‘ % = =< = .. 2 ie m= ae a _ ~Z —— ~ -S . b — ——= ee ee ee \ ) i \ ’ { b t Nt r 1 = iy ‘ f 30 2°7MAY 1935 ARcHHOLOGICAL AND. Natura dISTORY — Sociery. LONDON: ; BEMROSE & SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY: = AND’ DERBY. JOURNAL OF THE _ v. .BYSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. EDITED BY ete OM ARIES, COX) Ii. EVSAA. VOL. XI. PEDRUAR YY, 839: London : BEMROSE AND SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY; AND DERBY. _ ill PAGE List OF OFFICERS - - - - - - - - - - v RULES - ‘s - - - - - - - - - - vil List oF MEMBERS - - - - - - - - - - x SECRETARY'S REPORT - - - - - - - - - xix BALANCE SHEET - - - - - - - - - - MACKWORTH: ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. By THE REV. CHARLES KERRY - - - - ph THE STONE House PREBEND, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. By GEORGE BaILEY - - - - - - - = 9 EASTER ROLL FOR THE PARISH OF HOPE, -FOR THE YEAR 1658. By J. CuHarvtes Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. - - - - = 05 On RatINns CAVE, LONGCLIFFE, DERBYSHIRE. By JOHN WaRD_ - - - - - - 2 = en ALLESTRY CHURCH LANDS: REPORT OF A COMMISSION OF 1682. Bye). CHARLES Cox, LL.D: .FScAL = - - - - 46 DERBYSHIRE EASTER DUES - - - - - - : =a Tut COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL - : - : - 54 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. By ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. - - - - - 68 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OccuPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. EVAOUINGVUAR DG | Stag at a shoe ode ee ENT Pk og, A CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY FROM THEIR COMMENCEMENT iN THE REIGN OF RICHARD I. - - - = DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE SEQUESTRATION OF THE DERBY- SHIRE ESTATRS OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. DY GHaRtEs Cox LL.De PSAs” = - - : - 107 THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK AND THE PIPE ROLIs. By W. H. Sr. Joun Hops, M.A. - 2 = - - 120 Notes ON Fenny BENTLEY CHURCH. By ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. - - - - - 127 MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. By W. DasHwoop Fane - - - - . - - 132 Receipt ROLL OF 1HE PEAK JURISDICTION OF THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. BY Js CusriEs Coxe bL. Ds r:S;As - - - - 142 OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL: BEGINNING ON THE FIRST OF May, 1774. By WHITE Watson - - - : = : : - 157 ALL Saints’ CHURCH, MackworTH. By F. J. ROBINSON” - - - e : = iv LIST OF .PLATES. TO FACE PAGE I. GATEWAY, MACKWORTH CASTLE - - - - - II. OBJECTS FROM RAINS CAVE, LONGCLIFFE - - - Ill. Fxint IMPLEMENTS FROM THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF SULONGGIIREE Wi sey en eo ae ee IV. Ditto DiTTo - - - - - V. BRADBOURNE CHURCH—HISTORICAL PLAN - - - AT. OBJECTS FROM LITTLE CHESTER - - - - - VII. Roman MorTaria FROM LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY— EXAMPLES OF RIMS - - - - - - VIII. THe KEEP OF THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK - - - IX. FacsIMILE OF DRAWING OF NEwT, BY Mr. WHITE WATSON - - - - - - - - X. MackwortTH CHURCH - - - - - - - XI. Dirro DiTTO—CHANCEL DOORWAY - - - 8 39 41 42 70 88 85 120 157 174 177 Vv LiStteer OF FLCERS. President : THE DURE OF DEVONSHIRE, K.. iG: Pice-Presidents : DuKE oF NorFo_k, K.G., E.M. DUKE OF RUTLAND. DUKE OF PORTLAND. MARQUESS OF HARTINGTON. LorD SCARSDALE. LorD VERNON. LorpD WATERPARK. Lorp BELPER. Lorp HowarD oF GLossop. Lorp HINDLIP. LorpD BurRTON. RicHT Rev. Lorp BISHOP OF LICHFIELD. RicHT Rev. Lorp BIsHoP oF SOUTHWELL. Hon. E. K. W. CoKE. Hon. W. M. JERVIs. Hon. FREDERICK STRUTT. RIGHT REv. BIsHOP ABRAHAM. Sir H. S. WiLMoT, Barrt., VG. CB: Sir J. G. N. ALLEYNE, BART. SiR ANDREW BARCLAY WALKER, BART. Sir T. WILLIAM EVANS, BART. VERY REV. DEAN OF LICHFIELD. VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON. J. G. Crompton, Esq. N. C. Curzon, Esa. G. F. MEYNELL, Esq. H. H. BEMROSE. Council ; JOHN BaILey. GEORGE BAILEY. WILLIAM BEMROSE. JoHN BorouGu. Rev. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. C. G. SAVILE FoLjamBe, M.P., F.S.A. Rev. M. K. S. Fritu, WILLIAM JOLLEY. Rev. F. JOouRDAIN. RICHARD KEENE. F. J. ROBINSON. Hon. Creasurer ; C. E. NEwTon. | C. JAMEs CaDE. J. GALLOP. T. W. CHARLTON. E. GREENHOUGH. Sirk JAMES ALLPORT. W. H. HonpceEs. W. MALLALIEU. | Wm. Wess, M.D. W. R. HOLLAND. Rev. CHARLES KERRY. ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. A. E. COKAYNE. JoHN WarRD. Hon. Secretary ; | ARTHUR Cox. Auditors : J. B. CouLson. | Wm. BEMROSE. vil CURD SP I.—NAME. The Society shall be called the ‘“‘ DERBYSHIRE ARCH ZOLOGICAL AND Naturat History Society. ” II.—Opsject. The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate the Archeology and Natural History of the County of Derby. IJI.—OperRation. The means which the Society shall employ for effecting its objects are :— 1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the Exhibition of Aniiquities, etc., and the discussion of subjects connected therewith. 2.—General Meetings each year at given places rendered Interesting by their Antiquities or by their Natural development. 3-—The publication of original papers and ancient documents, etc. 1V.—OFFICERS. The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice. Presidents, whose elections shail be for life; and an Honorary Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. V.—CouNnNCcIL. The General Management of the affairs and property of the Society shall be vested in a council, consisting of the President, viil : RULES. Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary, and twenty-four Members, elected from the general body of the Subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the Council. ; VI.—ADMISSION OF MEMBERS. The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any meeting of the Council, or at any General Meetings of the Society. VII.—SuBscRIPTION. Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All Subscriptions to become due, in advance, on the 1st January each year, and to be paid to the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life Membership. The composition of Life Members and the Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. VIII.—Honorary MEMBERS. The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in number. ‘Their privilege shall be the same as those of Ordinary Members. IX.—MEETINGS OF COUNCIL. The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, at such place or places as may be determined upon. Special meetings may also be held at the request of the President, or Five Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a quorum. RULES. : ix X.—Sus-CoMMITTEES. The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for confirmation. XI.—GENERAL MEETINGS. The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report shall be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the Council filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any time call a General Meeting, specifying the object for which that Meeting is to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General Meetings to be sent to each Member. XII.—ALTERATION OF RULES. No alteration in the Rules of the Society shall be made except by a majority of ‘two-thirds of the Members present at an Annual or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any intended alteration to be sent to each member at least seven days before the date of such Meeting. LIST OF MEMBERS. ~ otis — The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (“) are Life Members. Bloxham, M. H., F.S.A., Rugby. \ Cox, Rev. J. Charles, LL.D., F.S.A., Barton-le-Street Rectory, Malton. Fitch, R., F.S.A., Norwich. Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. Irvine, J. T., 167, Cromwell Road, Peterborough. Wrottesley, General The Hon. George, 85, Warwick Road, Earl’s Court, London, S.W. *Abney, Captain W. de W., F.R.S., C.B., Willesley House, Wetherly Road, Souih Kensington, London. *Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. Addy, S. O., George Sircet, Sheffield. Alleyne, Sir John G. N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. Allport, Sir James, Duffield, Derby. Allsopp, The Hon. A. Percy, Hindlip Hall, Worcester. *Arkwright, Rev. W. Harry, Vicarage, Cromford. Arkwright, James C., Cromford. *Arkwright, F. C., Willersley, Cromford. Armstrong, Rev. E. P., Mackworth Vicarage, Derby. Honorary Members. Bagshawe, W. H. G., Ford Hall, Chapel-en-le-Frith. Bagshawe, F. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. Bailey, George, 32, Crompton Street, Derby. Balguy, F. Noel, Junior Carlton Club, London. Balston, The Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. Barnes, Capi., Beaconsfield, Bucks. Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby. Bateman, F. O. F., Breadsall Mount, Derby. ATS TE x1 Bateman, Miss, Trowell’s Lane, Derby. Battersby, T., Kedleston Road, Derby. Beamish, Major, R.E., 28, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Beard, Nevill, The Mount, Ashburne. Belper, The Right Honourable Lord, ! ingston Hall. Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. Bennett, George, Irongate, Derby. *Bickersteth, The Very Rev. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lic! fel’. Bishop, E. J., Osmaston Road, Derby. Blackwall, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. Bland, Wm., Duffield, Derby. Boden, Richard, Grove Terrace, Osmaston Road, Derby. Boden, Walter, Abbot’s Hill, Derby. Boden, Rev. C. J., Morley Rectory, Derby. Bogonscheysky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. Borough, John, The Cedars, Belper. Bowring, Chas., Duffield Road, Derby. Bradbury, Edward, Belper. Bridge, Rev. T., Poynion, Stockport. Bridgeman, O. Granville, Bilton Hall, Rugby. Brigden, Geo., Irongate, Derby. Brindley, Benjn., South Parade, Derby. Brooke, Rev. Wm., 70, Bloomfield Street, Derby. Brushfield, T. N., M.D., The Cliff, Budleigh-Salterton, Devon. Bryan, Benjn., 18, Grandison Road, Clapham Common, London, 5.W. Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Sireet, Derby. Burton, The Right Hon. The Lord, Rangemoor, Burton-on-Trent. Busby, C. S. B., Duffield Road, Derby. Butler, W., Smith’s Bank, Derby. *Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. *Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. Campion, Frederick, Ockbrook, Derby. Campion, Frank, Glenarm, Longton Avenue, Upper Sydenham, London, Cantrill, Mrs. W., Charnwood Sireet, Derby. Carrington, W. Alex., Wye Cottage, Bakewell. Carter, F., Irongate, Derby. Chancellor, Rev. J., S. John’s, Derby. Charlton, Thomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Wingfield. Clark, G. D’Arcy, Highfield House, Derby. xil Clark, Rev. Walter, B.D., St. Helen’s, Derby. Clayton, Mrs.,f{Queen Street, Derby. Clowes, {Wm.,{Norbury,"Ashburne.4 Clulow, Edward, Junr., Victoria Street, Derby. Cokayne, Andreas E., Bakewell. *Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London. *Coke, Colonel Talbot, Debdale, Mansfield, Coke, The Hon. Edward Keppel Wentworth, Longford Hall. Cooling, Edwin, Irongate, Derby. Cooke, Charles, Spondon, Cooper, Wm., School Board Office, Strand, Derby. Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. Coulson, J. B., Friar Gate, Derby. Coulson, G. M., Friar Gate, Derby. Cox, William, Brailsford. Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby. Cox, F. W., Priory Flatte, Breadsall, Derby. Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. Crompton, J. G., Lilies, Derby. *Cross, Robert, Bakewell. Croston, James, F.S.A., Upton Hall, Prestbury, Cheshire. Crowther, William, Free Library, Derby. Curgenven, W. G., M.D., Friar Gate, Derby. Currey, B. S., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. Currey, Rev. R. H. S., S. Anne’s, Derby. Currey, Percy H., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. *Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. Davey John, Gerard Street, Derby. Davis, Frederick, F.S.A., Palace Chambers, S. Stephen's, Westminster. Derry, T. K., Bank House, Belper. Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. Downing, Wm., Olton, Birmingham. Dunn, C. B. Noble, The Tors, Crich, Derby. Eckett, S. B., 4 dvertiser Office, Derby. Eddowes, C. K., Eddowes, Mrs. C. K. Edmunds, Wilfred, Derbyshire Times, Chesterfield. Edwards, H. V., Mackworth, Derby. Egerton, Admiral The Hon. F., Devonshire House, London. *Evans, Sir T. W., Bart., Allestree, Derby. IS. Mary’s Gate, Derby. xiii Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. *Evans, John, Highfields, Derby. Evans, Henry, West Bank, Derby. Evans, Robert, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham, *Eyre, Lewis, 78, Radcliffe Gardens, Kensington, London, S.W. *Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. Feilden, Rev. Randle, Mugginton, Derby. Ffytche, Lewis, F.S.A., The Terrace, Freshwater, I.W. Fisher, Edwd., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot, Devon. *FitzHerbert, J. K., Twynham, Bournemouth. *FitzHerbert, Rev. Regd. H. C., Somersal Herbert, Derby. *Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P., F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark. Forman, Rev. T. R., S. Alkmund’s, Derby. Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby. Fox, Rev. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. *Freer, Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. Frith, Rev. M. K.S., The Vicarage, Allestree. Furneaux, Rev. W. M., Repton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. Garbutt, Horace, 31, Friar Gate, Derby. *Gisborne Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. Gisborne, T. M., Walton, Burton-on-Trent. Glossop, Chas. Henry, Sheffield, and Rotherham Bank, Bakewell. Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. Goode, Mrs. *Goodwin, F. S., Bridge House, Bakewell. Greaves, Robt. Handley, The Hayes, Bakewell. Greenhough, Edward, Parkfield, Willersley Road, Matlock. Greensmith, L. J., Longcliffe House, Charnwood Street, Derby. Greenwell, Geo. C., F.G.S., Elm Tree Lodge, Duffield. Groves, Rev. C. W., Grammar School, Risley. Hall, J. Payne, Uttoxeter. Hall, Rev. Tansley, Boyleston, Derby. Hambly, C. H. Burbidge, Holmside, Hazelwood, Derby. Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. Hartington, The Most Noble the Marquess of, M.P., Devonshire House, Piccadilly, London. Hartshorne, Albert, F.S.A., Bradbourne, Wirksworth. Harwood, James, Corn Market, Derby. Harpur-Crewe, Lady, Spring Hill, East Cowes, I. W. X1V *Yarpur-Crewe, Hugo, Chantrey House, Melbourne. Haslam, A. Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. Haslam, W. Coaies, Ripley, Derby. Henley, Mrs. A., 145, Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Hindlip, the Right Hon. the Lord, Doveridge, Derby. Hipkins, Rev. F. C., Priory, Repion. Hodges, W. H., Osmasion Road, Derby. Holland, W. R., Ashburne. Hollis, H. W., F.R.A.S., Butterley. Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Derby. Holmes, H. M., London Road, Derby. Holmes, H. M., Jun., London Road, Derby. Holmes, G. E., London Road, Derby. Hope, Rev. William, S. Peter’s, Derby. Hope, W. H. St. John, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London. Hope, R. C., F.S.A., Albion Crescent, Scarborough. *Hovenden, R. Heathcote, Patk Hill Road, Croydon. | Howard, the Right Hon. Lord, of Glossop, Glossop Hall. Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. Huish, Darwin, Wardwick, Derby. Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook, Derby. Hunter, John, Ficld Head House, Belper. *Hurt, Albert F., Alderwasley, Derbyshire. Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, WE Jackson, John P., Stubbing Edge, Chesterfield. *Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. Jervis, Hon. E. S. Parker, Aston Hall, Sutton Coldfield. Jessop, W. de Burgh, Overton, Alfreton. Jeudwine, W. W., Holywell House, Chesterfield. Jobson, J., The Cotiage, Spondov, Derby. Jobson, Godfrey, Derwent Foundiy, Derby. Johnson, E. S., Litileover Hill, Derby. Johnson, Rev. Wm., Repton. Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. Jones, Rev. T. J., Tickenhall, Derby. Joseph, Ferguson, Friar Gate, Derby. Jourdain, Rev. Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. Keene, Richard, Iron Gate, Derby. Kerry, Rev. Chas., Stonebroom, Alfreton. Kewley, Rev. J. W., The Rectory, Matlock. XV Keys, John, 1, Rose Hill Street, Derby. Kingdon, Clement B., Ednasion Lodge. Kirke, H., Georgetown, Demerara, West Indies. Kirkland, Capt. Walter, 23, Upperton Gardens, Eastbour e. Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. Langdon, W., The Lawn, Belper. Leacroft, Rev. C. H., The Brackenfield, Alfreton. Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Moor End, Sheffield. Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter ol—Chas. Gresley, the Close, Liclifield. Lichfield, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. Lindsay, J. Murray, M.D., Mickleover, Derby. Litherland, Hy., The Gardens, Osmaston Road, Derby. Livesay, Wm., M.D., Sudbury, Derby. Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby. Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby. Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield, and Watford Villa, New Mills, Stockport. Maclean, Hugh, “Ashburne. Madan, Rev. Nigel, West Hallam. Mallalieu, W., Swallows’ Resi, Ockbrook. Manchester Public Free Library—C. W. Sutton, King Street, Manchester. Manton, J. O., Wharfdale Villa, Swinburne Street, Derby. Marriott, J. C., Varley Abbey, Derby. Martin, Rev, W., S. Chad’s, Derby. McInnes, E., 100, Osmaston Road, Derby. Meakin, Miss, Meakin, Miss Harriette, Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Mellor, H. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Mills, Henry, Laurels, Etwall. Milnes, Rev. Herbert, The Vicarage, Winster. Milnes, E. S., Culland Mount, Derby. Mole, R. L. Homer, Full Sireet, Derby. Molineux, Rev. C. H., Staveley Rectory, Chesterheld. Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. *Mundy, Meynell, 30, Green Park, Bath. Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. Mundy, Rev. T. B., Wilne, Derby. Murray, Frank, London Street, Derby. } Spondon. XV1 Naylor, J. R., Littleover Hill, Derby. Neal, Thos., Chestnut House, Highfield Road, Derby. Needham, E. M., Duffield, Derby. Newdigate, Colonel F. W., West Hallam, Derby. Newmane, Madame Cavania, George Street, Derby. Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. Nodder, Miss Jemima C., Marsh Green, Ashover, Chesterfield. Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., E.M., Arundel Castle. Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. Oakes, C. H., Holly Hurst, Riddings. Oakes, James, Holly Hurst, Riddings. Olivier, Rev. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. *Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood, Mansfield. Pegge, W. M., Bridge Street, Burton-on-Trent. Portland, His Grace the Duke of, Welbeck, Notts. Ratcliffe, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent. Robinson, F. J., Darley Slade, Duffield Road, Derby. *Rutland, His Grace the Duke of, Belvoir Castle. Sale, Richard, Barrow Hill, Derby. Sale, W. H., The Uplands, Burton Road, Derby. Sandys, Captain H. Stair, R.N., Spondon. Sankay, W. H., Sandiacre, Derby. Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston. *Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. Seely, Charles, Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. Shaw, Rev. G. A., Mackworth Vicarage, Derby. Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. Sheldon, T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. Sitwell, Sir George, Bart., F.S.A., Renishaw, Chesterfield. Slack, J. B., Netherlea, Ilkeston. Sleigh, John, Eversley, Matlock. Smith, F. N., Wingfield Park, Alfreton. Sneyd, Dryden, Ashcombe, Leek. *Southwell, Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, Thurgarton Priory, Notts. Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. Statham, Geo. E., Matlock Bridge. Stephenson, M., 3, Rowden Buildings, Temple, London, E.C. XVil Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. Strick, Richard, Silverdale, Staffordshire. *Strutt, The Hon. Frederick, West Leake, Loughborough. . Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Derby. Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. Swingler, Henry, Ireton Wood House, Derby. Taylor, Frederick Ernest, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, H. Brooke, Bakewell. Taylor, Wm. Grimwood, 83, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Taylor, Mrs. A. G., S. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Tetley, Rev. W. H., Charnwood Street, Derby. Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby. Thornewill, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. Towle, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. Trollope, Hon. C. W., New Bath Hotel, Matlock. Trubshaw, Chas., St. Aubyn Villa, Osmaston Road, Derby. Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey. Turbutt, W. Gladwyn, Ogston Hall, Alfreton. Usher, Rev. Richard, Grove House, Ventnor, I.W. *Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. *Walker, Sir A. B., Bart., Osmaston Manor, Derby. Walker, J., Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. Walker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. Walker, William, Lea Wood, Cromford. *Walthall, H. W., Alton Manor, Wirksworth. Ward, John, S. Peter’s Bridge, Derby. Wardell, Stuart C., Doe Hill House, Alfreton. Waterpark, the Right IIon. Lord, Doveridge. Webb, Wm., M.D., Wirksworth. Whiston, W. Harvey, Idridgehay. *Whitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. Williams, J., Midland Railway, Derby. *Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., C.B., Chaddesden Hall. Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. xvill Wilson, Arthur, Melbourne. Wood, H. J., Breadsall Priory, Derby. Wood, Rev. Sumner C., Marsden, Huddersfield. Woodforde, W. B., Breadsall Lodge, Derby. Woods, Sir Albert, Garter King-at-Arms, College of Arms, London. Woodyatt, Rev. George, Repton Vicarage. Worthington, W. H., Derwent Bank, Derby. Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby. *Wright, Charles, Wirksworth. Yeatman, Pym, Cedar Villa, High Barnet. ea ee XIX BeEPORT OF THE HON. SECRETARY. 1888. StS JHE Tenth Anniversary of the Society was held in the School of Art (kindly lent by the Committee for the occasion), on Monday, February 13th, 1888. Sir William Evans, Bart., occupied the Chair. As arrangements had been made for holding a Conversazione, which had been unavoidably postponed at the last moment, the proceedings at this meeting were of a purely formal character. The Report of the Society’s Proceedings for the past year was read and adopted. The officers for the year commencing were elected. The meeting confirmed the provisional election of the Rev. Chas. Kerry, Mr. Hartshorne, F.S.A., and Mr. A. E. Cokayne, to the three seats on the Council vacant by the deaths of Mr. Thos. Evans, F.G.S., and Dr. Dolman, and the resignation of Mr. F. Campion. All the members of Council retiring under Rule V., Messrs. Mallalieu, Webb, Holland, J. Bailey, G. Bailey, _Bemrose, Borough, and Cox, were re-elected, as were also the Hon. Treasurer, Hon. Sec., Hon. Sec. of Finance, and the Auditors. Eleven new members of the Society were elected. The Society held a Conversazione in the Art Gallery, by kind permission of the Free Library Committee, on the evening of April 11th. The entrance to the Gallery was from the Strand ; light refreshments, at a fixed tariff, were supplied in the lower gallery, and here also was exhibited a very fine collection of Rubbings of Brasses, the property of the Rev. Chas. Kerry ; the ancient deed, date 1597, of the Full Street Alms Houses, with xx REPORT seal and silver badge, and other objects of interest. In the upper gallery the Rev. Dr. Cox, LL.D., F.S.A., gave an address on “Derbyshire, from Queen Elizabeth to Queen Anne”; while during the evening a selection of vocal and instrumental music was contributed by Mrs. Curgenven, Miss Violet Huish, and Mr. T. H. Wood, Mr. Hilton’s string band performing in the Museum corridor. The Mayor of Derby and Mrs. Newbold were the only guests invited in the name of the President and Council; all members of the Society were at liberty to invite any number of private guests. As it was not considered right that the funds of the Society should be charged with thé cost of a conversazione, a circular letter was sent to the President and Vice-Presidents of the Society, asking them, if they approved the scheme, to contribute towards the necessary expense. ‘The generous response to this appeal made by the Duke of Devonshire, our President, and by five of our Vice-Presidents, enabled the Conversazione Committee to carry out their arrangements in a way that all who were present will agree was eminently satisfactory, and without any cost to the general funds of the Society. During the past year there have been one specially summoned and six ordinary meetings of the Council, with a fairly regular attendance of about half the elected members. The first expedition of the Society during the past year was held on Tuesday, June 5th, to Mackworth and Kirk Langley. The party left Derby at 2 p.m. and drove to Mackworth Church, where the Vicar, the Rev. G. A. Shaw received them. Mr. F. J. Robinson read a paper on the history and architecture of the church. From the Church the party walked to Mackworth Castle, where by kind permission of the owner, Lord Scarsdale, and of his tenant, every facility was afforded for examination of the grounds. The Rev. Charles Kerry read a paper explanatory of the history of the Castle. Mr. Kerry’s paper, which he has since been able to amplify considerably, will be found in another part of this REPORT. XXI Journal. After inspecting the Castle, the visitors drove on to Kirk Langley Church, where the Rector, the Rev. F. W. Meynell, received and conducted them over the building, explaining its history and the alterations which have been made. Mr. Meynell afterwards hospitably entertained the party at tea at the Rectory, and the breaks returned to Derby about 6 p.m. The next expedition was held on Saturday, July 21st, to Fenny Bentley, Tissington, and Bradbourne. The party left Derby (Friar Gate Station) in special carriages attached to the 10.49 train for Ashburne. Luncheon was taken at the Green Man Hotel, Ashburne, and at 1.30 p.m. breaks conveyed the party to Fenny Bentley Church, where they were received by the Vicar and Curate. The paper, which appears in this volume, upon the history and details of the Church, written by Mr. Hartshorne, F.S.A., was read by the Hon. Sec., Mr. Jourdain adding some information upon points not mentioned in Mr. Hartshorne’s notes. The drive was then continued to Tissington, where by kind permission of Sir William FitzHerbert, the beautiful old Hall, with its collection of invaluable paintings, china, and other objects of art, was thrown open to the inspection of the visitors. After examining the Hall and Church, under the guidance of the Rev. J. FitzHerbert, the party drove on to Bradbourne Hall, where they were received by Mr. Hartshorne, F.S.A., and most hospitably entertained.. Mr. Hartshorne read an_ exhaustive paper upon the architecture and history of Bradbourne Church, and conducted the visitors over the building, calling special attention by means of an excellently drawn plan to the various periods of architecture ; and also pointing out the remains of the ancient cross in the churchyard. Mr. Hartshorne’s paper appears in another part of the Journal. The return journey was made from Ashburne at 7.50, the G.N. Company sending a:special engine to Egginton to bring the carriages to the Friar Gate Station. A third expedition was made by the Society on Tuesday, September 25th, to ‘Darley Dale and Stancliffe. The party left Derby in special saloon carriages attached to the 1,35-p.m. train Xxii REPORT. for Darley Dale. The Rector of Darley Dale, the Rev. F. Atkinson, received the visitors at the Church, and, after giving the most recent measurements of the ancient yew tree in the churchyard, conducted them over the building and pointed out the various features of interest. From the Church the party walked to Stancliffe, the grounds being thrown open to them by kind permission of Lady Whitworth. The grounds, gardens, and conservatories were visited under the guidance of Mr. Dawson, after which tea, provided by the kind hospitality of Mr. Sleigh, was taken at Darley Bridge, and the return journey to Derby was made at 6.43. In the early part of the past year a requisition, signed by five members of the Society, was sent to your Council, suggesting an alteration of two of our Rules (Nos. I. and II). The discussion of the question was postponed to the next Council meeting, at which all the gentlemen who had signed the requisition were invited to be present and to explain fully their views, members of Council being notified of the proposed alteration of Rules. None of those who had signed, however, attended the meeting, and your Council did not feel justified, from the data before it, in summoning a general meeting of the Society to discuss the suggested change. ‘The Council desires this meeting to be in- formed that the proposal was to drop the title “ Natural History ” and to extend this Society’s operations to Notts.; the title in future to be “‘ Derbyshire and Notts. Archzeological Society.” In March last, one of our Vice-Presidents, Lord Scarsdale, communicated with your Hon Sec. touching the discovery, in a cave on Brassington Moor, in this county, of a quantity of bones, human and brute, fragments of pottery and other articles. The discovery was made by two sons of a farmer, tenant to Lord Scarsdale, the cave, however, not being on his lordship’s property. After inspecting the cave and bones in company with Lord Scarsdale, and taking the opinion of one or two good judges, the discovery seemed to be one of undoubted interest, and Professor Boyd Dawkins, of Owen’s College, Manchester, was written to for his advice. The Professor replied that the discovery ought a REPORT. Xxlli unquestionably to be followed up, and promised to visit the cave and give his opinion on the bones. It was August before Professor Boyd Dawkins was able to fulfil his promise, but he then paid a visit to Brassington in company with Dr. Cox, Mr. Hartshorne, and your Hon. Sec. The result of this visit was the identification of the bones or sculls of man, horse, bos longifrons, larger ox, red deer, roe deer, horned sheep, Hebridean sheep, goat, hog, hare, rabbit, dog, badger, wild cat, and birds of sorts The Professor pronounced the bones to belong to the neolithic and bronze ages, and very probably also to include the Roman habitation of Britain. It was his opinion that the cave ought to be systematically examined and opened to a much lower depth. In accordance with the suggestion of Professor Boyd Dawkins, your Council made an application to the British Association, asking whether any grant towards expenses would be made by the Association, in the event of this Society undertaking the exploration of the cave. This application has for the present been set aside, but we are not without hopes that some grant may eventually be made. In the meantime a Committee has been appointed to watch the matter and report to your Council. Full particulars concerning the human skulls discovered in the cave, and further notice of the pottery and other objects will be found in the excellent paper by Mr. John Ward which appears in this volume. The most hearty thanks of our Society are due to Lord Scarsdale for his kindly consideration of our claims, and for his prompt action in this matter; our thanks are also most specially due to Mr. Rains (Lord Scarsdale’s tenant) and to his sons for their careful custody of the “‘finds’”’ and the keen interest they have displayed throughout, with very practical help whenever it has been needed. A more general readiness to take up a matter of this sort zz “ime, and a wider spread of intelligent interest would go a long way towards arresting vandalism, and bringing important questions at once under the notice of those qualified to deal with them. Your Council received, in August last, a communication from XX1V REPORT. the Society of Antiquaries, stating that, in accordance with a very numerously signed requisition (this requisition originated with one of the best known Members of ¢#zs Society), they proposed to summon a Congress of Delegates from various County Societies, to consult as to the best manner of carrying on, throughout the Country, systematic archeological research. Your Council, in reply, expressed its hearty concurrence, and appointed as delegates for this Society, the Rev. Dr. Cox and your Hon. Sec. Last September the attention, not only of this Society, but of the whole archeological world, was called to certain pro- ceedings in the Long Gallery of Haddon Hall. In the Atheneum and in the local Press appeared many letters, including some from Members of our own Society, and all condemning emphatically the attempt to scrape and oil the panelling in the Long Gallery. Your Council decided that an expression of its opinion as representing the County Society ought to be conveyed to the Duke of Rutland, and sent afterwards to the local Press. The resolution adopted, and forwarded to his grace, ran thus :— “The Council of the Derbyshire Archzeological and Natural History Society, having heard with deep regret of the recent experiments upon the panelling of the Long Gallery at Haddon Hall, begs most respectfully to suggest to his Grace the Duke of Rutland the harm that they believe would accrue to this valued building both artistically and archzologically, if the panelling of the Long Gallery be in any way tampered with, to the destruction of its time-honoured harmony. The Council is of opinion that the high value of the place and its fittings consists in the condition in which they have been transmitted to the present time.” The Duke of Rutland replied, thanking the Council for the resolution, with an assurance that the matter had his miost serious attention, and consenting to join the Society as a Life Member. The possibility of forming a Derbyshire Record Society to be REPORT. XXV affiliated to this Society has been suggested to your Council, and will be put before you immediately. During the past year your Council has, on more than one occasion, been asked to advise as to proposed change or restora- tion, notably in two recent instances, viz., a probable restoration of the interesting chancel of the Church at Chapel-en-le-Frith ; and, more important still, the intention of the new vicar of Melbourne to rebuild the apse, removed in the 16th century, to the north aisle of that most splendid specimen church. The foundations of the old Norman apse will be followed, and the reproduction will be as like the original as possible. The Council would again remind all Members how easy it is, with a little trouble, to keep themselves informed as to suggested alteration in their immediate neighbourhood, and how important it is to report any such suggested change af once. We regret to have to record the deaths, during the past year, of two of our Hon. Members, of the Duke of Rutland, a Life Member but not a Vice-President, and of six Ordinary Members. The total of our Members, however, remains the same as last year. The Council would call attention to the fact that, although last year our Balance Sheet showed a deficit of nearly eighty pounds, now we have a small balance in hand. This is mainly due to the fact that during the past year very considerable arrears in Subscriptions have been paid off, and also that the last volume of the Journal was much less costly than for some years past. This state of affairs is satisfactory, and if we can only get a// arrears in Subscriptions paid off, and again be content with an inexpensive volume, we ought, by this time next year, to be able still further to congratulate ourselves. Your Council feels that much has been done which is both important and encouraging in the course of the eleventh year of our proceedings. ARTHUR COX, Mill Hill, Derby. Hon. Sec. January 26th, 1889. BALANCE SHEET. XXV1 ‘6ggr ‘Hibz AUVOANV[ ‘NUTIVITIVW “MM ‘suoOLaay { SEE '-S ei “ASONNAD WVITTIM ‘NOSTNOO ‘a SAWVS GIatdor punof pun paurmuvx sy “ALYIOOS AYOLSIH TVUNLYN oO § Shey Omens Sei fe) ¢ ce wees ee ere ee ee er rir? soured fa) ¢ ¢ Sere e een e reece ene eerneeces gggi (£1) $39] aouvquA CO Ommone 8 e035 et HE ye “og ‘od ORO, Pisa any Pore eae ae sores & 8ggi (b%) suontsoduog apr] fe) fe) olt ee eee eee ee ey *juo0 rod v ye ‘So]2 fe) fe) 1¢z eee Cena er ee ee ee iy ‘L991 si uorjeiodi09g Aqiaq uo sades}10Jy uo pajsaauy da] 0} saa aouRsjUy pu suontsodmog ary iD "Spay tin “INNOOOV LNYWLSAHANI ames OOM Yaa: S907, 7, Il ¢ eee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee ee es pury ul aour[vg TMON Ore Gc cece eran tas JUNODIV UM*BIPIBAO UO 4soIOIUT One or mm ra es tke Legit ‘jeuinof ur yx10M 410% ystfdop oO fo) fof} | MU SIOSRC ion OST Ge SOY WO te Irian ‘op Suljipy - 9 8 ee oe JUIUT}SOAUT uo jsa1o]Uuy ee Ve O9 eee eg CHOC er yeumof Sunuig or + terse vesordog punog pur sreuinof jo ayes 8 by + eee eee err ri Sunug fe) Cy fg ene er aie a irae suoijdiios TU care cy Sa ea L881 asf ‘Qaq, ‘slayurg 0} onp sduvjeq -qng puv ‘suontsodwog ayrq ‘saaq souvajuq pos 7 Pe FZ “AVNLIGNGAX A “SLAIaOaY “LNNOOOV “IVYANAD ‘ggg1 “ast€ YAHMWAOAG OL SINQOOOV AO INAWALVLS GQNYV ‘ITVDIDOTOWHOUV AYIHSAPTHAAG 3 o>) Se = N C4 ERBYSHIRE FARCHBOLOGICAL AND ATURAL History BOCIETY. — = Ror > Mackworth: tts Castle and tts Owners, By THE Rev. CHARLES KERRY. m wey HE name “ Mackworth” signifies the estate or manor of ‘‘ Macca ;” probably one of the leaders of the ancient Norsemen.—(Favell Edmunds.) At the time of the Norman survey one “Colle” appears to have held this manor, with Kniveton and Allestree, under Gozelin, at a rental of ros. 8d., and Gozelin held it under Earl Siward, who, if not the owner, held it under Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester. Whether the descendants of Colle or Gozelin were identical with the family which afterwards were known as ‘‘de Mackworth,” there is nothing unfortunately to show, but it is not improbable, for the rank of the Mackworths in after times appears to have corresponded with that of the sub-tenants of Domesday, the Mackworths holding their lands under the chief lord of the fee, whose residence was at Markeaton. Henry de Mackworth occurs in the Pipe Rolls of 1254, and Edith, daughter of Emma de Mackworth, in the same records in 1272. In 1391 William de Mackworth was appointed rector of VOL. XI. I 2 MACKWORTH : ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. Kirk Langley close by. The authentic pedigree of the Mack- worths commences with two brothers, John and Thomas. John was Prebendary of Empingham and Dean of Lincoln in 1422. In an inquest of Knights’ Fees, taken in 1432, he is described as of Nassington Dean, and possessed of an income of 5 marks from property in Derby. In the Harl. MS. 1104, Brit. Mus. (according to the ABuzder of April 21, 1888), it is stated that in the 31st of Hen. VI. the celebrated Barnard’s Inn, Holborn, was a messuage belonging to Dr. John Mackworth, Dean of Lincoln, and at that time in the holding of one Lyonel Bernard, from whom (on its conversion into an Inn of Chancery) it has since retained the namie of ‘‘ Barnard’s Inn.”” Dean Mackworth died in the year 1451, devising his town house at Holborn to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln. His executors, whereof Thomas Atkins, citizen, was one, completed the conveyance. In an Inquisition at the Guildhall, before John Norman (Lord Mayor 1453-4) the King’s Escheator, a jury agreed that ‘‘ It was not hurtful for the king to licence Thomas Atkins, one of the executors of John Mackworth, Dean of Lincoln, to give one messuage in Holborn called Mackwortn’s INN, but then commonly called by the name of Barnard’s Inn, to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln, to find one sufficient chaplain to celebrate divine service in the chapel of St. George in the Cathedral Church of Lincoln, where the body of the said John is buried.” The arms of the Mackworth family, granted in 1404, are still the arms of Barnard’s Inn. These arms are a compound of the arms of Touchet and Audeley, formed by placing Audeley’s frette on Touchet’s chevron, and varying the field from that of Touchet by giving “‘party per pale sable and ermine,” instead of the simple field of ermine of the Touchets. The original grant runs as follows: “To all to whom the present writing may come, John Touchet, Lord of Audley, saluting. Know ye, that we, on account of our consideration for our very dear and beloved John Mackworth, and Thomas Mackworth his brother, born of good and brave people, and for the good service which their ancestors have done, and because we wish to honour them and MACKWORTH: ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. 3 advance their condition, do hereby give them part of our arms of Audeley and Touchet, to have and bear with certain differences, viz. : an escutcheon painted sable and ermine indented per pale ; thereon a chevron gules fretty, or—of the arms of Audeley, and a crest, viz.,a wing plumed, sable and ermine. To have and bear the said arms with such differences as may seem good to them. The said arms to be borne by them and their heirs with- out let or hindrance from our heirs whomsoever they may be for ever. In testimony of which we have hereunto affixed our seal. Given in our mansion of Markeaton, this first day of August, 1404.” The Baronetages have asserted that one of the Mackworths was an esquire attendant on James Lord Audeley in the celebrated battle of Poictiers, a statement not supported by any authority, indeed the connection of the Mackworths does not appear to have been with that lord, but with the family of Touchet, which by intermarriage with the heir general of the Lord Audeley, afterwards acquired that title. There is another interesting document of John Touchet Lord Audeley, conveying some property in Mackworth to this same John Mackworth, the priest-prebendary of Empingham :— “To all by whom these letters shall be seen or heard, John Touchet Lord Audeley saluting. Know ye that we have con- stituted and empowered our beloved Richard Touchet and Edward de la Park to deliver seizin to our very dear and beloved John Mackworth, clerk, of a tenement which we have given to the said John Mackworth, which said tenement is a parcel of -THE Mooruati in Mackworth, and which tenement William Touchet formerly held, according to the effect and purport of our charter indented, by which we have given to the aforesaid John the aforenamed tenement. “‘We therefore confirm and establish all the aforesaid to Richard and Edward, or one of them, to act in our name touching the livery of the same. “In testimony whereof we have affixed our seal. Given this 4 MACKWORTH : ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. 16th day of February, in the year of the reign of our very noble Lord King Henry IV. after the conquest the seventh.” (1406.) Thomas Mackworth, younger brother of the aforesaid John, was the ancestor of the subsequent generations. He was of Mackworth, and was living in 1433. By his marriage with Alice, daughter of John de Basinges and sister and heiress of Sir John de Basinges, he acquired the estates of Empingham, &c. She survived her husband, and was reported to be sixty years old in the year 1446. In 1432 Thomas Mackworth held the manor of Ashe in the Fee of Tutbury, for three parts of a knight’s Fee, and 40 shill. soc. in Mackworth. This Thomas was succeeded by his son Henry, of Mackworth and Empingham, who in 1432 held with John Francis, of Sandiacre, gent., the seventh of a knight’s Fee in Stanton-by- Dale. He also possessed a rental of £4 6s. 8d. in Bradeston, Sandiacre, and Risley, besides a rental of 20s. in Spondon. This Henry left issue John, Thomas, Richard, and Walter. John, the eldest of these, of Mackworth and Empingham, by his wife Beatrix, left issue (inter alia) :— George M., of Mackworth, who married Ann, daughter of Geoffry Sherrard, of Stapleford, whose marriage settlement is dated 1489. He was living in 1535, and was buried at Empingham. Their son, Francis Mackworth, of Mackworth, married Elene, sister and coheir of John Hercy, of Grove, Notts., who was buried also at Empingham in 1557. Francis made his will on the 16th of September the same year, and died on the 25th of September, 1558. They left issue :— George Mackworth, of Mackworth and Empingham. Born 1541. Living 1580. By his first wife Grace Rokeby (daughter of Ralph Rokeby, serjeant-at-law), who died 1569, he left :— Sir Thomas Mackworth, of Normanton,* in Co. Rutland, created Bart. 4th June, 1619, who in 1595 married Elizabeth, * Blore (History of Rutland) makes Sir Thomas the son of his father’s second wife. MACKWORTH : ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. 5 daughter of Henry Hall, of Gretford, her mother’s sole heiress. She was buried zoth September, 1620. The said Sir Thomas was interred 22nd March, 1625-6. Sir Thomas left issue (inter alia), Sir Henry Mackworth, of Normanton, baptized at Gretford 22nd October, 1598, died 24th August, 1640, buried at Empingham. He married Mary, daughter of Robert Hopton, of Witham, County Somerset. Buried 11th February, 1692-3, ‘‘ Plusquam nonagesima.” This lady afterwards became the wife of Sir Thomas Hartopp, Knight, of Normanton (husband of Mary, 7th May, 1649). He was of Burton St. Lazarus, Leicester, and left issue by another wife. By Sir Henry Mackworth, her first husband, she had issue :-— Sir Thomas Mackworth, of Normanton, Bart., eldest son and heir ; buried at Empingham rst December, 1694. This gentleman sold his ancestral estate at Mackworth, with the Castle &c., to Sir John Curzon in 1655. The last of the Baronets of this ancient line was Sir Henry Mackworth, who died about the year 1803, in the Charter House, London, upon the Poor Knight’s Charity, when the title became extinct. For the following notices of the Curzon Estates in Mackworth and Markeaton, we are obliged to the courtesy of the Right Honourable Lord Scarsdale, who has generously permitted the writer of this article to make the necessary abstracts from his documents for this work. Some portion of the Curzon Estate, comprising 64 acres of land &c., in Mackworth and Markeaton, belonged to Michael and Jone Baggaley, by whom it was sold or alienated to John Agard, in the year 1599. On 1st March, 1627, certain premises at Markeaton were leased for 21 years to George Sitwell, of Renishaw, Gentleman, and Robert Walker, of Markeaton, Gentleman, by William Frances, of Derby, and Margery his wife, and John Agard, of Derby, skinner, at the yearly payment of 45, payable to the said William Frances. This property is defined as ‘ All those three cottages in Markeaton, sometime in the tenure and occupation of Richard Scopstake, 6 MACKWORTH: ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. Edward Smalley, and Robert Mitchell, and now in the occupation of Edward Wylcockson, Hugh Wright, and Mitchell Ladior.” By deed dated 3rd February, 1653, Sir John Curzon, Knight and Bart., purchased 215 acres of land in Markeaton and Mackworth, with houses and tenements appertaining thereto, from Henry Frances, Gentleman, and Mary his wife. On the 5th of December, 1653, Sir John Curzon, of Kedleston, Bart., for the sum of £1,000, purchased from Henry Frances, the estate in Mackworth, called Bower Ground, lying in the Townsfields in the liberties of Markeaton and Mackworth, and four-fifths of a messuage called ‘‘ The Crosse House,” which said house is in the possession of John Baynbridge, and is near adjoining Markeaton Mylne, and four-sixths of three cottages in Markeaton, now in the occupation of Edward Wilkinson, John Machin, and Thomas Gilman ; all of which heretofore was the inheritance of Thomas Agard, deceased, late brother to him the. said Henry Frances. From the preceding it would appear that John Agard, of Markeaton (living 1599), left two grandchildren, Thomas Agard, skinner, of Derby, and a daughter the wife of Henry Frances, who, on the death of his wife’s brother Thomas, came into posses- sion of the Agard Estates, and who shortly afterwards disposed of them to the Curzons. The principal and most interesting of the Mackworth documents however, is the deed of conveyance of the CasTLE and Manor of MackwortH,* from Sir Thomas ‘Mackworth Bart., to Sir John Curzon, Bart., of which the following is an abstract : ‘“‘By Indenture tripartite, dated 16th June, 1655, Sir Thomas Hartopp of Barton Lazar, in County Leicester, and Dame Mary his wife, Sir Thomas Mackworth of Normanton, in County Rutland, Bart., son and heir apparent of the said Lady Mary, John Knight of London, Gentleman, and Richard Corney of the same, Gentleman, of the first part: * Among the Curzon Documents is a receipt dated 11th February, 1653, from Sir Thomas Mackworth to Sir John Curzon, for the sum of £1,300, purchase money for the manor of Mackworth and lands there.—Signed in the presence of John Bernard, Francis Crane, Francis Curzon, Joseph Taylor. By Thomas Mackworth. MACKWORTH: ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. 7 Sir John Curzon of Kedleston, Bart., and John Curzon of the Inner Temple, Esq., son and heir apparent of the said Sir John of the second part: and Francis Curzon, second son of the said Sir John Curzon, Bart., of the third part, Witnesseth, That the said Sir Thomas Hartopp and Dame Mary his wife, Sir Thomas Mackworth, John Knight, and Richard Corney, for the sum of £1,300 to him the said Thomas Mackworth, in hand paid by the said Sir John Curzon, before the ensealing and delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof he doth hereby acknowledge, and in consideration of the sum of Ios. paid to the said Sir Thomas Hartopp and Dame Mary by the ’ said Sir John Curzon, and in consideration of 5s. paid by the said Sir John to John Knight and Richard Corney—Have granted enfeoffed, &c., sold, confirmed unto the said Sir John Curzon ALL THAT CasTLE Manor or Manors of Mackworts or Markeaton in the said County of Derby, commonly called or known by the name of MackwortH Caste, And also all those two several messuages or farm houses now in the tenure of John Turner with all closes and lands therewith used. Also all that messuage or farm house in Mackworth now in the occupation of Jane Draper © widow and all lands used therewith. Also all that cottage in the occupation of John Shepherd with all annexed lands. Also all that cottage or tenement in the occupation of Robert Hoden with all lands appertaining. Also all that cottage in the occupation of . Wagstaff, widow, and Philip Bennett, with lands used therewith. Also all that cottage in the occupation of Peters with the lands appertaining. To have and to hold the said Castle &c. to the use &c. of the said Sir John Curzon. And the said Thomas Mackworth grants, confirms, and warrants to the said Sir John full and undisturbed possession to himself and his heirs for ever. Tuo. Hartopp. Tuomas MackwortH. R. CORNEy. Mary Hartopp. Jo. KNIGHT. Joun Curzon. HENREY Curzon. From a document dated 4 July, 1655, it seems that Francis Curzon, the second son of Sir John, claimed the castle and manor of Mackworth, and 260 acres of land lying in Mackworth 8 MACKWORTH: ITS CASTLE AND ITS OWNERS. and other places, as ‘‘ his own right and inheritance,” as against his elder brother John Curzon, and from a postscript it appears that on the 12 August following the said Francis Curzon had full seizin of the said castle, &c., delivered to him by John Ferrars, high sheriff, placing him in undisputed possession. At that time one George Humston seems to have been tenant of the castle. It is not now known with certainty when or by what means the castle was demolished. All that now remains is a portion of the grand gateway erected a little before the year 1500 (Plate I.).* From a plan and drawing of it in the possession of Lord Scarsdale, it has evidently remained exactly in its present condition for the last hundred years. ‘** According to the tradition of the village the castle was demolished in the civil wars, and some high ground in the neighbourhood still bears the name of ‘Cannon Hills,’ from the tale that the ordnance was there planted by the destroyers.”+ In the field adjoining the west side of the gateway, are two large contiguous quadrangular plots, clearly indicating two court yards, once surrounded by the castle buildings. Fragments of rubble may be discerned in the ridges of the outer boundaries. It does not seem possible to gather any satisfactory account of the destruction of the building. The Curzons purchased it in 1655, when the damage would be accomplished, if it fell, as seems likely, in the Parliamentary struggles. Had Mackworth Castle been a place suitable for the reception of the Queen of Scots, Sir Ralph Sadler would not have overlooked it when ex route with his charge . for Tutbury. He writes to the Lord Treasurer, Feb. 5th, 1584 :— ‘* Now as toching the Q. majesties mislyking that I lodgid this Q. in Derbie towne coming hitherwarde, I assure her majestie and your Lordship that it was full sore against my will if it might have been holpen. . . . . . And as for any gent. house that way or azy other in dyvers miles, there was none but Mr. Knyveton’s house of Mercaston, a small house for such a purpose and very little meanes in that village.” * For the excellent etching of the Gateway on this plate, the Society is indebted to Mr. F. J. Robinson. + Beauties of England and Wales, iii. 410. PLATE 1. VOL. XI. 73g ‘NOSNIS0Y (4 V4 Z POU OD YptOWYPV Vy" » Meomapody. é & re uy) ea] ea ; 1} SSS — eau “eR a l The Stone Bouse Prebend, Little Chester, Derby, By GEorGE BAILEY. J} HERE is frequent mention made in old documents of land having been held by the clergy, at Little Chester, from an early period. In Domesday Book we read, ‘““In eodem burgo erat in dominio regis 1 ecclesia cum vii. clericis qui tenebat ii. caracutes terre libere in Cestre:” (a.p. 1086.) And in 1316 the College of All Saints* held several farms there. Of two of these farms, special mention is made in a deed called Queen Mary’s (1555), in which she confirms a previous grant of these and other church lands, made by Henry VIII. to the Bailiffs and Burgesses of Derby. It is to one of these, to which the name of the “Stone House Prebend” is therein given, that the following remarks apply. There is, at the present time, an old farm house standing on the banks of the Derwent, at Little Chester, of which some considerable portions appear to be remains of this house. They not improbably date as far back as the middle of the reign of Henry VI. This is warranted by the architectural characteristics of these remains. A reference to the drawing will render this evident. There are two massive stone chimneys shown there; and there is another on the river front of the house, of the same date (as will be seen from the drawing on the next page). These chimneys prove that a good stone house once stood there, but that it was * See Chron. All Saints’ Church. Io THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. allowed to go to ruin. This would no doubt be after the dissolution of the College in Edward VI. reign ; the stone of the old building being carried away and used elsewhere, the chimney stacks excepted. Pats r ? ; oo, ~ 41\ ay Ds aD iia aN aN a 4 u/s 3a xF aid THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND. It is not easy to decide when the house assumed its present form, for although the gable on the garden front has in it the date 1594, RIVER FRONT OF THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND. THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. ig! it is plain that the brick house now standing cannot altogether be of that date, though some portions of it may be, and it is quite possible that the mullioned windows may have been taken out and the present ones inserted, this having been done at the other farm near by, and of which something will be said in a future notice. Allowing this, it does not seem likely that the dated stone belongs to the present brickwork, which must be later than Elizabeth’s time. There is little doubt that more than one rebuilding, or partial rebuilding, has taken place ; this can be seen more easily from the interior of the house, various adaptations and altera- tions being at once revealed. The floors are on various levels, and the staircase is in an out-of-way corner scarcely likely to be the original position in the stone house. The room on the ground floor, overlooking the garden, is a large and handsome one, fully panelled in oak, but it has been divided by a lath and plaster partition to allow of a corridor, thus destroying its proportions, the handsome carved and inlaid oak chimney-piece being thrust into a corner, instead of occupying the centre of the room. From this we conclude that the present house does not quite stand on the old foundations, and besides, this is the only fully panelled room now remaining. There is, however, little doubt that during the reign of Queen Elizabeth the house was for the most part rebuilt, and that it has undergone several changes since ; and the handsomely carved date stone now in the gable is, together with the panelled room, part of the Elizabethan house. This stone, besides the date, bears a unique sculpture of the arms of the borough, and as we give a copy of it a reference to it is easily made; from it the reader will see that it is of good design and well executed, the Buck is lodged in a park having a very elegant entrance gate or door, the shield is indicated by a delicate piece of chain work, and he reclines under a holly tree in fruit, and that it is altogether a very good piece of Elizabethan renaissance. It is not a little curious that there are three different designs of the arms of Derby: that now before us ; the beautiful 12 THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. old silver common seal; and one seen in old books of maps, and in old representations of county arms. This latter is represented as argent, a buck on speed, over five mole hills, on each side a branch of laurel, all proper. This is of the time of ARMS OF THE BOROUGH OF DERBY.—STONE HOUSE PREBEND. George III. (1746). The silver seal, however, has more the appearance of a fourteenth or fifteenth century seal, but we have no means of ascertaining its precise date. About the panelling there is nothing uncommon; but the chimney-piece is a very excellently designed and well-proportioned work ; of course it has been a good deal broken, and some portions are gone, still a very good idea can be formed of its original appear- ance. There is much nice work in it, the four arched panels be- tween the pilasters are carved, but the plants in the vases and the two porticoes in the centre are inlaid favsta work, the woods used are black and white, the designs are good, and in their original clean state must have looked very handsome; they are unfortunately so dirty now that it is difficult to see them; the four corner squares in the centre panel are of similar work, as is also the flat piece under the mantel, the latter, however, is carved. Unfortunately, THE STONE HOUSE PREBEND, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. 13 | from the smallness of the scale on which it was necessary to make | this drawing, the beauty of these details could not be sufficiently brought out, to do that properly would have necessitated detailed drawings of a very much increased size, the size of the whole Wo HESS SSS Tummoeke::, ..2-) 1) at Raph Hunt ... 9 Edw: Brocklehurst... 1 1 Rbt. Lees, 6 ch. 7 o| Edw: Nickson ty Lee Rbt. Andrewes oO, Ona} baw: Wyldao. 6 Rbt. Hill 9 James Ford ... iss eae Richard Longden 9 John Shalcrosse, Esq. 6 Tho: Bagshaw, mls. pl. 1 6 o| John Leech ... 6 Tho: Stayley §.... t © o|John Brocklehurst ... 0 6 ° 28 John Cook ... John Marchington ... John Shalcrosse Jasper Pickford Leonard Low Nicolas Hibbert Peter Low Richard Bennett Richard Low ae Richard Armifeild ... Richard Royle Reynold Pott Rbt. Oliver ... Hen: Slater Rbt: Redfearne Tho: Lummas Tho: Eardsteild Uxor Rowe ... Uxor Hybbert Uxor Litlewood Wm. Cook Wm. Pott ae WINDEMILL HOUSE. James Blackwell, vac. I, vit. 1 ate Mathew Hall, mls, .. Rbt. Allen, vac. 1, vit. I Suelo. a 18 6 6 6 | Avo iv O10 The) Q Gye i ey oy CET UFO oY Sif a) '6r: 0 ee hh) 7 AO: OnbO nko 6 6 5 6 7 6 0/6) FO TO 20/10 1 2) o TAs r © 'O 34. EASTER ROLL FOR THE PARISH OF HOPE. Adam Wilson Adam Furnesse, pl. vac. 4, vit. 2, Anthony Hall Edw : Cheetam Edw: Chapman, vac. 2, vit. I Edw: Brussell Edw: Poynton Edw: Furnesse Ellis Harison Francis Barbor George Wood George Whitehead ... Hen: 25 Vita 2 Hen: Hardy Hercules Poynton cum Furnesse, vac. filia, vac. 4, vit. 2, ov. 1d. Hugh Bore, pl. John Hodkinson John Poynton John Drable John Armitrider Jo: Chapman, mls.... Nicolas Cowper ) sonne and daughter J Richard Cheetam Rob: Hallam, vac. > vit. 2 Rob: Hodkinson Rbt. Durham | Rowland Smyth LITTLE HUCKLOW. O° On) OO SOO s. d. ob. one: oa I 9 9 ieee) 5" "oO, “© re SS raw. © 16. Oo 9 (Ov ye) 9 9 i el O 9,0 to TSS 9 9 010 oO 9 1 Aao a... 6 O79) 0 OO. Go Oo EASTER ROLL FOR THE PARISH OF HOPE. s. d. ob. Who; Bray ... I ) Tho: Wood... Gd) 19,0 Tho: Palfreyman Hao Tho: Timpely pro se et filia quao Tho: Brookes a oo Oo Uxor Ragg 6 Uxor Hodkinson 6 Uxor Hugh Hadfeild 6 Uxor Allen ... 6 Wm. Slater ... 9 Wm. Gybson og 0 Wm. Hardy ... Yr are oo .~COPLOW DALE AND BERISTON. Arthur Hill cum filia Edward Furnesse, pl. Ellis Savile ... Ellis Furnesse, pl. vac. ae vit. 3, QV. id. .:. Ellis Poynton John Armitrider John Overton Jo: Savile Gerundine Savile Jo: Pearson Godfrey Fox Laurence Fox Rbt. Cowper, mls. Rob. Hardy ... Rob. Harison Tho. Collier ... Tho. Coppocke ° 2 OS Oso sOl oe i> OF (O Il ° 4 OoOnw OO Oo fF OW oOo OO WN (oy fol wol” To} lo Sforsfo}. «fos (oy Mey ™ fo). Sato) Tho. Mantby Uxor Marke Furnesse Wm. Furnesse, sen: mls. cum filio Wm. Furnesse, jun. .. Wm. Collier and | Ellis Oldfeild com / uxore | Wm, Armitryder | Wm. Charlesworth ... | Edw. Oldfeild Francis Bagshaw, pl. John Slater, vac 3, vit. 2 John Hallom Raph Cooper Tho: Rogers FS WOODLAND. _ Adam Eyre, vac. 1, Ov. 1 | Anthony Heyward, 1 vac. vit. 1, ov. 1d. Edw. Barbor, Capt:.. Edw. Yellot ... Edw. Eyre Geo: Brownell, 5, Vit. 4, ap. 2, Ov. 1d. vac. Me HASLEBADGE. 29 s. d. ob. 0 104.0 © 10 Oo r 8 o 10 Ei re O °o 69 o.9 aed, Sie O tr 6 I Hea Oo 9 9 © 9: 0 GA Sito Li .on4G I. ie 0 E 2/0 Hi o "OC a Rico aig a 30 Geo: matre Geo: Claybon Geo: Barbor Henry Balgay, gent.... John Cumberbadge ... Jo: Morten ... Jo: Hall, sen. John Plattes, 2 vac., Iberson cum vit. 2, ov. 1d. Laurence Tricket Reignold Eyre Rich. Hyde ... Rich. Harison Rich. Chapman Roger Hall ... Rbt. Hall, vac. 2, vit. 2, ape 2d... ee Tho. Eyre de ridge, vac. 4, vit. 4 Tho. Barbor de Mare- bothom Tho. Tricket Tho. Barbor de Ronkesly, vac. 6, vit. 4, ov. 1d. Tho. Eyre de Alport Tho. Hall de Wood, vac. 2, vit. 1, ov. 1d. Mrs. Eyre and Mrs. Wentworth Edw. Iberson Uxor Peter Gront, vac. I, Vit. 1, ap. 2d. ov. 1d. s. d. ob. De 3) x0 a 16% 9° Oo TO 1 ONTO Ge OO 6-0 Io tT Para co 120524 x0 ib ii 2 0 O71r © 9 9 K \3) © B28 Se) im Xo} ees ITO Io It EASTER ROLL FOR THE PARISH OF HOPE. s. d. ob. Uxor Wm. Hall o Il Wm. Greaves G +0 Wm. Baslow... E70 £3 spel. NEITHER ASHOP. Anthony Worrall, vac. 2) Vit.2,; ap. 20veees Abram Ward, vac. 2, vit. 1, ov. 1d. Christopher Scitwell, vac. 2, vit. 1 Edw. Longden Joseph Eyre, gen: ... John Ward, gen : cum matre, vac. 5, vit. 2, ap. 2d., fill. 4d. John Berley ... Jo: Thornhill, vac. 2, Wit, ‘Tap: "1; Ov. 10, ©| Raph Morten, vac. 4, Vit. 8, Ap. 4, OV. 1d« Jo: Eyre, vac. 2, vit. PAPA A Gea. Rec? at y® Chancell gate from yong people 15. Ay Rec? from Fayrefeild re 2 Imo I Ore $ iO EArt I 4 CyLo reed rq 19 0 LZ Ss. 1217% 240 era arn ear = On Ratus Cabe, Longelifie, Dervdyshivre. By Joun WARD. N that high ridge of ground in Derbyshire between Wirks- worth and Matlock, above the village of Brassington, known as Longcliffe, a small bone cave has been: recently discovered that is of great and varied interest, and promises to yield important contributions to our knowledge of the habits and nature of our cave-dwelling ancestors. The cave itself, though it is gained by a very small opening in the limestone blocks that crown the lofty ridge, has been known, it is said, for some time to a few of the dwellers in the neighbourhood, and may have been occasionally detected by a rambler in search of the picturesque ; but it was not until March, 1888, that its varied deposit of bones was detected, and previous visits must have been very casual and few, for the undetected evidence of its use by both man and beast lay so near the surface, and, to some extent, altogether unconcealed. To two of the sons of Mr. Rains, a yeoman of Brassington Moor, whose farm runs up close to the ridge, is to be assigned the credit of the discovery. Being young men of considerable intelligence, and already interested in kindred subjects, when their attention was at- tracted to some of the bones near the surface of the interior of the cave, they began, and by degrees carried out, an extensive exploration of its contents to some depth.. The “ finds” were gradually removed to Mr. Rains’ out-buildings, where they attracted the attention of Lord Scarsdale, the owner of the farm. Lord Scarsdale, as a vice- president of the Derbyshire Archeological and Natural History Society, and taking an active interest in its proceedings, communicated the fact of this bone-find to Mr. Arthur Cox, the Hon. Secretary. Correspondence was entered into with the great bone-cave authority, 32 ON RAINS CAVE, LONGCLIFFE, DERBYSHIRE. Professor Boyd Dawkins, with the result that, early in last August, Mr. Arthur Cox, Rey. Dr. Cox, and Mr. Albert Hartshorne met the Pro- fessor and made a preliminary investigation of the bone heap and cave. Mr. Boyd Dawkins at once pronounced the remains to be of the Prehistoric age. He soon identified the bones of a considerable variety of mammalia. The principal ones were as follows :—the great urus ; the small Celtic short-horned ox (Bos longifrons) ; the horse; the horned sheep; the goat; the long-legged sheep, now only found in the Hebrides; the red deer ; the roe deer ; the hog ; the dog; and the rabbit. The skulls of a badger and of a wild cat were also identified, and probably pertained to animals that had found admission to the cave long after man had ceased to inhabit it. A variety of human bones and other proofs of the occupation of man, such as charcoal, broken pottery, a spindle whorl, gnawed bones, etc., were at the same time cursorily investigated.* The cave, that is, so far as it has been penetrated, is small and irregular, consisting of two chambers which may be conveniently called the Great and the Little caves. The former is an irregular oblong, 16 ft. by 23 ft. in plan, at its present floor level. The roof is so low that there are but few places where a person can stand upright. The floor is cumbered with large blocks of stone, some of which have fallen from the roof, others rolled in through the entrance. Between these blocks is a red marly soil, having all the characteristics of the usual cave-earths of limestone caves. It is impossible to say exactly how deep this accumulation is, but probably it exceeds five feet. The entrance, which is at the south-west end, is as wide and apparently as deep as the chamber itself; but the actual portal (marked Dp on the accompanying sketch-plan) is very small—only sufficiently large, in fact, to admit one person at a time, and even then with some difficulty. This contraction is due to the presence of several large pieces of rock (E, E, E), which have been placed where they are by art, or have fallen from the rocks above. At the north corner is a narrow outlet (c), which may be the result of a slip ; after several feet it becomes too narrow to be followed up. At the opposite * The Editor is responsible for the article thus far; the remainder is the result of Mr. Ward’s subsequent and painstaking investigations. ON RAINS CAVE, LONGCLIFFE, DERBYSHIRE. passag -W i U/ jj 5, —_ Zo 7, a ° Z O 5 io Pe ]/ 7 V5 »,2 VA ¢ Y Play , yy ]/ ///D> Esq., at his house in the Austin Friars, London, near Broad Street. Baronet Kniveton desires his suit to be made in Mr. Coke’s month of waiting. The Court is at Derby*—to remove to Tut- bury—the Duke went from Belvoir to the new well in Welling- borough and is come again to the King at Derby. 1627, April 27, Derby. Sir Francis Coke (brother) to Sir John Coke, Knight, Principal Secretary to His Majesty. I have longed to relate to you Sir Henry Shirley his carriage of himself after his coming down from London before Easter sessions last, and how exceedingly graced by my Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas our Judge of Assize. He bestirs himself in his place of justice both in Derbyshire and Leicestershire. We have received your letters concerning runaway soldiers and mariners, and are this day met at Derby to take order for that business. We have also received letters for musters. We conceive these things are most needful for these times. 1630, September. Sir Francis Coke [no address]. Right Honourable, I am sorry that my occasions draw me towards Chesterfield tomorrow for the musters, there being none to join Sir Peter Frecheville but myself, and we must needs be two; but God willing I will be at home again upon Saturday at the furthest, and the next day wait on you at Melbourne. I suppose that at this time (your occasions drawing you away so soon) that there can be but a preparation for the matter that must in further time be effected, and I do assure myself that my cousin Gresley, my Lady Burdett’s mother, will always do her best endeavours to forward it. I pray you be wary in your articles betwixt Sir William Knvyeton and you, for he holdeth but by an extent of lands of Damfort, and there are so many questions in such a holding that there may be great danger without good look- ing to, and the grandfather of this youth is a very perverse man. *King James, with Prince Charles, tarried two nights at Derby on the occasion of this ‘‘ progress,” THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. 61 1630, October 14, Trusley. Sir Francis Coke to Sir John Coke, Knight, Principal Secretary to His Majesty, at his house in Garlick Hyth, London. My Lord of Newcastle proceeding in Nottinghamshire as he did in Derbyshire, amongst others there my son William* was questioned, when he answered for himself, that he had but a small estate, and that at the time of the Coronation he was not in the Commission of the peace, and a great part of his now estate accrued unto him within these two years by the marriage of his wife. His Lordship and the rest of the Commissioners have set him down 2 51. His Lord- ship will write to the Council not only this his answer, but will make known to them my pains in this service. I am also to move you at my good neighbour’s and friends request, which is Mr. Richard Revell, of Brookhill, that you would use your endeavour to keep him from being Sheriff.t There is two of the Morewoods, especially the elder, both fit men, for that place, and divers others. 1630, October, Derby. Sir Francis Coke to Sir John Coke, Knight, Principal Secretary unto His Majesty. Both my Lord of Newcastle and the rest of us that were Com: missioners in Derbyshire touching the fines of those that did not appear at the Coronation for Knighthood have taken great care of His Majesty’s service therein, and have had an answerable success, we having agreed for a good sum in our small county. Mr. Christopher Fulwood, eldest son of Sir George, showed that his father was alive in the last year of King James, and that he had * William Coke, eldest son and heir of Sir Francis Coke, of Trusley, was born 29th March, 1594; he was consequently 30 at the time of the coronation of Charles I. He married, when only 22, Maud, daughter and heiress of Henry Beresford, of Alsop-in-the-Dale, from whom accrued certain small properties at Alsop and Fenny Bentley. His first wife died in 1628, and he soon after married again to Dorothy, daughter of Francis Saunders, of Shankton, co, Northampton, with whom, we suppose, came the ‘now estate ” mentioned above. Eventually the £25 composition for Knighthood was reduced in William Coke’s case to £5. See Coke of Trusle » A Family History (privately printed), p22, t Richard Revell escaped being Sheriff ; Humphrey Okeover was appointed in the following year. 62 THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. no estate at all at that time, but we persuaded him, for example to the rest, to publicly say that he would pay 25], and his precedent did much good to those that followed him, but it was agreed upon by us that Mr. Fulwood should not lose the benefit of that which he then offered for his own discharge, if Mr. Attoney General should hold him a man not fit to be charged. 1631, January 27. Ticknall. Gilbert Ward to Sir J. Coke. Directions for levelling the court (at Melbourne) by next the gate 2 feet, and so downwards, have been prosecuted accordingly : the perfecting of the bowl alley gone on with the removing of the earth in the court. The stone got in the levelling of the court is almost answerable to the whole charge. The great works are all done for substance. In Derbyshire the Justices are not so for- ward in certifying and inhibiting inclosures as in some other counties. 1632, June 3. Trusley. Sir Francis Coke to Sir John Coke. I have had conference with my nephew your son and also with my cousin Cundy concerning the inclosing of Melbourne according to your letters: and I perceive that my Lord of Huntingdon is fully resolved to go on (whether you agree or not) to inclose his own demesnes and hath the consent of the freeholders: they think it will be beneficial for the town ; but how it will be good for the poor, when the commons are taken away, I yet see not. My cousin Cundy thinketh that it will be rather profitable to you than otherwise, and I am also of that opinion, if you make your agreement warily ; . . now you may make yourself a better match than hereafter, for inclosed it will be without doubt in time; my Lord’s heart is so set upon it. And if you mind to agree thereto, you must survey yours to know what part you have of the manor, that you may have answerable allowance of commons and wastes and for your field ground that you may have so many acres of like value joining your park, as is offered as I conceive. Get a surveyor that you may trust, which is hard to do in this country, my Lord being so great an Earl. THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. 63 1625. April 14. (Endorsed by Sir John Coke “ John’s* charges at Cambridge from Christmas 1624 till Lady day 1625.”) From Christmas to our Lady day. S. Imp* for cloth to make a pair of cuffs Or It for Aristotles Ethic . Greece . and Salust . pe »» points » a knife »» mending his clothes »» 2 pairs of gloves »» a looking glass », Cooper’s dictionary one re » Appollinar, his Psalms in Greek Verse » binding his maps and paper inserted afi linge stare ee. » Coals and turfs a0 ee » footing a pair of stockings and peicing »» @ paper book ... so oy aoe » 2 stools for his chamber »» a key for his chamber door »» 4 Curtain for his study window » hiring a horse to take the air », candles this quarter re » Shoes and a pair of goloshes ... » fasting night suppers » washing his linen »» making his bed », Chamber rent ... »» commons and seizing... » tuition ; ORO 0 FO 70 Yolo-tes0 9 th On CON lS Ore CON OCI se man. ica mer, Gls ee OO. 20 0.0 VO.FON6 OL o> OS oO. Gao OR ST er EN Or mi ie _ Add to this remaining of the last bill By ee Gre ta ts OF ake i Se Le) q * John Coke, eldest son of Sir John’ Coke, was born. in 1607. He was knighted in his father’s lifetime, and died, without issue, in 1650. 64 THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. 1625. To Sir John Coke Knight one of the King’s most honourable Privy Council and Secretary of the State to his Majesty. The 26 of Decemb. 1625 for a fugar satin suit and hanging sleeves to it. Imprimis canvas for straight linings Item, fine white baize to stiffen the bodice Item, bellypeices, stiffenings of buckram and powldaine. Item, 2 yards 4 russet fustian to go under the skirt, and wearing sleeves. Item, 5 dozen of buttons for breast and collar and sleeves. Item, 1 gross 8 dozen of large buttons for hanging sleeves and hose. Item, 1 ounce } loop lace for hanging sleeves and collar. Item, 4 yards + of homes (pun ?) fustian to line the hose for pockets. Item, fine dutch baize to go on the outside of the hose. Item, fine buckram to border the hanging sleeves. Item, Ribbon for the waist. Item, 3 yards 4 of 8d Ribbon for the knees. Item, 1 yard 3 of scarlet baize to line the doublet. Item, silk to make up the suit. Item, pinking and prinking on it. Item, making the suit. 03 «08 Item 2 dozen of points 4° long. Item 1 embroidered girdle Item 1 yard 3 of baize to keep the suit in. ©O . Moz. Sum total is four pounds four shillings seven pence 04 - 04 ol 06 oF THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. 65 Money received for the discharge of this bill. d. Rec. of your man January 24th 1624 ee sia! BOiy. » Mr. George Coke,* March 8th, 1624 Ow » for 2 gowns, a table, (?)andasurplice ... 2.12. 22.12. 0 Out of which £13 .13.10 being subtracted there remains in my hands for present quarter £8 . 18 . 2. Anno Domini 1625 November and December. Monies disbursed for Sir John. — ee il a i ei = n Sa enGe Paid for a beaver hat and band... eae ae (ee ewer Aa »» a pair of russet silk stockings... Lo De Be Te, »» a pair of white worsted stockings a O40. 16 ae pair of stockings for your daughters 9:2 Of .°'o 5» a pair of carded boot hose OueshE fo) ,, a black embroidered girdle G). 0487, 6 » 4 pairs of socks Os, 82". 58 S a cap of velvet 2 Oa, © Be £3.) 68 Also disbursed since : Paid for a dozen of silk points »» 4 pair of Spanish leather hose » 2 Snaffles (of 9 fe) & N Oo nN J: O0).y Eo » 2 quire of paper Ee bid » dressing and trimming of Sir John’s beaver » abat band » a dozen of buttons . » ayard and a half of ete (o} ote ea Ob MO) (of Tou {0} ° ie) ° nN NODA w - OO . Ove alae * George Coke, fifth son of Richard Coke, of Trusley, was born in 1570. He was educated at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, entered the priesthood, and became rector of Bygrave, in Hertfordshire. Through the influence of his _ brother, the Secretary, he was consecrated Bishop of Bristol in 1632, and was translated to Hereford in 1636. He died in 1646. He was one of the cele- _ brated Twelve Bishops committed to the Tower in 1641. 5 66 THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. Paid for a pair of white stockings for Sir John » 5) half a dozen pair of bandstrings ... 