■■V5 7- JOURNAL 1/ OF I'lIK / NEW YORK BNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY Sexjotjcrt tcr i£utomoIcrj9[H[ in (Scncval V()Uii:iie XIII, 1905 INDITED I'.v Harrison (i. Dvak NEW YORK I'rKI.ISHF.D HV IHK SotlF.IA Quarter FY 1905 /95/<^^/ PfiESS OF THE NEW Era Printing Cokpauy Cancaster. Pa. Leadinc^ Articles in Vcjlumi-: XIII Class I, Hexapoda ; Order II, Coi,eopteka. Fall, H. C, On the Affinities of the Genus Tachycelhis, with Descrip- tions of New Species from the Western United States. 169 Powell, P. 15., The Development of the Wings of Beetles, and Studies of the Origin of the Wings of Insects .... 5 Roberts, C. H., The Distinctive Characters of the Eastern Species of the Genera Dytiscus and Cybister . . . .103 Schaeffer, C, Three New Species of the Genus Statira Latreille . .179 WlCKHAM, H. F., The North American Species of Cotalpa . . . i Class I, Hexapoda ; Order lY, Diptera. COQUILLETT, D. W. , New Nematocerous Diptera from North America . . 56 DvAR, H. G., A Synoptic Table of North American Mosquito Larvae . 22 Brief Notes on Mosquito Larvfe . . . .26, 107 Illustrations of the Abdominal Appendages of Certain Mosquitoes . . . . . . . 53, 185 A New Mosquito ....... 74 Knab, F., A Cheironomid Inhabitant of Sarracenia purpurea, Metri- ocnemus knabi Coq. ...... 69 SWENK, M. H., The North American Species of Cuterebra . . .181 iv Contents. Class I, Hkxapoda; Order V, I/KPIdoptera. DvAR, H. G., A Review of the Hespeiiidae of the United States . iii A New Oncocneinis . . . . . . .211 Fkdkrlev, H., Sound Produced by I.epidopterous Larvse . . .109 Smith, J. B., New Species of Noctuidee for 1905, No. 3 . . . 188 Class I, Hexapoda ; Order IX, He.miptera. HUENO, J. R. DE LA T. . A List of Hemiptera Occurring within Seventy Miles of New York . . . . . . . -29 The Genus Notonecta in America, North of Mexico . 143 Heidemann, O., A List of Capsids from the State of New York, with Description of a New Species .... 48 Class I, Hexapoda ; Order XI, Orthoptera. Cai'DEll, a. N., A New Species of the Locustid Genus Amblycorypha from Kansas . . . . . . .50 Two Interesting Mantids from the United States . . 82 Aplopus mayeri. New Species ..... 83 A New Bacunculus from Indiana . . . .212 Sxodgrass, R. E., The Coulee Cricket of ('entral Washington (Peranabus scabricoUis Thomas) . . . . . .74 Class III, Arachnida ; Order II, Araneida. Packard, A. S., Change in Color and Protective Coloration in a Flower- Spider, Misumena vatia Thorell .... 85 Editorials 51. 97, 213 Book Notices 216 Proceedings of the Society . . . .52, 99, 167, 217 Vol. XIII. No. I. JOUR N AL OF THE NEW YORK MARCH, 1005. iMlited l)v Hakkismx C. I)v\r. I'uhlic it ion Coti niiittec. (;HAKi,r.s W. Leng. Charles T. P.Rri '• Charlks Schaf.ffek Harrison V, DVAK Entomological Society I>evote^ to jEntomoloa^ in (Beneral. .,,.0 V'i '! Piablished Quarterly by the Society. LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITY. 1905. [Entered April 21. i904,at La caster. Pa., as second-class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894.] "HE NIW ERA PHINT, . UNC* -ev^'" COiMTENTS. Class Hexapoda, Order COLEOPTERA. The North American species of Cotalpa. By II. F. Wickham 1 The development of the wings of Beetles, and studies on the origin of wings. By 1'. B. PowKi.i '5 Class Hexapoda, Order DIPTERA. A synoptic table of North American mosquito larvae. By H. G. Dyar 22 Brief notes on mosquito larvae. By H. G. Dyar .26 Class Hexapoda, Order HEMIPTERA. A list of Hemiptera occurring within 70 miles of New York. By J. R. de la T(mRE BuENo ... 29 A list of Capsids from the state of New York, with description of a new species. By O. IIeidkmann 48 Class Hexapoda, Order ORTHOPTERA. A new species of Amblycorypha from Kansas. By A. N. Caudell 60 Editorial . . . . 51 Corrections to list of members 52 Proceedings of the Society 52 vJOURN AI^ Published quarterly by the Society at 41 North Queen St., Lancaster, Pa. , and New York City. All communications relating to the Journal should be sent to the editor, Dr. Harrison G. Dyar, U. S. National Mu- seum, Washington, D. C; all subscriptions to the Treasurer, Wm. T. Davis, 46 Stuyvfsant Pl-ace, New Brighton, Stateii Is., New York, and all books and pamphlets to the librarian, C. Schaeffer, Museum, Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, N. Y. Terms for suV)scription, ^2.00 per year, strictly in ad- vance. Please make all checks, money-orders, or drafts payable to NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Authors of each contribution to the Journal shall be entitled to 25 separates of such contribution without change of form. If a larger number be desired they will be supplied at cost provided notice is sent to the Editor befo e the page proof has been corrected. JOURNAL J}r\a ]9ork €lntoraoIogirHl Horipfg. Vol. XIII. MARCH, 1905. No. 1 Class I, HEXAPODA. Order II, COLEOPTERA. THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF COTALPA. By H. F. Wickham, Iowa City, Iowa. Six species of Cotalpa haYC thus far been described from the United States, and two from Central America. None are known to occur south of (ruatemala, nor does the genus appear in the Old World. Our species have been described at divers times, and while the genus has been tabulated twice by Dr. Horn, neither of his synopses is com- plete as to species and the discovery of a seventh form seems to indi- cate that a new table would not be out of place. It will be noticed that our species divide readily into two series, according to the punctuation of the pronotum and the presence or ab- sence of long hair on the upper surface of the body. This offers a con- venient and apparently natural basis for primary division, much more readily appreciable than the structure of the mandibles and of the mentum, though these points are extremely useful in separating the species in later analysis. In fact, the species of Cotalpa are more easily recognized by direct comparison than by description, the dif- ferences in form being difficult of exact verbal diagnosis. The fol- lowing scheme will serve for their recognition. A. Protliorax finely punctured, body al)ove not hairy. b. Head, pronotum and scutelluin distinctly metallic, under surface and legs also with metallic reflections. Elytra yellowish. c. Form more elongate. Outer edge of mandible nearly straight, inner apical angle with broad deflexed tooth, .8C-.90 in. consobrina Horn. 1 2 Journal Nfav York. Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. cc. Form robust, outer edge of mandible broadly rounded. Elytral puctuation fine, mostly well separated, .80-1.08 in. lanigera Linn. Elytral punctuation coarse and crowded, extensively confluent trans- versely, .68-. 75 in. subcribrata n. sp. bb. Yellowish or testaceous abjve, with no metallic lustre ; under surface piceous black, ,90-1.00 in. Jlavida Horn. AA. Prothorax very coarsely punctured, body above hairy. d. Prothorax very densely and confluently punctured, the hairs of this part very long, fine and abundant, .56-. 72 in. granicollis Hald. dd. Prothorax deeply and coarsely but not conspicuously confluently punctured. Larger (.85 in. ). Mentum deeply emarginate. punclicoUis Lee. Smaller (.52-. 62 in.). Mentum rather feebly emarginate. iirsina Horn. C. consohrina Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Sec, III, 187 1, p. 337. Readily distinguished at sight from our other glabrous species, by the more elongate form of the body. The original specimens came from Fort Whipple, Arizona, but it is now known from several other points in the southern part of that Territory. I have taken it in numbers at light in Phtjenix and Nogales, and in still greater abundance at Tucson, where it swarms about the arc-lights by the hundred. During the day I have met with it clinging to the smaller twigs of the " palo verde " on the hills near Tucson. C. lanigera Linnaeus, Systema Naturae (Edit. X), 1760, p. 350. This commoii species occurs from Kansas eastward and exhibits con- siderable variation in size and in punctuation ; the greater measure- ment cited in the table is taken from a specimen secured at Bayfield, Wisconsin, in which the sides of the prothorax are more rapidly and less arcuately narrowed behind than usual. This individual has the sides of the elytra subangulate, with a well marked tubercle in the angulation, like the females of C. flavida. Dr. Harris (Insects Injuri- ous to Vegetation, p. 25) says that C. lanigera attacks the leaves of the pear, elm, hickory, poplar and ])robably other trees. It is fre- quently attracted to lights. A curious variety of this species, with the label Prescott, Arizona, has been loaned me by Mr. Chas. Fuchs. While it has all the essen- tial characters of C. lanigera, it is colored in such a manner as to present a totally different appearance. The metallic lustre of the head and thorax is more pronounced, the pronotum broadly brownish at the sides ; the elytra are ornamented by a common brown sutural March, 1905.] WiCKHAM : COTALPA OF NORTH AMERICA. 3 Stripe, extending the entire length, narrower at apex and extending along the basal margins to the humeri where it is recurved, giving somewhat the appearance of a broad T. I propose for it the name Cotalpa tau. C. siibcribata n. sp. Form robust, as in C. lanigera. Above yellowish, head, pronotum and scutellum greenish with metallic reflec- tions, pronotal margin dark green. Head densely, confluently i)unc- tured in the region of the clypeal suture, the punctures growing sparser towards the occiput, which is smooth and polished. Clypeus slightly transversely convex, margin narrowly reflexed, angles broadly rojnded, front edge nearly straight, surface densely and somewhat confluently punctured. Mentum emarginate anteriorly, the lower face with two obtusely elevated ridges arising near the front angles and converging posteriorly. Terminal joint of maxillary palpi deeply impressed. Pronotum a little less than twice as broad as long, widest near the middle, base broader than apex, sides arcuate, not angulate, surface polished and with double punctuation ; the larger punctures are dis- tant and fairly uniformly distributed except near the sides, where they become crowded, the fine ones following the same general plan. The side margins thus acquire a rugulose appearance. Median line vague, visible only in certain lights. Scutellum green, rather coarsely punc- tured, more densely near the base. Elytra dull yellowish, not me- tallic, strongly, closely and subconfluently punctate over their entire surface. Body beneath dark green, shining, more or less metallic, thickly punctured and hairy, the middle of the abdomen less densely clothed than the rest. Legs yellow with metallic green reflections, tarsi darker. Length, .68-. 75 inch. This form is most nearly allied to C. hmigera Linn., but presents a very different appearance on account of the coarse and close punctu- ation of the elytra and the much smaller size. My specimens are all females, one of them showing the subangulate elytral margin with accompanying tubercle which is so well marked in C. flavida (and which occurs less frequently in C. lanigera) while in the other two this structure is wanting. Described from three specimens taken by Mr. Warren Knaus at Medora, Kansas, in July. In response to inquiry, Mr. Knaus writes me that all of his specimens from southwestern Kansas agree in the small size and strong punctuation so characteristic of this insect. C. flavida Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VH, 1878, p. 53. Of 4 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xiii. the size and general appearance of C. lanigera, but easily separated by the lack of metallic lustre and the much stouter legs. Described from specimens taken by Dr. Palmer, at St. George, Utah. I have since collected it at the same place, in June. A good series, taken on willows at Green River, Utah, by Professor Arthur G. Smith, is also in my cabinet. Mr. Fuchs has sent me one from Prescott, Arizona. C. granicollis Haldeman, Stansbury's Explorations and Surveys of Great Salt Lake, 1852, p. 374. The prothorax is brilliant green, and the extremely coarse, close, confluent punctuation gives it a scabrous appearance. The elytra are reddish brown, very hairy. Originally described from the valley of Great Salt Lake, but specimens are in my collection from northern Colorado, Nevada (Verdi), and Washington, (North Yakima). The Death Valley expedition took it in the Argus Mountains. C. puncticoUis LeConte, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 167, 1863, p. 78. Described from New Mexico, whence I have a specimen loaned by Mr. Fuchs. Mr. Liebeck has examined the series in the Horn collection, and writes that the set contains six specimens from Arizona, besides the presumptive type from New Mexico. Some of these specimens have the elytra dark while in the others they are greenish yellow. The prothorax is bright green. The thoracic punctures are umbilicate, of irregular size and closely placed, though not confluent to the extent seen in the preceding species, and the hairs are coarse and sparse. The hairs of the elytra are also coarse and easily re- moved ; they are arranged in comparatively regular series along the suture, the outer margin and the three discal costse. C. iirsiua Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, I, 1867, p. 16S. The smallest species of the genus, easily recognized by the deeply but not confluently punctured blue-black or greenish black prothorax and red- dish elytra. It is a plumper form than C. granicollis. Occurs at various points in California and the Peninsula. According to Profes- sor Fall, it flies by day and may sometimes be seen in quantities, clinging to cypress hedges. March, 1905.] PoWELL : WiNGS OF CERTAIN BEETLES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF WINGS OF CERTAIN BEETLES, AND SOME STUDIES OF THE ORIGIN OF THE WINGS OF INSECTS. By p. B. Powell. Stanford University, Calif. {^Continued from Vol. XII, page 24^.) The down\vard growth of the wing continues until early in the prepupal period, when it reaches the base of the leg bud, which pre- vents further growth in this direction (Figs. 8, 21). The wing now exists as a double-walled pad lying between the hypoderm and cuti- cle, extending downward and backward, as far as the base of the leg and with the basement membranes of the two layers usually closely pressed together, except at the places where tracheae have entered the wing, forming vein cavities. The nuclei of the two walls still lie at several different planes and the outer (upper) wall is somewhat the thicker, while the bases of the cells are abruptly narrowed and thread- like. The later stages in the development of the wings of T. plasto- gi-ap/ius and of D. valens are very much as have been described by various authors for the Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. With the begin- ning of the prepupal period the growth of the wing becomes acceler- ated. With the lengthening of the wing the nuclei begin to be drawn up into one row near the outer ends of the cells, while the cells them- selves become very much elongated and drawn out in places (Figs. 9, 10). Shortly before pupation this process becomes com])leted and the cells have the characteristic "fringed" appearance of the pupal hypodermis described by Verson (1904). The wing is now greatly wrinkled and folded, the vein cavities are greatly enlarged and filled with haemolymph and leucocytes, both of which also circulate in the spaces between the elongated cells. The basement membrane, which throughout the development of the wing is very thin and not easily discernable, becomes more or less degenerated during the prepupal period and in places the bases of the cells either end free (Fig. 19), or become fused and anastomosed with each other (Figs. 11, 22). Early in the last stage there is secreted all around the body, under- neath the dense outer chitin, an inner layer of soft spongy or stringy 6 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. chitin which takes a faint stain with hematoxylin. This chitin is especially pronounced around the wing buds, which it entirely sur- rounds, at first more or less completely filling the cavity between the wing and the hypodermis. (^) Formation of the Veins. — At about the beginning of the prepupal period, or shortly before, the vein cavities begin to be formed. Several branches arise from the trachea at the base of the wing and push into the wing pad, the two layers of the basement membrane separating as the trachea enters (Fig. 38). At the same time that the tracheae enter the wing the tracheoles uncoil and accom- pany the tracheae. This manner of the formation of the veins, which I have observed in T. plastograpJius and D. valens and also in Bnt chits sp. and the Pepper beetle, differs from the account of Tower, who found that the cavities were formed before the tracheae develop and enter the wing, whereas, so far as I have been able to observe, the development of the two is coincident. 3. The Tracheal System. According to Comstock and Needham, working on Hippodaniia ij-punctata, there are in the wings of Coleoptera, as has been so often shown to be the case in the Lepidoptera, two systems of tracheation, a temporary system of tracheoles, and the permanent wing tracheae, which develop after entering the wing a system of tracheoles of their own ; the temporary system of tracheoles being much less highly developed than in the Lepidoptera. The permanent tracheae enter the wing during the last larval stage, when the wing is well developed and at the beginning of its rapid extension. While they found the two distinct systems in the Coleoptera, they found that in wings developing externally like those of a dragon- fly, "the principal tracheae pass out very early into the wing bud, branching freely and forming by multitudinous terminal anastomoses a network of capillary tracheoles," no temporary tracheoles being found. They believe that the development of the latter is due to and depends on the confinement of the wing within narrow quarters inside the body and to its small size. Their observations on the Coleoptera were corroborated by the researches of Tower. I have found evidence leading me to the conclusion that there is no fundamental difference betw^een the development of the tracheoles and that of the tracheae, but that the two systems merge into one another. I will reserve this, however, for a later communication. March, 1905] Powell : Wings of Certain Beetles. T (a) The Tracheoles. — In all the larvae that I have examined there is from the very beginning a close connection between the wings and the tracheal system. Comstock and Needham found (in Hippodaynia ij-pinictahi) that the wing fundament had at first "no connection with or approximation to any trachea," this connection not occurring until the wing disc had invaginated well into the body, ap|)roaching a lateral tracheal trunk, and evagination had begun. Needham found that in Arouonycluts viilpeciihis the wing bud differed from the leg bud only in having no tracheae at or near its inner surface. I'his I think is an unusual condition and not to be found in many Coleoptera. In all the Coleopterous larvje examined by Tower (1903), even in the earliest stages the wing fundament received a distinct branch from the tracheal trunk; a similar condition was found in the bepidoptera by Mercer ( 1900). In the earliest stages of the wing, in T. plasJograpiius and D. valcns and in a Buprestid, even before the fundament becomes recog- nizable in some specimens, two branches extend from the tracheal trunk to the hypodermis at the place where the wing fundament is shortly to arise. Sections of larvae taken at this time show the tips of these tracheal branches abutting directly against the bases of the cells of the newly forming wing, the tracheal cells proliferating and spreading out over the inner face of the disc. A mass of cells is thus formed, the walls of which are either very thin or more or less de- generated and in this mass of cytoplasm and nuclei, forming tracheoles are to be seen (Figs. 2, 3, 23). In some cases (^T. plastograpkus^ the tip of the tracheal branch, when it touches the wing disc, ap- parently pierces the basement membrane (Fig. 5) and then spreads out directly against the bases of the cells of the disc as a mass of cells, in the cytoplasm of which tracheoles are developed as fine somewhat coiled tubes (Figs. 5, 6). In other specimens the basement mem- brane apparently degenerates so that the bases of the cells of the disc are free. I have seen this in D. valens (Fig. 23). Occasionally the tracheae push into the disc so that they are nearly surrounded by the cells of the latter (Fig. i). Fig. 5 {T. plastflgraphiis) is a section through the disc of the fore wing near its cephalic margin, just after the last moult and shows a tracheal branch pushing through the base- ment membrane and spreading out under it. My observations confirm those of Tower and Mercer that the tracheoles are formed from the cytoplasm of the tracheal cells and not 8 Journal New York Emtomological Society. [Voi.xiii. from their nuclei. The manner of development of the tracheoles is the same in all the beetles examined. Figs. 3 and 23 show an early stage in their development. From these figures it will be seen that they are formed as long curved and coiled tubes. As the cytoplasm of the tracheal cells becomes used up in their development, these tubes become looped around the nuclei and by the time that the wing is well evaginated the greater part of the cytoplasm of the cells has been used up and we find a mass of large tracheoles looped and coiled around the nuclei (Fig. 7), nearly every nucleus being closely en- folded by a tracheole. The tracheoles are present throughout the larval development of the wing and probably degenerate some, time during the pupal period. Fig. 17 shows a bundle of tracheoles extending into the base of a wing in the prepupal period. Figs. 13, 15 and 16 show tracheoles that have developed from the wing tracheae after their entrance into the wing. I have not observed the earliest stages of the formation of these secondary tracheoles, but it will be seen from these figures, which were drawn from the same wing as Fig. 17, that there is no difference in the structure of the primary and the secondary tracheoles. In fact the two cannot be distinguished when in the wing. The simplest condition of* the tracheoles was found by Tower to be in Cocci uclla bipiinctata, in which a i&w tubules developed from the tracheal trunk at irregular intervals, while the most specialized condi- tion was found in the Buprestidse. My observations confirm those of Tower that the most specialized condition of the tracheoles is to be found in the Buprestidse, but I find, however, that as in T. plasto- graphus and D. valeris, the tracheoles begin to develop as soon as the wing disc, and are fully formed, as a mass of tubes which are very small next the wing disc, becoming larger further out, by the time that the wing begins to evaginate (Fig. 19). The tracheoles in the Coleoptera are of a simpler type than is found in the Lepidoptera as described by Gonin (1894), Mercer (1900) and others. Mercer found the tracheoles beginning to develop during the fourth larval stage and becoming functional after the next moult, at the beginning of the last stage. In the Coleoptera, accord- ing to Tower, they do not begin to develop until the wing is well formed, during the last larval stage, becoming functional early in the prepupal period and without a moult. I have not been able abso- lutely to determine the time of their becoming functional in the bee- March, igos.J POWEI.I, : WiNGS OF CERTAIN BEETLES. 9 ties worked on, but it seems certain that they do so at an early stage in the development of the wing, probably at the moult preceding the evagination of the wing, and their main purpose is to supply the disc with an abundance of air at this important stage of its development. (b) The Trachea of the Wing. — Shortly before the beginning of the prepupal period, several branches arise from the main trachea and push into the wing, extending nearly to its margin. These are the permanent wing tracheae, and they are accompanied into the wing by the tracheoles, which begin to uncoil at this time. These tracheae correspond in number and general position to the veins of the pupal and adult wing, and their early development, taking place soon after the evagination of the wing begins, is similar to what occurs in the wings of Heterometabolous nymphs. According to Comstock and Needham, " in wings developing externally like those of a dragon-fly one sees the principal trachece passing very early out into the wing bud, branching freely and forming by multitudinous terminal anasto- moses a network of capillary tracheoles. In the beetle wing these fine tracheae and tracheoles follow rather closely the course of the vein cavities, and are most readily seen by an external examination of the wing just after pupation. III. The Origin of the Wings. The question of the origin of the wings of insects is one over which there has been much controversy. In all insects the wings first become recognizable as slight thickenings of the hypodermis in the pleural region near the place where the suture arises between the dorsum and the pleurum, but whether they have been modified from some other structure or have been developed as entirely new structures is uncertain. There have been three theories advanced to account for the origin of the wings of insects : 1. That they have been developed from tracheal gills. 2. That they have arisen as lateral outgrowths of the tergum or pleurum of their respective segments. 3. That they arise from degenerated spiracle discs of the nieso- and metathorax. The theory that the wings of insects have arisen from tracheal gills was first advanced by Gegenbauer and adopted by Lubbock and has since been advocated by Pratt (1897). This theory, of course, 10 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiil presupposes that the ancestors of the winged insects were aquatic forms and that still farther back in the line of descent the pregenitors of these atjuatic forms must have been terrestrial, in order to have evolved a tracheal system in the body, from which later, tracheal gills could be developed; as otherwise, if gills had been developed at all by these primitive insects they would certainly have been blood gills. But all the evidence points strongly to the supposition that the ancestors of the winged insects were terrestrial. It has been shown by Packard (1898) that tracheal gills are adaptive, secondary, tem- porary larval structures that do not ])ersist in the adult and "are not ancestral, primitive structures." Tower also rightly objects that there is no resemblance between the fundamental type of wing vena- tion, as established by Comstock and Needham, and the tracheation of any known tracheal gill, which should certainly be the case if the wings had been developed from any such structure. The second theory and the one to which it seems to me that all the present evidence points strongly is the one put forward by Graber (1867) and Muller (1875) and strongly supported by Pancritius (1884) and Packard (1898), that the wings have arisen as simple outgrowths or evaginations of the integument at the suture between the dorsum and the pleurum. After working on. the development of the wings in the Termites, Muller declared that the wings of insects have been derived from lateral continuatuons of the dorsal plates of their respective segments. I have shown that in the Coleoptera the wing arises on the pleurum, at or near the future position of the dorso-lateral suture, as a thickening of the body wall, which, in the simplest type, begins as a simple pushing outward and downward of this thickening (Fig. 4). In another paper I shall show exactly the same process in the begin- ning wing of the Neuropteron, Kaphidia sp. the wing developing as an outpushing of the thickened hypoderm at the lateral fold. In certain Hemiptera, sections of the early stages of which I have examined, it was evident that the wing developed as a simple pushing out and fold- ing of the body wall near the lateral suture. All this is in line with the conclusion of Packard (1898) that '' the wings are essentially simj^le dorsal outgrowths of the integument, being evaginations of the hypodermis," and of Comstock and Need- ham (1899) that the " wings arise as sack-like folds of the body wall at the point where the suture between the terguni and the pleurum March, 1905] Powell: Wings of Certain Beetles. 11 later develops. In most insects with an incomplete metamorphosis they are so directly continuous with the tergum and become so solidly chitinized with it that they have generally been interpreted as out- growths from its caudo-lateral margin." Muller (1875) ^^^ show that in Calotermes the wings arise on the meso- and on the metathorax in same position and cannot be distinguished in their early stages from the prominent lateral fold that develops on the prothorax. In every insect, both in the Holometabola and in the Heterome- tabola, in which the early stages of the wing development has been investigated, it has been found that the wing arises in a homologous position on the pleurum and that in the simplest types it develops as a simple outpushing of the hypodermis. In fact, in T. plastcn^rapluis and in D. valens in their early stages the wing discs are exactly like the leg discs and have a similar mass of tracheoles at their base. While it is not doubted but that the legs have been developed from folds or outpushings of the hypodermis, there is no more reason to believe that the wings have developed from spiracles or in some other circuitous manner than there is in the case of the legs. The third theory, which was advanced by Verson (1890, 1894), is that the wings develop from the discs of the degenerated spiracles of the meso- and metathorax. This theory has been strongly supported by Tower (1903). Wheeler (1889), working on a Chrysomelid beetle, Leptinotarsa lO-lineata, observed that during the development of the embryo, every segment of the thorax and abdomen develops a spiracular invag- ination, that these invaginations send off branches some of which unite to form the lateral tracheal trunk, that after the formation of the trunk the prothoracic spiracle closes over and disappears, which is also the case with the metathoracic sjMracle, while the mesothoracic spiracle is situated near the suture between the pro- and mesothorax "and in later stages often has the appearance of belonging to the first segment. ' ' These observations were confirmed by Tower, who makes the addi- tional statement that in the migration cephalad of the mesothoracic spiracle, "the spiracle alone migrates and the thickened area of the hypodermis remains and probably becomes the fundament of the elytron." He says that after the formation of the longitudinal tra- cheal trunks " the openings in the meso- and metathorax are rapidly cut off, leaving a disc-shaped mass of cells which have a somewhat concentric arrangement. The further stages in the degeneration of 12 Journal New York Entomological Societv, [Voi. xin. these spiracles I have not been able to observe. That this rudiment of the spiracle is converted into the imaginal disc of the wing seems probable, however, for the following reasons: (i) The disc of the wing always appears in exactly the same area as that in which the spiracle arose and degenerated, ( 2 ) the wing disc frequently shows a concentric arrangement of the cells in early stages but loses this before invagination to form the wing begins, (3) if the wing fundament is not derived from the remains of the spiracle, then, since the wing disc has the exact position occupied by the spiracle, the latter must entirely degenerate and be replaced by new hypodermis, and from this the wing must arise. There is, however, absolutely no ground for belief in such a process and the only conclusion that seems at all tenable is that the wing fundament is derived directly from the remains of the spiracle." Tower states farther that these spiracle discs are quite dis- tinct in the embryo shortly before hatching, but that soon after the larva emerges they either degenerate or subside into a quiescent period so that they are not recognizable from the surrounding hypodermis, but that after this period of rest, the cells begin to grow again and form the wing fundament. I shall present what, I think, is conclusive evidence that the wings do not arise from discs of degenerated spiracles, but which points strongly to the supposition that .the wings have originated as outpush- ings of the hypodermis at the suture between the pleurum and the ter- gum. I have found ( i) from the examination of a large number of spe- cies of Coleopterous larvae that the mesothoracic spiracle is present in many species and that in some of these it is functional, while in others the connection with the longitudinal tracheal trunk has more or less completely degenerated but that the spiracle itself is present though con- siderably smaller than the other spiracles and but lightly chitinized. (2) That in the larvae of some winged insects possessing both meso- and metathoracic spiracles these spiracles have not migrated forward to any appeciable extent, in some cases occupying exactly the same positions in their respective segments that the abdominal spiracles occupy in their segments. (3) That the wing fundament arises distinctly either above or below the positions occupied by the thoracic and abdominal spiracles. That is to say, the positions of the spiracles on the pleurae of their respective segments varies in different insects, being in some cases distinctly below the origin of the wing and in others distinctly March, 1905] Powell: Wings of Certain Beetles. 13 above the wings, and that they generally lie in the cephalic half of their segments, while the wing fimdament is centrally situated on its segment. (4) If it can be proven that in any winged insect the mesothoracic and nietathoracic spiracles are present and functional, it seems certain that the wings have originated independently of the spiracles and not from any spiracle disc, since it seems pretty hard to believe, as has been stated by Tower, to be the case with the meso- thoracic spiracle, that the spiracles migrate forward while the discs remain behind ; that is to say, the chitinized opening alone moves forward and new hypodermal cells become si)ecialized and take on the function of secreting the chitin of the spiracle, while the old cells (disc) remain behind and later develop into a wing. I. T]ie Spiracles. In the primitive insects, the ancestors of our present winged forms, a pair of spiracles was present in each of the three thoracic segments, as well as in each of the first nine abdominal segments. The i)resence or absence of certain of these spiracles and their position on the seg- ments has an important bearing on the theory of the origin of the wings from spiracle discs. While the prothoracic spiracle is present in the embryo, as has been shown by Wheeler, it entirely degenerates and is not known to be present in the larva or adult of any winged insect. In the Lepi- doptera however it is said to have been transformed into the spinneret. The mesothoracic spiracle is always present and open except in some aquatic larvas. This spiracle has often been called the pro- thoracic because it has often migrated into that segment, but that it is really the mesothoracic has been proved by Wheeler (1899), whose observations have been confirmed by Tower (1903). This is usually the largest of all the spiracles, but in the aquatic forms, many of the Odonata, Ephemerida and Diptera, this, as well as all the other spiracles of the body are closed or nonfunctional, reappearing as functional spiracles in the adult insect. In the larvse of many insects the nietathoracic spiracle has en- tirely degenerated, but this is by no means the rule. Among the Coleoptera it has been proved by Graber (1888) for Melolontha and Lina and for Doryphora by Wheeler (1899) that it is present in the embryo. They found however that this spiracle degenerated before the larva emerged from the egg. Complete degeneration however 14 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. does not always take place. A careful external examination will show, in the larva; of many beetles, that the metathoracic spiracle is present, though usually much smaller than the other spiracles and generally much less heavily chitinized, so that it is quite inconspicuous and easily overlooked and it is in many cases evidently closed or non-functional, at least during the larval state. I have found the metathoracic spiracle present in the larvae of a Trogositid, TJiymalus i/iarj^inico/lis {fii/gidus) (Fig. 25), of a Pyrochroid sp., of an Erotylid sp. (Fig. 26), in the larvae of several unknown Tenebrionidae, Carabidas and Cerambycidse. In the larvte of the Scolytids T. plastographus and D. valens (Figs. 32, 33) I have been unable to find the spiracle by external exami- nation, but cross-sections of the metathorax at the place where the spiracle should be show the spiracular branch extending out from the lateral tracheal trunk entirely through the hypodermis (Fig. 12) and they are probably functional. In the larva of Thymains marginicolUs the metathoracic spiracle can be plainly seen as a small oval disc with a slit in it and it is probably functional (Fig. 25). Breed (1903) has figured this spiracle in both the larva and the pupa of this beetle. In the larva of the Erotylid sp. (Fig. 26) this spiracle is even larger and though considerably smaller than the other spiracles is undoubtedly functional. In larvae that are light colored and not heavily chitinized, such as many of the wood borers, the tracheal system can usually be well brought out by clearing in cedar oil. Fig. 24 shows the lateral tracheal system of a larva thus prepared, of a Ptinid, Ozognathiis cor- niitus. It will be seen that under the metathoracic and each of the abdominal spiracles there is a tracheal center, that is, the group of tracheal branches which, in the embryo, arose from the end of each spiracular invagination and ramified in all directions. Although, on account of the small size of the larva, I could not make out with certainty a spiracular opening in the metathorax, there is a tracheal center under the spot where this spiracle should be, which is larger than any in the abdomen except the first and it is not probable that this would be the case if there were no functional opening. It will be seen that, while the mesothoracic spiracle has migrated forward into the suture, the tracheal center migrated with it, while the meta- thoracic tracheal center is distinctly in the metathorax and occupies nearly the same position in its segment as is occupied by the abdomi- nal centers in their segments. March, 1905.] Powell : Wings of Certain Beetles. 15 Among the Hymenoptera I have found the metathoracic spiracle present in the larvae of the honey bee, Apis mellifica, of a wood-bor- ing wasp and of an undetermined mud-wasp. In all cases this spira- cle is not to be distinguished from the other spiracles of the body, either in shape, size or position. I have also found vestiges of the metathoracic spiracle present in the larva of the silk-worm, Bombyx inori. In the Neuroptera I have found the metathoracic spiracle present and open(?), though small, in the larva oi Raphidia sp., and also in the pupa. There are numerous references in entomological literature to two pairs of thoracic spiracles. Among the Coleoptera both meso- and metathoracic have been recorded for the larva of Elmis (Parnidfe) and Lycits (Lampyridce) (Packard). In the Hymenoptera both pairs are present in the Aculeata and in the Siricidfe, though in the latter the metathoracic is sometimes closed. Both spiracles are also present in Apis and Hylotoina (Packard). Packard figures the larva of Bombus with a full-sized metathoracic spiracle and Bugnion has done the same for Encyrtiis fiiscicollis. Packard also figures a meso- as well as a meta- thoracic spiracle in a locust, Melanopliis femnr-ruhrum. Calvert (1893) has found that in all the adult Odonata the metathoracic spiracle is present and very distinct. In those insects, the larval stages of which are passed in the water and which develop tracheal gills (Odonata and Ephemerida), thoracic gills are present and open in the early larval stages, but later become closed (Packard). Both pairs of spiracles have been shown by various authors to be present in the Hemiptera. Among the Diptera both pairs are present in the larvse of Bibionidoe and Cecidomyidae (Miall and Hammond). Both pairs are present in the Termites. 2 . Tlie Position of the Tlioracic Spiracles and tlieir Reiation to tJie Wi7ig Discs. During embryonic life the spiracles are formed as invaginations on the pleurae of their respective segments at a point nearly midway between the middle of the segment and the suture in front of it. This embryonic position of the spiracles can be readily seen by reference to the figures of Graber (1891) who worked on the embryonic stages of the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Orthoptera and the figures of Wheeler (1889) for the Coleoptera. The mesothoracic spiracle often migrates 16 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii forward so that in the larva it lies in the suture or even in the pro- thorax. This is especially true of the I.e])idoptera. The metathoracic spiracle, when present, sometimes migrates forward as far as the suture, while the abdominal spiracles as a rule, remain very nearly in their embryonic positions. In the Coleoptera the mesothoracic spiracle usually lies in or near the suture between the pro- and mesothorax (Figs. 24, 25), but in many cases it is distinctly in the mesothorax and in some species there is little or no migration (Fig. 26). Its position corresponds very nearly to that of the mesothoracic (Figs. 25, 26), but I have never found it entirely in the mesothorax. The height at which the spiracles are situated on the pleurum is a little below the place where, later, the suture is formed between the dorsum and the pleurum and is always distinctly below the wing discs (Fig. 31). The latter arise near the future sutural line and are always centrally situated on their segments, while the spiracles lie in the front part. Their relative positions can be determined by certain muscles occurring in each segment. In certain Hymenoptera, however, the spiracles are situated at some distance above the wing discs. Vestiges of the metathoracic spiracle are to be found in the larvae of some Lepidoptera. An external examination of the silk-worm {B. iiiori ) will reveal the remains of this spiracle as a small, oval, faintly- chitinized ring, occupying a position on the pleurum of the meta- thorax near the suture between that segment and the mesothorax and in a position very nearly corresponding to that of the first abdominal spiracle on its segment, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 27 (drawn from a larva killed after the second moult and cleared in cedar oil). This shows the lateral tracheal system of the thoracic and first abdom- inal segment and the forming wing buds. It will be seen that the latter are centrally situated on the sides of their respective segments and dorsad of the longitudinal tracheal trunk. A small tracheal branch arising near the first abdominal spiracle pushes forward to the metathoracic wing disc, where it is met and joined by another small branch arising near the metathoracic spiracle. Two tracheae arising similarly, near the meso- and metathoracic spiracles respectively, join at the center of the mesothoracic wing disc (Fig. 27). These two tracheal branches probably give rise, the one to the radio-medial and the other to the costo-anal groups of wing tracheae. It is evident from the position of these wing discs that they have not arisen from any March, 1905.] Powell : Wings of Certain Beetles. 17 part of the spiracles. The metathoracic wing disc is not situated over the tracheal center of its segment, while the remains of the meta- thoracic spiracle does lie over this center. The mesothoracic spiracle has migrated forward into the prothorax, but it is evident that not only the opening but the sjjiracular disc, as well as the tracheal center have migrated forward. Moreover, the metathoracic spiracle has not migrated, or at least very slightly, as will be seen l)y comparing its position with that of the first abdominal spiracle ; so that it is not possible that either the meso- or metathoracic wing should have arisen from any part of a spiracle. While, among many of the orders of insects, the metathoracic spiracle is in a more or less vestigial condition, being either consider- able smaller, or entirely degenerated, it is to be found in the Hymen- optera, full sized and perfectly formed. In this order the positions of the wings and the spiracles in respect to one another are different from anything that I have found in any of the other orders. In the larva of the honey-bee {Apis niellifica') the metathoracic spiracle is as large as any of the other spiracles and cannot be distinguished from them in shape. The meso- and metathoracic spiracles and the ab- dominal as well occupy positions on the pleurum near the front margin of their respective segments, while the wings are centrally situated on their segments and arise considerably below the spiracles, as may be seen by reference to Figs. 28, 29. This is just the reverse of their position in the Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, in which, I have shown (Fig. 27), the wing discs are distinctly above a line drawn through the spiracles, while in Apis, the base of the wing bud is below the spiracles, at about one third the distance between them and the leg buds (Figs. 28, 29). This can be easily seen by an external ex- amination of the larva, as the wing and leg buds lie outside the hypo- dermis, next the cuticle and can be readily seen through it. The tracheal centers under each spiracle are greatly reduced, there being only a few small branches which soon break up into a fine network of small tracheae or tracheoles. We find in Apis, just as we did in the Silkworm, a small trachea running from the tracheal center behind each wing bud and meeting at the base of the bud a similar trachea coming from the tracheal center in front of the wing. I believe this will be found true of all winged insects, while from these two tracheae evidently develop, respectively, the two groups of wing trachea;. 18 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoL xiii. V. Conclusion. It has been shown in this paper that among the Coleoptera are to be found examples of the simplest type of wing development known to occur in the Holometabola, while this type differs from the de- velopment of the wings in the Heterometabola mainly in that it is held closely to the side of the body until pupation, and that in the Scolytidae and in certain Bruchid?e and Buprestidae, the development of the wing takes place without any preliminary invagination of the center of the disc or recession from the cuticle. It has been shown, also, that there is a distinct system of tracheoles developed at the base of the wing, the first appearance of which is coincident with the form- ing of the wing disc, and that these tracheoles cannot be distinguished from those that arise within the wing from the permanent tracheae, during the prepupal period. I have shown conclusively that the wings do not arise from any part of the spiracles of the mesothorax or metathorax, nor do the spir- acles and the wings arise from the same place on the pleurum, even in those insects in which the metathoracic spiracle degenerates. But that the spiracles arise in the embryo in a different position from that in which the wings arise, while in many insects the metathoracic spir- acle does not degenerate. In those insects possessing tracheal gills, these gills are developed in larval or pupal life and are temporary, adaptive structures that do not persist in the adult, while there is no evidence whatever to show that the wings have been derived from any such structure possessed by the ancestors of the winged insects. On the other hand, the only conclusion that seems at all reason- able, and the one to which the earliest stages in the formation of the wing in all insects seems to point, is, that the wings have been derived as lateral outgrowths or folds of the hypodermis of the pleurum or ter- gum, or both. Methods, In preparing the material for these investigations several different methods were tried. Among the fixing solutions, the best results were obtained with a saturated solution of corrosive sublimate in ten per cent, formalin, washed out with four per cent, formalin. Very good results were also obtained by the use of Tower's No. 3, the formula for which is as follows : March, 1905.] Powell: ^^'lNGS ok Certain Beetles. 19 Sat. sol. HgCl.j in 35 per cent, ale 60 vols. (JIacial acetic acid (99.5 per cent. ) ...10 " Platinic chloride 2 percent, sol. in aq. dest 30 " This can be used either warm or cold, while the material should be cut into as small pieces as possible. Out of a number of different stains tried, I selected Ehrlich's acid hcematoxylin as the best all round stain for the wings and other hypo- dermal tissues, though Delafield's hsematoxylin gave good results and iron haematoxylin worked well in some cases. Expl.-^nation of Plates XI-XVII, Vol. XII. All the figures used in this paper were outlined with a camera lucida and the de- tails put in with free hand. The figures are arranged dorsal side up, and the anterioi surface toward the reader. Abbreviations used in the figures : b, basement membrane. .5,, mesothoracic spiracle. c, head. s^, raetathoracic spiracle. ct^, old cuticle. i'.,, first abdominal spiracle. ct^, new cuticle. s^, last abdominal spiracle. f/3, secondary cuticle. set, seta. f.b, fat body. /;-, trachea. h, hypodermis. tr.cl, tracheal cells. h.sp, spur of hypodermis. tr'ol, tracheole. l.b, leg bud. tr'ol.ui, wing tracheole. le'cy^ leucocyte. tr.cr, tracheal center. l.tr, lateral tracheal trunk. icif, wing disc. ins, muscle. iv.b, wing bud. nc, nucleus. «>./, wing lumen. Fig. I. Tomicus plastographus. Just starting wing disc, showing trachece partly surrounded by cells of the disc. P>om cross-section of larva in the middle of the second stage. Fig. 2. T. plastographus. Not quite frontal sagittal section of wing disc, showing forming tracheoles at base of disc. From larva in middle of second stage. Fig. 3. T. plastographus. Wing disc, showing the pronounced folding and ridging of the cells. From cross section of larva just before second moult. Fig. 4. T. plastographus. Wing disc just beginning to evaginate. From cross section of larva soon after second moult. f^'g- 5- T' plastographus. Cross-section of wing near cephalic end, showing trachea pushing through basement membrane, the cells spreading out underneath it and tracheoles beginning to form. From larva just after second moult. Fig. 6. T. plastographus. Cross-section through middle of same wing from which Fig. 5 was taken, showing forming tracheoles and the bases of the cells beginning to elongate and separate. 20 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Fig. 7. T. plastographiis. Cross-section of wing well evaginated, showing thread-like bases of cells and tracheoles well developed. Fig. 8. T. plaslos;raphus. Cross-section of wing through a vein cavity, show- ing wing extending to base of leg bud. Fig. 9. T. plastographtis. Cross-section of wing, showing beginning of folding of wing and the pulling of the nuclei into one row. Tracheii; and tracheoles in the vein cavities. Fig. 10. T. plastographtis. Cross-section of part of wing from same larva as Fig. 9, showing elongated bases of cells and trache;ii and tracheoles in vein cavity. Fig. II. T. plastographus. Full grown wing, shortly before pupation. Fig. 12. T. plastographus. Cross-section through the metathoracic spiracle. (The cuticle was pulled away from the hypodermis during sectioning.) Fig. 13. 7; plastographus. Tracheole from full grown wing. Fig. 14. T. plastographus. Tracheoles formed around the nuclei, from base of wing just before second moult. Figs. 15 and 16. 1'. plastographus. Tracheoles from prepupal wing. Fig. 17. T. plastographus. Bundle of tracheoles entering wing. From larva in prepupal period. Fig. 18. Just starting wing disc of a Buprestid. Fig. 19. Wing disc just beginning to evaginate, showing great proliferation of tracheoles. From same Buprestid as Fig. 18. Fig. 20. Bruchus sp. Cross-section of wing well evaginated, showing trachea in vein cavity and the thick walls of the wing bud. Fig. 21. Bruchus sp. Wing at a later stage than Fig. 20. The basement membrane has nearly degenerated. Fig. 22. Dendroctonus valens. Full-grown wing shortly before pupation. P'ig. 23. D. valens. Forming wing disc, just before last moult, showing folding of the disc and the tracheoles at base. Fig. 24. Ozognathus cornutus. Lateral tracheal system from a larva cleared in cedar oil. Fig. 25. Thynialus marginicollis Chev. Lateral view of front part of body of a full-grown larva, showing metathoracic spiracle. Fig. 26. Lateral view of meso- and metathorax of a larva of an Erotylid, show- ing meso- and metathoracic spiracles and their positions. Fig. 27. BoDibyx mo7-i. Lateral view of larva just after second moult, cleared in cedar oil, showing lateral tracheal system of thorax, the vestiges of the metathoracic spiracle and the wing discs. Fig. 28. Apis iiiellifica. Lateral view of head, thorax and first abdominal seg- ment, showing the leg and wing buds as seen through the cuticle, and their relation to the spiracles. From larva one half grown, cleared in cedar oil. Fig. 29. Apis mellifua. Larva (prepupal period early) showing relative posi- tions of spiracles and wing buds, as seen through the cuticle. Fig. 30. From same larva as P'ig. 29. Ventral view showing wing and leg buds. Fig. 31. Tomicus plastographus. A not ([uite cross-section of a larva just be- fore last moult, showing hinder margin of metathoracic wing disc and part of first abdominal spiracular trunk, to illustrate the relative heights on the pleurum of the spiracles and wing discs. March, 1905.] PoWELL : WiNGS OF CERTAIN BEETLES. 21 Fig. 32. T. plastograpJnis. Full grown larva ; side view. Fig. T,},. Dendroctonus valens. Larva ; side view. Fig. 36. Dendroctonus valens. Cross-section of wing disc, showing an early stage of the evagination. Figs. 34, 35 and 37. Tomicus plastographiis. Early stages in the evagination of the wing. Fig. 38. T. plastogyaphtis. Cross-section of wing bud showing thread-like bases of the cells and a trachea pushing into the wing. From larva at about the be- ginning of the prepupal period. LITERATURE CITED. Breed, R. S. (1903.) The changes which occur in the muscles of a Beetle during metamorph., etc. From Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harv. Coll., pp. 1-386, 7 plates. Bugnion. (1891.) Recherches sur le development postem-bryonnaine, I'anatomie, et les mceurs de I'Encyrtus fuscicollis. Recueil. Zool. Suisse, v. 1091, pp. 435-534. 6 plates. Calvert, P. (1S97.) Catalog of Odonata in vicinity Philadelphia. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, v. 20, p. 162. Comstock & Needham. (1899.) The Wings of Insects. Amer. Nat., v. 33, No. 395- Gonin, J. (1894.) Recherches sur la metamorphose des Lepidopteres, etc. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sc. Nat., v. 30, No. 115, pp. 89-139, tab. 10-15. Graber, V. (1867.) Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte und Reproductionsfahigkeit der Orthopteren. S. B. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math. CI., v. 55, Alnh. 1. (1891.) Beitrage zur Yergleichenden Embryologie der Insecten. Der Denksehr, der Math. Naturwiss. Classe der Kaiserl., v. 58, pp. 1-66, 7 tabs. Kellogg, V. L. ( 1901. ) The histoblasts of the wings and legs of the giant cranefly, etc. Psyche, pp. 246-250. Kruger, E. (1899.) Uber die Entwickl. des Flugel der Insecten mit besond. Berucksichtigung der Deckflugel der Kafer. Biol. Ctrbl., v. 19, Nos. 23, 24, PP- 783-797- Malpighi, M. (1687.) Dissertalio epistolica de Bombyce. Opera omnia. Lugd. Bat. Mercer, W. F. (1900.) Development of wings of Lepidopt. Journ. N. Y. Entom. Soc, V 8, No. I, pp. 1-20, 4 plates. Miall & Hammond. (1900.) The Harlequin Fly. O.xford. Muller. (1S75.) Beitrage zur Kentness dei Terniiten. Jenaische Zeit. fur Natur- wiss, Bd. 9, Heft 2, p. 253. Needham. (1900.) The metamorph. of the Flag Weavil, etc. Biol. Bull., v. i, No. 4, pp. 1 79-191. Packard. (1898.) Te.\t-l)ook of Ent. Pratt, H. S. (1897.) Iinaginal discs in Insects. Psyche, v. 8, No. 250, pp. 15-30. 22 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. Tower, W. L. (1903.) The origin and develop, of wings of Coleoptera. Zool. [ahrb. Plates 14-20, v. 17, No. 3, 1903, pp. 517-570. Verson, E. (1887.) Der Ban der stigmen von liombyx mori. Zool. Anz., 1887, p. 561. (1890.) Der Schmetterlingsflugel und die sogen. Imaginalscheiljen derselben. Zool. Anz., V. 13, pp. 116-117. (1904). Evoluzione Postembryonale degli arti cefalici e toracali nel filugello. (Atti del Reale Instituto Veneto di scienze, lettre ed Arti). Anno acca- demico 1903-4, tomo 63, Part 2. Venezia. Weismann, A. (1864.) Die nacbembryonale Entwickl. der musciden, etc. Zeit. Wiss. Zool., V. 14, pp. 187-263, tab. 8-I4. (1866.) Die Metamorph. von Corethra plumicornis. Zeit. Wiss. Zool., v. 16, PP- 45-^3- Wheeler, W. M. (1889.) The Embryology of Blatta germanica and Doryphora decem-lineata. Journ. Morph., v. 3, No. 2, pp. 291-386, tab. 15-19. Complete bibliographies of the literature on wing development can be found in Packard's Text Book and Mercer's (1900) and Tower's ( 1903) papers. Class I, Hexapoda. Order IV, DIPTERA. A SYNOPTIC TABLE OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSQUITO LARV^. By Harrison G. Dyar, A.M., Ph.D., Washingtox, D. C. I have had this table in hand for over a year, but have been dis- suaded from printing it by Dr. Howard, who advised delay on the ground that new forms were continually being found. Now, however, we have at hand all the larvae of the known species of the Atlantic Coast region with the exception only of a few rare or doubtful forms, namely Ciilex nweitcvsis Coq. and C. onondagcnsis Felt, recently de- scribed, Anopheles uigripes Staeg., A. bifiircatus Linn, and Culex sqi/a?/iigcr Coq., of doubtful or recently recorded occurrence and Culex hirsiiteron Theob. and C. testaceus Wulp., of doubtful identity. There are a number of Western species still unknown in the larva, while the West Lidies and Mexico as well as the Arctic regions are largely unexplored. Still, as the table seems likely to be useful in its present form for the Eastern United States, it is herewith presented. March. 7905.] DvAR : NORTH AmF.RICAN MoSQUlTO LaRV.K. *2.'i 1. Mouth hairs in a pair of pencils folded outward and liooked at ti]) ; larvje predaceous 2. Mouth hairs diffusely tufted, folded inward, not hooked ; larva- not wholly preda- ceous, feeding on vejjetable matter 3. 2. Lateral comb of the eighth sc<^ment a patch of spines Psorop/tora ciliata. Psorophora ho7uardii.. A lateral plate on the eighth segment Megarhintis portoricensis.- Megarhmus rutihis.- 3. Air tube short, sessile, larvre floating at surface of water 4. Air tube longer than wide ; larv?e floating below surface 7.. 4. Teeth of comb of equal length Anopheles barberi.. Teeth of comb of two sizes, long and short 5- 5. Teeth of the lateral comb with large branches within Cellia aibipcs. Teeth of the comb with fine, obscure pectination only 6. 6. Secondary teeth of the comb less than half as long as the primary ones. Anopheles crucians. Anopheles viaculipenm> . Secondary teeth of the comb over half as long as the primary ones. Anopheles pitnctipennis ^ Anopheles franciscanns. 7. Air tube linear on its outer half, armed with hooks Taniorhynchus perturbans^ Air tube conical, fusiform or straight, regularly tapered 8. 8. Abdominal hairs short stellate tufts; body pilose Howanlina walkeri. Hairs of the first two abdominal segments long, the rest short, stellate. Uranotccnia sapphirina. Uranolienia socialis. Uranotcenia loewii. Abdominal hairs long, subequal, diminishing gradually posteriorly 9. 9. No ventral brush ; anal processes two, dilated Wycoinyia sniilJtii. Ventral brush present 10. 10. Anal processes two ; tube short with row of hair tufts ; antenna! tuft outward'.. (.(/. Bahamas).. Anal processes four or none ; not two 11. 11. Air tube short, 3X^0'' less, or if longer with but a single hair tuft ; antennall tuft at the middle of the joint without set-oft 12.. Air tube long, 4 X I or over, with usually many hair tufts beyond the pecten ;■ antennas with the terminal portion slender, the tuft usually beyond the middle 49. 12. Antennae bent S-shaped, swollen without, two of the stout terminal hairs removed towards the base Culex discolor^ Antennce slightly swollen, narrowed at outer two thirds beyond the tuft, white- basally Culex aurifer.. Antennae with the tuft at the middle of the uniformly shaped joint 13, 13. Seventh abdominal segment with a large dorsal plate Culex signifer. Seventh segment without a plate 14. 14. Comb of eighth segment of few spines in a single or partly double row 15. Comb of many spines in three or more rows 29. 24 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. 15. Anal segment ringed ; ventral tufts to the base ; tube inflated 16. Without this combination of characters ; tube not inflated 19. 16. Antennae long ; anal segment long and slender 17. Antenna; moderate ; anal segment short, wider than long 18. 17. Comb of the eighth segment of six or seven subefitchii.-\ Lateral hairs single ; teeth only a little detached G7-ahha»tia vittata. 41. Air tube long, slender, about 4 X ^ 42. Air tube short, stout, 3 X ^ or less...; 43. 42. Tube scarcely 4X1; tracheae broad, not angled Culex canlans. Tube over 4 X ^ ; trachere narrow, angled Culex fitchii. 43. Spines of comb thorn-sTiaped 44. Spines of comb thick with feathered tips Culex lazarensis. 44. Anal segment almost completely ringed, tufts to base ; tube 2 X I- ■ Culex (cslivalis. Anal segment distinctly not ringed ; tufts scarcely to base; tube 3 X it 45- 45. Brush moderate, tufts short-stemmed, chitin mostly brown 46. Brush large, long stemmed, chitin mostly blackish Culex pullatus. 46. Head with black lunate spots Culex cnttfator.' Head without such spots 47. 47. Comb scales with apical spine longer but not stouter than the subapical ones. Culex canadensis. Comb scales with apical spine stout and distinct, fringed by the smaller ones. Culex pretans. 48. Tuft of tube within the pecten ; anal processes unspotted Culex atropalpus. Tuft of tube beyond the pecten ; anal processes spotted Culex varipalpus. 49. Antennal tuft at the middle of the joint Culex restuans. Antennal tuft beyond the middle of the joint 50. 50. Anal segment with tufts before the barred area Culex dyari. * G. sollicitans and C. trivittatus are very difficult to separate. Compare Smith's figures, Ent. News, xv, pi. ix, 1904, and Bull. N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta., 171, pi. v, 1904. The former figure should be corrected by striking out the little tufts Reced- ing the barred area on the anal seg:r.ent in Fig. 6. t Synonym, C. sip/ionalis CJrossbeck. 26 Journal New York. Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Anal segment without tufts before the barred area 51. 51. Comb of the eighth segment a row of bars 52. Comb of the eighth segment a patch of spines 53. 52. Bars in one single uniform row ; body glabrous Melanoconion mehinurns. Bars spine-like, in an irregular row ; body pilose Alelanocotiion a trains. 53. Tube very long, concave, the tip a little wider Culex territans. Tube long, but tapered to tip 54. 54. Antennae not white banded ; tube somewhat fusiform Culex ppicns. Antenn£E usually conspicuously white banded ; tube tapered 55. 55. Tube longer, over four times as long as wide 56. 'J'ube shorter, four times as long as wide, not over Culex tarsalis. 56. Tufts of the tube scattered, fine, irregular Culex salinarius. Tufts of tube along middle of posterior margin only, rather l&rge... Culex secutor. BRIEF NOTES ON MOSQUITO LARVAE. By Harrison G. Dyar, A.M., Ph.D., Washington, U. C. Correction of the account of Culex consobrinus Desv. — I described this larva from specirnens sent by Messrs. Dupree and Mor- gan (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Sec, xi, 24, 1903), and expressed some doubt both there and at another time (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 39, note, 1904), whether the young larvae were correctly associated. We have lately received from Dr. Dupree a full set of specimens of all stages, and it shows that the first ones were wrongly associated. There is no such remarkable change as those specimens indicated. The eggs are laid in curved, boat-shaped masses, as in pipicns. The first-stage larvae have the antennae longer than the mouth brushes v/ith a single hair at the middle ; tube thick, about two and a half times as long as wide, with the outer half weakly infuscated, the pecten of four branched teeth with the usual tuft, composed of one hair, at about the middle of the pecten, very near the base of the tube. Anal segment with a dorsal plate and dorsal tuft of four hairs and one smaller side hair. Lateral comb of the eighth segment of five long, sharp spines. In stage ii the antennae are as long as the mouth brushes only, with a tuft at the middle ; the tuft of the air tube con- sists of two hairs, situated at the base of the posterior incision of the chitin, the pecten of seven branched teeth and two remote, longer, unbranched ones. The comb of the eighth segment is three rows March, 1905.] DVAR : NOTES ON MoSQUITO LaRV/E. 27 deep, the small spines with feathered tips. In stage iii the antennae are the same; the tuft on the tube consists of several hairs, is situated as before, opposite the middle of the branched pecten, which is fol- lowed by several long, hair-like pectinations. Anal segment with a, dorsal plate, several tufts before the barred area ; comb teeth of the eighth segment with feathered tips. In the fourth stage the hair-like pecten on the air-tube is increased and elongated, while the anal seg- ment becomes ringed by the plate. The antennae are not changed. Identity of Culex impiger Walk. — The form referred to by me under this name (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 37, 1904) has since been described as puUatus, while of the two forms referred to by Mr. Knab and myself (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 144, 1904), the first is piil- latus, the second trichurus. This leaves the larva of impiger unknown ; but I am glad to be able to adopt for it the one identified by Messrs. Felt and Young (Science, n. s., xx, 312, 1904), which Dr. Felt has kindly communicated to me. It closely resembles sylvestris, but dif- fers therefrom in the longer anal segment, the chitinous plate of which appears longer than wide from side view and is deeply incised laterally. Larva of Deinocerites cancer Theob. — We have received this larva from Kingston, Jamaica, through the kindness of Dr. M. Grab- ham. It has the general structure of Culex. The eyes are small but transverse, double ; antennae small, slender, uniform, with single hair tuft at the middle. Comb of the eighth segment a large patch of very small scales many rows deep, irregular in size and with divided tips. Air tube slender, four times as long as wide, a little tapered apically ; two rows of pecten of few teeth, followed by a single hair on each side, the pecten teeth strongly furcate. Anal segment ringed by the plate, a dorsal patch and a small ventral one before the brush well chitinized, the sides nearly colorless. Anal processes absent, replaced by an annular cushion which is weakly divided into halves. The larva is a very distinct one. Larva of Howardina walkeri Theoh. — This larva also was communicated to us by Dr. Grabham, from Anchona, Jamaica, 5,000 feet altitude. It is extremely characteristic, being of the Uranotccuia form with the characters accentuated. All the hair tufts, except the lateral thoracic and those of the anal segment, are of the stellate form, composed of numerous short hairs. The head is smooth, rounded; antennse short with hair at the middle. Abdominal segments, except in the intersegmental area, darkened by numerous small black spicules. 