re ws F . - Seats! “. Pr ss ei ? x + 7 . yea : 7 aoe rte 2 ; s , r 5 4 ; ® . : | : ; 7 | ; ; too ; 's : e" BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CromweELL Roap, Lonpon, S.W.7. Telephone : KENSINGTON 6323. Telegrams: NATHISMUs, SOUTHKENS, LONDON. Vot, Vi// ont 4 prenve re Seer et Mean : _ B7MAY 1935 = “AARcHsEOLOGICAL AND Natural HISTORY - Sociery. “LONDON: 8 -_ BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY; fe 5 tee o>) aN DD DERBY: atgieae 7 4 -- i Qigiues ‘Aguad ‘11VH G10 NOLONISVE WOYA STANVWd HAVO AG@Y30 "3N33> “YH TaEV Td JOURNAL OF THE DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL | AND 1 “J NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. Peed BY j.. CHARLES COX, LL.D. a VOL. IX. JANUARY, 1887. London : BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY; AND DERBY. 7 Fe. he” Pa eae 8 ill CONTENTS. List OF OFFICERS - - : “ : = 2 2 Og RULES - - - - - - - - - - - - - vil LisT OF MEMBERS - - - - : = = z - oe ny ‘ ‘ ' ’ ' ' ‘ ‘ * on “ SECRETARY’S REPORT BALANCE SHEET - - - - - - - - - XXxii OLp DEEDS IN THE PaRIsH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. TRANSCRIBED AND TRANSLATED BY E.G. - - - ed CARVED PANELS FROM THE OLD HOME OF THE BABINGTONS IN DERBY. By Rev. CHARLES KERRY. - - - — : . Bae" INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES, 1676. yes O- Appy. i. Ay tsa ltd xed EW7A! tre MO BALERS «bop PAINTED GLAss IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. By GEORGE BAILEY - - E = : 2 arias On A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL, MATLOCK, IN THE COUNTY OF DERBY. By BENJAMIN BRYAN - - - - - - - - 39 NoTEs ON THE MANorsS OF KiRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. FrRoM THE MSS. OF THE LATE GODFREY MEYNELL - - 45 A VISIT TO DERBYSHIRE IN 1630 - - - - - - - 54 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER, 1688—1708. By Pym YEATMAN - - - - - - - - 55 EXTRACT FROM THE WOLLEy MSS. - - - - - - - 69 On DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. \ By J. CuarvLes Cox, LL.D. - - - - - - 70 A CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY FROM THEIR COMMENCEMENT IN THE REIGN OF RICHARD I. By W. H. Hart - - . - - - - - - 84 A LITERAL TRANSCRIPT OF THE OLDEST REGISTER OF WEST HALLAM, DERBYSHIRE. By Rev. CHARIts KERRY - - - - - - - 94 lv CONTENTS. PAGE. DUFFIELD CASTLE; ITS History, SITE, AND RECENTLY FOUND REMAINS; WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF THE SEVEN EARL FERRERS WHO HELD IT. By J. CHarLes Cox, LL.D. - - - = : E - 118 ON SOME FRAGMENTS OF ENGLISH EARTHENWARE LATELY DIs- COVERED AT DERBY. By L. M. Soton - - - oa erie - : Z - 179 THE BRADBURNE CHANTRY, ASHBOURN. By W. D. FANE - - - - : 2s oe : - 188 LIST OF PLATES. TO FACE PAGE I, BABINGTON PANELS - - - - - FRONTISPIECE. II. BasBincTOoN PANELS - - - - - - - = 21 III. Srarnep Grass, MorLey CuHuRcH - - - - - - 33 IV. STAINED Giass, MorLEY CHURCH- - - - - - 35 V. LeEAD Font, ASHOVER - - - - - - - - 74 VI. Leap CIsTERN, WILLERSLEY CASTLE, CROMFORD - - - 82 OUTLINE PEDIGREE OF FERRERS - - - - - - 118 VII. EARTHWORKS OF DUFFIELD CASTLE - - - - - 137 VIII. GRouND PLAN OF DUFFIELD CASTLE - - - - - 157 IX. “CrLts,” AND RoMAN Pot, DuFFIELD CASTLE - - - 143 X. Masons’ Marks, DUFFIELD CASTLE - - : - - 168. Mi List OF OFFICERS; President ; THE DUKE OF DEVONSHIRE, K. G. Vice-Presidents : Duke oF Norro.k, E.M. DUKE OF PORTLAND. MARQUESS OF HARTINGTON. LorD SCARSDALE. LoRD VERNON. LorD WATERPARK. LorpD BELPER. Lorp Howarp oF GLOossopP. Lorp HINDLIP. LorD BuRTON. RIGHT Rey. LorD BISHOP OF LICHFIELD. RicHutr Rev. Lorp BISHOP OF SOUTHWELL. Hon. E. K. W. COKE. Hon. W. M. JERVISs. Hon. FREDERICK STRUTT. RIGHT Rev. BisHorp ABRAHAM. Sir H. S. Witmor, BART., WAGE Gals? Sir J. G. N. ALLEYNE, Bart. Sir ANDREW BaRCLAY WALKER, BART. Very Rev. DEAN OF LICHFIELD. VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON. T. W. Evans, Esq. J. G. Crompton, Esa. N. C. Curzon, Esq. G. F. MEYNELL, Esq. H. H. Bemrose, Esq. Council : JOHN BAILey. GEORGE BAILEY. WILLIAM BEMROSE. JoHN BorouGu. Rev. J. CHarLes Cox, LL.D. THomAs EvANs, F.G.S. C. G, SAVILE FOLJAMBE, M.P., F.S.A. Rev. M. K. S. FRITH. WILLIAM JOLLEY. Rev. F. JOURDAIN. RICHARD KEENE. F. J. ROBINSON. How. Creasurer : C, E, NEWTON, FRANK CAMPION. C. JAMES CADE. E. Coo.Line. J. GALLop. T. W. CHARLTON. E. GREENHOUGH. Sir JAMES ALLPORT. W. H. Honpces. A. H. DoLMAN, W. MALLALIEU. Wn. Wess, M.D. W. R. HOLiLanp. How. Secretary : ARTHUR Cox, Auditors : J. B. Coutson. Won. BEMROSE. lia i ae * Vil BOLES, I.— NAME. The Society shall be called the ‘“ DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL AND NatTuRAL HIisrory SOCIETY.” II.— Opsjectr. The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate the Archzology and Natural History of the County of Derby. III.— OPERATIONS. The means which the Society shall employ for effecting its objects are :— 1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the Exhibition of Antiquities, etc., and the discussion of subjects connected therewith. 2.—Genera! Meetings each year at given places rendered Interesting by their Antiquities, or by their Natural development. 3-—The publication of original papers and ancient documents, etc. IV.—OFFICERS. The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice- Presidents, whose election shall be for life; and an Honorary Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. V.—COouNCIL. The general management of the affairs and property of the Society shall be vested in a Council, consisting of the President, Vill RULES. Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary, and twenty-four Members elected from the general body of the subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the Council. VI.—ApmISSION OF MEMBERS. The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any Meeting of the Council, or at any General Meetings of the Society. VII.—SuBSCRIPTION. Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All Subscriptions to become due, in advance, on the 1st of January each year, and to be paid to the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life Membership. The composition of Life Members and the Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. VIII.—Honorary MEMBERS. The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in number. Their privileges shall be the same as those of Ordinary Members. IX.—MEETINGS OF COUNCIL. The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, at such place or places as may be determined upon. Special meetings may also be held at the request of the President, or five Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a quorum. RULES. ix X.—Sus-CoMMITTEEs. The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for confirmation. XI.—GENERAL MEETINGS. The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report shall be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the Council filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any time call a General Meeting, specifying the object for which that Meeting is to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General Meetings to be sent to each Member. XII.—ALTERATION or RULEs. No alteration in the Rules of the Society shall be made except by a majority of two-thirds of the Members present at an Annual or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any intended alteration to be sent to each Member at least seven days before the date of such Meeting. LIST OF MEMBERS. RIE The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (*) are Life Members. Bloxham, M. H., F.S.A., Rugby. Cox, Rev. J. Charles, LL.D., Barton-le-Street Rectory, * Malton. Hart, W. H., F.S.A., Public Record Office, Fetter Lane, London. Fitch, R., F.S.A., Norwich. Honorary Members. Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. Irvine, J. T., 167, Cromwell Road, Peterborough. Watkin, W. Thompson, 242,West Derby Road, Liverpool Wrottesley, General The Hon. George, 55, Warwick Road, South Kensington, London. Abney, Captain W. de W., F.R.S., Willesley House, Wetherby Road, South Kensington, London. *Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. Addy, S. O., George Street, Sheffield. Alexander, Rev. C. L., Stanton-by-Bridge, Derby. Alleyne, Sir John G. N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. Allport, Sir James, Littleover, Derby. Alsop, Anthony, Wirksworth. Allsopp, The Hon. A. Percy, Streethay Lodge, Lichfield. Andrews, William, Literary Club, 13, Hopwood Street, Hull. * Arkwright, Rev, W. Harry, Vicarage, Cromford. Arkwright, James C., Cromford. * Arkwright, F. C., Willersley Castle, Cromford. Bagshawe, ¥. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. Bailey, George, 32, Crompton Street, Derby. Baker, F. Wright, 102, Friargate, Derby. Balguy, F. Noel, 9, Pelham Street, South Kensington, London. EE LIST OF MEMBERS. x1 Balston, the Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. Barnes, Capt., Beaconsfield, Bucks. Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby. Bateman, F. O. F., Breadsall Mount, Derby. Bateman, Thomas K., Alvaston, Derby. Battersby, T., Kedleston Road, Derby. Beamish, Major, R.E., 28, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Beard, Neville, The Mount, Ashburne. Belper, The Right Honourable Lord, Kingston Hall. Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. Bennett, George, Irongate, Derby. *Bickersteth, The Very Rev. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield. Bishop, E. J., Osmaston Road, Derby. Blackwall, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. Blandford, Rev. H. E., Ockbrook. Boden, Richard, Grove Terrace, Osmaston Road, Derby. Boden, Walter, Gower Street, Derby. Boden, Rev. C. J., Morley Rectory, Derby, Bogonschevsky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. Borough, John, Friar Gate, Derby. Bowring, Chas., Duffield Road, Derby. Bradbury, Edward, 16, Arboretum Street, Derby. Bridge, Rev. T., Poynton, Stockport. Bridgeman, O. Granville, Bilton Hall, Rugby. Brigden, Geo., Irongate, Derby. Brindley, Benjn., South Parade, Derby. Brooke, Rev. Wm., 70, Bloomfield Street, Derby. Bromwich, Rev. C. T., S. Werburgh’s, Derby. Brushfield, T. N., M.D., The Cliff, Budleigh-Salterton, Devon. Bryan, Benjn., 1, Victoria Street, London, S.W. Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Street, Derby. Burton, The Right Hon. The Lord, Rangemoor, Burton-on-Trent. Busby, C. S. B., Duffield Road, Derby. Butler, W., Smith’s Bank, Derby. Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. *Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. Campion, Frederick, Ockbrook, Derby. Campion, Frank, Duffield Road, Derby. Cantrill, Mrs. W., Charnwood Street, Derby. Carter, F., Irongate, Derby. xil LIST OF MEMBERS. Chancellor, Rev. J., S. John’s, Derby. Charlton, Thomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Wingfield. Clark, G. D’Arcy, Highfield House, Derby. Clark, Rev. Walter, B.D., S. Helen’s, Derby. Clayton, Mrs., Queen Street, Derby. Clay, T. Spender, Ford Manor, Lingfield, Surrey. Clowes, Wm., Norbury, Ashburne. Clulow, Edward, Junr., Victoria Street, Derby. Cokayne, Andreas E., Bakewell. *Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London. *Coke, Colonel, Debdale Hall, Mansfield. ‘ Coke, The Hon. Edward Keppel Wentworth, Longford Hall. *Coke, Major Talbot, Hardwick House, Richmond Hill, Surrey. Cooling, Edwin, Irongate, Derby. Cooke, Charles, Spondon. Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. Coulson, J. B., Friar Gate, Derby. Coulson, G. M., Friar Gate, Derby. Cox, William, Brailsford. Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby. Cox, F. W., Priory Flatte, Breadsall, Derby. Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. Crompton, J. G., Lilies, Derby. *Cross, Robert, Bakewell. Croston, James, F.S.A., Upton Hall, Prestbury, Cheshire. Crowther, Wm., Free Library, Derby. Curgenven, W. G., M.D., Friar Gate, Derby. Currey, B. S., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. Currey, Percy H., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. *Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. Dalton, C. B., Grove Terrace, Derby. Davy, John, Gerard Street, Derby. Davis, Frederick, Palace Chambers, S. Stephen’s, Westminster. Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. Disbrowe, Miss, Walton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Dolman, A. H., Wardwick, Derby. Downing, Wm., Olton, Birmingham. Dunn, C. B. Noble, The Tors, Crich, Derby. Eckett, S. B., Advertiser Office, Derby. LIST OF MEMBERS. xiil Eddowes, C. K. ) Eddowes, Mrs. C. K. }St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Eddowes, Miss j Edmunds, Wilfred, Derbyshire Times, Chesterfield. Egerton, Admiral the Hon. F., M.P., Devonshire House, London. *Evans, T. W., Allestree, Derby. Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. *Evans, John, Highfields, Derby. Evans, Henry, West Bank, Derby. Evans, Thomas, F.G.S., Pen-y-Bryn, Derby. Evans, Robert, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. *Eyre, Lewis, 78, Radcliffe Gardens, Kensington, London, $.W. *Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. Ffytche, Lewis, F.S.A., The Terrace, Freshwater, I.W. Fisher, Edwd., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot, Devon. *FitzHerbert, J. K., Twynham, Bournemouth. *FitzHerbert, Rev. Regd. H. C., Somersal Herbert, Derby, *Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P., F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark. Forman, Rev. T. R., S. Alkmund’s, Derby. Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby, Fox, Rev. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. *Freer, Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. Frith, Rev. M. K. S., The Vicarage, Allestree. Furneaux, Rev. W. M., Repton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. Garbutt, Horace, 31, Friar Gate, Derby. Gillett, F. C., Duffield Bank House, Derby. *Gisborne, Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. Gisborne, T. M., 64, Canning Street, Liverpool. Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. Goodall, Thomas Sorby, 5, S. Peter’s Street, Derby. Goode, Mrs. Gregory, Mrs., 4, North Street, Derby. , Greenhough, Edward, Parkfield, Willersley Road, Matlock. Greensmith, L. J., Longcliffe House, Charnwood Street, Derby. Greenwell, Geo. C., F.G.S., Elm Tree Lodge, Duffield. Gresley, Rev. L. S., Ashover. Groves, Rev. C. W., Grammar School, Risley. Hall, W. S., 39, Hartington Street, Derby. Hall, J. Payne, Uttoxeter. XIV LIST OF MEMBERS. Hall, Rev. Tansley, Boyleston, Derby. Hambly, C. H. Burbidge, Holmside, Hazelwood, Derby. Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. Hartington, The Most Noble the Marquess of, M.P., Devonshire House, Piccadilly, London. Hartshorne, Albert, Bradbourne, Wirksworth. Harwood, James, Corn Market, Derby. Harpur-Crewe, Lady, Spring Hill, East Cowes, I.W. Haslam, A. Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. Haslam, W. Coates, Ripley, Derby. Heather, Rev. W. M., Cauldon, Ashburne. Hefford, T. N., 46, Queen Street, Derby. Hindlip, The Right Hon. the Lord, Hindlip Hall, Worcester. Hipkins, Rev. F. C., Priory, Repton. Hodges, W. H., Osmaston Road, Derby. Holland, W. R., Ashburne. Hollis, H. W., F.R.A.S., Butterley. Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Derby. Holmes, H. M., London Road, Derby. Holmes, H. M., Jun., London Road, Derby. Holmes, G. E., London Road, Derby. Holoran, G. B., Osmaston Road, Derby. Hope, Rev. William, S. Peter’s, Derby. Hope, W. H. St. John, F.S.A., Burlington House, Piccadilly, London. Hope, Miss Rose E., 13, Ashburne Road, Derby. *Hovenden, R. Heathcote, Park Hill Road, Croydon. Howard, The Right Hon. Lord, of Glossop, Glossop Hall. Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. ’ Howe, W. E., Fernie Bank, Matlock Bath. Huish, Darwin, Wardwick, Derby. Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook, Derby. Hunter, John, Field Head House, Belper. *Hurt, Albert F., Alderwasley, Derbyshire. Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. Jackson, John P., Stubbin Edge, Chesterfield. *Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. Jervis, Hon. E. S. Parker, Aston Hall, Sutton Coldfield, Jessop, William de Burgh, Overton, Alfreton. Jeudwine, W. W., Hollywell House, Chesterfield. Jobson, J., The Cottage, Spondon, Derby. LIST OF MEMBERS. XV Jobson, Godfrey, Derwent Foundry, Derby. Johnson, E. S., Littleover Hill, Derby. Johnson, Rev. Wm., Repton. Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham, Jones, Joseph, Babington Lane, Derby. Jones, Rev. T. J., Tickenhall, Derby. Jones, T., Jun., 10, Edge Hill Road, Nether Edge, Sheffield. Joseph, Ferguson, Friar Gate, Derby. Jourdain, Rev. Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. Keene, Richard, Iron Gate, Derby. Kerry, Rev. Chas , Stonebroom, Alfreton. Keys, John, London Road, Derby. Kingdon, Clement B., Ednaston Lodge. Kirkland, Capt. Walter, 3, West Terrace, Eastbourne. Knipe, W. Melville, Melbourne. Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. Langdon, W., 5, Grove Terrace, Derby. Leacroft, Rev. C. H., The Brackenfield, Alfreton. Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Sheffield. Leech, Mrs. Samuel, London Road, Derby. Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter of—Chas, Gresley, The Close, Lichfield. Lichfield, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. Lindsay, J. Murray, M.D., Mickleover, Derby. Litherland, Hy., Ravenshoe, Burton Road, Derby. Livesay, Wm., M.D., Sudbury, Derby. Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby. Longdon, Frederick, Osmaston Road, Derby. Lott, Edward, Corn Market, Derby. Lott, F. B., Huddersfield. Lowe, Major A. E. Lawson, F.S.A., Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow. Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby. Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield, and Watford Villa, New Mills, Stockport. Maclean, Hugh, Ashburne. Madan, Rey. Nigel, West Hallam. Mallalieu, W., Swallows’ Rest, Ockbrook. Maunsell, J. Poole, Mercury Office, Derby, McInnes, E., 100, Osmaston Road, Derby. Meakin, Miss F 3 e Spondon. Meakin, Miss Harriette Xv LIST OF MEMBERS. Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Mills, Henry, Laurels, Etwall. Milnes, Rev. Herbert, The Vicarage, Winster. Milnes, E. S., Culland Mount, Derby. Mole, R. L. Homer, Full Street, Derby. Molineux, Rev. C. H., S. James’s Parsonage, Derby. Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. *Mundy, Meynell, 30, Green Park, Bath. Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. Mundy, Rev. T. B., Wilne, Derby. Murray, Frank, London Street, Derby. Naylor, J. R., Charnwood Street, Derby. Neal, Thos., Chestnut House, Highfield Road, Derby. Needham, E. M., The Cedars, Belper. Newdigate, Colonel, F. W., West Hallam, Derby. Newmane, Madame Cavania, George Street, Derby. Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, E.M., Arundel Castle. Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. Oakes, C. H., Holly Hurst, Riddings. Oakes, James, Holly Hurst, Riddings. Olivier, Rev. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. *Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood, Mansfield. Portland, His Grace the Duke of, Welbeck, Notts. Pountain, Lieut.-Colonel, Barrow-on-Trent. Prince, Paul, Madeley Street, Rose Hill, Derby. Ratcliffe, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent. Redfern, James, Etwall. Robinson, F. J., Darley Slade, Duffield Road, Derby. *Rutland, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Belvoir Castle. Sale, Richard, Barrow Hill, Derby. Sale, W. H., The Uplands, Burton Road, Derby. Sankay, Ww. H., Sandiacre, Derby. Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston. : : t LIST OF MEMBERS. XVil *Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. Seeley, Charles, Junr., Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. Sheldon. T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. Sitwell, Sir Geo., Bart., Renishaw, Chesterfield. Slack, J. B., Ripley, Derby. Sleigh, John, Evers!ey, Matlock. Smith F.N., Wingfield Park, Alfreton. Sneyd, Dryden, Ashcombe, Leek. Sorby, Clement, Darley Dale. *Southwell, Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, Thurgarton Priory, Notts. Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. "Statham, Geo. E., Matlock Bridge. Stephenson, M., 3, Rowden Buildings, Temple, London, E.C,. Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. Strick, Richard, Silverdale, Staffordshire. *Strutt, The Hon. Frederick, Milford House, Derby. Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Derby. Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. Sutton, Edward, Shardlow Hall. Swann, Rev. Kirke, Forest Hill Lodge, Warsop, Mansfield. Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. Swingler, Henry, Ireton Wood House, Derby. Taylor, Frederick Ernest, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, Tom G., Hartington Street. Derby. Taylor, H. Brooke, Bakewell. Taylor, Wm. Grimwood, 83, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Taylor, Mrs. A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Tetley, Rev. W. H., Charnwood Street, Derby. Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby, Thornewill, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. Towle, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. Trubshaw, Chas., St. Aubyn Villa, Osmaston Road, Derby. Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey. Turbutt, W Gladwyn, Ogston Hall, Alfreton. Ussher, Rev. Richard, Grove House, Ventnor, I.W. *Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. XVIil LIST OF MEMBERS. Wadham, Rev. J., Weston-on-Trent. Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. Walker, Sir A. B., Bart., Osmaston Manor, Derby. | Walker, J., Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. Walker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. Walker, William, Lowood, Cromford. *Wathall, H. W., Alton Manor, Wirksworth. Wardell, Stewart, Doe Hill House, Alfreton. Waterpark, The Right Hon. Lord, Doveridge. Watson, F. W., William Street, Derby. Webb, Wm., M.D., Wirksworth. Whiston, W. Harvey, The Gardens, Osmaston Road, Derby. *Whitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. Williams, J., Midland Railway, Derby, Wilmot, Miss, 28, Westbourne Place, Eaton Square, London. *Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., C.B., Chaddesden Hall. Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. Wilmot-Horton, Rev. Sir G., Bart., Catton Hall, Derby. Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. Wilson, Arthur, Melbourne. Woodforde, W. B., Breadsall Lodge, Derby. Woods, Sir Albert, Garter King-at-Arms, College of Arms, London. Woodyatt, Rev. George, Repton Vicarage. Worthington, W. H., Derwent Bank, Derby. Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby. Wright, Fitz-Herbert, The Hayes, Alfreton. *Wright, Charles, Wirksworth. Yeatman, Pym, Cedar Villa, High Barnet. N.B.—Members are requested to notify any error or omission in the above list to the Hon. Sec. XIx REPORT. OF >THE: HON: SECRETARY; 1886. WHE eighth anniversary of this Society was held in the School of Art (kindly lent by the Committee for the occasion) on the 1st of February, 1886. The Ven. The Archdeacon of Derby, Dr. Balston, presided. The report of the Society’s proceedings for the past year, showing a steady increase in the number of members, was read and adopted. The officers for the year commencing were elected. The one vacancy on the Council, caused by the removal from Derby of Mr. Allpass, was filled by the election of Mr. W. R. Holland. The members of Council retiring under Rule V., viz., Messrs. Evans, Foljambe, Frith, Jolley, Jourdain, Keene, Robinson, and Hope, were re-elected. The Hon. Secretary, the Hon. Secretary of Finance, the Hon. Treasurer, and the Auditors, were also re-elected. The Marquis of Hartington and Sir Andrew B. Walker, Bart., were elected members and Vice- Presidents of the Society. Dr. Webb read a paper describing the celebrated Tutbury Horn, and the old Ram’s Horns of Wirksworth, both being exhibited by kind permission of their respective owners, Messrs. W. H. G. Bagshawe, and Albert Hurt. An ancient alabaster sculpture, the property of the Rev. B. W. Spilsbury, was exhibited, and described by the Rev. Dr. Cox, who also read a paper on Old Lead Work (Plumbery) in Derbyshire, illustrated by full-sized drawings. Before the meeting separated, the Rev. Dr. Cox desired to call XX REPORT. the attention of members to an advertised Sale of old oak from the Church at Spondon. Dr. Cox stated that the Society . had remonstrated with the Churchwardens, and quoted the authority of a well-known and experienced Diocesan Chancellor to prove that such a sale, without express faculty, is absolutely illegal ; he hoped the meeting would give expression to its feeling upon the matter in a vote of strongest deprecation. Mr. Borough, interposing, said he was in a position to state that the Church- wardens of Spondon had that day withdrawn the oak from the sale. Dr. Cox’s motion was, therefore, not put to the meeting. It is most deeply to be deplored that some of the old oak, owing to a blunder or misunderstanding between the Churchwardens and the auctioneer, was, after all, sold, although the greater portion is still preserved in the parish, and may yet, it is earnestly to be hoped, find its only proper resting-place within the walls of the Church of S. Werburgha, Spondon. During the past year there have been six meetings of the Council, at which the attendance has been regular, though we cannot help thinking that there are more of the elected members who might, if they would, share in the responsibility of the Council’s work. The first expedition of the Society during the past year was held on May 22nd, to Ratcliffe and Kingston. The party left Derby in special saloons attached to the 1.35 p.m. train for Kegworth. From Kegworth Station the party drove to Ratcliffe Church. The Rev. C. S. Millard, Rector of Costock, conducted the visitors over the Church, and pointed out the various interesting features, notably a fine series of monuments, most of them to the family of Sacheverel. The party next drove to Kingston Church, where they were received by Lord and Lady Belper, and the Rev. H. Hamilton. Mr. Millard again acted as guide, and drew attention to the various details of interest without and within the Church, the special feature being a magnificent stone carving erected by Anthony Babington as the canopy for a tomb. After examining and discussing the pecu- liarities of the Church, the party walked to Kingston Hall, where REPORT. Xxl they were entertained at tea by Lord and Lady Belper, and allowed to inspect the pictures and pleasure grounds. The return journey was made from Kegworth at 7.9 p.m. The next expedition of the Society was held on July 28th, to Ashover and Dethick. The party left Derby in special saloons attached to the 10.32 a.m. train for Stretton. From Stretton Station the party drove to Ashover Church, which was described in detail by the Rev. Dr. Cox. Luncheon was taken at the Hydropathic Establishment, Ashover. and the party afterwards drove, via Trinity Chapel, to Dethick, where the Rev. Charles Kerry read the following paper upon the family of Babington :— BABINGTON FAMILY. I have been requested by the Honorary Secretary of our Society to.say something to you on this occasion concerning the history of the Babington family. I doso with much diffidence ; first, because it is utterly impossible for anyone in the allotted time to give any- thing but a mere sketch of this distinguished and wide-spreading family ; secondly, because I cannot produce anything not previously elucidated ; aud, lastly, because we have amongst us one who has perhaps more knowledge of the subject than any other person in England. I mean my worthy and esteemed friend, Dr. Cox, whose work on the Churches of Derbyshire is one of the most won- derful examples of patient research and diligent investigation ever produced in our own times. It is to this work, and to ‘“‘ Burke’s History of the Commoners,”’ that I am mainly indebted for the materials for this paper. Burke deduces this family from Sir Bernard Babington, lord of Babington, in Northumberland. I do not know of any place in this county of this name, unless it be identical with Bavingion, by Thorkcington, near the centre of the county. On a ceiling at Harnham Castle (about five miles east of Bavington), once occu- pied by the Babingtons, is the crest of the family, in high relief, within a circular medallion, viz., a dragon’s head between two dragons’ wings, gw., with, I believe, a scroll issuing from the mouth. I assign this medallion to the end of the fifteenth or beginning of xxil REPORT. the sixteenth century. Harnham, once a stronghold, is now a farm house, occupied by Mr. Thornton. Sir Bernard Babington had issue,— Sir John de Babington, Chief Captain of Morlais, in Bretagne, under Edward III. His son, Sir John Babington, of East Bridgeford, Nottinghamshire, died in 1409, leaving, by Benedicta, his wife, daughter and _ heiress of Sir Simon Ward, of Cambridge, five sons and a daughter, viz., (1) Zhomas, his heir. (2) Sir William of Chilwell, Nottingham- shire, and Kiddington, an eminent lancer. (3) Arnold, a citizen of Norwich, and Merchant of the Staple. (4) Norman, of East Bridgeford, Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire in 1428. He married Mary, daughter of John Lord Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, but died s-p. 1437. (5) John Babington, of Aldrington, co. Devon, ancestor of the Babingtons of Ottery St. Mary. (6) A daughter, Sidonia. Thomas, the eldest of these children, sold his patrimony of East Bridgeford to his brother, Sir William, of Chilwell; and, after serving with Henry V. in the French wars, returned home and purchased the manor of Kingston. It is said that the sword and bow he wore at Agincourt are still preserved. He married Isabella, daughter and sole heiress of Robert Dethic, of Dethic. She died in 1435, and the said Thomas in 1467. By this union the Babingtons became lords of Dethic. One fragment, at least, of the original home of Thomas and Isabella remains. It is a doorway with a double ogee arch, with a massive but ruinous abutment on the south side of it. It now forms the entrance to a modern cellar beneath a dairy. This Thomas, the first of the Babingtons of Dethic, and his wife Isabella, the last of the Dethics, lie interred at the east end of the north aisle of Ashover Church, where some years ago there was an incised alabaster slab to their memory. Thomas and Isabella left a son and successor,— Sir John Babington, Kt., of Dethic and Kingston. Sheriff of Derby and Nottingham in 1480. He married Isabel, daughter REPORT. XXill and heiress of Henry Bradbourn, of the Hough, or Hulland, in the parish of Ashbourn, in this county. It appears from the visitation of Derbyshire made in 1569 and 1612, that this John erected a painted window in Staveley Church, which at that time exhibited the Arms of Babington and Dethic, and bore this inscription, ‘‘Orate pro bono statu Dni Johis Babington qui istam fenestram fieri fecit.” Sir John Babington was slain at the battle of Bosworth, by Sir John Blount, Provost Marshal, in 1485. It seems more than probable that his body was conveyed from Bosworth to Kingston (one of his estates much nearer Bosworth than Dethic), and since his widow was interred at Radcliff, close by, in the following year, I presume that he was buried there. An incised alabaster slab, bearing a female effigy, surrounded by a marginal inscription, may still be seen in the north chancel aisle of Radcliff Church. It has “Hic jacet Isabella Babyngton quonda uxor Johis Babyngton de eee obiit vij. .... . The rest is quite obliterated. Burke says she died on the 18th of March, 1486. (In case of the restoration of Radcliff Church, this Society should have an eye to this valuable memorial.) Beatrice, married to Ralph Pole, of Wakebridge. Anne, married to James Rolleston, of Lea. She died in 1507. Her husband was living in 1518. Their brass memorial now lies on the south side of the sacra- rium, at Ashover. It was probably removed from the Rolleston Chapel at the east end of the north aisle about the year 1798. Elizabeth, married to Ralph Frauncis, of Foremark, in this county. Margaret, married to Edmund Pilkington, of Staunton, Derby* Isabel, married to John Rosell, of Radcliff, Notts., and Cecily, married to Thomas Samon, of Annesley Woodhouse, Notts. Sir John Babington was succeeded by his son, Thomas Babington, of Dethic, Sheriff of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire, in 1498, who married Editha, daughter of Ralph FitzHerbert of Norbury. Hedied on the 13th of March, 1518, and was interred bythe side of his wife, XxIVv REPORT. Editha, whose body lies beneath the handsome tomb in Ashover Church. According to Woolley it appears that Azs gravestone lay on the south side of the large monument with the recumbent effigies. The stone was inlaid with brass plates, one exhibiting an emaciated figure or skeleton, and the other, which is still pre- served, the following inscription ; ‘‘ Here lyeth Thomas Babyngton, of Dethic, Esq., son of John, son and heyre to Thomas Babyng- ton, and Isabella, hys wife, daughter and heyre to Robert Dethic, Esq., which ‘Thomas, deceysed, the 13th day of March, 1518, on whose souls Jhu have mercy.” This plate is a rescript, the reverse commemorating one Robert Prykke, Serjeant of the Pantry to Margaret, Queen of England, who died in 1450. It was removed from the slab to which it had been more recentlyattached at the foot of the recumbent effigies, by the Rector and myself, and has been framed and hinged under my instructions by the well-known firm of Barfoot, late Leaver, of Maidenhead. It now occupies its former position, and is sus- pended on a Purbec marble slab, which seems to have once borne a rhyming epitaph to Edith, surmounted by a representation of the Blessed Trinity. Thomas and Edith had a large family, no less than nine sons and .six daughters. The eldest of these, Sir Anthony, Knight, of Dethic, was Sheriff of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire in 1534. He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of John Ormond, Esq., of Alfreton, by Joane his wife, daughter and heir of Sir W. Chaworth. His second wife was Catharine, daughter of Sir John Ferrers, Knight, of Derbyshire. It was this Sir Anthony who erected the tower of Dethic church, so famous for the heraldic illustrations of the alliances of the family. I shall now take the issue of this Sir Anthony, the ‘‘ fozwer builder,” by his first wife, Elizabeth Ormond :— Thomas, his eldest son, of Dethic, married Catharine, eldest daughter of Sir Henry Sacheverell, of Morley, where her beautiful memorial, with its recumbent effigy, may still be seen. She died on 23rd of August, 1544. Her will is preserved at Somerset House. He departed on the 21st of April, 1560, and left two — — a REPORT. XXV sons and a daughter, viz., Henry, Edmund, and Anne. His eldest son, Henry, of Dethic, was born in 1530, the year in which the tower was founded. He married, first. Frances, daughter of Sir John Markham, and secondly, Mary, daughter of George, Lord Darcy, of Aston, by whom he had no issue. By his first wife he had three sons, Anthony, Francis, and George. 1. Anthony, of Dethic and Kingston, attainted for high treason in 1586. He married Margaret, daughter of John Draycott, of Penisley, Stafford. (See Note at end.) 2. Francis, who became possessed of Kingston by his brother’s death, and sold it to Gilbert, Earl of Shrewsbury. 3. George, of Dethic. He married Helen, daughter of Hen. Vine, of Ash, in Surrey. and hada son, Ferdinando. This George sold the manor of Dethic to Wednesley Blackwall. The second son of Thomas Babington and Katharine Sacheverel, was Edmund, who married Mary, daughter of George Zouch, of Codnor. His sister, Anne, was married to John, son of George, Lord Darcy. Thomas Babington, who married Katharine Sacheverell, had three brothers, viz., Edward, Bernard, who married a daughter of Sir Gervaise Clifton,. and had issue the distinguished Gervaise Babington, Bishop of Worcester, who died on the 17th of May, 1610. The third brother, John, married Sanctria, daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Stanhope, of Rampton, and left issue. Sir Anthony (the tower builder) married for his second wife Catharine, daughter of Sir John Ferrers, by whom he had two sons and three daughters. George, married Anna, daughter and co-heir of Sir John Constable, of Kinolton; Richard; Elizabeth, married to Sir George Pierpoint ; Catharine, married to Sir John Markham ; and Mary, married to Sir Robert Brett, of Rotherby. Sir Anthony died in 1544. Now I return to the issue of Thomas Babington and Editha, and shall name the brothers and sisters of the tower builder, Anthony, the eldest son. The second son was Sir John Babington, Knight of Rhodes, XXV1 REPORT. Lord of St. John’s, London, Commander of the Preceptory of Dalby and Rothley. Third, Ralph, LL.B., Rector of Hickling, Suffolk, in the chancel of which church he was buried in 1521. Fourth, Sir Roland, who married Jane Ridge, of Kinver, and died 20th June, 1548, having issue (1) Henry ; (2) Augustine, who married a daughter of George Zouch, of Codnor ; (3) John, who sold Normanton, and other lands, near Derby ; (4) Michael, of Derby, living 1611 ; and (5) Catharine, who was married to George Curzon, Esq., of Croxall, in this county. Fifth, Humphry, died 1544, of Rothley Temple, probably acquired by his marriage with Eleanor, third daughter and co-heir of John Beaumont, of Wednesbury, Staffordshire, grandson of Henry, Lord Beaumont. Sixth, Thomas, Rector of Yelverton; died 1511. Seventh, William Babington, of Wednesbury and Jeremor, Staf- fordshire, who married Jane, eldest daughter and co-heir of John Beaumont. Eighth, Robert, who died in the Temple, London, and was buried there. Ninth, George, who died young. Their sisters were :— (2) Elizabeth, who died young. (4) Anne, married, first, to George Leek, Esq., of Chatsworth ; second, to Roger Greenhalge, of Teversall. She died roth June, 1538, and was buried at Teversall. (c) Dorothy, married to Robert Rolleston, of Swarkeston. (2) Catherine, married to George Chaworth, of Wiverton, Notts. (e) Jane, married to George Meverell, of Throwley, Stafford- shire. (f) Elizabeth, married to Philip Oakover, of Oakover. The Babingtons of Rothley Temple are the representatives of this ancient family. The late James Pulleine. Esq., of Clifton Castle, Yorkshire, had an original pedigree roll of the Babington family on vellum, most beautifully emblazoned, executed apparently about the time REPORT. XXVli of Queen Elizabeth. It seems to have come into his family by the marriage of his ancestor, Wingate Pulleine, in 41721, to Catharine Frances, daughter and co-heir of Philip Babington, Esq., of Babington, in Northumberland. I was at Clifton on the occasion of the visit of the Royal Archeological Society to York, when I carefully examined it, and have written to Mrs. Pulleine for the loan of it for this meeting, but have not received any reply. She must be abroad, because I know that if possible she would have acceded to my request. A Note on ANTHONY BABINGTON. Sir Walter Scott describes him as a young gentleman of good parts, large fortune, and an amiable disposition, but addicted to romantic ideas on the subject of Jove and friendship, and an unhesitating zealot in the cause of the Roman Church. The plot for which he was attainted originated with three Romish priests, two of the name of Gifford, and the third Hodgson, and it contemplated the death of Elizabeth, with the consequent exaltation of Mary Queen of Scots. It was first determined that Savage, an English Romanist, holding a commission in the Spanish service, shgquld put Elizabeth to death with his own hand ; but it being considered afterwards as rash in the extreme to entrust an object so important to a single arm, Babington undertook to carry the plot into execution with a band of ten gentlemen, with whom he was connected with the closest bonds of community in studies and amusements. The names of these persons were Windsor, Salisbury, ‘Tilney, Tichbourne, Gage, Travers, Barnewall, Chaswick, Dunn, and Jones. The number was more than double that which was requisite, but the rash and romantic mind of Babington totally unfitted him to lead sucha band of conspirators. His imagination (excited in an extra- ordinary degree) displayed by one single act his utter incapacity. He caused to be painted a picture, representing six of his principal associates, with his own portrait in the centre, the whole bearing a motto expressive of some hazardous undertaking. XXVIll REPORT. Babington assumed for his own share the most romantic, and the least guilty portion of the enterprise, by undertaking the liberation of Mary from the place of her confinement. Salisbury, with others, were to assemble forces in the neigh- bouring counties, while Tichbourne, Savage, and four associates undertook the assassination of Elizabeth. The plot was discovered through a person named Polly, a spy of Walsingham’s, who had ingratiated himself with the conspirators ; and one of the Giffords having turned informer, Babington was arrested with the whole of the band (except Salisbury, who escaped from England), and lodged in the Tower. Being separately examined, they confessed their guilt, were tried, condemned, and executed.