RERUM BRITANNICARUM MEDII M\l SCRIPTORES, OR HRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES. 9875. THE CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES. PrBT,TSHKTl BY THE AUTHORITY OF HER MAJESTY'S TRRASFRT. T'NPER THF mrfVPTTON OF TTTF MASTER OF TTTF FAT T t On the 26tli of Jaiuiary 1857, the Master of the Rolls submitted to the Treasury a proposal for the publication of materials for the History of this Country from the Invasion of the Romans to the Reign of Henry VIII. Tlie Master of the Rolls suggested that tliese materials should be selected for publication under competent editors without reference to periodical or chronological arrangement, without mutilation or abridgment, prefer- ence being given, in the first instance, to such materials as were most scarce and valuable. He proposed that each chronicle or historical docu- ment to be edited should be treated in the same way as if the editor were engaged on an Editio Princeps ; and for this purpose the most correct text should be formed from an accurate collation of the best MSS. To render the work more generally useful, the Master of the Rolls suggested that the editor should give an accoimt of the MSS. employed by him, of their age and their peculiarities; that he should add to the work a brief account of the life and times of the author, and any remarks necessary to explain the chronology ; but no other note or comment was to be allowed, except what might be necessary to establish the correctness of the text. a 2 4 The works to be published in octavo, separately, as they were finished ; the whole responsibility of the task resting upon the editors, who were to be chosen by the Master of the Eolls with the sanction of the Treasury. The Lords of Her Majesty's Treasury, after a careful consideration of the subject, expressed their opinion in a Treasury Minute, dated February 9, 1857, that the plan recommended by the Master of the HoUs '' was well calculated for the accomplislmient of this important national object, in an effectual and satisfactory manner, within a reasonable time, and provided proper attention be paid to economy, in making the detailed arrange- ments, without unnecessary expense." They expressed their approbation of the proposal that each chronicle and liistorical document .should be edited in such a manner as to represent mth all possible cor- rectness the text of each writer, derived from a collation of the best MSS., and that no notes should be added, except such as were illustrative of the various readings. They suggested, however, that the preface to each work should contain, in addition to the particulars proposed by tlie Master of the Rolls, a biographical account of the author, so far as authentic materials existed for that purpose, and an estimate of his historical credibility and value. Bolls House, Deremher IHoT. ixy U ftLil yvAi'elpfc Voti xtvecp -j p' jrav ■S-p eft "T if l^^'^^^^^^' |^oTi-mxe&''iic vipHe--^IIfon|>a hot-cu j^'uchoman 'Tip IftiP-arv Ha^ onprtjii?- "itf-Wmi^ njiKnucl n lol'o e _ ^ ^ lortvvn '^^|iiipe-^n"li'a TO&^Toyonmt- m.\K. -ipic ir,rnwciii¥-^ Wile Urn ^nim nii^lnnimciA.^cnil'lim \ -1 ncvne roftcu) • ^ip-hti ptfem Tmvro o bjvfn i^va. MS. RE<3. 12. D.XYIX. fol .'53d LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, STARCRAFT EAELY ENGLAND. A COLLECTION OF DOCUMENTS, FOR THE MOST PART NEVER BEFORE PRINTED, ILLlIbTllATIXG THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE IN THIS COUNTRY BEFORE THE NORMAN CONQUEST. COLLECTED AND EDITED i;y TIIK REV. OSWALD COCKAYNE, M.A. CANTAB. VOL. II. PUBLISHED BV THK AUTIlOlUTY OF TIIK LOKUS COMMISSIOXKKS OF UEU MAJESTY'S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIREUTIONT OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. LONDON: LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBERTS, AND GREEN. iS6o. D^ 2. /r nd.3S V. 2 , Trill ted by EiKli and Spottiswoode, Her Majesty's Prinlefj For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. CONTENTS. Page Preface - - - - - - vii Leech Book. Book I. - - - - 1 Book II. ...... 158 Book III. - - - - 300 Glossaky - - - - - -361 Index of Pkoper Names - - - - 415 PREFACE. PREFACE. No historical records are complete without the usual chapter on Manners and Customs ; and the true scholar never feels himself well in possession of the I'equisite knowledge of the past age, till he has so learnt its time honoured tale, as to apprehend in a human and practical sense those feelings which made its super- stitions plausible, its heathenism social, its public institutions tend, in the end, to the general welfare. The Saxons have not been more fortunate than others in their appreciation by us, self satisfied moderns. They have been, and still .are, I believe, commonly regarded as mangy dogs, whose success against the Keltic race in this country was owing chiefly to their starved condition and ravening hunger. The children protest that, positively, as they know from their most reUable handbooks, these roving savages stuffed their bellies mth acorns, and the enlightened literati and dilettanti begrudge them any feeling of respect for their queens and ladies, or any arts such as befit our " Albion's " glorious isle " under an Encflish kino-. The work now published for the first time, and from a unique manuscript, will, if duly studied, afford a large store of information to a very difierent effect, and show us that the inhabitants of this land in Saxon times were able to extract a very fair sliaie of comfortable food, and healing medicines, and savoury drinks directly or indirectly from it. Many readers Vlll PREFACE. will be glad to see drawn together into one the scat- tered notices which occur most plentifully here, and occasionally elsewhere, upon this matter. At his noon meat or dinner, at the Itova nona, or ninth hour of the day,^ for the word noon has now changed its sense, the Saxon spread his table duly and suitably with a table cloth.^ He could place on it for the entertainment of his family and household, the flesh of neat cattle,*' now Normanized, as Sir Walter Scott has made familiar to all, into beef, the flesh of sheep,* now called mutton, of pig, of goat,*" of calf,^ of deer, especially the noble hart,*^ of wild boar," the pea- cock, swan, duck,' culver or pigeon,^ waterfowl, barn- door fowl,'^ geese, '° and a great variety of wild fowl, which the fowler caught with net, noose, birdlime, birdcalls, hawks, and traps ;'^ salmon, eels, hake, pil- chards, eelpouts,^- trout, lampreys, herrings, sturgeon, oysters, crabs, periwinkles, plaice, lobsters, sprats,^^ and so on.^* The cookery of these viands was not wholly contemp- tible. It was entrusted to professors of that admired art,^'^ who could, though their accomplishments have been neglected by the annalists, put on the board oyster patties, ^*^ and fowls stuffed with bread and such worts as parsley.''^ Weaker stomachs could have light ' Horn. II. 256. Also Seo vunne aJjyjTjiobe.vpam mibbaej;^' o'iS non, JI.II. 158 a, The mm was darkened from midday tdl noon. Even here our dictionaries blunder. - Beobcla'5, vE.G. 8,lincol. Myj'c hjiBegel, I>ye. * Lb. II. vii., etc. ' Coll. Monasticon, p. •!{). ■- Lb. II. xvi. " Coll. Mon. p. ±1. ■ Lb. IL xvi. "■■ Lb, II. XXX. 2. ' DD. 504 ; Lb. II. xvi. 2, '" Lb. II. xvi. 2, " Coll. Mon. p. 25. '- Young eels (Kersey). '■' Sppoccas not in the dictionaries. JJcsides two passages in which it occurs, reserved for reasons which readers of the Shrine will under- stand, it occurs Coll. Mon. p. 23. See French Celerin, Selerin ; the MS. has Salin. ' ' Coll. Mon. pp. 23, 24. '' Coll. Mon. p. 29. '" Lb. II. xxiii. "Lb. HLxii. PTIEFACE. IX food, chickens,' giblets, pigs trotters,^ eggs, broth, various preparations of milk, some of the nature of junkets.'*' From some of their drawings, their cookery of meat seems to have been more Homeric^ than Roman or modern English, for we see portions of meat brought up on small spits, all hot, to the table. All food that required it was sweetened with honey, before men had betaken themselves to sugar. For fruits, we know they had sweet apples,''' which are not indigenous to England, pears, peaches,*^ medlars, plums, and cherries. Saxons, thus well provided with eatables, could satisfy thirst with not a few good and savoury drinks ; with beer, with strong beer, with ale, with strong ale, with clear ale, with foreign ale, and with what they called twybrowen, that is, double brewed ale, a luxury, now rare, and rare too then probably.'' These ales and beers were, of course, to deserve the name, and as wo learn from many passages of the present publi- cation, made of malt, and some of them, not all pro- l>ably, were hopped.^ I have sufficiently, in the Glos- sary,^ established that tlie hop plant and its use were known to the Saxons, and that they called it by a name, after which I have inquired in vain among hop growers and hop pickers in Worcestershire and Kent, the Hymele.'" The hop grows wild in our hedges, male and female, and the Saxons in this state called it the hedge hj^mele ; a good valid presumption that they knew it in its fertility. Three of the Saxon legal deeds ' As before. - Lb. II. i. ^ Gl. ylecan. •• Kai a./x(p' o^eXoKTiv tQrjKav. ' Mylsee asppla, Lb. II. xvi. " Persocas, Lb. p. 176 ; Lacn. 89 ; AiSa|. .31. • Lb. T. xlvii. .1. ^ Hb, Ixviii. " See also Preface, Vol. I. p. Iv. '" I find Ymele, fem., gen -an, for a roll, scroll, volumen. The Ilymele is in glossaries frequently Voliihilis ; and the two suggest a derivation for either from Ymbe = 'Aficpi, so that Ilvmele means coiler. X PREFACE. extant refer ^ to a liide of land at Hymel-tim in Wor- cestershire, tlie land of the garden hop, and as tun means an enclosure, there can he not much doubt that this was a hop farm. The bounds of it ran down to the hymel brook, or hop plant brook, a name which occurs about the Severn and the Worcestershire Avon in other deeds. One of the unpublished glossaries affords the Saxon word Hopu, Hojos,^ and Hopwood in Worcestershire doubtless is thence named. Perhaps, to explain some testimonies to a more recent impor- tation of hops, it may be suggested that, as land or sea carriage of pockets of hops from Worcestershire to London or the southern ports was difficult, the use of the hop was long confined to that their natural soil, while the Kentish hops may be a gift from Germany. A table is well enough furnished where the flagons are filled with good malt liquor ; it is flat heresy, they say, to discover mischief in University " particular :" but, notwithstanding, the Saxons drank also mead, an exhilarating beverage, which from its sweetness must have been better suited to the palates of the ladies, and which was of an antiquity far anterior to written or legendary history. They had also great store of wines, which they distinguished by their qualities, as clear, austere, sweet, rather than by their provinces or birth. They made up also artificial diinks, oxymel, hydromel, mulled wines, and a Clear drink, or Claret/"^ of the nature of those beverages which are now called cup. Salt, which is an indispensable condiment to civilized man, they obtained from Cheshire and Worcestershire, where they had furnaces for the evaporation of the ' CD. 209, 080, lOGG. 1 lleve them to be the hloKSoms of - " Lygistra hopu," Gl. Cleop. privet. f. 57 a. Ligustra, though known to ^ See the Glossary in jMuttoji every ear, by the line Alba ligustra bpenc. caduut, were long doubtful ; we be- I PREFACE. XI brine.^ Salt fm* salted meats,- which also were quite familiar to them, might be got from the saltpans on the sea shore. The dishes, on which their meats were served, were sometimes of silver,^ nor was this esteemed a high distinction.'^ The vessels from which they drank were sometimes of glass f and those they had also transpa- rent in quality.'^' The supply upon the tables of a chief- tain, who had many retainers, was abundant, and not over studious of luxury and refinement.' When not engaged in war or hunting, the princes thought a good deal of their gormandize.^ Festive assemblies were more frequent than among other races of men ; they were duly ordered, and attended by gleemen, from whose lips the honeysweets of song flowed readily and freely, and whose reward came from the munificence of the prince. The feasts not rarely lasted through the night.*' In the monastic colloquy, an exercise for students, who were to be "bilingues," capable of conversing in their own language and in that of Rome, which is, therefore, quite destitute of artifice or ambition, a boy is asked what he has to eat. His reply i^^, worts (that is, kitchen herbs), fish, cheese, butter, beans, and flesh meats. He drinks ale, and, if he cannot get that, water, for he cannot afford wine. This is the daily diet of a boy under education in a monastery. Altogether, if the comfortable prejudices of modernism do not shut out trustworthy and contemporary testi- ' CD. 451. - Lb. p. 234, etc. ^ Discus argenteus regalibus epulis refertus, Becla, III. vi. * Est videre apud illos argentese vasa, legatis et pi'incipibus eorum muneri datse, non in alia vilitate quam qua; bumo finguntur. Tacitus, Germ. 5. ■' Calicem is translated slsej-yaer, Beda, p. 618, line 12. « C.E. 78, ult. ■ Epiilffi et, quanquam incompti, largi tamen adparatus, Tacit. Germ. 14. * Dediti somno ciboque. Tacit. Germ. 15. '■' Tacit. Germ. 22. xn PREFACE. mony the Saxons must be concluded to be very far removed from that pasturage upon the lierb of the field whicli was the regale of human innocence, and that feeding upon grass which was the doom of an arrogant Oriental king. They seem to dine like Eng- lishmen. The Saxon imported purple palls, and silk, precious gems, gold, rare vestments, drugs, wine, oil, ivory, ori- chalclium (a very fine mixed metal of gold and silver), brass, brimstone, glass, and many more such articles.^ Tin came by water from Cornwall. Their enterprise by sea was distinguished ; the}^ pursued the dangerous whale, and were known for their adventurous hostile landings upon the Gallic coasts before they had settled in this country.^ When the Saxons got possession of Britain, they found it, not such as Julius C?esar describes it, but cultivated and improved by all that the Romans knew of agriculture and gardening. Hence rue, hyssop, fennel, mustard, elecampane, southernwood, celandine, radish, cummin, onion, '"' lupin, chervil, flower de luce, flax probably, rosemary, savory, lovage, parsley, coriander, olusatrum, savine, were found in their gardens and available for their medicines. Among the foreign drugs, or the like, which are mentioned in this volume, we find mastich, pepper, galbanum, scamony, gutta ammoniaca, cinnamon, vermilion, aloes, pumice, quicksilver, brim- stone, myrrh, frankincense, petroleum,'* ginger. The Saxons and Engie for the supply of their tables, thus, as we have seen, abundantly supplied, kept herds of cattle. The agriculture was in great measure, with alterations adapted to the moister climate, and with improvements from lapse of time and from other coun- ' Col. Mon. p. 27. ■-' Ainmianiis Marcellinus, xxviii. ^ Ynneleac has for its first ele- ment a Latinism, unionem, onion. 'Lb. pp. 53, .'iT, 01, 101, 125 289,297. PREFACE. xm tries, Roman. Among them arable land was excellently cared for, much on the same method as we observe on the downs of Kent, the garden of England. By throw- ing a thousand small allotments into one great field, they were well rid of the encumbrance, the weeds, the birds, the boys going a birdnesting, and the repair of hedges or other fences. But the pasture land was not so well managed. The Romans, who had an elaborate machinery of aqueducts and irrigation, grew hay in their prata, or meadows, which were artificially supplied with water, and to get two crops a year, or three or four,' gave a large flow of that element to the soil. This, of course, had its inconveniences, herbs that thrive in wet came up stronger than the grass, especially horse- tail, and a " nummulus " with pods. They had an awk- ward inefiicient way of cutting the grass with a hook, held in the right hand only, and this was followed by a second operation, called sickling,^ to cut what the hooks had left. They tedded the hay, as is done now, by hand, with forks, ^ took care it should be dry enough not to ferment, leaving it in cocks,* and when ready carried it off to the farm,^ and stored it in a loft.^ Our forefathers here were able, from the frequent Hay. rains, to dispense for the most part with irrigation. They cut the hay with sithes,' the pattern of which was probably borrowed from the continental Kelts, '^ and, most naturally, by the subdued British before the settle- ment of the English, since they were relatives, spoke ' Interamnse in Umbria quater anno secantur etiam non rigua, Plin. xviii. 67=2S. 2 Sicilire ; Plin. as above, Varro, E.R. i. 19. 8 Furcillis. * Meta;. * Villa. " In tabulate. Sub tecto, Colu- mella, II. xix. VOL. II. ' Horn. II. p. 162. Also a Saxon drawing in MS. Cott. Tiber. B. v., where the painter has given straight handles to the sithes ; and has cer- tainly committed an error in draw- ing haymaking for August, and reaping for June. ** Galliarum latifundia maioris compendii, Plin. as above. XIV PREFACE, tlie language, and were in frequent communication with Gaul. They stored the hay in ricks ^ and mows,- where it was less likely to get mouldy than in the half close lofts of the Romans. But according to the Roman system little hay was prepared thus, there were legal impediments to ex- tending widely the formation of inclosed pasturage^, and we read often enough of feeding the cattle upon leaves, or rather on foliage.^ The man employed in procuring small boughs for his cattle was called Frondator.^ The greater part, by far, of Italian pasture land was common, overspread by bushes and trees, where the employment of herdsmen and shepherds was indispensable, and im- provement was almost impossible. Cattle thieves. In the same way, in early England, a grass fiekP is rarely heard of, while the law books are full of pre- cautions against cattle thieves, whose bad business was made easy by the threadmg commons and wide moors, along which a stolen herd could be driven, j)icking up subsistence on its way, and evading observation by keeping off the great roads. So much were the farmers pestered with cattle thefts, that the legislature required responsible witnesses to the transfer of such property, and would have it transacted in open market; it also invented a team ; that is to say, when Z, who has lost his oxen, found them and identified them in possession of A, the said A was bound by trustworthy witnesses to show that he had them lawfully from B ; B was then compelled to go through the same process, and to ' This word is not in the Saxon dictionaries, and I will not at pre- sent indicate the passage where it is to he found. Sa^ l^jL^juie^ eicXia. •-.x.'J / ...'I. /> ^ . hre^c , Oi^t^d. £ ■"^'Mugan, Exodus xxii. 6 " Quid maiora sequar ? Salices " humilesque genistae " Aiit ilia; pecori frondem aut " pastoribus umbram " SufEciunt." Virgil. Georgic. II. 434. " Hie ubi densas agricola; strin- " gunt frondes." Id. Eel. ix. 60. ' Virgil. Eel. I. 57. ^ Gaejjj^un. PREFACE. XV sliow that lie gave honest money for them to C ; thus a team or row of successive owners was unravelled till it ended in P, who had neglected to secure credible witnesses to his bargain ; or in Q, who bought them at a risky price from the actual thief Then Z recovered his cattle or their value.^ Under this legislation the chief difficulty of a loser was to trace the direction in which his cattle had been driven off, and the skill of the hunter in tracking the slot of the deer, helped to follow the foot prints of horse or sheep or ox.^ The less fertile parts of England are still patched by strips of common, or ways with grassy wastes skirting them, and the wanderer may often ramble by hedgerow elms mid hillocks green, among the primroses and violets, by ups and downs, through quagmires and over gates, from his furthest point for the day, till he nears the town and his inn. Elwes, the famous miser, could ride seventy miles out of London without paying turnpike. The Saxon herdsman watched the livelono- nie^ht.^ The Saxons also, like the Romans, fed their cattle, Cattle fed on sometimes, so as to make the notion familiar, with the ^^aves. foliage of trees. In his life of St. Cu6berht, the venerable Beda gives an account of a worthy Hadwald (Eadwald), a faithful servant of ^Iflced, abbess of Whitby, who was killed by falling from a tree.^ ^Ifric three hundred years afterwards telling the same story, gives us either from some collateral tradition, by writing may be, may be by word, or from his judgment of what was naturally the mans business at tree climbing, an account that this tree was an oak, and that he was feeding the cattle with the foliage, so that he was killed in discharge of his duty as herdsman.-'^ In the summer of 18G4< this ' DD. in many passages. ^ Ho^pec, Focppop. 3 Coll. Mon. p. 20. Tota nocte sto super eos vigilando propter fures. ■* Incautius in arborem ascen- dens deciderat deorsiun, Beda, 256, 22. 5 Horn. II. 150. b 2 XVI PREFACE. poor resource is said to have been used in some counties of England, notwithstanding the " great strides science " has made." Sheep. Sheep were driven to pasture by their shepherd with his dosrs. and at nis^ht were taken back home and fokled.' With goats, sheep provided most part of the milk and cheese consumed in early times ; cow butter is fre- quently named in this volume by way of distinction ; these smaller beasts were robbed of their milk from the teats between the hind legs. A Saxon calendar heads the month of May with a painting representing sheep and goats under the shepherds care. Swine. Swine w^ere entrusted to the swineherd, who pastured them in his masters woods, or on a customary per- centage of the stock,- in the woods of some other pro-. prietor. He had a perquisite, a sty pig out of the farrow, with another for his comrade or deputy, besides the usual dues of servitors.^ Boar hunting. A drawing of a purely Saxon type, in a Saxon manu- script, represents the hunting of the wild boar ; a thane, or as we say gentleman, on foot, has some wild pigs, bristly and yellowish brown, in view ; he carries a long boar spear, and his left hand rests on the hilt of his sword, which is to save his life, if the boar charges ; he is followed by an unarmed attendant, with a pair of dogs in a leash, and a hunting horn. The painter has probably assigned this drawing to the wrong month.'* Ilawliing. The same artist has drawn a Saxon gentleman out a hawking on horseback, with an attendant on foot, each provided with a haAvk; the wild fowl, ducks or teal, are in the picture, these the hawk dispatched ' Coll. :\ron. 20. - One tliirrl of very fat ones, one fourth, and one fifth of less fat. DD. p. 58. 'DD. p. 187. ■• September. To say this painting represents herding swine is a strange inaccuracy. No hand is raised to shake down mast. PREFACE. XVli quicldy, splitting their skulls with a stroke of his beak, A large bird, perhaps a heron, is introduced into the scene. Feather beds, with bolsters and pillows, were in use in Saxon times. ^ It seemed necessary to pave the way for an examina- England tion of the work now published by some such remarks ^^^' ^^^ ' as these, which are not all trite or matters of course ; in order that the minds of readers not very familiar with these early times might give the rest of our facts a readier acceptance. The entire scope and tenor of all that we possess in the way of home literature, laws, deeds, histories, poems, regarding these Angles and Saxons, implies a tolerable degree of civilization ; and many modem writers have persistently misrepresented their customs, and pretended to unloose the very bonds of society among them. I take leave to touch on one or two points, tending still to prepare us for the facts on the face of the present volume. Tacitus says that the German races were well pleased Coins, with Roman money, and that such coins as were of approved value, the milled edged, and the pair horse chariot stamped,^ had currency among them. In Eng- land the kings, great and small, learned to imitate on their own account the currency of Eome. Writers on the subject dwell upon this, and we are, in our mended age, ourselves guilty of this want of originality. Saxon pennies are common enough, but the numismatists say that they coined no gold, because no gold coins have been turned up. Saxon gold mancuses are mentioned in twenty different passages of manuscripts : they were not money of account, for we read of mancuses by weight ; and a will, nov/ in the hands of a zealous editor, settles the question by the following words : " Then let twenty hundred mancuses of gold be taken ' Gl. Soiun. p. 60 b, line 40. | - Serratos bigatosque. XVIU PREFACE. Herbalist learnino-. " and coined into mancuses ;" ^ that is, there was a gold coin of a determinate weight called a mancus, and coined in England. Suppose when the document is fairly be- fore us that this will turn out suspect ; suppose it be pronounced a forgery ; still we have Saxon authority for coininof wold mancuses, and at home. All works that touch the subject, know that there were in those times royal mints and royal moneyers. The Glossary appended to this work exhibits, from among a still wider list, a large number of names of herbs ; and materials exist for determining most of these to full conviction. The change of residence produced doubtless some confusion, by depriving the Saxons of spe- cimens of the trees and plants answering to their names. The Germanic races had not before their arrival here pushed down upon the Mediterranean ^hores, but we all know historically that they had not been confined to cold climates, and one very curious proof exists that in some instances the name they fixed on a plant was appropriate only to its aspect in warmer countries.^ It is true that the oak, beech, birch, hawthorn, sloe- thorn, bore native names, but elm,^ walnut, maple, holly,* are equally native names ; and, except the walnut, native trees. The cherry was brought to Italy by Lucullus, from Kspatrouj, Cerasus, a city of Cappadocia, where it was plentiful, and it has ever borne the same name. The students of nature learn that many species of its Fauna, and also, though less so, of its Flora, can be traced to a single spot. Thus the peach, peppoc, ' panne mmpe (read nime) man tpencij; hunb mancufa golbep -] gemynerige to mancujan, HID. fol. 21 a. The transcript is not by any means cotemporary. 2 1 regret I cannot here explain this fully. ^ Not a Latinism. * Holen, which is originally an adjective, Hole5n,HoleSen, and even now so applied to Holn Wood on the banks of the Dart, near Ash- burton. Holej, Holly, is the ori- ginal substantive, C.E. 437, line 19. The old Latin name is Aqui- folius : the Ilex was glandiferous, the evergreen^ oak. PREFACE. ' xis Malum Persicum, was from Persia ; there is no other name for it but " the Persian apple/' For such as these it was impossible to have any other name ; they were fruit trees foreign to all but their own countrymen. The plum is a better sloe ; can be raised only by graft- ing, for seedlings are found to degenerate; which is also the case with the pear, having its native equivalent in the Pirus domestica, of Bewdley Forest. The syca- more, which has been alleged to prove the Latinism of the Saxons, is merely a maple. Yet the great influence which a Latin education, and scarce any in- struction in old English, has upon ourselves, is trace- able even among the Saxons : the true signification of some native names was passing away, and the plants supposed once to have borne them began to be known by some Roman denomination. For so common a plant as mint, seen in every running ditch, on every watery marge, there seems to be no name but that which is Hellenic, and Latin. The Germanic races, on the con- trary, were the original patrons of hemp ' and flax,^ as against wool. It is, however, with their reach over the material world, and their proficiency in the arts which turn it to mans convenience, after, and not before, their arrival in England, that we are now deal- ing ; and we maintain that a great part of what the Roman could teach, the Saxons, their successors, had learnt. The most cursory examination of the work now Book learning, before us will show that we are reading of a civiliza- tion such as the above details would lead us to ex- pect. Here a leech calmly sits down to compose a not unlearned book, treating of many serious diseases, and assigning for them something he hopes will cure them. In the Preface to the first volume it was ad- * Vol. I. p. X. note. ^Feminae saepius lineis amictibus utuntur. Tacitus, Germ. 17. XX PREFACE. The maau- script. mitted that Saxon leeches fell short of the daring skill of Hellas, or the wondrous success of the leading medical men of either branch in London or Paris. Notwith- standing that this is a learned book, it sometimes sinks to mere driveling, The author almost always rejects the Greek recipes, and doctors as an herborist. It will give any one who has the heart of a man in him a thrill of horror to compare the Saxon dose of brook- lime and pennyi'oyal twice a day, for a mother whose child is dead -within her,^ with the chapter in Celsus devoted to this subject, in which we read, as in his inmost soul, an anxious courageous care, and a sense of responsibility mixed with determination to do his utmost, which is, even to a reader, agitating.^ The volume consists of two parts ; a treatise on medicine in two books, with its proper colophon at the end, and a third of a somewhat more monkish character. The book itself probably once belonged to the abbey of Glastonbury, for a catalogue of the books of that foundation, cited by Wanley,^ contains the entry " Medicinale Anglicum," which is rightly interpreted, " Saxonice scriptum ;" and this book, rebound in 1757, has preserved on one of the fly leaves an old almost illegible inscription, " Medicinale Anglicum." Search has been made for any record of the books, Avhich, on the dissolution of the monasteries, might have found their way from Glastonbury to the Royal Library, but in vain. An earlier, the first, owner is pointed out in the colophon.^ Bald habet hunc librum, Gild quem conscribere iussit. ' Lb. p. 331. * Adhibenda curatio est, quce numerari inter difficillimas potest. Nam et summam prudentiam mo- derationemque desiderat, et maxi- mum periculum affert. Celsus, VII. xxix. =* Hickes, Tliesaur. Vol. II. Pra;f. ad Catalogum. * P. 298. PREFACE. XXI In this doggrel, Bald is the owner of the book ; we have no right to improve him into iESelbald ; Cild is, probably, the scribe ; some will contend, the author. In classical Latin no doubt would exist, conscribere would at once denote the composing of the work : but in these later dciys, when millions of foreigners learnt the Latin language as a means of interchange of thoughts, occasionally intruding their own "Gothic words, all such niceties of the ear went for nothing ; Cild might well be the mere penman. But then the mar- ginal tokens, and private memoranda, show that the work so written had passed either through the hands of the author, which from the use of private marks is probable, or through those of another leech, who was able to discover the sources of the authors information. Bald anywise may have been the author himself Let us give a few touches to the, as yet, bare outline q[\^_ of the penman Cild. The famous Durham book is a charming work of ancient Saxon art ; those who cannot inspect the original may see a copy of a piece of the ornamentation in the Gospel of St. Matthew, edited by the Rev. Joseph Stevenson, and published by the Surtees society. According to an entry of a later age in the book itself, not of doubtful authenticity, this exquisite piece of pattern work, which is a part of the writing, was the performance of EadfriS, bishop of Lindisfarne, who occupied that see from 698 to 721. It is of Irish tone, and like many other dignitaries this prelate had, very likely, completed his Christian educa- tion in the Isle of Saints. Cild was certainly not of the make and metal of a bishop, for the words " conscribere " iussit " forbid it ; Dunstan forefend ! It would be somewhat speculative to say, that in JSTorthumbria, A.D. 700, the art of writing was at a higher premium than afterwards. I will not venture to say it, but proceed upon surer data. One of the poems in the Exeter book, of uncertain date, but before the end xxii PREFACE. of the tenth century, mentions as a valued accomplish- ment the art of writing in fair characters.^ One can cunningly word speech write. w^lfric also himself in a sermon on Midlent Sunday, — " Oft one seeth fair letters awritten ; then extoUeth he " the writer and the letters, and wotteth not what they " mean. He who kenneth the diflference of the letters, " he extolleth the fairness, and readeth the letters, " and understandeth what they mean." Tlie honour remained to beautiful writing, but the writer did not stalk in so lofty a station. On the top margin of a page ^ of the Oxford copy of the Herd Book, or Liber Pastoralis, of King Alfred may be read these words, — piUimoc ppio ]?uf ob^e bet, that is, Willimot, lurite thus or hetter. A little further on,^ ppic ]?uf o^Se bet oS8e ];me hybe poplet, Write thus or hetter, or hid good hye to thy hide, that is, get a good hiding. In an Harleian MS.^ there is a bit of nonsense, but the same idea of a hiding is uppermost ; ppit ]?uf o'S^e bet pibe apeg. seljinseppattap ox ]>u Jjilc ppmjan selppic cilb ; Write tlius or hetter; ride away; ^Ifiiwrpattafox; thou wilt siuinge child uElfric. From these marginal scribblings it is plain that the penman had descended from his episcopal throne, to be a tipsy drudge, kept in order by the whip. Gild, " quem Bald conscribere " iussit," was nearer the whip than the crooked staff. ^^^^- The owner of the book, Bald, may be fairly presumed to have been a medical practicioner, for to no other • " Summse^ j-eapolice, " \>0]\b Cj'ibe jijiican." C.E.42,14. 2 Fol. 53 a. 3 Fol. 55 b. ' Harl. 55, fol. 4 b. PREFACE. xxiii could such a book as this have had, at that time, much interest. We see then a Saxon leech here at his studies; the book, in a literary sense, is learned ; in a professional view not so, for it does not really advance mans know- ledge of disease or of cures. It may have seemed by the solemn elaboration of its diagnoses to do so, but I dare not assert there is real substance in it. Bald, however, may have got some good out of it, he may have learned to think, have begun to discriminate, to take less for granted. Thus we see him in his study, among his books becoming, for his day, a more ac- complished physician ; and he speaks with a genuine philosophs zeal about those his books. " nulla mihi tam " cara est optima gaza Quam cari libri :" fees and stored wealth he loved not so well as his precious volumes. If Bald was at once a physician and a reader of learned books on therapeutics, his example implies a school of medicine among the Saxons. And the volume itself bears out the presumption. We read in two cases ^ that " Oxa taught this leechdom ;" in another ^ that " Dun " taught it ;" in another " some teach us ;" ^ in another an impossible prescription being quoted ;^ the author, or possibly Cild, the reedsman, indulges in a little facetious comment, that compliance was not easy. I assume that Oxa and Dun were natives, either of this country or of some land inhabited by a kindred people. Any way, we make out, undoubtedly, a bookish study of medicine; the Saxon writers, who directly from the Greek, or through the medium of a Latin translation studied Trallianus, Paulus of ^gina, and Philagrios, were men of learning not contemptible, in letters, that is, not to say in pathology. Some of the simpler treatment is reasonable enough ; the cure of hair lip^ contains a true > Lb. p. 120. 2 Lb. p. 292. ^Lb. p. 114. * Ibid. * Lb. L xiii. xxiv PREFACE. element; the application of vinegar with prussic acid^ for head ache is practical ; the great fondness for elecampane, Inula lieleniiiin, is parallel to the frequent employment, at the present day, of Arnica. But it would be vain to defend the prescriptions, some are altogether blunders, and the fashion of medical treatment changes so much that the prescriptions of Meade and Radcliffe are now- condemned as absurd. It suffices that Saxon leeches endeavoured by searching the medical records of foreign languages to qualify themselves for their profession. Age. The character of the writing fixes, as far as I venture on an opinion, this copy of the work to the former half of the tenth century ; some learned in MSS., who have favoured me v/ith an opinion, say the latter half, 960 to 980. My own judgment is chiefly based upon com- parison with books we know to have been written about 900. KingiElfred. The inquisitiveness of men at that period about the methods in medicine pursued in foreign countries is illustrated by the very curious and interesting citation from Helias, patriarch of Jerusalem.^ The account given has strong marks of genuineness. We will assume that King iElfred had sent to Jerusalem requesting from the patriarch some good recipes ; for it would be not in the manner of mens ordinary dealings for the head of the church in the Holy Land to obtrude upon a distant king any drugs or advice of the kind. He returns then a recommendation of scamony, which is the juice of a Syrian convolvulus, of gutta ammoniaca, a sort of liquid volatile salts, of spices, of gum dragon, of aloes, of galbanum, of balsam, of petroleum, of the famous Greek compound preparation called S>jpajt»j, and of the magic virtues of alabaster.^ These drugs are good in themselves, and such as a resident in Syria would naturally recommend to others. The present author > Lb. I. i. 10 and 12. I » On the Phoenician origin of this 2 Lb. p. 290. I -(vord, see SSpp. p. 285. PREFACE. XXV drew his information, we may fairly suppose, from that handbook which tlie king himself kept, in which were entered '• flowers, culled from what masters soever," " without method/'^ "according as opportunity^- arose/' and which at length grew to the size of a psalter; whence also most likely came in due time the voj^age of 0th- here. It is very much the custom of the jiresent swarm of critics to drag up every old author to their modern standard of truth, to peer into dates, to sift, and weigh, and measure, and in short, to put an old tale teller into the witness box of a modern court of justice, and there teaze and browbeat him because they cannot half under- stand his simple talk, nor apprehend how small mat- ters, in a truthful story, the exact day of the week and the twentieth part of a mile become. When one writer of the Middle Ages copies another there com- monly arises a want of clearness in marking the tran- sitions from the text of the old author to the words of him who cites him. But in this case all seems smooth ; the man named was patriarch of Jerusalem ; he was contemporaneous with King Alfred, and the drugs he recommended were sold in the Syrian drug shops, or apothek^. I am, therefore, well pleased to claim for this volume the publication in type of a new fact about the inquiring watchfulness of that illustrious ruler. Thus, Oxa, Dun, perhaps some others of the same Many sources, sort, and Helias, patriarch of Jerusalem, are sources of some of the teaching in this book. To these we may add a mixture of the Hibernian,'- and of the Scandinavian.^ Some of the recipes occur again in the Lacnunga and in Plinius Valerianus, who, from his motion* of the physician Constantinus, was later than ' Flosculos undecunque collectos a quibuslibet magitris, et in corpore unius libelli, mixiim quamvis, sicut tunc suppetebat recligerc,Asser. p. 57. - Lb. p. 10, 1, xlv. .5. 3 Lb. L xlvi., J. Ixx. Ixxi., IIL Iviii. •Fol. 14 b. 1.5 a. XXVI PREFACE. this work. Larsfe extracts and selections are made from the Greek writers. It is not to be expected that many will soon travel over the field of research which the present edition required, and it will be but fair to those who are examining the facts, to present them with, at least one passage as a specimen. Hep] Xvyi/.Sv. 'O \vyf/.o<; ylvtrai v; Zia. irX'/j pec a- ii/^ '/j 5*a Kevuo'iv, '/j ^pt[A,euv y^vjAuv ^aKvovroiv tov (TTOjWaj^ov. dii/ e'ji^efievTwy navercci. 'KOAA.ot Se Kot TO ^icc rZv Tpiuv neitepeuv /aovov Xa/3ovTe?, iav evOeat; iirnvici)(7iv olvov Xvtfivcnv. oti Se /cat iiacjiOeipovTei; Tjve? rpo(priv Xv'CiOvutv ruv yivuaKOfjiiveov io-Ti. kou piyuaravTeq Ze itoXXo) Xv^oticrjy. tjOteTov f^ev ovv evp'/iholen, Lb. I. xlvii. .3, Sa'S, p. .358; I'cob', p. 3.57. Ahpe- ol'eS, p. :r.)7 ; Blse'S, p. .",10. - Thus Sp)i£ec is feminine, fJe- I'ppxc, neuter. perliaps makes kneeholly neuter ; or else Tpa, is tivo parts. This remark slioukl have appeared in the Glossary. PREFACE. XXXvii appears as neuter ; Sibpsejic,' feminine. Hence the Codex Exoniensis prefers to write J? jrlsej'cliojib.- Numorals admit of a substantive in the sino-ular, so Numerals with tliat our traditional expressions, Twelvemonth, a Six '' ^'°''" ^'"" foot rule, he weighs Twelve stone, are correct accord- ing to ancient usage."' Distinction must be drawn be- tween masculineSj which had a plural in s, and feminines, as Night in Fortnight, or neuters, as in Five pound note. Twelve horse power, for these had in ancient time no s in the plural. Thus xii. mona];,'* ]?pie cuclep;' did not require remark : similarly rpejen fsetel]" yull ealaS,*"' nijantyne pmreji "j cjwjen mona]?," iv. mona]),^ and the MS. reading in Beowulf, 4342," may stand. Examples are not very rare in other works beside Idiomatic this Leeclibook, when of a set of words under one opposition, regimen, those that come last in order appear in the nominative, that is, in no regimen at all. Thus fopSpepbum Deuj'bebit; j-e Ajicebij'ceop, defuncto Deus- dedit archieiyiscopo}'^ Fejibe |>a fi^San • -j jejretce senne mpej'j'eppeoj'C policajipup jehaten • halij peji -j jfnocop,^^ which would be literally, Deinde 'pTofectus attulit 'pmshyterii')n, 'policarpus appellatus, vIt sanctus atque prudens. ba seteopbe j-ebaj-tianup on ypgepne anjie pubepan • lucma jecijeb ppi^e jepjzsefc man,'- which would ])e equivalent to, Tvmc apparuU Sehastianus in somnio viduro cuidam, Lucina nominata, homo valde ndigiosa. This, when it comes to be acknow- ledged generally, may be called Idiomatic ap])Osition. Harsh transitions in pronouns from plurals to sin- gulars, and back again, are not peculiar to this work ; ' Lb. p. 260, line 1. " OT, 256. - CE, 373, line 3. ■' So in Gemian. ' Lib. ni. xviii. ' Lb, I. xvi. 2. Tpybsel, Lb. T. i. 3, viii. 2, is a compound. Beda, 539. 23. ■* Beda, 564. 13. ■' Thorpe, 4355. '" Beda, p. 503. line 6, " MFT. 32 a. VOT-. Tf. d XXXVlll PREFACE, tliey are found in others of an earlier date, bearing episcopal names for their authors. I desire again to acknowledge many courtesies and kindnesses at Cambridge, Oxford, the Corpus Library, and that of the British Museum. 0. C. December, 180 4. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. *' Page 60, sect, xviii., line 2. for cican read cilian. Page 130, sect. Ix., line l.for fealye read j-ealj-e. Page 1 74, line 24. for momse read momse. Page 194, line W.for Taen read Tacn. ' Page 210, line 18. >• blobejj read blobej-. ' (^^^i^^■•'' i£B^ $y^-\c^r^ ; «?& a^^^-^^ ye^ia.... ' Page 224, sect, xxviii., line \.for ugepjie read uj-ejijie. Page 292, note 2. add, " they are possibly a corrupt representation of •' i€pa fioravt]." Page 324, sect, xxx., line 4. pubupeaxaii is one word. Page 349, line 29. 07401. Page 391, glossary, v. IJeaji. Cf. |^elanb gepojic ne sefjuccS monna aenigum Sajia '5e mimmins can heapne gehealban. (Fragments printed by Prof. Stephens.) The Wieland work will fad no man, who kennelh to wield biting Mimming, where the editor reads heapne as hoar. LEECH BOOK. VOL. II. [L^CE BOC.]^ fol. 1 a. .1. L^EE DOMAS - piD eallum untjiymnej-j-um heapbef "j hpanan ealley je liealfej' heajrbef ece cume • •j clsepnunja -j fpilmj pi 5 hjium -j jillifejium to heapbej' heelo • -j liu mon pcyle jebpocenep heapbey tihgean "j jip 'past bpsejen ut fie. :• .II. Lsecebomaj' piS eallum tiebejinej'j'um eajena • piS eajna mifce je ealbey je jeonjep mannep "j hpanan f cume -j pi]? pile "j piS eajna teapum -j pi8 pemme on eajum • pi5 repmselum • -j pp mon fupeje pie • pi^ poccef on eajum 'j piS jepijom -j pij? pyjvmum on eajum -j eajpealpa selcef cynnep. .ni. Lsecebomaf piS eallum eapena ece -j fape • yip eapena beape • "j piS ypelpe^ hlyfre • ^ jip pyjimap on eapan pyn -j pi]? eajiptcjan^ "j jip eajian bynien -j ea]i pealpe asleep cyimep. fol. 1 b. .nil. Lsececpseptap pi]? healpjunbe -j hu J7U meaht jecunman hp?e]?eji hit liealpjunb fie -j f fio abl ip tpejea cynna oj^ep on ]?am ^eajle o]?ep on ]?8e]ie Spotan pyptbpenc -j pealp pi}? ]?on • 'j ]n]? ceacena fpyle -j pi^ fpeojico]?e -j jeajlep fpyle. ' See II. xlii. contents. | ' Wanley reads eappicgaj-. The - This first page of the MS. has I text seems to my eyes to be as I suffered somewhat fi-om time and use. have given it; picsjan occurs I. ^ This reading makes hlyfc femi • I Ixi, 2. nine. See the text. ' MS. Reg. 12. I), xvii. LEECH BOOK.' i. Leeclidoms against all infii-mlties of the head, and Contents. whence comes ache of all or of the half" head,^ and cleansings and swilling against filth and ratten to the health of the head ; and how one must tend a broken head, and liov) if the brain be out. ii. Leechdoms against all tendernesses of the eyes, against mist of the eyes, either of an old or of a young man, and whence that comes, and against white spot and against tears of eyes, and against speck on eyes, against imminutions, and if a man be blear- eyed, against pocks on eyes, and against "figs/'* and against w^orms, or insects; and eye salves of every kind. iii. Leechdoms against all ache and sore of ears, against deafness of ears, and against ill hearing, and if worms be in the ears, and against earwigs, and if the ears din, and ear salves of every kind. iv. Leechcrafts against neck ratten,^ and how thou mayest ascertain whether it be neck ratten, and that the disease is of two sorts, either in. the jowl or in the throat, and a wort drink and a salve for that, and for swellings of the jaws and for quinsy, and for swelling of the jowl. ' See II. xlii. contents. I ' A disease so called, sties, wisps. ■ Or megrim (piniKpavia). i ' Probably from scrofula. ijniKpaviov. A 2 4 LiECE BOC. .V. Lsecebomaj" 5 if mannej' mu8 ]"a]i jne je tybjieb "j pi]? jeblejnabpe tunjan mu]> fealj: pi|> ]?oii ilcan. Pi8 fultim opoSe • III. l?ecebomap. .VI. Liecebomal" piS toj^psepce • "j ^'ly pypni to]? ete -j to]>pealpa • ept pi8 ]?ain iipejian ro]? ece -j piS ]7am ni]jeppan. :• .VII. Lsecebom jip mon blob lipsece. :• .VIII. Lsecebomap piS bloBce on -jphtan •j bpip pi]? j7on ilcan -j pealp ealpa peopep. :• .vim. Lsecebomap jip men ypne blob op nebbe ept blobpetena je on to bmbanne je on eape to bonne je liopfe je men ealpa* X. :• .X. Lfecebom pi]? jefnote • 'j yip jepoftim. .XI. Lsecebomap pi]? pajium peolopum. :• .XII. Lsecebom piS peam^ mu]?e -j piS ceolan fpyle* fol. 2 a. ]7py Isecebomap. :• .XIII. Lsecebom pi]? hseppceapbe. [XIV.] Lsecebom pi]? j-eaban.^ :■ [xv.] Lsecebomap piS lipol'ran hu he mi]"penlice on man becymS -j hu hip man tilian fcyle ^j pyptbpencaf pij? hpofran -j jn]? anjbpeofce *j bpyjum hpofcan enb- lepan C]ise}:tap. :• [xvi.] .xiiii. Lsecebomaf pi6 bpeof-c psepce • iiii. cjisepraf. [xvii.] .XV. Lsecebomap pi]? heoptpsepce • v. cpaep- taf. :• [xviii.] .XVI. Lsecebomap pi]? ]?am miclan 5ic]?an -j hu he cymS op acolobum majan o]?]?e to fpi"Se hatum o^Se op to micelpe pylle o]?}?e Isepnepj-e o]?]?e op ypelpe psetan plitenbpe -j hu hif mon tilian pcyle piS selc ]?apa. :• ' In text jjouum, for jiohum. [ - j-ea'San ; text. LEECH BOOK. T. 5 V. Leechdoms if a mans moutli be sore or made Contents. tender, and for a blained tongue, a mouth salve for tlie same. For foul breath ; three leechdoms. vi. Leechdoms for tooth ache, and if a worm eat the tooth, and tooth salves. Again for tlie upper tootli ache and for the nether. vii. Leechdom if a man break up blood. viii. Leechdoms for a blotch on the face, and brewit' for the same, and a salve. Four in all. ix. Leechdoms if blood run from a mans nose. Again blood stoppings, either to bind on or to put on the ear ; either for horse or man. Ten in all. X. Leechdom for snot and for poses.^ xi. Leechdoms for sore lips. xii. Leechdom for wry mouth and for swelling of tlie gullet. Three leechdoms. xiii. A leechdom for hair lip. [xiv.] A leechdom for xx6dcuv;c, watery fluctuations.'^ [xv.] Leechdoms against host ;* how it variously comes on man, and how a man shall treat it ; and wort drinks for host and for oppression on the chest and dry cough. Eleven receipts. [xvi.] xiv. Leechdoms for breast wark.^ Four re- ceipts. [xvii.] XV. Leechdoms for heart wark. Five re- ceipts. [xviii.] xvi. Leechdoms for the great hicket, and how it arises from a chilled stomach, or a much too hot one, or of too much fullness, or of leerness,^ or of evil wet ' wounding, and how a man shall treat it ; against each of them. ' The lomeiituin of the Roman women, a paste of pulse, generally of lentils ; women used it to im- prove their complexions, and it was eatable though unsavoury. ^ See II. xxxix. ' Host, couyh. pronounced with o short. • Wark is pain. " Einpline-is. - Colds in the head. i ' Humour^ L^CE BOC. [xix.] .XVII. Lfeceboma)- ]>ij; pla3tan -pejen sejjele. :• .XX. Lsecebomaj' yip j'culboji psepce • iii. cpreftaf. .XXI. LaBcebomaf pi^ j^sejie fpiSpan )'iban fape -j Jjsepe pmefrjian pyx cjiseptaj". :■ .XXII. La3cebomap pi8 lenbenece peopep. :• .XXIII. Lsecebomaf pi]? ]7eoliece tpejen -j an pi]? ]?on ■^ly ]?eoli plapan. fol. 2 b. . xxiiii. Lsecebomap pi]? cneop psepce *j jip cneop fap lie. r. .XXV. Lseceboma)' pi]> fcancena j-ape -j jip fcancan popabe fynb o]?]?e o]>ep I'lm peopep cp^eptaf 'j hu mon fpelcean pcyle. :• ^Eeadfino. .XXVI. LsBcebomaf pp fma pcpmce -j septep J»am fie pap oSSe fpelle oSSe jip monnep pot ro hommum fcpimme "j fcpmce "j jip fmo clseppette -j cpacije eallep peopep cpfepraf. :• .XXVII. Lsecebomaf pi]? potece o}?]?e o]?pep limep o]?]?e pota jefpelle pop miclan janje • VI. cpa3p[ta]']. :• .XXVIII. Lac?eboma]' pi]? ban ece "j pealp "j bpenc }?py cpseptap }?8ep pynb. :• .xxviiii. Lsecebomaf jip mannej' jerapa beo]? fape o]?]?e a}>unbene ]?py cpseptap. :• .XXX. Lsecebomaf pi}> secelman -j pi]? Son Se men acale ]?se'c pel op ]?am pottim. :• .XXXI. Lsecebomap pi}? selcum lieajibum J'lnje o})]?e fpyle o]?]?e jefpelle -j pi]? selcpe ypelpe fpellenbpe psetan ■j pi]?innan jepyjifmebum jefpelle ]?am ]?e pyp'S op pylle oSSe op pleje o]?]?e op hpypca^ hpilcum -j pi]> fpiSe fol. 3 a. pseplicum fpylurn 'j pi]? beabum fpyliim "j pealpse -j bpencaf -j fpe\>m^e -j bse}? pi}? eallum lichoman fpylum ealpa Iseceboma tpam Isep ]?piti3. :• ' Text hpicj-ca : read hpicj-a ? LEECH BOOK. \. 7 [xix.] xvii. Leechdoms against nausea. Two noble Contents. ones. XX. Leechdoms against shoulder wark. Three re- ceipts. xxi. Leechdoms for sore of the right side and of the left. Six receipts. xxii. Leechdoms for loin ache. Four. xxiii. Leechdoms for thigh ache, two ; and one in case the thighs be benumbed.^ xxiv. Leechdoms for knee wark, and if the knee be sore. XXV. Leechdoms for sore of shanks, and if shanks be broken, or another limb. Four receipts, and how a man shall apply splints to it. xxvi. Leechdoms if a sinew shrink, and after that be sore or swell, or if a mans foot shram ^ to the hams and shrink, and if a sinew have pulsation and quake. In all four receipts. xxvii. Leechdoms for foot ache or swelling of another limb or of the feet, by reason of much travel. Six receipts. xxviii. Leechdoms for leg ache, and a salve, and a drink. There are three receipts for it. xxix. Leechdoms if a mans tools be sore or swollen. Three receipts. XXX. Leechdoms against chillblain, and in case that for a man the skin of the feet be chilly. xxxi. Leechdoms for every hard thing or swelling or tumour, and for every evil swelling humour and tumour purulent within, such as groweth of a fall or of a blow or of any crick, and for very sudden swellings and for dead swellings without sensation, and salves and drinks and swathings and baths for all swellings of the body. Of all these leechdoms thirty less by two {tiventy-eight). ' Exactly, incapable of rmiscular ] '■' Be drmvn up. actiov. I 8 L^CE BOC. .XXXII. Lsecebomaf picS J;am yj-'lan blaece hu man ]?a fealjra -j ba})u ^j bpencay pi]; Son pypcean pcyle -j pij; hpeopum lice *j piS abeabebum lice bpej? "j fealpa pi J? ]jon • btej? -j pealpa "j bpencaf pi)? I^am miclan lice -j fpile eallep piptyne Isecebomaf. .XXXIII. LEecebomap ^ bjiencaf -j yealpa *j [onjlejua pi]? fppmje je abeabebum je unbeabebum • viii. cptep- •caf. .XXXIV. Lsecebom jip nsejl fy op lianba -j pi]? an^- nsejle -j pi]? peapjbjiseban. :• .XXXV. Lsecebomap micle *j sepele be afpeajitebum "j abeabebum lice "j hpanan fio abl cume *j bu hi]'^ mon rilian pcyle jTp f lie to ]?on lpi]?e abeabije f ]?8e]i jepelnep on ne fy • -j liu mon ]? beabe blob apej penian pcyle • -j jip litm mon Itm opceojipan fcyle oSSe pyji onpecran hu f mon bon scyle • bjupaj- ^j bpenceaj' ■j pealpa pi]? ]?8e]ie able. :• . XXXVI. Lsecebomap piS ]?8ejxe able ]?e mon hast cipcul fol. 3 h. a.bl bpip "j bjiencaf *j pealpa ]>8et ip fpi]?e pjieonu" abl *j hep pej]? hpilcne mete oJ?]?e bjiincan mon fcyle on ]?8epe able popjan. :• .XXXVII. LtEcebomap pi]? Son jtp mon ne mseje hip micjean jehealban -j ]??epe ^epealb naje 'j jip he ^e- mijan ne mseje *j jip he blobe vai-i^e • -j jlp ptp on ]?on tebpe fie • Xllll. Isecebomaf :• .XXXVIII. Lsececpgeptap -j boljpealpa -j bpencaf pi]? eallum punbum -j clfenfunjura on telce pipan je piS ealbpe punbe tobpocenpe *j jip ban bpyce on heapobe fie • "j piS liunbep j'lite • "j boljfealp piS lunjen able -j pi]? mnan punbe pealp • -j pealp jip ]?u paSe piUe lytle punbe lacnian -j jtp mon mib ipene jepunbob fie • oJ?J?e inib tjieope jeplejen • o]?pe inib frane -j ept fealpa jTp ' 111]- refers to lie. | - Read ipecnii. LEECH BOOK. T 9 xxxii. Leeclidoms against the evil lilotcli, how a man Contents. shall work salves and baths and drinks against it, and for a leprous body and for a deadened body, a bath and salves for them. Baths and salves and drinks for the mickle body, elephantiasis, and swelling. In all fifteen loechdoms. xxxiii. Leeclidoms and drinks and salves and ap- plications for pustules, either deadened or undeadened. Eight receipts. xxxiv. A leechdom if a nail be off a hand, and against angnails, and against warty eruptions. XXXV. Leeclidoms mickle and excellent for a swarth- ened and a deadened body, and whence the disease Cometh, and how a man shall treat it, if the body be deadened to that decjree that there be not feelinsf in it ; and how a man shall wean the dead blood away, and if it be desired to cut off a limb from the sick man or apply fire,^ how it shall be performed. Brewits'- and drinks and salves for the disease. xxxvi. Leechdoms for the disease which is called circle addle or shmgles ; brewit and drinks and salves. This is a very troublesome disease, and here saith (our book) what meat or drink a man shall in this disease forego. xxxvii. Leechdoms in case a man may not retain his mie,* and have not command of it, and if he may not ^ Urine, mie, and if he mie blood ; and if a wife (woman) be tender in that respect. Fourteen leechdoms. xxxviii. Leechcrafts and wound salves and drinks for all wounds and all cleansings {discharges) in every wise, and for an old broken wound, and if there be bone breach on the head, and for a tear by a dog ; and a wound salve for disease of the lungs, and a salve for an inward wound ; and a salve if thou wilt cure a little wound quickly, and if a man be wounded with iron, or struck with wood, or with The cautery. I - See viii 10 L^CE BOC. men ym lim oj: lime opaylejen finjeji o]j]7e j:6r o]>\)e hanb • oSSe j'l}: meaph ' u~e fie "j jij: bolh fulije ealpa }:]iam pjiuman yeopep 'j J'pi'ciS Iteceboma. .xxxvilll. Lsecebomaf piS selcep cynnej- omum "j fol. 4 a. onpeallum -j banco]?um • pi]> ur ablejnebum omum ^j pi]? omena jebepfce • "j piS omum o]:ep hatum -j piv3 peonbum omum f ly pc • bpencaf "j pealpa pi]? eallum omum ealpa trpani Itep J'pi'ciS- :• .XL. Lsecebomaf *j bpencaf -j pealpa pi]? poc able ealpa lyxe. :■ .XLI. Lsecebomap })py 9e]?ele pi]? mnan onpealle "j omum. :■ .XLii. Lfecebomaf pi]? 'Stepe jeolpan able "j franbse]? •j pi}? jeal able fio cymiS op )?{epe jeolpan able • fio bi}? abla picufc abirepaS pe liclioma eall 'j ajeolpa}? fpa 50b jeolo feoluc. :■ .XLiii. Lsecebomaf pi]? p?etep bollan. :• .XLilil. Lsecebomaf pi'^ cancep able ]>gst: ip bice "j fmepenej'pa -j j"ealp peopep cpsepca]'. :• .XLV. Lsecebomaf -j bpencaf pi]? selcum attpe pi^ nsebpan j'leje -j bite 'j plire • -j pi]> ]?on jtp mon attep 3e]?iC5e • "j \)SdY baljan cpifrep ]?e5nej' lohannej- jebeb -j jealbop "j eac o}?ep fcyctifc jecofc jealbo-^ jehpsej^eji ])i]? selcum attpe • pi]? pleoi;enbum attjie 'j fp3^1e -j beopum boljum • jip lipa jebpmce pypm on psetepe fol. 4 b. pij? J'on lsecebomaf • -j pp mon po-^bopen fie callep • XX. cjisepta piS attpe. :• .XLVI. Lsecebomaf jip ana pypm on men peaxe fealp bpenc -j clam pij? ]?on • v. lsecebomaf J?8ep fint. :• ' meah, MS. LEECH BOOK. T. 11 stone ; and further salves if for a man a limb be Coxtexts. struck off from a limb, finger or foot or hand, or if the marrow be out, and if a wound get foul. Of all from the beginning four and thirty leeclidoms. xxxix. Leechdoms against erysipelas of every kind and fellons, and bone diseases, for erysipelatous affec- tions accompanied by external blains, and for the bursting of erysipelatous cysts, and for excessively hot erysipelatous attacks, and for running erysipelas, that is the disease called "fig.' Drinks and salves for all sorts of erysipelatous affections. Thirty less by two. xl. Leechdoms and drinks and salves for pock disease. In all six. xli. Three excellent leechdoms for inward tubercles and erysipelas. xlii, Leechdoms for the yellow disease,* and a stone ''•T^''i""'l'<^f- bath,* and for the gall disease which cometh of the yellow disease. This is of diseases the most powerful, the body becometh quite bitter and turnetli yellow, as good yellow silk. xliii. Leechdoms for dropsy. xliv. Leechdoms for the disease cancer, that is, " bite," and smearings and a salve. Four receipts. xlv. Leechdoms and drinks against every poison, against stroke and bite and rend of snake ; and in case a man swallow poison, and a prayer of the holy thane of Christ, lohannes, and an incantation and also another Scottish approved incantation, in Gaelic or Erse, either of them against eveiy poison, against flying poison and swelling and deep gashes. If any one drink a worm^ in water, leechdoms against that ; and if a man be tied with a magic knot. In all twenty receipts against poison. xlvi. Leechdoms if King 0ns worm wax on a man, a salve, a drink, and a plaster for that. There are five leechdoms of it. * A stone bath was a vapour bath, water being thrown on heated stones. - Reptile. 12 l.MCE EOC. .XLVII. Lascebomaf *j bjiencaf -j yealjra pi]? }>eopablum momjej' cynnej" pa becfcan pi]:* j^eoppypme on pet • XII. ealpa pi]> peoji ablum. :• .XLVIII. Lsecebomaf pi]? J^am pyjimum ]?e mnan ejlaS monnum • "j pi}> pypmum ]7e on cilba mnojje beoj? *j ]>iS cilba mnoS pape ealjia cjifepta • XII. pi]:* J>am. :• .XLVIIII. L?scebom on funbpon anlipij pi]? ]?am fmalan pyjime. :■ .L. Lsecebomaf pij> lianb pypmum -j heap pyjimum ^ ;^iy I'yjim hanb ete • peaxpealp pi]? hanb pypme fyx cjiseptap ealpa • nil. pifan. :• • LI. Lsecebomaf pi]? pyjimum ]?e monnej- pltepc eta]?. :• .Lil. Lsecebomap tpejen pi]? lufum. :• .Liii. Lseceboma]' tpeten pi]? fmoeja pypmum. :• .Lliii. Lpecebomaj' piS pyjimsetum lice -j cpelbehtum. :• .LV. Lsecebom pi]? aj-lejeniim lice. :• .LVI, Lfecebomaf pij? aplapentim' lice -j bne]? fealp, :• .LVii. Lfecebomaf 'j bpencaf ^ j-ealpa pi]? pice. :• • LVill. Lsecebomaj' to pen pealpe • "j to pen bylum. :• fol. 5 a. .LViill. Lsecebomaj- pi^S papalifm ]? ij- on enjlipc lypt abl "j pi]? neujiij-ne ]?piy. : .LX. Lsecebomaj- pi^ bpyne ^j fealpa • Vlii. ealpa. :• .LXi. Lsecebomap pi]? liS paepce 'j piS lij?peape *j jip li]?feap fio^ "j lio]?ole titpypne ealpa cpaepta peopep- tyne. :• .LXii. Lrecebomai' pi]? pepepable to haelanne bpencaj* pi^ j?an • pi}? ]?pibban bsejef psepe -j peop}?an bsejef psepe •j pi^ ji'lcep bsejel" pepe -j pi]? lencten able f ip pepep * •j liu man fceal pi]? ]??epe able on liuj-1 bipce pone haljan ' The passage of the text lias i - For fiohe, subjunctive. arlej;enuin. | LEECH BOOK. I. 13 xlvii. Leechdoms and drinks and salves lor " dry OoMEMt diseases " ' of many a kind, the best ones for " dry " worm on the feet. Twelve in all against " dry " diseases. xlviii. Leechdoms for the worms which vex men inwardly, and against worms which be in the inwards of children, and children s inwards sore. In all twelve receipts against them. xlix. A leechdom, single, separately, against the small worm. 1. Leechdoms again hand worms and dew worms, and if a worm eat the head ; a wax salve against the hand worm. Six receipts ; four sorts in all. li. Leechdoms against worms which eat mans Hesh. Hi. Two leechdoms against lice. liii. Two leechdoms against penetrating worms. liv. Leechdoms for a worm eaten body and a mortified. Iv. A leechdom. for a stricken body. Ivi. Leechdoms for a paralyzed body, and a bath salve. Ivii. Leechdoms and drinks and salves against tlic disease called " fig." Iviii. Leechdoms for a wen salve and for wen boils. lix. Leechdoms for paralysis, that is in English, lyft addle, and for " neurisn." ^ Three. Ix. Leechdom for a burn ; and salves. Eight in all. Ixi. Leechdoms for a pain in the joints, and for the lubricating secretion at the joints, called^ synovia, and if the synovia leak and the joint oil run out. Of all (these) receipts fourteen. Ixii. Leechdoms for fever, to heal it ; drinks for that ; against a tertain fever, and a quartan fever, and a quotidian fever ; and against lent disease, that is {typhus) fever, and how against the disorder a man ' A sort of dry rot : see the glos- I ' Possibly vevpuv vipfffis ; a kind sary. Vlapa\>e meolcen mete |;py cp?eptas. :■ .LXViii. Lsecebomap pi]> ]7on jip liunta jebite man- nan f fpiSjie o]?pe^ naman janjelpeppa pex bujenbe cpseptas. .LXVIIII. Ljecebomap pi]? pebe hunbep plite ^ yi^ liiinbe]- bolje • VII. Isecebomaj-. :• .LXX. Lsecebomaj* jip mon fie to pjisene o]>])e to unppsene. : .Lxxi. Lseceboma)- pij? jiseje peofau fajie -j jip lioh fmo popob pie, :• .LXXI. Lsecebomap on lipilce tib blob pie to pojijanne fol. 6 a. on hpilce to poplsetenne -j hu fie attpej- pul fio lypt on hlapm^eppe tih • -j be bpenctim -j utpojium on ]?am monj^e -j ■JJte pypta on J)am monSe fmb to pyjicanne. :• ' C!ompare the chapter, and read ^ ij- i'yi^]^: -j oJ?e]i. LEECH BOOK. I. 15 shall write vipoii the eucharistic paton the holy and Contunts. the great name of God, and wasli it witli lioly water in to the drink, and sing a holy prayer over it and the Credo and the Paternoster. Ten leechdoms. Ixiii. Leechdoms for a fiendsick man {or demoniac), drinks for that, and how a man shall sing masses and prayers and psalms over the drink, and drink out of church bells, and for a lunatic man, and for the wood heart or frenzy, and for them all ; six receipts. Ixiv. Leechdoms against every pagan charm and for a man with elvish tricks ; that is to say, an enchant- ment for a sort of fever, and powder and drinks and salve, and if the disease be on neat cattle ; and if the disease harm a man, or if a mare ride him and hurt him. In aU seven crafts. Ixv. Leechdoms again for typhus, and the names of the four gospellers and writings and prayers ; and in silence shall one write some writing. Five receipts. ixvi. Leechdoms for- the idiot and the silly. Ixvii. Leechdoms and drinks for meat taken, and if ale be spoilt or milken food. Three receipts. Ixviii. Leechdoms in case a hunting spider^ bite a man, that is, the stronger sort, and if another by name gangweaver,^ bite Jdm. Six capital receipts. Ixix. Leechdoms for a rent of a mad dog and for wound of hound. Seven leechdoms, Ixx. Leechdoms if a man be too lustful or too un- lustful. Ixxi. Leechdoms for sore of the dorsal muscles, and if the heel sinew be broken. Ixxii. Leechdoms declaring at what time blood is to be foregone, and at what to be let ; and how the air is full of venom at Lammas'^ time, and of drinks and evacuations on that month, and that worts on that month are to be worked. ' Now Salticus scenicus. Aranea | - Aranea viatica. venatoria is American. But here ^ August 1. the tarantula was meaut. 16 L/ECE BOC. Romane -j eall luS yolc pojihron htm eopJ> 1ml" pi8 |?8epe uiil3''}:ce • -j hu mon pcyle blobl?efe on jjsejia j-ex pijra selcon on J^pej- monan elho popjan on l^pit^jum' nihta -j hponne betfc to la^tanne • 'j jip blob bolj yjrelije • "j jip J?u pille on fnibe blob p ojilsetan oJ>]je on cBbpe . o^^e jip J»u ne mseje blob bolj appi]?an • o]>]>e ^ly })u ne mseje jeotenb eebpe appiSan o5Se jip mon on fmpe beplea a^t blobl?etan. :• ,j .LXXIII. Lsecebom jip men hpilc Inn cme, :• .LXXllii. Lsecebom pi5 peajitum -j peappum on lime. :• .Lxxv. Lsecebom pi}? pcujipebum naejle. :• • LXXYI. Lsecebom piS jicj^an. :• .LXXVii. Lsecebom jip |?n pille f ypel Ipyle -j jetepno psere ut bejifce. :• .LXXVIll. Lsecebom jip men unlnfc lie jetenje. :• .LXXVIIII. Lsecebom jip mon on lanjiim peje teojnje. :• foi. 6 b. .Lxxx. Lsecebom pi6 ];on ]?e mon lime popbjimce. :■ .Lxxxi. Lsecebom piS miclum cyle. :• . Lxxxii. Lsecebom -^ip men fie psepmja to micel psecEO jetenje. .Lxxxili. Lgecebom to mannep ftemne. .Lxxxilil. Lsecebom piS ];on jip mon j^unj ete. .LXXXV. Lsecebom piS )7on ]?e mon punbije piS hif peonb to 5epeolitaime. .'XXXVI. Lsecebom pi]? miclum janje opep lanb J>y Ivey he teopije. :• .Lxxxvii. Ltecebom jip mannep peax pealle fealp pi]? ]?on "j jtp man calu fie. .Lxxxvili. Lsecebomaf pi]? hojipep hjieople -j jip hopf ^eallebe fie • -j jip hopf fie opfcoten o]>]>e o]>e]\ neat. ' h)iicij;um was written ; now partly erased. LEECH EOOK. T. 17 The Romans and all the people of the south Contents. wrought for themselves houses of earth against the ill air ; and how a man shall forego bloodletting on each of the six fives ^ of the moons age in the thirty nights, and when best to let blood, and if the incision for bloodletting take an ill turn, and if thou will let blood on an incision or on a vein, or if thou may not staunch the bleeding incision, or if thou may not bind up the flowing vein, or if one, in bloodletting, cut down on a sinew. Ixxiii. A leechdom if any limb of a man be chapped. Ixxiv. A leechdom against warts and callosities on a limb. Ixxv. A leechdom for a scurfy nail. Ixxvi. A leechdom for itch. Ixxvii. A leechdom if thou will that an ill swelling and the venomous humour should burst out. Ixxviii. A leechdom if loss of appetite befall a man. Ixxix. A leechdom if a man tire on a long journey. Ixxx. A leechdom in case a man overdrink himself. Ixxxi. A leechdom against much cold. Ixxxii. A leechdom if suddenly too much watching befall a man. Ixxxiii. A leechdom for a mans voice. Ixxxiv. A leechdom in case a man eat something- poisonous. Ixxxv. A leechdom in case a man try to fight with his enemy. Ixxxvi. A leechdom for much travel over land lest he tire. Ixxxvii. A leechdom if a mans hair fall oft', a salve for that, and if a man be bald. Ixxxviii. Leechdom for swelled legs in a horse, and if a horse be galled, and if a horse or other neat cattle be elf shot. ' Though a sidereal revolution of I the moon often attains the thirtieth the moon be but 27*321 days, yet | day of her age. VOL. II. B 18 LiECE BOC. Alex. Trail. On ]n]')nim fBjiefran laececjireftum jepjiitene fint Itece- "^•'" bomai' piS eallum heapbej' untjiymnepj^uni. ClDuppa hattre pypt jejiiib on moptepe fve penmj jepeje • bo fceap pulne pmep to pofe fmype Jjonne f fol. 7 a. heapob mib -j bpiince on nilit neptij. PI'S heapob psepce Cf. Galen. jentm puban -j pejimob jecnupa 'j menj pi]? eceb -j ele ^o'-^ij;P'^°0'afeoli jniph claS fmipe mib ^ heapob- o^5e clam op K(ct:a\a\yia. |?am ilcau pjpc leje on ^ heapob 'j befpej^e pel jjonne ]>u to jiefte pille. Lacn. 1. pj^ j^Qj^ ilcan jentm betomcan -j pipop je^mb fpi"Se tojsebepe laet ane niht hanjian on claSe fmipe mib. » Plinius Vale- pi-S heapob pfepce^- betan pypttpuman jecnupa piS rianus, de re i < v y ■> ^ n Medicafol.i4b hunij appmj bo p peap on neb *j onjean lunnan up- for clearing peapb licje • -j J>8et heapob ho op bune f ye^ peap mseje J, „ . " f heapob jeonb ypnan • heebbe him sep on mu|7e ele o])]>e butepan "j ]7onne uplanj afitte hnijie popS laete plopan op J?am nebbe J7a jilliftpan bo fpa ^elome ojjjjset hit clsene fie. :• PI'S heapob psepce jenim hampypt ni)>epeapbe je- cnupa leje on cealb psetep jnib fpiSe o]>f eall jelej^peb fie bejpe mib j5 heapob. :• Lacn. 1. ipip heapob pjepce jemm heah heoloJ?an -j jpunbe fpeljean -j pencepfan -j jitpipan pel on psetepe Iset peocan on ];a eajan ]?onne hit hat fie "j ymb ^a eajan jnib mib Jjsem pyptum fpa hatum. :• Pi^ heapob ece jemm pealh -j ele bo ahfan ^epypc J?onne to plypan bo to hymlican "j eopop ]?potan -j "Sa peaban netlan jecnupa bo J;onne on ]?one plipan fol. 7 b. LEECH BOOK. r. 19 1. In these first leechcrafts are written leechdoms for Book I. all infirmities of the head. 2. A wort has been named mnrra,* rub it in a mortar "" Scaiidix as much as may make a pennyweight, add to the ooze a stoup full of wine, then smear the head with that and let the patient drink this at night fasting. For head wark, take rue and wormwood, pound them and mingle with vinegar and oil, strain through a cloth, smear the head with it ; or work a paste of the same, lay it on the head and swathe it up well, when thou will to bed. 3. For the same, take betony and pepper, rub them thoroughly together, let them hang one night in a cloth, smear with theon. For head wark, pound some roots of beet with honey, wring them, apply the juice to the face, and let the patient lie supine against the sun, and hang the head adown that the juice may run all over the head. Let him hold before that in his mouth oil or butter, and then sit up and lean forward and let the matter flow off" the face. Let him so do often till it be clean. 4. For head wark, take the lower part of homewort,'' '• Sempen-iimm pound it, lay it in cold water, rub it hard till it be ''^^^o''"'"- all in a lather, bathe the head with it. 5. For head wark, take elecampane ° and groundsel*' '' /«M?a //e/e- and fen cress ^ and gitrife,^ boil them in water, T^^^QTseneciovul- them steam upon the eyes, when it is hot, and rubi/ar/s. about the eyes with the worts, so hot. 6. For head ache, take willow^ and oil, reduce to ashes, work to a viscid substance, add to this hem- lock^ and carline^ and the red nettle," pound them, ' Nasturtium officinale. I ■• Conium maculatum. - Agrostemma githago. ^ Carlina acaulis.. ^ Saliz. I " Lamium purpureum. B 2 20 L^CE BOO. ' HfUKpai'ia. fol. 8 a. be];e mib, pij? heajrob ece hunbe]' lieajrob jebsepn Co alij'an -j fniS ^ lieafob le^e on. Pi5 heayob psepce jemm ejielafcan jecnua on cealb poetrep jnib betrpeoh hanbimi -j jecnupa clupjpunj bo ]7sep'co be|;e mib. pi]? heapob ece jenim hopan *j p'Tn •j eceb ^efpet mib ]iuni;j;e -j fmipe mib. :• ' Pi]? heapob ece jentm bilep blofcman feo5 on ele fmipe J?a Jjunpanjan mib. -pi}> J?on ilcan jemm heojiocep liopnep ahpan menj piS eceb -j pofan feap bmb on ■^ pgenje. pij; ]?on ilcan jemm pset; pul jpenpe puban leapa "j penepep piebep cuclep puhie ^ejnib tojsebepe bo sejef f hpire to cucleji pulne • f fio pealp pie |?icce fmipe nub pej^ejie on ]7a liealpe J^e pap ne fie. :• Pi]> healpep heapbep^ ece jemm J?a peaban netlan anfcelebe jerpipula menj piS eceb -j fejef p lipite bo eall tojsebepe fmipe mib. :• Pi]; healpep heapbep ece laupep cpoppan jetpipula on eceb mib ele fmype mib \)y J^aet; pen;«;e. :• Pi^ ];on ilcan ^ernin jiuban peaj' pjiinj on f nsep- })ypel ];e on J^a papan^ healpe bi8. :■ Pi]? healpep heapbep ece • jemm laujiep cpoppan biifc •j lenep men^ cojsebejie ^eot; eceb on fmipe mib ];a papan healpe mib ]7y • o]>])e menje piS p'Tn J>8ep laupep cpoppan • o]>])e puban fseb jnib on eceb bo beja empela jnib Son* hneccan mib ]>y. " Tacnu J^sepe able • fio abl cymS op ypelpe psetan upan plopenbpe oppe te]?me oJ»]?e op bam • ponne pceal mon a^pefc ' Plinius, XX, 73. - Galenus, vol. xiv. p. ,".98, ed. 1827. ^ mapan, MS. * Read «one. ^Alex. Trail, lib. partly word for word. i. cap. 12, LEECH BOOK. I. 21 put tliein then on the viscid stutt', bathe therewith. Book I. Against head ache ; burn a dogs head ' to ashes, snip ^^* *• the head ; lay on. 7. For a head wark, talce everlasting,- }jound it in cold water, rub it between the hands, and pound cloffing,^ Ji^pply it thereto, bathe therewith. For head ache, take hove ^ and wine and vinegar ; sweeten with honey, and smear therewith. 8. For head ache, take blossoms of dill,^ seethe in oil, smear the temples therewith. For the same, take ashes of harts horn, mingle with vinegar and juice of rose, bind on the cheek. For the same, take a vessel full of leaves of green rue, and a spoon full of mus- tard seed, rul> together, add the white of an egg, a spoon full, that the salve may be thick ; smear with a feather on the side which is not sore. 9. For ache of half the head," take the red nettle of one stalk, bruise it, mingle with vinegar and the white of an egg, put all together, anoint therewith. 10. For a half heads ache, bruise in vinegar with oil the clusters of the laurus, smear the cheek with that. 11. For the same, take juice of rue, wring on the nostril which is on the sore side. 12. For a half heads tiche, take dust of the clusters of laurel, and mustard, mingle them together, pour vinegar upon them, smear with that the sore side. Or mix Avith wine the clusters of laurel. Or vubjine in vinegar the seed of rue,'' put equal quantities of both, rub the back of the neck with that. 13. Tokens of the disease. The disease cometh of evil humour flowing'^ or evil vapour, or of both. Then ' That the plant called " hounds- | " Megrim. head " in Herb. Ixxxviii. is meant, ' ' liuta graveolens. 1 do not think. " I hesitate to believe that njan, - GnaphuUmn. can mean^'/-o»i beloiv upwards; yet ^ Ranunculus scelenitufi. Alexandros says Kara av/j.-Tradeiw '- Glcchoma hederacea. rod ffrofj-ix""- U)"an means from ^ Anethum qraoeolens. above. 22 L^CE BOC. on "Sa able pojiepeapbjie blob Isetan oj: sebjie • sefteji J)on pceal man pyjit bpenc pellan -j lacnian pijjj^an ]?a j'ajian fropa • jijr feo abl fie cumen op micelpe liseto )7onne pceal man mib cealbum Isecebomum lacnian • jip liio op cealbum Intmjan cym^ • J>onne pceal mon mib hatum Isecebomum lacnian jehpgej^ejiep pceal mon nyttian -j mifcian f J>one Kchoman hsele -j eepep msejen hsebbe • Mm beah f him mon on eape bpype jeplsec- cebne ele mib o]?pum jobum pyjitum. :• fol. 8 b. jentm pi]? tobpocenum heapbe betonican jetpipula •j leje on f heapob upan j^onne pamna^ hio ]?a punbe -j hselS. Gpc pij> ]?on ilcan ^emm tuncepfan fio j^e pelp peaxeS -j mon ne psep'S bo In ]?a nofu f pe fcenc maeje on f heapob 'j pset peap. :• Pi]? J»on ilcan ept jenim banpypt -j attopla}?an -j bolhjiunan • -j pubumejice "j bpiinpypt "j betonican • bo ealle J^a pypta to pyjit bpence 'j menje ]?8eji pi^S J?a fmalan clipan -j centaupian -j pe^bjiseban • ealpa fpi]7uft betonican -j jip ^ bpsejen litpije gemm sejep ]3 jeo- lupe "j menj lythpon^ piS hunij -j apyl Sa punbe • -j mib acumban befpeSe "j pojilset fpa ];onne • "j ept ymb jjpy bajap jefp^t ]7a punbe • *j jip pe hala pep]7e pille habban peabne hpmj ymb ]7a punbe pite ])u J^onne f ]>n hie ne meaht jehaslan. piS ]7on ilcan jernm pubupopan *j pubu mepce "j hopan ^j pel on butejian -j ' Lyhjion, MS. LEECH BOOK. I, 23 shall one first in the early disease let blood from a vein ; after that shall be administered a wort drink, and the sore places shall be cm-ed. If the disease be caused by mickle heat, then shall one cure it with cold leechdoms ; if it cometh of cold causes, then shall one cure it with hot leechdoms, of either shall advan- tage be taken, and they shall be mixed, into a imAxturc that may heal the body and have an austere efficacy in it. It is well for him that one should drip for him in his ear oil made lukewarm with " other " good worts. 14. For broken head, take betony,' bruise it and lay it on the head above, then it unites the wound and healeth it. Again for the same, take garden cress,^ that which waxeth of itself and is not sown,'^ intro- duce it into the nose^ that the smell and the juice may get to the head. 15. For the same again, take wallflower'^ and attorlothe'' and pellitory and wood marche^ and brownwort^ and betony, form all the worts into a wort drink, and mix therewith the small cleaver^ and centaury^'' and waybroad,^^ of all most especially betony, and if the brain be exposed, take the yolk of an egg and mix a little with honey and fill the wound and swathe up with tow, and so let it alone ; and again after about three days syringe the wound, and if the hale sound part^~ will have a red ring- about the wound, know thou then that thou mayest not heal it. For the same, take woodrofie and wood- Book I. Ch. i. ' Betonica officinalis. - Lepidium sativum. ^ Self sown ; but a garden cress still. ' "Eppivov, therefore ; but these were used like cephalic snuff ; and never for broken head. See Nicolaos Myreps. xv. * Cheiranthus cheiri. " See Herbarium, xlv., to which assent is not easily given. ' Apium graveolena. * Scrophularia aquatica: see Herb. Ivii. " Galium aparine. '" Erythrma centaureum. " Plantago maior. '- The sense of )e]i|je is doubtful ; but see glossary. 24i L^CE BOC. j-eoh ]7Ujih ha3penne ' cla^ bo on ^ heapob Jionne ^anja]? }?a ban tic. fol. 9 a. Pi]? Ian5um j-ape |;a3}' heafbe)- o]?]7e Sapa eapena oS8e =» \>a, MS., but j?apa to]?a J^a^ ]m]ili hoph oSSe ]7uph ynofl tir ateo ^ erase it. y^^ ejle]^ • jefeo}* ceppillan on pserepe pele bpmcan j7onne aCihS f ]?a yjrelan pietan ut o]?]?e ]7uph muS o-SSe )7uph nofu. Opt: J)up ]?u pcealc J?a ypelan opfe- tenan pgetan utabon j^ujih fpatl *j hpaiicean menj pipop pi]) hpir cpubu fele to ceopanne • 'j pypc him co fpil- lanne pione jeajl -^ jemin eceb -j pserep -j fenep "j hunij pyl t058ebepe lifcmn • "j apeoh bonne Isec colian yele ]70nne jelome f jeajl ro fpillanne f he ]7y pel mseje ^ ypel utahpseeean. Pypc ]>u]' fpihn^e to heapbep clsenfunje jentm ept lenepep pgebep bsel *j nsepfaebep -j cepfan psebep • fume men hataS lambep cejij-an -j mejicep fseb -j . XX. pipopcopna • jefamna eall mib ecebe -j mib hunije • jehget on psetepe ^ -j habbe on muj^e lanje ]7onne ypnS f jiUiftep lit. •^6pt o})pu fpihnj on I'umepe C£e]ienep jobne bollan pulne • fol, Ob. "j ecebep mebmicelne -j ypopum hatte pypt hipe leap -j blofcman menj tojfebepe -j laet ftanban neahtepne *j on mopjen on cpoccan opeppylle -j fupe plsec "j ]3 jeajl Ipile "j \)yea htp mnS. * To ]?on ilcan on pmtpa fenepef bultep cuclep pulne 'j hunijef healpne cuclep jebo on calic menje J>onne j^ptep ])on pi5 paetep -j htete -j peoh ]7uph Imenne claS -j fpile mi8 f jeajl • septep ]7am kecebome jelome mib ele IpiUe ])a hpacan. ^ Gpt pi]? lf>on ilcan jentm mealpan jejnib on phiec pm pele to fpil- lanne ]3 jeajl. piS tobpoeenum heapbe "j fapum jiube ' haejienne suggests itself. - seasl below is neuter. ^ Plinius Valerianus, de re Med., fol. 14 a. ^ Ibid. ■' Plin. Val., fol. 13 b. LEECH BOOK. I. 25 marche and liovo, and boil in butter and strain tlirouirli ^^""'^ ^• . Ch i. a coloured cloth, apply it to the head, then the bones come out. 16. For chronic disorder of the head or of the ears or of the teeth through foulness or through mucus, ex- tract that which aileth there, seethe chervil in water, give it to drink, then that drawetli out the evil humours either through mouth or through nose. Again, thus thou shalt remove the evil misplaced humours by spittle and breaking ; mingle pepper with mastic, give it the 'patient to chew, and work him a gargle to swill his jowl ; take vinegar and water and mustard and honey, boil together cleverly, and strain, then let cool, then give it him frequently to swill his jowl, that he by that may comfortably break out the ill Jlegm. 17. AVork thus a swilling or lotion for cleansing of the head, take again a portion of mustard seed and of navew seed and of cress seed, some men call it lambs cress, and of marche seed, and twenty pepper corns, gather them all with vinegar and with honey, heat them in water and have them long in the mouth, then the fiegm runneth out. Again, another swilling in summer ; mingle together a good bowl full of wine boiled down with herbs and a moderate one of vine- gar, and hyssop, so the wort hight, its leaves and blossoms, and let the mixture stand for a night, and in the morning boil it over again in a crock (or earthen pot), and let him sup it lukewarm and swill his jowl and wash his mouth. For the same in winter, put i]i a chalice a spoon full of the dust of mustard and half a spoon full of honey, then after that mingle this with water, and heat it and strain it through a linen cloth and swill the jowl with it; after that leechdom frequently swill the throat with oil. Again for the same ; take mallows, rub them into lukewarm wine, give it the 'patient to swill the jowl. For a broken 26 LMCE BOC. jetjiijzelabu miS pealte -j mib hunije fmijie ^ heajrob pojiepeajib mib ]7y fe cuj^ej'ta Igecebom bi]? J^am Jje heajrob pylm -j lap j^popiaS. pi]? J^on ilcan eye jejiiib jiuban on pm j-ele bpmcan *j gemenj eceb pij> puban -j ele bpype on f heapob -j fmipe mib. .1. {read .ii.) Alex, Trail. Lsecebomaf pij) eajna milbe jenim celej^enian yeap oy\>e blofcman jemenj piS bopena liuni;^ ^e^o on sepen fol. 10 a. F^"^ piece lifcum on peapmum jlebum o]>f hit jefoben fie • ]7ip biS job Isecebom pi]? eajna bimneppe. piJ? Cf. Marcell. Jjon ilcan ept pilbpe puban jebeappe -j jetpipulabpe leap • jemenj piS afeopnef humjef em micel fmype mib ]7a eajan. ]}!]> eajna mifre monije men ]?y Isep liiopa eajan ]?a able p>popian lociaS on cealb paetep • •j ]?onne majon pyp jefeon ne pypt f ]?a peon • ac micel pm jebjiinc -j o))pe jefpette bpmcan 'j mettap • •j J?a fpipopt pa Se on Saepe upepan pambe jepunia^ -j ne majon melt an • ac jjsep ypele psetan pypceaS -j )?icce. Pop "j capel 'j eal ])a ]>e fyn fpa apeji fmb to fleojanne 'j ^ }>e mon on bebbe basjep uppeapb ne licje -j cyle -j pmb -j pec -j biij-t • J^aj- J^inj -j Jpifum jelic selce bseje fce)?]?a'S Jjam eajtim. ^ pi]? eajna mifce jenim jpenne pmul jebo on psetep .xxx. nihta on ?enne cpoccan ]7one J^e fie jepicob utan jepylle ]?onne mib pen psetepe • septep jjon apeoppe op ]?one pmul -j mib J>y psetepe selce bseje ]?peaL ]>a, eajan "j ontyne. fol. 10 b. -6ft op homena sejjme "j ftieme *j op plsetan cym5 ' Cf. Galen, vol. xiv. p. 499, ed. | - Plinius Valerianus, fol. 20 b. for 1827. fourteen lii^es. LEECH BOOK. I. 27 and sore head ; bruised rue ^ with salt and honey ; smear the forehead with it, the most approved leech- dom is this for ]dm whose head hath burning and paiuful throes. For the same again ; rub rue in wine, give it to drink to the sufferer, and mingle vinegar with rue and oil ; drip it on the head and smear therewith. Book 1. Ch. i. 11. 1. Leechdoms for mistiness of the eyes ; take juice or blossoms of celandine, mingle \vith honey of dumljle- dores,* introduce it into a brazen vessel, half warm it ^ Melle Attico, neatly on warm gledes, till it be sodden. This is a good leechdom for dimness of eyes. For the same, mingle the juice of wild rue,^ dewy and bruised, mingle with equally much of filtered honey, smear the eyes with that. For mistiness of eyes many men, lest their eyes should suffer the disease, look into cold water and then are able to see far ; that harmeth not the vision, but much wine drinking and other sweetened drinks and meats, and those especially which remain in the upper region of the wamb and cannot digest, but there form evil humours and thick ones ; leek and colewort and all that are so austere are to be avoided, and care must he had that a man lie not in bed in day time supine ; and cold and wind and reek and dust, these things and the like to these every day are injurious to the eyes. For mistiness of eyes, take green fennel, put it into water for thirty days in a crock {or earthen vessel), one that is pitched on the outside, fill it then with rain water ; after that throw off" the fennel and with the water every day wash the eyes and open them. Again, from the vapour and ' The verbs are often suppressed. - Wild rue is a Hellenism, Tri)ya- vov &ypiov, Dioskor. iii. 59, op/udfei Trpus oi/xfi\va>irias, or ruta silvestris; Plinius, XX. 51. These are pega- iium harmala. 28 L^CE BOC. eajna imlr: -j fio yceajipnep *j jfojoj^a ]? be]? pi|? J>on ij* ])\Y tro bonne. pr6 eajna milte jenim cile|7onian j'eapey cucleji fulne oj^ejine pmolef • jjpibban appotanan j^eapep • ■j hunijep reapep tu cuclep mail menj to jtebejie • "j |7onne mib pepepe jebo In ]>aj eajan on mopjenne *j jjonne mibbsej fie • "j ept on a^pen a'pteji |?on ponne f abjiujob pie -j "cojoten poji ];9Bpe pealpe fceappnej-pe • jentm pipep meoluc ]>sey ]>e cilb haebbe bo on |>a eajan. :• 6ft: ?e]7ele cp^pt gennn balpami -j liunijep treajief em micel jemenj to5a?be]ie -j fmijie mib ]7y. Gpt piS j;on ilcan cele];onian j-eap "j fepsetep fmijie mib J)a eajan -j beSe. bi]? ]?onne j-elefc f pu nime jjsefie cele]7onian peap "j mucjpypte 'j jiuban ealpa em pela bo liunij to "j balbfamiim ^tp ]?u hsebbe • jebo on f pset pe ])n hit mseje on mib jepoje jefeoj^an -j nytta pel ]?