28 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Cotnb of the eighth segment a single row of long sharp spines united by chitin at the base. Air tube about twice as long as wide, slightly tapered, the long spine-like pecten running from the base to the apex, enclosing a fine hair tuft at the outer third. Anal segment triangular, short on ventral line, about four fifths encircled by the plate which is fringed with long spines behind. Ventral brush with a small plate of chitin on each side of the barred area. Anal processes four, slen- der, filiform, tapering to a point, about as long as the anal segment, not tracheate. Larva of Grabhamia curriei Coq. — This was collected by Miss Isabel McCracken at Stanford, Cal. and by Mr. O. A. Johannsen at Ithaca, N. Y. It is of the ordinary short-tubed Culex type, yet rather characteristic by the extremely short anal processes, which are mere slight protuberances, shorter than in sollicitans. The head is dark brown, spotted with blackish much as in cantator ; antennae small with tuft at the middle ; eyes large. Body hairs rather short, much as usual ; abdominal trachea wide, band-shaped. Air tube two and a half times as long as wide, the pecten long, spine-like, evenly set, without de- tached teeth, branched at base, followed by a hair tuft a little beyond the middle of the tube. Comb of the eighth segment of about 25 scales in a multiple row the single scales broad and divided at tip. Anal segment with dorsal plate reaching half way down the sides, irregular on its termen. Ventral brush with a few hairs before the barred area. Note on Culex cantator Coq. — The larvce occurred at Weeka- paug, R. I., mixed with sollicitans in the temporary salt pools on the marshes and also in fresh water grassy marshes a little further from the sea. Professor Smith's figure of the larva (Bull. 171, N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta. , pi. vii, 1904) brings out the main structural points, but is faulty in the representation of the anal segment, which is only about three fourths ringed by the plate, not completely so as there shown. Hibernation of Melanoconion melanurus Coq. — We were under the impression that this matter had gone on record, but such is evidently not the case, since Dr. Felt says recently (N. Y. State Mus., Bull. 79, 337, 1904) " the adult hibernating." This species is very peculiar in hibernating as the mature larva \ we know of no parallel case. Mr. Brakeley has demonstrated the fact beautifully. The large larvae in the pools in the late fall cannot be made to pupate but persist in hibernating. In the spring, however, after the ice is well melted they will pupate, though the larva is always deliberate about its trans- March, 1905.] BUENO : HeMIPTF.RA FoUND NEAR NeW YoKK. 29 formations. We believe that this species always hibernates as full grown larva and not in any other manner. Identity of Culex aheitchii Felt. — This is the form described as ^^ cantans I " by Mr. Knab and myself (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 143, 1904). What Dr. Felt calls cantans is a third form, figured as cantans by Dr. J. B. Smith and which we had not previously distin- guished. It will be found defined in the preceding table. The com- parison of European material is now more urgently needed than before. T^ARVA OF Melanoconion atratus Theob. — Mr. Theobald has published a photograph of this larva (Mon. Culic, III, pi. xvi, 1903), but the enlargement is insufficient to bring out any of the distinctive characters. I have received the species from New Orleans, from Dr. Dupree (through Dr. Howard). It belongs in the territans group and falls near iiie/a/ii/ri/s, but the spines of the comb are in a less reg- ular row than in that species, while the whole body is minutely pilose. Class I, Hexapoda. Order IX, HEMIPTERA. A LIST OF CERTAIN FAMILIES OF HEMIPTERA OCCURRING WITHIN SEVENTY MILES OF NEW YORK. By J. R. DE la Torre Bueno, New York, N. Y. ( Continued from Vol. XII, page 2^j. ) Family PENTATOMID^. In this family I follow the classification and nomenclature employed in the most recent American authoritative discussion of the group, " Annotated List of the Penta- tomidse Recorded from America North of Mexico," by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee. (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, No. i. Vol. xxx, 1904.) Subfamily Corlmel.t,nin.t;. Genus CORIMEL^NA White. C. unicolor de Beauvois [=^ /lelopioides Wolff =rt/rrt Amyot & Serville). Jamesburg, N. J., Augusts ! Newfoundland, N. J., May and July; Staten Id., N. v., Tune 12 and 23 ; West Hebron, N. Y., August; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. September 19 ; Westfield, N. J., July 7. 30 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi xiii. This is apparently the most abundant species in this vicinity. C. nitiduloides Wolff {^= hisUrouies Say). Newfoundland, N. J. Only one specimen, taken by Mr. Davis. This would seem to be a rare form hereabout. C. pulicaria Germar. Mosholu, N. v., July 8; Jamesburg, N. J., July 5 ; Lakehurst, N. J., July 12, Staten Id., N. Y., July 20; Westfield, N. J., July 16, 30, August 7. This is a very common and widespread species, and appears on all lists. Mr. Davis' specimens were originally determined as Coryinelicna lateralis, and so appear in the New Jersey list ; but this is a western form. The record for these specimens, therefore, is incorrect. Subfamily Scutellerin^e. This subfamily is not represented in I'rof. Smith's list. Genus TETYRA Fabricius." T. bipunctata Herrich-Schaeffer. Lakehurst, N. J., April 25 (Davis) May 5 and 28. This interesting form is found but not fre(|uently at Lakehurst, and is ordinarily taken by beating the pines. It is of interest, as it is a southern insect, and Lakehurst, in the Pine Barrens, is in all probability its extreme northern range. Genus AULACOSTETHUS Uhler. A. marmoratus Say. Lakehurst, N. J, April 30 and September 19 (Davis). This is of infrequent occurrence. Genus HOMCEMUS Dallas. H. aeneifrons Say. Hamilton Co., N. Y. (Davis) ; Westfield, N. J., July 2. This also is apparently quite rare. Genus EURYGASTER Laporte. E. alternatus Say. Hewitt, N. J., August; West Hebron, N. J., June and Septemljer (Davis). This seems to be more common and widespread than either of the preceding. Subfamily Graphosomin.^. Genus PODOPS Laporte. P. dubius de Beauvois. New Jersey, March (Davis). This specimen has in some degree the longer lateral pronotal processes men- tioned by Van Duzee. It is the specimen the record of which Prof. Smith credits to Mr. Davis, and was determined by Lr. Ashmead. March, 1905.] BUENO : HeMIPTERA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 81 P. cinctipes Say. New Jersey, March 23, 1 903. These specimens were taken under stones by Mr. A. C. Weeks. This is the common form in this locality, if indeed, the other one he actually found here. Subfamily Cydnin.«. Genus CYRTOMENUS Amyot & Serville. C. mirabilis Perty. Staten Id., August. This is the specimen recorded in Prof. Smith's list, and was determined by Dr. Ashmead. According to Van Duzee, this bug is strictly southern. Genus CYDNUS Fabricius {=z Microportts Uhler). C. (Microporus) obliquus Uhler. Aqueduct, N. Y., September 19 (Davis). According to Mr Van Duzee, this insect is southwestern, but nevertheless, the specimen mentioned was taken by Mr. Davis in the Long Island locality named. Genus PANG^US Stal. P. bilineatus Say. " N. J." (Davis), March 23. As Mr. Davis' collecting is limited practically to the area selected, it is fair to assume that he found it within the prescribed limits. The specimen mentioned is the only one I have seen, and was determined by Dr. Ashmead. Genus AMNESTUS Dallas. A. spinifrons Say. Staten Id., N. Y., May and June (Davis). Recorded in Smith's li.st, and determined by Dr. Ashmead. Genus SEHIRUS Amyot & Serville. (= Cnnt/iophorus Mulsant & Rey). S. cinctus de Beauvois. Hamilton Co., N. Y. (Davis). Subfamily Pentatomin.^. Some of the records, localities and dates in this subfamily are additional to my list of the Pentatomidae, in Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. , for December, 1903. Genus BROCHYMENA Amyot & Serville. B. arborea Say. Staten Id., N. Y., August 31, June II, September; Lakehurst, N. J., May 26, June, September 6. 32 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Not uncommon at Lakehurst, from which locality I have seen a number of s]ieci- mens, and has been taken occasionally in Staten Id. by Mr. Davis. B. quadripustulata Fabricius. Lakehurst, N. J., May 24 and September 4; Staten Id., N. V., June 30, July 13, and September 10 ; W. Hebron, N. Y., June. This has been taken by Mr. Davis on pine, according to the label on one of his specimens, and together with the preceding appears to be the most common form in this vicinity. B. annulata Fabricius. Lakehurst, N. J., June 26. Found rather rarely at Lakehurst, where it is taken by beating the pines. Genus PERIBALUS Mulsant & Rey. P. limbolarius Stal. Lakehurst, N. J., July 16 and September 6; Ramapo, N. V., May 31 ; Staten Id., N. Y., May 11 and June 14; Van Cortlandt Park, N. Y. , September 12, 1903. Genus TRICHOPEPLA Stal. T. semivittata Say. Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., July 26; Little P'alls, N. J., May; Staten Id., N. v., June 8, August 16, September 26, October 3 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y., Sep- tember 12 ; Mosholu, N. Y., October 3 ; Westfield, N. J., August 13, September 3. This insect is abundant wherever found. ftenus PENTATOMA Olivier. This genus is mentioned in Smith's List as Liodernia Uhler. P. (Lioderma) saucia Say. Staten Id., N. Y., April and September. These captures are by Mr. Davis, who has found it now and then. P. (Rhytidolomia) senilis Say. Staten Id., N. Y., April, July, September and October. This is locally the most abundant of the genus. P. (Chlorochroa) uhleri Stal. W. Hebron, N. Y., August. This is one of Mr. Davis' interesting specimens and was taken by Mr. C. W. Leng. Mr. Van Duzee gives it (1. c. ) as occurring in Colorado and the Rocky Mts, Possibly this is its extreme Eastern range. Genus MORMIDEA Amyot & Serville. M. lugens Fabricius. Jame.sburg, N. J., July 13; Perth Amboy, N. J., May 31 ; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Staten Id., N. Y., June and August ; Westfield, N. J., July 2. Very common and abundant in this vicinity, from early spring to late fall. March, igo5.] BUENO : HkMIPTERA FoUND NEAR NkW YoKK. 3o Genus CEBALUS Stal. 0. pugnax Fabricius. Anglesea, N. J., July 4 (Dr. E. G. Love). Genus EUSCHISTUS Dallas. This is liy far the best represented and most aliundant genus in the district under discussion. E. fissilis Uhler. Hewitt, N. J., July ; Janiesburg, N. J., July 5 and August 31 ; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Staten Id., N. V., May 3I, June il, September; W. Hebron, N. Y., August and September; Westlield, N. J., July 30, August 7 and September 3. E. servus Say. Jamesburg, N. J., July 5 ; .^taten Id., June and September, Rare. The identitication is by Dr. Ashmead. E. politus Uhler. Jamesburg, August 31 ; Lakehurst, N. J., October 6. A rather rare insect, apparently, taken by Mr. Davis in the localities mentioned. This appears in Dr. Smith's N. J. List as Podisus politus. E. tristigmus Say. Forest Pk., L. I., June 27 ; Ft. Montgomery, N. V., July 26 ; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Staten Id., X. V., June 12, October; W. Hebron, N. Y., August and September; Newfoundland, N. J., July and September; Mosholu, N. V., June 6 and October i ; Westfield, N. J., July 4 and August 7. This form is common in the grasses in moist or marshy meadows. E. variolarius de Beauvois. Jamesburg, N. J., June 22 and July 5 ; Lakehurst, N. J., June, July 12 ; Long Island, N. Y. , July 29 ; Mosholu, N. Y,, October 3 ; Newfoundland, N. J., May , Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31, Staten Id., N. Y., June 12 and 26, July 20, August 2, October 10 and 23 ; W. Hebron, N. Y., August and September ; Westfield, N. J., July 4 and August 7. This species, together •w'Vi^a. fissilis, with which it may be confounded, and with tristigmus, are locally the most common and abundant species. Genus CCENUS Dallas. C. delius Say. Staten Id., N. Y. , June 14 and September 2 ; Singac, N. J., September i W. Hebron, N. Y., August and September; Mosholu, N. Y., October I ; Westfield, N. J., July 16 and 30. Common in the area under discussion. Genus HYMENARCYS Amyot & Serville. H. nervosa Say. Staten Id., June 30 and August 2. 34 Journal Nf.w York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. GENUS MINEUS Stal. M. strigipes Herrich-Schaeffer. Westfield, N. J., July 4- Genus COSMOPEPLA Stal. C. carnifex Fabricius. Newfoundland, N. J., July 4 ; W. Hebron, N. V., June, August and September. This is a very common species. Genus MENECLES Stal. M. insertus Say. Sparta, N. J. This is the specimen recorded by Professor Smith. Genus THYANTA Stal. T. custator Fabricius. Brookville, N. J., July; Lakehurst, N. J., May I, June 26, July 12, September 14, October 9. This form is cpiite common in the pine barrens of New Jersey. Genus NEZARA Amyot & Serville. N. pennsylvanica DeGeer. Jamesburg, N. J., June 22 and July 5 ; Staten Id., N. Y. , February II. N. hilaris Say. Deal, N. J., May; Jamesburg, N. J., August 31; Ft. Montgomery, N. Y. July 26 ; Staten Id., N. Y., June, July, August 31 and October. The latter is the more common of the two species locally. Genus BANASA Stal. B. calva Say. Lakehurst, N. J., September 26. B. dimidiata Say. Lakehurst, N. J., October 20. Genus LIOTROPIS Uhler. L. humeralis Uhler. Lakehurst, N. J., September 6 ; Ft. Montgomery, N. Y.,.July 26. This is apparently a rather common insect in this vicinity, as it was taken in fair numbers by Mr. Davis on the dates cited. Subfamily Asopin/E. Genus STIRETRUS Laporte. S. anchorago Fabricius. Jamesburg, N. J., July 4, 1890. This is the only specimen I have ever seen from this locality, and is the one taken by Mr. Davis, which figures in Dr. Smith's N. J. list. March, 1905] BUENO : HeMII'TERA FoUND NEAR NeW York. 35 Genus PODISUS Herrich-Schaeffer. P. cynicus Say. Brookville, N. J., July; Hewitt, N. J., July ; Staten Id., N. Y., August. I have never taken this, and from Mr. Davis' few specimens, would conclude it is not abundant locally. In general, also, these individuals are smaller than examples from the South in my collection. P. maculiventris Say. fameshurg, N. |., July 5 ^'id August 31 ; Ft. Montgomery, N. V., July 26; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Staten Id., N. Y., March, June 12 and 27, August 2 October 26 ; W. Hebron, N. Y., August and September. This is the most common member of the genus in this vicinity. P. modestus Dallas. Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., May 31. This neat little species is apparently (juite raie within my limits, the specimen noted being taken by Mr. Davis. Subfamily Acanthosomin/E. Genus ACANTHOSOMA Curtis. A. lateralis Say. Staten Id., N. Y., April 19. Rarely found. This specimen was taken by Mr. Davis. Family COREID.^. This important family is well represented in some of its species, which are very abundant in this district. Genus CHARIESTERUS Laporte. C, antennator Fabricius. Jamesburg, N. J., July 5 ; Lakehurst, N. J., July 29. Apparently uncommon. I have taken none, and Mr. FMvis but two, in some years' collecting. Geous CORYNOCORIS Mayr. C. typhgeus Fabricius. Ft. Montgomery, N. J., July 27 ; Mosholu, N. Y., July 26 ; Staten Id., N. Y. June ; Westfield, N. J., July 4 and September 3. Genus ARCHIMERUS Burmeister. A. calcarator Fabricius. Forest Pk., L. I., N. Y., June 27; Ft. Lee, N. J., August 8; Ft, Mont gomery, N. Y., July 27 ; Mosholu, N. Y., May 29, June 13 and 22, July 25 and 26 October 4. This is a very common form, and can be found in the adult practically through the year. 36 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. Genus EUTHOCTA Mayr. E. galeator Fabricius. Mosholu, N. v., September 6 ; Newfoundland, N. J., July ; Staten Id., N. Y. , June and September. This is of rather infrequent occurrence. Genus METAPODIUS Westwood. M. terminalis Dallas. Mosholu, N. v., September 6; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Staten Id., N. Y., May 7 and 8, June 20, September 8. This also Ls'rather uncommon. In two years' collecting I have secured but one immature adult. Genus LEPTOGLOSSUS Guerin. L. oppositus Say. Staten Id., N. Y., October. This is the specimen credited to Mr. Davis in the N. J. List, and as it is the only one I have seen from this vicinity, it would seem to be quite rare. Genus ANASA Amyot & Serville. A. tristis DeGeer Jamesburg, N. J., June 22. I have taken none of this species, and Mr. Davis only the one as above, possibly because neither of us frequents squash vines. Genus ALYDUS Fabricius. This is the most abundant genus of the family; both as to species and individuals They are ordinarily to be found on bush-clover in the flowering season actively flying about. They make a rather loud noise with the wings, and in their flight resemble somewhat Hymenopterous insects. Alydits calcarator P'abr. ( ^ calcaratiis Uhl., not Linne), mentioned in the N. J. List, has been shown by Prof. A. L. Montandon ("Notes on American Hem. Het.," Proc. U. S. N. M., Yol. XYI, pp. 45-52, 1893) to be strictly European, and not to occur on this continent. The form identi- fied with this he described as new under the name Alydus conspersus Mont. A. eurinus Say. Forest Pk., L. I., N. Y., June 27 ; Hewitt, N. J., July; Jamesburg, N. J., July 5 and August 31 ; Mosholu, N. Y., May 29, June 20, 22 and 28, July 25, August 8, October 18; Newfoundland, N. J., September; Staten Id., N. Y., June 12, August 2, September 6, 8 and 20; Yan Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, August 15 and September 12 ; Westfield, N. J., August 7 and 13. This is very common and abundant. A. pilosulus Herrich-Schaeffer. Forest Pk , L. I., N. Y., June 27; Brookville, N. J., July; Jamesburg, N. J., June ; Mosholu, N. Y., June 22 and 28, July 19 ; Newfoundland, N. J., September ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, June 5, August 15, September 12 ; Westfield, N. J., July 9 and September 5. This form also is common, and occurs with the preceding in similar situations. March, 1905.] BUENO : He.MIPTERA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 37 A. quinquespinosus Say. ■ Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., July 27; Hewitt, N. J., July; Jamesburg, N. J., August 31 ; Mosholu, N. Y., June 13 and 20, July 12 and 25, August 8 and 23 ; Palisades, N. J., August 22; Staten Id., N. Y., September 8 and 10, August 31. This species is taken with the two preceding, but is not as abundant. A. coDspersus Montandon. Newfoundland, N. J., September, 1899. I have seen only this one specimen, determined by me, in the collection of Mr. Davis, and have taken none myself. Genus HARMOSTES Bunneister. H. reflexulus Stal. Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y., July 28; Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., July 26; Ramapo, N. Y., May 31 ; Lakehurst, N. J., September 5 ; Mosholu, N. Y., August 4, 7, 9 and 15, September 13 ; Westfield, N. J., July 9 and August 13. This is quite common. Genus CORIZUS Fallen. C. lateralis Say. Jamesburg, N. J., July 5 ; Lakehurst, N. J., May 26 and July 12 ; Newfound, land, N. J., May; Mosholu, N. Y., July 26 and August 8; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, September i and 13. This is another common form. Family BERYTID.E. Genus NEIDES Latreille. N. muticus Say. Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., July 26. Genus JALYSUS Stal. J. spinosus Say. New York City, October 21 ; Westfield, N. J., July 2. The first specimen is of interest, because it was captured in the window of one of the tall Broadway buildings, about 120 feet above the street. Family PYRRHOCORID.^. Genus LARGUS Hahn. L. succinctus Linnaeus. Lakehurst, N. Y., May 25 and September 19. (Davis.) This Hemipteron is very common in Lakehurst from May to September or later. Family ARADID.4t. In this family I have not yet succeeded in collecting many specimens personally, and for the local material in my collection, I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. 38 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Davis, who has generously filled gaps in my series, and therefore, most records belong to him. All the insects in this family from which the records credited by Prof Smith to Mr. Davis have been made, have passed under my eyes, and I make the comments necessary in their proper place. Genus ARADUS Fabricius. A. sequalis Say. W. Hebron, N. V., June. A. robustus Uhler. Ft. Montgomery, N. Y., May 31. A. similis Say. Slaten Id., N. Y., April 4. A. acutus Say. Lakehnrst, N. J., April 15. The two last named species, Prof. Smith has put in his list on the authority of Prof. Uhler' s Check List, and as fas as known to me, these are the first actual rec- ords of captures from the region treated of by Dr. Smith. A. cinnamomeus Panzer. Lakehurst, N. J., May I and 27 ; Staten Id., N. Y. , April 10. (This is the specimen named in Smith's List.) This form is very abundant in Lakehurst, on the pines, where Mr. Davis and I have taken it by beating, at different times. It occurs in three forms, wingless, with partly developed wings, and I have met with one fully winged individual. A. niger Stal. Lakehurst, April 14. This is another of Mr. Davis' fortunate captures, as it is a rather rare insect. This is an addition to the New Jersey list. A. lugubris Fallen. Staten Id. This is the specimen recorded by Dr. Smith in his list. In his enumeration he gives this species twice, the other record being under the synonym A. rectus Say. A. sp. Staten Id., April 10. This is the species given in the N. J. list as A. robustus Uhl., which it certainly is not, as it does not agree with Uhler' s original description. Genus NEUROCTENUS Stal. N. simplex Uhler. Jamesburg, N. J., June 22 ; Lakehurst, N. J., July 12 and 19 ; Westfield, N. J., June 19 and September 4. This species is recorded twice by Dr. Smith, the other time under the genus Brachyrhynchus, under which Uhler originally described it. March, 1905.] BUENO : HeMIPTERA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 39 Genus ANEURUS Curtis. A. politus Say. Staten Id. , June 26. A. septentrionalis Walker. Perth Amboy, N. J., May 31 ; Staten Id., May 12; We.slfield, N. J., August 14 and September 4. Tliis species and the preceding are new records from the area under discussion. The latter species appeared in the New Jersey list as Bi'achyrhyuchus simplex Uhl. Family PHYMATID.'E. Genus PHYMATA Latreille. P. erosa Linnaeus (= P. wolffii Stal). Lakthurst, N. J., July 29 and August 12; -Singac, N. J., September; Staten Id., N. v., April 9, August 2, 8 and 31, September 26, October 3 and 5 ; \V. Heb- ron, N. Y., August; Westfield, N. J., July 30 and August 21. P. sp. Ramapo, N. Y., May 16. One specimen only. This is a small species, about 6 mm. long, and entirely un- like the preceding in the shape of pronotum and dilated abdomen. In the absence of Dr. Handlirsch's monograph, I do not care to pronounce positively on its specific position. Family HYDROMETRID^. Genus HYDROMETRA Latreille {= Limnobatcs^wxm^\i.itx). H. martini Kirkaldy (= //. lincata Say). Staten Id., May 7 and 16, April li (Davis), September 26; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, April 11 and July 4 ; Westfield, N. J., June 19, July 3 and 9, September 11 ; Railway R., Cranford, N. J., August 27. American entomologists, following Burmeister and Stal, have always called tliis genus Liiimobates and the family Liiniiobatidic. Dr. Burmeister's facility for chang- ing names has given rise to great confusion in this respect, since the more recent European specialists ( Montandon, Ilorvath, Kirkaldy, Puton, et al. ) have correctly appreciated the synonymy, and liave shown that Latreille founded the genus on Hvdromctra stai^-itoriiui Linne, and that the family is therefore Hydrometridse, and the genus Hydronictra . I do not follow them in putting in the Gerrida: and Veliidie with it, for reasons not necessary to go into in detail, and consider these as separate families. The specific name, as Kirkaldy points out* cannot stand, as it is preoccu- pied by //. liiieata Eschsch., from Manila, so he has changed it to viartini. I/. Tiiariini is of retiring habits. In Staten Id., at the same pond, or rather, marsh, Mr. Davis and I have found it in numbers. We have taken together at least 150 specimens and let as many more escape. The females seem to be the more abundant in numbers. In all these, we have met with but two winged individuals, * The Entomologist, June, 1900, p. 176. 40 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. both male ; all the others being completely apterous. One specimen was taken by Mr. Davis in a plowed field, some distance from water. This Hemipteron overwinters in the adult form and begins oviposition early in May. How late it may continue, I am unable to say, as I have two females in an aquarium at this writing (July 15), and they are still ovipositing. The females recently arrived at the adult stage, which they do some time in early July from the spring ova, also oviposit at this time of year, so that it is quite possible that they are double brooded, the more so that the entire period of development from the ovum to the adult appears to take but little over six weeks, the moults being very rapid. I feed them flies — a staple breakfast food, with insects I rear — to which they take kindly, fastening their long rostra into the insect even before it ceases to struggle. It seems immaterial, however, that their prey should be fresh, as they appear to feed on dead insects as much as two or three days old. They run on the surface of the water with considerable swiftness, e.\aclly as if they were on a solid surface. Family GERRID.'E. In this family, nearly all of Stal's different genera become subgenera, according to Kirkaldy, who writes me that they are connected by intermediate forms, and in deference to his exhaustive knowledge of the subject, I so consider them in the fol- lowing, regarding them as subgenera of the genus Gerris. Genus GERRIS Latreille. G. (Hygrotrechus Stal) remigis Say. Lakehurst, N. J., May 30 ; Central Park, N. Y. City, April II ; Mosholu, N. Y., May 4 and October I ; Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Staten Id., N. Y., March 29 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. V. City, July 4; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 20 ; Westfield, N. J., July 4 and 16, August II. This is very abundant in running and sometimes on still waters, from early spring, as soon as the ice melts, till late fall. Winged individuals are rather rare. G. (Hygrotrechus) conformis Uhler. Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6. I have have taken only the two specimens recorded, both winged individuals. G. (Limnotrechus Stal) marginatus Say. Bronx, N. Y. City, September 30; Central Park, N. Y. City, March 22; Ft. Lee Dist., N. J., July 4 and 18, October 10; Lakehurst, N. J., May 23, 25 and 30 ; Staten Id., N. Y., March 29, May 7, August 16; Putnam Co., N. Y., Septem- ber 5 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, April 18 and 15, June 6, September 19 ; Oc- tober I ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 8. This is very common on still waters. I have found it especially abundant at Van Cortlandt in the early spring, on the lake, where it keeps close to the shore. It occurs in three forms, but 1 have rarely taken the wingless, the fully winged being the most common. G. (Limtiotrechus) sulcatus Uhler. Van Corllandi Pk., X. Y., October i. One specimen unl\' taken. March, 1905.] BUENO : HeMIPTF.RA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 41 G. (Limnotrechus) canaliculatus Say. Central Park, N. V. C'ity, March 22 ; Palisades, N. J., April 19; Putnam Co., N. v., Septembers; Staten Id., N. Y., May 7; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. V. City, March 28, April 25 and October i ; Westfield, N. J., June 20, August 13, Septem- ber 9 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 20. This differs from the preceding in its greater slenderness and longer and more slender antennre and legs. It is quite rare and is found in the three forms. How- ever, at Echo Lake I took quite a number in a little dark cove full of drift and twigs, among which they were hiding. The two last-named species are additional to the N. J. List. G. (Limnoporus StaL) rufoscutellatus Latreille. Ft. Lee Dist., N. Y., April 19, May 9, July iS, .'\ugust 9, September 7, Oc- tober 10 ; Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, June 6 ; Westfield, N. J., July 4. This abounds on the surface of the rock pools in the Palisades, where I have found it only in the macropterous form. Genus TREPOBATES Uhler ( = Stephania B. White). T. pictus Herrich-Schaeffer. Lakehurst, N. J., October 18 (Davis) ; Lake Mahopac, N. Y., September 5 ; Echo Lake, Westfield, N. J., September 2. The specimen from Lake Mahopac was taken among a great number of JMetro- bates hesperhis Uhl. At Echo Lake, however, it occurred in swarms, in several stages, near the water's edge, in company with Rheumatobates 7'ileyi. Not heretofore recorded from New Jersey. Genus RHEUMATOBATES Bergroth. This odd and interesting genus, in which the males are distinguished by their peculiarly formed prehensile antennte, was discovered a number of years ago by Dr. J. L. Zabriskie, in Long Island. It has not since, I believe, been recorded from this vicinity. R. rileyi Bergroth. Echo Lake, Westfield, N. J., September 2; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6, 20 and 27. This little bug is e.xtraordinarily abundant in both localities, more especially on the still waters of Echo Lake. On the river, it hugs the shores, and seeks the quiet waters of little coves. It was taken in several stages at both localities. Only one winged specimen was found, a male in cop., out of hundreds taken. Genus METROBATES Uhler. M. hesperius Uhler. Lake Mahopac, N. Y., September 5. This insect is exceedingly abundant on the lake, where myriads congregate, forming large black patches on the water near the shores. 42 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. Family VELIID.^. Genus MICROVELIA Westwood. M. americana Uhler {^-^ Hebms ar?rc-r}iani{s\j\\\tr). Central Park, N. Y. City, March 22; Ft. I.ee Dist., N. J-, May 28 and Sep- tember 7; Bronx, N. Y. City, September 30 ; Staten Id., N. Y., March 29; Rah- way R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 20 ; \Vestfield, N. J., July 4, 16, 30, August 13, September 2. I have placed this insect here, as it is evidently a Microvelia and not a true Hebriis. The generic characters do not agree with those given for the latter genus by Amyot & Serville. The Hemipteron is extraordinarily abundant under the banks of a little stream near Leonia, and this spring I found it on another little stream at Fort Lee. It appears to prefer running vvater. Out of a long series I obtained only one fully winged individual. In the N. J. List, Prof. Smith gives it from "Atlantic States" fide Uhler. In another little stream in Westfield, in a little bayed-in place and under the overhanging banks, took several more winged individ- uals. They were abundant in all the places cited, and rest usually on the shore or on floating logs at the water's edge, onto which they run on being alarmed, returning immediately to the shore. M. pulchella Westwood. Staten Id., May 5 and August 16. Ft. Lee, N. Y., July 18. I have taken but few specimens of this form, two of those taken this spring on Staten Id. being winged individuals. This species is lacustrine, and to be found running on Lcnina. I have also taken what are apparently three other species of the genus, one near M. amencana Uhl., and the other two near M. ptilchella Westw., but have not been able to determine them, due to absence of literature. Genus MESOVELIA Mulsant. M. mulsanti White ( = J/. Inngnata Uhler).* Ft. Lee Dist., N. J., August 20 and 22, September 7 and 18; Putnam Co., N. Y., Septembers; Staten Id., N. Y., August 16 and September 26; Van Cort- landt Pk., N. Y. City, August 15, September 19 and October I ; Westfield, N. J., June 26, July 3 and 9, September 2 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 27. This is very abundant on Lemna, in still waters. I have taken it in the three forms, fully winged, brachipterous, and apterous, the last being the most abundant. This is a most widespread bug. It is recorded from the greater part of the continent, the Antilles, and as far down as the Amazon River. In the Rahway River at Cran- ford and in general in that district, the winged form is much more abundant than I have seen it elsewhere. Genus RHAGOVELIA Mayr. R. obesa Uhler. Lakehurst, N. J., July 11, September 5 and October 18; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6, 20 and 27. * Champion, Biol. C. A., Rnynchota, Hem. Ilet., II, p. 123. March, 1905 ] BUENO : HeMIPTERA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 43 It is abundant in Lakehurst, where Mr. Davis took it. Very abundant in riffles and rapid portions of the current on the Rahway R., where it can be seen swimming against the stream in zigzags. Winged individuals were far from uncom- mon and generally congregated in the slackwater behind rocks projecting above the surface. I took them principally in these situations. Family GELASTODORID.E. (= Galgulidae olbn.~) A few words in explanation of this change are not amiss. The old familiar " Galgnlus" I.atr. has for many years been preoccupied in Aves, and since under the rule of priority it cannot be used, Kirkaldy has proposed the name Gelastocoris for the typical genus, thus changing the family name as well. This change has been adopted by authorities, notably by Champion in Biologia Centrali-Americana. Genus PELOGONUS Latreille. P. americanus Uhler. Staten Id. (Davis), Mosholu, N. V., May 29; Weslfield, N. J-, July 4 and 7. I have seen few specimens of this interesting little species, which links the Saldidae on the one hand with the Galgulidre on the other. The specimen from Staten Island is the one recorded in Dr. Smith's List. Genus GELASTOCORIS Kirkaldy fy=GalguIits Latr., preocc.*) G. oculatus Fabricius. Staten Id. (Davis). I have not seen this insect in this vicinity, and the only speci- men I am acquainted with from our region is the one in Mr. Davis' collection, which is also the one recorded by Prof. Smith. Family NAUCORID^. Genus PELOCORIS Stal. P. femoratus de Beauvois. Delair, N. J. ; Staten Id., N. Y., May 7 and 16, September 26, October 25 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, March 11 and 18, May 2, June 6, July 27 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 27. This is a widespread species, ranging from Massachusetts down through Mexico and into South America. It is abundant wherever present. Family BELOSTOMID^. In the " Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences," of Bucarest, Rumania, year IX, nos. 2 and 3, Prof. Montandon clears up the generic synonymy of this family, and shows that the type of Belostoiita Latr. is a Zaitha auctt., and therefore drops the latter generic name for the prior one, whence Zaitha is now known as Belostoiiia ; the old Belostoma not standing, he has proposed the name of Stal's subgenus Atnor- gius in its place. I have here accepted his conclusions and employ his nomenclature. * Kirkaldy, The Entomologist, 1897, p. 258. 44 Journal New York Entomological Society. lvoI.xih. Genus BELOSTOMA Latreille {= Zaitha v^vxci.). B. flumineum Say. Bronx, N. V. City, September 9; Forest Pk., L. I., N. Y., November 7 ; Pali- sades, N. J., August 20 and 22, September 7 ; Slaten Id., N. Y., August 16, Sep- tember 8 and 26, October 24 and 25 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, March 25 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 20. This is by far the most abundant member of the family, or at least, the most easily taken. It can be found in almost any muddy pond with abundant vegetation. B. testaceum Leidy. Delair, N. J. This is additional to the N. J. List, and was sent to me by Mr. W. P. Seal among a lot of aquatics he very kindly favored me with. B. sp. Delair, N. J. Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, March 28. This form I have found now and then, and have taken about three or four specimens all told. It is smaller and rounder than either of the two preceding, and I cannot satisfactorily identify it. Genus AMORGIUS Stal {=- Behsloma Auci.). A. americanum Leidy. Ft. Lee, N. J., April and September 18. A. obscurum Dufour. Ft. Lee, N. J., April and September iS. Mt. Vernon, N. Y., June 4. This name has been reduced to synonymy, and so appears in Prof. Uhler's " Check List." Prof. Montandon, however, rehabilitates it and shows that it repre- sents undeniably a good species.* This and the preceding I have taken in the last nymphal stage and allowed to come to maturity in my aquaria. This is the only way I have been able to get them, and except at electric lights, I doubt that it is easy to capture swift swimmers. The nymphs of both species differ from the adults, in addi- tion to the lack of wings and general undeveloped condition, in having the anterior tarsi biungulate. Genus BENACUS Stal. B. griseus Say. New York City, July 22. This is the only specimen I have taken of this insect. I found it flapping its wings under an electric light. Mr. Davis, however, has a good series from Staten Id. It appears to be much more abundant than Atnorgiiis. Family NEPID.F:. Genus NEPA Fabricius. N. apiculata Uhler. Staten Id., N. Y. (Davis). Mt. Vernon, N. Y. ; Westfield, N. J., July 16 and August 13. *" Hem. Met. Exotiques, Notes et Descr., II, Fam. Helostomidaj," Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. t., XL, pp. 508-520, 1896. March. 1905.] BUENO : HeMIPTERA FoUND NEAR New YoRK. 45 Although I have diligently sought this insect, I have not yet succeeded in taking the adult. I have seen only two specimens, the ones recorded above. This would appear to be very rare hereabout. Genus RANATRA Fabricius. R, fusca de Beauvois. Central Park, New York City. This is commonly given in the text-books as the common sjiecies in the East. I have, however, taken only the one specimen re- corded, and have seen no others from this vicinity. R. quadridentata Stal. Central Park, New York C'ity. March 12; Forest Pk., L. I., November 7 ; Ft. Lee, N. J., August 20 and 22, September 7 and 18 ; Putnam Co., N. V., .September 5 ; Van Cortlandt Pk., N. Y. City, March 25 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. ]., August 27. This form is by far the most abundant locally, as it seems to be throughout the United States, to judge from material received from many quarters. R. kirkaldyi Bueno. (Ms.). Putnam Co., N. Y. , September 5- This is a very small species, with shorter air-tubes in proportion to the body than either of the preceding. It will be described by me in a paper in preparation. I have taken only one specimen of this, but have a large series sent in by a collector. Family NOTONECTID^. Genus NOTONECTA Linnaeus N. undulata Say. Central Park, New York City, April 30 and March 11 and 12 ; Delair, N. J., September i ; Bronx, New York City, September 9 ; Forest Park, R. I., November 7 ; Palisades, N. J., March 2 and 7, April 19, May I and 9, July 18, August 9, September 7 and October 10 ; Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Staten Id., N. Y., August 16, September 26 and October 25 ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6 and 27 ; Ft. Lee Dist., N. J., September l8. This is by far the most abundant form throughout the United States and locally. It occurs in common with the other species of the genus, from the time the ice melts in spring until the late autumn. N. variabilis Fieber. Central Park, New York City, April 12; Delair, N. J., Lakehurst, N. J., May 23 and 26; Palisades, N. J., March 7, May 9, July 18, August 22, September 7 ; Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5; Staten Id., N. Y., May 7 and 16, August 16, September 26 ; Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, March 28, April 11, 18 and 25, June 6, July 4 and 25, August 8, November 4, and October I ; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 20 and 27 ; Westfield, N. J., July 4, 9 and 16; Fort Lee Dist., N. J., September 18. This is a good species, although Prof. Uhler has long been of the opinion that it is conspecific with the preceding species. It also is very abundant where found. It 46 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. is practically the only species to be taken at Van Cortlandt. Very rarely single specimens are found in company with Nolonecta undulala, and this is also true of the occurrence of the latter with the former. It is this insect that is recorded in Dr. Smith's list as N. aviericana, a bug that occurs only in the southern part of the coun- try. N. variabilis is omitted in the list mentioned. N. uhleri Kirkaldy. Palisades, N. J., May 5 ; Putnam Co., N. Y., September 5 ; Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, April 11, 18 and 25; Fort Lee Dist., N. J., May 14. This extremely beautiful crimson and black species, mentioned in my first notes on this family * as likely to occur in this vicinity, I myself had the pleasure of finding at Van Cortlandt Park, making the first published record of the species in this State, and indeed, the first mention of it outside of the type localities. My catch in the localities mentioned constitutes the majority of the specimens in collections. This is a very rare bug, but very readily separable from any other American species. N. irrorata Uhler. Delair, N. J., Bronx, New York City, September 30; Forest Park, R. I., November 7 ; Palisades, N. J., July 18, August 9 and 23, September 7 and 23, Oc- tober 10 ; Putnam Co., N. Y. , Septembers ; Staten Id., N. Y., August 2 and October 2 ; Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, April II, 18 and 25, June 6 and July 25 ; Railway R., Cranford, N. J., August 6, 20 and 27 ; Fort Lee Dist., N. J., .Septem- ber 18 and October 22. This bug is not uncommon in dark waters, hiding among stems and roots grow- ing in the water. N. insulata Kirby. Delair, N. J.; Palisades, N. J., INL^y i, August 9 and 23; Staten Id., N. Y. , September 26. This species is not very abundant. It may at times be found in company with N. irrorata, but ordinarily it seems to seek clear cold pools, where the water is deep Genus ANISOPS Spinola. A. elegans Fieber. Palisades, N. J., September 7 ; -Staten Id., .September 26; Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, July 25 ; Rah way R., Cranford, N. J., August 27 ; Fort Lee Dist., N. J., September 18 and October 22. This is rather rare in this vicinity and may be found floating in the shallower waters of ponds, near the edges, among the weeds. A. sp. (? albidiis Champion). Delair, N. J. ; Staten Island, N. Y., September 8 and 26, October 25, Novem- ber II. This is the species erroneously identified by me as Anisops platycnemis in my paper cited above. At the time this identification was made, I did not possess Fieber' s * " NotonectidfE of the Vicinity of New York," Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Vol. X, no. 4, December, 1902. March, 1905.] BuENO : HeMIPI'ERA FoUND NEAR NeW YoRK. 47 " Rhynchotographieen," where the species in question is described. Anisopi phitycneinis is small, about 5 mm. long, while this bug is 7 to 8 mm., and, according to Fieber's description, approaches the preceding. This species is the most abund- ant in this vicinity. Genus PLEA Leach. P. striola Fieber. Staten Id., N.' Y., May 7 and 16, and September 26 ; Van Cortlandt Park, New York City, April II, 18 and 25, September 13 and 19; Rahway R., Cranford, N. J., August 27 ; Westfield, N. J., July 16 and August 13. 'Jliis small bug is abundant from early spring until late fall, hiding among the fine- leaved aquatic plants and algae, where it swims about in quest of its food, crawling on the stems and among the matted fibers. As far as I have been able to observe, this Hemipteron is a vegetable feeder. In conclusion, for the information of those of my readers who have not collected about New York, I will give a few notes on the localities. Central Park, of course, is the well-known pleasure ground of New York City, right in the heart of it. There is a little lake at about 1 00th street and the west side of the Park, where I have taken most of the aquatics for which this locality is given. Van Cortlandt Park is also in the city, toward Yonkers, on the line of the N. Y. and Putnam R. R. It is far more wild than Central Park, and in the lake there I have made very good catches. This was drained this year, unfortunately, to make some "improvements" and the insects are gone. Land bugs I have taken along the edges of the lake, in the bushes and grasses growing between it and the railroad tracks, and also in a sandy spot between the tracks at a fork of the railroad. Mosholu is about a couple of miles north of Van Cortlandt Park, and in fact, the collecting grounds form a part of this jjark. The localities where collecting is done by the New Yorkers are a meadow about a quarter of a mile west of the station and the woods on the hillside and those through which a little stream runs on the other side. Staten Id., means the entire island, in its ponds and woods and fields. Palisades, N. J., stands for the region around Fort Lee, Grantwood, Edgemere, and the other small towns that are springing up, including also Leonia. Bronx is the northern part of New York City, which is still more or less of a wilderness, but rapidly building up. 48 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. A LIST OF CAPSIDS FROM THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES. Bv Otto Heidemann, Washington, I). C. Miris instabilis I'hl. — Mosholu. CoUaria oculatus Rent. — Mosholu. Collaria meilleurii Prov. — Mosholu. Phytocoris puella Keut. — Staten Id., Mosholu. Neurocolpus nubilus Say — F"t. Lee, Mosholu, Palisades. Lopidea media Say — Ft. Lee, Mosholu. Stenotus binotatus Fabr. — Mosholu. Calocoris rapidus Say — Mosholu, Forest P. Calocoris bipunctatus Fabr. — Mosholu. Lygus invitus Say — Mosholu, Forest P. Lygus pratensis Linn. • — Cortlandt, Staten Id., Mosholu. Lygus pratensis Linn., large var. — Mosholu. Lygus flavonotatus Prov. — Mo.sholu, Palisades. Lygus pabulinus Linn. — Staten Id., Mosholu. Lygus monachus Uhl. — Mosholu, Lakehurst. Poeciloscytus basalis Reut. — Mosholu, Lakehurst. Poeciloscytus sericeus Uhl. — Mosholu, Forest P. Poecilocapsus lineatus Fabr. — Mosholu, Cortlandt. Pcecilocapsus goniphorus Say. — Mosholu. Poecilocapsus, black var., Reut. — Mosholu, Lakehurst. Deraeocoris segusinus Muell. (Reut.) var. capilaris Fabr. — Brooklyn, June 27, 1903. Several specimens found, males and females, showing all the vary- ing shades of black, red and orange, peculiar to this species. They agree exactly with the European specimens with which I compared them. This species is rarely seen in collections. Prof. Uhler has listed it in his Check-List of Hemiptera, and it is also recorded by Reuter as occurring in North America. Systratiotus americanus Rent. — Mosholu, Forest P. Capsus ater Linn. — Cortlandt. Monalocoris filicis Linn. — Staten Id., Sandy Hook. Pycnoderes insignis Reut. — Staten Id. Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhl. — Mosholu, Ft. Lee. March, 1905.] CaPSIDS FROM Nk.W YoRK. 49 Hyaliodes vitripennis Say. — Mosliolu, Staten Id. Dichrooscytus elegans Uhl. — Mosholu, Lakehurst. Orthops scutellatus Uhl. — Mosholu. Diommatus congrex Uhl. — Staten Id. Dicyphus californicus Stal. — Staten Id. Halticus uhleri Girard. — Staten Id. Stiphrosoma stygica Say. — Mosholu, Forest P. Onychumenus decolor Fall. — Mosholu. Episcopus ornatus Reut. — Mosholu. Psallus juniperi, new species. Body elongate-oval, densely covered with fine golden hairs, interspersed with darker, erect, longer ones. Color pale-yellowish, slightly sprinkled with reddish. Head nearly vertical, short ; broader across the eyes, which are prominent and reni- form, touching the anterior border of pronotum. Face slightly rounded, broad, marked" with four transverse, brownish lines, interrupted in the middle. These lines are sometimes indistinct, being covered by hairs. Antennse nearly reaching the tip of cuneus ; the joints equally stout, except the basal one, which is a trifle thicker, also shorter than the head and extending beyond the tip of head ; second joint nearly four times longer than the first ; the third two-thirds as long as the second, and the terminal joint somewhat longer than the first. Rostrum yellowish, reaching to the posterior coxne. Pronotum trapezoidal, slightly convex, strongly declivous in front ; anterior margin half the width of the posterior margin and a little sinuate in the middle ; lateral margins not sharply marginate, somewhat depressed ; the humeri subacute, rounded behind ; the callosities very feebly indicated. Scutellum quite small, as long as wide. The sides of the hemelytra almost straight ; clavus tinged with a reddish hue, which color extends in some bright specimens along the suture to the inner part of the corium ; cuneus triangular, speckled with red, at tip whitish. The scutellum has near each basal angle a brownish spot, composed of tufts of hair. A linear spot at the apex of the clavus, and two minute spots along the posterior margins of the corium. Membrane fuscous and iridescent, considerably surpassing the abdomen ; the veins of the cells white ; close to the apex of the cuneus runs a short, hyaline line, exteriorly. Abdomen greenish-white, polished. Legs yellowish- white ; the femora more or less mottled with red, the hind femora broad, com- pressed, and the hind tibiae comparatively long, beset with fine white hairs and with dark, remote, long bristles. Claws very strong and blackish. Length to the tip of membrane 2.75 mm. Width across the hemelytra i mm. Mosholu, N. Y., July 20, 1902 (de la Torre Bueno), 3 specimens, Crescent City, Fla. ( E. A. Schwarz), Marshal Hall, Md., June 6, 1891, Front Royal, Va., August 6, 1893; Washington, D. C, June 9, 1891 (Heidemann). Type. — No. 8199, U. S. National Museimi. This species is a small and a very frail insect, occuring during the summer months on red cedar {^Juniperus virginiana).'^ It has prob- * Proceedmgs of Ent. Soc, Washington, D. C, Vol. II., p. 225, 1892. 50 ji^URNAi- Nkw York Entomolocical Sociktv. [Voi. xiii. ably two broods, and hibernates in the adult state. This delicate Cajjsid may easily be recognized by its ornamentation of brown spots on the scutellum and hemelytra. Agalliastes associatus Uhl. — Mosholu, Coitlandt. Agalliastes suavis Reut. — Mosholu. Plagiognathus obscurus Uhl. — Mosholu, .Staten Id. Plagiognathus annulatus Uhl. — Mosholu. Plagiognathus fraterius Uhl. — Mo.sholu, Forest P. Plagiognathus politus Uhl. — Cortlandt, Mosholu. Class I, HEXAPODA, Order XI, ORTHOPTERA. A NEW SPECIES OF THE LOCUSTID GENUS AMBLYCORYPHA FROM KANSAS. Bv A. N. Caudi^ll, Washington, I). C. Amblycorypha iselyi, new species. In size comparable with A. rotundifolia but differing from that species in having the elytra more rotundate and the wings aborted, not reaching the tips of the elytra, in this respect allied to the larger parvipentiis of Stal. Ovipositor of about the same length and shape as that of roftindifolia but a little stouter. Pronotum flat above, the lateral caiiiin; sharp and persistent. Hind femora extending considerably beyond the tips of the elytra in both .sexes. Length of ])ronotum, male, 7.5 nun., female, 8 mm.; elytra, male, 22.5 nnn., female, 25 mm.; hind femora, male, 25 nun., female, 26 mm.; of hind femora be- yond the tips of the elytra, male, 6.5 nnn., female, 7 nnn.; ovipositor, female, 10 mm.; width of elytra, male, 9 mm., female, 9 mm.; of pronotum, in front, male, 3.25 mm., female, 3.5 mm.; behind, male, 4.75 mm., female, 5 mm. Type. — No. e la Torre Bueno. delegates to the scientific alliance. E. G. Love, C. F. Groth, C. H. Roberts. Pt^ICE bIST OF Entomological Publications For Sale by the New York Entomological Society. IviNELL, Martin L. A short review of the Chrysomelas of North America. 5 pp. 15c. Casey, Thos. L. Studies in Ptinidcie, Cividae, and Sphindidse of America. 32 pp. 75c. A revision of the North American Coccinellidas. 98 pp. $1.50. Review of the American Corylophidse, Cryptophagidae, Trito- midse and Dermestidse, with other studies, (Cuts) 12 pp. $2.00. Fall, H. C. Synopsis of the species Acmseodera of America, north of Mexico. 36 pp. goc. Leng, Charles W. Notes on Coccinellidas, I, II. 31 pp., 3 pi. $1.00. Schaeffer, C. Synopsis of the Species of Trechus, with descrip- tion of a new species. 4 pp., i pi. 20c. Fox, William J. Synopsis of the species of Nysson, inhabiting America north of Mexico. 7 pp. 20c. CoouiLLETT, D. W. Synopsis of the dipterous genus Symphono- myia. 4 pp. loc. Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae. 6 pp. 15c. Neumoegen and Dyar. A preliminary revision of the Bombyces of America north of Mexico. $i-50- Dyar, Harrison G. A review of the North American species of Pronuba and Prodoxus. 3 pp. loc. Kearfott, W. D. Revision of the North American species of the genus Choreutis. 20 pp. 50c. Caudell, a. N. The genus Sinea of Amyot and Serville. II pp., I pi. 35c. The above papers will be sent on receipt of price by CHAJ^LlES SCHAEFFER, Librarian New York Entomological Society, Brooklyn cnuseam. Eastern Papkujay, B^OOKLiVN, N V. Vol. XIII. No. 2. JOURNAL OF THE NEW YORK Entomological Society, DevoteD to 3£ntomoloai5 in (Bcncral. JUNE, 1905. Edited by Harrison G. Dvar. Publication Committee. Harrison G. Dyar. Charles W. Leng. Charles Schaeffer. Charles T. Bkues. Published Quarterly by the Society. LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITY. 1905- [Entered April 2x, 1904, at Lancaster, Pa., as second-class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894.] COiVTEIVITS. Class Hexapoda, Order DIPTERA. Illustrations of the Abdominal Appendages of Certain Mosquitoes. By H. G. DvAR 53 New Nematocerous Diptera from North America. By D. W. Coquillett ... 56 A chironomid inhabitant of Sarracenia purpurf a. By F. Knab 69 A new Mosquito. By H. G. Dyar 74 Class Hexapoda, Order ORTHOPTERA. The Coulee Cricket of Central Washington. By R. E. Snodgrass ....... 74 Two interesting Mantids from the United States. By A. N. Caudell . . . . 82 Aplopus mayari, n, sp. By A. N. Caudell . . 83 Class Arachnida, Order ARANEIDA. Change of color and protective coloration in a flower spider. By A. S. Packard 85 Editorial 97 Proceedings of the Society 99 List of members i OF THE Published quarterly by the Society at 41 North Queen St., Lancaster, Pa., and New York City. All communications relating to the Journal should be sent to the editor, Dr. Harrison G. Dyar, U. S. National Mu- seum, Washington, D. C; all subscriptions to the Treasurer, Wm. T. Davis, 46 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton, Stateii Is., New York, and all books and pamphlets to the Librarian, C. Schaeffer, Museum, Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, N. Y. Terms for subscription, $2.00 per year, strictly in ad- vance. Please make all checks, money-orders, or drafts payable to NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Authors of each contribution to the Journal shall be entitled to 25 separates of such contribution without change of form. If a larger number be desired they will be supplied at cost provided notice is sent to the Editor befc-e the page proof has been corrected. JOURNAL |3piD ]9opk Qntoraologiral Koriptg. Vol. XIIT. JUNE, 1905. No. 2 Class I, HEXAPODA. Order IV, DIPTERA. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL APPEN- DAGES OF CERTAIN MOSQUITOES. By Harrison G. Dyar, A.M., Ph.D., Washington, D. C. (Plates IV and V.) It has been shown by Mr. F. V. Theobald that the male genitalia of mosquitoes are of value for purposes of identification, and Dr. E. P. Felt has inaugurated the use of them in the definition of genera. Previous to Dr. Felt's work the genitalia of our species were little known and but few of them figured. It is the purpose of the present article to illustrate some additional species to those which Dr. Felt has made known. Deinocerites cancer Theob. (Plate IV, Fi<:^ i. ) Side pieces stoutly conic, basal lobe strongly trifid ; clasp thick,, truncate, clawed at tip, hirsute on outer aspect. Harpe long, spatu- late, smooth, unjointed. Harpago rounded, concave, crested by stout spines. Uncus slender, concave, nearly as long as the harpago. Appendage of the eighth segment undeveloped. Wyeomyia smithii Coq. (Plate IV, Fig. 2.) Side piece conic, bent from side view, rather transparent ; two stout setae within ; clasp enlarged, membranous, inflated, irregularly lobed, with a few spines. Harpes and harpagones likewise inflated 53 54 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. and irregular. Unci long with terminal teeth. Appendage of the eighth segment distinct, setose. Grabhamia asstivalis Dyar. (PI. lY, Fig. 3.) Side piece elongate, outer lobe distinct and running well toward base ; inner lobe rounded, spinous ; clasp filamentous with long articu- lated terminal spine. Harpe jointed, basal part long, a little curved, uniform, apical filament small, less than half the length of the basal part. Harpago smooth, elongate, outer part narrow. Unci invisible. Appendage of the eighth segment distinct, setose. Grabhamia varipalpus Coq. (Plate lY, Fig. 4.) Side piece elongate, outer lobe undeveloped, inner rounded and bearing many long fine setce ; clasp filamentous with long terminal spine. Harpe jointed, basal part well curved, uniform, apical filament long, broad, as long as the basal part. Harpago smooth, elongate, outer part narrow for over half its length. Unci invisible. Ap- I)endage of the eighth segment distinct, setose. Grabhamia curriei Coq. (Plate I Y', Fig. 5.) Side piece elongate, outer lobe distinct, reaching toward base ; inner lobe rounded with short setae ; a stout terminal seta ; clasp fila- mentous with long terminal spines. Harpe jointed, basal part slender, straight, terminal filament broad, as long as the basal part. Harpago curved, concave, narrowing outwardly. Unci invisible. Appendage of eighth segment narrow and elongate, setose. Pneumaculex signifer Coq. (Plate I Y, Fig. 6.) Side piece elongate, conic, no outer lobe, inner lobe a slight promi- nence, a stout curved seta on middle of inner side ; clasp filamentous, slightly enlarged outwardly, articulated tip moderate, multiple. Harpe short, conic, concave with trifid apex. Harpago bent, concave with notched tip. Unci invisible. Appendage of eighth segment unde- veloped. Stegomyia fasciata Fab. (Plate Y, Fig. 7.) Side piece short, conic, scarcely longer than wide, without lobes but the inner area finely setose ; clasp moderate, constricted some- what near base, the articulated tip short. Harpe long, broad, chiti- nous, unjointed, curved at tip and with a branch inwardly near base, smooth. Harpago basal, short, broad, slightly dentose at tip. Uncus a small setose lobe. Appendage of eighth segment undeveloped. June, 1905 ] DvAR : Abdominal Appendages ok Mosquitoes. 55 Feltidia cyanescens Coq. (Plate V, Fig. 8.) Side piece elongate conic, basal lobe very slight, setose ; clasp thick, inflated, reticular, the tip narrowed with a short spine. Harpe curved, concave, spined at tip. Harpago cylindrical, truncate. A\)- pendage of eighth segment undeveloped. Feltidia signipennis Coq. (Plate V, Fig. 9.) Side piece elongate conic, basal lobe rudimentary, setose ; clasp thick, inflated, reticular, the tip narrowed with a short spine. Harpe curved, concave, slightly spined at tip.* Harpago cylindrical, trun- cate. Appendage of eighth segment undeveloped. Theobaldia incidens Thorn. (Plate V, Fig. 10.) Side piece elongate, conic, lobes undeveloped ; clasp filamentous with minute terminal spine. Harpe bent at tip, stout, uniform, with irregular teeth. Harpago cylindrical, truncate. Unci invisible. Appendage of the eighth segment broad, large, setose. A row of very few short tooth-like spines at the tip of the seventh segment. Melanoconion atratus Theob. (Plate V, Fig. 11.) Side piece thickly conic, lobes continuous, the outer with a leaf- like scale, the inner with stout articulated spines ; clasp enlarged at the base, slender outwardly, with minute terminal spine. Harpe stout, concave, narrowed at tip. Harpago small, slender. Unci and appendage of the eighth segment invisible. Culex tarsalis Coq. (Plate V, Fig. 12.) Side piece elongate, outer lobe distinct, with leaf-like scale and stout spines recurved at tip ; no basal lobe ; clasp filamentous, curved, with minute terminal spine. Harpe conic, heavily spined at tip ; an additional pair of appendages at base with trifid apex. Harpago broad, acuminate. Uncus long concave, narrowed outwardly. Ap- pendage of the eighth segment stout and broad, setose. Explanation of Plates IV and V. Genitalia of mosquitoes, the parts of one side only shown . 1. Deinocerites cancer Theob. from Jamaica. 2. Wyeomyia smiihii Coq. from Massachusetts. 3. GrabhaDiia (csfivalis Dyar from British Columbia. * The apparent difference in the direction of curve in the harpes shown in figures 8 and 9 is apparently unimportant, as I have another slide oi sigiiipennis in which the curve is inward as in cyanescens. 56 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xiii. 4. Grabhamia varipalpiis Coq. from British Columbia. 5 Grabhamia ctirriei Coq. from California. 6. Pncumaculex signifer Coq. from Virginia. 7. Stegomyia fasciata Fab. from Texas. 8. Feltidia cyatiescens Coq. from Texas. 9. Feltidia signipejinis Coq. from Mexico. 10. Theobaldia incidens Thorn, from British Colombia. 11. JA'/aiiocOfiion airaitis Theoh. from Jamaica. 12. Cidex tarsalis Coq. from California. NEW NEMATOCEROUS DIPTERA FROM NORTH AMERICA. BV D. W. COQUILLETT, Washington, D. C. The present paper is founded primarily on collections made during the summer of 1903 by Messrs. R. P. Currie, H. G. Dyar and A. N. Caudell in British Columbia, and by Mr. H. S. Barber, chiefly in northern California. Messrs. Currie and Barber paid especial atten- tion to the Diptera and succeeded in obtaining many rare and inter- esting specimens. Only those belonging to the section Nemocera have as yet been studied and the descriptions of the new species are appended herewith. To these are added descriptions of several spe- cies received from various sources, bringing the number of new spe- cies described in this paper up to 41. Dicranomyia signipennis, new species. Distinguished from the described species by the spotted wings in connection with the short auxiliary vein, the apex of which is very near the base of the second vein. Brown, the humeri, scutellum, a spot in front of it, the genitalia, halteres and legs, yellow, a black band before apex of each femur, apices of tarsi brown. Antennce reaching nearly to base of wings, joints three to thirteen of nearly an equal length, the last three or four of these slightly longer than wide. Thorax opaque, grayish pruinose, mesonotum marked with three blackish vittfe. Hypopygium of male rather small. Halteres not unusually long. Wings glabrous indistinctly mottled with pale gray and whitish hyaline, stigma brown, a brown cloud at apex of auxiliary vein, another at forking of second and third veins, one on vein at base of discal, extending over small and hind crossveins, a fourth on veins at apex of discal cell ; marginal crossvein close to apex of first vein, auxiliary crossvein close to apex of the auxiliary vein, first section of second vein one and one half times as long as first section of the third, base of discal cell far beyond base of the submarginal, discal cell closed. Length 7 mm. June, 1905. J COQUILLETT : DiPTERA FROM NORTH A.MERICA. 57 Eureka, Cal. A specimen of each sex collected in coition June 5 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8343, U. S. National Museum. Limnobia maculicosta, new species. Marginal crossvein far before apex of first vein, wings spotted, femora without brown bands. Head and its members brown, the labella yellow, joints of antennoe except the second longer than broad, the eighth over twice as long as broad. Thorax somewhat polished, brown, varied with yellow. Abdomen brown, a band near base of seeond segment, the extreme bases of the other segments, the genitalia and the broad bases of the segments of the venter, yellow. Legs brown, broad apices of the femora, both ends of the tibiae and bases of the tarsi yellow. Wings hyaline, indis- tinctly mottled with pale gray and with four rather large, dark gray spots along the front margin — one at base of second vein, another at apex of auxiHary vein, a third on the marginal crossvein, the last one at apex of first vein ; the first spot extends only to the auxiliary vein, the other three border the costa ; auxiliary vein nearly reaches the base of the submarginal cell and apparently ends in the first vein, with the crossvein a short distance before its apex. Halteres brown, both ends yellow. Length li mm. Kokanee Mt., British Columbia (altitude 8000 feet). A female specimen collected August 10 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8344, U. S. National Museum. Limnobia bestigma, new species. Near tristignia but with only two brown costal spots — one at apex of auxiliary vein, the other on the marginal crossvein. Head and its members brown, the third joint of antennee and the labellse yellow ;/ joints of antennas except the second longer than broad, the fifth and following joints over twice as long as broad. Thorax some- what polished, yellowish, a median brown vitta on the anterior half, sides of scutel- lum also brown. Abdomen brown, a median vitta, the genitalia and venter yellow. Legs yellow, broad apex of each femur and tarsus brown, an indistinct brownish band at a considerable distance from the apex of each femur. Halteres elongated, yellow. Wings hyaline, a rather small brown cloud at apex of auxiliary vein and a slightly larger one on the marginal crossvein : the latter cloud is located nearly in the middle of the otherwise pale yellowish stigma ; apex of auxiliary vein slightly beyond middle of first section of second vein, its termination and the crossvein as in the preceding species ; marginal crossvein far before apex of first vein. Length 9 mm. Bear Lake, British Columbia. A female specimen collected July 29 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8345, U. S. National Museum. Rhypholophus divergens, new species. Near holotrichus, but the sixth and seventh veins diverging toward their apices, etc. Black, the halteres, trochanters and bases of the femora, yellow, ovipositor of female also yellow. Antenna; of male reaching slightly beyond base of wings, the third joint as broad as long, the eighth and following joints somewhat longer than broad. Thorax densely gray pruinose, not vittate, its hairs and those of the abdomen yellowish; hypopygium rather small, the claspers terminate in a curved hook. 58 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Wings hyaline, stigma pale brown, discal cell opens in the second posterior, sixth and seventh veins very strongly diverging toward their apices. Length 4 mm. Kaslo (June 18 and 29, R. P. Currie) ; London Hill Mine, Bear Lake (altitude 7,000 feet, July 21, A. N. Caudell), and Kokanee Mt. (altitude 9,000 feet, on snow August 10, R. P. Currie), Piritish Col- umbia. One male and four females. Type No. 8346, U. S. Na- tional Museum. Molophilus nitidus, new species. Base of first submarginal cell opposite base of discal cell, body polished. Black, a streak at each humerus and knobs of the halteres yellow, genitalia yellowish brown. Antennte reaching base of second segment of abdomen, the third and succeeding joints longer than broad. Hairs of body chiefly brown ; claspers consist of a pair of elongated, flattened projections tapering slightly to the apex, devoid of hooks and other processes. Wings grayish hyaline, marginal crossvein slightly beyond base of second submarginal cell, the latter opposite base of first posterior, base of third posterior cell noticeably nearer to base of first submarginal than to that of the second. Length 4 mm. Fieldbrook, Cal. A male specimen collected May 18 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8347, U. S. National INIuseum. Gnophomyia aperta, new species. Discal cell open into the second posterior, hind crossvein at or before base of discal cell. Black, the halteres, trochanters and bases of femora yellow. Antennre reaches base of third segment of abdomen, the third and following joints longer than broad. Thorax opaque, gray pruinose, mesonotum with a darker median vitta not reaching beyond the suture. Claspers short and robust, each with an apical horny hook. Wings grayish hyaline, apex of auxiliary vein opposite base of second sub- marginal cell, auxiliary crossvein subobsolete, about length of hind crossvein before apex of auxiliary vein. Length 4 mm. Kaslo, British Columbia. Two males collected July 11 and 18 by Dr. H. G. Dyar. Type No. 8348, U. S. National Museum. Limnophila antennata, new species. Near quadrata but the antennte of the male reach base of sixth segment of the abdomen. Black, the halteres, genitalia coxre, trochanters, femora and tibiae except apices of the last two, yellow. Antennjeof male cylindrical but tapering to the apex, the third joint as long as the first two taken together, the following joints with a sparse verticil of short hairs near the middle of each. Head and thorax very thinly grayish pruinose. Wings grayish hyaline, stigma brownish, marginal crossvein near apex of first vein, first submarginal cell almost sessile, the second submarginal usually slightly longer than the first posterior cell, base of discal cell slightly nearer to base of wing than is that of the second submarginal, only four posterior cells, hind crossvein near middle of discal cell. Length 7 mm. June, 1905.] COQUILLETT : DiPTERA FROM NORTH AMERICA. 