JLu2jt£f^ f^K^T ^ JOURNAL CF THE NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY ^jeujcrtjcd tor '^MtomoXoQ^ in dSetxeval Voltame XXIII, 1915 NEW YORK Published by the Society Quarterly 1915 JdBRAKL CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXIII Aldrich, J. M., The Deer Bot-Flies (Genus Cephenomyia) I45 Banks, Nathan, Notes on Some Virginian Species of Platypeza 213 Brues, Charles T., Some New Phorida" from Java 1 84 Davis, Wm. T., Notes on Some Cicadas from Eastern and Central United States, with a Description of a New Variety of Cicada Pruinosa i New species of Cicadas from California and Utah 11 List of Orthoptera Collected in Northern Florida in 1914 for the American Museum of Natural History, with De- scriptions of New Species 91 A New Variety of Cicada Resembling C. Dorsata 161 A New Cicada from Arizona 239 Felt, E. P., .New Asian Gall Midges 173 GiRAULT, A. A., New Genera of Chalcidoid Hymenoptera 165 Two New Species of Arrhenophagus with Remarks 241 Harris, J. Arthur, On Differential Incidence of the Beetle Bruchus 242 Hebard, Morgan, The American Species of Miogryllus loi Hood, J. Douglas and Williams, C. B., New Thysanoptera from Florida and Louisiana 121 Leonard, M. D., The Immature Stages of Plagiognathus Politus and Campy- lomma Verbasci 193 Leng, Charles W. and Shoemaker, Ernest, A New Genus and Species of Lampyridse 55 iii iv Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°^- xxiii, Lloyd, J. T., Notes on Astenophylax Argus 57 Notes on the Immature Stages of Some New York Tri- choptera 201 OsuuRN, Raymund C, Studies in Syrphidae — IV. Species of Eristalis New to America, with Notes on Others 139 SCHAEFFER, ChARLES, New Coleoptera and Miscellaneous Notes — II 47 New Coleoptera and Miscellaneous Notes — III 235 Slosson, Annie Trumbull, A Few Memories 85 Townsend, Charles H. T., New Masiceratidse and Dexiidse from South America .... 61 New Western and Southwestern Muscoidea 216 Van Duzee, E. P., A Preliminary Review of the West Coast Cicadidae 21 Woodruff, Lewis B., A New Membracid from New York 44 Miscellaneous Notes 68, 1 50, 197, 253 Proceedings of the New York Entomological Society . ..71, 154, 198 Vol. XXIII. No. I. JOU RN AL OF THE NEW YORK Entomological Society DcvoteD to ^Entomolog^ in (3eneraL MARCH, 1915. Publication Committee. Charles Schaeffer. F. E. Lutz w. p. comstock. l. b. woodru Publislneci Quarterly by the Society. LANCASTER, PA. NEW YORK CITY. 1915- [Entered April 21, 1904, at Lancaster, Pa., as second-class matter, under Act of Congress of July 16, 1894. 1 THE NEW ERA PRINT COiVTEIMTS. Notes on Some Cicadas from the Eastern and Central United States, with a Description of a New Variety of Cicada Pruinosa. By Wm. T. Davis . . i New Species of Cicadas from California and Utah. By Wm. T. Davis . ... n A Preliminary Review of the West Coast Cicadidse. By E. P. Van Duzee . . 21 A New Membracid from New York. By Lewis B. Woodruff 44 New Coleoptera and Miscellaneous Notes. By Charles Schaeffer .... 47 A New Genus and Species of Lampyridae. By Charles W. Leng and Ernest Shoemaker ...... . . 55 Notes on Astenophy lax Argus Harris . By J. T. Lloyd 57 New Masiceratidae and Dexiidae from South America. By Charles H. T. TOWNSEND 61 Miscellaneous Notes 68 Proceedings of the New York Entomological Society . 71 JOURNAL OF THE Vol. XXIII. MARCH, 1915. No. 1. NOTES ON SOME CICADAS FROM THE EASTERN AND CENTRAL UNITED STATES WITH A DE- SCRIPTION OF A NEW VARIETY OF CICADA PRUINOSA.i By Wm. T. Davis, New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. Under the name RiJiana grossa Fahricms, W. L. Distant in his Synonymic Catalogue of Homoptera, Part I, Cicadidse, London, 1906, includes as synonyms Cicada marginata Say (1825), Cicada ■auletes Germar (1834), Cicada resh Haldeman (1852), Cicada sonora Walker (1850), Cicada rcsonans Walker (1850), Fidicina literata Walker (1850), Cicada marginalis Walker (1852) and Fidicina figitrafa Walker (18=8). In using the specific name grossa for the largest cicada in the eastern United States Distant follows the synonymy suggested by Prof. Uhler in 1905. It appears to the present author, however, after going over a considerable number of specimens accumulated during the past few years, that several of the names considered as synonyms really refer to very distinct species and he has here tried to clear up the matter to some extent. Mr. E. P. Van Duzee thinks that the generic name Tibicen should be used for the species here mentioned; they are placed under Rihana by Distant, as stated above. However, as they were 1 The photographs of the species mentioned were made by Air. Howard H. Cleaves, of the Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences. 1 /•" ; vi3^' 2 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°'- xxiii. nearly all first described under Cicada, we have here used that name, as any change is unnecessary for the object of this paper. Cicada auletes Germar. Cicada grossa Fabriciiis? For a good life-sized figure of this species see Howard's " Insect Book," Plate XXVIII, fig. 19, where it bears the name of C. marginata Say. Smith and Grossbeck figure the genitalia of this species also under the name of C. marginata in their " Studies in Certain Cicada Species," Entomological News, April, 1907. In Entomological News for March, 1905, Prof. Uhler has this to say of Cicada grossa: " This species has recently been brought to light in the British Museum, where, through the courtesy of Dr. G. R. Waterhouse, I was permitted to examine the types of Fabricius in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks. They proved to be two specimens of the large form of which I have specimens from North Carolina, Arkansas, Texas, Kansas, New York City, Northern New Jersey, Maryland and Virginia. . . . Variations in size, color and pattern of markings are, perhaps, responsible for the exaggerated synonymy which has accumulated upon this species.'' Among the synonyms of C. grossa he places Cicada marginata Say (1825), Cicada auletes Germar (1834), and a number of species described by Walker in 1850. The original description of C. grossa by Fabricius in 1775 is very general and would do for many of the large cicadas. He says, how- ever, that the tarsi are black. In our insect they are olive green. He also gives the habitat as Brazil, but as Uhler says, this may be an error. The next name on the list is Cicada auletes Germar, and there is no doubt about this being our species. He says the insect lives in Pennsylvania and he refers to the figure of the " great Indian Cicada" in the work of August Johann Rosel, " De Natuurlyke Historie der Insecten," Tab. XXV, fig. 5, where is shown a species a little over three inches in length. This of course is not our American insect but ours in size approaches it. Germar describes the pruinose condi- tion of the insect, also its black and olive coloring, including the legs which he says are olivaceous. Of the operculum he says that it is "large, reaching middle of abdomen, oblong, with the sides sub- sinuate, apex obtusely rounded, olivaceous." March, I9I5-1 DaVIS : NOTES ON CiCADAS. 3 Our largest cicada can then be called C. auletes Germar with certainty, though possibly it should be called C. grossa, but Dr. Uhler's tendency in this group, to associate two or more species under one name is well known, and he may have been mistaken in this instance. At any rate it is narrowed down to one or the other of these names and C. viargiitata and C. rcsh should not be considered in the case as I hope to show. Cicada auletes has a rather wide distribution and in the following records those marked with an asterisk are represented by specimens in the author's collection. Brant Rock, Plymouth Co., Mass. (C. A. Frost). Collection Boston Society of Natural History. Martha's Vineyard, Mass. Boston Society of Natural History, and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. New Haven, Conn. Collection Conn. Agri. Exp. Station. Long Island, N. Y.,* July, Aug., Sept., Oct. Staten Island. N. Y.,* July, Aug., Sept. Manhattan Island, N. Y. City,* Sept. 8, 1910. New Jersey,* Aug., Sept., Oct., particularly abundant in the sandy areas in the central and southern parts of the state. District of Columbia, collection Am. Museum of Natural History. Baltimore, Maryland. Fairfax Co., Va.,* Aug. (C. R. Shoemaker). Nelson Co., Va.,* July, Aug. (Col. Wirt Robinson). Raleigh, N. C.,* July, Aug., Sept. (C. S. Brimley). Lake Toxaway, N. C. (Mrs. Slosson). Southern Pines, N. C, Aug. (A. H. Manee). Clemson College, S. C, Aug. (M. P. Somes). Altanta, Ga., July, Aug. (J. C. Bradley). Bainbridge, Ga., Sept. (J. C. Bradley). Mobile, Alabama,* Aug., Sept. (H. P. Loding). Baton Rouge, La. (LI. A. Morgan). Mississippi. Mountain Grove, Mo., Aug. (M. P. Somes). Chetopa, Kans.,* July 24, 1914 (D. R. Beardslee). Allegan, Mich., Aug. 19, 1913 (collected by F. Psota and in the collection of W. J. Gerhard). This is a male and looks just like specimens from New Jersey. 4 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'"'- xxiii. The author has forty specimens of this species in his collection and has seen many more, and they show hardly any variation. In fresh specimens the dorsal part of the abdomen at base and the three last segments are often pruinose, leaving four intermediate segments dark in color. The following measurements are taken from a male from New Jersey and a female from Staten Island, N. Y. Male, Mm. Female. Mm. Length of body 41 40 Length of fore wing 53 52 Expanse of wings 117 115 Cicada marginata Say. This species was described from Missouri by Thomas Say in 1825 and was called marginata for the reason that the abdominal segments are yellowish on their posterior margins. The length of the insect is as he says " more than two inches and a quarter to the tip of the hemelytra," but it is not much more. The W-mark on the fore wings is absent or nearly so in this species, and the costal margin is somewhat bent near its central portion instead of being evenly rounded as in Cicada resh. It is also smaller and of a lighter green color than the olivaceous auletes. Uhler in his Preliminary Survey of the Cica- didse of the United States, Antilles and Mexico, Trans. Maryl. Acad. Sci., 1892, says that the " W-shaped mark near the tip of the wing- covers " is sometimes absent in Cicada tibicen and that this is also the case "most commonly of all, with C. auletes Germ, (marginata Say)." He had probably been examining true marginata when he wrote this. The male genitalia are very different from auletes. The supra- anal plate is narrower and is without the three dorsal terminal points present in that species. Further the uncus when viewed in profile is narrowed to the rounded tip and not widened as in auletes. When viewed from behind, that is at full face, the uncus ends in a rounded point, whereas in auletes the end is notched. As was stated in connection with the remarks on C. auletes and C. grossa the figure in Entomological News, Vol. XVIII, PI. 3 is that of the genitalia of Cicada auletes and not of Cicada marginata as there stated. The following specimens are in the author's collection : Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 7, 1911, female (Chas. Dury). March. 1915] Davis: Notes on Cicadas. 5 Kentucky, Aug. 28, 1902, male (Chas. Dury). Wakefield, Clay Co., Kansas, male and female (J. C. Warren). Chetopa, Labette Co., Kansas, July, i male, 3 females; Aug., 6 males, 4 females (D. R. Beardslee). In the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology there are two females from Texas and a male marked "Florida (Miss Willard)." Walker in his List of Homoptera, Vol. IV, p. 1128, 1852, changes Say's margiiiaia to Cicada marginalis " to distinguish it from C. marginata Olivier." This last is now Ariasa marginata Oliv. accord- ing to Distant. It is a Brazilian species. Cicada resh Haldeman. This species was described from the Great Salt Lake Valley by Prof. S. S. Haldeman in the appendix to the report on the Exploration and Survey of the Valley of the Great Salt Lake of Utah, Wash- ington, 1853. In the author's collection there are seventy-six specimens identified as this species. They are from Louisiana, Texas and Oklahoma and are like in markings the specimen figured by Haldeman on Plate IX of the report referred to. In fresh specimens the pronotum is green with the " narrow Y-shaped Hne divided to the base, a narrow trans- verse lateral spot on each side posteriorly and another anteriorly, immediately behind the lateral stemmata. Mesonotum black, with a large lateral elongated yellow spot [green in fresh specimens], and a pair of similarly colored medial spots in the shape of the Hebrew letter rcsh inverted, and the points converging anteriorly upon the medial line." The usual W-shaped mark is present on the fore wings. In the male the supra-anal plate ends in three points as in auletes, but the central one is not as long and prominent as in that species. The uncus when viewed in profile is broadened and rounded at the extremity, and when viewed at full face the end is shallowly notched, but not as deeply as in auletes. Haldeman gives " length of the body fourteen, to the end of the upper wings twenty-two lines, width of the prothorax seven lines." Most of the specimens in the author's collection are a trifle over these measurements, but they are from further south than the type locality. Marksville, Avoyelles Co., La., Sept. 15, 1912, i male and i female. 6 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^'"i- xxiii. Houma. Terre Bonne Co., La., July, 191 4, 2 males and 4 females (E. C. Wurzlow). Port Hudson, Miss, male, collection Mus. Comp. Zoology. Elgin, Comanche Co., Oklahoma, July, 1914, i male and i female (Alanson Skinner). Washunga, Kay Co., Oklahoma, July, 1914, i female (Alanson Skinner). Orange, Orange Co., Texas, July, 1914, 5 males, 8 females; August, 3 males, 4 females; September, 21 males and 26 females (Miss McGill). Cicada sonora Walker. This species was described without locality by Francis Walker in 1850 in " List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Col- lection of the British Museum, Part i, London, 1850." The wings are said to expand 60 lines, which makes it too large for anything but aulctes. The markings as described do not agree, however, with those of that species. Cicada resonans Walker. This species was described in the same publication with Cicada sonora, and as with that insect no locality was given. Walker says in part : Body tawny with ferruginous tinge ; head with a broad black band; face partly black; "scutcheon" of the fore-chest adorned with a very large obconical black stripe; borders mostly black; hind- scutcheon much widened and slightly waved on each side; middle- chest adorned with six black stripes, the second pair broader than the outer pair, narrower than the inner pair which are obconical; a large slightly cross-shaped black spot rests on the cross-ridge. Ab- domen black above; legs tawny; fore thighs armed with three teeth of various size. Wings colorless; veins tawny; first and second cross-veins clouded with brown; primitive areolet faun-color; fore- flaps and the base of the hind-flaps gray with a buff tinge. Length of the body 18 lines; of the wings [expanse] 56 lines. If the locality had been given as southeastern North America there would be little or no doubt as to which insect was described. What he says about the fore femora being armed with three teeth of various sizes is of no importance, for some individuals of this species have three teeth, while others have but two. March. 19 1 5-] DaVIS : NOTES ON CiCADAS. 7 The insect under consideration has often been identified as Cicada bicosfa Walker, which was also described without locality. Distant, however, says this occurs in Mexico and Costa Rica, and in Biologia Centrali-Americana gives a figure of the insect on Tab. 3. This shows a smaller species than the one under consideration, with the hind borders of the abdominal segments ferruginous. Walker's original description of Cicada bicosta gives the length of body as 16 lines, and an expanse of wings of 48 lines, measurements too small for resonans. He also says that the hind borders of the abdominal segments are ferruginous, " middle-chest adorned with four black obconical stripes," instead of six as in resonans, and the " hind flaps " of the wings " at the base and fore-flaps brown," instead of " gray with a buft' tinge." I may add to the description of what I take to be resonans, that in the male the supra-anal plate is broad and ends in three points, as in aiilefes and resJi; the uncus when viewed in profile is broad at the tip and shaped somewhat like a horse's hoof; wdien viewed from the back or at full face, the extremity is broad and truncated and not notched. In some specimens it is very slightly sinuated. In the author's collection there are twenty specimens that are covered very w^ell both as to size and markings by Walker's descrip- tion of resoiiaiis. and they can bear that name until a better one is found. Southern Pines, N. C, 3 males, 6 females; July, August and Sep- tember (A. H. Manee). Spring Creek, Decatur Co., Ga., July 23, 191 1, female (J. C. Bradley). Ormond, Volusia Co., Fla., 2 females (Mrs. Annie T. Slosson), La Grange, Brevard Co., Fla., 2 males, 6 females, July, x\ugust, September and October (Davis and Chaudoin). Gulf Port, Hillsboro Co., Fla., 2 males (A. G. Reynolds). Mobile, Alabama, i female (H. P. Loding). In the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology there is a female from Port Royal, S. C. (Fowler), and a female, here referred to this species, from Kansas. 8 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'"'- xxiii. Fidicina literata Walker. This species was also described by Walker in 1850 in " List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part i," and as with rcsonaiis no locality is men- tioned. From size and description especially of the mesonotum it may be the same as Cicada auletcs. The length of the body is given as 20 lines and the expanse of wings as 59 lines, which are a little large for aulctes. Fidicina figurata Walker. This was described in 1858 in " List of the Specimens of Homop- terous Insects in the collection of the British Museum, Supplement " ; and as with several of the species already mentioned no locality is given. If it is North American it is probably either Cicada lyricen De Geer (1773) or Cicada similaris Smith and Grossbeck (1907). Walker says : " Prothorax reddish, black in front and behind, with a double tawny stripe, border tawny, with a black streak on each side. . . . Fore wings narrow, much acuminated. . . . Length of the body 17 lines; of the wings 44 lines." We understand that the wings expand 44 lines. The fore wings are acuminate in both lyricen and similaris, par- ticularly so in the latter; they both have the hind border of the prothorax black, and the size is right for either. The hind margin of the prothorax is green or olive in aiiletes, marginata and resh and the wings in these three spcies are not much acuminated, and figurata is also too small an insect to be considered the same as grossa or aulctes. Leaving the cicadas that have been more or less associated in the past with Cicada aulctes or grossa we come to the consideration of Cicada prninosa and its varieties. Cicada pruinosa var. latifasciata new variety. In their " Studies in Certain Cicada Species," Entomological News, April, 1907, Smith and Grossbeck drew up a description of C. pruinosa from the eight specimens from the coast of New Jersey in their possession, and in describing C. winnemanna, Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, October, 1912, the writer followed their lead in considering these specimens typical of Say's species. However, in the last few years we have, through the kindness of :March, 1915] Davis: Notes on Cicadas. 9 friends, accumulated a collection of about one hundred specimens of this species, from Wells County, Indiana (E. B. Williamson), Hollister, Missouri (H. H. Knight), Falls City, Nebraska (H. G. Barber),' Wakefield, Kansas (J. C. Warren), McPherson, Kansas (Warren Knaus), and Chetopa, Kansas (D. R. Beardslee). We have also examined many more in other collections including several from Texas. From this evidence it appears that the coast speci- mens, which have the stripe on the third abdominal segment com- paratively broad, constitute a variety and cannot be considered typical with those from the interior of the country which have the stripe more attenuated or sometimes wanting. Of the variety we have collected about twenty in Cape May County, New Jersey ; Mr. Francis Harper has sent us seventeen from the neighborhood of Beaufort, N. C, and a number of others have been examined in collections, from along the coast of New Jersey, and North Carolina, and two examples marked "Pennsylvania" are in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. In the collection of Mr. Otto Hiedemann there is a male of this variety from Victoria a town near the coast of Texas, and in the Uhler collection, U. S. Nat. Museum, there is a specimen collected by Belfrage in Texas.. Say says of Cicada pruinosa: "Found on the Missouri; it is also very common in Pennsylvania, and much resembles C. tibicen Fabr., but differs in being pruinose beneath, and in having white abdominal spots." Probably true pruinosa as well as the variety occurs in Penn- sylvania, the latter being confined to the coastal region. Cicada pruinosa was originally described in part as having the "tergum black: segments destitute of differently colored posterior margins, basal segment with a white pruinose spot each side of the back, another transversely elongated and attenuated one on the lateral base of the third segment, and another upon the lateral base of the caudal segment : venter dusky in the middle : caudal segments beneath testaceous, dusky near the middle tip." Smith and Grossbeck say of the specimens they had from the coast of New Jersey and which we now know to be a variety: "Abdomen above black, base of first segment with a white, heavily pruinose lateral dash, which encroaches to some extent upon the second segment; a similar but longer and broader lateral dash extends along the base of the third segment and a spot of the same color is 10 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxiii. on each side of the eighth segment. In the female the dash of the second segment differs from that of the male in not becoming attenuated dorsally, but in being squarely truncated." For the variety thus described with the broad white lateral dashes on segment three, we propose the name of latifasciafa. We then have Cicada prninosa as described by Say, with the tergum entirely black or nearly so, with the attenuated white stripe at the lateral base of the third abdominal segment, being the form common from Indiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, etc., of which we figure a male from Chetopa, Kansas ; Cicada pruinosa var. latifasciata so far known only from the coastal region of the eastern and southern United States, with the broad stripe on segment three and abdomen beneath more shining black, of which we figure a male from Cape May Co., New Jersey, and Cicada prninosa var. zmnnemanna with the hind margins of the abdominal segments more or less fulvous, the second segment having the band broader than the others and a white streak generally hardly discernible each side at the base of the third segment, of which we figure a male from Plummer's Island, Maryland. The females of these cicadas have the charactertistic markings far less distinct than in the males and occasionally some are entirely absent. Cicada prninosa and its varieties approaches C. linnci Smith and Grossbeck in appearance more closely than any other of our species, but in linnci the fore- wings are abruptly bent near the middle, whereas in prninosa the curve is more regular. The genitalia are about the same in both species. Their songs are not at all similar. Seen in series prninosa from Kansas has the costal margin of the fore wings evenly curved, whereas specimens from Indiana and especially var. ztnnncmanna show a decided tendency to a sudden bend near the central portion of the costal margin. Explanation of Plates. Plate i. Fig. I. Cicada auletes Germar. Fig. 2. Cicada resonans Walker. Fig. 3. Cicada resh Haldeman. Plate 2. Fig. I. Cicada viarginata Say. Fig. 2. Cicada prninosa Say. Fig. 3. Cicada prninosa var. latifasciafa Davis. Fig. 4. Cicada pruinosa var. zvinnenianna Davis. Joiirn. N. Y. Eut. Soc. Vol. XXIII. PL I. Cicadidas. Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII. PI. 2. CicadidLe. March, I9I5-] DaVIS : XeW SpECIES OF CiCADAS. 11 NEW SPECIES OF CICADAS FROM CALIFORNIA AND UTAH. By Wm. T. Davis, New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. In preparing his Preliminary Review of the West Coast Cicadidse, printed elsewhere in this Journal, Mr. Edward P. Van Duzee ex- amined a number of specimens from my collection and has very kindly suggested that I describe some of the new species. He has also been good enoug-h to place in my hands some of the specimens described in the above mentioned paper, so that I might have them for comparison. It is evident that there are a considerable number of species of cicadas in the states bordering the Pacific ocean many of which may best be treated of by comparison with Okanagana rimosa and Okana- gana synodica described many years ago by Thomas Say from the middle west. Say's description of synodica is particularly good and the species has been easily identified from the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado, where it is quite abundant. Following this plan the descriptions here given often make reference and comparison to these two standard species. Okanagana rubrovenosa new species. Type male, Mariposa Co., California, June 15, 1914. A little smaller than O. rimosa, slimmer and with proportionately narrower fore wings ; color black and dark sanguineous. A strik- ingly handsome species. Length 22 mm.; to tip of the wings 31 mm.; fore wing 8.5 by 26 mm. Head as wide as the anterior portion of the pronotum, front about as prominent as in rimosa; surface of the head between the eyes not deeply furrowed. Front convex, the median sulcus some- what narrowed above, transverse rugse about as prominent as in rimosa. Pronotum 3.5 by 8 mm., the sides parallel, or nearly so anteriorly ; humeral angles shaped as in rimosa, with the wrinkles less prominent. Opercula oblique, sides sinuated. Last ventral seg- 12 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxiii. ment long with the sides from ahout the middle nearly parallel to the truncated end. Valve of the male long, about as in riniosa. Uncus hooked at the end but not suddenly. Fore wings with the basal cell narrower than in rimosa. The dorsum in this species is black, but has a dull reddish appearance owing to its covering of rufus hairs. There is a dark red, narrow, broken line on the head just above the antennae, and the hind margins of the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum are also dark red. The X in the type is black, but in two of the paratypes it is dorsally touched with dark red. The mid-dorsal spots so general on the mesonotum of species of Okana- gana are absent. Beneath nearly all black with a patch of silvery hairs each side at the base of the wings. The front is narrowly lined with dark red about the transverse rugx. Fore femora black striped with dark red ; the middle and hind femora and tibiae more red than the anterior pair. Opercula edged with red, also the posterior margin of each abdominal segment. Uncus black, especially above ; valve black on lower surface with the upper edge red. The red markings on the body are not at all conspicuous. Venation of all of the wings nearly uniform sanguineous, darkened and more spread out over the cells at base. In addition to the type there are three paratypic males in the author's collection, all collected at the same time and place by Mr. Nunenmacher, and a small male from Napa Co., California, is in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. Okanagana mariposa new species. Type' male, Mariposa Co., California, June i6, 1914. Larger than rimosa with rather narrow wings ; largely black in color and decorated with orange. Length 29 mm.; to tip of the wings 42 mm., fore wing 8 by 35 mm. Head as wide as the anterior portion of the pronotum; front about as prominent as in rimosa; top of head lacking the furrow present in rimosa on each side leading from the posterior ocellus toward the eye. Front convex, the median sulcus narrowed above, transverse rugae about as prominent as in rimosa. Pronotum 5.5 by II mm., the sides anteriorly not quite parallel and edged with irregularly set teeth. (These might be reduced to sinuations in some specimens.) Humeral angles shaped as in rimosa with the wrinkles March, ipiS-] DaVIS : NeW SpECIES OF CiCADAS. 13 about as prominent. Opercula oblique with the inner, lower angle not much produced. Valve 5 mm. in length. Uncus not hooked at the end, but very slightly narrowed, truncated and the end shallowly notched, thus different in shape from rhnosa and No. 19 described in Mr. Van Duzee's paper referred to above. Venation and color of the wings about as in rimosa except that the bright or reddish orange is replaced by duller tints at the base of all of the wings, and the costa is greenish yellow. The dorsum of this species is nearly all black. The supra-antennal plates are touched with orange; the pronotum is narrowly edged with dull orange except on the anterior margin, and a very faint mid-dorsal streak of the same color extends to the outer edge from about its central portion. The mesonotum has the top of the X touched with pale orange and the four spots in front of the X are arranged in a semi-circle. The sides of the mesonotum are ornamented with orange at the base of the wings, two pale spots being particularly conspicuous. The posterior part of the metanotum is edged with orange. The dorsum of the abdomen has the posterior edge of the first and last segments narrowly streaked with greenish orange; the lower edge of the supra-anal plate and the upper edge of the valve are greenish orange; the uncus is black. The valve is greenish beneath and the lower surface of each abdominal segment is black edged on posterior margin and sides with light orange. The legs are orange streaked and spotted with black about as in rimosa, except that there is more black particularly on the fore femora. The shape of the fore wings in mariposa is different from that of any other species of the genus I have seen in that the outer margin is not so evenly curved, but forms more of a straight line to the tip of the wing. Okanagana hirsuta new species. Type, female, Santa Rosa Island off the coast of southern California. A hairy species, with particularly long hairs on under side and on the legs. Length 25 mm.; to tip of the wings 37 mm.; fore wings 7 by 31 mm. Head nearly as wide as the anterior margin of the pronotum ; front about as prominent as in rimosa; median sulcus narrow with parallel sides. Pronotum 4.5 by 10.5 mm., the sides anteriorly not 14 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'*^'- X-'^iH- quite parallel and somewhat sinuated ; humeral angles rounded; anterior angles prominent. Last ventral segment with the notch about half as deep as the segment is long and broadly V-shaped. The venation is the same as in mariposa, but the basal areole is clear instead of fuscous as in that species, rinwsa, vandnzcei, etc. The costa is greenish yellow edged in part with black. There is the usual fuscous and orange colors at the base of all of the wings and the flaps are bright orange, on the hind wings clouded with fuscous. The dorsum of this species is black variegated with bright orange. Head black with the supra-antennal plates touched with orange ; the pronotum is very narrowly edge'd with orange anteriorly and with a little broader band on the posterior margin and humeral angles ; the slightly sinuated sides are black. The mesonotum has the orange spot on the top of the X divided by a black line and the four spots in front of the X are arranged in a semi-circle. The posterior margin is narrowly bordered with orange, and there are two orange spots at the base of each fore wing. The posterior part of the metanotum is edged with orange. The dorsum of the abdomen has all of the segments, except the basal one, narrowly edged on their hind margins with bright orange, the stripes being about obliterated along the median line. On the second segment the stripe is broader than on the others, but is absent dorsally. Beneath, the abdominal segments are black edged posteriorly with bright orange. All of the femora are striped with orange and black. The lower surface is thickly clothed with very long, light colored hairs, which are to be found even on the legs out to the tarsi ; on the hind tibiae they are about twice as long as its diameter. When viewed from above the hairs from the lower surface are seen to form a fringe about the body. The female type in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History is the only specimen seen by the writer. Okanagana triangulata new species. Type male, Mendocino Co., California, May lo, 1910. The triangular or obconical black are^ at the base of the abdomen is a conspicuous character of this insect. Length 21 mm.; to tip of the wings 25 mm. ; fore wing 8 by 20 mm. Head small and narrower than the front margin of the prothorax; the front produced and a little blunter than in synodica; the supra-antennal plates with outer March, I9I5.] Davis : New Species OF Cicadas. 15 edge nearly rounded, and the sulcus extending from the central ocilus backward to the posterior margins quite deep. The median sulcus on the front rather shallow and almost obliterated at its upper end ; transverse rug?e as in synodica. Pronotum 3.5 by 8 mm., the sides not parallel but converging toward the eyes as in synodica, the humeral angles rounded, beyond a rather deep sinus extending about one half of the distance toward the anterior angles which are promi- nent and not so much bent downward as in synodica. Opercula oblique, sides sinuated. Last ventral segment with the base a little longer than the sides which converge to the truncated tip. Valve of the male broader and proportionately shorter than in synodica. Uncus viewed in profile not hooked but with a sinuation near the tip not present in synodica; when viewed from above, produced into two points with a considerable intervening notch, instead of being truncated with a shallow sinuation as in synodica. Fore wings with the basal areole narrowed to an obliquely rounded apex; both pairs of wings suffused at the base with tetaceous ; fore and hind flaps ornamented with bright orange. Veins of the fore w-ings testaceous, not fuscous beyond the middle as in synodica. The dorsum of this species is black and yellow sparsely covered with golden hairs. Head above with the elevations black except an extended spot of black on each supra-antcnnal plate ; depressions pale. Pronotum except the anterior angles margined with pale particularly broad on the hind margin; the elevations mostly black, the pale color extending irregu- larly upward from the grooves on to the sides. Mesonotum black, edged behind and to the fore wings with orange; X black at center, edged with orange; four pale spots in front of the X arranged in a semicircle, and at the tip of each anterior line of the X there is a conspicuous, light yellow, impressed puncture. From the base of each fore wing there extends an oblong spot having a clouded central area. Metanotum with posterior edge dull orange. Dorsum of the abdomen with a basal obconical black area with the hind margin of each segment yellow and on the sides two rows of spots more or less incomplete. The last segment is all yellow with indications of two basal spots. Supra-anal plate not as deeply notched at the end as in synodica, black above edged with yellow below; uncus yellow. Beneath, the valve, also the abdominal segments entirely yellow. 16 Journal Xew York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxiii. except a conspicuous black line on the posterior margin of the first segment. Legs yellow, streaked and spotted with black. The type was collected by Mr. Nunenmacher. In the collection of the American Museum of Natural History there is a female from Angel Island, California, that probably belongs to this species, though the basal areole of the elytra is not so narrowed to a rounded apex as in the male type. However, otherwise it appears to be the same. The last ventral segment has a broad V-shaped notch extending about half of the way to its base. Okanagana mercedita new species. Type male, Merced Co., California, June i8, 1914. Length 19 mm. ; to the tip of the wings 21 mm. ; fore wing 6.5 by 17 mm. Head about as broad as the front margin of the pronotum, the front produced nearly as in synodica; supra-antennal plates with outer edge rounded. The median sulcus on the front rather broad, with the sides sinuated. Pronotum 3 by 7.5 mm., the sides not parallel, the humeral angles rounded and the anterior angles bent downward. Opercula oblique, sides sinuated. Last ventral segment with the base longer than the sides which converge to the rounded end. Valve is long as in synodica (5 mm.). Uncus when viewed in profile, hooked; when viewed from above narrowed toward the deeply notched apex. Fore wings with the basal areole oblong and square at apex; both pairs of wings more transparent than in synodica and triangtilata, with the veins commencing at the trans- verse fold infuscated. Costa of the fore wings yellowish; all of the wings fuscous and bright orange at base ; flaps bright orange. The dorsum of this species is blackish sparingly covered with light colored appressed hairs. Head above black with a light colored band in front of the anterior ocellus and extending on to the supra-antennal plates where there is an enclosed black spot over each antenna ; a light spot on the median sulcus extends to the posterior margin. Pronotum with the central portion black except some of the grooves, and irregularly margined with pale except the hind margin which is more definitely banded. Mesonotum black with two light colored streaks on the anterior part being the exterior lines of the often present W-mark of some species ; below these the X, which is light colored and joins on to the light colored band encircling the posterior March, I9IS-] DaVIS : NeW SpECIES OF CiCADAS. 17 part of the mesonotum. At the tip of each anterior line of the X there is a black impressed puncture. Metanotum with posterior edge greenish yellow. Dorsum of the abdomen black with the segments narrowly edged with yellow except the last segment which is yellowish with a large irregular spot dorsally and a faint, narrow one each side. In the dorsal spot there are indications of two small included light spots at the base of the segment. Supra-anal plate dorsally black with the sides yellow. Uncus yellow shaded with brown, par- ticularly at the tip. Beneath, the valve yellow, also the posterior margins of the abdominal segments, the last one having the entire central area yellow. Each ventral segment has two dark spots, one on each side of the central area. The opercul^ yellow touched with orange and black. Legs yellow streaked and spotted with black. A paratypic female has the hind margin of the last ventral seg- ment deeply notched almost to the base; the segment is pale with a black spot on either side; otherwise the female is colored as in the male. In addition to the type and the female mentioned above, there are in the author's collection i6 males and 14 females, all from Merced Co., California. This series shows the transverse fold crossing the fore wings at the node, often considerably developed and in this respect approaching the much larger Tibicinoides hesperius, which it also resembles in color and markings more than it does synodica. Further the uncus is shaped much more like that of hesperms than synodica, the head, however, in form is more like the latter species. The outer row of cells in the fore wing are proportionately short in mercedita, whereas they are long in hesperius and synodica. The front in hesperius is usually margined on the upper surface by a well- defined elevated ridge. Okanagana minuta new species. Type from Stanford University, California, May 26, 1914. The smallest Okanagana so far described. Length 16 mm.; to the tip of the wings 18 mm.; fore wings 5.5 by 15 mm. Head not quite as broad as the front margin of the pronotum; the front produced as in synodica; supra-antennal plates anteriorly not much rounded. Median sulcus of the front broad. Pronotum 2.5 by 6 mm., the sides not parallel, the humeral angles ]8 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxiii. rounded and the anterior angles rather prominent. Opercula oblique with the apex turned inward as in synodica. Last ventral segment with the base longer than the sides which gradually converge to the rounded end. Valve 3.5 mm. in length. Uncus when viewed in profile hooked ; when viewed from above narrowed toward the deeply notched apex. Fore wing with the basal areole oblong and square at apex; both pairs of wings more transparent than in synodica, with the veins commencing at the transverse fold infuscated. Costa of the fore wings yellowish ; all of the wings fuscous and bridge orange at base; flaps bright orange. The dorsum of this species is blackish, covered with light-colored appressed hairs. Head above black with an irregular pale band before the eyes and a yellowish spot on each supra-antennal plate; a light spot on the median sulcus extends to the posterior margin. Pronotum with the central portion black with the yellow color of the grooves extending well upward; margined with yellow, that of the hind margin being particularly definite. Mesonotum black with the W-mark On the anterior part represented by its two outer lines, below these the X, which is black touched on the apex with pale ; hind margin around to the wings, yellowish. At the tip of each anterior line of the X there is a conspicuous black impressed puncture surrounded by golden hairs. Metanotum with posterior edge greenish yellow. Dorsum of the abdomen black with all of the segments edged with yellow. Supra-anal plate dorsally black with the sides yellow. Uncus nearly black. Beneath, the valve pale, also the posterior margins of the abdominal segments, the last one being about one half pale. The opercula black broadly edged with pale. In addition to the type I have examined 11 paratypic males all from the same place as the type and from ]\Ir. Clarence H. Kennedy. Mr. Van Duzee has also sent to me a female from Fresno Co., Cal. (J. C. Bradley, Collector), that probably belongs, to this species and which has the deep notch in the last ventral segment broadly U- shaped, instead of V-shaped as in mcrccdita. Okanagana minuta in some respects closely resembles Q. mcrccdita, especially when large individuals of the one species are compared with small examples of the other, but when viewed in series the head of minuta is seen to be proportionately much smaller than that of mcrccdita. Thus in a large minuta and a small mcrccdita, each expanding about 38 mm., March, I9I5.1 DaVIS : NeVV SpECIES OF CiCADAS. 19 the head of the former measured across the eyes is 4.5 mm., and that of the latter is 5.5 mm. Okanagana schaefferi new species. Type, male, Bucksk Valley, Iron Co., Utah. A large insect with very prominent front, larger than either O. rimosa or O. vanduzeei, but with the wings shaped as in those species. The colors and markings resemble those of vanduzeei. Length 28 mm.; to the tip of the wings 38 mm.; fore wing 12 by 2,2 mm. Head not quite as broad as the front margin of the prono- tum; front strongly produced, and the upper surface with a not very sharply defined broad elevated margin ; front sulcus narrow. Prono- tum 5 by II mm.; the humeral angles rounded and the sides evenly narrowed toward the anterior angles which are rounded. Opercula oblique with the ends not much turned inward. Last ventral seg- ment with the base about as long as the sides which gradually con- verge to the truncated end which is slightly sinuated. Valve 4 mm, in length. Uncus when viewed in profile short, stout not hooked ; when viewed from above, broad, widest in the middle, with the end truncate. Wings rather broad, transparent, and with the venation as in rimosa and z'andnzcci. Costa of the fore wings yellowish. All of the wings fuscous and orange at the base; flaps orange, those of the hind wings a little fuscous. Head above black with a light spot on the edge of each supra-antennal plate. Pronotum black edged all round with orange and about one half of the median groove yellow. Mesonotum black with hind margin irregularly bordered with light orange; X orange, with a black central line and a black band across each anterior ridge followed by orange. Two very small orange spots beyond. A yellow dash near the base of each fore wing. ^Nletanotum with the posterior edge light orange. Dorsum of the abdomen black with all but the basal segment posteriorly edged with orange ; uncus black. Beneath, the valve pale orange ; hind margins of all of the segments orange, except the last which is more than one half pale orange. The opercula black with the hind margins orange. Fore femora all black except the distal tips which are orange. Middle and hind femora black except the orange colored distal tips and inner surface. Rostrum black, orange at base, head black beneath, except the small orange spots about each antenna. 