boyal botanic gardens, KEW. GABTiPW 0062623 ROYAL BOTANIC gardens KEW Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from BHL-SIL-FEDLINK / https://archive.org/details/journalofhorticu3518hogg January 11, 1883. THE •# JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE, COTTAGE GARDENER, HOME FARMER. A CHEONICLE OF COUNTEY PURSUITS AND COUNTRY LIFE, INCLUDING POULTRY, PIGEON, AND BEE-KEEPING. CONDUCTED BY ROBERT HOGG. LL.D., F.L.S. in 184 8. VOLUME V. THIRD SERIES. JULY TO DECEMBER, 1883. LONDON PUBLISHED FOB THE PROPRIETOR 171, FLEET STREET. 1883. LONDON : PRINTED AT THE JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE OFFICE, 171, FLEET STREET. January 11, 188?. TO OUR READERS. Having “returned thanks ” no less than seventy times on the completion of the half-yearly volumes of this Journal for the support that has been accorded us, the good wishes that have been expressed, and the lively interest that has been manifested in our work, what can we say more than that our acknowledgments to our friends old and young, writers and readers, deepen with increasing years ? That we have much to gladden us and encourage us to further effort, this our last completed volume affords ample evidence ; for in not one of all that have preceded it is the work of so many pens and the reflex of so many minds recorded. This shows, if anything can show, that the interest in gardening and kindred home pursuits is at least as active as ever, and that this activity will continue we have had satisfactory assurance during the present week. Our object is to be useful, to ncrease the trade in all gardening and home appliances, to improve the culture of everything that yields profit and affords pleasure, to provide a field for discussion and the interchange of ideas between those who are equally animated with ourselves in the desire to impart information and acquire knowledge ; and especially our hope is to remove difficulties under which the young and inexperienced labour. To this end we invite all those whose wants we do not anticipate to ask, without apology or hesitation, for such information as they may need ; and if it is in our power to do so we will give it readily, not as a task but as a pleasure. Correspondents, too, will in the future, as they have done in the past, submit their experience on any perplexing subject that is published in our columns . Thus those who seek instruction on special matters often become instructors by procuring information of the utmost value and importance. All who can impart or elicit knowledge, and assist in making clear what was before obscure, will be welcomed as helpers in the work which on so many good grounds it is so desirable to foster — the advancement of horticulture. ■ / . • t. r. - * JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER January 11, 1883. 1 V Abies Webb i an a, 33 Abutilon Thompson!, 210; cul¬ ture of and varieties, 4«3 ; for winter, 531 ; new varieties of, 575 Acacia Farnesiana, 151 ; three useful, 403' Achillea Ptarmica flore pleno, 229 Aclumenes, selection of from Chiswick trials, 177 Acrocliniums, double varieties certificated, 553 Adhatoda cy (Ionia- folia, 511 Adiantum cuneatum, 501 rEschynantliuses, 315 Agapanthus umbellatus, cul¬ ture of, 403 Ageratnm Malvern Beauty, 177 Allamandas, culture of, plagiar¬ ism, 99; 498 temperature for, 676 Allium sacculiferum, 175 Alpine plants, selection of, 324 Amateur’s holiday in Scotland, 531 American blight, the tar rem ed v 536 Ampelopsis Veitchii, 242, 305 ; A. sempervirens, 243 Anagatlis tenella, 154 Androsaces, notes on species of, 156 Anemones, planting, 259, 465 Anthurium Andreanum in Co¬ vent Garden, 343 Antirrhinum Uendersoni, 39 ; versicolor, 250 Ants, utilisation of in horticul¬ ture, 80; destroying, 450,499 Aphelexis, culture and varie¬ ties, 404 Aphides, destroying black on Peach trees, 392 Apples— 1). T. Fish, syn. War¬ ner’s King, 151 ; The Cats- head, 157, 175 ; at Girtford, 3C0 ; crop in America, 249 ; the crop, 277 ; Pott’s Seedling, 322; Itei- nette, Franclie, and Pine Apple Russet, 343 ; Lands- berger Reinette certificated, 346 ; Lady Henniker, 364 ; variations in, 376 ; effect of liquid manure on old trees, 386 ; for the north, 424, 474 ; Potts’ Seedling, 425 ; The Do¬ mino, 428, 449 ; Cellini, 436 ; American importations, 448 ; l’easgood’s Nonsuch, Ringer, and 'Tom Montgomery, 453; The Washington, 471 ; Lane’s Prince Albert, 474 ; The Wash¬ ington, 500; for market, 511 ; Ringer, Tom Montgomery and Early Julien, 519; Lane’s Prince Albert, 520; Crab v. Paradise stocks for, 543; Ham- bledon Deux Ans, Hawthorn- den, history of, 601 Aquatic plants, choice, 153, 154 Aquilegia clirysautha, 151 Arums, 306 Arundo conspicua, 153 Araucaria, improving, 352 ; notes on species, 456, 966 ; cone of A. excelsa, 457; Bid- willi, 532 Asparagus and Globe Arti¬ chokes, 271 ; Asparagus in autumn and winter, 447 ; notes on culture, 477 Asperula hirta, 6 Asphalt walks, making, 188 Asters, selection of perennial, 357 Astrocnryum mexicanurn, 572 Attaeus Mylitta and cocoon of, 63; Atlas, 123; Polyphemus moth and caterpillar, 182 ; Varna Mai, moth of, 254 ; co¬ coon and caterpillar, 293; Yama Mai, 349 Auchendrane, 574 Auriculas, potting, autumn- flowering, 27 ; for borders, 34 ; Mrs. Douglas, 199 Avocado Pear, 581 Azaleas, watering, 67 ; destroy¬ ing thrips on, 92 ; for forcing, 373 ; culture and varieties, 404 ; A. narcissiflora, 498 ; for forcing, varieties of, 597 BANANAS— value of as food, 321 Barbacenia purpurea, 386 Barberry fungus, 36J Barr & Son, partnership of, flowers exhibited by, 11 Bass, death of Mr. Abram, 176 Battersea Park, notes on, 315 Bean, Bunyard’s Broad-podded Kidney, 175; selection of, 255 Beckett House, 521 Bedding plants, propagating, BEES— Artificial swarming, Norfolk Show, a professor of bee¬ keeping, 20 ; unsettled points, eating pollen, Show at Read¬ ing. Cheshire and Lancashire Association, 44; not swarm¬ ing, 46 ; prolonging lives of queens, bog heather for, 65 ; heather for on wet land, 90 ; standard frame, 92 ; driving stocks, prolonging life of queens, 113; Berks and Bucks Show, 114 ; autumn treatment of stocks, forecasts, 137; re¬ moving. supers from hives, 139 ; autumn treatment of stocks, 161 ; glass v. tin for honey, equalising colonies, 162 ; cold and food consump¬ tion, comb foundation v. feed¬ ing, Bee-keepers’ Associa¬ tion’s Show, awards of, 185 ; critique of South Kensington Show, Neighbour’s prize hive, 209 ; a retrospect of season, 232 ; the South Kensington Show, 233; driving and stupi- fying, Hertford Show, 234 ; Lancashire and Cheshire Bee¬ keepers’ Exhibition, 256 ; swarming v. non-swarming, 257, 333 ; Sussex Bee-keepers’ Association, 258; driving bees, 260 ; exhibition at Dundee, the black bee and red Clover, Derbyshire Show, 282; honey crop of America, 283 ; notes for beginners, 333; in winter, plants for bees, 304 ; British Bee-keepers’ Association’s certificated teachers, 305 ; the Stewarton and bar-frame hives, 330, 394 ; the Stewarton hive, preparing for winter, 351 ; the Stewarton hive, thirty years’ progress, Wor¬ cestershire Bee-keepers’ As¬ sociation, 374 ; frame hives, meeting of apiarians, 895 ; hives and how to make them, 413 ; the art of bee-keep¬ ing, 435 ; prize hives at the Dairy Show, 435; purchasing stocks, 437 ; art of keeping, natural history of and social instincts, 463 ; costly hives and results, 464 ; plants for, 486 ; hives, 486, saving bees, removing eggs, young and old queens, 5o9 ; art of bee¬ keeping, natural history, 510 ; profits of, 512 ; art of keeping queens, 534 ; antiquity of ri nging swarms, superstitions, 557 ; hiving swarms, size of INDEX. ■0 - BEES— continued. hives, overstocking, under¬ feeding, 579; the art of bee¬ keeping, the drone, 599 ; the Stewarton hive, 600 Beetles v. Strawberries, 61 ; eat¬ ing Strawberries, 127, 217 Begonias A. F. Barron, Mrs, Stevens, and Thomas Moore, 39; gogoensis, 82 ; Tuberous, as border flowers, 120 ; notes on species of, 143 ; for bed¬ ding, 250 ; select ornamental¬ leaved, 222 ; large at Swanley, 223; at Forest Hill, 224 ; win¬ tering tubers of, 425 ; sem- perflorens massiliensis, 429; at Swanley, 474 ; winter¬ flowering, 570 Belgian horticulturists, visits to nurseries and gardens, 10 ; a week in— M. Fynaert’s nur¬ sery, 223 Benevolent (Gardeners’) Insti¬ tution, Mr. Perkins’ appeal for, 99 Berberidopsis corallina, 153 Birch, origin of purple-leaved, 437 Biron, presentation to Rev. H. B., 364 Blackberries, American, 375 ; theKittatiny, 474,519; Parsley leaved, 524 Bog garden; 145 Bomareas, notes on, 322 Book, review of “Dictionary of Economic Plants,” 