59 Kaslo, British Columbia. Three male specimens, two collected June II and July ii by Dr. H. G. Dyar, the third collected June 22 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8349, N. S. National Museum. Tricyphona aperta, new species. Near calcar but the discal cell is open in the fourtli posterior, etc. \'ellow, the head black, gray pruinose, the antennae, palpi and tarsi brownish toward their apices. Wings pure hyaline, stigma obsolete, first submarginal cell longer than the second, base of third vein far beyond the small crossvein, petiole of second posterior cell longer than this cell, subequal to preceding section of the fourth vein. Length 6 mm. Kaslo, British Columbia. One male and two females collected May 29 and June 10 by Dr. H. G. Dyar, Type No. 8350, U, S. National Museum. Family CHIRONOMID.E. Taiu.e of New Species of Ceratoi'Ogon. 1. Third vein connected with the first by a crossvein 6 Third vein wholly separated from the first, not connected by a crossvein, wings bare, unmarked, fourth joint of hind tarsi at most one half as long as the fifth, claws of tarsi equal or subequal in length 2 2. Last tarsal joint not spined on the under side 3 Last joint fringed with two rows of large spines on nearly entire length of the under side. Black, the broad bases of antennre, palpi, scutellum, knobs of halteres, first two pairs of tibire except their apices, and the tarsi except apices of the joints and the whole of the last one, yellowish. Body opaque, gray pruinose. Femora rather slender, front ones spined on the apical half of the under side, the middle femora not spined, hind ones bearing about five rather slender spines toward the apex of the under side ; tarsal claws very long, a large tooth before base of each. Wings hyaline, third vein ends near six sevenths length of wing, apex of first vein before middle of the third, fourth vein forks slightly before the small crossvein. Length 3.5 mm s^tipes.'^ 3. Mesonotum polished and sometimes with gray pruinose vittre 4 Mesonotum opaque, gray pruinose. Black, knobs of the halteres and the legs yellow, extreme apices of the femora, tibice and joints of tarsi brown, broad apices of hind femora and bases of their tibia; also brown. Abdomen some- what polished. Femora rather slender, the front ones slightly thickened and bearing three spines on the apical half of the under side, other femora without spines ; tarsal claws rather large, not toothed. Wings hyaline, venation as in setipes. Length 2.5 mm .prtii7iosns.'\ 4. Dorsum of thorax unmarked 5 * Brownsville, Texas. A female specimen collected March 19 by Mr. C. H. T. Townsend. Type No. 8351, U. S. National Museum. ■\ Bear Lake, British Columbia. A female specimen collected July 20 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8352, U. S. National Museum. 60 Journal New York Ektomological Society. [Voi. xiii Dorsum of thorax marked with a pair of whitish pruinose vittce on slightly more than its anterior half, the sides, front angles and greater part of pleura thinly grayish pruinose. Black, bases of the joints of the tarsi yellowish. Abdomen somewhat polished. Femora rather slender, not spined. Wings hyaline, slightly tinged with yellowish in the marginal cell ; third vein reaches three fourths length of wing, apex of first vein slightly before middle of the third, fourth vein forks nearly at the small crossvein. Length 2 mm bi'i'ittatits.* 5. Abdomen on basal half yellow, legs chiefly yellow. Black, the halteres, basal half of abdomen, genitalia and legs except knees, apices of tibiit and whole of last tarsal joint, yellow, a brownish band near middle of hind tibice. Mesono- tum highly polished. Femora slender, without spines. Wings hyaline, third vein nearly reaches three fourths length of wing, apex of first vein near middle of the third, fourth vein forks slightly before the small crossvein. Length 2 mm flavoniger.^ Abdomen wholly black, legs chiefly black. Black, the basal half of the antennre, the palpi, stems of halteres, a band before apex of each front femur, one near apex of first two pairs of tibiae, and the tarsi, yellow. Body highly polished, thorax gibbous. Femora not spined, rather slender, the hind ones elongated and thickened toward the apices. Wings hyaline, venation as in Jiavoniger except that the apex of first vein is noticeabh^ before middle of the th ird. Length 1.25 mm giliber. .1: 6. Wings hairy, at least toward the apices I4 Wings bare 7 7. With at most a small brown spot on either wing, situated on the small crossvein.. 9 With distinct brown markings on the wings 8 8. Yellow, a pair of widely separated vittaj on the mesonotum, a streak beneath each wing, the front, lateral and hind margins of the abdominal segments beyond the second, the knobs of the halteres, apices of hind femora and of their tibia;, also the last joint of their tarsi, black. Antenna: nearly as long as the body, the latter highly polished. Femora rather slender, not spined, first joint of tarsi longer than the following three together, the third slightly shorter than the fourth, the latter less than half as long as the fifth, which bears a pair of stout blunt spines near the base, one of the claws of each tarsus is more than twice as long as the other, the former being unusually long. Wings hyaline, a small brown spot extends from apex of first vein over the small crossvein, a second somewhat larger brown spot reaches from apex of third vein over halfw.ay across the first posterior cell ; third vein reaches three fourths length of wing, apex of first vein near one fifth length of the third, fourth vein forks far beyond the crossvein. Length 2 mm pic/us.^ * Eureka, Cal. Four females collected May 24 and June 6 by Mr. H. S. Bar- ber. Type No. 8353, U. S. National Museum. f Bear Lake, British Columbia. Two males collected. July 20 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8354, U. S. National Museum. X Cayamas, Cuba. A female specimen collected January 16 by Mr. E. A. Schwarz. Type No. 8355, U. S. National INIiiseum. § Virginia. A female specimen collected June 16, by Mr. Theo. Pergande. Type No. 8356, U. S. National Museum. June, 1905] CoQUILLETT: DiPTERA FROM NoRTH AMERICA. (jl Black, the first two joints of antennre, face, halteres, first two pairs of coxa; and their femora except their apices, the apical half of their tibia except the ex- treme apices, all tarsi except the last two joints, and basal two thirds of the hind femora, yellow. Antenna; longer than the body, the latter is highly polished, and with a white pruinose vitta in middle of the pleura. Femora rather slender, the middle and hind ones w'ith two or three spinous bristles near the apex of the under side ; first joint of front tarsi as long as the following three together, on the middle and hind tarsi it is as long as the remaining joints, fourth joint of hind tarsi slightly shorter than the third, about one half as long as the fifth, the latter not spined on the lower side, claws large, those of the front tarsi equal in length, on the middle and hind tarsi one claw is nearly twice as long as the other. Wings hyaline, a large spot extends the length of the third vein, and from the costa nearly to the hind margin of the wing, also a narrow border at apex of wing, blackish ; third vein reaches five sixths length of wing, apex of first vein slightly before middle of the third, fourth vein forks rather far before the small crossvein. Length 3 mm iiiil>i/er.* 9. Mesonotum polished, or at least not gray pruinose 10 Mesonotum opaque, gray pruinose and with a transverse row of four lirown pruinose spots near the middle and with another brown pruinose spot a short distance in front of each of the outer spots. Black, the base of the antenna;, stems of halteres and the legs, yellow, the coxae, apices of first two pairs of femora and of their tibice, the hind femora and their tibice, also the apices of the joints of all the tarsi, dark brown, scutellum reddish brown. Pleura gray pruinose, abdomen polished. F"emora rather slender, the front ones slightly thickened and spined on nearly the entire length of the under side, middle and hind femora bearing three or four spines near apex of the under side ; first joint of tarsi longer than the following three, the last joint of hind tarsi spined on the under side, claws large. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches five sixths length of wing, apex of first slightly before middle of third, fourth forks slightly before the small crossvein. Length 4 mm !:/os:oiiir.-\ 10. Abdomen black 12 Abdomen chiefly yellow, tarsal claws equal II 11. Blackish brown, the basal half of antennae, the palpi, halteres, abdomen except first two segments, and the legs, yellow, the coxae, greater part of hind femora, bases of middle and hind tibiae and apices of last joint of tarsi, dark brown. Antennae reaching slightly beyond base of abdomen. Mesonotum scabrous. Femora not spined, rather slender, the hind ones considerably thickened, first tarsal joint as long as the remaining joints together, none of the joints spined, claws rather large. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches five sixths length of wing, apex of first vein at middle of the third, fourth vein forks before the small crossvein. Length nearly 4 mm vtngtiiis.X * Jacksonville, Florida. A female specimen collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8357, U. S. National Museum. t Mt. Washington, N. H. A female specimen, collected by Mrs. A. T. Slos- son, for whom this fine species is named. Type No. 8358, U. S. National Museum. J Brownsville, Texas. A female specimen collected in May by Mr. C. IL T. Townsend. Type No. 8359, U. S. National Museum. 62 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Yellow, the antennx and palpi dark brown. Antennae reaching slightly beyond base of abdomen. Mesonotum highly polished. Femora slender, not spined,' first tarsal joint as long as the following three, last joint not spined, claws minute. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches two thirds length of wing, apex of first vein at middle of the third, fourth vein forks a short distance beyond the small crossvein. Length f8.-mffi F.:'-. .'.'.'.'! gili'iis. * 12. Hind and other tarsal claws equal or nearly equal in length 13 Hind tarsal claws very unequal in length. Black, the first antennal joint and base of the second, the halteres and legs, yellow, apices of femora, of tibiae and of first three tarsal joints, also the whole of the last two joints dark brown. Antennae reaching middle of abdomen, the second joint nearly twice as long as the first, the following joints at least twice as long as wide. Body highly polished, a white pruinose vitta above the coxte. Femora slender, the first two pairs without spines, the hind ones with two spinous bristles near apex of under side ; first joint of tarsi longer than the following three together, the last joint not spined, claws large, those of the first two pairs of tarsi equal in length. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches five sixths length of wing, apex of first near one third of the length of the third, fourth vein forks a short distance before the small crossvein. Length 3 mm cii7riei.-\ 13. Hind femora strongly bowed forward, hind tibite chiefly yellow. Black, the head reddish brown, the first joint of antennae and bases of the following nine, the stems of the halteres and the legs, yellow, the coxae, bases of last two pairs of femora and of their tibiie, also the last two tarsal joints, brownish black. Antenna; reaches middle of abdomen, the second joint slightly longer than the first. Mesonotum scabrous, pleura and abdomen polished. Femora rather slender, the hind ones considerably thickened, front femora bearing a single spine near middle of the under side, the others without .spines ; first joint of tarsi longer than the three following together, last joint of hind tarsi spined on the basal half of the underside, claws large. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches six sevenths length of wing, apex of first vein near one third length of the third, fourth vein forks slightly before the small crossvein. Length 3 mm scaber.% Hind femora almost straight, their tibire black. Black, the halteres, front coxre, trochanters, femora except their apices, and first three tarsal joints except their apices, yellow (front and middle tibiae and their tarsi wanting). Body highly polished. P^emora rather slender, not spined, first tarsal joint longer than the three following, last joint of hind tarsi spined on the underside, claws large. Wings hyaline, third vein reaches three fourths length of wing, apex of first * Biscayne Bay, Florida. Three female specimens collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8360, U. S. National Museum. tKaslo, British Columbia. A female specimen collected June 17 by Mr. R. P. Currie, for whom this fine species is named. Type No. 8361, U. S. National Museum. \ Frontera, Tabasco, Mexico. A female specimen collected February 22 by Mr. C. H. T. Townsend. Type No. 8362, U. S. National Museum. June. 1905.] COQUILLETT : DiPTKRA FROM NORTH AMERICA. G3 vein slightly before middle of the third, fourth forks a short distance before the small crossvein. Length 2.5 mm candellii.* 14. Dorsum of thorax polished, not distinctly pruinose 15 Dorsum opaque, usually gray pruinose, femora and tarsi not spined 16 15. Antennal joints two to nine connate, forming a single complex joint which is equal in length to the two following joints together. Black, the scutellum reddish brown, legs yellowish brown, bases of tarsi yellow. Antennae robust, nearly reaching base of abdomen, the tenth joint twice as long as wide. Femora rather robust, with biistly hairs but no spines on the under side, first joint of hind tarsi as long as the following three, the fourth noticeably shorter than the third, about one half as long as the fifth, tarsi not spined, empodia large. Wings hyaline, almost wholly covered with hairs, third vein nearly reaches two thirds length of wing, apex of first slightly beyond middle of the third, fourth forks a short distance beyond the small crossvein. Length 1. 5 mm .fitsicornis. t Antennal joints two to nine strongly narrowed at each end, together longer than the following five joints. Black, the knobs of halteres whitish, legs yellowish brown, bases of tarsi yellow. AntennK scarcely reaches base of wings, joints two to nine wider than long, the following four scarcely longer than wide, the last joint nearly twice as long as wide. Body quite thickly covered with yellow hairs. Femora rather slender, not spined, first joint of hind tarsi as long as the following two, the fifth only slightly longer than the fourth, not spined. Wings hyaline, wholly densely haired, third vein reaches middle of wing, apex of first at two thirds length of the third, lower fork of fourth vein obliterated on its basal half. Length .7 mm monilicornis. % 16. Wings wholly covered with hairs I? Wings bare except toward the apex. Yellowish, the apical portion of antenna, two rings before apex of hind femora, one near middle and the apices of hind tibiiie, also narrow apices of joints of tarsi, brown. Antennae nearly reaches apex of abdomen, joints three to nine considerably constricted toward their apices, slightly over twice as long as broad. First joint of hind tarsi as long as the following two, the fifth as long as the fourth and bearing a single long claw. Wings hyaline, a broad irregular brown crossband extends from apex of first vein to. apex of lower fork of fifth vein where it is greatly narrowed ; from this crossband a spur extends into the axillary cell and beyond its tip is a small brown spot ; another spur extends toward base of second basal cell where it is enlarged and crosses the first basal cell ; two other spurs extend outwardly in the second and third posterior cells, uniting with a large transverse brown spot ; a slightly smaller brown spot at apex of third vein ; third vein reaches * Bear Lake, British Columbia. A female specimen collected July 20 by Mr. A. N. Caudell, for whom the species is named. Type No. S363, U. S. National Museum. f Biscayne Bay, Florida. A female specimen collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8364, U. S. National Museum. J Kaslo, British Columbia. Two females collected June 17 by Mr. A. N. Caudell. Type No. 8365, U. S. National Museum. 64 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. four fifths length of wing, apex of first near one third length of the third, the fourth forks a short distance beyond the small crossvein. Length i mm. macidipennis.''' 17. Second joint of hind tarsi at most two thirds as long as the first 18 Second joint as long as the first. Black, the antennae yellowish brown, halteres yellow, legs brown, the knees, a ring above middle and the apices of the hind tibiiii yellow, narrow apices of the tarsal joints whitish. Antennae reaches base of abdomen, joints two to nine slightly longer than wide, the twelfth twice as long as wide. Wings densely haired, grayish and with a large whitish spot near apex of first three posterior cells, nearly whole of fourth posterior cell whitish ; third vein reaches middle of wing, apex of first near that of the third. Fourth joint of hind tarsi as long as the fifth, claws small, equal. Length i mm ciiuiipes.'\ 18. First joint of hind tarsi slender, hind tibia; without a spine at apex 19 First joint of hind tarsi swollen, hind tibia" with a black spine at apex of inner side. Black, the basal half of antennre, mouth parts, scutellum, halteres and legs, yellow. Plumosity of antennae yellowish. Mesonotum thinly gray pruinose and clothed with golden yellow hairs. Legs rather slender, very hairy, first joint of hind tarsi nearly as long as the following two, the fourth slightly longer than the fifth. Wings hyaline, wholly densely haired, third vein reaches middle of wing, apex of first near two thirds length of third. Length 1.5 mm calcaratus.% 19. Mesonotum black, almost velvety, the gray pruinosity scarcely apparent. Black, a yellow humeral dot and the scutellum brownish yellow, knobs of halteres chiefly yellow, legs dull yellowish or brownish. Antennae of female reaching beyond base of abdomen, joints two to nine slightly longer than wide, the tenth over twice as long as wide ; in the male the plumosity is black, tipped with gray. Hairs of body chiefly black. Second joint of hind tarsi two thirds as long as the first, the fourth slightly shorter than the fifth. Wings hyaline, nearly covered with hairs, third vein reaching slightly beyond middle of wing, apex of first near two thirds length of the third. Length i to 1. 5 mm. tenebrostii. \ Mesonotum densely gray pruinose. Black, the halteres yellow, the antennae and legs dull yellowish. Antenna of female reaches beyond base of abdomen, joints two to nine slightly longer than broad, joint ten three times as long as broad ; plumosity of male antennae blackish and with gray tips. Hairs of body chiefly yellow. First joint of hind tarsi as long as the following two, the fifth slightly longer than the fourth. Wings hyaline, a small white spot * Jacksonville, Florida. A female specimen collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8366, U. S. National Museum. fBiscayne Bay, Florida. A female specimen collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8367, U. S. National Museum. J Frontera, Tabasco, Mexico. A male specimen collected February 19, by Mr. C. H. T. Townsend. Type No. 8368, U. S. National Museum. \ Eureka, Cal. Four males and three females collected May 22, 24 and June 3 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8369, U. S. National Museum. June, 1905.] COQUILLETT: DiPTERA FROM NoRTH AMERICA. 65 just beyond apex of third vein, the latter reaches two thirds length of wing, apex of first vein near four fifths length of the third, costal vein considerably widened near the apex. Length I mm tinicolor* Tanypus miripes, new species. Near hirHpennis und pilosellits but in these the fourth joint of the tarsi is slender and at least two thirds as long as the third, while the fifth is only slightly smaller than the fourth. Yellow, the antenn;i:, mouth parts, three vitta; on the mesonotum, the metanotum, and the front ends of the segments of the abdomen, brown. Plu- mosity of antenn;i3 brown, the apices yellow. Body opa((ue, grayish, pruinose, the hairs yellowish white. Tarsi with rather long pubescence but not distinctly bearded, the front and hind ones slender and elongated, the middle ones rather robust, the last three joints rather short, the fourth about one half as long as the third, the fifth unusually small, wings densely haired, hyaline, a brown cloud on the small cross- vein, in certain lights an indistinct brownish cloud in outer half of anal cell and a crossband of the same color near three-fourths length of wing ; first vein forked a short distance before the apex, crossvein at apex of second basal cell situated slightly beyond base of upper branch of fifth vein. Length 4.5 mm. Eureka, Cal. A male specimen collected May 22 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8371, U. S. National Museum. Tanypus sinuosus, new species. Nenvjo/uiso/n and bi/asciatiis, but differing from both by the very sinuous second brown crossband of the wings. Yellow, varied with whitish, the legs wholly whitish, the mouth parts, and in the male the antennie except the first joint, a spot in front of each wing, a pair of spots in front of the scutellum, the front ends of the abdominal segments and nearly the whole of the last two segments, brown, in the female with three brown vittce on the mesonotum, the median one divided in the middle by a yel- low line. Plumosity of antenna; gray basally and yellow distally, appearing wholly yellow in certain lights. Body opaque, hairs yellow and with several brown ones on the abdomen of the male. Tarsi slender, fourth joint much longer than the fifth, front tarsi of male bearded with rather long hairs. Wings densely covered with hairs, hyaline, a faint brownish crossband passes over the crossveins and is expanded in the anal cell ; a broader brownish crossband begins on the costa just beyond the forking of the first vein and extends almost to the upper branch of the fifth vein, then turns towards the base of the wing for a short distance and then again changes its course and reaches the hind margin of the wing just before the apex of the lower fork of the fifth vein ; the proximal edge of the upper portion of this crossband is nearly on a line vvith the distal edge of the lower portion ; an indistinct brownish cloud on apex of fourtii vein and of upper branch of the fifth ; first vein forked toward its apex, crossvein at apex of second basal cell slightly beyond the forking of the fifth vein. Length 2 to 3 mm. Center Harbor (Aug. 3, li. (1. Dyar) and Franconia, N. H. * Eureka and Fieldbrook, Cal. Two males and eight females collected May 22, 31, June 3, 5 and 6 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8370, U. S. National Museum. 66 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Three males and two females. Type No. 8372, U. S. National Museum. Tanypus nubifer, new species. Distinguished by the spotted, bare wings. Yellow, the first antennal joint, palpi, three vittK on the mesonotum, lower portion of thorax, the metathorax, and bases of abdominal segments, brown, the legs whitish. Plumosity of antenna gray, but appearing yellowish in certain lights. Body opaque, gray pruinose. Tarsi slender, the fourth joint longer than the fifth, front tarsi bearing many long hairs. Wings bare, whitish hyaline, a brownish cloud on the small crossvein, two near middle of first posterior cell, one beyond middle of second posterior cell, one near apex of posterior branch of fifth vein and about four in the anal cell, some of the latter very faint ; first vein forked before the apex, fifth vein forks a short distance beyond the crossvein. Length 3 mm. Salt Lake, Utah. Two males collected June 26 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8373, U. S. National Museum. Tanypus heteropus, new species. Black, the halteres light yellow. Plumosity of male antenna; yellowish brown. Thorax opaque, mesonotum with three blackish vittte ; hairs of abdomen whitish. Tarsi not bearded, the fourth joint short and dilated, shorter than the fifth. Wings hyaline, bare, first vein simple, the fifth forks a short distance before the crossvein. Length 3 to 4 mm. Pulltnan, Washington (March 26 and April 9, R. W. Doane) ; Las Vegas Hot Springs, N. M. (March 21, T. D. A. Cockerell) ; Mt. Washington, N. H. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Nine males and one female. Type No. 8374, LT. S. National Museum. Tanypus tenebrosus, new species. 'Near />/7ost;//!ts but much larger, the body chiefly black, etc. Black, the anten- nae of female except the first joint, the scutellum, sides of male abdomen, legs and halteres, yellow. Plumosity of male antennse grayish brown, appearing partly whit- ish in certain lights. Tarsi slender, the front ones not bearded, the fourth joint longer than the fifth. Wings hyaline, densely covered with hairs, first vein simple, the fifth forks slightly before the crossvein. Abdomen of female spatulate, widest at the fifth and sixth joints. Length 3 to 4 mm. Franconia, N. H. One male and two females collected by Mrs. A. T. Slosson. Type No. 8375, U. S. National Museum. Chasmatonotus fascipennis, new species. Black, the bases of antennce, middle of pleura, base of venter, halteres, trochanters and bases of femora, yellow. Body polished. Wings brownish, the base broadly, a broad crossband just beyond forking of the fifth vein, and the very narrow apical margin of the wing, prolonged along the posterior margin to the median crossband, whitish hyaline, the crossband changing to yellowish in front of the third vein. Length 1.5 to 2 mm. June, igos.] COQUILLETT: DiPTEKA FROM NoRTH AMERICA. 67 Kaslo Creek, British Columl)ia. Thirty-five specimens, collected June 17 and i8 by Messrs. R. P. Currie and A. N. Caudell. Type No. 8376, U. S. National Museum. Chasmatonotus hyalinus, new species. Yellow, the mesonotum yellowish brown and with a black dorsal vitta, abdomen dark brown, tarsi, tibire and femora except their bases, pale brown. Body polished. Wings grayish hyaline, somewhat smoky in front of the third vein. Length 1. 5 mm. Eureka, Cal, A male specimen collected May 24 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. 8377, U. S. National Museum. Family MYCETOPHILID.-E. Sciophila fuscipennis, new species. Distinguished by the dark brown wings. Black, the femora, tibire and bases of the tarsi and of the halteres, yellow. Mesonotum polished, its hairs chiefly yellow, the marginal bristles mostly brown, hairs of abdomen chiefly brown. First joint of front tarsi about two thirds as long as the tibia;. Wings dark brown, auxiliary vein terminates in the first near middle of the marginal cell, petiole of second posterior cell subequal in length to the small crossvein, fifth vein forks far before the small crossvein. Length 6 mm. Kaslo, British Columbia. Two females collected June i and 10 by Messrs. H. G. Dyar and R. P. Currie. Type No. 8378, U. S. National Museum. Sciophila simplex, new species. Near calcarata but the middle coxa; are without spines, etc. Black, the mouth parts, bases of antenna;, a humeral spot, base of venter, halteres, coxk, femora, tibia;, bases of tarsi, and hind borders of abdominal segments of the female, yellow, hind coxse usually marked with brown. Antenna; elongate, the joints beyond the second over twice as long as wide. Body opaque, densely gray pruinose, the hairs black. First joint of front tarsi slightly longer than the tibiae. Wings hyaline, auxiliary vein ends in costa near or beyond middle of marginal cell, petiole of second posterior cell about six times as long as the small crossvein, fifth vein forks slightly before the small crossvein. Length 4 to 6 mm. Antoine Mine, McGuigan (July 26, Anderson), London Hill Mine, Bear Lake (July 21, 28 and 29, R. P. Currie and A. N. Cau- dell), and Kokanee Mt. (August 11, R. P. Currie), British Columbia. Ten males and one female. Type No. 8379, U. S. National Museum. Sciophila brevivitta, new species. Near ohliqua^ but in that species the median brown vitta on the mesonotum ex- tends to the scutellum, the petiole of the second posterior cell is as long as that cell, etc. Yellow, the upper part of the head, the antennae beyond the fourth joint, three vitta; on the mesonotum, three spots on the pleura, the lower part of the metanotum, 68 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. broad hind margins of the first five abdominal segments and the whole of the follow- ing two, also the apices of the tarsi, black. Body polished, the hairs black ; median vitta of mesonotum paler than the others, not extending on the posterior fourth of the mesonotum, divided in the middle by a yellow line ; scutellum chiefly brownish. First joint of front tarsi slightly shorter than the tibire. Wings hyaline, auxiliary vein ends in the costa near or beyond middle of marginal cell, petiole of second posterior cell less than half as long as that cell, fifth vein forks before the small crossvein. Length 4 mm. Kaslo, British Columbia. Three males collected May 30, June 12 and 20 by Messrs. H. G. Dyar and R. P. Currie. Type No. 8380, U. S. National Museum. Anaclinia coxalis, new species. Black, the -humeri, femora, tibia;, inner side and narrow apices of front cox?e, and the halteres, yellow. Body somewhat polished, thinly gray pruinose, the hairs yellowish. First joint of front tarsi longer than the tibix. Wings hyaline, venation normal. Length 5 mm. London Hill Mine, Bear Lake (July 21, R. P. Currie, July 29, A. N. Caudell), and Kaslo (June 26, H. G. Dyar), British Columbia. Type No. 8381, U. S. National Museum. Lejomya hyalina, new species.* Yellow, the antennae except at base, a spot on the front, three spots on the pleura, middle of metanotum, hind margins of abdominal segments, also apices of tarsi, black. Body polished, the short hairs yellow, the longer hairs and bristles of mesonotum and scutellum chielly brown. First joint of front tarsi as long as the tibiae. Wings hyaline, upper branch of fifth vein usually interrupted at the base. Length 4 mm. Las Vegas Hot Springs, N. M. Four specimens collected August II to 14 by Mr. H. S. Barber. Type No. S382, U. S. National Museum. Mycetophila vitrea, new species. Distinguished by the hyaline wings in connection with the presence of long bristles on the inner side of the middle tibia;. Black, the face, mouth parts, bases of antenna;, halteres and legs, yellow, apices of tarsi brown. Body polished, the hairs yellowish, the bristles black. Lateral bristles of front tibi;e shorter than greatest diameter of the tibia;, many of those on the other tibiae about twice this diameter, middle tibia; bearing a very long and a short bristle on the inner side, hind tibia? devoid of bristles on the inner side. Wings hyaline, tinged with yellowish and gray along the costa, auxiliary vein obliterated apically, fifth vein forks opposite the small crossvein. Length 2.5 mm. * Lejo/um Rondani, lS^6, ^ Le/osoma Rondani, \%^b, ^^ Glaphyroptcra Win- nertz, 1863, preoccupied, =^ A'eogiaphyioptera Osten Sacken, 1878. June, igos.j Knab : Inhaiutant of Sarracenia Purpurea. 69 Delaware Water Gap, N. J. (July 12, C. W. Johnson), and Kaslo, British Columbia (June 11, H. G. Dyar). Two specimens. Type No. 83S3, U. S, National Museum. Ceroplatus terminalis, new species. Near c/aiisus, but the wings are distinctly marked with dark gray toward their apices, the united portion of the third and fourth veins is longer than the succeeding section of the fourth vein, etc. Yellow, the antenna;, an ocellar spot, a median pair of lines on the mesonotum which diverge strongly anteriorly and are united posteriorly, the knobs of the halteres and apices of the tarsi, brown. Antennixi about as long as the thorax, the last joint slightly longer than wide, the others wider than long. Wings hyaline, tinged with yellow along the costa, the apices broadly and hind margin from apex of axillary cell more narrowly bordered with dark gray, which is considerably prolonged along the posterior branch of the fifth vein, a lighter gray spot in apex of the first and of the second posterior cell, the gray color extends along the third vein to a point a short distance basad its upper branch, the latter terminates in the first vein a considerable distance before the apex, auxiliary crossvein slightly beyond the humeral, apex of auxiliary vein beyond the union of the third and fourth. Length lo mm. Kaslo, British Columbia. A male specimen collected July 16 by Mr. R. P. Currie. Type No. 8384, U. S. National Museum. A CHIRONOMID INHABITANT OF SARRACENIA PURPUREA, METRIOCEMUS KNABI COQ. By Frederick Knab, Urbana, III. (Plate VI.) During the course of a season's work upon culicid larvae the writer examined the liquid contents of many leaves of the pitcher-plant, Sarracenia purpurea. It was found that the water in these leaves con- tained, besides larvae and pup?e of the mosquito Wyeomyia smithii, two other forms of dipterous larvte. One of these was a large maggot of the brachycerous type, perhaps the larva of Riley's Sarcophaga sar- racenice, a species which he bred from the leaf contents of Sarracenia variolaris.^ The other was a small, pale chironomid larva. The first material was collected on July 30, 1903, on the boggy shores of a pond a few miles from Westfield, Massachusetts. Of the pitcher-plant leaves examined none contained more than one of the * C. V. Riley : Descriptions and natural history of two insects which brave the dangers of Sarracenia variolaris. (Trans. Acad. .Sci., St. Louis, 1874, v, 3, p. 235-240). 70 Journal New York Extomological Society, lvoi. xiii. large maggots. However in most leaves numerous individuals of the chironomid larva were present, indeed, they were often more abundant than the larvae of IVyeomyia. In many leaves all three forms of larvae were found associated. In some leaves the water was converted into an extremely foul liquid, through the decay of large insects that had been entrapped, and in such only the large maggot occurred. But the chironomid larvae also can endure quite foul water, for in one case they were numerous in a leaf in which had been drowned one of the large Spii'obolus viarginatus. The chironomid was at once thought to be an unknown form and received such attention as circumstances permitted. Some of the larvae were reared and produced a little black fly which runs actively but does not take flight so readily as most of its allies. Specimens of the fly were sent to Mr. D. W. Coquillett and were described by him as Metriocnetnus knabi '\n the Canadian Entomologist, vol. 36, p. 11. The genus Metriocnemiis had not previously been reported from the North American continent, although it is a large and widely dis- tributed one and species are known from Greenland and elsewhere in the Arctic region, Europe, South America and Australia. Apparently nothing has been made known regarding the early stages in this genus. The larvae of the present species live at the bottom of the water- filled leaf-cups of Sarraccnia purpurea, burrowing in the closely packed debris composed of the fragments of decayed insects ; evidently their food is from this source. These larvae, unlike those of most species of Chironomidas, make no tubes. Upon the first occasion only larvae were found, but this is doubtless because the pupae were not discovered in their unusual situation. Upon August 23 the locality was visited again and this time pupce were found — in a most abnormal situation for a chironomid. Upon the inner surface of the pitcher, just above the water level, was a mass of a clear gelatinous substance, and within this the pupa was suspended in a perpendicular position, head uppermost. Some- times there were a number of these pup^ in a row, each in its own globule of jelly. When the larvae pupate close to each other the gel- atine secreted by them forms a confluent mass. The jelly mass of an isolated pupa is elongate, slightly flattened, and its lower end extends slightly into the water. So transparent is the jelly that the lower sub- merged end is scarcely visible, but its tip is indicated by a more opaque portion, which is the cast off larval skin. By this contact with the water the jelly mass is prevented from drying up before the imago can June, 1905. J Knab : Inhaiutant OF Sarracenia Purpurea. 71 emerge. When the imago is about to emerge the pupa wriggles to the surface of the gelatinous case. The fly is disclosed within two or three days after pupation. The writer has found an account of one other species of Chironomi- d^e which pupates within a gelatinous case, but under widely different conditions. It is the European Cliironomits iiii?iiitiis Y.Qit., of which the early stages are made known by T. H. Taylor in Miall and Ham- mond's "The Harlequin Fly," p. 11-13. The larva of this insect pupates within a gelatinous case attached to a submerged stone in a stream. The case is perforated by a passage occupied by the pupa and by constant undulations of the pupal body a current of water is kept flowing through the case. On the other hand, the larva of our Metriocnemus forms its gelat- inous case above the surface of the water, and there is no passage through the gelatine, but the pupa hangs imbedded in the mass. The pupa, unless disturbed, remains motionless until the time of emer- gence. The pupa is remarkable also in the entire absence of breath- ing organs, usually present in chironomid pupce either in the form ot " trumpets " or as tufts of filaments. In the pupa of the above-men- tioned Chiroiwmus niinutiis the respiratory trumpets are present, but are extremely small. O. A. Johannsen, in "Aquatic Insects in New York State," has described the pupa^ of two species of Chironomid^e, which apparently are also without breathing organs. The pupa ot Diamesa waltlii Meigen is stated to be destitute of the thoracic respi- ratory appendages, but it is suggested that the three pairs of short hollow filaments at the tip of the last segment may have a respiratory function. In the description of the pupa of TJialassoniyia ohsciira (Johan.) no mention is made of respiratory organs, and from the ac- companying figure it is to be inferred that they are absent. While no direct statement is made of the pupal habitat of these two species, it appears that pupation takes place within the case previously occupied by the larva. Meirlociicinus knabi appears to have a wide distribution and its range is probably limited only by that of its host-plant. In addition to the locality first mentioned, a bog at Wilbraham, Mass., in which Sarra- cenia purpurea flourishes, furnished me both larvae and purpje on Au- gust 28, 1903. Early in the spring of 1904, Dr. Geo. Dimmock collected numerous larvae of various sizes near Springfield, Mass. The larvae, with those of Wyeomyia smithii, were found in the frozen con- tents of the pitcher plant leaves. Some of these larvK, under the 72 Journal Nf.w York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. influence of indoor temperature, soon pupated and tlie first imago ap- peared upon March 15 after a pupal period of three days. LarvDe of this species were collected from Sarraceiiia leaves by Dr. A. D. Hopkins at Boardman, N. C, on April 4, 1904. In the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History are larvre taken from leaves of Safracc/iia purpurea at Cedar Lake, Illinois, on June 19, 1892. From the data given it appears that the larva? may be found at all seasons of the year and that there are no well marked broods. Development proceeds more or less rapidly, de- pending upon the necessarily variable food supply and upon the tem- j)erature. Like the larva of Wyeomyia that of Metriocnenius is extremely hardy and can linger a long time without food. Of those collected in August, and kept in the original liquid in a tin covered breeding jar, some were still alive early the following April and some few of these completed their transformation ; the remainder however were all dead by the end of the month. Following are descriptions of the larva and pupa of Metriocuemus knabi. Larva (fig. l). Form long and slendci", of the ordinary cliirononiid type. Length about 7 rnni. Color very pale yellow, the head and the appendages of the ninth abdominal segment bright brownish yellow. The body is sufiiciently translu- cent to permit the dark digestive tract and the tracheal tubes (in the form of two sil- very sinuate lines) to be readily seen. The tracheal tubes are well developed and may be distinguished through their whole course, until they break up into finer branches in the head and in the nintli abdominal segment. Head rather small, longer than wide, tapering slightly towards the front. The foramen very wide, broadly margined with black. Clypeus prominent, about half the width of the head. Eyes small, in front of the middle, almost lateral. Antenna; (fig. 2) inserted well forward, rather prominent, of four segments ; the basal segment large and stout, about three times as long as wide ; second segment very slender, about a third the length of the first ; third segment still more slender and shorter than the second ; fourth segment very small and slender, tapering to a point ; upon the apex of the basal segment, inserted beside the second segment, is a large spine or appendiculate segment equalling in length the three outer segments. Mandibles (fig. 3) promi- nent, stout at base ; the outer half slender, curved, tapering to a point and with four teeth upon the inner margin ; basal portion greatly dilated and hollowed out, with a large opening upon the inner side ; attached to the inner side near the base is a fan- shaped brush of 7 or 8 long hairs with a common base. Labrum (fig. 4) large and rounded, hinged to the head by a narrower flexible strip; the front of the labrum projects over and bears a number of spines and setre ; beneath, well forward and medianly, is a group of curious ciliate appendages and outward from these, a pair of stout curved appendages with densely tufted apices projects downward. These last mentioned appendages appear to correspond to the "mouth tufts" of mosciuito larvffi. Beneath, the head is flattened and the epicranial plates are completely fused. June, 1905] Knab : Inharitant OF Sarracenia Purpurea. 73 On each side of the mouth a large, broadly rounded, flat lobe projects forward, cov- ering the base of the mandible. Scattered over its surface are a number of setigerous papillce and along the inner margin several spines. At the apex are the minute rudi- mentary maxillae. The labial (fig. 4) plate is very large with a median slightly toothed portion flanked on each side by five larger teeth. Overlapped by the labial plate, and of similar outline with it, is the hypopharynx which bears an elaborate arrangement of spines and selx. Body of 13 segments, of nearly equal diameter throughout. Protlioracic segment somewhat longer than the succeeding ones ; anteriorly, upon its ventral surface is a large retractile proleg. This is very broad, about three fourths the width of the segment, and about half its length when extended. It is cleft for a short distance and the two lobes are crowned with a dense brush of coarse simple hairs. Behind these brushes are fine transverse ridges beset with minute spines, and these ridges are placed in a series of about twenty closely set rows. The meso- and metathoracic segments are short and almost fused together. There are no appendages of any kind until the ninth and tenth abdominal segments are reached (fig. 5)- The ninth abdominal segment bears dorsally and ventrally a pair of tubular appendages, broadened at the base and bearing at the apex a group of six stout and long black setae. The anal segment is short and less in diameter than the preceding ones. At its tip, dorsally, are four small leaf like blood gills and below these a pair of fleshy extensible prolegs. The prolegs bear a circlet of large hooks of varying shapes and nearly all of them dentate (figs. 6-1 1). Pzi/xi (figs. 12, 13). Form rather elongate. Length 3.5 to 4 mm. Color cream yellow, the disc of the thorax pale brownish yellow. Eyes ferruginous, the very small accessory eye black. Eyes prominent and near the apex of the pupa, the minute accessory eye below the compound eye and in contact with it. The antenna; pass behind the eyes in a prominent ridge. The wing pads extend nearly to the lower margin of the second abdominal segment. Segments 2-8 with a dorsal trans- verse ridge above the hind margin crowned by a crowded row of minute, rounded spines pointing backward ; a ferruginous line along their base. A fine dark line defines the front margin of the scuta on these segments. Dorsally at the base of segments 3-8 there is an area densely clothed with coarse bristles, concolorous with the body. The ventral surface of the abdomen is glabrous. At the tip of the body are four rather small laminate appendages which are margined with ferruginous. The larger upper pair lies in a transverse plane, the lower pair is turned obliquely downward. E.XPLANATION OF PlATE VI. RTetriocneinus knabi Coq. Fig. I. Larva. Fig. 2. Antenna of larva. Fig. 3. Mandible. Fig. 4. I,abial plate, hypopharynx and labrum (a part of the overhanging dorsal surface of the labrum is seen above). Fig. 5. Ninth and tenth abdominal segments of larva. Figs. 6-1 1. Hooks of posterior prolegs. Fig. 12. Pupa in its gelatinous case. Fig. 13. Tip of pupal abdomen, dorsal view. 74 Journal New York Entomological Society, [Voi. xiii. A NEW MOSQUITO. By Harrison G. Dyar, Washington, D. C. Culex mitchellge, new species. This form was collected by nie in southern Georgia and Florida in temporary pools of fresh water. The adult resembles soUicitans, but the wing scales are wholly black, the first tarsal joint is devoid of a light colored median band and the light colored scales of the legs are pure white instead of yellow. Types, 6i specimens, U. S. National Museum, type No. 8407 ; one 9 selected as the type is from Jackson- ville, Fla. , the larvae in dirty recently dug holes along the railroad. Other localities are Green Cove Springs in temporary pools in the pines, Magnolia Springs in pools in swampy land, Kissimmee, in ditch, puddles and pools at the edge of swampy land, Pokatee, Fla., in a hole with old tin cans and rotton wood, and in the pine barrens of southern Georgia in a puddle by the railroad at a siding. The larva closely re- sembles that of so/Iicitans, but the air tube is considerably longer, being fully three times as long as wide, while the spines of the comb are un- usually long and thorn-shaped. It gives me pleasure to name this species in honor of Miss Evelyn G. Mitchell. Class I, HEXAPODA. Order XI, ORTHOPTERA. THE COULEE CRICKET OF CENTRAL WASH- INGTON. (PERANABRUS SCABRI- COLLIS THOMAS.) By Robert E. Snodgrass, Stanford University, Cal. (Plates I and II.) " Coulee Cricket " is a name that may be appropriately given in the state of Washington to the large cricket-like Locustid, Perana- briis scabricollis Thomas, that lives in such immense bands in the northern half of Douglas county. The name is fitting because the insects are found principally in or about the dry canons known as coulees, the chief of which are two great gorges named Grand Coulee and Moses Coulee. June, 1905.J Snodgrass : The Coulee Cricke'j-. 75 The insects are large, fat, soft-bodied creatures, about an inch and a half in length and of a dark reddish-brown color. The males (fig. i) have very short wings used for stridiilating only ; the females (fig. 2 ) are wingless. They live in bands of many hundred thousands, perhaps millions of individuals and have lately become a menace to crops. In most places they live on desert or "scab-land" areas where there is noth- ing of importance for them to destroy. Some of the bands, how- ever, are migratory, and during the last few years have made their way into cultivated parts, doing considerable damage to unprotected fields of young wheat, and of course threatening with destruction any country in their line of march — for they clear off nearly everything as they advance. One of these moving bands coming toward Waterville from the south side of the Badger mountains was visited by the writer the first part of June in 1903. A stationary band living about a mile and a half east of Coulee City was visited during the latter part of June in 1902, and the same site was visited again in June of 1903, but there were then no crickets to be found there. The crickets were observed also during July of 1902 from Coulee City south along the east side of Grand Coulee as far as the railroad station of Adrian. Nothing has yet been recorded concerning the hatching of the eggs or the growth of the young crickets. By the first of June, how- ever nearly all reach maturity and adult life continues from then until the middle of July. The adult crickets are fat and lazy-looking creatures, living on the ground and in the low bushes of the arid region they inhabit. The majority of them keep moving about most of the time, but, except when migrating, they go in no general direction and the confines of the band remain pretty definite. On the other hand, many may be seen remaining motionless for a long time, especially while sitting in the bushes. Their customary gait is a slow walk, but when disturbed they jump. Their rate of progression when on an ordinary walk is about ten feet a minute. ^Vhen they jump they cover at one leap from three to four inches. They have no fear of a person and only get out of one's path to avoid being stepped on. If allowed to do so they will climb all over one's clothes and even to the top of one's hat. Workmen that learn to disregard them often become covered by them while working or standing in an infested field. 7G Journal Nkw York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii The males and females do not differ in their ordinary habits, ex- cept that most of the time the males perform a chirping stridulation with their short wings. The females are wingless and consequently silent. The usual chirps of the male are uttered in regular and rather slow succession, averaging between 90 and 100 a minute. One, while stridulating for three minutes, made 97, 97 and 96 chirps a minute respectively. When disturbed, they stridulate sharply and rapidly in short, quick series of chirps having a decidedly angry tone. Their food may be said to consist normally of plants. In some places they completely strip the vegetation of leaves and blossoms, and, where migrating leave behind them a great tract of devastation. On the other hand, individuals in stationary bands may be watched for a long time and never be seen to eat of the plants they inhabit. Where such bands exist the vegetation shows no evidence of the presence of the insects. Although their appetite for plant food is thus rather erratic, and hard to account for in its variation, they have a liking for flesh that is insatiable and which, owing to the absence of other means for satisfying it, commonly leads to cannibalism. It is a frequent sight to see one or several individuals eagerly devouring one of their comrades, the latter generally not yet dead. They apparently never attack and disable a healthy individual, but, whenever one becomes in- jured or weakened from any cause his neighbors at once turn upon and devour him alive. Mercy or feeling for another's pain are sentiments they have no notion of. Since an individual does not die until almost completely destroyed, many gruesome sights may be seen. Such fragments as a head, one side of the body, the ovipositor and a leg or so remain alive, and the palpi and ovipositor move about and the legs kick until all is devoured. A female was observed eagerly feeding on the viscera of a male who was lying on his back. She was pulling the intestine out through a hole in the side of the male's abdomen regardless of the kicking and struggling of the victim. Presently another male came along and shared in the feast, the poor male that was having his vitals pulled out of his body struggling still more desperately, but this did not appear to affect the appetites of his devourers. Soon the female pulled off a leg and sucked out the contents through the open end with great relish. Then she went back to feeding through the hole in the abdomen. In another interesting case a male was seen carrying off a live head and thorax with most of the alimentary canal attached. Two other June, 1905] Snodgrass : The Coui.ee Cricket. 77 individuals made pursuit, one catching hold of the protruding viscera and pulling out a long piece of intestine. The other pursuer immedi- ately grabbed the other end of the piece and for a while they had a fierce tug of war for possession. Finally one gave up and the other ate the capture. Then both hurried again after the first one but he had made good his evasion. Such cannibalistic sights are common. If an individual is injured and thrown among the others he is at once attacked and eaten. But fresh meat of any sort is devoured with equal avidity. During the early part of the mornings there are generally to be seen a large num- ber of half dead females being eaten. The females apparently weaken and die on the morning after they lay their eggs. These spent females form the breakfast of a large number of the well ones. The crop contents of several individuals taken in the midst of a cannibalistic meal consisted of a dark brown, pulpy mass. Many other crops taken from specimens of the Coulee City band contained the same sort of mass. In fact, only one was found containing vege- table matter — a green, pasty mass easily recognizable as plant food. Only one or two individuals were ever seen here feeding on vegeta- tion ; they appeared to subsist almost entirely on one another, especi- ally on the females that succumbed in the mornings. This, however, as before stated, is not true of all the bands. Those in the Badger Mountains were seen voraciously .feeding on vegetation, and in several places young wheat fields have been completely destroyed by them. The large band that in the summer of 1902 was living about a mile and a half east of Coulee City was apparently a stationary colony. Residents in and about Coulee City said the crickets had been at the same place in about the same numbers for years back. They knew nothing of migratory habits in connection with them. The writer observed the females laying eggs here in abundance during June of 1902. When the site of the colony was visited again during the same month in 1903 not a cricket was to be found. Nobody knew anything about them except that they had not been seen as customary in other years. But no one could state whether they had hatched out in the spring and had later moved off, or whether the eggs never hatched. What actually became of this band is still to be determined. The migratory bands live on the west side of Grand Coulee and have mostly started from the southern end of Moses Coulee. The writer visited one of these travelling hordes that had made its way in a 78 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xui. northeast direction across the Badger Mountains to within six or seven miles of Waterville by the 9th of June, 1903. A force of men was at work in front of them constructing a low fence to prevent their farther advance toward the wheat fields a mile or so beyond at the base of the mountains. These crickets were said to have travelled fifteen miles during the three weeks previous. Two years ago they came up out of the southern part of Moses Coulee and caused the farmers a great deal of trouble about Southside. Their migration this year toward Waterville from Southside over the Badger Mountains is their first visit to this region. Where the crickets were checked by the fence they became densely massed and the vegetation was here utterly ravished by them. One could discern from a distance a striking contrast on the opposite sides of the fence. Evidently the insects here travelled for food. During the morning and the early part of the afternoon the mem- bers of this travelling community behaved the same as those of the stationary Coulee City band. But the men at work along the fence confidently stated that between three and four o'clock in the afternoon the crickets would begin to travel, and that soon the ground would be covered by a dense crawling mass of the insects all moving steadily along in one direction. This prediction the writer saw verified the same day. In any band the members are most of the time moving about but they simply go back and forth in any direction. Here, however, a little after three o'clock in the afternoon, many of the crickets were to be seen walking continuously along in a northeast direction. To- ward four o'clock the number moving thus had greatly increased, while shortly after four not an individual was stationary — all were moving silently and steadily along in an unswerving course to the northeast. An average rate of progress was ten or twelve feet a minute. Feeding had entirely ceased and all individuals that were in the bushes came down to the ground which now became crowded. If any one lagged he was simply hustled along by those coming behind. Soon they became so massed that it was impossible for any one of them to go in any other direction than that of the crowd or even to stand still. Near the fence, which was placed across the predicted line of march the scene was something marvellous. Over thousands of square feet the crickets were simply massed together, there being on much of this crowded area actually a cricket to every June, 1905.] Snodgkass : The Coulee Cricket. 79 scjuare inch of surface. About fifteen crossed any given point every minute. Between two points two inches apart one hundred and fifty crossed in five minutes, and, by another count ninety in three minutes, either giving thirty in one minute. This would be fifteen in single file. When they reached the fence they systematically turned to the right, /. e., to the east, whether the ground sloped uphill or downhill, and travelled parallel with the fence. A i&w tried to climb over. The fence consisted merely of six-inch boards set on edge, banked with earth on the side away from the crickets, and topped with a strip of tin projecting about an inch toward them and bent slightly down- ward. Many miles of this had been constructed in the Badger Mountains and it effectually kept the crickets back from the wheat fields in the valley below. By means of ditches and holes dug along the inner side of the fence enormous numbers of the insects were cap- tured and killed. The moving horde simply flowed over the edges of these holes like some viscid liquid poured out upon the ground. Those on the rim of a hole were helplessly shoved over and in by the crowd coming behind, and in turn were followed by those that pushed them in. Thus they piled up until wagon-loads of them accumulated. Each hole soon contained a wriggling squirming, angry mass of life that extinguished itself through the fierce fighting and mutual smother- ing of the individuals thus heaped upon one another. The average daily life of an adult individual is about as follows : The first half of the morning is spent in feeding, in walking about, or in silent meditation. From about ten o'clock until noon mating takes place between the males and females. During this act the male is beneath the female. The former while courting the female chirps continually with his wings and, advancing backward and obliquely sideways toward the female from in front, tries to push his abdomen beneath hers. Sometimes the female makes no resentment but often the male has his patience sorely tried. One was observed for twenty minutes attempting to make a female accept him before she finally did so. Although the male is the active party during courtship the ferti- lization of the female depends on an act of her own. The ovipositor is directed downward or its tip braced against the ground ; the open- ing of the bursa copulatrix behind the eighth sternum is then brought against the tip of the male's abdomen. After about five minutes a large white mass of tough albuminous matter is ejected by the male 80 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. into the bursa copulatrix of the female. The pair then separates but the white mass hangs from the abdomen of the female as a large bi- lobed appendage and apparently causes her much annoyance. It is not evident what the function of this albuminous mass is, but it looks like simply a plug to close the bursa copulatrix. In the male a great mass of tubular accessory glands open into the ejaculatory duct and it must be these glands that secrete the albuminous mass.* The female often keeps the tip of her abdomen elevated to prevent the mass from dragging on the ground, for, being sticky when fresh, it becomes covered with bits of leaves and grains of sand. She attempts to rid herself of it by bending her head beneath the abdomen and chewing it off. Others assist her by eating at it until after a short time it is gone. Seldom is one seen in the afternoon with the mass adhering while it is commonly present on females in the morning between ten and twelve o'clock. No cases of mating were ever ob- served in the afternoon. Most of the afternoon is spent by the members of non-migratory bands in the same way as the early part of the morning. At about five o'clock, however, in both stationary and migratory bands, the females begin laying eggs and continue to do so until late in the evening. While ovipositing the female most commonly assumes an upright posi- tion, standing upon her hind legs beside a small bunch of grass and grasping the blades with the other legs for support (Fig. 3). The ovipositor is carefully forced down into the ground to its base. Strong peristaltic contractions of the abdomen now take place for a minute or so and then the ovipositor is withdrawn. Immediately, however, it is either poked down again into the same hole or thrust into a new place beside the first one. Thus the female continues placing a few eggs in one hole, a few in another and so on mitil a great many are laid about the roots of the same clump of grass. Often she quits one place and goes off some distance to another. In the migrating bands the females have much difficulty in depositing their eggs on account of the jostling and pushing of those moving past. Sometimes a female while ovipositing rests on the ground in the natural position and in- serts the ovipositor by drawing the tip forward beneath her and then thrusting it downward into the ground. The eggs are not inclosed in a case, each being entirely free and *See Internal Anatomy of Peranabrus scabricollis by R. E. Snodgrass — Jour- nal New York Entom. Soc, XI, p. 186, pi. XII, Fig. 8. June, 1905.] Snodgrass : The Coulee Cricket. 81 separate from the others. They are discharged from the tip of the ovipositor, passing slowly along its entire length, one at a time, by a slight movement of the blades upon one another. The latter spread apart at the tip as the eggs pass out. After laying her eggs the female apparently weakens and dies during the day following. Early in the mornings there may be seen a great many weak or half dead females lying about or being devoured by the other members of the band. Nearly all the remnants of others that have been eaten during the morning are also of females, as is attested by the uneaten ovipositors. About the middle of July, it is said, the crickets all die off, and this ends their history for the year. Toward the end of the season there must be a great preponderance of males, for the males were not ob- served to die off daily with the females. Nearly all males being eaten by others were injured individuals. In the migrating bands the next year's brood begins where the parent brood of the year before died off. Only one natural enemy of the crickets was noted. This was a large black Pompilid, Palinodes inoris Kohl., which during the season of 1902 inhabited in considerable numbers the outskirts of the Coulee City band. The wasps were seen everywhere flitting restlessly about amongst the crickets but no attacks on the latter were observed. One wasp was discovered in the act of dragging a female cricket over the ground to her barrow. The cricket was either dead or paralyzed to such a degree that it exhibited no sign of life and the wasp had her mandibles inserted into its head. On reaching the burrow the cricket was left outside for a few minutes while the wasp hurried below as if to see that all was properly prepared. She then came up and hauled the cricket down head foremost. Imraediatly afterwards she returned to the surface and flew away leaving the burrow uncovered. Many wasps were seen filling the mouths of their burrows, but in only one such dug open was a cricket found. This was a female with the head upward. During the summer of 1903 not a wasp was seen anywhere. No destructive remedy has as yet been successfully applied to these crickets. Experiments made by Professor C. V. Piper on inoculating them with the South African grasshopper fungus were unsuccessful as have been all other attempts to introduce this disease. The insects could probably be killed by rolling, burning, or by turning loose 82 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. turkeys and hogs amongst them, and they would certainly eat poisoned meat, but all of these methods are impracticable. The only successful method of combatting the moving bands is that of fencing and dilating. The fences as already described effec- tively stop their advance, but to fence in all of the country that it is possible for the crickets to travel into would be an expensive under- taking. A great many can be trapped in the ditches but a few score- wagon loads of dead crickets does not appreciably diminish the num- ber of the living. TWO INTERESTING MANTIDS FROM THE UNITED STATES. By a. N. Caudell, Washington, D. C. (Pl.