Historic, archived document
Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.
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Forest Service
North Central Forest Experiment Station
Research
Bulletin NC-83
Kansas Forest Inventory, 1981
John S. Spencer, Jr., John K. Strickler, and William J. Moyer
This report includes the most commonly used Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) statistics. However, additional forest resource data can be provided to interested users. Persons requesting additional information from the raw inventory data are expected to pay the retrieval costs. These costs will vary from less than $100 for a relatively simple request to $2,000 for a complete retrieval involving the services of a FIA computer programmer. Requests for data will be scheduled to minimize the impact on the work unit.
Requests for published, unpublished, or additional information may be di- rected to:
Burton L. Essex
Forest Inventory and Analysis Project North Central Forest Experiment Station 1992 Folwell Avenue
St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
Phone: (612) 642-5275
Area served: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, Wisconsin.
In Kansas, requests for published, unpublished, or additional information may be directed to:
State and Extension Forestry Kansas State University 2610 Claflin road Manhattan, Kansas 66502
Phone: (913) 532-5752
North Central Forest Experiment Station Forest Service--U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 Manuscript approved for publication August 24, 1984 December 1984
FOREWORD
Forest Inventory and Analysis (formerly called Forest Survey) is a continuing endeavor as mandated by the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Plan- ning Act of 1974, which was preceded by the McSweeney-McNary Forest Research Act of 1928. Its objective is to inventory periodically the Nation’s forest land to determine its extent, condition, and volume of timber, growth, and depletions. This kind of up-to-date information is essential for intelligent forest policies and programs. USDA Forest Service regional experiment stations are responsible for conducting these inventories and publishing summary reports for individual States. The North Central Forest Experiment Station is responsible for Forest Inventory and Analysis work done in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, eastern South Dakota, and Wis- consin.
Fieldwork for the 1981 Kansas Forest Survey was begun in October 1980 and was completed in July 1981. Reports on the two previous surveys of Kansas’ timber resources are dated 1936 and 1965.
Because of intensified field sampling, more accurate survey information was obtained during the 1981 survey than otherwise would have been feasible. This was made possible through the close cooperation provided the North Central Station by State and Extension Forestry, Kansas State University. Special fund- ing requested by the Governor and appropriated by the 1980 Kansas Legislature allowed State and Extension Forestry to provide additional personnel to intensify the field sample. State and Extension Forestry also canvassed primary wood- using plants in the State, and those results were used to help estimate the quantity of timber products harvested in Kansas.
Aerial photos used in the Kansas forest inventory were provided by the USDA Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service.
HIGHLIGHTS
Forest Area
Forest land totaled 1.4 million acres in 1981, 2.6 per- cent of the State’s land area.
Commercial forest area increased from 1,192 to 1,208 thousand acres between 1965 and 1981. Nonindustrial private parties own 96 percent of the commercial forest--farmers alone own 62 percent. The oak-hickory forest type leads all others with 317 thousand acres or 26 percent of the commercial area. Sawtimber stands are the most extensive stand-size class with 565 thousand acres or 47 percent of the commercial area.
Stands aged 1-20 years make up the largest propor- tion of commercial forest (29 percent).
Average site index is 62 feet.
One-half of all commercial forest land is on deep, well-drained soils commonly found on cove sites and intermittent stream bottoms.
Fifty percent of the commercial forest is within one- fourth mile of a maintained road.
Noncommercial forest land amounts to 151 thousand acres.
Wooded strips amount to 150 thousand acres and windbreaks amount to 186 thousand acres. Wooded pasture accounted for 210 thousand acres in 1981 compared to 369 thousand acres in 1965.
Timber Volume
Volume of growing stock increased 42 percent from 1965 to 1981, from 503 to 711 million cubic feet. Sawtimber volume on commercial forest land in- creased 31 percent from 1965 (2.0 billion board feet) to 1981 (2.6 billion board feet).
Wooded strip land and short-log trees account for an additional 463 million board feet, making a total State volume of 3.0 billion board feet.
Linn County contains the largest growing-stock vol- ume, 31 million cubic feet.
Rough, rotten, short-log, and salvable dead tree vol- ume amounts to 216 million cubic feet. Cottonwood leads all species in growing-stock vol- ume with 19 percent of the total.
Nearly all species increased in volume between sur- veys, but elm growing stock decreased drastically due to Dutch elm disease--from 89 million cubic feet in 1965 to 31 million cubic feet in 1981.
Elm sawtimber volume dropped even more signifi- cantly--from 358 million board feet in 1965 to 70 million board feet in 1981.
Fifty-two percent of the growing-stock volume is in trees in the 14-inch diameter class and smaller.
Average growing-stock volume per acre was 589 cu- bic feet in 1981, compared to 422 cubic feet in 1965. Forty-six percent of the growing-stock volume is in stands 51-80 years old.
Black walnut growing-stock volume amounts to 58 million cubic feet, and walnut sawtimber volume is 170 million board feet.
Volume in growing-stock trees on nonforest land (wooded strips, wooded pasture, and windbreaks) amounts to 115 million cubic feet.
Stand Conditions
Net annual growth of growing stock increased from 22 to 23 million cubic feet between inventories. Growing-stock growth rate was 3.3 percent of in- ventory in 1980.
Growing-stock net growth per acre increased from 18.5 cubic feet in 1964 to 19.2 cubic feet in 1980. Sawtimber growth on commercial forest land was 64 million board feet in 1980, 2.5 percent of inventory. Mortality of growing-stock trees increased from 3.3 million cubic feet in 1964 to 3.8 million cubic feet in 1980.
Disease caused 40 percent of the 1980 mortality.
Timber Use
Growing-stock removals increased from 8.3 to 14.0 million cubic feet between inventories.
Sawtimber removals jumped from 30.0 to 53.3 mil- lion board feet between 1964 and 1980. Cottonwood accounted for the largest volume of 1980 growing-stock removals--1.9 million cubic feet. Timber removals of black walnut amounted to 1.3 million cubic feet in 1980, third highest among spe- cies.
Eighty-six percent of the 1980 growing-stock re- movals were harvested for roundwood products, pri- marily fuelwood and saw logs.
Output of fuelwood from roundwood nearly quad- rupled from 1964 to 1980--from 68 to 255 thousand cords.
Private land supplied virtually all of the removals from growing stock.
Growing-stock removals amounted to only 60 per- cent of growth in 1980.
Biomass
Total biomass of all live trees at least 1 inch in d.b.h. averages 44 green tons per acre.
Greatest live tree biomass density is in the cotton- wood type with 77 green tons per acre.
Shrub biomass is greatest in the willow and eastern redcedar-hardwood forest types where it averages 2,786 and 2,767 pounds per acre green weight, re- spectively.
Among the tall shrubs, roughleaf dogwood produces the greatest average biomass with 269 pounds per acre.
Buckbrush predominates among low shrubs with an average of 129 pounds per acre.
Projections
The low removals option projection shows inventory increasing from 711 to 1,098 million cubic feet be- tween 1981 and 2011, a 54-percent gain. Growth is
projected to remain higher than removals through- out the period but to approach removals during the last decade.
The high removals option projection shows inven- tory rising from 711 to 974 million cubic feet in 2008, then declining to 969 million cubic feet in 2011. Re- movals are projected to surpass growth by 2008. The trend of increased fuelwood production is ex- pected to continue. If the best young growing-stock trees are taken for fuelwood, future potential to pro- duce quality saw logs will be greatly reduced. How- ever, proper utilization of lower quality trees for fuelwood provides an opportunity for improved for- est management.
CONTENTS
Page
AURA, See, cr csoceedsasdecenssscesbeaceaseobis lauds beyatecesseess sc ttucd oi tese eo Oat a ae ae 1 RQ) BLN SR ea ee NIRS Oc ns 1 GROWTH, MORTALITY, REMOVALS AND BIOMASG...................... 13 PROJECTIONS seer eset cee ccessaecioc cere ae nenaat eae ee eC a ae 16 LITERATURE CIPED siete eee nee ne 19 AI RIINDIEX wisccccctcasaseteoncevececogentussat vse er tea ecoeee sae cee eC oon 19 Accuracy: Of SUrVGy: castro asco cece cesses oS ne ae 19 Survey Procedure: 7 yscci. tesccsiceskscucd ccecasveeeeeteseas eee eae eae ca ee 20 Comparing Kansas’ Third Survey with the Second Survey ................. 21 TOS: Grade. ive ccsscivccs choses eee anaes eeLAT NSC Tete a OE 21 Principal Tree and Shrub Species Groups in Kansas ............:.:::ceseeee 24 Metric Equivalents of Units Used in this Report.............cccceeeeeeeeseeeees 25 Definitions: Of; Terisys .25sitsccccsssechececcascese ee eer es aa ene 25
KANSAS FOREST INVENTORY, 1981
John S. Spencer, Jr., Principal Resource Analyst, St. Paul, Minnesota John K. Strickler, Associate State Extension Forester, and William J. Moyer, Extension Forester, Fire Control, State and Extension Forestry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
Forest land in Kansas, more plentiful in the east and reduced to narrow stringers along rivers and streams in the west, totaled 1.4 million acres in 1981. This is a slight increase of 8,900 acres over the 1965 forest area (Chase and Strickler 1968). Although only 2.6 percent of Kansas’ total land area, forests return important economic and non-commodity benefits to the State. Forest land includes commercial forest, un- productive forest, and productive-reserved forest land (see Definition of Terms in Appendix).
Probably the greatest single impact on the State’s forest land between the 1965 and 1981 forest inven- tories was the death of many elms from Dutch elm disease--particularly the larger diameter trees. In 1965, elm was second only to cottonwood as the most predominant species in the State; but by 1981, it had become relatively insignificant compared to a number of other species.
AREA
Commercial Forest Gains 1.4 Percent Between Inventories
Commercial forest area increased slightly from 1,192 to 1,208 thousand acres between 1965! and 1981. One- third of the 1981 commercial area is pastured. This grazing on land for which the primary use is wood production is an obstacle to the establishment and regeneration of high-quality stands.
The largest area of commercial forest is in the Northeastern Survey Unit (588 thousand acres), fol- lowed by the Southeastern Unit (437 thousand), and the Western Unit (183 thousand) (fig. 1).
‘Figures have been adjusted from those published after the 1965 survey to conform to 1981 statistics be- _cause of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
Linn County (48,700 acres) and Chautauqua County (48,500 acres), both in the Southeastern Unit, and Miami County (46,300 acres) in the Northeastern Unit, lead all other counties in commercial forest area. But in terms of commercial forest as a percent of total land area, Leavenworth County in the Northeastern Unit leads all others with 14.6 percent. Linn County (12.7 percent), Miami County (12.3 percent), and Jef- ferson County (12.0 percent) follow.
Most Forest is Privately Owned
Nonindustrial private parties own 96 percent of the commercial forest (fig. 2). Farmers alone own 62 per- cent of the State’s commercial area, and miscellaneous private parties own another 34 percent.
Fifty-eight percent of the nonindustrial private for- est land is owned by parties with 10 to 50 acres of commercial forest. Another 25 percent is owned by parties with from 50 to 500 acres, and 2 percent is owned by parties with 500 to 2,500 acres, as shown in the following tabulation. These areas represent the total area owned by an individual, and may include one or more non-continguous tracts.
Area owned by nonindustrial
Size of holding private parties
(Acres) (Thousand acres) 1-5 31.0 5-10 132.8 10-20 242.3 20-50 401.3 50-100 194.6 100-100 95.0 500-2,500 21.9
2,500-5,000 --
5,000+ 8.6 Total 1,157.5
KANSAS
NORTHEASTERN
UNIT BEN AT od Nie
SN
IM
GRANT
BARBER
WESTERN UNIT
RX 5.0 - 9.9 [252] 10.0 and higher
y )
McPHERSON
se Hee od CJ 6
SY, Ye <S
‘ 5
SEOGWICK
Wh il i
7)
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT
Figure 1.--Survey units in Kansas and commercial forest area as a percent of all land, by county, 1981.
Oak-Hickory Type Makes Up One-quarter of Commercial Area
The oak-hickory forest type, generally found on dry upland sites in the east, leads all others in area with 317 thousand acres (26 percent of the commercial area). This is a 71-percent increase from the 185 thou- sand acres in 1965. The elm-ash-cottonwood type, usu- ally found on moist sites along stream bottoms, follows with 290 thousand acres, up 50 percent from the 193 thousand acres in 1965 (fig. 3). The lowland plains hardwood type, a mix of black walnut, hackberry, bur oak, soft maple, and boxelder generally found in coves and bottomlands, is the third largest forest type. It encompasses 266 thousand acres, a 20-percent gain over the 221 thousand acres in 1965. These three forest types together account for nearly three-fourths of the State’s commercial forest area.
The upland elm-ash-locust type was the most ex- tensive in 1965 with 229 thousand acres. But by 1981
it had declined 52 percent to 110 thousand acres, mak- ing it the fourth largest type. The high mortality rate of elm from Dutch elm disease between the two sur- veys undoubtedly accounts for some of the shift from the elm-ash-locust type to some of the other more predominant types in 1981. Other types that lost area between surveys include upland plains hardwoods that declined 56 percent and willow that declined 52 per- cent. Nonstocked area fell from 147 thousand acres in 1965 to 45 thousand acres in 1981, a 69-percent drop. It can be assumed that increased stocking levels in many cases shifted these nonstocked acres into other types in the later survey.
Sawtimber Stands Predominate
Sawtimber stands in Kansas account for the largest area of any stand-size class--565 thousand acres or 47 percent of the total commercial area. This is slightly higher than the national average for proportion of saw- timber stands (45 percent), but much less than the 57
STATE (1%)
MISCELLANEOUS FEDERAL (3%)
\
INDIAN (LESS THAN 1%)
COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL (LESS THAN 1%)
MISCELLANEOUS
WSS — NONINDUSTRIAL PRIVATE OWNER
Figure 2.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class, Kansas, 1981.
oy See
Figure 3.--Elm-ash-cottonwood forest type paralleling a dry stream bed. This type is usually found on first or second bottoms of streams.
percent estimated during the 1965 Kansas inventory. This drop in sawtimber acreage can be partially ex- plained by the death of elm sawtimber trees. Sawtim- ber stand acreage in the upland elm-ash-locust type dropped from 106,100 acres in 1965 to 16,800 acres in 1981.
Sapling and seedling stands, with 363 thousand acres in 1981, are the second largest stand-size class. This class represents 30 percent of the commercial forest in 1981, compared to 12 percent in 1965. Na- tionwide, the average proportion of sapling and seed- ling stands is 24 percent of the commercial forest.
Poletimber stands account for 234 thousand acres in 1981 or 19 percent of the commercial area, the same proportion as in 1965. Throughout the U.S., poletim- ber stands average 28 percent of the total commercial area.
Nonstocked areas amounted to 45 thousand acres in 1981 (4 percent of the total), a big drop from the 147 thousand acres in 1965 (12 percent).
Largest areas of sawtimber stands are in the lowland plains hardwoods type (171 thousand acres), the elm- ash-cottonwood type (145 thousand acres), and the oak-hickory type (142 thousand acres). But the highest proportion of any forest type in sawtimber stands is the 88 percent of the cottonwood type. The eastern redcedar-hardwood type, which increased in area from 2.7 to 27.5 thousand acres between surveys, contains 80 percent of its area in sapling and seedling stands- -highest of any type.
Largest Area in Stands Aged 1-20 Years
The distribution of commercial forest by stand-age class shows more area aged 1-20 years and less area aged 21-50 years (fig. 4). Stands 11-20 years old are most numerous with 193 thousand acres or 16 percent of the commercial forest area, and stands aged 1-10 years follow with 155 thousand acres or 13 percent of the total. Together, these two classes generally rep- resent the new stands established since the last survey.
An ideal distribution of age classes from a forest management perspective is an equal area in each 10- year class through the rotation age’ of the particular forest type and no area in classes beyond rotation age. The diminished area of stands 21-50 years old means a future shortage of mature timber in some forest types when they reach rotation age--primarily the elm-ash- cottonwood and lowland plains hardwoods types.
“Rotation age is the period of years required to es- tablish and grow timber crops to a specified condition of maturity.
is
120
THOUSAND ACRES 3
80
60 40
20
Figure 4.--Area of commercial forest land by stand-age class, Kansas, 1981.
However, this imbalance in age classes is not strongly reflected in the diameter distribution of grow- ing-stock trees of several desirable species such as ash, black walnut, and hackberry. Comparisons of the growing-stock diameter distribution for number of trees or cubic foot volume would indicate an oppor- tunity to offset much of the effects of this age imbal- ance through improved forest management to favor these desirable species.
Average Site Class Highest of Plains States
Site class is one means of estimating forest site qual- ity. Site class describes forest land in terms of its in-
herent capacity to grow wood based on fully stocked —
400
300
200
THOUSAND ACRES
100
21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91+ SITE-INDEX CLASS (FEET)
Figure 5.--Area of commercial forest land by site-index class, Kansas, 1981.
natural stands. Site class values are the cubic feet of growth per acre per year expected from such stands.
The weighted average site class for Kansas is 56.8 cubic feet of growth per acre per year, compared to a weighted average for the Plains States* of 54.1. (Com- mercial forest land can produce more than 20 cubic feet per acre of annual growth under management.)
Average Site Index is 62 Feet
Another way of estimating forest site quality is through use of site index information. Site index is a means of classifying forest land in terms of height growth of dominant or codominant trees of repre- sentative species within a forest type at 50 years of age. Eighty-one percent of the commercial forest area (979 thousand acres) grows trees taller than 51 feet at age 50, and 29 percent of the total grows trees taller than 71 feet (fig. 5).
°In this paper the Plains States are considered to be North Dakota, eastern South Dakota (east of the 103rd meridian), Nebraska, and Kansas.
Site index values differ by forest type. A high value for one type may be a low value for another type. The weighted average site index for all types is 62.2 feet. The highest weighted average is 67.5 feet for the low- land plains hardwoods type, followed by elm-ash-cot- tonwood (66.9 feet), upland plains hardwoods (64.3 feet), cottonwood (64.1 feet), and willow (64.0 feet). The lowest weighted average is the 45.2 feet in the eastern redcedar-hardwood type.
Half of Area on Deep, Well-drained Soils
Yet another way forest site quality can be appraised is by considering the area in each physiographic class. Physiographic class is a measure of soil and water conditions on a site that affect tree growth. The five classes range from exceptionally wet sites (hydric) to very dry sites (xeric). Best growing conditions for most species are in the class midway between these two ex- tremes (mesic). Mesic sites are the deep, well-drained soils commonly found on cove sites and bottomlands along intermittent streams. One-half of the commer- cial forest area is on mesic sites, including 79 percent of the lowland plains hardwoods type, 70 percent of the elm-ash-cottonwood type, and 42 percent of the oak-hickory type (table 1).
Stocking Could be Improved
The stocking picture varies greatly depending upon whether only growing-stock trees or all live trees are considered. When all live trees, including rough and
rotten trees and noncommercial species are consid- ered, the area of commercial forest land at least me- dium stocked (61 percent stocked or better) is 1,035,000 acres or 86 percent of the total. This rep- resents little change from 1965 when 1,014,000 acres (85 percent) were medium or better stocked with all live trees.
When only growing-stock trees are considered, the stocking situation has improved decidedly. Commer- cial forest acreage medium or better stocked with growing-stock trees increased from 161,500 acres (14 percent) in 1965 to 639,200 acres (53 percent) in 1981. Of this total, 95,000 acres are well stocked with grow- ing-stock trees. The remainder of the commercial for- est is either poorly stocked with growing-stock trees (523,300 acres) or nonstocked (45,400 acres).
Still, the 47 percent of commercial forest land poorly stocked or nonstocked with growing-stock trees rep- resents a less than desirable situation. This land could produce trees much more efficiently if better stocked. Stocking is poorest in sapling and seedling stands where 57 percent of the area is poorly stocked with growing-stock trees. A larger proportion of the upland elm-ash-locust forest type is poorly stocked (66 per- cent) than any other type, although the eastern red- cedar-hardwood (58 percent) and upland plains hardwoods types (58 percent) follow closely.
Half of Forest Within One-quarter Mile of Road
Fifty percent of the commercial forest area in Kan- sas is within one-fourth mile of a maintained road (one
Table 1.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and physiographic class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
All
Forest type classes Hydric Eastern redcedar-hardwood 27.5 -- Oak-hickory 316.6 2.6 Post-blackjack oak 30.9 -- Upland plains hardwoods 49.4 -- Elm-ash-cottonwood 289.6 9.0 Cottonwood 68.1 3.9 Willow 42 is Lowland plains hardwoods 265.9 25 Upland elm-ash-locust 110.3 -- Nonstocked 45.4 9.1
All types 1,207.9 27.1
Physiographic class
Hydro- Xero- mesic Mesic mesic Xeric -- 2.4 25.1 -- 7.6 132.7 155.5 18.2 1.2 9.8 17.6 Ds} -- ile 46.5 lay THA 203.5 -- -- 20.2 29.9 6.9 (2 3.4 -- 0.8 -- 52:3 Zlib -- -- -- -- 100.5 9.8 3.0 ES 19.7 2.1 164.8 602.1 372.6 41.3
graded at least once a year), and 96 percent of it is within 1 mile of a road:
Distance Area of commercial
to road forest land Percent (Miles) (Thousand acres) 0-% 240.2 20 Vg-"4 363.8 30 4-1 560.2 46 1-2% 19.3 2 24-5 16.1 1 5-10 -- -- 10-20 8.3 1 20+ -- --
Total 1,207.9 100
One-fifth of Forest Within Quarter Mile of Open Water
Proximity of timber to open water may affect its suitability for harvest because of multiple use (pri- marily wildlife and recreation, and accessibility con- siderations. Twenty-one percent of the State’s commercial forest area is within one-fourth mile of a lake or pond at least 5 acres in area or a stream at least 66 feet wide. Fourteen percent is within one- eighth mile of open water:
Distance to open Area of commercial water forest land Percent (Miles) (Thousand acres) 0-% 169.4 14 Ve-Y 81.0 7 %4-1 201.2 We 1-2% 211.6 17 24-5 167.6 14 5-10 106.6 9 10-20 19925 9 20+ 159.0 13 Total 1,207.9 100
Noncommercial Forest Land Amounts to 150,800 Acres
Kansas also has two kinds of forest land on which industrial wood is not harvested: unproductive forest (128,400 acres) and productive-reserved forest land (22,400 acres).
All of the unproductive forest is owned by farmers and miscellaneous private parties, and most is in the post-blackjack oak type (59 percent), the eastern red- cedar-hardwood type (13 percent), and the oak-hick- ory type (10 percent).
The productive-reserved forest land, which includes Christmas tree plantations, is primarily owned by pub- lic agencies. The oak-hickory type (44 percent) and the eastern redcedar-hardwood type (33 percent) ac- count for most of the productive-reserved area.
Wooded Strips and Windbreaks-- An Important Resource
The area of nonforest land with trees (1,189 thou- sand acres) almost equals the area of commercial for- est land in the State. Trees are usually very sparse on this category of land except on wooded strips and windbreaks.
Wooded strips amount to 150,000 acres in Kansas (fig. 6). Most of these strips are in the elm-ash-cot- tonwood type (51,600 acres) and the lowland plains hardwoods type (49,900 acres), and almost all are owned by private parties. Only 10 percent of the area is in sawtimber stands, and almost equal amounts are in poletimber (39 percent) and sapling and seedling stands (38 percent). Sixty-one percent of the wooded strip area supports stands aged 30 years or less and 73 percent supports stands 40 years old and younger. The significance of wooded strips is indicated by the 92 million cubic feet of growing-stock trees and the 315 million board feet of sawtimber and short-log trees they contain. Although small tract size sometimes im- poses constraints on logging, these wooded strips are frequently logged in conjunction with adjacent com- mercial land.
Windbreaks total 186,300 acres in the State (fig. 7). Because their primary purpose is protection from wind, these windbreaks are of little significance for timber supply except for occasional firewood cuttings. Windbreaks are more numerous in the Western Unit (76,400 acres), compared with the Southeastern Unit (66,900 acres) and the Northeastern Unit (43,000 acres). Both wooded strips and windbreaks are im- portant habitat for wildlife.
One other significant class of nonforest land with trees is wooded pasture--grazed land with more than 16.7 percent stocking in live trees, but less than 25 percent stocking in growing-stock trees. In 1981, wooded pasture accounted for 210,000 acres--a 43-pc - cent drop from 369,000 acres in 1965. Some of the wooded pasture acreage in 1965 may have shifted into the commercial forest acreage because of the increased growth and stocking of growing-stock trees. For ex- ample, this might account for the increase in acreage of the eastern redcedar-hardwood type from 2.7 to 27.5 thousand acres between surveys.
Figure 6.-- Wooded strips, like these following a meandering stream, are land that meets all the requirements for commercial forest land except that it supports trees in stands less than 120 feet wide.