£et bet. ^Pi]? eajna mifte gebsepneb j-eait -j jejmben -j yi]) bojiena hunij jemenjeb fmipe mib. :• fol- 11 a. 2 6 ft pmolep "j pol'an "j jiuban peap "j bojian liunij -j ticceiiep jeallan tojtebepe j^emenjeb fmijie mib Jni eajan. ''Gft jpene cellenbpe jejniben -j pi]) pipej' meoluc jemenjeb aleje opeji ]7a eajan. :• » Med.de Quad. a^Qy-c hapaii jeallaii jenirae '-j Imijie mib. :• '' Marcellus, '* 6pt cpice^ pme pmclan ^ebtejinbe to ahpan "j ]>a -'^' ^- alipan jemenje piS bopena Imnij. : ' Pliu. Val. fol. 20 b. i ^ Por veras our author read - Plin. Val. fol, 21 b. ! vivas. Or Plinius Valerianus, fol. - Plin. Valerianus, fol. 19 b. , 21 b, whei'c y/c read " Cochlese ' Also riinius Valerianus, fol. I vivae." 20 b., 21b. I LEECH ?,00K. T. 29 steam of ill juices and from nausea cometli mist of r,ook l. eyes, and the sharpness and corrupt lunnour causes that, against which this is to be done. For mist of eyes, take of celandines juice a spoon full, another of fennels, a third of southernwoods juice, and two spoon measures of the tear of honey (^virgin honey that drops without "pressure), mingle tliem together, and then with a feather put soms into the eyes in the morning and when it be midday*, and again at evening after that, when it is dried up and spent; for sharpness of the salve, take milk of a woman who hath a child, apply it to the eyes. 2. Again, a noble craft. Take equal ({uantities of- balsam and of virgin honey, mix together and smear with that. 3. Again for the same, juice of celandine and sea Cf. Nicol. water ; smear and bathe the eyes therewith. It is then xx^xvni i '>'> most advisable that thou take juice of the celandine from an older and of mugwort^ and of rue, of all equal quantities, add ^" "''•P*''' ^^P^- honey to it, and balsam, if thou have it, put it then into such a vessel that thou may seethe it with glue- aud make use of it. It does much good. 4. For mist of eyes, salt burnt and rubbed fine and mixed with dumbledores honey f smear therewith. 5. Again, juice of fennel and of rose and of rue, and dumbledores honey,^ and kids gall, mixed together ; smear the eyes with this. Again, lay upon the eyes green coriander rubbed fine and mixed with womans milk. 6. Again, let him take a liares gall and smear with it. 7. Again, live perriwinkles burnt to ashes ; and let liim mix the ashes with dumbledores^ honey. ' Artemisia vulyarlf;. - Or some cement ; the original author perhaps meant a covered vessel sealed up with cement. ^ Doubtless from " melle Attico," read as melle attaci ; the dumble- dore is apis bomhinatrix. 30 L^CE BOC. " Plinius, xxxii. 24. Marcellus, 272, g. ' IMarcellus >72, b. fol. 11 b. ^Gfx: jiyj-laf ealjia ea fifca on fiinnan jemylce -j piS huiii;^ jemenjbe fmipe mib. PiS eajna mifce efc betonican j'eap jebeatenjie mib liijie pypttjiuman -j appunjenpe -j jeappan peap -j cele- ]?onian em micel ealjia menj trojsebejie bo on eaje. ''6pt pmolef pypttpum^n jecnuabne jemenj pi's hu- nijep ]-eap^ feoS Jjonne set; leohtum pyjie lifrelice oj; liiim^ep ])icneppe • jebo ]7onne on sejiene ampullan -j ]?onne j^eapp pie fmijie mib J)ip robjiip]? ]?a eahmifcaj* ]:>eali ]?e liie J^icce fynb. :• PiJ? eajna mifce ept celej'oman peap o])]>e ]>ajm blofc- mena jepjimj "j jemenj piS bopena hunij jebo on sejien pffit: piece jponne lifcum on peajimum jlebum opj^e on ahpan o]? f hit jebon pie • f biS anfpilbe lyb pi]? eajena bimneppe. :• <= Marcellus, 272, a. ■' Marcellus, 272, c. Sume jjsep ]*eapep anlipijef nyttiab -j J>a eajan raib J)y fmijiiaS. Pi]? eajena mifce ept eopSipies feap -j pmolep j'eap ^ebo bejea em pela on ampullan bpije ]?onne on hatjie funnan -j ]?a eajan mnepeapb mib ]>y fmipe. ^Pi]> eajena mifre ept: eojiSjeallan^ peap ]? ip hypbepypt fmipe on ]?a eajan fio pyn bi}? ]>y pceapppe • jip ]?u humj to befc ]? beah • jemm^^ ]?onne ]?8e]ie ilcan pypte jobne jelm jebo on ceac pulne pmef -j jepeo]? opnete tep ]?]iy bajaf • -j ]>onne hio jepoben fie appm^ ]?a pypt op 'j ]?8ep popep jefpettep mib hunije jebpmc ?elce baeje neaht neptij bollan pulne. :• ^ Cf. Celsus, e Salbep mannep eajan beo]? unfceappfyno }?onne pceal 29* '■ he ]?a eajan peccan mib jnibmjum mib jonjum • mib jiabum o]>]?e mib ]>y ]?e hme mon bepe o]?]?e on p?ene pepije • -j hy j-culan nyttian lytlum 'j pophtlictim metum -j hiopa heapob cemban -j pepmob bpmcan sep ]?on J^e ' " Tantundem mellis optimi de- spumati " is turned " juice of honey." - Cf. Alex. Trail, p. 46, line 31, ed. 1548. LEECH ROOK. T. 31 8. Again, the fatty parts of all river fishes melted Book I in the sun and mingled with honey ; smear with that. ' '" "' 9. For mist of eyes again, juice of betony beaten with its roots and wrung, and juice of yarrow^ and of celandine, equally much of all, mingle together, apply to the eye. Again, mingle pounded root of fennel with the purest honey, then seethe at a light fire cleverly to the thickness of honey. Then put it into a brazen ampulla, and when need be, smear with it, this drive th away the eye mists, though they be thick. 10. For mist of aj'^es again, wring out juice of celan- dine or of the blossoms of it, and mingle with dumbledores honey, put it into a brazen vessel, then make it lukewarm cleverly on warm gledes, or on ashes, till it be done. That is a unique medicine for dimness of eyes. 11. Some avail themselves of the juice singly, and anoint the eyes with that. For mist of eyes again ; juice of ground ivy and juice of fennel; set equal quantities of both in an ampulla, then dry in the hot sun, and smear the inward part of the eyes with that. For mist of eyes again, smear earthgalls ^ juice, that is herdwort,^ on the eyes, the vision will be by it sharper. If thou addest honey thereto, that is of good effect. Further take a good bundle of the same wort, introduce it into a jug full of wine, and seethe three days in a close vessel; and when it is sodden, wring- out the wort, and drink of the ooze sweetened with honey every day, after a nights fasting, a bowl full. 12. The eyes of an old man are not sharp of sight ; than shall he wake up his eyes with rubbings, with walkings, with ridings, either so that a man bear him^ or convey him in a wain. And they shall use little and careful meats, and comb their heads and ' Achillea millefoliu7n. I ^ In a litter. ErythrcRa centaureum. I 32 L^CE BOC. liie mete Jncjean. pay mon j'ceal unj'ceajipfynum fealjre fol. 12 a. pyjicean ro eaT;um • jeniin pipoji --j ^ebeat: "j fpejlej- redte^ ^Tsppel -j lipon ]-ea]~a ^ ptn f h\]) job ]-ealp. :• pi]) miclum eajeee manij man h?ef]) micelne ece on hif eajura. pypc Mm ]7onne jjiunbe fpeljean -j Ijij'ceop yy]^^ "j pmol pyl })a pyjita ealle on j'serjie • meoluc bi5 j-elpe Ifet f peocan on J^a eajan. Gpc cele|)onian -j pububmbelf^ leap jeacep fupe prS pin jemenje. :• Gp- to miclum eajece cpopleac nio];opeapb -j pit- mpepep pypt nioj^opeapb cnua on pme Ijetr fcanban tpa " Gr. ap76^a ; iiilit:. pi8 pile'' eajpcalp jeuim bpomef ahl'anc -j boUan Lat. Albugo. yi^iJQg hatep pmef jeoi: J?jiipa lytlum on hate ]?a ahfan '■ anfiin, MS. ^ ^^ Jjonne on pejien past oS5e ej^pepen bo liiini;^ef li])on to -j menj tojsebepe bo on J^sep untpnman man- nef eajan • -j a];peah ept J?a eajaii on cleenum pylle. J^i]) pile liajian geallan bo peapmne on ymb tpa nilit '' Slab, MS. not phhS op ];am ea^um. pi]> plie jemm onpsepe plali'^ ' ■ ]> peap -j ppmj ]7uph elaS on p eaje pona jse'S on ])pim bajum op [^ip fio plali bi]? jpene. pij? plie eceb •j jebsepneb fealt -j bepen mela jemenj tojsebejie bo on ]5 eaje hapa lanje lipile jjine lianb on. :• ^Readol>l>e p^j^ j-lie eahj'ealp cele];onian I'seb jenmi on pam ^ fol 12 b pypttjmman ;^nib on ealb ptn -j on hunij bo pipop to l?et fcanban neahtepne be pype nytta Jjonne jju j'lapan piUe. pi]7 pile oxan plyppan nipepeajibe -j aloji pmbe pylle on butejian. :• Xv/xua-is, pi]? ])on Se eajan typen puban feap -j jate jeallan -j Lippitudo. Read -binbef. LEECH BOOK. T. SH drink ■wormwood before they take food. Then shall Book i, a salve be wrought for nnsharpsighted eyes ; take pepper and beat it, and beetle nut^ and a somewhat of salt, and wine ; that will be a good salve. 13. For much eye ache. Many a man hath mickle ache in his eyes. Work him then groundsel and bishopwort^ and fennel, boil all the worts in water, milk is better, make that throw up a reek on the eyes. Again, let him mingle with wine celandine and woodbines leaves and the herh cuckoosour.'^ 14. Again, for much eye ache, pound in wine the nether part of cropleek ^ and the nether part of Wihtmars wort,^ let it stand two days. For pearl, an eye salve ; take ashes of broom and a bowl full of hot wine, pour tlds by a little at a time thrice on the hot ashes, and put that then into a brass or a copper vessel, add somewhat of honey and mix together, apply to the infirm mans eyes, and again wash the eyes in a clean wyll spring. For pearl on the eye, apply the gall of a hare, warm, for about two days, it flieth from the eyes. Against white spot, take an unripe sloe, and wring the juice of it through a cloth on the eye, soon, in three days the spot will disappear, if the sloe be green. Against white spot, mingle together vinegar and burnt salt^ and barley meal, apply it to the eye, " A substitute hold thine hand a long while on it. moniaclim'/' 15. For pearl, an eye salve ; take seed of celandine or the root of it, rub it into old wine and into honey, add pepper, let it stand for a night by the fire, use it when thou wilt sleep. Against white spot, boil in butter the nether part of ox-slip'^ and alder'' rind. 16. In case the eyes be tearful, juice of rue, and ' The evidence, such as it is, for this rendering will be given in the glossary. - Herbar. i. Betonica officinalis. ^ Oxalis Acetosella. VOL. IL C Allium sativum, probably. Cochlearia anylica, perhaps. Primula veris elatior. Aliius glutinosa. 34 LiECE BOC. bopan humj ealjia em yeln. ^tp eajan^ typen heopotey liopnep alij-an bo on ^efpet ptn. P^J^c eajj'ealjie pij; psenne jemm cjiopleac -j jajileac bejea em pela jecnupa pel tofomne jemm ptn -j j:eaji]ief jeallan bejea em pela jemen^ pi]? |>y leace bo ]7onne on appset Iset fcan- ban nijon nilit on ]?am appate appmj ]?uph cla]? -j jehlyttpe pel bo on liojm • 'j ymb mlit bo mib pej^epe on f eaje fe betfca Irecebom. ipip penne^ on eajon jentm |?a holan cejifan jebpseb bo on f eaje fpa he harofr mjeje. :■ yip eajece jepypce htm jjiunbfpeljean *j bifceop pypt -j beopypt -j pmul pyl ]^a pyjita ealle on psetepe meoluc hip betepe. : fol. 13 a. Pij? eajna ece jenim pa, peaban hopan apyl on fujmra fpatum o|)]?e on fupurn eala5 'j be];e J^a eajan on }>am ba|je betepe fpa optop. :• ]?\p eajece jenim pijjopmban Tpiju jecnupa apylle on butepan^ bo on pa, eajan. :• Pypc eajpealpe jemm hnurcypnla -j hpsete cojin jnib cojsebepe bo pm to afeoh }»uph claS bo ]7onne on pa, eajan. pi]? eajna paepce -j ece hpitep hlapej- cpuman •j pipop -j eceb menj pel leje on cla5 bmb on |;a eajan nihtepne. puj- mon pceal eajj'ealpe pyjicean • jentm ftpeapbepian pifan mo]?opeapbe -j pipop jecnupa pel bo on cla]? bebmb pjefte leje on jefpet ptn l?et jebjieopan on J)a eajan senne bpopan, Pyjic eajfealpe pububmbej- leap pubumepce ftpeapbepian pifan fu]?epne pepmob oxna lyb cele]7onian jecnupa pa pypte fjnSe menj pi J? • Galen, vol. xii> p. 335, ed. 1826. I '^ TvXos. Sextus, cap. i. 1, Lat. | ^ The MS. has bicepan. LEECH BOOK. ]. 35 goats gall and dumbledor(»s honey, of all equal quan- Book I. titles. If eyes be tearful, add to sweetened wine ashes of harts horn. Work an eye salve for a wen, take cropleek and garlic,^ of both equal quantities, pound them well together, take wine and bullocks gall, of both equal quantities, mix with the leek, put this then into a brazen vessel, let it stand nine days in the brass vessel, wring out through a cloth and clear it well, put it into a horn, and about night time apply it with a feather to the eye ; the best leechdom. 17. For a wen^ on the eye, take hollow cress,'"' roast it, apply it to the eye, as hot as possible. IS. For eye ache, let him work for himself ground- sel and bishop wort ^ and beewort^ and fennel, boil all the worts in water ; milk is better. 19. For ache of eyes, take the red hove,^ boil it in sour beer or in sour ale, and bathe the eyes in the bath, the oftener the better. 20. For eye ache, take twigs of withewind,'' pound them, boil them in butter, apply them to the eyes. 21. Work an eye salve thus; take nut kernels and wheat grains, rub them together, add wine, strain through a cloth, then apply to the eyes. For acute pain and ache of eyes, mingle well crumbs of white bread and pepper and vinegar, lay this on a cloth, bind it on the eyes for a night. Thus shall a man work an eye salve, take the nether part of strawberry plants and pepper, pound them well, put them on a cloth, bind them fast, lay them in sweetened wine, make somebody drop one drop into the eyes. Work an eye salve thus ; leaves of v/oodbind," woodmarche," strawberry plants, southern wormwood,^** green hellebore. ' Allium oleraceum ? - Wisps or sties are called -wuns ill Devon. ^ Gentiana campestris. * In Herb. i. Betonica officinalis. ^ Acorus calamus. '' Glechoma heeler acea. ' Convolvulus sepium. '^ Convolvulus. ^ Apium graveolcns. '" Artemisia ahiotanon. c2 36 L^CE BOO. ptn bo on cypepen fset op];e on ?e]ienum fate hajra Iset franban j'eopon nilic o]>])e ma appinje J'a pypta fpiSe clsene jebo pipoji on -j jefj^et; fpi];e leohtlice mih fol. 13 b. liunije bo pi])J>an on hojm -j mib pej^epe bo on ]?a eajan £enne bpopan. Pyjic eajpealpe bpije • genim fpejlef seppel -j fpepl cpecipc attjium -j jebsejineb pealr "j pipopep msepc jejpmb eall to bufce apipc ]?u]ih cla5 bo on n^epc hsebbe liim on J?y Isep hit J>ine • bo mebmicel on l^a eajan mib coJ> jape jepefce liim septep "j plape •j J>onne a}»peah Inj- eajan mib clsene psetpe -j on ]> psetep locije. pypc eajpealpe cymen -j fcpeapbepjean pife jecnupa fpiSe pel -j op jeot mib jefpette pme bo In cypepen pset oSSe on sepen Iset fcanban pela nihta on appmg jja pypte |?uph claS -j aliluttpa fpi]?e pel bo ponne on |^a eajan ];onne ])u pille pefran • jip fio Imminutiones. pealp fie to heaji^ jefpet miS hunije. pi'S sepmselum jenl^m attpum jemenj piS fpatl ]?a^ eajan ntepeajib nalgep mnan. pib aepmselum ni]7epeapb^ sepcj^potu jecopen on mu];e -j appmjen J^uph claS on eaje jebon punbojilice h?el]7. ]?i]) ])on j>e mon fupeje fie jenim ajjnmonian pelle fpij^e o]? ]?pibban bsel ];peah jelome ];a eajan mib ]?y. Pustula. P^]> poece on eajum • jemm pab -j pibban ^ hleomocan fol. 14 a. pyl on meolce on butepan ip betepe -j pypc bej^mjc • pyl hleomoc -j jeappan -j pubu ceappiUan on meolcum. ' Heap MS. If any word closely answering to Gei-m. Ilerbe, Lat. Acerbus, occurs in Saxon, it has not met my eyes; the context is onr guide here. See Gl. ^ fmipe must be supplied. " mh>ejieapb, MS. LEECH BOOK. I. 37 celandine, pound the worts much, mingle with wine, Book I. l)iit into a copper vessel or keep in a brazen vat, let ^^' "" it stand seven days or more, wring the worts very clean, add pepper, and sweeten very lightly with honey, put subsequently into a horn, and with a feather put one drop into the eyes. Work a dry eye salve thus; take beetle nut(?) and sulfiir, Greek olusatrum^ and burnt salt, and of pepper most, grind all to dust, sift through a cloth, put it on a fawns skin, let him keep it about himself, lest it get moist. Introduce a small quantity into the eyes with a tooth pick ; afterwards let him rest himself and sleep, and then wash his eyes with clean water, and let him look in the water, that is, keep his eyes open under ivater. Work eye salve thus; pound thoroughly cummin and a straw- berry plant, and souse with sweetened wine, put into a copper vessel or into a brazen one, let it stand many nights, wring the wort through a cloth and clear the liquid thoroughly, then apply to the eyes when thou may wish to rest ; if the salve be too biting, sweeten it with honey. For imminution of the eyes, take olusatrum, mingle with spittle, anoint the eyes outwardly not inwardly. 22. For imminutions, the nether part of the herb Contraction ashthroat^ chewed in the mouth and wrung through a " le pupi . cloth, and applied to the eye, wonderfully healeth. In case a man be blear eyed, take agrimony, boil it thoroughl}'- doivn to the third part, wash the eyes frequently with that. For a pock or pustule in the eyes, take woad^ and ribwort* and brooklime,^ boil in milk, in butter is better, and work a fomentation. Boil brooklime^ and yarrow^ and wood chervil' in milk. • Smi/rnium olusatrum. - In Herb. iv. Verbena officinulia, but in the gll. Ferula. ^ Isatis tinctoria. ' Plantago lanceolata. '■" Veronica beccabunga. '' Achillea millefolium. ' Anthriscus silvestris. 38 LJSCE BOC, Ficus. » nTiAoxris. fol. 14 b. ]?ij> pypmum on eajum jeriim beolonan ffeb jfceab on jleba • bo tpa bleba pulle pserejief to fete on rpa healpe -j fite ]?8ep opep bp?eb ];onne f heapob hibeji -^j jeonb opep f pyp *j J^a bleba eac ]70nne pceaba]? ]?a pypmaf on j^set psetep. pi]? ]?eopable on eajum J)e mon ^epijo hset on Iseben hatte cimoSip • hsenne sejej- jeolocan -j mepcep pseb -j attpum -j tunmintan, Gpr pi"S jepijon fceapef holifcancan unfobenne tobjiec jebo ];Eet meapli on ]7a eajan. pi]? }>iccum bpseptim'^ jentm |?peo hanb puUa mucpypCe ]?peo pealtrep • ]?peo papan^ jiylle ]7onne oJ» ^ fie tpaebe bej^ylleb 'psey pofej- healb ]7onne on cypejienum pate, pam men^ ]?e habbaS ]ncce bpaipaf jemm cypejien paet bo J^sejion lybcopn 'j pealt jemenj • jentm cele];onian -j bifceoppypt -j jeacep pujian -j at- topla]?an -j fpjimjpypt -j enjlifce mojian • -j hpon psebicef ■j hjiepnep pot apaepc J^onne ealle jeot }7onne pm on • Iset ftanban apeoh ept on f cypejiene pset • Iset ]?onne ftanban ptptyne nilit -j }pa bepfcan beo]? jobe • hapa ]>e clcEne pletan bo on f pset ]7e ]>a, bepftan on pyn fpa pela fpa J^apa plietna ]?8ep on clipian magje • fcpep ])onne op })am p9Bte f bij? fpiSe 50b pealp Jmm men ])e hsep^ Jjicce bpsepaf, :. Alex. TraU., lib. iii. .III. Lsecebomap piS eallum eapena fape -j ece "j piS eap- ena abeapunje . -j jlp pypmaf on eapan fynb o]>]>e > See the glossary on.pg ; it is ffVKTJ, ffiiKoiffis, not x'^M*"''^ ; this is a misinterpretation of an Hellenic word. - Read j-apan. ^ I'arTi, MS. Read \>a. ni. LEECH BOOK. I. 39 23. For worms ^ in eyes, take seed of henbane/ shed Book I. it on gledes, add two saucers full of water, set them on two sides of the man, and let him sit there over them, jerk the head hither and thither over the fire and the saucers also, then the worms shed themselves into the water. For " dry" disease in the eyes, which is called the disease fig, and in Latin is called x^l^^^^^^s'"^ "No. ^vKwats. the yolk of a hens egg and seed of marche^ and olusatrum and garden mint.^ Again for the disease fig, break to pieces a hock shank unsodden of a sheep, apply the marrow to the eyes. For thick eyelids, take three handfuls of mugwort;^ three of salt, three of soap, boil them till two parts out of three of the ooze be boiled away, then preserve in a copper vessel. For him who hath thick eyehds, take a copper vessel, put therein cathartic seeds and salt there among, take celandine and bishopwort and cuckoosour and attorlothe ^ and springwort ' and English carrot, and a somewhat of radish, and ravens foot,^ then wash them all, then pour wine on ; let it stand, strain again into the copper vessel; then let it stand fifteen nights and the dregs will be good. Have with thee clean curds and introduce into the vessel on which the dregs are, as much of the curd as may cleave thereon. Then scrape the scrapings off" the vessel, that will be a very good salve for the man who hath thick eyelids. 111. 1. Leech doms for all sore of ears and ache, and for dea&ess of ears, and if insects are in the ears or an ' Worms are all creeping things, here insects, acari : Celsus has a chapter " de pediculis palpebrarum," Lib.VI. vi. 15, — " sive etiam vermi- «' culos (oculi) habeant aut brigan- " tes qui cilia arare et exulcerare " Solent." Marcellus, 275, c. Cf. ibid. f. The disease in Hellenic was eajiena fape "j ece beronican nipan 5e]:'ophte ]>a leap pelp ^ jecnupa on peapmum pastepe bo hpon 5epo- fobep elep to • jeriim p fpa placu mib ]nc]\e puUe bpype on f eape. Gfc pip* pon ilcan jemm ciepan jefeo]? on ele bpj^De on f eajie Jjone ele. pi]? eappsepce -j piS beape hunbep tunje -j penminte "j cellenbpe jecnupa on pm o]>]>e on eala afeoh bo on eajie. ]}!]> ]?on ilcan ^emm haenne ]iypele jemylte -j ]?onne jebo placo on eape jebpype on. PiJ? |>on ilcan jenim ele • jenim eac jope pypele jeor on ]7onne ^eyvc f pap apej. :• PiJ? Jion ilcan jemm beolonan peap jeplece -j J>onne on eajie jebpyp • ];onne f pap jefcilS. :• Cf. Marcell 284, e. Marcellus, 287, d. Pi]> ]?on ilcan jemm japleac "j cipan -j jope pypele jemylte "cojgebepe ppmj on eape. :• prS ]7on ilcan jemni ?emecan sejjiu jetpipula pjunj on eajie. piS eapena pape jemm jate jeallan bjiype 2S5^^b "^' °^ ^ eape • menj pi6 cu meoltic jip ]7U pille. piS Cf.Alex.Trall., eapena beape • jentm hjiyj^ejief ^eallan pi]? jaeten hlanb lib. iii. 1. gemenjeb jebpype jepleceb on f eape. :• ed. 1548. yip ]?on ilcan jip eapan piUen abeapian o]>]>e ypel hlyfc fie • jenim eopopep jeallan peajijiep jeallan • buccan jeallan jemenj ]n]> liunij ealpa em pela bpype on j3 eape. :• Pi]? }7on ilcan jip- ypelne hlyfc hsebbe ipieS peap |>9ep J)e be eop]?an plihS p clsenofce feap jemen^ pi5 pm bjiype on eape. :• 6pt: jiibban peap -j ^eplecebne ele tojrebepe jemenjeb bpype on pimboplice htelS. pij? ]?on ilcau jenim pam- fol. 15 b. Read j-elye ? I * Add h]'a, or mon. LEECH BOOK. 1. 41 earwig, and if the ears din, and ear salves. Fifteen Book i. • 1 Cli. iii. receipts. 2. For sore and ache of ears, pound new wrought betony, the leaves themselves, in warm water, add a somewhat of rose oil, take that lukewarm with thick wool, drip it into the ear. Again for the same, take an onion, seethe it in oil, drip the oil on the ear. For ear wark and for deafness, pound the herb hounds tongue^ and fenmint^ and coriander in wine or in ale, strain it, apply to the ear. For the same, take hen grease, melt it, and then apply it lukewarm to the ear, drip it on it. For tlie same, take oil, take also goose grease, pour into the ear, then the sore departs. 3. For the same, take juice of henbane, make it lukewarm, and then drip it on the ear ; then the sore stilleth. 4. For the same, take garlic and onion and goose fat, melt them together, squeeze them on the ear. 5. For the same, take emmets eggs, crush thetn, squeeze them on the ear. For sore of ears, take goats gall, drip it on the ear ; mingle, if thou will, cows milk with it. For deafness of ears, take neats gall mixed with goats stale, drip it, when made lukewarm, on the ear. 6. For the same, if the ears have a tendency to grow deaf, or if the hearing be ill, take boars gall, bulls gall, bucks gall, mix equal quantities of all with honey, drip this on the ear. 7. For the same, if one have ill hearing, mingle juice of ivy, that which runneth by the earth, the cleanest juice, with wine ; drip it into the ear. 8. Again, drip into the ear juice of ribwort and oil made lukewarm, mingled together, it wonderfully healeth. For the same, take rams gall, with urine of Cynoglossum officinale. \ - M. silvestris. 42 LiECE BOC. Cf. Marcell. 284, g. Cf. Marcell. 285, a. Marcellus, 282, d. fol. IC a. inej' jeallan mib hij' j'elpei" nihtnej'tijej* niijoj^an je- menje piS butejian jeot; on eape. Gft yip j^on ilcau hnutbeamej' junbe feap jepleceb bpype on eape. :• ])i\> Son ilcan jenim celenbpan feap jpenpe menj pi]7 pipep meoluc -j humjep bpopan -j jnnep jeplelit tofamne. Yi]> eapena abeapunje epr ellencpoppan je- tjxipulab f feap ppmj on p eajie. Gpt: pi]> J?on ilcan jen'im eopojiep jeallan • "j peapjief -j buccan menj pi]? liunij o]?]?e on ele ppmj on eape. :• Gpt; pib J70n ilcan jentm jpenne sepcenne fcsep leje on pyp jenim Jjonne f peap pe Inm op jae]? bo on j^a ilcan pulle pjimj on eape 'j mib ]??epe ilcan pulle poji- froppa Jjset eape, PiJ) ]3 lice ept jenim semetan hopf -j cpopleac -j neoj'opeapbe ellenpmbe o])])e beolonan "j ele jecnupa to Somne pypme on fcille bo J^onne on eape }?apa peabena iiemerena hopf* jenim ]7onne psebic -j eceb cnupa to Somne ppmj on f eape. jip pypmaf on eapan fyn jentm eop^ ^eallan jpenep feap • o)?|;e hunan peap • o]>])e pepmobep peap fpilc J^apa an fpa J^u pille jeot f feap on jp eape f tihS ];one pyjim ut. Pyjic fealpe jecnupa finpuUan 'j leo|?opypt' *j po-^ je^o ]7onne on jlaep pset mib ecebe -j ]mph claS appmj bpype on ^ eape. pij? ]?on jip eapan bymen • jenmi ele bo on mib eopocijpe pulle 'j popbytte f eape mib }>sepe pulle J?onne ]?u jiapan piUe 'j bo ept op J>onne Jju onpsecne. :• ' Read leaj^ojipy]! LEECH BOOK. I. 43 tJie 'pcitient liimself after a nights fasting, mix with butter and pour into the ear. Again for the same, drip into the ear juice of the rind of a nut tree made lukewarm. 9. For the same, mix with womans milk juice of green coriander, and a drop of honey and of wine, warmed together. For deafening of the ears again, try alder ^ bunches triturated, wring out the juice into the ear. Again for the same, take boars gall and bullocks and bucks, mingle with honey or in oil, wring into the ear. 10. Again for the same, take a green ashen staft', lay it on the fire, then take the juice that issues from it, put it on the same wool, wring into the ear, and stop up the ear with the same wool. 11. For the same, take emmets horses^ and cropleek^ and the lower part of alder rind or henbane and oil, pound them together, warm in a shell, then introduce into the ear the red emmets horses ; than take radish and vinegar, pound them together, and wring into the ear. If there be insects in ears, take juice of green earthgall,* or juice of Aorehound, or juice of worm- wood, whatsoever of these thou mayesb wish, pour the juice into the ear, that draweth the worm out. Work a salve thus ; pound sinfulP and latherwort** and leek, then place theiin in a glass vessel with vine- gar, and wring througli a cloth, drip the moisture on the ear. In case that there is a dinning in the ears ; take oil, apply it with ewes wool, and close up the ear with the wool, when thou wilt sleep, and remove it a^ain when thou awakest. Book I. Ch. iii. ' Sambucus niyra. "^ This talk of "emmets horses " is merely a misunderstanding of the ImrofivpfiriKes of Aristoteles. Hist. Anim. viii. 27. The translation hy Plinius, " formicse pennata;," that is, male ants, is commonly ac- cepted as true, of course, but it is both philologically and physically unsatisfactory. ^ Allium sativum. ' Erythrcea centaureum. '■' One of the sedum tribe, or all. " Saponaria officinalis. 44 LJ5CE BOC. 6pr pi]? j?on ilcan pepmob [^efobenne on pastepe on nipiim cytele bo op lieopSe Ise'c peccan ]>one fream on f eape "j popbytte mib ]7a3pe pypte li|?])an hit mjejan pie. pi]? eappicjan • jentm f micle jpeate pmbel fcpeap rpyecje ]? on pop]?ium pixS ceop on f eape he bi6 op pona. • iiii. Alex, Trail., lib. iv. fol. 16 b. Marcellus, 306, a. Marcellus, 306, b. Marcellus, 006, b. IMarcellus, 306, a. fol. 17 a. ^Lsecebomap pi^ healfjunbe -j J)?ep tracn hp8e]?ep he hit fie • 'j eac piS jealhfpile "j ]?potan • -j papenbe • pij:" fpeopcojie • xilll. cpseptaf. :• Pi]? healpjunbe ]7onne ?epeft onjmne pe healpjunb pefan fmipe hme pona mib hpy]?epef o}?J?e fpi'Soft mib oxan jeallan p ip acunnob ymb peapa niht hi8 haL Tip J>u polbe pitan hpgBj'eji ]3 healp junb fie • jemm anjeltpasccean jehalne leje on J^a ftope ]>sd\i hit a]?puten fie "j beppeoh psefte upan mih leaptim • jip hit healp- junb biS fe pypm pyp'S to eop]?an • jip hit ne bi]? he bij? jehaL 6pt pij; healp junbe jentm celenbep -j beana tojsebepe jefobene -j aleje on Sona topepe]?. 6pt la3ce- bom pi]? ]?on ilcan jemm psetephsepepn jebsepnebne -j jwnne jejmben fmale -j pij? hunij jemenjeb *j on jebon Sona biS peh pi]? ]?on ilcan ept jalbanum hatce fuj>epne ]?ypt leje J>a on Jjone fpeoppsepc • ]?onne atih'S hio mib ealle ]7a ypelan psetan uc -j ]?one junb. Pi]? ]7on ilcan ept bepen melo 'j hluttoji pic -j peax • •j ele menj tofomne feo}) bo cmhtef 6p]>e cilbep mije- Jjan to to onle^ene bo on ]7one junb. prS healp junbe ' Cf. Galeu, vol. x. p. 881, ed. 1825. LEECH r.OOK. T. 45 12. Again for the same, try wormwood sodden in Book I. water in a new kettle, remove it from the hearth, let ^'^" '^' the steam reek upon the ear, and when the a'pplication^ has gone in, close up the ear with the wort. Against earwigs, take the mickle great windlestraw^ witli two edges, which waxeth in highways, chew it into the ear, he, the insect, will soon be off. IV. Leechdoms against a purulent humour in the neck, and tokens of it, whether it be such, and also for wellings in the jowl and throat and weasand, and against quinsy. Fourteen receipts. 2, Against a purulence^'^ in the neck, when first the " Struma, Mar- neck ratten begins to exist, smear it soon with gall of ^^''^"^• a beeve, or best of an ox ; it is a tried remedy ; in a few nights he will be whole. If thou wouldst know whether it be neck purulence,^ take an earthworm '' A strumou.'; entire, lay it on the place where the annoyance is, and wrap up fast above with leaves ; if it be neck ratten the worm tm'neth to earth, if it be not, he, the patient, will be whole. Again for neck ratten, take coriander and beans sodden together, and lay on, soon it removes the disease. Again, a leechdom for the same, take a water crab burnt and then rubbed small and mingled with honey and done on, or applied, soon he will be well. For the same again, a southern wort has been called galbanum, lay it on the neck pain, then it draweth altogether out the evil wet or humour and the ratten. 3. For the same again, mingle together bere or harley meal and clear pitch ^ and wax and oil, seethe " Kesin- this, add a boys or a childs mie, nnake into an ex- ternal application on the matter. For ratten in the ' It ; the application, because ] - Cynosurus cristatus, some ; l*ceam is masculine. | . Igrostis spica venti, some. 46 L^CE BOO. eyt Jjfejie jieaban netelan pyptcpuman jej'obenne on ecebe -j jebeatenne *j on peaxhlajrey pij^an on aleb • pj: ye ^unb bi]^ ];onne onpnnenbe fio jpealj: lime cobjii]:!) • ji]: lie bi]? ealb hio lime ontynS -j fpa afrili5 p yj:el ut: o]> f lie lial bi5. :• GfC pi]7 ]?on mamjpealb tacn -j lascebom piS healj*- junbe 6p])e jeajlfpile ' oS6e J?]iotan o]?]?e payenbe • Sio abl t]' tpejea cynna. 0];ep if on ];am ^eajle -j |7onne mon Jpone mu]? ontyn^ bi]? jehppej^eji jefpoUen "j bi]? jieab 3'mb ]>a lipsectrunja • *j ne msej fe man e]jelice efiian ac bij> afmojiob • ne m^j eac nalit popfpeljan ne pel fpjiecan ne fcemiie nsep]? • ne bi^ ]?eop abl lip£e]:'epe to ppecne. Oj^eji "ip ponne on ]7?e]ie ]?jiotan bi]? fpyle -j lypfen fe ne msej nah"c jecpej^an -j biS pe fpile je on ]?am fpeopan je on )?8epe tunjan • ne msej fe man pel e]jian • ne J)one fpeopan on cejipan • ne hip lieapob popS on hylban f he hif napolan jefeon mseje • *j fol. 17 ii. butan 111]' man pa];op tilije he bi}? ymb j^peo mho jepajien. Tip fie ])?epe able bpyne Innan j^ssp fcjianj •p mon ne mseje utan jefeon fio bij? *Sy ppecenjie. Tip ]7onne fie^ on jehpa^l^epe liealpe pa ceacan afpollen •j fio ]?potu -j J)u pa tacn jefeo ponne fona Iset pu him blob on sebpe • jip pu f pujihteon ne mseje fceappa htm pa pcancan f Mm beah. Sele hnn fceajipne pyptbpenc pyjme him metef iBptep pon bepmb pone fpeopan 'j leje on Isecebomaf pa pe utteon pa ypelan psetan -j pset faji ponne bip pseji pyppe pen. Pypc him pa pealpe jentm fpmep ]iyfle jefmype ane bpabe pannan Innepeajibe mib pam jiypele pyl ponne peopp jofe fceapn to on pa pannan -j jeplece 'j ponne hit fy jemylt bo ponne on Imenne claS leje on p paji *j befpepe bo f pel opt on on bsej • 'j bip fpa betejie fpa ' Seaslfpi)'e, MS. j - Ecad fien. LEECH BOOK. T. 47 neck again, use a root of the red nettle sodden in Book T. vinegar and beaten, laid on in the manner of a cake ^ ''• '^' of was; if the matter be then beginning, the salve driveth it away ; if it be old it openeth it, and so the evil riseth out till he be hale. 4. Again for that, a manifold token and a leech dom for the neck ratten or jowl swelling or swelling of the throat or weasand. The disease is of two kinds ; the one is in the jowl, and when one openeth the mouth it is both swollen and is red about the uvula ; and the man can not easily breathe, but will be smothered ; he can not also swallow aught nor speak well, nor hath he voice ; this disorder, however, is not dangerous. Another sort is when there is a swelling in the throat and purulence, he, the 'patient, may not speak aught, and the swelling is both on the neck and on the tongue ; the man can not well breathe, nor turn his neck nor lean forward his head so that he may see his navel ; and except one attend to him somewhat speedily, in about three days he will be deceased. If the burning of the disease within be strong, yet there are no external signs of it, it is so much the more dangerous. If then on either side the jaws be swollen and the throat, and thou see the tokens, then soon let thou him blood on a vein ; if thou may not carry that through, scarify for him his shanks, that doth him good. 5. Give him a sharp wort drink, warn him off meat, after that bandage the neck, and lay on leechdoms which may draw out the evil humour and the sore, there will be then hope of recovery. Work him the salve thus; take swines fat, smear the inside of a broad pan with the fat, boil up, then east goose sharn into the pan, and make lukewarm, and when it be melted then put it on a linen cloth, lay it on the sore, and swathe up, apply that pretty often in a day, and it will be the better the oftener thou renewest 48 LiECE P.OO. ])U oftoji ebnipafc ];a j^ealfe -j oj:tO)i onlejefc fio tilrS f yfel lit. :• PiJ> healj'junbe jeriim peax 'j ele jeinen^ pi}» poyan blofcman •-] jemelt; trojsebepe bo ];9ep on, pi]? fpeoji- fol. 18 a. cop>e pypc on lecjenbe pealpe • jentm peajipep jelynbo •j bepan fmepu -j peax ealpa em pela pypc to fealpe ^ Alex. Trail, fmijie mib. ^Gpt: pij? ]7on ilcan jtp ]>u pmbe hpitne Paul.'iEoin. lumbej' Jjofc abpije pione -j je^nib *j afypt -j jeliealb f "'• ^^* pi]> j^aepe fpeojicoj^e -j J^onne ]?eapp pie menj pi]; liunij fmipe Jjone fpeopan mib f bij> fcpanj pealp "j job pr5 fpelcjie ablapunje -j bpune]7an -j pi]> ];apa ceacna ^e- fpelle oS6e afmopunje • fceal ];eali fe hunb ban jnajan ffiji • ]?y bi]? fe ]?ofr lipit -j micel jip J;u lime nimefc -j jabejiafr: set pylne^ ]?onne ne bi]> he to unfpete to jefrmcanne • ]?onne pceal mon ]?one jeajl eac fpillan jelome on J>8epe able • -j fpoljettan eceb pi}? pealt je- menjeb. 6pt pipleapan feapep ]?py bollan pulle lytle pceal popcuuolftan. pij? fpeopcoSe ept japleac jejniben on eceb f j^e fie pi]? paeteji jemenjeb fpille ]?one jeajl mib ]?y. pi]? fpeopco]?e ept pijep feopo]?a feo]? on jefpettum fol. 18 b. psetepe fpille }?a ceolan mib ]5y jip pe fpeopa pap pie pyn eac ]?a fpillmja lipilum bate J?onne ip eac to ]?ip]'e able jepet I? mon unbep ]?8epe tunjan Isete blob o]?}?e op eapme "j on mojijen on fppenje • jip hit ]?onne cniht fie Iset on ]?am fpeopan • *j on psepe able ip to pop- py pnanne piuej' -j plsepcep fpi]?0]'c ])y l^ej' fio ceole fie afpoUen. :• Pi]? ]?on jip mannep muS pap fie jemm betonican -j jetpipula leje on ]?a peolope. To mu5 j'ealpe -j to ' Read yyWc. In Lye jillen, omentum, is an eiTor for yylmen. LEECH BOOK. T. 49 the salve and the oftcner thou layest on. It will Book I. draw the evil out. 6. For matter in the neck, take wax and oil, mingle with rose blossoms and melt together, put this thereon. For swerecothc oy quinsy, work an onlaying salve. Take suet of bull and grease of bear, and wax, even quantities of all, work to a salve, smear with it. Again for the same, if thou find a white thost ^ of " Album 111 • T !• T'f>» Till' Griccuni. hound, dry it and rub it, and siit it, and hold it against the swerecothe, and when need be mingle with honey, smear the neck with it, that is a strong salve and good for such upblowing or inflation and brunella,^ and for swelling* of the jaws, or smothering. The hound must gnaw a bone ere he dro'ppeth the thost, then will the thost be white and mickle ; if thou takest and gatherest it at the flxU, then it is not too unsweet of smell ; one shall further often also swill the jowl in this disease, and swallow vinegar mingled with salt. Again, he shall swallow down three bowls of the juice of cinquefoil, little ones. For swerecothe or quinsy again, use garlic rubbed in vinegar which be mingled with water, swill the jowl with that. For quins}^, again, seethe the siftings of rye on sweetened water, swill the gullet with it, if the swere be sore, let the swillings also be whilom hot. Besides it is also laid down for this disease, that blood be let under the tongue or from an arm, and on the morrow apply a clyster. Further if it be a boy, let (blood) on the neck ; and in this disease it is well to warn off (the sick) from wine, and specially from flesh meat, lest the gullet be swollen. In case that a mans mouth be sore, take betony and triturate it, lay it on the lips. For a mouth ' A disease resembling diphtheria ; otherwise, Prima. VOL. II. D 50 L^CE BOC. jeblejenabjie 'cim;5an ppleajre • 'j lapembel leap }>yl on p£Ete]ie hajra lan^e on muSe "j jelome. Jij: monney ojiaS fie pul jenim bepen mela job. -j clsene hunij 'j hpir peak jemenj eall tofomne *j jnib ];a te]> mib fpiSe 'j jelome. :■ .VI. Lfficebomap pi}* toS psepce *j yi]) pyjimum je pi]; ]?am upejian toSece je pij; ]?am' nij^epan. :• ^ Herbar. Pi]> toj? paepce -^ betomcan feoS on pme oj; };]iibban ^ ^" ■ *■ ■ btel fpile j7onne jeonb ]?one muS lanje bpile. Pi6 to]? psejice jip pyjim ete • jemm ealb holen leap fol. 19 a. -j heojiot cjiop neo}>epeajibne -j paluian upepeajibe bepj^^l rpy bael on psetpe jeot on bollan "j jeona ymb Jjonne peallaS ];a pj=]imap on );one bollan. ^ip pyjim ete ]>& te'S jemm opeji jeape holen jimbe *j eopop }>jiotan mopan pel on fpa hatum^ hapa on mu]?e fpa hat fpa \>u hatoft mseje. Pi]? to8 pyjimum jenim ac mela 'j beolonan pseb -j peax ealpa em pela menj tosomne pyjic to peax canbelle • -j baepn la;t jieocan on ];one muS bo bl?ec hpasjl unbep ])onne pealla]? ];a ])y]iinap on. Pi8 to]? ptejice jebsepn hpit j-ealt -j japleac bepec on jlebum jebpseb "j bepenb -j pipo]i *j ftjifelpypt jejnib eal tofomne leje on, : yip top pjBpce hpepnep pot ])el on pme neo]?opeajibne oSSe on ecebe j'up fpa "Su hatoft mseje. pi]? toSpsepce I'll^fi, MS. I - hacum jwcjie LEECH nOOK. 1. 5] salve and for a blained tongue, boil in water iiveleaf, l5ook I. that is, cinque/oil, and bramble leaves, have it long in ^' ^" the mouth and frequently. If a mans breath be fijul, take good barley meal and clean honey and white salt,' mingle all together, and rub the teeth with it much and frequently. VI. 1. Leechdoms for sharp pain in the teeth and for worms, either for the upper tooth ache or for tlie nether. 2. For tooth wark, seethe betony in wine to the third part, then swill the mouth thoroughly for a long while. 3. For tooth wark, if a worm eat the tooth, take an old holly leaf and one of the lower umbels of hart- wort,^ and the upward ^^ar^ of sage, boil two doles" in water, pour into a bowl and yawn over it, then the worms shall fall into the bowl. If a worm eat the teeth, take holly rind over a year old, and root of carline thistle, boil in so hot water 1 hold in the mouth as hot as thou hottest may. For tooth worms, take acorn meal and henbane seed and wax, of all equally much, mingle these together, work into a wax candle, and burn it, let it reek into the mouth, put a black cloth under, then will the worms fall on it. 4. For tooth wark, burn white salt and. garlic, make them smoke on gledes, roast and tear to pieces, and add pepper and clubmoss, rub all together and lay on. 5. For tooth wark, boil in wine or in vinegar the netherward part of ravens foot,* sup as thou hottest may. For tooth wark, bray together to dust rind 1 That is, tlie best, purest salt. - Seseli ; perhaps, however, Hart- bramble, Rhamnus, may be meant. ^ That is, two of worts to one of water, ' Ranunculus ficaria. D 2 52 L^CE BOC. fol. 19 b. Marcellus, 296, h. linutbeamej" jimbe -j ]?ojni jimbe jecnua to bufre abpij on pannan fniS utan ];a te]; yceab on jelome. :• Pyjic ]>nY to]>yesi[\:e ofejifsepifc jimb -j hunij 'j pipoji men5 cosomne leje on • pypc eac j^ealjre op penpypre on J?a ilcan pipan. :• ]}i]> ]>am upepan Co]?ece jemm pi})opmban leap appmj on J)a nofu, ])i]> ]?am ni]7epan coj^ece plit mib J?e po]?opne o]> peet Ine bleben. :• Gpc jentm elmep pmbe jebsepn to alifan jemenj J)a ahpan pi|p psetep -j afeoh hapa j^eet paiteji lanje on mujje. 6pt jemm jeappan ceop fpijje. :• Herbar. Apul. i. 13. .VII. Tip mon blobe hjitece jenim betonican fjJilce fpa .III. penejaf jepejen jejnib on jsete meolc pele ]>]\y bajaf ]>py bollan pulle to bjuncanne. :• fol. 20 a. .VIII. ]}i\> blsece on -jplitan pyl to bsej^e pencepfan -j neo- }?opea]ibne fecj • cepcpmbe eappan pyl on psetepe lanje be]7e mib. To pealpe pij> bls&ce on "jplitan • omppan neojjopeajibe J>a ]>e fpimme bo pealt to -j pbetan -j cej. bpip y^-]> blsece on 'jplitan jemelte ealb fpic bpip on }?on • bo jejpunbenne pipop on • -j cpopleac hpsetenep melpej* tpy bsel fpilce ymy pipopep apyl lipset lipeja • jemm )?8ep ];peo fnseba jepefc a3ptep peapme. piS blsece jemm heopotep hojm jebsepn to ahpan "j fpepl -j je- bsepneb pealt ^ pic to alifan 'j fpa oftep pcella -j je- cnupa omppan finale "j jemenj eall to bjiij'e -j fmipe LEECH 1500K. J. Oo of nut tree and thorn rind, dry then in a pan, cut ' ilic teeth on the outside, shed on frequently. 6. Work a tooth salve thus, min2:le together oversea rind" and honey and pe})per, lay on. Work also a salve of wenwort in the same wise. 7. For the upper tooth ache, take leaves of withe- wind, Avring them on the nose. For the nether tooth ache, slit Avith the tenaculum, till they bleed. 8. Again, take elms rind, burn to ashes, mingle the ashes with water and strain, hold the water long in the mouth. Again, take yarrow, chew it much. Book I. Ch. vi. Vll. 1. If a man break up blood, take as much betony as three pennies weigh, rub in goats milk, give for three days three bowls full to drink. viii. 1. For a blotch on the face, boil for a bath fencress^ and the nether ward j;«ri of sedge,* ash rind, tares, boil long in watei-, bathe therewith. 2. For a salve against a blotch in the face, use the nether ward part of dock, which will swim,^ add to it salt and curds and egg. A brewit for a blotch on the face, melt old lard, on that a brewit, add ground pep- per, and cropleek,^ two doles of wh eaten meal as well as of the pepper, boil a little, take of it three slices, after that go to bed and get warm. For a blotch, take harts horn, burn to ashes, and sulfur, and burnt salt and pitch burnt to ashes, and so oyster shells, and beat sorrel' small, and mingle all into a brewit, smear ' By Sect. 7, it appeal's by te]> is meant the gums, cohiieoman. - Cinnamon. ^ Nasturtium officinale. * Carex. '■" This seems by Gerarde to be duckweed, Lcmna. " Allium sativum. ' Rumex Acetusa. 54 L/ECE BOC. niib. 6pt; j-ealp pel on aj>ybum I'ceapejf fmejiupe hse^- Jjopnep blolrman -j ]ni fmalan fmjpenan -j pubupopan nienj ]7onne hpitcpubii pi]? "j hpon biitepan. :• Cf. Marcell. 290, c. fol. 20 b. .Villi. rtp men ypne blob op nebbe to IpiSe jennn jpene betomcan -j puban jecnupa on eceb jeppmj tofomne fpilce ]-ie an plah fcms on Jja nofu. blob peten bifceop pypt nio];opea]ibe ere o^Se on meolce bpmce. Blob feten epc gemm liejeclipan jebmbe on fpeopan. blob fecen ept fppmj pypt bo on eape. :■ Blob peten ept pejbpreban bo on eape. :• blob peten ept jebal bepen eap beftmje on eape fpa he nyte. Sume pip pjiitat) -{- sejpyn • thon • ftpiith • pola apspenn • tajit • fuputh • on • tpia • enn • piath • liathu • mojipana • on hsel i-f- ajia • cajm • leou • jpotL • peopn • Hi • ppil ♦ cjionbi • p • |XI • nipo • cpon • sepcpio • epmio • aeR • leNo • je hopfe je men blob feten. :• ]}ip jeihote -j jepoi'um • jemm oxna lyb ni]7epeapb jecnupa pel piS pastpe • jip liio fie jpene ne bo J?u ]?8ep psetep to ppinj J>onne on ^ neb. :• Marcellus, 291, e. .XI. PjP pajium peolojium jefmipe mib hunije J)a peolopaj- gemm |?onne se;^eppelman bepceab mib pipope leje on. :• .XII. ^Pi]7 pouum muj^e jentm omppan 'j ealbne fpinef pyple pypc to pealpe fete on ]?one pen- bsel. pi]? ceolan ' KwLKhs (Tiraarfios. - you, here is a contraction of ])ohan, j^ogan. LEECH BOOK. I. 55 therewith. Again, a salve, boil in pressed sheeps grease, \'°"'^..i; hawthorns blossoms, and the small stonecrop and wood- rofic, then mingle mastic therewith and a little butter. IX. 1. If blood run from a mans nose too much, take green betony and rue, pound them in vinegar, twist them together like as it might be a sloe, poke it into the nose. A blood stopper; eat the netherward part of bishopwort or drink it in milk. To stop blood ao-ain, take hedge cleavers, bind it on the neck. 2. As a blood stancher again, put springwort' into the ear. 3. To stop blood again, put way broad" into the ear. 4. To stop blood again, poke into the ear a whole ear of bere or havley ; so he be unaware of it. Some write this : either for horse or man, a blood stancher. For snot and })oses or catarrhs; take the nether- ward part of stinking hellebore,^ pound it well with water ; if it be green do not apply water to it, then wring on the nose. xi. For sore lips, smear the lips with honey, then take film of egg, scatter it with pepper, and lay on. xii. For distorted mouth, take dock and old swines grease, work to a salve, set on the wry part. For swelling of gullet, for that, everfern^ also shall come ' Euforbia laihyris. i ^ Helleborus viridis. - Plantago maior. | ' Poh/podium vulgare. 56 L^CE BOC. Ipile pi]? ]?on pceal eopjipeajm eac I'pa -j jyj'jiipaii pyl on meolce flip }'onne -j jebej^e mib. ])\]? ceolan fpile bipceop pypt; aCeplaSe niSepeapbe -j claran ]'yl on ealaS. :• .XIII. ■^ PiS haep pceapbe hpic cpubu jecnupa fpiSe fmale bo sesep f hpite to -j menj Ipa ]m belu teapoji 6n- foL 21 a. fniS mib peaxfe feopa mib feolce psefce fmipe mib ]7onne mib p»8epe pealpe utan "j mnan asp pe feoloc potije • jip tofomne teo pece mib hanba fmipe ept pona. : .XIIII. pi]? pea^an • jiecelp lytel I'pepl fpejlef aBppel peax jinjipep ]7uph hopn bjimce • liunan hapocpypt on hlurcpum ealo6. .XV. Alex. Trail. ' Pi]' hpof ran hu he mippenlice on mon beciime ^ hu 1 . V. ini 10. j^^^, ^^^^ tilian fcyle. Se hpofra hsepS mamjpealbne rocyme fpa 'pa. fpatl beoS mippenhcu • hpilum cymS op unjemetpgej'Cpe ho3t:o • hpilum op unjemetpseptum cyle • ]^pilum op unjemethcpe bpijneppe. Pypc bpenc pi]? hpofcan • jeniin miicjpyjir feo]? on cypepenum citele -j pyl o]? ]3 hio^ fie fpi]7e ]?icce • -j hio" fie op hpsetenum mealte gepojiht ^enim ]7onne eopop- peapnef maept: bifceop pypt: • hmb heoloSan • bpeopje bpofclan fmjpenan bo to eall on pset fele bpmcan mib- fol. 21 b. belbajum -j pojija pup -j fealtep jehpset. pi]) hpoftan > B57|. I - Head he. LEECH BOOK. I. 57 into use, and boil cockle in milk, them sup some and bathe with it. For swelling of gullet, boil in ale bishopwort, the netherward part of attoiiothe, and burdock. Book I. Ch. xii. Xlll. For hair Hp, pound mastic very small, add the white of an egg, and mingle as thou dost vermillion, cut with a knife the false edges of the lip, sew fast with silk, then smear without and within with the salve, ere the silk rot. If it draw together, arrange it with the hand ; anoint again soon. xiv. For watery congestions^ called KXvlmsc, a little incense, some sulfur, beetle nut, wax, ginger ; let the ixitient drink through a horn horehowa.^ and hawk wort ^ in clear ale. XV. For host or cough, how variously it comes ujoon a man, and how a man should treat it. The host hath a manifold access, as the spittles are various. Whilom it cometli of immoderate heat, whilom of immoderate cold, whilom of immoderate dryness. 2. Work thus a drink against cough. Take mugwort,'' seethe it in a cojDper kettle, and boil till it* be very thick, and let it* be wrought of wheaten malt ; then take of everfern most, bishopwort, water agrimony,^ pennyroyal,'' singreen,^ set all in a vat, give to drink at the middays, and forego what is sour and every- ' Bpo7xoKTiA77, perhaps. - Hicracium. ^ Artemisia vulgaris. ' The gender of the pronoun makes it refer to the wort, whereas the process seems to require a mas- culine, referring to the potion. ^ Eupatorium cannabinum. ** 3Ientha pulegium. ^ Sempervivuvi tectorum. 58 L^CE BOC. ejzt; . jemm Imnan feoS on psetejie lele I'pa peapme bp.incan. :• Gyt jenim clifpypt fume men hata'S poxep clipe fume eapypt • 'j hio yy jepopht opeji mibne fumop feo]? ]7a on psecepe o]> f bpibban^ bsel p'sep popep op fie pele bpmcan J^pipa on bsej. PiS hpofcan ept jentm fsemmtan pyl on eala]? pele V bpmcan. 6ptr jennn fppacen bepmbpeb pyl on ealaS ]"ele bpmcan. :• 6ft: 5en[i]m hopn jeapj^an jieabe nerelan pyl on meolce. Gpc jentm pij> Lpofcan -j pi]? anjbpeofre ]-la- pian jobne bsel bo bollan pnlne jnnep to bepyl ppibban bsel on |)a pypte fupe on niht neptij. :• 6pr ^^ennn majmbian j^yl on ealaS bo pipoji on. 6pt; yip anjbpeofce jip men fie bpije hpofra • jemrn fpicep fnsebe J>ynne lege on liatne fcan fceab cyraeb on fete hopn on bpmce ]?onne fmic. :• PiJ? bpijum hpoftan ept jentm eolonan *j jalluc ete on bunijep teape. :• fol. 22 a. .XVI. V ]}i]> bjieoft paspce jenim ]>Sb lytlan culmillan -j cymeb ]iyl on hluttpum eala]? fupe 'j bpmce. 6pt jemni bpeopje bpoftlan -j jyj^pipan kyncean pelle on hlut- tpum ealaS bpmce fcenc pulne on neaht neptij, :• Pyl on ealaS pijp ]?on ilcan pnul mapubian betomcan •j bpmce. pijj bpeoft ]?8epce jentm puban • hunan -j ' Eead ^pibban = Sjiibba. LEECH BOOK. I. 59 thing salt. Again for host, take horehound, seethe in ^^^^^ I- water, administer it so warm to drink. 3. Again, take clifFwort,' some men call it foxes cliff", some riverwort, and let it be wrought past midsummer, seethe it in water till the third part of the wash be off", give it thrice a day to be drunk. 4. For host again, take sea mint, boil it in ale, give to drink. Again, take black alder rendered and purified, boil it in ale, give it to be drunk. 5. Again, take hove," yarrow, red nettle,"^ boil them in milk. Again, take against host and against breast anguish,* a good portion of slary,^ add a bowl full of wine, boil away a third part on the wort ; let the patient sup it at night fasting. 6. Again, take marrubium, boil it in ale, add pepper. Again, for breast anguish, if a man have a dry host, take a thin slice of lard, lay it on a hot stone, shed cummin on it, set it on a horn,*^ let the p)('dient drink in the smoke. 7. For a dry cough again, take elecampane and comfi'ey ; let the 'patient eat them in virgin honey. XVI. 1. For acute pain in the breast, take the little centaury and cummin, boil in clear ale, let the patient sip and drink. Again, take pennyroyal and cockle, artichoke, let him boil in clear ale, let him drink a cup fall at night fasting. 2. Boil in ale for the same, fennel, marrubium, betony, and let the patient drink. For pain in the breast, take rue, /lorehound and abrotanon,'^ rub to- ' Arctium lappa. -' Glechoma hederacea. ' Lamium purpureum. ^ Angina pectoris seems too limited. ^ Salvia sclarea. '^ Lye understands cj'meb as Xa^aibpis, germander, going by the syllables. ' Artemisia abrotanon. 60 LMCE BOC. appotanan jejnib toSomne I'msele on moptepe menj pi-S liumj -j ])]iy bajal" selce basj lep mete ]?pie cuclep . XVII. PiJ? heojit; psejice jTuban jelm I'eo]? on ele 'j bo alpan ane yntfan ro fmijie mib ]?y ]5 frilS ]7am fape. pi]; heopt ece jip linn on Innan heapb heopt psepc fie ]?onne Inm pyx]? pmb on ]?8ejie heoptan 'j hme J'ejeS ]7upft; "j bi]? unmelitijlic. :• Pypc htm ]?onne fcan bseS 'j on J^am ete lu]7epne pasbic mib j^ealte ]?y msej pefan fio punb jehseleb. fol. 22 b. pi]? lieopot ece eft jentm 5iJ>pi]:an {eo\> on meolce yele bjiincan • vi. bajaf. :• 6]:t nio];epeapb ejroppeapn 5y]?]nj:an • pe5bp8e[ban] pyl toj'omne pele bpmcan. pi8 liiopot ece ejit jenim pipop • -j cymen • "j coft ^ejnib on beo*^ o]>]>e on psetpe yele bpmcan. :• .XVIII. Paul, ^gineta, ]Dponan ]-e micla jeoxa cume o]?]?e hu hif mon Al^x" Tr 11 ^icatf pcule. Se cymS op ]?am fpiSe acoloban mag an . vii. 15. o])])e op ]7am to fpiSe ahatoban ♦ oSSe op to micelpe olHwcl'x Fylls • o]>]?e op to micelpe Isepnepj-e <• oSSe op ypelum psetan • plitenbum 'j fceoppenbum ];one majan • jip }7onne fe j-eoca man ]?uph fpipebpenc afpipS }>one ypelan bitenban psetan on pej • ]jonne popftent j-e jeolila • fpipe pa beah J^am monnum ])e po-^ pylle jihfa j-lih^ oSSe popjjon ye hie iNnan pcyppS 'j eac j'e jeohfa pe ]>e op ])i£Y ypelan psetan micelnyj-pe cym^S htepS }?eappe fpip- bpmcef • pe pypcS micelne pnopan eac -j fe hme bet • ponne pe jeohfa op Jjsepe iblan pambe cymS "j op J^sepe LEECH BOOK. I. Gl gctlier small in a mortal-, mingle with honey, and for pook I. three clays, every day before meat, let tliG imtient take Ch. xvi. three spoons full. xvii. For pain in the heart, seethe a handful of rue in oil, and add an ounce of aloes, rub the body with that, it stilleth the sore. For heart ache, if there be to him within, a hard heart wark, then wind waxeth in the heart for him, and thirst vexes him and he is languid. 2. Work him then a stone bath, and in that let him eat southern radish^ with salt, by that the wound may be healed. For heart ache again, take githrife, seethe it in milk, give to drink for six days. 8. Again, boil together the netherward part of ever- fern, githrife, and waybroad ; give to drink. For heart ache again, take pepper and cummin and costmary, rub them into beer, or into water, administer to drink. xviii. We here explain whence the mickle hicket^ cometh, and how a man should treat it. It cometh from the very chilled maw, or from the too much heated onaw, or from too mickle fulness, or of too mickle leerness, that is errhptiness, or of evil wet or humour rending and scarifying the maw. If then the sick man by a spew drink speweth away the evil biting wet, then the hicket abateth. A spew then is good for the men whom hicket teareth for fulness, or in case it scarifieth them within ; and also the hicket which cometh of the mickleness of the evil wet or humour, hath need of a spew drink, which eke worketh mickle sneezing, and amendetli the sick. When the hicket cometh of the ' Rhafanus sativa. "^ Holland and old writers spell Hicket, the moderns " hiccup," " hic- " cough," G2 LyECE EOC fol. 23 a. jelasjian ne bet ];one i'e j;no]ia. jip I'e jeohfa op cile cume ]?onne fceal mon mib pypmenbum Jjinjum lacman fpile fpa pipoji "ip -j o];pa pepmenba pypta o]>]>e jiuhan jejnibe mon optn ' j'elle bpmcan • o]>])e mepcef yveh mib pme^ o]>]>e eceb^ pelle bpmcan oS6e mtntan bpoS Correct cy men, op];e mojian • oS8e cymenef o]>])e jmjippan hpilum an- lepij fpa jepenobe • hpilum ];a pypta tojsebepe jebon on p pof pelle bjimcan • jtp op hatum ppetan ypelum on pone majon gefamnobum fe jeohfa cume -j he jepele f fe lime mnan fceoppe on ]7one majan • pele hmi };onne placu ppetep bjimcan fpi]?e hat • jebo j^onne pepejie on ele fcmje him jelome on ];a hpacan f he maje fpipan* j'ele htm pij? jeohfan cealb psetep "j eceb bpmcan -j appotanan jejnibene on pme. fi'om the Hel lenic Cf. Paul, -ffiginet. lib. iii. 37. ed. Aid. fol. 43 a. line 3.5. NauTi'a. 'Arop6|i'a. fol. 23 h. .X Villi. PiJ> plsettan ]>am men pe hme ne lyft hip metej' ne li])ep o^8e on majan untpum fie • oJ)]?e bitepe hprece • BOP'S jeallan -j pipop bjimce on peajimum psetepe pjiy bollan pulle on niht neptij. Gpt yip platunje puban pepmob bifceop pyjit mapubian pyl on ealaS fpipe ^efpet mib hunije leolitlice • jebyimc fpa hate]' fpa piii blob fie fcenc pulne bo fpa ponne pe peapp j'le. :■ .XX. pip j'culboji prepce ealbep fpinej- topb psep pe pelb- janjenbe fie menj pi^ ealbne ]iy]'ele jepypme leje on f beah pip pculbop ptepce je piS pib pjepce • pi's breofc prejice • -j pip lenbenpsepce. 6pu pyl betomcan -j nep- tan on ealo^ pele bpmcan jelome -j fimle set pype jefmipe mib penpypte. 6pt jenim fpmep pceapn peep pe on bun lanbe -j pyjitum libbe msenj pip ealbne pyj'ele For on jnn. 2 Not the same case. LEECH BOOK. T. 63 foul wamb and of the leer (yr emi^ty one, the sneezing Book i. doth not amend it. If the hicket come of chill, then ^''- ''^"'• shall a man cure it with warming things, such as pepper is, and other warming worts, or let one rub rue and give it in wine to drink ; or give seed of marche with wine or vinegar, or broth of mint or carrot,'^ '^ aomkov, Gr. or cummin, or ginger, at times singly andj so pre- pared. At whiles give to drink the worts together put into the wash. If the hicket come of hot evil humours collected into the maw, and the side onan feel that it scarifieth him within in the maw, give him then lukewarm water to drink " very hot," then put a feather in oil, poke him frequently in the throat that he may spew ; give him against hicket cold water and vinegar to drink, and abrotanon rubbed in wine. xix. Against loathing or nausea, for the man who hath no lust for his meat nor for his cup, or be infirm in the maw, or hreaketh bitter, as in heartburn, let him drink earthgall and pepper in warm water, three bowls full at night fasting. Again for loathing, boil strongly in ale slightly sweetened with honey, rue, wormwood, bishbpwort, marrubiura, drink of this as hot as thy blood be, a cup full, do so when need be to thee. XX. Against shoulder pain, mingle a tord of an old swine, which be a fieldgoer, with old lard, warm it, lay it on, that is good for shoulder pain or for side pain, for breast wark and for loin wark. Again, boil betony and nepeta in ale, give to drink frequently, and always at a fire smear with wenwort. Again, take sham of swine, which liveth on the downland and on worts, mingle with old lard, lay on, and let the patient drink 04 L^CE T,OC. leje on 'j bjiinc' betonican on jefpertum pme • jij: pefep liabbe bjimce on pserejie. :• nxfvpiTts. fol. 24 a. Herbar. Apul. i. 9. .XXI. Pi]; ]'iban j^ape ]7£ejie lpi]?pan bojen -j pebic *j hpite clfiepjian pyjic ro clame "j to bpence. pij> ]?se]ie pmef- rjian fiban fape pubupipan jecnupa on eceb -j pypc to clame jebmb on |;a fiban. GjTc betonican fpilc fpa ]y]\y penejaf jepejen • -j pipopep feop on *j xx. copna to Somne jetpipulab. jeot ealbep pmep Jjpy bollan pulle to • -j jeplece pele nilitnej'ti^um bpmcan. Gpt piS fiban pape jmban piS pypele^ jemenjeb "j jebeaten lecje on ];a fiban p bet, ])i]> piban pajie ept laupep cpoppan jebeate bjimce on j'cetepe 'j on }»a fiban l>inbe, ^Pi]> fiban fape ept caulep pypttjiuman jebsepn to alifan -j yi]) ealbne pypele jeraenj -j aleje on ]>a piban. Cf. Herbar. Apul. i. 10. Cf. Marcell. 353, c. fol. 24 b. .XXII. Pi]? lenben ece jenim betonican fpilce tpejen penejaf jepejen bo |?8Gpto fpetep pmej- tpejen bollan pulle menj pi]? hat pgeteji pele nihtneptij bjiincan. Gpt jenim jpunbe fpel^ean jebeat -j f peap pele bpmcan niht- neptijum. pi]> lenben ece ealipep liatte pypt jnib on eala]? -j bpmce ]>a. 'Pi]> }>on ilcan hunbep tunje hatte pyjit jenim ]>a. leap abpij -j ^ejnib to melupe jenim jjonne Ibepen mela jemenj pi]; ])a pypt ^ jebpmj J^onne on meolce. .XXIII. i(rx«eoli j^apan abelp nio]?opeapbne yecj pyl on psetepe Iset peocan on pset lim pre ]\lape fmijie mib j^ealpe ]?e mon Jmp pypce. Op fpmep fmeppe • pceapep fmepu • butepe • Icipteapo • pipoji • lipit cpubu • fpejlep seppel • i'pepl . cofc • eceb • ele • hpeppetre • pssbic • eolene • bifceop pypt • pealr • a3pc • apulbpe • ac • j^opn. .XXIIII. ])i\} cneop paepce • pubu peaxe • -j hejejiijre jecnupa ]>Si tojsebejie -j bo on ealu Iset bcjean neahtejuie j'ele him f l^onne bpmcan be|7e mib "j leje on. pi]? J»on jTp fol. 25 a. cneop pap fie • jemm pealpyjit -j clupj^unj • peabe netlan apyl on psetepe bej^e mib. .XXV. gip jcancan j'ape fynb jeiiim jij^jiipan -j boljjiunan • 'j hamoji pypT • *j beconican "j ban pyjit • 'j linpypc 'j pubn mejice • -j eopSjeallan • "j bpunpyjit peo]? on butepan fmipe mib:- Gip' fcancan pynb fojiobe mm banj'yjit jecnupa jeot cejep ]3 lipite menj tofomne fcancpopebum men. ]}i^ fopebum hme lege ];ap pealfe on p pojiobe lim -j jrop- leje mib elmpmbe bo fpilc to • ept fimle nipa o]>f jehalob fie jepenbjia ebn jiinbe 'j apyl fpi'Se bo ]?onne op })a pmbe jentm Impjeb jejpmb bpipe pic) ];am elmep bpsence f biS 50b jpealp popebum lime. tsiy, MS. LEECH ROOK. I. 67 also in addition, apple tree, thorn, ash, quick! )eara, Book I. everthroat, ashthroat, helenium, bishopwort, ivy, betony, " ^^^'" ribwort, radish, spraken,^ pepper, mastic, costmary, ' Mamnus ginger, sal ammoniac, nettle, blind nettle, work this-^'""^" to a drink. If thighs be paralyzed, delve up the netherward part of sedge, boil it in water, make it reek on the limb that is helpless, smear with a salve, which a man may thus work ; from swines grease, sheeps grease, butter, ship tar,^ pepper, mastic, beetle nut, sulfur, costmary, vinegar, oil, cucumber, radish, helenium, bishopwort, salt, ash, apple tree, oak, thorn. xxiv. For knee pain; pound together woodwax- and hedge- rife, and put into ale ; let it lie for a night, give him then that to drink, bathe with it, and lay it on. In case that a knee be sore, take wallwort and doffing, and red nettle, boil in water, bathe therewith. XXV. 1. If the shanks be sore, take githrife and pellitory and hammer wort and betony and bonewort and flax- wort and wild marche and earth gall and brownwort, seethe in butter, smear therewith. 2. If shanks be broken, take bonewort, pound it, pour the white of an egg out, mingle these together for the shank broken man. For a broken limb, lay this salve on the broken limb, and overlay with elm rind,'^ apply a splint, again, always renew these till the limb be healed ; clean some elm rind, and boil it thoroughly, then remove the rind, and take linseed, grind it for a brewit or paste with the elms drink ; that shall be a good salve for a broken limb. ' Fix navalis is frequent in Latin \ - Genista tinctoria. medicine of the time. j ' Cf. Aetius. I. i. v. TrreAea. E 2 68. L^CE BOO. AyKiiKuffis. Marcellus, 403, d. fol. 25 b. .XXVI. Gip fmo jefcjimce -j ept; • septep J?oii fpelle jemni jate tojib jemenj pi8 eceb fmit on yona halaS. CQone- jum men jefcpmcaS hip pet to hip homme pypc ba];o bo eapban to -j cepfan -j fmale netelan "j beopyjit bo on tpoh hate ftanap pel jehsette jebej^e ]7a hamma mib ]7am ftan baSe ]7onne hie fien jefpate ]7onne pecee he ]?a ban fpa he fpi])oft mseje bo fpelc to -j betepe fpa mon optop mib ]7y be]7i5e. Tip fmo clseppette mucjpypt jebeatenu -j pi]? ele jemenjeb -j on aleb. COycjpypte leap pij> jejiofobne ele jemen^ed fmijie mib |?y fona bi]> setftilleh fio cpacim;^. .XXVII. noSdypa. pi]^ pot ece betonicau- jeopmenleap* pmul* pibban* ealpa empela jemenje meoluc yi]> paeteji -j ■^ tofj'ollene Apul. Herb, l^ii^ p]iam ]?£epe upeppan healpe bej^e ]>y Ifep pe fpile ii. 17. In^epite • jenime Jjonne jalluc jefobenne leje on. ]?rS Cf. Marcellus, pota faRe 6p]ye jefpelle ppam miclum ^anje pejbpsebe 405, f. g. jetpipulab -j pi8 eceb jemenjeb, pi]? ]?on beah jpunbe Ipelje jebeatenu -j piS pyfele jemenjeb. Pi]7 potece jip pe pot ace mjefpice jenim mucjpypte pyptpumaii menj pi]> ele pele etan. Vi5 pot ece ept fol. 2c a. hunan peap pi]? ele jemenjeb fmipe ]?a papan pet mib. :• Pi]? potece jenim ellenep leap • -j pejbpseban -j mucj- pypt ^ecnupa le^e on -j jebmb on. .XXVIII. pi]? ban ece tunmjpyjit •' beolone • pealpypt ealbe jput "j eceb • heopotep fmepa o])]?e jate • o]?]?e jofe ' Tnnrm?; pyjir, TTerbarinm, cxxxviii. !^o read. LEECH JJOOK. I. 60 XXvi. Book I. If a sinew .shrink/'' and again after that swell, take ^, *. '. ° . . '^ That IS, when a she goats tord, mingle with vinegar, smudge it on, a leg is broken. soon the simeiu healeth. In tlie case of many a man, his feet shrink up to his hams, work baths, add tares and cress and small nettle and beewort,* put hot stones well heated in a trough, warm the hams with the stone bath, when they are in a sweat, then let him, the patient, duly arrange the bones as well as he can, apply a splint, and it is so much the better the oftener a man bathes with the "preparation. If a sinew have pulsation, mug wort beaten and mingled with oil, and laid on is good. Juice of mugwort mingled with rose oil, smear with that, soon will the quaking be stilled. xxvii. 1. For foot ache, betony, germen leaves^ that is noHypa. 'mallow, fennel, ribwort, of all equal quantities ; mingle milk with Avater, and Ijathe the swollen limb, from the upper part of it, with that, lest the swelling go inwards; then take sodden comfrey, lay it on. For sore of feet or swelling from much walking, waybread triturated and mingled with vinegar. For that dis- order, groundsel beaten and mingled with lard is good. 2. For foot ache ; if the foot ache go inwards, take mugworts roots, mingle with oil, give to eat. For foot ache again, juice of /iorehound mingled with oil, smear the sore feet with it. 3. For foot ache, take leaves of elder and waybroad and mugwort, pound, lay on, and bind on. xxviii. For leg ache, white hellebore, henbane, wallwort, old groats and vinegar, harts or she goats or goose ' Acorui: calamus. 7(^ LMCE BOC. meuj tofomne leje j^onne on, pi]? banece eft to bpence eleue • cneopliolen • pealpyjit • liune • clufj^unj jecnupa bo on pseteji ]3 ofep yjme be|?e to fype fpi^e ]7one ece ]7pea mib ]?y peetepe bo f j^pipa on bsej • pypc |?onne fealpe op tim[i]nj pypte op eolonan • op J^unjc • op pepmobe bo ealpa empela ]>ylle fpi'Se. .XXVIII I. Marcellus, ^^F mauuep jetapa beo]; pape oSSe ajmnbene beto- 395, a. mean jetpipula on pme bej^e ]>a fapan ftopa "j ]7a a]?unbenan mib ];y. 6pt jip hie bylfrilite fien oSSe ;^ebopfcene jenmi faluian feoS on psetepe bej^e mib ]?a jetapa. Part in Mar- 6pt bile jebsepneb remenj pi5 ahj-an liimig ^ pypc to cellus, 395, d. fol. 26 b. fealpe aj^j^eah ]>onne "j jebej^e ]?a pimba aejiept mib hate psetepe septeji j;on mib peapme ele je fmipe on }7am |;e psepe pip jefoben leje ponne J;a pealpe on. .XXX. xifxeTAof, J)jY pceal pi]j secelman -j piS J?on );e men acale f pel op Jjam potum • jemme neo|?opeapbe mebopypt -j lufc- mocan • -j acpmbe jecnua eall to bufte ^emenj pi6 hunij lacna mib ]?y. . XXXI. * Oy Kos. Vi]7 selcum heapbum fpile obSe jefpelle abpije beana •J jepeo]? butan pealte menj jjonne pi]? huuij leje on. ]}i]> })on ilcan jemm bepen melo peo]? on ecebe bo on ' Read i^emenj; \>a, ahj-an jn'S hunig. LEECH BOOK. I. 7l grease, mingle together, then lay on. For leg aclio Book i. again, for a draught, lielenium, kneeliolly, or butchers '' ^•'''*'"'- broom, waUwort, or dwarf elder, Aorehound, cloffing,^ pound these, put them in water, so that it run over, warm at the fire thoroughly, wash the ache or aching part with the water, do that three times a day ; then work up a salve of white hellebore, of helenium, of thung or wolfs bane, of wormwood, put equal quantities of them all, boil thoroughly. xxix. 1. If a mans instrumenta genitalia be sore or puffed out, triturate betony in wine, bathe with tliat the sore and puffed up places. Again, if they he mucous, or in eruption, take sage,' seethe in water, Imthe with that tlie instrumenta. 2. Again, take dill burnt, mingle the ashes with honey, work up to a salvo, then wash and bathe the wounds first with hot water, after that with warm oil or grease, on which myrtle has been sodden, then lay the salve on. XXX. This shall be good for chilblain and in case that the Pernio, skin of a mans feet come off by cold,^ let him take the netherward part of meadowwort and lustmock and oak rind, pound all to dust, mingle with honey, effect a cure with that. xxxi. 1. For every hard tumour or swelling, dry beans and seethe them without salt, than mingle with honey, lay on. For the same, take barley meai, seethe in ' Ranunculus sceleratus. ] ^ Oy Jjam focum, off the feet, - Cf. Myreps. xlvii. 10. | not of. 72 ].iECE BOC. 6ft; pi]7 ]?on belenan merij pi^ pyj'ele l^je on, pi& fjnle eft jebeat hunan nienj pi]? pypele leje on o8Se jate hopn jebsejmeb 'j pi]? ppeceji jemen^eb. Gyz jiypele o])]>e jelynbo pi]> japleac semenjeb -j on aleb l70ne fjnle Jjpsen]?. ]}i]> fpile efc cepfiUe jecnupab mib jiyj'ele "j on jemelt peax jebon -j on aleb bet. :• ViS fpile eft jate fl?3fc jebsepneb to ahfan mib fol. 27 a. psetepe on jefmiten ealne ]jone fpile topepe]?. 6ft mnipejii p ip jojift f j'seb jecnupa "j peo]? on psetepe. 6ft pmfuUe pi]» pypele jemenjeb -j pi]? lilap "j pij? celenbpan 88t • pomne jemenjeb. ])i]y yp lum pajtan "j I'pile jentm heopotep pceapo]?an op })ani hopne o]>]>e j^sej- hopnep melo menj pi]) psetep. finit on eal f popml" •j ]7one ypelan pgetan apej be]? -j abjiip]*. :• Pi]) fpile jemm jate tyjiblu on j'ceajipum ecebe jej-oben -j on pelpe pifan on jebon. Pi]? selcum yplum psetan mucjpypite }?a jjienan leap jetpiipulab -j pi]7 pypele jejmben tojsebepe fmipe an je }>eoli J'Pep bylftan on lynb f beali ]>i]> ]>an • je f beah eac pi]> pota ^efpelle. ^i} mnan jepypfmebuni jefpelle j^am ]?e pyjiS op pylle o]>]>e op jie^e oS^e 6f hp.icpca hpilcum • ]>&, pypt ]>e hatte plpleape • jeniiii "j jebeat "j leje on jelome oJ> ^te open fie pe fpile lacna ])onne ]>a punba fpa o}>fie punba. piS fpile ept hluttop fol. 27 b. l^ic jemm bo ahfan to feoS setjsebepe jeleje }70nne ]7one fpile mib ]»y jelome. pi]? fpile eyz jate typblu bpije ^ejnib -j afipte ]m\\h fma^l fipe bo ]'onne jiyple ].KE(J11 JJUUK. i. 73 vinegiir, put ou. Again for that, niingle henbane with Book I. Lird, lay on. For a swelling again, beat horehonnd, ^^' ^^^'' mingle with lard, lay on, or goats horn burnt and mingled with water. Again, lard or suet mingled with garlic, and onlaid, dwindleth the swelling. 2. For swelling again, chervil pounded with lard and added to melted wax, and laid on, is to boot oi- amend. 3. For a swelling again, goats flesh burnt to ashes, smudged on with water, removes all the swelling. Again, pound the seed of juniper, that is gorse,^ and seethe in water. Again, houseleek mingled with lard and with bread and with coriander, mino;led too-ether. Against ill humours and swelling, take shavings oft' the horn of a hart, or meal of the horn, mingle with water, smudge it on, it doth away and driveth off' all that ratten and the evil wet. 4. Against swelling, take goats treadles sodden in sharp vinegar, and applied in the same manner. 5. For every evil humour,^ mugwort, the green ^\iyixa and leaves of it, triturated, and rubbed together with lard, ^'''^''^• both smear on the thighs on which the mucus is, that is good for them ; and that is good also for swelling of the feet. For a swelling purulent within, such as cometh of a fall or of a blow or of any crick, take the wort that hight fiveleaf Oi' cinquefoll, and beat it and lay it on frequently till that the swelling be open, then tend the wounds as other wounds. For a swelling again, take "clear pitch," ^ add ashes, seethe together, then overlay the swelling with that frequently. For swelling again, dry goats treadles, grate and sift them through a small sieve, then add lard, as much as ' Some verb must be supplied to ' - Pituita molesta, of Horatius. form a sentence, as frequently hap- • ^ Probably resin, as solid. See pens. And of course iuniperus is Elseccepu, pale tar, in Lye. not gorse. | 74 L^CE EOC. to fpa fpa j^yn tpa punb -j ealbef pmej" fjnx micel fpa jje p)ince pypc to fealpe. 6pt jebsejineb j-ealt jejiiib pel on jepleceb prt3tep o]) f hit fie fpa }?icce fpa hunijef teap leje on j7one fpile ojrep leje mib cla6e -j mib eopcijjie pulle binb on. pi]? paeplicum fape -j jefpelle mm peax -j liemlic jetjiipula ]'y]ic fpa peajiin to pealpe biiib on f j'aji. :• Pi]? y-ceji fpile • mm liunan jebeat -j jemenj pip jiypele leje on. 6pt mape tpymhte jput mealtep fmebma • cepfan • cejej- p bpite bifceop j'ypt • elene • ontpe • elehtjie • fijfonte • jalluc menj tofomne leje on. pi]? beabum fpile • Nim jjiunbefpeljean leje on jleba "j jepyjime "j leje }>onne fpa peapme on ]7one fpile •j bebmb mib cla'Se Inet beon nihtejine on jip hip ]?eapp fie. TJi5 beabum fpile ajpimoman jebeat menj pi5 pm fol. i:s a. "j pijp ]-ealt bo on ]7one fpile pona jepit apej. Ipi]) fpile attopla^an jecnupa lege on ]jone fpile leje la^fc on f bolh pelf, bpenc pi]? beabum fpile ]3 he utplea eopop- }?pote • eolone • jotpoSe • tpa penpypta bo on ealu bpmce. pi]? beabum fpile jemm fpane pypt [^ecnupa pel jemenj pi6 pejifcpe butepan leje on Jione fpile o]? ^ jelacnob fie. pi]? fpile cunille • fpjimj pyj^t elate pyl on butepan -j on hunije leje on ]?a ]?ypta jemenj piS ije^ey ^ hpite. Spe}?m5 pi]? fpile • ban pypt upe- peapbe jecnupa fmeele ]?a )?ypte jemenj piS tujep f hpite beclsem ^ lim mib ]?e j'e fpile on fie. Pypc ]? hiep op ]?am ileum pyjitum on cealbum pylle paetpe jecnupa ]?a pfpta f]'i]?e pel lege on f pjetep lapa on ]?one fpile. :• ViS fpile cnupa mSepeapbe hamop pypt *j pecj bmb on. LEECH BOOK. I. 75 two pounds, and as much of old wine as to thee may Book i. seem good, work to a salve. ^''- ^^^^' 6. Again, rub burnt salt well in water made luke- warm, till that it be as thick as a tear of honey, lay on the swelling, overlay with a cloth, and with wool of ewe, bind on. For sudden sore and swelling, take wax and hemlock, triturate, work this so warm into a salve, bind on the sore. 7. Against a sudden swelling, take horehound, beat and mingle it with lard, lay on. Again, mingle to- gether the cottony potentilla, comononly called silver- weed, groats of malt, smede or fine flour, cress, the white of an egg, bishopwort, helenium, ontre, lupins, " sigsonte," comfrey, la}' on. For a dead^ swelling, take ' Without groundsel, lay it on gledes and warm it, and lay it so ^'^^^^g- warm on the Bevelling, and bind on with a cloth, let it be on for a night, if need be for that. For a dead swelling, beat agrimony, mix with wine and with salt, apply it to the swelling, which soon will depart away. For swelling, pound attorlothe, lay on the swelling, lay least on " the wound" itself A draught for a dead swelling, that it may break out, put carhna, helenimn, goutweed, the two wenworts into an ale drink. For a dead swelling, take " swanwort," pound it well, mingle with fresh butter, lay on the swelling till that it be healed. For a swelling, boil cunila, springwort,^ clote, in butter and in honey, lay the worts on, mingle with them the white of an egg. A swathing for a swelling, pound small the upper part of bonewort, mingle with the wort the white of an egg, plastei" the limb on which the swelling may be, with that. 8. Work the bath of the same worts in cold well water, pound the worts very well, lay on, leave the water on the swelling. 9. For a swelling, pound the netherward part of hammerwort and sedge ; bind on. ' Euforbia lathyris. 76 lyece eoc. .XXXII. 'AA^ds. AiVKT]. Lsecebomaf ]>i]> blaDce -j bae]? yiptyne ealjia. pel eolenan ni]?epea]ibe -j mintan 6n^ j'ealcej- pynian fol. 28 b. ']> hit fie jncce fpa bpip jemenj tojsebejie fmipe mib. ]>i]> bltece mm eolonan iii]?epeapbe "j ompjian eac fpa fio ])e fpimme "j ontpan 'j bij'ceop pyjit 'j a^pcpmbe ]-eo]? on butepan apeoh ]mph cla6 menj ];oune piS pipop •j pi]? teopan jejpmb fmijie mib. pi]? bl[ece pyl eolo- nan on butepan menj pi]? jfote j-ealt • teojio • liunij • ealb pape fmipe mib. piS blsece jenlm jope fmepo -j ni]?epeapbe elenan *j bapan fppecel bifceop pypt "j liejjiipan ]?a peo]?e]i pypta cnupa tofomne pel appmj bo ]?ffip6n ealbjie fapan ciiclep pulne jip ]?u hsebbe lytel eley menj pi]? fpi}?e -j on niht aly]?pe. Sceappa ]?one fpeopan opep funnan fetljanje geot fpijenbe ]? blob on ypnenbe ]?8etep fpip ])pipa sep'cep • cpe]? ]?onne hapa ]?u ]?a]- iinh^ele • -j jepi'c aj^ej mib janje ept on clsenne pej to hufe *j 5eli])8e]?epne janj fpijenbe. bse]? piS bloBCe apyl tyn j-i]?uni ]?a pypte on hpepe -j fynb- jujea betonican • neptan mapubian- ajpimonian* jeappe* fol. 29 a. mmte ebheolo]?e limblieolo]>e • cupmealle • eopb jealla • bile • mepce • piiiul ealpa empela ^epyjic ]?onne fcol op j?pim tpeopum ni]?an Sypele fite on bybene "j ])e opep- lipep upan mib hpitle py Isep pe 8e]?m ut • jeot; unbep J?one fcol on ]?a bybene leet peocan on • fpa ]?u meaht on ]?am pyptum J?pipa bon • -j unbep ni]?an ftype mib friccan ^ip ]?u hattpe j^ille • 'j tep }?am b8e]?e fmipe ]?one lichoman -j }?one •jplitan mib jefpette pastpe "j jehpep tpa sejpu on hatum psetejie ji;efmi]ie ealne ]?one lichoman mib. ' on on, MS. I - majubian, MS. LEECK r.OOK. I. 77 xxxii. Book I. f"h. xxxii. 1. Leechdoms for blotch and baths. Fifteen in all. 2. Boil the netherward part of helenium and mint in the runnings of salt, that it be as thick as brewit, minofle together, smear therewith. Against blotch, take the netherward part of helenium, and so also of dock (that which will swim), and ontre, and bishopwort, and ash rind, seethe in butter, strain through a cloth, then mingle with pepper and with tar, grind these, smear therewith. For blotch, boil helenium in butter, mingle with soot, salt, tar, honey, old soap, smear therewith. For blotch, take goose grease and the netherward part of helenium and vipers bugloss, bishop- wort and hayrife, pound the four worts together well, wring them, add thereto of old soap a spoon full, if thou have it, mingle a little oil with them thoroughly, and at night lather on. Scarify the neck after the setting of the sun, pour in silence the blood into running water, after that spit three times, then say, " Have thou this unheal, and depart away with it ;" go again on a clean way to the house, and go either way in silence. A bath ^ for blotch, boil ten times the worts in a basin ^ , , , . •■' Inula iiele' and separately betony, nepeta, marrubium, agrimony, „,„,„. yarrow, mint, horseheal,'"^ hindheal,^ churmel,*^ earthgall,'^ " Eupatonum dill, marche, fennel, of all equally much, work then a <= chhra per- stool of three pieces of wood, with a hole below, ^^^ 1"^^^%^.^^ on a bucket,^ and robe thee over from above with a centanreum. garment lest the vapour escape ; pour the pre2Mred hot liquor under the stool into the bucket, let it reek on thee. So thou mayst do thrice with the worts, and underneath stir with a stick if thou wilt have it hotter; and before the bath smear the body and the forehead with sweetened water, and shake up two eggs in hot water, smear the whole body therewith. ' nupnj. Hippokr. I - Byden, now Bidet. 78 LJECE BOC. Lsecebom pi]? lijieofum lice • abelpe ompjian *j jelob- pypt ;^ecnupa • yyl ]?onne on but(3]ian bo lipon ]-ealtep to. ]}i]> beabum lice fcsejjpyjit mejice jnib on ealoS ]-ele bjimcan. PiS hjieop le pell on hlonbe cpicpmbe ^ • ellenjimbe nijpepeajibe • sepc pmbe • -j pab • elm pmbe • hemlic bo j^onne butejian on -j liunij. pi]? hpeople pejbppebe IsecepypC • leac • inmte • ina5])a • eolone • fpepl jecnupa pi]' pyfle bo )78ep f[p]eplep fpilcan J^apa pyjita tpsebe. fol. 29 b. pi]? lijieople ept jemm lioppey jiyj'ele 5emen[5] fpi]je pij; fealce fmipe mib. b?e]; pi]> lipeople • pyl on pgetejie sepcpmbe • cpicbeam jiinbe • liolen jiinbe • pulanbeamej' • ananbeamef • fecj • J^eoppypt • hejepipe • mapubian • he]>e mib • -j ]5 lie jnib mib ]?pepe liejepipan. Pype j'ealf e op majiubian on butejian • op pyjim nuilupe • op hapan fppecele • hejepipan • jentm healpe ];a pealpe jemenj pi]? jecnupabe elenaii fmipe o]? ]5 batije • pi]>]?an mib ]??epe o]?eppe. bsej? pi]? J^am miclan lice eolone bpom • ipij • mucpypt selppone • beolone • cotruc • epe- lafran pyl on pPDtejie fpi]?e jeor on bybene -j pitte on. bpmce ]?ipne bpenc pi]? }^on • beronican • cujimiUe hope* ajjiimonia • fppmjpyji'c • jieabe netle • elehcjie • Saluie • fmjpene • alexanbjiia • fie jepoplit op pilifcum ealaS bpmce on }?am l)a}?e 'j ne IsBte on ]?one e]?m. Sealp pij? ]?am miclan lice • elene • ]>u.n-^ ompjie • jjmnbefpelje • hole cepfan • pejbpcebe • epelafce • ontpe • hope • jaUuc • fol. 30 a. cele]?onian • cottiic pel on butepan eal tojsebepe liealp ' Read ci'icbeanijiinbc. LEECH BOOK. T. 79 3. A leechdoin for a leprous body, delve up dock and silverweed, pound them, then boil them in butter, add a trifle of salt. For deadness of the body, rub in ale staithwort, marche, give to the patie7it to drink. For a leper, boil in urine ^ rind of quickbeam, the netherward part of elder rind, ash rind, and woad, elm rind, hem- lock, then add butter and honey. For a leper, pound with lard waybroad, leechwort, leek, mint, may the, helenium, sulfur, put of the sulfur two parts to one of the worts. 4. For a leper again, take fat of a horse, mingle thoroughly with salt, smear with that. A bath foi- a leper, boil in water ash rind, quickbeam rind, holly rind, the foultree or black alder rind, rind of spindle tree, sedge, ploughmans spikenard, hapife, marrubium, bathe therewith, and rub the body with the hayrife. Work a salve of marrubium in butter, of worm" meal, of vipers bugloss, hayrife, take half the salve, mingle with pounded helenium, smear till it get better, then smear with the other half. A bath for the mickle body or elphantiasis, boil in water thoroughly helenium, broom, ivy, mugwort, enchanters nightshade (?), hen- bane, mallow, everlasting, pour into a byden, and let the iKitient sit upon it. Let a man drink against that disorder this drink ; betony, churmel, hove, agrimony, springwort, red nettle, lupin, sage, singreen, alexanders, let it be wrought out of foreign ale, let the sick man drink it in the bath, and let him not allow the vapour to reach it. A salve for the mickle leprous body, helenium, wolfsbane, dock, groundsel, field gentian, waybroad, everlasting, ontre, hove, comfrey, celandine, mallow, boil all in butter together, let half the salve Book I. Ch. xxxii. " Cf. Aetius. I. ii. 108. - Thus in later times : " Fair large Earth-worms gathered in May when they couple ; put them into a Pail of Water at night till the next morning, so will they have cleansed themselves, then dry them before the fire, or in an Oven, which when through dry, beat into Ponder.'" Salmon's English Physician, p. G97, ed. 169.3. He adds the cures. 80 LyECK ROC. fie fpinef pyyele o"55e liojij'ey fmejiu • fmijie p>onne mib. Pi8 fpile jemm pejbpasban mo]7opeajibe jecnupa yi]> pyfele leje -j jebmb on ]?one fpile. Ai;/CTai;'ai. AKpoxopSciv, fol. 30 b. .XXXIII. Djiencaf -j )'ealj:a pi); I'ppmje • ipjiinjpyji'c peabe hope • jjejbpiebe • pepep puje • appotane • majej^e • pipoji • j'tn . jip lie on eajian fie jebeate pe^bpteban • -j pepeji pujean -j pipop • ppmj on ]5 eape. To pealpe pi^ ipjiinje • ntm bolhpnnan • pejbpa^ban majej^an • J?one ]j]iaban capel nio]7opeapbne • jeojimenleap ni];epeapb • bocce nij^epepb • peabe hope • burepe "j hunij. Sealp epr mebopypt. aeumban* hmb hioloSe* jeappe* cneop- holen . sej^elpep^mj pypt . ajpimonia. Pi]? beabum fpjunje. Pyl on butrepan felpsetan fBptep ]?am^. *j fppmjpypt. pi]? fppmje majej^a • pubu mepce • pypc to j-ealpe bpmce jobe pypta. Ui}? fppmje • mm elehtjian jecnupa on hunij menj ro fomne lege on ]?one fpile oj7]?8et hal pie. PI'S fppmje fppmjpyjit: ceppillan ^j hunij 'j jope fmepa jecnupa pyl to pomne leje on Sone fppmg. . XXXIIII. 51 p nsejl fie op hanba -j pij? peap.hbpseban ntm hpgete copn menj pi^ hunij leje on ]?one pmjeji. Pi5 anjnsejle ap^efpeopp -j- ealbe j-apan *j ele jip ]?u hsebbe ^ip j^u nsebbe bo plytan to menj tofomne leje on." :• Pi]; peaphbpseban • ma3o];an cjioppan pyl on butepan •j fealt fniipe mib. ' Read 8e}e]i}»an. I -In the margin is some cypher. LEECH BOOK. I. 81 be swines fat or horse grease ; tlien smear therewitli. Book l. Against swelling, take the netherward part of way- broad, pound with grease, lay and bind on the swelling. xxxm. 1. Drinks and salves against pustule; springwort, red hove, waybroad, feverfuge, abrotanon, maythe, pepper, wine. If it, the inistule, be on an ear, beat waybroad and feverfuge and pepper, wring tlie'm into the ear. For a salve against a pustule, take pellitory, waybroad, maythe, the netherward part of the broad colewort, the netherward part of mallow, the netherward part of dock, red hove, butter, and honey. A salve again, meadow wort, tow,^ water agrimony, yarrow, butchers broom, stichwort, agrimony. 2. For a dead pustule; boil in butter the herb wild oat, teferth, and springwort. For a pustule, maythe, wood marche, work thesa into a salve, let him drink good worts. For a pustule, take lupin, pound in honey, mingle together, lay on the swelling till it be hole. For a jDustule, pound springwort, chervil, and honey and goose grease, heat them together, lay tliis on the pustule. xxxiv. 1. If a nail be off the hand, and against a warty eruption,''^ take wheat corn, mingle with honey, lay on pro^ablv""'' the finger. For an angnail,^^ brass filings and old soap, b xiapwvvxM, and oil if thou have it, if thou have it not, add cream, mingle together, lay on. 2. For warty eruption, heat in butter bunches of maythe and salt, smear therewith. ' Understand, in ashes. " Lin- I medicina; est ; et einis spodii (h-orj/ teorum lanugo e velis navium ma- \ Jiliiigs) vimhabet." Plinius, xix. 4. ritimarum maxime, in magno usu I VOL. II. F 82 L^CE BOC. .XXXV. Me\avia. Be afpeajitebum 'j abeabebiim lice iio abl cymb oftol'r Cf.Gliltumde*^^' ^™^"^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^®^™^ ^^ ^^^ ^epitenpe peo]i]>e« Simpl. Med. jipiluiii lic afpeajicob • ];onne op j^am p pum pelme fio ed. 182G. ' ^^1 ^1^^*^ cealbum l^injuni bi]^ to celanne -j to lacmanne • *j ]?onne fio abl cymS utan butan fpeotolum tacne • J^onne pcealt J;u jepept ]?a liseto celan mib cellenbjie jetjiipulabpe mib lilapef cjiuman oppenbiim mib cealb ptetpe oj'j^e mib ])y pelpan feape J^sepe cellenbpe • o])])e fol. 31 a. mib ssje]' ]>y hpite oJ^J^e mib pme o]>]m mib o])pum Jjinjum ]7am J?e p ilce rasejen htebbe • ]wnne pe ]jelma -j fio liseto fie apej jepiten "j pe bsel ]>i!ey liclioman fie jepenbeb hpon o^Se blaac oJ'J'e pon o]>]>e fpilcep hpget j'ceap.pa J^onne ];a fcope ]?oiine betft j^u "Sa • "j bjuje mib onlejene fpa fpa mon on peax lilape *j op peajimmn bepe • -j op fpelcum l^mjum pypcS.