\tk III.) Among the members of the order Orthoptera occurring in the southern part of the United States, making collecting in that region so interesting as well as profitable, are the two species herein considered. Both being rare, one hitherto unrecorded from our fauna, the follow- ing notes, with accompanying figures, need no excuse. Brunneria borealis Scudder. (Plate III, Fig. 3.) Brtcmieria bo?-ealis ScxxAA., Can. Ent., XXVIII, 212 (1896) ; Cat. Orth. U. S., 13 (1900). This species was described from a female nymph from the Gulf Coast of Texas, but in the original description mention is made of an adult female in the museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. These two specimens have been examined. Besides these two speci- mens I have seen two adult females in the collection of N. Banks, taken in Brazos county, Texas, and one adult female is in the National Mu- seum from Louisiana, taken by J. B. Coleman at Cowley in October, 1903. This latter specimen is the one figured. The male seems to have never been reported. It will very surely have elytra and wings about two thirds as long as the abdomen, thus agreeing with the other known species of the genus. These females are very closely allied to the South American species brasiliensis, but the supraanal plate is somewhat more elongate, meas- June, igos-i Caudell : Aplopus Mayeri, New Species. 83 uring 3 mm. in length, seemingly more nearly allied in this particular to B. subaptera. The cerci of the specimen figured were unfortunately absent and the defect in the drawing was not noticed until too late for correction. They should project beyond the tip of the supraanal plate a distance about twice the length of the latter. Vates towDsendi Rehn. (Plate III, Figs. 1-2). Trt/^j sp. Rehn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XXII, 221 (1901). Vates %^. Caud., Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash.,'':V, 165 (1903). Vates to'wnsendi V^t^n, Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, XXVII, 573 (1904). As indicated by the above bibliography, this handsome insect was twice recognized in the immature state before the adult was made known. The type specimens were taken by C. H. T. Townsend at Zapotlan, Jalisco, Mexico. Its first recognition from the United States was as a nymph from Arizona, but recently the U. S. National Museum has acquired by purchase from the collector, Mr. E. J. Oslar, two ma- ture males from Nogales, x^rizona, collected on June 14 and July 18. These specimens are the ones here figured. APLOPUS-^'- MAYERI, NEW SPECIES. By a. N. Caudell, Washington, D. C. The Phasmid described and figured by the writer as Haplopus evadne of Westwood (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. , xxvii, 950, 1904) is not that species, the male having been found to be brachypterous. A number of specimens of both sexes were taken in Florida, Dry Tor- tugas, Loggerhead Key, by Dr. A. G. Mayer. The specimen figured at the above reference is really a male and not a female as there stated. The restored tip of the abdomen however very well represents that of the true female as represented by specimens in the present collection. The female agrees in structure with the male except that the form is more robust and the pronotum and mesonotum are not so smooth and ^Aplopus was used prior to Gray's work by Megerle von Muehlfeld but seems to not have been used in a valid sense. Thus Gray's name is not invalidated by it. Aplopus l^eing the original spelling, sliould be used, not the emendation Haplopus of Bunneister. 84 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. are more thickly spinose, the spines, however, smaller than those of the male. The antennre of both sexes are about the length repre- sented in the restoration in the figure, the basal segment quite strongly depressed, especially at the base, and considerably thicker than the succeeding ones, the entire antenna gradually tapering to a fine point. The elytra are generally tumid centrally. The males usually, but not always, have the abdominal segments laterally marked longitudinally with white and the margination of the elytra seems quite constant in that sex. As suggested in the former article, the chalky markings of the body are not constant. The end of the male abdomen is very moderately swollen, the seventh and eighth segments subequal, the ninth very slightly shorter, sub(iuadrate, apically subtruncate, mesially very obscurely emarginate ; the operculum reaching the apex of the eighth segment. The cerci are very stout, slightly recurved, cylindri- cal, bluntly terminated organs about as long as the ninth abdominal seg- ment and directed backward, a little downward and scarcely inward. The intermediate and posterior femora of both sexes are usually armed for their entire length beneath on the median line with from five to seven black spines, the apical two moved forward to the anterior carina and opposite them, on the hinder margin, is a single small spine ; all the femorae have the geniculations spinose on both sides, those of the anterior pair the least developed. The anterior femora are armed below on the apical third with a couple of very small spines. The measurements of a typical pair are as follows : Entire length male, go mm., female, including the oviscapt 125 mm.; antennae, male, 53 mm., female, 45 mm.; mesonotum, male, 20 mm., female, 26 mm.; metanotum, male, 6 mm., female, 6 mm.; intermediary seg- ment, male, 7 mm., female, 8 mm.; elytra, male, 7 mm., female, 8.5 mm.; anterior femora, male, 20 mm., female, 20 mm.; intermediate femora, male, 16 mm., female 17 mm.; posterior femora, male, 21 mm., female, 22 mm,; oviscapt, female, beyond the tip of the abdo- men, 12 mm.; median width, mesonotum, male, 3 mm., female, 5.5 mm.; second abdominal segment, male. 2.75 mm., female, 5.5 mm. Types in the Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sci- ences, I5rooklyn N. Y. , and cotypes in the National Museum, Wash- ington, D. C. In many particulars this species seems near Aplopiis microptcrus but the shorter wings and other less noticeable characters seem to separate them. It is also closely allied to A. scabricollis Gray, as June, igos] PACKARD: CoLOR IN A FlOWER SpIDER. 85 stated in a letter from Mr. W. F. Kirby, to whom specimens were submitted ; but that is a larger species with a considerably longer oviscapt in the female. The location of this species in the genus Aplopus is merely tentative, the brachypterous males excluding it from this genus unless the male of inicroptenis, the type, is proved to be also brachypterous. In that case the species with macropterous males would necessarily take another generic name. Class III, ARACHNIDA. Order II, ARANEIDA. CHANGE OF COLOR AND PROTECTIVE COLORA- TION IN A FLOWER-SPIDER. (MISUMENA VATIA THORELL). Bv Alphels S. Packard, LL.D., Proviuen'ce, K. I. My attention was called to this interesting subject in the summer of 1903, by observing the adaptation or "mimicry" of our common Misumena vatia Thorell (^Tliomisus fartus Hentz) to the hues of the petals of the daisy fleabane {Erigefon anni/i/s) in blossom at Mere- l)oint, Brunswick, Maine, July iS. It was then my impression that this spider was known to change its color, and I suppose that this took place within a short period — a few days at least — but on trying to find mention of such rapid or any other change of color I was unable to meet with any such notices. As for my own experience previous to last year I have only a vague recollection of seeing many years ago on a tree or flower a yellow Misumena. On inquiry of Mr. Nathan Banks, he very kindly called my attention to a brief note by James Angus in the American Naturalist, Vol. XVI, p. loio, which says: "I suppose you know the little flower spiders, that conceal themselves in the flowers, and seize any unwary insect that may chance to come within their reach. I have generally found them white and yellow. I suspected they changed their color, and by experiment I find that this is so. If I take a white one and put it on a sunflower, it will get quite yellow in from two to three days. I believe they capture almost anything, but they seemed to be partial to the bees. I 86 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. found one the other clay with a wasp ; the latter was not yet dead, but it was tightly held by the throat by the spider. The next day the wasp was found lying dead under the flower." Mr. Banks also wrote me October 7, 1903, as follows : "I do not remember tliat there has ever been published any posith'e evidence that Misiimetia vatia or the closely allied Rnnchiia aleatoria ever change their colors. Of both species yellow and white specimens are found sometimes marked with red. I think Miss Treat once published a note to the effect that Misunieiia when placed on a different flower returned to its former flower. There is a case on record (Nature, 13 April, 1893, p. 558) where a Mr. Bell states that an African bluish spider when captured turned brownish, and afterwards gradually recovered its bluish color, per- haps from fright ! " Personally, I believe JMisnmena changes color, at least from white to yellow. From old notes I take the following : Early in the spring where the principal large flowers are white Trillium (wake-robin) I have found many white Misumena with a red stripe ; later, when the Trilliuvis were faded, there were many Misumena on the yellow dog-tooth violet; these were all yellow, with red stripe. On this area were no white flowers then, and no Misumenas to be seen except on the Erythroniums. "This, of course, is no proof, but evidence. I don't see anything strange or rather new if they did change color. For the young Misumena is neither white nor yellow, and without red stripes. Yet from these almost hyaline young grow spiders, some white, some yellow, some with red stripes. Therefore it would seem that their color depends upon their surroundings. If these surroundings can develop a yellow from hyaline, why not yellow from white ? " I have seen Misumenas on flowers and plants with which their colors did not .harmonize ; and there is variation in the shade of yellow and in size of red stripes .and, with Runcinia, in the number of these stripes." On the i8th of July, 1903, I detected a medium sized Misitviena •valid holding in its jaws a green fly {Luci/ia ccesar). It had fastened its jaws in between the head and thorax, and there remained motionless :several minutes until I touched the tip of the fly's wing, the fly being dead, and disturbed the spider so that it let the fly drop to the ground. The flower of this fleabane is like an aster, /. ^., with a bright yellow center and pale, whitish lilac petals. The abdomen of this spider was yellowish and the head, thorax and legs pale whitish, but not snow- white, and more livid than the petals of the flower when the spider was resting directly on top, but when the legs were held obliciuely so that the light was oblique, the hue or effect was exactly like that of the petals, so that it was a decided case of cryptic or protective mimicry. A couple of days after I found several more half grown sjjiders on the same kind of flower, one had seized a small fly by the neck. One was found on the ox-eye daisy or white weed ; it sat on one side of June, I905 ] PACKARD: CoLOR IN A FlOWER SpIDER. 87 the yellow center, on the white petals ; the fly alights on the flower, probes the yellow flowerets head-down, when it is seized by the neck and its blood is sucked ; this spider and two others on the fleabane were all whitish, both cephalothorax and abdomen, the latter whiter than the cephalothorax and legs. No yellow ones were seen this sea- son, but it did not occur to me to look for them on the golden rod. I tried several experiments to see if these spiders would change colors. I enclosed one small one in a test tube on the red corolla of Ritdbeckia for an hour, without any perceptible change, and again put six in the tube for a day without any change. Four of the Miswnena were kept for four or five days in a bottle filled with wild rose leaves but no change was observed. They were fed with house flies and never appeared to see or notice the flies until the victim actually flew or ran directly into the jaws of the spider. Also in neither season did I find any reddish spiders on the wild rose. The remaining observations were made at Merepoint, in July, Au- gust and September of 1904. On the 8th July of I found two on the buttercup ; neither were yellow, but of the usual pale slightly green- ish tint; a small one detected on the 12th was of a slight yellowish green. July 12 two decidedly white ones occurred on the buttercup, one with a red stripe on each side of the white abdomen. I placed two of them in a bottle filled with buttercup flowers, and kept them for three or four days without noticing any change of color. Four examples were collected from the ox-eye daisy, but none were yellow, one was whitish and the other greenish. One large one was yellowish green. July 14 I put one in a box filled with heads of the ox-eye daisy, it was faint yellowish, while one in a test-tube with the same kind of flower is yellowish green. A rather large M. vatia was found with an Aiuirena bee 12 mm. long in its jaws. I lined a glass bottle with tiger lily leaves and left a large white one with red lateral stripes in it for three or four days, but no change resulted. After this, with the flowering of the golden rod, the prevalent color became yellow. The golden rods began to flower July 31, and on that day five small whitish ones with no yellow tinge were found on the freshly opened flowers. Four days after (August 4), when more Soli- dago flowers had opened six small spiders were picked off, and one half-grown spider all yellow, distinctly so, the cephalothorax and 88 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. abdomen above and beneath, and also the legs. This is the.-first yel- low one I have seen for some years. The yellow hue is uniform, though the abdomen was a little deeper in hue than the rest of the body. Two days later (August 6) the yellow ones had greatly increased in number with the blossoming of additional i)lants of the So/idago, for now ten yellow ones were found to one on the 4th. The spiders were thoroughly well protected from observation, both by their pale yellow color, and by their habit of hiding among the greenish yellow calices of the flowers, not resting as a rule on top of flowers. Was the change of color due to alteration of the pigment, or to color-preference ? Had the yellow ones simply gathered on the newly opened golden rod and come from the yellow flowers? Evidently not, because there were no other abundant yellow flowers, the buttercup having mostly gone out of blossom, and the only other flowers on which they had been detected were the fleabane, ox-eye daisy, and wild rose, these being the commonest flowers at Merepoint. During the latter part of August yellow ones prevailed on the golden rod. On the 12th I found three rather large yellow Af. vatia on the golden rod, one large one striped on the side of the cephal- othorax and abdomen. Only the young ones were whitish. It seems quite apparent that the yellow ones have more or less gradually changed, since they are not of the exact shade of yellow, the hues diff"ering in intensity as if they had gradually become adapted to the change of color, and they are all yellow with a shade or tinge of green so that they are more in harmony with the general greenish yellow of the heads of the flowers among which they hide ; as they are not, at first at least, of a uniform deep straw-yellow it is evidently a case of gradual adaptation, and not simple color preference, which assumes that the spiders were originally yellow and migrated to the Solidago from some other plants. August 15 I found two small white ones on the golden rod and three or four yellow ones, and through the month middle and large- sized yellow ones occurred, with young colorless or whitish ones. That they do change in consequence of adaptation to the yellow of the golden rod seems quite satisfactorily demonstrated by my beating from the golden rod, eighteen M. vatia into the umbrella, all of which were distinctly yellow, besides an additional small whit- ish one. June, 1905.] Packard: Color in a Flower Spider. 89 Afterwards at Intervale, N. H., on September 8 and 9, I found the yellow ones on Solidago canadensis, the most common species, and on S. ritgosa, less common there, although this is the most common. Quite small yellow ones occurred, and at Providence several large deep uniform yellow ones. Afterwards, on September 16, at Chocorua, five or six yellow M. vatia occurred on the golden rod (6". nigosa'), one young M. vatia was yellow, the other greenish-yellow, all the young being distinctly yel- low ; one large example of a deep yellow. Not a single white half- grown or fully grown was seen. September 17 in collecting I had the same experience as on the previous day ; I found several young M. vatia which were yellowish and two large fully grown deep yellow ones, but no white ones oc- curred. On the red flowers of Canna occurred one full grown M. vatia with greenish cephalothorax and legs and a white abdomen. I beat the heads of a patch of life everlasting, comprising over 100 or 200 flowers, without finding a single spider on them, and none oc- curred in the few white and purple asters examined. On reaching Providence, after considerable search I found but a single M. vatia on the golden rod, on the other hand M. asperata was the common species here, during the last week of September. Although the general effect is reddish, the ground color is pale yel- lowish ; though in large ones the ground hue is often reddish. One yellowish one occurred on a small sunflower. It molted September 26. By the 4th or 5th of October, very few were seen, as they had apparently left the plants and gone into winter quarters. At Chocorua yellow M. asperata occurred on the sunflower and also on a yellow gilly flower, or a similar plant. Occurrence of a white M. vatia on a white golden rod. — At Inter- vale, N. H., I found two white 9 M. vatia on the pale whitish golden rod (6". bicolor), and as stated above I found a white 9 01^ the same species of golden rod at Providence. It was marked with red on the sides, as usual . Occurrence of M. vatia on the sunflower. — At Intervale I found a large deep yellow spider of this species on the wild sunflower, Helian- thus decapetalus. Experimetital proof of change of color. — On the 9th of August I enclosed two white Af. vatia in a bag made of mosquito netting and ■tied over a head of the flowers of the golden rod. On the 15th on 90 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. opening the bag I found one which had grown larger, but still re- mained white, certainly not yellow. August 20 I again opened the bag ; the largest one was greenish white on the cephalothorax and legs, but the abdomen was pale yel- lowish ; the smaller one had become yellowish all over, the body and legs distinctly yellowish, and the abdomen a little deeper yellow. This seemed a good test, and so far as a single experiment indicates, it shows that the change of color does occur in middle life, or when the spider is about half grown. The change evidently takes place in the pigment of the integument, as the result of exposure to yellow light reflected from the yellow flowers. In this way the spiders be- come adapted to their yellow environment. The change requires certainly more than two or three days, /. e., about a week or ten days. Thus on the 23d of August I placed a single white M. vatia found the day previous on the golden rod, in a bag containing a full head of yellow golden rods, and on opening it three days after (the 26th) it had not changed. On September 3 I opened the same bag and found the cast skin of the same white spider, the spider was not of full size, it was not distinctly yellow, being still whit- ish, with a greenish abdomen but slightly tinged with yellow. There was a dark green line on each side of the cephalothorax. Unfortu- nately the bag was not again opened, as I failed to return to Merepoint and was thus prevented from afterwards examining the specimen. Previously Published Notes on Change of Color IN Flower Spiders. The foregoing observations were made and written out either before meeting with the published observations of others, or if read in former years they had been forgotten. Besides the note published by Mr. Angus, Mrs. Mary Treat -'^ states that Thoiii/sus celer which lives in the heart of roses is nearly of the same shade of color as the red flower, and that when the spider is "waiting for prey she cuddles down in the center of the flower and erects her legs, when it is almost impossible to distinguish them from the imperfect scattering stamens." Mrs. Treat also observed a spider catch a butterfly, and adds that she had often noticed the remains of of night-flying moths scattered near her, which she had evidently captured during the night, * My garden pets, Boston, 18S7, p. 12. June, 1905.] Packard : Color in a Flower Spider. 91 That butterflies may occasionally be seized and destroyed by these voracious spiders is farther proved by Mr. Firmen * quoted by Mrs. Peckham. He once saw two butterflies " in the clutches of a spider," and on another occasion "witnessed the actual capture of a small blue butterfly {^Lycicnestes^ by a white spider of the same genus" ( Thomisi/s^. Returning to the subject of a change to rose-red, which I have not myself observed, Firmen mentions seeing at Cape Town a species "of the exact rose-red of the flowers of the oleander; and to more effectually conceal it, the palpi, tops of cephalothorax, and four lat- eral stripes on the abdomen, are white, according remarkably with the irregular white marking so frequent on the petals oi Nerium.'' Rev. O. P. Cambridge f has found Thoinisi/s oniisfiis Y>\nk when upon heather blossoms, and quotes Rev. C. W. Penny to the effect that it is yellow when upon yellow blossoms. Prof. Edouard Heckel % has described and illustrated with two colored plates the color variations of Thoviisiis onustus — a species abundant in the south of France. This spider frequents the flowers of Convolvulus arvemis, and is so abundant during the months of August and September that nearly every plant has its spider ; it is evident, therefore, that, in spite of the numerous insect visitors to these flowers, there must be a certain amount of competition for food among the spiders ; this is especially the case if it be true that the spider limits itself almost exclusively to two Diptera, ignoring the other insects. The flowers of this Convolvulus show three varieties : one is pure white ; another pink, with traces of a vinous red externally ; while the third is a paler pink tinged with green externally. These three varieties of the Con- volvulus are inhabited by three varieties of the Thoviisus which corre.spond exactly in their hues with the flower, with the exception of the one which lives in the white flowers ; this variety of spider has a blue cross on the abdomen, and the extremities of its legs are likewise bluish. Blue, however, may be suggestive of shadow, and not render the animal very conspicuous. These three varieties do not embrace all the colour modifications of which the spider is susceptible ; it becomes a dark red when upon the flowers of Dahlia versicolor, which has a similar colour, and yellow when upon the flowers of the yellow Antirrhinum majus. That I failed to find any bluish individuals is probably due to in- complete observations, since bluish individuals may yet occur in New England. That no pink ones occurred in the flowers of the wild rose examined may be due to the fact that those found by me may not have * Protective resemblances and " Mimicry " in animals, p. 4. t Spiders of Dorset. X Bulletin Sc. France et Belgique, XXIII, 1S91. Quoted from Beddard's Ani- mal Coloration, p. III. 92 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. been long enough exposed to the reflections of the roseate petals of this flower. Beddard (Animal Coloration, jx 113) suggests that the yellow color of the Thomisus onusitis is " not adaptation but simply due to age." It once occurred to me that this might be the case, but I think that the facts I have stated are more strongly in favor of a slow adap- tive change, and it is disproved by the fact that old, fully grown white examples frequently occur throughout the last of the summer season. Mr. Cook,* referring to what was ■^xohdX'Ay Misumena vatia, quotes from an article by L. C. Palmer, "an intelligent observer, but not a naturalist," to the effect that he found a species of spider near Phila- delphia which was purple on the purple boneset, pure white on the white panicle of the boneset proper, while on the golden rods it was yellow. In Italy Pavesi " finds that this same species when living on flowers is white, or white and yellow with red stripes on the abdomen ; but that when found among the grass it is grass-green, with dark, obscure stripes on the cephalothorax and palpi." (Quoted by Mrs. Peckham, 1. c, p. 88.) Mr. Emerton f found M. asperata perched on a flower of sorrel {Rumex acefose/ia), its colors being exactly those of the flowers. In " The Common Spidersof the United States " (1902) he states that the Afisi/i/ienas live on plants, among the flowers, especially on large flat clusters like those of carrot and thoroughwort. " Whether," he says, " spiders prefer flowers colored like themselves is an unsettled ques- tion ; at any rate Misunienas of all colors and both sexes have been found in white flowers. Occasionally individuals are found on flowers of exactly the same color as themselves ; for example, deep yellow AT. aleatoria on the wild indigo Baptisia tinctoria, and the reddish M. as- perata on the flowers of sorrel." The probable cause of the chait<:;e of color. — The change of color in the flower spiders appears to be due primarily to the direct action of the sun's light, and secondarily to the absorption of the color light-rays by the pigment of the integument. That it is obviously in no way the result of the food is e\ident, because these spiders feed upon the colorless blood of insects. We know nothing of the immediate cause of such changes, which occur during the life-time of the indi- * American spiders and their spinning work, II, p. 36S, 1S90. •f- Spiders of the family Tliomisida% Trans. Conn. Acad., VIII, 1S92, p. 370. June, 1905] Packard: Color in a Flower Spider. 93 vidual, and are not transmitted to the offspring, beyond the fact that the)' are due to differences in the colorational environment, /. e., the white, or yellow or pink hues of the flowers in which the spider hides or on which it rests. The explanation of the cause must be sought in what we regard as a parallel case in the experiments initiated by T. W. Wood* in 1867, and greatly extended by Professor Poulton,* as described in his able essay "On the color relations between certain lepidopterous pupae, and the variously colored surfaces immediately surrounding them." Mr. Wood found as the result of his experment that " the skin of the pupa for a iew hours after the caterpillar's skin has been shed is ' pho- tographically sensitive,' " and "as might be expected, by putting the specimens in the sunshine at the time of changing, and surrounding them as much as possible with any desired colour, the most successful results have been obtained." Professor Meldola has pointed out, says Poulton, that the theory of the moist, fresh, pupal surface as "photographically sensitive" was obviously a metaphor borrowed from the sensitive plate of photog- raphy and that there can be no real analogy between the two processes. Poulton concludes that the problem is essentially a physio- logical one, and that the physico-chemical changes are " merely the results of far more complicated physiological processes." The question arises whether the change in M. 7'atia is connected with the molting period, but I have no observations which directly prove this. It is well known that many spiders with nearly each molt appear in different colors, or undergo some change in the markings. Summary of Results of Jlfy Own Observations. 1. In the early part of the summer (June and July) when the greater mass of flowers are the white fleabane and the ox-eye (the wild rose and buttercups excepted) the spiders (J/, vatia) are white and no yellow ones were detected. 2. Later in the season, towards the end of July (July 30-31), and early in August when the golden rod in Maine begins to flower, a few of the spiders are yellow, but by the middle of the month and through September they are almost without exception yellow, varying from a pale to a deep hue, probably due to the length of time they have been * Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1867, p. XCIX-CI. ■f Philosophical Trans. Royal Soc. London, vol. 178, 18S7, ji. 311. 94 Journal New York Entomological Society. [voL xiii. on or among the yellow flowers ; an occasional white one occurring which may have been a recent arrival from some bush or other plant. This is an exact parallel with the instance observed by Mr. Banks, when the spiders occurring early in the spring in Virginia on the white trillium, afterwards become yellow on the yellow flowers of the dog-tooth violet, there being no white flowers in the neighborhood. 3. By enclosing a couple in a bag tied over a golden rod they have actually been found to change from white to yellow in the course of ten or eleven days. 4. There is an actual change in color, and the assembling of yel- low spiders on yellow flowers is not a case of color-preference, but of a gradual alteration in the color of the pigment of the integument. Whether as in the case of lepidoptera, the change takes place at or directly after the time of molting has yet to be ascertained. I have no observations directly bearing on this question. 5. In rare cases (3) white M. vatia were collected on the white SoUdago bicolor. 6. No M. vatia or any other species of Thomisidce were found on blue or white asters or on life everlasting, of which hundreds were examined. 7. The result of the coloring, while in harmony with the color en- vironment, is certainly not to protect the spider from the attacks of birds, as the only kind of spider-eating bird is the humming bird, other kinds of birds, as investigation shows, not feeding on spiders. On the other hand, the coloration is so far cryptic that flies and other prey of the spider less easily observe its presence. This, however, is quite a subsidiary matter ; without reference, so to speak, to the biological environment, the main fact is that the color of the spider is the mechanical result of exposure to an environment of this or that color. 8. The cause of the change of color is simply the action of light, and in the case, for example, of yellow individuals, to the reflection of yellow light from yellow flowers continued for a period of exposure varying from several days (three or four) to one or more weeks. There are multitudes of similar cases in other groups of animals, and protective coloration so-called is simply the mechanical result of the operation of a primary physical agent, /. c. , light. The colorational change is not due to natural selection or to the sur- vival of some one or even several fittest individuals, since hundreds June, 1905.] Packard : Color in a Flower Spider. 95 of thousands or great multitudes of individual spiders living on the golden rods of a vast area extending over northeastern America appear to become similarly affected when the golden rods come into flower. In this case the color is not necessarily hereditary, since the young spiders are at first colorless, and when older whitish. The yellow hue persists only as long as the flowers are in blossom. Thus the yellow color variety persists only as long as the colorational environment is the same. Hence the natural selection theory seems quite inadequate and also unnecessary to account for the apparent mimicry, and the change of color is a clear case of adaptation to a color-environment, and is an example of Lamarckism, or what Eimer and others call or- thogenesis. Since this paper was sent for publication, we have read Keeble and Gamble's elaborate memoir on the color physiology of the higher Crustacea which fully confirms our view that color changes are pri- marily due to light and environmental changes. The change of color in the flower spiders seems to be an example of what Pouchet calls the " chromatic function." He experimented by placing shrimps {PalcB- moJi and Craiigoti) in black and white dishes in broad daylight. On the black background the pigment cells expanded, and the resultant coloration was a dark one in harmony with the tone of the surround- ings. On the white background they contrasted, and the consequent colorless place presented no contrast to the adjacent surfaces. Pouchet claims that the pigment movements were due to the stimulus of light, eletricicty and certain drugs, and he concluded that the background or color of the environment determined the movements of the chromato- phores or pigment cells, through the mediation of the eye and nervous system. His results have been confirmed and extended by Keeble and Gam- ble ^ in their recent work, from which we have taken the above ab- stract of Pouchet's results. They also record that Jourdain (1878) pointed out that in addition to light, electrical and pharmacological stimuli, the temperature of the water influenced the color of sensitive Crustacea, and that such changes were naturally independent of the action of the retina. Keeble and Gamble have shown (1900) that "rapid movements in the chromatophore could be induced by any decided stimulation ; that slow changes followed the application of * Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. 196, pp. 295-3S8. 1904. 96 Journal New York Entomological Society. |Voi. xiii. less powerful stimuli, such, for example, as differently colored back- grounds in place of strongly contrasted ones; and that underlying these (juick and slow reactions of the chromatophores to changes of environment, there was at least one intrinsic chromatophoric rhythm, the after effect of alternating night and day." They confirm the view that light sets up movements of the pigments by its direct action on the chromatophores. "Light exerts a potent and varied influence on the littoral Crustacea. Such animals as ////>- polyte, Mysis, and PaicBinon, instead of becoming inured, remain highly susceptible to the ever-changing light conditions of their en- vironment." It also plays an important part in controlling not only the movements of these animals, but also the distribution of their pigments. The factors in pigment-movements are intensity, back- ground or environment, and monochromatic light. The color-phases in shrimps depend on different light conditions. In darkness the pigments of Falcemon, etc., are so contracted into their chromatophore-centers, that the latter appear as minute dots, resulting in a transparent phase. The rapidity with which the change takes place varies from ten or a less number of minutes to an hour or two. What the authors call the "white background phase," /. e., a transparent condition, the pigments being freely contracted, may be and generally is assumed with great rapidity, less than a minute often sufficing to call it forth in Hippolyte or Macroinysis flexuosa. Here we might add that Pouchet found that in the turbot under certain conditions the color changes are only developed after a period of several days. Very pertinent to the matter of change of color in spiders and insects are the author's conclusions as to the environ- mental or background effects on littoral Crustacea. " The background effects on pigment-movements, help us," they say, "to imagine how light modifies pigment-development and thus causes such an animal as Hippolyte to ' give into ' its surroundings, modelling its diurnal pigment distribution on the distribution of light and shade on its background." They add : "As long as its background is unchanged, change of intensity avails little. Now of all things which charac- terize Hippolyte its tenacious immobility on the weed of its choice is the most striking." sJOUR N JLIv OF THE Mj^ixt ^Sorh IFniontcilcigtcul ^jcrcti^in^ Publishes articles relating to any class of the subkingdom Arthropoda, subject to the acceptance of the Publication Committee. Original communications in this field are solicited. Editorial. In the December issue (Vol. xii, p. 254) the figure labelled to represent Caddo glaiicopis should be transferred to C. hoopis, as Mr. Crosby has informed us. Contributors to the Journal will please take notice that they can have separates of their articles printed in any number and in any form at cost, by notifying the editor sufficiently in advance. The publica- tion committee has found it necessary to discontinue the sending out of reprints free of other matter, as was done with volume xii. Au- thors who do not notify otherwise, "shall be entitled to 25 copies " and will usually receive 50, without change of form, which means that there will generally be some foreign matter at the ends. The scope of P. Wytsman's " Genera Insectorum " is, in the por- tion on Lepidoptera, huich the same as Hampson's " Catalogue Lepi- doptera Phalaenae," but the treatment of species is far less complete and satisfactory. It includes the butterflies, as Hampson does not. If the subject were to be pushed energetically, it would result in a practical duplication of Hampson's work, which we think would be a waste of effort. An advantage would accrue to the student if the families to be first treated were those which Hampson will reach last, and at the present rate of publication, not reach for many years, namely, the Tineoid groups. However, there has been no evidence till lately of any intention to push the subject energetically. We have had before us some small fasicules in which several authors have treated of sundry of the smallest groups they could find ; the Liby- 97 98 Journal New York Extomological Society. [Vol. xiii. theidae by Pagenstecher, the Epico])iidae by Janet and Wytsman, the species or varieties of Leptocircus by Wytsman and the Oniithopteni by Rippon. These papers are too short to require serious comment, except that we would blame the editor for allowing such a characa- ture of a synoptic table as that of the OmitJioptera genera to get into print. Mr. Rippon has evidently not the faintest idea of how a table ought to be constructed, and, until he will take lessons in the rudi- ments of entomological carpentry, his large knowledge of and great interest in the most beautiful of all the butterflies will be prejudiced in the eyes of his fellow workers. Finally we come to the first serious publication, the Hesperiidas, by P. Mabille, covering 210 pages. The treatment seems both thoroughly advanced and conservative, although badly hampered in places by lack of material. For example, some of the American genera of the subfamily Pamphilin^e, section B, are given in a separate synoptic table, as the author had not the material to properly cor- rellate them with the rest. The index is given in an excellent form but is incomprehensibly divided in two parts and it has a number of omissions. The treatment of the North American species is disap- pointing. Seventy-five out of our nominal two hundred species are entirely omitted. We are at a loss to imagine any adequate reason for this, as the author includes several lists of " species incertas sedis " and we should look for our missing species there if the author had been unable to recognize them. It looks like a failure to properly study the literature. We hope to be able to return to this subject and assign these seventy-five species to their proper genera. We are sorry to note some inconsistencies in the synoptic tables. For ex- ample, in the table on pages 14 to 18, we find (under 7) "Pas de pli costal," which leads us finally to 27 where we read : " un pli costal chez le rj^-" • . ■ Genus Coccieiis G. & S." How is one to use this table ? If Coccciiis has a costal fold, it should come in the section with a costal fold, where it would apparently fall next to Plestia Mab. Again under 33 is the second alternative " Pas de pinceau semblable" (/. e., Pas de pinceau de polls couches sur de dessus ou le dessous des ailes inferieures), which leads us to 40, where is " Un pinceau de poils couches dans le pli abdominal . . . (^t\\w~> PyrrhopygopsisQs. & S." The genus Onieates G. & S. is in the table twice, while Miirgaria Wats., Eiischemo)! Macl., Mionectes Mab. and Marela Mab. are en- tirely omitted therefrom. June, 1905.] Proceedings of the Society. 99 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTO- MOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Meeting of Octoiser 4, 1904 (continued from page 52). Mr. Leng exhibited about 200 species of beetles collected in Newfoundland by Mr. W. S. Genung in July, August and September. About half the species belonged to the family Carabidre and among those of special interest were Cydwus brevoorti and Carabus maeander. The leaf and flower beetles, Chrysomelidre and Coccinel- lidre were represented by only a few species. Mr. Genung, who was present as a visitor, then described his journey in New- foundland. After spending a week in Cape Breton, he visited successively Bay St. George and Bay of Islands on the west coast ; Lewisport on the east coast and Whit- bourne and St. Johns in the peninsula of Avalon. A mountain range about 2,000 feet high bounds the west coast, in the ravines of which the snow does not melt ; the soil is poor and the climate cool and windy even in midsummer. Throughout the rail- way line in the interior of the island extensive forest fires made collecting impossible. Along the east coast and especially in Avalon the conditions are more favorable for animal life and there the population principally centers. Mr. Genung spoke of the caribou which migrate annually from north to south ; of the grouse and other shoot- ing ; of the fishing and general attractions of the island to sportsmen. He also men- tioned the black-flies which abound in July about wet places, the sphagnum moss swamps, rivers and ponds with which the island is abundantly provided. He also described the localities in which the rarer Carabidse were found, deep dark ravines continuously moist all the season through and spoke of the habits of these insects. Mr. C. Schaeffer, under "Notes on a New Phasmid," remarked that in the Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, a few months ago, Mr. A. N. Caudell published a note on the occurrence of the phasmid Haplopus evadne Westw. in Dry Tortugas, Florida. The specimens, one adult and one nymph, were collected by Dr. A. G. Mayer and are in the collection of the Brooklyn Museum, the adult speci- men being in poor condition, lacking the last three abdominal segments and the an- tennae, was considered by Mr. Caudell to be the female of Haplopiis evadtic, of which only the male was known, and gave a description of this supposed female. Very re- cently Dr. A. G. Mayer, now Director in charge of the Marine Biological Laboratory of the Carnegie Institute in Dry Tortugas, placed in the hands of Mr. Schaeffer a number of these phasmids preserved in alcohol. Most of the specimens were adults and represented both sexes. From an examination of this material it became evident that the supposed female described by Mr. Caudell is the male and that both sexes have aborted wings. The male Ilaplopiis evadne is described as having long wings and it is possible that this phasmid is a new species. All of our Phasmid^ thus far •"ecorded are entirely wingless and the addition of this Horida species is of great in- terest. There is also a nymph of this species in the collection of the Brooklyn Mu- seum, taken last year by Mr. Gustav Beyer, at Key West, Florida. Dr. Mayer, who collected the specimens at Mr. Schaeffer's request, informed him that the phasmid occurs in bay cedar bushes. Mr. Wm. T. Davis, under " Note on the occurrence of Leptiira cnieiita,^^ stated that Professor Smith in his " List of New Jersey Insects" records that a dead speci- 100 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoLxiii. men of Leptura cruenta I laid, was taken by Mr. Charles Liebeck at Da Costa, At- lantic County, New Jersey. Mr. Joutel and himself, while collecting at Hewitt, New Jersey, on the 19th of last June, were fortunate to find a specimen of this rare longi- corn on the flowers of the low growing dog-wood Cornus canadidisiivia.. A few days previously Mr. Joutel had collected a specimen at Hastings-on-the Hudson in New York State. This species is not mentioned in either the Buffalo, Cincinnati or Washington Lists of Coleoptera. Mr. Leng has given its distribution as follows : Pennsylvania, (ieorgia, Te.xas, Canada and western. Mr. Harris reported the localities he had visited in the search for Cicindelida;. Among the places mentioned were southern Delaware, Popenoe Mts. in West Vir- gmia, Burlington, Vt., Peekskill, N. Y., and in all of these localities results were poor in any but the more common species. He found better collecting in the Adirondack Mts. early in August, where he took eight specimens of C. longilabris on top of Jay Mts. From the loth to the 21st of September he collected along the south shore of Long Island, taking many large specimens of C. rtigifrois, one C. consantanea, one C. generosa, several C. lepanda, si.xty-three C. purpurea, and a number of fine speci- mens of C. vulgaris. Discussion as to whether C. rtigifrons occurs along beaten roads or in grass patches, participated in by Messrs. Weeks, Joutel and Schaeffer. Mr. Bueno stated that he had collected several weeks at W^estfield, N. J., and found poor results from sweeping, but water-bug collecting was good. Mr. joutel exhibited a peculiar egg cocoon of a spider which resembled the re- ceptacle and calyx of a flower after the petals had fallen oft". Mr. Leng under " Remarks on Cychrus " stated that in his opinion many of the so-called species were not specifically different, but really represented one species occurring in different localities under different conditions. These were entitled to race names rather than specific names. He spoke of C. elevnUis and C. vidints as an instance in point. Mr. Weeks stated that contrary to report he had not observed that Colias phiio- dice was being replaced in this vicinity by Pieris rapce. Meeting of October 18, 1904. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. Yice-President C. W. Leng presided with nine members and one visitor present. On motion of Mr. Groth, Mr. William Wood was elected an active member of the society. The question of holding but one meeting monthly was raised and the discussion was participated in by nearly all of those present. The concensus of opinion being opposed to the suggestion. On motion of Mr. Bueno the question was laid on the table until the first meeting in October, 1905. Mr. Barber under the subject of " Preliminary List of Pentatomidre collected in Brownsville, Texas, by Mr. C. Schaefier" gave a few notes on the distribution of the species collected from that locality and exhibited the collections of thirty-one species. Of these five are new to the United States and one a new species. Mr. Schaefter called attention to the synonymical notes on Exockoinus inargini- June, 1905.] Proceedings of the Society. 101 pennis and Brutints septetilrioiiis by J. Weise and stated that if this was correct Exochovius childreui has also to be added as a color variation to E. tuarginipennis as he possessed a complete series from Missouri showing all of the intermediate forms from E. childreni to E. marginipetmis. Mr. Schaefter said that in his opinion there was a mistake in Weise's synonymy to which he would refer later. Mr. Leng exhibited specimens of Coccinellidre collected in Newfoundland and Cape Breton by Mr. W. S. Genung, also specimens collected on Mt. Katahdin, Maine, by Mr. H. G. Barber, in the Vkhite Mountains by Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson, and in the Adirondack Mountains by himself. Some of these species are found in all these northern localities and most of the species are not found in the vicinity of New York. The disparity between the apparently common northern species and ours seems striking and greater than prevails in other families. Mr. Bueno exhibited some peculiar Aradidse from Costa Rica. Meeting of November i, 1904. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. Vice-president C. W. Leng presided with ten members present. On motion the society voted to dispense with the regular order of business and proceed at once to scientific discussion. Mr. Barber presented a few remarks on the Genus Cosinopepla of the Penta- tomidiTjand exhibited specimens of all of the species occurring within the limits of the United States. Mr. Watson exhibited a jar of barley infested by a little brown beetle ( Tribo- liitm ferriigiiieum Fabr. ) . From the same jar of barley he had previously bred a num- ber of specimens of a micro-lepidopteron. Mr. Southwick exhibited his collection of Cicindelid^ among which were some interesting varieties. Mr. Davis remarked that he wished to record that he had found Cicindcla hpida occurring quite abundantly at Machiponix, N. J., in the same neighborhood where the beach plum was growing. Mr. Bueno exhibited specimens of Plcea striola and Amogiiis calosomttin to show ■ two extremes in size among the aquatic hemiptera. Mr. Joutel read a letter from Dr. R. E. Kunze, of Phcenix, Arizona, in which was given a detailed account of some of his summer's experiences in insect collecting. Mr. Davis exhibited a specimen of the marshmallow and specimens of bumble bees covered with the pollen of this flower. Meeting of November 15, 1904. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. Vice-President C. W. Leng presided with ten members in attendance. On motion of Mr. Joutel the matter of printing on the back cover of the Journal, a list of the important saleable papers was referred to the librarian and treasurer. Mr. Leng asked for a discussion of the suggestion of Dr. Dyar that the printing of the proceedings of the society be discontinued in the Journal. The question was freely discussed and unfavorably considered by all of those present. On motion of Mr. Joutel the society voted to contribute $25 from the society fund to the Journal fund. 102 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Mr. Davis read a paper entitled " Notes on the Thread-legged Bug [Emesa loti- gipes')^ He stated that while stopping at Sommerville, N. J., last August he and Mr. Leng had found this insect in abundance under the roof of the piazza. In the same situations were the webs of many spiders from which the Emesa probably ob- tained many captured insects. Their powers of flight seemed very limited as one disturbed individual flew only about four feet to the floor. Mr. Davis remarked that he had kept individuals alive for a period of two or three weeks, when they fed upon flies. The insect is nocturnal and during the day remains inactive. He also re- marked on the odor which he said was very faint in some and in others unnoticeable. In walking, the Emesa does not usually use the raptorial fore legs. He exhibited several adult specimens and one egg of which he gave a description remarking that according to Uhler the egg laying habits are unknown. Mr. Bueno, under the subject of " Notes on Ilydroinetj-a viartini Kirk. ( ^ lineata Say), gave briefly the generic and specific synonymy, and mentioned Kirkaldy's and Martini's details of same. This species was taken by Mr. Davis and himself in Staten Island in May of this and last year. Its manner of progression was touched upon, as well as its habits of lying on the surface of the water and approaching its prey, which consists of living or dead insects. He gave the period of development from the egg to the adult as 25 to 35 days, allowing for from three to five broods in the course of the summer. Just after reaching maturity the insect is covered with a gray- ish pruinosity. It is long-lived and tenacious of life. He also referred to Say's variety australis, which, from the differences it presents in the terminal abdominal segments, leads him to the belief that it is a distinct species. Mr. C. Schaeffer presented " Some Notes on BrenthidK." On rearranging his material in this family he found among the unmounted Texas material of the Dietz col- lection a Brenthid which is apparently new. The species is allied to the Mexican Heterobrentlnis distans Shop, from which it diff"ers in the pubescence of the outer antennal joints, the strong punctures at sides of each elytron and the different macu- lation. The antennae being destitute of stiff hairs is one of the characters included in the generic description which does not fit the new species but as all other characters agree he preferred to put it in this genus. The other two species added to our list since Dr. Horn's paper, are Vasseletia vasseleti from Lower California and Trachehzus iincimanus from the Florida Keys, the latter only recently reported by Mr. Gustav Beyer in the Journal. The separation of the females of the two species oi Breiithus have always caused some trouble, but besides the femoral teeth, the form of the second interstice is a very good character to separate the females of the two species. Mr. Schaeffer also stated that he had prepared a short synopsis of the Brenthidaj to be published in the Journal. In preparing the synoptic table of the genera he had met with considerable difficulty as the classification of the family is very unsatisfac- tory and based on the male characters alone, therefore the characters used will only apply to the forms occurring in the United States. H. G. Barber, Secretary. THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Organized June 29, 1892. — Incorporated June 7, 1893. The meetings of the Society are held on the first and third Tuesday of each month (except June, July, August and September) at 8 P. M., in the American Museum (U- Natural History, 77th Street and Eighth Ave. Annual dues for Active Members, $3.00. Members of the Society will please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to the treasurer. Officers for the Yeaf 1905. /VmV/^///, C. H. ROBERTS . . . . 74 W. 119th Street, New York. Vice- President, CHAS. W. LENG 93 Reade Street, New York. Treasurer, WM. T. DAVIS . . . . - 46 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. Rec. Secretary, \ G. BARBER 241 West nsth Street, New York. Cor. Secretary, j -t ^j Librarian, C. SCHAEFFER, Museum, Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn N. V. EXECUTI[-E COMMITTEE. E. B. SOUTHWILK, L. H. JOUTEL, C. F. GkhII!. F. E. W.vrsoN, G. Beyer. publication committee. Harrison G. Dyar, C. Scmaeffer, C. W. Lkn(;. C. T. Brues. AUDITING COMMITTEE. H. G. Barber, C. Schaeffer, E. B. Southwick. FIELD COMMITTEE. Wm. T. Davis, J. R. de la Torre Bueno. DELEGA TES TO THE SCIENTIFIC ALLIANCE. E. G. Love, C. F. Groth, C. H. Roberts. Pt^ICE UIST OF Entomological Publications For Sale by the New York Entomc logical Socieiy. LiNELi., Martin L. A short review of the Chrysomelas of North America. 5 pp. 15c. Casey, Thos. L. Studies in Ptinidae, Cioidae, and Sphindidae of America. 32 pp. 75c. A revision of the North American Coccinellidse. 98 pp. $1.50. Review of the American Corylophidse, Cryptophagidse, Trito- midae and Dermestidse, with other studies. (Cuts) 12 pp. $2.00. Fall, H. C. Synopsis of the species of Acmseodera of America, north of Mexico. 36 pp. 90c. Leng, Charles W. Notes on Coccinellidse, I, II. 31 pp., 3 pi. $1.00. ScHAEFFER, C. Synopsis of the Species of Trechus, with descrip- tion of a new species. 4 pp., i pi. 20c. Fox, William J. Synopsis of the species of Nysson, inhabiting America north of Mexico. 7 pp. 20c. CoQUiLLETT, D. W. Synopsis of the dipterous genus Symphono- myia. 4 pp. loc. Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae. 6 pp. 15c. Neumoegen and Dyar. A preliminary revision of the Bombyces of America north of Mexico. $i-50- Dyar, Harrison G. A review of the North American species of Pronuba and Prodoxus. 3 pp. loc. Kearfott, W. D. Revision of the North American species of the genus Choreutis. 20 pp. 50c. Caudell, a. N. The genus Sinea of Amyot and Serville. II pp., I pi. 35c. The above papers will be sent on receipt of price by CHflf^liES SCHflEFFEl^, Librarian New York Entomological Socieiy, Brooklyn cnuseum, Eastern Parkujay, Bf^OOKIiVn, \i. V. Vol. XIII. No. 3. J OU RN AL OF THE NEW YORK Entomological S)ev>ote^ to lEtitomologv, tn (3cneraL SEPTEMBER, 1905. Edited by IIakki^on G. Dvak, Pithlicatiait Co)ntiiittei\ Harrison G. Dyar. Charles W. Leno, Charles Schaeffer. Charles T. Bri'f.s. Published Quarterly by the Society, LANCASTRR, PA. NEW YORK CITY. 1905- . ^^..-:; [Entered April 21. 1904, at Lancaster, Pa., as second-class matter, under Act of Congress of July i^»i%'4 ] STF C NEW ERA PRINT. . LANSASTUI.p. COMTEIMTS. Class Hexapoda, Order COLEOPTERA. The Distinctive Characters of the Eastern Species of the Genera Dytiscus and Cybister. By C. H. Robkrts 103 Class Hexapoda, Order DIPTERA. Brief Notes on Mosquitoes. By H. ('.. Dv.vk 107 Class Hexapoda, Order LEPIDOPTERA. Sound Produced by Lepidopterous Larvae. By H. P'kderi.ey 109 A Review of the Hesperiidae of the United States. By H. ('.. Dyar ill Class Hexapoda, Order HEMIPTERA. The Genus Notonecta in America North of Mexico. B'y j. R. de i.a T. Bueno . . 143 Proceedings of the Society 167 vJOURisr A 1^ Published quarterly by the Society at 41 North Queen St., Lancaster, Pa. , and New York City. All communications relating to the Journal should be sent to the editor, Dr. Harrison G. Dyar, U. S. National Mu- seum, Washington, D. C; all subscriptions to the Treasurer, Wm. T. Davis, 46 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton, Staten Is., New York, and all books and pamphlets to the Librarian, C. Schaeffer, Museum, Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, N. Y. Terms for subscription, $2.00 per year, strictly in ad- vance. Please make all checks, money-orders, or drafts payable to NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. x\uthors of each contribution to the Journal shall be entitled to 25 separates of such contribution without change of form. If a larger number be desired they will be supplied at cost provided notice is sent to the Editor befo e the page proof has been corrected. JOURNAL JOfId JBorlli 6lntomoIogiraI Horiptg. Vol. XIII. SEPTEMBER, 1905. No. 3 Class I, HEXAPODA. Order II, COLEOPTERA. THE DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF THE EAST- ERN SPECIES OF THE GENERA DYTISCUS AND CYBISTER. By C. H. Roberts,. Sc.D., New York, N. Y. All the species of the genus Dyfisci/s are of large size, the upper surface of dark color with a yellow stripe along the side of the thorax and elytra; the clypeus is yellow, and there is on the middle of the head an angular yellow mark ; in addition to these yellow marks some species have the anterior and posterior margins of the thorax yellow, and the eyes margined with yellow. The color of the under surface is either pitchy black or yellow, or is intermediate between the two, or a mixture of them. The form is comparatively little convex, always elongate, but ot variable width. The clypeus is always separated from the head by a suture visible across the whole width of the head. This entire clypeal suture, so far as has been observed, exists only in this genus and in the European genus Meladema in the Dytiscidas, although it occurs in Pelobiiis and Amphizoa, and is common in the Carabida2. The prothorax is desti- tute of a lateral margin. The prosternal process is of variable length, rather elongate and narrow, distinctly margined at the sides and is received into a groove of the metasternum. The hind legs are but little developed for swimming being long 103 101 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. and rather slender. Their tibiae are usually about three times as long as broad ; the tarsi are considerably longer than the tibial and are terminated by two rather slender, curved, nearly equal claws. In the more perfect species, as liybridus, the swimming legs have become shorter and thicker and their claws more unequal. The hind coxae are rather small and the wings of the metasternum of moderate area ; the coxal notch is elongate, and beyond it the coxal processes tend, in numerous species, to lengthen and become slender, so as to form two spinous projections in the extreme cases. The anterior tarsi of the male are very highly developed ; the three basal joints are very much dilated and form a nearly circular saucer, fringed at the edges beneath with elongate hairs, and bearing on their under surface two large palettes at the base, and elsewhere a dense pubescence — each hair bearing a minute palette at its ex- tremity ; the fourth and fifth joints are not dilated, the latter elongate. The middle tarsi of the male have the three basal joints dilated and elongated, the three together assuming a narrow, parallel form, and are densely clothed beneath with a glandular or spongy pubescence. In many species the females are dimorphic, one form being nearly similar to the male in sculpture, while the other bears deep elongate grooves on the elytra. The species of Dytisciis inhabit the northern parts of the new and old worlds, and Persia and Japan have each one peculiar species. The species of Cybister are also of large size and there are numerous species scattered over the whole world. They differ from Dytisciis in that the males have only a single claw on the hind tarsus ; the females also usually have only one, and in certain cases a rudi- mentary second on the underside at the inner edge of the larger one. The prosternum is not channelled. We have but one eastern species. Dr. D. Sharp has separated Dytisciis mio four groups as follows: Group I. — Labrum distinctly emarginate in middle; apices of coxal processes ?iot spinose. Into this groups fall our species fasci- venfris, hybridus, verticalis, inarginicollis, siibliiiibatiis and uiarginalis. Of these we have in the East fasciventris, hybridus, verticalis and perhaps juarginalis. Group I/. — Labrum distinctly emarginate in middle; apices of coxal processes acutely spinose. Into this group fall circui/ic/nctus, parvuius, vexatiis and dauricus. Sept., 1905. 1 RoiiERTS : Sl'ECIES OF DvTISCUS AND CVBISTER. 105 Of these we have in the east dauricus only. Group III. — Labrum truncate in middle; apices of coxal proc- esses acutely spinose ; margins of elytra dilated. America is not rep- resented in this group, the one species being from northern Europe. Group IV. — Labrum nearly truncate in middle; apices of coxal processes obtuse ; margins of elytra nearly simple. Represented by one species, harrisii, which is found here in the East. Of Cybisier we have one species here, _;fw/^;7^'/(i'///-f, easily separated from Dytiscus by the generic characters and by its general form, which, instead of being regularly ovate, is more or less wedge-shaped on account of its being quite ra])idly narrowed from base of thorax to head, and gradually broadened from base of thorax to one third from apex of elytra. Having eliminated Cyhistcr fimbriolatus, the only eastern Cybisier, this leaves us with six species of Dyiiscus to differentiate, namely : fasciventris, iixhridus, veriicalis, vicirginaiis, dauricus and Jiarrisii. At a casual glance the three most likely to be confused are verticalis, dauricus and Jiarrisii, as all are of large size and similar form. We can easily distinguish verticalis from the other two by the absence of a yellow apical and basal thoracic margin, and we can at once separate dauricus from Jiarrisii by the form of the coxal proc- esses. In Jiarrisii they are rounded and blunt, in dauricus pro- duced into a sharp spine. There is also the group character in the shape of the cXyYtens— dauricus distinctly emarginate ; Jiarrisii nearly truncate or scarcely at all emarginate. The only other species likely to be confused with these is iiiar- giiiaJis, but it is smaller than the other three and the group characters will separate it, it combining half of each, but agreeing with neither. The labrum being distinctly emarginate distinguishes it from Jiarrisii and the coxal processes being rounded, not acutely spinose, separates it from dauricus, thus throwing it into the first group with verticalis, Jiybridus and fasciventris. From the other three in group I, niargiiialis can be distinguished by the yellow thoracic markings. Fasciventris has scarcely a trace, or none at all, of a basal or apical yellow margin, and verticalis has none at all ; Jiybridus has a fine linear yellow line at base and a fairly distinct inargin in same color at apex, while in marginalis the basal yellow margin is distinct all the way across and specially broad in its middle portion. 106 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Taking up the three species left in group I, verticalis, hyhridiis and fasciventris, we can at once separate verticalis by its very large si/e and a subapical yellow line on the elytra running out as a sort of spur from the marginal band near the apical angle and continuing nearly to the suture. Neither Jiybridus nor fasciventris has this line. To separate the two remaining species is very simple, both male and female having very distinct characters. In the males o^ fasciventris the middle tarsi have the three dilated joints formed into one compact, parallel, spongy cushion, while in iiybridtis this cushion is distinctly divided longitudinally by a glabrous space. \i\ fasciventris the female has the elytra always sulcate while in liybridits they are always, as in the male, smooth. There are other distinct and interesting characters by which to separate the various species, but I have tried to bring to notice those most readily observed. The division of the dilated joints of the middle tarsi in the male of hybridus by a glabrous space, as mentioned, at once distinguishes it from any other species of Dytiscus. We can summarize the distinctive characters as follows : D. fasciventris. — Labrum distinctly emarginate ; coxal processes rounded, not produced ; basal and apical thoracic yellow markings absent, or a mere trace ; dilated joints of middle tarsi of male forming one compact, parallel, spongy cushion ; females always sulcate. D. livbridits. — Labrum distinctly emarginate; coxal processes rounded ; a fine, linear yellow line at base of thorax and a fairly dis- tinct margin in same color at apex ; dilated joints of middle tarsi in male separated beneath longitudinally by a glabrous space. Females always smooth. D. verticalis. — Labrum distinctly emarginate ; coxal processes rounded, not produced ; no trace of basal and apical yellow thoracic margins ; a yellow subapical line on the elytra starting from the mar- ginal band and nearly attaining the suture. Females smooth. D. mari^i/ialis. — Labrum distinctly emarginate ; coxal processes rounded ; thorax with a distinct apical and basal yellow margin, the basal one being broader in its middle portion. Females dimorphic. JD. daitriciis. — Labrum distinctly emarginate ; coxal processes pro- duced, distinctly spinose ; thorax at base, apex and sides broadly bordered with yellow. Females dimorphic. Sept,,i9o5.] DVAR : BrIEF NOTES ON MOSQUITOES. 