5» 9, 8 pieces of diaper for napkins »» », a dozen of long white buttons te > 3) @ pound of pin dust, with a dish and spoon and 2 sureinges a ate ,, to Mr. Fullwood by your Potts appoint- ment ,, for 8 yards of black enibroiadiell fate ca AM Ae 5» 9, @ pair of russet boots for Mr. John Coke Onn 5 5) @ palr of Spanish leather hose for Mr. SEGLetany sae. nes ee sane Ome 13 ioe The 3rd of February, 1622. Paid for 3 dozen and 4 of black embroidered hose at 2s. 2d. per yard, Paid for 4 dozen of narrow embroidered hose, 11d. per yard, 1 gross of black Paris buttons, 15 dozen of black satin buttons at od. 2 dozens of black embroidered lace, broad, 1 black long button, Ts 8 yards of black Fugard satin at 15s. 3 yards of black satin at r1s. aa ie Ses. ae ES is g yards + of French plush at 28s. ... aes Sie eae 28 7 Paid for 2 ells and + of cambric Paid for 12 yards of lace 30 ooo = 6 oe «OSH DOnROAD & ° THE COKE PAPERS AT MELBOURNE HALL. 67 eee d Paid unto the tailor for making your silk grogrin gown and for silk and lace for the same gown ava a3 Me a Sig SE PANS Paid for an ell of crimson sarcenet oes Seer Oyen Paid unto the tailor for making three baize coats (for Elizabeth, Anne, and Dorothy)* as the particulars in the bill will appear Sea Gea nee a cs 37 « TA 2 Rec. from Mr. Secretary 39l. 13s. eg as 30). O0N eo Indorsement by Sir J. Coke :— ‘Delivered to my wife in money to buy my wrought satin suit and other particulars of this bill, 39l. 13s. Paid for 2 yards and a half of loom work to make Bess and Anna cuffs and falls, Paid for 8 yards of calico, Paid for a yard and a half of baize to make the child a petticoat, Paid for 2 bands for the child, Paid for 3 blue aprons, Paid for 2 yards of cobweb lace for Bess, _ Paid for 2 ounces of gold lace to edge the child’s scarf, This bill included in the former. Rg dnb Gs * According to the pedigrees, Sir John Coke had three daughters : Elizabeth, ary, and Anne ; but it would look from this entry as if there was a fourth of he name of Dorothy. : 68 att mad Brasbourne Church.* By ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. “4 Y the kindness of the Council of the Derbyshire 3) Archeological Society, I am allowed to offer a few remarks upon Bradbourne Church, and in doing this I will be as brief as I can; and in order also to be clear, I have made a plan which sets forth the different periods of the church’s history, as shown by the architectural character of the various parts of the building. ‘The intelligent study of ecclesiastical architecture was first taught us by the late Professor Willis; he it was who first opened the book of architectural history. He applied historical documents to the actual buildings, and one by one he unfolded the story of many of our cathedrals in a most lucid and admirable manner. What Willis did for cathedrals some others did for castles, and what they did for castles we are sometimes able to do for churches. In the case of cathedrals we have the Fabric Rolls of the ancient foundations; for castles in the hands of the Crown we have the sheriffs’ returns year by year on the Great Roll of the Pipe, the Close Rolls, the Liberate Rolls, and other corroborative and collateral evidence, known as the Public Records, all now happily available for use ; they were not so much so some years ago, and antiquaries (who are not infallible) made great blunders in consequence. * Read at Bradbourne, July 21st, 1888. a . ; q : 4 | ‘ BRADBOURNE CHURCH. 69 As regards churches we are not so fortunate as with cathedrals and castles, and we have usually to rely upon the evidence of architecture alone. Still we occasionally do have documents which we can apply to parish churches, and it fortunately happens that at least the early history of Bradbourne Church can be elucidated by means of documentary evidence. I will be as cautious as I can in my use of these documents, in reading the writing upon the wall, because, where the written record is so slight, there is always the danger of being tempted to gels more out of the documents than they really give us. In deducing the history of an old church, there are two ways of looking at it; and it must be borne in mind that very few churches in England are of one period, but have grown from small beginnings, like most other human institutions and things. Mr. Freeman, whose opinion we all receive with the utmost respect, insists that we should look at the outside of a church before going in; other authorities persist in going inside the church first. In the one case it may generally be said that we see what the church has grown to, and in the other what it has “grown from. Strictly speaking, no rule can be laid down; and, certainly, the growth of Bradbourne Church is best seen from the outside, therefore I have asked you to stand here. Now, as to documentary evidence. When the Great Record was drawn up, in 1087, the Commissioners returned that here was a priest and a church —‘“‘ibi presbyter et ecclesia.” This is the usual entry. It was no special duty of these agents to make a church survey. The primary object of Domesday was to form a basis for taxation, and, secondly, to ascertain the area of the country ; but the church and the mill are constantly, not neces- sarily, mentioned, as important objects in every community, and probably as giving a general idea of the social condition of the people. The question now arises, Does any part of that Saxon church, which the agents of the Norman conqueror saw, still exist? I ‘hope nobody will be startled, but I think a part does exist. I say this with some diffidence before the Derbyshire Archzologica JO BRADBOURNE CHURCH. Society, because no one has ever ventured to proclaim the fact before. I have marked on the plan the portion to which I give a pre-Norman date. Now, as to the material evidence. We will examine it close, too, presently. And first, as to what there is not in the way of distinct and usually recognised Saxon details. There is no ‘(long and short ’”’ work, there is no window splayed equally inside and out, no turned stone balusters, no mid-wall shafts, no triangularly-headed openings, no strip-work, and no arches with continuous imposts. I will give the anti-Saxon as much as Ican. Weare, therefore, driven back upon the character of the masonry, and I may at once observe that the absence of the whole of the above-mentioned details does not immediately put Saxon out of the question—far from it. The variety or richness of ornamentation in architecture is always influenced or ruled by the nature of the local material, and in poor communities the builders must make use of the materials nearest to their hand. It is the natural result of circumstances. In the case of Brad- bourne Church, what I call the earliest work—that at the west end and north side of the tower—is formed of just such stone as was to be found on the surface ; it is not even hammer-dressed, but roughly shaped for bedding and laid in courses with wide joints, after the usual pre-Domesday manner, and specially marked and deeply pitted with the impress of age, and distinctly differing from the Norman work which has been imposed upon it. There are no buttresses to the tower, or, indeed, to any part of the church, so I make no point of this; but it may be borne in mind that the absence of buttresses is a distinct pre-Norman condition, and the absence of ‘‘long and short work” and other well-known Saxon features may be properly accounted for by the nature of the material convenient for use. On the north side of the tower, 7ft. gin. from the ground, in the early walling, there is a rude opening, with sloping sides (A, A. on Plan), and 6ft. 6in. above it, in the Norman walling, a proper Norman window, now built up. The rude opening passes into the wall to the depth of 4ft., and is filled up on the inside. It is not Norman; its use as an opening BRADBOURNE CHURCH. 71 for light was blotted out by the Norman when he raised the tower ; and if it is not Norman, what is it? and why is it there at all? We shall see later on. The subject of Saxon masonry has of late years attracted considerable attention among antiquaries, and they have some- what tardily recognised that there are many more churches that contain remains of this early character than have been usually supposed to exist, but they are very difficult to be certain about. The eye of a lynx, a good memory for other examples, and an experience in such matters far larger than I can lay claim to, are necessary to enable one to speak positively upon this point. So much at present for the Saxon. Shortly after the time of the Domesday survey, the manor of Bradbourne was held under the Ferrers by the family of Cauceis, and before the middle of the twelfth century the church appears to have been entirely rebuilt. Whether the new late Norman church followed the ancient lines throughout there is now no evidence to show. I think, as in many other cases, the Norman builders only made use of so much of the earlier tower as suited their purpose. Saxon towers were large in regard to the rest of the church, and were convenient for adaptation; and, taking two well-known towers for comparison, we find that Barnack tower is three feet, and Clapham tower, near Bedford, one foot six inches larger each way than Bradbourne. Moreover, the proportions of a Norman church are usually four squares— one for the tower, two for the nave, and one for the chancel. Such are the proportions of the church of Stewkley, which also belongs to the middle of the twelfth century, and as we fortunately know the extent of the Norman nave of Bradbourne, I have indicated the external dimensions of the chancel also, conjec- turally, of course. (See double-dotted lines.) The Saxon church was probably much smaller, with rudimentary transepts, The amount of use which the Normans made of the earlier walls of the tower is clear on the outside. They also utilized as much of the beginning of the Saxon nave north wall as served their purpose for the insertion of a newell stair. Inside 72 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. the church we find a block of masonry (a on Plan) which was brought into service for the same purpose. Now, the centre line of the opening before alluded to (A. A. on Plah) comes exactly half way between the west face of the tower and the east face of this block of masonry. This can hardly be an accident, and it therefore appears to show three things :—(1) that the rude epening is original work; (2) that the block a is also part of the early foundations; and (3) that the Saxon tower was wider from east to west than the existing Norman one. Into this angle, then, the Norman thrust his stair, and the evidence in the lower part of its being an insertion, you will have an opportunity of seeing. You will also observe that it is a Norman, and not a later stair, from the method of its construction in concrete, upon a wooden frame which has left the impression of the boarding or “lagging” in the mortar on the under side. You will further see that each step radiates or works off from the centre of the newell like the lines in a spider’s web, and is jointed near the newell, and has no continuous bearing across the gangway, the steps being supported upon the concrete arch. This actual stair is entered by a narrow Romanesque doorway in the tower, and begins to rise under two circular arches, and, mounting up _ to the level of the bell chamber, is continued in later work. Concerning the tower generally, it speaks for itself, and is a striking thing in a country not remarkable for great Norman buildings. The masonry is not of the best quality, with fine jointing, such as may usually be found in buildings of the eleventh century; this is to be accounted for by the nature of the local material. In every part of England we meet with elaborate late Norman doorways. They are wonderfully varied, and seem to have always been respected by subsequent builders; they are often the only Norman remains in very many churches, and are therefore very seldom in their original positions. At Bradbourne the Normans made the entrance to their tower on the west side, the usual place. That doorway you will see, now used as a window. Whether any part of it is earlier than the Norman, or indeed BRADBOURNE CHURCH, 73 what date the head and jambs of the window really are, I leave an open question. And you will also see that the great south doorway of the tower is an insertion. It has obviously been removed, and was no doubt originally the principal entrance to the Norman nave (B. on Plan). The masonry in its immediate vicinity has a tendency upwards in its courses, that no Norman waller, regularly working, would have made; and the change, which is a very interesting chapter in the history of the church, would be more apparent were it not for the rampant vampire ivy which in some extraordinary way has secured the affections of the - _ people. There is nothing to tell us what the Norman windows of the nave were like, but we fortunately know exactly the width and length of the nave from the straight joint at each end of the south aisle, and the Norman masonry which turns the corners (C. on Plan.) These happy accidents happen sometimes. It is not easy to understand why the Norman builders, in reconstructing the tower and nave, mainly, as I take it, from old foundations, made so feeble a junction of the tower with the nave at the south-east corner. It may be that, not wanting the beginning of the Saxon nave wall here (see dotted lines D. D.) for a stair or other purpose, they carried the new tower wall through, and, in fact, they blundered then as men often do now, and perhaps they _ thought no one would find out what a measured plan has revealed to us. No doubt we are indebted to the Cauceis family for all this Norman work, and with further regard to it we may also have no coubt that the tower was carried up to the characteristic Norman corbel table by them, and no further. A genuine Norman battlement on a church is, I believe, unknown, but they did finish their keeps of this period in this manner, but very plainly, as Rochester shows, and the like rude character of work survives in Irish towers of this and a later time. The Bradbourne Norman probably finished his tower with a low pyramidal roof, after the fashion of his own country, and covered the nave with a pitched roof, masked inside, if he could afford it, by a flat boarded ceiling like that at Peterborough. I have spoken of the 74 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. rudeness or coarseness of the Norman masonry here. It is what a superficial enquirer might easily mistake either for antiquity or the signs of rebuilding, but persons more versed in such matters are aware that rudeness alone is no reliable sign of antiquity. We now come to the second documentary evidence which we may apply to Bradbourne church, the Chronicle of Dunstable, begun by Richard de Morins, in 1202, carried on year by year till 1297, and containing further contemporary entries up to 1495. It is impossible to estimate the historical value of this record too highly. Besides throwing great light upon the everyday life of the time, and the internal and external affairs of the Priory, it gives information upon the general history of the country in such a manner that many important historical facts are known solely from this document. In the time of John the manor of Bradbourne was conveyed to Godard de Bradbourne by Geoffrey de Cauceis, who also, most fortunately for us, gave the church of Bradbourne to the Black Canons of Dunstable, in 1205: There are many entries in the Chronicle concerning Bradbourne and its neighbouring parishes between 1205 and 1290, and from some of them we are enabled not only to date a large part of the work which belongs to the golden age of Gothic, but also to understand some of the changes which, without them, must always have remained a mystery. -It appears that the gift of the church to the priory was not confirmed before 1222. ‘The canons took their first crop from “ Balidena” and ‘“ Ticentuna” in 1223, and after some slight litigation in 1238, the prior was put into possession of the church of Bradbourne with its belongings, and three canons were here established, of whom one was to be responsible to the bishop, Hugh of Coventry, for the spiritualities, the prior accounting for the temporalities. The advent of the canons to Bradbourne seems to have had much the same effect as we have, unhappily, been accustomed to see in our own day when a new vicar is appointed to an old church—the church must be restored; and this appears to have been done at once, and in the following manner :— = ¥- BRADBOURNE CHURCH. 75 The Norman nave and chancel were taken down and an early English one newly built or recast with the old materials. This must have been very soon after 1238, the character of the two Early English windows remaining tell us this, and unfortunately for the credit of the Dunstable canons, we can also recognize some of their work, not by its goodness, but by its badness. Unlike the Cistercians and the Benedictines, the Dunstable Augustines seem to have been but sorry constructors. Their own Chronicle is full of their building troubles. Walls and towers were constantly tumbling down, and the accounts of restorations carried on at Dunstable and elsewhere are quite alarming. They probably enjoyed it then as too many people do now. Here they made use of the Norman walls as far as they suited their purpose, just as I have endeavoured to show that the Normans did of the Saxon walls, and they swept away the old chancel and put up a wider one. This we know from one little feature ; namely, another straight joint, at the point E on the plan. Straight joints are as godsends in architectural history. There yet remain two of the Early English windows, one in the chancel and one in the nave, and the priest’s door. I can say nothing about the Early English work in the south side of the nave, because it has been supplanted, but the north wall carries the south, so to speak. On the east face of the tower is the mark or chase of the high-pitched Early English roof which impinged upon it, and had its apex cut into and level with the sill of the belfry window. I think the font belongs to this period, but it is difficult to say positively, owing to circumstances which I will touch upon later. For the architectural story of the church we have no more docu- mentary guides, but there is an interesting little entry in the Chronicle, under the year 1282, informing us that Ralph de Hare- wood, canon, died at Bradbourne on the fourth of the calends of September. I do not undertake to find a tenant for every stone coffin that is dug up, but they cannot have been frequent here, and ‘it does happen that a stone coffin was found some years ago in the churchyard which is certainly of the time of Harewood’s death. 76 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. It is now used for a water-trough ; a font has been put to a worse purpose at Bradbourne, as I will show you later on. To carry forward the history of the church, the stones have now to speak for themselves, and we accordingly gather from their details that nothing more was done to the fabric until the middle of the fourteenth century (1350). A considerable work was now taken in hand. The south wall of the nave was pulled down, an arcade set up in its place, and the south aisle built. At the same time a window was inserted in the north wall, exactly facing the centre of the middle arch of the arcade, no doubt taking the place of an Early English single light window, and of precisely the same design as the two Decorated windows in the south aisle. The Norman doorway, as we have seen before, was removed to the tower, and one of the Decorated period now forms the present entrance to the church. The pitch of the nave roof was lowered, as we find by the second chase on the west face of the tower, unless, indeed, this chase may be taken to indicate the pitch of the Norman roof. As regards the style of the Decorated work, the arcade is plain and solid, and by no means devoid of dignity. The windows are large in detail, and have the peculiar, feature of their hood mouldings being worked close up to, and forming part of, the string course. The hoods of both windows are terminated by heads of men and women, and these alone would fix the date. Those of the easternmost window represent Edward III. and Philippa. The king is shown with a beard which we know with absolute certainty, from his Great Seals, he first began to wear between 1338 and 1340. It shows the interest of the study of all the branches of medizeval art when we can date'a window in the Peak, at least in one direction, by the beard of a king. It must be remembered that the division of Gothic into styles is entirely arbitrary, and for the convenience of students. Unlike Classic, which has its rules, fixed and immovable, the history of Gothic architecture is one of continual progress and change, and there must therefore be a Transition, more or less emphasized either way, between each style. For instance, we say roughly BRADBOURNE CHURCH. 17 that these windows and arcade are Decorated, because they have more of the Decorated character about them than of the style that succeeded it. It would be more strictly proper to describe them as of the period of the Transition between Decorated and Perpendicular, which succeeded it. We now come to some features in the building which at first sight are rather puzzling. First, the very uncommon window in the south-west corner of the chancel. It was evidently put in as a special memorial, but it is difficult to date it from its stone details ; the forms are as coarse as they can be, but the mouldings could scarcely be finer, and it might be of any date between 1350 and 1450, in an out-of-the-way part like the Peak. The restorers have left us, fortunately, some original glass in the head, and this again is anomalous, the shield being of such a form that it might be as old as 1320, but the details of the diaper, and specially a rose of two sets of five leaves, with a small seeded centre, shows tnat the window must be a lingering example of an earlier style, a late instance of flowing Decorated, perhaps 1360. The arms in the window are Arg. a chevron between three horse shoes Sa. for Edensor, who, I believe, married a late fourteenth century Bradbourne ; it Jooks at first sight like a Ferrers coat, but that family bore no chevron. To about the same time we must assign the chancel arch, and the east window, which is a good example of reticulated tracery for any one who admires such rather common-place work, which ran a long course. We are now on the confines of Perpendicular, and to this period belongs the next window in the chancel; it may be 1380, but, as I intimated before, in a part of the world where a knowledge of the progress of architecture must have been fitful and uncertain, we cannot apply fixed rules for dating different parts of a church; the character of the masonry, and details like straight joints, and not forms of windows, but mouldings, are really the only reliable guides. The mouldings of the parapet of the tower indisputably prove that it cannot possibly be Norman, though it may appear from below old enough to be so ancient. As a matter of fact it must 78 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. have been set up about 1450, at which time, with scant chivalry, they took out of the church the effigy of a lady of the time of Edward II., and turning it upside down, scooped out the back and degraded it to a water spout. Then also was carried up the stair turret to the roof. The next thing that happened was also a considerable work. The roof of 1350 was taken down, the internal string course cut off, the clerestory set up, a north doorway put in, and some rebuilding done at that point from the ground upwards. The chancel walls were raised from the line of the top of the windows, the nave and chancel re-roofed with tie-beams, and parapets added to those portions of the church. At the same time a porch was planted against the south wall to bolster up this side. All these works are clearly evident from their style and the nature of their building, and the church remains at the present day, as far as the outside is concerned, in precisely the same condition as it was left when the medizeval builders departed about the year 1490. As far as we antiquaries are concerned we have now done with the church. It is no strict part of our business to blame or commend what has been done since. You may depend upon it that the church’s history did not stop in 1490 ; indeed, we know that later men, and particularly the Buckstons, left their mark upon the church inside I hear of carved seats and a handsome oak gallery, an incised alabaster slab of a man and his wife in the chancel, and church plate Hall-marked with Britannia, and in excellent condition. We only know that these things have gone as much beyond recall as last week. Wecan only regret that a better spirit did not prevail when this ancient church was swept and garnished at the bidding of a committee of local wiseacres ; for, remember, we might have had the building in seemly order, and with a “proper sense of the fellowship of humanity,” have retained those items, good in themselves, which came naturally to the church, and have a far more human interest than rubble-pointed walls stripped of their original plaster, distracting tile pavements, or tawdry altar decorations. I hope I am not a crochety fanatic, but I am afraid if I ventured to say ae Serer oF BRADBOURNE CHURCH. 79 all I thought about church restoration in Derbyshire, and before a Derbyshire audience, I might be glad to take refuge in the church tower! But it is some kind of satisfaction to know that the wholesale ‘‘ restoration” which took place here, and obliterated as much as was possible of the church’s later history, would be almost impossible at the present day. The world has learnt much during the last forty years, and at a great cost, and we do not now all of us think it wise to wipe out parts and fittings of churches, if they are seemly, simply because they do not come within the charmed ‘‘Gothic”’ circle. We recognize that a Jacobean pulpit, and even a Queen Anne gallery, is just as much a part of the history of the church, and consequently of the place, as Marston Moor, or the coming of the Highlanders to Ashbourne in 45, are of the country. I have, I fear, been very long, but we have dealt with a long period, and perhaps I have propounded certain things which you will not accept. I remember, some years ago, after my father had shown with unerring certainty, from public records, that Edward II. was not born in Caernarvon Castle, but that he built a great deal of it, and roofed it ten years after he came to the throne, it was the custom of the custodian to continue to point out to the visitors the miserable passage room as the place of Edward II.’s birth, and to add: ‘fA man called Hartshorne says Edward II. built this tower; but, Lord bless ye, e knows nothing about it !” I have, in the same way, endeavoured to read the history of Bradbourne church from the records and the stones themselves, but I am far from prophesying that no one will come here in future and say the same of me. After the paper had been read, the members inspected the Saxon work of the tower, the ancient cross shaft, and the Norman doorway. Inside, Mr. Hartshorne called attention to the dis- tressing harshness and nakedness, and the mischief that had been done to the church by the senseless process of stripping the walls of the plaster and pointing the rubble masonry. He deplored the manner in which the whole of the interior except the tower had 80 BRADBOURNE CHURCH. been stricken by the curse of restoration, its history so needlessly wiped out, and the mouldings of the arcade, and the font, re-tooled to such an extent that the original forms could barely be dis- tinguished. In the chancel the white alabaster steps were spoken of as having been obtained by cutting up the incised slab to which allusion had been made. If this sort of work, added the speaker, was “restoration,” it would be interesting to know what meaning was attached to destruction when the church was “restored.” Mr. Hartshorne subsequently showed the members a late Norman font, which, until three years ago, had been in constant use in Bradbourne, as a pig-trough. It was probably the font which the canons abolished when they first came: to Bradbourne. 8r Relics of the Roman Occupation, Atttle Chester, Derby, By JoHN Warp. EVERAL times within the last few years, broken pottery, coins, fragments of querns, &c., belonging to the above era have been found at Little Chester, the Roman Derventio, and have been duly recorded in the Derbyshire Natural History and Archeological Society's Journal ; but it will be observed in the sequel that much has been found that has not been recorded at all. Every year, with little doubt, many objects as above described are turned up in the gardens, or when digging to lay foundations, and most of these receive no notice whatever: an occasional coin finds its way into the box of odds and ends upon the cottage shelf, a worked stone ornaments a rockery, and the larger potsherds are broken up or thrown amongst the rubbish. Such might have been the fate of a considerable quantity of broken pottery that some labourers turned up last August when _ digging at the Manor House farm (Mr. Dickens’), had not Mr. Keys, whose antiquarian interest in the locality is well known, heard, and with characteristic promptitude repaired to the spot, and recovered the “ find.’’ Subsequently he and the writer made a visit which led to the discovery that Mr. Dickens’ neighbour, _ Mr. Mottram, had in his possession sundry coins, fragments _ of querns, various worked stones (one in particular most interest- ing), and a little broken pottery—all found at various times in his “Sn He directed them to his uncle, Mr. Williams, 82 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. Duffield Road, who has quite a large collection of similar objects, mostly found when the foundations of the Great Northern Railway Company’s bridge at Little Chester were laid. A recent visit of Mr. Keys to Little Chester, has led to the probable discovery of the Roman cemetery, across which he intends cutting a trench next Spring. The porrery must first claim our attention. The beautiful Continental Samian ware, held in the highest repute by the Romans and the most widely diffused of their pottery, is re- presented in these ‘‘finds” by about twenty or thirty fragments. Several of these fragments have the usual “ festoon and tassel” ornament, one has a draped female figure, another a winged Cupid—all, as usual, in relief. But the majority are quite plain, - and obviously formed part of bowls and saucer-shaped vessels of graceful form and smooth sealing-wax-like surface. A similar number of fragments, apparently of one make, are thin, porous, light in weight, sonorous when struck, dirty white in paste, and with semi-lustrous or waxy-looking surfaces, tange- ing in colour from a light ruddy chocolate to black, the tint often varying upon the same piece. Some are quite plain, others ‘‘engine-turned,’’ or perhaps better expressed as hatched or milled, several have scroll patterns in relief, not moulded, how- ever, like those of the Samian, but trailed on in slip, and one has a simple “frill” ornamentation. Many of these fragments belong to covered vessels, or rather boxes, elaborately “ engine- turned.” Mr. Williams has a large piece of one of the lids; it is slightly conical, about 8 inches in diameter, and was probably surmounted with a knob. No illustration of this class of vessel is given in Jewitt’s Ceramic Art of Great Britain, but there is one in his Grave Mounds and their Contents (fig. 268). The rest seem to have belonged to tall vase-like vessels, one at least being ‘indented "—that is, with its sides pushed im when still plastic, to form undulations or flutings round the body of the vessel. ‘There is nothing new under the sun”—the writer is informed that a firm of potters not many miles from this town have a patent for this very process ! RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. 83 Several fragments of beautifully finished, thin and highly lustrous ware were found at the farm. Two belonged to an indented vessel (similar to fig. 172 Ceramic Art) of close red paste with horizontal lines of “ hatched” work. ‘Two others, one scarcely zz inch in thickness and delicately ‘‘ hatched,” belonging to a small globular vessel, and the other thicker and belonging to a narrow-necked one, are of close blackish paste and with a highly lustrous dark grey surface. Pottery of a thicker and softer build, not sonorous when struck, and black throughout, is strongly represented among the fragments. Thecolour is due to the process of the smother-kiln, several of which, described and illustrated in Ceramic Art, have been found upon the sites of the extensive Roman potteries at and around Castor, Northamptonshire. This process consisted in an arrangement for closing the flue at a certain stage of the firing, by which means the carbonaceous fumes of the fire, and those derived from the ground rye or wheat mixed with the clay of which the pottery was made, were pent up and caused to impregnate.the contents of the kiln. The surface of this pottery is frequently smooth and with a sort of dull waxy gloss—evidently produced by a burnisher when the paste was almost dry: where the surface is roughish, as left by the wheel, it is generally ornamented by burnished, but not sunk lines—hence are only seen distinctly in certain lights. Most of the vessels of which they formed parts, seem to have been of elegant urn character with brims boldly curved outwards. A coarser variety of this pottery is almost as plentiful. It is heavier, harder, and in colour approaching a black-grey. The surface is never smoothed as above. ‘The vessels were larger, and apparently of similar shape, only their brims, while curving out- wards, were thick and bead-like. But the larger proportion by far are a series ranging from white to buff or light red, of varying degrees of coarseness, but never so fine as the above mentioned kinds of pottery, nor so coarse as the common red to be described. ‘The hardness and porosity, too, vary. There can be little doubt that most of these were made at the extensive Shropshire potteries; the rest elsewhere. 84 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. Fragments of ampullz (the one-handled flask-shaped bottles or jugs generally found upon Roman sites) are plentiful amongst these potsherds. But most noticeable and numerous are the fragments of mortaria—the domestic mortars of the Romans, which, as the reader will see from the accompanying sketch (a restoration of one from Little Chester in the possession of Mr. Williams), differed considerably from the modern ones. They were shallow; the internal surface was thickly studded with broken quartz or iron slag to aid the process of trituration ; their brims were strong and peculiar, and had, or usually had, a spout. From the fact that pestles are never found it may be concluded that wooden ones were used. The character of the brims varied considerably, and as a large variety have been found at Little Chester, the writer thought it well worth the while to give a plate of sections (each being one-half the lineal measurement of the original) and notes: they may be of value to readers who make Roman pottery a special study. But first, the mortarium as a vessel in use. ‘The small bottom and the heavy brim must have made it very unsteady and awkward when used, unless there were some additional means of supporting it. When the writer saw the fragment of a stone mortarium found at Little Chester a | MIM ; | Roway Mortaria | von Writtle Qhester— R A oe hea 4 Examples of Rims. TGS. q RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. 85 belonging to Mr. Williams, here sketched, it occurred to him that the brims of the earthenware ones may have fulfilled a similar function to that of the square projection on this fragment, which is undoubtedly Roman.* Probably it had three or four such projections when complete, and undoubtedly their function, like that of the rounded projections of the modern pharmacist’s marble mortar, was to hold the utensil in place when /e¢ nto a bench or table. In the earthenware mortaria the brims would admirably serve a similar purpose, and’ esthetically were well adapted for it. Fig. 1, plate vii., will explain the arrangement ; a, a, represent the table top in section, and 4, 4, that of the mortarium let into it, the brim ledging upon the edge of the table top round the hole, and thus furnishing a firm and steady support to the vessel. The usefulness of such an utensil, fixed in such a manner, is so * Fragments of similar stone mortaria have been found associated with Roman remains in the City of London. 86 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. obvious that the wonder is that some enterprising potter has not long ago re-introduced it. The mortaria brim-sections shown on the plate fall into two classes—the curve and its derivatives, and the double flange. Of the former, Fig. 2 may be regarded as the perfect type; and of the latter, Figs. 9, 12, and 17 are the simplest forms. In the following list the inches refer to the external diameters of the vessels. Interiors of all, with two exceptions, studded with iron slag. Fig. 2.—104 in.; coarse, heavy, light buff. Other fragments similar, upon two the makers’ names are slightly impressed, but now almost illegible. Fig. 3.—11% in.; heavy, light buff. This refers to the almost perfect vessel sketched above. Another fragment belonged to a larger vessel. A third, 112 in.; fine and light in weight, a well defined bead at lower edge. Fig. 4.—11 in.; well finished, fine, smooth surface, light in weight. Another fragment, rough, whitish. A third, moderately well-finished, light in weight, light buff. Fig. 5.—82 in.; coarse, heavy, dirty buff; peculiar in shape, and in having a name, vivivis (but the final letter is doubtful— perhaps it is not a letter at all), in an irregular cartouch of some chocolate-coloured pigment. Fig. 2, plate vi., is the exact size of original. Unlike the usual method of impressing the maker’s name with a die this was moulded by hand, and hence it may be concluded that it is the purchaser’s name. This fragment has been submitted to Mr. Augustus Franks, of the British Museum, to the Editor of this journal, and to the Rev. Canon Raine, of York, all of whom concur that the inscription is unique. Fig. 6.—Well-finished, whitish ; studded with broken quartz. A very unusual shape. Fig. 7.—11 in.; well-finished, whitish, sandy. Mr. Williams has many fragments of this section, apparently all of one vessel, which possibly was not a mortarium, as its inner surface is not studded. RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. 87 Fig. 8.—Fine, whitish, light in weight; on the face a double r fi, N zig-zag pattern in red pigment.* Fig. 9.—13}.in.; coarse, rough, whitish; the face ribbed longitudinally and having a rude pattern of curved bands in similar colour as above. A similar fragment, 74 in.; light in . weight, porous, and well-finished ; ribs indistinct ; no pattern. Fig. 10.—10} in.; coarse, heavy, yellow, vertically striped with red bands. Fig. 11.—9 in. compact, dirty buff; obliquely striped as above. Fig. 12.—g in. rather coarse, light buff, beaded along upper edge. Another fragment, similar, 74 in., slightly ribbed. Figs. 13, 15, 16, and other fragments, all belonging to vessels ranging from 9g in. to 103 in. ; faces ribbed, sometimes strongly so, as in Fig. 15 ; coarse, heavy and yellow. Fig. 17.—Well-finished, light in weight, whitish. In general character, the pastes of the second class, with the * This illustration, and all the following ones except the next, are some- what larger than the objects to which they refer. It was the writer’s intention that the sketches should be reduced for the press. 88 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. exception of Figs. 8 and 17, are heavy and yellow when compared with those of the first class. Of a coarse sandy variety of this light coloured ware are a con- siderable number of fragments of amphorze, the large, round or pointed-bottomed, two-handled vases used by the Romans for wine, oil, or honey. Upon the handles of several are impressed the makers’ names, fig. 3, plate vi. being the most distinct. Several fragments of pottery are roughly glazed—the glaze being in each case of a greenish colour. Several pieces of glass of similar colour are probably Roman. There are abundant fragments of the common red pottery. They need no further remark beyond that they represent a variety of vessels—all large. Amongst Mr. Williams’ pottery are several interesting pieces of 17th or 18th century pottery, which deserve a passing notice. Their paste is reddish ; surfaces highly glazed. The ornamentation was made by trailing or dropping thin slips of another colour upon the surface of the article. In the first of the accompanying sketches the ground is chocolate, and the ornaments (which are much raised) are yellow and the glaze is much ‘‘crazed.” In PLATE YI. mL A3ys3QXy BVT (of Gala g Uns. Whi) D OLRBY & LONDON. EA SONS, PHOTO -LiTHO. ua RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. 89 the second sketch, the ornamentation was produced by drops of slip, and are dark upon a light ground. Similar pottery, made at Tickenhall, Derbyshire, is described in Ceramic Art. THE WORKED STONES. In Mr. Mottram’s garden is to be seen much gritstone (its source to be entered into shortly), now thrown up into rockeries, and amongst it an occasional worked stone. The more pronounced of these are quern fragments. The upper stone given with section upon plate vi., fig. 4, is of hard gritstone, 15 inches in diameter, and from 2 to 3 inches in thick- ness. Its grinding surface is polished in places, and a concave as usual in querns of this period. It is clear that this stone was fitted into some mechanical arrangement for turning it, for on each side of the “ eye,” which is nearly 3 inches in diameter, is to be noticed the cuttings for a mill-rhine, and the excavation on the margin (seen on the plate) still further bears this out. There are other fragments of querns of very similar character, some beautifully finished, all having a general resemblance in shape to the perfect querns found upon the site of Uriconium, and now preserved at Shrewsbury. An upper-stone has the peculiar wedge-shaped slots radiating from the “eye,” as noticed in the fragment from the Haddon Fields barrow, described a year ago in this Journal, the only difference being that this Little Chester stone is concave and thin. Fig. 6 is most puzzling. It is extremely nicely finished—no marks of a chisel are to be seen. It is difficult to understand how it could have been used as a mill-stone, for its diameter was only 8} or gin. Yet its lower surface is polished, and has the 99 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. concentric striations which indicate such an use. The reader will make out its peculiarities from the plate; the small holes near the edge (probably four in the perfect stone) are not deep. Fig. 5, is of very fine sandstone, about 9 in. square and of uncertain use. But the most interesting relic of Roman Derventio is a carved stone (fig. 1, plate vi.) 20 in. high, square in transverse section— each face being 8} in. broad. The top is roof-like and keeled at the ridge, the front and back of the stone terminating upwards ina gable in consequence. Onthe front, which is surrounded by a bead- shaped rim, is depicted in relief a nude male figure, much worn like the rim, of rude workmanship but decidedly Roman spirit. This stone was found years ago near the river, and removed to a dark embowered rockery or fernery in Mr. Mottram’s garden, where the writer first saw it. When it was brought into open day- light certain incised lines were visible upon its front, which when followed up proved to be the insignia of the god Mercury. His left hand rests upon the Caduceus—the winged wand entwined by serpents given him by Apollo. The wings cannot be traced: the serpents are conventionally represented by two semi-circles and intervening circle, intersected, of course, by the wand. Starting upwards from the head are two pairs of lines—the wings of the god’s travelling hat. Over the right shoulder is an indistinct line, which may represent his magicalsword. The right arm terminates in alump, too large for the hand—evidently the purse, his attri- bute as god of traffic. All these, with the exception of the purse, are inconsistently rendered in grooves instead of raised work. In fact, the execution of the whole is such as to preclude its being the work of amason. For this reason we must dismiss the idea that it may have adorned a public building. Rather, as representing the god in his capacity of patron of merchants, it may have pre- sided over a Roman officina, or taberna or shop ; if indeed it did not fulfil a less honourable duty, for this convenient god was also patron of thieves and pickpockets. And what better patron could these have had? Mercury, to use an expressive term, ‘‘ bested” his superiors—he robbed Neptune of his trident, Venus of her ee ms A yy iG —— ean RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY. QI girdle, Mars of his sword, Vulcan of his tools, and almighty Jupiter himself of his sceptre! He could make himself invisible, take any form he wished, outstrip the gods in speed! Invested with his power, the thief must succeed in his operations against frail men ; privileged with his favour, the merchant need have no longer a conscience as to short weights and broken contracts ! This stone is indeed a striking testimony of the superiority of Christianity over the Paganism it supplanted; ow, if men do these things, it is in spite of the ideal of their religion. Besides the above worked stones, there is one, apparently a detail of a plinth, of decidedly Roman character, now used as the corner-stone of a wall in Mr. Dicken’s yard. The writer has great pleasure in announcing that Mr. Keys has purchased the Mercury, and has offered it to the Derby Museum. The coIns are, as might be expected, for the most part much defaced. Some, however, retain their original sharpness. A few of the latter have been decyphered from time to time for their present owners, and the writer not having made a study of Roman coins, will confine himself to these statements of others hoping that by the time a further article upon Little Chester appears in this journal, the whole will have been re-examined by a competent person. A silver coin, bearing the name ‘“ Constantinopolis,” has on the reverse a figure of Victory standing on the prow of a ship, holding in one hand a spear and in the other a shield or wreath. Of small copper coins, one bears the inscription: ‘‘ Antonin. Pius. Aug.” ; another has on its reverse, ‘‘ Urbs Rome,” with the figures of a wolf suckling Romulus and Remus; another, a figure of Victory, with wreath and spear; another, “Imp. Maximinus. Aug.,” reverse, ““Genio Pop. Rom.,” with a draped figure holding a cornucopia and paten: another, ‘‘Constantinus Chlorus,” reverse, two soldiers, and between them a standard. Another coin of a Constantine has on its reverse two standards and a wreath be- tween two soldiers ; a brass one has a beautiful winged Victory with shield and spear, the head with helmet on the obverse, being of decided Greek type. 92 RELICS OF THE ROMAN OCCUPATION, LITTLE CHESTER, DERBY, Several pieces of BRONZE must be noticed. One is an irregular piece of sheet bronze, hammered into a convex shape: it has been suggested that it formed the boss or umbo of a shield. Another, found by Mr. Williams with some of his pottery, is a curved thin iy et strip, ranging from 4 to #in. broad, and about ( cde al 54in. long. It has been a handle attached to ( Ae some vessel after the manner of that of a modern bucket. The ornamentation is simple, (- ) consisting of two borders of punched cres- (: é ) cents and a bead, as sketch given. | bee In conclusion, it may be remarked that the BR ( 7 y pottery found on the Manor House Farm was ( ; ) associated with bones (chiefly of oxen), char- ( Bi coal and blackish earth, forming a stratum i several feet below the surface, and above it ( ee was a thin layer of gravel (a former path). f/ i The former may have been the contents of A <«- DA some Roman rubbish heap, laid down to form a foundation for the gravel. Since the above went to the press, it has been suggested more than once that the stone bearing the image of Mercury was a boundary stone, and that the keel-like ridge marked the boundary line. Hermes, the Greek equivalent of Mercury, was certainly their god of boundaries, but he was replaced in this respect by Terminus amongst the Romans. Boundary stones dedicated to the latter god seem to have been common. Perhaps some readers of this journal can throw light upon the matter. Reference has been made to the rockeries in Mr. Mottram’s garden. The stone of which they are constructed is from the foundations of a very thick wall running down the side of the garden. ‘The well-constructed lower courses of the masonry of this wall are exposed in a neighbouring cellar. Mr. Keys thinks it is a portion of the Roman wall of Derventio. 93 A Calendar of the fines for the County of Derby, from thety conumencement tn the retqn of Richard I. [Continued from Vol. X., p. 158.] 1260. May 30—June 6. Westminster. Within the octaves of Holy Trinity, 44 Henry III. Between William, son of William de Gyneleg’, Plaintiff, and William son of Michael de Langeford, Defendant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of one sparrow-hawk, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff of 4 messuages, 2 oxgangs, and 26 acres of land, with appurtenances in Gyneleg’. To hold to the Plaintiff and his heirs for ever, at the yearly rent of 30 shillings, payable at the feasts of S. Martin and Easter, during the life of the Defendant, and after the death of the Defendant, at the yearly rent of 3 shillings and 4 pence at the same terms. June 24—July 8. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. John the Baptist, 44 Henry III. Between Emma de Tikenhall, Plazutiff, and Peter, Prior of Depindon, Zezant, by Richard de Curzun, his attorney. Grant, in consideration of 24 marks of silver, by the Plaintiff and her heirs to the Tenant and his successors, for ever, of 9 acres of land, and the third part of one messuage, with appurtenances in Tykenhall. Nov. 11—25. Westminster. Within 15 days of the Feast of S. Martin, 45 Henry III. Between Roger de Merssinton, Plazntiff, and Robert, son of Odo de Herebirbur’, and Elizabeth, his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of 30 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of the moiety of the vill of Redesleye, with appurtenances, for ever. To hold at the yearly rent of 2 marks of silver, payable at Easter and Michaelmas. 94 CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Nov. 12. Westminster. The morrow of S. Martin, 45 Henry III. Between Margaret, Countess of Lincoln, P/aintzff, by Adam de Condre, her attorney, and Robert de Acouere and Margery, his wife, Deforciants. Grant, on a plea of covenant, and in consideration of 30 marks, by the Deforciants to the Plaintiff, of 4 virgates of land, with appurtenances in Melton, for ever. 1261. Westminster. Within the octaves of the Purification of the Blessed Feb. 2—8. Mary, 45 Henry III. Between Thomas de Cumbe and Amice, his wife, F/azntzffs, and Richard, son of Eda, Zenant, by Simon, his son, his attorney. Grant, on a recoguizance of great assize, and in consideration of 16 marks of silver, by the Plaintiff, Thomas for himself, and the heirs of Amice to the Tenant and his heirs for ever, of 2 oxgangs of land, with appurtenances in Aston. Noy. 11—18. Westminster. Within the octaves of S. Martin, 46 Henry III. Between Geoffrey Marcel, Plaintiff, and Nicholas de Wendlesleg’ and Galiena, his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of one sparrow-hawk, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of one toft and 12 acres of land, with appurtenances in Peuerwyz (Parwich), for ever. Rendering to the Defendant Nicholas and the heirs of the same Galiena, one penny by the year, and doing to the chief lords of that fee, for the aforesaid Nicholas and Galiena and the heirs of the same Galiena, all other services which to that tene- ment pertain. 1262. Westminster. Within 15 days of S. Hilary, 46 Henry III. Jan. 13—27. Between William de Buxstones, Plazntiff, and Richard de Goyt, and Mary, his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of 20 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of 30 acres of land, with appurtenances in Grene. To hold of the Defendants and their heirs, for ever. Rendering one apple at Michaelmas for all services and exactions to the Defendants and the heirs of the same Mary, and doing to the chief loras of that fee for the Defendants and the heirs of the same Mary all other services which pertain to the aforesaid land. Sept. 29—Oct. 6. Westminster. Within the octaves of S. Michael, 46 Henry ITI. Between Roger Crokes, Plaintiff, and Phillip le Marescall’, and Cicely, his wift, Deforczants. CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 95 - 1263. Feb. 3. Grant, on a plea of covenant, and in consideration of one sparrow-hawk, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff, of one messuage and 4 oxgangs of land, with appurtenances in Ekenton. To hold of the Deforciants and the heirs of the same Cicely for ever, at the yearly rent of one clove gilly-flower, payable at Easter. Westminster. The morrow of the Purification of the Blessed Mary, 47 Henry III. Between Adam, son of Hugh de Roukworthe, Plaintiff, and William, son of William Pygoth and Alice, his wife, Defen- dants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of 17 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of one carucate of land, with appurtenances in Hadesfeld. To hold of the chief lords of that fee, by the service which to that land per- tains, for ever. April 1—30. Westminster. Within one month of Easter, 47 Henry III. April 11. Between Thomas, Abbot of Chester, Plazztiff; by Robert of Chester, his attorney, and Thomas de Cumbe and Amice, his wife, Deforciants. Grant, on a plea of covenant, and in consideration of 37 marks of silver, by the Deforciants and the heirs of the same Amice, to the Plaintiff and his successors for ever, of one messuage and 4 oxgangs of land, with appurtenances in Aston. Westminster. The morrow of the Ascension, 47 Henry III. Between Phillip le Marescall’, Plazn/zf7, and Roger Crokes, Deforciant. Acknowledgement, on a plea of covenant, by Plaintiff to Deforciant, and grant thereupon, in consideration of one sparrow- hawk, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff and Cicely his wife, of one messuage and four oxgangs of land with appurtenances in Ekinton, and 5 shillings rent with appurtenances in Oneston. To hold to the same Phillip and Cicily and the heirs begotten by the same Phillip on the body of the same Cicely, of the Deforciant and his heirs for ever, performing to the chief lords of that fee all other services. And if the aforesaid Phillip should die without heirs begotten of the body of the same Cicely, the aforesaid tenement shall remain to the same Cicely, and then after the death of the same Cicely to the right heirs of the same Phillip, to hold of the same Roger and his heirs, by the aforesaid service, for ever. 96 CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. May 27—June Ito. Lincoln. Within 15 days of Holy Trinity, 47 Henry III. Between William de Steyneby, Plazntzff, and Jocelin de Steyneby, Deforciant. Acknowledgement, on a plea of covenant, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff, and grant thereupon by the Plaintiff to the Deforciant of the manor of Herdwik, with appurtenances as in demesnes, homages, rents, services of the freemen, villeinages, wards, reliefs, escheats, woods, meadows, pastures and all other things to the aforesaid manor pertaining. To hold of the Plaintiff and the heirs begotten of his hody, for the life of the Deforciant, rendering 20 shillings by the year payable at Michaelmas and Lady-day, and performing all other services to the chief lords of that fee. Reversion after the death of the Deforciant to the Plaintiff and his heirs. And if the Plaintiff die without heir of his body, or if the heirs of his body die without heir, the Deforciant being alive, then after the decease of Deforciant the manor with appurtenances to remain to Roger de Sumervile and Lucy his wife for their lives, and after the decease of the same Roger and Lucy the said manor : to remain to William son of Lucy and John son of Mabel (A/adz/ia), nephews of the same Plaintiff, and their heirs. September 22. Lincoln. The morrow of S. Mathew, 47 Henry III. Between Matilda de Gonshull, Plaznt7ff, by Henry Sharp, her attorney, and Nigel de Langeford, Deforczant, by Alexander de Ramesbeye, his attorney. Grant in perpetuity, on a plea of covenant, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff of that capital messuage of Barleburg’, which Annora, widow of Mathew de Hauerehegg’, held in dower of the inheri- tance of the Deforciant on the day on which this agreement was made, with the gardens and edifices to the same messuage be- longing. And thereupon the Plaintiff grants to Deforciant and his heirs for ever that capital messuage with appurtenances in Hauereshegg, which belonged to Mathew de Hauereshegg, And this agreement was made in the presence and with the consent of the said Annora, she claiming nothing in the aforesaid messuage of Barleburg, except in the name of dower. 1265. Jan. 13-20 Westminster. Within the octaves of Hilary, 49 Henry III. Between Henry de Knyveton and Sibyl his wife, Plaintiffs, and William de Stabington, Zexanz. Acknowledgement, by the Tenant to the same Sibil, and grant thereupon, in consideration of 20 marks of silver, by Plaintiff to CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 97 Tenant of 2 oxgangs of land with appurtenances in Benteleg. To hold of the Plaintiffs and the heirs of the same Sibil for ever, ren- dering one penny at the feast of St. Oswald for all service. Jan. 13-28 Westminster. Within 15 days of Hilary, 49 Henry III. Between Stephen le Clerk de Mersinton, Plaintiff, and Robert le Clerk de Barton and Alice his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of too shillings sterling, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff of 2 oxgangs of land with appurtenances in Longeford. To hold of the Defendants and the heirs of the said Alice for ever, rendering yearly one clove gilly-flower at Christmas for all service, and rendering yearly to the altar of the Blessed Mary in the church of Longeford for the Defendants and the heirs of the same Alice 2 pounds of wax or 14 pence, payable at the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Mary and Christmas. Performing all other services to the chief lords of that fee for the Defendants, and the heirs of the said Alice. 1266. Westminster. Within the octaves of the Purification of the Blessed Feb. 2—9 Mary, 50 Henry III. Between Henry de Heryz, Plaintiff, by Simon de Havering, his attorney, and Agnes Prioress of S. Leonard’s of Brewode, Tenant, by John de Prez, her attorney. Grant, in consideration of 10 pounds sterling, by the Plaintiff to the Tenant and her successors, of the advowson of the church of | | Tybeshelf, for ever. 1268. Westminster. The morrow of the Purification of the Blessed Feb. 3 Mary, 52 Henry III. Between Roger, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, Plazntiff, by Michael de Hispan’ his attorney, and William de Gray, Deforciant, by Ingelram de Hanewrth, his attorney. Grant, on a plea of covenant, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff, and his churches of Coventry and Lichfield, of the advowson of the 4 Church of Saundiacre, with appurtenances, for ever. And the same h Rishop receives the aforesaid Deforciant and his heirs in every benefit ' and prayer which from henceforth are made in his churches afore- , said, for ever. 1269. Derby. Within 15 days of Easter, 53 Henry III. March 24—April 8. Between John de Grey, Plaintiff, and Geoffrey de Barewe and Avice his wife, Defendants. 7 98 CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Grant, in consideration of 7 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of 10 shillings rent with appurtenances in Cote- grave, for ever. March 24—April 13. Derby. Within 3 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Roger de Kyleburne and Emma his wife, Plazntzffs, and William de Wynefeud, Zenant. Grant, on an assize of mort d’ancestor, and in consideration of one mark of silver, by the Plaintiffs and the heirs of the same Emma, to the Tenant and his heirs for ever, of one messuage and 2 oxgangs of land with appurtenances, in Duffeud. March 24—April 13. Derby. Within 3 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Ellen daughter of William de Northbur’, Plazndzff, and William Fitz-Herbert, Defendant. Grant on a plea of warranty of charter, in consideration of the gift of one of her soar-sparrowhawks, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff, of 1 toft, 564 acres, 4 a rod and 3 oxgangs of land, 16 acres of wood, 14 acre of meadow, and 5s. 3d. of rent, with appurtenances in Rossinton and Northbury, to hold to the Plaintiff and the heirs of her body begotten, of the Defendant and his heirs for ever by the annual rent of 4d. payable at Easter, and doing to the chief lords of that fee the services pertaining to the premises. If the Plaintiff should die without heir of her body, and Joan her sister should be then alive, all the premises to remain to the same Joan and the heirs of her body ; and if Joan should die without heir of her body, then the premises to remain to Henry brother of the Plaintiff and Joan, to hold ina similar way. The Defendant further grants (with similar remainders) that the said Plaintiff and her tenants of Rossinton and Northbur’ may be quit of pannage and herbage in the wood of Birichwode, and that they may have housebote and haybote, for burning and hedging as necessary, in the said wood, by view of the foresters of the Defendant and his heirs for ever. March 24—April 23. Derby. Within one month of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Henry Lorimar’, Plazntzff, and Walter son of Godfrey and Cicely his wife, Defendant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter and in consideration of 5 marks of silver, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff, of 33 acres of land with appurtenances in Derby. To hold, for ever, at the yearly rent of 4d., payable at the Feast of S. James. March 24.—Derby, within 1 month of Easter, 53 Henry III. a». CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 99 April 23.—Between William de Burleye and Sibyl his wife, Plain¢zffs, and Master Ralph de Chaddeston, Defendant. Acknowledgment by the Defendant to the Plaintiffs, and grant thereupon to the Defendant, of 17 acres of land with appurtenances in Chadesden. To hold of the Plaintiffs and the heirs of the said Sibyl for the life of the Defendant, by the yearly rent of 12d. payable at Michaelmas and Lady Day. After the Defendant’s decease the said land wholly to revert to the said William and Sibyl and the heirs of the said Sibyl, quit of the heirs of the said Defendant. To hold of the chief lords of that fee. March 24—April 23. Derby. Within one month of Easter, 53 Henry III. ‘ Between Adam de Grotewik and Margaret his wife, Gilbert son of William de Benetleye and Cicely his wife, Plaintiffs, and Henry son of Elias de Benetley, 7exant. Acknowledgement by the Tenant to the same Margaret and Cicely, and grant thereupon, in consideration of one mark of silver, | by the Plaintiffs to the Tenant, of one oxgang of land with appur- tenances in Benetleye. To hold of the Plaintiffs and the heirs of the same Margaret and Cicely for ever, at the yearly rent of one penny payable at Christmas, and performing all other services to the chief lords of that fee. March 29—April 23. Derby. Within one month of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between William le Herbergur, Plaintiff, and Master Ralph de Chaddesden, Defendant. Acknowledgement by the Defendant to the Plaintiff, and grant thereupon by the Plaintiff to the Defendant of one messuage, 3 carucates of land and one mill with appurtenances in Chadeston, and 40 acres of land with appurtenances in Wynesleye. To hold of the Plaintiff and his heirs for the life of the Defendant at the yearly rent of 6 shillings and 8 pence, payable at Michaelmas and Easter. And after the decease of the Defendant the tenements aforesaid to wholly revert to the Plaintiff and his heirs. March 24—April 23. Derby. Within one month of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Nicholas de Blakewelle, Plaintiff, and Benedict son of Reginald and Christiana his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of five marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff of one mes- suage and 21 acres of land with appurtenances in Blakwelle. To hold of the aforesaid Defendants’ and the heirs of the said Christiana for ever, at the yearly rent of one halfpenny payable at Michaelmas, and 100 CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. performing all other services to the chief lords of that fee. And grant thereupon by Plaintiff to Defendants of those 6 acres of land with appurtenances in Medwe which Richard de Vernun formerly held in that vill. To hold to the Defendant and the heirs of the said Christiana of the Plaintiff and his heirs for ever, at the rent of one halfpenny payable at Michaelmas and performing all other services to the chief lords of that fee. March 24—April 27. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between John de la Cornere, Plaintiff, and Nicholas son of Richard Tebaud and Cicely his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter and in consideration of 4 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of the moiety of one messuage with appurtenances in Dereb’. To hold to the Plaintiff and his heirs of the Defendants and the heirs of the said Cicely for ever at the rent of one penny payable at Easter and performing all other services to the chief lords of the fee. 1269. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. March 24—April 27. Between John de la Cornere, Plazntzff, and Robert de Cruce and Matilda his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of 5 marks of silver, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of the moiety of that messuage with appurtenances in Derby which lies between the land which William son of Herbert, formerly held and the land which John son of Peter, formerly held. To hold of the Defen- dants and the heirs of the same Matilda for ever, at the yearly rent ee of one penny, payable at Easter, for all service. March 24.—April 27.. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Roger, Bishop of Lichfield, Plaintif, by Simon de Coventr’, his attorney, and Roesia de Oyle, Deforczant. Grant, on a plea of covenant, and in consideration of 12 marks of silver, by the Deforciant to the Plaintiff and his church of one messuage and two oxgangs of land, with appurtenances, in Stanton, for ever. March 24—April 27. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between John, son of John de Shortehaseles, Placz¢iff, and Ralph le Butiler and Matilda, his wife, Zenants. Grant, on an assize of mort d’ancestor, by the Tenants, for _themselves and the heirs of Matilda, to the Plaintiff and his heirs, for ever, of one virgate of land, with appurtenances, in Herteshorn, CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Iol with covenant by the Plaintiff to pay 12 shillings yearly at Michael- mas and Lady day, and with proviso for the Tenants and their heirs to enter upon the land in default of such payment. March 24—April 27. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Roger, Prior of Lenton, Plaintiff, and Nigel de Langeford, that the same Nigel should acquit the aforesaid Prior of the service which Ralph Musard, Nicholas Wake, and Phillip de Coleworth, keeper of the land and heir of Simon de Wydington, exacted from him for the free tenement which the same Prior held of the aforesaid Nigel in Hulm and Duneston, to wit, the manors of Hulm and Duneston, with appurtenances, and whereof the same Prior complained that the aforesaid Ralph destrained him for suit of his court of Staneleye from 3 weeks to 3 weeks, and that Nicholas Wake destrained him for suit at his court of Cestrefeuld from 3 weeks to 3 weeks, and that Philip de Coleworth, keeper of the land and heir of Simon de Wydington, destrained him for suit at his court of Wydington, from 3 weeks to 3 weeks, whereof the same Nigel, who is mesne between them, ought to acquit him. The aforesaid Nigel acknowledges the afore- said manors, with appurtenances, to be the right of the same Prior and his church of Lenton, to hold to the same Prior and his successors and his church aforesaid, of the aforesaid Nigel and his heirs, in free and perpetual alms for ever, at the yearly rent of 24 shillings. In consideration of this fine the same Prior remits, for himself and his successors, to the same Nigel all damages which he said he had by occasion of the said Nigel not having before acquitted him. March 24—April 27. Derby. Within 5 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between William, son of Richer’ de Cestrefeuld, Plaintzff, and Richer’, son of Weneth, Defendant, by William Pite, his attorney. Acknowledgement, on a plea of warranty of charter, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff, and grant thereupon by the Plaintiff to the Defendant of 2 messuages, 47 acres of land and 3 acres of meadow, with appurtenances, in Cestrefeuld, Newebold, Brimig- ton, and Tapton. To hold of the Plaintiff and his heirs, during the life of the defendant, at the yearly rent of 14 shillings, payable at Michaelmas and Lady-day.. After the death of the defendant, the aforesaid tenements, with appurtenances, wholly to revert to the Plaintiff and his heirs, quit of the heirs of the Defendant. 102 CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. March 24—May 4. Derby. Within 6 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Henry, son of William de Northbur’, Plaznizff, and William, son of Herbert, Defendant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of one soar-hawk, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff of the manor of Northbur’ and the advowson of the church of the same manor, except 564 acres and half a rood and 3 oxgangs of land, 16 acres of wood, one acre and a half of meadow, 5 shillings and 3 pence rent, with appurtenances in Boscinton (szc) and Northbur’. To hold to the plaintiff and the heirs of his body, of the Defendant during the life of the said Defendant, at the yearly rent of 20 pounds sterling, payable at the Feast of S. James and the Feast of the Purification of the Blessed Mary, and performing all other services to the chief lords of the fee, for the Defendant. After the death of the same Defendant the aforesaid Plaintiff and his heirs to be quit of the payment of the aforesaid 20 pounds for ever, and to hold of the heirs of the Defendant at the yearly rent of one penny, at Christ- mas, for all service, for ever. And if it happen that the Plaintiff die without heir of his body begotten, Robert, brother of the Plaintiff, being alive, then the tenements aforesaid to remain to the said Robert after the death of the Plaintiff under same conditions as to rent and tenure. And in default of heirs of the body of the said Robert, the tenements aforesaid to remain to Roger, brother of the aforesaid Plaintiff, Robert, under same conditions as to rent and tenure. And in default of heirs of the body of the said Roger, the tenements aforesaid to remain to Margaret, sister of the aforesaid Plaintiff and Robert and Roger. And in default of heirs of the body of the said Margaret, the tenements aforesaid to remain to Joan, sister of the aforesaid Plaintiff, Robert, Roger, and Margaret. And in default of heirs of the bodies of the aforesaid Plaintiff, Robert, Roger, Margaret, and Joan, the tenements afore- said to revert to the aforesaid Defendant and his heirs, quit of the heirs of the aforesaid Plaintiff and the others. March 24—May 4. Derby. Within 6 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Roger Sarrazin and Margaret his wife, Ralph de la Spanne and Agnes his wife, Plazn¢zfs, and Thomas Tuchet, Tenant. Grant, in consideration of 40 shillings sterling, by the Plaintiffs for themselves and the heirs of Margaret and Agnes to the Tenant and his heirs, for ever of 8 shillings rent with appurtenances in Makwrth’. CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 103 Marh 24.—May 4. Derby. Within 6 weeks of Easter, 53 Henry III. Between Henry de Ouram and Joan, his wife, Plaintiff, and Hugh de Dun, Defendant. Acknowledgement, on a plea of warranty of charter, by the Defendant to the Plaintiffs, of the moiety of a Knight’s fee in Breydeshal with the demesne lands, arable lands, reliefs, wards, services of free men, villeinages, and the villeins holding them, meadows, pastures, and all things to the said moiety pertaining, and the advowson of the church of Breydeshal. The Plaintiffs, thereupon, grant to the Defendant the said moiety with appur- tenances. To hold for his life of them and the heirs of the said Joan at the yearly rent of gos. sterling, payable at Michaelmas and Lady Day. After Hugh’s death the said moiety to revert to the Plaintiffs and the heirs of the said Joan, quit of the heirs of the said Hugh. To hold of the chief lords of that fee. May 8. Derby and York. Wednesday next after the Ascension, 53 Henry III. Between Ralph de Cressy parson of the Church of St. Chad (Cedde of Langeford, by Peter le Venur his Attorney, Plaintiff, and Nigel de Langeford, concerning the reasonable estovers which the Plaintiff claimed to have in Nigel’s wood called “le Park,” and about which battle (duella armat) was waged and fought between them in the same court, Nigel, in consideration of 20 marks of silver, grants for him and his heirs that the Plaintiff and his successors, parsons of the church of Langeford, shall thenceforth for ever have in the same wood by view of their foresters reason. able estovers, viz.—housebote and haybote, for building burning and hedging. And if at any time the forester could not be found or should wilfully or maliciously absent himself, the parson of the said church for the time being is to take the estovers as necessary in the said wood, without the view of the said forester, and without contradiction or impediment of the said Nigel or his heirs. This agreement is not to exclude the parson of Langford from taking estovers in the other woods of the said Nigel and his heirs, in the same vill, in which the same were customarily taken. 1270. Westminster. Within the octaves of Michaelmas, 54 Henry III, Sept. 29.—Oct. 6. Between John son of Inge de Cesterfeld, Plaintiff7, and Thomas son of Hugh de Tydeswell and Amice his wife, Defendants. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of Too shillings sterling, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff of 1 messuage with appurtenances in Cesterfeld, To hold to him and 104 Nov. 3. 1271. CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. his heirs of the Defendants and the heirs of the said Amice for ever by the annual render of 1 clove gilly-flower at Easter for all service ; the Plaintiffs and their heirs doing to the chief lords of that fee the services accustomed. Westminster. The morrow of All Souls, 55 Henry III. Between Adam de Oxeton and Amice his wife, John de Rokele and Emma his wife, and Joan and Emma (sic) sisters of the same Amice and Emma (szc), Plaintiffs, by Walter de Whyteneye attorney of the same Adam and Amice, Joan and Emma, and Richard Hardi, Zenant. Grant, in consideration of 5 marks of silver, by the Plaintiffs for themselves and the heirs of the said Amice and Emma and Joan and Emma to the Tenant and his heirs for ever of the moiety of 1 toft with appurtenances in Cesterfeld. Westminster. Within the octaves of Hilary, 55 Henry III. Jan. 13-20. Between John de Hampton, Plaintzf, and John Damel, Tenant. 1272. Jan. 14. Feb. 3. Acknowledgment, by the Tenant to the Plaintiff, and grant, thereupon, by the Plaintiff to the Tenant of five oxgangs of land and 100 shillings of rent, with appurtenances, in Tydeswell and Whetston. To hold to him and his heirs of the Plaintiff and his heirs for ever by the yearly rent of $d. at aster, and doing to the chief lords of that fee the services accustomed. Lincoln. The morrow of Hilary, 56 Henry III. Between Henry Parfey de Benetlegh, Plazntiff, and Nicholas de Effedecote (Offcote) and Matilda, his wife, Defendants. Grant, by the Defendants, for themselves and the heirs of the said Matilda to the Plaintiff and his heirs for ever, of 5 acres of land, with appurtenances in Fennibenetlegh. And grant thereupon by the Plaintiff to the said Nicholas of a messuage, with appurte- nances in the same vill, lying between the messuage of Bertar’ (szc) and that of Robert de Bridlowe. To hold to the said Nicholas and his heirs for ever of the chief lords of that fee by the services accustomed. Lincoln. The morrow of the Purification, 56 Henry III. Between John Basset de Sapecote, Plazntzff, and Ralph Basset de Sapcote, Defendant. Grant, on a plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of one mew-hawk, by the Defendant to the Plaintiff, of 10f marks of rent, with appurtenances in Duffeuld. To hold to the Plaintiff and his heirs for the life of the Defendant at the yearly rent of 109 shillings payable at Easter and Michaelmas. After Ralph’s death, John CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. I05 and his heirs to be quit of the payment of the said rent of 100 shillings and to hold the said 104 marks of rent, of the heirs of the said Ralph for ever, paying, therefore, a yearly rent of $d. at the feast of S. Botolph. Feb. 3. Lincoln. Same date. Between Thomas le Parmenter and Ingred’, his wife, and Matilda, her sister, Platntiffs, and Richard Peccth, whom Henry Barfot calls to warrant, and who warrants him of 2 parts of 3 oxgangs of land and of I messuage, with appurtenances (except 3 acres of land and 4 an acre of meadow in Tikenhale), whereof there was a plea between them by which the said Richard acknow- ledged the said tenement, with appurtenances, to be the right of the said Ingred’ and Matilda, and the moiety of the aforesaid tenement, with appurtenances, viz., that moiety lying towards the sun (z.e., the east) he rendered into Court to the same Thomas, Ingred’ and Matilda, and remised and quitclaimed it for himself and his heirs, to them and the heirs of the said Ingred’ and Matilda for ever. And for this, Thomas, Ingred’ and Matilda, grant to the said Richard, the other moiety of the said tenement, lying towards the shade (7.