20 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^''^'- xxiii. The type, in the collection of the Brooklyn Museum of Arts and Sciences is the only one I have seen. It was collected in 1904 by Messrs Doll & Engelhardt on sage brush. I take great pleasure in naming this species after Mr. Charles Schaeffer, of that Museum, who has always taken much interest in cicadas and with whom I have spent many pleasant days afield. Okanagana fratercula new species. Type, male, Bucksk Valley, Iron Co., Utah. A small black and orange species, a little larger than O. synodica and with clearer wings. It in fact closely resembles 0. schaejferi, but while that is a very large Okanagana this is a very small one. Length 20 mm. ; to the tip of the wings 26 mm. ; fore wings 8 by 20 mm. Head not quite as broad as the front margin of the prono- tum; front considerably produced and on the upper surface margined by a well-defined elevated ridge, front sulcus narrow. Pronotum 3 by 8 mm.; the sides not parallel, the humeral angles rounded; sides sinuated toward the anterior angles which are prominent. Opercula oblique with the ends turned upward. Last ventral segment with the base about as long as the sides which gradually converge to the rounded end. Valve 3 mm. in length. Uncus when viewed in profile short, stout, not hooked; when viewed from above, broad at middle tapering to the end which shows a depression but is not notched. Wings transparent with veins beyond the middle fuscous, Costa of the fore wings yellowish edged with fuscous. All of the wings fuscous and orange at base ; flaps orange, fuscous centrally. Head above black, with a yellow spot on each supra-antennal plate. Pronotum black, entirely bordered with yellow, and about one half of the median groove faintly yellow. Mesonotum black with hind margin irregularly bordered with light orange ; X orange, with a black band across each anterior ridge followed by orange. Two small orange spots beyond. The dorsal light spots taken together are arranged in a semicircle. A yellow dash next the base of each fore wing. Metanotum with the posterior edge light orange. Dorsum of the abdomen black with all but the basal segment posteriorly edged with orange; uncus black with a triangular orange spot at base. Beneath, the valve pale, brown at tip and black at base, hind margins of all of the segments orange. The opercula black tipped with orange. Jo urn. X. ]'. Eut. Soc. Vol. XX 111. PL 3. Cicadidse. March, 1915.] Van Duzee: West Coast Cicadid^. 21 Fore femora all black except the distal tips which are orange; middle and hind femora black except the orange-colored distal tips and inner surface. Rostrum black, orange at base ; head black beneath, except the small orange spots about each antenna. The type is in the collection of the Brooklyn Museum of Arts and Sciences and is the only one I have seen. It was collected in 1904 by Messrs. Doll and Engelhardt on sage brush. Okanagana fraterciila seems to be a " little brother" to 0. Schaefferi, and perhaps bears about the same relationship to it as does Tihicina cassinii to T. scptcmdecim in the eastern states. Explanation of Plate 3. Fig I Okanagana rubrovenosa. Fig 2 Okanagana mariposa. Fig 3 Okanagana hirsufa. Fig 4 Okanagana schaefferi. Fig 5 Okanagana fratercula. Fig 6 Okanagana minuta. Fig 7 Okanagana triangulata. Fig 8 Okanagana mercedifa. A PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF THE WEST COAST CICADID^. By E. p. Van Duzee, Berkeley, Calif. The following key and the appended notes include all of the species of the Cicadidse known to me to occur in California, Oregon and Washington. Thirty-four species or named varieties are recorded from these states and two from farther east are included to complete the review of the distinctively western genera, Okanagana and Cacama. Structural characters are very few in some of the genera, notably Okanagana, and I have been obliged to fall back upon color characters in the preparation of the key. The color and markings while variable in extent are quite constant in their general facies for each species. So far as I have collected them I have found that most 22 Journal New York Entomological Society, f^'^'- -"^xni- of these forms are well distinguished by their songs and habitats. It is hoped that material may be available later for a more complete monograph of our west coast cicadas to which figures and full locality records may be appended. In the preparation of this paper I have used my own material, taken mostly in San Diego Co., the fine series in the collection of Dr. Frank E. Blaisdell, those in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences, mostly taken by Dr. E. C. Van Dyke, and a few in the collection of the University of California, largely gathered by Prof. C. W. Woodworth. Other material has been received from Mr. E, O. Essig, Mr. C. L. Fox, and Dr. H. F. Wilson, the latter mostly from Oregon. Mr. Wm. T. Davis of Staten Island, New York, has sent me for comparison a very interesting series including the types of his new species described in a paper preceding this. I give first Prof. Woodworth's key for distinguishing the west coast genera by characters common to the two sexes. Mesonotum completely covering the middle of the metanotum. Prothorax widest behind. Abdomen tapering behind Tibicen. Abdomen rounded behind Cacama. Prothorax widest at the middle Zammara. Metanotum conspicuous behind the mesonotum. Node in outer third of elytra Platypedia. Node in middle third of elytra. Posterior crossvein thickened Clidophleps. Posterior crossvein not thickened. Median transverse suture of elytra not very evident across the cells Okanagana. Median transverse suture of elytra marked by a bend of the cell membranes and by pigment lines Tibicinoides. In the above table the characters given opposite each name dis- tinguishes that genus from all others in our fauna except Tibicen and Okanagana which are distinguished negatively and from each other by the mesonotal character given above. The former has the head nearly as wide as the thorax, an infuscated W-shaped mark near the apex of the elytra, a pentagonal basal cell in the elytra, and in the males covered tympana, in all of which characters it differs from Okanagana. March, I9I5-] Vax Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 23 In the following keys I have employed so far as possible the characters used by Dr. Distant. The long areole lying along the costa beyond the node I have called the " marginal areole." It is the " first ulnar areole " of Dr. Uhler. The form of the uncus of the male is frequently distinctive and has been used in separating a number of the close species. This uncus is an ovate or oblong piece lying above and partly within the valve. Its main characters have been illustrated by Smith and Grossbeck in the April, 1907, number of Entomological News. Tympanal coverings present in the male i Tympanal coverings absent in the male Subfam. 3. Tibiciniince. I. Tympanal coverings entirely concealing the orifices. . Subfamily i Tibicince. Tympanal coverings inperfect leaving the orifices more or less exposed. Subfamily 2. Cicaditus. Subfamily i. Tibicin^ (Cicadin.5 of Distant). Head including the eyes as wide as or wider than the mesonotum. Tibicen Latr. Head including the eyes little more than two thirds the width of the meso- notum Cacania Dist. Genus i. TIBICEN Latr. Latreille, Fam. Nat. Regne Anim., p. 426, 1825. Type Cicada plebeja Linn. Opercules triangular, reaching to near the middle of the abdomen. I. cinctifera Uhl. Opercules broad, rounded at apex, reaching to the base of the first ventral segment 2. montezuma Dist. Genus 2. CACAMA Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, XIV, p. 429, 1904. Type Proarna maitra Dist. Larger (28 mm. to tip of abdonien), elytral venation mostly pale; two ex- terior transverse veins scarcely touched with fuscous ; basal and apical segments of tergum pale, Colo, to Ariz. Not found in California. valvata Uhler. Smaller (22 mm. to tip of abdomen) ; elytral venation mostly black, two ex- terior transverse veins broadly black ; basal and apical segments of tergum concolorous black except at outer margins.. 3. crepitans Van D. 24 Journal New York Entomological Society. C^^'o'- xxiii. Subfamily 2. Cicadin^e (G.eanin^ of Distant). Tribe ZAMMARINI Dist. Pronotal margins ampliated and usually angulated. Genus 3. ZAMMARA Am. & Ser^^ Amyot & Serville, Hemipteres, p. 468, 1843. Type Tettigonia tympanum Fabr. Green varied with black, pronotal margins angulated ; elytra with four costal and two commissural fuscous spots 4. sinaragdina Walk. Subfamily 3. Tibiciniin.5: (Tibicin.^ of Distant). Tympanal cavities and opercules of male rudimentary ... .4. Platypedia Uhl. Tympanal cavities and opercules of male well developed i 1. Elytra hyaline, without a series of distinct supplementary transverse veins at the node 2 Elytra smoky on basal one half, with a series of distinct supplementary transverse veins at the node 7. Tibicinoides Dist. 2. Elytra distinctly bullate, the costa bent near the node ; transverse vein at apex of the clavus much thickened, nodose 5. Clidophleps n. gen. Elytra normal, the costa gently arcuated to the node. . . .6. Okanagana Dist. Genus 4. PLATYPEDIA Uhler. Uhler, Entomologia Americana, IV, p. 2^, 18S8. Type Cicada areolata Uhler. Costal vein strongly expanded and bent beyond the middle of the costal areole, this areole unusually broad (2x934 mm.), marginal areola very narrow and linear, shorter than the first ulnar areole, apical areoles seven 7. ainpltata n. sp. Costal vein simple, not at all angulated ; marginal areole wider apically ; apical areoles eight i 1. Second ulnar areole (at apex of large costal areole) distinctly longer than broad ; its inner margin straight or but feebly angled ; the first trans- verse vein distinctly oblique ; anterior margin of pronotum normally pale ; length 1 7-22 mm 2 Second ulnar areole nearly as long as broad, its inner margin distinctly angled at the second transverse vein ; first transverse vein vertical ; anterior margin of pronotum concolorous, black; length about 14 mm. .3 2. Length 20-22 mm. ; pale markings usually tinged with orange ; base of vertex with a distinct pale point; first antenna! joint pale at base; last ventral segment of male broad and almost truncated at apex; elytral nervures black from near their base 10. putnami Uhler. Length 17-20 mm.; pale markings usually tina^a with greenish; no distinct March, igis.] Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 25 pale point at base of vertex; face and vertex long-hairy; last ventral segment of male long and almost conically narrowed at apex; elytra! nervures pale almost to the transverse veins 9. areolata Uhler. 3. Elytra proportionately broader (8-9x18 mm.); inhabits north of the Tehachapi 8. intermedia n. sp. Elytra proportionately narrow (6—7x15 mm.); inhabits south of the Tehachapi 4 4. Last ventral segment of female narrowly, deeply incised ; valve of male long and tapering to its apex ; elytral nervures pale brownish nearly to the transverse veins ; inner margin of second ulnar areole obviously angled at second transverse vein 5. minor Uhler. Last ventral segment of female broadly deeply excavated ; valve of male somewhat dilated toward its rounded apex ; elytral nervures infuscated to their base ; inner margin of second areole but slightly angled at the second transverse vein 6. aferta n. sp. Genus 5. CLIDOPHLEFS new genus. Type Okanagana distanti Van D. Proportionately narrow (length 19 mm., width of mesonotum 7 mm.) ; elytra narrower (8x23 mm.); costa but little angled at the node; nervures black, unusvially strong; claval areole very narrow, acute at apex; last ventral segment of male narrower 11. blaisdelli Uhler. Proportionately broader (length 25 mm., width of mesonotum 9 mm.) ; elytra wider (10x26 mm.); costa more strongly angled at node; claval areole broader, obtuse at apex ; last ventral segment of male broader {dis- tanti) I 1. Large (25 mm.) ; outer nervure of clavus and inner of corium pale to the node 12. distanti Van D. Smaller (22—23 nim.) ; elytral nervures pale to the apical areoles, the com- missural only brown 2 2. Pale markings about as in typical distanti; last ventral segment of male truncated and more or less sinuated at apex.. 13. var. truncata Van D. Pale markings more extended, the pronotum largely pale ; last ventral segment of male narrower and scarcely emarginate at apex, about as in typical distanti 14. var. pallida Van D. Genus 6. OKANAGANA Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, XVI, p. 23, 1905. Type Cicada rimosa Say. Larger, length (to tip of abdomen) 30—32 mm. ; black, without dorsal pale markings; costa orange to tip of marginal areole.. 15. cruentifera Uhl. Smaller ; length not over 28 mm i I. Small, length about 16 mm.; form eliptical ; elytra short; front very promi- nent, scarcely longer than broad, rounding over and striate to its base, its sides regularly arcuated 14 26 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^"'^'- >^>^iii. Larger, 18-28 mm.; front longer, its sides nearly straight and its base with a nearly horizontal superior area on which the transverse ribs become obsolete ; costa more feebly arcuate ^ 2 2. Color rufo-ferruginous with a few marks on the vertex and a dorsal vitta on the tergum black 17. arctostaphyla n. sp. Color black, more or less marked with pale or rufous 3 3. Wing venation dark sanguineous ; surface of body clothed with short scale-like hairs 18. rubrovenosa Davis. Wing venation black or pale, the costa and base orange or pale ; vcstiture of body if present pale 4 4. Pronotum and disk of the mesonotum dull black, immaculate ; costal edge of the corium and commissure of the clavus bright reddish-orange ; wing venation basally, legs and ventral segments in part orange ; length 23 rnm 16. ornata n. sp. Hind edge of pronotum pale; disk of mesonotum with six pale marks, two on the calloused center of the X, two on its anterior points and two before these on the apex of the loops ; all of these marks may be ex- tended or reduced but are rarely absent 5 5. Pronotum mostly black, when pale with the disk largely black but some- times bisected by a pale median line 6 Pronotum mostly pale with a black median vitta, geminate anteriorly, the lateral oblique grooves more or less broadly black ; four anterior marks on the mesonotum coalescing ; elytral venation greenish toward the base ; length 25-27 mm 26. vandykei n. sp. 6. Somber black above with the pale marks much reduced ; venter fulvous or reddish-orange, immaculate except at base; elytra long; length of body 25-27 mm 19. tristis n. sp. More broadly marked with pale or if mostly black the venter black or banded with black 7 7. Larger, 20 mm. or over 8 Smaller, under 20 mm. ; mostly pale beneath ; elytral venation pale, at least at base ; pronotum pale-margined 13 8. Mostly black, the pale markings greatly reduced and greenish ; the black body conspicuously clothed with whitish pubescence ; costa narrowly greenish ; venter greenish, banded with black 22. canescens n. sp. Body when black not conspicuously whitish-pubescent 9 9. Mostly black above with black elytral venation ; pronotum without pale lateral areas 10 Pale markings much extended with elytral venation mostly pale ; lateral areas of pronotum largely pale 12 10. Length about 28 mm.; surface dull black, closely minutely grey-pubescent; valve of male long (5 mm.) as in rimosa ; vmcus oblong, parallel-sided, not narrowed toward the truncated apex 20. mariposa Davis. Length about 24 mm. ; uncus of male more ovate, broadest near the base and narrowing toward the obtuse apex 11 March, I9I5-] Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 27 11. Surface more polished, blue-black with orange-fulvous markings; the pronotum usually bordered all around with orange ; male valve more elongated (4-5 mm.) ; narrow apex of its last ventral segment rounded; uncus without an apical hook 21. rimosa Say. Surface less polished, the pale markings reduced ; pronotum with hind margin only pale; male valve shorter (3 mm.); apex of last ventral segment of male broader and sinuated ; uncus hooked at apex. 2 7,. vanduzeei Dist. 12. Head narrower (6 mm.) ; venter banded with black, at least on the con- nexivum ; last ventral segment of male narrow and founded at apex ; uncus narrowed at apex, without a hook ; inhabits eastern states. 25. noveboracensis Emm. Head wider (7 mm.) ; venter pale, immaculate except at base and on apical segment of the female ; last ventral segment of male shorter, truncate and sinuated at apex ; inhabits California. 24. z'andiiseei var. consobrina Dist. 13. Pale markings of the mesonotum extended, confluent, at least the anterior; head wider, 6^ mm 27. californictts Dist. Four anterior pale marks of the mesonotum wanting or nearly so ; head narrower, 5 mm 28. striatipes Hald. 14. Supra-antennal plates elliptical, its anterior edge transverse 15 Supra-antennal plates oblique 16 15. Basal areole of the elytra narrowed to a rounded apex. 29. triangiilata Davis. Basal areole of elytra parallel-sided, its apex rectangular. 30. mercedita Davis. 16. Length 15 to 17 mm.; anterior edge of the pronotum with a narrow linear callouse ; male uncus with a rather long pointed hook. 33. minuta Davis. Length 18 mm. ; male uncus with an obtuse hook or without a hook. . . .17 17. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly depressed, without a distinctly cal- loused linear edge ; median apical area of pronotum rather acutely triangular 31. synodica Say. Anterior margin of pronotum with a linear calloused pale edge ; median apical area of pronotum more broadly and obtusely triangular ; male uncus with a short broad hook at apex 32. uncinata n. sp. Genus 7- TIBICINOIDES Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, XIV, p. 166, 1914. Type Tibicen cupreo-sparsa Uhler. Larger (20 mm.) ; lateral areas of pronotum with their grooves pale or rufous; mesonotum with pale marks at the anterior points of the X; venter pale, the basal segment only marked with black. 35. hesperius Uhler. 28 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxiii. Smaller (15 mm.) ; pronotum black, the slender anterior and posterior edges only pale; mesonotuni without pale marks at the anterior points of the X ; venter black, the segments edged with pale. 34. cupreo-sparsus Uhler. 1. Tibicen cinctifera Uhler. Uhler, Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., I, p. 156 1892 (Cicada). This is recorded from New Mexico and northern CaHfornia and Mr. Davis has sent me specimens from Arizona. 2. Tibicen montezuma Dist. Distant Biol. Centr. Am., Homop., I, p. 8, pi. 2, fig. 2, 1881 (Cicada). This species is unknown to me. It ranges from Mexico north- ward into New Mexico, Arizona and California as far as San Diego. 3. Cacama crepitans Van D. Van Duzee, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., II, p. 45, 1914 (Proarna). I know this species only from its type locality at San Diego. I have included the Rocky Mountain z'alvata in the key as it is likely to be found in the mountainous portions of this state. 4. Zammara smaragdina Walk. A\^alker, List Homop., I, p. 33, 1850. This species is included on the authority of Prof. C. W. Wood- worth who reports a specimen labeled " San Diego." In the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. 5. Platypedia minor Uhler. Uhler, Entomologica Americana, IV, p. 81, 1881. This distinct little species seems to be confined to the sotrthern portion of the state where it is very abundant at times. It is found on grassy hillsides from the last of March to about the first of July where it may generally be found resting on the stems of the sage brush. It has a short peeping note which is difficult to locate. Dr. Uhler's measurements were taken from a large specimen and may refer to the form described below. In this species the front and lower surface is conspicuously clothed with long pale hairs, the anterior edge of the pronotum is concolorous and the elytral nervures are largely pale brownish to the cross veins. The male uncus is March, ig 1 5- J Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 29 broadly lanceolate and subacute at apex, its width about half the length. 6. Platypedia apeita new species. A little larger than minor (about i6 mm. to tip of abdomen), with the elytral venation black and the inner margin of the second ulnar areole more rectilinear, scarcely more angled than in areolata. Here the last ventral segment is broadly triangularly excavated in the female and in the male broad at the slightly sinuated apex, the male valve is distinctly widened to its rounded apex, and the uncus is broad ovate, nearly as broad as long, with its apex subacute. Described from seven males and two females taken by me at Alpine, June 8, 1913, and ]unt 6, 1914, and one male from San Diego city, taken May 20, 19 13. 