178 Borders, small v. large for fruit trees, 541 Botanical phenomena, lecture on, 17 Botanic (Royal) Society’s re¬ port, 15b Botany, “ The New,” 301 Bougainvillea glabra, culture of, 590 Bouquets, modern, 598 Bouvardias, temperature for, 394 ; culture of, 450 ; Alfred Neuner, 545, 571 ; President Garfield, 570 Bramble, the Parsley-leaved, 391 Brick-kilns v. vegetation, Mr. Foster’s trial, 176 ; trial on and verdict, 150 British plants, two useful, 146 Broccoli, Snow’s Winter and Veitch’s Autumn, 524 Brussels Sprouts, Reading Ex¬ hibition, 542 ; the Aigburth, 568 Budding and grafting, influence of stocks and scions, 173, 205 ; curious examples of, 206 ; fruit trees, 115 CABBAGES — Wheeler’s Impe¬ rial, 101 ; and how to grow them, 176 ; preparing for winter, 426 Cactus Jenkinsonii, 578 Calanthes at Marston, 571 Calla afthiopica, 578 Calochorti, culture of, 601 [601 Camellias, cutting blooms of, Campanula liederacea, 154, 176, 199; pyramidalis in borders, 223; C. pyramidalis, 276 Canterbury Bells, 2 Capsicum Little Gem, 476 Carnations and Picotees, pro¬ posed show of at Oxford, 34 ; for towns, 55 ; Mary Morris, 104; certificated varieties, 105 ; raising from seed, 106; layer¬ ing, 139 ; Gloire dc Nancy, 150 ; Wakefield Show, 151 ; Mary Morris, 183 ; Duchess of Westminster, 198 ; Virgo, 273, 296 ; treatment of, 661 Carrot difficulties, 525; failures and the tar remedy, 565 Carters’ Holborn Seed House, 294 Cassia corymbosa culture, 415 Caterpillars on Oaks, 187, 297 ; in 1882, 246 ; destroying Cab¬ bages, 352 Cattleya Whitei, 82 Ceanothuses for bedding, 423 Ccleriac, three-coloured, 476 Celery, stimulants for, 45; in winter and spring, 553 Charcoal as manure, 67 Chenopodium atriplicis, 243 Chermes abietis, 278 Cherries, good varieties for suc¬ cession, cheap houses for, 74 ; house and varieties for, 393 ; the Morello, 474 Clilora grandiflora, 32 ; perfo- liata grandiflora, 131 Christmas and church decora¬ tions, 564 Chrysanthemum La Petite Marie, 38 ; maximum, 251 ; coronarium, 348; in London, new varieties, 385 ; notes on annual, 393 ; fixtures of shows, Madame Desgranges, 428 ; La Nymphe, Sceur Melanie, 429 ; in the London parks and gardens, 430 ; segetum, 452 ; Lord Wolseley, Crimson King, M. Desbreux, and F. A. Davis, 454 ; Mr. Henslow’s lecture on, 455 ; for decoration, 475 ; Soeur Melanie, 500; showing and dressing, 518 ; manure for, King of the Crimsons, 549, 567 ; Dnke of Albany and Ceres, 553 ; proposed election, late white, Rosa Bonheur, 570; Golden Circle, 571 ; Sceur Melanie, 575; growing speci¬ mens, 580 ; dressing and exhi¬ biting, 588 : white varieties, 591 ; a specimen, 595 Chrysanthemum Shows— Bath, Birmingham, 502 ; Bristol, 484 ; Brighton, 501 ; Brixton, 458 ; Canterbury, 484; Chester¬ field, 533 ; Hartford, 483 ; King¬ ston, 480 ; Lambeth, 459 ; Leicester, 500 ; Liverpool, 504 ; Manchester, 485 ; Northamp¬ ton, 503 ; Plymouth, 484 ; Put¬ ney, 460 ; Southampton, 460 ; South Shields, 532 ; Staines, 504 ; Stoke Newington, 459; Tooting, 483; Tunbridge Wells, 48L; Walton, 483; Wimbledon, 503 ; Westminster Aquarium, 482 Cinerarias, stopping shoots of, 436 Clarke, James, death of, 475 Clay’s fertiliser v. slugs, 57 Clay, burnt for gardens, 187 Clematises in pots, 139 ; cocci- nea, 273 ; propagating, 511 Clerodendron fallax from seed, 208 Climbers for conservatory, 21, 162, 436 Coca, culture of, 200 Coclilearia alpina, 52 Cocoa-nut fibre for Peas, 320 Ccelogyne barbata, 592 Coleuses from seed, 195 Comet influences, 533 Commelina cafiestis, 243 Comparettia macroplectron,fal- cata vera, 82 Conifers for hedges, 559 Conservatories in summer, 336 Corn mildew, 368, 369 Cornus mascula variegata, 153 Corydaiis glauca, 250 Cosmos bipinnatns, 265 ; diver- sifolius var. atro-sanguineus, 381 ; bipinnatus var. parvi- florus, 553 Cottagers’ cropping, 53 Cranberries, 178 Crotons aureo-marginatus find Dayspring,38 ; Tliomsoni, 271 ; Eyrei, 347 Cucumbers — pruning, tempe¬ ratures for, 43 ; The Cardiff Castle, 64 ; culture of for winter, 192; disease, 284; in America, 408 ; disease, eradi¬ cating, 423, 470; curing disease of, 519 ; disease and high tem¬ peratures, 507 Cucumbers and Melons failing, 381 Cucurbits, ornamental, 139 Culzean Castle, 389 Cunninghamia smensis, 553 Cupressus Lawsoniana Silver Queen, 249 Currant Black Champion, 202 Cymbidium Mastersii, 388 Cypripedmms, notes on hardy, good species of, 194 ; Arthur- lanum, 347 ; reticulatum, 364 ; calceolus culture, 415 ; sel- ligcrum majus and other hybrids, 429 DAHLIAS— Gem, 82 ; single, 104 ; edges, 199 ; National Show, 243; John Henshaw, Ruby King, and Christine, 255 ; White Juarezi and Glare of the Garden, 295 ; Harrison Weir, John Henshaw, 319 ; single at Tottenham, select varie¬ ties, 337 ; new varieties certifi¬ cated, 347 ; single varieties at Oxford, 344 ; viridiflora, 363 ; effective varieties, 387; notes on single, 427 Daisies, single, quilled, 150 Damsons, the Prune and Clus¬ ter, 474, 519 Daphne Mezereum, propagat¬ ing, 46 Delphiniums, good double va¬ rieties, 78 Dendrobium superbiens, 410 Dew, formation of, 404, 447 ; in hothouses, 499, 522, 544, 564 Digging and manuring, 566 Dracamas, propagation and cul¬ ture of, 577 Ducks in garden, 46 Dundee, proposed International Show at, 548 Durdham Downs Nursery, 432 EALING Nurseries, 225 Earthworms in New Zealand, 519 Earwigs v. Nectarines, 163 Eccrcmocarpus scaber, 331 Echeveria l’eacockii, 79; win¬ tering, 199 Echium albicans, 29; E. ru- brum, 77 Edge Hall, 245 Edinburgh and the Pilrig Nur¬ series, 339 Edinburgh nurseries, 365 Elaterium, 138 Electric light and vegetation, 235 ; for conservatories, 570 Emigrants, a warning to, 224 Epidendrum bicornutum, 465 Epping Forest Naturalists’ Club, 249 Ericas andEpacrises for winter, 463 ; notes on, 545 ; Erica gracilis autumnalis, 581 Erodiums, notes on species, 109 Eryngiums, notes on, 115 Erythroniums, 292 VI JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ January 11, 1863. Euonymuses, propagating 240 ; striking, 279, 290 Eutoca viscida, 145 Evergreens, transplanting, 397 Exacum macranthum, 221 Exhibiting— the good old times, 84 ; ethics of, purchasing flowers for, 219 FARM — Sliort-liorned cattle, history of, Booth’s breed, 22 ; Short-horned cattle in Aus¬ tralia and America, high prices of, 47; maximum pro¬ duce of crops, 08 ; weeds, eradicating, 09 ; maximum crops, 92 ; maximum produce of crops, 110 ; four-course sys¬ tem of cropping, 140 ; Norfolk system of cropping, harvest¬ ing, 103 ; breeding hunters nnd roadsters, 188, 212; Barley " Bigg,” 190 sowing Tri¬ folium, crops m Durham, the Scotch harvest, 213 ; Hereford cattle, 230, 281 ; Hop prospects, 237 ; prizes for crops, Rye Grass a second year, mites in hay, effects of salting, 238 ; scientific cheese-making, 202 ; influence of climate on culti¬ vation, 2S4, 307 ; the seed har¬ vest, Hop crop, 309; milking cows, 310 ; seed corn, notes on selecting, 332 ; agricultural distress, remedies for, Metro¬ politan Dairy Show, 333; seed corn for autumn sowing, 358 ; Beans for cows dan¬ gerous, 350 ; Devon cattle, 376 ; history of, 397 ; mules, useful¬ ness of, feeding ewes, 399; neglected pastures and waste lands, 416, 437, 489, 512 ; dear¬ ness of sheep, 418 ; quanti¬ ties and mixtures of seed for pastures, 438 ; cow-keeping, farm horse stables, 444 ; neg¬ lected pastures and park lands, renovating with ma¬ nures, 466 ; Carrots for horses, Cabbages for cows, insurance of cattle, 492 ; manuring, 512 ; the Leicester breed of sheep, 637 ; ewes, feeding, cattle diseases, 538 ; improving pas¬ tures, 540 ; the Leicester breed of sheep, history of, 560 ; food for milch cows, tussock and moles in pastures, 561 ; maximum weight for age of cattle, 582 ; earth in stables, value of, 583; American yield of Maize, 583 ; weights of sheep, 602 ; earth floors for stables, 004 Faulkner, death of Mr., 452 Fencing, cost of split oak, 210 Ferns for baskets, 86 ; Tree, notes on species, 230 ; raising from spores, 581 Ficus elastica for rooms, pro¬ pagating, 426 Figs— trees not bearing, root- pruning, 115 ; Negro Largo, 128; not swelling, 187; prun¬ ing, 405 Fiji, forest ramble in, 319 Filberts, pruning, 07 Finsbury Park, notes on, 310 Firs, decay of Spruce, 57 Fittonias, culture of, 536 Flies, destroying, 150 Flower bed of hardy plants, 571 ; and lobster salad, 386; plant¬ ing for winter and spring, 394 Flowering plants, arranging, 129 Flowers — changeability of colours of, 105 ; cheap, 126 ; notes on colours of, 171 ; in autumn, 317; simple mixtures of, 451 ; economy with, 47u ; usefnl autumn, 518 ; of the past season, 508 ; colours of, 691 ; selection of plants to afford a supply of, 602 