—From Burke’s FTistory of Commoners. A third expedition was made by the Society on September 2end, to Duffield. The party left Derby in special saloons attached to the 1.40 p.m. train. From Duffield Station the party walked to the site of the ancient castle of Duffield, where the recent excavations have been made. The Rev. Dr. Cox gave an address describing the probable history of the castle, as suggested by the recent discoveries made in uncovering the remains. The various ‘{ finds,” consisting of stone implements, pottery of divers kinds, bones, moulded stones, iron, oak beam, etc., were exhibited. After a careful inspection of the ruins and of the “finds,” the party walked to Milford House, where they were entertained at tea by the Hon. Frederick Strutt, returning to Derby at 5.55 p.m. In the course of the past year, the matter of the greatest value and importance to all who are interested in archeology generally, and the history of this county in particular, has been the discovery _ of the remains of Duffield Castle. On Easter Monday, 1886, Mr. H. J. Harvey, the son of the owner of the field, which was known to be the site, but where absolutely no vestige of remains could be seen, amused himself by digging a hole. In a very short time was discovered, in more than one place, the face of a wall. Further examination proved the walls to be of enormous REPORT. XX1X thickness—fifteen feet—and extending over a large area. Your Council was communicated with, and a sub-committee was at once appointed to watch any work that might be done. The Rev. Dr. Cox visited the excavations, and afterwards consulted with Mr. St. John Hope, the Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries, and himself an experienced ‘digger,’ with the result that every enquiry and comparison went to prove the great value and historical importance of the excavations begun at Duffield. A strong representative local committee, including some six members of your Council, was formed, and an appeal for funds to carry on the work of excavation was put out. ‘lhe owner of the property, Mr. Harvey, most willingly allowed the work of excavation to be continued. and Mr. Bland, of Duffield, indefatigably superintended everything. The result has been the laying bare of the founda- tions of the walls of a Norman rectangular keep larger than any known example, save the ‘lower of London, the discovery of a well more than eighty feet deep, and the unearthing of “finds”’ so numerous, so varied in character, and in the period of history to which they belong, as to defy description. Stone implements, pottery, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Norman, knives with buck-horn handles, a spindle-whirl, a Norman spur, part of an Anglo-Saxon cruciform bronze brooch, bones of the dog, deer, and calf, masses of hewn stone, a huge oak beam, and the well bucket, have all been brought to light, after a six hundred years’ burial. The work of excavation has ceased for the present, and the site has been enclosed with a strong iron railing. The committee have become tenants of the site, and every facility is afforded to archeologists who may wish to inspect the keep or the various relics which have been found. The sincere thanks of this Society, and of all lovers of archzeology, are due to those who have interested themselves so strongly and worked so hard throughout the whole of this undertaking. If there were more men in the world as willing to oblige as Mr. Harvey, and as willing to take up hard work as Mr. Bland, archzeological research would be very much easier to carry out than it is at present. The work done at Duffield has been done well, and the result is an invaluable XXX REPORT. addition to the history of this county, as well as a matter of sincere congratulation to every archeologist in the world. In October last, your Council heard of a proposed restoration of the Church at Monyash: members will be glad to learn that in reply to a communication made to them, those in authority in connection with the proposed work have promised to call the attention of your Society to any point of difficulty that may arise. All our members will have heard with unfeigned regret of the accident to the Hon. Frederick Strutt, the most active of our Vice-Presidents, and an unfailing supporter of all our under- takings ; no member of the Society has taken a keener interest in our work. During the past year, in particular, Mr. Strutt has been even more busy than usual on our behalf, the very successful arrange- ments for our day at Kingston were mainly due to his kind kelp, and no one who was present at Duffield on the 22nd of September last will ever forget Mr. Strutt’s genial hospitality on that occasion, only five days previous to his terribly sudden fall, from the effects of which he fhas not, up to the present time, rallied. That his recovery may at last be perfect, is the heart-felt desire, we are sure, of every member of this Society. We have to record, with sorrow, the removal by death of another of our Vice-Presidents. Llewellynn Jewitt was one of the first to interest himself in the formation of this Society, and always took a lively interest in our proceedings, though we have not often seen him at our meetings. He will be a missed man by many beyond our own circle. We regret too, deeply, the death of one of our Auditors, James Lingard, another staunch supporter of our work. Our total number of members this year is rather less than last, but as the names struck off are chiefly those of gentlemen who never paid any subscriptions, the Society will not suffer from their removal. We cannot congratulate ourselves this year upon the appearance of the Balance Sheet ; as we said last year, expenses have been incurred over the production of the journal, which were far in excess of previous cost. The Society has been too am- bitious with regard to illustrations, which are always a costly item. REPORT. XXX1 Many county societies, similar to our own, receive valued contri- butions from the pencils as well as the pens of members, or plates have been given so as to reduce expenses. The present issue of the Journal is less bulky than some of its predecessors. The article on Duffield Castle would not have been nearly so profusely illus- trated had not the Council sanctioned an arrangement whereby the Society is only responsible for half their cost. It is quite hoped that our expenses in future will be less, and that our financial position will shortly resume its former satisfactory state : this alone is wanting to make your Council quite satisfied with the ninth year of our proceedings. ARTHUR COX, Hon Sec. Mill Fill, Derby, January 22nd, 1887. BALANCE SHEET. XXXil ‘Legit ‘AuvONV[ HL61 “L981 ‘AUVANV[ HLgZ ‘advo sawvl ‘oO ‘sronpny ) ASOMNAL WVITIIM { ‘NOSTNOO ‘ad SAWVIE *J2a4l0) punof puv paurupx” oO o1 fzzF | ©” OL tecF Gr OF ¢ re Ce ncn eee OR “-isjen Ce hs aouvleg OOF go Uae es arene one (or) “é soo soueIjuy O O OG wits tree res ee eens *yua0 oa 5¢ ‘od | fc) Ig ots 8 ese er aies Siena (Th) 9881 ‘uonsodwio} VT 0 Oo ol1 Rate ierelehsl ais ete ccpi@ koe” witesaye *yua9 qod - ‘sa}vyy fe} cr Siz OR eM ir Cick aie a sees Sger 4s1£ uoneiodioy Aqiaq uo saSeSj10yy ur paysoauy | ‘D9q] 0} Soda soURIJUM pu suOTIsoduOD aT “LNNOOOV LNAWLSAANI z zi Loy %. cr Lor Cy (eh Oe SE SUONvALOXT PlPYNd Toy Juvss oF aes Aa ee ORI ST Ne slayuvg 0} ond souvleq oO ZI €L1 PRON USS "Suc Nt ICR eehoeC On, ac, LMC NC ACen jeurnof Sunurg b ¢ g ois eee |e x S08 CTH YCROMC ME ROMA CCU Rey CRE ia carpets jso190}UT fe) 6 v ed Peewee ewer eens Ce rd Sunurig fe) Zz 8 #06 68 6 4 eels) sles = ce sieinis col ‘aaa ale sjeurnof{ jo [eS On Se gr* coer ** sasuadxg jejuaprouy pur sasvjsog Or wOP eee Seis Sieltiesin ok eka yeuanof jo saidoo punog age hat of REIS o VOD Ean iOb 0s Sggi “oaq 4sI€ ‘sourjeg OM Glaeser ast *"*** suondrosqng puv sag souvaqugq ps ¥ mae “aN ALIGNGIXY ‘SLUIGOTyY “LNNOOOV WH3AN3D ‘9881 “NAAWAOAC tsi€ OL SLNNODOV AO LNAWALVIS ‘ALHIOOS AYOLSIH ITWYNLVYN GNV IVOIDOTIOWHDODUV AYIHSADUAAG 1935 4 DERBYSHIRE ARCHEOLOGICAL AND Narurar History BOCIETY. OW Deeds in the PBavish Chest of St, UWrvstaws, Wepton. TRANSCRIBED AND TRANSLATED BY E. G. ve 3 N the parish chest of the ancient church of St. Wystan Vie of Repton, which is kept in the parvise over the south porch, is a parcel of old deeds, or evidences, extend- ing from the time of Edward I. to that of Henry VIII. A literal extended transcript, accompanied with a translation, is here given of each of these seventeen documents, arranged in chronological order. ‘They all seem to be evidences of small plots of land that at one time were Church or parish property, and that were probably confiscated to greedy courtiers in the days of Edward VI., under the plea of being associated with superstitious uses, such as the : burning of a lamp in the Lady Chapel, recited in the tenth deed. i The seventh of these documents is the Crown receipt for the . year 1348, for the Tenths and Fifteenths granted to Edward III., from the township of Repton. This is an item of much value and interest, for we believe it to be a unique sample of a locally pre- served receipt for the payment of this impost. VOL. 9 I 2 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. I. ScianrT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus filius Galfridi de Rependone dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmayi Radulpho filio Johannis filii Radulphi de eadem unam dimidiam acram terre mee arabilis in campis de Rep’ abuttantem usque Depedale et jacentem juxta terram domini Prioris de Repend’ ex una parte Habendam et tenendam dictam terram cum pertinenciis suis dicto Radulpho heredibus et assignatis suis de capitalibus dominis feodi illius libere quiete bene et in pace de feodo et hereditate in perpetuum Et ego dictus Radulphus filius Galfridi et heredes et assignati mei dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis suis dicto Radulpho filio Johannis et heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus adquietabimus et in per- petuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui_ Hiis testibus Hugone Meye Johanne filio Johannis Nicholao Pikard Warino Carpentario Johanne Pistore et aliis. [ Translation. | Know all men present and to come that I Ralph son of Geoffrey of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Ralph son of John son of Ralph of the same one half acre of my arable land in the fields of Repton abutting up to Depedale and lying next the land of the lord Prior of Repton on one side To have and to hold the said land with its appurtenances to the said Ralph his heirs and assigns of the chief lords of that fee freely quietly well and in peace in fee and inheritance for ever And I the said Ralph son of Geoffrey and my heirs and assigns the said half acre of land with its appurtenances to the said Ralph son of John and his heirs and assigns will warrant acquit and defend against all people for ever. In witness whereof to this my present charter I have set my seal. These witnesses: Hugh Meye, John son of John, Nicholas Pikard, Warin Carpenter, John Baker, and others. II. ScIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus filius Johannis filii Radulfi de Rep’ dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi necnon quietum clamavi cum (sic) et heredibus meis Roberto de Fornewerke sissori manenti in Rep’ et Alicie uxori ejus et heredibus eorum et assignatis unam dimidiam acram terre mee arabilis in campis de Rep’ quam quidem dimidiam acram habui ex dono et feoffamento Radulphi filii Galfridi et jacet in Depedale se extendens usque le Croked Hayrowe inter terram domini Prioris, et terram Matild’ Agas Habendam et tenendam dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis suis quibuscunque de capitalibus dominis feodi illius dictis Roberto et Alicie uxori ejus et eorum heredibus et assignatis libere quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus aysiamentis dicte terre spectantibus in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum Et site DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 3 ego vero dictus Radulphus filius Johannis et heredes mei et assignati mei dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinencis suis quibuscunque dicto (sic) Roberto et Alicie uxori ejus et eorum heredibus et assignatis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus adquietabimus et imperpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee et quiete clamacioni sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Roberto de Snepston Will’o Balle Will’o le Mason Hugone Meye Will’o Appleby et aliis Datum apud Rep’ die Sancti Gregorii Pape anno regni Regis Edwardi primo. [ Zranslation.] Know all men present and to come that I Ralph son of John son of Ralph of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed and also quit-claimed for me and my heirs to Robert of Foremark tailor dwelling in Repton and to Alice his wife and their heirs and assigns one half acre of my arable land in the fields of Repton which said half acre I had of the gift and feoffment of Ralph son of Geoffrey and it lies in Depedale extending itself up to the Croked Hayrowe between the land of the lord Prior and the land of Maud Agas To have and to hold the said half acre of land with its appurtenances whatsoever of the chief lords of that fee to the said Robert and Alice his wife and their heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace with all easements to the said land belonging in fee and inheritance for ever. And I the said Ralph son of John and my heirs and my assigns will warrant acquit and defend the said half acre of land with its appurtenances whatsoever to the said Robert and Alice his wife and their heirs and assigns against all people for ever. In witness whereof to this my present charter and quitclaim I have set my seal. These witnesses: Robert de Snepston, William Balle, William the mason, Hugh Meye, William Appleby, and others. Given at Repton on the day of Saint Gregory, Pope, in the first year of the reign of King Edward. [12 March, 1307-8.] No. III. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulfus filius Galfridi filii Rogeri Car- pentarii de Rep’ dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Roberto le Taylur de Fornewerke manenti in Rep’ et Alicie uxori sue et eorum heredibus et assignatis unam dimidiam acram terre mee arrabilis in territorio de Rep’ jacentem super Honerbromhul inter terram Matilde Agaz a parte australi et terram Willi Costey a parte aquilonari et extendit se a forera domini Prioris usque le Herdewiksiche Habendam et tenendam dictam dimidiam acram terre de capitalibus dominis feodi illius dictis Roberto et Alicie et eorum heredibus et assignatis libere quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus aysiamentis et commo- ditatibus dicte terre spectantibus infra villam de Rep’ et extra in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum Et ego vero dictus Radulfus heredes mei et assignati mei quicunque dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinensiis prenominatis 4 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. Roberto et Alicie heredibus eorum et assignatis quibuscunque contra omnes gentes warantizabimus in omnibus acquietabimus et cuicunque vel quandocun- que dare vendere vel assignare voluerint imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium presenti carte sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus domino Hugone capellano Roberto de Snypeston’ Hugone Meye Will’o Balle Will’o le Taylur et aliis Datum apud Rep’ die Jovis in festo Sancti Valentini martiris anno regni Regis Edwardi filii Regis Edwardi octavodecimo, [ Translation. | Know all men present and to come that I Ralph son of Geoffrey son of Roger Carpenter of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Robert the Taylor of Foremark dwelling in Repton and to Alice his wife and to their heirs and assigns one half acre of my arable land in the territory of Repton lying upon Honerbromhul between the land of Maud Agaz on the south side and the land of William Costey on the north side and it extends itself from the headland of the lord Prior up to the Herdewiksiche To have and to hold the said half acre of land of the chief lords of that fee to the said Robert and Alice and their heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peaee with all easements and commodities to the said land belonging within the town of Repton and without in fee and inheritance for ever And I the said Ralph my heirs and my assigns whosoever the said half acre of land with the appurtenances to the beforenamed Robert and Alice their heirs and assigns whomsoever will warrant against all people will acquit in all things and to whomsoever and whensoever they will to give sell or assign the same will defend for ever In witness whereof to the present charter I have set my seal. These witnesses: Sir Hugh Chaplain, Robert de Snype- stone, Hugh Meye, William Balle, William the Taylur and others. Given at Repton on Thursday the feast of Saint Valentine the martyr in the eighteenth year of the reign of king Edward son of king Edward [14 February 1324-5]. EV. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus filius Galfridi filii Rogeri Car- pentarii de Rep’ dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Roberto le Taylur de Fornewerke manenti in Rep’ et Alicie uxori sue et eorum heredibus et assignatis unam dimidiam acram terre mee arrabilis in Campo de Rep’ versus le Hay inter Honerbromhul et Brasput’ jacentem juxta terram Matild’ Agaz a parte australi et terram Roberti Jon a parte aquilonari et extendit se a forera Simonis le Lander usque le Herdewykesiche Habendam et tenendam dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis de capitalibus dominis feodi illius dictis Roberto et Alicie et eorum heredibus et assignatis quibuscunque et cuicunque et quandocunque dare vendere et assignare voluerint libere quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus aysiamentis et commoditatibus dicte terre spectantibus in feodo DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 5 et hereditate imperpetuum Et ego dictus Radulphus heredes mei et assignati dictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis prenominatis Roberto et Alicie heredibus eorum et assignatis quibuscunque contra omnes gentes warantizabi- mus in omnibus acquietabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testi- timonium presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus domino Hugone capellano Roberto de Snipeston’ Willo Appleby Hugone Meye Will’o Balle et aliis Datum apud Rep’ die Sabbati in festo Sancti Cedde episcopi anno regni Regis Edwardi filii Regis Edwardi octavodecimo. [Zranslation. ] Know all men present and to come that I Ralph son of Geoffrey son of Roger Carpenter of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Robert the Taylor of Foremark dwelling in Repton and to Alice his wife and their heirs and assigns one half acre of my arable land in the field of Repton towards the Hay between Honerbromhul and Braspute lying near the land of Maud Agaz on the south side and the land of Robert Jon on the north side and extends itself from the headland of Simon the Lander up to the Herdywykesiche To have and to hold the said half acre of land with the appurtenances of the chief lords of that fee to the said Robert and Alice and to their heirs and assigns whomsoever and to whomsoever and whensoever they will to give sell and assign the same freely quietly well and in peace with all easements and commodities to the said land belonging in fee and inheritance for ever And I the said Ralph my heirs and assigns will warrant acquit and defend the said half acre of land with the appurtenances to the beforenamed Robert and Alice their heirs and assigns whomsoever against all people and in all things for ever. In witness whereof to my present charter I have set my seal. These witnesses: Sir Hugh chaplain, Robert de Snipe- stone, William Appelby, Hugh Meye, William Balle and others. Given at Repton on Saturday the feast of Saint Chad bishop in the eighteenth year of the reign of King Edward son of king Edward [2 March 1324-5]. V. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus filius Galfridi filii Rogeri Carpentarii de Rep’ dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Roberto le Taylor de Fornewerke manenti in Rep’ et Alicie uxori sue et eorum heredibus et assignatis quibuscumque unam acram terre mee arabilis in territorio de Rep’ cujus una dimidia acra jacet in le mers inter terram Rogeri filii Willielmi super le hul ex parte una et terram Matilde Agaz ex parte alia et extendit se a le Scherthaude londe usque Trente et una Roda jacet super le Ruggeweye versus Robincros inter terram dicti Rogeri et Warini Carpentarii et una roda jacet in campis versus Neutone apud Knavegrene inter terram dictorum Rogeri et Matilde Habendam et tenendam dictam acram terre de 6 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. capitalibus dominis feodi dictis Roberto et Alicie heredibus eorum et assignatis quibuscumque libere quiete bene et in pace cum omnibus aysiamentis dicte terre ubique spectantibus in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum Et ego dictus Radulphus heredes mei et assignati quicumque dictam acram terre cum pertinenciis prenominatis Roberto et Alicie et eorum heredibus et assignatis quibuscumque contra omnes gentes warantizabimus in omnibus acquietabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium presenti carte sigillum meum apposui_ Hiis testibus Roberto de Snipestone Will’o Appelby Hugone Meye Will’o Balle Warino Carpentario et aliis Dat’ apud Rep’ die Dominica proxima ante festum Sancti Georgii martiris anno regni Regis Edwardi filii Regis Edwardi octavodecimo. [ Zranslation.] Know all men present and to come that I Ralph son of Geoffrey son of Roger Carpenter of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Robert the Taylor of Foremark dwelling in Rep’ and Alice his wife and to their heirs and assigns whomsoever one acre of my arable land in the territory of Rep’ whereof one half acre lies in the marsh between the land of Roger son of William upon the hill on one part and the land of Maud Agaz on the other part and extends itself from the Scherthaudelonde up to Trente and one rood lies upon the Ridgeway towards Robincros between the land of the said Roger and Warin Carpenter and one rood lies in the fields towards Newton at Knavegrene between the land of the said Roger and Maud To have and to hold the said acre of land of the chief lords of the fee to the said Robert and Alice their heirs and assigns whomsoever freely quietly well and in peace with all easements to the said land everywhere belonging in fee and inheritance for ever And I the said Ralph my heirs and assigns whosoever the said acre of land with the appurtenances to the beforenamed Robert and Alice and their heirs and assigns whomsoever will warrant in all things acquit and defend against all people for ever. In witness whereof to the present charter I have set my seal. These witnesses: Robert de Snipestone, William Appelby, Hugh Maye, William Balle, Warin Carpenter and others. Given at Repton on Sunday next before the feast of Saint George the Martyr in the eighteenth year of the reign of King Edward son of King Edward [19 April 1325]. VI. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod nos Nicholaus Pykard de Repingdon’ et Juliana uxor mea dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmayimus Roberto le Taylur de Repingdon’ unam dimidiam acram terre nostre arabilis cum pertinenciis in Repingdon’ jacentem apud Kokthorn super le Middelfurlonge inter terras Willielmi Agaz et Willielmi Nike et buttantem super terram Ade Gambone ad unum capud et ad aliud capud super terram Roberti DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 7 Dousamour Habendam et tenendam predictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis predicto Roberto le Taylur et heredibus vel assignatis suis libere quiete et in pace imperpetuum de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia eis inde debita et de jure consueta Reddendo inde annuatim dictis dominis capitalibus ij denarios quadrantem pro omnibus aliis serviciis et demandis Et nos vero predicti Nicholaus et Juliana uxor mea et heredes nostri predictam dimidiam aeram terre cum omnibus suis pertinenciis ut predictum predicto Roberto le Taylur et heredibus suis vel suis assignatis warantizabimus imperpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis testibus domino Hugone le Barker capellano Will’o de Swarkeston’ Johanne Cordi Will’o Meye Will’o Costeye et aliis. Datum apud Repingdon’ die Mercurii proxima post festum Epiphanie Domini anno regni Regis Edwardi tercii post conquestum vicesimo primo. [ Translation. | Know all present and to come that we Nicholas Pykard of Repton and Juliana my wife have given granted and by this our present charter confirmed to Robert the Taylur of Repton one half acre of our arable land with the appurtenances in Repton lying at Kokthorne upon the middle-furlonge between the lands of William Agazand of William Nike and abutting upon the land of Adam Gambone at one head and upon the land of Robert Dousamour at the other head To have and to hold the aforesaid half acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Robert the Taylur and his heirs or his assigns freely quietly and in peace for ever of the chief lords of that fee by the services therefrom to them due and of right accustomed Yielding therefrom yearly to the said chief lords two-pence farthing for all other services and demands And we the aforesaid Nicholas and Juliana my wife and our heirs will warrant the aforesaid half acre of land with all its appurtenances as aforesaid to the aforesaid Robert the Taylur and his heirs or his assigns for ever. In witness whereof to this our present charter we have set our seals. These witnesses: Sir Hugh le Barker chaplain, William of Swarkestone, John Cordi,’ William Meye, William Costeye and others. Given at Repton on Wednesday next after the feast of the Epiphany of the Lord in the twenty-first year of the reign of king Edward the third after the Conquest. VII. MEMORANDUM quod Taxatores et Collectores x et xve triennalium domino Regi concessarum anno regni sui xxij® receperunt de villata de Repyndon’ quadraginta quatuor solidos unum denarium et obolum de primo termino primi anni concessionis predicte. In cujus rei testimonium Sigillum officiale presentibus est appensum. Datum apud Derb’ die Veneris proxima ante festum Sancti Michaelis anno supradicto. 8 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. [ Zranslation.] Be it remembered that the Taxors and Collectors of the Tenth and Fifteenth granted to the lord the King for three years in the twenty-second year of his reign have received from the Township of Repyndon forty-four shillings one penny and a halfpenny for the first term of the first year of the grant aforesaid. In witness whereof the seal of office is appended to these presents. Given at Derby on Friday next before the feast of Saint Michael in the year abovesaid. VIII. PATEAT universis per presentes quod ego Johannes Cortel vicarius de Wylington’ pro me et heredibus meis imperpetuum quietum clamavi Johanni Cordy de Repindon’ et heredibus ac assignatis suis totum jus et clameum quod habui habeo seu quovismodo habere potero in quadam placea cum edificiis superstantibus et pertinenciis suis in villa de Repindon’ que quidem placea cum edificiis superstantibus scituata est inter placeam condam Willielmi de Herteshorn ex una parte et inter placeam que vocatur le Steresplace ex altera parte Ita quod nec ego dictus Johannes Cortel nec heredes mei nec quovis alius nomine nostro aliquod jus vel clameum in dicta placea cum edificiis superstantibus et cum pertinenciis suis de cetero exigere seu quovismodo vendicare valeamus sed ab omni accione juris et clamei in eisdem exclusi sumus imperpetuum per presentes. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto quiete clamacionis sigillum meum apposui. Datum apud Repindon’ die Mercurii proxima post festum Anuncia- cionis Beate Virginis Marie anno regni Regis Edwardi tercii post con- questum tricesimo. [Translation .| Be it manifest unto all by these presents that I John Cortel vicar of Willington for me and my heirs have for ever quitclaimed to John Cordy of Repton and to his heirs and assigns all right and claim, which I had have or in any wise shall have in a certain plot with buildings standing thereon and their appurtenances in the town of Repton which said plot with buildings standing thereon is situate between the plot formerly of William de Hartshorn of one part and between the plot which is called the Steresplace of the other part So that neither I the said John Cortel nor my heirs nor any other in our name shall henceforth be able to demand or challenge in any wise any right or claim in the said plot with buildings standing thereon, and with their appurtenances, but from all action of right and claim in the same shall be for ever shut out by these presents. In witness whereof to this present writing of quitclaim I have set my seal. Given at Repton on Wednesday next after the feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the thirtieth year of the reign of King Edward the Third after the Conquest. y Ser DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 9 IX. PRESENS indentura testatur quod dominus Johannes de Mielton’ capellanus Willielmus Botilere de Repindon’ Hugo de Engleby de eadem et Nicholaus Nyke de eadem concesserunt ac dimiserunt Stephano Taylour de Brettoby manenti in Repindon’ Margerie uxori ejus et Thome filio eorum terciam partem unius mesuagii in Repindon’ cum pertinenciis suis et tres buttas terre arabilis cum suis pertinenciis jacentes super Bromhull unam dimidiam acram jacentem versus le Hay inter Honourbromhull et Barseputte juxta terram condam Willielmi Agas et terram Roberti John’ ac eciam unam dimidiam acram cum suis pertinenciis jacentem apud Kokethorn super le Medel Forlonge inter terram predicti Willielmi Agas et terram Willielmi Nyke et abuttantem super terram Ade Gambone ad unum caput et terram Roberti Dousamour ad aliud caput Habendam et tenendam de capitalibus dominis per servicia eis inde debita et de jure consulta omnia terras et tenementa predicta cum suis pertinenciis predictis Stephano Margerie uxori ejus et Thome filio eorum ad totam vitam eorum trium et alteri eorum qui diucius vixerit Reddendo eciam eisdem domino Johanni Willielmo Hugoni et Nicholao heredibus suis et assignatis suis annuatim pro predicta tercia parte mesuagii et tribus buttis cum suis pertinenciis quinque solidus et decem denarios ad duos anni terminos in Repindon’ usuales pro omnibus aliis serviciis libere quiete bene et in pace Et si contingat predictum annualem redditum quinque solidorum et decem denariorum aretro existere in parte vel in toto per unum mensem post aliquem terminum prestatutum bene liceat predictis domino Johanni Willielmo Hugoni et Nicholao et heredibus suis et suis assignatis in omnibus predictis terris et . tenementis cum suis pertinenciis distringere et districcionem penes se retinere quousque de predicto redditu ac de arreragiis si que sint plenarie eisdem fuerit satisfactum Et predicti dominus Johannes Willielmus Hugo et Nicholaus et heredes sui et assignati sui omnia terras et tenementa predicta cum suis pertinenciis prefatis Stephano Margerie uxori ejus et Thome filio eorum ad totam vitam eorum trium et alteri eorum qui diucius vixerit ut supra dictum est contra omnes gentes warantizabunt et defendent In cujus rei testimonium hiis indenturis partes prenominate mutuo sigilla sua apposuerunt Hiis testibus Roberto Wele Johanne Wareyn Johanne Byschope Roberto Daubour Will’mo del Hay et aliis. Datum apud Repindon’ die Jovis proxima post festum Sancti Gregorii anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum quarto decimo. [ Zranslation.] The present Indenture witnesseth that Sir John de Mielton chaplain William Botilere of Repton Hugh de Ingleby of the same and Nicholas Nyke of the same have granted and demised to Stephen Taylour of Bretby dwelling in Repton Margery his wife and Thomas their son a third part of one messuage in Repton with its appurtenances and three butts of arable land with their Io DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. appurtenances lying upon Bromhull one half acre lying towards the Hay be- tween Honourbromhull and Barseputte next the land formerly of William Agas and the land of Robert John and also one half acre with its appurtenances lying at Kokethorn upon the Medel Forlonge between the land of the afore- said William Agas and the land of William Nyke and abutting upon the land of Adam Gambone at one head and the land of Robert Dousamour at the other head To have and to hold of the chief lords by the services therefor to them due and of right accustomed all the lands and tenements aforesaid with their appurtenances to the aforesaid Stephen Margery his wife and Thomas their son for the whole life of the three of them and to the one of them who shall the longer live Yielding also to the same Sir John William Hugh and Nicholas their heirs and their assigns yearly for the aforesaid third part of a messuage and three butts with their appurtenances five shillings and tenpence at the two terms of the year usual in Repton for all other services freely quietly well and in peace And if it happen the aforesaid yearly rent of five shillings and ten pence to be behind in part or in all for one month after any term before appointed it shall be fully lawful for the aforesaid Sir John William Hugh and Nicholas and their heirs and their assigns to distrain in all the aforesaid lands and tenements with their appurtenances and the distress with them to retain until cf the aforesaid rent and of the arrears (if any there be) it shall be fully satisfied unto the same And the aforesaid Sir John William Hugh and Nicholas and their heirs and their assigns all the lands and tene- ments aforesaid with their appurtenances to the aforesaid Stephen Margery his wife and Thomas their son for the whole life of the three of them and to the one of them who shall the longer live as is abovesaid will warrant and defend against all people. In witness whereof tothese Indentures the parties afore- ‘named have mutually set their seals. These witnesses: Robert Wele, John Wareyn, John Byscope, Robert Daubour, William of the Hay and others. Given at Repton on Thursday next after the feast of Saint Gregory in the fourteenth year of the reign of King Richard the second after the Conquest. X. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Cooke de Repindone capellanus dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea indenta (sz¢) mea confirmavi Willielmo filio Johannis de Engleby tres seliones terre arabilis cum suis pertinenciis de Engleby que simul jacent super le Wyteflatte inter terram Prioris de Repindone et terram Johannis Fyschere et lanceant super foereram condam Roberti Gregory quos quidem seliones habui ex dono et feofamento domini Willielmi de Meiltone capellani Habendum et tenendum predictos tres seliones cum suis pertinenciis predicto Willielmo filio Johannis et heredibus suis sive assignatis suis libere quete bene et in pace imperpetuum de me et heredibus meis per servicium unius floris rose ad festum Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste ac DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. II eciam reddendo inde annuatim preposito seu procuratori luminis altaris Capelle Sancte Marie in ecclesia parochiali de Repindone qui pro tempore fuerit sexdecim denarios ad festum Sancti Michaelis in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam sicud aliqua elemosina melius et quietius dari potest Et si contingat predictum anualem redditum sexdecim denariorum aretro existere in parte vel in toto per duos dies post octavas predicti festi Sancti Michaelis volo et concedo ego predictus Willielmus filius Johannis pro me et heredibus meis et meis assignatis quod ex tunc bene licebit preposito seu procuratori luminis predicti altaris qui pro tempore fuerit in omnibus terris et tenementis bonis et catallis nostris distringere et districta penes se retinere in quorum manus fuerint inventa quousque de predicto redditu sexdecim denariorum sive de arreragiis si que sint plenarie fuerit sibi satisfactum Et ego vero predictus Johannes et heredes mei predictos tres seliones et cum suis pertinenciis sapedicto Willieimo filio Johannis et heredibus suis sive assignatis suis ut supradictum est et in forma predicta contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium presentibus Indenturis tam prefatus Johannes Cooke quam sepedictus Willielmus filius Johannis mutuo sigilla sua apposuerunt —_Hiis testibus Johanne Fraunceys de Engleby Symone Fraunceys de Mieltone Laurencio Halm de Engleby Will’mo Gylot de eadem Hugone de Engleby de Repindone et aliis Dat’ apud Engleby dxe Mercuriiin vigilia Ascencionis Domini anno regni regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum sexto decimo, [ Zranslation. | Know all present and to come that I John Cooke of Repton chaplain have given granted and by this my present charter indented have confirmed to William son of John de Ingleby three selions of arable land with their appur- tenances in Ingleby which lie together upon the Wyteflatte between the land of the Prior of Repton and the land of John Fyschere and strike upon the headland formerly of Robert Gregory which said selions I had of the gift and feoffment of Sir William de Meiltone chaplain To have and to hold the afore- said three selions with their appurtenances to the aforesaid William son of John ana his heirs or his assigns freely quietly well and in peace for ever of me and my heirs by the service of one rose-flower at the feast of Nativity of Saint John Baptist and also yielding therefrom yearly to the provost or proctor of the altar-light of Saint Mary’s Chapel in the parish church of Repton for the time being sixteen pence at the feast of Saint Michael in free pure and perpetual alms as any alms can be the better and more quietly given And if it happen the afore- said yearly rent of sixteen pence to be behind in part or in all for two days after the Octaves of the aforesaid feast of Saint Michael I the aforesaid William son of John do will and grant for me and my heirs and my assigns that then it shall be fully lawful for the provost or proctor of the light of the afore- 12 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. said altar for the time being to distrain in all our lands and tenements goods and chattels and the distresses in whose hands soever they shall be found to retain with him until of the aforesaid rent of sixteen pence or of the arrears (if any there be) it shall be fully satisfied unto him And I the aforesaid John and my heirs the aforesaid three selions with their appurtenances to the often- named William son of John and their heirs or their assigns as is above said and in form aforesaid will warrant and defend against all people for ever. In witness whereof to the present Indentures as well as the aforesaid John Cooke as the often-named William son of John have mutually set their seals. These witnesses: John Fraunceys of Ingleby, Simon Fraunceys of Milton, Laurence Halm of Ingleby, William Gylot of the same, Hugh de Ingleby of Repton and others. Given at Ingleby on Wednesday the Eve of the Ascension of the Lord in the sixteenth year of the reign of King Richard the second after the Conquest. XI. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Robertus Dawbur et Alicia Dawbur de Repyndon’ dedimus et concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Symoni Hauker et Roberto Maynard et Henrico Maysam et Willielmo Neke omnia bona nostra et catalla mobilia et inmobilia vbicunque fuerint inventa predictis Symoni et Roberto et Henrico et Willielmo habenda et tenenda ad voluntatem suam si deficiamus unam diem solvendi. In cujus rei testimo- nium presente carte nostra (sc) sigillum nostrum appossuimus. Hiis testibus : Johanne Bolt Johanne Bischop Will’o Boteler Hugone de Engulby Ricardo Neke et aliis. Datum apud Repyndon’ in festo Sanctorum Philippi et Jacobi apostolorum anno regni Regis Henrici quarti post conquestum quinto. [Zranslation. | Know all men present and to come that I [for we] Robert Dawbur and Alice Dawbur of Repton have given and granted and by this our present charter confirmed to Simon Hauker and Robert Maynard and William Neke all our goods and chattels moveable and immovable wheresoever they shall be found To have and to hold to the aforesaid Simon and Robert and Henry and William if we make default one day in paying. In witness whereof to this our present charter we have set our seal. These witnesses: John Bolt, John Bischop, William Boteler, Hugh of Ingelby, Richard Neke, and others. Given at Repton on the feast of Saints Philip and James Apostles, in the fifth year of the reign of King Henry the fourth after the Conquest. XII. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod nos Robertus Hanson’ de Repyndon’ et Thomas Hether de Tuttebur’ Barker dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Ricardo Piper de Repyndon et Alicie uxori ejus unam a a DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 13 dimidiam acram terre arabilis cum pertinenciis suis jacentem in campo de Repyndon’ inter terram Rogeri de Maysam ex parte una et terram Thome del Stone ex parte altera et lanceat super Hardewyksyche Habendam et tenendam predictam dimidiam acram terre cum pertinenciis suis predictis Ricardo et Alicie uxori ejus heredibus et assignatis suis libere quiete bene et in pace in perpetuum Reddendo inde annuatim predictis Roberto et Thome Hether heredibus et assignatis suis tres danarios argenti ad festum Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste et si predicti Ricardus et Alicia uxor [ejus] vel heredes sui aut sui assignati per capitalem dominum pro predictis tribus denariis districti fuerint tunc ijdem Ricardus et Alicia uxor ejus heredes et assignati sui a solucione predictorum trium denariam annui redditus cessabunt donec prefati Robertus et Thomas Hether heredes et assignati sui plenam et sufficientem inter capitalem dominum et predictos Ricardum et Aliciam uxorem ejus heredes et assignatos suos de hujusmodi districcione mitigacionem fecerint Et nos predicti Robertus et Thomas Hether et heredes nostri predictam dimidiam acram cum pertinenciis suis predictis Ricardo et Alicie uxore ejus heredibus et assignatis suis ut predictum est contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus in per- petuum per presentes In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra apposuimus Hiis testibus Thoma de Doddyngsels Ricardo Broune Johanne Bolte Roberto Dawbur et Ricardo Nykke et aliis Datum apud Repyndon’ die Sabbati proxima post festum Translacionis Sancti Edwardi Regis anno regni Regis Henrici quarti post conquestum undecimo. [ Translation. | Know all present and to come that we Robert Hanson of Repton and Thomas Hether of Tuttebury Barker have given granted and by this our present charter confirmed to Richard Piper of Repton and Alice his wife one half acre of arable land with its appurtenances lying in the Field of Repton between the land of Roger de Masam of one part and the land of Thomas del Stone of the other part and it strikes upon Hardewyksyche To have and to hold the aforesaid half acre of land with its appurtenances to the aforesaid Richard and Alice his wife their heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace for ever Yielding therefrom yearly to the aforesaid Robert and Thomas Hether their heirs and assigns three silver pence at the feast of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist And if the aforesaid Richard and Alice [his] wife or their heirs or their assigns shall be distrained by the chief lord for the aforesaid three pence then the same Richard and Alice his wife their heirs and assigns shall cease from the payment of the aforesaid three pence of _ yearly rent until the aforesaid Robert and Thomas Hether their heirs and assigns shall make full and sufficient mitigation of such distress between the chief lord and the aforesaid Richard and Alice his wife their heirs and assigns And we the aforesaid Robert and Thomas Hether and our heirs by these I4 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. presents will warrant the aforesaid half acre of land with its appurtenances to the aforesaid Richard and Alice his wife their heirs and assigns as is aforesaid against all people for ever In witness whereof to this our present charter we have set our seals. These witnesses: Thomas de Doddyngsels, Richard Broune, John Bolte, Robert Dawbur and Richard Nykke, and others. Given at Repton on Saturday next after the feast of the Translation of Saint Edward the king in the eleventh year of the reign of king Henry the fourth after the Conquest. XIII. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod nos Willielmus Baker de Swartlingcote et Katerina uxor mea dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Ambrosio Fissher capellano heredibus et assignatis suis omnia mesuagia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia cum suis pertinenciis quod habemus in villis et in campis de Repyngton’ Meleton’ et Willyngton’ holme Habenda et tenenda omnia predicta mesuagia terras et tenenda omnia predicta mesuagia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefato Ambrosio heredibus et assignatis suis de Capitalibus dominis feodorum illorum per servicia eis inde debita et de jure consueta Et nos vero prefati Willielmus Baker et Katerina uxor mea omnia omnia (szc)’ predicta mesuagia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia cum suis pertinenciis prefato Ambrosio heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et defendemus in perpetuum. - In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis testibus Ricardo Broune Will’o Warde de Coton’ Roberto Saveney et multis aliis. Datum apud Repyngton’ predictam die Sabati proxima post festum Sancti Dionisii anno regni Regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie undecimo, [ Zranslation. | Know all men present and to come that we William Baker of Swadlingcote and Katherine my wife have given granted and by this our present charter confirmed to Ambrose Fissher chaplain his heirs and assigns all the messuages lands and tenements rents and services with their appurtenances which we have in the towns and in the fields of Repton Milton and Willington holme To have and to hold all the aforesaid messuages lands and tenements rents and services with all their appurtenances to the aforesaid Ambrose his heirs and assigns of the chief lords of those fees by the services to them therefrom due and of right accustomed And we the aforesaid William Baker and Katherine my wife will warrant and defend all the aforesaid messuages lands and tenements rents and services with their appurtenances to the aforesaid Ambrose his heirs and assigns against all people for ever. In witness whereof to this our present charter we have set our seals. These witnesses: Richard Broune, William ——————e DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 15 Warde of Coton, Robert Saveney and many others. Given at Repton afore- said on Saturday next after the feast of Saint Dionys in the eleventh year of the reign of king Henry the sixth after the Conquest of England. XIV. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod nos Willielmus Baker de Swartlyngcote et Katerina uxor ejus (s%c) dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Ambrosio Fissher capellano heredibus et assignatis suis unam acram terre cum pertinenciis in Repyngton’ jacentem juxta Bromehill inter terram predicti Ambrosii ex parte una et le More Syche ex parte altera Habendam et tenendam predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis predicto Ambrosio heredibus et assignatis suis libere quiete bene et in pace de Capitali domino feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta Etnos vero prefati Willielmus et Katerina et heredes nostri predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis prefato Ambrosio heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis testibus Ricardo Broune Roberto Dauber Gilberto Ins et multis aliis. Datum apud Repyngton’ predictam die Sabati proxima post festum Sancti Cedde episcopi anno regni Regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie quartodecimo. [Zranslation. ] Know all men present and to come that we William Baker of Swadlingcote and Katherine my wife have given granted and by this our present charter confirmed to Ambrose Fissher chaplain his heirs and assigns one acre of land with the appurtenances in Repton lying next Bromehill between the land of the aforesaid Ambrose of one part and the More Syche of the other part To have and to hold the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Ambrose his heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace of the chief lord of that fee by the services therefrom due and of right accustomed And we the aforesaid William and Katherine and our heirs will warrant and defend the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Ambrose his heirs and assigns against all people for ever. In witness whereof to this our present charter we have set our seals. These witnesses: Richard Broune, Robert Dauber, Gilbert Ins and many others. Given at Repton aforesaid on Saturday next after the feast of Saint Chad bishop in the fourteenth year of the reign of king Henry the sixth after the Conquest of England. XV. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego dominus Ambrosius Fisher capellanus dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Radulpho Fisher heredibus et assignatis suis unam acram terre cum pertinenciis in Repingdon’ jacentem juxta Bromehill inter terram predicti Ambrosii ex parte una et le More Siche - 16 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. ex parte altera Habendam et tenendam predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis predicto Radulpho heredibus et assignatis suis libere quiete bene et in pace de Capitali domino feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta Et ego vero prefatus Ambrosius et herdes mei predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis prefato Radulpho heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantiza- bimus [et] in perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Will’mo Percy Will’mo Hill Ricardo Hunt Johanne Daubeni Will’mo Baker et multis aliis. Datum apud Repingdon predicta[m] die Lune post festum Sancti Dunstani episcopi anno regni Regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie tricesimo octavo. [ Zranslation.] Know all men present and to come that I Sir Ambrose Fisher chaplain have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Ralph Fisher his heirs and assigns one acre of land with the appurtenances in Repton lying next Bromehill between the land of the aforesaid Ambrose of the one part and the More Siche of the other part To have and to hold the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Ralph his heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace of the chief lord of that fee by the services therefore due and of right accustomed And I the’aforesaid Ambrose and my heirs will warrant and defend the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Ralph his heirs and assigns agairist all people for ever. In witness whereof to this my present charter I have set my seal. These witnesses : William Percy, William Hill, Richard Hunt, John Daubeny, William Baker and many others. Given at Repton aforesaid on Monday after the feast of Saint Dunstan bishop in the thirty-eighth year of the reign of king Henry the sixth after the Conquest of England. XVI. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus Fisher de Repingdon dedi concessi et hac carta mea presenti confirmavi Rogero Smythe capellano Willielmo Dawns et Johanni Clerke heredibus et assignatis suis unam acram terre cum pertinenciis in Repingdon jacentem juxta Bromehille inter terram Roberti Fisher qui nunc tenet de Prioratu Sancte Trinitatis de Repingdon ex parte una et le more Siche ex parte altera Habendam et tenendam predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis predictis Rogero Willielmo et Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis libere quiete bene et in pace de Capitali domino feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consulta Et ego vero prefatus Radulphus et heredes mei predictam acram terre cum pertinenciis prefatis Rogero Willielmo et Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus et in perpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte me sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Willielmo Percy Lia DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. 17 Richardo Hunt Will’mo Baker Johanni Prest Johanni Laurenson et multis aliis Datum apud Repingdon predictam die Dominica post festum Sancti Johannis Baptiste anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie secundo. [ Zranslation. | Know all men present and to come that I Ralph Fisher of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to Roger Smythe chaplain William Dawns and John Clerke their heirs and assigns one acre of land with the appurtenances in Repton lying next Bromehille between the land of Robert Fisher (who now holds of the Priory of Holy Trinity of Repton) of the one part and the more Siche of the other part To have and to hold the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Roger William and and John their heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace of the chief lord of that fee by the services therefore due and of right accustomed And I the aforesaid Ralph and my heirs will warrant and defend the aforesaid acre of land with the appurtenances to the aforesaid Roger William and John their heirs and assigns against all people for ever. In witness whereof to this my present charter I have set my seal These witnesses : William Percy, Richard Hunt, William Baker, John Prest, John Laurenson and many others. Given at Repton aforesaid on Sunday after the feast of Saint John Baptist in the second year of the reign of King Edward the fourth after the Conquest. XVII. SCIANT presentes et futuri quod ego Radulphus Aleysaunder de Repyngdon dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Johanni Fraunceis de Fornewarke juniori Richardo Meysem de Repyngdon et Georgio Smythe de eadem unam peciam prati continentem dimidiam acram jacentem in Leyholme infra dominium de Repyngdon in quodam campo vocato Repingdon felde inter terram Willielmi Browne ex parti orientali et terram Mauricii Barkley militis ex parte occidentali et abuttantem super Potlock hege ex parte boriali et super le quarell poole ex parte australi Habendam et tenendam omnia (szc) predictam, peciam terre seu prati prefatis Johanni Richardo et Georgio heredibus et assignatis suis in perpetuum de Capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta ad usum predictorum Johannis Richardi [et] Georgii heredum et assignatorum suorum in perpetuum Et ego vero predictus Radulphus et heredes mei omnia (szc) predictam peciam terre seu prati prefatis Johanni Richardo Georgio heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus acquietabimus et in perpetuum defendemus per presentes ad usum predictum In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Will’mo Meysem Johanne Smythe Johanne Pratt Johanne Hunt et Rogero Bysshop et multis aliis Dat’ primo die mensis Aprilis anno regni Regis Henrici octavi vicesimo. 2 18 DEEDS IN THE PARISH CHEST OF ST. WYSTAN’S, REPTON. [ Translation. ] Know all present and to come that I Ralph Aleysaunder of Repton have given granted and by this my present charter confirmed to John Fraunceis of Fornewarke the younger Richard Meysem of Repton and George Smythe of the same one piece of meadow containing half an acre lying in Leyholme within the lordship of Repton in a certain field called Repton felde between the land of William Browne on the east part and the land of Maurice Barkley knight on the west part and abutting upon Port- lock hedge on the north part and upon the Quarell poole on the south part To have and to hold all the aforesaid piece of land or meadow to the aforesaid John Richard and George their heirs and assigns for ever of the chief lords of that fee by the services therefor due and of right accustomed to the use of the aforesaid John Richard [and] George their heirs and assigns for ever And I the aforesaid Ralph and my heirs all the aforesaid piece of land or meadow to the aforesaid John Richard [and] George their heirs and assigns will by these presents warrant acquit and defend against all people for ever to the use aforesaid In witness whereof to this my present charter I have set my seal These witnesses: William Meysem, John Smythe, John Pratt, John Hunt, and Roger Bysshop, and many others. Given the first day of the month of April in the twentieth year of the reign of King Henry the eighth. 19 Carved Panels from the Oly Wome of the Babingtons tw Derby. By Rev. CHARLES KERRY. LOVER, in his History of Derbyshire (Vol. ii., p. 521), states that in 1712 the ancient stone gateway of old Babington House was standing. “ This gateway was ornamented with the arms of Babington sculptured in stone, and supported by baboons upon tuns. Zhe hall was wainscotted with oak: on the panels were various devices, and baboons upon tuns carved thereon; the same being a play upon the name of Babington.” Six of these panels are now in the possession of the Rev. Charles Kerry. The first (Pl. I., No. 1) has a tree with three drooping branches on each side, each having a cluster of berries on a twisted stem, each leaf plain, and ending in a single point. The foot of the tree is inserted in a tun—plainly indicating a rebus. The stem of the tree is supported by two lions rampant, their noses being in con. tact in front of the stem ; their forelegs are placed on each other’s shoulders, as if in the act of embracing. The same device, but without the lions, also appears on two oak spandrels, taken from the old roof of Dethic Church, and still preserved there. This roof was erected by Sir Anthony Babington, Knight, about 1530. The following extract from the fourth volume of the Surrey Archeological Collections (p. 294) may serve © to throw some light upon this rebus. Mr. Charles Baily, in his remarks on timber houses, writes: ‘‘ Much painted glass, con- 20 CARVED PANELS FROM THE OLD HOME OF THE BABINGTONS. sisting of coats of arms, badges, and other figures, is still preserved in many of the windows at Sutton Place, near Guildford ; amongst which is a curious rebus of the Weston family, which was interpreted and explained for the first time by Mr. William Henry Black, F.S.A., upon the occasion of the visit of the members of the Surrey Archzeological Society on July 7, 1864. It appears also on many parts of the exterior, executed in terra cotta. It isavine leaf with a bunch of grapes in conjunction with a barrel or tun. Mr. Black reads it in Norman French—the grafes as UVES; the ‘UV’ in which is equal to ‘VV’ or ‘W,’ UVES thus becomes ‘WES,’ and the tonne or tun completes the name WESTON.” In this panel, however, the tree bearing the grapes or clusters is planted zz the tun—hence, according to this interpretation, we shall obtain the word WES-IN-TUN, or Wessington, the name of an adjoining township to Dethic. I can find no traces of an alliance of the Babingtons with the Wessington family, but the device may refer to some connection of the Dethics with a neighbouring family of this name, which alliance would naturally be perpetuated by the Babingtons as the heirs of the Dethic family. The second panel (Pl. I., No. 2) has a Phcenix rising from its ashes within a conventional wreath. The folding of the wreath above is probably not without its significance. The bird will imply resuscitation, and the wreath duration. The third panel (Pl. I., No. 3) is very interesting, and, taken with the first, corroborates unmistakably its Babington origin. At the top of the panel is the head of a baboon. In its mouth is a flute, dividing itself a little below the voice-hole (formed exactly like that of a child’s modern whistle) into two curved and diverging pipes, each showing five recorders or finger-holes. The pipe for the right hand has three above and two below. In the pipe for the left hand this order is reversed. These pipes, combined with pomegranates, form a sort of canopy to the principal compartment, which contains a cockatrice rampant, with three claws and a spur on each foot; its dragon-like tail is curved over from beneath. Whether the bird is intended to be rampant or “saltant,” I Race 4 Bile he ve ‘ASYSG ‘11VH G10 NOLONIGVE WOYS STANVWd HVO rs ASH3G '3N32> "4 “AdALONILY 10d = ~ ~~ ; nae ae LI AEV Td CARVED PANELS FROM THE OLD HOME OF THE BABINGTONS. 21 cannot say, but its lively attitude would lead one to suppose that it was not insensible to the strains of the piper above. The baboon with his pipe is clearly intended for Baboon ‘‘ tune,” or “tone,” a form of the family rebus which is most unusual. The fourth panel (PI. II., No. 1) has a bird of the wading family, with its long neck tied into a single knot. The wings are very short and the billlong. The feet (unwebbed) have each four long claws —three and one. The bird is enclosed in an oblong compartment by a plain moulding with Vandyke foliation on-the top and sides. From the treatment, this also may be intended fur a family device. The fifth (Pl. II., No. 2) has a common form of late Gothic panelling, with leaves for cusps. The sixth (P1. II., No. 3) has the bust of a laughing jester looking across his right shoulder. His dress consists of a conical shaped cap, the point of which falls behind the head and terminates ina globular perforated pendant. The cap is secured by a double cord passing round the head and forming the belt of a feathery crown. He wears a fine linen shirt, finely pleated round the neck into a plain punctured collar or band, probably fastened at the back. The collar of his jerkin is of fur, and of the most ample dimensions, rising from a point at the waist and completely covering the shoulders. From the amount of character depicted in the face, the prominent forehead, the bright piercing eye, the Roman nose, and the expressive mouth, there can be no doubt but that we have here a tolerably good portrait of a valued servant and favourite of the Babington household. 22 Hrubentory of Kobert Marples, 1676. By S. O. Appy, M.A. has been chosen as illustrative of the manner in which . the house of a Derbyshire country gentleman was Gia and furnished two centuries ago. The original document is in the Lichfield Probate Registry. Robert Marples, whose house and household goods are here described with some minuteness, was a man of considerable estate. He was descended from an ancient family, which was formerly seated at Holbeck Woodhouse, in the parish of Norton Cuckney, in the county of Notts. In 1533, Richard Marples of Holbeck Grange was, with the exception of Sir Wm. Pierrepont, the only freeholder and the largest landowner in Holbeck.* By the kindness of Earl Manvers I have had an opportunity of seeing many deeds and documents at Thoresby, to which Robert Marples was a party, affecting lands both in Derbyshire and in other counties. Upon any disposition of the family estates of the Pierreponts being made, his name generally appears as trustee. The inference seems to be that he was steward of the Earl’s estates. His family had, at least a century previous to the date of this inventory, been associated with the Pierreponts either as friends, retainers, or relations, and this connection continued down to the year 1716, when Richard Marples, of the city of London, gentleman, ‘‘ Receiver General” of the Dean and Chapter of St. *Survey Book of Sir Wm. Pierrepont, 1533, fees Earl Manvers. The land attached to the Grange was 129 acres. The other holdings were limited to 4 or’5 acres each. J nn a a INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. 23 Paul's, as trustee for the then Duke of Kingston, conveyed the Manor of Cromford in Derbyshire, to William Soresby, gentleman. It appears from Close Roll 1649 (part 52, number 39), that Robert Marples was living at Barlborough on the roth January, 1649. The Earl of Kingston was killed in the King’s service near Gainsborough in 1643. Probably, therefore, it was about that time that Robert Marples removed from Holbeck Wood- house to Barlborough.* It is certain that Robert Marples made no testamentary disposition of his lands, and there can be no doubt that they passed by settlement or deed of entail He died in August, 1676, and was buried at Barlborough on the 21st of that month. The manner in which some of these properties devolved may be gathered from the following notes of fines, passed a few years after his death. To understand the effect of a fine it must be re- membered that the plaintiffs are the purchasers or grantees of the land in question, and the defendants the vendors or grantors Fine Hil. 30 and 31 Car. I1., Derby (1679).—Between John Chambers, /Z/aintiff, and Edward Marples, William Marples, Robert Staniford, and Hannah his wife, defendants; of one cot- tage, 14 acres of land, 4 acres of meadow, 10 acres of pasture, and common of pasture in Barlborough. Fine Trin. 30 Car. 11., Derby (1679).—Between Andrew Clayton, gent., and John Greaves, clerk, plaintiffs, and William Marples and Ellen his wife, defendants ; of one messuage, 40 acres of land, to acres of meadow, 25 acres of pasture and common of pasture for all animals in Barlborough. — Fine Trin. 33 Cur. If, Derby (1682). Between John Chambers the elder, John Chambers the younger, and John Taylor, plaintiffs, and William Marples and Ellen his wife, John Roper and Elizabeth his wife, William Roper and Mary his wife, and George Kent and Ann his wife, defendants; of 30 acres of land in Bazlborough. fine Hil. 35 and 36 Car. 1/., Derby (1684.)—Between Ralph * By his will, dated 12 July, 1639, Robert Pierrepont, Earl of Kingston, gave to the said Robert Marples 100 marks. 24 INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. Heathcote, clerk, John Greaves, and Elihu Hodkyn, plaintiffs, and Francis Willoughby, gent., and Mary his wife, Robert Jarvis and Mary his wife, and Elizabeth Marples, spinster, defendants ; of one messuage, 30 acres of land, 3 acres of meadow, 28 acres of pasture, and common of pasture for all cattle in Barlborough. Fine Hil. 36 and 37 Car. I1., Derby (1685.)—Between John Renshawe, gent., Henry Bradley, and Francis Marples, plaintiffs, and Thomas Spencer and Elizabeth his wife, William Marples, John Heydon and Susan his wife, and Henry Lowe, defendants ; of one messuage, one garden, 22 acres of land, 2 acres of meadow, 3 acres of pasture, and of the r6th part of the Manor of Darleigh, and other premises in Darley, Bridzetown, Barlborough, and Staveley. Fine Trin. 2 Jac. II., Derby (1687.)—Between John Kirke, gent., plaintiff, and William Marples and Hellen his wife, defendants ; of premises in Barlborough. * Hannah Marples, widow and administratrix, died in November, 1676, and on the 20th March, 1685-6 William Marples, of Barl- borough, the eldest surviving son, took out letters of administration of the goods of Robert Marples, deceased, ‘‘ unadministered by Hannah Marples, his mother, likewyse deceased.” The surety to this bond was Francis Parkes, of Higham, co. Derby, gentleman. As, during the great rebellion, the Earl of Kingston was on the side of the Royalists, and was, indeed, slain in the service of the King, we may be sure that Robert Marples espoused the same cause, and it is a matter of history that most of those who followed the king suffered in their estate. A notable example of this, was Colonel Wm. Bullock, of Norton Hall, whose monument in the church of Norton declares how his estate was almost frittered away by the civil wars. I think it probable that the estate of Robert Marples suffered in the same way. At all events, it is not easy to understand upon any other supposition why, after his death, his family should have so soon sold their inheritance. *T have little doubt that, by the fine passed in 1687, the house in which Robert Marples lived was conveyed. Possibly this John Kirke was one of the Kirkes of Anston. ———e 7 rd i & INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. 25 William Marples, eldest surviving son of Robert, lived at Moorside, in the parish of Staveley, which adjoins Barlborough. His son, Samuel Marples, married, on the rith June, 1696, Margaret, daughter of Robert Wilson, of Ecclesall, near Sheffield, and George Jobson Marples, Esquire, of Brinkcliffe Tower, Ecclesall, and of the Inner Temple, barrister-at-law, is the heir- at-law of and the seventh in direct descent from the above-men- tioned Robert Marples, as appears by a pedigree of the family entered at the Heralds’ College. Marples is generally written Mapples or Maples in documents earlier than the 17th century. At this period the letter @ was universally sounded as the a@ in father now is, and in the Barlborough registers the name is written indifferently Marples, Mapples, or Marpulls. A True and perfect Inventorie of all the goodes and chatles of Robert Marples, late of Barlbrough, in the countie of Darbie, deceased, praised the sixtenth day of September, anzo regni regzs Caroli secund/ Angliae, &c. vicesime octavo annoque domzzz 1676 by us whose names are hereunto subscribed. ae eae e Imprim/s his purse and apparell Soa on S566 9S Goodes in the house.* Itm one landiront and Gallowbalke,{ one Recon- hooke,§ a paire of tonges, one fierpan, two Gi. 50: .o toosteing Irons, and one longe plate... i * The hall, or house-place. In farm-houses, to this day, the principal “Jiving-room,” situated between the parlour and the kitchen, is called the “house.” It is here analogous to the modern dining-room. The entrance ee to the greater and to the lesser manor house of this period was through is room. + Generally called andiron, but this is the older and better form, being derived from the French /’azdter. The andiron consisted ‘‘ of an iron bar, sustained horizontally at one end by an upright pillar or support, usually ornamented or artistically shaped, at the other bya short foot ; a pair of these, also called ‘five-dogs,’ being placed one at each side of the hearth, or fire-place, with the ornamental ends to the front, to support burning wood.” —AMurray’s Dict. = The iron bar in the chimney from which the reckan-hook was hung. § A crook, or hook, for suspending a posnet or other vessel over a fire. The Cath. Angl. has a rvekande. It is derived from the Icel. vekendr, a chain. See Notes and Queries, 6th S. xi., 157. 26 INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. On eee Itm One table Twoo seeled* chaires... sat Beis One turnedt chaire One chistet Five Buffet stooles§ One Dresser|| one smale forme e) ts (oe) os One paire of pistles ... ae aS One Barrell and some salte_.... ts Two Roopes of unwins and one hammer Foureteene pewter dishes foure saltes one cupp two sawcers one pewter botle two flagons eight pewter poringers two pewter plates, in weighte 93 pounds O° On (e) 1) oo Cl A 6-8 oh Gee ©. 10, ONG OUDO: -oy Gis o | onl ie} ° at rod. a pound in all — aot 3 li Ss Tenn glass botles ... a O- OES One Jacke** tipped with silver... sist . wo? Meeirre One silver flagontt foure silver spoones ... oe Be AS. One paire of snuffers two shealves with other husle- ments{{ ... ve Ss ae ote) NOL GRRE ets * Pannelled. ‘The wals of our houses . . . are see/ed with oke of our owne.”—Harrison’s England, ed. by Furnivall, part i., 235. + Turned by the turner’s wheel, or lathe. A remarkable chair of this kind was formerly in Hazelbarrow Hall, Norton. I may describe it as a great bundle of spindles. + Chest. CAzste occurs in Havelock the Dane, 220. Lat. césta. § The Prompt. Parv. has “ bofet, a thre fotyd stole.” Buffet is still used for a stool in Derbyshire. | “ Dressar where meate is served out at.’—Palsgrave. ‘‘ Dressour or bourde whereupon the cooke setteth forth his dishes in order.” —Huloet’s Aécedarium, 1552. Our modern sideboard may be compared with it. In the Boke of Curtasye, ed. Furnivall, 1868, p. 195, the clerk of the kitchen is thus directed : At dressour also he shalle stonde, And sett forth mete dresset with honde. { Onions. As the word is derived from the Lat. zzonem, acc. of znzo, this may have been the old pronunciation. Iremember a man at Cold Aston being called Onion, though his real name was Unwin. ** A leathern drinking vessel. A vessel of this kind, made of dark leather, tipped with silver, and called a ‘‘ black jack,” was exhibited, amongst other specimens of ancient art, in the Sheffield Cutlers’ Hall, in 1885. 4+ The value of this silver flagon, probably an heirloom, should be noted. It will appear below that 25 sheep are valued at £5. It was probably a large two-handled ‘cup, like the sconce-tankards used in the colleges of Oxford. +t Small articles of furniture. The Cath. Angi. has ‘‘ an hustylmentt, supellex, supellectile, ulensile,” Long notes on the word will be found both in the Prompt. Parv. and the Cath. Angl. INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. 27 In the kitchen. One londiron* one fire pan and tonges one paire of frogest ... awd Bee aia ioe Gt FZ 0 One paire of Cobironst four spitts two drippen panns 0 07 0 One smothen iron§ and other old iron Gos "6 Sixe Brasse potts 2° OL oO Five Brass pannes_... we a 2 ee Two dozen of Napkins bein Hugabacks|| ro EE One dozen more of Hugabacks & 1 dozen & five napkins of Diber .. wad ath i o28 Eighte linnen pillowbeeres** o 06 o Nyne table clothes... ve Bes baPitoLvo Foure towels and foure cupbordcloths tt... Soe OL 20S. 10 Thirteene linnen sheets and one paire of hepa SHeetes ... wo ee aed pat) 2 bay G One table & a fourme one cupboard ae a) Bt ik One Greate Brewen tubb a oe 3 65 (0 One fire pann 6b onl" 6 One penn Bowkett four kitts§§ two bowles one truncke one dish cradle one syle|||| six piggons“!{! one Brass Morter one Iron pestle & three dozen of trenches*** 0 09 0o * See dandiron above. + I donot understand this word. Possibly it means the irons upon which the tongs, &c., rested. { The irons by which the spit is supported.—Ha//iwell, § A flat-iron for ‘‘ ironing ” or smoothing linen, etc. \| Huckaback, a coarse kind of linen. §] Diaper. ** Pillowcases. The word occurs in Chaucer as pilwe-bere. Palsgrave has - **pyllowe bere, Zaye doretilier.” tt “A cupboard-cloth or carpet. Tafes.”—Baret’s Alvearie, 1580. _‘* Cup- board or dresser. Abacus.”—Huloet’s Abcedarium, 1552. ‘* A cupboarde to set plate upon.” —Cooper’s Thesaurus, 1573. A cupboard was a small table upon which bread and wine were placed ; a table forcups tostandon. ‘‘ Cup- bordes layde with carpettes and cuysshyns.”—Zhe Boke of Keruinge, p. 169. Ed. by Mr. Furnivall for the Early English Text Soc., 1868. tt ‘* Bouke, a pail.” —Halliwell. §§ ‘A wooden vessel.”—Halliwell. Still in use, I hear, as a wooden pail, with one handle, for holding milk. ||| A strainer, or sieve, for milk. ‘‘ A mylke syle. Colatorium.”? Cath. Ang. I] “Small wooden vessels, made in the manner of half barrels, and having one stave longer than the rest for a handle.” —Halliwell. *** Trenchers. 28 INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. One brandiron* two lead panns one chaire one old kimble+ with other huslements} ae An. * 0) ene In the Chamber over the kitchen. Itm two kimbles O (Ove One pair of Iron Racks o 06 8 One Stryke § date sie Oo: Om ES One close stoole pott and three scutles || ... see.) KO ORME In the New House. 4 Two tables and one fourme _.... oa a) Oo aa) One livery table** one Deske one seeledtt chaire... 0 08 oO Three Turned chaires one truncke oO o5F 10 One Green carpit_... ae 6 ‘067% One Rapert}% O “oped A Libry of Books 3) abies In the Well Parlours One stand bed with the beding on it being one feather bead two boulsters two pillowes two blankets one Rugg and one paire of sheetes Lio) BR Gamers * ‘¢Brandiron, or posnet. Chytra.” LBaret’s A/vearie, 1580. + A brewing vessel. The Promf¢. Parv. has ‘‘ Kymlyne or Kelare, vesselle. Cunula.” ‘Vhe word is found in Chaucer. Halliwell gives Aembing, a brew- ing vessel, asa Lincolnshire word. In Cath. Angel. the word appears as “‘a kymnelle, amzla.” Mr. Herrtage, in his note to the Cath., describes the word as meaning ‘‘a large tub, made of upright staves, hooped together in the manner of acask. They are used for salting meat in, for brewing, and such like purposes.” + See previous Note. § ‘*Stryke, to give measure by, voz/et a mesurer.”—Palsgrave. | A. .S., scw¢el, a dish, or bowl. In Baret’s Alvearie, 1580, is ‘‘scuttle, sportula.” {| Evidently the Library. ** © A livery,” says Way (Prompt. Parv., 308), ‘‘ denotes whatever was dis- pensed by the lord to his officials or domestics annually, or at certain seasons ; whether money, victuals, or garments.” Halliwell gives ‘‘a livery cupboard,” g.v. The Cath. Angi. has “lyveray of mete.” +t See previous Note. tt Rapier ? §§ Probably so called from its. proximity to a draw-well. Within a few feet of the window of an oak-panelled room of a house at Cold Aston, in Dronfield parish, called Ockley Hall, was a deep draw-well. INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. 29 Sy od: One half headed bed with the beding one feather bed = one paire of blankets one bed hillinge* one paire of sheetes one boulster one paire of curtaines ... I 10 One Chiste ie ae Be fay or (08 One Livery table one deske one paire of tables one eanpit . ... a 4a Ay sen TOM OBO In the ould mans chamber One seelde bedsteade one boulster two pillowes three coverlets one feather bead one paire of blankets one paire of curtaines os “i fe aH Fa Two chistes one little table ae sas we OF Ge In the Well Chamber One seeled bed one featherbed on it, one bouister one paire of sheetes one blanket one Rugge .... + 3 +00 oO Two chists one covert chaire ... a wae OMG RING Two little boxes one lookeing glass with other huslements ag exe ea ae 1) LORS ©2006 Ln the servantes parlour One beadstead one featherbead one pair of Sheetes two blankets two coverlets and one boulster ... I 15 oO One cloose stoole three shelves three Buffet fourmes one plancke with other huslements ... sack) Gs OR, 6 Ln the sellour One Guyle fattt three loomes three barrels one soet one piggen one tunndish§ with other huslements 1 “qe a Ln the New Chamber One bedstead one feather bed on it and one boulster 2 00 Six chaire frames three buffet frames... to Gael One childe chare with other huslements ... itn One OTeERO * Covering. + A wort tub; the tub in which the liquor ferments.—alliwell. ~ “°A large tub, holding from twenty to thirty gallons, and carried by two men on a stang, or pole, is called a so.”—Halliwell. Palsgrave has ‘‘soo, a vessel, ce.” In ‘*‘ Wright’s Vocabularies” is ‘‘¢iza, a soe.” ‘“‘ Tina, a great bolle which beyng full of wine every man might drinke as he would.” § A wooden funnel through which liquor is poured into casks. 30° INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. ZL Saad Ln the Deary Itm two chearnes Oo O56 Two flesh kitts Ou C4mEO One cheese tubb ©. e@atire Five Butter potts o or 6 Two Bowles two trunckes 0 - O20 Foure Dressors as op © One plate of leade & one grater* oe 24 (Opoznre One cleaver ove ie °o 00 6 One voidert with other huslements 0 168, 16 In the Entry One large cupboard nee bee i) 2 One peazehooket & three pikeforks i 4 * Wain, wagon. 3 eae iron hoops by which cart wheels are bound. More frequently written strake. t Acorn bin. The Prompt. Parv, has ‘‘ bynge. Theca, cumera.” § The bars from which horses eat hay, etc. || I do not understand this. 4] Dray, or sledde, which goeth without wheeles.”—Aaret. Generally used for carrying ploughs to the field. 32 INVENTORY OF ROBERT MARPLES. ZL Svar: ‘Two stand Heckes* : © ©3 0 One Oxeharrowt & two horse harrows rope nates fo) Three ladders ©) {ORO Three ploughs & the irons Yr e0no In the Beaste housses One shelve waine copp{ three boardes one wean shealven and one litle sled... site sos) ON Rename Two pair of wean shealvins one swath rake one carte peece and other huslements there on HKG? 6 Hempe Sy OnnOd AO Tymber and other Ron 2 “Os. A One grindlestonn§... o -eF, 6 One myllston Be sie a ©. “O0L 10 Foure yoks|] & two teames and a pair of lanes] 0. So Two wean ropes OF 1e2)\o Three sives one mault shovell ... 6 ORL 6 One window sheete and 3 sacks o' (eg Pio In the Barne Wheate and Barley ... $55 — 2 Sartre Pease and oates eae nea .as | 2Gy eae ie For Hay in the Barne and apie oak i. TEOW CRE oe Five acre of Barley earth “ee 3 sais (OR Cr Eaae Eleaven acre of Fallowes ahr 2) WARES @ Eight geese 4 hens 1 cocke and one ee with all other huslemt. whatsoever... or 26. SG) at es The whole sume ... th 205 igs se William Johnson Thomas Chambers ; prisers George Machen Joseph Drue * Four-sided racks in a farm-yard. + Ploughing was at this time, and for many years afterwards, done by oxen. + Top. § Grindstone; Cf. Grindleford Bridge, near Hathersage. \| Yokes. (?) 4] Perhaps whipping lines for guiding oxen in ploughing. ** By this inventory a cow is valued at £3. Assuming that £22 is now the average price, the total sum represents nearly £2,000 of our money. 4 PLATE.III. sx = Zz pw =N = ANCIENT PAINTED GLASS. MORLEY GHURCH Mi f» MAK 33 Painted Glass tv Morley Church, Derbyshire. By GEORGE BAILEY. (Concluding Notice.) fe ESIDES the St. Ursula window, of which a notice ap- ' | peared in this journal last year, there are two others, ) ~of which we now give coloured drawings. Plate III. is from the window in the east end of the south aisle ; it has been a three-light window, but one bay is blocked out by a monu- ment. The two lights remaining are fitted with early xsth century glass. It will be observed that the architectural’ orna- ments, which form a frame to the figures of St. Elizabeth and St. Peter, are massive, and that there is enough shading to give it relief. The glass, on which this part is painted, is clear white ; but the blue and ruby are coloured glass, the shading being painted upon them. Now, in the case of the St. Ursula window (Plate IX., Vol. viii.), and in the other plate attached to this article, the way in which the framework was painted is quite different ; there is no shading at all, the crocketed tabernacle framework is only a yellow outline stain on white glass, which has a pleasant silvery shimmer very agreeable to the eye, and admitting a great deal of light. This stain is not found earlier than the latter part of the 15th century. It was discovered by Jacques Lallemand, of Ulm. His discovery is called miraculous. He died on the roth October, 1491, aged 80 years.* * See L’Art Monumental, par L. Batissier, p. 658. 3 : 34 PAINTED GLASS IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. In the canopy work of the window now under notice, yellow is used ; but not in the same way as in those to which reference has just been made. It is used on the chamfers and in the recessed parts only. There is, in the east window of the choir of York Minster, canopy work very similar to that in Plate III. It was painted by John Thornton, of Coventry, in 1405.* This would fix the date very early in the r£5th century. We will now turn to the figures. St. Elizabeth is not by any means an elegant figure, being rather short. She is represented wearing gloves, and has a closed book in her right hand. Her dress, seen below the blue mantle, is richly embroidered, and she wears white shoes. She stands on a handsomely decorated dais. In the compartment below the figure are some persons in the attitude of supplication. Three of them are females in black dresses and black hoods; the bodies of the dresses are cut low, and show an under-dress of yellow, which appears to be embrot- dered ; a very elegant necklace completes the costume, the pendant jewels from which nearly cover the breast. The male persons wear long blue coats, with a girdle, to which is attached a yellow purse ; they wear yellow hose and have yellow hair; their shoes are white. These costumes appear to be such as were worn during the Tudor period. It has been suggestedt that this window may be a memorial to John Sacheverell, who was killed at Bosworth Field, 1485; but this does not agree with his brass which is on the wall near by. On it are five girls and three boys, and the dresses are not quite the same. The other light has a figure of St. Peter; the same shortness will be noticed in him. He wears a ruby robe and a white under dress, which is richly embroidered. From the third and fourth fingers of his right hand hang the keys, and he supports an open book with both hands, though the left is not visible. His hair is yellow: “ His hed was crolle and yellow the hair ”—evidently a favourite colour of hair. * See Poole and Hugall’s History, p. 98. + Churches of Derbyshire, Vol. iv., Pp. 344- PLATE.IV. A Ea _ oP a aN t, oe IN \ a ‘i BS is — ice oat a a i Le a iy Ni “a — it ae mld AN ihe nia e A y (\ AES ANCIENT PAINTED GLASS. MORLEY CHURCH. PAINTED GLASS IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. 35 We now take the remaining three-light window (Plate IV.). Itis complete, and presents a much more cheerful and harmonious ap- pearance than that which we have just described. It is rather over- done with blue,—a fine colour, but apt to give a sombre appearance where there is too much of it. In the centre-light of this window are pictured the four evangelists writing on scrolls, each seated at a desk, and accompanied by his emblem. All the evangelists have wings. St. Mark wears a curious cap, or bonnet. All have long yellow hair, and St. Matthew has a beard. The scrolls have been broken, what remains of the inscriptions appears to be :— St. Mark, iftis; St. Luke, in big binis; St. Matthew, rami Itt c i filix ; St. John, xpr complens oia. We will now take the glass in the bay to the right of the Evangelists. In it are portraitures of St. William of York, and St. John of Bridling- ton. The former was Archbishop of York from 1144 to 1147, in which year he was deprived ; but in the year 1153 he was restored, and remained until his death in 1154; he is said to have been poisoned with the sacrament. Butler denies this; but it is so | associated in an anthem sung on the feast of his translation, Jan. 7th, which is in the York Breviary. He is said to have done many miracles during his life, as well as after his death, which took place on the 4th June, 1154. ‘‘ His body gave the usual sign of sanc- tity, distilling a healing oil” (Poole and Hugull’s Aistory, p. 42). He was canonized in 1226 by Pope Nicholas. He was succeeded by Roger, whose portrait is seen in the other bay on the left of the Evangelists ; he became Archbishop on roth October, 1154. About this time there was much objection raised as to subjection to the See of Canterbury, the Archbishops of York asserting their independence. Roger, who appears to have been a man of con- siderable spirit, took a rather curious method of asserting his in- dependence. “For, being cited to attend a Council at West- minster (1176) before Hugo, the Pope’s Legate, a seat was designed for the York Metropolitan on the left of that personage, one for Richard, the Archbishop of Canterbury, being placed on the right. Roger, indignant at this arrangement, endeavoured to intrude him- self between the Legate and Richard ; but the latter not giving 36 PAINTED GLASS IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. way, the Metropolitan of York sat in the Archbishop of Canter- bury’s lap. The Bishops present were amazed, and remonstrated in vain, whereupon Richard’s servants dragged Roger from his resting place, stamped on him, beat him with their fists, and tore to rags his Episcopal vestments ; whereon the Legate and the Archbishop of Canterbury departed the place, leaving Roger pros- trate on the ground.”* Roger complained of his ill usage to King Henry II., but that monarch only went into convulsions of laughter, and an appeal to Rome succeeded no better. He was a great benefactor to York Cathedral. St. William, his predecessor, does not appear to have done much for his Cathedral during his life, but after his canonization, great revenues resulted from the num- bers of pilgrims who frequented his shrine; and Archbishop Walter Gray appears to have made good use of them in adding to the Church. - The Prior of Bridlington, who is represented on the same com- partment with St. William, died on the roth October, 1379. An account of his life may be found in Butler’s Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Principal Saints, as well as of St. William ; but St. William’s successor, Roger, is passed by with the remark that he was an “unworthy man.” How these three Yorkshire ecclesiastics came to be associated together in a remotely situated Derbyshire Church, may, we think, be gathered from the following facts:—-We learn from Butler,t that St. William “was the son of Earl Herbert, and Emma, sister to King Stephen.” The Fitzherberts of Norbury were connected by marriage with the lords of Morley.{ Nicholas Fitzherbert, of Morley, married‘ Alice, the daughter of Henry Bothe, of Arles- ton, co. Derby; Nicholas died in 1473. Henry Statham, of Morley, married Anne Bothe, daughter of Thomas Bothe, of Barton, co. Lancaster; Henry died 1480. The Bothe family gave two Archbishops to York ; firstly, William, from 1453-64, and secondly, Laurence Bothe, 1476-80. From these intermar- * See Acts of the Church, p- 44, by J. W. Joyce, M.A. Whittaker, 1886.. + Lives of the Saints, Vol. V1., p. 155. _t See Churches of Derbyshir 2) VolvVe, ps 344. PAINTED GLASS IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. 