^ Nif him blob to Iretanne on tebjie ac ma liipa man pceal tilian mib pyptbpencum utypnenbum o])]>e fpij^lum o]>]>e mijo- Itim mib J>y ]>u mealit clajnfian f omcyn -j ]>8ep ^eallan- co'Se l^a jieaban • je ]>eah ]? ypel cumen ne fie op ]?ajia omena pelme fpa l:»eali beali fpilcum mannum j'e peeappa pyptbpenc. Tip }>a omihtan pannan j^mj o]?]?e J?a peaban fyn utan cumen op punbum o]>]>e op fmj'injum oSSe op plenum fona J>u ]?a J'lnj lacna mib pceappmje -j onlejena bepef septep ];sepe pifan J?e Isecaf cunnan pel \)u. hit betft. Tip ]3 afpeajitobe lie to ]7on fpi|7e abeabije fol. 31 h. ^ |;ae]i nan jepelnep on ne fie |?onne pcealt ]?u pona eal "^ beabe *j ]3 imjepelbe op afni]?an o\> f cpice he • ]3 Jjseji na miht |)?ep beaban licef to lape ne fie J^aef j^e sep ne ij-en ne pyji jepelbe. jGpteji J'on lacnije mon )ja bolh fpa J>u ]?one bsel ]>e ]?onne jit hpilce hpeja ' pync, MS. LEECH BOOK. T. 83 XXXV. Book I. Ch. XXXV. Of swarthened and deadened body. The disease Cometh oftenest of corrupt humours after the inflamma- tion of the disease which has passed away, the body whilom becometh swarthy. Then, from the original inflammation, the disease is to be cooled and to be tended with cold appliances. And when the disease Cometh from without, without a manifest token of its cause, then shalt thou first cool the heat with triturated coriander, with crumbs of bread moistened with cold water or with the juice itself of the coriander, or with the white of egg, or with wine, or with other things which have the same virtue. When the inflammation and the lieat are gone away and the part of the body is turned somewhat to he either pale or livid or somewhat such, then scarify the place, thou wilt then better it ; and dry it with an application such as a man works of wax cake and warm beer and of such things. He is not to be let blood on a vein, but rather the symptoms shall be tended with wort drinks, of a perfluent nature, either emetic or diviretic, with which thou mayest cleanse the corrupt humour and its red gaU- sickness. Yea, though the evil be not come of the inflammation of the corrupt humours, yet for such men the sharp wort drink is beneficial. If the pituitous livid or red symptoms be come from without, from wounds or from cuttings or from blows, soon do thou heal those matters with scarif5dng and onlayings^ of ^ 'Ein06>aTa. barley, after the manner which leeches well know; thou shalt amend it. If the swarthened body be to that high degree deadened that no feeling be thereon, than must thou soon cut away all the dead and the unfeeling fiesJi, as far as the quick, so that there be nought remaining of the dead flesh, which ere felt neither iron nor fire. After that one shall heal the wounds, as thou wouldst the part which as yet may P 2 84 L^CE BOC. jejrelnej^j-e lisebbe • "j eallunja heabe ne fynb/ pu j-cealt: mib jelomhcjie fceappunje hpilum mib miclum* lipilum mib jreaptjm pene ^ teoli~ f blob ppam ])S3]\e abeabeban fcope laciia 6a pceajipan ]my • ^emm bean raela o]y]>e setena • oSSe bejief • dpl^e fpilcej- melupep fpa J?e ]?ince f htc onniman pille bo eceb to "j hunij peo]? petjsebepe *j leje on 'j bmb on ]?a ]"apan fcopa. Tip ]m polbe p fio pealp fjnSjie fie bo lycel pealcep to on bmb hpilum "j l^peah mib ecebe o]>]^e mib pine. Tip J^eapp lie j'ele hpilum pyptbjienc • -j jej'ceapa fimle J^onne J;u p>a fcpan- jan Isecebomaj- bo hpilc p msejen fie *j fio jecynb J^sej- lichoman • hpoe]?ep hio fie fcpanj ]?e heapb -j ea}>elice moeje j^a ftpanjan Isecebomap abepan ]>e hio lie hnepce •j meappe 'j ]>ynne *j ne nueje abejian ]?a laeceboma]-. bo ]>u Sa Isecebomaf fpilce ])u pa lichoman ^efie • pop ];on Se micel jebal "ij* on psepnebef *j pipep -j cilbep lichoman • -j on ]?am msejene \>sei bsejhj^amlican pyjihtan *j ]?8ep iblan j^pep ealban -j ]?8ep jeonjan -j pijiep J>e fie ^epm^ ppopmijum • -j psej' J?e fie unje- puna fpelcum J'lnjum • je ];a hpitan lichoman beo6 meajiuppan -j tebpan J^onne |?a blacan • 'j ]?a peaban. jip pu piUe Itm aceoppan oSSe afniSan op lichoman ponne jefceapa pu hpilc fio fcop fie • "j peepe ftope msejen • poji pon 8e papa ftopa fum pape potap jip hipe mon jimeleaflice tilaS • fume latop pelaS pajia Iseceboma fume jiapop - jip pu pcyle aceoppan oS^e afmpan unhal lim op halum lice ponne^ ceopp pu f on pam jemsepe peep halan licef • ac micle fpipop fen's o'SSe ceojip on f hale -j f cpice lie fpa pu hit pel -j papop jelacnoft. ponne pu pyp fette on mannan ponne mm pu mejipep poppep leap 'j jejmben pealt opep le^e pa ' Kead fy. i ^ Eead sejmna. - Kead ]ienian t teohan. | ' Insert ne. LEECH BOOK, I. 85 have some feelinor, and be not altogether dead. Thou ^^^"^ i- . . . . . Ch. XXXV shalt with frequent scarifying, whilom with miekle, whilom with slight, wean and draw the blood from the deadened place. Cure the scarifyings thus ; take bean or oat or barley meal, or some of such meal as to thee seemeth good, so that it will serve, add vine- gar and honey, seethe together and lay on, and bind upon the sore places. If thou shouldst wish that the salve be stronger, add a little salt, bind on at whiles and wash with vinegar or with wine. If need be, give at whiles a wort drink, and observe always when thou art applying the strong leechdoms, what the power be, and what the nature of the body of the ]jatient ; whether it be strong and hardy, and easily may bear the strong leechdoms, or whether it be nice and tender and thin, and may not bear the leechdoms. Apply the leechdoms according as thou seest the state of the body. For a miekle difference is there, in the bodies of a man, a woman, and a child ; and in the main ov constitution of a daily wright or labourer and of the idle, of the old and of the young, of him who is accustomed to endurances, and him who is unaccustomed to such things. Yea, the white bodies be tenderer and weaker than the black and the red. If thou wilt caive off or cut off a limb from a body, then view thou of v/hat sort the place be, and the strength of the place, since some or one of the places readily rotteth if one carelessly tendeth it : some feel the leechdoms later, some earlier. If thou must carve oflp or cut off an unhealthy limb off from a healthy body, then carve thou not it on the limit of the healthy body ; but much more cut or carve in on the hole and quick body ; so thou shalt better and readier cure it. When thou settest fire on a man, then take thou leaves of tender leek and grated salt, overlay the places, then shall be by that the more readily the heat of the fire drawn 86 L^CE BOC, fol. 32 b. Ibope }>onne biS j^y ])e pajjop ]?8ej' pyjie)- hseto apej atojen • ]? ilce bij? nytcol icej' jflite o))]7e liunbef jip hit man yona to be^S • -j ept ymb ])jieo niht fmijie mib humje f ]>y ]>e pa];op fio hpypnj op fealle. . XXXVI. PiJ> ]>?e]\e able ]7e men hset cijicul abl jentm cpicbeam jimbe • -j sepfan • -j apulboji • mapulboji • ellen • pi]?i5 • pealh • piji • pice • Sc • ylahj^opn • bijicean • elebeam • jatetpeop • sepcep pceal msept • "j felcep tpeopep basl ]?e man bejitan mgej • butan bpe^j^opne -j alojie Jpapa tpeopa msept J?e heji apjiiten pynb "j eac jajel -j cneop bolen • finjjienan eolonan • jiebic pealpypt • ]?a jpeatan netlan » pepmob eo]i]:> jeallan. ^entm }?onne tynam- bepne cetel bo ]>]iibban bsel ]?a]\a jimba -j J>a pypta pylle fpij^e on max])yjite jip ]m hsebbe • jip J?u nsebbe pyl on psetpe fpij^e • bo j^onne op ]>a pinba "j bo nipe on fol. 33 a. mnan f ilce pof bo fpa ]?]iipa afeoh ]?onne clsene fpa hatne }?one bpenc "j bo ];onne mele pulne butepan on fpa hatne -j jehpepe tojsebepe l?et ftanban tpa niht o]?]?e ]7peo • abo j^onne op j^a butejian "j jemm ];oime jajel cjioppan • -j ipij cpoppan • helban • -j betonican eolonan • pebic • banpypt . eop'5 miftel jebeat tojas- beyie pylle on jjsepe butepan abo J7onne |?a butepan clgene op ]?am pyptum |??ep |^e mon mseje • jenim ]7onne fmsel bepen mela *j jebsepneb pealt bpipe )?onne on ' Zc^;'?7, or ZwaTTip. LEECH BOOK. I. 87 away. The same 'process is advantageous for frogs ^ or ^^^^ I- liounds bite, if one soon applieth it. And again, for about three nights, smear with honey, that thereby the more readily the scab or crust may fall off. xxxvi. Against the disease which is hight circle addle^ or shingles, take quickbeam rind, and aspen and apple tree, maple tree, elder, withy, sallow, myrtle, wich elm, oak, sloe thorn, birch, olive tree, the lotus tree,^ of ash there shall be most, and a part of each tree which a man can get at (except hawthorn and alder), the largest quantity of the trees which are here written, and also gale and knee holly, that is, butchers hroom, singreen, that is, house leek, helenium, radish, wallwort, the great nettle, wormwood, earthgall.^ Take then a kettle holding ten ambers, put therein a third part of the rinds and the worts, boil strongly in mashwort, that is, the unfermented luort of beer, if thou have it, if thou have it not, boil strong in water, t hen remoth3 rinds, and put new rinds into that same decoction, do so three times, then strain out clean the drink so hot, and then add a basin full of butter so hot, and shake them up together : let this stand two nights or three, then remove the butter, and then take catkins of gale, berry branches of ivy, tansy, and betony, helenium, radish, bonewort, basil, beat together, boil in the butter, then remove the butter clean off t]ie worts, as far as a man may : then take fine barley meal and burnt salt, ' No doubt//'0(/,Cod.Ex.p. 426-9. Dioskorides Alexifarm. 31. has a chapter on the ^pvvrj, or toad, and the Barpaxos e\eios, or " marsh frog," as poisonous. - luPlinius Valerianus. Circinus. *' Vesicae si homiuem cinxerint oc- cidunt." ^ Are we to suppose Carpinus was read as Caprinus, and say horn- beam for lotus ? ' Erythrcea centmireuin. 88 L^CE BOC. fol. 33 b. ])Sd]\e butepan -j hjiejie ]7onne fpij^e butan pype -j ho pipop to ere l^onne repefc J^one bpip on neaht neptij. bpmce ]7onne seftep ];one bpenc -j nanne o]?epne peetan ■cyn nihtum J^pitij jlp he mjBje • jemm ]?oniie acmifcel jebeat fmaele "j abpije *j jejnib to melupe apeli ]7onne fi\> aenne peninj bo ]? on ]5 betfte pm. bpmc fpa nijon bajaf -j ne ete nipne cife ne peppce jof • ne peppcne sel • ne Fe[p]]-c fpin • ne naht |7S9p ]>e op mopobe cume • ne pixaf • tinpcellehte • ne plohtenpote pujelaf* jip lie hpilc J>ipfa ete fie ^ pealt -j nane Jjinja beop ne bpmce "j jemetlice pm -j eala • jip moq ];ifum Isecebome bepylijS ];onne bij? fe man lial; pi|? cipcul able jemm boccan ]?a j^e fpimman pille jebeat fpijje fmale apylle on ealbum mopobe ^obe lianb pulle bo l^onne ]?a pypta op bo ept o]?pe lianb pulle j^sepe ilcan pypte pylle ept fpiSe jebo }»onne J^a ]'y]ita op jenim ];onne fpepl jebeat fpi]?e fmale jebo j^onne on ]7a pealpe f hio fie fpa J>icce fpa bpip fmijie ]?oime J^a fpeccan mib J^Eepe fealpe o]? f him pel fie. Marcellus, 362, d. Marcellus, 362, d. e. fol. 34 a. .XXXVII. pi]? Jpon ]>e mon ne mseje hip micjean jehealban -j ]?8epe 5epealb na^e eopopej- clapa o]?]?e oppej- fpinej- je- b£epn to ahfan pceab ]7onne pa ahfan on J^sej' peocan mannef bpmcan. 6pt fpmef blsebpan untybpenbej- f ip jylce jebaspn to ahpan bo on pm fele bpmcan. Jfi]) ]7on ilcan ept jate blsebpe ahypfce pele etan • fume fpa jehypfte jejniba]? to bufce fceab on pm pellaS bpmcan jlp hie beo^ butan pejrjie. jip mon ne mseje jeinijan ept cymenef jenim fpa micel fpa Su mib ]?pim pinjpum LEECH BOOK. I. 8i) next make a brewit of tliein in the butter, and shake Book i. it well up without fire, and add pepper, then let the patient eat first the brewit at night fasting. Further after that let him drink the draught and none other liquid for ten nights, for thirty if he can endure it ; then take mistletoe of the oak, beat it small and dry it, and rub down to meal, then weigh it against one penny, put that into the best wine ; let the sufferer drink this accordingly for nine days, and let him eat neither new cheese, nor fresh goose, nor fresh eel, nor fresh pig, nor augbt of that which cometh of a decoction, nor fishes without shells, nor web footed fowls ; if he eat any of these, let it be salted, and by no means let him drink beer, and wine and ale moderately. If this leechdom be followed then shall the man be hole. Against circle addle or shingles, take dock that will swim, beat it very small, boil in old inspissated wine a good handful, then remove the worts, afterwards add another handful of the same wort, boil again thoroughly, then remove the worts ; then take brimstone, beat it very small, then apply the salve, so that it may be as thick as brewit, then smear the specks with the salve till it be well with him, the patient. xxxvii. In case that a man may not retain his urine and have not control over it, burn to ashes claws of a boar or of another swine, then shed the ashes on the sick mans drink. Again, burn to ashes the bladder of an unpro- lific, that is a gelt, swine, put it into wine, administer it to drink. For the same, fry a goats bladder, give it to the man to eat ; some, when so fried, reduce it to dust, and %vhen shed into wine, give it to the men to drink, if they be without fever. Again, if a man may not pass water, take of cummin as much as thou mayst lift with three fingers, triturate it, and add 90 LMCE BOC. Marcellus, 358, g. Marcellus, 362, d. fol, 34 b. up aliebban mneje jetjiifula -j jebo to pmej- cpejen bollan f ulle • -j o]?pe cpejen paecepef pele bjiincan nihc- neptijum. 6pc jip mon ne mseje jemijan bpmce jy]?- pipan on psecjie jejnibene. 6pc ^enime eac jeajipan *j pejbpseban pyl on pme pele bjimcan. 6pt pammep bltebpe jefobene Jiicje he. ^entm pmolef pypccjiuman epc • 'j ]7a j'ypt; pelpe jebeat "j jepiib on pm opJ>sene pel "j apeoh pele bpmcan. 6j:t- jofa tunjan jebjisebbe •j jejacje. 6pt; jip pu pmbe pile on oj'pum pifce innan jentm ]?one -j jebjifeb fpij^e -j jebjiyce on bpim- can -j pele ]?am peocan men bpmcan fpa he nyte fpa ]?u pcealt ]?a oj'pe ?ecap "j bpmcan j-ellan. rip mon ne mseje gemijan bjimce he lilian pyptcpuman apyllebne on pme o^Se on eala'S. Tip he J'onne to fpiSe mije bjimce ^yjjpipan on psetepe jejmbene. Tip mon blobe mije jemm pubu popan feoJ> on psetpe o^8e on ealaS j-ele bpmcan. Gtp pip ne mseje jemijan mm tunceppan fseb feoS on pffitpe j'ele bpmcan. Jip mon ne mgeje jemijan jecnupa lupefcice *j ellenpmbe -j oleafepum 'p tp pilbe elebeam jemen^ piS fupum hluttpum eala'S pele bpmcan. .XXXVIII. J^eR linbon bolh pealpa to eallum punbiim "j bjiencap •j clsenpunja^ on jehpilce pifan je utan je on f'am mnoJ?um. pejbpsebe jebeaten pi's ealbne pypele je- menjeb peppc ne nyt bij?. ^6pC bolhpealp jentm pejbpseban fasb jetpipula fmale pceab on |?a punbe pona bi^ pelpe. claej-nunsa, MS. Herbar. Apul. ii. 6. LEECH BOOK. I. 91 thereto two bowls full of wine and two others of water, Book i. give it to the sick to drink after his nights fasting. Ch.xxxvn. Again, if a man cannot mie, let him drink githrife, rubbed fine in water. Again, take also yarrow and waybroad, boil them in wine, give them to be drunk. Again, let him eat a rams bladder sodden. Again, take roots of fennel and the wort itself, beat it and rub it fine into wine, moisten well and strain it, and admi- nister it to drink. Again, let him roast ^ and partake of the tongues of geese. Again, if thou find a fish within another fish, take and roast it thoroughly, and break it to bits into a draught, and give it to the sick man to drink in such a manner that he know it not. So shalt thou give the other meats and drinks. If a man may not pass water, let him drink a root of a lily boiled in wine or in ale. If he then mie too strongly, let him di-ink githrife in water, rubbed to (lust. If a man mie blood, take dog roses, seethe thera in water or in ale, administer them to drink. If a woman may not pass water, take seed of garden cress, seethe it in water and give it her to drink. If one may not pass water, pound lovage and elder rind and oleaster, that is wild olive tree, mix this with sour clear ale, and give to drink. xxxviii. 1. Here are wound salves for all wounds and drinks and cleansings of every sort, whether without or in the inwards. Waybroad beaten, mixed with old lard ; the fresh is not of use. 2. Again, a wound salve ; take seed of waybroad, bray it small, shed it on the wound, soon it will be better. ' Our Saxon has not been careful I is set down in Marcellus as restrain- in the selection of his recipes ; this | ing " profluvium urinse." 92 LJiCE BOC. Pi]? ealbpe piuibe tobjiocenpe ^jiunbefpelje jn]? ealhne pyj-ele jemenjeb *j on aleb lacna fpilce punba. To punbe clseDpunje -^ jentm clc"ene humj jepyjime to fyjie jebo J^onne on clsene psec bo pealc ro "j hpepie o|? ■p hic lisebbe bpipej- ]?icne]-pe fmijie |?a punbe mib |)onne fol. 35 a. pulla^ hio. jip banbjiice on heapbe fie majej^an "j 5ocpo]?an jecnupa pel on hunije bo ]?onne bucepan on f bi^ job bolhpealp. Gyt pi^ |?on eac bi]? job lufc- mocan cpop co lecjanne on jebjiocen heapob *j jtp hunb plice. ]}i]> hunbep j'lice jemm J^a peaban netlan •j accoplajpan -j fpicej- sleep empela feoS on burepan pypc CO ]-ealpe pona beoS ])Si unnytcan ban nte. bolli pealp piS limjen able • lileomoce hacce pyjic fio peaxeS on bpoce jepypc J?a on mopjenne ]?onne bio jebeap lie fume beoS unbeape "j jofe fceapn ])onne bio ne ere • jecnupa ]?a bleomocan menj pi]? ]7am jofe pceapne • bo Isep J^aep fceapnep pyl on bucepan appmj p bij; 50b pealp. Sealp bapan fppecel mm on ealbum lanbe ^ kmjenpypc feo bi]? jeolu upepeapb -j sejef bybjnn mib J?y j'ceal mon lacnian ]?one man ];e bi]? lunjenne punb. pij? mnan punbe pealp • ptn ele • fol. 35 b. jalluc . hunij. bolhpealp 5y]>pif e -j jelob pypc -j ];a bpunan pypc bpableapan fio peaxe]? on puba "j lufc- moce cpoppan • jecnupa ]?a ealle -j pyl pepefc on bure- jian bealpe 'j appmj. bolb pealp epc jjiunbe fpelje J?a Se peaxa'S on pop]?i- "^ jtim fio bi]) 50b CO bolhpealpe *j jiibbe -j jeappe •j ji]?- pipe jecnupa }>a pypca ealle pyl on bucepan -j appinj. 6pc bolbj'ealp 50b acpinb abjiije ];a pmbe -j fpiSe fmale Tecnupa "j abelp ni]7epeapbne j-lali Sopn aj-cap ]ja yce- - clajj-nunge, MS. I LEECH BOOK. I. Ho 3. For an old bruised wound, groundsel mingled Book l. with old lard, and laid on : tend such wounds thus. '' ''''''""■ For cleansing of a wound ; take clean honey, warm it at the fire, put it then into a clean vessel, add salt, and shake it till it have the thickness of brewit, smear the wound therewith, when it turneth foul. If there be a bone breach in the head, pound maythe and goutweed well in honey, then add butter, that is a good wound salve. Again for that, a bunch of " lustmock " is good to lay on a broken head, and also if a hound tear a man. For tearing by a hound, take the red nettle and attorlothe and some lard, of each an equal quantity, seethe in butter, work to a salve, soon the useless bones will be out. 4. A wound salve for lung disease. A wort is called hleraock, which waxetli in brooks, and is nov: hrool-- lime, work it, that is, deal with it in a morning when it is dewy, (some 'plaiits of it are undew}'), and sharn of goose dropped when the goose eats not ; pound the brooklime, mingle with the dung of goose, put in less of the sharn than of the wort, boil in butter, wring through a cloth, that will be a good salve. A salve : take vipers bugloss, grovjii on an old tilth, and golden lungwort,^ and a yolk of egg, with this shall one tend " Tlieracium 1 . 1 1 • J.1 1 -ri • T murorum and a man who is wounded m the lung. Jbor an mward ^„/„,t,„,,,.j„,„. wound, a salve : wine, oil, comfrey, honey. A wound salve : githrife and silver weed, and the broadleaved brownwort which waxeth in woods, and a bunch of the flowers of '' lustmock "; pound all these and boil first in a half proportion of butter, and wring through a cloth. 5. Again, a wound salve: the groundsel which waxeth in highways, that is good for a wound salve, and rib- wort, and yarrow, and githrife ;b pound all ihe-woris,^ Agrostemma boil in butter, and squeeze through a cloth. Again, a 9^^''^'9"- good wound salve : oak rind ; dry the rind and pound it very small, and delve up the nethermost jpart of a 94 LiECE BOC. mefean pmbe -j fpiSe fmale jecnupa ajfipc fmale j^ufih fmrel fipe bo bejea empela f mela biS 50b on to fceabenne, rip pu paSe pille lytle punbe jelacnian eacepfan jetjiipula oS'Se jefeo^ on buCepan pyjic to pealpe fmipe mib. bolh pealp • jeappan • jyl^jupau • fmjpenan • jotpojmn Itefc jecnupa piS butepan fpiSe pel leje neahtepne fpa jecneben • bo Jjonne on pannan pyl fpiSe bo f pam op clsene apeoh j^uph claS bo on lipit pealt h]\e]\ fpiSe o]; p jeftanben fie. bolhpealp mejifc hope sej^elpepSmjpypt "j jy]?]iipan -j fm^penan on ]>a foi. 36 a. ilcan pifan p/pce. bollipealp jenim pabef cpoppan "j netelan eac jecnupa pel • pyl on butejian afeoli ];upli claS bo lipit fealt on lipejie fpiSe, bolhpealp acpmb • eepepSe • meobopypc abpije ealle ■j jecnupa fmale apipt Jmjili pipe men^ pi]; hnnije -j rejep p hpite. bollipealp i^iy mon fie mib ipene je- punbob • pubupope • fm^jiene • jelobpypt fppmj pypt • 3yj7pipe • jpunbefpelje • majoSe pypm pypt niojjopeajib jecnua pel tofomne ealle menj piS butepan pyl pa pjjjita on psepe butepan fpiSe apleot p pam op clsene afeoli pupil cla5 bo on blebe lipep piS op p jefcanben fie. ^tp mon mib tpeope jej-lejen fie o"S^e mib ftane oppe byl on men jebepfteS • to pon bollipealp • jyp- pipe • ontpe • jelobpypt • pijelhpeoppa • jecnupa pa pypta fpipe jemenj pel piS butepan -j on pa ilcan pifan jepena pe ic sep cppep. Jip men fie lim op aple^en • pmjep o^6e pot oppe lianb jip p meaph ute fie . jenim pceapej' meaph je- LEECH BOOK. I. 95 blackthorn, shave off the outermost "paH of the rind Book L and ponnd it very small, sift it small through a small ^^xruu sieve, put togettver equal quantities of both, the meal is good to shed on a vjound. K thou wilt quickly cure a little wound, bruise or seethe in butter water cress, work it into a salve, smear therewitL A salve for wounds : pound very well with butter, yarrow, cockle, singreen, or hjou^leek, of goutweed the least, lay them by for a night so bruised, then put them into a pan, boU thoroughly, remove the foam clean off. strain through a cloth, add white salt,' shake it well up till it be got firm. A wound salve; work up in the same wise marsh hove, stichwort, and cockle, and singreen. A wound salve ; take heads of woad and of nettle, also pound them well, boil in butter, strain through a cloth, add white salt, shake thoroughly. 6. A wound salve : oak rind, '' aeferthe, ' meadowwort : dry all these and pound them small, sift the diud through a sieve, mingle with honey and the white of an egg. A wound salve, if a man be wounded with iron: woodroffe, singreen, silverweed, springwort,* gith- ^ Evforbia rife, groundsel, maythe, the lower part of wormwort, ^"' pound them all well together, mingle with butter, boil the worts in the butter thoroughly, skim the foam off clean, strain through a doth, put U on a saucer; shake it till it be concrete. 7. If a man be .smitten with wood or with stone, or if a boU bursteth on a man, for this a wound salve : cockle, "ontre,'' silverweed, turnsole, pound the worts thoroughly, mingle weU with butter, and prepare in the same wise which before I quoth. 8. If a limb be smitten off a man, a finger, or a foot, or a hand, if the marrow be out, take sodden sheeps - Sail DOT ^uitc pTire is z.'.a -a^id-i/c : the Latin and Gre^ authors ; per- mticli c-.ome5 rei frcrr. vn jis ; : haps tliis is an evasioo of that much dirty from the saiTpans. Sal | drag, ammoidacian is oftea pre&cnbfcd in I 96 L.ECE EOC. j'oben leje on f o]>e]\ meapli • appi]^ fpiSe pel neahtejine. fol. 30 1). bolh yealj: • h^cylef jiaju -j bolen pmbe m];epea]ibe • 'j ;;5y|)jiipan jecnua fpiSe pel ]>a pfjita jemens pi5 buce- pan feocS fpiSe pleoc op p pam afeoh ]>upli claS fpij^e clfiene jip psej' boljep oppap fynb to hea ymb frpic mib hate ipene fpiSe leohrlice f p pel bpitije. bolhpealp jotpoj^an i^ecnupa fpiSe pel mej pi"S bute- pan feoS fpiSe -j j^yll -j appmj J'uph cla8 pleot f pam op jepelc fpi'Se pel • jip bolh pulije ceop fcpsel pyptr on -j jeappan. bolhpealp jenim jiibban • -j jeappan • ■j bolhpunan nio]>opea]ibe • -j boccan -j ^ope pceapu 'j picef lytel • "j hunij pylle on butepan bo on f bolh })onne clsenfaS hit -j halaS. bolhj-ealp jentm jeappan •j Ifece pypt pyl on butepan. Sealp yip ];on f bolh ne pulije jemm bpeji J?e hiopan on peaxa]; ceop J^a jnnbe on f bolh ne pula]? hit. bolhpealp mebopypt niojwpeapb • lufcmoee • hope • eopoji peajm • pyl on hunije bo j^icce maxpyjit on jemanj. fol. 37 a. bolhbpenc • eopopj^jiote mopopeajib "j mebopypt eac fpa ajjiimonia nioj^opeajib "j upepeajib pyl on ealaj> ]>a, pypita jebijim mib jifte pele bjiincan. bolhbpenc jeacej- fujian pubu cuniUe jij^pipe • eopop- }>]iote ni])epeapbe cepc)jpote cnupa fmale bo on cealb pEetep jmb betpeoh lianbum afeoh J>uph cla8 pele LEECH BOOK. I. 97 marrow, lay it on the other marrow, bind it well up for ^'(^(^^ I-... a night. A wound salve : the lichen of hazel, and the netherward part of holly rind and githrife, pound the worts very well, mingle with butter, seethe thoroughly, skim off the foam, strain through a cloth very clean ; if the edges of the wound are too high,^ run them round with a hot iron very lightly, so that the skin may whiten. 9. A wound salve : pound very thoroughly, gout- weed, mingle with butter, seethe thoroughl}^, and boil, and wring through a cloth, skim off the foam, salt it very well ; if the wound get foul, chew strailwort up- on it and yarrow. A wound salve: take ribwort and yarrow, and the netherward part of pellitory, and dock, and goose dung, and a little pitch, and honey, boil in butter, apply it to the wound, then it cleanseth and healeth. A wound salve : take yarrow and leechwort, boil in butter. 1 0. A salve to the end that a wound may not foul : take briar, on which hips wax, that is, dog rose, chew the rind and let it drop on the wound, then it Avill not foul. A wound salve : the netherward part of meadow wort, lustmock, hove, everfern, boil in honey, add thick mashwort among them. A drink for wounds : the netherward part of everthroat, that is, cavline thistle, and meadow sweet, so also the nether and up- ward part of agrimony, boil the worts in ale, barm them with yeast, that is, introduce fermentation with yeast, administer to drink. 11. A wound drink : pound small, cuckoo sour, wild cunila,^ cockle, the netherward part of carline thistle, ashthroat, put them into cold water, rub be- tween the hands, strain through a cloth, administer to ' Probably, if the edges are likely to coalesce, before the parts that lie deeper. - Plinius, XX. 63. VOL. n. G 98 LiECE BOC. bjimcan fcenc fulne nealitnejcij. bolhbjienc jiibbe nio|;epea]ib -j ufej^eapb • eoj:op];]iocan • -j seyc J?)iot;an niojjopeapbe cuiipa finale bo on peallenbe pajteji jnib becpeoli lianbum -j aj'eoli |ni]ili cla8 yele bjimcan. To gelcum bolje j'ealj: • ^efomna cue mefa cu mi5o]?a je- pyjice CO flynan ]>a fpa mon fapan j'ypcS micelne citel fulne • mill ]7onne apulboji jimbe 'j sej'C pmbe j-lali];o]in jimbe • -j piji pmbe • -j elm piinbe • 'j liolen jimbe • -j pi]>i5 jiiiibe -j jeonjjie ace • ]fealh junbe • bo J?a ealle on mi- celne cicel jeot: ]?a plynan on pyl fpi])e lanje • bo })onne op ]ja jimba pyl J>a plenan ]3 Ino fie ))icce bo fimle on foi .i: b. liTgppan citel fpa hio Isej'pe fie • jeor on yset ]7onne liio jenoli ]>icce fie • jetel |?oiine cealcfcan fpiSe -j jefamna poc -j afipc J^ujih claS "j ];one cealcfran eac on ]?a plynan fmijie mib f bolli. 6pc pij> ]?on ilcan jenim liopan -j jelobpypt 'j bjiune pypic -j lufcmocan cpioj) -j hapan fpjiecel pyl on butejian "j ppmj ponne op )?a pypta bo o]:>pe on • pibban • bipceoppypt jeajipan at- topla]?an bo ]:>a on j^a ilcan bucejian pyl epc fpiSe apjunj ])H op f bip 50b bollip^alp. .XXXVIIII. J^eR fint laecebomaf y\]> selcep cynnef ofhum 'j 6n- peallum -j banco]mm ealica 'j tpenCij. Nim 5penep mepcef leap jejnib o]>])e jetpipula pi'ci ecebep bepfcan finipe mib ])y Jja pajian fcopa. pi]; omum utablejnebum ntm fuji molcen pyjic to cealjie -j l>e\) luib |;y cealjie, Uib omum ept jenim beojibpsefra -j XXXVIU. LEECH BOOK. T. 99 drink a full draught to the sick caffcer his nights fasting.' Book T A wound drink : pound small the netherward and up- ward part of ribwort, carline thistle, and the netherward part of ashthroat, put them into boiling water, rub between the hands, and strain through a cloth, ad- minister to drink. A salve for every wound: collect cow dung, cow stale, work up a large kettle full into a batter as a man worketh soap, then take appletree rind, and ash rind, sloethorn rind, and myrtle rind, and elm rind, and holly rind, and withy rind, and the rind of a young oak, sallow rind, put them all in a mickle kettle, pour the batter upon them, boil very long, then remove the rinds, boil the batter so that it be thick, put it ever into a less kettle as it groweth less, pour it, when it is thick enough, into a vessel, heat then a calcareous stone thoroughly, and collect some soot, and sift it through a cloth with the quick- lime also into the batter, smear the wound therewith. Again for the same, take hove and silverweed and browai- wort, and a bunch of the flowers of "lustmock," and vipers bugloss, boil in butter and wring the worts off, and put others in, ribwort, bishopwort, yarrow, atter- lothe, put them into the same butter, boil again strongly, wring these off" ; that will be a good wound salve. xxxix. 1. Here are leech doms for erysipelatous inflammations of every sort, and fellons, and leg diseases of every sort ; eight and twenty in number. 2. Take leaves of green marche, rub or bruise them with the lees of vinegar, smear with that the sore places. For erysipelas which hath broken into blains, take sour curds, work them to a chalder, and foment with the chalder. For erysipelatous inflammations again, take ' Ne)t;i5 must be understood as najTrijum. G 2 100 L^CE BOO. fapan "j sejef f hpite -j ealbe 3)iuc leje on pi]? omena jefpelle, pi]? omena jebepfce Sitte on cealbum p^ecejie fol. 38 a. o}* f lii"^ abeabob fie teoli ]?onne tip yleali ]jonne peopep fceappan ymb J»a poccaf utan -j Iset yjman ]3 fncce ]?e luc pille ; pypic |?e pealpe ]?up • Nim bjiune pypc -j mepfc nieap jeallan 'j peabe netlan pyl on butepan -j fmipe mib -j bej»e mib |;am ileum pypcum. ^ V^]^ W^ ilcan jenim anjolcp^eccean jejnib fpi];e bo eceb CO "j on bmb *j fmipe mib. pi]? ]?on ilcan jemm lapinan jnib to bufce -j menj pi]? hunij -j fmipe mib. UiS ])on ilcan jenim jebpaebbe fejpu menj pi5 ele leje on -j be]?e fpiiSe mib betan leapum. Gpr jemm cealpej- fceapn o]']?e ealbep h]iy]?epef peapm -j leje on. Qf-c pi]? }?on jemm heopotep fceapo]?an op pelle afcapen mib pumice -j pefe mib ecebe 'j fmipe mib. 6ptr jenim eopopep jeallan jip ]?u nsebbe mm o]?pe]' fpinej- ^ejnib •j fmijie mib J>y ]?fep hit faji fie. pi}? pon ilcan jemm fpealpan neft bpec mib ealle apej --j jebaepn mib fceapne mib ealle -j jnib to bufte menj pi]? eceb "j fmipe mib. fol. 38 h. piS ])on ilcan jehset cealb psetep mib hatan ipene -j be]?e jelome mib ]?y. pi]? Latum omum • mm betonican -j pepmob -j pmul jnib on eala *j jiebic pele liim bpincan. ])]]> liatum omum liim pen omppan -j ]?a fmalan clatan j>yl on jate meolce *j fupe. pi]? hatum omum mm ' Plinius Valerianus, fol. 76, d, for eight lines. LEECH BOOK. I. 101 dregs of beer, aud soap, and the white of an egg, and old groats, lay tliis on against erysipelatous swellings. Against bursting of erysipelatous inflammations, let the man sit in cold water till the sore becometh numbed, then get him up, then strike four scarifying slashes about the pocks on the outside, and let the lymph run as it will. Work thyself a salve thus : take brown"v^'ovt, and marsh gall, or marsh gentian, and red nettle, boil in butter, and smear and bathe with the same worts. 3. For the same, take an earthworm,' rub it tho- roughly fine, add vinegar to it, bind it on and smear therewith. For the same, take savine, rub to dust, and mingle with honey and smear therewith. For the same, take roasted eggs, mingle with oil, lay on, and foment freely witli leaves of beet. Again, take a calfs sharn, that is clung, or an old bullocks, still warm, and lay it on. Again for this same, take harts shavings, shaven off the fell or skin with pumice, and wash, that is maceraie, with vinegar and smear therewith. Again, take a boars gall, if thou have not that, take gall of another swine, rub and smear with that where it is sore. For that ilk, take a swallows nest, break it away altogether, and burn it with its dung and all, and rub it to dust, mingle witli vinegar and smear there- with. For tlie same, heat cold water with a hot iron, and bathe frequently with that. For hot er3^sipelatous humours, take betony, and wormwood, and fennel, rub them into ale, and radish ivith tJt.em, give the mixture to the sick man to drink. For hot erysipe- latous humours, take fen ompre, that is ivater dock, and the small clote, that is, cleavers, boil in goats milk and sup. Against hot erysipelatous humours, Book I. Cli. xxxix. ' Bjorn Haldorson mentions this treatment : the earthworm is called A'mumadkr (read ma'Skr), because erysipelas is usually cured by it ; " his lumbricis probari et curari " soleat, cum applicati marcescant " et moriantur." (On A'mumadkr.) A'ma is the Ome of the text. 102 LiECE BOC. Imnan "j epelafran -j alexanbpian "j betomcan "j cele- ];onian -j ceplicej- ysdb bpmce on pme. Sealj: mm ellenef blofrman -j j^one cpop pyl on butejian *j fmipe mib • jij: hit pille pypfman fmipe mib sejef jeolcan opep fmipe mib Jjy -j bpije to jlebum o]? p hit heajib fie Jjpeah ]7onne apej "j fmipe ept mib ])se]\e ]*ealpe. pi]? hatum omum mm pmef bpseftan menj pij) hpeap rejjiu ■j mib pe]7epe fmit on -j ne ]?peah sep hit hal fie. Pi}» feonbtim omum mm cneopholen micle sep oSpum mete bpejhpam to ]'am bolje • "j hjiyj^epef jeallan humj fot • bo tofomne lacna mib. pij> j7on ilcan f ly ptc • hiftmoce ]7a cpoppihtan ntm to baj>e -j jebfejme to j'ealpe pulpef ceacan |?a pmefcpan 'j j^a te]? funbo]^ fol. 39 a. menj pi8 humje -j fmipe mib -j peppcne cyj'e on leje menj ]5 oj7ep jnS meoluce fupe })py mo'^jenaf nijon fupan. pi]? banco]?e p ip oman mm ni^ontyne fnseba eolonan -j nyjon ontpan -j enblepan peabej- fecjef bo on eala -j bjnnc micle jep ]?onne J>u ete • -j ])a eolonan ane feo"S o]? f hio meppe fie cnupa tofomne fmipe mib ])0ep ut plea, bpenc pi]? onpeallum cymeb • pipoji • coft • mepcep preb • ceafceji pypte fseb cnua pel bo on eala. bpenc pi]? onpeallum • cnua on eala o]?}?e jefeoS cele- }?onian -j heah hiolo]?an bifceop pypt 5y])]iipan. bjienc pi}) onpeallum • fijponte • cipe • leac • ]>e5bpsebe nio)?o- peajib • pyl ealle on pretpe -j jefpet mib humje. bjienc pi]) ]>on mm })a fmalan cla3pe}i pypt mo]>opea]ibe ])yl on ealo}? oSbe on beope. bpenc pi]> onpealle pyl on ealoS CI 1. xxxix. LEECH BOOK. I. 103 take horchound, and everlasting, and alexanders, and ^P'*"'^ \ betony, and celandine, and charlock seed, drink them in wine. A salve : take blooms of elder, and the croi>, or bunch or umbel, boil them in butter, and smear therewith ; if it will, that is, if it shew a tendency to form ratten or 2mrident matter, smear with yolk of egg ; smear over with that, and dry it by gledes, or hot coals, till that it be hard, then wash away and smear again with the salve. For hot erysipelatous eruptions, take dregs of wine, mingle with raw eggs, and with a feather smudge it on, and wash not till the place he hole. For oozing erysipelatous blains, take knee holly, that is, butchers broom, much ere other meat, daily for the wound, and put together bullocks gall, honey, soot; cure therewith. For the same, that is, for the disease called fig, take for a bath that sort of "lust- mock " which bearetli crops or flower bunches, and for a salve, burn a wolfs jaw, the left one, and the teeth apart, mingle with honey and smear therewith, and lay on fresh cheese, mingle the other ingredient^ with milk, sup for three mornings nine sips. For leg disease, that is hot red blains, take nineteen snips of helenium, and nine of " ontre," and eleven of red sedge, put them in ale and drink much ere than thou eat; and seethe the helenium alone till that it be tender, pound together, smear therewith where the disease may bo striking out. A drink for fellons ; cummin, pepper, costmary, seed of marche, seed of black hellebore, pound well, put into ale. A drink or potion for fellons ; pound in ale or seethe celandine, and elecampane, bishop wort, githrife. A drink for fellons ; sigsonte, onion, leek, the netherward part of waybroad, boil all in water and sweeten with honey. A drink for that ; take the netherward part of the small cloverwort, boil in ale or in beer. A drink for fellons ; boil in ale ' What other ingredient is not clear by the grammatical construction. fol. 39 b. 104 L^CE BOC. j-'inujlan bij'ceoppijit heali hiolojje. bpenc pi]? 6n):ealle pyl on ealaS Ippmj pyjit o]>])e on beope. bpenc epc piS onpealle pyl on eala]? cjiopleac bpeopje bpofclan pypm pyptr. bpenc fip onpealle mepce at;copla];e • betoce •' pube . fecj • ontpe • clare • bipceop pypt jepypc on eala"S. 6fc pi]? onpealle jemm asr ppuman haeplenne fciccan o]>]>e ellenne ppic J?inne naman on apleali ])]\y pceappan on ^epylle mib ])y blobe j^one naman peopj) ope] I eaxle op]?e berpeoh ]?eoh on ypnenbe pjietep -j franb opeji ]?one man ];a pceappan aj'lea "j f eall fpi- jmbe jebo. PrS onpealle jepoli pox apleah op cucum }>one cuxl Itet hleapan apej bmb on nsepce hapa ]7e on. .XL. ^ Pi]> p6c able • onjieb hampypt • nio]?opea]ib • pelbmope nij^epeapb onpebep empela -j ]7apa o]7eppa tpejea pelb- luojian liealpe l^oppe Jjonne hampypte cnnpa fpiSe to lumne bo liluctoji ealu ^ }>a pypca opepfcije • Ifet fcau- ban ]?]ieo niht pele j'cenc pulne on mopjen. bjienc piS poc able ]'yl psetep on cjioccan bo liunij on pleot fimle foJ. 40 a. \) pam op o]> f lut nelle ma pseman • flip ]?onne "j bpmc opt "j jelome fj\a ]n liatofc maeje *j mib ]7f hunije fViiijie ])a3]i hit iitjlea on ]?one poc ne bi]? pona nan tcona. Sealp pi]? poc able pyl on burepan fmjpenan • jeappe • 5y]?)iipe peabpe netelan cpop. bpenc pi]? poccum Kead beconice. LEECH BOOK. I. 105 fennel, bishop wort, elecampane. A drink for a f'ellon; boil in ale or in beer springwort. A drink again for a fellon ; boil in ale cropleek, penny royal, wormwort. A drink for fellons ; marclie, attorlothe, betony, rue, sedge, " ontre," clote, bishop wort, work tlieim up in ale. Again for fellons, take, to begin, a hazel or an elder stick or spoon, write thy name thereon, cut three scores on the place, fill the name with the blood, throw it over thy shoulder or between thy thighs into run- ning water and stand over the man. Strike the scores, and do all that in silence. For fellon, catch a fox, strike oflf from him ivliilc quick, that is alive, the tusk, or canine tooth, let the fox run away, bind it in a fawns skin, have it upon thee. Book I. Ch. xxxix. xl. For pock disease,' use " onred," liouseleek, the nether part of it, fieldmore, the nether part of it; of "onred" an equal quantity, and of the two others Ijy half less of the fieldmore or carrot than of the houseleek, pound them thoroughly togetlier, add so much clear ale as may mount above the worts ; let them stand three nights, administer in the morning a cup full. A drink for pock disease ; boil water in a crock, add honey, skim continually the foam away till it will foam no more ; then sip and drink oft and whilom as thou hottest may, and smear with the honey where it may be breaking out into the pock, soon there will be no mischief. A salve for pock disea,se ; boil in butter singreen, yarrow, githrife, the crop, or floiver head, of red nettle. A drink against pocks ; bishop ^Smallpox. The disease was un- known in classical medicine ; it appeared in France in 565, A.D., and in Arabia in 572, A.D. The Arabic physician Razi treats of it in a separate monograf about 92.3, A.D., not long before this copy of the Leech Book was ^Titten out. 106 LMCE EOC. bifceop pyjit • acco]\la]>an • fppiD;z;py]it • clatan nio]?e- peajibe on ealaS jepojibc. pi]^ poccum i'piSe I'ceal mon blob Isetan -j bjimcan ainylce butepan boUaii fulne • jip hie utylean selcne man fceall ape^ abelpan mib ]70]me • -j |>onne pm oSSe aloji ' bpenc bpype on mnan fionne ne beoS liy jefyne. ])i]> poccum jentm jlofpypt apyl on buuepan "j fmipe mib. fol. -lo b. .XLI. yi\> mnan onpealle neejlsep- hatte pypt fu}>e]mo l"io bi^ 30b to ecanne pi]? mnan onpelle on niht nej'tij. pi]) mnan onjzealle pyl elonan eluhtpan on ealaS bpinc liatef bollan pulne. Gft pyptbpenc op j'ejimobe beto- nican • op j^fepe pupan j^e^bji^eban bpmce pela nihca. PiJ? ]>se]\e ^eolpan able • hune • bifceop pypt • helbe • hope meii^e pa tojsebepe bo selcpe jobe hanb pulle maxpypte bo to pope ambeji pulne -j to ftanbsepe bj^phomaji • hune pepmob. StanbseJ?^ bpmce bpenc op ompjian op pme -j op psetpe • jefpete fpi'Se. .XLII. ^ Op ^eal able lio bip op psepe jeolpan • cymep jpeat ypel fio bi]? ealpa abla picufc • ponne ^epeaxeS on innan unjemec psetan pip fmt tacn • ^ him fe lichoma eall abicepa^ -j ajeolpaS fpa 50b feoluc • 'j him beo8 imbep cun^an tulje fpeapte sebjia -j ypele -j htm bi5 micje jeolu • la3t lum op lunjen a^bjie blob pele him opt fcypjenbne bjienc fcanbaSu jelome. ^Pyjic him Sonne ' Aloji, alnus glutinosa, has no medical properties. Probably the AlnixHuigrajnow Bhamnus franyula, Spjiacen, was meant by the Latin author copied. ' Read cunsDj^lserre, cynoglossum. ' By 8tanbae)> understand Sran- bee)'b]ienc, or amend thus. ' "iKrepos. * Cf. Plinius Valerianus, fol. 61 d. LEECH BOOK. I. 107 wort, attorlothe, spriiigwort, the nctlierward part of Book i. clote, or burdock, worked up in ale. Against pocks, a ^'" man shall freely employ bloodletting and drink melted butter, a bowl full of it : if they break out one must delve away each one of tliGin with a thorn ; and then let him drip wine or alder drink within them, then they will not be seen, or no traces will remain. Against pocks : take glovewort, boil in butter, and smear therewith. xli. For inward fellon, there is a southern wort hight cynoglosson, which is good to eat against inward fellon, at night fasting. Against inward fellon, boil heleniuni and lupins in ale, drink a bowl full of the hot infusion. Again, a wort drink from wormwood and betony, and from the rough waybroad or 'plaintain, let him drink it many nights. For the yellow disorder, or jaundice, /lorehound, bishop wort, tansy, earth ivy, mingle them together, of each employ a good handful, add of mash- wort, for an infusion an amber full, and for a stone bath use dithhomar, or "papyrus, horehound, and worm- wood. A stone bath; that must he, to use ivith a stone hath ; let the oimn drink a drink from ompre or sorrel, from wine and from water ; sweeten thoroughly. xlii. From gall disease, that is from the yellow jaundice, Cometh great evil ; it is of all diseases most powerful, when there wax within a man, unmeasured humours ; these are the tokens : that the patients body all be- coraeth bitter and as yellow as good silk ; and under the root of his tongue there be swart veins and perni- cious, and his urine is yellow. Let him blood from the lung vein, give him often a stirring drink, stone baths 108 L.ECE BOC. fcilne bpenc op omjijian on pme 'j on j^setjie -j on jjam baSe jehpilce mopjene bjunce mylfce bpmcan fio jebet )?a bitepneype psep jeallan. .XLIII. foi. 41a. ^ Pi]? psetep boUan betomcan fpilce anef penmjep je- pasje on peapmum psecepe jmbe bpnice ])py bajap jelce bsej jobne bollan j:u]ne. Gy~ jemm sepcppotan oJ)|?e pealpypce pyccpuman jjsep peapep peopep cuclepap pnlle jebo on bollan pulne jnnef fele bpmcan. .XLIIII. Pi]7 canceji able f ip bire ♦ ]*u]ie • peak • pibbe • fej • poc . jebsepneb lam • hpaecep fmebma menj piS je^pu mebopypt; sepeppe acpmb • apulbop pmb • ]lali |7opn pnibe • ^ip pe bice peaxe on men jej^ijic nijme cealjie -j leje on cl?enpa^ j?a punbe mib. ])i]) cancepe on C3^pepenum paste jebaejm Ipepl je- jnib to bufce fpa }in fmalofc mreje "j apipc ]ni)ili claS men5 piS ealbe fapan -j pie fpepl picpa bo luinijej' ceapep mebmicel to'^ fceape • ^ip to ftiS fie ]>£em mib ]yf hunije leje on jeopmen leap J)onne bit hahje ]'yl on butepan jeacep fupan -j fmjpenan "j pubupopan fmipe foi. 41 b. niib J7a oppap j^sep hit jieabije Iset ]?a o^pe j-ealpe clasn- iian f bolli ne bo nan paetep to, Sealp pi]? cancjie • jemm cu meoluc bucan ppetejie l?et )7eop]?an to pletum 5e]?pe]i to butepan ne paspc on pjetpe. Ntm fijel- hpeoppan ]?a fmalan unprej'cene bo clsene cnua fpiSe 5emen5 pel pi^ J)?epe butepan bo on pannan opeji pyji apyl fpiSe apeoli pel ]?u]ih claS lacna mib ]?y, ]7i]) canceji able • ac pmb on no]i]?an cpeope be eo]i]?an • -j mebo- I "rdp(ii\p. j ^ Supply a point after to, not in - clsej-na, MS. I MS. Kead J^sen. LEECH BOOK. I. 109 often. Work him then a composing drink of sovrel in Book I. wine and in water, and in the bath, every morning, let him drink a mulled draught ; it will amend the bitterness of the gall. xliii. For dropsy, rub betony, as much as a penny weight, in warm water, let tlie patient drink for three days, each day, a good bowl full. Again, take of the juice of the roots of ashthroat or of dwarf elder four spoons full, put them into a bowl full- of wine, give them to drink to the patient. xliv. 1. Against the disease cancer, that is, bite : sorrel, salt, ribwort, egg, soot, burnt loam, smede or fine flour of wheat ; mingle with eggs, meadow sweet, " fieferth," oak rind, appletree rind, sloethorn rind : if the cancer wax on a man, work up some new chalder and la}' on ; cleanse the wound thei'ewith. 2. Against cancer ; burn sulfur in a copper vessel, rub it to dust, as small as thou may, and sift through a cloth, mingle with old soap, and let the sulfur pre- dominate, add a moderate quantity of virgin honey ; see if it be, too stiff, moisten it witli the honey ; lay on a mallow leaf; when it healeth, boil in butter cuckoo sour and singreen and woodroffe, smear therewith the borders, where it is red ; make the other salve cleanse the wound, put no water. A salve for cancer ; take cows milk, without water, make it become cream, turn it to butter, wash it not in water. Take the small turnsole unwashen, make it clean, pound it thoroughly, mix it well with the butter, put it into a pan over the fire, boil it thoroughly, strain well through a cloth, cure therewith. Against disease of cancer : oak rind on the north side of the tree by the earth, and the 110 LiECE BOC. pypt nioJ>epeapb • jepejiSe ni]pepea)ib • cunejiseppe nio- }>opeapb • bo ealpa empela jecnua to bufce • bo lienne fejep f hpite to • -j hunij bo bejea empela jemen^ piS J?am bufciim cla^m on Sone eancep ne bo nan p?etep to. .XLV. yi]) attpe bpencaf "j Isecebomaf • betonican mepce • pejnnob • pmul • pebic • cnua on ealaS j-ele bjiincan. piS attjie betonican "j ]?a fmalan attopla];an bo on halij psetep bpinc f pseteji -j et ];a pypta. Ui5 selcum attjie • pebic "j elate ete eep ne msej ]>e nan man attpe fol. 42 a. apypban. PI'S selcum attpe bipceoppypt ni];epeapb -j elehtjie • -j fppmj pypt nio]?epeajib eo):opJ?potan • "j clatan • apyl on ealaS pele bpmcan jelome. jtp nreb- b]ie j-lea man pone blacan fnejl apsepc on halij psBtpe pele bpmcan o]>])e hpset hpeja ] sep ];e fjiam fcottum come. 6pt pejbjiteban jejnib fpipe bpmc on pine. Pi]; nsebpan bite betonican ^te ]>\iy penejaf jepeje bo on ]>]\y boUan pulle pmef pele bpmcan. Pi]? nsebpan bite ept ptfleape appunjenu -j \>\\> ptn jemenjeb 30b bij> to bpincanne. Yip nsebpan bite ept celejjonie jetpipulabe bjunce on nealit neptij • ill. bollan jrulle. pi]> nsebpan pleje fppmjpypc • atoplaj^an • eopopppocan • bipceoppyjit ]'ypc to bpence. Pi|) |)on ])e mon Jncje atoji • jenim pa. bajian hunan jepypc micelne bsel *j nsebeppypte cnua tojsebepe -j ppmj f peap bo pmef }jpie mel on ^j pele bpmcan. yip nsebpan plite ntm pejbpseban • ^ ajpimonian • -j nsebbep pypt pele jejnibene on pme bpmcan • -j pypc fol. 42 b. pealpe op ]?am ileum pyptum • -j mm |^a ajjiimonian Ch. xliv, LEECH BOOK. I. 111 netherward part of meadow sweet, the netherwavd part Book i. of "feferthe," the netherward part of cynoglosson, em- ploy of all equal quantities, pound to dust, add thereto the white of a hens egg, and honey, employ equal quantities of the two, mingle with the dusts, clam or maJ^e it cling on the cancer, put no water to it. xlv. 1. Drinks or 'potio7is and leechdoms against poison. Pound in ale betony, marche, wormwood, fennel, radish ; administer this to drink. Against poison ; put in hoi}' water betony and the small atterlothe, drink the water and eat the worts. Against any poison ; eat ere the danger cometh radish and clote ; no man may then do thee a mischief with poison. Against any poison ; boil the netherward part of bisliopwort and lupin, and the netherward part of springwort, everthroat, and clote in ale ; give to drink frequently. If an adder strike a man, or for whatever of that which cometh of shots, wash the black snail in holy water, give to the sich to drink. Again, rub waybroad thoroughly fine, drink it in wine. For bite of snake, put so much of betony as may weigh three pennies into three bowls full of wine, give it the man to drink. 2. For bite of snake again ; cinqfoil wrung and min- gled with wine is good to drink. For bite of snake again; celandine bruised, at night fasting, let the man drink three bowls full. For adders wound, work eu- forbia, attorlothe, stemless carline, ammi, into a drink. 3. In case a man swallow poison, take then hore- hound, work up a mickle deal of it, and adder wort, pound them together and wring the juice, pour thereon three measures of wine and give this to the poiso7ied man to drink. For hurt from snake ; take waybroad, and agrimony, and adderwort, administer them rubbed up in wine to be drunk ; and work up a salve of the 112 L^CE ROC. jepyjic anne hpmj ymb ];one j-lice ucan ne ofepfciliS hit }:up}'op • "j bmb ]?a pypce ept opeji ]3 bolh. Pi]j nasbjian yle^e bo op }>inum eajian ]3 ceojio -j fmipe niib ymb *j fmj j^pipa Jjsep haljan See lohannep jebeb -j jealboji. From the beup meup et pateji et piliup et fpipitup Sanctup, Assumptio sci ^111 omnia ]-ubiecca funt. Cui cm nip cpeatnijia be- lohaunis Seuuic ec ommr pocercai- rubiecta eSc et mecuic ec apostoli. J \. PI 1 expauej'cit et bpaco pujic ec lilic uipepa et jiubeta ilia que bicitup pana quieca toppepcit et pcoppiuS ex- ^phalangiusAl. j-ijij^j-uj^ et pejulup iimcituji et fpelaiu]"'^ nihil iioxmm opepatup et omnia uenenata et abhuc pepociopa pepen- tia^ et animaha noxia te iiepentup" et omnej- abueppe Saluti^ humane pabicep ajiepount. Tu bomme extinjue hoc uenenatum uipuf extmjue opepatjonef eiuf mopti- pepaf et uipef quaf In ye habet euacua et ba In con- fpectu tuo omnibuf quof tu cpeaftj • oculof ut uibeant aujiep ut aubiant cop ut majnitubmem tuam Intelle- fol. 43 a. jant '* et cum hoc bixij'j'et totum femet jpfum fijno cpuci]' apmauit et bibit totum quob epat In cahce • pep pijnum Sancte cpucif • et pep te xpe ihu et^ beo fummo patpe umiS faluatop munbi In umtate fpipitup Sancti pep omnia Ssecula Sseculopum amen ; ])i]) pleojenbum atpe "j selcum jetejmum fpile • on ppijebseje ajjpep butepan J^e fie jemolcen op anej- bleoj- nytne o1S^e hinbe • 'j ne fie pi]? p?etpe jemenjeb • aj-mj opep nijon fi]?um letania • "j mjon pi]?um patep noptep • -j nijon fi]?um J>ip jealbop • Acpse • sepcpse • fepnem • nabpe • gepcuna hel • sepnem • nijjsepn • ?ep • afan • buipme • abcpice • sepnem • meobpe • sepnem • jejjejm • sepnem • allu • honop • ucuf • ibap • abcept • cunolaju • paticamo • helse • icap xpita • hsele • tobsept tejia • pueh • cui • pobatep • plana • mil • '^ beah to ' pepentje, MS. i ' -gunc, MS. ^ tenebancuji, MS. ^ Supply cum. This doxology is ^ abiK'ri'e SaluciS, MSS. | an addition, not in the legend. LEECH BOOK. I. 113 same worts, and then take agrimony, form a ring ai-ound Book T. the incision on the outside, (lie mischief will proceed no *"'' '''^" further, and bind the wort also over the sore. For stroke of viper, remove from thine ears the wax and smear around therewith, and say thrice the prayer of Saint John. 4. Dominus mens et pater et fdius et spiritus sanctus ; cui omnia subiecta sunt ; cui omnis creatmu deservit et omnis potestas subiecta est et metuit et expavescit; et draco fugit, et silet vipera, et rubeta ilia qu?e dicitur rana quieta torpescit, et scorpius extinguitur et regulus tho. hcLfiU he \mc\iviY et o-TrijAajoj^ nihil noxium opera- ^ The tarantula tur, et omnia venenata et adhuc ferociora, repentia et i^*^,^ ^'"^ '" '? . ^ hole watching anmialia noxia, te verentur ; et omnes adversse saluti for prey. human?e radices arescunt ; tu, domine, extingue hoc ve- nenatum virus, extingue operationes eius mortifera,s, et vires, quas in se habet, evacua, et da in conspectu tuo omnibus quos tu creasti, oculos ut videant, aures ut au- diant, cor ut magnitudinem tuam intelligant. Et cum hoc dixisset, totum semet ipsum signo crucis armavit, et bibit totum quod erat in calice : per signum sancttc crucis, et per te Christe lesu, qui cum, domino summo patre vivis, salvator mundi, in unitate Spiritus Sancti, per omnia secula seculorum. Amen. 5. For flying venom and every venomous swelling, on a Friday churn butter, which has been milked from a neat or hind all of one colour ; and let it not be mingled Avith water, sing over it nine times a litany, and nine times the Pater noster, and nine times this incantation. The charm is said in the tahle of contents to be Scottish, that is Gaelic,^ but the ivord.s themselves seem to belong to no known language. That is valid ' Or Gadhelic, or Irish. An early I as not Scotland, occurs in TIClfrics instance of the mention of Ireland, 1 Homilies, vol. ii. p. .T JG. VOL. XL H 114 LMCE BOa [Blciim -j liujiu CO beopum boljum. Sume an j^ojib piS nrebjian bire IsejuaS co cpe])enne f ip fanl ne mrej liim bejuan. ])i^ nveh]\ai\ yhte 31]: he bejefc "j yt pmbe fio pe cyniS oj: neojixna pon^e ne bepeS him nan atteji • fol. 43 b. J>onne cpoe]; pe pe ]?ap boc ppat p hio psejie tO]i bejete, Ttp lipa bjiince pypm on poetejie op fniSe fceap paSe bjnnce hax: p j'ceapep blob. Tip mon fie jyjituin poji- bojien pele fpjimjpypt p he ete -j hahj pasteji pupe. ]}\]) }Jon ]>e mon fie popbopen • jip lie hsey]? on him fcyttifc peax • J^a fmalan attoplaSan o^^e on ajjylbnm ealaS bjnnce ne msej hme pyptum popbepan. • XLVI. '^<, qIP ana p3^]im on men peaxe • fraijie mib prepe blacan pcalpe jip he nt pnjih ete -j ]>ypel jepypce • jentm hnni^ep bjiopan bpype on j^ast pyjiel • hapa ]>onne je- bpocen ^Isep jeapa jejpunben fceab on p pypel ponne pona fpa he J^rep onbipij^ ponne fpilt he. Sealp piS anapypme • ]nif mon j-ceal pypcean. Tentm qiimque- polian p ip pipleape* .puban pyl on butejian ^efpet mib huni^e. bpenc qumquepolian p ip pipleape pele on ealaS bpm- can pipitij nihta. bpenc ]>iS ];on prebicef fj©b -j caulep jnib on eala o]>])e on pm bjimce yi]) anapyjime lanje -j jelome op f pel fie. Clam yip ];on ])a jieaban tijelan fcl. 44 a. jecnnpa to biifce -^emenj ]nt> 5]iut abjiaeb cicel leje on ]) bolli ]'y]ic o]H;pne ;5ip J^'ajip fie. LEECH BOOK. T. 115 for every, even for deep wounds. Some teacli us against Book I. bite of adder to speak one word, that is, Faul;' it Cii. xlv. may not linrt him. Against bite of snake, if the oiian procures and eateth rind, which cometli out of paradise, no venom will damage him. Then said he that wrote this book, that the rind was liard gotten. 6. If one drink a creeping thing in water, let him cut into a sheep instantly, let him drink the sheeps blood liot. If a man be "restrained" with worts," give him springwort for him to eat, and let him sup up holy water. Incase that a man be "withheld;" if he hath on him Scottish wax, and the small atterlothe ; or let him drink it in boiled ale, he may not be " restrained " by worts. xlvi. 1. If 0ns worm ^ grow in a man, smear with the " See Glos- l)lack salve. If tJie worm eat through to the outside ^^'^^' and make a hole, take a drop of honey, di'op it on the hole, then have broken glass ready ground, shed it on the hole, then as soon as the worm tastes of this he will die. A salve against an 0ns worm, thus shall a man work it : take cinquefoil, that is five leaved grass, and rue, boil them in Ijutter, sweeten with honey. 2. A drink; administer in ale cinquefoil, that is five leaved grass, or 'potentilla, to drink for thirty nights. A drink for that ; rub ' down into ale or into wine seed of radish and of colewort, let the man drink that long and frequently against 0ns worm, till that Ids case be bettered. A plaster for the same : pound to dust a red tile or hrick, mingle with groats, bake a cake, ky it on the wound ; work another ];>laster if need be. ' Cf. " Duo," to drive away scor- I - From hajnieb)niis. See yoiibe« pious, Plinius, lib. xxviii. 5. | jian in Glossary. H 2 U6 L^.CE P.OC. .XLVII. Lgecebomaf ]'i5 |ieo]iabliim • reycjnnb • sejpan jiinh • elm jmib • cpicjnnb • fio micle popjnj uerle nio]:»opea]ib • pepniob • InnbhioloSe • befopeaba ]ja pmba ealle iitan *j j^ecnua fpi) e p}^ tofomne • bo ealpa empela op jeot nnb hlutujie ealo]; \vex: fcanban ];one bpenc nihtejnie on pate sd]\ mon Line bpmcan pille • bpince on mop- jenne fcenc pulne J'lj'ep bjiencep • to mibbep mepi^enef fcanbe eaft peajib 'j bebeobe hme jobe -^eopiihce -j liine jepenije cyjipe hiue fun;j;on5ep ymb {epteji J^am bjieiice ;;^an;t;e pij^J^an -j ftanbe fume lipile ve]\ lie Iniie jiefte jeoce fpa micel on fpa lie J^seji op bo • bjiince jnpne bjienc nijon nilit -j Jncje fpilcne mete fpa he pille. b)ienc pj]^ ]7eo]iable • funb' oinpjian ymb help fmj ]?pipa pateji ]i]i • bjieb up p>onne ]?u cpe];e fet - libepa nof a malo . j^enim J'jepe pip fiifieba -j feopon pipoji cojm jecnua tojsebejie 'j j'onne ]m f pypce fmj .xii. fi|pura fol. 441). ])0iie pealm • mipejiepe mei beup • -j jlopia In excelpif beo • 'j patep nopteji • opjeoc J>onne nub pine ];onne brej •j nilit pcabe*^ bjunce ]>onne ]7one bpenc *j beppeoli 6e peapme, Tenim Jjonne hinb hiolopan ane^ 6p7;eot mib yrete]\e bjiince o]?]ie mojijne fcenc pulne |?onne o]>pe ]-i])e feopon fiifeba -j iiijon pipojicopn • ];pibban pipe 1115011 fnreba -j xi. pipojicojin. 6]iinc pij>)\an fpiart ' ^^ °^" of the niickle highway nettle, wormwood, hindheal, that is, luater agrimony, empurple all the rinds on the outside, and pound them thoroughly, boil them togetlun-, apply equal quantities of all, souse them with elear ale, then let the drink stand for the space of a night in a vessel, before a man shall choose to drink it. Let him in the morning drink a cup full of this drink ; in the middle of the morning hours,' let him stand towards the east, let him address himself to God earnestly, and let him sign himself with the sign of the cross, let him also turn himself about as the sun goeth fivrii east to south and west ; after the drink let him next go and stand some while ere he repose himself; let him pour as much liqmd into the vessel as he removes from it : let him drink this potion for nine nights and eat what meat he will. A drink for the "dry" disease ; delve about sour ompre, that is, sorrel dock, sing thrice the Pater noster, jerk it up, then while thou sayest sed libera nos a malo, take five slices of it and seven pepper corns, bray them together, and while thou be working it, sing twelve times the psalm Miserere mei, deus, and Gloria in excelsis deo, and the Pater noster, then pour the stuff all over with wine, when day and night divide, then drink the dose and wrap thyself up warm. Then take hindheal alone, souse it with water, drink the next morning a cu}) full, then the next time seven slices and nine pepper corns, the third time nine slices and eleven pepper corns ; afterwards drink a strong potion which will run up and adown ; ^ then let blood below the ancle. 1 This .should be read as be- o'clock. The middle will be about ginuing the morning at dawn, and seven on the average, ending it at unbejm, our nine I ■ Purgative and emetic. 118 LJECE BOC. bpenc ])i\> ]78opable mnie liealj: pubu 'j bulent-jfan j-a linalan • Jninoji j'yjic • ]Hibiipeaxau moj'opeajib • pealpyjit; mojjopeajibe jecnua ]?onne ealle topomne pypce liim Co bjieiice bo on pylifc ealo • o]?J?e on beo]\ Imt fcanban nilicepne • bpmce ]?onne I'pilcue nijon mopjenai' • nime ]jy teoj^an mopjne ]7Pep bpincef tpa bleba pulle • bepylle on aue -j j^a pyjita fien mib apeoli ]?u]\li claj? apete tip ]78eji hio eo]i]7an hjiman ne mreje o]? ■^ hic mon bpmcan mseje ; ^ ];onue }?u hit ~ jebjuincen lisebbe be- fol. 45 a. ppeoh ]?e peapme lije on J^a fiban 'pe he J»onne jecenje lie- jip he'^ on J^am mnoj^e.biS J^onne abpifS hme )?el' bpinc ur. Sealp pi]? ])eope mm japleac -j jjieate J'yjic • pepmob leabe* netlan ciS jecnua fmale "j hiopoc fmepu gemanj p hit: fie fpilc fpa bah bo ]?onne on hnenne claS pyjime ]?onne ^ehppejjeji je ]5 he je jja pealjre co pype ]?onne ]7U hit fmypian pille Jjsep fio abl fie fylje htm mib ]7ippe fealjie -j mib ])yp ^ bpence. bpenc pi)? |?eopable bjiije pejimob • pebic pealpypt ealpa J?]ieopa em }:ela bo on eahi gnib pel hi3te set jepefran fcanban ]?peo nihc iep pon he hme bjunce • -j pi]?]?an he hme bjimce ymb feopon mhc pojilcece blob uiibep |;am an- cleope bpmce poji]? ]?one bjienc peoj^ejit^me nih'c • Isete jponne ept blob unbep ]?am o])]ian ancleope, bjnnce eallep pone bpenc j'pitig nihta on unbejm jobe blebe fulle oj'pe ]7onne ]?n pefcan pille. pi]? ];eo]ipypme on pet mm ]?a peaban iietlaii gecnua bo pseteji to leje on fol. -15 b. hatne fuan liBt appeo]?an binb on ]?one pot neahtejme. 6pt pealp setan jecnua leje on. pi]? ]?eope on pet jejmb pealpypt on jefpet pm • -j hpitcpnbu -j pipoji bpince p. ' nBEgc, MS. I ■' This word seems corrupt ; per- ■•■■ hr, MS. I haps jieabe ; red nettle, a plant ,^ The only antecedent abl ought | ofit.'ieB.-t^'uui 1(i> to be followed by feminine pro- j = )'y)*, MS., understand as hyj-um. nouns. LEECH LOOK. 1. I 10 2. A drink against the " dry " disease ; take liekl ^o""^ {■. balm^ and the small bulentse, thunderwort,^ the nether a Calaminth'a lYcXvt of woodAvax, the netherward jiart of wallwort, ncpeta. then pound all toojether, work it for him (the patiejtt) ' ^^"'P<^'''''^- 1- , . V J. / vuiii teclorum. for a driidv, put it into foreign ale or beer, let it stand for the space of a night, then let him drink such drink for nine mornings, take on the tenth morn- ing two cups full of the drink, boil them both in one, and let the worts be therewith, strain through a cloth, set it up where it may not touch the eartli, till that a man may drink it ; when thou have drunken it, wrap thee up warm; lie on the side to which the imin is incident, if it be in the inwards, then this drink will drive it out. A salve against the "dry" disease ; take garlic and great wort, wormwood, a plant of net- tle, pound small, and along with it harts grease, that it may be such as dough is, place it then on a linen cloth, then warm both the body and the salve at the fire ; when thou wilt smear the body or the spot where the disease may be, follow up the 'patient with this salve and with this drink. A cMnk for the "dry" disease; dry Avormwood, radisli, wallwort,*^ of all these equal " Saiabucas quantities, put into ale, rub the herbs doivii well, the man should have the liqmd stand at first for three nights before he drink it, and subsequently let him drink it for about seven nights, let him let blood under the ancle, let him drink the drink straight on for fourteen niglits; let him next let blood under the other ancle. Drink the dose for thirty nights in all, a good cup full at nine A.M. or when thou wilt go to bed. For a "dry"' worm in the foot; take the red nettle, pound it, add water to it, lay it on a hot stone, make it froth, bind it on the foot for the space of a night. Again, a salve ; pound oats, lay on. For the "dry" rot in the foot, triturate wallwort into sweet- ened wine, and mastic and pepper ; let him drink that. 120 L/ECE BOC. Oxa liejibe |nj-ne lajcobom • jeiiiine pealpyjic "j cluj:- j^unj -j ciieopliolen ^ ejrelaptau "j cainecou "j tunjilj'in- pyjit • vim. bjuuie bij-ceop pypt • "j attojilaj^an 'j peabe net Ian • -j jioabe ]io]:an --j pepmob -j jeappan • "j hunan ■j boljjiiman • -j bj^eopje bpolrlan bo ealle ]>a]' pypta on pylipc ealo -j bjnnce ponne nijon bajal' "j blob Isete. ])i]) J^eop pfBpce pypc to bjience alexanbpe • finpulle pejunob • tpa cneopliolen • paluian • lapme • pealmope • lupefcice • pepep puje • mepce • cofc • japleac • tej'C- I'jiotu • beconice • bifceop pyjic • on tj^ybpopnum ealaS jepypce (pet mib Imnije bjmic nijon mopjenaf nanne o];epne poetan bjunc repcep Ipijme bpenc "j Iset blob fol. 4G a. oxa laepbe jnfne lascebom. j^i]? JjBope cneopliolen nij^e- peajib • acumba • cpiS • -j bpune pyjit ealjia empela bo on pililc ealii • bepyl o]? ]?pibban bsel -j bpmce ]m hpile ]>a lie jnijipe • -j ]?a3p lio abl jefitce pylje hmi fiinle nnb ti^e hopne o]? ]3 Lai fie. • XLVIII. "E\iJ.iv0es. 1 Pij; |,ain pyji mumjje mnan ejlaS j)am men • jennn l^e^bpteban jetjupula -j Ji peaj) j-ele on cuclepe fupan •j ]>a p3^]it ]-elpe Ipa jecnupabe leje on j^one napolan. PrS cilba mnoj'ep pypnmm • jennn jpene mmtan penne gelm jebo on ppy ]'e]-t]iaf pa?tepel" peo5 o]? ]?pibban bsel apeoli ]?onne pele bpincan. piS cilba mno]) I'ape bpeopje bjiolrle • "j cymen jernm jebeat jemense pij; pjietep le^c opeji Sone napolan Ibna biS hal. Vi& pypmum ]>e innan ejIaS • ^enelbep lieojirej- hopnep ahfan oSSe bufc Jfcrb. Apul., ii. 10. LEECH BOOK. I. 121 3. Oxa taught an this lecchdoin : take wall wort, ;>nd Hook 1. clofting, and kiieeholn, and everlasting, and cainniock,' '' ^ ^"' and white hellebore, in the proportion of nine to one, brownwort, bishopwort, and atterlotlic, and red nettle, and red hove, and wormwood, and yarrow, and hore- honnd, and pellitory, and pennyroyal, put all these worts into foreign ale, and then let tJte rnan driidv for nine days and let blood. For the "dry" pain; make into a drink, alexanders, sedum, wormwood, the two kneeholns,- sage, savine, carrot, lovage, feverfue, marche, costmary, garlic, aslithroat, betony, bishopwort, work them up into double brewed ale, sweeten with honey, drink for nine mornings no other liquid ; drink afterwards a strong potion, and let blood. Oxa taught this leecli- dom. Against "dry" rot; put into foreign ale, the netherward part of kneeholn, tow,^ matricaria (?\ and brownwort, of all equal quantities; boil down to one third part, and let the patient drink while lie may re(piire it ; and where the disease has settled, follow him up ever with the drawing horn* till the place be hole. xlviii. Against tlie worms which ail men witliin ; take intestinal waybroad, triturate it, and give tlie juice in a spoon worms, to sup, and lay the Avort itself, so pounded, on the navel. Against worms of the inwards of children ; take green mint, a handful of it, put it into three sextariuses of water, seethe it down to one tliird part, strain, then give to drink. For inward sore of chil- dren take pennyroyal and cunmiin, beat them up, mingle them with water, lay them over the navel, soon it will be whole. Against worms which ail a mail ' Pcucedanuin officinale. ■ Only Muscus aculcalus grows wild in England. There are three otherE. ^ Understand as reduced to ashes. See note on I. xxxiii. 1. * Cupping glass. 122 L^CE BOC. jemenj pi6 himij jefmijie mib J^one bpecj^eajim ^ jjone napolan mib ]?y jjonne jreallaS hie, ^ pib pyjimum \)e innan ejla^ jerpijrolab- cofc to bufce • jebo jobne ba3l in hat paeteji yele bpmcan. fol. 46 b. ^P^P pj^jimiim eyt jate cojib iieajib -j I'piSe bjnje je- menj -j jejmb yip liunij pele bjimcan pset abjiip]> liie ]Marcellus, apej. piS pyjimiiin ]^e mnan ejlaS ept jiebtc feo"6 on psetjie oj? pone ]?]ubban bsol menje pi];* pm pele bpmcan. Marcellus, 6pt pib bon gate ^eallan jebo on puUe lege "j biub on ' ' ]>one napolan. yip ]>on ilcan • mmtan pel jetpipulabe menj pij? Imnij py]ic to lytluin clipene Itet popfpeljan. 6pt ele -j ecebep em micel gemenjeb pele J^py bajap bjiincan. Gpt eopojij^jiote • mejice • Ijetonice • nepte • jiScojm pyl on jnne. pi]> pyjunuin pe innan ejlab pyptbjienc op oiitpan • op pelbmopan lele bjnncan- Sealp • ete celej^onian • b]iunep3qit a]:»ylle on mojiobe • bo ]7onne Icip teajio -j fpepl to imi]ie mib. . XLVIIII. AoKapts. y^p ]'3,m I'malan pyjime. pipepmban tpij pojiepeajib • •j ]7a pealpan boccan njep pa jieaban • -j pip jpeate pcalt jcbeatcn toja-'bepe fpiyjc I'male *j lytel butejian. .L. y ip lionb pyjimum -j beap pyjimuin • jenim boccan fol. 47 a. obSc clataii pa pe i'pnnman polbe pa pyjittjiuman men;^ pi6 plccan "j prS j'calt last I'ranban pjico iiilit -j ]>y pcoppan bajje iinipc inib pa j'apian fcopa. ' riiiiius Valerianus, ut infra. l ' Piiniuw Valerianiis, fol. 41, c. ■-' Head secjujola. | LEECH BOOK. I. 123 within ; minsrle with hone^', tishes or dust of burnt ^^H \\. harts horn, smear therewith tlie fundament and the navel, then they fall away. For worms which ail Avithin ; triturate costmar}' to dust, put a good deal into hot water, give to drink. 2. For worms again ; mingle and rub up vriih honey a hard and very dry goats tord, administer it to be drunk, that will drive them awaj*. Against worms which ail a man within, again; seethe in water radish to the third part, mingle with wine, give to drink. Again for that ; put goats gall on wool, lay and bind it on the navel. For that ilk ; mingle with honey, mint well triturated, work it into a little bolus, make him swallow it. Ao-ain, give for three davs to diink oil and of vineg-ai- an equal quantity. Again, everthroat,^ marehe, betony, nepeta, githcorn ; boil them in wine ; For worms which are troublesome within ; give to drink a wort drink of •*ontre'" and of parsnip. A salve ; let him eat celandine ; let him boil brownwort in inspissated wine, then add thereto ship tar and sulfur ; smear therewith. xiix. For the small worm; the forepart of a twig of Hair worm, withe wind, and the tallow dock,* not the red one, ^i?«'"f r "•«"- and this coarse salt beaten together very small and Apalustris. little butter. ]. 1. For hand worms- and dew worms ; t-ake dock or clotes, such as would swim, mingle the roots with cream and with salt, let it st^aJid for three nights, and on the fourth day smeai" therewith the sore places. ' Curlina acttulis. Keipjoi = tacniaj ? tape worms, \ronas - Souse Gl. make gad dies the I like ribands or tapes ; i-ead as hand worms ; are they rather here I x^'P'"*- 124 L^CE BOC. tT): pypm hanb ete • jentm mejifc meaji jeallan 'j jieabc netlaii -j jieabe boccan "j I'mjele clifan yy\ on cu butejian j^onne fio j'ealj: jelbben I'le pipj^um nun Jjonne j'ealtej' ])]iy men Iceab on hpeji colbnme • -j Innjie nnb • ly)7]ie mib lapan ymb mhc fmijie inib. pi}) beappypme Icseppe on liar col cele nnb pfetjie itseppe on Ipa hat Ipa he harol'r mpeje, pib beappyjiine • fume mmaS peajim cpeab monnef ]?ynne bnibab neahtepne on • fume fpinef lunjenne peapme. ])i^ honb pypme Nmi fcijVceapo • "J fpepl 'j pipop • -j hpir j-ealr menj coSomne fmijie nnb. peax pealp pi)> pyjime • peax pealp • butepe pipo]i hptr yealt: menj tofomne fmijie nnb. .LI. Pi]) pyjimum^ ])e mannep plsej'C etaS jiam jeallan |;one pajan cnua on ni]ie ealo seji ])on Inc aj'ipen pe fol. 47 b. pele ]5 opeji p3'llo bjiincan ))]ieo nihr. 6pt: jemm jjiunbe fpeljean ]?e on eojipan peaxe]? -j fceapej- fmejiu menj tofomne jelice pela leje on. 6j:t jennn bepen eap befenj leje on fpa hat 'j hat pjietep lapa on. ]}ip plccpc pyjimum jenim monnep fnjian |a leap gejiel tojtebjie jebjiifib on jtejife jecuna ]7onne leje on fpa j'u hatofc nuieje ajipepnan, .LII. yi]) Infiim acjiiub -j hpon pepmob jccnua on ealn pele bjuncan. UiS lulum c])'ic peolpoji "j ealb butejie an pemnj peolpjiep • -j tu pennij pa'je butepan menj on ajipot eal toSomne. ' 'POnplacrii ? LEECH BOOK. I. 125 2. If a worm cat the hand ; take marsh mareo-all''^ Book i. f'l 1 and red nettle, and red dock, and tlte small bur, boil ^ " in cows butter; when the salve is sodden, then further ^,„,.,„/,„/,«)(/// take of salt three parts, shed thereuj>on, shake together, and smear therewith ; lather with soap, about night timie smear therewith. Against a dew worm; let the man step upon a hot coal, let him cool tlie foot with water ; let him step upon it as hot as he hottest maj". For a dew worm, some take warm thin ordure of man, they bind it on for the space of a night ; some tahe a swines lung warm. Against a hand worm ; take ship tar, and sulfur, and pepper, and white salt, mingle them together, smear therewith. A wax salve against a worm ; a wax salve ; butter, pepper, white salt, mingle them together, smear therewith. li. Against worms which eat a mans flesh ; pound into new ale, before it be strained, the party coloured ram gall,' give the running over to drink for three nights. Again, take groundsel which waxeth on the earth, and sheeps grease, mingle thein together, alike much in qwtntlty, lay on. Again, take an ear of beer or bar- ley, singe it, lay it on so hot, and hot water, leave it on. Against flesh worms; take mans sorrel, boil the leaves together, spread them out on the grass, then pound them, lay them on, as thou hottest may endure them. lii. Against lice ; pound in ale oak rind and a little wormwood, give to the lousy one to drink. Against lice ; quicksilver and old butter ; one pennyweight of quich^Wev and two of butter; mingle all together in a brazen vessel. ' Menyimthea trifoliafa. 12G LiECE BOO. .LTIT. V iS fmejca j'yjmie nipe cyye -j beob]ieab 'j lipfietenne lilap ete. Gyx: monnej" lieapob ban bj\3]in to aliyan bo jnib pipan on. .LIIII. J)]]> pyjimaecura lice "j cpelbehtnm acjnnbe bnfc • {rpcjiinbe bufc • ellen pnibe bnfc on no]i}jan neo];an fol. 48 a. jam cpeope • eolonan mopan bufc- boccan mopan bufc' j'yjim acmehipep bnfr pipopef bnfr fijlan bufc • fpejrlep bnfc • ele • 'j li0]i]-ep fmejiu Co pope -j pcipteajiof leefc ' ]>ip]"a ealpa empela -j })a]ia biifca ealjia empela jemenj eal cealb to)-omne p hic pjiam ])ani ])ofuni eal pel fmitenbe fmipe mib on nihc *j on mojijen ale]:>]ie. .LV. Pi]) aplejennni lice . bpom • peltejie • ^eappe • Iiope p3'l on butepan -j on hiui ^ fmipe mib. .LVI. > ypc bse}* pi]) aplejenum lice • jentra 'p micle peapn nio])opeapb • -j elm jtmbe jpene jecnua cofomne -j meb- bjiofna bo CO pretan jnib fpiSe cofomne leje on lanje lij'ile o]> p he peapm fie o])}^e onfcaeppe. pip aplejenum lice pealp eolone fpiSe jefoben "j niSepeajib homoppecj "j ealb fpic cniia eal topomne jjyjim ])U]ih cla(5 co pyjie fmijie mib • pceappa ];onne fimle ymb . YIT. niht ]-ere liojni on pa openan pceajipan Iluro ail erasure occurs, as if luuiise laud been meant, but not filled ii LEECH BOOK. I. 127- liii. Book r. Ch, liii. Against a boring worm ; let the man eat new cheese and beebread and wlieaten loaf. Again, burn to ashes a mans liead bone or skull, put it on with a pipe. liv, For a wormeaten and mortified body ; dust of oak rind, dust of ash rind, dust of elder rind, taken on the north of tlie tree, and the nether part, warm, dust of the root of helenium, dust of root of dock, dust of acorn meal, peppers dust, dust of rye, sulfurs dust, oil, and horses grease for a liquid, and the least propor- tion of ship tar, of all these equal quantities, and of all the dusts equally much ; mingle all cold together, so tliat by means of the liquids may be all well smudg- ing, or tJiorougJily unctuous, smear therewith at night, and in the morning lather. Iv. For slain, that is, stricken, body, broom, fel terrre,^ » Enjthraa yarrow, hove, boil these in butter and in honey, smear '^(^"'""'^'^""'^ therewith. Ivi. 1 . Work a fomentation for a stricken body ; take the mickle fern,'^ the netherward part, and elm rind ^ AsphHum green, pound them together, and for a liquor add mead'"'' dregs, rub them up thoroughly together, lay on foi- a long while, till tliat the sufferer be warm or walk about. 2. For a stricken body, a salve; heieniurn thorouglily sodden, and the netherward part of hammersedge, and old lard, pound all togetlier, warm through a cloth at the fire, smear therewith ; then scarify continually about the bruise for seven nights, set a horn ' upon ' A cupping horn. 128 LtECE boc. fol. 48 b. fmijie mib ])[e]ie Macan yealje fpa mht fj^a tpa fpa ];eapp fie 'j liy opeiie yynb. .LVII. ^ukTi. j^ip }-'ice hjienc ^ pealj: • py]ini J'jpt pylle on meolce ^ b)\ince. Sealp cnua jlaep co bufte bo hiniije]- tfaji on lacna \> bolj niib. .LVII I. lo penj-ealpe 'j pen byliim • pyjic hie op nio] opea]ibjie nerlan "j op hemlice 'j op ])B?]ie clupihran penpyjite "j op p[epe fmalan mo]ipy)ire pyl ealle peopep on bnrejian 'j on pceapep fineppe o]?]? jenoli j'le jecnna ept ]>a ilcan pyjita on ]>ie]\e pealpe -j j'cip ceapo -j japleac -j cjiopleac -j pecjleac "j pealr menj pel bo on claS p^^jnn ro pype fpi^e^ fmipe mib. Penj'ealp ourjie cejipan peai^e neclan pejunob • tpa penpyjita • ellen jimbe • pejbp.tebe • fujmn • bipceop pyjit • bulor niSepeapb • fmepe pypt • peak • pcipteaj\o • -j pceapen fmejia. pij) pen byle Nim cpopleac • ontpe • fol. 49 a. eolone • clupelite penpypr • jecnna ealle J^a )'/)ita fpi])e pel leje on. Penj-ealp hiojiorep meajih • ipij; teapo -j jebeaten pipop 'j fcip ceapo. ^ [P^V ]^^ blacan blejene fyle })am men etan cpejeu cjioppaf oSSe ])]\y op ) sepe pypte ]?e man on J>peo pifan hace^ myxenplante.] fpi«, MS. In the margin, in a different and later hand. LERC'Tr BOOK. I. 129 the open scarifications, smear with tlie black salve, bo Book I. it for a night, be it for two, as need be, and as they " ^'' be open. Ivii. For the disease called fig, a drink and a salve ; let him boil worm wort in milk and drink it. A salve ; pound glass to dust, add a drop of honey, leech the wound therewith. Iviii. 1. For a wen salve and for wen boils ; work the salro of the netherward part of nettle and of hendock, and of the wenv/ort which has cloves or bulbed roots^'^ and =" Probably of the small moorwort, boil all four in butter and in f ""f"^"^"^' sheeps grease till there be enough, pound again the same worts in the salve, and ship tar, and garlic, and cropleek, and sedgeleek,^ and salt, mingle well, put i> AHium on a cloth, w^arm thoroughly at the fire, smear tliere- •'^fhienoprcmm. with. 2. A salve for wens ; ontre, cress, I'ed nettle, worm- wood, the two wenworts, elder rind, w^aybroad, sorrel, bishopwort, the nether part of bulot, smearwort, salt, shi]i tar,^ and sheeps grease. For a wen boil ; take cropleek, ontre, helenium, the clove rooted wenwort, ]iound all the worts thoroughly well, lay the stuff on. 8. A wen salve ; harts marrow, ivy tar, and beaten pepper, and ship tar. 4. [Against the black blain, give to the man to eat two bunches or three ofl:' the wort, wdiich is called in three ways, the mix en plant.^] ' Pix uavalis is occasionally prescribed by the medical authors, as Nic. Myreps, 481, c, in the Medicte Artis Principes. - Atropa belladonna. VOL. ir. I 130 L^CE BOC. LVIIII. ^ PiJ> If ft able • mm j^cenc jrulne peallenbef psetejief o)>e]ine elep • *j bpicef yealtey fpilc fpa mseje mib j:eo- pep pmjpum jemman • hpep tojsebepe op 5? hit eall V' on an fie. bpmc eall be bpopan pefc hpile fanj pmjep on ciolan afpip^ epc eall -j ma 51]: ]>u masje • ]?onne on mor^5en foplset blob oj: eapme • oS6e of fpeopan fpa msept apsefnan mseje • -j j-ceappije • *j hpon onfette opep eall fmipe }>onne mib liacan ele "j htm sejhpset; ^- j-ealrep beopje • bpuce jlsebenan "j eop ojipeapnep uppe on rpeope -j mib hnej'ce puUe opep ppiSe ealle J)a fceappan ]7onne hie fien jefmyjiebe. ])i]> neujiipne banpypt bo on fupe plecan 'j on hunij sejep jeola menj tofomne fmijie mib. Gpt jienpypmaf cnua bo on. .LX. P16 bjiyne pypc pealpe • jemrn jate tojib "j hpsete fol. 49 b. liealm jebsepn to bufce jemenj burn pij) butepan bo on pannan opeji pyp a]>yl fpi^e pel apeoli |)U]ib cla5 fmipe mib. Pi]> bpyne jemm pmulep ni})epea]ibe]- jebeat piS ealbne pypele -j leje on. Bpc jentm lilian -j jeappan pyl on butepan fmipe mib. pij), pon ilcan pylle pibban on butejian -j fmipe mib. Pi]7 J;on ilcan pylle jeappan on butepan fmijie mib. Pi]? ]?on ilcan pylle coccuc on pceape]' fmeppe -j atcojilajjan -j eopoppeapn bo on hunij oSSe on peax. Pi]> }>on bo as^ej- ]3 hpite on jelome. napAxvati. | = afpi])e, as third persou better. LEECH BOOK. I. 131 lix Book I. Ch. lix. Against palsy ; take a cup full of boiling water, another of oil, and of white salt so much as one may pick up with four fingers ; shake together till that it be all one : drink all this by drops, rest awhile, poke thy finger into the gullet, spew up again all and more if thou ^ may ; then in the morning let blood from the arm or from the neck, as much as he ' may bear ; and scarify and let him put something on, then after all smear with hot oil and let him taste a trifle of salt; employ gladden and everfern picked high up on the tree, and cover over with nesh wool all the scarifica- tions when they have been smeared. Against "neu- risn" put bone wort into sour cream, and into honey, mingle together with this the yolk of an egg, smear therewith. Again, pound up earthworms, apply them. Ix. 1. Against a burn work a salve; take goats tord and halm of wheat, burn them to dust, mingle both with butter, put into a pan over the fire, boil thoroughly well, strain through a cloth, smear therewith. 2. For a burn, take some of the netherward part of fennel, beat it up with old grease, and lay on. Again, take lilly and yarrow, boil them in butter, smear therewith. For the same, boil ribwort in butter and smear therewith. 3. For that ilk, boil yarrow in butter, smear there- with. 4. For th^t ilk, boil mallow in sheeps grease, and attorlothe, and everfern, put them into honey or into wax. For that same, put the white of an egg on frequently. The careless use of pronouns belongs to the text. I 2 132 L^OE BOC. P'P l>]iyn<3 pab jecniia pyl on butejian finipe raib. .LXI. ^ Pib liS psejice cnua li5 pyjit; ])i'6 Imnije o])])e ceop -j leje on. 6}?u pulpep heapb ban baejin fpi'Se -j jecnua fmale ajyfc ]m]\]\ claS bo on f bolj. PiS li]? psepce cnua pejtniob pi]; teojipe -j pencepfan apjiinj f feap op menj tolbnme clceni on J3 li'S j;e ]?ie]i faji pie jebnib peepte on. pi]> liS peape jelob pyjit • bjiune pyjit: • ■j ba)\e pypt lytelu optofe peaxe]; on cune hsepS fol. 50 a. hpire blofcman jecnua Sa }?peo pyj^ta jemenje ]3 bi}> / 30b j-ealp. O^anejum men li'S j-eau pyb6^ jepjun;^ seplej" feap on 'j bojmep fceapof'an fjnSe fmale jepceap cpnn on p bolb ninan bo f op "j fnnle nipe on. pi]? b'S feape h];py]it liunbep beapob jebspjine "j jecnupije -j jebjipebebne jeppel • menj ]3 eall tofomne bo ]3 on. 6pt j-ennn fujme ?eppel jebpreb 'j leje on • bo jpuc on upan ]jone reppel :• Pi]; lib peape • jeiiim ina5e]7an menj piS hunij bo on ]> bolj -j Ijinb ppefce. pi]) peape jenim acpmbe -j bjiije 'j I'lpc to fmebman -j plahpopn pmbe nio])opea]ibe fypt ' 'Apdp~rts. I Dooms, p. 42. art. 53. " Si quis in - Subluvium. We find the out- | " hnmevo plagietur ut glutinum flowing of the synovia an object " compagum efflnat:" Laws, Henry of leg.al enactment. See vElfrecLs I., p. 2G5. LEECH B(K)K. 1. 133 5. For a burn, pound up woad, boil it in buttci-, ■^^'jok I. •smear therewith. ^^- '"• Ixi. 1. Against racking pain iu the joints, pound lith- wort with honey, or chew it and lay it on. Again, burn thoroughly the head bone or skull of a wolf and pound it small, sift it through a cloth, put it on the wound. Against pain in the joints, pound w^ormwood with tar and fen cress, wring out the juice, mingle together, stick the residue upon the joint where the sore is, bind it on fast. For the synovia of the joints, silver weed, brown Avort, and the little harewort,^ it oftenest waxeth in a garden, it hath white blossoms, })0und tlie three worts, mingle them, that is a good salve. With many men the synovia of the joints oozeth out,^ wring on the spot the juice of an apple, and shave very small some shavings of horn, crumble"^ them on the wound within it, remove that and ever apply the same anew. For the synovia of the joints, burn lith- wort,-'^ hound shead, and pound them up with roasted •■■ Samlmcus apple ; mingle all that together, apply it. Again, take ^ " "*' a sour apple, roast and lay it on ; ap|)ly groats over above the apple. 2. For the synovia of the joints, take maythe, mingle it with honey, apply it to the wound and bind it fast. For the secretion of the joints, take oak rind and dry it and work it to a fine Jiour or smede, and further sloethorn rind, the netlierward part of it, sift tlieni ' Lepidium ? ! " siipincntiir, aut vicinis adfixi in- - " Tunc articiili tumcntesinflau- " cunibant, ct aliquanclo Immore " tui', ac cleinde durcscunt ft soli- | " piirulento vel miicilento collecto, " dati saxeam faciunt qualitatem ; " aut viscoso, gcnerent poros, quos " turn etiam nigriores cfficiuntur, ! " cos transitus dicere potcrimus.'" — " atque contort!, ut in ohliquas Cnrlius vV^.irclianus, about A.D. 230, " partes digiti vcrtantur, aut rcflexi Chron. lib. v. cap, 2. 134 " L^ECE BOG. ]>A }?ujili claS -j fceab on f bolj. pi8 li8 j^eape • jeiiiin cetelhjitim *j bejieiihealm jebaejm 'j jnib tojsebepe 'j fcab on. Jif li]?ule utyjine ^entm mepce nio]?opeapbne •j hunij -j Lpsetenef melupep fmebman "j picjjan Innel ' bejnib tofomne leje on. Gpt 5emm mebopypte nioj^o- peapbe ^ecniia fniale menj pi]> hmiije leje on ]?8et jebatob fie. fol. 50 b. Ttp lijmle ticypne jennn eceb -j fujie cpuman bejie- nep hlapep -j jienpyjimap men^^ toSomne bmb on pset; p h]? mib ecebe o]7]?e mib fupan eala^. Jip lijjule tityjine • jentm pepmob -j jecnua bo on teojio clsem on -j bmb on yssyte. .LXII. ^ Pi]? pepeji able • elehtjian • ^yj^pipe • pejbjiasbe jecnua on ealu Iset fcanban tpa nilit pele bpmcan. P1J7 peppe ept betonican bpmce fpiSe • -j ete Jjpeo fnseba. 