Forests, influence of on climate, 158 Forget-me-nots, notes on, 172 Foxglove, salmon sport from, 79,91 Frant Cottagers’ Association, 127 Frost, severe in Scotland, 571 Fruit— modes of packing, 40 ; packing in moss, 218; notes on in Sussex, 221 ; pruning trees in autumn, 231 ; gather¬ ing nnd storing, 23; judging at Edinburgh, 289 ; trees, planting, 290; scraps about, 427, 453 ; pruning and dress¬ ing trees, 402 ; hardy, 474 ; pruning and training trees, 493 ; scraps about, 519 ; grow¬ ing on chalk soils, 525 ; plant¬ ing trees, 533 ; summer and winter pruning, 566, 578, 581 ; at Edi nburgh, cards for judg¬ ing, 569 Fruit judging at Edinburgh, 318, 344, 308, 385 ; selections for amateurs, 358 Fruit trees — pruning, 45, 91; good sorts for standard, 331 ; securing names of, 848; pre¬ paring ground for, 350; lifting and renovating, 352 ; import¬ ance of labelling, 380; prun¬ ing and training, palmette verriers, 542 ; growing for market, 559 ; borders for, 595 Fuchsia Riccartoni, 315 Fulham Nurseries, sale of, 343 Funkla lancifolia albo-margi- nata, 45 ; spatliulata alba, 57 GAILLARDIA PICTA LORENZI- ana, 568 Gardeners’ Royal Benevolent Institution, anniversary din¬ ner, 10 ; ffetc for at Phornham, 295 Gardeners changing situations, 203 Gardenias, pruning, and de¬ stroying insects on, 90; im¬ proving unhealthy, 415 ; cul¬ ture of, 446 ; potting and pruning, 495 Gardening amongst cottagers, 11 ; learning, 22,139 ; past, pre¬ sent, and future, 517, 567 Garden refuse, charred, 259 Gardens in North Durham, 201 Gentiauas, species of, 15 Gesnerias for summer and winter, 336 Ghent, proposed Horticultural Congress at, 344 Girtford Experimental Garden, 88 Gladioli, good early, 45; at Ken¬ sington, Bono, Jas. McIntosh, Ala, and A. F. Barron, 129 ; good white varieties, 249; Col- villi albus, 385 ; growing pre¬ maturely, 580 Glass copings for walls, 119 Glass-wall protectors, references to, 558 Glazing, Rendle’s Acme system, 405 Gloxinias, large, 46 Godetia Duchess of Albany, 38 ; Satin Rose, 129 Gooseberries, value of crops of, 224; for protit, 558; culture of market, 596 Gooseberry bushes, pruning neglected, 187, 477, 527 Grammatophyllum mul ti¬ ll orum, 82 Grapes, ripening late, 242, 294 ; Foster’s Seedling, 271 ; Gros Maroc, 275 ; exhibiting, 316 ; Alnwick Seedling not setting, 353; Alnwick Seedling at Chiswick, 360, 446, 472, 498 ; not setting, 403; early white varieties of, 391 ; Buckland Sweetwater, 412, 430,448, 47o; bees attacking, 430 ; Golden Queen, 448 ; keeping, 402 ; notes on varieties, 469 ; Mus¬ cats at Knowsley, 494; esti¬ mate of white, 498 ; vagaries of, 512; low night tempera¬ tures for, 518 ; for September, 528 ; Early White, 530 ; over¬ cropping, 536 ; for September, 547 ; Muscat of Alexandria and sand, 549; Duke of Buc- cleuch, 580 ; notes on varie¬ ties, 593 ; description of Bar- barossa, treatment of Gros Maroc, 601 ; selection of, 009 Green & Sons, Messrs., annual meeting, 128 Greenhouse, management of, 318 ; its inmates, 403, 580 ; heat ing, 477 ; temperature for, 580- Guavas, 102 HAILSTORM, DESTRUCTIVE, 104 Hampton Court, 242 Hardy plants, selection of, 144, 325 ; a garden of, 326 Harefield Grove, Uxbridge, 320 Harpalium rigidum, 227 Harvest festival, church deco¬ ration for, 359 Heaths for autumn and winter, 581 Heating— Eippingille’s stoves, 448 Heckfleld Place, 431 Heliotropes, Bouquet Perfume and Madame P. Athles, 177 ; White Lady, 587 Heracleum giganteum,10 Herbaceous plants, selection of, 124, 279 ; renewing and in¬ creasing, 401 Herbarium of plants, an old, 321 Hinds, Mr. W., death of, 593 Hippophne rhamnoides, 353 Hollyhock disease, 102 Hong Kong, botany of, 154 Hops, bad harvest of, 175 Hop Plant, the, 488 Horseradish, cnltuie of, 544 Horticultural (Royal) Society, arrangement with Commis¬ sioners, 33 ; Committees, 38,81, 177, 183,340, 453 ; Horticultural (Royal Caledonian) Society, results of International Show, 386 ; list of Committees, 574 Hoya carnosa, 235 Humus, 472, 497, 520, 546 ; its properties nnd action sum¬ marised, 569 Ilyaci nthus candicans in pots, 99; culture of Roman, 358; for beds, 425 Hybrids raised by Mr. J. Seden, 122 Hyde Park, 202 Hydrangeas with blue flowers 243 ; Thomas Hogg, 470 Hypericum undulatum, 127 ICONOGRAPHY OF INDIAN Azaleas, 320 Imnatiens Sultani, 75 Indian Figs, 178 Indiarubber plants, new species, of, 54 lngestrc Hall, 307 Insecticides, notes on, 523, 590 Insects, prevalence of, 56 Ivy, planting, 235 ; and cattle, 580 JACOBTEA LILY CULTURE, 559 Jasminum gracillimum in winter, 591 Judging at Edinburgh, 458 KALOSANTHES, MANAGEMENT Of, 114 Kangaroo Vine, 511 Kcir, notes on, 550 Kidney Beans, preserving, 306 Ivinver seed farms, 252 Kitchen garden, seasonable work in, 42 Knowfleld Nurseries, 528 LABELS, LINCRUSTRA, 272 ; MR. Hibberd’s, 347 Laburnums, seeds poisoning swans, 570 ; planting in meadow, 591 Lachenalias, 528 Lacquer Tree of Japan, 310 Ladybirds, migration of, 290 Ltelia harpophylla, 9 ; mono- phyllum, 295 Lapagerias, propagating, 210 ; culture of, 494, 594 Lastrca montana coronnns, 129 Lawn improving, 397 ; in winter, 591 Leaves, skeletonising, 284 Lettuces— Hick’s Hardy Cos, 7 ; Green Unctuous and Paris Sugar, 39 ; Cooling’s new Cos, 101 ; 249 Libonia floribunda, 552 ; L. pen- rhosiensis, 594; culture of, 601 Lilies, treatment after flower¬ ing, 148 Lilium Thunbergianum cru- entum,38; L. pardalinum,53 ; L. giganteum, raising from seed, 71 ; L. auratum virgi¬ nal e, 82; culture of, 128; L. speciosum var. Melpomene, 183 ; potting, 211 ; auratum in borders, 215; Parryi,343 Lime, quantity for light soil and vine borders, 305 Linaria Cymbalaria, 243; vul¬ garis var. Peloria, 543; L. re¬ ticulata aurea purpurea, 568 Linum triginum culture, 572 Liverpool Show, 132 Llewelyn, death of Mr., 199 Lobelia cardinalis, 174, 207 Locusts, and cost of destroying in Cyprus, 453 Lonicera grata, 10; sempervi- rens minor, 147 London parks and gardens, 152 Lucas, death of Dr., 104 Luculia gratissima, 475; at Knowsley, 549 Luton Show, 77 Lygodium scandens, 523 Lytlirum salicaria, 105 MAGNESIA AS A MANURE, money value of, 225 ; phos¬ phate of, manurial value of, 341 Magnolia Campbelli, 454 Malva moschata major alba, 11 Mandcvilla suaveolens, 131 Manetti stocks, preventing suckers from, 45 ■Manure, the best, earth closets, 171 ; used at Longleat, 205 ; from earth closets, value of, 218 ; for Vines, 230 ; earth- closet, 244, 276 ; trials of “ Crown,” 381; Standen’s for Roses, 883 Manures, chemistry of, 298, 325 Manuring, spring v. autumn, 590 Marguerites, propagating, 384 Market gardening and fruit¬ growing, 178 ’ Masdevallias* Shuttleworthii and triangularis, 31 ; M.tovar- ensis, 451 Maxillaria picta, 531; M. nigres- cens, 592 Mealy bug, destroying, 46; de¬ stroying on Vines, 114 Measuring conical heaps, 21 Melons, supporting on trellises, 10 ; not setting, 21 ; setting aDd management of, 43, 45; setting, effects of bottom heat, 55; canker in, 250 ; Stamford Pet, certificated, 340; Sir Garnet Wolseley, 408 Mentmore, 478 Meteorological Society, 476 Mezereon, berries poisonous, 80 Michaelmas Daisies, notes on, 357 ; at Tottenham, 408 Mignonette, new varieties cer¬ tificated, 39 ; culture in pots, 49 Mildew on Peas, 348 Milton Abbey, 87 Mitchellia alba, 387 Monotropa uniflora, 501 Mormodes unicolor, 347 Moss, fertilised, for plants, 320 Musas, culture of in Fiji, 320 Mushrooms in Cucumber beds, 31 ; destroyed by fungus, 375 ; preparing manure for, gather¬ ing, 580 : growing in sphag¬ num, 596 Mushrooms for the million- inserting spawn, 50; soil for, 51; casing the beds, temperature, 97 ; effects of frost on, 98 ; covering the beds, 168 ; water¬ ing, salt for, cutting v. pull¬ ing, 169 ; retaining the stems, different grades and relative value of, 210 ; packing, 312 “ Musk Tree,” 396 Myrica Gale, 428 Myrtles, culture of, 124 NARCISSUS ALBICANS, 501, 505 Narcissuses for borders, 259 Nectarines— good varieties, 278 ; Lord Napier, 291; Lord Napier for forcing, the good varieties, 327 ; estimate of varieties, 336 ; Lord Napier, failure of, 343; notes on varieties, 371 Nepenthes Mastersiana, 274 Nepenthes, culture of, cutting down, 303 Neriums Sceur Agnes, Mons. Balaguier, and Madonni grandiflorum, 39 Newcastle Horticultural So¬ ciety’s finances, 428 Newington, death of Dr., 38 Nitrate of soda, use of, 430 Nitrates, prodtiction and loss of in soil, 41 Nomenclature of garden plants, 477 Norris Green, conservatory at, 475 Nurseries, notes in London at Christmas, 592, 593 Nympha’a candidissima, 32 OAK, DWARF, 39 Odontoglossums — O. Alexan¬ dra1, 55 ; notes on, 58 ; O. Rossii majus, 59 ; Pes- catorei Veitchii, Cervantesii decorum, and Halli nigrum, 