¢., the west). To have and to hold to him and his heirs, of the plaintiffs and the heirs of the said Ingred’ and Matilda for ever at the yearly rent of 133d., payable at Easter and Michaelmas, and doing to the chief lords of that fee the services accustomed. And, moreover, the said Richard grants for him and his heirs that all the lands and tenements, which William de Essewelle and Isolda, his wife (on the day on which this agree- ment was made), heid for term of the life of the said Isolda, as her dower, of the gift of William, son of Nicholas de Crackele (?) kinsman of the same Richard—and which, after Isolda’s death, ought to revert to the said Richard and his heirs—shall wholly revert to the said Thomas, Ingred’, and Matilda, and the heirs of Ingred’ and Matilda. To hold, together with the aforesaid tene- ments which are given to them by this fine, of the chief lords of that fee by the services accustomed for ever. And the aforesaid William and Isolda, who were present in court at the making of this fine, acknowledged that they claimed nothing in the aforesaid tenements except for term of the life of the said Isolda in the name of dower. And they did fealty to the said Thomas, Ingred’, and Matilda, for the said tenements. May 24—31. Westminster. Within the octaves of S. John the Baptist, 56 Henry III. 106 CALENDAR OF THE FINES OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Between Adam de Gretewyke and Margery his wife, and Gilbert, son of William de Bentleye and Cicely his wife, Plaznzzffs, by William de Bentleye, clerk, their attorney, and Robert son of Robert de Offidecote, Zenant. Grant, by the Plaintiffs for themselves and the heirs of Margery and Cicely, to the Defendant, in consideration of 10 marks of silver, of 2 oxgangs of land with appurtenances in Offidecote to hold to him and his heirs for ever. May 24—31. Westminster. Same date. Between Peter Picot, Plazntzff, and Master Gilbert de Mylers whom Felicia de Grey calls to warrant, and who warrants her of 6 oxgangs of land in Burysasch and grant, in consideration of 55 marks of silver, by the Plaintiff to the same Gilbert and his heirs for ever, of the premises. June 3. Warwick. The Morrow of the Ascension, 56 Henry III. Between William son of Robert de Pillesley, P/azztzf7, and Richard Blounde and Mary his wife, Defendants. Grant, on plea of warranty of charter, and in consideration of 40 shillings sterling, by the Defendants to the Plaintiff, of 38 acres of land with appurtenances in Steynesby. To hold to the Plaintiff and his heirs, of the Defendants, and the heirs of the said Mary for ever, by the yearly render of one rose at the Nativity of S. John the Baptist, and performing all services to the chief lord of that fee Nov. 3. Westminster. The Morrow of All Souls’, 57 Henry III. Between Matilda, who was the wife of Robert de Stretton, Plaintiff, by Simon de Dene, her attorney, and Matthew de Knyveton, Zenant, by William son of Robert de Tyston, his attorney. And : Between the same Matilda, Plaintzff, and Henry son of Matthew de Knyveton, Zezanz. Grant, by the Plaintiff, in consideration of 40 marks of silver, to the same Matthew, of the manor of Wodethorpe (except 24 acres of land), the 3rd part of 24s. of rent with appurtenances in Bradeles ; and to the same Matthew and Henry the 3rd part of 4 oxgangs of land, 8 score acres of wood, I water mill, and 60s. of rent with appurtenances in the same vill. of Wodethorpe, and in Thur. . . . . These, Matilda held as the dower which fell to her by the free tenement of her late husband in the said vill. To hold to the same Matthew and Henry and their heirs for ever. [Zo be continued. ] 107 Documents Relatibe to the Sequestration of the Derbyshive Estates of Philip, first Earl of Chesterfield. By J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. mj MONG the Meynell MSS., at Meynell Langley, are YA) various original papers pertaining to the Sequestration of the estates of the Derbyshire loyalists during the Commonwealth. The most distinguished Derbyshire supporter of the cause of the King was Sir Philip Stanhope, created Baron Stanhope of Shelford in 1616, and Earl of Chester- field in 1626. When the Civil War broke out, the Earl garrisoned his houses at Bretby and Shelford, and seized on the city of Lichfield for the King. The Earl lost two sons (Philip and Ferdinand), as well as most of his fortune, in the wars, and was himself taken prisoner and kept in confinement until his death in 1656. The following interesting and original documents pertaining to the Earl’s Derbyshire estates and his family are now for the first time printed. They throw much light on the working of the Seques- tration Acts during the Commonwealth. ‘The members of the Derbyshire Archzeological Society are again indebted to the courtesy of Godfrey F. Meynell, Esq., of Meynell Langley, one of the Society’s vice-presidents, for ‘the opportunity and permission afforded to the Editor of giving these transcripts. 108° SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES Die Lune 1 Martii 1646 Ordered (upon the question) by the Commons Assembled in Parliament, That Phillipp Earle of Chesterfeild shall have the allowance of Five pounds per weeke allowed him out of his owne Estate for his support, & the Committee of the severall Counties where his Estate lies are to take notice hereof and to yeild obedience thereunto. H. Esynce Cler. Parl: :, anak By the Commissioners for Sequestrations for the countye of Derby. It is this present day ordered that Anne* Countesse of Chester- feild on & after the 25 May next shall have & enjoy all & every the lands messuages farmes & tenements in Cubly in the said county (except the farme now or late in the tenure of Richard Ryley the severall grounds called Brickhill leas & Connygree & an other ground called Sanders Coppy late in the tenure of Mr. Williams) in leiu & satysfaction of the fifth part of the estate in this county sequestred from Phillip Earle of Chesterfeild her husband. Given under our hands Derby May the 14" 1650 ROBERT MELLOR.t Ger. BENNETT.{ A Lease of the Derbyshire Estates of Philip Earl of Chesterfield granted by the three county Commissioners for a year at the rent of £1141. Derb: Whereas the Estate reall & personall of Phillip Earle of Chesterfeilde for his delinquencie against the parliament & by the * The Earl of Chesterfield married, firstly, Catherine, daughter of Francis, Lord Hastings, who died in 1636, and secondly, Anne, daughter of Sir John Pakington, of Westwood, Worcestershire, and relict of Sir Humphrey Ferrers, of Tamworth. + Robert Mellor was Mayor of Derby in 1647, and fellow-Commissioner with Gervase Bennett for the Sequestration of Estates in Derbyshire. + Gervase Bennett was member for Derby during the Commonwealth, and also Mayor of Derby in 1645. OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. 109g authoritie of the same is seized and sequestered to & for the use & benefitt of the Comonwealth & whereas the said Earle was heretofore seized of Certain Lands & Tenements situate lying & being in Brettby Sawly & Horsely & of one Farme in Cubley & certaine grounds there called Brickilne Leyes Cunnygray & Sanders Coppy in the possession of Richard Ryly and Mr. Nathaniell Williams or there Assignes now these presents witness that wee Raphe Clarke Robert Mellor & Gervase Bennett sub- stituted and appointed Commissioners for Sequestrations in the said county have demised granted leased sett & to farme lett & by those presents doe demise etc unto Robert Swaine of Horsely John Pim of Draycott John North of Cubley & Arthur Lothbury of Hillton in the said county of Derby yeomen all the rentes lands and tenements with theire and evey of theire appurtenances To have and to hold the said lands and tenements to them the said Robert Swaine John Pim John North Arthur Lothbury & theire assignes for & during & untill the full end & Terme of one whole yeare from the five & twentyeth day of March now next following & fully to be compleate & ended yeilding & paying therefore to us to & for the use of the Comonwealth the Rent or Sume of Eleaven Hundred forty & one pounds of Currant English money in and upon the nine & twentyeth day of September & the five & Twentyeth of March now next ensuing by even & equal portions & also paying and discharging all & all manner of Taxes due & payable forth of the premises & paying the rent or sume of Forty pound unto Nathaniell Hallowes Esq’ & likewise well & sufficiently uphoulding repairing & maintaining all Houses & out- houses upon the premises in good & sufficient repair & making no waste of any part of the premises And it is further agreed & the said R. S., J. P., J. N., & A. L. for themselves & their assignes doe covenant & agree to & with the said Commissioners that for evey aker of ground that the said R. S. etc shall plow by more than what is allowed & imployed in Tillage shall forfeit to the use of the Comonwealth to be leaved by distress & sale the sume of five pounds And lastly it is covenanted & agreed by & betweene the said parties that in Case the said Rents be behind & 110 SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES unpaid after any of the said Termes in which it ought to be paid that then it shall & may be lawfull to & for the said Com- missioners into the premises to enter & distraine & the distress there found to take leade drive away & sell March xiiij° 1650 | Rost SWAINE Joun NortTH JoHun PYMME ARTHUR LOTHBURY Sealed & delivered in the presence of Tho: Neighboure & W™ Flint. Die Mercury April 1651 Ordered by the Parliament that the Sum of Five ponds per weeke together with the Arrears thereof bee paid and satisfied unto Phillipp Earle of Chesterfeild or his Assignes in Leiu and Satisfaction of all Fifth parte of his estate And that the said Five pounds per weeke bee charged upon Goldsmithe Hall, And that the Commissioners for Compounding bee and are hereby Autho- rised and required to give warrant to the Treasurers of that Receipt to make payment thereof accordingly And the acquittance and acquittances of the said Phillipp Earle of Chesterfeild or his Assignes Testifieing the receipt thereof shalbe their sufficient discharge in that behalfe. HEN : SCOBELL, Cler. Parliament. By the Commissioners for Compounding octavo die Apri’, 1651 In pursuance of the order of Parliament above written it is ordered that the Treasurers at Goldsmithe Hall doe pay unto the said Phillipp E. of C. in Lieu & Sattisfaction of all Fifth part of his Estate the Sum of Five poundes per weeke with the Arreares thereof And these together with the Acquittance or Acquittances of the said E. or his Assignes acknowledgeing the receipte thereof shalbe to the said Treasurers a sufficient warrant in that behalf. Epw: WINSLON Jo: RUSSELL Jo: DERMAN Ric: Moore. OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. III By the Commissioners for Compoundinge 9° April 1651 Gent’. Wee desire you to take notice that the Parliament have granted five pounds per weeke to be paid out of our Treasury to the Earle of Chesterfeild in lieu of his fifth part & therefore you are not to pay any fifth part to the said Earle’s wife or children or to or for theire use. Wee remaine Yo" affectionate freinds *Jo: BERNERS +Sam: Moyer Ric. Moore tEpw : WINSLow For the Commissioners for sequestrations in the County of Derby sitting at Derby these for the service of the Comon-wealth. By the Commissioners for Compoundinge &c 6 May 1651 Gent. Wee desire that you forthwith certifie unto us the true yearly value of the Estate of the Earle of Chesterfeild in your County Wee remayne Your affectionate freinds Jo: BERNERS SaM: Moyer Ric: Moore Epw: WINSLow [Rough copy of reply at foot] Gent. According to your order of the vj™ instant concerning the yearely value of the Earle of Chesterfeilds estate in this county we doe hereby certefie that the said Earles estate in this county is * Josias Berners was one of the Council of State in 1659. He subscribed a letter with nine others to General Monk thanking him for his great service to the Commonwealth, and their own resolution to stand and fall with him in defence thereof ; he was also of the Rump Parliament who agreed to settle the King’s lands at Hampton upon Richard Cromwell. + Samuel Moyer was member for London and of Barebones Parliament ; he was one of the Council of State in 1653. ~ Edward Winslow was an arbitrator of the differences about the ships left by the Danes in 1653, vide Heath’s Chronicle, p. 357. PLZ SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES 1631s. 11d. per annum over & above 4s. yearely paid forth of the rectory of Sawly to the Bishop & now purchased by Mr. Hallowes a member of the Parliament for this County and allowed by your order for one yeare from the 25 of March last past let for 1426s. cleare over & besides all taxes & other out rents. By Your humble servants Derby May 12° 1651 By the Commissioners for Compoundinge &c 29 May 1651 Upon the petition of Alexander Stanhope youngest sonne of Phillip Earle of Chesterfeild (a coppy whereof is hereunto annexed and attested by our Register, It is ordered that it be referred to the Commissioners for sequestrations in the County of Derby to peruse & examine the matter of the said petition with witnesses on oath touching the Deeds therein mentioned & certifie the true state of the case with the proofes & what other they know touchinge the premises to us sealed upp within three weekes after notice thereof And it is referred to Mr. Readinge to state & report the case to us. Epw : WINSLOW Jo: BERNERS WiLLm MOoLiIns Ric: Moore. Rec: July 17° 1651. To the Hon” Committee at Goldsmyther Hall The humble petition of Alexander Stanhoppe* youngest sonne of Phillipp Earle of Chesterfield Sheweth That your petitioner’s said Father the vj" day of Aprill in- the xij™ yeare of the late King Charles did for the provision education & mayntenance of your petitioner demise unto * Alexander Stanhope was the only surviving son of the first Earl of Chesterfield by Anne his second wife, and was in his 17th year at the date of this petition. After the Restoration, he was Gentleman Usher to the Queen, and subsequently, by William III., was appointed successively Ambassador to Spain and to the Low Countries. He died in 1707 ; his eldest son, James, was the first Earl Stanhope. OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. i113 Thomas Packington William Paryter Richard Evans & Ed- ward Burton all those 3 inclosed groundes called the 3 padocks parcells of the Mannor of Horsley in the County of Derby, & all those now inclosed groundes lately severed from Horsley Parke there divided into two Inclosures, & one house or tenement in the tenure of Robert Swayne two barnes & all other build- ings standing on the premises under the rent in the said lease mentioned, The benefitt of which lease was intended & declared as well by the sayd Earle your Petitioners Father as by the sayd Trustees to be to the use of your Petitioner, as by the syd Lease & declaration under their hands & seales appeareth. The Premises appearing to bee & really & bona fide for your Petitioners provision education & lyvelyhood as is afore- sayd, The Petitioner humbly prayeth the said Deeds may bee allowed, notwythstanding any sequestration of his sayd Fathers estate, & that he may receive the rents yssues & profittes of the premisses henceforth during the said lease and the Arreares due by virtue thereof, the petitioner having nothing else for his mayntenance education & subsistence Thus he shall daily pray etc ALEXANDER STANHOPE. Copia vera ex® T Bayley. Depositions of witnesses taken the July. iij° 1651 before R. M. & G. B. commissioners of Sequestrations for the county of Derbyshire by vertue of an order In the Ho: of Commons for Compounding ete the 29 of May 1651 upon the petition of Alexander youngest sonne of P. E. of Chesterfeilde. Henry Harris of Droitwich in the county of Worcester gent aged 58 or thereabouts maketh oath that he did see the deed now shewed unto him bearing date 18 April 1645 sealed and delivered by Tho Packington & to his best remembrance it is about 11 yeares since but is Certayne it was a litle befor the war broke forth but knows nothing of the reasons nor anything of the uses 8 114 SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES only his hand is thereunto subscribed as a wittnesse & is his owne hand writeing. a y ENRIE HarRIs. George Savage of Dodder Hill in the county of Worcester gent aged 68 or thereabouts upon his oath saith he saw Mr. Tho Packington seale & as his act & deed deliver the deed now shewn unto him dated 18th April 1645, & to his best remembrance it was sealed a little before the war broke forth, and his name there- unto subscribed is his proper hand writeing. GEORGE SAVAGE. W™ Bennett of Bretby in the county of Derby gent aged about 58 upon his oath saith he did see the E. of Chesterfeild W™ Pargiter Richard Evans & Ed. Barton seale and deliver the deed now shown unto him dated 10 Apr 1645 but knows not the tyme of the sealinge and deliveringe but remembers it was sealed before the said E. was prisoner or the Close taken at Litchfeild and thinks it was about 3 months before the taking of the sayd Close but knows nothing of the uses. And also did see the E. of C. seale and deliver the deed now shown him bearing date 16 April 1645 & thinks that was sealed at the same tyme as the other was sealed WILLIAM BENNETT. [Rough copy of reply appended to the Depositions. ] Gent. In observance to your,order of the 29 of May last which we received the 17° July, upon the petition of Alexander Stanhope youngest sonne of the Right Hon? Phillip Earle of Chesterfeild wee have herewith sent you the depositions that such witnesses as have been produced for the proofe that the deed and lease in the petition mentioned and know nothing farther touchinge the premises save only that by the deed of the 16 Apr. purporting a power in the said Earle to make leases reserving the old rents is covenanted that 30° reserved upon this lease with the residue that the said Mannor will make up 3007 per annum over and above i r — OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. i15 reprises. Whereas the whole Mannor is not above 300 / per annum upon the present rents without rebatement & the lands now claymed are sett at 82 // this present yeare. So remayne Your humble servants. Derby Aug: 2° 1651 Worthy S™ My Lord desires to bee very kindly remembered to you & to Captaine Millers. I have sent you here a copie of ye order, for the Treasurers of Goldsmiths Hall will not pay the money without a certificate from you & the rest of the Commissioners. You know that wee have had nothing of the Five pounds per weeke since our Lady Day last was Twelve moneths. Robert Swayne or some other in his stead shall wait upon you for a certificate which my Lord intreats both you & the rest of the Commissioners to send under your hands of the truth of the businesse that may sattisfie the Treasurers att Goldsmiths hall. My Lord intreats you it may bee sent the next post. Thus with my service to your selfe & Captaine Millers with the returne of my humble thankes for your many favours to mee I rest Your servant WILL” GYLEs. 1° July 1651 To the right wor" and his much honoured friend Jarvis Bennett Esq att Derbie these present, or in his absence to Captaine Millers Darbie. [Draft of reply follows on the letter.] Gent Att the instance of the agente for the Earle of Chesterfeld we do hereby Certefie that since our enterance there hath no five pounds per weeke nor any part thereof beene paid to the said Earle but all fifth parte of his Estate hath beene dewly paid as the same half became due & it was paid the 15° of March last, & of the remainder of the rents then due being 484 Z is part of the money paid in unto you since by Your humble servante. July 7° 1651. 116 SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES By the Commissioners for Compounding etc 9° Aprilis 1652 Upon the petition of Phillip Lord Stanhope* only sone and heire of Henry Lord Stanhope deceased (a copy whereof is here- unto annexed & attested by our Register). It is ordered that it be referred to the Commissioners for Sequestrations in the severall Countyes of Darby & Leicester to peruse the sayd petition & examine the matter & contents thereof with witnesses on oath for proofe of the petitioners deed whereby he claymes the premises mentioned in the sayd petition & certifie the true state of the case & proofes with the cause & tyme of Sequestration & from whom the said premises were first sequestrated & what else they know materiall in the businesse to us sealed upp with all convenient speed. And it is referred to M" Readinge to Examine the peti- tioners tytle & state & report the case to us. Epw: WINSLow Ja: RUSSELL WiLL” Mo Lins Ric : MoorE To the Honor! Comte for Compounding etc The humble petition of Phillip Lord Stanhope only sonne & heire of Henry Lord Stanhope deceased Sheweth That the Mannor & Soake of Sawly with the appurtenances in the County of Darby & Leicester upon good and valuable considerations was sold by Phillip Earle of Chesterfeild unto Henry Lord Stanhope your pet: father dec4 as by Deed inrolled dated 14 June 1633 will appeare & your pet: sayd father enjoyed the same untill the tyme of his death. That your petitioner being an Infant at the tyme of his death Phillipp E. of C. his grandfather through y* neglect of your petitioner’s mother his Guardian re-entered uppon the sayd Mannor by reason whereof since the late warrs the same hath beene sequestrated as belonging to your pet: grandfather for his delinquency, That * Henry Lord Stanhope, eldest son of the first Earl of Chesterfield, died in 1634. His only surviving son, by Catherine, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Thomas Lord Wotton, was Philip, this petitioner, who succeeded his grand- father in the earldom, and died in 1713. OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. 117 your pet: having noe present meanes of subsistence some of his friends very lately made enquiry into y* former settlement made by his Grandfather uppon his deceased Father & upon search found the sayd Deed of bargaine & Sale of the sayd Mannor unto your pet: Father. Your pet: therefore humbly prayes that his tytle to the sayd Mannor & appurtenances may be referred to your councell to be stated and reported to your honors for your judgment therein. And he shall pray etc PHILLIPP STANHOPE. Copied vera ex Jo: Leech. Deposisons of wittnesses taken before R. M. and G. B. comissioners etc by vertue of an order from the Honorable the comissioners for Compounding etc of the 9** instant in the case of Phillip Lord Stanhope touching his clayme to the Mannor of Sawly and the soake now void or sequestrated for the Delinquencye of phillip earle of Chesterfeild. Taken at Derby the 16" of Aprill, 1652. Magdalen Greene of Long Eaton in the County of Derby, widow upon her oath saith that William Greene her late husband deceased was sarvant to Henry Lord Stanhope the peticoner’s father and did receive the rents of Sawly and the Soake for about the space of two yeares before the said Henry died wich is about 17 years since and saith she hath heard her husband say that he has disbursed of the said Lord Henry money about building and repairing the Mills and house at Sawly about 15005 and conceived the peticoner was about a yeare old when ye Lord Henry his father dyed And this deponant further saith that immediately after the death of the said Lord Henry the new Earle of Chesterfield did enter upon the said mannor of Sawly & the soake & enjoyed the said untill the tymes of sequestration, & this deponent’s late husband was imployed as Baylife under him, and this deponent further saith that the name W™ Greene 118 SEQUESTRATION OF DERBYSHIRE ESTATES endorsed as a witness on the backside of the deed now showed unto her bearing date the 14 day of June in the 9° yeare of the late King Charles & made betweene the right Hon: Phill: Earle of Chesterfeild of the one part & Hen. Lord Stanhope soone & heire apparant of the said Earle of the other part she verily believes is the proper handwriting of the said W™ Greene her late husband deceased. MAGDLENE GREENE. [Richard Pearson, Robert Trowell, and Joseph Pym, all husbandmen of Draycote, bear witness to the same effect ; Timothy Levinge, clerk of the peace, testifies to the genuineness of the signature of his father as witness to the deed between the Earl and his son Henry. ] Robert Benett of Derby in y* County of Derby yeoman aged thirty-seaven yeares or thereabout sworne & examined. This deponent sayeth that hee veryly behelden y* name Thomas Levinge subscribed to y® deed now showed unto him att y® tyme of his examination dated y* 14 day of June in the gt yeare of y° late king Charles & made betwixt y* Earle of Chesterfeild of the one part & Henry Lord Stanhope his sonne & heyre of the other part was his the said Thomas Levinges own handwriting & the Indorsement upon y* same deed purporting an Inrollment of ye sayd deed was all of itt ye handwritinge of y* sayd Thomas Levinge, att which tyme & before & after hee this deponent was clerke to y* sayd Thomas Levinge, & did in y® tyme of his service Ingrosse a large deed by way of Inrollment in y* county of Derby & beleeveth this deed to bee the same, and further this deponent remembreth y* sayd Earle of Chesterfeild & y* lord Wootton were mentioned in y® same & certaine lands in Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire were therein contayned which are mentioned in this deed, which Inrollment with many others are lost & not to bee found in y* now Clarke of y* Peaces office in Derbyshire, & this deponent being now Assistant to y® now Clarke of y® Peace [= OF PHILIP, FIRST EARL OF CHESTERFIELD. 119 for Derbyshire having y* Custody of ye Records under him, hath made dilligent search amongst all & cannot finde y® same. Rosert BENETT. Gent. According to y® order the ix. of this instant Aprill in the case of Phillip Lord Stanhope touching his clayme to the mannor of Sawly & the Soake we have herewith sent you the depositions of such witnesses as have been produced before us for the proofe of his sayd clayme & doe farther certifie that the said mannor is sequestred as the lands & for the delinquencie of Phillip Earle of Chesterfeild & hath been under sequestration as the said Earle’s estate since the year 1643. Which is all materiall in the premises that have come to the knowledge of Gent. your humble servants. Derby, Apr. xxo 1652. The Castle of the Peak, and the Pipe Rolls.* By W. H. Sr. Joun Hops, M.A., Assistant Secretary to the Soctely of Antiquaries. Y @ aye Castle of the Peak, as it was anciently called, is @>\) V5 familiar to most people, at least in name, from Sir gx} Walter Scott’s novel, Peveril of the Peak. But alas for the truth of the romance! the novelist’s castle is not the well-nigh impregnable fortress that kept guard over the “ Peaclond,” but the charming medieval house that we know as Haddon Hall. According to Domesday Survey, where the earliest mention of the Peak Castle occurs, at the time of the Norman Conquest, Gernebern and Hundinc held the land of William Peverel’s Castle in Pechefers.t Who Gernebern and Hundine were does not concern us now, neither need we enter into the difficult question of the parentage of Wilham Peverel. Mr. Freeman is content to describe him as ‘“‘a Norman adventurer of unknown origin, who became one of the greatest landowners in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire.” Whoever he was, he certainly stood high in the favour of William the Conqueror, for after the submission of Nottingham in 1068, in the course of the conquest of the North, the king ‘“‘wrought a castle” there, and it was to Peverel’s hand that the command of so important a stronghold was entrusted. * Abstract of a paper read to the members of the Derbyshire Archzological Society, at the Castle of the Peak, on August 13th, 1887. + Terram castelli in pechefers Willelmi Peurel tenuerunt Gernebern et Hundine. Puero-Tiwr PLATE Vit. THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. I21I It was at this time, also, that William granted to Peverel the numerous lordships in Derbyshire and other counties, which constituted what was known as the Honor of Peverel. Included in this, was the land where William Peverel erected his Castle of the Peak. On the south side of the vale of Hope, close to where Mam Tor raises its ever-crumbling head, is a height of less elevation than most of those around it, but one nevertheless of singular natural strength. Its west side is a frightful precipice, at whose foot is the yawning mouth of the great cavern called the Devil’s Hole. The south side, if it be not so precipitous, is equally inaccessible ; whilst the end and side towards the valley are sufficiently steep to render the ascent toilsome and the attack difficult. It was on the top of this strong position that William Peverel built his castle. The term castle, it must be remembered, does not mean the later tower erected on the highest point, but is the usual term for any fortified position, and, therefore, refers to the whole area within the walls. The Conqueror and his barons appear to have employed two classes of castles—one always constructed in masonry, the other very often with only wooden defences. Where a castle was built on an old site, they seem to have contented themselves with repairing the existing works, which were usually of earth, with timber palisading on the top, and with an external ditch. If, as was often the case, these earthworks included a mound, it was fortified with a shell or circular keep of masonry. The Jatter work, however, was fre- quently postponed, and wooden defences temporarily set up. When, on the other hand, as was the case here, the castle was built on a new site, masonry was employed for the outer works, and a rectangular keep built where necessary. It was the policy of the Conqueror, on obtaining possession of a district, to fortify such strong places as might be essential to hold it. This was done either by the king himself, as at Nottingham and elsewhere, or the barons to whom the lands were allotted were allowed to do so for the security of their new possessions. 122 THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. Thus it came to pass that William Peverel built his Castle of the Peak, apparently on an entirely new site, as there are no signs of earlier works. It was, however, a building of a purely military character, intended to shelter only a small garrison, and probably consisted merely of a curtain wall of stone round the top of the hill, with lodgings within for the defenders. On Peverel’s death, which took place about r1z4, all his vast possessions passed to his son, William Peverel the younger. What was done to the Castle of the Peak during the latter’s tenure is not known. In 1115, according to Matthew Paris and Ralph de Diceto, Peverel was disinherited by the king for poisoning Ranulph earl of Chester, and all his estates and possessions were forfeited to the Crown. From this date the history of the Castle of the Peak may be easily followed from the entries relating to it on the Pipe Rolls. The first undoubted entry relating to it is in the 3rd of Henry II. (1157)— That is “in payment of 2 watchmen and the porter of the Peak, £4 105.” This annual charge continues for a long series of years, even after the castle had been strengthened by the addition of the keep and other works. In the same year (1157) the king himself was at the Castle of the Peak, where he received the submission of Malcolm, King of Scotland. The sheriff's expenses are duly entered on the Pipe Roll— In adquietatione Corredii Regis apud Pech per Nigellum de Broc. x. ti. et xvid. Et in adquietatione Corredii Regis Scotie de Notingheham et de Pech. Xxxvii.ti. et xiis. et ilid. per breve Regis. Et in Soltis pro vino apud Pech Ixxiis. per breve Regis. In plain English, the king’s board and lodging cost £10 1s. 4d. ; that of the king of Scotland here and at Nottingham cost 437 12s. 3d. ; and the bill for the wine provided for the occasion at the Peak castle was 72s. ye THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. 123 The king appears to have been here again in the following year (1158), for the sheriff enters on the Pipe Roll a charge of £36 5s. “In corredium Regis apud Pech.” In 1164 the Castle of the Peak was a third time visited by the king, his expenses being returned to the sheriff as £8 8s. 2d. No specific notice of the castle occurs until 19 Henry II. (1173). In that year the rising of the barons necessitated strong measures being taken by the king, and the royal castles gener- ally were ordered to be provisioned and garrisoned. Such a chain of fortresses as the Castles of the Peak, Bolsover, and Nottingham were of course duly strengthened and garrisoned, and the cost entered on the Pipe Roll, but the charges are not always separately given for each castle. The items are as follows :— In the provisioning of the Castle of the Peak: for 20 seams* of corn, 50s. 6d.; for 20 bacons, 39s. Twenty knights received for 20 days £20, or the unusually high rate of pay of 1s. a day per man. On the works of the castles of the Peak and Bolsover were spent sums of gos., £46 1os., and £41 tos. 3d., or £90 in all, and the payments of the knights and servants at Nottingham, Bolsover, and the Peak amounted to £135. The Pipe Roll for the following year, 20 Henry II. (1174), contains further entries of a similar kind. £70 was paid to 20 knights and 60 servants at Nottingham, Bolsover, and the Peak, and a further sum of £24 was laid out on the works at the Peak and Bolsover. The original entries for these two years are as follows :— 19 Henry II. In warnisione Castelli de Pech pro xx, summis frumenti Is. et vj¢. Et pro xx. Baconibus xxxixs. per breve Ricardi de Luci. Et xx. militibus xx. tide liberatione xx. dierum per breve Ricardi de Luci. de quibus xvij. libras sunt de firma comitatus. In liberatione militum et servientium de Bolesoura et de Pech xx. ti per breve Regis quod continet numerum et terminum eorundem militum et ser- vientium. * A seam is eight bushels. 124 THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. Et Reginaldo de Luci xls. ad faciendum operat’ Castellorum Regis de Bolesoura et de Pech per breve Ricardi de Luci quod habuit de liberatione ipsius Reginaldi. . Et In liberatione ij. vigilum et j. portarij de Pech xlvs. de dimidio anno. Et Reginaldo de lucy xlvj. ti et xs. ad faciendum operat’ Castellorum Regis de Bolesoura et de Pech per breve Ricardi de Luci. Et in operat’ Castellorum de Bolesoura et de Pech xlj. ti et xs. et iijd. per breve Regis et per visum Roberti Avenelliet Roberti de Hopa et Serlonis de Pleseleia et Gervasii Avenelli. Et In liberatione militum et servientium de Notingham et de Bolesoura et de Pech c. et xxxv. ti per breve Regis quod continet numerum et terminum eorundem militum et servientium. 20 Henry II. Et Reginaldo de Luci xxv. ti ad faciendum prest’ xx. militum et lx. servientium ped residentibus in castellis Regis de Notingeham et de Bolesoura et de Pech per breve Ricardi de Luci. Et Item eidem Reginaldo xxv. ti ad faciendum prest’ eisdem militibus et eisdem servientibus in eisdem castellis per breve Ricardi de Luci. Et In liberatione ij. vigilum et j. Portarij de Pech iiii. ti et xs. Et In Operat’ Castellorum de Pech et de Bolesoura xxiiij. ti per breve Regis et per visum Roberti Avenelli et Serlonis de Pleseleia. What these works were is uncertain. With Bolsover we are not now concerned, but the outlay on the castle of the Peak was perhaps for re-building and strengthening, where necessary, the curtain wall built by Peverel and its immediate defences, such as the gate-houses, etc. ; In 1175 a chamber was constructed in the Castle of the Peak at acost of £4 17s., under the superintendence of Robert Avenel and Serlo de Pleasley. The Pipe Roll for the next year, 22 Henry II. (1176), brings us to an entry of great interest, namely, that which records the building of the keep, or Tower, as it is called. Et In Operatione Turris in Castello de Pech c. et xxxv. ti per breve Regis et per visum Roberti de Hoppa et Warini filii Roberti et Willelmi Avenelli et Gervasii Avenelli et Roberii de Herthil. The cost was £135, equivalent to at least £3,000 of our money. A further sum of £49 was spent the following year (1177) on the works of the castle, which was apparently then completed, as no entries of importance occur on the Pipe Rolls THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. 125 during at least the next twenty years, beyond the usual annual charge of £4 10s. for the two watchmen and the porter. The later Rolls I have not yet been able to examine. The Rev. C. H. Hartshorne, in his excellent paper on the castle in the Archzological Journal (Vol. v.) for 1850, quotes sundry other items of a later day for works on the castle, generally of small amount, the only large sums being £12 9s. 1d., £24 5s. 7d., and 443 5s- 4d., in the 4th, 7th, and 13th years of John respectively. Owing to the destruction of all the works within the curtain wall except the great tower, it is difficult to say upon what these sums were laid out.* It only remains for me at the present time to say a brief word * With regard to the historical evidence of this or any other building, it is absolutely necessary to consult original records, and not trust to print. In reading Mr. Hartshorne’s paper, I was desirous of knowing the precise text of some of the entries quoted. The only way to do this was to examine the original Pipe Rolls at the Public Record Office. I then found that Mr. Hart- shorne had overlooked, among other items of less moment, the very important entry on the Roll for 1176, which records the building of the keep and the cost of the work, facts that we now know for tho first time. 126 THE CASTLE OF THE PEAK, AND THE PIPE ROLLS. or two as to the character of the remains of the Peak fortress now extant, so far as they illustrate the outline history just given. On the top of the hill on which it stands is an irregular area, measuring roughly about 220 feet in length from east to west, and 100 feet and 60 feet in width at the west and east ends respec- tively. This area is enclosed by a curtain wall of masonry. The wall on the west, crowning the precipice, deserves close attention. At several points its masonry will be seen to be formed of rude courses of herring-bone work. There can be little doubt that we have here a portion of the castle built by William Peverel shortly after 1068. If this be really the case, Derbyshire may lay claim to possess one of the earliest military works executed in this country after the advent of the Norman William. On the highest point within the area stands the keep, or great Tower. It is a characteristic late Norman rectangular keep, about 6oft. high, and measuring 21ft. 34in. by roft. 2in. internally, with walls 8ft. thick. It has unfortunately been robbed of much of its ashlar facing, especially on the north and east sides. The basement is much choked up with rubbish. _— en . 127) Notes on fFenny Bentley Chureh,* By ALBERT HARTSHORNE, F.S.A. Ra ery N consequence of the thorough restoration which Bentley Church has undergone, it will be at once understood that there is very little to say about ancient architecture inside the building. It consists, at the present day, of a nave of three bays, with an arcade opening into a north aisle, and a chancel of two more bays, opening into a chapel, now screened off and used as an organ chamber and vestry, and a short sacrarium. There is no chancel arch, and the whole length of the church is roofed straight through from end to end. In the darkness it might be taken at first glance to be an old roof, but from the style it is apparently all modern. The arcades and north aisle and tower are new entirely, and there appears to be no evidence remaining to show whether they follow ancient lines, though it may perhaps be taken for granted that at least the chancel arcade occupies ancient foundations. The chief object inside the church is undoubtedly the rood screen, which has fortunately retained its loft with the carved wooden groinings supporting it. The original front, which would have been a panelled railing about three feet high, is now represented by a cresting. The date of this piece of carpentry is about 1460. Whether the screen has originally been painted and decorated, after the fashion of the examples in East Anglia, is an open question ; at any rate, it has been unfortunately varnished in * Read at Fenny Bentley Church, July 21, 1888. 128 NOTES ON FENNY BENTLEY CHURCH. modern and evil times, a fatal treatment of woodwork, old or modern. The next object in importance is the alabaster altar tomb of Thomas Beresford and his wife, who died respectively in 1473 and 1467. This is a remarkable memorial in more ways than one. It commemorates a distinguished warrior, who fought at Agincourt, and rendered much service to Henry VI. during his wars in France, and for whom he is said to have raised a troop of horse from his own and his sons’ retainers, which he mustered at Chesterfield. He was the first of the Beresfords who settled at Bentley, and either he or his immediate successor built the ancient hall, part of which is still standing, in the form of a low castellated tower, now incorporated with later buildings, and occupied as a farm house. This is seen on the right hand, below the church, on the road from Ashbourne to Bentley. It was not an unusual thing for a monument to be set up during the lifetime of the person commemorated, but it is very unusual that such a record should be made so many years after his death. It was impossible for the sculptor to give, from personal knowledge, a likeness of the deceased soldier and his wife, his armour, or her costume, and from the state of the arts at the time there would have been no portrait to follow, save such as might have been introduced into a specially illuminated book, not perhaps available. So the ‘‘marbler” very wisely chose to represent his subjects inhabits which he well knew they must have worn, their last earthly garb—their shrouds. In the Middle Ages the common people were buried without coffins, and only in their shrouds drawn together and tied above the head and below the feet. The higher classes were buried in coffins of stone or wood, the bodies in earlier times being salted and wrapped in leather; later, the dead carcass was embalmed and covered with cere cloth—‘‘ cered, and chested.” The simple fashion of burying in a shroud only, tied like the Bentley examples, was continued for the lower orders until the time of Charles II., when the enactments concerning burial in woollen cloth somewhat altered the mode of laying out. These unchested bodies necessitated ai NOTES ON FENNY BENTLEY CHURCH. 129 the use of a bier for carrying the body to the grave’s actual side, and the early interment after death of uncoffined corpses. The gradual growth of a tomb, from the stone coffin level with the pavement and the effigy carved on the lid, to the high altar tomb with, or without an effigy, is very interesting. Up to the end of the fifteenth century, the bodies of important persons were laid above ground, within the altar tomb, but it was a practice that was attended with much inconvenience, and was entirely abandoned before the middle of the sixteenth century. The altar-tomb now became a cenotaph, and it is a cenotaph and not a tomb which forms the monument of Thomas Beresford and his wife. Ifthe tomb stands in its original place, it is most likely immediately over the grave, and no doubt Thomas Beres- ford and his wife were tied up just as the effigies represent them, and placed in the earth in stone coffins, or, as was sometimes the case, in tombs built up with sides of stone, with a bed of sand beneath, for the more rapid consumption of the remains. As to the effigies themselves, they are carved in alabaster, and the human form is well expressed beneath the shroud, and showing the— ‘* Hands in resignation pressed, Palm to palm on the tranquil breast.” They are probably the work of an Italian. Along the verge of the upper slab is a very interesting series of military trophies, which sufficiently give the date of the erection of the monument, and which, from these evidences, must be about 1550. Taking them in their order from the north-west corner, we have in succession :—Cross trumpets, a standard, a combed morion, a drum, cross partizans, a targe, an armet, cross gauntlets, cross batons, a cabasset, a back piece, a breast piece, a shield, a sword crossed with a falchion, and a casque. These are strung or carried on a flat cord or band, with ties or bows at intervals, and are all forms of military equipment well known to antiquaries who are acquainted with Burgmaier’s ‘‘ Triumph of Maximilian,” or who have paid attention to the armour of the time of Henry VIII. The series of twenty-one children, all clad 9 T30 NOTES ON FENNY BENTLEY CHURCH. in shrouds, and incised in the panels of the tomb, are very un- usual, both in number and for treatment. There are other Beresford monuments fixed on the north and south walls of the chancel. They have some merit. The screen dividing the vestry from the north aisle has probably formed part of a parclose; some of its component portions are old. The ends of the modern sedilia are those of choir-stalls of about 1450; the tops, or ‘‘ poppy-heads,” have been cut off. The seat at the end of the church under the tower is partly made out of a nave seat frontlet of the same period. The font is rude work, and may be of almost any date before the Reformation, though it probably is not earlier than 1450; and the same remark applies to the chest close by it. The modern paving speaks loudly enough for itself, and it is the less bearable because we know it replaces a most valuable and interesting ancient tile floor, replete with the reliable history that heraldry gives.* The stone-roofed porch should be noticed, and immediately facing it, in the churchyard, is a good example of an out-door panelled altar-tomb. It is much sunk and hidden in the grass. It is of about the date of 1480. Precisely similar examples may be seen in the churchyards of Thrapstone and Newland. The only other features outside that call for the attention of anti- quaries are the windows at the east end and the south side of the church. The east window is old, with strange, straggling tracery; perhaps some of the original upper work is missing. Of the three windows on the south side, the first to the east and the second are good Late Decorated work, and the third, though different in style, is apparently not much so in date; perhaps, like the * Mr. F. J. Robinson has been kind enough to bring under my notice, since the above paper was read, some drawings of this pavement made by him- self many years ago. These show a border of tiles in sets of four, laid square, with geometric patterns, and enclosing a space of plain tiles set in lozenge, and each alternate row containing tiles with shields, in the following order :—(1) Three crosses botonée ‘fitchée, in chief two mullets of six points pierced ; (2) a lion passant to the sinister ; (3) the See of Lichfield (counter- changed per bend sinister); (4) a rose; (5) a cross fimbriated. Evidently Nos. 2 and 3 are reversed by the tile maker. NOTES ON FENNY BENTLEY CHURCH. 131 chancel window, it is a few years earlier than the others. All of them are very coarse work, even for Derbyshire, and one cannot apply with strictness the same rules as to dates of architecture in this county which are such certain guides in the valley of the Nene, for instance. Perhaps 1360 would not be far off the date of these windows. The extreme coarseness of their details, a quality so usual in Derbyshire, and the absence of the distinctive mouldings which are so usual in Northamptonshire, somewhat hamper the inquirers who are accustomed to the works of a more polished school. 132 Melbourne Casile and Park. By W. DasHwoop FANE. Ministers’ Accounts (formerly preserved in the Savoy Chapel, but now in the Public Record Office in London) - relate to the ancient Castle and Park of Melbourne in Derbyshire. The Castle stood at the eastern side of the town, opposite to the end of Potter Street (a street so called in an existing deed of 5 Henry VIII.). Remains of the Castle are still visible in a ruinous wall, formerly of great thickness, standing on the southern verge of the “Castle Farm” yard, and in the semi-circular base of a turret recently unearthed in the garden of “Castle Cottage.” About five years ago considerable foundation walls were un- covered (and covered again) in many parts of the garden which lies between that ruinous wall and that turret, now the property of Lord Donington. The Manor of Melbourne (“ Mileburne”) is described in the Domesday Record as belonging to the King. The Rectory of Melbourne was annexed to the Bishopric of Carlisle at or soon after the creation of that See in a.D. 1132. In the Itinerary of King John, compiled by the late Sir Thomas Duffus Hardy, it appears that that monarch lay at Mel- bourne at five different times during his reign. Whether the place of his abode was a royal mansion, or the Rectory-house, is uncertain. The King long kept the Bishopric of Carlisle vacant, and the Rectory-house of Melbourne was at his disposal. In the Calendar of Close Letters (page 51) is an order of King John in A.D. 1205 that 40 tuns of wine be conveyed from Bristol MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. 133 to Nottingham, of which two tuns were to be conveyed from Nottingham to Melbourne. In a.v. 1206 (page 936) he ordered 9 marcs to be paid for three casks of wine bought to be used by him at Melbourne. In these records there is no mention of a Castle at Melbourne. Nor is there any mention of a Castle in the grant, A.D. 1259, of the Manor of Melbourne by King Henry III. to Simon de Montfort Earl of Leicester and Eleanor his wife, “sister of the King.” (Calendar of Patent Rolls, p. 31, and Calendar of Charter Rolls, p. 88.) In the Inquisition after the death of Edmund Earl of Lancaster and Leicester ‘‘ Brother of the King” (Edward I.), a.v. 1297, mention is made of the Manor of Melbourne, but not of a Castle there, (Cal. Inquis. post Mortem, vol. 1, p- 136, No. 51.) His son and successor, Thomas Earl of Lancaster and Leicester, appears to have granted to his adherent, Robert de Holland, the Manor of Melbourne and a “ mansus” there ; for in A.D. 13114 Robert de Holland obtained from King Edward II. letters patent of license to “ kernellate ” his ‘‘ mansus” of Melbourne. (Cal. Rot. Pat., p. 72, No. 4.) Robert de Holland’s possession of the Manor of Melbourne was confirmed by King Edward II., a.p. 1326. (Cal. of Charter Rolls, p. 140.) This is perhaps the origin of what was thereafter known as Melbourne Castle. Probably it was not erected as a place of strength, but was a nobleman’s mansion converted into a place of strength. Accordingly, the first mention in the Public Records of the Castle of Melbourne appears to be in the Inquisition taken 1 Edward III., a.p. 1327, of the possessions of Thomas Earl of Lancaster and Leicester, who had been beheaded at Pontefract in A.D. 1321. (Cal. Inquis. post Mortem, vol. 2, p. 8.) This was preliminary to the transfer of those possessions to his younger brother, Henry, with the Earldoms of Lancaster and Leicester, in the first Parliament of King Edward III. ; which Henry was succeeded by his son Henry, created Duke of Lancaster, 23 Edward III. In 1361, Henry Duke of Lancaster died; and in the Inquisition taken after his death, Melbourne Castle is specified 134 MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. among his possessions. From him it passed to his daughter Blanche, and her husband, John of Gaunt, Earl of Richmond, who was created Duke of Lancaster by his father, King Edward Die PASD rss: Upon John of Gaunt’s son becoming King Henry IV., the Dukedom of Lancaster was erected by Act of Parliament into a Principality, separate from the Crown, and thenceforth the Manor and Castle of Melbourne became “parcel of the Duchy of Lancaster.” Of the formation of the Park of Melbourne there does not appear to be any trace in the Public Records. The ordinary license from the Crown to authorise a subject to inclose a park was not necessary, as the park was formed in the King’s own demesne. The limits of the Park are well marked by the bank (formerly carrying a paling) which is still conspicuous in the ground, and is defined on the recent Ordnance Survey with a circuit of 3% miles. It occupied the south-eastern portion of the parish of Melbourne, and is now divided into fields, in the occupancy of three tenants of Earl Cowper. The farm-house and buildings now known as Park Farm, were formerly called Lodge Farm, and occupy the site of the “ Lodge” mentioned in the “* Minister's Accounts.” Near it are grounds, designated in an old map “ Queen’s Garden” and “ Queen’s Walk,” perhaps from Melbourne Manor having been part of the dower of Katharine, widow of King Henry V., the Queen referred to in the latter part of the extract from Minister’s Account, No. 6174, and who died 3 January, 1437-8. Duchy of Lancaster. Ministers’ Accounts. Extracts (extended). A.D. No. 6,149.) Compotus Petri de Melborne Constabularii 1392-3. Melborne! Castri ibidem a festo Sci Michaelis Arch- angeli anno regni Regis Ricardi Secundi post conquestum xvj usque idem festum proximum sequens anno ejusdem Regis xvij per unum annum integrum. MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK, 135 Firme Piscarie ) De xviij s. receptis de firma piscarie de Trent per ee hoc anno Et de ij s. de incremento ejusdem firme hoc anno Et de xviij ¢@ de piscaria de Karebrok dimissis Johanni Warner ad terminum xx annorum hoc anno xx™ et ultimo . = e Custus Castri } Et in stipendio ij hominum serrancium maremium pro bordis faciendis pro ariis camerarum bordandis per unam septimanam iiij s. iiij d. Et stipendio [ij hominum] per unam septimanam capiencium inter se ilij s. vj d. faciendo diversas fenestras in communi aula et magna camera ibidem iiijs. vjd. Et in stipendio [unius hominis] operantis ibidem in eodem opere per duas septimanas viz usque xilj diem Octobris iiijs. viij d. Et in M D sclatis emptis pro coopertura unius . . . . bachous infra castrum iiij s. ij@. Et in cariagio eorundem per ij carectas de Swytheland usque Melborne vijs.vj@. Etin C CC dimidium Lattenayle emptis pro eodem vijd. Et in xl spykynges pro eodem opere 1j@.__‘ Et in iiij quarteriis calceti emptis pro eodem opere et aliis operibus apud Damhed. ad vjd—ijs. Et in i carecta zabuli pro eodem ijd. Et incariagio . . . calceti vjd. Et solutum cuidam plumbario removenti telas plumbi et sodanti diversos defectus super diversa loca per xvj dies per diem vjd@ -[viijs] Et in viij libris stanni emptis pro eodem opere ad iij7—ijs Et solutum cuidam tegulatori tegulanti super dictam domum del Bachous . . . xs. vjd@. Et in xx comis pro crestyng ejusdem comi cum ij@. pro cariagio eorundem xxij d. Et in cariagio ij carectarum lapidum pro j brect (?) . . super le Poleshed vj d. Et solutum cuidam cementario facienti dictum brect (?) xij @. Et in xviij copulis vectium ferri infra castrum pro fenestris predictis pendendis cum xvj hamis pretium copuli xiij d.—xix s. vj d. Et in xviij®* grossis clavis quadrato capite emptis pro eadem pretium . . . xijd@. Et in xviij clattes ferri emptis pro eisdem claudendis pretium pecie 1ij @.—iiij s. vjd. Et solutum pro Ixxviij pedibus quadratis vitrei empti pro v. fenestris vitrandis in capella et closetta domini ibidem pretium pedis vj d—xxxixs. Et in c grossis spykyngs emptis pro operatione (?) ariarnm camerarum viij @. Et in ij° bordnaills pro fenestris prediccis viij d. 136 MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. Et in ij° midilspykyngs .emptis pro eodem vjd. Et in stipendio unius cementarii anglice Rygallyng parietes (?) lapideos pro fenestris vitrandis et illos perforantis pro hamis figendis per iij dies xijd. Et solutum . . . _ hominibus findentibus bordas et illas scapulantibus per ij septimanas capientibus per septimanam inter se iijs. vj @. vijs. Etin CC clavis vjd. Et in dimidium C spykyng jd. Et solutum Henrico Wryght operanti ibidem post xiij diem Octobris ut supra per j septimanam jj s. itij @. Et in uno equo conducto de Melborne usque Duffeld pro ijd. Et in v hyrdels emptis pro les flodgates molendini xx d. Et in pergameno empto pro rotulis curie xij d. Summa vj 4. xiijs. vd. * * * * * No. 6150. Compotus Petri de Melborne * * A.D. 1393-4. Custus Parci} Et ijs. iiijd@ solutis pro decima agistamenti parci ibidem hoc anno _ Et in iiij* ix acris j roda nove haie claudende circa parcum ibidem hoc anno acra ad yjd —xliiij s. vij Zz. Etinj carecta conducta ad cariandum ramellos et clausuram pro dicta haia facienda per xxx“ dies capiente per diem xij d—xxx S. Summa _ Ixxvjs xid. Custus Castri} Et solutum cuidam cementario emendanti et reparanti diversos defectus unius pontis ibidem cum serviente suo sibi auxiliante ex convencione in grosso xviijd. Et solutum cuidam homini carianti cum j carecta mailon pro reparatione dicti pontis per iij dies capienti per diem xij Z—iijs. Et in pergameno empto pro officio seneschalli ibidem hoc anno xij d. Summa vs. vd. No. 6154. Compotus Petri de Melborne * | A.D. 1399-1400. Custus Castri} Et solutum uni plumbario emendanti diversos defectus camerarum infra Castrum ex con- vencione secum facta in grosso xviijd. Et solutum eidem pro soudura empta pro iij brect. ibidem emendandis ijd. Et in una carecta argille cariate ad opus predictum jj d@. Summa _ xxijd. MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. 137 Custus Parci} Et in Ixiij acris nove haie facte hoc anno circa parcum ibidem acra ad vj@—xxxjs. vjd. Et in uma carecta cariante ramellos ad dictam haiam per xxviij dies capiente per diem xij 2—xxviij s. Summa lixs. vjd. * * ae Memorandum de yj peciis plumbi precio xx s. provenientibus in manum domini per forisfacturam Roberti Grenesmyth de Bomersale per extractum Johannis Busshy capitalis seneschalli prout notatur in compoto Ballivi Hundredi de Gresley de anno xx° qui quidem Ballivus liberavit constabulario castri de Melborne predictum plumbum pro stauro dicti castri unde remanent predicto constabulario ibidem vj pecie dicte plumbi. No. 6157. Compotus Petri de Melborne * * A.D. 1402-3. Custus Parci} In xlviij acris dimidium nove haie facte hoc anno circa parcum ibidem acra ad vj @—xxiilj s. 1ij d. Et in stipendio unius hominis emendantis diversos defectus haie circa dictum parcum per lij dies capientis per diem iij 2—ixd. Et in stipendio unius carpentarii emendantis diversos defectus logie infra parcum predictum ex convencione in grosso ijs. Et in stipendio unius cementarii emendantis muros_ lapideos dicte logie per j diem—iiij d. Et solutum pro ij carectis de plastro empto ad idem opus xilij d@. Et solutum pro cariagio dicti plastri ex convencione xvj@. Et solutum j plasteri operanti super dictam logiam et emendanti diversos defectus ejusdem ex convencione iiijs. Et soiutum j mulieri portanti aquam ad idem opus per ad comburendum dictum plastrum ijd. Et in stramine empto pro coopertura dicte logie—xxd. Et in cariagio ejusdem—xij 2. Et in stipendio unius tectoris cooperientis dictam logiam—xx d. Et in stipendio j mulieris eidem servientis per’ v dies per diem ij¢—xd. Et in j hurdell empto pro les floodyates molendini ibidem yj @. Summa — xls. iiijd. 138 MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. No. 6159. Compotus Petride Melburne * * A.D. 1404-5. Custus Parci} Solutum j carpentario pro factura ij novarum portarum in parco ibidem ex convencione in grosso vjs. Et in clavis emptis pro predictis portis vd. Et solutum pro j hope j plate j goion iijd. Et solutum j laborario operanti et emendanti diversos defectus infra parcum ilij d. Et in xiiij acris nove haie facte hoc anno acra ad vjd@—vijs. Et solutum pro factura et emendacione capitis stagni infra parcum ibidem jj s. Summa — xyjs. No. 61:63. Compotus Petri de Melbourne. * * Solutum uni plumbario conducto per i1ij A.D. 1409-10. : ; dies pro emendatione castri ibidem capienti Custus Castrl. per diem viij 7.—ijs. viijd. Et solutum uni sibi servienti per idem tempus per diem ilijd@.—xvj@ Et solutum pro ij libris de Tyn emptis ad idem opus viijd. Et solutum ij cementariis emendantibus cameram ibidem per unum diem— xviij d. Et solutum j carpentario et uni tegulatori operantibus ibidem per iij dies—xviiid. : Summa—vij s. vilj d. ; Et in xvij acris novee haie facte circa pareum @ustus Parcel et)... Eb fate! woes : : : : ibidem hoe anno in diversis locis acra ad vj Z feni pro feris ie ; : Ph ke : —viijs. vjd. Et solutum uni carecte carianti in parco. : : ; wear ramellos pro dicta haia facienda per viij dies per diem xijd.—viijs. Et xxjd. in falcacione ilj acrarum prati vocati le Russhes assignati pro feris domini in parco ibidem in yeme et xijd. in herbagio spergendo et feno inde levando et faciendo Et xij@. solutum pro una carecta cariante dictum fenum per unum diem. Et solutum pro pergameno empto pro rotulis curie et compoto hoc anno xij@. Et allocatur eidem ilij s. jxd@. pro feno et pergameno emptis pro anno precedente ibidem omissis et non allocatis prout patet per inspectionem compoti anni precedentis. Summa—xxyj S. MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. 139 No. 61634. Compotus Petri de Melburn. In ij carectis conductis ad cariandum mare- mium de bosco Regis usque molendinum ibidem pro . . . . porti flumiorum ejusdem per uij dies—per diem xijd. viiis. Et in stipendio unius carpentarii conducti ad facienda dicta porti- flumia cum dicto maremio ex convencione in grosso xlvj s. vilj a. ety. TATO-1, Custus Portiflumiorum. Et in iij quarteriis calcis emptis pro emendacione et reparacione eorundem hoc anno ijs: vj@. Et in stipendio unius [cementarii] conducti per iiij dies ad‘ facienda reparanda et emendanda dicta portiflumia per diem yj d. ij s. No. 6165. Compotus Petri de Melburne constabularii A.D. 1415-6. ees : ; : } Castri ibidem a festo Michaelis anno regni Melburne. Regis Henrici filii Regis Henrici tercio usque idem festum ex tunc proximum sequens anno ejusdem Regis quarto per unum annum integrum ** * * * . Solutum pro factura x acrarum nove haie Custus Parci. j in locis defectivis circa dictum parcum acra ad vj@.—vs. Et solutum pro emendatione j haie circa le Spryng ibidem in locis defectivis ex convencione \ in grosso ijs. viijd. Et solutum pro coopertura pontis apud les flodegatis cum petris ex convencione in grosso ]j s. Summa ix s. viij a. Et xxjd. in falcatione iij acrarum prati vocati les Russhes assignati pro feris domini Regis in yeme acra ad vijd. Et xij @. in herbagio spergendo et feno inde levando et faciendo Et xij @. pro una carecta cariante dictum fenum per unum diem Et solutum pro pergameno empto pro rotulis curie hoc anno xij d. Summa iiijs. ix d. Custus feni et pergameni. Et in diversis custubus missis et expensis Custus Castri } factis tam super reparacione murorum castri quam domorum infra castrum ex ordinacione 140 MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. Receptoris et Thome Grysley militis eo quod ordinatum fuit per Regem ut dicebatur quod diversi duces et alii diversi domini Franchie prisonarii ibidem salvo custodirentur sub custodia dicti Thome xlviiis. ij. ut patet per parcellam super hunc compotum examinatam. Summa xlviij s. ij d. No. 6174. Compotus Thome Staunton Constabularii Castri Parcarii ac Collectoris reddituum ibidem et firmarum a festo Sancti Michaelis anno A.D. 1429-30. Melbourne. regni regis Henrici Sexti octavo usque idem festum Sancti Michaelis extunc proximum sequens anno ejusdem Regis nono per unum annum integrum In stipendio unius Carpentarii unam peciam maremii qeurcini scapulantis et squarrantis et eandem peciam in trabem formantis et in quamdam domum (sic) dicti castri loco peru- sitato erigentis et ponentis per convencionem in grosso ijs. ixd. Et in viij 46s. soulduree emptz pro souldacione Tupturarum telarum plumbi ibidem per convencionem in grosso ijs. Et in stipendio unius hominis reparantis et emendantis unam gutteram super coquinam in opere ligneo infra castrum predictum per convencionem in grosso xviijd@. Et in stipendio iiij* hominum per ilij dies mundancium domos et turres castri supradicti de stramine rubiso et aliis nocumentis in eisdem existentibus quolibet capiente per diem iij a@.—iilj s. Summa x5. iij d. Custus Reparacionis domorum et turrium castri. Et in stipendio diversorum laborariorum Custus Clausure ; ; : a succidencium Tynet et cum eodem de novo Parci cum aliis, ) Lone G E ‘ =e faciencium et erigentium XXVllj_ acras nove sepis circa parcum hujus Dominii prout Opus erat pro factura et erectione cujuslibet acre sepis vj @.—xiiijs. Et in stipendio eorundem consimili forma succidencium et cariencium tynet et cum eodem faciencium et erigencium unam sepem circa quamdam clausuram infra dictum parcum pro conservacione 1S A MELBOURNE CASTLE AND PARK. I4I ejusdem per convencionem in grosso iis. ijd. Et in uno Goion predicti apud Quarrecam vjd@. Et in stipendio unius laborarii falcantis ferne et brakes in quadam landa infra parcum pro meliori crescencia herbagii ejusdem habenda per ij dies viijd. Et in stipendio unius hominis per iiij dies succidentis tynet et cum eodem facientis et emendantis sepes cujusdam clausi vocati le Karre prout opus erat capientis per diem iiij d.—xvjd. Ac eciam consimili forma alia vice emendantis et facientis parcellam sepis clausi predicti per convencionem in grosso in toto xxijd. Et in stipendiis Willielmi Rudde et sociorum suorum mundan- cium et escurancium caput stagni predicti parci de luto et mudde pro meliori aqua infra dictum stagnum habenda et conservanda per convencionem in grosso viijs. Et in cariagio duarum carec- tarum maremii quercini per carpentarium inferius succisi et scapulati de boscis Regine vocatis les Outewodes ad predictum stagnum pro reparacione pipe capitis ejusdem xd. Et in stipen- dio duorum sarratorum per unum diem parcellam maremii predicti in bordas et alias pecias maremii aptas ad reparacionem dicte pipe xd. Et in stipendio Willielmi Wryght, carpentarii per viij dies predictum maremium quercinum succidentis scapulantis et squarrantis et cum eodem predictam pipam stagni supradicti in opere ligneo prout opus erat facientis et reparantis capientis per diem vjd.—iiis. Et in falcacione spergicione levacione cariacione et mullionacione iilj carectarum feni ordinati pro feris predicti parci tempore yemali anni futuri pascendis per conven- cionem in grosso iilj s. Summa xxxvjs. xd. NOTES. Maremium—timber. | Serrare—to saw. Zabuli—sand (‘‘ sable” Fr.). Scapulare—to adze. Sodare, soudare—solder. Poleshed—Head of the Pool. Stannum—tin. Rubiso—rubbish ? Comis—ridge tiles ? Tynet—brushwood. Vectium—bolts or bars. Escurancium—scouring-out. Rygallyng—grooving. Mullionacione—stacking. Summagium— a horse load. 142 Receipt Roll of the Peak PFurisdtction of the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield. A.D. 1339. By J. CHartes Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. MONG the muniments of ‘the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield pertaining to their extensive ecclesiastical rights throughout the Peak, is a Receipt Roll of the year 1339, giving in detail all the money received from (1) the small tenants, from (2) the farmers, from (3) pensions, from (4) mills, and from (5) tithes of minerals, corn, and hay. The total amounts to £218 13s. 11d., a very large sum for those days.* In addition to this was the tithe on wool and lambs, which was collected at a different time of the year and entered on another roll. The roll of receipts for 1339 is on a long, narrow piece of parchment, measuring 6ft. 8in. by 8in. in width ; the upper part is much frayed, and in parts illegible. It has, there- fore, been impossible to copy the first receipts that relate to the payments from cottage or garden tenants at Holme, Hope, Tideswell, Brough, and Rowsley; their rents amount to 47 48. 9d. On the back of the roll is the most interesting and somewhat exceptional feature of these 14th century accounts, namely, the Mortuary List for the year. The mortuary fee, which still prevails in some of our parishes for the wealthy deceased,t is a fee * This sum was, however, often exceeded in more prosperous years; in 1306 it amounted to £264 gs. 8d. + Statute 21 Hen. VIII., cap. 6, restrained the amount of mortuaries, and limited them to persons of substance and heads of houses. By 2 and 3 Victoria, cap. 62, the Tithe Commutation Commissioners were empowered to commute them before confirmation of award, ROLL OF THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. 143 altogether distinct from any funeral charge to the rector for breaking the turf of the graveyard, which is technically his free- hold. The mortuary, in its origin, was a gift left by a man at his death to his parish church as a set-off against any personal tithes or offerings that had not been duly paid during his lifetime. By custom, the voluntary and occasional offering became a regular due in most districts, and eventually grew into an impost that was enjoined both by civil* and ecclesiastical law in all parishes where the custom had obtained. The mortuary of the rector was the analogous liability to the heriot of the lord. From being payable to the church, it became in impropriated parishes the absentee rector’s perquisite, unless expressly settled on the vicar by the Ordinatio Vicarit, Hence they were payable throughout the Peak to the official receiver for the Dean and Chapter. These mortuaries came to be considered a charge zz vem rather than 72 fersonam, and hence assumed in most places a claim on the second best beast that the defunct householder had possessed. In some parishes sheep, pigs, geese, poultry, and even hives of bees were thus claimed; and in other places we have found instances in medieval days of household furniture, such as chests, being taken in default of beasts. After comparing this mortuary roll with five or six others of the same century that are extant at Lichfield, it becomes clear that the custom in the Peak was as follows :—Firstly, that the mortuary was levied on every householder and on every house- holder’s wife ; secondly, that it was the (second) best beast that was taken, but the term beast confined to horses and cattle, and in default of a beast that claim was made to the best wearing apparel of the deceased. However much custom might vary, as it did most widely with regard to these death payments, in one particular there was a common use throughout England, namely, that a mortuary of a beast could only be taken where the deceased had possessed three, though not necessarily three of the same kind. Thus, for * Statute of Circumspecte agatis, 13 Edw. I. 144 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF instance, in the Peak, if A. B. died possessed of a horse and a cow, no mortuary on the beast would hold good, and it would simply be levied on his wearing apparel. If A. B. died possessed of a horse, cow, and calf, the church laid claim to the cow, for the first claim or heriot was due to the lord of the manor, and the church only obtained the second best, save from tenants on glebe land or in certain other exceptional cases. The merciful provision of no mortuary beast being taken save when there were three, did therefore secure to the survivor a single beast. It is necessary to bear this in mind in studying the following mortuary roll, for, with this explanation, it affords a remarkable proof of the prosperity of the inhabitants of the Peak in the rg4th century, a prosperity that compares most unfavourably with the cottagers and labourers of the same district of to-day. The death roll for the year 1339 must have been a heavy one, for the 105 names on the mortuary list are exclusive of all children, of sons and daughters not householders, as well as of all servants and lodgers. From thirty-one of these names a cow was the mortuary, proving in each case the possession of at least three cows, or a horse and two cows ; from seventeen others an ox was taken ; from twelve a heifer (juvenca, bovetta); from five a stirk (stirketa) ; and from two a calf. There seems to have been no death this year of a man of substance or position, but in two cases there is amention of horses, once when a white horse was valued at 9s., and again when a colt (pu//um equinum) is named. Very probably, however, as has been already suggested, some of those from whom the church claimed a cow had already yielded up a horse to the lord. In other mortuary lists of the Peak, though not so long as this one, we have found more frequent mention both of the egwws or horse for riding, and of the affrus or small breed of cart horses, which were occasionally used, especially in hilly country, as a substitute for the ox at plough.” With regard to the wearing apparel mentioned in this list, chiefly from the wives of householders, it should be borne in mind that the five or six male householders who yield a mortuary * In a 1379 Mortuary List of the Peak, a horse sold for 30s. THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. 145 of this description, had probably one or two beasts, but not the legal three to make the claim on live stock possible. The gar- ments are chiefly tunics or super-tunics, with a few varieties of cloak ; the terms for the latter are briefly explained in the footnotes. With regard to the value of the “mortuary in this list, it varies remarkably, from 2d. for a worn tunic to 15s. for an ox. The price of the cows varies from 4s. to 8s., and of the ox from 6s. to the outside price of 15s. just named. The tunic varies from 2d. to 3s.. The total value realised by the sale of the mortuaries was £23 5s. 1d. The following is an extended literal transcript of the whole of this roll, with the exception of the almost illegible opening pertaining to the small tenants :— FIRME :— ae: Jacobus Cotterel pro domis et dominicis terre de Tiddeswell ars oh A col SP Ricardus le Tailleur de Haddon =m Sear | Hugo de Birchel _... ded atl sete} Ty Gervasius de Hassop oye set aly “aij Willielmus Rose 336 soe is oe viij Johannes de Calton ... wa srt eae cy Robertus de Burton ... fe ee xttlaey. Wily Agnes Lee, sol’ xij@ deb’ xijZ ... ie reel} Summa xxxjs_ xd PENSIENES :— Sc Capella de Feirfeld ... oe sok ae Ecclesia de Ednesore ne AS ms Ecclesia de Volgreve ne tic ae ea Capella de Herthull (sol’ xiijs itijd aes ee XUIj iiij Capella de Chelmardon ‘és = wed Capella de Longston pie = Ka & Hj Capella de Tadinton ig ee ee 8 Capella de Basslowe ui ait eee Nes Grangia de Onash_ 5 si sca WY Grangia de Grenlowe ok ae wins Summa lys. xd Io 146 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF MOLENDINA :— sie Molendinum de Baucquell x Item fullonicum* de eadem iij Item de Chattesworth j vilj Item de Aldeport ij Item de Beleye ij Item de Basslowe Pe fie © Item de Tadinton ib: Item de Moniash ij Item de Calvoure ij Item de Aysford vj Item fullonicum de eadem xij Item de Chelmardon Vv Item de Haddon Superiore j Item de Haddon Basset j ij Item de Roulesley ij Item de Feirfeld ij Item de Stoke j vj Item del Burgh xx Item de Haselsted j Item de Congsburgh... ij Item de Mornesale ss an ilij Item Molendinum fullonicum de Bobenhall re VENDICATIO MINERALIUM ET GARBARUM DE ANNO Dom Minerales. Willielmus xviij 72. xs. MILLO CCCXxXXIXx. Note pro decimis mineralibus. + Nicholas de Congesdon, Johannes frater ejus et Summa _ proxima * Molendinum fullonicum, a windmill. + The mineral tithes of the Peak Jurisdiction were exactly £17 in 1379 and in 1390, and £16 in an undated roll of the same century. : —— THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. 147 PAROCHIA DE BAUCQUELL. Willielmus de Arderne, Johannes de Cricheles, Rogerus filius ejusdem Johannis, et Robertus de Byston pro decimis de intra aquam de Baucquell vij . vj s. viij Z. Thomas Hubelyn, Johannes filius ejusdem Thome, Rogerus filius Johannis Herynge, et Robertus de Burton pro decimis de ultra aquam de Baucquell et Roland iiij 2. xiij s. iiij d. Bartholomeus Foljambe, Ricardus del Hull, Robertus filius Ricardi, proctor de Hassop, et Ricardus Potter de eadem pro decimis de Hassop C.et xij s. viij d@. nunc xxxjs. viij d. Robertus de Kneveton, Johannes de Kneveton, Johannes Bele, Symon Knot, Willielmus Sarner, Henricus atteyate de Roulesleye iij Z. xs. nunc ad xxixs. !' Nicholas de Stanedon, et Henricus filius Symonis de Moniash pro tertia parte garbarum decimalium et pro toto feno decimale Xxij 5. ilij @. Henricus filius clerici, et Willielmus Elys pro octava parte garbarum de Moniash xx s. Residuum decimarum de Moniasch rendet de C.et ixs. xd. Summa x /. ij s. ij Z. nunc ad cxij s. iiij d. Nicholas de Congesdon Willielmus Note de Calvoure pro decimis de Calvoure iij /. x s. nunc ad xls, viij d. Danyel Hubelyn, Richardus Hubelyn, & Thomas Hubelyn pro decimis de Hoclowes majori et minori et pro iiij Zé. xvj s. viij 2. Thomas Figoure de Litton, Johannes de Figoure de eadem, Thomas ad... ville de eadem, et Ricardus filius Willielmi de eadem pro decimis de Longston maiore ix /. ij s. iiij d. Ricardus faber de Longston pro feno deciali de Longston ix s. Henricus de Marketon et Henricus Selclough pro decimis de Aysfford ix 2. xiij s. ilij 2. Henricus filius Ivonis, Henry Ogton, et Willielmus de Blacwall pro decimis de Birchenfeldt et Morneshale pro oblig’ Ixvj s. viij a. Willielmus filius Radulphi del Hawe, Galfridus del Hawe, Radulphus filius Ricardi, Henricus filius Ricardi, Willielmus filius Margorie, Ricardus de Halumschire, et Thomas filius Henrici 148 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF Megesone pro decimis garbarum de Chattesworth pro oblig’ ilij 2. vj s. viij d. Johannes de Belers, et Nicholas de Calton pro feno decimale de Chattesworth xiij s. ilij @. Willielmus Cheteham Miles, et Johannes de Rodeyerd pro decimis de Longston minore iiij 4. xilj s. ilij @. Ricardus de Herthull dominus de eadem, Willielmus de Dunchurche capellanus de Herthull, et Henricus Fox pro decimis de Herthull liij s. itij 2. Henricus Fox, Willielmus de Dunchurche capellanus pro feno decimale de Herthull xiij s. itij d. Ricardus Lister, Willielmus de Arderne, Ricardus le Tailloure de Overhaddon, et Rogerus Bisshop pro decimis garbarum de Overhaddon vj Zz. vs iii) d. Johannes Filius Roberti le Wyne pro feno decimale de Over- hadden viij s. Henricus de Paddelle, Thomas le Stainer de Netherhaddon pro decimis de Netherhaddon et Feyrfeld xj. xiijs. iiij @. Willielmus de Calvoure, Rogerus Worth, Johannes clericus, Robertus Lech, Robertus Grennery, Robertus de Beyleye pro decimis de Basset Bobenhull, et Bothales (?) xiij 7. xs. Willielmus Larch, Ricardus Basset, Willielmus Baker pro decimis de Conkesburgh et Froggatt Ix s. Receptor de Scheladon rendet de Ixxiij s. ij d. Thomas Beard, Johannes Wyne, Hugo filius Golde, Thomas Molendarius, Thomas filius Thome de Cokeye pro decimis de Beleye lxvj s. xiij d. Adam Cay, Ricus Cocus de Tiddeswell, Henricus filius ivonis, Ricardus Gladewyn, et Adam filius Ade Cay pro decimis de Tadinton et Presteclif x Zz. xijs. ilij @. Ricardus de Pigtor, capellanus, pro decimis de Cheilmardon vj 5 Hugo de Tunston pro feno de Baucquell xiij s. Thomas Vucher pro feno de Buxton ij s. Summa cxxxiij 7. xj s. vd. ob. amo THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. 149 PAROCHIA DE TIDDESWELL. Radulpus Filius Nicolai, Ricardus del Com, Henricus filius Radulphi, Willielmus filius Galfridi, et Willielmus Rose pro decimis de Tiddeswell xvj Z. Godfridus Foljambe, Johannes le Rotourarius* de Baucquell pro decimis de Wheston liij s. iiij a. Thomas Vicarius de Tiddeswell, Johannes de Bentel pro decimis del Forest xl s. Bartholemeus Folejambe, Alanus del Hull, Adam Cadas, Thomas filius Ricardi pro decimis de Middeltane liij s. iiij @. Ricardus Jowe, Radulphus Jowe, Henricus de Bentele, Radulphus de Wardelowe, Rogerus filius Radulphi Junior pro feno decimati de Tunstedes xxx s. Ricardus de Urdest, Johannes de Wardlowe, Nicholas filius Ricardi de Wardelowe, Thomas de Urdest, Henricus de Paddele, et Thomas Martyn de Wheston pro decimis garbarum de Tunsted cxilj 5. iiij d. Ricus de Littone, Radulphus Dodesone, Thomas ‘filius Radulphi Dodesone, Robertus filius Radulphi Dodesone pro decimis de Litton Cyjs. viij d. Summa xxxviij 7. x s. PAROCHIA DE Hops, Johannes de Billeston, Gervasius Woderove, Nicholas Wode- rove, Nicholas Leyr, et Johannes de Calton de Chattesworth pro decimis de Hope xiij Z. ij s. iiij a. Johannes Bucsone, Willielmus de Bageschawe, Robertus Dobbesone, Willielmus Bucsone capellanus, Johannes del Halle, Ricardus atte Kirkeyerd, Hugo de Horderne pro decimis parochia Capelle del Frith xvj 7 Robertus de Baggeschawe, Robertus filius Thome del Clogh, Thomas Webbe de Abbeneye pro decimis de Abbeneye xxxiij s. ilij 2. * Rotourarius, ox rumptuarius, isa term meaning a breaker-up or tiller of newly-cultivated ground; that is, a husbandman whose special work was “stubbing up ” or clearing moorland or land overgrown with furze. 