107 D. harrisii. — Labriim nearly truncate in middle; coxal processes not produced, blunt ; thorax at base, apex and sides broadlj' bordered with yellow. Females dimori^hic. Cybister finibriolatus. — Distinguished by its wedge-like, instead of regularly oval shape and the generic characters. Class I, HEXAPODA. Order IV, DIPTERA. BRIEF NOTES ON MOSQUITOES. Bv Harrison' G. Dvar, A.M., Ph.D., Washin(:;ton, D. C. Distribution of Theobaldia absobrixus Felt. — In reex- amining my series of Theobaldia incideiis from British Columbia (Pro. ent. soc. Wash., vi, 38, 1904), I find it to contain a mixture of a second species which I am able to identify with T. absobrinits Felt, both by the larvae and male genitalia of the adults. This greatly ex- tends the known distribution of this form which was described from northern New York. Identity of Culex consobrinus Desv. — We have examined material collected by Mr, August Busck in St. Louis, Missouri, which Mr. Coquillett considers to be"C consobrinus, and recognize it as C. magiiipennis Felt. It is altogether probable that niagnipcnnis is a synonym of consobrinus, as \\e know of but the one larval form and the male genitalia of Mr. Busck's specimens agree exactly with Dr. Felt's figure. Dr. Felt did not know consobrimis \xv describing magni- pennis. The species will find place in the genus Tlieobaldia, or rather Culiseta since Tlieobaldia is preoccupied by Theobaldius Nevill, as Mr. Cockerell has pointed out to me. Exclusion of the name "Culex reptans." — Linngeus de- scribed a Culex reptans, which is not a mosquito, but, on the principle of " once a synonym, always a synonym " the use of the name is pre- cluded in any other sense. The name " Culex reptans Meig." must therefore cease to be used. Hibernation of the hollow tree species. — Of the two spe- 108 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. cies of mosquitoes whose larvai normally live in the water in hollow trees, Pneumaculcx signifer Q,o<\. and Grabhamia triseriata Say, I have shown that the latter hibernate in the tgg state. The former, it now appears, hibernate in the larval state. Mr. Busck brought a number of P. signifer larvre from St. Louis in the Fall and they showed no disposition to transform. The two predaceous species of the hollow trees, Anoplicles barberi Coq. and Megarhiiius portoricensis von Rod. likewise hibernate as larvae. I have observed this in the case of the Anopheles formerly and Mr. Busck's Megarhiniis, brought with the Fneumaci/Iex, has lived all winter in the laboratory. It would appear as if the Pneumaculcx, must suffer more from the predaceous habits of the other species that the Grablianiia does, since it is longer coexist- ent with them in the larval state. Relationship of Culex inconspicuus Grossbeck. — The figures of fragments of the larva of this species given on page 297 of Smith's Report on Mosquitoes (1905) show it to be allied to the species de- scribed by Felt and Young as Culex lazarensis. However, the male genitalia of inconspicuus as figured differ from those of lazarensis as figured even to a generic degree. Inconspicuus falls in Culicelsa while lazarensis belongs to Grabhamia. This looks like a disagreement between larval and genitalic characters which is unusual, and may indicate that the genus Culicelsa is not well founded or that the asso- ciation of larvae and adults under C. inconspicuus is inaccurate (see also Proc. ent. soc. Wash., vii, 48, 1905). Generic location of Culex discolor Coq. — I included this species among the unidentified list under the genus Grabhamia (Proc. ent. soc. Wash., vii, 48, 1905), but Smith's figures recently at hand show it to be referable to the genus Feltidia. The larva differs from the other larvae of Feltidia known to us, among other things, in that the air tube is not inflated. Its characters are, as it were, curiously reversed, for it is the antenna;, on the opposite end of the larva, that are inflated. Deinocerites cancer Theob. in the United States. — In a recent brief tour of Florida by Mr. Caudell and myself, this Jamaican species was discovered at Miami. Dr. Grabham describes the larva as living in crab holes, and these were accordingly searched. At the time of our visit (March), there had been no rain for weeks and all the holes were dry, so that, except for a fortuitous circumstance, the species would have been missed. It happened that oi)posite Miami a canal is being Sept., 1905] Federley : Sound Produced p,y Larv.e. 109 cut through the peninsula, and the salt water from the dredging opera- tions filled three or four holes at the edge of the mangrove swamp on the Biscayne Bay side. In one of these holes several larvre were found, vvhich had just hatched from the influence of the water. The species must pass the dry season in the egg state. Habits of Cui.ex trichurus Dvar. — As already shown, this species has a northern distribution throughout North America. The larvae are among the earliest appearing of the early Spring species. They inhabit open grassy pools, swamps and woods pools, not in large numbers, but rather generally distributed. In April, 1905 (a backward season), we found all the largest larvje in several collections at Chicopee, Mass., and Plattsburgh, N. Y. , to be of this species. The larvcie descend easily to the bottom when disturbed where they wriggle in the mud, so that deep dipping is required to collect them. They soon seek the surface however. The larv?e are light in color, rather yellowish, and can be picked out from the other inhabitants of the pools by this character and their size without a lens. Class I, Hexapoda. Order V, LEPIDOPTERA. SOUND PRODUCED BY LEPIDOPTEROUS LARV^. By Harry Federley, Helsingfors, Finland. In No. 3, Vol. XII, of this Journal Professor Packard has published some observations upon sound produced by caterpillars. On Profes- sor Packard's request for information regarding this question the edi- tor has appended some. As I have been occupied during the last few years with the rearing of lepidopterous larvie and have also made some observations regarding the production of sound by these creatures, I beg to herewith communicate the same. The larva of the North American Saturnian moth Telea /^olyphei/ius can, in the third and fourth stages, by rubbing the powerfully con- structed mandibles against each other produce a tolerably loud, tap- ping sound, which is audible at the distance of several meters. That here is question of a means of intimidation is not to be doubted, for 110 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. if the larva is left in peace it keeps perfectly quiet, but when the larva- cage is touched, or the larvre are taken out, they make this peculiar tapping sound, resembling the ticking of a watch. In the fifth stage, singularly enough, the larvae could not be made to tap, but this might possibly have been due to unfavorable climatic conditions. The Finnish species of the genus Drepana, namely, ci/rvati/la, lacertinaria and falcataria, produce, like the Drepana arci/ata, by rubbing the anal segment against the surface of the leaf, a peculiar scraping (rasping) sound. This sound, which is also tolerably loud, arises from the friction of two small chitinous teeth against the leaf. The chitin formations in question, which are somewhat dissimilar in the different species, are evidently rudiments of the vanished anal legs, which the adjacent hairs clearly indicate, as they occupy the same position round the chitin hooks as round the anal legs in the allied forms. The Dicraniira as well as the Ceriira species, make, when dis- turbed, a loud scraping sound by swinging the foremost part of the body from one side to the other, thereby pressing the mouth-parts against the surface of the leaf This peculiarity seems to belong to all Notodontious caterpillars, although to none in so great a degree as to the genera named. Finally I will again repeat what Staudinger* relates of a species from the Amur district, Sinerinthiis dissiinilis Brem., which goes to prove that not only larva, but also pupas can produce sound. " The caterpillar, like the pupa of this species, makes, on being disturbed, a tolerably loud sound. Graeser calls the same whistling; that which I have heard from pupas I might call rattling. The peculiar pupa, which is somewhat flattened on the ventral side and rough all over, has, at the extremity of the three middle segments of the body short, strong indentations and can, like the Kentrochrysalis streckeri Stand., move onwards with tolerable celerity." That all the sound-productions mentioned here are a means of in- timidation at the disposal of the larvae, there can scarcely exist any doubt. * Memoires sur les Lepidopleres. N. M. Romanoft, Toine \'I, 1892, p. 232, PL IV, fig. 3. A REVIEV\^ OF THE HESPERIIDvE OF THE UNITED STATES. By Harrison G. Dvar, A.M., Ph.D., Washincton, D. C. I have remarked on the latest general work on the Hesperiida^ (Jour. N. Y. ent. soc, xiii, 98, 1905) and pointed out that nearly half of the United States species were omitted therefrom. Our species have, therefore, yet to be correctly placed. An attempt to do this was made in Bulletin 52, U. S. National Museum, but the result is unreliable as there was no time then for special study. Dr. Holland has placed the commoner forms in the " Butterfly Book" ; but his arrangement does not agree with Mabille's entirely and he has omitted many species. Scudder's system has been adopted by all the leading students of the Hesperiidce, Watson, Godman and Salvin, Holland, Mabille ; it is time that our species were correctly arranged. I have endeavored to do that in the present article and have referred all the described forms to their modern genera. Five species that I have not seen are inferred from the descriptions only, viz., Pam- phila liarpalits Edwards, P. cabeliis Edwards, P. riniia Edwards, P. milo Edwards and P. cliitsca Edwards. For a few others not seen I have other evidence. I am indebted to Dr. Hy. Skinner for loan of some types and for permission to look over his collection ; I have also looked at some specimens in the collection of the Brooklyn Institute by the kindness of Mr. Doll and in the Strecker collection by the kindness of Mrs. E. E. Strecker. My main reliance, naturally, has been the collection of the United States National Museum, includ- ing Mr. Wm. Schaus' material on deposit there. Family HESPERIID.E. Subfamily PvRRHOPV(;iN.t:.* Geuus PYRRHOPYGA Hiibner. P. arizonge Godman & Salvin. Our species has been erroneously identified as P. araxesY{Q.\v .; but *The definitions of the subfamilies and sections are given in Mabille's work. Ill 112 Journal New York Entomological Society. fVoi. xiii. it differs therefrom in the smaller size, browner tint and greater diffu- sion of the ocheroiis color below. Subfamily Hesperiin;e. SECTION A. Key to the Genera. 1. Fore wings with a costal fold lo. Fore wings without a costal fold 2. 2. Apex of fore wings truncate Proteides. Apex of fore wings not truncate 3. 3. Male with a tuft of hairs on hind wing above Cogia. Hind wing without such a tuft 4. 4. Palpi ascending, second joint applied to face 5. Palpi porrect 7. 5. Fore wings with vein 2 midway between vein 3 and base Heteropia. Fore wing with vein 2 arising well toward base 6. 6. Club of antennce ovoid with fine point as long as the club Acolastus, Club gradually thickened, curved at the middle Telegonus. 7. Vein 5 of fore wings not central, near to vein 6 Cabares. Vein 5 of fore wings central 8. 8. Vein 3 of fore wings over 4 times as far from base as from cross vein. Rhabdoides. Vein 3 of fore wings less than 4 times as far from base 9. 9. Third joint of palpi Jong, porrect ; reflexed part of club not equal to the basal part Ph £edinus . Third joint of palpi short ; reflexed part of club equal to the basal part. Thorybes. 10. Hind wings with a long anal prolongation Eudamus. Hind wings without this prolongation 11. 11. Lower discocellular long and strongly arcuate Phocides. Lower discocellular short 12. 12. Hind wings with a distinct anal lolie 13. Hind wings rounded 14. 13. Fore wings elongate, pointed Epargyreus. Pore wings trigonate Plestia. 14. Club insensibly enlarged with a fine point 15 Club with the first part ovoid ending in a fine point Nascus. 15. Fore wings with the apex sharply and squarely pointed Murgaria. Fore wings with the apex more rounded 16. 16. Outer margin of hind wings nearly straight... Achlarus. Outer margin of the hind wings convex, rounded Cocceius. Genus PHOCIDES Hubner. Synopsis ok Species. I. Hind wings entire ; fore wings with a red spot lilea. Hind wings crenulated ; fore wings without a red spot 2. Sept.,1905.] Dyar : Hespkriid.f. OF THE United States. 113 2. Fore wings with hyaline wliite spots urania. Fore wings without spots batabano . P. lilea Reakirt. The species is reported as occurring with us. I have seen a speci- men from Texas in Dr. Skinner's collection. It is apparently a visi- tant only. P. urania Westwood. Reported from our southern border. P. batabano Lefebre. It occurs in southern Florida, the larva feeding on the mangrove. Genus ACOLASTUS Scudder. A. amyntas Fabricius. It occurs in southern Florida, the larva on riscidia. Genus EUDAMUS Swainson. Synopsis of Si'ECIks. I. Fore wings witli distinct ([uadrate whitish hyaline spots. Fore wings with very faint or no spots simplicius. 2. Hind wings without any white shades below 3- Hind wings with distinct white shades below 4- 3. Wings with metallic green shades basally proteus. Wings without any metallic green shading dorantes. 4. White shade on hind wings below, submarginal, entire alcsus. This shade median, cut by two brown spots zilpa. This shade a straight central fascia albofasciatus. E. proteus Linnaeus. Inhabits the southern States, the larva: on plants of the bean family. E, dorantes StoU. Occurs in Texas, but is not widespread in our region. E. simplicius Stoll. Reported from our southern border. E. alc£eus Hewitson. Reported from our southern border. E. zilpa Butler. Re])orted from our southern border. E. albofasciatus Hewitson. Occurs in Texas. Genus PLESTIA Mabille. P. dorus Edwards. Occurs in Arizona. Genus PROTEIDES Hiibner P. idas Cramer. Reported from our southern border. 114 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi xiii. Genus EPARGYREUS Hubner, Synoi'Sis of Species. 1. Hind wing without silver spots below zestos. Hind wing with silvery spots below 2. 2. Silvery spot divided ; fore wing with fulvous shading at base exadeus. Silvery spot entire ; fore wing without fulvous shading at base tityrus. E. tityrus Fabricius. Common throughout most of the United States, the larva on locust and other ])lants of the pea family. E. exadeus Cramer. Reported from our southern border. E. zestos Hubner. Occurs in southern Florida. Genus NASCUS Watson. N. hesus Westwood & Hewitson. Reported from our southern border. Genus HETEROPIA Mabille. H. melon Godman & Salvin. Reported from our southern border. Genus ACHLARUS Scudder. A. lycidas Abbot & Smith. Occurs in the Atlantic region, the larva on certain wild plants of the pea family. Genus RHABDOIDES Scudder. R. callus Boisduval & Leconte. Occurs in Arizona. Genus MURGARIA Watson. M. albociliata Mabille. The species occurs in Arizona. I have it from the Patagonia Mountains, taken by Mr. Oslar. Eiidamus coyote Skinner from Texas is a synonym. The costal fold is present in the type, though it is much narrower than in the Arizona specimens. Genus COGIA Butler. Synopsis of Species. I. Large, the fringe of hind wings white hippalus. Small, the fringe not white outis. C. hippalus Edwards. Occurs in Arizona. Sept., 1905.] DvAR : Hesperiid/K OF THE United States. 115 C. cutis Skinner. Occurs in Texas. Genus PH.ffiDINUS Godman & Salvin. Synopsis of Stkcies. 1. Hind wings with the fringe not white mysie. Hind wings with the fringe white 2. 2. Smaller, the hind wings rounded caicus . Larger, the hind wings elongate epigena. P. mysie Dyar. Occurs in Arizona. P. caicus Herrich-Schaeffer. Occurs in Arizona. P. epigena Butler. Occurs in Arizona. Dr. Skinner makes this a synonym oi epigona H.-S., but Mabille puts epigona in Rlialnloidcs, whereas epigena falls in Phtedinus. I use the name that I feel the more sure of. Genus COCCEIUS Godman & Salvin. Synopsis of Species. I. Hind wings with the fringe white drusius. Hind wings with the fringe not while pylades. C. drusius Edwards. Occurs in southern Arizona. C. pylades Scudder. Occurs throughout the Northern Atlantic states, Canada and the Pacific coast. I have specimens from Ft. Sn)ith, Mackenzie, taken by Mr. Merritt Gary. Dr. Lintner described Eudamus electra from Canada, which I sup[)0se must be a synonym of this species. I have not seen the type ; it cannot be found in Albany, as Dr. Felt in- forms me. Genus THORYBES Scudder. Synopsis of Species. 1. Under side of hind wings smooth, hrown, with violet reflections daunus. Under side rough, squammose with irroralions 2. 2. Larger ; spottings of fore wings smaller mexicana. Smaller; spottings of fore wings larger gemilia T. daunus Cramer. It is generally known as bathyllus S. «!<: A., and inhabits the Southern States and Mississippi Valley. 116 Journal New York Exiomological Society. [Voi. xiii. T. mexicana Herrich-Schaeffer. Occurs in Colorado and Nevada. T. semilia Skinner. Occurs in the mountains of California and Oregon. I think it is not specifically distinct from vicxicaua H.-S., but only a local race of that species. Genus TELEGONUS Hubner. T. hahneli Staudinger. Reported from our southern border. Genus CABARES Godman & Salvin. C. potrillo Lucas. Reported from our southern border. SECTION P.. Key to the Genera. 1. Club of the antennre thickened at the end, which is obtuse and bare 2. Club of antennae tapered at the end 5- 2. No costal fold in the male Hesperopsis. A costal fold present in the male 3. 3. A pair of long lobes covering a bare hollow at base of abdomen in male. Scelothrix. These lobes short or absent 4. 4. Hind tibiae with a hair pencil Heliopetes. Hind tibiae without a hair pencil Pyrgus. 5. Point of club of antenuLU obtuse 6. Poi p.t of cl ub sharp 1 1 . 6. P'ore wings with no costal fold Chiomara. Fore wings with a costal fold in the male 7. 7. Fore wings with a sinus at anal angle ; two excavations on hind wing...Systasea. Fore wings with a small sinus; hind wings crenulate S. Fore wings entire 9. 8. Hind legs of male with a hair pencil Celotes. Hind legs with no hair pencil Staphylus. 9. Costal fold of the male long, over half the margin 10. Costal fold short, less than half the margin Pholisora. 10. Third joint of palpi moderate, less than twice as long as wide Thanaos, Third joint long, over twice as long as wide Bolla. 11. Ape.K of fore wing falcate Eantis. Fore wings not falcate 12. 12. No costal fold in the male Grais. A costal fold present in the male 13. 13. Wings elongate; hind wings wavy Timochares. Wings trigonate ; hind wings entire Melanthes. Sept., 1905.] Dyar : HESPERiin.+: of the United States. 117 Genus SCELOTHRIX Rambur. SyNOI'SIS of Sl'LClLS. 1. Size larger, expanse 22-2S mm 2. Size smaller, expanse 19-24 mm 3. 2. Plind wings with faint white spots above centaureSB. Hind wings with distinct white spots above caespitalis. 3. Fringe of wings black spotted xanthus. Fringe white scriptura. S. centaureae Rambur. Inhabits the Atlantic States, though it is rare ; extends into the Northwest ; I have a specimen from Ft. Providence, Mackenzie (Preeble). S. C3espitalis Boisduval. Inhabits the Pacific coast from British Columbia to California. S. xanthus Edwards. Described from southern Colorado and perhaps only a small form oi cefitaiirea as Mabille suggests. S. scriptura Boisduval. From Arizona, New Mexico and California. Genus HELIOPETES Billberg. Synopsis of Species. 1. Fore wings white with black apical shading 2. Fore wings with outer black checkered border 3. 2. Under side of hind wings with two brown patches at right angles laviana. With these patches subparallel macaira. 3. Fore wings spotted with white on the median area 5. Fore wings with the median area more or less broadly white 4. 4. Black submarginal band of hind wings obsolete or dentate.. ericetorum. Black submarginal band broad, nearly straight domicella. 5. Hind wings with distinct markings below syrichtus. Hind wings with the marks nearly obsolete, white philetas. H. laviana Hewitson. Reported from our southern border. H. macaira Reakirt. Reported from our southern border. H. ericetorum Boisduval. Occurs in California, both in the plains and mountains. H. domicella Erichson. Reported from our southern border. H. syrichtus Fabricius. Reported from our southern border. Mabille includes this species 118 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. in the genus Hesperia, section Pyrgus, although it directly contradicts his diagnosis. We have no species of Hesperia in America ; all our species have the costal fold in the male. Syrich/i/s falls in Heliopetes on the presence of the hair jjencil on the hind tibine. H. philetas Edwards. Described from one female from western Texas. From this type the generic position cannot be ascertained ; but Dr. Barnes has given me a male fron Huachuca I\Its., Arizona, which he has identified as f'Jiiletas. It resembles syriclitiis above and has the hair pencil ; below the hind wings are nearly entirely white. Genus PYRGUS Hubner. P. montivaga Reakirt. Occurs throughout the United States. We have been listing two species, iiio/itivaga Reak. and iessellata Scudd., but Mabille unites them, following Godman and Salvin. Genus HESPEROPSIS, new. Much as in Hesperia Fab., but the palpi long, with long, distinct, porrect, terminal joint. No costal fold in the male ; no hair pencil on hind tibi;T2 ; two i)airs of spurs. Club of antennae ovoid, gently curved, the tip blunt and bare. Wings broad with entire margins. Type. — Fliolisora alpfueiis Iklwards. .Sv.Noi'sis OF Species. 1. Fore wings blackish with white spots 2. Fore wings gray irrorate, black clashes in sublerniina! space alphasus. 2. Under side of hind wings with many white spots libya. Under side of hind wings with a single discal bar lena. H. libya Scudder. Occurs in southern California and Arizona. H. lena Edwards. The ty])es were from Montana. This may be a variety of Ulna as I learn from consulting with Dr. Skinner. 1 have not seen any cer- tainly determined si)ecimens. H. alphaeus Edwards. Occurs in Arizona. Mabille places these species in Pliolisora with- out comment, although they contradict his diagnosis in the absence of the costal fold and the shape of the club of the antennas. God- man and Salvin also leave alplur.us in Fliolisora ; but they express Sept., 1905.] Dyar : Hesperiid.^. OF THE Unitkd States. 119 doubt and mention the different shajje of the chib. I have thought it advisable to erect a new genus. Genus CHIOMARA Godman & Salvin. Synoi'sis oi" Si'K(.:ir.s. I. Hind wings with wliitc spots on the disk asychis. Wini^s without any white except on the fringe gesta. C. asychis Cramer. Reported from our southern border. The species looks Hl<:e a Heliopcit's. C. gesta Herrich-Schaeffer. /? Occurs in Texas. Nisoniades /A^/z^V Dodge is a synonym of it as I learn from examining the type which Mr. Dodge has kindly sent to me. Genus EANTIS Boisduval. E. thraso Hiibner. Occurs in Texas on our southern border. Genus GRAIS Godman & Salvin. G. stigmaticus Mabille. Reported from our southern border. Genus TIMOC HARES Godman & Salvin. T. ruptifasciatus Plotz. Reported from our southern border. Genus SYSTASEA Butler. S. pulverulenta Felder. Occurs in Texas. Dr. Skinner makes zaj/ipa Edw. a synonym and I follow him, although Mabille keeps these narnes separate. Genus HOLLA Mabille. SVNOI'SIS OF Sri'X'lES. I. Head and palpi above golden yellow ceos. Head and palpi above fuscous brennus. B. ceos Edwards. Occurs in southern Arizona. B. brennus Godman & Salvin. Reported from our southern bonier. Genus CELOTES Godman & Salvin. C. nessus Edwards. Occurs in Texas and Arizona. 120 Journal New York. Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Genus PHOLISORA Scudder. P. Catullus Fabricius. P. mejicanus Reakirt. I am unable to distinguish these forms except by the locality. Specimens from Arizona, New Mexico, southern California and Mexico I have referred to the latter ; those from the rest of the United States to the former. Godman and Salvin give genitalic differences, which I have not looked for. Genus MELANTHUS Mabille. M. brunnea Herrich-Schaeffer. (Jccurson the Florida Keys. Mabille places MelaiiiJiiis in the sec- tion of the table that has the point of the antennal club obtuse, but it appears to me to be sharp and I have placed it accordingly. Dr. Skinner is responsible for the determination. Genus THANAOS Boisduval. Synopsis o\- Species. 1. Fore wings witli rows of black-edged spots witliout liya'iiiie centers 2. Fore wings with some of the spots white-hyaline centered 5. 2. Male darkly blackish, the spots not contrasting somnus. Male less dark, the spots more relieved 3. 3. Larger species brizo. Smaller species 4. 4. Bands normal, the outer one well beyond the cell icelus. Bands abnormal, the outer one composed of clavate rays ausonius. 5. Fringe of fore wings dark 6. I'ringe of fore wings white , 15. 6. Smaller species, the white dots mostly punctiform 7- Larger species, some of the white dots of large size 13. 7. Markings strongly contrasted martialis. Markings not well contrasted 8. 8. A discolorous brownish patch over end of cell naevius, terentius. This patch not distinct, or absent 9. 9. Male very dark with marks nearly obscured lO. Male less dark with the markings more contrasted II. 10. Wings brownish tinted, markings legible, though obscure persius. Wings densely black, the markings nearly completely lost per ligra. 11. Fore wings hoary gray powdered afranius. Fore wings not gray powdered 12. 12. Smaller species lucilius. I ,arger species lilius . 13. Fore wings hoary gray powdered propertius. I'ore wings not gray powdered I4. Sept., 1905.] DvAR : Hesperiid.e of the United States. 121 14. Two whitish subapical spots on hind wings below juvenalis. Without these spots petronius, horatius. 15. Fore wings elongate, with brown discolorous patch at end of cell funeralis. Fore wings less elongate, without a patch at end of cell l6. 16. Smaller species with distinct markings pacuvius. Larger species with indistinct markings 17. 17. Hind wings below with white spots within the fringe clitus. Hind wings below without these spots tristis, tatius. T. somnus Lintner. Occurs in Florida. It is, perhai)s, but a dark form of hrizo ; the male genitalia are the same. T. brizo Boisduval & Leconte. Occurs in the northern Atlantic and Pacific states, Washington to Athabasca. T. callidns Grinnell, from southern California, I was unable to formulate from the description ; but Mr. Grinnell has most kindly sent me the male type, which I find to be a rather small nar- rowly marked hrizo with dark ground color. T. icelus Lintner. Occurs in the Atlantic States. T. ausonius Lintner, Described from Albany, New York and never since found. It is presumably an aberration. T. martialis Scudder. Occurs in the Atlantic states. T. terentius Scudder & Burgess Occurs in the southern Atlantic states. I cannot differentiate Lintner' s ucEviiis of Florida from this. T. persius Scudder. Occurs in the Atlantic states. T. pernigra Grinnell. Mr. Grinnell has obligingly loaned me the unique type. The species represents the eastern persius in California, but is separable therefrom by the very dark coloration. T. lucilius Lintner. Occurs in the Atlantic states. T. afranius Lintner. Occurs in the Rocky Mountains, Montana to Nevada. T. lilius Dyar. Occurs in the Pacific states, Washington, British Columbia, Call- 122 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. fornia. I imagine this will prove synonymous with tibiiUtis Scudd. & Burg., which I do not otherwise know. The genitalia of liliiis are much like the figure of those of tibiilliis. In the lilius examined the middle lobe of the left side piece is smooth without spines ; otherwise I see no essential difference. T. propertius Lintner. Occurs in the Pacific states. Specimens from Colorado formerly identified d& propertius I now consider to be large examples of afra- niiis. Their genitalia differ from the propertius of California, which proves there are two species although they are so similar. T. juvenalis Fabricius. Occurs in the Eastern states. T. horatius Scudder & Burgess. Occurs in the southern Atlantic states. I am unable to differ- entiate Lintner' s/^Z/'f^v/zV/i- from Florida from this species except by the more contrasted coloration and larger spots. I do not think that they are the same, but rather XhdiX. petroniiis will prove to be juvenalis with- out the white spots on the hind wings below. This character is not improbably evanescent, and is the only one I know of to separate petroiiius and juvenalis. T. plautus Scudd. & Burg., hitherto un- identified, is not improbably another synonym oi juvenalis. The figure of the genitalia does not appear specifically different, supposing the pieces to be in a different position. The right clasp may be broken and its basal lobe somewhat uncurved. Considerable allowance has to be made in the appearance of the figures of these organs, but there is really no great variation, though their complex appearance makes them difficult to interpret at first. T. funeralis Scudder & Burgess. Occurs in the western states, Texas, Arizona, California. T. pacuvius Lintner. From Colorado and Arizona. T. clitus Edwards. From Arizona and Mexico. This seems the same as alboinargi- natus of Godman & Salvin. T. tristis Boisduval. Occurs in the western states, Southern California, Arizona, Mexico. I cannot differentiate Edwards' tatius from this. The following table separates the species of Thanaos by the male genitalia for those species that have been examined : Sept., 1905.] Dyar : Hesperiid/E OF THE United States. 123 1. Right side piece with an outward projection at right angles ; both tips spinose.. 2. Right side piece without any outward projection, the lobe basal or sul^basal and more or less parallel to the body of the clasp 3. 2. Middle projection of left side piece longer than wide and basally curved, ap- proximated to the clasp brizo, somnus. This projection wider than long, short, truncate icelus. 3. Left side piece with no central projection ; projection of right side piece unusually basal , remote, conic martialis . Left side piece with a central projection; projection of right piece less basal approximate 4. 4. Basal lobe of left side piece slender, longer than wide persius, lucilius. This lobe broad, square, the inner angle sometimes produced 5. 5. Projection of right side piece very broad and truncate 7. This part moderate, band-shaped, curved toward base 6. 6. Middle lobe of left side piece with spiny inner angle and short outward point. juvenalis. This lobe with a long distinct concave outer point afranius. 7. Tip of right piece long produced, finger-shaped S. Tip of right piece shortly produced, truncate 9. S. Basal lobe of right side piece concave on the side propertius. This lobe convex on the side and roundedly curved down tibuUus, lilius. ' 9. Basal lobe of right side piece well hollowed at the margin ; middle point of left side piece smooth horatius. Basal lobe of right side piece scarcely hollowed ; middle lobe of left side piece spinose 10. lo. Basal lobe of right side piece slightly concave within ; lips square and joined to the side piece ....terentius, n£evius. This lobe convex within with a narrow tip funeralis. This lobe with a double pointed tip next to the the terminal lobe tristis. Subfamily Pamphilin.b. SECTION A. Kk.y to the Genera. I. Posterior tibire with one pair of spurs.. Patnphila. Posterior Ub\x with two pairs of spurs Dalla. Genus PAMPfllLA Fabricius. P. palaemon Pallas. Thi.s European species occurs throughout the North from Maine to British Columbia and the mountains of California. Genus DALLA Mabille. I have gathered three species from the genera Butleria, Pholisora and Pyrgus where they were formerly associated. Mabille has restricted Butleria to Chilean species and erects a new genus, Dalla, 124 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. in which he puts some of Godman and Salvin's species of Biitleria, so that I presume he intends his genus to replace Bittleria as used by them. Synopsis of Species. 1. Hind wings with spots below 2. Hind wings immaculate pirus. 2. Many small spots on hind wings below microsticta. A few large spots on hind wings below pollngii. D. pirus Edwards. Occurs in Colorada, Utah and New Mexico. D. microsticta Godman & Salvin. Reported from our southern border. D. polingii Barnes. Occurs in southern Arizona. SECTION B. Key to the Genera. 1. Antenn.u with the point of the club absent; end obtuse 2. Antenmie 'with the point of the club present ; end sliarp 6. 2. Fore wings of male with a linear stigma 3. Wings without a stigma 5. 3. Stigma nearly longitudinal Copseodes. Stigma oblique, normal 4. 4. Fore wing with vein 2 nearer base than end of cell.. Adopaea. Fore wing with vein 2 at middle of cell Cheerephon. 5. Fore wing with vein 12 short, the wing enlarged costally Ancyloxypha. Fore wing with vein 12 longer; wing normally shaped Oarisma. 6. Antennae wiih the point of the club short, less than width of club. 7. Point of club long, equal to or greater than the width of the club 12. 7. Antenna; short, equal to the width of the thorax Hylephila. Antennae longer, twice the width of the thorax 8. 8. Vein 3 of fore wings well before the end of the cell Polites. Vein 3 of fore wings near the end of the cell 9. 9. Male stigma with modified scales below 10. Male stigma without modified scales below Ochlodes. ID. Stigma apparently continuous II. Stigma divided by raised silky scales Catia. 11. A large black patch below stigma Atalopedes. A small black area below stigma Thymelicus. An obscure, weak fulvous area below stigma Erynnis. 12. Mid tibire with long distinct spines 13. Mid tibiie not, or very feebly spined 24. 13. Fore wings of male with a stigma 14. Fore wings without a stigma 20. Sept., igos-l DVAR : HESPERlin.K OF THF. UnITF.D StATF.S. 125 14. Vein 2 at or beyond the middle of the cell 15. Vein 2 arising well before the middle of the cell 17. 15. Male stigma thick, curved somewhat S shaped Lerema. Male stigma linear, oblique 16. Male stigma a broad illy defined patch Epiphyes. 16. Third joint of palpi longer, more slender Mastor. Third joint of palpi moderate, thicker Atrytonopsis. 17. Outer margin incised above anal angle ; hind wings lobed Thespieus. Wings entire 18 18. Male stigma double, parallel, on the veins Stomyles. Male stigma oblique, normal 19. 19. Third joint of palpi long and slender Amblyscirtes. Third joint of palpi short and obtuse Paratrytone. 20. Wings broad and ample 21. Fore wings trigonate, hind wings rounded, normal 22. 21. Hind wings with vein 3 from the end of the cell Phycanassa. Hind wings with vein 3 before the end of the cell Poanes. 22. Fore wings elongate ; hind wings subcaudate Calpodes. Wings not so much produced 23. 23. Vein 3 of fore wings well before end of cell Atrytone. Vein 3 of fore wings near end of cell Lerodea. 24. Male with a stigma 25. Without a stigma 26 . 25. Pore wings with vein 3 near end of cell ; wings black Euphyes. \'ein 3 more remote from end of cell ; wings fulvous spotted Limochroes. 26. Antenna; moderate, half as long as costa.._. 27. An tenure long, reaching over h If the costa Padraona. 27. Fore wings elongate ; hind wings subcaudate Prenes. Fore wings normally shaped Anatrytone. Genus ADOPJEA Billberg. Svn5i'£is ctf Species. I. Hind wings below with black shades, separated by a whitish ray eunus. Hind wings below nearly immaculate pale ocher yellow wrightii. A. eunus Edwards. Occurs on the Pacific coast. It was described from Mt. Hood ; I have specimens from Los Angeles, California, and the Argus Mts. The latter have nearl}'^ lost the markings below. A. wrightii Edwards. I have examined four specimens in the Strecker collection front the Mojave Desert. It is not more than a local form of the preced- ing species. Genus CH^REPHON Godman & Salvin. Svxorsis oi'- Si'KciES. I. Outer band on fore wings below well excurved at cell rhesus This band nearly evenly arcuate carus. 126 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. C. rhesus Edwards. Occurs in the mountains of Colorado and Mexico at high altitudes. C. car us Edwards. Occurs in the Huachuca and Catalina mountains of Arizona. Genus COP-ffiODES Speyer. C. auriantiaca Hewitson. Not uncommon in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. We have been calling it by the name /;7'(-;7> Edw.; but that has been shown to be a synonym. Genus ANCYLOXYPHA Felder. Synopsis of Species. 1. Fore wings siifhised with blackish 2. Fore wings fulvous with blackisli outer border arena. 2. Fore wings with bronzy reflections numitor. Fore wings with bluisli reflections longleyi. A. arena Edwards. Occurs in southern Arizona. C. niyrtis Edw. (Bulletin 52, U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 477) is a synonym. A. numitor Fabricius. Common throughout the eastern United States, flying in grass near water. A. longleyi French. Described from one female taken near Chicago. I doubt its dis- tinctness from niDiiitor. Mr. Longley writes me that it was taken on the prairie away from water, but he suggests that it may have emerged from some barn where it could have been carried- as pupa. If so, the unusual dryness may be the cause of the aberrant coloration of the imago. No second specimen has been met with. Genus OARISMA Scudder. Synopsis of Species. I. Fore wings bright bronzy with dark contrasted fringes adwardsii. Fore wings o\'erspread with bronzy; smaller species garita. Fore wings broadly bronzy on the costa ; larger species powescheik. O. adwardsii Barnes. Occurs in Arizona and Colorado. It is hardly more than a race o{ givita, and may be the Iiyhix of Edwards, as Dr. Barnes points out to me. 0. garita Reakirt. Occurs in Colorado, Dakota and Manitoba. Sept.. 1905.] Dyar : Hfsperiid.-e op^ the United States. 127 0. powescheik Parker. I have it from Wisconsin and Michigan. Genus HYLEPHILA Billberg. H. phylaeus Drury. Common in the Southern States to southern California and Mexico. Genus POLITES Scudder. P. coras Cramer. Common in the eastern United States. Both sexes vary markedly in the amount of reduction of the fulvous markings, so that extremes might be easily thought different species. It is more familar to us under the synonymical name /rr/JvV/j- Kirby. Genus ATALOPEDES Scudder. Synopsis of Spkcies. 1. Female witli a fulvous submarginal band and ray in cell of hind wings above. campestris. Female with one bifid yellow spot on hind wings above tnesogramma. A. campestris Boisduval. Occurs throughout the United States in the more southern por- tions; in the Mississippi Valley as far north as Dakota. A. mesogramma Latreille [tioiasa Hewitson). Included on the authority of Mabille, who credits the species to "North America." This may refer to the West Indies or Mexico. I do not know the species. Genus THYMELICUS Hubner. Synopsis of Species. 1. Male stigma narrow, linear, straight and small baracoa. Male stigma broader, thicker, somewhat sinuous, large 2. 2. Stigma nearly continuous 3. Stigma partly divided, showing an upper and lower black .'^pot and an outward oblique black bar 6. 3. Hind wings below grayish straw color with faint outer row of pale spots.. .alcina. Hind wings below brownish with an outer row of yellow spots and one in cell. 4. 4. Spots on hind wings below larger, diffused, nearer margin mystic. Spots below smaller, concrete, further from the margin 5. 5. Fore wings scarcely washed with fulvous beyond the stigma siris. Fore wings distinctly washed with fulvous beyond the stigma sylvanoides. 6. Hind wings predominantly light colored below with dark markings 7. Hind wings dark colored below, immaculate or with light markings 8. 7. Marginal band of fore wings of male broad, heavy vibex. Marginal band narrow, dentate brettus. Marginal band still narrower, broken opposite cell chusca. 128 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. 8. Hind wings immaculate below cernes. Hind wings with liglit markings below 9. 9. Veins of hind wings below dark, separating the s|-.ot.s 10. Veins pale, uniting and producing the spots sabuleti. 10. Marks on hind wings below distinct dracO. Marks on hind wings below faint and clouded mardon. T. baracoa Lucas. It is found in Florida. T. alcina Skinner. From Colorado. Dr. Skinner thinks that this may be r/tcna Edvv., but we have not seen the type. T. mystic Scudder. Occurs in the eastern United States. T. sylvanoides Boisduval. Occurs on the Pacific coast and mountains. T. siris Edwards. Occurs in the western United States, Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast. I doubt the distinctness of this form from syhhi/ioides. Both sexes are a little darker, but I see no other difference. T. vibex Hiibner (s/ii^wii Skinner, not Staudinger). Occurs on our southern border. T. breltus Boisduval & Leconte. Inhabits the Southern States. I think this is only a varietal form of vibex. The dark markings in the male are more extended in vibcx, but they vary. I have specimens from Jalapa, Mexico, labelled vibex by Mr. Schaus, which are indistinguishable from Texan brcttus. God- nian and Salvin also are of my opinion (Biol. Cent. Am., Rhop., ii, 480, 1900). T. chusca Edwards. Described from one male from Arizona. I have not seen the species. T. cernes Boisduval & Leconte. Inhabits the eastern United States. T. draco Edwards. From the mountains in the West ; southern Colorado, Idaho^ Wyoming, Crater Fake, Oregon. T. mardon Edwards. Washington (Neumoegen collection, Brooklyn Museum). T. sabuleti Boisduval. From the western United States, California, Nevada, Arizona. Sept., 1905.] Dyar : Hespkriid.i=: OF THE UxiTF.D States. 129 Genus CATIA Godman & Salvin. C. druryi Latreille. Better known as oUio A. & S. ; inhabits the eastern United States. It is easily recognized by the pecuHar stigma of the male which is a further modification of the Tyi)iclicits pattern. Genus ERYNNIS Schrank. Synopsis of Si'KCIES. 1. Hind wings below with spots united into a band forming pale rays on veins.. 2. These spots divided by dark veins or absent .. 4. 2. P5and below white 3. Band below fulvous manitoboides. 3. Ground color of hind wings below uniformly dark brown metea. Ground color varied with greenish and yellow unkas. Ground color entirely greenish yellow lasus. 4. Hind wings with white spots below 5. Hind wings with the spots not white, yellow, pale or obsolete 7. 5. A linear white ray in the cell morrisoni. At most a white spot in the cell 6. 6. Male stigma thick, straight, partly doubled comma. Male stigma long, linear, "ctirvfe'd juba. 7. Hind wings with pale spots below 8. Hind wings immaculate 9. 8. Fore wings with the fulvous color reduced, absent from the costal edge. .attains. Fore wings with the fulvous color extended, covering costal edge leonardus. Fore wings broadly fulvous, the outer margin broadly pale fusccus. ruricola, cabelus. 9. Stigma as usual, thick, subdivided on vein 2 10. Stigma narrowly linear, continued over vein 2 11. 10. Fore wings fulvous with outer fuscous edge pawnee, oregona. Fore wings largely fuscous, the fulvous reduced to spots meskei. 11. Fore wings with a broad dark fuscous edge licinus. Fore wings fulvous with a faint marginal cloud ottoe. Fore wings ocher yellow, immaculate yuma. E. morrisonii Edwards. I have a male from Colorado (Neumoegen, Meske collection). E. comma Linnaeus. The species occurs throughout the northern and mountainous parts of the United States and has received many names. In Bulletin 52, U. S. Nat. Mus., eleven varieties are recognized, but I think three or four names will suffice. Laiirentiiia Lyman, colomdo Scudder = 7nanitoba Scudder = nevada Scudder, colwjjJna Scudder, idaho Ed- wards = assinihoia Lyl^^an will be referred to the synonymy of comma. The varietes are distinguished about as follows : 130 Journal New York Entomologicai, Society. [Voi. xiii. Hind wings below dark brown, spots moderate laurentina. Hind wings below gray green, spots often reduced Colorado. Hind wings below grayish green, the spots often small and tending to form a straight row; smaller than the other forms Columbia. Hind wings below light yellow or greenish idaho. E. juba Scudder. From (."olorado, Idaho and the mountains of California. Similar to comma but larger, brighter fulvous with somewhat more pointed wings, the male stigma narrower and curved. The variety viridis Edwards has the wings more obscured with fuscous. E. metea Scudder. From the northern Atlantic States and Allegheny mountains. E. unkas Edwards. From the Rocky Mountain region, Kansas and Colorado. E. lasus Edwards. Frorn southwest Arizona. The male type is in the Neumoegen col- lection in the Brooklyn Museum. E. manitoboides Fletcher. I have Dr. Fletcher's type from Nepigon. I cannot agree with Dr. Skinner that this is a form of comma. In the male type the pale lines on the veins below are in evidence as in metea and unkas ; they are lost in the female type, Avhich would fall in the neighborhood of attains and leoiiarJus, from which the coloration of the upper side separates it. E. attalus Edwards. From the Southern States ; common in Florida. E. leonardus Harris. From the northern Atlantic States. This is, perhaps, only a form of the preceding. E. pawnee Dodge. From the western plains, Utah, Nebraska. E. oregona Edwards. From California and Nevada. I have not seen it. From the de- scription it falls x\^2.x pawnee, if it really belongs to the genus Eryiinis. Edwards says: ''Size of Colorado; bright yellow fulvous on u]iper side, the subapical spots not well defined. Below grayish yellow, spots scarcely lighter (not white nor even light), the band on the hind wings slight, often maculate." Sept., 1905. 1 Dyar : Hesprriid.^: OF THE United Statf-s. 131 E. meskei Edwards. From Indian River, Florida (Neumoegen collection, F)rooklyn Museum). E. licinus Edwards. I have a single specimen from Texas which Dr. Skinner has de- termined. E. cabelus Edwards. Unknown to me. Described as near ottoe, but with pale spots on the hind wings below, lacking, however, in one specimen. Nevada. E. ruricola Boisduval. Described from California. I do not know this species. Bois- duval's description as supplemented by Edwards makes the species fall near cabelus. Mr. Schaus, however, identifies as ruricola a speci- men of coiiuna in which the white spots are very small and nearly obsolete. E. ottoe Edwards. I have seen two males and two females in the Strecker collection from Utah. The marginal band is nearly obsolete, yet serves to de- fine the pale spots. E. yuma Edwards. Unknown to me and perhaps in the wrong genus. From the de- scription it must be a very distinct form. Arizona. E. axius Plotz. This is added by Mabille. I do not know it. Genus OCHLODES Scudder. SvNoi'sis OF Species. 1. Large ; wings brown with hyaline spots snowi. Smaller ; wings largely marked with fulvous 2, 2. .Sligma of male very oblique, touching vein i within basal thirti harpalus, sassacus. Stigma less oblique, touching vein i beyond basal third 3. 3. Hind wings dark below with contrasting yellow spots pratincola. Flind wings pale below, spots not contrasting 4. Hind wings immaculate below 5. 4. Smaller, dark markings of fore wings confluent nemorum. Larger, dark markings of fore wing separated into a border and a discal mark. agricola, napa. 5. Fore wings with fuscous spot at end of stigma, no translucent spots on costal margin verus. Fore wings without fuscous spot at end of stigma and with three translucent spots on costal margin milo. 132 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. 0- snowi Edwards. From Colorado and Arizona. This species is aberrant in tliis genus as there is a very distinct point to the antennal ckib, ahiiost as long as the width of the club. It might find place near Amblyscirtes, but, as it would form a new generic type there, I leave it where Mabille puts it. 0. sassacus Harris. From the northeastern United States. 0. harpalus Edwards. Unknown to me. Described as near sassacus and, from the de- scription, indistinguishable therefrom. Nevada. 0. pratincola Boisduval. Inhabits the Pacific coast to IJritish Columbia. 0. nemorum Boisduval. From California. 0. verus Edwards. From California ; it is like ai:;ricola above but lacks the spots below. It is i)robably only a light variety of ai:;ricola. 0. afjricola Boisduval. From the i'acific Coast, British Columbia, Nevada. 0. napa Edwards. From Colorado and Washington. I do not believe that this is specifically distinct from ai^ricola. It is a little larger only and the markings a very little better defined. Otherwise I see no differences whatever. 0. milo Edwards. Autoptically unknown to me and perhaps not of this genus, but described as near a^i^n'cola. From Mt. Hood, Oregon. Genus EPIPHYES, new. Antennal club cylindrical, the point rather obtuse and about etjual to the diameter of the club. Palpi with the third joint moderate, rather slender ; wings normal, vein 2 arising at the middle of the cell, 3 before the end. Mid tibia: sjnny. Male stigma a large, ill defined blotch. Type Painpliila Carolina Skinner. E. Carolina Skinner. From North Carolina. Sept., 1905.1 UVAR : HESl'KRIID.li OF THE UmTED StATES. 133 Genus LEREMA Scudder. L. accius Abbot «& Smith. Inhabits the Southern States. Dr. Skinner thinks that lionis Edw. from Texas is ])rohal)ly a synonym. Genus MASTOR Godman & Salvin. SvNorsis OF Stecies. I. Head and collar golden, fringe sordid pale phylace. Head, collar and fringe golden bellus. M. bellus Edwards. From Arizona. M. phylace Edwards. New jNIexico. I have seen two specimens in the Strecker collection. Genus ATRYTONOPSIS Godman & Salvin. SvNoi'sis OF Species. 1. Hin3 wings imniaculatc above 2 Hind wing.s with fulvous or hyaline spots 5 2. Larger species, fringe of hind wings white 3 Smaller species, fringe of hind wings not white hianna 3. No hyaline spot at the end of the cell of fore wings deva A hyaline spot at the end of the cell 4 4. Brown, the discal spot lunate lunus Grayer, the discal spot more erect vierecki 5. Hind wings with a straight row of whitish hyaline spots pittacus Hind wings with an irregular row of spots, accompanied by others below 0 6. Spots yellow hyaline ; stigma faint, straight python Spots white hyaline; stigma bent, oblique, distinct cestus A. deva Edwards. From Arizona. A. lunus Edwards. F'rom Arizona. 1 have seen none but females of this species but suppose it properly referred here. A. vierecki Skinner. From New Mexico. I have examined the types in the collection of the Academy of Nat. Sci. at Philadelphia. The species looks like a faded liiuiis, but the color is evidently natural. A. hianna Scudder. Occurs in the northern Atlantic States. A. pittacus Edwards. From Arizona. 134 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. A. python Edwards. From Arizona. A. cestus Edwards. From Arizona. Genus THESPIEUS Godman & Salvin. T. macareus Herrich-Schaeffer. Reported from our southern border. Genus STOMYLES Scudder. Synopsis of Si^fxiks. 1. Hind wings below with spots joined by the pale veins textor Hind wings below with pale spots on a darl< ground 2 Hind wings below immaculate fusca 2. Spots of fore wings dislocated, the 4th of the row below the cell well beyond the subapical row 3 Spots of fore wing in a curved row 4 3. Larger species, expanse 25 mm comus Smaller species, expanse 20 mm hegon 4. Hind wings below with base and margin grayish, mtdille tieUl brown with diftuse pale spots arabus Ground color of hind wings lielow uniform 5 5. Hind wings below brown, grayish irrorate celia Hind wings below brown, yellow bronzy nereus S. textor Hiibner. Occurs in the Southern States, North Carolina, Florida. S. celia Skinner. From Texas. The male stigma consists of a slight thickening along the outer section of the median vein and base of vein 2. In another specimen it extends out a little between the fork of these veins, suggesting the form shown by cc/n/s and si/iii/is. The species therefore approaches the genus Atnblyscirtes. S. nereus Edwards. I have only a single worn female from the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, named by Dr. Barnes, so I cannot vouch for the generic posi- tion in the absence of a male. S. hegon Scudder. One male is before me from Texas, XdX^oWtAsaiiioset by Mr. Belfrage. S. comus Edwards. Unknown to me. I see nothing in the description to separate this from hegon except the larger size. From Texas. Sept . 1905.1 Dyar : Hesperiid.e of the United States. 135 S. arabus Edwards. Arizona. One specimen in the Strecker collection. It much resembles the South American odilia Berg. S. fusca Grote & Robinson. From the Southern States, New York to Georgia. The male stigma is practically obsolete, though I think I see a trace of it. The species might be placed in Lcrodea. Genus AMBLYSCIRTES Scudder. SVMiI'SIS OK Sl'ECIES. 1. Hind wings with small white spots below in a circle 2. Hind wings not so marked 3. 2. Larger species ; third joint of palpi smaller nanno. " Smaller species ; third joint of palpi longer elissa. ♦ 3. Hind wings without white sp(^ts above, at most an obscure fulvous Ijand 4. Hind wings with white spots above eos. • 4. Wings black with white costo-apical dots 5- Wings more or less bronzy, spots fulvous or obsolete 7- 5. Hind wings below whitish and purple irrorate, without band 6. With an irregularly mottled dark central band nysa. « 6. Marks below purplish, forming a distinct outer border vialis.- With pale irrorations on a dark ground only meridionalis.^ 7. Marks on wings above nearly obsolete oslari. - Marks on wings above forming distinct fulvous spots 8. 8. Band of spots broken, no spot in the interspace 5-7 £enus. - / ^ T Band of spots continued around cell 9- 9. Male stigma small, nearly obsolete simius. '~ Male stigma large, well developed cassus. - A. nanno Edwards. From Arizona. A. elissa Godman & Salvin. Reported from our southern border. A. vialis Edwards. Inhabits the northern United States, New York, Pennsylvania, Washington, British Columbia. A. meridionalis, new species. Like vial/'s above, but the spots whiter and smaller. On under side of hind wings there is only a faint purplish irroration on a brown ground, faintly showing a discal dot and outer band in pale scales. Described from three specimens in the Strecker collection from Georgia and Florida, labelled Amblyscirtes eos. It may be a southern form of vialis. The three specimens are uniforn). 136 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. A. nysa Edwards. From Texas and Arizona. A. eos Edwards. From Arizona. A. senus Edwards. From Colorado and Arizona. A. oslari Skinner. Dr. Skinner has loaned me his male type from Colorado. I have a male like it from Arizona that has stood under the label lenus for years. Also a pair recently received from the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, collected August 20, 1903, by Mr. E. J. Oslar. A. simius Edwards. Colorado. I have examined two specimens in the Strecker col- lection. A. cassus Edwards. From Arizona. Genus PARATRYTONE, new. Antennae with the club slender, the point bent, tapered, longer than the width of the club. Palpi with the third joint short, thick ; middle tibiae spined. Vein 2 arising before the middle of the cell ; male with a narrow, straight stigma from vein 3 to vein i, broken on vein 2. Type. — Painp]iila howardi Skinner. Synopsis of Species. 1. Male stigma heavy, black ; dark border of fore wings faint scudderi. Male stigma delicate, grayish ; dark border of fore wings distinct 2. 2. Larger; black marks heavier, spot beyond cell touching the discal arc. ...howardi. Smaller ; black marks less defined, the spot beyond the cell not touching the discal arc aaroni. P. scudderi Skinner. Dr. Skinner has kindly loaned me his male and female types. He has associated the species with the coiiuna group (genus Erynnis') ; but this is negatived by the long point of the antenna which is fully as long as the width of the club. The types are from the White River, Colorado. P. howardi Skinner. From Florida. P. aaroni Skinner. From New Jersey. This will probably prove to be not specifi- Sept., 1905.] Dyar : Hesperiid.^ of the United States. 137 cally distinct from Iiowardi when we have specimens from the other southern states. Genus POANES Scudder. P. massasoit Scudder. From the Atlantic states. Genus PHYCANASSA Scudder. P. viator Edwards. From the Atlantic states, common southward. Genus CALPODES Hubner. C. ethlius Cramer. From Florida and Te.xas, the larva on Caniia. / Genus ATRYIONE Scudder. Synopsis of Speciks. 1. Fore wings of the male with the disk broadly fulvous 2. Fore wings of the male with the disk brown with fulvous spots melane. 2. Hind wings below brown with a large yellow patch hobomok. Hind wings below yellow with a subbasal brown band 3. 3. Smaller ; the band below usually continuous zabulon. Larger; the band below broken into spots or obsolete taxiles A. melane Edwards. From southern California. A. hobomok Harris. Inhabits the Atlantic states. A. zabulon Boisduval & Leconte. Inhabits the Atlantic states. A. taxiles Edwards. Inhabits the western United States. Genus LERODEA Scudder. I am unable to separate the genus Oligoria Scudder from Lerodea, and I, therefore, unite them. Synopsis of Species. 1. Hind wings with distinct white spots below 2. Hind wings without white spots below 3. 2. Spots in a median row only maculata. Spots in a median angled row and subbasal ones also loammi. 3. Hind wings below brownish with traces of outer pale band eufala. Hind wings below cinereous, longitudinally streaked osyka 138 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. L. loammi Whitney. From Florida. Three specimens in the Strecker collection. L. maculata Edwards. From Florida. L. eufala Edwards. From Florida. Mabille refers his floridt^ (Bull. 52, U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 470), as a synonym of this. L. osyka Edwards. From Texas and Mexico (Oxaca, L. O. Howard). Genus EUPHYES Scudder. Synopsis of Stecies. I. Fore wings of male with hyaline white spots verna. Fore wings of male black, immaculate metacomet. E. verna Edwards. From the eastern United States. E. metacomet Harris. From the eastern United States. Genus LIMOCHROES Scudder. Synopsis of Species. 1. Hind wings immaculate below 2 Hind wings with pale spots below 6 Hind wings dark below, veins pale, a fulvous ray above angle streckeri 2. Fore wings dark above, scarcely fulvous washed 3 Fore wings with distinct fulvous discal area 4 3. Smaller ; black border of fore wings reaching over half way to stigma. bimaculata Larger ; black border scarcely reaching half way to stigma arpa 4. Stigma thick, heavy, scarcely divided 5 Stigma narrower, more obviously divided byssus 5. Fore wings with the cell to costa fulvous palatka Fore wings with the costa washed with fuscous dion 6. Stigma joined to the margin by fuscous ; hind wings with little or no fulvous manataaqua Stigma separated from the marginal hand by fulvous; hind wings with a fulvous patch 7 7. Yellow discal snot of hmd wings separated from base by fuscous pontiac Yellow discal spot nearly reaching base over cell yehl L. bimaculata Grote & Robinson. From the Atlantic States. Sept., 1905.] Dyar : Hesperiid/e of the United States. 139 L. arpa Boisduval & Leconte. From Florida. L. byssus Edwards. From Florida. L. palatka Edwards. From Florida. L. dion Edwards. From the eastern United States. L. manataaqua Scudder. From the eastern United States. L. pontiac Edwards. From the eastern United States. L. yehl Skinner. From Tennessee. L. streckeri Skinner. The single type from Florida is in the Strecker collection. The antennas are broken and both middle legs lost, so that its true generic position is open to question. I place it provisionally in Liinochroes ; it may be found referable to Paratrytone. Genus PRENES Scudder. Synopsis of Species. 1. Large species, do yellow lining on the veins of hind wings below 2. Smaller species with more or less distinct yellow lining 3. 2. Hind wings immaculate below OCola. With a row of small bluish white spots on costal half. nero. With an outer and basal pale band, a black spot below costal vein ares. 3. Hind wings below with two large white dashes panoquin. Hind wings with three little white dots between the veins panoquinoides. Hind wings below with obscure yellowish dots; veins distinctly lined errans. P. ocola Edwards. From Florida. P. nero Fabricius. Reported from our southern border. P. ares Felder. Reported from our southern border. P. panoquin Scudder. From the southern Atlantic States. 140 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. P. panoquinoides Skinner. From the Florida Kt ys. P. errans Skinner. From southern California. Genus ANATRYTONE, new. Club of antennae cylindrical, the tip about as long as the width of the club, rather obtusely pointed. Wings normal, vein 2 arising near the middle of the cell, 3 close to the end. No sex mark in the male. Third joint of the palpi moderate, obtuse. Mid tibiae without spines or a very few minute ones. Type. — Pamphila dclmuare Edwards. Godman and Salvin place this species in Atrytoue ; but the nearly complete absence of the spines on the middle tibiai has induced me to remove it therefrom. Synop>is of Species. 1. Fore wing of male more or less black lined on the veins 2. Fore wing without black lining on the veins 3. 2. No black patch beyond cell delaware. With a blackish patch beyond the cell vitellius. 3. Wings broadly black bordered arogos. Wings very narrowly black bordered lagus. A. delaware Edwards. Southern States, Nebraska. A. vitellius Fabricius. I do not know whether we have this species. Dr. Skinner unites it with delaware, but Godman & Salvin point out differences. A. arogos Boisduval & Leconte. From the Southern States, Florida, Kansas. A. lagus Edwards. From Texas. Genus PADRAONA Moore. P. dara Kollar. The species has been recorded from West Virginia, Colorado and California, but it is not certain that it really occurs with us ; Dr. Hol- land argues that the records may be erroneous ( Journ. N. Y. ent. soc, vi, 57, 1898). The genus occurs in America, as Mabille records two species from South America ; but it will be a unique record if an Asiastic species, not known in Europe, proves to be widely scattered over North America. Sept., 1905.] DvAR : Hesperiid/E of the United States. 141 Subfamily MEOATHYMiN/f',. Genus MEGATHYMUS Scudder. Synopsis of Species. 1. Hind wings with the outer nv.iigin yellow 2. Hind wings with the outer margin black 4. 2. A white angled patch on subcostal vein belc)\v ; male without erect hairs... yuccSB. No such white patch below ; male with long erect hairs on the hind wings 3. 3. Males with the hairs long ; females with the dislocated siiots of veins 4-6 large streckeri. Males with the hairs shorter; females with these spots small crfaqui. 4. With yellow spots on the liind wings above 5. Without such spots .^ ursus. 5. Fore wings with submiVrginal fulvous band neumoegeni. Fore wings with the band cut into spots by black veins aryxca. M. yuccae Boisduval & Leconte Southern Atlantic states, the larva in the roots of Yucca. Mabille thinks that coloradcusis Riley is a distinct species, but I am unable to separate it except by the size. M. cofaqui Strecker. From Texas. M. streckeri Skinner. Texas, Colorado. Not well separated from the preceding. M. neumoegeni Edwards. From Arizona. Types are in the Neumoegen and Strecker collec- tions and have extensive confluent fulvous markings. The figure in the Biologia represents a differing form which has been generally erroneously identified as nctiniocgcni. M. aryxna, new species. This is the form figured in the Biologia Cent. -Am. Lep. Het., Ill, pi. 69, figs. 3 and 4. It differs from neumoegeni in having the fulvous markings considerably reduced, the outer band being broken into spots. I have ten specimens from Arizona from Ur. Barnes and Mr. Poling. M, ursus Poling. Arizona. Known only in the female. 142 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xin. NOTES ON THE l^ARVJE OF THE HESPERIID^E. The larv;xi of the North American Hes])eriidK have been much neglected, yet they offer a very interesting field for study. Of the foregoing species, only about forty have any larval observations ])ub- lished. Mr. W. II. l^dwards, who has made known the life histories of so many North American butterflies, never seriously undertook the study of those of the Hesi)eriidce, to our great loss. The larvae possess primitive setiie in the first stage with the gener- alized arrangement (Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci., xiv, 52, fig. 3, 1895). After the first molt these are replaced by a coat of fine secondary j)ile. The neck is almost always small, the body is thickened centrally and tapers to the extremities. The feet are of the normal number. After the first molt, when the primitive first stage is lost, there is usually very little c;hange in the larva in structure or coloration, exce|)t the usual develoi^ment of the markings. But one instance is known to me of marked change at the last molt, that of hafahano. In this insect the larva is transformed at the last ecdysis from a smooth wine- red with bright yellow bands, to frosted white jjitled by the non- pruinose areas about the set;ic. The relationships to the other families have been briefly stated by me (Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., viii, 231, 1894; Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci., xiv, 61, note, 1895). The food plants of the s|)ecies are not as diversified as usual, grass and allied plants forming the food of many of the Pamphilinie. The other groups feed on more various plants. None of the species known to me are general feeders or have any a])])roach to such a habit ; tityrus feeds on several plants, but they all belong to the pea family. The larvoe almost invariably construct some shelter by sjiinning together leaves or parts of them into a box-shaped retreat. This is usually the first business of the newly hatched larva and the notches with the bitten part folded over formed in the edges of bean leaves by proicits or tityrus are characteristic of many other species. The larvns oi Mri:;atJiy)niis are borers in the roots of Yucca, which habit has even caused some to think them allied to the Castniidre, although the larvoe themselves really have no affinity therewith. We hope that more study will be devoted to these larvae in the future. Class I. HEXAPODA. Order IX, HEMIPTERA. THE GENUS NOTONECTA IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO. P)\' J. R. 111". I. A 'rORRE BUENO, Nkw York, N. V. (Pl.ATK VII.) The NotonectidcX are one of the most interesting and, as far as color- ation goes, handsomest families of the Cryptocerate llemii)tera, while the genus of which I treat is certainly the most brilliant in hues, nearly every species being of some striking color. JUit, as J have pointed out on other occasions,* these are much neglected groups, and while some little work has been done in Europe in past times by the great masters F. X. Fieber, G. Mayr, Leon Dufour and others, and of late years by their learned successors, George W. Kirkaldy and Prof. A. L. Montandon, specialists in these families, in America nothing has been produced to compare with their work, save, ])erhaps, by I'rof. Uhler, who is easily the premier American Hemipterist. Yet even he has taken up these neglected groups only as they came within the general scope of his specialty. The other Ileteroptera are studied with greater or less closeness in proportion as they are hurtful or harmless, and most of them receive the special attention of the economic entomologist, but the aciuatic forms are little collected and still less studied. Nevertheless, there is an economic asjject to these groups. Being predaceous, they are useful or harmful according to their prey. The great water-bugs of the family Belostomidai are stated by Uhler, f Howard ;|: and others >^ to be harmful where pisci- culture is practised, as they are destructive to young fish. May not * " Notonectidee of the Vicinity of New York," Jouni. N. Y. Ent. Soc, X, 4, 1902. " Brief Notes toward the Life-History of Pelocoris feinorata Pal. 15., with a few remarks on habits," ibid., XI, 3, 1903. t Standard Natural History, II, p. 256. % Insect Book, p. 278. gProc. Ent. Soc. Wash., Ill, 2, pp. 87-88. 