37 riages, it is not difficult to perceive how these Yorkshiremen came to be represented in the Morley glass. We notice in passing that the title of Saint is not given to William in the glass, but to Roger, and that whilst William bears the crozier with a cross, usually indicating an Archbishop, Roger bears a crozier, or pastoral staff. The dress of each (a cope) is the same, differing only in colour, one being red the other green ; both wear gloves, and a ring, though not on the same hand or finger. To the mitre of Roger are attached the pendant bands called vit/e or ansule, which are absent from that of William. There are four shields in the upper part of the windows :—rst, azure, a lion rampant, argent, Estaferen; 2nd, gules three lozenges, argent, Statham; 3rd, quarterly 1 and 4 Statham, 3 and 4 Morley, avgenz, a lion rampant sad/e, crowned or ; 4th, Okeover, argent, a bend sadle, on a chief gules, 3 bezants, or. Since writing the article on the Saint Ursula window (Vol. VIII., plate 9), we have ascertained that there is a figure of the saint in a window of the north aisle of the choir of Winchester Cathedral, placed there by Bishop Fox, in the 16th century, the head of which is gone, but the lower part of the figure remains. She bears an arrow in each hand. There have been originally ten kneeling figures of her companions, but only six remain. A coloured drawing of this glass may be seen in Weales’ Quarterly Fapers, Vol. IV. This paper concludes our remarks on the Morley glass, the whole of which has now been figured. The St. Robert of Knares- borough, and the finding of the Cross by St. Helena, are in the History of Morley Church, and the remaining three in this Journal. We were glad to see on a recent visit to Morley that the old church -has fallen into hands that care for it ; the glass had been cleaned from dust and cobwebs; rubbings had been taken of the numerous brasses, and placed so that visitors could acquaint themselves with them by means of cards on which names and dates were given ; and a concise history could be gathered with- out the fuss of a beadle or any other person to show the place ; 38 PAINTED GLASS IN MORLEY CHURCH, DERBYSHIRE. happily in these days this can be safely done without risk of damage. We believe, also, that contributions, towards the repairs necessary from time to time, may be deposited in a small chest placed for the purpose. A visitors’ book is also placed for any who wish to record their names and date of visit. This appears to us an excellent plan, which might be adopted in many other churches with advantage. The sizes of the lights in the St. Elizabeth and St. Peter window are 4 ft. 7 in. by 1 ft. 3 in., and those in the three-light window 5 ft. 3 in. by 1 ft. 7 in. [Mr. Bailey has given us leave to express a doubt whether the St. Roger of Plate IV. can be the Archbishop of that name; for we do not believe that Archbishop Roger of York was ever canonised ; nor does it seem to us at all likely that an archbishop of the date of this glass would be repre- sented with a mere pastoral staff, especially when St. William, in the same window, has a crozier. Surely it must represent some sainted bishop of the name of Roger. St. Roger, Bishop of London, who died in 1241, was the suggestion we made in Churches of Derbyshire (vol. iv., p. 344); perhaps it is not a very likely surmise, but at present no better one suggests itself.—ED.] @Onu a Cromlech formerly standing on Rtber Hl, Matlock, tn the County of Derby. By BENJAMIN BRYAN. LTHOUGH I have not, for a number of years, resided within my native county of Derby, I have constantly availed myself of opportunities of learning all I could about it through the media of such books as I could command. In this way, I have, I daresay, acquired as much information as to points of interest and the antiquities of the county as is possessed by the average Derbyshire man. Nevertheless, it came upon me as a revelation when I read, some two years ago, in the well-illus- trated little “ Journey Book of England—Derbyshire,” published by Charles Knight and Co., in 1841 (p. 39), that a monument of antiquity of the most interesting kind, situate within the boun- daries of the parish of Matlock, had been thrown down and partially destroyed. The passage to which I particularly refer runs as follows :— “ Riber, two miles from Matlock, is, or rather was, a spot of considerable interest to the antiquarian. In Bray’s ‘Tour in Derbyshire,” published in 1783, there is a description of a Crom- lech here, which resembled the Logan Stone of Cornwall. These Cromlechs are the vestiges of our remotest British ancestors, and usually consisted of a large stone placed in the manner of a table, but in an inclined position, upon other stones set up on end. They are supposed by some of our antiquarians to be the remains of altars used for idolatrous worship. This monument of super- stition no longer exists, having been broken to build stone fences.” 40 ON A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL. Having read this—the concluding passage, I may remark, not without pangs of regret—I became anxious to know more particu- larly what this Cromlech was like, and Pilkington’s ‘‘ View of Derbyshire” (1789), being the handiest book of reference at the time, I searched its pages in order to see what was there recorded. My reward was a very meagre one. All Pilkington has to say about these remarkable stones is this :— ‘©On the hill called Riber is what has been deemed by some a Druidical altar. I have been told that it is a very large stone with a bason upon it.”’ (Vol. II., p. 312.) Tt will have been observed that the authority quoted by Knight in the ‘‘ Journey Book,” is Bray’s “ Tour,’ a book which, being lately at the British Museum, I took the opportunity of consulting. Bray’s book bears date 1783, and the tenour of his record clearly implies that he saw the remarkable structure under notice, so that up to his time it was perfect and complete. I have made a copy of his statement in regard to it, which runs as follows :— “ On the top of the hill called Riber, which is above the church [z.e., the old parish church of Matlock], is a stone said to have been formerly a rocking stone, called in Cornwall a Logan Stone ; but it is not movable now ; it has a round hole in the top, exactly resembling one which Dr. Borlase in his ‘ Antiquities of Cornwall,’ has given the plans of—plate xi., fig. 4. It is not very large, and is placed on two other stones” (p. 129). I had been most anxious to trace a sketch of the very Riber stone itself; but, unfortunately, knew of no illustrated History of Derbyshire, of a sufficiently early date to contain it. If there be any such work, I shall be extremely glad to learn the fact. In the meantime, as the next best thing, I went to Borlase’s book, and there I found, as indicated by Mr. Bray, the plate of what, according to him, is a Logan Stone resembling that formerly upon Riber hill. A tracing of this plate, with the printed description of it (also from Borlase) is attached hereto. (See postscript.) I have made an effort to trace, by means of the available books bearing on the locality, the latest date at which the Cromlech on Riber remained entire, and the result of my research will be found ON A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL. 41 set out below. In the section relating specially to Derbyshire in “The Beauties of England and Wales” (London, 1803), there occurs the following passage :— *©On the eminence above the [parish] church, called Riber hill, are the remains of what has been supposed a Druidical altar, but which has more resemblance to a Cromlech ; tho’ it may probably have only been intended as a point for the transmittal of signals. It is called Hirst Stones, and consists of four rude masses of grit- stone, one of which, apparently the smallest, is placed on the others, and is computed to weigh about two tons. On the upper stone is a circular hole, six inches deep and nine in diameter, wherein 50 years ago stood a stone pillar” (p. 505). I must confess to having grave doubts as to the accuracy of this “pillar” story. The fact that the earlier records make no mention of such a thing asa pillar goes a long way towards dis- crediting any such supposition as that one ever existed. The name of “the Hirst Stones,” it may also be remarked, appears here for the first time. I do not profess to have exhausted all the authorities, but I have taken note of what appeared to be the chief. I come now to **Rhodes’s Peak Scenery’’ (London, 1822). At page 116, Part III. of this elegant work, I find the following observations :— “In our walk to Matlock [v/é@ Starkholmes] we passed along the side of a hill to Riber Top, where there is a singular collec- tion of stones, supposed to have been originally a Druidical altar; some antiquaries say a Cromlech, which appears more probable ; they are called Hirst Stones, and are not unworthy of a visit, since those who feel no interest in these ancient relics will be amply repaid for the toil and trouble of ascending this eminence by the prospect it commands.” My next authority is my last. The following quotation is ex- tremely useful, inasmuch as it indicates with considerable exactitude the precise situation which was occupied by these remarkable stones when perfect. It is from ‘“‘The Matlock Companion,” printed at Duffield, in 1835, by A. Jewitt, who was also, I believe, its most intelligent author. Mr. Jewitt writes as follows :— 42 ON A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL. “ Leaving Matlock [Town] by a road a little above the church, Riber Hill is seen rising to the clouds on the left hand. On the brow of this hill, and nearly two miles above Matlock, our British forefathers erected one of those stupendous monuments, a Tohnen, Cromlech, or something of the same nature. It is mentioned by Mr. Bray as much resembling a Cornish Logan Stone described by Dr. Borlase. Till within these few years, this stone has re- mained entire, though unnoticed by modern tourists. The land on which it stood has passed into other hands; a new tenant has got possession of the farm, and this monument of antiquity has been broken up to mend his fences or repair his house. The large stone which formed the base still remains almost entire, and in all probability will be suffered to remain so for years, for it forms part of the wall of the field. It is situated near the barn, a little to the right of the fir plantation at the northern brow” (p. 35). The fir plantation here referred to still remains, and Mr. Jewitt indicates the situation of the Cromlech with so much particularity that I felt sure that whenever I was enabled to visit the spot, which I thought I had identified exactly on the Ordnance map, I should find the site of the Cromlech at once. In August last I ascended Riber Hill and sought the stone ; but so far as I could trace, the hope expressed in the above extract that the rock which formed the base would be ‘‘ suffered to remain for years,” had not been fulfilled. In short, I was unable to find even the lower part of the monument in anything like its pristine form, and my fear is that it has been further mutilated until it bears no longer any resemblance to its former self. Since J ewitt’s time, Riber Castle has been built, and the stone used in its erection, or some of it, has been obtained from a quarry which lies on the north-east side of the building. On the further side of this quarry from the Castle, runs, at a right angle with the wall bounding the fir plantation on its south-east side, a stone fence. At a point about half-way along the quarry side, the stratum of gritstone evidently cropped out at the surface, precisely in the line of the wall, of which it must literally have formed part. This outcropping piece of rock was, I believe, the base of the ancient stone monument about which I ON A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL. 43 am writing; but it has been removed. That this removal has been effected within some recent period is evidenced by the fact that the wall has never been thoroughly repaired at the spot where the rock clearly cropped up. I cannot help thinking that the great regret which I felt on making this discovery will be felt by all who take an interest in the ancient monuments and archzo- logical remains of the county. POSTSCRIPT. ' Rough Sketch (with description) of fig. 4, pl. xi., The Logan Stone, in St. Agnes Island, Scilly. From Borlase’s “ Antiquities of Cornwall” :— AaN) FEN \ y= DRI Baik “There is a very remarkable stone of this kind on the island of St. Agnes, in Scilly. The under rock is 1o feet 6 inches high, . and 47 feet in circumference round the middle, and touches the ground with no more than half its base. The upper rock rests on 44 ON A CROMLECH FORMERLY STANDING ON RIBER HILL. one point only, so nicely that two or three men with a pole can move it. It is 8 feet 6 inches high, and 47 feet in girth. On the top is a large bason, 3 feet 11 inches in diameter (at a medium), at the brim wider, and 3 feet deep. By the globular shape of this upper stone, I guess that it has been rounded by art, at least ; if it was not placed on the hollow surface of the rock it rests upon by human force, which to me appears not unlikely.” (p. 181.) [In July, 1866, I had a conversation with two old cottagers on Riber about the missing Cromlech. Both of them, one aged 80 and the other 84, well remembered the stones when standing, and said that they were destroyed when a new line of fence was made. The older of my informants described its appearance as something like a big cottage loaf, a description which can not inaptly be applied to the Scilly Logan Stone. He further spoke of the hole in the top stone, and said that when children they often clambered up and filled the cup, which had always water in it, with spring or summer flowers. This same cavity he described as being drilled deeper and filled with gun- powder to effect the destruction of the upper stone.—ED.] * 45 Hotes on the AVanors of Kivk Langley and SMevuell Langley. [From THE MSS, oF THE LATE GODFREY MEYNELL ; COMPILED circa 1830.|* MEYNELL LANGLEY. JHE earliest record I can find relative to King’s or Kirk Langley is in Domesday Book; it was then part of the possessions of Ralf, the son of Hubert; and Mr. Wolley of Matlock is inclined to think that it be- longed to the Meynells at a very early period. By this survey it appears that—“ Levenot has four carucates of land, there are to the geld six carucates of land, there is in demesne one carucate, and two villains and four bordars have two carucates; there is a wood where cattle may graze, one mile long and three furlongs broad, and a small underwood ; in the time of Edward the Con- fessor worth one hundred shillings, now only forty shillings.” At the compiling of Domesday Book, Langley does not appear to have been held under Ralf Fitz Hubert by Robertus; but in the certificate given by Hubert Fitz Ralf, 12 Henry II, 1146, of the Knights’ fees held of him, Robertus de Maisnell is mentioned as holding five of those Knights’ fees of old feofment, which at least refers to the time of Henry I., 1108. Langley appears to have been one of Ralf Fitz Hubert’s manors at the time Domesday Book was compiled, but it is mentioned to have been then held in demesne ; it is not improbable, however, that it was soon after * Permission to print these Notes has been kindly given by his grandson, the present Mr. Godfrey Meynell, of Meynell Langley. 46 THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY, \ granted to Robert de Maisnell, or one of his ancestors, and formed a part of those five Knights’ fees above-mentioned, and that it afterwards became the property of a younger son, who was the ancestor of the Meynells of Meynell Langley. Dugdale, in his Warwickshire, p. 798, says that Philippa Savage was the wife of Hugh de Meinell, of Langley Meynell, in Derbyshire, where their chief seat was ; and this refers to the time of Edward I., for he died in the 13th year of that king’s reign. Thus far we have traced the manor of Meynell Langley in the possession of the Meynells from Henry I.’s time, r108. In the year 1268, Sir William Meynell, of Langley, was a great benefactor to the religious house at Yeaveley.* In 1285, Lord Hugh de Meynell resided at Langley, according to Dugdale, page 798, and his son William resided here, and died 7 Edward II., 1314 ;+ his son, Hugh de Meinel, was a Baron of Parliament, 1 Edward III., and Barnes says that he was with Edward III. at the battle of Cressy, and that Lord Hugh de Meinel and several other nobles were taken prisoners at Mants.[ The next in succession was Richard Meynell; he died 33 Edward III., and, from the authority of Barnes, was at the battle of Poictiers. In this king’s reign there were two gallant esquires of England slain, Richard Meynell and William Muswell; he might be son of the former. The next possessor was Ralf de Meynil; he died ro Richard IL., 1376. Ralf de Meynil left four daughters:—Joan, who was married (1) to John Staunton, of Staunton Harold, (2) to Sir Thomas Clinton Knt.; Elizabeth, te William Crawshaw; Margaret, to John Dethick, of Newhall; and Thomasine, to Reginald Dethick.§ Sir John Dethick, in right of his wife, about 1458, became possessed of Meynell Langley, but he died without issue male, and his estate at Meynell Langley devolved upon his only daughter, Margaret, who married Ralf Bassett, of Blore. William Bassett, his son, married Alice, daughter of * Dugdale’s Monasticon, vol. ii., p. 546. + Vide Extinct Peerage. + Barnes’ History of Edward I/I., pp. 804, 810. § Vide Erdeswick’s Staffordshire. THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. 47 Robert Moston, of Peckleton, co. Leicester ; he died 1456, and William, his son and heir, married Joan, the daughter and co- heiress of Richard Byron; William was his son and heir, whose father died 1498, and he, the son, married Elizabeth, the daughter of Thomas Meverel,.of Throwley, and died in 1506. William, his son, married Isabel, daughter of Robert Cokayne, and died in 1553. William Bassett was his son and heir, and the last pos- sessor male of this estate ; he married (1) Elizabeth, the daughter of Anthony Fitzherbert, and (2) the daughter of Thomas Austen, afterwards Lady Corbett; he died 44 Elizabeth, 1602, and left Elizabeth Bassett, his daughter by his second wife, his heiress. Elizabeth Bassett was married to William, Duke of Newcastle, whose fortune was spent in the service of King Charles I., for he raised a regiment of horse at his own expense and maintained them ;* she died young, but left a son. This estate was then seized by the Protector Cromwell, and great dilapidation of the woods ensued ; and I apprehend the many charcoal hearths now visible in Meynell Langley were in consequence of the great falls of timber at that period. When Charles II. returned, this estate was restored to the family, but the finances of the Duke were so far exhausted that it was found necessary to sell this and other estates,f and he and his son conveyed Kirk and Meynell Langley (but not the advowson) to Richard Meynell ; the purchase-money for the two manors was £12,524 11s. 6d., a sum that now would scarcely purchase a farm ; I think Isaac Meynell, another brother, also joined in the purchase. This Richard Meynell ¢ was the * It is stated by the Duchess of Newcastle that the loss sustained by the Duke from the Civil Wars rather surpassed than fell short of £733,579. Vide his life, and Walpole’s Royal and Noble Authors, vol. ii., p. 17. + Ihave in my possession an old rent-roll of all the estates of the Duke that were intended for sale ; the date 1670.—G. M. t Vide an old MS. in my possession, written by Thomas Meynell, rector of Langley, of which the following is a copy :— **In answer to any malicious person that shall suggest that Meynell of Willington is not of the family of the Meynells formerly of Meynell Langley, I say that we have the same coat of arms allowed us in all Visitations that Sir Hugh Meynell had, and in particular my late father, Godfrey Meynell, Esq., at one of these Visitations, I think 31 Charles I. (according to the account Sir Simon Degg gives of it), had the same coat of arms allowed him, and so had his father, 1618, and I have heard my father say that he was placed at dinner 48 THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. sixth son of Godfrey Meynell, of Willington, in the county of Derby, and was a descendant of the Meynells formerly of Langley, as may be seen in the pedigree in the Herald’s College, and by the pedigree entered by his father, Godfrey, 1618, and by his monument in St. Dunstan’s, in East London. The same coat of arms was allowed him that Sir Hugh Meynell had in 1285—viz., Vaire, argent and sable. He died a bachelor, and Isaac, his brother, the seventh son, became possessed of Meynell Langley.* Isaac left one only daughter, Elizabeth, who married + Honble. Robert Cecil, member for Wooton Bassett, and second son of the Earl of Salisbury, but, I apprehend, sold the estate to Godfrey Meynell, Esquire, of Langley, grandson of the before-named Godfrey Meynell, of Willington, and son of Thomas Meynell, the rector of Langley, who married Catharine, daughter to Colonel John Lane, of Bentley Abbey, in the county of Stafford, and niece to Mrs. Jane Lane who was so greatly instrumental in saving King Charles II. when he quitted the kingdom for France.{ : Thomas Meynell had one son and four daughters ; to his son Godfrey he gave up property in his own lifetime, residing himself at the rectory. He died in the autumn of the year 1705, and the above Godfrey, his son, in the spring preceding. The son married Mary Horde, daughter of Thomas Horde, Esq., of Coates, in the county of Oxford; he left one son and one daughter ; Godfrey, his son, died in the year 1758, and left his estate to the grandchildren of his grandfather, Thomas Meynell, by his three great-aunts (1) Katherine, who married Gilbert above his godfather, Godfrey Thacker, of Repton, Esq., by the Herald, and would have refused the place because he was his godfather, but the Herald would not suffer him, but told him it was his place. Vaire argent and sable was the De la Ward’s coat, and the nag’s head was the crest, and the daughter of Dela Ward married to the Meynells of Langley. The pedigree is carried down in the Herald’s College to anno 1634, Book G. 33, folio 7, and this coat was then allowed by the Herald. This was writ by Tho, Meynell, rector of Langley, and given to his son Godfrey, 1702.” * Part of the estate lying in Kirk Langley was sold afterwards by Godfrey Meynell, Esq. + First to Hale, of King’s Walden; second, to Robert Cecil. + Vide Lanes’ pedigree, and the Lanes’ petition to Charles II. THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. 49 Cheshire, whose daughter married, first, Mr. Peach, and secondly, Mr. Cheney ; (2) Dorothy, who married; first, Mr. Warden, and secondly, Mr. Hodgkinson ; and (3) Susanna, who married Mr. Lord, of Little Chester, and who was the executrix of her father, Thomas Meynell, the rector of Langley. The father of the late Mr. Meynell was buried in the chancel, by order of his father, Thomas Meynell, but as the father himself died in the autumn following, the son’s widow removed the body of her husband to the choir, where it now lies. Thomas Meynell wished the chancel to be the burial-place, but the late Mr. Godfrey Meynell was laid by his father, Godfrey, in the choir, nearly under the monument since erected to Mr. Cheney and his wives ; in the same place were buried two other children of his father who died young. KIRK LANGLEY. With regard to the manor of Kirk Langley, this at the Conquest belonged to Ralf Fitz Hugh, as one entire place. It then passed, in the time of Henry III. (1218), to Ralf Fitz Nicholas ; then to the Pipards of Oxfordshire, who, I think, assumed the name of Twyford. In the time of Edward II. (circa 1264) it was possessed by a Twyford, for Dugdale in his History of Warwickshire (page 36) says that Sir John de Twyford made his residence at Stretton Baskerville, County Warwick, though Kirk Langley in Derbyshire was his ancient residence ; this was the 17th Edward II., and in the year 1302, and it was then called their ancient residence. At what period they first settled here I do not find. It appears that Henry Pole, of Whittington, son of Peter Pole, of Heage, married a daughter of Twyford, probably the daughter or sister of Thomas Twyford, who died in 1523, and whose monumental in- scription will be hereafter given. I find by an ancient deed, anno 3 Henry IV., 1446, that Robert de Twyford was then Lord of Kirk Langley :— Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego William Dethic Miles dedi Roberto de Twyford domino de Langley, Rado fratri ejus, Johanni de Garforth, Thome de Dethic, filiis meis, omnes terras etc in villa de Raddeburne praeter terras quasdam Johannis Annesty et Isabel uxoris ejus anno 3rd Henry 4th. 4 50 THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. We find Henry Pole buried at Langley, and Dorothy his wife, who died 1558 ; and he appears to be patron of the church. Pro- bably from the marriage with Twyford, he bears the arms of Pole, together with those of Chandos and Twyford ; and in the centre of the third shield is a cinque-foil, which denotes a third son ; but the wife’s bearing on the tomb is not that of Twyford.* An Inquisitio post-mortem, 20th Henry VIII, 1512, states that Robert Knifton had in Langley 47 acres of arable land, 20 acres of meadow, and 20 acres of pasture. William Bassett possessed the manor of Kirk Langley, probably by purchase from German Pole. He held it of the heirs of Jacob Strangeways, and of the heirs of Stuteville by half a knight’s fee, and it was of the value of £40. Humphrey Bradbourne, Knt., had the manor of Burrows in Lang- ley. He held 1 messuage, 38 acres of land, 20 acres of meadow, 20 acres of pasture, and 2c acres of wood, with the appurtenances, and held of the Earl of Salop, as of his manor of Kirk Langley, by fealty, and paying 5 marks yearly. Lady Corbett, widow of William Bassett, held the manor. I find that Lady Corbett was the daughter of Thomas Austen, of Oxley Farm, Staffordshire, and was first married to William Boothby, and was mother of Thomas Boothby, of Tooley Park. For her second husband she married William Bassett, of Blore, by whom she had Elizabeth, married first to Henry Howard, and afterwards to William, Earl of Newcastle. Thirdly she married Sir Richard Corbett, and died 1640, aged 74, immensely rich. (Vide Nichol’s History of Leicestershire, vol. ili., p 732-) The Knivetons had also lands in Burrows, and the farm belong- ing to Dr. Johnson was their property. Thus far I have attempted to trace the possessions of these two manors until the reign of Charles II. At this period the * The tomb at Kirk Langley to Henry Pole and Dorothy, his wife, is to the eldest son of Henry Pole, who married the heiress of Twyford. For full ex- planation of the armorial bearings on this tomb, and for further particulars relative to the Twyford and Pole families, see Churches of Derbyshire, vol. iv., pp. 267-8, 273-5.—Ep. THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. 51 feudal system was wholly abolished, land owners became numer- ous, and from that time it is difficult to trace the property. It was formerly in fewer hands, and an estate of that day held by knights’ service may now have many owners; land is become of more value, better cultivated, and parcelled into lots for sale. Then it was granted in general for service done to the Crown, and seldom in less quantity than a whole manor, or, when sold, large estates were transferred from one family to another. In April, 1817, Mr. Cornelius Brough gave me two deeds, one of which I forwarded to Mr. Lysons, and of which I have received the following account :—It is a grant from William de Longeley, clerk to Henry Moyster of Kniveton, chaplain, of a messuage, with out- houses, buildings, gardens, curtilage, etc., adjoining, and all the arable land in his assart, with ditches and enclosures in the vill and territory of Kirk Langley, which messuage adjoins to the place of my daughter Cicely, to have and to hold, etc., of the capital lords of the fee by due service with warranty. It is dated in the zoth year of Edward II. The parchment is about eight inches long and four wide. The other deed is a grant from John Parker, of Whittington, to his son Thomas of a house and lands in Kirk Langley, and these are probably the same premises mentioned in the earlier deed. This deed is dated 37 Henry VIII. The parchment is about seven inches long and two broad. Of these two evidences, which are now at Meynell Langley, we give extended transcripts.—Eb. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Willielmus de Longley clericus dedi concessi et hac presente carta mea confirmavi Domino Henrico Moyster de Knyveton capellano unum messuagium cum domibus et edificiis et vastante gardino curteli praterea et croftum adjacentem et totam terram arrabilem in asartis meis cum fossatis et clausuris suis in villa et in territorio de Kyrke Longeleye quod quidem assuagium jacet juxta placeam Cicelie filie mee habendum et tenendum predicto domino Henrico Moyster et heredibus suis et suis assignatis libere quiete integre pacifice bene cum omnibus suis pertinen- tibus in feodo et heriditate in perpetuum de dominis capitalibus feodi illius pro servicia omnibus (sc) inde debita et consueta pro omnibus Et ego vero pre- dictus Willielmus de Longeley Clericus et heredes mei omnia predicta tene- menta cum omnibus pertinentibus suis predicto Domino Henrico Moyster de Knyveton capellano et heredibus suis et suis assignatis contra omnes gentes Warrantizabimus in perpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Dominis Hugone de Meignyll Johanne 52 THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. The following extract from the account of the Langleys, given in the Churches of Derbyshire, is here reprinted, as it illustrates and explains the earlier of Mr. Meynell’s account of their descent. According to ‘‘The Bowke of Evidences of Twiforde his Lands” (Add. MSS. 6672, British Museum), which is a chartulary of evi- dences chiefly pertaining to Langley, neither of these accounts of the Twyfords and the transference of their estates to the Pole family are absolutely correct, but the discrepancy only arises in connec- tion with some Christian names. It is hoped that this Twyford ‘‘ Booke” may be printed zw extenso in some future volume of these transactions. “The Manor of Langley was held, according to the Domesday Book, by Levenot, under Ralph Fitz Hubert. There is no record at that date of a church. The manor at an early period was divided into two moieties, one of which became known as Kirk or Church Langley, from having a church fabric on the estate ; and the other as Meynell Langley, from the name of the proprietor. At the beginning of the reign of Henry III., 1218, Kirk Langley was held by one Nicholas. To him succeeded his son, Robert Fitz-Nicholas, who died in the last year of Henry III.’s long reign. He died without issue, and the jury, at the inquisition after his death, found that his nephew, Ralph Pipard, then aged 28, the son of Ralph Fitz-Nicholas, was his heir. He died seized of landed property at Thurvaston, Etwall, and Egginton, as well as of the manor of ‘ Chirche Longley’ and the advowson of its de Twyford milite Thomi de Staunton Henrico de Caumbes Henrico de Meignyll et aliis. Datum apud Kyrke Longeley nono die mensis Septembris anno regni Regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi vicessimo. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Parkar de Whyttynton in Comitatu Derbiensi Husbandman dedi concessi et hac presente carta mea con- firmavi Thome Parker filio meo’Totum Illud messuagium cum omnibus croftis terris et pasture et pasti et allis proventionibus habeo habui vel quovismodo habere potero in villa et campis de Kyrk Longelle in comitatu Derbiensi Habendum et tenendum predictum messuagium cum omnibus croftis preeterea pasturis passiis et aliis pertinentibus dicto Thomi et heredibus suis imperpetuum de Capitalibus dominis foedi Lllius pro futuris inde debitis et de jure consuetis In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto meo sigillum meum apposui Datum vicessimo septimo die mensis Novembris anno regni Henrici octavi Anglie Francis et Hibernie regis fidei defensoris et ecclesie Anglicane et Hibernie supremi capitis tricessimo septimo. THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. 53 church, the rectory being valued by the jury at twenty marks per annum. Names at this period were changed with much caprice, according to the residence of the individual. It has generaliy been supposed that a Fitz-Nicholas sold this manor to a Pipard, but the inquisition that we have just quoted shows that Ralph, son of Ralph, and nephew of Robert Fitz-Nicholas, inherited it by descent. It would seem that he had assumed the name of Pipard from having resided, previously to his becoming heir to his uncle, at Rotherfield-Pipard, in Oxfordshire; or possibly from having married an heiress. of the Pipards, who gave their name to that place, for the Pipards are said to have originally sprung from a hamlet of that name in Somersetshire. Robert Fitz-Nicholas had also owned the manor of Twyford, in Buckinghamshire, which his nephew, Ralph Pipard, also inherited, and of which he was seized at the time of his death, in 1310. Twyford, Bucks, was one of the most important of their manors, and hence the heir of Ralph assumed that name in preference to Pipard, and was known as John de Twyford. **The manor of Kirk Langley, together with the advowson of the rectory, remained in the hands of the Twyford, or de Twyford, family until the time of Henry VIII., when Henry Pole, of Chesterfield, son of Peter Pole, of Heage, married Ursula, the daughter and heiress of Thomas Twyford, who died in 1522. Henry Pole was succeeded by his son, of the same name, who died in 1558. He died without issue, and was succeeded by his brother Augustine, whose son, German Pole, sold the manor of Kirk Langley to Bassets, of Blore, then also lords of Meynell Langley, and the two manors were for the most part subsequently held together. William Basset married Judith, daughter of Thomas Austen, and widow of William Boothby. On the death of her second husband she was married to Sir Richard Corbett, of Morton Corbett, Shropshire. We find Lady Corbett presenting to the rectory of Kirk Langley both in 1619 and in 1621. By her second husband, William Basset, she had one daughter, first married to Henry Howard, son of the Earl of Suffolk (by whom she had a daughter, married to Sir John Harpur, of Swarkeston), 54 THE MANORS OF KIRK LANGLEY AND MEYNELL LANGLEY. and secondly to William, Earl, and afterwards Duke, of Newcastle. On the restoration the Earl of Newcastle presented to this rectory. In the eighteenth century the advowson and next presentation were repeatedly sold ; but during the present century it has been in the gift of the Meynells, of Meynell Langley.” A Vistt to Derbyshire tw 1630. MONGST the Harleian manuscripts is preserved the note- book of Justinian Pagett, Esq., a lawyer. It is headed :— “ Remarkable things wh. I observed in my journey thro’ Warwick- shire, Darbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Cheshire, Flintshire, etc., Anno 1630.” The part relating to Derbyshire is very brief, and is as follows :— “In Darbyshire we went into poole hole, a vast hollow rock, wherein are several roomes, as it were, one on th’ other. 1. A river's head is heere. : 2. Stone hanging like icesickles, like a flitch of bacon ete. 3. The Q. of Scott’s pillars. 4. Picture of a Lyon. In the town of Buxtons we saw a pretty little brick house where in a lowe roome isa bath with 7 springs, 6 of them being hot, and the seventh cold, so that with a span you may lay your thumb on a hott spring, and your little finger on the cold. From hence we went thro’ Castleton, where we saw the ruin’d castle and the great hoale called the Divillsarse. From thence to Mantaur, a high hill at one ende whereof the earth doth run doune con- tinually like unto the sinking and gliding of sand in the lower part of an hower glasse. From hence toa well neere a town call’d Tideswell, wh. ebbs and flows sometimes 3 or 4 times a. day, and from hence we went to Darby and Nottingham.” 55 The Diary of Benjamin Granger, of Bolsover, 1688-1 708. By Pym YEATMAN. @]MONGST those who have very kindly responded to my appeal for the loan of MSS. relating to Derbyshire topography is Mr. T. Thorneley, of Bolsover, who entrusted to my care a small quarto, which at one time doubtless had been the possession of Francis, Earl of Shrewsbury, for it contains several Inquests relating to the great Barmote Courts held at Wirksworth many years ago. In the first year of my joining the Midland Circuit I was entrusted by my good friend, Mr. Joseph Stone, of Wirksworth (descendant, probably, of one of the jury of these Inquests), with a brief in a cause tried in that very court, and exceedingly quaint and in- teresting I found the procedure ; probably not materially different from that which was pursued in the cases, though we have here only the record relating to the customs. The MS. commences with “‘ The great Court Barmote (Cur magna’ Bermote) held at Wirksworth before Francis Count Salop the zoth September 3 Edward VI.” Great Inquisition for the King’s Mines within the wapentake aforesaid by the oath of Nicolas Hyde Robt Cotton Ed Rowbotham Henry Storer Wm Leighe John Spencer Thos Bramall John Gratton John Sommer Rich Wigly Tho Cockeshoot Thos Woodwise William Bennett Thos Stepele Thos Wood James Hall Roger Gell John Storer Henr Spencer Rad Haughton Oliver Stoane Roger Maule Ed Wyllye Will Shawe wee do p’sent and set downe paynes for ye minors as followeth 56 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. “‘ Measures first we will that the Lord of the feild shall make an able dishe from this daye forthe between the mchant buyer & the seller against ev’ye good time as xpmas and whissontide two able dishes upon payne of eivry time wantinge if it bee called for to ** And they Mynors shall have for their lot and cope sufficient tymber for their works without any penny giuding of the next founder within the King’s Lopp- Alsoe the shall have water to washe theire myne without any lett for the said lott and coape And if the Lord will buy their myne for as much as any other man will give them he shall have their myne before all other men and if he will not they shall sell their said myne wheare the will to theire most profit witht impeachment or disturbance of the Lord or any of his ministers In wittnes &c. “These beene the lawes and customes of the myne used in the High Peak and in all other places through England and Wales for the wch to be had the wise mynors sued to the Lord King that he would confirme them by his charter under his great seal in waye of charity and for his profit and forasmuch as the aforesaid myn’ beene at all times in p’ill of their death and that they have nothing in certain but that wch God of his grace will send them.” Then follows the well-known Inquisition of the 16th year of the reign of Edward I. (1288), taken from the Bundle of the Exchequer, made at Ashbourn upon Saturday next after the feast of the Holy Trinity before Rignold of the Leye and William of Meignell by the oath of Thomas Foljambe and others. Then follows an Inquest taken 3rd May, 3 and 4 Philip and Mary, of the same great Barmote Court, before 25 jurymen, con- taining certain supplementary laws relating to mines and mining, which may have been published already. It is very voluminous, and contains some very curious laws, one, enacted against lead stealers, of rare barbarity. On the third conviction for this offence he was to be taken and stricken through his right hand in the palm with a knife up to the “halfe ” into the stone, and theare he should stand till he be dead or cut himself loose, and then he should fore- swear the franchise of the mine. THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 57 These Inquests occupy only 22 pages of a book of 195 pages. The rest has been used, after the manner of ancient books, by two individuals of Bolsover; one Benjamin Granger, whose name heads this article, who has used 54 pages ; and Henry Roades, who has filled the rest. His portion of the book is of small value, except, perhaps, for the prices of things of his date, 1741-51. Roades was a builder and carpenter, and he worked chiefly for the lords of Welbece, but he gives few details of his work there. Benjamin Granger was a superior person, most probably a lawyer. His entries are generally well written, in a legal hand, and he refers to certain fees, his charges for writing documents. He entitles his portion of the book, ‘ Accounts Stated 1688-90,” during which period, or a portion of it, he was churchwarden. He notes that he was so acting 19 Sep., 1690. He, however, ceased to act in 1691, for he gives the names of these officers at that period. His entries cover a longer period, and extend over 1676-1708. He was Sequestrator of the vicarage, and upon the r2th April, 1699, he was summoned to the Bishop’s probate court at Chesterfield, and passed his accounts, not, apparently, in a very satisfactory manner (except, perhaps, to himself), for he records that he had disbursed £12 more than the profits, and the clerks desiring him to let them see the sequestration would not return it to him. It was probably in this capacity that he noted down many curious facts relative to the ecclesiastical history of Bolsover, which are illustrative of the period. Bolsover was a poor living. It stands in the King’s books as worth only £14, with yearly tenths worth #11 114, and as being of less value than £30, the vicar could escape the payment of tenths to the king by simply making an affidavit of his poverty. In fact, so poor was it that nobody seemed to care to stay, and in the course of a year or two the inhabitants had quite a choice of parsons. They probably were not of the choicest description, for Mr. Granger informs us that one of them, Mr. Edwin Ferne, was brought before Mr. Sitwell (no doubt, an acting justice of the peace), and by him committed to Derby on a serious charge ot * arson (burning Edward Hinde’s barn). This was in Oct., 1695. 58 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. On the 7th Jan., 1698, the Rev. Richard Chadwick, who only read himself in the 3rd April previously, had his hand cut off by one Mr. Adams, at Mr. Richard Brown's house in Chesterfield, apparently not a mere medical operation, for the church was vacant the following month, whether because of the death of Chadwick or of his expulsion does not appear; but Mr. Granger records that the day of the maiming he paid Mr. Chadwick 3os., part of his dewes which were accounted for two days previously, together with 4s. 6d., part of the Henn groats (tithes on fowls ?). A curious note is added, that on June 26, 1698, six months after he had read himself in, “ Mr. Chadwick came to Bolsover the first Sunday after he had gotten orders,” from which it would seem that he had not full orders, at any rate, when he read himself in. Mr. Granger was evidently a decent sort of man, for on April 14, 1690, when churchwarden, the new parson, Mr. Hugh Jennings, came to table with him, and stayed ro} weeks. This worthy cleric went away from Bolsover the 14th Sept., 1691, and took all his goods with him. ‘The charge of keeping the rev. gentleman was 4s. a week, and: 3s. for his wife; and Margaret Roades charged 1s, 6d. for ‘‘ washing of Mr. Jeunings and Miss Jennings cloathes and linings,” which, if it was for the ten weeks, was cheap. ‘This lady was probably grandmother of Henry Roades, for at the same period one Thomas Roades made the little yate into the churchyard, and Henry records his own birth as son of Henry at the same period. The family were probably hereditary carpenters of Bolsover. Mr. Jennings was succeeded by Mr. Fearne, who entered to the place by virtue of the sequestration. Alas, on the 12th December following, Vicar Fearne was taken to Chesterfield by an execution, so the church was vacant 17th December and Christmas Day. This was preparatory to the final catastrophe. Many legal proceedings are set out minutely. There was a procedure necessary at that period when a person desired to move into another place. One John Parker, a tailor, removed to ’ Chelmsford, and the churchwardens and overseers entered into a bond to take him back if he became chargeable to the poor. THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 59 Also certain solemn proceedings in respect of infringement of common rights well worthy of preservation. We obtain the reflection of the great events of the time, and they were momentous. 