1590 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF Willielmus filius Johannis Fox, Robertus le Mason de Offerton, Rogerus filius Johannis Fox de eadem pro decimis de Offerton XXXKS. Hugo de Stradeley, Willielmus Fox de Shatton, Ricardus filius Roberti de Burgo, Petrus Focour, Willielmus filius Johannis Fox de Offerton pro decimis de Thornhull, Shatton et Burgh iiij 2. Xlllj s. Thomas filius Radulphus Larch, Philippus dominus de Hasel- bach, et Johannes del Heyelowe pro decimis de Haselbach xl s. Henricus de Wardelowe, Nicholas filius Henrici de eadem, Johannes frater ejusdem Nicholai pro decimis de Wardelowe xlvij s. viij d@. Johannes del Halle, et Benedictus de Shakelcros pro decimis de Fernilee xij s. Johannes del Heyelowe, et Henricus del Heyelowe pro decimis del Heyelowe xiij s. iiij d. Robertus filius Ricardi de Paddel et Philippus de Paddel pro decimis de Paddel xxvj s. viij @. Willielmus filius Johannis Larch, Willielmus filius Roberti le Tailloer de Tiddeswell, Robertus Wareyn de Middelton, Nicholas Stoke de eadem pro decimis de Stoke ls. Decime de Hoclowe majore et minore sunt in obligatione de Hulme. Summa xlvj Zz. xij s. viij a. c Summa ommium garbarum 1jxviij 7. xiij s. 1d. od. RECEPTA PRINCIPALIUM MOoORTUARIUM. Pro corpore Margeria del Ford de Capella j tunicam debilem que datur pro amore dei. Pro corpore Willielmo Ely de Moniash j vaccam venditam pro vij s. Pro corpore Emma uxore Ricardi de Chattesworth j super- tunicam venditam Letitia Stonne pro ijs. Pro corpore Alota Bate de Mulneton j cloke debilem pro jj a. Pro corpore Alota uxore Mathei de Capella j tunicam venditam Johanne de Hulm pro ij d@. = eS ee ee THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. I51 Pro corpore Agnete uxore Thoma Hulm de Aysford j super- tunicam venditam Henrico Schore de Bauquell pro ij s. vj d. Pro corpore Elena uxore Ricardi Stonne j vaccam pro iiij s. venditam pro vs. Pro corpore Johanne del Grene de Cheilmardon j vaccam nigram* debilem venditam pro iijs. Pro corpore Roberto Robyn de Cheilmardon j collobium t debile preterea vj @. venditam pro iiij d. Pro corpore Cecilia Godemon de Cheilmardon j stirketam pro xvj d. Pro corpore Ricardo filio Alicie de Beleye j stirketam pro ij s. Pro corpore Thoma Karl de Herthull j vaccam pro iiijs. venditam pro vs. Pro corpore Willielmo de Barton de Neverhaddon j juvencam pro iijs. Pro corpore Agnete Howe de Haselbach j supertunicam venditam pro xd, Pro corpore Roberto filio Ricardi de Donam j bovem venditum pro vjs. Pro corpore Wilhelmo Lott de Beleye medietatem unius bovis venditam pro iiij s. Pro corpore Dyonisio fillo Hugonis de Bageschawe medietatem unius bovis venditam pro iiij s. Pro corpore Isabella de aula de Feirfeld j vaccam nigram pro ilij s. venditam pro iilj s. vj @. Pro corpore Henrico Bagel de Aysford j vaccam venditam Henrico filio Roberti pro vjs vjd Pro corpore Roberto le Taillour de Baucquell unam vaccam nigram venditam Petro de Shirwod pro iiij s. vj d. Pro corpore Roberto Dato de Offerton j vaccam venditam Henrico del Halle pro ixs. Pro corpore Elya de Thornbull j vaccam rubeam venditam Willielmo de Fallynge pro vjs. * Vacca nigra, we believe to be the small Celtic ox (40s longifrons), now represented by the rough Scotch and Welsh cattle. + Collobium, i.e., tunica sive manicis. 152 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF Pro corpore Cecillia uxore Henrici Attelychyate de Prestclif j juvencam debilem venditam Henrico de Prestclif pro iiij s. Pro corpore Wililelmo Cloken de Moniash j bovem venditum Henrico filio Symonis pro xv s. Pro corpore Henrico de Shirleye j bovem venditum Johanne clerico de Tadinton pro xilj s. iij d. Pro corpore Alicie uxore Ricardi Donne de Duffeld j tunicam venditam Nichola del Hulle pro vj d. Pro corpore Willielmo Hordinon de Hassop j sourcope* de russeto venditam Henrico Beleye pro xij d. Pro corpore Agnete et Rogero de Hope j tunicam de blueto debilem venditam Johanne Stonne pro vj d. Pro corpore Eustacia uxore Henrici de Washere de Haselbach j tunicam venditam eidem Henrico pro yj @. Pro corpore Henrico de Aston de Bastow j vaccam venditam Willielm o de Bothales pro vs yjd. Pro corpore Willielmo filio Hugonis del Clogh j bovem venditum Willielmo de Wheston capellano pro xj s. solutum ix s. vilj d. Pro corpore Johane del Clogh j} bovem venditum Rogero de Bridesbridge (?) pro xj s. Pro corpore Roberto Baron de Marteton } bovem venditum Nicholao de Calton pro xjs. Pro corpore Hugone de Walkare de Bobenhull j aketont venditum pro vjd. Pro corpore Petro Plumbario juvencam et venditam Henrico fabro pro viijs. Pro corpore Mariot filius Raduphi filius Willielmi j tunicam rubeam venditam Radupho de Sitton de Wardelowe pro iijs. solvendam ad Purificationem. Pro corpore Letitia uxore Ricardi Cutt de Sheladon j super- tunicam de blueto venditam Ricardo Cut et Ricardo-en-le-Dale pro ijs, vj d. * Sourcope, or Courcope, t.e., a kind of over-cloak or outer habit. + Aketon, Aketonum, or Acton, is a term used for a military cloak, or one of double thickness. THE DEAN AND CHAPEER OF LICHFIELD. 153 Pro corpore Agneti Cartrom de Ley j vaccam venditam Darvyal Hubolyn pro vs. Pro corpore Hawisia de Stacyj tunicam albam venditam pro v d. Pro corpore Alicia Herthorn de Longsdon j juvencam venditam Petro Shirwod pro iijs. vj @. Pro corpore Alicia Stacy de Beleye j tunicam de taffeto debilem venditam Henrico de Beleye pro viij d. Pro corpore Henrico Millor de Hassop j bovem nigrum non venditum, potest vendi pro vj s. Pro corpore Willielmo Pere j bovem venditum Alicie uxori ejusdem Willielmi pro xs. Pro corpore Thoma Hubelyn j bovem venditum Henrico de Paddel de Mapelton pro xs. Pro corpore Johanne Demon de Hope j tunicam albam ven- ditam Letitie Stonne pro xij d. Pro corpore Thoma Dayker j vaccam nigram venditam Willielmo Provost pro vjs. Pro corpore Matylda Godmore de Stanedon j vaccam venditam Nicholao de Stanedon pro iiij s. Pro corpore Ricardo Hubelyn j vaccam venditam Letitie uxori eidem Ricardo pro vs. Pro corpore Alota de Roulesley j stirketam venditam Beatrice Prime pro iij s. inde solutam xviij d. Pro corpore Rudulpho Penne de Baslow j juvencam venditam Ricardo de Litton pro xs. Pro corpore Roberto de Sydebothom j vitulum de optimis et cum pellis non venditum et in custode capellani (venditam pro ij s.) Pro corpore Hugone Douche j vaccam non recte hic per alibi. Pro corpore Alicia Godbode j tunicam venditam Johanni le Wyne pro viij a. Pro corpore Letitia Agar de Sheladon medietatem unius vacce venditam Henrico de Paddel pro iij s. iiij d. Pro corpore Johanne le Rede de Sheladon medietatem unius vaccam venditam Henrico de Paddel pro iijs iiij d. Pro corpore Alicia uxore Johannis filii Galfridi de Tadinton j _vitulum venditum Henrico de Paddel pro ijs. 154 RECEIPT ROLL OF THE PEAK JURISDICTION OF Pro corpore Johanna Gamel de Chelmerton j vaccam venditam Johanni de Wardel de Dyfford pro vj s. Pro corpore Agreete de Spencer de Feirfeld j vaccam venditam Henrico de Paddel pro iiij s. Pro corpore Matilda del Heyes de Hope j bovettam venditam Henrico de Mapleton pro vj s. Pro corpore Rogero Degheely de Morneshall j sourcope stragulatam * venditam Johanis Flourebelle pro i1ij s. Pro corpore Christiana Gilhort de Tadinton j vaccam venditam Danyel Hubelyn pro vyjs. Pro corpore Alicia Moore de Haddon j supertunicam venditam Galfrido Motte pro ij s. iiij d. Pro corpore Ricardo dejAula de Feirfeld j juvencam venditam Roberto Panne de Feirfeld pro vj s. vj 2. Paddel. Pro corpore Margareta uxore Rogero Diris de Chattesworth j judencam debilem venditam eidem Rogero pro iij s. Pro corpore Alicia de Poynton j pullum equinum venditum Ricardo Provost de Bentley (?) pro ij s. Pro corpore . . . Elyot j equum album venditum Willielmo Larch pro ixs. Pro corpore Rogero en le Dale de Blackwall j juvencam ven- ditam Willielmo Blacwall pro viij s. Pro corpore Alicia de Cirkelangley j supertunicam venditam Johanne Stonne pro xij d. Pro corpore . . . filio Saule de Blacwall j vaccam venditam Cecilia de Blacwall pro viij s. Pro corpore Ricardo filio Johannis de Prestclif j vaccam ven- ditam Willielmo filio Ricardi de Presteclife et Thome Prior pro vj 5. Pro corpore Ricardo filio Margarete de Ednestone . . . de Baucquell j tunicam venditam uxori dicti Ricardi pro vj d. Pro corpore Alicie uxori Radulphi filii Emme de Hope j . bovettam venditam Willielmo filio Elye de Hope pro ij s. vj d. * Apparently a monastic habit, which is the ordinary use of the word s¢vagedla or stragulata. THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. 155 Pro corpore Margarete del Thor de Bradewalle j tunicam debilem venditam Willielmo filio Simonis pro iiij @. Pro corpore Hugone Cooperatore de Haselbach j tunicam ven- ditam Johanni Je Wyne pro viij @. Pro corpore Lotu’ Manndeville de Chattesworth j tunicam venditam pro Willielmo Donnis pro xv d. Pro corpore Alicia uxore Ricardi filii Galfridi de Bradewall j bovem venditum Henrico cooperatori pro xjs. Pro corpore Mathew Albrey de Baucquell j tunicam albam venditum Radulpho le Mason pro xvj d. Pro corpore Cissa de Irlound de Feirfeld j courcope venditam Simoni le cowherdi pro xij a. Pro corpore Margaia le Spencer de Feirfeld j anamtellum vendictum Nicholao Fox pro viij d. Pro corpore Ricardo Bate de Longeston j vaccam venditam Willielmo Bati pro vj s. viij 2. Pro corpore Willielmo Southend j juvencam venditam Willielmo . . . proijs. ixd. Pro corpore Cecilia uxore Radulphi de Overhaddon j stirketam non venditam pro xv @. Venditam pro xvj d. Pro corpore Alicia uxore Roberti de Comitatu Cestre in Hope j vaccam venditam Nicholao de Hatton pro viij s. Pro corpore Alano capellano de Hope j vaccam venditam Roberto filio Rogeri pro vj s. Pro corpore Margareta de Roulesleye j tunicam venditam Roberte de Marlere pro xij @. solutam vj d. Pro corpore Arabella del Thor de Bradewalle j vaccam non venditam prisca (?) venditam Willielmo filio Rogeri de Over- haddon pro yjs. Pro corpore Margareta uxore Rogeri Pistoris de Baucquell j supertunicam venditam eidem Rogero pro ilj s. Pro corpore Margeria Ketel de Conkeburgh j vaccam venditam Ricardo Daniel pro v s. Pro corpore Roberto de Sydbotham de Bonges de parochia capelle del Frith j juvencam venditam Petro Gyffard pro ilij s. - 156 ROLL OF THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF LICHFIELD. Pro corpore Ricardo Douche de Capella j vaccam venditam Petro Giffard pro yj s. Pro corpore Cypriana de Porter de Tadinton j supertunicam venditam Cecilie del Hull de Neyer Haddon pro xij d. Pro corpore Alexandro Hurdern de Ayssop j bovem venditum Willielmo filio Elye de Hope pro ixs. Pro corpore Gena Choker de Moniash j vaccam venditam Johanni filio Henrici de eadem pro xj s. | Pro corpore Ricardo en le Lane de Capella j vaccam venditam Henrico de Hatton pro vij s. Pro corpore Ricardo de Hirdefeld de Capella j bovem venditum Gervasio vicario de Baucquell pro xilij-s. Pro corpore Alicia Lodesinon de Hope j tunicam venditam Willielmo Triceket de Hope pro xd. Pro corpore Johane le Vassere de Haselbach j tunicam vendi- tam Petro Portario pro vij d. F Pro corpore Johane Note de Conkeburgh j bovem venditum Gervasio vicario de Bancquell pro xs. Pro corpore Johanna uxore Henrici Blakemore j vaccam vendi- tam eidem Henrico pro vj s. viij @. Pro corpore Alicia uxore Ricardi de Horderne j bovem venditum Johanni le Porter pro xij s. Pro corpore Johanne del Mos j bovem venditum vicario de Bancquell pro xs. Pro corpore Amori uxore Radulphi de Bentel de Feirfeld j stirketam venditam Donde Carter pro xvj d. Pro corpore Nicholaa uxore Johannis del Mos j bovem vendi- tam Rogero de Weston pro vs. Pro corpore Cypriana Lumbard de Tadinton j supertunicam venditam Matilde Carter pro ij s. Pro corpore Alicia de Newe de Neyerhaddon j tunicam debilem venditam Johanni de Hulyn pro iij d. Summa xxiij Z. vs. id. Ss : a Sorotydp SS ee a “oa prs ia. ae a 157 Observations on Bakewell: Beginning on the 31st of fMay, 1774. By Wuite Watson. * EAVING Sheffield School in May, 1774, where I had been educated under the Revd. J. Smith, whose usher was Mr. Robinson, Mr. J. Eadon the English master and accountant, and Mr. Bickley the Drawing-master. On 31st May, 1774, I came from my father’s at Baslow, to live with my Uncle and Aunt Watson, Statuary, at Bakewell, at my Aunt’s particular request (who was my Godmother), where I found the Rev. Rich*. Chapman the Vicar of the Church, the Revd. Moses Hudson the Master of the Free School, who had generally fifty scholars, and was much esteemed as a Master. Mr. Samuel Roe, Sexton and Clerk of the Parish Church, was * The following interesting, though disjointed, memoranda pertaining to Bakewell are from a Common Place Book of Mr. White Watson, F.L.S., a talented resident in that town for upwards of half a century. He chiefly excelled in geology, a science then in its infancy, and his memory is kept fresh in the minds of literary Derbyshire by his valuable quarto work De/ineation of the Strata of Derbyshire. The members of the Derbyshire Archzological Society have to thank the Revd. W. R. Bell, vicar of Laithkirk, Darlington, for this welcome insight into the life of Bakewell a century ago, and of the conditions of the old church, for it is from a transcript made by him many years ago from the original note book, that these jottings are copied. Mr. Bell was curate of Bakewell, 1862-1864, when he was a contributor of valu- able papers on the registers, etc., of Bakewell to early volumes of the Reliquary.—ED. The fac-simile of a drawing by Mr. White Watson (Plate IX.), given as a frontispiece to this article, is taken from the original in the possession of Mr. W. H. Carrington, of Bakewell, grandson of the surgeon who recovered the newt. On referring to the file of the Derdy Mercury, we find that Mr. Chapman’s letter to the printer appeared in August, 1799, not in June or July. _ It merely gives a very slightly extended account of the statement that appears on the fac-simile (which is in the handwriting of White Watson), adding that the newt, which was living when dislodged, was preserved in spirits at Mr. Carrington’s shop, and could be inspected by the curious. —Ep. 158 OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL. master of the Free English School, endowed by Mrs. Mary Hague, as by Will dated November 2oth, 1715. Having a many friends in this town everything was so pleasant. On Sundays all went to Church, no dissenting voice in the Town, all prayed to one God and Lord Jesus Christ, and drank in social parties success to the Church and King. Mr. Watson was an overseer of the poor in partnership with Jno. Redfearn. They had nine assessments, each amounting to 4,18 os. 83d., with a grumbling from the Inhabitants. (N.B.—In 1677 the yearly expense of the Poor of Bakewell was £22 138., the greatest allowance was 2s. per week.) In 1774, Jn°. Twigge, Esq‘., occupied Holme Hall, Jn°. Barker, Esq’., was agent to his grace the Duke of Rutland, when, if any of the principal inhabitants wanted a dish of fish for a particular occasion by applying to Wm. Smith, the overlooker of the river, they never were denied paying 6d, per pound. The Post Office was kept by Mr. and Mrs. Pidcock, and G**. Stainforth rode Post, who went to Chesterfield three times a week, when the London letters came in, at 4d. each. Hannah Hancock delivered the letters out at a halfpenny each. (It appears this custom of giving a half- penny for the delivery of each letter originated in a poor person whom, out of delicacy, they could not relieve by assessment, but modestly gave him this subsistence.) There was a respectable Card Club for the principal inhabitants, who paid 6d. each for Liquor, and for Welsh Rabbits 3d. They met joyously, smoking their pipes, conversing freely, loving (?) a card-table for those that choose. But there must be no interruption of conversation by the card party. Any member might introduce a stranger. The Revd. Peter Walthall was chairman and president on the breaking up of the club, when they had a good supper and dinner, plenty of fish from the river. The last entered member was the treasurer for the ensuing year. The club commenced on the first Thursday in September, and ended the first Thursday in May. I think there was sometimes a club in the summer also. There were three Oister Clubs during the season, which were paid for as the cards, by the forfeitures for non-attendance on the club night, Thursday. I recollect something of a Batchelors’ Club, where Mr. Samuel OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL. 159 Roe presided, generally as chairman (a very jolly meeting, and always a private meeting at Mr. Roe’s house). In 1774 butchers’ meat was not to be had at any part of the week in Bakewell, but only on certain days, and beef only at certain times as Christmas. The custom of Interment in Wooden coffins (wooden Josephs) was on the Revd. Mr. Monks coming to reside here. A corps from Sheldon was brought in swaddling clothes (which was abolished in 1797) and was detained in the Church until a coffin was made, and the wife then took off the flannel for her own use. On the prayer days, Wednesdays and Fridays, the good mothers attended with their daughters on divine service without delay. N.B.—Lady Grace Manners buried in Bakewell Church in 1651. The Free School, endowed by Grace Lady Manners, as by Deed dated 12th of May, 1637 (12th of King Charles). See copy of the deed in the possession of Robert Wright, Esq'., of G' Longstone, a copy of which is in Mr. Bayley’s hands. Post Office. N.B.—In1780. The amount of letters for the bye and cross posts at Bakewell per year was £24 on an average, and in 1792 £200 on an average. The London letters bear the same proportion. G. Staniforth, Postmaster. In 1830 about 4500 a year clear to the King. Mem.—The field Mr. Bossley’s house stands in was formerly called Wardens Close, which Mr. Woodward bought in 1650 at Als per acre. The field above it is Garlands Close. The field opposite Mr. Bossley’s, as still, Courtyard. Mr. Gardom’s House was built in Cowley’s Close. Where the entrenchments are near Holme called the Nordens. N.B.— Mr. Bossley’s Brick House was covered with Blue Slate by Jn°. Richardson, Slater, in 1785. Mr. Bossley’s Brick House was built by agreement for £31 1os., in 1783, by Joseph Brook, who engaged that no chimney should smoke, which none of them did to his death. About 1777, Samuel Smith, Breeches-maker, was the first dissenter here (Mr. Carrington was a Presbyterian) who followed Westley. After him Jn°. Tarrant’s wife became a Methodist 160 OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL. when the fervor began. In 1777 the Cotton Mill was begun, when wages were raised immediately, and hands came from Manchester, introducing good-natured girls here, to whom the town was a stranger. In 1774 Mr. Bossley’s and Mr. Gould’s shops nor Mr. Carrington’s had no glass windows; only woodea shutters. Mr. Carrington’s then the principal grocer’s shop in the town. The Quarter Sessions were held in this town previous to and in1774. The gentlemen were always so well accommodated with beds, etc., as it was possible by the principle Inhabitants, who spared no pains to oblige them. The Market, though formerly held on y* Monday, was now (1774) on the Friday, and though formerly a market for Lead and Corn, is now only for Butter and Eggs. Pots, tinware, &c., are brought for market. A Corn Market was re-established, Toll Free, Jan’. 22°, 1796 (Friday). The new loft was built in Bakewell Church by Mr. Samuel Watson, Bill as per agreement, in 1751, £31 138. 2d. Proprietors. - Samal Mr. Roe’s of each addition to the above sum ... comme) Mr. Bennet’s Do. ee 12 0 Mr. Baker’s Do. ¥ 5 FE Mr. Mander’s Do. bh IO Il Mr. Barker’s (surgeon) Do. ie 7 Whole compleat £33 16 8 In or about 1774 the Church was fresh painted when Matthew Strutt was Churchwarden, and the vane was fresh gilt by Mr. A. Beresford. In 1779, the Church being newly whitewashed. W. Watson was applied to by the Churchwardens, Mr. W™. Greaves and George Holmes, for to renew the Commandments, Creed, etc , which he did. In 1785 a new clock face was put up, which was painted and lettered by White Watson, for which he received his bill £44. Size of the same 8 feet diameter, letters 14 inches long. (N.B.— This clock face was taken down and re-gilt pale gold by Shipley, of Chapel, Dec’., 1813.) el OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL. 161 In 1792, a new Font was placed within of the old one, by order of Mr. Jn,. Greaves, Churchwarden, made of statuary (the basin), with an alabaster pedestal by White Watson, for which he charged and received £2 153s. od. In 1793, a new Sun Dial was erected against the South wall, Bakewell Church, by White Watson, cost £6 6s. od., made of gritstone from Norton Woodseats, designed and drawn by Mr. Gauntley, cut and painted by White Watson. The old Bells, one of them being cracked by the ringers on Mr. Rawson’s wedding day to Miss Barker, were taken down, Subscribers to the new Bells of Bakewell, opened February 2nd, 1797. 6. oO. OO © TO. OF OF Olson = ger Sond. ; Zs The Duke of Devon- Mr. J. Roe ie: shire aa 5O.. oO .6) |, Late’ Mrs. Eleathcote” i"2 2 The Duke of Rutland 50 0 o/| Miss Buxton eer thals te Alex': Bossley, Esq.... 10 10 o| Mr. Fletcher, Lichfield a 2 Mich! Williams, Esq. t0 10 o| Mr. G. Holmes pe Sam! Simpson, Esq. 10 10 o| Mr. G. Gould Zig Thos. and Jn® Barkers, Mr. Richard Roe ... 1 1 sqrt... ... /2O: To> > |} Mr We Chapman -.2 8-5 Rev. Rich¢- sere Miss Alice Roe TAT BAP hg Vict ee 5. 95. O: sip Robe sStrith sles oe Rev. Peter Walthall... BU 50 |. Min OE =eathcote, Mir. jn°- Renshaw . 5 5 o Sen. we Hep g Ony Messrs. Josh. and N. ; Mirs7@armington. . 9... 92' 5x Goulds B52 ot Mr. Robt Simpsons.’ sr Mr. Buxton, Surgeon 3 3 ©| Mr. White Watson... 41 1 Mr. Jn° Greaves 3°. 3-0 | Ma. M. Strutt {Gat re) ed Mr. Will™ Gardom .... 3 3. 0 | Mr.G. Heathcote! wardensy Messrs. B. and J. Boss- Mr. W. Anthony ... 31 1 leys Ug oO | Mr, Thos: Jobnson™.2, 1x _ Mr. Mander 3°°°3 ©) Miss*Eccles .:. aM Oe Bw Mr. W™ Greaves 3 3 0| Mr. W. Smallwood... 1 1 Mrs. Matthews 2 2.0] Mr. F. Beets sig WAL _ Mr. F. Roe 2 2 o| Mr. F. Howard sate A VERA NE GeO Ou1Onr OL Or On 30% (O- Os.) 0 LL 162 Thos. Hancock Mr. J° Smith and Sons Mr. W™- White Mr. Rich# Roe, Jun. Mr. Jn? Gould Mr. Hugh Boam Mr. Thos. Mander, London ..- Be Mr. Griffith Sterndale Miss Riddiard Miss Barker W™. Roberts Henry Naylor Philip Roe Saxton, etc. James Leedham Isaac Newton Joseph Wilson Jn®°: Farrand Messrs. Coles E*: Heathcote, Jun. Joseph Sellers W™. Fentem George Beeby James Frost Robt Bowman Ww. Smith, Jun. W™: Frost Ben" Wildgoose Jn° Swindle Jne Smith, Carrier s:. Josh. Glossop Josh. Cotterill Jno: Beeby ..- Wm. Hardwick OBSERVATIONS ON BA KEWELL. 4 Ashwood Swindle Jno: Bradbury Joseph Boam George Roberts Thos. Short Benj. Botham Henry Millward W. Bradbury W™. Waterfall W™. Drable Matthew Dakin Thos. Punshaby George Cooper Rich? Redfearn UPPER HADDON. Mr. Jonathan Brunt Mr. Bennett : Mr. Gilderoy Glossop Thos Blore Mary Glossop ROWSLEY. Thos: Bourne, Esq.... Mr. Matthew Gibbons Thos) Goodwin Jno: Goodie Mrs. Goodie Sam! Smith Peter Bailey Henry Leedham Matthias Shaw Jn? Noton, Birchills Sarah Wildgoose George Banks ! George Newton I bb IN NS, es CO; oo" 'O ond. OOO, & 6 O07 OF Ol emery roe oA AMAA KS OBSERVATIONS ON BAKEWELL. ‘fue sed. Jn° Mellor <3 to | Rachel Yates George Wildgoose ... 1 o| Thos Jones W™. Wildgoose A 1 o| Jn® Taylor Hugh Jones Er ro Thos Neat es | ee Dec. 1796. Inscriptions on the old ones :— I. Multi numerantur amici 1719. Daniel Hedderley cast us II. The gift of Philip Gell, Hopton, 1719. Daniel Hedderly cast us III. Glory bee to God on high. 1616 IV. George Crotiat & William Ridiard Churchwardens. 1616 V. Campana beate Trinitate sacra fiat Deo VI. All men who hear my mournful sound Repent before you lie in ground. 1671 Williams :— As When I begin Our merry din This Band I lead from discord free And for the fame Of human name May every leader copy me Bells, On the 2° of February, seventeen hundred and ninety- seven, the new bells were opened by the Sheffield ringers. these bells are the following inscriptions, wrote by Mr. Michael On cwt. qr. lb. 5 m3 fo Schad Vo Ye EO #242 15 0 cwt.qr. Ib. ye 3 ua we ES - * a ~- > ~ J PS Se ees etn WAS Sore aS Ae Te See Oe er ee aa a 2 Por LS a ee rat | a a ere tee tal na Ay Soe athe, =, = BS ay LE ree "Se: 7 ; con = a 1a ie a A « i“ * Lot i na =“ pe A _ bi, le ALL SAINTS’ CHURCH, MACKWORTH. 179) who through two cunningly contrived ‘‘squints” pierced in different directions through the masonry could see the two altars and watch over the valuables, ring the sanctus bell, or pray toward these altars. At the renovation of the church, traces of a doorway in the south elevation were seen from the outside in this chamber, and on the parapet were the remains of a brick chimney. The Rev. George Pickering, who was then vicar, explained that he could remember a small house, formerly the vicarage, standing close to the porch, from which there was this entrance into the parvise. The room had been used as one of the chambers of the vicarage, and a fireplace put up in it. The priest’s door into the chancel was renewed at the restora- tion. It wasa good example of early decorated work, with a ball-flower moulding in it; it seems to have been in a bad state of repair. The present stonework is an exact copy of the one removed. I am able to give a sketch of this doorway made previous to its removal. There are three bells in the tower, inscribed— 1. ‘God save the King, 1662 ;” and with the bell mark of George Oldfield. 2. ‘‘ Jhesus be out speed, 1612;” and the bell mark of Henry Oldfield. 3. ‘God save his Church, 1616;”’ and the bell mark of Henry Oldfield. The earliest registers are dated 1611. ‘‘ The Register Book of Mackworth bought by Xofer Bludworth and John Crashawe, Churchwardens A.D. 1611. iiij®.” In this book is a curious license for eating flesh in Lent, 1618. The license was granted at the request of Francis Mundy, of Markeaton, on behalf of Mrs. Dorothy Poole, gentlewoman, about the age of four score years, and was granted by Edward Hinchcliffe, clerk. 12 179 PN DEX Ons NAMES OF PERSONS, A. Acouere, Margery de, 94; Robert de, 94 Agar, Letitia, 153 Agard, John, 5, 6; Thomas, 6 Allen, Capt., ye Robert, 28; Uxor, 27, 29 Andeton, Wm., 27 Anderton, Edw., 27; Math, 24 Andrewes, Geo., 22; Rbt., 27 Anthony, Mr. W., 161 Apollo, 90 Arderne, Willielmus de, 147, 148 Arkwright, Mr., 172 Armefeild, Richard, 28 ; Tho., 24 Armestrong, George, 15 Armitrider, John, 28, 29; Wn, 29 Ashmore, Adam, 19; Edw., 25 Ashton, Anthony, 18; Eliz., 22; John, 19; Robert, 18, 21 Aston, Henrico de, 152 Atkins, Thomas, 2 Attelychyate, Cecilia, 152; Henrico, 152 Audley, Lord John, 176 Audeley, 2 Aula, Ricardo de, 154 Avenel, Robert, 124 Avenelli, Gervasii, 124 ; Roberti, 124 Badderley, Wm., 167 Bagel, Henrico, 151 Bageschawe, Dionysius, 151; Hugonis, 151; Robertus de, 149; Willielmus de, 149 Baggaley, Jone, 5; Michael, 5 Bagshall, Tho., 25 Bagshaw, Abraham, 25 ; Adam, 25; Francis, 29; James, 23; Jo., 22; Nicholas, 27; Petere25s) 275) le, 18 ; Tho., 27 Bailey, George, 9; Peter, 162 Baker, Mr., 160; Willielmus, 148 Bakor, Thomas, 48 Balgay, Adam, 22; Edm.,18 ; Henry, 30; Lawrence, 23; Tho., 20 Bamford, Jo., 25 Banks, George, 162 Barber, Rob., 25 Barbor, Edw., 29; Francis, 28 ; Geo., 30; Jo., 24; Tho., 30 Barewe, Avice de, 97; Geoffrey de, 97 Barfot, Henry, 105 Barker, Adam, 21 ; Miss, 161, 162; Rob., 25 Baron, Roberto, 152 Barnard, Lyonel, 2 Barnsley, Mr., 58 Barrows, Joseph, 23 Barton, Edm.,21; Edw., 114; Ottiwell, 21; Willielmo de, 151 Basinge, Alice de, 4; John de, 4 Baslow, Wm., 30 Basset, John, 104 ; Ralph, 104 ; Ricardus, 148 Bateman, 38, 39 Bate, Alota, 150 Batty, John, 27 Bayley, Mr., 159 Baynbridge, John, 6 Beard, Thomas, 148 Beeby George, 162; John, 162 Beets, Mr. F., 161 Belers, Johannes de, 148 Bell, Johannes, 147 ; Rev. W. R., 157 Bennett, Mr., 160, 162 ; Richard, 28; Philip, 7 ; Robert, 118, 119; Wm., 114; Jarvis, 115; Ger., 108, 109 Bennet, Francis, 25; Jo., 18; Richard, 26; Tho., 26; Wm., 26 Bentele, Henricus de, 149 ; Johannes de, 149 Bentleye, Cicely, 99, 106 ; Gilbert, 99, 106 ; Wm. de, 99, 106; Henry, 99; Elias, 99 Beresford, Henry, 61; Maud, 61; Mr. A., 61; Thomas, 128, 129 Berley, John, 18, 30 Bernard, John, 6 Berners, Jo., 111, 112 Beyleye, Alicie de, 151; Henrico, 152, 153; Robertus de, 148 Bickley, Mr., 157 Billeston, Johannes de, 149 180 INDEX Bingley, Tho., 21 Birchel, Hugo de, 145 Bisshop, Rogerus, 148 Blacwall, Willielmo, 1543 Saule de, 154; Cecilia de, 154 Blackwell, James, 28 Blackwell, Willielmus, 147 Blakewelle, Nicholas de, 99 Blore, Thos., 162 ; Mrs., 167 Blounde, Mary, Richard, 106 Bludworth, Xofer, 177 Boam, Hugh, 162; Joseph, 162 Bockeing, Jo., 18 Bockinge, Tho., 19 Bodlinson, Dionysis, 21 Bore, Hugh, 28 Bossley, Mr., 159-161, 165, 166, 168, 172 Botham, Benj., 162; Christopher, 27 ; John, 20 ; Roger, 21 Bourne, Thos., 162 Bower, Allen, 22 Bowman, Charles, 27 ; Grace, 27; Francis, 27; Robert, 162 Bowring, Richard, 20 Bradbury, George, 27 ; Jno., 162; Wm., 162 Bradbourne, Godard de, 106 ; 74 Bradshaw, Anthony, 47; Samuel, 47 Bradwall, Geo., 22; Rich stor. Ivo: 923"s Tho., 24; Wm., 25 Bradwell, Jo., 23; Tho., 27 Bramhall, Wm., 24; Uxor, 27 Bray, Robert, 18 ; Tho., 24, 29 Breilsford, John, 19 Briddocke, Anne, 18; Francis, 18, 20 ; Geo., 22 Bridesbridge, Rogero de, 152 Bridgeford, Phyllis, 173 Brightmore, Robert, 21 Broadhead, Mr., 41 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. Brocklehurst, Edw., 27 ; John, 27 Bromhead, Hen., 22; Mathew, 23 ; Tho., 24 Brook, Joseph, 159 ; Sir Basil, 58 Brooke, Howard, Lord, 55 Brookes, ‘Tho., 29 Brown, Thos., 166, 171 Brownell, Geo., 29; Tho., 24 Brunt, Mr. Jonathan, 162 Brushfeild, Hen., 21; Tho., 21 Brussell, Edw., 28 Buccoke, Steven, 18 Buckstons, the, 78 Bucsone, Johannes, 149; Willielmus, 149 Bullocke, Grace, 19; Humphrey, 20 ; John, 2 Burdekin, fos Tho., 19 Burdett, Lady, 60 Burgmaier, 129 Burges, Raph, 26 Burgesse, Wm., 25 20; 18; Burgo, Ricardi, 150; Roberti, 150 Burleye, Sibyl de, 99; William de, 99 Burnell, William, 176 Burrowes, Geo.. 22; Rbt., 23 Burton, Edward, 113; Robertus de, 127; Wm., 26 Busshy, Johannis, 137 Butila, Matilda de, 100 ; Ralph, 100 Buxstones, William de, 94 Buxton, Miss, 161 ; Mr. 160, 161, 172 Byston, Kobertus 147 de, G Cadas, Adam, 149 Calton, Johannes de, 145, 149; Nicholas de, 148, 152 Calvoure, Willielmus de, 148 Carnall, Edw., 26 Carrington, John, 47; Mr.,159, 160, Mrs.,161 Cartrom, Agneti, 153 Case, Jo., 23; Wm., 25 Cauceis family, 71, 73; Geoffrey de, 74 Cay, Adam, 148 Cestrefeuld, Rich. de, ror; Wm. IoI Chaddeston, Ralph de, 99 Chalesworth, Gilbert, 22; Wm. 25 Challoner, Mr., 172 Chapman, Edw., 28; Geo., 27; Godfrey, 225) Join; 24,028) Nicholas, 21; Rev. Richard, 157, 161, 164; Rich, 30; Wm., 161 Charlesworth, Wm., 29 Charles, I., 54, 55, 61; IL., 47 Chattesworth, Emma, 150; Ricardi, 150 Cheetam, Edw., 28; Raph, 27; Richard, 28 Cheshire, Francis, 26 Chester, Robert of, 95 ; Earl of, 174 Chesterfield, Philip, First Earl of, 107-119 Christopher, Wm., 26 Cirkelangley, Alicia de, 154 Clarke, Raphe, 109 Claybon, Geo., 30 Clayton, Richard, 47 Clogh, Hugonis del,152; Johane del, 152 ; Ko- bertus, 149; Thome del, 149; Willielmo de, 152 Cloken, Willielmo, 152 Clowes, Robert, 23 Clyftfe, Jo., 18 ; Tho., 20 Coates, Rev. Jas., 171 Cockayne, Thomas, 47 Cocus, Ricus, 148 Coke, Ann, 67; Doro- thy, 67, Elizabeth, 67 ; Geo., 65; John, 60, 63, 66; Mary, 67; Richard, 54, 65; Sir Francis, 55, 56, 60-62, Sir John, 54-56, 60- 67 ; William, 61 INDEX Cokeye, Thomas de, 148 Coles, Messrs., 162 Coleworth, Philip de, 101 Colle, 1 Collier, Richard, 48; Tho., 29; Wm., 29, 53 Collyer, Nicholas, 59 Columbell, Roger, 53 Congesdon, Nicholas de, 146, 147 Constantine, 91 Cook, John, 28; Wm., 28 Cooper, Abraham, 20, wars =.Geo., * 162°; Raph, 29 Coppocke, Tho., 29 Cornere, John de la, 100 Corney, Richard, 6, 7 Cetterel, Jacobus, 145 Cotteril, Josh., 162 Coudre, Adam de, 94 Coventr’, Simon de, 100 Cowper, Nicholas, 28; Ralph, 23; Rbt., 29 Cox, Rev. Dr., 15, 32, 46, 86, 107, 142, 175, 176; Arthur, 31, 32 Crackele, Nicholas de, 105; Wm. de, 105 Crane, Francis, 6 Crashawe, John, 177 Cressy, Ralph de, 103 Crickeles, Johannes de, 147 Crokes, Roger, 94, 95 Cromwell, Richard, 111 Crooke, Henry, 20 Crotiat, George, 163 Cruce, Matilda de, 100; Robert de, 100 Cumbe, Amice de, 94, 95; Thomas de, 94, 95 Cumberbadge, John, 30 Cundy, 62 Curzon, Francis, 6-8; Henry, 7; John, 8; Sir John, 5-7 Curzun, Richard de, 93 Cutt, Ricardo, 152 Dz. Dakin, Matthew, 162 Damel, John, 104 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. 181 Daniell, Geo., 19 Dato, Roberto, 151 Dawkins, Prof. Boyd, 32, 36, 40 Dayker, Thoma, 153 Deakin, Rbt., 25 Degge, Sir Simon, 50 Degheely, Rogero, 154 Demon, Johanne, 153 Dene, Simon de, 106 Denman, Dr., 165; Jo., IIo Dernelly, Uxor, 24 Derwent, Robt., 20; Roger, 20; Hum- phrey, 20; Wm., 20 D’Eyncourt, Lord, 59 Devonshire, Duke of, 161, 171 Diceto, Ralph de, 122 Dickens, Mr., 81, 91 Didsbury, Jno., 21 Dobbesone, Robertus, 149 Docking, Ralph, 18; Robert, 18 Dodesone, —_Radulphi, 149; Robertus, 149 ; Thome, 149 Dolphin, Tho., 24 ; Rbt., 25 Donam, Ricardi de, 151; Roberto de, 151 Donington, Lord, 132 Doodin, Geo., 22; Jo., 24; Tho., 24 Dore, Tho., 19 Douche, Hugone, 153 Doune, Alicie, 152; Ri- cardi, 152 Dower, Tho., 24 Downing, John, 22; Wm., 25 Drable, George, 166; Jo:; 28) 166); Tho, 25; Wm., 25, 162 Draper, Jane, 7 Dun, Hugh de, 103 Dunchurch, Willielmus de, 148 Durham, Rbt., 28 E. Eadon, Mr. J., 157 Eardsfeild, Tho., 28 Eare, Thomas, 58 Eccles, Miss, 161 Edmunds, Favell, 1 Ednestone, 154 Edward II., 78; III., 76, 79; VI., to Effedecote, Matilda de, 104; Nicholas de, 104 Elizabeth, 47, 53, 54 Elsynge, H., 108 Elys, Willielmus, 147, 150 Englefield, Sir Francis, Essewelle, Isolda de, 105; Wm. de, 105 Evans, 40 ; Richard 113, 114 Eyre, Andrew, 18; Adam, 29 ; Edw., 29 ; Francis, 25; Geo., 2203 JOsephy 9 30is Reignold, 33 ; Robert, 2K, 2375) Pho. 19,21, 24, 30; Wm., 24 F. Fallynge, Willielmo de, I51 Fane, Mr. W. D., 54, 55, 132 Fantem, George, 166 Farrand, Jno., 162 Fayrehurst, Geo., 21 Fentem, Wm., 162 Ferrers, family, 71 ; John, 8 Ferrers, Sir Humphrey, 108 Figoure, Johannes de, 147; Thomas, 147 Fitzherbert, William, 98 Fletcher, Mr., 161; Robert, 47 Flint, Wm., 110 Flourbelle, Johanis, 154 Focour, Petrus, 150 Foley, Mr., 59 Foljambe, Bartholomeus, 147, 149; Godfridus, 149 Ford, Margeria del, 150 ; James, 27 Foster, Mr., 171 Fouljambe, James, 26 ; Jo., 26; Hercules, 26 182 INDEX Fox, Godfrey, 29 ; Hen- ricus, 148 ; Johannes, 150; Lawrence, 29 ; Rogerus, 150; Wm., 25, 150 Frances, Margery, 5 ; Henry, 6; William, Francis, John, 4 Franks, Mr, Augustus, 86 Frecheville, Sir Peter, 60 Freeman, Mr., 69, 120 Froggatt, Tho., 21 Frost, Hen., 25 ; James, 162, 171; John, 26; Mathew, 26; Rich., 23; Wm., 162; Tho., 27 Fulwood, Christopher, 61, 62,66; Sir George, 61 Furnesse, Adam, 28; Edw., 27-29; Ellis, 29; Hen., 25-28; Marke, 19, 29; Mar- tin, 23 G. Gamel, Johanna, 154 Gardiner, Ambrose, 20 Gardom, Wm., 159, 161 Gaunt, John of, 134 Gauntley, Mr., 161 Gell, Philip, 163 George III., 12 Gernebern, 120 Gibbons, Matthew, 162 Gilder, Rev. William, 175 Gilhort, Chistiana, 154 Gill, Rbt., 26 Gillott, Francis, 22 Gilman, Thomas, 6 Gladewyn, Ricardus, 148 Glossop, Edw., 21; Gilderoy, 162; Josh., 162; Mary, 162; Raph, 21 Godbode, Alicia, 153 Godmore, Matylda, 153 Godemon, Cecilia, 151 Gonshull, Matilda de, 96 Goodie, Jno., 162; Mrs., 162 Goodwin, Vhos., 162 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. Gore, Alderman, 55 Gould, Mr., 160, 161, 166 Goyt, Mary de, 94; Richard de, 94 Gozelin, 1 Gray, Wm. de, 97 Greaves, John, 161, 166; Mr. Wm., 30, 160, 161, 172 Greene, Magdalen, 117, 118; Wm., 117, 118 Greenwell, 40 Gregory, Robert, 21 Grene, Johanne del, 151 Grenesmyth, Roberti, 137 Grennery, Robertus, 148 Gretewyke, Adam de, 106 ; Margery, 106 Greville, Falke, 55 Grey, Felicia de, 106; John de, 97 Griffith, Mr., 162 Gront, Adam, 18 ; Edw., 18; Godfrey, 18; Michael, 19; Peter, 30; Rich., 18; Tho., 20 Grotewick, Adam de, 99; Margaret de, 99 Grundy, Edm., 26 Grysley, Tho., 140 Gybson, Wm., 29 Gyles, Wm., I15 Gyneleg, Wm. de. 93 H. Hague, Mrs. Mary, 158 Hadfield, Baggot, 22; Hugh, 29; John, 18 Haigh, Edw., 20; John, 19 ; Hall, Anthony, 28 ; Elizabeth, 4; Henry, 53 JO 18, 19,305 Matthew, 28 ; Robert, 23-26, 30; Roger, 30; Tho. ,18, 24, 30; Wm., 25, 26, 30. Hallam, Rob., 28 Halle, Johannes del, 149, 150; Henrico del, 151 Hallom, John, 29; Rich., 24; Rob., 23; Tho., 24 Hallome, Adam, 22; Andrew, 22; Gervis, 25; Godfrey, 18, 22; Jo., 23 Hallowes, Nathaniel, 109, 112 Halumshire, Ricardus de, 147 Hambleton, Jo., 23; Hampton, John de, 104 Hancock, Thos., 162 ; Hannah, 158 - Hanewrth, Ingelram de, 97 Hardi, Richard, 104; Hardy, Hen.,.28; Rob., 29; Sir Thomas Duf- fus, 132; Wm., 29, 48 Hardwick, Earl of, 55; Wm., 162 Harewood, Ralph de, 75 Hargreave, Raph, 20 Harris, Henry, 113, 114 Harrison, Ellis, 28; Rich., 30; Rbt., 20, 29; Tho., 19 Hartle, Wm, 25 Hartley, Geo., 27 Hartopp, Dame Mary, 6, 7; Sir Thomas, 5-7 Hartshorne, Mr. Albert, 32, 68, 79, 80, 127; Rev. C. H., 125 Haselbach, Philippus, 150 Hassop, Gervasius de, 145 Hastings, Francis, Lord, 108 Havering, Simon de, 97 Hauerehegg, Amora de, 96; Matthew de, 96 Hawe, Galfridus, 147; Radulphi de, 147 ; Willielmus, 147 Hawley, Nicolas, 20 Hayes, Matilda del, 154 Hayne, Jo., 46, 52 Heald, Wm., 21 Heathcote, Ed., 161, 162; Mr. G., 161,164; Jo., 18; Mrs., 161 ; Roger, 18 ; Tho., 18 ; Wm., 19 Heaton, Edw., 27; Tho, 27 INDEX OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. , 183 Henry III., 93-106, 133 ; iVe5134; VI. 9, 128; VIII., 9, 48, 129 Hedderley, Daniel, 163 Henshall, Jo., 26 Herbergur, William le, 99 Hercy, Elene, 4; John, 4 Herebirbur, Elizabeth de, 93; Odo de, 93 Hermes, 92 Herthill, Roberii de, 124 Herthorn, Alicia, 153 Herthull, Ricardus de, 148 Herynge, Johannis, 147; Rogerus, 147 Heryz, Henry de, 97 Heyelowe, Johannis del, 150; Henricus, 150 Heymer, Mr. Richard, 172; Mrs., 172 Heywood, Tho., 19 Heyward, Anthony, 29; Francis, 24 ; Rob., 23 Hibbert, Anthony, 27; Nicholas, 28 Hibline, Uxor., 26 Hill, Arthur, 29; Hugh, 22 Michael, 23; Rbt.. 27; Wm., 25 Hinchliffe, Edward, 177 Hispan, Michael del, 97 Hoden, Robert, 7 Hodgson, Kev. F., 171 Hodkinson, Henry, 26 ; John, 28 ; Rob., 28 Holgate, Tho., 27 Holland, Robert de, 133 Holmes, George, 160, 161, 168, 171 ie Henry, 18; Luke, I Hopa, Roberti de, 124 Hope, 154 Hope, Agnete, 152; Rogero, 152; W. H. St. John, 120 Hopton, Mary, 5; Ro- bert, 5 Horderne,, Hugo de, 149 Hordinon, Willielmo, 152 Howard, Mr. F., 161 How, Ellis, 19, 20; Evens) (225) 0.5. 23, 25; Edm., 18; Mar- tin, 23; Roger, 23; Mho:,) 24, 25:3 Wm, ZIetzA. Howe, Agnete, Tho., 19 Hoyle, Uxor., 21 Hubelyn, Danyel, 147, 154; Ricardo, 153; Ricardus, 147; Tho- mas, 147, 153 Hudson, Rev. 151; Moses, 157 Hugill, Wm., 25 Hull, Alanus del, 149; Ricardus del, 149 Hulle, Nichola del, 152 Hulm, Agnete, 151; Thoma, 151 Hulme, Peter, 26 Humston, George, 8 Hundine, 120 Hunt, Raph, 27 ; Steven, 26; Wm., 26 . Hunter, Geo,, 22 ; Wm., 24, 47 Huntingdon, Lord, 62 Hurlowe, John, 22 Hyde, Jo., 18; Rich., 30 if: Iberson, Edw., 30; Geo., 30 Ides, John, 20 Jz Jackson, Edw., 18; Richard, 48; Robert, TOs OLEVeD ue 24u= Tho., 24; Wm., 24 Jacques, Andrew, 47 James, Christopher, 26 ; Raph, 26 Jefferyes, Henry, 26; Wm., 26 Jewitt, Llewellynn, 40, 82 Jeynson, Arthur, 15 Johnson, Mr. Thos., 161 Jones, Hugh, 163; Thos., 163 Jowe, Radulphus, 149; Ricardus, 149 K, Karl, Thoma, 151 Kerry, Rev. Charles, 1 Keys, Mr., 81, 82, 91, 92 Kindar, Richard, 48 Kirke, Adam, 18, 22 Kitchen, Tho., 27 Kneveton, Johannis de, 147; Robertus de, 147 Knight, John, 6, 7 Kniveton, Baronet, 60 ‘Knot, Symon, 147 Knowles, Wm., 21 Knyveton, Hyde, 96, 106; Mr., 8; Mat- thew, 106; Sibyl, 96; Sir Wm., 60 Kyleburne, Emma, 98 ; Roger de, 98 L. Ladior, Mitchell, 6 Lancaster, Earl of, 133 Langeford, Ingel de, 103; Michael, 93; Nigel de, 93; Wm., 93 Langford, Mrs., 59 Langley, Rbt., 26 Larch, Johannis, 150; Radulphus, 150; Thomas, 150; Wil- lielmus, 150; Williel- mo, 154 Lee, Agnes, 145 ; Joan, 553 Sir John, 55 Leech, Jo., 117; John, 27; Rob., 23, 1483 Alors oy) Leedham, Henry, 162 ; James, 162 Lees, Rbt., 27 Leicester, Earl of, 133 Leigh, John, 21 Levinge, Mr., 58; Timothy, 118; Thomas, 118 Lewdell, Mrs., 56 _Leyr, Nicholas, 149 Lingard, Jo., 23 Lister, Ricardus, 148 Litlewood, Uxor., 28 Litton, Ricardo de, 153 Littone, Ricus de, 149 184 INDEX Longden, Edw., 18, 50; Ellis, 18 ; George, 20; Robt., 20; Richard, 27 enho:. tO Lorimar, Henry, 98 Lott, Wilhelmo, 151 Lothbury, Arthur, 109, 110 Wows wisi ean Leonard, 28; Peter, 28; Richard, 28 Lowe, Henry, 47, 50; Jno., 172; Tho., 19 Luci, Ricardi de, 124; Reginaldo de, 124 Ludlam, Christopher, 26 Lummas, Tho., 28 Lupus, Hugh, 1 M. Machin, John, 6 Mackworth, Emma de, 1; Edith, 1 ; Francis, 4; George, 4; Henry de, 1, 4,5; John, 2, 3, 4; Sir Thomas, 2-7; Richard, 4; Walter, 4; William de, I Mander, Mr., 160-162, 171 Manners, Lady Grace, 159, 167; Sir J., 167 Mantby, Tho., 29 Mapleton, Henrico de, 154 Marcel, Geoffrey, 94 Marchington, John, 28 Marescall, Cicely, 94; Philip de, 94 Marketon, Henricus de, 147 Marshall, Edw., 22; Ellis, 19, 25 ; Francis, 25; Adam, 22; God- frey, 22; Humphrey, 22; Lawrence, 23; Miles, 24; Rbt., 23; Tho., 24, 27 Martyn, Thomas, 149 Maseland, Richard, 21 Mason, Robertus le, 150 Massey, Mr., 156 Matthews, Mrs., 161 Mears, Thos., & Co., 164 Megeson, Henrie, 148; Thomas, 148 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. Meg, Widdow, 19 Mellor, Jno., 163 ; Ellis, 22; Raph, 20; Robert, 108, 109 Merry, John, 57, 58; Sir Henry, 57-59 Merssinton, Roger de, 93 Meynell, Godfrey, F., 107 Micocke, Tho., 27 Middleton, James, 23 Midleton, Ellis, 22 ; Jo., 23; Humphrey, 22)s\ | Martins) (gis Richard) 9/20, 123)5 Robert, 20, 23, 24; Wm., 24 Midward, Richard, 23 Millers, Capt., 115 Millor, Henrico, 153 Mills, Willielmus Chete- ham, 148 Millward, Henry, 161 Mitchell, Robert, 6 Molendarius, Thomas, 148 Molins, Wm., 112, 116 Moniash, Henricus de, 147 ; Symonis de, 147 Monk, Gen., I1I Monks, Rev. Mr., 159 Moore, Ric., 110-112, 116; Alicia, 154 Montford, Simon de, 133 Moreton, Sir Albert, 55 Morewoods, the, 161 Morins, Richard de, 74 Morten, Edw., 18 ; Ellis, 22; Geo., 22; God- frey, 22, Jio., 23, 30'$ Raph, 30; Robt., 26, 30 ; Thos., 19, 24, 25 ; Wm., 19 Motte, Galfrido, 154 Motterham, Isaac, 166 Mottram, Mr., 81, 89, 90, 92 Moyer, Sam., 111 Mundy, Edw., 46, 48, 50-53, 176; Gilbert, 47, 50-52; Francis, 49-51, 177 3 John, 48- 52, 1763; Jane, 176; Wm., 49, 50 Mundys, the, 175 Musard, Ralph, ror Mylers, Gilbert de, 106 N. Naden, Tho., 27 Naylor, Henry, 162 Neat, Thos., 163 Needham, Geo., 273 Mr., 16 Neighboure, Tho., 110 Newbon, Edw., 18 Nelson, Wm., 24 Newcastle, Lord, 61 Newton, George, 162; Isaac, 162; Robert, 47 Nickson, Edw., 27 Norman, John, 2 North, John, 109, 110 Northbur’, Ellen, 98; Henry, 102; Robert, 102; William de, 98, IOI, 102 Note, Willielmus, 147 Noton, Jno., 162 Nowell, Jo., 24 O. Offerton, Rob., 23 Offidecote, Robert de, 106 Ogden, Jo., 23 Ogton, Henry, 147 Okeover, Humphrey, 61; Rowland, 47, 50 Oldfeild, Ellis, 29; Edw., 29; Wm., 26 Oldfield, George, 177; Henry, 177 Oliver, Anthony, 21; Robert, 28 Ouram, Henry de, 103; Joan, 103 : Outram, Tho., 21 Overton, John, 29 Oxeton, Adam de, 104 ; Amice de, 104 Oyle, Roesia de, 100 pS Packington, 113, 114 Paddel, Philippus de, 150; Ricardi, 150; Robertus, 151; Hen- rico de, 153, 154 Paddelle, Henricus de, 148, 149 Thomas, i nee LOLOL ELL, TT i. INDEX” Padley, Adam, 22; Edward, 25; Tho., 24 Packington, Ann, 108; Sir John, 108 Palfreyman, Rob., 23; Tho., 29 Paramore, Jo., 18; Ralph, 19 ; Tho., 19 Parfey, Henry, 104 Pargeter, Wm., 114 Paris, Matthew, 122 Park, Edward de la, 3 Parker, Joseph, 47, 50 Parme, Roberts, 154 Parmenter, Ingred, 105 ; Thomas le, 105 ' Paryter, Wm., 113 Pearson, Jo., 29; Richard, 118 Peate, Thomas, 49 Peccth, Richard, 105 Pedley, Jo., 26 Pennington, Mr. Rovuke, 35 Pere, Willielmo, 153 Perne, Rudulpho, 153 Peters, 7 Peverel, Wm., 16, 120- 122, 126 Philippa, 76 Pickering, Rev. George, 177 Pickford, Jasper, 28 Picot, Peter, 106 Pidcock, Mr., 158 ; Mrs. 158 Pigtor, Ricardus de, 148 Pillesley, Robert, 106 ; Wm., 106 Pim, John, 109 Pite, William, ror Pitt-Rivers, Gen., 42 Plattes, Jo., 18, 30; Tho., 27 Pleasley, Serlo de, 124 Pleseleia, Serlonis de, 124 Plumbario, Petro, 152 Poole, Mrs. Dorothy, 177 Pope, Mr., 166 Porter, George, 47 Pott, Reynold, 28; Wm., 28 Potter, Mr. Joseph, 168 ; Ricardus, 147 Powell, John, 55 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. 185 Powtrell, 56 Poynton, Edw., 28; Ellis, 29; Hercules, 28; John, 28; Alicia de, 154 Prestclif, 154 Prez, John de, 97 Provost, Ricardo, 154 Punshaby, Thos., 162 Pygoth, Alice, 95; Wm., 95 Pym, Joseph, 118 Pymme, John, 110. Q. Quimby, 24 R. Ragg, Richard, 23; William, 175 Raine, Rev. Canon, 86 Rains, Mr., 31, 36, 41 Ramesbeye, Alexander de, 96 Rawson, Mr., 161 Rayner, Gervas, 47, 50 Readinge, Mr., 112 Rede, Johanna de, 153 Redfearn, Jno., 158; Rbt., 28; Richard, 162; Wm., 25 Remus, 91 Renshaw, Mr. Jno., 161 Revell, Richard, 61 Richardson, Jno., 159 Richmond, Earl of, 134 Riddiard, Miss, 162; Wm., 163 Roberts, George, 162 ; Matthew, 166; Wm., 162 Robinson, Anthony, 20; Abraham, 21; Ed- ward, 26; Francis, 25; Mr., 157; Nicho- las, 26; Rich., 25; Rob., 20; Thomas, 21, 26; Wm., 26; Miu. t Jest; 30; 174 Robyn, Roberto, 151 Rodeyerd, Johannes de, 148 Roe, Alice, 161; F., 161, 166 ; J., 161,166 ; Richard, 161, 162; Samuel, 157-160 Rogers, Tho., 29 Rokeby, Grace, 4; Ralph, 4 Rokele, Emma de, 104 ; John de, 104 Romulus, 91 Rose, Henry, 18; Willielmus, 147, 149 Rotouarius, Johannes le, 149 Roukesworthe, Adam de, 95; Hugh de, 95 Roulesley, Alota de, 153 Rowland, Robert, 47 Royden, James, 26 Royle, Richard, 28 Rudde, Willielmi, 141 Ruddyard, Thomas, 47, fo) ROR 55 Russell, Ja., 110, 116 Rutland, Duke of, 158, 161, 167, 171 Ryley, Richard, 108, 109 S. Sadler, Sir Ralph, 8; Wm., 49 Sanderson, Martin, 19 ; Tho., 19 Sarner, Willielmi, 147 Sarrazin, Margaret, 102 ; Roger, 102 Saunders, Dorothy, 61 ; Francis, 61 Savage, Geo., 114 Savile, Ellis, 29 ; Gerun- dine, 29; Jo., 29 Saxton, Philip Roe, 162 Scarsdale, Lord, 5, 8, 31 Schore, Henrico, 151 Scitwell, Christopher, 30 Scobill, Hen., 110 Scott, Sir Walter, 120 Scropstake, Richard, 5 Scudmore, Arthur, 26 Selclough, Henricus, 147 Sellers, Joseph, 162 Shakelcros, Benedictus de, 150 Shalcrosse, John, 27, 28 Sharp, Henry, 96 Sharshall, Wm., 26 186 INDEX Shaw, Matthias, 162; Wm., 27 Shepherd, Jobn, 7 Sherrard, Ann, 4; Geoffrey, 4 Shirley, Sir Henry, 58, 59 Shirleye, Henrico de, 152 Shirwod, Petro de, 151 Short, Thos., 162 Shortehaseles, John de, 100 Simpson, Robert, 161 ; Samuel, 161 Sitton, Radulpho, 152 Sitwell, George, 5 Siward, Earl, 1 Skiner, Rbt., 20 Slack, Edw., 21, 22 Slacke, Adam, 22 ; Geo., 22; Henry, 22; John, 18; Tho., 19, 24 Slater, Hen., 28; John,29 Smallwood, Mr. W., 161 Smalley, Edward, 6 Smith, Andrew, 22; Jmo:5) 7625" Rev. J ., 157; Saml., 159, 162; Wm., 25, 158, 162, 166 Smithe, Humphrey, 20 Smyth, Matthew, 47, 50; Roger, 23; Rowland, 28 ; Sir Francis, 59 Soresby, James, 26 Spanne, Agnes de la, 102 ; Ralph dela, 102 Spencer, John, Agreete de, 154 Speyar, Jo., 18 Squire, Richard, 47 Stabington, William de, 6 9 Stacy, Hawisia de, 153; Alicia, 153 Stafford, John, 18 Stainer, Thomas le, 148 Stainforth, George, 158 Staley, Nicholas, 19; iho:, 27 Stanedon, Nicholas de, 147, 153 Staniforth, 8, 159 Stanhope, Alexander, 112-114; Earl, 112; Sir Philip, 107 47 3 | Staunton, Thome, 140 OF THE NAMES OF PERSONS. Steedman, 58 Stevenson, Sally, 165; Tho., 19 Steyneby, Jocelin de, 96; William de, 96 Stoke, Nicholas, 150 Stone, John, 26 Stonne, Elena, 151; Johanne, 154; Letitia, 150, 1533 Ricardi, 151 Stradeley, Hugo de, 150 Stretton, Matilda, 106 ; Robert de, 106 Strutt, Matthew, 160, 161, 164; Robert, 161 Sumervile, Lucy de, 96 ; Roger de, 96 Swaine, Robert, 109, IIO, 113, 115 Swindell, Ashwood, 162; Jno., 162 Swinscow, Jo., 23 Sydebothom, Koberto de, 153 Sykes, Nicolas, 23 Synderland, Ellis, 22 ate Tailleur, Ricardus le, 145, 148 Tailloer, Roberti le, 150, 151; Willielmus, 150 Tamworthy, Mrs., 57 Tarrant, Jo., 159 Taylor, Hugh, 22; John, 163 ; Joseph, 6 ; Tho., 20; Will, 21 Teband, Cicely, Nicholas, Richard, 100 Terminius, 92 Thomason, Anthony, 20 Thornbull, Elya de, 151 Thornehill, Adam, 22 Thornhill, Jo., 30; Matthew, 23; Tho., 19, 20 Thorpe, Jno., 173 Tikenhall, Emma de, 100 ; 100; 93 Timperley, Tho., 29 Tomlinson, George, 26 Touchet family, 2, 3; Matthew, 174; Robert, 1743; Simon, 174; Thomas, 174, 176 Towning, Raph, 25 | Trentham, Sir Thomas, 59 Tricket, Hen., 22; Lawrence, 19, 303: Mary, 18 ; Tho., 19, 30 Trout, George, 25 Trowell, Robert, 118 Tuchet, Thomas, 102 Tunston, Hugo de, 148 Turner, John, 7 Turnnocke, Edw., 27 Twigge, Jno., 158 Tydeswell, Amice de, 103 ; Hugh de, 103 ; Thomas de, 103 Tyston, Robert de, 106 ; Wm. de, 106 U. Urdest, Ricardus de, 149; Thomas de, 149 NV; Vane, Sir Harry, 55 Vause, Lord, 56; Mrs., 56 5 Venur, Peter le, 103 Venus, 90 Vernun, Richard de, 100 Vicarius, Thomas, 149 Victory, 9I Vucher, Thomas, 148 Vulcan, 91 W. Waddy, Hugh, 25 Wagstaff, 7 Wake, Nicholas, ror Walkare, Hugone de, 152 Walker, Robert, 5 Walthall, Rev. Peter, 158, 161 Ward, Abram, 30; Gilbert, 62 ; John, 30- 32, 81; Samuel, 53; Wm., 27 Wardel, Johanni de, 154 Wardelowe, Henricus, 150; Johannes de, 149; Nicholas, 149; Radulphus de, 149 ; Ricardi, 149 Wareyn, Robertus, 150 INDEX Warner, Johanni, 135 Warrington, Tho., 21 Washere, Eustacia de, 151; Henrici de, 152 Waterfall, Wm., 162 Waterhouse, Joseph, 166 Watson, Henry, 173; Samuel, 160; White, 157, 160, 161, 166, 167, 173 Webbe, Thomas, 149 Wells, Humphrey, 21 ; Will, 21 Wendlesleg’, Galiena, 94; Nicholas de, 94 Wentworth, Mrs., 30 Wetton, Thomas, 47 Wheston, Willielmo de, 152 White, Abraham, 26; ile. 255, 205. Mr: Wm., 162 Whitehead, Geo., 28 Whyteneye, Walter de, 104 : Wibbersley, Tho., 27 Wildgoose, Benj., 162; George, 103; Sarah, 102; Wm., 163 OF THE Wilkinson, Edward, 6 Willes, Professor, 68 ; Wm., 19 William IIT., 112 William the Conqueror, 120, 121 Williams, Michael, 161, 163, 167; Mr., 81- 85, 88, 92,108, 109 Wilson, Adam, 27, 28; Edm., 20; Geo., 20, 22; Joseph, 21, 23, 27, MO2; RODE 2703 Thomas, 47; Wm, 24 : Winslow, Edw., _ 11o- 112, 116 Woderove, Gervasius, 149 ; Nicholas, 149 Wood, Anthony, 20; | Eliz., 22; Geo., 28; John, 23; Tho., 20, 29 Woodriffe, Ellis, 27; Geo., 27; Mark, 23; Tho., 19 Woodward, Mr., 159 Worrall, Anthony, 25, 30; Wm., 25 NAMES OF PERSONS. | | | 187 Worsley, Geo., 22 Worth, Rogerus, 158 Wotton, Thomas Lord 116 Wright, Adam, 22; Edw., 22; Hugh, 6; jos. 2315) Robert; I ? 59 Wryght, Henrico, 136; Willielmo, 141 Wyatt, Mr. Lewis, 168 Wydington, Simon de, IOL Wylcockson, Edward, 6 Wyld, Edw., 27 ; John, 22 Wyne, Johannes le, 148 ; Roberti le, 148 Wynefeud, William de, 98 Ne Yates, Rachel, 163 Yellott, Edw., 29 ; Jane, 19 ; Jo., 23 ; Ottiwell, 20; Tho., 19, 20 188 INDEX OF SNAMES | OF “PEACH S: A. Abbeneye, 149 Abney, 25 Agincourt, 128 Aldeport, 146 Alkmanton, 57 Allestree, 1, 46-53, 174, 176 Alsop-in-the-Dale, 61 Appletree, 56-58 Ashbourn, 79, 128 Ashby Fallows, 59 Ashe, 4 Ashford, 168, 173 Assyria, 41 Aston, 19, 94, 95 Auriguac, 43 Aysford, 146, 147, 150 B. Bakewell, 157-173 Barleburg, 96 Barnack, 71 Barnard’s Inn, 2 Barton, 58 Barton Blount, 59 Barton Lazar, 5, 6 Baslow, 145, 146, 153, 157, 165-168 Bastow, 152 Bancquell, 146-151, 155, 156 Bedford, 71 Beeley, 168 Beleye, 146, 148, 151, 153 Belvoir, 60 Benetleye, 99 Bentleg, 97 Bentley, 127, 128, 154 Beriston, 29 sirchenfeldt, 147 Birchills, 162 Birichwode, 98 Blakewelle, 99 Bobenhall, 146, 152 Bolsover, 123, 124 Boscinton, 102 Bothales, 148 Bradbourne, 68-80 Bradells, 106 Bradeston, 4 Bradwall, 22 Brassington Moor, 31 Bretby, 107, 109, 114 Brewode, 97 Brimigton, Io! Breydeshal, 103 Bristol, 65, 132 Brisselcote, 57 Brookhill, 61 Brough, 20, 142 Burgh, 146, 150 Buryash, 106 Buxton, 42, 148, 168 Bygrave, 65 148, Cc Caernarvon Castle, 79 Calvoure, 146, 147 Cambridge, 55, 63, 65 Carlisle, 132 Castle Gresley, 57 Castleton, 16, 34-36, 165 Castor, 83 Capelle del Frith, 149, 155 Cestrefeud, 104 Chaddesden, 99 Chapel-en-le-Frith, 34 Chattesworth, 146-149, 154, 155 Charnwood Forest, 58 IOI, 103, Chelmerton, 154 Chelmorton, 168 Chelmardon, 145, 146, 148, 151 Chester, 174 Chesterfield, 60, 128, 158, 166 Clapham, 71 Congsburgh, 146 Conkesburgh, 148, 155, 156 Coplow Dale, 29 Cotegrave, 98 Coventry, 74, 97, 100 Cranbourne Chase, 42 Cresswell, 42 Cubly, 108, 109 119, D. Darley, 174, 175, 176 Darley Hall, 53 Darlington, 157 Daurfort, 60 Depindon, 93 Derby, 2, 5 6, 8, 9, Il, 14, 46, 47, 60, 61, 98-103, 108, 111-119, 165, 166 Derbyshire, 16,47,53-62, 79, 89, 107-121, 126, 131, 14k, 157 Derventio, 81, 90, 92 Devil’s Hole, 121 Dodder Hill, 114 Draycott, 109, 118 Droitwich, 113 Duffeld, 152 Duffend, 98, 104, 136 Duneston, 101 Dunstable, 74, 75 Durham, 40 Dyfford, 154 Pr ee ee oe ee INDEX OF NAMES OF PLACES. 189 E. Ednesone, 145 Egypt, 41 Ekenton, 95 Empingham, 2, 4, 5 England, 15, 42, 44, 69, - 143 Etwall, 59 Europe, 44 Eyam, 165, 172 F. Fayrefield, 30 Feirfeld, 145, 146, 148, 151-156 Fennibenetlegh, 104 Fenny Bentley, 61, 127- 131 Fernilee, 150 France, 43, 44 Fisherton, 40 Froggatt, 148 G. Garlick Hyth, 61 Grange, 25 Greenlow, 25 \ Grene, 94 Grenlowe, 145 Gretford, 5 Gresley, 56-60, 137 Grove, 4 Gyneleg, 93 H. Haddon, 120, 145, 146, 154 Haddon Fields, 38, 89 Hadesfeld, 95 Hampton, III Harrowden, 56 Haselbach, I51, 152, 155 Haselsted, 146 Hassop, 58, 59, 147, 152, 153 Haslebadge, 29 Hanereshegg, 96 Heanor, 173 Hedleston Hall, 58 Herdwik, 96 Hereford, 65 Herteshorn, 100 Herthull, 145, 148, 151 | Hertfordshire, 65 Heyelowe, 150 High Lowe, 21 Hilton, 109 Hoclowes, 147 Holborn, 2 Holme, 142 Holme Hall, 158 Hopton, 163 Hope, 15-30, 53, 121, 142, 149, 153-156 Horsley, 109, 113 Hulme, ro, 150 Hucklow, Great, 27 Hucklow, Little, 28 Huntingdon, 16 I. Ilam, 42 Treland, 42 K. Karebrok, 135 Kedleston, 6, 7 Kent’s Cavern, 36 King’s Mead, Priory of, 176 Kirkhead, 42 Kirk Langley, 2 Kniveton, I L. Laithkirk, 157 Lancaster, 132, 134 Langeford, 103 Leicestershire, 5, 6, 58- 60, 116 Lenton, 101 Lenton Priory, 16 Lichfield, 15, 97, 100, 107, 114, 130, 142- 156 ; Lincoln, 2, 94-96, 104, 105 Litchurch, 56 Little Chester, 9-14, 81- 92 Litton, 147, 149 Liverpool, 171 London, 5, 6, 55, 57, 60, 61, 85, III, 162 Longclitfe, 31-45 Long Eaton, 117 Longeford, 97 Longlow, 38, Longsdon, 153 Longston, 145-148, 155, 165, 168 M. Mackworth, 1-8, 46, 47, 51, 102, 174, 177 Mam Tor, 121 Manchester, 160 Mansfield, 167 Mapelton, 153 Markeaton, 1-7, 46-48, 51, 174, 176, 177 Marteton, 152 Marton, 47, 51 Marston Moor, 79 Medwe, 100 Melbourne, 54-67, 132- 141 Melton, 94 Mercaston, 8 Messinton, 97 Meynell Langley,, 107 Middleton, 149, 150 Mileburne, 132 Minninglow, 43 Moniash, 146, 147, 150, 152, 156, 168 Morleston, 56 Mornesale, 146, 147, 154 Mulneton, 150 N. Nassington Dean, 2 Neither Ashop, 30 Nether Haddon, 148, 151, 156 Newland, 130 Newebold, 101 Normanton, 4-6 Northamptonshire, 61, 83, 131 Northbury, 98, 102 Norton Woodseats, 161 Nottingham, 120-124, 133, 172 Nottinghamshire, 4, 61, 118, 120 O. Offerton, 21, 150, 151 Offidecote, 106 Onash, 145 Oneston, 95 190 Over Haddon, 148, 155 Over Thurvaston, 58 Be Paddel, 150, 154 Padley, 21 Paris, 65 Parwich, 94 Peak, Castle of the, 120- 126 Peak Cavern, 34 Peak Forest, 34 Pechefers, 126 Pembroke, 43 Perthi-chwaren, 43 Peterborough, 73 Peuerwyz, 94 Pindale End, 19 Poictiers, 3 Pontefract, 133 Poole’s Hole, 42 Presteclift, 148, 152 Presteign, 55 R. Rains Cave, 31-45 Redesleye, 93 Renishaw, 5 Repton, 56, 57 Risley, 4 Rochester, 73 Rome, 14 Rossinton, 98 Rowsley, 142, 146, 147 Rowsley, Great, 167 Rutland, 4, 6 Sh Salisbury, 40 Sandiacre, 4 Sapecoat, 104 Saundiacre, 97 INDEX OF Sawcy Hill, 49, 50 Sawley, 109, 112, 116, PUL) Scotland, 42 Settle, 42 Shalcrosse, 27 Shankton, 61 Shatton, 20, 150 Sheladon, 153 Sheldon, 158 Shelford, 107 Sheffield, 38, 39, 157, 163, 171, 173 Shrewsbury, 89 Shropshire, 58, 83 Somerset, 5 Spain, 44, 112 Spondon, 4 Staffordshire, 42 Stanedon, 152 Stanleye, 101 Stanley Grange, 56 Standon, 100 Stanton-by-Dale, 4 Sterndale, 162 Stewkley, 71 Steynesby, 106 St. Ives, 16 Stcke, 146, 150 Stockingcote, 172 Stooke, 21 te Taddington, 168 Tadinton, 145, 146, 148- 152, 154, 156 Thornhill, 20 Thornhull, 150 Thrapstone, 120 Tickenhall, 89 Ticknall, 62 Tideswell, 104, 142, 148- 150, 172 NAMES OF PLACES. Torquay, 36 Tottenham, 55 Trusley, 55, 56, 60, 63 Tunsted, 149 Tutbury, 4, 8, 60 Tybeshelf, 97 Tykenhall, 93, 105 U. Uriconium, 89 W. Wardelowe, 150 Wardlow, 26 Warwick, 106 Wellingborough, 60 West Broughton, 57 West Hallam, 56 Westminster, 55, 93-97, 103-106 Westwood, 108 Wheston, 149, 152 Whetston, 104 Wiltshire, 42 Windemill House, 28 Winyates, the, 5 Winkbourne, 176 Witham, 5 Wodethorpe, 106 Worcestershire, 113, 114 Woodland, 29 Wydington, 101 Wynesleye, 99 109, ie York, 103 Yorkshire, 40, 172 BEMROSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, DERBY AND LONDON, nc eel Ron : 2'7MAY 1935 1890. JOURNAL OF THE ERBYSHIRE | Ancumouoctca AND — | NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. cee BEMROSE & Sane oe OLD BAILEY ; AND DERBY. | DERBYSHIRE RECORD SERIES, In connection with the Derbyshire Archeological Society and the British Record Society, and TO BE EDITED BY W. P. W. PHILLIMORE, M.A., B.C.L., Author of “ How to write the History of a Family.” ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, 10/6. Bp ue Council of the DrrsysHiRE ARCHAOLOGICAL Society desire to remind members of this Society _ of their recent proposal for a special REcoRD SERIES re- lating to Derbyshire. The Council feel strongly that ‘ _ Derbyshire ought not to be behind other counties in printing _ clues to its records, and they therefore wish to urge members _ to send in their names as Subscribers without delay, so that the series may be at once proceeded with. The series will _ be commenced as soon as 150 names are received. ARTHUR COX, Hon. SEc. Mir~ Hitt, Derry. PROPOSED ISSUES. . I—Lichfield Wills and Administrations—1510 to 1652. These include the whole of Derbyshire. II.—Fees and Fines, Henry VII., 1485 to 1509. III.—Inquisitiones post mortem. Stuart period, 1603 to é - 1645. And if sufficient support be accorded, IV.—Miscellanea. [Er POs FORM OF ORDER. eee The Derbyshire Record Series, In connection with the Derbyshire Archeological Society. Epiror: W. P. W. PHILLIMORE, M.A,, B.C.L. AAR AR een ad Mr. C. J. CiarK, Publisher, 4, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, W.C. Please enter my name as an Annual Subscriber to the DERBYSHIRE RECORD SERIES, (0 de issued quarterly... Sub- scription Hal/-a Guinea, post free. Yours truly, SU WQIUTE Uo Mie i ee As A BAPOSS oe ho eee Pasi N.B.—Non-subscribers will only be supplied with the volumes, when complete, at a considerably enhanced price. t= Should the number of Annual Subscribers exceed 300, four extra sheets, i.e, 64 pages, will be given yearly without any additional charge. - VOL. Sarr. PLATE I. Carvep STONE FROM THE OLD Manor House, BELPER. ARMORIAL STONE TAKEN FROM THE OLD BripGE, BELPER. JOURNAL DERBYSHIRE AKCHA OLOGICAL NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. EDITED BY mew |. CHARLES “COX, LED. “F:S:A. VOL. XII. PESBK UsARY, 18 Qo. Dondon: BEMROSE AND SONS, 23, OLD BAILEY; AND DERBY. iii CONT EN TS.. PAGE List OF OFFICERS” - - - - Sas > = = : ¥ RULES - - - - - : - - - - : = syilt LisT OF MEMBERS - - - - : : - : = = 1 SECRETARY'S REPORT -.~— - : - 2 E é : 3 ese BALANCE SHEET - - - - - - = “ : 3 xxx Some Notes ON OLD BELPER AND OLD BELPER Books. By T. R. DErRkyY - : - - - - : = : I A CALENDAR OF THE FINES FOR THE COUNTY Or DERBY FROM THEIR COMMENCEMENT IN THE REIGN OF RICHARD I. By Messrs. HARDY AND PAGE - = > © = es BECKET’s WELL, DERBY. By GEORGE BAILEY - - = = = : : > =e ON SOME CONTORTED STRATA IN THE YOREDALE ROCKS NEAR ASHOVER. By JOHN WARD - - - E = i : z 5 RH BELPER REGIMENT—GRENADIERS. By THE Rev. J. CHaRLes Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. : aes ON sOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. By JoHN WARD - - : - - : : < = 4108 HEMINGTON CHURCH, WITH THE MORE ANCIENT OF THE HeEm- INGTON DEEDs. By THE REV. CHARLES KERRY - - < - 2 - 139 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. By THE Rev. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. - = - 162 PREBENDAL Houses AT LITTLE CHESTER. By GEORGE BAILEY - - - - = = = - 170 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. By GeorGeE FLETCHER - - = 2 2 : - S82 Pocket ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. By Srr GEORGE SITWELL, Bart. - - - - - 193 SomME Nores ON DEEPDALE CAVE, Buxton. By THE Rev. J. CuArRLEs Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. - - 228 LIST OF PLATES. CARVED AND ARMORIAL STONES, BELPER - SKULL D. 3., HARBOROUGH Rocks, Barrow, SHIRE - - - - - spine, 1D AG, DITTo SKULL D. 5., Ditto SKULL D. 6., DiTTo Views OF HEMINGTON CHURCH - DITTo DitTTo DIT10 TO FACE PAGE - frontispiece. DErby- ; “433 = - 134 = - 134 ee 35 141 List gor ORFICERS:. president ; THe DU ero DE VONSH LR BE,” K.-G. Vice- Presidents ;. Duke oF Norro_k, K.G., E.M. DUKE OF RUTLAND. DUKE OF PORTLAND. MARQUESS OF HARTINGTON. Lorp SCARSDALE. LorD VERNON. Lorp WATERPARK. Lorp BELPER. Lorp HowarpD OF GLOsSOP. Lorp EIINDLIP. Lorp BurToNn. Ricut Rev. Lorp BISHOP OF LICHFIELD. ‘RicutT Rev. Lorp BISHOP OF SOUTHWELL. Hon. W. M. JERVIs. Hon. FREDERICK STRUTT. RIGHT Rev. BisHop ABRAHAM. Sir H. S. WiLmotT, Barr., VEG. G.B: Sir J. G. N. ALLEYNE, Barr. S1R ANDREW BARCLAY WALKER, BART. Sir T. WILLIAM EVANS, BART. VerRY Rev. DEAN OF LICHFIELD, VEN. ARCHDEACON BALSTON. J. G. Crompton, Esq. N. C. Curzon, Esq. G. F. MEYNELL, Esq. H. H. BemMrRose. Council : JouNn BaILey. GEORGE BaILeEy. WILLIAM BEMROSE. Joun BoroucuH. Rev. J. Cartes Cox, LL.D., B.S.A. C. G. SAVILE FoLjaMBE, M.P., F.S.A. WILLIAM JOLLEY. Rev. F. JOURDAIN. RICHARD KEENE. F. J. Ropinson. C, JAMES CADE. Hon. Creasurer ; C. E. NEwrTon. J. B. CouLson. J. GALLop. T. W. CHARLTON. E. GREENHOUGH. SiR JAMES ALLPorT. W. H. Hopces. W. MALLALIEU. Won. Wess, M.D. W. R. HoLianp. REV. CHARLES KERRY. ALBERT HarTsHORNE, F.S.A. A. E, COKAYNE. JOHN WARD. J. R. Naytor. Hon. Secretary ; ARTHUR Cox. Auditors : Wm. BEMROSE. vii ul Lise, I.—NAME. The Society shall be called the ‘‘ DERBYSHIRE ARCH ZOLOGICAL AND NaTuRAL History SOcIierTy.”’ Il. —ObsyjEctT. The Society is instituted to examine, preserve, and illustrate the Archzology and Natural History of the County of Derby. IIT.— OPERATION. The means which the Society shall employ for effecting its objects are :— 1.—Meetings for the purpose of Reading Papers, the Exhibition of Antiquities, etc., and the discussion of subjects connected therewith. 2.—General Meetings each year at given places rendered Interesting by their Antiquities or by their Natural development. d 3-—The publication of original papers and ancient documents, etc. IV.— OFFICERS. The Officers of the Society shall consist of a President and Vice- Presidents, whose elections shall be for life; and an Honorary ‘Treasurer and Honorary Secretary, who shall be elected annually. V.—COUuUNCIL. _ The General Management of the affairs and property of the Society shail be vested in a council, consisting of the President, viii RULES. Vice-Presidents, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Secretary, and twenty-four Members, elected from the general body of the Subscribers ; eight of such twenty-four Members to retire annually in rotation, but to be eligible for re-election. All vacancies occurring during the year to be provisionally filled up by the Council. VI.—ADMISSION OF MEMBERS. The election of Members, who must be proposed and seconded in writing by two Members of the Society, shall take place at any meeting of the Council, or at any General Meetings of the Society. VII.—SvuBSCRIPTION. Each Member on election after March 31st, 1878, shall pay an Entrance Fee of Five Shillings, and an Annual Subscription of Ten Shillings and Sixpence. All Subscriptions to become due, in advance, on the 1st January each year, and to be paid to the Treasurer. A composition of Five Guineas to constitute Life Membership. The composition of Life Members and the Admission Fee of Ordinary Members to be funded, and the interest arising from them to be applied to the general objects of the Society. Ladies to be eligible as Members on the same terms. No one shall be entitled to his privileges as a Member of the Society whose subscription is six months in arrear. VIII.— Honorary MEMBERS. The Council shall have the power of electing distinguished Antiquaries as Honorary Members. Honorary Members shall _ not be resident in the County, and shall not exceed twelve in number. Their privilege shall be the same as those of Ordinary Members. 1X.—MEETINGS OF COUNCIL. The Council shall meet not less than six times in each year, at such place or places as may be determined upon. Special meetings may also be held at the request of the President, or Five Members of the Society. Five Members of Council to form a quorum. RULES. 1X X.—Sus-COMMITTEES. The Council shall have the power of appointing from time to time such sectional or Sub-Committees as may seem desirable for the carrying out of special objects. Such sectional or Sub- Committees to report their proceedings to the Council for confirmation. X1.— GENERAL MEETINGS. The Annual Meeting of the Society shall be held in January each year, when the Accounts, properly audited, and a Report shall be presented, the Officers elected, and vacancies in the Council filled for the ensuing year. The Council may at any time call a General Meeting, specifying the object for which that Meeting is to be held. A clear seven days’ notice of all General Meetings to be sent to each Member. XII.—ALTERATION OF RULEs. No alteration in the Rules of the Society shall be made except by a majority of two-thirds of the Members present at an Annual or other General Meeting of the Society. Full notice of any intended alteration to be sent to each member at least seven days before the date of such Meeting. PAST Oe. MEMBERS. —+ £9} The Members whose names are preceded by an asterisk (*) are Life Members. Cox, Rev. J. Charles, LL.D., F.S.A.; Barton-le-Street Rectory, Malton. Fitch, R., F.S.A., Norwich. Greenwell, The Rev. Canon, F.S.A., Durham. Honorary Members. Irvine, J. T., 167, Cromwell Road, Peterborough. Wrottesley, General The Hon. George, 85, Warwick Road, Earl’s Court, London, S.W. * Abney, Captain W. de W., F.R.S., C.B., Willesley House, Wetherby Road, South Kensington, London. *Abraham, The Right Rev. Bishop, Lichfield. Adams, A. J., Bakewell. Addy, S. O., George Street, Sheffield. Alleyne, Sir John G. N., Bart., Chevin House, Belper. Allport, Sir James, Duffield, Derby. Allsopp, The Hon. A. Percy, Hindlip Hall, Worcester. * Arkwright, Rev. W. Harry, Vicarage, Cromford. Arkwright, James C., Cromford. * Arkwright, F. C., Willersley, Cromford. Armstrong, Rev. E. P., Mackworth Vicarage, Derby. Atkinson, Rev. F., Darley Dale. Bagshawe, W. H. G., Ford Hall, Chapel-en-le-Frith. Bagshawe, F. Westby, The Oaks, Sheffield. Bailey, John, The Temple, Derby. Bailey, George, 32, Crompton Street, Derby. Balguy, F. Noel, Junior Carlton Club, London. Balston, The Ven. Archdeacon, D.D., The Vicarage, Bakewell. Barnes, Capt., Beaconsfield, Bucks. LIST OF MEMBERS. Bate, James O., Gerard Street, Derby. Bateman, F. O. F., Breadsall Mount, Derby. Bateman, Miss, Rowditch Lodge, Derby. LGeamish, Major, R.E., 28, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Beard, Nevill, The Mount, Ashburne. Belper, ‘Ihe Right Honourable I.ord, Kingston Hall. Bemrose, H. H., Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Bemrose, William, Elmhurst, Lonsdale Hill, Derby. Bennett, George, Irongate, Derby. *Bickersteth, The Very Rev. E., D.D., The Deanery, Lichfield. Bishop, E. J., Osmaston Road, Derby. Blackwall, J. B. E., Biggin, Wirksworth. Bland, Wm., Duffield, Derby. Boden, Richard, Grove Terrace, Osmaston Road, Derby. Boden, Walter, Abbot’s Hill, Derby. Boden, Rev. C. I., Morley Rectory, Derby. Bogonschevsky, The Baron Nicholas Cassimir de, Pskov, Russia. Borough, John, The Cedars, Belper. Bradbury, Edward, Belper. Bradbury, Wm. Laurence, 10, Bouverie Street, Strand, London, W.C. Bridge, Rev. T., Poynton, Stockport. Brigden, Geo., Irongate, Derby. Brindley, Benjn., South Parade, Derby. Brooke, Rev. Wm., 70, Bloomfield Street, Derby. Brushfield, T. N., M.D., The Cliff, Budleigh-Salterton, Devon. Bryan, Benjn., 18, Grandison Road, Clapham Common, London, S W. Buchanan, Alexander, Wilson Street, Derby. Burton, The Right Hon. The Lord, Rangemoor, Burton-on-Trent. Busby, C. S. B., Duffield Road, Derby. *Cade, Chas. James, Spondon. *Cammell, G. H., Brookfield Manor, Hathersage. Campion, Frederick, Ockbrook, Derby. Campion, Frank, Glenarm, Longton Avenue, Upper Sydenham, London. Cantrill, Mrs. W., Charnwood Street, Derby. Carrington, W. Alex., Wye Cottage, Bakewell. Carter, F., Irongate, Derby. Charlton, Thomas W., Chilwell Hall, Notts. Chetham Library, Manchester—J. E. Tinkler. Christian, Rev. F. W., The Vicarage, South Wingfield. Clark, G. D’Arcy, Burnaston, Derby. Clayton, Mrs., Queen Street, Derby. xl xil LIST OF MEMBERS. Clowes, Wm., Norbury, Ashburne. Cokayne, Andreas E., Bakewell. *Cokayne, G. E., F.S.A., College of Arms, London. *Coke, Colonel Talbot, Debdale, Mansfield. Cooling, Edwin, Irorgate, Derby. Cooke, Charles, Spondon. Cooper, Wm., School Board Office, Strand, Derby. Copestake, T. G., Kirk Langley. Cottingham, Rev. Henry, The Vicarage, Heath. Coulson, J. B., Friar Gate, Derby. Coulson, G. M., Friar Gate, Derby. Cox, William, Brailsford. Cox, Arthur, Mill Hill, Derby. Cox, F. Walker, Priory Flatte, Breadsall, Derby. Cox, Miss, The Hall, Spondon. Crompton, J. G., The Lilies, Derby. *Cross, Robert, Bakewell. Crowther, William, Free Library, Derby. Curgenven, W. G., M.D., Friar Gate, Derby. Currey, B. S., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. Currey, Rev. R. H. S., St. Anne’s, Derby. Currey, Percy H., Little Eaton Hill, Derby. *Curzon, Nathaniel C., Lockington Hall, Derby. Davis, Frederick, F.S.A., Palace Chambers, S. Stephen’s, Westminster. Derry, T. R., Bank House, Belper. Devonshire, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., Chatsworth. Downing, Wm., Olton, Birmingham. Dunn, C. B. Noble, The Tors, Crich, Derby. Eckett, S. B., Advertiser Office, Derby. Eddowes, C. K., Eddowes, Mrs. C. K. Edwards, H. V., Mackworth, Derby. Egerton, Admiral The Hon. F., Devonshire House, London. *Evans, Sir T. W., Bart., Allestree, Derby. Evans, Walter, Darley Abbey. *Evans, John, 20, Bolton Street, Piccadilly, London. Evans, Henry, Highfields, Derby. Evans, Robert, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. *Eyre, Lewis, 78, Radcliffe Gardens, Kensington, London, S. W. St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. ~~ LISE OF MEMBERS. xili *Fane, William Dashwood, Melbourne Hall. Feilden, Rev. Randle, Mugginton, Derby. Ffytche, Lewis, F.S.A., The Terrace, Freshwater, I. W. Fisher, Edwd., Abbotsbury, Newton Abbot, Devon. *Fitz-Herbert, J. K., Twynham, Bournemouth. *Fitz-Herbert, Rev. Regd. H. C., Somersal Herbert, Derby. *Foljambe, Cecil G. Savile, M.P., F.S.A., Cockglode, Ollerton, Newark. Forman, Rev. T. R., St. Alkmund’s, Derby. Forman, Hy., Chellaston, Derby. Fox, Rev. W., The Rectory, Stanton-by-Dale. *Freer, Rev. T. H., Sudbury, Derby. Furneaux, Rev. W. M., Repton Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Furniss, Geo., Roundsworth House, Willesden, London. Gallop, Joseph, Normanton Road, Derby. Garbutt, Horace, 31, Friar Gate, Derby. *Gisborne, Miss, Allestree Hall, Derby. Gisborne, T. M., Walton, Burton-on-Trent. Glossop, Chas. Henry, Sheffield and Rotherham Bank, Bakewell. Goldie, Rev. A. R., The Grange, Thulston, Derby. Goode, Mrs. *Goodwin, F. S., Bridge House, Bakewell. Green, J. Frank, Ashford, Bakewell. Greenhough, Edward, Parkfield, Willersley Road, Matlock. Greensmith, L. J., Longcliffe House, Charnwood Street, Derby. Greenwell, Geo. C., F.G.S., Elm Tree Lodge, Duffield. Groves, Rev. C. W., Grammar School, Risley. Hall, J. Payne, Uttoxeter. Hall, Rev. Tansley, Boyleston, Derby. Hambly, C. H. Burbidge, Holmside, Hazelwood, Derby. Hamilton, Rev. C. J., The Vicarage, Doveridge. Hartington, The Most Noble the Marquess of, M.P., Devonshire House, Piccadilly, London. Hartshorne, Albert, F.S.A., Bradbourne, Wirksworth. Harpur-Crewe, Lady, Spring Hill, East Cowes, I. W. *Harpur-Crewe, Hugo, Chantrey House, Melbourne. Harwood, James, Tenant Street, Derby. Haslam, A. Seale, Duffield Road, Derby. Henley, Mrs. A., 145, Uttoxeter New Road, Derby. Hindlip, The Right Hon. the Lord, Doveridge, Derby. XIV LIST OF MEMBERS. Hipkins, Rev. F. C., Priory, Repton. Hodges, W. H., Osmaston Road, Derby. Holland, W. R., Ashburne. Hollis, H. W., F.R.A.S., Butterley. Holly, Wm., Ockbrook. Holmes, Major, Makeney Lodge, Derby. Holmes, H. M., London Road, Derby. Holmes, H. M., Jun., London Road, Derby. Holmes, G. E., London Road, Derby. Hope, W. H. St. John, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, Hope, R. C., F.S.A., Albion Crescent, Scarborough. *Hovenden, R., Heathcote, Park Hill Road, Croydon. Howard, The Right Hon. Lord, of Glossop, Glossop Hall. Howard, W. F., Cavendish Street, Chesterfield. Huish, Darwin, Wardwick, Derby. Hunt, J. A., The Poplars, Ockbrook, Derby. Hunter, John, Field Head House, Belper. *Hurt, Albert F., Alderwasley, Derbyshire. Hurt, Miss, 46, Clifton Gardens, Maida Hill, London, W. Jackson, John P., Stubbing Edge, Chesterfield. *Jervis, The Hon. W. M., Quarndon, Derby. Jervis, Hon. E. S, Parker, Aston Hall, Sutton Coldfield. Jessop, W. de Burgh, Overton, Alfreton. Jeudwine, W. W., Holywell House, Chesterfield. Jobson, Godfrey, Derwent Foundry, Derby. Johnson, E. S., Littleover Hill, Derby. Johnson, Rev. Wm., Repton. Jolley, William, Eldon Chambers, Nottingham. Jones, Rev. T. J., Tickenhall, Derby. Jourdain, Rev. Francis, The Vicarage, Ashburne. Keene, Richard, Iron Gate, Derby. Kerry, Rev. Chas., Stenebroom, Alfreton. Kewley, Rev. J. W., The Rectory, Matlock. Keys, John, 1, Rose Hill Street, Derby. Kingdon, Clement B., Ednaston Lodge. Kirke, H., Georgetown, Demerara, West Indies. Kirkland, Capt. Walter, 23, Upperton Gardens, Eastbourne. Lamb, John, Corn Market, Derby. LIST OF MEMBERS. XV Langdon, W., The Lawn, Belper. Leacroft, Rev. C. H., The Brackenfield, Alfreton. Leader, J. D., F.S.A., Moor End, Sheffield. Ley, Francis, Manor House, Barrow-on-Trent. Lichfield, The Dean and Chapter of—Chas. Gresley, The Close, Lichfield. Lichfield, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Lichfield. Litherland, Hy., The Gardens, Osmaston Road, Derby. Livesay, Wm., M.D., Sudbury, Derby. Lomas, J., Marble Works, King Street, Derby. Lowe, William Drury, Locko Park, Derby. Mackie, John, Cliffe House, Crigglestone, near Wakefield, and Watford Villa, New Mills, Stockport. Maclean, Hugh, Ashburne. Madan, Rev. Nigel, West Hallam. Mallalieu, W., Swallows’ Rest, Ockbrook. Manchester Public Free Library—C. W. Sutton, King Street, Manchester. Manton, J. O., Wharfdale Villa, Swinburne Street, Derby. Marriott, J. C., Darley Abbey, Derby. Martin, Rev. W., St. Chad’s, Derby. McInnes, E., 192, Osmaston Road, Derby. Meakin, Miss, Spondon, Meakin, Miss A., Spondon, Mellor, Rev. T. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Mellor, H. Vernon, Idridgehay Vicarage, Derby. Meynell, Godfrey F., Meynell Langley, Derby. Milligan, Colonel, Cauldwell Hall, Burton-on-Trent. Mills, Henry, Laurels, Etwall. Milnes, Rev. Herbert, The Vicarage, Winster. Milnes, E. S., Culland Mount, Derby. Mole, R. L. Homer, Full Street, Derby. Molineux, Rev. C. H., Staveley Rectory, Chesterfield. Morley, Henry, London Road, Derby. Mundy, Edward Miller, Shipley Hall. Mundy, Rev. T. B., Wilne, Derby. Murray, Frank, London Street, Derby. Naylor, J. R., Littleover Hill, Derby. Neal, Thos., Chestnut House, Highfield Road, Derby. _ Newdigate, Colonel F. W., West Hallam, Derby. Newmane, Madame Cavania, George Street, Derby. XVi LIST OF MEMBERS. Newton, C. E., The Manor House, Mickleover. Nodder, Miss Jemima C., Marsh Green, Ashover, Chesterfield. Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, K.G., E.M., Arundel Castle. Oakes, T. H., Riddings House. Oakes, C. H., Holly Hurst, Riddings. Oakes, James, Holly Hurst, Riddings. Olivier, Rev. Alfred, Normanton, Derby. *Paget, Joseph, Stuffynwood, Mansfield. Parkin, J. R., Idridgehay. Pegge, W. M., Bridge Street, Burton-on-Trent. Portland, His Grace the Duke of, Welbeck, Notts. Ratcliffe, Robert, Newton Park, Burton-on-Trent. Robinson, F. J., Darley Slade, Duffield Road, Derby. *Rutland, His Grace The Duke of, Belvoir Castle. Sale, W. H., The Uplands, Burton Road, Derby. Sandys, Captain H. Stair, R.N., Spondon. Sankay, W. H., Sandiacre, Derby. Scarsdale, The Right Hon. Lord, Kedleston. *Schwind, Charles, Broomfield, Derby. Seely, Charles, Sherwood Lodge, Nottingham. Shaw, Rev. G. A., Mackworth Vicarage, Derby. Shaw, John, Normanton House, Derby. Sheldon, T. G., Congleton, Cheshire. Shuttleworth, John Spencer Ashton, Hathersage Hall, Sheffield. Sitwell, Sir George, Bart., F.S.A., Renishaw, Chesterfield. * Slack, J. B., Tulse Hill House, Upper Tulse Hill, London, S.W. Sleigh, John, Eversley, Matlock, Smith, F. N., Wingfield Park, Alfreton. *Southwell, Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, Thurgarton Priory, Notts. Spilsbury, Rev. B. W., Findern, Derby. Statham, Geo. E., Matlock Bridge. Stephenson, M., F.S.A., 81, Parchmore Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey. Storer, Charles John, Market Place, Derby. Strick, Richard, Wolstanton, Stoke-on-Trent. LIST OF MEMBERS. xVli *Strutt, The Hon. Frederick, Milford House, Derby. Strutt, Herbert G., Makeney, Derby. Sutherland, George, Arboretum Square, Derby. Swanwick, F., Whittington, Chesterfield. Swingler, Henry, Ireton Wood House, Derby. Taylor, Frederick Ernest, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, H. Brooke, Bakewell. Taylor, Wm. Grimwood, 83, Friar Gate, Derby. Taylor, A. G., St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Taylor, Mrs. A. G., St. Mary’s Gate, Derby. Tetley, Rev. W. H., Charnwood Street, Derby. Tinkler, S., Derwent Street, Derby. Thornewill, Robert, The Abbey, Burton-on-Trent. -Towfe, R. N., Borrowash, Derby. Trollope, Hon. C. W., New Bath Hotel, Matlock. Trubshaw, Chas., St. Aubyn Viila, 123, Osmaston Road, Derby. Trueman, H., The Lea, Esher, Surrey. Turbutt, W. Gladwyn, Ogston Hall, Alfreton. *Vernon, Right Hon. The Lord, Sudbury. Waite, R., Duffield, Derby. *Walker, Sir A. B., Bart., Osmaston Manor, Derby. Walker, J., Old Uttoxeter Road, Derby. Walker, Benjamin, Spondon, Derby. Walker, William, Lea Wood, Cromford. *Walthall, H. W., Alton Manor, Wirksworth. _ Ward, John, St. Peter’s Bridge, Derby. _ Wardell, Stuart C., Doe Hill House, Alfreton. _ Waterpark, the Right Hon. Lord, Doveridge. Webb, Wm., M.D., Wirksworth. Whiston, W. Harvey, Idridgehay. *Whitehead, S. Taylor, Burton Closes, Bakewell. Williams, J., Midland Railway, Derby. *Wilmot, Sir Henry, Bart., V.C., C.B., Chaddesden Hall. ‘Wilmot, Rev. F. E. W., Chaddesden. Wilmot, Mrs. Edmund, Edge Hill, Derby. lilson, Arthur, 14, Friar Gate, Derby. Wood, H. J., Breadsall Priory, Derby. XVill LIST OF MEMBERS. Wood, Rev. Sumner C., Marsden, Huddersfield. Woodforde, W. B., Breadsall Lodge, Derby. Woods, Sir Albert, Garter King-at-Arms, College of Arms, London. Woodyatt, Rev. George, Repton Vicarage. Worthington, W. H., Derwent Bank, Derby. Wright, F. W., Full Street, Derby. *Wright, Charles, Wirksworth. Xix PAE. HON: SECRETARY'S REPORT; 1889. WHE Eleventh Anniversary of the Society was held in the School of Art (kindly lent by the Committee for the occasion) on Friday, February 8th, 1889. J G. Crompton, Esq., Vice-President, was announced to preside, but was prevented, at the last moment, by illness, and the chair was taken by the Hon. F. Strutt. The Report for the past year, showing a satisfactory financial position, was read and adopted. The officers for the year commencing were elected. The meeting confirmed the provisional election by the Council to the seat vacant by the resignation of Mr. Cooling, of Mr. John Ward, and re-elected all the members of Council retiring under Rule V.