6pt: bjunc on Llutrcptim ealaS pepmob • jyj^jiipan • betonican • bipceoppypo • pen mmte • bojen • fio clupilite • pen- pyjit • mappulDie • bpmce J'pitij baja. bpenc ]n]> ]7on • beronican • fppmjpypr attojilaSe • bepbme • eopopj^pote • Imnbeptunje • bpeopje bpoMe • pepimob. pi8 J^pibban baejep pepjie on peajimum psetpe bpmce betonican tyn popan ]?onne to pille. piS peo-^J'an bsejep pepjie bpimce pejbpseban feap on fpetum psetpe tpam tibum sep him fol. 51 a. fe pepep to pille. pi]? selcej- bsejef pepepe bpmce on cealbum paetepe betonican bufcep f senne penmj jepeje • o]?ep fpilc pejbppeban. Pi]? peppe ept hylpS fynbpijo majiubie to bjimcanne. Pi]? lencten able pepmob eopop ]?jiote • elebtpe • pej- bpsebe • pibbe • ceppille • attoplaSe • pepeppuje < alex- anbjic • bipceoppyjit • hipefcice • Saluic • capj-uc pypc to ' Read Innelye ? 1 •' Uvpirus, Febris. - men, MS. LEECH BOOK. I. 135 throuo'h a cloth, and shed that on tlie wound. For ^"^"^ ^• . . . Ch. 1x1. synovia of the joints, take kettle soot and barley halm, burn and rub them together, and shed on. If the synovia run out, take the nether ward part of marche and honey, and the smede of wheaten meal, and the bowels of an ear wig, rub them together, and lay on. Again, take the netherward part of meadowwort, pound it small, mingle with honey, lay on till it be mended. 3. If the synovia run out, take vinegar and sour crumbs of a barley loaf, and earthworms, mingle to- gether, and bind on ; wet the joint with vinegar or with sour ale. If the synovia run ou€, take worm- wood and pound it, put it on tar, plaster it on, and bind it on fast. Ixii. 1. For fever disease ; pound in ale lupins, githrife, waybroad, let it stand for two nights, administer to drink. For fever again ; let him drink betony much, and eat three bits of it. Again, drink in clear ale wormwood, githrife, betony, bishopwort, fen mint, rose- mary, the clove rooted wenwort, marrubium, drink for thirty days. A drink for that, betony, springwort, attorlothe, vervain, everthroat, houndstongue, dwarf dwosle, wormwood. For a tertian fever, let the sick drink in warm water ten sups of betony, when the fever is approaching. For a quartan fever, let him drink juice of waybroad in sweetened water two hours before the fever will to him. For a quotidian fever, let him drink in cold water so much of the dust of betony as may weigh a penny ; as much more of way- broad. 2. For fever again it helpeth, to drink marrubium alone. For lent addle, or typhns fever, work to a drink wormwood, everthroat, lupin, waybroad, ribwort, cher- vil, attorlothe, feverfue, alexanders, bishopwort, lovage. 13G LiEOE BOO. fol. ol b. * Head Indc. bjience on pelfcum ealaS bo halij piereji to • -j Ipjunj pij- mon yceal pjiitan on hu]*lbipce "j on j'one bpeuc inib habj pajrejie ])pean -j jnnjan on • + + +A+ + + + +CD+ + + + + + + + + In ppmcipio ejiat uejibum et nejabum epat apnc beum et beup ejiat: ue]ibum. ]Doc ejiat In p]nnci})io apuo beum omnia peji ij^Siim ysczn Sunt, pj'eah J'onnc ■]) ^epjut mib bab^ j'a^cjie op ]?am brfce on }7one bjienc* Inij • ]jonne cjiebo ^-j pateji nopteji -j \ny leo]?. bcati Jniii cubxtj ]>one feabn mib ab bommum ]?am .xii. jebeb pealmmn. Abiuro uoS ppijopef^ et pebpeS • pep beum patpem omnipotentem et pep eraf pibum lepum cjnptum peji apcenfum et bipcenfum^ SaJuatopip noptpi ut jiecebatiS be boc pamulo bei • et be cojipuSculo eiu]- quam^ bomniup noptep Inbimmape Inftituit. Um- cit: nop leo be tpibu niba jiabix bauib. Uincic uoj- qui umci non poteSt • + xpp natuf • + xpp pafsup • + xpf uentujiuf • + aiuj- •'* + aiup • + aiup • + Sc)- • + Sep- + Sop* Jn bic''' Salutipepip mceben]- jpepiibup upbe]- • oppiba jiupa uicop captjia cafcella pejia^pani". Omnia bepulpq- fanabat cojipopa mopbi]- -^ -j J>pi])a ];onne onfupe ]nep psetepef fpelcef 3ebp?e]7e]i pajia manna. ITpos haitxaviKovi. .LXIII. Pi]? peonb leociim men • ]?onne beopol |)one monnan pebc obSe bme iiinan jepealbe mib able. Spipebpenc ebibtpe • bifceoppyjit • beolone cpopleac jecnua toSoinne bo eala to psetan Iget franban ncabtejine bo piptij lybcopna on -j babj pa^tep, bjienc pip peonbfeocum men op cijucbellan to bpmcanne • jyj^jnpe • jlsep •'^ jeappe • elebtpe • betonice • attopbape • cappiic • pane • pinul • ' Frigora. ^ Descensum. ^ Quern. ■* an\y = aytos. '■" Head Oppida, rura, casas, vicos, castella pcragrans ; Sedulius, Carm. Pascli , Lib. III., 23. Inter- ■floven in the text of Beda, III. xxviii. " For nej^la:)-, cynajglaei-j-an ? LEECH BOOK. I. 137 Hage, cassock, in foreigu ale ; add holy water and i^<>'>^ I. Ch. Ixii. spring wort. 8. A man shall write this upon the sacramental An exorcism paten, and wash it ofi' into the drink with holy water, and sing over it .... In the beginning, etc. (John i. 1.) Then wash the writing with holy Avater ott' the dish into the drink, then sing the Credo, and the Paternoster, and this lay, Beati immaculati, the psalm ;' with the twelve prayer psalms, I adjure you, etc. And let each of the two^ men then sip thrice of the water so prepared, Inde salutiferis incedens gressibus urbes, Oppida, rura, casas, vicos, castella peragrans Omnia depulsis sanabat corpora morbis. SEDVLIVS. Ixiii. For a fiend sick man, or demoniac, when a devil possesses the man or controls him from within with disease ; a spew drink, or emetic, lupin, bishop wort, henbane, cropleek ; pound these together, add ale for a liquid, let it stand for a night, add fifty libcorns, or cathartiG grains, and holy water. A drink for a fiend sick man, to be drunk out of a church bell ; cimrch bell. githrife, cynoglossum, yarrow, lupin, betony, attorlothe, cassock, flower de luce, fennel, church lichen, lichen, of ' Psalm, cxix. - Two, the leech and the sick ; two is in j^ehpaj^cji. 138 LMCE BOC. cipicjiaju • cjiifcef msele]* jiai^u • lupefcice • ^epyjic ]7one fbl. 52 a. bjienc oj: liluttjium ealaS jefmje feofon msej'yan 0}:e]\ ]7am pyjitum bo ^apleac 'j halig psetep to -j bjiype on selcne bpincan ]?one bpenc ]^e he bpmcan piUe ept* 'j fmje ];one fealin • bean Inmaculati -j exupsat; • -j Saluum me pac beuj- • *j j^onne bjimce J;one bpenc op cipicbellan -j fe mseppe ppeofe him finje seprep pam bpence }>if opep. bomme Sancte parep omnipocenf. Pi]? bpsecfeocum men • cofc • jotpoj^e • eluhtpe • betonice • attoplaSe • cjiopleac • hoiecepfan • hope • pmul • afm^e mon msep- pan opep pypce op pylifcum ealoS -j op halij pastepe. bjimce ]?ipne bpenc per jejhpilcum nipe nijon mopjenaf 'j nane o]?pe pseran f ]7icce -j fcille fie • -j selmeppan pelle "j htm apena 30b jeopnhce bibbe. pi^ peben heopte bifceoppypt • elehcpe • banpypt • eopoppeapn • jij^pipe • heahhiolojje j^onne bsej fcabe ^ -j niht ]?onne fmj ]>u on cipicean letaniaf f ip ]?apa hahjpa naman • •j patep noptep mib j^y fanje ]m 5a ]5 ]ni fie aeC })am pyptum 'j ]ppipa ymbja *j ]>oma.e ]>n hie 111 me janj ejrc to cipicean mib ])j ilcan panje • -j jepmj .xii. m^p- pan opep -j opep ealle ])a bpencan ]>e to j^sepe able fol. 52 b. belimpaj) on peop^mynbe |?apa tpelpa apoftola. .LXIIII. Pi|> selcpe ypelpe leobpunan -j piS a3lppibenne j^ij- 3ep]ut ppit him ]>iy ^pecifcum ftapum • + + A + 4 O 4-y°+ipByM iHli:- B e p p N NIKNEttANI. Gpt • o]7e]i buft 'j bpenc pi]? leobpunan • jemm bpembel jeppel -j elehtpan "j pollesian jecnua* fipt }?onne bo on pohhan leje unbeji peopob fmj 1113011 mgeppan opep bo on meoloc f buft bpyp ]7pipa on halij psetepef^ pele ' At morning twilight. - A partitive genitive ; balij; in haliS )i!cce)i is commonly unde- clincd, or regarded as part of a compound. LEECH BOOK. [. ISO Cluists mark or cross, lovagc ; work up the driuk off '^ook I. clear ale, sing seven masses over the worts, add garlic and '^ '' '''"' holy water, and drip the drink into every drink which he will subsequently drink, and let him sing the psalm, Beati immaculati, and Exurgat, and Salvum me fac, dens, Psalm cxix. and then let him drink the drink out of a church bell, Psaim Ixix.' and let the mass priest after the drink sing this over him, Domine, sancte pater omnipotens.' For a lunatic; costmary, goutweed, lupin, betony, attorlothe, cropleek, field gentian, hove, fennel; let masses be sung over, let it be wrought of foreign ale and of holy water ; let him drink this drink for nine mornings, at every one fresh, and no other liquid that is thick and still, and let him give alms, and earnestly pray God for his mercies. For the phrenzied ; bishopwort, lupin, bonewort, everfern,^ githrife, elecampane, when day and night di- vide, then sing thou in the church litanies, that is, the names of the hallows or saints, and the Pater- noster ; with the song go thou, that thou mayest be near the worts, and go thrice about them, and when thou takest them go again to church with the same song, and sing twelve masses over them, and over all the drinks which belong to the disease, in honour of the twelve apostles. Ixiv. Against every evil rune lay,^ and one full of elvish A holy amultt. tricks, write for the bewitched man this writing in Greek letters : alfa, omega, iesvm (?) beronikh.* Again, ix0Y5 ? another dust or powder and drink against a rune lay ; take a bramble apple,^ and hipins, and pulegium, pound ^ ^ oiackhary. them, then sift them, put them in a pouch, lay them under the altar, sing nine masses over them, put the ' A formula of Benediction ; ! ^ Heathen charm, several such are found in the ' Invoking the miraculous por- Missals. trait of Christ on the kerchief of - Polypodium vnhjare. \ St. "Veronica. 140 L^CE BOC. bnincan on bjieo tiba • on unbejin • on mibb^ej • on non* jij: I'lo abl netnum fie jeot: mib lialij jiterpe on muS f lice bnfc. Sealf elehtjie hejejufe • biyceoppyjit • pa peaban majojmn • ajimelu • cjiopleac • yealr pyl on butejian to fealjre fniijie on f heapob "j J'a bjieolr. bpenc hapan fppecel • alexanbjne • jmbe • elehrjie hejejiipe • bipceoppyjit • mnjope • cpopleac • apmelu • fio cneoelite • j'enpyjit bo on lialij psetep. Jip mon inape pibe • jenim elehtjian 'j japleac • "j betonican • fol. 53 a. -j jiecell" biiib on mepce lipebbe liim mon on "j lie janje in on pap j'ypte. .LXV. 6 pt bpenc piS lenc~en able pepejipuje • hpam jealla* pmul • ]'e;5bppebe • jefinje mon pela meeppan opep ] sepe j^yjite -^ opjeot; mib ealaS bo halij pa?t:ep on pyl fpipe ]'t'l bjunce ponne Ipa lie hatofc mseje micelne fcenc pnlne sep pon fio abl to pille :• peopeji jobfpellapa -'— H- naman "j jealbop "j jebeb • -1-^,-1- . COatheup • + + + -}- + 16. CtJa]icuS+ + + + + • lucaS • -j4^- • Iobannep_L;^_lt^. Inteji- cebite ppo me • Tiecon • leleloth • patjion • abiiipo uoS. 6pt jobcunb jebeb • Jn nomine bommi fit benebic- Runes. tiim • b^j^onice • bepomcen • et babet In uefnmento et In pemope fuo • fcjuptum pex pejmii et bominnj- bomi- Kev. xix. jiantjum*' 6pr jobcunb jebeb. Jn nomine fit bene- (lictnm . M M IVl R IV1 ]> • N cj . ], T X X M R F p N -j • ]J T X .'-^ e"- pceal mon ipijcnbe pi"]* j'jutan -j bon paf pojib fpijenbe on pa pmfrjian bjieoft -j ne ja be m on ']; jepjut ne m on beji • -j eac fpijenbe pif on bon • HAMMANy"EL • BPONice- NOy" e pTAy^EPT. ' This use of the singular is mere '. {xjMRMl' • Ni 'hTX, and unckr- carelessness. i stand the T as an J. -Head >ium har- smear it on the head and the breast. A drink ; put into holy water, vipers bugloss, alexanders, rue, lupins, hedgerife, bishopwort, maythe, cropleek, harmala, the wenwort which hath knees.^^ If a mare ^ or hag ride '' •^"''''"" a man, take Ivipins, and garlic, and betony, and frank- incense, bind them on a fawns skin, let a man have the worts on him, and let him go in to Ms home. Ixv. 1. Again, a drink against lent addle or iijplivs ; feverfue, the herb rams gall,^ fennel, waybroad ; let a man sing many masses over the worts, souse them with ale, add holy water, boil very thoroughly, let tlte man drink a great cup full, as hot as he may, before the disorder will be on him ; say the names of the four gospellers, and a charm, and a prayer, etc.^ Again, a divine prayer, etc., deeee]?- hand- |?IX' DEI^e]). HAND • ]?IN • thine hand vexeth, thine hand vexeth. Again, a man shall in silence write this, and silently pvit these words on the left breast, and let him not go in doors with that writing, nor bear it in doors. And also in silence put tliis on, Emmanuel, veronioa."* ' As in niglit mare. ^ Menyanthes trifoliata. ^ Leliloth is an Arabic- idol. (Freytag.) Cf. Alilat Herod, iii. ' The imaore on the kercliief. 142 L^CE EOC. fol 53 h. .LXVI. yi]) unjemynbe "j jnS by)-;5un;5e bo on ealo bij'ceop pyjit . elehtjian • berouican ]?a fuj'ejman jrmujlan • nefcan limbhioloSan • jyj^pijran • mepce • bpmce j^onne. Pi]? unjemynbe 'j bifjunje bo on eala capfiam • 'j eleh- tpan • bifceoppyjit • alexanbjiian • Jij^pipe • pelbmopan •j lialij pretep bpmce ponne. . LXVII. V iS jenumenum mete • jentm elelitpan le^e unbeji peofob fmj nijon mseppan opeji ■^ pceal pij> jenume- num mete leje unbep f yset • J7e j^u pille on melcan.' ^tp ealo apejib fie • jenim ];a elehtjian leje on ]fa, peopep pceattap ]7?ep sepnef -j opep ]?a bupu "j unbep ])one ]?epxpolb "j unbep f ealopset bo mib halij psetjie \>a, pypt on f eala ; jtp mete fy apypb "j anjehpsebe mylcen oSSe pilb o]?]7e bpyjpen • halja ];a pyj'te bo on -j unbep f pset • •j unbeji |?a bupu • bo elehtpan -j clipan • -j betonican •j bifceoppypt. fol. r>4 a. . LXVIII. yi]) |;on jip hunta jebite mannan f ij- fpij^pa pleali J)py pceajipan neali pjiompeapbef lait yjman f blob on 3peimne Iticcan h^ejienne peopp ponne opep pej aj^eg ]?onne ne hip nan ypel. Gpt apleali ane pceappan ou' n ]?am bolje jecnua Ijecepypt leje on ne bij? Mm nan ypel. pi]? jonjelpseppan liite • mm ?epep]?an nio]?o- ' The Saxons used milk and pre- parations of anilk for the food of the churls family. Hence the churls cow is called his Meat cow, DD, 187, 188, LEECH BOOK. L 143 Ixvi Book I. Ch. Ixvi. Against mental vacancy and against folly; put into ale bishopwort, lupins, betony, the southern or Italian fennel, nepte, water agrimony, cockle, marclie, then let the man drink. For idiotcy and folly, put into ale, cassia, and lupins, bishopwort, alexanders, githrife, field- more, and holy water ; then let him drink. Ixvii. 1. For the better digestion of meat taken ; take lu- pins, lay them under the altar, sing over them nine masses, that shall avail for meat taken; lay it under the vessel into which thou hast in mind to milk. If ale be spoilt, then take lupins, lay them on the four quarters of the dwelling, and over the door, and under the threshhold, and under the ale vat, put the wort into the ale with holy water. 2. If meat be spoilt,^ and a good quantity of milken food, or a milking,^ or brewing, hallow the worts,^ put ' ^'^^ m- ^"' them into and under the vat, and under the door ; use lupins, and clifwort, and betony, and bishopwort. Ixviii. In case that a hunting spider^ bite a man, that is the stronger spider, strike three scarifications near, in a direction from the bite, let the blood run into a green spoon of hazel wood, then throw it over the road away; then no harm will come of it. Again, strike a scarification on the wound; pound leechwort; lay it on, no harm will happen to the man. Against bite of a weaving spider,* take the netherward part of seferthe, ' Cf. Luke xiv. 34. Marshall. j appropriate for the Aranea taran- - By one of the henisons in the tula, the habits of which our ecclesiastical Manuale. : author had, doubtless, learnt. ^ Salticus scenicus is now de- ' Aranea viatica, scribed by this name ; but it is very | 144 L^CE P.OC. pefijibe "j ]'lah]?0]in • paje ahjiii; to hufre ;5e]>ren mib Imnije lacna ]3 bolh mih. pi]? liuntan bite blace fnejlaj' on hatt]\e pannan jeliypfce' ^ to bufte jepiibene • -j pipop • -j betomcan ete p buft -j bjimce ^ on lecje. PiS Inintan bite Nim ni];epea]ibne^ cottuc leje on ]) bolli. Gpt ayleali • V. yceajipan ane on J»am bite "j }:eopeji janbutan peopp mib fticcan fpijenbe ojreji psenpej. .LXVIIIT, yi]) pebe liiinbej- plite ajjiimonian -j pejbjireban ;i;e- menje mib hunije -j aejep ■]> hpite lacna pa pnnbe mib ]/y. pi]> hunbep bolje poxep elate • jjiunbefj^elje pyl on batepan fmijie mib. 6pt betomcan jetpipula leje on |:ione bite. 6pt pejbp^eban jebeat leje on. 6pt fol. .54 h. x:\'>a cipan obSe j^peo feoj? 3eb]ia?b on ahfan men;^ pi'S jiyple "j luinije leje on. Gpt jebtepne fpmef ceacan to ahfan yceab on. 6pt jemin pejbpseban mojian jecnua'"' pi]^ py]"le bo on ]> bolh J^onne afcjiyp'S hio \> atep apej. .LXX. Zip mon fie to pjirone pyl hmbheolojmn on pilifctlm ealaS bjunee on neaht neptij. Gtp mon fie to nn- pppene ]'yl on meolce pa ilcan py]^t ponne apptenpt pu. Pyl on eope meolce ept hmbhiolopan alexanbjiian po]i- netep polm hatte pyjit ponne bip hit fpa Inm leopofc brS. For j;ehy))jTc'he. ' nijjepeapbe corrected to the masculine, MS. ' secna, MS. LKKCIl Book. I. 145 and lichen from Llie l)lackt1i()vn, dry it to dust, moisten Book I. with lioney, tend the Avound therewith. Against hite ^ ''• '^''^'"" of Inuititig spider, bUiek snails fried in a hot pan and rubbed to dust, and pepper, and betony, let the man eat the dust, and drink it, and lay it on. For l)ite of hunting spider, take the netherward part of mallow, lay it on the wound. Again, strike five scarifications, one on the bite, and four lound about it, throw the blood with a spoon silently over a wagon way. Ixix. For bite of mad dog; mingle with honey agrimony and way broad, and the white of an agg, dress the wound with that. For wound by a hound ; foxes dote,-'' groundsel, boil these in butter, smear ihnve.w'iiU.'' Burdock. Again, triturate betony, lay it on the bite. Again, beat wayl)road, lay it on. Again, seethe two or tliroe onions, roast them on ashes, mingle with fat and honey, lay on. Again, burn a s wines cheek or jaw to ashes, shed this on. Again, take more or root of way- broad, pound it, put it on the wound witli lard, then it will scrape the venom away. Ixx. If a man be too salacious, boil waiter agrimony in foreign, ale, let him drink thereof at night fasting. If a man be too slow ad venerem, boil that ilk wort in milk, then thou givest him corage. Boil in ewes milk, again, hindheal, alexanders, the wort which bight Fornets^ pahn,''^ then it will be with him as he would ' Uukuown. liefest have it be. ' For Fornet or I''ornjot, see llie index of name.'?. VOL. II. 144 L^CK EOC. peajihe ^ ylali]:'0]ni • ji.aje a^jiii; to bufre jej^ren mib Imnije laciia ]3 bolh inih. ])i]} liuntan bite blace fiiejlaj' on hatt]\e pannan jeliyjifce' 'j to biifte jejnibene • -j pipoji • -j betonican ete p bnft -j bjiince *j on lecje. Pi'S Inmtan bite Nim ni];epeapbne^ cottuc leje on \) bolli. 6j:t ayleah • V. j'ceajipan ane on ];am bite •j ):eopeji ymbutan peopp raib fticcan fpijenbe ofeji ppenpej. .LXVIIII, y\]) pebe Ininbej- plite ajpimonian -j pejbjifeban -^e- menje mib hunije -j tejey ]> hpite lacna ]>a pnnbe mib ]'.y- P^l^ hnnbep bolje poxep elate • jjiunbefpelje pyl on butepan fmipe mib. Gpt betonican jetpipula leje on J^one bite. 6pt pejbpfeban jebeat leje on. 6pt fnl. 54 b. "cpa cipan oSSe j^peo feo]» jebjia^^b on ahfan menj pi'5 pyple -j hunije le;5e on. Gpt jebrejme fpinef ceacan to ahfan yceab on. 6pt jemm pejbjifeban mopan ^ecnua"'^ pi]> Jiyj'le bo on f bolh jjonne afcpypb hio ]3 atep apej. .LXX. Xi)- mon fie to p]ia^ne pyl hinbheolo];an on pilifcuni ealaS bjunce on neaht nepti;^. Glp mon fie to nn- pprene j'yl on meolce pa ilcan pypt };onne appanpt ]?u. Pyl on eope meolce ept hinbhioloJ>an alexanbpian poji- netep pobn hatte pyjit ];unne \n\> hit fpa htm leopoft brS. For t;ehyji)Tc-be. ' ni})epeapbe corrected to tlie masculine, MS. jecna, MS. LEECH Book. I. 1 4o and lichen from the blackthorn, dry it to dust, moisten Book I. with honey, tend tlie wound therewith. Against }»ite xlvui. of hunting s}jider, black snails fried in a hot pan and rubbed to dust, and pepper, and betony, let the man eat the dust, and drink it, and lay it on. For bite of hunting spider, take the netherward part of mallow, la}' it on the wound. Again, strike five scarifications, one on the bite, and four round about it, throw the blood with a spoon silently over a wagon way. Ixix. For bite of mad dog; mingle with honey agrimony and waybroad, and the white of an egg, dress tho wound witli that. For wound by a hound ; foxes clote,^ groundsel, boil these in butter, smear tlierewith. "^'c'^'wA. Again, triturate betony, lay it on the bite. Again, beat waybroad, lay it on. Again, seethe two or three onions, roast them on ashes, mingle with fat and honey, lay on. Again, burn a swines cheek or jaw to ashes, shed this on. Again, take more or root of way- broad, pound it, put it on the wound with lard, then it will scrape the venom away. Ixx. If a man be too salacious, boil waiter agrimony iu foreign ale, let himi drink thereof at night fasting. If a man be too slow ad venerem, boil that ilk wort iu milk, then tliou givest him corage. Boil in ewes milk, again, hindheal, alexanders, the wort vjJtich hight Fornets' palm,* then it will be with him as he would ^ l^ul^uown. liefest have it be. ' For Foinet or Fonijot, see the iudex of names. VOL. II. K 146 LiECE BOC. .LXXI. Vi]? pseje peofan jiuban fpa jpene feoJ» on ele 'j on peaxe fmipe mib Jjone psejepeofan. 6f r mm jate hsep fmec unbeji );a bpec pi J? ]?8ep J^seje peofan. jtp hoh fmo popab fie . mm popnetef folm feo^ on paetpe be|7e mib f lim -j J^peali mib ^ lim 'j pypce yestlye op butepan fmipe tieptep ba]?e. . LXXII. On hpilce tib blob fie to popjanne on lipilce to fol. 55 a. Isetenne. bloblsep ip to popjanne ptptyne nihtum sep hlapmsejje -j septep pip -j J^pitij nihtum pop ]?on ]?omie ealle setepno J^mj pleoja}; "j mannum fpi'Se bepia^ • laecap Isepbon ]>a |?e pipofte psepon f nan man on ]?am monj^e ne bpenc ne bpunce ne ahpsep hif lichoman panije butan htp nybj>eapp psepe • -j j^onne on mibbelbajtim mne jepunobe poji |^on |?e fio lypt bi]> J^onne fpijioft je- menjeb. Romane him pop]?on 'j ealle fuS pole pophton eop]^ huf pop psepe lypte pylme *j setepneppe. 6ac pecjea^ Isecap 'pte jeblopene j'ypta |7onne fien betfte to pyjicenne je to bpencum je to pealpum je to bufte. JOu mon fcule bloblaefe on ];apa fix pipa selctim on monSe popjan -j hponne hit^ betft fie • Ipecap IsepaS eac ]J nan man on }?on ptp nihta ealbne monan "j ept X. nihca -j piptyne 'j tpentijef 'j yiy *j tpentijef -j ' The idea is blob j-oplsecan, for bloblaese is feminine. LEECH BOOK. I. 147 , . Book i. IXXl. Ch. Ixxi. For the dorsal muscle, seethe in oil and in wax, rue so green, smear the dorsal muscle therewith. Again, take goats hair, make it smoke under the breech up against the dorsal muscle. If a heel sinew be broken, take Fornets palm, seethe it in water, foment the limb therewith, and wash the limb therewith ; and work a salve of butter, smear after the fomentation. Ixxii. On what season bloodletting is to be foregone, on what to be practised. Bloodletting is to be foregone fifteen nights ere Lammas,^ and after it for five and thirty nights, since then aU venomous things fly and much injure men.^ Leeches who were wisest, have taught, that in that month no man should either di^ink a potion drink, nor anywhere weaken his body, except there were a necessity for it ; and that in that case, he during the middle of the day should remain with- in, since the lyft or air is then most mingled and impure. The Romans for this reason, and all south folk, wrought to themselves earth houses, for the boil- ing heat and venomousness of the lyffc.^ Also leeches say that blossomed worts are then best to work, either for drinks, or for salves, or for dust. Here is set forth how a man shall forego bloodletting on each of the six fives in the month, and when it is best. Leeches teach that no man on the five nights old moon, and again on the ten nights old, and fifteen nights old, and twenty, and five and twenty, and on the thirty ' August 1. - This refers to Italy and to its plumbeus auster, Autumnusque gravis, Libitinse qusestus acerbse. ^ The Italian sirocco, per autum- nos nocentem corporibus. K 2 14S L^CE EOC. Jjpitnjef nilira ealbne monan ne lisre blob ac betpeox ])a]ia ]'ex ppa selcum • -j nif nan Ijloblaeytib fpa 50b fpa on ]:ojiej>eapbne lencten J^onne jni yjrelan pEetan )1. :>') 1). beoj^ jejabejiobe |)e on pmrjia jebjiuncene beoS -j on kalenbaf apjiilif ealpa j-elefc ];onne tjieop -j pyj^ta a?pefc tip ffijiyttacS ];onne peaxeS fio ypele jiUefcpe -j v^ p ypele blob on J^am holcnm j^sep lichoman. r'iy mon- ne]- l)lob bolli ypelije jentm ]7onne jeojiraeu leap apylle on ptetjie 'j be]7C inib • "j jccniia nioj^opeajibe leje on. Tip |hi pille on fnibe blob pojih^tan • ntni cerelef hpum ;^e;5mb ro bufce pceab on ]^a punbe. Temin jnjen healm ept 'j bejien jebsejm to bufue • jip |m ne mtpje blob bolli appij^an 5en1"in hojipep tojib nipe abjure on funnan o'S^e be pypie je^nib to bnfre fpi];e pel leje }5 buft Ipij'e ]?icce on Imenne claS ])]n}> niib ]?y p blobbolh neahtepne. Jip ]n\ jeotenb tebpe nc niajje apjiipan jennn p ]'elpe blob Jie opypji'^i ;5eba3]in on Latum ftane •j jejnib to bufte leje on pa sebpe p buft "j ' appi''6 fpiSe. Ttp mon ?et bloblpetan on fmpe beplea menj topomne j'eax -j ptc -j fceapen fmepa lege on cla8 ^j on p bolh. . .LXXIII. V Qip men cnje hpilc hm ^^enim jnjen niela bo on ]> hm -j nane psetan • jip pu psetan bel'u to oppe fraejia A. oG a. pealpe ne mealit pu hit jelacnian -j ]'e man j'ceal fpipe I'tille beon py j-u pcealt hme lialue ;^ebon. .LXXIIII. V jhy peajrcuiu ^j pcajijiuui^ Gn lime • i^entni iinjjieuan •j hunijef peap menj tojsebejie bo on pa ])eaptan -j ' So in Latiu Verruccc arc disiinguisiiod from Vari. LEECH BOOK. I. 149 nights old moon .sliouKl let blood, but betwixt eacli nl" ijook I. the six fives: and there is no time for bloodletting so ^'^- ^■"^^"" good as in early lent, when the evil luimom-s arc gathered which be drunken in during winter, and on the kalends of April best of all, when trees and worts first up sprout, when the evil ratten waxeth, and the evil blood, in the liulks or holloiv /ntme- vjorks of tlie body. If a lancet wound grow corrupt in a man, then take mallow leaves, boil them in water, and bathe therewith, and pound the netherward part of the wort ; lay on. If thou wilt stop blood running in an incision, take kettle soot, rub it to dust, shed it on tlie wound. Again, take rj'e and barley halm, burn it to dust; if thou may not stanch a lAooMeiting wound, take a new horses toi'd, dry it in tlie sun, or by the fire, rub it to dust thoroughly well, lay the dust very thick on a linen cloth, tie up for a night the blood- letting wound with that. If thou may not stanch a gushing vein, take that same blood which runneth out, dry it on a hot stone and rub it to dust, lay the dust on the vein, and tie up strong. If in bloodletting a man cut upon a sinew, mingle together wax, and ])itch, and sheeps grease, lay on a cloth, and on the cut. Ixxiii. If for a man any limb of his become chinked or chopped, take rye meal, apply it to the limb and no wet ; if thou puttest wet to it, or a grease salve, thou mayest not cure it, and the man sliall be very still, in that way thou shalt make him h.ole. Ixxiv. Against warts and callosities on a limb ; take sin- green, and juice of honey, mingle together, apply to the 150 LMCE BOC. peajijiaf. 6j:t cealjrej" fceapn 'j ahfan jemenj piS eceb •j leje on. Gy- yipiey jimbe jebsepn to ahfan bo eceb to tpipula fpiSe "j leje on. .LXXV, y\]} fcujipebum nsejle • mm jecypnabne friccan pete on ]>one nsesl piS ]?a peapta pleah ]7onne f ^ blob I'ppmje tit • pypc Jjonne ]?ymel to -j lege ealb fpic on upan ]?one nsejl healb ppitij nihta pi]? psetan • Nim ]^onne hpseten copn 'j hunij menj toSomne leje on bo ]> to o]? f hal pie. .LXXVI. yip 5ic]?an boccau -j pypm melu "j pealt' ealpa empela menj piS fupe pletan -j fmipe mib J?y. ])!]> jicj^an mm fcipteapo 'j ipijteapo ~j ele jnib tojeebepe bo Jipibban bsel fealtep^ fmipe mib ]?y. ^ol- 56 b. .LXXVII. Zip ]7U pille ^ ypel fpile paSe utbepfte mm peax -j hemlic hatte pypt jebeat jepypmeb toSomne pypc to pealpe bmb on ])a fropa. • LXXVIII. vTip men unlui't fie jetenje • nime betomcan f pille }?py penejap jepejan bptnc on fpettim psetepe. [LXXVIIII.] Xiy mon ppam lonjum peje jeteopob fie bpmce be- ' Sebon in the margin of MS., by later hand ; gebo on was meant. - After fealce)- add on. LEECH BOOK. I. 151 Avarts and the callosities. Again, mingle with vinegar ^^^qJ^ j calfs sharn and ashes, and lay on. Again, burn to Ch. ixxiv ashes withys rind, add vinegar, triturate thoroughly, and lay on. Ixxv. For a scurfy nail ; ^ take a granulated bit of vv^ood, set it on the nail against the warts, then strike, so that the blood may spring out, then work a thumbstall for it, and lay old lard above upon the nail, hold it for thirty nights against wet, then take wheaten corn and honey, mingle these together, lay on, apply that till all be well. Ixxvi. For itch, take dock and worms reduced to meal, and salt, of all equally much, mingle with sour cream, and smear with that. Against itch, take ship tar, and ivy tar, and oil, rub together, add a third part of salt, smear with that. Ixxvii. If thou shouldst desire that an evil swelling should rathely burst, take wax and a wort hight hemlock, beat them together when warmed, work to a salve, bind on the places. Ixxviii. If to a man loss of appetite happen, let him take betony, so much as will weigh three silver pennies, and drink it in sweetened water. [Ixxix.] If a man is tired by a long journey, let him drink ' Thus, " Ungumm scabritiem " ; Plin. xxx. 37. 152 L^CE BOC. tonican on }''am liiSpenaii oxiimelle • jp' eceb bpenc ])e pe te]\ bepojum pjiiton pi]? J^repe liealp beaban able. .LXXX. yip jwn }>e mon hme popbjiince. bjimce beronican on pcGCjie teji oj?epue bjiincan. €pr pyl betonican -j eo]l^ jeallan on hlurcpum eala'5 oj^j^e on fpilcjie pae~an I'pa he bjiincan I'cyle bpmce fimle neji mete. GjTu 5en1"ni Ipmep lunjenne jebjiaeb -j on neaht nej-tij ^enun pip Ihseba fnnle. . LXXXI. yip miclan celc mm netelan peo]? on ele I'mijie -j ;i;nib ealne ]7]nne lichoman mib fe cyle jepit apej. . LXXXII. Qip men I'le micel psgce jetenje popij jejnib on ele imipe Jnnne ■ji^litan niib -j J^one lichoman ealne pun- boplice pa]7e him bi]> fio pjiacce jeinetjob. .LXXXIII. 1 o monnep I'cemne mm cejipillan -j pnbucejipillaii bifceoppyjit ontjpan • jjiunbefpeljean I'ypc to bpence on hlntrptim ealaS • xim j^peo fneeba butepan jemenje ],>i(S hj'seten mela -j jepylte jjije mib j-y bpence bo f'pa mjon moji^enaf ma jip hip j^eapp fie. ' i^jienc is piasculine, j^ may have I most likely ; or even as early as been written since ecei>, neuter, this, i> may begin lo stand for any comes as the next word, and so seems I gender. LKECll HOOK. ]. 153 betony in the southern drink, oxyniel ; tlie acid driidc Book l. of whicli we before wrote in treating of the half dead ^ ' '^''''^' disease.^ Ixxx, In case a man should overdrink himself; let him drink betony in water before his other drink. Again, boil betony and earthgall in clear ale, or in such drink as he, tlte drunkard, may have to drink, let him drink this always before meat. Again, take a swines lung/"^ roast it, and at night fasting take five =■ riia.xxx..^i. slices always. Ixxxi. Against mickle cold ; take nettles,'' seethe them in •> See Catullus, oil, smear and rub all thine body therewith : the cold ^ will depart away. Ixxxii. If to a man there betide much wakefulness, rub down a poppy in oil, smear thy foi'ehead therewith, and all thy body, wonderfully soon the wakefulness will be moderated for him.- Ixxxiii. For a mans voice ; take chervil, and wood chervil, bishopwort, " ontre," groundsel, work these to a drink in clear ale. Take three slices of butter, mingle with wheaten meal, and salt it, swallow this with the above drink ; do so for nine mornings, more if tliere be need of it. ' No such disease had been men- tioned in this book ; it is found, II. lix, with the receipt for oxymel. - The change of pronouns is an error of the text. 154 L^CE BOC. . LXXXIIII. Zip mon \>un^ ete aj^eje butepan "j bjuiicc • i'e Jmnj jepit on )?a butejian. Gfx: pi]? Ipon franbe on heapbe aplea him mon pela fceappena on |7am pcancan Jjonne jepit iir '^ attep j^upli }?a pceappan. .LXXXV. iTip mon punbije pi]? hif peonb to jepeohtanne frsej? fpealpan bpibbaf jefeoj^e on pine ete }?onne sep • o]>]>e pylle psetpe feoSe. . LXXXVI. yi]> miclum jonje opep lanb })y Isep he teopije mucjpypt nime him on hanb o}7]?e ho on hip pco }?y Isep he mejnje "j ]7onne he niman pille sep j-unnan upjanje cpe]7e ]?af pojib sepefc. Tellam^ te aptemepia ne lapfup fum ^ In uia • jefena hie ]?onne J7U up teo :• . LXXXVII. Zip mannep peax pealle pypc him pealpe mm ]7one miclan J^unj -j hajian fppecel -j eapypte nio]?opea]ibe • ■j pepbpyjit . pypc op ]?8epe pypte -j op ]7ifum eallum })a pealpe -j op ]78epe butepan J^e nan psetep on ne come. Jip peax pealle apylle eopoppeapn -j be]?e f heapoh mib ])y I'pa peapme. pi]? ]?on jip man calu fie • pliniup fe micla Isece fej]? ]?ipne Isecebom • jentm beabe beon jebsepne to ahfan -j linfasb eac bo ele to on f feo}?e fpij?e lanje opep jlebtim afeoh }?onne -j appmje 'j nime peliep leap jecnupije jeote on ]?one ele • pylle ept hpile on jlebtim afeoh J?onne fmipe mib geptep ba]?e. ' Bead ToUam. I -' Read fim. LEECn BOOK. J. 155 l^^V- Book I. If a man eat wolfs bane, let him eat and drink but- ^^' ^^^^^"''' ter, the poison will go off in the butter. Again for that, let him stand upon his heid, let some one strike him many scarifications on the shanks, then the venom departs out through the incisions. Ixxxv. If a man try to fight with his foe, let him seethe staith swallow nesthngs ' in wine, then let him eat them ere the fight, or seethe them in spring water. Ixxxvi. For mickle travelling over land, lest he tire, let him take mugwort''^ to him in hand, or put it into his shoe, Vol. I. xi. i. lest he should weary, and when he will pluck it, be- fore the upgoing of the sun, let him say fu-st these words, " I will take thee, artemisia, lest I be weary on the way," etc. Sign it with the sign of the cross, when thou puUest it up. Ixxxvii. 1. If a mans hair fall off, work him a salve, take the mickle wolfs bane, and vipers bugloss, and the netherward part of burdock, and ferdwort, work the salve out of that wort, and out of all these, and out of that butter on which no water hath come. If hair fall off, boil the polypody fern, and foment the head Avith that, so warm. In case that a man be bald, Plinius, the mickle leech, saitli this leechdom : take dead bees, bm-n them to ashes, and linseed also, add oil iipon that, seethe very long over gledes, then strain, wring out, and take leaves of willow, pound them, pour the juice into the oil, boil again for a while on gledes, strain them, smear therewith after the bath. ' Sand martins, hirundines riparia>. i5G L.ECE BOC. JOeayob 1)03]? pits ]70n • pelijej- lea]: pylle on psecejie Jjpeah mib ])f tep ]7ii hit I'mejiupe -j ])a leap cnua I'pa jefoben pjuj? on niht; on o]) f hio fie ' bjuje ^ ]m mseje I'meppan septep mib ]7?epe fealpe bo Ipa .xxx. nilita lenj jip hip ]?eapp lie. ^i]? ]?on J^e- hpep ne peaxe fo!. 58 a. lemetoan rejpu jenini jnib fmit on ]\a frope ne cymS ]?a3p niBppe senij peax tip ; Tip hseji to j^icce lie jentm Ipealpan jebsejm unbeji cijelan co ahfan "j \?et: fceaban ]?a ahpan on. .LXXXVIII. Pi]) hojipep hpeople • mm ]?a^ liapanpyjit cnua pel jemenj ]?onne pi8 pepfcjie butepan j^yl fpi8e on but- ]ian bo on •]> hoji]' fpa hit: hatofc masje fmipe selce bseje bo fimle };a pealpe on • jip fio hjieopol fie micel jentm hlonb jehast inib fcanum ]?peah mib ]?y hlonbe fpa hatum -]5 hopf* ]?onne hit: bjnje fie fmipe mib ])iepe pealpe lacua nine, Gpt; jemm pynian fealtr- l^eliset ])peah mib ];y • 'j Sonne bpije fie fmipe mib pipcep fmejipe. Jip hopf jeallebe fie • mm fej^elpep&nj jiypt: -j jotjjojmn • 'j majej^an jecnua j^el bo butejian to pjnnj pagrenbe ]mph claS bo hpit fealt on hpeji fjn])e lacna j'one jeallan mib. ]>iy hopj'ep jeallan ntm a?pc]7potan ^j jotpoj^an npepeapbe -j bojen eac fpa cnua tofomne yyl on pyple "j on butepan afeoh ]7uph claS fmipe mib, :• Tip hojip fie 6j:feoten o]>])e o].ep neat mm omppan fol. 5Sb. 3'ieb "j fcittifc peax jej-mje mon .xii. mpeppan opep -j bo halij ptetep on ]3 hopp o'SSe on fpa hpilc neat fpa hit fie hapa Se J^a pyjite fimle mib. Pih pon ilcan mm tobjiecenjie nseble eaje fcinje hinban on ];one byjilan ne l)i]) nan teona. :• ' For fien. - Read p4' hon ]/. ^ After ha a -word appears want- in?. * Read jiynian fealrej", as before, xxxii. 2. ? LKEflf HOOK. I. ]')7 2. A head bath for that ; boil willow leaves in water, Book T. wash with that, ere thou sinear it, and pound tlie ^'''- l^xxvn. leaves so sodden, bind on at night, till they be dry, that thou may after smear with the salve ; do so for thirty nights, longer if need for it be. In order that the hair may not wax ; take emmets eggs, rub them up, smudge on the place ; never will any hair come up there. 3. If hair be too thick, take a swallow, burn it to ashes under a tile, and have the ashes shed on. Ixxxviii. 1. For a horses leprosy,^ take the hare- wort, pound it well, then mingle with fresh butter, boil thoroughly in butter, put it on the horse as hot as possible, smear every day, always apply the salve. If the leprosy be mickle, take piss, heat it with stones, wash the horse with the piss so hot ; when it is dr}'', smear with the salve, apply also leechdoms inwardl3^ Again, take runnings of salt, heat them, wash with that, and when it is dry, smear with fishes grease. If a horse be galled, take stichwort, and goutweed, and maythe, pound well, add butter, wring it wetting it through a cloth, add white salt, shake thoroughly, leech the gall therewith. For a horses gall, take ash- throat, and the upward part of goutweed, and rosemary also, pound together, boil in fat and in butter, strain through a cloth, smear therewith. 2. If a horse or other neat be elf shot,^ take sorrel seed and Scottish wax, let a man sing twelve masses over it, and put holy water on the horse, or on what- soever neat it be, have the worts always with thee. o. For the same ; take an eye of a broken needle, give the horse a prick luith it behind in the barrel, no harm shall come. ' Grease in the legs ? - The Scottish phrase for this disease ; see the Glossary. 158 LMCE EOC. Book 11. .1. J9as laecebomap belimpaS to eallurn inuo]pa met- cjiymnejjum. :• .II. Lsecebomaf pi]? majan yajie ealjia • x. -j jip fe maja a]?eneb fie -j hptet he j^icjean pcyle on jjsejie able. :• .III. Laeceboma]' be jefpelle *j j-ajie ]>2d\ majan hu him mon fcyle blob Isetan. :• .illi. Lsecebomap pi]? heajibum fpyle ]>8e]- majan "j fmepenej'pa -j hpfet he Jncjean j'cyle. :• .V. Lseeebomap pi]? majan a]?unbenepj'e -j hpset he on Jjsejie able J'lcje. :■ .VI. Lfficebomal" pi)? unlulre -j plsetan ]?e op majan cymS -j hpset he ]?iC5ean fcyle • nil. cpsepraf :• .VII. Lgecebomaf pi^S abeabobum majan 'j jip he pop- Ibjen fie -j tracn abeabobej' majan hu ]? ne jemylt ]? he Jjije]? • VI. IsBcebomap. :■ fol. 59 a. .VIII. Lsecebomap pi]? j'ape 'j unlufce ]?aBp majan pe }?e ne msej ne mib mece ne mib bpmcan beon jelacnob •j bitepe hjisecetunje J?popa5 • nil. cpseptap. .villi. Lsecebomaf pi]? mpimbe majan. :• .X. Lsecebom piS plsettan 'j to hsetenne untpumne majan ; .XI. Lsecebom pi]> a]?unbene]'pe majan pmbijjie -j ejjunje. :• .XTI. Lfecebom pi]? fpip]?an -j pi]? ]?on Se hiin mete unbeji jepunian nelle. :• .XIII. Lsecebom pi]? majan fppmje. :• .Xllli. Lsecebom pi"S ealliim majan untjmmneppum. :• .XV. Lsecebom pi]? ]?8e]- majan fpjiinje ]?onne ]?ujih luu)? bitejie h]i?ecS o]?}?('^ bealcet o]?]?e Mm on }?am LEECH BOOK. U. 159 Book II. Book n. i. These leechdoms belong to all disorders of the Contents. inwards. ii. Leechdoms for sore of the maw, in all ten, and if the maw be distended, and what the patient shall eat in that disorder. iii. Leechdoms for swelling and sore of the maw, how one must let him, the patient, blood. iv. Leechdoms for hard swelling of the maw, and smearings, or unguent'^, and what the patients diet shall be. V. Leechdoms for puffing up of the maw, and what the 'patient shall partake of in this disorder. vi. Leechdoms for want of appetite and for nausea, which Cometh of the maw, and what the patient shall eat ; four crafts, or skilful recipes. vii. Leechdoms for deadened maw, and if it have bad lymph, and tokens of deadened maw, how that digests not, which it eateth ; six leechdoms. viii. Leechdoms for sore and want of appetite of the maw, which may be cured neither with meat nor drink, and suffereth bitter risings in the throat ; four receipts. ix. Leechdoms for an inward wound of the maw X. A leechdom for nausea, and to heat an infirm maw. xi, A leechdom for windy inflation of the maw, and for puffing up. xii. A leechdom for spewing, and in case that a 'mans meat will not keep down. xiii. A leechdom for flux of the maw. xiv. A leechdom for all infirmities of the maw. XV. A leechdom for imtation of the maw when there is a bitter heart burn in the mouth, or there is belching. IGO LMCE BOC. majan ye mete abit-e]iai5 -j ]'yje])^ ^ Im fio ablafmnj; |?a?j' inajaii cyin5 oj: ])am blacuin ODiuin. .XVI. La^ceboma]' -j taen Jnej- batan omihtan majan unjemer psej'ta "j ]?sey unjefceabbce cealban majan taen hu ]'e hata omihta ma^a unjemet ]?ujilt -j fpol l^jiopaS 'j nea)ionej'j'e *j jefpojunja "j jemobep tpeonunje unluf- je pla3tta • -j bii iSone cealban majan unjebc- bce metta]' lyfte • Ifecebomaf to bosm micle -j e]?ele • fbl. 59 ]>. ^ ]jQ lattjie meltunje fumpia metta. .XVII. L;ececpa?}:ta]" be bppe mipSenbce jecynbo -j .•ibliim -j liu bio on ])Si fpiSpan iiban apeneb bi|> o]> ^ ]7one nufeo]?an • -j bu bio bi]> ptplieppebu • -j bii bio ip blobep timl)ep 'j bup -j jjte pex ];m;i; pypceap lipeji- pcBjice "j lacnunj J^ajia ealjia "j fpeotol tacn ]?a]ia ealjia ;^e be micjean ^e be unlufce • je be bip Inpe • -j (/j^jiiim manejum tacnnm. .XVIII. LfBcap laepaS ]?ipne kecebom pip* bpjie fpyk' ^j ajninbeneppe. :• .XVIIII. Lssceap fecjea]; ]?ap tacn be afpollenjie ^ jepunbabpe bppe • 'j Ifecebomaf pr5 ]?on • 'j be ]ja3jie bpjie beajibunge. .XX. Lsecap lfepa'5 jnj- pi]? )>Depe bppe punbe ]?onne pe fpyle je pypmp tobyjift. .XXI. LfBcebomap "j tacn abeapbobjie bppe • ^ ablaj'- enju' on manijpealbe pifan je on ]>am Ineppum je on pam upejuim je on ]?am pibneniira je on ])am liolcum ])m\\e bpjie. .XXII. Lfecebomaj' yij) jTOjie jepelan" lieajibneppe ];repe fol. coa. lipjie 'j ]-ealpa -j j^yptbjiencaf o]?]?e jip bio tobyjifu -j nipeji J,e]nz oS'Se upaftihtS o];]'e to Lanjfiim ]>y]iS I'lo iinjefele abeajibnn^ ];a^pe bpjie ; ' The text has j-use'S. j llie full text we cannot alter to - As the same reading occurs in | unj;e|elfln. LEFX'Tr ]]ooK. rr. 161 or if the meat turns bitter in the maw and lie hie- Uook II. kets, and liow the upblowing of the maw Cometh of Contents. black bile. xvi. Leechdoms and tokens of the hot inflamed maw, immeasurably fast, and not to he moved, and of the unreasonably cold maw ; tokens how the hot inflamed maw suffers infinite thirst, and swealing heat, and op- pression, and swoonings, and vacillation of the mind, loss of appetite or nausea ; and how variety of meats pleases the cold maw ; leechdoms for both, mickle and noble ; and of the late digestion of some meats. xvii. Leech crafts of the various nature and disorders of the liver, and how it is extended on the right side as far as the pit of the belly, and how it is five lobed, and how it is the material and home of blood ; and that six things work acute pain in the liver, and the cure of all these, and a plain token of them all, either by the urine, or by loss of appetite, or by tJie mans complexion, and l^y many other tokens. xviii. Leeches teach this leechdom for swelling and puffing up of the liver. xix. Leeches speak of these tokens of a swollen and wounded liver; and leechdoms for that; and of harden- ing of the liver. XX. Leeches teach this for wound of the liver, when the swelling or matter bursteth forth. xxi. Leechdoms and tokens of a hardened and })uffed up liver in manifold wise, either in the lobes, or in the margins, or in the membranes, or in the hollows, of the liver. xxii. Leechdoms for the sense of hardness of the liver, and salves, and wort drinks, or if it burst and descend downwards or mounteth up upwards,^ or if the insensibility and hardness of the liver become too prolonged. ' All the viscera were supposed to get out of place. VOL. 11. L 102 L^CE BOC. .XXIII. Lsecebomaf hyvet him fie to popjanne on lipep able hpaet him fie co healbanne je on Isecebo- \/ mum je on mete • -j tacn ]3 ]^e fpile J^pinan ne msej ne utypnan on J^repe hppe. :• .xxiiii. Lsecebomaf -j pyptbjiencaf pij? eallum hpeji psepcum ealjia ]7peotyne "j pj: Lfep peaxe, .xxv. Lsecap eac be eallum pambe coj^um 'j abltim fpeocol tacn funbon -j Isecebomap 'j hu mon ]?a yj:elan pa3tan j)fepe pambe lacnian fcyle -j ];onne abl to )?fepe pambe pile pop j^sepe yjrelan omihtan psetan cneop hatiaS^ lenbenu hepejiaS yapiaS Jmjia lenbena lipan • tojeotep betpeox fculb]ium utjonj jemenjeb. .XXVI. Lijecebomaf ^ip fio pamb punb biS hu f mon onjitan ma^je -j jelacnian • v. cpseptaf. :• .XXVII. La3ceboma]' be pambe mipSenlicpc jecynbo o];J>e mijfbypbo hu p mon ma35e onjitan "j jelacman -j be pambe hattpe jecynbo • -j be cealbjie -j psetpe fol. GOb. jecynbo -j be hattjie "j bpijjie jecynbo -j f h?emeb ]>n\^ ne buje • J^yppum lichoman -j ne fcejjej; hatum ne palatum • feopon cpa3ptap -j ^^te hsemeb j^mj fpiSoft e^laS ]?am Se hopn able habbaS. :• . XXVIII. Laecebomaf pi]? J?on j?e monnej- f upe]ipe hjup fie ;5epylleb pi^ ypelpe paetan "j be ptnbijpe pambe. .xxviiii. Lsecebomaf pi}? ]jon pe mete untela mylte •j cijijie on pule -j yple pastan o]?]?e pcittan. :• ' Read healria'S ? but hacia'S is in i 2 JJe^^J cosetcep from the full the full text. tost. LEECH BOOK. IT. 163 xxiii. Leechdoms, telling what the sick man hath Book 11. to forego in hver disorder, what he hath to hold by, Contents. either in leechdoms or in meat, and tokens that the swelling may not dwindle nor run off in the liver. xxiv. Leechdoms and wort drinks for all liver pains, thirteen in all, and if the liver wax. XXV. Leeches also have found a plain token for all wamb ' diseases and disorders, and leechdoms, and how a man shall treat the evil humours of the wamb, and when disease will be at the wamb, for the evil in- flammatory humours ; the knees " are hot,'' the loins are lieavy, the sinews of the loins are sore, there are spasms between the shoulders, the discharge is of a mixed nature. xxvi. Leechdoms if the wamb be wounded, and how a man may understand that, and lioiv cure it ; five crafts or receii^ts. xxvii. Leechdoms regarding the various nature and misbehaviour of the wamb, how a man may under- stand and how treat that, and of the hot nature of the wamb: and of its cold and moist nature, and of its hot and dry nature,^ and how the congressus sexuum is not holesome for a dry body, and how it scatheth not a hot nor a wet one : seven crafts : and that swiving most severely hurteth them who have the disease of foul humours. xxviii. Leechdoms in case that the upper part of the belly of a man be filled with evil humour, and of the windy wamb. xxix. Leechdoms in case that meat digest not well, and turn to foul and evil humour or feeces. ' The maw is the organ of di- gestion, the stomach ; the wamb is the venter, -whatever that may mean. 3 The " hot and cold, wet and " dry " theory was an attempt of the " rationalis disciplina " of the Hellenes to arrive at scientific generalizations ; it is traceable among the works attributed to Hip- pokrates and in Aristoteles. l2 16-i L^.CE BOC. .XXX. Lfecebomaf jij: ]m jnlle ]3 ]nn pamb fie fimle jefimh -j be co'Se 'j fape be pambe co\Se -j mne- }:ajuiu lajie -j to pambe jemetlictinje fyxtyne cptep- taS. :• .XXXI. Lseceboma]- "j taenuiij on J;am poppe -j fmcel ]>ea]\me 'j on utjoiije hu liie JjjiopiaiS opma^'cne }>upfc • •j unlult . -j be hiopa hipe -j ]?am naj:olan -j jisejpeofan -j bsec ];ea]iine -^ nipefeo}?an --j mike' pcape -j bu un- Irecaj- penaS p •]' lie lenbenabl o]>]7e milu pasjic -j lipaep pa pamb feocan ]\a able |?]io]nen ^ hu liim pie • -j liu fol. Gia. hiopa mon tilian ycyle peopep ]npa." :• .XXXII. Ltecebomap bvi mon I'pa jepabne man lacnian pcule • je mib blobltepe "j pealpe -j ba6o "j lacnunj on ]' lipip to Senbanne • -j ];ap liBcebomap ma^on piS leiibenece • -j jip mon fonbe mije • ]n|? nt; piiepce • piS majan ablum -j c-lapunja "j pij:a beb-epneppum • -j be ]>a3pe coSe hu man lyfce utjan -j ne mjej • -j jip pe ucjanj fie pinbi;j; 'j psetepij "j blobij . xii. pifan. . XXXIII. Lseceboma]- pr6 j^asjie ppecnan co8e J>e fe mon hip utjanj ]mph 'Sone muS liim ppam pypp^) "j afpjipan jx-eal • ^ pib [nnobpunbum 'j fmpel ];ea]ima fajie • -j ]n8 tobjiocenum mnoj^um "j ]n|j poptojenepj-e mnan • ^ piS ]?riepe pambe ];e late my It -j j-e ]?a)ia lajce- boma ne jimS ];onne becym"(5 hirn on paiteji bolla lipeji psepc milte]' ]'a)i mic;^ean pojiha?pbnep pambe ablapun^ lenbenpa'jic fonb -j f-anaf on bla-bpan peaxaS j'jieotyne cpa3ptap. :• ' Head milte ■]. j - I3ef'ore erasure, jnj-an. LEECH LOOK. u. 165 XXX. Leeclidoms if tliou will that tby wamb Ix; al- pook II. ways sound, and of disease and sore ; and of disease of ^^^■^^''• the wamb and • sore of the intestines, and foi- the moderation ' of the wamb ; sixteen receipts. xxxi. Leechdoms and symptoms marking of the ro])e gut and small gut, and of the ftocal discharge ; how they suffer unbounded thirst and loss of appetite; and of their complexion or hue, and of the navel, and the dorsal muscles, and rectum, and pit of the belly, tvnd milt, and share or puhes, and how bad leeches ween that that is loin disease or milt wark, and where the warnbsick suffer the disorder, and how it is with them, and how a man shall treat them : four methods. xxxii. Leechdoms how a man shall cure one so afflicted, Avhether with bloodletting, and salve, and baths, and Icoiv to send curatives into the belly. And these leechdoms are efficacious against loin ache, if a man mie sand, for dysentery, for diseases of the maw, and gripings, and womens tendernesses, and of the disease where a man would evacuate and is not able (tenesmus), and if the discharge be windy, and watery, and bloody. Twelve methods. xxxiii. Leechdoms for the perilous disease in which a man casteth from him and speweth, as they sa}^, his excrement through the mouth ; and for wounds of the inwards, and sore of the small guts, and for laceration of the inwards, and for inward spasm ; and for the wamb which digests late, and the man who is not affected by the leechdoms ; there cometh on him dropsy, pain in liver, sore of spleen, retention of urine, inflation of belly, pain in loins, sand and stones wax in the bladder. Thirteen receipts. ' The " temperies " and " commoderatio vcutri;-," that it be neither too hot nor too cold. 166 L^CE BOC. .XXXIIII. Lsecebomaj- "j be j;{x?]' manne]' mihtum fceal fol. 61 b. mon ])a Iseceboinaf j'ellan |>e ponne jejroje lynb • je heajzbe • je heoptan • "j pambe • *j blaebpan "j pojejnm. -j hu jeajiep hit fie be lipeto -j cele -j ])i]; lattpe inel- tunje • o'SSe jtp pamb pojipeaxen "j pojipunbob fie • ■j jip mon fie mnan pojiblapen • -j pi8 jniinbe ppmum ' ■j jicjmm* nyjaii pipan. :■ .XXXV. Lsecebomap be cilba opeppyllo 'j.paiiibe "j pp htm mete tela ne mylte -j htm fpat opja 'j ft nice pule. :• .XXXVI. Laecebomaf be milte psepce "j f he bi5 on ])a pinptpan~ fiban "j tacn Ssepe able hu hijeleafe hi beoS "j hu lanj fe milte fie "j be 'psdy miltep pilmene on ]?a pmfcpan healpe be hleahtpe ]7e op milte cyiiiS • hu pe milte sejhpset ]?popaS Jjsep l^e oJ?ep limo je hat je cealb • -j be bsecSe ^j hpemeb J^mje "j hpanan fio hseto cume -j cele J^aep miltep eahta cpseptaf :• .XXXVII. Laecebomaf hu mon fcyle ]7one monnan Innan -j utan mib cealbum -j hatum Isecebomum lac- fol, 62 a. man 'j hpilc mete him fie to J^icjenne -j hpiJc him fie to pojijanne. .XXXVIII. Laecebomaf hu mon pceal J?a psetan -j pon- pceapta utan lacnian *j be ];am psetum yplum pajp miltep 'j jnS plipunje ptetan J^sep miltep. :• .xxxviiii. Lsecebom pij? pinbijpe a]mnbeneppe hsey miltef fio cjm^ op ?epla sete -j hnuta • --j pyfena • "j hunijej- iete "j ];one jiop -j mnepojian 'j pambe -j ' jtyjimum in the full text. | - jnntjjan, MS. LEECH BOOK. TI. 167 xxxiv. Leechdoms; and the leeclidoms which are Book II. suitable to the case sliall be administered accordino- to ^^^'^'^^'^^- the mans powers, whether in head, or heart, and of wamb, and bhidder, and lynipli; ^ and according as the time of year may be, in regard to heat and cold; and for late digestion, or if the wamb be overgrown and wounded ; and if a man be blown out inwardly ; and for prurience, and itchings of the wamb ; nine methods. XXXV. Leechdoms for the overfilling 07' surfeit of children, and for their wamb, and if their meat digest not well, and if sweat pass from them and stink foully. xxxvi. Leechdoms of pain in the milt, and that the milt is on the left side, and tokens of the disease, how reckless the sick are, and how long the milt is, and of the film or membrane of the milt on the left side, and of splenetic laughter, which cometh of the milt, how the milt suffereth everything of that which other limbs suffer either hot or cold; and of the bath, and of sexual commerce, and whence the heat cometh and the cold of the milt : eight receipts. xxxvii. Leechdoms how a man shall tend the man within and without with cold and hot leechdoms, and what meat he is to take, and what he is to forego. xxxviii. Leechdoms how a man shall cure the hu- mours and the livid complexion by external applica- tions, and of the evil humours of the milt, and of the lubricity of the humours of the milt. xxxix. A leeehdom for a windy swollen state of the milt, which cometh of eating of apples, and of nuts, and of peas, and of honey, and which pufFeth up throughout the rope gut, and the intestines, and the Gastric juice. ]68 L^CE EOC. 0 ma^^uu ]ja ^(ionb blapab • -j pit) yo5e]7au "j feaban )?e oj: milte cymS • 'j Im iio abl jejK'iit; on pa^rep bollan eallep tyii cpjcftaj'. :• .XL. Liecebomaf be ablapunje -j alieajibunje j^ael' blobef ou pain milce. : .XLI. Lsscebomaf pi]> ]>se]\e lieajibnej-pe -j I'ajie inilrc]- ■j liii mon nipej fpinej- blsebjian inib ecebe jepylbjie jelmepcan j^a Iieajibnepj'e -j pi]? ealluni niablum ]>]iy cjiiuptaS. : • .XLii. Lsecebomaf jtp omihtjie blob 'j ypele ptetari on ]7am milre pyn }?mbenbe ponne j^ceal him inun blob Iseran on ]ni]- pipan pe ])eop Ireceboc ^ej]) • "j be ]70ep blobep liipe. :• .XLiii. Lsecebomap lipeer hnn on j^sejie able to |nc- fol. G2 b. jeune fie hpset; to pojijanne. .XLiiil. Laicebom eft pe pe p ypel uttih'S op ];ani milte fpi8e a^J^ele * 'j pe eac beah pi]; majan ablapunje •j Inno]ni Imej-ce]) Jja pambe ])ynna]:> j?a oman • bitejie hjitecetunje apej be]; -j bjieoft co]>e • -j pib ptepc • 'j lipeji able "j milte pcTpc • -j pambe pmb eal ])a liht. : .XLV. La3ceboma]- 'j ipi&bjienc pijj aipollenum. :• .XLVI. Lsecebomai" jnj; 5elip?e];eji]ie fiban pajie 'j tacn punboplicu lipanan lio cume 'j hu fio abl topeapib lie • •j liu mon papa tilian pcyle. :. .XLYii. Lsecebomap pa Se ]?ynnun3e lisebben -j fuial- iinje msejen • ];am lichoman pe pa ha^to mebmicle oppe itjianje ppopien -j hu mon icyle fpinel" blsebpan on bon. :. .XLViii. Laecebomal' pelpan jip pap op'pe helpe ne I'yn hu him mon eac blob pcyle l?etan. ;. .XLViiii. Laecebomal" 'j peax pealpa -j pceappunja pip liban pape "j lij?ajt he j^icjean ]"cyle. ;. LEECH BOOK. II. 109 waiii]i or venter, and the maw or stomacJt, sobbing Book II. and Avatery congestions which come from the milt, and how the disease turneth into dropsy : in all ten crafts. xl. Leechdoms for inflation and for hardening of the blood in the milt. xli. Leechdoms for the hardness and sore of the milt, and how a man may with a swines bladder lilied with vinegar, make nesh the hardness ; and for all its inward diseases ; three recipes. xlii. Leechdoms in case inflammatory blood and ill humours in the milt are enlarging it : then shall the sick be let blood in these ways which this Leech book saith ; and of the hue of the blood. xliii. Leechdoms telling what during that disorder is to be the diet, and what food is to be foregone. xliv. A leechdom, again, a very noble one, which di'aweth out the evil out of the milt ; and this leech- dom is also efficacious for puffing up of the maw and of the inwards ; it maketli nesh the wamb, it thinneth the hot secretions, it doth away bitter throat risings, and breast disease, and side pains, 'pleurisy, and liver disease, and milt pains, and wamb wind ; all them it lighteneth. xlv. Leechdoms and a powerful potion for the swollen. xlvi. Leechdoms for sore of either side, and wondrous tokens whence the disease cometh, and how it is imminent, and how it should be dealt with. xlvii. Leechdoms which have the main or virtue of thinning and smalling or small rnaJdng; for the bodies which suffer a moderate or strong heat, and how a swines bladder should be applied. xlviii. Better leechdoms if these others are not for a help, how, also, the patient shall be let blood. xlix. Leechdoms, and wax salves, and scarifications for sides sore, and a declaration what he, the sick, shall take for diet. 170 L^CE BOG. .L. Lsecebomaf ejrt ]n8 fiban ]-ape. fol 63 a. . LI. Lsecebomaj- pi^ lun3;eTi able "j la]?licu tacn hpanan fio abl cume -j liu mon lacnian fcyle • bpencaj' 'j yealjra 'j bjiipaf je piS lunje punbe -j jip lunjen bpeo]?e • -j jip liinjen bpujije an "j tpentrij cpsefca. :• .Lli. La3cebomaf -j fpij'ebpencap mannum to hiele -j jtp man liine opeji ^emet bjiece to fpi]>anne -j eft pece hjienc o]>]>e jip bjienc op men nelle eallef tpentij bpencea. . :• .Liii. Lrecebomaf 'j leolite bpencaf mannum to hpelo ■j tinfpmle bpenceap pi]> untpumum mnojmm eahta cp septal'. :• .Liiii. Lfecebomap ^ bpencaf prS mfcice -j jip ftice butan inno];e fie. :• .LV. Lsecebomaf *j bpencaf pp mon mnan pojiliaepb fie -j pi]) inco]>e "j p;ep co]:ie. :■ .LVI. LfBcebomaf jip mon fie on utpsepce *j tacn be utpibte je on j^am upeppan hjiipe je on J>am m|;eppan •j lipanan fio abl cume 'j liu mon hie pcyle lacnian -j lippet mon Jncjean fcyle -j ept pi]? ]?on jip mon blobe ane utyjme "j pi]) miclum pape -j ablauneppe ])SRp in- fol. 63 b. no]7ep o]?])e j'Tp mon pop poppep untpumnej-pe utypne oppe pp hpa blobpyne J^popije on J)am ni]?eppan bjelum hip lichoman o]7])e jip hpam pie micje on blob jip hio jehj'ypp]) • oS8e jip mon utjanj nsebbe *j ept ut- ypnenbe lipip ptp -j hunb feopontij Iseceboma. :• .LVii. LaBcebomap pi J; ]7eapmep utjanje -j jip men bilyhte fie ymb ];one ];eapm 'j pi6 bla3C * Jjeapmef utjanje nijon pij-an. ' Read baec. LEECH BOOK. II. 171 1, Leeclidoms again for sides sore, that is, pleurisy. Book ii. li. Leechdoms for lung disease and loathsome tokens CoNxi-NTfe. oi' symptoms, whence the disease cometh and how one shall cure it ; drinks, and salves, and brewits, bo it for lung wound, or if a lung perish, or if a lung get dry ; one and twenty crafts or recipes. lii. Leechdoms and spew drinks for men for their health : and if a man strain himself above measure to spew, and again a weak drink, or if a chink or draught of medicine will not pass away from a man. In all twenty drinks. liii. Leechdoms and light drinks for men for their health, and unspewing drinks, or potions not emetic, for infirm inwards ; eight crafts. liv, Leechdoms and drinks for an inward stitch, and if there be a stitch outside the inwards. Iv. Leechdoms and drinks if a man be inwardly bound up, and for inward disease, and sudden disease. Ivi. Leechdoms if a man be afflicted with painful evacuation, and tokens of dysentery, either in the upper part of the belly or in the nether, and whence the disease cometh, and how a man shall cure it, and what a man shall take for diet; and again in case that a man evacuate with blood only, and for mickle sore and upblowing of the inwards, or if a man, from infirmity of the rope gut or colon, have diarrhcea, or if one suffer a bloodrunning in the nether parts of his body, or if any ones mie or urine be of blood, or if it turneth,' or if a man have no evacuation, and again an outrunning brewit for diarrhcEa ; seventy- five leechdoms. Ivii. Leechdoms for outgoing of the gut, and if Prolapsus. boils come on a man about the gut, and for outgoing of the gut ; nine methods. > Cloudy. 174 L^CE EOC. lol. 64 b. iirpsejice • -j jij: mon blobe fpij'e • -j yip blobpyne • -j jip lim fsepmja ace • "j pi]> blasce on -jplitan. :■ .LXiiii. LaBcebom j-e monian^ pi]? mnoj^ep poplisspb- / neppe -j jutomori'- pi-S milce ptepce "j frice *j fpican ]n]) utpilitan *] bpacontjan pi]? pule hojiaj- on men • -j alpaii pi]? mitpymneppum • 'j jalbanep pi]? neappiim bjieoicmn • -j balzaman fmipmj pi]? eallvim uncpuin- lu'ppuni 'j petjiaoletim ro bjimcanne anpealb pij? innan -ybejmeppe -j utan to fmejipanne • -j typiaca ij* 30b bjienc jn]? mno]? tybepnepj'um • -j pe lipica fcan pi6 ealliim uncu]?um bpocum. .. .LXV. La3ceb6m ^ip liojif pie opl'coten *j pi]? utpsejice- ■j jtp utrjanj popfeten j'le • "j pi]? lencten able • apt pi]? utpsepce -j pi]? unlybbum -j pi]? ]?8epe jeolpan able •j jip men fie pfeplice ypele "j to jeliealbanne lichoman licelo -j pi]? 5ic]?an "j ailue -j pi]? lonb able -j jonjel- pseppan bite • "j piS utpiliCe "j lieapob pealpa. f^j g5 j^ .LXVI. be |?am Itane ]?e jajatej- liacte, .LXVii. Be pa^je ele]- -j o]?e]ipa mipSenlicjia ])in3a. Alexander P^Y ^^^'^ ''^'^^^ abliep majan • sepeft jelome fpsetunja Trailianus, lib. oSge hpsGCunja • cipnef -j ]-e man hme jelome to fpi- R. Stephaui, panne • "j he onpmbe]? fpile "j ]? ]?a oman beoS mne ^■^48. betynbe ]>up]i ]?a ablapun^e • "j him biS unej?e ]?upfc jetenje. 6ac op })5Bp majan able cumaS momje -j mipSenlica abla jebopfcena punba "j lipamma h pylle pu'pc "j pienba abl • -j luicla mupnun^a 'j unjiotnepj'a butan J?eappe "j oman -j nnjemetlica mete j-ocna -j unjemetlice unluftaf "j cipneppa • "j fapa mable on pipep ' Kead j-camoinan, Avliich is mentioned elsewhere iu this book II. iii. 3., and is a strong purgative. -' Kead jut amnion. LEECH BOOK. IT. 175 blood, and for blood running ; and if a limb suddenly Book II. ache, and for a blotch on the face. Ixiv. A leechdom ; scamony for constipation of the inwards, and ammoniac drops for pain in the milt, and stitch, and spices ^ for diarrhoea, and gum dragon for foul disordered secretions on a man, and aloes for infirmities, and galbanum for oppression in the chest and balsam dressing for all infirmities, and petroleum to drink simple for inward tenderness, and to smear outwardly, and a tryacle, that is a good drink, for inwards tendernesses, and the white stone, lapis Alabastrites, for all strange griefs. Ixv. A leechdom if a horse be elf shot, and for pain in evacuation of the fseces, and if the evacuation bo stopped, and for the " lent disease,'' or typhus ; again for pain in evacuation, and for poisons, and for the yellow disease or jaundice, and if sudden evils come on a man ; and to preserve the bodys health, and against itch and elf, and for " land disease " or nos- talgia, and for bite of the gangway weaver, spider, and for diarrhoea and head salves. Ixvi, Of the stone which agate hight. Ixvii. Of the weight of oil, and of other various things. These are tokens of diseased maw ; first, frequent spittings or breakings, choiceness or a daintiness about food, and for the man to spew frequently ; and he will have a sense of swelling, and that the hot inflamed humours are shut up within him by the inflation ; and an uneasy thirst is contingent upon him. Also from disease of the maw come many and various diseases of bursten wounds, and cramps, and epilepsy, and fiends disease, and mickle murmuriuii'S and uneasiness without Cinnamon is much administered. 17G L.ECE EOC. jecynbon "j on ):ot:nm -j lila^hjinn • *j on unmobe • *j on iinjemet: pteccun^' 'j iin^jepitlico pojib • ye maja bi]? neali \\V]\e lieoptan -j |)3S]ie jelobji -^ "j jeabojitenje )>am bjiffi5[en]e • oy [am cumat) ]?a abla fjn];olu Of ];a3p majan incmjan "j on^ yplum ]'eapum pretan attepbepenbum • jjonne 5a pa^tan^ ])a ypelan peo]i]7a]7 jejabepobe on ]?one inajan • 'j J'ffiji jiixiaS nnb pceajipunja ninan • fol. 65 b. fpijjofr on ]?am monnum ]>e habbaS fpijje jepelne "j fajicjienne majan fpa ]3 Lie fume fomnunja fpelra]? • ne rnajon abejxan ]ja Icjianjan pceajipmja ]?0epa jEtejma psetena • hpilum pypmaf op ]?am mjjeppan ^ brelvim 5e]'ecaS ];a npejijian btelap to }mm majan • "j eac lieoptcoj^e ])ypceao • -j anjnej'j-a -j 5efpo])un5a ipa 'pte hpilum fume men ppam j^ajia pyjima plitunje fpelraS "j poppeop|?a8 • poji ]>on j^sem mannurn beah ■]) him mon on pjiuman ]?a mettap jipe ]?e celunje -j fujianjunje ma'jen ha^bben fpa fjni" beo]? feppla naiej- to fpete eallep ac ]-upmelfce -j pejuiii -j pepfucaj- -j hlap jebon on cealb ])a;te]i o]?|?e on luit be ]?se]ie jelicunje ])?ep majan pe ]:>a ^^pelan jnietan fceoppenban 'j fceappan haspS. pip beali eac on pjiuman ]?am Se |;a heojiCcoSe ■j f jefceopp c3popia5 relcpa jejiifc ]3 him mon lytlum ba mettap j'elle Jja ]>e late melten • leax'' 'j Jja pixap J>a Se late meltan joj'e mneple^ -j fpmef pet J)a '5e nifBjen pi]? habban" ]?am yjrelan psetan • -j J?onne him pel fie ]7onne ]?icje he fpetjian mettaf • ne \n]> hmi fol. 66 a. nanpuht pelpe J^onne lie ]?a j^icje ]ja ];e late melten '" -j ' The construction is faulty ; it should be ~j unmoh t unsemerptecce. ^ Iveacl j;elob)ie ? See Lye in Seloba. Also b))cet;e, LIS •■* Read o)-. •» At this point our author skips over seven folio pages and goes on at lib. vii. cap. id, p. 114, ed. 1548. ■' The interpreter omits ol t?/s poas KoicKot, the seeds of the pomegranate, and ^oSd/ciw, nectarines, and »? avff- Ti)phv Kcu t]ivxp^v txouira ffTa(pvK-r], (/rapes of a ]>e seppla bejimbebe.^ 6ac bi]? 30b jzulcum on jobum pyjitbjiencum fpa Isecap pypcaS • op ecebe 'j op pmolep pypttpuman -j op jimbe • •j op alpan -j op bopan hunije -^ jemenj f -j pele Jjsep cuclep pulne o]jJ>e tpejen ]?onne hnepcaS f J>a pambe -j Cpyme]? • "j f beah yip bpeoft psejice -j pi]? lieoptco]?e 'j piS pellepsepice • -j pi^ ]?on ]je mon fie 'on ]?am majan omi^pe psetan jepylleb • -j pi8 manejum ablum f beah • ^a ]?e cumaS op opeppyllo • -j op mifj'enhcum yplum Alex. Trail, psetum. jip hie cumen op opeppyllo mib fpipe ]?an* cap. iy., ed. j^y ^^^ y^^^i lythan. jip hie ]7onne cumaS op o)?pum bifcepum -j ypelum psetum ]?a J^e pypiceaS oman ]?onne beo]7 J?a elcpan to fciUanne o]?^ J^e hie unftpanjpan peop)?an • fpi]?oft ;<;ip )?a psetan beoS ]ncce -j plipejpan. be pambe coj^e o]>]>e jtp op \>se]\e pambe anpe j;a ypelan psetan cumen -y ne opepypnen ealne j7one licho- man f mon pceall mib halpenbum mettum anum lac- fol. 66 b. man -^ jip ]?onne fio ypele psete op J^sepe pambe opep- ypne]? ealne ]?one lichoman ]?8ep mon pceal mib mapan lacnunje tilian • hpilum Mm mon pceal op febpan blob Isetan jip J^sep blobep to pela jnnce -j jjsepe yplan psetan •j eac pyptbpenc pellan. Ac sepeft mon pceal blob Isetan septeji |;on pyptbpenc pellan. .11. Pi]? papum -j a])unbenum majan jenim ele -j jebo hpit cpiiba 'j bile -j fu])epne pepmob on ]?one ele ' iidaip Tpvxp6i'. Al. Trail. 1 ' fj.4\iros arriKov, A. T. -' ^ firiXou 7^ KiTpov cKrhi- tuv AeVoi/y i ' Not very litei'ally. uvTov, A. T. I " Alex. Trail, has more words. LEECH HOOK. If. 179 Naught is better for Lini than that he take those ^^°^ ^}- which digest late, and are notwithstanding not purga- tive ; let him eat at undern, or nine o^cloek, loaf bread broken into hot water, or apples peeled. There is also good support in good wort drinks, as leeches work them, of vinegar, and of fennels roots, and of its rind, and of aloes, and of dumbledores^ honey; mix that up and administer a spoonful of it or two, then that maketh the wamb nesh and firm ; and it is efiicacious against breast wark, and heart disease, and epilepsy, and in case that a man be filled with inflainmatory hu- mour in the maw, and that is valid against many dis- orders which come of surfeit and of various evil humours. If they are come of surfeit with spewing, by that remedy shall they be lessened. If however they come of other bitter and evil humours, which work inflammations, then are the latter to be stilled till that they become less strong ; chiefly if the humours be thick and rather slippery.^ 2. Of wamb disease, or if the evil humours come from the wamb alone and do not overrun the whole body, that case shall be treated with healing meats alone. If moreover the evil humour from the wamb overrunneth the whole body, this shall be dealt with by means of the stronger remedies : at whiles one shall let him blood from a vein, if there seems to be too much of the blood and of the evil humour, and also give a wort drink ; but he shall first be let blood and after that have the wort drink given him. 11. 1. For a sore and swollen maw ; take oil, and put mastic, and dill, and southern wormwood into the oil, ' Attic. 1 - y\i(TXP'>i- M 2 1 so {..Y.OK V.CiC. \iv.~ I'raubaii pjuM nihc -j ;^ebo \> ]k\ I'Vjita yyn j^t- j'obene ou ];aiii fk' • Jt^bo L)onu(^ uii hnt- j'ce puUe i'mijie l^one maT;au inib. Bpt jnj> )>on iloaii ^emui ealbne pyyle i;eL;]npila on 'cjieopeniiiii mopce]ie ineui; yrh sejel' \) lipite bo on clab leje on. pij' pajVuin inaran eyx: ^ebo on peajunne elf ]>a j'Vpt; • ]^e hactc }:eno5)iecum -j lanpep cjioppaii j bile fmipc ]>one majan mib |;y. fol. C7 a. ]hp pajium niajan pe^bjirebau peap -^j cceb bo on cla'6 lege on. 6pt; jip pe maja ajpunben f"ie o]>\e a]?eneb • [^emni ]?££]• pelefcan ])inef 'j jpenel' elep Ipilc healp feo]' pejimobep cpoppan bo on Imepce pulle fmipe mib. Sellt him ])onne plaepc e~an lyceljia puhta I'mjieljia pnjla ^epo- benjia -j ^ebpsebjia -j manijpealb a?ppelcyn pepan fppenm- i^ap' pi San op];a3nba -j jefobena on ecebe 'j on jjjierpe 'j on pme ])el fceappum. ]?i]? j-apnm majan • pofan leapa .v. o]^];e .vii. oS'Se nijon -j pipopef copna empela jei^nib fmale "j on liatjuin ptccepe pele bjimcan. Bpr pi]> ]on ilcan 3;enrni oj: puihnyrc .xx. ;<;(*cl liealp to bjimcanne. Gy.~ ip onlejen' ro trpymmanne ]?one niajan "j to fol. G7 b. Inubanue jeptep utj-ihtan o])])e i^pteji pyp'cbpence je- ha'jmebne hlap chenne ieo]? on ealbum j'nie ^ip ];u htebbe • jip Int lie furaop co pejiniobei' febef bupt to feoj; a't^a?bepe bo on claS opejdmit mib ele leje on })one majan • ;i;ip hit fie pmteji ne ];eappt |;u ];oiie pepmob to bon. .III. I^e i;efpel]e -j j-ajie ])8P)- mai;an« ^}y iV man p miejen hffibbe Iff't liim ))lob toptep j^oii mib py ele fmijie |>e 'Rir'iOfua. LEKCll HOOK. II. 181 let it .stand three uigiit;s, .-ind aiTange tliat tlie worts Bonk 11. be sodden in the oil, then })nt tluU vi\nn\ nesh wool, ^' "' ^niear the rnnvv therewith. Again, for that ilk ; take old lard, triturate it in a treen mortal', juingle there- with the white of an egg, })iit on a cloth and lay on. For a sore maw, agaiii ; put the wort into warm oil. which hight fenugreek, and hunches of laurel HoM'er.s, and dill ; sniear the maw with that. '1. For a sore maw ; put on a cloth juice of way- broad and vinegar ; lay on. Again, if the maw be swollen or distended ; take some of the best wine, and of green oil half so much, seethe the heads of worm- wood tJoerein, put this on nesh wool, smear therewith. Then give him the flesh to eat of little creatures, as of small fowls, sodden and roasted, and manifold kinds of apples, pears, medlars, peas moistened and sodden in vinegar and in water, and in pretty sharp wine. For a sore maw ; leaves of rose, five, or seven, or nine, and of pepper corns as many, rub them small, and administer in hot water to be drunk. Again, for that ilk ; take twenty cleansed kernels of the nuts of the stone pine, and of cummin so much as thou mayest take u]» with the tips of three fingers, then triturate a bov/1 full, ]"»oil in a mortar, add of cold water two good bowls fidl, then give the half ihercof in the first instance to be drunk. ■j. Again, here is an onlay ■' or apijlicailou to com- = ini(>^fj.s.. fort the maw, and to bind it after the diarrhcna, or after a wort drink ; seethe clean toasted bread in old wine, if thou have it ; if it b(^ summer, add dust of the seed of wormwood, seethe together, put on a cloth, smudge over with oil, lay on the maw ; if it be winter, thou needst not apply the wormwood. Of swelling and soiv of tlie maw; if the man have Lhe strength lo hrar if, let liim blood; after that. 182 ].MCE BOC. ];a pyyi'ca lyn on jeyobene |?e pe eeji nembon • jeptep |70n mib hate hunije fmijie -j opejipceabe ])oime mib hpirey cpibuep -j alpan bufce ^ pipopep hyse'c hpeja • opeplecje • ]7onne inib Imene claSe oS6e mib eopo- cijpe puUe -j pele pejimob on peapmum psetepe tpam mhtum sep opjotenne f ye }pam omtim fcille • *j pele J70nne gepipopobne pyprbpenc* "j Sonne pceal mon J>am men mib bpium hanbum on mopjenne -j on aepenne fol. 6 J a. ]7a hanba *j ]?a pet jniban fpi'Se *j ])yn • -j 51F hit fie 50b pebep he Wm on imbepne jife • janje him ut hpibep hpeja fume hpile • ^ip hit ne fie pebep janje htm m jeonb hip huf. .1111. Pi]? heapbum fpile ]?tep majan j-ele ]>u liim pealte metta]' -j hapan plsej^c "j eopopef • puban pypttpuman • ■j ceppan • 'j pcip pm • *j eaSmelte mettaj' -j onlejena utceonbe ]?one heajiban fpile • -j b?eS |7enba fmeppunja pypce op ele -j op pepmobe • -j op hpitum cpibue -j pme • hepe "Sonne fmijie mib ];y • opleje ]7onne mib eopecijpe pulle -j befpe]?e • jenim eac milfce jeppla jebo neah- tepne on pm -j Jjonne jefeoS • jefpete ]?onne f pop mib hunijef teape -j jepipepa mib .XX. copna pele him )>oTiTie on mopjenne lytelne bollan pulhie oSSe cuclep pulne ]?up jepophtep bpmcan. .V. Lsecebom pi]? J^sep majan a]?unbenne]'pe • ]?8ep mannep pet -j hanba man )-cea] fpi];e on mopjentibum J^^n • •j hme mon pceal fpiSe hlubc hacan jpteban oSSe LEECH BOOK. II. 18.3 smear with the oil ou which the worts, which we ere Book ir. named, have been sodden ; after that smear with hot ^^' "'• honey, and sprinkle over with dust of mastic and aloes, and somewhat of pepper; then overlay this with a linen cloth or with ewes wool, and give him worm- wood in warm water, ponred off the worimvood two nights (days) previously, that it may still the inflam- mation,' and then administer a peppered wort drink ; and then one shall at morning and evening rub smartly and squeeze the mans hands and feet with dry hands, and if it be good weather let him at undem, that is at nine in the morning, by Gods grace, go out somewhither for a while ; if it be not fair weather, let him walk about within liis house. IV. For a hard swelling of the maw ; give the sick salt meats, and hares and boars flesh, roots of rue, and cresses, and sheer {clear) wine, and easily digested meats, and applications drawing out the hard swelling, and baths ; work moist smearings, that is, lotions, of oil and wormwood, and of mastic and wine ; bathe him, then smear with that, then overlay with ewes wool, and swathe up ; take also mild apples, put them for the space of a night into wine and then seethe them ; then sweeten the wash or infusion with virgin honey, and pepper it with twenty peppercorns ; then give him in the morning a little bowl full or a spoon full of the thus wrought 'potion to drink. A leechdom for swelling of the maw ; one shall in the morning hours squeeze hard the mans feet and hands, and one shall bid him cry or sing very loud, ' fK^jfiovr], I suppose. 184 LMCE BOC. I'lnjau -J liuie mou j-cel uealitrnej-cijue ' cylicaii 'j jjie- niiau to fpipanue • 'j on iiiojijen iinijicpjin mib elf on )?aiii Se fie jeyoben jiube 'j j^epmob 'j ]ni ieji jeiiem- neban metray ]nc^e. .VI. ' y\]) uiiliifce -j j'lcBttan ]?e op majan cymS -j be liip mere • ]-ele liini neahtnelbijum pepmob oS5e ]?]ieo- bpeab" jeboii on pceajip ptii pele neahrnepcijum • 'j tepCeji ]7on pealre mectaf niib ecebe jel'pere • ^ ^ejienobne I'enep -j jisebic jjicjen "j ealle |)a merral" je bjuncan ]>a ]7e habban hat; ma^jen -j Iceapp ]'ele picjean • 'j jebeoph f hie unjemelrneppe ne J^popian • 'j job ptn gehser -j hlutto^ Jncjen on neaht nejTij • 'j neaht. neptije lapien on hunij • "j j-ecen him bjioc on onjiabe • ■J on p^ene ob"6e on ])on j^e hie a ]:>]iopian masjen. 6pt; pij? mete)- imlufue • jenim luj^epne cymen op]7teiie mib ecebe abpij^e 'Sonne • -j jejnib on mojitejie • 'j pnolef pfebep • -j bilep pjieo cucleji msel jejnib eall tojiebepe jeece pipojiej" j^jieo cucleji m.'el -j jiuban leapa .Vii. cucleji mrel 'j ]>a?p leleptan hunije]- afipenej- an pimb • jetjiipuhi eal to^^tebejie • yce J^onne nub ecebe I'pa j^e ])ince ]> hit lie on J)a onhcnejye jepopht ])e lenop biS ;i;ecemp]iob to mpil'an • ^ebo ]?onne on ;5laip ptet • -j j^oiine mib hlape oSSe mib i'pa hpilcum mete fpa ]m pille lapa on ^ nytta je );eah ]m inib cuclepe ]> lupe ];8et hylp]; • jnj'e]- |ni nytta je on lupenne • je on iinbepne • nip ]j pi]? ];am nnlufte anuni job J;a?j- inajan • ac eallum J?am hchoman p beah. Pij? metep unlufce bpeopje bpopthm on psetjie oy- J^aeube • jejnib mib ecebe pele bpmcan piIS plajtcan. ])i]y ' iieahcejTisne, MS. lianus, lib. vii., cap. 7, pp. 108, 10'.» >,,,/.. I'd. l-^>48. - Avopefitt. In tlic iir: t .icntciic'c .. , . ^ .. , . ,, , "^ ' .> bcabjicab . Tr^yrroAiy is one of the , are some traces ol' Akxandcr 'I'ral- in;jr<.vlic'nts in A. I. LEECH ]]OOK. II. ],S.J and one shall exhort him aJ'ter lii.s iiij^-his fast, and put- I'.nok II. voke him to spew ; and in the morning smear him ^''^' ^'' with oil on which has been sodden rue and worm- wood, and let him diet on the before named meats. vi. Against waiit of appetite and nausea which cometh from tlie maw, and from the mans meat ; give him after his nights fast wormwood or beebread, put into sharp wine ; give it him at night fasting, and after that salt meats with sweetened vinegar, and prepared mustard, and radish to eat, and make him eat all the meats and drinks whicli have a hot and sharp quality; and beware that " they " suffer not indigestion, and let them take at night fasting good wine heated and clear ; and let tliem after the nights fast lap up honey ; and let them seek for themselves fatigue in riding on horse- back, or in a wain, or such conveyance as they may ever endure. Again, for want of appetite for meat; take southern or Italian cummin, moisten it with vinegar, then dry it and rub it to pieces in a mortar, and of fennel seed, and of dill, three spoon measures, rub all together, add of pepper three spoon measures, and of leaves of rue seven spoon measures, and of the best strained honey one pint ; triturate all together ; eke it out then with vinegar as may seem fit to thee, so that it may be wrought into the form in which mustard is tempered for tiavovuing ; put it then into a glass vessel, and then with bread or with what- ever meat thou choose, lap it up, and make use of it ; even though thou shouldst sup it up with a spoon, tliat will help. This use thou either at even or at nine o'clock. The 'remedy is not good for want of appetite of the maw only, but il is valid for all the body. For want of appetite for meat ; rub up Avith vinegar pennyroyal moistened in water, give it to be drunk against nausea. For wa.nt of a]i[>etite a/rain : give to 186 LyECE BOO. unlufre ej-'t mtntan -j pipojiej* ni^an cojui jejniben on pme j'ele bjimcan. .VIL 'Arofict, want y\y fceal pi8 abeabobum majan • jemm himijej' ^ fe?,s,'o^' A\^^' ^ceb tojsebepe jemenjeb "j ^ebeatenne pipoji j-ele on Trail, lib. vii., mopjenne cuclep pulne nealitnej-tijum nyctije fceap- ihi^ 15, ed. ' pepa bpmcena • -j metta* -j i.Q'z baj^e mib fmope jnibe "j 1548. fmeppe. Sele hmi eac neahcnepcijum })ip • jenim eceb fol. 69 b. j,ij, jlgebenan jemen^eb hpsethpeja -j lanjep pipopej- .x. copn o\\e cpoppan -j fenep menje eall to^sebepe • -j ■4 t;pipoli5e pele nihtnefcijum an cucleji msel • jepenc Sn ]?onne hp?e]?pe j?te ealle |'a sep jenemneban Igeceboma]- ■j ]7a 86fCe]\ ppicenan ne fculon on ane J'paje to lanje beon CO gebone ac fculon psec habban berpeonum "j jiefre • hpilum cpejen bajaf hpilum ]?py • -j ]?onne him mon blob Isete on ?ebpe on pam bajum ne bo bim mon nanne oj^epne leecebom Co • nym]?e ymb .v. nihc o]7]?e ma. pi]? popfojenum majan oJ^J^e a]7unbenum • jenmi lipyj^epen plsepc jepoben on ecebe -j mib ele jepenob ^ raib pealce • "j bile • -j pop J'lcje ^ feopon mliC ];onne lihc ^ J>one jefpenceban majan • bip fynb Caen abea- bobep majan ^ be \i-^ ne jemylc ^ • ac pe jejjijeba meCe bepeja]; ]>one majan "j lie ]jone pammelcan f>uph 8a pambe uCpenC. .VIII. Pi}? j-ape -j unlufce ]?8ep majan fe \e ne mse^ ne mib meCe ne mib bpincan beon jelacnob -j biCepe hpgececunje • Ntm cenCaujuan ]> ij- pelceppe fume • fol. 70 a. haCaS hypbe pypc • fume eo]i8 jeallan jesnib an punb LEECH BOOK. 11. I S7 drink mint unci niue corns of pepper rubbed tutudt in Jiook li. wine. ^^- ^'• ^di. This shall apply for a deadened maw;^ take some honey and vinegar mingled together, and pepper beaten up, give in the morning a spoon full of it to the man after his nights fast, let him employ sharp drinks and meats; and at the bath let him rub and smear him- self with mustard. Give him also, after his nights fast, this : take vinegar mingled with somewhat of gladden, and of long pepper ten corns or clusters, and mustard ; mingle all together, and triturate; give him after a nights fasting, one spoon measure. Then consider thou, notwithstanding, that all the aforenamed leechdoms and the after written ones, shall not be to be done at one too long season, but must have space and rest between them, whilom two days, whilom three ; and when one lets him blood on a vein, on those days let none other leechdom be done to him, except about five days later or more. For a stomach troubled with hicket or puffed up, take beeves flesh sodden in vinegar and with oil, prepared with salt, and dill, and porrum, let the sick diet on that for seven days, then that relieves the labouring maw. These are tokens of a deadened maw ; what he taketh, that melteth or digests not, but the meat swallowed oppresseth the maw, and it sendeth out the half digested food through the wamb. viii. For soreness and loss of appetite in that maw, which may not be cured neither with meat nor with di'ink, and for the bittei' breaking or retching ; take centaury,^ that is fel terrse, some call it herdsmans Now called a torpid liver. | - Eri/thraa cantaureum. 1.88 L^CE BOL'. •;] jebo j'tejion luicej- piecejiel' .IIII. boUan ):ulle yele htm neaht iiej^ci^uiu hjimcau ]>]\y bajaf. Syt jcmm ]>a jieabe netlan ujrepeajibe litebbenbe j'teb aj'peah citene 'j pyjitie Co liipanne. 6j:t: jpenef mepcej** jecpipiilabej" ]"eap "j ai^jiunjenep ]ele bjimcan- •j on ]ja ilcan pijan pele liiiu bpmcan huiian j-eap. BfC pi(S inajan pajie piiban -j nuncaii • bile • bpeojije bpolclan • ajpiinoniaii lunie liacaS jajicbpe • -j ceplari jecniia ealle on pine o]>]^e on ealaS pele a^lce bteje Co bpmcannc. .villi. yi\y Inpunbe niajan • mm gate meoliic ];onue hio pupjjum amolcen fie pele bpincan • fume peapme eopo meoluc bpmcati pi|; raajan fape • fume |;one yelefcan ele jei^ypmebne • fume yip j'a jate meoluu menja'S o|? f hie f])ipaS p hi ^e yj? fpipan majon. .X. • 1^ pla^^ctjin -j ro hroranne majian • pjoteji bepoben fin pejnnobe • -j on bile o]? J^one |7pibban ba3l pele f fol. 70 h. bjimcan ■]> pyjiin^ ^j heajiba]? jjone majaii. .XI. ■'- nphi t/iTviv- ' ])]j> jijmnbeneppe ^ ejiunje majan • pinolep pypttpu- LiirceTiv. Alex. ,• ^ ^ i^ j- k^ i Trail, lib. vii. "^^'-^ '^ iiiejicel op jeot: inib lci]ie pine ealbe 'j op j'on cap. 10; p. 112, jele bjiincan nehrnejTijVim .11. bollan pulle lycle. J7ib ed, 1548 ; hut ^- c , t i i the remedies pmbijjie apunbeiicpj'c niajaii to j'yjunanue ]>oiie ceal- differ. ^.^1^ iiia^aii • puban • ^-j bile • mmtan • -j mepce fynb- ^ juje j'ceapaf jeieo'iS on ]>]iini ceac* jruilum jni'tejief •]> j)8e]i ne fie butau an pul fele j^onne jj paateji bjvincan. ' The method of Alex. Tral- jiiinus i.s, it seeni.s, kept in view; \]ep\ rSiv 5(' auarpov if/O^ii' vy<'piK~ TowTiiv, lib. vii., cap. 7 ; p. 109, ed. ] .'■)48. - ceacuni '' I.KKCH I'.OOK. U. ISf) wort, some earth gall, ral> small a poun ])oii ilcan pinolej- peapep tpejen bselaf liuni- jep aenne feo]? o]? ^ p hsebbe liunijef J^iciieppe pele |jonne neaht neptijum cucleji msel pull • f plsettan V jeftnpeS f lunjenne bet ]> lipjie lirel^. pi^ miclan fpipe]?an *j he ne mas^e nanne mete jehabban • jentm fol. 71 a. bilep psebep ane yntj^an • pipojiep peopeji • cymenep ]?peo jejnib fpi]?e fmale • bo J'onne on peetep j^e paepe nnnte on jepoben -j fupe seppla o^^e pmjeapbep tpiju upepeapb meppe jip pe mon ne fie on peppe yce mib pme *j pele bpmcan ]?onne ne to pefte jan pille • "j le^ utan on ]?one majan jefobene pubu sepia -j hlapep cpuman -j fpilce onlejena. .XIII. "Pev/xuTta-iuik. JJonne pceal ]7ip yip ]?8e]' majan fppmje Sum pype eyn hatte lenticulaf ece J>apa hunb teontij hpeappa. 6pt pceappep ecebep jefupe ]>peo cuclep mtel ]?onne he plapan pille on sepen. .XIIII. yip eallum majan untpumneppum • jentm pmolej- pypttpuman utepeapbpa f J'seji msepj'oft fie abo op ]?am pmole fpa micel fpa o]>ep healp punb fie • jeot ' The method of Alex. Trallianus i naxov dir^fiovvra r)]v Tpocpyju, p. 1 12, is still preserved; he has a short | ed. 1548. chapter, lib. vii. cap. 9, Uf)hs ari- \ - For lege. LEECTT P.OOK. TT. Ml Xll. For spewing, and in case that a mans meat will not keep down ; take sinfulle, rub it Jine into sharp wine, give the man a bowl full to drink after evening work. Take, for tliat ilk, two parts of juice of fennel, one of honey, seethe or boil dotvn till the mixture have the thickness of honey, then give after a nights fast a spoon measure fall ; that restraineth nausea, that bettereth the lungs, that healeth the liver. For mickle spewing, and in case a man may keep in his stomach no meat; take one ounce of seed of dill, four of pepper, three of cummin, rub very small; then put into water in which mint has been sodden and sour apples, or the tender upper part of the twigs of a vine ; if the man be not in a fever, eke it with wine, and give it him to drink when he willeth to go to bed; and lay outside on the maw sodden wood apples {crabs), and crumbs of bread, and such applications. Book II. Ch. xii. xm. Besides, this shall be good for Hux ^ of the maw ; one sort of peas bight lentils, let the rnan eat of them raw one hundred. Again, let him sip three spoon measures of sharp vinegar, when he willeth to sleej) at evening. XIV. For all infirmities of the maw ; take of the out- ward parts of the roots of fennel, what is there most tender, remove from the fennel as much as may make * For this translation I partly rely on the guidance of Alexander Trallianus, who has remedies irphs ffrdfjiaxov pevnari^dfj-ei/ov ; lib. vii., cap. 8 ; p. 1 1 1, ed. 1548 ; p. 337, ed. 1556. Properly pevfiarifffihs is of the wamb, or venter, not of the maw ; and Aretajos says as much, Chron. lib. ii., cap. 6. But other authors have the same expression as Alex. Trail ; for instance Cselius Aurelianus, Chron. lib. iii., cap. 2. 