26th Nov., 1691, was the day of thanks- giving “for the happy Retorn of King William and for the bringing of Ireland to its dew obedience.” Evidently they did not get a service very often, for the parson of Elvaston supplied the cure that day. 13th Dec. following, Mr. Hollingshead preached all day, but the churchwardens “did give him nothing.” Evidently he did not please. 26th February, assessment was made for carrying on the war with France vigorously. There was no mistake about this vigour, for it cost Bolsover £155 4s., and Clowne £25 17s. 53d. 3rd Dec., 1697, were rejoicings for the peace. May-day, 1707, the union between England and Scotland was concluded, that they are to be one people, a happier settlement than that of poor Ireland’s, and so far more complete. In February following are reports of the supposed Prince of Wales’ insurrection, but Bolsover was safe, for in April, 1708, several troops of horse and companys of foot were there, when William Tettley was Constable of Bolsover and Clowne; and Bolsover greatly rejoiced at the discovery “of the great plot laide by the French and the Papists for invading England.” No doubt the wily monarch encouraged these rejoicings, as a cover for the numerous taxes he inflicted on a suffering people. There is a delicious piece of bunkum, probably written upon the death of King William (?), though it is apparently dated 1751, and if so, it must have been Henry Roade’s composition, for Benjamin Granger had long before passed away; and there is an interesting item recorded in April, 1708, one of Granger’s last entries, that Jonathan Clark of Waly did begin to be a carrier with a wagon to London. Evidently Bolsover was an important place at that period. This diary gives a curious picture of the times, and is worthy of rescue from oblivion. The entries given are taken as they appear in the book, but 60 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. were evidently inserted as Mr. Granger remembered them, or wherever he found a convenient space. Lissa John Carter and Thos. Butler Assemt. came to ............... 32 Gees Joseph Caladine and Josh. Poynton colectors for the Pole (Tax) 13 Mar 1689 Robert Harrison and Joseph Jackson collectors for the quarterly payments, the same being..............+.:. > Lion Wm Colgreave Senr and Thos Hynde collectors of the assemt. of 1d. in the pound made the 14th Oct 1689 came to....... 38 12 2% 24 Jany 1690 Was made a whole charge was upon the whole constabulary (Clown paid £25 17 54 2) .... .....- ..0.. 155 4 8 Thos Kitchen and Rich Nickson collected ..... S52 08 Aree Jou Walson\ and ott reer fete vateie ieleimie rise lea = 62 13 0 The whole assesmt...... 130 17 8 2 July 1690 Assemt. for repair of the church qdin the £ ..... TAG: 3 Glapwell to add an § part 2/ 3 /6 2 June 1690 Assmt. for Edward Hynd Constab at qd.......... 15, 9) OF 15 Nov 1688 do. Jeffry Stubbing (loa cote Maier Tipo eo eels: Assmt. at 6d for the church without Glapwell...... ........-. 22 19 10 otal sitar 2015 2 (Of this the town contributed 41 9 04) 8 June 1691 Thos Brailsford Overseer assemt. .........-....- 12 4 of Humphry Smale Overseer for Bolsover 26 July 1691 Henry Duke of Newcastle departed this life about aleven oclock in the forenoon at Welbec Abbey 4 Augt 1691 I was discharged by one of my Lord of Thenrett’s servants for paying of my rent till a suit be ended betn. ye said Lord and my lord of Flayere Witness Robt Machan 12 Augt 1691 Henry Duke of Newcastle was interred in the vault in Bolsover Church and had the serimoneyes of the church administered for the burial by Mr. Rogace late Chaplain to deced Duke 5 Oct 1695 Duchess Dougher of Newcastle who died at London was interred in the vault in Bolsover church and was buried by one Mr. Ewhate the now Duke of N.’s chaplain the day above written. 1 Apl 1696 Mr Wm Rogers is dead who was born at Kirkby Steven in Westmorland and interred at Bolsover Church behind the Porch door 20 Mar 1692 Gilbert Baker of Woodhouse went with Cornett Bright to be a Dragooner under Mayjer Staneyforth. 22 May 1690 Wee the inhabitants of Boulsover did ympound Mr Henry Clayton of 23 shepe on Bolsover Moore marked with radle over the back and he made satisfaction for the trespass Mr Loade 5 shepe John Haye 7 Will Revell 5 John Storth 28 and 4 lambs John Jeffries 15 soe THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 61 whole in the pound was 106 sheep and 22 lambs, all loused and money paid for the trespass by Henry Clayton John Storth and John Spraye Edward Hynde Benj Granger Thos Hynde Thos Calton Tho Kitchen George Hill ympounded the above goods and shepe and the said Henry Clayton with the rest did promise one for another that if the shepe or any other goods of theirs did trespass again on Boulsover Moore the would pay double the damage they then payd. A particular of some land Ls. di Charles Spittlehouse coppie Land rent ................... 3) 15) 0 as AT PROVECIMCM ENS ME rd'< sh o's st dis-aiere « Io oO VED eNMen pce emer co aies. 3 a atcha caw os I0 oO from Mr Cornelius Farr John Frith for his copy land house and yard rent ...... Syn yOu Oneo for the Drake holm Wilson pingle and psonage land ....... 7 96 The five parts that Bolsover stand charged with touching the Peat ax WAS is <0 +5 = Luk SLs oe Be seosiibccee 4129 7 32 be Townypark. - ery 56) £66 : 16: 11 Theyouten! LOwns) .) «<\cers «y= sis10 62:10: 4 The over plush money in Edward Hynde hands 13/4 and in Jo Wilson 4/- John Frith of Woodhouse £1 8 5 A Copy of the Preamble taken of the processes for the siteing all vicars that did belong to vicarages and to pay their tenths if it was worth £30 per annum 19 Sep 1690 ‘This came to me being churchwarden and I did take the coppie following ‘‘ Give notice to the persons whose namesare here subscribed to meet Mr. Wamesley at Chesterfield upon Wednesday the 1st of Oct next and there pay to him the arrears of the 1oth due to their majestys or make affidavit that their livings are not worth £30 p annum or else the profits of their respective benefices will be sequestered Bolsover in arrear since (62) Spent with Mr. Nightingale for obtaining of these lines 1/- pd for the prayer book 1/- Mr. Nightingales fees 8d and spent with Mr. Jennings and the Parrits 6d. April 6 1690 Was the first day that Mr Jennings preached Paid to Mr Warde of Chesterfield 6/1 for searge for Mr Jennings Paid Mrs Elizabeth Barlow for Mr and Mrs Jennings Table 5/6 and spent with Mr Jennings the first night I went to work of him at Barlows and some other neighbours 1/- 30 April Lent to Mr. Jennings when we went a fishing 2/6 sold a bull for 20/- paid to Mr Jennings 1/- for my letter 4June Paid Mr. Jennings 12/- a part of the Easter Reckoning 14 April Mr. Hugh Jennings came to table with me and he stayed £ until the 22nd June following 10 weeks at 4/- 2 and Mrs Jennings was with me I week 4 days at 3/-.......... s. d. oo 4 6 62 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 22 June Paid Margt Roades for washing of Mr Jennings and Mrs puesy d. Jennings Cloathes and eiminpss so oe ee ee r 6 Upon the Vicarage houses Oct 23 and 24th 1690 Paid for 100 of thatch 7/6 for wattering the thatch and carrying it to the place and back 1/- Thos Tidd for thacking 2 days 2/- and for a man to serve him 1/- for 2 burdains of thack rods 8d Michael Roade for 100 of latt neate 3d a bunch of Laths 9d Pd Mr. Jennings 9/4 part of the Easter reckonings received by me and 10/7 being the Woolhouse Easter reckonings. 26 Jany 1690 John Kestem 1/2 for getting and setting 13 Ash plants in the church yard of Bolsover the same year I sett a siccimore tree in ye church gait and Thos Armstrong 6d for garding of the trees and for loading of the wood from Dawwood 1/6 Apl 1691 Thomas Roades made the little yate into the church yard 8/- Jeffery Stubbing made the Iron work Timothy Harrison did the stone work 9/2 1690-1 Max Needham churchwardens assesmt .--.----+-+--+-+> £57. Oo 14 Sep. 1691 Mr Jennings went away from Bolsover and took all his goods with him 1691 Richard Nickson and Rich Wainwright Churchwardens Sep 1691 Joseph Caladine sworn constable in the room of John Hardwick of Rowthorne 22 Oct 1691 At the visitation then held at Chesterfield whereunto I was summoned for the paying of procarations and sinadols and to pay 20s touching the sequestration and it was debated in Court that until we had a vicar instituted into the church the said procarations and sinadolls are not to be paid nor the sequestration taken off and for going to the visitation I/- 12 April 1699 I was summoned to the Bishop’s probate Court at Chesterfield and passed my accounts touching the profits that I had received by virtue of the sequestration and I had disbursed £12 more than the profits that I did receive belonging to the vicarage and the clarks that took my accounts desired me to let them see the sequestration and after they had got it they said they would take care of the church and would not give it me again 26 Novr 1691 was the day of thanksgiving for the happy retorne of King William the third and for the bringing of Ireland to its dew obedience and we had parson Davenport of Elmiton to supply the cure 13 Decr 1691 Mr Hollingshead preached all day but the churchwardens did give him nothing 24 Jany 1691 to the 13 March Mr Fearne preached 5 times and so entered to ye place by virtue of ye sequestration in the churchwardens hands EEE ————— ) THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 63 22 Feby 1691 Assessment was made by Edward Hyde and John Wilson for the raising of money according to a late act of Parliament toward ye carrying on the vigorous warr against France £155. 4. 8d. Clown’s part £2517. 54 % Oliver Goulds land assessed at £1 Thos Cosen Senr. Rich Haywood Wm Coope Joseph Rogers Collectors 13 June 1690 Robert Harrison collector of the 3s in the pound 9 Mar 1692 The double pole at 4s the head was assessed at Bolsover the sum amounting without the Duke of Newcastle’s light horse 4 s. d. for Darbyshire with 4) light "Horse? 2535.2 .\6J fe... dec ce 16: OWO Edward Hynde and William Coope Assessors Thomas Kitchen Robert Kendall Thos Butcher Sen William Rogerson Anthony Revell in Miene Rd Nickson and Joseph Calladine Churchwards. 1692 Joseph Jackson Robert Barlow and Thomas Butler of Whaley Overseers 24 Oct 1692. Benj. Granger Constable for Bolsover Joseph Caladine and Robert Barlow 1685 John Akars and John Stanwall paid two sums to Mr. Ward man of the Undersheriff whose name was Slack by process of the Exechequer 20 Mar 1692 Gilbert Baker of Woodhouse went with Cornet Bright to be a Drowgoonner under Majer Stanyforth Third burrows 12th Decr. Vicar Fearne was taken to Chesterfield by an execution so the church was vacant 17th Decr and Christmas Day ‘ 1689 to9g0 Payments to John Carter Thos Hynde Robt Harrison June 1693 Thos Charlesworth and Wm. Renshaw overseers Thos Madin Butcher constable Thos Hynde and Joseph Jackson Assessors for the quarterly poole John Carter and John Robinson Third boroughs 4 May Joseph Jackson Robt Barlow and Humphrey Smale Collectors 1694 and their Dew plate amounted to £149’: 6.0 Thos Calton and Wm Hardwick Churchwardens Rd Haywood and Edward Barker Third borough Jonathan Clark Thos Hynde Colls. 1695 Thos Calton and Wm Renshaw Churchwardens John Butcher and Francis Robotham Mathew Scorer constable Richard Haywood and Thos Charlesworth Third burrows Joseph Jackson Court Greave he was cited to appear at the Archdeacons Ct at Wirksworth the 8 October but did not appear Oct 29 1695 King William came to Welbec and went away again on Sunday _.__ the third of November 1695 64 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. On Monday night being the 2nd day of Decr 1695 was Edward Hynde’s Barne burnt and on Tuesday the 3rd they seased Mr Gowen Ferne Clark and had him before Mr Sitwell and on Wednesday the 4th Mr Fearne was carried to Darby by Matthew Scorer Constable Gilbert Baker of Wood- house and Joseph Warwick Edward Hynde prosecuted Thos Hynde Elizabeth Calton Henry Warwick and Joe Beardsley witnesses Feby a.p. 1695 In the 7th year of his reign all broade money that was starling was to have a hole punched through with a solid punch not diminishing the silver 1695 Robt Harrison and Josua Poynton and Whalley Assessors for the quarterly payment John Beeley and John Wilson of Woodhouse Collectors 1696 Thos Colgreave and Francis Jenkinson Churchwdns John Berley Rich Nickson overseers 15 May 1696 The Commissioners did meet at Chesterfield to put the act in execution touching the ‘ax Jayd upon windows and lights in the 7th year of the reign of King William Sep 1696 Thos Colgreave constable John Stanceall and Rich White overseers Mr Drew Court Greave for Clown and Thos Callton serves it for him Thos Hynd and Thos Butler Assessors for the tax at 3s in the pound and ye greate poole 26 Feby 1696-7 Palterton first fair began John Hardwick of Rowthorn Court Greave and Thos Calton of Bolsover does serve it for him in the year 1697 12 May 1697 At Chesterfield Robt Barlow Senr and Hump Small sworn churchwardens John Shipston and John Whitehead overseers 11 Novr 1697 being Martinmas day one Nicolas Frost who came from Alfreton did take a house of Samuel Leevesly at ye Green well in Bolsover the said Frost was a Chandler Mr. Linley preached three times May 6—3o in Bolsover g Jany 1697-8 Mr. Furnis did preach both parts of the day and I paid him 6s & od for his paynes Mr Furnis did preach a second tyme and I did pay him 5s and expenses Is 3 Decr 1697 being Thursday was the great day of Thanksgiving for ye settled peace made by the Sovereign Lord King William and the French King and Mr Davenport preached at Bolsover Church in the afternoon 3 April 1698 Mr Richard Chadwick did preach his first sermon in Bolsover Church and Mr Lowde did read prayers 17 Ap Mr Chadwick preached a second time Mr. Furnes read prayers and I paid Mr. Furness for his paynes 5s. 22 May Mr Lowde did the whole day and did administer the Sacrament ; \‘f ‘ a THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 65 26 June 1698 was the first Sunday that Mr Chadwick did come to Bolsover after he had gotten orders Thos Brailsford and Rd Fisher of Glapwell Churchwardens 20 July 1698 Pd to Thos Brailsford seven pence being the 2nd quarterly pay- ment assessed upon my house but it is 2d too much the quarter Samuel Leevesly Collector for the window money for 1698 8 Decr 1698 Francis Briant and George Cuttwife was to be whipped at a Cartte arse in Bolsover for stealing of Thos Nollsons geese 5 Jany 1698 According to John Beeley order the accounts of Thomas Colgreave touching his churchwardenshipp and the dewes that did belong to the Vicar collected 1696 I Benja Granger received of Thos Col- greave in the presence of John Beeley Robt Maclean and Thomas Hind the sum of £1. 13. 6 in full &c. 7 Jany 1698 Mr Richard Chadwick had his hand cut off by one Mr Adams at Mr Richard Browns house in Chesterfield and the same day I did pay to Mr. Chadwick 30s being part of the above sum and 4/6 in part of the Henn Groats 27 Jany 1698 Mrs Hallons paid 20s for the use of the Vicar of Bolsover 10s for breaking open the ground within the altar railes & in the chancel & 10s for a mortuary paid to Mr Chadwick in Chesterfield the 28th inst Same date a summons to pay the annual tenths to the Bishop for the use of the King 27 Feby 1698 According to the summons appearance was made to Mr Oudslye at the sign of the Angel in Chesterfield and several copies was produced touching the tenths and upon examining of them Mr Owdeslye said he could not see that the Bishop could charge the vicarage of Bolsover with any tenths it being of so small value & vacant for a vicar. At Darby in the year 1676 Benja Granger & William Kitchen of Bolsover a Churchwarden did appear at a visitation holden at All hallows in Derby Mr Wamesby being in that court & the churchwarden did bear the charges 28 Feby 1698 Benj Granger did appear before one Mr Ordesley ye Surrogate to the Bishop about the tenths of the Vicarage of Bolsover and the sum- mons is returned back to Mr Grenes the Bishops Secretary & for my charges for going to the Court above & drawing up several writing 2/6 Thomas Brailsford & Rich Fisher churchwardens 4 April 1699 an elaborate Certificate from the Churchwardens & Overseers recording that John Parker Tailor was desirous of settling in Chelmsford & admitting that he was duly settled in Bolsover undertaking that if he became chargable to the poor they would receive and take him 1700 Thos Charlsworth and Joseph Rogers Churchwardens 20 May 1700 John Beeley and Joshua Pointer Sessors for the 2s in the pound which amounted to £75 .0. 5 5 66 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. Thos Savage and Robt Machan third boroughs 1701 Benj Garbett and Daniel Needham Churchwardens Mathew Scorer and Wm Coope overseers John Carter and Robt Kendall collectors for births burials wedding and window money 19 Augt 1701 Thomas Hind and Rd Wilkinson elected Sessors of an aide granted in the 13th year of King Williams reign at 3s in the pound but it was but assessed at 2s 4d and the charge was £1II . 10. 8 30 Aug Thos Kewney did begin to poynt the Steeple 15 July 1701 Assessment for the repair of the church at 3d in the ponnd Lye Se ad Churchwardens Assessment in the Town came to .......... Sie eaoe And the parish without Glapwell came to .......... .... 5) 456 andiGlapwelllassesment CamestO yori cis! bats oles = rick Ie 127, Ir 18 6% Oct 1701 Constables Robt Silcocks assessment came to ..... 12 1 8% at 3d in the pound Joseph Calladine and Richard Warde Surveyors of the Highways Easter 1702 Francis Kitchen and Wm Hardwick of Glapwell Churchwardens John Beeley Court Greave but doth serve for Robert Standley, house in Bolsover Thomas Braylesford and Joshua Poynton Assessors of the quarterly taxes for the year 1702 At Easter Court Leet 1704 came into Court one George Topham of Ilmeton Tayler and was sworn Court Greeve for land lying within Clowne 6 Mar 1704 Margaret Wardlow widow was interred in Bolsover church yard and left behind her a boy and a girl left an estate worth £20 in money and goods Mr Whitehouse being Churchwarden did seaze of all but how he will dispose of it is not known George Wilson Court Greave for George Wragg of Stainsby for his lands in Clown 24 Decr 1706 The Dyalle Boarde upon the south side of Bolsover church steeple was set up by one William Hall whitesmith Robert Syllcock and John Mellors Churchwardens for that year May Day 1707 The Union between England and Scotland was concluded that they are to be one peuple and this day was a day of thanksgiving for the adoreing of the same Thomas Hardwick of Rowthorn Court Greave Henry Cutt and John Scorer Churchwardens THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 67 Oct 24 1707 Wm Tetley Constable And in February it was reported that the supposed Prince of Wales was gon with some ships and men to land into Scotland and in March 1708 and April there did march and quartered in Bolsover several troops of Horse and companys of Foot William Tettley then Constable of Bolsover and Clown 6 April 1708 John Pearse Gentleman and Francis Rowbotham of Walley Churchwardens James Steevens John Ouldsfield Overseers 9 April 1708 was the day of Thanksgiving for the great deliverance that we have received in the discovery of the great plot laide by the French and Papish for the invading of Great Britain In April 1708 Jonathan Clark of Waley did begin to bea carrier with a waggon to London June roth 1708 The Bishop of Lichfield visitted and Churchwardens was sworne EXTRACTS FROM HENRY ROADE’S ENTRIES. 1741-8 Work done for the Countis of Oxford and Cornelias Farr at Welbec for Joseph Newbold Coffins were 6/6 each A days work 1/6 for John Stanley at Welbec 1751 To form a trye astimate of the nation’s loss by the death of his Highness one should be able to do justice to his character but that is more than wee dare venture to undertake and therefore leave it to some masterly hand to tell this world that ye joy of Briton is withered her hop is gone the Mar- chant’s friend the Protector of Arts and Science and the Patron of merit the general relivor of the distressed the accomplished Prince and the fine gentleman in private life is noe more no more In 1737-42 we get some local prices A quarter of oates cost $/6 a pigg 4s one load of wood leading 4/6 three cupels of sheep and one hogg £1 Ios one loade of wheat 7/6 two pecks of meall 1/1 two pounds of butter 10d half a peck of blue peas 4d a peck of potatoes 5d a pint of linseed oyle 1/6 a pint of vinegar 2d Powder Blewe 1d a Box for the Bible in Church 1/- Coffins were cheap generally 6/6 each but he made one for William Marsh’s wife for 2/6 one for his son 1/- and one for her dother 1/6 with wood for the same 1/- Richard Brine had a coffin for his mother ye price without any abatement 7s od 1745 Samuel Pormer did bring in four horse load of coals for ye wachman’s use No price given 1746 William Holingworth of Stavely Brook had one esey chare it was to be 14s a glass press £1 5s a glass case 3/4 a kake sprittle 1/6 Nails were of various prices as 4d 8d 10d 12d 20d spikes by the pound sprigs 2d ring nails 4d 68 THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. The following notices of births, &c., were probably made when the several Vicars were engaged at the Sessions and Assizes :— 29 Oct 1685 Thomas Poynton of Whaley and William Baggeshaw of Boulsover was buried on one day 21 Jany 1704 Mary Poynton the widow Thomas Poynton above named was interred in Bolsover church yard 12 Augt 1691 Henry Duke of Newcastle buried 5 Oct 1695 Duchess of Newcastle buried 23 Novr 1670 Benjamin Granger and Martha Foulkes widow were married 4 April 1699 Martha Granger the wife of Benjamin Granger died at London and is interred in St. Martaines church yard by her daughter -Elizabeth Foulkes who died a meade at London 8 July 1708 Martha Williams eldest daughter of Martha Granger was buried in St. Martin’s churchyard by her mother and Elizabeth Foulkes her sister 31 Oct 1709. I Benj Granger was married to Ann French my second wife in Bolsover Church by Richard Chadwick Clark Vicar of that place Mrs Hutchinson and sevl or’s presente In the year 1682 Benj Granger was elected constable for Bolsover but did not serve the office but paid the fine that was layde by the Jury which was 39s 114d to Edward Hynde then Court greave Old Mrs Woolhouse buried 13 June 1692 Old Mrs Smithson bd. 25 Feby 1696 22 July 1697 Sarah Akars was interred in Bolsover church yard but had not Christian burial 14 Oct 1698 Thos Woolhouse of Glapwell Esq was buried under the old Tomb in the chancel belonging to Bolsover church but had not Christian burial 22 March 1698 Mary wife of Jo Akars buried without Christian burial 17 Sep 1708 Mr Thos Farr setvant to the Duke of Newcastle died in the night 19 Oct 1699 Young Robert Barlow was married by Mr. Richard Chadwick parson in Bolsover church. 18 July 1701 Benj Garbett died at his house the Swan in Bolsover 24 July 1701 Mr Richard Chadwich was married at Ashover unto Miss Mary Machan by Mr Burne then p’son there 28 Decr 1701 Mrs Chappel died at Bolsover Castle 2 May 1702 Mr. Samuel Crabtree was brought from Chesterfield and buried Dec 1707 Robert Earl of Scarsdale died at London and was buried in West- minster Abbey 30 May 1697 Ould Thos Butcher died aged about 92 20 Mar 1698 Thos Calton died THE DIARY OF BENJAMIN GRANGER, OF BOLSOVER. 69 1698 This year John Armstrong came to Bolsover again and married widow Trippett’s daughter Henry the son of Henry Roades born July 16 1691 Paul the son of Henry Roades born Nov 17 1694 Wm the son of Henry Roades born Sept 1 1697 Francis Roades his wife died June 5 1700 and John Roades died 6 Dee 1702 Extract from the UHolley MSS. HE following is a verbatim copy of a letter written by the first Duke of Devonshire to John Bagshaw, the High Sheriff of Derbyshire :— “ Whitehall, May y* 30th, 1696. *Sir,—I return you thanks for the account you sent me of the extraordinary concourse of poor people mett together on Tiddes- wall Common occasioned by the non currency of their money, and will acquaint the Lords Justices and the Councell with your care and diligence herein. The best method I can think of to satisfye them for y® present will be bread and other necessaries untill such time as new money can be sent down, which I will cause to be done as it can be gott. In the meantime as y* most effectual means to draw down money into the countrey, I desire you to give notice to the gentlemen and others who have guineas in their possession that they will send them up hither. I will engage to procure them new money in exchange, If this be done speedily I hope it will prove a remedy sufficient to prevent the like assemblys for the future. “T am, Sir, “Y" humble servant, ‘© DEVONSHIRE.” 7O Ou Berbyshive Plumbery, ov CHorkings tw Head. By J. Cuaries Cox, LL.D. F4i|'T is more than probable that the dressing and smelting of | lead ore were among the first arts known and practised in Derbyshire. There can be no doubt that the lead mines of Derbyshire were known and worked before the Roman invasion. The Romans made great use of lead. Several pigs of Derbyshire lead have been found at different times, bearing inscriptions stamped upon them by their Roman founders.* They used the material for the baths that they constructed in every villa they erected, and for the larger ones at the hot springs, such as those at Buxton. Coffins of this metal were also occasionally used by the same people ; an ornamental Roman coffin of lead was found at Sittingbourne in 1879.¢ Derbyshire lead was used for the burial of St. Guthlac in the eighth century, and for the roofing of Canterbury Cathedral in the ninth century. The Pipe Rolls of Henry II. show how wide was the use of Derbyshire lead in the Norman period ; within three years in that reign, we find it being used for the castle at Windsor, and for the churches of Boston and Waltham.{ But our present concern is not with the smelting of lead, or the extensive use of the metal from this county in early and medieval * Wood-cuts and descriptions of these pigs were given in the Derbyshire Archeological Journal, Vol. vii., pp. 63-69. + Archeologia Cantiana, Vol. xvi. t Derbyshire Archeolagical Journal, Vol, vili., p. 41. ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD, 71 days, but rather to put together a few notes and illustrations on the ornamental working of lead, and the specimens that now remain in Derbyshire. We should expect to find that plumbery, or the art of casting, preparing, and working lead, and using it on buildings, and for various purposes, would reach to much perfec- tion in the county that was essentially the home of the raw mate- rial. ‘Ihe comparatively small amount of research that we have been able to give to the subject, amply confirms this expectation. Lead is an exceedingly malleable metal, and as its hardness is increased by hammering, it soon commended itself to designers as an ornamental as well as a useful and almost essential part of a builder’s materials. It is easily worked into any shape from its great softness, and is sufficiently malleable to permit of two edges folding over each other, so as to make it watertight without solder- ing. Hence its very early use for roofs and cisterns. Roofs were not only covered with lead, but the art-workman put forth his cunning to treat it as a material capable of embellish- ment. “The gutters,” says M. André, “were sometimes formed of leaden troughs, stamped with a flower pattern, as at Lincoln Cathedral; and the ridges of the roofs were crested with a running fleur-de-lis design in lead, as at Exeter.” Sometimes, on old roofs, patterns may be noted that are always out of sight, save to the builder or adventurous antiquary. Thus we noted a neat escalloped bordering to some of the old lead ridges of the Per- pendicular roof of the nave of North Winfield church, when super- intending its removal in 1872. A good deal of careful ornament was bestowed upon lead coffins in medieval days, as proved by various instances that have been accidentally brought to light ; names, inscriptions, crests, coats of arms, as well as set patterns, being worked in relief, There is a certain amount of simple ornament on the wedge-shaped coffin of the Countess of Shrewsbury, the celebrated Bess of Hardwick, who died in 1607, as we noted when the Cavendish vault at All Saints’, Derby, was opened on August 28th, 18709. But the most important and interesting use of ornamental lead work in connection with churches, is its occasional appropriation 72 ON- DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. for baptismal purposes. The lining of the stone font with lead was an invariable necessity, for the font used always to be kept filled with water, and this could not have been done without the use of such a lining. But lead sometimes played a still more im- portant part in this connection. The material of a font, according to the Council of Lerida and Ivo the Canonist, was to be of hard stone, without porousness or any fracture; the bowl was never to be of wood which is absorbent, or of brass, which is subject to tarnish with rust, but if of metal, tin was to be used. Bronze fonts, however, became common in Germany and Belgium, and there are some specimens of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; but they were rare in England and France. ‘There was a celebrated one of copper at St. Alban’s, brought there in 1644, from Holyrood Chapel, wherein the royal children of Scotland used to be baptized. England has a single and most interesting example of a brass font at the church of Little Gidding, near Oundle. There used to be a font of silver at Canterbury, which was carried to Westminster Abbey for royal Christenings ; there is also a small silver font in the church of St. Mary de Castro, Guernsey. Queen Elizabeth gave two presents of golden fonts, one to Mary Queen of Scotland, and the other to Charles IX. of France, each costing one thousand pounds. In England, however, at an early date, another metal was occa- sionally used for fonts, namely, lead. The only other part of Christendom, so far as we are aware, where lead fonts were ever in use is the north of France, and these seem to have been im- ported ina finished condition from England, and are found in districts where we know that there was considerable intercommuni- cation between the Religious Houses of the two countries. There are some good examples of leaden fonts in the museums of Rouen and Amiens. English fonts of lead are chiefly of the Norman period ; recent attention to the details of ecclesiology has considerably extended the list. About the beginning of the present century, it was stated in the Axntiguarian Itinerary that only five were known. In Simpson’s Ancient Baptismal Fonts (1828), eight are mentioned. ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 73 In Paley’s Llustrations of Baptismal Fonts (1844), the list is in- creased to eighteen, but it is somewhat faulty. The sixth volume of the Archeological Journal (1850-1), gives the total number of English leaden fonts as twenty-two; whilst oles and Queries (1867-8) brought the list up to twenty-four. Mr. J. Lewis André, who has recently written excellent articles on the lead fonts of Sussex* and Surrey,t enumerates no less than twenty-nine; and now that we are able to add to the number that of Oxenhall, Gloucestershire, the total reaches thirty. The following list seems likely to be a complete one, and is, at all events, the fullest yet published :— Berkshive.—Childrey ; late Norman. Clewer ; Norman, Long Wittenham ; late Norman. Woolhampton ; Norman. Woolstone ; Norman. Derbyshive.—Ashover ; late Norman. Dorsetshire.—Wareham ; Norman. Gloucestershire. —Clunbridge ; c. 1640. Frampton-on-Severn. Llancourt ; Norman. Oxenhall ; Norman. Siston. Tidenham , Norman. Kent.—Brookland ; Norman. Chilham ; Post-reformation. Eythorne; 1628. Lincolnshire.—Barnetby-le-Wolde ; Norman. Norfolk.—Brundal ; Norman. Great Plumstead ; Norman. Hasingham ; Norman. Oxfordshire.—Clifton. Dorchester ; Norman. Warborough ; Norman. Somersetshire.—Pitcombe. Surrey.—Walton-on-the-Hill ; Norman. * Sussex Archeological Collections, Vol. xxxii., 1882. + Surrey Archeological Collections, Vol. ix., 1885. 74 ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. Sussex.—Edburton ; late Norman. Parham ; Decorated. Pilcombe ; late Norman. Wiltshire.—Avebury ; Norman. Chirton. Derbyshire, though probably furnishing the material for most of the leaden fonts of England, only possesses a single example, namely, that of Ashover. But the Derbyshire specimen (Plate V.) is one of which the county may be proud, for it is far superior to many of the leaden fonts, and may fairly be described as a good example of true art-workmanship, both in design and execution. The one that it most resembles is that of Walton-on-the-Hill, the bowl of which is encircled with an arcade of nine arches over as many seated figures. The font at Dorchester has also arcaded figures ; and the one at Childrey has twelve effigies of mitred bishops in as many recesses. The most elaborate specimen is that of Brookland, which has two rows of arcading, the upper having the signs of the zodiac, and the lower the labours of the month. The Ashover font attracted some little attention from archzo- logists at a time when other leaden fonts were altogether unnoticed. Mention is made of it in the treatises relative to fonts by Gough, Simpson, and others. It is engraved in the second volume of the Zopographer for the year 1790, and another equally poor and ill-proportioned wood-cut appeared many years later in the second volume of Glover’s Derbyshire. The font stands on a singularly plain and unsuitable stone base of octagonal shape, probably of fifteenth century workmanship. ‘The circular leaden bowl is divided into twenty arcades, in each of which stands an upright male figure, somewhat gracefully draped. Each figure holds a book in the left hand, and at first sight they all seem similar. But ‘closer observation shows that there are two sets of figures, which are repeated alternately. ‘Ten of them have the open right hand raised with the palm outwards, but the other ten have the right hand placed against the breast close to )) Se

= aS LEAD FONT, ASHOVER. PLATE V. ‘ ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 75 the book. All that we can say of the figures is that they are probably intended to give a general idea of apostles or Christian missionaries. Above the arcade is a narrow cable moulding that is wanting in several places. Below each figure are two well- shaped kind of escallop shells with a central dot or pearl in each ; these are separated by three curved lines of moulding below the base of each shaft of the arcade. Below this again is a con- tinuous band of moulding, the lines of which are cunningly twined round into repeated fleur-de-lys. The whole treatment of this lower work is most delicate, and must have produced a graceful effect when fresh from the designer’s hands. The date of this lead work is undoubtedly late Norman. The dimensions of the font are as follows :—Diameter, 233 in.; depth, 14 in. height of figures, 82 in. The Ashover font used to stand at the west end of the north aisle of Ashover church, and a part was lost to sight by its being placed against the wall. But, among other improvements recently effected by the present rector, is the moving of this font to a far more worthy position, just under the western archway into the tower, which is now opened out. Although this is the only leaden font in Derbyshire, there is another one in the South of England that has a striking link of connection with Derbyshire stamped upon it. The church of Parham, Sussex, possesses a singular leaden font, supposed to be the only known example of fourteenth century date. It is divided into compartments by perpendicular and horizontal panels of oblong shape, each bearing the legend, “IHC NAZAR,” in Lombardic capitals. In the spaces between these bands are small shields, bearing gironny within a bordure charged with roundels, the arms of Peverell of Sussex. Andrew Peverell was Knight of the Shire in 1351, and in many subsequent years; he was probably the restorer of the church, and undoubtedly the donor of the font. When seeking a design for the font of his gift, what more likely than that his mind should revert to a county that had been the cradle of the ancestors of his family, 76 ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. and that he should decide upon the use of a material so peculiarly associated with that midland shire ? * The way in which these leaden fonts were constructed seems to have been to cast them flat in the first instance, and then to bend them into the required circular shape. ‘The join, where the edges were soldered up, is usually obvious, as at Ashover, and sometimes not a little interferes with the pattern. The figures and ornaments are often mere repetitions, a single one being most likely carved in wood and then impressed on the sand as often as required to complete the design, which would be a great saving in the expense. Thus, at Ashover only two figures were carved, but each were re-used ten times. Lead found not only its chief use but its chief capacity for ornamental treatment in English domestic work, in connection with the conveyance of rain from roofs and walls. It was not, we believe, until the sixteenth century that the idea of continuous downcast rain-pipes attached to the wails was conceived ; at all events, it was not until that century that it came into anything like general operation. The object previously was to discharge the water into the air by projecting pipes, usually passing through gurgoyles, at some little distance from the walls. The way in which this was sometimes accomplished by a lead spout from a lead gutter is shown in the accompanying drawing of one of the gutters and spouts above the projecting or oriel windows of Mr. Gadsby’s old house at the back of Tenant Street, Derby. * There is a good drawing of this font in the Sussex Archaeological Collections, vol. xxxii., p. 78. ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 77 There seems good reason to assign the date of this house, (and the lead-work is clearly co-eval,) to the last quarter of the fifteenth century.* The gutter is also well worthy of reproduction, as showing a most effective though simple pattern, easily produced by nicking the edge of the lead, and curling it down in alternate depths. Surely this design might well commend itself to modern builders and architects. At Haddon Hall there is a remarkable display of elaborately- treated down-cast leaden pipes, with richly-ornamented cistern- heads, of varying dates and of much diversity. We are inclined to think that there is no other house in England so rich in art- work of this description. + The earliest in date of these details at Haddon is the one here engraved. The highly effective fleur- i aay, de-lis band, as well as » the circular ornament, have been applied and soldered on after the ordinary moulding has been completed. This cistern - head might easily escape the visi- tor’s attention, but it is to be seen from the short wooden gallery that leads across a very small open court, formed by some altera- tions in the building, to certain of the private apartments at the north-west angle of the upper court. The date seems to be of the first half of the sixteenth century, possibly of the time of Sir Henry Vernon, who died in 1515. * See drawings and account of this house by Mr. George Bailey, in the 2nd volume of the Derbyshire Arch. Journal, pp. 29, 30, plate ii. t The Building News, of August 30th, 1878, gave a lithographed sheet of sketches of the lead-work at Haddon Hall, but the drawings in the letterpress, by Mr. George Bailey, are more accurate. 78 ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, @R WORKINGS IN LEAD. The next illustration is from the head of one in the upper court, of a far simpler design. The letters and date tell their own tale. Sir John Manners, renowned in romance for his marriage with Dorothy, second daughter and co-heiress of Sir George Vernon, resided here from the death of his father- in-law, in 1577, to the time of his own decease, in 1611. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir George Manners, who was married on the 2nd of April, 1594, to Grace, eldest daughter of Sir Henry Pierpoint. Possibly the G, between the M I (for John Manners) and the M on the pipe below, as shown on this other head, which is also from the upper court, refers to Sir George, and to his wife Grace. In the same court is another em- battled pipe-head, evidently of about the same date as the last, and which, by a simple arrangement of plain mouldings, produces a quaint carica- ture of a human countenance, remind- ing us somewhat of the well-known Norman ‘mask’ so often used in the stone corbel-tables of our Norman churches. On the death of Sir George Manners, in 1623, he was succeeded by his eldest son John, who afterwards succeeded to the earldom of Rutland. Sir John was married, in 1628, to Frances, daughter of Edward Lord ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 79 Montagu. The highly elaborate work of the down-pipe, with its large cistern head and em- bossed wall fasteners, to be noted near the entrance in the lower court, must have been cast and placed here after this marriage, for the shield on the highest joint of the pipe bears three lozenges in fesse for Montagu. Otherwise we should have been inclined to have as- signed to this work a somewhat earlier date. The _ respective crests of the Vernon and Man- ners families — @ boars head erased, and a peacock displayed— occur frequently upon this and other pipes of the lower court- yard. There is one very remark- able feature about this cistern head, which is shared by others at Haddon, but which we have not noted nor heard of else- where, namely, that it has a false front, which enables some of the patterns to be cut through and pierced, so that the pattern shows sharp and clear against the shade of the inner and true cistern head. This arrangement adds much to the effect. The three upper circular ornaments of this , illustration, namely, those on each side of the upper boar’s head and the one immediately below, are thus treated. 