— viz., Messrs. Foljambe, Frith, Jolley, Jourdain, Keene, Robinson, Cade, and Gallop. The Hon. Treasurer, Hon. Sec., Hon. Sec. of Finance, and the Auditors were also re-elected. Mr. William Bemrose read a valuable and interesting paper upon “ Woodwork, Domestic,” illustrated by an exhibit of various pieces of furniture, carved panels, etc. The Rev. Dr. Cox followed with some notes on “ Woodwork, Ecclesiastical.” The attention of the meeting was called to a proposed scheme for the establishment of a Derbyshire Record Society, to be affiliated to the Derbyshire Archzological and Natural History Society. The meeting approved the scheme generally, leaving all further details in the hands of the Council. The Duke of Rutland was elected a Life Member and Vice- XX REPORT. President of the Society, and seven other new members were elected. During the past year there have been five meetings of the Council, the attendance at which still leaves something to be desired as regards numbers. The first expedition of the Society for the past year was arranged to take place on Saturday, May 11th. It was proposed to visit the Owen’s College, at Manchester, Professor Boyd Dawkins having promised to receive the visitors, show the Museum collections, and to give an address. As, however, only some eight or nine members signified their intention of joining the expedition, it was abandoned. On Saturday, August 17th, an expedition was held to Chester- field and Staveley. The party left Derby in special saloon carriages attached to the 12.30 train for Chesterfeld. Luncheon was taken at the ‘‘ Angel” Hotel, after which the church of St. Mary and All Saints was visited. The Rev. Dr. Cox con- ducted the party over the church, and described the archi- tectural features, and also gave some very interesting extracts from the old registers bearing upon the fearful visitation of the Plague in the 16th century. The series of monuments were described by the Rev. Charles Kerry. After inspecting the church, the party drove in breaks via Whittington and the old «‘ Revolution” house to *‘ The Hagge,” an old shooting lodge of the de Freschville family, where the owner, Mr. Crawshaw, received the visitors, and allowed them to examine the panelled rooms, solid oaken staircase, the haunted chamber, and the base- ment story. From the Hagge the drive was continued to Staveley Rectory, where the Rector, the Rev. C H. Molineux, hospitably provided tea, and afterwards conducted the visitors over the church, the structure and monuments being described by the Rev. Charles Kerry. The party drove back to Chesterfield station in time for the 8.13 p.m. train for Derby. Another expedition was held on Saturday, September 21st, to Castle Donington, Hemington, and Lockington. The party started from the Free Library, Derby, at 11.0 a.m., and drove REPORT. xxl direct to Castle Donington church. The Vicar, the Rev. A. S. Mammait, received and conducted the visitors over the church, and read the following paper descriptive of its past history :— CASTLE DONINGTON CHURCH. I HAVE much pleasure in offering to you a few remarks on our church, craving your indulgence, as only an. amateur in antiquarian matters. And in attempting to describe this interesting church I shall largely use a paper read before the British Archzeol gical Society at Leicester, in 1862, by Dr. Pearson, of this place, which he compiled from the best sources, chiefly, I believe, Nichols’ ‘‘ Leicestershire,” and there are some points which he does not mention to which I should like to draw your attention. There is a difference of opinion about the dedication of the church. Some authorities say that the patron saint is King Edward the Martyr, who was murdered in 979; others declare that the church is dedicated to St. Luke ‘‘ the beloved physician ;” and, as is usual in such cases, there seems to be good reasons for either theory. But I will not pursue that subject. I think it will be more interesting to you _ if I speak of the objects which you may see with your own eyes this morning. The church consists of a nave, a chancel, and two side aisles. past 2 and 7 in the evening the Drums will Beat 3 an hour before BELPER REGIMENT. 77 _ those hours Officers Servants can only be expected the Evening _ Parade No recruit is to be placed to Battalion Comp? till the : Capt" of the Flank Companies have rejected him the Surgeon will ‘ be so good to Observe that the returns of all sick men are to be x i # made by a Corp: of Each comp® every morning on Parade in writing specifing the mans name his residence and the Company he belongs to. the Surgeon then will visit every man as soon as possible and make his report of each man to the commanding officer in the Field after the other reports are reversed in the morning when he has visited the sick he should be as much as possible in the Field. Nay re.’ Parole’ .s ee a York. Officers on unret Capt? T Statham Lieut. Frost Ensign Harvy The Serj® Belts are come and may be delivered to them to get into Good Order Against the Belt Plates are Recev'd R. O. A Deserter being brought in belonging the Royal Artillary the Adjutant will Direct him to be taken in Charge & forwarded to Morrow Morning with a Serj: & 2 privates to Lough- borough if no Regiment is Stationed there The Sergt. must be Directed to proceed to the next Station & so on till he meets with a Regiment to which he must Deliver him & return with his Guard etc forthwith. May 13" Officers for Guard—Captn. W”™ Statham Lieut. T Fletcher Ensign Alton There will be no Drill in the Holmes this afternoon The Regt will Parade this Evening in the Market Place & form there in open column of Sections in the Order they Stood this Morning ready to Wheel into Line at $ past 7 The 8 Battalion Comp’ & the Light infantry will form a Right Angle with the Right of the Grenadiers & the 5" 6 & 7" Companys will Divide the distance between the right of the 8 Comp* & the Left of the 4" not to form an Oblique Line as was done to day the Regiment will 78 BELPER REGIMENT. Parade to Morrow Morning at 10 precisely & it is to be understood that in future Whatever hour is fixed for parade the Regmt. will be ready to Wheel into Line at that hour. The Officers are requested Directly to have the Regimental Orders Copied to adhere strictly to them they must also give possitive Orders to the men not to appear in the Streets without their Regimental Caps & Uniform they must not have their waistcoats unbuttoned but be always in Regimental uniform in future the Comp** are to be assembled at their Private parades Immediately when the Bugle Sounds, 4 an hour afterwards the Drums will Beat round & the Different Companys must be ready in the Market place when the Drums begin to Beat, for the Adjutant, when the Drums finish Beating and Enter the Market place the Regm! will be ready for the Colonel to Wheel them into Line. The Quarter master particularly requests that all the Captains in the Regim! will have the goodness to get Pay lists made out this day of their Companys as they now stand. If they can be sent to the orderly room at 3 o’clock will be a great accomodation. May 14th. Parole < 5c England. Officers on Guard for to Morrow. Capt® Turton Lieut. Harrison Ensign Wilks Parade of the evening in the Market Place as Usual. Officers will Particularly enquire whether Any of their Men have had any Difficulty in procuring their Breakfasts and if they have had to wait upon the Landlords & get it Obviated. The Remainder of the Cloths must be delivered to the men begining with the Grenadiers at such times as the Adjutant may direct to Morrow & they must be fitted to them as soon as possible by the Taylors in each Compa? An accurate account must be kept of the cost of each suit & a Serj! & Corp! must be directed to bring the Suits to the Taylors work room & re-deliver them to the Men when altered. The Companys must be paid to morrow evening with the addition of 11° per Man for the BELPER REGIMENT. 79 marching Day & on Tuesday a fresh delivery of Bread must be made the 4 days already delivered expiring on Monday evening Parade to Morrow morning at 8 in the Market Place. May 15" Parole sik ee Good Conduct Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt" Bownes Lieut. Walker Ensign Moore Parade at 4 past 2 this afternoon and 7 in the Market Place. Parade to Morrow morning at 8 and at } past 2. May 16% Parole ie S Belper Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt" Hunter Lieut. Goodall Ensign Turton Parade at 4} past 2 As Usual no parade in the evening. Parade to Morrow Morning ata past 8. Captains of Companies will be particular attentive in making their Returns on the printed form, of those Men who are ordered to drill for any Particular oftence for being absent without Leave the punishment will be for the first offence One Hours Extra Drill in addition to the _ time of drill from which the Man absconded himself that is Morning Drill will be considered 2} Hours noon 1} hours & evening Parade 1 Hour. _ For the 2" offence the Extra time will be doubled and if he should be a 3“ time guilty he must be reported to the Commanding Officer the Adjutant will appoint a Serg! & a Corp! daily to q Receive the drill in the field to Exercise them according to the feturns he will receive when the Serg! has performed his duty he will give the returns to Major Crompton with his Observations written on the back of each. ; Captains of Companies will be so good to enquire if their Men’s Quarters are all paid up, & whether any Landlords have yet not received their money for Monday the 8" of May & report them varticularly to the Quarter Master. 80 BELPER REGIMENT. May 17"" Parole Se oa Chaddasden. Officers for Guard to Morrow Captain Wain Lieut. Turner Lieut. Sanders Parade at 4 past 2 and at 7 this Evening, Parade to morrow at a Quarter past 8 May 18" Parole sas ss Hedleston Officers for Guard to Morrow. Captain Clarke Lieut. Robt. Ward Lieut. Tho® Ward Parade at 4 past 2 & at 7 this Evening Parade to Morrow Morning at 8 in the Friar Gate the Grenad © to be opposite Mr. Henly’s Gate with their Right nearest to the Church. Captains of Companies will be so good -to read to their men immediately after the Evening Parade the following Articles of War viz. the 4 article of the 6 Section, the 2° 3° 4" & 5% Articles of the 14 Section if any officer has not the Books he should immediately provide himself with them. May 19" Parole Bre ed Wirksworth. Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt. Strutt Lieut. Wooley Ensign Fletcher Parade at + past 2 & at 7 this Evening in the Friar Gate. Parade To-Morrow Morning at 8 in the Market Place. The Adjutant will Direct Serg' Taylor & his Corp! to Receive those men only who are drilled for Punishment and he will appoint another Sergt & Corp! to receive those men who are Drilled for Awkardness. May 20" Parole Sis arm Buxton Officers for Guard to Morrow Captain Isaac Statham Lieut. Woolley Ensign Fletcher BELPER REGIMENT, 81 Officers appointed for Guard must on no account be absent without acquainting the Commanding Officer. The Light Infantry Company is to be Cloathed & fitted next & should have directions for every man to dip his cloaths in Water & dry them well but not to dry them too Rapidly all the other Companies should be Directed to do the same. Parade this Evening at 7. Parade to Morrow Morning at ro May 21" Parole alg qe Chesterfield Officers for Guard to Morrow = Captain Fletcher Lieut — Frost Ensign — Williams Parade this evening at 7 to Morrow Morning at + before 8 & at 2 & at 7 in the Evening. Officers will be more exact to the time of Parade. Many Companies do not march into the Market Place in time for the Adj‘ to form them The Serg* will visit all the Quarters directly and direct the men to dip their Cloaths this afternoon as the Regiment is intended to appear in their new Cloaths on Wednesday evening May 22™¢ Parole 584 site Radborne Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt. Wm. Statham Lieut. Wm. Fletcher Ensign — Harvey The Grenadiers will be Directed to put each man his name in his Cap to night & make it Quite fast. that Comp” will Parade + of an hour before the Others to Morrow Morning with their forage Caps on & their Caps in their hands & will be marched to the store room to deliver them there to have their white bands & tassels fastened on the Adjutant will Direct one Man f! Comp’ to be picked out as a pioneer who Should have his Cap from M! Wrights & his appointments from the Quarter Master directly the accoutrements must be made ready for delivery with all possible speed. a 6 82 BELPER REGIMENT. Parades to morrow at 4 before 8 in the Morning at 2 in the afternoon & 3 past 7 at the private parade in the Evening. R.O. A Deserter being brought in belonging to the 1* Life Guards The adjutant will direct him to be taken in charge & forwarded to Morrow morning with a Serj! & 2 privates to Loughborough & there deliver him to the Regiment now stationed there May 237 Parole ae See Langley Officers for Guard to Morrow. Capt. John Turton Lieut. Harrison Ensign Alton Parade to Morrow Morning } before 8 at 2 in the afternoon & at 7 in the evening. At the Evening all those Men who have Cloathing that will Fit tolerably well will appear in full Uniform Officers will be Particularly Careful to send those men who are ordered to drill for punishment at the times appointed and that they drill in the evening instead of attending parade. May 24 Parole sep ee Littleover Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt" Bowns Lieut. John Fletcher Ensign — Wilkes Parade to Morrow at } before 8 in the morning at 2 in the Afternoon & at 7 in the Evening. On returning from the Holmes this Afternoon a Serg* and 2 Corp’ from each Comp’ will stop at the Store Room and Receive the proper number of Accoutrements for their Companies which they will take to their private Parades & there deliver to each man with directions to prepare them properly for Service. Those Men who know how to prepare them must instruct those who do not know & they must be ready to put on by friday Morning — May 25" Parolereyies: 7 Hilton Officers for Guard to-Morrow — Capt Wain Lieut. Goodall Ensign Moore BELPER REGIMENT. 83 Those Men who are reported as Sick & whom the Surgeon directs to attend parade will fall in altogether On the East side of the Market place behind the third Battallion Comp’ & when it marches off they will go to their Quarters. This must be done every parade. Parades to Morrow } before 8 in the Morning & each Comp’ to march from its private Parade to be in the Holmes precisely At 8 0 clock At 2 0 clock in the Same Manner to be in the Holmes at } past 2 At 7 in the Evening in the Friar Gate the same as last Week. May 26" Parole ase wae Treton Officers for Guard to Morrow — Capt. Crompton ‘ Lieut. Walker Ensign Turton It will be understood in future that Red Jackets White Breeches & Long Gaiters with the white baonet belt will be worn every evening on Parade & that the white drill dress will be worn always for Morning & noon Exercise except there is a Special Order to the Contrary Parade to Morrow in the Market Place as usual + before 8 in the Morning 2 in the afternoon and 7 in the Evening May 27" Parole 25 a Shottle Officers for Guard to Morrow — Capt" Clarke Lieut. Turner Lieut. Robt. Ward Parade to Morrow at 10 in the Morning & 7 in the evening. The whole Regiment to be dres’d and on both Parades in full Uniform with the White Baonet belts the same also this Evening & at every Evening Parade. The Commanding Officer has still reason to complain of many of the Companies not being in the Market Place in time enough for the Adjutant to form them by the appointed hour, he requests A Little more alertness in the _ Officers 84 BELPER REGIMENT. May 28 — Parole eis er Ilkeston Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt. Clarke Lieut. Sanders Lieut. Tho? Ward Parades to Morrow at + before 8 in the Morning 2 in the afternoon 7 in the Evening Many Men are in the Streets in round Hats & in other ways Dressed unregimentally, Captains of Companies will repeat and enforce the Orders for the Regimental dress to be always worn when out of Quarters. Several Landlords not being yet paid for the first day of the Regiment Assembling, the Serjeants of the Comp’ are directed to go this afternoon to Every house where the men are Quartered & desire the Landlords to give them a written account of what is owing & where they can the names of the men who were at their houses & to tell them that unless that is done to-night the Commanding Officer will not be responsible for the Payment — May 29% Parole fe ne Radburne Officers of the day to Morrow — Capt Simson Derby Regm!, Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt? Simson, Adj: Challerton. Lieut. Flint. Ensign Fletcher. The drum Major will beat the tatoo till further Orders at 4 past 8 begining Opposite the house of the Commanding Officer, at the moment he hears the Derby Regim! begin, he will March up the Corn Market down the Sadler Gate Along the Wardwick up St. Peters street as far as the Church & finish where he begins Parades to Morrow } before 8 in the morning 2 in the afternoon & 7 in the Evening. May 30% Parole to-Morrow ae Se Belper Field Officer for the Day, Lieut. Col. Henry Strutt Capt" for Guard, W. H. Hunter Lieut. for Do. Derby Regim! Cooper Ensign Do. Do. Whiston Adjutant for the Day Geo. Newman. BELPER REGIMENT. 85 The Patrole will consist in future of 1 Serj! 2 Corp’ & 12 Men & will be mounted immediately after Morning Exercise. The Patrole consisting of 1 Serj! 2 Corp’ & 12 men & with the same number from the Derby Regim!, will meet in the Market Place at 4 past 9 precisely & with the Officers on Guard proceed on their Rounds the Patrole will be formed on the Evening Parade. Parades to Morrow at 8 in the Morning, 2 in the afternoon & 7 in the Evening. May 31* Parole to Morrow ae Mes Duffield Field Officer for the Day Maj? Cox Capt? for Guard — Gamble Lieut Do Belp! Reg? Jno. Woolley Ensign Do — — Savage Adj! for the Day Chatterton In future the Adjutant will keep the Roster of Officers for Guard & warn them the night before their names will not be put in Orders till 12 o clock on the day they serve. Parades to Morrow } past 8 in the morning 2 in the afternoon 7 in the Evening. ~ June 1. 1809. Parades to Morrow 4 past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the evening All in the friar as on the 19° of May. June 2. Parole ae see Walker Field Officer for the day, Major Crompton Capt" for Guard Jed? Strutt Lieut Do. Wallis Ensign Do. Sowter Adj: for the day Geo. Newman Parades to Morrow, } past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the after- noon, 7 in the Evening. June 3. Parole Te i Castle Fields Field Officer for the day Lieut. Col! Simpson Adj Do. Chatterton For Guard Capt" Gilbert, Lieut-Frost, Ensign Williams 86 ; BELPER REGIMENT. The Regiment will wheel into Line at $ past 2 this Afternoon in full Uniform, with Knapsacks and both belts, the Knapsack should contain the white waistcoat and Trousers only, that the whole may appear alike. Parades to Morrow in red, with Baonet belt Only ro in the Morning, & 7 in the Evening. June 4° Parole vas sos King George Field Officer for the day Maj. Hall. Adj? Do. Newman For Guard Capt? Fletcher Derby Regim! Lieut. Severn Do. Ensign Ward Parade at 7 this evening with both belts. _ The Grenadiers will fall in on the left of the Derby Grenadier Comp’ the 8 Battalion Companies on the left of the Derby Battalion Companies & the Light Infantry on the Right of the Derby Light Infantry six deep & each rank one pace assunder Parade to Morrow morning at June 5° Officers to wear Gorgets to-day in the Field but may take them off when dismissed, Field Officers to wear white Belts. Colours to be carried by Ensigns Savage & Alton. Captains of Companies ascertain that the Quarters of all the men are paid up till this night, & they will order their Companies to parade as early in the Morning of Tuesday as they can but not Later than 5 oclock & will then pay each Man 11° 6% on delivering in all his Clothes the particulars of which sum the Lieut. Col. will explain to the Regiment. Derby. R. O. May 21. 1810. The Companys assemble on their private Parades this Evening at 7 o clock when an accurate return of Each Company must be Made as can be distinguishing the Absent Men and accounting for them Where it can be done. Parole =a tak Derby Officers for Guard to Morrow Captain Strutt, Lieut. Flint, Ensign Savage. BELPER REGIMENT. 87 A Guard of 30 privates, 3 Serjeants, 3 Corp’, must be appointed to Morrow out of which four 4 Patroles of 5 Men & one non- commisioned Officer must be prickt and padrole the Town in four Districts from + an Hour after the Tatoo has beat till 12 o clock & Report to the Adjutant any thing that may occur, must not permit any Soldier to be out of their Quarters nor Suffer any disturbance of any kind with them the Regiment will March by Companies from the private parades to Morrow morning into the Hooms to wheel into Line at 8 o clock precisely. May 22. The Regiment will March by Companies into the holmes & Wheel into Line 2 o clock this afternoon. Parade in the Market Place & with their Belts & Cartridge boxes & in Uniform the belts to be delivered to the companies as they March from the Holmes Singly and the appointments to the Pioneers. ; Parole nage ae Nottingham Offices for Guard to Morrow. Capt Fletcher, Lieut. Frost, Ensign Williams. Parades to Morrow | 8 in the morn? in the Market Place 2 in the Afternoon 7 the Evening May 23. 1810 Officers for Guard to morrow. Capt? Isaac Statham Lieut. W™ Fletcher Ensign Sam! Harvey Parade to Morrow in the Holmes at 8 o clock in the Morning & 2 in the Afternoon. At 7 in the Evening in the Market Place & this Evening also in full Dress & Side Arms only. Captain of Companies will be so good to observe that the Hours appointed for Parade is the time at which the Lieut. Colonel should wheel them into Line so that they must be in the Parade + of an Hour before then in order to give the Adjutant time to tell them off. the Arms will be delivered this Evening by companies after Drill. May 24" a acc Parole Douglas Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt. W™ Statham, Lieut. Sam! Harrison, Ensign Sam! Alton. 88 BELPER REGIMENT. Parade to Morrow Morning in the holm at 8 in the Morning, 2 in the afternoon In the Evening at + before 7 in full Dress on the Private Parades Only it will be understood that in future all Evening Parades will be in full Dress & with arms, the Bugles must in future Sound ? of an Hour before the time fixed for Parade in Order to give time for the Captains of Companies & Officers to Examine the arms etc of their men, they will in course make themselves Masters of the Orders for Inspection of arms, will March the men with Supported Arms to the General Parade & on dismissing them from the Private Parade they will do it by having the arms advanced in which possition the men will invariably be directed to Carry their arms in the Streets & when they Meet an Officer in Stead of Shouldering arms they must strike the Sling with the Left hand smartly they will all direct their men not to appear in the Streets out of Uniform nor without their Regimental Cap & they must have their Coat or Drill Jackets Buttoned & appear Like regular good & orderly Soldiers the orders must be read to the men by an Officer immediately after Evening Parade & explain them to the Men they will also be read by the Capt. of the guard at Mess Immediately after the Cloth is Drawn the Captain Order Booke will be brought to him by an Orderly Serjeant. May 25" Parole wee ae Sb Beles Officers for guard to morrow, Captain Bowns, Lieut. ‘1 Fletcher Jun’, Ensign W™ Wilks Parades to Morrow in the Holmes 8 in the Morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the Evening in the Market place with Arms -— May 26" 1810 Parole ba oi Belper Officers for Guard to Morrow, Captain Hunter, Lieut. Walker, Ensign Moore. Parades to Morrow } of an hour after to in the Morning two deep with Side Arms Only. 7 in the Evening with Side Arms only, Captains of Comp* will please direct the Sling of the Muskett to have the double part nearest the Muzzle and that BELPER REGIMENT. 89 those men who have not yet got their Slings to have them from the Store Room Directly, the Pouches should also be got in good Order. May 27 1810. _‘ Parole ... ees all Saints. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt Clark, Lieut Turner, Ensign Turton. Parades to morrow 8 in the Morning 2 afternoon 7 in the Evening. Captains of Compan will be prepared on Morning parade with A list of Those Men Who have been absent without leave that they May be Left for extra drill. And this should be done every day and delivered to Major Crompton On Morning Parade May 28 1810 Parole as Sa Willmott. Officers for guard to Morrow, Captain Crompton, Lieut. Sam! Saunders ; Lieut. Robt. Ward. Parades to Morrow, 8 in the morning, 2 in the afternoon 7 in the Evening. May 29" 1810. Parole ns shad Pole. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt" Flacks, Lieut Thos Ward, Lieut. John Fletcher. Parades to Morrow, 8 in the Morning, 2 afternoon, 7 evening. May 30% 1810. sets va Good Order. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt” Strutt, Licut. Flint, Ensign Savage. Parades to Morrow 6 in the Morning & 6 in the Evening — The Commanding Officer is sorry to Remark that the Order of the 24% Instant Respecting Men appearing in the Streets without their Caps & Gaiters and with their waiscoats unbuttoned is not sufficiently observed he requests the attention of Capt of Companies to this. All Guards will in future be dressed in full Uniform during the whole time they are on Guard. May 31—- 1810. Parole ES das York Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt? Fletcher, Lieut. Frost Ensign Williams. go BELPER REGIMENT. Parade to Morrow, 6 in the Morning, 6 in the Evening. The Regiment will assemble to morrow in the Friar Gate with the right of the Grenadiers nearly opposite to M! Emerys the Colours will be brought there without form and carried by Ensigns Savage & Williams the Men will have Flints in their Musquets & be furnished On the Field with 8 rounds of cartridge a Man. They & the Officers will all be dressed in full uniform as on a Field Day — June 1—1810. Parole ... ae Duffield Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt. Isaac Statham, Lieut. W™ Fletcher, Ensign Harvey. Parade to morrow 6 in the morning, 6 in the evening The Pioneers must Invariably have their Musquets in the Field and they must be instructed to March well & in true time.— June 2—1810. Parole... oe: England. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt W"™ Statham, Lieut. Harrison, Ensign Alton. Parade to Morrow + past 10 in the Morning, 2 deep 7 in the Evening 3 deep side arms only— june.3% 1Src. _ Parole: . ...: King George. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Captains Bownes, Lieut. Jn? Fletcher, Ensign Wilks. Parades tomorrow } before ro in the Morning & 7 in the Evening. Tomorrow being His Majesties Birth day will be a regular Field day; Officers & men will be dress’d in full Uniform Flints & 13 Rounds of Cartridges will furnish’d in the Field. th June 4° 1810. Parole civ ae Charity. Officers for Guard to morrow, Cap! Hunter, Lieut. Walker, Ensign Moore. Parades to morrow 6 in the morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the evening. June 5 1810. Parole na oF Holbrook. Officers for Guard to morrow, Captain Crompton, Lieut. Pp Pp Turner, Ensign Turton. BELPER REGIMENT. gl Parades to morrow 9g in the morning, 7 in the evening. Pioneers will not Parade in future with their appointments. unless ordered, but will muster at the different Parades in their usual dress, march at the Head of the Regiment. The Regiment will march to Breadsall Fields to morrow to fire Ball Cartridges. The Pioneers must be provided with 6 Rounds aman for each company, & the Captains will be peculiarly care- full in delivering them to the men just in time to Load their peices before it is their turn to fire in Order to prevent the possi- bility of Accident & they should ascertain that the peices have gone off before the men are again permitted to load. Derby, June 6" 1810. Parole aie Breadsall. Officers for Guard to morrow, Capt. Clarke, Lieut. Sanders, Lieut. Rob! Ward. Parades to morrow, 6 in the morning, 2 afternoon, 7 in the evening. June 7—1810. Parole aye Ashburne Officers for Guard tomorrow, Capt" Flack, Lieut Tho. Ward, Lieut. John Fletcher. Parades to morrow in Friar Gate 9 in the Morning 7 in the Evening. ‘lhe whole Regiment in full Uniform for a field day, 11 Rounds of Cartridge a man. Flints must be delivered in the Private Parade to 21 file per Company, Captains of Companies will give Strict Orders & themselves see that every Mans Arms is in perfect condition to Morrow night preparatory to the Review on Saturday— June 8* 2810.) . Parole, ...: ae Paget Officers on Guard to Morrow Capt" Wain, Lieut. Flint, Ensign Savage. Parades to Morrow g in the morning with Flints 11 Rounds of Cartridge will be delivered on the private Parades & the Companies will be Punctually in the Market place at 1o minutes before 8. Every man clean & Compleately drest, if any mans nessesaries are wanting they must be supplied from the Store room & the money stopt from the 4 guinea he is entitled to for nessessaries. 92 BELPER REGIMENT. The Grenadiers will have their arms perfectly clean & with their accountrements also quite clean & the pickers & brushes & turn- screws & worms will be minutely examined on the Private Parade by the Captains of the Companies at Three o Clock precisely if any are not in perfect condition they must be sent back & made so. & any article short must be noted in the paper of Returns of Nesssaries in the Colomn for Remarks, the Grenadiers will then March to the Store room & deliver their Arms & Accoutrements there one by one in regular Order, the 1* Battallion Comp! will muster at 4 past 3 & do the same the 2™! at 4; the 3% at 4 past 4, the 4" at 5, the 5" at 7, the 6 at 4 past 7, the 7 at 8, the. 8 at 4 past 8, & the Light Infantry at 9. June to" 1810. Parole ak Review Parades to Morrow after ro after Church the Companies will Assemble On such private parades at such times as the Captains will appoint with all their nessessaries & cloaths well packed in their Knapsacks the 1* Serg! of the Company is presence of the Capt" will Receive at his Quarters Minutely Examine them & put down in his List such articles as are Wanting he will distinctly inform the men What they are & the Value of them which must be Stopped out of the 10/6? they would otherwise have to receive The Commanding Officer will hold the Sergt Responsble for the whole being deliver’d to the Stores on Sunday Evening exactly as he received them, Captains of Companies will be so good as to visit all the Quarters of their men on Saturday Night or before 10 on Sunday Morning Enquire into their conduct & if the Quarters are discharged if any should remain owing the man Should be seen & if he acknowledges the Sum owing the Captain should discharge it & stop it out of his pay at the same time giving Notice that the Commanding Officer will not be responsible for any thing after that time— The Return List of the nessesaries of Each Company must be delivered at the Store room with the Knapsacks by the 1* Serg‘ as the Cases are delivered in to the Serg! he must be provided with slips of paper with the N° on them belonging to his Company & BELPER REGIMENT. : 93 stick the proper N° coresponding with the Knapsack in the inside of the cap with paste—if any No. on the Knapsack does not agree with his roll he must cross it out with chalk & put the one on the Knapsack which does agree with it— . The 1* Serg' will have to Receive 102 days pay from 1* of : Feb” to 13 of May at 6% per day £2 - 11-0, 40 other Serg* at 3° per day £1 - 5 - 6, 20 Drummers 23¢ per day £1 - 1 - 8. When the Assistance of any Serg’ at the Store room is required after the period of Duty, they will be paid 4° per day out of the Regimental fund. The Commanding Officer is directed by the Secretary of State to ascertain whether any Men chuse to enlist into the Army Navy or Mareins or into the regular Militia. — Capt’ of Comp? will be so good to do this on private parade to Morrow Morning. Derby April 29 1811. The Companies will assemble on their private parades this Evening at 7 0 clock when an accurate return of each Comp must be made & the absent men accomted for where it can be done Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt Strutt, Lieut Flint, Ensign Savage. A Guard of 30 privates, 3 Serg*, 3 Corp’, must be appointed to Morrow out of which 4 Patroles of 6 men each & One Non- comisioned officer must be picketed to patrole the town in 4 Districts as Last Year. The Serg's will march by Companies from their private parades into the Holmes to Morrow Morning to wheel into Line at 3 past 8 o Clock precisely. April 30 1811. The Regiment will march by Companies into the Holmes and Wheel into Line at 2 o’Clock this Afternoon and parade in the Market place at 7 with Arms & in Uniform. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Capt" Fletcher, Lieut. Frost, Ensign Williams. Parades to Morrow in the Market place at 3 past 8 in the Morn- ing, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the Evening. 94 BELPER REGIMENT. May 1* 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt? Isaac Statham, Lieut. W™ Fletcher, Ensign Kerry. In case of rain at the Hours of Parade the drums will not beat Round but when they do beat every individual is to be Ready as he would have been at the appointed hour. Parades to Morrow as in future in the Market place except On Fridays when they are to be in the friar gate. 3 past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the Evening. May 2™° 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow Capt” W™ Statham, Lieut. Harrison, Ensign Alton. Parades to Morrow } past 8 morn®, 2 in the afternoon, 7 in the evening. On account of the fair the Batt? will march by Companies into the Holmes. the Returns this afternoon & in future must contain the names of those men only who have appeared. May 3° Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt? Flack, Lieut. J: Fletcher Jun‘, Ensign Walker. Parades to morrow } past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the Afternoon, 7 Evening. May 4" 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt Bownes, Lieut. Walker, Ensign Moore. Parades to } after ro in the Morning 2 deep with Side Arms Only. 7 in the Evening 3 deep with Side Arms the Grenadiers & the first 6 Battallion Companies are to march to all Saints Church the 7 Batt? to St. Alkmunds, the 8 to St. Peters & the Light Infantry to St. Warbers. May 5° 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt. Hunter, Lieut. Turner, Ensign Turton. Parades to Morrow 3 past 8 in the Morning, 2 Afternoon, $ past 6 Evening. May 6% 1811. Officers for Guard to Morrow. Capt. Wain, Lieut. Sanders, Lieut. Robt. Ward. Parades to Morrow $ past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the Afternoon, 7 in the Evening. BELPER REGIMENT. 95 May 7 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt. Crompton, Lieut. Robt. Ward, Lieut. Thos. Ward. Parades to Morrow 3 past 8 in the morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 the evening. May 8 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt? Clarke, Lieut. John Fletcher, Ensign Savage. Parades to Morrow, } past 8 in the Morning, 2 in the after- noon, 7 the evening. May 9" 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt? —— Lieut —, Ensign — Parades to Morrow in the Friar Gate, the Grenadiers Opposite M* Henley’s East Gate. 4 past 8 in the morning, 2 in the afternoon, 7 the evening. The 1* Serj! of each Comp® must be at the Colonel’s House at 1 o clock this Day precisely. May 1o? 1811. Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt" I. Statham, Lieut. W™ Fletcher, Ensign Harvey. Parade this afternoon at 3 0 clock Major Genar: Montgomorie having appointed to Morrow to Review the Reg! it will be ready to wheel into Line in the Market Place at 10 o clock precisely in full every Mans Arms cloaths & Accoutrements perfectly clean and in good Order eight Rounds of Cartridge will be delivered on the private parade if any mans nessasaries are wanting they must be supplied from the Store Room and the Money stopped _ from the half Guinea he is entitled to for nessasaries Parade to Morrow Evening at 7. May 11 1811. Parole <3 Devonshire. | No Gorgets to be worn at Dinner to Day except the Officers — on Guard. _ Officers on Guard to morrow, Capt" Flack, Lieut. Jn. Fletcher, jun‘ Ensign Alton. Parades to Morrow } past 1o in the Morning, 7 the evening with Side Arms only & march to Church the same as last Sunday. 96 BELPER REGIMENT. May 12" 1811. Officers on guard to Morrow, Capt? Bown Lieut Walker, Ensign Wilks. Parades to Morrow in full dress with Knapsacks in Mecsas Order at 3 past 8 in the morn? in Bregades, two deep, 14 files Company the 1* Serg! of Companies will attend minutely to directions given them, Respecting the arms & accoutrements & Clothing the grenadiers will deliver their arms & accoutrements at the new store Room precisely at 3 0 clock 1* Batt? Comp* at 20 minutes past 3 the 2%’ 20 minutes before 4. 3% at 4, 4 20 minutes past 4. 5" 20 minutes before 5, 6° at 5, 7° 20 minutes past 5, 8 20 minutes before 6 and the Light Infantry at 6 The Battalion will parade at 7 in the evening in full dress. Captains of the Companies will be so good to visit all the quarters of their men after parade enquire into their Conduct & if their quarters are discharged, if anything should remain owing the man should be seen and if he acknowledges the sum owing the Captains should discharge it & stop it out of his pay at the same time giving notice, the Commé Officer will not be responsible for anything after this time May 13" Officers for gard to-Morrow, Capt" Crompton, Lieut. Robt. Ward. June 15° 1812. The Companies will assemble on their private Parades this Eveng in their dril dress with Bayonets Belt at 6 o’clock when an accurate return of each complyment must be made and the absent when accounted for when it can be done. The Comp* will march into the Market Place + before 7 and wheel into line at 7. The Reg‘ will March by Comp* into the Holmes to Morrow and wheel into line at g precisely. Officers on guard to Morrow, Capt” Street, Lieut. Rob. Ward, Ensign Thos. Moore, Adj'$ of 30 Privates 3 Sergts 3 Corp* must be appointed to Morrow ort of which 4 patroles of 6 men each and one noncommissioned officer must be picked to patrole the town in four districts as last years. BELPER REGIMENT. 97 June 16° 1812 Officers on Guard to Morrow, Capt”? W"™ Statham, Lieut. Flint, Ensign Turton. Parades this Evening at 6 o clock to morrow morning 6, 2 in the afternoon, & 6 in the Evening. to~ past In future the Parades will regularly as follows unless ordered to the contrary. To March by Comp: into the Holmes and wheel into Line precisely at } past 6 in the morning in the Drill dress. To meet on the private parade precisely at 2 in full Uniform, and wheel into Line at 6 in the Market Place. The Bugles not the Dfums will be the Signal for assembling on the morning parade. June 17. At the 2 o’Clock parade Commanders Comp’ will minutely examine the cloths arms and accoutrements of their men ; all those who have any part deficient incomplete, or dirty or where arms & accoutrements are in perfect condition are as this is the first day of minute inspection to be sent back to their Quarters in order to rectify what may be wrong and directed to parade again in half an hour—but in future defaulters must be marched from their private parades to the drill Sergt at the bottom of St peters Street, there a squad of such awkward dirty or disorderly men as may have been order’d to extra drill & as in all other cases of extra drill a report must be made & delivered to the Drill Serj! Stating the Offence & the degree of punishment. No Man is on any Account to be allowed to fall in with his Comp* who is not in every respect completely clothed, armed & accomted. Officers on Guard to Morrow Cap" Hunter, Lieut. Harrison, Ensign Williams June 18. Officers on guard to morrow Cap" Crompton, Lieut. Turton, Ensign Harrison. June 19, 1812. the parade in the evening will be in the Friar _ Gate as Last Year. ~ Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt" Fletcher, Lieut. Thos. Ward, Ensign Wright. 7 98 BELPER REGIMENT. June 20. The Parade this Evening will be at 7 on the private parade only. Officers for guard to-morrow, Cap? T. Statham, Lieut. W™ Fletcher, Ensign Alton. Parades to morrow } past 1o in the Morning 2 deep with Side arms only, 7 in the Evening 3 deep with side arms only. The Grenadiers & the t* Seven Battalion Comp’ to march to all Saints Church the 8 Battalion Comp” to St Alkmunds, & the Light Infantry to St. peters. June 21% 1812 Officers for guard to morrow Captain Fiack, Lieut. Frost, Ensign Wilkes. June 22™° 1812 Officers for Guard to morrow Captain Bownes, Lieut. Jn. Fletcher jun. Lieut. Walker June 23. Officers fur Guard to Morrow Captain Strutt, Lieut Jn. Fletcher, Lieut Harvey June 24 Officers for Guard to Morrow Captn. Fletchers, Lieut. Flint, Ensign Williams. June 25. Officers for Guard to Morrow Capt? Isaac Statham, Lieut. Frost, Ensign Turton Yo morrow will be a regular Field Day, when the Battalion in full Uniform will wheel into Line at 4 past 9 in the morning in the Friar Gate & parade there in the Evening at 7. June 26 Officers for guard to morrow, Capt’ W™ Statham, Lieut W™ Fletcher, Ensign Wilkes Parade this Evening at 7 the Battalion will be formed on the opposite side of the Friar Gate with the right of the Grenadiers so near the Jail that the Left of the Light Infantry will be next to Ford Street. Major Gen' Hawker having appointed to-morrow to review the Regiment, it will be ready to wheel into Line in the Market Place at 4 past 1o precisely in full Uniform. Every arms cloaths, and accoutrements perfectly clean and in good Order. Fifteen rounds of Cartridge per man to be delivered to the centre BELPER REGIMENT. 99 and rear ranks & 13 rounds to the front rank, except the Lt. Infantry which must have 10 Rounds on the private parade. Parade to Morrow Evening at 7. June 27th’ 1812. Officers for Guard tomorrow. Captain Flack, Lieut. Harrison, Ensign Alton Parades to Morrow. } Past 10 in the morning 7 in the evening, as last Sunday — All men and Officers to remain in the Church till the Congregation are gone. June 28" 1812. Officers for Guard tomorrow Captain Bowns, Lieut. Fletcher Jun! Ensign Moore. Parade tomorrow in full dress with the Knapsacks on in full dress in Marching order at 9 in the Morning with the Straps to the Knapsacks perfectly clean. The first Serj! of each Company will attend very mutialy to the directions given him last year respecting Arms Accoutrements & Clothing the Battalion will parade at 7 in the evening. — Captains of Companys will be so good as to visit the Quarters of their men tomorrow evening after Parade to enquire into their conduct & if their Quarters are discharged, if any thing should remain owing the man should be seen and if he acknowledges the sum owing the Captain should discharge it and stop it out of his pay; at the same t me giving notice that the Commanding Officer will not be responsible for anything after that time. 14 June 1813. Parole ae a Derby. Companies will meet on their private Parades at } past 8 in the Morning and match separately to the Holmes precisely at 9, and in the Afternoon at + past four and march into the Holmes at 5. A Guard of 30 Private, 3 Serjeants, 3 Corporals, must be appointed in the Morng. out of which 4 Patroles must be appointed of 5 Men and 1 non Commiss® Officer who divide the Town into 4 parts and each take one District thro’ which they must patrole from 4 an hour after Tatoo has been beat till 12 o clock and report to the Adjutant anything that occurs must not permit any Soldier to be out of his quarter nor suffer any disturb- ance of any kind with them 100 BELPER REGIMENT. Officers on Guard to Morrow Cap? Wayne, Lieut. Sanders. 15 June 1813 Patrole oe oie Alfreton. Officers for Guard to Morrow. Cap? Crompton, Lieut. Turton Parades to Morrow — g in ye Morng. 5 in the Afternoon as yesterday. Names of the Officers & Noncommissioned Officers of the Belper Reg! of Local Militia 1813. Jn. Cressy Hall, Lieut. Col Com Jn. Bell Crompton, Lieut. Col! W H. Hunter 1 Major | Grenadiers Jas. Fletcher 2"! Do. Capts Bowns ere ate oe | Lt. Sanders 1 Serjts Jas. Clee 1 Corporals Jos? Matkin 2h as Saml. Walker 2 ~ Sam: Altenborough Sih loys Cris. Taylor 3 55 Sam! Dawson A | ok Rd. Gibson 4 * A. Herbert Baker. 1* Batt? Compy. Capn. B. Smith. Lieut. Edw’ Turton. Ensign. 1° Serjeant Tho. Wildgoose 1* Corp! Johm Carr 2 * Jo" Walker 2 5, Isaac Alexander 3 a Sam! Morrell 3.» Jos" Anthony 4 “3 Jos" Tansley 4 5, Jos" Attenley 2"? Batt? Comp’ Cap" Gilb! Crompton, Lieut. Harrison, Ensign Fletcher. 1** Serjeant James Webster 1 Corp! Jno. Tomlinson ori; he Jas. Taylor 2 4, W® Cooper 3 < Sam! Taylor 3.0 Sane? aa 4 ‘, W. Fennell 4 4, Jas. White 3" Batt Comp? Capt" Lieut W. Fletcher, Ensign Bowne 1* Serjeants Jno. Aldread 1* Corp’ W. Walker 2 - Geo. Adams 2 » Sam! Aston 3 xe Rd. Curzon 3 » Sam! Hoggatt 4 Ee Tho. Brooks 4 », Sam! Harrison BELPER REGIMENT, 4 Battl? Compy. Cap? Jno. Fletcher. Lieut. Wright. Ensign. 1 Serjeants Geo. Borrows 1 Corp! Saml. Bridges 2 + W. Hall 2 ,, Thos. Taylor 3 m Sam! Brown 3. +» Pat* Taylor 4 4s W. Staley 5 Batt"? Compy. Captn. Lieut. Tho. Moore. Ensign Wheatley. 1* Serjeant Jos" Storey 1 Corpls. W® Marsden 2 - Geo. Haslam 2 » Nath. Hunt 3 "3 Jer? Fletcher 5: » Tho’ Hudson 4 = Edw! Day 4 gue ene Sate 6 Batt" Comp’ Capn. Hugh Campbell. Lieut. Ensign Wragg. 1 Serjeant W. Hopkinson 1 Corpls. Sam. Sims 2 » W. Nightingale 2 i . Ver niley 3 » Nath. Webster 3 »» Jn. Oldfield 4 - Jn. Kiddy 4 » Tho. Milward 7° Batt? Comp? Cap” Lieut. W. Holmes. Ensign Jn. Outram 1 Serjeant Geo. Anthony 1 Corp’ Pat* Booth 2 a“ Isaac Dawes 2. ay . Joss, Olliwell a », Vincent Webster 3.45. .Jn- Bradbury 4 3?) 0. Fennell ens nes 8 Batt? Comp* Capt. Ward. Lieut. G. Newman. Ensign Wildness. 1 Serjeant W. Annable 1 Corp* Geo. Macket 2 +5 Rd. Walker a Jos samt 3 5 Saml. Belfield 3.» Jas. Ashby 4 4s Saml. Harrison Aas) pe Stone Light Infantry Compy. Capt. W. H. Wayne Lieut. Jn. Fletcher. Ensign Wilkes 1 Sergeant W. Webster 1 Corp’ W. Daniel 2 BS W. Sudberry 2 ,, Sam. Straw. 3 W. Parker 3 » W. Hill 4 + Jn. Radford 4 5 W. Ridge IOI 102 BELPER REGIMENT. ” Batt) Com* 1. Corp! Pat* Booth 3 Corp! Jn. Bradbury 2 » Jost Olliwell Ne eee 8 Batt? Comp* Cap" Ward, Lieut. G. Newman, Ensign Wilders 1 Serjeant W. Annable 1 Corp: Geo. Macket 2 5) eo Walker 2 4, Josh. Saint Si » sSaml. Belfield 2 jas. Ashby 4 », Saml. Harrison 4-5, no-stene Light Infantry Comp*% Cap" W. H. Wayne Lieut. Jno. Fletcher Ensign Wilkes 1 Serjeant W. Webster 1 Corp! W. Daniel 2 35 W. Sudberry 2° ,, Saml. Straw 3 5 W. Parker Sie ase. Weenie 4 », Jno. Radford A 4, _WegRidge Staff. Surgeon ae ve 65 eats = Evans Master Mie 8 sie bes ise Jackson Serjt. Major ... ae ais wb a, Edw* Fletcher (nm 35 pace Be =o aan er Jordan Supu’ Serj. Band... ast as Ss Sam' Moss 16" June 1813. Parole e: a All Saints. Officers for Guard tomorrow, Capt. Jn° Fletcher, L! Jn° Fletcher. Parades to Morrow in the Holmes with Arms and Accoutre- ments at 9 in the Morning & 5 in the afternoon, 17 June 1813. Parole aie iat Kilborn. Officers for Guard to Morrow Cap? Ward, Lieut. Wilkes. At the 5 o Clock parade Commanders of Companies will minutely examine the Cloaths Arms & Accoutrements of their Men. All those who have any part deficient incomplete or dirty or where arms and accoutrements are imperfect (as this is the first time of minute inspection) the men are to be sent back — to their quarters, to rectify what may be wrong and directed to | BELPER REGIMENT. 103 parade again in half an Hour—but in future defaulters must be marched from their private Parades to the drill serjeant in the Morledge where a Squad will be formed of such awkward dirty or disorderly men as may have been ordered to extra Drill and as in other Cases of extra Drill a report must be made and delivered to the drill serjeant stating the offence & the degree of punish- ment. No Man is on any account to be allowed to fall in with his Company who is not in every respect completely cloathed armed & accoutred. And every Man to be particularly admon- ished not to appear in the Streets out of uniform. The Captains of Companies are requested to deliver to the Paymaster before 2 o Clock an Alphabetical list of his Company and to account for absent men. Parades to Morrow 7 in the Morng. in their Holmes 2 in the Afternoon and 7 in the Eving. in Friar Gate. Friday 18 June 1813. Parole... ay Codnor. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Cap" Smith, Lieut. Wright. Parades to Morrow, 7 o clock in the Morng, 2 in.the After- noon. to assemble in the Market place. Saturday 19 June 1813. Parole ve London. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Lieut. Flint, Ensign Wragg. Parade to Morrow for divine Service } past to and at 7 in the Evening in both instances with side arms. Sunday 20 June 1873. Parole. «... ian Crich. Officers for Guard to Morrow Cap" Bowns, Ensign Outram. Parades to Morrow in the Market place 7 in the Morng. and 2 o Clock in the Afternoon. In future the Men are to appear at the Morng. parades in drill dress and at the afternoon parades in full uniform. It is particularly requested that the Companies will be punctual in forming in due time in the Market place, so that the Serjeants _ may have their Men ready to wheel into line a quarter of an Hour _ before the time specified. 104 BELPER REGIMENT. Monday 21 June 1813. ~—Parole_.... Sor Riply. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Cap” Crompton, Ensign Bown. Parades to Morrow 7 in y Eveng. 2 in the Afternoon. The Battalion will this Afternoon fire ten Rounds of Blank Cart®* the Cart® and flints will be delivered to the men who now form Batt" in exercise upon private parades. The Cap? of Companies are requested to visit their Men’s Quarters twice a week at least and to enquire into the conduct of the Soldiers. Sunday 22" June 1813. Parole ... .... Marple. Officers for Guard to Morrow Lieut. W. Fletcher, Ensign Wilkes. Parades to Morrow:-7 in Morning, 2 in the afternoon. The Battalion will fire 15 Rounds of Blank Cartridge to Morrow afternoon the Cartridges and flints will be delivered to the Men on their private parades and the Officers will be particular after the exercise in taking the spare Cartridges from the Men, and to see that the flints be taken out and delivered to the Serjeants, the Men must be cautioned not to fire off their Muskets in the ‘Town after the Exercise on any account. Wednesday 23™' June 1813. Parole he Ashborne. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Lieut. Moore, Lieut. Jn? Fletcher. Parades to Morrow at 8 o clock in the Morning 2 in the Afternoon. The Commanding officer is sorry to observe that the Officers commanding Companies do not strictly attend to their examina- tion of Arms and Accoutrements which must be particularly noticed. The Quarter Master will muster the Regiment to Morrow (being the 24") and call the Men over from the Alphabetical Lists of the Companies, as he will be answerable for the same upon the different pay lists, and this is also to enable the Commanding Officer to certify the same. Thursday 24 June 1813. Parole side Re Matlock. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Lieut. Holmes, Lieut. Sanders. ——_ BELPER REGIMENT. 105 Parades to morrow 8 O Clock in the Morng. 7 in the Eveng. The Battalion will in each instance parade in the Friar Gate. The Companies will in the Morng. receive on their private parades 15 Rounds of blank Cartridges and flints, and after the exercise in the Field, the spare Cartridges must be collected by the Sergeants and the Men must not on any account fire off a Musket in the Town. Friday 25 June 1813. The necessaries will be delivered to the Men this day by Companies beginning at 2 O Clock with the Grenadiers and with the Succeeding Companies in the Line each succeeding half hour till the whole shall be given out. Parole Pe ae Wirksworth Officers for Guard to Morrow, Cap" Bowns, Lieut. Harrison. Parades to Morrow 8 in the Morng. 2 in the Afternoon, in the Market place. Saturday 26 June 1813. Parole “ite ae Litchfield. Officers for Guard to Morrow, Cap? Wagner, Lieut. Turton. Parades this Eving. at 7 0 clock. Major Gen! Burne appointed to review the Regiment, it will be ready to wheel into line in the Market place at 10 oclock in the Morng. precisely in full Uniform. Arms Cloths and accoutre- ments perfectly clean and in good order 15 Rounds of blank Cartridges per. man to be delivered on their private parades. The Officers are requested to meet the pay master at the Head Quarters to morrow at 4 past four oclock to sign the pay lists. The Staff Officers will parade to morrow on the right of the Regiment for inspection. As the Column will go to the Field this afternoon Officers will wear their Gorgets and field Officers their Belts. 24 June, 1813. ‘Parole... Gen! Burne. Officers for Guard to Morrow Captain Crompton, Lieut. Harrison. Parade to morrow with Knapsacks on in full dress in Marching order at 9 o clock in the Morning with straps to the Knapsacks 106 BELPER REGIMENT. perfectly clean. The first Sergt of each Company will attend very minutely to the directions given him respecting the Arms Accoutrements and Clothing. The Grenadiers will deliver their arms and accoutrements at the Store Room precisely at 1 0 clock 1% Batt" Comp? 20 minutes past 1 the 27 20 minutes before 2 the 3° at 2 4‘ at 20 minutes past 2 5'" at 20 minutes before 3 the 6 at 3 the 7" at 20 minutes after 3 the 8 at 20 minutes before 4 and the light Infantry at 4. No Arms Accoutrements or Clothing to be received unless per- fectly clean & in good repair. Parade to morrow evening at 7 o Clock in the Market place in full dress. Captains of Companies will be so good to visit all the Quarters of their Men after Parade this evening, enquire into their conduct and if their quarters are discharged—if anything should remain owing the man should be seen and if he acknowledgs the sum owing the Captains should discharge it and stop it out of his pay at the same time giving notice the Commanding Officer will not be responsible for any thing after this time. 28 June 1813. Parole. ) *:.. ude FAREWELL. The Captains of Companies will give proper directions for the Clothes, etc. to be delivered in to morrow morning as early as may be in good order and will be good enough to attend to such delivery in the same rotation as the arms were delivered in to day. Each Captain of a Company will apply to every man in his Company whose time will expire in the course of the ensuing year who may be of the height specified in the Act (5% 2") & between the ages of 18 & 30 and who in his Judgment and after an exam" by the Surgeon of the Reg* shall be fit to serve asa Local Militia Man and who shall not have more than 2 children under 14 years and enquire if he be willing to continue his ser- vice for such term as any man who sh‘° be then ballotted to serve would be subject to, and for what price or Sum (not in any Case exceeding 2 Guas.) he will so continue who must sign his name to a list signifying his consent which will be binding upon him. ers eee ee ee ee ee r ee ee BELPER REGIMENT. 107 The Commanding Officer begs leave to congratulate the Reg. on the high and unqualified Compliment which General Burne was pleased to make them yesterday after the Review. It shews what attention & good order will effect—and it must be very flattering to the feelings of the Officers & Men in the Reg' that after so short a period allowed for training as the Days the Regiment sh? meet with that general applause which was manifested by those who witnessed the different Evolutions in the Field—On this Occasion Lieut. Col. Hall begs leave to offer his warmest thanks to his Brother Officers for their exertions & assistance, as also to the non commissioned Officers and privates and every other Member of the Corps for their particular steadiness. He trusts that the credit thus acquired will be sustained in future years. 108 On Some Diggtigs near Brassington, Derbyshire. By JoHn Warp. —ergiN May 31st and June rst last, some excavations of great \ interest and antiquarian value were made at Har- borough Rocks, near Brassington, in this county. The remains brought to light belonged to two widely separated periods; some relating to ancient dwellings—possibly a village—in the vicinity, and which may with some degree of certainty be set down as of Romano-British date; and the other set, to a ruined barrow of the ‘‘ chambered” type, and, of course, of much higher antiquity. An account was recently published in the Re/iguary (Vol. III., New Series), in which the details of the work on the spot were the chief point—a treatment of peculiar value to those who make Pre-historic Archzeology their province ; but in the present article many of the minutiz of the former will be omitted, and the subject treated from a more general standpoint. But, firstly, the place and its surroundings. ‘‘ Harborough Rocks” is the name given to the steep rocky front of a long and conspicuous hill, one mile north of Brass- ington, and close to the High Peak Railway. This hill takes a north-west and south-east direction; it is composed of a magnesian variety (dunstone) of the Carboniferous limestone of the district, the dip of which is gentle, towards the north- east, the hillslope on this side approximating to the dip, and continuing to sink until the Via Gellia valley is reached. The south-west side, as above stated, is somewhat precipitous ; ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 109 it consists of the exposed edges of the strata, so set back, the upper beyond the lower, as to give a step-like character to this side of the hill—irregular belts of vertical rock, with intervening strips of greensward of very varying breadth. At the foot of these Rocks is a cave, known as “ Harborough Hall”; on the brow above is a large block of stone, rudely hewn at no distant date intoa seat (the ‘‘ Arm Chair” ), and which commands a wide expanse of characteristic Peak scenery ; and about two hundred feet to the north, and also near the brow, is another block (the ‘‘ Pulpit”), beyond which the hill rapidly attains its highest elevation—1,243 feet above the sea. The site of the barrow is between these blocks of stone ; and most of the village remains came from the broadest terrace, a little nearer the south- east extremity of the hill. The writer’s assistants were Mr. Cornelius Gregory, son of the farmer who lives at the farmhouse at the foot of the Rocks near the Cave, and the two young Messrs. Rains, whose names, in con- nection with the Longcliffe Cave, are well known to readers of this Journal. Their intelligent appreciation of the work makes these two days’ diggings a most pleasurable memory. The writer's acquaintance with the discovery dates from April last, when he found that potsherds and bones had been turned up by Mr. C. Gregory, in the course of digging some months before ; the spot being a grassy slope a little westward of the house, that formed the floor of a natural passage leading up to the broad terrace already noticed. This led to the exploratory diggings of May 31st, now to be described. I. THe VILLAGE SIre. Our first operation was to make an extension of Mr. Gregory’s cutting up to and a little beyond the edge of the flat above. At a depth, varying from eighteen to twenty-four inches, we reached the subsoil of the hill—a disintegrated dunstone. Between this and the six to eight inches of vegetable mould at the surface, was a darker soil of variable character, but by no means sharply marked off from either. Most of the ‘‘finds’’ (consisting of Ilo ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. potsherds, broken bones, fragments of charcoal, burnt dunstone and sandstone, a slag-like substance, several broken whetstones, &c.) came from this dark soil ; the rest being found in the subsoil. Around the upper end of our trench the surface was decidedly smoother than elsewhere on this terrace. A small trench here, as also others on this terrace, showed that the vegetable mould passed inte the subsoil at a less depth, and frequently a fragment of pottery was turned up. The testimony of the spade, as well as the mole-heaps, indicated these “finds” as practically confined to the south-west parts of the hill. Our conclusion was that the dark layer of the slope was a decomposed refuse, and that it pointed to an ancient dwelling on the flat above, the smooth area being its garth. What more natural than that its primitive occupants should carry the daily refuse—ashes, broken pots, bones, &c.— across the garth, or whatever the smooth area was, and tip them over the rocks or down the slope? The process ceasing, the accumulations would in due course become covered up with a deposit of vegetable mould. But as one hut here is not com- petent to account for the wide distribution of potsherds along the side of the hill, we conclude that there were other dwellings ; in other words, a small village. We now proceed to describe the objects. Tue Potrery.—With the exception of one fragment of hard wheel-mide pottery found by Mr. C. Gregory in his earlier work, the Harborough potsherds are iniperfectly fired, and relate to rude hand-made ware. The exact depth at which this solitary wheel-made specimen was found is doubiful, so it is impossible to say whether it is contemporary with the rest. Like another fragment the writer noticed in the garden, it has a decidedly Roman appearance. The yield of hand-made potsherds of the slope was considerable, the rim-fragments alone representing from 45 to 50 different vessels: those of the other trenches and the mole-heaps were too few and small to need further remark than that they were of the same type. We may divide these Har- borough potsherds into three classes, according to the character of their paste ; and it is by no means unlikely that these point to ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. III differences in source of clay and manufacture. The paste of by far the largest class is very coarse, uneven, silicious, and of a dirty grey colour. Experiments tend to prove that the clay was derived from the puzzling deposits of sand and sandy clay found in lake-like hollows of the Mountain limestone in the vicinity, and which, nearer Brassington, are largely worked for fire-bricks. This ware is undoubtedly domestic, and has several points of difference from that of the British round barrows of Derbyshire and Staffordshire, as exemplified in the valuable Bateman Collection at Weston Park Museum, Sheffield. The ornamenta- tion of the former, when present, consists usually of one, and sometimes two bands of impressions of the tip of the finger (Figs. 3, 5, 7, and 8), or more rarely, the finger nail obliquely held (Fig. 6), or the end of a stick: while that of the barrow pottery is usually elaborate and made up of lines produced by the impression of a twisted thong or rush, or a pointed tool, and more rarely impressions of the edge of the finger nail. Again, the colour of the latter tends to red, the paste is more friable, and generally the workmanship and finish are superior. The latter three points of difference may be due to a peculiarity of the Harborough clay, and a very natural special care bestowed upon the manufacture and embellishment of vessels destined for sepulchral purposes. This, however, is scarcely adequate to account for the radical difference in the ornamentation of the two kinds; on the other hand, may not these and certain other peculiarities be collectively held to indicate a difference of age ? As a rule the rims of these Harborough vessels varied in two directions from a central type, which had the sides of the vessel at first curving inwards, thus giving rise to an external shoulder and at a higher level a constricted neck, and then the curve swept outwards to form a more or less recurved lip, as in Fig. 1¢. Usually these curves were not.equally developed, and sometimes one or other was quite suppressed, hence the series of sections from actual examples shown in Fig. 1, the most common forms being 4, ¢ and d. 112 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. if a b c d é RIG: 2. Fic. 1.* This class, however, contains several exceptional forms: Fig. 2 belonged a large vessel with a sharply in-bent lip ; Fig. 3, another, also large, which had a raised band (not moulded with the vessel, but trailed on afterwards), 114 in. below the lip; Fig. 4 is a fragment of a graceful and much thinner vessel, recalling some of the Roman shapes. * The outside surfaces are to the right hand. + A potsherd remarkably like this is shown on Plate LXXXVII. of ‘*General Pitt Rivers’ Excavations ;” it was found in the ditch of Barrow No. 3, Rushmore. ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 113 x\ AW \; NY): WW: N ee attaining a diameter across the mouth of 23 in. So far as could _ be ascertained, the prevailing type was broad at the shoulder, and tapering downwards to the flat bottom, the line of taper _ being straight or convex, and sometimes a shallow reversed ogee. _ Some were apparently tall, others shallow or bowl-like. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are typical specimens of this class. _ The second and third classes have each a few fragments q only. The paste of the former is lighter in colour, and nie a ge | More even in texture and better worked than the normal ware ; 2 ss 8 II4. ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. and while it is impossible to ascertain the shapes of the vessels, it is clear that they were more carefully finished. The pot- sherds of the last class pertained to smaller and more delicately finished vessels, of black uneven paste but smooth surface. Two Fic. 8 (4). of the least damaged fragments have their surface, like that of 7. the Roman black ware, smoothed by a burnisher or other — polished tool. One indicates a small vessel with rim as Fig. 1 ¢ | OrxHER Opjects.—Two broken-off points of deer horn were ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. I15 found, probably they belonged to awls; they are round in trans- verse section, and the larger is 14 in. long. ‘Two objects, Fig. 9 (the larger of deer horn, the smaller of calcined bone or ivory), like broken-off halves of a corkscrew handle, are regarded by Mr. Boyd Dawkins as broken links. Several of similar shape were associated with Romano-British objects in Victoria Cave, Settle ; and others, larger, with Bronze-age objects, in Heathery Burn Cave, Co. Durham. Several whet-stones were found, two being of a fine hard slatey stone; a piece of red ochre, having signs of much usage; two fragments of a substance that we regarded at first as polished jet, but which seems to be black bone ; and a lump of unburnt clay, which, from a groove upon it, we judged to be a piece of daubing of wattle-work, used in _ the construction of a hut. Such lumps have been repeatedly found on the site of the Romano-British village of Cranbourne Chase, Wilts., excavated by General Pitt Rivers. THe Fauna.—A sack-full of animals’ bones was obtained from this prolific cutting of the slope. From their broken, split, and occasionally burnt appearance, it is clear they were the ‘remains of human food. The writer is not sufficiently versed in animals’ bones to identify them with much certainty. The larger proportion belonged to the hog; then followed the ox, probably the Celtic short-horned breed, a large piece of the frontal of one indicating that the method of killing was similar to the present. The more frequent fare of pork and beef of these ancient folk was occasionally varied with horse-flesh, mutton, | and venison. . They were sufficiently refined to refuse dog, the skull of that animal (one about the size of a retriever) being 116 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. found guzte intact. A fine large oyster shell and the fragment of another were associated with the above “ finds,” in such a way as to preclude any doubt as to their contemporaneity. The bones of domestic fowl were absent. Tue Acr.—If the above-stated points of difference between the Harborough and the British barrow-pottery is accepted as indicating a difference of age, the village cannot, of course, be regarded as contemporary with these barrows. An all-round consideration of the facts of the case will, I think, convince that the alternative that would make it earlier is untenable. All whom the writer has consulted, including Mr. Franks of the British Museum, Rev. Dr. Cox, Mr. Boyd Dawkins, and Rev. Canon Greenwell, concur in regarding these finds as belonging to the early part of the Iron Age, and as free from Roman influence— that is, they make them to be of late pre-Roman date. There are, however, several little circumstances that, when taken col- lectively, have some weight in favour of a Roman date. The oyster shells, for instance—the fact that they were associated with refuse indicates that the sfe/7 was not so novel as to be regarded as.a treasure by these ancient folk; we con- clude, then, that this mollusc was a _ well-known article of food. But surely the condition of Britain before the Roman Occupation was never such as to allow of the transit of perish- able articles of food so far inland from the sea, while it is well-known that the oyster was a favourite of the Romans, and that they imported it into all parts of the country. Then the — wheel-turned potsherd—in spite of the uncertainty of its position— counts for something in favour of the later date ; and so also the other fragment found near the house, and a Roman coin picked up some years ago. Against this, however, may be urged the absence of the characteristic Roman forms of amphore, ampulla, and mortaria: and this objection is, at first sight, strengthened by the results of the Romano-British excavations of General Pitt Rivers, in which, excluding certain barrows of older date, the potsherds were almost invariably of Roman _ type and character. But, in the case of another Romano-British ~ a a ok ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. LiF village-site at Wetton, Staffordshire, reported upon by the late Mr. Carrington in “Ten Years’ Diggings” (pages 193-203), he makes mention, more than once, of the intermixture of coarse with fine potsherds, and compares the former to British sepulchral pottery. A similar intermixture was found in a well- defined class of Derbyshire-Staffordshire barrows described in that work, and in the “ Vestiges.” These barrows were of Romano- British origin, usually of earth, their floors ashy, and _ their interments unprotected deposits of burnt human bones. One peculiarity was the presence of potsherds, placed where they were found as fotsherds, and not perfect vessels, as in the older barrows. Many, perhaps most, of these potsherds were hard and wheel-made, and, in one case, Samian; others coarse and hand-made, but Mr. Bateman unfortunately did not describe their ornamentation. _ Flint implements and flakes were common, and bronze and iron objects occasionally present. A similar burial and intermixture of potsherds were noticed by General Pitt Rivers in several of the Rushmore barrows, particularly in Barrow Pleck, and the shapes _and ornamentation of many of the hand-made specimens are strik- ingly like those of Harborough. In the next case, a village site at Smerrill Grange, near Youlgrave (“‘ Vestiges,” page 129), no wheel- made ware was found, but ‘in all places where the soil was removed were found numerous fragments of pottery, animal bones, pieces of sandstone and slate, many of which had been subjected to heat. The pottery is of much firmer texture than the sepulchral vessels of the Britons, and is much coarser than the generality of Roman manufacture, but its antiquity is unquestionable.” Again, the shapes and ornamentation are omitted, but the description given might be equally well applied to the Harborough ware ; and Mr. Bateman, presuming that this Bettery could not be of Roman date, makes it late British. There no reason to doubt that all these are Romano-British : Roman influence having almost quite ousted native civilization in the iltshire villages, and partially so in the earth-barrows and at Wetton, while Harborough and Smerrill were either so early in _ date, or remotely situated that this influence was scarcely felt at 118 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. all. At the present moment a similar state of things obtains in India, every transition in culture being met with, from the villa of the European or wealthy native, fitted up with every Western appliance, to the hut of the rude hill-man, scarcely distinguishable in construction and contents from that of his a ancestor of a thousand years ago. II.—TwHeE RviINneD Barrow. The writer had observed that the ground between the “ Arm Chair” and the “ Pulpit” was much broken, and especially noteworthy were some semi-connected low mounds, so disposed as to suggest the fosse of a so-called ‘‘ Druid’s Circle,” shorn of its standing stones, or the periphery of a demolished round barrow. This broken ground forms part of a strip of land, about 150 by 78 feet, having the brow of the hill for its western boundary, and a line of protruding weather-beaten rocks for its eastern. Both line and strip come to an abrupt termination northwards in the highest point of the hill—the site of the “« Jubilee” beacon, and at the opposite end, a low artificial mound extends from the rocks to the brow. This mound is 56 feet long, with an average width of 7 feet, and height of 18 in.; and is constructed of stones thrown together without any arrangement. It is impossible to say how old it is; but it has probably no con- nection with the remains about to be described. On June rst, we commenced operations on the “ Circle” (about 46 feet in diameter from crest to crest), by making two small trenches to determine the nature of the mounds—one on the north-west side, and the other on the south-west. In each — case a 6 in. layer of vegetable mould covered a rubble of half decayed dunstone, which at a further depth of 2 feet (under the summit) gave place to the natural marly soil. In the north-west trench a small fragment of the usual type of Harborough pottery was picked up from just below the turf. | Trench A.—Our next trench took a north-and-south direction — in the centre of the enclosed area of the “Circle.” A similar ‘¢ sequence of deposits was observed. Midway, there was a depres- — ’ 7 } § : b L & ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. I1I9Q sion in the natural soil, about 3 ft. across and 1 ft. deep, and extending in an east-and-west direction beyond the sides of our cutting. The filling-in of rubble furnished nothing to indicate its use. At all levels in the rubble were broken and scattered human bones, representing at least six or seven skeletons, but no inference could be made as to what brought them there. Similarly scattered were a few fragments of pottery, most of which were more friable than those of the village site, and of decidedly ruddy tint; and several teeth of oxen, fragments of stag’s horn, &c. More interesting were five or six neatly trimmed flint flakes, one Fic. Io. Fic. 11. HUG) Lone alle): larger than the rest (Fig. 11), having signs of wear on its cutting edge. A well finished leaf-shaped arrow head came from the south end, shown full size in Fig. ro: it is an unusual form. None of these flint implements are burnt, but several, including the latter two, are superficially flecked with white, due probably to the soil. Trench B.—A small trench to the west of this presented the same sequence of turf, rubble and marl. Nothing more interest- ing was turned up than a few much-broken bones. Trench C.—A spot towards the south side was more promising, _ in that it consisted of stones rudely laid in courses: but a foot further to the south they gave place to rubble again. Here we found the natural soil at a depth of 2 feet, and the stony part 120 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. now presented a wall-like surface (a, Fig. 13). In pushing our trench southwards, the edge of a large. and almost horizontal limestone slab was exposed on the east side, at a slightly higher F = |) AX\i MX Pant / a £ MEY Y/ S/S | NOLS = Aw Hi Wi YLEL ais ss TNS = 2 NI BiG; 13° (4 in: tos ft.) level than the natural surface (b), and on the opposite side a line of three smaller stones (d, d, d) set on edge. ‘The natural surface was discoloured, as by particles of charcoal and ash trodden into it, and upon, or just below, were picked up a beautifully chipped point of a flint arrow head (e), close by the slab, and near it the base of a most elaborate leaf-shaped javelin head (f), and then another point which we took to belong to the latter (Fig. 15.) More central (g), and at the same level, was a leaf-shaped arrow head (Fig. 14), a beautiful and delicate specimen of flint chipping. It is, in its present state, 1°6 in. in length, 0°75 in. in breadth, flat, and scarcely more than 1-16th in. thick at the thickest point, and weighing only 21 grains. ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. I2I1 Its outline is perfect, and both sides are chipped into shape. Nearer the west side (h), and still upon the same level, was an- other leaf-shaped arrow head (Fig. 16), apparently of less elaborate Myf iN ae | I} i Hit iy il H) Fic. 14. Fic. 15. Fic. 16 (all 3). workmanship, but so much calcined that it is difficult to decide. The others found in this cutting, including several indifferent flakes, are more or less calcined, and in this respect are unlike those of Trench A. The large slab was removed, but no inter- ment was found underneath ; so we continued to push southwards. At various levels in the made-ground were broken human bones —the number of lower-jaw fragments indicating three or four individuals ; a cow’s tooth ; two fellow fragments of pottery with a yellowish-green glaze, and found at opposite ends of the trench, and a fragment or two of the ordinary ware; and near the surface, a much rusted piece of iron about 1 in. long. Trench D.