107 ; notes on species, O. macu- latum, 193 ; O. crispum vars. Dormannianum, and IVilsoni, Alexandra virginalis, 454 ; O. Halli, 546, 570 Qinotheras, notes on, 101,130 Omphalodes verna, 29 ; O. Lu- Cilia, 52 Oneidiums, notes on, 587 ; O. Bogersii, 375 ; O. stelligerum, 82 Onions, 251; maggot, prevent¬ ing^! Oranges, culture of in Florida, 80; raising from seed, 574 ; grafting, 581 Orchard house, planting, 187 Orchids— in July, 35; hybrids flowering at' Chelsea, 57; pruning, 104 ; in August, 104 ; in September, 248 ; peat for, 249; sale of Dr. Paterson’s at Edinburgh, 272 ; liquid ma¬ nure for, 321 ; in October, 341 ; at Kew, 344 ; notes on 509 ; Australian, 409; in America, 452, 407 Origanum Sipyleum,488 Ornithogalum tliyrsoides, 347 Osmunda japonica corymbifera, 88 PALMS— select and useful, 327 ; number of flowers on, 574 Pansies, striking cuttings of, 91 ; Lord Waverley, 38 Papaver umbrosuin, 508 Paraffin injurious in sewage, 383 Parcels, revised rates by rail nnd post, 223 Parsley difficulties, 52 5 Peach Sea Eagle, 50; renovating trees, curing “yellows,” 167; for succession, 210 ; trees, treatment of old, 240 ; Royal George, 259; lifting trees, 270, 319, 368 ; shallow v. deep bor¬ ders for, 405; crop in Texas, 326 ; Hale’s Early, 327 ; esti¬ mate of varieties, 335 ; The Dyinond, 346, 428; for forcing and succession, 350; notes on varieties, 371; Dr. Hogg, 375; selection of, 602 Peaches and Nectarines for suc¬ cession, 65; notes on varieties, 384 ; cordon trees, 397 Peach-wall protector, 495 Pear-tree slug, 22; in New Zea¬ land, 39 Pears for walls and pyramids, stocks for, 837 ; heavy fruits of, 355 ; good late varieties, 396 cracking, 415 ; for the north, 424 ; weights of large, notes on continental varieties, 428, Soldat Laboureur and Marie Guisse, 453 ; selection of, 488; weight of Pitmaston Duchess, 500; weights of, 549 ; Jose¬ phine de Malincs, 560 ; Pit¬ maston Duchesse, weights of, 588; Prince Napoleon, 597 Peas— Lye’s Favourite, Tur¬ ner’s Emerald, Stratagem, and Alfred the Great, 39 ; Culverwell’s Giant Marrow, 57 ; trials and sug¬ gestions for at Chiswick, 74 ; varieties for continuous supply, 101 ; selection of, 144 ; Pride of the Market, 153 ; a cottager’s, new varieties, 170; Duke of Albany, 199 ; mildew on, 308, 400; General Garfield, 451 ; varieties of, 402 Pelargoniums, cutting down, 92; essay on, 127 ; good double Zonals, 11 ; double Zonal, Charles Darwin, 175; Ivy- leaved, Rossini, 177 ; good new Zonals, 306 ; Albert Crousse (Ivy-leaved) and Aglaia (Zonal^), 4.54 ; Madame Charles Komg, 547; double Zonals for winter, 571 Pentstemous at Swanlcy, 127 ; P. virgmale, 177 ; Mr. McFar- lane, 347 Perennials, hardy, for massing, nomenclature, 301 Pereskias, culture and grafting, 586 Pern c ttya mucronata, varieties, 347 Perry Hill Nurseries, 392 Pescatorea Vervaetii, 553 Petunias at Perry Hill, 127 ; Mrs. Dunnett, 129 ; Carter’s Em¬ press, 249 I’hacelia campanulata, 82 Phalamopsisviolacea Schrbderi, 129; P. violacea, 154; Esme¬ ralda, 347 ; at Wyucote, 548 Phosphate of magnesia, ^290 ; manurial value ot, 317, 361, 388 ; value Of, 406, 427 Phylloxera, extent of damage of, 105 Pliylloxerated districts v. plant importation, 4301 l’icotees Mrs. Rudd and Sarah Elizabeth, 343 Pigeons, canker in nnd remedy for, 400 Pines, temperature for, 402 ; culture of, 588 Pinks, some species of, 02 ; a plea for, 318; proposed show of, 371 ; Show, postponement of, 451 I’inus Lambertiann, 559 Pit for Gardenias, 530 Plagiarism, 99, 150 January ii, 1883. ] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. vii PINT’S CERTiFtCATED- Ac.-oulinium roseuin and Al¬ bum flore pleno, 553 ; Begonia gogoensis. 82 ; B. tuberous, A. F. Barron. 39 ; Car¬ nation Mary Morris, 183 ; Cattleya Whitei, 82 ; Com- parcttia nvicroplectron, 82 ; C. faleata vera, 82 : Chrysan¬ themum La Petite Marie, 38 ; Lord Wolscley, Crimson King, M. Desbreux, F. A. Davis, 454 ; Duchess of Albany, Ceres, 553 ; Cosmos bipinnatus parviflorus, 553 ; Croton aureo-marginatus, 38 ; Dayspring, 38 ; Thom¬ son!, 271 : Eyrei, 347 ; Cu- pressus Lawsoniana erecta alba, 347 ; Cypripedium Artliu- rianum, 317 ; Dahlia Gem, 82 ; Acquisition, Condor. Earl of ltavcnsworth, Evening Star, Gem, Hope, Senator, and White Star, 244 ; John Heusliaw, Christine, Ruby King, 255 ; Harrison Weir, Duchess of Albany, Nympho, Little Princess, Mabel, Little Duchess, White Star, Francis Fell, Cherry, Mrs. Burbidge, Mrs. Goldring, Pantaloons, Marguerite, Tyro, Yellow Gem, and Constance, 347 ; Davallia tenuifolia, 38 ; Gladi¬ olus, Ala, A. F. Barron, Bono, James Mefntosh,129; Gortetia Duchess of Albany, 38: G. Satin Rose, 129; Grammato- phyllum multiflorum, 82 ; Lastrea montana coronans, 129 ; Lathyrns Bronze Prince, 129 ; Lilium Thunbergianum erueutum, 38 ; L. auratum virginale, 82; L. speciosum, var. Melpomene, 183; Mor- modes unicolor, 347 ; Odon- toglossum Alexandra: vir- giuale, 454 ; O. erispum Dormannianum, 454 ; Onci- dium stelligernm, 82; Orni- tliogalum thyrsoides, 347 ; Os- munda japonica eorymbifera, 38; Pansy Lord Waverley, 38 : Pelargonium Aglaia, Albert Crousse, 454 ; l’entstemon Mr. McFarlane, 347 : Pernettya mucronata varieties, 347 ; Pes- catorei Vervaet.i,o53 ; Petunia Mrs. Duunett, 129; Phacelia campanulata, 82; Phahenop- sis Esmeralda, 847 ; Pleopeltis fossa, 3S; Renauthera matu- tina, 82 ; Rhododendron bal- samiflorum album and aureum, 38 ; Sir Beau¬ champ Seymour, 347 ; Sir Garnet Wolseley, 347 ; Rose Duchess of Connaught, 38 ; Earl of Pembroke, 347 ; Salvia Uoveyi, 454; Scolopendrium vulgaro erispum multifldum, 129; Tropajolum Empress cf India, 82; Tydtea Robert le Diable, 38; Vanda Hookeri, 235 Plants, choice herbaceous, 14 ; selection of tall perennial, 148 ; good for borders, 162 : hardy, llowering in August, 224 ; iu rooms, 259 ; for winter dowering, 289 ; for moist posi¬ tions, 311 ; acclimatising in Sicily, 388 ; culture of hardy, 453; renewing, 455; nomen¬ clature of, 498 ; in late vine¬ ries, 499 ; Mr. Garrett’s paper on winter-dowering, 526, 545 ; notes on decorative, 542 ; notes on watering, liquid manure for, 570 ; selection of useful dowering, 602 Pleiones, notes on, 821 Pleopeltis fossa, 38 Plumbago capensis, 331 Plums drying, leaves silvery, 22 ; for exhibition, 306 ; cul¬ ture of and varieties, 426 ; a double crop of, 427, 453; for market, oil; useful varieties of, 519 Polygala chamnbuxus, 49 Polypodium vulgare cornubi- ense Fowleri, erispum multi¬ fldum, 129 Pomegranates In London, 343 Poplars, Canadian, in Belgium, I Potatoes, late varieties of, 7 ; manuring, 12, 58; large crop of and manure used for, 77 ; cheap in London, White Elephant, 105 ; a good crop of, 125 ; early, 128 ; the Munster experiments with, 148 ; Fox’s Early, 150; raising from seed, 193; culture of sound, 220; White Elephant, heavy crop of, 223; wintering, 259: White Beauty of Hebron, 274, 29S ; International Show, 280 ; ex¬ hibition of seedlings at North¬ ampton, 292;earlyfor market, 331; produce of Magnum Bo- num, 334; twelve good varie¬ ties of, 381 ; notes on, crops in Ireland, 407; productive, 499 ; sowing in autumn, 414; pro¬ lific, 428; forcing, 434 ; plant¬ ing in autumn, 435 ; autumn v. springplanliug,497 ; Ameri¬ can crop, 504 Potatoes and Peas, 264 Potato starch, American pro¬ duction of, 519 Potting plants, 330 ; soils and manure for, 545 1’oultry — cross-brel for table, 48 ; in confinement profitable, unhealthy chickens, 94"; early chicken shows, 118 ; fattening fowls, 141, 165 ; fraud at the Warwick Show, fowl coops, 142; crooked tails, Hartford Show, 131 : notes, White Leghorns, 190 ; fattening for table, funnel-feeding, 214 ; late showing, 238, 2 >2 ; Carrier Pigeons, 232 ; notes, crossing Game fowls, Peacock moult¬ ing, 283 ; judging at shows, 309; shows and entry fees, 334 ; at the Dairy Show, 355 ; the Crystal Palace schedule, Poultry Club meeting, 353 ; productiveness of hens, “ Practical Poultry Breeder and Keeper,” 878 ; Bantam notes. 399 ; at Wolverhamp¬ ton Show, 400 ; spoiling the Dorking, 418, 438, 488; new Standard of Excellence, 418, 439 ; White Dorkings, 487 ; notes on varieties, 491 ; notes at the Birmingham Show, 514 ; Club Annual Report, 492; Club Meeting at Birming¬ ham, disqualification case, chicken vaccination, 540 ; Sunday shows, 561 ; ther¬ mostatic incubator, ovifer, egg-protector, sales at Bir¬ mingham, 562 ; choosing a Dorking Cock, 583; Poultry Club Meeting, withholding prizes at Dorking, Watford Show, 584 ; Mr. Cook’s poultry- yard, 603 Prescot, Cucumber and plant- culture at, 147 Primulas, old plants, grabs attacking, 91 ; at Swanley, 47 ; at Perry Hill and Reading, 593 Pritehardia nobitis, 408 Progress, reporting, 585 Propagating bedding plants, 219 Pyrethrums, double, 284 ; uiigi- nosum, 319 Quassia WATER, preparing, 45 Quinine, Columbian, 391 RABBIT WARREN, STOCKING, 286 Railway gardening, 452 Rainfall, extraordinary, 408 Ramondia pyrenaica. 