143 144 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. the Notonectae likewise destroy such as are sufficiently small to be overcome by them ? I have seen nymphs of Notonecta undnlata Say in the second instar kill and suck the juices of young fish which had just emerged from the egg in my aquaria. Prof. S. A. Forbes's two papers on the food of fresh -water fishes, in the Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History * show that they are of very little account as fish food. He says (/. r.) ; " Indeed, the true Waterbugs (Hemiptera) were generally rare, with the exception of the small soft-bodied genus Corixa, which was taken by one hundred and ten specimens, belonging to twenty-seven species — most abundantly by the sunfishes and top-minnows." Further on in the paper he tabu- lates the families, and in some instances, species, of insect fioh-food^ and contrasting with the number of fish above mentioned that ate Corixas, only one fish was found to have fed on Notonectas, out of the entire number examined. Because of their apparent lack of economic importance, the knowl- edge of American forms is very imperfect and but scant information is available regarding their distribution, habits, life-history and anat- omy. This I have found at every turn while consulting authorities. For this reason in the following pages I will endeavor to make it pos- sible for anyone to identify with very little trouble any of the species of the genus Notonecta that occurs north of Mexico ; and by thus facil- itating this identification and by pointing out gaps in our knowledge that might readily be filled, especially in distribution, induce others to collect and study a group which I am certain will be found eventu- ally to be of positive economic importance, not only as an enemy in fish-culture, but possibly also in useful ways by the destruction of undesirable aquatic larvae. The figures illustrating the various species will enhance the value of this paper, being true to nature and showing very perfectly the different physical characteristics of the waterbugs, being drawn to scale and in perfect proportion. They are the work of Mrs. William l]eutenmiiller, who is, I consider, one of our foremost insect artists. I here wish to express my appreciation of her great kindness in consenting to make these drawings. The genus N'otonecta Linne is of world-wide distribution, but ap- pears to be more especially an American group. Of its twenty species *" Studies on the Food of Fresh Water Fishes," Art. VII, Vol. II. "On the Food Relations of Fresh Water Fishes: .A. Summary and a Discussion," Art. VIII, Voi. II. Sept., 1905.] BuF.NO : NoTONF.cTA OF North America. 145 no less than twelve are peculiar to America, the thirteenth being European and Asiatic, also of these thirteen, eleven are to be found north of Mexico, three being, so far as records show, strictly boreal. It is not safe, however, to generalize regarding such variable and little- known insects, since errors readily arise from this practice. The de- scribed and recorded North American forms are Notonecfa indica Linne {== aincricaiia Fabricius '■■), N. uudiilata Say, N. variabilis Fieber, N. iihleri Kirkaldy, N. mexicana Amyot <.\: Serville, N. irrorata Uhler, N. Iiitea MuUer, N. shoote7H\]\-es(ens. 1852. Blanch., in Gay's Chile, Zoijl., Vdl. VII, p. 233.* N. pallipes. 1881. Leth., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. XXV, p. 13 (nee Fabr.). Description. — " Head diverging curvedly (varying in degree) from the synthlip- sis, which is not (|uite two and a half times less wide than the verte.x. Pronotum very similar to that of N'. glauca Linne, but the humeral margins as a rule not distinct. Scutellum not quite one fourth shorter than the metanotum, varying in color from pale luteous to black, with divers intermediate arrangements of the two colors ; similar hemelytral markings occurring with dissimilarly colored scutella and vice versa. Metanotum varying from luteous to black, with three or more dark castaneousst ripes ; scutellar margin luteous. Hemielytra exceeding variable, giving rise to a number of well-marked varieties, though these are linked together by intermediate forms." (Kirk., Rev., p. 410.) Long., 10 to 13 mm., lat. 3 to 4 mm. Distribution. — My collection : Wood's Holl, Mass., Providence, R. I. ; Long Island, X. Y., Staten Id., N. Y. ; New York City, N. Y. ; Putnam Co., N. Y. ; Palisades, Rahway R. and Delair, N. J. ; Raleigh, N. C. ; Baltimore, Md. ; Wash- ington, D. C. (also colls. Heidemann and U. S. N. M. ) ; Laval Co., Quebec, Canada ; Lake Forest, Chicago and Urbana, Ills. ; Onaga and Douglas, Kansas ; Paige, Texas; Phoenix, Arizona; Bearfoot Mts., B C. ; Dilley, Oregon ; Pasadena, Salton, and Three Rivers, California; Moscow, Idaho (coll. Van Duzee). Collec- tion Heidemann : Maryland, Texas, and St. Kitt's, W. I. Collection U. S. National Museum : Rhode Island, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Central Missouri, Virginia ; Lincoln, Nebraska ; Louisiana, New Mexico, Colorado. Collection Ohio State University: Cedar Bluffs, Nebraska; Ames, Iowa. Albany, N. Y. (Coll. N. Y. State Mus.). Mt. Katahdin, Me. " U. S." (49), Buffalo, N. Y. (53), Madison and Caldwell, N. J. (38), Wauseon and Columbus, Ohio (31); Missouri and Indiana (37) ; Tennessee (39) ; Milk River Region, Montaiia (44) ; Shasta Co., California (51) ; Ft. Collins and Denver, Colorado (13) ; Sloan's Lake, Colorado (42). Minnesota (34) ; Michigan; Kentucky; Utah. 154 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Notonecta unditlata Say is by far the most widely-spread species to be found in America. It ranges from British Columbia down through- out the continent, spreading east and south and ranging down into Chile (according to Kirkaldy, Rev. Not.). The characters given under the preceding species serve to distinguish it from them and from N. variabilis, ?i\\.\\ow^\ small, white specimens of iV". iindiilata may be confused with the latter. Kirkaldy has proposed three color-varie- ties for this bug, calling the pure white, or moonlight, color, with a sienna brown dot at the base of the membrane, var. niaciilata ; the form with black fasciae at the junction of the corium and membrane, var. imdiilata ; and the fasciated form with corium suffused with black, var. cliaroti. While these terms are somewhat useful, it is neverthe- less impossible to draw a definite line between the various forms. In a long series, all intergrades are to be found, from the pure white, or moonlight color before mentioned, to an insect nearly all black, ex- cept for a little white on the clavus and corium, and a small, nearly round spot at the apex of the corium, next the membrane. There are in the National Museum collection five specimens from Louisiana col- lected by C. F. Baker, in which a broad black band occupies the pos- terior portion of the corium and the entire membrane. I have re- cently received this form from Dr. R. E. Kunze, from Phoenix, Arizona. Otherwise, it is indistinguishable from the typical insect. Another specimen in the same collection, from Salt Lake, Utah, while having the notocephalic and pronotal structure of this species, in gen- eral contour and color may be taken for Notonecta varial'ilis. In the American Museum of Natural History, there is a specimen from Guada- lajara, Mexico, which is practically entirely black, varying in tone from deep velvety to brownish black, where in typical specimens the white markings are. As previously mentioned, this is the most common si)ecies of America and easily obtainable at all times. I have endeavored to breed it but have not succeeded in carrying it beyond the second or third instar, owing to the lack of proper food. However, having obtained a number of ova, I give the following descri])tion : OvHiii. — Length, 1.9 to 2 nun. Clear glistening pearly white when recently deposited. Chorion sculptured in irregular he.xagons. Shape, elongate oval. The only other descriptions known to me are a brief note by Prof. H. Carman in Bulletin Illinois State Laboratory of Natural His- tory, Vol. Ill, where on page 174 he says the following: "The Sept., 1905] BuENO : NoTONECTA OF North America. 155 eggs, which are elongated, cylindrical, and white, are attached to aquatic plants." Professor Packard, in " Half Hours with Insects," V, p. 159, also briefly refers to the ovum. I have seen one N. iindiilata in the act of ovapositing, but not knowing what she was doing until too late, all I noticed was an in and out motion of the terminal abdominal segments, lasting possibly half a minute. When she swam away, there was the pearly white egg. I have frequently noted the parenchyma of the weeds slightly abraded, and in the groove thus formed, the ovum is placed. 4. Notonecta variabilis Fieber. .A'', varibilis. 1851. Fieb., Abb. Hohm. Ges. Wiss. (5), VII, p. 477 (in part). 1879. I^erg, Ann. Soc. Cien. Arg., VIII, p. 74. (Reprint, p. 197.) 1897. Kirk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 414. 1902. Ijiieno, Journ. N. Y. Ent. -Soc, vol. X, pp. 231 and 234. 1904. Kirk., Wien. Ent. Zeit., pp. 94 and 95. 1905. Bueno, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, vol. Ill, p. 45. N- undulata. 1885. L'hI., Stand. Nat. Hist. vol. II, p. 252 (in partj. 1886. Uhl., Ch. List, p. 28. N. americaiia. 1899. Ashni., in Smitb's Ins. N. J., p. 144. Description. — " Head, notocephalic lateral margins diverging curvedly from tbe narrow base, vertex about three times as wide as synthlipsis. Pronotum, width of posterior margin not quite twice as great as the length of the pronotum. Heme- lytra, clear white inclining to yellowish, with a golden pubescence. Alar nervures pale golden yellow. Pedes and abdomen as in X. itnditlata Say." (Kirk., Rev., p. 414.) Long., 8.2 to 10.2 mm., lat., 3.2 to 3.7 mm. Distribution. — My collection: VanCortlandt Pk., Ithaca, Putnam Co., Staten Island, N. Y.; Palisades, Rahway, R., Westfield, and Delair, N. J.; Chestnut Hill, Pa.; Lake Forest, Fourth Lake and vicinity of Chicago, Illinois; Washington, D. C; Glen Echo and Bladensburg, Maryland; Montreal, (Quebec; Raleigh, N. C. Hatch Experiment Station Collection ; Amherst, Massachusetts ; Pennsylvania, and Maryland. L'. S. National Museum Collection : Lake Maxicuche, Indiana, Wis- consin, Michigan, Kansas, Rhode Island. Ohio State University collection : Maine; Columbus and Ashtabula, Ohio ; Cedar Bluffs and Pine Ridge, Nebraska. Notonecta variabilis P'ieber is readily distinguishable from N. undulata by its smaller size, the largest N'. variabilis barely equalling the smallest N. undulata; by the form being generally more slender; and by the shape of head and proportions of the notocephalon. At times, one meets an individual with black fasciae somewhat resembling A', undulata, but the black is less bright and the markings less clean 156 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. cut. The general characters given will serve to separate it in all cases of doubt. There are in my collection some specimens in which the hemelytrre are stained a peculiar brownish black from the water, to a greater or less degree. In the national museum collection, there is a remarkably small specimen from southern California. It approaches in form and size N. iindulata, var. virescens, from which, however, it can be readily separated by the notocephalic structure. It is only 8 mm. long and 2.8 ram. wide. Prof. Uhler, according to his letters to Mr. Kirkaldy, is of the opinion that this species, N. uudulata Say, and N. indica L. are mere varieties. But on the other hand, I have in my collection long series of both N. undulata and N. variabilis taken in this locality, and have never met with an intermediate form among them. On the contrary, I have found them always very constant to type. Then again, where- ever tV. undulata was found abundantly, N. variabilis was absent; and where I found large numbers of N. variabilis, I have taken not more than three or four N. uudulata altogether. In my opinion, Notonecta variabilis Fieber is a good species, entirely distinct from Notonccta undulata Say. The life-history of this water-bug, in common with all others of the family, is unknown. Breeding experiments have given me the ovum, which is very similar to that of N. undulata, except that it is naturally smaller, and perhaps a little more slender in proportion. I can also hazard a guess as to the number of stages, from field material and give approximately the period of embryonal development. Ovi- position begins early in the spring, and continues thereafter, how late, I am unable to say. The ovum is deposited in a similar manner to that of iV. uudulata, mentioned previously, and the period of incuba- tion is some 22 days on an average ; this varies according to the con- ditions and temperature. Females in my aquaria have deposited some 30 ova each, but this cannot be an exact figure. The bugs arrive at maturity in the late July or early August, as shown by captures of recently transformed individuals. From nymphs taken at the same place on same date, it would appear that there are five nymphal instars, or perhaps, six. The adults pass the winter concealed in the mud at the bottom of the pools they frequent, emerge in the spring as soon as the ice is melted, and immediately begin to breed. Sept,i935-] BuENO : NoTONECTA OF North America. 157 5. Notonecta uhleri Kirkaldy. Notoiiecta uhleri. 1S97. Kirk., Ann. Mag. N. II. (6), XX, p. 58.* 1897. Kirk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 415. 1902. Bueno, Jour. N. Y. Knt. Soc, vol. X, pp. 231 and 235. 1904. Kirk., NVien. Ent. Zeit. , p. 132. 1905. Bueno, Jour. N. V. Ent. Soc, vol. XIII, p. 46. Descriptioit. — " Head : notocephalon in the form of an inverted wine-decanter, margins greatly curved, widely diverging toward the vertex, which is si.K to eight times wider than the synthlipsis, at which point, the eyes are almost contiguous ; breadth of the eye about ten times as great as that of the synthlipsis. Pronotum : humeral angles acute, accentuated, lateral margins sinuate, humeral margins little separate from the posterior margin.. Metanotum dark purple-brown. Hemielytra varying from dark brick-red to rich orange-yellow ; a large irregular black blotch at the base of the corium extending transversely and nonacuminately from the apex of the clavus to the golden-yellow exocorial lateral submargin ; membrane dark red- brown, apically black — this tint encroaching more or less basally. Alar nervures brown. Pedes : cox?e blackish ; intermediate tibial spur blunt, subcylindrical. Ab- dominis dorsum : lirst and second segments rufotestaceous, deeper marginally, the remainder flavotestaceous, lurid marginally; this latter tint encroaching more and more apically. Abdominis venter rufotestaceous, densely provided with greenish black cilia." (Kirk., Rev., p. 415-) Distribution. — Massachusetts (Uhler, Montandon and British Museum), New Orleans (Paris Museum), Florida (Uhler). My collection : Van Cortlandt Pk., New York (also colls. U. S. N. M., Davis and Heidemann) ; Putnam Co., N. Y.; Wash- ington, D. C. (also coll. Heidemann) ; Palisades, N. J. " La.," U. S. N. M. iVofoiiecfa iililcri was first described by Kirkaldy in 1897 (1. c. ), from a male in the Uhler collection. It is a very rare bug, but so characteristic that its late description is reriiarkable. I have found records of only twenty-five specimens of this insect in collections, of which the type and one other are in Prof. Uhler's collection, a cotype in Mr. Kirkaldy's, two specimens in Mr. Otto Heidemann's, three in the U. S. National Museum, two in the British Museum, one in the Paris, another specimen in the collection of Mr. W. T Davis, and the remaining thirteen in mine. This waterbug is very noticeable on account of its bright color and peculiar notocephalic structure. It is impossible to mistake it for any other, although it approaches A', va/iai^i/is somewhat in size and gene- ral contour. I have touched on its habits previously, and nothing is known of its life-history or develoi)inent. i have, however, gotten ova from a female taken in this vicinity, and they are imdistinguish- able from those of ^\'. varia/u' is. 158 Journal New York Entomological Society. lvoI.xiu. 6. Notonecta mexicana Amyot & Serville. N^otonecta niexiiana. 1843. A. & S., Hist. Nat. Ins., Ilem., p. 453, pL 8, fig. 7. 1853. IleiT. ->cli., Wanz. Ins., IX, p. 43, \t\. 294, fig. 903. 1884. Uhl., Sland. N. II., p. 252. 1886. Uhl., Ch. List, p. 28. 1894. Uhl., Proc. Cal. Acad. .Sci., ser. 2, vol. lY, p. 292. 1895. Gillette & Baker, Bull. 31, Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta., Tech. Ser. I, p. 63. 1897. Kirk., Tr. Ent. See. Lend., p. 401. 1901. Champ., Biol. C.-A., Rhynch. II, p. 36S, Tab. 22, figs. 6, (ya-il. 1904. Kirk., Wien. Ent. Zeit., p. 94 and 132. N. klugii. 1851. Fieb., Abh. Bohm. Ges. Wiss. (5), VH, p. 474. Description. — " Head narrow at base, parallel for a .shrcss(i. 1851. Fieb., Al)h. ISohm. Ges. Wiss., (5), vol. VII, p. 475. 1886. Uhl., Ch. List, p. 28. yV. fiigosa. 1851. Fieb., 1. c, p. 476. ^y. fabricii. 189I. Towns., Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. II, p. 56 (nee Fieb.).* Description. — "Head; notocephalic lateral margins fairly straight and nearly par.illel, very slightly constricted near the base; vertex little wider than synthlipsis, which is about one fourth less than the width of the base of the eye Lateral and humeral margins of the pronotum sinuate. Scutellum varying slightly in length, but occasionally reaching and usually nearly reaching the base of the metanotum, black (Fieber in N. rngosa records two varieties i^cordigera and basalis) with yellowish scutellum, but I have not seen them^. Hemielytra variable in pattern and color * -n- * AXx, basal nervures crimson, the others yellow-brown. Pedes : coxse black, intermediate tibial spur small, slender, not tipped with black. Abdominis dorsum : segment i black, 2-6 brilliant scarlet, 7-8 reddish-testaceous. Abdominis venter black, connexivum and central carina green." (Kirk., Rev., pp. 403-4.) Long., 12.6 to 15.5 mm., lat., 4.8 to 5-6 mm. Distribntioji. — My collection : Montreal, (Quebec; Bearfoot Mts., li. C; Dil- ley, Oregon ; Woods Holl, Mass.; Albany, Long Island, New York City and Staten Island, New York; Delair and Palisades, N. J.; San Luis Obispo, Claremont, Mt. Diablo, Santa Clara Co. and Pasadena, California; Humboldt Lake, Nevada (also in coll. Van Duzee); Ft. Collins, Colorado (also Van Duzee coll.); U. S. National Museum Collection: Hartford, Conn.; Indiana; Nebraska; Flagstaff, Arizona; Colorado ; Las Vegas, New Mexico ; W^arner Lake, Oregon ; Salt Lake, L'tah ; Palm Springs, Placer County, Santa Barbara and .San Diego, California. Collection Heidemann : Palo Alto, California ; Lakeside, S. D. Collection ()hio State Uni- versity : Maine; Pine Ridge, Nebraska; Peach Springs, Arizona. Black Hills, Dakota (.Am. Mus. N. H ); Orono, Maine, and Andover, Mass. (Flatch Exp. Sta.); Da Costa, N. J. (38); Buffalo, N. Y. (53); Denver, Colorado (13); Owens Valley, California (43); Milk River region, Moritana (44); Las Vegas Hot Springs, New. Mexico (52). I have also seen specimens from Mt. Katahdin, Maine. Kirkaldy recognizes five color varieties (omitted in the preceding copy of his description), but while such terms may at times be con- venient, it is as diffictilt in this species, as it is in N. iiiiditlata to draw a fixed line of demarkation to separate them. It ranges through vari- 16-i Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. ous degrees of fuscous, greenish -white and testaceous, all more or less marked with black, which color, however, is sometimes absent. Prof. I'hler at one time was of the opinion that the European A\ glauca L. was to be found in America, basing it on the light-colored unicolorous individuals that are at times to be found in the Eastern United States. Individuals from mountainous regions are in general somewhat stouter in form, with flattened heads and more strongly arched pronotum. I wish here to express my gratitude to the gentlemen who have in many ways most kindly helped me in this work : To Dr. L. O. Howard for the privilege of working over the U. S. National Museum material ; to Mr. George W. Kirkaldy for much encouragement and valuable assistance in many ways ; to Professor Herbert Osborn, Mr. Otto Heidemann, Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, Prof. H. T. Fernald, and many other gentlemen for gifts and loans of specimens. In conclusion, I may say that the deficiencies of this article are very evident to me. It had been planned on more extensive and minute lines, but the unfortunate difficulty in obtaining material from our Southern and Western States has put such work out of the ques- tion for the time being. Therefore, I determined to present to ob- servers such of my partial results as were in a more advanced stage, in order to arouse interest and make possible the completion at some later date of a genuine monograph of the entire family for the region I treat of here. For the same reason, I have reproduced in extenso Mr. Kirkaldy's descriptions, as they are so excellent that with them the work of identification of the species is much simplified ; and also, I wished to make them accessible to American workers. I trust that my work will be of help to all who avail themselves of it. BIBLIOGRAPHY. 1. C. J. B. Amyot and Audinet-Serviij.e. " Hemipteres " ('• Suites a Buffon, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes"), Paris, 1843. 2. Carlos Berg. " Hemiptera Argentina enumeravit species(|ue novas descrip- sit. Anales de la Socidad Cientifica Argentina, Vol. VIII, 1879. (Reprint Buenos Aires and Hamburg, 1S79). 3. Emile Blanchard. In Gay's " Historia de Chile, Zoologia," 1852. 4. J. R. DE LA TORRE BuENO. " Notonectidee of the Vicinity of New York," Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Vol. X, No. 4, 1902. 5. . "A Paliearctic Notonecta," Entomological News, Vol. XV, 1904. 6. . " A List of Certain Familiesof Hemiptera Occurring within Seventy Miles Sept., 1905.] BUENO : NOTONECTA OF NORTH AMERICA. 165 of New York." Jmunal of the New York Entomological Society, Vol. XII, No. 4, 1904, and\'ol. XIII, No. i, 1905. (Separates issued Dec. 22, 1904.) 7. G. C. Champion. " Rliynchola. Ilemiptera-Heteropteia. Vol. II." in " Biologia Centrali-Ameiicana, Insecta" 1897-1901. 8. J. II. CoMSTOCK. An Introduction to Entomology. 1888. 9. T- H. CoMSTOCK AND ANNA 15. CoMSTOCK. A Manual for tlie Study of Insects. 3d Ed. 1899. 10. E. DUDA. " Klub. prizrod. Praze." 1891.* 11. |. C. F.AHRlClis. " Systema Entomologi;e." 1775.* 12. Cakai.o Fr. F.'VLi.f.N. Hydrocorides et Naucorides Svecije. 1S14. 13. F. X. FiEiiER. Genera Ilydrocoridum secundum C)rdinem naturalem in Fa- milias disposita. Ex Actis Regise Bohemicse Societatis Scientiarum. 1851. 14. . Rhynchotographieen. Acten des konigl. bohm. Gesellschaft der Wissenschafien, V. band, 7, folge. 185 1. 15. — — . "Die europaischen Ilemiptera (Khynchota ileteroptera)." 1860- 1861. 16. G. Fi.oR. " Die Rhynchoten Eivlands." 1860-1861.* 17. H. Garm.\N. " .^ Preliminary Report on the Animals of the Mississippi River Bottoms," Art. IX, Vol. Ill, Bulletin Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. 1S89. 18. C. P. GiLl.KTTE and Carl F. I>aker. "A Preliminary List of the Ilemiptera of Colorado," Bulletin No. 31. Technical Series No. i. Agricultural E.xperi- ment Station, Ft. Collins, Col. 1895. 19. TowNKND Glover. Report of the Entomologist, in Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1875. 20. . " Manuscript Notes from My Journal, or, Illustrations of Insects, Native and Foreign." Washington. 1876. 21. Gmelin. In Linne's " Systema Naturae," Ed. XIII. 1789.* 22. F. E. Gierin-Meneville. " Animaux Articules de I'lle de Cuba" in Ramon de la Sagra's " Mistoria fisica, politica y natural de la Isla de Cuba," Vol. VII. 1857.* 23. . Memoire sur trois especes d'Insectes Hemipteres du groupe des Punaises aqualiques dont les Oeufs servent a faire une sorte de Pain nomme Hautle au Mexique. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale Zoologique d' Acclimatation, vol. IV. 1S57. 24. G. A. W. IIerrich-Schaeffer. " Nomenclator Entomologicus." 1835.* 25. C. \V. IIahn and G. A. W. Herrich-Schaeffer. " Die wanzenartigen In- sekten." 1853 26. L. O. Howard. " The Insect Book." 1901. 27 Ali'HEUs Hyatt and J. M. Arms. "Insecta," No. VIII, Guides for Science Teaching. 1S90. 28. \V. KiKBY. " Fauna Boreali Americana, Insects. " 1S37. { Reprint in Cana- dian Entomologist, 1878).* 29. G. W. KiRKALDY. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6), XX. 1897.* 30- • "Revision of the Notonectidre, Part I." Transaction Entomological Society of London. 1897. 31. " Uber Notonectiden," Wiener Entomologischen Zeitung, XXIII, No. VI and VII. 1904. 166 Journal New York. Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. 32. L. Lethiekry. " Liste des Heinipteres Reciieillis a la (hiadeloiipe, la Martin- ique et St. Barthelemy," Annales dela Societe Entoinologique de Belgique, t. X.W^ 1 88 1. 33. CvRl. LiNN'E (Cardi.us Linn'.U's ). " Mantissa Plantarum." 1771. 34. Otto Lugger. " B igs Injurious to our Cultivated Plants," ]?ulletin No. 69, Entomological Division, University of Minnesota, Agricultural College Exper- iment Station. 1900. 35. O. F. MCiLl.ER. " Zoologia Dania; Prodromus." 1776.* 36. G. .\. ()i,t\'[ER. " Encyclopedic Methodique," section " Entomologie." * 1792-1830. 37. IIerberi" Osbor.v. "Remarks on the Ilemipterous Fauna of Ohio with a Preliminary Record of Species." "Contributions from the Department of Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State University, No. 2." 1900. 38. A. S. Packard. " Half Hours with Insects." 1874. 39. . " Guide to the Study of Insects." Sth Ed. 1883. 40. . " Entomology for Beginners." 3d Ed. rev. 1899. 41. A. PuToX. ".Synopsis des Hemipteres-Heteropteres de France. 30 Partie. Reduvides. Saldides, Hydrocorises." 1880. 42. JoH.v S.'VHLBKRC. " Synopsis Am]ihibicorisarum et Hydrocorisarum Fenniaj." Notiser ur Siillskapets pro Fauna et Flora Fenni;ie Forhandlingar. XIV. 1875. 43. Thomas Say. " Descriptions of New Species of Heteropterous Hemiptera of North .America. ' New Harmony, Indiana. March, 1S32 ? Complete Works of Thomas .Say. Edited by Le Conte, New York. 1859- 44. John B. Smith. " Insects of New Jersey — A List of the Species Occurring in New Jersey with Notes on those of Economic Importance." Printed as a Supplement to the 27th Annual Report of the .State Board of Agriculture. 1899. 45- H. E. Su.MMKRS. "The True Bui^s, or Heteroptera, of Tenne-see." Bull. Agr. Exp. Station, University of Tennessee, Vol. IV, No. 3. 1891. 46. C. II. Tyi.er ToWN'SEXD. In " Proceedings Entomological .Society of Wash- ington." Vol. II. Washington. 1891. 47. P. R. Uili.ER. " Report Upon the Collections of Hemiptera made in portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Colorado, New Mexico and .Arizona, during the years 1871, 1873 and 1874." Report U. S. Cjeographical and Geological Survey, \'ol. V, chap. 12. 1875. 48. •. In r.uUetin U. .S. Geological and Geographical Survey (2), Vol. V. 1S76.* 49. ■. ■' List of the Hemiptera of the Region West of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Ilayden Explorations of 1873." Bul- letin U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey, \^oI. i. 1876.'^^ 50. . Report upon the Insects Collected by P. R. L'hler during the explor- ation of 1875, including monographs of the families Cydnidie and Saldidre, and the Hemiptera collected by A. S. Packard, M.D." Bulletin U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey, Vol. HI, No. 2. 1877. 51. . "On the Hemiptera Collected by Dr. Elliott Coues, U. S. A., in Dakota and Montana during 1873 and 1874." Bulletin V. S. Geographical! and Geological Survey. Vol. IV. 1878. Sept.igos.i Proceedings of the Society. 167 52. — . "Notices of the Hemiptera lleteroptera in the Collection of the late T. W. Harris, M.D." Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. XIX, 1876-1878. 1878. 53. . " Hemiptera," in the Standard Natural History. 1885. 54. . "Check List of the Described Hemiptera Heteroptera of North Amer- ica." I'rookiyn Entomological Society. 1886. 55- ■ "On the Hemiptera- Heteroptera of the Island of Grenada, West Indies." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1894. 56. . " Hemiptera of Lower California." Proceedings California Academy of Sciences, 2d ser. , vol. IV, 1893-94. 1894. 57. . "List of Hemiptera Heteroptera of Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Me.xico, collected by Messrs. E. A Schwarz and Herbert S. Barber." Pro- ceedings U. S. National Museum, vol. XXVII. 1904. 58. Ei)\v.\Kn P. Van Duzk.e. A List of the Hemiptera of Buffalo and Vicinity. Bulletin Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, vol. V, no. 4. 1894. 59. C. M. Weed. "Studies in Pond Life," Bulletin Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Series. \'ol. I, Number L 1889. EXI'I ANATION OF PlATE VIL Fig. I. Notoiiecla indica Linne. Fig. 2. N'ltonetta undulala Say. Fig. 3. iVotoiicc/a variabilis Fieber. Fig. 4. Notonecta tihleri Kirkaldy. (Drawn from cotype. ) Pig. 5. Noloii'fcla inexiiana Amyot (!v: Serville var. ceres Kirkaldy. (Drawn from cotype. ) Fig. 6. Nolonecln irroiala Uhler. Fig. 7. Notonecta lutea Miiller. Fig. 8. iV,.tonecta shooterii Uhler. Fig. 9 Notonecta insulata Kirby. All enlarged three diameters. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTO- MOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Meeting of November 15, 1904 (continued from page 102). Mr. Davis read a letter from Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson, in which she stated that she had taken in pools of brackish water in southern Florida, an undetermined lAiniiobates, a specimen of which she sent for comparison with Livinobates lineata spoken of by Mr. Bueno. She also referred to her finding of Halobates 7vtdlersterfi on the beach at Lake Worth, Fla. She published a record of this in 1901 and no other record is known of their occurring on land, their usual habitat being far out at sea. She also sent specimens of Brentlms ancJwrago to show the great variations in size, remarking that she had taken it in numbers in its breeding places under the bark of gumbo-limbo [Bnrscrd giiiiimifera) but had also found it frequently on 16S Journal New York Entomologicai. Societv. (Voi. xiii. flowers in the sunshine. She referred to the capture of Cylns fortn'rariiis whose food jilant she was the tirst to discover several years ago. It breeds in the stems of an odd "morning glory" [Ipoi/iaa pes-carpra') wliich trails along the beaches of Southern Florida. She expressed her regrets at not being able to attend the meetings of the society. Meeting of Decemher 6, 1904. Held at the American Museum of XaUiral History. President C. H. Roberts in the chair with nine members present. On motion of Mr. Groth the society voted to dispense witli the regular order of business and proceed to the discussion of new business. Mr. Groth gave notice that he would like to have Inought bcfire the society at its next meeting a former tabled motion of his, that the [ounial t)e furnished free of cost to active members in good standing. Mr. Schaeffer exhibited a box of the rarer Clerida' and made some remarks on the species. Mr. Len^ and Mr. Davis also exhibited their collections of Cleridse. Mr. Joutel exhibited his collection of Saperda representing nearly all of the known species of the United States, Europe and Asia. He gave an account of the manner of working of most of the species and exhibited specimens of wood showing their characteristic borings. An exhibition of Cichidiln loiigilabris Say and its varieties was made by Mr. Harris, accompanied with remarks concerning the distribution of the species and the relation of the variety to the type. Special attention was called to a very full series of the form taken at Kaslo and its vicinity in British Columbia by Mr. Cockle. ZfJ/z-V/rt/^r/V proper was represented in part by long series from Mt. De.sert on the Maine Coast, Cape Breton, Province of Quebec and the .Adirondack region of New York State. Mr. Davis slated that a friend had recently sent him a specimen of C. lonvilalnis from Long Lake, in the Adirondack Mts., some forty miles west of where Mr. Harris took his specimens last summer on Jay Mt. Mr I-]ueno showed a specimen of Neifhrn styi^ica Say, from Mrs. SJosson's collection. He stated briefly that Prof. A. L. Montandon, of Bucarest, failed to recoo-nize this species in his revision of the subfamily Mononychinse, stating that this insect has not been recognized since Say's original description, the date of which is uncertain, but according to Prof. Uhler was in March, 1832. Prof. Montandon further .states that in view of Say's description it is evident that the insect does not belonf^ to the genus Mononyx, but more likely to Peltopterus Guerin. Mr. Bueno called attention to the fact that A'erlhra stygi,n certainly does not belong to the genus Moiiouvx as now restricted, approaching more closely to Peltopterus. In his opinion Say was ric'ht in erecting a new genus for its reception, of which the cliaracters are : absence of membrane in the hemielytra, wliicii are entirely coriaceous and soldered together by a straight suture. He showed for comparison specimens of Mononyx neptcforinis and M. fuscipes, from which the roughened upper surface of A^erthra is sufficient to separate it. He also showed a Mononyx from Biscayne Bay, Florida, belonging to Mr. Otto Heideinann, which would seem to be a new species. NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETV Organized June 29, 1892. — Incorporated June 7, 1893 The meetings of the Society are held on the first and tliird Tuesday of eacli month (except June, July, August and September) at 8 p. M., in the American Muskum of Natural History, 77th Street and Eighth Ave. Annual dues for Active Members, )S3.oo. Members of the Society will please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to the treasurer. Officers for the Year 1905. President, Q. \\. ROBERTS. ... 74 W. 1 19th Street, New York, FzV^-/>-«?(/^«/, CHaS. W. LENO 93 Reade Street, New York. Treasurer, NYM. T. DAVIS . . . . .46 -Stuyvesant Place New Brighto Stateii Island, N. Y. \.ec. ^" ^'''"'J'' I j^ Q BARBER 241 West 1 3S'h Street, New York. Cor. Secretary, j Lil!ra>iin,C SCliAEFFER, Mu^<:UIn, Eastern ParkAray, Brook'yn N. Y. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. E. B. SoUTHWicK, L. H. 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The above papers will be sent on receipt of price by CHAl^liES SCHAEFFER, Librarian New York Entomological Society, Brooklyn museum, Eastern Parkuiay, Vol. XIII. No. 4. JOU RN AL OF THE NEW YORK Entomological Society, Dcvote^ to jentomoloa^ in (Beneval. DECEMBER, 1905. Edited by Harrison G. DvxVK. Public at ion Committee. Harrison G. Dyar. Charles W. Leng. Charles Schaeffek. E. G. Love Piablished Quarterly by the Society. LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITY. 1905 [Entered April 21, 1904, at Lancaster, Pa., a^ second-class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894.] »H€ NEW E*A MINT. . UNCASTtR. * 1^^104. COiYTEIMTS. Class Hexapoda, Order COLEOPTERA. Affinities of the Oenus Tachycellus, with Descriptions of New Species. By H. C. I'ALl 169 Three New Sepcies of Statira. By C. Schakffer 179 Class Hexapoda, Order DIPTERA. The North American Species of Cuterebra. I!y M. II. Swknk 181 Illustrations of the Abdominal Appendages of Certain Mosquitoes. By H. G. 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Authors of each contribution to the Journal shall be entitled to 25 separates of such contribution without change of form. If a larger number be desired they will be supplied at cost, provided notice is sent to the Editor befo'e the page proof has been corrected. JOURNAL TOpId ]9oph ^Intomologirfll Horiptg. Vol. X III. DECEMBER, 1905. No. 4 Class I, HEXAPODA. Order II, COLEOPTERA. ON THE AFFINITIES OF THE GENUS TACHY- CELLUS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES FROM THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. By H. C. Fall, Pasadena, Cai,. The first reference to the genus Tachyccllus in our literature was made by LeConte in his "Notes on the Species of Agonoderus, Bradycellus and Steuolophns Inhaliiting America North of Mexico." ^- In this paper, which was prompted by one on North American Cara- bidai by Chaudoir, f LeConte declares himself not ready to follow the French author in referring certain of our species to Tacliycellus Moraw. , which species he retains as Group A of Bradycellus, as follows : dichrous Dej. badiipennis Hald. vulpeculus Say. atrimedius Say. autumnalis Say. nebul sus Lee. nigrinus Dej. tibialis Kirby. In his Genera of Carabidce (1881), Dr. Horn admits the validity of Tachycelliis for the species of the second column above, and trans- fers those of the first column to Harpalus. Two years later Horn gives in the Brooklyn Bulletin;}; a synoptic table of Tachycellus, in *Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, p. 373. t Revue et Mag. de Zoologie, 1868. + Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, VI, 1883, p. 51. 169 170 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. which the species stand precisely as now recorded in the Henshaw list, viz.: nigrinus Dej. nebulosus Hald. kirbyi Horn. badiipennis Hald. atrimedius Say. nitidus Lee. In this treatment of the genus, tibialis is made a synonym of nig>-iiiHS, nitidus (withdrawn from LeConte's Group B oi Bradycelliis^ is admitted, and kirbyi is new, the brief tabular characters serving for its description. The sole criterion offered by the " Classification " for the distinc- tion of Tacliyccllus from Bradycellus lies in the number of glabrous joints of the antennae, these being three in the former, and two only in the latter genus. This character is assumed to be constant, but inxestiga- tion shows that it is not strictly true of nigrinus, in which the third joint is clothed somewhat sparsely in its apical half with the same kind of pubescence as the following joints. The same condition exists in a second species — turbatus — to be described in the present paper. Another character of importance, mentioned by LeConte and Horn, is the presence of squamules on the lower surface of the middle tarsi in Tachycellus (except nitidus), and the absence of such squamules in Bradycellus (except linearis). The two exceptions named were each made the ty[)e of a distinct genus {Glycerins and Aineriuus) by Casey in 1884, both of which were shortly after repudiated by Horn. The characters used by Casey seem, it is true, of somewhat trifling moment, l)ut the elimination of these two aberrant forms at least pos- sessed the merit of leaving Bradycellus and Tachycellus more homo- geneous, and separable by one constant character. I have not seen Morawitz's description of Tachycellus, but from the remarks of subse- quent authors it seems clear that he based the genus chiefly upon the tarsal character above named, and laid little if any stress upon the number of glabrous joints of the antennae, which for aught I know he may not have mentioned at all. At all events they are not alluded to by Seidlitz in his Fauna Transylvanica, nor does Ganglbauer use the character in his more recent masterly treatment of the Kafer von Mitteleuropa. The latest European Catalogue — that of Heyden, Reitter and Weise — follows Seidlitz, who characterizes the genus thus : Tarsi above and eyes hairy ; mentuin toothed, scutellar stria rarely present ; presternum not margined in front, hind tarsi not grooved; male with a more densely punctured and pubescent spot on the abdomen, just back of the hind co.xce, and with the front tarsi furnished beneath with two rows of squamules. Dec, 1905. 1 Fall: Akkinitiks ok thk Genus Tachycf.llus. 171 As thus constituted the genus inchides cOi:;iiati/s Gyll — jjlaced as a Bradyccllus in our lists — and several allied forms, all of which Ganglbauer has properly transferred to Dichirotrichiis Duval on the basis of the presence of a seta in the hind angle of the prothorax, creating for them the subgenus Triclioccllus, typical DichirotricJius having the male front tarsi pilose rather than S(]uamulose beneath, and the upper surface of the body conspicuously pubescent and rather closely punctured throughout. The latter author regards Tachycellus as merely a subgenus of Bradycellus, separable by its squamose middle male tarsi, these being simple in the true Bradycellas ; a single small species {simi/is Dej.) is referred to it. What now is the bearing of this upon the disposition of our own species ? The interpretation of Seidlitz is totally different from that of either Le Conte or Horn, and would exclude all the species we now refer to the genus, substituting for them cognatus alone. The view of Ganglbauer is more nearly in accord with that of our own authors, and if we reverse in order of importance the antennal and tarsal characters, the desirability of which is indicated above from a study of our own species, the two become practically identical. The question as to whether the differences in the modification of the male tarsi are to be regarded as of generic orsubgeneric import is of course a matter of opinion ; Ganglbauer holds the latter view ; I am inclined to the former. Such characters are commonly held to be of rather more than ordinary importance, and are almost invariably associated with others which, if somewhat trivial in themselves, assume an added importance in conjunction with the former ; moreover, in the present case, clearness of exposition is certainly facilitated thereby. Let us pass briefly in review the species of Tachycellus as they now stand in the Henshaw list. It is first necessary to remove nebulosiis. An examination of the LeConte type during a recent visit to Cam- bridge shows it to be a typical Bradycellits, closely resembling and probably not distinct from nipestris. Nitidiis is a very aberrant form and cannot be retained in the genus, the only reason for so associating it being the nearly glabrous third joint of the antenn;^. It is more nearly related to Bradycelliis, but does not properly enter there and the proper course would seem to be to restore Casey's genus Glycerins for this and several allied forms to be herein described. The remaining species agree in possessing the fundamental tarsal characters of the genus, and all, with the exception of fiigrinus, have 172 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. the finer pubescence of the antennae beginning on the fourth joint. Badiipeiints, in its rounded jiosterior thoracic angles, departs some- what in facies from the other three. Regarding these four species together with two undescribed forms in my collection as exponents of the genus, the latter may be characterized as follows : Genus TACHYCELLUS Morawitz. Penultimate joint of labial palpi not longer than tlie terminal joint and hisetose in front ; front and middle tarsi of males with two rows of squamules beneath, the former moderately, the latter (except rarely) feebly or scarcely dilated, the fourth joint emarginate ; mentum toothed ; finer pubescence of the antennre commonly begin- ning on the fourth joint, more rarely at the middle of the third ; body throughout glabrous ; side margin of prothorax with a single seta before the middle ; elytra nor- mally striate and with a single dorsal puncture ; prosternum non-setose at tip ; abdomen without pubescent spot in the male. Table of Species. Antennce with three glabrous joints. Hind angles of thorax sharply defined and nearJy rectangular. Legs pale. Prothorax testaceous, with large piceous spot ; width at base not greater than the length atrimedius. Prothorax piceous, marginal bead alone paler ; width at base a little greater than its length kiibyi. Legs piceous, the tibiae paler at base conformis. Hind angles of thorax obtuse, rounded badiipennis. Antennae with two glabrous joints, the third pubescent in outer half, though less conspicuously so than the following joints. Hind angles of thorax rectangular, middle tarsi scarcely dilated in the $ . nigrinus. Hind angles of thorax obtuse, scarcely rounded ; middle tarsi of male nearly as widely dilated as the front tarsi turbatus. T. atrimedius Say, Trans. Am. Philos. See, H (1823), p. 39. " Length 7 mm. Black ; prothorax and elytra testaceous, the former with a large quadrate black spot, the latter with a dusky cloud divided by the suture ; body slender ; prothorax distinctly narrowed behind ; hind angles subrectangular, slightly prominent, not rounded ; basal impressions broad, punctured ; antennre with joints 1-3 testaceous, legs testaceous." (LeConte's description. ) Occurs from New England and Canada to Texas. Always easily recognizable by its coloration. T. kirbyi Horn, Hull. Brook. Ent. Soc. VI (1883), p. 51. Length 6 nun. lilackish, the elytra gradually becoming castaneous or piceo- castaneous toward the base and sides ; epipleurre, marginal bead of thorax, legs, and basal three joints of antenna paler. Prothorax moderately narrowed behind, the Dec, 1903.J Fall: Affinitiks of the Genus Tachycellus. 173 length rather less than the witlth at base ; basal impressions broad and moderately deep, thickly punctured. " Canada and Ohio." At once distinguishable by its stouter form and darker color from the more common atrimediiis, the only other species with sharply defined posterior thoracic angles occurring in the same region. T. conformis, new species. Length 6.5 mm. Black, shining, basal joint of antennae pale ; legs piceous, the tibice, especially at base, somewhat paler. Prothorax distinctly narrowed behind, slightly wider at base than long at the middle ; hind angles nearly right ; basal im- pressions broad, very finely and quite sparsely punctate ; elytra finely striate. Washington and California. Described from a single female specimen from Washington (State), sent me years ago as iiii^ri/iits. As compared with /ligi-iiu/s it is larger, the thorax more narrowed behind, basal impressions widely punctate (nearly or quite impunctate in nigrini/s), third joint of an- tennae glabrous, elytra more finely striate. The latter locality — California — is represented by several ex- amples taken by Dr. Fenyes at Pt. Reyes. There is also an example in the LeConte collection, the specimen being placed with nigriinis. T. badiipennis Hald., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I (18S3), p. 302. "Length 5-6 mm. Blackish ; bead of prothorax pale; elytra piceous or dark testaceous ; body more slender ; prothorax distinctly narrowed behind ; hind angles obtuse, rounded ; basal impressions well marked, sparsely punctured ; legs ferrugi- nous, thighs and tips of tibiae sometimes darker ; first joint of antenna." pale." (Le- Conte's description.) This species ranges from New England and Canada to Virginia and Kansas. T. nigrinus Dej., Spec. IV (1829), p. 39. "Length 5-5~6-5 "i^r Black, shining, not iridescent; pirothorax with hind angles rectangular ; basal impressions linear, strongly marked, smooth, or scarcely punctured ; anterior transverse impressions distinct, strongly angulated ; upper part of tibia; and first joint of antennae testaceous." ( LeConte' s description. ) Alaska, Lake Superior, New Mexico (Beulah), Northern Cali- fornia (McLond, Fenyes). The prothorax is less narrowed posteriorly than in any of our other species. T. turbatus, new species. Robust, feebly convex, piceous black with very faint greenish surface lustre, marginal bead of prothorax, legs, and antennre pale. Antennae a little less than half 174 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. the length of the body, rather more slender than in badiipetinis ; pubescence begin- ning at the middle of the third joint. Prothorax moderately transverse, widest before the middle ; sides arcuately converging to base which is slightly wider than the apex ; base angles obtuse, scarcely rounded ; median line fine and complete ; basal impressions broad with about eight minute punctures at the bottom of each im- pression. .Surface otherwise impunctate. Elytra two fifths wider than the pro- thorax and seven tenths as wide as long; striae fine, impunctate, intervals flat; apex rather strongly sinuate. Front and middle tarsi broadly dilated in the male, the fourth joint emarginate. Length 5.5 mm., width 2.5 mm. New Mexico. Described from two examples ((5^9) collected at Beulah (8,000 ft.), and Cloudcroft (9,000 ft.) by Cockerell and Knaiis respectively. As the genera are at present defined this species will prove a disturb- ing element wherever placed. The third joint of the antennae being pubescent in apical half would, strictly speaking, exclude it from TachxceUiis, but the same is true of nigrinus which has long occupied a place in the genus. Th'e middle tarsi are nearly as widely dilated as the front ones in the male of tiirbatus, but much less so in typical Tachycellus. Tiirbatus cannot, however, be included in Stenolophus because of the toothed mentum and non-bilobed fourth tarsal joint, nor can it be referred to Bradycelliis because of the squamose inter- mediate male tarsi. Of the species now referred to Tacliycelhis, tiirbatus most resembles badiipeniiis, though distinctly more robust. Genus GLYCERIUS Casey. This genus was established by Casey for the Acupalpus nitidus of Dejean, subsequently referred to Brady cellus by Mannerheim and LeConte, and to Tachycellus by Horn. The species represent a well marked type, differing conspicuously in facies and in combination of structural details from any of the genera with which it has been asso- ciated, and notwithstanding its rejection by Horn, the genus appears to me to be well founded. In Casey's short diagnosis much stress is laid upon the numerous marginal setge of the prothorax. The char- acter is indeed a remarkable one but it possesses absolutely no weight from a generic standpoint, there being only the normal single seta each side in each of the new species described below, all of which are certainly congeneric with nitidus. Briefly the principal characters of the genus are as follows : Mentum toothed ; front tarsi ( $ ) rather feebly dilated and biseriately squamu- lose, middle tarsi undilated and without squamules ; antenniis with three glabrous Dec, 1905] Fall: Affinities of the Genus Tachvcellus. 175 joints ; scutellum short and broad, only feebly entering the elytral disk ; upper sur- face glabrous, polished ; elytra with the sutuial stria alone impressed, the others feeble or completely effaced ; dorsal punctures wanting ; lower surface sparsely punctured and pubescent, tip of prosternum plurisetose, abdomen in the male with two small densely punctured and puljescent spots (sometimes confluent) on the second and third segments. Taiu-e of Species. Prothorax at sides plurisetose; size large (5-7 mm.) color usually entirely or in great part testaceous nitidus. Prothorax at sides unisetose, color piceous, usually more or less bronzed, rarely ob- scurely suffused with testaceous. Hind angles of prothorax rectangular or very nearly so, abdominal pubescent spots in the $ well separated ; size smaller (3.5-5 mm.) politus. Hind angles of prothorax obtuse, the prothorax more distinctly narrowed poste- riorly ; abdominal pubescent spots in the male confluent ; size small. Sides of prothorax slightly sinuate before the hind angles, the latter more sharply defined ; elytra three times as long as the prothorax. intermedius. Sides of prothorax scarcely visibly sinuate before the angles, which are less sharply defined ; elytra two and one half times as long as the prothorax. obtusus. G. nitidus Dej. This is our largest species and may always be recognized by the numerous marginal sette of the prothorax. These set^e are about seven in number and more closely placed in front; there is no seta in the hind angle. The color in California specimens is commonly entirely testaceous, but specimens are frecjuently seen having two elongate discal spots on the thorax, and a discal stripe on the elytra black. The black color is inclined to spread by diffusion, but I have never seen specimens from our territory with either thorax or elytra entirely dark. In a series of Mexican specimens before me the elytra are entirely black in some specimens while in others the entire upper surface is thus suffused. These are the obsoleiiis of Say. As observed by Bates in the Biologia, the form in the Mexican specimens seems a little more elongate than in those from California, but the difference is elusive and it is probable that Horn was correct in declaring them identical. The elytral striae except the sutural, which is always sharply impressed, are very variable. Commonly there are faint traces of one or more discal strife and occasionally these are all discernible ; in many specimens however they are completely effaced. The pubescent spots of the second and third segments are very small and separated by a distance rather greater than their own diameter. 176 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. The species ranges from British Columbia to Lower California and far into Mexico. G. politus, new species. Similar in form to nitidus but smaller, l^ody entirely black, highly polished above, usually with distinct greenish tinge ; rarely obscurely suffused with testaceous, especially toward the base of the elytra ; legs and base of antennae testaceous. Pro- thorax rather feebly narrowed posteriorly, the sides sinuate before the hind angles which are nearly right. Sides with a single marginal seta just before the apical third ; basal impressions rather broad and with a few punctures. Elytral strias except the sutural, faint or obliterated. Lower surface except the prosternal side pieces sparsely punctate, each puncture bearing a short hair; ventral surface finely but distinctly alutaceous, shining ; pubescent spots in the male distinctly separated. Length 3.5 to 5 mm. Oregon (The Dalles) to southern California. A rather common species which has hitherto been unaccountably confused with nitidus. It is evidently this species which Dr. Hamilton referred to as "the small form" in his Randoin Notes on Coleoptera (Ent. News, 1896, p. 291) where he says of Tachycelliis nitidus, " Scarcely a species in the whole range of Coleoptera exhibits greater diversity among the individuals in size and color, varying from .14 to .28 inch in length and from bronzed black to testaceous. According to Dr. Horn the small form which is the black one is usually the male, while the larger testaceous individuals are mostly females." It is needless to say that the statement quoted is entirely misleading. G. intermedius, new species. Black, highly polished, with distinct bronze or green bronze surface lustre ; base of antennae and legs pale. Prothorax more distinctly narrowed behind than in politus, sides slightly sinuate before the hind angles, which are plainly obtuse though sharply defined ; basal impressions with very few fine punctures. Otherwise nearly as \\\ politus. Length 4.2-4.5 mm. California. Described from three females, two of which (the types) were taken by me in the San Bernardino Mts., the third by Dr. Fenyes at Lake Tahoe. It is assumed in the table that the abdominal pubescent spots are as in obtitsiis. G. obtusus, new species. Differs from intermedins in its more obtuse hind angles of the prothorax, the side margins not or scarcely sinuate before them ; also in the relatively shorter elytra, as indicated in the table. The abdominal pubescent spots in the male are contiguous. Length 3.5-4 mm. Southern California (Pasadena, Azusa, Claremont). Our smallest species. Thus far it has been taken only in the valleys at elevations Dec, 1905.] Fall: Affinities of the Genlts Tachycellus. 177 of 1,000 feet more or less, while intermedins has occurred only at elevations of 5,000 to 7,000 feet in the Sierras. The Harpalinc genera of our fauna allied to Taehyeellus, viz., those which have the terminal joint of the labial pal[)us equal to or longer than the preceding, and the penultimate joint bisetose in front, may be tabulated as below. The claims of Trichoeellus, Glycerins and Amerimis to rank as distinct genera cannot be finally settled until a thorough study of the Harpali of both the Nearctic and Palearctic regions has been made. For the present their use will facilitate a , clearer expression of the mutual relations of our own species and this in itself is a sufficient reason for their acceptance pending the broader study. TAiii.E OF Genera. Penultimate joint of anterior and middle tarsi of male Ijiloljed, the middle tarsi dilated; prosternum plurisetose at tip; mentum not toothed Stenolophus. Penultimate joint of anterior and middle tarsi simply emarginate, middle tarsi not or feebly dilated in the male (except Tachycellus /urba/iis). Middle tarsi of $ biseriately squamulose Tachycellus. Middle tarsi of $ without, or with but few [Aiiieriiius) sciuamules beneath. Body beneath sparsely punctured and pubescent, prosternum plurisetose at tip, antennce with three glabrous joints, males with pubescent spot or spots at base of abdomen. Upper surface completely glabrous, sutural stria of the elytra alone impressed, the others feebly indicated or completely effaced ; dorsal punctures wanting ; thorax without seta in posterior angle. Glycerius. Upper surface with sparse fine pubesence ; elytra normally striate with the usual single dorsal puncture, hind angles with setigerous punc- ture Trichoeellus, Body beneath glabrous and imjmnctate (except the prothorax \n Anteiiniis). prosternum bisetose or non-setose at tip ; antennK with two glabrous joints, males without pubescent spot at base of abdomen. Mentum toothed, elytra with a single dorsal puncture, prosternum non- setose at tip. Middle tarsi of $ without trace of squamules beneath, tooth of mentum much shorter than the lateral lobes, elytra feebly sinu- ate at tip Bradycellus. Middle tarsi of $ with a few squamules beneath, tooth of men- tum as long as the lateral lobes, elytra strongly sinuato trun- cate at apex Amerinus. Mentum not toothed, elytra frequently with several dorsal [Hun^tures, posternum either bisetose or non-setose at tip Acupalpus. The number of setse at the tip of the prosternum is a somewhat useful character, being constant throughout each genus except Acu- 178 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. palpus, and entirely independent of sex ; there is also, as in numerous other Carabide genera, some variation in the number of anal setigerous punctures. These variations are indicated categorically below : Stenolophus. — Prosternum plurisetose at tip; anal setae variable. In the majority of species there are two each side in both sexes but in several species there is but one each side in the male. Tachycellus. — Prosternum plurisetose at tip ; anal setDs one each side in the male and two in the female, except turbafiis, in which there are two each side in both sexes. Glycerius. — Prosternum plurisetose at tip ; anal setae two each side in both sexes of nitidiis, but in all the other species there is one each side in the male and two in the female. Trichocellus. — Prosternum plurisetose ; anal setae one each side in the male and two in the female. Our only representative is the com- mon cognatiis, widely dispersed over the northern part of both con- tinents; there are several allied species in Europe. Bradycellus. — Prosternum without setae ; anal setae two each side in both sexes. Amerinus. — Prosternal and anal setce as in BradyceHiis e\ct\)t that the interior anal setce are not marginal. Our only species is Bradxcelliis linearis of EeConte. The species is a very peculiar one and besides the tabular characters differs from all our species of Bradycellus in its relatively small eyes and long mandibles, sculpture, wider marginal bead of prothorax, the upper surface of which is deeply sculptured and the lower surface sparsely rather coarsely punctate. Acupalpus. — Prosternum bisetose at tip in those species with several dorsal punctures on the elytra ; non-setose in those with a single dorsal puncture. Anal setae one each side in the male and two in the female. Dec, 1905 ] SCHAEFKER : NeW SpECIES OF StATIRA LaTREILLE. 179 THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS STATIRA LATREILLE. By Charles Schaeffer, Brooklyn, N. Y. Since Dr. Horn's synopsis of the family LagriidcB^ a few addi- tional species of the genus Stafira have been taken in Arizona and Texas. One of them, Statira robusta, I have seen in collections as opacicollis, and sinmlans may easily be taken for pluripunctata ; there- fore I thought it advisable to publish the descriptions of these species together with Dr. Horn's synoptic table, which I was obliged to change a little to intercalate the new species. Genus STATIRA Latreille. Tahle of Species. 1. Tibice sulcate on the outer edge 2 Tibiae rounded on the outer edge, not sulcate 4 2. Setigerous punctures of alternate elytral intervals numerous, tibia- sulcate nearly their entire length 3 Setigerous punctures few, mostly on the third interval, tibia: sulcate Ijelow apical half only subnitida. 3. Elytra subopaque, elytral strii^ deeply impressed, punctures of stria; as large as the punctures of the intervals pluripunctata. Elytra shining, striae moderately impressed, punctures of strire smaller than those of intervals simulans. 4. Elytra unicolorous, not ornamented with spots or fascia; 5 Elytra testaceous with median fascia and scutellar spot black 10 5. Setigerous punctures numerous on first, third, fifth and seventh elytral intervals, thorax opaque opacicollis . Setigerous punctures entirely absent from first interval 6 6. Thorax bright orange red 9 Thorax more or less piceous 7 7. Only the third and fifth elytral intervals with setigerous punctures 8 Third, fifth and seventh elytral intervals with from six to ten setigerous punc- tures, elytra piceous, prothorax shining, indistinctly punctate robusta. 8. Third and fifth elytral intervals with only a very few setigerous punctures ; thorax indistincly punctate ; color piceous, with faint metallic lustre. gagatina. * Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. xv, p. 28. 180 Journal Nkw York: Entomological Society. [Voi. xui. Third and fifth elytral intervals with from six to ten setigerous punctures, thorax more visibly but finely punctate, elytra with distinct metallic blue lustre. basalis. 9. Kiytra blue, legs pale yellow croceicoUis. Elytra piceous with slight metallic lustre, legs yellowish to piceous. resplendens. 10. Thorax orange, elytra reddish-testaceous with large scutellar spot, a fascia behind middle and suture more or less black pulchella. Statira simulans, new species. Reddish brown, elytra and abdomen piceous black, opaque, elytra shining. Antennre half as long as the body, last joint as long as the three preceding. Head and thorax scabrous, the latter as long as broad, with the sides arcuate, sinuate near base, causing the hind angles to appear very prominent, lateral margin rounded. Elytral stria; closely punctate, intervals slightly convex, the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth intervals with an irregular row of setigerous punctures, the latter generally larger than those of the stria;. Body beneath smooth and shining. Tibice on the outer edge sulcate from base to apex. Length 7-9 mm. ]5rovvnsville, Texas. Four specimens in the Museum of the Brooklyn Institute. This species is very similar to pliiripiiULtatiis but is a little more robust and always has the elytra shining, the setigerous punctures coarser, thorax shorter and broader and the antennal joints stouter. All the specimens examined seem to be females. There is no difference in the position of the eyes, the length of the last antennal joint or in the general form. Statira robusta, new species. Piceous brown, head and underside piceous black, shining. Head sparsely punctate. Thorax as long as broad, arcuate in front, sinuate near base, lateral line distinct, surface shining and very finely punctate. Elytral stride closely punctured, the third, fifth, seventh and ninth intervals with widely separated setigerous punctures. Body beneath smooth and shining. Tibix on the outer edge convex. Length li mm. One female specimen from (ilobe, Arizona, which I owe to the kindness of Mr. Chas. Palm. This species is larger and more robust than any of our known species ; superficially it resembles the female of opacicollis, but the more robust form, the shorter and shining thorax and the absence of setigerous punctures on the first elytral interval readily separates it from that species. Statira pulchella Mackl. 1 have taken a few specimens of this fine species by beating vine overgrown bushes in Brownsville, Texas. The color is orange yellow. Dec , 1905.] SWKNK : NOR'l'II AMERICAN SPECIES OF CUTEREBRA. 181 elytra slightly paler with a large scutellar spot, a transverse fascia slightly behind middle and wider at sides than at suture, black. The thorax is subopa.que and distinctly punctured and the usual setigerous punctures on the alternate elytral intervals are nearly absent ; the tibiae are convex on the outer edge. In the Brownsville specimens the suture between the submedian fascia and apex of elytra is narrowly black and from the scutellar spot to the submedian fascia slightly infuscate, while the Mexican specimens seem to have the suture more heavily black ; otherwise the specimens agree very well with the description. Class I, HEXAPODA. Order IV, DIPTERA. THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF CUTEREBRA. By Myron H. Swenk, Lincoln, Nebr. Recently, while working over the bot-flies in the collection of the University of Nebraska the writer found among them three species of the genus Cutercbra which appeared to be new. Descriptions of these are submitted below, and, in order to show their relationship to our other species and to facilitate their identification, the following table to all the species which have been described from the mainland of North America has been prepared. Thorax above with the pubescence yellow ( i ). Thorax above black, or with black pubescence (5). I. Scutellum with black pubescence (Wash.) SCUtellaris IJrauer. - '■'-'■ I. Scutellum with yellow pubescence (2). 2. A large bare black space on the anterior disc (Ga., Mass.) cuniculi Clark. ^_- 2. No such bare space on thorax above (3). 3. Last segment silvery, with yellow pubescence (Mexico) analis Macquart. 3. Last segment dark, with short black pubescence (4). 4. Abdomen blue-black (Ga., N. Y., Minn., Nova Scotia) horripilum ('lark. - 4. Abdomen reddish brown (Nebr. ) abdominalis Swenk. 5. Pleura mostly yellow or white (6). 5. Pleura wholly black (15). 182 Journal Nkw York Entomological Society. [VoLxiii. 6. Abdomen more or less pollinose or pale pubescent (7). 6. Abdomen entirely destitute of pollen or pale pubescence (14). 7. Pleura with a cluster of black hairs above center (8). 7. Pleura without a cluster of black hairs above the center, though sometimes with bare black spots (12). S. Face and cheeks densely gray pollinose, each side of face marked with four pol- ished streaks (Mexico) histrio Coquillet. 8. Face white pollinose with a black spot on lower margin of eye and another midway between it and the mouth (9). S. Face not marked as above (11). 9. Front above antenna on each side with three silvery pollinose spots arranged in a triangle, the two outer ones contiguous to the orljit (Fla. , So. Car., Pa., Ky., N. J., Mass., Minn., Nova Scotia) buccata (Fabricius). 9. Front above antennte with the two lower spots coalesced into a transverse line extending from the orbit almost to base of antennre (lo). 