7. Platypedia ampliata new species. A little larger and less hairy than minor with much wider elytra, their costa obviously angled beyond the middle of the costal areole. Black, clothed with long blackish hairs which become grey beneath and on either side of the mesonotal X. Length 16 mm., expanse 38 mm. Front strongly produced, the median sulcus deep ; supra-antennal plates large and well rounded, when viewed from before expanded and depressed against the front. Humeral angles large and subquadrate, the pronotal sides anteriorly much depressed and nearly straight, a very little expanded behind the eye. Meracanthi long and pointed, reaching just behind the hind coxae. Last ventral segment of the male narrow and rounded at apex ; valve moder- ately long and expanded at base ; uncus lanceolate with the slender point up- turned and attaining the apex of the valve. Last ventral segment of the female with a narrow subacute incision reaching nearly to its base. Elytra remarkably broad (9 by 18 mm.) ; basal areole small, narrow, scarcely angled at apex; costal areole broad (2 by gj^ mm.) ; marginal very narrow, scarcely wider than the bounding nervures ; second ulnar little longer than broad (2I/2 by 3 mm.), the inner (posterior) side angled close to the apex; apical areoles seven, the first and second as usually found in this genus, being united in one. Wing appendix rounded at apex. Color black; supra antennal plates, a small dot at the base of the vertex continued as a median line on the pronotum which does not reach the hind margin, narrow hind edge of the pronotum ; sides of the mesonotal X pos- teriorly, elytral nervures except close to their base, depressed sides of the pronotum and legs in part, pale. Described from one male, without locality, in the collection of the University of California, and two females from Mary's River, 30 Journal New York Entomolo;;ical Society. ^^'°^- ^^-'^m. Oregon, received from Dr. Wilson. In this very distinct species the costal nervure is broadly expanded, especially in the male, reaching a width of nearly one millimeter. S. Platypedia intermedia new species. Size and aspect of ampliata but with larger and narrower elytra; supra- antennal plates narrower and more oblique than in ampliata, not at all ex- panded or depressed against the front ; humeral angles less produced and more rounded, the sides anteriorly regularly and feebly rounded. Last ventral segment of male short and broad, the apex sinuated ; valve longer (4 mm.) and narrower ; uncus rather slender, nearly straight below, arcuated above, its apex subacute but not at all unturned. Last ventral segment of female with a deep incision which is much broader posteriorly than in ampliata. Elytra 8 by 19 mm., costal nervure broad but of equal width to the apex of the costal areole, this areole about 2;^^ by 11 mm.; marginal areole much widened apically (about yi mm.) ; second ulnar transverse, its inner margin nearly rectilinear, the: feeble angle at about one third the distance from the apex; apical areolcs eight. Length of insect 18 mm., expanse 23 mm. Described from numerous examples of both sexes taken in INIarin and Sonoma Counties, Calif., in April and May. 9. Platypedia areolata Uhlcr. Uhler, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XIH, p. 285, 1862 (Cicada). Mr. W. T. Davis has kindly sent me a specimen compared with the type from east of Fort Colville which enables me to locate the name on our larger pale form which seems' to be common from the Bay Region of San Francisco northward through Washington. It varies in length from 17 to 20 mm. with an expanse of about 52 mm. The color is more dull and obscure than in putnami with very little of the steel-blue tint, the pale markings are more yellowish, rarely tinted with orange. The last ventral segment of the male is narrower and almost triangularly produced at apex ; the uncus is a little sinuated, nearly parallel-sided to the apical third, then narrowed to an obtuse tip ; costal nervure broad but scarcely expanded ; second ulnar areole transverse, the inner margin nearly straight as in intermedia; marginal areole a little widened in the male ; supra-antennal plates transverse, scarcely oblique. I have examined a good series of this form taken by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell in Marin and Sonoma Cos. and another series in the col- March, igis] Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.^. 31 lection of the California Academy of Sciences taken by Dr. E. C. Van Dyke in Marin Co. in April and May. Dr. Blaisdell has also taken this species in the Mokelumne Hills, Calaveras Co., Calif. Mr. Davis's specimen is a female from Utah and is larger than any I have seen from the coast. 10. Platypedia putnami Uhler. Uhler, Bui. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv., Ill, p. 455, 1877 (Cicada). Under this name I have placed the larger species in which the ground color is more of a blue-black and the pale markings are of a deep or reddish orange. The elytra measure 8—9 by 23—24 mm.; the anterior edge of the pronotum is slenderly pale; the basal half of the first antennal joint is pale as are also the margins of the frontal sulcus, median carina of the clypeus and first joint of the rostrum. Here the sinus of the last ventral segment of the female is broader and this segment in the male is shorter and almost truncated at apex; the uncus is strongly arcuated below and slightly so above, with apex obtuse ; the discal nervures of the elytra are piceous nearly to their base; the inner margin of the second ulnar areole is almost rectilinear and there is a distinct pale dot at the middle of the basal margin of the vertex. The eyes also are noticeably more prominent and the front less hairy. Length to tip of the abdomen 21-24 mm. I have before me material from Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Oregon and from Siskiyou and Trinity counties, Calif., the latter taken at Carrville in June by Dr. E. C. Van Dyke. Normally all our species of Platypedia have the following pale markings : sides of the face, supra-antennal plates in part, median line and hind edge of the pronotum, hind margin of the metanotum including the posterior one half of the elevated X, the costal nervure as far as the node and the propleura superiorly. Genus 5- CLIDOPHLEPS new genus. Allied to Okaiiagaiia with the same form of head and pronotum, approaching Platypedia in its expanded elytra, and well distinguished from both by the greatly thickened and nodose transverse vein at the apex of the clavus. Costal nervure distinctly bent at the node giving the closed elytra a bullate aspect when viewed from above. Elytra 32 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°1- ^-^ni. hyaline and when viewed from behind having a purplish iridescence. Marginal arcole long, narrow and largely infuscated as in Okanagana. First, second and third ulnar areoles elongated and similar in form. Apical areoles eight in number as in Okanagana with which genus it agrees in most of its other characters. Type Okanagana distant! Van D. 11. Clidophleps blaisdelli Uhler. Uhlcr, Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., I, p. 163, 1892 (Tibicen). In the Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, Vol. II, p. 47, 1914, I have given my reasons for identifying this species with our smaller and more slender form. I have taken it only from San Diego Co. and have not seen it in other collections. It is not unlikely that it is a Mexican form with its northern limit of distribution near San Diego. 12. Clidophleps distanti Van D. Van Duzee, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., II, p. 47, 1914 (Okanagana). This is a larger and 'broader form than blaisdelli with a broader costal areole and with the costa more strongly bent at the node. It has the last ventral segment of the male narrower and truncated or feebly emarginate at apex; the pale spots at the anterior points of the mesonotal X are usually pyriform and enclose a black point; the hind margin of the pronotum, a conspicuous median vitta almost inter- rupted near the hind margin and the very narrow anterior margin are pale, and the lateral areas of the pronotum are obscurely paler. Length of body 25 mm., to tip of elytra 34 mm. This interesting species is abundant on the chaparral on the higher pueblo lands about La Jolla, San Diego Co. during May and June. It has the habit of shrilling in unison at intervals of from ten to thirty minutes, apparently depending on the strength of the sunshine. They are strong flyers and have a loud rattling note. It is known only from San Diego Co., Calif. 13. Clidophleps distanti var. truncata Van D. Van Duzee, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., H., p. 47, 1914 (Okanagana) . '' Differs from the typical form in being smaller (22 mm.) with the elytral nervures paler and the last ventral segment of the male shorter and more truncate at apex. From San Diego Co., Calif. March, I9IS-] VaX DuZEE : WesT COAST CiCADID.E. 33 14. Clidophleps distant! var. pallida Van D. Van Duzee, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., II, p. 47, 1914 {Okanagana). Size of tniucata or a little smaller but with the markings more extended and the last ventral segment more rounded at apex. I found this form along the sea shore at National City at San Diego. It did not seem to have the habit of sounding in unison as do the other forms of this species. Genus 6. OKANAGANA Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, XVI, p. 2^, 1905. This genus is distinctively Californian. So far as I know but two species are found east of the Rocky Mountains and most of them seem to be confined to the Pacific Coast States. It may be dis- tinguished from Tibicina by its narrower head which is not wider than the mesonotum. The genus is very poor in structural char- acters so the species are best separated by size and color markings. They are, however, well distinguished by their general facies, habitat and song and in field work there is little danger of confusing them. 15. Okanagana cruentifera Uhler. Uhler, Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., I, p. 161, 1892 (Tibicen). This species was described from Colorado and Nevada. I am doubtfully identifying it with a large black species with bright orange costa which has been taken near San Bernardino. I have seen but three specimens, all females. In this species the head is unusually narrow and pointed (7 by 4 mm.) ; pronotum 5 by 11 mm. Length 33 mm., expanse 83 mm. Color black, scarcely polished, well clothed with long pale hairs ; pronotum immaculate or with the lateral areas obscurely pale ; costa, base of wings, legs in part, margins of the apical segments of the tergum, ventral segments and genital pieces bright orange. 16. Okanagana ornata new species. Allied to riinosa but a stouter and broader winged form. Black with the costa and commissure on basal one half and the wing veins bright orange. Length 23 mm.; to tip of elytra 36 mm.; elytra 10 by 30 mm. head 3^4 by 7 mm., pronotum 4 by 9^-2 mm., width of mesonotum 8 mm. In tuis form the first apical areole is unusually long (8 mm.) and is equal to four fifths the 34 Journal New York Entomological Society. [^ °'- >^xiii. length of the broad costal areole, in riiuosa this proportion is two thirds. Front strongly compressed, the median sulcus narrow. Last ventral segment of female with a deep, rather broad sinus which is distinctly notched near its fundus ; the outer angles of this segment narrower than in any of the allied species. Valve of male long as in riiiwsa. Color a imiform deep black, scarcely polished, the narrow basal angles and depressed latero-posterior margins of the mesonotum and the apical margin of the last two tergal segments orange. Elytral nervures black, the costal to beyond the node and the commissural to the apex of the clavus bright reddish-orange ; hind edge of the ventral segments genital pieces except the oviduct, and the legs bright orange, the last ventral segment red with an oval black mark on either side ; lower surface of the anterior femora, about three vittffi on the intermediate and hind femora, a mark on the base of the tibias exteriorly and the tips of the tarsi black. Described from one female taken by Mr. C. L. Fox at Upper Soda Springs, Siskiyou Co., Calif., in July, 1914, and a male from Sonoma Co., received from Mr. Davis. This species may be recognized by its black, almost immaculate upper surface with bright orange vena- tion. The hind edge of pronotum is sometimes very narrowly pale. 17. Okanagana arctostaphylas new species. Closely allied to riniosa but proportionately more slender. Reddish-fer- ruginous with almost a purplish cast, marked with black on the vertex, anterior margin of the mesonotum and dorsal line of the abdomen. Length 24 mm., to tip of the elytra 33-37 mm. ; width of metanotum 9 mm. ; width of head 7 mm. ; elytra 9 by 28 mm. Head as wide as the anterior portion of the pronotum ; front unusually prominent ; surface of the head between the im- pressed areas quite smooth, not wrinkled as in rimosa. Front strongly convex, the median sulcus narrow above, transverse rugae rounding. Prono- tum 4 by 10 mm., the sides straight and parallel, or nearly so, anteriorly; humeral angles more produced and subangulate than in rimosa, and, with the broad posterior margin, transversely wrinkled. Opercula oblique, their apex feebly rounded and the sides a little sinuated, the meracanthi large. Last ventral segment of the female broadly notched with the sides of the sinus sinuated as in rimosa. In the male this segment is unusually long and nar- row to the rounded apex. Valve of the male a little shorter than in rimosa but longer than in vandiizeei. Elytral venation about as in rimosa, the basal cell a little narrower. This species is very uniform in its reddish-ferruginous color and is marked with black as follows : vertex excepting the base and sutures, sides of the face, frontal sulcus, rostrum except at base, lateral sub- margins of the pronotum and a pair of small spots on the middle of its anterior edge, base of the mesonotum (mostly covered by the j)ronotum), a mark on the sides of the mesonotum and a vitta on its depressed margin, a March, I9I5-] Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 35 dorsal vitta on the tergum. much widened at base, disk of the pleural pieces, at least in part, basal segment of the venter, mostly; sometimes a few small marks on the base of the apical segment, oviduct of the female, a small spot near the apex of the coxae, femora and tibiae and a cloud on the subcostal nervure at the node, sometimes absent. Elytra with a distinct purplish tinge. Described from one female and four male examples taken by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell at Mokelumne Hills, Calaveras Co., at an altitude of 1, 800 feet. These were found on the manzanita bushes on the red bark of which they were well concealed by their peculiar reddish coloring which is very remarkable in this genus. 18. Okanagana rubrovenosa Davis, ante. This is a small black species with the head, pronotum and mesono- tum clothed with minute dark rufous hairs giving the insect a dull reddish aspect. The wing venation is dark sanguineous becoming orange-red on the base of the hind wings; the costal nervure beyond the node and the commissural blackish. Uncus of male rather narrow and hooked about as in vanduzeei. This species recalls arctostaphylce but is much smaller and darker. Mr. Davis has kindly sent me for study his male type from ]\Iariposa Co., California. ig. Okanagana tristis new species. Black, less distinctly polished than in riniosa; pronotum proportionately longer and the elytra longer and narrower. Pronotum 4 by 10 mm.; elytra loyi to II mm. by 33 mm. Color deep black, opaque; supra-antennal plates marked \vith a small pale point ; mesonotum with the usual six pale marks small and inconspicuous, and there are also two marks on the lateral angles close to the base of the elytra and one on the middle of the lower lateral margin ; in some specimens the hind margin of the metanotum is also nar- rowly pale on either side ; margins of the pectoral pieces and coxae, lower svirface of the femora and tibiae, edges of the cheeks and front and the median line of the basal segment of the rostrum pale. In the female the sides of the front are concolorous. Venter and genital pieces except the female oviduct, pale, more or less fulvous; the basal segment with a trans- verse vitta and each segment of the connexivum with a median cloud, black; last ventral segment of the female with an oblique black mark on either side ; slender apical margins of the tergal segments beyond the third pale ; mem- brane of the costal nervure inconspicuously brownish grey. Upper surface sparsely covered with deciduous short white hairs with the usual group of longer whitish hairs in the lateral sinuses of the mesonotal X ; black surfaces beneath clothed with short silvery pubescense and with longer hairs on the 3G Journal New York Entomological Society. [^'°'- ^xiii. sides of the face. Length of body 24 to 25 mm. ; to tip of the elytra 35 to 37 mm. Described from one male and two females taken by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell at Shasta Retreat, Siskiyou Co., Calif., at an altitude of 2,416 feet on July li, 1905, one female taken by Dr. E. C. Van Dyke at Nash Mine, Trinity Co., Calif., at an altitude of 8,000 feet, June 28, 1913, and one female taken in April at Eldridge, Sonoma Co., re- ceived from Mr. Davis. The elongated form, somber black color and fulvous venter will distinguish this form. 20. Okanagana mariposa Davis, ante. Closely allied to riniosa and z'aiidiiccci but larger than either. It has the dull pubescent surface found in vanduseei and the long male valve of rinwsa. It can be best distinguished from either by its having the male uncus oblong and scarcely narrowed to the truncated apex. The only specimen I have seen was a male type kindly sent me for examination by Mr. W. T. Davis. It was taken in Mariposa Co. in June. 21. Okanagana rimosa Say. Say, Complete Writings, II, p. 27-> 1830 (Cicada) This is a deep black, almost a bluish-black, species marked with bright or reddish-orange. In this species the hind margin of the pronotum and usually the lateral and anterior margins more narrowly, are bright ftilvous, and there may be a pale line on the middle of the pronotum anteriorly extending a little on to the base of the vertex; the supra-antennal plates are broadly fulvous and the usual six pale marks on the mesonotum are well developed and I have considered them typical in this species (two on the crown of the X, two at the points of its anterior branches and two before these on the apex of the loops). Here the ventral segments are vittate with black, the head is 3^^ by 7 mm., measuring on the slope of the head and across the eyes; the pronotum is y/2 by 9 mm.; the width of the mesonotum is 8 mm.; and the elytra measure 8 by 28 mm. Uncus of male with- out an apical hook. Length of the body 23 to 24 mm.; to the tip of the elytra 33 to 35 mm. This species occurs across the whole continent from Vancouver Island to Quebec and as far south on the west coast as Fresno Co., Calif. March, igis-] A^\N DuzEE : West Coast Cicadid.e. 37 2.2. Okanagana canescens new species. Proportionately broader and shorter than rimosa; head more porrect ; color black, less polished than in rimosa, the whole surface, especially beneath whitish or greyish pubescent. Head 3^ by 7 mm.; width of mesonotum 8 mm. ; length of body 23 mm. ; to tip of the elytra 33 mm. ; elytra 9 by 26 mm., its first apical areole 7 mm. long, the costal 9 mm. Pale markings much reduced, soiled yellowish or greenish ; pronotum with the hind edge very narrowly pale, the lateral areas scarcely paler; venter pale greenish, the basal one half of the segments black; plural pieces and legs pale or greenish, the femora more or less broadly vittate with black ; tibise and tarsi black externally. Last ventral segment 2Y2 times the length of the penultimate, truncate at apex ; valve unusually narrow and pointed, five milli- meters in length. Last ventral segment of the female with a comparatively small incisure, hardly more than one third the width of the segment and reaching little more than half its length, distinctly sinuated near the fundus. Described from one male taken by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell at Duncan Mills, Sonoma Co., Calif., July 14, 1908, and a female in the collection of Mr. C. L. Fox without locality but undoubtedly taken in the Bay region. The dull black color and hoary aspect of this species will readily distinguish it. 2^. Okanagana vanduzeei Dist. Distant, Ann. :\Iag. Xat. Hist., Ser. S, XIV, p. 165, 1914. This species differs from rimosa in averaging a little smaller, in having the pale marks less extended and especially in having the last ventral segment of the male shorter and broader and truncated or somewhat emarginate at apex and the male valve obviously shorter, extending but about 3 mm. beyond the apex of the last ventral seg- ment and the uncus is distinctly hooked at apex. The surface is more greyish from the presence of short deciduous scale-like hairs and has less of the polished blue-black tint seen in rimosa. The face also is more heavily clothed with long whitish hairs. The type locality for this species is San Diego Co., Calif., but Dr. Van Dyke has taken it from as far north as Mt. Rainier, Wash., where he found it at an altitude of 6,000 feet. It seems to be the most generally distributed of our west coast Cicadas. 38 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o'- xxiii. 24. Okanagana vanduzeei var. consobrina Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, XIV, p. 165, 1914. This form differs from typical vanduzeei in being a little larger and apparently if not actually a little broader, and in being more hairy, with the surface more closely clothed with appressed yellowish deciduous scale-like hairs. It also has the pale colors much more extended with the elytral nervures pale on their basal one half. The male uncus scarcely differs from that of vanduzeei. Its more hairy surface, paler colors and more compact oval form gives this species a much more distinct appearance than its structural characters will justify. 25. Okanagana noveboracensis Emm. Emmons, Nat. Hist. N. Y., Agric, V, 152, pi. 9, fig. 6, 1852 {Cicada). This is the only Okanagana I know that is peculiar to the cast It is included here to complete the record of our known forms of this genus. It is a little longer than riniosa with an obviously narrower head (i^ by 6 mm.), and has the pale markings much more extended and more tinged with greenish rather than with orange, the lateral areas of the pronotum being mostly pale. The male uncus is a little longer and more parallel than in riniosa and is without a hook at apex. I have seen specimens of this only from the vicinity of Niagara Falls. 