VOLUME
Timber Volume Shows Substantial Gain Between Inventories
Volume of growing stock on commercial forest land in Kansas increased 42 percent between 1965 (503 mil- lion cubic feet) and 1981 (711 million cubic feet). The continuing surplus of growth over timber removals be- tween inventories causes these building inventory vol- umes.
The minor softwood growing-stock volume, which is entirely eastern redcedar, had surged to 21 times its 1965 volume by 1981. Hardwood volume, which ac- counts for 99 percent of the growing-stock total, gained 41 percent between inventories:
Growing-stock volume
Species group 1965 1981 (Thousand cubic feet) Softwoods 216 4,591 Hardwoods 502,384 706,724 Total 502,600 711,315
Sawtimber volume on commercial forest land in- creased 31 percent, from 2.0 billion board feet* in 1965 to 2.6 billion in 1981. Softwood sawtimber volume showed an extraordinary expansion similar to the soft- wood growing-stock volume, but hardwoods showed a more modest gain:
‘International %-inch rule.
Figure 7.--Windbreaks, like the one above, are trees planted in strips less than 120 feet wide, used for protecting soil, fields, and buildings.
Species Sawtimber volume The Northeastern Survey Unit contains the largest group 1965 1981 growing-stock volume in the State. However, the (Million board feet) Western Unit, which has the smallest volume of the three Survey Units, showed the greatest percent of Softwoods 0.5 10.9 increase between inventories (table 2). Hardwoods 1,953.0 2,000.3 Total 1,953:5 2,966.2
Table 2.--Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber in 1965 and 1981 by Forest Survey Unit and change since 1965, Kansas
Pa hE UN yn a me te, Ne 0 1 ge en a SS
Forest Survey Growing-stock Change Sawtimber Change Unit volume since volume since 1965 1981 1965 1965 1981 1965
Thousand cubic feet Percent Thousand board feet! Percent Northeastern 233,033 315,093 + 35 879,200 1,107,613 + 26 Southeastern 188,375 249,128 + 32 738,579 828,546 +12 Western 81,192 147,094 + 81 335,767 630,070 + 88 Total 502,600 711,315 + 42 1,953,546 2,566,229 + 31
‘International %4-inch rule.
Linn County, with 31 million cubic feet, contains the largest growing-stock volume among counties, fol- lowed by Leavenworth (28 million cubic feet), Miami (26 million), Chautauqua (24 million), Bourbon (23 million), and Pottawatomie (22 million) (fig. 8).
Table 3.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1981
(In million cubic feet)
Nongrowing-stock Volume is re All ae : 216 Million Cubic Feet ass of timber ais oftwoods Hardwoods
In addition to the volume in growing-stock trees discussed thus far, rough and rotten, short-log, and eae 490.8 19 488.9 salvable dead tree volume adds another 216 million Boletionber 590 5 07 917.8 cubic feet. Total volume on commercial forest land in Kansas, then, is 927 million cubic feet (table 3). Total growing stock 711.3 4.6 706.7
Rough and rotten cull 143.8 0.5 143.3
The volume in short-log trees is 148 million board Short-log cull 67.4 0.4 67.0 feet, which brings total sawtimber volume on com- Salvable dead 45 01 44 mercial forest land to 2,714 million board feet in the State. The volume in sawtimber trees and short-log All classes 327-0 9.6 921.4 trees on wooded strips adds another 315 million board feet, bringing the total volume to 3,029 million board feet.
KANSAS NORTHEASTERN
WESTERN UNIT
SHERMAN L THOMAS SHERIDAN GRAHAM OSBORNE €
RUSSELL
] wichita
BARTON
] KEARNY ] FINNEY
Gi Blaser
—. Tsewaro
HOOGEMAN
EDWARDS,
BARBER
GROWING - STOCK VOLUME CLASSES (MILLION CUBIC FEET)
30+
20-30 ~ 10-20
0-10
Figure 8.--Growing-stock volume in Kansas counties, 1981.
4
STAFFORD -, hepa RENO
1
ELLSWORTH
RICE
== 2
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT
Although cull and salvable dead trees take up space that could be used by potentially more valuable grow- ing-stock trees, some of them provide homes for cav- ity-nesting birds and other wildlife. And many of these trees can be used for timber products such as saw logs or bolts and fuelwood.
Cottonwood First in Growing-stock Volume with One-fifth of Total
In both 1965 and 1981, cottonwood led all other spe- cies in growing-stock and sawtimber volumes. The 134 million cubic feet of cottonwood represents 19 percent of the total growing-stock volume on commercial for- est land in 1981 and is a 33-percent increase over the 1965 cottonwood growing-stock volume. In 1965, elm was second only to cottonwood in both growing-stock and sawtimber volumes, with a large concentration of volumes in the larger, overmature trees most suscep- tible to Dutch elm disease. The decimation of elm by the disease between the two surveys--elm growing- stock volume decreased from 89 to 31 million cubic feet--caused a reordering of volume rankings except for cottonwood. Hackberry moved up to second in 1981 with 87 million cubic feet, a 77-percent gain over its 1965 volume of 49 million cubic feet when it ranked third behind cottonwood and elm. Ash (62 million cu- bic feet), bur oak (61 million), and black walnut (58 million) are other species with large volumes. Black walnut, highly valued and in great demand for fur- niture, cabinets, gun stocks and other high-quality products, increased 57 percent from its 1965 volume of 37 million cubic feet. Sycamore was the only other species besides elm to decline in volume between sur- veys--a much more modest decline from 25 to 22 mil- lion cubic feet. Select white oaks (see Principal Tree and Shrub Species Groups in Kansas in Appendix) made the largest proportional increase between in- ventories, almost tripling from 12 to 34 million cubic feet.
The order of species by sawtimber volume is some- what different from that of growing stock. Cottonwood dominates with 24 percent of the total, expanding from 459 million board feet in 1965 to 610 million board feet in 1981. Hackberry contains the second largest sawtimber volume, with 300 million board feet. Bur oak ranks third in sawtimber volume with 286 million board feet, ash is fourth with 186 million board feet, and select red oaks are fifth with 183 million board feet. Black walnut volume follows with 170 million board feet. As might be expected from its 1965 con- centration of volume in the larger diameters, elm saw- timber volume plunged even more sharply than growing-stock volume--from 358 to 70 million board feet between inventories.
10
Nonindustrial private owners account for 94 percent of the growing-stock volume. Farmers clearly domi- nate with 60 percent of the total, and miscellaneous private parties own 34 percent of the volume. Public agencies own the remaining 6 percent.
Half of Growing-stock Volume in Trees 14 Inches in Diameter and Smaller
Fifty-two percent of the State’s 1981 volume of growing stock is in trees in the 14-inch diameter class and smaller (fig. 9). There are no gaps in total growing- stock volume between succeeding diameter classes that might cause future supply problems, although un- even volumes by diameter class may pose problems in the future supply of certain species--especially soft maple, basswood and sycamore. Nineteen percent of the volume is in trees 24 inches in diameter and greater, due largely to the high proportions of cotton- wood and bur oak volumes in these bigger trees. Forty- four percent of the total cottonwood volume and 38 percent of the bur oak volume are in these larger trees. Sixty-four percent of the cumulative growing-stock volume of ash, hackberry, and black walnut--among the 5 species with the greatest volumes--is in diameter classes 14 inches and smaller. The proportion in these classes is 76 percent for black walnut.
The 1981 growing-stock volumes are greater than the 1965 volumes in each diameter class, as shown in figure 9.
Average volume per acre of growing stock on com- mercial forest land in 1981 was 589 cubic feet com- pared to 422 cubic feet in 1965. Average volume per acre was highest in the cottonwood forest type (1,397 cubic feet), followed by the lowland plains hardwoods type (672), oak-hickory type (612), elm-ash-cotton- wood type (596), and the post-blackjack oak type (555).
The average sawtimber volume per acre in 1981 was 2,125 board feet compared to 1,640 board feet in 1965. The cottonwood type leads by an even wider margin than for growing stock, averaging 6,024 board feet per acre, followed by lowland plains hardwood (2,564 board feet), elm-ash-cottonwood (2,162), and oak- hickory (2,114).
Three-quarters of the total growing-stock volume is in three forest types--oak-hickory (27 percent), low- land plains hardwoods (25 percent), and elm-ash-cot- tonwood (24 percent).
A 140 TN \ 130 N \ N 120 \ UY [_] 1965 N KS 1981 I 100 N \ 90 N <N NN 80 N < N : INSTR \ 2 IINININES N 2 KAINININININAg N = oo INI NINININININ \ N | NIE NASPNAN | NTS N N | IANNT AAS] NTN . 0. | NI NNT N| NENIN] NS N NINN NI NTMSNIN A AST ILLS NNLNENEST NYT NEUSE NT NENFNI NI NI NP NAYER *~LNENFNT NT NEN] NINDS NN} N) NINENHNFNT NIN ST ELEAF TL NI NENEFNTNI NIN} NUNES »h] NENFNEN]) NI NI NENENEN YN] NI NI Ni NUESENTN N TL EHATL Ni NI NENENFNT NI NI NIN N) NLENENT NI NIN) Ni NES ok| NENTNI N) NI Ni NUNENFN NTN! NI NI NI NESENININ oALULAFRPET A ALLL \ NUP ss NUS ETERS
Figure 9.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land, by diameter class, Kansas, 1965 and 1981.
Largest Volume in Stands Aged 51-80 Years
Forty-six percent of the total growing-stock volume is concentrated in stands 51-80 years old (fig. 10). This
125
100
THOUSAND CUBIC FEET
STAND-AGE CLASS (YEARS)
Figure 10.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by stand-age class, Kansas, 1981.
bulge corresponds to a similar bulge in the area of commercial forest land for those stand-age classes. These stands, which originated between 1901 and 1930, were among the first to become established as the public became more aware of its forests.
Sawtimber Quality is Good
The butt log of every sawtimber tree tallied in the Kansas inventory was log-graded. The total volume in sawtimber trees was grouped by butt log grade based on the sampled tree volumes by butt log grade. These volumes could not be converted to whole-tree log grades because the means to make this conversion ac- curately are not available. Volumes, then, represent the total volume in trees with the indicated butt log grade. However, experience in other States where butt log grade was converted to whole tree log grade in- dicates that the volume distribution by whole tree log grades is not much different from that of volumes in trees by butt log grade.
The volume of sawtimber is fairly evenly divided among the best three of the four log grades used to estimate saw log quality in Kansas (fig. 11). (See Log Grade section in Appendix for an explanation of in- dividual log grades). Sycamore produces the highest proportion of sawtimber volume in grades 1 and 2 (log grade 1 is the highest quality) with 86 percent. Cot- tonwood ranks second in quality with 76 percent of its volume in these two grades, followed by ash (70 percent), willow (66 percent), black walnut (63 per- cent), and other hickories (63 percent).
MILLION BOARD FEET
78
BUTT LOG GRADE
Figure 11.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by butt log grade,
Kansas, 1981. Black Walnut Volume Increasing
Black walnut deserves special comment because of its exceptionally high value and the extraordinary de- mand for this fine hardwood. In addition to the 58 million cubic feet of black walnut growing stock in Kansas, there are 5 million cubic feet of short-log cull and 5 million cubic feet of rough and rotten cull black walnut on commercial forest land. Similarly there are 5 million cubic feet of walnut in all tree classes on wooded strips and another 3 million cubic feet of wal- nut on other nonforest land with trees (table 4).
Table 4.--Net volume of black walnut by land class and tree class, Kansas, 1981
(In million cubic feet)
Commercial _Nonforest with trees _ Tree class forest Wooded strips Other Growing stock 57.8 3:3 2.1 Short-log cull SS) 0.7 0.6 Rough and rotten cull 5.4 0.5 0.8 All classes 68.7 45 He)
Black walnut sawtimber volume on commercial for- est land was 170 million board feet in 1981. The total walnut volume, including that from all tree classes and land classes, is 200 million board feet (see table 64 in Appendix).
12
The volume of black walnut increased between sur- veys faster than the hardwood volume average. Walnut growing stock increased 57 percent compared to an increase of 41 percent for all hardwood growing stock, and walnut sawtimber volume gained 57 percent com- pared to 31 percent for all hardwoods. However, vol- ume of walnut in the larger diameter classes represents a smaller share of total walnut volume than it did in 1965, reflecting the heavy demand for large trees. In 1965, 15 percent of the walnut sawtimber volume was in trees 19 inches in diameter and larger, compared to 54 percent for all species. In 1981, only 12 percent of the walnut sawtimber volume was in trees at least 19 inches d.b.h., compared to 44 percent for all species.
Nonforest Land has Large Volume
In addition to the 711 million cubic feet of growing stock on commercial forest land discussed so far, non- forest land with trees contributes 115 million cubic feet in growing-stock trees, as seen below:
Land use Volume of growing stock (Million cubic feet) Wooded strips 91.5 Wooded pasture 23.4 Windbreaks 0.5 Total 115.4
Of this nonforest land, wooded strips have the great- est potential for commercial timber production be- cause they meet the definition of commercial forest land in every way except they are less than 120 feet wide. In addition to growing-stock volume shown
above, wooded strips contain 300 million board feet in sawtimber trees.
Volume on wooded strips is fairly evenly divided between upland and lowland forest types. Cottonwood is the most abundant species on wooded strips (24 million cubic feet), followed by hackberry (13 million), bur oak (11 million), and ash (11 million). Forty-four percent of the growing-stock volume on wooded strips is in the Western Survey Unit, followed by the North- eastern Unit (33 percent), and the Southeastern Unit (23 percent).
In contrast to wooded strips, wooded pasture is pri- marily used for grazing; and a combination of this use, adverse sites, and poor tree quality preclude this land class from much commercial timber production. Wooded pastures are frequently rangeland or pastures invaded by low-quality trees. Some of these lands classed as wooded pasture may become commercial forest in the future as increased stocking and tree growth bring them into the required stocking to meet commercial forest standards. On the other hand, many others may be cleared of trees through proper range or pasture management.
GROWTH, MORTALITY, REMOVALS, AND BIOMASS Net Growth Rises Slightly
Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land increased 5 percent between surveys, from 22 million cubic feet in 1964 to 23 million cubic feet in 1980.
The Northeastern Unit accounted for 41 percent of the growth volume, but 44 percent of total growing- stock volume. The Southeastern Unit, however, claimed 42 percent of the growth even though it had 35 percent of growing-stock volume. And the Western Unit, with its somewhat harsher growing conditions and somewhat larger diameter trees, contributed only 17 percent of the growth volume, although it accounted for 21 percent of the growing-stock inventory.
The average cubic foot growth rate in the State in 1980 was 3.3 percent of growing-stock inventory, com- pared to 4.4 percent in 1964. This means that even though the volume of net growth increased between surveys (5 percent), it did not increase as fast as the growing-stock inventory (42 percent).
Net growth per acre increased from 18.5 cubic feet in 1964 to 19.2 cubic feet in 1980, a 4-percent gain.
The highest average cubic foot growth rate was in the Southeastern Unit (3.9 percent), followed by the Northeastern Unit (3.1 percent), and the Western Unit (2.6 percent).
Among species with the highest cubic foot growth rates are eastern redcedar (10.3 percent), boxelder (7.3 percent), hackberry (5.1 percent), and soft maple (4.5 percent).
Net annual growth of sawtimber in 1980 amounted to 64 million board feet--a growth rate of 2.5 percent of inventory. Sawtimber growth per acre averaged 53.0 board feet.
Net annual growth represents growth and ingrowth less natural mortality. The total volume lost by the death of a large, overmature tree cancels out the growth in many smaller diameter trees of the same species. Therefore, a species with a higher proportion of its trees and volume in the larger diameter classes, those likeliest to die, tends to have a lower net annual growth rate. Cottonwood, for example, has a net an- nual growing-stock growth rate of 1.9 percent, and a sawtimber growth rate of 1.4 percent--both rates well below average. Approximately half of the cottonwood cubic foot volume is in trees 21 inches in diameter and larger, compared to 19 percent for all other species combined.
Potential Growth Higher than Current Growth
The present net annual growth in Kansas is less than the potential net growth (or productive potential) of the commercial forest land, which cannot be meas- ured accurately. However, we made a rough estimate of it by using site class information collected during the latest inventory. Site class values indicate the an- nual volume of growth per acre in fully stocked stands undisturbed by man (unmanaged or uncut) at culmi- nation of mean annual increment’.
By multiplying the area of commercial forest land in each site by the midpoint of the growth range in that class, we estimated potential growth in the State (table 5). This method yields inflated results because most stands in Kansas are neither fully stocked nor undisturbed. In addition, it does not take into account the present distribution of age classes or the obvious differences in growth among them. Spurr)and Vaux (1976) discounted an estimate of potential growth for the Nation by 10 percent to arrive at a figure they considered realistic. A study of the aspen type in Wis- consin suggests that potential growth is 52 percent higher than current growth (Lundgren and Hahn 1978).
°Culmination of mean annual increment is the point at which a curve plotting current annual increment crosses a curve plotting mean annual increment.
Table 5.--Estimation of potential net annual growth on commercial forest land, Kansas, 1980
Potential net Total
Site class - Area of cubic feet/acre/ commercial
year forest land
Thousand acres
120-4: 2.1 85-119 158.9 50-84 485.5 20-49 561.4
growth/acre’ potential net growth Cu ft/acre/year Thousand cubic
feet/year
142.0 298.2
102.0 16,207.8
67.0 32,528.5
34.5 19,368.3
-- 68,402.8
Total 1,207.9
‘Midpoint of site class interval.
The undiscounted potential net annual growth for Kansas using the above method is 68.4 million cubic feet or 56.6 cubic feet per acre. If this potential growth is discounted 10 percent, the resulting 61.6 million cu- bic feet or 51.0 cubic feet per acre is a better estimate, although its accuracy can only be guessed.
This potential growth is not the ultimate growth possible--higher volumes of growth can be attained by applying intensive forest management practices such as thinning, fertilization, and planting or seeding ge- netically superior stock.
Tree Disease Largest Known Cause of Death
Net annual mortality of growing-stock trees in- creased from 3.3 million cubic feet in 1964 to 3.8 mil- lion in 1980, a 15-percent gain. The mortality rate in 1964 was 0.7 percent of inventory; in 1980 it was 0.5 percent.
The largest volume of mortality was due to “un- known and other” causes, 43 percent of the total (fig. 12). This finding stems from the difficulty experienced by field crews in determining the primary cause of death in trees that had been dead for several years. Among the known causes of mortality, disease ac- counted for the largest volume, 40 percent of the total. Diseases of elm, principally Dutch elm disease, ac- count for nearly six-tenths of the disease-caused mor- tality.
Mortality of sawtimber amounted to only 12.3 mil- lion board feet in 1980--0.5 percent of inventory.
14
Timber Removals Higher Between Surveys
Timber removals from growing stock increased from 8.3 to 14.0 million cubic feet between surveys, a 68- percent gain. Sawtimber removals jumped even higher, from 30.0 to 53.3 million board feet, a 77-percent in- crease.
ANIMALS (3%) SUPPRESSION (1%) INSECTS (3%) FIRE
WEATHER
ND OTHER (43%)
AWS (40%) X=
=
Figure 12.--Annual mortality of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by cause of mortality, Kansas, 1980.
Cottonwood accounted for the largest volume of growing-stock removals in 1980 with 1.9 million cubic feet, compared to 1.1 million cubic feet in 1964, when it represented the second largest volume. In 1964 black walnut led all other species with 1.2 million cubic feet, but by 1980 it had dropped to third place among spe- cies, even though its removals volume had increased slightly to 1.3 million cubic feet. Removals of ash were the second largest in 1980 with 1.6 million cubic feet, nearly triple the 1964 removals volume of 0.6 million cubic feet.
The picture is somewhat different for sawtimber re- movals. Black walnut sawtimber removals in 1980 were 8.3 million board feet--a 14-percent increase from 1964--and second only to cottonwood at 9.2 million board feet. Ash was a distant third in sawtimber re- movals at 5.5 million board feet. This difference is due to a high proportion of the ash volume being utilized for fuelwood, which allows use of smaller diameter trees. By contrast, virtually all the walnut volume is utilized as saw logs and veneer logs.
The volume of removals increased between surveys for most species, but declined for a few species. Re- movals of hickory in 1980 were one half the 1964 vol- ume even though the growing-stock inventory more than doubled during this period. The relative scarcity of large diameter hickories is a major factor--only 17 percent of the growing-stock volume of hickory is in trees 15 inches d.b.h. and larger. The removals volumes for soft maple and elm also declined 25 percent and 19 percent, respectively, between surveys. The elm de- cline came at the same time the inventory of elm grow- ing stock fell to one-third of its 1964 volume.
Eighty-six percent of the growing-stock removals (12.1 million cubic feet) were harvested for roundwood products, primarily fuelwood and saw logs. Other re- movals--trees removed but not used for products, or trees left standing but “removed” from the commercial forest classification by land use change--amounted to 8 percent of the removals volume (1.1 million cubic feet). Logging residue--unused trees killed by logging or the unused portion of cut trees--accounted for the remaining 6 percent of the removals volume (0.8 mil- lion cubic feet).
Fuelwood (7.6 million cubic feet) accounted for 63 percent of the volume of roundwood products from growing stock in 1980, and saw logs (4.3 million cubic feet) accounted for 36 percent. In 1964 the proportion was 35 percent for fuelwood and 45 percent for saw logs.
Ninety percent of the sawtimber removals volume (48.0 million board feet) was harvested for roundwood products. The proportion of sawtimber roundwood
products in saw logs did not change much between 1964 (57 percent) and 1980 (55 percent). But the pro- portion of roundwood products used as fuelwood did shift from 1964 (20 percent) to 1980 (44 percent).
Although the Southeastern Unit contains only 35 percent of the State’s growing-stock inventory, it ac- counted for 45 percent of the total removals volume. The Northeastern Unit accounted for 43 percent of the removals (44 percent of total inventory), and the Western Unit made up only 12 percent of the removals (21 percent of inventory).
Private land supplied virtually all of the removals from growing stock.
Growing-stock Growth Two-thirds Higher Than Timber Removals
One way of appraising the level of removals is to compare it with growth. This is an imperfect method because the volume of growth includes the growth from many trees too small to be part of the volume of removals.
In 1980 growing-stock removals (14.0 million cubic feet) amounted to only 60 percent of the volume of growth (23.2 million cubic feet). Sawtimber removals (53.3 million board feet) were 83 percent of growth (64.0 million board feet). These surpluses of growth over removals create the presently expanding inven- tory volumes.
Aboveground Biomass Estimated
Interest in whole-tree utilization is increasing as de- mand for wood fiber increases, as wood as an energy source is further exploited, and as costs of harvesting timber products continue to rise. An estimate of the aboveground weight of live trees and shrubs in Kansas was made as part of the inventory.
The total biomass of all live trees at least 1 inch d.b.h. on commercial forest land in the State amounts to 53.3 million green tons, an average of 44 tons per acre. The largest total biomass is in the oak-hickory forest type with 15.0 million green tons (47 tons per acre), but the greatest biomass density is in the cot- tonwood type where the 77 tons per acre converts to a total of 5.2 million tons. Among individual species, cottonwood contributes the largest share of biomass (6.8 million green tons), followed by hackberry (5.9 million tons), elm (4.2 million tons), bur oak (4.2 mil- lion tons), and ash (4.1 million tons).
The greatest proportion of live-tree biomass is lo- cated in growing-stock trees (64 percent). Cull trees
15
provide 22 percent of the State’s biomass, and trees 1 to 5 inches in diameter add the remaining 14 percent:
Weight (Million green tons)
Biomass component
Growing-stock trees
Boles 22.8 Tops and limbs 2 Cull trees Boles 7.0 Tops and limbs 4.6 1- to 5-inch trees jee Total 53.3
The biomass of shrubs is greatest in the willow for- est type, where these plants average 2,786 pounds per acre green weight, and in the eastern redcedar-hard- wood type where they average 2,767 pounds per acre. The upland elm-ash-locust and oak-hickory types pro- duce the next largest shrub biomass amounts, 1,065 and 986 pounds per acre, respectively. Many shrubs are important wildlife food and cover species.
Among the tall shrubs (including live trees less than 1 inch in d.b.h.), roughleaf dogwood produces the greatest average biomass with 269 pounds per acre’. American elm was a distant second with 76 pounds per acre, followed by green ash with 74 pounds per acre, hackberry with 38 pounds per acre, and slippery elm with 30 pounds per acre.
°A weighted average based on the number of plots sampled for biomass in each forest type and the biomass of each species in the type, including types in which the shrub species was not found.
Buckbrush predominates among low shrubs with an average biomass of 129 pounds per acre. Poison ivy follows with 8 pounds per acre along with gooseberry- currant with 7 pounds per acre.
Table 6 summarizes the per acre biomass yields for each forest type by vegetation component.