10. Second abdominal segment with a basal tuft of white hairs on each side (Wyo. ) albifrons Swenk. 10. Second abdominal segment without such a tuft (N. M. ) lepusculi Townsend II. Abdomen with three basal segments partly brown pollinose laterally, leaving bare spots, elsewhere steel-blue (Col., Wyo.,N. M. )..lepivora Coquillet. II. Abdomen with the fourth segment pollinose laterally (Ca., Ariz., N. M., Mexico) americana (Fabricius). 12. Abdomen reddish brown, three last segments partly pollinose, with exposed spots (Cal.) latifrons Coquillet. 12. Abdomen shining blue-black, only two last segments ever pollinose (13). 13. Two last segments pollinose, with distinct bare spots (111., N. Y., Nova Scotia, Mexico) {:^ emascidator Fitch) lontinella Clark. 13. Penultimate segment with basal half whitish pubescent and with a few bare spots ( Minn . ) sterilator Lugger. 13. Penultimate segment, except apical margin, uniformly white pollinose and with long white hairs and no exposed spots, elsewhere entirely steel-blue (Nebr. ) fasciata Swenk. 14. Pleura with a cluster of black hairs above the center (Cal., N. M. ) nitida Coquillet. 14. Pleura without a cluster of black hairs above the center (Wyo. ) polita Coquillet. 15. Abdomen entirely destitute of pollen (Cal., Ore., Col., Wyo., S. D. ) tenebrosa Coquillet. 15. Abdomen with the sides of the three basal segments white pollinose (16). i6. Last abdominal segment more or less pollinose (Mexico) ( ^ /ei-risoua Walker) atrox Clark. 16. Last abdominal segment entirely steel-blue, not pollinose (N. ISL ) /' /J similis Johnson. Cuterebra abdominalis, new species. - Clx<-'^'- c^^^ CJj.~ 9 . Very close to C. horripilmn. Head dull black, tinged with brown about ocelli and on a large triangular elevated space on each side, clothed with short black hairs which are much shorter and fewer on the brownish areas. A brownish pollinose Dec , 1905.] SWENK : NOKTH AMERICAN SpECIES OF CUTEREBRA. 1S3 spot is just above the center of each anterior eye margin and contiguous to it. \'ertex at narrowest point five times as wide as distance between the posterior ocelli. Facial depression shining black, its extreme basal depth slightly silvery pollinose. Antennas deep brown, the arista and its hairs black except at extreme apex. Below the facial depression and covering the area between the mouth and lower eye margins is a yellowish pollinosity, relieved by a black spot contiguous to the lower apex of each orbit, another much larger one between this spot and the mouth, and a black line which runs along each margin of the oral slit, widening to a spot posteriorly and con- necting with the facial groove anteriorly. The area about the mouth is provided with long yellow hairs, especially posteriorly. Thorax entirely covered with a long, very dense, brownish-yellow pubescence, longer in a tuft above the wings. Pleura similarly pubescent except for a large space above anterior coxje which is merely yellowish pollinose with a large, exposed and bare, black spot. Wings brownish. Legs black, with short concolorous pubescence, the femora more or less white pollinose at base exteriorly. Abdomen reddish-brown, shaped as in horripilum, the two basal segments clothed dorsally with long brownish- yellow pubescence, denser laterally ; elsewhere the pubescence is minute and black. All the segments (only slightly on the second) laterally and below with yellowish pollen relieved by numerous small exposed spots of the ground color. Length, 23 mm. Width of head at vertex, 9 mm. Type: Oue female, Lincoln, Nebraska, June. (R. H. AVolcott.) Collection University of Nebraska. In addition to the strikingly different coloration of the abdomen, the species differs from C. hoi-ripihim in the face marks as described and figured by Brauer, having but one orbital pollinose spot above, less silvery pollen in facial depression, a distinct black spot contiguous to lower margin of eye, etc. , . 4- ( Cuterebra albifrons, new species. -'-v>_-ivi-^ ^ 9 . Head dull bluish-black on vertex and upper portion of front, except for a brownish Y-shaped elevation surrounding ocelli and extending down the vertex, cov- ered with short, scattered black hairs and a very minute and inconspicuous pale pu- bescence, the latter most noticeable just above the facial depression. Vertex at nar- rowest point five times as wide as distance between two posterior ocelli. On a level with the upper edge of the facial depression, and extending from the eye margins nearly to it are two transverse white pollinose bands, broadest at the orbits and extend- ing in uniform width inward for one half their length, then by an abrupt incurving of the upper edge becoming a mere line and again abruptly widening into a subtriangular terminal knob. A short distance above these bands on each side is a small pollinose spot contiguous to the eye. On each side of the facial depression is a gourd-shaped black spot the neck of which connects narrowly with the black of the U])per face, otherwise it is completely surrounded by a dense white pollinosity which covers almost the entire lower half of the face. The depression itself is white pollinose, without pubescence, and has a lanceolate black spot on each side of the lower margin. At the lower margin of the eye and contiguous to it is a black spot and between it and the 184: Journal Nf.w York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. mouth is another slightly larger one. The pollinosity of the lower face extends behind the eyes to the vertex and is supplemented with a short white pubescence, for the most part thin but becoming long and dense around the margins of the cheeks and about the mouth, extending also upward from the mouth along the raised line to the facial depression. Antennae with first two joints dark brown, the arista and its hairs blackish except on apical one third, which is pale. Thorax above dark leaden bluish, without lustre, covered with a very short, thin, black pubescence, this becoming much longer and denser on the scutellum, which is fringed posteriorly with a short but very dense yellowish white fringe. Pleura and under surface of thorax with long, very dense, yellowish white pubescence, extend- ing in a narrow fringe of short dense hair over the wings and along the margins of the thorax. A small tuft of black hairs is just above the center of the pleura, and two adjacent large bare spots are about midway between it and the anterior coxae, on a pollinose spot bare of pubescence. Two similar spots are just above the interme- diate coxre, and on a similar pollinose spot. Just above the insertion of the poste- rior legs is a tuft of long black hair. Wings brownish hyaline. Abdomen shining steel-blue, the basal segment bare, the second segment with a conspicuous tuft of white hair in each side near base, otherwise devoid of pubes- cence but with a white pollinose space on extreme sides, which is dotted with two or three small exposed dark spots. Following segments steel-blue dorsally but with lat- teral margins, especially at base, and entire under surface white pollinose, varied with numerous large, round, exposed steel-blue spots and a thin short black pubescence. Legs black, the femora brownish, with short black pubescence, the bases of the femora, especially on intermediate and posterior legs, whitish pollinose ; on the pos- terior legs the femora have the basal half so, as well as the under surface of the tibiae and the upper surface of the apical tarsal joints. Length, 19 mm. Width of head at vertex, 8.5 mm. Type: One female specimen, Hecla, Wyoming (S. G. Clason). Collection University of Nebraska. This species is closely allied to both C. biiccata and C. Icpusculi, but apparently differs from either by possessing the pale hair ttifts on the second abdominal segment. The face marks, especially the supe- rior pollinose spots, seem also to differ from either. Cuterebra fasciata, new species. $ . Head black, slightly shiny, provided with very short, black hairs. A small triangular white pollinose spot is contiguous to the orbits on each side at upper level of facial depression, and another minute spot between it and the upper extremity of the depression, while still another is located contiguous to the anterior lower margin of each orbit. The extreme lower margin of the head between the eyes is white pollinose, but this is almost concealed by a long, very dense, white pubescence which forms a thick fringe, narrow laterally but widening medially to surround the mouth. The basins of the facial depression are pale silvery pollinose. Antennae black, the apical two thirds of the arista and its hairs pale. Vertex at narrowest point three times the distance bet weed two posterior ocelli. Dec , 1905.] DvAR : Abdominal Appemdages of Mosquitoes. 185 Thorax above shining hlue-l)lack, clothed witli short bhick hair, a line over the wings connecting with pleura and the pleura themselves covered with long, dense, matted, yellowish white pubescence, not varied with black spots. A dense black fringe around border of scutellum. Wings brownish hyaline. Legs black, shining, clothed with short black pubescence, not pollinose. Abdomen shining steel-blue, clothed with minute black hairs, not pollinose or pale pubescent except on penulti- mate segment which is, excepting the apical margin, uniformly white pollinose and clothed with long white hairs without exposed black spots. This white band ex- tends over the entire segment and is very conspicuous and contrasting. Length, 16 mm. Width of head at vertex, 7 mm. Type : One male, Lodgepole, Cheyenne county, Nebraska, July. Collection University of Nebraska. A very distict species belonging to \\\q. fontinclla group. Cuterebra tenebrosa Coquillet. The University collection contains a female from Hecla, Wyom- ing (S. G. Clason) and two males from Sheridan, Wyoming, taken August, 1900, which are referred to this species. They agree with Coquillet's description except in the face marks, for none of these specimens have any pollinose marks whatever on the face. This character, however, as the description intimates, is probably more or less variable in this species. Actual comparison with tenebrosa might show specific differences. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL APPEN- DAGES OF CERTAIN MOSQUITOES. By Harrison G. Dvar, A.M., Ph.D., Washington, D. C. (Plate VIII.) Grabhamia mitchellae Dyar. (Plate VUI, Fig. i.) Side piece elongate, outer lobe undeveloped, inner lobe small, setose ; clasp moderately swollen centrally though not greatly inflated, with long terminal spine. Har])e jointed, basal part rather straight, uniform, apical filament long, as long as the basal part, uniform, scarcely tapered. Harpago smooth, curved, concave, the tip narrow and bent. Unci invisible. Appendage of the eighth segment srnall, setose. 186 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Grabhamia punctor Kirby. (Plate VIII, Fig. 2.) Side piece elongate, terminal hairs very stout ; outer lobe distinct, running basally to join the inner lobe, moderately setose ; inner lobe well developed, expanded, setose ; clasp filamentous with long terminal spine. Harpe jointed, basal part curved, uniform, outer filament broad, curved, not long, slightly recurved at tip. Harpago curved, concave, the tip narrow and bent. Unci invisible. Appendage of eighth segment short, broad, setose. Grabhamia abfitchii Felt. (Plate VIII, Fig. 3. ) Side piece elongate, with stout hairs at apex ; outer lobe present, short, prominent, setose; inner lobe well developed, long, running up to the outer lobe, setose throughout ; clasp filamentous with long terminal spine. Harpe jointed, uniform, the basal part curved, fila- ment straight, ecjual in length to the basal part. Harpago smooth, elongate, curved, concave, the tip narrowed and bent. Unci invisible. Appendage of the eighth segment narrow, long, with few setae. Grabhamia fitchii Felt & Young. ( Plate VIII, Fig. 4. ) Side piece elongate, with stout hairs at ai)ex ; outer lobe present, short, prominent, setose ; inner lobe prominent, short, sharply conic, very densely haired ; clasp filamentous with long terminal spine. Harpe jointed, basal part straight, uniform, apical filament short, broad, with a notch at base with a slight ])rominence above it, the tip curved over. Harpago curved, concave, prominent, the tip narrow and curved. Unci invisible. Appendage of eighth segment distinct, broad, with many sette. Culicelsa confirmatus Arrib. (Plate VIII, Fig. 5.) Side ])iece elongate, narrowed outwardly ; outer lobe present, elongate, smooth, an area at its base bearing numerous dense long hairs ; inner lobe small, setose, a broad stout spine arising near it which is bent at base and recurved at tip ; clasp filamentous with long terminal spine. Harpe jointed, the basal part long, even, the apical filament long, expanded, with a sharp retrorse branch near tip. Harpago elongate, conical, the tip tapered and bent. Unci invisible. Appendage of the eighth segment broad, setose. Anopheles crucians Wied. (Plate VIII, Fig. 6.) Side piece conic, stout, a lobe within near base bearing two stout setae ; a second lobe within the first, conic, with triple stout apical setae and two smaller ones on the basal slope. Clasp stout, long and broad, narrowed centrally, with a small terminal spine. Dec, 1905 1 DvAR : Abdominal Appendages of Mosquitoes. 187 The species now known to be referable to Grahliainia may be separated on the following genitalic characters : Synopsis of Species of Gkabhamia. Side piece witliout an outer lobe. Side piece without an inner lobe, a long row of cilia in its place triseriatus. Side piece with a rounded, prominent inner lobe. Inner lobe with long hairs surpassing the harpe. Filament of harpe as long as basal part varipalpus. Filament of harpe much shorter than basal part atropalpus. Inner lobe with short hairs, not reaching the harpe. Clasp filament hardly inflated sollicitans. Clasp filament distinctly inflated mitchellas. Side piece with the outer lobe developed. Inner lobe of side piece with a long, stout spine. T, , /■ , • 1 ( cantans.* Basal part ol hariie smiiile \ , ^ ^ ^ ' ( cantator. Basal part of harpe with an angle or projection bearing a seta. Inner lobe with two stout spines besides the basal one impiger. I nner lobe without such spines pullatus. Inner lobe of side piece without spines, setose only. Outer lobe projecting, separate, the side piece subconical. Filament of harpe about half as long as basal part. Filament slender, pointed canadensis. Filament broad, spathulate pretans. Filament of harpe as long as the basal part. Harpago broad, plate-like dupreei. Harpago concave with acuminate bent tip. Outer lobe projecting laterally squamiger. Outer lobe projecting apically curriei. Outer lobe continued along side piece to base, making the side piece broad and subquadrate. Inner lobe normal, small, subprominent, with short hairs moderately dense Basal part of harpe very long, nearly equalling the side piece in length trichurus. Basal part of harpe less long, but still equalling half of the side piece lazarensis . Basal past of the harpe not equalling half of the side piece. Filament of harpe broad, spathulate punctor. cestivalis.f . trivittatus. Inner lobe not so formed. Filament of harpe narrow, slender \ * The genitalia of cantons and cantator are alike. fl have only Professor Smith's small figure of the genitalia of trivittatus and am unable to distingu'sh tcstivalis therefrom. 188 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Filament of harpe slender, uniform abfitchii. Filament of harpe broad, with a notch at base fitchii. Synopsis of Species of Culiselsa. Three species are now known to be referable to this genus. They separate as follows on genitalic characters. Inner lobe of side piece broad and angled, but without a spine tasniorhynchus. Inner lobe of side piece small, rounded, with a stout spine with hooked lip. Side piece broad without inconspicuus. Side piece narrowed without.. confirmatus. The student will find a synopsis of genera of Culicidre, based on genitalic charactejs in the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, vol. vii, pp. 42-49, 1905. Class I, Hexapoda. Order V, LEPIDOPTERA. NEW SPECIES OF NOCTUID^E FOR 1905, NO. 3. By John B. Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J. Bryophila viridimedia, new species. Head black, verte.\ snow white. Thorax deep wine brown, the tip of the collar a narrow dorsal line and the posterior tuft white. Primaries with basal space deep wine brown ; this shade being limited by the t. a. line which crosses the cell squarely, one third from base, runs back along the median vein and crosses the submedian in- terspace one fourth from base, and again extends outwardly along vein i, crossing to the outer margin one third from base, through the green of the median space which e.xtends below vein l nearly to the base of the wing ; forming a square black spot on the inner margin. The median space is bright, mossy green, crossed centrally by a deeper green median shade. The orbicular spot is round, broadly white-ringed and edged by a few black scales. The reniform is centrally constricted, hour-glass shape, broadly white-ringed, edged with blackish scales. Beyond the reniform a subquadrate black spot fills the space between it and the t. p. line. The t. p. line is composed of black lunules, followed by a narrow white line, its course as a whole an even outcurve. There is no obvious s. t. line, yet there is a shading that indicates a division of terminal and subterminal spaces. On the costa is an oblong deep brown patch extending from t. p. line to the point of the s. t. line, leaving the apex pale with a greenish overlay ; below that is a violaceous shading which, on the inner margin forms a violet brown blotch just before the anal angle. Along the outer margin is a bronze Dec. 1905.] Smith: New Species of Noctuid/e for 1905. 189 brown shading which extends inward at the middle and thus completes a mottling of the outer fourth of the wing. The fringes are solid deep brown. Secondaries soiled whitish, smoky outwardly. Beneath : primaries smoky, paler along costa where the inceptions of the lines of the upper surface are marked in blackish ; apex pale ; sec- ondaries whitish, powdery along the costa, smoky at apex, with a narrow smoky extra-median line and a small discal lunule. Expands : 1.20 inches = 30 mni. Habitat. — Cochise county, Arizona, June 24. One male in very good condition from Mr. George Franck. A very beautiful species and a distinct acquisition to our fauna. It may be that when a revision of this group is made that this species will not be placed in the typical genus. Genus ACRONYCTA Ochsenheimer. Since the publication of the Revision of this genus by Dr. Dyar and myself, considerable material has come to hand which has some- what modified my opinion as to the standing of certain forms. Dr. William Barnes also was good enough to send me a large series for further comparison, which proves the distinctness of forms previously considered identical. Acronycta obscura Hy. Edwards. I have referred this as a synonym of americana but believe now that it is probably a good species. The material is scanty and, except for the fact that the range of variation is not so great as I concluded on a previous study, would not authorize changing the present status of the name. I have only a single example inyself and know of no others except the types. Acronycta denvera, new variety. Closely allied to and probably a variety of dactyliiia. It differs in the more even, less powdery and somewhat creamy-tinted primaries which are really more nearly like those of hastnllfera. The secon- daries, however, are pale in both sexes and not much more powdered in the male than in the female. All the specimens, 2 males and 4 females, are from Denver, Colorado, and dated July, where they have any date at all. There is no difficulty whatever in separating the two forms where they are comparable in sufficient numbers. Acronycta eldora, new species. Belongs to the (xmericana group and is a close ally of the typical species. The median lines are well defined, geminate, powdery, black rather than brown, the t. a. 190 Journal New York Entoomlogical Society. [Voi. xiii. line tending to become obscure. There is no basal streak, but the dagger mark is dis- tinct in every sjiecimen ; usually it extends outwardly from the inner portion of the t. ]■). line ; but it may be extended a little inwardly as well. 'I'lie ordinary spots are of good size but tend to an irregularity in form, the orbicular becoming elongate to the e.\tent of fusing with the reniform. The ground color of primaries is whitish gray, powdered with black scales so as to give an impression of thin scale covering, less marked in the female than in the male. -Secondaries in the male are whitish with a diHuse extra-median dusky line ; in the female with a fuscous or yellowish tinge. JCxpands : 2.00-2.40 inches^ 50-60 mm. Habitat: Denver, Colorado, in July; Glenwood Springs, Colo- rado, July and August. Eight examples in good condition and evenly divided as to sex. One pair is from Denver and were received years ago, probably from Mr. Bruce ; the others are from Dr. Barnes. In 1898, with only one pair at hand, I believed this to be a local variation ; comparing the specimens in Dr. Barnes' collection last spring he declared his belief that they were specifically distinct; a belief which I now share after closer comparison with additional material. Acronycta similana, new species. Ground color a blackish powdery gray, like a dense black powdering over a whitish base. ( )rbits of the eye and base of antennoe white, head and disc of thorax otherwise the darkest portions of the insect. Primaries with a slender black basal streak, forking at the t. a. line which is indicated at the costa and on the inner mar- gin. T. p. line continuous, lunulate in part, blackLsh, preceded by white shadings. Preceding the line in the submedian interspace is a more diffuse dark shading, through which a slender black streak crosses tlie t. ]i. line, forming a dagger mark. Fringes- whitish, narrowly cut with blackish. Oibicular obscure, narrowly blackish ringed. Reniform a blackish blotch. Secondaries white with blackish sparse powderings,. veins narrowly fuscous. Beneath, whitish with black powderings, each wing with a vague exterior line and a blackish discal si)ot. J'^xpands : 1.75 inches = 44 mm. Habitat. — Chicago, 111., June 15, Mr. A. Kwiat. At first sight suggests a suffused /('y^///// but the line of variation does not rim that way in Acronycta, and though there is only one good male before me, Mr. Kwiat informs me that several others ha\e been taken. I therefore prefer to consider this a good species at present. Acronycta sperata, race speratina, new. A series of 10 males and 2 females from Colorado shows some interesting differences from the type, albeit none departs for a consid- Dec, T905.1 Smith : New Spkciks of Noctuid.i^ for 1905. 11)1 able ciistance beyond what we would consider typical. \\'ith only a few examples at hand a new species is indicated : with a good series the existence of a very distinct form is obvious, and this I have called spcratiua. It is somewhat larger, more heavily built and, on the whole, paler, more ashen gray in color than the type : the maculation is more dif- fuse, less definite and altogether more obscure than is usual in eastern examples. Expanse as in the tyjje. Habitat. — Denver, Colorado, in July ; Dr. I'arnes. Acronycta cassarea, new species. Head, thorax and primaries ashen gray, powdery, tlie dusting smoky olivaceous with a slight bronze lustre, liase of antenna with while scales and a while line at base of collar. J'rimaries with the median space a little paler than the rest of the wing, the markings fairly distinct, but the impression on the whole is one of uni- formity. Basal line geminate, powdery, blackish, both portions equally defined. T. a. line geminate, black, the parts ecpially defined, included S])ace broad, very even and outwardly oblique. The veins through the basal S]:)ace are black marked and there is a little inward tooth from the middle of the I. a. line, but no basal streak or dash. T. p. line with a long outcurve over the cell and a well-marked incurve below ; geminate, the mwvc jiortion smoky, partly lunate, the outer chielly marked by the darker shade of the s. t. space, which, indeed, extends to the fringes. A vague s. t. line or shade is indicated by some irregular whitish blotches. Orjjicular round, whitish with a dusky center. Reniform of good size, broadly kidney-.shaped with a whitish spot and a central lunule. Secondaries uniform smoky, the veins a little darker; discal spot and shade of under side faintly visible. 15eneath, primaries very dark smoky, somewhat blotchy ; secondaries whitish, powdery along the costa, the veins blackish, a broken blackish outer band and a distinct discal spot. J'^xpands : .95 inches = 24 mm. Ilalutat. — Essex County Park, N. J., May 20. One good male from Mr. W. D. Kearfott. The species is smaller and narrower winged than rctardata, which it otherwise resembles in a general way. The very uniform ashen gray and the small ordinary spots will further serve to distinguish the species. Aplectoides speciosa, variety arctica Zetterstedt. Hampson, in his monographic work, makes " Ab. 2 arctica. Small and dark with the markings indistinct. Al])ine and Arctic. " I have seen alpine specimens that agree with this characterization ; but have in hand now a male example from Mt. Rainer, Washing- ton, which is very dark, almost blackish, the markings indistinct, but equals in size the ty|)ical form. Resides being indistinct, or better 192 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. indefinite, the markings are reduced and increased in contrast, the inclosed parts of the median lines and filling of the ordinary spots being white. The species is not common in collections at any time and the occurrence of this unusual form in a new locality is worthy of note ; hitherto the species has not been recorded at all from the Pacific coast, so far as I am aware. Aplectoides arufa, new species. Resembles in general appearance A. iinperila, hut has none of the reddish or brown shadings of that species and is altogether less marked. The ground color is a dull fuscous gray, the markings darker, emphasized by a few black scales only, and there are none of the contrasts that make the eastern species so recognizable. The median space is concolorous, the median shade is vaguely defined, and there are no black marks on the s. t. line; but the terminal lunules are large and distinct. The secondaries are smoky, whitish at base, with a broken terminal line, a dusky discal lunule and a smoky extra-median line. E.xpands : 1.50 inches ^37 mm. Habitat. — Yellowstone Park, Wyoming, in August. One good male. The relationship to the eastern species is ob- vious; but so is also the difference. I have imperita from Labrador that are smaller with much rnore sharply defined markings than my examjjle from Mt. Washington and, while the New Hampshire speci- mens differ among each other, none of them vary in the direction of ajiifa. Aplectoides fales, new species. Head, thorax and primaries a rather even smoky gray, with a slight olivaceous tinge. Head and collar somewhat paler, with a slight reddish admixture. Dorsal tuftings of thorax with a l)ro\vn shade ; patagia well marked. Primaries without strong contrasts, all the maculation traceable, the ordinary spots and an area between reniform and s. t. line on costa more whitish. Basal line distinct, geminate, black- ish, with whitish included space. T. a. line geminate, outer defining portion black- ish, inner smoky ; included space ashen gray ; as a whole the line is outwardly oblique, a little curved, with small outcurves in the interspaces. T. p. line geminate, inner portion blackish to black, lunulated ; outer portion obscure or smoky, crenu- lated, included space gray ; as a whole the line has only a slight outcurve over the cell and only a very little incurve below it. S. t. line gray, a little irregular, pre- ceded by a distinct black shade which becomes inwardly diffuse and is the most con- spicuous portion of the wing. Tiiere is a slender, lunulate black terminal line. A vague median shade darkens the space between the ordinary spots and part of the outer portion of the median space. Claviform concolorous, small, pointed, narrowly black lined. Orbicular large, pale gray, not defined above, broadly V shaped. Reniform moderate in size, kidney-shaped, gray, rather well defined by a narrow black line. Secondaries an even smoky gray, the fringes white. Beneath pale gray, powdery, both wings with smoky outer bands and smoky discal spots. Dec, 1905.] Smith : New Spfx'Ies of Noctuid^. for 1905. 193 Expands : 1.42 inches = 35 mm. Habitat. — Calgary, Alberta, July 2, '96. Probably received from Mr. Dod though the specimen does not bear his label. It is a broad-winged form more like iwperita than pressa and yet not unlike an obscurely marked //r^yj-^. I have hesi- tated long before describing it and do so now only because this may be really the male of the following species — discolor — despite the differences in wing form and maculation. Aplectoides discolor, new species. Head, thorax and primaries very pale gray, almost white, powdered with black. Head immaculate, collar with a vague dusky line across the middle. Thorax powdery, patagia obscurely submargined. Primaries irregularly shaded and powdered, with conspicuous contrasts and varying greatly. Basal line geminate, marked on costa, blackish. T. a. line geminate, not well defined, as a whole outwardly oblique and witli a little outcurve. T. p. line geminate, obscure, marked only by pale included space or by occasional smoky or blackish scales ; as a whole a little outcurved over the cell and a little incurved below. S. t. line white, a little irregular, preceded by a more or less continuous black shade which becomes diffuse inwardly. A series of small black terminal lunules. An obscure median shade. Space before and between the ordinary spots is the darkest part of the wing, a black bar connecting the spots inferiorly. Claviform large and broad, incompletely outHned. Orbicular large, round or oval, black margined, center with or without a dark spot. Reniform moderate in size, kidney-shaped more or less completely outlined, the center powdered with- blackish. Secondaries whitish with a smoky suffusion which forms an obscure sub- marginal band and discal lunule ; the fringes white with a dusky line at base. Beneath gray, powdery, with a more or less obvious extra-median line and discal spot. Expands : 1.5 5-1. 65 inches = 39-41 mm. Habitat. — British Columbia ; Inverness, July 16 ; Mouth of Skeene River, June 29. Two females received from Dr. James Fletcher, both somewhat defective and illustrating extremes in ornamentation. The ground is white in both cases : in one specimen the cell except for the ordinary spots is well darkened, but as for the rest the powdering is scant and scarce sufficient to mark any except the s. t. line ; there is merely a vague mottling. In the second specimen the black is diffused over the entire wing and the ordinary lines are marked by the white included spaces. The wing form is like that o{ pressa and the paler specimen might at first be mistaken for that species or yet more easily for con- dita. Although y(?/<;'5- may possibly prove to be the male of discolor it would be the first instance in this genus of a sexual difference in wing form . 194 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Rhizagrotis perolivalis, new species. Head, thorax and piimaries gray, overlaid by a dark olive. Head with white scales intermixed and with the lower half whitish. Collar whitish below a median black transverse line, and sometimes white tipped. An oblique white line on the patagia from the costal insertion of primaries to the anterior divided crest ; edges of patagia also white in one specimen. Primaries with the costal region whitish to the t. |5. line and the s. t. space with whitish powderings. Basal line distinct, white, with black scale edgings. T. a. line white filled, outwardly defined by a broad, somewhat diffuse black line, inwardly by a smoky line ; in course almost upright to the submedian vein, outcurved in the interspaces, with a long outward bend below vein I. 'r. p. line almost parallel with the outer margin; geminate, outer line incomplete, narrow, even ; inner line narrow, a little crenulate, blackish, included space more or less whitish. S. t. line of the pale ground or whitish, preceded by black sagittate spots so arranged as to give the appearance of white rays on veins 3 and 4 and 6 and 7. A narrow black terminal line. There is a black edging below the median vein in the basal space. A yellow bar extends from the end of the clavi- form to the t. p. line. Clavifcjrm concolorous, narrow, rather elongate, edged with black. Orbicular narrow, oblique, black-edged, white filled. Reniform kidney- shaped, rather narrow, black-edged, whitish powdered. Secondaries pale smoky yellowish, outwardly darker, the fringes white. Beneath gray, powdery, especially toward the margins. Expands: i. 36-1. 40 inches ^= 34-35 mm. Habitat. — Calgary, Alberta, head of Pine Creek, July 9, 10, 14. One male and three females, all in good condition from Mr. F. H. Wolley I)od. The species has a close superficial resemblance to the 4-dentata series of Eiixoa, and with only the female at hand I asso- ciated it with olivalis. The receipt of the male and of additional females makes it possible to determine the genus in which the species has no close allies, superficially. It may be that terrealis which I referred to CJiorizagrotis will eventually be associated with this species in Rhizagrotis or that because of the general agreement in type of maculation, perolivalis will go to CJiorizagrotis. Noctua acarnea, new species. Head and collar deep, almost purplish brown ; collar with a blackish transverse line ; disc and thorax more reddish, patagia almost carneous, and much brighter than any other part of the insect. Primaries very dark, almost blackish brown, with a purplish tinge, with a reddish shade in the upper portion of median space, most obvious in the reniform. Basal line geminate, broken, outer part of line blackish, inner obscure, included .space reddish ; as a whole, nearly upright. T. p. line ob- scurely geminate, irregular, with an even and not very marked outcurve. Inner part black-marked, emphasized by some reddish scales following. S. t. line somewhat irregular, reddi.sh, punctiform, a little emphasized by darker shadings. Fringes concolorous. Claviform small, incompletely outlined, obscurely shaded with reddish. Dec. 1905.] Smith: New SrEciEs of Noctuid.k for 1905. 195 Orbicular large, round, coucolorous, edged by black scales and some reddish powder- ings. Reniform large, kidney shaped, filled with reddish powderings; edged with black scales ; the space between the spots somewhat darker. Secondaries dull, pale, smoky yellowish, tips of fringes paler. Beneath smoky gray, jiowdery. Expands : 1.56 inches = 39 mm. Habitat. — Banff, Alberta; N. B. Sanson, "Museum," July 11, 1902. One good male, received through the courtesy of Dr. James Fletcher. The species is an obvious ally of bicarnea, with a similar excavation in outer margin of secondaries below aj^ex ; but it lacks the characteristic shadings and the details of maculation, especially in the ordinary spots, are quite distinct. Euxoa sotnia, new species. Ground color very pale gray with a luteous tinge, densely powdered with black scales, especially in the female. Collar usually with a more or less obvious transverse line ; but that is often wanting. Thoracic vestiture a mixture of fine and flattened hair, varying somewhat in proportion ; the collar, patagia and crests well marked in good examples; but not prominent. Primaries rather narrow, elongate with the apex more reduced than usual ; ail the lines present, but broken and more or less obscured by the powdering. Basal line geminate, obscurely marked. T. a. line upright, or only a little olilique, a little outcurved in the interspaces; geminate, inner line tend- ing to become lost, outer diffuse, more or less broken ; sometimes the entire line hardly traceable. T. p. line geminate over costal region, abruptly bent over cells then very even to the inner margin, the inner line more or less diffuse, sometimes nearly even, sometimes lunulate and sometimes crenulate ; but always traceable. S. t. line irregular, always traceable, variably distinct ; sometimes defined by an even dusky terminal space ; sometimes also by a preceding shade ; occasionally only picked out by light scales. Ape.v usually concolorous, the inception of s. t. line on costa often preceded by a blackish shade. A series of terminal dots or small lunules is often present ; but as often wanting. P'ringes variable. There is a difi'use dusky median shade that darkens the cell between the ordinary spots, and then runs close to and parallel with t. p. line, often darkening the outer part of median space. This shade is variably developed but always recognizable in some form. Claviform want- ing. Orbicular round, varying in size, rarely defined, sometimes concolorous ; sometimes discolored ; rarely with a dark center. Reniform of good size, kidney- shaped, never completely defined, sometimes scarcely traceable. Secondaries white, with a narrow dusky edging in the male : in the female they are sometimes equally immaculate ; but the tendency is to a smoky outer border beyond an extra-median line, and sometimes a discal spot is also traceable. Beneath, more or less powdery, sometimes almost immaculate, ranging to forms in which the disc of primaries is blackish, and there is an obvious extra median line on both wings. Expands: 1. 15- 1.38 inches = 29-34 mm. Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, September 9-24. 196 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoLxiii. A series of eight males and nineteen females, mostly fair, from from Mr. Tom Spalding. The species is variable as has been indi- cated in the description, and it has no very close allies. At first sight it looks like alccsta ; but the median shade separates the two and the narrower, more pointed primaries are also characteristic. Eiixoa alcesta, new species. Ground color very !iy;ht yellowish ash gray, sometimes with a faint reddish tinge, irregularly and rather sparsely powdered with coarse blackish atoms. Head and thorax concolorous, collar sometimes with a defined subapical line. Thoracic vesti- ture mostly flattened hair, collar and patagia not well defined, the crest obscure. Primaries with the lines all geminate, all broken and no contrasts. Basal line marked on costa and below median space. T. a. line a little oblique outwardly, only a little irregular; outer portion of line best marked. T. p. line with the outer line vague, inner more or less crenulate, course nearly parallel to outer margin. S. t. line pale, irregular, tending to form dents at its middle, marked by the uniformly darker terminal space and, sometimes, by a preceding dusky shade as well. There is a series of small black terminal lunules, followed by a yellowish line at base of fringes. Claviform wanting in all examples before me. Orbicular round, of moderate size, imperfectly defined, concolorous with ground. Reniform obscurely marked, appar- ently of good size and kidney-shaped. The cell between these spots is more or less darkened and sometimes even black. Secondaries white in the male, with a very narrow dusky edging. In the female the wings are a little soiled, and there is a tendency to an extra-median line. Beneath whitish, with a more or less obvious common line and a discal spot, both best marked on primaries. Expands: i. 24-1. 50 inches = 31-35 mm. Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, Sept. 5-26. Ten males and six females from Mr. Spalding, all in fair condi- tion. There is not much variation save in the matter of powdering, which brings out a little more or less contrast, locally or generally. The relationship is in part to Candida and in part \.o paUipennis ; the former is more chunky and the marking is not well defined ; the latter is even in color and does not have the powdery surface. Euxoa anacosta, new species. Ground color ashen gray, with a brown tinge, which is more obvious in the male than in the female, and gives the prevailing shade of the male primaries. Head paler than the ground, immaculate or with an obscure frontal line. Collar concolor- ous with head and costal region inferiorly, this pale shade limited by a more or less obvious black line across the middle, the upper half concolorous with thorax. Thorax more or less mottled with smoky brown, differing in shade, not maculate, usually the darkest portion of the insect. Primaries with costa as pale as the palest part of the di.sk, but not contrasting. The terminal space is evenly smoky and the darkest part of the wing : a dusky shade extends through and a little below the cell, and some Dec, 1905.] Smith: New Species of Noctuid.^ for 1905. 197 cases the entire median space is darkened. Tiiere is a variat>ly distinct basal black dash, always broken by the basal line and rarely extending to the t. a. line. Basal line geminate, marked on costa and below median vein only. T. a. line geminate, defining lines blackish, broken, outwardly oblique and outcurved in the interspaces. T. p. line geminate on costa, outer line lost over cell, inner line crenulate, tending to become lost in the male, outwardly bent on costa and then evenly oblique below. Apex pale, breaking the pale irregular s. t. line which is preceded by a variable num- ber of black sagittate marks. A series of small black terminal lunules. Fringes concolorous, with a very narrow pale line at base. Claviform narrow, pointed, ex- tending to the middle of the median space, outlined in black, the concolorous center sometimes very narrow. Orbicular varying from round, complete, to oblique, oval or oblong ; closed or open on costa ; white ringed, the ring edged with black scales, the center of the palest ground. Reniform of good size, kidney-shaped, white ringed, edged with black scales, center usually pale. Secondaries white with a nar- row dusky edging in the male, thinly smoked in the female, darkening outwardly to the white fringes. Expands: i. 20-1. 50 inches = 30-37 mm. Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, Sept. 20-25. Eleven males and about eighty females, collected by Mr. Tom Spalding. The species resembles segregata and was separated from a mixed lot of over five hundred examples, all of which were believed to be one species. As compared with segregata the new species does not have the contrasting costa and collar, and the contrasts of the disc of primaries are lacking. Altogether this is a more quietly marked form in which the transverse maculation is much better de- veloped. The contrast between the sexes is well marked and the male is altogether brighter than the female. Euxoa bialba, new species. Head and thorax ranging in color from reddish gray to deep purplish brown, head sometimes paler, sometimes concolorous ; collar usually with an obvious trans- verse black line, sometimes paler inferiorly. Primaries brown, variably overlaid by lilac gray, darker over costal region and in terminal space, ordinary spots brought into relief by the black filling between them. Basal space usually a little paler than the rest of the wing, basal line usually distinct, geminate. T. a. line geminate, black, the lines narrow, usually well defined, inner often wanting, only a little oblique, with three almost equal outcurves in the interspaces. T. p. line geminate on the costa, not well defined, and usually lost over the cell ; sometimes traceable as a crenulate smoky line parallel with outer margin. S. t. line pale, narrow, a little irregular, marked by a preceding costal shade as against the pale apex, and below that by the usually darker terminal space. There is a narrow, somewhat lunulate blackish terminal line and a narrow yellow line at the base of the browni.sh fringes. Claviform narrow, short, rarely outlined, sometimes indicated by a few scales only. Orbicular large, round or oval, concolorous or paler, rarely dark centered, edged with black 198 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi.xiii. scales. Reniforrn kidney-shaped, large, incompletely defined outward and inferiorly, concolorous or a little dusky below. The space between the spots always darker and sometimes black, contrasting. Secondaries white in the male, only a little smoky outwardly in the female. Beneath pale, powdery, primaries always darker and some- times quite smoky, always with a discal spot and sometimes with a partial exterior line ; secondaries usually jiowdery along the costa only, sometimes with a discal spot, not rarely uniformly whitish. Expands: 1.12-1.40 inches = 28-35 niiii- Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, Se[)tember 9 to October 2 ; Volga, South Dakota, without date. Seven males and ten females ; most of them more or less defective, from Mr. 'I'om Spalding and Mr. P. C. Truman. The species resembles albipennis and is a close ally. It differs in that the sexes are similar and the female is not darker than the male. It is more than probable that many of the western albipennis will be found refer- able to this species, and that the true albipennis with the darker female, = nigripennis, will be found to be an eastern and northeastern species. Euxoa zembla, new species. (Ground color a dull, luteous gray with white and blackish powderings. Head and thorax concolorous, varying as the amount of light and dark powdering varies, and sometimes forming obvious transverse lines on the collar. Primaries with all the maculation present but not distinct, everything seeming rather difluse from the pow- derings. liasal line geminate, outer line Ijroader and darker, on the whole out" wardly oblique, outcurved in the interspaces, the curves unequal. T. ji. line gemi- nate on the costa, the outer line lost in the outcurve, inner line lunulate, the points being emphasized so that it sometimes is almost crenulate ; rather abruptly bent on the costa and very evenly oblique from the outcurve to the inner margin. S. t. line pale, chiefly marked by the darker terminal space and sometimes by preceding shades or spots which become most obvious above the hind angle and opposite cell : some- times veins 3 and 4 are a little indented, but that is a variable feature. There is a row of l)lack lerininal lunules, beyond which there is a pale line at base of fringes. A median shade-line darkens the space between the ordinary spots and then runs close to and parallel with the t. p. line ; but that is a variable feature, and sometimes wanting. Claviform small, variable in form and in distinctness of outline, never contrasting. Orbicular varies from round to oval, sometimes complete, sometimes open above, with narrow black outline and a broader, more obvious whitish annulus ; the center concolorous. Reniform of good size, kidney-shaped, a little oblique, defined like the orbicular. Secondaries in the male white, with a narrow dusky edge and the veins a little smoky ; in the female usually a little smoky throughout, becom- ing darker outwardly, fringes white. Beneath powdery, primaries quite dusky, all wings with a discal spot. Expands: i. 25-1.46 inches = 31-36 mm. .^^//^/A?/.— Stockton, Utah, Sept. 4-22. Dec, igosl SmITII : Nf.W SpiXIES OF NoCTUID.E KoR I905. 199 Four males and nineteen females, mostly in good condition, from Mr. Tom Spalding. This species reminds one somewhat of pleu- ritica and belongs in the same group. The antennae are rather broadly fringed in the male and the primaries are rather narrow, with some- what marked apices. Fishia betsia, new species. Head, thorax and primaries bright ashen gra}' with fine black powderings which give it a slightly bluish tinge. Collar with a black median line. Patagia with a distinct black line at base of wings and an obscure darker margin along the disk. Primaries with a black basal streak, sharply defined above, a little diffuse below, which ex'ends well into the median tooth of the t. a. line. T. a. line single, black, broken, slender, with three long outward teeth, the first of which touches the orbicu- lar, the second meets an inward tooth of the t. p. line and the third, least marked of all, reaches the middle of the median space. The t. p. line is vaguely indicated by a paler shading only until opposite the cell ; then a series of black interspaceal streaks and a few black scales indicate the presence of the line to vein 2, below which there is a distinct black inward tooth which meets the t. a. line. There is a series of black terminal lunules at tlie base of the interlined fringes. Claviform concolorous with a fine black outline, extending above the median tooth of the t. a. line to the t. j). line. Orbicular large, oblique, a little paler than the ground, bordered by black scales at its anterior margin only. Reniform upright, oval, of moderate size, a little paler than the ground, very ill defined. Secondaries white, the veins a little dusky, with a series of blackish terminal lunules and a reflected round discal spot. Beneath whitish, with gray powderings ; both wings with a round discal spot of moderate size. Expands : 1.50 inches = 37.5 mm. Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, October 4, 1904, Spalding. One male in good condition ; the female will probably be found to be larger, darker, with better defined maculation. The species differs from all those heretofore described by the very light ashen gray primaries and clear white secondaries. Exhilarata, its nearest ally, is distinctly darker and with heavier markings. I have seen a female collected by Mr. Spalding, October 6, 1903, which agrees in all respects with 9 vinela, the $ of which bears no resemblance to the new form. Mamestra tufa, new species. Ground color bluish pale gray with slight brownish tintings. Head with a frontal line, collar with a median band, disc of thorax powdery, without obvious markings. Primaries narrow, elongate, pointed, the outer margin notched. All the transverse maculation except s. t. line broken, obscure, though the course of the strongly angled t. a. line can be made out in part. S. t. line whitish, broken, very close to outer margin which is reached by the w on veins 3 and 4, preceded by black- ish brown shadings which are most obvious opposite the cell and above anal pngle. 200 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xm. There is an obscure black line, broken into scales througli the submedian interspace, best marked at base. The ordinary spots are fused inferiorly, the lower and outer margin of the combined spot shaded with deep brown, the upper and inner tending to obsolescence. As a whole the wings look strigate without actually being so. Secondaries white. Beneath white, with a little blackish powdering, most obvious on primaries. Expands: i. 55-1. 60 inches = 39-40 mm. Habitat. — Stockton, Utah, August 30. Two male examples, neither of them very good, collected by Mr. Tom Spalding. One of them, from Dr. Barnes, is labelled '02 ; the other, from my own material, is labelled '04 ; the inference is that the species is not common. This species is an ally of nitgatis and the smallest of the piirpiirissata type. It is an exaggeration of the jiincimacula style of maculation and agrees with tiugatis in the white secondaries. The yet narrower primaries, much lighter bluish gray color and the differences in details distinguish it from the latter species. Mamestra agnata, new species. Ground color a rather uniform ashen gray, a little darker in the female than in the male. Collar with a distinct black cross-line, patagia with black submargin. Primaries with all the lines and marks cleanly defined and complete, yet nothing con- trasting except a lunula in the s. t. line above the anal angle, which is white and relieved by a preceding blackish shade. Basal line geminate, blackish, irregular. T. a. line geminate, outer portion usually more obvious, a little outcurved, even or a little outcurved in the intervals. T. p. line almost evenly bisinuate, inner line broader and barely lunulate. S. t. line whitish, making two rather even outward curves with an angle between them, emphasized by a dusky following shade and in the s. m. interspace as already described. A black, scarcely lunate terminal line. A yellow fine line at the base of the long fringes which are cut with blackish. There is a median shade which darkens the space between the ordinary spots and extends below to the inner margin. Claviform moderate or small, black margined, and beyond and partly over it is a reddish brown shading, the only patch of color in the wing, and that not always present. Orbicular moderate or large, round or a little irregular, black edged, annulate with pale gray, center concolorous or nearly so. Reniform upright, of good size, black margined, with a pale interior ring, and the disc paler than the ground, but not contrasting. Secondaries a little smoky in the $ , decidedly so in the 9 "> ^^s" •" t)ofl^ cases. Beneath, gray, powdery, darker in the female, a common extra-median line and on the secondaries a discal spot. Expands: i. 25-1.35 inches = 31-34 mm. Habitat. — Redington, Arizona. Three males and two feinales from Dr. Barnes, all in good condi- tion and all without date. This species has the antenncTe in the $ marked and bristle tufted, and is an ally of M. gnata Grt., which Dec , 1905.] Smith: New Species of Noctuid.'e for 1905. 201 occurs in the same faunal region. It differs materially, however, in the clearly written maculation and in the entire absence of the color characters of Mr. Grote's species. Mamestra basiplaga, new species. Dull fuscous blown, powdered and suffused with blackish. Plead and collar paler, more reddish; head with a median cross line, collar with a black band at about middle, above which it is often of the darkest thoracic shade. Disc of thorax varies from a brown mottling to a blackish purple. Primaries with the upper half of basal stiace and the s. t. space generally, shaded or suffused with reddish brown in the male, this verging toward lilacinous toward the inner margin. Basal line gemi- nate, oijscure, usually traceable to a black longitudinal streak which extends almost to the t. a. line and is obvious in most specimens. Another black streak along inner margin at base, seems to be less constant. T. a. line geminate, inner line obscure, outer blackish, as a whole very irregular in course, nearly upright. T. p. line geminate, obscure through the brown area beyond the reniform, distinctly though not strongly incurved in the s. m. interspace. S. t. line irregular, broken, whitish, partly defined by the dark terminal space and in part by the preceding smoky blotches. A black line at base of fringes, which are cut with yellowish-brown. Claviform broad, rather short, triangular, concolorous, defined by a black outline, a black line generally e.xtending from it to the t. p. line. Orbicular round or oval, usually pale ringed ; but this varies greatly as does also the filling. Reniform small, oval, narrow, oblique, outer portion always white lined, usually edged with black scales, so that the outer margin stands out by contrast. .Secondaries in the $ whitish at base, becoming dusky toward outer margin at apex ; in the 9 smoky fuscous throughout except at extreme base. Beneath, primaries smoky, darkest in the 9 ; secondaries whitish, powdery along the costal area, with a discal spot. Expands : 1.12-1.16 inches ^ 28-29 mni- Habitat. — Huachuca Mts., and Southern Arizona, Poling. Three males and six females, all from Dr. Barnes. No two are alike, and yet all have a similarity of habitus that brings them to- gether. The general reference is to the vidua series, which the male genitalia seem to bear out from such examination as I could make of the specimens. Mamestra imbuna, new species. Dark ashen gray, head and lower half of collar often with a reddish tint, primaries with usually a reddish flush beyond the reniform. A distinct black line below the apex of collar. Patagia more or less obviously submargined with black. Primaries with a short curved black streak at base, above which the wing is usually a little lighter. T. a. line rather well removed from base; geminate, even, the outer line best marked, included space gray, as a whole with an oblique outcurve. T. p. line geminate, slender, the inner portion blackish, included space narrowly gray, outer portion often lost ; as a whole even, with a wide bend over cell and a marked constriction in the submedian interspace. S. t. line irregular, broken, preceded by 202 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xin. variably defined dusky spots and sometimes by darker shades ; just before the anal angle rather prominently marked by white scales. There is a narrow black line at the base of the fringes which are dark and narrowly cut with yellowish. Claviform large, conical, black-ringed, extending across the median space, the apex on the t. p. line. Orbicular large, irregular, oblique, black-ringed, the center concolorous or a little paler, the anterior margin resting on the t. a. line or connected with it by a black shading. Reniform large, extending above and below the cell, rather narrowly kidney-shaped, both ends resting on the t. p. line. Secondaries in the male whitish, becoming blackish at the margins ; in the females more evenly smoky as a rule. Beneath primaries dark smoky brown, powdery ; secondaries whiti.sh in the male, darker in the female, powdery, with an outer line which in 'l^e female tends to become the inner margin of a distinct dark border. Expands : i. 20-1.34 inches = 30-34 mn'i. Habitat. — lAicerne County, Pennsylvania, in April ; Hessv ille, Indiana, August 14. Four i^iales and 4 females in fair condition are at hand. Seven of the examples were received from Mr. George Franck and the females are uniformly darker and have the primaries broader than the male. The eighth specimen is a female, received from Mr. Kwiat, which is in all respects like the Pennsylvania males and shows none of the color differences above noted. The species is allied to vidua in wing- form and has a well marked excision below the apex of secondaries. Mamestra uliginosa, new species. Dull blackish brown to blackish, powdered and marked with white. Head and thorax more gray, powdery, head with one or two transverse darker lines ; collar with a black median line ; patagia with dark margins. Primaries with the maculation all present and more or less relieved. The ordinary spots whitish, more or less con trasting, and form the most obvious features. Orbicular round, moderate in size, with a central dusky spot. Reniform large, broad, upright, oblong, a little con stricted in center, more or less mottled. Basal and s. t. spaces more or less mottled, median space more uniform. Basal line geminate, blackish, filled with whitish scales. T. a. line geminate, outwardly oblique, only a little curved or waved, intervening space more or less powdered but not filled with white. T. p. line makes a rather even and irregular bend over the cell and a little incurve below : it is more or less white-marked but not distinct and tends to become obscure. S. t. line irregular, broken, composed of white scales and not defined. The claviform is black-margined, concolorous, of moderate size, and in no way relieved. Secondaries in the male white, in the female muddy or smoky, with a tendency to yellowish ; fringes white. Beneath, powdery; almost white in the male, dull smoky gray in the female ; pri- maries darker in each case, secondaries in the female tending to an outer line and discal spot. Expands: 1-1.20 inches = 25-30 mm. Halntat. — Southern Arizona, Poling; Kerrville, Te.xas, Dr. Barnes. Dec, 1905.] Smith: New Species of NocTUlD.'^^ for 1905. 203 Two males and three females in good or fair condition, none of them dated. The sexual difference is well marked in this species, which is allied to but not of the olivacea series. It is a more obscure form, and the tendency seems to be rather to a blackish base on which the ornamentation is picked out with white scales. Leucania ferricola, new species. Ground color of head, thorax and primaries a thin rusty red over creamy yellow. Head and thorax more rusty, apparently immaculate ; but the thoracic vestiture is compressed and so a little obscured. The primaries have the alhilinia type of macu- lalion There is a distinct pale s. t. line which does not extend to the costa, and beyond that the terminal space is bluish ; tliis tint running out to a point below the apex. There is a series of black terminal lunules and beyond it a brown line at the base of the fringes. A brown shade in the cell starts at basal fourth and widening, fills it, including the small black reniform and extending to the s. t. line. There is a short black streak from base along the median vein. There is a black shading below the subraedian at base, changing to a brown which reaches the s. t. line ; the brown shade limited above by a black streak through the middle of the submedian inter- space. There are black dashes in brown clouds in the interspaces before the s. t. line. Secondaries pale with a reddish tinge, a narrow dusky terminal line and a dusky discal spot. Beneatli, distinctly yellowish ; the costal margins powdered with brick red, and each wing with a small blackish discal spot. Expands : 1.12 inches = 28 mm. Habitat. — Cochise County, Arizona, in July. One male in very good condition except for the crushed thorax, from Mr. George Franck. The species is the most brilliant of those belonging to this series and has every detail of the maculation per- fectly defined. Luperina extensa, new species. Head, tliorax and primaries (kill brown, with a somewhat luteous tinge as a base. Palpi, head in front and base of collar a little more yellowish in tinge. Abdo- men a little lighter, more yellowish. Primaries with the transverse maculation tend- ing to obsolescence. There is a yellow streak through the submedian interspace that extends from base, where it is inferiorly marked by black scales across the t. p. line, and is lost just before the s. t. line. This streak is not contrasting, though per- fectly distinct, and the edges are a little diffuse. There is a black streak along inner margin at base. Basal line lost. T. a. line obscurely indicated by blackish scales in the paler parts of the wing. T. p. line single, obscure, darker brown except toward the inner margin where it is emphasized by black scales ; somewhat relieved by fol- lowing yellow scales, its course as a whole a little outcurved over the cell and only a little incurved toward inner margin. S. t. line a little irregular, broken, made up of yellow scales, preceded and followed by black scale shadings, so that the line is clearly distinguishable throughout its course. A series of distinct blackish terminal lunules. Fringes yellowish. Claviform not marked in the specimen. Orbicular 204 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. narrow elongate, oblic[ue, edged by black scales. Reniform narrowly kidney-.shaped, upright, somewhat dilated inferiorly, yellowish, more or less black-edged. Secon- daries washed with dull yellow, the outer border darker, smoky ; fringes pale. Be- neath, primaries smoky with a silky lustre ; secondaries powdery whitish yellow, with apex and costal margin darker ; a punctiform extra-median line and a discal dot. Expands : 1.44 inches = 36 mm. Habitat. — Regina, July 28, at light ; T. N. Willing. One male, in fair condition, secured through the kindness of Dr. James Fletcher. The species has the characteristic appearance of members of this genus and is perhaps closer to my trigona than any other. The yellowish longitudinal streak and the narrow, yellow ordi- nary spots are characteristic. Perigea flavistriga, new species. Head, pale red-brown, darkening to the vertex. Thorax dark brown, almost blackish, base and tip of collar and margins of patagia more reddish. Primaries dark smoky brown, almost blackish, powdery, so that nothing is defined, though all the usual lines and markings can be made out. Basal line marked by a geminate black spot on costa only. T. a. line incomplete, marked on the costa and by a black outcurve in the submedian interspace, otherwise hardly traceable. The basal space is somewhat yellow mottled and a distinct yellow streak extends beneath the subme- dian vein by the t. p. line. T. p. line geminate, the outer line obscure, the inner narrow, lunulate, blackish, emphasized by a yellow powdering which follows it, well curved over the cell and very oblique and even to near the middle of hinder margin. S. t. space is a trifle paler to the s. t. line which is irregular, made up of yellow scales, defined by vague black preceding spots and a generally darker terminal space. There is a broken black terminal line. Claviform not traceable in the specimen. Orbicular narrow, oblong, oblique, incompletely margined with yellow scales, a little paler than the ground. Reniform large, kidney-shaped, incompletely ringed with yellowish, which tinges also the middle of the mark itself. Secondaries smoky; paler, more yellowish at the base and with an obscure discal lunule. Beneath, pri- maries smoky brown, immaculate ; secondaries dull, smoky yellowish, with a smoky outer line and discal lunule. Expands: 1.32 inches =33 mm. Habitat. — Lethbridge, Alberta, July 11 ; T. N. Willing. A single female in good condition, from Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod (No. 8). It is a robust species with narrow obtusely rounded pri- maries, the thoracic vestiture flattened hair rather than scales. It belongs with texaua in general appearance and habitus. The yellow streak is the most obvious characteristic of this spe- cies, which is otherwise powdery and obscurely marked. Dec, 1905.] Smith: New Species of Noctuid.e for 1905. 