26. Okanagana vandykei new species. Allied to rimosa with the pale markings much extended and scarcely tinged with orange, sometimes distinctly greenish. Head 3j% mm. by 7 mm.; pronotum 4 by 10 mm.; length 25 to 27 mm. to tip of elytra 33 to Z7 mm.; expanse 70 mm. Front rather strongly compressed, the median carinse un- usually prominent and the sulcus well expanded below the middle. Color black, less polished than in rimosa. Vertex black with a pale basal mark behind each lateral ocellus ; supra-antennal plates and superior base of the front conjointly pale ; a black cloud on the prominent apex sometimes extending to the basal suture. Pronotum pale with a median black vitta geminate anteriorly, and some black marks in the lateral depressions. Meso- notum with a lateral vitta, the edge of the expanded lower margin, the disk of the X and a large spot at the tip of its anterior branches including the apex of the loop, pale. Hind edge of the metanotum and basal segment of the abdomen slenderly pale. Tergum and superior genital pieces black, the sides of the apical segment marked with pale. Beneath and legs mostly pale, March, I9I3.] VaN DuZEE : WesT CoAST ClCADID^. Ji9 the sides of the face, disk of the meso- and metapleura, base of the first ventral segment, a line on either side close to the base of the remaining seg- ments, a cloud on each segment of the connexivum and a mark either side of last ventral segment and the oviduct of the female black. Front more or less ferruginous. Knees and apex of the tarsi above touched with black. Elytral nervures pale to beyond the node, infuscated at apex. The hyaline portion of the elytra slightly fuliginous, the basal areole subopaque, fuscous. Male uncus much like that of noveboraceusis but a little broader and more convex below toward the apex. Described from four examples taken by Dr. E. C. Van Dyke; one pair captured at Carrville, Trinity Co., Calif., June 29, 1913, two males from Nash Mine, Trinity Co., June 29, 1913, at an altitude of 8,000 feet, and one male taken by Mr. Nunenmacher in Plumas Co. in June and now in the collection of Mr. Davis. It affords me pleasure to name this distinct species for its dis- coverer who has long been known as one of the most active and efficient entomologists on the coast, a close student of the Coleoptera and perhaps our best authority on the ecology and distribution of the west American insect fauna. 27. Okanagana californicus Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser., 8, XIV, page 166, 1914. This pretty species resembles consobrina but it is smaller with the surface more polished, the colors clearer, the pale markings more extended and the surface less densely clothed with pale scale-like hairs. The male genital characters scarcely differ from those of vanduzeei of which it may be but a variety. Thus far it has been taken only south of the Tehachapi. 28. Okanagana striatipes Hald. Haldemann, Stansburj'"s Expedition, p. 369, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1S52 {Cicada). As I determine this species it is very close to californicus but is more strongly narrowed anteriorly, the head is narrower (3 by 5 mm.), the front is more produced above and mostly black, the prono- tum is black margined all around with pale and sometimes with pale marks in the lateral depressed lines, the venter is pale and im- maculate, the mesonotum wants the pale marks at the apex of the loop and sometimes those at the anterior angles of the X. The male 40 Journal Xew York Entomological Society, t^'o'- ^^in- genital characters of these species scarcely differ. Dr. J. C. Bradley took this species in Humboldt Co., Calif., in June, the California Academy of Sciences has an example taken by U. C. Stevens in Coos Co., Oregon, in June, and Dr. Wilson sends me specimens from Oregon taken at Marysville and Corvallis in June and July. It was described from Utah. 29. Okanagana triangulata Davis, ante. This is our largest species of the syuodica group. It has promi- nent rounded supra-antennal plates ; the basal areole of the elytra is decidedly narrowed to an obliquely rounded apex ; the pale hind margin of the pronotum is rather broad, the disk of the mesonotum is black with the four pale spots small. The abdomen is pale with a large triangular black basal spot on the tergum reaching the sides at base and attaining the anteapical segment and there is a row of black marks along each side. The last ventral segment is rather narrow at apex and almost truncated; valve long; uncus oblong, parallel sided, its apex slightly curved above with an arcuated notch beneath. Mr. Davis has kindly sent me for examination a male type taken by Mr. Nunenmacher in Mendocino Co. in May. 30. Okanagana mercedita Davis, ante. This is a smaller species than the preceding with which it agrees in having rounded supra-antennal plates. The basal areole of the elytra is oblong and square at apex. The colors are clearer than in the preceding species with the pale areas inclined to fulvous in places and more extended. The abdomen is black above with the hind edge of the segments very narrowly paler ; the venter is pale with the discal base of the segments blackish and there is a black spot on either side of the last ventral segment of the female ; the hind margin of this segment is deeply narrowly excavated almost to its base. I have seen but a single female specimen, taken in Merced Co., Calif., in June and sent to me for examination by Mr. Davis. 31. Okanagana synodica Say. Say, Complete Writings, II, p. 253, 1825 (Cicada). Form ovate and quite strongly narrowed before. Front promi- nent, roundedly angulate when viewed from the side; striae con- March, ipis-] Van Duzee : West Coast Cicadid.e. 41 spicuous, continued well over on to the superior base but omitting a triangular basal area ; median sulcus well defined and continued to the apex. Supra-antennal plates oblique when viewed from above ; the carinate edge sharp, curved about the antennae and produced well down on the side next the eyes. Pronotum 3 by 7 mm. ; both anterior and posterior margins rather strongly arcuated, the former broadly flattened, without a linear smooth marginal carina; sides distinctly emarginate before the prominent rounded humeral angles ; anterior to the sinus nearly straight and crenulated. Mesonotal X more trans- verse. Meracanthi rather broad, about equalling the opercula. Basal areole of elytra oblong, parallel, a little oblique at apex, its inner margin rectilinear. Last ventral segment of male broadly rounded; valve long, about 4 mm. (Uncus concealed in the specimen before me.) Color black above, pale beneath. Median vitta and margins of the front, supra-antennal plates and median line of vertex and basal margins and lateral areas of pronotum pale, the latter interrupted by a black vitta at the humeri ; the median line of pronotum mostly pale. Mesonotum with the lateral margins, the X, and two discal vittse covering the loops and anterior arms of the X, pale ; the transverse scrobe of the X brown. Narrow edges of the tergal segments and their broad sides pale, the apical segments mostly pale. Beneath the coxae, femora, tarsi and basal segment of the venter are marked with black. Elytral nervures pale to the apical areoles ; basal areole opaque, chestnut brown. Length to tip of abdomen 18 mm., to apex of the elytra 22 mm. Redescribed from one male taken at Denver, Colo., by Mr. Oslar and received from Mr. Davis who writes me that this determination is in accordance with that in the Uhler collection, and it is as correct as can probably now be made. This species may not occur in Cali- fornia but the description is included here for comparison with our closely related forms. The male uncus is concealed in this specimen. 32. Okanagana uncinata new species. Allied to triangulata, a little smaller with the supra-antennal plates oblique and the male uncus with a short broad hook at apex. Front prominent as in synodica, the striae nearly obsolete over the apex ; superior basal area rounded before ; median sulcus nearly obsolete above and 42 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o^- xxiii. below but with prominent carinae at the middle; viewed from the side the front is rather strongly angled at the middle ; supra-antennal plates oblique, their carinate edge distinct across the whole width but not carried down below the line of the antennae next the eye. Pronotum 3 by 8 mm. ; anterior and posterior margins regularly feebly arcuated, the femora narrowly calloused as in the allied species; prominent humeral angles subquadrate, the sides an- teriorly regularly feebly arcuated. Mesonotal X less transverse than in triangulata or synodica. Merecanthi narrower and shorter than in triangulata, not quite as long as the opercula. Basal areole of the elytra oblong, parallel, the inner margin rectilinear and the apex cut off square. Last ventral seg- ment of the male rather short and truncated at apex; valve long, 31/^ mm.; uncus with a broad truncated hook at apex. Color fuscous or blackish ; pale markings much extended ; margins of the front and tumid apex of the head paler ; vertex with three obscure paler basal spots. Pronotum with the median and lateral impressed lines pale ; the pale margins much extended on the sides and humeri ; narrow calloused anterior edge conspicuously pale ; mesonotal X and loops mostly or entirely pale as are also the narrow margins of the abdominal segments ; the connexivum broadly pale and marked with transverse black spots above. Valve pale, the genital pieces piceous ; pleural pieces and legs mostly pale ; elytral venation black toward the apex, the basal and base of the adjoining areoles opaque and brown. Length to tip of abdomen 18 mm., to tip of elytra 22 mm. Described from two males taken by me on grass along the road five miles north of San Juan Capistrano, Calif., June 25, 1914. 33. Okanagana minuta Davis, ante. This is the smallest Okanagana known to me. The front is unusually prominent and rounded before when viewed from the side, with the superior basal area broad-triangular and the sulcus con- spicuous above but nearly obsolete below. Supra-antennal plates oblique with their carinate edge straight above when viewed from before becoming obsolete on the sides next the eyes. Pronotum broadly feebly arcuated before, more strongly so behind, the anterior slenderly carinate ; sides obtusely emarginate before the rounded humeri. Basal areole of the elytra parallel, its apex slightly oblique. The last ventral segment of the male is narrower than usual and rounded at apex; uncus elongate-ovate, narrowed to the apex which is armed with rather long and narrow vertical hooks. The pale colors in this species are but little extended with the narrow margins of the abdominal segments and the genital pieces pale. Of this species I have seen a series of 13 males kindly sent me for March, 191 5.] y^N DuzEE : West Coast Cicadid^. 43 study by Mr. C. H. Kennedy from the Stanford University col- lection. I also possess two very small males taken in Fresno Co., by Dr. J. C. Bradley in June, 1907, which seem to differ only in having the last ventral segment broader and sinuated at apex. I could find no difference in the form of the uncus or in other structural details. Genus 7. TIBICINOIDES Dist. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Scr. 8, XIV, p. 166, 1914. Peculiar in having the basal one half of the elytra infuscated and subcoriaceous and the transverse fold crossing the elytra at the node strongly developed, resembling a transverse nervure. Type Tibiccn cupreo-sparsa Uhler. 34. Tibicinoides cupreo-sparsus Uhler. Uhler, Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., I, p. 43, 1S89 (Tibicen). This pretty little species is very distinct by its elliptical form, blackish-brown color and the scarlet base of the wings. It has been found in San Diego Co., and as far north as Los Angeles, It occurs close to the ground on a low fine grass and makes a feeble chirping sound that can be heard but a short distance and is easy to locate. 35. Tibicinoides hesperius Uhler. Uhler, Bui. U. S. Geol. Geog. Surv., I, p. 342, 1876 (Cicada). This larger species was described from Colorado but Dr. Uhler reports it from Nevada and from the vicinity of San Francisco and San Diego. I have not seen specimens from California. Note. — After this paper had gone to the printer Mr. Davis kindly sent to me for examination examples of the following two species previously unknown to me. As indicated by the numbers Okanagana hirsuta should follow mariposa and occidentaUs should follow canesccns. 20a. Okanagana hirsuta Davis, ante. A large species with the elytra broader than in riinosa that may at once be distinguished from all the allied forms by its having the lower surface and legs rather thickly clothed with long grey hairs. The basal areole of the elytra is entirely hyaline with its apical angle 44 Journal New York Entomological Society. tVoi. xxiii. a little more than a right angle; the pronotum is black with its hind edge narrowly pale; the mesonotum has the six discal fulvous spots smaller than in rimosa; and the tergal segments are very slenderly edged with fulvous on either side, more broadly so on the second segment. Mr. Davis has kindly sent me for inspection a female type taken on Santa Rosa Island off the coast of Santa Barbara Co., Calif. 23a. Okanagana occidentalis Walk. Walker, in Lord, Nat in Vane. Isd. and Br. Columbia, ii, p. 339, 1866, Cicada. Walker's description of this species applies almost equally well to rimosa but he distinctly mentions the fact that the first transverse vein is parted from the second by more than twice its length. The present species is the only one known to me of which this is true. It differs however from Walker's description in having the elytral nervures black to their base and in wanting the pale markings on the disk of the pronotum. This species differs from all its allies in having the first ulnar nervure forked very near its base ; the wing appendix is also broader with its anal areole broader and more rounded at apex. Of this form I have seen but a single female specimen which was kindly sent me for study by Mr, W. T. Davis. This individual was taken at Dilley, Oregon, in July. A NEW MEMBRACID FROM NEW YORK (HOMOP.) By Lewis B. Woodruff, New York, N. Y. Just north of the limits of New York City a species of Cyrfolobiis flourishes which seems to be as yet undescribed. It falls in the sub- genus Atymna, Stal. Although occurring in great abundance on its food plant, Querciis hicolor, in the locality where it has been found, the trees show no apparent injury from its presence. Both sexes March, 19 1 5-] WoODRUFF : NeW MeMBRACID. 45 have been taken, the females outnumbering" the males more than two to one. The species is characterized as follows: CyrtologUS helena, new species. Plate IV, Figs, i to 5. Slender. Pronotum low, coarsely and unevenly punctate, densely on metopidium, progressively more sparsely from humeri to apex ; highest at point over posterior end of humeral sinus, thence arcuate to apex. Face very uneven, sparsely and finely punctured, margins of the cheeks sinuate. Clypeus gradually produced and incurved at apex. Tibiae with fine spines. Male type. — Characterized generally as above, the dorsal crest gently arcuate from before humeral angles to medial transverse vitta, thence rather abruptly decurved and almost rectilinear to apex, which reaches a point above anterior angle of costal cell of elytra next forward of terminal areole. Face and base of metopidium yellowish green, eyes clouded. Pronotum with anterior vitta: light warm brown narrowing luievenly from just above medial lateral margins to carina, where they meet in an acute angle anterior to point above humeri. Medial and apical vittae reaching lateral margins, black for dorsal third, dark brown below, the former vitta throwing a process forward toward anterior vitta two-thirds below dorsal carina. Between these vittae, and forward of the anterior V, the ground color of the pronotum is creamy white, including the upper part of the metopidium. Elytra clear hyaline, at exteme base narrowly thickened, punctured, and clouded with dark brown ; apical cloud sharply defined, blackish brown, almost covering terminal areole and abruptly narrowing to meet pronotal apex. Nervures brown on apical half, creamy toward base. Beneath and legs creamy white; claws pinkish, tipped with black. Abdomen black, last joints medially and claspers pale. Length 6 mm. Female allotype. — In form and structure like the male, but slightly larger, and the dorsal crest is distinctly higher and more regularly arcuate to the tip, which reaches middle of terminal areole. Face and pronotum pale green, the latter irregularly peppered with whitish. Carina broadly creamy white with central interrupted narrow black line from basal third almost to apex, the black irregularly staining the white beneath it. Broad pinkish spots at anterior margin of metopidium. Beneath pale green, base of abdomen, ovi- positor, and claws pinkish, the latter black at apices. Elytra wholly hyaline. Length 7 mm. Male type and female allotype taken by author in coitu on Qncrais hicolor at Bronxville, Westchester County, New York, June 8, 1913. Type and allotype in author's collection; paratypes in collections of E. P. Van Duzee, W. T. Davis, University of California, Cornell Univer- sity and American Museum of Natural History. 46 Journal New York Entomological Society, ["^''o'- xxiii. A large series of topotypic examples, including several copulating pairs taken in the years 1911 to 1914 inclusive, shows in the male con- siderable variation in the width and extent of the pronotal dark vittae, which are sometimes maculated with creamy white, and occasionally a dark spot is found on the pronotal carina in the middle of the pale area bounded by the anterior oblique and the medial transverse vittse. The greenish color of the base of the metopidium also varies in ex- tent, often wholly suffusing it, while the black of the abdomen, and, in general, the amount of pigmentation throughout, is dependent upon the degree of maturity of the insect. In the female the amount of the whitish pronotal maculation is very variable, as is the continuity of the black line along the dorsal carina. The abdomen, too, is often wholly whitish green. The accompanying plate illustrates the macu- lation and form of the specimens described, except that they are some- what more slender than is indicated in figures 3 and 4. Falling close to Cyrtolohus {Atyuina) qiicrci. Fitch, it is readily distinguished from that species in the male by the creamy white pronotal area, pale metopidium and clear hyaline elytra with sharply defined apical fuscous cloud. The female is very similar in aspect to the female of qiierci, but in general the green of the crest is more mottled with whitish, and the black line on the dorsal carina more interrupted. In form the crest in both sexes is more decidedly ar- cuate, is continued higher posteriorly, and is more coarsely and less densely punctured; the anterior marginal ridge of the cheeks is more sinuate ; and the clypeus more broadly and gradually produced. This species appears in the mature form about the first of June and reaches its greatest abundance at the middle of the month, con- tinuing, however, through July. Although Qucrcus alba (on which Cyrtolohus qiicrci abounds) and oaks of the 0. rubra series occur in the immediate neighborhood, I have never found this species on any of them, Q. hicolor apparently being its exclusive food plant. Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, to whom I have submitted examples, has kindly examined the species and compared it with the material in his own very complete collection, and writes me that it is new to him, confirming my conclusion that it is as yet undescribed. The species is named in honor of my wife in recognition of her self-sacrificing encouragement of my entomological studies. Joiini. N. Y. Eul. Soc. Vol. XXIIl. PL 4. Membracidae. March, I915-] SCHAEFFER: NeW CoLEOPTERA. 47 Explanation of Plate IV. Cyrtolobus Helena, lateral view of male. Cyrtolobus lielena, lateral view of female. Cyrtolobus helena, dorsal view of male. Cyrtolobus helena, dorsal view of female. Cyrtolobus helena, outline of anterior aspect. Cyrtolobus qucrci, outline of anterior aspect. Fig. I. Fig. 2. Fig. 3- Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. NEW COLEOPTERA AND MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. By Charles Schaeffer, Brooklyn, N. Y. Trechus borealis new species. Elongate, piceous, shining, antennae, palpi and legs paler. Frontal im- pressions deep ; eyes moderately prominent. Prothorax transverse, anterior margin feebly emarginate, basal margin straight at middle, more or less oblique on each side ; lateral margin moderately arcuate in front, convergent behind ; basal angles reflexed, obtuse not acute ; median line deeply impressed. Elytra elongate-oval, generally with five more or less distinctly impressed, punctured stripe. Length 4 mm. Labrador, Battle Harbor (Engelhardt) ; Newfoundland, Bay St. George (Engelhardt) ; New Jersey; Lg. Island, Bellport (Nicolay). This is the species I incorrectly identified and described in my synopsis^ as Trechus rnbcns. The latter is a European species and I doubt its occurrence in North America, at least, it differs from any North American species which I have seen. Herr Edmund Reitter of Paskau, Bohmen, very kindly sent me a few specimens of the true T. rnbcns which resemble the below described T. chalyhccus var. coloradcnsis very much but have longer antennal joints, less promi- nent eyes, longer elytra with five impressed, punctured elytral stride, the prothorax less transverse and relatively longer with lateral margins more widely reflexed and the hind angles rectangular and acute. The above described T. borealis has some of the characters of T. rubens, but the prothorax is relatively shorter with the hind angles 1 Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. History, Vol. XIV, p. 210, pi. XXVIII, fig. i. 48 Journal New York Entomological Society. fVoi. xxiii. obtuse, not acute and the antennal joints and the elytra are relatively shorter than in ruhcns. T. chalyhccus, of which I have specimens from Alaska, British Columbia, California and Whiteface Mt., New York, differs from T. borcalis in having slightly larger and more convex eyes, the hind angles of prothorax acute and nearly rectangular, the base of thorax straight, not oblique each side, and generally only the first three elytral striae impressed. It is also reported from New Jersey but I doubt the correctness of the determinaion as my New Jersey speci- men is T. borcalis. The specimens of T. cJialybariis in my collection from the above mentioned localities show inter se very little variation, however, there are two forms, one from Utah and one from Colorado, which differ sufficiently to receive a name as varieties of T. chalybcrus. Trechus chalybseus var. utahensis new variety. This form, collected by J. Chr. Weidt in southwest Utah, is larger (15.5 mm.) and a little more convex than chalybcrus but has the elytral striae as in rubens and borcalis, that is, five distinctly impressed stride with the sixth and seventh feebly impressed, but the latter more prominent than in typical chalybcrus. The form of thorax and the prominent eyes as in chalybccus. Trechus chalybseus var. coloradensis new variety. This form, from Colorado, has the thorax almost as in typical rubens, that is, relatively longer and the lateral margin behind middle somewhat sinuately narrowing to the basal angles, which are acute and a little prominent, the elytra and eyes as in typical chalybccus. Trechus barbarae Horn. Dr. Horn in his description of this species states that the dorsal pnunctures of elytra are as usual. Having only a single specimen at the time I wrote the synopsis, I suggested that the five or six setigerous punctures on each elytron of the specimen kindly loaned me by the late Charles Fuchs and figured on plate 28, Vol. XIV of Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., are possibly abnormal. However, a second specimen, which I have seen lately, has also on each elytron an irregular row of five or six setigerous punctures. March, 19IS-] SCHAEFFER: NeW CoLEOPTERA. 