PROJECTIONS
Projections of National Timber Supply
In the most recent projection of national demand for roundwood, annual consumption is estimated to increase from 13.3 billion cubic feet in 1976 to 25.2 billion in 2010, an 89-percent gain (USDA Forest Ser- vice 1981). Hardwood demand in the U.S. is projected to jump from 3.0 to 7.5 billion cubic feet during this period--a 150-percent increase. Demand for softwood is projected to be much higher but to increase at a slower rate, from 10.3 to 17.7 billion cubic feet--a 72- percent rise. The faster rate for hardwood demand reflects the expected increase in the use of hardwood roundwood for pulpwood and fuelwood, hardwood lumber for pallets and railroad ties, and hardwood ply- wood and veneer for furniture. This projection, made at a medium level of population and economic growth, assumes that the price trends in the base period used in making the projection (roughly from the late 1950’s through the mid 1970’s) continue through the projec- tion period.’ When the excess of roundwood imports (4.5 billion cubic feet) over exports (1.5 billion) is sub- tracted from the projected demand in 2010, the result
‘Another projection was made under the assumption that prices will rise enough to maintain an equilibrium between projected demand and supply.
Table 6.--Biomass yields on commercial forest land by forest type and vegetation component, Kansas, 1981
(In pounds per acre green weight)
All Forest type Components Eastern redcedar-hardwood 44 430 Oak-hickory 95,903 Post-blackjack oak 93,090 Upland plains hardwoods 85,179 Elm-ash-cottonwood 88,461 Cottonwood 153,688 Willow 62,400 Lowland plains hardwoods 97,600 Upland elm-ash-locust 47,411 Nonstocked 31,484
16
Biomass yields
Tall Low Live
shrubs shrubs trees 2,707 60 41,663 834 152 94,917 200 194 92,696 493 177 84,509 582 160 87,719 474 126 153,088 2,649 137; 59,614 722 183 96,695 892 173 46,346 189 69 31,226
is the annual demand on United States forests--22.2 billion cubic feet.
National roundwood supplies (timber available for harvest) are projected to increase from 12.1 to 18.7 billion cubic feet between 1976 and 2010.° Projected demand on United States forests in 2010 exceeds sup- ply by 3.5 billion cubic feet. The short-fall is much larger for softwoods (3.3 billion cubic feet) than for hardwoods (0.2 billion).
Timber Projections for Kansas
Kansas, with its comparatively small timber re- source and the primacy of hardwoods, will play a minor role in meeting the Nation’s future demand-supply problems, which chiefly concern softwoods. However, the State will continue to be an important supplier of black walnut nationally. To gain perspective on what lies ahead for Kansas, we made several projections of the State’s timber resource under different levels of removals.
We made two 30-year projections using the Timber Resource Analysis System (TRAS) program (Alig et al. 1982), a computer program for updating, backdat- ing and projecting timber resource information. The first projection assumes a continuation of recent levels of timber removals (low removals option), and the sec- ond assumes a higher level of removals (high removals option). Softwoods and hardwoods were grouped to- gether because the volume of softwoods is so small. TRAS uses a stand projection technique involving in- put of number of trees, growth rates, mortality rates, and removal rates, all by 2-inch diameter classes, along with assumed total removals by year and assumed in- growth into the 2-inch diameter class.
Assumptions common to both options are: (1) the area of commercial forest land will remain unchanged (some decline is expected, but not enough to affect the results of the projection); (2) radial growth will decline in relation to the increase of basal area per acre of trees; (3) the intensity of forest management will con- tinue at the rate indicated by recent trends; and (4) the volume of “other” removals will drop during the period as more of these trees are utilized for products.
Low Removals Option Projection
The low option assumes that timber removals will increase from 14.0 million cubic feet in 1980 to 25.8
8This projection shows the volume of timber available for harvest from domestic forests if recent trends in the forces determining supply, such as commercial forest area, management levels, and prices, continue through the projection period.
million cubic feet in 2010. Growth is projected to ex- ceed removals throughout the period, to peak about 1999, then to turn down. Growing-stock inventory, then, is projected to increase at an average annual rate of 1.81 percent or 13 million cubic feet (fig. 13). The assumed average annual change in removals used in the projections is shown in the following tabulation:
Low removals High removals
Period option option (Percent annual change) 1981-1985 0.5 2.3 1986-1990 XD 3.6 1991-1995 Ba 3.9 1996-2000 2.5 oe 2001-2005 Dal 3.3 2006-2010 2.0 Hi
Removals in this option increase throughout the period, ending in 2010 84 percent higher than in 1980. Removals for saw logs and fuelwood, the major round- wood products in 1980, are both expected to rise during the projection period, but more of these products will probably be recovered from “other” removals.
Growth is projected to increase from 23.2 million cubic feet in 1980 to 35.2 million cubic feet in 1999, then to turn down to 31.4 million cubic feet in 2010.
1,300 1,200
1,100
(= Wy t! 1,000 9 a 900 > .o) > 800 INVENTORY 3° x 700 = 600 500 400 45 40 kK GROWTH ly 35 ry © 30 a Suii2s 2 Oo 20 =! SO REMOVALS =
1965 1981 1991 2001 2011
Figure 13.--Removals, net growth, and inventory of growing stock in Kansas, 1965 and 1981, and low removals option projection for 1982-2011.
The surplus of growth over removals was 9.2 million cubic feet in 1980. This surplus is projected to grow to 16.4 million cubic feet in 1992, tapering off to 5.6 million cubic feet in 2010.
Growing-stock inventory is projected to climb dur- ing the entire period, but to increase at a slower rate during the last decade. The 1981 inventory of 711.3 million cubic feet is projected to reach 1,098.2 million cubic feet by 2011--a 54-percent gain.
High Removals Option Projection
Removals under this option reflect a higher level of harvesting than the previous option. Timber removals are projected to exceed growth by 2008, and inventory is projected to turn down at that time (fig. 14).
Timber removals jump from 14.0 million cubic feet in 1980 to 37.2 million cubic feet in 2010, a 166-percent gain. Markets for forest products are larger than as- sumed for the low option.
Net growth is projected to climb from 23.2 million cubic feet in 1980, peak at 35.5 million cubic feet in 2000, then fall off to 34.4 million in 2010. The excess of growth over removals in 1980, 9.2 million cubic feet, is projected to swell to 13.4 million cubic feet in 1990, then to vanish in 2008 when the growth and removals
1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000
900
800 INVENTORY
700
MILLION CUBIC FEET
600 500 400 45 40 GROWTH
35
30
REMOVALS
MILLION CUBIC FEET nN a
1965 1981 1991 2001 2011
Figure 14.--Removals, net growth, and inventory of growing stock in Kansas, 1965 and 1981, and high removals option projection for 1982-2011.
18
curves intersect. By 2010 the deficit of removals over growth is projected to be 2.8 million cubic feet.
Inventory rises more slowly than for the low option, from 711.3 million cubic feet in 1981 to a peak of 974.0 million cubic feet in 2008. Responding to the deficit of removals over growth beyond 2008, inventory then sags to 969.3 million cubic feet by 2011.
The Outlook
These projections probably represent the bounds within which the actual forest situation will develop. The low and high removals options are valid only to the extent that the assumptions upon which they are based are realized. Projections for the first decade are the most significant because rapidly changing eco- nomic, market, and social conditions may invalidate these assumptions and sharply reduce the value of pro- jections for the last two decades.
The projections are not intended to convey desirable goals from silvicultural, social, or economic perspec- tives. They simply indicate what is likely to happen if forests in the State are managed much as they have been for the past 16 years and if harvesting occurs at a “high” or a “low” level.
Inventory is likely to continue accumulating at a rate close to that of current times, for about two dec- ades, then slow down or decline during the third dec- ade. If timber management efforts are increased beyond that of recent trends, higher growth and larger- than-projected inventories could develop toward the end of the projection period. More complete utilization of residues, tree tops and limbs, the volumes of which are not included in growing-stock inventories, is de- sirable and would further extend supplies of wood. The rekindled interest in fuelwood as a source of energy suggests that this may be happening. Inventories could be smaller than projected if the area of commercial forest land declines faster than assumed.
The area of the oak-hickory forest type, which surged by 71 percent from its 1965 area to become the largest type in 1981, will probably continue to gain at the expense of the upland plains hardwoods and up- land elm-ash-locust types. The rate of increase, how- ever, may slow.
Total output of fuelwood from roundwood nearly quadrupled from 1964 to 1980--from 68,000 cords to 255,000 cords. There is little reason to expect this up- ward trend to do anything but continue. This in- creased utilization for fuelwood presents both an opportunity and a threat to improved forest manage- ment. If the lower quality trees are taken for fuelwood, a market incentive will be provided to accomplish tim- ber stand improvement to release desirable growing-
stock trees. If, on the other hand, many of the best young growing-stock trees are taken out for fuelwood, the future potential to produce quality saw logs will be greatly reduced. The key is proper landowner un- derstanding and application of sound forest manage- ment practices.
Because nonindustrial forest landowners possess 96 percent of the commercial forest area and 94 percent of the growing-stock volume, they obviously control the destiny of the State’s forest resource. Improve- ment in the forest situation will be slow unless many of these independent owners become convinced that timber management is economically attractive. Poli- cies that seek to bring practical technical information and field assistance on timber sale preparation and administration along with forest management will help to bring about more positive change among forest landowners. These owners might also be persuaded by policies that make timber-growing more profitable to them, such as efforts to expand markets for timber products and to increase financial incentives for per- forming needed management work.
LITERATURE CITED
Alig, Ralph J.; Brink, Glen E.; Goforth, Marcus H.; La Bau, Vernon J.; Mills, Thomas J. TRAS 1980-- User’s manual for an expanded version of the TRAS projection system. Ft. Collins, Co: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain For- est and Range Experiment Station; 1982. 63 p.
Chase, Clarence D.; Strickler, John K. Kansas wood- lands. Resour. Bull. NC-4, St. Paul, MN: U.S. De- partment of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1968. 50 p.
Fernald, Merritt L. Gray’s manual of botany. New York: American Book Company; 1950. 1,632 p.
Little, Elbert L., Jr. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541. Wash- ington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1979. 375 p.
Lundgren, Allen L.; Hahn, Jerold T. The extent and characteristics of low productivity aspen areas in Wisconsin. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-45. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station; 1978. 24 p.
Spurr, Stephen H.; Vaux, Henry J. Timber: biological and economic potential. Science 191(4228): 752-756; 1976.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. An assessment of the forest and range land situation in the United States. For. Resour. Rep. 22. Washing- ton, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 1981. 352 p.
Vaughn, C. L.; Wollin, A.C; McDonald, K. A.; Bulgrin, E. H. Hardwood log grades for standard lumber. Res.
Pap. FPL-63. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Ag- riculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Labora- tory; 1966. 52 p.
APPENDIX Accuracy of Survey
Forest Inventory and Analysis information is based on a sampling procedure designed to provide reliable statistics at the State and Survey Unit levels. Con- sequently, the reported figures are estimates only. However, a measure of reliability of these figures is given by sampling errors. These sampling errors mean that the chances are two out of three that if a 100- percent inventory had been taken, using the same methods, the results would have been within the limits indicated.
For example, the estimated area of commercial for- est land in Kansas in 1981, 1,207.9 thousand acres, has a sampling error of + 2.45 percent (+ 29,594 acres). The commercial forest area from a 100-percent inven- tory, then, would be expected to fall between 1,237.5 and 1,178.3 thousand acres (1,207.9 + 29.6), there being a one in three chance that this is not the case.
The following tabulations show sampling errors for State and Survey Unit totals of information collected during the 1981 Kansas Forest Inventory.
STATE TOTALS
Item Sampling error Growing stock: (Million cubic feet) (Percent) Volume MLAS, 3.52 Growth Dare 5.61 Removals 14.0 17.00
Sawtimber: (Million board feet) Volume 2,566.2 4.24 Growth 64.0 6.44 Removals 53.3 20.10 (Thousand acres) Commercial forest area 1,207.9 2.45 NORTHEASTERN UNIT Item Sampling error Growing stock: (Million cubic feet) (Percent) Volume 31541 4.82 Growth 9.7 8.05 Removals 6.0 26.37 Sawtimber: (Million board feet) Volume 1,107.6 5.89 Growth 21D 9.22 Removals 23 32.15 (Thousand acres) Commercial forest area 588.1 3.16
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT
Item Sampling error
Growing stock: (Million cubic feet) (Percent)
Volume 249.1 5.28
Growth 9.7 8.70
Removals 6.3 27.89 Sawtimber: (Million board feet)
Volume 828.5 6.39
Growth 27.6 9.86
Removals 24.6 31.82
(Thousand acres) Commercial forest area 437.0 3.89
WESTERN UNIT
Item Sampling error Growing stock: (Million cubic feet) (Percent) Volume 147.1 13.27 Growth 3.9 20.30 Removals aba 48.20
Sawtimber: (Million board feet) Volume 630.1 14.18 Growth 8.9 17.76 Removals 5.6 46.36 (Thousand acres) Commercial forest area 182.8 8.43
As survey data are broken down into sections smaller than State or Survey Unit totals, the sampling error increases. The smaller the breakdown, the larger the sampling error. For example, the sampling error for area of commercial forest land in a particular county is higher than that for total commercial forest area in the Survey Unit (tables 110-113 show the sam- pling errors for estimates smaller than State and Sur- vey Unit totals).
SURVEY PROCEDURE
The major steps in the survey of Kansas were as follows:
1. A total of 275,271 1-acre points were systemati- cally distributed across aerial photos of the entire State. Photo interpretors classified these points as for- est land (9,570), nonforest land with trees (5,208), nonforest land without trees (258,420), questionable (424), and water (1,649), in order to make a prelimi- nary estimate of forest area. Next, all of the forest points (9,570), 543 of the nonforest with tree points, and all of the questionable points (424) were stereo- classified as to forest type, stand-size class, and den- sity. Then 1,386 points classed as forest, 96 points
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classed as questionable, and 543 points classed as non- forest with trees were examined on the ground to cor- rect the preliminary area estimate for errors in classification and for actual changes in land use since the photos were taken. At each of the 937 commercial forest locations, variable-radius plots (basal area fac- tor 37.5) were established at 10 points uniformly placed over the sample acre. Of these 937 locations, 222 were plots established during the 1965 survey and remeasured during the 1981 survey to provide im- proved growth and mortality information. Tree meas- urements made at commercial forest locations were the basis for estimates of timber volume, growth, mor- tality, number of trees, and other forest classifications.
2. An estimate of the volume of black walnut on nonforest land was made by establishing 10-point, var- iable-radius plots on nonforest ground-check locations wherever black walnut trees were found. This included black walnut trees found on fence rows or as scattered trees, but did not include walnut trees in urban areas, lawns, or in other areas where harvest of these trees is unlikely.
3. An estimate of the volume of timber on nonforest wooded strips was made by establishing 10-point, fixed-radius plots on wooded strip ground-check lo- cations. The design and size of these plots were ad- justed to allow for the narrowness of the strips.
4. Growth and mortality on commercial forest land were estimated using data collected on both remea- surement plots (those established in 1965 and remea- sured in 1981) and new plots established in 1981. Growth was measured on remeasurement plots as the observed change in volume on surviving trees. Growth was estimated on new plots by using growth equations developed during the 1972 Missouri survey. Mortality on remeasurement plots was calculated as the ob- served volume in trees that died between surveys. On new plots, mortality was estimated by determining the volume in trees that died within 3 years of plot es- tablishment. Growth and mortality were converted to an annual basis.
5. Statistics on timber utilization during 1980 were obtained from mill surveys. State and Extension For- estry, Kansas State University (S&EF) canvassed res- ident sawmills and other primary wood-using plants. The North Central Forest Experiment Station can- vassed out-of-State primary wood-using mills such as sawmills and veneer mills to determine their use of timber from Kansas. State and Extension Forestry made estimates of 1980 fuelwood and post production from roundwood based on the best information avail- able on recent output of these products. Estimates of primary mill residue used for fuelwood were obtained from the canvass of Kansas primary wood-using
plants. Timber cut for products by ownership class was determined by a canvass of public and industrial timber owners. The portion of timber harvest unac- counted for by the latter owners was grouped under “farmer and other owners”.
6. Wood utilization factors for converting timber products output to timber removals for saw logs, ve- neer logs, and cooperage logs were obtained during the 1971-1972 Missouri utilization study. Factors for fuel- wood were obtained during the 1964 Kansas utilization study. Factors for all other products were obtained during the 1959-1960 Missouri utilization study.
7. Field data were sent to St. Paul for processing and analysis.
Comparing Kansas’ Third Survey with the Second Survey
Data from new forest surveys are often compared with data from earlier ones to determine trends in forest areas and volumes. Changes in procedures and definitions between surveys make it necessary to ad- just earlier survey data to make them comparable with data from the new survey.
We adjusted the published 1965 area of commercial forest land, 1,192.4 thousand acres, by subtracting 900 acres that were classed commercial forest in 1965, but
were Christmas tree production areas (productive-re- served forest land) in 1981. The adjusted 1965 area (1,191.5 thousand acres) can be compared directly with the 1981 area (1,207.9 thousand acres).
A test was made to ensure that we could move from the adjusted 1965 volumes to the new 1981 volumes by means of Timber Resource Analysis System (TRAS), a Forest Service computer program for up- dating, backdating, and projecting timber volume, growth, mortality, and removals. TRAS recalculated 1965 volumes using 1981 estimates of cubic foot vol- ume per tree and 1981 board foot-cubic foot ratios. The volumes had to be adjusted so that differences between surveys represented actual change and not merely change in the volume equations used.
LOG GRADE
The butt log of every sawtimber tree on every full permanent sample plot, remeasurement plot, and non- forest plot with black walnut trees (4,194 trees) was graded for quality. Logs were graded on the basis of external characteristics. Hardwood species were graded according to “Hardwood Log Grades for Stan- dard Lumber” (Vaughn et al. 1966). The best 12-foot section of the lowest 16-foot hardwood log, or the best 12-foot upper section if the butt log did not meet min- imum log-grade standards, was graded as follows:
21
Forest Service standard grades for hardwood factory saw logs
Specifications
Log grade 2
Grading factors Log grade 1 Log grade 3
pase Butts and Butts and Position in tree uppers Butts and uppers uppers
Scaling diameter, inches 13-15! 16-19 20+ 11+? 12+ 8+ Length without trim, feet 10+ 10+ 8-9 10-114 12+ 8+ Min. length, feet 7 5 3 3 3 3 3 2 Ane Stoach of Max. number 2 2 Q Q : - 3 Limit three best faces* Min. proportion of oe 5/6 OMNI u PE wae 018. De 1/2 clear cutting For logs with less pan one eat 15 percent 30 percent 50 percent Maximum defects sweep and crook : allowance For logs with more Ta neat 10 percent 20 percent 35 percent defects Maximum scaling deduction 40 percent® 50 percent® 50 percent
‘Ash and basswood butts can be 12 inches if they otherwise meet requirements for small #1’s. “Ten-inch logs of all species can be #2 if they otherwise meet requirements for small #1’s.
3A clear cutting is a portion of a face, extending the width of the face, that is free of defects.
4A face is one-fourth of the surface of the log as divided lengthwise.
SOtherwise #1 logs with 41-60 percent deductions can be #2.
°Otherwise #2 logs with 51-60 percent deductions can be #3.
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Forest Service standard specifications for hardwood construction logs (tie and timber logs)!
Butt and upper
8 inches +
8 feet
No requirements. One-fourth of the diameter at the small end for each 8 feet of length.
Position in tree
Min. diameter, small end Min. length, without trim Clear cuttings
Sweep allowance, absolute
Single knots Any number, if no one knot has an average diameter above the callus in excess of one-third of log diameter at point of occurrence. equi) Whorled knots Any number if sum of knot diameters above the callus does not exceed one- defects third of log diameters at point of occurrence. Holes Any number provided none has a diameter over one-third of log diameter at point of occurrence, and none extends over 3 inches into included timber.” Unsound surface defects Same requirements as for sound defects if they extend into included timber.? No limit if they do not. Sound No requirements. End Unsound None allowed; log must be sound internally, but will admit one shake defects not to exceed one-fourth of the scaling diameter and will admit a lon- gitudinal split not extending over 5 inches into the contained timber.
‘These specifications are minimum for the class. If, from a group of logs, factory logs are selected first, thus leaving only nonfactory logs from which to select construction logs, then the quality range of the construction logs so selected is limited, and the class may be considered a grade. If selection for construction logs is given first priority, then it may be necessary to subdivide the class into grades.
‘Included timber is always square, and dimension is judged from small end. ~
Softwood species were graded according to the fol- lowing specifications:
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LOG GRADES FOR SOFTWOOD LOGS Grade 1
1. Logs must be 16 inches or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with deduction for defect not over 30 percent of gross scale.
2. Logs must be at least 75 percent clear on each of three faces.
3. All knots outside clear cutting must be sound and not over 2'4 inches in diameter.
Grade 2
1. Logs must be 12 inches or larger, 10 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction for defect of at least 50 percent of the gross contents of the log.
2. Logs must be at least 50 percent clear on each of three faces or 75 percent clear on two faces.
Grade 3
1. Logs must be 6 inches or larger, 8 feet or longer, and with a net scale after deduction for defect of at least 50 percent of the gross contents of the log. Note: A) Diameters are diameter inside bark at small end of log. B) Percent clear refers to percent clear in one continuous section.
PRINCIPAL TREE AND SHRUB SPECIES GROUPS IN KANSAS?
Tree Species
SOFTWOODS Kastern redcedar ................006 Juniperus virginiana HARDWOODS | BEbbsLVoys) ety a trey Wee Rene Meee ey De Quercus macrocarpa Select white oaks Whiter Oalkei ch tia eit cs coe nee in eae Quercus alba Chinkapin'Oak::.4..0:283 Quercus muehlenbergii Other white oaks POSE Oa a 20a ee mice etin an ds Quercus stellata Select red oaks Northern redioak 2.6242 Quercus rubra Shurmardt@alk.c.ossccnuseccene Quercus shumardit Other red oaks Blackioak.. ives eee Quercus velutina Blackjack oak.2:...2275:2488 Quercus marilandica Pinvoakn cc. 2. severe eet ae Quercus palustris Shhingletoalk)sicisccseAus estes Quercus imbricaria Select hickory Shellbark hickory scicsccccccesasceseeess Carya laciniosa Mockernut hickory................006 Carya tomentosa
°The common and scientific names of tree species are based on: Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1979. The common and scientific names of shrubs are based on: Fernald, Mer- ritt L. 1950.
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Shagbark hickory pes see ee Carya ovata Other hickory
Bitternut hickory..................... Carya cordiformis
Blackthickoryeee ee Carya texana Pe Can eet RS sees Carya illinoensis Hard maple
Sugar maplevsn sets ee Acer saccharum Soft maple
Silver imapleytcn. eee Acer saccharinum Ash
Green’ ash. eee, Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Wihite ashi: isk cn cee Fraxinus americana Cottonwood
Eastern cottonwood ................. Populus deltoides Basswood
American basswood...........c0:0008 Tilia americana Elm
Americanrelme@s i ee Ulmus americana
Siberianveliniui eset Ulmus pumila
Slipperyae limite. ee Ulmus rubra Black walnuts....025 eee ee Juglans nigra Willow
Black willow scence eee Salix nigra Boxelders2) cece te eae Acer negundo Hackberry s3.8 Seer ee aes Celtis occidentalis SY CAMONe ts eer en sere ee Platanus occidentalis Other hardwoods
Black chertysis- scene Prunus serotina
Black locusti.2220- Robinia pseudoacacia
Honeylocust..)20..icc:sssesets- Gleditsia triacanthos
Kentucky coffeetree ........... Gymnocladus dioicus
Northern catalpazec sos Catalpa speciosa
Common persimmon........... Diospyros virginiana
Red mulberry/2...c8tt eee Morus rubra
River birch: sic wee eer eee eee Betula nigra
Sugarberryn iste Celtis laevigata Noncommercial species
Texas buckeye.......... Aesculus glabra var. arguta
Aalanthus 2.7 ee Ailanthus altissima
Eastern redbud ................000080 Cercis canadensis
Hawthornzes a eee Crataegus spp.
Osage-Orange.........cccccscceseeeseees Maclura pomifera
Eastern hophornbeanm ............. Ostrya virginiana
SHRUB SPECIES TALL SHRUBS
Roughleaf dogwood ................. Cornus drummondii Chokecherry)..c:si::.cce nes Prunus virginiana Wild) plumiascs eae cee ees Prunus spp. PaWPaWiescs Sak oe eee Asimina triloba Beaked hazeli.c.ae lee. cnecoen Corylus cornuta Pricklyvashnces sec Xanthoxylum americanum Wiburnumicreenc cre eee tee Viburnum spp. 1) Fo Cay asta eS ra a RE er Sambucus spp. SUTTIAC iets eee ee OL FER ote vee Rhus spp. Buttonbushiiiecvcccesee- Cephalanthus occidentalis
WahoOneece se ie tee, Euonymus atropurpureus NAVA Os optic es occe eee ence ane i SEER ye Salix spp. SASS ain Aas aes recta eos sastetoesecctce gece) Sassafras albidum LOW SHRUBS WineimiauCheepeIeeccsc:-ccee-s-ccceeaoe Parthenocissus spp. Gooseberry. Currant ;.ecsncssucceecesetse une: Ribes spp. Raspberky-Dlueberryicc..cectecececeneee-ccvesee ees Rubus spp. ROS Ceres ese, Seances Mees sahions Sena Rosa spp. American bladdernut................... Staphylea trifolia Bilberry-blackberry ...............::.:000++ Vaccinium spp. FONG Y SUCK Es Ae ea le ati Lonicera spp. Buck mus hee test ssetccsencereet Symphoricarpos spp. FAOISOMPIVS Ae caseenseccessas Sicedee ns lewscandereueks Rhus radicans EAT OYSENAD OS aaateenin ee Cee eRe ee Aristolochia tomentosa IMI OTISEEM Beiiececccecsescessesess Menispermum canadense Gre emo ibe tents tavcictec te eeccesevseces colstesessssnss Smilax spp. (CAREY CXS Siac o Nee cee CE aCe eC ae Vitis spp.