13 Risonowia ornata, 178 Raspberries, summer-thinning, 114 ; canes dying, 138 ; culture, 274, 383 ; autumn-bearing, 308; in America, 405 Rats, trap for, 437 Regent’s Park, 228 Renanthera matuiina, 82 Review of book, “ Report on Ex¬ periments in the Cultivation of Potatoes,” 135 Rhododendrons, balsamiflorum aureum and rubrum, 38 ; balsamiflorum album, 82 ; double hybrids, 102 ; hirsu- tum, 179 ; Sir B. Seymour and Sir G. Wolseley, 347 | Rhubarb, Stott’s Monarch, 42 ; forcing, 4 i; waste of, uses, 221 Rhynchospennucn jasminoides, culture of, 130 Ribes opulifolium, 123 Rice paper, 179 Riohardiamthiopica, forcing, 391 Ringdoves, 23 Ripotagllte’s stoves, 413 Rockery, miking under glass, 416 ; in autumn, 471 Root-pruning, 278 Roses— proliferous, 5 ; among them at South Kensington, 25 ; Marechal Kiel, origin of, 32; Brunonii, 33 : best in the Show, 36 ; Duchess of Con¬ naught, 38; at New Orleans, 57; the “ Queen of Flowers,” origin of name, 67 ; conditions of proposed election, 73 ; at Waltham Cross, 81; at Wirral, 81 ; C nutesse do Serenye not expanding, 98 ; single for decoration, 104 ; notes on, 121 ; two-day shows, 125 ; a plea for standards, 170 ; the season of, a retrospect, 191 j on own roots, striking cuttings, 197 ; standards, 202 ; best for forc¬ ing, 211; Madame G. Luizet, 217; remarkable treeatWhit by 224; National Rose Society s catalogue of, 218 ; Madame Gabriel Luizet, 250; notes ou, 265; climbing varieties, 283 ; for buttonholes, 284, 315 ; at Canterbury, 288 ; at Ches- liuut,29L; for to wns, preparing soil for, 331; election of H.P. exhibition varieties, 337 ; the poll, 338; at autumn shows, 344 : Earl of Pembroke, 347 ; election, poll of Teas, 338; at Great Doods and Holmfels, 362 ; at Woodhatch, 363 ; National Show fixtures for 1883, 361; notes on new, 380; English and American elec¬ tions, 382 ; Rove d’Or, 391; soring v. autumn planting, 402 ; Rove d’Or, 409 ; for arches, 415 ; spring and autumn planting, 428, 443, 494; Hybrid Perpetuals in pots, planting in spring or autumn, 473 ; planting in heavy wet soil, 517 ; for exhioition, 536 ; from cuttings, experiments with, 544; synonymous varie¬ ties, 548; National Society’s annual meeting and report, 555 ; decline and canker of Mare'chal Niel, 563 ; spring and autumn planting, 572 ; oldest tree, 580 ; Tea-scented varieties for beds, 602 Rose shows— Alexandra Palace, 26; Birmingham, 73; Broek- liam, 40 ; Canterbury, 29 ; Car¬ diff, 54 ; Christleton, 56 ; Crystal Palace, 5 ; Darling¬ ton, 75 ; Farningham, 15 ; Helensburgh, 88 ; Hereford, 8 ; Hitchin, 17 ; Leek, 79; Maid¬ stone, 16 : Manchester, 52; Mansion House, 6 ; National (Bath), 11; National (Lon¬ don), 3 ; Oxford, 31; Reigate, 16; Sutton, 35; Wirral, CL Roup, 286 Royal Horticultural Society, Committee Meeting, 254 Rudbeckias— R. californica, 300 Sadler, death of mr„ sis Salvia farinosa, 127; S. tricolor, 153 S. Heeri, 348 ; at Kew, 334 Sand for propagating, 411 Sanguinaria canadensis, 16 Savoy, Sutton’s Green-curled, 525 Scabiosa caucasica,2ll Schizanthus, sowing, 272 Schizostylis coceinea, 385 Seakale-box, 511 ; forcing, 381 Seeds, collections and selections of, 173 : pries of selections and collections, 219 ; purchasers’ and vendors’ selections of, 515 Senecio japonicus, 37 ; S. pui- cher, culture of, 13.) Sericographis Ghiesbreghtiaua in vinery, 543 Sewage, petroleum in— a cau- | tion, 383 'Shallot, Suttons’ Giant, 429 Shallots at Chiswick, 39 Shelter for Currants, 215 Showing, perplexities of, 223 S/iotos — Agricultural Hill Du¬ ple neat, 46 ; Aylesbury Vege¬ table, 39L; Barn ird Castle, 193; Bath Floral Fete 42! ; Botani¬ cal (Royal) Society's, 18; Braeebriiige, 199 ; Brighton Autumn, 276 ; Croydon, 14; Crystal Palace Fruit, 25 L ; H iudsworth.,218 ; Harpanden, 220 ; H iwkhurst,69; Manches¬ ter Gooseberry (National), 14 i ; National Carnation and Picotee, 85; Newcastle, u>7; Newport, 12L ; Northampton, 296 ; Northeuden Floral So¬ ciety’s, 123 ; Preston, 241 ; Reading, 20J ; Royal Cale¬ donian Society’s Interna¬ tional at Edinburgh, 258 ; Sandy, 294 ; South Wales Horticultural, 2 18 ; Shrews¬ bury, 180 ; Sunderland, 194 ; Smithtield Club, 539 ; Taunton Deane, 150; Tooting Horticul¬ tural Society, 34 ; Tredegar, 516; Trowbridge, 196; Tun¬ bridge Wells, 30; West Kent, 34 ; West of Scotland So¬ ciety’s Pansy, 93 ; Wimbledon, 33 Shrubbery, effective plants in, 17 Shrubs, comparative hardiness of, 81 ; choice flowering, 103 ; planting, 287, 523 Silkworms and silkworm rear¬ ing, 63, 123, 182, 253, 203, 313, 411, 460, 507; Attaous Pernyi, 46 L ; Emperor Moth, 5)7 Snowdrops, culture of in Lin¬ colnshire, 76; in pots, 6)1 Soil, mites in, 67; influence of on maturing crops, 108 ; for potting, 323: temperatures of October to March, 423 Sonerilas, new, 498 Soot, constituents of, C7 Soya hispida, 25) Sp irmuunia africana, standards 1 of. 429 Special prizes for Cucumbers and Melons, 128 Spergula fllifera aurea, 312 Spigelia marilandica, 8 Spiraea japonica, disqualifying, 21 ; S. palmala, liardy, 45 ; S. Ulmaria flore-pleno, 51 ; S. japonica, 74; S. Liudleyana, 80 Spray-diffuser, 559 Spruce Firs dying, 283 Spruce-gall aphis, 278 Stakes, wire, for flowers, 34 Standen’s manure, 197, 349 Storm, effects of, 385 ; in Ire¬ land, 319 Strawberries— methods of cul¬ ture, mistakes, 1 ; raising plants, 2, 6; modes of culture, mistakes, 28; Forman’s Ex¬ celsior, 53; plantingin various soils, 57; preventing beetles eating, 102; notes on, 126, 455 ; Helena Gloedc, 138; culture of Hautbois, 188 ; and beetles, 217; in pots, autumn treat¬ ment, 314; notes on Alpines, 341; Duke of Edinburgh, 398, 424 ; ivintering in pots, 428; James Vick, 452 ; the best variety, 455 ; in December, 549; relative value of ,590 St. Vincent’s, Grantham, 157 Sunflower, the, 273 ; effective varieties of, 295 ; uses of, 488 Sussex manure and crop ex¬ periments, review of, HO Sweet Pea Bronze Prince, 129 TENTHREDO ADUMBRATA, 22 Thuias dying, 67 Thunbergia Harrisii, 396 Th waites, death of Dr., 364 “ Tillage of the Poor,” a ser¬ mon, 33 Tinnaea aatliiopiea, 570 Tobacco planters, distressed, 19 ) Todeas, large specimens of, 14 ! Tomatoes, Dedham Favourite and Criterion, 35 ; stopping, 64, 66 ; at Kensington, 127 ; Abundance, 150; for winter and spring, 229 ; notes on, the Oraugeflehl, 285; trap for insects, 344 ; in frames, 536 ; General Garfield, 548 Trees, a year's planting 'of. 205 ; planting, 287 ; extensive planting of iu Scotland, 320 Trenching, error in, L Triehoinanes radicals from spores, 38 1 Trillium*, notes on species, 527 Tropasolum Empress of India 82; Bedfont Rival, 177,391 Tuberoses, culture of, 45t Tulips for beds, 425 Turnips, trial of early, 0; pre¬ venting running, 09 ; and frost, 40 ) Tydica Robert le Dialde, 33; selectio.i from Chiswick trials, 1 78 ; Madame Heine, 525 VANDA IIOOKKRr, 255 Vegetable Marrow, Muir's, 04 protecting, 301 Vegetables for market at Re rid¬ ing, 33 ; sowing late crops, 78 ; Mr. Laxton’s novelties, 452 ; select varieties, 589 Vegetation in Ceylon and India, 159 Verbena Hampton Court Cri m- son, 79 ; Phlox, August Reuz, and Kentish Beauty, 177 ; from seed, 563 Veronica spicata, 159 Victoria Park, 228 Vinery, wiring, 211; amxteur’s, 364 Vines— best manure for, 8 ; at Longleat, disbudding and stopping, thinning, shanking, 26, 101, 120, 319 ; mildew, keep¬ ing the fruit, 27 ; notes on management of, 4); test for cropping, 67 ; review of Mr. Taylor’s notes on, 72 ; lifting, 89 ; ivhy, when, and how to manure, 95 ; alleged plagiarism, lid ; ma¬ nure for, 129 ; manuring, urine and sewage for, 151 ; Royal Vineyard a retarding stock, 157; applying liquid manure to, 187 ; culture, 207 ; evidence of good border, 211 : watering, 284 ; reno¬ vating old, 821; protecting borders, pruning, removing laterals from, 331 ; planting outside, 352 ; recipe for winter dressing and extirpating mealy bug, 365 ; at Longford Castle, 372, 386 ; in pots, shift¬ ing and planting out, 879 ; “ ringing,” 386 ; training, mildewed, 30 { ; in France, phylloxera effects of and era¬ dication, 400 ; planting, prun¬ ing, 488; starting, 508 ; dress¬ ing with tar, 547 ; inarching, reference to, 559 ; silica and iron for, 594 Viola, Carter’s Perpetual Blue, 593 Violets— Devoniensis, 153, 176 ; in frames, select varieties, 224 ; 1‘atrie, 289 ; Bello do Chatenay aud Queen de¬ formed, 306 ; successful cul¬ ture in frames, 380 ; notes on, 545 Virginian Stock Fairy Queen, 