49 Philonthus chalceus Steph. Several specimens collected by Mr, E. Shoemaker on Long Island, N. Y., and one at Alexandria Co., Va., are referable to P. chalceus Steph., a European species. This species is of the size of P. poUtus Linn, (ccneiis Ross.) but is of a greenish bronze color; the head is more oval with the hind angles more rounded and more sparsely punctured. The prothorax has a dorsal series of three punctures. The basal line of the first two dorsal segments is produced at middle as in ceneus but not as strongly. The anterior tarsi of the male are only feebly dilated and the last ventral segment is at middle very deeply triangularly emargi- nate, the penultimate feebly so at middle. Philonthus varians Payk. In his Synopsis of the Philonthi of Boreal America in Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XI, 195, Dr. Horn, remarking under Philonthus varians, " the form occurring with us is the variety agilis," gives only a description of this variety. However, typical varians occur also in the United States and are frequently taken by local collectors at the following localities : New Lots, Long Island, N. Y., by E. Shoemaker ; Bellport, Long Island, N. Y., by A. Nicolay; Eort Montgomery, N. Y. and Eranklin Furnace, N. J., by F. M. Schott. Typical P. varians are black with feeble metallic lustre, elytra with a red or reddish yellow spot. The reddish spot variable in size and more or less triangular, widest near apex and narrowing towards the basal angles, sometimes reduced to a small subtriangular sub- apical spot, rarely specimens occur without spot. The variety agilis differs from the typical form in being smaller, antennae a little shorter and stouter with the joints more transverse; the color is black with feeble metallic lustre, the elytra are black or piceous, at apex reddish brown or sometimes entirely reddish brown, Saurohypnus scutellaris Sharp. This species, of which I have a specimen from Brownsville, Texas, has to be added to our list. It was described from Mexico and the genus and species was mentioned by Col. Casey in his paper on the Xantholini^ as not occurring in our fauna. 1 Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Vol. XVI, pp. 366-375. 50 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xxiil Canthon nigricornis var. punctaticoUis new variety. Form, size and characters of nigricornis. but |)rothorax and head finely scabrous and with numerous punctures. Florida. The prothorax in niyricornis is granulate, the granules elongate, of which there is no indication in punctoticollis. Caiithon puncticollis Lee. Cantlwn nycteliiis Bates, Biol. Cent. Am., Col., Vol. II, pt. 2, p. 31. C. nyctcUus described by Bates from Mexico was compared by him with C. puncticollis Lee, from which he distinguished it "by the re- markable depression at the base of the thorax and elytra, and the corresponding elevation of the second and third elytral interstices at their base." Though Ur. Leconte does not mention these characters in the- description of C. puncticollis the type and all other Lower Cali- fornia specimens, which I have seen, have this thoracic and elytral depression very well pronounced. Arizona specimens and those which I have taken in Hidalgo and Brownsville, Texas, differ con- stantly from typical puncticollis in the absence of this thoracic de- pression and are therefore entitled to a separate name. Canthon puncticollis var. integricoUis new variety. Differs from typical puncticollis in the absence of the distinct, sub- triangular basal depression at middle of the prothorax. The scutellar de- pression is variable, well pronounced in some specimens in others less and the tumid elevation of the second and third elytral interval at base may be more or less distinct or entirely absent. The size is generally smaller and the elytral and thoracic sculpture finer. Length 5 mm. Hidalgo (type) and Brownsville, Texas; Sta. Rita Mts., Arizona. Aphodius hagmorrhoidalis Linn. Several specimens, which I identify without hesitation as this European species, were taken by Mr. Fred. Wintersteiner at Secaucus and Hackensack meadows in New Jersey. This species is a little shorter and stouter than granariits, black with apex of elytra reddish brown (typical form) ; sometimes the humeral unborne also reddish (var. humcralis) ; the prothorax is coarsely punctate with some finer punctures intermixed. The scutel- lum is long, not longitudinally impressed and densely punctured except at apex; the elytral striae are more deeply impressed and wider than March, 1915.] Schaeffer: New Coleoptera. 51 in granarhts, the intervals are flat and finely punctate; the hind tibiee are fimbriate with equal spinules. By its elongate scutellum hccmorhoidalis has to be associated in our fauna with fossor, haniatiis and crraticus. Strategus julianus var. arizonicus new variety. Two fully developed male specimens from Prescott, Arizona, in my col- lection differ from specimens from Texas by having the lateral prothoracic horns acute or subacute and not broad and more or less obliquely truncate at apex as in typical julianus; the median ridge of prothorax is flatter and the lateral impressions are not as deep as in typical julianus and feebly or not at all rugose ; the clypeus is acutely triangularly emarginate. The female does not differ from typical julianus. In about twenty-five males from Texas, from small males with feebly developed cephalic and prothoracic armature to large, fully developed males the lateral thoracic horns are broad at apex and not pointed and agree with Burmeister's description, " cornibus pronoti maris posticis latis, alccfonnibus." Strategus julianus was originally described from Mexico. Heterobrenthus texanus new species. Male. — Narrow elongate. Head quadrate, constricted behind, vertex, con- vex, sulcate, at base slightly emarginate with the angles somewhat depressed and projecting. Beak as long as the prothorax, more or less distinctly sulcate, between the eyes and the antennal inser- tion broader than before the latter, apex dilated- Antenna inserted at about the middle of the beak, reaching a little beyond the middle of the pro- thorax, joints two to eleven gradually increasing in length and width, the first seven antennal joints glabrous, the last four pubescent. Prothorax elon- gate, apex and base truncate, at base constricted, sides arcuate, narrowing to apex ; surface smooth, shining, with a few very small punctures. Elytra at base as wide as the prothorax in its widest part, feebly narrowing to apex, which is slightly sinuate truncate, surface shining, the two striae near suture deeply impressed and impunctate, the outer ones represented by rows of more or less distinct and rather coarse punctures, the intervals at apex more or less costiform ; color piceous, a spot at base on H. texanus n. sp. Male. 52 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^'o^- xxiii. the third and fourth interval and on each of the third, fourth and seventh intervals a little before middle and on the third, fourth and fifth about apical third reddish yellow. Head beneath with four or five large punctures on each side. Body beneath smooth and shining. Anterior femora with a tooth, front tibiae arcuate and with a rather strong tooth below middle ; intermediate and posterior femora and tibia mutic. Female. — Differs from the male in having the beak longer and narrower before the antennal insertion, and not dilated at apex and the tooth on anterior femora much smaller, anterior tibia; feebly curved, otherwise as the male. Length 8-10.25 mm. Texas, one male (O. Dietz) ; Los Borregos near Brownsville, Texas, one female in the National Museum (H. S. Barber). This species looks very much like a small Eupsalis miniita in form and coloration, but has a different form of head and antennae and longer beak. It is very close to the Mexican H. distans from which it seems to differ only in the markings of elytra. The male in my collection, collected by the late Ottomar Dietz, was only labelled " Texas " but as he also collected in Brownsville and received afterwards some material from there I think that the speci- men came from Brownsville, as I greatly doubt the occurrence of this species outside of semitropical Texas. Since Dr. Horn's revision of the Brenthidse^ two species represent- ing two genera new ta our fauna have been added and to facilitate the recognition of these and the one described above a table for the identification of genera and species known to occur in North America is given below. In Genera Insectorum and Coleopterorum Catalogus the genus Cylas is not included in the family Brenthidse. The genus is a dis- turbing element and is perhaps better placed in a separate family. Table of Genera and Species of North American Brenthid^. 1. Head longer than broad, oval, prolonged and convergent behind the eyes, beak of female shorter than that of the male 6 Head short, transverse or quadrate, hardly prolonged and not convergent behind the eyes, beak of female either equal in length to that of the male or longer 2 2. Antennal joints two to eleven equal in width, or the outer slightly narrower; head simple without any projecting hind angles, not strongly con- stricted behind, vertex not, or at most faintly sulcate ; beak very dis- 1 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. IV, p. 127. March, I9I5] SCHAEFFER : Xew CoLEOPTERA. 53 similar in the two sexes; shorter and broader in the male, very narrow, cylindrical in the female. Eastern N. America. Enpsalis Lac. Antennae with outer four or five joints ovate or subovate, last joint strongly anurainate. Thorax very sparsely and finely punctate, beak of male of the larger specimens very short and broad with prominent stout mandibles E. minuta Oliv. Thorax distinctly punctate, beak of large males elongate and narrower var. lecontei Pow. Antennae with outer five joints cylindrical or sub-cylindrical, last joint long; beak of male elongate narrow; thorax very sparsely and finely punctate subsp. Sallei Pow. Outer joints of antennae broader 3 3. Joints two to eleven gradually increasing in length and width 5 Joints two to eight of antennae equal in width or very nearly so, last three joints slightly broader, forming a feeble club 4 4. Suture between first and second ventral segments distinct and deeply impressed Vasseletia Sharp. Brown, opaque ; rostrum of male in front of antennal insertion mod- erately broad and slightly dilated at apex, of female narrow and cylindrical ; head and posterior part of rostrum impressed above ; prothorax constricted in front, surface with longitudinal broad, median impression ; elytral internals alternately convex and not punctate, the other intervals with large somewhat perforate punc- tures. (Lower California) V. vasseleti Boh. Suture between first and second ventral segments obliterated at middle, visible at sides TracheHsns Schonh. Brown, more or less shining, rostrum nearly alike in the two sexes, except that the basal part is as long as the apical in the male and of equal width, while the female has the basal part shorter and broader than the apical ; prothorax nearly impunctate with a strong, longitudinal median impression ; elytra nearly parallel with strongly impressed sutural striae which are impunctate, the other striae repre- sented by rows of feebly impressed punctures, except the three near side margin, which are deeply impressed. Femora and tibiae mutic. (Key Largo and Elliott's Key, Florida.) T. tmcimanus Boh. 5. Head strongly constricted behind, vertex sulcate with basal angles slightly projecting backwards, behind each eye an angular projection. Heterobrenthus Sharp. Color piceous or castaneous ; prothorax elongate, oval, convex, not longitudinally impressed ; elytra with flavous spots nearly as in Eupsaiis minuta and varieties. Rostrum nearly alike in both sexes, but of the male slightly broader in front of the antennal insertion 54 Journal New York Entomological Society. [NoI. xxiii. and dilated at apex, of the female slender and not dilated at apex; anterior femora and tibiae dentate, intermediate and posterior femora mutic (Brownsville, Texas.) H. fexaniis n. sp. 6. Antennal joints gradually increasing in width ; beak slender, shorter in the female than in the male Brenthiis Fab. Second elytral interval narrow, costiform from a little before the middle to apex; thorax elongate conical in both sexes, longitudinally impressed from base to nearly to apex, all the femora dentate in both sexes (Lower California) B. peninsularis Horn. Second elytral interv-al flat in its entire length, thorax very elongate and broadly constricted at middle in the male, conical in the female, longitudinally impressed in basal half, only the anterior femora dentate (Southern Florida and Lower California). B. anchorago Linn. Power in Ann. Soc. Ent. dd' France, 1878, Vol. VIII, p. 494, de- scribed Eupsalis Iccontci and sallei from North America which never have been recognized in the United States. Of lecontei I have four large males (21 mm.) from New York, Wisconsin and northern Illinois and of sallei four males and two females of different sizes (11-19 mm.) from Virginia, Florida and Texas. Both differ from large developed males of typical miniito in having a narrower and more elongate beak and smaller head, the prothorax is very finely Eupsalis minuta Oliv. Male. E. minuta ssp. sallei Pow. Male. March, 1915] Leng-Shoemaker : New Lampyrid.^. 55 obsoletely punctate in sallci, distinctly punctate in Iccontci, the antennae of lecontci are as in miniita, that is, the outer joints are ovate or subovate, in sallci cylindrical or subcylindrical. The females of Iccontci, which I do not know, very likely differ only from typical viimita in the stronger punctate prothorax and those of sallci in the cylindrical outer joints of antennx, otherwise they are exactly like iiiimita. In a large number of specimens, collected mostly in the neighbor- hood of New York City, the beak of the males varies according to the development of the specimen, but as a rule the larger fully developed males have the beak very short and very broad at apex with large, prominent mandibles while in the smaller and feebler males the rostrum is relatively a little longer, narrower at apex and the mandibles are less prominent. Judging from the material examined E. lecontci and sallci are entitled to recognition. A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF LAMPYRID^. By Charles W. Leng and Ernest Shoemaker, West New Brighton, N. Y. The beetle described below was found by the junior author while sweeping in the woods near Glencarlyn, Va., in June, 1912, and was exhibited at an informal meeting of the New York Entomological Society as a rare acquisition the following winter. Since nothing so far described seems to correspond with its characters, even gener- ically, it seems best to publish its description, with a figure, drawn by the junior author, by which it is hoped, other specimens of the same species, perhaps unnamed in private collections, may be brought to light. NEOCELETES new genus. This genus will form a new member of the group Lyci, having the middle coxse distant, prothoracic spiracle with tubular chitinous peri- treme prominently elevated, but with the front not prolonged into a b)eak, antenUcT not pectinate. It cannot therefore consist with any 56 Journal New York Entomological Society, f^'o'- ^xiii. of the genera separated from the old genus Calopteron by Leconte.^ It looks like a small Celetes, but differs by the slightly larger eyes, the dense coarse hairs that clothe the body and the crater-like eleva- tion of the disk of the thorax. Neoceletes crateracollis new species. Black, mandibles yellow, tliorax above yellow, submargin of elytra towards apex faintly pale ; densely clothed throughout with short coarse hairs except on the second joint of the antennae and on the abdomen, the hairs yellow on the thorax, black elsewhere. Elongate, slender, head depressed, scarcely vis- ible from above, eyes globose, prominent, finely granulated, separated by less than half their width ; head between the eyes vaguely bvit deeply channeled, mandibles small, acute, last joint of palpi truncate; antennae black, densely clothed with short black hairs except on second joint, strongly compressed, serrate, densely punctate ; prothorax small, elevated on the disk into a crater- like cell, nearly circular in outline, but slightly angulate behind, superior margin of cell apparently crenulate, densely clothed with hairs, elevation greatest behind, where it is prolonged into a short process projecting over the scutellum ; the deeply indented bottom of the cell impunctate, shining; elytra slightly wider behind, rounded at apex, multicostate with a double series of quadrate punctures between the costae, which are not greatly elevated above the narrow intervals separating the lines of punctures, surface feebly shining, densely clothed with short black hairs. The second joint of the antennae is short, broader than long, oval, glabrous, third joint as long as broad, suc- ceeding joints gradually slightly longer, eleventh joint feebly appendiculate. The legs are black, compressed, tarsi compressed, claws feebly toothed at base, legs clothed with hairs like the body. Last ventral segment of male long, conical, shining ; penultimate segment so deeply divided as to appear only as a pair of plates embracing the last segment ; the base of the penultimate seg- ment is concealed by the deeply circularly emarginate preceding segment. Length, s mm. One specimen collected at Glencarlyn, Alexandria County, Vir- ginia, June 23, 1912. 1 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, IX, p. 17. Jonrn. N. V. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXIII. FI. 5. Lycicte. March, 19I5-] LlOYD : NOTES ON AsTENOPHYLAX ARGUS. 57 NOTES ON ASTENOPHYLAX ARGUS HARRIS. (TRICHOPTERA).i By J. T. Lloyd, Ithaca, N. Y. During the hot days of August, when the streams of our fields and gorges are low and warm, if one goes to the alder-swamps to the north or south of Ithaca he will find clear, cool streams maintaining an abundant flow of water. In winter when our deeply frozen nearby streams do not break the snow-cover of adjacent fields, except where narrow dark lines carpeted with anchor ice mark the course of the swiftest riffles, the open waters of the swamp streams show as narrow lines of black contrasted to the snow cover of surrounding thick- ets. Only in the severest weather a film of ice forms across their most quiet regions and in protected bays along their banks. And when in spring, the snow melts and the freshets come, the surface-fed streams quickly rise to many times their normal volume, their muddy waters overflowing low banks and rushing in deep torrents through gorges, carrying sand and pebbles and grinding with large boulders, the swamp-streams flow quietly on, their clear waters hardly above their August levels and their bottoms of twigs and fragments of vegetable-matter undisturbed by torrents. Springfed streams are these, whose water pours from the ground at the foot of nearby hills, or seeps from beds of sphagnum in neigh- boring bogs. Always clear and but slightly affected by changes of temperature or precipitation that completely alter conditions in lakes and rivers, their waters are as nearly uniform as is possil^le in our changing climate. As might be expected under these uniform conditions, their inhabi- tants, unlike most creatures of more changeable streams, alter their habits but little during the seasons. In winter, as in summer, they crawl actively over the bottom, feeding and carrying on their usual activities. In both seasons the stomachs of the species we have ex- amined have been equally gorged. 1 Contribution from the Limnological Laboratory of the Department of Entomology in Cornell University. 58 Journal New York Entomological Society. t^'°'- ^xiii. In these alder-bordered streams of our upland swamps lives Astcn- ophylax argiis, one of the largest and, in the adult, most gaudily colored of all lYichoptera. Its larva and pupa are described in detail on the following pages and, as existing descriptions of the adults are ap- parently made from dried material, brief notes on their coloration in life are included. Larval Habit. — The larval cases. Fig. i, the largest and most bulky in our streams, are constructed of fragments of twigs and bark which vary greatly in size and shape. These fragments, arranged apparently with little regard for system or symmetry, are fastened securely to« gether by means of silk and the tube thus formed is lined from end to end with a tough cylinder of silk. Clumsy and bulky as the larval cases are, they do not vary greatly from cylindric form, nor do they have projecting twigs or corners that would catch during locomotion, nor chunks or stones that would be too heavy for the powerful larvae to drag. In the pupal cases, to be described later, heavy stones and great fragments of bark are used, whose weight and form would make locomotion almost impossible. The food of the larva throughout the year consists of dead bark and wood rasped from submerged twigs and logs. Specimens collected in February contained the same kind of food as specimens collected in mid-summer, and at both seasons the alimentary tracts were equally gorged. Pupal Habits.— By the middle of April the larvae have ceased their activities and have gathered and attached to their cases bulky, heavy material, large pebbles, chunks of bark, the large species of Sphteriidse, Sphccrium simile, or twigs, sometimes inhabited by the wood-boring Trichoptera of the genus Ganonenia. These heavy cases are attached firmly by their cephalic ends to submerged logs, roots or other solid supports. At this time the sieve-nets, perforated sheets of silk across the tube, are spun. In Astenophylax argus these sieves are located within the tube a short distance from its caudal and cephalic ends. The mesh varies in size and form, but is roughly hexagonal. Description of x\dult, Larva and Pupa. Adult. — (^ and 5- Length of body 20 mm. Fore wing 25-26 mm. The color pattern and venation of the wings and the male genitalia are illustrated in figs. 2 and 3. March, I9I5-] LlOYD : NOTES ON AsTENOPHYLAX ARGUS. 