205 Crambodes abalas, new species. (Ground color a powdery, dull reddish luteus. Head with white and metallic gray powderings. Thorax with metallic gray powderings, collar and patagia well defined, posterior tuft well marked. Primaries with all the maculation obscure ; costa except apex, fringes and most of the median space smoky brown, not strongly con- trasting. T. a. line widely outcurved, most obviously so in the submedian inter- space. T. p. line outcurved over the cell, incurved below ; both lines indefmed- There is a series of black terminal lunules between which the broad dark fringes are cut with the ground color. Orbicular a vague, indefined small spot of the ground color. Reniform a similarly indefinite lunule. Secondaries soiled whitish, a little darker toward the outer margin ; fringes paler. Beneath soiled whitish, a little smoky on the primaries, powdery, with a smoky longitudinal shading from base to middle of wing. Expands: .88-1.04 inches = 22-26 mm. Habitat. — Cochise County, Arizona, in July. One male and five females, in fair condition only, from Mr. George Franck. The species is smaller than and quite obviously distinct from our northern species and has more the appearance of Hadenella pcr- gentilis, as well as its tuftings. It seems safely referable to Crambodes, however. Orrhodia insinuata, new species. Ground color of head, thorax and primaries dull fuscous brown, overlaid with blackish-. Head and thorax immaculate, vestiture loose, somewhat shaggy, thoracic parts not well defined. Primaries with the markings barely traceable and no con- trasts of any kind. T. a. line outwardly oblique with moderate outcurves in the in- terspaces; barely traceable by a slightly darker shading. T. p. line with an even, small outcurve over the cell, and a very slight incurve below ; traceable as a very narrow paler line or rather of the ground color free from powderings. S. t. line badly indicated by a slightly paler shading. Orbicular round, of moderate size, with a slightly paler annulus. Reniform, upright, large, a little constricted centrally, slightly darker than the ground. Secondaries a little paler and with thinner scaling than the primaries. Beneath paler than above, with an obscure outer line and on secondaries an obvious discal spot. Expands : i. 25-1.35 inches := 31-34 mm. Habitat. — Pullman, Washington, May 8 and 9. Four examples, all females, in tolerably good condition. The species is congeneric with my Orrhodia californica and has the same type of markings so far as any can be distinguished. It is only with a glass, however, and with a knowledge of what is sought that they can be made out at all. The species is more loosely clothed than the typical forms and raises the question whether the generic reference may not have to be changed eventually. The specimens do not have 206 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Professor Piper's label, and are, I believe, a part of a lot received subsequent to his removal from Washington. Xylina atincta, new species. Ground color dull ashen gray without any greenish or mossy tinge. Antennae whitish at base. Collar with a subapical black line, a narrow dark line on patagia basing the wings. Primaries with the upper half of basal space whitish, hardly con- trasting, the orbicular white or whitish, nearly always contrasting, the reniform with a faint reddish tinge, a trace of which also occurs before the t. a. line on some speci- mens. There is a slender black basal streak which curves upward and does not reach much if any beyond the middle of the basal space. Basal line geminate, indicated on the costa only. T. a. line geminate, outer portion a little darker and thicker, as a whole a little oblique and outcurved on the interspaces. T. p. line irregular, well curved over the reniform, abruptly bent in below it ; geminate broken, inner line more or less lunulate, outer obscure. S. t. line paler than outer margin, preceded by a variably distinct dusky shade, which tends to become broken into spots. There is a series of distinct interspaceal terminal lunules. Median shade obvious in most specimens, crossing obliquely beyond the middle and outwardly diffuse. Claviform small, concolorous, obscurely outlined, scarcely traceable in some cases. Orbicular of good size, narrow, oblique, a little constricted centrally, narrowly black ringed, usually pale filled so as to be contrasting, but sometimes almost concolorous. Reni- form large, broadly kidney-shaped, inner margin a narrow black line, outer border gray ; the center is obscurely dark and shaded with a more or less obvious reddish tint. Secondaries smoky with a slight tendency to reddish, the fringes paler. Beneath, primaries dark smoky with costal and outer margin reddish gray and powdery ; secondaries reddish gray, powdery, with a distinct smoky extra-median line and a well defined discal spot. Expands : i. 44-1. 58 inches = 36-39 mm. Habitat. — Cartwright, Manitoba in September. Three males and six females all from Mr. Geo. J. Keller, of Newark, who received them from a correspondent unknown to me. The species is not represented in the material sent me by Mr. Heath, nor have I had it from any correspondent in that region. I have a specimen from the mountains of western Pennsylvania that seems to belong here and is probably conspecific. The species resembles tepida but is not so well marked and lacks the contrasts of that species. Cucullia arizona, new species. Ground color dark bluish ash gray, with the maculation smoky and black, sharply defined. Head deep blackish brown, crossed by black and gray lines. Collar gray, with three blackish and two white transverse lines. Dorsum of thorax black powdered; distorted by pressure and therefore not definitely describable. Primaries with maculation intermediate between convexipennis and montana:. From the middle of the costa to the outer margin below the apex a paler gray shade extends, leaving the apical space darker than the rest of the wing and relieving the black scale Dec, 1905.] Smith: New Species of Noctuid-e for 1905. 207 dots that indicate tlie margins of the ordinary spots. Below this pale shading is a dark edging that becomes blackish outwardly. Along the inner border a black shad- ing extends to the middle, then expands and extends through the submedian inter- space to the outer margin above the apex, cut by a narrow curved gray line indicating the position of the t. p. line. There is a slender basal black line and around it, extending to the middle of tlie wing, is the long outward tooth of the t. a. line. Secondaries whitish at base, shading into a broad, almost blackish outer band ; veins blackish ; fringes white. Beneath, primaries evenly blackish ; secondaries much as above. Expands: 1.80 inches = 45 mm. Habitat. — Cochise County, Arizona in July. One female specimen, in good condition except for the compressed thorax due to papering ; from Mr. Ceorge Franck. The wing form is as in convexipennis, and tho'igh the color is totally different, that species is at once recalled by the pale shading from costa to the outer margin. Genus CONOCHARES, new. Has the habitus of an Acontia but with somewhat more [jointed primaries. Accessory cell of primaries absent in all specimens ex- amined and the genus is therefore allied to Thalpocharcs. It differs by having the front conically produced, abruptly cut off, and the pro- tuberance with a narrow, elevated rim. The genus therefore bears about the same relation to ThalpocJiares that Coiiacontia does to Acoutia. The occurrence of four species with apparently similar structure has persuaded me to propose the above generic term, although the forms already described in allied genera are not well-known and col- lections are scarce. All the species are from the desert regions of Arizona and adja- cent California ; and as in so many forms occurring there, the pro- tuberant front is characteristic, and may be indicative of habit. Two of the species have a superficial resemblance to Acoutia arizonce in wing form and type of maculation. The others, while siiTiilar, yet resemble the true Tiialpocliares more closely. Conochares acutus, new species. Head, thorax and primaries to the middle, white, immaculate. Beyond the wing is gray, more or less white mottled, the white s. t. line obvious, sinuate, the t. p. line more or less obviously marked, curved over cell, and incurved below. There is a series of black terminal marks and the fringes are white. At the inner border of the gray shading, the white base intrudes an acute tooth in the cell, ex- tending to the round, gray, white ringed reniform. Secondaries blackish, fringes white. Beneath, primaries blackish, secondaries while. 'J08 Journal New York Entomological Society. (Voi. xiii. Expands : .85-. 90 inch := 21-22 mm. Habitat. — Santa Catalina Mts. , April 8-15 ; southern Arizona, May 15. Two males from Dr. Barnes, one female from Mr. Poling ; one of the males defective, yet representative in maculation. The leaden gray primaries with the acute outward indentation in the cell is characteristic. Conochares interruplus, new species. Head, thorax and basal half of primaries white, immaculate. Beyond the ter- mination of the white area, at or a little beyond the middle of the wing, the surface is mottled with olivaceous gray, a little tinged with yellowish in some examples. The margin between the white and gray is sharply defined by a blackish gray line which diffuses outwardly, is oblique in general course, and is usually interrupted opposite reniform, the white extending to that spot which is round, gray, and ringed with white. The s. t. space is more or less mottled with gray and white, the pale s. t. line being always well-defined and a little sinuated. Terminal space gray or mottled. A series of small black terminal dots in some specimens. Fringes white, interrupted by a gray shading opposite cell and sometimes by another at hind angle. Second- aries slightly infuscated, darker outwardly. Beneath, primaries dull yellowish to smoky, secondaries white. Expands: .80-. 87 inches = 20-22 mm. Habitat — Southern Arizona, April 10, Poling; Phoenix, Arizona, March 12, Griffith; Yuma County, Arizona, in March, Hutson ; Argus Mts., California, April, Koebele ; Walters Station, California, April, Hutson. One male and seven females, most of them in rather good condi- tion. Eive scattered localities for eight examples, taken by four col- lectors, argues rather a rare species ; but I believe it will be found not uncommon when carefully sought for. As compared with acutiis, this si)ecies is a little smaller, the outer half of wing is distinctly more motded and with a luteous shading, the dividing line between colors is very even and the fringes are interrupted by gray shadings. Acontia dimidata, new species. Head, collar, and anterior portion of thorax gray ; remainder of thorax white ; abdomen whitish. Primaries white to the middle, where the space is sharply limited by a blackish gray shading which is a little curved and somewhat irregular at the edge. Toward base, the white is irregularly interrupted by gray shadings on the costal region. In the dark portion of the wing there is a mottling of black and whitish scales, and with a lens the maculation can be picked out ; but there is nothing clear except a white edging just before the fringes which are based by black scales. Orbicular wanting, reniform barely indicated. Secondaries a little dusky. Beneath whitish. Dec, 7903.] Smith: New Spfxtes of Noctuid.e eor 1905. 209 Expands: .58-. 64 inches = 15-16 mm. Habitat. — Redington, Arizona. One male and one female from Dr. Barnes; both in good condi- tion. There is nothing just like this species, and its associates are scdata and its allies. Acontia pima, new species. Head, collar and thorax to tke origin of the secondaries, white; behind that bluish or steel gray with metallic reflections. Primaries with costal region white to the s. t. line, upper half of cell white to the reniform, interrupted by a little jog at place for orbicular ; beyond the reniform the white continues from the upper border of that spot which is upright, oval, small and marked in outline by black scales. Below the white and in the terminal space the wing is gray, overlaid by olivaceous scales with some iridescent blue and violet intermingled. The violet scales form vague lines, indicacing the t. a., t. p. and median lines. The s. t. line is indicated by scattered white and bluish scales to the hind angle, above which a curved white line becomes distinct. There is a series of velvety black terminal marks. The olivaceous gray fringes are cut just above vein 2 by a broad white bar, which reaches to or nearly to vein 4. Secondaries whitish, with a dusky outer border. Beneath, maculation of upper side vaguely duplicated. Expands : .95-1.00 inch = 24-25 mm. Habitat. — Babaquivera Mts., Pima County, Arizona. Two good males from Dr. Barnes, collected by Mr. Poling. The species is allied to expolita from the same region ; but is larger, whiter, has half the thorax white and the hind angle of the primaries gray. Acontia aniluna, new species. Head, thorax and anterior half of thorax white ; posterior portion of thorax in- cluding tips of patagia shining slate gray. Primaries slate gray with three large white marks on costa,a white mark below the middle of fringes, and a white lunulate mark above anal angle. Of the costal marks that at base is usually trigonate, but may become oblong ; the second is near the middle, is oblong and oblique, like a short band, and abruptly ended ; the third is within the apex and more or less triangular with rounded tip, in all specimens. The white cut in the fringe may be narrow, may include two interspaces, and may even extend upon the disc of the wing itself. The anal lunule is a part of the s. t. line, and that may be white marked in other parts of its course. The ordinary lines are traceable as smoky lines, the ter- minal line black, usually punctiform, but sometimes partly continuous. Orbicular wanting, reniform, partly outlined. Secondaries smoky brown, almost blackish, fringes paler. Beneath, primaries blackish, the white blotches of the upper side vaguely yellowish; secondaries whitish, with a broad dark outer border and a more or less obvious blackish median band. Abdomen gray. Expands: .80-. 92 inches = 20-23 mm. Habitat. — Baboquavaria Mts., Pima County, Arizona, July^ 15- 30 ; O. C. Poling ; Yuma County, Arizona, Hutson. 210 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Eight examples, mostly in good condition and all females. Twa specimens came through Dr. Barnes ; the others are from Mr. Poling directly, or from Mr. Hutson. At first sight the specimens resemble quadriplaga ; but the dark secondaries and the maculation of the fringes negatived that reference. I am not so sure now that this is not simply the female of pima and that the somewhat imperfect specimen that I have associated with the male type does not belong elsewhere. I have no other example, however, of white secondaries and abdomen in the male as against gray in the female, and no such uniform difference in the costal margin. I prefer to give the name, therefore, to call atten- tion to the matter. Acontia alata, new species. Head, collar and thorax laterally white ; thoracic disc grayish olive with a white central line or broader mark. Primaries dark, even olive gray, costa white nearly to the apex ; a white stripe from base below median vein to about the center of the wing, then curved upward and extending obliquely to the costa within the apex. The entire region above this white stripe is more or less white marked. There is a narrow white terminal line and the tips of the fringes are whitish, secondaries smoky yellowish, the fringes paler. Beneath, primaries even, glistening dark gray, secon- daries whitish. Expands : .65-. 70 inches = 15-16 mm. Habitat. — Baboquavaria Mts., Pima County, Arizona, July 15- 30 ; O. C. Poling. Three males and one female, all in good condition ; one .^ from Dr. Barnes, whose label reads " Babaquivera," the others from Mr. Poling direct. The species is altogether unlike any other Acontia and is more like Tlialpochares in appearance, if not in structure. The front is cylindrically protuberant. Acontia eudryada, new species. Head, thorax and abdomen white. Primaries white to the outer third at inner margin, and from that point a gray and olivaceous shade extends with an outcurve to the apex, narrowing so as to include only the s. t. space, leaving the terminal space white until just before the apex is reached. At base there is a slate gray costal shade to show the inception of a t. a. line. At middle there is a small trigonate cloud. The outer shading has a golden yellow tinge at the inner edge, and an angulated metallic blue line which extends as a powdering to the apex. Secondaries blackish, paler at base ; fringe whitish. Beneath, primaries black clouded ; secondaries whitish. Expands : 1.05 inches ^26 mm. Habitat. — Southern Arizona, August 15-30, Mr. O. C. Poling. Dec, 1905.] Dyar : A New Oncocnemis from Nevada. 211 One female specimen, almost perfect. Is allied to crctata but larger, with a much narrower outer band and blackish secondaries. It is to my mind the handsomest species in this attractive genus. Acontia cuta, new species. Head, thorax and abdomen white, the latter with a creamy tinge. Primaries white to the middle, beyond which it is gray except for a lunate mark on the costa. This lunate mark is separated from the white base by an inwardly oblique band of gray, and does not extend to the apex. A white patch in the fringes of outer margin at about the middle. The orbicular is round, of moderate size, concolorous, narrowly brown ringed. Secondaries whitish. Beneath, primaries yellowish, with macula- tion of upper surface showing faintly. Secondaries whitish. Expands : .75 inch =: 19 mm. Habitat. — Santa Rita Mts. , Pima County, Arizona, Dr. Barnes ; Baboquavaria Mts., July 15-30, O. C. Poling. Three female specimens in fair condition. A very simply marked form of the elegaiitiila type. A NEW ONCOCNEMIS FROM NEVADA. By Harrison G. Dyar, Ph.D., Washington, D. C. Oncocnemis bakeri, new species. Head brown, collar gray, nearly white at tip ; thorax dark gray, abdomen lighter. Forewings gray, powdery, hoary, smoother and brownish terminally. Basal line black, small, slender; t.- a and t.- p. lines single, black, the t. a. line slightly arcuate, a little widened on costa, t.- p. line strongly excurved over cell, else nearly regular. Subterminal line lost ; orbicular and reniform concolorous, in a scarcely perceptible brownish tint, finely black-ringed and narrowly whitish within this edg- ing; claviform indicated. Hind wing translucent white, smoky tinged on veins out- wardly and on extreme margin. Below pale, forewing with a black dash represent- ing the inception of the t. p. line on the costa. Expanse 28-32 mm. One (^ and one 9> Ormsby County, Nevada (C. F. Baker). Type. — No. 7,777, U. S. National Museum. It resembles y^^'V/n?/^ Harvey and simpUcia Smith (the latter is not before me). 212 Journal Nkw York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. Class I, HEXAPODA. ORDER XI, ORTHOPTERA. A NEW BACUNCULUS FROM INDIANA. By a. N. Caudell, Washington, D. C. Bacunculus blatchleyi, new species. Body moderately slender, noticeably heavier than that of B. tennescens. Head smooth, subquadrate, in neither sex so strongly swollen anteriorly as in B. tenuescens and no more than twice as long as broad ; attached subhorizontally to the pronotum. Pronotum about one fifth as long as the mesonotum, which is a little longer than the metanotum, the moderately distinct intermediary segment included. Abdomen of the male scarcely inflated apically, the seventh and eighth segments subequal in length, each a little shorter than the ninth. Supra-anal plate small, triangular. Cerci of female rounded and as long as the terminal segment of the abdomen, being about seven or eight times as long as the basal width, straight and quite uniformly taper, ing ; cerci of male cylindrical, scarcely at all tapering, curved downward and inwards crossing each other as usual in both Diaphcyoiih'ra and Baainciilus ; armed on the inner side at the base with a distinct but blunt projection, or spine. Operculum of male as in tenuescens but slightly more massive. Legs heavier and less attenuate than in teniiesceiis, the middle femora of the male distinctly heavier and thicker than the posterior ones and armed below near the apex with a stout, blunt curved spine ; mid- die femora of the female with a small spine near the apex below, otherwise the legs of both sexes are unarmed. Color probably brown to green, or yellowish green. The speci- mens before me were preserved in spirits and the colors are probably considerably changed. Length, head, male, 3 mm., female, 4 mm. ; pronotum, male, 2.5 mm., female, 3.25 mm.; mesonotum, male, 13 mm., female, 16 mm.; metanotum, male, 12 mm., female, 12 mm.; fore femora, male, 2 mm., female, 16 mm. ; middle femora, male, 15 mm., fe- male, 13 mm. ; hind femora, male, 20 mm., female, 18 mm. ; cerci, female, 3. 75 mm. One male, one female, Starke Co., Indiana (Blatchley). Type No. 9099 U. S. Nat. Museum. The females of this species are scarcely separable from those of Dlapheroinera veliei when unassociated with the opposite sex. sJOXJR InI AIv OF THE pciu Wiovlx |;utomoIagicaI J^acicty; Publishes articles relating to any class of the subkingdom Arthropoda, subject to the acceptance of the Publication Committee. Original communications in this field are solicited. Editorial. The following contribtition to the discussion of the subject of generic types has been sent to us by Mr. Louis B. Prout, of London, England, and refers to the discussion in the June, 1904, number of this Journal : "Permit me to suggest that if the editor's views and those of Prof. J. B. Smith, as there set forth, be combined, with the elimina- tion of all elements of personal preference, etc. (which you will agree with me, are the causes of instability and of discord), we shall have an almost perfect system, and one that — as it would work well-nigh automatically — we should all do well to adopt. Evidently adherence to an original spelling would be undoubtedly 'automatic '; I rejoice to see that you very nearly advocate this, and if I read you aright you are not even hopelessly antagonistic to the non-Latin ' w ' in dedica- tory names. Why should IValkeria or Walsinghaniia be disguised by an initial U or V? Surely we in England must not advocate such a proceeding, when our national coinage is perpetuating the barbarous ' Edwardus ' ! As to the 'k,' you are of course right, and Sir George Hampson's change to ' c ' indefensible. Better reject dedica- tory names /// toto than mutilate them beyond recognition. "The inconsistency of demanding zw/^a/ definition you have ad- mirably exposed, as also previously in Trans. Am. ent. soc, xxiv, 6. Rothschild and Jordan have made a pretty business of it in 213 214 Journal Nkw York Extomolocical Society. [Voi. xiii. their otherwise masterly 'Revision of the Sphingidte.' They first reject all genera that are not diagnosed ; next they reject all diagnoses prior to their own (^. ^■., citing as ' type ' a species which absolutely contradicts the old diagnosis); why are they not logical enough to end by rejecting all generic names ' prior to their own '? "This brings me to the last, and most important point, the de- fence, by certain lepidopterists, of the illegal practice of making the first species of a genus the 'type,' irrespective of historical action. I know of no code which permits such a course, and am at a .loss to know what right we lepidopterists have to be ' a law unto ourselves ' in so vital a matter ; the general zoological rules must be our guide. Of course, if we are willing to trample on diagnoses and on common sense, and to make prasinana the type of Tortrix and so on, the method will be automatic, and therefore in a sense useful ; but if we apply it reasonably — as even Sir George Hampson advocates — it is no more automatic than the legal method, properly understood and applied. Perhaps you have overlooked the fact that the different results arrived at by different workers professing to follow the ' elimi- nation ' method are mainly due to their having tried to follow tlie inde- fensible and impossible applications of it which have unfortunately stultified the results in Scudder's otherwise magnificent ' Historical sketch '; /. c, they have allowed one name, independently erected, to 'restrict' another — whereof the second author had probably never even heard 1 — have forbidden an author or reviser to fix as type of one genus a species which has earlier been made (or which even now becomes, on their arbitrary methods) the type of another, and have brought in other extraneous elements which have resulted, as Sir George Hampson has so well said, in a ' reductio ad absurdum.' If the history of each name were traced independently and types fixed in accordance, the matter would be greatly simplified. Compare Walsingham and Durrant's ' Merton Rules,' No. 44: ' He who first restricts a genus under its own name limits the possible type,' etc. There is nothing 'absurd ' in this, quite the reverse ; for it recognizes and respects an intention to revise antecedent work, and fulfils the requirements of the 'British Association' and other codes. Theoreti- cally, no author ought to revise nomenclature without knowing his literature (of course mere faunistic lists can be ignored as they have no restrictive influence); but even if, as you suggest, some reference were overlooked by the monographer, it would not dislocate an entire Dec, 1905.] Editorial. 215 cantenation of names, as on the Scudder system, but, at the worst, only the one, or ones, immediately involved. A moment's thought will show that, given the literature of a certain name, the tyi)e can be decided as automatically, and almost as quickly as, and certainly far more logically than, by the arbitrary selection of the first species — a method which I cannot agree with you is at all likely to obtain in the long run, in face of the strong arguments which were adduced against it by nearly all the authorities who took part in the Sir George Hamp- son Nomenclature Correspondence (Proc. Internal. Congr. Zool., App. A, Cambridge, 1898) and of the fact that in this matter we ought to work harmoniously with other zoologists, who can hardly be expected to consent to a course which would bring about such disas- trous results in their particular departments." Louis B. Prout. London, N. E., 18 Nov., 1904. Our correspondent advocates what Rothschild and Jordan call the ■" First method of restriction," or the method of nomination of types.* We admit that we have not seen this method fairly tried, though we had thought the same objections applicable to it as to the other " his- torical method," the second method of restriction of Rothschild and Jordan, or the method of residues. These methods are sometimes thought to be similar or ])arts of one method, but, as Rothschild and Jordan say : "As the first and second methods are opposed to one another, differing nearly always in the results attained, we reject them both." Of course it does not necessarily follow that a method should be rejected because opposed to another ; that might prove it the right one. But we are pleased to see that Mr. Prout condemns the method of residues. This is the method heretofore used by Lepidopterists from Scudder to Kirby. It must be abandoned. What method shall we substitute ? Mr. Prout urges conformity with other zoologists ; but we have yet to see a code of rules that clearly covers the points of the present subject. * Called by Kirkaldy " The historical method " and advocated by him. (Proc. •ent. soc. Wash., vii, 1905.) 216 T(>URNAL New York Entomological Society. [Vm. xiii. BOOK NOTICES. An Outline of the Theory of Organic Evolution, with a description of some of the phenomena which it explains. P>y Mavnard M. Metcalf, Ph.D., Professor of Biology in the ^^'oman's College of Baltimore. New York, The Macmillan Company, 1904. Professor Metcalf presents his subject in a compact and readable style with numerous illustrations. Several color plates of moths, butter- flies and spiders give a good idea of the " mimicry " which is so well shown by these insects. The book has resulted from a course of lec- tures and is therefore well adapted for students. American Insects. By Yernon L. Kellogg, Professor of Entomology and Lecturer on Bionomics in Leland Stanford Jr. University, with many original illustrations by Mary Wellmax. New York, Henry Holt and Company, 1905. This bulky volume of 674 pages gives a general outline of all American insects and deals more largely with anatomy than is usually the case with books of this class. The classification is after Comstock and the synoptic tables are largely remodeled after- his. The work is adapted only for beginners or general students (if there are any such) and does not lead to specific determinations. It is almost up to date, including a chapter on mosquitoes and disease. It ends with an ac- count of collecting and rearing insects, which one would fancy must be a laborious undertaking from the amount of apparatus illustrated. Jelly tumblers have always served for us. WilJiclin Junk Ento/noIogcn-Adress/'uch. Preis Mark 5. W . Junk, Verlag fiir Entomologie. Berlin, 1905, N\\'., Rathenower Strasse 22. Another entomological address book is before us, well printed and in convenient, compact form. We notice some names not in other similar works which is commendable. There are also some curious errors. For instance, Mr. Geo. Franck, whose name will be found in our list of members published with the June issue of this Journal, appears under the pseudonym of " Iranck," both in text and index. It would be an advantage if publishers of address books could combine on one really good book instead of scattering their efforts as at present. Dec, 1905.] Proceedings of the Society, 217 The Naturalist' s Universal Directory, containing names, addresses and special subjects of study of professional and amateur natu- ralists in all parts of the world. 19th edition, compiled in 1904. Salem, Mass., U. S. A., Samuel Edson Cassino, 1905. With every edition this work becomes bulkier and of less service to naturalists. We note the omission of the names of entomologists (our own, for instance) and the inclusion of those of collectors of stamps and coins. While not objecting to these, at least harmless pursuits, we fail to see the propriety of including them as "natu- ralists." Certainly the directory does not need them ; there are enough names. But why all these separate directories? AVe shall need a directory of directories shortly. A Syiioiiyinit Catalogue of the North American Rhopalocera. Supple- ment No. I. By Henry Skinner, M.D. Philadelphia. Com- plete to end of 1904. [Received Sept. 14, 1905.] Dr. Skinner has given us a very useful little supplement to his catalogue of butterflies. It is somewhat bristling with typographical errors and blunders, but we are used to that sort of thing from Phila- delphia. There are some comments, indicating new synonymy and one new name (varietal) is proposed. The number of species added to our list is not large. The generic names have not been brought up to date, the author expressly stating that he is "not interested" in the subject, which he is pleased to designate as "generic fantasies." This is, we think, a fault. It is easy to stigmatize what one will not take the trouble to understand ; but a good opportunity of correcting the antiquated nomenclature of the North American butterflies has here been lost. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTO- MOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Mketing ok December 6, 1904 (continued from page 168). Mr. Bueno said further that in the works on American Entomology to which he had access, the family Gelastocoridre Kirk. (Galgulidse) was given as being repre- sented, by only three species in the United States. He has, however, a list of nine species, in four genera, as follows : Pelogontis americanus Uhler, Gelastocoris ocii- latus Fabr., G. -rariegatus, G. vicinus Mont, and G. n. sp. ? from Florida, Mouonyx nepivforniis Fab., M. fmcipes Guer. and M. n. sp. ? also from Florida, Nerthrn stygica Say. 218 TouRNAi, New York Entomological Society. voI. xiii. Mkkunc ok Decemhkh 20, 1904. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. President C. H. Roberts presided with thirteen members present. The librarian, Mr. Schaefl'er, reported the receipt of the following exchanges: Verhandl. k. k. zool. hot. Gesells., Vol. LIH, No. 10 ; Vol. LIV, Nos. i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Ohio Naturalist, Vol. I\', Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Tijdschrift voor Entoniologie, 1904, No. I. Entomologiske Meddelser, 1903, 1904, No. i, 5 and 6. Proc. Amer. Acad, of Arts and .Sciences, Vol. XXXIX, Nos. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. 23, 24 ; Vol. Xt , Nos. I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Bull. Univ. Montana, No. 8, Biol. Series, No. 6. Bull. Univ. Montana, Nos. 20 and 23. Bull. Univ. Texas, Nos. 33 and 34. Philos. Soc. Washington, Vol. XIV, pp. 247-276. Bulletino della Soc. Ent. Italiana, XXX V-I and H, III and IV. Cincinnati Museum Association, 23 Ann. report. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, XLII, No. 174; XLHI, No. 176. Trans. Canad. Institute, II, p. 3. Deutsche Ent. Zeitschrift, J 904, lleft l and 2. Fourteenth Jahres-Bericht d. Wiener Ent. Vereines. , 1903. Stettiner Ent. Zeitung. , 65 Jahrgang, Heft i and 2. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Nos. 1371, 1375, 1376, 1378, 1382, 1387, and 1389. Canadian Entom., XXXVI, Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11. No. Carolina. Dept. of Agric. Div. of Ent. — The San Jose scale by Franklin Sherman. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins des 'J'rencsener comitates for 1902 and 1903. Bull. Soc. imperiale des Naturalists de Moscow, 1904, No. i ; 1903, Nos. 2 and 3. Zeitschrift f. Entoniologie ; Breslau, 1904, Heft 29. Allgemeine Zeitschrift f. Entomologie, Vol. VIII, Nos. 16-24; Vol. I.X, Nos. 1-20. Researches on N. Amer. Acrididre by /\. P. Morse^Carnegie Instit., Washing- ton, I). C, 1904. Wiener Ent. Zeit., XXIII, Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Journal of Dept. Agric. of Victoria, Australia, Vol. II, Pts. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Bull. Agric. Victoria, Australia, Nos. 7 and 12. Annales del Mus. Nac. de Buenos Aires, Ser. Ill, Tome II and III. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belgique, XLVII, 1903. Trans. Texas Acad. Sciences, \', 1902. Mr. Leng, of the publication committee, read a letter from Dr. Dyar which constituted the report of the committee. Dr. Love stated that as it did not seem advisable to hold a banquet this year he would desire that the committee be discharged, and made a motion to that effect which was carried. Dec.igos] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 219 The President appointed as a committee to nominate officers to be ballotted upon at the next meeting, Messrs. Love, Southwick and Watson. Mr. Weeks advocated the printing in each issue of the Journal a list of the members of the New York and Brooklyn societies and read a communication which he had received from Dr. Dyar in reference to the matter. On motion of Mr. Leng the matter was referred to a committee to investigate the cost of printing such a list and to endeavor, if they saw fit, to raise the funds by subscription. Messrs. Leng, Weeks and Joutel were appointed on this committee. Mr. Groth stated that he desired taken from the table a former tabled motion of his, that the Journal be furnished free to active members in good standing. The discussion was participated in by nearly all of those in attendance, and upon vote the motion was lost. Mr. Leng spoke of the species of Cychnis inhabiting the eastern United States. Afier briefly describing the habits of this genus of Carabida; as living under logs and stones and feeding on snails, and the striking characteristics of the species, their large size, brilliant color, unusual development of the palpi and mouth parts ; he mentioned the special interest recently awakened in these insects by the collections made in the mountains of North Carolina by Beutenmiiller, Beyer, Scliaeffer and Van Dyke ; and in Newfoundland by Genung, in West Virginia by Dr. Love and himself; in Missouri by Mr. Barber, and in the southwest by Prof. Snow; in the District of Columbia by Mr. Schumacker, and on Manhattan Island by Messrs. Davis and Joutel. The point to which Mr. Leng drew special attention was the menning of certain names now lost in synonymy which should be revived before more names are added. Twenty-seven names have so far been proposed, of which four- teen appear in the check-list and two have been proposed since the check-list was printed ; leaving eleven at present in synonymy. Some of these eleven were indi- cated as geographical races in the collection shown by Mr. Leng, notably the following : C. fldinmetts Hald. which is the broader from of ^/^r^rt/z/J occurring in Missouri. C. leonardi Harris which is the smaller form of viduus occurring in the moun- tainous regions of New Nampshire and New York. C. niagarensis which is probably the correct name to apply to those specimens from the middle states commonly called lecontei. All of the names remaining in synonymy should be critically examined and accurately placed. Messrs. Schaeffer, Joutel and other members took part in the discusion that fol- lowed. Mr. Joutel pointed out the character he had observed in all specimens of unicolor Oliv., viz. : a sinuation of the elytral margin about the posterior third. The synonymy of unicolor and heros was also brought out, tinicolor being the older name. Mr. Schaeffer spoke of bicarmatus as found in the Black Mts. and the differences between such specimens and the type from Habersham Co., Ga. Mr. Leng, in reply to a question, expressed the opinion that all our eastern species are reduciiile to three original species from which the existing forms have been evolved by the in- fluence of isolation as indicated by Newman's division into three subgenera, Sphcero- dertis, Scaphinolus and Irichroa. Mr. Southwick on the subject of " Notes on Local Bythosc >! idaeand Cercopidce " 220 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xiii. exhibited many of the eastern species of these two families, gave a list and com- mented on a number of species especially those of economic importance. Meeting of January 3, 1905. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. President C. H. Roberts in the chair and ten members present. The treasurer, Mr. Davis, made his annual report showing that the society had a balance of ^599.04, the Journal fund, $235.66. Total balance January I, I905 was $834.70. Dr. Dyar of the publication committee gave a report in which as editor of the Journal he offered several suggestions in reference to conducting the current volume in order to cut down the expense. Mr. Watson read the nominations of officers for the ensuing year as follows : President — C. H. Roberts. Vice-President — C. W. Leng. Recording and Corresponding Secretary — H. G. Barber. Treasurer — Wm. T. Davis. Librarian — C. Schaeffer. Executive Committee — E. B. Southwick, L. H. Joutel, F. E. Watson, G. Beyer, C. F. Groth. Publication Committee — H. G. Dyar, C. W. Leng, C. Schaeffer, C. T. Brues. On motion of Mr. Kearfott the secretary cast one ballot for the entire ticket as nominated. On motion of Mr. Weeks the society voted to discontinue sending postal card notices of future society meetings. Mr. Roberts exhibited a collection representing the genus Dytisctis and made some remarks on the different species. Meeting of January 17, 1905. Held at the American Museum of Natural History. President C. H. Roberts presided with nine members present. The auditing committee reported that the accounts ot the treasurer had been examined and certified as correct. On motion, Mr. R. L. Ditmars and A. H. Weeks were dropped from member- ship for non-payment of dues. The secretary read a communication from Mr. J. R. de la Torre Bueno request- ing a grant from the Hermann fund to carry on an investigation of the Cryptocerate Hemiptera. The matter was referred to the executive committee. Mr. Davis exhibited several specimens of Gordius worms parasitic in the bodies of various insects. One of these had been taken from the body of a caterpillar {Hentileuca tiiaia). The other, 28 inches in length, came from a body o{ Dytiscits beetle. Mr. Barber exhibited a collection of Hemiptera consisting of the families Core- id;e, Pyrrhocoridie, and Lygceidse, collected by Mr. Schaeffer at Brownsville, Texas and gave some notes on the geographical range of these. Mr. Schaeffer showed some of the rarer Coccinellidae. The members discussed at some length Ignotus (enig»iaticus Slosson. Index To THE Generic and Specific Names of Arthropoda in Volume XIII. Generic names begin with a capital, specific ones with a small initial. aaroni, 136 abalas, 205 abdominalis, 181, 182 abtitchii, 25, 29, 51, 1S6, 18S abserratus, 24 absobrinus, 24, 107 .\canthosoma, 35 acarnea, 194 accius, 133 Achlarus, 1 1 2, 114 Acolastus, 112, 113 Acontia, 207, 208 Acronycta, 189 Acupalpus, 174, 177 acutus, 38, 207 Adoppca, ]24, 125 Aedes, 24 remilia, I16 reneifrons, 30 renus, 136 a;qualis, 38 renigmaticus, 220 a;stiva]is, 25, 51, 54, 187 afranius, 121, 122 Agalliastes, 50 agnata, 200 Agonoderus, 169 agricola, 132 alata, 210 albidus, 46 albifrons, 182, 183 albipennis, 198 albipes, 23 albociliata, 114 albofasciatus, 113 albomarginatus, 122 a]c;tus, 113 alcesta, 196 alcina, 128 aleatoria, 86 alphaeus, 118 alternatus, 30 Alydus, 36 Amblycorypha, 50 Amblyscirtes, 125, 135 americana, 42, 150, 153, 155, 182, 189 americanum, 44 americanus, 43, 48, 217 Amerinus, 170, 177 Amnestus, 31 amorgius, 44, loi Amphizoa, 103 amyntas, II3 Anaclinia, 68 anacosta, 196 analis, 181 Anatrytone, 125, 140 Anasa, 36 anchorage, 34, 167 Andrena, 87 Aneurus, 39 aniluna, 209 Anisops, 46 annulata, 32 annulatus, 50 Anopheles, 23, 108, 186 antennata, 58 antennator, 35 Aplopus, 83, 84 aperta, 58, 59 apiculata, 44 .^1)15, 15, 17, 20 Aplectoides, 191 arabus, 135 Aradus, 58 araxes. III arborea, 31 Archimerus, 35 arctica, 191 arcuata, iio ares, 139 arene, 126 2-2] Journal New York Entomological Society. arizona, 206 arizona?, Ill, 207 arogos, 140 arpa, 139 arufa, 192 aryxna, 141 asperata, 92 assiniboia, 129 associatus, 50 asychis, 119 Atalopedes, 124, 127 ater, 48 atincta, 206 . atra, 29 atratus, 26, 29, 55 atrimedius, 169, 172 atropalpus, 25, 187 atrox, 182 Atrytone, 125, 137 Atrytono]«is, 125, 133 attalus, 130 Ancyloxypha, 124, 126 Aulacostethus, 30 aurantiaca, 126 aurifer, 23 ausonius, 121 autuninalis, 169 axius, 131 Bacunculus, 212 badiipennis, 169, 173 bakeri, 21 1 Banasa, 34 baracoa, 128 barberi, 23, 108 basiplaga, 201 basalis, 48, 180 balabano, 113, 142 bathyllus, 1 15 bellus, 133 Belostoma, 44 Benascus, 44 bestigma, 57 betsia, 199 bialba, 197 bicarnea, 195 bicarinalus, 219 bifurcatus, 22 bilineatus, 31 biinaculata, 138 bimaculatus, 25 binotatus, 48 bipunctata, 30 bipunctatus, 48 bisignata, 42 bivittatus, 60 blatchleyi, 212 Bulla, 116, 119 Bombiis, 15 Bombyx, 15, 20 borealis, 82 brazil iensis, 82 Brethus, 167 brennus, 119 brettus, 128 breviviita, 67 brevoorti, 99 brizo, 121 Brachymena, 31 Bradycellus, 169, 177 Bruchus, 6, 20 Brumus, loi brunnea, 120 Brunneria, 82 Bryophila, 188 buccata, 182 Buenoa, 149 byssus, 139 Cabares, 1 12, 116 cabeius, 1 1 1, 131 Caddo, 97 csesar, 86 cassarea, 1 91 cjespilalis, 1 17 caicus, 115 calcarator, 35, 36 calcaratus, 64 californica, 205 californicus, 49 callidus, 121 Calocoris, 48 calosomum, loi Calotermes, 1 1 Calpodes, 125, 137 calva, 34 campestris, 127 Camptobrochis, 48 canadensis, 25, 187 canaliculatus, 41 cancer, 24, 27, 53, loJ Candida, 196 cantans, 25, 51, 187 cantator, 25, 28, 187 Canlhophorus, 31 capilaris, 48 Capsus, 48 Carabus, 99 carnifex, 34 Carolina, I32 carus, 126 cassus, 136 Catia, 124, 129 Catullus, 120 caudellii, 63 j ceos, 119 Indf.x. 223 celia, 134 Cellia, 23 Celotes, 116, 119 cellus, 114 centaurere, XI7 Ceratopogon, 59 cernes, 128 Ceriira, 1 10 Ceroplatus, 69 cestus, 134 Chrerophon, 1 24, 125 Chariesterus, 35 Chasmatonotus, 66 childreni, lOl Chironomus, 71 Chiomara, 116, 1 19 Chorizagrotis, 194 chusca. III, 128 Cicindela, ico, loi, 168 ciliata, 23 cinereoborealis, 24 cinctipes, 31, 64 cinctus, 31 cinnamomeus, 38 circumcinctus, 104 clitus, 122 Coccieus, 98, 112, 115 Crenus, 33 cofaqui, 141 Cogia, 112, 114 cognatus, 171 Col las, 100 Collaria, 48 coloradensis, 141 colorauo, 129 Columbia, 129 comma, 129 comus, 134 Conaconlia, 207 condita, 193 coiiformis, 40, 173 confirmatus, 25, 186, 188 congrex, 49 Conochares, 207 consantanea, 100 consobrina, i consobrinus, 24, 26, 107 conspersus, 37 convexipeniiis, 206 Copreodes, 1 24, 1 26 coras, 127 Corimelrena, 29 Corizus, 37 Corynocoiis, 35 Cosmopepla, 34, loi Cotalpa, I coxalis, 68 Crambodes, 205 cretata, 2X1 croceicollis, iSo crucians, 23, 1 86 cruenta, 99 Cucullia, 20^5 Culex, 23, 51, 55, 74, 107 Culicelsa, 186, 188 Culiseta, 107 cunaxa. 127 cuniculi, 181 curriei, 25, 28,^54, 62, 1S7 curvatula, IIO custator, 34 cuta, 211 Cuterebra, 1 81 cyanescens, 55 Cybister, 103 Cychrus, 99, lOO, 219 Cydnus, 31 Cylas, x6S cynicus, 35 Cyrtomenus, 31 dactylina, 189 Dalla, 123 dara, 1 40 daunus, 1x5 dauricus, X04 decolor, 49 Deinocerites, 24, 53, xo8 delaware, 140 delius, 5:i Dendroctonus, 5> -O deiivera, X89 Derasocoris, 48 deva, 1^2 Diamesa, 7X Diapheromera, 2x2 Dichrooscylus, 49 Dichirotrichus, X7X dichrous, 169 Dicranomyia, 56 Dicranura, Xio Dicyphus, 49 Diommatus, 49 dion, X39 dimidiata, 34 dimidata, 208 discolor, 23, xo8, 193 dissimilis, xxo distans, X02 divergens, 57 domicella, XI7 dorantes, XX3 doius, 113 Doryphora, X3 . draco, X28 Drepana, 1 10 224 Journal Nk.w York Entomological Socikty. druryi, 1 29 drusius, 1 15 dubius, 30 dupreei, 24, 187 dyari, 25 Dytiscus, 103, 220 Eantis, I16, 1 19 edwardsii, 126 eldora, 189 elegans, 46, 49 elegantula, 21 1 elevatus, loo, 219 elissa, 135 Emesa, 102 Elmis, 15 Encyrtus, 15 eos, 136 Epargyreus, 112, 1 14 epigena, 1 15 epigona, 1 15 Epiphyes, 125, 132 Episcopus, 49 ericetoium, 1 17 erosa, 39 errans, 140 Erynnis, 124, 129 ethlius, 137 Eudanuis, 112, 113 eudryada, 210 eufala, 138 eunus, 125 Eupliyes, 125, 13S eurinus, 36 Eurygaster, 30 Euschemon, 98 Euschistus, 33 Euthocta, 36 Euxoa, 194, 195 evadne, 99 exadeus, I 14 exhilarata, 199 Exochromus, loo expolita, 209 extensa, 203 fdbricii, 163 falcataria, no fales, 192 fartus, 85 fasciata, 24, 54, 182, 181. fascipennis, 66 fasciventiis, 104 Feltidia, 55 femoratus, 43 ferricola, 203 ferrugineum, loi fieurata, 21 1 filicis, 48 fimbriolatus, 105 . Fishia, 199 fissilis, 33 fitchii, 25, 51, 186, 1.^8 flammeus, 219 flavida, 2, 3 florida?, 138 flavistriga, 204 flavonotatus, 48 flavoniger, 60 flexuosa, 96 flumineum, 44 fontinella, 182 formicarius, 168 franciscanus, 23 fraternus, 50 funeralis, 122 fusca, 45. 135 fuscipennis, 67 fuscipes, 168, 217 I fuscus, 24 I fusicornis, 63 ■ gagatina, 179 ] galeator, 36 ; Galgulus, 43 ! garita, 126 I Gelastocoris, 43, 217 I generosa, ico I Gerris, 40 gesta, 119 I gibber, 60 , gilvus, 62 ' Glaphyroptera, 68 ; glaucopis, 97 I Glycerius, 170, 174, 177 i gnata, 2CO ! Gnophomyia, 58 I goniphorus, 48 ; Grabhamia, 24, 54, ic8, 185 : Giais, 1 16, 119 ' granicollis, 2, 4 ' griseus, 44 i ' Hadenella, 205 halineli, 116 I Ilalobates, 167 Hallicus, 49 ; Haplopus 83, 99 [ Haimostes, 37 • harpalus, in, 132 : Harpalus. 169 I harrisii, 105 ■ hastiilifera, 189 i Hebrus, 42 ; hegon, 134 1 Heliopetes, 116, 117 Index. 99." helopioides, 29 Hemileuca, 220 heros, 219 hesperius, 41 Hesperopsis, 1 1 6, 1 18 hesus, 114 Heterobrenthus, 102 Heteropia, 1 12, 1 14 heteropus, 66 hianna, 133 hilaris, 34 liippalus, 114 llippodamia, 6 Hippolyte, 96 hirsuteron, 22 histeroides, 30 . histrio, 182 hobomok, 137 Homctmus, 30 horatius, 122 horripilum, 181 howardi, 23, 136, 15 1 Howardina, 23 humeralis, 34 hyalina, 68 hyalinus, 67 riyaliodes, 49 hybridus, 104 Hydronieta, 39 Hydrionietra, 102 Hygrotrechus. 40 hylax, 126 Hylej)hila, 1 24, 127 Hylotoma, 15 Hymenarcys, ^t, icelus, 121 idaho, 129 idas, 113 Ignotus, 220 inibuna, 20I imperita, 192 impiger, 24, 27, 187 impressa, 163 incidens, 24, 55, 107 inconspicuus, 108, 1 88 indica, 150 insertus, 34 insignis, 48 insinuata, 205 instabilis, 48 insulata, 46, 162 intermedius, 176 interruptus, 20S invitus, 48 Irichroa, 219 irrorata, 4*^, 159 iseiyi, 50 Jalysus, 37 jamaicensis, 24 Janthinosonia, 24 juba, 130 juncimacula, 200 juniperi, 49 juvenalis, 122 Kentrochrysalis, 1 10 kirbyi, 172 kirkaldyi, 45 klugii, J 58 knabi, 69 lacertinaria, 1 10 lagus, 140 lanigera, 2 Largus, 37 lasus, 130 latifrons, 1 82 lateralis, 35, 37 laurentina, 129 laviana, II7 lazarensis, 25, 51, ro8, 1S7 leconiei, 219 Lejomya, 68 Lejosoma, 68 lena, 1 18 leonardi, 219 leonardus, 130 lepida, loi lepivora, 182 Leptinotarsa, 1 1 l,eptocircus, 98 Leptoglossus, 36 I.eptura, 99 lepusculi, 182 Lerema, 125, 133 Lerodea, 125, 137 l.eucania, 203 libya, 1 18 licinus, 131 lilea, 113 lilius, 121 limbolarius, 32 Limnobates, 39, 167 Limnobia, 57 Limochroes, 125, 13S Limnophila, 58 Lina, 13 linearis, 170 lineata, 39, 17 lineatus, 48 Lioderma, 32 I.iotropis, 34 llano, 119 loammi, 138 22() Journal New York Entomological Society. lunvii, 23 longilabris, loo, 168 longipes, 102 longleyi, 1 26 Lopidea, 48 I.ucilia, 86 luciliiis, 121 lugeiis, j2 ^ lugubiis 38 lunus, 133 I.uperina, 203 lutea, 160 Lycus, 15 lycidas, 1 14 I-ygus, 48 macaira, II7 macareus, 134 maculata, 138 niaculicosta, 57 maculipeniiis, 23, 64 maculiventris, 35 meander, 99 magiiiijenni.s, 24, 107 magnus, 61 maia, 220 Mamestra, 199 manitoba, 129 inanitoboides, 130 manataaqua, 139 inardon, 128 Marela, 9S marginalis, 104 marginatus, 40, 70 iiiarginicollis, 104 inaiginipennis, lOO marmoratus, 30 martialis, 121 martini, 39, 102 massasoit, 137 Mastor, 125, 133 mayeri, 83 media, 48 Megarhinus, 23, 108 Megathymus, 141 meilleurii, 48 mejicanus, 120 Meladerma, 103 melane, 137 melanthes, 1 16, 120 Melanoconion, 26, 55 Melan(i])lus, 15 melanurus, 26, 28 niellilica, 15 Melolontha, 12 melon, l!4 menecles, 34 meridionalis, 133 mescens, 153 meskei, 131 mesogramma, 127 mesovelia, 42 metacomet, 138 metapodius, 36 metea, 130 Metriocnemus, 69 Metrobates, 41 mexicana, 116, 158 Microporus, 31 micropterus, 84 microsticta, 124 Microvelia, 42 milo, III, 132 Mineus, 34 minutus, 71 Mionecles, 98 mirabilis, 31 Miris, 48 miripes, 65 Misumena, 85 mitchelia;, 74, 1S5, 187 modestus, 35 molophilus, 58 Monachus, 48 Monalocoris, 48 monilicornis, 63 Mononyx, 168, 217 Mononychus, 7 montamv, 206 montezuma, 162 montivaga, 1 18 morrisonii, 129 moris, 81 Mormidea, 32 mulsanti, 42 Murgaria, 98, 112, 114 musicum, 24 muticus, 37 Mycetophila, 68 mysie, 115 Mysis, 96 mystic, 128 nrevius, 121 nanno, 135 napa, 132 Nascus, 112, 114 nebulosus, 48, 169 Neides, 37 nemorum, 132 Neographyroptera, 68 Nepa, 44 nepjtformis, 168, 217 nereus, 134 nero, 139 Nerthra, 168, 217 IXDKX. 227 nervosa, 23 nessus, 1 19 neumrt'geni, I4I Neurocolpus, 48 Neuroctenus, 38 nevada, 129 Nezara, 34 niagarensis, 219 niger, 38 nigrinus, 169, 173 nigripes, 22 niticia, 1S2 nitiduloides, 30 nitidus, 58, 175 niveitarsus, 22 Noctiia, 194 Notonecta, 45, 143, 149 iiubifer, 61, 66 nubilus, 48 nugatis, 200 numitor, 1 26 nysa, 136 obesa, 42 obliquus, 31 obscura, 71, 1S9 obscurum, 44 obscurus, 50 obtusus, 176 Ochlodes, 124, 13 1 ocola, 139 oculatus, 43, 48, 217 odilia, 135 (Ebalus, 33 olivacea, 203 olivalis, 194 Oncocnemis, 211 onondagensis, 22 onustus, 91 Onychumenus, 49 opacicollis, 179 oppositus, 36 Oarisma, 124, 126 Oregon a, i 30 ornata, 159 ornatus, 49 Orneates, 98 Ornithoptera, 98 Orrhodia, 205 Orthops, 49 oslari, 136 osyka, 138 ottie, 131 outis, 115 Ozognathus, 14, 20 pabulinus, 48 pacuvius, 122 Padraona, 125, 140 Palremon, 96 palasmon, 123 palatka, 139 pallipennis, 196 pallipes, 153 Palmodes, 81 Pamphila, in, 123 Pang£eus, 31 panoquin, I 39 panoquinoides, 1^0 Paratrytone, 125, 136 parvulus, 104 pawnee, 130 peckius, 127 Pelobius, 103 Pelocoris, 43 Pelogonus, 43, 217 Pelopterus, 168 pennsylvanica, 34 Pentatoma, 32 Peranabriis, 74 pergentilis, 205 Peribalus, 32 Perigea, 204 pernigra, 1 21 perolivalis, 194 persius, 121 perturbans, 23 petronius, 122 Phredinus, 112, 115 philetas, 1 18 philodice, 100 Phocides, 112 Pholisora, 116, 120 Phycanassa, 125, 137 phylace, 133 phylKus, 127 Phymata, 39 Phytocoris, 48 pictus, 41, 60 Pieris, 100 pilosuliis, 36 pipiens, 26 pirus, 124 pitlacus, 133 Pl?ea, loi Plagiognathus, 50 plautus, 122 plastographus, 5 platycnemus, 46 Plea, 47 Plestia, 98, 112, 113 pluripunctata, 179 pleuritica, 199 Pneumaculex, 54, 108 Poanes, 125, 137 Podisus, 35 228 Journal New V'ork Entomological Society Podops, 30 Pceciloscytus, 48 polingii, 124 polka, 182 Polites, 124, 127 politus, 39, ^2' 50. 176 polypheinus, 109 poiUiac, 109 populi, 190 portoricensis, 23, 108 potrillo, 116 powescheik, 127 pratensis, 48 pratincola, 132 Prenes, 125, 139 pressa, 193 pretans, 25, 187 procris, 126 propertius, 122 Proteides, 112, 113 proteus, 113, 142 pruinosus, 59 Psallus, 49 Psorophora, 23 puella, 48 pugnax, ^^ pulchella, 42, 180 pulicaria, 30 pullatus, 25, 51, 187 pi ma, 209 pulverulenta, 119 punctata, 153 ]juncticollis, 2, 4 ])unctipennis, 23 punctor, 24, 186, 187 purpurea, 1 00 purpurissata, 200 Pyciioderes, 48 Pyrgus, 116, 1 18 py lades, 115 Pyrrhopyga, 1 1 1 Pyrrhopygopsis, 98 python, 134 c|uadridentata, 45, 194 quadriplaga, 210 quadripustulata, 32 (jainquespinosus, 37 rapw, 100 Raphidia, 15 rapidus, 48 Ranatra, 45 reflexulus, 37 remigis, 40 repanda, 100 reptans, 51, 107 resplendens, 180 restuans, 25 retardata, 191 Rhabdoides, 1 12, 1 14 Rhagovelia, 42 rhesus, 126 Rheumatobates, 41 Rhizagrotis, 194 Rhypholopus, 57 rileyi, 41 robusta, 179, 180 robustus, 38 rufoscutellatus, 41 rugosa, 163 rugifrons, 1 00 Runcinia, 86 rupestris, 171 ruptofasciatus, 1 19 ruricola, 13 1 rutilus, 23 sabuleti, 128 salinarius, 26 Saperda, 16S sappharina, 23 Sarcophaga, 69 sarracenire, 69 sassacus, 132 saucia, 32 scaber, 62 scabricollis, 74, 84 Scaphinotus, 219 Scelothrix, 1 16, 117 Sciophila, 67 scriptura, 117 scutellatus, 49 scutellaris, 181 scudderi, 136 secutor, 26 sedata, 209 segregata, 197 segusimus, 48 Sehirus, 31 semivittala, 32 senilis, 32 seplentrionalis, loi sericeus, 48 serratus, 24 servus, 33 sejitentrionalis, 39 setipes, 59 shooterii, 16 1 signifei, 23, 54, 108 signipennis, 24, 55, 56 similana, 190 similis, 38, 171, 182 simius, 136 simplex, 38, 67 simplicia, 211 Index. 229 siinplicius, II3 simulans, 179, 1 80 sinuosus, 65 siphonalis, 25 siris, 128 slossonre, 61 Smerinthus, 1 10 smithii, 23, 53, 69 snowi, 132 socialis, 23 sollicitans, 25, 187 somnus, 12 1 sotnia, 195 speciosa, 191 sperata, 1 90 speratina, 190 Sphceroderus, 219 spinifrons, 3 1 spinosus, 37 Spirobolus, 70 squamiger, 22, 187 stagnorum, 39 Staphylus, 1 16 Statira, 179 Stegomyia, 54 Stenolophus, 169, 174, 177 Slenotus, 48 Stephania, 41 sterilator, 182 stigma, 128 stigmaticus, 1 19 Stiphrosoma, 49 Stiretrus, 34 Stomyles, 125, 134 streckeri, iio, 139, 141 strigipes, 34 striola, 47, lOl stygica, 49, 168, 217 suavis, 50 subaptera, 83 subcribrata, 2, 3 sublimbatus, 104 subnitida, 179 succinctus, 37 sulcatus, 40 sylvanoides, 128 sylvestris, 24 syrichtus, II7 Systacea, 116, 1 19 Systratiotus, 48 Tachycellus, 169, 17.-', 177 T?eniorhynchus, 23 treniorhynchus, 25, 188 Tanypus, 65 tarsalis, 26, 55 tatius, 122 taxiles, 137 testaceus, 22 Telea, 109 Telegonus, 1 1 2, lib tenebrosa, 182, 185 tenebrosus, 64, 66 tenuescens, 212 tepida, 206 terentius, 121 terminalis, 36, 69 terrealis, 194 terrisona, 1 82 territans, 26 tesellata, 1 18 testaceum, 44 Tetyra, 30 texana, 204 textor, 134 Thalassoniyia, 71 Thalpochares, 207 Thanaos, 1 1 6, 1 20 Theobaldia, 55, 107 Thespieus, 1 25, 134 Thomisus, 85, 91 Thorybes, 1 12, 1 15 thraso, 1 19 Thyanta, 34 Thymalus, 14, 20 Thymelicus, 124, 127 tibialis, 169 tibullus, 122 tityrus, 1 14, 142 Tomicus, 5, 19 towsendi, 82 Trachelizus, 102 Tripobates, 41 Tribohum, 10 1 Trichocellus, 171, 177 Trichopepia, 32 trichurus, 24, 51, 109, 187 Tricyphona, 59 trigona, 204 trivittatus, 25 Timochares, 1 1 6, 119 tristis, 36, 122 triseriatus, 24, 108, 187 tristigmus, ^;i trivittatus, 187 tufa, 199 turbatus, 170, 173 typh?eus, 35 uhleri, 32, 46, 49, 157 uliginosa, 202 uncimanus, 102 undulata, 45, 152, 155 unicolor, 29, 65, 160, 219 unifasciata, 150 unkas, 1 30 230 Journal Nkw York Entomological Society, urania, 1 13 Uranota'nia, 23 ursina, 2, 4 ursiis, 141 valens, 5 variabilis, 45, 153, 155 variegatus, 217 variolarius, ^;i varipalpus, 25, 54^ 187 varipes, 24 vasseleti, 102 Vasseletia, 102 Vates, 83 vatia, 85 verna, 1 38 verus, 132 verticalis, 104 vexatus, 104 vialis, 135 viator, 137 vibex, 128 vicina, 20I vicinus, 217 viduus, 100, 219 vieliei, 212 vierecki, 133 vineta, 199 viridis, 1 30 viridimedia, 188 vittata, 25 * vitellius, 140 vitrea, 68 viiripennis, 49 vulgaris, 100 vulpeculus, 169 walkeri, 23, 27 waltlii, 71 wolffii, 39 wrightii, 125 wullersterfi, 167 Wyeomyia, 23, 53, 69 xanthus, 1 17 Xylina, 206 yehl, 139 yucca;, 141 yuma, III, 1 31 zabulon, 1 37 Zaitha, 44 zembla, 198 zestos, 114 zilpa, 113 ERRATA ET ADDENDA. Page 145, lines 8 and 25, for " s//tw/eri'' read shooterii. Page 151, last line, add Type No. 8327, U. S. National Museum. Page 152, line 20, for " Riiyncholographieen," etc., read Rhynchotograpliieen Abh. Vohm. Ges. Wiss. (5), vol. vii, p. 479. Page 155, line 35, for " Maxicuche" read Maxincuche. Page 158, line 28, dele " Fort Collins, Colorado." Page 159, line 15, add "Ms." Page 160, line 22, for " Lieb." read Fiei). June, 1905.] - List of Members. i LIST OF ACTIVE MEMBERS OF THE NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN ENTOMO- LOGICAL SOCIETIES.* Aaron, Eugene. B. Ahlstrand, Alfred T. , No. 1103 Pacific St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Ashmead, Wm. H., D.Sc, U. S. Nat. Museum, Washington, T). C. Hymenoptera and Khynchota. B. Barber, H. G., 241 W. 135th St., N. Y. City. Heteroptera-Hemiptera. N., B. Becker, Edward, 343 Central Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Benedict, C. P., Manor Road, West New Brighton, N. Y. General Entomology. N. Bennett, Howard, 37 Stewart St., Brooklyn, N. Y. B. Best, Lyman A., 748 Carroll St., Brooklyn, N. Y. General Entomology. B. Beutenmiiller, Wm., American Mus. Nat. Hist., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N., B. Beyer, Gustav, 51 1 E. 117th St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N., B. Billings, Geo. A., College Farm, New Brunswick, N. J. N. Bird, Henry, Rye, N. Y. Lepidoptera. N. Bremser, Eugene A., 329 Riverdale Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Lepidoptera. N., B. Browning, Mrs. W. H., 18 W. 54th St., N. Y. City. N. Brues, Charles T., Paris, Texas. Diptera and Hymenoptera. N. Bueno, J. R. de la Torre, 25 Broad St., N. Y. City. Rhynchota, especially Crypto- cerata. N. Call, Richard E., Ph.D., 123S Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y., Cave Insects, Para- sitic Hymenoptera. N., B. Camman, D. M., M.D., 19 E. 33d St., N. Y. City. N. Casey, Thomas L., Major U. S. A., 1419 K St., N. W., Washington, D. C. P. O. Dr., 71, St. Louis, Mo. Coleoptera. B. Childs, John Lewis, Floral Park, Long Island, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Chittenden, Frank H., U. S. Dept. Agriculture, Div. of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Coleoptera. B. Comstock, William P., 460 W. 150th St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N. Coquillett, D. W., U. S. Dept. Agriculture, Div. of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Diptera. B. Cramer, A. W. Putman, 142 W. S7th St., N. Y. City. B. Daecke, V, A. Erich, 806 Walnut St., Phila., Pa. General collection, especially Diptera. N. Davis, Wm. T. , 46 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighton, Staten Lsland, N. Y. General collection, especially Orthoptera and Odonata. N., B. * " N." denotes membership in the N. Y. Entomological Society ; " B." mem- bership in the Brooklyn Society, and " N., B." membership in both societies. ii List of Members. L'^'oI. xiii. Dederer, Otto, 262 Reid Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. B. Dickerson, Edgar L. , Experiment Station, Xew Brunswick, N. J. B. Ditmars, R. L., 1666 Bathgate Ave., N. Y. City. N. Doll, Jacob, Museu:n Brooklyn Institute of Arts and .Sciences, Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. N., B. Dyar, Harrison G., Pli.D., U. S. National Museum, Washington, D, C. Lepi- doptera. Larva; of Mosquitoes. N. Engelhardt, George P., 1S5 Brooklyn Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Economic Ento- mology. N., B. Erb, Herman J., 536 Blum Place, Union Hill, N. J. Lepidoptera (Catocala Sphingidce). N. Ericson, Laurence, 155 Rogers Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. B. Fillion, Francis, loi Green St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera, Diptera. N. Franck, George, 1040 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, X. Y. General Entomology. N.,B. Fulda, Carl, M.D., 1096 Halsey St., Brooklyn. Lepidoptera. B. Funk, Albert, Middle Village, Long Island, N. Y. B. Goeben, Ferdinand, 464 Atlantic .Avenue, Brooklyn. Lepidoptera. B. Goldhorn, Ludwig B., Bellevue Hospital, Medical College. Diseases of Lepidop- terous Larva;. B. Graef, Edward L., 58 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. N., B. Green, F. V., ill Chambers St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N. Groth, C. F., 141 E. 40th St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera (Papilio), Hymenoptera. N. Harding, Prof. Frank F., 715 Greene .\venue, Brooklyn, N. Y. B. Harris, Edw. D., 280 Broadway, N. Y. City. Coleoptera (Cicindelidae). N. Hebard, Morgan, Chestnut Hill, Pa. Orthoptera. N. Holms, Dr. Frank W. , 2 Riverview Terrace, N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N. Hoover, Walter W., 8609 Germantown Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Economic Entomology. B. Hug, Herman, 319 Hudson St., Hoboken, N. J. Lepidoptera. N. Janvrin, E. R. P., 191 Madison Avenue, N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N. Johnson, Prof. W. G., 52 Lafayette Place, N. Y. City. Economic Entomology. N. Joutel, L. H., 164 E. 117th St., N. Y. City. Entomological Drawings. N., B. Junor, Kenneth F. , Dr., 458 E. 29th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Diptera (Mosquitoes). B. Kalbert, John, l8i Russell St., Brooklyn, X. Y. B. Kearfott, W. D., 95 Liberty St., X''. Y. City. Microlepidoptera, esp. Tortricids. N., B. Kirschmann, Christopher, Glendaie Station, Long Island, X^. Y. B. Kudlich, Hermann F., M.D., 153 W. 2lst St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. X. Ladd, Neil M., 471 Lafayette Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y. B. June, 1905.] List of Members. iii Lagai, Geo., Ph.D., care of Kny, Scheerer Co., 225-233 Fourth Avenue, N. Y. City. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera. N. Landrock, John, 61 Second St., Hoboken, N. J. Lepidoptera. B. Langman, G., M.D., 121 W, 57th St., N. Y. City. N. Lehsten, Erich E., Grant Ave., Grantwood, N. J. Lepidoptera. N. Leng, Charles W., B.S., 93 Reade St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N., B. Love, E. G., Ph.D., 80 E. 55th St., N. Y. City. General Collection. N., B. Martin, Charles, J-, 38 Essex St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. B. Mead, Marion H., 382 River Drive, Passaic, N. J. B. Meitzen, Julius, 525 Linvs^ood St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Coleoptera. N. Miiller, Hermann A., 135 Cornelia St., Brooklyn. Lepidoptera. B. Munsch, Louis T., 1060 2d Ave., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N. Myers, Charles, 2244 Hughes Ave., N. Y. City. N., B. Ottolengui, Rodrigues, Dr., 80 W. 40th St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera (Noctuidce). N., B. Palm, Charles, 172 E. 64th St., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N. Pearsall, Richard F., 1334 Dean St., Brooklyn, N. Y, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. B. Prime, Wm. C, M.D., Huntington, Long Island, N. Y. N. Richardson, Roy S., Ph.M., 387 A MacDonough St., Brooklyn, N. Y. General Entomology. N., B. Riederer, L., 251 W. 95th St., N. Y. City. N. Roberts, Chris. H., D.Sc. , 10 Washington Place, N. Y. City. Aquatic Coleoptera. N., B. Romani, Albert S., 909 Hancock St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Schaeffer, C, Museum of Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Eastern Park- way, Brooklyn, N. Y. Coleoptera. N. , B. Schaus, William, Trentham House, Twickenham, Eng. Lepidoptera. N. Schwarz, E. A., U. S. Department of Agriculture, Div. of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Coleoptera. B. Schwenke, William, 48 Weirfield St., Brooklyn, N. Y. B. Seifert, Otto, 540 E. 84th St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N., B. Sherman, John B., Jr., 390 Halsey St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Dytiscidse. B. Shoemaker, Ernest, 32 Nassau St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. B. Slosson, Mrs. Annie Trumbull, 38 E. 23d St., N, Y. City. Lepidoptera. N., B. Smith, John B:, D.Sc, New Brunswick, N. J. Lepidoptera, Noctuidce. B. Smyth, Ellison, A., Jr., Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Lepidoptera (Papilioninoe and Sphingidte). N. Snyder, Charles E., 2140 Prospect Ave., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N. South wick, Edmund B., Ph.D., 206 W. 83d St., N. Y. City. Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. N. iv List of Members. [Voi. xiii. Steinbrecher, John F., 327 Ralph St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Sunderland, Chas. H., 94 W. Passaic Ave., Rutherford, N. J. Lepidoptera. N. Wasmuth, William, 501 Chestnut St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera. B. Watson, Frank E., 972 E. i68th St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N., B. Weeks, Archibald, C. , B.S., L.L.B., 30 Broad St., N. Y. City. General collec tion, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. N., B. Weiss, Michael, Middle Village, Long Island, N. Y. B. Wood, William, C, 51 5th Ave., N. Y. City. Coleoptera. N., B. Wunder, Charles, 500 E. 83d St., N. Y. City. Lepidoptera. N. Zabriskie, Rev. Jeremiah L., 28 Regent Place, Flatlmsh Station, Brooklyn, N. Y. Coleoptera, Hymenoptera. N., B. Joiirn. iV. y. Eiif. Soc. Vol. XIII. PL I. Tlie Coulee Cricket. Joiirn. N. V. Eiit. Soc. Vol. XIII. PL II. The Coulee Cricket. /oiiDi. N. y. F.iit. Soc. Vol. XIII. J' I. III. United States Mantids. Journ. N. Y. Eiit. Soc. Vol. XIII. PI. II i 5' 6 Genitalia of Mosquitoes. Joiini. N. Y. F.iit. Soc. ]'ol. Mil. /v. V. 10 ' 11 Genitalia of Mosquitoes. Jouni. N. Y. E)it. Soc. Vol. XI n. PL VI. Metriocnemus knabi Coq. foiini. N. Y. Eiit. Soc. Vol. Xni. PL VII. E L Beutenmuller Notonecta of North America. Joiini. X. v. Ent. Sot JW. Xin. PI. VIII. Genitalia of Mosquitoes. THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Organized June 29, 1892. — Incorporated June 7, 1893. The meetings of the Society are held on the first and third Tuesday of each month (except June, July, August and September) at 8 p. M., in the American Museum of Natural History, 77th Street and Eighth Ave. Annual dues for Active Members, ^3.00. Members of the Society w^ill please remit their annual dues, payable in January, to the treasurer. Offieeps fot* the Year 1905. President, C H. ROBERTS . .... 74 \V. 119th Street, New York. Vice-Fresideut, CHAS. W. LENG 93 Reade Street, New York, Treasurer, WM. T. DAVIS 46 Stuyvesant Place, New Brighto Staten Island, N. Y. Rec. Secretary H. G. BARBER 241 West 135th Street, New York. Cor. Secretary, ) Librariav,(Z SCH/VEFFER Museum, Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn N. Y. EXECUTIWE COMMITTEE. E. B. SouTHwicK, L. II. J(n lEL, C. F. Groth, F. E. Waison, G. Bkyf.r. PUBLICA TION COMMITTEE. Hakkiso.n G. Dvak, C. Schakffer, C. \V. Lkn>;, F'. G. Love. AUDITING COMMITTEE. H. G. Barber, C. Sm aei kek, E. B. Southwick. FIELD COMMITTEE. \Vm. T. Davis, J- R- de la Torre Bueno. DELEGA TES TO THE SCIEXTIFIC ALLIANCE. E. G. Love, C. F". Groth, C. H. Roberts. Pt^ICE LIST OF Entomological Publications For Sale by the New York En torn, logical Society. LiNELL, Martin L. A short review of the Chrysomelas of North America. ^» 5 pp. 15c. Casey, Thos. L. Studies 'in Ptittidae, Cioidse, and Sphitididse of America. V 32 pp. 75c. A revision of the North American C<^ccinellidje. 98 pp. $1.50. Review of the American Corylophid§e, Cryptophagidse, Trito- midae and Dermestidae, with other studies. (Cuts) 12 pp. $2.00. Fall, H. C. Synopsis of the species of Acmseodera of America, north of Mexico. 36 pp. 90c. Leng, Charles W. Notes on Coccinellidae, I, II. 3IPP-.3P1- $i-oo- ScHAEFFER, C. Synopsis of the Species of Trechus, with descrip- tion of a new species. 4 pp., i pi. 20c. Fox, William J. Synopsis of the species of Nysson, inhabiting America north of Mexico. 7 pp. 20c. CoQUiLLETT, D. W. Synopsis of the dipterous genus Symphono- myia. 4 pp. loc. Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae. 6 pp. 15c. Neumoegen and Dyar. A preliminary revision of the Bombyces of America north of Mexico. $i-50. Dyar, Harrison G. A review of the North American species of Pronuba and Prodoxus. 3 pp. loc. A revision of the Hesperiidse of the United States. 32 pp. 60c. Kearfott, W. D. Revision of the North American species of the genus Choreutis. 20 pp. 50c. Caudell, a. N. The genus Sinea of Amyot and Serville. II pp., I pi. 35c. BuENO, J. T. DE LA T. The Genus Notonecta in America North of Mexico. 24 pp., I pi. 60c. The above papers will be sent on receipt of price by CHAf?lAES SCHflEFFEt^, Librarian New York Entomological Society, Brooklyn (Tiuseunn, Eastern Parkujay, BROOKLiVrl, rl. Y. 145 5 M iiiiiiif liiilll' SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES 3 9088 00833 6208 i^^^l BmiSffifv T| { ''>■'. 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