80 Yiscarias for pots, 310 WALKS, MAKING GAS-TARRED, 431 Walls, glass copings for, 119 Wasps, notes ou queens, 12; in¬ crease of, 151, 315 ; notes on, 372 Weather forecasts, 36 Weeds, destroying with car¬ bolic acid, 43) Willows, uses of, 337 Wilson’s, Mr. G. F., garden, 539 Wine, estimated production of, 4)9 Wine-growers, congress of, 387 Woman florists in America, 324 Woodbridge, promotion of Mr, at Svon, 83 Woollice, destroying, 235 Woods and forests, revenues of, 382 Worms, extirpating, 235 ZrGOPETALUM MACKAYT, 388 viii JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND. COTTAGE GARDENER. [ January 11, m s WOODCUTS. yEcidium berberidis . JEschynanthus speciosus . Apple — Pott’s Seedling . „ The Domino . „ The Washington . Araucaria Cookii, cone of . Arum crinitum and italicum . „ Dracunculus . Astrocaryum mexicanum, spathe and spadix Attacus Atlas . „ Mylitta, moth and cocoon . „ Pernyi, moth and cocoon . ,, Polyphemus, moth and caterpillar . , „ Yama Mai, caterpillars . ,, caterpillar and cocoon . , i, ,, caterpillar and moth . . , , Beckett House . Bees— queen, worker, and drone . Bomarea conferta . Chermes abietis . Chrysanthemum maximum . „ a specimen . Cosmos bipinnatus . „ diversifolius var. atro-sanguineus . . . . Culzean Castle . Cunninghamia sinensis . Currant, Black Champion . Dendrobium superbiens . Erica gracilis autumnalis . PAGE PAGE 369 Eryngium eburneum . 115 345 Eutoca viscida . 145 425 Exacum macranthum . 221 449 Fitzroya patagonica . 457 471 Funkia lancifolia albo-marginata . 45 457 Glazing, Bendle’s Acme System . 405 306 Harpalium rigidum . 227 307 Heckfleld Place . 433 573 Hives, floorboards . 41 123 ,, Neighbour's Prize Observatory . 209 63 „ sections of . 487 461 „ Straw Stewarton . 600 182 Impatiens Sultani . 75 349 Ingestre Hall . 366 293 Keir House . 551 254 Lachenalias pendula, Nelsoni, and luteola . 529 521 Laalia harpophvlla . . 9 535 Linaria vulgaris var. Peloria . 543 323 Mandevilla suaveolens . 131 278 Masdovallia Shuttleworthi and triangularis .... 31 251 Mentmore . 481 595 Mushrooms— Buttons, Cups, and Broilers . 217 265 „ Packing for Market . 313 381 » Pulling and Cutting . 169 389 Narcissus albicans . 505 554 Nepenthes Mastersiana . 275 203 Odontoglossum Alexandra; . 55 410 „ Cervantesi decorum and Halli 581 nigrum. . . 107 PAGE Odontoglossum cirrhosum . , . 197 „ maculatum . 193 „ Pescatorei Yeitchii . 103 „ Bossi var . 39 Oncidiums tigrinum and zobrinum . 587 Ovifer, an . 562 Peach Wall Protector . 495 Pear — Josephine de Malines . 565 „ Prince Napoleon . 597 Phalfenopsis violacea . 153 Bamondia pyrenaica . 13 Bhododendron balsamajflorum album . 83 „ hirsutum . 179 Bockery, plan of . 415 Bose, a proliferous . 5 Budbeckia califomica . 299 Saturnia Carpini . 507 Saxegotlisea conspicua . 457 Scabiosa caucasica . 241 Seakale Box . 511 Senecio japonicus . 37 Strawberry Duke of Edinburgh . 396 ,, Forman’s Excelsior . 53 Tenthredo adumbrata, perfect insect and larva 22 Traps for rats . 437 Vase, ornamental . 339 Veronica spicata . 159 Vinery for amateurs . 351 Wheat Mildew . 370 Wilson’s, Mr. Gr. F., garden . 589 July «, 1882.] JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 1 i 6th Tn Canterbury, Brockham, and Oxford Bose Shows. 7th F Tunbridge Wells, Sutton, and Twickenham Shows. 8th s Alexandra Palace Bose Show. 9th SUN 6th Sunday after Trinity. 10th M Beeston Show. [11a.m. Christleton Bose Show. 11th Tu Boyal Horticultural Society, Fruit and Floral Committees at 12 th W Cardiff, Ealing, and Ipswich Shows. STRAWBERRIES— MODES OF CULTURE— MISTAKES. UCH has been written from time to time on the cultivation o£ this wholesome, delicious, and important fruit ; and much more will have to be written before everybody is satisfied, and before each would-be cultivator knows the pre¬ cise mode to adopt in planting and manage¬ ment for producing the finest possible crops. New cultivators are ever arising who have not of neces¬ sity the benefit of years of experience to guide them> and who are not infrequently bewildered rather than instructed by the differing practices that are detailed by a mul¬ titude of counsellors in the gardening press. Many cultivators have recommended the methods that have proved sound in their own practice, but have not been sufficiently explicit in describ¬ ing the surrounding circumstances, simple, perhaps, yet all-im¬ portant, that have contributed powerfully to the results that have been achieved ; hence the methods, however good in them¬ selves, may not be the best for all persons, soils, and districts. There are few, if any, systems of Strawberry culture that have been recommended in the Journal during the past thirty years that I have not tried with the object of testing their merits, and most of them have been good, but not all good alike, as it is not possible they could be under the great influence that the soil and seasons exercise on this crop. I have made mistakes in Strawberry culture, and seen mis¬ takes made by others, and in all these instances it was thought the injunctions of authorities had been acted on ; and so they had, but not intelligently. One instance will exemplify how necessary it is for writers to be explicit and readers attentive; so that they comprehend fully not only what a writer says in so many words, but what he intends to convey. After spending twenty years “ in the houses ” it fell to my lot to have the charge of a garden where the cultivation of fruit and vegetables was of greater moment than growing plants. I was thus of necessity weak where I ought to have been strong, but trusted to industry and perseverance to carry me through. I found the Strawberry crop good without being great. It satisfied my employer, but did not satisfy me. In endeavouring to produce something startling in the way of Strawberries I worked as I never worked before nor since in preparing the grounds for a new plantation. I read that strong and deep soil were necessary. Whatever differences were submitted as to the times and manner of plant¬ ing, and also in respect of varieties, there was no difference on the question of soil. “Strawberries like heavy soil, and it should be trenched 2 feet deep," was the sum of what I read, search where I would for information. Now the soil of the garden was neither strong nor deep. It had been tilled for half a century at least, but not deeper than a foot, and the surface 6oil was light. On digging deeper, however, it was found to almost approach to clay. What more natural than to conclude that nothing was needed but trenching ? “ Heavy soil trenched 2 feet deep ” kept ringing in my ears, and strong arms and a will to work impelled me to improve on the 2-feet trenching by going down half a foot deeper. The ground, then, was trenched 2£ feet deep. I delved cheerfully, and my employer looked on admiringly. We both expected grand re¬ sults, but both were bitterly disappointed. Only young men fresh from “ the houses " will need to ask, “ Why this failure ?” Old hands have already anticipated it, yet for the sake of the young and inexperienced the nature of the error must be pointed out. In all probability the ground had never been trenched before, and at least a foot of the soil brought to the surface had not been exposed to the air for a century — never since it was itself a portion of the surface, and had been covered deeper and deeper with increasing years. It was strong, adhesive, sterile, and in its sour inert state could neither grow Strawberries nor anything else. What ought to have been done as soon as the trenching was completed was to have trenched it over again ; yet if any old garden labourer had suggested such a course no doubt he would in a moment of youthful ardour have been con¬ sidered as belonging to the ancient order of antediluvians. The Strawberries were planted, watered, mulched, but grow they would not, and did not ; even weeds did not grow. Several of the plants died, others lingered, a few struggled as if deter¬ mined to surmount the obstacles that ignorance had created. The result of three great efforts — the reading, and working, and tending — was a Strawberry bed patchy, miserable, and a disgrace to the garden. Yet it was produced in the orthodox style taught by books of “strong soil trenched 2 feet deep." This was dearly bought experience, but it proved most valuable in after years. Others can now have it cheaper, as this Journal only costs 3 d., whereas spoiling that ground cost nearly £3. 