80 ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. There is considerable variety and beauty of design in this other head and pipe, which are also to be found near the entrance in the lower court. The five upper ornaments are pierced in the way already de- scribed, but not those that press against the wall. We are also able to give drawings of two good pierced designs from another pipe in the upper court, which is other- wise plainly treated, the plain part being new. The last of our engravings of the Haddon lead work is another effective cistern head in the upper court, apparently of some- what later date than the others. Whether the stars or estoiles have any heraldic signification or not we are unable to say, but incline to the latter opinion. We believe it to be post-Restoration work of the second half of the seventeenth century. In Shaw’s Zvizabethan Architecture there are some drawings of ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 81 beautiful lead work in pipes and pipe-heads from the Prebendal House at Winchester, and also some plainer examples from Sher- borne, Dorset, and from Claverton, Somerset ; but we think it may again be safely repeated that there is no other place in Eng- land that can be compared in this respect with our famed Derby- shire Haddon. At Chaddesden Hall there are two downcast leaden pipes, with the lion and unicorn on the cistern heads, and the letters 5. There are also devices, such as a pelican and a cock, on the joints of the pipes. The initials obviously refer to Robert Wilmot, father of the first baronet, who married Joyce, daughter and co-heiress of William Sacheverell, of Morley. He rebuilt Chaddesden Hall early in the reign of Queen Anne. The finest leaden pipes and cistern heads of the time of Queen Anne that are in the county of Derby, are to be found against the little church of Trusley. It was rebuilt by Mr. William Coke, and opened on Aug. 6th, 1713. The zincotype gives so good an idea of the massive, well- moulded head and wall fasteners of these pipes that detailed description is unnecessary. The engraving repre- sents one close to the south entrance. The arms are those of Coke, of Trusley (gules, 3 crescents and a canton, ov) impaling Ballidon (argent, 2 bars, vert, each charged with 3 cross-crosslets, ov). William Coke, of Trusley, the only son of Robert Coke, was born in 1679. He mar- ried his first cousin, Catherine, daughter and heiress of Paul Ballidon, of Derby, in 1693. He was at that time only 13 years of age, whilst his bride was more than double his age, being 29. They had a son born to them in 6 82 ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 1694, but of their eight children, only two of the daughters, co- heiresses, survived their parents ; Cassandra, who married Edward Wilmot, of Spondon, and Frances, who married her kinsman, D’Ewes Coke. The crest of Coke of Trusley, a sun in splendour, will be noticed on the wall-fastener of the engraving ; the crest of Ballidon, a demi-lion, appears in other places. “It is generally supposed that the crescents on the coat of arms, and the sun as crest, were adopted by the family at the time of the Crusades to Palestine, when Richard introduced the custom of wearing armorial coats, and of having them engraved upon seals. His own broad seal, when he embarked for the Holy Land, contained two crescents (the Turkish ensign), and they seem not to have been uncommon emblems, as we read of another Prince (according to Speed) who, going against the Turks, adopted this motto, Plenior redibo (‘I will return more full’). Richard I., after his return from captivity in Germany, ordered a new broad seal to be engraved bearing a full moon, which Speed thinks was done emblematically. The adop- tion also of one of the heavenly bodies as a crest strengthens the probability of this coat of arms originating with the family in the manner described, and that they took arms from the badges of Richard—the moon and stars—which were emblazoned on all his standards, and cut upon his Great Seals.”* Cisterns of lead were also at one time, chiefly during the last century, objects of much decorative art. We have seen various cisterns much ornamented, in large gardens in different parts of the kingdom, of dates varying from 1740 to 1800. Mr. André mentions an excellent example that remains in use at The Cedars, Broad Green, Croydon; it has three panels in front and one at each end. The centre division has the date (1768), the others contain vases of flowers, a rich foliated cornice completing the design. But the best art that we have noticed in connection with cisterns is in Derbyshire, and occurs in an exceptionally handsome lead cistern in the grounds of Willersiey Castle, Cromford. (Plate VI.) Its size is 6 ft. by 2 ft. 8 in. and itis 3 feet deep. The * Coke of Trusley, a Family History, privately printed, 1880, pp. 6, 7- PLATE VI, ‘ATLSVD AAISUATIIM ‘NUALSID AVA =e "9 iii uinninniiuiiitiiiii ON DERBYSHIRE PLUMBERY, OR WORKINGS IN LEAD. 83 front and back of the tank are alike in their ornamentation, and so, too, are the ends. Inthe centre of the larger sides, above a conventional piece of foliage, is a well-designed group of two seated amorint, the boy, at whose feet is a basket of flowers, holding a wreath of roses over the girl. At each side is a bird on the tendril of a grape-vine, pecking at the fruit ; the bird is perhaps intended for a pea-hen. On each of the ends are two medallions, the one representing a female feeding an eagle, and the other a female feeding a stork. The larger sides also bear the initials R. A., and the date, 1794. It is almost needless to remark that the initials stand for the celebrated Sir Richard Arkwright. The manner of making these cisterns or tanks was as follows :— The size of the four sides was measured out, and the dimensions of the side first to be cast having been taken, slips of wood on which the outer mouldings had been previously cut, were pressed upon the sand, thus leaving their impression; and in the same way figures of birds, of foliage, or of whatever was required were pressed upon the internal surface of the smoothed sand from carved moulds, usually of wood, but sometimes of lead. The casting-table was of wood bound with iron, and was covered with fine smooth sand, on to which the lead was run. In the Hall garden, at Chaddesden, Derby, is a leaden tank 4 ft. 6 in. by 2 ft. and 2 ft. deep ; on a leaden plate on the pump above it is the Wilmot crest, with the initials, R. M. W., and the date 1773. These are the initials of Sir Robert Mead Wilmot, Bart., who died in 1793. It is very possible many excellent specimens of lead work in the county of Derby are here left unnoticed ; it will be a pleasure to learn from correspondents of particulars of any others, which may perhaps lead to a supplementary article. But however unfinished or imperfect this article may be, it may certainly, we believe, lay claim to this—that it is the first attempt made in any county or district of putting together that which is beautiful or interesting in the old art-treatment of a now too neglected material, which might be put to so many effective uses by builders and architects. 84 A Calendar of the jFines for the County of Derby, fron thetv commencement tw the reign of Richard L. By W. H. Hart, F.S.A. [Continued from Vol. VIII., ~. 64.) 1252. June 24—July 15. Warwick. In 3 weeks of the Nativity of S. John the Baptist, 36 Henry III. Between Walter de Bradeleg[h], by William de Lecto, his attorney, Plaintiff, and Robert de Willeweby the elder, by Ralph de Mileforde, his attorney, Deforctant. Grant by Deforciant, on Plaintiff’s request, to Geoffrey de Langele and Matilda his wife, and to their heirs begotten, of a moiety of the manor of Esshovere, and the advowson of the church of the same manor, and 4 librates of land in Pleseleg[h], and the marriage of Robert, Deforciant’s son and heir, from the Feast of S. Martin, 36 Henry III., for the term of 22 years, without per- forming any service; and in case of the death of Robert the younger in the lifetime of his father, before he shall come to his fee or be married cr not, then they shall have the marriage of Amabel Deforciant’s daughter, and likewise of all his other heirs in succes- sion, in case of Amabel’s death in Deforciant’s lifetime ; and if any of such heirs shall marry without licence, or refuse to marry when required, then the aforesaid tenements shall remain to Geoffrey and Matilda as aforesaid, until Deforciant or his heirs shall pay them 500 marks for the same marriage. Moreover, Deforciant doth agree that he will not give, sell, pledge, or in any other manner alienate any of the lands or tenements which he held on the day of the date of this Fine, as well of his inheritance as of the marriage of Margery, formerly his wife, mother of the aforesaid Robert the younger, by which the inheritance of Robert the younger would be June 25. June 25. CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 85 lessened ; saving to Deforciant 100 solidates of land which he may give to his daughter Amabel, if he will. Leicester. The morrow of the Nativity of S. John the Baptist, 36 Henry III. Between Richard, Abbot of Lilleshulle, by Adam de Neuport, one of his Canons, his attorney, Plazntzf7, and Richard de Gray, Tenant. Grant by Plaintiff to Tenant, in fee, of an oxgang of land and 2a. of assart, in Stoke. Leicester. Same date. Between Robert de Grendone, Plaintiff, and William de Mun- gumery, Deforciant. Grant by Deforciant that Plaintiff and his heirs might thenceforth take and have their reasonable estovers of husbote and haybote, and for burning and inclosing, within Deforciant’s wood of Sudbury, by the view of Deforciant’s foresters, except 2 pieces of the same wood called Raveleyhirst and Heymor ; and in case of Deforciant’s forester refusing to deliver the same, the Plaintiff and his heirs may enter the same wood and take their reasonable estovers without the view of Deforciant’s forester. Plaintiff also to have common of pasture for all his cattle throughout all the same woods ; and like- wise to have all his hogs of his own growing, at Aston, quit of pannage in the same woods. And grant, in consideration tiereof, by Plaintiff, that Deforciant and his heirs may assart, and cause to be cultivated, in the same woods and wastes, and inclose the same, at his pleasure, saving to Plaintiff and his heirs his reasonable estovers, and common of herbage in the same wastes and woods, and also common of pasture in the same closes and assarts after the corn and hay is carried. Sept. 29—Oct. 20. Westminster. In 3 weeks of S. Michael, 36 Henry III. Between Walter, Abbot of Dersl[ey], by Andrew, Prior of Dersl[ey], his attorney, Plazntzff, and Ralph FitzRalph, of Wystantone, by Geoffrey de Westone his attorney, Deforczant, Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciant to Plaintiff and to his successors, and to his church, in perpetuity, in frank- almoign, of I messuage, 2 oxgangs of land, 4 a. of meadow, gd. and [defaced] in Wystantone, performing to the chief iords of the fee all services pertaining thereto. Release also by De- forciant to the same of all right in all the lands and tenements held by him in Wystantone on the day of the date of this fine. In con- sideration whereof Plaintiff and his successors are to find, every 86 CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 1253. Feb. 2. April 8. April 20. year, for Deforciant and Matilda his wife, every day, 2 loaves and 2 conventual gallons of beer, and 2 dishes from the kitchen, as for 2 canons; and 2 loaves and one galion of beer, and one dish from the kitchen, as for one servant of the same church; and also 61s. a year for their lives; and in case of the death of Deforciant leaving his wife surviving, then Plaintiff shall be quit of a moiety of the aforesaid bread and beer and dishes, and of 29s. 6d. a year for ever ; and in case of the death of Matilda, leaving her husband surviving, then Plaintiff shall be quit of a moiety of the aforesaid bread and beer and dishes, and of 31s. 6d. for ever. Leicester and Westminster. Within 8 days of the Purification of B. V. M., 37 Henry III. Between Roger de Eyncurt, Plaintzff, and Robert de Sydenhale, Deforciant, and afterwards recorded at Westminster, Between the same, Plaintiff, and Roger de Sydenhale, brother and heir of the said Robert de Sydenhale, Deforczant. Grant by Deforciant, in consideration of a sparrow-hawk, to Plaintiff, in fee, of the homage and service of John son of Nicholas de Gyldeford in Stretton ; at the yearly rent of one pair of white gloves, or one halfpenny at Christmas, for all service, custom, and exaction. Cambridge. The morrow of the close of Easter, 37 Henry III. Between Roger de Eyncurt and Alice his wife, Plazntifs, by Robert de Pileslege his attorney, and Robert de Gretwith, and Lettice his wife, Deforciants. Grant, ona plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciants, in con- sideration of 36 silver marks, to Plaintiffs, in fee, of a messuage, and 30 acres of land in Haneleye ; also the homage and service of Walter de Ryboff and Felicia de Sydenhale. Westminster. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 37 Henry III. Between Oliver de Odingeseles, Plazntzf7,and Ralph de Bensey, Deforciant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciant to Plaintiff of the manor of Trusseleye ; and grant, in consideration thereof, by Plaintiff to Deforciant, for his life, of the capital messuage of the same manor, I13 roods of land, and 6 acres of meadow in the same manor; to wit, that Jand and meadow lying towards the south, together with a moiety of the services of free men, villeins, escheators, and relief pertaining to the same manor, saving to Plaintiff the homage of free men; and the residue of the same manor to remain to Plaintiff and Alienor and to the heirs of CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 87 1254. June 7. Plaintiff, at the yearly rent of one pair of white gloves at Easter ; and performing a proportionate part of the scutage of the same manor ; with reversion to Plaintiff and Alienor and Plaintiff’s heirs, at the yearly rent of £8 gs. 6d. ; and performing the scutage per- taining to the said manor. Deforciant not to beat liberty to grant, sell, pledge, or let to farm, or alienate in any way, nor to commit waste ; but saving to him, for his life, reasonable estovers for house- bote and haybote out of the wood belonging to the aforesaid manor. Westminster. Within 15 days of the Holy Trinity, 38 Henry III. Between Ralph de Bensey and Alienor, widow of Oliver de Odingesheles, on a plea that she refused to perform the services for the manor of Trusseleye referred to in the preceding Fine, and did not permit Bensey to have the moiety of the services of the free men of the same manor. Whereupon a plea of “‘ fine made” was summoned, viz., that Bensey granted, for himself and his heirs, that all the tenements which Alienor by. the previous fine held in the aforesaid manor, on the day of the date of this fine, together with the homage and all the services of the free men of the same manor, where previously she had only a moiety of the same services, should remain to her, and to the heirs of Oliver, at the yearly rent of a pair of white gloves at Easter; and performing a proportionate part cf scutage. And likewise all the tenements which Bensey held on the same day, in the same manor, should, after his decease, remain to Alienor, and to the heirs of Oliver, together with the residue of the same manor, in fee ; at the yearly rent of £4, instead of £8 gs. 6d.; and performing, for scutage, whatever pertains to the same manor, for all service. And in con- sideration of this Fine, Alienor gave to Bensey 194 silver marks. June 24.—July 9. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. John the Baptist, 38 Henry III. Between Nicholas son of Hugh of Broydeston and Joan his wife, Plaintiffs, and Baldwin of Breydeston and Katherine his wife, Deforciants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciants to Plaintiffs, and to the heirs of Plaintiff Nicholas, in fee, of 3 ploughlands, 50 acres of wood, and a mill in Snelleston, perform- ing to the chief lords of the fee all the services pertaining to the same tenements. Grant, in consideration thereof, by Plaintiff Nicholas to Deforciants, and to the heirs of Deforciant Baldwin begotten of his wife Katherine, of a ploughland in Chelardeston ; performing to the chief lords of the fee all services ; with reversion, 88 CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. in case of the death of Deforciants without such heirs, to Plaintiff in fee. September 29.—October 13. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. Michael, 38 Henry III. Between William son of Henry of Adewyk, Plaintiff, and Stephen son of John of Breydeston, Zenant. Grant, on a recognizance of great assize, by Plaintiff, in con- sideration of fifteen silver marks, to Tenant, in fee, of 8 oxgangs of land in Breydeston, at the yearly rent of 6d., and performing the foreign service pertaining to the same. September 29.—October 27. Westminster. Within one month of S. . 1255 Michael, 38 Henry III. Between Robert de Clanmcegan (?), by Ralph de Edwalton his attorney, Plaintiff, and Felicia Fitz Roger, by Brian Fitz Richard, her attorney, Deforczant. Grant by Plaintiff to Deforciant, for her life, of 3 oxgangs, 44 acres of land in La Forde, Henlegh, and Heggestowe, at the yearly rent of half a silver mark ; and performing to the chief lords of the fee all other services pertaining to the same land. Westminster. Within 3 weeks of Easter, 39 Henry III. March 28.—April 9. Between Richard son of Richard Ingeram, Plaintiff, and Eustace de Folevile, Deforciant. Grant by Deforciant that he and his heirs would thenceforth acquit plaintiff and his heirs of the service which the bailiffs of the Honour of Peveril and John de Eyncurt exacted from him for his free tenement which he held of Deforciant in Oxecroft, whereof Deforciant, who is the mesne between them ought to acquit him ; and whereof Plaintiff complained that in Deforciant’s default, the aforesaid bailiffs distrained him to perform suit at the court of the aforesaid Honour from 3 weeks to 3 weeks ; and the aforesaid John de Eyncurt distrained him to perform homage. March 28.—May 3. Westminster. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 39 Henry III. June 25. Between William son of Henry de Adewyk, Plazntif, and Nicholas de Wermundeswrh’, Zenant. Grant by Plaintiff, in consideration of 11 silver marks, to Tenant, in fee, of 5 oxgangs of land in Breydeston, at the yearly rent of 2s., and performing the foreign services pertaining to the same. Westminster. The morrow of the Nativity of S. John the Baptist, 39 Henry III. Between Robert le Vavassur, Plaznizff, and Nicholas de Wer- mundeswrh’, Deforciant. CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 89 Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciant, in con- sideration of 60 silver marks, to Plaintiff, in fee, of one messuage, and one ploughland in Maperleg’, at the yearly rent of a pair of white gloves and one halfpenny at Easter, and performing to the chief lords of the fee all services. September 29—October 13. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. Michael, 39 Henry III. Between Ralph de Bensey and Alienor, widow of Oliver de Doddingesheles, concerning the plaint of Ralph that whereas by a fine levied between him, Plaintiff, and Alienor, Deforciant, the manor of Trussle remained to Alienor, and the heirs of Oliver, formerly her husband, to hold of the same Ralph for her life, at the yearly rent of one pair of white gloves, and performing the scutage pertaining to the same manor ; and after his decease, of the heirs of the same Ralph, at the yearly rent of £4, but the said Alienor re- fused to perform these services. Release therefore, on a plea of fine levied, by the said Ralph, in consideration of 15 silver marks, to Alienor, and to the heirs of Oliver, of the same manor, and also of all claim of the £4 yearly, or any other services for the same manor, for ever. Saving to Ralph, and the heirs of his body, one oxgang and 3 acres of land, and one acre of meadow, all of which were held by him in the same manor, on the day of the date of this fine, at the yearly rent of 1d. at Easter forall service, with remainder to the said Alienor in fee. And all instruments previously made between them concerning this manor were to be amended by this fine. 1256 Derby. Within the octaves of S, Hilary, 4o Henry III. January 13-20. Between Walter, Abbot of Derleg’, Plazntiff, and Robert de Wynnefeld, Deforciant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciant to Plaintiff and his church of S. Mary, Derleg’, in frankalmoign, of 6 oxgangs of land in Wystantone, free from all secular service. Plaintiff took Deforciant and his heirs into all the benefits and prayers which should thenceforth take place in their church. April 16-30. Westminster. Within 15 days of Easter, 4o Henry III. Between Geoffrey de Langeleg[h], Placntzf, and Robert de Wyleby in Ketstevene, Deforciant. Grant by Deforciant, in consideration of £40 sterling, to Plaintiff and his heirs begotten of his wife Matilda, or in default, to other his nearest heirs, in fee, of 18 librates of land in Ashover, together with the advowson of the church of the same vill., at the yearly go CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 1257 June 3-17. September November rent of one pair of gilt spurs, or 6d., at Michaelmas, and performing the foreign service due. Release, in consideration thereof, by Plaintiff to Deforciant of all right and claim which he had in all the lands and tenements previously held by Plaintiff of Deforciant in Pleseleg[h] from Deforciant’s demise and grant, and likewise in the marriage of Robert, son and heir of Deforciant, or of the other heirs of Deforciant, for ever. And be it known that the fine previously made between the same parties concerning the same lands and tene- ments in Pleseleg[h] and Ashover, is by this fine annulled. Westminster. Within 15 days of the Holy Trinity, 41 Henry III. Between Aldeluya, widow of Robert le Sauvage, Plazntiff, and John le Sauvage whom Jocelin de Steynesby vouched to warranty, and who did warrant him. Release by Plaintiff to John le Sauvage and his heirs, of the third part of 6 oxgangs of land in Herdwike, of 2 oxgangs of land in Hertistoft, of one messuage and one oxgang of land in Eshveyt, of 2 oxgangs of land in Thorneweyt, of 3 oxgangs in Nerthorp, of 40 acres of land in Westwode, of one messuage and one oxgang of land in Steynesby, of 2 oxgangs of land in Heth, of one messuage and 2 oxgangs of land in Holecote, of 100 acres of assart in Nortwode, of 50 acres of land in Brodewode and Tharllecrof, of 30 acres of land in Le Hallesclyf, of 30 acres of land in Soudherde- wik, of 30 acres of land in Frythewode, of 12 acres of wood in Gryves, all of which she claimed as dower. And also release by the same to Joceline and his heirs of all right and claim which she had to dower in all other lands and tenements which Joceline and William son of Petronilla of Heth held in fee in the soke of Steynesby. Grant, in consideration thereof, by John le Sauvage to the aforesaid Aldeluya, for her life, of 40 shillings annually. Grant also by Joceline to the same, for her life, of 34 silver marks. 29—October 13. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. Michael, 41 Henry III. Between Anker de Frescherville, Plaintzf7, and Walter, Abbot of Derleye, by Robert de Makeneye, his attorney, Deforczant. Release, on an assize of last presentation, by Plaintiff, in con- sideration of 15 silver marks to Deforciant, in frankalmoign, of the advowson of the church of Alwoldestone as a chapel pertaining to the mother church of S. Michael, Derleye. 11-25. Nottingham. Within 15 days of S. Martin, 42 Henry III. Between Robert de Clamorgan, Plaintiff, and Robert Fitz Walkelin and Emma his wife, Deforczants. CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. gt 1258 Jan. 13-20. Jan. 13-20. Jan. 13-20, Jan. 13-20 Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciants, in con- sideration of a sparrow hawk, to Plaintiff, in fee, of a messuage, and an oxgang of land in La Forde, at the yearly rent of 6d. for all service, suit of court, custom, and exaction. Derby. Within the Octaves of S. Hilary, 42 Henry III. Between William son of William Tysun, /7/aintiff, and William Tysun, Deforciant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Plaintiff to Deforciant, for his life, of 3 messuages, and 2 virgates and 9 acres of land in Pulteneye, at the yearly rent of a clove gillyflower at Christmas, and performing to the chief lords of the fee all other services pertain- ing to the aforesaid tenements. Derby. Same date. Between William son of Henry of Athelwyk, Plaintiff, and William son of Henry of Breydestone, Zezant. Grant, on a recognizance of great assize, by Plaintiff, in considera- tion of 4 silver marks, at the request of Tenant, to master John de Derby, in fee, of 3 oxgangs, and 10 acres of land in Breydestone, at the yearly rent of 2s. This fine was made in the presence, and with the consent, of Alice, Tenant’s wife, who was enfeoffed of the aforesaid land together with her husband. Derby. Same date. Between William son of Henry of Athelwyk, Plaintiff, and Elias Fitz Odo, Henry Attegrene, Roger de Angulo, Alan son of Geoffrey of Breydestone, and Nicholas Fitz Elias, Tenants. Grant, on a recognizance of great assize, by Plaintiff, in con- sideration of 10 marks sterling, to Tenant Elias Fitz Odo, in fee, of 2 oxgangs of land, except 4 acre, in Breydestone 3 to Tenant Henry Attegrene, in fee, of 2 oxgangs of land, except 4 acre, ‘in the same vill; to Tenant Roger de Angulo, in fee, of 2 oxgangs of land, except 4 acre, in the same vill ; to Tenant Alan son of Geoffrey of Breydestone, in fee, of one oxgang of land, except 1 rood, in the same vill; and to Tenant Nicholas Fitz Elias, in fee, of 3 oxgangs of land, except I acre, in the same vill, at the yearly rent of 6d. for each oxgang, and performing the foreign and all other services. Nicholas de Wermundesworth doth put in his claim. Derby. Same date. Between William son of Henry of Athewyk, Plaintiff, and 92 CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Jan. 13-20. Jan, 13-20. Jan. 13-20. Jan. 13-20. Roger Duredent, whom Nicholas de Wermundesworth vouched to warranty, and who did warrant him. Grant, on a recognizance of great assize, by Plaintiff, at the request of Roger Duredent, to Nicholas de Wermundesworth, in fee, of 4 oxgangs of land in Breydestone, at the yearly rent of 2s. and performing all other services. And release by same Roger to Plaintiff and his heirs of all claim in the same land, and also in the homage and services of said Nicholas and his heirs for ever. And moreover the same Roger gave to Plaintiff gos. sterling. Derby. Same date. Between Hugh de Stredleg[h], Plazvtzff, and Adam de Camera and Albred his wife, Deforczants, Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciants, in con- sideration of a sparrow-hawk, to Plaintiff, in fee, of 44 acres of land, and the moiety of a toft in Wardelawe, at the yearly rent of }d. at Pentecost, and performing to the chief lords of the fee all other services. Derby. Same date. Between Alexander Le Mercer of Esseburne, Plaintiff, and Simon de Combrugge and Sarah his wife, Deforciants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, by Deforciants, in con- sideration of 13 silver marks, to Plaintiff, in fee, of 25 oxgangs of land in Helintone ; at the yearly rent of one pound of cummin at Michaelmas, and performing to the chief lords of the fee all other services. Derby. Same date. Between William Fitz Gamel and Margery his wife, Plaintiffs, and Richard le Keu, Zezant. Grant, on a plea of mort d’ancestor, by Plaintiffs, in considera- tion of 24s. sterling, to Tenant, in fee, of a toft in Esseburne. The Dean and Chapter of Lincoln and the vicar of Esseburne do put in their claim. Derby. Same date. Between Hugh de Akovere, Plaintiff, and Nicholas de Wermundesworthe and Joan his wife, Deforczants. Grant by Deforciants, in consideration of 55 silver marks, to Plaintiff, in fee, of 3 carucates of land, 50 acres of wood, anda mill in Snellestone. And Deforciants did deliver up in court to Plaintiff all the muniments which they had relating to the afore- said tenements. CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 93 Jan. 13-29. Derby. Within 15 days of S. Hilary, 42 Henry III. Between Roger Duredent, Plazntiff, and Nigel de Langeford, Deforciant. Release by Plaintiff to Deforciant, in fee, of the reasonable estovers exacted by Plaintiff in Deforciant’s woods in Langeford, to wit, in his park, and in all other his woods in the same vill, for housebote, haybote, and for burning and inclosing ; with liberty to inclose the same park with a ditch and haw, and to make his profit thereof, at his pleasure, without any estovers, or any common which Plaintiff or his heirs could claim in the same park, so that if Plaintiff's cattle, through any defect in the ditch or inclosure, entered the same park, they should not be imparked, but should be driven back, without any detriment, or without making any amends for the damage they might do. Grant also by Plaintiff that Defor- ciant and his heirs might at his pleasure rebuild all buildings, and likewise re-inclose by a haw all assarts, by him previously made and inclosed in Langeford and Wudehuse, and which, at Plaintiff's suit, were, by the judgment of the King’s Court, afterwards thrown down, saving to Plaintiff and his heirs common of pasture in the same assarts, for all kinds of cattle, with free ingress and egress with the same, after the hay and corn are carried. Grant, in consideration thereof, by Deforciant that Plaintiff and his heirs might have and take his reasonable estovers in all other woods and moors of Deforciant in Langeforde and Bubeldene, without the view of his foresters, for building, burning, and in- closing, in perpetuity, except a certain place called Le Parrok, in which Deforciant’s fowleries are situate, where it shall not be law- ful for Plaintiff or his heirs to cut down or take any estovers. And moreover Deforciant gave to Plaintiff, in fee, one mark of yearly rent out of a certain water mill in Langeforde called Bubeldene- mylne, with power to distrain on the iron of the same mill, in case of non-payment ; and in case the mill should fail at any time, then to distrain on chattels of Deforciant found in the aforesaid assarts. 94 A Literal Transcript of the Oldest Register of UAest Hallam, Derbyshire, Made for this work by Rev. CHARLES Kerry, Curate in Charge of Stonebroom. By the kind permission of Rev. Nigel Madan, Rector. "gm | HE original is a coverless document, consisting of thirty- #/ nine leaves of parchment, and measuring eight inches by five and a quarter. The second and third leaves, containing entries between 1545 and 1557, have been torn out apparently many years ago. The entries on the first page, from wear and exposure, are nearly obliterated. ‘‘LIBER WEST HALLAMIE” ‘““WILLs. SMADLEY ” “ PEDAGOGE IBIDEM” “«TRANSCRIPT,” “ANNO DOMINI” 1620. 1538 November 24 Johannes ......... wson baptiz...... 28 Guillelms Stalye fillius Richard ............ 1539 June 3 Jone ........ ..- 24 Johannes Wallia...... .....+-+ 30 Mathew Baldock filius......... baptizatus August I Margareta .........t.00++ November 7 Brigget Hutchynson ...........- 14 Margareta Sylcock filia (Frances ?) THE OLDEST REGISTER OF WEST HALLAM, DERBYSHIRE. 95 January 12 Nicholas (/ood/et...?) fillis Guillelms bap March 20 Richardus Turner fillis............ 1540 Aprill 19 Johannes . ......field ............ May 12 Ffrancisca (Hayton ?) filia Roberti bap August 6 Brigitta .......... “SOM, ccaceuet erst (End of first page.) LORETO Smyth filia Ricardi baptizata fuit Bese seccace Rowlandus Stayley filius Nicholi baptizatus fuit eee 4 Nicholias Lowson fillius Nicholi baptizatus fuit .++++--.18 Ffrancisca Gregory fillia Johannis baptizata fuit 1545 March 18 Edwardus Doughtie fillius Guillelmi baptizatus fuit 1546 _ April 13 Thomas Wawen fillius Jacobi baptizatus fuit 20 Elsabeth Gregory fillia Johanni baptizata fuit Septemb, 21 Anna Widdewis fillia Johannis baptizata fuit March 15 Anna Newton fillia Johanni ) 23 Isabella Salfourd fillia Johanni | g 1547 By Aprill 1 George Gregory fillius Johanni t a 10 Robertus Doughtie fillius Guillielmi | S July 1 Radulphus Hutchynson fillius Guillelmi } € 22 Henricus fillius Riccardi Staley 1545 paexeaese 1 Walter Powtherell fillius Thome baptizatus fuit sseee:ee-29 Maria Powtherell fillia Mr. Thome baptiza fuit .+sesee. 3 Margareta Eton fillia Johanni visitatio in Darbie _) baptizati sige RRerersnt feecsaves : - 56 THE RHYMED CHRONICLE OF JOHN HARESTAFFE. EDITED BY THE Rev. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. - 71 ON THE EARLY DESCENT OF THE FERRERS. By JoHN BooTtH - - - - - - - - - 148 A CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY FROM THEIR COMMENCEMENT IN THE REIGN OF RICHARD I. BYaWe ti ART, FSA = - - - - - - 151 _ Recent Discovery OF ROMAN REMAINS AT LITTLE CHESTER. By W. THOMPSON WATKIN - - - - - - - 159 iv LIST OF PLATES. DOLICHO-CEPHALIC SKULL FROM HADDON FIELDS QuUERN FRAGMENT FROM HADDON FIELDS OUTLINE PEDIGREE OF VERNON) - - - - HaZELBADGE MANOR HOUSE - - - : - SupBuRY HALL—DaATED STONES - - - - FAc-SIMILE OF FERRERS’ DEED - - = - TO FACE PAGE RoMAN POTTERY, FOUND AT LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY 52 53 74 76 77 148 159 ¥v mIST OF OFFICERS. THE Vice DUKE OF NorFoLk, E.M. DUKE OF PORTLAND. MARQUESS OF HARTINGTON. LorD SCARSDALE. Lorp VERNON. LorpD WATERPARK. Lorp BELPER. Lorp HowarpD OF GLOssoP. LorpD HINDLIP. Lorp BurTON. RicHT Rev. Lorp BISHOP OF LICHFIELD. RIGHT REv. LorD BISHOP OF SouTHWELL. Hon. E. K. W. CoKe. JouN BAILEy. GEORGE BAILEY. WILLIAM BEMROSE. JouNn BorouGuH, F.S.A. F.S.A. Rev. M. K. S. FRITH. WILLIAM JOLLEY. REv. F. JouRDAIN, RICHARD KEENE. F, J. RoBinson, Hon. Creasurer : C. E. NEwrTon. . ~ J. B, Coutson, Rev. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., C. G. SAVILE Forjamse, M.P., Aresivdent : DiS OLE DEW ON Sree K.G,. - Presidents : Hon. W. M. JERVIs. Hon. FREDERICK STRUTT. RIGHT Rey. BisHop ABRAHAM. Sir H. S. Witmort, - Barr., WelCse MGnlsp Sir J. G. N. ALLEYNE, BART. Sir ANDREW BARCLAY WALKER, BART. Sir WILLIAM T. Evans, Bart. Very Rev. DEAN OF LICHFIELD. VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON. J. G. Crompton, Esq. N. C, Curzon, Esa. G. F. MEYNELL, Esa. H. H. Bemrosg, Esa. Council : | C. JAMES CADE. E. Coo.ine. | J. GALLop. | T. W. CHARLTON. / E, GREENHOUGH. | SIR JAMES ALLPORT. | W. H. HopcGEs. W. MALLALIEU,. Wn. Wess, M.D. W. R. HOLLAND. | Rev. CHARLES KERRY. | ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. | A. E, COKAYNE. Hon. Secretary: | ARTHUR Cox. Auditors : | Wm. BEMROSE, RULES: I.—NAME. The Society shall be called the “‘ DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HIsTorRY SOcIETY.” II.—Opsject. The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate _ the Archeology and Natural History of the County of Derby. III].—OPERATION. The means which the Society shall employ for effecting its objects are :— 1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the Exhibition of Antiquities, etc., and the discussion of subjects connected therewith. 2.—General Meetings each year at given places rendered Interesting by their Antiquities, or by their Natural development. 3.—The publication of original papers and ancient documents, etc. IV.— OFFICERS. The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice- Presidents, whose election shall be for life; and an Honorary _ Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. V.—CounNcIL. The General management of the affairs and property of the Society shall be vested in a Council, consisting of the President, vill RULES. Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary and twenty-four Members, elected from the general body of the Subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the Council. VI.—ADMISSION OF MEMBERS. The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any meeting of the Council, or at any General Mectings of the Society. VII.—SuBSsCRIPTION. Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All Subscriptions to become due, in advance, on the 1st January each year, and to be paid to the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life Membership. The composition of Life Members and the Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. VIII.—Honorary MEMBERS. The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in number. Their privilege shall be the same as those of Ordinary Members. IX.— MEETINGS OF COUNCIL. The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, at such place’or places as may be determined upon. Special meetings may also be held at the request of the President, or Five Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a quorum. RULES. 1X X.—Sus-CoOMMITTEEs. The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for confirmation. XI.—GrENERAL MEETINGS. The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report shall be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the Council filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any time call a General Meeting, specifying the object for which that Meeting is to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General Meetings to be sent to each Member. XII.—ALTERATION OF RULES. No alteration in the Rules of the Society shall be made except by a majority of two-thirds of the Members present at an Annual or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any intended alteration to be sent to each Member at least seven days before the date of such Meeting. LIST OF MEMBERS. Re The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (*) are Life Members. Bloxham, M. H, F.S.A., Rugby. Cox, Rey. J. Charles, LL.D. F.S.A., Barton-le-Street Rectory, Malton. Hart, W. Il., F.S.A., Public Record Office, Fetter Lane, London. Fitch, R., F.S.A., Norwich. , Honorary Members. Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. Irvine, J. T., 167, Cromwell Road, Peterborough. Watkin, W. Thompson, 242, West Derby Road, Liverpool. Wrottesley, General The Hon. George, 55, Warwick Road, South Kensington, London. Abney, Captain W. de W., F_R.S., Willesley House, Wetherby Road, South Kensington, London. *Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. Addy, S. O., George Street, Sheffield. Alexander, Rev. C. L., Stanton-by-Bridge, Derby. Alleyne, Sir John G, N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. Allport, Sir James, Duffield, Derby. Alsop, Anthony, Wirksworth. Allsopp, The Hon. A. Percy, Streethay Lodge, Lichfield. *Arkwright, Rev. W. Harry, Vicarage, Cromford. Arkwright, James C., Cromford. *Arkwright, F. C., Willersley, Cromford. \ Bagshawe, F. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. Bailey, George, 32, Crompton Street, Derby. LIST OF MEMBERS. xi Balguy, F. Noel, 9, Pelham Street, South Kensington, London. Balston, The Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. Barnes, Capt., Beaconsfield, Bucks. Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby, Bateman, F. O. F., Breadsall Mount, Derby. Battersby, T., Kedleston Road, Derby. Beamish, Major, R.E., 28, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Beard, Neville, The Mount, Ashburne. Belper, The Right Honourable Lord, Kingston Hall. Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. Bennett, George, Irongate. Derby. *Bickersteth, The Very Rev. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield. Bishop, E. J., Osmaston Road, Derby. Blackwell, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. Bland, Wm., Duffield, Derby. Blandford, Rev. H. E., Ockbrook. Boden, Richard, Grove Terrace, Osmaston Road, Derby. Boden, Walter, Gower Street, Derby. Boden, Rev. C. J., Morley Rectory, Derby. Bogonschevsky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. Borough, John, The Cedars, Belper. Bowring, Chas., Duffield Road, Derby. Bradbury, Edward, 16, Arboretum Street, Derby. Bridge, Rev. T., Poyton, Stockport. Bridgeman, O. Granville, Bilton Hall, Rugby. Brigden, Geo., Irongate, Derby. Brindley, Benjn., South Parade, Derby. Brooke, Rev. Wm., 70, Bloomfield Street, Derby. Bromwich, Rev.{C. T., S. Werburgh’s, Derby. Brushfield, T. N., M.D., The Cliff, Budleigh-Salterton, Devon. Bryan, Benjn., 1, Victoria Street, London, S.W. Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Street, Derby. Burton, The Right Hon. The Lord, Rangemoor, Burton-on-Trent. Busby, C. S. B., Duffield Road, Derby. Butler, W., Smith’s Bank, Derby. Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. *Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. Campion, Frederick, Ockbrook, Derby. Campion, Frank, Duffield Road, Derby. Cantrill, Mrs. W., Charnwood Street, Derby. Xl LIST OF MEMBERS. Carter, F., Irongate, Derby. Chancellor, Rev. J., S. John’s, Derby. Charlton, Tiiomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Wingfield. Clark, G. D’Arcy, Highfield House, Derby. Clark, Rev. Walter, B.D., St. Helen’s, Derby. Clayton, Mrs., Queen Street, Derby. Clay, T. Spender, Ford Manor, Lingfield, Surrey. Clowes, Wm., Norbury, Ashburne. Clulow, Edward, Junr., Victoria Street, Derby. Cokayne, Andreas E., Bakewell. *Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London. *Coke, Colonel, Debdale Hall, Mansfield. Coke, The Hon. Edward Keppel Wentworth, Longford Hall. *Coke, Major Talbot, Hardwick House, Richmond Hill, Surrey. Cooling, Edwin, Irongate, Derby. Cooke, Charles, Spondon. Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. Coulson, J. B., Friar Gate, Derby Coulson, G. M., Friar Gate, Derby. Cox, William, Brailsford. Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby.- Cox, F. W., Priory Flatte, Breadsall, Derby. Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. Crompton, J. G., Lilies, Derby. *Cross, Robert, Bakewell. Croston, James, F.S.A., Upton Hall, Prestbury, Cheshire. Crowther, William, Free Library, Derby. Curgenven, W. G., M.D., Friar Gate, Derby. Currey, B. S., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. Currey, Percy H., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. ‘Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. Dalton, C. B., Grove Terrace, Derby. Davey, John, Gerard Street, Derby. Davis, Frederick, F.S.A., Palace Chambers, S. Stephen’s, Westminster. Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. Disbrowe, Miss, Walton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Downing, Wm., Olton, Birmingham. Dunn, C. B. Noble, The Tors, Crich, Derby. LIST OF MEMBERS Xili Eckett, S. B., ddvertiser Office, Derby. Eddowes, C. K. Eddowes, Mrs. C. K. Is Mary’s Gate, Derby. Eddowes, Miss Edmunds, Wilfred, Derbyshire Times, Chesterfield. Egerton, Admiral the Hon. F., Devonshire House, London. *Evans, Sir T. W., Bart., Allestree, Derby. Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. *Evans, John, Highfields, Derby. Evans, Henry, West Bank, Derby. Evans, Robert, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. *Eyre, Lewis, 78, Radcliffe Gardens, Kensington, London, S.W. *Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. Feilden, Rev. Randle, Mugginton, Derby. Ffytche, Lewis, F.S.A., The Terrace, Freshwater, I. W. Fisher, Edwd., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot, Devon. *FitzHerbert, J. K., 'wynham, Bournemouth. *FitzHerbert, Rev. Regd. H. C., Somersal Herbert, Derby. *Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P.,.F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark. Forman, Rev. T. R., S. Alkmund’s, Derby. Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby. Fox, Rev. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. *Freer, Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. Frith, Rev. M. K. S., The Vicarage, Allestree. Furneaux, Rev. W. M., Repton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. Garbutt, Horace, 31, Friar Gate, Derby. *Gisborne, Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. Gisborne, T. M., 64, Canning Street, Liverpool. Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. Goodall, Thomas Sorby, 5, S. Peter’s Street, Derby. Goode, Mrs. Gregory, Henry, Duffield Road, Derby. Greenhough, Edward, Parkfield, Willersley Road, Matlock. Greensmith, L. J., Longcliffe House, Charnwood Street, Derby. Greenwell, Geo. C., F.G.S., Elm Tree Lodge, Duffield. Gresley, Rev. L. S., Ashover. Groves, Rev. C. W., Grammar School, Risley. Hall, W. S., 39, Hartington Street, Derby. Hall, J. Payne, Uttoxeter. XIV LIST OF MEMBERS. Hall, Rev. Tansley, Boyleston, Derby. Hambly, C. H. Burbidge, Holmside, Hazelwood, Derby. Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. Hartington, The Most Noble the Marquess of, M.P., Devonshire House, Piccadilly, London. Hartshorne, Albert, Bradbourne, Wirksworth. Harwood, James, Corn Market, Derby. Harpur-Crewe, Lady, Spring Hill, East Cowes, I. W. *Harpur-Crewe, Hugo, Chantrey House, Melbourne. Haslam, A. Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. Haslam, W. Coates, Ripley, Derby. Heather, Rev. W. M., Cauldon, Ashburne. Hefford, T. N., 46, Queen Street, Derby. Henley, Mrs. A., 145, Uttoxeter New Road. Hindlip, The Right Hon, the Lord, Hindlip Hall, Worcester. Hipkins, Rev. F.C., Priory, Repton. Hodges, W. H., Osmaston Road, Derby. Holland, W. R., Ashburne. Hollis, H. W., F.R.A.S., Butterley. Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Derby. Holmes, H. M., London Road, Derby. Holmes, H. M., Jun., London Road, Derby. Holmes, G. E., London Road, Derby. Holoran, G. B., Osmaston Road, Derby. Hope, Rev. William, S. Peter’s, Derby. Hope, W. H. St. John, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London. Hope, R. C., F.S.A., Albion Crescent, Scarborough. Hope, Miss Rose E., 13, Ashburne Road, Derby. *Hovenden, R. Heathcote, Park Hill Road, Croydon. Howard, The Right Hon. Lord, of Glossop, Glossop Hall. Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. Howe, W. E., Fernie Bank, Matlock Bath, Huish, Darwin, Wardwick, Derby. Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook, Derby. Hunter, John, Field Head House, Belper. *Hurt, Albert F., Alderwasley, Derbyshire. - Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. Jackson, John P., Stubbing Edge, Chesterfield. *Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. Jervis, Hon. E. S. Parker, Aston Hall, Sutton Coldfield. LIST OF MEMBERS. xv Jeudwine, W. W., Hollywell House, Chesterfield. Jobson, J., The Cottage, Spondon, Derby. Jobson, Godfrey, Derwent Foundry, Derby. Johnson, E. S., Littleover Hill, Derby. Johnson, Rev. Wm., Repton. Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. Jones, Joseph, Babington Lane, Derby. Jones, Rev. T. J., Tickenhall, Derby. Jones, T., Jun., 10, Edge Hill Road, Nether Edge, Sheffield. Joseph, Ferguson, Friar Gate, Derby. Jourdain, Rev, Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. Keene, Richard, Iron Gate, Derby. Kerry, Rev. Chas., Stonebroom, Alfreton. Keys, John, London Road, Derby. Kingdon, Clement B., Ednaston Lodge. Kirkland, Capt. Walter, 3, West Terrace, Eastbourne. Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. Langdon, W., The Lawn, Belper. Leacroft, Rev. C. H., The Brackenfield, Alfreton. Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Moor End, Sheffield. Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter of—Chas. Gresley, The Close, Lichfield. Lichfield, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. Lindsay, J. Murray, M.D., Mickleover, Derby. i Litherland, Hy., Ravenshoe, Burton Road, Derby. Livesay, Wm., M.D., Sudbury, Derby. Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby, Longdon, Frederick, Osmaston Road, Derby. Lott, Edward, Corn Market, Derby. Lott, F. B., Huddersfield. Lowe, Major A. E. Lawson, F.S.A., Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow. Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby, Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield, and Watford Villa, New Mills, Stockport. Maclean, Hugh, Ashburne. Madan, Rev. Nigel, West Hallam. Mallalieu, W., Swallows’ Rest, Ockbrook. Manton, J. O., Wharfdale Villa, Swinburne Street, Derby. Marriott, J. C., Darley Abbey, Derby. Maunsell, J. Poole, Mercury Office, Derby. XV1 LIST OF MEMBERS. McInnes, E., 100, Osmaston Road, Derby. Meakin, Miss Meakin, Miss Harriette Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Spondon. Mellor, H. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Mills, Henry, Laurels, Etwall. Milnes, Rev. Herbert, the Vicarage, Winster. Milnes, E. S., Culland Mount, Derby. Mole, R. I. Homer, Full Street, Derby. Molineux, Rev. C. H., Staveley Rectory, Chesterfield. Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. *Mundy, Meynell, 30, Green Park, Bath. Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. Mundy, Rev. T. B., Wilne, Derby. Murray, Frank, London Street, Derby. Naylor, J. R., Charnwood Street, Derby. Neal, Thos., Chestnut House, Highfield Road, Derby. Needham, E. M., Duffield, Derby. Newdigate, Colonel F. W., West Hallam, Derby. ‘Newmane, Madame Cavania, George Street, Derby. Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. Nodder, Miss Jemima C., Marsh Green, Ashover, Chesterfield. Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, E.M., Arundel Castle. Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. Oakes, C. H., Holly Hurst, Riddings. Oakes, James, Holly Hurst, Riddings. Olivier, Rev. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. *Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood, Mansfield. Portland, His Grace the Duke of, Welbeck, Notts. Pountain, Lieut.-Colonel, Barrow-on-Trent. Ratcliffe, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent. Redfern, James, Etwall. Robinson, F. J., Darley Slade, Duffield Road, Derby. *Rutland, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Belvoir Castle. LIST OF MEMBERS. xvii Sale, Richard, Barrow Hill, Derby. Sale, W. H., The Uplands, Burton Road, Derby. Sankay, W. H., Sandiacre, Derby. Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston, *Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. Seely, Charles, Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. Sheldon, T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. Sitwell, Sir Geo., Bart., Renishaw, Chesterfield. Slack, J. B., Ripley, Derby. Sleigh, John, Eversley, Matlock. Smith, F. N., Wingfield Park, Alfreton. Sneyd, Dryden, Ashcombe, Leek. Sorby, Clement, Darley Dale. *Southwell, Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, Thurgarton Priory, Notts. Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. Statham, Geo. E., Matlock Bridge. Stephenson, M., 3, Rowden Buildings, Temple, London, E.C. Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. Strick, Richard, Silverdale, Staffordshire. *Strutt, the Hon. Frederick, Milford House, Derby. Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Derby. Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. Sutton, Edward, Shardlow Hall. Swann, Rev. Kirke, Forest Hill Lodge, Warsop, Mansfield. Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. Swingler, Henry, Ireton Wood House, Derby. Taylor, Frederick Ernest, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, Tom G., Hartington Street, Derby. Taylor, H. Brooke, Bakewell. Taylor, Wm. Grimwood, 83, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Taylor, Mrs. A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Tetley, Rev. W. H., Charnwood Street, Derby. Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby. Thornewill, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. Towle, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. Trubshaw, Chas., St. Aubyn Villa, Osmaston Road, Derby. Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey, Turbutt, W. Gladwyn, Ogston Hall, Alfreton. XViil LIST OF MEMBERS. Usher, Rev. Richard, Grove House, Ventnor, LW. *Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. Wadham, Rev. J., Weston-on-Trent. Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. Walker, Sir A. B., Bart., Osmaston Manor, Derby. Walker, J., Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. Walker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. Walker, William, Lea Wood, Cromford. *Walthall, H. W., Alton Manor, Wirksworth. Ward, John, S. Peter’s Bridge, Derby. Wardell, Stewart, Doe Hill House, Alfreton. Waterpark, The Right Hon. Lord, Doveridge. Watson, F. W., William Street, Derby. Webb, Wm., M.D., Wirksworth. Whiston, W. Harvey, The Gardens, Osmaston Road, Derby. *Whitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. Williams, J., Midland Railway, Derby. Wilmot, Miss, 28, Westbourne Place, Eaton Square, London. *Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., C.B., Chaddesden Hall. Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. Wilson, Arthur, Melbourne. Wood, H. J., Breadsall Priory, Derby. Wood, Rey. Sumner C., Cromford, Derby. Woodforde, W. B., Breadsall Lodge, Derby. Woods, Sir Albert, Garter King-at-Arms, College of Arms, London. Woodyatt, Rev. George, Repton Vicarage. Worthington, W. H., Derwent Bank, Derby. Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby. Wright, Fitz-Herbert, The Hayes, Alfreton. Wright, Charles, Wirksworth. Yeatman, Pym, Cedar Villa, High Barnet. N.B.—Members are requested to notify any error or omission in the above list to the Hon. Sec. xix fer ORT OF THE HON. SECRETARY, 1887. School of Art (kindly lent by the Committee for the occasion) on the 3rd of February, 1887. The chair was occupied by Lord Waterpark, who, in opening the proceedings, said—‘‘ What I most admire in this Society is the breadth and extent of its undertaking. Nothing comes amiss, architecture, heraldry, natural history, public and private records, in fact everything useful-and instructive. How many incidents in history would be dark and illegible but for the light flashed upon them by societies such as this. When monumental remains are discovered this Society is exceedingly useful, coming forward to see that the old lines are preserved intact, not altered according to modern ideas, but that they should remain as real monuments of the past. This Society has done considerable work in the matter of church restoration, and now that it is recognised as a competent - authority on that important subject, it is to be hoped we shall hear no more of that species of church restoration which means only destruction.” The Report of the Society’s proceedings for the past year was read and adopted. The officers for the year commencing were elected. The one vacancy on the Council, caused by the resig- nation of Mr. St. John Hope, was filled by the election of Dr. Webb. All the members of Council retiring under Rule V., viz., Messrs. Campion, Cade, Cooling, Gallop, Charlton, Greenhough, ir J. Allport, and W. H. Hodges, were re-elected, as were the on. Treasurer and the Hon. Sec. Mr. Mallalieu was elected fon. Sec. of Finance in the place of Mr. Cade resigned ; and XX REPORT. Messrs. W. Bemrose and J. B. Coulson were elected auditors, in the place of Messrs. Lingard, deceased, and Pountain, resigned. Eleven new members of the Society were elected. The Rev. Charles Kerry read a paper, illustrated by drawings, upon the ‘‘ Babington Tomb in Ashover Church.” Mr. R. C. Hope, F.S.A., read a paper upon ‘“‘ Holy Wells.” A paper was announced to be read by the Rev. Dr. Cox, but he was prevented at the last moment by domestic affliction from being present. Diagrams of Duffield Castle and specimens of the various “ finds ” were exhibited in the room. During the past year there have been five meetings of the Council, with a regular but not too numerous attendance of elected members. The Council has had the pleasure of again welcoming at one of its meetings a vice-president who has always been ready to help in all work of the Society, the Hon. Fred. Strutt. The first expedition of the Society during the past year was held on Wednesday, May 18th, to Ashby-de-la-Zouch. The party left Derby in special saloon carriages attached to the 2.15 p.m. train for Ashby. From the station the party at once proceeded to the Church of S. Helen, where the Vicar, the Rev. John Denton, received the visitors, and conducted them over the building, pointing out and describing the various interesting details, calling special attention to the fine series of monuments chiefly to mem- bers of the Hastings family. From the church the party adjourned to the Grammar School, where the Rev. Charles Kerry read the following paper upon the history of Ashby-de-la-Zouch :—* THE MANOR. THE earliest account of Ashby is in Domesday, in which record we find that in the reign of Edward the Confessor, this lordship, consisting of 14 yardlands, was valued at Ios., and that at the Survey it was worth 40s., and was held by Ivo under Hugh Grantesmainell (ancestor of the Meynells of Langley, Derbyshire). Shortly afterwards the manor of Ashby was held by Robert Beaumeis, a Norman, of whose family was Richard Beaumeis, founder of the Abbey of * The historical portions of this paper are mainly derived from Nichols’ Leicestershire, but the writer is responsible for the survey of the fabric. REPORT. Xxi Lilleshull, which was further endowed by his brother, Philip de Belmeis. This Philip had issue Philip, whose only daughter and heiress, Adeliza Beau- meis, brought this manor into the ‘‘ possession of the Zouches by marriage with Alan le Zouch, son of Geoffry le Zouch, Viscount of Rouen, by Con-, stantia, his wife, daughter of Conan the Gross, Earl of Bretagne, and his wife, Maud, natural daughter of Henry I. Geoffry le Zouch, the father, bore gues, 10 mascles pierced, ov, and Alan bore gz/es, 10 bezants, ov. The name Zouch signifies a ‘‘ stock,” because in the reign of Hen. II., Geoffry, coming over into England, became the founder of another stock here propagated from him. The Zouches of Somersetshire had for their crest, “«On a staff (or stock) couped and raguly, ov, sprouting, at the dexter point a raven with wings expanded, avg.” This crest was probably adopted in allusion to the family name. . There are two seals depicted in Nichols’ Lezcestershzre, each inscribed with _ the name “ Alan le Zouch,” bat bearing different arms. One has, ‘‘ Gules, Io bezants, ov,” and the other, ‘‘ Gules, a fesse, ov, between 3 pears, ppr.” The Zouches of Haringworth (descended from Eudo, younger brother of Roger, great grandson of the first Alan of Ashby) bore, ‘‘ Gz/es, 12 bezants, a canton, ermine.” This quarter evzive was adopted because of descent from the daughter and heir of Conan the Gross, Duke of Bretagne, who bore a shield evmzve only. This, too, was the cognizance of the Zouches of Codnor Castle, Derbyshire, descended from Sir John Zouch (second son of William le Zouch, of Haring- worth), which Sir John married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Richard’ Lord Grey, of Codnor. Six generations of the Zouches were lords of Codnor. Five generations of Zouches of the senior branch were lords of Ashby. Alan, the last of this line, had no male issue, and he, instead of bequeathing the estates to his cousin, William le Zouch, of Haringworth, son of his uncle Eudo, his nearest of kin, traced his next heir through his remote ancestor Geoffry le Zouch, Viscount of Rouen, to William le Zouch, of Mortimer and Richard’s Castle, passing through no less than nine descents. Of this line, four genera- tions were lords of Ashby, the last of whom (Hugh) died in 1399 without issue. The next heiress was Joice Botetourt, also descended from William le Zouch, of Mortimer and Richard’s Castle. She was the wife of Sir Hugh Burnell, who took possession of all the estates, and died in 1420, seized of Ashby. This Sir Hugh had two sons, the younger of whom left three daughters, Joice, the wife of John Erdington, Margaret, the wife of Edward Hungerford, and Katharine. After the death of Sir Hugh Burnell in 1420, the history of the transmission of the estates is not very clear. James Butler, fifth Earl of Ormond, a Lancastrian, taken prisoner at Towton in 1460, died seized of Ashby, but how he got it is unknown. After his death, Ashby was granted to Sir William, afterwards Lord Hastings, in 1461. It is an interesting fact that Catharine Nevil, the wife of this William, Lord Xxli REPORT. Hastings, was a lineal descendant of Alan le Zouch, the seventh of the Zouches lords of Ashby. The descent runs thus :—Catharine Nevill was the daughter of Richard, Earl of Salisbury (beheaded at Pomfret, 1460, and the father of the celebrated “King Maker”), by his wife Eleanor, daughter and heiress of Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury. This lady was the daughter of Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, by Eleanor, daughter of Sir Thomas Holland and Lady Joan (grand-daughter of Edward I.), which said Sir Thomas was the son of Sir Robert Holland and Maud le Zouch, daughter of Alan aforesaid, who died in 1346. William, Lord Hastings, was in high favour with Edward IV., who appointed him his chamberlain, Master of the Mint in the Tower, Steward of the Ilonours of Leicester and Donington, and Constable of those castles, including Higham Ferrars. He was created Lord Hastings in 1461. In 1474 he obtained licence to impark 3,000 acres of land and wood in Ashby, 2,000 acres in Bagworth, and 2,000 more at Kirkby, with liberty of free warren in all. He was beheaded by command of Richard, Duke of Gloucester, afterwards Richard III., on Tower Hill, in June, 1483, and was buried in St. Stephen’s Chapel on the north side of the choir of St. George’s, Windsor, where a magnificent screen, with the arms of Hastings (avg., a maunch, sad.) on the cornice, still remains. His wife Katharine, Lady Hastings, desired to be buried in the Parish Church of Ashby, in the Lady Chapel there, between the image of Our Lady and the place assigned for the vicar’s grave. ' This William, Lord Hastings, founded a chauntry in St. George’s, part of the endowment coming out of the manor of Alveston, Yorks. This fact, no doubt, accounts for his interment at Windsor, and it is perhaps by no casual coincidence that his body reposes so near to that of his great bene- . factor. Dr. Fuller relates that in 1475, William, Lord Hastings, had 2 lords, 9 knights, 58 esquires, and 20 gentlemen of note retained by indenture during their lives to take his part against all persons whatever, the king only excepted. The last of the name of Hastings of Ashby was Elizabeth, who succeeded to the estates on the death of her brother, Francis, tenth Earl, in 1789. Her hand was sought and won by John, Lord Rawdon, of Ireland, who was created Earl of Moira in 1761. His lordship died in 1793, leaving issue. Thus the descendants of the Beaumais, the Zouches, the Hastings, and the sister of the great Earl of Warwick, “the King Maker,” are still lords of Ashby and the owners of their once stately home. Nichols relates some very curious particulars about Henry Hastings (second son of George Hastings, the fourth Earl of Huntingdon), lord of the manor of Piddletown, in Dorset, living 1636. He was by no means distinguished for piety, but exceedingly hospitable, and was greatly addicted to rural sports. The pulpit in the chapel attached to his mansion was his private cup- board, and never wanted a cold chine of beef, venison pasty, gammon of pasty, or a great apple pie, with thick crust extremely baked. REPORT. Xxiil He rode to the death of the stag at the age of 80 as well as the youngest of his band, and died at the age of 100 with his sight unimpaired. Col. Henry Hastings, second son of Earl Henry, took a very active part on the side of his Royal master in the civil wars. At the head of his troop was displayed a remarkable banner—‘‘ Gu/es, from the fesse, and in pale, nearly extending to the top of the chief, an arch masoned Ar., representing a burn- ing oven fiery furnace. In fesse, or a little under it on a scroll, its ends raised and then bending inwards, points downwards and turned, avy., and shaded vert., lined ov, in Roman letters, sad/e, ‘‘ Quasi ignis conflatoris,” fringed arg. and purple.” This Henry diedin 1666, and was buried near his ancestor, Lord William, in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor. THE FABRIC AND HISTORY OF THE CASTLE. Having traced the descent of the Manor, with your permission I will say a few words on the Castle. The erection of the present building is usually attributed to William, Lord Hastings, because he obtained leave to crenelate his house in or about the year 1474. It is quite true that the greatest part of the fabric was constructed by this nobleman, but there are much older portions remaining. There are features within the Kitchen Tower of the Decorated period of architecture, viz.: the inner arches and lining of the two east windows—the rising of the vaulting from the corbels, etc. The butteries and the great hall are of a still more remote age; indeed, the inner masonry of ‘‘ broad and narrow work” must have been constructed by the Belmais family about the end of the 12th century. The treatment of the masonry is very like the work in the lower part of the tower of Mansfield Church, erected about 1150. The grand dining hall is especially interesting. Here, the ‘‘ broad and narrow work ” is visible on every side, shewing its venerable antiquity ; and its ample dimensions silently bear testimony to the grandeur and the hospitality of its earliest possessors. At each end of the hall are two engaged shafts or columns of the Decorated style, inserted in the older masonry about the year 1300— showing that at that time the roof was supported by two series of arches, giving it the appearance of the nave and aisles of one of our old churches. At the western end was the minstrel’s gallery, the approach to which was from the rooms above the butteries. Beneath this gallery was a passage connecting both courtyards, as at Haddon. A porch was constructed at each end of this passage in later times. A buttress of the Decorated period, ¢. 1300, supports the north wall of the great Dining Hall. Indications of windows of the same period appear on the outside of the south wall close to the outer margins of the present windows, which were probably inserted about the year 1550, by Francis, Lord Hastings, second Earl of Huntingdon, who married Katharine, daughter of Henry Pole, Locd Montacute, whose magnificent tomb, with their effigies, XXIV REPORT. still adorns the church close by. I attribute these Renazssance windows to him, because, when Simmonds visited Ashby in 1645, they were chiefly adorned with shields of painted glass commemorating this alliance. The Chapel also exhibits features earlier than the time of William, Lord Hastings, ¢.g., the piscina is of the 14th century, c. 1370. The doorway too, in the north wall of the chapel, is of the same period ; it was blocked by the recasing of the outer face of the wall at the time of the enlargement and adornment of the castle in 1474. This recasing of the old work is a very marked feature in Ashby Castle, and is very misleading to the casual observer. There is an old niche for a crossbowman in the south wall of the castle enclosure near the Earl’s Tower ; it is of 14th century work, whilst its surroundings would indicate a later period of construction. It appears to have defended an angle of the earlier wall. Leland relates that for the building or repairing of this castle at Ashby, Lord Hastings took the lead off Belvoir Castle, which had been committed to his keeping. He also plundered another seat belonging to the same Lord Roos called Stoke D’Albanye, and carried part of the materials to Ashby. From what remains, it is quite clear that the structure was quadrangular, and that it was enclosed within high and massive walls, with battlements, parapets, and embrasures for artillery. In the centre of each outer wall was a high tower, crowned with battlements and machiolations, standing half in and half out of the enclosure, so as to cover (in a military sense) the outer face of the wall. At each angle, and gathered out of the wall at a considerable elevation, was erected an octangular projecting tower subordinate to the greater towers, but serving also to defend the outer walls. Between the angle turrets and the towers were sheltering recesses in the outer walls, with embrasures for crossbowmen. The old entrance to the castle is to me clearly indicated by the direction of the town streets. It would not be on the eastern or western sides, because a gateway tower would be superfluous in these walls. I am firmly of opinion that the approach to the fortress led through ‘‘Church Street,” across the western portion of the churchyard (enclosed and consecrated of late years), and so to the gateway tower standing in the north wall, probably at its western corner. The present long range of buildings from the Kitchen Tower to the chapel divided the enclosure into two courts, a north and a south. The outer or entrance court (three sides of which have entirely disappeared) contained (as was usual in such buildings) the necessary offices for servants, stowage, fuel, and other requisites. The inner court included lodgings for more distinguished visitors, and the last retreat (the High Tower) in case of imminent danger. A subterranean passage extends from the cellar of the kitchen tower to a triangular structure in a field on the eastern side of the castle, about 300 yards distant. This passage is now closed. REPORT. XXV There can be no doubt but that both towers were connected by the same underground channel, which would thus form a ‘“‘bolt hole” for each in time of emergency. The high tower commonly called the ‘‘ Earl’s Tower,” but which I may term the ees, was guarded by a portcullis, the grooves for which may still be seen. One account of the castle states that this tower was inhabited by the garrison, and was fortified for the general defence of the whole. building, and that the West, or Kitchen Tower, was inhabited by the lord’s family. On what grounds these statements are made I cannot tell. The Kitchen Tower had but one story above the kitchen vaulting, whereas the High Tower has four stories, the three uppermost of which were of a most ornate character. The lowest consisted of a gloomy cellar. The second was a lofty vaulted chamber or hall, with windows adorned with beautiful tracery. The third story may have contained the best sleeping rooms, whilst in the uppermost were rooms of no ordinary character, as may be seen by the ornate decorations of a mantlepiece in the north wall. The small tower adjoining the newell on the east side of the keep consists of six stories, besides the basement chamber, and was probably occupied by servants or subordinate officers of the household when necessary. The windows of the Great Hall were adorned with shields of arms in the time of Charles I. Mr. Simmonds, a great herald and antiquary, accompanied the King to Ashby, and has left an interesting memorandum of it in his collections. He observed in these windows several coats of the arms of Hastings ‘‘ newly set up,” and also Hastings impaling Quarterly—1st and 4th quarterly avg., 3 mascles in fesse, ¢z/es, for Montacute ; 2nd and 3rd per pale, or and sad/e, a saltire engrailed counterchanged, for Pole; 2nd gz/es, a saltire, avg., with a label of 3 points gabonné, avg. and azure, for Nevile, Earl of Salisbury and Warwick ; 3rd as the 2nd, and 4th as the Ist. In the recess of a fireplace in the Queen of Scots’ apartment are the arms of Hastings quartering Plantagenet (Margaret, sister to Edward IV.) Pole, and Hungerford, carved in stone, and placed there for safety. There are three more shields of arms in stone near the top of the staircase of the Earl’s Tower. The two outer shields have simply the ‘‘ maunch,” the arms of Hastings; but the inner shield has a fesse between six birds, apparently ‘‘ rising,” impaling the arms of Montacute, Earl of Salisbury. For a short time Ashby Castle was one of the lodging houses or prisons of Mary, Queen of Scots; she came here the last week of November, 1569, when on her way from Tutbury to Coventry, and, as appears by a letter dated December 20, from Sir Walter Mildmay, then Chancellor of the Exchequer, she was then in the joint custody of the Earls of Huntingdon and Shrewsbury. The Queen was detained at Ashby more than two months. The Earl of Huntingdon’s trust continued until August, 1572. She was afterwards removed to Buxton, then to Sheffield, 1576; to Chatsworth, 1577 ; to Buxton, 1580; to Worksop, 1583; to Wingfield Manor, 1583-5; to Tutbury; to Chartley, 1585; and finally to Fotheringay, 1586. XXV1 REPORT. James I. was entertained at Ashby, by the then Earl of Huntingdon, with his whole court for many days, during which time dinner was served by thirty poor knights, wearing velvet gowns and gold chains. The cost of this visit was defrayed by the sale of twenty-four manors and thirty-two lordships. The Earl was also favoured by a visit from Anne, the Queen of James L., and his son Prince Henry. In the time of the Civil Wars, Ashby Castle was fortified for the king by Col. Henry Hastings (second son of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon) before men- mentioned, afterwards created Lord Loughborough, who maintained frequent skirmishes with Lord Grey of Groby. During these troublesome times, the Castle served as a place of refuge for several learned divines of the Church of England who had been hunted out of their benefices. On the 25th of May, 1645, the kirg marched to Ashby on his way to Leicester to invest the garrison taere commanded by Lord Grey. After the surrender of the town, on the Ist June, the king appointed Lord Loughborough governor of the garrison at Leicester. Very soon afterwards, after the king’s disastrous defeat at Naseby, on the 14th of the same month, the chronicler writes—‘‘ Towards night on that dismal Saturday we marched (for we had left running) to Ashby about ten in the morning, and went to Lichfield that night, and thence to Wales.” On the 18th, after the surrender of Leicester, Lord Loughborough returned to Ashby, and on the 20th Sir Thomas Fairfax’s army sat down before Ashby, which for several months after was closely beseiged. In September the gar- rison was reduced to60 men. At the end of October 600 more of the king’s forces joined them. In January, 1645-6, the garrison made several suc- cessful sallies, but on the 7th of February, at night, a strong party of horse came from Leicester undiscovered, surprised the sentinels, fell in at the turn- pike, broke the chain, and entered fhe town, where they took 100 horse with much pillage, and returned to Leicester without opposition. On Saturday, 28th February, the articles for the surrender of the Castle were agreed to by Parliament. By these articles it was appointed that on Tuesday, March 3rd, 1645, Col.-General Hastirgs should begin to sleight the works and fortifications of the town and garrison of Ashby, and that at the end of three months Col. Hastings should deliver the Castle into the hands of his brother the Earl of Huntingdon. “* At the end of November, 1648, the Parliament then sitting at Leicester, having sent some of their members to view Ashby Castle, employed divers persons to demolish these goodly towers by undermining. William Bain- brigg, of Lockington, commanding a party of horse for that occasion, and having the oversight thereof.”* After this event the family of Hastings fixed their abode at Donington Park. et Ee eee * Nicholls’ Lezcestershire. REPORT. XXVil At the conclusion of the paper Mr. Kerry conducted the party over the ancient Castle of Ashby, explaining the different archi- tectural features. After a careful examination of the Castle ruins, the visitors were hospitably entertained at tea at the Manor House, by Mr. Hemsley. The return journey was made via Burton-on-Trent, Derby being reached at 7.48 p.m. Mr. Albert Hartshorne, F.S.A,, who was prevented from being present at this expedition, contributed the following paper upon the pilgrim effigy in the Church :— Most of the antiquaries who have taken up the study of monumental effigies soon discover that it is occasionally desirable, and by no means unprofitable, to turn from the contemplation of figures of warriors, ecclesiastics, or states- men, in which the same general armour, vestments, or costumes may be observed with only that variety which changes in fashion or individual caprice brought about, to consider the effigies of a smaller class, each of which represents a distinct type of dress. One of these figures has been fortunately spared to us in the Church of Ashby-de-la-Zouche. To this special class belong such effigies as that of a knight at Connington, in Huntingdonshire, who is shown wearing the cowl of a Franciscan friar over his hauberk of mail; that of a forester, at Glinton, Northamptonshire, in the full habit of a Verderer ; that of Sir Peter Leigh (1527) at Winwick, Lancashire, habited in a chasuble over his armour; that of Sir Thomas Tresham (1559) wearing the mantle of a Hospitaller over his harness ; and that of Sir John Crosby (1475) wearing an alderman’s gown over his armour. Perhaps the most interesting of figures such as these is that now before us, and it is the more attractive to students of costume, because it is quite unique of its kind. In the case of Sir Peter Leigh, we know the knight in the latter part of his life joined the priesthood. In that of the knight at Connington, we gather from the peculiar costume that he was one of those who, as the great seventeenth century poet has it— . « "To be sure of Paradise, Dying put on the weeds of Dominic, Or in Franciscan thought to pass disguised.” As a notable instance of this custom, the remains of the historic friar’s weed, the passport of the worst, though the ablest of the Angevins through Purgatory, were found on the head of King John when his coffin was opened at Worcester, in 1797. Another remarkable example is the monument of Robert the Wise, died 1343, in the church of Santa Chiara, at Naples. A few days before his death the King assumed the habit of a Franciscan, and XXViil REPORT. he is represented on his monument in two characters. In the upper part of the structure he is seated in his royal robes, and below he lies in effigy upon a tomb, clothed in the garb of a Franciscan, and holding his crown. Clement V., Pope 1305-1314, remitted to those buried in the habit of a friar the fourth part of all their sins. In a letter from Latimer, he says—‘‘I have thought in time past that if I had been a friar, and in a cowl, I could not have been damned, nor afraid of death.” Gilpin, in ‘‘ The Beehive of the Roman Church” (translated by him from the Dutch), says in his pretended reproof of the heretics, ‘‘ They do not greatly glorie to bee buried in a monke’s greasie hood.” Many other quotations might be given illustrative of the practice. But to return to the effigy at Ashby. Here we have a full-sized alabaster effigy of a man in the full garb of a pilgrim. Now, what isa pilgrim? A pilgrim is a person who travels for the purpose of visiting the shrines or tombs of holy men. He was in no way bound by his religion to go; indeed, St. Gregory says that pilgrimages are not enjoined by the Scriptures ; and St. Augustine says that our Lord did not command us to go to the East to seek justification, or to sail to the furthest West to obtain forgiveness. The earliest pilgrimages were made in the time of Constantine, to the Holy Land. The Empress Helena proceeded to Palestine, according to Eusebius, and built the church of the Holy Sepulchre. In the course of time the practice increased and expanded to other places,—to the shrine of St. Peter and St. Paul at Rome, to that of St. James of Compostella, to that of St. Gregory at Tours, to that of Our Lady of Loreto, to the tomb of Thomas a Becket at Canterbury, and to several other places. Those men who journeyed to Palestine came to bear a palm leaf in their hats, hence called ‘‘ Palmers,” and such as went that ancient and renowned pilgrimage to Compostella wore the scallop shell. Why did a man go on a pilgrimage ? In the early days the main reason was to obtain forgiveness ; in later times, in order for a pleasant trip in sunny lands in fine weather with some definite and harmless object at the end of it. Thus Chaucer :— “ Whanne that April with his shoures sote The droughte of March hath perced to the rote. And small foules maken melodie, That slepen alle night with open eye, So priketh hem nature in his courages, Than longen folk to gon on pilgrimages.” What sign or proof did he bring back with him to show his friends that he had actually made the journey to the great shrine at Compostella ? He there obtained, if he was wealthy and of rank, a jet Szgvzacelum of the saint, duly blessed, or, if of humble condition, a leaden or pewter sign. The former are objects of high rarity, the latter have been commonly found in REPORT. XXX different parts of the country, and, in divers forms, such as crosses, ampuls, shells, &c., have been attributed to different shrines and places. With more particular reference to the Ashby Pilgrim, the effigy represents, in all probability, Ralph, second son of that Leonard Hastings who flourished in the time of Henry VI. Beyond the fact that he seems to have been attached to the person of Edward IV. (1461-1483) and made the journey to Compostella, nothing is known of him. He wears a sc/avine with wide open sleeves over the ¢znzic, his hair flows freely to the shoulders, and on the left side is slung the scrzf, fastened with two straps, and decorated with scallop shells. He carries a bourdon, or staft, under the left arm, his legs are clad in osen, and his feet shod with dvots laced in front. Under the right shoulder appears a broad- brimmed hat, ornamented with a scallop shell. A mutilated string of beads or rosary—probably obtained from Compostella—hangs transversely from the left shoulder, and round the neck is a collar of SS, the mark of the wearer’s attachment to the person of the king. The gourd, or bottle, does not appear. The whole dress has been originally painted black, with the exception of the /osez, which have been red ; the hair has been a dark brown, The Vision of Piers Plowman, written about the time when this individual was living, gives the following description of a pilgrim and his travels :— ~ ** Apparelled as a paynin In pilgrimes’ wise, A bowl and a bag He bar by his side; And hundreds of ampuls On his hat setten— Signs of Sinai, And shells of Galice, And many a crouch on his cloak. For men should know And see by his signs Whom he sought had. The folks frayned him first Fro whennes he come. ‘From Sinai,’ he said, ‘And from our Lord’s sepulchre, In Bethlem and in Babiloyn, I have been in both; In Armory and Alisandre, In many other places ; You may see by my signs That sitten on mine hat, That I have walked full wide In weet and in dry, And sought good Saints For my soul’s health.’” Leonard Hastings seems to have been an extensive traveller. XXX REPORT. The following lines, said to be by Sir Walter Raleigh, apply very well to the effigy at Ashby :— “Give me my scallop shell of quiet, My staff of faith to rest upon, My scrip of joy, immortal diet, My bottle of salvation, My gown of glory (hope’s true gage) And thus I’ll make my pilgrimage.” And we can imagine him saying, when his life’s pilgrimage was coming to a close— ‘‘Here down my wearied limbs I'll lay, My buttoned staff, my weed of grey, My palmer’s hat, my scallop shell, My cross, my cord, and all farewell.” And here we may safely leave him. The next expedition of the Society was held on Saturday, August 13th, to Castleton. The party left Derby at 9.27 a.m. in special saloons attached to the train for Hassop. From Hassop Station breaks (provided by Mr. Greaves, of Bakewell) conveyed the party via Hope to Castleton. Luncheon was taken at the Bull’s Head Hotel, after which the party proceeded to the Peak Castle, where Mr. St. John Hope read a carefully prepared and most valuable paper upon the history and architecture of the Castle.* After examining the ruins the party dispersed, some visiting the Peak Cavern, others the Church with its library attached. Mr. Keene meanwhile took several platinotype views of the Castle from different points. At 5 15, the breaks left Castleton for Buxton, whence the return journey to Derby was made at 7.45. A third expedition was made by the Society on Wednesday, October rgth, to Horsley. The party left Derby in special saloon carriages attached to the 1.30 p.m. train for Coxbench. From Coxbench Station the party walked to the site of Horsley Castle, where the Rev. Charles Kerry read a valuable paper upon the history of the Castle. This paper will be found as a separate con- “ This paper, at Mr. Hope’s special request, is held over untilsome further research can be made in the records, and by possible excavations on the site of the Castle. An abstract of part of the paper has been printed in the Re/iguary. REPORT, XXXi tribution in another part of this volume. From Horsley Castle the party walked to Horsley Church, where the Vicar, the Rev. G. Thompson, received the visitors and conducted them over the building. After viewing the Church, the party walked to Kilburn, where tea was provided at the Hunter’s Arms Hotel. The return journey was made from Kilburn Station at 4.34 p-m. During the past year the attention of your Council has not been called to any specially important point of archeological interest. Advice has been asked and given upon several questions, all tending to prove, we may hope, an ever-growing confidence in the value of this Society’s work. The Council would again urge upon all members, and particularly upon newly joining members the importance of keeping a constant look out for any proceeding of interest bearing upon the work of the Society, and of reporting the same at once. We have to record with deep regret the removal by death, in the past year, of two of our elected members of Council. The first of these, Thomas Evans, F.G.S., H.M. Inspector of Mines, was perhaps the most regular attendant at our Council and all our other meetings ; always most keen in his interest in our work, and wise in his sterling good advice, we valued his presence amongst us on all occasions, and we sincerely feel his loss. The second member of Council who has been taken from us is Dr. Dolman, one of our more recently elected members, but a regular attendant at our meetings, and one who took a real interest in the work of the Society. The Editor desires to express his regret that the further instal- ment of the Calendar of Fines for the County is so very short in this volume of the Journal. It is hoped that fresh arrangements will be made for its continuation in a more rapid manner for the future. The failure of this promised continuation, and the non-arrival, until too late, of two other promised papers, has made this volume of less bulk than was intended. In placing two of the papers that were read to the Society in the smaller type of the Report, rather than among the separate papers of the Journal proper, it is merely intended to note the * - XXXli REPORT. distinction between papers relative to the County, and those that it may be occasionally right to print with regard to outside subjects of interest. It seems right to maintain the position, which it would be well if more of our County Archeological Societies followed, that the chief aim and object of the association should be to elucidate and illustrate matters within the shire whose name the Society bears. The illustrations of this year’s Journal are not so costly as usual, as the expense of three of them has been shared with another publication, and Lord Vernon has most kindly contributed the two plates that illustrate the Vernon chronicle. The Editor wishes to state to the general members, as he has already done to the Council, that, though he shall always take the greatest interest in this Society, and in the county of his birth, he is quite willing at any time to yield the editorship to a Derbyshire resident, for he feels the disadvantage that at times arises through his distance from the county. Meanwhile, so long as he is Editor, he hopes the members will continue to be forward in suggesting and supplying articles of interest. There are many questions of importance, both in archeology and natural history, that have not yet been taken up, or only imperfectly handled ; whilst as to the stores of Derbyshire history at the Public Record Office, British Museum, Bodleian, etc., they are practically inexhaustible. Our total number of members has again increased, and if all arrears of subscription were cleared off up to the end of 1887, the balance sheet would present a far more satisfactory appearance than it does at present. Your Council has no further cause for feeling other than satisfied with the tenth year of our proceedings. ARTHUR COX, Mill Hill, Derby, Hon. See. 