—When our cutting reached the central portion of the enclosing-mound, three large and nearly upright slabs were exposed (c, c, c, Fig. 12), forming a recess. After clearing away the earth, stones, and fragments of bones in this recess to a depth of about 18 in., a partially disturbed youth’s skull was found near the south-east corner, and mixed up with it were a few 122 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. pieces of an adult skull (Skulls D, 1 and 2). Immediately afterwards two more were discovered, one in contact with each side slab (Skulls D, 3 and 4); they were apparently intact, but they collapsed when the attempt was made to remove them. That on the east side was in contact with two immediately below, lying on the floor of the recess, one being in a fair state of preservation (Skulls D, 5 and 6). The intermediate space was taken up with a confused mass of human limb and trunk bones, mostly broken ; the pelvic bones, however, being associated with the skulls. Apart from the narrow dimensions of the recess, the position of the skulls and pelvic bones at ¢he sides, indicate that the skeletons lay in a contracted or “doubled up” attitude. No implements of any kind, pottery, or recognisable animals’ bones were found in the recess. When cleared of its contents the recess was found to be about 26 in. deep, trapeziform in plan, being 47 in. across at the entrance, 26 in. at the back, and the east and west sides respectively 22 and 31 in. long, the floor rudely paved, and the side slabs inclining towards each other. Trench E.—This cutting was merely an extension of Trench C. south of the line of the stones d, d,d. From it many fragments of human bones were obtained ; the noteworthy feature, however, was that it furnished portions of Skulls D 1 and 2. The true nature of this recess was now obvious; it was nota cist, t.e., the usually small and completely enclosed receptacle prepared for one burial only of an ordinary round barrow, but a chamber, the usually much larger and more carefully and strongly constructed receptacle of a long barrow. In order to make this and other details to follow, plain to the reader to whom this branch of archeology is new, a paragraph or two will now be devoted to barrow-burial. The larger number of British barrows (98 per cent. at least in Derbyshire and Staffordshire) are circular in plan, or, if not actually so, the digression is due to additions to the parent mound made at later burials. Their interments show that simple inhumation and cremation were practised throughout their era, often side by side: when the former, the corpse was usually laid a ; ; 4 4 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 123 on its side in a contracted attitude, and in the later, or Anglo- Saxon interments, it was at full length with the head to the west ; when the latter, the ashes were frequently buried in an urn. These interments were either simply placed in the earth without any protection, or were laid in wooden coffins, or, and more frequently, fenced around with stone flags set on end, and which, when roofed with similar stones, formed a box-like receptacle or cist. Although these receptacles sometimes contain the remains of several individuals, circumstances point to their contents as having been buried at the same time. These “‘ round ” barrows have a range in time from the earlier part of the Bronze Age to as recently as the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. But, sparsely scattered throughout Europe, North Africa, and Asia are a class of burial mounds of an earlier type, and which in west and north-west Europe are undoubtedly more ancient than the former kind. These barrows are subject to much variation, and it is impossible to lay down a hard and fast distinction between the two classes. But, looked at as a class, their more elaborate and massive construction and their peculiar internal arrangements suggest the idea that they were erected and finished before receiving their dead, and that their great end was to preserve their contents indefinitely ; while, in the “round ” class, the mound was piled up over the interment, and frequently no provision was made for its preservation, the Anglo-Saxons, indeed, often adopting means for its rapid decomposition. These peculiarities are related more probably to a once wide-spread phase of religious belief, than to a particular race—and they seem to have reached their culmination in the funeral customs, embalmings, and catacombs of the ancient Egyptians—the great Pyramid itself being but a development of this type of barrow. It is, however, more to our point to confine ourselves to the prevailing forms of north-western Europe. In these, the receptacle for the dead was similarly constructed to the cist of a “round” barrow, and was usually larger, but it differed in having an entrance, which generally took the form of an underground tunnel or gallery of similar construction. Even —————— es 124 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. if the gallery is not found, this ‘‘chamber”* (for thus these receptacles are termed) can still be distinguished from a cist by having one of its sides open or otherwise imperfect, but it is possible that in such cases the gallery has been destroyed. The cover-mound was oval, heart-shaped, or occasionally quite circular (as those of Mininglow, in the vicinity, and New Grange, Co. Meath), and its base was usually protected by a retaining-wall, defined bya circle of standing stones. A reference to Fig. 17, which gives a section and plan of the New Grange barrow, and enlarged ones of its chamber and gallery, will make the above clearer. Fig. 18 is the plan of a Scandinavian chamber, that of Uby. It has frequently happened that the mound has dis- appeared, leaving the larger stones standing exposed as a “ dolmen.” Fig. 19 is an excellent example from Herrestrup, Zeeland ; the finest English ones are Kitt’s Cotty House, in Kent, and that of Lanyon, Cornwall. The half-exposed Mininglow chambers, and two at Five Wells, near Taddington, are good examples nearer our doors. The Scandinavian chambers (they put ours into the shade in point of size and elaborateness) furnish a clue to the motive of this peculiar mode of sepulture. The researches of Nillson and other Northern antiquaries have proved that there is a similarity between them and the half underground huts of some Boreal races, as the Eskimo. In size, shape, in the direction of the gallery—invariably to the south or east—and even in the con- siruction of stalls around the sides of the interior (used by living sleepers in the one case, and occupied by skeletons in the other), the identity is too close to be the result of chance; these chambers are veritable houses of the dead. And, in some cases, *The indefinite usage of the words ‘‘cist,” ‘‘ chamber,” and “ vault,” is detrimental to science. In Bateman, for instance, a cist may be a mere roofless fencing-in of the interment by a surrounding wall, or a box-like receptacle. It seems to the writer that the frofection of the interment might be thus conveniently classified :—as gezarded, when placed by a large stone, or with a head and a footstone ; as ezclose’, when fenced in by a wall ; ezcys¢ed, when in a box-like receptacle ; and vaz/ted, when the receptacle is cut into the rock and roofed over asacist. The term chamber being used exclusively for the receptacle of a long barrow, 125 al , il if ta analy ey Pheer hp ° 50 100 Iso 200 Feer Ky *This and the followin Murray, Albemarle Street, g two blocks have been kindly Jent by Mr, J. 126 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. they appear to have been used as dwellings before they were devoted to the dead. Fic. 18. In the mode of burial, the long barrow still further contrasts with the later type. It is now universally acknowledged that the chamber was used for success’ve interments (hence the need of easy access), and there is a wide-spread opinion that these interments Fic. 19. were introduced as skevetons, having been previously buried or exposed elsewhere; in this respect the chamber had an analogy ~ to the modern Religuaire of the Breton churchyards. So far ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 127 as Great Britain is concerned, the builders of these barrows were a ‘‘long-head,” or dolicho-cephalic race, of small stature and rather delicate physique. The face was oval and orthognathic, the forehead vertical and rather low, the nose aquiline, the curves of the head gentle, and to judge from the survivals of this people in Western Europe, of dark complexion. In the latter barrows this race is still found, but in addition, another—a tall and powerful “round-head,” or brachy-cephalic race, with massive lower jaw, prognathic face, broad forehead, and rugged, short, and square head—these new comers having in the mean- while overrun Western Europe and mingled with the earlier population. In the long-barrow period, a certain social order was already established, and so were cattle-rearing and agriculture ; but from the uniform absence of metals from the original inter- ments of these barrows, it is concluded that their use was un- known, hence this stage of culture has been termed Zzthic, stone (flint) being the best available and most used material for cutting and other implements, and /Veo/ithic, in contradistinction from the older culture of the Pleistocene. In the round barrows, on the other hand, bronze and iron implements are repeatedly found in addition to flint ones. To discuss the age of the long barrows is little else than speculation; but it is scarcely: probable that less than 3,000 years have elapsed since the close of their era. We now return to Harborough. The line of stones, marked d, d, d, on the plan, is unquestionably a fragment of the gallery. The stones are certainly small, and if they represent the height of the gallery, it must have been too low to allow of easy access to the chamber. Moreover, we found them deeply set in the earth, protruding only about eight inches above the natural surface and the level of the chamber pavement, but they may have sunk to this extent, or have been built upon to the required level. That one or other is the case has some support from the fact that the stone, also marked d, on the opposite side was found to be considerably higher.* The chamber-floor, as frequently * Compare with the New Grange gallery. Dry masonry and stacked stone were much used in these barrows, and the blending of slab-construction with masonry is characteristic of this period. 128 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. is the case, was rudely paved, like those of Ringham Low and Long Low, Wetton. The coverstone, with little doubt, was the large slab (b), pushed off on some former occasion. We know little of the original mound. If the circle represents its outline, its arrangement must have been peculiar, for the chamber, instead of being within would be at the edge, and the gallery pointing towards the centre. There are indications of, at least, one more chamber, and its position, with regard to the ring, is perplexing, and suggests a barrow of the type of Mule Hill, Man, or that of St. Helier, Jersey, rather than Mininglow, in which the chambers were placed around the centre, about midway between it and the circumference, and the galleries entered from the side, which was finished off with a retaining-wall. It is quite possible that the circle is accidental, and that the wall- like structure at a, is a fragment of such a podium. The bones, representing sixteen or more individuals, both within and without the chamber, were in the usual condition of barrow-bones—friable and porous through the disappearance of their gelatinous matters. The skulls,* as will be seen in the measurements to follow, were typically dolicho-cephalic, and the skeletons, as already noticed, were laid on their sides, in a contracted attitude, across the chamber. They afforded no direct evidence as to whether they were placed there, as anatomically arranged skeletons, for the minor displacements of lower jaw bones, &c., could well have been caused by subsequent interments of corpses. It was clear, however, that the central portion of the chamber had been dis- arranged at some comparatively recent date In no case coulda perfect limb bone be built up out of the fragments—hence we cannot ascertain the stature. The total number of teeth found, whether free or attached, was 148 ; many of these were very much * The disparity of the skulls as to size has been frequently observed before in barrows of this era. Compare, for instance, the adult female and male skulls (D, 5 and 6). This disproportion is held to indicate a hard and miserable life, where the weakest were overworked and constantly stinted of their food. If D, 6 bea female skull (some long barrows, as that of Nether- Swell, Gloucestershire, had a similar disproportion among the female skulls) it corroborates the late Prof. Rolleston’s surmise, that there was a privileged class of women, better fed and less hard-worked. QN SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 129 worn, some, indeed, must have been brought down almost to the level of the gums. But what is surprising is the small number (only 5 or 6) that show any signs of caries.* Some of the leg bones have the peculiar flattening (platycnemism), often observed in skeletons of this era, as well as those of the cave men of an earlier period, and which seems to be due to the greater freedom of the muscles where the feet are untram- melled with rigid soles or sandals. Sections of two are given, Fig. 17 B,C: B is probably 2 inches below the level of the Fic. 17 (4). nutritive foramen, C is more uncertain. A is the section of a normal /#éza from “ Cave Digging,” p. 170. The flint implements are well worthy of attention. Leaf-shaped arrow-heads have been frequently found in long barrows,t but never barbed ones ; hence Dr. Thurnam’s surmise, that the latter were unknown at this period, has further support. The extreme delicacy and thinness of these weapons (including the Harborough specimens, except the unburnt one, Fig. ro, which is thicker, smaller, and ruder), render it most unlikely that they were made for use. They are usually broken and burnt ; this, coupled with the fact that on the Continent the chambers of this era frequently contain small amber and jet models of implements, make it probable that objects of use to the living were burnt, under the impression that with the * This immunity from dental decay is quite usual in long-barrow interments : 68 long-barrow skulls from Wiltshire had only two cases of decay ; 24 from the Park Cwm barrow, two cases ; 10 lower jaws from Eyford, Gloucestershire, and 6 lower jaws from Upper Swell, in the same county, had one case each.— British Barrows. 7 One found at Fyfield, Wiltshire, is *85 by 2 inches, and weighs 43 grains; the Ringham Low specimen is I by 2°75 inches, and weighs 48 grains. Others have been found in long barrows.at Alton Down, Rodmarton, Walker’s Hill, Wetton, &c. 9 130 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. flame their spirits would pass away to the world of spirits ; the unconsumed flint implements being broken to prevent them being used again. Such customs are wide-spread ; the Chinese habit of burning imitation cardboard money to enrich the soul of the dead is obviously a survival. It is curious that the implements were found only in the gallery, and none in the chamber. It is plain enough that this barrow was at some former date almost demolished, and at the same time the chamber and its contents were much disturbed. Some of the details of this work can be made out. North and north-west of the chamber, the despoilers removed the barrow almost to the natural surface, and then pushed off the capstone of the chamber into this excavation, and rudely tossed a number of its bones (including two, at least, of the skulls) into the western portion of the hollow (Trenches B and E), subjecting, at the same time, the lower central contents of the chamber to much disturbance. Lastly, all were covered up again, apparently with the smaller debris of the mound ; the filling-in including sundry potsherds of the Romano-British village or of a secondary burial in the barrow, and several of a later date (the glazed pieces), and a fragment of iron. It is improbable that the human remains of Trench A came from this chamber ; there are indications of another chamber on the east side of the area. How long it is since this event took place, it is impossible to say. In Derbyshire, the barrows were extensively demolished at the close of the last, and beginning of- the present centuries—the era of commons-enclosing—their stone being much used for fences. The condition of the turf and filling-in points to this as the minimum length of time; the maximum being the date of the glazed pottery and iron, probably the Middle ages. The much more decayed condition of the bones outside the chamber and those of its central portion, compared with the skulls, which on account of the inward sloping of the sides of the chamber were less exposed to the action of rain, indicates, however, a much longer time than the minimum above. Whenever it was, it is clear that the skulls were in the same fractured condition as we found them. And it is equally clear, that if these remains were b ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 131 placed in the chamber as skeletons, the skulls were sound. Although they offered no direct evidence as to whether they were introduced as skeletons or as corpses, one circumstance tells against the latter; the fact that some of the skulls were zz conéact, and that the quantity of earth and bones mixed up with the trunk bones—sufficient to fill up the interstices of a skeleton so as to make a suitable floor upon which to arrange the bones of a succeeding skeleton—was quite insufficient to cover the corgses, point to a condition of things which would render burials im- possible except at long intervals, on account of the intolerable effluvia during the process of decomposition. In fact, no more inconvenient mode of interment of corpses can be imagined. DeraiLs oF SKULLS.—The broken condition of the skulls_of the chamber is usual in long barrows, and is generally attributed to unequal subsidence of the soil. This, however, would result in displacement, which was not the case at Harborough—the fractures being invisible and the skulls apparently sound until the - attempt was made to move them. It is not unlikely that these fractures originated in the skulls themselves. The removal of the gelatinous matters is probably associated with shrinkage, as well as brittleness, and as the rate of removal would never be uniform throughout a skull, it is easy to see that it would be in a state of stress ; and this state of stress, aided by the ever-varying con- ditions of temperature and moisture, must, in a material of increasing brittleness, at length spend itself in fracture. The writer has been able to reconstruct to some extent each of the skulls—four sufficiently so as to warrant plates. The plates give the skulls in perspective ; the general outline at the points of greatest length and width being to scale. As the views were in the first instance traced as projected upon glass, the eye has been relied upon for the smallest details only. Shading is only used where absolutely necessary, and the numerous lines of fracture are withheld, so as to avoid confusion.* In the accompanying table, the modes of measurement are * It was intended that the plates should show the skulls exactly 3 their actual size, instead of which they area trifle less than this proportion. 132 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. those of the late Prof. Rolleston in British Barrows, and a few others are added. The ‘‘extreme length” is taken from the frontal immediately above the glabella, as indicated in the above work, page 560. When the measurement is extremely uncertain on account of the broken condition of the skull, it is followed by ?; when it can be relied upon as approximately correct, by *. They are given in inches, and have been checked off by Mr. G. Fletcher, Science Demonstrator to the Derby School Board. I, MEASUREMENTS OF CALVARIA (IN INCHES). Extreme lengtho®. 3) oj. Do. from glabella ......... Extreme breadth ......... Vertical height ...... 5000 iBasi-cranitalyjaxts’ (0. sees Gircumference J. 52.4)... .%% Hrontal are 5 siciaiadssaerecea Barietaliatcs s\.tiscle-a Total longitudinal are .... BaSerltme menycn eset eter oe Least frontal width ....... Greatest frontal width ..... Greatest occipital width Measurements from auditory meati :— Radius to nasal suture ..... Bregmal radius .......... Partetal TAGIUS, «.105 cess es IBYESMAWATC rassle siete. delaneraic'e PamrietaleanG: ip steveloca, s Gvare,.¢ 9x0 II. MEASUREMENTS OF FACE. Length of face (naso-alveolar Mie) edn cee ote sie orei's tape ieee Basi-subnasal line ....... Basi-alveolar line ........ Radius from auditory meati to alveolar edge ....... III. INDICEs. Cephaliownd ex csr sicec Dos from Glabella <:c.. . 2.1% Facial angle to nasal spine... Facial angle to alveolar edge SkuLL| SkuLi | Skutut | SkuLt |} SKULL Dra: D 2. DE. D 4. Dis: rhe gue 98 ee 2) gal os Z1L 2 .7°09"| 7°07 | 7706 5 Ose) 5° 2"| S16 | gs 5°66?) 5°55*| 6°08 3°85*| 4°16 20°15 ?| 19° 8*| 19° 5 | 21°27 50} 47/0: 457) ae ae Leah ee esp 28 fee ZA Cop | ISS cs 4°52 | 4°6) 5°10 14. 3/214" 3. -16=%0; . | 32 Se es 382" SAS) S71) SAS is Aer Sal 4nd 4a a ta e2On eae 4°5 | 4°36*| 4. o*| 4°36 S57 B55) Saal! ara 4°71?) 4°66] 4°43] 4°85 475"| 4°81] 4:82) 5° 3 12° 4.) 12" 4) OLE OR sos 12°78 13°70) (plz 9) baer 2°33 2°83 3°85 3°96 4°02 79° I 2|-73'23"| 79°20 | 71-6r 79° 12| 73°34"| 79°20 | 69°72 67° 5 66° o SKULL D1. Ffosttion.—Much of the frontal associated with D 2 (g. v.) ; other fragments scattered with other bones in Trench E. VOLXIL. PLATE .!1. a ¢ [arene ice = Skull D.3._ Parboro uoh Rocks Barrow Derbyshire. clin ae BEMROSE & SONS, PHOTO -LITHO-DERBY & LONDON. ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 133 Condition.—As restored, it is an impersect calvaria, consisting of frontal and portions of the left side. Description.—Thick, rough and the sagittal suture quite obliterated, and the coronal almost so. In general contour, the large confluent superciliary ridges, the sagittal carination and relative proportions it closely resembles D 5, being, however, of smaller size. = an old man, SKULL D 2, FPosition.—Near the south-east wall, lying on its right side and face slightly downwards. Jv sz, the upper parts were fallen in, with portions of D 1 resting upon them. One fragment of this skull was in Trench E. Condition.—Much broken and many portions of calvaria missing. The maxillaries cannot be inserted into restored skull, owing to missing basilar parts. Description.—Thin, smooth, and glossy on inner surface. The sutures aie patent, and the sagittal and lambdoidal are gaping on account of absent Wormian bones. The lateral fissures of the occipital squama are not ossified. The calvarial contour, well rounded and filled. The rear-slope, more preci- pitous than in the other skulls, or in “‘ long” skulls generally ; but this may be correlated with a certain fulness of the sides (giving the skull in the behind view a decided globular appearance) and due to posthumous compression of the occipital region, or possibly to faulty reconstruction. The horizontal outline is a broad oval with well-filled ends. The sagittal carination well marked. The forehead, moderately full and upright. Superciliary ridges, incipient and tending to be confluent asin Diand 5, The points of maximum width, far back on the squamous suture. Teeth, sound and but little worn ; wisdom teeth, half erupted. Lower jaw, D 7 (which was found near this skull and undoubtedly belongs to it), is small and thick, being I'I in, deep at symphysis, and 1°3 in. wide at narrowest part of ramus, which is very short. Placed upon a flat surface, both chin and angles touch it ; the alveolar border (external) is parallel to it; and the condylar surface is 1'9 in. vertically above it. = youth, probably a male, SKULL D 3. Fosttion.—Near north-east wall ; face downwards. Condition.—Calvatia more perfect-than D 2. The maxillaries not inserted for similar reason as above. No lower jaw. Description.—Thin, smooth, glossy on inner surface. In its measurements and general appearance, this calvaria bears a close resemblance to D 2; it is, however, more rounded and delicate, the rear-slope less precipitous, the frontal fuller and the forehead more upright. The superciliary ridges and sagittal carination are scarcely noticeable. The parietal eminences are well developed, but not sufficiently so as to transfer the maximum width from points corresponding to those of D 2. In the back view the sides are flattish, and parallel to each other. The maxillaries are a shade larger than those of D 2, 134 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. and the teeth decidedly so. The front teeth are subject to an irregularity— the canines having grown behind and pushed forward the lateral incisors ; this, apparently, is due to persistent milk canines. The wisdom teeth, judging from the sockets, were fully formed. = a somewhat older individual than D 2, and certainly a female. SKULL D4. Position.—In contact with south-west wall, and lying on the left side, Lower jaw (D 8) displaced, but lying near. Condition.—Calvaria tolerably perfect; maxillaries missing. Lower jaw imperfect ; left and portion of right ramus gone. Description.—This is the smallest calvaria of the series. It is thin, but not so smooth and glossy as D 2 and 3. The sagittal suture is extensively obliterated ; the lambdoidal intricate, and like the coronal, open only on the external table. The contour in the side view contrasts with D z and 3, having a sub-angular tendency—see Plate III. (noting, however, that as there shown, the skull is a trifle tilted forwards, the long flat portion of the crown should be more horizontal). The prominent parietal eminences and frontal angular processes give a wedge-like character to the anterior portion of the horizontal outline, and there is a more rapid taper to the prominent occiput. The forehead is low and somewhat sloping ; the prominent temporal ridges, angular processes and supra-orbital borders giving rise to an ill-filled appearance to this part of the skull, which may be due to senile retreat of the tabular portion of the frontal. The condition of the lower jaw and the absence of glossiness, both point to the age of the original owner of the skull as considerably advanced, in spite of the condition of the sutures. The lower jaw is remarkably small and feeble: the molar and pre-molar alveolar portions are quite absorbed ; the incisor and canine sockets remain, and several show signs of having been shorn of their teeth before death. The symphisal depth of the body, 1 in., and where the alveolar portion has gone, onlyo*35 in. The angle is sharply everted ; the ramus thin, and only 1'r in. wide. The sides of the skull are flat and parallel to each other. The superciliary ridges and mastoid processes, but little developed. = an elderly person, female. SKULL D5. Fosttion.—In contact with the north-east wall; lying on the left side, and almost, if not quite, in contact with the pavement. Condition.—It is the least damaged skull of the series. Externally, the restored skull may be regarded as perfect, except for the missing lower jaw. Description.—This is the largest of the series, and, as already observed, it bears a close resemblance of D1. The calvaria is moderately thick and slightly rough on both surfaces. The sutures throughout are moderately intricate, and partially obliterated (almost entirely so on the internal table). In the side view, the curve is moderately even ; the occiput is full, the rear- slope moderately precipitous ; and the frontal curve, if produced downwards, would pass a little behind the foremost point of the nasal suture—and thus the PLATE. Ill. VOLXI. ry ayyatt | is Hafivioon 2 Y ¢ $\ 4 > Skull D.4. Jrarborough Rocks Barrow. Derbyshire. of: W BEMROSE & SONS, PHOTO -LITHO. DERBY & LONDON. VOL.XT1. PLATE IV. Skull D.5. Harbovoucgh Rocks Barrow. Derbyshire. iden BEMPOSZ & SOMS, PHOTO -LiTHO. DERBY &£ LONDON VOLXIL PLATE V. Skull D.6. Harborough Rocks Barrow. Derbyshire. ‘bsp on awh ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 135 forehead wants fulness. The superciliary ridges are well developed and confluent. The mastoid processes are large. The horizontal outline has a character midway between those of D 3 and 4. The sagittal carination is strongly marked. The sides, as viewed from behind, moderately full ; and the points of maximum width, far back on the squamous suture. The teeth are very considerably worn. = a man in later middle life. SKULL E 6. Position.—In contact with north-east wall near the east corner ; lying on the pavement on left side. Condition.—Much broken, but more fully re-constructed than the rest. Many of the smaller face-bones lost. Description. —This skull has strongly marked characters of its own, and it is the second largest of the series. The calvaria is thin, smooth externally, and glossy internally ; well-rounded, symmetrical, and for its breadth, low. The side-view curve is most equable, the forehead and rear-slopes corresponding to each other—agreeing in being gradual and not precipitous. The occipital is prominent. The eminences give a fulness to the somewhat retreating forehead, The superciliary ridges undeveloped. Supra-orbital borders thin. Mastoid processes very small. Sutures, finely intricate, and freely open. No sagittal carination. Viewed from behind, the skull is decidedly broad for its height ; parietal eminences well developed, and the sides somewhat convening downwards. Except for the prominent occiput, the horizontal outline would be a broad and well-filled oval, approximating to an ellipse. The lower jaw has a more rounded contour than D 7, and the ramus is taller; the deepest part of the body is at the symphysis (1°2 in.), from which the lower surface is rounded off towards and at the angle. The ramal width is 1°4 in. Both upper and lower teeth are well formed, sound and but little worn ; the upper wisdom teeth are just appearing, none in the lower jaw. = a young person, probably under 20 years of age; the sex is difficult to make out, female characters, however, preponderate. SKULL E 1.—This, as restored, consists only of an imperfect frontal with adjacent portions of parietals. It has decided male characteristics, closely resembling D 1 and 5, but more especially the former, in size, also, as well as shape; the forehead, however, is a little more upright. The super- ciliary ridges are bold, and the sutures freely open. The bone is moderately thick, and much decayed. There is little doubt that it was originally in the chamber. = 2 young man, IIJ.—WaTERLOw. Mr. J. Rains and his brother recently dug into the site of a small round barrow of the above name, on the opposite side of the railway, and nearer Brassington. The name is not marked 136 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. on the Ordnance Survey County Map, nor is it in Bateman’s list of Derbyshire placenames ending in /ow. This barrow, as usual, seems to have been demolished when the neighbouring moor was enclosed, and when our young friends brought their spades to bear upon the site there was nothing to indicate its origin except the stony and gravelly character of the ground. They confined themselves to the central portion, where they found a human skeleton lying upon the rock, at a depth of only seven or eight inches. It had been disturbed and much broken —perhaps at the time the mound was removed, but not so much so as to prevent it being determined that it lay on the right side in the usual contracted attitude, and with the head pointing southwards. No other relics were found, nor any trace of cist or other protection. The skull was in so many fragments and so decayed, that the writer has been able to restore only the calvarial part and the lower jaw; the measurements to follow must, therefore, be accepted as only approximately correct. Allowing for sexual differences, this dolicho-cephalic skull bears a close resemblance to the Haddon Fields specimen, illustrated in Vol. X. (Plate I.) of this Journal. Like it, the occiput is very prominent, much more so than is the case with any of the Harborough skulls; this together with the well- marked parietal eminences gives a tapering character to the posterior portion of the horizontal outline (which is symmetrical), and owing to the small development of the frontal eminences, the anterior portion is beautifully rounded, in this slightly contrasting with the Haddon Fields skull. Sideways, the most noticeable feature is the gentle parietal slope and prominent occiput; the forehead retreats, and the contour from the scarcely marked superciliary ridges, to a point a little beyond the coronal suture, almost exactly corresponds to the curve beyond the lambdoidal suture. Viewed from the back, the points of greatest width are seen to be a little below the parietal eminences, beneath which the skull-walls slightly con- verge. The mastoid processes are small. The sutures, half obliterated. The bone is moderately thick, except at the os oar ah ere EE PEO M ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. 137 occiput where it is extremely thick. The eye-sockets seem to _have been small, and tending to squareness. The lower jaw is slender and feeble, except the chin which, although attenuated, is somewhat bold and deep (1°3 in.). The angle is obtuse and rounded and the ramus moderately high, the condylar surface being 2°4 in. in vertical height from the horizontal surface upon which the jaw is allowed to rest. The teeth, of which 25 were found, are small and moderately worn, and three have dental caries. The wisdom teeth are fully erupted and a little worn. Unfortunately none of the trunk and limb bones were reserved, so that nothing can be said of the general build and stature ; but it is clear that the skeleton was that of a woman in the middle- period of life. Extreme length ae oe we Gioia bivn'e Ditto from glabella : i RAY 4, Extreme breadth seis ae ee ox aeead f Circumference 20°43; Frontal are Bests, Parietal arc eas, Least frontal width a Sous Greatest frontal width =o wie 4°56 5, Greatest occipital width ae ei APE Radius from auditory meatus to nasal ; suture te ae ies Es, », to bregma ae ac 474 5 », to extreme point of parietal suture ee aes aac AEOW tas Arc from ditto to bregma parietalsuture 12°6 ,, ce sr jee 5a parictal:suture eS iit es ame Cephalic index ee =a fn 76°66 Ditto from glabella... nae wos | For29 In conclusion, it would be most unjust not to acknowledge the great services of Messrs. Rains and their cousin, to the writer, and indirectly to our Society, not only in these Harborough operations, but in tracing out Roman and other ancient.roads in the district, and particularly in the discovery of 138 ON SOME DIGGINGS NEAR BRASSINGTON, DERBYSHIRE. a Roman site, which when more fully examined will, no doubt, throw new light on the history of this interesting region. The value of the Harborough finds is unquestionable ; but it should not be forgotten that no relic—not even the site and broken skeleton of a small barrow as that at Waterlow—of these by-gone times is worthless. With the disappearance of each, a link with the past is gone, and if not scientifically examined and placed on permanent record, its testimony is irrevocably lost. There is good reason to think that this is more frequently the case than is generally supposed ; and if only all farmers’ sons were as Mr. Rains’s, what a fund of evidence would accumulate relating to our county before written history. It cannot be too widely known amongst our Peak neighbours that there is such a society as ours, and that whenever a discovery as above is made, a communication to the Honorary Secretary will bring early help, or to say the least, advice. The Harborough “ finds” have been handed over to the Whitworth Committee, who, it is satisfactory to learn, intend to resume the work of excavation. It is to be hoped that our Council will not be passive in the matter, but will, at least, endeavour to secure a continuation of this report in the next volume of this Journal. 139 Hemington Church, WITH THE MORE ANCIENT OF THE HEMINGTON DEEDs. By Rev. Cuas. Kerry. ° [Printed by the kind permission of Hugo Harpur Crewe, Esq., Lord of the Manor.) ZJEMINGTON is not named in Domesday, but was probably the small parcel of the superior manor of Loughborough, then belonging to Earl Hugo. In 1270 Roger de Quency, Earl of Winton, died seized of a knight’s fee in Hemington, valued at £10 per annum. Eleanor de Vaux, ve/ict of the said Earl, held the same knight’s fee in dower, and Thomas de Meignell and Robert de Langton, held the same under her to the heirs of the said Earl, her first husband.—Vichols’ Leicestershire. Hemington was afterwards the inheritance of the Crophulls, who were also lords of Sutton and Bonington. In 1279 Robert Balle and Richard Francys, of Hemington, entered into recognizance, that is, made themselves responsible for the attendance in Parliament of Sir Thomas de Meynell, who had been elected one of the members for the county.—WVichols. Agnes, sole daughter and heiress of Thomas de Crophull, brought the manor of Hemington in marriage to Sir Walter Devereux, knight. Walter Devereux (grandson of the last-named Walter), married Anne, sole daughter and heiress of William, Lord Ferrars of Chartley, and was slain at Bosworth Field, 1485. John Devereux, his son and heir, was summoned to Parliament from 1487 to 1496, by the title of John, Lord Ferrars of 140 HEMINGTON CHURCH. Chartley. His second wife was probably Elizabeth Langham, whose beautiful effigy lies on her tomb in the Hemington choir or chapel in Lockington church.—JVichols. Amongst the property which the Abbot and convent of S. Mary de Pratis at Leicester possessed at Hemington, we find the following :— ““We have there of the gift of Robert Meynell, John de Langton, and Hugh of Derby, eleven acres of meadow and one rood, in augmentation of the breadth of their two acres of meadow which lacked in their breadth by the name of tithes of hay,* appertaining to our church of Lockington of them and of their men of Hemington—viz ; those two acres which are near our meadow and our land called Foule as far as the west part in the meadow of Hemington. “Mem: That we have granted to ‘ Dominus’ (? Sir) Thomas Meynell of Hemington and Alice his wife as long as they shall live to hear Divine Service in their Oratory constructed (‘in curia sua’) in the village of Hemington.” This expression is somewhat remarkable ; it may mean within the precincts of their own mansion, to which the present ruins are contiguous; or, it may mean in their ward or lordship, i-e., within the districts of their courts, leet and baron. It is more likely, however, to signify an oratory within the confines of their own mansion, such as we find at Haddon and elsewhere. The present house at Hemington is but a fragment of the original. From the disposition of the remaining portions, the original structure seems to have enclosed two large courts, the scheme of the apartments following the usual medizeval plan. The present inhabited portion formed the centre or dividing block between the two courts, and it still shows the passage between the kitchen and dining-hall as at Haddon. The south doorway of the passage was constructed about the year 1600, whilst the northern is of the Decorative period, c. 1300. The wall of the passage to the west was constructed when that portion of the range between the kitchen and the hall was removed. * Probably given as a substitute for certain tithes of hay. VOL.XxIl. PLATE VI. HEMINGTON CHURCH. I4I Where the original oratory stood in 1220, it is not easy to determine ; but if it held a position analogous to that at Haddon, it would have been at the south-east corner of the garden, near the road, and a little south-west of the present church. The only masonry of this early date consists of what seems to have been a portion of a gateway, at the east end of the inhabited block. It is very certain that the present ruin is not the building referred to in 1220, for it has no architectural features prior to the ‘‘ Early Decorated” period, which prevailed from c. 1270 to c. 1330.* The present church has a small tower, but the use of a bell was denied the oratory of 1220, so that the restriction concerning the bell must have been withdrawn at the erection of the present building.t There can be no doubt but that the successor of Robert de Meynell (probably Sir Thomas, living in 1279), finding the population increasing round his fostering home, and anxious to extend his own privileges to his tenants and dependants, erected a new and more commodious oratory just outside his own gate, and I think this the solution of the whole difficulty. Some note of its erection (if not consecration of altars), should be found in the Episcopal Registers of the diocese. After this long digression, let us proceed with the extract from the ‘ Matriculus” :— *« To hear divine service in their oratory, constructed ‘7 curia sua,’ by their permanent chaplain, but without beating or ringing of bell, reserving all rights of the mother church of Lockington, paying 4 shill. yearly as compensation or arrangement between us and them. The same Thomas Meynell and Alice granted by the aforesaid composition that none of their heirs, nor anyone else (except dy special favour granted), should perform for any Jee, any celebration in the said oratory.” * Plate VI. gives two views of the ruined church; the one of 1825 from the Gentleman’s Magazine, the other from a modern photograph. This Plate has been kindly given to the Journal by Mr. Hugo Harpur Crewe. + There is a legend of the bell having been taken to some neighbouring tower. The records still extant of the doings of the church plunderers of the Tudor era might afford some clue as to its fate. 142 HEMINGTON CHURCH. In the registers of the said Abbey of Leicester, we have the following notice of Hemington, under Lockington :— ‘Church of Lockington—Patron ; Abbot of Leicester, having the same to his own proper use, from of old. “And he hath the Chapel of Hemington which ought not to be served except by favour ‘nisi de gratia.’ ” Nicholas, Vicar of Lockington, was instituted by Hugo, now Bishop of Lincoln, and he pays to the Abbot of Leicester 4 marks from of old.—Matriculus, 1220. The Manor of Hemington passed from the Ferrars family to the Harpurs of Swarkeston. Mr. Wyrley, who visited Hemington about 1590, writes :— ‘‘Here is a ‘fair’ (that is, ‘ beautiful’) church but the glass all ruined, and the church not in use to that end it was builded. We suffer proptum neglectum domus Dei.” From this it would seem that the church was used for some other purpose ¢/ev than a religious one, perhaps a tithe-barn or cattle shed. Will Hemington church ever be restored to its ancient uses ? The following very interesting particulars respecting the pro- posed interment of one of the Harpurs, within the ruined church at Hemington, has been most kindly contributed by Miss Crewe. John Harpur, Esq., second son of Sir John Harpur, Bart., and the Honble. Katharine Lady Harpur, daughter of Thomas Lord Crewe, was born in 1707, and died unmarried at his house in Paddington, London, on the 13th of August, 1780, aged 73. He was buried at Lockington the 24th of the same month. His will (or perhaps the probate copy of it) is in the muniment room at Calke Abbey, and commences as follows :— “J John Harpur of Paddington in the Co. of Middlesex : Esquire do make this my last will and testament in manner following: ffirst, I desire to be buried in the Church of Heming- ton in the Co: of Leicester in a decent but private manner.” A little further on is the following bequest :— “IT give and bequeath unto the Revd: Pére Ambrose a Capuchin ffryer at Paris the sum of 20 £.” HEMINGTON CHURCH. 143 From these directions we have been led to suppose that he became a Roman Catholic, which would account for his wishing to be buried in the ruined church at Hemington, where no re- formed service had ever been held, and it would also probably account for the fact that none of his relations were present at the funeral. We have reason to believe that they were on good terms with him during his lifetime, and Lady Frances Harpur, his niece by marriage, gave my mother an account of her paying him a visit at his house in Paddington, when he received her in full court dress, and expressed his surprise that she should be in plain morning costume, saying—‘ Times have changed since I was young.’ It was the first time she had been, and he looked upon it as a visit of ceremony. His body was brought to Hemington in the night by an old housekeeper, a foreigner, and I have heard, by his foreign valet also. It was with great difficulty they could be induced to believe it was not legal to bury him in Hemington church where the grave had already been dug, but at last they agreed to his inter- ment at Lockington. The housekeeper was greatly distressed saying she had promised her master she would see him buried where he desired. ‘The exact spot in Lockington Church where his body was deposited is not known. Briggs, in his “ History of Hemington,” says, “ A grave was dug in the church, and the coffin put into it, but the soil was never thrown in the grave for weeks,” which is not correct. There is no mention of any service having been said over him. This again points to his having béen a Roman Catholic, in which case the service no doubt took place before he was removed from London. There are two portraits of John Harpur at Calke. One, full length as a boy, taken with his younger brother Edward, and another small print, as a man, holding his favourite horse by the bridle. In the year 1750, we find his name as a subscriber to the * Racing Calendar,” and on June 26th, 1750, the ‘“‘Give and Take” prize at Ripon races was won by his black horse ‘“‘ Now or Never.” In July, 1751, at Hounslow, Middlesex, Mr. John Harpur ran 144 HEMINGTON CHURCH. grey horse for the Ladies’ Plate, and in 1751, also at Barnet, on September 26, he ran his nutmeg grey, “ Frosty-face.” Again, in September, 1758, at Chipping Norton, his chestnut, ‘‘ Smiling Tom.” In 1753, his sister-in-law, Lady Caroline Harpur, in a letter now at Calke Abbey, mentions that Mr. John Harpur is gone to France, and has sent a bureau and another piece of furniture to be taken care of at her house in Grosvenor Street. By Sir John Harpur’s will, dated 11th November, 1734, he leaves the residue of his personal estate to his sons John and Edward equally, and aiso directs that at their mother’s death, his house and furniture situate in St. James’s Place, London, should be sold, and the proceeds divided between his sons John and Edward. In their mother, Lady Harpur’s, will she leaves her son John 20 guineas, anda £5 piece of gold; also a ‘ picktur of my daughter Holte done in crayons witha glass before it, and a small . silver coffee pot, and four salts, and any four books he chooses.” LOCKINGTON. Nicholls, in his ‘History of Leicestershire” seems almost exhaustive in his account of Lockington. I shall not, however, wade through the minute details recorded in his invaluable work, but will confine my extracts to those features which are now missing in the church. Quoting from Burton, he writes—“In the tracery of the N. Window of the North Aisle (rather vague) there are whole figures of Angels, each having 6 wings, placed on wheels, and holding shields—which last are gone.” There is a representation of the Angelic Salutation to the B Virgin with two figures on each side—possibly representing the family of the donor of the glass. The cherubim just mentioned appear to have been in the same window, and the shields then missing would no doubt illustrate the alliances of the donor’s family. In the S.E. Window are the arms of Despenser and Basset. In a south Window the arms of Aylesbury and another, bearing HEMINGTON CHURCH. 145 gules, 3 lions passant guardant in pale ov, within a bordure under a label of France—for Edmund Crouchback Earl of Lancaster, with a figure of the Earl painted on glass. In the N.E. Window, the arms of Crophull, viz., Avg. a saltire gules, fretty or, England—gu. 3 lions passant guardant in pale or. Earl of Kent—the same arms of England within a bordure arg. In the high North Window (probably clerestory) the arms of the Abbey of Leicester ; viz., gu/es, a cinquefoil ermine. And of Roach Abbey—gwles, 3 fishes (? roaches), naiant arg. In the East Chancel or Chapel of the South Aisle called Hemington Chapel, is a recumbent effigy of a lady on a high tomb with six weepers on each side. At the head end of the tomb are two angels holding a shield on which was painted avg. a fesse gu: in chief 3 torteauxes for Devereaux, impaling arg., 3 bears, heads erased sad/e, muzzled ov, for Langham ; and at the foot of the same tomb a shield bearing quarterly, rst.. the Arms of Ferrars ; 2nd and 3rd, Langham ; and 4th, Devereux. On the ledge of this tomb, Mr. Burton says, was inscribed — Hic jacet corpus Dominze Elizabethz Ferrers nuper uxoris Domini Johannis Ferrars de Chartley que Elizabetha obiit 15—. HEMINGTON DEEDS. (No. 1.) Anno 3, Ed. II. (1310.) Universis Christi fidelibus hoc presens Scriptum visuris vel audituris Thomas de Meynil miles, et Robertus filius predicti Thome salutem. Cum nuper per breve dictum cognitio de statuto pro mercatoribus edito omnes terre redditus et tenementa nostra manerii de Hemyngton cum omnibus pertenentiis suis per sacra- mentum duodecim proborum et legalium hominum extendita et Legarde de Crophull de Notingham et Radulpho de Crophull de | Notingham liberata fuerunt tenendum et liberum tenementum sibi et heredibus suis et suis assignatis per extentam predictam quousque tresdecem saccos lane precii cujusque xii marcarum plenari inde levandum. Et insuper postea lis orta fuit inter predictos Legardam et Radulphum ex una parte et predictos IO 146 HEMINGTON CHURCH. Thomam et Robertum ex altera parte per quoddam breve nove disseisine quod predictus Robertus tulit versus predictos Legardam et Radulphum et alios quamplures tenentes de manerio de Hemyngton in brevi predicto nove disseisine conventos. Noveritis nos predictos Thomam de Meynil et Robertum filium predicti Thome et alterum nostrum pro nobis et heredibus nostris con- cessisse predicto Legarde et Radulpho et heredibus et assignatis suis quod bene et in pace teneant omnes terras redditus et tene- menta que eis liberata sunt in maneris de Hemyngton per extentam predictam secundum formam statuti predicti. Ita quod per nos nec per alterum nostrum nec per heredes nostros durante tempore extente predicte in forma predicta in nullo occacionentur graventur nec implacitantur coram quibuscunque justiciariis domini Regis seu aliis ministris domini Regis seu aliorum quorumcunque. In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti scripto predicti Thomas et Robertus sigilla sua apposuerunt Hiis testibus Willielmo de Wodecote, Ricardo de . . . . Roberto de Stokton (?) Roberto de Sutton, Thoma de Radeclive et aliis. Datum apud Montem Sorellum die Mercurii proxima post festum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli anno Regni Regis Edwardii filii Regis Edwardi, tercio. (Two very perfect seals.) (No. 2.) Anno 11 Hen. IV. (1410.) Noverint universi per presentes me Willielmum Broun de Hemyngton remecisse relaxasse et omnino pro me et heredibus meis imperpetuum quieto clamasse Henrico Baker de Hemyngton et Agnete uxori sue heredibus et assignatis eorum totum jus et clameum juris quod habeo seu quovismodo habere potero in uno messuagio ac gardino adjacente ac dimidio Roda terre et eorum omnibus pertinentiis jacentibus in Hemyngton in propria tenura Johannis Broun junioris. Ita quod nec ego predictus Willielmus nec heredes mei nec aliquis aliis nomine nostro aliquod jus nec clameum juris in predicto messuagio cum gardino et dimidia Roda teire cum eorum pertinentiis de cetero exigamus nec habere poterimus sed per presentes sumus exclusi imperpetuum. Et ego HEMINGTON CHURCH. 147 vero predictus Willielmus et heredes mei predictum messuagium cum gardino et dimidia Roda terre cum eorum pertinenciis contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus. In cuius rei testimonium presentibus sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Roberto Roby de Hemington, Johanne Pollard de eadem, Henrico Menante de eadem, Johanne Smyth de eadem, Johanne Broun de eadem, et aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton die lune proximo post festum Purificationis Beatze Mariz anno regni Regis Henrici quarti post conquestum undecimo. (No. 3;) Anno 4 Hen. V. c. May 3 (1416.) Sciant presentes. et futuri quod ego Willielmus Browne de Hemyngton in comitatu Leycester dedi tradidi et dimisi Henrico Baker et Agnete uxori sue quatuor acras terre et duas placias pasture in territorio de Hemyngton quarum dimidia Roda jacet super Braddewong inter terram quondam Thome Maynante ex una parte et terram domini Johannis Warde ex altera parte. Una acra et dimidia roda jacet super Grenelowe inter terram Riche- forde et Johannis Warde. Una dimidia roda super Tipnalbrynke inter terram dictam et Johannis Cogulton: Una dimidia roda super Este-thre-rodes . . . . . Shyremersyde inter terram dictam, et terram Roberti Reke: una dimidia roda in Whatcrofie inter terram Richeforde et Johannes Warde: Una roda super Brereland inter terram dictam et Johannis Warde: una dimidia roda in le Bothom inter terram dictam et Johannis Cogulton : una dimidia roda super le Holoforo inter terram dictam et Johannis Warde: Una roda super Wode-way-Knoll inter terram dictam in parte orientali: una roda super Porteway furlong et buttat super le Porteway juxta terram dictam ex parte australi et terram dictam Johannis Warde ex parte Boriali, et una roda super Henmersike et buttat super Stanwaysike juxta terram Richeforthe ex parte australi et terram dictam Johannis Warde ex parte _Boreali. Una dimidia acra nuper Ryecrofte et duas rodas terre quarum una roda jacet super Ylepole, et una roda super Monday Landes. Et duas placias pasture jacentes in le Holme in eodem 148 HEMINGTON CHURCH. territorio. Habendum et tenendum predictas acras et pasturas predictis Henrico et Agnete ad terminum viginti annorum proxime sequentiium post datum presentium pro quadam summa pecuniz modo date in manibus et faciendo capitalis domino feodi illius servicia inde debita et de jure consueta. In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. Hiis_ testibus Johanne Ledys de Hemyngton, Johanne Pollard, Johanne Browne, Johanne Smyth, Henrico Maynante de eadem, et multis alliis. Datum apud Hemyngton die lune proximo post festum Inven- tionis Sancte Crucis anno regni Regis Henrici quinti post conquestum quarto. (No. 4.) Anno 4 Hen. V. c. June 24 (1416). Hec indentura testatur quod cum Willielmus Brown de Hem- yngton dederit concesserit et per cartam suam confirmaverit Henrico Baker et Agnete uxori sue tres rodas et dimidiam rodam terre arrabilis in territorio de Hemyngton habendum et tenendum predictas tres rodas et dimidiam terre eisdem Henrico et Agnete heredibus et assignatis eorum imperpetuum predicti tamen Henricus et Agneta volunt et concedunt per presentes pro se heredibus et assignatis eorum quod quumcunque et quo tempore predictus Willielmus et heredes sui post festum Sancti Michezelis Archangeli proxime futurum post datum presentium solvant seu solvi faciant eisdem Henrico et Agnete heredibus aut executoribus eorum tresdesim solidos et iiij denarios quod ex tunc predicta carta concessionis predictarum trium rodarum et dimidie terre cum pertinenciis pro nullo habeatur. In cuius rei testimonium partes predicti alternatim presentibus sigilla sua apposuerunt. Datum apud Hemyngton die Lune proximo post festum Nativi- tatis Sancti Johannis Baptiste anno regni Regis Henrici quinti post conquestum quarti. (No. 5.) Anno to Hen. V. c. July 22 (1422). Omnes Christi fidelibus ad quos presentes litere pervenirint Johannes Wynhall et Johanna uxor mea et Thomas Walsham et HEMINGTON CHURCH, 149 Agnes uxor mea filie Rogeri Payne Salutem in domino sempiter- nam. Noveritis nos dedisse concessisse et hac presente carta nostra confirmasse Johanni Goldyng alias Johanni Shepherde de Hemyngton unam placeam jacentem inter placeam Willielmi Grenne ex parte boreali et placeam nuper Ade Fferyman ex parte australi et que quedam placea nuper fuit Alicie filie Ricardi de Rugemund Et unam rodam terre jacentem super Whitcris furlong juxta terram heredum Willielmi Kington et protendit capud super culturam dictam ad viam de Trente. Habendum et tenendum placeam et predictam rodam terri cum omnibus pertenenciis in Hemington predicta prefato Johanni Goldyng alias Johanni Shep- herde heredibus et assignatis suis reddendum faciendum capitalis dominis feodi illius redditus et servicia inde prius debita et consueta. Et nos vero prefati Johannes Wynhall et Johanna uxor mea et Thomas Walshe et Agnes uxor mea filie Rogeri Payne et heredes nostri predictam placeam et predictam rodam terre cum omnibus pertinenciis in Hemyngton predicta prefato Johanni heredibus et assignatus suis contra omnes gentes Warentizabimus et defen- demus imperpetuum. In cuius rei testimonium huic presente carte sigilla nostra apposuimus. His testibus Johanne Ledes de Hemyngton Henrico Baker de eadem, Henrico Meynaunt de eadem, Roberto Meynaunt de eadem, Johanne Smyth de eadem et aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton predictam die Dominica proxima ante festum Sancte Marie Magdalene anno regni Regis Henrici quinti post conquestum decimo. (No. 6. Anno 4 Edw: IV. Oct. 28 (1464). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Ricardus Bate de Hemmyng- ton dedi concessi et hac presente carta mea confirmavi Thome Bonde de Bradmare et Agneti uxori eius tertiam partem unius messuagii mei jacentis inter messuagium predicti Thome ex parte boreali et duarum partium messuagii Johannis Smyth ex parte australi. Et duas partes unius dole vocate ‘Over pytte dole’ jacentis in Chapleyn ffirthryng juxta lapidem ex parte solari Habendum et tenendum predictam partem messuagii et predictas 150 HEMINGTON CHURCH. partes dole cum omnibus suis pertinenciis predictis Thome et Agneti heredibus et assignatis suis de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero prefatus Ricardus et heredes mei omnia predicta partem messuagii et partes dole cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefato Thome et Agneti heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantiza- bimus et imperpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui. His testibus Thome Rathdale Vicario Ecclesie de Lokynton Willielmo Mall de Hemmyngton Willielmo Bate de eadem Rogero Barode de eadem et multus allis. Datum apud Hemmyngton in festo Apostolorum Simonis et Jude anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie quarto. (No. 7.) Anno 1g Edw. IV. Oct. 1 (1479). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Ricardus Goldyng alias dictus Ricardus Shephirde filius et heres Johannis Goldynge alias dicti Johannis Shephirde nuper de Hemyngton dedi concessi et hac presente carta mea confirmavi Ricardo Goldynge alias R. Shephirde juniori fillo meo unam placiam cum suis pertinenciis in Hemyngton predicta et unam rodam terre arabilis ibidem jacentem nuper Whitcresforling inter terras heredum Willielmi Langton Que quidem placea et roda terre arabilis michi descenderunt jure hereditario post mortem predicti Johannis Goldyng patris mei Habendum et tenendum omnes predictas placeam et rodam terre arabilis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefato Ricardo Goldyng alias dicto Ricardo Shephirde juniori filio meo heredibus et assig- natis suis de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero predictus Ricardus Goldyng alias dictus Ricardus Shephirde filius et heres predicti Johannis Goldyng alias dicti Johannis Shephirde et heredes mei omnes predictas placeam et rodam terre cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefato Ricardo Goldyng alias dicto Ricardo Shephirde juniori filio meo et heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus. In cuius rei testi- monium huic presenti carte mei sigillum meum apposui His —— HEMINGTON CHURCH. 151i testibus Willielmo Osborne Willielmo Roby, Willielmo Malle, Rogero Barogh et Willielmo Bate ac multis aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton predictam primo die Octobris anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie decimo nono. (No. 8.) Anno 20 Edw. IV. Jan. 1. (1482). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Alicia Hogh in pura viduitate mea nuper uxor Johannis Bagnale dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Johanni Ffenton unum cotagium cum edificiis et orto adjacente cum suis pertinenciis in villa de Hemyngton ac tres rodas terre arabilis jacentes in campis ibidem nec non locum communie animalis in Hemyngton Holme Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta cotagium cum edificiis ortum terras et locum animalis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefato Johannis Ffenton heredibus et assignatis suis que quidem cotagium cum edificiis ortum terras et locum communiz animalis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis nuper habui simul cum predicto Johanne Bagnale nuper marito meo qui jam viam universe carnis ingressus est ex dono et feoffamento Willielmi Peke nuper de Hemyngton de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero predicta Alicia Hogh et heredes mei omnia predicta cotagium cum edificiis ortum tres rodas terre et locum communie animalis cum omnibus suis perti- nenciis prefato Johanni Ffenton heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Willielmo Roby Willielmo Presbury Johanne Shepherd, Willielmo Bate et Rogero Borogh ac multis aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton predictam primo die Januarii anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie vicesimo. (No. 9.) Anno 20, Edw: IV. Jan. 1. (1482). Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit Alicia Hogh nuper uxor Johannis Bagnale salutem in domini 152 HEMINGTON CHURCH. sempiternam. Noveritis me prefatam Aliciam in pura viduitate mea attornam constituisse et loco meo posuisse dilectum mihi in Christo Thomam Ledes meum verum et legitimam attornatum ad intrandum et deliberandum pro me et in nomine meo plenam et pacificam possessionem ac seisinam Johanni Ffenton heredibus et assignatis suis de et in uno cotagio cum gardino adjacente et edificiis in villa de Hemyngton tribus rodis terre arabilis jacentis in campis ibidem et loco . . . . in Hemington Holme que nuper habui simul cum predicto Johanne Bagnale nuper marito meo qui jam viam universe carnis ingressus est exdono et feoffa- mento Willielmis Peke nuper de Hemyngton predicta secundum vim formam et effectum cuiusdam carte mee prefato Johannis Ffento heredibus et assignatis suis . . . et gratum habentem et habitura quicquid predictus attornatus meus fecerit in nomine meo in premissis aut in aliquo premissorum. In cuius rei testi- monium huic presenti scripto meo sigillum meum apposui. His testibus Willielmo Roby Willielmo Presbury, Johanne Shepherd Willlelmo Bate et Rogero Barogh ac multis aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton predictam primo die Januarii anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie, vicesimo. (No. ro.) Anno 20, Edw. IV. Feb. 1 (1482). Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit Agnes Wright nuper uxor Thome ...oond et Henricus ...oond filius et heres predictorum Thome et Agnetis remesisse relaxasse et omnino pro nobis et heredibus nostris in perpetuum quietum clamasse Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue heredibus et assignatis ipsius Willielmi Totum jus nostrum statum titulum clameum possessionem et interesse que habemus habuimus seu quovismodo in futurum habere poterimus de et in omnibus terris et tenementi pratis pascuis et pasturis locisin de Holme redditibus reversionibus et serviciis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis in Hemyngton in comitatu Leycester. Ita quod nec nos prefati Agnes Wright et Henricus nec heredes nostri nec aliquis aliis in nomine nostro aliquod jus clameum et interesse de et in omnibus HEMINGTON CHURCH. 153 predictis terris et tenementis pratis pascuis locis in le Holme redditibus reversionibus et serviciis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis seu aliqua inde parcella de toto exigere aut vindicare poteremus Sed ab omni actione juris et clameo omnimodo inde petendis imperpetuum per presentes sumus exclusi. Et nos vero predicti Agnes et Henricus omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascua et pasture loca in le Holme redditus reversiones et servicia cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue heredibus et assignatis ipsius Willielmi contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus et imperpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto nostro, sigilla nostra apposuimus. Data primo die Ffebruarii anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie vicesimo. (No. 11.) Anno 20, Edw. IV. Jan. 4 (1482.) Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum_ pervenerit nos Agnes Wright nuper uxor Thome ...ound et Henricus ...oone filius et heres predictum Thome et Agnetis attornasse constituisse et in loco nostro posuisse dilectos nostros in Christo Edmundum Roby et Willielmum . . . . conjunctim et divisim nostros veros et legitimos attornatos ad intrandum et deliberandum pro nobis et nomine nostro plenam et pacificam possessionem de seisina Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue heredibus et assignatis ipsius Willielmi de et in omnibus terris et tenementis nostris pratis pascuis et pasture locis in le Holme redditibus reversionibus et serviciis cum omnibus suis pertinenciis in Hemyngton in comitatu Leycester secundum vim formam et effectum cujusdam carte nostre prefatis Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue heredibus et assignatis ipsius Willielmi inde confecta. Ratos et gratos habentes et habituri quicquid predicti attornatorum nostri in nomine nostro fecerint in premissis seu in aliquo premissorum. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti scripto nostro sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis testibus Willielmo Roby, Willielmo Malle, Willielmo Bate, Rogero Barogh, et Willielmo Presbury, ac multis aliis. Datum apud Hemyngton 154 HEMINGTON CHURCH. predictam quarto die Januarii Anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum Anglie Vicesimo. (No. 12.) Anno 6, Henry VII. 29 April (1491). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Thomas Wodde filius Johanne nuper uxoris Johannis Wodde patris mei dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue heredibus et assignatis ipsius Willielmi omnia terras et tenementa mea pomarium gardinum tofta crofta prata pascua pasturas et duo loca in le Holme cum suis pertinenciis in Hemington in parochia de Lokyngton in comitatu Leycester habendum et tenendum omnia predicta tofta et crofta prata pascua pasturas et duo loca in Hemyngton Holme cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinenciis prefatis Willielmo Osborne et Agneti uxori sue habendum et ipsius Willielmi de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta et ego de vero predictus Thomas Wodde (warranty in the usual terms). In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti carte mea sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Thomas ...odshawe de Hemington predicta gentylman, Willielmo Malle de eadem Willielmo Bate de eadem Willelmo Presbury de eadem Rogero Baro de eadem Willielmo Sykhull de Castel donyngton clerico Magistro Johanne Bours de eadem Willielmo Roby de eadem et Edwardo Roby de eadem ac multis alliis Datum apud Hemyngton predictam penultimo die Aprilis anno regni Regis Henrici Septimi post conquestum Anglie Sexto. (No. 13.) Anno 6, Hen. VII. May 7 (1491). (Release of the same last mentioned premises by Thomas Wodde to William Osborne and Agnes, his wife, and to the heirs of William.) (No. 14.) Anno 10, Henry VII. Oct. 1 (1494). Sciant presentes et futuri quad ego Thomas Goldyng alias dictus Thomas Sheppird filius et heres Ricardi Goldyng alias dicti Ricardi Shephird de Hemyngton, dedi concessi et h: p:c:m: HEMINGTON CHURCH. 155 conf: Johanni Devoroux militi unam placeam cum suis pert: in Hemyngton predicta et unam rodam terre arabilis ibidem jacentem inter terras et rodas Willielmi Langton Que quidem placea et roda terra arabilis michi descenderunt jure hereditario post mortem predicti Thome Golding patris mei alias dicti Tome Shepperd habendum et tenendum omnes predictas placeam et rodam terre &c. prefato Johanni Devoreux militi hered: & assig: suis de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta (clause of warranty to John Devoroux). In cujus rei testimonium pres : cart mei sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus Tome Whytby Johanni Mall Roberto Lepar ac multis aliis. Dato apud Hemyngton predictam primo die Octobris anno regni Regis Henrici Septimi xvj° decimo.” (No. 15.) Anno 10, Hen. VII. Feb. 10 (1494.) Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Devereux miles dominus Fferres de Chartley dedi concessi et hac presentes carta mea confirmavi Elizabete uxori mee unam placeam cum suis pertinentiis in Hemyngton et unam rodam terre arabilis ibidem jacentem super Whyt forlong inter terras heredum Willielmi Langton Que quidem placea et roda terre arabilis habeo ex dono et concessione Tome Goldyng alias dicti Tome Sheperd habendum et tenendum omnes predictas placeam et rodam terre cum omnibus suis pertinentiis prefate Elizabete heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum de capitalis domini feodi illius per serviciis inde debita et de jure consueta (claim of warranty by John Devereux Dominus Fferres de Chartley). In cuius rei testimonium huic pres: cart: mei sigillum meum apposul. Hiis testibus Tome Whytby Johannes Mall Roberto Lepar cum multis aliis Dato apud Growby decimo die Ffebruarii anno regni Regis Henrici Septimi post conquestum xvj° decimo.” signed, Jo: Devereux. (No. 16.) Anno 5, Hen. VIII. (1513). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Walterus Osborne de 156 HEMINGTON CHURCH. Hemyngton dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Thome Wryth de eadem et heredibus suis unum cotagium cum gardino adjacente in Hemyngton et unam animalem pasturam in in pastura domini eidem cotagio adjacente quod quidem cotagium jacet inter cotagium domini de Fferres ex una parte et cotagium Johannis Savege exaltera parte habendum et tenendum predictum cotagium cum gardino adjacentem et predictam animalem pasturem in pasturis predictis prefato Thome heredibus vel assignatis suis imperpetuum de capitalis domini feodi illius per serv : inde debita et de jure consueta (clause of warranty). In cujus rei testimonium hac pres: cart: m: sigillum meum apposui Datum apud Hemyng- ton in die Sabbotti ante festum Sancti Pauli Apostoli. Hiis testibus Johanne Barow de Hemington Ricardo Bate de eadem Robert Revet de eadem et Ricardo Vincent de eadem et multis aliis anno regni Regis Henrici Octavi quinto.” (No. 17.) Anno 5 Hen. VIII. Jan. 7 (151%). (Bond of Walter Osborne to Thomas Wrygth for payment of chief rent of the said cottage for ten years.) (No. 18). Anno 6 Hen. VIII. May 7 (1514). “Indenture bytwene Elizabeth deverres Laydy Ferrers late Wyffe to John deverres sometyme Lord Ferrers of Chartley on the one partye, and Walter Osborne afid Raffe Whytbye of Donyngtown on the odur partye.’’ Walter Osborne bargains and sells ‘‘to the sayde Lady A cotage and a crofte in Heymington now in the holding of Raffe Whytbye to hold to the sayde lady and her heyres and assignes for evermore.” Agreement for further assurance—to deliver all evidences, charters and muniments. ‘‘ And Raffe Whytbye for a sum of money ‘ promissed to be payde to him by the sayde lady’ bargains and sells to the sayde ladye all such interest lease and terme of years which he hath in the said premisses.” HEMINGTON CHURCH. 157 (No. 19). Anno 6 Hen. VIII. May 14 (1514). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Walterus Osborne frater junior Willielmi Osborne de Donyngton dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi domine Elizabeth Deverres vidue quondam uxori domini Johannes Deverres nuper domini ferrers de Chartley defuncti unum cotagium cum crofto in Hemyngton quondam in tenura Ricardi Donyngton et nunc in tenura Radulphi Whytbye habendum et tenendum predictum cotagium et croftum cum suis pertinenciis prefate domine Elizabeth heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum ad usum suum proprium. Et ego vero predictus Walterus et heredes mei predictum cotagium et croftum cum suis pertinentiis prefate domine Elizabeth heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et imper- petuum defendemus per presentes. In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti carta mei sigillum meum apposui. Datum quarto decimo die Maii Anno Regni Regis Henrici octavi, Sexto. per me Walterum Osborne. (No. 20). Anno 6 Henry VIII. May 16 (1514). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Elizabeth Deverres vidua quondam uxor domini Johannis deverres nuper domini Fferrars de Chartley defuncti donavi concessi et hae presenti carta mea confirmayvi Rogero Eyre de Holme Armigero, Johanni Savage de Lokynton Roberto Turner de Hemyngton et Edwardo Bartfeld unum cotagium cum crofto in Hemyngton quod nuper perquisivi de Waltero Osborne habendum et tenendum predictum cotagium cum crofto predicto prefatis Rogero, Johanni, Roberto, et Edwardo heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum ad usum mei prefate Elizabeth et inde perimplendum ultimam voluntatem seu aliam liberam dispositionem meam (clause of warranty) Et ad seisinam et possessionem de et in eodem cotagio et crofto secundum formam et effectum hujus presentis carte mee prefatis Rogero Johanni Roberto et Edwardo deliberandam noveritis me constituisse dilectum michi in Christo Ricardum Vincent meum 158 HEMINGTON CHURCH. verum et legitimam attornatum per presentes. Iu cuius rei testimonium sigillum meum apposui. Data sexto decimo Die Maii anno regni Regis Henrici octavi sexto. (No. 21). Anno 19 Hen. VIII. Nov. 10 (1527). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Thomas Wryght de Hemyngton dedi concessi et hac presens carta mea confirmavi Elizabeth de verres vidue quondam uxori domini Johannis de verres nuper domini fferrers de Chartley defuncti unum cotagium cum gardino adjacente in Hemyngton predicta et unam animalem pasturam in pasturis domini dicto cotagio adjacentum quod quidem cotagium jacet inter cotagium domini le fferrers ex una parte et cotagium Johannis Savage ex altera parto habendum et tenendum predictum cotagium cum gardino adjacente et predictam animalem pasturam in pastura predicta prefate Elizabethe heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta (clause of warranty) Hujus rei testimonium huic presenti carta mea sigillum meum apposui Datum apud Hemyngton predictam decimo die mensis Novembris anno regni Regis Henrici VIII decimo nono. Hiis testibus Ricardo Vinsent Johanne Goldyng Willielmo Lowe Willielmo Revett Johanne Geffrey et Thoma Revett cum multis aliis. (No. 22). Anno 22 Elizab. Aug. 17 (1580). Hec indentura facta inter Margaretam Willoughbie viduam nuper uxorem Willielmi domini Willoughbie de Parham defuncti et ante uxorem honorabilis viri Walteri fferrers Vicomitis Hereford ex una parte et Johannes Harpur de Swarkeston in comitatu Derb: Armigerum exaltera parte. Testatur predictam Margaretam pro quadam suma bone et legalis monete Anglie prefate Margarete per predictum Johannem Harpur pre manibus soluta predictz Margareta fatetur ae plenarie contentam et satisfactam et predictum HEMINGTON CHURCH, 159 Johannem Harpur heredes et executores suos inde acquietat per presentes dedisse concesisse et hoc presenta scripto confirmasse profato Johanni Harpur ‘Totum illud Manerium suum de Hem- yngton in comitatu Leycestrie ac omnia et singula messuagia cotagia edificia hortos gardina terras tenementa prata pascua pasturas piscarias redittus reversiones servicia ac cetera heredita- menta sua quecumque cum suis pertinenciis universis in Hemyng- ton Lockengton Dunnyngton, et Dyseworthe in dicto comitatu Leicestrie. Habendum et tenendum et gaudendum predictum manerium ac cetera omnia et singula premissa cum suis pertinenciis universis profato Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis durante vita naturali prefate Margarete ad solum opus et usum dicti Johannis heredum et assignatorum suorum in perpetuum. Reddendo inde annuatim prefate Margarete et assignatis suis pro termino vite sue Triginta et duas libras bone et legalis monete Anglie ad festum Sancti Michzlis Archangeli et annuncionis Beate Marie Virginis per equales porciones. Et si contingat predictum annualem redditum triginta et duarum librarum aut aliquam inde parcellam arretro fori in parte vel in toto aliquo tempore durante vita eiusdem Margarete post aliquod festum festorum predictorum quo ut prefertur solvi debent et non solutum si legittime petatur quod tunc et deinceps bene liceat prefate Margarete et assignatis suis durante vita prefate Margarete in predictum manerium et cetera premissa et in quamlibet inde parcellum intrare et distringere distr. sic ibidem captos et habitos licite apportari effugare ac penes se retinere quousque de predicto redditu triginti et duarum librarum cum arreragiis inde si que fuerint plenarie sunt satisfacti et persoluti. Et prefata Margareta predictum Manerium ac omnia et singula alia premissa cum suis pertinenciis universis prefato Johanni heredibus et assignatis suis ad opus ad usum predictum contra se et heredes suos Warantizabit et in perpetuum defendet per presentes Et insuper prefata Margareta constituit ordinavit attornasset et in loco suo posuit dilectos sibi in Christo Williel mum Baynbrigge generosum et Johannem Jacksonne suos veros legittimos attornatos conjunctim et divisim ad intrandum et ingrediendum vice et nomine suo in predictum manerium cum 160 HEMINGTON CHURCH. pertinenciis ac in omnia et singula premissa cum suis pertinenclis et in quamlibet inde parcellam ac inde plenam et pacificam possessionem et seisinam capiendum et post hujusmodi posses- sionem et seisinam sic inde captam et habitam ad deliberandum vice et nomine suo prefato Johanni Harpur aut suo certo in hac parte attornato plenam pacificam possessionem et seisinam de et in premissis uel aliquam inde parcellam nomine premissorum secundum vim formam et effectum hujus presentis carte Ratum et gratum habent et habitura totum et quicquis dicti attornati sui aut eorum alter de aut circa premissa vice et nomine suo fecerit seu fuerint aut fier’ causabunt. In cuius rei predicta Margareta huic presenti scripto indentato sigillum suum apposuit alteri vero parti hujus presentis scripti predictus Johannes Harpur sigillum suum apposuit. Datum decimo septimo die Augusti anno regni Elizabeth Dei gratia Anglie ffrancie et Hibernie Regine fidei defensoris &c. vicesimo secundo. Margaret Hereford. Indorsements. Sigillatum signatum et deliberatum in presencia Henrici Stanlye et Johannis Jacksonne. Signum predicti Henrici Stanlye William Bainbrigge , Memorandum that possession and seisin John Jacksonne ) was delivered to the within named John Harpur by the within named Willm. Bainbrigge and John Jacksonne of and in one tenement in the tenure of John Taylier in the name of the mannor and all other the lands and tenements within conteyned the xx™ day of Auguste in anno infra scripto in the presence of Richard Harpur. Henr. Harman. John Taylier. M? that this deed was showed forth unto John Jackson examined as a witnes on the behalfe of George Earle of Hunting- don and others pllfs against Edward Devereux Esq. def* xiij*® die Septembris anno 1602 anno xlilij® Elizabeth Regine before us we Agard. HEMINGTON CHURCH. 161 (No. 23.) 