METRIC EQUIVALENTS OF UNITS USED IN THIS REPORT
1 acre = 4,046.86 square meters or 0.405 hectare.
1,000 acres = 405 hectares.
Breast height = 1.4 meters above the ground.
1 cubic foot = 0.0283 cubic meter.
1 foot = 30.48 centimeters or 0.3048 meter.
1 inch = 25.4 millimeters, 2.54 centimeters, or 0.0254 meter.
1 pound = 0.454 kilogram.
1 ton = 0.907 metric ton.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Acceptable trees.--Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species that meet specified standards of size and quality, but do not qualify as desirable trees.
Area-condition classes.--Class 10.--Areas fully stocked with desirable trees but not overstocked.
Class 20.--Areas fully stocked with desirable trees, but overstocked with all live trees.
Class 30.--Areas medium to fully stocked with de- sirable trees, and with less than 30 percent of the area controlled by other trees and/or inhibiting veg- etation or surface conditions that will prevent oc- cupancy by desirable trees.
Class 40.--Areas medium to fully stocked with de- sirable trees and with 30 percent or more of the area controlled by other trees and/or conditions that or- dinarily prevent occupancy by desirable trees.
Class 50.--Areas poorly stocked with desirable trees, but fully stocked with growing-stock trees.
Class 60.--Areas poorly stocked with desirable trees, but with medium to full stocking of growing- stock trees.
Class 70.--Areas poorly stocked with desirable trees, and poorly stocked with growing-stock trees.
Basal area.--The area in square feet of the cross sec- tion at breast height of a single tree. When the basal
areas of all trees in a stand are summed, the result is usually expressed as square feet of basal area per acre.
Biomass.--The aboveground volume of all live trees (including bark and foliage). Biomass is made up of 5 components:
Growing-stock bole.--Biomass of a growing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump to a 4-inch top.
Growing-stock tops and limbs.--Biomass of a grow- ing-stock tree from a 1-foot stump minus the grow- ing-stock bole.
Cull bole.--Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-foot stump to a variable 4-inch top.
Cull tops and limbs.--Biomass of a cull tree from a 1-inch stump minus the cull bole.
1- to 5-inch trees.--Biomass of all live trees 1 to 5 inches in diameter at breast height.
Commercial forest land.--Forest land producing or capable of producing crops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from timber utilization (Note: Areas qualifying as commercial forest land can produce more than 20 cubic feet per acre per year of annual growth under management. Currently inaccessible and inoperable areas are included, except when the areas involved are small and unlikely to become suitable for production of industrial wood in the foreseeable future.) Also see definition of pastured commercial forest land.
Commercial species.--Tree species presently or pro- spectively suitable for industrial wood products. (Note: Excludes species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality such as hophornbeam and hawthorn.)
County and municipal land.--Land owned by coun- ties and local public agencies or municipalities, or land leased to these governmental units for 50 years or more.
Cropland.--Land under cultivation within the past 24 months, including cropland harvested, crop failures, cultivated summer fallow, idle cropland used only for pasture, orchards, and land in soil improvement crops, but excluding land cultivated in developing improved pasture.
Cull.--Portions of a tree that are unusable for in- dustrial wood products, because of rot, form, or other defect.
Desirable trees.--Growing-stock trees having no se- rious defects in quality limiting present or prospec- tive use, and of relatively high vigor, and containing no pathogens that may result in death or serious deterioration before rotation age. These are trees that would be favored by forest managers in silvi- cultural operations.
Diameter classes.--A classification of trees based on diameter outside bark, measured at breast height (414 feet above the ground). (Note: d.b.h. is the com-
25
mon abbreviation for diameter at breast height. Two-inch diameter classes are commonly used in Forest Survey, with the even inch the approximate midpoint for a class. For example, the 6-inch class includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h. inclu- sive.)
Farm.--Any place from which $1,000 or more of ag- ricultural products were produced and sold during the year.
Farmer-owned land.--Land owned by operators of farms. (Note: Excludes land leased by farm opera- tors from nonfarm owners, such as railroad com- panies and States.)
Forest land.--Land at least 16.7 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not currently developed for nonforest use. (Note: Stocking is measured by comparison of basal area and/or number of trees, by age or size and spacing with specified standards.) The mini- mum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of tim- ber must have a crown width at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, or other bodies of water or clearings in forest areas shall be classed as forest if less than 120 feet wide. Also see definitions of land area, com- mercial forest land, noncommercial forest land, pro- ductive-reserved forest land, stocking, unproductive forest land, nonforest land, and water.
Forest industry land.--Land owned by companies or individuals operating primary wood-using plants. Forest trees.--Woody plants having a well-developed stem and usually more than 12 feet in height at
maturity.
Forest types.--A classification of forest land based upon the species forming a plurality of live tree stocking. Major forest types in Kansas are:
Eastern redcedar-hardwood.--Forests in which hardwoods comprise a plurality of the stocking but in which eastern redcedar comprises 25 percent or more of the stocking. Found on dry uplands, usually abandoned pastures or fields.
Oak-hickory.--Forests in which upland oaks (white, northern red, black) or hickory, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking, except for stands classed as eastern redcedar-hard- wood or as post-blackjack oak. Occurs on a variety of soils.
Post-blackjack oak.--Forests in which post oak or blackjack oak, singly or in combination, comprise a majority of the stocking. Occurs on dry uplands and ridges.
Upland plains hardwoods.--Forests in which black walnut, hackberry, and bur oak, singly or in com- bination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Com- monly found on slopes and uplands.
26
Elm-ash-cottonwood.--Lowland forest in which elm, ash, cottonwood, and willow, singly or in com- bination, comprise a plurality of the stocking, except for those in which cottonwood or willow comprise a majority of the stocking. Found on first or second bottoms of major streams.
Cottonwood.--Forests in which cottonwood com- prises a majority of the stocking.
Willow.--Forests in which willow comprises a ma- jority of the stocking.
Lowland plains hardwoods.--Forests in which black walnut, hackberry, bur oak, soft maple, and boxelder, singly or in combination, comprise a plu- rality of the stocking. Commonly found in coves and bottomlands.
Upland elm-ash-locust.--Upland forests in which elm, ash, and honeylocust, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Includes shel- terbelts and windbreaks on sites drier than those commonly associated with lowland species.
Gross area.--The entire area of land and water as determined by the Bureau of the Census, 1980.
Growing-stock trees.--Live trees of commercial spe- cies qualifying as desirable and acceptable trees. (Note: Excludes rough, rotten, and dead trees.)
Growing-stock volume.--Net volume in cubic feet of growing-stock trees 5 inches d.b.h. and over, from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4 inch top diameter outside bark of the central stem, or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs. Cubic feet can be converted to cords by dividing by 79 cubic feet per solid wood cord.
Hardwoods.--Dicotyledonous trees, usually broad- leaved and deciduous.
Idle farmland.--Includes former croplands, orchards, improved pastures, and farm sites not tended within the past 2 years and presently less than 16.7 percent stocked with trees.
Improved pasture.--Land currently improved for grazing by cultivation, seeding, irrigation, or clear- ing of trees or brush, and less than 16.7 percent stocked with live trees.
Indian land.--All lands held in trust by the United States for individual Indians or tribes, or all lands, titles to which are held by individual Indians or tribes, subject to Federal restrictions against alien- ation.
Industrial wood.--All roundwood products, except fuelwood.
Land area.--A. Bureau of the Census. The area of dry land and land temporarily or partly covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river flood plains (omitting tidal flats below mean high tide); streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than % of a statute mile wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 40 acres in area.
B. Forest Inventory and Analysis. The same as the Bureau of the Census, except minimum width of streams, etc. is 120 feet and minimum size of lakes, etc. is 1 acre.
Live trees.--Growing-stock, rough and rotten trees 1 inch d.b.h. and larger.
Log grades.--A classification of logs based on exter- nal characteristics as indicators of quality or value. (See Appendix for specific grading factors used.)
Logging residues.--The unused growing-stock por- tions of trees cut or killed by logging.
Maintained road.--Any road, hard-topped or other surface, that is plowed or graded at least once a year. Includes rights-of-way that are cut or treated to limit herbaceous growth.
Marsh.--Nonforest land that characteristically sup- ports low, generally herbaceous or shrubby vegeta- tion and that is intermittently covered with water.
Merchantable.--Refers to a pulpwood or saw log sec- tion that meets pulpwood or saw log specifications, respectively.
Miscellaneous federal land.--Federal land other than National Forest, primarily land administered by the Bureau of Land Management.
Miscellaneous private land.--Privately owned land other than forest industry and farmer-owned land.
Mortality.--The volume of sound wood in growing- stock and sawtimber trees that die annually.
National forest land.--Federal land that has been legally designated as National Forests or purchase units, and other land under the administration of the USDA Forest Service.
Net annual growth of growing-stock.--The an- nual change in volume of sound wood in live saw- timber and poletimber trees and the total volume of trees entering these classes through ingrowth, less volume losses resulting from natural causes.
Net annual growth of sawtimber.--The annual change in the volume of live sawtimber trees and the total volume of trees reaching sawtimber size, less volume losses resulting from natural causes.
Net volume.--Gross volume less deductions for rot, sweep, or other defect affecting use for timber prod- ucts.
Noncommercial forest land.--(a) Unproductive for- est land and (b) productive-reserved forest land. See definitions of unproductive and productive-reserved forest land.
Noncommercial species.--Tree species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality that nor- mally do not develop into trees suitable for indus- trial wood products.
Nonforest land.--Land that has never supported for- ests, and land formerly forested where use for timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes areas used for crops, improved
pasture, residential areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings, power- line clearings of any width, and 1- to 40-acre areas of water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 feet wide and more than 1 acre in size to qualify as nonforest land.)
a. Nonforest land without trees.--Nonforest land with no live trees present.
b. Nonforest land with trees.--Nonforest land with one or more trees at least 5 inches in d.b.h. per acre.
Nonstocked land.--Commercial forest land less than 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees.
Other removals.--Growing-stock trees removed but not utilized for products, or trees left standing but “removed” from the commercial forest land classi- fication by land use change. Examples are removals from cultural operations such as timber stand im- provement work, land clearing, and changes in land use.
Ownership.--Property owned by one owner, regard- less of the number of parcels in a specified area. Ownership size class.--The amount of commercial forest land owned by one owner, regardless of the
number of parcels.
Owner tenure.--The length of time a property has been held by the owner.
Pasture and range.--Land currently improved for grazing by cultivation, seeding, or irrigation plus land on which the natural plant cover is composed principally of native grasses, forbs, or shrubs val- uable for forage.
Pastured commercial forest land.--Commercial forest land for which the primary use is wood pro- duction, but presently used for grazing.
Physiographic class.--A measure of soil and water conditions that affect tree growth on a site. Phy- siographic classes used in Forest Inventory and Analysis inventories are:
Xeric sites.--Very dry droughty sites where exces- sive drainage seriously limits both growth and spe- cies occurrence. These sites are usually on upland and upper half slopes.
Xeromesic sites.--Moderately dry soils where ex- cessive drainage limits growth and species occur- rence to some extent. These sites are usually on the lower half slope.
Mesic sites.--Deep, well-drained soils. Growth and species occurrence are limited only by climate. These include all cove sites and bottomlands along intermittent streams.
Hydromesic sites.--Moderately wet soils where in- sufficient drainage or infrequent flooding limits growth and species occurrence to some extent.
2
These include first and second bottoms on all major creeks and rivers.
Hydric sites.--Very wet sites where excess water seriously limits both growth and species occurrence.
Plant byproducts.--Plant residues used for products such as mulch, pulp chips, and fuelwood.
Plant residues.--Wood and bark materials generated at manufacturing plants during production of other products.
Poletimber stands.--(See stand-size class.)
Poletimber trees.--Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species at least 5 inches in d.b.h., but smaller than sawtimber size.
Productive-reserved forest land.--Forest land suf- ficiently productive to qualify as commercial forest land, but withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, administrative regulation, designation, or exclusive use for Christmas-tree production, as in- dicated by annual shearing.
Rotten trees.--Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one 12-foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, be- cause they do not meet Regional specifications for freedom from defect primarily because of rot; that is, when more than 50 percent of the cull volume in a tree is rotten.
Rough trees.--(a) Live trees of commercial species that do not contain at least one merchantable 12- foot saw log or two saw logs 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, because they do not meet Regional specifications for freedom from defect primarily be- cause of roughness or poor form, and (b) all live trees of noncommercial species.
Roundwood products.--Logs, bolts, or other round sections (including chips from roundwood) cut from trees for industrial or consumer uses. (Note: In- cludes saw logs; veneer logs and bolts; cooperage logs and bolts; pulpwood; fuelwood; piling; poles; posts; hewn ties; mine timbers; and various other round; split; or hewn products.)
Salvable dead trees.--Standing or down dead trees that are considered merchantable by Regional stan- dards.
Saplings.--Live trees 1 inch to 5 inches in d.b.h.
Sapling-seedling stands.--(See stand-size class.)
Saw log.--A log meeting minimum standards of di- ameter, length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound and straight and with a minimum diameter outside bark (d.o.b.) for softwoods of 7 inches (9 inches for hardwoods) or other combina- tions of size and defect specified by Regional stan- dards.
Saw log portion.--That part of the bole of sawtimber trees between the stump and the saw log top.
Saw log top.--The point on the bole of sawtimber trees above which a saw log cannot be produced. The
28
minimum saw log top is 7 inches d.o.b. for softwoods and 9 inches d.o.b. for hardwoods.
Sawtimber stands.--(See stand-size class.)
Sawtimber trees.--Growing-stock trees of commer- cial species containing at least a 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguous saw logs 8 feet or longer, and meeting Regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwoods must be at least 9 inches in d.b.h. Hardwoods must be at least 11 inches in d.b.h.
Sawtimber volume.--Net volume of the saw log por- tion of live sawtimber in board feet, International Y%-inch rule, from stump to a minimum 7 inches top d.o.b. for softwoods and a minimum 9 inches top d.o.b. for hardwoods.
Seedlings.--Live trees less than 1 inch in d.b.h. that are expected to survive. Only softwood seedlings more than 6 inches tall and hardwood seedlings more than 1 foot tall are counted.
Short-log (rough tree).--Live trees of commercial species that contain one merchantable 8- to 11-foot saw log but not a 12-foot saw log or two noncontig- uous 8- to 11-foot saw logs, now or prospectively.
Shrub.--A woody, perennial plant differing from a perennial herb in its persistent and woody stem(s), and less definitely from a tree in its lower stature and/or the general absence of a well-defined main stem. For this report shrubs were separated some- what arbitrarily into tall and low shrubs as follows:
Tall shrubs.--Shrubs normally taller than 1.6 to 3.2 feet (0.5 to 1.0 meter).
Low shrubs.--Shrubs normally shorter than 1.6 to 3.2 feet (0.5 to 1.0 meter). (Woody perennial vines, such as grape, were included with low shrubs.)
Shrub biomass.--The total above-ground volume (in- cluding the bark) of selected shrubs and trees less than 1-inch d.b.h.
Site classes.--A classification of forest land in terms of inherent capacity to grow crops of industrial wood based on fully stocked natural stands.
Site index.--An expression of forest site quality based on the height of a free-growing dominant or codom- inant tree of a representative species in the forest type at age 50.
Softwoods.--Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, hav- ing needles or scale-like leaves.
Stand.--A growth of trees on a minimum of 1 acre of forest land stocked by forest trees of any size.
Stand-age class.--Age of the main stand. Main stand refers to trees of the dominant forest type and stand-size class.
Stand-area class.--The extent of a continuous for- ested area of the same forest type, stand-size class, and stand-density class.
Stand-size class.--A classification of forest land based on the size class of growing-stock trees on the area; that is, sawtimber, poletimber, or seedlings and
saplings.
a. Sawtimber stands.--Stands at least 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees, with half or more of total stocking in sawtimber or poletimber trees, and with sawtimber stocking at least equal to po- letimber stocking.
b. Poletimber stands.--Stands at least 16.7 per- cent stocked with growing-stock trees of which half or more of this stocking is in poletimber and/or saw- timber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceed- ing that of sawtimber.
c. Sapling-seedling stands.--Stands at least 16.7 percent stocked with growing-stock trees of which more than half of the stocking is saplings and/or seedlings.
d. Nonstocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of growing-stock trees is less than 16.7 percent.
State land.--Land owned by States, or land leased to these governmental units for 50 years or more.
Stocking.--The degree of occupancy of land by trees, measured by basal area and/or the number of trees in a stand by size or age and spacing, compared to the basal area and/or number of trees required to fully utilize the growth potential of the land; that is, the stocking standard.
A stocking percent of 100 indicates full utilization of the site and is equivalent to 80 square feet of basal area per acre in trees 5 inches d.b.h. and larger. In a stand of trees less than 5 inches d.b.h., a stocking percent of 100 would indicate that the present num- ber of trees is sufficient to produce 80 square feet of basal area per acre when the trees reach 5 inches d.b.h.
Stands are grouped into the following stocking classes:
Overstocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is 134.0 percent or more.
Fully stocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is from 101.0 to 133.9 percent.
Medium stocked stands.--Stands in which stock- ing of trees is from 61.0 to 100.9 percent.
Poorly stocked stands.--Stands in which stocking of trees is from 16.7 to 60.9 percent.
Nonstocked areas.--Commercial forest land on which stocking of trees is less than 16.7 percent.
Timber removals from growing stock.--The vol- ume of sound wood in growing-stock trees removed annually for forest products (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other re- movals.
Timber removals from sawtimber.--The net board-foot volume of live sawtimber trees removed for forest products annually (including roundwood products and logging residues) and for other re- movals.
Timber products output.--All timber products cut
from roundwood and byproducts of wood manufac- turing plants. Roundwood products include logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from growing- stock trees, cull trees, salvable dead trees, trees on nonforest land, noncommercial species, sapling-size trees, and limbwood. Byproducts from primary manufacturing plants include slabs, edging, trim- mings, miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer cores and clippings, and screenings of pulpmills that are used as pulpwood chips or other products.
Tree biomass.--The total aboveground volume (in- cluding the bark) of all trees 1 to 5 inches in d.b.h., and the total aboveground volume (including the bark) from a 1-foot stump for trees more than 5 inches in d.b.h.
Tree size class.--A classification of trees based on diameter at breast height, including sawtimber trees, poletimber trees, saplings, and seedlings.
Unproductive forest land.--Forest land incapable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre of annual growth , or of yielding crops of industrial wood under natural conditions because of adverse site conditions. (Note: Adverse conditions include shallow soils, dry cli- mate, poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, and rockiness. )
Upper stem portion.--That part of the bole of saw- timber trees above the saw log top to a minimum top diameter of 4 inches outside bark or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
Urban and other areas.--Areas within the legal boundaries of cities, and towns; suburban areas de- veloped for residential, industrial, or recreational purposes; schoolyards; cemeteries; roads, railroads, airports; beaches; powerlines; and other rights-of- way; or other nonforest land not included in any other specified land use class.
Water.--(a) Bureau of the Census. — Streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals more than one-eighth of a statute mile wide, and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds more than 40 acres in area.
(b) Noncensus.--The same as the Bureau of the Census, except minimum width of streams, etc. is 120 feet and minimum size of lakes, etc. is 1 acre.
Windbreak.--A group of trees less than 120 feet wide used for the protection of soil, cropfields, and build- ings in use.
Wooded pasture.--Improved pasture with more than 16.7 percent stocking in live trees, but less than 25 percent stocking in growing-stock trees. Area is cur- ‘rently improved for grazing or there is other evi- dence of grazing. (Nonforest land with trees).
Wooded strip.--An acre or more of natural contin- uous forest land that would otherwise meet survey standards for commercial forest land except that it is less than 120 feet wide. (Nonforest land with trees).