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DERBYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL AND INATURAL History BOCIETY, Fo oe Giweswell Dale Auarvy. By GEORGE FLETCHER. Ea BIBOUT a mile from the railway station at Miller’s Dale, near the lower road towards Tideswell, is a limestone quarry. Toacasual observer it appears to be very uninteresting, but a geological eye discerns much that will afford valuable aid in elucidating the past physical geography of the district. I have said that it is a limestone quarry, but it contains a large quantity of hard, dark-coloured rock, found in many other parts of Derbyshire, interstratified with the limestone. This rock, which occupies a considerable portion of the quarry, presents features of great interest. It occurs at Miller’s Dale, Matlock Bath, Ashover, Elton, and many other places in the county. ‘The different exposures present various points of difference, but all resemble each other in certain distinguishing characteristics. For example, the rock is crystalline in structure, and examination of a thin section under the microscope proves it to be a volcanic lava. This conclusion rests, not merely upon the nature of the crystalline constituents of the rock, but upon what may be termed its macro- scopic peculiarities and its mode of occurrence. Its mineralogical VoL, x I 2 TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. constitution differs slightly in different districts. The following are the minerals which enter the composition of that found in Tideswell Dale :—Olivine Augite, and Plagioclase Felspar. Magnetite is also present. In many places, as at Matlock, the rock contains hollow vesicles, produced when the rock was in a molten condition. Water, doubtless disseminated throughout the molten mass prior to its eruption, passed on the withdrawal of pressure consequent upon ejection, into the condition of steam, expanding, and thus producing the cavities. They are common in modern lavas. There is very goo! reason for thinking that the volcano which gave rise to the rock described was submarine, and in some districts the vesicles are filled with calcite and other minerals, doubtless subsequently deposited from an aqueous solution. In some places the white patches of calcite give to a freshly fractured surface of the rock a peculiar appearance, which has been con- sidered so like the marks on the body of a toad that the rock is known as Toadstone. The name has also come to be applied to the Derbyshire basalt generally. The toadstone (dolerite) in this quarry is particularly interesting, because it well illustrates—on a small scale, it is true—several peculiar phenomena observed to accompany the cooling of volcanic lavas. It is a well-known fact that in the case of almost all known bodies, decrease of tempera- ture is accompanied by contraction. It will be seen that in a stream of molten lava the cooling will not proceed uniformly in all parts of the mass. The upper surface will cool more rapidly than the lower surface, and the surface generally will cool before the interior. There are thus set up in the mass stresses which ultimately overcome the cohesion between the particles, and the stream becomes broken up by a number of divisional planes termed “joints.” Under certain circumstances, if the mass be homogeneous, it will, in cooling, split up into a number of pris- matic columns, sometimes of remarkable regularity, and having their axes perpendicular to the main cooling surfaces. The number of sides possessed by the columns are various, but they are usually hexagonal. It is not my purpose in this short paper TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. 3 to go into the question of the production of the prismatic structure, but to give several typical examples. That of the Giant’s Cause- way is sufficiently well known. Here, as is frequently the case, the columns are divided at regular intervals by transverse joints, the segments exhibiting a cup and ball structure, doubtless the result of further contraction. In Wales the columns are commonly used for gate-posts. A magnificent example occurs in the Horn- graben Valley, in the Eifel district of Germany. Ina quarry cut into a lava stream which flowed from one of the craters of the neighbouring Mosenberg, are to be seen numerous columns, some of which are over three feet in width, and considerably more than one hundred feet in length (Fig. 1). It is worthy of note that this prismatic columnar structure can be produced artificially, and not only as a result of contraction in cooling, but as a result of shrinkage, due to loss of moisture. Fig. 2 is a sketch kindly furnished by my friend, Mr. Ward (for the use of whose notes I am much indebted), of a piece of starch, in which the columnar structure has been developed by drying. ANNAN T\\\R \\ NN Win He informs me that it was not pro duced at ordinary atmospheric tem- peratures, but that if a mass of starch, which had been allowed to Fig. 2. slowly dry, and in which the structure had not been developed, 4 TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. were held before a brisk fire, it would be produced. In a section by the roadside in Tideswell Dale, above the quarry, is a bed of what appears to be hardened clay, but which is most probably a volcanic mud, in which the columnar structure is exceedingly well shown on a small scale. The columns seldom exceed an inch in diameter, and run to a considerable length, being transversely divided by cracks which traverse several contiguous columns. The bed is about nine feet in thickness. This was seen on a somewhat larger scale in the quarry itself some time ago, when the columns averaged two or three inches in diameter, having a length of ten feet or more. This bed is not to be seen now. ‘The relation of the bed on the roadside to the toadstone is not well seen, but in the quarry it immediately underlay it. There can be no doubt that the structure was produced in the mud by contact with the hot bed of lava. Another peculiarity of structure, well seen in the quarry, is that known as “ Spheroidal.”” Before describing it, however, it would be well to again mention the relation of the various beds in the quarry. We have, forming the floor of the quarry, a grey lime- stone, containing the hard parts of innumerable coral animals. This is overlaid by the bed of columnar volcanic material pre- viously referred to, and this is followed by a rock, having a dirty black appearance—the “toadstone.” The face of the quarry consists of this rock, and presents a peculiar appearance. It appears as though, when in a plastic condition, it had sustained a siege, and the cannon balls had imbedded themselves in its mass. These are the “spheroids” mentioned above (Fig. 5, section). If oneof them be struck smartly with a hammer, one or more concentric shells or coats will fall away from the globular mass, and another knock may bring away several more. Indeed some of them possess as many as fourteen or sixteen coats, enclosing a hard nucleus or kernel-—they cannot be likened to anything better than an onion. In size they range from two to nine or more inches in diameter. This structure has been observed elsewhere. The segments of columns of volcanic lavas often contain these spheroids. The drawing (Fig. 3) is a sketch of the famous Cheese Cellar or TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES, 5 Grotto near Bad-Bertrich, in the Eifel district. It is a passage cut through a lava stream which flowed from one of the neigh- bouring tertiary volcanos. Lava columns form the sides of the passage, the roof exhibiting transverse sections. They are divided by transverse joints at regular intervals, and the angles and edges of the sections having fallen away, the columns resemble piles of Gruyére cheeses. This falling away of the edges and angles results partly from the action of the weather, and partly from a pre-dis- position in the segments to break away at these points. For my own part I cannot see how weathering can wholly account for the spheroidal structure. I append an interesting letter on the subject from Mr. Ward. Close by the Cheese Grotto, the bed of the Uesbach is com- pletely tesselated with the transverse sections of columns, which are remarkably regular. The limestone strata underlying the toadstone contribute several important items of evidence as to the geographical and climatic conditions of the period. These strata, as has been said, are coralline, and there can be little doubt that they formed a coral reef in the limestone sea of the Carboniferous period. : 6 TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. In the quarry have been found slabs of a finely laminated limestone, the upper sur- faces of which are traversed by a network of surface cracks. Their appearance is represented in Figure 4, which is a_ sketch of a portion of a_ slab, measuring about sixteen inches in length, in my Surcracked Surface of Coral Mud possession. Fig: 4. The question of the origin of these cracks is extremely interesting. They resemble the cracks produced in the mud bottom of a pond dried by the sun’s heat. How can we explain their production? It has been suggested that they might be produced by heated volcanic matter having been poured over the mud. This is, I think, a very unlikely explanation. The action of a stream of volcanic matter would be quite different. Instead of being quietly deposited upon it and cracking its surface, it would lead to considerable disturbance, and we might expect that the junction between the two would be anything but sharp. This seems the more certain when we reflect that, as the volcano was submarine, the material over which the volcanic matter flowed would be soft. Indeed, where we have been able to find the junction between the toadstone and the limestone, as in Ember Lane, near Bonsall, we find it to be characterised by a heterogeneous rock, consisting of volcanic matter, enclosing altered fragments of limestone. But the theory is completely and for ever disposed of, by the discovery in the quarry, of slabs of limestone, precisely similar in character to those containing the cracks, but bearing upon their surface the casts of the cracks. It could not therefore have been hot volcanic matter which produced the cracks. What then? The evidence is most striking and conclusive. They are undoubtedly the cracks produced by drying, and consequent shrinkage under the action of the sun’s heat. a TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. 7 1 have compared the cracks with those produced in the muddy bottom of a pond. ‘There is, however, an important point of difference. Whereas the cracks produced in the bottom of a pond (resulting as they do from the continued action of the sun’s heat during a dry season) are comparatively deep, those in our coral mud are merely surface cracks, the deepest of them being, in those specimens which I have seen, never more than th of an inch in depth. From this, and several other considerations, I conclude that these cracks have been produced between the periods of high water. But then, why should they not have been obliterated by the returning tide? For the same reason that the ripple-marks, rain-pittings, and footprints, so well known in certain sandstones, were not obliterated. To make this clearer, let me briefly summarise the story of these stony hieroglyphics as I interpret it. There existed in the region of our quarry, in the old limestone sea, a coral reef, on which, in the tropical climate of the period, myriads of coral polypes lived, reproduced their kind, and died. Existing coral reefs do not, however, consist entirely of the remains of the coral polypes. Large masses of the true coral rock are broken off by the action of the breakers on the outside of the reef, some of which are flung up and accumulate above high water mark. Others are ground down by the action of the waves into a fine calcareous mud. Observations on coral reefs show that a considerable portion of the shores of the lagoons are covered with this mud. Our laminated and cracked specimens are undoubtedly of this nature. The laminations indicate fresh additions of mud brought by the waves, and during one of the intervals between high water the cracks were produced. On the return of the tide a fresh layer of mud was deposited, which filled up the cracks, and protected them from the further action of the waves. The hammer of the quarryman or the geologist, has split the mass of hardened limestone along this plane of slight cohesion, and the cracks and their casts are revealed to the human eye. It was during the time that this little page in the world’s history 8 TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. was being written that the volcano which produced our Derbyshire toadstone sprung into activity. These are some of the facts which a study of this quarry discloses. It is greatly to be regretted that in a county so geologically interesting as ours is, there are not more who would take up the study. It is a reproach to the county that it has not a representative geological association. There is ample work for such a body. It is, however, consoling to remember that the work is not wholly neglected—there are several gentlemen working among us devoting themselves to the study—and it is not too much to hope that before long we shall witness the fruit of their labours. SS es eae A > Further Notes on TiTeswell Dale Quarry, By JoHn’ Warp,* | T is several years since I was in Tideswell Dale Quarry ; «6 but I remember it well, for it was then that I first made my acquaintance with ‘“Spheroids.” They particularly attracted my attention, for I almost at once began to doubt the usual theory of their origin—as due to the cooling and contraction of the rock in the process of solidification. Since then the occasional examination of the phenomena elsewhere, in the same rock (Toadstone) of the district, has only tended to strengthen my conviction. I do not dispute the possibility of structures known under this name in igneous rocks, to arise from such causes as the theory implies. I have a photograph of greenstone at Cader Idris, which at the first glance is remarkably like the rock containing spheroids, at Tideswell. But upon closer inspection wide differences will be noticed between them. ‘The spheroids of Tideswell consist of rounded cores (A, Fig. 5), each enveloped in a series of zones or shells (BB) (giving the appearance of a stony onion to the structure) ; sometimes there are as many as 14 or 16 of these zones, and the diameters of these spheroids range from two or . three to nine inches. At Cader the ‘‘ nodules” are much more irregular in shape, and there are no traces of such shells, in *Mr. Fletcher also supplies us with the following further notes on Tideswell Dale Quarry and igneous rocks, by Mr. John Ward, which were written to him in the form of a letter commenting on his own notes.—ED. 1o FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. fact, the tendency is to a vadzate structure by means of more or less distinct cracks arranged in that manner, and more pronounced to- wards the centres of the nodules. Another wide dif- ference is in the jointing of the two rocks, and the relation of the spheroids to them. At Tideswell, the jointing is precisely as in those parts of the same rock where spheroids are absent — an irregular ar- rangement of cracks Fig. 5. (CCCC), without any ap- parent order, breaking up the rock into irregular polyhedral masses, each being the seat of a spheroid (when present), the subordinate (or spheroidal) system of jointing of which, gives rise to the nucleus and its succession of concentric shells. But at Cader only one system obtains—the rock-joints ; and it is their peculiar curvy arrangement that break the rock up into these nodular masses—just as it is the peculiar geometrical arrangement of the rock-joints which give rise to prismatic structure in basalt. Hence, while it is right to speak of these latter as /Vodular (I prefer this name to “‘Spheroidal,” in this case) and Prismatic structures, I deem it more correct, in the former case, to speak of the vock as Spheroidiferous. We will not enter into the difficult subject of rock-joints-— sufficient it is for us that the jointing of the two varieties of Toad- stone, above mentioned, is identical. How came the Spheroids ? 1. The TZoadstone above mentioned: as yet I have found only one variety of this rock to be spheroidiferous; and, in’ this, as already intimated, the presence of spheroids is by no means the rule. This variety is a dense, ‘wpirs FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. 11 homogeneous, and hard Diabase, of a black-grey colour, tinged with green; fracture conchoidal and dull; and sound when struck metallic. 2. In each case where I have observed spheroids, the rock containing them has not only occurred near the surface (as in our quarry, where the spheroidiferous variety is found at a higher level, and near the land surface, and the other variety lower down), but under circumstances that lead to the conviction that this proximity to the surface has obtained for an immense period of time—a period comparable with that during which a considerable depth of the valleys of the district has been excavated. This proximity with the surface means that, for this length of time, the rock has been in close relationship with the gases and moistures that operate from the surface; and which, where the underlying _ rocks are susceptible to their mechanical and chemical energies, do so mighty a work of rock-disintegration and metamorphosis. Diabase being a complex rock of igneous origin, and containing a large percentage of potassium and sodium salts, is highly susceptible to decomposition or alteration in presence of aerial or humid re-agents. And in every case of Spheroidiferous variety of the above that I have seen, some such _ process has taken place,—the cores being always of wzaltered rock; but the enveloping shells of a Jooser texture—so friable, sometimes, as to crumble into a coarse powder between ay the fingers, and the colour Boe ee ee _ais decidedly brownish. This ' . cans change, which is undoubtedly i. Chemical, may often be con iN discerned in the superficial on parts of stray exposed blocks of this stone, as for instance, in walls. I found some good examples in the dedrzs of this \ quarry — blocks of the un- ONS spheroidal variety, which showed Fig. 6. signs of having been exposed I2 FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. for some considerable time. They could be instantly de- detected, by their brownish hue, or by a gentle blow of the a blow quite insufficient to break the unaltered stone— when a part of the altered material would “shell” off, leaving the sub-angular nucleus of unaltered stone exposed, which, if entirely stripped of its ‘‘ shell,” would be found to approximate in shape to the original block (Fig. 6). What this chemical change consists in I cannot say; but, probably, the change of colour is due to the raising of ferrous into ferric salts. The fact that such chemical change has taken place is beyond dispute, and that is sufficient for us. ow the change came about is more readily answered. It was, undoubtedly, the result of the chemical absorption of some constituent or con- stituents of the atmosphere or the vegetable soil, or of both, which is more probable. Whatever this re-agent, or set of re-agents, may be, it must penetrate the rock by means of the joznfs, for the hammer material is impervious to liquids or gases ; and hence it must operate upon each block at its surface. I have seen a good example to thé point in the peculiar ashy Toadstone of Ashover, where the discoloration due to chemical change follows the fissures and leading joints, sometimes for many feet below the natural surface. When a film of altered material is formed upon such a block, all further chemical change will depend upon the perviousness of this film to the re-agent : but as the altered material in our present subject is of so loose a texture, we need not hesitate to conclude that the re-agentwould slowly pass through it to the surface of the unaltered part. But it would greatly retard the work of chemical change. , From what has been said, it will be difficult to escape the conclusion that the formation of these spheroids is in some way due to this subsequent work of chemical change in the rock: and this conclusion will be strengthened as we proceed. 3. Is this work of chemical change, invading each block from its superficies, competent, at any stage of its progress, to leave a rounded nucleus of unaltered material? It is. Imagine a cube of our rock immersed in some re-agent capable of producing a FITS eg —— ae eee ee . — | err re FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. 13 similar change in its material, as we have above noted. Now, it is obvious that when once a film is formed, this re-agent can only reach the surface of the unaltered part by passing through it ; and it is equally obvious that in so doing the re-agent will tend to reach this surface by the shortest “cuts.” For instance, the part or area of the surface of the unaltered part, @, in Fig. 7 (which represents a section of a part of our " cube) will draw its supply of re-agent from the outer surface at 3, immediately superjacent to it; and these two corresponding areas, @ and 4, of the two surfaces, when situated in the central region ot any of the sides of the cube, will be equal in size, or approximately so—that is, a square inch at a will draw its supply of re-agent from the square inch of outer surface at 4, immediately above it. But the case is otherwise, in this latter respect, in the regions of the angles of the cube, as 4 in the section ; for it is manifest that instead of ¢ drawing from an outer area equal to itself, it will draw from a strip in breadth equal to its own diameter, and extending from c to A, and from 4 to d~a surface immensely greater. But the contrast becomes still greater if we suppose @ to be immediately under one of the “corners” of the cube ; in that case, instead of supplies of a breadth equal to its own diameter converging upon it with an angle of nearly go°, they will pour on to it from all directions within that angle. What will be the result ? The greater the supply of re-agent, the greater the amount of chemical change, and the more rapid the recession of the surface of the nucleus acted upon. Hencea rounded nucleus must at length be the result. But when this is accomplished, the broader surface which the nucleus presents to the outer angles, combined with the thicker “ shell,” will tend to neutralise these differences, the surface of the former receiving a more equitable supply of re-agent throughout. Fig. 7. I4 FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. I have seen a good example of the above at Mount Sorrel. There in the sub-soil may be observed rounded blocks of granite of various sizes, packed in masses of disin- tegrated granite. Similar examples in other materials frequently occur, one particularly (Fig. 8) was excellent—a cubical lump of sodium had been left in a loosely corked bottle, with this result :—its section presented a mass of the oxide, containing a small ball of the metal in the centre. 4. We now consider the concentric zones of our spheroids. Is this theory of subsequent chemical change competent to account forthem? It is, I think. They may, if this change be complex —the work of many re-agents— be caused by variations in the proportions of these re-agents, due to varying seasons ; hence giving rise to zones in the altered materials of slightly differing textures or proportions of constituents, which, although not obvious at first, may ultimately rupture along the lines of weaker material. But a more satisfactory explanation is to be found in the com- bination of the following two circumstances :—The expansion of the altered material, and the resistance offered to this expansion on account of the closely packed condition of the rock, each block having its own expansion resisted by that of its neighbours. That expansion does take place I had ample proof in the vicinity of the quarry, where many of the stray blocks already noticed had a line of more or less distinct cracks round each side, about one inch or more from its edge (Fig. 6, a, a); the rest of the surface being free fromthem. I can only account for them as the result of unequal expansion between the thicker part of the crust in the vicinity of the angles and the thinner upon the sides. When a film of altered material (as a a, Fig. 9) is forming upon a body, it is free to expand in a direction away from the latter, FURTHER NOTES ON TIDESWELL DALE QUARRIES. 15 unless, indeed, this expansion be resisted by another body pressing upon it; but s#dezways it is otherwise, for as soon as the film begins to form, its expanded particles, excepting those near the edges, are squeezed together laterally. Nevertheless, the cohesion which the film has with the unaltered material is able at first to overcome this state of lateral stress ; Ln b but as the film increases in thickness, so is the number of its altered particles multiplied ; and hence also this lateral stress, which is Figs. 9 and to. exerted by the particles—the cohesion re- maining a constant quantity. Hence a time must come when this cohesion of the film with the unaltered material is no longer able to hold in check this stress in all such places where the film has an opportunity of responding to the expansion of the particles, a rupture being the result (as 4 4, Fig. 10). We must now apply this, under certain modifications, to our spheroids. ‘Turn to Fig. 5 again, and observe that the “shells ” are not continuous all round the nucleus, but over/ap, somewhat like the petals of a garden rose. ‘This almost explains itself :— A film forms, and at length attains to such a thickness that the resultant state of lateral stress must be relieved res = In one of two ways—the envelope Yyy Y of film as a whole may be thrown ar off from the nucleus, or it may Je sheared obliquely where it is weakest or thinnest-——/he one part sliding over the other laterally (Fig. 11, aa). The former cannot take place on account, partly of the closely packed condition of the rock offering resistance to all expansion away from the nuclei, and partly of the unequal thickness of the film itself. When a film has thus separated, a new one is formed beneath it, to separate in due course from its parent stone in like manner, and the process may go on, till at length no unaltered material is left. Fig. 11. Ennals of horeston and thorsley. By Rev. CHAS. KERRY. THE BURONS AND HORSLEY CASTLE. @lORSLEY is included in Domesday in the “Land of Ralph de Buron.” ‘The account is as follows :— “In Horsalei. Turgar had 3 carucates of land - hidable. Land for 4 ploughs. ‘There are now in demesne 2 ploughs and rg villains and 4 borderers having 6 ploughs. There are 60 acres of meadow. Wood pasturable, one mile in length and one mile in breadth. In the time of King Edward, it was worth roo shill, now-60 shill. A knight of Ralph holds it.” The church is not mentioned in this record, neither are the churches in the o/her lordships forming the Barony of Buron, viz.—Weston, Denby, Hallam, and Herdebi; but I think it hardly follows that there was no church in any of these places, for it appears from Dr. Cox’s account of Denby church, that the arcade between the nave and north aisle (ruthlessly destroyed in 1838) was obviously of Saxon origin—and as Denby was only a chapelry in the parish of Horsley, and was dependent on the mother church for its spiritual ministrations, there can be no doubt but a church existed at Horsley in Anglo-Saxon times. In Godfrey’s History of Lenton and its Priory, it is stated that the church of Horsley was erected by the Burons, but on what authority this statement is made I cannot find—indeed I do not think it pro- bable ; for there is not one single vestige of Norman work to be found in the present edifice. The earliest portion (erected about 1210) is ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. 17 the west end of the north aisle, with its three buttresses (one in the angle by the tower), all with acutely pitched weatherings, including the lower part of the western portion of the north wall. It may be that the round columns of the south arcade are of this period too. The tower and nave follow suit about 1310—and the next in sequence are the chancel, the south aisle, the clerestory, and the upper portion of the walls of the north aisle, all constructed about 1450. A church erected by the Burons would not have required re- construction so early as the 13th century—because of the very substantial character of Norman work—nor do I think that a desire to bring the church into conformity with the then prevail- ing style of architecture would have led the inhabitants of a poor and thinly populated district to make such sweeping and costly changes in their parish church. It is clear, therefore, that the present building occupies the site of an edifice which veguived reconstruction at the commencement of the 13th and 14th centuries, and that this structure was the old Saxon church presented by the Burons to the Priory of Lenton. Lenton Priory was founded in 1102, and the foundation charter was attested, amongst others, by Hugh de Buron, son of Ralph of the Norman survey. In the year 1144, this Hugh de Buron and Hugh (called Meschines), his son and heir, gave to God and the monastery of Lenton the churches of Ossington, Notts., and florsley, Derbyshire, and half the church of Cotgrave, Notts., which was then held by one Nicholas. This was done with great solemnity in the chapter-house of the convent, and among the witnesses was Roger, his younger son, who much approved of the gift. To a subsequent gift to the convent of what he had in the town of Cotgrave, the following of “his own men” were witnesses :— ‘ Robert, son of Andrew, of Costock (Cotingstock). Robert de Rosello. Robert, son of Serlo. Albert the knight, of Kilbourne, his steward. Hugo de Busli, his chamberlain, and others. 2 18 ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. “Hugo de Buron, son of Ralph, considering out of the reason- ing given him of God, that the life of this transitory age was short and troublesome, and that he that giveth to the poor of Christ lendeth unto God, on the day when the lady Albreda, his wife, was buried, for her soul and the souls of his sons and daughters, and all his ancestors, by the consent of his sons Hugh and Roger, gave to the church of the Holy Trinity at Lenton, his land at Almeton, which gift he and his beloved sons laid on the greater altar, in the presence of Humphrey the Prior and the whole convent of brethren.” This Hugh de Buron had two sons, Hugh the elder, and Roger. It appears that the elder son became a monk during his father’s lifetime, and that the estates were inherited by Roger the younger, who succeeded his father in 1156, when he paid 4o marks into the exchequer for his fine or “relief,” “« Hugo de Buron, the elder brother of Roger, gave his body to God and the church of Holy Trinity at Lenton, and there took the habit and religion of the Cluniac monks, that God might avert the scourge of his wrath, due for the very great multitude of his sins, and for the soul of his lord, Richard I., and others, gave and granted to God and the said church of Lenton, and to the monks, the whole town of Ossington with all its appendages.” It appears that he had previously given Ossington to the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem, which subsequently was the cause of litigation between the monks of Lenton and the Knights Hospitallers. We now come to Roger, the younger son, who succeeded his father Hugh in 1156. In the Red Book of the Exchequer we find his certificate or carta of his estates as follows :—‘‘To Henry the King of England, Duke of Normandy, &c., Roger de Buron— health—concerning my knights who held land in the time of Henry I. know that they are (a) William de Heriz, who holds 2 fees. (4) Roger de Cotingstock holds in Cotingstock and Rempston 2 fees. ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. 19 (¢) Patricius de Rosell holds one knight’s fee. (2) Albertus (whom my father enfeoffed after the death of King Henry) holds one knight’s fee; and (e) I myself do service for 4 knights fees of my demesne. Altogether 10 knight's fees. Of these Patrick Rossell held Denby, and Albert the Knight steward to Hugh de Buron, hold one knight’s fee in Kilbourn. In 1167, Roger de Buron paid to marks for to knights’ fees into the exchequer as an aid for the marriage of Maud, eldest dau. of Henry I., espoused to Henry V., surnamed the Lion (Duke of Saxony and Sardinia). The same year she was sent into Germany with a rich dower and a splendid train, where her marriage was accomplished.* In 1176, this Roger paid another sum of to marks for his forest dues, probably to assist in defraying the expenses of the war with Ireland. In 1177, Roger de Buron was fined 1 mark for being concerned in the duel of the Ear] of Ferrars. In 1187, He was laid under a fine of #0 for not accompany- ing the king’s army into Galway. It would seem that Roger de Buron died in 1199, in which year Peter de Sandiacre paid £100 into the exchequer for having seizin of Horsley, which he said was his inheritance, for the ser- vice of 5 knights. The same year a scutage was assessed for the coronation of King John at 2 marks per fee; at which time Peter de Sandiacre paid zo marks for the fees of Roger de Buron. In this year, 1199, certain works were executed at the Castle of Harestan, under the supervision of William de Grendon, clerk, Samson de Stradley, Ralph de Wellbeuf, and Peter Fitz William. This William de Grendon, “clerk,” called also “advocate,” of Dale, was the second son of Serlo de Grendon, who married Margery, sister to William de Hanselyn, founder of Dale Abbey. * Sandford’s Gen. Hist. 20 ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. This William granted Depedale to that convent, and founded a chantry in the Hermitage chapel, now the south aisle of Dale church. So little of the ruins of Horsley Castle remain, that it is impossible to say with any certainty what portions of the fabric were constructed at this time. One thing is certain, that a very large quantity of moulded ashlars and other fragments of this period now compose a part of the wall of the old park, running from what I call Roger’s pond, below the pound, up the valley at the back of Horsley Park farmhouse. A stone from this wall formerly decorated the gable end of a pig-cote at Horsley Park farm at the time the old buildings were taken down. It consisted of the cap of a column, the lower portion beneath the abacus forming a wolf’s head with distended jaws, the top of the column being thrust into its mouth. I have often enquired about this relic, but never could learn its fate ; happily, I made a careful sketch of it at the time, which is here reproduced, together with another moulded stone. In the year 1852, z.e., 35 years ago, by permission of Edward Degge Sitwell, Esq., I made excavations on the site of the old ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. 21 castle, when the basement story of a small tower was emptied. Amongst the debris thrown out I found a small sheep bell, which I gave to the late Mr. Fox, of Morley, a boar’s tusk, fragments of rotten beams, and the lower portion of a pair of antlers with a small fragment of the skull. Some years after this, I obtained leave of Mr. Hervey Sitwell to prosecute the work, and removed the sloping bank from the face of the masonry looking towards Horsley. The wall had been covered to a considerable height with loose stones, and the work solidified by pouring liquid mortar on the pile. We had very great difficulty in clearing this mass away from the face of the tower basement. It must have been thrown up in a time of apprehended danger, and subsequent to the introduction of cannon, but when it is impossible to say, for I cannot find that there was a garrison at Horsley during the civil wars. I think there can be no doubt but that the present ruin formed a portion of the keep, which appears to have been mult-angular, and apparently constructed on an outcrop of the rock at a con- siderable elevation above the rest of the castle buildings. Of the extent and size of this fortress it is impossible now to speak with any certainty, but a large block of grouted rubble may be seen about 50 yards below the present ruin. It lies on a curved bank, which seems to me to indicate the course of the outer walls of a court-yard ; but I may be mistaken, for the whole surface of the hill, and specially the castle site, has been so thoroughly disturbed by quarrying that its original features have entirely disappeared. I have heard many times of the castle well, and a few years ago there were some living who pretended to know its position, but it has long been filled with rubbish from the quarry. A little while ago the castle hill was famous for its daffodils, and there was one kind which was identified as the daffodil of Syria, proving their eastern origin, but this variety has disappeared long ago. Of the remainder, some were planted last year in Smalley churchyard. In 1850 I noticed a few gooseberry bushes growing in the 22 ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. moat, probably the degenerated successors of those once cultivated in the castle garden. To proceed :—In the year 1201 Walter Malet paid 20 marks for assize of mort ancestor of 10 knights fees in Oscinton, Horsley, and Cotgrave (Nolts.), against the Knights Hospitallers of Jerusalem, Peter de Sandiacre, and Robert de Buron. This Robert de Buron was the son and heir of the last named Roger, and his wife Nichola, who was afterwards married by the Earl of Chester to Anketina de Brikesard without the consent of the King, and was, therefore, disseized of most of her lands, for some of which she compounded about the 2nd of King John. Robert de Buron increased the possessions and consequence of his family by his marriage with Cecilia, daughter and sole heiress of Sir Richard Clayton, of Clayton, in Lancashire, where the Byrons fixed their seat until the reign of Henry VIII., when they planted their residence among the ruins of the dissolved Priory of Newstead. In 1204 Peter de Sandiacre paid 20 marks scutage for 7 knights fees. In this year Walter Malet conceded the vill of Oscinton in free and pure alms to the brothers of the Hospital of Jerusalem, for the benefit of the souls of King John, his queen, and her heirs, and for the soul of Roger de Buron, and for the souls of his own parents; which said premises of Oscinton the said Walter Malet held by concession of Roger de Buron. And the said Walter Malet, for himself and his heirs, warranted that the said vill should remain devoted to the said house and hospital for its prayers. In 1205 Robert de Muschamp paid 15 marks to be relieved of the custody of the Castle of Harestan.* In 1210 certain works were executed at Harestan Castle, under the supervision of William le Vavasour, Robert de Bevecourt, John, son of Adam, and Ralph Camara.* In 1213 Peter de Sandiacre received too shill. rent in Litchurch in exchange for Horsley. In 1214 King John granted the royal Castle of Harestan* to * Pipe Rolls. ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. 23 William Ferrars, Earl of Derby, reciting that it was granted to him for the purpose of placing his wife there for security whilst he went into the Holy Land. A rising of the barons, however, prevented his departure, and having wrested the Castles of Peak and Bolsover by assault from the rebels, he was thereupon made governor of both those fortresses, so that he then held every Derbyshire stronghold of any importance. From this we may gather that Harestan Castle was a very secure stronghold— more so, perhaps, than Duffield.* In the Calendar of Fines for 1225, there is a most interesting entry relating to Horsley. In that year Richard Sandiacre, in consideration of the sum of 8 silver marks, surrendered his tenure of 207 acres of land there to Walter Malet. This land was occupied by twenty tenants, whose names happily are given. We have William le Macun (or the Mason) with his 20 acres; no doubt a very useful man in the fortress with his mallet and chisel. Gilbert de Castro, z.e., of the Castle—perhaps some official at Harestan—2o acres. Thomas de Wudehus, obviously from the neighbouring village —12 acres. — Roger le Parker, ze, the park keeper or ranger, having the custody of the game within the royalty—xz 5 acres. Lewin de Cotesgrave, without doubt an old dependent of the Burons, and from N ottinghamshire—rs acres. Gilbert, son of Henry, or Fitz Henry, as the record terms him — 20 acres. Henry Fitz Gilbert, probably son of the last named—12 acres. Robert le Clerc, probably the chaplain of the Castle—r2 acres. Hugh Fitz Ailrul—g acres. Arnold the ——— (his occupation defaced)—7 acres. Ralph of Ripley—8 acres. Godfrey Fitz Payn—8 acres. Gilbert, son of Emma—6 acres. Geoffry de Horsley—6 acres, * See Cox’s Duffield Castle, Society’s Journal, vol. ix. 24 ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY. Henry le Minur (an old Derbyshire name)—8 acres. Nicholas Fitz Herbert—6 acres. Robert Fitz Gamell—7 acres. Ralph, son of Beatrice—6 acres. Andrew le Carboner, z.e., charcoal burner—6 acres. Coal was little used at this period. Gilbert, son of Robert—4 acres. From a careful perusal of these names we have here clearly a list of the principal retainers of the Castle in 1225. It would be interesting to ascertain the situation of these land plots. They would hardly be within the boundary of the park, or, in other words, in the immediate vicinity of the Castle. Most likely the fields stretching from Coxbench to Horsley are the identical enclosures held by these persons. Probably some of them were married, and when not on duty resided as cottars in the neigh- bourhood, with their cattle, pigs, common rights, and other feudal privileges. In 1226, Henry III. issued his mandate to the market officials of Derby that no toll was to be taken of the men of Harestan of those things that they bought for their own use, nor of those things that they personally sold there.* In 1239, the Castle of Harestan was repaired, under the supervision of William Brien and Henry Talliatoris.t+ In 1251, Peter de Montfort was appointed Governor.t In 1256, Hugo le Despencer paid £15 into the Exchequer for the farm of the Castle and Manor of Harestan, for that and the four following years.t In 1266, the chaplain at Harestan Castle received 50 shillings for his stipend. It appears from this that there was then a chapel within the fortress. t In the year 1276 Thomas Normanville, of Harestan Castle, occurs in the Pipe Rolls among those who made some payment to the king. Again in 1278 he answered for the rents of Harestan. In 1283, the advowson of the church of Horsley was granted to * Rot. Lit. Claus. + Pipe Rolls. al iat tlie ANNALS OF HORESTON AND HORSLEY, 25 the Prior of Lenton in exchange for the advowson of the church of Felmersham (Ely) to himself and his successors.* In 1285, John Pipard had a grant of Harestan Castle for life. In 1287, the Abbot of Derby was seized of the mill of Horsley “ Super Derwent.’t In 1291, Richard Foliott obtained a patent for a market and a fair at his manor of Horsley, in Derbyshire. t The old market cross, undoubtedly erected at this time, stood in the wide place near the entrance to the church yard on the east. The entire basement was remaining until about the year 1830, when the stones were removed and employed in the con- struction of the new parish school. In 1299, Jordanus Foliot died, possessed of Harestan Castle, with the soke of Horsley.§ In the year 1300, Geoffry de Sandiacre paid £10 into the exchequer for half the farm of the castle and manor of Harestan. || In 1307, John de Chaundos was appointed governor of the castle 4 In 1312, Robert Tybetot paid £22 into the treasury for hold- ing, amongst other estates, the soke of Horsley and Horeston.** In 1315, Sir Ralph Shirley was appointed governor of the castle.tt In 1318, Robert Tybetot, of the castle of Nottingham, with the King’s Mill there, paid #22 for the soke of Horsley and Hores- ton for the last 5 years. In 1322, Ronald de Pembroke was appointed governor of the castle. tt In 1323, Gerard de Fanacourt seems to have had a grant of Horeston.§§ In 1324, John de Denum was appointed governor of Horeston Castle by the crown.||| In 1328, the King licensed the Prior of Breadsall to lease for * Charier Rolls. +Inq Post Mort. Cal. Rot. Pat. § Cal. Inquis. Mort. || Pipe Rolls. { Abbr. Rot. Orig. ** Pipe Rolls. +t Davies’ History of Derbyshire.