59 Head. — Brilliant yellow, except a jet black spot at the base of each ocellus. Eyes jet black. Antennae dark, except basal joint, which is brilliant yellow. Thorax. — Prothorax brilliant yellow. Thorax above black except a narrow U-shaped line bending to the base of the wings which fol- lows the path of the meso-notal furrow, and the scutellum yellow. Under side of thorax straw color. Legs straw color with yellow coxae. Wings marked with black and pale salmon ; veins pale salmon. Abdomen. — Straw color. Larva. — Length of the mature larva is 40 mm. Its breadth at the third thoracic segment is 6 mm. Head. — The head, except the mandibles which are black, is brown with inconspicuous darker markings which vary somewhat in intensity in different individuals but maintain the same general pattern for the species : the color-pattern and distribution of setae on the dorsum are shown in Fig. 6; the under side of the head lacks markings except an area of small, somewhat oval, well-defined spots which project forward from its caudal margin on each side of the median line. Thorax. — The color-pattern and distribution of setae of the dorsum of the first and second segments are shown in Fig. 3 ; the under side is weakly chitinized, except for the median thorn on the first segment; the third segment above is weakly chitinized, except for a median glabrous spot near the cephalic margin, on each side of which there is a dark brown mark bearing five or six setae; farther back and slightly more remote from the median line there is a triangular spot bearing about ten setae; on each side of the segment there is an elongate glab- rous area marked with several brown spots, the cephalic of which bears about a dozen setae ; the second and third thoracic segments bear numerous minute spines which, for the most part, point forward. Legs. — Brown with darker markings along the edges and around the setae. Abdomen. — The first segment above has several circular brown spots surrounding setae, a glabrous area borders the caudal magin of each lateral hump and a group of four or five fine setae is present above and below each lateral hump ; on the ventral side there are a few scat- ternig set^e and a bilobed median mark containing four or five setae in each lobe; the entire surface of the first segment is thicklv set with 60 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxiii. very minute spines. Tlie lateral fringe of black hair begins near the posterior niagin of the second segment and extends to the posterior margin of the eighth segment. The arrangement of gills is diagram- atically shown in Fig. 4. A slight variation of gills occurs on the caudal segments of differerent individuals. Pupa. — Length 30 mm., breadth 6 mm. The labrum is longer than broad, extending shelf-like over the mandibles and bearing a group of five long, dark colored, hooked sets on each lobe and two similar setae, but not hooked, on each side near its base, a shorter seta of lighter color points forward from the cephalic margin of each lobe and a similar seta occurs laterad from each pair of long basal setae; the mandibles are straight, without teeth and sharply pointed, reaching not quite to the extreme of the labrum, each bears two setae near its base ; the dorsal part of the first abdominal segment is marked with small cross folds, which give it a striate appearance, and is bordered behind with wing-shaped marks, somewhat striate and bearing numer- ous small thorns on their caudal margin, the lateral fringe is black, commencing near the caudal margin of the fifth abdominal segment and forming a loop beneath the caudal margin of the eighth segment. The antennae reach to the caudal margin of the sixth segment. The spines on the chitinous plates are serially shown in Fig. 5, but their number and arrangement is subject to variation indifferent individuals. Explanation of Plate VI. Larval case of Asteiwpliyla.r argiis. Wings of male. Larva, head and part of thorax, dorsum. Diagram of gill arrangement on left side of abdomen. Pupa, chitinous abdominal plates. Male genitalia, laterial view. Larva, labrum. Larva, frons. Larva, maxilla and labrum, in part, ventral. Fig. I. Fig. 2. Fig. 3- Fig. 4- Fig. 5- Fig. 6. Fig. 7- Fig. 8. Fig. 9- Jouni. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Vol. XXin. PL 6. 1 2 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 o oo O 0 0 0 0 O 0 o 0 0 0 4 5 0 7 8 Trichoptera. March, 1915-] Townsend: New Masiceratid.e and Dexiidjj. 61 NEW MASICERATID^ AND DEXIID^ FROM SOUTH AMERICA. By Charles H. T. Townsend, Washington, D. C. The following forms, except the last, were collected by the writer in Peru : Family MASICERATID^. Subfamily Cylindromasiceratin^. CYLINDROMASICERA new genus. Intermediate in external adult characters between Masicera^ Sisy- ropa and Enmasiccra, with a strong approach to Mctopiops in habitus and general characters. Description is from female only. Front and face of female of nearly equal width throughout, about as wide as one eye, the eyes descending exactly as low as vibrissae. Cheeks very narrow, about as wide as length of the short second antennal joint. Parafacials very narrowed below and running into the linear orbit, gradually widening above, bare. Parafrontals three times as wide as the narrow frontalia, with sparse fine hairs. Ocellar bristles absent. Two inner reclinate and two outer proclinate orbital bristles on each side. Frontal bristles decussate except the two front pairs, reaching from near ocelli to end of second antennal joint. Facialia strongly ciliate to well short of lowest frontal bristle, on nearly two thirds their extent, the cilia not as long as frontal bristles. Antennee very long but not quite reaching oral margin, latter slightly prominent and vibrissae practically on same. Arista thickened on basal third or so, microscopically short-pubescent. Eyes practically naked, only the most microscopic short sparse hairs faintly visible with the 28 magni- fication of Zeiss binocular in most favorable view. Third antennal joint about four times as long as second. Proboscis very short and fleshy, palpi widened apically. Length of head at vibrissae about one- half that at base of antennae, the latter inserted above eye-middle. Two sternopleural and three postsutural bristles. Two strong lat- eral pairs of scutellar bristles, and a bristle between them on each side 62 Journal New York Entomological Society, t"^'"'- xxiii. half as long; one short suberect apical nondccussate pair, and one separated short discal pair. First abdominal segment with a short lateral macrochaeta, and an atrophied median marginal pair hardly stronger but longer than the bristly hairs ; second segment with an erect strong median marginal pair, and one or more lateral ; third segment with erect marginal row of eight above and more below ; anal segment with erect short marginal, and erect discal rather irregu- larly placed. Scutellum with sparse erect hairs, abdomen with ap- pressed hairs on first three segments. Hind tibiae pectinate, claws short. Apical cell narrowly open a little before wingtip, costal spine almost completely atrophied; fourth vein rounded at bend, last section gently bowed in; hind crossvein only a little nearer to bend than to small crossvein and almost straight. Reproductive habit, leaf-oviposition of subcylindrical microtype eggs. Type, Cylindroniasiccra prima n. sp. Cylindromasicera prima new species. Length of body, 6 mm. ; of wing, 4.5 mm. One female, taken on herbage in the valley of the Rio Chira near Sullana, February 17, 1912. Obscure blackish, silvery to brassy pollinose. Face and front silvery, the parafrontals faintly golden on inner half or so. Frontalia dark brown. An- tenuEe dusky, except base of third joint and end of second pale yellowish. Palpi dusky. Occiput dusky-cinereous, with sparse grayish pile. Pleurae, thoracic scutum and scutellum silvery with a golden shade ; the two inner vittse of mesoscutum narrow, the outer ones heavy and interrupted. First abdominal segment blackish, faintly silvery in some lights ; second and third segments faintly golden, slightly more so than the thorax, their hind margins obscurely and indefinitely blackish ; anal segment wholly a little more deeply golden. Legs wholly blackish. Wings clear; tegulje white, the hind scale slightly tinged with tawny on border. Type, TD4079 (fly, uterus, slide of eggs and maggots). Subfamily Masiceratin^e. DIMASICERA new genus. Small shining species. Front of female about width of one eye or slightly wider, and nearly same width throughout, being about equal to facial width ; that of male width of one eye or less posteriorly, and March, ipis-] ToWNSEND : XeW MaSICERATID^ AND DeXIID.E. 63 widening anteriorly, the face being nearly one and one half times eye- width, but small males often have frontal and facial proportions nearly same as in the female. Facial plate sunken, deeply depressed. Cheeks very narrow, the eyes descending almost as low as vibrissre in both sexes. Parafacials very narrow below, widening rapidly above, bare. Frontalia narrower than parafontals, the latter with fine hairs. No ocellar bristles, only the usual hairs. Male with two reclinate inner orbital bristles of same strength and reclination as vertical bristles, conspicuously stronger than the frontal bristles; female with same, and in addition with two proclinate outer orbital bristles, the anterior inner orbital in profile set between the two outer orbital. Eyes thickly short-hairy. Facialia in male strongly and thickly ciliate about as high as origin of arista, those of female less thickly and conspicuously so and not reaching as high. The frontal bristles of male are usually stronger and more thickly placed than those of female ; they descend nearly or quite to base of arista in female, but usually somewhat lower in male. The cilia of facialia are about same length and strength as frontal bristles. Antennae reach oral margin in male, but are a little shorter in female; second joint short in both sexes, the third joint of male nearly or quite five times as long as second. Arista about as long as third antennal joint of male, thickened on about basal two- fifths, bare save for microscopically short pubescence, basal joints very short and inconspicuous. Oral margin slightly notched in middle, not prominent, seemingly cut off but with a turned edge ; facial profile quite strongly receding, the length of head at vibrissa half that at base of antennae in females and small males and still less in large males. Vdbrissfe slightly below level of median notch of oral margin, being close on oral margin laterally. Palpi normal, reaching end of proboscis when latter is retracted, a little thickened apically. Probos- cis very short and fleshy. ■ Two sternopleural and three postsutural bristles. Thorax a little narrower than head but hardly wider than base of abdomen. Scutel- lum with a small pair of erect or suberect nondecussate apical bristles, two strong lateral bristles with a weak one between them, and a weak separated discal pair. Abdomen subovate, only slightly elongate. No discal bristles on first three segments ; first segment with no median, but with one weak lateral ; second segment with one lateral bristle and one median marginal pair; third segment with marginal row of 64 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^oi. xxiii. six above, and one or two more below ; anal segment with short mar- ginal bristles, and still shorter erect discal bristly hairs. Wings reach- ing beyond tip of abdomen, rather broad, costal spine exceedingly minute and practically undeveloped ; apical cell very narrowly open a little before wingtip ; fourth vein abruptly rounded at bend, its last section weakly bowed in ; hind crossvein sinuate and nearly in middle between small crossvein and bend of fourth vein ; two or three bristles at base of third vein, rest of veins bare. Claws of both sexes very short and delicate. Legs not elongate ; hind tibiae of both sexes weakly pectinate, with a slightly longer bristle near middle. Reproductive habit, leaf-oviposition of microtype eggs. Type, Dimasicera nitida n. sp. This genus has but two spermathecae. Dimasicera nitida new species. Length of body, 4 to 5 mm. ; of wing, 3 to 4 mm. Five females and fifteen males, taken on herbage in valley of Rio Chira, near Sullana, February 17, 1912. Both sexes vary about equally in size. Shining black ; face, front and orbits silvery in oblique view ; frontalia soft dark brown, occiput soft blackish ; the silvery of parafrontals and para- facials rather more conspicvious in male. Occipital hairs scant, blackish. Antennae and palpi soft black. Thorax faintly silvery, the four vittae narrow and faint, pleurae more strongly silvery. Second and third abdominal seg- ments narrowly silvery on front margin. Wings clear. Hind scale of teguUe smolvy-yellowish to yellowish-smoky, the small front scale white except on hind margin. Type, TD4075 (fly, egg, maggot, reproductive system). A cotype female is TD4076. Subfamily Salmaciin.e. Atacta brasiliensis Schiner. (Synonym, Atacla apicalis Coquillett.) It seems practically certain that Coquillett's species is a synonym of Schiner's. As all the descriptions are brief and defective, the following notes may be supplied: Second and third antennal joints normally equal in both sexes, the antennas being slightly longer usually in the female. Male front at vertex only one third of eye-width or even less, female front nearly twice or fully one and two thirds times eye-width. Female with four proclinate orbital bristles on each side, and one or two reclinate ones behind them. Three strong marginal pairs of scutellar bristles, the apical pair slightly decussate. Four to six sternopleural and four postsutural bristles. March, ipiS-l ToWNSEND : NeW MaSICERATID.E AND DeXIID.E. 65 Several females taken February 17, 1912, and later, on herbage in valley of the Rio Chira at Sullana, in the northern coast strip of Peru; and both males and females taken the first week in April, 1912, on flowers of Asclcpias ciirassaz'ica and Baccharis sp. in the valley of the Rio Casma above Casma town, in the center of the Peruvian coast strip. One of the Sullana females is TD4077 (fly, reproductive system, tgg) . Family DEXIID.E. Subfamily Sardioceratin^. PARATHERESIA new genus. Allied to Eufhcrcsia and Saniioccra. Description is from the female. Front and face gradually widening from vertex, which is about equal to eye-width. Frontalia much widened on anterior half; parafrontals of nearly equal width throughout, but a little wider in front than at vertex; parafacials wide, slightly wider than anterior width of parafrontals, bare. A single row of weak frontal bristles stopping at root of antennae; two proclinate orbital bristles; a rather short pair of divergent ocellar bristles with other divergent bristles behind them ; a row of microscopic hairs on parafrontals about in line with orbitals and approximated to eyes. Facial plate only a little wider than one parafacial, not constricted below, the epistoma fairly produced, the vibriss^e but slightly above oral margin. Facialia bare save about three bristles next vibrissse. Second antennal joint hardly elongate, the third fully twice as long; arista thinly plumose; second antennal joint bearing a long bristle in front. Proboscis when ex- tended about as long as head-height, moderately stout, rather horny but labella well developed ; palpi well developed, club-shaped. Cheeks fairly wide, about two fifths of eye-height. Eyes bare. Three sternopleural bristles, the middle one weaker ; four post- sutural bristles. A short apical decussate pair of scutellar bristles, a pair of separated discal bristles of same strength, and two strong lateral bristles. No macrochaetae on first two abdominal segments except weak lateral ones ; third segment with six strong marginal ones in a median pair and a lateral pair on each side ; fourth segment with a submarginal row of about six weaker ones. Legs moderately slender, normal, claws but little elongate ; hind tibic-e faintlv short- 66 Journal New York Entomological Society, [^oi. xxiii. pectinate, with a longer bristle near middle and another near tip. Apical cell widely open very distinctly before wingtip but only a little removed from same. Apical crossvein bowed in, its junction with fourth vein approximated to wing-margin; fourth vein continued in an extremely short stump, hind crossvein nearer to apical crossvein. No costal spine. Reproductive habit, larviposition probably in choria as near to the host as the fly can approach. Type, Parathcrcsia signifera n. sp. Paratheresia signifera new species. Length of body, 8.5 mm. ; of wing, 7 mm. One female, taken on trunk of tamarind in valley of Rio Chira near Svillana, March 2, 1912. Parafrontals and parafacials thickly light golden pollinose ; frontalia light brown with a tawny-gray sheen, facial plate tawny-silvery antennae and palpi reddish-yellow, arista black, cheeks and orbits faintly golden, occiput cinereous. Pleurae silvery, mesoscutum and scutellum thickly cinereous pol- linose, mesoscutum with three heavy complete uninterrupted shining black vittse. Abdomen back, shining, with silvery pollen above and below leaving the hind borders of segments and a faint median vitta blackish ; dorsum and tip of anal segment yellowish-red and without pollen, the base obscurely blackish. Legs blackish ; wings clear, tegulse white. Type, TD4082 (fly, reproductive system, slide of maggots). Subfamily Dexiin^. Tribe Dexiini. Aglummyia percinerea flavida new subspecies. Length of body, about 8 to 8.5 mm. ; of wing, 7 to 8 mm. Chosica, about 3,000 feet, one female February 14, and one male October 19, 1913- Differs from the typical form in the tawny-yellowish abdomen in male showing a broad median vitta of brown on first two segments, spreading over all of last two segments except front corners of third. In the female the brown covers also the second segment. The front shows no yellowish tinge. Tibiae of female concolorous with femora. The size is larger. Type, the female. The male is TD4188 (fly, male reproductive system). Tribe Echinodexiini. TROPIDODEXIA new genus. Allied to Bathydexia, and having nearly same style of spinelike bristle setting as Tropidopsis of the Pyrrhosiinse. Description is from March, 1915-] ToWNSEND: XeW MaSICERATID^ AND Dexiid.e. 67 the female. Differs from Bathydexia, as described by Brauer & von Bergenstamm^ as follows : Abdominal macrochsetse arranged much as in Tropidopsis and of same character, not being strongly or heavily spinelike; those of second segment disposed closely in middle and on hind border, those of third segment less closely placed but covering whole dorsal surface, those of anal segment not so strong. The third antennal joint of female is less than twice as long as second, and about three times as long as wide. Facial carina is of moderate strength, widened and flattened on distal portion, proximal end much narrowed where it enters between the bases of the antennae. Para- facials bare. No wrinkle or stump at bend of fourth vein. Other characters are as follows : Cheeks very wide, being a little less than eye-height. Facial plate constricted by vibrissal angles, which are high above the unprotruded oral margin. Facialia bare, parafacials nearly as wide as long. Second antennal joint with two long bristles on front edge. Arista plumose ; eyes bare. Frontalia very wide, with two long and very strongly proclinate orbital bristles set close to their lateral borders posteriorly, the posterior one being a little in front of the strongly proclinate and long ocellar bristles. Proboscis is about as long as head-height, strong, labella well developed; palpi slender, stout-filiform, reaching to oral margin. Three sternopleural and four postsutural bristles. Two strong lateral scutellar bristles, and a slightly shorter decussate apical pair. Abdomen widened and swollen, very short-oval, rather densely set with subspinelike macrochsetae. Bend of fourth vein very closely approximated to wing-margin, last section deeply bowed in. Hind crossvein gently sinuate, nearer to bend of fourth vein. Reproductive habit, larviposition probably in choria as near host as fly can approach ; maggots uncolored. Type, Tropidodcxia lutzi new species. Tropidodexia lutzi new species. Length of body, 3.5 mm. ; of wing, same measurement. One female, near Rio de Janeiro, south Brazil, collected by Dr. A. Lutz, probably in December or January, and sent in liquid. Head wholly cinereous pollinose, frontalia brown, third antennal joint and arista blackish, second antennal joint and base of third yellowish-red, palpi reddish-yellow. Facial plate with a tawny tinge, especially on epistoma. 1 Muse. Schiz., pt. Ill, pp. 172-173. 68 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'o'- ^xni. Thorax blackish, faintly cinereous pollinose, the pollen whiter on mesoscutum which shows the usual four rather narrow interrupted vittae. Scutellum brown. Abdomen black, subshining with only very faint suggestions of tawny pollen which is more noticeable on anal segment. Legs blackish, tibiae reddish in middle, claws moderately elongate, pulvilli pale yellowish, front femora pol- linose outwardly. Wings rather evenly infuscated, more deeply so on extreme base, two lighter streaks in snbmarginal and second posterior cells. Tegulce wholly deeply smoky-infuscate, rather pearly-fuscous. Type, TD4081 (fly, reproductive system, slide of maggots). MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Change of Generic Names. — According to the generally ac- cepted law of priority a number of generic names of Coleoptera have been changed and adopted for quite a time already in European lists and catalogues, while American coleopterologists still follow the rather antiquated Henshaw list. The change has affected certain families more than others. In the old family Trogositidae, of which I have a revision nearly ready, only three generic names remain, Nemosonia, Calytis and Thymalus, the rest are changed and some new names added. The .species in our list included in the genus Ncmosoma do not belong there but in the genus Corticotonms Sharp as I have already pointed out on several occasions. Our North American species must be absent in European collections otherwise Reitter, Sharp, Leveille and others would have noticed and corrected the mistake long ago. The only described North American species of Ncmosoma is the one described by Fall as Pscndalindria fissiceps. Airora Reit. has to be used instead of Alindria. Reitter separated long ago the species of the new world from those of the old world on the form of the antennal club which is dilated only on one side in the former and on both sides in the latter. Temnochila Westw. is to be used for the species listed as Trogosita. Tenehroidcs Pill. & Mitterp. for Teiicbrioides. Calitys Thoins. remains unchanged. Ostoma Laich. for the species in our list under Pcltis and Gryno- char'is. except G. pilosula Cr. March, 1915.] Miscellaneous Notes. 