30 Elizabeth, July 20 (1588). To all Christian people to whom theis presents shall come, I Jane Harpur of Swarkeston in the countie of Derby widowe late wiffe of Richard Harpur late one of Quenes maties justice of the comon Pleas at Westminster deceased, send greeting in our Lord God everlastinge know ye me the said Jane for the tender affection good will and naturall love which I bear to mywelbeloved sonne John Harpur esquier and for divers other good causes and considerations me specially movinge to give graunt release ratyfie and confirme and by these presents do give graunt release ratyfie and confirme unto the said John all my parte and porcion of all maner the bedds bedding naperey Quishions carpetts brasse pewter Ironware woodware and other ymplements of howshold stuffe and husbandryware whatsoever which now are or be jointlie holden occupied usid remayninge and beinge betwixt me the said Jane and the said John in and about our mansion house of Hemyngton in the countie of Leicester And all my right title interest, use, possession claime and demaunde whatsoever of in and to the same and of in and to any parte and parcell thereof In witness wherof I the said Jane to this my present writinge have sett my seale the xx daie of July in the xxx™ yere of the Raigne of our Soveraigne ladye Elizabeth by the grace of God Quene of Englande Fraunce and Ireland Defender of the ffaith &c. Sealed and delivered in the Jane Harpur. presence of me Gawyn Phelipps. [P.S.—It is only right to state that this paper has been carefully revised since the visit of the Society to Hemington, the writer not having had the opportunity of making a personal inspection of the manor house and church before its delivery.] II 162 , Chesterfield Church Customs of the Eighteenth Century. By Rey. J. Caarues ‘Cox, LL:D., FS:As AITHIN the parish church of Chesterfield, in the chapel 4, of St. George (usually known as the Calton Chapel), on the south side of the chancel, is a massive old oak chest bound round with iron bands and staples, and fastened with six locks. The parochial archzeologist might naturally expect to discover a rich “ find” of old papers in such a receptacle, but it contains nothing earlier than papers of last century of trivial moment. One book, however, deserves more careful notice. It is called :—“ A Book of Register, for the use of the Church, to enter the Money that is collected at the Sacrament as also the Disbursments and the Names of the Persons to whom it’s given, by Bernard Lucas & John Webster Church Wardens. Anno Dom : 1733.” This volume seems to be the only survivor of the large number of important parish books that this chest, or some other receptacle, at one time sheltered. We were told, many years ago, by the late Archdeacon Hill, that more than a score of old parish volumes disappeared during the prolonged restoration of the church fifty years ago, and that he in vain tried to recover them. This folio account book extends from 1733 to 1809, and consists of 168 leaves or folios. The parchment and board cover is nearly off, and the leaves are loose. We venture to ask that a few shillings be expended on a new cover, and that the leaves be all paged as a preventive to abstraction. CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. 163 As a sample of the book, the first page is here transcribed :— June 3° Collected ... 0.10. 6 The Vickar had at severall 1733 times was nee bay cle July 1st Collec O.16. 7 The Curat bea Pea wee to) Aug's Collected ©.14. 5% The 3 officers... me ioe FeO Sept. 2th more 0.17.10 30th more OTA 03 OF 17. 0; 3-13- 7% Remains ... ia te ee Oven Given as follows To Ant : Deate ade On 210 W? Atkin 2/ W? Fox 2/ .. 0.4.0 W? Kirkwood 2/ H Slater oy 0.4.0 W? Bland 2/ W4 Howey 2/ 0.4.0 W!? Cartledge 2/ W¢ Pease 2/ 0.4.0 Two Wid’ Chantry 50c 0.4.0 W? Whitaker 2/ W¢ Stubing 2/... O41 W? Turner 2/ W? Watkinson 2/ 0.4.0 W? Calow 2/ W4 Wheatley 2/ ... 0.4.0 Thos Hawksworth 0.2.0 Francis Tupman Onto Thos Wheatcroft .. Moe FU W? England 1/ W? Wright 2/ 0.3.0 W?! Moor 1/ W? Houghton 2/ 0.3.0 W? Brailsford 0.1.0 Ruth & Elizabeth Kirlawood One2 0 Grace Beadson 0.2.0 W™ Hudson o.1.14 T : Bush wife 64 W¢ Bush 64 0.1.0 Thos Gilberthorpe Bod 0.0.6 W4 Mittam 62 W4 Renshaw 64 Onel wo W!? Stringfellow 0.0.6 W? Needham OQ). 0 Dor : Wilmott Oeil 5 (8) Ed. Lowe wife Cin ein © Izabell Hall 0.0.6 W! Rollison 01210/,0 nN “ lon} “ bol 164 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. The vicar at this date was Thomas Hincksman, who entered upon the incumbency in 1715. The other vicars during the period covered by this book were, William Wheeler, 1739 ; John Wood, 1765; and George Bossley, 1781. The various sums paid to the vicars, and occasionally to a curate, throughout this book, are obviously for special gifts they desired to make to the poor, the churchwardens keeping rigid and personal care over the distribution of almost the whole of the sacramental alms. With regard to the ‘three officers,” the officers who receive payment throughout the book must have been church, and not parish officials. They are evidently almost invariably two in number, and were, we suppose, the parish clerk and the sexton. Perhaps in this case of three, one whose appointment had lapsed was included. Under some years, when there was a payment of two shillings to the officers many times during the year, it appears as though they had always received an extra gift after a celebration of the Holy Communion. This was an old established custom in some parishes. In the years 1733-4, there were sixteen Sacrament days; but in the following year, and almost invariably throughout the book, there were eighteen during the year, namely, one on the first Sunday of each month, with these additional times—Christmas Day, Good Friday, Easter Day, Low Sunday, Whitsun Day, and ‘Trinity Sunday. It is rather remarkable to note how change of vicars did not seem to effect the church customs, and how the number of celebrations remained the same throughout four incumbencies. Chesterfield was decidedly superior in this respect to not a few parishes of the end of last century and the beginning of this, where the shocking irreverence and carelessness with regard to Holy Communion had relegated its celebration to quarterly days ; but there were at the same time many churches, at all events in London and in towns, where weekly celebrations never fell into abeyance. The Good Friday celebration is somewhat remarkable. In the early days of the Church there was no Mass on the anniversary of | CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. 165 our Lord’s death. The earliest documentary evidence of this cus- tom is in the days of Pope Innocent I., about the year 450, but the habit was certainly of much greater antiquity ; and as it prevailed in the days of St. Augustine, probably represents the practice of the Apostolic Church. This tradition is attested as an accepted fact by the sixteenth canon of the Council of Toledo, in the year 693, which ordains that there shall be daily mass for the King of Spain and his family, save on Good Friday, ‘‘ which is a day upon which it is not permitted to anyone to celebrate the Sacred | Mysteries.” In the Eastern Church, there is no recognition of the Eucharist at all on this day. Though there is not con- clusive evidence that it was ever intended by our Re- formers to set this long established custom of the Church at defiance, it would seem that a sheer spirit of perversity caused a certain portion of the Puritan and Genevan element within the Church of England, who disobeyed the whole spirit and letter of the Prayer-book in the number of their celebrations, to select Good Friday for ‘‘a Sacrament day.” Some, indeed, went so far as to abandon an Easter Day celebration in favour of one on the death-day of our Lord. Chesterfield is one of the only instances that we have found wherein a continuous and largely attended Good Friday celebration can be proved right through the eighteenth century. The total of the sum collected at these sacramental offertories in 1733-4 was £13 8s. 34d.; in 1734-5 it amounted to £14 3s. 6d. It remained at this latter average for some years, but by the end of the century had more than doubled in amount, the yearly average exceeding £30. ; As a rule the payments are tersely entered without any descrip- ° tion, and varied in amount from 4d. to 2s. In 1745, 2s. 6d. was given to “Soldyer Bowes motherless children ;” in 1751, 6d. was given to “a soldier’s wife in y° Glumangate.” Payment was occasionally made out of the sacramental fund in kind instead of money. Thus, in 1745, 4s. 6d. was given ‘‘ for a pare of shoose ;” and on another occasion, 7s. 8d. “for 2 shirts & stocks.” On another occasion, a ‘‘ campernow ” was bestowed upon a widow 166 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. at a cost of one shilling ; we should doubt if there are any Derby- shire folk who would now know what such a term meant ; but we find that Grose explains—‘‘ Camperknows : ale-pottage, made with sugar and spice, etc. ;” probably the old widow was at the time seriously ill, and was thus comforted at the church’s expense. In 1752, we find the first entry relative to giving coals to the poor. The coals were extraordinarily low in price, and probably the “load” of those days was something very different to what we understand as a load now-a-days. George Sheldon received 11s. 8d. for ‘20 L4 Coles.” In 1755, 167 loads of coal were purchased for £4 17s. 5d.; and in 1757, there is an entry of ‘* 162 loads of coales given to sundrey,”’ at a cost of £4 14s. 6d. The churchwardens of Chesterfield had the distribution of the bread doles in their hands, and this volume contains various entries with respect to them. They not infrequently added to these doles out of the sacramental fund. The first entry with regard to bread is in 1747, when £1 was spent in loaves for the poor on St. Thomas’ Day. On March 24th, 1748, being Good Friday, £1 11s. od. was given by the churchwardens “ to sundry persons when we gave Naylor’s dole.” Naylor’s dole was a charity founded by Ralph Naylor and his son, of the same name, consisting of £60, the yearly produce of which was to be given on Good Friday in bread to poor housekeepers of the town of Chesterfield. The accumulation of several years interest sub- sequently brought up the principal to 495 8s., the interest on which remained for many years at £2 7s. 8d., at the low rate of 21 per cent., and was scrupulously given in accordance with the ~ bequest, generally with some further addition. The other bread-dole was originated by Theodosia Winchester, who in 1737 left £20 to be invested, the interest on which was to be expended in the purchase of bread for the poor of Chesterfield, to be distributed on St. Matthias’ Day (February 24th) by the churchwardens. ‘Theodosia left instructions that the bread was to be baked by her nephew, Humphry Winchester, and _ his descendants, so long as any of them should exercise the trade of a baker and were careful in the baking. The name of Winchester CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. 167 seems to have died out as a Chesterfield baker during that cen- tury, for none of that name were dealt with by the churchwardens after 1780. At the beginning of this century, the names of the four Chesterfield bakers who supplied the dole and charitable . bread were Wilson, Hawkesley, Cooper, and Hardy. The Win- chester dole for a long period only realised 15s. 11d. per annum. In 1791 is this entry :—“ Winchester Dole given on St Matthias Day and Distributed in threepenny Loaves to the poor by Tho: Browne & Sam! Diggin Churchwardens. Naylor’s Dole gave away on Good Friday.” A little later than this, we find that the interest for both the doles, amounting to £3 3s. 7d., was paid to the churchwardens by Mr. Bernard Lucas, jun., a banker, being invested in the Matlock Turnpike Trust. In 1802 the interest was increased, Naylor’s charity producing £3 11s. 6d., and Winchester’s £1 3s. 10d. In 1795, both the doles were given on Good Friday at the church, resulting in the distribution of 144 sixpenny loaves to as many poor people. Different churchwardens adopted different ways of distributing both the doles and other moneys. In 1797, the Good Friday crowd of church bread-seekers was avoided by 45 15s. 93d. being distributed round the town to poor widows. But shortly afterwards, this irreverent custom was still further intensified ; and it is anything but pleasant to think of the church- wardens giving away, in 1789, 420 sixpenny loaves in the church, on the death-day of the Church’s Master, to as many struggling applicants. In 1804, 360 loaves were thus distributed, and in 1806 four hundred. Record is made, under the year 1792, on September 3oth, of an “ Especial Sacrament for The Mayor and Corporation,” but their liberality was not excessive, the alms only amounting to 6s. 6d. The money at the disposal of the churchwardens for the relief of the poor was occasionally increased in special ways. Thus, in 1795, they “‘received of Mrs. Smith, for Pigs being in the churchyard, 2s. 3d.”; other entries show that the usual poundage fee upon such beasts was 6d. a pig. But other fines not of their 168 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. own levying came into their hands. Under the date of Decem- ber rst, 1793, are the following entries :—‘ Received sundries fines as undernamed which are distributed in the account of Disbursments. of M! T. Mittam for suffering Tipling in his house during divine service - - I Fe 9 5 M‘ T. Fox for Do. - - . . - - 0.7 FGmeo M® A. Cowley Do. - - - - - = Ol Tara M* Sam. Beard Do. - - . - : - Mo. ene of Mt S. Ollerenshaw for Tipling - - = “Orage M* Hardy for Do. - . - - - =" a ee ea M' Tho. Hearnshaw Do. - - - : = On Seer Mt W. Roiston for suffering Tipling in his house 0.10.0 W” Rogers for being Drunk . . - +) OSes M* H. Brocksop for Tipling on a Sunday - = Ol. ameyaee During the same year, on Nov. 6th, William Parker’s fine of 5s. “‘for being in Liquor” was handed to the Churchwardens, and it is interesting to find that his own conscience condemned him, for he gave another shilling, ‘‘his own addition for Alms- houses in the Saltergate.” The record of other fines for Sunday tippling occur in other parts of the book. In 1796, the churchwardens “ received from John Bowes, Esq., Mayor, 5 shillings as a fine paid by Jos. Glossop for Leading Cows on the Sabath day.” In 1803, they received a shilling fine that had been imposed for swearing. From 1801 onwards, the number of communicants at the more important celebrations of Holy Communion are given, from which we have compiled the following table. NUMBER OF COMMUNICANTS AT THE PARISH CHURCH, CHESTERFIELD. Christmas Day. Good Friday. Easter Day. 1801-2 ae 124 ae 136 ahs — 1802-3 pie 137 je 103 = 119 1803-4 oa 87 SOE 80 ae 76 1804-5 Se 100 soc 100 Be 80 1805-6 soe 107 sn 116 Jos 77 CHESTERFIELD CHURCH CUSTOMS. 169 In 1804-5, there was an average of 50 communicants at the other monthly communions of the year. The only expenditure entered in this book, otherwise than the distribution to the poor, is that of wine for the Holy Communion. The amount spent and the bottles of wine consumed during 1755, and for several subsequent years, are entered at the end of the volume. The wine cost 2s. a bottle. Six bottles were required at Easter and at Christmas; this quantity would amply suffice for six times the number of communicants, in well ordered churches, at the present time. Wine was also sometimes purchased for other purposes. In 1757, the Dean of Lincoln, as rector, visited the church, and two bottles of wine were provided for him. In the same year, namely, on August 4th, Bishop Cornwallis was at Chesterfield for a confirmation, when the churchwardens actually spent £1 4s. od. on wine for his lordship, as well as gs. for wine “for his secretary & gentlemen,” and in addition to this, spent a pound on wine for themselves and the church officers on the same occasion! Certainly, times are changed for the better. Out of these sacramental alms received at the parish church, the hamlets always used to receive a certain proportion. In 1786, when two pounds were assigned them, the following division was made, Newbold, 10s.; Brimington, 1os.; Hasland, 4s. 6d. ; Tapton, 2s.; Normanton, 3s. 9d.; Calow, 6s.; Walton, 3s. 9d. Later on in the book, we find that it became usual to assign ros. each to Newbold and Brimington, and five shillings each to the remaining five. It only remains to be added that there is a gap in the entries in this book between the years 1771 and 1791, and to again plead for the re-binding and careful preservation of this interesting volume of Chesterfield church customs of the last century. Our thanks are due to Mr. Churchwarden Windle for the kind facilities that he gave for consulting these pages. 170 Prebendal Houses at Bittle Chester. By GEorGE BAILey. SA ESIDES the Stone House prebend, of which we gave a m) «short account in the last volume of this journal, mention is made in the same deed of Queen Mary, of other houses called “the two small Prebends in Little Chester.” But there were originally seven of these prebendal farms there, which joined the stipend or maintenance of the prebendaries of the Collegiate Church of All Saints’, in consideration of their taking duty at stated times in the Church and its Chapels. The College was dissolved by Edward VI., and its estates sold to Thomas Smith and Henry Newsum for 4346 13s. 4d. The names of the prebendaries and the value of their stipends were, ‘‘ Magister Ramsey, Clerk, 13s, 4d., those of Magister Elien and William Taylor at a like sum respectively, Richard Weste 4os. 8d., John Wilkes 4os., Thomas Smythe 6os., and the Sub-dean or Stone-prebend 66s. 8d.”* We think that only three of these farms can now be identified. If reference is made to the last volume of this journal, there will be found two illustrations of the stone prebend house. In the second illustration, at the left-hand side, there is in the dis- tance a sketch of a second of the three, and the illustrations which accompany this notice are of the third. We will take this latter first. It is known by the name of the Manor Farm, and * Chron. All Saints’, p. 12. PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. 171 has passed out of the possession of the Corporation and now belongs to Mr. Dicken. We judge that the present house is partly of Queen Elizabeth’s reign; some portions being of an earlier date and others later. The drawings show this plainly, especially the addition to the right in the front view, where the Manor Farm, LITTLE CHESTER—FRONT VIEW. joining on of a newer part is shown, the older part leaning slightly forward, so that a projection runs up from the side of the door to the top. The stone base is most likely part of an older house. This stone base is to be seen only on the other side, or back view, of the house. There has been a stone doorway at the back, corres- ponding to that in the front. The place has evidently, during some part of its history, fallen into decay, and has been repeatedly patched, as seen in the marks of the newer brickwork joined on to the older part. The windows in the wing, which is an addition, and not so old as the front of the house, have formerly had stone work, like those in the front; a new piece has been put in, to- gether with the present window frames of wood. Both the rooms in the wing are good, the lower one being wainscoted round, while the upper room has some nice old Dutch tiles round 172 PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. the fireplace in good preservation, mostly fancy subjects in a pink colour, with one or two blue ones representing Scripture incidents. At the top of all is a curious room in the roof open to the rafters. There is an improbable legend that this was used asa place of confinement by the monks ; but it is not old enough. Ina small bedroom, the beam which supports the floor above is a rough tree trunk of the rudest workmanship, while in other rooms the beams are very nicely moulded and correspond exactly with others in the Manor FARM—BACK VIEW. house, shown in the distance in the drawing in Vol. XI., so that the date of portions of both these houses are the same. Each of them has a good panelled room, but the oak has been painted, and, unlike the stone prebend, neither have any carving, the nearest approach to anything of the kind is in the Manor Farm house, where there is a nicely moulded oak door to a cupboard in the wall of a passage, of which we show here a portion (Fig. 1) with a curious old iron hinge. In the roof of the other part of this house, where the chimney- stack rises through the roof, there are remains of stone coffering which appear to have at some time or other been part of a flat —- Wye Dy 5 ’ ete edin pO ae av) FA ptep oa PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. 173 roof, so that probably this house had once a balustrade round the top, before the present tiled roof was raised. ‘There is still to be seen at the angle of a wall in the yard the base stone of an old cor- ner pinnacle—with the pinnacle itself broken off. The unfinished state of the back angle shows it was for a corner, not for a gable. We suppose the roof had become leaky, and that this was the only means of remedying it. The roof was covered with a floor of plaster formed into coffers or divisions by moulded stones, if these Ww) i IN = = 6 SS5=5 cd =: == = SSS Sa aE pS ie le =: eS = ~ \ remain in their original positions. We can judge of the length of time that this flat roof has existed by the great accumu- lation of sand and hay which have been blown through the tiling for centuries past. There cannot be much less than a cartload of this rubbish, which has thus slowly accumulated by the persistent draughts always blowing through the old tiled roof. We will now descend into the cellar, which is the most curious feature in this old prebendal house. It speaks to us of times long before prebends ever existed, when Christianity had made very little progress in this part of our island, for there seems little reason to doubt that in this cellar we look upon the remains of some old Roman building. . The cellar is about 12 ft. 6 in. by 14 ft.; the walls, of old work, are about 4 ft. high, upon which the Flac brick foundations are laid. This construction of the 174 PREBENDAL HOUSES At LITTLE CHESTER. Roman part is of the work called opus incertum or antiqguum, and consists of a kind of rubble or concrete (Fig. 2) made up of almost anything in the shape of stone, laid together with little or no order at all, broken stones, boulders, pebbles and gravel, flooded with mortar. These two small sketches will explain this better than any description. It will be noticed that there are besides some very large stones (Fig. 3) measuring from 3 ft. 5 in. by 1 ft. 14 in. up to 4 ft. roin. by 1 ft. 6in.; some of them are shown in one of these sketches near the modern steps by which access is gained to the cellar. This walling, we take it, is another kind of building, in which the stones are laid entirely lengthwise, to which the French have attached the term grand appareil. Whether this large work is in its original posi- tion we are unable to say, as there are stones quite as large in the other corner of the apartment, placed on and partially surrounded by the concrete work. We do not feel ourselves competent to speak with any authority on Roman buildings, but having com- 7 , : PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. 175 pared the drawings with others to which we have access, we think there is no doubt about the Roman origin of the walls, and we are confirmed in this opinion by Dr. Cox, who has recently examined them. Whether this can be one of the ‘ vaults” men- tioned by Dr. Stukeley, we are unable to assert ; but it appears to be the same house of which he states that “ Mr. Ford’s cellar is built on a side of the wall, which is three yards thick.” The east wall of this house, now Mr. Dickens’, does rest on the part shown in Fig. 2. It will be seen, however, that all the walls of the cellar are partly of concrete, so that it must have been a room of some kind. Dr. Stukeley says the station, as traced by him in 1721, was square, and that he saw some vaults along the side of the wall.* That a Roman residence of importance stood on this site is certain, from the fragments of very choice pottery dis- covered in 1888 during the excavation of the ground necessary in building a grains tank, and which were in possession of Mr. J. Keys.t A great number of coins have been found at different times, ranging in date between the years a.D. 14 to 318, and when the Great Northern Railway, or one of the roads in Strutt’s Park was made, we saw several brass coins in possession of a man, and on questioning him, were told that a man had found a lot in a pot which also contained a parchment on which was writing. <‘‘ But yer know, sir, it wer that kind er riting nobory on earth cud read so hey chucked it i't fire an’ burnt it!” The coins he had were filed quite bright, so that nothing could be made out. Doubtless a good many things of value to the antiquary have in like manner been ‘‘chucked,” but there is much yet that would reward intelligent search.t If the Manor Farm stands on the site or near to a temple, as Dr. Stukeley conjectured, that may * Pilkington, Vol. II., pp. 199 and 200. + See Vols. X. and XI., pp. 159 and 81, of this Journal, in which notices appear of pottery, &c., found by Messrs. S. Haslam and Keys. Some of these fragments are of the finest quality and design. + See Volume VII., pp. 76-7, for an interesting account of Finds by the _ late Rev. S. B. Brasher, in the vicarage garden ; one of the walls must have been nearly parallel with it, but some distance further north according to Stukeley’s plan. 176 PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. f account for finding the choice bits of pottery in the dust hole, and besides, here is (Fig. 4) a sketch of a stone now in the yard, which looks like part of a Roman altar. Two iron loops have been fastened into it, and it has been used by a wheelwright for turning his wheels, or some such purpose. Since the above was written Messrs. C. Roach Smith and J. sin Oe \ - BS ‘ er = i a: ae da | ~ ee eS — Salil \; . t y 4 a ) i uM) Cn Sys bog SY ty 9 anes Fe = i iat ft Gite ee) 1, Py Sot eos } Le BUIAY, i, » t | sy Satis erence to, ate flict ui MH) HAS Maly Collingwood Bruce have been communicated with as to the probable Roman origin of this stone, and they, though not thinking it a Roman altar, still think it may be Roman. Others who have seen the drawing believe it to be certainly Roman. It has, then, probably been one of the large stones placed at the angle of the wall. There seems, however, to be no doubt among these authorities that the stones by the steps (Fig. 3) are undoubtedly Roman, and that they are a part of the city walls. This is borne out by Stukeley’s plan, which indicates that there would be a gate just there, and this would account for the large stone mentioned above (Fig. 4). We will now leave the Manor Farm for the other house. It stands near the river, just opposite the Stone House prebend, of which mention has been made at the commencement of PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER, 177 these remarks. The date of it is the same as some parts of the house we have left, and has on the ground floor a good panelled room; the beams are also of good workmanship, otherwise there is nothing to call for notice until we enter the cellar, which is entirely of stone. It will be observed that the house is mainly of brick, and is of the same date as the Manor Farm. There are, however, a few old stones in a wall of the kitchen or bakehouse, on the garden side towards the river, and a few in the foundation ; but there are no remains of any stone house, such as are in the chimneys of the Stone prebend, across the way. ‘This being so, TAMIL A CELLAR IN FarM Houses, LITTLE CHESTER. we at once ask, how is it there should be a cellar like this of well- cut stones and well paved with stone, all the other part of the house being of brick? It was plainly there before the present house, and has been adapted to it. Probably the cellar had been filled up with rubbish, and was only discovered when the present house was about to be built. It may be the cellar of the old prebendal house, which we think once stood here. We must now refer to the sketch of the cellar. The stone 12 178 PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. walls, in which are a number of recesses, are the old part; the bricks are much more recent. Those seen on the left have been put there to support the present wooden floor, a row of stone being gone from this inner side. But on going outside, the other course of stone rises above the pavement and shows that the walls are of two courses in thickness. The side of the cellar not seen, and which would be at the back of the spectator, is all of brick, except the stones round the window lights. They are of old work, and appear once to have been in some part of a house; they do not belong to the present cellar. The light at the right hand corner is blocked up, and the wall inside shows nothing of it. Crossing the corner obliquely are seen the under sides of two stone steps and an old oak beam, formerly the threshold of a door, which some time or other must have entered a room above the cellar ; but not the slightest evidence is found in the present walls above of any such doorway, so that it must have formed a part of some previous house. Attention also may be drawn to an old corbel seen between the recesses on the left. Whether that is its original position is doubtful, as there is no other on the opposite wall to correspond with it, and the piece of stone placed upon it has made it come in as a support for the floor beam of the present floor. It is, however, the recesses, of which there are eight, of varying size, which excite the most curiosity ; what are they for? To hold bottles of wine has been suggested, but if so, why should they vary in width so much; beginning from the left hand, the nearest is 1 ft. by 1 ft. 34 in., next g in. same height, the next 1 ft. 6 in., the remainder are all 1 ft. 6 in. wide, the height varying from 1 ft. 4 in. to 1 ft. 6 in., in depth these are 8 in, the others differing from 4 in. to 1 ft. in depth. Now as an ordinary wine bottle is about 1 ft. high by 3 in. broad, the recesses would hold on an average 12 bottles, but if this was their use, it seems odd they should not be of an uniform size and depth. We do not suppose the occupants of these old prebendal farms were abstainers, still their incomes would scarcely admit of many luxuries ; but they might of course supplement their income by the manufacture of a liqueur, z.e., stomachic. We think, how- PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. 179 ever, this conjecture must be abandoned as being too hazardous. Then what can the place have been made for? Is there any known instance of such a constructed medieval wine cellar? It must be of that age judging from the diagonal chiselling of some of the stones ; though some of the large stones about the alcove appear much older and may be of Roman origin, and the thought suggests itself, could this have been the burial place of the chief man of the city? and are these niches in the walls co/umbaria, in which were deposited the cinerary urns? In Adams’ ‘‘ Roman Antiquities ”* there is an engraving of a columbarium discovered in Pompeii, known as the tomb of Noevoleia. It is a square, vaulted chamber, above ground; it has a solid bench round it, on which urns were placed, and also arched recesses in it for the same purpose, and above, all round the walls, are similar niches to those in the cellar under notice, also containing urns. There are no benches in this cellar, but there are indications of another row of niches having had a place above those now.seen, part of one remaining just in the corner coming down the steps. The stone walls have been higher than they are now, several courses of stone being gone ; so that if this cellar has ever been a com- plete and separate building, the roof would be some feet above the ground, and it may have been vaulted, according to Stukeley’s plan of Roman Little Chester, of which an enlarged copy has been lent us by Mr. Keys. This building was within the walls at the side of the road now called Old Chester Road, which runs through the centre of the city down to the edge of the river Derwent, so that it would be quite close to the west wall. The burning and burying of the dead was prohibited in Roman cities, and so far no interments that can fairly be called Roman have been found in Little Chester. Probably in such a case as this they would not make any objection to a receptacle for urns, especially since, though burials were forbidden in cities, no objec- tion was made to a street of tombs coming up quite close to the walls. This was so with the Via Latina and the Via Appia, * Adams’ *‘ Roman Antiquities,” p. 420. 180 PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER, streets lined with tombs close up to Rome.* We have not, how- ever, sufficient data to warrant us in affirming that this cellar is of Roman origin. There seems, at any rate, no reason to doubt that it is one of the vaults spoken of by Dr. Stukeley, but its purpose remains a mystery. We may mention here that the best living Roman authorities have been consulted, and they conclude, judging only from the sketch, that the cellar is a post Roman work. Here we are con- tent to leave it, in the hope that it may be eventually examined by some more competent judges, and a definite conclusion arrived at. Our intention has been to recover some small fragments of the remains of these prebendal houses, and these traces of Roman occupation have come in our way in the course of the necessary ' investigations, and we shall only be too glad if they preserve some, until now, forgotten fragments of local history. We have tried to verify some of the houses now remaining at Little Chester with Dr. Stukeley’s plan. We find those of which we have written here, but they have been a good deal altered since his plan was made—mostly by additions to them—showing that the prebendal houses consisted of the oldest existing parts, and that the newer parts are of the latter end of George I.’s reign, or about 160 years ago. Stukeley’s plan of Chester is of the highest interest now, showing, as it does, how much has been obliterated that was traceable in his time. In fact it is now the only existing record of what has now entirely passed away, except the small portions we have been able to trace in the cellars of these two old houses, and doubtless these in a few more years will be cleared out to make room for somebody to make some “almighty” money. Nobody cares now-a-days for aught else. ‘‘ Will it fetch any money?” said a man to us, respecting one of these old stones; he could see nothing in it any further. That is the rule; he was no exception to it. Stukeley says the cas/rum was 500 ft. by 600 ft., or about seven acres. Who could say that now? But * «« Hand-book of Archeology,” by H. M. Westropp, p. 114. PREBENDAL HOUSES AT LITTLE CHESTER. 181 for him, all that we know through his instrumentality, would long have passed into the limbo of the utterly forgotten. In conclud- ing this our last paper on prebendal houses, we cannot do less than express our feeling of thankfulness to those who have rendered us assistance in bringing together these scattered frag- ments-of their history, and especially to those occupants of these farm-houses who have shown the utmost courtesy and permitted us to rummage them from cellar to cockloft without ever in any Way expressing annoyance, though we have often felt ourselves a thorough nuisance and sometimes a hindrance to them in their household duties. So we make this acknowledgment with the greatest pleasure. 182 The Ovigin of Derbyshire Scenery, By GEORGE FLETCHER. WJHE surface-conformation of Derbyshire exhibits in a remarkable degree the close relationship which subsists between the physical .structure of rock- masses and the effects of sub-aerial denudation. There are comparatively few people at the present day, although in recent years their number was legion, who’ believe that the surface of the earth has remained much. the same from the beginning of time. ‘The “everlasting hills” are eternal only in the sense that the materials of which they are composed are indestructible. Their shapes are as changeful as those of the summer cloud,— “« All the forms are fugitive, But the substances survive.” Minute observation of the effects of the weather on rocks, as well as determinations of the amount of material carried out to sea annually by rivers, have shown that the surface is gradually being worn down by various agents, chief among which must be included water in its different forms. The most superficial observer will have noticed that the softer rocks are worn down most rapidly; but the fact is scarcely recognised as the cause of the different varieties of scenery met with in Britain. ‘The softer rocks of our southern counties give rise to a gently undulating surface, while the harder and older rocks of Wales, the lakes, and the highlands give rise to their characteristic rugged scenery ; and where, as in Derbyshire, we get a series of strata exposed at the surface, widely differing in hardness, the effects of this difference upon the contour of the THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. 183 gnesian Limestone (Permian), overlaid by 4. Coal Measures. 5. Escarpment of Ma New Red Sandstone. 6. 3. Terraced Escarpments of hard Millstone Grit. 1. Carboniferous Limestone. 2. Yoredale Shales. Fig. 1. surface may be conveniently studied. It may not be out of place here to briefly mention the chief kinds of rock met with in Derbyshire. First must be mentioned the mountain lime- stone, which forms a broad anticlinal curve, the axis of which runs north and south. Fig. 1 isa section across Derbyshire from west to east, and shows this anticlinal. Overlying the limestone are certain shales and grits known as the Yore- dale rocks; and above these lie a group of grits and shales, constituting the millstone grit formation. Over large areas the Yoredale and millstone grit have been completely removed by various denuding agencies, and the limestone thus brought to the surface. It is flanked east and west by the millstone grit, coal measures, and newer formations. The limestone differs very markedly as regards hardness in different localities, and ‘‘ weathers” ina very characteristic manner, presenting bold turreted cliffs and tors. The millstone grit also produces striking scenery, although of a different type. This is especially the case where it is associated with softer rocks such as the Yoredale shales. Thus we find the hard millstone grit capping hills, while the softer Yoredale shales frequently form the valleys. Fig. 2 is from a skétch made of the district near Ashover, in which this is well seen. Fig. 3 is a section across this district, showing the dip on either side of the anticlinal, along the ridge of which the Amber has cut its channel. It will be seen how well the grit withstands the action of the weather, while the shales are removed. There are many similar examples in Derbyshire, but space forbids their citation. The modus operandi of valley formation is peculiarly 184 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. Fig. eae Saez Ks porer L. Lowen gra Gat 2. Yoredale B. Garbomferous Limestone interesting and instructive ; and in many places our Derbyshire valleys afford characteristic examples of limestone erosion. The minute structure of the rocks and inequalities in hardness give rise to peculiarities in the weathering of such rocks, which are L. Mougtein Linertene with Tosdaloye 2. Yoredale Rocke B. Lower Millstone Grit 4%. Shales ana Upper Grit F. Coat Mestiree (¢ Fant most interesting, but which it is not within the province of this paper to discuss. We must, however, take into account the influence which the divisional planes of the rock possess in inducing the disintegrating agents to work along certain lines. These divisional planes are of two kinds, (a) planes of stratifica- tion, and (4) joints. They can be very easily seen on the face of most cliffs, the planes of stratification giving to the rock a “bedded” character, while the joints appear as more or less vertical cracks. Indeed, the former may be seen in the stones of almost any old building. Old weathered sandstone blocks may be noticed in the walls of St. Peter’s Church, Derby, which ee eS) oe eee ne ot ener eR neni i int ditt ~ — -_ eb ert THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. 185 well show the effects of minor bedding planes. The planes of stratification must be referred to interruptions in the depo- sition of the material which formed the rock, to changes in the nature of this material, and other causes. Joints are crack-like divisional planes, generally crossing the planes of Stratification at a high angle. These are probably partly due to shrinkage caused by the drying of the rocks, and partly to internal stresses and movements. They are present in igneous as well as sedimentary rocks, and the writer dealt with their production in the former, in the Journal for 1887. It is by means of these joints that rocks may be removed in blocks in quarrying, and to them we owe some of the most familiar features of Derbyshire scenery. They generally run in two directions at right angles to each other, and so make it possible, by taking advantage of the planes of stratification to remove the rock in large quadrangular blocks—indeed, the art of quarrying largely consists in taking advantage of these planes of weak cohesion. Sometimes the joints are open, but most frequently they are invisible. They permit entrance, however, to rain water, and this, in virtue of its chemical and mechanical properties soon widens the joint, and renders evident its previous existence. In virtue of the carbonic acid which rain water dissolves from the air and decaying vegetable matter, it possesses the power of dissolving the limestone, while, in freezing, its expansive force acts powerfully as a wedge in breaking up the mass. In Mr. Ward’s article on Rain’s Cave in the Journa/ for 1889, it gives an interest- ing example of the uaderground evasion of limestone. To these and certain other-agencies must be attributed the gradual erosion of the surface, the formation of many of our valleys, and also many local phenomena. ‘Take the case of the landslips which have occurred at Crich. Crich hill, which is somewhat remark- able in form, being of the shape of an elliptical dome, consists of mountain limestone. The western and south-western sides are steep, and below them lie the softer Yoredale shales. The limestone is faulted against the Yoredale strata, and these softer rocks have been worn down and carried away by 186 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. denuding agents more rapidly than the limestone, and hence the steepness of these sides is easily accounted for. On the eastern side the slope is much more gentle. The western side is worked as a limestone quarry. The limestone is massive and thickly-bedded, the upper beds being separated from the lower ones by a band of clay. In working, the upper beds, which are traversed by long open joints running from top to bottom, are first removed down to the clay-band, which forms a kind of floor, the lower beds being then worked. About 1861 a landslip occurred. The upper beds had been worked back for some distance, terminating in a vertical face—the jointing plane— when a large mass of it slipped away, falling upon the upper floor referred to above. Another and more extensive slip will be remembered as occurring about the year 1880, when a house was destroyed. The cause is not difficult to find. The upper beds rest upon a clay floor which slopes towards the quarry. This becomes wet and slippery, and the over-lying masses of limestone, already naturally divided by joints, slip down and topple over. The diagrammatic section, Fig. 4, will explain itself, a represents te ae : \ His | fo 1 =e ay Fi if foy Pe wigl, 4 aa oy MP i ar rar, —— } Tes aa ili a h, Af Hf [At ——— eS ! a AS di = co the clay band. ‘This also serves to illustrate the way in which steep limestone cliffs originate. ‘The older geologists believed that precipices and cliffs had their origin in some convulsion, and their writings bristle with earth-throes and catastrophes. But with added knowledge the true explanation comes, and we now THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. 187 attribute these cliffs to the long continued action of water aided by the joints. These divisional planes, which are frequently vertical, give entrance to water, and the rest is merely a matter of time. Such cliffs as the High Tor at Matlock are excellent examples. Here we see the process referred to going on. The river has cut its channel from a level far higher than that of the tops of any of the neighbouring hills. Let us take a retrospect. When the rocks of the district rose above the level of the sea, the surface of the land would most probably be approximately flat. We may look upon the plateau of Kinder Scout as representing the remains of this surface, although this has no doubt sustained a certain amount of erosion. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic repre- sentation of the plateau, which consists of a coarse quartzose sandstone—Millstone grit. The drawing gives such a view as Fig. 5. Diagram of Kinder Scout. would be obtained from a balloon at a height such that the smaller details would disappear. It is about six miles long by two miles broad, and is covered in many places by a bed of peat about 12 feet in thickness. The strata of which it is formed are approximately flat, forming the centre of a.long, low, anticlinal curve. Upon its surface are many fine examples of sandstone weathering, due in a large degree to the decomposition of the felspar, a constituent of the rock. Soon fallen rain would cut for itself channels in this “ plane of marine erosion,” and the course of these channels would be, in a very large measure, determined by the homogeneity or want of homogeneity of the rock. An obstruction in the form of a harder mass of rock would determine a bend, and this would, as will be explained shortly, determine other bends, and the stream 188 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. would carve for itself a sinuous course, wearing its channel vertically and laterally. The slope which the banks of the river would assume would depend largely upon the natural divisional planes of the rock, and these are well marked and regular in limestone. Take a case where the strata have a gentle ‘‘ dip” as in Fig. 6. Here the running water wears its way most easily along the stratification and jointing planes, and it will readily be seen from the diagram—which represents a section across the river channel—that the tendency will be for the river to attack and encroach upon its eastern bank, undermining and separating the rock in rectangular masses, which become broken up and trans- ported to lower levels—ultimately to.the sea. It will be seen THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. 189 that as the jointing planes are inclined at a high angle to the horizon, the eastern bank will become precipitous, the western bank gentle. In a the river is shallow and broad. In B it has deepened and become narrower, encroaching upon its eastern bank. At c and D the process has continued still further, sand and gravel (alluvium) being left at @ and @/ on its western bank. Many of our Derbyshire valleys well illustrate this. Take only the Matlock Valley at Matlock Bath. Here the course of the river is tortuous. ID Re re ey Sy, hee, Nig se esa - ~~ Tia Lop Fig. 7: Seetot peross THe Deawent Val cee pest —~L LS} a pat NEY AT Matieck Barn Fig. 7 is a section across the valley, and may be compared with Fig. 6 which is an ideal section. The section also exhibits the Superior resisting power of the millstone grit which forms the capping of the hill on which Riber Castle is built. The effect of the joints on scenery is still more plainly seen in the diagrammatic sketch, Fig. 8, where the fissure of the High Tor Cavern is shown. 199 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. The line of this fissure coincides in direction with the face of the High Tor, and has been produced along the plane of joint. The waters of the Derwent assisted by atmospheric agencies have attacked the massive limestone along this plane and has removed the material which once occupied the fissure, and what is now the eastern face of the High Tor Cavern will some day form a precipice similar to the High Tor, the mass of rock between which and the fissure being disintegrated and removed. At the present rate of erosion no fears as to the early removal of this beautiful cliff need be entertained. Having said so much about the influence of these natural planes of the rock on the results of erosion, attention may be called to the step-like appearance of many hills, which is produced by the outcrop of strata in which alternate beds are of differing hardness. This may be seen at and near Ashover, Ravensnest, and Butterlee. Or frequently if the strata do not differ in this respect, the divisional planes will lead to the production of the appearance referred to. Mr. Ward calls my attention to the Harboro’ Rocks as well illustrating this point Now !et the case of a river flowing through a broad alluvial valley be considered. The width of such valleys when compared to the stream, by the action of which they are alleged to have had their origin, is sometimes very astonishing. It need not be so, however, when ‘it is considered that frequently the rivers must have been much wider than at present, and also that sub-aerial denudation is tending constantly to widen the valley by reducing the abruptness of the slopes, removing the material to lower levels to be eventually transported to the sea, the final resting- place of whatever is now raised above its surface. Almost invariably, also, the river-course is extremely sinuous. Derbyshire offers several good instances of such rivers, as, for example, the Wye from Rowsley to Bakewell, the Dove from Rocester to Egginton, and other places. The former example may be taken as typical, and the neighbourhood is well-known. Fig. 9, B, is an enlargement from the Geological Survey Map of the district. It will be seen that the river is very sinuous, and, indeed, THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. IQI the tendency of a river flowing through any flat plain would be to become so. It is not difficult to see how its serpentine course has been produced. A slight weakness in one of its banks permits an encroachment. Gradually a concavity is formed round which the water is swirled, being directed against the opposite bank. This Fig.9 , Siyvovs Counce of Oye belecey Bakewell and Haddon ‘ os A = on Vy Y. Seclion across Chaynel along the line SS’ is accordingly cut back, a similar concavity formed, and the water rushing round this is driven against the opposite bank; thus the action is, as it were, reflected from side to side, and a serpentine course is the result. Alluvium —gravel, sand, and mud— accumulates opposite the concavities and reaches the surface, forming a sloping and sandy bank, while the concavities are steep and frequently undercut, as shown in a. This process may be well seen in small streams at Duffield and elsewhere. Sometimes a river will cut through the neck of land as in B at aor a’, and thus temporarily shortens its course. The old loop forms a lake, which subsequently dries up, and may be readily detected by the ig2 THE ORIGIN OF DERBYSHIRE SCENERY. nature of the vegetation and is frequently indicated by a line of willows. The river course has been referred to as “ serpentine ;” and the geologist, in surveying it from some neighbouring height, sees in it as it glides along a stronger resemblance to a serpent than is conyeyed by its form alone. Its motions are snake-like. The imagination perceiving only the effects of long-continued pro- cesses, becomes oblivious of the immense periods of time necessary for their accomplishment. A millennium becomes an hour, and the river is a living thing, winding hither and thither, ever the same, yet ever changing its form. The sunlight falls across the cliff; it is transformed to the shape it possessed ten thousand years ago, and the work of the cutting-tools of nature is revealed to the vision. And from the effect the mind seeks the cause, and perceives in the shining orb above the source of the energy of watery vapour, falling rain, and rushing torrent. It sees in it the source of the gentle motions of the air, and the mighty tempest, and of the ever-changing outlines of the face of the earth—nay, the sustainer of life and physical beauty. Still further, and the restless mind seeks the final cause, and can find no resting-place but in that beneficent, all-pervading, all-sustaining Power, which, in the beginning, ‘‘created the heavens and the earth.” In conclusion, I desire to express thanks to my friend, Mr. John Ward, for valuable suggestions and information. It has only been possible, in the limits of such an article as this, to ‘ touch the fringe of the subject, and indicate some of the leading facts, but I hope at some fature time to deal with it in a fuller and more detailed manner. rgS Pocket Almanacks at Renishaw. 1671—I1721. By Sir GerorGE SITWELL, Barrt., F.S.A. va UY a new almanack ?’’ was one of the street cries of London in the reign of Queen Anne; and probably there was not a man who could read and write, and could afford the necessary ninepence, who did not furnish himself with one of these quaint little books, bound in brown or red leather, and fastened with silken strings or clasps of brass. From the reign of James the First to, at least, the middle of the eighteenth century, a squire, a merchant, an attorney, or a parson, who stirred from home without his pocket oracle, was as much at sea as a mariner without a compass. If he was of a merry mood, it furnished him with his daily laugh ; if of a super- stitious turn, with alarming prognostications of plague, violence, and signs in the sky; if a bigot, with vehement abuse of Papists and Quakers ; but in any case with a guide to the main roads, a list of the principal fairs, a calendar of university and Jaw terms, a chronological table from the creation of the world, a sketch, in woodcut, of the influence of the planets upon the various members of the human frame, an account of the diet and medicine suitable to the season, and a desperate guess at the weather. Throughout every day of its year of office it was the guide, philosopher, and friend of its owner ; and when the New Year chimes rang out the old almanacks, and rang in the new, it found a long resting-place, with past generations of “ British Merlins,” in some corner of a walnut-wood ‘‘ scrutore,” until such time as executors should sit in 13 “194 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. final judgment upon it, and should consign it either to the flames or to the Muniment Room. However trivial the jottings, however commonplace the facts recorded, nothing could appeal more strongly to the imagination which bridges over the past, than a relic which had thus for a whole year been the sleeping partner in some career great in history or in literature. A little collection of half a dozen pocket almanacks of great men—say, for choice, of Milton, Cromwell, Addison, Pope, Swift, Pepys, and Walton — might, perhaps, have been brought together by any book-collector of the middle of last century, who had been willing to devote a little time and money to the quest. The chance was lost ; and though there is, if I remember right, an almanack in the British Museum library, which contains an account by an eye-witness of the execution of Charles the First, I have never heard of the existence of any other having the least claim to literary or historical interest. In one of the Derbyshire Visitations, the name of Richard Allestree, Astrologer, is entered in the pedigree of the Allestrees of Alvaston ; and an amusing article might be strung together out of the almanacks compiled by a sage, who demonstrated his own wisdom by taking a measure of the folly of his countrymen, and, no doubt, filled his own pockets by filling theirs. Almanacks in general have been written about often and well ; * it is, however, to be regretted that sheet and pocket almanacks have not been treated separately, and that no one has searched the dramatists of the Restoration, in order to discover the particular pocket which custom had devoted to their use, and the occasions on which they were consulted. Out of the various boxes of manuscripts at Renishaw I have collected the following almanacks : Rider’s ‘‘ British Merlin,” 1671, owned by Thomas Kent. Rider’s “ British Merlin,” 1682, George Sitwell. * British Quarterly, vol. xxviii. ; Retrospective Review, vol. xviii. ; Antéquary, N. S., ii. ; Companion to the British Almanack, 29, 46, and 39, 40; Galaxy, vol. xxiii. ; Putnam, vol. iv. ; Gentleman's Magazine Library (Bibliographical notes), 1889, p. 99; Social Life in the Reign of Queen Anne, il., 79. POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 195 Gallen’s ‘‘ Pocket Almanack,” 1687, owned by George Sitwell. Rider’s “ British Merlin,” 1690, i 4 Gallen’s ‘‘ Pocket Almanack,” 1691, ,, - Rider’s “ British Merlin,” 1693, = 45 Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1694, William Sacheverell. Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1698, 3% George Sitwell. Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1699, Re re Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1700, 5 5 Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1704, ‘a i Goldsmith’s Almanack, 1709, 5 55 Rider’s “ British Merlin,’ 1711, 35 i Rider’s ‘‘ British Merlin,” 1713, a i Rider’s “ British Merlin,” 1715, * er Rider’s ‘ British Merlin,” 1720, - 6 Rider’s “ British Merlin,” 1721, 5 a Rider’s “‘ British Merlin,” 1777, aij Francis Sitwell. Of the thirteen earliest, no copies exist in the library of the British Museum, and it is possible that some of them are unique ; but it is not to the printed text that I wish to draw attention. The MS. notes which they contain, though they cannot be said to throw the least glimmer of light on the important events of the time, yet form an interesting record of the trifles which made up the life of a Derbyshire squire at his own home, and during his visits to London; of his arrangements with his neighbours for procuring gazettes and newsletters, his payments to the footpost, the evening post, and Doncaster post, his work as a justice of the peace; of the number of his ‘‘ linens,” and the cost of his wigs, the way in which he rubbed his teeth with salt, polished his shoes with neat’s-foot oil, and blacked them with sizeing and lamp- black, cured his corns, made his coffee, and gave a flavour to his ale. The almanack for 1715 shows that its owner paid a hurried visit to London to buy carabines, carbine belts, buckets, swords, powder flasks, and bullet moulds, and that he supplied himself with a ‘‘ full and Authentick Narrative of the intended Horrid Conspiracy and Invasione.” Most unfortunately the almanack for 1688 is wanting, and I have, therefore, no direct evidence to 196 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. support my belief that George Sitwell was in the secret of the plot hatched at Whittington, three miles from Renishaw, or to prove that he was in communication with his uncle, the William Sacheverell who played such an important part in the Conference about the abdication, and in the Convention of the Revolution. Nor is there much of sporting interest to be found here, beyond the record of a race, run in 1691, between Sir Paul Jenkinson and **Cozen Revell,” and a note, in the same year, which shows that poachers in Foxston Wood knew, even at that time, how to set wires for hares.. The home farm at Renishaw contained, during this period, a hundred acres or more, and the receipts for curing various cattle diseases, though no doubt they can be found else- where, are yet worth printing, as showing what diseases were actually raging at the time. It is hardly necessary to offer any apology for giving the lists of books lent from the Renishaw library, for they have their value as evidence that our old country house libraries were real educational centres, and that they were open to all classes, from the county member down to the groom of a friend. The George Sitwell, to whom fifteen out of these eighteen almanacks belonged, was the eldest son of Francis Sitwell, of Renishaw, by Katherine, daughter of Henry Sacheverell, of Barton and Morley; was born on the 23rd August, 1657, and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. His father was High Sheriff in 1671, and died in the same year; and on the 2oth May, 1680, George Sitwell married Anne, only daughter and heir of Thomas Kent, of Povey, and heir at the same time to her grandfather, Hercules Clay, of Whitecotes, and to her stepmother, Gertrude Eyre, of Haldworth. He was appointed a county magistrate on the 25th April, 1693, and a deputy lieutenant, by the Duke of Devonshire, on the 16th February, 1707, and again on the 22nd July, 1715, and by the Earl of Scarsdale on the 28th December, 1711. I have a portrait of him, supposed to be by Sir Godfrey Kneller, a considerable number of his letters, the notebook which he used as a justice, and a long and most interesting series of his estate accounts, including much of his ep detec Se POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 197 private expenditure. In December, 1697, some two years after his wife’s death, he sold his horses and live stock, let Renishaw for a term of three years to Mr. Sympson, and came on the 7th January, 1698, to reside with his brother, Francis Sitwell, merchant, at his house in Dyer’s Court, Aldermanbury, London. His friends in the country, in accordance with a social usage which I never seen mentioned elsewhere, presented him before parting with half-crowns “to be drunk ” in London with mutual acquaintances. Upon his arrival, he sought out ‘ Cosen Sacheverell’s taylor,” made the customary bargains with barber and laundress, carried out a few small commissions for his friends, bought some lottery tickets, and learnt a receipt for boot polish, which is closely followed by “a cure for your corns.” ‘* Wagon’s Coffee House, near the House of Lords,” was probably that to which he attached himself, unless he had already joined ‘‘ Will’s Coffee House, in Fuller’s Rents, Holbourn,” the address to which his letters were directed during iater visits to London. In January of the following year he took lodgings at £2 10s. od. per quarter at Mrs. Pocock’s, in Cursitor’s Alley, and arranged to board with his Aunt Plumptre. On October the 21st, 1703, he took chambers, at the rent of six shillings a week, at Mr. Carlton’s, a barber who, I believe, lived next door to the King’s Arms Tavern, in Basing Hall Street, and here he continued to reside during many of his later visits to London. The mania for lotteries seems to have been in full swing in London in 1698, but they were going out of fashion a year or two afterwards, and the almanacks for 1720 and 1721 seem to indicate by their silence that the wild speculation, which culminated in the South Sea Bubble, had no attractions for the prudent and the well-informed. Country gentlemen in the seventeenth century were educated with a thoroughness which is absolutely unknown amongst their descendants. Francis Sitwell, when only four years and one month old, was sent with Richard ‘Townrow (probably a poor boy of the village) to Mr. Cooke’s day school. Five years later, in 1691, he was being educated at the time-honoured grammar school of Chesterfield, and paid ten pounds yearly to the school- 198 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW, master and his wife for table and school-wage. In June, 1699, Francis came up with his books to Mr. Husseye’s, at the Flower de Luce, in Little Brittaine, London, and studied advanced mathematics and astronomy under Mr. Newton, and in April, 1700, he was admitted into Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. 1682. I have likewise given my Uncle Will. Sitwell a bond for two thousand pounds to secure him till his Annuity be secured to him, with severall other counter bonds upon my Mother’s Accompt. I gave my Mother a bond att my marriage to secure her jointure of two hundred pounds per annum to her. 1682. Paid Mr Bransby for mending my Uncle Plumptres Watch & for a ballance 0 : 5: 0. I have sold my land att Greaseby in Lincolnshire to one Andrew Short of the same towne for one hundred & forty pounds which I have received of him. M¢ : To put my Uncle Sach: in mind of a letter Will: Hayes sent to him. An Accompt of what Land I have unsettled. [The rental is 46 : 05 : 08, and the tenants names are given.] May the 30, 1681 Mt Russell has paid 137 : 05 to Mt Benjamin Hinton a Goldsmith in Lumberd Street by Mr. Hayes his order. An Accompt what moneyes my Uncle Geo: Sitwell hath disbursed for me. ffor Plate & other things 32 : 4: 6 ffor two peices of Diap: 1:4:0 Lent to Doctour Dakins ‘the Polliticks of ffrance,’ Doctour Tillitson’s sermons. To my Aunt Sach. my L4 Rogister life, & sermons. March the 15th 81 [1682]. Lent them to my Mother one play called ‘Romes follies.’ Lent to Mt Ogden Cottons ‘ Wonders of the Peake.’ Moneys p? to severall persons by Mr. Saxton of Rotherham, which was due to us. Receipts, 1682. The Rents of my housess att Gainsbrough are as followeth : Edward Waine- wright payeth me 108 short per annum of his old Rent, w® I allow him for lookeing to the other housess, & for gatherin my rent. [The rental 15 : 14 : o] Books oweing for to Mr. Cadwell as followeth: ffor the Duke of Epernoone life: ffor Barellas Hist.; ffor Hunts Postcript ; Six Metaphisicall Med: of Dessartes in one book; ffor one writeing book of my wifes containeing one quire of paper ; ffor a Rheam of paper. M¢: October y® 23%, 1682, was the first day we came to table att my POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 199 brother Allestree’s house in Alverston. [Several payments to ‘ my wife’ are recorded, including one ‘‘in part of her allowance.”] ‘An Accompt of one yeares expence begun the 23 day of Sept. 1682.’ [From this date to the 11th Jan., 1682-3, there are nineteen entries of money put into my Pockett,” amounting altogether to 20 : 1 ;: 4 also] By money p* Richard Burton for grass for two horsess this last Summer Zak °: 0: By money p? Doctour Dakins, Octo : 24, for one quarter’s table 11 : 14: O. By p? Doctour Dakins for ffeese 2 : 0 : o. Dec. 29. By money p? M* Cadwell for books 320) 510; My son ffrancis was borne the 27th day of Aprill, being Thursday, about two of the clock in the Afternoone, in the yeare of our L4 1682, 1683. My son Henry was borne the 10* of ffeb :, being Sunday, about 3 of the clock in the afternoone; he lived to be Xned but dyed within halfe a quarter of an houer after. [These two entries are repeated in the Almanacks for 1682 and 1704. ] [It appears by this Almanac that Mr. Sitwell visited Derby early in 1682 and Lincoln in April. He was at Caistor on the roth May, and at Gains- borough, staying ‘att my usuall Inn,’ on July the 4th, August the 23rd, and February the 15th of the following year. Some of these journeys were probably made in order to look after the iron works then leased to his uncle George Sitwell, the elder, I find that William Sacheverell, M.P., was acting as partner with his sister Mrs. Katherine Sitwell in the iron trade, and that iron was being sold to Mr. Robert Cole, Mr. Rogers, George Guest, Thomas Harding, Mr. Trubshaw, and Mr. Briersly, all of whom resided at Birming- ham. Thomas Starky was Mr. Sitwell’s land agent. ] 16877. Bookes Lent as followeth : To Mr ffells of Rotheram ‘ A discourse against Transub :.’ Lent to Mt God... Gardiner ‘the Answer to the Popish queryes.’ To MF Letherland the Bishop of Lincolnes booke against the Papists. To M* John Wigfall Cowley’s Works. To brother Will : Sitwell the 15, 23, & 3a parts of Cook’s Institutes. [This entry repeated in 1690 and 1691. ] Lent to M* Burdin ‘ Oates his Tryall.’ Lent to Brother Williame the ‘reply to the Amicable Accomedacione.’ Lent to Cosen Samuell Gardiner Slater’s ‘ Reasons for his Turneing to the Papists.’ Lent to Cozen John Revell Cambdens remaines, April 21st [16] 87. Sep™ y® 13%, lent then to Cozen Samuell Gard: the 15 part of Doctor Parker ‘ Religione & Royalty.’ 200 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. My Son ffrancis & Richard Townrow went to schoole to M' Cooke the 16th day of June 1686. ‘ M? : January the 17, 86 [1687] pa them to M¥ Cooke the sum of 155 & 2 : 6 for entering money for ffranck & Richard Townrow, which was due the 16" of Decemb. last past for Schooleing. - August the 5 $7, p¢ then to M* Cooke in full for schooleing 15 A Receipt for the Murrin. Take A Pint of Sallid Oyle, one quart of Tarr, 2 spoonefulls of Vinigar of Sage, Mint, Rue, Bludwert, Bearesfoot, Murrin weed, of each one handfull. Bruise all these together & mix them with the Tarr & Oyle &c : A Receipt for the strang wayes in my Almanack for the year 1686. The first News letter & Gazett that I had from M* Gissop was upon the 19 day July 1687. [On August the 3rd, 1687, M* Sitwell paid 4 — 5 —o for 45% roods of ‘waleing stone.’ Perhaps this was for the new orchard mentioned in 1693]. Ashes set out to sell as followeth. [The total—208.] Old Corne in the Corne Chambers as followeth : Oats OF So Blendcorne 0:9: 1 Barely (Ciins azote Wheat (Chedue! LAR Ce Pease Of On sE2 My doughter Elizabeth was borne the 11** day of March, 1684, being Wed- sonday, about 2 of the clock in the afternoone. My Son George was borne the 18 day of May, being Tuseday, in 1686, about halfe an hower past fowre a clock in the morneing. My Woughter Alice was borne the 5'* day of Sept: 1687, betwixt 11 & 12 A Clock in the fforenoone. [These entries repeated in 1704. Entries of the birth of Francis and Henry Sitwell are repeated from the Almanac of 1682. ] Xbr y& rot, 1687. 2 Reé. then of Geo: Sittwell Esq ye sum of one pound, Eight shillings, five pence, in full for Gazetts and newes letters to this day. I say received by me Edw: Jessope M¢ p% more to M® Jessop in full for Gazette & Newes letters had after- wards 0: 1: 5. 1690. Books lent as followeth : M? I owe Mr Jessope of Chesterfield for Néws letters & gazetts from the 27‘ of March, 1689, all but for 2 Gazetts w°® he did not send me. M? Lent to my Mother the 2% part of the Theory of Earth [repeated 1691.] Lent to Brother Will: the Bishop of Hereford’s answer to Burnett. — . | | | POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 201 Lent to M Woolehouse Chillingworth’s Booke. [Repeated 1691.] ffeb: the 7‘ 1689 [1690]. Received then of M* Geo: Sitwell of Renishaw eightene shillings, which with thirty & five pounds received before, & four pounds one shilling and ten pence p? for him p Wright the Carrier, & ten pounds allowed for halfe a years Table, is in full for halfe a years Anuity due to me at Martilmass last past William Sitwell. (William Wing’s receipt for £7 for mault and maulting, and 2 : 12 : o in addition. ] ffeb. the 224, 1689 [1690]. Sold then to Mt John Jermin 37 oacks in Atkins ground of Killamarsh, for which he is to pay me upon May-day next 9 : 0: o. July the 12th, 1690. Receiv’d then of my Nephew M* Geo: Sitwell thirteene pounds ' seaventeene shilling & 6 pence, which, with 26 receiv’d before, & ten pounds allowed for halfe a years Table, is in full for the last halfe a years Anuity of 50 due to me att Whitsuday last past. I say received by me William Sitwell In the late Taxs granted to their Majestys of 1,651,702 : 18 : 0 this County of Derby is taxed att 1,724 : 16 : 8 p month for 12 months, which comes to 20,698 : 0:0. 51:14: 103 of A Trained Souldier comes to 20,697 : 18 : 4, so that the said 5t : 14 : 10% ob. is short of the whole sum charged upon the County 0: 1:8. The County is charged with 400 trained Souldiers. Eckington pays to all Session warranis for 5 24. M? January the 12't, 1690, I gave my Uncle Sacheverell A* bond for 173'> att 4!> p cent. 1691. [A loose receipt in the book. ] Aprill ye 18th, 1691. Rec? then of George Sitwell Esq! by the hands of W™ Hattersley, in full for one halfe years Table & Schoolwage for M" ffrancis Sitwell, due & ended y° 7" day of this Instant Aprill, and in full of all other accS for ye use of Mr W™ ffoxlowe,* the summe of five pounds I say received by me Grace ffoxlowe M¢ : the 14 day of ffeb: to meet Mr Sherrifs man att Dodsons in Chester- field. M? The Royall aid comes to in Derbyshire 862 : 8 ; 4. * Pegge refers toa Master of the Grammar School of Chesterfield named Foxlowe.—[Yeatman’s ‘‘ Derbyshire,” II., III., 252] Dr. T. B. Pearson wrote a small history of this school. See also Nicols’ « Literary Anecdotes of the 18th Century,” III., 109. 202 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW, M¢ That I have received 3 Guinys & one shilling of Cozen Revell ffor Cozen G. Coply, 0 : 2 : 6 of which is to be drunk. I have likewise one Guiny of St Paul Jenkinson & one shilling of Cozen Revell in earnest of 5 to be run for betwixt them two upon the 23% day of Aprill next 3 miles or fforfeit. Books lent as followeth : Lent to M® Revell Doctor Cudworth’s ‘ Systim of Atheism.’ To Mr Jackson M* Roden’s ‘ funerall of the Mass.’ June the 24, 1691. Lent then to Isaack Fentham, junior, Shepheud? s, ‘duty of A Constable, Tything man, &c.’ To Brother Will: ‘ Travells into Italy by A ffrench man.’ Books lent as ffolloweth : To Brother Williame the Bishop of Hereford’s ‘ Answer to Burnett.’ January the 26, Lent then to Samuell Gard: the 1st part of Burnett’s ‘ Theory of the Earth.’ Aprill the 24 Lent Mr Ellison of Sheffield Doctour Burnett’s reply to... . Eckington Parish pays to all Kings Taxess for 6%, which att 51 : 14 : 10} 00. comes to 319 : 2: 5% 0b. Lent to St Paul Jenkinson 3 Pamphletts concerneing Doctour Sherlock’s case of Allegience. January the 26', Received then of Cozen Samuell Gard: ffor Brother Henry to pay him for 6 of Tobacco 0 : 12 : 6, M¢ My Brother Henry is to allow me ffor Betty & Katherine Allestrees charges to, London o : 18 : o. ffeb: the 224, 1690 [1691]. P¢ then to M's Alice my Brother’s maid ffor one peice of callicho - > > - TE AE ffor one Tippet - Eel Ole tats) 10) ffor 2 handKircheff : = 108, BSpyare Les tly LG) One paire of Sleive Buttons ffor Cozen Watkinson 0: 1:0 One pare for Uncle Will : - : P 3G March the 17*, 1690 [1691]. Robert Barrow tells me that about the middle of ffeb he saw Godfrey Webster, allias Ball, & John Webster sett wiers for Hares in ffoxston wood. The names of the subscribers ffor the Shreffelty. (Here follow 40 names, including that of George Sitwell.) William Crooks, of Bolehill, Labourer, comes from Dodworth, in Silkston Parish, near Blackborne . . . he hath promised to leave the Parish & goe to Dodworth betwixt this & the 18 of Septemb next. M4 The‘ Taxs in R. W. R. was of 400,000, which in Doncaster came to 49 p Ib for houses. ° i ae POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 203 Ms Hunt stopped for Taxes in her Lammas rent1 : 0: 0. The"Taxs att 44 p lb for 22 p Annum comes to 7° : 4, so that she hath overcharged me for this Taxso : 12: 8. The 38 Taxs, as Cozen Coply told [me] att Doncaster for houses was 1 : 6lb: M's Hunt charged me with I : 13 : 0, it comes but to r : 10 : 0, so that she hath overcharged me 0 : 3 : O in this Taxs. M? It is this day agreed by the Parishioners to allow Tho: Booth 3s, which is due ffrom Will: Haslam, which must be taken out of Tho: charge. [This relates to the 3s. tax.J Joseph Robinson run away & left a Child upon the Parish he is att Blith att one widow. ... Cozen Wood for one yeares table of Son ffrancis . . . 8 : 0: 0. 1693. Books : To M* Bassett—Burnet’s ‘ Theory of the Earth,’ Conflagracone, & Warrens books against. . . [On October the roth the writer was at Ogston. ] ffruit Trees against the South Wall in my New Orchard, begiiig att the West End. 1 Apricock. 2 Mory Nectarine. 42 Red Roman Nectarine. 6 Eaton Peach. 7 Newington Peach. June the ro Lent Will Hatt [ersley] to pay Cozen Wood for one yeares table of Son ffrancis 8 : 0: Oo. A Receipt for the blackwater. Take of Spitnall & Gangall of each two pennyworth beaten & chopped small, & put them into A quart of the best cold Ale, & so give it to the Beast : the Beast to be kept fasting 6 hours before it be given, & 2 or 3 houers after- ward, ffor the Redwater. (Paper decayed.) June the 16 1693. Received then of my nephew Geo: Sitwell att that day, & before, with ten pounds allowed him for halfe A years Table, the sum of ffifty pounds Currant money of England in full for halfe A years Annuity, due to me att Martilmass last past witness my hand Wittm Sitwell. [William Sitwell the brother was receiving £5 : 10 for interest for a loan made by him to Geo. Sitwell.] Peeter Glossop, of Chreswell, in the Parish of Whitwell, his Recognzance of ro'> to prosecute Sarah fford, & exhibit A bill of Indictment of felony att the next Generall Quarter Sessions of the Peace against her. 204 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. Nicholass Glossop his recognizance of 5!> to give Evidence against Sarah fford att next Sessions. Sarah fford of Oscroft, in the Parish of Bolsover, Spinster, her Recognizance of 20!, & John fford his Recognizance of to!®, for the said Sarah’s appearance att next Sessions to answer such things, &c. Mary Mason, of Brimington, widow, her Recognizance of 5! to Prosecute Mary Bingham, & to exhibit A bill of indictment of ffelony against her next Assizes. 1698. Subscribers to the 2 millions are in‘numb : 1,253 in y® yeare 1698. January the 8'", 1697 [1698.] A noate of all my Linnens as ffolloweth : 8 Shirts. 8 halfe Shirts. 5 paire of Linnen Drawers. 17 paire of Linnen Slieves. 10 Night Caps. 10 Cravats. 4 Cravat necks. 9g Night necks. 3 handKirchiffs. One old Dyaper Table Cloth. more 4 Cravats now. more 2 Cravats now. Books Lent in 1697 att Renishaw as ffolloweth : To Cozen Samuell Gardiner ‘ Wingate’s Abridgment of the statutes.’ To Mr Jackson of Beighton S' Rodger le Estragne his ‘ Esop ffables.’ To Cozen Watkinson the ‘ Desolaéons of ffrance.’ To M Blakeman of Chesterfield Edwards his book against Deism. To Cozen Sach: The Act about the Quarterly Poll. To Aunt Sitwell the ‘ Present State of Europe from the Treaty of Mzmzguen.’ Money Receivd since I came to London, which was the 7 of January, 97 [1698]. AO) OlseO By Plate = 22516) 6 March 24 - 20.8005 June the 25 - 2052 ONO August the 215' - 20, :).0 3) 0 gber the 11 - BORO) 510 more = = 240) (5.:0 more - - 04 36) 38 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 205 Money p? since the 7'" of January 97 [1698]. ffor Plate sent to my Doughters - - Ob 175519 ffor Books to son ffrancis - - 00)? 