1 fi2 L.^DOE p.or. l'.)niit I'cehej- on \'\k\ o|>eji lic^al}: p'j-rt-p fie l:ot |>oiine j'jU'O nihc fcanhan fpa serjrebejie • u^jiTeji ]>on opejifeo^ ])a pypttrjniman hpref hpeja on ];am ecebe 'j appm;i; o): fol. 71 b. ];am ecebe cleene • jebo |>onne on f eceh Imnijep mib j/j^ ecebe • jebo j'onne a] pan jobne bsel Jjsep on ^re yncian jepeje Ocibe ma -j o]:'ep Ipilc lipitep cpeobopep •j ameo)- liatrce fuj^ejine J'ypt: o]>ep apajiu bo ]?a]ia ]?ep ;^emenje li])te]7ejie ealle tojfebeju' 'j ]>onne pelle him )>peo cucleji mrel. bo })ip pi'6 ma^an bjiyne -j ]>npfrt- placo ]>fece]i menT;e pi'S ]>one ieleptan ele ]-ele bjimcan ]> f-yjiS ' j^am |>ujifcre. .XV. ])i]) ])£CY ma^an Ipjunje ]?onne ]mph mnS bicepe « 'ohpeyuiu. jjjifecS-'^ oj^j^e bealce" oSCe him on ]>am ma;^an fujeS • ^enmi pipopef fpilce an myner ^epeje • bilef prebep '^^ fpilce .HIT. mynet jepejen • o|?ep fpilc cymenef jegnib eall -j pele on pme cvicleji msel Jjonne he plapan jan pille. Sio a]7enun5 p'sep majan 'j fio ablapunje hoeco cymeS op 'pam blacum omvim • ae 3;enim jjonne fpjun- ^ ;^eau- jebo on pceajip eceb jepsete fpiSe leje ojiep |;one majan ])onne liic fpilc fie. jSpteji );on jip j^aE^p fu!. 75 a. ne pele leje oj^pa oulejena on frpenjpan -j apeppau fpa fpa 'iy pap'^ 6m piS hiinii; jemengeb 'j Von ^ehc. fpa Isecap cunnon. .XVI. ])ip i'mt caen ]Kcy hatan mai;aii omilitan nnjemer pffifchcan • -j |>a^p opepeealban • pa^p liatan mai;an un- ' From Kreopan. '^ Understand as fpouj;ean from the Hellenic. Alex. Trail., lib. vii., cap. 8; p. 110, foot, ed. l.'i^e, '■' Read ap. See the Glossary. ' Full of (pXcynovTi. - The diet is drawn from a pas- sage thus headed ; Qepaireia rf/s Sia 6efijj.riy acrOevo{ia7]s Svydfxiws. UiiSe- VOL. IT. mec] asiT, uiij;emecj-ae)'chc are there- I'ort' the opposites of KadfKTiK6s ; and not what Somner supposed. ("h xiv. i.EEr'if nooK. II. 198 a pound and a half, tlion pour on of vinegar as ftiJ*^*^..'^' mucli as be a sextarius and a half, then let these stand thus together for three nights ; after that seethe the roots somewhat in the vinegar, and wring them clean from the vinegar. Then put into the vinegar some honey with the vinegar ; then put a good deal of aloes therein, so much as may weigh an ounce or more, and as much more of mastic and of ammi, as a foreign wort liight ; or asarabacca ; put in less of them, mingle, however, all together, and then give him three spoon measures. Do this against burning of the maw and thirst ; mingle lukewarm water with the best oil, give to drink, that checketh the thirst. XV. For irritation of the maw when fJ/c man through the mouth has l)itter breaking or belching, or there is an ill lymph in his stomach ; take of pepper as much as one coin may weigh, of seed of dill as much as may weigh four coin, as much besides of cummin, rub all fine and administer in wine a spoon full when the man willeth to go to sleep. The swelling of the maw and the heat of the puffing up cometli from the black flegms ; but then take sponges, put them into sharp vinegar, wet it thoroughly, lay it over the maw, when it is such. After that, if it feel not this, or he insensible io these remedies, lay on some other applications, stronger and more austere, such as is copperas mingled with honey, and the like of that as leeches know. (■ XV i. 1. These are tokens of the hot fiegmatic ' maw, irre- tentive,^ and of the overcold. Of the hot or irretenti^■e 194 LMCE BOC. jemetpfBjfcan tacn finbon ];onne he bi'b raib omum jefpenceb |?am men bi6 {;upfc jecenje 'j neaponef -j jefpojunja -j mobe)" tpeonunj "j unlufc "j pliBttra • liim 1]" nyt' f he hlap jpicjen" on cealbum psetjie oS8e on ecebe^ -j fpiSe pgefte jej'oben sejjia o]7j7e jebjisebbe to unbejinef -j pyjica • ^j lactucaf f ly leahtjiic "j mealpan *j hgenne plsepc nasp fpipe ^^ej'oben • -j jofe ]?a ycmep- tan hmo • -j pixap J^a ];e heapb plsej'C habban*^ *j 1/ pme pmclan • -j ofcjian -j o}?pu pjyena cyn -j mylfce jieppla 'j bse]? op fpetum pejifcum psecepum fceal beon jepoplit hat b99]7 him ne beah. Taen^ |?sep opejiceal- ban majan f ]?a men ne J^ypfc ne hi fpol jepela]? on majan -j ne bi]? him lenij peapm j^jiopunj jetenje. fol. 72 b. Ac hy jijmaS metta fpi]?op j^onne hit jeTiclic fie -j jip htm opfconbej? on Innan seniju cealb paste )7onne fpipa'5 hie f hoph -j ]>a mettap jehabban ne majon pie hie jej^icjeaS • 'j septep j^am fpipaS^ pona htm to jipanne bibba^ • ]7a men }>u j'cealc fmeppan mib ]?y ele ]?e mon pepmob on feo'Se • *j J;a j^iccan jeupnen "rhpiga? on -j ]?a pliprnja-'^ psetan on J7am majan -j ]?a acoloban^ •j f opfcanbene ]?icce plipije hoph J;ii j-cealt mib ];am seji jenemneban Isecebonmm pyjiman -j J^ynnian. Pypc liim jjonne pypfcb]ienc op pinolef pypccpuman pmbe 'j ^ meppoft pie pte j-ix yntfan ^epeje -j ecebep anne pep- tep • 'j alpan jjjieo yntfan • yeop ]>onne on j^am ecebe ]7one pmol o]y f hit fie pel ^epoben appmj |?onne ]?a pypta op l^am ecebe jebo ]7onne to J'am ecebe clfenej' huni^ef punb yeo]) ];»onne setjsebepe o]) f hit pie fpa ]?icce fpa hunij fceab jwnne ];a alpan on pel jegnibene fol. 73 a. "j r^le ]?peo cucle]! msel mib psetepe p beah pi]? heopt ece "j pi]? pelle psepce. ' Alexander Trail., lib. vii., cap. 5 ; p. 106, ed. 1.548 ;cap. .'3, p. .323, ed. '' oarpaKoSepficcv, ftheU finh . ■' From Alexander Trail., lib. vii.. 1556. I cap. 5; p. 105, ed. 1548 ; p. 319, ed. - Head J^icge. i 1556, for a few lines only. ^ Gr. fls &KpaTov, dipped in xvine '' T?ead fpipban ? unmixed with wafer, (as if brandy). ! LEECH I'.OOK. Tf, 1 9o maw are tokens, when it. is vexed witli inflammations, i^ook il. thirst is incident to the man, and oppression, and swoonings, and vacilkition of mind, and loss of ap})etite, and nausea. It is beneficial for liim that he should eat bread in cold water or in vinegar, and eggs very hard boiled or roasted, (at nine o'clock in the morning,) and worts, and lactucas, that is lettuces, and mallow, and hens flesh not mnch sodden, and the extremest parts of the limbs of goose, that is giblets, and fishes which have hard flesh, and periwinkles, and oysters, and others ; various sorts of peas, and mild apples, and a bath of sweet fresh waters shall be wrought; a hot bath will not suit him. Tokens of the overcold maw, that the men feel no thirst nor burning heat in the maw, nor is there any warm symptom incident upon them. But they yearn for meats more strongly than is proper, and if in their inwards there lodges any cold humour, then they spew up the filth and are not able to retain the meats which they swallow ; and after the spewing soon they pray that someivhat be given tJiem to eat. Those men thou shalt smear with the oil on which wormwood has been sodden. And the thick coagulated and the viscid humours in the maw, and the chilled humours, and the intractable thick viscid foulness, thou shalt warm and thin with the afore named leechdoms. Work then for the sick man a wort drink of the rind of the root of fennel, and let it be very tender, and such that it may weigh six ounces, and one sextarius of vinegar, and three ounces of aloes ; then seethe the fennel in the vinegar till it be well sodden, then wring the worts off" the vinegar, then add to the vinegar a pound of clean honey, tlien seethe these together, till it be as thick as honey, then shed the aloes into it, well rubbed up, and give three spoon measures with water ; that is good for heart ache and for epilepsy. N 2 19() I.^ECE BOC. Alexander \)e ]>i&\\e Ojjejimiclnii yjuclo |;oime oy ]>ve.]\e jelj:an ibid^ '"""*' cealbaii able \)iBy mai;an cymcS '3 J"io ojrejimiclo y]\\c\o KvfuSiii ot>ili'!. *j jijrejme)" ajiifc oy j^nej- hopej" ptxDran ]>e o}: ]>ani ina;!;au aovKi/xos. cymii 'j hie beo]> Ipipenhe ^ fj'a ipa Imnb ejx yona fecaS ])a mettaj- • ]ra,m ]}n j'cealt jellan cb\3iie -j lilur- co]i pni' 'j peab IpiSe jehsec ne fie co j'ceajip • ne ye mece ne iie co j'ceajip ne to puji ]>e ]m Itini j-elle • itc fnie]7e "j yest • jip - ojima^ce liunjo-^ cymS op un- jemerlicpe hsero ]>ssy majan 'j tybbepneppe -j? hie pyu ]'ona jefpojene jip hie ];one mete nasbbeu. yi]) ojimte- cum hunjjie ]?onne jcealr ]m yona \7sey mannef tihan bmb hi]- ytineptan hmo mib bynbellum teoh him pa loccal' -j ppinje )'a eajian *j ]'one panjbeajib tpiccije -y jjoune him pel ]*ie pele him j'ona hlap on pme jebjio- cenne iiep he oj^jie mettap l-icje • pele him ]pa mertaj' ]>-A |?e ne fien to paSe jemelte • late my It hjiyj^epep fol. 73 b. pkepc TjEcen • 'j hiopora • buccena tp j'yppefc -j jiamma • ^ 'j peapjia "j }?a ]>e i'pibe ealbe heo'S on peo];o]ipotum nietenum -j pujlaj- j^a J^e heapb pla3]'C habbacS • papa • v Ipan • teneb j^am (^e cealbe pambe habba^ ]>i\ fcealu pellan pel melrenbe mertaf )X'ellihte pifcaj- • "j culppena bpibbaf- hfenne phfj'C 'j jope pij'jm fpa betejie fpa piBtjian fien *j peplcpan pa ytineptan leomo • fpina \)eo'6 eaSmelte -j a^'OwS ^^J'y^^P 'j riccenii • -j fpete pi"!! )-el mylr jwinie ]3 aj-jie. .XVII. yi\) ealliim lipep ablum 'j jecynbnm 'j pa^f-cmiim 'j be ]>am pex j^injnm ])e Sone lipeji pa?jic pyjiceaci 'j lacnunT; Vajia ealjia -j fpeotol tacn je be micjean je be unlufce ;^e hijia hipe. Sio h\]> on J^a fpij'jian 1'iban aj^eneb o]> j^one ' Tip ii.Kpa.rca oivo) ica). ruT? Anropo?s 7U1V i^iaj.iiruv. Alex. Trail., who goes on to order legs of pheasants, (iucriavi;' (xiv ruus /rrjpoi's. -Alex. Trail., lib. vii, cap. 6; p. 100. u!t. ed. 15tS ; p. 323, ed. LEECH 1500K. II. 197 2. Of tlio overinickk', appetite, when from the same Book II. cold disease of the maw it cometh that the overmickle ^f'- ^^■'• appetite and greediness ariseth from the foul hvimour, wliich cometh from tlie naaw, and the sick are spewing, and, as it Avere a hound, again soon seek the meats: to them thou shalt give clean and clear wine, and red, much heated ; let it not be too sharp ; nor let the meat be too sharp, nor too sour, Avhich thou ma-yst give them, but smooth and fat. If extreme hunger cometh from immoderate heat and tenderness of the maw, so that they are soon in a swoon, if they have not the meat ; then, for extreme hunger ' thou shalt soon treat the man ; bind the extremities of liis limbs with ligatures, pull his locks for him, and wring his ears, and twitch his whisker, when he is better, give him soon some bread broken in Avine, be- fore he take other meats. Give him the meats wliich are not too soon digested. Beeves flesh, and goats, and harts digests late : bucks is worst, and rams, and bulls, and those of four footed neat which are very old, and fowls which have hard flesh ; peacock, swan, duck. To those that have a cold wamb thou shalt give well digesting meats, shell fishes, and young of culvers, hens flesh, and gooses wings ; they are the better as they are fatter and fresher. The extremities of the liriiljs of swine '^ are easy of digestion, and young beeves, and ^ I'igs trotters, kids : and sweet wine digests better than the roucfh. XVI], For all liver diseases, and of its nature, and incre- ment, and of the six things which work the liver pain, and curing of all these, and plain tokens, either by the mie, or by tlie loss of appetite, or by the hue of the ' In Tr;illianu:j tliesc appliauct'S arc uicaut ior the fainting just nieu- tionod, AcnroSi'.u'c, 108 L^CE BOC. V nepefeo)?an fio htCfS pp lagppan helc ]?a lenbenbjiajban • lio ij* blobej' cimbep • 'j Ijlobep liuf • -j f ofcoji • ))onne ])apa metta meltunj bi]? -j ])yniief ])a becuma]? on ]>Sb hyeji ]7omie penba]? liie hiopa hip -j cejijia^ on blob • fol. 74 a. -j J'a unyefepnepya ]>e ]?£ep beo]? hio apypp]? ut -j ^ claene blob jefomnal? "j ]ni]ili jreopeji sebpa fpiJ?ofc 6n- )-enc CO )?8epe beoptan -j eac jeonb ealne |7one licho- man o]? ]7a ytmej'tan limo. be ]'ex J^mjum ]>e ]?one lipejipsejic pypcea5 sepefe jefpel f ly a]?unbeney ]>se\ie hyejy} 0]>e]\ ly ])iey jefpeUef cobepfeunj. Jjpibbe ly punb ]%epe lifpe • peopj^e ij* pelmej* hseto mib -^eyelneyye -j mib )-ape jefpelle • yiyte ly aheapbiinj ]><£y majan mib jepel- neppe -j mib pape. Sexte ly heapbunj ]78epe lippe bucan jep elnej'j-e -j butan fajie. hgepe lippe jefpel oJ?]7e apun- benej'pe ]>\\ mealic j)up onjitan • on ]?a fjnSpan healpe nnbep ]mm hnej-can^ pibbe bip gepefc ye fpile on psepe lippe *j 5epel8 le mon sepefc ])£e\\ hepijneppe -j pap -j op Jjsepe fcope opeji ealle ]7a fiban afcihS o]> f ])iJ?oban •j o]? 8one fpippan pculbop f faji • 'j hip micjje biS blobpeab fpilce hio blobij fie • bij? htm nnlufc jetenje •j liip hip blac -j he bi]j hpset hpeja hpipenbe • -j fm- galne cyle ]?popa]7 *j cpacap fpa mon on lenccen able fol. 74 b. ^ep • ne maej him mete unbep jepunian ]nnc fio hpep H ne msej ]?am pape mib hanba onhpman bi^ to ]7on fcpanj 'j nsey\> nanne j-lsep ]?onne hit ftpanjoft bi]? • ponne pe fpile tobypfc ponne bi8 feo micje Ij'^ppen fpilce popmp • jip he utyjmS ]?onne bi]? f pap Ifejpe. ' Read liyjie, | " Kead ncxcan, last? leech: book. ii. 199 imtients. The liver is extended ou the right side as Book II. far as the pit of the belly, it hath five lohes or lappets, it has a hold on the false ribs, it is the material of the blood, and the house and the nourishment of the blood ; when there is digestion and attenuation of the meats, they arrive at the liver, and then they change their hue, and turn into blood ; and it casteth out the uncleannesses which be there, and collects the clean blood, and through four veins principally sendeth it to the heart, and also throughout all the body as far as the extremities of the limbs. Of the six things which work liver pain : first swelling, that is, puffing up of the liver; the second is the bursting of the swelling ; the third is wound of the liver ; the fourth is a burning heat with sensitiveness and with a sore swelling ; the fifth is a hardening of the maw with sensitiveness and with soreness ; the sixth is a hardening oi" the liver without sensitiveness and without soreness. Thou mayest thus understand swelling or puffing up of the liver ; on the right side is under the nesh ^ rib first the swelling of the " Read laM. liver observed, and the disordered man there first feeleth heaviness and sore, and from that place the sore riseth over all the side as far as the collar bone, and as far as the right shoulder, and the mans mie is bloodred as if it were bloody ; loss of appetite is incident unto him, and his hue is pale, and he is somewhat feverish, and he suffereth remarkable chill, and quaketh as a man doth in lent addle or typhus fever ; his meat will not keep down, the liver enlarges, and he may not touch the sore with his hand, to that degree is it strong, and he hath no sleep when it is strongest. When the swelling bursteth then is the mie purulent, as ratten ; if it runneth ofi" then is the sore less. 200 L^CE BOC. . XVIII. \ip ]>8d]ie lifjic Ipile o5Se ajjunbeiiejye 31]: le utjanj p.)]ifirce htm ly on jrjmman Ijloh ro foplasceime on tebjic on ]?a pinel'rpan healjre pyjic litni j^onne bejjinje ))U)' "j yealjre o]: e]e -j ]iuban • -j bile -j oj: mepcej- febe I'pa micel fpa ]'e J^mce peoS eall mib ]^y ele -j J5onne mib hiiepcjie j?ulle bepe mib ])y pope lanje j^a Ipi'Sjian fiban -j ];onne opejileje mib pulle "j befpej^c pasfre ymb .111. nihr pyjic litm ept; onlecjenbe iealpe •j bepen jjiytce jeonb jocene mib pme 'j ]7onne jepobene -j mib ecebe 'j raib liunije eall ^ecjupulab ■j epc jepoben leje on ]?one j^iccepcan dab oj^^e on pel IpiSe' mib Ipa peajime *j on p ]'ap bmb 'j lipilum reoli mib jlsele oj^J^e mib liojme. jip pe ucjan;^ fol. 75 a. pu-^pitte mib pyjitbpencum ateoli liiiie ut. Pyjic op pejimobe • -j op Inpbe pyjice • -j op puban jtebe • bo aleoponej- hunije]' genoli co j-ele neahtnej-'cijum ciiclep meeL .XVIIII. Tacn be alpoilenpe 'j jepunbabjxc lippc laacebomap pi|? |7on • ^ be |)8epe lippe aheapbunje. Se Jje bi'S je- punbob ]7onne on |>a lipjie • ^ jip be ne bi]> |K)n pajjop jelacnob |7onnc becyraS he on ]7a able \)e mon popmfe fpipe]? • j^ip le jefpollena mon on ];iepe lipjie oSSc pe a|Minbcna ipa al'pollen jebit o]? |?one pip -j cpentijejjan bx^ Ipa ]e Ipile ne bepfce]; |70nne onjm'S fio lipeji heapbian jip hio ^ebyjiiu J>onne bi8 }ja3p pmb^ on ]nepc lipju'. piepe punbe cacn pmbon ]?onnc lio pimb ' llather (peiSc. -' licad ymnb, because hajjie purine follows. LEECH BOOK. 11. liOl xviii. IU)ok II. Ch. xviii. For swelliug or puffing up of the liver ; if the out- going ^ lodge, fltG hian must first be let blood on a vein, on tlie left side, then work him a bathing thus, and a salve of oil, and rue, and of dill, and of marcho seed, as much as may seem good to thee, seethe all with the oil, and then bathe with nesli wool witli the wash for a long time the right side, and then (.)verlay with wool, and swathe up fast for about three nights ; work him again an onlying salve, and lay barley groats soused with wine, and then sodden, and tJtls all triturated with vinegar and with hone^', and sodden again, lay on the thickest cloth or on a skin, swathe up therewith so warm, and bind upon the sore, and at whiles draw with glass oj- horn, as with cuppliKj glass. If tlie secretion lodge, draw it out Avitli wort drinks ; work sucli of wormwood and of herdwort, and of seed of rue, add enough of strained honey ; give the riiayio a spoon measure after his nightly fast. XIX. Tokens of a swollen and wounded liver ; leechdoms for that ; and of the hardening of the liver. He who is wounded in the liver, if he be not sooner cured, then arriveth at the disorder in which a man speweth purulent matter. If the man swollen in tlie liver, or the Idoated one, abideth so swollen until the five and twentieth day, so as that the swelling bursteth not, then beginneth the liver to harden ; if it bursteth, then is there a wound in tlie liver. Tokens of the ' Se ucgans would be presumed liainis, -n-fihs ifirppa^iv ViTraTos, the to be ffcce.s, the outgoing of the intc.'.lincs ; but, since this chapter must be based on Alexander Tinl- writer ought to mean, the outgoing ol' bile from the liver. 202 LMCE hoc. jebopfren bij? ponne fox's ]7U]xh ]?a pambe le utjiyne I'pilee blobij pceteji -j bi]? hip neb peab 'j afpollen • *j J)onne |?ii bim pme lianb petefc on J>a lippe J^onne ^epelj) he fpi]>e micel ' fap "j hip fe man fpiSe meajvo • *j op ]78ejie able cym6 pul opt: psetep bolla. pi]? jefpolleniim fol. 75 b. I'ajie. On pjiuinan mib onlejenum -j j^ealpmn fceal mon lacnian • fio j-ceal beon op bejienum ;5pyttum on leaje jefobenum -j op culppena j'ceapne jepophr mib hunije 'j Jjonne alecje mon j^a fealpe on hatne cla^ oppe pel o]>]>e cajican befpe]?e mib |?onne hnepcaS j^e fpile Ibna -j jebepfce]? mnan. bjnnce mulfa f ip je- inilfcebe bpincan iielce baaje • *j jate meoluc jefobene •-j psetep on |7am lien jefobene jobe pypta. .XX. Lsecebomap pi]? J^sepe lipjie punbe J>onne fe fpile je- j'ypfmeb tobypfc • Nim jate meoluc fpa peapme nipan amolcene pele bjimcan. bo eac to bpence nsebpan jepofihce fpa Isecap cunnon *j J?onne hie selcpa bpincan pillen bpincan hie nemne psetrep • ?ep jefoben op pyp- tum • on pejimobe "j on o]?]iiim fpeleum -j fpilca onle- gena fpa pe seji pjiicon. Ac mon j-ceal 8ep mib peap- V mum fppinjum --j hate psetpe be|>ian -j J?pean J^a fcope "j on })am ])8etpe fien jepobene laupef cpoppan "j hipbe- fol. 76 a. yj]^^ '^ ^f eopSjealla "j pepmob mib ]?y ]ni J;a fajian ftopa lanje sepeft hepe 'j Iset jieocan on • jip })onne pio punb fpiSe potije j^sepe lippe o]? p he f pupfm op muSe hpsece • jepypce him ^emilfcabe bpincan • f ip y micel bsel bepyllebef psetepef on Imnije]- gobum baele • ' Mice, MS. LEECH BOOK. II. 203 wound are these ; when the wound is bursten out then Rook ii. the outrunning throvigh the wamb is as it were bloody ^^^- water, and tlte mans face is red and swollen ; and when thou settest thine hand upon the liver then the man feeleth very much soreness, and the man is very tender, and from this disorder there cometh full oft a dropsy. For a swollen sore : at starting one shall cure with onlayings, that is, external applications, and salves ; the salve shall be of barley gToats sodden in ley, and of culvers sharn wrought with honey, and then let one lay the salve on a hot cloth, or on a skin, or on paper, beswathe with that, the swelling soon becometh nesh and bursteth within. Let the onan drink " mulsum," that is, dulcet drinks, every day, and goats milk sodden, and water on which good worts have been sodden. XX. Leechdoms for the abscess ot the liver, when the purulent swelling bursteth ; take goats milk so warm, newly milked, give the WjOjU that to drink. Form also into a potion an adder, wrought so as leeches ken how to work it, and when the sick will to drink anytliing, let them drink nothing but water previously sodden with worts, on wormwood and on other such, and such onlayings as we before wrote of But one shall previously batlie and wash the places with warm squirtings and with hot water, and on the water let there be sodden bunches of laurel berries or floivers, and herdwort, that is, earth gall, and wormwood ; with these do thou long previously foment the sore places, and make the reek smoke them. If further the wound of the liver be very ratteny, so much as that the man hreaketh the ratten from his mouth, let him work himself a mulled drink, that is, a mickle deal of boiled water in a good deal of honey ; from it shall the scum 204 L^CE BOC. o]: \rdin jceal beon ]> jiot gelome aboii |7enbeii hit mon pels o]> ^ f ]>x]\ nan ne fie • liet ]?onne colian -j fele jwnne bjnncau." .XXI. ^Kippaiais. JDeli fine tacn abeajibobjie lifjie je on pani lasppum ■j liealoeuin -j jnlmenum. Sto aheajibunj 'iy on tpa pifan jepab. Oj^eji bij? on ppuman sep l?on );o lenij o)?e]i eappe]?e on lifjie became • o]?ejiu seprcji o]?]ium eap- }:e]mm jysepe lippe cymS • fio bi]? buran fape • ^j j^onne fe man mere j)!^^ |;onne apyjipS he epc -j onpenbej? hif hip -j hsejrS unjepealbene panibe "j ]>a micjean • *j |?onne J^n Sine hanba ferfc upan on ])a hppe jjonne beoS fpa hepii^e fpa fran -j ne bi]) j-ap • jip ]> lan-^e i'pa bi]7 ]7onne [^ehtep]^ hir on unej^elicne^ pjBtepbollan, fol. 76 b. 6alle* ]?a blapunje -j ])a pehuaf ]?a ]?e Leo]? ^ehp^ep ;5eonb ]>one hchoman • J a enma'cj op hacnm blobe -j peallenbum • fpa bi'cS eac fpilce on Sfepe hppe ro onji- ranne hpiie]?e]i fio hteco 'j flo ablapuuj fie on ]?a3pe bpjie pelpjie on ]>am pihnenum • 'j on ]'am ])m5um ]7e ymburan j^a hppe beo]' • '^j lip?B])ep hio fie on Sam hpepbyluni 'j hieppum l^e on ];am hpejilioliim -j heal- cuni ])c on j;ain btielum ba3in. bonne pe Isece ]? onjit I'unno iniQ-^ he j^one Igecebom J7e jiaSoji pmban • ^ip iynb j'a racn • jtp fio ablapim^T; i'lo hate b]]> on )iiej\e !ip]ic oppum oSSe bylliin }'onne bi]) ]nep micel ajmnbene]' "j jrepeji mib fpeopunja'' omena -j fcin- l^enbe faji o}> ]?a, pij^oban oS Sa eaxle -j h]7ofca -j neaponep bpeofra • "j majie hepijnep ponne j'ap • *-j ' MS. has oil. ; ' Tiiesc words are found in Alex- ■-' This passage may he from Plii- j ander Trallianus, vii. 19 ; p. 126, lagrios on the preparation of aTTiiyueA.!, ed. 1.548. as preserved in Xikolaos Jlyreph- . ' Jiead rj'eohinj^a, from tlic words ios, V. 3. I Kal TTvpcTov tTTifpfixi h-avcruOr]. ^ For iiuc)>eit'acne. i LEECH V.nOK. H. 2():> be frequeatly removed, while it is a boiling, till that H.tok ll. there be none there; then let it cool, :ui(l then give it ^-h- xx. to be drunk. Here are tokens of ;i hardened liver, wliether on the lobes or the hulks, that is, ike hollows of if, or the films and menihranes. The hardening occurs in two ways; the one is in the outset before any other mis- chief Cometh upon the liver ; the second cometh after other mischiefs of the liver ; it is without sore, and Avhen the man taketh meat, then he casteth if up again, and changeth his luie, and hath not under con- trol his Avamb and his mie ; and wlien thou settest thine hand from above upon the liver, then it is as heavy as a stone and is not sore : if that continues long so, then it involves a not easily cured ]5 j-ap fceajippe jjonne ]??ey pehnej- yaji j)e on |?8epe lifpe ]'elj:jie beoS • -j ]?u meaht be J>on onjitan f fio abl bi]? Jjsepe hpjie Ijepj^um -j ofjium. jtp ponne fio lipjie aheajibunj "j j'lo abl *j j-io ablapnnj hip on ])se]\e hpjie healcum -j holocum jecenneb |7onne Jiinc]? him fona on pjiuman ]3 fio psete fpi]?op ni]ro]i jepite ];onne hio upfrije • -j fe mon jefpojunja ]?jiopaS -j mobef jefpte- j^punja • ne msej him fe hchoma batian ac he bi5 blac -j ]?ynne -^ acolob *j ]:op]?on £etpil5 htm paeteji- boUa. .XXII. l^ip )?8epe jepelan heapbnejje Jjsepe hppe "Sonne ij- fto to beSianne mib hatan psetpe on J?am fien 3;efo- bene pypta.. pepmob • -j pilbpe majl^an pyjittjiuman • penojpecum hatte pypt • 'j eop^ jealla • J^onne p>a j-ien ealle jefobene be]?e ]7onne inib miclum fppynjum pa, papan fcope lanje • poplret fpa .ill. bajaf Pypc ]?onne j-ealpe op hpsecenum jpyttum ^epophc oS^e op bpipe V op pepmobe • "j op pme • 'j op appotanean 'j cymene • • 'j op laupep cpoppan bo hunijef to f pu J'yppe pele liim f ]?py bajaf • o]?pe ]7jiie pece him hojm on oj^J^e jloep teoh ut. Sel ]nT lacnafc jip ]m feo|?eft; puban on ele "j jpenne pepmob oS8e bpijne • -j hpit cpubu fol. 77 b. Pj ealle bej'e leje on upan • Iset beon ealne bsej -j eac pela baja pay pm^ fmfc to bonne -j ])am monnum fynb / to pellanne mijole bpmcan • pa pypt peteppihan • "j LEEnn BOOTC. u. 207 and more heaviness than sore. And when the upblow- Book II. ing is on the fihns, and on the veins which be in and ^ ' ^^^ about the liver, then is the sore sharper than the sore of the inflammation which is on the liver itself, and thou mayest by that understand that the disorder is on the lobes and margins of the liver. If moreover the liver hardening, and the disease, and the upblow- ing is kindled on the hulks and hollows of the liver, then it soon seems to the doctor that the humour descends downwards rather than ascends ; and the man suffers swoonings and failings of the mind ; ' his body cannot amend, but it is pale, and thin, and chilled, and hence there falleth upon him dropsy. xxii For the sensitive hardness of the liver ; it is to be bathed with hot water, on which worts have been sodden, wormwood and roots of wild maythe, a wort that hight fenugreek, and earth gall ; when they are all sodden, then bathe the sore places for a long time with copious water fomentations ; - leave it so for three days ; then work a salve wrought of wheaten groats or of a brewit of wormwood, and of wine, and of abrotanum, and of cummin, and of bunches of laurel berries ; add thereto as much honey as thou needest ; give the niutn that for three days; on other three set on him a cupping horn or glass, draw out hy that, ivhat comes out. Thou shalt treat the sick better if thou settest rue in oil, and green or dry wormwood, and gum mastic, witli all that bathe him, also lay it upon him,; let it be for a whole day, and also for many days these things are to be done, and to the men must be given dim^etic drinks ; give thou him ' Xeiirodvfjdas for the two. - Medicated baths were well known, as to Oribasios. '20H L.-ECE ROC. hile . "j niejicej' j-a^b oS'Se py)itt)uiman mib hunije yele |>u Iniu relce ba^je bjiincan • "i;!}: hmi >t'}:eji ue fie yc •j) inib pme tejrceji pon o]?pe pyjitbpenca]' yculon ]-i]j];an j> jefpel bi)? jehpeleb -j cobyplb -j pyjvS unfajipe -j ni|'e]i jepir ]?u]ili Sa pambe 'j fe man raih"5 po]iinfe • trala]) p he ]?onne hal fie • ])oiiiie beo]^ litm Co j'ellanne Aretaeos, fpijjofr ])a mijolaii bjimcan f'ze eall ]5 ypel ])uph Sa pambe 'j Jjujili ya, micjean peopSen^ ^V^J, f^<5on • ]>y Inep fe men peop]?e ])upli j)one mu]> jwpmf fpipenbe -j Imie liujiu pi]) bseS healbe -j pij^ jpene fepla pj: ]?onne pe fpile "j p popmf upfcib'b to )>on f ])e ]nnce ]3 hit moii fmjjan raa^je 'j tit po-^lsecan • pypc him ];omie pealpe repefc op culpjian fceapue -j op |?am jehca • -j e pe 88p ppicon |jomie ])u onjite ■]) ■]> 7;efpel hnej'cije 'j fol. 78 a. ^P^Ppi^S^ * I'onne hpm Su him mib ])y fnib ij-ene "j fniti Celsus, iv. 8. lye hpon 'j hftum ]> f blob m^eje tic puji]?um ]?ylaej' ]?ibep in ypel poliha jefije • Ne poplpec ]ni ]7?ep blobep Avi-t. Aciit, vl. Co f ela on !?enne fi]) • J'ylep ]'e feoca man ro pepij peopSe o^Se fpylce • ac |)onne )ju hic Cofcinje o]>)>e fnij^e ponne hapa j^e linenne pseclan jeapone ■]> ];ii •]> bolh pona mib poppjiibe • -j j^onne ]m hic epc ma Isecan pille reoh j?one paeclan op Iter lychim fpa o])|J liic abpujie • 'j J;onne fio punb fie clasne • ^epyme ];onne f ]5 ]>y]iel co neajio ne fie • ac j^ii liie relce baeje mib pipau jeonb fpsec • *j a|?peah mib pam pin- ' Read peoji^V. ' The words are not from Tral- lianus, but he speaks in the same order of apxo/ie'cTjs irimaOui r^y (pKfjIxovTi^ Kol yap St' ovpcov viroKAfn- TETai Kol (TfxiKpvveraL 6 o^/coj. VOL. II. O - TU T/jS Tre'vf/eoiy arijj.e1a aaii oj^lej^e )?e J>a jmnbe clsenjneu •' pj: Ino ipij?0]i miiyfpe peojipe ckenj'a" mib liunije -j jelsec ejic ■cojsebejie. Gyz ]?onne feo iinjefelbe aheapbunj J>8e]\e lij-'pe to lanjlum pyjvb . Jjonne pypc]? hio pteceji boUan ])one ])e mon jelacman iie 111835. -^^ ^^^^^ pceal j'ona on ppiiman ]>& teji jenemnebau bej^un^a • ne bjnnce lie nipej- nabc • -j jip j-e bpepfioca mon blobep to fela lifiebbe ]?onne j'ceal htm mon reji eaUum o])pum Isece- bomum blob Irecau op j^am fpiSpan eajime on ]?se]ie nj|?eppan asbpe • jip Ja mon ue mgeje pajie jejiebian j^onne j-ceal mon on [aepe mibbel sebjie blob l^etan • })a |)e f ne bo]) on micel eappe]?um becumaS. .XXIII.'^ IDpfTt him iie to pojijanne on lipeji able hj'set him lie to healbanne je on IjECebomum je on mete • po]i- \/ ]>on ip ]^ea]ip micel ^ mon nau]?eji ne pealpa ne baj?u • ne onle-^ena ?e]i to nybe • asji him mon blob Isete j^am V J'e pel a blobej^p hsep -^ septeyi ]?on ]7e pe lichoma lie J>ujih ]>ii bloblsepe jeclsenpab -^ );pef mannep bileopa*^ if CO bej'ceapianne • sepefc him jp to j-ellanne f ];one mnoS fcille -j fme]7e • ne fie pceajip ne to apop • ne plitenbe • ne fpijene • relc b]\o]> ip to popjanne poji ];on ])e hit bij) jnnbenbe "j ypele paetan ]'ypie]; • jejjui fiiit to popjanne pop]7on])e hipa p?ete biS pset -j mapan hiBto pyjicS • hlapej- cjiuman jip hie beoj^ op- |>a?nbe oj^j^e jepobene fint to Jncjanne ac na to fpiSe • oj)jie j'tetan' mete jeajipa -j cocnunja ealle fmt to }:o]ibeobanne • 'j eal ];'a ppetan ]nn^ -^ ]>{i fraepepijan *j ofcephlapaf ^ 'j eall f])ete jnnj ]»e pypcaS ajjunbeneppe • je j^a pceappan a]-pan j^m^ fmt to pleonne* po]i]>on ]je ' clseymeu, MS. '-' claej-na, MS. ■'Alexander Trallianns, p. 127, line 9, ed. 1548, by the general sense. •■ Et aT/xa TrAeovafei. •'■ t;ecl8efnab, MS. " Alex, ut supra, line 17. " ReadhpaDtene ; ra Si aWa. iravra (riTwSrj. ^ The Saxon leech skips four i lines of Alexandres of Tralles. LEECH BOOK. II. 211 wash it out by those lueaus ; after that, hiy thereon liook ii. what may cleanse the wound. If it turn oft' very im- *"''• ^^" pure, cleanse it with honey and draw it again come together. Again, when the insensible hardening of the liver is of too long duration, then it forms a dropsy which cannot be cured. But one must soon at the outset emplo}^ the before named fomentations ; let him drink nothing new, and if the liversick man have too much blood, then one must, before all other leechdoms, let him blood from the right arm on the nether vein. If that may not easily be got at, then shall n man let blood upon the middle vein; they who do it not, come into mickle difficulties. XXlll. Herp we treat of what a onan must forego in Vwi-v disease, what he must hold by, whether in leechdoms or in diet. For as much as there is much need that for a man who has much blood one should employ neithei- salves, nor baths, nor external applications, ere he be let blood ; after the body is cleansed through the blood- letting, the mans diet is to be examined : first must be given him what may still and soothe the inwards, what is neither sharp nor too austere, nor rending, nor caustic ; all broth ' must be foregone because it is in- flating and worketh evil humours ; eggs must be fore- gone because their liquor is fat and worketh more heat; crumbs of bread, if they be moistened or sodden, may l)e eaten, but not in excess ; other wet [Avheaten j meat-preparations, and cookings up must be forbid- den, and all the moist things and greasy, and oyster patties,^ and all sweet things which work in- flation. Yea the sharp austere things'^ must be '■ Zs'juo. I ' Tix TTV(povTa; but just above -' boTTpaKiZtptia, shell fish. | afO)» translated Spiixv, o 2 212 LMCE BOC. ]?a finic jroptynenbe j^a mnoj^aj' • "j i^efamnaS ];one fpile \/ "j uny];ielice inelcalS • ]:o]i eionne seppla •' ne pm nij' co j'ellanne • yo]\ Son ])e hie liabLacS harne. h\\?e]> • ]?am i)" ro jncjanue linj-ceajip pin • eac pceal mon oxuinellif * j-ellan p biS oj: ecebe -j op hunije jepojiliC bpenc fu]?e]\ne • 'j ];onne onjin^ ];a3]ie liseto pelm panian fpijjofc jmjili i!)a micjean • "j him i]- co pellanne lac- tucaf*"'' 'j fu}?epne popij"* mnepeapb. Tacn'^ ]3 fe Ipile ];'pman ne nia^j • ne utrypnan on prppe lippe • p fe mon h?epS liepij yaji on ni]>epea]ib]ie lippe barium • emne fpa he pie mib hpilepe hpeja byp]>enne jehepejob on ]?aepe fpi]7pan healpe • 'j ntepS he pepjiep hseco on l^am bsehim • ]?am men fmt: to j-ellanne ]?a bpmcan -j yn Ifecebomaf j^a 6e pe Isepbon f mon bybe to ]?a^]ie fol. 79 i>. nnjepelan heapbneppe onjunnenpe on }?8epe hppe jeli- nej'cije mib ])y f pojifetene ypel • ^ip hpa ]?one la^ce- bom bej> CO j^e ]?a popfetcan j^mj ontyne *j ucceo a^^ji }»on Se he ]?one pojiheajiboban fpile jehnepce • pene]> f \/ he hic bete • jip ]?pep aht bi'S laspeb ]7a3]' heapban • ne ])et lie hit ac ]>ypc • -j ^'^pi^sj' ^^^^ \Y l^cebome ];a ]ia^'Can -j pip^ ]'« ipilt^ fpa heapb fpa ftan • *j ne ma^j lime mon jemelcan ne jehnepcian.^ .XXIIII. Pyjitbjiencaj- pit) eallum hpeji ablum • pypce mon CO bjiencum hpeji feocum mannum • iiiepcef " pi^eb • bilep . pepmobep • ]?y jemece ];»e la?caf cunnon jnib on ppecep pele bjiincan. 6pt^ cofcep 'j pipojiej- bufc -j o}>pa pyjica ]7ifnm jelica bjimce .ill. bajap • *j hcje on ' For potai, ■pomegranates. - As before, foot of page ; miss- ing four lines. ' For TO acrap, asaiiim Europaum, and maum, meum. make a new chapter here, p. 127, line 6, ed. 1548. The Saxon ver- sion is free. ''■ This passage ends at Alex. Trail., p. 127, line 16, ed. 1548, ' For nardus keltica. Valeriatia c. , " From Alex. Trallianiis, p. 129, The Saxon perhaps moans G/oj/c/m/h , line 24, ed 1548, with omission of luleum. Cf. Dioskorid. I. vii. asarabucca and almonds. ^The editions of Alex. Trail. « Alex. Trail., p. 129, Ime 32. LEECH BOOK. 11. 21." avoided, inasmuch as they have a bad etfect in clo.sini; Book il. the inwards, and they collect the swelling, and it doth ^'''•-■^^'•' not easily disperse,^ hence neither apples nor wine must be given, since they have a hot breath or (ironia. The man must take a not sharp wine ; one must also give him some oxymel, which is a southern or Italkni drink, wrought of vinegar and of honey : and when the burning of the heat bcginneth to wane away, chiefly through the mie, he must have lettuces and the inward part of southern poppy. Tokens that the swelling in the liver may not abate, nor run off; that that man hath a heavy sore in the parts of the nether liver, even as if he were weighted with something of a burden in the right side, and he hath not a heat of fever in these parts. To such a man must be given the drinks and the leechdoms, which we taught one should use for the insensible hardness begun in the liver ; with them let him make the obstructive mischief nesh. If any one applietli the leechdom Avhich unlocketh and draweth out the obstinately lodged matters, before he hath made nesh the badly hardened swelling, he weeneth that he is amending it ; hut if there be aught left of the hard inatter, he amendeth it not, but harmethj and with the leechdom he drietli the hu- mours, and the swelling becometh as hard as a stone, and it cannot be dissipated nor be made nesh. xxiv. Wort drinks for all liver diseases : let one work for drinks for a liversick man, seed of marche, of dill, of wormwood, rub these fine into water in the manner in which leeches ken hovj, ami give to drink. Again, let the patient drink for three days dust of costmary, and of pepper, and of other worts like these, and let him lie on the right side for half an hour, and drink ' Tovs uyKova dva(popi}TOvs ijiyaC^rm. fol. 80 a. 214 L^CE EOC. ]>a ipibpan I'lban liealfe tib -j bjunce ej:t on cejiemic • Iiealbc hme ];onne yi]) eceb. pi)? bae]?' ]n]> pifaii -j beana • -j iiiepai" • -j pij> ])a Jiinj ]>e pmbijne rej^m'ou men I'yjiceii. 6ft; ^ cofc • j:enum jpecum j)ipo]i liapan cyjiblu calpa emfela • jebeaC o]?]>e jejnib -j apipte • jebo cucleji pulne "pssy on pin pele bpmcan Jnxm ]?e bucan pepjie I'le • Jmem Se pepep liaabbe ]3 "ip micel lireco -j hjiuS''' ]'ele J?am on peapmum paecejie • jelicje ]wnne on ]>a fpi|?paii fiban 'j alecje Lip lpi]?]mii hanb Imn unbeji beapob ajieabte heaipe tib.'* Gy-c j'yptbpencaf yi]) lipeji able • claeppan peapep .ii. lytle bollan pulle mib lytle hunije 5emen-i;be • bo peaji pulne jebieccep pmel" ro ]ele bjimcan J'jiy bajaf jip bpitt; yplej- on |7£epe'^ bib ie bpenc lacnaS. 6pr pilbjie mealpan feapep ]?py lyfcle •^ Koad yiiWv. bollan pullaii ^ jenienjbe pij? fpilc cu pietejief pele bjiin- can .nil. bajaf • *j ^ip htm hpib abl ^eten^e bib |;a robpi):|> pe pyjit: bpenc. Gpt ptn cymen -j buni;^ T;e;5nib toSorane pele bjimcan. Gpr ipij cjioppena on j'am monSe jejabejiob J7e pe hataS lanuajimp on Iteben • •j on enjlifc pe a^ptepjia jeola • ptp *j xx. ^ pipojiep eac Ipa • jejnib J;onne mib J^y felefcan pme • *j jehtete pele |7am feocan men neahtnefcijnin bjiincaii. Liiecebom pi6 lipeji able epc caulep tpiju o]?])e i'celan mib ]>am cjiop- pum abpije cbenbce bsepne to abfan jehealb J^a alipan" 'j I'onne ]?ea]ip fie jebo ];fe]ie abfan cucleji pnlne mib fol. 80 b. . XL jejnibenjui pipoji copna on (!alb fpipc liluttoji . . . ." jeba;':; jjonne pele bpmcan o|7pe ]-i];e nijon copn • ppibban frSe feopon. Lascebom pj]> lippe able ept laupe)' cpoppan -j pipopep copna .xx. jejmb fmale • jebo on bollan pulne ealbep pmep • -j jemenj "cojsebepe mib ' The text of AleX. Tra, 1528, j * This last clause, not in the text htiH $a\dvoiy, but Albanus Torinus of Alex. Tr., is in the Latin of " balneum."' Albanus Torinu.s. -■ Alex. Trail., p. l-'iO, line •'), cd, ' Add li)pe, omitted in MS. 1548. '' Some word, perhaps y\n, is ^ Otherwise found hpuN. lure omitted by ^IS. 7 LEECH BOOK. I [. 215 again in the evening. Let him withhold himself also K«>ok.ii from vinegar, from the bath, from peas, and beans, and navews, and from the things which work in a man a windy vapour. Again, beat or rub up and sift eostmary, fenugreek, pepper, hares treadles, equal quan- tities of all ; put a spoon full of this into wine, and give it to him who is without fever, to drink. To him who hath fever, that is mickle heat and fire,' give it in warm water ; then let him lie on the rio-ht side and lay his right hand stretched out under his head, f(jr half an hour. Again, wortdrinks for liver disease : to two little bowls full of juice of clover mingled with a little honey, add a bowl full of heated wine ; give this to be drunk for three days, if anything of evil be on the liver, the drink will cure it. Again, give to drink for four days, three little bowls full of the juice of wild mallow, mingled with two such of water . and if fever disease be on him, the wort drink drivetli it away. Again, rub together wine, cummin, and honey, give him this to drink. Again, five and twenty bunches of ivy berries, gathered in the month which we hight in Latin Januarius, and in English the second Yule, and of pepper as much, rub the-' lijijie abluni jmban j'ceapij- ]j]iy jebo on pme cjTOCcan -j ]>)iy Ducle l)o]lan pulle ])fecepel" opeppylle o]> |?ODe jjpibban bsel 'j Ipere fpiSe mib Imnije -j ]7omie ept opeppylle n/ j'ele bjiincan". Gpt pmcjieopep ]7a jjienan tpijii upe- ]>eajib ^ejmb on j5 pelefce pm pele bpnican. 6pc heo- jiotep lungena mib ]?iejie )>]iotan afppmblab -j aj^eneb *j abjujeb on jiece • -j |?onne hie pul pel abpujobe lynb jebpyte "j jepiib -j |>onne jepomna mib Imnije pele CO etanne lipep j-eocum men f ly lialpenbe laeceboiu. jtp lipep peaxe bpince fe man fpipolne bpeuc. bpmce ■^9 epc pucan asptep ])on beon bjioS "j msenije o]?pe psetan • (»]']ie jnican bpince pepmob on maxpypte apyllebe • *j fol. 81 a. nane oj^jie j^ascan -j ealipep hacte pyjit aj^ylle ]>a eac on maxpyjite bjiince ]7pibban pucan -j nanne o]?ejine^ pa3'can. (Djiuice teptep^ Ipeopolne bjienc ane pi|?e. .XXV. JJBli line tacn Ipeotol be pambc copum -j ablum ^ liu mon ]7a ypelan pa;taii J^pepe pambe lacnian i'cyle • I'onnc pamb abl topeajib lie }?onne beo]? ]>a tacn. ]?eiit - liie fio painb -j lipy^ "j jepelS jaji ])oniie fe mon mete j^ijeS -j punjetunja "j unliilb metep. Ciieop liatiaS^ lenbenu liepejiaS -j tojette]^ betpeox rculbjuiin -j eall liclioma luicce m?elum hepejaS 'j latia^ |7a pet • -j ]7a lipan papa lenbena pajuaS • ponne mon pap tacn onjite • ]wnne ip fe tepefta Itecebom bte^- pseften f mon inib ]iy pa pambe clrenj-ije^ f hio py ]?e ' Tlic cliango of gender is accord- ing to the MS. - Diokles apud I'auUuiu jiEginc- tarn : col. 376, B. in Mediciu Artis Priiicipcs, for five lines only. ^ Gravaiitur, Lat., healcia'5 'i ' clajj-nige, MS. LEECH BOOK. II. 217 iron, y-ive to the ■j'^cttient to dv'mk, and let liiiii lie slill. Book 11, For liver diseases ; put three bundles of rue into wiuc in a crock, and three niickle bowls full of water, lioil them down to the third part, and sweeten them tho- rouglily with honey, and then again boil off; give tkis to be drunk. Again, rub into the best wine the upper part of the green twigs of a pine tree ; administer this. Again, a harts lungs Avith the throat ripped up, and s))read out, and dried in the reek; and when they are full well dried, break them and rub them isDiall and then collect them with honey; give tlds to the liver- sick man to eat ; it is a healing leechdom. If tlie liver wax large, let the man drink an emetic drink. Again, for a week after that let him drink bean broth and no other liquid, next week let him drink worm- wood boiled in mashwort, and no other liquid, and there is a wort called ealiver,^ boil that also in masli- wort, let him drink that for the third week and no other liquid. Let him drink after that an emetic drink for one turn. XXV. Here are plain tokens of disorders and sicknesses of tjje wamb, and how a man shall cure the evil humour;^ of the wamb. When wamb disease is present then the tokens are ; the wamb turneth itself, and is fevered, and feeleth sore when the man eateth meat, and prick- ings, and loss of appetite for meat. The knees are slow, the loins are heavy, and there are spasms be- tween the shoulders, and all the body by piece meal' is heavy, and the feet are tardy, smd the muscles of the loins are sore ; when a man observes these tokens, then the first leechdom is a days fasting, that with that he may cleanse the wamb, that it may be the lighter. Well, ' Jack in the heclye ; Eri/simum I - citia occasionem,'' the modern alliaria. I translation of the imprinted Greek. 218 LMCE BOC. leohtjie j-ie • jt]: fio abl fie ]?onne ^it peaxeubc yxkc .11. bajaj' cojaibejie jtp liim msejen jelsefce • jip he ]? lie maeje yelle hiiii mon leolitej' lipsec hpeja to ]nc- l^aniie fpa fBjpu beoS -j Son' jeltc. Sume to )7a3pe parabe clajnpunja- feopaS iietelan on psetpe "j on pine • "j on ele • fume psepe peaban netlan tpiju fol. 'SI 1). :i;]iene • fume beran o]?]>e boccan'^ on jefpettiini pme feo|?aS 'j pella^ to jjicjenne • "j jip fio abl majie pypS •j fe peoca man ]5 mjipjen hrepS ])onne feo];an Iiie him frjienjpan pyjita 'j bo\> hpaet hpeja pipeji to ; Sceapijc inon jeojme hpilc pe utjanj fie ]>e micel ]>e lytel }>e Jjseji nan ne fie • leopnije be ]7on pe lasce liu him jnnce ];piet mon bon j-cule • jip ]> fie omihte pa>te mnan uubupnenu tyhte hie mon ut niib hj>um mettum fiii- cenbum -j ne Iset mne jefittan on ])am hchoman 'j ])y]iS jejabejiobu omi^; paete on psejie panibe 0(55e (»n ]?am fmfel|7eapme • -j nsepS j^onne iitjanj fio fcojj ac bib apyjibeb fio fcop -j ]*e maja onpent -j tobpocen ■j f heapob ajiputen *j j-aji • "j ];a Inno})ap ablapene "j liace pep] lap • "j micel jmpfc -j eallep hchoman abhi ))eo]iJ?a8 apeahte. Sceal mon laenian fpilce able jip he pf'pep naip5 • raib cu meolcum o'SSe jate fpa nije mol- cenc bpmoe. 6ac hylpS jip mon mib ea fcanum on- biepnebum • o]>]ye mib hatene ifene ])a meoliic jepypb fol. 82 a. .-j j-el|? bpincan • -j ^ip ]> bi]; jeonj man -j ]ni tib hsepb •j mihce Iniii mon pceal op eapme blob fpij^e hetan ■j ynib .III. niht bpnce ept pa meoluc. ' ^011, MS. 1 •■' I'aul, ^Egin,, as before. - cl8e|-nun5a, MS. | LEECH BOOK. 11. 219 if the disease be still on the increase, let Jam last for ^^''^ ^^■ two days together, if his strength will endure it ; ii" lie be not able to do that, let him have somewhat light to eat, as eggs be and the like of them. Some, for the cleansing of the wamb, seethe nettle in water, and in wine, and in oil, some seethe in sweetened wine twigs of red nettle green, some beet or dock, and give this to be taken; and if the disease groweth stronger, and the sick man hath the strength for it, then they seethe stronger worts and add some little pejjper. Let it be earnestly observed what the outgang, or /cecal discharge, is, whether mickle, or little, or whether there be none ; let the leech learn by that how it seems to liim a, man shonld act. If there be an inflammatory flagrant humour within, let it be got out by gentle aperient diet, and let it not lodge within in the l)ody, for then there will be gathered an inflammatory humour in the wamb, or in the small guts, and then the place has no passage out, but the spot is corrupted, and the maw is disturbed and upbroken, and the head is vexed and sore, and the inwards upblown ; and hot fevers, and mickle thirst, and diseases of all the body become awakened. Such a disease must be treated, if the iKttient have no fever, with cows milk, or let him drink goats milk newly milked. Also it helpeth if a mail with water stones' put in the fire, or with heated iron, turneth the milk and so giveth it to be dnmk ; and if it be a young man and he hatli a suitable time for it and strength to hear it, he must be fi-eely let blood from the arm, and let him drink the milk for about three days. ' Unclci'Htaud such stones as ■\vould bear to be heated and phiugcd ill AVater. 220 L^CE BOC. V .XXVI. Be pauilje colaim -j 51]: liio iiiiiaii puiib bij? liu ]? mou onjitaii iiiseje *j Telacniau • rejieli; jiy liijie brS 611 mnan punb ];onne bi]? j^sep yaji -j beotunja -j j;el'ceo]i]: • "j ]7onne hie mece j'lcjeaS -j bjiinca^ ]7onne plata'S hie -j biS hiopa muS jiul -j hju'cSia^ -j liipa iicjanj blobij -j f-cincS y]-"ele • bam mannum ]-ceal man jellan sejjia co jmpanne • bejien bjieab clasne nipe butejian -j nij'e bejien mela o^Se jpytca tojaebpe 3;ebpipeb Ipa cocaf cuniion • ]"elle mon neahtneytijum, Gft pylena j'eaj^ -j pe;5b]ui;baii meiije inoii piS apeopeii hunij pelle neahtneptijum. 6ac pi}? ]wn bo man jobc jealpa^ onlejena utaii to J7a pe p yjzel lir reou eaS- mylce meucaf 'j fciji fin -j l"me]?e. .XXVII, be pambe ini]-Senhc]ic jecyiibo oc^be jjaejie luijbyjibo hii ]y mou mseje onjican. bonne- hio biS hatpe T;ebypbo 'j jecynbo • J>oniie msej hipe j'ona lytel bjimca fol. S2b. helpan* ^tp he majia bi]? ye bjnnca Ibna bi]> peo paml? ^ ^ehepejob -j cloccec fpa fpa hiC on cylle^ plecjece -j je- pihb bpuim mettum jonne fio pgere pamb ne ];popaS )-eo ]'iipi'~ -j lio fpiSe pajtrjie jecynbo bij? ne j^jioj'a'S leo ]>ii]ifi:: ne hepijneppe metta • -j jepihS psetum meccuin. be hatpe jccynbo pambe- Sio pamb feo ]ye biS hatjie jecynbo i"io melt mete pel lpi]?oit ]?a ]?e heajibe beocS -j linea'S my Ice "j jepih^ peapmum mettum "j bpmcum • -j ne bi]? hipe jel'ceSeb ppam cealbum mettum nub ^eniete jej^ijbum. Seo J^e biS j^a^cepijpe 5ec3aibo lio hpepS jobe jipncjye metep • hio luepS jobe meltuuje fpij^olt on jjam mettum ]'e uneaSe raelte beoS • jepihS cealbum ' Ivcad j-ealja ~i ? - Twelve lines found in Aetius Tetrabibl. I. Seom. iv. capp. Ixxii., Ixxiii., Ixxiv., consecutively; also in Taulus of iEgina, lib. I. cap. Ixiv. ^ By the printed books ] ylle would Hceni to be the true reading. " Fluctuationes habeaut, si id quod " redundat, innatet." LEECH BOOK. TI. 221 XXVI. Of sickness of tho wanib, unci if it be wounded within, how a man may understand that and cure it. First if there be a wound upon it within, then is tliere sore, and grumblings, and irritation ; and when tliey take meat and drink, then they liave nausea, and tlioir mouth is foul, and they are fevered, and their discharge is bloody and stinketh foully : to those men shall be given eggs to sup up, barley bread, clean new butter, and new barley meal or groats made into a brewit together, as cooks ken to do ; let it be administered to them after their nights fast. Again, let one mingle juice of peas and waybroad Avith strained honey, and give it after the nights fast. Again for that, let one apply good salves, and external applications, such as may draw out that evil, also easily digested meats, and sheer and smooth wine. XXVll. Of the various nature of the wamb or of its caprice, how a man may rmderstand that. When it is of a liot temper and nature, then a little drink may soon help it. If the drink be more powerful soon tlie wamb is oppressed and palpitates, as if in cold it were ])eating, and it rejoiceth in dry meats. When the wamb is moist it doth not suffer thirst, and it is of a very moist nature ; it doth not suffer thirst nor heavi- ness from meats, and it rejoiceth in moist meats. Of the hot natnre of the wamb. The wamb, that namely which is of a hot nature, digests meats well, especially those which be hard and of difficult digestion, and rejoices in warm meats and drinks, and it is not harmed by cold meats, taken with moderation. That whicli is of a w\atery nature hath a good appetite for meat ; it hath not a good digestion, chiefly of the meats which be of difficult digestion, it rejoices in cold meats. Book ir. Oil. xxvi. 900 LMCE P.or U. 83 n. fol. 83 1) P meccum. be cealbpe ^j ]>gQZ]\e jecynbo ])ambe. Sio panib l"io (5e biS cealbjie oS8e ptetjie jecynbo oSSe mi]-by]ibo • htm cymS bjifejenep ahl -j unjepitpsej-cney him bi5 • '-J ponne fio }:o]ib]ui;i;abe ;5ecynho on ]mm i'mum -j on ]?am banura h\]> • f ]ni j-yn pojijjyjijiobe ))onne ne mi©^ raon ]?a jelacnian • pp hio )>onne bi]> mnoji on |?am ptepcehrnm fropum mib lynbjiijum I'rojHim -j precinjnm -j met'cum f mon maij jelacnian j'cnben op ])iP]\e hpjie fio blobpceapuni; jeonb jet ealne jjone hchoman. Selefc Icxcebom ip to fpilcum Jnnpim ■]> raon jelome nyttije picep^ -j ]>a pambe mib ]'y jeplea ]'onne hio jepyjimebu lie -j ba]/u op jien pretepe •j nije molcen meoluc nub hunije jefmejwb him beah • bajnje hme jelome on bseje -j hpilum mib ele fmipe.' IDim hylp^ eac f him pet cilb ' aetplape • ^ ]> lie •]> ;^ebo neah hip pambe i'lmle • him hylpS eac open baceii hhap^ "j pcellehre pipcaf on ))ole -^ -j J)one mete ])e pel mylcan pille. be hatjie^ *j bjiijpe pambe jtp j-io ])amb abhj brS hat hptet hpeja • eac J^sepe bpijnepj-e • ]>onne ne j'ceal he hunijep onbitan ac ealb ]nn j'losce mettaf • jip pio yple paste to micel fie • J>onne bnjon him cealb ]?a3tep 'j pceappe mettaf butan hastu • hpilnm beo]? J>a peetan on ])ie\\e pambe pilmenum • ];onne ]'ceal mon ]) piplice lecean -j pseplice clsenpian- mib alpan • 'j mib fpelciim lityjmenbum bpencum ateon ur ja hophehtan j^tetan. jjpiene mib \)y sejieft -j );onne pyjice leohte fpipole bpencap op ]i£ebice Ipa ]3 la?eap cunnon. be hgemebjnnjum^ eallum J>ypjium lichomum hsemebjnnj ne bujon ac fpi];oft ])yppum -j cealbum • ne bepe|> hit liatum 'j jjsetum j'yppefc liiS ]?am ceal- ban hatan* Ipijjoit pam Se hopnable habba'5. Spelcum maniuim beah \> liie htm T;efpinc anjefecen 'j hie pelpe ' Oribasius Synops., lib. V. liii. ; also Paulus ^gineta, lib. I. Ixxii, ■-' daepian, MH. '■' Five or six lineR found in Paulus JEgineta, lib. I. cap. Ixxi. in Med. Art. Priuc. * Read psetan from the original. f LEECH BOOK. TT. 223 Of tlie cold and inoist natnred \vainl>. Tho avjuuIi I'-coK II. wliich is of a cold or inoist iiatnie or caprice; on ilic man cometli disease of tlio ]»raiu and loss of his senses; and when the desiccated nature is upon the sinews and on the l)ones, so that they are dried up, then they cannot be cured. Then if this dryne^ss be more within on the fleshy parts, one may cure that witli change of residence, and wettings, and meats, as long as from the liver the blood gushes through the whole body. The l)est leechdoni for such tilings is, that a man should frequently make use of pitch, and strike the wamb with it, when it is warmed ; and baths of rain water, and newly milked milk, softened with honey, is good for tlie patient. Let him bathe himself frequently in the day, and at whiles smear himself with oil. It is also helpful to him that a fat child should sleep by him, and that he should put it always near his wamb. Oven baked bread also helpeth him, and sliell fishes in liquor, and (let him eat) the meat which will readily digest. Of the hot and dry wamb, if the diseased wamb be somewhat hot, besides, for the dryness ; then shall the ixdicnt not taste of honey, but old wine and lukewarm meats. If the evil humour be too mickle, then are good for liim cold water, and sharp meats without lieat. At whiles the humours be on the membranes of the wamb ; then shall a man wisely seek into that, and warily cleanse them with aloes, and draw out the turbid humours with such purging drinks : first clear the vjamh Avith them, and then work light emetic drinks of radish, as leeches ken how to do it. Of venery: to all dry constitutions venery is not beneficial ; but most to dry and cold ones ; it harmeth not hot and wet ones ; it is worst for the cold moist ones and them which have disorder of the gastric juices. To sucli men it is of benefit that they should seek to themselves exercise, and should dose themselves, without bath, and with a 224 L^CE BOC. bjiencen' Imtan baSe -j mib fmi]iene)')'um liie fmejipan. be cealbpe jecynbo pambe. Se ];e cealbjie jecynbo fie iiyctije fe jemetliee)' ypelep fpilce pe ];e bjiijpe oSSe pfetpe fie, Se ]>e liattpe fie fio 7;e5ab]ia]; oman • ba moil pceal jip hie ni];e]i beo'S Jnijih ]ni ])ambe ncj'ih- ran niih pyptbpence tic abon • jtp Ine tipfcij^en |>n]ih fpijijaii ]'ceal mon ape^ abon. .XXVIII. c -J pi]; pon^ pe mannep ]3 uYeppe hpip fie jepylleb mib ypelpe ptecan liojihelitpe p ]?am manniim jelimpS ])e on fol. S4 n. miclum ^ebpmce pel pebenbe mettaf jncjeaS oj'jye fpipa'S •j fpijnift: {leprep mete "j him bi5 plsetta jetenje • beoS jeonb b]a]>ene -j bi6 fio pamb aj^eneb -j hjia^cra'S Telome. Sam monnnm pceal ^ pellan oxumelle mib jipebice p ip fuj^epne Irecebom- "j ];onne fpipaS hie pona J^one Jnccan hoph -j him bij) pel. Geyf]\c'^ ])e Ireeebom |)up op ecebe -j op hunije • jentm ]3 j-elefre hnnij bo opep heopS apeo]; ]> peax 'j p lipot op • ^ebo Sonne Co ];am hunije empela ecebef |?a3p ne fie fpi]>e apoji ne fpiSe fpete menj to jsebepe 'j bo to pype on cpoccan opeji pylle on i^obum jlebum clfenuiii -j cpicum o]> ]5 hic fie jemenjeb j) hit fie an "j haebbe hunijep Jjicneppe 'j ne fie on bepjnej-j'e to fpeotol ]?aep ecebep appe pceappnep • jip fio pamb 111]? pmbe]- pull ])onne cym^ \> op plaepe pretan • fi'o cealbe p.ete pyjicj? j-apan. ])i]> ])on. j-ceal mon feo];an cymen on ele • -j mepcej- yveh • -j mojian fseb • 'j bilep • jip pe cyle fie mapa bo ];onne puban -j laupej- blebe • 'j pmolep j'seb jepoben on ele • jip ]?onne jit y fio abl ejle jebjnnje nine j^uph piipan o^be hojm fj'a ' " Victus attenuans," Lat. ver- ; ' Oribasius Med. Coll., lib. V., cap. sion of P. YEgin. xxiv. ; torn, i., p. 395, ed. Darem- ■-■ Niuc lines found in Paiilus { berg. Also Galenos, vol. VI. .^vgiueta, lib. I. cap. xli. | p. 271, ed. Klihn. ■ Kead rceal mon. LEECH ]]O0K. 1[. 22.') smearings smear themselves. Of tlic cold nature of tlio Book ir. wamb ; he who is of a cold mxture should avail him- ^''- ^^'^"• self of moderate discipline, as he who is of a dry or moist nature. He who is of a hot nature, with hini the luamh gathereth inflammatory humours ; these, if they be low down, one must get rid of by wort drinks, through purging of the wamb ; if they mount up higli one must get rid of them by vomitings. XXVlll. In case that the upper part of the bell}' is filled with evil sordid humour, a thing which hap- peneth to the men who in much continued drinking take nutritious meats, or who spew, and chiefly after meat, and who are subject to nausea, they are all over blown as tvith wind, and the wamb is extended and they frequently have breakings. To these men one must give oxymel with radish ; that is a southern leechdom : and then they soon spew up the thick cor- ruption, and it is well with them. Work up the leech- dom thus, from vinegar and from honey ; take the best honey, put it over the hearth, seethe away the wax and the scum, then add to the honey as much vinegar, so as that it may not be very austere nor very sweet ; mingle together, and set by the fire in a crock, boil upon good gledes, clean and lively, till Lhe TTiixture be mingled, so that it may be one, and have the thickness of honey, and on tasting it the austere sharpness of the vinegar may not be too evident. If the wamb is full of wind, that cometh from luke- warm humour ; the cold humour worketh sores. For that shall one seethe cummin in ale, and seed of march, and seed of more o?' carot, and of dill. If the chill be greater, then add rue, and leaf of laurel, and seed of fennel sodden in oil. Then if the disease still annoy, introduce this through a pipe or a horn, as VOL. IL P 226 L.ECE BOC, Isecaj' cunnan J;onne be]> f f j-aji apej. jip j^omie jit fol. 84 b. fio abl ejle bo fpacl co *j jelaupebne ele f ly laupe]' feap oBSe blofcman jemenjeb -j eac o)?}vu Jniij 51)1 j^eapf fie fece mon. .XXVIIII. PiJ? ]70n J)e men mete untela melee -j jecippe on ypele pseran -j feittan • Jjam monnum beah f hie fpipen • jip lum CO unea]7e ne fie • jejpemme mib pyptbpence >p he fpipe • f he mib jefpette pine jepyjice jip ]?8ep opejijjeapp fie seji mere f he fpipan mseje • pleo ]>a, V meccaf ]?a j^e hmi bylfca -j popb^jmunja 'j fciem on Innan pypcen -j to hjisebhce melcan • j^icjen ]>& Se 50b peap pypcen -j pambe hnepcen. JDpikim him beah f him mon pelle leohte pyptbpencap fpilce fpa biS pel ^eteab alpe. Seo psefce pypc]? -^ly hie mon ne bej> apej uneaj^lacna abla f ip por p?epc • h|j psepc • lenben p^pc "j Oft fcpanj pepep becymS on J>a men ]?e }>a able habbaS. .XXX. Qip ^ ]>u. piUe ]3 ];in pamb pie fimle jefunb ]?onne pcealc u liipe |;ap tiluin jip ]m pilt • jepceapa ?elce bseje f ]7in uc^onj -j micje fie jefunbhc septep pihte • jtp fio micje fie lytelu feo8 mepce -j pmul pypc 50b bpoS • oSSe peap ^ -j oJ?pa fpeta pypta • ^ip j-e utjan;^ fie Iseppa^ mm Sa pypt ])e hatte on fujjepne tepebmtma fpa micel fpa ele bepje • pele Jjonne to pefte jan piUe. baf pypta fmbon eac betfce to pon -j eaS bejeatpa • bete • -j ' The substance is found in Pau- lus Mg., I. xliii. - j'eap : the name of some Avort is omitted in MS. ; or strike out 'j. ' Four lines occur in Paulus of ^gina, hb. I., cap. xliii. LEECH BOOK. II. 227 leeches ken to do it; then it removes the sore. If r-.okir. however the disease still vex, add spittle and laurelled '' '^'^^"'" oil, that is to say, juice or blossoms of laurel mingled with oil, and if need be, let also other things be sougfht out. XXIX. In case a "mans" meat doth not well digest, and turneth to evil humour and to excrement, it is good for those " men " tliat " they " should spew, if it be not too uneasy to "him," irritate him to spew by a wort driniv. If there be extreme need that he may be able to spew before meat, let him manage that with sweetened wine. Let him flee the meats which work him mucus, and burnings, and heat in his inside, and which too readily digest : let him take those which work a good juice, and make the wamb nesh. At whiles it is good for him that one should give him light wort drinks, such as are aloes Avell pre- pared. The humour, if one doth not get rid of it, worketh not easily cured diseases, that is to say, foot pain, joint pain, loins pain ; and often a strong fever Cometh on the men who have that disease. XXX. If thou wish that thy wamb be always sound, then shalt thou thus treat it, if thou wilt. Look to it every day that thy fsecal discharge, and thy mie, be of sound aspect as right is. If the mie be little, seethe marche and fennel, work a good broth, or seethe juice of . . . and of other sweet worts. If the fsecal discharge be too little, take the wort which in southern lands hight turpentine tree, as much of it as the size of an olive ; give it the sick when he will go to bed. These worts are also very good for that, and more p 2 22S L/ECE BOC. niealpe • "j bpajyica "j ]nfum jelica jej'ohene {isti;?Dbj\c mib jeonje fpmef plsej^ce • J^icje ']3 bpocS • "j eac beali^ netle jefoben on pa^tjie • *j jepelo to ]:'iC5anne • *j eac ellenef leap *j ^ bpoS on Jja ilcan pifan. Sunie alpan leap pellaS Jjonne raon pile j'lapan jan • fpelc fpa biS ];]ieo beana" jelce bseje ro popfpeljanne -j })ifuni jelice bjiencaf ^ fpiSjian ^ip J^eajip fie j-ynbon to pellanne • fpiSoft on popepeajibne lencten seji J)on fio ypele psete fe J?e on pmtjia jeSomnab biS liie tojeote jeonb ojjejia lima. COonije^ men ]>se]- ne jymbon ne ne jymaS fol. 85 b. ];onne becymS op J^am yplum psetum • oSSe fio healp- beabe abl o]?]7e pylle paspc oSSe fio hpice piepJ?o ];e mon on fu|?epne leppa liset o];Se tetjia o]jj7e heapob lipiep^o • o]>]>e Oman. Fop])on pceal mon feji clcenpian* ]?a yplan psetan apej sep ]?on ]7a ypelan cuman *j jepeaxen on pmtpa • -j Jja limo jeonb yjmen. ])!]> j'ambe co]:»e V -j fajie • Imfpebep jei^niben oS8e jebeaten bolla pull • *j II. pceajipep ecebep opeppylle setjsebepe j-ele bjuncan nealitneptijum ]?am feocan men. Gpt leje bpeopje bpoftlan jecopene on ];one napolan fona jeftille]? ; 6pt bilep fsebej- lytelne^ S^jnib on pseceji j-ele bjimcan. ])i]> pambe coSe 'j pi]? mnepojian fape. bonne pop miclum cele pamb fie unjepealben • bo Sa Jnnj co ])e j^e be upan j'jiiton. Tip ])pep ]?onne fie ]??ep hjupep penbnnj oS(Se jepceopp • jentm J^jieo cpoppan laupef bleba jejiiib y 'j cymenep • -j petejipilian jynbpije cuclepap puUe • -j M pipopep .XX. copna • jejnib eall cojsebepe "j j^pie pil- fol. 8G n. menna on bpibba pambum abpije • a?ptep Son jentm ])8ete]i ^ejnib bile on • -j ];ap J^mj jehaBte pele bjnn- can • o|? ^ p j'ap jefcilleb fie. ])i]> ]?on ilcan jentm ..y lilap jefeo'b on jate meolce poppije on fuf'epne.^ ' Four more lines found in P. vEg. The Latin version, the origi- nal being unpublished, has merni- rialis for nettle. - The Latin gives, «/wa- as bia leap lecje on liif napolan, Sfx: heo- potep meajih jemylt; pele on harum psetjie bjimcan. To pambe jemetlicunje • jemm becan abelp "j ahjiipe ne ]?peali ]?u liie ac fpa lanje feoS on cetele -j pylle o]? f liio fie eal topoben -j J^icje ^ jeupnen • bo ];onne lytel pealtep to "j hunijep • V. cucleji msel • elej' cucleji msel pele bollan pulne. Gpt heapbehtep pojipiep jepo- benep^ j-ynbpi^ne pele jjicjean. 6pc ]?8epe peaban net- Ian fseb on hlap pele J^icjean. 6pt bypiijbepjena feap pelle bpmcan. 6pt plum bleba eCe neahtnefcij. 6pt elnep pmbe jebeacene fte penmjje peje on cealbep psetpep bollan pullum pele bpmcan. ^. XXXI. fol. 86 b. Be pambe copum -j tacnum on poppe *j on fmasl ]?eapmum. Sum cyn biS eac |?sepe ilcan able on Jjsepe pambe • -j on J>am poppe -j fmsel ]?eapmnm ]?e J>ip biS to tacne • f hie ]?popiaS ojimsetne ]?upfc • -j metep un- luft -j opt uc ypna5 jemenjbe ufcjanje hpilum heapb • lipilum hpit • hpilum opt on bseje litjaS -j ]>onne lyt- lum • hpilum jene • -j J^onne micel • hpilum hie^ pel jelyfc utjanjan • -j him ];a bypj^enne ppam apeoppan • •j jeopne tilian ac ne majon nabbaS f nifejen J7?epe meltunje -j bpopete'S blob • fpa pon jelicoft |)e tobjio- cen p8et. be hiopa liipe -j |?am napolan • -j J^am pseje- ' Jjicge, that is jncce. i •' Plainly a chapter nepl KcohiKrjs " Add cjioppan or the like. oiaBicr^as. ' Kead hme. LEECH BOOK. II. 231 2. For wamb sickness seethe rue in oil, and let ilw. ^]^^ ^^■ fiicJc swallow it in oil. Again, give him to eat a wild pigeon sodden in vinegar and in water. For wanib sickness, again, lot him chow leaves of laurel, and swallow the juice, and let him lay the leaves on his navel. Again, give melted harts marrow in hot watei- to drink. For moderating''^ the action of the wamb ;" Note, p. 165. take beet, delve it up and shake the mould off, do not wash it, but seethe and boil it in a kettle so long, that it be all sodden to pieces, and run thick, then add a little salt, and of honey five spoon measm-es, of oil one spoon measure, give the man a bowl full. Again, give to the sick to eat, separate, the to}) of a sodden leek, having a head to it. Again, give him to eat some seed of the red nettle on bread. Again, give him to drink juice of mulberries. Again, lot him cat after his nights fasting plum fruits. Again, give him to drink elder rind beaten, as much as may weigh a penny, in a bowl full of cold water. XXXI. Of wamb sicknesses, and of tokens in the colon and in the small guts. There is a kind of that ilk disease in the wamb, and in the colon, and small guts, of which this will be for a token ; that the sick suffer immoderate thirst and loss of appetite for meat, and often they have a flux with a mingled fsecal discharge, at whiles hard, at whiles white, at whiles they discharge often in the day and then little at a time, at whiles once and then much ; at whiles a desire is upon them to p-o to stool and to cast the burthen from them, and gladly would they attend to it, but they are not able,^ they have not the power of digestion, and they di'op blood, very much like a broken vessel. Of their hue, or ' Tenesmus. 232 LyECE BOC. jieofan • "j bagcj^eapme -j nepefeoj^an • -j milre ^ fcajie • beoS seblsece -j eal fe lichoma al'cimob • 'j ypel fcenc nah hi]- j^eljrey jepealb "j bij? f yaji on Sa fpiSjian fiban • healpe - on p'a pcape • -j |)a pambe fpi]?e jeneap- pob • -j eyt ppam ]?am napolan o]? ]?one milce • -j on }ja pmefcpan jisejepeofan 'j jecymS set: J^am bfBCJ^eapme •j iec ])am nepefeoJ>an- "j ]?a lenbenu beo6 mib micle j-ajie fol. 87 a. bejypbebu. penaS impipe Isecap j3 ^ fie lenben abl o5^e miltre psepc • ac Int; ne biS fpa • lenben feoce men inija'S blobe -j fanbe Jjonne J^am J^e milre psepc biS • ]?nibe]? Imn fe milr "j bi}) aheajibob on ];am pine- Itpan bsele ]?aepe fiban. ba pambfeocan men ]>popiaS on pam bsecj^eajime -j on Jjam nij^eppan hpipe "j lofaS him fona fio fcepn -j cele ]?p.opaS -j plasp o])t05en -j imho -j tihS mnan ]?one pop 'j on ]3 fmeel ]?eapme. .XXXII. piyye able ppuman mon msej ypelice jelacnian* on j?a ilcan pipan ]?e ]?a utypnenban -j septep uneS • jip liio biS unpiflice to lanje poplreten. On ppuman mon Iceal bsej oS8e .II. tojciebepe jepsej'can "j bep>an j^a bpeofc mib pine • *j mib ele *j pypcean onlejena op jiofan 'j bepenum melpe pi^ pm jemenjeb "j on hunije jefoben 'j mib ele on moptejie jefamnob leje opep ]7a fcape op ];one napolan *j opep ]^a lenbeno op ]?one bcec- j^eapm -j J^pep hit pap lie • Iset him blob pvLy -j ^ pete jhep on oSSe hopn *j teo p blob nt -j fmepe mib ele fol. 87 b. "j beppeoh hme peapme pop ]?on ];e cile bi]? pve]\e able ' Add -J. - The foniicr of Ihcsc synonyms should be erased. ■' Omit -J. LEECH BOOK. II. 233 complexion, and of the navel, and of tlio dorsal muscles, ''"'"'^ 'f- and of the back gut or rectum, and of the lower belly, and the milt, and the share ; they are horribly pale, and all the body is glazed, and an evil stench hath not control over itself,^'- and the sore is on the right » Eutcuii.sni. side on the share, and on the wamb, much troubled' bij it, and again from the navel to the spleen, and on the left dorsal muscle, and it reacheth to the anus, and to the lower belly, and the loins are girt about with much soreness. Unwise leeches ween, that it is loin disease, or milt wark : but it is not so ; loinsick men mie blood and sand ; on the other hand those, who have milt wark, the milt distendeth in them, and is hardened on the left part of the side. The wambsick men suffer in the back gut, and in the lower belly, and their voice soon is lost, and they suffer chill, and sleep is taken from them, and strength, and it draweth the colon from within and upon the small cut. xxxii. One may easily cure the first stage of this disease in the same wise as the outrunning disease, or relaxatioo of the bowels, and afterwards less easily, if unwisely it be too long neglected. In the first instance a man must fast for a day or two, and foment the breast with wine, and with oil, and work poultices of roses and barley meal, mingled with wine, and sodden in honey, and gathered up with oil in a mortar, lay these over the share, as far as the navel, and over the loins as far as the back gut, and Avhere it is sore. Let him blood thus ; set on him a cupping glass or horn, and draw the blood out, and smear with oil, and wrap him up warm, in as much as cold is an enemy in the ' It Roems best to consider seneajij'oh as for geneajij'obe, with termina- tion dropped. 284 LJfiCE BOC. peonb. Pypc liim j'ealpe }»ul' pij? pambe cojjum op cpicura fpeple -j op blacum pipope • "j op ele jnibe mon fmsele -j men^e tro^sebepe -j peax ealpa empela. peaxep ];eali Ifisfr • jip fio abl fie to ]?on fcpanj ^ pap l?ecebomaf ne onnime jip fe mon fie jeonj 'j fcpanj Iset; htm blob op mnan eapme op ]?8epe miclan asbpe Jjsepe mibbel sebpe. + This seems <^ Pjpc ]?up pealpe 'j fmi]ie j?a fapan fcopa, feo]? puban a mark of dis- t c ;_ i _ i i 1,1, /• content with ^11 ele bo petepj-iliaii to jip pu li?ebbe -j picia pypt- the text: pro- tpuman • 'j popij fi];]jan eal jepobeii fie bo ]?onne ]7eax miclan scbjie on p ele -^ pte 'f eall peop'Se to hnepcum peaxhlape f erased. hit fie hp0e]>pe fpi}>ufc jej^uht pealp fmipe ]7a ftopa f hit fie paji mib Jjy • fpi]7oft ]7one bsecj^eapm bapo pij? pambe coj^um • him op pealtum psetpmn fmt to pyjic-~ anne • jip he J^a nsebbe pelte mon hiopa mettaf. ]h]) pambe cojjum ept fpmef clape jebsepnbe -j to bufte ^ejnibene bo on fceapp pm pele bpmcan. Pi5 pambe co]7e gate lipep jebsepnebu -j hpset hpeja jejniben "j fol. oS a. on ];a pambe aleb him bi]? ]pe bet. ^ip pambe co]7um ept laenunj on f hpip to Senbanne • jentm japleacep ]7peo heapbu *j ^pene puban tpa hanb pulle • -j elep .1111. punb o'S'Se fpa ]>e J^mce • ^ebeat f leac 'j ]:'a puban je^mb tojgebepe appmj o^^e apeoh • bo to J?am ele clsenpe butepan punb hlutpef picej- piptan iiealpe yntfan • -j clsenep peaxeS .111. yntfan jemenje eal to- jfebjie bo on jlsep p?et • clsenpa ^ ]?onne sepeft j^a pambe mib bpencef anpealbbpe onjeotunje • jip f j-ap |7onne mape fie bo mapan ele to • jemenj ])onne ]?a j^mj ];e ic sep nembe jeplece bo on. pay l^^^S majon je pi]? lenben ece • }?onne mon ponbe mihS je piS poppej- je pi6 pambe -j fmsel j^eapmef ablum "j ut pajjtce je pi]? . ' ele is usually masculine. i - clsej-na, MS. LEECH BOOK. H. 235 disease. Work him a salve thus, against wamb dis- orders ; from live brimstone, and from black pepper, and from oil ; let them be rubbed small and mingled together ; and wax also; of all equal quantities, of wax however least. If the disease be to that decree strong that it will not accept these leechdoms, if the man be young and strong, let him blood from the inner arm, from (the mickle vein of) the middle vein. Work a salve thus, and smear the sore places ; seethe rue in oil, add parsley, if thou have it, and roots of rushes, and poppy ; after all is sodden, then add wax to the oil, in order that the whole may become a nesh waxen cake,^^ that it may be however a highly a ^ ccrote. approved salve ; smear the places, so that soreness may come with it, especially the fundament. Baths for warnb disorders ; they must be wrought for them of salt waters ; if none can be had, let their {the sick mens) meats be salted. For wamb disorders again ; put into sharp wine a swines claw burnt and rubbed to dust ; give the raan this to drink. For wamb dis- order ; a goats liver burnt, and rubbed somewhat small, and laid on the wamb, it will be the better for him. For wamb disorders again; to send medicine into the belly : take three heads of garlic, and green rue, two handfuls of it, and four pints of oil, or as much as seemeth good to thee ; beat the leek and the rue, rub together, wring out or strain, add to the oil a pound of clean butter, and four ounces and a half of clear pitch, i^erha'ps naphtha, and three ounces of clean wax ; mingle all together, put into a glass vessel, then first cleanse the wamb with the simple onpouring of a drink : then if the sore be greater, add more oil, then mingle the things which I before named; apply lukewarm. These things are valid either against loin ache, when a man pisseth sand, or for diseases and pain of the lono- p-ut, or of the wamb, or of the small gut, and for dysentery, or for diseases of the maw, and gripings, 23G L.'ECE BOC. niajan ablura "j clajmnja • -j pi]) pipa rebjiiim gecyn- bum. Sum co]m ip ])iG]ie pambe f ]jone feocan moniian lyfceS utjanjey 'j ne majj J^onne he ure beryneb bi5. pi|? ];oii j'ceal mon nsebpan aefmoju feo];an on cle • oSSe on burepan • o])]ye on pine on tmum^ piete •j fmijie pa pambe mib )?y • jtp fe utjanj fie pmbij -j fol. 88 b. P^'^P'S • "j t)lobi5 bejn^e mon jwne bEec]>eapm on jon;^- Irole mib penujpeco 'j niepfc mealpe • fume mib pice -j fmicaS -j beJnaS. Surae op pijenum melpe pypceaS bjiipaf -j cocnunja inib pealre. Sume bpeopje bpofclan jeceopaS "j lecjeaS on J>one napolan. . XXXIII. Be* ]>a3jie ppecnan co]?e J^e fe mon hip utjanj jnijih 'cone mu5 him pjiam j'eoppe pceal afpipan. ]de j'ceal opt: bealceutan -j eal fe hchoma fcmcS pule pelle hmi mon bile jefobenne on ele o8Se on psetpe to bpmcanne *j hatne hlap bo on ];oue bpmcan. bippe able eac pi}»- fcanbe]? tofnibenjie hpeajjemufe blob ^efmiten on ])a)p feocan mannef pambe. pi5 InnocS punbum *j pi]7 fmail ];eapina fape • on jobne ele jefpetne bo ];one fu]>epnan y pepmob f ip ])pucene • 'j oj^epne pepmob *j feo]? jncje ji f]'a htm e] oft: fie. Gpt: pi]? inno]> punbum heopotep meajih jemylt: on harum pjetpe j'ele bpmcan. ]h^ tobpocenum Inno]7um 'j fapum pilbjie mmran bpel je- fol. 89 a. el?enfa pel fpa micel fpa mon mse^e mib ]?jiTm pmjjiuin 7;eniman bo pmolej- psebep zo "j mepcej- cucleji msel • bo eall t:o5a3bepe jejnib fmsele • jebo J?onne on p?e]' pelej'Can piiiep .nil. bollan pulle • htece ])onne o]? j? Int: fie fpa hat fpa ];in pmjeji popbepan mseje pele ]7onne bpmcan- bo fpa ]?py bajap. pi]> tobpocenum Inno- Sum- cellenbpef pgsb pel jejniben -j lytel pealtep ^ebo on fceapp pm • ^ebo on -j jej^ypme mib hate jlopenbe ipene pele bjimcan. pi]? poptojeneppe mnan - heojiotep ' Ivcad tinenum. - Five lines fouud iu Uribasius Synops, lib. ix., cap. xvi, in M.A.P. LEECH BOOK. TI. 2o7 and for tenderness of the naturalia of women. There r.ook ir. is a disorder of the wamb, such that a desire cometh ^''- ^^^"• upon the sick man for discharging his bowels, and he is not able, when he is shut into the outhouse. For r,,, • that, one must seethe in oil, or in butter, or in wine, tion is found the slough of a snake in a tin vessel, and let him !"_|. ^^'^^ "■'^' smear the wamb with that. If the discharge be windy, and watery, and bloody, let one foment the back gut on the gang stool, with fenugreek and marsh mallow: some smoke and foment with pitch : some work 1)rewits from rye meal, and cookings with salt : some chew pennyroyal and lay it on the navel. XXXlll. Of the dangerous disorder, in which a man, they say, unnaturally speweth his fseces through the mouth. He, they say, oft belcheth, and all the body stinketh foully: let dill sodden in oil or in water be given him to drink, and put a hot loaf of bread into the drink. The blood of a reremouse or hat cut up, smudged on the sick mans wamb, also withstandeth this disease. For bowel wounds and sore of small guts ; into good oil sweetened, put the southern wormwood, that is, abro- tanum, and other wormwood, and seethe it ; let the man take that as he most easily may. Again, for in- wards wounds ; melt harts marrow in hot water, give it to be drunk. For broken and sore inwards ; cleanse part of wild mint well, as much as a man may take up with three fingers, add a spoon measure of the seed of fennel, and of marchc, put all together, rub small, then add four bowls full of the best wine, then heat it so hot, as thy finger may bear, then give it liim to drink; do so for three days. For broken inwards; put into sharp wine, seed of coriander well rubbed, and a little salt; put these in, and warm with an iron glowing hot, give it the, man to drink. For inward 238 L^CE EOC. liopn jebsejineb to alifan jejmben on mojitepe • -j Jjonne aj-ipt -j mib hunije jepealcen to fnsebum )-ele neahtnej'Cijum to jjicjanne. 6pt mm j)a betan ]>e jehpsep peaxa'S jepeoS on psetpep jobum bsele • j-ele l^onne bpmcan • .11. jobe bollan pulle fcilbe hme pijj cyle. be latpe meltunje innan • mm jeappan bpmce on ecebe ^ beah eac piS eallmn blsebpan abliim. be latpe meltunje Innan puban psebep .villi, cypnelu ire- ful. 89 h. jnibene . ill. bollan pulle jebo ]?a on ecebef peptep pulne opeppylle pele ]7onne bpmcan on fume pape nijon bajon. be latpe meltunje mm ]?8epe peaban netlan fpa micel fpa mib tpam lianbum mseje bepon • feo]?e on pejxep pullum pjetpep bpmc neaht neptij. Rseb bi^ jip he nim8 mealpan mib hipe ci}?um leo]?e on psetepe fele bpmcan. ba ])e pippa Iseceboma ne pma'S on ]nppe able })onne becymti htm on psetep boUa • lipep p^pc "j miltep pap o]7]?e jefpel micjean pojihsep bmp • pambe ablapunj lenben psejic on j^eejie blgebpan ftanaj' peaxa'S 'j Sonb. .XXXIIIL' Be )78ep monnep mihtum pceal mon ]?a Isecebomaf pellan ]?e J?onne "S^yo-^e fynb heapbe -j heoptan pambe •j blsebpan -j hu jeapep hit fie • fe |je ne bepceapa'S J>ip pe him fcej^e^ fpi]?op }>onne he hme bete. Se pceal nyttian jepopobep elej' ecebef 'j pmep *j mmtan leap jejniben on hunij -j pa unfme|?an tunjan mib J^y jniban -j fmipepan :• fol. 90 a. pi]? latpe meltunje. Olipatpum hatte pypt feo beah to bpmcanne. 6pt pyl on psetpe lilian jjypctpuman ]-ele to bpmcanne. Tip pamb po-^peaxe on men • pmol • coft • elehtpe • attopla]?e • ceplicep pieb • j'ypm melo In the margin are cyphers. LEECH BOOK. H. 239 gripings ; harts liora burned to ashes, rubbed small p«ok ir. in a mortar, and then sifted, and rolled up with honey into morsels, give to the sich after his nights fast to eat. Again, take the beet which groweth anywhere, seethe it in a good deal of water, then give of this to the sick two good bowls full to drink ; let him sliield himself against cold. Of late digestion ; let a man drink in vinegar yarrow ; that medicine is also good for all diseases of the bladder. Of late digestion ; nine little grains of the seed of rue rubbed small, with three bowls full of water (?), add these to a cup full of vinegar, boil them, then administer to be drunk for nine days, in succession. Of late digestion ; take of the red nettle, so much as with two liands thou mayest grasp, seethe in a cup full of water, drink after a nights fasting. It is advisable if he taketh mallow with its sprouts ; let him. seethe them in water, give this to be drunk. They who care not for these leechdoms in this disease, on them then eometli dropsy, liver pain, and sore or swelling of spleen, retention of urine, inflation of the wamb, loin pain, stones wax in the bladder, and sand. xxxiv. According to the mans powers one shall administer the leechdoms which are suitable for the head and heart, for the wamb and bladder, and according to the time of the year; he who observeth not this, doth him more scathe than boot. He shall employ rose oil, vinegar, and wine, and mint leaves rubbed into honey, and with that shall rub and smear the unsmooth tongue. For late digestion; a wort liight olusatrum, which is good to drink. Again, boil in water roots of lilies, give that to be drunk. If the wamb wax too great on a man ; fennel, costmary, lupin, attorlothe, char- 240 L/ECE EOC. on ealaS ]'ele bjinican. Tif mon }:ojipuubob fie • "j piS bjieofc psepce • cupmealle 'j bile pyl on ealo"S. Gpc jpeiie puban lytlum oSSe on liunije Jjije. jlTp mon fie pojiblapen j'Pe pmepmclan ' jebaepnbe "j jejnibene jemenj pi]? sejep ]3 hpite fmipe mib. pi]? pambe 51c- ]>an • bpeopje bpofclan peojip on peallenbe pseteji Icec pocian on lanje o]? p mon mteje bpincan p pseteji. ]?\]) pambe pypmum '^ mm ]?a miclan fmpullan ppmj •)) peap op peopeji lytrle bollan puUe on pmej- anum l)ollan pulliim fpa miclum pele bjimcan ■]> beab pi J) pambe pyjimum.- .XXXV. Be cilba pambum -j opeppylle *j jip him mete tela ne mylte • *j jip him fpac opja -j fcmce pule • ]?onne mon f onjite ]?onne ne feeal him mon anne mete foi. 90 1). jebeoban • ac mij'Senlice f peo niopnep j^ajia metta mseje htm jobe beon • jip hpa opeji jemet Jnj}? mete ]>iep mon tilaS ]?e eaSelicoji ]ye mon jia]?0'^ 3^*^o p he fpipe • -j jelfeji fie. jip hip mon jetilaS let }?83pe ypelan pajtan him becumaS on mipSenlica abla • bjieofr pro]ic • fpeopco]?u cealp ^ abl • heapbej- h]iip]?o • healfjunb • cypnelu linea^lacnu "j pam jelic • jip hi pop ];ifum ne mjBjen plapan Sonne j'ceal him mon pellan hat pfetep bjimcan ]?onne ftilS f jepceopp mnan "j clsenpaS* pa ]?ambe • Nyfcijen ba]?ep mebmiclum • -j mete ]fiG^eii -j mib pffitpe jemenjebne bjimcan picjen. ' jnnepinclan. Somner, Gl., p. GO a, line 32, also prints ]iine ; the Junian transcript of the lost MS. (Jun. 71, in the Bodleian) has jiine. The reprinter of the glossary [ A.lJ. 1857] altered to pine, erroneously, and silently. In the Colloquium jMonasticon, the MS. has innejunc- lan, torniculi, where the printed text [A.D. 184G, p. 24] gives pine- j'lnclan, torniculos : the edition of 18.'57, pinejimclan, torniculi [p. fi]. Lye is quite correct. The present MS. has always m-. - jiiununi in the contents. ^ Head ceajl. ■' clsepia'S, MS. LEECH BOOK. II. 241 lock seed ; worm meal in ale ; give him thai to drink. Rook ir. If a man be badly wounded, and for pain in the breast; ^''- ^^'''^' boil in ale, cliurmel and dill, Again, take green rue, a little at a time, or in honey. If a man be over much blown out, mingle with the white of an egg sea periwinkles, burnt and rubbed up, smear therewith. For hicket or hiccup of the wamb : throw dwarf dwostle into boiling water, let it soak therein long, till a man may drink the water. For worms of the wamb ; take the mickle sinful or sedum, wring out the juice, four little bowls full, in one bowl full of wine, as mickle as the others ; that is good for worms of wamb. XXXV. Of the wambs of children, and of overfilling, and if their meat do not well digest, and if sweat come from them, and stink foully. When a man understandoth that, then shall not a single meat be offered them, but various ones, that the newness or novelty of the meats may be good for them. If one eateth meat over measure, this case one tendeth the more easily, as one the sooner bringeth about that lie spew, and be eUipty; if one tendeth him when troubled with the evil humour arising from overeating, then come on him various diseases, breast pain, neck disease, disease in the jowl, scurf of the head, purulence in the neck, churnels not easy to cure, and the like of those. If for these they may not sleep, then shall one give them hot water to drink, it will still the -scour within, and will cleanse the wamb. Let them employ the bath moderately, and take meat and take drink mingled with water. VOL. XL Q 242 L^CE BOC. .XXXVI. Be milce psejice -j ]5 he bi^S on ]?8epe pmefcpan fiban 'j tacn 'psejve able hu hipleafe lue beoS 'j bolh V^ unea'Slacno • ]?a men beoS msejpe -j unjiote • blace on onfyne J>eali ]?e hie seji jrgetce psepon • -j beo^ hibeji- peapbe • -j pamb tinjepealben "j uny]7e mieje bij> hal • ac hio bi]? fpeajitpe -j jpenpe • "j blacpe ]?onne hijie fol. 91 a, jiiht fie "j pnseptia^ fpij>e bee]? pojito^ene • pp 'fio abl bij> Co lanjSum • becyme]? ]>onne on pseCep bollan ne msej hme mon ]?onne jelacnian 'cunje tinjepealben -j unfmej^e -j J»a bolh beo]? unea^lacnu J?a ]>e on liehoman beo^ -j hie beo'S on J'a pmfrjian fiban mib ece jefpen- cebe 'j on Sone li8 J^sepa eaxla be'opeox jefculbpum bij? micel ece "j on ])am jehpeoppe J^ajia bana on |7am V fpeojian habbaS eac lijiehte pet cneop trpucia'S. K>u pe v ittilce bi'S emlanj -j jgebejicenje ]78ejie pambe hsepS J?yn2ie pilmene fio hsDp^ paette -j ]?icce sebjia • 'j pio pilmen bi]? J»eccenbe "j ppeonbe J^a pambe 'j J^a mno- papan ^ -j J>a pyjim^ • -j tj- aj)eneb on ]?one pmefcjian nepefeo]?an -j ip mib fmehtrum limum jehaepb • -j ip on o^pe healpe bpab jehjimeS j^sepie fiban • on o^pe 'iy I/- Sam mnoSe jecanj. be hleahtpe ]>e op milce cym'5 fume fecja]) f fe milce Sam fintim j^eopije -j ^te pe milce on fumum bselum |?am monnum abeabije o]?j7e fol. 91 b. op fie* -j f hi pojij^on hlyhhan msejen. SoJ^lice. on j^a ilcan pifan ]?e ojjep limo J^jiopia^ untpumneppa pe milce ]?popa^ on ]?a ilcan pifan. Op cele^ unjemeclicum op hseco -j op bpijneppe op micelpe ypelpe pseCan pojij^on pixj> pe milce opep jefceap -j pona^ -j heajiba^ -j fpiJ>ofc op cele -j op unjemeclicjie psecan • j^onne cumaS J?a opcofc ' This chapter, and many more that follow, seem to be from Philagrios, as preserved in Trallianus. But such symptoms as "tongue uncontrolled," and " muscular feet," are not to be found in the Greek, as printed. - The letter or letters between mn and yajian have been cut oflf from the margin of the MS. ^ The words of Philagrios, in Alex. Trail., book viii., chap. x. LEECH BOOK. II. 243 XXXVl. Of milt wark, or acute pahi in the spleen, and that the milt is on the left side, and tokens of the disease, how colourless the patients are, and there are. wounds not easy of cure. The men are meagi-e and uncomfortable, pale of aspect, though ere this they were fat, and still are constitutionally disposed that way ; and the wamb is not under control, and scarcely can it he that the mie is healthy, but rather it will be swartish and greenish, and blacker than its right is to be, and the breathing is very hard drawn. If the disease is too longsome, then it turneth to dropsy, one may not then cure it; the tongue is uncontrolled and unsmooth, and the wounds which are upon the body are not easy of cure, and they are on the left side afflicted with ache, and in the joining of the shoulders, betwixt the shoulder blades, there is mickle ache, and in the turning about of the bones of the neck ; they have also brawny feet, their knees fail them. We tell how the milt is alongside and adjacent to the wamb, it hath a thin film, which hath fat and thick veins, and the film covereth and embraceth the wamb and the inwards, and warmeth them ; and it is ex- tended on the left part of the lower abdomen, and it is held by sinewy attachments, and it is in the one quarter broad ; it toucheth the side, on the other it is in contact with the viscera. Of the laughter which cometh from the spleen. Some say that the milt is the servant of the sinews, and that the milt in some parts is dead in men, or is wholly absent, and that for this reason they are able to laugh. In fact, in the same wise that other limbs suffer inconveniences, the milt in the same wise sufiers. We treat also of immoderate cold, of heat, of dryness, of mickle evil wet, since the milt waxeth unnaturally, and diminishes, and harden- eth, and mostly of cold and immoderate wet ; further, Q 2 Book ir. Ch. xxxvi. 