29
TABLES
TEXT TABLES
Table 1.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and physiographic class
Table 2.--Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber in 1965 and 1981 by Forest Survey Unit and change since 1965
Table 3.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hard- woods
Table 4.--Net volume of black walnut by land class and tree class
Table 5.--Estimation of potential net annual growth on commercial forest land
Table 6.--Biomass yields on commercial forest land by forest type and vegetation component
AREA
Table 7.--Area of land by land class, 1965 and 1981
Table 8.--Area of land by land class and Forest Survey Unit
Table 9.--Area of land and forest land by county
Table 10.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and Forest Survey Unit
Table 11.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and forest type
Table 12.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and site class
Table 13.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and ownership-size class
Table 14.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class, stand-size class, and Forest Survey Unit
Table 15.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and area-condition class
Table 16.--Area of commercial forest land by owner- ship class and stand-volume class
Table 17.--Area of commercial forest land by county and forest type
Table 18.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 19.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and Forest Survey Unit
Table 20.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class
Table 21.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and stocking percent
Table 22.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, site-index class, and Forest Survey Unit
Table 23.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and basal-area class
Table 24.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and distance to road
30
Table 25.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and distance to water
Table 26.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type and stand-area class
Table 27.--Area of commercial forest land by stocking class based on selected stand components
Table 28.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, physiographic class, and ownership class
Table 29.--Area of noncommercial forest land by own- ership class
Table 30.--Area of noncommercial forest land by forest type and Forest Survey Unit
Table 31.--Area of nonforest land with trees by land use, forest type and Forest Survey Unit
Table 32.--Area of nonforest land with trees by forest type and stand-size class
Table 33.--Area of windbreaks by forest type, stand- size class, and Forest Survey Unit
Table 34.--Area of wooded strips by forest type, stand- size class, and ownership class
Table 35.--Area of wooded strips by forest type and site-index class
Table 36.--Area of wooded strips by forest type, basal- area class, and Forest Survey Unit
Table 37.--Area of wooded strips by forest type and stand-age class
Table 38.--Area of wooded strips by forest type, phy- siographic class, and ownership class
Table 39.--Area of wooded strips in private ownership by ownership class, owner tenure, and ownership- size class
NUMBER OF TREES
Table 40.--Number of all live trees on commercial for- est land by species group and diameter class
Table 41.--Number of growing-stock trees on com- mercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 42.--Number of short-log trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
VOLUME
Table 43.--Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group, 1965 and 1981
Table 44.--Net volume of all live trees on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 45.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hard- woods
Table 46.--Net volume of growing-stock, sawtimber, short-log, and rough and rotten trees on commercial forest land by individual species
Table 47.--Net volume of noncommercial species (non- growing-stock volume) on commercial forest land by individual species
Table 48.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 49.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 50.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by county and species group
Table 51.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by county and species group
Table 52.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 53.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and diameter class
Table 54.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 55.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 56.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class
Table 57.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class
Table 58.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 59.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 60.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 61.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 62.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and butt log-grade class
Table 63.--Net volume of growing-stock trees by forest type and ground land use
Table 64.--Net volume of black walnut by land class and tree class
Table 65.--Net volume of growing-stock and short-log trees on commercial forest land and wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 66.--Net volume of sawtimber and short-log trees on commercial forest land and wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 67.--Net volume of short-log trees on commer- cial forest land by species group and diameter class (In thousand cubic feet)
Table 68.--Net volume of short-log trees on commer- cial forest land by species group and diameter class (In thousand board feet)
Table 69.--Net volume of all live trees on wooded strips by species group and diameter class
Table 70.--Net volume of sawtimber on wooded strips by species group and diameter class
Table 71.--Net volume of short-log trees on wooded strips by species group and diameter class
Table 72.--Net volume of growing stock on wooded strips by species group and forest type
Table 73.--Net volume of sawtimber on wooded strips by species group and forest type
GROWTH AND REMOVALS
Table 74.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and _ hard- woods, 1964 and 1980
Table 75.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 76.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and Forest Sur- vey Unit
Table 77.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and own- ership class
Table 78.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and ownership class
Table 79.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 80.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and forest type
Table 81. - Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 82.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by forest type and stand-age class
Table 83.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 84.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and basal-area class
Table 85.--Net annual growth of growing stock on wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 86.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 87.--Timber removals from growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit
Table 88.--Timber removals from sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and Forest Sur- vey Unit
Table 89.--Timber removals from growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species
31
group, 1964 and 1980
Table 90.--Timber removals from growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by item and species category
Table 91.--Net annual growth and removals of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group
Table 92.--Net annual growth and removals of saw- timber on commercial forest land by species group
Table 93.--Net annual growth and removals of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods
Table 94.--Net annual growth and removals of saw- timber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods
MORTALITY
Table 95.--Annual mortality of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, 1964 and 1980
Table 96.--Annual mortality of growing stock on com- mercial forest land by species group and cause
Table 97.--Annual mortality of sawtimber on com- mercial forest land by species group and cause
Table 98.--Annual mortality of growing stock and saw- timber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods
UTILIZATION
Table 99.--Output of timber products by product, soft- woods and hardwoods, and source of material
Table 100.--Output of roundwood products by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and source of material
Table 101.--Timber products from roundwood by spe- cies group and product
Table 102.--Volume of primary plant residue by type of use and kind of material
32
BIOMASS
Table 103.--All live shrub biomass yields on commer- cial forest land by shrub species group and forest type
Table 104.--All live tree biomass yields on commercial forest land by species group and forest type (pounds per acre)
Table 105.--All live tree biomass on commercial forest land by species group and forest type (green tons)
Table 106.--All live tree biomass weight by species group and tree biomass component (green tons)
Table 107.--All live tree biomass volume by species group and tree biomass component (thousand cubic feet)
PROJECTIONS
Table 108.--Removals, net annual growth, and inven- tory of growing stock on commercial forest land, 1981, and low removals option projections to 2011
Table 109.--Removals, net annual growth and inven- tory of growing stock on commercial forest land, 1981, and high removals option projections to 2011
SAMPLING ERRORS
Table 110.--Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the State totals of volume, net growth, removals and area of commercial forest land
Table 111.--Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit totals of volume, net growth, re- movals, and area of commercial forest land, North- eastern Survey Unit
Table 112.--Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit totals of volume, net growth, re- movals, and area of commercial forest land, South- eastern Survey Unit
Table 113.--Sampling errors for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit totals of volume, net growth, re- movals, and area of commercial forest land, Western Survey Unit
Table 7.--Area of land by land class, Kansas, 1965 and 1981
(In thousand acres)
Land class: 19652/ 1981
Forest land Commercial forest land
Eastern redcedar-hardwood 2.7 27.5 Oak-hickory 185.3 316.6 Post-blackjack oak 27.3 30.9 Upland plains hardwoods 113.1 49.4 Elm-ash-cottonwood 192.9 289.6 Cottonwood 65.0 68.1 Willow 8.7 4.2 Lowland plains hardwoods 220.7 265.9 Upland elm-ash-locust 228.6 110.3 Nonstocked 147.2 45.4 Subtotal 1,191.5 1,207.9 Noncommercial forest land
Unproductive 157.4 128.4 Producti ve-reserved 0.9 22.4 Subtotal 158.3 150.8
Total 1,349.8 1,358.7 Nonforest land 51,160.9 50,979.3 All land 52,510.7 52, 338.0
ei gures have been adjusted from those published after the 1965 survey to conform to 1981 areas because of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
Table 8.--Area of land by land class and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Land class units unit unit unit FOREST LAND Commercial forest land Unpastured commercial forest 825.1 401.4 284.5 139.2 Pastured commercial forestl/ 382.8 186.7 152.5 43.6 Subtotal 1,207.9 588.1 437.0 182.8 Noncommercial forest land Unproductive 128.4 21.0 97.0 10.4 Productive-reserved 22.4 15.1 263 5.0 Subtotal 150.8 36.1 99.3 15.4 Total 1,358.7 624.2 536.3 198.2 NONFOREST LAND Nonforest with trees Cropland 63.0 30.2 13.6 19/52 Improved pasture2/ 533.6 139.4 225.2 169.0 Wooded strips3/ 150.0 62.6 50.3 Sil Idle farmland 23.9 4.1 2.5 173 Marsh Zo 4.2 4.3 14.2 Windbreaks4/ 186.3 43.0 66.9 76.4 Wooded pasture2/ 209.8 60.5 95.2 54.1 Subtotal 1,189.3 344.0 458.0 387.3 Nonforest without trees Cropland 32,163.2 5,026.1 3,850.3 23,286.8 Improved pasture2/ 15,827.4 1,922.7 4,549.0 9,355.7 Idle farmland 7.5 2.9 4.6 0 Marsh 56.3 1e5 6.9 47.9 Other farm-farmstead 198.9 67.0 35.4 96.5 Urban and other 1,417.9 374.3 338.5 705.1 Noncensus water 118.8 32.2 34.3 52.3 Subtotal 49,790.0 7,426.7 8,819.0 33, 544.3 Total 50,979.3 7,770.7 9,277.0 33,931.6 TOTAL LAnD2/ 52, 338.0 8,394.9 9,813.3 34,129.8 WATER (BUREAU OF THE CENSUS )>/ 319.5 155.9 los 86.1 TOTAL LAND AND WATER! 92,657.5 8,550.8 9,890.8 34,215.9
Veorest land for which the primary use is wood production, but is used for grazing.
—"Includes areas classified as range by the USDA Soil Conservation Service.
—An acre or more of natural continuous forest land less than 120 feet wide that woullgvecherwise meet survey standards.
—A group of trees less than 120 feet wide used for the protection of soil, eneppy elds. and buildings in use.
—U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1980. State/county area measurement reports (unpublished).
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Table 14.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class, stand-size class, and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS Stand-size class All Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling and Nonstocked Ownership class stands stands stands seedling stands areas National Forest -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 36.6 1832 4.4 14.1 -- Indian 4.0 1.2 -- 2.8 -- State 7.5 3.6 2.5 -- 1.4 County and municipal 2.3 2.3 -- -- -- Farmer 749.5 357.0 139.7 224.1 28.7 Miscellaneous private 408.0 182.8 87.8 122.1 15.3 All owners 1,207.9 565.0 234.4 363.1 45.4 NORTHEASTERN UNIT National Forest -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 26.2 13.4 Ll 11.7 -- Indian 4.0 1.2 -- 2.8 -- State -- -- -- -- -- County and municipal iN 1.2 -- -- -- Farmer 338.7 146.3 62.0 116.3 14.1 Miscellaneous private 218.0 80.9 49.2 82.7 5.2 All owners 588.1 243.0 112.3 213.5 19.3 SOUTHEASTERN UNIT National Forest -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 8.3 4.7 a2 2.4 -- Indian -- -- -- -- -- State 5.0 3.6 -- -- 1.4 County and municipal 1.1 Tol -- -- -- Farmer 284.1 127.0 58.9 94.1 4.1 Miscellaneous private 138.5 56.0 36.5 35.9 10.1 All owners 437.0 192.4 96.6 132.4 15.6 WESTERN UNIT National Forest -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 2.1 -- 2.1 -- -- Indian -- -- -- -- -- State 2.5 -- 255 =< as County and municipal -- -- -- -- -- Farmer 126.7 83.7 18.8 13.7 10.5 Miscellaneous private 51.5 45.9 2.1 3.5 -- All owners 182.8 129.6 25.5 17.2 10.5
Table 15.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and area-condition class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Area-condition class
All 40 or
Ownership class classes 70 60 50 better National Forest -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 36.6 8.9 2353 4.4 -- Indian 4.0 4.0 -- -- -- State 739 1.5 5.0 1.0 -- County and municipal 223 -- 2.3 -- -- Farmer 749.5 360.9 335.0 53.6 -- Miscellaneous private 408.0 179.2 183.8 45.0 -- All owners 1,207.9 554.5 549.4 104.0 --
Table 16.--Area of commercial forest land by ownership class and stand-volume class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Stand-volume class (board feetl/ per acre)
All Less than 1,500 to
Ownership class classes 1,500 5, V0U 5, 000+ National Forest -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 36.6 15.8 12.4 8.4 Indian 4.0 2.8 1.2 -- State 7.5 4.0 -- 3.5 County and municipal 2.3 -- died 1.1 Farmer 749.5 401.6 274.5 73.4 Miscellaneous private 408.0 221.4 139.6 47.0
All owners 1,207.9 645.6 428.9 133.4
'/international 4-inch rule.
Non- stocked 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.9 (eke) 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0
Upland elm-ash- locust 2.4 1.5 1.4 Sei/ 5.3 4.3 6.6 3.4 5.6 4.7 5.9 Call: 3.8 6.0 4.8 3.8 a5
Lowland
plains 5.6 3.4 6.0 4.4 4.7 7.5 6.4 9.4 6.9 10.9 B33 Tel 9.1 ls3 6.1 st!
0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.6 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.4 2.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.9 iNesal 0.7 0.5 1.3
3.7 2.9 2.9 2.3 Sail 4.5 4.7 6.6 4.7 7.2 6.3 8.3 539 TBs 5.5 5.3 6.1
Forest type 4.4
Elm-ash- cottonwood Cottonwood Wiilow hardwoods
(In thousand acres) NORTHEASTERN UNIT
Upland
plains
hardwoods eal 0.8 0.8 0.6 Heb) 1.4 133 el Vel: 2.2 2. 8 0.6 15 1.9 1.6 1.0 1.4
Post- blackjack oak 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Oak-
hickor 9.1 8.2 3.4 3.8 9.7 10.7 8.6 15.0 8.5 13.5 UBC 15.8 3.3 9.9 12.7 9.9 Les 7.4
redcedar- hardwood 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.3 Lee 1.5 0.4 LZ. 1.6 1.5 0.6 0.6
Table 17.--Area of commercial forest land by county and forest type, Kansas, 1981 Eastern
23.8 18.7 15.3 13.5 28.7 28.1 25.7 26.0 43.3 29.7 46.3 16.3 31.2 40.9 32.2 25.6 29.3
All types
jami
Pottawatomie
Atchison Brown Clay Dickinson Doniphan Douglas Franklin Geary Jackson Jefferson Johnson Leavenworth Marshall Nemaha Osage Riley Shawnee Wabaunsee
Count M
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Washington Wyandotte
19.3 0.4 0.7 0.7
82.1 0.5 0.9 2.0
130.4 3.3 Sek 5.6
4.2
0.2 0.4
14.6
110.9 2.9 4.0 5.6 8.1
26.8 SOUTHEASTERN UNIT 0.6 0.8 1.3 12 0.5 Sarl!
1.2 0.2 0.7 3.8 0.2 0.1
182.7 1.8 3.8
14.9
1559 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.1
588.1 10.0 15.6 35.1
All counties
Allen Anderson Bourbon Butler Chase
ot
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24.3
0.7 (Table 17 continued on next page)
6.2 3.7 187 8.2 5.9 4.4 7.4 2.5 4.3 1.9 4.8 2.4 2.3 4.0 1.9
0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 4.9
2.8 Li2 6.2 2.4 8.7 6.0 Tee 7.2 4.0 7.8 3.4 2.6 3.9 19 3.8 4.7 Srerk 107.5
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1.6 14.7 5.6 2.9 4.8 5.2 7.8 4.4 4.7 19.8 2.2 15:5 8.9 1.6 Sis 9.6 3.5 126.1
0.1 2.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 1.6 0.4 0.2 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.2 11.6
9.9 48.5 22.0 10.0 25.3 21.8 27.7 25.2 16.0 48.7 Lee 7.4 22.9 6.9 13.8 25.2 12.6
437.0
All counties
Greenwood Labette Linn
Lyon Marion Neosho Wilson
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43
Table 19.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS Stand-size class All Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling and Nonstocked Forest type Stands stands stands __seediing stands areas Eastern redcedar-hardwood 275 Qe 2.8 22.0 -- Oak-hickory 316.6 141.9 84.0 90.7 -- Post-blackjack oak 30.9 8.5 17.6 4.8 -- Upland plains hardwoods 49.4 18.7 16.8 13.9 -- Elm-ash-cottonwood 289.6 145.1 47.0 97.5 -- Cottonwood 68.1 59.6 4.9 3.6 -- Willow 4.2 1.0 0.8 2.4 -- Lowland plains hardwoods 265.9 170.7 46.7 48.5 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 110.3 16.8 13.8 79.7 -- Nonstocked 45.4 -- -- -- 45.4 All _types 1,207.9 565.0 234.4 363.1 45.4 NORTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 15.9 1.4 1.6 2% -- Oak-hickory 182.7 74.5 49.9 58.3 -- Post-blackjack oak 1.2 Nee -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 26.8 13.1 8.6 Rigi -- Elm-ash-cott onwood 110.9 46.4 13.9 50.6 -- Cottonwood 14.6 12 Leal 2.3 -- Willow 4.2 1.0 0.8 2.4 -- Lowland plains hardwoods 130.4 78.6 27.2 24.6 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 82.1 15.6 9.2 57.3 -- Nonstocked 19.3 -- -- -- 19.3 IRV Cy pesin oe Ee OBL at gOS Os at 2 ete STE eg nO a chee a SOUTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 11.6 1.3 Le2 9.1 -- Oak-hickory 126.1 59.6 34.1 32.4 -- Post-blackjack oak 29.7 73 17.6 4.8 -- Upland plains hardwoods 22.6 5.6 8.2 8.8 -- Elm-ash-cott onwood 107.5 52.3 17.0 38.2 -- Cottonwood 4.9 23 es) 123 -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 94.7 62.8 14.7 17.2 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 24.3 Lz 2.5 20.6 -- Nonstocked 15.6 -- -- -- 15.6 All_types 437.0 192.4 96.6 132.4 15.6 WESTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood -- -- -- -- -- Oak-hickory 7.8 7.8 -- -- -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- Elm-ash-cottonwood P12 46.4 16.1 8.7 -- Cottonwood 48.6 46.1 29 -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 40.8 29.3 4.8 6.7 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 3.9 -- Ze 1.8 -- Nonstocked 10.5 -- -- -- 10.5 All types 182.8 129.6 25.5 Le 10.5
Table 20.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and site class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Forest type and All Site class (cubic feet of growth/acre/year ) stand-size class classes 120+ 85-119 50-84 20-49 Eastern redcedar-hardwood
Sawtimber 2.7 -- -- -- esi) Poletimber 2.8 -- -- 1.2 1.6 Sapling & seedling 22.0 -- -- 3.4 18.6 All stands 27.5 -- -- 4.6 22.9 Oak-hickory Sawtimber 141.9 -- 21.2 72.7 48.0 Poletimber 84.0 -- 11.7 36.8 35.5 Sapling & seedling 90.7 -- 7.4 34.5 48.8 All stands 316.6 -- 40.3 144.0 132.3 Post-blackjack oak Sawtimber 8.5 -- -- 1.2 7.3 Poletimber 17.6 -- -- 3.5 14.1 Sapling & seedling 4.8 -- -- -- 4.8 All stands 30.9 -- -- 4.7 26.2 Upland plains hardwoods Sawt imber 18.7 -- 3.0 9.3 6.4 Poletimber 16.8 -- 4.0 7.2 5.6 Sapling & seedling 13.9 -- Ls 2.3 10.4 All stands 49.4 -- 8.2 18.8 22.4 Elm-ash-cottonwood Sawtimber 145.1 -- 27.6 65.0 52.5 Poletimber 47.0 -- 8.9 17.8 20.3 Sapling & seedling 97.5 -- 9.9 26.4 61.2 All stands 289.6 -- 46.4 109.2 134.0 Cottonwood Sawtimber 59.6 -- 4.8 21.9 32.9 Poletimber 4.9 -- -- -- 4.9 Sapling & seedling 3.6 -- -- -- 3.6 All stands 68.1 -- 4.8 21.9 41.4 Willow Sawtimber 1.0 -- -- 1.0 -- Poletimber 0.8 -- -- 0.8 -- Sapling & seedling 2.4 -- -- 1.2 1.2 All stands 4.2 -- -- 3.0 1.2 Lowland plains hardwoods Sawtimber 170.7 2.1 35.5 100.7 32.4 Poletimber 46.7 -- 8.6 23.3 14.8 Sapling & seedling 48.5 -- 10.5 24.9 13.1 All stands 265.9 ail: 54.6 148.9 60.3 Upland elm-ash-locust Sawtimber 16.8 -- 2a! 3.4 PS3 Poletimber 13.8 -- -- 2.3 11.5 Sapling & seedling 79.7 -- -- 13.0 66.7 All stands 110.3 -- Zell 18.7 89.5 Nonstocked 45.4 -- 2.5 11.7 31.2 All types Sawtimber 565.0 2.1 94.2 275.2 193.5 Poletimber 234.4 -- 33.2 92.9 108.3 Sapling & seedling 363.1 -- 29.0 105.7 228.4 Nonstocked 45.4 -- 2.5 11.7 31.2 All_ stands 1,207.9 2a 158.9 485.5 561.4
Table 21.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, stand-size class, and stocking percent, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
eee
Stocking percent of growing-stock trees
Forest type and All Less than Eastern redcedar-hardwood Sawtimber 2./ -- -- Ql, -- -- Poletimber 2.8 -- 1.6 a2 -- -- Sapling & seedling 22.0 -- 14.4 6.4 1.2 -- All stands UGS -- 16.0 10R3 Lae -- Oak-hickory Sawtimber 141.9 -- 48.4 WSC 16.3 -- Poletimber 84.0 -- 20.6 49.4 14.0 -- Sapling & seedling 90.7 -- 40.1 42.5 8.1 -- All stands 316.6 -- 109.1 169.1 38.4 -- Post-blackjack oak Sawtimber 8.5 -- 255 6.0 -- -- Poletimber 17.6 -- 2.5 12.8 2.3 -- Sapling & seedling 4.8 -- 3.6 -- M62 -- All stands 30.9 -- 8.6 18.8 305 -- Upland plains hardwoods Sawtimber 18.7 -- 11.0 lel -- -- Poletimber 16.8 -- is} 55 -- -- Sapling & seedling 13.9 -- 6.5 7.4 -- -- All stands 49.4 -- 28.8 20.6 -- -- E1lm-ash-cottonwood Sawtimber 145.1 -- 62.8 67.4 14.9 -- Poletimber 47.0 -- 26.2 20.8 -- -- Sapling & seedling 97.5 -- 59.9 35.1 2.5 -- All stands 289.6 -- 148.9 1238300 17.4 -- Cottonwood Sawtimber 59.6 -- 19.4 23.9 16.3 -- Poletimber 4.9 -- 1.3 3.6 -- -- Sapling & seedling 3.6 -- 13 Le2 Lisi -- All stands 68.1 -- 22.0 28.7 17.4 -- Willow Sawtimber 1.0 -- 1.0 -- -- -- Poletimber 0.8 -- 0.8 -- -- -- Sapling & seedling 2.4 -- 572 -- AZ -- All. stands 4.2 -- 3.0 -- 1.2 -- Lowland plains hardwoods Sawtimber 170.7 -- 64.9 92.3 1385 -- Poletimber 46.7 -- 217 25.0 -- -- Sapling & seedling 48.5 -- 27.0 ANG) -- -- All stands 265.9 -- 113.6 138.8 LSIS5 -- Upland elm-ash-locust Sawtimber 16.8 -- LES3 4.5 1.0 -- Poletimber 13.8 -- OF 4.7 -- -- Sapling & seedling 79.7 -- 52.9 25.4 1.4 -- Aisa na SS ae Oke can a ee Nonstocked 45.4 45.4 -- -- -- -- All types Sawtimber 565.0 -- 221.3 281.7 62.0 -- Poletimber 234.4 -- 95.1 123.0 16.3 -- Sapling & seedling 363.1 -- 206.9 139.5 16.7 -- Nonstocked 45.4 45.4 -- -- -- --
All_stands 1,207.9 45.4 523.3 944.2 - 95.0 --
Table 22.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, site-index class, and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS All Site-index class (feet)
Forest type classes 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91+ Eastern redcedar-hardwood 27:35 1.9 10.0 6.0 4.9 4.7 -- a Ee Oak-hickory 316.6 -- 20.4 58.6 109.4 63.1 45.5 12.9 6.7 Post-blackjack oak 30.9 -- 8.3 11.9 8.3 Liei2 1.12 -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 49.4 -- 2 ae 19.0 11.6 8.4 5.8 1.2 Elm-ash-cottonwood 289.6 -- 3.5 22.1 60.4 90.2 67.1 36.4 9.9 Cottonwood 68.1 -- -- 9.3 13.8 25.0 15.1 Sil) eZ Willow 4.2 -- -- 1.2 -- 1.0 2.0 -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 265.9 -- 7.6 12.4 40.4 94.8 70.8 35.7 4.2 Upland elm-ash-locust 110.3 -- 8.2 28.9 37.5 20.7 12.9 (Desai -- Nonstocked IE SGI Pe Ue IE et A 0 2 SS SC
All_types 1,207.9 1.9 63.1 163.9 303.5 26.6 226.6 99.1 ese
NORTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 15.9 1.9 7.2 Sie 2.7 1.0 -- -- -- Oak-hickory 182.7 -- 7.0 41.2 63.0 30.8 29.0 7.9 368 Post-blackjack oak 132 -- Ne2 -- -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 26.8 -- -- 0.6 14.1 4.6 5.0 235 -- E1lm-ash-cott onwood 110.9 -- 3.5 18.4 23.5 18.4 28.7 15.6 2.8 Cottonwood 14.6 -- -- 2 252 3.9 2.4 347 eZ Willow 4.2 -- -- Mei2 -- 1.0 2.0 -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 130.4 -- 4.1 5.8 23.2 39.3 39.0 17.0 2.0 Upland elm-ash-locust 82.1 -- 7.0 26.0 23.2 13.4 10.4 251 -- Nonstocked Miele oekueanibas cuanlnn seed We OSB A Ne O Nae A eG Tea ies he Se 11_types 588.1 1.9 32.4 106.3 153.9 1730 118.0 48.8 9.8 SOUTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 11.6 -- 2.8 2.9 BAA 3.7 -- -- -- Oak-hickory 126.1 -- 13.4 17.4 42.5 28.4 16.5 5.0 2.9 Post-blackjack oak 29.7 -- 7.1 11.9 8.3 1.2 le2 -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 22.6 -- 1.2 1.6 4.9 7.0 3.4 3.3 1.2 Elm-ash-cottonwood 107.5 -- -- 3.7 19.4 40.3 21.5 T5355 feel Cottonwood 4.9 -- -- a3 -- 2.6 1.0 -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 94.7 -- -- 3.9 10.7 43.1 21.4 13.4 (4a Upland elm-ash-locust 24.3 -- Wee 2.9 10.4 lied 255 -- -- Nonstocked 15.6 -- 1.5 25 4.1 5.0 -- 209 -- 11_types 437.0 -- Clee. 48.1 102.5 38.6 67.5 39.7 13.4 WESTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Oak-hickory 7.8 -- -- -- 3.9 3.9 -- -- -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods -- -- ae = ee <= ae a 2s Elm-ash-cott onwood 71.2 -- -- -- 17.5 31.5 16.9 5.3 -- Cottonwood 48.6 -- -- 6.8 11.6 18.5 11.7 -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 40.8 -- 3.5 2.7 6.5 12.4 10.4 513. -- Upland elm-ash-locust 3.9 -- -- -- 3.9 -- -- -- -- Nonstocked 10.5 -- -- -- Sef 4.7 Zed -- -- All_types 182.8 -- 3:5 9.5 47.1 71.0 41.1 10.6 --
47
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49
Table 27.--Area of commercial forest land by stocking class based on selected stand components, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
All Stocking classified in terms of
Stocking live Growing-stock Desirable Acceptable Rough and percentage trees trees trees trees rotten trees 0-10 (ASi/ 19.5 1,163.2 19.5 175.3 11-20 235 43.9 36.2 46.1 2713 21-30 12.4 71.8 5.0 79.9 281.0 31-40 22.1 143.6 2.2 148.4 Qliteil 41-50 51.5 134.9 -- 144.3 133755 51-60 81.8 155i 1 es 155.6 61.8 61-70 95.6 166.7 -- 176.1 43.7 71-80 119.0 156.0 -- 150.2 20.3 81-90 176.5 129.9 -- 124.2 eo) 91-100 187.4 91.5 -- 87/55 We?2 101-110 154.8 527 -- 38.6 -- 111-120 149.3 25.8 -- 23.1 -- 121-130 82.4 16.7 -- 14.4 -- 131-140 48.6 -- -- -- -- 141-150 19.5 -- -- -- -- 151-160 1.8 -- -- -- -- 161+ -- -- -- -- --
Total 1,207.9 L20U59 1,207.9 1,207.9 1,207.9
Table 28.--Area of commercial forest land by forest type, physiographic class, and ownership class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Ownership class Forest type and All National Misc. County and Misc.
physiographic class classes Forest federal Indian State _ municipal Farmer private Eastern redcedar-hardwood Hydric == -- -- == om -- -- -- Hydromesic == ~< = = 2 = a aoa Mesic 2.4 -- -- -- -- -- 2.4 -- Xeromesic 25.1 -- 1.6 -- -- -- 16.3 Tee Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All classes 2lisd -- 1.6 -- -- -- 18.7 hee Oak-hickory Hydric 2 2 Hydromesic 7 4 Mesic 132.7 -- 0.9 1.2 2.6 -- 76 Xeromesic 155.5 -- 5.9 -- -- -- 88. Xeric 18.2 -- -- -- -- -- 12 4
All classes 316.6 -- 6.8 IAA 2.6 -- 184.