69 Ostoinodcs Reitt. erected by Reitter for the species Grynocharis pUosula Cr. and mainly founded on the supposed toothed claws, which however, was an error. Leveille calling attention to the mistake re- jected the genus but later restored it again. Lophocateres Oliff. with one species L. americanus, described by Motschulsky from New Orleans, is to be added. Tliyiiialus Duft. remains unchanged. Lycoptus Casey. A genus of doubtful position which was first placed by its describer in the Colydiidse and later in the Trogositidse. It is unknown to me. — Chas. Schaeffer. A Long Island Ants' Nest Eighteen Feet in Diameter. — On the slope leading down to the southerly shore of Deep Pond near Wading River, the writer found on July 26, 1914, a nest of Formica fusca rar. siibscricca Say eighteen feet in diameter. In the other direction it was somewhat broader, about twenty feet. This is the largest nest of the species I have ever found. Many of the ants came out when I walked across the nest in measuring it, and attacked me. Sometimes these ants, when the nest is small, do not show such cour- age. The nest of this species is usually not high and mound-like, as is that of Formica exsectoidcs Forel, which also occurs at Deep Pond, but is more spread out over the ground and is generally about two or three inches high. The large nest here referred to is in open woods of pines and oaks, in a not very sheltered position, and does not receive as n^uch sun as it would have had on the opposite side of the pond. Mr. Charles Schaeffer later viewed the nest and agrees with me that it appears to be the work of but one colony. — Wm. T. Davis. Slides of Wings of Macrolepidoptera. — I have found the following method convenient for preparing slides of the wings of Macrolepidoptera, and fairly good for Pyralids and Pterophorids. (i) Remove wings of right side carefully. The frenulum is less apt to be broken if the wings are removed together and separated later. (2) Wet with alcohol. (3) Transfer to Labarraque or Javelle solu- tion. I find both are equally good, but either must be fresh enough to work quickly or the stain will not take smoothly. (4) Wash thor- oughly with water or alcohol or both. (5) Leave 12 to 36 hours in a stain composed of 5 per cent, by weight of sodium cosin (for instance 70 Journal New York Entomological Society, t^'oi. xxiii. Grubler's eosin w.g".) dissolved in 70 per cent, alcohol. (6) Rinse thoroughly in alcohol to remove the excess stain. I use two changes of 95 per cent, and one of absolute alcohol as a rule, but the last is not really necessary. About ten minutes in the 95 is usually right. The absolute has very little effect on the stain but seems to make clearing surer. (7) Transfer to a slide and wet with a couple of drops of oil of lavender. Let stand a couple of minutes to let the water and alcohol evaporate, blot off excess lavender. (8) Add balsam and cover. If the veins are not strongly stained leave longer in the stain, as is penetrates slowly. If stronger contrast and clearer membrane is desired the slide may be cleared with concentrated carbolic acid in place of lavender (Mr. Grossbeck's method), but there is a little danger of washing out the slenderer and rudimentary veins entirely. A more dilute solution of eosin often works well, but must be given plenty of time. Bleaching is hardly needed with light-winged moths, like most Geometrid?e. An unsatisfactory slide can be soaked out in xylol, the wings rinsed an hour or two in absolute alcohol and re- stained. I do not find the method works quite as well with Tineids, and prefer to denude and mount them dry.- — Wm. T. M. Forbes. Some Miscellaneous Local Records of Lepidoptera. — A single male specimen of Polygonia f annus, W. H. Edw., in fresh con- dition, was captured on July 6, 1914, by my brother Edward, while on a collecting trip with Mr. G. C. Hall. The specimen was taken along a road, about one mile west of Mashipacong Pond, Sussex Co., N. J. Altitude about 1,200 feet. The only other definite local record, according to the New Jersey State List, is School ey's Mountain (Aaron), the record, Westwood (Mitchell) being an error. Anatrytone vitellms, Fabr. is a typical species and would not ap- pear under the above title, but for the fact that our local form has been listed under this name. The writer captured specimens of vitcUius in Porto Rico last July and they are certainly distinct from the next species. Anatrytone logan, W. H. Edw., our local species, has been vari- ously listed as vitellms, Fabr., delazvare, W. H. Edw., and logan, W. H. Edw. We prefer to use the name logon, as it has page precedence March, I9IS-] MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. 71 over dclaivare. Most of the writer's local specimens were taken at Jamesburg, N. J. The remaining North American species of Anatrytone (Dyar) are, A. arogos, Bd. and Lee. (sometimes confused with vitcllius, Fabr.) and A. lagus, W. H. Edw. A. arogos, also occurs locally. Monoleuca semifascia, Walk. Dr. H. G. Dyar, in Journal N. Y. Ent. Soc, XXII, 22^, describes the larva of this species, and lists it as a New York insect, basing this conclusion on the Morris Plains, N. J. (Neumoegen) record,^ and on the occurrence, at different times, of other southern species of this group, in New York State. To the above evidence, we would like to add the following. On July II, 1902, four specimens were taken at South Lakewood, N. J., by the writer.' They were taken at night upon a screen door and were attracted by the lights of the dwelling. Two of these specimens are now in the Staten Island Museum and one in the American Museum Local Collection. We also have, in this museum, a Henry Edwards specimen, with a New York label. For convenience we repeat the additional records in the 1909 New Jersey State List. Palisades (Joutel) : Lakehurst, July 12 (Buch- holz) ; Larva in New Jersey (Joutel). — Frank E. Watson. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK ENTOMO- LOGICAL SOCIETY. Meetixg of November 3, 1914. A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held November 3, 1914, at 8:15 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural His- tory, Pres. Dr. Raymond C. Osburn in the chair, with 14 members and one visitor, Mr. M. S. Crosby, of the Linnean Society, present. Mr. Davis spoke of his visit, October 8, with Mr. Shoemaker, to Lake- hurst, N. J., and of the enthusiasm of the latter on this first visit to that locality. Notwithstanding the dry weather, the collecting was good ; eight species of tiger beetles were caught, tranquebarica, rugifrons, modesta and punctiilafa in numbers, and one each of generosa, consentanea, repanda and i2-guttata. Sandahis niger, differing by its conical thorax from 5". petrophya, reported previously by Mr. Schaeffer, was taken, and constitutes, in conjunc- tion with the specimens heretofore reported from the Palisades, an addition 1 See Smith's Insects of New Jersey, 1899. 72 Journal New York Entomological Society. ^^'°^- >^^ni. to the New Jersey List. The oak trees, as shown by photograph, were com- pletely defoliated in places by the larvje of Anisota senatoria, presenting the deceptive appearance of having been eaten by Dcndrotetfi.v quercus. Much attention was paid to sugaring and by day the sugared trees were found to be frequented by numbers of J^espa and Polistes and, attacking these, by many wheel bugs, Arilus cristatus. On high huckleberry bushes the " cowsheds " of the ant, Cremastogaster lineolata pilosa, built over coccids were observed. In the Orthoptera, the true Katy-did was found but with the song apparatus nearly worn out. Perching high in the trees these insects would be difficult to catch except for their habit of falling straight down when disturbed. The method employed in collecting was to touch the insect, when discovered at night by the aid of a lantern with a long stick or a fishing pole might be used, thus causing it to fall into the ready net. Orchelimum minor was detected by its short buzzing song and was also caught at sugar. Conocephalus liristes was heard singing in the cranberry bogs. As a sequel to the Camp at Lake- hurst, Mr. Davis showed a photograph of the chestnut tree under which eighteen entomologists camped, now attacked by the chestnut blight, Endothia parasitica, and apparently doomed, though standing five miles from any other chestnut. Mr. Davis showed a branch injured by chafing against another through which the spores, carried doubtless by birds, as already recorded, had entered. Mr. David spoke also of the Lepidoptera, his remarks being recorded in Miscellaneous Notes, and exhibited photographs. Mr. Shoemaker endorsed Mr. Davis's enthusiastic comments on the ex- cursion, stating that in three nights, sugaring about iSo noctuids, represent- ing 35 species, and about 20 species of beetles were taken. The sugaring at night and long walks by day made it hard work, fully repaid, however, by the capture of about twelve specimens of Hoinoglcca carnosa, one at sugar, the remainder on huckleberry leaves, where the reddish color of the moth so closely resembled that of the autumn leaves as to make their discovery diffi- cult. Mr. Shoemaker exhibited a pair of each of the species he had caught and a specimen of the southern beetle, Cynindis elegans, found under a stone, and previously known from New Jersey by two specimens taken at Atco by Mr. Liebeck. Mr. Dow remarked, in a somewhat humorous way, that the enthusiasm of the Lakehurst visitors, while well founded, should not lead to the draw- backs of thirst, long tramps in the sand, and danger of losing the road being forgotten. Mr. Davis spoke of the danger of the molasses used in sugaring becom- ing fermented sufficiently to cause explosion of the can and described such an incident at Lakehurst. Dr. Forbes spoke of the interest he took in tracing the species peculiar to Lakehurst northward, mentioning in that connection the occurrence of Prionapteryx nebulifera, a moth whose larva constructs a tube of silk and sand at base of stalk of huckleberry bushes, on the southern shore of Massa- March, igiS-l PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 73 chusetts. He said Cohasset, Mass., should be a specially interesting locality in that connection, for though far from thoroughly collected, it had already yielded many species not known elsewhere in the state. He also mentioned that in plants some Carolinian species had been found as far north as Bay St. George, Newfoundland, by Fernald. Mr. Davis reminded the Society that he had recorded the finding of Prionaptery.v at Yaphank, Long Island. Mr. J. W. Angell exhibited a larva found in hickory and spoke of Nepper- han, near Yonkers, as a good collecting ground where he had found the larvse of Xyloryctes satyrus in ash. Mr. Woodruff recorded Leptttra cxigua found at Hewitt, N. J., June 21, on flowers of Cormis paniculata, as new to the New Jersey List; also Leptinus testaceus, a single specimen found April 27, at Bronxville, N. Y., in sifting the debris of a mouse nest at the foot of a stump ; and spoke of the abundance of Vanessa cardui in August and September, and of finding Euptoieta claudia at Fox Hills, Staten Island, in September. Mr. Leng read a letter from Mr. Harris reporting his examination of Col. Casey's collection of Cicindelidas. Mr. Leng spoke of Calosoma sycopliaiita. a European Carabid beetle, having been introduced successfully in eastern Massachusetts to combat the gypsy moth and called attention to the mention of this beetle at Taunton, Mass., by Mr. Easton in the bulletin issued by the New England Federation of Natural History Societies. Mr. Hall spoke of four days spent at Aurora, W. Va., June 19 to 23, where he found Argynnis swarming at an elevation of about 2,800 ft. There were literally thousands of these butterflies in sight, fluttering about flowers of dogbane, Argynnis aphrodite outnumbered cybele three to one. In reply to Dr. Forbes, Mr. Hall said no A. alcestis were observed. Mr. Davis quoted a statement that when Vanessa cardui is common, other butterflies are scarce, but doubted its accuracy. Mr. Watson said just the contrary would be nearer the truth. Dr. Osburn exhibited Tabanidje and Syrphidae received from E. M. An- derson, curator of the Provincial Museum in British Columbia, partly at Atlin, 100 miles inland and near the northern boundary of the province, and spoke of their distribution, particularly of those inhabiting Europe and Asia as well as America. A general discussion of holoarctic distribution by Messrs. Davis, Olsen and others followed Dr. Osburn's remarks. Mr. Olsen mentioned the occurrence of the European aphid, Callipfents betiilcc at Honesdale, Pa., November 23, 1913, and of the European Capsid,' Pithanits iiucrkeli at Maspeth, Long Island. Meeting of November 17, 1914. A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held November 17, 1914, at 8:15 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural His- 74 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoI. xxiii. tory, President Dr. Raymond C. Osburn in the chair, with thirteen members present. Mr. Mutclilcr described the route followed by Mr. Watson and himself in northern Florida, leaving New York September 24, arriving in Gainesville September 26, working there with Mr. J. R. Watson, entomologist of Florida Agricultural Station, for five days; thence to Monticello for an examination of the cypress swamps, the shores of Lake Miccosukee, etc.; thence to Pen- sacola with a short stop at DeFuniak Springs. While in Pensacola the col- lecting was done principally at Fort Barrancas, reached by trolley car. On the return journey, another stop was made at DeFuniak Springs and two days were spent at Crest View, by which time, October 15, it had become cold. The Cicindelidse found were exhibited and emphasis laid on the conditions under which C. nigrior, hitherto unknown from Forida, was found, viz. : out- side the woods and between them and the railroad track ; within the woods the allied C. imicolor was found. Mutchler said that while 7,000 to 8,000 specimens were caught, the result was unfavorably affected by the cold weather. Mr. Watson exhibited numerous photographs and pictures, showing the character of the environments, particularly on the road leading south from Gainesville to Payne Prairie, a flat region, formerly covered with water, and among the sinks which characterize the region. The pond east of the town, the hammock of magnolia, live oak, etc., in the University Grounds, and the road west of the town were also shown ; on the latter large groups of Pieridse gathered about horse dung, comprising three species, euhele, nicippe, proterpe. The photographs taken at Monticello showed the detail of the cypress swamp and the arms of the lake choked with aquatic plants, as well as the rich woodlands there encountered and groves of pecan trees. In the photo- graphs taken at Pensacola, the locality for Cicindela unicolor was shown, also the pines and palmettoes which are prominent in the scene. The pictures of DeFuniak Springs showed the big spring, Lake Stanley, the open pine woods, the partly cleared land with oaks, and Mr. Mutchler sifting. The environ- ment for Cicindela nigrior was shown in the Crest View photographs. Mr. Watson said the best collecting for butterflies was at Gainesville, where 58 species were taken, to which number only 12 species were added later, though he held the little sunken meadows found in the flat woods or open pine woods further north in affectionate remembrance for what they had yielded. Mr. Mutchler spoke also of the number of Dcltochihim taken in meat trap at Gainesville. Dr. Forbes exhibited a number of examples of Syntomidse and Arctiidse and spoke of their " Local Variations in the West Indies," pointing out twenty- one instances of intimate relationship with South Amerca, six of similar re- lationship between Cuba and Florida. As his remarks will be published later, they are not further reported here. Mr. Shoemaker exhibited a new species of Lampyridae, group Lyci, taken at Glencarlyn, near Washington, D. C, a favorite collecting place of Nathan March, 19 15.] PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 75 Banks, where a stream runs through a partly swampy area, between wooded hillsides. He also showed the drawings he had prepared to accompany the description to be printed later in the Journal. Mr. Barber said he also knew the locality and had taken a new species there. Mr. Leng read a letter from Mr. Schwarz in which it was pointed out that while no Silpha or Necrophoriis were known from the West Indies, there had been found in Porto Rico and Cuba, representatives of the smaller Silphidse. A letter from Mr. Dow was read correcting the paper on John Abbot of Georgia, by making it appear probable that he was in Georgia previous to 1790. Mr. G. W. J. Angell exhibted the Nat. Geog. Mag. for July, 1914. con- taining a plate of Carabini experimentally introduced in Massachusetts, to combat the gypsy moth, and stated that Calosoma sycophanta alone had been found useful because its larva appeared to be the only one climbing the trees for larvae. Mr. Davis commented upon the number of adult Calosoma frigidum he had found climbing on Long Island. Mr. Wintersteiner exhibited the remarkable monograph of Microlestes by K. Holdhaus, in which excellent figures of our species of Blechrus, Dromius and Metablefus, showing genitalia, are given. Meeting of December i, 1914. A regular meeting of the New York Entomological Society was held December i, 1914, at 8:15 P. M., in the American Museum of Natural His- tory, President Raymond C. Osburn in the chair and eighteen members present. Mr. H. G. Barber read a paper on " Collecting Insects in Porto Rico," while Mr. F. E. Watson showed illustrations of the places referred to. Owing to the dense population of the island, and close cultivation of the soil, col- lecting was confined largely to the edges of cultivated fields, along the road- sides and in and about the occasional patches of woodland. At San Juan, the Insular Fair Grounds, reached in 20 minutes, proved an excellent collect- ing ground, having been allowed to grow up in weeds, and an extensive tract of more or less waste land adjoining belonging to the old Porto Rican forti- fications was also good. Excellent collecting was also found along the beach and among the cocoanut palms at San Turce. The mangrove swamp at Catano, reached by ferry, did not yield so much. Aibonito, at an elevation of 2,500 feet in the mountains of the interior was reached by automobile stage, and there the Borinquen hotel and the collecting proved equally satis- factory. Excellent sweeping and beating were found about the edges of the woods and in the thickets, butterflies and dragonflies were abundant ; wooded hills and open fields, due to fewer people, provided better conditions than were subsequently found in any other locality. The nights in these moun- tains were almost chilly. At Coamo Springs, further along the same stage route, and still in the mountains, the extreme dryness and high winds oper- 76 Journal New York Entomolo;;ical Society. [^^°'- >^>^iji- ated unfavorably, though good collecting was found along the moist bank of the river, where apparently insects had congregated. The same result seemed to be indicated by the collecting in the dry bed of a stream, where the few rockbound pools and muddy spots afforded good collecting. Sifting, turning boards, etc., proved unprofitable here and elsewhere, presumably on account of the abundance of insectivorous centipedes, lizards, etc. Leaving the mountainous interior after ten days" collecting there, the party spent a few days at Ponce, finding good collecting at a little place called Tallyboa, reached easily by train, where enormous cactus and century plants abounded. Mr. Barber pointed out that on the southern side of the island, near Ponce, the coastal plain is usually sandy with only an occasional marsh, quite different in this respect to the abundant mangrove swamps of the northern shore. There is much cultivated land, especially sugar cane, with little other vegetation and few waste places, while the open fields and denuded hills are equally unfavorable to insects in their wind-swept dryness. The next station, reached by railroad, was Mayaguez, where the U. S. Experiment Station was placed at the disposal of the travelers and the ento- mologist R. H. van Zwaluenberg pointed out good collecting places. The results were excellent although the most ambitious excursions, climbing back into the mountains, was rather unproductive, from lack of time, for collecting purposes. Following around the western and northern coast back to San Juan, the only stop was made at Arecibo, where again the dry season prevented the best results. In closing, Mr. Barber spoke of the kindness of Major Dutcher and of the staff at the Porto Rican Experimental Station at Rio Piedras, near San Juan ; and promised to review the scientific results of the month's work at a future meeting. At the close of his remarks, Mr Watson exhibited a large number of the butterflies, of which large series had been obtained and spread. The paper was discussed by Mr. Davis, who commented on the uniformly smaller size of some species as compared with American examples, by Dr. Osburn and Messrs. Angell and Engelhardt. In reply to their questions, Mr. Barber said collecting at lights was not very satisfactory in the towns on ac- count of interference by people. Mr. Leng and Mr. Davis jointly described a recent visit to Ithaca, speak- ing of the methods used in the collections and of the large staff of ento- mologists there occupied in teaching and research work. The numerous ravines and waterfalls and the more northern character of the locality were shown by photographs, and Mr. Davis commented on the uniformity of the rocks as compared with the varied glacier-born rocks of Staten Island. The block system used in the collections was explained, also the tents devised by Professor Needham for environmental study. Mention was also made of the three places that had been selected for field work in the western part of March, igiS-l PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 77 the State next season, in connection with the proposed New York State List, viz : Salamanca, Westfield and Batavia. Both speakers expressed their grati- tude for their l