244 LiECE EOC. Of mettum -j oy. cealbum bjiincan I'pa fpa yinbon cealbe ofcjian -j jEpla -j mij-Senlice pyjita fpij^ofu on fumepa J70mie |?a mon jJijS. bse]? him ejle^ fpi^ofc seftep mete -j haemeb ]>m-^ on ojrejipyllo. Sio unjemetlice h?eto ])33y milcej' cymrS op pepepablum -j op pepepef ' fpoUe -j on ylbo ^ pop blobe • biS apeneb pe milce -j ajpunben mib jefpelle -j eae hat lypt -j Ipolja bpm^ao able on ^am milte • |;onne pe mon pyp'S to fpi]?e yoy- hsec. Spa biS eac on pmtjia pop cyle -j pop ]>si]\a pebpa ^ mipfenhcnej-pe f fe milte pypS jelepeb. jS majon pife men onjitan hpanan pio abl cume be mif- fol. 02 a. jepibepum -j op metta *j op bpmcena j^ijmje -j ]?upli |>a]' l^m^ ]>n, ypelan psetan -j pmbijo pmj beo]? acenneb on ];am milte -j abla peaxa]? :• . XXXVII.'^ JJv mon pcyle jjone monnan iiinan 'j ucan lacnian mib hatum "j cealbum mnan inib lactucan • -j clatan • ■j cucupbitan bpmce on pme • bajnje hiiie on fj^etum psetpe. Utan he ip to lacnianne mib jepofobe ele -j to fmippanne • -j onle^ena jepophte op pme -j pmbep- jum -j opt op butpan • "j op nipum peaxe -j op ypopo • •j op ele onlejen jepopht ; OOenj pi]> jope fmepu o8(5e fpmep jiyple "j pi's pecelj* • "j mmtan • -j )7onne^ he hme baj'ije fmipe mib ele menj pi's cpoh. COettaf him beo5 nytte })a pe 50b blob pypceaS fpa fpa fmt peilpixap pimhte -j ham^ pilba hsenna -j ealle pa pujelaf pe on ' The Saxon has misread his text. I ' ^f>»> J^IS- - ])ebna., MS., with full stop. ^ The words of Philagrios, as before. Insert -j. LEECH BOOK. II. 245 these most often come of meats and of cold drinks, Uook ir. such as are cold oysters, and apples, and various worts, xxxvi. chiefly in summer, when one partaketh of such. Bath- ing is harmful to them who are splenitic, chiefly after meat, and copulation following on surfeit. The un- measured heat of the milt cometh from fevers and from the swealing or burning of fever, and in old age from corruption of the blood. The milt is extended and distended with swelling, and also hot air and hot weather bring disease upon the milt ; when the man becometh too much heated. So it is also in winter, for the cold aud for the variableness of the Aveather, that the milt becometh corrupted. We next treat that wise men may understand whence the disease cometh by bad weather, and from partaking of unholesome meats and drinks, and through these things the evil humours and windy things are produced in the milt, and diseases wax titer ein. xxxvii. We noio explain how one must apply leechdoms to the man, within and without, with hot and cold treat- ments; within, with lettuce, and clote, and gourd; let him drink them in wine ; let him also bathe himself in sweet water. Without, he is to be leeched and smeared with oil of roses, and with onlayings or pioultices onade of wine and grapes, and often must an onlay be wrought of butter, and of new wax, and of hyssop, and of oil ; mingle with goose grease or lard of swine, and with frankincense, and mint; and when he bathes let him smear himself with oil ; mingle it with saffron. Meats which work out good blood are beneficial for him ; such as are shell fishes,^ and those that have fins,^ and domestic and wild hens,^ and all ' Not iu the Greek. [ - Wild hens arc pheasants. 246 LiECE BOC. bunum libbaS • -j pipionef f beoS culfjiena bjubbaf 'j healfealb fpm« -j jate plsej'c -j pyfena j^eap inib hunije* hpset hpeja jepipepob • -j eal Sap pjBtan j^mj bpeof- tum -j mnopum ne bujon ne f ptn ip to j^icjenne fte hsetej? -j psete]? J>one Inno}?. fol, 92 b. . XXXVIII / ]Du man j'ceal |7a paetan "j ]?a ponpceaptan utan lac- man mib appum pealfum. Pic -j blutop eceb -j jepo- fobne ele menj tofomne leje utan on. pi]? J^am psetan yf le ]?8ep miltej- • mm pynbpij pealt o'S^e pi"S peaxhlap fealpe jemenj • -j jepepmeb 'j on blsebpan jebon ■^ lacnaS ]?one milte. Gfx: mm j-ealt -j peax -j eceb menj tojsebpe ^ beah • Nim ept jripleapan ^ pypttpuman • *j bpije pejbpseban ^ jebsepneb fealt ealpa emjzela pefe mib ecebe "j jefomna bo bpije pic to • 'j peax • -j ele menj eal tojsebepe bo on • Ne biS f an f f ^pi^e J^a psetan ac |?a aheapboban fpilaf j^a Se cumaS op J^iccum p?etum jiipejpum bet -j JjpsenS. pi]? plipejpvim paetum }}8ep miltep • Nim acoppenep pealtep ^ f pgetep ])e ]>&i\i op jse]? menj piS pa, sep jemen^neban* ]'^^Z- .XXXVIIII.^ yilj) pmbijpe a]?unbene]-pe ]?{ep miltef pop aeppla • -j Imuta -j pyfena sete • pop -j fmo3lj7eapme • pambe -j innepopan • 'j majan ]?a jeonb blapa'S. pij) ]7on beah pipop -j cymen • -j hunij • -j fealt menje tojaebepe. ' Philagrios, as before. - Abridged from Philagrios ap. Alexandr. Trallian., p. 477, ed. Basil. ^ This is perhaps aXtri Koi a(ppos a\6s, as above. ' Read senemneban. '^ An adaptation from Philagrios in Tralliamis, lib. viii., cap. II, p. 479, ed. Basil. LEECH BOOK. II. 247 the fowls which live on downs, and pigeons, that is. Book Tl. the young chicks of culvers, and half grown swine and -"^xxvh. goats flesh, and juice of peas with honey, somewhat peppered : and all moist things are not beneficial to the breast and the inwards, nor is such wine to be taken as heateth and moisteneth the inwards. xxxviii. Here lue explain, how one must treat the humours and the meagreness, on the outside, with sharp salves. Mingle together pitch, and clear vinegar, and oil of roses ; lay on tlie outside. For the evil humours of the milt; take salt separately, or mingle it with a wax cake salve, or cerote, warmed and put upon some bladder ; that liealeth the milt. Again, take salt, and wax, and vinegar, mingle together, that is of benefit. Again, take a cinqfoil root, and dry waybroad, and burnt salt, of all equal quantities ; soak them in vinegar, and collect them ; add dry pitch, and wax, and oil ; mingle all together and apply. Not merely doth that remedy dry the humours, but it bettereth and softeneth the hardened swellings,^ which come of thick slimy wets or crass viscid humours. For viscid humours of the mUt, take the water of carved salt, or rock salt, that namely which passeth from it, mingle with the things before named. xxxix. For a windy distention of the milt from eating of apples, and of nuts, and of peas; they produce infla- tion thi'ough the long gut, and small guts, the warab, and the inwards, and the maw; for that is useful pepper and cummin and salt, mingle them together. • Scirrhous. 248 L^CE BOC. Pi]7 fo^oj^an *j j^eaban ^ -j jeohfan ]?e of milre cym5 • jiWre harce fuj?epne pypt; fio 13' 50b on lilape t;o ]7ic- ^ jenne "j mepce)- fseb -j cellenhjian .~ *j perepplian on hlap becneben o]i\ie on pm jejniben . -j eac p beah pij? ablapun^e prej- milrej' • 51^ jjonne fio ajfinbunj ]?8e]- pmbef femninja cymS ]7onne ne majon }>af j^mj hel- pan • pop \0Tx Se ^ pile penban on psetep bollan -^ Jip nion CO ]?am );a pypmenban J^mj be]; J;omie ycj> nion j^a able,^ Pi]? milce feocum men liim mon pceal pellan eceb on ]7am fuj^epnan Isecebome J?e hatce oxumelle ]?e ^ pe ppicon pi]^ J>8epe liealpbeaban able "j bi^ebpan able • ^ Ntm lanpej- pmbe • *j bpije mmtran -j pipop "j puban ^ fseb .^ cofc • -j liunan • 'j cencaupian • ^ if hypbepyjit oSpe naman eopl^jealla fpij^ufc ]7?epe peap • bo ]?ap pypra on ]?one asp neuiban Isecebom on ]> j'op jai meabc jefeon aet j^am sep jenemban ablum liu j^u 8one fol. 93 b. oxumelle pypcean peealc.'' Alepep^ pmbe feo]> on pgecpe o}> j5 J?8ep ]?Eerpep fie J^pibban bsel unbepelleb • 'j V, pele j7onne J^sep jobne ceac pulne to bpmcanne on ]7]iy fij^ap Iset fimle bsejj^ejine becpeonum. ])tp ilce beah lenbenj-eocum men • ept J78ef blacan ipijep ^ cpop- pan sepefc • ]7peo • ept .v. j^onne .vii. ]?onne nijon • ])onne .XL J?onne .xiil. |7onne .xv. ]7onne feopancyne • bonne nijancyne • J^onne .XXL fele fpa sepcep bajum bpmcan on pme. Tip fe man lisebbe eac pepep pele ]7U ]>a cypnlu j^sep eopj^ipijep on hacum pjetpe bpmcan • ];ip lice beali pi]? lenbenpeocum men. Gpc eopSjeallan on pme jefobenne pele bpmcan. Gpc betonican^ pyl on pme j-ele bpmcan. Sealp *j onle^en piS milce psepce ^ MiXv^wvas, wavy movements, m.x\Q\\ 1 -rrevKiSavoy : rue seed is ir-qyavov the same as fiop^upvyixa. | ayplov ff-rrepfia. - aviffou, Al. Trail., p. 480. I " So far from Alex. Trallianus or ^ Taoe 7ap Trpocivcet, et o vhepus \ Philagrios. ouK avTiKa fvOivSe rvyxavei el de (^ai(pvris yeyivqra.L, tots ovdafxSss raura ffviJLipbepyp^t feo Iseppe leje jebeatene utan • Nim eac clseppan pypt- tpuman bo on eceb -j jate typblu^ Pypc J>onne to pealpe ■j bepen melo bo J^septo ■ pele him |?ip eac on pme bpmcaD. .XLI." y fol. 94 b. yi]> ]?8epe heapbneppe -j pape ]?8ep miltep • fpinep blsebpan mm fpa mpe jepyl mib fceappe ecebe aleje opep ^a heapbneppe ];8ep miltep befpe]?e J7onne ^ hio apej ne jlibe • ac py J?peo niht jjsepon p sefte jebmiben • seftep pon onbmb • J^onne pmbept J>u jip hit tela biS |7a blsebpan jelsepe -j f heapbe tohnepceb -j ^ pap jefcilleb. 6pt jemm ipiep leap feoS on ecebe -j opeppylle on ]?am pelpan ecebe fipe])an • bo J^onne on blsebpan bmb on f pap • pele ]7onne septep pyptbpenc fona ]?up je- pophtne ; ]?ij> heapbneppe milcep • ^emm eoji^jeallan jebeat oJ^J^e je^mb to bufre fpa fpa J?peo cuclep msel fien oSSe ma. bo fapman bufcep to cuclep mael J^peo • ' Read bo melu. - Alexander Trallianus,bookviii., chap, xii., p. 481, ed. Basil. ■' Alex. Trail., p. .500, line 8, ed. Basil; from Galenos. ■* The next chapter of Alex. Tr. is on the same subject ; but the receipts are not his. LEECH BOOK. 11. 251 vinegar, add meal and linseed, and barley groats, and nook Ji. seed of marclie ; lay on and smear •with this. Add ^^" -''^^'^• also blossoms of dry wormwood. xl. Again, when the mUt becometh upblown, soon it will harden, and then it is not easy to cure, when the blood hardeneth on the veins of the milt: then treat it with the before named worts, mingle the good worts with oxymel, the southern acid drink, which we before wrote of, they will cure the milt and will do away the thick and livery ' blood, and the evil humours, not by the mie only, but also by the other evacua- tion passage or outgang. Lay on externally the lesser herdwort beaten up. Take also roots of clover, put them in vinegar, and goat treadles, then work them to a salve, and add thereto barley meal ; give the man also this in wine to drink. xli. For the hardness and sore of the milt; take a swines bladder so new, fill it with sharp vinegar, lay it over the hardness of the milt, then swathe up, that it may not glide away, but may be thereon, fast bounden, for three nights. After that unbind ; then thou wilt find, if it be good, the bladder clear, and the hard fart made nesh, and the soreness stilled. Again, take leaves of ivy, seethe them in vinegar, and boil in the same vinegar some bran, then put this into a bladder, and bind upon the sore ; then soon after give a wort drink thus wrought : for hardness of the milt ; take earthgalls, beat or rub them to dust, so that there may be three or more spoon measures, add three spoon measures of dust of savine thereto, and three ' Such as flows through the liver. 252 L^CE BOC. y "J peallenbej' picey bufce]' ])peo cticleji m?el • appte eall j'ele ]7onne on pme neahrnej-tijuDi to bpincanne cucleji piilne • jij: be fie eac on jrejrpe pele Inm on hatuni "^ pjBCjie jeplecebum J?a pypta bpincan ]>y lasp p pic op- Ibanbe mib J>y oJ>pe bufce. Gpc Co milte feocum men ■j pij? eallum mablum • eceb pi]? jlsebenan jemenjeb pypc })U]' jlsebenan pmbe lycelpa jebo ]>peo punb on ^Ivey pa3r pel nucel • ^ebo ]7onne Ipsey pceajipeptan pmep ro .V. pepcpap apete ]7onne on hate Sunnan on fumepa ] onne pa liatoiran pebep fynb • -j J^a pcipan ba^af ^ lijntan J?e pe jeppitene habba'S • ^ hit fipije 'j pocije .nil. bajaf oJ>]7e ma • pi])]7an j^sef ecebep pele J^u milte feocum men cuclep pulne 'j fona jip htm ?eptep ];am bpincan • po*^ ]?on ]>e ^ ip fpi]?e fupanj J^am "pe f napa ^ sep j'ljbe. bonne beah ]np pi]? hunije jeyceb ^e piS fol. 95 a. unite able • je yip majan • je piS hpean je pi]? ]7on ]?e mon blobe fpipe* je pi]? eallum mnan ablum* eac ]?6n^ piep]?o *j 3ic])a fon ape^ be]?. bep Ipecebom beah je pi]? hpiepSo -j 5ic]'an • pyjic op ecebe j'eaxpealpe • jemm J«ep ecebep .V. cucleji m^el bo on nipne cpoccan bo elep bollan pulne to feoS setfomne fceab nipep fpeplep ptp cuclep mgel • "j lytel peaxep opep pylle ept o]? f hmx: eceb fie pojipeallen • bo ]?onne op pyj^e -j hpejie -j pi]7j?an fmipe mib }?y ]?a hpiepj'o -j ]?one jic'San. .XLII. (^ip omihtc blob *j ypel ])a3te on ]?am milte fie J7in- benbe ]?onne pceal htm mon blob ]?up hetan. Gip ])e ]?iiice ]? ])u o]?epne mapan l?ecebom bon ne bujipe • pop ' Road \>ou, that is, t)onne. LEECH r>OOK. II. 25.'] spoon measures of the dust of "boiling pitch ;" ' sift ]?e poji jibe • o])]>e pop 31050^6 • oJ>J?e poji unjepibepum • o]>]>e poji ucjnhtan • jebib )7onne o|7 ^ J7U mse^e • o^'Se ^ byjipe • jip hseto o}>)?e mehc ne pypne Isec him blob on |?am pmefrjian eajime op ]?8epe upeppan aebjie • jip ]f\i ]?a pinban ne mseje Iset op J^sepe mibmeptan aebjie • 5ip ]?u |?a pinban ne mseje liet op ]??epe heapob sebpe. j^onne jip mon pa pinban ne mseje Iset op J^sepe pme- fcpan hanba neah j^am lytlan pmjpe op sebpe • Tip hit fpi'Se peab fie o]?]?e pon |>onne bi5 hit j)y |>e fpi]7op to Isetanne • jip hit chene o])j;e liluttop fie Iret |?y pe l8e]')'e. Jp hpse]?epe fpa to Isetanne fpa ^ hphce msejen ne afppmje. .XLITI. hup ^ him mon pceal ];up mettap fellan on |?8epe able jefeape pyfan 'j Map on hatum paetepe 'j oxu- melle J?e pe ppiton sep bepopan pi]> blsebpan able fu- }»epne eceb bpenc • mepce on pastpe jefoben "j fpilca pypta -j mijole bpmcan "j ]?ynne ptn him ip to pel- lanne pel fcip f bet f msejen };a3p miltep -j pcellihte pifcaf him fmt to Jjicjenne • -j pujlaf J^a ]>e on pen- num ne fien. bip him if to popjanne • ne J^icjen hie pen pixaf • ne fee pixaf Jja pe habba'S heapb plsepc • *j jjicjen hie ]?a sap jenemban mettaf • oftpan • -j pme- pmclan*^ ne pa, mettaf pa, pe ablapan monnan msejen* ne hpijjepep plsepc • ne fpmep ne fceapep ne j^icjean hie* ne jate • ne ticcenep • ne bpmce^ ]>icce pm • ne mete ne to fpi'Se hatne • ne eac to eealbne. 6pt^ ' o««, MS. - l^ij*, MS. With the text compare, E,K- /xeva, Koi tCiv IxOvwv Ttavras eXedSeis Kol iTfKayiovs, &\\u>s re [«ai] robs ffKXripas Kul ■jraxets. 0pp. Alex. Tralliani, p. 496, ed. Basil. ^ y not p ; see note, p. 240. . ^ bpmcan would be better. ^ Kal avTiKa Kar ctpxV ''"'''' ^pos alfia TToAv e'/c rod apiCTepov ayKuyos aipripovv. 0pp. Alex. Tralliani, p. 427, ed. Basil. LEECH BOOK. II. 255 greater leechdom, for the want of might in the man, Book II. or for want of digestion, or for old age, or for youth, or for bad weather, or for diarrhoea, then wait till that thou may so do* or dare. If heat, or his capacity to bear it, forbid it not, let him blood from the left arm from the upper vein ; if thou canst not find that, let hiTTh blood from the midmost vein ; if thou canst not find that, let him blood from the head vein. Further, if that cannot be found, let Jdm blood from the left hand, near the little finger, from a vein. If the blood be very red or livid, then must it be let flow more plentifully ; if it be clean or clear, let it flow so much the less. Blood however is so to be taken from the man as that his vital power may not be unsettled". xliii. Thus shall the sick mens diet be administered in that disease ; juicy peas, and bread in hot water, and oxymel, of which we wrote before, when speahiAig of Ijladder disease, the southern acid drink ; marche also sodden in water, and such worts and dim-etic drinks, and thin wine must be given them, and sheer or clear; that will better the power of the milt ; and shell fishes are to be taken, and fowls, those, Tiamely, which are not dwellers in fens. This that folloiveth is to be foregone ; let them not partake of fen fishes, nor sea fishes which have hard flesh, and let them take the before named meats, oysters and periwinkles, not the meats which puff" up a mans strength, nor let them take flesh of bullock, nor of swine, nor of sheep, nor of goat, nor of kid, nor let them drink thick wine, nor food either too extremely hot 2oG L^CE EOC. blob biS 50b to laBCanne on pjian lenctene oj: pam pmfrjmn eajime. .XLIIII. Gpt; lascebom j-e p yjiel wc trihS Of ])am milre "j j'e beali to raanejum o];>]ium abluni • jemm jpene puban ^ ane bseje ?eji jeporana *j mebmicel pipojie]- • o]?e]i fpile cymenep oSSe ma • bo ]3 cymen ane breje seji oSSe tpam o])])e ]?pim on eceb abpije *j ajnib to bufte ealle JM]" pyjita • menje piS liunij afipen • jebo J^onne on jlsepene ampnllan -j pele J»onne cuclep pnlne ])ey beah y\]> majan ablapunje ^ mnoJ>a • hnej'ce]? J?a pambe • ]?ynna'S }?a oman bitpe hpsecetunje apej bej> -j bpeoft co|?e • -j pib ppepce • "j lipep able • -j lenben ppepce • -j milte psepce eal ]3 liht. . XLV. Ijfecebomap -j I'piS bpenc yi]) afpoUenum milce • acele fol. 9G b. JSu pealhat ipen ];onne hit pupjmm fie op pype atojen • on pme o]?]?e on eeebe j-ele ]3 bpmcan p pu mealit eac pellau pam ];e habba]? lieapbne liclioman • ne pceal mon lipsepepe ]nyne bpmcan j-ellan on popepeajibne pone ece -j pa able ac ymb pela nilita. .XLVI.^ 3DeR fjnbon loscebomap pip nsjhpaepejipe fiban pape -j tacn liu fio abl topeapb fie • "j hu p mon onjitan mse^e • -j liii Inojia^ mon tilian pcyle • ]7ap Isecebomaf pceal mon bon pip fiban pape • 'j ]ny fmbon psejie able • Koi /uV Kul (Troj.i.wiJ.aTus Aeirlj, ?;j/ iKiiVO fv x^\Keiois TrvpovfjLevuu re KOI avpq. KoiTTdjxevov airo^aWei, ffiip i/SttTi avajxefii-yiiiVT} iv iroTtJi ffvixtpipa. Opp. Alex, Trail., lib. viii., 13, p. 50G, ed. Basil. - Alexandres of Trallcs, lib. vi. chap. 1, treats of the diagnosis be- tween pleurisy and disease of Ihe liver. ^ This plural may refer to the raen or the Riban. LEECH BOOK. 11. 257 or too cold. Again, it is good to let blood in early jiouk ii. lent 07' spring from the loft arm. *-''• ^'"'■ xliv. Again, a leeclidom whicli draweth out the evil from the milt, and which is efficacious for many other dis- orders. Take green rue one day before it is uned, collect it and a moderate quantity of pepper, so much also of cummin, or more., put the cummin one day beforehand, or two or three, into vinegar, dry it and rub to dust all the worts, mingle iliis with honey strained, then put tliem into a glass })itcher, and so give the maii a spoon full. This is good against \ip- blowing of the maw and of the inwards ; it raaketh neshthewamb; it thinneth the corrupt gastric juices, it doth away breakings, and breast disease, and side ])ain, and liver disorder, and loin pain, and milt pain : all that it lightenetli, xlv. Leechdoms and strong drink for a swollen milt ; cool thou a fiercely hot iron, when it is just withdrawn from the fire, in wine or in vinegar, give the man that to drink. Thou may est also give that to them who liave a hard body : notwithstanding, this drink shall not be given in the early stage of the ache and the disease, but after many days. xlvi. Here are leechdoms for sore of either side, and tokens how the disease approaches, and how a man may under- stand that, and how a man shall treat it. These leech- doms shall be done for sore of side, and these are the VOL. TL R 258 hMCF. p.or. cacn' ?;elic lunjen able tacnum "j lifep psepcef tac- num. ha men beo]? mib hjiijnnjum fpi]?e fcjianjum pgecebe • *j micel faji on bam fibum. lOpilum cnyjjej? 'p yap on ]^a jiib • hjnlum op ep ealle fiban bi]:> f yaji • hpiltim becymS on 'pa. peo]?oban -j ept ymb lytel je ]>a jefculbpiu je efc Jjone nepefeo];an p pap 5]iet • -j V lipopab - jelome • hpilum blobe hpseca]^ • pmjale psec- cean J^popiaS • tunje bi8 bpije • ne majou jelicjean on l^sGpe pmefcpan fiban • ^tp on j^sojie fpiSjian p paji fo]. 97 a. ^^^^ • 11^ majon eac ept on pa fpiSpan • jip on pa pm- fcjian p pap bip • jepela'S p pa mnopap hi penbap mib hiojia hepijneppe -j on pa piban peallaS pe he on hc- jeaS • ?ep psejie able pap tacn beop • bip eac jeonb pingjia]""^ cele 'j cneopa unmeht: eajan jieabiaS peob^ "j beop heop -j pamij utjanj micje ajeolpob -j lytel bip pfiep mnopej- melrunj 'j ■'* rebpa clasppetunj • epunj biS paplic jehnycneb neb -j papa bpeofca bip beapij ptetunj fpa fpa fie jefpat • mobep elhyjb ceolan hjnfcun^ -j hpeonnj • hlybenbe fpipufc mnan piMa'6 op pam bsele ];e p paji biS hlmunje "j hlijiunje jnS pi})e]ipa3C • jip pap tacn lanje puma's • ponne bip feo abl to ppecen- lico 'j ne msej him mon jetilian • ahpa hpseppe pone mannan pe pip ppopaS hpsepeji he seppe )>?e]ie plejen on pa piban oS8e jefcunjen oppe hp^Bpep he lenje £ep apeolle oSSe jebpocen pupbe • jip Int p p^epe ponne bi'5 he py ea^lsecna •" jip hit bip op cyle cumen oppe op ypeljie mptetan hit biS pe uneaplsecpa.' J^F ^^^ ponne fol. 97 I). l>ip o?]i on paejie lipjie oppe on pam lunjenum jefajijob ' These symptoms are fully stated , - Bead hyoyza'S. in nearly the same words by Are- j ^ Aretseos accompanies ns no fur- tseos, Acut. I. X. Possibly the ' ther. diagnosis and the symptoms were I ^ Read "j bi|> heoj' peoh ? stated, as they are in the text, by ^ JJeapb or some word to express Philagrios. The Saxon author mentions mechanical causes for the sore of the side, as well as nosolo- gical ; he does not therefore confine himself to pleurisy. 2/cA?7/)o's is wanting. '• Read ea'iJleacnjja. ' For unea'Sleacnjia. LEECH BOOK. TI. 259 tokens of the disease, like unto the tokens of Inng Book ii. disease, and the tokens of h'ver pain. 'I'he men are ^^- ^'^''• afflicted with very strong fevers, and miekle sore on both sides. At whiles the sore striketh' upon the ribs, at whiles the sore is over all the side; at wliiles it coineth up on the collar bones, and again, after a little, the sore greeteth either the shoulders or the lower belly, and they cough frequently, at whiles they break up blood, they suffer a constant wakefulness, the tongue is dry, they cannot lie on the left side if the sore is on the right side, nor again can they lie on the right, if the sore is in the left ; they feel that their viscera by their weight shift place, and fall upon the side on which they lie. These tokens are before the disease. Theie is also cold all through their fingers, and power- lessness of their knees, their eyes are red, and red is their hue, and their discharge ^ is foamy, their mie is turned yellow,^ and the digestion of the inwards is little, and /i«rcZ the pulsation of the veins, the breath- ing is sorelike, the face twitched, and there is a dewy wetting of the breast, as if it sweated, a delirium of the mind ; a spasmodic action, and roughness of the throat, sounding chiefly from within, whistleth from the part on which the sore is ; the disease is unfavour- able to a leaning posture and to laughing. If these tokens continue long, then is the disease too dangerous, and one can do nothing for the man : notwithstanding, ask the man, who endureth this, whether he ever were stricken or stabbed in the side, or whether he long before had a fall, or got a breakage ; if it were that, then will he be easier to cure. If it is come of cold or of inward evil humour, it is so much the harder to cure. If further the man have been before troubled with soreness in the liver, or in the lungs, and the Nwo-o-ei, doubtless. I ' Thus the Saxon. ■ Expectoration ? | R 2 260 LMCE BOC. •j l^anan cyraeS fio^ jnbpfiejic ]?onne bi]; ]> fjnSe ppecne. Jip Int; on ];am milte bi]> re]\ ponne bi]' liir ])y oaj)- ^ ]ac]ie • 31}: he. jwiiiie bi]) a?]i on ]?a3pe lunjene ^epunbob *j jjanan cymS fe j-ibp^ejic ponne bi]; ■]> fpiSe pjiecne • 51]: hit on ]?am miltre bi8 seji • ponne cymS p ]-a]i on ]>a pmfcpan fiban • je ])a habbaS^ hepije yjiecenneyye • ahfa hme hpfe|)ep hmi fe miltre ]"a]\ fie o6Se hppe]?e]i htm fpeopcoj^u fie • fpa \)u meahc onjitan Jj ]>8epf fiban ]-a]i cymS oy. ypelpe pretan 'j bi)^ fpiSe ppecne. Tip him fe ut^anj pojifeten fie o6Se jemi^an ne mseje mib ^ fine]?jie onbounje pyptbjiencep ]>u]ih liojni oSSe pipan fio pamb bi]; co ckenfianne • ppecne biS eac ];onne ^ J^ppp peocan mannef lijiaca biS manijep hipej' ^j bleo :-^ be J?ipnm tacnnm ]ni meaht lippep fe man to lac- manne fie onjitaii hpteji ne fie • hpcep mon imfopte jetilaS on pojiepeapbe J)a able ]?onne p fap rejiefr jefcihS on pa fculbpu 'j on pa bpeofr. Sona j'ceal mon blob op £ebpe Isecan. Jip f T^P S^punije on ]>am bpeoftum anum oppe on pam upejian hpipe o])pe on fol. 93 a. ' pam mibhjnpe • ponne pceal liim mon ]'yptb]ienc )-ellan 'j niman fpete pjBteji mib ele jebon on fpmep bla^bpan *j be]nan p fap mib. . XLVII. Laicebomaf pa pe pynnunje msejen h^bben -j fmal- unje • pam lichoman pa "Sa hseto mebmicle oppe fcjianje ppopian -j hu him mon fcyle fpmef blcebpan onbon. V 5emm hunan -j peax -j ele ^emenje oppe jejiub to- jtBbpe ealpa empela p hit an fie fmipe mib -j bo on clsep leje on. ^ip iape fiban ept jemin pnbaii leap -j » Read fe. - hub, MS., at the end of a line, tlie writer forgettinp; to complete the word. ^ In I. xlv. .'j, the genitive wafs bleoj'. Bleo, by a zeugma, may be genitive plural. LEECH LOOK. IL 261 side pain coinetii thence, then is tliat very dangerous ; Hook II, if it lias been ere that on the milt, then it is the easier ^ '' to cure. Further, if the man have been before wounded in the lung, and thence eometli the side pain, then is that very dangerous. If it liave been formerly in the spleen, then the sore cometli on the left side, yea, those tokens have heavy mischief; ask him whetlier the milt be sore, or whether he hath neck disease. So tliou mayest understand that sore of the side cometh from evil humour and is very mischievous. If his anal dis- charge be stopped, or if he may not mie, the wamb must be cleansed by an always easy application of a wort drink, hh this case a, clyster, through a hoin or })ipe. There is danger also when the sick mans cxijec- tovation or break is of many a hue and complexion.' 2. By these tokens thou mayest understand in what case the man is curable, in what case he is not. In case one treateth a man unsoftly in the early stage of the disease, then the sore first mounteth into the shoulders and into the breast. Soon must one let lilood from a vein, if the sore continue on the breast alone, or in the upper belly, or in the midriff; then must one cfive the tnu/ii a wort drink, and take sweet water with oil put into a swiues bladder, and warm the sore therewith. xlvii. Leechdoms wliich have the power of thinning and of makintr small, for the bodies which suffer the heat, either moderate or strong, and how one must apply a swines bladder to then). Take /ioyehound, and wax, and oil, mingle or rub together equal quantities of all, that it, the mixture, may be one ; smear therewith, and put also on a cloth and apply. For sore of side, again ; ' TlavTo. ovo.-miiTo.i KiXP'^'^l-'-^'"'- Alex. Trail. 262 L^CE BOC. laupe]^ cpoppan jebeat Imtele -j feoS on hunije leje on cla^ o])pe on pel f hit ealle ]?a fibau -j f j'aji oye\i- licje lege on -j bej^e mib ]?y -j beleje ssfteji Jpiejie bel^mje mib hatte puUe • "j bmb peaxhlaj: on • jip ^^ pap |7onne ne fie ]>e Iseyye teoh J^onne mib jlsej'e on ]?a fculbpu • 'j Iceajipa ];sep hit fap fie fpijpuft • "j fcpep 'p blob Of fpiSe • "j jip Mt ]?onne jit fpij^oji pap fie • ne bo l^ii jjonne mib fealte ]?a blsebpan on • ac on jrope- j^eapbe ]?a able J^enben f paji lajft fie. Ruban jefeoS on ele oS8e on pine • "j bile fmipe j^a fiban mib ]7y iol. 08 b. neoblice • 'j be]:>e mih hnefcpe pulle -j mib ]?y ele -j bo Jjonne J'a blsebpan on • bo peapm j^ealt to bo eac feofo]7a on pealt ptetep bo on |?a blgebpan aleje on f fap bo ]?ip ]7peo niht. .XLVIII. ^ip j?ap pultumaf ne pyn helpe • last ' blob j^onne on sebpe op eapme nsep on j?a healpe ]7e f pap bi}» • -j ]7a pambe man pceal cltenpian''^ mib fme]?e pyptbjience. ^ Gpc eof opfpinej- '^ cpeab p mon pmt on puba jemylce on psecpe apeoh bo on hip bpincan* o]?];e bpije jemenj •j jejnib on hif bpmcan ]? htel]? ]rcG]\e piban pap. 6pt celenbpep^ fseb jejnib -j feo]> on hunije o]> p hit Sicce fie • jemm psep ponne on mopjenne -j on sepenne ppeo cucleji msel pele to j^icjenne. .XLVIIil. LcBcebomap -j peaxj'ealpa "j jceappunja pip fiban pape- •j hpyet him fie to picjanne. 6ac pu j'cealt ponne pu on pam pculbpum tyhfu blob ceon fpiSe on psepe j'lban ' Trallianus, p. 85, ed. Lutet, re- commends (pKefioron'ia and the ko.- - claej-nian, MS. ^ Marcellus, col. 351, b. dapaiVTris KoiKias, after Ilippokrates. ' Marcellus, col. 351, c, LEECH BOOK. II. 263 take leaves of rue and bunches of laurel heads, beat Book ii. them small and seethe them in licmey, lay on a cloth • ^ ^ "• or on a skin so that it may overlie all the side and the sore ; lay on and foment with that mixture, and cover after the fomenting with hot wool, and bind on a cake of wax. Then if the sore be not the less, then draw with a cupping g-lass on the shoulders, and scarify where the sore is most, and scrape the blood off thoroughly ; and if it then be still more sore, do not thou then apply the bladder with salt, but do this in the early period of the disease, while the sore is least. Seethe rue in oil or in wine, and dill ; anoint the sore with that, of necessity, and foment with nesh wool and with oil, and then apply the bladder : add warm salt, put bran also into salt water ; put it on the bladder: Jay it on the sore, do this for tliree nights. xlviii. If these remedies are no help, then let blood on a vein from the arm, hut not on the side on which the sore is, and the wamb shall be cleansed with a smooth wort drink. Again, melt in water the dropping of a boar swine, which one findeth in a wood, sti'ain it, j)ut it into his drink : or dry it, mingle and rub it into his drink, that will heal the sore of the side. Again, rub small sotne seed of coriander, and seethe it in honey, till it be thick, then take of that, at morning and at even, three spoon measures ; give the man this to swallow. xlix. Leechdoms and wax salves and scarifyings for sore of side, and what the sieJc are to take for diet. Also thou shalt when thou drawest blood on the shcnilders, draw it strongly on the side, and for about three days 264? L^CE BOC. . V 'j 3m;ib .111. iiilic Iceajipian -j peax j^ealjie -j ele on lec- jean "j yellan bjiencay })a ]ni pite ^ yih yib psejice i'cylen • jij: ]>e pypt: bpenc ne liinpe pele Itjianjne • fol. 'J9 a. leolice metcaf jncje "j jej-eap bpojni ' 'j jepeape i)ypan 'j jeplejen iejpu 'j bjieab jcbjiocen on hat; pseteji' "-J jnnepinclan ^ aboii oj: ]-ccllum mib pyj-iim. 6pt: ]n]) piban pajic betomean leap jepeoS on ele -j jebpyte aleje on )7a piban. .LI. JDeR septep fint lunjen abla laSlicu tacn *j hj'anau i'lo Clime "j hu mon Isecehomaf jn]) ]?on^ pyjicean pcyle* bpeoib ablapen "j paji ]?eoli -j lipa • "j Inm I'e maja miela ]nnbe]; -j ban "j per pela Ipellenbe ypele Ipilap unpelenbe "j lane bpece]? }>y]ipe lipofcan -j Inm on ]?am hpofuan hpiliim lopa'8 fio fremn. Smijie Jjone mannan mib ele • -j eac mib nij'pe jmlle he]>e ];a fiban -j jub • ■j betpeox fculbpum hpene i^]i sepenne • Ifer ])onne on )>elan • repcep J^on la^t Inm blob op ]?am balan lia]wli- ];an In opne ];?e)i him ne ejle pyji* jip ]>u. him to pela Isetfc ne bi]> him J^onne peopep pen. Pypc htm bpip op pealpyjice mopan • -j op pleaj^an pyjite • 'j hiinan fol. 90 b. "j bile ]-?eb peo]? ]?ap on butjian pele etan colne on niojijcn -j on niht bpip liif mete pij; ele -j eal hip bjiinca Tie cealb. CT^anejum men lunjen potaS on bpmce ''"' he I'piplep bjiencef -j pela henne iejpu jeplea on an pa3t fpa hjieap • 5e];]'ejie ]?onne "j J'lcje -j je- menje cBp ]n]) pletan "j nan oJ»ep inolcen J'lcje. Leoht bjienc • jenlm jajellan j^yl on pyjite Iset ]?onne hpon ' TlTiffadvTjf Alex. Tr. lino 15, ed. Lutct. ^ Marcclliis, col. 351, u. * I'oii, wc expected a feminine. - il/i'xes, tvum^.v, Alex.Trall., p. 87, ''The stop is misplaced thus in MS. LEECH BOOK. 11. 2G5 scarify and lay on cerote and oil, and give such drinks Book li. as thou knowest are suitable for side pain. If ixmUd <-''• -'^''^• wort drink do not sufHce, give a strong one. Let the laari take light meats and juicy broths, and juicy peas, and beaten eggs, and bread broken in hot Avater, and periwinkles removed from the shells, with [leas. 1. Again, for sore of side, seethe in oil leaves of bctony, and bruise them, lay them on the side. li. 1. Hereinafter are set forth the loathly tokens of lung disease, and whence it cometh, and how one must work leechdoms against it. The breast is npblown, and the thigh and muscle is sore, and the onmis maw distendeth much, and his legs and his feet swell much with evil unfeeling swellings, and a drier cough vexes him, and in the cough at whiles his voice is gone. Smear . the man with oil, and also warm the sides and the ribs with new wool, and between the shoulders, a little before evening, then let the oil remain on him ; and after that let him blood from the sound elbow " in an oven, where the fire cannot harm him;" if thou lettest him too much blood, there will be no hope of his life. Work him a brewit from roots of wall wort, and from Heath wort, and horehound, and dill seed ; seethe these in butter ; give him this breiuit to eat cold in a morning ; and at night dress his meat Avith oil, and let all his drink be cold. In many a man the lung decayeth. Let him drink some emetic drink, and beat up many hens eggs into a vessel, all raw, then let him curdle it and eat it, and previously mingle with curds, and let him take no other milk diet. A light drink ; take gagel, or siueet gale, boil it in wort of beer, then let it stand a little, remove the 266 LiECE BOC. jefcanban bo oy jm jajellaii bo J>omie mpne jiir on beppeoh J?onne f hit ahebbe pell • bo ]7onne eolenan • •j pejimob • -j betomcan • -j mepce • *j antjian to jfele bjimcan, Jepypc beopypt ]n]> lunjen piinbe • 'j banpypt feo lf)e hsebbe cpoppan jecnua |>a pyjita tj;a pyl on but- pan. bjienc pi6 lunjen able jentm hmbheoloj^an leap • •j limb bejijean • -j japclipan heopbpemlep ^ leap pyl on pypte Iset bjnncan. Pij? lunjen able • hmb bepi^ean leap -j hpeobef fpiji peabe liopan • btpeeopj^ypt bolhpunan • neptan on clse- num pfetpe ealle ]7ap ]'ypca pylle "j bpmce. ]}ip lunjen able ]'ypc pealpe on butepan "j j^ije on meolcum • mm bpiine pypt meobopyjit • bepc pajo • nepte • japclipe. fol. 100 a. Pi]? lunjen able bpime pyjit cneopholen • betomca • pubu mepce fnpie • eopop peapn • acumba • japclipe • tpejen bjiemlaj' • uouelle • pab • pypc to bpence -j to )*ealpe. Je^i^i eopoppeapn jecnupa *j apylle on butpan bo |)a pealpe on apyllebe jate meoluc 'j Jncje on neaht neptij • -j on upan mete. bpenc pi]? bpijpe lun- jenne • holen pmbe • -j .V. leapan • bile • -j pebic je- cnua to bufte • 'j op jeot mib ealoS pele bpincan jelome. 6pt bpenc • mapubian • -j betomcan • mepce jiube • fupapulbpe pmbe • jiah ]7opn pmbe bpince on ealaS. bpip pi)? lunjen able • ontpan • eolonan • majiu- bian • penpypt • j^a clipihtan • pube • mepce • pipo^ • huni^. Pi}> bpijpe limjenne • op pealpyjite mopan • ^ op pleol^an pypte • hunan • bilep pseb- feo]? on butpan pele etan colne on mop^enne • ^ on nilit • -j bpip hi]* mete pi]? ele. 6pt mm alpej- pmbe feo]? on pa3tpe o]? f }?3ep psetepef pie ]?pibban bsel onbepylleb pele ];oime ' heopbpem bjiemie)-, ]\IS. LEECH BOOK. II. 267 gagel, then add new yeast, then wrap it up that it I5nf'l^ !• may rise well, then add helenium, and wormwood, and betony, and marche, and ontre ; give the man this to drink. 2. Work together beewort, for a lung wound, and that bonewort which hath bunches of floAvers ; pound the two worts, boil in butter. A drink for lung disease ; take leaves of hindheal, and hind berries, or raspberries, and garclife, or agrimony, and leaves of the hip bramble, or dogrose; boil them in wort of beer; make the man drink. 3. For lung disease ; leaves of hind berries, or rasp' berries, a spike of a reed, red hove, bishopwort, dol- hrune, nepeta ; let the man boil all these worts in clean water, and drink. For lung disease, work a salve in butter, and take the same in milk ; take brownwoii, meadwort, birch lichen, nepeta, garclife, or agrimony. For lung disease ; brown wort, knee holly, betony, wild marche, sorrel, everfern, oakum (ashes), garclife, the two brambles, the dogrose and blackberry, wowelle, woad ; work these into a drink and into a salve. Take everfern, pound it, boil it in butter, put "the salve" into boiled goats milk, and let the man take it at night fasting, and on the top of that his meat. A drink for a dry lung ; pound to dust rind of holly and cinqfoil, dill and radish, and pour them all over with ale ; give the man that to drink frequently. Again, a drink ; let him drink in ale, marrubium and betony, marche, rue, rind of crab apple tree, sloe thorn rind. A brewit for lung disease ; ontre, helenium, marrubium, wenwort, that namely which is bulbed, rue, marche, pepper, honey. For a dry lung ; some root of wallwort, and of fleath Wort, Iborehouud, seed of dill ; seethe these in butter, give the brewit to the man to eat cold, in the morning and at night, and di'ess his meat with oil. Again, take rind of alder, seethe in water till a third part of the water be boiled away, then give the 268 LMCE BOC. V cailic jrulne to bpiiicanne on |>]iy ]'i]7al' • Iset liinle btej- ]?e|ine betpeonuiii. ]?i]; limjen punbe • )«e]- blacan fol. 100 b. ipjep cjioppena *j cojma ?epelu |>peo on bjoj .v. on niopjene feojran ]'y jjpibban breje ])onne nijon • ]7onne .XI. ))onne ];jieotcyne • ]?onne pjityne • ];onne feo}:on- t^me • ]7onne nijantyne • Jjonne .xxi. yele Ipa refteji bajum bpmcan on pme. 6pt; jnjj lunjen punbe beto- nican pyl on pine pele bjuncan. pi|? J>on ilcan jemni miijcpyjit nipepeapbe • "j bpunepypt pyl on butepan. ])\j) lunjen able jentm cpican • -j ac pmbe • -j jajiclipan ^ecnupa tojfebepe • bepylle ];onne ' ]7]nbban bsel on hpcetrene fy]\te iupe sepceji amylte butepan. Gpt ^emm bpune j'yjit • -j l:)ij'ceop pypt • pubu mejice • pubu cepfillan • eopop peapn • hmb hiolo];e • acuinba • attoplaJ;e • jieabe hope • "j ma^bejie. pi]' lunjen able • bolbpune • -j i\3pep];e nioj^opeajib • -^ bjiune pyjit • 'j peabe hope • "j jieabe netlan apylle on hunije '-j on cubutepan pup on meolcum. 6ft i^emin jitebicep .III. Ihcieba • -j bpabe leacep jelice -j i'picep .ill. bo f .III, bajaf o]']7e 1113011. fol. 101 a. -Lll- To fpip bjience .VI. cojin aljuiii . xxx. lybcojma -j J^a jpeatan pyjit nio]?opeapbe • lipejij'e liatte bjnje ]?a on lunnan "j ellen jiinbe nij^ej'eajibe bjuje eac *j ^etju- pula fpijje fmsele • bo healpnc bollaii ealoS to» "j fpete v^ inib liunije • bo lipon butepan • -j pipojiep hpon • *j jehaste •]> ealu -j bo hpon pealtep to. 6ft pepmob -j eolonaii la3ppe last ftanban tjia niht on ealo]) bjiince Jjonne. 6ft jlasbene • hope p leotj'ypt cnupa on eala]? -j jefpet bjunce ]H)mie. Tip inon hme bpeee opeji ;»;emec to fpipanne fij^jjan hiiii i'pip bjicnc op lie • jemin pa;tte]- flaifce]- )-ele tpa fnseba. Pece bjienc • elene ]?one lasp- Iiisert 0)', as emcudution. LEECH P.OOK. II. 2fi9 man a. chalice full to drink at three times ; leave- liook ii. always a days space between. For hmg wound ; of *^'''' "• the berry bunches of the black ivy and of its grains, at first three a day, live on the inorrow, seven the third day, then nine, then eleven, then thirteen, then fifteen, then seventeen, then nineteen, then tAventy-one; give them so, according to the days, to be drunk in vrine. Again, for lung wound, boil betony in wine, give it to be drunk. For the same ; take the nether- ward part of jnugwort and brownwort, boil in butter. For lung disease ; take quitch, and oak rind, and agri- mony ; pound them together, then boil to the third part in wheaten wort of beer ; sip afterwards some melted liutter. 4. Again, take brownwort, and bishopwort. wild )narche, wood chervil, everfern, hindheal, oakum (aslies), attorlothe, red hove, and madder. For lung disease ; dolhrune, and the netherward part of feferth, and brown- wort, and red hove, and red nettle ; boil them in honey and in cows butter ; sip this in milk. Again, take three slices of radish, and the like of broad leek, and of bacon three : do that for three days or nine. lii. 1. For an emetic ; six grains of aloes, thirty of lib- corns, and the netherward part of great wort, wherwe it hight, dry it in the sun, and elder rind, the nether- ward part, dry it also, and triturate it very small, add half a bowl of ale, and sweeten with honey, add a little butter, and a little pepper, and heat the ale, and add a little salt. Again, wormwood, and helenium, but less of it ; let them stand for two nights in ale, then let the man drink. Again, gladden, hove, float wort, pound these in ale, and sweeten it, then let the man drink. If a man strain himself overmuch to spew, after a spew drink is past oflf from him, take some fat flesh, give him two slices. A weak emetic drink; helenium, VOL. IT. R 7 ••- 270 LiECE BOC. Tan bsel j^unjei' • cammoc pyl f on eala); j'ele f lyt- lum fupan |;onne hit col fie o]? f he fpipe. ij) i]' hope nijjepeapb belcjiepen "j jecnuab • -j ellen pyjittjiuman jimbe ap^ej'c }>a cleene 'j befcjiepene • apenb ];onne op S J'am pyjittpuman • -j jecnua 50tpo]:>an • -j penpypt fio peaxe]> on ealbum lanbe • jeot ]?onne hlutco^ eala to • fol. 101 h. pylle fpa ipijjpe mebo jip liebbe beppeo *j laet I'tan- ban mhtepne apeoh liollan piilne jel'pete )?onne mib hunije aj-eoh ]?onne ept • bebinbe ]7onne jenoh peapme • )o Isete J'onne Itanban neahtepne. bpmce ]?onne on mojijen 'j hme pjieo peapme 'j liim pla^p beop^e fpij^e jeopne • lanje he msej on )7am ])yptuni ftanban ^ J^onne hme mon bpmcan piUe onhpepe ept. Py]ice J'onne m J^iep bollan pulne fpa he Mep pophte • jip he 15- fie to unfpi'6 jejnibe he piptij lyb copna jefpete jjonne. Pypce fpiSpan jip he piUe • abelpe J^a jpeataii pypt afcpep ]?a jpeatan pmbe op jecnupa Jjonne fmsele jeot ]7onne hhittop eala on. Se bpene bi]? fpa peljia fpa f ealu j-elpe hip. Spipe bpenc • jeiiim ellenpmbe 2 o m]?epeapbe • ^ hamp3i7ite 'j hunbteontij lybcopna je- cnua fpi|>e pel ealle j;a pypta bo on ealo menje ]?onne • V jenim ]?onne pah mela hseplep o]?]?e alpej- aj'ipt ];onne pul clsene tela micle hanb piille bo on ^emanj Iset fol. 102 a. neahtepne ftanban ahlyttpa fpi]7e pel • jefpet mib 2. r hunije jebpinc fcenc pulne tela micelne, jtp pe bpenc nelle op jemm onjieb pelle on eala^ bpmcan fcenc pulne ])eapmep j'ona bi|> pel. Pypc fpipbjienc. jenim lybcopn V -j pipoji copn "j hpit cpuba *j alpan jpmb to bufce jja pypta fpi)?e • bo on beop fpa on ptn fpa on l^eoppe LEECH BOOK. IF. 271 the least bit of thung ov aconite, cammock or pence- ijook il ilanwm; boil that in ale ; when it is cool, give the man ^^' '"' that to sip little by little, till he spew. . . . that is, hove, the nether part of it scraped and pounded, and the rind of elder roots ; wash them clean, and have them scraped, then rend the rind away from the roots, and pound goutweed, and wcnwort, that namely whicli waxeth in old land, then pour thereon clear ale, boil it, or strongish mead if thou have it, wrap it up and let it stand or the space of a night, strain out a bowl fuU, then sweeten with honey, then strain again, then bind it up warm enough, then let it stand for a nights space; then let him drink it the morning, and let him wrap himself up warm, and let him very earnestly beware of sleep. Long may the drink stand upon the worts, and when a man hath a mind to drink it, let him shake it up again : then let him work thereinto a bowl full, as he before wrought it ; if it be too weak let him rub small fifty libcorns,' and then sweeten it. Let him work it stronger if he will ; delve up the great wort, scrape away the great rind, then pound it small ; then pour clear ale upon it : the drink is the better according as the ale is better. An emetic ; take the nether ward part of the rind of elder, and home- wort, and a hundred libcorns, pound them very well, put all the worts into ale, then mix ; then take fine meal of the hazel or alder, then sift it full clean,put in a good large handful amidst the rest, let it stand for a, nights space, clear it very thoroughly, sweeten with honey, drink a good mickle cup full. If the drink will not he thrown ofi", take onred, give in ale a cup full of it warm to the man to drink; soon he will be well. Work a spew drink thus; take libcorns, and pepper- corns, and mastich, and aloes, grind the worts to dust thoroughly, put into beer, or into wine, or into skim ' Seeds of Momordka elaterium. 272 LMCE 1500. meoluc jij: ]>n ];a]ia o)?ep]\a napj^ep na:^bbe • j^iy ]n\ on pme pyjice o]y]>e on meolce jefpet mib linnije hpince tela micelne j'cenc pulne, Spipe bjienc ]'ypc of beope bo cofc to 'j alpan -j 3" lybcopua piptyne J^apa oj^epa jelice. Spipe bpenc liampypte .III. fnfieba • -j ellen jinibe be- penbe jebce micel .xxv. lybcojma ^ Sesnib bo hunije]- fpilce an fnseb fie on ete ]jonne mib cuclepe on fup batej* psetepef oSSe cealbej". Jtp bjienc op men nelle • jemm mepce • "j eejipillan feo]; fpi];e on psetpe bo j-ealt to bpmce |;onne. Jip hme nman psejTce • jemm nij[;ep ealaS ambep pulne bo hanb pulle hampypte on • Iset on hebban bjiince o]? •]? ];n fpipe • fcmi; ]>onne pe];]ie fol. 102 b. on mub teoh pa jelleftpan tit bpmc ept Sona:- .; Ntm fcamomam f penij 5epe;^e -j jejnib I'msele -j hpep benne cej fpi8e pealt bo |?a pyjit on ne laet jeyp- nan f se^ ac pup. Pyptbpenc • fcamonian jeceo]' )>up bpec on tu bo hpon on jjine tunjan jtp bto hpite opeji- bpejbe]; fpa meluc ):»onne bio bi]) 30b • ^ejnib ];onne 1;^ on tpeopenum prete nsep on nanum o}>pum mib fciccan o]>]>e mib bcepte bo op p mon jejmban ne mjBje -j? bi)? jeupnen • bo caubcef on .11. bpopan o'S'Se })py • oj?|?e eleleapep ftelan jej^yl toj-omne • jip luo bi]j j^ob • b]ienc bi6 on pemnje • jip msetpa hv6 on oSpum beal- ^ IS pum oSSe on t])am aumpe];pimsenem?e.^ Spipe bpenc • bopan 'j onjieb • -j ellen jnnbe jecnua to Somne ellen Ifeft • bo l^onne to .XXX. pipoji copna jefpet mib bimije pele bpincan. ' cybcopna, MS. I ma ? Yet the letters of the text - Read anb S'l" iV^ I'lum ac ne 1 are quite legible and clear. LEECH BOOK. TT. 273 milk, if tliou have neither of tlie others; if tlioii work P.ook li. it in wine or in milk, sweeten it with honey; let Ihc *''•'"• man diink a good niickle cup full. 2. Work a spew drink of beer, add costmary, and aloes, and fifteen Hbcorns, of the others similarly. 3. An emetic ; of homewort three pieces, and rend up elder rind, the same quantity, twenty-five libcorns, rub them to dust, and of honey as much as would l)e one piece or 'proportion, then eat thereof with a sjioou, sip some water hot or cold. If sucli a draught will not 'pass from a mau, take marche and chervil, seethe them thoroughly in water, add salt, then let the man drinl'. If there is inward pain, take a jug full of new ale, add a hand full of homewort, have the jug held up and drink till thou spew ; then poke a feather into thy mouth ; draw the bad matter out, drink again soon. Take scammony, so much as may weigh a penny, and rub it small, and half cook a hens egg, salt it thoroughly, j^ut the wort into it, let not the egg coa- gulate, but sip it. A wort drink ; choose scammony thus, break it in two, put a bit on thy tongue, if it bursteth out white as milk, then it is good ; I'ub it then in a treen vessel, not in any other, with a spoon or with a handle, remove what cannot be rubbed down, that part is coagulated, add two or three drops of xuoKixov,^ or boil together ivifJt it a stalk of olive leaf: if it be good the dose will be one pennyweight; if moderately good, one and a half or two penny- weights; if bad, three; no more than that. A spew drink ; hove, and onred, and elder rind ; pound these together, ]nf^t least of elder, then add thirty -pepper- conis, sweeten with honey, give the ma7i to drink. ' " Est etiam mecllcamentum • • • I xiv. See the moiition fif 0-iifnaicuv. " quod KuAiKhf nominatur. . . magis I Book II. Ivi. 4. " prodest potiii datum." Celsns, IV. ! VOL. IT. S 274 LMCF. BOC. .LTTL To leohcum bjience selfj^onan 5yp»jii]:an • betonican pa cliipyhtaii penpypt • eopop|?potan • heah liiolo)?aii • ealehrjian • eolonan tpa fnseba • clatan • pejbpgeban • 6ntj\e • cpopleac to p^tan liealp Lalij pa3tep • Iiealp pie hlutto'^ eala. To leohtum bpence • bifceop pyjit fo]. in3a. elehcpe • pepmob • pulpep camb pyl on meolcum fpij^e V appmj l^onne Jmjih claS bpyp ealo on o5Se pm j'eie fupan, Leoht bpenc bipceop pypt ontpe eolone • mapubie- bpeopje bpofcle- mepce- [epcj^potu • beConica* lieah hioloSe • limb hiolo|?e • jajille • m'lnte • bile • pmul • cepfiUe • bpmce on Bain's jepophte. Unfpipol bjienc bifceop pypt • ]?epmob • actoplaSe • fppmj pypt; jy '6- ^ pipe • bpeopje bpofde • pmul • jebeaten pipop • jebo ]>a pyjita ealle on an pset jebo j^onne ealb pm hlutcoji on "Sone bpenc oSSe fpiSe 50b mebo bpmce jjonne ];one bpenc neahcnej-tij • *j fpa betepe him Ip fpa he opco]x bpmce -j ete ]?one bpip j^e hep appiten i]- • byjiij eolo- nan omppan • ontjie • 50t:po]?e hjiomjeallan • jefcab- pyjiC niojjopeapbe • jecnua ])& pypta bo fealt on pyl on butpan. Gpc unfpipol bpenc • bifceoppypr • syj'liipe • fppmj pypt .V. bajaf bpmce setfomne fimle on mopjne poplsete oJ?]ie pipe .v. bpmce. Leoht bpenc jemm fol. 1U3 b. pepmob • -j betonican • "j hioloj^an^ laeft -j hmb hioloj'an bo on eala. Stille bpenc • betonican • eolone • pepmob • ontpe • hune • elehtpe • penpypt • ^eappe • bpeopje bpoftle • acto)ilaoniie ])a jieabnn iietlan -j ealbe j^apan jebeat troSomiie 'j iniijie mib -j he]^e mib ro ):y]ie. .LV. Dpenc -py. mon mnan }:o]ili£epb fie • jecnua eolonan ^ pyl on ealoS 'j betonican • pepmob 'j ]7a clupibtaD ' pen]»y]ir pele bpmcan. pi]^ Income cofcep jobne brel • -j pmolep ]-?ebep o])e]i fpilc jebeat; fniffile "j jejnib to bufue. Jemm }>aep cucleji pulne • jebo on ealb ptn o}>];e ct^pen bpmce ]?onne neahcneptii; ];py bajap. ^^ PiJ> pcejicope bipceoppypt: • pepmob. betonica • jiebtc* mepce • cof- • jiuban j-teb pyjic ro bpence. f,)l. Ull . LVI. 2iy mon ne mseje tirjejan • jemm uman • -j eac jecpypte banb pulle* "j mebmicebie bollan puhie eala'S' Ijejjyl ]?pimme f ealo on ]>sd]\e pypte bjnnce ]>onue / s neahtnepcij. Gyt jip mon fy|> jajileac on henne bpo])e 'j yeVS bpmcan j^onne Co Iset: hio f paji. Gpr jate meoluc -j eceb feo)? {ecjrebepe pele bjimcan. 6pc jate meoluc "j humj -j pealc pele bpincan. 6pt; pylle 3;eappan on bunije -j on bucpan ece p>a pyjic mib. ?c ]?i]j tirpsejice ept; epelaptan upepeapbe • pej^bpasban ellenpmbe yealc on ealo jejniben. Tacn ^ be ucpihtan je on );am upeppan hpipe je on ])am nij^eppan. ])a able mon mse^ onjitan be pam nt^anje hpilc pe on tinfyne fie. Sum bij; ];ynne fum 2 ': mib ))iccuni psetum jeonb joren. Sum mib ]?a3p m- no|?ep • "j mib ]>apa fmsel J>eapma jebpocum ^ jemenjeb . ' The MS. has a stop after chiy- ihran. -' Nearly as Trallianus, hook x., cap. i. p. 1G7, line 27, cd. Liitet. hook viii., p. 4.'i5, od. Basil. ■' ^va-jj-aTa, Trail, LEECH l}()(^K. 11. 277 not in tlje inwards, then take the red nettle and old B'>"k n. soap, beat them together and smear therewith, and '' '^' foment therewith at the fire. Iv. 1. A drink, if a man be costive within ; jxumd hele- nium, boil in ale it and betony, and the cloved wen- wort ; give tlte man to drink. For inward disease ; a good deal of costmary, and as much more of seed of fennel, beat small and rub to dust ; take a spoon full of this, put it into old wine, or wine boiled down one third, let the ona^t drink tliis after his nights fast lor three days. 2. For sudden sickness ; bishopwort, wormwood, betony, radish, march e, costmary, seed of rue ; work these, into a drink. Ivi. 1. If a man may not discharge his bowels ; take " uman," and also a contracted hand full of it, and a moderately mickle bowl full of ale ; boil strongly the ale on the wort, then let tlie Tiian drink it after his nights fast. Again, if one seetheth garlic on chicken broth, and giveth it the man as a drink, then it removes the sore. Again, seethe together and give him to drink goats milk, and honey, and salt. Again, let him boil yarrow in honey and in butter, let him eat the wort with tJiOse. 2. For painful evacuation ; the upper part of ever- lasting, waybroad, elder rind, salt, rubbed up into ale. 3. Tokens of dysentery either in the upper part of the belly or in the nether. One may understand the disease by tlie ftecal discharged, observing what like it is in appearance : some is thin ; some is suffused with thick humours ; some is mingled with fragments of the inwards, and of the small guts ; some is nuich 278 LiECE BOC. pum I'pi^e 3e}:ylleb mib jjopml'e. Sum fpiSe blobij. V Sum cymif tacn biS • f pe man paji jepelS set hif i'liapolaii -j on hip Iculbpum hepij pap • ^ ]mplr -j unlufc 'j )?upli b^c J^eajim lytel blob bpopaS ; fol, 104 b. gi5 uCpiht abl cymS manejum aejiel'u op to miclum utjanje • -j j^onne lanje lipile ne jymS mon )?tel" o]> f ye innoj? py]^^ S^ onbujinen je ]?ujili ]? jepunbob • j ,'chpikim onpnneS op |?am mibhpipe pe ip betpeox ]?8epe pambe -j J^sejie lippe • -j ]?a j-eap |7a '^e beo^ jemenjebu op mettum pij? blob -j pi]? oman jeonbjeota]? ]7one Inno]? pyjiceaS ypelne utjanj "j po]i }nejie jjumnepj'e )7apa,omena ne m^ej beon jehsepb ]jy fe mete ac beoj? /s pomob j?a inno]7af bebpipen ]7onne py)V^ f to utpsepice. JOu mon ]7a utypnenban men pcyle lacnian pann mon fceal j'ellan |;a mettaj- |?a ^e pambe neappian -j J?am V majan ne fce]?|;an • caulej- leaj> • hpilum pyi'ena b]io}> •j eceb • *j pop mib pejbpasban ^efoben -j ealbne cyl'e c gelbbenne on ^ate meolce mib ]y fmeppe jate • lipilum bpsebe ];one cyfe ^] bpijne lilap *j psetep f pie pofe on jefoben hpilum j'ceapp pm bpmce. pync him onlejena to clame jepojiht • bejien raelo o]7)?e hpreten mib hunije jeSoben • nub mebmicle * * '* * * Here ma7iy folios have been taken from the MS. In the margin " hic lacuna efc," now erased, may be read. V LEECH BOOK. II. 279 filled with ratten ; some is very bloody ; some cometh I^ook 11. jfrom the upper belly/ some fi-om the lower : of that in which the discharge cometh from the upper belly, this is a token, that the man feeleth sore at his navel, and heavy sore on his shoulders, and thirst, and loss of appetite, and a little blood droppeth through the back gut or rectum. 4. The disease d3''senteria cometh to many first ft-om too mickle fsecal discharge, and then a man for a long while attendeth not to this, till the inwards become either inflamed, or through that neglect wounded. At whiles it beginneth from the midriff, which is betwixt the wamb and the liver, and the juices fi-om meats which are mingled with blood and with bad hu- mours, pour themselves through the inwards and cause an evil faecal discharge, and for the grimness of the inflammatous matters the food cannot be contained, but the inwards,- along with it, are driven down, then that turneth to dysentery. We say noiv, how one must cure the man thus afflicted ; to him one must give the meats which restrain the wamb and do not scathe the maw, juice of colewort, at whiles peas broth, and vinegar, and porrum or leek sodden with waybroad, and old cheese sodden in goats milk, along with the grease of goat. At whiles roast the cheese and diy bread, and let him drink water which has been sodden upon roses, at whiles sharp wine. Work him poultices wrought to a clammy mass, barley or wheaten meal sodden with honey, with a moderately mickle * ' 'E| vi|/ijAfc'i/ ivTfpuv, boioels cor- i tions of the intestines, and tw rectly. j iyrtpcDV fj tpvaiKi] TrtfifK-q, the fat - That is c,vaiJ.ara, abraded poi^ \ naturally adhering to them. 280 ■ L.ECE i;oc. ^: W- -if- S' * ^- * * *• .LIX. MS. liarl. 00., fol. 1 a. ndf-t-Tis or pi5 |7iejie liealj: beabau able -j bjninon seo cume • ,seo abl cyiii'6 on Jja Ipi'Span heal):e ]my lichoiiiaii • o(SSe on ]7a pynlrjian • ]?ce]i ])a pna roj'lupaS ^j beoS nub ]-lipiT;]ie 'j jnccejie ptetan ypeljie 'j vfeljie ]?iccejie •j mj'celpe.' ])a j^peran man j-cicl niib bloMiej'um -j bjiencnm -j liecebonnmi on j^ej abon • J'onne peo abl cume jepelr on Sone niannan ]?onne ontync ];u Ins niu'5 j'ceapa hip tunjan j'onne biS heo on J^a healpe lipittpe ]>e peo abl on beon ])ilc • lacna linic |:»onne ]nip • Gepejie j^asne mannan on j'piiSe proptne cleo]:an -j peapinne jepel'ue hnn pjnSe pel hleope ]78ep "j peapme jleba bepe man jelonie mn. Onpjieoh hme |)onne -j pceapa Ins lianba jeojme • 'j ppa hp;e)?ejie ppa Su cealbe pmbe Iset hnn j-ona blob on ]7a3pe cealban sebpe • septeji ]>iejie blobltepe • Imhjieja yrab .III. mho lele him pypt bpenc litypnenbe bo jiScojma Ipa peala ]'pa JfEcap piton p to pyptbpence ]-culoii 'J YfA jepabe pypta. JOpilum alpan a3}:re]i hipe juhre • him men Ictel j-ellan hpilum Icamoniam • hpilum eyt septreji j'yjicbpencum • ];onne he jepelb j-y . tec eyz blob on rebjie ppa ]m on ppuman bybepr • hpilum ]yu reoh mib jla^pe o8Se mib hopne blob op ]niin j-ajian fuojnim abeabobum. fol. 1 b. ]h]y J;;e]ie healpbeaban able • bej^e hpilum J^a papan f-ope iGX: heojrSe oS8e be jlebum • -j pmepe mib ele • •j mib luilpenbum pealpum • *j jntb ppySe f j>a pealpa ' The MS. thus. LEECH EOOK. 11. 281 lix. ]?o(,k II. llic Mt^. i^ecvLS to have been turitteu about A.D. 1040. 1. For the Iialf dead disease and whence in coincth. Hemiplegia. The disease cometh on the right side of the body, or on the left, where the sinews are powerless, and are afjiided with a slippery and thick humour, evil, thick, and niickle. 2. Tlie humour must be removed witli bloodlettings, and draughts, and leechdoms. When first the disease cometh on the man, then open his mouth, look at his tongue, then is it whiter on that side on which the disease is about to be ; then tend him thus : carry the man to a very close and warm chamber, rest him very well there in shelter, and let warm giedes be often carried in. 3. Then unwrap him and view his hands carefully, and whichsoever thou find cold, on that cold vein let him l>lood. After the bloodletting, somewhere about three nights, give him a pui-ging wort drink, put in as many githcorns^ as leeches know nmst be put into a wort drink, and suitable worts. 4. At whiles must be given him aloes after their [)roper method, at whiles scannnony ; at whiles again after wort drinks, when he is in repose, let blood again on a vein as thou didst at fii-st ; at whiles draw blood with a cupplny glass or a horn from the sore deadened places. 5. For the half dead disease. Warm at whiles the sore place at the hearth or by giedes, and smear with oil, and with healing salves, and rub smartly so Berries of the Dafnc Idurcvla. 282 LiECE BOC. in bej^mcen. Pypc ro jealfe ealbiie pyple jealtne heoji- tejf meajili • jof e jiyfle • o^^e hsenna • -j bo jobe pypta to beSe J^a sapan I'rope tet pype. JOpilum onleje -j onbinb pic • "j peax • pipop • "-j I'mepii • -j eie • tojeebepe jemilteb. IDpilum on ]?a V^ j'apan j-mua "j appollenan leje on 'j bmb on jate cypbelu jemenjeb piS hunij • oSSe on ecebe jepoben • ]?onne J^pmaS J?a aj'lapenan "j ]?a aj^pollena ^ j'lna. Pyi^c liini pyp~ bpenc ]?e ne biS utypnenbe • ue ppipol ac cobjiip^ -j lyclab ])&, yfelan pgetan • on ])ain feocum men ]7e bi]? ]"pa j'pa hoph o^Se pij'oba oS^e jilliptjie. V Genim hunijep ]7ip^ ly'^le punb bo J?onne to };an je- beaten 'j apift pipop • syle Jjonne to picjanne J^am uncpuma ^ men. EfC ymbe ]>peo niht j-yle liim on ])am ilcan ^emete oS8e mape • -j ]-pa ymb fcopep niht. PrS ]?8e]ie healp beaban able • bo p>u hpilum pealtep cuclep msel to menje piS hunij 'j ej:t pipoji • cunna fpa sejj^ep je on ]?ipum loscebome je on oSpuin ]:>8ein \ie ic eac ppite liu hit on ntman polbe • pp p lie heapb pi utan leje on Jiane Isecebom j;e f lieapb popbi lipelije -j ]?8et ypel uc teo. Ceoli limi blob op jip pset fol. 2 a. neb o^Se f heapob j-ap pi on |?am hnepcan • -j nicca ~ ]'apa Iseceboma ]?e J^ane hoph op ]?am heapbe teo • ^ o]?];c l^uph mu'S . o^^e jmjili nopu • -j ];onne he ]>a, miht hsebbe ^ebo p he jelonie jepnepe • syle him J^a mettaj' J>e pyn eaSmylte • -j 50b j-eap heebben "j he ppam ];am mectum rasege piuahjan • psec pyn jej'obene pypta • pyll • jeoce man ]3 sepefce pop -j p aptepe onpej • bo MS. thus. I - Corrected to nycca, MS. LEECH BOOK. II. 283 that the salves may sink in. Work into a aalve Book ii. somo old salt grease, some horse marrow, some goose fat or hens, and add good worts, and warm the sore 2:)laces at the fire. 6. At whiles lay on and bind on pitch, and wax, and pepper, and grease, and oil melted together. At whiles lay on and bind on the sore swollen sinews goats treadles, mingled with honey, or sodden in vine- gar ; then the paralyzed and swollen sinews dwindle to their -proper size. 7. Work him a wort drink, which is not purging nor yet emetic, but which driveth off and diminishes the evil humour in the sick man, which is, as it were, foulness, or rheum, or mucus. 8. Take of honey this small pound,^ then add to it beaten and sifted pepper ; then give it to the infirm man to eat. Again, about three nights after, give it him in the same quantity, or more ; and so about four nights after that. 9. For the half dead disease; at whiles, apply a spoon measure of salt ; mingle with honey and pepper besides. Try both in this leechdom and in others, which I also write, how it will hold; if the body be hard on the outside, lay on the leechdom that the hard part hy it may turn to ratten, and may draw out the mischief. Draw blood from him, if the face or the head he sore, in the tender place ; and make use of the leechdoms, which may draw the foul matter from the head, either through tlic moutli or through the nose ; and when he hath the power, cause him to sneeze often ; give him the meats which are easy of digestion, and have a good succulence, and that he by means of the meats may grow slender ; that is to say, (jive hion sodden worts ; boil them ; let the first and the second ' That is, a pound by weight, not a pint by measure : see Leechbook, II. Ixvii. 284 L^CE EOC. jwiiiie gob yoy to • ^ yyle to I'j'Cjanne bo lycel yealc • V 'j ele • *j mejice to -j pojiji • 'j J'aiin ^elice. Jlealb ]?onne jeojine ]3 ye mete y'i jemylt teji he him eyt jype • j:o]iSan ]'e ]"e unjemylra mece him pyjicS mj'^cel yyel • 5 ycijiej" pmey bjimce ?et hpseja gij: he ma jJille • bjimce hac preteji. liealbe hine jeojine pi^ bae]> • -j hj'iliim jjonne he hit jejjpopian mceje l?ete him blob on mnaii eapme "j pceappije ]>a pcancan • sepele lascebom • "j hu ]-eo ]iealp beabe abl • (s]i peopeptijum obSe piftijum 10 pintjia npeppe on men ne becume. Sume bee l?ejiaS ])iS Jjiupe healpbeaban able ]i man pmtpeo]' b?epne to jlebum "j J^onne ])a jleba j-ette topopan ]?am ]-eocum men -j -j) he ]7onne oncynbum ea^um -j opene mu];e ]7ane jiec ipelje ];a Jjpage ])e he I s mieje • "j ]?onne he ma ne raseje onpenbe his neb apej lychpon *j ejic penbe to -j onpo 6am ftenie *j ]pa bo telce biege o'6 ]3 pe biel ]?xy lichoman J^e j'tUji abea- bob psej" *j jelepeb to J^iejie reppan hselo becume. fol. :2 b. SoShce peo abl cym8 on inonnan teptep peopeptijmii o^iSe fiptijum piiitpa jip he bi'S cealbpe jecynbo ]7onne cym5 aepteji peopejicijum elcoji cym^ septeji piptijuin pmtjui his jsepjetale]- • jip hit jmjjian men jehmpe ]>onne biS p eablsecnepe • ^ ne biS peo ylce abl J7eah ]>e nngleape hecap penaii ]> p peo ylce healp- beabe abl y'i. liu jelic abl on man becume on jeo- ^oSe on pumum lime ppa ayii peo healpbeabc abl on ylbo beS. ne biS hit peo healp beabc abl ac hpilc jcthpeja ypel piece biS jejoten on f lim ]?e hit on jepic • ac biS ea'bhecnepe • ac peo j'oSe healpbeabe fibl C}^mS a3ftep. piptijum pmtpa. Gip inon jy ptepe healfbieban able j'eoc • o^b'e bjuuc peoc • pypc him oxumelli pubepne eceb bjienc ecebej- • •j hunijep • 'j piutepep jemanj. LEEOTT r.OOK. TI. 28' infusion of them he poured away; then aJd some <;oo(l Hook II. decoction, and give it him to partake of; add a httle *''■''"• salt, and oil, and marche, and leek, and such as those. Observe then carefully that tlie meat be digested, ere one give him any again ; since the undigested meat worketh liim much evil : let him drink some sheer wine ; if he want more, let him drink hot water. Let him hold back carefully from the bath, and at whiles, when he may endure it, let him blood on the inner part of the arm, and scarify his shanks. A noble leechdom ! And noiv, how the half dead disease never cometh on a man before forty or fifty years of age. 10. Some books teach for the half dead disease, that one should burn a pinetree to gledes, and then set tlie gledes before the sick man, and that he then, with eyes disclosed and open mouth, should svv^allow the reek, for what time he may ; and when he is no longer able, he should turn his face away a little, and again turn it to the hot embers, and accept the glow ; and so do every day, till the part of the body which was deadened and injured come again to its former health. 11. Well, the disease cometh on a man after forty or fifty winters; if he be of a cold nature, then it cometh after forty ; otherwise, it cometh after fifty winters of his tale of years : if it happen to a younger man, then it is easier to cure, and it is not the same disease, though unclever leeches ween that it is the same half dead disease. How can a like disease come on a man in youth in one limb, as the half dead disease doth in old age? It is not the half dead disease, but some mischievous humour is effused on tlie limb, on which the harm settles ; but it is easier of euro ; and the true half dead disease cometh after fifty years. 12. If a man be sick of the half dead disease, or epileptic, work him o0ujw.eA<, a southern acid drink, a mixture of vinegar, and honey, and water. 286 l;ece boo. Him ecebey anne bsel • hunijey rpejen bselay pel jeclaej'nobej* • psetejiej* jzeopSan • jpeoS j^onne oS f ]?pibbaii bsel J)fepe psetan • oS'Se peop'San • -j pleot ■p pam -j p pot fymle ^ op oS]>8et hit jepoben pi • jip J»u piUe ]?one bpenc ptpenjpan pypcan • ]7onne bo )pu ppa mycel ]78ep ecebep ppa }>sep hunijep -j nytta Jjpep Ifieceboma]- je pi5 pippe able je piS pelcepe pul neali. llim pimble ])veY ecebbpencep fpa jepophtep j'pa mycel ppa ]>e ]?ince • bo piS jjippum ablum psebic fol. 3 a. oil f peap ]7£B]- bpmcep la^t beo nilitepne on • syle Jjonne on mopjenne J^am j-eocum men • neahtnefui- 511m ]7ane psebic fpa jefeapne to Jjicjanne fpa he fpySuft mseje • -j p ]m Jeanne laepe j^sej' seapep j-ySSan ]-e psebic ope^ py • jeot hat pteteji on syle bjuncan ])am seocum men to pylle. anb ]?onne ymbe anep bse^ey hpile ftmje him mon pe];epe on muS oSSe pmjep nebe hme to fpipanne. mm ept elej' anne bsel* peapmep psetepej- tpe^an* pealtep tpejaii cucele]'^ puUe menj tojsebejie pyle to bpmcanne ceac pulne -j ]?anne fringe pmjeji on mu8 bsebe to fpi- panne • Iset ]?anne fpipan on ]?ane ylcan ceac ]>e he tep op bpanc jefceapa ponne hpseSeji pe^ spipSa ]-y ppa micel ppa he pbji jebpanc • jip he mapa jy tyla hi]' ppa • jip he emmicel pi pane '' pe he seji jebpanc pyle ept on Sa ilcan pipan oSpset he ma fpipe panne he jebpmce teji • pis pceal fpipuft piS blsebpan able ♦j J^sem fta.num pe on blsebbpan pyn. PiIS pifBpe healpbeaban [able] • Nim p ]J8ete]i pe pyopan jifBpan on jepobene opep piUeba pyle bjimcan fpiSe ponne pecS'^ p pone innoS "-j cl^enpaS. Ept pyn- ' fuiyle, MS. - Read O]-, for oye. ^ Read cuclejiaj-. ' On this form, see St, Marharete, p. 84. ^ Read I^am. '■ Perhaps j'ej-c^, washeth. LEECH BOOK. fT. 287 13. Take of vinegar, one part; of honey, well Book ir. cleansed, two parts; of water, the fourtli iwH ; then < '■• i'^- seethe clo^vn to the third or fourth part of the liquid, and skim the foam and the refuse off continually, till the mixture be fully sodden. If thou wish to work the drink stronger, then put as much of the vinegar as of the honey, and use the leechdom either for this disorder, or for full nigh any one. Take always of the acid drink, so wrought, as much as may seem good to thee. For these disorders put a radish into the liquor of the drink ; let it be in it for the space of a night ; then give in the morning to the sick man, after his nights fast, the radish so liquored to eat, as he best may; and then, when the radish is gone, pour thou hot water on the remains of the liquor ; give it to the sick man to drink to the full. And then, after about a days space, let some one poke a feather into his mouth, or a finger ; 1-et him compel him to spew. Again, take of oil, one part ; of warm water, two ; of salt, two spoons full ; mingle them together ; give to drink a jug full, and then poke a finger into his moutli ; bid him spew; let him spew into the same jug from which he before di'ank ; then examine whether the vomit be as much as he ere drank. If it be more, tend him then ; if it be just as much as he before dranlc, give him again in the same wise, till he spew more than he drank before. This must be applied chiefly for disease of bladder, and for the stones which are in the bladder. 14. For the half dead [disease]. Take the water on which peas were sodden, and overboiled ; give it tJir man to drink. That strongly waketh up and cleanseth 288 JuMCR T,OC. ' pnlliiii leaj: on pin jejmben p cl^enpaS ])ane mnac). Pi5 pan ilcan ep • ellene)^ bloj'man jenim -j jejnib ^ v^ 5emeni;e pi6 liunij 'j [^ebo on box • -j ]?onne ]^ea]\y pi ;t;eniin bollan pulne hluccjiep jefpettep ptnep jemeuje piS ]3 'j apeohhe pyle bpmcan. yrti ];an ilcau betan mib liipe pyptjiiiman peo^S on j^retejie butan pealte • ]-yle l^onne jjtpp psetejiej- bollan pulne to jcbjiincanne. .LXIV. fol. io5a. jSce o]?epne healpne penmj ^epeje jejmb fpi|;e finale bo ];onne on liluttoji rej -j pele |)am men to fup- anne • hio ip fpi];e 50b eac on ]>ap pifan piS hpoftan •j pi|? fpjiin^e bo pap ]'y]ite on he bi]? pona hal. Jjip ip bakaman fmypmj pi}^ eallum untpnmnepj-um ]>e on niannep lieboman bi]? • pi]? pepjie • 'j pi]:> pcmlace -j pri eallum jebpolj^mje. Sal fpa pame j-e petpa oleum lie ]]■ 50b 'jpealb CO bpmcanne pi's mnan ciebepnej-pe 'j utan to fmejipanne on pintpep ba:i3e pop ]?on J^e he h{iep6 fj'iSe micle hrete poji 5y hme mon fceal bjuncan on jnntpa • 'j he ip 30b jip hj^am feo fpjitec o]>fylS nime ];onne -j pyjice cjiifcej' mjel unbep hip tunjan *j hi]- an lycel fpelje • jTp mon eac op hip jepitte peopSe ^selcmu? |?onne nime he hip btel "j pypce epiftep mtel on selcpe-^ , lime bucan epuc on J^am heapbe popan pe fceal on balzame beon -j o]jep on ]7am heapbe upan. Tyjuaca "Tp 50b bpenc pi}) eallum innoS tybepneppum • *j pe man fe ]>e hme f])a bejas]) fpa hit hep on pejS j^onne msej he him miclum ^ehelpan. To ]?am boeje ]>e he fol. 105 b. pille hine bpincan he fceal preftan o]? mibne brej *j ne Itete hme pinb beblapan ])y btej^e • ;^a liim ]wnne on LEECH ROOK. II. 289 the inwards. Again, leaves of liouseleek bruised in Book li. wine; that cleanseth the inwards. For the same again ; CU. lix. take blossoms of elder, and rub them, and mix them with honey, and put them in a box, and when need be, take a bowl full of clear sweetened wine, mingle with that and strain : administer. For the same ; seethe beet with its roots in water without salt ; then administer a bowl full of the water to drink. Ixiv. Patriarch Ilelias sends ******** -:ij these to King Alfred. so much as may weigh a penny and a half, rub very small, then add the white of an egg, and give it to the man to sip. It (balsaon) is also very good in this wise for cough and for carbuncle, apply this wort, soon shall the man be hole. This is smearing with balsam for all infirmities which are on a mans body, against fever, and against apparitions, and against all delusions. Similarly also petroleum is good to drink simple for inward tenderness, and to smear on outwardly on a winters day, since it hath very much heat ; hence one shall drink it in winter : and it is good if for anyone his speech faileth, then let him take it, and make the mark of Christ under his tongue, and swallow a little of it. Also if a man become out of his wits, then let him take part of it, and make Christs mark on every limb, except the cross upon the forehead, that shall be of balsam, and the other also on the top of his head. Triacle (Syj^iuxov) is a good drink for all in- ward tendernesses, and the man, who so behaveth him- self as is here said, he may much help himself. On the day on which he will drink triacle, he shall fast until midday, and not let wind blow on him that day : then let him go to the bath, let him sit tliere VOL. IL T 290 L^CE BOC. hve]? yicte }^£e]i on oS f he fpfete • nime ];onne ane cuppan bo an lytel peapmep pcetpej' on mnan nime jjonne ane lytle pnreb ]>£&]" cypiacan -j jemenje ' pi|> ]3 psetep "j peoh J>upli }>ynne lipsejl bjimce ]7onne • -j ja s him j7onne to hip pefre "j beppeo hme peapme • ^ hcje fpa o]7 he pel fpaste • apij'e ]?onne -j fitre him up "j fcippe hme -j J^ic^e pi]7);an hip mete to nonef -j beopje him jeopne pi); ];one pmb p^jep baejep • ]?onne ^elype ic to jobe ^ hit ]7am men miclum jehelpe. Se hpita 1 0 ftan msej pi]> fcice -j pi]? pleojenbum atcpe • -j pi|? eallum uncuj^um bpocum • bu j-cealt hme fcapan on psetep "j bpmcan tela mieel "j J'sepe peaban eopj^an bsel pcape jfseji to -j ]?a franaf fmt ealle fpiSe jobe op to bpmcanne pi]? eallum uncu]7licu ]?in5 • ^ honne f pyji 1 1 op ]?am fcane aplejen Wt ip 50b pi^ lijetta • -j pi^ ]7unoppaba -j piS aelcep cynnef jebpol j^m^ • "j jip mon on hif pege bi]> jebpolob j-lea him anne fpeajican bepopan bi]? he j-ona on jiihtan. bip eal het ]ju]' fol. IOC a. pec;5ean ffilppebe cynin;<;e bomne heliaj' patpiapcha on 2 b ^epuj-alem. .LXV. Q^p hopf oj'fcoten pie • Nim Jjonne ■^ peax j^e ^vet lisepte fie pealo h]iy];e]ief hojm -j pien . III. rejiene nse^laf on • Pjiit }?onne j^am hopj-e on pam heapbe pojian cpifcep msel "j on leoJ»a jehpilcum ]?e J?u aetpeo- ixs Ian TOseje • Nim ]?onne f pmefcpe eape ]7U]ili ftmj fpi^enbe • ]?ip j^u j-cealt bon • ;5enim ane jipbe pleah on f base {?onne bi]; f hopp hal • -j appit on ]isey pcaxep hopne ];a]' jjojib • benebicite omnia opepa bomini bommum. Sy f ylpa ];e him fie ]np him maej 3c Co bote, pi]? utppepce bpembel ]?e pien bejeii enbaf After semense, MS. lias ])e pij'. | -' Head ealle. LEECH BOOK. TI. 291 till he sweat ; then let him take a cnp, and j)iit a Book II. little warm water in it, then lot him take a little bit '" '"^' of the triacle, and mingle with the water, and drain through some thin raiment, then drink it, and let him then go to his bed and wrap himself up warm, and so lie till he sweat well ; then let him arise and sit up and clothe himself, and then take his meat at noon, three Jiours past midday, and protect himself earnestly against the wind that day : then, I believe to God, that it may help the man much. The white stone is powerful against stitch, and against flying venom, and against all strange calamities : thou shalt shave it into water and drink a good mickle , and shave thereto a portion of the red earth, and the stones aie all very good to drink of, against all strange uncouth things. When the fire is struck out of the stone, it is good against lightenings and against thunders, and against delusion of every kind : and if a man in his way is gone astray, let him strike himself a spark before him, he will soon be in the right way. All this Dominus Helias, patriarch at Jerusalem, ordered one to say to king Alfred. Ixv. If a horse is elf shot,' then take the knife of whicli the haft is horn of a fallow ox, and on which are three brass nails, then write ujDon the horses forehead Christs mark, and on each of the limbs which thou may feel at : then take the left ear, prick a hole in it in silence ; this thou shalt do ; then take a yerd, strike the horse on the back, then will it be hole. And write upon the horn of the knife these words, " Benedicite omnia opera domini, dominum." Be the elf^ what it may, this is mighty for him to amends. Against dysentery, a * Elf shot in the Scottish phrase. I partitive, as II)nlc haele'Sa, what - The construction as in Ic hir I hero. eom, / am he ; combined with the I T 2 fol. lOG b. 292 L^CE BOC. on eo]i)?an • jenim ]?one neopjian pyjittjiuman belj: up ]7pi'c iiijon fponaf on ];a pmfcjian hanb *j ymj ]?pi]ia miSejiejie mei beuj- • -j nijon fijmm patep nojfteji • jennn j^omie mucjpyjit; • -j epelafcan • pyl ]?ap ]>peo ^ on meolcum o]> p hy jieabian fiipe }>onne on neahc nejxij jobe blebe puUe hpile sep he oJ?ejine inete J^icje • pefce lime j'opre • -j ppeo hme peapme • jip ma j^eapp fie bo eft fpa • jip ]>n J^onne jit ]?uppe bo }>pibban pi]je ne }>eappt ]m optop. rtp utjanj popfeten fie jenim ji'S- cojmep leapa jobe hanb pulle -j pa pupan pejbpseban nio]?opeapbe • "j boccan ];a ]>e fpimman pille • pyl paj" |7peo on ealbum ealab fpi]7e -j bo pealte butepan on pylle l^icce Iset; bpmcan jobe blebe pulle lipile sep oSpum mete -j ppeoh lime peapme • 'j pefce fcille bo }>up ];pipa iS ne ]7eapp opto*^. pip lunjen able laecebom bun caslire • paluie • pube be liealpan ]:'sepe paluian • pepep pujian emmicel |)apa tpejea pypta ]7a3]ie j-aluian ]?peo fpelc bpeopje bpoftlan liiepe ])e nu^ ealpa pypta pypmej-t on ]?a pealpe ]>e him J^ipej' 20 laecebomep peapp fie healbe hme jeojme pi]? jefpet eala bjimce hluttop eala -j on ]?£e)' hluttpan ealaS pyjite pylle jeonje acpmbe "j bjimce. pij? utpsepce gemm unfmepijne healpne cyfe bo enjlipcep huni^ep .ill. fnseba to • pylle on pannan op f hit bpunije • jenim ?i l^onne jeonjpe acpmbe hanb pulle "j fpa fpijenbe set ham jebpmj 'j nseppe m on j^one mon j-ceape p jjiene on utan pylle pa fagp fpone on cu meolce jefpete mib fol. 1U7 a. })pim fn^ebum humjef pone bpenc picje ponne mib Sy cype jepceji bpence .vii. niht eala popja *j meoloc ,. picje unfiipe. ^ip unlybbum fupe cu butejian .villi. ' Two herbs are named : the chips | - These words are scarcely with- are third. I out error. LEECH BOOK. II. 293 bramble of which both ends arc in the earth ; ^ take Booli il. the newer root, delve it up, cut up nine chips into the ^'^' '■''^' left hand, and sing three times the Miserere mei, deus, and nine times the pater noster ; then take mug wort and everlasting, boil these three, the vjorts and the chips, in milk till they get red, then let the man sip at night fasting a good dish full, some while before he taketh other meat ; let him rest himself soft, and wrap himself up warm ; if more need be, let him do so again : if thou still need, do it a third time, thou wilt not need oftener. If the fsecal discharge be lodged, take of the leaves of githcorn a good hand full, and the nether jDart of the rough waybroad, and the dock which will swim ; boil these three in old ale thoroughly and add salt butter, boil it tliick, let the inan drink a good dish full a while before other meat, and let him wrap himself up warm, and let him rest quiet ; do this thrice, no need to do it oftener. 2. For lung disease, a leechdom ; Dun taught it ; sage, rue, half as much as of the sage ; feverfue as much as of the two worts ; of pennyroyal three times as much as of the sage ; take thee of it of all worts foremost to put into the salve. Let the man, who hath need of this leechdom, withhold him- self earnestly from sweetened ale, let him drink clear ale, and in tlie wort of the clear ale let him boil young oak rind, and drink. For dysentery, take an ungreasy half cheese, and four parts of English honey, boil in a pan until it browneth, then take a liand full of young oak rind, and so in silence bring it home, and never bring it in to the mans presence, shave off the green outside the house, boil the sappy chips in cows milk, sweeten it mtli three parts of honey, let the man take the drink with the cheese, afterwards let him drink : for seven days let him fore- go ale and take milk ' not turned sour. For poisons ; let him sip cows butter for nine mornings, for three, ' Frequently seen : spontaneous propagation 294 L2ECE BOC mojijnaj" . III. yopan , viii. mojxjnay cepfillan jemefclice on pine ])]ubba bsel psetpef mme j^onne lipejilipettan nio])opea]ibe jmb on pylifc ^ ealo fpete mib liumje bpmce l^sepe teoj'an niht • Co mete ]7one bjienc on J^jieo Jjicje sQu ]7am ]?pim honcpebum. Pi]? ]?£epe jeolpan able • jenim nio]7opeapbe eolenan jebo ]3 J>u hsebbe on Jmm jzopman baaje J?onne J?ii hipe eepefc bpuce on mopjen nnn jjjieo fnseba *j )?peo on mht ■j hipe pculon beon on hunij ^efnseb • ^ ]yj sepcejian mepjen . Iiii. fnseba -j iiii. on mhc • "j ]?pibban mep- jen .V. fnaeba -j . V. on niht • -j J^y peop]?an mepjen. .VI. "j VI. on nihr. j)ep bpenc pceal pi]? |)on ilcan. jemm alexanbpian "j jpunbefpeljean cnua fmale -j bo Co bpence on bluccjium eala^. Tiy. men fie pseplicc ypele j^ypce . iii, cpifcep msel an on J^eepe cunsan o]7ep on |?am heajzbe • Jppibbe on J^am bpeofcum pona bi8 pel. To jehealbanne lichoman liselo mib bjnhcnep jebebe • j^if ip 8e]?ele Isecebom • genim myppan -j jejnib on ptn fpilce fie cela micel fceap ful -j J^icje on nihc nepcij • fol. 107. b. "j epc ]?onne pefcan pille f jehealbe]? punboplice Iteho- man liselo "j htc eac beah pi)> peonbep cofcunjtim yplum. Jjonne ip epfc pe je];elefca Isecebom Co ]7on ilcan • jenim N/ myppan -j lijnc pecelp *j fap man • -j faluiam • 'j pupman -j jyvey pecelj-ep -j myppan fy mjepc • -j ]?a o]7]ie fyn aj^ejene )?apa fien empela • 'j aecfomne on mojicepe jejnibe Co bufce pefcCe unbep peopob jjonne cpifcep Cib fie -j jefmje mon .iii. maejyan opep J>a .in. bajaf on mibne V pmcep -j sec fcepanep cibe "j See lohannep euanje- bfca -j ]?a ]7py bajap ]>icje on pme on nealiC nepcij -j V f ]>8ep Co lape fie Jjsep bufcep haja -j jebealb; hit ' pyhcf, MS. LEECH BOOK. IJ. 295 soap, for eight mornings of chervil, a moderate quantity, Book II. in wine., a third part cdso of water ; then let him take '' ^^' the netherward part of cucumber, rub it up into foreign ale, sweeten with honey, let the man di-inlc that the tenth night, for meat let him take the drink at three times at the three cock crowings, 3. For the yellow disease ; take the netherward part of helenium, contrive that thou mayest have it on the previous day ; when first thou usest it, take three pieces in the morning and three at night, and they shall be hits of it sliced into honey ; and the second morning four pieces, and four at night; and the third morning five pieces, and five at night ; and the fourth morning six, and six at night. The following drink shall avail for the same ; take alexanders and ground- sel, pound them small, and form them into a potion in clear ale. If a man have sudden ailments, make three marks of Christ, one on the tongue, the second on the head, the third upon the breast, soon he will be well. To keep the body in health with prayer to the Lord : this is a noble leechdom : take myrrh and rub it into wine, so much as may be a good stoup full, and let the man take it at night fasting, and again when he will rest ; that wonderfully upholdeth the health of the body, and it also is efficacious against the evil temptings of the fiend. 4. This is the noblest leechdom for the same ; take myrrh and white frankincense, and savine and sage, and dyeweed, and of the frankincense and of the myrrh let there be most, and let the others be weighed, of them let there be equal quantities ; and have them rubbed to dust together in a mortar, have them set under the altar, when it is Christmas tide, and let one sing three masses over them, for three days in mid- winter, and at St. Stephens tide, and St. John the evangelists day, and for those three days let the man take the leechdom in wine at night fasting, and what there is left of the dust hold and keep ; it is power- 296 LiECE BOO. mtej ]n]} eallum ym]x ' untpymnej'j'um • je pi]? peppe ge pi]? lenccen able ^e pi]? acjie • je pi]? ypelpe lypce. Jeppicu eac j'ecjea]? ]-e ]?e ]?one Isecebom beja ^ he lime mseje jehealban . Xll. mona]? pi]? ealjia unCpym- neppa pjiecenejye, ^ J>onne epc pi^ 5ic]?an •]? eal pe lichoma jy clanep hipep 'j jlabep -j beophtep- jenim ele "j ealbep pinep bjiseptan empela bo on moptepe jemenj pel to fomne •j fmijie mib ]?y ]?one liclioman on funnan. pi^ selpe ]? ]?sep elep fie ]?pibban bsel bepylleb -j fmipe mib ]?oiie lichoman ealne get; pype • "j msejye ppeofr pceal bon ]?one Igecebom jip man liffip}?. Pi]? jonjel pjeppan bite fmic on ij'en fpat. pi]? utpilite meji ;5eallan • bla3C fnejl pyl on meolcum pup on sepenne -j on ^ mopjenne. !Deapob pealp mupjie -j alpe libania ealpa jelice pela menj jn]? eceb fmipe mib ]? heapob. pi]? ]?on ilcan fpepl "j fpejlep seppel mujijie • -j pejhpilce]' ^ cynnep pecelf nijon j'yjita enjlifce . poUeie • bpem- bel • seppel • elehtjie • bipceop pypt • pmul • pupe peg- bpaebe • liajian fppecel • fio liape pyjit • li]? pypt • ealpa ]?ippa empela • oleuni [mpipmopum] • ^ halij psetep • lialij pealc • o]>ep ele • fmipe ]?e mib }?yp upan J?onne ]?u hi jnibe. . LXVI. Cf. Marbodscus. Be ]?am fcane ]?e jajatep hatte ip pseb jj? he . viil. msejen haebbe. An i]- ]?onne J?unoppab bij? ne pce]?e'S ' Head jxjiliciim. I •' The letters have been paled - Perliaps niiswritten. | away purposely. LEECH BOOK, II. 297 fill against all dangerous infirmities, cither against Book li. fever, or against typhus, or against poison, or against ^'''' ''''^' evil air. Writings also say, that he who employs the leechdom is able to preserve himself for twelve months against peril of all infirmities. 