Post-blackjack oak Hydric - Hydromesic 1 Mesic 9 Xeromesic 17 Xeric 2
0
All classes 3
Upland plains hardwoods Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hydromesic a -- a= _ = -- ao so Mesic 1 Xeromesic 46 Xeric 1 All classes 49 E1lm-ash-cottonwood Hydric 9.0 -- -- -- -- -- Za3 6.7 Hydromesic 77.1 -- 303 - 1.0 -- 49.6 AIA Mesic 203.5 -- 5.3 De Xeromesic -- -- - Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
All classes 289.6 -- 8.6 1.6 1.0 ee 182.2 95.0
Cottonwood Hydric Hydromesic 2 Mesic 2 Xeromesic Xeric
9 2 9 -- -- -- -- -- 1 9 2 All classes 68.1
Ee 3.0 -- 2.9 -- 3 27.4
6
6
a 54 = ee os 4 7
5
(Table 28 continued on next page)
52
(Table 28 continued)
Ownership class
Forest type and All National Misc. County and Misc. physiographic class classes Forest _ federal Indian State municipal Farmer private Willow Hydric aad oS oF == am Ts oe == Hydromesic 3.4 -- -- -- -- -- 1.0 2.4 Mesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Xeromesic 0.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.8 Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All_classes 4.2 -- -- -- -- -- 1.0 3.2 Lowland plains hardwoods Hydric 2.5 -- -- -- -- -- 2.5 -- Hydromesic 5243 -- 2.7 -- -- -- 31.6 18.0 Mesic 211.1 -- 4.4 -- -- -- 152.5 54.2 Xeromesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All_ classes 265.9 -- 7.1 -- -- -- 186.6 72.2 Upland elm-ash-locust Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hydromesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Mesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Xeromesic 100.5 -- 5.8 1.2 -- -- 54.7 38.8 Xeric 9.8 -- -- -- -- -- 8.8 1.0 All_ classes 110.3 -- 5.8 1.2 -- -- 63.5 39.8 Nonstocked Hydric oe -- -- -- 1.4 -- -- Toll Hydromesic 3.0 -- -- -- -- -- 3.0 -- Mesic 11.5 -- -- -- -- -- deal 3.8 Xeromesic 19.7 -- -- -- -- -- 15.8 350) Xeric 2.1 -- -- -- -- -- Zul -- All_ classes 45.4 -- -- -- 1.4 -- 28.6 15.4 All types Hydric 27.1 -- -- -- 1.4 -- 7.4 18.3 Hydromesic 164.8 -- 9.0 -- 3.5 -- 97.5 54.8 Mesic 602.1 -- 10.6 2.8 2.6 ibaZ2 395.6 189.3 Xeromesic 372.6 -- 17.0 1.2 -- ASL 215.7 137.6 Xeric 41.3 -- -- -- -- -- 33.3 8.0 All classes 1,207.9 -- 36.6 4.0 7.5 23 749.5 408.0
Table 29.--Area of noncommercial forest land by ownership class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Productive-
Ownership class Total Unproductive reserved National Forest -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 13.8 -- 13.8 Indian -- -- -- State 2.8 -- 2.8 County and municipal 4.8 -- 4.8 Farmer 89.1 89.1 -- Miscellaneous private 40.3 39.3 1.0
All owners 150.8 128.4 22.4
Table 30.--Area of noncommercial forest land by forest type and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS Producti ve- Forest type Total Unproductive reserved Eastern redcedar-hardwood 24.6 17.1 7.5 Oak-hickory 23.1 13.2 9.9 Post-blackjack oak 76.0 76.0 -- Upland plains hardwoods 8.8 8.8 -- E1lm-ash-cottonwood 7.8 5.3 2.5 Cottonwood 2.5 -- 2.5 Willow -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 1.0 1.0 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 6.0 6.0 -- Nonstocked 1.0 1.0 -- All _types 150.8 128.4 22.4 NORTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 19.0 11.5 7.5 Oak-hickory 7.6 -- 7.6 Post-blackjack oak 2.4 2.4 -- Upland plains hardwoods 2.3 2.3 -- Elm-ash-cott onwood -- -- -- Cottonwood -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods -- -- -- Upland elm-ash-locust 3.8 3.8 -- Nonstocked 1.0 1.0 -- All_types 36.1 21.0 15.1 SOUTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 2.4 2.4 -- Oak-hickory 12.0 9.7 2.3 Post-blackjack oak 73.6 73.6 -- Upland plains hardwoods 6.5 6.5 -- E1lm-ash-cottonwood 1.6 1.6 -- Cottonwood -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 1.0 1.0 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 2.2 2.2 -- Nonstocked -- -- -- All_types 99.3 97.0 253% WESTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 3.2 3.2 -- Oak-hickory 3.5 3.5 -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods -- -- -- Elm-ash-cottonwood 6.2 3 2.5 Cottonwood 25 -- (ar) Willow -- -- --
Lowland plains hardwoods -- == Bs Upiand elm-ash-locust -- a =e Nonstocked -- me ae
All types 15.4 10.4 5.0
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54
Table 32.--Area of nonforest land with trees by forest type and stand-size class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Stand-size class
All Sawt imber Poletimber Sapling and Nonstocked Forest type stands stands stands seedling stands areas Eastern redcedar-hardwood 54.8 -- 16.8 38.0 -- Oak-hickory 47.4 14.5 14.7 18.2 -- Post-blackjack oak 14.4 13 6.2 6.9 -- Upland plains hardwoods 34.8 8.8 11.0 15.0 -- E1lm-ash-cottonwood 33253 51.8 144.3 136.2 -- Cottonwood 33.4 23.8 9.6 -- = Willow 3.4 -- 2.4 1.0 -- Lowland plains hardwoods 88.6 18.7 40.4 29.5 -- Upland elm-ash-locust 336.1 24.6 157.4 154.1. -- Nonstocked 244.1 -- -- -- 244.1 All_types 1,189.3 143.5 402.8 398.9 244.1
55
Table 33.--Area of windbreaks by forest type, stand-size class, and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS Stand-size class All Sawt imber Poletimber Sapling and Nonstocked Forest type stands stands stands seedling stands areas Eastern redcedar-hardwood 9.8 -- 6.9 2.9 -- Oak-hickory 1.4 -- 1.4 -- on Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- = oS Upland plains hardwoods 4.3 1.6 Cail -- = Elm-ash-cottonwood 48.8 353 39.1 6.4 -- Cottonwood 382 -- S74 -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- = Lowland plains hardwoods 1.4 -- 1.4 -- -- Upland elm-ash-locust 117.4 11.4 87.0 19.0 -- Nonstocked -- -- -- -- -- ANN types 2 Nee BOSS Aa OS peek re PRLS NST ata 2 URSA OS ee NORTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 259 -- -- 2.9 -- Oak-hickory 1.4 -- 1.4 -- -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 3.0 1.6 1.4 -- -- Elm-ash-cottonwood 6.0 -- 4.5 15 -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 1.4 -- 1.4 -- -- Upland elm-ash-locust 28.3 2.8 19.8 RS // -- Nonstocked -- -- -- -- -- All_types 43.0 4.4 28.5 10.1 -- SOUTHEASTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood -- -- -- -- -- Oak-hickory -- -- -- -- -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 1.3 -- 13 -- -- E1lm-ash-cottonwood 5.9 -- 4.2 SZ -- Cottonwood -- -- -- -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- Upland elm-ash-locust 59.7 13 48.3 10.1 -- Nonstocked -- -- -- -- -- AMM types’ 2s ok soe 5k Sk MOO SOLE ie aa SU ae 0 9 ol inet RL On WESTERN UNIT Eastern redcedar-hardwood 6.9 -- 6.9 -- -- Oak-hickory -- -- -- -- -- Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- Elm-ash-cottonwood 36.9 333 30.4 32 -- Cottonwood 3.2 -- Sad -- -- Willow -- -- -- -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods -- -- -- -- -- Upland elm-ash-locust 29.4 Tei3 18.9 3.2 -- Nonstocked -- -- -- -- --
All_types 76.4 10.6 59.4 6.4 --
Table 34.--Area of wooded strips by forest type, stand-size class, and ownership class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
Ownership class Forest type and All National Misc. County and Misc.
stand-size class classes Forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer rivate Eastern redcedar-hardwood Sawtimber - Poletimber 3 Sapling & seedling 1 All. stands 5 Oak-hickory Sawtimber -- -- == oh a ae a at Poletimber 2.4 2.4 Sapling & seedling el aP Aral See we pt el ll ata nea A All stands 5.1 -- -- -- -- -- Sil -- Post-blackjack oak Sawtimber -- -- -- BC ae me Mes il Poletimber -- -- = a4 Be be pis aL Sapling & seedling -- -- -- -- == =s we Bye All stands -- -- == to Ee es ae Inet Upland plains hardwoods Sawtimber -- -- == ae ai pt ae te Poletimber 2.8 -- -- -- -- cc 2.8 -- Sapling, & seedling NS SSO a eth UN eR Atl UA Na LO PO All stands 6.4 -- -- -- -- -- 4.8 1.6 Elm-ash-cottonwood Sawtimber 4. Poletimber 24. Sapling & seedling 23 All. stands 51. Cottonwood Sawtimber 2.5 Poletimber 2.6 -- -- -- -- — ait 2.6 Sapling & seedling -- -- -- -- -- — ee ie All stands 5.1 -- -- -- -- -- 2.5 2.6
Willow Sawtimber -- -- we ae oe ie ae a Poletimber 1.0 1.0 pablingaceseediing cs SLO Di PSTN ct Rd CO
All stands 2.0 -- -- -- -- -- 2.0 Be
Lowland plains hardwoods Sawtimber 6.8 3 Poletimber 13.5 -- -- -- -- -- 12 Sapling & seedling 14.9 13
All_stands 35.2 9
Upland elm-ash-locust
Sawtimber 1
Poletimber 8 Sapling & seedling 10
All stands 19 Nonstocked 19 All types
Sawtimber 15.3 -- 1.3
Poletimber 57.9 == 3.3 -- -- --
Sapling & seedling 57.6 -- 1.2
Nonstocked 19.2 -- -- -- -- --
All stands 150.0 -- 5.8 -- -- -- 1
Table 35.--Area of wooded strips by forest type and site-index class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ANTE", RS SR ae oe ek. SI CenIndex cl assa(feet,) cain Pama ee Lee Forest type classes 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91+ Eastern redcedar-hardwood 53 -- -- 1.9 3.4 -- ma as ae Oak-hickory Sail -- -- 2.4 -- si) oo = = Post-blackjack oak -- -- -- == a5 = == = mf Upland plains hardwoods 6.4 -- -- 555 -- -- 0. = = Elm-ash-cottonwood 51.8 -- 12 19.2 9.9 15.3 15 4.7 -- Cottonwood 5yo1 -- -- Zed 2.6 a2 = ae a Willow 2.0 -- -- SO -- -- -- 1.0 = Lowland plains hardwoods 35.2 -- -- 20.5 4.7 lise 1.4 1.4 — Upland elm-ash-locust 19.9 -- -- 9.6 6.6 Sa7/ -- == = Nonstocked eA ee, 1S Mee che NNO ae eg eo ae rel Oe All types 150.0 -- 12 73.0 31.9 32.0 4.8 US --
58
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60
Table 38.--Area of wooded strips by forest type, physiographic class, and ownership class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
. Ownership class Forest type and All National Misc. County and Misc.
hysiographic class classes Forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer rivate Eastern redcedar-hardwood Hydric oS == — me Sim ra a == Hydromesic cr oD oe =o == oS == om Mesic -- -- -- -- -- = == a Xeromesic BGS) -- -- -- -- -- 5.3 as Xeric -- = ae c= ae as ae abi All classes 5.3 -- -- -- -- -- 5.3 3 Oak-hickory Hydric -- -- -- -- SS — ans ae Hydromesic 1.5 -- -- -- -- -- 1.5 or Mesic 3.6 -- -- -- -- -- 3.6 ae Xeromesic -- -- = ar an capt a ~ Xeric -- -- == 5 == ae sles a All_classes 9.1 -- -- -- -- -- 5.1 — Post-blackjack oak Hydric -- -- -- = ae ees mye bi Hydromesic -- -- e Sc — aa — eee Mesic -- -- -- ao Ss a oe as Xeromesic -- -- -- oe a a be nee Xeric om zs oe 2s Ss ze == re All classes -- -- or a ohm ee ae a
Upland plains hardwoods
Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hydromesic -- -- me = wa Be ee ate Mesic 1.4 -- -- -- -- -- 1.4 ae Xeromesic 5.0 -- -- -- -- -- 3.4 1.6 Xeric = ae ae oe ihe ccf Be ==
All classes 6.4 -- -- -- -- -- 4.8 1.6
Elm-ash-cottonwood
Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- == Hydromesic 12.9 -- 33 -- -- -- 5.0 4.6 Mesic 38.9 -- 1.3 -- -- -- 33.5 4.1 Xeromesic -- -- ps ao = Se aa ne Xeric -- -- a == oes we oe ales
All classes 51.8 -- 4.6 -- -- -- 38.5 8.7
Cottonwood
Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- = Hydromesic 2.6 -- -- -- ies ae aul 2.6 Mesic -- -- as oa ae ae aS oe Xeromesic 2.5 -- -- -- -- -- 2.5 se Xeric -- -- aes = es ae a 22
All classes iil -- -- -- -- -- 2.5 2.6
(Table 38 continued on next page)
(Table 38 continued)
Ownership class Forest type and All National Misc. County and Misc. physiographic class classes Forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer private Willow Hydric a Os 2S oS ae == a = Hydromesic 1 Mesic 1 Xeromesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
All_classes 2.0 == -- -- =< -- 2.0 --
Lowland plains hardwoods Hydric Hydromesic 1 Mesic Clie Xeromesic - Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All classes 351.2 -- -- -- -- -- eT 55) Upland elm-ash-locust Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hydromesic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Mesic 1 Xeromesic 15 Xeric 2 All classes 19 Nonstocked Hydric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Hydromesic 1.4 1.4 Mesic 10.8 -- -- -- -- -- Het Soil Xeromesic 7.0 -- -- -- -- -- 7.0 Xeric -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- All classes 19.2 -- -- -- -- -- 16.1 Siok All types Hydric al Hydromesic 30 Mesic 80 Xeromesic 35 Xeric Ze
All classes 150.0 -- 5.8 -- -- -- 11
Table 39.--Area of wooded strips in private ownership by ownership class, owner tenure, and ownership-size class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand acres)
ALL UNITS
Ownership class All Ownership-size class (acres) and owner tenure classes 1-5 6-10 10-20 20-50 50-100 100-500 500+
Farmer 1-4 years 14.2 -- Sie
5-9 years 19.3 3.3 4, 10-19 years 24.5 -- 8.
20+ years 56.7 1 5. Total 114.7 4.
Miscellaneous private corporation 1-4 years 1 5-9 years 1 10-19 years -- == -- =- -- -- -- -- 20+ years -- Bo RO Se == =s == == Total 2.4 -- 1.4 -- -- -- 1.0 --
Miscellaneous private individual 1-4 years 3 5-9 years 4 10-19 years 5 20+ years 13 Total 27. All owners 1-4 years 19.3 -- 5-9 years 24.7 6.3 10-19 years 29.7 0.9 20+ years 70.5 3.0 Total 144.2 10.2 47.2 4
Farmer 1-4 years 7.1 1.5 5-9 years 11.4 ZG) 10-19 years 12.1 -- 5.6 20+ years 18.5 1.6 5.5 Total 49.1 1.6 15.3 1
Miscellaneous private corporation 1-4 years 1.4 -- 1.4 -- -- -- -- -- 5-9 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10-19 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20+ years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total 1.4 -- 1.4 -- -- a rae ae
Miscellaneous private individual
1-4 years -- == oe a nik it a Te
5-9 years 3.0
10-19 years 2.5
20+ years 6.6
Total 12.1
All owners 1-4 years 8 5-9 years 14 10-19 years 14 25 2
3.2 -- 10.7 USCA 3.2 -- (Table 39 continued on next page)
20+ years Total 6
(Table 39 continued)
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT
Ownership class All Ownership-size class (acres and owner tenure classes 1-5 5-10 10-20 20-50 50-100 100-500 500+ Farmer 1-4 years 7.1 -- 2.2 309 1.0 -- -- -- 5-9 years 4.6 -- 1.4 1.6 -- 1.6 -- -- 10-19 years 12.4 -- 2.6 5.0 3.5 1.3 -- -- 20+ years 13.4 -- 2.4 Tes) heal 2.4 -- -- Total 37:65 -- 8.6 18.0 5.6 5.3 -- -- Miscellaneous private corporation 1-4 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5-9 years 1.0 -- -- -- -- -- 1.0 -- 10-19 years oS aT a oS oS a ne =o 20+ years 25 =a oF as ee oF a2 oe Total 1.0 -- -- -- -- -- 1.0 --
Miscellaneous private individual 1-4 years 3 5-9 years 1 10-19 years 2 20+ years 1 Total 9
All owners 1-4 years 1 5-9 years 10-19 years 1 20+ years 1
Total 4 WESTERN UNIT
Farmer 1-4 years -- -- = — ara ae ma a 5-9 years 3.3 33 = = ae os ae i 10-19 years -- a ae 20+ years GES RN at ft 2X0 SNC SAU aD iP lio a Total 28.1 3.3 18.0 3.4 3.4 -- 55 ae
Miscellaneous private corporation 1-4 years -- -- -- == ps a ee a 5-9 years -- -- -- zs == ay = a 10-19 years -- -- -- = ao es 32 oe 20+ years -- -- -- =— ae a Btls us
Total -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Miscellaneous private individual 1-4 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5-9 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10-19 years = -- ~ 20+ years Total All owners 2 1-4 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5-9 years 3.3 3.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 10-19 years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20+ years 30.6 -- 20.5 6.7 3.4 -- -- -- Total 33.9 3.3 20.5 6./ 3.4 -- -- --
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67
Table 43.--Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group, Kansas, 1965 and 1981
Growing stock Sawtimber Species group 1965L/ 1981 19652/ 1981 Thousand cubic feet Thousand board feet </ SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 216 4,591 511 10,871 Total 216 4,591 511 10,871 HARDWOODS Bur oak 36,925 60,920 173,124 286,120 Select white oak 11,501 34,121 36,194 107, 383 Other white oak 10,484 19,854 19,229 36,531 Select red oak 26,020 45,828 103,966 183,457 Other red oak 19,438 27,445 84,208 118,665 Hickory 13,103 29,081 30,502 67,696 Pecan 8,040 8,986 36,974 28,043 Hard maple 2,259 3,120 5,563 6,280 Soft maple 9,005 21,011 37,644 87,834 Ash 35,714 61,700 107,524 185,760 Cottonwood 101,052 134,292 459,058 610,060 Basswood 3,614 6,031 15,438 25,763 Elm 89 5243 30,599 358,279 69,531 Black walnut 36,751 57,868 107,950 169,979 Willow 10,772 11,629 44,370 47,901 Hackberry 48,909 86,674 169,049 299,581 Sycamore 24,613 21,538 125,288 105,631 Other hardwoods 14,941 46,027 38,675 119,143 Total 502, 384 706,724 1953 \0352 1 .25:555.5358 All_species 502,600 . 711,315 1,953,546 2,566,229
‘Figures have been adjusted from those published after the 1965 survey to conform to 1981 areas because of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
2/ International q-inch rule.
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69
Table 45.--Net volume of timber on commercial forest land by class of timber and softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
All Class of timber species Softwoods Hardwoods LIVE TREES Growing-stock trees Sawtimber Saw log portion 392,254 1,762 390,492 Upper stem portion 98,594 176 98,418 Subtotal 490, 848 1,938 488,910 Poletimber 220,467 2,653 217,814 Total growing stock 711,315 4,591 706,724 Cull trees Rough and rotten cull trees Sawtimber 72,857 221 72,636 Poletimber 70,972 338 70,634 Subtotal 143,829 559 143,270 Short-log trees 67,429 410 67,019 Total cull 211,258 969 210,289 TOTAL LIVE TREES 922,573 5,560 917,013 SALVABLE DEAD TREES 4,448 68 4,380
ALL CLASSES 927,021 5,628 921, 393
Table 46.--Net volume of growing-stock, sawtimber, short-log, and rough and rotten trees on commercial forest land by individual species, Kansas, 1981
Total Growing Short-log Rough and Thousand 1/ force eee Thousand cubic feet- - - - - - - - board feet— Eastern redcedar 5,560 4,591 410 559 10,871 Bur oak 74,323 60,920 6,634 6,769 286,120 White oak 2,988 2,663 243 82 10,136 Chinkapin oak 48, 354 31,458 4,632 12,264 97,247 Post oak 23,758 19,854 1,787 2,117 36,531 Northern red oak 50,034 45,152 ies 3,159 180,754 Shumard oak 819 676 32 sly 2,703 Black oak 21,214 18,536 977 1,701 80,893 Blackjack oak 4,519 2,400 1,077 1,042 3,827 Pin oak 6,474 6,186 43 245 33,378 Shingle oak 323 323 -- -- 567 Shellbark hickory 1,667 1,481 90 96 2,936 Mockernut hickory 1,752 1,401 155 196 5,741 Shagbark hickory 15,926 14,506 683 737 34, 370 Bitternut hickory 12,740 11,270 883 587 23,281 Black hickory 505 423 51 31 1,368 Pecan 10, 586 8,986 757 843 28,043 Sugar maple 3,389 3,120 125 144 6,280 Silver maple 24, 380 21,011 1,078 2,291 87,834 White ash 2,080 1,641 188 251 4,191 Green ash 72,401 60,059 5,258 7,084 181,569 Eastern cottonwood 145,155 134,292 4,011 6,852 610,060 American basswood 7,565 6,031 734 800 25,763 American elm 41,985 25, 366 5,690 10,929 59,400 Siberian elm 1,041 343 264 434 271 Slippery elm 9,587 4,890 2,056 2,641 9,860 Black walnut 68,747 57, 868 5,495 5,384 169,979 Black willow 15,402 11,629 821 2,952 47,901 Boxelder 22,328 10,376 3,487 8,465 22,839 Hackberry 104,831 86,674 9,118 9,039 299,581 American sycamore 22,924 21,538 250 1,136 105,631 Black cherry 1,936 1,250 366 320 3,455 Black locust 4,357 2,636 627 1,094 5,293 Honeylocust 27,648 16,555 3,739 7,354 49,897 Kentucky coffeetree 6,771 5, 389 424 958 19,474 Northern catalpa 3,092 1,107 358 1,627 2.051 Common persimmon 1,347 ea lale} 24 210 612 Red mulberry 19,463 6,448 3,119 9,896 11,575 River birch 818 781 -- 37 2,278 Sugarberry 399 344 -- 55 1,569 Texas buckeye 87 28 20 39 -- All speciesé/ 889,275 HANS 67,429 110,531 2,566,229
international l-inch rule.
2/These totals do not include volume for noncommercial species. Volumes for individual noncommercial species are found in Table 47.
Table 47.--Net volume of noncommercial species (nongrowing-stock volume) on commercial forest land by individual species, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
Nongrowing-stock
Species (rough tree) volume Ailanthus 136 Eastern redbud 1,329 Hawthorn 63 Osage-orange 30,970 Eastern hophornbeam 800
Table 48.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 4,591 2,446 2,112 33 Total 4,591 2,446 22 33 HARDWOODS Bur oak 60,920 29,902 15,644 15,374 Select white oak 34,121 22,050 125071 -- Other white oak 19,854 2,107 Lay -- Select red oak 45,828 25,577 20,251 -- Other red oak 27,445 15,385 12,060 -- Select hickory 17, 388 11,801 5,587 -- Other hickory 11,693 6,665 5,028 -- Pecan 8,986 265 8,578 143 Hard maple 3,120 1,938 1,182 -- Soft maple 21,011 10,459 10,552 -- Ash 61,700 13,845 26,734 21,121 Cottonwood 134,292 43,561 9,786 80,945 Basswood 6,031 5,618 413 -- Elm 30,599 13,932 12,589 4,078 Black walnut 57,868 32, 366 23,004 2,498 Willow 11,629 5,021 4,204 2,404 Boxelder 10,376 3,563 1,831 4,982 Hackberry 86,674 37, 640 38,441 10,593 Sycamore 21,538 11,447 9,787 304 Other hardwoods 35,651 19,505 11,527 4,619 Total 706,724 312,647 247,016 147,061
All_species 711,315 315,093 249,128 147,094
Table 49.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand board feet )L/
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 10,871 5,106 5,765 -- Total 10,871 5,106 5,765 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 286,120 124,290 72,739 89,091 Select white oak 107, 383 77,476 29,907 -- Other white oak 36,531 6,145 30, 386 -- Select red oak 183,457 104, 284 79,173 -- Other red oak 118,665 70,133 48,532 -- Select hickory 43,047 24,060 18, 987 -- Other hickory 24,649 14,453 10,196 -- Pecan 28,043 575 26,708 760 Hard maple 6,280 3,635 2,645 -- Soft maple 87, 834 44,464 43,370 -- Ash 185, 760 42,154 87,049 56,557 Cottonwood 610, 060 196,103 39, 358 374,599 Basswood 25,763 24 , 807 956 -- Elm 69,531 25,507 29,537 14,487 Black walnut 169,979 96,526 65,992 7,461 Willow 47,901 19,065 16,467 12,369 Boxelder 22,839 5,924 6,077 10,838 Hackberry 299,581 112,814 137,513 49,254 Sycamore 105,631 56,268 47 ,653 1,710 Other hardwoods 96 , 304 53,824 29,536 12,944 Total 2,555, 358 1,102,507 822,781 630,070 All_species 2,566,229 1,107,613 828,546 630,070
{International l-inch rule.