1420 ffor Plate for Aunt Sitwell : - 1673 12) 3/6 ffor bookes for my Doughters — - - 00 : 12: 6 ffor fishing Tackle sent son ffrancis - OR Gio ffor a Reame of Paper given M* Jermyn and Wikis - - : OF By beh) PH! ffor a Greek Test for son ffrancis ibe Ono 'e) ffor books for son ffrancis —- : (i 8) BS ffor my Quarterly Pole for the whole year pes 4024s O Money Disburst for Uncle Will: as followeth ffor one bottle of Queen of Hungary Water 2G for one boxs - - - - 7d 4'b Chocholatte - - - 165 15'> of Reasons - - - 4:8 21! of Tobaccho - - CL Geno) May y® 27» pd for A paire of Gloves 280 Porter - OpsOnes ffor A boxs - - - Ont lesr O ffor 2 Cravats - - - Heh PROM E: Taylors bill - - - 9 Hi SO July 178 to Brother ffrancis for Chocholatt and Oranges : - - Or 3 (9) 10 ffor 2 belts - : - OOO sno To Neece Allestree by his eae - Onn 2p 6 ffor 6! of Chocolatte att 3° 64 p Lo for silk sent to Cozen Revell — - - Ores Ih eO Wagon’s Coffee House near the House of Lords. M¢ to buy for Mr Byrom of the Merchants Benson a Goa Stone the 15t oppor- tunity to the value of 20 or 30s, or Pearl. M¢ I have received of Cozen Samuell Gardiner 25 64 to drink with my Brother ffrancis and Andrew Gardiner; and 2 : 6 of Mr John Gisburne to drink with Brother & Mt Woolly. M¢ January the 7‘, 1697 [1698], I came to my Brother ffrancis his house. M¢? January the 13", ; I agreed wtt my Barber to trym me for 7 shillings p Quarter. Aprill the 13‘ [16]98 p? him 7 shillings for first Quarter. July the 13 p? him 75 for the 24 Quarter. Octo: the 15t® pd him then the 3 Quarter 75 64 M? Cozen Sach:’s Taylor lives in Angle Court, in Drury Lane, London: his name Hemsworth, Richard Mossell in Gray’s Inn Passage neare Red Lyon Square att the ffaire Perriwigg Barber. 206 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. A Receipt to Pickle Porke According to the Spanish ffashione. Take a Loine of Porke and cut into Peicess, & then take Vinigar, and water, & one handfull of Triganum, two cods of Long Pepr, 4 or 5 cloves of Garlick, all which put into the Pickle wherin let your Porke lye 3 or 4 dayes, & then Rost it as you have occasione, and eat it with some of the Pickle well boyled & put into the dish with your Porke. Neats foot Oyle the best thing that can be used for Boots or shoose to make them looke well & keepe out.wett. AS eR ee M4 I have 97 : 2 : 32 0f Land in my hands att Renishaw, besides what Mr Sympson hath, which at 13 : 4 p acre alltogether, which is as much as I could lett it for comes to 65! oS of p Annum. June the 21st, 1675, the first stone of St. Pauls Church in London was laid by King Charles the Second. Decemb : the 5", 1698. Receivd then of Mr Geo : Sitwell in full for Lodgings by me, ral teh Ka, Farnham. A list of the Countreys & Touns Restored to the Confederates by the ffrench King as ffolloweth : [A very long list]. [here follow five pages of notes on unusua! Latin words out of some classical author whose works Mr Sitwell was studying.] Decemb : the 26, 1698. Receiv’d then of Mt Geo: Sitwell the summe of 8 shillings in full for one ffortnight’s Lodgings, by me, K. Farnham. A cure for your Corns. Take the greene Leaves of Marygolds, squees them untill you get a quarter of a Pint of juice, then put in one spoonfull of salt, & the juice of two strong Onions, & mix y™ together, & therwith bath your Corns 3 or four tymes each day, & they will grow black & in a ffew dayes tumble out. 1699. The best way to make good drink is to worke the Liquor blood warme. The best way to make Coffee is to let your water boile but very little before you put in the Coffee: after you put in the Coffee boile the water and Coffee together untill the Coffee settle, reserving a spoonefull or two of the water to put to it after you have boiled it, & put it into the pott to clear it the sooner, & let it stand A while att the fire to clear & then drink it: one ounce of Coffee will make a quart. Lent to Mt Browne the schoolmaster of Chesterfield Doc: Cudworths ‘ Intellectuall Systim’ on the 24 of Sept., 1699. [Here follow six pages of notes on Latin words out of some classical author, whose works Mr. Sitwell was reading. ] , POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 207 Bookes Lent to M ffrancis Stringer : The Compleat Atturney. To M* Browne, Schoolemaster, Cudworth’s ‘ Systim of y® Univers.’ To M's Stringer, Bishops Sandersons Sermons, and Miltons Paradise lost, and the first part of Cowlyes Poems, and my wifes two Receipts Bookes. January the 4t", 1698 [1699]. I entered upon my Lodgings att M's Pococks for which I am to pay 2: 10: 0 p Quarter & to give or receive one Month’s warneing before I leave them. January the 1ot, 98 [1699]. I begun to board with Aunt Plumptree. Aprill the 6t* p? to M*s Pocock for the 1° quarter 2 : 10 : oO. Pd to Ms Pocock the 2"4 Quarter, due the 4 of July last, 2: 10:0. January the 21‘t, 1698 [1699]. Agreed then with Ledder my barber to Trim me for 78 p Quarter. Aprill the 224 pd him the rst Quarter. June the 18 pd then to the Barber for 2 months 5°. F.S. at M* Carletons next doe to y® King Arm Taverne in Baseinghall Street. Octob: the 18t", 98. P4 for Cozen Gard: for Castellros Bible, 1:3: 0. for 4 Tickets in y® Land Lottery 1:0:0. March the 9t', 1698 [1699]. P4 then for Uncle Will: for 4 Ticketts in Sydenham s Lottery, E210) 310. ffor 11> of Coffee, ©2133) Gs ffor 30 Ticketts in the 2° lottery, O15 #0: ffor 3 Ticketts in hopefull Adventure, Ole) OF 10: Receiv’d p Will Hatt. p order of Uncle Will. Sitwell, Bas P? of this p 4 Ticketts in Sydenhams Lottery for Eliz: Revell, 1 : ffor 1!> Coffee, - - - = z : = 2 00: flor 30 Ticketis 2°. Lottery .- ..- =) wy = <- O: subscribed for 3 Ticketts in hopefull Adventure, - - 00 : Aprill y® 25 for 8 Ticketts in Sydenhams Lottery, - - 2 ffor 2 Lib of Coffee, - - - - - - - fo) ffor 2!> of Chocalette, - - - - - - - ONE ffor 6! Chocalette, - - - - - - - I ffor 12 Ticketts Land Lottery, - - - - - 3 Aprill the 6, 1699. Received then of M* Geo. Sitwell the summ of ffifty shillings in full for one Quarters Rent for his Lodgings due the 4th day of this instant by me, An: Pocock. Aprill the 25, 8 Ticketts in Sydenhams Lottery for Uncle Will: & Eliz: Revell. Will Sitwell’s numbers : OnpNN OO DAUNW OO ©) fel te) fe) fe} fel el rey (2) I10—829 110—830 110—831 110—832 208 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. Eliz. Revell’s : 110—849 110—850° 110—851 I10—852 M? Upon May day I put in 55: 2° with Aunt Plumptree into Neale’s Lottery. M®¢ to write to Brother ffrancis for 6 of Chocholatte & 1 of Coffee. June the rot, 99, my son ffrancis went first to M‘ Husseyes att the flower de Luce in Little Brittaine. I am to give for his Board, washing, & Lodging, after the rate of 224 p Annum. Elizabeth Hutchinson, landress in Horse Shooe Alley in Greens Court upon the Banck side in Southwich. Son ffrancis Stockwoods Disputaéons left att Doncaster—to enquire att F. Copleys for it. M¢ M® Pocock’s Key, Nailes Ticketts Nomb: 4986 4801 4397 4941 M¢ To enquire of Aunt Plumptree for 2 Keyes, one of the Greene Chamb : doore, wher Cozen John Plumptree lay, the other belonging to the Doore of the Passage out of the Dineing Roome ffor Mrs. Pocock. M¢ That there is A surrender in the Court Rolls by my Grandfather Sitwell to M* Wigfall in 1633 of the Little Rycroft, now in the Possessione of Mr John Wigfall, in wc my Grandfather reserved a way to him and his Heires for ever cross the Close, &c. June the 19", 1699. Receiv’d then of M* Geo Sitwell in full for one Quarter’s Lodging, which will be due the 4‘ of July next two pounds and ten shillings by me, — An: Pocock. by his [Brother ffrancis’] letter Sept: y® 21%, ffor 6'> Chocolatte and 2! of Coffee for Uncle William, 1: 10: 7. M¢ Cozen Revell's Coach House is 18 foot deepe & 15 wide on the Inner side. The Doores each of them Io foot highe & 6 ffoot & halfe wide. His Oven is 23 Inches high & four foot broad to the mouth.* M¢ Novemb: the 268 I Bargained with my Barber by the Quarter att 7° p Quarter. * In the Renishaw estate account, 1704, are entries for payments for taking down and rebuilding one of the ovens. The coachhouse is mentioned in 1698. POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 209 Disbursed for Uncle Will Sitwell as followeth : Novemb : the 30, for 6!» of Chocolatte, 1: 4:0 for 2!> of Coffee, OM 6 ffor 20'> of new Raisins & boxs, 0:7:0 ffor setting his Dimond Ring, OMS ffor 15 Lottery Ticketts, BAe O In the Lotterye called the ffortunes ffavorite, Decemb: the 6, I put in I shilling the being (szc) 10 in Numb: from 32971 to 32980. Decemb: the 88, 99. I Bargained with my Landress to wash me & to mend my stockings & Linnens, for 50° p Annum. from 677501 to 677800 Aunt Plump. To Aunt Sitwell, in 1698, A booke of Playes, most of them Dreydens. August the 21St, 1699. Lent then to Mr ffrancis Stringer A Booke called ‘the Compleat Attorney’ &c. Sept: 2a, Lent to Mr Browne the Schoole Master of Chesterfield . . . . . [Cudworth’s system of the Univers]. [Here follow 25 pages of notes on unusual Latin words from some classical author. ] [In the pocket at the end of the book the following recipe endorsed,] A good Reciept for the Scurvy, Dropsey & to get an Appetite. Take two pounds of Elder berrys picked clean, and a pound of bleu currans picked from the stalk and rubed clean; put all these into a Venison pott and bake them in an oven, then ._. . . . them thorough an Hair Sive and when the Lyquor is cold bottle itt. take two spoonfull of it in any liquid thing when you please. It is good for the Scurvie, Dropsie, and to get an appetite. [In the pocket of this almanac for 1699 was the following bill] Taylor’s bill. ffor buttons for suit & coate - - : - O: ffor silke & Galloone for the suit - - - roy f ffor lining & Pockets for the Cloaths - - - ye ftor lyng for y® wastecoat stay, tape, & ) won Hn 0 Buckram for y® suit - - - = ffor a murning shoulder Knot & hatband_ - - Ons sus0 ffor makeing suit & coate - . - - - QO) 105276 ffor pressing Cloth for briches_ - - - : Se OF 0 Total - - TPG) eta) 1700. Books Lent : Lent to Aunt Sit :, which now Neice Shep: hath, A Booke of Playes, most of them Dreidens. Wingate’s Abridgment to Cozen Gard :. 14 210 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. ‘The compleat Attur:° to M® ffrancis Stringer. Cudworth’s ‘ Systim of y° Univers’ to Mt Browne, Schoolemaster of Chest :. Bishop Sanderson’s Sermons; Milton’s Paradise Lost; the first part of Cowlye’s Poems ; my wife’s two Receipt Books, to M's Sympson. The best way to make good Drink is to make the Liquor blood warme. The best waye in makeing Coffee in my Almanack for 1699. A Receipt how to Pickle Porke after the Spanish fashione in my Almanack for 1698. A Receipt to cure Cornes in my Almanack for 1699. Lent Mr. Eyre Doctor Burnett’s ‘ Expositions of the 39 Articles.’ May the 11, r700, Lent to Mr. Eyre Plutarch lives in five volumes. M? Novemb the 26, 99, I Bargained with my Barber to Trim me for 7° p Quarter. ffeb: the 28° p? him for the 15* Quarter, May the 29tt p¢ him for the 24 Quarter. Uncle Will : Debtor to me for Lottery Tickets sent o 6 ffor 2'> Coffee - : - - Yor Sly ffor 4» Chocholat, 3°: 64 plib - 0:14: 0 Porteridg. - - - - =) Oke, Oucmae I eG April the 4t, ffor 3!» of Coflee - - - =O 2 1Orssno ffor 1b Choc: - - - - 23 (6 PS Oeee Tez cele Debtor to Uncle Will: ffor that I receiv’d of Hornsye Lottery Tickets = - - - = 0°: 364%0 March the 21‘ p¢ then to my Landress for one Quarter’s washing, 0 : 12 : 6. due the 8" of this month. June the 20 p¢ to my Landress for the 2"¢ Quar- ter due the 8" of this Month,o : 12: 6. Sept: the rgtt, p¢ then to my Landress, for the 32 Quarter, due the 8 of this month, 0 : 12 : 6. Decemb ; the 17 p? more to my Landress for the 4* Quarter, due the 8t of this Month, 0 : 12 : 6. M¢ Decemb: the 8t", 1699, I Bargained with my Landress to wash my Linnens and stockings and to mend them for me for 50° p Annum. Will Hattersley Debtor to me for one pounds one halfe of Coffee sent to Cozen Anne Jackson p order of Uncle Will: Sitwell, August y® 29", 1700, 00 : 5: 3 for Carridg of it, 00 : 0: 6. Octob : the 3", ffor 5 pounds of Chocolatte and 3! of Coffee sent to Uncle Will: the Cho: att 3° 6¢p », and Coffee at 3°, and 6¢ Porteridg the whole 1 : 7 : 0. Sa ey |S ee ee a » Bae 7 . POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 211 ffor 3'> of Coffee sent to Uncle William p Wright the Sheffield Carrier Decemb: the 138, 1700, at 35 p'*! 0: 9:0 ffor 6'> of Cho. att 3° 64 p - 2s - = Nak, bes, Porteridge - : - - - - a SOON 2 OMe) 2 f, 3 10%-52 ffrancis Sitwell’s books at M* Hussey’s Z¢ Vide Metamorphosis ffrag- mentum fe¢7i ef Scapulas Lexicon, Close bound Paper books. July the 17, 1700, Lent to Mr. Stringer the 1St part of Wilson's Travells. A Numerical Manuscript of Sydenham’s Lottery, to be seene at the Tobacco Roll in Essex Street in the Strand, with the day it was drawn in and column in the said Lists in order to instruct the ffortunate Adventurers when the same will be p* A ffrenchman Pofv7z , an Upholsterer, is to make up A Cloth bed after the newest ffashione for 25!>: he lives in the Pell Mell neare the Corner of St. James his square. 60 yards of Cloth in A hed. Ib s d S[on] ffrancis to the 28 ffeb:, — - - - - - 485507, 2 0 More - - - - = : = OOF IO. 30 More = - - - - - > DOES ORS Oo. More - - : - - - GOs 4546 More - - - - - - - OATS 250 More - - - - - - : OF 3) OVEL0 More = - = - - = 0 SRO7aGELO More att Camb., & spent goeing thither - - - - 27 OTt G For 6 Handkir:, - - - - - - : = - 0052559) 20 89 : 19 :0 M¢ April the rot, 1700, I admitted my Son ffrancis in Bennett College in Camb., and left 10 - 0 : o Caucione money for him, which is to be repaid when he leaveth the College. I am to pay for A ffether bed for him, and bolsters, & 4 Blanketts att the Quarter’s end—4 : 5: 0. theris likewise one for bed and 9 Chairs yet unp? for. To rub the Teeth with salt two or 3 tymes A week is a sure way to pserve the Teeth white and cleare, and to be freed from the Toothach. July the 17'*, Borrowed of Brother ffrancis, w© be sent to son ffrancis in Camb., 15 :0:0 [ffox brook ffurnace was at this time in the hands of Sympson and Hayford.] June the 19", 1700, sent then to my Son ffrancis, to Camb: by Richard Jones, 10! for his first Quarter, which will be due the 12‘ day of July next : he had of me before 2 : I0: o. 212 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. July the 17t, sent him more p Broth: Francis 15 : 0 : 0. Octob : the 13th, sent him more p Brother Francis 15 : 0 : 0. A good Receipt for the Gripes. Take A good Pott of hot Ale, and put some Brandy to it; drink it oft and keepe warme after it. A good Receipt for the Coz /lone. Take two handfulls of Pollipodium of the Oake, and one handfull of the flower of foxgloves, and boile them together in A quart of water untill halfe be boiled away, and then drink 4 or 5 sponefulls twice a day. Fast 2 houers after it. if this makes you vomit too much leave out the ffoxgloves ; it may doe well without them. As appeares by the bill of Mortallity in London dated the 16" of July, 1700, there were 284 Xned, and 284 buried. In the bill of mortallity dated the 234 of July there were 303 Xned & 294 buried. M¢ Novemb: the 26th, 99. Bargained then with my Barber to Trim me for 75 p Quarter. ffeb : the 28th, p? him forthe 15tQuarter —- - - On eae May the 29", p¢ him for the 24 Quarter —- - - eyo © August the 28th, p4 him for the 34 Quarter - - Ones 7asues Decemb : ye 28, p4 him y® 4** Quarter - - - Oy y/ 5 © Octob ; the 7, Lent then to M* Will: Eyre Evremont’s Essayes in two vol. Sizeing, Lamb black, & Oyle, mixt together for blacking shoose. After you have done upon the shoose, and that its pretty well dryed on, Rub your shoose with an hard brush. [This entry repeated 1704.] [In the pocket of this almanac was a ‘ Postboy’ of 1701.] 1704. ‘The Office and Authority of a justice of Peace,’ by W. N. of Middle Temple, Barrister, printed for Chas. Harper att the flower de L... over against St. Dunstan’s C... in Fleet Street. M® Wilberforce, Coffee man, in Drury Lane, London. Hemsworths bill for uncle Will; Cloaths comes too, 6 : 12: 1. Md? son Geo. goes with his M* to Battersay next Thursday, whose . . is in York place there. June the 24, 1702. ~Lent then to Mr Gerrard the ‘secret history of. the Kings of England.’ Sept: the 224, 1703, Lent then to Uncle Will: Patricks book of Devoéons, the Eighth Editione. Lent to my Mother by Brother William Spencer ‘ ffairy Queen.’ Lent to Cozen Sam : Gardiner the ‘ History of fformosa,’ and the ‘ Tale of a Tub, POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 213 Octob: the 8, Lent then to Cozen Gardiner the 1% volume of Boyle’s Lecture... Geo: Swift’s Deed to Brother William Sitwell beares date the 20‘ of January, 1702; and is for 291": Geo: Newbold, and Richard Marshall Tenants : The lands att Dore. My son Geo: was bound to Mt Jonathan Mathewes the 24 day of October, 1702. M* Mathewes liveth in Savage Garden upon the Tower Hill. M¢ I owe to Sister Sitwell 16 : 2 : 6. M¢ M* Wheeler’s Lease of my Iron Workes bears date the 26th day of August, 1695, to hold the same from the 3% day of June, 1695, for the Terme of 11 years thence next ensueing. August the 26 (1703) p¢ then to Sister Sitwell att Sheffield 09 : 16 : 00, for one yeares interest of 16 : 2 : 6, due in July last past. May the 20', 1704. p? then to my Laundress in full of all Accomp's to this day, 127 : 0. October the 215t, 1703, I came to Lodg att M'* Carlton’s, for which I am to pay him 6% p weeke, and the next day I bargained with him to trim me for 10* p quarter. Novemb : the 1st, 1703 My Laundress begun to wash myne and my son’s Cloaths. ffeb : the 145, p¢ then to my Laundress in full for the first Quarter, due the 7*h instant, I: 5 : 0, and for 2 pairs of Linnen Drawers and makeing, 4 : 94. January the rot®, 1703 [1704] Received then of Mt Geo: Sitwell, the sum of three pounds, four shillings, and sixpence, in full for a wigg, and upon all other Accompts to this day, by me Jo: Feram. January the 22%, 1703 [1704] Received then of M' Geo: Sitwell in full for Chamber rent and Triming to this day, the summ of four pounds & eight shillings : witness my hand, John Carleton. A Receipt for the Rheumatism. Take mustard seed one ounce, put into A quart of white wine, let it infuse 12 hours neare the fire, pour it off cleare, when you drink it take A wine glass night and morneing. After this is out you may put A 2% quart to the same seed. ffeb. the 14", p? to Mr. Hemsworth, ‘laylor, towards my Uncle’s suit, Baus © 0; 25th, p? him towards makeing my Breeches, 0 : Io : oO. 1704. March the 29, p? him more in full, 2 : 4 : 0. May the 11, 1704. P¢ then to Mr. Wilberforce* for 1o!> of Coffee att “ Mr Wilberforce, Coffee man in Drury Lane. 214 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 4: 6p!>, and 4 of Cho: at 3 : 6p’, and boxs and Porter 1 : 6, for Uncle Wall):; 3-<0 26. ffor 2 ounces of Essencess for Uncle Will:, 0 : 3 : 0. May the 11°, 1704, p? then to Mr. Clarke of Clifford’s Inn for Sister Sitwell by her order, 2 : 14 : ©. May the 27*t, 1704, son ffrancis and my selfe came to Cozen Gardiner’s. May the 20%, 1704. Received then of Mt Geo: Sitwell the summ of seaven pounds nine shillings and sixpence, in full for Chamber rent and Trimming, and for a wigg, & upon all Accompts to this day, witness my hand, John Carleton. M@ the whole summ charged upon our Towne this yeare 1704 for Queen’s Taxs is 392 : 1: 8. The 4 bookes comes too 399 : 17 : 0, So there is an overplus w° must be Accompted for by the Collectors to the Parish 7 : 15 : 4 Sept : the 26%, one Person to Staly Bridg sick: the same day 4 Persons to Hartill. 2 Persons more to Hartill. Octo: the 12t", 4 Persons to Hartill. One Person to Sheffield. Octob : the 268, 2 Persons to Hartill. Octob : the 31°t, 1704, one Person to Bradd in the Peak. g>: the 7%, 2 Persons to Staly Bridg. Novemb : the gt, two Persons to Hartill. 9°: the 11‘ one boy to Hartill. g>: the 20%, 4 Persons to Hartill. the 30'", two Persons to Hartill. 24 Decemb:, 1 Person to Hartill. Decemb : the 12", one Person to Hartill. Decemb : the 14t", one Person to Hartill. Decemb : the 224, one Person to Hartill. Decemb : the 28t®, one Person to Hartill. Tho : Cam was baptised the 1o'* day of Decemb :, 1609, and died the 2o0* of Decemb :, 1704. My son ffrancis was borne the 27" day of Aprill, being Thursday, about 2 A clock in the Afternoone, 1682. My son Henry was borne the 1o' day of ffeb:, 1683, being Sunday, about three A clock in the Afternoone ; and dyed presently after he was Xned. My son Geo : was borne the 18> day of May, 1686, being Tuseday, about halfe an hour past 4 of the clock in the morneing. My daughter Elizabeth was borne the 11'* day of March, 1684, being Wedsonday, about 2 of the clock in the Afternoone. My daughter Alice was borne the 5th day of Sept :, 1687, betwixt 11 and 12 A Clock in the fforenoone. My son Tho: was borne the 24 or 3° day of Decemb:, 1688. M4 that Mt Sympson is to pay me 8o! rent for the last years rent of the Iron Workes. ‘ TN POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 215 M¢ Decemb : the 13", 1704, my two Daughters came to Cozen Gardiners. M¢ the 13" of January next Appointed for A Monthly meeting at Chester- field. [In this almanack is a piece of coarse brown blotting paper.] 1709. Bookes Lent as ffolloweth : ffeb : the 19**, 1704 [1705]. Lent to Uncle Will: the Life of Prince Eugin. To Mr. Sympson Willoughbyes Ornithology. Lent to Mr’ Stevenson Stillinfflets . . . icum. To M* Sympson The ‘Tryall of the Regicids’ The History of England in two parts & Langaleryes Memoir. June the 234, Lent then to M* Chantry of Clowne Watsons ‘Clergymans Law.’ June the 29%, Lent then to St John Roads by son ffrancis the 5" Vollum of hackats Roman History. July the 26", 1709, Lent then to Mt Sympson A thick Quarto about the Exchange of money. M? in my son Tho: Quarters bill for Lady-day, 1708, there is 5 : 3:3 charged for Income into his new Chamber, w™ his Tutor writes me will be allowed him all but A fourth part at his leaving y® Colledg. There is likewise in his Quarters bill for Midsummer, 1708, 1 : 7: 0 p? to the joynr. Money p* by me upon my son Geo: Accompt as followeth : P¢ to M™ Mathewes his Mr’, 215:0:0 To Brother ffrancis w‘" he p4¢ him att his goeing to Jamacha, 50:0:0 P¢ him att his goeing to Virginia by Bro: ffrancis, 425:0:0 P¢ him more by Bro: ffrancis for Ensureing his Goods to Virginia, 43 :0:0 Novemb: the 24, 1705. I admitted my son Tho: in Grayes Inn, and the 6% of Novemb: I admitted him in Bennett College in Cambridg under Mr Walter, with whome I left 10: 0: o cauéon money. I bought my son att the same tyme A ffeather bed, bolsters, Curtins, 3 Blankets, A Quilt, w cost 6:5:0. [repeated 1711]. M¢ to make me 6 Shirts will take 22 yards of Holland yard wide. » M¢ It appeares that one John Dronfield, a soldir in Captaine Geo: Collins Troope of Dragoons, in the Right H»norable the Earle of Essex Redgiment of Dragoons, has A discharge from the said troope under the hand of M* Tho: Bickerton’s hand, cornett in the said Troope, dated ffeb: the 17'h, 1707, for w" he pd 53, M? March the 28, I gave Will Hatt: 57 Ginias & 3 Lewis de Ore, & 8" in Silver, to carry to Derby. The Coach goes out of the Kings Arms in Leaden Hall Street on Saturday next about 8 of the Clock morneing : Saturday 30 of Decemb: 17009. 216 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. M¢ 1709. I came to my Lodgings in London att M* Carletons October the 29", being Saturday. Sept: the 30, 1709. I have promised my Daughter Betty to Allow her 20! p Annum to buy her selfe Cloaths, &c., & to pay it her Quarterly, & have this day p% her for the 1t Quarter, 5 :0:0. Octob : the 208, 1709, P4 then Grace White in full of her bill for Shoose, Os TL 7. March the 156, 1708, P¢ then to Grace White for A paire of new Shoose, & A pair of new Slippers, & Shoose mending, for son ffrancis, 0 : 9 : 3. Allowed her for one years Taxes,* 0: 4 : IO. 1690. Att Backwell Sessions betwixt Chesterfield & Brampton, child got att Chesterfield by an Inhabitant there & borne att Brampton, & the ffather & Mother both runing away Brampton ordered to keepe it. Decemb: the 19, 1709. Received then of M' Lun for 18 halfe pound Canisters 9s 0%, & for 11 Quarter pound Canisters att 47 p Canister, 3:8; in the whole 125: 8. Pa then to Mr Lunn ffor } pound of Bohee Tea, 145, & for 4 pound Green Tea, 9%, two Canisters 15, & for one pound of Coffee,6:4, inall - - - - 1I:10:4. for M's Hayford. 2711. The Rent of my Land att Renishaw & Harber lands in my owne hands, 78 : 13 p Annum. October the 168 sent my son Tho: A bill for 10! : 13° towards Michaelmas Quarter, 1711. Pa him more by M* Chantry 5:0:0. » Aprill the 14%, 1711. Lent then to M* Millington Hayford the ‘conduct of the Roman Clergy of ffrance.’ 1711. Aprill the 24%. Lent then to Mr John Ward of Killamarsh Mor- timers ‘ Improvement of Husbandry.’ May the 26, 1711. Lent to Cozen Gardiner Creus ‘ Naturall rareties of the Royall Societie, the church of England and the ‘.. . . thoughts of Mr. Harley.’ ffeb: the 19, 1704. Lent Uncle Will: the ‘life of Prince Eugene.’ To Mr Sympson The ‘Tryall of the Regecides.’ The History of England in two parts Received back the 24 volume. January the 234, r710. Lent to M*s Zewzzts four bound books of Pamphlets, & 3 single ones, the ‘ Character of a low church man,’ 4 ‘ Letters to A North Brittaine,’ ‘The good old cause.’ June the 14%, 1711. Lent then to M's Levints the ‘memorials of ” [szc]. Lent to M* Will: Sympson the 1st Volume of S' Roger Lestrangess ‘ Esop ffables.’ * She was a tenant at Eckington. POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 217 Octob: the 26t%, 1711. Lent to L¢ James Cavendish ‘An Impartiall View of the two late Parliaments.’ Returned. Decemb: the 12‘, 1711. Lent then to Cozen Sympson, A book of misselany Poems. Three playes wrote by Mr’ Steele, bound together. M? I came from London to Mr. Sympsons October the 21%t, 1710. My man Geo: Tomson came to Mt Sympsons ffeb: the 26, 1710. Pa my son Tho: for Lady day Quarter 15!: he has I : 10:0 over, w“ must be deducted next Quarter. April the ot, 1711. I p? my daughter Betty towards her Allowance, due last Lady day Biehl O,.£00 July the 8 0) .20%0 July ye 20% Suet Ov ene Pd for her to MS Jane Sach 2: 10:0 Pd for her to Mt Glover 7 2-16 By Cozen Osborns Man 212 or sO June the 16, 1711. I Received from Mt Lun 2 halfe pounds of Bohee Tea, w I owe him for. f M? to be att Yorke on Tuseday the 21%t day of August, 1711, att the Swan 72 Peeter Gate. M¢ my Daughter Betty went to Derby July the 215t, 1711. July the 31% 1711. Pd? then to Cozen ffrancis Stringer for makeing up two wiggs &c: 2: 5 : 6. M¢ Octob: the 23°, signed two passess ffor the Constable of Whitwell for 6 Persons to be conveyd to Burton upon Trent. M¢ my son ffrancis went to London Octob : the 25", 1711. Octob: the 26%, I had halfe A pound of Green & halfe a pound of Bohee from Mt Lunn by son ffrancis. M?¢ Cozen Wigfall desires that the silver upon the bible be taken of & set upon a Testament and Common prayer, Large Print, & the old one sent back. I : 2: 3 Volums of Sir Will: Temples Letters: his Introductione to the History of England 34 Edi: his memoirs in two bookes: 1 : 2 : 3 part of his miscellanies: his observations of the United Provinces: Rushworths Historicall Collections, Volum the first, beginning the 16 yeare of King James, & ending the 5 of King Charles, Volume the 24 The 24 volume of the 2% part. Volume the 4t, 5th, 6th, & 7%, Straffords Tryall. August the 6, 1711. Signed A pass for James Asley to Sta/ly Bridg. August the 17, 1711. Signed A pass to Sheffield for A woman & two children. 218 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. January the 11‘, 1711. Signed A pass for the Constable of Whitwell to carry one Vagrant to Stally Bridg. 1713. Elizabeth Hutchinson, laundress, in Castle Lane in the Parke, Southwick. Bookes Lent: June the 144, 1711. Lent then to M® Levints the ‘ Memoriall of the Church of England.’ Lent to Son Sach: ‘ Lysis, or the Extravigant Shepherd.’ To M* White the ‘ Constitutione, Discipline, &c, of the Primitive Christians for the first 3 hundred yeares.’ A ‘Scholasticall History of lay baptism.’ Sept: the 29, 1713. Lent then to Cozen Osborne the lives of the Duke of Malborough & Prince Eugene. Lent Mt Drake by son ffrancis one Volume of Acts of Parliament. May the 7, 1713. The ‘Constitutione, Discipline, &c: of the Primitive Church’ Lent Son Sach: hath. June the 1st Lent to Son Sach : the lives of the Duke of Malbrough and Prince Eugene. Remarks upon the tryalls of Edmund ffitzHarris, Stephen Cod/ege, Count Coningsmark, The L4 Russell, Collonell Sidney, Henry Cornish, & Charles Bateman, as allso on the Earl of Shaftsburyes Grand Jury. Printed in 1684 by John Harris, Barrister, of Lincolns Inn. Decemb: the 18th, 1712. Pd? then to my Daughter Sach: in full for board to the 13 of Novemb. last 50!, & for halfe A years Interest for 1000! due the zzt® of Sept. last 25”: in the whole 75. Due to M* Lund for one pound of Bohee Tea with y® Canister, yc os, 10 ffor one !> of Coffee, Ome 240 ffor one pound more of Bohee, Lay Sus 6 ffor 1!> of Green, 0): 19):40 Aprill the 14", 1713. ffor one pound of Bohee Tea, Ly Shp ffor 1 pound of Coffee, OF: 16.4510 eNO yesrO P4 by Son Geo: 1713. P4 then to Mt Waller, my son Tho: Tutor, by my son Geo., 13:9: 3. M¢ my Daughter Betty went from Barton to Alvaston June the ro, 1713. My Son Tho: went to Camb. June y® 26th, 1713. He was absent with Geo: Tomson one whole weeke some time before att Renishaw. POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 219 Return’d from M's Wigfalls March the 11th, 1712, I & my man was absent one week in Aprill. Octob: the 27%, 1712. Due to M® Parsons for 12! of Tobacco & boxs, 60: 18:26; Pe To Nephew Shep. for 6 Gall: of Clarett, o2:0:0 3 Gallons white, OL £,0"2-0 Quarts & Pint Bot: 00 :6:6 Hamper & Cord OO. 4.2) 63 3: 8:9 1712, M¢ My Daughter Betty went to Alvaston Novemb: the 14", & returned Decembr the 15'', M? I & my man came ffrom Barton January the 21%, & came to M* Sympsons January the 24", to M's Wigfalls ffeb : the 8, June the 6, 1713. Due to M* Lund for one pound of Bohee Tea & Canister, (Ohi Ne for 3!» Green Tea & Canister, 00/39) 5 6 ffor one pound Coffee, COMB si PAB oh) August the 11, 1713. Due to Mt Lund for the same quantity as above, eiO 12,2: Octob: the 222 Due to M" Lund for one pound of Bohee Tea, 1 : 5 : o for halfe pound of Green, of: 9 36 resol ils Ce January the 28, 1713. Due to M* Lund for one pound of Bohee Tea, and half A pound of Green Tea, wt 64 p? for Carrige, I : 15 : 0. Pd by Bart: ffretwell. July the 245, 1713. Pd? then to my Daughter Sach: in full for board &c: to the 13 of May last past 33 : IO : Oo. M4 August the 13, being Thursday, about 6 of the Clock in the Afternoone my Daughter Sach: was delivered of her son Henry. On Thursday ffollowing, being the 20° of August, she departed this life, & was buried in Barton Church on Sunday the 23% of August. M¢ My Daughter Betty went from Barton on Wedsonday Decemb: the 2d, & returnd again on Sunday Decemb: the 20°. She spent likewise one whole week at Lockington. ffeb: the 5t* she went to Alvaston, & returned to Barton ffeb: y® 20t%. March the 8 she went to London. In Dyers Letter, March y® 21%, 1712. On Sunday the 8 Instant, being the Aniversary of her Majestyes comeing to the Crowne, A warme Doctour att the East End of this City in his Sermon thanked God for delivering us on that day ffrom a fforraine Prince, 220 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. that had brought in with him all the Scandal and disasters that could be to the church, Then he spoke many fine things of the Queen, praying that her Majesty might have long life, but when God should call her to himselfe, she might leave her scepter to be swayed by one of her owne name and ffamily. June y° 17h: 1713; Rec‘ of my Master (Geo: Sitwell Esq’) the summe of two pounds ten shillings for halfe a years wages, due the 26‘ of ffebruary last past. by me, Geo : Thompson. A certaine Cure for an Ague. Take A Pint of the best white wine vinigar & sweeten it well with fine sugar, & drink it just when your ffit is comeing upon you, w* will make the Patient vomit & cure his Ague. A Cure for the Gravell. Take Beane Cods, & distill them in A cold still, & drink A glass of that water twice a day... . therewith... . a fourth part of the surveys of mark mallowes, ffasting some tyme after it. A good receipt for the Stomach & for an Ague &c. Grate as much of the Callamus Aromaticus as will fill A Tea spoone mixed with white wine Brandy, & other Cordial water, & drink A glass of white wine after it.. If you give it for an Ague let the Patient drink it just as the cold fitt is comeing upon him, & let him take another dose just as the cold fitt is goeing off &c. Novemb: the 1, 1713. Due to Nephew Henry Allestree for two Bookes, 0 : 12 : 0 ffor a List of Parl: men One Olas For Snuff for Daughter Betty, P? by Daughter Betty in full. At Backwell sessions in 1713 it was Affirmed by Mt Holden that if an order of two Justices of the Peace be confirmed att the sessions, it hath been Ajudged att the Queens Bench that such a confirmaéone doth absolutely settle such Poore Person in the Parish to which the order removed him, notwithstanding that Parish doth find that he had A settlement in another Parish before he came to them by such order; but if the order be quashed at the Sessions it is otherwise. Take an ounce & an halfe of Graine, one ounce of Long pepper, & one ounce of Ginger: put all these into a Linnen bag together, & sink it with some stones in the bagg neare the middle of an Hogshead of strong beer & it will give the Liquor a pretty tast, put some eggshells at the same tyme into your Togshead. Raise your Hogshead with bricks or stones so as the fore part may stand higher then the hindermost part of it. ' | . | POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 221 Dec: 18, 1713. Rec’ of my Master George Sitwell, Esq’ the summe of two pounds ten shillings, for halfe a years wages due the 26" of August last past, by me, Geo Thompson. In Novemb: & Decemb: 1713 I p* my son Geo: 300:0:0., 1715. May the gt, 1714. Lent then to M's Sympson the ‘ Life of Jane Shore.’ Octob the 28", Lent to M' Simpson the ‘ Present state of Great Brittaine.’ June the 14th, 1711. Lent then to M*® Levints the ‘ Memoriall of the ‘Church of England.’ January the 25%. Lent then to Mt Sympson ‘ Dictionarium Religiosum.’ May the 134, Lent then to Mt Simpson the ‘ compleat ffarrir,’ by Gray. March the 78, 1714. Tho: Bingham was then sworne Constable by me. Aprill the 4", 1715. M¢? by an Accompt then stated with Sister Sitwell, makeing my selfe creditor for 13: 14: due from Robert Greaves not yet P?, and 17s: due for chiefe Rent at Dore att Mart: 1714. There was due to Sisters children REALE: 2. Novemb. the 26%, 1714. P¢ then to M' Sympson in full for myne & son ffrancis & man’s board to the 29t of Sept: last, &c: 30: 2: 0. May the 13, 1715. P4 then to Mt Simpson in full for myne & son ffrancis & my man’s board to the 30" of March last 30: 10: 0. Decembr. the 18, I received of Mt Lund Coffee, Tea, & Snuff, which coms too OI: II: 4. ffeb: the 7%, 1714. Received then of M* Lund three halfe pounds of Bohee Tea, & one halfe pound of green Tea & one pound of coffee, the prices of them he sent not. Pd M2 Uncle Will: had one half pound of the above said Bohee wch he must Accompt to me for. Aprill the 29, 1715. Pd then by Richard Wright, the Carrir, to Mt Lund in ffull for Coffee & Tea to that day, 5: 19: 0. P? then to Richard Wright for the Carridg of three Parclls [Parcells], two for my son ffrancis & one for myselfe 00: 2: 0. May ye 19, 1715. Received then of Mt Lund by Coffee & Tea, as by his note 2: 7: 6. July the 7®, 1715. I received three halfe pounds of Bohee Tea & one pound of Coffee. Pd? January the 27, 1714. Received then of my M* Geo: Sitwell the sum of two pounds & ten shillings for halfe A yeares wages, due the 26% day of August last: witness my hand, GEO: THOMPSON. 222 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 1714. I promised my Daughter Bettee to allow her 51% p Annum from Xmass last to defray all her expencess whatever, towards which I sent A bill for 20! June the 27%. P¢ her more by son ffrancis at Alvaston, 5: 7: 6. M4 Lent to M* Bussany att Derby the Pedigree of the Sach: family, w he is to returne me againe when demanded. Richard Willson sworne Constable for Stanesby & Heath by me the 19" day of May, 1715. M¢ July the 8", 1715, there was so great A fflood upon our River that it run over all the causeway on both sides Renishaw Bridg from one end to the other. [Some of the following entries refer to the death of William Sacheverell.] In the green purse 44 Piecess of old silver, & 4 peicess of brass: more 7 peicess of new silver, & A little piece of old gold, & one Large gilt meddell. In the wrought purse 72 Peicess of silver, & one Little Spanish peice of gold, & two five shilling peicess of gold. A silver Tobacco box in Cozen Osbornes Custody: more in Cosen Osbornes Custody, one gold ring, two or three watches, silver lace, &c. M¢ the Tankard Cozen Stevinson hath weiheth 23 ounces, at 45: 104% p ounce, 5: II: 2. The Candlestick Mt Joyce Willmot weighs 5 ounce 6 pennyweight, at 55 p ounce come too, I: 6: 6. Coffee Pot for M's Broughton weieth 22 ouncess 6 penny weight, at Cag es aaaaZe The Salver—M* Broughton—weeth 38 ounces three penny weight, at 55: 29 p ounce, 9: 16: 5. July the 20, 1715. At the request of Anne Hundsworth, of Eckington, widow, I tooke seaven pounds of her Daughter’s money, for which I gave her my note payable upon demand, & whilst in my hands to pay her interest for it. M¢ I gave Robert Abbott Accompts to M' Johnson when I was att Derby, Novembr. the 4th, 1715. The 2¢ Editione of Mt Andrews full & Authentick Narrative of the in- tended Horrid Conspiracy & Invasione, with A compleat History of the Rebellione of Scotland & England, & A list of the Rebells taken Prisoners. A Discourse concerning the nature of Oaths, wherein all the casess w°h have any relatione to Oaths enjoynd by Government are briefly considered. Printed for James Roberts, &c. August the 15", I came from Renishaw to Derby. Sept: the 20th, my man went from Camb: to London, w" I gave him a Guinia. M‘ I gave Cozen Elizabeth Osborne ten broad Peicess of gold, one of ——_— i — ae ee POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 223 which was A Scepter peice. I gave at the same tyme 2 broads to Cozen Joice,—Scepters: this old gold taken out of son Sach: mony, w® I make myself debtor for. Novembr : the 26%, 1715. I returned to Renishaw from London. Decemb: the 8, 1715. My Daughter Betty came from Derby to Renishaw. [The next entry mentions the Coale pitt sough designed in the Harbar Lands. ] Rings in Cozen Osbornes hands : Two dimond Rings, & A little one set out with Dimonds. One Locket Ring set about with red stones. Two mourning Rings. Two Haire Lockets. Two Rings more set with stones. A gold seale with ye Sach: crest. In the Little J’w’ry boxs 4 peicess of broad gold. In the mettle boxs one gold meddell of King Will: & Queen Maryes, & nine pieces of broad gold. A Serjants Ring, the setting for seale, pair of gold Buttons, & little gold charme. Octob: the 24, 1715. Pd then to nephew Will: Sitwell in London p Brother ffrancis, 5: 0: 0. Craggs or Crager, A wollen stapler in Banbury Street, Southwarch, whose Brother now dead did Arrest & put into the ffleet Julian Rohds who gave him A bond for 25! by the name of Smith. Novembr : the 24, received then of Mt Lund 3 halfe pounds of Bohee Tea which is all at present that I owe him for. Novemb: the 7t*, Pd then to M* Gunters man for 4 Buckets, 0: 9: 0. Novemb: ye 8th, P¢d then to M* Shaw for four swords, & four carbine belts, & 4 powder fflasks, & four sword belts: p?, 4: 6: 0. Novemb: the gt. Pd then to Neice Shepherd for Tea Pots, &c: for my Daughter Betty, 3: II: 0. ffor 4 Carabines - - - - - - - 3: 16: O two bullet mold - - - - - - - 0:03: O One Chest - - - - - = - = - 0:03: O Pd Mr Shaws Porter - - - - - - 0: OL: O Pd Porteridge to ye Castle Inn- - - 0:00: 6 Pd 4p Bss16 Mé to order my man to meet me with my Horses at the Geo: Inn in Northampton, on Tuesday, Novemb : the 15‘? [The writer was in London on the 8t, & at Derby on the 234 November. ] M¢ The gold watch sold to Mt Tho: Allestrees wife comes to6 : 10: 0 in gold. . 224 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. M? My Daughter Betty is to allow for her Sisters watch 13: 3:9 ffor the Tweeser case - - - - - - - (CroV ewe) Fi (0) ffor the seale- - - - - - - - 00: 15:0 14 Oo 6 Sold to M* Stringer one sash for - - 1 136 A belt for - : - - OL GO A Silver Tankard, 27 Ounces att 4 : 10, - Eb: oe) Oc (oP GATES (3) for 3 watchess - : - - - - - - AGG) <50 11 O27eno June the 17%, 1715. Rec? of my Master Geo : Sitwell Esqr the summe two pounds ten shillings for halfe a years wages due the 26" of ffebruary last past by me, Geo: Thompson, Due to the washer woman for ie shirts, 10 cravats & necks, 2 caps, one paire of stockins washing. Unp. Octob: the 29'. Sept: the 76, 1715. I tooke out of Son Sach: House in Derby - - - - - - - - - =). 40) 2 tae 3 In Gold, Reckoning A Modawre at 1 : 8: 0 - - =) 30 )55 Bisw0 In brass - - - - - - - - - =. OO)3)- Srey, ffound in Barton House of son Sach; money in Gold_ - “E57 SEU eeuO) In Silver - - - - - - - . - - 039 : 19: 0 In halfpence and ffarthings - - - - - - - 000 : 07:0 Sept : the 84, P¢ for A neu hat for my Grandson William 00 : 6: 0. P? to Parson Gilbert of Thrumpton by M* White for taking an Affidavit of son Sach; burying - : - = §00 2/00) 216 I gave the Saxston at Barton by Robert Smedley for sons Burying - - - - - - - - =) 009s F2NvO Pd Will: Holms A bill for meat, &c, at funrall - =) GO) 2 Omen. I gave him then for his trouble about the funerall in providing meat, &c, - - - - - - - - (0 F 10 "e P? to Hunt & Thorpe for butter, &c. - - - - 2 OCS sAaaam Given to Mary Holmes for her work - - - - = O°} SDeO Pd Mt White for burying of son Sach - - - - aie) at fas P¢ more for butter - - - - : - - = 00:2 (OR I gave to Will: Holmes for getting meate, &c, —- - =) 00) 2eag I gave to John Wragg for Ringing my sons Passing bell, & for tolling the bell at the ffunerall - - - - = Oh Usiemer Pad to the Clark of St Peeters for tolling the bell - - =" ‘O02 Wl ag P4 to Cozens Osbornes man what he laid out fora Peice of Beefe for the funerall — - - - - - - ©. 1 eae eg dee POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 225 1720. M? to direct a Letter to Mt John Tomlinson, Taylor, att the magpie in ffetter Lane, London. [This entry repeated in 1721.] M? Treturned from London Octob. the 26, 1720: went ffrom Renishaw the 6 of August, 1720. Lent to M* Stringer the ‘ Life of Pratee Eugene,’ The ‘ Vanitie of Physick & Philosophy.’ Lent to Mt Will: Sympson A play called ‘ Attramule,’ another play called - §Tamrlin,’ both Tragedyes: P? to Daughter Betty by Mr‘ Johnson, as Appeares by his 7** Accompt given in for the 24 Decemb; 1719, 11 ; 03 : 00 There was due to her for one Quarters Allowance last Mich :, 1719 - - - - - - - - - =» fis 1Ge20 Allowed her more for A present made Neice Allestree - a eer oO in the whole 9 : 12:0 So that she received of him towards what will be due to her at Xmas, 1719 - - - - - - - =) "OL st TL Go Xber the 5 Pd her - - - - - - - =) FOO" 2210) 210 Jan: y® 16% - - - - - - - - 00:05;0 Jan: y® 14th Pd her then the full for Xmas Quarter, 1719 - 5: 4:0 7310) 20 March the 7». P4 then to my Daughter Betty towards Lady- day Quarter - - - - - - - - - 00:10:;0 16 paid more - - - : - - - : =///00):) 077 <0 Aprill y® 22, 1720 - - : - - : - - 03 :00:0 May the rot - - - - < = 5 : - 03213:0. in full ae LON OF 1720. June the 29t, Pd then to my Daughter Betty - SP yea) 7 : 10 : O of which for Midsummer quarter and in part of Michaelmass quarter 1720 - - - - - = O4e tie Sie July the 4t - : - - - : - - - = 00) FIO! 1.0 July y® rot - - : - Fa - - - =" (Of) 20% 310 August the 37 - - : : - - ss = OF : 16:0 O72) 1043,0 1719. ffeb: the 16t [1720]. Received then of Mt Sympson his share of o! 175 4% due to Charls our ffoot Post the 26t8 day of Novemb: last, 1719, & allso his share of 2° p? to Doncaster Post the 26‘ of Novemb: 1719, 64. March the 17**, Received Captaine Newtons share of the above said sums 0 : 4: IO. 5 226 POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. M¢ I went ffrom Renishaw August the 6, 1720, & returned againe to Renishaw October 26%, M¢ Our Evening Post mist Sunday the 11 Xbr, 1719; another Sunday the 6" of March, another before, so there is at Least 3 missing. M? Our Evening Post mist July the 3a, 1720. Miscellanys in Prose and Verse by Doctour Swift. Miscellanies by the Marquess of Halifax under 7 heads, &c: [repeated 1721], Popes Urbin the 7", Innocent the 9, Gregory the 14't, and Leo yé rith, All Reignd not much above one yeare. The year 1559 was remarkable for the death of so many great men as no age hath afforded y* like. There died in 15 months tyme A Pope, An Emperour, Two Kings of ffrance, A King of England, A King of Portugall, A King of Denmark, The Queen Dowager of Poland, The Queen of England, Mary Queen of Hungary, Queen Eleanor, The Doge and Patriarck of -Venice, The Duke of fferara, 13 Cardinalls, and many other Persons considerable either for qualitie or merit. Vide the Life of Pope Sixtus the 5'* [repeated 1721]. M? [left Renishaw to go to Camb: and thence to London Aug: the sixth, 1720, came to M* Carltons y® 20, Due from ffrancis Marples, Butcher, for 32 sheep - - - -20 2 10)%'0 July the 22g, 1720. Lent then to Rob Sycks the ‘ Compleat ffarrir.’ M¢ Novemb: the 6, 1718. Lent then to M* Hayford, junior, Willoughbyes Ornitholigy. ffeb. the 18t, 1719. Lent then to M* Sympson, The History of the Law of Iingland.’ And the ‘ Analysis of the Law,’ wrote by the same hand. Aprill the 25, 1720. Lent then to Mt Sympson, A Manuscript of Uncle Sach: of the fforest Lawes, &c. M4 In my Almanack for 1718 is M™ Stones Receipt for 2000", &c : M? I have agreed, Aprill the 27", 1720, with Mr’ ffentham that if I do from May day next make 50 p Annum cleare money of my Coale delfe att the Osmond Hough, to Allow him 20! p Annum; but if under 50" then but ro! p Annum ; but if I make 65! p Annum, he to have the 15" or so much above 50! as is made cleare to 20, I have p4 him till May day next. June the 3a, 1720. I p4 then to Charles Eaton our ffoot [post] for his halfe yeares sallery due the 26" of May last for bring the newes =.) ONL 7m P¢ by him att the same time to Jonathan Slater for the Evening Post for A yeare, due to him the 26” of last May, 3 being wanting - > JE ieas To Doncaster Post for halfe a yeare, due May the 26 - = Ob 2age Pi Mr Sympson part Aug: the 6, 1720. Novemb; the 17", 1720. Received Captaine Newtons part. A721. Lent to MF Stringer the ‘life of Prince Eugene’ return’d. The ‘ Vanitie of Physick and Philosophy.’ POCKET ALMANACKS AT RENISHAW. 227 Lent to M® William Simpson A play called ‘ O/tramu/e,’ another play called Tamerlin,’ both Tragedyes. July the 2"4, 1720, Lent then to Robert Syckes, M‘ Sympson’s man, the Complete ffarrir.” M¢ Novemb: the 6, 1718. Lent then to Mt Hayford junior Willough- bye’s Ornithology. returned, ffeb: the 18, 1719. Lent then to Mr. Sympson the ‘history of the Law of England,’ and the ‘ Analysis of the Law,’ wrote by the same hand. Aprill the 25, 1720. Lent then to Mr. Sympson A manuscript of Uncle Sach : of the fforest Lawes, &c. ffeb : the 8" 1720 [1721]. Lent then to Captaine Newton the 24 part of Mortimer’s ‘ book of husbandry.’ M? I went from Renishaw August the 6th, 1720. I returnd again to Renishaw from London Octob: the 26‘, P? to my Daughter Betty towards Xmas Quarter, 3 : 19 : 4. M¢ our Evening Post mist July the 34, 1720. M¢ August the 13' I left in Cozen Osbornes hands the Counter part of the Assignment of M* Poles Judgment. And a copy of the Receipt I gave to Edward Pole. M¢ That in M* Clarks bill for my son ffrancis his cloaths there is charged 2 : 6 for gloves for my grandseun. [On February the 6%, 1721, the writer’s nephew Francis Sitwell went to London. ] ffeb: the 234, 1720 [1721]. Lent then to M's Sympson the abridgment of my Ld Clarendons ‘ History of the Rebellione.’ A good Receipt for a Quincey. Take a linnen Cloth, steepe it well in good grease, then fill it with hott salt, and apply it to the place as hott as the Patint can bear it, and renue it when its cold. M? ffeb: the 6, 1721. I gave to my nephew ffrancis Sitwell, John Cartlidge’s his bond with him to London. M? By the Accompts I gave in to the Parish att the last Account, which was the 21°t of Aprill, 1721, for money received and Disbursed for the use of the Schoole, it appears the receipts was 152 : 0 : O and the Disbursements 154 : 9 : 3: sothere isduetomelI : 3:0. July 16%, 1721, I have paid Charles Eaton, our foot post for his half years salary, due the 26 of May, 1721 - - - - - Ee etc - tee To iy) oad! Sent also at the same time by him to Mt Jonathan Slater for a year’s pay for the Evening Post, One Pound Six Shillings - - - =) GIN 07-80 [These two last entries are in the hand of Francis Sitwell.] 228 Some Potes ow Meepdale Cave, Burton. By Rev. J. CHartes Cox, LL.D., F.S.A. ea. TENDING about half a mile S.S.W. from Marldale, | between Buxton and Chelmorton, is the narrow {3} limestone cleft of Deepdale. A cave in this rocky little valley, the property of Mrs. Percival, of Chelmorton, was (in 1884) first discovered to have been inhabited in bye-gone times, by Mr. Matthew Salt, an intelligent tradesman of High Street, Buxton. About two years ago, Mr. Salt again visited the cave, and found various fragments of pottery, as well as a variety of bones. In the summer of 1889 other townsmen of Buxton became interested in the caves of Deepdale, notably Mr. Robert Millett, builder, of West Street. The finding of a large skull, which was supposed to be that of a wild boar, as well as a great number of other bones and much pottery in fragments, caused the explorers to desire further advice. At the end of August, and during September, both Mr. Salt and Mr. Millett put themselves, with great wisdom, into communication with Professor Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S., F.S.A., of Owen’s College, Manchester, who is so well known to archeologists as the leading authority on all that pertains to caves and their inhabitants. A considerable -parcel of bones were submitted to the Professor’s examination, with the highly interesting result, that they were found to include bones of the red deer, with antlers ; of the sheep or goat; of the dos longifrons, or short-horned Celtic ox, including skull and teeth ; of the horse ; of the fox, including a skull; of the hare; and of some large bird. The supposed skull of the wild boar proved to —— eee eer Oe eee SOME NOTES ON DEEPDALE CAVE, BUXTON. 229 be the most interesting of the “finds,” for it was identified as pertaining to the uwrsus arctos. It is the skull of an old bear, with the teeth worn down almost to stumps. ‘The head and jaw of this bear were thickly covered with stalagmite deposit. Amongst other articles submitted to Professor Boyd Dawkins were a polished spear head, showing traces of having been gnawed by rodents ; the top of a bone pin, turned in a lathe ; and various fragments of pottery, chiefly of the three different kinds, (1) rude hand-made, (2) Samian, and (3) pseudo-Samian red ware.* Yet more recently, Mr. Salt has made further discoveries at Deepdale. On December 26th, 1889, he found a skull, which is supposed to be that of a wolf. On the same occasion, a narrow- necked, flask-shaped vessel, was discovered two feet below the surface. It is described as of a light stone colour, and coarse in texture. The vessel has a handle at the lip; a rough pencil sketch seems to show that it is a small Roman ampulla. Two chipped flints, and a long bone pin were also found on the same day. On December 27th, Mr. Salt found a circular bronze fibula, with a projecting central boss ; and on January 14th, 1890, the greater part of a small bronze bracelet or bangle. From the pencil sketches that Mr. Salt has kindly submitted to me, just before going to press, of these his last discoveries, I venture to think that they are sufficiently: interesting to warrant our Society having them specially illustrated and described in the next issue of the Journal. Mr. Salt has also forwarded to me fourteen fragments of the pottery found by him in the Deepdale cavern on December 27th and on January 14th. There is a great and most interesting variety in this little heap of potsherds. Two of the pieces are of the coarse, hand-made black ware of early times, small fragments of white gypsum being mixed with the paste ; this kind of pottery has been more than once described in this Journal. The remainder have all been turned on a wheel, and may be generically described as Roman, or Romano-British, but of very * We are greatly obliged to the Professor for kindly supplying us with brief notes as to the result of his examination of these finds. ted 230 SOME NOTES ON DEEPDALE CAVE, BUXTON. different texture, and probably of widely differing dates. Three of these are pieces of coarse, strong, reddish ware, in two instances coloured right through, and in the third having a bluish grey centre. Others are of a blackish grey colour, and of lighter make. Several of them have formed parts of large open vessels. There is one piece of fine chocolate paste, that probably, with one or two others, came from the large Roman potteries of Northamptonshire. There is one piece of a dull, whitish grey that is evidently part of the rim of a mortarium of continental make. A small and beautifully glazed fragment is undoubted foreign Samian ; and another coarser piece of the same style may, with equal assurance, be termed pseudo or imitation Samian. It is not a little remarkable to hold in one’s hand this tiny collection of potsherds, weighing in all not eleven ounces, gathered almost at haphazard from the clay on the floor of a little limestone cave in an out-of-the-way Derbyshire glen, and to know that this handful of fragments has been brought there from countries and places hundreds, nay, perhaps thousands of miles apart from each other, and there deposited and used by people, the most ancient of whom may have been there very many centuries before Christ, and the most recent at least fifteen hundred years before Mr. Salt disturbed them from their resting place. No further surmises shall, however, be now indulged in, for it is to be hoped that the caves of Deepdale (there are more than one) may ere long be systematically explored, and that the results may be made known to the members of our Society by some competent pen. The Editor was only anxious that the present Journal should not be issued without some brief chronicle of these noteworthy investigations so far as they have yet been pursued. DVDS Oe NAMES’ ‘OF -PERSONS: A. Abbott, Robert, 222 Acore, Hugh de, 28; Robert, 28 Aconere, Margery, 25; Robert de, 25 Adams, Sergt. George, 100 Agard, Wm., 160 Aldred, Sergt. Jno., 100 Alexander, Corp. I., 100 Allestree, Betty, 202; Henry, 220; Katherine, 202; Richard, 194; Thos., 223 Alliot, Rev. Mr., 6 Altenborough, Corp. S., 100 Alton, Ensign, 76, 77, $2, 86, 87, 90, 94, 95, 98, 99 Ambrose, Rev. Pére, 142 Andrew, Edmund, 1 Andrews, Mr., 222 Annable, Sergt. W., 101, 102 Anthony, Corp. J., 100 ; Sergt. Geo., IOI Arderne, Agnes de, 27 ; Simon de, 27 Argile, Sergt. Robert, 75 Arkwright, Peter, 69; Robert, 69; Sir Richard, 3 Ashby, Corp. Jas., IOI, 102 Asley, James, 217 Aston, Corp. S., 100 Attenley, Corp. J., 100 Augustus Cesar, 2 Aylesbury, 144 B. Bagnale, Johannis, 151, 152 Bagshawe, Rev. William, 14; W. H. Greaves, 14 Bailey, Mr. G., 43, 52, 53, 170 Bainbrigge, William, 160 Baker, Corp. A. H., 100; Henrico, 147-149 Balee, Robert, 149 Barber, Mr., 19 ; Padge, 23; Rev. Wm., 59 Barbur, Robert le, 37 ; William, 37 Barnes, John G., 69 Barode, Rogero, 150 Barogh, Rogero, 151-153 Barow, Johanne, 156 Barrow, Robert, 202 Bartfield, Edwardo, 157 Basset, 144, 203 Bate, Ricardus, 149-156; Willielmo, 150-154 Batel, Joan, 35 ; William de, 35 Bateman, Chas., Mr., 117, 136 Bates, James, 76 Beard, Mr. Sam., 168 Bede, Ven., 44 Beghton, Geoffrey de, 343 Joan, 34 Bek’, John, 32 Belfield, Sergt. S., rot, 102 Belue, Philippa, 29 ; Roger de, 29 Bemrose, Messrs., 58 Bentleye, Robert de, 27 Berresford, Sergt. Joseph, 75; Corp. Wm., 75 218; Bewick, 5, 12 Bickerton, Mr. Tho., 215 Bingham, Mary, 204; Tho., 221 Bissop, John, 24; Lucy, 24 Blackwall, John, 69 Blakeman, Mr., 204 Blood, 4 Bonde, Thome, 149 Booth, Corp. P., 101, 102; John, 76; Corp. Wm., 75; Tho., 203 Bossley, George, 164 Borrows, Sergt. G., 101 Bourne, Messrs., 4 Bours, Johanne, 154 Bowes, John, 168 Bownes, Capt., 76, 79, 82, 88, 90, 94, 96, 98, 100, 103, 105 ; Ensign, 100, 104 Botum, Philippa, 35 ; Robert, 35 Bradburys, The, 16 Bradley, 6, 7 Bradshaw, Francis, 4, 61, 62 ; John, I, Lor, 102 ; Joseph, 5, 59-61 Bransby, Mr., 198 Brasher, Rev. S. B., 175 Bremington, Peter de, 41; Wm. de, 41 Breton, Emma, Ralph de, 33 Breydestone, Cicely, 41 ; Nicholas de, 41; William de, 41 ~ Bridges, Corp. S., 101 Briersby, Mr., 199 Briggs, J. J., 52 Brocksop, Mr. H., 168 Brookhouse, Robert, 51 ; Thomas, 51 33 3 232 Brooks, Thomas, 75, 100 Broughton, Mr., 222; Mrs., 222 Brown, Johannis, 146- DAS! S Ss hg LOLs Willielmum, 146-148 Browne, Mr., 206-210; Thos., 167 Brownson, Mr. John, 22 Bruce, J. Collingwood, 176 Brunaldeston, Henry de, 27 su susabella, "27.5 Nicholas, 27 Brunston, Isabella, 31; John de, 31 Burdin, Mr., 199 Burguillun, William le, fe) Burguylun, Henry de, 40 Bulbec, John, 25; Le- titia, 25 Bunting, Joseph, 75 Burne, Maj.-Gen., 105 Burnett, Dr., 202, 210 Burton, Mr,, 1453 Richard, 199 Bussany, Mr., 222 Byrom, Mr., 205 Byrsecote, John de, 31 C. Cadwell, Mr., 198, 199 Camera, Robert de, 26 Campbell, Capt. H., ror Cane, Hugh de, 29 Caradoc, 45 Carlton, Mr., 197, 207, 213-216, 226 Carr, Corp. J., 100 Carrington, Mr., 117 Cartlidge, John, 227 Cary, Ji> 7 Cassell, Messrs., 21 Cavendish, Lord James, 217 Challerton, Adj., 84 Chantry, Mr., 215 Charge, John, 69 Charles, Samuel, 15 Chatterton, Adj., 85 Chaworthe, Thomas de, 30 M.A., Chester, of, 31 Cholerton, John, 76 Christie, Mr., 15 Clarendon, Lord, 227 Clarke, Capt., 76, 80, 83, 84, 89, 91, 953 Mr., 214, 227 Clay, Hercules, 196 Clee, Sergt. James, 75, 100 Clyfton, Elena, 37 ; Ger- vase de, 37 ; Nicholas, de, 37 ; Simon de, 37 Cogulton, Johannis, 147 Cole, Mr. Robert, 199 Collins, Capt. Geo., 215 Coningsmark, Count, 218 Cooke, Mr., 197, 202 Cooper, Corp. W., 100; Lieut., 84 Cope, Corp. W., 75 Copley, F., 208 ; G., 202 Cornere, Gervase de la, 32; John de la, 27; Matilda de la, 27 Cornish, Henry, 218 Cotes, 6, 7 Cotton, Mr. Ogden, 198 Cowley, Mrs. A., 168 Cox, John, 68; Major, Srey Dr okay els 13, 15, 53, 58, 116, 162, 175, 228 Crewe, Hugo Harpur, 139; Miss, 142; Lord Thomas, 142 Crofts, Mr. Thomas, 21 Crompton, J. B., 69, 75, 76, 79, 83, 85, 89, 90, 95-97, 100, 104, 105 ioral: Oliver, 47 Crondon, Ralph de, 29 Crooks, Wm., 202 Crophull, Radulpho de, 145; Thomas de, 139 Crouchback, Edmund, 145 Crosby, B., & Co., 7 Cudworth, Dr., 202 Curcur, Thomas le 37 Curzon, N.C., 58 ; "Serjt. R., 100 Curzun, Emma, Thomas le, 4o Simon, Abbot 40 ; INDEX OF NAMES OF PERSONS. D. Dakins, Dr., 198, 199 Daniel, Corp. W., 101, 102 Danvers, William, 42 Davies, David, 6; Mrs., 63 Rey, (D. sPen27a75 12, 13, 16, 46 Dawes, Serjt. I., 101 Dawson, Capt. S., 100 Dawkins, Prof. Boyd, 115, 116, 228, 229 Day, Serjt. E., 101 Derby, Hugh of, 140 Derleye, Henry, Abbot of, 33 Derry, T. R., 1 Despencer, 144 Detheck, Geoffrey de, 40; Robert, 40 Devereux, Edward, 160; John, 139, 1553 Sir Walter, 139 Deverres, Elizabeth, 157 ; Johannes, 157 Devonshire, Duke of, 7, 19, 61 Dibdin, Charles, 59 Dicken, Mr., 171, 175 Diggin, Samuel, 167 Dolman, Dr., 20 Donyngton, Ricardi, 157 Dronfield, John, 215 Drury, 7 Dun, Richard de, 31 Dunn, 6, 7 E. Eaton, 6; Charles, 226, 227 Echangre, Geoffrey de, 24 Ellison, Mr., 202 Equiano, Orlando, 6 Escryueyn, Robert le, 33 Essex, Earl of, 215 Estwayt, Robert de, 35 Evans, Canon, 133 David, 12, 133; Sur- — geon, 102 Eyre, Gertrude, 196; Mr., 210, 212 ; Rogero, 157 INDEX OF NAMES OF PERSONS. F. Fannel, John, 25 Fells, Mr., 199 Fennell, Sergt. J., Sergt. W., 100 Fentham, Mr., 202, 226 Feram, J., 213 Ferrars, Lady, 156; Lord, 156; Lord John, 140; Lord William, 140 Ferrers, Elizabethze, 145 ; Johannis, 145 Ferrur, John de, 36 IOI; Feure, Cicely, 423 William le, 42 Ffenton, Johanni, 151, 152 Ffitcharris, Edmund, 218 Fford, John, 204 ; Sarah, 203, 204 Ffoxlowe, Grace, Mr. Wm., 201 Fletcher, Felicia, William le, 28 Flack, Capt., 89, 91, 94, 95, 98, 99 Fletcher, Ensign, 76, 80, 84, 100; Edw., 102; ibient. J.) 74) 75; 2; 89, 90, 91, 94, 95, 98, 101, 102, 104; Capt., 75, 81, 86, 87, 89, 93, 97, 98, 101; Lieut. T., 77, 88; Lieut. W., 76, 81, 86, 90, 95, 98, 100, roa; Myr. (Gr 132; 182; Sergt. E., 753 Sergt. J., 101 Flint, Lieut., 74, 76, 34, 86, 89, 91, 93, 97; 98, 100, 103 Foljambe, Thomas, 30; William, 28 Ford, Mr., 7, 175 Forester, Adam le, Cicely, 34 Fox, Beatrice, 41; Mr. T., 168; Robert, 41; William, 38 Foxlow, Rev. Francis, 60 France, William, 15 Francys, Richard, 139 Franks, Mr., 116 Friend, Rev. F. A., 2 Frost, Lieut., 76, 77, 81, 85, 87, 89, 93, 98; Mr., 62 201; 28; 29; 34 3 Fryseby, Hugh de, 27; Osbert, 27 G. | Gales, A. & E., 67 Gamble, Capt., 85 Gardiner, Andrew, 205 ; Samuel, 199, 202, 204, 205, 212 Gaunter, Avicia, 39; Eustachia, 38; Henry le, 38 ; Ralph le, 39 Gawthorne, Mr., 15 Geffrey, Johanne, 158 Gerrard, Mr., 212 Gibson, Sergt. R., 100 Gilbert, Capt., 85 Gisburne, John, 205 Gissop, Mr., 200 Glossop, Jos., 168; Nicholas, 203; Peter, 203 Glover, Mr., 217 Godbehere, Mr. T. I1., 20 Golding, Johannis, 148, 150, 158; Ricardus, 150, 154; Thomas, 154, 155 Goodacre, Sergt. Thomas, vi Gcouall, Lieut., 76, 79, 82 Goodwin, Mr., 60 Gos, Alan, 36; Hawysia, 36 Gousel, Simon de, 34; Walter de, 34 Greaves, Robert, 221 Green, I2 Greenwell, Rev. Canon, 116 Gregory, Rev. B., 20; Mr. Cornelius, 109, 110 | Greisley, Sir Roger, 18 Grenne, Willielmi, 149 Gresle, Geoffrey de, 31 Greseley, Agnes de, 39 Grey, Henry de, 32; Reginald de, 32 Grimaldi, 59 Guest, George, 199 Gunter, Mr., 223 Gurneye, Elizabeth, 25 ; Hugo de, 25 Gyte, John, 7 233 H. Halifax, Marquis of, 226 Hall, Dr. Spencer T., 21; J. C., 69, 75, 100, 107; Sergt. W., 101 Harding, Thomas, 199 Hardy, M., 168 Hardy and Page, Messrs., 24 Harman, Henry, 160 Harper, Chas., 212 Harpur, Jane, 161 ; John, 142-144 ; Johannis,158- 161; Lady Caroline, 144; Lady Frances, 143; Lady Katharine, 142; Richard, 160, 161 Harrison, Lieut., 76, 78, 82, 87, 90, 94, 97, 99, 100, 105; Miss, 133 Mr. James, 15; Sergt. S., 100-102 Harris, John, 218 Hart, W. H., F.S.A., 1 Harvey, Ensign, 77, 81, 87, 90,953; Lieut., 98 Haslam, Mr. S., 175; Sergt. Geo., 101; Will., 203 Haslem, Thomas, 17 Hassop, Amabilla, 42; Ranulph de, 42 Hatt, Will., 203, 207, 215 Hattersley, Wm., 201, 210 Hauteryne, William de, 31 Hawkes, Maj.-Gen., 98 Hayes, Will., 198 Hayford, Mr. Millington, 216, 226, 227; Mrs., 216 Hearnshaw, Mr. Thos., 168 Hemsworth, Mr., 213 Henly, Mr., 80, 95 Henover, Eudo de, 42; Orengia de, 35, 41, 423 William de, 34, 42 Herbert, Henry Fitz, 34 Hereford, Bishop of, 30, 202 ; Margaret, 160 Herigaud, Margery, 25; Nicholas, 25 Hervy, Ensign, 76 234 Herygo, Margery, 36; Nicholas, 36 Hey, Rev. Canon, 2, 3, I Hicking, James, 6; John, 6 Hill, Archdeacon, 162 ; Corp. S., 100; Corp. W., Tol, 102 Hinckman, ‘Vhomas, 164 Hinton, Mr. Benj., 198 Hockel, Joan, 25; Michael de, 25 Hoggatt, Corp. S., 100 Hogh, Alicia, 151 Holcombe, Rev. Dr., 60 Holden, Mr., 220; Rev. Charles, 59 Holmes, Capt.-Lieut. W., 101, 104; Major, 58; Mary, 224 ; Will., 224 Hopkinson, IOI Hotot, Constance, Henry de, 28 Huberd, Richard, 28 Hudson, Corp. T,, 100 Hughs, Benjamin, 76 Hundsworth, Anne, 222 Hunt, Corp. N., Io1; Wm., 76 Hunter, Capt., 75, 79, 84, 88, 90, 94, 97; Major, 100; Mr, C., 8 Sergt. W., 28 ; Huntedon, Peter de, 26 ; Richard, 26 Hurst, 7 Hurt, Mr., 60, 69 Hussey, Mr., 198, 208, 211 Hutchinson, 208, 218 Elizabeth, 3 Irton, Adam de, 37; Henry de, 36; Isabel- la, 36; Joan, 32) Margery, 37; Philip- pa, 36; Stephen de, 32 Te Jackson, Master, 102; Anne, 210; Mr., 202, 204 INDEX OF NAMES Jacksonne, Johannis, 159, 160 Jebb, Joshua, 69 Jenkins, Mr., 18 Jenkinson, Sir Paul, 196, 202 Jennings, Sergt. W., 75 | Jermin, Mr., 201, 205 Jessope, Edw., 200 Jewitt, Orlando, 20; Llewellyn, 4, 7 Jones, Rev. Eliot, 314; Rev. Evan Owen, 12, 13; Richard, 211 Johnson, Mr., 222, 225 John of Gaunt, 2, 8 Jonson, Ben, 45 Jordan, Drum-Major, 102 K. Keighton, Richard, 76 Kent, Thomas, 194, 196 Kerny ns Canpa mails e753 Rev. C., 49, 52, 1395 Mr., 18 Keys, Min Ji; 46,075; 179 Kiddy, Mr. John, 21, IOI Kington, Willielmi, 149 Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 196 Knowlton, Thomas, 69 Knyveton, Elizabeth, 39 ; Mathew de, 39 Kyngesle.e, Agnes, 26; Richard de, 26 Kyngeston, John de, 42 L. Lambier, J. H., 18 Lancaster, Ear] of, 8 Langeford, Oliver de, 34 Langham, Elizabeth, 140 Langton John de, 140; Robert de, 139; Willielmi, 150, 155 Ledes, Johanne, - 149; Thomam, 152 Ledys, Johanne, 148 Lee, Walter del, 30 Leland, Rev. Dr., 5 Lepar, Roberto, 155 Lestrange, Sir Roger, 216 Letherland, 199 OF PERSONS. Levints, Mrs., 216, 218, 221 Leyes, John de, 30 Litton, Richard de, 35 Lomas, Mr. Henry, 12, 16, 17 Longman, 7 Lonthorp, Constance de, 38 o Low, Major, F.S.A., 2; Mr. E., 19; Mr. Tohn, 8 Lowe, Willielmo, 158 Loyak, John de, 34 Lucas, Bernard, 162. 167 Lund, Mr., 218, 219, 22 ye2 28 Lunn, Mr., 216, 217 Luthe, Simon, 273 Thomas de, 27 ; Walter de, 27 Lytton, Swayn de, 34; Thomas, 34 Macket, Corp. Geo., 101, 102 Mall, Johannis, 155; Willielmo, 150-154. Mapelton, Henry de, 28 ; Margery, 28 Manard, M., Io Mansell, Sergt. James, 75 Marlborough, Duke of, 218 Marple, ffrancis, 226 Marsden, Corp. W., ror ; Joseph, 76 Marshall, Benjamin, §8, 10; Isaac, 10; Richard, 213 Martel, Nicholas, 35 Martin, Isabella, 39; William, 39, 40 Mason, Geo., 16-19; John, 16; May, 204; S.5-575, 11; 12, Oar 22 Mathews, Mr., 215 Matkin, Corp. J., 100 Matthews, Jonathan, 213 Maynaut, Thome, 147 McAllum, William, 15 Meinwarin, Achelina, 40, 41; James, 40; Robert, 40, 41 ; Roger, 41 Mellor, James, 76 ; John, 18 Menante, Henrico, 147- 149 INDEX OF NAMES OF PERSONS. Mercington, Letitia, 26 ; Nicholas. de, 26 Meynaunt, Roberto, 149 Meynell, Robert, 140, 141; Thomas, 139- I4I, 145, 146 Micauber, Mr., 19 Miller, Col. Charles, 64, 66; Wm., 76 Millett, Mr. Rebert, 228 Millward, Corp. Tho., IOI Mittam, Mr. T., 168 Montgomerie, Maj.-Gen., 95 Moore, Capt.-Lieut., ror, 104; Ensign, 76, 79, 82, 88, 90, 94, 96, 99 ; H 7 Morock, Joan, 36 Morel, Henry, 27 ; Sibil, 27 Morleye, Joan, Richard de, 36 Morrell, Sergt. S., 100 Moss, Mr., 21 ; Sam, 1or Mossell, Richard, 205 Murray, Mr. J., 125 Mundy, F. N. C., 10 Munpyneun, Christiana, 355 Roger de, 35 36; N. Nadauld, Mr., 15 Naylor, Ralph, 166 Newbold, George, 213 Newehahe, Agnes, 41; Richard, 41 ; Robert, I 4 Newman, Geo., 84, 85; Lieut. G., 101, 102 Newsum, Henry, 170 Newton, Capt., 225, 227; Mr., 198 Nichols, 139, 140, 142 Nightingale, Sergt. W., IOI Nillson, 124 Noevoleia, 179 Norman, Christiana, 253 John, 25 Notingham, Joan, 36; Robert de, 38 ; Simon de, 36 oO} Ogle, Mr., 19, 20 Oldfield, Corp. J., ror; James, 75 Ollerenshaw, Mr. S., 168 Olliwell, Corp. J., ror, 102 Orme, 7 Osborne, Elizabeth, 222 ; Walterus, 155-157; Willielmo, 151-154, 157 Oswald, 44 Outram, Ensign J., 1o1, 103 PR. Palmer, Mr., 18 Parker, Dr., 199; Isa- bella, 30; Sergt. W., | 101, 102; Wm., 30, 168 Parkes, 7 Parsons, Mr., 219 Patricks, Will, 212 Payne, Rogeri, 149 Pearson, Dr. T. B., 201 Pegg, Mr., 7, 12, 18, 19, 22) 23 Peke, Willielmo, 152 Penda, 44 Percival, Mrs., 228 Perers, Robert de, 26 Peter, Rev. David, 7 Philipps, Gawyn, 161 Pitt, Mr., 58 Pitt-Rivers, Gen., 115, 117 Plumptree, John, 208 Pocock, Mrs., 197, 207, 208 Pole, Edward, 59, 68; Mr., 227 Pollard, Johanne, 148 Poort, Mr., 10 Pratis, Mary de, 140 Presbury, Willielmo, 151- I5I, 147, 154 Prince, Eugene, 218, 225, 226 Pritchard, 7 Pym, Mr. Joseph, 5 235 | @: Quency, Roger de, 139 | R. Radford, John, 5, 61; Sergt. J., 101, 102; Joseph, 75; Wm., 76. Ragged, Matilda, 38; Robert le, 38 Rains, Messrs., 109, 135, 137 Ramsley, Magister, 170 Rathdale, Thome, 150 Rees, 7 Revell, Eliza, 207, 208 ; Mr., 199, 202. Revet, Robert, 156; Thoma, 158; Williel- mo, 158 Reynauld, Cicely, 27; Robert, 27 Ridge, Corp. W., 101, 102 Riley, Mr., 21; Corp. W., 101 Roach-Smith, Mr. 176 Roads, Sir John, 215 Roberts, James, 222 Robinson, 3; Joseph, 203 Roby, Edmundun, 153 ; Edwardo,154; Roberto, 147; Willielmo, 151- 154 Rodeclive, Thoma 146 Roden, Mr., 202 Rogers, Mr., 199; Wm., 168 ex de, Rohds, Julian, 222 Roiston, Mr. W., 168 Rolleston, Margery, 26 ; Prof., 132; William de, 26 Roper, Corp. Luke, 75 Rosewarne, John, 17, 20, 2I Ross, Mr., 64 Rowbotham, 6 Ruer, Cicely, 42; God- frey de, 42; Walter, 42 236 Rugemund, Ricardi de, 149 Russell, Lord, 218 ; Mr., 198 Rycheware, Geoffrey de, 29 ; Roger de, 29 Ryder, Bishop, 19 Rydeware, Ellen, 34; Nigel de, 30; Sybil, 30; Walter de, 34 © S. Sach, Mrs. Jane, 217 Sacheverell, Henry, 196 ; William, 195, 196, 199, 222 Saint, Corp. J., 101, 102 Salt, Mr. Matthew, 228- 230 Sanders, Lieut., 75, 80, 84, 89, 91, 94, 100, 104 Sandersen, Bishop, 207, 210 Saucheverel, Ralph de, 31; Robert de, 33 Saunter, Eustachia, 32 ; Henry le, 32 Savage, Ensign, 74, 76, 85, 86, 89-93, 95 Savage, Johannis, 156- 158 Saxton, Mr., 198 Scarsdale, Lord, 51 Scherewynd, Henry, 32 ; Scholastica, 32 Scheyle, William de, 31 Sergaunt, Henry le, 36; Matilda, 36; Richard, 36 ‘Severn, Lieut., 86 Seynieorge, Margery, 35 ; Richard de, 35 Shaftesbury, Earl of, 218 Shaw, Mr., 223 Sheldon, George, 166 Shepherde, Johanni, 149- 1523 Ricardus, 150, 154; Thomas, 154, 155 Sherlock, Dr., 202 Sheriff, Mr., 201 Shirl, James, 31 ; Ralph, 31 Shorecroft, Richard de, 26 Shooter, Henry, 20 Short, Andrew, 198 Sidney, Col., 218 Sims, Corp. S., 101 Simpson, Mr., 210; Mrs., 210 ; William, 68, 227; Capt., 84 ; Lieut.-Col., 8 Sitwell, Francis, 195-197, 200, 2015, 201, ©2107 ; Henry, 200 ; Geo., 198-208, 213, 214, 220, 221, 224; Mrs. Katha- rine, 199; Sir Geo., Bart., F.S.A., 193- 196 ; Will., 198-203, 207-210, 213, 223 Slater, George, 76 ; Jona- than, 226, 227 Sleford, Robert de, 28 Smedley, Robert, 224 Smek, John, 27 Smith, Capt. B., 100, 1037; ‘Corp: 235 101 5 Mrs., 167; Thomas, 170 Smyth, Johanne, 149; Thomas, I. Smythe, Thomas, 170 Sowter, Lieut.-Col., 85 Spencer, John, 5, 61; William, 212 Starkey, Thomas, 199 Staley, Sergt. W., 101 Stanedon, Henry, 29; Letitia, 29 ; Nicholas, 29 Stanel, Adam de, 34; Cassandra, 34 Stanlye, Henrici, 160 Statham, Capt. Isaac, 76, 80, 87, 90, 94,95, 98; 147- Capt. T., 77, 98; Capt. W., 76, 77, 81, 87, 90, 94, 97, 98, Joseph, 14; William, I 4 Steele, Mr., 217 Stenson, 6, 7 Stevenson, Mr., 215 Stock, Mr. Elliot. 45 Stockwoods, Francis, 208 Stocton, William de, 39 Stokton, Roberto de, 146 Stone, Corps. Jig LOL, 102; Mr., 226 Stonle, John de, 31 Storey, Sergt. J., 101 Stratton, Walter de, 31 INDEX OF NAMES OF PERSONS. Straw, Corp. S., 102 Street, Capt., 96 Streete, Widow, 1 Stretley, Elizabeth, 40 ; Robert, 40 Stringer, Mr. Francis, 207-211, 217, 224, 227 Strutt, Capt., 61,74, 8o, 86, 89, 93,98; G. B., 6; 125) 10); \Gavele Ss 17, 22, 23, 61, 62, 60, 75, 84; Jedediah, 3, 76, 853 John, 173 Joseph, 4, 61, 64, 66, 69, 75; W. G.and J., 3, 6, 17, 20, 21, 62 Stukeley, Dr., 175, 176, 180 Sudberry, Sergt. W., ror, 102 Sutton, Roberto de, 146 Swift, Dr., 226; Geo., 213 Swinney and Ferral, 6 Sycks, Rob., 226, 227 Sykes, Thomas, 8, 10 Sykhull, Willielmo, 154 Sympson, Mr., 197, 206, 214-221, 225, 226 Io!, ius Talbot, Mr., 21 Tansley, Sergt. J., 100 Taylier, John, 160 Taylor, Christopher, 75, 100); ‘Corp. t-, Loins Corp. P., 101; Francis, 76; John, 13; Mr., 6; Sergt. J., 100; Sergt. S., 100; Sergt. Tho., 75; 76.3" Sergt. We 75 Temple, Sir Will., 217 Tillitson, Dr., 198 Tipper and Crosby, 6 Thorlaton, Alice, 37; Robert de, 37 Thompson, Geo., 220, 221, 224 Thornhill, Henry B., 69 Thurleston, Alice, 32; Ralph, 32; Thomas, 32 Thurnam, Dr., 129 Tomlinson, Corp. J., 100; Mr. John, 225 INDEX OF NAMES OF PERSONS, Totum, Willielmi, 152 Townrow, Richard, 197, 200 Townson, George, 217, 218, 224 Trossebut, Roger, 37; Thomas, 38 ; William, 37 Trubshaw, Mr., 199 Tunstall, Rev. Matthew, 13, 15 Turner, Lieut., 76, 80, 83, 89, 90, 94; Roberto, 157 Turton, Capt., 76, 78, 82; Ensign, 75, 79, 82, 89, 90, 94, 97, 98, 100, 105 ; Sergt. Tho., 75 Vv. Vassa, Gustavius, 6 Vaux, Eleanor de, 139 Vickers, Mr., 21 Vincent, Ricardo, 156- 158 W. Wagner, Capt., 105 Wain, Capt., 76, 80, 82, QI, 94, 100-102 Wainewright, Edward, 198 Walker, Benj., 76; En- sign, 94; Lieut., 76, 79, 82, 88, 90, 94, 96, 98; Sam., 75, 100; Corp. W., 100; Sergt. J., 100; Sergt. R., IOI, 102; Sergt. W., IoI Walles, Mr., 218 Wallis, Mr. Alfred, 7; Lieut., 85 Walshe, Thomas, 149 Waltheof, 46 Walsham, Thomas, 148 Walter, Mr., 215 Ward, Capt., 101, 102 ; ‘Chas., 51; Edward, 68 ; John, 50, 54, 108, 147, 185, 190, 192, 216; Lieut. Robt., 80, 83, 87, 91, 94-96; Lieut. Tho., 76, 80, 84, 89, 91, 95, 97 Wardinton, Roger de, 28 Webster, 4; Geo., 14; Godfrey, 202; John, 162, 202; Sergt. J., 100; Sergt. N., 101; Sergt. V., 101; Sergt. W., 102 Wermundesworth, Mar- tin de, 24; Nicholas de, 24 Wesley, John, 14 Weste, Richard, 170 Weston, John de, 31; William de, 25 Westropp, H. M., 180 Wheatley, Ensign, 101 ; Saml., 76 Wheeler, Mr., 213 ; Wm., 164 Whiston, Ensign, 84 White, Corp. J., 100; Grace, 216 Whittington, Margaret, 2; Thomas, 2 Whysall, Abraham, 18 ; John, 18; Mrs., 18 Whytby, Raffe, 156; Radulphi, 157 ; Tome, 155 Whytington, John, 2 Wigfall, Mr. John, 199, 208 Wigfalls, Mrs., 219 Wilberforce, Mr., 213 212, 237 Wilders, Ensign, 102 Wildgoose, Sergt. Tho., _ 100 Wildness, Ensign, 101 Wilkes, John, 170; En- sign, 76, 78, 82, 88,90, 96, 98, IOI, 102, 104 Wilkins, 6, 7 Willamot, Samuel, 75 Williams, Ensign, 76, 81, 85, 87, 89, 90, 93, 97, 98; Mrs. C. J., 20 Willmott, Mr. Joyce, 222 Willoughbie, Margaret- um, 158 Willson, Richard, 222 Winchester, Humphrey, 166 ; Theodosia, 166 Windle, Mr., 169 Wing, William, 201 Wodde, Johannis, 154 ; Thomas, 154 Woodecote, Willielmo de, 146 Wodehouse, Mr., 201 Wood, John, 164 ; Rob- ert, 69 Woolley, Lieut., 74, 75, 80, 85; Mr., 205 Wormhull, Katherine, 30; Thomas de, 30 Wragg, Ensign, IOI, 103; John, 224 Wright, Agnes, 152, 1533 Ensign, 97, 101, 103 ; Mr., 81 ; Richard, 221; Wm., 211 Wryght, Thomas, 158 Wrythe, Thomz, 156 Wyne, Dionisia, 30; Ralph le, 28, 30; Robert le, 30 Wynnhall, Johannes, 148, 149 Wyrley, Mr., 142 Wyte, Felicia, 42 ; Roger le, 42 238 INDEX. (OF NAMES OF “PLACES A. Africa, 123 Alderwasley, 2, 69 Alfreton, 100 Allestree, 45, 51 Alton, 129 Alvaston, 194, 199, 218, 219, 222 Amboldeston, 25 America, 18 Appletree, 1, 69 Ashbourne, 7, 59, 63, 66, gI, 104 Ashover, 54, 57, 190 Aston-on-Trent, 59 Asia, 123 Aylwarston, 25 B. Bakewell, 16, 24, 190 Barleburgh, 35 Barnet, 144 . Barton, 196, 218, 219, 224 Bath, 44 Beaurepaire, 8 Belper, 1-23, 58-107 Berwardcote, 32 Birmingham, 6 Blackborne, 202 Blackwell, 216, 220 Blith, 203 Bobenhull, 42 Bolehill, 202 Bolsover, 204 Bolton, 33 Bosworth Field, 139 Boulogne, 67 Boylestone, 29 Brailsford, 63, 66 Brampton, 216 Brassington, 108, 138 Braydeshall, 36 Breadsall, 59, 91 Brenaleston, 32 ~ Breydeston, 24 Brimington, 169, 204 Brunaldeston, 27 Burton, 144, 217 Butterlee, 190 Buxton, 44, 52, 53, 80, 228, 229 c. Caistor, 230 Calke Abbey, 142, 144 Calow, 169 Cambridge, 15, 196, 198, 215, 222, 226 Canterbury, 53 Carmarthen, 7 Chaddesden, 40, 8) Chartley, 139, 140, 145, 155, 158 Chatsworth, 68, 69 Chelmorton, 228 Chesterfield, 6, 7, 15, 64 81, 162-169, 197, 200, 201, 204, 206, 200, 215, 216 Chipping Norton, 144 Chirchesomershal, 30 Chreswell, 203 Chyldecote, 29 Codnor, 67, 163 Cornwall, 52, 124 Cranbourne Chase, 115 Crich; 69, 103, 185 D. Dalebury, 39 Darley, 46, 47 Darley Moor, 56 Deepdale, 228-230 Denby, 4 Derby, 6, 7, 11, 12, 17, 20-53; 58, 59, 68, 745 86, 99, 184, 199, 215, 217, 222, 223 Derbyshire, 2, 6, 7, II- 16, 20, 21, 23, 46, 53, 54, 58-61, 64, 65, 68, 69, III, 117, 122, 130, 136, 182-195, 201, 230 Derleye, 33, 34 Dodworth, 202 Doncaster, 195, 202, 208 Donyngton, 156, 159 Dore, 213 Dorset, 44 Dovebridge, 53 Duffield, 2; 3,13, 15; 21, 59, 85, 90, 191 Durham, 13 E. East Leake, 60 Eckington, 202, 216, 222 Egginton, 190 Elmton, 60 England, 44, 55, 58, 59, 78, 90, 145, 161, 165, 212, 215, 216, 218, 222 Europe, 19, 67, 123, 204 Eyford, 129 Eyton, 26 F. Fenny Bentiey, 36 Five Wells, 124 Formosa, 122 France, 58, 161, 198 Fyndern, 25 144, 1455 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLACES. G. Gainsborough, 198, 199 Gloucestershire, 128, 129 Greaseby, 198 Gresley, 68, 69 EE. Haddon, 140, 141 Haddon Fields, 136 Haldworth, 196 Harborough, 108 - III, MG, 0075), 027, , 120, 131, 137, 138, 190 Harthill, 214 Hasland, 169 Hatton, 33 Hazlewood, 18, 60 Heage, 3 Heanor, 67 Heath, 222 Heathery Burn Cave, 115 Hedleston, 80 Hemington, 139-161 Hereford, 30 Herrestrop, 124 Hilton, 82 Ilolbrooke, 4, 5, 59-62, go Holywell, 45 Horsley, 67 Hounslow, 143 Huntedon, 26 I. Ilkeston, 35, 41, 84 India, 118 Ireland, 19, 161 Italy, 202 Jip Jersey, 128 Ie Kedleston, 63 Kelstedge, 55 Kent, 124 Keteleston, 37 Kilburn, 102 Killamarsh, 201, 216 Kitt’s Cotty House, 124 Kyldesley, 34 Li, Lancaster, 145 Langeford, 31. Langley, 82 Lanyon, 124 Leicester, 140-145 Levenyng, 38 Lichfield, 105 Linbury, 53 Lincoln, 41, 42, 48, 142, 199 Lincolnshire, 198 Litchurch, 1, 68, 69 Little Chester, 170-181 Little Clyfton, 37 Little Eaton, 59 Littleover, 82 Lockington, 58, 140-144, 150, 157, 159, 219 London, 6, 7, 16, 17, 21, 22, 64, 76, 103, 142, 144, 193, 195, 1098, 202, 206, 212, 2I16- 219, 222-227 Longcliffe Cave, 109 Loughborough, 6, 67, 139 Lullington, 31 Lytton, 27, 34 M. Mackeleye, 26 Makeney, 7, 12 Manchester, 3, 17, 228 Mansfeld, 20 Maperleye, 27 Markeaton, 10 Marlborough, 218 Marldale, 228 Marple, 104 Matlock, 17, 44, 60, 104, 167, 187, 189 Middleton, 28, 142, 143 Milford, 6, 21 Mininglow, 124 Morleston, 1, 68, 69 Morley, 196 Mule Hill, Isle of Man, 128 N. Netherhurst, 40 Nether Overton, 39 Nether Swell, 128 Newbold, 169 250) Normanton, 169 Normanton-juxta-Derby, 32 Northampton, 67, 223 Northamptonshire, 230 Northbyrs, 34 North Lees, 53 Nottingham, 6, 7, 19, 20, 8 Nottinghamshire, 60 O. ‘Osemunundeston, 37 Oswestry, 45 Overhurst, 41 18. Paddington, 142, 143 Paris, 142 Park Cwm, 129 Pentrich, 67 Pewerwych, 33, 40 Pompeii, 179 Povey, 196 Presteclive, 25, 36 Pybele, 34 Pylecote, 32 Q. Quorndon, 59 R. Radbourne, 59, 81, 84 Rains Cave, 185 Ravensnest, 190 Renishaw, 193-227 Repton, 68, 69 Riber, 60, 189 Ripon, 143 Ripley, 21, 104 Roach Abbey, 145 Rocester, 190 Rodmarton, 129 Rome, 180 Roscinton, 34 Rotherham, 198, 199 Rowsley, 190 Rushmore, 112 Ss. Salisbury, 44 Sandiacre, 53 Scarsdale, 68, 69 240 Scotland, 222 Settle, 115 Sheffield, 6, 7, 17, 111, 202, 211-214, 217 Shipley, 63 Shirland, 32 Shirle, 31 Shottle, 4, 14, 23, 59-62, 8 3 Shrewsbury, 28 Shropshire, 52 Smerrill Grange, 117 Snelleston, 28, 33 Staffordshire, III, 117, 122 Stalybridge, 214, 218 Stanesby, 222 Staunton-juxta-Sandi- acre, 41, 42 Staveley, 41, 59 St. Helier, 128 Stoney Middleton, 53 Sutton-in-Ashfield, 20 Swarkeston, 142, 158, 161 it | Taddington, 25, 36, 124 Tapton, 169 Thrumpton, 224 | Thurleston, 25, 32 Tideswell, 39 Toledo, 165 Treton, 83 Turnditch, 3, 15 Tyfield, 129 Tyssington, 35 We Via Gellia, 108 Victoria Cave, Settle, 115 Wales, 44, 52 Walker’s Hill, 129 Walton, 169 Warrington, 45 Wartre, 38 West Leake, 60 Westminster, 24-31 2 7 MAY 19355 INDEX OF NAMES OF PLACES Weston, 30 Wetton, 117, 128, 129 Whilefield, 55 Whitecotes, 196 Whittington, 196 Whitwell, 203, 217, 218 Whytewell, 43 Wilne, 53 Wilton, 44 Wiltshire, 115, 129 Wirksworth, 6, 7, 14, 15, 17, 20, 28, 59, 60, 68, 69, 80, 105 Winton, 139 Winwick, 44 Wormhull, 29, 30 Wyleford, 37 Wylne - juxta - Sharde- lowe, 31 Wynels Thorpe, 24 Me Yoredale Rocks, 54-57, 183-185 York, 77, 89 Youlgreave, 117 ee BEMROSE AND SONS, PRINTERS, DERBY AND LONDON. - en te ya me gt Li Yay * ie } ‘iayflee nthe Bye, i Aharon mae ote Pada a . i i ii 1h N tt Hie ; iM Ny A Tab WS ReOe | CROP SUPE BU Mb ana na Nee ry | H) . Loh PPS q he 4 4 | a ; | . i t ay fy 4 ' ’ ) LPT ag te ae 2 aide Cre S78) Ze Fy ae Sig, BSE Letagete es Hie sese : | sie: geet gic tatsece obyipte® Stith