1 know well now what ought to have been done with that plot of ground, but there are others who do not know how to proceed in such a case. Instead of trenching 2£ feet deep and bringing the strong poor soil to the surface, it ought to have been dug about 15 inches deep, not more, mixing the 3 inches of heavy fresh soil with the foot that was light, and incor¬ porating with the whole manure to improve its fertility. At the depth of 15 inches the soil — the subsoil, should have been well broken up and covered with a thick layer of manure or vegetable refuse, green or decayed, or both. Not half the time would have been spent that was wasted in trenching, while a ten times better crop of Strawberries would have followed. After the Strawberries the ground could have been turned over to a depth of say 20 inches, and the subsoil again broken ; next another great crop of something taken ; then, and not till then, could the trenching be safely done to the depth above indicated — 2 feet. Heavy crops would have been had in the meantime that would have more than paid for the work of steady improvement, and in the end a splendid piece of land would have been produced. This narration of a serious error and how it might have been avoided may be useful to some who may be on the eve of a Strawberry career. It is held strongly by some persons that Strawberries should never occupy ground for more than two years — that is to say, V No. 106.— Tol. V., Third Series. No. 1762.- VOL. LXVII1 ., Old Series I 2 JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ July 6, 18S2. that they should produce two crops and then be destroyed. Others say they may profitably remain on the ground for seven years, provided manure is added annually. Both systems may he right in certain soils and under judicious management, and it is a fact that both methods have been adopted with the best results. But it will never do to rely on the septennial system in light and rather dry soils, while it may be a costly mistake to rely on the biennial plan on cold strong lands. One such mistake may be mentioned. A garden which has been famed for its Strawberries for half a century, and the seven and even ten-year-old beds gave abundance for all comers, passed into the hands of a young gardener. Without thinking sufficiently he took runners after his first crop and destroyed most of the old beds. The result was, what was not known previously in the memory of man, a scarcity of Strawberries in that garden. By no attention that could be given could such bearing crops be produced the second as the third year, while the first year’s crop was invariably poor. Let, therefore, there be no hasty judgment in determining the method to pursue, but consider well the nature of the soil and circumstances in each case, and act accordingly. The lighter the soil is the deeper must it be for Strawberries, the firmer it must be made, and the less it must be dug between the plants. In some heavy soils Strawberries are much bene¬ fited by being forked amongst annually ; in others that are very light, to dig amongst the plants at all is a mistake. The nature of the soil, therefore, must always be taken into account when preparing for the cultivation of the crop in question. I have had to produce Strawberries in one of the driest localities in England, and in one of the wettest ; in soil not far removed from a blowing sand, and in strong clays ; and as a record of the systems pursued may be of some service I will endeavour to return to the subject in a future issue. — A Northern Gardener. I never experienced so much difficulty as last year in ob¬ taining sufficient runners early in the season, and this was entirely due to drought. Had not the plantation been tho¬ roughly soaked with water and at once mulched it would have been impossible to have obtained sufficient runners in time to make strong plants with bold well-ripened crowns, so desirable to yield a gocd crop of fruit in spring. Young plants planted especially for the purpose and the fruit kept oft' during the first season is by far the best way of securing abundance of clean early runners, and to rely for runners upon those plants that have to carry a crop of fruit is a great mistake. Some culti¬ vators place out forced plants, and rely upon them for runners, and even assert the crop of fruit from them the following season is both heavier and finer in size than young plants will produce. They even go further, and contend the planting of those that have been forced saves a year. To accomplish this ground must be purposely reserved for them, and thus some other valuable crop be lost. My experience is that when forced plants have been exhausted by bearing, even if they have been kept free from red spider, they cannot compete with young vigorous plants. When the system of making a plantation annually is prac¬ tised there is no occasion for ground to be retained purposely for them, as any early or second- early crop can be cleared off before it is necessary to plant the Strawberries. I have taken from a plot of ground a crop of early Potatoes, planted 3 feet apart, and then a crop of Osborn’s Broccoli planted between every two rows of Potatoes, the Strawberries being planted between the rows of Broccoli after the Potatoes were dug. The leaves of the Broccoli were shortened back slightly to pre¬ vent them injuring the Strawberries. Although the Broccoli crop was good and proved no detriment to the Strawberries, I shall not repeat the operation, because they grow rather too large. After the early crop, whether Potatoes or Peas, another crop may be taken from between the Strawberries of either dwarf Savoys, Coleworts, Lettuce, Endive, or Turnips for draw¬ ing late. Any of these can be planted when ready after the ground is clear, and the spaces left between them for the Strawberry plants. My practice is to make a new plantation every year, and to destroy one annually as soon as the fruit is gathered, relying for the following year’s supply of fruit upon those that have produced runners for pots. The ground from which the fruiting plants are cleared is afterwards planted with late Broccoli. The plants for this purpose are either pricked out in beds sufficiently far apart, or planted twice as thick as required between rows of Potatoes, lifting with a ball of earth every alternate plant. The Strawberry ground is not dug, a hole merely being made with a spade and the Broccoli carefully placed in, a good supply of water being given if the weather be dry, the ground afterwards being loosened with a fork. These plants gene¬ rally do not attain a large size, but are sturdy with hard stems, and in consequence resist severe weather much better than those of the same varieties planted earlier and on lighter ground. Early in spring the ground is manured and forked in amongst the plants, or failing this have one or two soakings of liquid manure. Such close cropping need not be followed where ground is plentiful, but no doubt many besides myself are compelled to make the most of the ground at their disposal. As soon as the Strawberry runners are layered for the spring supply in the sized pots in which they are to fruit, those for plant¬ ing should be commenced at once if any runners remain. They are layered in 5-inch pots, which we prefer to those of a smaller size. If the ground is not ready they do not dry so quickljq and are not so liable to become checked as those in small pots. The earlier they can be planted out the better, so that they be¬ come established before winter. When layered and planted out early they develope into strong fruiting plants, and are capable of carrying a heavy crop of fine fruit should it be desired. — W. Bardney. TWO CROPS OF CANTERBURY BELLS. Are there any plants that produce a finer effect in borders during June and July than well-grown examples of Canterbury Bells ? Are there any plants grown in pots more imposingly beautiful than these are for arranging in verandahs or in con¬ servatories ? If so, it would be interesting to know what they are. Canterbury Bells are no doubt beautiful enough, some may admit, but their attractiveness is of too short duration to give satisfaction. It is true that the plants, as they are generally grown, are transient, but nothing is more easy than to extend their beauty just as long again as is usual ; or, in other words, to produce two crops of flowers instead of one. For the last three weeks Canter¬ bury Bells have contributed more than any other flower to the attractiveness of my garden, and the blue, .white, and pink pyramids have been greatly admired. The flowers have now faded, but in another week the Diants will be more densely clothed than ever with their grand bell-shaped blooms. It