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MD
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Tl
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Table 56.--Net volume of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
Ownership class
All National Misc. County and Misc. Species group classes forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer private SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 4,591 -- 52 -- -- -- 3,289 1,250 Total 4,591 -- 52 -- -- -- 3, 289 1,250 HARDWOODS Bur oak 60,920 -- W237, -- 282 -- 38, 563 20, 838 Select white oak 34,121 -- 978 -- -- 200 18,816 14,127 Other white oak 19,854 -- 731 -- -- -- 14,227 4,896 Select red oak 45,828 -- 1,049 -- -- -- 27,348 17,431 Other red oak 27,445 -- 123 -- 3,041 -- 15,875 8,406 Select hickory 17, 388 -- 616 -- 114 -- 8,230 8,428 Other hickory 11,693 -- 450 -- -- -- 6,696 4,547 Pecan 8, 986 -- -- -- 91 -- 3,444 5,451 Hard maple 3,120 -- -- -- -- -- 737 2, 383 Soft maple 21,011 -- 749 -- 1,566 659 11,177 6,860 Ash 61, 700 -- 1,523 -- 941 -- 40,475 18,761 Cottonwood 134,292 -- 9,794 398 2,130 -- 73,053 48,917 Basswood 6,031 -- 98 -- -- -- 3,943 1,990 Elm 30,599 -- 1,192 58 139 130 17,944 11,136 Black walnut 57,868 -- 2,229 -- 66 223 36,723 18,627 Willow 11,629 -- 232 -- 32 443 7,763 3,159 Boxelder 10,376 -- 95 -- -- 200 7,379 2,702 Hackberry 86,674 -- 3,628 180 92 990 55,798 25,986 Sycamore 21,538 -- 1,608 -- -- -- 15,703 4,227 Other hardwoods 35,651 -- 1,520 398 246 432 19,981 13,074 Total 706,724 -- 27,852 1,034 8,740 3,277 423,875 241,946 All_species 711,315 -- 27,904 T, 034 8,740 Sau) 427,164 243,196 Table 57.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class, Kansas, 1981 (In thousand board feet )2/ Ownership class All National Misc. County and Misc. Species group classes forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer private SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 10,871 -- -- -- -- -- 9,115 1,756 Total 10,871 -- -- -- -- -- 9,115 1,756 HARDWOODS Bur oak 286,120 -- 5,909 -- 1,271 -- 180,540 98, 400 Select white oak 107, 383 -- 3,014 -- -- -- 65,965 38, 404 Other white oak 36,531 -- 1,902 -- -- -- 25,810 8,819 Select red oak 183,457 -- 4,751 -- -- -- 105, 393 73,313 Other red oak 118,665 -- -- -- 18,519 -- 69,966 30,180 Select hickory 43,047 -- 425 -- 286 -- 21,144 21,192 Other hickory 24,649 -- -- -- -- -- 14,218 10,431 Pecan 28,043 -- -- -- 541 -- 12,991 14,511 Hard maple 6,280 -- -- -- -- -- 1,617 4,663 Soft maple 87,834 -- 2,936 -- 8,597 2,004 44,993 29,304 Ash 185, 760 -- 4,073 -- 4,798 -- 118,314 58,575 Cottonwood 610, 060 -- 55,081 862 -- -- 336, 232 217,885 Basswood 25,763 -- 487 -- -- -- 17,069 8,207 Elm 69,531 -- 2,022 -- -- 628 43,595 23, 286 Black walnut 169,979 -- 9,998 -- 342 628 107,965 51,046 Willow 47,901 -- 831 -- -- 2,064 31,674 13, 332 Boxelder 22, 839 -- -- -- -- 886 16,780 5173 Hackberry 299,581 -- 9,875 315 471 2,492 192,875 93,553 Sycamore 105,631 -- 9,068 -- -- -- 77,423 19,140 Other hardwoods 96, 304 -- 5,35 W513 1,591 1,970 49,455 36,424 Total 2,555, 358 —_ 115,723 2,690 36,416 10,672 1,534,019 855, 838 All_species 2,566,229 -- 115723 2,690 36,416 10,672 1,543,134 857,594
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Table 62.--Net volume of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and butt log-grade, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand board feet )/
All imate een Ne race oem gh ade aici atin haope aren Species group grades 1 2 3 Tie and timber SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 10,871 -- -- 9,288 1,583 Total 10,871 -- -- 9,288 1,583 HARDWOODS Bur oak 286,120 62,314 83,866 125,690 14,250 Select white oak 107, 383 15,773 31,101 57,630 2,879 Other white oak 36,531 Sie: 11,996 22,451 573 Select red oak 183,457 42,611 58,851 77,067 4,928 Other red oak 118,665 16,741 40,147 52,680 9,097 Select hickory 43,047 7,461 16,724 LP 23 1,649 Other hickory 24,649 3,698 11,719 8,127 1,105 Pecan 28,043 11,015 6,254 10,774 -- Hard maple 6,280 1,141 1,889 2,698 552 Soft maple 87,834 19, 380 28,931 35, 865 3,658 Ash 185, 760 68,512 61,858 53,810 1,580 Cottonwood 610,060 326,242 136,913 136,314 10,591 Basswood 25,763 8,822 3,602 12,284 1,055 Elm 69,531 8,683 10, 404 46, 889 35055 Black walnut 169,979 40,924 66, 343 61,521 P19 Willow 47,901 17,421 13,992 14,031 2,457 Boxelder 22,839 -- 5,456 15,893 1,490 Hackberry 299,581 89, 384 96,672 103, 430 10,095 Sycamore 105,631 60,261 30, 246 14,175 949 Other hardwoods 96, 304 7,6/1 30,719 53,286 4,628 Total 2,555, 358 809,565 747,683 921, 828 76,282 All_species 2,566,229 809,565 747,683 931,116 77,865
international Iq-inch rule.
Table 63.--Net volume of growing-stock trees by forest type and ground land use, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
Ground land use
Pastured Unpastured Wooded Wooded Forest type commercial forest commercial forest strips Windbreaks pasture Eastern redcedar-hardwood 15262 3,483 16,881 -- 1,449 Oak-hickory 48,040 145,651 2,309 -- 3,939 Post-blackjack oak 6,669 10,472 -- -- -- Upland plains hardwoods 9,108 15,033 1,828 475 1,438 Elm-ash-cottonwood 27,954 144,675 36,157 -- 6,318 Cottonwood 25,286 69,879 3,676 -- 1A313 Willow -- 1,156 1,336 -- -- Lowland plains hardwoods 33, 580 145,162 12,652 -- 2,801 Upland elm-ash-locust 8,071 13,047 13,706 -- 2,924 Nonstocked 1,421 1, 366 2,998 -- 3,247 All_types 161,391 549,924 91,543 475 23,429
Table 64.--Net volume of black walnut, by land class and tree class, Kansas, 1981
Nonforest with trees
Tree class Commercial forest Wooded strips Other nonforest with trees
Thousand Thousand / Thousand Thousand 1/ Thousand Thousand 1/
cubic feet board feet— cubic feet board feet— cubic feet board feet— Growing stock 57,868 -- 3,368 -- 2,133 -- Sawtimber -- 169,979 -- 8,669 -- 6,486 Short-log cull 5,495 13,121 685 991 573 909 Rough and rotten cull 5, 384 -- 487 -- 755 -- All classes 68,747 183,100 4,540 9,660 3,461 7,395
{international l-inch rule.
94
Table 65.--Net volume of growing-stock and short-log trees on commercial forest land and wooded strips, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
RE A AE oe rg De RL) 9 a I Commercial forest land Wooded strips Growing-stock Short-log Growing-stock Short-log Species group Total trees trees trees trees SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 6,077 4,591 410 1,076 -- Total 6,077 4,591 410 1,076 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 78,929 60,920 6,634 11,301 74 Select white oak 39,284 34,121 4,875 258 30 Other white oak 21,641 19,854 1,787 -- -- Select red oak 49,432 45,828 1,755 1,658 191 Other red oak 30,416 27,445 2,097 874 -- Select hickory 18, 493 17,388 928 177 -- Other hickory 13,399 11,693 934 733 39 Pecan 10,665 8, 986 757 798 124 Hard maple 3,245 3,120 125 -- -- Soft maple 25,042 21,011 1,078 2,953 -- Ash 80,493 61,700 5,446 11,082 2,265 Cottonwood 162,335 134,292 4,011 24,032 -- Basswood 7,109 6,031 734 344 -- Elm 44 , 980 30,599 8,010 5,154 1,217 Black walnut 67,416 57,868 5,495 3, 368 685 Willow 14,014 11,629 821 1,475 89 Boxelder 17,609 10,376 3,487 2,174 1,572 Hackberry 109,599 86,674 9,118 12,710 1,097 Sycamore 26,445 21,538 250 4,657 -- Other hardwoods 52,671 35,651 8,677 6,719 1,624 Total 873,217 706,724 ~ 67,019 90,467 9,007 All_species 879,294 711,315 67,429 91,543 9,007 NORTHEASTERN UNIT SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 2,851 2,446 225 180 -- Total 2,851 2,446 225 180 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 34,479 29,902 3,708 869 -- Select white oak 25,682 22,050 3,602 -- 30 Other white oak 2,315 2,107 208 -- -- Select red oak 26,738 25,577 911 250 -- Other red oak 16,583 15,385 788 410 -- Select hickory 12,395 11,801 430 164 -- Other hickory 7,690 6,665 719 267 39 Pecan 265 265 -- -- -- Hard maple 1, 938 1, 938 -- -- -- Soft maple 13,003 10,459 633 1,911 -- Ash 18,511 13,845 1,283 3,159 224 Cottonwood 48, 389 43,561 1,017 3,811 -- Basswood 6,696 5,618 734 344 -- Elm 19,950 13,932 3,066 2,571 381 Black walnut 37,917 32, 366 2,945 1,959 647 Willow 6,204 5,021 235 948 -- Boxelder 6,169 3,563 865 1,191 550 Hackberry 45,013 37,640 2,871 3, 883 619 Sycamore 14,808 11,447 26 3,335 -- Other hardwoods 30, 233 19,505 4,520 5,347 861 Total 374,978 312,647 28,561 30,419 3,351 All_species 377,829 315,093 28, 786 30,599 3,351
(Table 65 continued on next page)
(Table 65 continued)
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT Commercial forest land
Wooded strips
96
Growing-stock Short-log Growing-stock Short-log Species group Total trees trees trees trees SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 2,297 Zale 185 -- -- Total 2,297 2,112 185 -- -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 19,183 15,644 1,613 1,852 74 Select white oak 13,602 12,071 1,273 258 -- Other white oak 19,326 17,747 1,579 -- -- Select red oak 22,694 20,251 844 1,408 191 Other red oak 13,833 12,060 1,309 464 -- Select hickory 6,098 5,587 498 13 -- Other hickory 5,709 5,028 215 466 -- Pecan 10,257 8,578 757 798 124 Hard maple 1,307 1,182 125 -- -- Soft maple 11,912 10,552 318 1,042 -- Ash 30, 634 26, 734 1,759 1232 909 Cottonwood L272 9,786 438 1,048 -- Basswood 413 413 -- -- -- Elm 19,065 12,589 3,150 2,490 836 Black walnut 26,920 23,004 2,469 1,409 38 Willow 4,860 4,204 284 283 89 Boxelder 4,114 1,831 708 983 592 Hackberry 45,226 38,441 exer 4,328 182 Sycamore 11, 333 9,787 224 1322 -- Other hardwoods 15,694 11,527 2,032 1,372 763 Total 293,452 247,016 21,870 20, 768 3,798 All_species 295,749 249,128 22,055 20, 768 3,798 WESTERN UNIT SOFTWOODS ; Eastern redcedar 929 33 -- 896 -- Total 929 33 -- 896 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 25,267 15,374 1,313 8,580 -- Select white oak -- -- -- -- -- Other white oak -- -- -- -- -- Select red oak -- -- -- -- -- Other red oak -- -- -- -- -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- -- -- -- -- Pecan 143 143 -- -- -- Hard maple -- -- -- -- -- Soft maple 127 -- 127 -- -- Ash 31, 348 215121 2,404 6,691 Lv32 Cottonwood 102,674 80,945 2,556 19,173 -- Basswood -- -- -- -- -- Elm 5,965 4,078 1,794 93 -- Black walnut 2,579 2,498 81 -- -- Willow 2,950 2,404 302 244 -- Boxelder 7,326 4,982 1,914 -- 430 Hackberry 19, 360 10,593 3,972 4,499 296 Sycamore 304 304 -- -- -- Other hardwoods 6,744 4,619 2,125 -- -- Total 204,787 147,061 16,588 39, 280 1,858 All_species 205,716 147,094 16,588 40,176 1,858
Table 66.--Net volume of sawtimber and short-log trees on commercial forest land and wooded strips, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand board feet )1/ ALL UNITS Commercial forest land Wooded strips Sawtimber Short-log Sawtimber Short-log Species group Total trees trees trees trees SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 12,870 10,871 779 1,220 -- Total 12,870 10,871 779 1,220 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 350,299 286,120 16,080 48,099 -- Select white oak 119,652 107, 383 12,269 -- -- Other white oak 38,525 36,531 1,994 -- -- Select red oak 192,823 183,457 4,733 4,633 -- Other red oak 128,529 118,665 6,328 3,536 -- Select hickory 44,878 43,047 1,831 -- -- Other hickory 27,293 24,649 1,685 959 -- Pecan 33, 204 28,043 1,903 2,860 398 Hard maple 6,613 6,280 333 -- -- Soft maple 101, 089 87,834 2,571 10,684 -- Ash 236,913 185, 760 11,798 34,894 4,461 Cottonwood 707,410 610,060 13,704 83, 646 -- Basswood 28,141 25,763 1,571 807 -- Elm 92,790 69,531 12,387 9,199 1,673 Black walnut 192,760 169,979 13,121 8,669 991 Willow 57,075 47,901 2,355 6,433 386 Boxelder 39,152 22,839 7,992 5,125 3,196 Hackberry 363,523 299, 581 21,596 41,472 874 Sycamore 120,423 105,631 370 14,422 -- Other hardwoods 135,631 96, 304 12,504 23,399 3,424 Total 3,016,723 2,555, 358 147,125 298,837 15,403 All_species 3,029,593 2,566,229 147,904 300,057 15,403 NORTHEASTERN UNIT SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 5,209 5,106 103 -- -- Total 5,209 5,106 103 -- -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 136,514 124,290 8,605 3,619 -- Select white oak 87,258 77,476 9,782 -- -- Other white oak 6,476 6,145 331 -- -- Select red oak 106, 363 104, 284 2,079 -- -- Other red oak 76,262 70,133 3,922 2,207 -- Select hickory 24,651 24,060 591 -- -- Other hickory 15,851 14,453 1,398 -- -- Pecan 575 575 -- -- -- Hard maple 3,635 3,635 -- -- -- Soft maple 53,320 44,464 1,384 7,472 -- Ash 57,355 42,154 2,698 12,186 317 Cottonwood 212,554 196,103 2,572 13,879 -- Basswood 27,185 24, 807 1,571 807 -- Elm 33, 538 25,507 3,148 4,536 347 Black walnut 111,345 96,526 8,285 5,543 991 Willow 23,260 19,065 257 3, 938 -- Boxelder 9,787 5,924 1,818 1,129 916 Hackberry 133,687 112,814 8, 586 11,413 874 Sycamore 64,790 56,268 -- 8,522 -- Other hardwoods 81,192 53,824 6,979 18,801 1,588 Total 1,265,598 1,102,507 64,006 94,052 5,033 All_species 1,270,807 1,107,613 64,109 94,052 5,033
; (Table 66 continued on next page) 1/international y-inch rule.
(Table 66 continued)
SOUTHEASTERN UNIT
Commercial forest land Wooded strips
98
Growing-stock Short-log Growing-stock Short-log Species group Total trees trees trees trees SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 6,441 5,765 676 -- -- Total 6,441 5,765 676 -- -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 83,901 72,739 3,331 7,831 -- Select white oak 32,394 29,907 2,487 -- -- Other white oak 32,049 30, 386 1,663 -- -- Select red oak 86, 460 79,173 2,654 4,633 -- Other red oak 52,267 48,532 2,406 1,329 -- Select hickory 20,227 18,987 1,240 -- -- Other hickory 11,442 10,196 287 959 -- Pecan 31, 869 26, 7/08 1,903 2,860 398 Hard maple 2,978 2,645 333 -- -- Soft maple 47, 363 43,370 781 3,212 -- Ash 96,218 87,049 3,406 3,867 1,896 Cottonwood 45,351 39, 358 1,244 4,749 -- Basswood 956 956 -- -- -- Elm 40,542 29,537 5,016 4,663 1,326 Black walnut 73,954 65,992 4,836 3,126 -- Willow 18, 858 16,467 637 1,368 386 Boxelder 13,231 6,077 1,488 3,996 1,670 Hackberry 158,074 137,513 5,239 15,322 -- Sycamore 53,923 47,653 370 5,900 -- Other hardwoods 38,647 29,536 2,677 4,598 1,836 Total 940, 704 822,781 41,998 68,413 7,512 All_species 947,145 828,546 42,674 68,413 hebke WESTERN UNIT SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 1,220 -- -- 1,220 -- Total 1,220 -- -- 1,220 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 129, 884 89,091 4,144 36,649 -- Select white oak -- -- -- -- -- Other white oak -- -- -- -- -- Select red oak -- -- -- -- -- Other red oak -- -- -- -- -- Select hickory == -- -- -- -- Other hickory -- -- -- -- -- Pecan 760 760 -- -- -- Hard maple -- -- -- -- -- Soft maple 406 -- 406 -- -- Ash 83,340 56,557 5,694 18,841 2,248 Cottonwood 449,505 374,599 9,888 65,018 -- Basswood -- -- -- -- -- Elm 18,710 14,487 4,223 -- -- Black walnut 7,461 7,461 -- -- -- Willow 14,957 12, 369 1,461 27, -- Boxelder 16,134 10, 838 4,686 -- 610 Hackberry 71,762 49,254 REY 14,737 -- Sycamore 1,710 1,710 -- -- -- Other hardwoods 15,792 12,944 2,848 -- -- Total 810,421 630,070 41,121 136,372 2,858 All_species 811,641 630,070 41,121 137,592 2,858
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Table 74.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1964 and 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Species 19642/ 1980 Softwoods -- 471 Hardwoods 22,100 22,759
All_species 22,100 23,230
1/F i gures have been adjusted from those pub- lished after the 1965 survey to conform to 1980 volumes because of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
Table 75.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar Fata 1 At Means 70) aus eno aca ULC Cel ree el pee Total 471 271 197 3 HARDWOODS Bur oak 1,251 576 433 242 Select white oak 779 485 294 -- Other white oak 594 43 551 -- Select red oak 1,467 674 793 -- Other red oak 611 282 329 -- Select hickory 467 341 126 -- Other hickory 470 341 129 -- Pecan 254 4 247 3 Hard maple 94 58 36 -- Soft maple 941 423 518 -- Ash 1,958 403 892 663 Cottonwood 2,525 1,023 179 1,323 Basswood 199 166 33 -- Elm 678 224 538 -84 Black walnut 2,167 926 1,010 231 Willow 382 138 131 113 Boxelder 762 226 68 468 Hackberry 4,454 1,755 2,184 515 Sycamore 590- 268 314 8 Other hardwoods 2116 1,032 708 376 Total 22,759 9,388 9,513 3,858 All_species 23,230 9,659 9,710 3,861
106
Table 76.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 90 95 -5 -- Total 90 95 -5 -- HARDWOODS Bur oak 4,255 1,738 1,408 1,109 Select white oak 2,041 1,772 269 -- Other white oak 460 102 358 -- Select red oak 7,275 3,977 3,298 -- Other red oak 1179 902 277 -- Select hickory 953 796 157 -- Other hickory 1,060 479 581 -- Pecan 1,113 1 1,103 9 Hard maple 607 66 541 -- Soft maple 3,170 1,462 1,708 -- Ash 4,768 870 3,299 599 Cottonwood 8,773 2,432 1,003 5,338 Basswood 360 354 6 -- Elm -2,234 -2,142 763 -855 Black walnut 5,911 2,892 2,994 25 Willow 2,742 1,860 444 438 Boxelder 1,642 728 476 438 Hackberry 13,246 5,463 6,444 1,339 Sycamore 2,403 892 1,482 29 Other hardwoods 4,223 2,782 984 457 Total 63,947 27,426 27,595 8,926 All_species 64,037 27,521 27,590 8,926
(In thousand board feet )L/
{/international l-inch rule.
Forest Survey Unit
Table 77.--Net annual growth of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class, Kansas, 1980
All National Misc. County and Misc. Species group classes forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer private SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 471 -- 2 -- -- -- 325 144 Total 471 -- 2 -- -- -- 325 144 HARDWOODS
Bur oak 1,251 -- 164 -- 4 -- 715 368 Select white oak 779 -- 15 -- -- 7 314 443 Other white oak 594 -- 18 -- -- -- 432 144 Select red oak 1,467 -- 27 -- -- -- 891 549 Other red oak 611 -- 6 -- 22 -- 270 313 Select hickory 467 -- 13 -- 4 -- 252 198 Other hickory 470 -- 8 -- -- -- 309 153 Pecan 254 -- -- -- 2 -- 113 139 Hard maple 94 -- -- -- -- -- 29 65 Soft maple 941 -- 22 -- 75 42 567 235 Ash 1,958 -- 40 -- 25 -- 1,347 546 Cottonwood 2,525 -- 276 2, 159 -- 1,656 432 Basswood 199 -- 2 -- -- -- 125 72 Elm 678 -- 52 3 5 2 519 97 Black walnut 2,167 -- 50 -- 2 -- 1,162 953 Willow 382 -- 2 -- 4 23 248 105 Boxelder 762 -- -- -- -- 10 475 277 Hackberry 4,454 -- 203 7 2 54 2,828 1,360 Sycamore 590 -- 42 -- -- -- 447 101 Other hardwoods 2,116 -- 78 13 12 14 1,336 663 Total 22,759 -- 1,018 25 316 152 14,035 7,213 All_species 23,230 -- 1,020 25 316 152 14,360 S57:
(In thousand cubic feet)
Ownership class
107
Table 78.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group and ownership class, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand board feet )4/
Ownership class
108
{international Wq-inch rule.