5. Then again, against itch, and that all the body may be of a clean, and glad, and bright hue : take oil and dregs of old wine, equally much, put them into a mortar, mingle well together, and smear the body with this in the sun. Against an elf and against a strange visitor,' rub myrrh in wine and as mickle of white frankincense, and shave off a part of the stone called agate into the wine, let him drink this for three morn- ings after his nights fast, or for nine, or for twelve. For land disease or nostalgia, boil wormwood so dry (or) so green, as he hath there, in oleum infirm orum, the oil of extreme unction, till a third part of the oil is boiled away, and smear all the body at the fire with it, and a mass priest shall perform the leechdom, if a man hath means to pet one. For a bite of r'-ano- weaving spider, smudge hydromeP on iron. For dia- rhoea, boil in milk horse gall and black snail, sip in the morning and evening. A head salve ; myrrh and aloes, and libanum or frankincense, of all a like quan- tity, mingle with vinegar, smear the head therewith. For the same ; sulfur and swails apple, myrrh and fi-ankincense of every sort ; nine English worts, pule- gium, bramble, apple, lupin, bishopwort, femiel, rough waybroad, vipers bugloss, the hoar wort, lithewort, of all these equal quantities ; oil of unction, holy water, holy salt,'^ common oil, smear thyself with this up- wards on the head, when thou hast rubbed them. Ixvi. Of the stone which liight agate. It is said that it hath eight virtues. One is when there is thunde)-, it ' Interpreted by Herbarium cxi. 3. I ^ Salt which has had the formula ^ Perhaps 'S'weaf. | of benediction pronounced over it. 298 LiECE BOC. }?am men ])e ];one lean mib linn heefS. Oj^eji msejen ly on fpa hpilcum Lufe fpa he bi]? ne msej J)8ep mne peonb pefan. bjiibbe maejen ip f nan attoji jmm men fol. 108 b. ne rasej pce]?]?an l^e ];one fran mib hnn liapa]?. Feop]7e msesen ip p fe man pe pe jjone la];an peonb on hmi beajollice liEepj^ jip he ]>8e]' franep jepceapenep hpilcne bsel on ptetan onpehS ];onne bi]^ pona fpeotol a3'ceopob on him f sep beajol maS. Fipte msejen if pe ]>c jienijjie able jebjieht bi]> jip he pone fean on psecan pijep him hip pona ]-el. Syxre mjBjen if f bjiycjuepo pam men ne bejiej) pe ];e lime mib him hsepS. Seopope masjen if ^ pe ]ye pone fcan on bjimce onpehS he hrepp pe fmeppan lichoman. Gahtope ip pjBp franej- msejen ']3 nan nsebjian cynnep bite pam pceppan ne mtej pe pone fcan on psetan bypijp. LXVII. bimifcce. Punb elep jepih'S . xii. penejum Iseppe ponne punb paBtjief • "j punb ealo^ jepihS . vi. penejum mape ponne punb p^tjief • "j . I. punb piiiej- jepiliS . XV. penejum map.e ponne . I. punb psetpef • -j punb hunijej* jepihS ^ . xxxiiii. penejum mape ponne punb pastpep • -j . i. punb butejian jepiliS • Ixxx. penejum Iseppe ponne punb ^ psetpep • "j punb beojief jepiliS . xxii. penejum Iseppe ponne punb pa3t]iep • "j I. punb melopep jepihB . cxv. » penejum Irepj'e ponne punb psetpep • 'j I. punb beana jepihS . Iv. penejum Iseppe ponne punb psecpef • -j XV. fol. 109 a. punb * psetjief jap to peptpe :• balb liabet hunc^ libpum cilb quem confcpibepe lufpic: lOte pjiecop appibue cunctif m nomine cpipti' Quo ^ nuUup to Hat litinc libpum peppibuf a me • Nee ui nee pupto nee quobam pamme palpo- Cup qiua^ nulla nnhi tam cajia eSc optima jaza- Qiiam capi libpi quop cpipti jpatia comit. ' An error, read yntj-an, ounces. I '-^ Head Quod. - liunb, MS. I ' Read as Cur ? Quia. LEECH BOOK. II. 209 cloth not scathe the man who hath this stone with liim. Another virtue is, on whatsoever house it is, therein ;i fiend i')erha'ps enemy may not be. The third virtue is, that no venom may scathe the man wlio hath the stone with him. The fourth virtue is, that the man, who hath on him secretly the loathly fiend, if he takcth in liquid any portion of the sl)avings of this stone, then soon is exhibited manifestly in him, that wliich before secretly lay hid. The fifth virtue is, he who is afilicted with any disease, if he taketli the stone in lic^uid, it is soon well with him. The sixth virtue is, that sor- cery hurteth not the man, who has the stone with him. The seventh virtue is, that he who taketh the stone in drink, will have so much the smootlier body. The eighth virtue of the stone is, that no bite of any kind of snake may scathe him who tasteth the stone in liquid. Book II. (Jh. Ixvi. Ixvii. A pint of oil weigheth twelve pennies ' less than a pint of water ; and a pint of ale weigheth six pennies more than a pint of water ; and a joint of wine weigh- eth fifteen pennies more than a pint of water ; and a pint of honey weigheth thirty-four pennies more than a, pint of water ; and a pint of butter weigheth eighty pennies less than a pint of water ; and a pint of beer weigheth twenty-two pennies less than a pint of water ; and a pint of meal weigheth 115 pennies less than a pint of water; and a pint of beans weigheth fifty-five pennies less than a pint of water; and fifteen ounces of water go to the sextarius.^ ' This is the Saxon silver penny of twenty-foiir grains, ovir penny- weight. - " Sextarius medieinalis habct uncias deccia." Plin. Valer. Pref. 300 LMCE BOC. [Book III.] y\]> heaj-'ob ece • -j yip ealbum lieajrob ece • -j pi]> liealpej' heafbej- ece. II. pi]? afpollenum eajum -j 50b V eab yealj: • -j pi^ mifce on eajan -j pi^ plie • "j pi8 pyp- mum on eajum -j yip p?em. jip jrlsej'c on eajum peaxe • J "j 6^r o^ ea^um peaxan peabe fponje • "j jip ea^an rypen *j j'ceabe j'ealp to eajum • *j fme]?e eali pealp. .III. yip eappsepce -j pij> j^sem jip pypmaf jyn on eapan -j 50b eap pealp. IIII. ]?!]? to]:' ece "j jip tej> fyn hole. • V. pi|? mnan tobpocenum muSe .VI. ])ip ceoc able •j pij> ceol psepce. Vii. pi]? healp psepce. VIII. pi}? bice. Villi, yip hpoftan. X. pi]? ]7am pe mon blobe lipsece. XL pij? ]-eonbum ^eallan. xii. pi]? pseye jeolpan able. xill. pi]? bpeofc ])^pce. xiiii. pi]? h]?ofean -j yip lunjen able. XV. pij? majan psepce -j pi]? a]?unbene]ye. xvi. piS milt ])8epce. fol. 109 b. .XVII. pi]? Imben ppepce. xviii. pi J? pambe psejice •j p^ypel paepce. xviiii. yip bl8ebbe]^ ppepce. . XX. yip ]?am jip man ne mseje gemijan -j ]?am men pe ftanaf peaxan on ]?8epe blsebjian. xxi. pj]? ]?am jip men fie fe utjanj popfeten. xxii. yip iicj-iht able bpenc "j bpip. xxiii. yip ]?am pypmum ]?e beo]? on mannep inno]?e. xxiiii. yip li^ psejice. XXV. yip peaptum. XXVI. piS ]?am miclan lice fmipmj -j ba)]? •j bpenc *j bjup. XXVII. pij? finjalum ]?upfi:e un- tjiumpa manna, xxviii. yip mnan pojitoje -j fma3l ]?eapma ece. xxviiii. pi]? ]?am ]?e man fie mib pyjic anum pojxbsepneb -j pi]? pniw pe man fie mib psetan po^bsepneb • -j yip funbjiyne. xxx. yip ]?eope bjienc '^ Head i^cojie. *j ept pi]? }?£epe=^ "j fceotenbum penne -j ept be]?in3 pi]? J?am jip ]?eo]i [^epunije on anpe frope. XXXI. pij? penne pealp. xxxii. pi]? bolje pealp. xxxiii. yip ]?am LEECTI 7100K. TIT. 301 Booh III. IJooklTI. 1. For head ache, and for old head ache, and for Contents. ache of half the head, commonly called megrim. 2. For •swollen eyes, and a good eye salve, and for mist in the eyes, and against white speck, and against worms in the eyes, and in case flesh wax upon the eyes, and if red sponges wax on the eyes, and if the eyes are bleared, and a salve for obscure vision of the eyes, and a smooth eye salve. 8. For pain of ear, and in case worms are in the ears, and a good ear salve. 4. For tooth ache, and if the teeth are hollow. 5. For a mouth broken out within. 6. For cheek or javj disease, and for pain in the jowl. 7. Against neck pain. 8. Against cancer, 9. For cough. 10. In case a man break up blood. 11. For flowing gall. 12. For the yellow disease or jaundice. 13. For breast pain. 14. For cough and for lung disease. 15. For pain in the maw or stomach, and distention. IG. For pain of spleen, 17. For loin pain. 18, For wamb or belly pain, and for pain in the fat about the belly, where the kidneys are lodged. 19. For bladder pain. 20. In case a man may not mie, and for the man in whose bladder stones wax. 21. For the case where a mans fsecal discharge is ob- structed. 22. For diarrhoea, a drink and a brewit. 23. For the worms which be in a mans inwards. 24. For joint pain. 25. For warts. 26. For leprosy or elephan- tiasis, a smearing, and a bath and a drink, and a brewit. 27. For the constant thirst of men out of health. 28. For gripe and ache of small guts. 29. In case a man be burnt with fire only, and in case a man is burnt with liquid, and for sun burning. 30. A drink against the "dry" disease, and again for that, and for a shooting wen, ivith shooting pai/ns, and again a fomentation for it, if the "dry" disease remain in one place. 31. A salve for a wen. 32. A salve for a wen. 33. In case a man be wounded in 302 L^CE BOC. pj: man fie uj:an on heapob piinb -j fie ban jebjiocen •j pi]; |?am jij: fio eaxl upfcije , -j 30b bolh bjienc 'j jip jebpocen ban fie on heapbe -j op nelle. xxxiiii. j7i]? hunbep plite -j pi]? pon ^ip junpe pojicoppene -j pij? fol. 110 a. j'am jip fmpe fien jefcpuncene. xxxv. pij? jonje- pipjian biCe. xxxvi. Pi}? cancjie. xxxvii. pi]? pam )?e jnp ne mseje beapn acennan -j gip op pipe nelle jan sepcep ]?am beop]?pe f jecynbelic fie • •j jip op ^ pipe fie beab beapn • 'j pi]? ]?am pp pip blebe to fpi]?e sepcep pam beop]?pe. xxxviii. pi]? ]?am ]?e pipum fie popfcan- ben hipa monaS jecynb ^ pi]? ]?am jip pipe ro fpi]?e opplope fio mono]? jecynb. xxxviiil. pi]? fmeajea pyjime fmipmj -j anlejen* -j bej?inj -j pealp. XL. pi]? ]?am ]?e man fie mona]? feoc. [XLI.] ^ pi]? ealle peonbep cofcunja bpenc *j pealp. pi]? ]?on ilcan -j hu man j'cyle jepitfeocne man lacnian • "j hu mon pcyle pypcean fpipbjienc ucypnenbum. XLii. pi]? ]?am jip fpi]?bpenc on men jefittan^ ^ he nelle utjan. XLili. pi]? atcjiep bpence. [XLiili.] * pi]? lupuni, XLV. J}i]) ]?am jip }?opn fcmje mon on pot oSSe hjieob *j ]?onne nelle opjan. XLVI. Pi]? sepmselum -j pi]? eallum ea^na psepce. XLVii. Pi]? lypc able jip fe mu]; fie poll o}?]?e pon Isecebom 'j bepmj -j bse]? pealp -j leah "j blobej' Isep. XLVili, pi]? pic able bpenc -j be]?in5. XLVIIII. pij? fculbo-^ psejice fol. 110 1). -j eapma. L. pi]? cneopa pape, LI, pi]? pota pape. LIL Pi]? ]?am jip pu ne maije blob bolj pojipjii]?an. LilL Pi]? ]?am jip meoloc fie jepepb. liiil ]}i]> nihc jengean v^ pealp. lv. pi]? ]?am jip men beo fio heapob paime jehlenceb. LVI. PiS }?am jip men nelle meltan hip mete. LVii. pi]? p'Tp jemEeblan. LVIII. pi}? peonbep cofcunja, LViiii, Pi]? ]?eo'^ penne jip he fie men on cneope o]>]>e on o]?pum lime. LX, be ]?am hu mon pcyle eap pealpe pypcean. . LXI. pi]? telp cynne pealp 'j pi]? nihc jenjaii , "j ' Read on. ^ xij. is omitted in MS. ' Read j;cfitce. ' xLiiii. is omitted in MS. LEECH BOOK. III. 303 the head and bone be broken, and in case the shoulder r.uok ill. rise by dislocation, and a good wound drink, and if a <-'"^"i''^^"''''- broken bone be in the head and will not come aAvay. 34. For tear by a hound, and if sinews be cut tlirough, and in case sinews be shrunken. 85. For the bite of the gangwayweaving spider. 30. For cancer. 37. In case a woman may not kindle a child, and if, after the birth, that which is natural will not come away from a woman ; and in case there be a dead bairn in a woman, and in case a woman bleed too much after the birth. 38. In case womens natural catamenia be stopped, and in case the natural catamenia flow too freely. 39. A smearing, a,nd an onlaying, and a fomentation, and a salve against a boring worm, 40. In case a man be a lunatic. 41. A drink and a salve for all temptations of the fiend. For the same, and how one must treat a deranged man ; and how a man shall work a spew drink for those that have diarrhcea." 42. In case a strong dose lodge in a man and will not come away. 43. Against a drink of poison. 44. Against lice. 45. In case a thorn, or a reed, prick a man in the foot, and will not be got rid of 40. Against imminutions and all pain of eyes. 47. Against palsy, if the moutli be awry or livid, a leechdom and a fomentation, and a bath salve, and ley and bloodletting. 48. Drink and fomentation for "fig" dieease. 49. For pain of shoulder blade and arms. 50. For sore of knees. 51. For sore of feet. 52. In case thou be not able to bind up a bloodletting incision. 53. In case milk is turned sour. 54. A salve against night comers, incubi, etc. 55. In case a mans skull is " linked," or seems to feel bound round. 56. In case a mans meat will not digest. 57. Against womens prating. 58. Against temptations of the fiend. 59. Against a "dry'' wen, if a man hath it on his knee or on another limb. CO. Of this ; liow a man must work an earsalve. 61. A salve against the elfin race and night goblins, and for the women, 304 L^CE BOC. ]?am raonnum j^e beojrol mib liEem^. LXii, pi]? ?elf able Isecebom -j eyt liu mon j-ceal on J?a pypte pinjan sep hi mon nime -j ept liu mon j-ceal |?a pypta bon rnibeji peopob -j opeji fmjan • -j ept tacnu be ]?am hpsej^eji hit fie telp pojoj^a -j tacn hu ]pu onjitan meahc hpsej^ep hme mon msej jelacman -j bjiencaf "j jebebu pi]; selcpe peonbep cofcunje. LXiii. Tacnu hii J>u meaht onjitan hpEej^ep mon fie on pfetep selp able • -j Isecebom yi]> j^am -j jealbop on -co fmjanne -j ]5 ilce mon msej fmjan on punba. LXilil. pi^ beople li|?e bpenc • -j unjemynbe • -j pi]? beoplef cofcunja. Lxv. fol. Hi a. pi]? }?on pp mon fie jejymeb "j cacnvi hp8e}>ep he libban mseje. lxvi. bpenc pi]? }7am jip ]?eop fie on men. LXVII. Pi}? beople feoce "j pi]? beople. LXViii. Pi]? peben heopfce leoht bpenc. LViiii. pi]? ]?am^ pp men fie maja afupob -j po'^]?unben • -j pi]? majan pjepce • -j jip man bi]? a]?unben. Lxx. pi]? pambe psGpce • "j pi]? majan psepce • 'j pij? pambe heapbneppe. LXXI. piS fppmje fraipmj -j fealp. LXXii. Pi]? attpe bpenc "j fmipinj. LXXiii. pi]? ]?0epe jeolpan able. Lxxiiii. pi]? }^am pp mnelpe fi uce. Lxxv. pi]? selcpe innan untjiymneppe -j pi]? hepijnejje -j pi]? hleopblsece. LXXVI. be ]?am hu man fcyle halite pealpe pypcean. Pi}? ]?on ]?e mon on heapob ace • jenim nio]?o- peapbe ppsecce bo on jieabne ppasb bmbe ■]? heapob mib. PiJ? ]?on ilcan • mm fenepej- preb -j jmbun jejnib on ele bo on hat; psetep ]?peah jelome ]? heapob on ]?am p?et]ie he bi]? hal. pi]? ealbum heapob ece jenim bpeopje > f i)>a, MS. LEKCII BOOK. III. 305 with wlioin tlio devil liatli commerce. 02, Against elf Hook irr. disease, a leeclidom ; and again, liow one nnist sing ^''""'-■"»'*- upon tlie Avorts, ere one take them ; and again, how one must put tlie worts nnder the altar, and sing over them ; and again tokens of this, whether it be elf liicket, and tokens how thou mayst understand, whether one may cure the man ; and drinks and praycM-s against every temptation of the fiend. 63, Tokens how thou mayst understand whether a man he in the water elf disease, and a leeclidom for that, and a charm to lie sang upon it, and that ilk may be sung over wounds, G-t. A lithe or soft drink against the devil, and want of memory, and against tem})tations of the devil. (i5. In case a man be overlooked, and tokens whether lie may live. GQ. A drink in case the " dry " disease be on a man. 07. For the devil sick or demoniac, and against the devil, G8, A light drink against the Avild heart, 09, In case a mans maw be soured and dis- tended ; and against pain of the maw, and if a man be inflated. 70. For pain of the wamb, and for })ain of the maw, and for hardness of the wainb. 71. Against carbuncle ; an ointment and a salve. 72. A drink and smearing against venom. 7o. For the yellow disease, jaundice. 74. In case the bowels be out. 75. For every inward inflrmity, and for heaviness, and for cheek blotch. 7(5. Of this, how a man must make a holy salve. i. In case a man ache in the head ; take the nether- ward part of crosswort/ put it on a red fdlet, let In'ni bind the head therewith. For that ilk, take seed of mustard and rue, rub into oil, put into hot water, wash the head often in the water, the nnan will be hale. For an old head ache, take penn^'royal, lioil in oil, (.r ' Galium criiciiitiim. VOL. II. U 30G L^CE BOC. bpofclan pyl on ele 0iS6e on butjian fmipe mib ^ ]>e fol. iiib. ealbum heapob ece mm pealc *j puban -j ipij cpop cnua ealle to pomne ^ bo on hunij -j fmipe mib j;a Jmnpan- ^ jan • *j }?one hnij:el "j upan ^ heapob. To pion ilcan pec lycle franaf on fpealpan bjiibba majan -j healb f liie ne hpman eopj^an ne pcetpe • ne o]?]ium fcanum bepeopa hipa . ill. on ])on ]?e ]?u piUe bo on ];one nion ]?e hira ];eapp fie him h\]> j'ona pel • hi beo]? jobe pi]> heapob ece -j pi]> ea^psepce -j pi]? peonbep cofcunja -j nilitjenjan • "j lencten able "j majian -j pyjitpopbojie • " "j malfcpa • -j yplmii jealbo-^ cpsepcum • hit fculon beon micle bpibbaj' ]?e ]?u hie pcealc on pmban- i^ip mon on healp heapob ace ^ecnna jiuban fpi];e bo on fcjian^ eceb •j fmipe mib ]> heapob iipan julite. pij? J)on ilcan abelp pejbpseban butan ifene se]\ funnan upjanje binb \)a, mojian ymb ]3 heapob mib ppsete peabe ppsebe pona liTm bi6 pel. .II. \)i\> afpoUenum eajum jenim cucune hjiepn " abo |7a eajan op -j ept eucnne jebpmj on p?etpe "j bo ]?a eaii^an ]>am men on fpeopan ])e him ]'eapp pie lie bi]? j'ona hal. Pyj^c jobe ea^pealpe Nim celeJ?oman -j bipceop pyjit • pepmob • jnibu mejice • piibu bmbep leap • bo ealpa empela cnupa j'el bo on hunij • -j on jun • *j on tt;pen pcet oiSSe on cypepen bo tpiebe J^sej' fol. 112 n. pmep • -j ];]nbban basl ])?ej' hiini^ep bo y j'e pseta maeje puji]nim opep ypnan ]?a pypta Itet ftanban .VII. mht •j ])peoh inib b]iebe afeoh J^iiph clsonne claj? '5one bpenc bo ept on p lice pa3t nytta fpa ];e ]?eapp pie. Se mon > The MS. has a stop after mih. j ^ Nearly as Marcellns, col. 269 f. 2 j-ome, MS. LEECH BOOK. III. 807 in butter, smear tlicrewitli tlio temples, and over the ^o^^ ^T. eyes, and on the top of the head; though his intellect be deranged, he will be hale. For a very old head ache ; take salt and rue, and a bunch of ivy berries, pound all at once, add honey, and therewith smear the temples, and the forehead, and the top of the head. For that ilk ; seek in the maw of young swallows for some little stones, and mind that they touch neither earth, nor water, nor other stones ; look out three of them ; put them on the man, on whom thou wilt, him who hath the need, he will soon be well. They are good for head ache, and for eye wark, and for the fiends temptations, and for night gohlin visitors, and for typhus, and for the night mare, and for knot, and for fascination, and for evil enchantments by song. It must be big nestlings on which thou shalt find them. If a man ache in half his head, pound rue thoroughly, put it into strong vinegar, and smear therewith the head, right on the top. For that ilk ; delve up way broad without iron, ere the rising of the sun, bind the roots about the head, with crosswort, by a red fillet, soon he will be well. ii. For swoUen eyes, take a live crab, put his eyes out, and put him alive again into water, and put the eyes upon the neck of the man, who hath need ; he will soon be well. Work a good eye salve thus; take celandine and bishop wort, wormwood, wood march e, leaves of woodbind ; put equal quantities of all, pound them well, put them into honey, and into wine, and into a brazen vessel, or a copper one ; put in of the wine' two parts in three, and a third part of the honey, order it so that the liquor may just overrun the worts ; let it stand for seven nights, and wrap it up with a piece of stuff"; strain the drink through a clean cloth, put it again into that ilk vessel, use as occasion may be. u 2 308 LiECE BOO. ye him jebe]? ymb .xxx. nilita jroxej' jelynbc]' b?el on ]';x ea-(;an lie bi]; ece lial ; Ti): mifc ]ne pope eajum mm cilbcy lilonb "j liiinijej' ceaji menj CO]^omne bejea emjrela friiijie mib ]>a ea^aii Jnnan ; 6j:c lijiepne]' jeallan -j leaxe]' "j eley -j ye]h beon huuij menj to j^omne fmijie raib ];a'jie j-ealjre mnan ]>a eajan ; \ ])i]> ybe jebrejmeb j^ealc *j fpejley [eppel -j atcpum ealjia emjrela jmb to bufte ^ bo on ]^a eajan ]>])eali leohrlicc mib pylle j^retjie -j fmijie cefteji mib piyey meolce ; Tij: pj'pma]' fien on eajum j'ccajipa ]>a bpropaj' mnan bo on ]>a pcea]ipan celeJ)onian yeaj' • ))a ])yjimaf bio]^ beabe "j j^a eajan hale. Tip pLDj'c on ea^um peaxe pjnnj ]'ypii^ Pyp'^^ ^^ 1^^ eajan o]? ]> him ]-el yie. Tip on ea;5an peaxcn peabe fponje bjiype on hat ciilp)ian blob o]?pe fj'ealpan obiSe ]'ipep meoluc o]> -p ]>a fponje apej pynb. Tip eajan cyjien mm bjiije puban •j hunijep teaji menj cofomne last fcanban .III. nihr fol. 112 1). •'^Ppii^S ]m]ih ]?icne cla"iS Imenne -j bo on ]:>a eajan ]'i]>]>an. Py]ic 5obe bpije fcabe fealpe mm fpe^lep V a^pjjel -j jebaspneb j'ealc "j pipo-^ 'j atcjium -j hpit epubu jejmb to bufce apipc ]?n]ih cla5 bo lytlum on. 6pt hpit c])ubu "j jeboepneb ofcep pcyl jmb to bufce ■j nytta fpa ]>e ];eapp fie a^jl^eji m?e^ abon plie op eajan. Py]ic fme])e eajpealpe mm butepan pyl on ^ pannan apleou p pam op 'j ahlytcpe ]?a Initejian on blebe bo ept •]> hlutt|ie on paiinan jecnua celepoman LEECH J300K. III. 309 The man who putteth upon his eyes for about tliiiLy nights, part of tlie suet of a fox, he will be for ever healthy. 2. If there be a mist before the eyes, t;ike a eliih.ls urine and virgin honey, mingle together of both eipial quantities, smear the eyes therewith on tlie inside. 3. Again, mingle together a erabs gall/ and a sal- mons, and an eels, and field bees honey, smear the eyes inwardly witli the salve. 4. Against a white spot in the eye; rub to dust burnt salt, and swails apple, and olusatrum, of all equal quantities, rub to dust, and put on the eyes, wash lightly with spring water, smear afterwards with womans milk. 5. If there are worms in the eyes, scarify the lids within, apply to the scarifications the juice of celan- dine ; the worms will be dead and the eyes healthy. If flesh v/ax on eyes, wring wormwort into the eyes, till they are well. G, If red sponges wax on the eyes, drop on them hot culvers blood, or swallows, or womans milk, till the sponges be got rid of If eyes are bleared, take dry rue and virgin honey, mingle together, let it stand for three nights, wring through a thick linen cloth, and afterwards apply to the eyes. Work a good dry salve for dim vision thus : take swails apple, and l)UiMit salt, and pepper, and olusatrum, and mastich ; rub to dust, sift through a cloth, apply by little and little. Again, reduce to dust mastich, and burut oyster shell, and use as need be ; either hath power to remove white spot from the eyes. Work a smooth eyesalve fJtus ; take buttei-, boil in a pan, skim the foam off, and purify the butter in a dish; put the clear part again into a pan ; pound celandine 15(...k III. Cli. ii. ' " Corvi marini fcl." Marcellus, col. 277. F. If that passage were in view, this fish would be the mullet, MiKjil cefalus : hut I follov/ the passage in Wanlc}, p. IG8a. IIa3)ci>n v.i another spelling. olO LJiCE BOC. •j bilceop pyjit; • pubu mejice • yyl l'pi]?e aj'eoli j;u]ili cla'S nycra Ipa ];e J^eaji}: lie ; .III. pi]? eap psejice jenim henne jelynbo -j ofcep ycylle yete on gleba jepypm hpon -j bpyp on J^a eapan Ibua Leo's hale ; Gft: celenbpan ^ j-eap -j jnpejf meoluc jepypm on pcylle -j bjiyp on ]?a eajian • jij: pypniaf jpien on eapan bo belenaii peap peapm on ]7a pypmaf hie beo]? beabe 'j peallaS op "j ]?a eapan hale. GpT pjnnj cupmeallan j-eap on o^^e mapubian o^^e ])ejunob peapmne Sona hmi biS ]-el. Pypc jobe eaji j-ealpe • jenim bajiej- jeallan • -j peappef • *j ele ealpa empela Iset bpypan peajun on ]5 eape. .nil. ^0^' ^^3^- Pi|j to]) ece ceop pipop jelome mib pain to)7nni him bip* pona pel. 6pr jeoS beolenan mojian on Ibjianjum ecebe o]>j7e on pine pete on ]7one papan coj? ^j hj)ilum ceope mib ]>y jajian cope he biS hal. gip pa tep lynb hole ceop bopenej-" inojuin mib ecebe on pa healpe. Pip iimaii trobjiocenmn niuSe mm plum tjieopej- leaj- pyl on pme -j Ipile mib pone mup :• .VI. VrS ceoc able mm pone hj7eoppan ])e ptp inib fpmnab bmb on hip fpeopan mib pyllenan ppsebe "j licad celeK'Uian. bosenc)-, with epan ]'opn • jelpretc • eopo)i];pote • cicena mete • bnlhjuine • j^ylilc luojui • liiiiit beaniep leap • nsep • gcajrpe • ho}:c • hoc leap • alexanbjie • pica peppica-~ I'e piila pepinob • lio jjieate banpyjic • acleap • pegbpiube • jjmnbe fpelje • peab chvpjie • Icahtpic • ]nipe ]>]itel • tajiii • heje clipe • chip V J^iinj • enjlipc mopu • bynije. .Villi. Pi]? hpol'tan pyl majiubian on ptetpe jobne bjel je- fpet lipon pele bjiincan jcenc pnl/' 6pc mapnbian fpr?e pyl on huiiije bo hpon bntejian on pele .ill. i'npeba o])]'e .1111. etan on iieaht nej-tij bepup Icenc pulne nnb j'eajunc]* ]'iup iL'jipan bpencej-. ' Read J'oniU' ]M^■ J'onc. | ' j-cenc is inaHC. Kcad jiilnc. ^ A stop after jica in MS. LEECH r.OOK. III. ^13 soats milk; it will bo well with liim. For jowl pain; l'-',j'l^ !"• delve up waybruad before tlie rising ot the ,sini, bind upon the mans neck. Again, burn a swallow to dust, and mingle lum with field bees honey ; give the man Api» iulvurum. that to eat frequently. vii. For neck pain ; boil the nether ward part of nettle in fat of ox and in butter, then for the hals wark, smear the thighs ; if the thighs be in pain, smear the neck with the salve. Again, boil the netherward part of nettle in vinegar, add ox gall to the vinegar and remove the wort ; smear the neck therewith. viu. For cancer, work a salve ; take these worts, savine, and marsh mallow, and attorlothe, and withywind, and cucumber, and clovewort, or ranwiicidas, and turnsol, hindhcal, mugwort, wild chervil, agrimou}^, crosswort, lovage, maythe, githcorn, woad, fennel, tufty thorn, wildoat, everthroat, chickenmeat, pellitory, carot, leaves of the nut tree, nepeta cattaria, yarrow, hove, hollyhock, alexanders, vinca pervinca, or 'perivjlnkle, the foul wormwood, the great bonewort, oak leaves, waybroad, groundsel, red clover, lettuce, tufty thistle, tar, hedge clivers, cloiiing, wild parsnip, * * * * IX. For host or coufjh ; boil inarrubium in water, a good deal of it, sweeten a little, give the mail to drink a cup full. Again, boil marrubium strongly in honey, add a little butter, give three or four bits for tJic man to eat ; at night fasting let him sup up a cup full of the former drink warm therewith. 314 LzECE BOC. V]]> ]?on ]7e mon blobe lip?ece -j I'pipe • jentm 50b bejien mela • *j lipit: yenlt bo on peam o])]>e jobe ylete hpep on blebe o]) p hi" I'le ];icce fpa ]7ynne Ljup pele fol. ii4ii. ecan .Villi, pnasba .Villi, mopjenaf on' nealic nej-tij • bo }>a3p melupej- tpeiebe -j ];tep pealtef jjpibban bsel pyjic t)elce bsege mpne. .XL Pi]? feonbum jeallan ete pa^bic "j pipo^ on neaht neptij • -j apylleb Impteb on meolce I'upe mib ~ bo ]?up 5elome lnm bi]? j'ona pel. .XII. Vi^ ]>se]\e jeolpan able fio cymS op feonbum ;5eallan jenim ])sey j-ceappan ];iMep mopan "j betonican • -j at- Copla]?an hanb fuUe • -j ^yj^pipan hanb pulle "j .villi. fnaBba niojjopeapbe fej'cj^potan op jeot mib fcpanjan beope • o]7];e mib frpanjnm ealaS "j bpmce ^elome pele him etan jepyptobne henpugel *j jepobenne capel on jobum bpoSe bo J^up jelome him bij) fona pel. Pypc 5obne bufc bjienc pi]> |?8spe jeolpan able . mm mepcep yi&b • -j pmolep yseb • bile pseb • eopopf'potan V fseb . pelbmopan fseb • pjej^epian j'seb • petojiyilian pasb . alexanbpan fseb luf efcicep j'seb • betonican fseb • caulep j'seb . cofrej* pseb • cymenep j'seb • -j pipopep ma3p'c ]?apa oSeppa empela jejmb ealle pel to bufte mm J^sep fol. 114 b. buftej" jobne cuclep pulne bo on fcjianj hluttop eala bjunce fcenc }:ulne on neaht nepcij • he ij- 50b pi]; selcpe hraan untpumuepfe -j pi]> heapob ece -j pij? un- ' Unless mojisonaf, morrows, can be taken in tlie sense of successive days, on must be omitted. Observe, a new page begins. - In margin hepco. LEECH BOOK. II J. 315 In case a man hreak up and spew blood ; take good barley meal, and white salt, put it into cream or good skimmings, agitate in a disb, till it be as thick as thin brcwit, give the man to eat, nine doses for nine mornings after his nights fast : apply of the meal two parts in three, and of the salt a third part ; prepare it every day new. xi. For bile straining out ; let the patient eat radish and pepper at night fasting, and let him sup besides linseed boiled in milk ; do this frequently ; it will soon be well with him. xii. 1. For the yellow disease, jaundice, which cometh of effusion of bile ; take roots of the sharp thistle, and betony, and a handful of attorlothe, and a handful of githrife, and nine bits of the netherward part of ash- throat, pour them over with strong beer, or with strong ale, and let him drink this frequently : give him to eat a pullet dressed with herbs, and colewort sodden in good broth ; do this frequently, soon it will be well with him. 2. Work thus a good dust drink for the yellow disease. Take seed of marche, and seed of fennel, seed of dill, seed of everthroat, seed of fieldmore, seed of satureia, savory, seed of parsley, seed of alexanders, seed of lovage, seed of betony, seed of colewort, seed of costmary, seed of cummin, and of pepper most, of the others equal quantities ; rub all well to dust, take a good spoon full of the dust, put it into strong clear ale, let the man drink a cup full at night fasting. This drink is also good for every ailment of limb, and for head ache, and for want of memory, and for eye Book III. Ch. X. 316 LiECE BOC. jeiiiynhc --j ]'ij> Gajpjqice "j ]?i]» uiigeliyjinej-ye -j bjieolc prejice "j liiiijen able "j lenben j'asjice • -j pij; lelcjie jjeonbej" cofeun^a gepyjic ];e bufc jcnoli on lia?]i}:elte |?onne ]m |?a pyjiui liiubbe nycta j^onne ]>e j^eajij: fie. • Xlir. j)iL) bjieof'cjnejice mapubie' iiejrte • ontjie bilceop j'yjit • penpyjic • yy\ on liunije -j butepan bo )7£e]- liunij^ef tpiube • -j ]?ti?]ic biitejian J^jiibban ba^l nytra ipa ]>e ]>capp fie. .XIIII. Vip* hj^ofran -j limjcii able • jenim fpejlef ieppel -j Ipepl "j pecelf ealjia cinpela men^ ])i]^ j^caxe leje on liacne lean bjunc ]mjili liojiii )7one jiec "j ere tefCep ealbep I'picep .ill. fiucba obSe bucjum "j fu})e inib }:letum ; pi]> lunjen able • jenim beconicau • "j majui- bian • ajjuinonian • jicpmob • jrel tepjie • pube . acpinb • jajollaii • ]'yl on j'iecpe • be])yl \yncy jnetejief ]'pibbaii b;ul« bo op ]'a I'yj^ce bjuiice on raojijenne peajimep fcenc pulne ere ,IJI. fnteba mib Jnvp bjupep ]'c lieji iepceji fejl; :• Pyjic b]U]' pi]? lunjeii able mm beromean • ^j niapu- bian • pepmob • liinblieolojmn • peupyjiC nio]jO]>eajib • elehrpe • elene • juebic • eopo-^j'pote • pelbmope • jecnua ealle i]n\>(i ])el "j j>yl on bucepan -j appmj jnijih claJS j-ccab on ]) yoy bepen mela hjieji on blebe buran pyjie o]> p hit fie Ipa ]ncce fpa bpip ere . III. fmuba • nnb ]7y bpence peajimef 6pc pyl on liunijc anum majiubian bo hj'on bepen mela ro eCe on ncalic ncpri j -j p»onnc j u liini jelle LEF/'It T.OnK. TIT. 317 WJirk, and for dull licarinii;', and for broast wavk, and I^imk III. Inng disease, loin wark, and for every tt'ni|)taiion of tlie fiend. Work thj'seli dust enough in harvest, when thou hast the worts, nse it when thou hast need. Xlll. For pain of breast ; niarrubium, nepeta, ontre, bisho])- wort, wenwort, l)oil in honey and butter; piit two parts in three of the honey, and of the l)ntter a third ])a.rt ; nse as need may be. xiv. For liost, or couf/Ji, and lung disease ; take swails apple, and brimstone, and frankincense, of all eqnally much, mingle with wax, lay on a hot stone, let ilte imui swallow tlie reek through a horn, and afterwards eat three pieces of old lard or of butter, and sip tJds with cream. For lung disease ; take betony, and mar- rubium, agrimony, wormwood, fel terrse or centaury, rue, oak rind, sweet gale ; boil them in water, lioil off a third part of the water, remove the worts ; let the Tnan drink in the morning of this warm a cup fidl, let him eat therewith three pieces of the brewit that is here afterwards mentioned. 2. Work thus a brewit for lung disease ; take betonj', and marrubinm, wormwood, hind heal,' the lower part of wen wort, lupin, helenium, radish, everthroat, field- more ; pound all thoroughly well, and boil in butter, and wring through a cloth ; shed on the decoction barley meal, shake it in a dish without fire till it be as thick as brewit ; let him eat three pieces, with the drink of the warm liquor. 3. Again, boil in honey alone, marrubinm, add a little barley meal, let the man eat at night fixsting ; and when ' Eupatorium cannabimim. 318 LMCE BOC. bpenc obSe bpip j^ele liim liatiie -j Iset jejiefcan ]?one man seftep tibe ' bse^ef on ]?a fpiSpan fiban *j hapa |>one eajim a];eneb. .XV. V pi]? majan psepce pyl pTc on cu meolce abo f pic op pupe ]ipon peapm pona bi]; ]-el. pi]? a])unbeneppe 'j [jip]^ men nelle myltan hip mete pyl on psefcepe V poUeian -j leac cepfan pele bpmcan liim bi]? fona pel; .XVI. ViJ? milte pfiepce cnua jpene pealhpmbe feoS on hunije anum j-ele him ecan .ill. fn?eba on neahc neptij. . XVII. Dij; lenben poepce mapubie . nepte . bojen em pela ealpa bo on 30b ealu pyjic to bjience fpet hpoD pele bpmcan licje uppeajib ?eptep }?on ii;obe lipile. .XVTII. J b. Pi]? pambe prejice -j jiypel ptejice ]>se]\ ]>n ^ei'eo topb piyel on eopj^an li}) peoppan ymbpo lime mib tpam hanbum mib hip jepeoppe pa}:a mib ]?inum hanbnm fpi]?e "j cpeS |;]upa • Remebium pacio ab uentjii]- bolopem. Peopp ]?onne opeji bsec Jpone pipel on pejebehealb ]5 ]ni ne locije sejccep • ]7onne monnef pambe psepce o'SSe ]iy]-le ymbpoh mib ];inum hanbum J^a pambe liim bi]? » Thus MS. I - siy not in MS. LEECH BOOK. III. 319 thou givest liim drink or brewit, give it him liot ; and Book III. make the man rest after an hour, by day, on the right ^ '" ^^^'' side, and have the arm extended. XV. For pain in the maw ; boil pitch in cow milk, re- move the pitch, let him sip a little warm, soon the man will be well. For distention, and if a mans meat will not digest ; boil in water pulegium and leek cress, ^ give this to the man to drink, soon it will be well with him. xvi. For milt pain ; pound green sallow rind, seethe in honey alone, give the man to eat three pieces at night fasting. xvii. For loin wark ; marrubium, nepeta, thyme, of all equal quantities, put into good ale ; work to a drink, sweeten a little, give to the man to drink ; let him lie with face up afterwards for a good while. xviii. For wamb wark and pain in the fatty part of the belly ; when thou seest a dung beetle - in the earth throwing up nfiould, catch him with thy two hands along with his casting up, wave him strongly with thy hands, and say thrice, " Remedium facio ad ventris " dolorem ; " then throw the beetle over thy back away ; take care thou look not after it. When a mans wamb or belly fat is in pain, grasp the wamb with thine ' Erysimum alliuria. - Our Saxon must have had Tal- pam, or 'Ao-7roAa/ca before him in this sentence ; but he names tlie Scarii/jaus .shrcorarius. o20 L/ECE BOO, j'ona j-el • xii. mona]; ]>u mealir fpa bon a^):t(']i ])am XVIIII. \ \]> h\ix^hhe\\ pa^jtce. piulu mejice • ■^ loaccejife pyl fpij'p on eala'S j'ole bpnioaii "j eran ,"^eb]ia^bne fra^ji. .XX. Qi]: man ne ma^je jemijan 'j linn peaxan fcanap on ^' \>?e]xe blfebjian yy\ I'unbcojm on eala'5 'j perejifilian yele Inm bpmcan. .XXI. (tij: men fie pe urjanj poppetren pyl peiniiob on pnpnni eala|> -j bo bntejian yiTejie ]'y)ite op ];am meolcnm ^ j-ceab lipa3ten mela jwp on *j ete ]?one bjnp cealbne • •j ]-npe J>a meoluc linn bi'5 ]-ona pel jlp pe bjiip *j fe bjienc inne jepnniae) ]ni niealit ];one man 3;elaonian jip Inm oppleo;z,ei5 him bi'S peljie -p ])u Inne na ne v/ ibP^^'^ ^^"^^ ^*']^ ^'T F^oph abl 5eten;5e. . XXIII. Qtp j'yjima]- beo]> on mannep innoc5e ]>j\ on bntejian jpene jiuban bpmc~ on neaht: neptij j-cenc pnlne In ' Read as before bejiyl on meolce o\> )')iibban fatcl • bo )'a i'3)i~a oy pam meolcum. - Vowel dropped. LEECH BOOK. III. 321 liands, it will soon be well with the man ; for twelve ^^^ m- months after the beetle thou slialt have power so to do. xix. For bladder pain ; wood marche and sauce alone ; boil them strongly in ale ; administer to drink, and to eat a roasted starling. XX. If a man cannot mie, and stones wax in the bladder ; boil sundcorns ^ in ale, and parsley ; give hirti this to drink. xxi. If a mans excrement be lodged ; boil wormwood in sour ale, and add butter thereto; it will soon be well with him, if he drinketh it. xxii. For diarrhoea ; cinqfoil, brooklime, churmel, lupin ; pound the worts, and boil them in milk ; give this to the man to drink warm in the morning and in the evening. Work thus a brewit for the same : wild cunila, brooklime ; boil in milk to a third part, remove the worts from the milk, shed wheaten meal thereon, and let him eat the brewit cold, and let him sip the milk, it will soon be well with him. If the brewit and the drink remain within him, thou mayst cure the man ; if they flow away, it will be better for him, that thou should not meddle with him, his death sickness is upon him. xxiii, 1. If worms be in a mans inwards ; boil green rue in butter, let the man drink at night fasting a cup ' Saxifragia yranulata. Prescribed because saxa fraiigit. VOL. II. X fol. 116 b. 322 L^CE BOC. jepitaS ealle ape;^ mib ]yy ucjanje "j he bi8 j'ona hal ; To J>on ilcan jenim cymene)' bufc menj to jate jeallan -j jreappej- jnib ]?one napolan mib ealle hi jepita]; mjjep; op ];sem meN. . XXIIIl. Pi|? liS psepce I'lnj . vim. li]?um j?ij- jealbo-^ jjseji on • *j ]?m fparl fpip on • Oi^alijnup oblijauit • anjelup cupauic- bommu]' Saluauit- him bi}> pona pel. To J'on ilcan jenim culppan topb • -j gate topb bjuje fjnSe -j jnib Co bufce menj pi]? hunij "j pi]? butrpan fmipe mib j^a leo]7u. . XXV. pi]? peaptum jenim himbep micjean -j mupe blob menj to pomne fmipe mib ]?a peaptan hi jepita]? fona apes .XXVI. Pi J? miclan lice ^enim nio]?opeapbe elenan -j ]?un5 • ■j oinpjian ]>&, J^e fpimman pile ealpa empela • -j ^ecnua pel • -j pyl on bucejian bo pel j-ealtej' on -j fmijie mib. Pypc bi8 ^ pi]> }?am miclan lice • elene • {elf]?one • mapubie • cupmealle • ellen tanaf • *j ac tanap pyl fjnSe on psetpe -j be]?e on fpi'Se hatum f Kc. pypc bpeuc ]n^ ]»am miclan lice hinbhiolo}?an • cujimeallan • bo^en • nepte- a^jiimoma* betomca* pmul* bile* bo on 30b ealo pele bjimcan on bseje .111. pcencaf pulle. Pyjic bpip pi]? ]?on ilcan • jenim nioj'opeapbe elenan • -j eopoji J^jiotan • pebic • -j })a jieaban netlan nio]>opeapbe fceappa i'msele -j jecnua pel • pyl pi]?J)an on bucejian bo clsene ipij tapan }?8eji on jip J?u hsebbe • -j hpon bepenef melpep bo on blebe mib ]?am pyptum -j hpep mib fticcan 0]? > That is, b8e«. LEECH BOOK. Til. 323 full ; they wiU all depart away witli the evacuation, aud Book ni. he will soon be well. ^^* ^^'"" 2. For that ilk. Take dust of cummin, mingle, it with goats and bulls gall, rub the navel with them all, the worms will all disappear from the man downwards. xxiv. 1. For joint pain ; sing nine times this incantation thereon, and spit thy spittle on the joint : " Malignus " obligavit; angelus curavit; dominus salvavit." It will soon be well with him. 2. For that ilk. Take doves dung and a goats tord, dry them thoroughly and rub to dust, mingle with honey and with butter, smear the joints therewith. XXV. For warts ; take hounds mie, and a mouses blood, mingle together, smear the warts therewith, they will soon depart away. xxvi. For elephantiasis, take the netherward part of hele- nium and aconite, and dock, that namely which will swim, of all equal quantities, and pound well and boil in butter, add a good spice of salt, and smear there- with. Work thus a bath against the mickle body brought on by leprosy, helenium, enchanters night- shade, marrubium, churmel, elder twigs, and oak twigs; boil strongly in water, and bathe the body in it very hot. Work thus a drink against the mickle body; put hindheal, churmel, thyme, nepeta, agrimony, betony, fennel, dill, into good ale ; administer to be drunk in a day three cups full. Work a brewit for that ilk ; take the netherward part of helenium and everthroat, radish, and the netherward part of the red nettle, scrape them small, and pound them well. Afterwards boil them in butter; add ivy tar besides if thou have it, and a little barley meal ; put this on a dish with the X 2 324 L^CE BOC. •j3 hit col fie j'ele etan on neaht neytij .III. fnjeba jfele jpone bjiip -j ]?one bpenc sep J>am hadpe ]>y Isey hit mylea sejztep ]?am ba]?e. . XXVII. Pi]? pmjalum J>ujifte ^ untjiumjia manna • Nim pep- mob "j hmb hiolo]7an -j 3y]?pi}:an pylle on ealaj? jefpete fol. 117 a. hpon pele him bpmcan hit hsel}? )7one jjupfc^ pun- bophce. XXVIII. Pi]? mnan jioptoje '^ i'msel ]jeapma ece • jenim beto- nican • -j pepmob • mepce • prebic • pmul • jecnua ealle* •j bo on eala fete ]?onne -j beppeoh bjimc on neaht nej'tij ycenc pulne, . XXVIIII. Vi]? bpyne jip mon fie mib fype ane fopbsepneb mm pubupofan • -j hhan • -j hleomoc pyl on butejian •j fmipe mib. xtp mon fie mib psetan popbsepneb nime elm pmbe • "j lilian mojian pyl on meolcum fmipe mib ]?]iipa on bses- pi}? funbpyne • meppe ipij tpiju pyl on butpan fmipe mib. .XXX. pypc jobne "Seop bpenc • pepmob • bojen • japclipan' ^ polleian • penpypt • J?a fmalan pel tejipe • eajpyjit • ]?eoppypt • ceafcep sej'cef . ii. fnseba • elenan . ill. com- mucef 3 III. pubu peax an jobne b?el • cupmeallan • jej-ceappa }?af pypta on job hlutcop eala o]?]?e pylifc ealu Iset ftanban .ill. nilit beppijen ]-ele bpmcan j'cenc fulne tibe sep o}?pum mete, pi]? J?eope *j pi]? fol. 117 b, ]'ceotenbum penne • mm bojen • -j jeappan -j pubu peax ' bufr, MS. I ^ Read yojicogennerre 1- ■' )>|.f-, MS. LEECH BOOK. HI. ;j25 worts, and stir it about with a spoon till it Ije cool ; ^^ook ill. . , . . . . Ch xxvi. give the onan to eat at night lasting three bits of it ; give the brewit and the drink before the bath; let it strike inwards after the bath. xxvii. For the constant thirst of ailing men; take worm- wood, and hind heal, and githrife, boil in ale, sweeten a little, give to the man to drink, it healeth the thirst wonderfully. XXVlll. For inward griping and small guts ache ; take betony, and wormwood, marche, radish, fennel ; pound all and put into ale, then set it down and wrap it up ; drink at night fasting a cup full. XXIX. For a burn ; if a man be burnt with fire only, take woodruff, and lily, and brooklime ; boil in butter, and smear therewith. If a man be burnt with a liquid, let him take elm rind and roots of lily; boil theui in milk, smear therewith thrice a day. For sunburn ; boil in butter tender ivy twigs; smear therewith. XXX. Work a good " dry " drink for the " dry " disease ; wormwood, thyme, agrimony, pennyroyal, wenwort, the small centaury, eyewort, inula conyza, two pro- portions of black hellebore, three of helenium, eight of cammock, wood wax, a good deal of it, churmel ; scrape these worts into good clear ale, or foreign ale, let it stand wrapt up for three nights, give the man a cup full to drink an hour before other meat. Against the " dry disease " and against a shooting wen ; take Ijothen, and yarrow, and wood wax, and ravens foot, put into 326 L^CE BOC. "j hjiepnejf pot bo on job ealu yele bjimcan on bseje . III. pcencaf fulle. Tip J^eoji jepunije on anjie fcope pypc bejjinje nnn ]5 ipij |7e on fcane peaxe • "j jeappan • V "j pubu bmbep leap *j cuplyppan jecnua ealle pel leje sy on hatne fcan on tjioje jeot hpon psetepief on Iset; peocan on f lie }jte)i J^sep liim Jpeapp pie ]7onne pe col fie bo ojpepne hatne on he]>e fpa jelome him bij> fona pel. . XXXI. Pypc jobe penpealpe mm pubu mepce- "j hpepnep pot • "j pepmob nio)?opeapbne • cii plyppan • puban • pubu bmbep leap- ipij leap ]7e on eopj^an yixp- pa, clu- pihtan* penpypt* jecnua ealle- pyl on pammep fmeppe o]>]>e on buccan bo ])pibban bsel butepan appmj ]?uph claj? bo |7omie ^obne fcip tapan to -j hpeji o]? f hit col fie. .XXXII. Vy^ic jobe bolh pealpe mm jeappan- -j pubu popan mo]7opeapbe- pelb mopan • "j mojjopeapbne pijel hpeop- pan pyl on jobpe butepan appmj J?uph cla6 'j Iset je- fuanban pel selc bolh ]7U meaht lacman mib. .XXXIII. Ztp mon fie upan on heapob punb -j fie ban je- fol. 118 a. bpocen mm pijel hpeojipan - -j hpite clseppan pifan - ■j pubupopan bo on jobe butpan aj^eoh puph claS "j lacna pi]?]^an. :• Tip fio eaxl upfuije mm ^ J^a j-ealpe bo hpon peapme mib pe}»epe him bi^ pona pel. Pypc jobne bolh bpenc mm ajpimoman 'j pubu popan bo on 50b ealo pele bpincan jobne j'cenc pulne on neahc neptij. jip je- ' ni bo, MS. LEECH BOOK. III. ' 327 good ale, give the man to drink three cups full a day : Book III. if the "dry disease" remain in one place, work a fomentation thus ; take the ivy, which groweth on stone, and yarrow, and leaves of woodbind and cow- slip ; pound all these well, lay them on a hot stone in a trough, pour a little water upon them, let it reek upon the body, where need may be ; when the stone is cool, put another hot one in, foment the man so fre- quently. It will soon be well with him. xxxi. Work a good wen salve thus; take wood marche, and ravens foot, and the netherward part of worm- wood, cowslip, rue, leaves of woodbind, ivy leaves, that ivy which groweth on the earth, the cloved wenwort; pound thein all, boil in rams grease, or in bucks grease, put a third part of butter, wring through a cloth, then add good ship tar, and shake till it be cool. xxxii. Work a good wound salve thus; take yarrow, and the nether part of woodruff, fieldmore, and the nether part of solwherf; boil in good butter, wring through a cloth, and let it stand. Pretty well every wound thou mayst cure therewith. xxxiii. 1. If a man be wounded in his upper quarter, in his head, and some bone be broken ; take solwherf, and white clover plants, and woodruff; put into good butter, strain through a cloth, and so treat the imtient. 2. If the shoulder get up out of place, take the salve, apply a little warm with a feather : it will soon be well with the man. Work a good wound drink thus; take agrimony, and woodruff, put them into good ale, give the man to drink a good cup full, at 328 LMGE BOCf. bjiocen ban fie on heaybe -j oj: nelle cnua jpene beto- nican -j leje on f bolh jelome o]> f j?a ban op lyn "j ^ bolh jebatob. . XXXIIII. , J)i]> Imnbe]' ylite cnupa pibban leje on f bolh *j puban pyl on butjian lacna mib f bolh. Tip fmpe fyn popcoppene mm penpypmap jecnupa pel lege on o]y ^ hi hale fynb. jlp pmpe pien jepcpuncene nime a3mettan inib hiopa bebjepibe pyl on psetpe "j bej^e mib "j pece ])a, )-inpe jeopnlice. .XXXV. Vijj jonjepippan bite mm hemie tej jnib on ealu lipeap "j ]-ceaj)e]- topb nipe fpa he nyte pele hi in bjiincan jobne fcenc pulne. . XXXVI. Pi]? cancpe mm jate jeallan -j hum 5 menj to fomne ■ bejea empela bo on f bolh. To J^on ilcan nipe hunbep heapob bsepn to ahpan bo on bolh • jip hit fol. 118 b. nelle j5 mm monnef bpojan bpij Ipi^e jnib to bulte bo on jip pu mib ]>yp ne meaht jelacman ne meaht ]m him ?eppe nahte. . XXXVII. n Dip )?on jje jnp ne mseje beapn acenuan • mm pelb mopan nio]7opeapbe pyl on meolcum -j on psetpe bo bejea empela j'ele etan ]?a mopan 'j ]5 pop fupan. To ]7on ilcan binb on ■^ pinfcpe J?eoh up pi8 f cennenbe Km moJ?opeapbe beolonan oj^j^e . xii. copn cellenbpan psebep "j f j-ceal bon cniht o^8e mseben • fpa f beapn )-ie acenneb bo }ja pyjita aj^ej ]>y hey ]5 mnelpe utj-ije. LEECH BOOK. III. 329 night fasting. If there be a broken bone in the head, Rook III. and it will not come away, pound green betony and ' ■^^''"'• lay it on the wound frequently, till the bones come away and the wound is mended, xxxiv. For rending of hound ; pound ribwort, lay it on the wound, and boil rue in butter, tend the wound there- with. If sinews are cut through ; take worms, pound them well, lay on till the sinetvs be restored. If sinews be shrunken ; take emmets with their nest, boil them in water, and beathe therewith, and earnestly reek the sinews vjith the vapour. XXXV. Against bite of gangway weaving spider ; take a hens Qgg, rub it up raw into ale, and a sheeps tord new, so that the 'patient wit it not, give him a good cup full to drink. XXX vi. Against cancer ; take goats gall and honey, mingle together of both equal quantities, apply to the wound. For that ilk ; burn a fresh hounds head to ashes, apply to the wound. If the luound will not give way to that, take a mans dung, dry it thoroughly, rub to dust, apply it. If with this thou art not able to cure him, thou mayst never do it by any means. xxxvii. In case that a woman may not kindle a bairn ; take of fieldraore the nether part, boil it , in milk and in water, apply of both equal quantities, give the roots to her to eat and the wash to sip. For that ilk. ^^xA^t^Jco^t.- Bind on her left thigh, up against the kindling limb, the netlierward part of henbane, or twelve grains of coriander seed, and that shall give a boy a or maiden : when the bairn is kindled, remove the worts away, lest 330 L^CE BOC. Ttp 6]: pipe nelle jan ?eptep J^am beojij^pe ^ jecynbelic fie • feoJ»e ealb fpic on psetpe be]?e mib ]7one cpi]? oSSe v^ hleomoc oJ?]?e hoccej' leap pyl on ealo]? j'ele bpmcan lilt hat. Ttp on pipe j-ie beab beapn pyl on meolce 'j \ on psetpe hleomoc *j polleian pele bpmcan on bsej tupa. Teopne if to pypnanne beapneacnum pipe f hio aht fealtep ete oS^e fpetej- oJ>J>e beop bpmce • ne fpmef plsepc ete ne naht psetep • ne bpuncen jebpmce ne on pej ne pepe • ne on hoppe to fpi^e pibe j^y Isef f beapn op fol. 119 a. hipe fie sep piht tibe. jip hio ^ blebe to fpi]>e septep ]7am beop|?]ie nio]?opeapbe clatan pyl on meolce pele etan *j fupan ]5 poj\ . XXXVIII. pi]; ]?on ]ye pipum fie popfcanben hipa mona]? jecynb pyl on eala^S hleomoc -j tpa cupmeallan pele bpmcan •j be]7e f ptp on hatum baj^e "j bjimce |7one bpenc on )?am ba]?e hapa ]?e sep jepopht clam op beop bpseptan •j op 5penpe mucjpypte •j mepce • -j op bepene melpe menj ealle tofomne jehjiep on pannan clsem on f jecynbe lim -j on ]?one cpi'S nio]7opeapbne ]7onne hio op )?am babe jse]? 'j bpmce pcenc pulne Jjsep ilcan bpencef^ peapmep ^j beppeoh f pip pel -j Iset beon fpa becl^meb lanje tibe l^sep bas^ef bo fpa tupa fpa ]7pipa fpiB];ep ]7U I'cyle • j)u pcealt fimle pam pipe bee]? pyji- cean -j bpenc pellan on ]?a ilcan tib • ]>e hipe fio jecynb a3t psepe ahj-a ]fsey set ];am pipe. Ttp pipe to fpi]?e opplope fio mona5 jecynb • jemm nipe hoppej- topb leje on hate jleba Iset peocan fpi]?e • Ino in MS. follows Ipy laef ; the scribe having copied from some older writing in which it had been placed out of the line. 2 fcencef, MS LEECH BOOK. III. 331 the matrix prolapse. If what is natural will not come away from a woman after the birth, seethe old lard in water, bathe the vulva therewith ; or boil in ale brooklime or hollyhock, administer it to drink hot. If there be a dead bairn in a woman, boil in milk and in water brooklime and pulegium, give it her to drink twice a day. Earnestly must a pregnant woman be cautioned, that she eat naught salt or sweet, noi- drink beer, nor eat swines flesh, nor aught fat, nor drink to drunkenness, nor fare by the way, nor ride too much on horse, lest the bairn come from her before the right time. If she bleed too much after the birth, boil in milk the netherward part of clote, give it her to cat, and the ooze to sip. Book III. Ch, xxxvii. XXXVIU. 1 . In case mulieribus menstrua suppressa sunt ; boil in ale brooklime, and the two centauries, give "Aer"^ this to drink, and beathe " the woman " in a hot bath, and let her drink the draught in the bath ; have ready prepared a poultice of beer dregs, and of green mug- wort, and marche, and of barley meal ; mix them all together ; shake them up in a pan, apply to the natura, and to the netherward part of the vulva, when she goeth. off the bath, and let her drink a cup full of the same drink warm, and wrap up the woman well, and leave her so poulticed for a long time of the day,^ do so twice or thrice, whichever thou must. Thou shalt always prepare a bath and give the potion to the woman at that ilk tide, at which the catamenia were vipon her ; inquire of the woman about that. 2. Si muliebria nimis fluunt ; take a fresh horses tord, lay it on hot gledes, make it reek strongly ' The Saxon text varies the numbers, plural and singular. - By a transposition in the text, we should get " twice or thrice a " day." 832 L^CE BOC. becpeoli ]n\ |?eoli tip unbeji ];a3'c lipsejl f ye mon fptete fpi]?e. . XXXVIIII. fol. 119 b. Vi'S fmeapypme fmipinj • mm fpmep jeallan *j pipcep jeallan* -j hpepnep ^eallan- -j liapan jeallan menj to pomne fmipe j^a bolh mib blap mib hpeobe on ^ f peap on f bolh cnua ]70une heopoc bpembel leap leje on |?a bolh. Pypc bejjinje to J^on ilcan mm sepp pmbe • "j pi]i pmbe • epic pmbe • plah ]7opn pinbe • pippmbe • ^ V bepc pmbe- cnua ealle"^ ]7a junba pyl on cype hpseje ppeah mib *j be])e f Itm ])e pe pypm on fie • 'j septep J)8epe bej^mje abpij *j fmipe mib j^sejie pealpe • -j blap ]7a pealpe on J>a bolh "j leje Sa bpembel leap on bo fpa on bseje Spipa on fumepa -j on jnntpa tpipa. Pypc ]?a blacan )'ealpe 31}: J^e J>eapp fie • jepamna ]7e cu ambpu hpy]?pa micjean • 'j ambep pulne holen jimba • -j sepcpmba • -j j^unjep • pylle })onne on cetele o]> ^ pe pseta fie tpjebe on bep^^lleb abo op ])a pypta ■j ba pmba • j'yl ept oj? p hi~ pie fpa ]?icce fpa molcen v/^ -j fpa fpeapt fpa col fmijie mib pi]p];an ]3 bolh -j hapa clam jepopht op mealtej' fmebman 'j op hpitmj melpe- -j elehtjian clupa cnua -j jnib topomne pypc to clame fol. 120 a. jip he fie to bpije bo on bpeopenbe pypt hpon clseni on ]?a bolh -j utan ymb • ]-i];]mn hie jefmypeb fynb feo j-ealp ]>ile sejiefc ]?a bolh pyman *j f beabe plsepc opetan -j j^one fpile a|>psenan -j ]wne pypm ]?8e]i on beabne ^ebe]? o]?]?e cpicne opbpipcS -j ]>a bolh jelacna'S. :■ ' 0 )> rea)), MS. j ^ die, MS. 2 ))i]i)nnbe is thus repeated in MS. I LEECH BOOK. TIT. 333 between the tliighs, up under the raiment, that the Book III. , 1 Ch. xxxviii. woman may sweat much. xxxix. 1. A smearing for a penetrating worm; take swines gall, and fishes gall, and crabs gall, and hares gall ; mingle them together, smear the wounds thereAvith ; blow with a reed the liquid into the wound ; then pound hart bramble^ leaves, lay them on the wounds. Work up a fomentation for that ilk ; take aspen rind, and myrtle rind, quickbeam rind, sloethorn rind, birch rind ; pound all the rinds together, boil them in cheese whey, wash therewith and foment the limb on which the wound is, and after the beathing dry and smear with the salve, and blow the salve into the wounds, and lay on the bramble leaves ; do so thrice a day in summer, and in winter twice. » 2. Work up the black salve, if need be, thus; collect two buckets of bullocks mie, and a bucket full of holly rinds, and of ash rind, and of aconite ; then boil in a kettle till the liquor be boiled to two thirds, remove the " worts " and the rinds ; boil again till it be as thick as milk porridge and as swart as a coal ; after- wards smear the wound therewith, and have a plaster ready wrought of fine smede of malt, and of whiting meal, and lupins; cleave, pound, and rub them together, work them into a paste ; if it be too dry, add brew- ing wort, a trifle of it; dab it on the wounds and round about them. After they are smeared, the salve will first enlarge the wounds, and eat ofi" the dead flesh, and soften the swelling, and it will do to death the worm therein, or diive him away alive, and will heal the wounds. Rhamnus. 334 L.ECE BOO. .XL. yiy Jpon ];e mon fie mona]^ j-eoc mm mepe fpmejf pel pyjic to fpipaii fpmj mib pone man j-ona bi^ j'el • amen. .XLI. Vypc - jobne bpenc pij> eallum jreonbef cofcunjum • Nim betonican • bifceop pypt • elehtpan • jyjjpipan • attoplajpan • pulpep camb • jeappan • leje unbep peopob jefjnje .villi, msejjan opep jefceappa ]?a pypta on lialij psetep pele bpmcan on neaht neptij pcenc pulne • •j bo j5 lialij psetep on ealne ]?one mete J?e pe man , I'lcje. Pyjic jobe pealp e pij? peonbej- cofcunja • bifceop pypt . elehtpe • hapan^ fppecel • fcpeapbepian pipe • fio clupihte penpypt eopSpima • bpembel seppel • polleian • pepmob . jecnua Jja pypta ealle apylle on jobpe bntepan ppmj ])uph cla^ fete unbep peopob j'mje fol. 120 b. .vim. mseppan opep • fmipe ];one man mib on |?a J7un- ponje • "j bupan )?am eajum -j upan f heapob • -j |?a bpeoft -j unbep ]7am eapmum J)a fiban. beop pealp ip 50b pi}> selcpe peonbep cofcunja -j selpfibenne -j lencten able. jip pu pilt lacnian jepitfeocne man jebo bybene pulle cealbep paetpep bpyp ]7pipa on ]?se]' bpencej' • bef'e J?one man on Jjam pastpe -j ete pe man jehaljobne lilap • ^ cype • *j japleac • -j epopleac -j bpmce ]?8ep bpencep pcenc pulne -j ];onne he pie beba]?ob fmipe mib ]78epe j-ealpe fpi]?e • -j pi}>]?an him pel pie pypc him |7onne fpi^ne bpenc titypnenbum.^ Pypc ]?U]' )>one bpenc mm lybcopnep leap • -j cele];o- nian mopan • -j jlsebenan mopan • -j hoccep mopan • ■j ellenep pypttpuman pmbe pyl on ealaS Iset fcanban neahrejme ahlyttjie ]?onne -j gepypm bo butepan to *j ' amen is in a different hand. I ' hajia, MS. - Vjic, MS. I ^ Read ucypnenbe, for -bne. LEECH BOOK. ITI. 335 xl. Book III. Ch. xl. In case a man be lunatic ; take skin of a mereswine or porpoise, work it into a whip, swinge the man therewith, soon he will be well. Amen. xli. Work thus a good drink against all temptations of the devil. Take betony, bishopwort, lupins, githrife, attor- lothe, wolfscomb, yarrow ; lay them under the altar, sing nine masses over them, scrape the worts into holy water, give the man to drink at night fasting a cup full, and put the holy water into all the meat which the man taketh. Work thus a good salve against temptations of the fiend. Bishopwort, lupin, vipers bugloss, strawberry plant, the cloved wenwort, earth rime, blackberry, pennyroyal, wormwood ; pound all the worts, boil them in good butter, wring through a cloth, set them under the altar, sing nine masses over them ; smear the man therewith on the temples, and above the eyes, and above the head, and the breast, and the sides under the arms. This salve is good for every temptation of the fiend, and for a man full of elfin tricks, and for typhus fever. If- thou wilt cure a wit sick man, put a pail full of cold water, drop thrice into it some of the drink ; bathe the man in the water, and let the man eat hallowed bread, and cheese, and garlic, and cropleek, and drink a cup full of the drink ; and when he hath been bathed, smear with the salve thoroughly ; and when it is better with liim, then work him a strong purgative drink. Work the drink thus ; take leaves of libcorn, and roots of celandine, and roots of gladden, and root of hollyhock, and rind of root of elder; boil in ale, let it stand for the space of a night, then clarify, and warm it, add butter and salt, ad- 336 LJECF, BOC, j-ealc yele bjuncan. Py]ie fpipe bpenc uryjineiibne nim feopejitij lybcopna bepenb pel -j jejnib on niojjopeapbe celeJ?onian -j lioccep mojian -j tpa clupe j^sepe clupehtaii penpypte -j hpeplij^ette nijjepeapbe an lytel • 'j ham- j'yjite mojian mebmicel • jebo ealle ]?a pypta fpij>e pel clsene "j jecnua bo on eala beppeoli Iset fcanban neah.- fol. 121 a. tepne yele bpmcan pcenc pulne. .XLII, Qip fpiSbpenc on man jepitte -j he nelle opjan mm mj^epeapbe cele}?onian • "j lybcopuep leap o]>]>e apob pyl on ealaS bo bute]\an "j pealr to yele bpmcan peapmep pcenc pulne. .XLIII. J)}]> attpep bpmce feo|? henne -j hoccep leap on p?etpe abo ]?one pujel op -j ]?a py]^ta j-ele fupan -p bjioS pel jebutepob fpa he hatofc raseje • jip he seji hsepj) attoji jebpuncen ne bi]? him alite j^e pypp pp he f bpo^ ]?onne sep fyp^ ne meahc |7U him |7y bse^e atco^ jepellan ; .XLTIII. Vijj luj'um pele him etan jefobenne capel on neaht neptij jelome he bij; luptim bepepeb. .XLV. Qip pojxn fcmje man on p6r dppe hpeob -j nelle opjan mme mpe joj-e topb • -j jpene jeappan cnupije fpi])e topomne clasm on -^ bolh fona bij» pel ; LEFX'PI BOOK. III. 037 minister to drink. Work iltvf! a purgative spew drink ; Book in. take forty libcorns, rend tliem Avell, and rnl) them ^'''- x'"- simall upon the netlierward part of celandine and mallow roots, and two cloves of the .cloved wen^ wort, and a little of the netlierward part of cucumber, and a moderate quantity of the root of homewort ; make all the worts thoroughly well clean, and pound them; put them into ale, wrap up, let it stand for a nights space, give the man a cup full to drink. xlii. If a strong potion lodge in a man, and will not come away, take the netlierward part of celandine, and leaves of libcorn or arod,' boil in ale, add butter and salt, give to drink a cup full of it warm. xliii. For drink of poison ; seethe a hen and leaves of mallow in water, remove the fowl and the worts, give the man the broth to sip, well buttered, as hot as he can tal'e it. If he hath drunken j^oison before, it will be none the worse with him. If he supneth the broth beforehand thou mayst not that day give him poison (effectually), xliv. Against lice ; give the man to eat sodden colewort at night fasting, frequently : he will be guarded against lice. xlv. If a thorn or a reed prick a man in the foot, and will not be gone ; let him take a fresh goose tord and green yarrow, let him pound them thorousfhly together, paste them on the wound, soon it Avill be well. » Aron ? VOL. II. Y 338 LMCE EOC. .XLVI. J)\\> {Bj-mselum • -j pi]? eallum eajna pnepce • ceo]' pulpep comb j'jimj ])onne ]>uph hsepenne claS pyllenne on |)a eajaii f peap on nilit J?onne he pepcan pille -j on mojijen bo rejep ]> lipice ])X]\ on. . XLVII. ^ Vi]? lyp'^ able jTp )-e muS pie poh o]>];e jwn • mm fol. if^H), eellenb]ian jnib on pipej- meolce bo on f hale eape hira hi]? pona pel. Gpt mm cellenbpan abjnj ^epypc to bufce jemenj ]> bufc -pip pipep nieoluc J?e psepneb pebe ajjpmj ]7U]ih hsepenne claS "j fmipe p hale ponj^e mib -j b]iype on ]5 eape psejiliee. Pypc ]?onne bej^mje • jenim bpembel pmbe -j elm jiinbe • £epc pinbe • plah- ]?opn pmbe apulboji pmbe • ipij pmbe • ealle pap nio];opea]ibe -j hpephpetcan • fmejiu pyj^t • eopoji peajm • elene • selpjjone • betomce • mapubie • pebic • aj;]!!- raonia jefceappa pa pyjita on cetel *j pyl fpi^e • ]?onne hit fie fpi]?e jepylleb bo op pam pype -j pete 'j ^epypc pam men petl opep pam citele -j beppeop "Sone man mib ^ pe £e]?m ne masje tic nahpreji butan he mreje jeepian • bepe hme mib J?ippe bepmje ];a hpile pa he maeje apsepnan. JDapa him ponne opep beep jeapa • ;^enim semet beb mib ealle • papa pe hpilum pleojaS beop peabe • pyl on psetpe bepe hme mib • onjemet- hatum. Pypc him ponne ]'ealpe mm felcep pa]ia cynnep ]>y)ita pyl on butejian fmipe mib ]?a papan limu Ine cpiciap j-ona. Pypc him leaje op ellen ahj-an ppeah hip lieapob mib colpe him bip pona bet • *j pe man Irete him blob selce monpe on .v. mhta ealbne monan 'j on piptyne -j on .xx. LEECH BOOK. III. 339 xlvi. Book 11 r. lor immmutions/ and for all pain of the eyes; chew wolfscomb, then wring the ooze through a purple cloth upon the eyes, at night, when the man has a mind to rest, and in the morning apply the white of an egg. xlvii. For palsy, if the mouth be awry or livid, rub cori- ander in v/omans milk, put it into the sound ear, it will soon be well with the inan. Again, take coriander, dry it, work it to dust, mingle the dust with milk of a woman, who brought forth a male, wring through a purple cloth, and smear the sound cheek therewith, and drip it on the ear warily. Then work a fomentation ; take bramble rind, and elm rind, ash rind, sloethorn rind, appletree rind, ivy rind, all these from the nether part of the trees, and cucumber, smearwort, everfern, helenium, enchanters nightshade, betony, marrubium, radish, agrimony ; scrape the worts into a kettle, and boil strongly. When it hath been strongly boiled, re- move it off the fire and set it do^un, and get the man a seat over the kettle, and wrap the man up, that the vapour may get out nowhere, except only so that the man may breathe ; beathe him with this fomentation as long as he can bear it. Then liave another bath ready fo]' him, take an emmet bed, all at once, a bed of those male eniiinets which at whiles fly, they are red ones, boil them in water, beathe him with it immoderately hot. Then make him a salve ; take worts of each kind of those above tnentioned, boil them in butter, smear the sore limbs therewith, they will soon quicken. Make him a ley of elder ashes, wash his head with this cold ; it will soon be well with him : and let the man get bled every month, when the moon is five, and fifteen, and twenty nights old. ' Contraction of the pupil. Y 2 .340 L^CE EOC, fol. 122 a. .XLVIII. Djienc yi]} pc able mm bulut • -j eoyojij^potan nio]?opeapbe • ^ pubu pillan • "j jeacej* yupan • -j fppeppan jej'ceapjra ]:>a)' pyp'co coSomne bo on pellet: mnan Iset franban iieahtepne a^p ]ni hme bjiince. \/ PyP*^ belnnje mm -p peabe jiybeii bo on rju;^ lia^t: ponne franap f]n|?e hate leje on p rjnj innan -j he yitce on frole opeji jnejie bejjinje p liio lime m?e;5e rela jepeocan J^onne peallaS ]>a pc pypmap on J>a bejwnje liini bi]j j'ona pel • bjnnce ]?one bjienc ve\\ Jvsepe bej^mje • jip he ]?onne J?a bejjmje jnijihteon ne mpeje bpmce ]>one bpenc felce ba^je o]? p him pel fie. .XLVIII I. Vi|> pciilbop pa?jice "j eajima • j'yl betonican on ealo6 peie bpinean jelome -j pimle linipe hine rer pype mib penj)ypte. .L. ^ly cneop j'aji yie cnna beolenan ■-] heinlic bepe mib -J lei^e on. .LT. Gip pe por pa]\ pie ellen leap • 'j jjejbjiseban -j mncjpyjit jeenua 'j leje on 'j ^ebinb hat pa3]i on. :• .LI I. Qip ]>u ne msBje blob bolh po]ip]n]?au mm uipe fol. 122 b. hoji]-e]- topb abpij on fimnan jej^nib to bufte fpi|;e pel leje p bnfc I'pipe piece on linenne clap pjup mib py p bolli. .LllL ^"Tp meoluc fie apyjib biub toSomne pejbpa^ban • 'j gipjupm • "j cepfan leje on pone pilbcumb ^j ne fete p jisec nijep on eojipan feopon uihtum. LEECH BOOK. IH. 341 xlviii, A drink lor the "lig" disease; take bulut, and the netherward part of everthroat, and wild cliervil, and cuckoosoiir, and iefcrth; scrape these worts togetlier, put them into a basin, let it stand for the space of a night, ere thou drink it. Work a fomentation thus ; take the red ryden, put it in a trough, then heat stones very hot, lay them within the trough, and let tlcG man sit on a stool over the fomentation, that it may reek him well, then the " tig " worms will fall on the beathing, and it will soon be well with him. Let him drink the drink before the beathing; if then he cannot pull through the beathing, let him drink the drink every day till it be all right with him. xlix. Against pain of shoulders and arms ; Ijoil l:)etouy in ale, give It the man to drink frequently, and always smear him at the lire with wenwort. 1. If a knee be sore, pound henbane and hemlock, foment therewith and lay on. li. If the foot be sore, pound and lay on elder leaves, and waybroad, and mugwort ; and bind hot upon the foot lii. If thou be not able to stanch a bloodletting incision, take a new horses tord, dry it in the sun, rub it to dust thoroughly well, lay the dust very thick on a linen cloth ; wrap up the wound with that. liii. If milk be spoilt ; bind together waybroad, and gitii- rife, and cress, lay them on the milk pail, and set not the vessel down on the earth for seven niiihts. Book iir. Cli. xlviii. 842 LiECE EOC. .LIIII. Pypc j'ealpe pi^ nihtjengan • pyl on butepan elehcjian • hejepifan • bifceop pypt: • peabe majj^aii • cpopleac • peak fmijie mib liim bi5 pona pel. . LV. Zip men I'lo heapob panne beo jehlenceb aleje ]7one man tippeapb bpip .11. fcacan yet j^am eaxlum lege |?onne bjieb Jppeopep opeji );a pet pleali ]7onne ]>pipa on ^ mib pleje bytle hio ^se]> on juht Sona. .Lvr. Gtp men nelle mylran hip mete nij^epeapb elate 'j mepce -j fimbcopnep leap pyl on eala]? fele bpincan. . LVII. Vi]? ptp jemseblan jebepje on neaht neptij psEjbicej" mopan ]?y bseje ne msej ]>e pe jemgebla pce]?J?an. .LVIII. J)i]> peonbep cofcunje pub molin' hatte pypt peaxe]? be ypnenbum psetpe • jip ]?u J^a on J?e liapaft "j unbep Jjmum heapob bolfcpe • -j opep Jjinep huj'ep bupum • ne fol. 120 a. niceg J^e beopol pce]?]?an Inne ne ute. . LVil[n]. Pi]> l^eojt penile jip he lie men on clieope o]>])e on ojjjum lime pyjic clam op puppe pijenpe 5put oS5e baje jebo aejef hpit to "j bjioc cepfan leje on f Km o]f f ye clam hatije bo op ]?one lege o]?ejine |?8ep on. Read molin. l.EEUll J.OOK. III. OlS liv. Book III. . Ch. liv. Work Ji salve against nocturnal goblin visitors ; boil in butter lupins, hedgeriie, bishop wort, led may the, cropleek, salt; smear the rami therev/ith, it will soon be well with him. Iv. If a mans head-pan, or skull, be seemingly iron- bound lay the man with face upward, drive two stakes into the groimcl at the armpits, then lay a plank across over his feet, then strike on it thrice with a sledge beetle, the skull will come right soon. Ivi. If a mans meat will not digest, boil in ale the nether ward part of clote, and marche, and leaves of saxifrage, give Idm that to drink. Ivii, Against a womans chatter ; taste at night fasting a root of radish, that day the chatter cannot harm thee. Iviii. Against temptation of the fiend, a wort hight red niolin, red stalk, it waxeth by running water : if thou hast it on thee, and imder thy head bolster, and over thy house doors, the devil may not scathe thee, within nor without. lix. For a " dry " wen ; if it be on a man's knee, or on another limb, work a paste of sour rye groats or dough, add the Avliite of an egg and brook cresses, lay on the limb till the paste gets hot, remove it then and lay another on. 344? LJECE BOC. .LX. A^ypc johe eap]"eal}:e hiiiibey timje nij^cpeapb 'j i'ln- 2;)iene -j linjiulle • timhojre nio]?opea]ib • celej^onian lea]:* japleac • qxopleac bo on pin ob«5e on eceb pjunj Jmjili hsepenne dab on •]> eajie lust; I'ranban .ill. nilir; leji ]'ii lime on bo. Bpr mm c-jiopleac "j I'inpullan jecnua ' h]'on pinep to -j j^jimj on f eajie him bi]> yona I'el :• .LXI. Pyjic pealpe ]n]> yelpc^'nne 'j nihtjenjaii -j J^am manniim J7C beojjol mib ha^mS • 7;enim eopohnmelan • pejnnob bij-ccoppyjit; • clelitjie • ;cpc}i)iote • beolone • liajie j^yjit; • liajian lp]iecel • ha^]? bejijean jnyan • cjio])- leac • jajileac • liejejiijran copn • syj'pife • pinul. bo f'ap py]i'^a on an pet lete nnbeji peopob pmg opep .Vim. niteppan apyl on burejum -j on pceapep Imejipe bo lialijep j-ealrey pela on apeoli ]>uph clab • peopp j'a pypta on ypnenbe pseteji. jip men hpilc ypel coptunj peo]i]?e o}>]7e relp o]>]w mho jenjaii • rmijie hij' -jplitan mib J'lj'pe pealpe -j on hip eajaii bo -j j'ceji him pe lichoma pap lie • -j pecella lime "j fena gelome hij- J^inj bi|? poua pelpe. .LXIl. V lb iclpablo mm bipeeop pyjit; • piiiul • elehtpe • & pypta on • jejiec ]?one man niib Jjam j^yjicum sep unbepn "j V on niht 'j pmj letania -j cpeban -j patep noycep "j ppit hnn cpifcejr msel on selcum lime -j mm lytle hanb fulle ]%ep ilcan cynnep ]?ypta jelice jelialjobe *-) pyl on meolce bpyp |7pipa jehaljobep pietpep on *j lupe sep hif mete him loip pona pel. pi]? ]7on ilcan • janj on jjunpep jepen J^onne funne on j-etle fie y^^]^ J?u pite elenan franban pmj ]?onne benebicite • "j pacep noptep • ^ -j letanian • -j fcmj J>m j-eax on }?a pypte Iset fcician J?a3p on janj ]?e apej ^anj ept to ]?onne bsej -j niht puji- ]7um pcabe on ];am ilcan uhte ^anj sepelt to ci]iicean •j ]?e jej'ena 'j gobe ]7e bebeob jaiij ];onne Ipijenbe ibl. 121 a. "j ]7eah ]?e hpset bpeja ejeflicef onjean cume o]>pe man ne epe]? ]?u him semj pojib to teji ]>u cume to ];8epe pypte ])e pu on sepen sep jemeapcobeft finj j^onne / benebicite • -j patep noptep • -j letania abelp ]>a, ]>y\\^ V last fcician f peax ]?sep on • janj ept fpa ]7U jiajjofc msese to cipicean -j leje unbep peop ob mib J)am peaxe Itet licjean o]> f fimne iippe fie • apsepc fi]?];an bo to bpence • -j bipceop pypt -j cjiiftep meelef paju apyl ]?pipa on ineolcum jeot ];pi])a halij pgetep on linj on patep noptep • -j cpeban • -j jlopia m excelpip beo • -j fmj on hme letania • -j lime eac ymb ppic mib ipeojibe V on .iiii. healpa on cpuce • -j bpmce Jjone bpenc fi]?|?an him bij? pona pel. 6pt pi]? ]7on leje unbep peopob |?ap pyjite hec jefmjan opep .villi. niEej'pan • pecelp • hahj j-ealt .in. heapob cpopleacep ielpponan nioj7e- LEECH BOOK. Til. 347 it three masses, one " Omnibus Sanctis," ' another ^*{^^^"^' " Contra tribulationem," ^ a third "Pro inlirmis."^ Then put glecles in a glede pan, and lay the worts on : reek the man with the worts before nine'' in the morning, and at night, and sing a litany, and the credo, and the Pater noster, and write Christs mark on each of his limbs, and take a little hand full of worts of the same kind similarly hallowed, and boil in milk, drop thrice some hallowed water into it, and let him sip of it before his meat; it will soon be well with him. For that ilk. Go on Thursday evening, when the sun is set, where thou knowest that helenium stands, then sing the " Benedicite," and " Pater noster," and a litany, and stick thy knife into the wort, make it stick fast, and go away : go again, when day and night just divide f at the same period go first to church and cross thyself, and commend thyself to God ; then go in silence, and though anything soever of an awful sort or man a meet thee, say not thou to him any word, ere thou come to the wort, which on the evening before thou markedst ; then sing the Benedicite, and the Pater noster, and a litany, delve up the wort, let the knife stick in it ; go again as quick as thou art able to church, and lay it under the altar with the knife ; let it lie till the sun be up, wash it afterwards, and make into a drink, and bishopwort, and lichen off a crucifix ; boil in milk thrice, thrice pour holy water upon it, and sing over it the Paternoster, the Credo, and the Gloria in excelsis deo f and sing upon it a litany, and score with a sword round about it on three sides a cross, and then after that let the man drink the wort; soon will it be well with him. Again for that ; lay these worts under the altar, have nine masses sung over them, incense, holy salt, three heads ot cropleek, the netherward part of enchanters nightshade, ' la the missal. [ ^ In early mominc - The same as " I'ro quacunque j * Luke ii. 14. ueccssitate " ? 1 ;)48 L/ECE BOC. peajibe • elenan • mm on mopjen fcenc fiulne meoliice bjiyp ]?pipa halige]- j^yetejiel" on I'upe fpa he hatolb mteje • ete mib .iii. Ihieba selpj^onan "j j^onne he pel- tan pille htebbe jleba ];8B]v nine leje Iboji 'j telpj^onan fol. 1 -24: b. on ]ni jleba • -j jiec hme mib f he fpiB'ce • -j f hup jeonb pec -j ^eopne ];one man jej-ena • -j ];onne he on pelre janje eCe .iii. luseba eolenan • *j .ill. cpop- leacep • -j .iii. pealtep • "j haebbe hmi fcenc puhie ealaS -j bpyj^e ])]iipa hahj pfetep on • bel'upe selce Ihieb • jepefre hme pi]?]7an- bo jnp .villi, mojijenal'* -j .Villi, niht hnn bi]> pona pel. Jip hnn bi)> lelplbjol'a him beo]:» }?a eajan jeolj^e ]nep hi jieabe beon I'ceolbon. V Jip |ni ]'0ue mon lacnian pille j^iienc hil" jebtepa -j pite hpilcef habef he lie • jip hit bi]j ptopneb man --j locaS tip ]7onne ];u lime nepefc j'ceapalb -j pe -jplita "' bi); ^eolj^e blac • ]7one mon ])u. meaht jelacman ?eltseplice jip lie ne bi]? j^sep on to lanje • jip hit bi]? ptp *j locaS ni)7e]i ]7onne ])u hit jejieft pceapalb • "j hipe -jplita bi]? peabe pan f ]m iniht eac jelacnian • jip hit biS bsej- Jjejme leii^ on ]>onne , xii. mona]? -j I'lo onfyii bijj pyplicu J'oniie mealit ])u hme betaii co lijnle • -j ne meaht hpsej^ejie leltreplice jelacnian. P]nt Jnp jepjiit • Scjiiptum eSc pex jiejum et bomiimp bommantjum • byjinice • bepomce • luplupe • lehe • aiup • aiuj* • aiup • Scj' • Sep . Sc)' • bommu]" beup Sabaoth • amen • alleluiah. Siii;i; ]'ip opeji ])am bpence -j ]>am jepjute • 6eu]' om- fol. l-2b a. mpoteiii" p)ate]i bommi noptjvi lesu cjnpti • peji Inpofi- tjonem hmnf pcpiptiijia expelle a painulo tuo N-' Om- nem Impecuin'- calbalibum ^'^ be eapitc • be capillif • be ' mmcn. i =• Castalides, hun t'ljen, Gl. iSomn. -■ impiTuii, MS. I p. 79 b. Elves of the duwna. LEECH BOOK. ITT. 349 lielenium ; take in the mornino- a cun full of milk, Book III. r"v 1 - ■ ■ drop thrice some holy water into it, let tJie Ttiaoi sup it up as hot as he can : let him eat therewith throe bits of enchanters nightshade, and when he hath a mind to rest, let him have in his chamber gledes, let him lay on the gledes crrupa^ and elfthone, and reek him therewith till he sweat, and reek the house all through ; eai'nestly also sign the man with the sign of tlie cross, and when he is going to bed, let him eat tln-ee bits of helenium, and three of cropleek, and three of salt, and let him have a cup full of ale, and thrice drop holy water into it; let him sup up each bit, and afterwards rest himself. Let him do this for nine mornings and nine nights, it will soon be well with him. If a man hath elf hicket, his eyes are yellow, where they should be red. If thou have a will to cure the man, observe his gestures, and consider of what sex he be ; if it be a man and looketh up, when thou first seest him, and the countenance be yellowish black, thou mayst cure the man thoroughly if he is not too long in the disease ; if it is a woman and looketh down, when thou first seest her, and her countenance is livid red, thou mayst also cure that ; if it has been upon the man longer than a twelvemonth and a day, and the aspect be such as this, then mayst thou amend it for a while, and notwithstanding mayst not entirely ciu-e it. Write this writing, "Scriptum est, rex regum " et dominus dominantium Veronica,' Veronica, , . . iao,- " uyto;, ocyioc, uyiog, sanctus, sanctus, sanctus, domi- " nus, dens sabaoth, amen, alleluicih." Sing this over tlie drink and the writing, "Deus omnipotens, pater " domini nostri lesu Christi, per impositionem huius " scripturse expelle a famulo tuo, here insert the name, " omnem impetum castalidum de capite, de capillis, de ' The miraculous portrait on the i - nirT" kerchief of St. Verouica. -550 L^CE Eor. cepebjio • be j: ponte • be Imjua • be publmjua • be juctojie • be jraucibuf • be bentibup • be oculif • be najtibus . be aujiibus • be manibus • be coUo • be bjiaclinf • be copbe • be amma • be jenibiis • be coxif • be pebibiis • be com- pa^mibus- omnmm raembjiojium mcuf ec }:opif • amen. Pyjie Jjonne bjienc jront pseteji • jiuban • Saluian • cafpue • v bjiaconzan • J^a fme|7an pejbpfieban nif'epeapbe pejrep fupan* biley cjiop- japleacef .ill. clujze- pmul- pepmob- lupefeice • elehtpe • ealpa empela • j^pit , iii. cpiicem inib oleum mpipmojium "j cpeS • pas Cibi • Nim ponne ]> jeppit ppit cpucem mib opeji J?am bpmce ^ fmj ]ny ptep opep. beup omnipotenf pateji bommi • noptjii • lesu cpipti peji Inpofitjonem liump fcpiptupjB^ et pep jufcum huiuS expelle biabolum a pamulo cuo • ]S • - 'j epebo • •j patep • noptep • pset f ^eppit on ]?am bpenee -j ppic cpucem mib him on selcuni lime -j cpeS fijnum cpueiS xpi eonpepuate In uitam euepnam • amen, jip ])e ne V lyfce hat hme pelpne o]>pe fpa jepubne fpa he gefibbofc hsebbe -j fenije fpa he pelofc cunne • J?ep cpsefc msej pi]> selcpe peonbef cofcunje. .Lxni. ^ip mon bi]? on pastep selpable ]7onne beo]? him ]?a lianb ncejlaf ])onne -j ];a eajan ceapije 'j pile locian fol. 12 J b. nij^ep • bo him ]?ip co Isecebome • eopojij^poce • capfuc • pone nio]>opeapb • eopbepje • elehtpe • eolone • mepfc- mealpan cpop • pen niinte • bile • lilie • atcopla]?e • V polleie . mapubie • bocce • ellen • pel teppe • pepmob • i'rpeapbeji^ean leap • conpolbe • opjeoC mib ealaj> • bo halij psetep to finj |>ip jealboji opep ]?pipa • Jo bmne a])pat° beteft beabo ppteba fpa benne ne bupnon ne -pa, MS. I ^ Fi'om I'jn^au rather than ppiran. ■ nomen. LEECH BOOK. III. Sol " cerebro, defronte, de lingua, de sublingua, de gutture, de Book III. " faucibus, de dentibus, de oculis, de naribus, de auribus, '^'"- ' ' de manibus, de collo, de bracliiis, de corde, de anima, • de genibus, de coxis, de pedibus, de compaginibus " omnium membromm intus et foris. Amen." Then work up a drink thus ; font Avater, rue, sage, cassuck, dragons, the netherward part of the smooth waybroad, feverfue, a head of dill, tliree cloves of garlic, fennel, wormwood, lovage, lupin, of all equal quantities ; write a cross three times with the oil of unction, and say, "Pax tibi." Then take the writing, describe a cross with it over the drink, and sing this over it, •' Dominus " omnipotens, pater domini nostri lesu Christi, per im- " positionem huius scripturse et per gustum huius expelle " diabolum a famulo tuo;" here insert the name, and the Credo, and Paternoster. Wet the wi'iting in the drink, and AVi'ite a cross with it on every limb, and say, " Signum crucis Christi conservet te in vitam feter- '• nam. Amen." If it listeth thee not to take this trouble, bid the man himself, or whomsoever he rany have nearest sib to him, to do it, and let him cross him as well as he can. This craft is powerful against every temptation of the fiend. Ixiii. If a man is in the water elf disease, then are the nails of his hand livid, and the eyes tearful, and he will look downwards. Give him this for a leech - dom ; everthroat, cassuck, the netherward part of fane, a yew berry, lupin, helenium, a head of marsh mallow, fen mint, dill, lily, attorlothe, pulegium, marrubium, dock, elder, fel terrse, or lesser centaury, wormwood, strawberry leaves, consolida ; pour them over with ale, add holy water, sing this charm over them thrice : — I have wi^eathed round the wonnds the best of healing wreaths, .352 LMCE Bor. bujifcon ne }:iinhian ne ]:eolo5an • ne lioppetan ne jmiib pfico fi.au • ne bolli biopian • ac lum yelp liealbe hale pa^je • ne ace ]'e ]>on nia ];e eo]i])an on eape ace • Smj ]>iY mancj^um yijuim • eo]ij?e ])e on bejie eallura liijie mihcum -j nirejenum • J'aj' i;albop mon mrej fmjan on pnnbe. .LXIIII. yi]) beofle h]>e bpenc "j unjemynbe bo on ealu caj-puc • elehcpan mojian • jnnnl ontpe • betonice • liinb lieolo]?e • mejice pnbe • pepmob. nepce • elene* pelp]jone • V pnlpep comb • jefmj . xii. mgeppan opep ]>am bpence -j bjiince Inm l)i]^ pona pel. 5penc pip beoplep cofcunja • }?epan jjojm cpopleac • elecjie • ontpe • bifceop pypt • pmul • caj'puc • beromce • jehalja ]>ap py]ita bo on ealu ful. 120 a, balij pietep • -j fie pe bpenc }>?ep mne J>?pp pe feoca man inne fie • "j fiinle a^p ]on ];e he bpmce fmj )>pipa opeji |;am bpence • beup In nomine tuo pakium me pac. .LXY. ^•ip man fie jejymeb ^j ]m lime jelacnian pcyle • jefeoli p be fie topeapb jjonue j)u mjanje J^onne msej be libban • gip be |;e fie pjiampeajib ne jjiet ]m bine abte • jip be bbban miei^e pyl on bntejuin betonican ■ LEECTT BOOK. III. S53 that tlie ])aueful sores may neitlier burn nor burst, nor find their way further, nor turn foul and ftillow, nor thump and throb on, nor be wicked wounds, nor dig deeply down ; but he himself may liold in a way to health. Let it ache thee no more, than ear in earth ^ acheth. Sing also this many times, ^ " May earth bear on " thee with all her might and main." These cliarms a man may sing over a wound. Ixiv. A lithe drink against a devil and dementedness. Put into ale cassuck, roots of lupin, fennel, ontre, betony, hindheal, marche, rue, wormwood, nepeta, hele- nium, elfthone, wolfs comb ; sing twelve masses over the drink, and let the man drink, it will soon be weU with him. A drink against temptations of the devil ; tuftythorn, cropleek, lupin, ontre, bishopwort, fennel, cassuck, betony ; hallow these worts,^ put into some ale some holy water, and let the drink be in the same chamber as the sick man, and constantly before he drinketh sing thrice over the drink, " Deus ! In " nomine tuo salvum me fac." Book Iir. Ch. Ixiii. Ixv. If a man be overlooked, and thou must cure him, see that his face be turned to thee when thou goest in, then he may live ; if his face be turned from thee, have thou nothing to do with him. If he may live, 1 In the grave. * This seems intended to quell the elf. By a fonnula of henediction. VOL. II. 354 L^CE BOC. jyjjpipan • ^eajipan • polleian • bolbjiunan • apjimj ]?u]ih, claj? Iset fcanban • jehset fcenc yxAne cu peapmpe meolce bo )?fe]ie ]-ealpe .V. fnseba ]7sep on fupe on neaht nepti5 *j ete pepfc plaepc ]?8ep J^seji hit psetofc fie • -j picje on nilit ])a yealf e -j f bolh pec mib ealban fpice o]>J»e mib p pepfcpe butepan J^onne hit fie clsene -j pel peab • lacna mib ]>& ilcan pealpa • "j ne Iset coSomne ^ip hio fie clgene • Iset pi]?j7an toSomne. jtp hic nelle pop )?ifum Isecebome batian • pyl on meolcum J^a peaban jeappan ^ pmul • hnpypt • ealpa jehce Iset apeallan ,v. )'ij)nm appin5 ]7uph claS jebpip pel fpi)?ne bpip ]>sd]i on mib hpsete melpe -j jepeeap ^obep peaxep ane fnsebe psep on -j hpep tofomne laet jecolian • jenim hapan pulle lytle fnsebe . ill. bepmb mib ]>y bpipe uCan f he mseje fol. 126 b. popfpeljan -j befupe mib cu peapmum.