is not the mere flowering that exhausts the plants, but the formation and maturation of seeds. If the faded flowers are promptly removed and the formation of seed pods prevented flowers will immediately form in the axils of the leaves in far greater numbers than before, and the plants will once again render the borders gay. It will be of great assistance to give the plants a heavy watering with liquid manure, as this will accelerate the growth of the second crop of flowers and increase their size. In order to have the finest plants — pyramids 3 to 4 feet high and 2 feet in diameter at the base — they must be raised early. My seedlings are ready for transplanting ; but good plants may be had by sowing now, at once, in pots or boxes covered with squares of glass to expedite germination and encourage early growth, subsequently transplanting in rich soil, or in pots to be plunged in ashes, and the plants to be treated as if they were Strawberries prepared for forcing. All the varieties are beautiful, the calycanthema forms — those with coloured calyxes — being more lasting than the others, and generally preferable for cultivation in pots for the conservatory or verandahs. They may be flowered in pots varying in size from 7 to 12 inches in diameter according to the positions the plants are to occupy. Every flower border should contain a number of these grand Campanulas. They are as easily raised as Cabbages, and decidedly amongst the most handsome of plants, hardy or tender, during their period of beauty — June and July. Well-grown Canterbury Bells ought to be grown in hundreds in the London parks, and the public would have something to see that would command admiration. If planted thinly in beds intended for subtropical plants they would not materially interfere with the planting of the latter, while the beds would have a vastly different appearance from what they have now. In order to show JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. July 6, 1882. 1 the effects of removing the faded flowers I send two sprays — one with the second crop of flowers advancing, the other with large seed pods and no flowers. — A Suburbanist. [The sprays confirm all that our correspondent has stated. A spray that had a terminal flower removed is producing eight flowers from the axils of the leaves as a second crop, while where the seed pods are permitted there are no signs of further flowers. We have long adopted the practice described with the same results as recorded.] THE NATIONAL ROSE SOCIETY. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. — JULY 4TH. T last the chief Exhibition of the above Society has been held at what may be termed the headquarters of national horticulture in this country, and it is not conceivable that a more appropriate place could have been found for the Exhibition. Neither would it be easy to find a more suitable position for showing the blooms to advantage than in the lengthy corridors that flank the conservatory, as ight is subdued just sufficiently to bring out the colours to advantage, and to maintain the fresh¬ ness of the blooms. The corridors with the conserva¬ tory are probably nearly half a mile in length, and they were filled on both sides from end to end with Roses. Thus the Show was of great magnitude, and on the whole the blooms were of great excellence. Some were small, a few rough, and a few weather-worn, but bright, fresh, and beautiful examples preponderated, and the Show was a success. The great disposition to render it what it was is apparent by the great number of entries neaily or quite five hundred ; but although it was not possible for all to be represented, still the competition was good in most classes, and in some severe. Mr. B. R. Cant was the victor of the day, as he not only secured the challenge trophy with his grand premier collection of seventy-two blooms, but also the silver medal for the best Hybrid Perpetual Rose in the Show with Madame Gabriel Luizet, a fresh and beautiful bloom ; and a similar award for the best Tea Rose with Souvenir d’Elise, the finest and most solid example that has perhaps ever been staged. The silver medal for the best Noisette Rose was awarded to Mr. J. Walker, with Triomphe de Rennes. Others, how¬ ever, must criticise at a future time, as we can do little more, at present than give characteristics of the stands, with the leading prizewinning varieties and the awards of the Judges. NURSERYMEN’S CLASSES. The principal class was that for seventy-two single trusses, in which some very handsome blooms were staged. Mr. B. R. Cant, Colchester, well won the chief honours (the Challenge Trophy and first prize) with fresh bright blooms of good substance. The varie¬ ties represented were the following : — Prince Arthur. John Hopper, Star of Waltham, La France, Sultan of Zanzibar, Emily Laxton, Victor Verdier, Mdlle. Bonnaire, Pierre Carot, Madame Eugbnie Verdier, Madame Victor Verdier, Marquise de Castellane, Mrs. Baker, Moirfi Fisher Holmes, Mons. Noman, Penelope Mayo, Devoniensis, Louis Van Houtte, Marguerite de St. Amand, Senateur Vaisse, Edouard Morren, Le Havre, Hippolyte Jamain, Camille Bernardin, Princess Beatrice, John S. Mill, Gloire de Vitry, A. K. Williams, Clotilde Rolland, Mons. E. Y. Teas, Madame Caroline Kuster, Ville de Lyon, General Jacqueminot, Madame F. Jamain, Souvenir de Mons. Boll, Rubens, Marie Baumann, Madame Marie Finger, Marie Rady, Louise Peyronny, Antoine Ducher, Souvenir d’un Ami, Madame Charles Wood, Madame Hippolyte Jamain, Duchess de Caylus, Coun¬ tess of Rosebery, Xavier Olibo, Franqois Michelon, Duke of Edin¬ burgh. Marquise de Mortemart, Madame Clemence Joigneaux, Mane Van Houtte, Comtesse d’Oxford, Madame Lacharme, Duke of Teck, Madame Lambard, Madame Ducher, Capitaine Christy, Duke of Wel¬ lington, Marshal Niel, Charles Lefebvre, Innocente Pirola, Expo¬ sition de Brie, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Etienne Levet, Egeria, Alfied Colomb, Baronne de Rothschild, Duke of Connaught, and Souvenir d’Elise of extraordinary quality. Messrs. Cranston & Co., Hereford, were second with a handsome 3 collection, including substantially the same varieties as those at the Hereford Show reported on another page. Messrs. Paul & Son, Ches- hunt, were third with fine blooms of similar varieties to those staged at the Crystal Palace. Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co., Torquay, were fourth with a strong collection. For thirty-six trebles the competition was also good. Messrs. Paul and Son were easily first with very handsome blooms, the following varieties being grandly represented: — Marie Baumann, Etienne Levet, Prince Arthur, Duchesse de Moray, A. K. Williams, Star of Waltham, Alfred Colomb, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Marie Finger, Marie Rady, Mons. E. Y. Teas, Marquise de Gibot, and Dr. Andry. Mr. B. R. Cant was second with large and in some cases very handsome blooms, amongst the latter being Le Havre, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Etienne Levet, Franqois Michelon, Alfred Colomb, and Souvenir d’Elise. Messrs. Cranston & Co. were third with blooms mostly of moderate size but superbly coloured, the finest being Le Havre, Beauty of Waltham, Marie Baumann, Sultan of Zanzibar, and Dr. Andry. Mr. C. Turner, Slough, was fourth with bright and neat blooms. For twenty-four trebles Messrs. Curtis, Sandford & Co., won chief honours with a beautiful collection, the blooms being of good size, excellent colour, and regular in form. The varieties best represented were Gbnbral Jacqueminot, Duchesse de Vallombrosa, Camille Ber- nardin, Comtesse de Serenye, Senateur Vaisse, Marie Baumann, Marie Rady, Lselia, Marie Verdier, A. K. Williams, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Magna Charta, Alfred Colomb, and Mons. E. Y. Teas. Mr. B. R. Cant was second with rather rougher blooms, La France, Ferdinand de Lesseps, Edouard Morren, Le Havre, and Marie Rady being the most notable. Messrs. Cranston & Co. were third, John Stuart Mill, Alfred Colomb, and A. K. Williams being the best blooms. For eighteen Teas or Noisettes, distinct, the premier award was secured by Mr. G. Prince, Market Street, Oxford, with a magnificent collection, comprising handsome blooms of Alba Rosea, Amazone, Adam, Souvenir de Madame Pernet, Rubens, Innocente Pirola, Anna Ollivier, Marcelin Rhoda, Mons. Furtado, Comtesse de Nadaillac, Marbchal Niel, Catherine Mermet, Jean Ducher, Souvenir d’un Ami, Devoniensis, Souvenir de Paul Neyron, Marie Van Houtte, and Souvenir d’Elise Vardon. The second place was secured by Messrs. James Mitchell