63,947
988
SHinlO3
All National Misc. County and Misc. Species group classes forest federal Indian State municipal Farmer private SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 90 -- -- -- -- -- 70 20 Total 90 -- -- -- -- -- 70 20 HARDWOODS Bur oak 4,255 -- 104 -- ll -- 2,954 1,186 Select white oak 2,041 -- 30 -- -- -- 1,395 616 Other white oak 460 -- 39 -- -- -- 355 66 Select red oak 1275 -- 627 -- -- -- 2,689 3,959 Other red oak 1,179 -- -- -- 116 -- 158 905 Select hickory 953 -- 3 -- 8 -- 305 637 Other hickory 1,060 -- -- -- -- -- 93 967 Pecan LT -- -- -- 6 -- 807 300 Hard maple 607 -- -- -- -- -- 308 299 Soft maple 3,170 -- 95 -- 250 237 1,177 1,411 Ash 4,768 -- 112 -- 420 -- 32823 913 Cottonwood 8,773 -- 843 2 -- -- 6,435 1,493 Basswood 360 -- 9 -- -- -- 240 LT Elm -2,234 -- -14 -- -- 7 -1,392 -835 Black walnut 5,911 -- 211 -- 13 -- 3,560 AAT Willow 2,742 -- -- -- -- 187 2,155 400 Boxelder 1,642 -- -- -- -- 367 685 590 Hackberry 13,246 -- 340 13 9 120 8,437 4,327 Sycamore 2,403 -- 148 -- -- -- 1,938 317 Other hardwoods 4,223 -- 111 44 33 70 2,131 1,834
21,623
Total : > >
All_species 64,037 -- 2,658 59 866 988 37,823 21,643
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Table 85.--Net annual growth of growing stock on wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 107 11 -- 96 Total 107 11 -- 96 HARDWOODS Bur oak 157 11 21 125 Select white oak 41 -- 41 -- Other white oak -- -- -- -- Select red oak 45 8 37 -- Other red oak 24 9 15 -- Select hickory 9 8 il -- Other hickory 22 7 15 -- Pecan 10 -- 10 -- Hard maple -- -- -- -- Soft maple 120 95 25 -- Ash 360 96 70 194 Cottonwood -32 92 -316 192 Basswood 26 26 -- -- Elm 199 128 66 5 Black walnut 107 75 32 -- Willow 34 20 6 8 Boxelder 99 71 28 -- Hackberry 840 201 411 228 Sycamore 88 53 35 -- Other hardwoods 196° 153 43 -- Total 2,345 1,053 540 752 All_species 2,452 1,064 540 848
Table 86.--Net annual growth of sawtimber on wooded strips by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand board feet )4/
Forest Survey Unit
North- South-
All eastern eastern Western
Species group Units Unit Unit Unit
SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 53 -- -- 53 Total 53 -- -- 53 HARDWOODS
Bur oak 581 36 81 464 Select white oak -- -- -- -- Other white oak -- -- -- -- Select red oak 99 -- 99 -- Other red oak 78 52 26 -- Select hickory -- -- -- -- Other hickory 20 -- 20 -- Pecan 28 -- 28 -- Hard maple -- -- -- -- Soft maple 221 174 47 -- Ash NAA 865 90 317 Cottonwood 1,806 802 -624 1,628 Basswood 12 12 -- -- Elm 154 72 82 -- Black walnut 180 137 43 -- Willow 1,690 531 27 Lo32 Boxelder 159 44 115 -- Hackberry 2,178 730 1,173 275 Sycamore 186 60 126 -- Other hardwoods 488 356 132 -- Total 9,152 3,871 1,465 3,816 All_species 9,205 3,871 1,465 3,869
1/ International l-inch rule.
116
Table 87.--Timber removals from growing stock on commercial forest land, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 89 40 14 35 Total 89 40 14 35 HARDWOODS Bur oak 1,303 604 360 339 Select white oak 700 434 266 -- Other white oak 480 41 439 -- Select red oak 1,195 573 604 18 Other red oak 703 341 362 -- Select hickory 168 115 53 -- Other hickory 106 58 48 -- Pecan 85 -- 85 -- Hard maple 15 3 12 -- Soft maple 500 201 297 2 Ash 1,629 451 888 290 Cottonwood 1,935 893 559 483 Basswood 17 17 -- -- Elm 685 280 337 68 Black walnut 1,307 787 508 12 Hackberry 1,220 437 672 111 Sycamore 1/ 320 70 237 13 Other hardwoods— 1,526 694 530 302 Total 13,894: 5,999 6,257 1,638 All_species 13,983 6,039 6,271 1,673
{includes willow and boxelder species groups.
Table 88.--Timber removals from sawtimber on commercial forest land, by species group and Forest Survey Unit, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand board feet )L/
Forest Survey Unit
North- South- All eastern eastern Western Species group Units Unit Unit Unit SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 324 132 30 162 Total 324 132 30 162 HARDWOODS Bur oak 4,771 2,002 1,721 1,048 Select white oak 1,881 1,203 678 -- Other white oak 830 94 736 -- Select red oak 3,529 1,620 1,832 77 Other red oak 2,199 1,082 Led -- Select hickory 527 344 183 -- Other hickory 257 157 100 -- Pecan 394 4 389 1 Hard maple 41 8 33 -- Soft maple 2,126 699 1,422 5 Ash 5,484 1,538 3,058 888 Cottonwood 9,154 4,334 3,146 1,674 Basswood 66 65 il -- Elm 2,538 ” 936 1,362 240 Black walnut 8,281 4,977 3,204 100 Hackberry 4,890 1,585 2,879 426 Sycamore 2/ 1,611 321 1,220 70 Other hardwoods— 4,350 1,951 1,504 895 Total 52,929 22,920 24 , 585 5,424 All_species 53,253 23,052 24,615 5, 586
international q-inch rule. 2/ includes willow and boxelder species groups.
117
Table 89.--Timber removal s-/ from growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group, Kansas, 1964 and 1980
Growing stock Sawtimber Species group 19642/ 1980 19642/ 1980 Thousand cubic feet Thousand board feet>/
SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 21 89 -- 324 Total 21 89 -- 324
HARDWOODS Bur oak 953 1,303 3,604 4,771 Select white oak 120 700 502 1,881 Other white oak 295 480 493 830 Select red oak 156 1,195 169 3,529 Other red oak 492 703 1,455 2,199 Select hickory 330 168 981 527 Other hickory 209 106 479 257 Pecan 72 85 257 394 Hard maple 12 15 4 41 Soft maple 667 500 PAS TSY2 2,126 Ash 607 1,629 1,550 5,484 Cottonwood 1,120 1,935 4,183 9,154 Basswood 19 17 11 66 Elm 848 685 2,539 2,538 Black walnut 1,180 1,307 7,240 8,281 Hackberry 626 1,220 2,351 4,890 Sycamore 4/ 259 320 903 1,611 Other hardwoods— 314 1,526 547 4,350 Total 8,279 13,894 30, 000 52,929 All_species 8,300 13,983 30,000 53,253
removals in 1980 are trend-level removals.
2/64 gures have been adjusted from those published after the 1966 survey to conform to 1980 volumes because of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
3/tnternational q-inch rule. includes willow and boxelder species groups.
118
Table 90.--Timber removals from growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by item and species category, Kansas, 1980
GROWING STOCK Species category
All Elm- Other Item species Softwoods Oak hackberry Ash Cottonwood Walnut hardwoods
ROUNDWOOD PRODUCTS
Saw logs 4,340 66 730 638 336 940 1,138 492 Veneer logs 72 -- 12 -- -- -- 60 -- Cooperage logs 40 -- 40 -- -- -- -- -- Fuelwood 7,577 -- 3,184 1,033 1,034 398 -- 1,928 Posts 52 18 19 -- -- -- -- 15 Total 12,081 84 3,985 1,671 1,370 1,338 1,198 2,435 LOGGING RESIDUE 755 -- 231 69 137 140 109 69 OTHER REMOVALS 1,147 5 165 165 122 457 -- 233 ALL TIMBER REMOVALS 13,983 89 4,381 1,905 1,629 1,935 1,307 ew SAWTIMBER
ROUNDWOOD PRODUCTS
Saw logs 26,269 312 3,358 4,017 1,991 6,107 7,431 3,053 Veneer logs 475 -- 59 -- -- -- 416 -- Cooperage logs 237 -- 237 -- -- -- -- -- Fuelwood 20,895 -- 8,773 2,850 2,851 1,097 -- 5,324 Posts 114 ll 62 -- -- -- -- 41 Total 47,990 323 12,489 6,867 4,842 7,204 7,847 8,418 LOGGING RESIDUE 1,637 -- 327 125 315 293 434 143 OTHER REMOVALS 3,626 1 394 436 327 1,657 -- 811 ALL_ TIMBER REMOVALS 53,253 324 13,210 7,428 5,484 9,154 8,281 DEST 2N
+f international q-inch rule.
Table 91.--Net annual growth and removals of growing stock On commercial forest land by species group, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Net annual Annual timber Species group growth removals SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 471 89 Total 471 89 HARDWOODS Bur oak 1,251 1,303 Select white oak 779 700 Other white oak 594 480 Select red oak 1,467 1,195 Other red oak 611 703 Select hickory 467 168 Other hickory 470 106 Pecan 254 85 Hard maple 94 15 Soft maple 941 500 Ash 1,958 1,629 Cottonwood 2,525 1,935 Basswood 199 17 Elm 678 685 Black walnut 2,167 1,307 Hackberry 4,454 1,220 Sycamore 1/ 590 320 Other hardwoods— 3,260 1,526 ese Call aie vee Panamera ra COU ce ee ES OOM All_species 23,230 13,983
includes willow and boxelder species groups.
119
Table 92.--Net annual growth and removals of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand board feet )2/
Net annual Annual timber Species group growth removals SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 90 324 Total 90 324 HARDWOODS Bur oak 4,255 4,771 Select white oak 2,041 1,881 Other white oak 460 830 Select red oak 7,275 3,529 Other red oak 1,179 2,199 Select hickory 953 527 Other hickory 1,060 257 Pecan 3 394 Hard maple 607 41 Soft maple 3,170 2,126 Ash 4,768 5,484 Cottonwood 8,773 9,154 Basswood 360 66 Elm -2,234 2,538 Black walnut 5,911 8,281 Hackberry 13,246 4,890 Sycamore 2/ 2,403 1,611 Other hardwoods— 8,607 4,350 Total 63,947 52,929 All_species 64,037 53/5253
Vinternational Y-inch rule. 2/tncludes willow and boxelder species groups.
Table 93.--Net annual growth and removals of growing stock on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Net_annual_ growth Annual timber removals All All Ownership class species Softwoods Hardwoods species Softwoods Hardwoods PUBLIC National Forest -- -- -- -- -- -- Misc. federal 1,020 2 1,018 13 -- 13 Indian 25 -- 25 6 -- 6 State 316 -- 316 -- -- -- County & municipal 152 -- 152 -- -- -- Total 1,513 2 LSD 19 -- 19 PRIVATE Farmer and Misc. private QUT. 469 21,248 13,964 89 13,875 All owners 23,230 471 22,759 13,983 89 13,894
120
Table 94.--Net annual growth and removals of sawtimber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1980
All All Ownership class species Softwoods Hardwoods species Softwoods | Hardwoods PUBLIC National Forest -- -- -- -- -- -- Misc. federal 2,658 -- 2,658 33 -- 33 Indian 59 -- 59 17 -- 17 State 866 -- 866 -- -- -- County & municipal 988 -- 988 -- -- -- Total 4,571 -- 4,571 50 -- 50 PRIVATE Farmer and Misc. private 59,466 90 59,376 53,203 324 52,879 All_ owners 64,037 90 63,947 535253 324 52,929
(In thousand board feet )2/
Net annual growth
1/international W-inch rule.
Table 95.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by softwoods and hard-
woods, Kansas, 1964 and 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Figures have been adjusted from those pub- lished after the 1965 survey to conform to 1980 volumes because of changes in survey definitions and procedures.
Species 19642/ 1980 Softwoods -- 28 Hardwoods 3,280 3,739
All_species 3,280 3,767
Annual timber removals
121
Table 96.--Annual mortality of growing stock on commercial forest land by species group and cause, Kansas, 1980
(In thousand cubic feet)
Cause
All Unknown
Species group causes Insects Disease __Fire Animals Weather Suppression and other _
SOF TWOODS Eastern redcedar 28 -- -- -- -- == 28 me Total 28 -- -- -- -- — 28 a2 HARDWOODS
Bur oak 220 -- 117 4 -- 6 -- 93 Select white oak 94 -- 22 -- 28 = as 44 Other white oak 46 -- -- 12 a2 zk me 34 Select red oak 210 -- 77 -- -- 42 -- 91 Other red oak 216 -- 115 -- -- 52 -- 49 Select hickory 39 -- 29 -- -- -- -- 10 Other hickory 10 -- 7 -- on == =s 3 Pecan a == -- om -- == == -- Hard maple -- -- -- -- oo a ae se Soft maple 12 -- -- -- == ae oe 12 Ash 177 -- 20 -- -- 10 3 144 Cottonwood 853 122 91 -- 66 153 -- 421 Basswood 6 -- 6 -- -- <= = == Elm 1,283 7 865 8 -- 27 -- 376 Black walnut 223 -- 55 5 -- -- on 163 Willow 57 -- 17 -- -- -- -- 40 Boxelder 40 -- -- -- -- 35 5 = Hackberry 158 -- 93 6 -- -- -- 59 Sycamore 69 -- _ == ees Ate <a 69
Other hardwoods OEE ee lO Total 3,739 129 1,514 35 94 325 8 1,634
122
Table 97.--Annual mortality of sawtimber on commercial forest land by species group
2/tnternational Iy-inch rule.
(In thousand board feet )L/
and cause, Kansas, 1980
Table 98.--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on commercial forest land by ownership class and softwoods and hardwoods, Kansas, 1980
Cause All Unknown SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 157 -- -- -- -- -- 157 = Total 157 -- -- -- -- -- 157 = HARDWOODS
Bur oak 484 -- 119 21 -- 28 -- 316 Select white oak 247 -- 93 -- 133 -- -- 21 Other white oak 91 -- -- 23 _ — oe 68 Select red oak 660 -- 356 -- -- 174 -- 130 Other red oak 1,145 -- 624 -- -- 292 ex 229 Select hickory 71 -- 26 -- -- -- = 45 Other hickory 34 -- 34 -- = =o oH = Pecan == a = -- oe -- oe _ Hard maple -- -- -- == ai a ok Ses Soft maple 56 -- -- -- oc == ap 56 Ash 716 =- 89 -- -- 48 -- 579 Cottonwood 2,651 614 371 -- 332 459 -- 875 Basswood -- -- -- -- == _ a2 = Elm 4,295 30 2,944 -- -- 126 -- 1,195 Black walnut 773 =e 135 26 -- -- -- 612 Willow 85 -- 85 -- -- -- _ se Boxelder -- -- -- -- I 2S ore ou Hackberry 599 -- 397 30 -- -- _ 172 Sycamore 195 -- -- -- -- == ae 195 Other hardwoods 60 -- -- -- == es ae 60
ie ie VS GhOWINGLStock Fite Sawtimber All All Ownership class species Softwoods Hardwoods species Softwoods Hardwoods - - - Thousand cubic feet- - - - - - - - Thousand board feet2/ --- National Forest -- -- -- -- -- -- Miscellaneous federal 36 -- 36 127 -- 127 Indian -- -- -- -- -- -- State -- -- -- -- == =o County and municipal -- -- -- -- -- -- Farmer 2,027 28 1,999 7,104 157 6,947 Misc. private 1,704 -- 1,704 5,088 -- 5,088 All owners 3,767 28 3,739 12,319 157 12,162
{/international Wy-inch rule.
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130
Table 106.--All live tree biomass weight by species group and tree biomass component, Kansas, 1981
(In green tons)
Biomass component
Growing stock Cull All 1- to 5-inch Tops and Tops and Species group components trees Boles limbs Boles limbs SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 327,473 185,195 76,966 39,582 16,506 9,224 Total 327,473 185,195 76,966 39, 582 16,506 9,224 HARDWOODS Bur oak é 4,195,728 94,805 2,185,284 1,090,531 501,823 323,285 Select white oak 3,063,270 208, 450 1,240,484 603,806 645,782 364,748 Other white oak 1,602,916 302,447 722,386 337,549 149,595 90,939 Select red oak 2,940,607 127,093 1,626,511 806,614 199, 869 180,520 Other red oak 1,951,281 113,136 995,059 513,525 194,493 135,068 Select hickory 1,276,927 214,208 636,484 296,069 76,937 53,229 Other hickory 926,926 207,121 429,551 199,223 58,796 32,235 Pecan 633,788 55,007 325,064 158,518 59,919 35,280 Hard maple 246, 808 80,305 100,799 51,224 9,013 5,467 Soft maple 1,069,121 37,415 568,119 280,018 98,492 85,077 Ash 4,063,618 643,970 1,798,134 950,412 395,050 276,052 Cottonwood 6,758,532 42,901 4,089,652 1,992,493 350,178 283 , 308 Basswood 386,444 71,834 160,590 78,287 45,154 30,579 Elm 4,249,130 1,675,863 954,679 460,438 716,885 441,265 Black walnut 3,756,931 462,570 1,810,684 897,619 359,420 226,638 Willow 847, 383 70,076 363,096 182,509 129,187 102,515 Boxelder 1,390,074 181,341 325,485 161,496 412,301 309,451 Hackberry 5,858,598 897,608 2,696,133 1,312,562 589,163 363,132 Sycamore 1,035,946 36,229 621,590 293,367 45,665 39,095 Other hardwoods 4,082,630 897,973 1,065,951 520,732 967,516 630, 458 Noncommercial species 2,613,645 1,077,736 -- -- 1,013,171 522,738 Total 52,950, 303 7,498,088 22,715,735 11,186,992 7,018,409 4,531,079 All_species 53,277,776 7,683,283 22,792,701 11,226,574 7,034,915 4,540,303
Table 107.--All live tree biomass volume by species group and tree biomass component, Kansas, 1981
(In thousand cubic feet)
Biomass component
Growing stock Cull All 1- to 5-inch Tops and Tops and Species group components trees Boles limbs Boles limbs SOFTWOODS Eastern redcedar 17,701 10,010 4,160 2,140 892 499 Total 17,701 10,010 4,160 2,140 892 499 HARDWOODS Bur oak 368, 784 34,164 179,043 89,298 40,528 25,751 Select white oak 109,230 PAST 43,999 21,433 23,271 13,370 Other white oak 56, 862 10,384 25,633 11,992 5,449 3,404 Select red oak 103,985 4,364 56,954 28,258 7,408 7,001 Other red oak 68,077 3,829 34,501 17,850 6,940 4,957 Select hickory 44,514 7,249 22,187 10, 323 2,783 1,972 Other hickory 32,220 7,009 15,003 6,961 2,087 1,160 Pecan 27,992 2,290 14,413 7,030 2,677 1,582 Hard maple 9,386 3,022 3,846 1,956 349 213 Soft maple 46,315 1,615 24,462 12,060 4,322 3,856 Ash 174,828 27,287 77,186 40,845 17,208 12,302 Cottonwood 294,105 1,818 177,508 86,499 15,405 12,875 Basswood 19,326 3,556 * 8,028 3,915 2,275 1,552 Elm 167,526 65,145 37,546 18,117 28,636 18,082 Black walnut 136,037 16,867 65,030 32,282 13,254 8,604 Willow 36,529 2.917 15,540 7,815 5,658 4,599 Boxelder 66,021 8,280 15,350 7,619 19,703 15,069 Hackberry 250,191 37,361 115,285 56,136 25,467 15,942 Sycamore 41,662 1,456 24,869 11,739 1,907 1,691 Other hardwoods 174,256 37,481 45,228 22,111 41,738 27,698 Noncommercial species 110,226 44,859 -- -- 43,067 22,300 Total 2,338,072 328,110 1,001,611 494 ,239 310,132 203,980 All_species 25359 073 338,120 1,005,771 496,379 311,024 204,479
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132
Table 108.--Removals ,—
1/ net annual growth, and inventory
of growing stock on commercial forest land, Kansas, 1981 and low removals option projections2/ to 2011.
(In million cubic feet)
All_species
Year Removals Growth Inventory 1981 14.0 23.2 711.3 1991 16.0 32.2 845.8 2001 21.1 35.0 1,001.7 2011 25.8 31.4 1,098.2
Table 109.--Removals ,—
/Timber removals include volume "lost" due to land clearing, flooding, thinning, or changes in land use, in addition to timber cut and used.
2/gased on the following assumptions: (a) that the overall removals rate will be lower than that for the high removals option; (b) that the annual removals rates will differ for each 5-year period but that tim- ber removals will increase at an average annual rate of 2.766 percent; (c) that the area of commercial for- est land will decline but at an insignificant rate; (d) that radial growth will decline over time in relation to the increase of basal area per acre of trees; (e) that the intensity of forest management practised will continue at the rate indicated by recent trends; and (f) that the volume of "other" removals will drop during the period as more of these trees are utilized.
1/
net annual growth, and inventory of growing stock on commercial forest land, Kansas, 1981 and high removals option projectionsé/ to 2011.
(In million cubic feet)
All_species
Year Removals Growth Inventory 1981 14.0 23.2 711.3 1991 18.7 32.1 830.8 2001 27.2 35.5 944.7 2011 Sher 34.4 969.3
1/Timber removals include volume "lost" due to land clearing, flooding, thinning, or changes in land use, in addition to timber cut and used.
2/gased on the following assumptions: (a) that the overall removals rate will be higher than that for the low removals option; (b) that the annual removals rates will differ for each 5-year period but that tim- ber removals will increase at an average annual rate of 5.338 percent; (c) that the area of commercial for- est land will decline but at an insignificant rate; (d) that radial growth will decline over time in relation to the increase of basal area per acre of trees; (e) that the intensity of forest management practised wil] continue at the rate indicated by recent trends; and (f) that the volume of "other" removals will drop during the period as more of these trees are utilized.
Table 110.--Sampling errorsl/ for estimates smaller than the State totalsé/ of volume, net growth,
removals, and area of commercial forest land, Kansas, 1981
Sampling Commercial meee Growing sStoc kuuiy imueveay eae SaWEMDE RE), aaa ke, error forest area Inventory Growth Removals Inventory Growth Removals Thousand 3
Percent acres - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - Million board feet2/ --- 1 7,250.4 8,813.5 825.4 4,046.0 46,135.7 3,349.3 21,493.3
2 1,812.6 2,203.4 206.3 1,011.5 11,533.9 837.3 5, 3733
3 805.6 979.3 91.7 449.6 5,126.2 372.1 2,388.1
4 453.2 550.8 51.6 252.9 2,883.5 209.3 1,343.3
5 290.0 352.5 33.0 161.8 1,845.4 134.0 859.7
10 72.5 88.1 8.3 40.5 461.4 33.5 214.9 15 32.2 39.2 Sod 18.0 205.0 14.9 95.5 20 18.1 22.0 Bei 10.1 115.3 8.4 53.7 25 11.6 14.1 1.3 6.5 73.8 5.4 34.4 50 2.9 S3L) 0.3 1.6 18.5 133 8.6 100 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.4 4.6 0.3 2.1
MU pt the 68-percent probability level. 2/ sampling errors for State totals are shown in the accuracy section of the Appendix. 3/ International Ya-inch rule.
Table 111.--Sampling errorst/ for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit total s</ of volume, net growth,
removals, and area of commercial forest land, Northeastern Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
Sampling Commercial Growing Stock ee Lie Wee OAWE MDE Rs ts LL mie.
error forest area Inventory Growth Removals Inventory Growth Removals Thousand 3/
Percent acres - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - Million board feet— - - -
4 367.0 -- -- -- -- -- --
5 234.9 292.8 -- -- -- -- --
10 58.7 73.2 6.3 -- 384.3 23.4 --
15 26.1 32.5 2.8 -- 170.8 10.4 --
20 14.7 18.3 1.6 -- 96.1 5.8 --
25 9.4 11.7 1.0 -- 61.5 Sy) --
50 2.3 2.9 0.3 1.7 15.4 0.9 9.5
100 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.4 3.8 0.2 2.4
Ve the 68-percent probability level. 2/sampling errors for Survey Unit totals are shown in the accuracy section of the Appendix. 3/ International Wa-inch rule.
133
Table 112.--Sampling errorst/ for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit totals</ of volume, net growth, removals, and area of commercial forest land, Southeastern Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
Sampling Commercial Growing Stock oo ee Sawblmbe ny ines
error forest area Inventory Growth Removals Inventory Growth Removals Thousand 3/
Percent acres - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - Million board feet - - -
4 413.3 -- -- -- -- -- --
5 264.5 -- -- -- -- -- --
10 66.1 69.5 Ue -- 338.3 26.8 --
15 29.4 30.9 3.3 -- 150.4 11.9 --
20 16.5 17.4 1.8 -- 84.6 6.7 --
25 10.6 Hale Aes? -- 54.1 4.3 --
50 2.6 2.8 0.3 2.0 135 ail 10.0
100 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.5 3.4 0.3 ols)
Vag the 68-percent probability level. 2/ sampling errors for Survey Unit totals are shown in the accuracy section of the Appendix. 3/ International Ya-inch rule.
Table 113.--Sampling errorse/ for estimates smaller than the Survey Unit totals</ of volume, net growth,
removals, and area of commercial forest land, Western Survey Unit, Kansas, 1981
Sampling Commercial Growing Stock eeu SOON CIID C Ree naeaeeaeewe error forest area Inventor Growth Removals Inventor Growth Removals Thousand 3/ Percent acres - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - Million board feet - - - 10 129.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 15 57.7 PPS -- -- 563.1 -- -- 20 3235 64.8 -- -- 316.7 7.0 -- 25 20.8 41.4 2.5 -- 202.7 4.5 -- 50 52 10.4 0.6 1.6 50.7 1.1 4.8 100 13 2.6 0.2 0.4 12.7 0.3 a2
Vat the 68-percent probability level. 2/ sampling errors for Survey Unit totals are shown in the accuracy section of the Appendix. 3/ International Ya-inch rule.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1984-565-331/10096
134
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Spencer, John S., Jr.; Strickler, John K.; Moyer, William J.
Kansas forest inventory, 1981. Resour. Bull. NC-83. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Ex- periment Station; 1984. 134 p.
The third inventory of the timber resource of Kansas shows a 1.4- percent increase in commercial forest area and a 42-percent gain in growing-stock volume between 1965 and 1980. Text and statistics are presented on area, volume, growth, mortality, removals, utilization, bi- omass, and future timber supply.
KEY WORDS: Area, timber volume, growth, mortality, removals.