^ . LXVT. Dpenc pp J'eop pie on men mm |;ap pypte nio])e- peapbe • pmol bifceop pypt sepcj'potan ealpa empela l^ipj-a cpeja maej't • upepeapbe puban • -j betomcan 6p- jeor mib hluttpum eala}> -j jefmje . III. msej'pan opep •j bpmce ymb . ii. mht ]?a3p j^e he opjoten fie sep hif inete "j ?eptep. . LXVII. ViJ) beopol feoce bo on halij paetep 'j on eala bifceop pypte hmbhiolo]?an • ajpimonian • alexanbpian • ^y]?- jiipan pele him bpmcan. 6pc caj-puc • j^epan j^ojin • fran cpop • elehtpe • pmul • eopop]?pote cpopleac opjeot jelice. 6p- fpipe bpeiic piS beople • mm micle hanb ' Supply aieolcum. LEECH BOOK. III. 355 boil in butter betony, gitlirife, yarrow, pulegiimi, pel- Book III. litory ; wring through a cloth, let it stand, heat a cup full in milk warm from the cow, put five pieces of the salve into it ; let the man sup up that at night fasting, and let him eat fresh flesh in the part where it is fattest : and at night take the salve and comfort the wound with old lard or with fresh butter ; when it is clean, and a good red, leech with the same salve, and let it not unite, if it be clean ; make it unite afterwards. If it will not for this leechdom get better, boil in milk the red yarrow, and fennel, and flaxwort, of all equal quantities, let them boil five times, wring through a cloth. Brew up a pretty strong brewit upon this, with wheat meal, shave a piece of good wax into it, and shake up together ; let it cool, take three little bits of hares wool, wind them on the outside about with the brewit, that he may swallow them, and let him sup it up with milk warm from the cow. Ixvi, A drink, if the '' dry " disease be on a man ; take the netherward part of these worts, fennel, bishopwort, ashthroat, of all equal quantities ; of these two folloiu- ing more than of the others, the upward part of rue, and betony ; pour them over with clear ale, and sing three masses over them, and let the man drink about two days from the time when it was poured over, before his meat and after. Ixvii. For one devil sick ; put into holy water and into ale, bishopwort, hind heal, agrimony, alexanders, gitli- rife ; give to the man to drink. Again, cassuck, tufty thorn, stonecrop, lupin, fennel, everthroat, cropleek ; pour over them similarly. Again, a spew drink against the devil ; take a mickle hand full of sedge, and gladden, z 2 35 G LMCE BOC. pulle fecje]' • -j jlcTebenan bo on pannan • jeoc inicelne bollan }:iilne ealap on bepyl heal}: jejuib . XX. lyb- cojina bo on ■]> ]>i]' i)- i;ob bjienc pi]:* beo]:le. [lxviil] Leoht: b]\enc pij> peben lieojite elehtjie • bij'ceop pyjic ibIj: J?one • elene • cjiopleac • Innb hioloj^e • ontpe • elate • Nim ]>a,y pyjita Jjonne bsej "j nihc fcabe • fmj fejiefc on cijucean letania • ^ cpeban • -j pateji noj-tep • ^anj mib ]>j fanje co ]?am pyptum ymbja hie ])]\iya, sep ]m Ine nnne • 'j 3a ept to cipicean jefnij . xii. inpej-j-au opep ])am pyptum ]7onne jm hie opjoten hfeblDe. . LXVIIII, T^y. men fie maja afupob "j po]i];unben • jenim holen leapa micle tpa hanb pulla jepceajipa fpipe fmale pyl on meolcum o]> ■f hie fyn pel meajmpe pupla fnteb mgelum ete ]?onne .VI. fnseba • on mop^en . iii. -j on sepen .111. -j reptep hip mete • bo ]nip .VIITI. niht lenj jip him ];eapp fie. :• Tip mon bi}> aj'unben ete puban -j bjiince he bi); hal. :• Pi]; majan psepce jmban fseb 'j epic feolpoji -j eceb bepjen on neahc neptij. Gpt jnib on eceb -j on psetep polleian j-ele b]iincan fona ^ paji cojlit. .LXX. v^ Vi]> pambe prepce opjeot polleian -j bjiince -j jnime bmbe to ]?am napolan • 'j pite jeo^iie f fio pyjit apej ne ajlibe ponn bi|> pel. LEECH BOOK. III. 357 put them into a pan, pour a niicklc }jowl lull ol" ale J^ook III. upon them ; boil half, rub fine twenty libcorns, put them into it ; this is a good drink against the devil. Ixviii. A light drink tor the wood heart ; lupin, bishop- wort, enchanters nightshade, helenium, cropleek, hind- heal, ontre, elote. Take these worts when day and night divide ; sing first in church a litany, and a Credo, and a Pater noster, with the song go to the worts, go thrice around them, before thou touch them ; and go again to church, sing twelve masses over the worts when thou hast poured — ^ over them. Ixix. 1. If a mans stomach be soured and swollen ; take holly leaves, two mickle Iiands full, scrape them very small, boil them in milk till they be pretty tender, pick them out by a bit at a time ; then let the man eat six bits, in a morning three, and in evening three, and after his meat. Thus do for nine days, longer if need be. 2. If a man be swollen, let him cat rue and drink it ; he will be well. 3. For pain of maw ; let the man taste at night fasting, seed of rue, and quicksilver, and vinegar. Agaui, rub pulegium into vinegar and into water, give the man to drink, soon the soreness glideth away. Ixx. 1. For wamb wark ; drench in pulegium, and let him drink it and bind some to his navel, and let him earnestly beware that the wort do not glide away. Soon he will be well. ' Not mentioned ; to be supplied 1 * The liquid is not mentioned, from above. 358 L/ECE BOC. Pi]7 majaii psepce piibu ];iirley )?one jpenan ^ meaph Ipe bi|) on ]>am. henybe jfele him etan mib hatan ele. Vi]> pambe heapbnepj'e jeclsenfa jijjcojin jnib on cealb ysQte]! pele hnn bpmcan. . LXXI. Pi]; fpjimje jnib paluian ]n]> liiinij linijie mib Sona h\]y pel. 6pt pyjvc pealpe mm hanb pulle fppmj pypte • "j hanb pulle pejbjiseban • 'j hanb pulle majj^an • fol. 127 b. "J hanb pulle ni'Sepeapibe boccan ]?a3pe ]?e fpimman piUe on butpan alilyttpe f pealt; op *j ]3 pam bo hpon hunije]^ to enjlij-cej- • bo opep pyji apyl • ]?onne hiu pealle- finj . ill. pareji nopcep opeji bo ept op fmj ]?onne .villi. fi]7um patep noj^tep on -j ]?]npa apyl -j fpa jelome op abo -j lacna mib pi|7];an. . LXXIT. Vi]? J^sepe jeolpan able opjeot ];ap pypte mib fpij^e beope • pibban hanb pulle • cptc pmba hanb pulle . vim. fnseba mj^epeapbpe iBpcj^potan • -j . Villi. ni|?epeapbpe eolenan. 6pc bile • celenbjie • Salman msept pyl on fpi)>um beope f hit fie ]7icce • -j jpene • mm nijjepeapbe eolenan jefm]? on hunij ete fpa manije fnseba fpa he mseje ^ebpmce ]?iep bpencep pcenc pulne septep -j eal f jiddc ete pceapen plsepc 'j nan oj'ep. . LXXIII. ^ip men fie mnelpe ute jecnua jalluc appinj )7uph claS on cu peapme meolce • pset ]?ine hanba )7aep on 'j jebo f mnelpe on l;one man jefeope mib feolce pyl him |7onne jalluc .villi, mopjnaf butan him lenj |7eapp lie peb hme mib pepfce hpenne plsej'c * * * The MS. has a stop after sjaenan. LEECH BOOK, HI. 359 2. For maw pain; give tho 'man to eat the green BooklH. marrow which is in the head of a wood thistle, with ' ^^* hot oil. S. For hardness of wamb ; cleanse githcorns, rub them Jine into cold water, give to the man to drink. Ixxi. Against carbuncle ; rub sage with honey, smear there- with, soon he will be well. Agam, work a salve, take a hand full of spring wort, and a hand full of way broad and a hand full of maythe, and a hand full of the netherward part of dock, that namely which will swim ; boil in butter, clear off the salt and the foam, add a little English honey, put over a fire, boil it; when it boileth sing three Pater nosters over it, remove it again, then sing nine Pater nosters, and boil it thrice, and so frequently ; remove it, and after that cure with it. Ixxii. 1, For the yellow disease ; souse these worts in strong beer, of ribwort a hand full, of quickbeam rind a hand full, nine bits of the netherward part of ashthroat, and nine of the lower part of helenium. 2. Again, boil dill, coriander, most of sage, in strong beer, that it may be thick and green ; take the nether- ward part of helenium, cut it up into honey, let the patient eat as many bits as he can ; let him drink after it a cup full of the drink, as above ; and all the time let him eat sheep flesh and none other. Ixxiii, If a mans bowel be out, pound galluc, wring through a cloth into milk warm from the cow, wet thy hands therein, and put hack the bowel into the man, sew up with silk, then boil him for nine mornings galluc, that is, comfrey, except need be for a longer time, feed him with fresh hens flesh. 360 LEECH BOOK. Ill, Perhaps one folio is mlsslnrj. There is some writing along the margin of the last page, the few readable syllables of which are unin- telligible. bila b]ia bmb ]:> yob J;i A Byji m i]i bjien. GLOSSARY, GLOSSAEY. The following glossary relies almost entirely npoii original authorities ; upon a collation of the manu- script ancient extant glossaries with their printed editions, which have been falsified by ignorant con- jectures ; and upon a careful examination of many Saxon volumes never yet published. No reliance has been placed on modern productions, in the way of dictionaries ; they will be found full of errors.^ Every article either supplies a deficiency or corrects an error ; but our limits will not admit of the insertion of every correction prepared for the press. Corrections wei/e, of course, to be accompanied by their proofs, and this adds to the length of the various articles. Some refer to genders or declensions or terminations, for an exact knowledge of our Oldest English is impossible, as long as students are deceived on these elementary points. The most important printed texts of Saxon works have been collated from beginning to end, letter by letter, with the original manuscripts. The modern editions in particular are, sometimes, very faulty. In the names of plants the reader will observe that a name, liowever wrong, is within its own bounds, still ' See Shrine (Williams and Norgate). 364 GLOSSARY. a name. Mistakes often thrive, and even ovei'power a true old tradition. Many decided spirits would have all error thrown over, but to do so, would render our collection less complete. The order of the letters is so arranged that K goes with C, Y with I, and Jwrn is last of all. AC- TABLE OF CONTRACTIONS. PRINTED BOOKS. "" M.G. A.R. A.W. ° Bw. • C»d. CD. ° C.E. ° Ch. ^ DD. Dief. D.R. G. " G«. <= Hb. ^Ifrics Grammar, ed. Somner, quoted by pages and lines. Adrian and Ritlieus, ed. Kem- ble, by pages. ^.Ifreds Will, reprint 1828, by pages. Beowulf, ed. Grandtvig, col- lated -with MS., by lines. Caidmou, if Csedmon, by the pages and lines of the ori- ginal MS. Codex Diplomaticus, by num- bers. Codex Exoniensis, by pages, ed. Thorpe. Channs, Leechdoms, Vol. I. (Dooms) Laws and Institutes, ed. 1840, by pages. Glossarium Diefenbaehii. Durham Ritual, by pages. Fight at Finnesburg, ed. Thorpe. Goodwins Andrew and Vero- nix. Goodwins Gu'Slac. Herbarium, Leechdoms, Vol.1., by articles. Horn. ..iElfrics Homilies, ed. Thorpe. ^ Lb. Leechbook, Leechdoms, Vol. n., by chapters. M. Mones Glossaries in Quellcn und Forschungen, von F. J. Mone, 1830. M.Sp. Mannings Supplement to Lye, paged for the purpose, from Testamentum Elfhelmi, page 1. N. Narratiunculse, 1861. (Russell Smith.) " O.cl. O clerice, in preface to Leech- doms, Vol. L p. Iviii. " O.T. Orosius, ed. Thorpe, by pages and lines. °Quad. Medicina de Quadrupedibus, Leechdoms, Vol. L ' Runl. The Runlio'S, or Runelay, quoted by articles. SH. Shrine, where some Saxon pieces are printed. S.S. Solomon and Saturn, ed. Kem- ble. SSpp. Spoon and Sparrow, for ety- mology. 360 TABLE OF CONTRACTIONS. IN MANUSCRIPT. Qenerally cited by folios. xii.Ab. De xii. Abusivis. MS. C.C.C. BL. Blooms, or Elores Soliloquio- rum. D.G. Dialogues of Gregorius, MS. C.C.C. ' Ai5a|. The treatise irepl SiSd^ecov, in Leeehdoms, Vol. III. F.D. De Falsis Dis. MS. C.C.C. » F.L. Fourth Leeehdoms, for pub- lication in Leeehdoms, Vol. IIL G.D. Dialogues of Gregorius, MS- Cotton. HID, Liber de Hida. Lacn. Lacnunga, in Vol. IIL of Leeehdoms, by articles. M.H. Minster Homilies of JElfvic, except Sigewulfi respou- siones, de xii. Abusivis, and de Falsis Dis. P.A. The Liber Pastoralis of King Alfred, MS. Hatt. E.M. Rule of Mynchens. Sc. Liber Scintillamm. SMD, Somnionim Diversitas. GLOSSARIES. Gl. Brax. A Brussels Glossary, printed by Mone, p. 314, by Thorpe, unpublished, p. 30, by "Wright, p. 62. Gl. C. An early Glossary in MS. 0!. Dun. An old Glossary in the library of the cathedral at Durham. The compiler had used the Saxon Herbarium, as in Lactuca leporina. Gl. E. Glossaries pi'inted by Eckhart, in Commentarii de rebus FrancijE Orientali.3, Wirce- burgi, fol., 1729, 2 vols. Gl.Hoffm. Althochdeutsche Glossen, von A. H. Hoffmann, 1826. Gl. M. A manuscript on vellum, the property of Rev. W. D. Macray. Gl. M.M. Glossarj- of Moyen Moutier, printed, but unpublished. Mone. Glossaries printed by Mone, in Quellen und Forschungen, Aachen und Leipsig, 8vo., 1830. The herb glossary fetches from. Hb. Used MS. B. N. Bakers Northamptonshire Gl. Gl. Prud. Glossary on Prudentius, printed but unpublished. Gl. R. Junius transcript of the Rubens MS. Glossary, MS. Gl. Somn. The Glossaries printed by Somner, in Dictionarium Saxonico - Latino- Anglicum. Oxonii, fol., 1059, printed ■with errors from Gl. R. Other manuscript Glossaries numbering about fifteen. GLOSSAHY. A. A, as prefix, is a shorter form of— 1. And, as in abidan, for andbidan. 2. On, as in among, for onmang, and aweg, for onweg, both of which are oc- casionally parallel MS. readings. See MH. 115 a, with var. lect. 3. Un, as in atynan, open, for untynan. 4. Of, as in acalan for ofcalan. Horn. n. 248. 5. Embe, as in ymbutan, abutan, and by apokope buton. 6. Ge, as in alefed, for gelefed, Acumba, -an, masc? oakum, stupa. Cf. " Coarse fibres among wool are kemps," Gl. N. Putamina, acuman, secumba, Gl. Mone, p. 398 a, p. 407 a, as consisting of coarse fibres. Nct^Sa is an approxi- mation only, explained in SH. p. 10. Similarly "Napta, genus fomenti, i.e. " tyndir," Gl. M.M. p. 159 b. Acumba in ashes seems administered as a sub- stitute for "Z-nooiov. Lib. I. i. 1 5 ; xxxiii. i ; xlvii. 3. M, as a prefix, is commonly a shorter form of^f, which answers to the Latin Ob, in the sense of annoyance, as in Officere and the like. Thus ^bylgan, ^cyrf Bed. 552, 1. 13 ; JEmod. iEc, Ac, gen. -e, fem., oak, quercus rohur. Sume ac astah, Hom. II. 150, got vp into an oak. Of t'sere aec, CD. 570, p. 78. J^eo)- ac, M.G. 7, 48. Gen. Ace, JEc—cont. Lb. I. xxxviii. 11. "Vowels dropped, CD. 588, 624, etc. Gen. pi. Acana, CD. 126. 2. As a letter of the alphabet the same word is masc, gen. -es. Acaj- cpegen hasselap ]-pa pome, C.E. 429, two As and two Hs along with them. JEcelma, gen. an, masc? a chilblain, miila. Gl. Mone, p. 359 b. " Mula est quaedam " infirmitas in homine quae uocatur " gybehos," Gl. Harl. 3388, that is, kihe of heel. In Italian, " mule, kibes, chil- " blanes " (Florio). In Trench, " mule, " a kibe " (Cotgrave). Palagra, secilma, Gl. Cleop., where understand podagra ani. footsore. The word is compounded of M for My, signifying annoyance, eel, chill, and the participial man. SSpp., art. 943. iEdre, vein, vena, gen. both -e, and -an, fem., Lb. L i. 13; II. xviii.; II. xxxii., etc. Hb. iv. 4. On o>rum monJ>e J>a aidron beo'S geworden, N. p. 49, in the second month the veins are formed. S.S. 148, 192. 2. pi. kidneys, renes. ll.M. 69, a. Hb. ixxxvi. 3; cxix. 3. Paris Ps. cxxxviii. 11. 3. In the sense of water spring found neut. Jjset wseterfeddre, perhaps by at- traction. Hom. n. 144. Ealle eor^an ffiddre onsprungon ongean J>am heofon- . lican flode. MS. CC.C 419, p. 42. iEfer'Se, gen. -an, fem.? an herb unknown. Lb. I. xxxiii. 2, etc 3G8 GLOSSARY. vEgwyrt, gen. -e, fern., eggwort, dande- lion, leontodon taraxacum ; like Germ. Eyerblume, from the round form of the pappus. Lacn. 40. ^Ifsibenne, from cclf, eJf, and sido, masc, manners, asBoet. p. 45,1. 21, p. 131, 1. 10, often taken in a good sense as morals. Lb. I. Ixiv. The termination -en, like -ivos, -inus, does not always relate to metals and materials, but as in fyrlen, distant, myrteu,mortuari/,is more general. We may therefore take this word as the accusative of an adjective. It is, how- ever, possible that it may be a substan- tive. Lacn. 11. ^IfsogcSa. See Sogo^a. Lb. III. Ixii. iElfSone, gen. -an ; fem. ? probably cir- c(ea httetiana, enchanters nigJdshade, which in old Dutch is Alfrancke. Lb. I. xxxii. 4; II. liii. ./Epenms, masc, gen. -e)% a medlar, fruit of viespdus germanica. Lb. II. ii. 2. See the passage and the glossarial openaep)-, mespilum. ^ppel, gen. -pies, masc. in sing, pi, -pla, apple, malum. Numb. xi. 5. P. A. 19 b. Also a soft fruit, as fruit of the bramble. Lb. I. Ixiv. ; III. xli. Fingersepla, dates, M.H. 131 b. A translation of AaicrvXot. t'oji'Sseppel, Numb. xi. 3, a cucumber. Fic »ppel, a fig (Lye), pi. pcffippla, Matth. vii. 16 ; Luke vi, 44. PalmjEpla, Gl. Cleop. fol. 66 d. Gl. Mone, p. 409 b. Lb. II. i. ; n. xxxvi. SSpp. .543. 2. A dumpling. Hb. cxxxiv. 2. 3. The ball of the eye, with pi. masc. On ^sej- ppenlsean eajum beo'S "Sa jepplaj- hale. Ac ^a bpsepa)' j^peacigea'S, P. A. 15, a. hi the eyes of the bleareyed the balls are healthy, but the lids .swollen. Se o'Scp SDppel j)ae)- SeeraciSoh, M.H. 98 b, the ball of one eye u-as emptied of its crystalline, aqueous, and vitreous humours. Applied less exactly as a translation of pup ilia, Boet. p. 132, 1. 25. ^pse, gen. -an, fem.? the aspen, populus tremula. Lb. I. xxxvi. SH. 25. The last syllable in the modern name repre- sents the case endings. JE\>r. occurs in ^pse — cont. the glossaries, and Lb. III. xxxix ; it is regarded by JElfric in Gr. as Abies. JEsc, gen. -es, masc. C.D. 461, the ash, fraxi?ius excelsior. Se cojihta sesc. C.E. 429. Ceaster a;sc, Helleborvs niger, black hellebore, which has leaves like those of the ash. " Eliforus (read Helleborus), " j)ebe bejige (jnad berry') vel ceafcc]i " fe)-c." Gl. Cleop. fol. 36 b. Lacn. 39. JEsce, gen. -an, fem., ash, cinis. Lb. I. xxxviii. 4. Quad. iii. 4. Axe \>\x ea]ic T on axan leoya. Cinis es et in cinere uiue. Sell, a. iE.G. 11,47. C.E. 213, line 27. Cf. Aska, fem., old Dansk. .^scl'jiotu, gen. -an, fem. 1. Verbena officinalis, Hb. iv., with the drawing. Verbenaca, in MS. Bodley 130, is drawn and glossed Verbena, vervain. Also Veruyn in ]\IS. T. Verbenaca in Dodoens is Vervain. " Verveyne, " Veruena vocatur grece ierobotanum " vel peristerion et dicitur verbena " quia virtutibus plena," MS. Douce, 290. MS. G. has a gl. " Taubencropf," which, as I learn from Adeluug, is Verbena. " Hiera quam Latini Ber- " benam uocant ideo a grecis hoc " nomen accepit quod sacerdotes earn " purificationibus adhibere consueve- " runt." MS. Harl. 5264, fol. 56, b. '' Verbena, sescwert," Gl. Mone, p. 442 a. " Berbenaces, eascvyrt," Gl. Dun. Lb. IIL 72. 2. Annuosa, which is found in a few glossaries, is a mere blunder for anchusa, translated in Hb. ci. 3, by ashthroat. 3. Goutweed, eegopodium podagraria. Ashweed is this in Mylnes Indigenous Botany. This plant I take to be meant by the Ferula of Gl. M.M., Gl. Dun., Somner Lex., Gl. Brux. The Ferula communis, or fennel giant, is not a native of England, and under t.U cir- cumstances, would cither not have an English name or one extended to plants of a similar aspect, even if smaller. This segopodium is often called Angelica, GLOSSARY. 3G9 JEscl'iiorii — cont. even down to Kay, and the angelicas are also large and hollow. Throat seems to imply hollowness, and Ash either size or similar leaves. The fennel giant is, however, men- tioned in the life of St. Godric as affording walking staves for pilgrims, (A.D. lir)9), p. 163. -Ssmaelum, dat. pi., a disease of the eye, contraction of the pupil, oculorum immi- nutio. " Evenit etiam ut oculi, vel ambo " vel singuli, minores fiant quam esse " naturaliter debeant." Celsus, VI. vi. 14. " Pupillaj malum est, quum an- " gustior ac obscurior rugosiorque effi- " citur," Actuarius, 184, c. Lb. I. 2, and contents. A comp. of M, for iEf, implying mischief, and Smsel. JEJ^elj-eji^rngjiypt, fern., gen. -e, stichwort, stellaria holostea, with s. graminea. iEt'elj-ep'^Smcjiypt in Hb. Ixiii. 7, trans- lates " agrimoniam," and Ixxviii. 1, " argeraonitis." See Plinius, xxvi. 59. " Agrimonia alpha, eathelferthing vyrt " vel glofvyrt," Gl. Dun. " Alfa, ffi'Sel- " jepbmgjiypc," Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 7. Some supposed agrimonia to be stich- wort, though as the translator of the Her- barium had called it japchfe, a very appropriate name, we should not have expected this uncertainty from him. " Agrimonia, jticpypc," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 65. In Lacn. 29, sel'dyep'Sms- pypc is glossed " auis lingua." " Lingua " avis . i . pigle, stichwort," Gl. M. " Lin- " gua auis . i . pigle," Gl. Rawl. C. 607. *' Lingua auis, stichewort," Gl. Sloane, 5. The name describes the leaves. Afreo'San, to froth. Lb. I. xlvii. 2. Ahwsenan, preet. ede, p.p. ed, to trouble, contristare. lib. xx. 7, where Lat. con- tristatus. "Ilerof J>e lauedies to me menej>. An wel sore me ahweneK Wei neh min heorte wule tochine, Hwon ich beholde hire pine. Owl and Nightingale, 1562. Of this the ladies tome rrioan, and pretty sorely distress me; well niyh my VOL. XL Ahwfcnan — cont. heart will break (tocman), when I behold their pain. Vtan ypej-pian ahpajnebe T hyptan opmobe, MS. C.C.C. 419, p. 246. Let us comfort the distressed and encou- rage the despairing. Cf DD. 139, xlvii. AleJ'jian, to lather. Lb. I. liv. See Lea'Sor. It is for Gelet>]ian. Alor, Air, gen. -es, masc, the alder, alnus glutinosa. Lb. I. ii. 14 ; aires. Lb. II. li. 3 ; masc. CD. 376. Ananbeam, gen. — es, masc, the spindle tree, euonymus Europceus. Lb. I. xxxii. 4. Germ, anisbaum. " |7anabeam, fusa- " num, spindle tree, prichtimber." Som- ner Lex. " Fusarius, uuananbeam," Gl. M.M. Anapypm, Ons worm, masc. Lb I. xlvi. 1. In the Ynglinga Saga, Anasott is said to have taken its name from On, a king of Sweden, who prolonged his own life by sacrificing from time to time one of his sons to Woden. Si'San andaj'Sist en konungr, ok er hann heyg'Sr at Uppse- lum. pat er si'San kellut Anasott er ma'Sr deyr verklaus af elli. Heims- kringla, Ynglinga S. xxix. Then ex- pired king On, and icas buried at Upsal. It was afterwards called On-sickness, when a man dies from old age, without agony. That the former element in Anajiypm, Anasott, is the same cannot be doubtful. Anj'pilbe, unique (^unicus, singularis'). Lb. I. ii. 9. Cf. Zwispild, geminus, biformis. (Graff.) Autre. See Ontre. Lb. II. U. Arendan. Lb. II. Hi. Argesweorf, gen. -es, brass filings. Lb. I. xxxiv. 1. See Gesweorf. Arod, an herb, probably arum, "Apov, Lb. III. xlii. Lacn. 2. Thus Cymed for Cymen. A]\ 6m, copperas. The reading of the MS. in Lb. II. xv. is sap 6m, translating /xfTO xaAKdi'0011 \eiov (koI yUf'AiTi oKijca avaXafiMv). XaAKavOos is green vitriol. But it is also brass rust, cerugo, and the A A GLOSSARY, Ap 6m — conf. true reading may be ap 6m. The -word copperas is commonly used for either the green rust of copper, or the green vitriol •with which the kitchenmaid cleans brass pans; from its ambiguity it was con- Yenient. Aei'ou points to the levigated rust. Asaru, asarabacca, asarum Europceum. Lb. II. xiv. Foles foot is Tussilago far- fara. Asiftan, to sift. Lb. I. ii. 20. Aslawen, stnick, stricken, from a)-lean, for f aj-lagan, a collateral form. Contents, Lb. I. Ivi. =a)-lasen in text. So cnucan becomes cnujmn, cnuan. Asprindlad, ripped tip and spanned open with tenter hooks. Lb. II. xxiv. From sprindel, tenticum, Gl. C, a tenter hook. Cf. Spreisseln, Schmeller, Bayerisches Worterbuch, IV. p. 593. Atpum, a Latin word, Smyrnium olusa- trum. Lb. I. ii. 20, etc. Atcopla>e, gen. -an ; " venom-loather," panicum cms galli. In Hb. xlv. arcop- lajpe is galli crus, and were there doubt, it seems removed by MSS. G. T. A., which draw the p. sanyuinale, Linn., now called digitaria sanguinalis. These two grasses are included together in the " cocksleg," hahnenbein of the Germans. The corresponding article in MS. Bod- ley, 130, gives the name sanguinaria, and the old gloss is Blobwrt, with a later of the 14th century, "Blodwerte." San- guinaria is often glossed as shepherds purse, thlaspi or capsella bursa pastoris, or as tormeutilla, these being esteemed stanchers of blood, or as polygonum ; but in this instance it must be as above, d. sanguinalis. With these testimonies it is vain to consider how such virtue was attributed to a grass. Did they confuse panicum with panacea ? The glossaries give no real help. "Atrilla, " attorlathe," Gl. Dun., where atrilla seems to be afctoplaj^e with a Latin ter- mination. "Astrilla," Gl. Sloane, 146. Arcoplat>e — con t. " Cyclaminos, attorlathe," id., but cycla- men is in Herbarium " slite." " Galli " crus, attorlathe," id., a quotation from our book. "Fenifiiga, attorlathe," id., un- derstand venenifuga, a translation of the Saxon word. "Venenifuga, arcepla^e," Gl. Somner, p. 66 [63] b. 27. " Morella, " atterloh-e,'' Gl. Harl. 978, but morella is atropa belladonna, and poisonous itself. Atejila^e, betonica, Lye, from a Gl. ; but betony and attorlothe are separately named in Lb. I. i. 15. The claims of asclepias vincetoxicum are set aside by its being a foreign plant. The heal all of the old Dansk, Laukr, has no support from our authorities. Lye prints, by some error, sattorla^e also. The small attorlothe occurs in Lb. I. xlv. 6. Aurugo is interpreted by Du Cange la jaunisse, the jaundice. This rendering is supported by the etymon aurum, goJd, and by authority ; aurugo, color in auro, sicut in pedibus accipitris, i . gelesouch, Gl. E. vol. ii. p. 992 a, the colour one sees in gold, as in a hawks feet, the yellow sickness. Gelisuhtiger, ictericus, auruginosus, Graff, vol. vi. col. 142. Our text, however, interprets aurugo, as a tugging or drawing of the sinews, Hb. Perhaps this may be explained by ob- serving that auriglnosus is glossed ar- cuatus, Du Cange ; auruginosus, ar- cuatus, Gl. Isid. Not very differently from our text ; " Artuatus, j-ybmyole " abl," Gl. K. p. 11, ult., read arcuatus and it may be, geole, or muscle ; whence it might well be supposed that o-KLirddTovos was meant, a term ap- plied to bows, bent back the opposite way to their natural curvature, especially true of horn bows, Gortynia cornua, and to persons suffering under that extreme form of tetanus, in which the feet and head are drawn back till they touch. Aurigo is also, in Apul. Ixxxvii., morbus regius, which was another mediajval name for the jaundice ; Graff, vol. vi.. GLOSSARY. 371 Aurugo — cont. 141. Graffs mark of interrogation at the -word Gelbsucht, would be removed by the publication of our texts. Aj'fepan, f -)>jieap, -^ujien, turn, coagu- late. See ppepan. Lb. I. xlv. 5. Ahyn, press. Lb. I. viii. 2. His eyes aep jiaepon uta'Sybe oy >am eahbpinsum, MH. 98 b, were before thrust out of their sockets. See pyn. B. Ban — 1. A bone. 2. A leg, neut., pi. ban. Lb. Li. 15 ; L xxvi. ; IL li., -where it is leg, so Csedm. ? Daniel, MS. p. 195, 5. f seudo Caedm. H.H. MS. p. 223, 20, their legs failed them. " Tibialis, banjiyjr," Gl. M.M. Banpypc, fem., gen. in -e. 1. banewort, viola, not blue voilet, but viola lactea, while violet, and v. lutea, Heartsease. In Hb. clii. 1, bone-wort is in the Latin version of Dioskoridcs, (not ex- isting in the Hellenic) " viola alba : " in Hb. clxv. it is also distinguished from viola purpurea in art. clxvi. Lb. I. i. 15. 2. Bellis perennis, daisy, bsegef eage ; but at a period later than our text ; and ' perhaps by error. " Consolida minor, " daysey, ven-wort, idem bone-wort," GI. Harl. 3388. " Consolida minor . i . bon- " -wert," GI. M. " Consolida minor, days- " y^e," Gl. Bodley, 178. "Consolida " minor. Daysei is an herbe hat sum " men callet hembris-worte oK'r bone- " wort," Gl. Douce, 290. " Consolida " minor . i . petit comferi . anglice dayis- " hege . habet florem album," Gl. Raw- linson, c. 607. Benwort, daisy, (Dick- insons Cumberland Gl. in add.) 3. Eryttircea centaureum, if we trust " centaurea minor, banpy^ic," Gl. Somn,, p. 64 b, 18. The wort is said to have cpoppan, bunches, either racemes or Banj'vpt — cont. umbels or cimes, which applies better to this lesser centaury than to heartsease or to daisy. Lb. IF. li. 2. 4. " Filia aurea, banpyjir." Gl. Cleop. Fila aurea, Solidago virgaurea, Bat., sometimes called consolida Saracenica. Ba'Sian, to bathe, is to be distinguished from Be^ian, to beathe or warm. In the Lb. MS. fol. 92 a, the penman first had written e, but this he erased to put a. But as the old idea of a bath did not include cold water, the words are nearly allied. Belene, beolene, gen. -an, fem. ? henbane, hyoscyamus niger. Hb. v. Lb. I. ii. 22 ; I. iii. 3. Another name is henne belle, from its bell shaped capsules, which are dra-wn in MS. V., and from them the name belene, seems derived ; belle, a bell; hellen, furnished with bells ; and the final e is the usual final distinctive form of names of worts. The modern name henbane is independent, and derived from its poisonous qualities; another is henne- pol, with the same sense. Beopc, bark, latratus. Hb. Ixvii. 2. Ge- beopc, Sc. 55 b. JE.G. 2, 44. Beor^or, byr'Sor, gen. -res. 1. the embryo, fa-tus. Quad. iv. 4; Bed. 493, 40. " FcEtu, rubpe vel mib beopj^jie," Gl. Cleop. 40 b. N. 50. 2. Childbirth, partus. Quad. iv. 6. Beop'Sopcpelmaj-, abortivi, Lye. Lb. HI. xxxvii. Cf. Mone, p. 411 a. Beopj^pt, fem., beewort, sweet flag, acorus calamus. Hb. vii. " Marubium, hune " vel beopypc," Gl. Cleop. fol. 61 a, wrong. In Hb. vii. a synonym in the Latin is Veneria, and the mediaeval mar- ginal annotations on Dioskorides give on "AKopov (not Acorns), ol 5e, x'^P'^^y 'A(ppoSi(rlas, 'Pwfia'oi /Sej/f'peo, ol Se, vavriKO. paSi|, TdWoi TTfirepaKiovn; that is, Aco- rum is called in Latin Veneria, and by the Gauls peper apium (for apum), bees pepper : (for the Celtic use of kappa in- stead of pi, see SSpp. art. 20). What our text says about bees, is to be under- A A 2 S72 GLOSSARY. Beoj'vpt — cont. stood, as that the -wort will induce an unsettled swarm of bees to i-econcile themselves to an offered hive ; hence it •was reasonably called beewort : and so Dioskorides, of Acorum says, that the roots are not in smell unpleasant ; rfj 6a/xfj ovK a-nSels. In MS. V. the root chiefly is drawn, and the figure corre- sponds minutely with the description in Dioskorides, that they,for he uses a plural, are not straight grown, but oblique and superficial, divided by knots ; ovk els eieh iretpvKvias aAAa irKaytas Kol e'l tVnroArjs, ySvacri SieiArj^.ueVas. That he adds viroXevKov^, whitish, while the English drawing has a strong red, may be set down to the artistic tastes of the painter. The di-awing in MS. A. is very similar. Somners Gl. p. 63 a, line 59, translates apiago by beowyrt. In MS. Bodley, 130, veneria is drawn as acorum, with a large creeping root, and glossed "lemre" for the English name. Dorsten calls the roots of acorus " rubicundas," as co- loured in MS. v., and on this ground several glossaries make acorus = madder. The x^po^ of the mai'gin of Dioskorides is another form of acoros, and'AcppoSicrlas has the same sense as veneria. MS. G. figures a crow foot, with gl. "honefus." 2. Acanthe. Hb. cliv. figured as sld- laria hulostea. Besengian, to singe. Lb. I. li. See Sengian. Besoreadan, to empurple. Lb. I. xlvii. 1 ; from baso, jjurple, and read, red. Byben, gen. -e, fern., a bucket: used in Lb. I. xxxii. 2, with a perforated stool, and thus evidently the modern bidet. Binj-pypc, fem., gen. in -e, a rush, a iuncus or carex or butomus umbellatus, as in German. Bypisbepge, fem., gen. -an, -ean, a mul- berry. Lb. II. XXX. 2. Moros, mulberry trees, Ps. Ixxvii. 52, is translated by typ'S and by mapbeamaf. Spelm. Bepij;bpenc, diamoron, Gl. in Lye, a drink made from mulberries with honey. Bypla, masc, gen. -an, the barrel, in the horse keepers sense ; Lb. I. Ixxxviii. 3, from the context and the modern word. As, however, there is but this known example, it may be perineum, like bcere, in Molbech. Cf. " Burlings, the tails " and other parts, which are taken from " lambs when sheared. Burl, to take such " wool from lambs as is dirtied, or liable " to additional deterioration from their " laxity of body." Salopia antiqua Gl. Bi)"ceoppy]ir, fem. gen. in -e, bishopswort, ammi mains. (Skinner, Nemnich,Florio, Cotgrave, Lovell, Culpeper.) This is medicinal, but foreign, and must be taken as cultivated by our " herborists," as Lyte says of it. Bishops weed=ammi. Skinner. So we read " the southern " bishopwort. Lb. II, liv. 2. Verbena officinalis? if we trust Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 1, with p. 66 [63] b, 32. 3. "Hibiscus?" //-eernaZ/ow. Gl. Cleop. Gl. M.M. Vitex '^ Agnus castus," Gl. Arund. 42, fol. 92. " Puleium mon- " tanum," Gl. Arund. 42. Bij-ceopjiypC yeo Iscj-j-e, the lesser bishopswort, betonica officinalis. "Beto- " nica,"Gl. Somn.p. 64a,49 ; Gl. Arund. 42; Gl. Dun. ; Gl. Mone, p. 320 b ; Gl. Faust ; Hb. i. ; but Skinner says " be- " tonica aquatica," which is scrophularia aquatica. Bat. ; and Culpeper says, " water betony, in Yorkshire bishops " leaves." Bite, gen. -ej-, masc. 1. a bite. 2. a cancer. 1. pi. hitay, Quadr. xiii. 7; Isl. bit, a bite, is neuter (B.H.). Biz, ohg., hiss in Germ., are masc. The word is followed by heo, Quadr. xi. 7, but that will be an error. Slire also and others have final e. Lb. I. xliv. 1. Blffic, gen. -ey? a blotch. Lb. Contents, I. xxxii., with article pam. "Vitiligo, " blec," Gl. M.M. p. 154 b, 39, where is added J^jiuj^'el, leprosy, the same as Goth. J^rutsfill, Xfwpa. Similarly id. p. 164 b, 3, but blectb. 2. Ink, encaustum, DD. 395. GLOSSARY. Blopan, prset. f bleo)', pp. blojien, to Uow, bloom, blossom, Jlorere. Tjieopa he be)' jse)ilice bloj'an, M.Sp. p. 16, Trees lie shall cause suddenly to bloom. Mid blowendum wyrtum, Horn. II. 352, with blooming worts. OS ^ hi becomou to j-umuni pcinenbura jelba jffiSjie Sebloiien, M.II. 99 b, Till they came to a shining plain, fair and blooming (" fairly blown "). C.E. 199, 200, etc. Bogen. See Bo'Sen, convertible, Lb. p. 310, note. Lb. III. iv. xxvi. xxx. Ixii. 1. Box, neut, ? Lb. II. lix. 14. tobjiocenuin pealyboxe, Mark xiv. 3. Buxus, box tjieop. Buxum, j-opcajiuen box, ^G. 5, Tilt. It is therefore direct from the late Latin, and seems to follow its gender. Bo'Sen, gen. -ej- ; probably wild thyme, thy- mus serpyllum. Bot)enej*, Lb. III. iv. In Hb. Ixxxi. boSen is rosemary, which is a native of the south of Europe. In Hb. cxlix. it is employed to translate thyme, and this is native to England. " Lolium, bo^en," Gl. Somn., p. 77 a, but darnel is not to the unskilled eye at all like thyme and rosemary ; it seems however to be considered only as a mean herb by the glossator. The drawing in MS. V., fol. 39 d, has not simple leaves as for either rose- mary or thyme it should have (H.), but it may be the artists view of either. " Rosmarinus, sundeav vel bothen vel " feld medere," Gl. Dun. "Rosmarinus, " sundeaw," Gl. Mone, p. 322 b. ; this is a failure to translate ros marinus as sea dew ; our sundew or drosera is wholly different. In MS. Bodley, 130, there is no drawing of rosmariuus, but a hand of the 14th century has glossed the article " feld modere;" this seems to come of very careless observation. "Rosmari- " num, feld maidere," Gl. Mone, p. 322 a. White bothen is great daisie, says Gerarde. Bpea'5, brittle. Hb. cxl. 1. evOpavaros. Bpecan, verb reflexive, bjiecan hme, make an effort to spew. Lb. II. Hi. 1. Bjiecan — ro7it. "Brakyn or castyn or spewe, vomo " evomo," Prompt. Parv. " Brakynge or " parbrakynge, vomitus, cvomitus," id. Bjiebe? a particolour ed cloth; nub bpebe. Lb. IIL ii. 1. Cf. Bjiaebelf, stragulum, Gl. in Lye. Cf. Bp/jb, C.E. 218, line 9. Brcgben, C.E. 219, line 13. Bjiegban, prcet. bpseb, p. part, bjiogben, to do anything with a sudden jerk or start. Lb. IL li. 3. etc. Bjiyj-ejjyjic, fern., gen. -e, pimpernel, ana- gallis. " Anagallis, brisewort," Gl. Raw- linson, c. 506. Gl. Harl. 3388. Leech- doms, vol. I. p. 374. 2. Bellis peren7iis,MSi.Ija\id. 553, fol. 9. Plainly for Hembriswyrt. See Ban- pypc, 2. Bjnjian, to brcic, pra;t. bpeop, p. part, bpopen. Lb. I. xlvii. 3, make a brewit, a lomentum, dress. Lb. I. xxxvi. Bpip his mere ]n> ele. Lb. ILli. 1,3. O.T. 254, 9. Horn. L 352. B]iyJ)en, neut., what has been brewed. Lb. I. Ixvii. 2. C.E. p. 1G1,4 = MS. fol. 47 a, 8, where the use of barm is mentioned. He jeann ... an bjiy^en mealces ; one brewing of malt; malt for one brewing. Wulfgeats Will, unpublished. Bjiocmince, -an, fem., mentha hirsuta, Bot. Hb. cvi. '' Sisymbrium, an herbe, " wherof bee two kyndes, the one is " called Sisymbrium alone, whiche is also " called Thymbrea, in englishe water " mynte." Elyots Diet, by T. Cooper. See the synonyms from mediaeval sources in the Flora Britannica, with the words " In aquosis vulgaris." Bjiom, gen. -ef, masc. ? broom, cytisus scoparius, (Hooker). Lb. I. ii. 14. BpoJ^ejipyjir, fem., gen. -e, penny royal, rneutha pulegium, Gl. Brux. Bjiune^an, a dative : Lb. I. iv. 6, a dis- ease, brunella ; as I conclude from the following ; " oris vitium cum linguaj " tumore, exasperatione, siccitate et " nigredine ; unde et nomen teutonice " habet, vulgo brunella." Kilian in 374 GLOSSARY. IJjiuneK'vn — cont. brujne. Album Grtecum, prescribed in Lb. for this disease, is said by Salmon (Engl. Ph)'s. p. 753) to cure "Diseases " of the Throat and Quinsies : for a sore " throat called Pruna, you may use it." Bpunjiypr, fem., gen. in -e, broivn wort, scrqfalaria aquatica, water betony. (Skinner, Lyte, Nemnich, Culpeper.) So braun^vurtz in Dodoens. I suppose " the " broad leaved brownwort which waxeth " in woods," Lb. I. xxxviii. 4, to be scrofula ria nodosa. 2. Hb. art. Ivii. makes bjiunpyjic the fern called splenium or asplenium, and Gl. Dun. copies that. Ceterach officina- rum is meant. It has a brown under surface, but the drawing in MS. V. is not a fern at all. Spimon vel reverion, Gl. Erux., where spimon is a misreading of splenion. 3. Also the vaccinium or bilberry shrub, Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 12, where bpanjiypc is printed. Gl. Dun. 4. Prunella vulgaris, where prun is brown. So the MECstricht Gl. in Mone, p. 285 a. Nemnich. See also Bruyne in Kilian. Bulentr]-e, a wort. Lb. I. xlvii. 2. There must have been more than one of the - name, as the passage mentions the small sort. Bulot, Lb. I. Iviii. 2 ; Bulut, Lb. IIL xlviii. ; the root of lychnis flos cuculi? ^ee Pliniusxxi. 97=26. Ballota, BaA- AcuTrj, nigra ? Boletus ? c. Csepen, neut. ? a Latin word, carenum, wine boiled down one third and sweetened. " Cypen, i.e. ajnlleb pm . dulcisapa," Gl. in Lye. Mib )>am cejienum J^ajpe gob- j-pellican )-j't'tnyj-)-e, St.Gn'Slac, cap. xvii. = p. 72, 1. 7. Gen. -ey. Lb. L i. 17. Caepfe, gen. -an, fem. ? cress, water cress, nasturtium officinale. The drawings in V. A. have opposite leaves and a stout tripartite terminal fruit or inflorescence, so that they are " most like caper spurge, " euphorbia lathyris," (H.) But the op- posite leaves with a racemose arrange- ment of the flowers, which latter may be seen in MS. T., is sufficient for us, with the synonym in Hb. xxi. " Nasturtium." In MS. G. is a gloss, " Cart chresse," where the former word may stand for KdpSafxoy, cress. Thu drawing in MS. G. is a good deal like the herb, and that in MS. T. is meant for it. " Cardamon, " cearse," Gi. Dun. Tun caepj-e, garden cress, lepidium sativum; Dutch, Tuinkers. Camecon, cammock ? which see. Lb. I. xlvii. 3. Cf. Hleomoc, Hleomocan. Cammoc, Commuc, gen. -ej-. 1. Sulfur wort, harestrang, peucedanum officinale, Hb. art. xcvi., and so drawn MS. V. fol. 45 a. Peucedanum, gl. dogge fenell, MS. Bodley, 130, adding " or balde- y " monie," which is gentian. "Peuce- " danum, cammok," Gl. M. ; Gl. Dun., dog fenell (Grete Herbal). The fine linear leaves are meant in a bad drawing in MS. Harl. 5294, where is gl. hand fenell. Peucedanum is harstrang in Hollands Plinius (index, vol. ii.), and in Dutch and German, and in Cotgrave. Harestrong is peucedanum officinale in Mylnes Indigenous Botany, 1793. Peu- kedanum was also rightly read as hogs fennel, in a Welsh Gl. of the 13th cen- tury (Meddygon Myddfai, p. 291). The name fennel is derived fi'om its linear leaves. The genitive. Lb. III. xxx. 2. Anonis, rest harrow, Gl. Harl. 3388. Gl. Arundel, 42. Gerarde. Gl. Sloane, 405. Gl. Dorsetshire, Culpeper. ^ee Cammoc whin, which is the correct word. 3. Hypericum, also pulica7-ia dysenterica, also senecio [acobaa ; Gl. New Porest. Cammoc whin, rest harrow, anonis, MS. Laud. 553, fol. 18. The leaves are ter- nate like those of the true cammock. GLOSSARY. bjo Cayyac, gen. in -ey, masc, hassock, aira caspitosa. Lb. III. Ixii., Ixiii., Ixiv. Hassuc, masc, CD. 655. Cf. Nemnich. A confirmation in Lacn. 79. Caulic, gen. -ny, a medicine of which two or three drops are prescribed, Lb. II. Hi. 3, perhaps kco\ik6v, koKikov. Cajiel, masc, coleivort, brassica oleracca, Lb. III. xii., xliv. Ceac, gen. -es, masc, a jug, urna: pi. cea- cai-. Bed. p. 520, L 6, with Smiths note, p. 97. Lb. L ii. 11. liom. L 428. 2. Laver of the temple of Solomon ; Inter, XovTi]p, P. A. 21b. Cealpe, ceolpe, ceolbpe, ace. -e, nom. pi. —as, masc, pressed curds, curds crumbled and pressed into a cake. " Calmaria, " cealjie ; Caluiale, cealepbjiip," Gl. Cleop. " Muluctra, ceolbpe," Gl. C. The dat. occurs, Lb. I. xxxix., ace I. xliv. 1. Lacn. 57, pi. Ai5o|. 51. Compare Germ. Gallerte, fem.,jelli/. Ceaj-tep sej-c. See JEyc. CeajTep pypc, fem., gen. -e, black helle- bore, helleborus niger. Lb. I. xxxix. 2. Cebelc, Mercurialis perennis. Hb. Ixxxiv. from the text and drawings. " Mercuri- " alis, cedelc vel merce," Gl. Dun., where the insertion of marche or celery arose from its similarity to the first syllable in mercurialis. "Mercurialis, cebelc. " cyphc," Gl. Mone, p. 320 b ; but the tradition of our people forbids us to be- lieve that mercury is charlock. Celenbpe, fem., gen. -an, coi'iander,corian- drum salivum. Lb. I. iii. 9. Also celen- beji. Lb. I. iv. 2, probably after the Latin and neuter ; dat. -bpe, Lb. I. xxxv. Celet>enie, celejjonie, cylel^enie, fem., gen. -an, celandine, chelidonium mains, by English tradition. But Glaucium luteum is the x*^'^'^''""' A^e7« of Dioskorides, according to Sprengel. The drawing in MS. V. fol. 38 a, is meant perhaps for chelidonium maius (II.) Hb. Ixxv. Lb. I. ii. 2, and often. CejiyiUe, cypplle, fem., gen. -an ; garden chervil, antltriscus cereJvUum,Bot. Cejijille — cunt. I'ubucejijille, wild chervil, anthriscus silvestris, Lb. II. Ii. 4. Lacn. 62. 8eo peabe pubu pile, Lacn. G8. J^ubu ceppUe, Hb. Ixxxvi., is in both places sparagia agrestis, wild asparagus, or as- paragus acutifolius, Linn. Asparagus agrestis, becomes eoji^najrola, Hb. cxxvi. 2, by neglecting agrestis. Sparagia gres- tis, vude cearfille. Sparago, nefle, Gl. Dun. Cicel, masc, a cake. Germ. Kuchen, masc, a cake. Quadr. ix. 17. Lb. I. xlvi. 2. " Buccella," Gl. in Lye ; masc. Lacn. 44. A(5a|. 63, 21. A word still in use ; Moores Suffolk words, Bakers Northants Gl. Kersey. " A flat triangular cake." Moore. Cicena mete, masc. gen. -ey, chickenmeat, chickweed, stellaria media, formerly called alsine media, Linn. Hippia minor, etc. " Ispia minor, [read Hippia'], chyken- " mete," Gl. Kawl. c 607. " Ipia minor, " chykynmete album florem [habet]." Gl. Harl. 3388. Similarly, Gl. M., Gl. SI., 1571. " Modera," Gl. Dun. Muronis, Gl. Brux. Cymeb for Cymen ? n and r> being kindred dentals. Lb. I. xxxix. 2. Lye con- jectured for chamadrys, germander. Cymen, neut. (as Lb. II, xliv.), cummin, KvfjLivov, cuminum cyndnum, a foreign plant. Kmcean, Lb. I. xvi. 1. I find " Kinnock, " the artichoke, cynara scolymos," (Nemnich). " Cariscus, kinhbeam," Gl. Sloane, 146. "Cariscus, cjucbeam," Gl. Somner, p. 64 b, 54, all agree that the quickbeam is the (sorbus or) pirus au- cuparia. The reader wiU suspect I should have read kuihbeam, but the MS. marks the i. " Virecta, cincae," GL M.M. In these times virecta are green shoots, as in Vita Godrici, p. 43, line 1, applying well to the paits of the arti- choke that are eaten. Kinphen, grem- sich, Gl. Mone, p. 289 a, and Grensing, 376 GLOSSARY. Kmcean — cont. nymphcEct, Graff. Gl. ^lone, p. 290 b, 6, corrected. The spelling qmce in Lacn. 4, makes us suspect quince. Cypnel, masc, gen. -ef, heniel of a nut. " Nucli, cypnlar," Gl. Cleop. fol. CG a, read nuclei. Cypnel, neut., pi. cyjinelu, kernel, liai'd glandular swelling, churnel, grumus. Hb. iv. 2, 3 ; xiv. 2 ; Ixxv. 5. Cyplybb, neuter ? rennet, Quad. iv. 1 4. See Lib. Rennet is the substance which turns milk to cui'd, for which purpose is often used a calfs stomach ; hapan cyj-lyb implies that the stomach of a hare or leveret would have the same effect. Otherwise cyj^epunn, Collo- quium, p. 28 ; not caseus, nor yet a cheese, but rennet. Unlibban is other- wise declined, Horn. IL 504 ; lyb is in Gl. C.C.C. Cf. Lacn. 18. Claenie, gen. -an, fern. ? clover, trifolium pratense. Lb. I. xxi. Amid a wilderness of confusion, the ternate leaves of the figure in MS. Bodley, 130, at Hb. Ixx. ; the close relationship between hares foot and clover in the old herbals, as Lytcs, the similarity of the drawings in MS. V. at art. Ixx. and art. Ixii. ; a comparison of the drawings of clover, art. Ixx., and hart clover, art. xxv., have convinced me that I have rightly determined the worts meant byl>apan hije and Claeyjie. Kipcnov to which claejpe is equivalent, Hb. Ixx., was in Dioskorides a pappose plant, carduus parvijlorus (Sprengel). Lindley makes cirsium a cynaraceous genus. The trifolium pratense or purple clover is in Gennan Kleber, Klever, Kleve, and -klee, Rothe-, Gemeiner- and Brauner- Wiesen-klee ; in Dutch Roode klaver, etc. ; in Dansk Rod-klever, etc. ; in Swedish Klof^er, etc. The drawing in MS. V. Hb. Ixx. by itself "' won t do for " Trifolium ; corresponds as far as it " goes with Thymus serpyllum," (H.) J. Grimm makes claenie clover. Clare, fem,, gen. -an ; 1. The greater, the burdock, arctium lappa. " Blitum vel " lappa, clace," Gl. Somn. p. 6G [63] b, 30. " Bardane la grande, the burrdock, " slote \_rcad clote] burr, great burr," Cotgrave. " Bardona .i . cletes . vel burres " secundum aliquos," Gl. Rawl. c. 607. " Elixis . i . lappa bardana . i . clote," GL Harl. 3388. " Lappa maior . i . bardana, clote," Gl. Harl. 3388. 2. The lesser ; clivers, goosegrass, catchweed, little bur, galium aparine. "Amorfolia, clace," Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 44, that is, love leaves, from cleaving to passengers ; so Gl. Dun. Hb. clxxiv. MS. O. The drawing, MS. V. fol. 64, is " a very neat representation of aspe- " rula odorata," (H.), but the aspernla is not a burr plant, and the nearly akin G. Aparine must have been in the draughtsmans intention. It is called ^lA.- dvdpwnos, as sticking to men and women. " Philantropium, lappa, clace," GL R. 41. Lappa, the catcher, from Aafii(xQat, lay hold of, is applied like clote to both these herbs, in other particulars unlike. Clote itself must have the same sense, and with exceptional vocalisation is a de- rivative of cleopan, and for f cleojte, as slice for f flihce, is from slean, f )-lej;an. Cliye, fem., gen. -an ; clivers. The greater is burdock, arctium lappa. The lesser is galium aparine. Lb. I. 1. '2. The same as chjiiyjic. " Apparine, cliuc." Gl. Dun. Clij-pyjir, fem., gen. in -e, burdock, arc- tium lappa. Assuming the syllable cli): to signify cleaving, the Xanthium struma- rium and the Asperugo procumbcns are too rare ; the Galiums or the Arctium lappa are common ; the equivalent yoxej* cliye (Lacn. 112), seems to suit better the burdock, which will grow in the wet shore of a river, and so be eapyjic. " Blitum vel lappa, clace vel cliypypc," Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 30. Lb. L xv, 3. 2. Galium aparine, written cli'Sjjypc, Lacn. 69, where occurs a gloss, Rubea minor. GLOSSARY. 377 Clujre ? fern., pi. in -e, a clove, the bulb or tuber of a plant. Lb. IIL xli., etc. Cluplir, cluyehc, cloved, having a clove, bulbed, tuberous. Lb. IIL xli., etc. CluyJ^ung, cluil'uuse, fern., gen. in -e, also —an, doffing, ranunculus sceleratus, Hb. ix. In MS. G. the true herb is drawn ; in MS. A. the flowers are at least yellow, with five petals ; but in MS. V. fol. 21 a, all likeness is lost, punj is poison, cluy- is clove, the tuberous ■ root ; as of some of this tribe. Clup J'ungan, Hb. ex. 3, where the Latin again makes the wort a ranunculus. " Mortali yeneno, mid cEttrigere cluf- " >unse," Gl. Mone, p. 349 b, an erro- . neous version ; but an example of the feminine. " Scelerata herba vel apium " risus, anglice cloftong," Gl. Sloane, 405. " Scelerata, gl. cloftunge," MS. Bodley, 130. "As yellow as a claut," that is, marsh ranunculus (Wilts.). " Batra- " chium," Gl. Erux. " Cicuta, cloftunke," Gl. Ilarl. 3388, an error, cicuta is hemlock ; the poi- sonous quality misled the writer. " Cloffing, the plant hellebore." Halli- well and the English Macer, MS. in Prompt. Parv., vol. i. p. 198 ; a similar error occurs, Lb. I. i. 7. Clu}"]'y]ir, clovewort, fem., gen. -e, ranun- culus acris. In MS. G. the figure is that of ranunculus as in " scelerata," but here the root is tuberous, so MS. T., but less well ; MS. A. preserves a resemblance, which is almost lost in MS. V. Hb. x. " Batrocum," Gl. Dun., that is ^arpa-xi-ov. Cneopholen, masc, knee holly, knee holm, -holn, -hulver, butchers broom, Ruscus aculeatus, Hb. lix. The gender is de- termined by C.E. p. 437, 19, where the translation " alder," is an im fortunate blot. Two kinds are mentioned, Lb. I. xlvii., but one only is native to England. . The second may be presumed to be R. Alexandrina of the middle ages, which included li. hi/poglossum, E. Injpofyllum, H. racemosus, of the Eot. Cop;, gen. -es, costmary, alecost, tanacetuni balsamita. Lb. II. Iv. 1, etc. Crawleac. See Leac. Cpimman, prait. cpam, p. part, cpumen, to reduce to crumbs, to crumble. Cjiim. Lb. L Ixi. 1. Cropleac. See Leac Cjiuc, masc, a cross. Lb. II. Ivi. 4. Cu, gen. cue, fem., cow, vacca. The de- clension is often contracted ; gen. Lb. I. xxxviii. 11, by conti-. cu ; Saec an beoyol on l^repe cu hpycje, M.H. 194 a, There sat a devil on the cows back. Dat. cy. Fepbe oj: ^BSjie cy, ibid., the devil went off from the cow ; gen. pi. cuna ; ]:eo}ie]i-is cuna. Gen. xxxii. 15 ; dat. pi. cum ; unbep yolcimi, Par. Ps. Ixvii. 27, for yolc cum, as Grein suggests ; ace. pi. cy ; ic hsebbe . . . gecelye cy, Gen, xxxiii. 13, where ge is con ; SSpp. 261, cows with their calves. Culmillan, for cujimellan ? Lb. I. xvi. 1, Cumb, masc, gen. -ej-, a vessel, '•' dolium," MS.St.Joh.Oxon. 154 ; SSpp. art. 1026. Lacn. 37. Cf.plbcumb. Lb.III.liii. Cumulu, pL, glandular swellings, translates^ ffKippiifxaTa. Hb. clvii. Cunelle, fem., gen. -an, a Latin word, cunila, a thymiaceous plant, say Thymus vulgaris, a garden herb, but it is not rue, as the glossator of the Liudisfarne Gospels, Luke xi. 42, says, nor chervil, as another Gl. says. I^ubu cunelle, thymus serpyllum, wild thyme. Lb, III. xxii. Cupmelle ]-eo mape, Chlora perfoliata, Bot. ; Cujimelle j-eo IcSfj-e, Erytltraa cen- taureum, Bot. Hb. xxxv. xxxvi. All the MSS., v.. A., G., T. figure in both these articles, the same wort, and in all they are the Erythraea centaureum. The mediffival glossaries make no difficulty of the lesser, but they had lost the clue to the greater. The tradition is from Plinius, XXV. 30, 31. Though some of the continental botanists make no hesi- tation in identifying the greater centau- rion of Plinius, with centaiirea, yet his «>/ o GLOSSARY. Cujimelle — con t. expression, " caules geniculati," seems iiTeconcileable with the genus. The in- terpreter of our MS., however, and the draughtsman did not know what plant to name for the greater, nor did Fuchsius, the botanic reformer. Of the less, Plini- us says, " Hoc (minus) centaurion nostri *' fel terrse vocant propter amaritudinem ^' summam." " The whole plant is ex- " tremely bitter, and when dried is used " in country places as a substitute for " gentian root," (Lindley). Lyte (p. 375) describes Ery th. c, and mentions (p. 436) its bitterness, calling it " the small cen- " torie." " Centaurea minor, horse galle," Gl. Sloane, 5, where " horse " means luild. " C. maior, cristes ladder," Gl. •Sloane, 5, but minor, Gl. Sloane, 13.5; Christs ladder cannot be polemonium cseruleum, which is nowise to the pur- pose. " C. J^e more is not well knowen," Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 18 b. " Centaurea *' maior, anglice more centori or yrthe *' galle, it hathe leuys like lasse centori " whytt, with on \_one\ stalk and yolow *' flowrys and he flowryth nott in )pe " topp," Gl. Sloane, 135; and so Harl. 3840, this is chlora perfoliata. Centaurea maior coniungit folia iuxta stipitem, florem habet croceum, MS. T., fol. 63 a. " Centaurea minor, anglice lasse centori, " with lasse leuys and grener J^en J>e more *' centori, and hath mony branches com- " yng out of on, with flowre some dele " redde," Gl. Sloane, 135, plainly eryth- rcea c. The [H]ortus Sanitatis figures for centaurea, the erythraum c. Sibthorp in the Flora Graca sustains the assertion. Centaurea, erthegalle, is drawn in Grete Herbal as C cyanus. Dorsten says the greater centaury is unknown, yet draws it as C. cyanus. Cuj-lyppan, obi. case, cowslip, primula veris ; fem. ? is a compound of cu, perhaps in the genitive, and slyppan. See Oxanj-lyp- pan. Lb. IH. xxx. Slyppan is probably the sloppy dropping of a cow. Cpseb, neut., du)ig. Lb. T. 1. 2 ; II. xlviii. jjynne is also neuter. Cpelbehc, full of evil matter, of pestilence. Lb. I. liv. The termination as in cseji- phc, cressy ; cluphc, cloved ; cneoehc, kneed; hEejiihc, hairy; hBclJiht, heathy; hpeodiht, reedy ; helmihc, leafy ; staen- ihc, stony ; Ijopniht, thorny. For cpylb, see Lye. Cwicbeam, gen. -es, masc. 1. By tradition the roivan tree, Pirus aucuparia. 2. luniperus communis, many glos- saries. 3. Furze, or gorse, Vlex Europxtis, Lb. I. xxxi. 3. Prompt. Parvul. See Hb. cxlil. 4. The aspen, Populus tremida, Pref. vol. I. p. Ixxxvi. Cpi^, gen. in -ey, masc, the matrix, uterus, vulva. Lb. III. xxxvii. xxxviii. Cpi'S, Lb. I. xlvii. 3, Matricaria ? Read cpice ? D. Dsel, gen. -es, neut. a dale, vallis, "barath- " rum. " C.E. p. 93, 1. 26, p. 94, 1. 18. Cffidm. if Caedm., p. 16, line 11, p. 22, 1. 10. Dael, gen. -es, mostly masc, sometimes neut., like Germ. Th.ei\, part, pars. The masc. occ. everywhere. Exx. of neut. AiSa|. 52, unless nominatival apposition is there used ; as is perhaps the case in Lb. II. xxx. Heo nsenig bsel leohcej* j-ciman jej-eon mihce. Bed. 578, 20. Sum bsel o'Spef peo]iCef co pypcanne, D.G. 23 b. Deaye, gen. -e, fem. .' deafness, surditas, Lb. L iii. 2, 5. Cf. Isl. Deyfa, fem. id. (B.H.) Dile, gen. -es, masc, dill, anethum graveo- lens. Lib. I. i. 8 ; II. xxxiii. Leechd. vol. I. p. 374, where haepene is for hsepenne by suppression of consonant; Pref. vol. I. p. c. ci. GLOSSARY. Dile — cont. Haej'en dile ; perhaps Achillea tomen- tosa ; for Cotgrave explains Anet as secondly, " little or yellow harrow," for which I read yaiTow, the finely divided leaves of which might obtain it this name. Dylsta ? mucus ; pi. dylscan. Lb. I. xxxi. 5. Cf. II. xxix. Dylstihc, mucous, slimij. Lb. I. xxix. 1. Dynige, it seems, an herb. Lb. III. viii. \/^ Eead pynige ? DyJ'homaji, papyrus. GI. Somn. p. 64 a, 39. Lb, L xli. Docce, gen. -an, fern., dock, rumex ; commonly H. obtusi/oHus, but often in medicine for Supbocce. Lb. I. xxxviii. 9, probably also R. pulcer, which is drawn in MS. T. ; fern, in Gl. Cleop. fol. 71 c. Fallow dock. Lb. I. xhx. ; perhaps Zi. maritimus, and H. palustris. Red dock. Lb. I. xlix. JR. sanguineus, and perhaps for Sujibocce. The dock that will swun frequently occurs. Lb. II. Ixv. 1 ; I. xxxvi ; also the Ompre that will swim, which is the same plant. Lb. III. xxvi. Gerarde calls " swimming hei'be," duckesmeat = D uckweed= Lemna, which is doubtful. Supbocce, sorrel, Rumex Acetosa is the gl. in MS. T. Hb. art. xxxiv., and a bad sorrel is drawn. The Saxons did not botanize on modern principles, and it easily follows that their genus Dock is not of the same reach as the modem Rumex. Thus Ci'ousope, which is Saponaria officinalis, is glossed fomedok, Gl. Harl. 3388. The word \ " foam " shows that the writer knew his plant, which he calls a dock. As in this instance, and in Cammock whin, and many others, similarity of leaves seems to have been the chief guide to Saxon nomenclature. I cannot therefore believe that eabocce (spelt bocca) is Nymphsea, GI. Somn. p. 64 a, 61. The word Nym- phffia, like many others, must have been misunderstood ; I therefore believe that. Docce — cont. Cabocce is the great water dock, rumex aquaticus of Smith, and R. hydrolapa- thum of Hudson. Dockenkraut in German is Arctium lappa, and dockcresses are Lapsana communis. Dolh, gen. -cs, mostly neuter, rarely masc, wound, scar, vulnus, cicatrix. Hb. x. 3. Lb. I. xxxi. 7, xxxviii. 9, 10; UI. xxxiii. xxxiv. C.E. p. 68, 24, p. 89, 10. SyS- '5an |-e dolh psej- geopenod. M.H. 93 b. Dolhjiune, gen. -an, fern.? pellitory, parie- tartu officinalis. Hb. Ixxxiii., as perdi- calis, which is the same herb ; Lb. often. Dopa, masc, gen. -an, the humble bee, bum- ble bee, dumble dore, bombus generically. The mediaeval glosses Burdo, Pucus, Attacus, mean this insect or some nearly allied. The commonest is Bombus ter- restris, which stores honey. "Bourdon, " a drone or dorr bee," Cotgrave. Lb. often. Djiacentj-e, gen. -an, fem. ? Dragons, arum dracunculus, Hb. xv. Dragons was a name applied by English herbalists, 1. to Polygo7ium bistorta, which is, I think, the herb figured in the Latin Apuleius, MS. Bodley, 130, as dracontea ; 2. to ojioglossum vulgatum, Hb. art. vi. ; and 3. to arum maculatum. All these three have a resemblance to a snakes erected head and neck. The figure in MS. V., art. XV. is intended for arum dracunculus, and, this being so, it is impossible not to concede the name. That plant is not of English birth, but neither is the name. Djiacontjan, gum dragon; Lb. II. Ixiv. contents. Dpige, bpyje, dry, siccus, aridus, Bed. 478, 14. Andreas, 1581. Lb. IL xlvi. (In C.E. 426, 22, yorum bpije is y. bpigum). Dpmce, gen. -an, fem., a drink, potus. Lb. I. li, 1. ; L xlii. Horn. IL 180. Dpopa, -an, masc, palsy of a limb. Lacn. 9. The Saxon interpreter was wide of hi$ original in Hb. lix. 1, where "Ad " hecmata intercidenda," in cxxiv. "tussi 8S0 GLOSSARY. Djiopa — cont. " medcndo " (so). Drop, droppe, para- lysis (Kilian); Troppf, gout (Wachter). The original sense remains in the "drop- " ped hands," " wrist drop " of painters, paralysis of the extensor muscles of the ■wrist. Root Drapan, to strike, p. part. Dropen, Bw. 5955, MS. 2. A drop, gjiita. Lb. L ii. 21. Hence " colera " meaning lymph, in Sc. 30 b. Dujr, neut, dust, pulvis, powder. Neuter everywhere ; Mark vi. 11, Luke x. 11, Psalm 1. 5, Matth. x, 14. Dpeopge bpo)-tle, bpeojiije bpojie, penny royal, vientha pulegium. Hb, xciv. clvi. 2, as pulegiiun. So Gl. Dun. So Ai5ct|. .30, 51. " Pulegium regale, puliole " reale," Gl. Harl. 3388. " Pulegio, " peniroyall," Florio ; so Cotgrave. " The smallest of its genus," Sir J. E. Smith, and therefore well called "dwarf." " Much used in medicine," (All). Penny royal is only puliole royale. Plea bane is not this plant, nor is the reading bpeopse)-. Mentha pulegium is called, Hb. xciv. a male and female plant, but this has no reference to the sexual system of Linno, ■which make it didynamous not dioecous. Some notion of strength influenced Theo- frastos and Dioskorides in giving these names. The drawing in MS. V. is like the herb intended. The flowers are some- times white. D])oj-le seems in the German glos- saries to be Origanum. E. CaSpypc, fem., gen. -c, eyehright, cvfrasia officinalis. Lb. IH, xxx. Germ., au- gentrost ; Dutch, oogentrost ; Dansk, "oientrost;" Swed., "ogontrost." Cala^, ealo^, ealo, ealu, eala, neut. un de- clined in sing., ale, cerevisia; gen. eala'S, CalaS — cont. DD. G3;0.T. 256, 5 ; Lb. T. xiv. and often ; dat. eala'S, DD. 357 d; Lb. often; gen. pi. eale'Sa, DD. 487, where it is used of fermented liquor generally. Gen. Al'Ses, D.R. 116, but the forms of D.R. are ab- normal, or late. Some interesting information on ale and beer is collected by that learned and accurate antiquary, Mr. Albert Way, in the Prompt. Parv. p. 245. The frequent mention of Wort (asLxxxvi), that is,the warm malt infusion in the mash tub, prepared for fermentation, shows plainly enough that the Saxons brewed for them- selves. The Alevat (I. Ixvii.) is the vessel in which the ale was left to ferment. Double brewed ale (I. xlvii. 3.) was brewed on ale, instead of on water, and gave them then a very Strong ale (III. xii. p. 314, twice). Even without hops such ale would keep till it became Old ale (n. Ixv. 1, p. 292, line 12). Keeping and careful treatment would secure its being Clear (L Ixiii,; H. Ixv. 2, etc.). Sweet ale is opposed to the clear (II. Ixv. 2), and so was thick. j7ilipc ealu, foreign ale, is often mentioned (I. Ixx., etc.). Ale is much more frequently named than beer ; strong beer is opposed to strong ale (IH. xii.). Hopping diinks is mentioned, Hb. Ixviii. ; further, see IJymele. eahpep, eileher, alliaria, sauce alone (Gerarde). Erysimum alliaria. Lb. IT. xxiv., etc. But Callitrichum, Gl. Dun. Galla, gall, fel. Of. Gealla. So Euang. Nicod., xxvi. €a)iban, pi. tares, ervum and orohus. Well made out by Somner. " Rolon," in Gl. Mone, is doubtless a corruption of orobus, opofios, which, though divided by Bot., is every way the same as ervum. Lb. I. xxvi. Cajijucga, -an, masc, earwig, forjicula au- ricularis. Lb. I. iii. j2, followed by he. Cpelapce, fem., gen. in -an, Gnaphalium. Somner found some authority for *' Mer- GLOSSARY. 381 Gyelaf-e — ccwt. *' curialis, the herb mercury, D.," nnd so Gl. Harl. 978, yet all the gnaphaliums have very lasting blooms, retaining their colour when dry ; the G. margaritaceum is specially our modern Everlasting, and found " near Bocking, on the banks of " the Rhymney, in Wire forest, and near " Lichfield." Skinner also, Gnaphalium Americanum, which is a misnomer by Ray. The genus is in Dausk, Evigheds- blomster. Cjopyeapn, neut., gen. -ey, polypody, poli/- poditim vuJgare. Hb. Ixxxvi., where it = Radiolus ; " Alii filicinam dicunt, " similis est filici, qum fere in lapidetis " nascitur vel in parietinis, habens in " foliis singulis binos ordines puncto- " rum aureormn," Lat. In MS. Bodley, 130, a fern, as polypodium is drawn and a Gloss, in a hand of the 12th century gives "wilde brake." "Felix (read " Filix) queirciua poUipodium . i . ewer- " wan," Gl. M. ">e iii.d is ouerfern, " and t-at groys on walles," MS. Bodley, 536. " Polypodyn . i . ouerferne 't it " grewitj on okys \>is is lest," id. " Poly- " podium murale, euerfern," MS. Raw- linson, c. 506. To the entry, " Polypo- " dium arborale, pollipodie ; PoUipodium " murale, euerferne," MS. Harl. 3388, has been added a cross, so as to invert the in- terpretations. " Polypodium rubeas ma- " culas habet et uocatur filix quercina . " i . euerferne," id. " ffilex quercina pol- *' lopodium, euerferne idem (sunt)," id. " Filix a[r]boratica, ejojijreapn," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 14. Culpeper, under polypody of the oak, describes at length and cleverly, pol. vulg. (H.), and his mention is one link in a long medicinal tradition. "And why, I pray, must " polypodium of the oak only be used, " gentle college of physicians ? Can " you give me but a glimpse of reason *' for it ? It is only because it is " dearest." Culpeper. Polypodium vul- gare is "very frequent on the tops of ej-op]-ea]in— cont. " walls, old thatched roofs, shady banks " and the mossy trunks of rotten trees." (Sir J. E. Smith.) Its fructification forms a double row of golden spots on each frondlet. See also his allusion to tradition in English Botany, 1 149. The older names were, "polypodium quer- " cinum ; filix arborum ; filicula ; herba " radioli." (Nemnich.) Italian, felce- quercina. The figure in MS. V. " would " do very well for plantago lanceolata, " (H.), it is not a fern at all." The gender neuter, Boet. p. 48, 1. 31 ; Lb. L Ivi. ehheolo>e, heahheolo)'e, gen. -an, fem. ? elecampane, inula heleninm; from eh, horse, equus, = heah, horse, "ttttos. "Ele- " campana ys an erbe \>at som men " callej> horshele, he beryth grene levis " and longe stalkys and berith yelowe " fioures." Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 22 c ; so Gl. Bodley, 178. Lb. I. xxxii. 2 ; L i. 5, etc. eicpa, latter, comp. adj. Lb. II. i. 1, re- lated to elcian, be late ; Clcung, late- 7iess ; elcop, later, adverb. elehrpe, gen. -an, lupin, the cultivated sort of course, lupinut) albus; so trans- lated, Hb. cii. 3. Given for dian-hoea, Lb. III. xxii. " Electrum multos habet " stipites folia virid[i]a et fiores cro- " ceos," Gl. Harl. 3388. " Syluestres '• lupini Candida habent folia. Sativi " foliis non adeo albicant," Dorsten. " Lypinus . i . lyponys, ]>m erbe has " leuys lyke to t^e v. levyd grass, bote " }>e erbe fore the more party has v. " leues and a whyt floure, etc.," MS. Bodley, 536. " Clehtpe, maura," MS. in Somner. "Walupia, electre," GL Dun. elhygb, strange thought, distraction. Lb. n. xlvi. ?>ysb is found fem. neut. elm, masc, gen -ef, elm, ulmus campestris; perhaps also u. sativa. Gen. elmef, Lbv I. vi. 8, therefore like old Dansk, Almr, elm, masc. 382 GLOSSARY. Coyophpocu, also -e, fem., gen. in -an ; carlina acaulis, Eberwurtz, carlina acau- lis (Adelung). "The Carline thistle, " formerly used in medicine, is not this " (carlina vulgaris), but carlina acaulis " of Linnseus. It was reported to have " been pointed out by an angel to Charle- " magne, to cure his army of the plague. " His name is the origin of the generic " one." (SirJ.E.Smith,English Botany, plate 1144). Everwortel, chameleon, Kilian ; that is xa,"«'^f '>"' (A.«vk:us), -which ■was identified, rightly or not, by Spren- gel, as carlina acaulis. " Eberwurz, " cardo [read carduus'] rotunda. Euer- " -wurz, cardo pana, al. chamEeleon," Gl. Hoffm. " Scissa," a gl. in Lye, perhaps a genuine name. " Scasa, ebop)=poC8e," Gl. M.M. p. 162 b. " Colucus," Gl. Erux. " Colicus," Gl. Cleop. " Colitus vel Colo- " cus," Gl. Dun. ; -which I take to be mis- readings of Co, for Cardo, and that for Carduus, \evK6s. "Scasa vel scafa vel " sisca," further, Gl. Dun. ; these are attempts to read a crabbed MS. Also " Anta," also " Borotium," Gl. Dun., the last being the English -word eoj:op, boar, -with a Latin termination. Lb. Li. 6; xxxviii. 10. The x"M"'^^'^''> "which, by its name must have hugged the ground, is wrongly interpreted in Hb. xxvi., cliii., as a teazle, •which has a strong long stem. Colone, elene, gen. -an ; fem., elecampane, inula helenium. Lb. I. xxxiv. 2, and everywhere. Colone Isefpe, flea hane, pulicaria dysen- e more centore or " erthe galle, his flowrs ben ^olow in be " tope, etc." MS. Bodley, 536. Dorsten agrees with us. He figures Eryth. cent., and says the greater centaury has leaves like the walnut, green as the cabbage, and serrated. " Eel terrse . centaurea . " idem, muliebria educit .. habet in sum- " mitate plures flores rubros," MS. Rawlinson, c. 607, which describes Erythrssa. " Centauria, cop's gealle [a], Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 5. Lb. II. viii., etc. Cop'Snafola, masc, gen. -an, earth navel, asparagus officinalis. Hb. xcvii. 1, "asparagi." So cxxvi. 2, masc. Oros. iv. l=p. 380, 30. Cop^pima, gen. -an ? masc. Lb. III. xli. conjecturallypoteniiV/areptows, since pima stands for peoma masc, as in co'Spima, gl. for ro^peoma, cf Germ. Riem, masc, a thong, a strap. The signification is therefore '^ Earth cord;" this is not ap- plicable to the dodder, which does not touch the earth, and has its own Saxon name bobbep, Mone, 287 a ; the straw- berry, which is almost a potentilla, has also its old English name ; the com- mon jjofen^i'Z/a re/j tons is therefore most likely. Gop'S yps,neut.,gen. -ej*, ground ivy, glecho- ma hederacea, the equivalent is Hedera nigra, Hb. c, according to our botanists, our common climbing Ivy is Hedera helix, which name, however, in Plinius, lib. xvi. 62, is given to a sort which has no berries, " fructum non gignit." The plant coil's yps would not be ground ivy, for its cpoppaf or corjniibi are mentioned, Hb. c. 3, but there is no getting over the common voice of England, which calls by the name ground ivy, what is not ivy at all. Hedera is of constant occurrence as ipj;, and to be correct, the interpreter should GLOSSARY. ;83 Cop's yps — cont. have added nothing. Glechoma is Ger- man Erd epheu ; French, le lierre ter- restre ; Italian, ellera ten'estre ; Spanish, hiedra terrestre ; Portuguese, hera ter- restre. The errors lie perhaps in our misunderstanding of the words Kiffads, Hedera, -when used for that which is not ivy. Cop, Ip, masc, gen. -ef, the yew, taxus baccata. Masc, C.E. p. 437, line 18. " Ornus eoji," Gl. Somner, p. 65 a, 40, only proves that the glossator did not understand the word ornus as we do ; whether current notions are correct appears questionable ; but at any rate the old folk of England know the yew out of which they made their victory giving bows. Cf. ohg. Iwa ; mod. g. Eibe, fern., the yew ; Fr. If, masc. ; Ip is masc, CD. 652. Coji bejige, yew berry. Lb. III. Ixiii. Copohumele. Lb. III. Ix., the female hop plant. See )>ymele. F. Esep, Eep, gen. -es, masc, fever, febris, Lb. I. contents, Ixii., a contraction of pepo]i. Fsetelpian, — obe, -ob, put into a vessel, bottle off. Quad. i. 3. Eeapn, neut., fern, Boet. p. 48, line 31. paefc micle peapn, the mickle fern, bracken, aspidiumftlix. Lb. I. Ivi. Eeaj>, Lb. I. xxxv., as opposed to micel, is paucus,pauculus, paidlus, little,Vike Goth. Eaws, 1 Timoth. iv. 8. Hence, perhaps, its construction with a genitive, Feapa pxa, Matth. xv. 34, a few of fishes, like a Few of us. Feban, Lb. I. Ixiii., see Pref. vol. 1. p. xl. Matter for conjecture. 8e beopa pea^ , bpeopse pebe'S, C.E. 94, 25, the deep pit feedeth or keepeth them dreary. Fepe]ipuse, gen. -ean ; fem. ? erythrcra centaureum. Hb. xxxvi. Gl. Harl. 585. Any wholesome bitter might be called feverfue, serving the purpose now sers-ed by quinine. Felbmopu, " fieldmore," carrot or parsnep, daucus cariota, or pastinaca sativa. Though pastinaca, lib. Ixxxii., is now decided to be a parsnep, yet the weight of nearly cotemporary authority stands for carot. In MS. Bodley, 130, the glosses are "a carott," "flFeldmore." " Daucus, wildmoren," Hortus Sanitatis, and figures a carot. The Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 32, distinguishes "pastinaca, " pelbmopa," (read -pu, as Gl. Dun.), " Daucus, pealmopa [-pu] cariota palb- " mopa ; " but the distinction between a field root and a weald root is over fine. " Pastinaca, imallimojiae," Gl. M.M. The words should include both. " Pastinaca domestica . i . parsnep." Gl. Bodl. 536. The p. silvatica has been improved by cultivation into p. sativa. Felbpypc, gen. -e, fem., gentian, gentiana, Hb. xvii., where the marginal note, erythraea pulcella, describes the drawing in MS. V. The reading pelpyjic of Skinner and others, from Fel, gall, gives us a hibrid word. Probably, as in Esthonian, the earliest name was pelb- hymele, field hop, the plant being em- ployed as a substitute for hops in embit- tering ale. Then as the appearance and leaves negatived this name, it was ex- changed for pelbpypc. Fellepaepc, pyllepsepc, masc, epileptic con- vulsions. Lb. II. i. 1. The word must be interpreted in harmony with jylle- seoc, pylleseocnyp. I had written so much before I detected the equivalent dpxojJ-^vas iiTi\n)y\/ias in Alex. Trallianus. Felrjjypc, fem., gen. in -e, feltwort, verbas- cum thapsus. Hb. Ixxiii. The reading pelbpypc is a mistake, the felty leaves give it the name, whence it is also called in German Wollkraut ; mullein also is supposed to be woollen. Felc 384 GLOSSARY. Felrpypr — cont. ■was Latinised (Gl. Somn. p. 59 a, 58) as feltrum, filtrum (John de Garlond, p. 124); Dansk, filt, felt; Swedish, filt, mase. feU; Germ., filz, masc. felt. The drawing in MS. V. fol. 37 d, represents the plant. " Filtrum terre, anglice lelt- " wort vel molayn idem." Gl. Rawl. c. 607. " Thapsus barbastus [read bar- " hatus], G. moleyn, A. felwort." Gl. Sloane, 5 ; so Gl. Sloane, 405. In Gl. Somn. 63 b, 38, read Anadonia, yelr- pypt. Teltwort yel hegetaper, Gl. Arund. 42. Fepbjiypt, fem., gen. in -e. Lb. I. Ixxxvii. Fep>e, masc, sound part? Lb. L i. 15. " Probus ferth," Gl. M.M. p. 160 b, 20. Leasyep'Snes, false probity, P.A. 59 b. Sec yepe, Chron. 1016, and Layamon, 1052, 1075, 1055. But there is also a syllable yep'Sin " j-eoluj-eja-S, tor ax." Gl. C, that is, Oupa^, from perhaps Lorica, p. Ixxii. Cf Gl. Cleop. fol. 85 b, and yelufejiiS, ceniumpellio, Gl. Cleop. fol. 26 b, which appears to be an altered form of centipedem. In these two words it is possible that yeji-Se may signify ring, which would suit Lb. well. So, Fleoreubpa yep'S, C.E. 289, line 26, a ring of floating ones. ? = ferci firci,^/,^^.^ Fic, Geps, masc, a disease known as ficus, IvKri, '2,vKov, 'S.vKoiixa, 'S.vkuktis. In the Lb. I. ii. 22, the disease " fig " is said to be x^h'-^'^'-^^ ^ moisture in the skin en- closing the eyes (Florio), but without exactly negativing that statement we must bend to an overwhelming weight of testimony, and accept it as an excre- scence like a fig with an ulcer, so called from a fig bursting with fatness, " ficus " hians prte pinguedine." It affects all parts of the body which have hair, espe- cially the eyebrows, beard, head, and anus ; and it was sometimes called marisca. Dioskor. i. 100 ; Pollux from Apsyrtus, iv. 203 ; Celsus, vi. 3 ; Paulus ^gineta, iii. 3 ; Psellus in Ideleri Phys., Fic — cont. vol. i. p. 223, 704 ; Pollux, iv. 200 ; Aetius; Martialls; Hippokrates, p. 1085 H. ; Oribasius ap. Phot, p. 176, 3 ; Schol. Aristoph. Pan., 1247. These references I have taken from the Paris ed. of Etienne. The name was in con- stant technical use among mediaeval medical writers. '• Contra ficum arden- " tem," "Contra ficum sanguinolen- " tum," " Contra ficum corrodentem," " Contra ficum nomere facientem." MS. Sloane, 146, fol. 28. Haemorrhoids are ficblattern in the [H]ortus Sanitatis. In Florios time (1611) fico in Italian had been reduced to " a disease in a horses "foot." Cotgrave (1673) has "fie, a " certain scab, or hard, round, and red " sore, in the fundament." " Fijck, " tuberculum acutum cum dolore et " inflammatione," (Kilian). It was a running sore, Lb. I. xxxix. ; it was equivalent to J^eopabl, Lb. I. ii. 22. Written Uic, and masc, Lacn. 6 ; 44, following the Latin usage. " Dicemus ficus quas scimus in arbore " nasci, " Dicemus ficos, Cseciliane, tuos." Martialis, I. 66. Hie fygus, the fyge. Wrights Gl. p. 224. Filb, Lb. I. Ixvii., with Filbcimib, Lb. III. liii., may be taken to mean the milk drawn at one milking from how many cows soever; commonly called the mornings milk, the evenings milk. In a dairy every several milking is kept separate. ^ FiUe, an apocopate form of cepplle, chervil, anthriscus cerefolium, as clearly appears from a comparison of the poetical names, Lacn. 46, with the same in prose. " Cer- " folium . i . cerfoil . i . villen," Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240). FleaJ'e, )leo)?e, fem., gen. -an, tvater lily, Nymphcea alba, N. lutea. Lb. II. Ii. i. 3. " Nimfea, 1 , fleaperr," MS. Ashmole, 1431, fol. 19. *' Nympha, fleathorvyrt," Gl. Dun. But " flatter dock, pondweed, " potamogeiton," Gl. Chesh. GLOSSARY. .385 Fleosan,j^ow, not " fly." Lb. III. xxii. Fleocpypc, fern., gen. -e, " floatwort," Lb. IL lii. 1. " Algea, flotvyrt," GL Dun, " Alga," Gl. M. I fear the description , is too vague, Potamogeitun Jluitans '/ Sparganiiwi nutans? Lemna? Flecan, yliecan. 1. Found only in T^\.,fleet- ings, Jiasty curds, skimmed, but yet not cream, Lb. IIL x. ; I. ii. 23. " After the " curd for making new milk cheese is " separated from the whey, it is set over " tiie fire, aud when it almost boils, a " quantity of sour butter milk is poured " into the pan, and the mixture is gently " stirred. In a few minutes the curd " rises to the surface, and is carefully " skimmed off with a fleeting dish into " a seive, to drain." (Carrs Craven Gl.) " Sarrasson, fleetings or hasty curds, " scumd from the whey of a new milk " cheese," (Cotgrave.) Of. Wilbraham and Mr. Ways Promptorium. 2. In singular, cream, as Lye ; used in this sense, Lb. I. xliv. 2. The com- mon notion of these two senses, is skimmbujs. Fnccj-tia'S, Lib. II. xxxvi. If the passage be without en-oi', which is hardly to be supposed, ynsej-cia'S must be a plural. Fnajsc is masc, and makes ace. I'one ynaesr, Ai5a|. 28,51 ; therefore we should perhaps read ynsesras. Fojibejian, prast. bseji, p. part, bojien, re- strain, cohihere, continere. Hb. iv. 9. Lib. I. xlv. 6, in a special sense, conti- nere, render continent, tie with a knot of poison. See preface, on knots. To this binding down the instincts by herbs, allude the glosses, " obligamentum, lyb- " lyjefn ;" " Obligamentum, lyb," Gl. Cleop. fol. 69 a, fol. 71 b; Gl. M.M. p. IGO a, 22, where lib is (papjxaKov and liyesn, (pvKaKTrjpiov, an amulet; galbo]! oSiSe hyej-ne, Beda, p. 604, 9. In the Njal saga, Una, virgin wife of Ilrut, thus tells her tale, attributing the mis- fortune to something that had poisoned him : voif^L Fopbejian — ront. Vist hefir hringa hristir Hrutr likama I'rutinn eitrs ]>a. en linbe'Ss leitar lundygr munu'5 dryia. Known has Hrut, the ring bestower, his body bloat with venom vile, when he would, with all goodwill, in linen white, in bleached bed, the bliss enjoy of loves delights with me the lass he wooed and wed. Cf. pypcyopbojie. Lb. III. i. Fo])beiian is restrain, Bw. 3748. Fopcuuolfcan, to swallow. Lb. I. iv. 6. Cf. Qvolk, gullet, ^iroat (Molbech). Fojinesey yolm, " Fornjots palm," sonic herb ; Lb. I. Ixx. Ixxi. Gl. Cleop. fol. 65 b, which gl. only translates ]olni, riiamis. Cf. Gorfaers na;gler, pihrmsciie)- ]iy]it, SigniDsrts cruyt = Signiunds kraut. Fopjieaxen ; that this word has been rightly read overgrown, appears by lib. ii. 4, and by 'Sy Iedj- hie ~o 'Sfcm j'op- peoxen ^sec hie yopyeapoben -j "Sy un])ce)-'5mb8e]J]iau jjsejien, P.A. .54 b. Lest they overgrew to that degree that they withered and were thus less fertile. Fopt>ylmian. See pelma. Foe, masc, foot, pi. j:er, as Mark ix. 45 ; but yocas, G'S. 114. Lb. Foxej- clace, fem., gen. -an, " fox clote," Arctium lappa. Lb. I. Ixix. iSee Clate. Foxey j:oc, bur reed, Sparganinm simplex. In Hb. xlvii. is ^i(j>iov. By the drawing in MS. G. this seems to have been understood as the German Schwertel- riei = Sparga7iiu7n simplex, the burs on which may account for the name foxes foot. Hares foot is a name similarly given. The drawing in MS. V. is much eaten out. " Xifion, foxes fot," Gl. Dun., copied from Hb. So Gl. Laud. 507. B B 386 GLOSSARY. Fo^ojin, masc, gen. -ty, tenaculum, in a surgeons case of instruments. Lb. I. vi. 7. Taken as a compound of yon, to catch, and )>opn. Fpampeapbej-, in a direction away from, Lb. I. Ixviii. 1. Fulbeam, fulanbeam, masc, gen. -ej-, the black alder, rhamnus franyula. Lb. I. xxxii. 4. G. Gasel, Lb. I. xxxvi. ; Gazelle, Gagille, fern. ? gen. -an. Lb. II. li. 1 ; 11. liii. ; III. xiv., sweet gale, Myrica Gale. But sageles, Lacn. 4. Galluc, masc, comfrey, Symphytum offi- cinale. "Simphitone, the hearbe Alo, " Confrey or wallwort of the rocke," (Florio). So Hb. Ix., Gl. Dun. copy- ing Hb. "Cumfiria," Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240). " Adriatica vel malum " teiTS!, salluc," Gl. Somn.p. 66 [63], 1. 9. If tbis means that the earth apple, -whether Cyclamen or Bunium, is galluc, the statements above must be preferred. Copied into Gl. Dun, Occ. Lb. 1. xxvii. 1, masc. Gapclij-e, agrimony, agrimonia eupatoria. Hb. xxxii. Gapcliye is also the gloss of Agrimonia in Gl. Dun. and Lb. II. viii. Gl. Sloane, 146. MS. G. draws a rude likeness of agrimony, and MS. T. at- tempts apyefjiwvT], papaver argemone. The word Agrimonia is said to be a corruption of Argemone, Plinius, xxvi. .59, but those who choose to enter into the subject of the Latin names had better compare Dioskor. ii. 108, who speaks of a poppy. Gap, a spear, is evidently the first element in the name of the plant, the spike of which rises like a narrow dagger above the grass : clije is, perhaps, connected with our ClifiF, and with Hhjrian, to tower. Gacerjieo]>, neut., gen. -ev, the nettle tree, the tree lotus, celtis australis. Lb. I. xxxvi. Somners conjectiire is wholly an error, his tree is the Gattridge tree. " Geizpoum, lothon ; [AwrtJs, genus " arboris, latine mella]," Gl. Hoffin. Geacej" yxxyie, gen. -an, cuckoo sorrel, wood sorrel, oxalis Acetosella. Proofs abound. Lb. I. ii. 13, 22.; III. xlviii. Geagl, neut. and masc, gen. -ej-, the jowl, the fleshy parts attached below the lower jaw. Lb. I. i. 16, 17.; iv. 3. Gealla, masc, gen. -an. 1. Gall, bile. 2. A gall, a fretted place on the skin, intertrigo. Lb. 1. Ixxxviii. Gea]iu]'e, gaapujie, gajijie, fem., gen. -an, yarrow, Achillea millefolium. Seo jieabe gappe, red yarrow, Achillea tomentosa. Lb. III. Ixv. Gebjiaeceo, cough, tiissis, Hb. cxxiv., cxxvi. Gl. in MS. H. Hose, cough, SH. p. 26. Gebjiocum, with fragments, Lb. II. Ivi. 3. Cf. Scipsebpoc, Lye. Gecypnab, granulated, Lb. I. Ixxv. Cf. ohg. Kirnjan, nucleare ; Isl. at Kyrna, to granulate. Gec]ij-pau, prset. -pee, p.p. -pc, contract = Old Dansk Kreppa, contrahere. Lb. II. Ivi. Hence Cripple. Geps, Geyeh, neut. 1. a joining, a joint, coynmissura, compago, (Lye, etc., JEG. often.) 2. glue. Lb, I. ii. 2. Cf Umbifangida, glutinum, in GraflF., and Kauahsa ( = gefahsa), purgamenta, the parings of hides and hoofs from which glue is made, id. HI. 421 . Cf also many entries in 422. Genii)jeb, dense with boughs, from ITU'S, forest, opacus, Hb. i. 1, where the Saxon made no error, pa jiaef an pm- ^ rpeop PI'S t cempl sejin'Seb, M.H. 183 b. There loas then a pine tree opposite the temple thick icith foliage. Gesyman, prset. -«*e, p. part. -eb. to over- look. Lb. IIL Ixv. A man is overlooked when one having the power of witch- GLOSSARY. :iS7 Gej;yman — cuiif. craft has set designs against him. An ap- proach to this sense of the Saxon -word is found in )>e eobe on j-umey Fajiipea ealbiie)" huy on p8efteb8ej;e "p he hla)' ajce . T his besymbon hyne. Luke xiv. 1 . Warlock hatred has a blasting effect. This faith is strong in Devonshire ; they say that the witch has no power over the firstborn. Geheinan, to extol, laudibus ampliarc. lib. Ivii. 2. Simple vb. in diett. Gehlenceb, linked. Lb. III. Iv. Sec the - passage. )>lencan, links, found as yet in pi. only; Elene, 47, Csedm. ? MS., p. 154, line 9, but probably masc, as old Dansk, Hlekkr, a c/iaiH, masc. ; Dansk, Lasnke, not neuter ; Swed., La;nk, masc. Translate in Ccedm.? have their linked mail coats. Gehnaican, praet. -ce, p. part. -j;b, to twitch. lib. cxlviii. 1., clxiii. 6. Paris Ps. ci. 8, allidere. Of. Hnykkja in Egilsson, prose sense, vellere. Gehjieo]!]', gen. -es, a turning, also a ver- tebra. Lb. II. xxxvi., so Laws of iEJpelstan, 10, var. lect. Cf. Hpiop):ban, Lorica, Ixxi. Gelejeh, corrupted. Lb. 11. xxxvi. p. 244. Hoot Ley, mischief. Gehclic, proper, consentaneus. Lb. II. xvi. 1. Gelobj'ypc, fem., gen. -e, silver weed, jwten- tiUa anserina. Its leaves resemble the human spine, gelobjie, with the ribs. " Ileptaphyllon," Gl. in Lye. Gl. Dun. Lb I. xxxii. 3 ; xxxviii. 11. Genifebla, masc, gen. -an, talk. Lb. III. Ivii., from mseblan, to talk, C.E. 82, 14, MS. reading, GenaeSa, pi. ephippia, a packsaddle. 0 clerice, p. Ix. Visibly related to ohg. Ginait, consutus. That Ge signifies and is identical with Con, together, see SSpp. art. 261, a large induction. The Gemian Niihen, to sew, exhibits the remainder of the root. But, as Wachter truly says, it is sufficiently manifest, that the word Genae'Sa — cont. has suffered sincopation, and that in its original form it had a D or T, as Neten, or Neden. So that it is related to Nfcbel, needle. " Ouh sih tharzua ni nahit ] " uuiht thes ist ginait." Et se ad hoc non approximat quicquam eius, quod est netum. Otfrid Euangel. IV. xxix. 17, ed. Schilter ; " ioh| unginaten redinou ; et inconsutili arte. Ibid. 64. Geo]iman leay, all the gll. interpret ma/hur, but gl. C. writes geajipan leay, yarrow- leaf, or leaves ; explaining the word j^eojiman, but rendering the tradition doubtful, for no mallow has leaves like yarrow. Ld. vol. I. p. 380. Lb. I. xxvii. I. ; xxxiii. 1., etc. Geycabpypc, fem., gen. -e, an herb un- certain. "Berbescum [^readVcrhascum'], " gescadvyrt," Gl. Dun., Gl. Sloane, 140. " Ilerbescum," id. " Talumbus, gej-calb- " j'ypt)" Gl. Cleop. ; j;ej-cabjiy]ic, Gl. M.M., p. 164 a, 4., read fio\iam hojine hme Ji}'be on 'p jepealb fjn'Se, MH. 190 a, a7id with it struck a monk of St. Martins in the private part severely. Gepune, as a pi. adj., customai-y. lib. Ixviii. Gejjpepan, praBt. se>]'eo)i,p.part. sejjjmjien, Sejnijien, to turn, as cream to butter, milk to curd, to alter, converter e, Lb. I. xliv. 2. Bu-e]i5el)j>eo]i translates " butyrura " in the Colloquium M., p. 28, but not quite correctly. liamejie gej'ujien, Beowulf, 2.5G4, poetically consolidated by the ham- mer. C.E. 497, 16. GicJ'a, masc. ? hicket, hiccup, Lb. contents, I. xviii., answering to geocsa, geohsa, in the text ; coxing for hicketing is fre- quent in English, in a later stage. Hick, hickse, singultus, convulsio vcntriculi (Kilian). 2. Masc, itch, prurigo. Lb. II. xli. ult. ; II. Ixv, 5 ; Hom. I. 86, where the true translation is ascertainable from tiie original passage of Josephus, Kvr\an6s. Translates prwr/^o. P. A. 15 b. Gillijreji, 5eolh)-co]i, neut., ratten, pus, matter, sanies. Lb. Li. 17 ; Beda, p. .'589, line 3, var. lect. Virus, geolrep (so), Gl. Mone, p. 430 a. Dansk, Qualster, thich moist slime, pa gilscjie. Lacn. 1. Gillijtpe, fem., gen. -an, ratten, etc. Lb. I. i. 3. Virus, ^eolrtpc, Gl. Mone, p. 432 b. " Pituita," Gl. M.M. G^yc,va^%(i., yeast, fermentum ex cerevisia. Lb. II. li. 1. lib. xxi. 6. Girpije, syShjioye, fem., gen. -an, cockle, Agiustemma githago. The syllable jnje, as in Iledgeriffe, refers to the roughness of the plant. " The whole is rough, " with hoary upright bristles," (Sir J. E. Smith), "Gith, cokkell," Gl. GirjMj'e, l^ycihjioje — cont. Ilarl. 3388. But in Gl. Cleop. Lassar vel jEsdre ; where Laser is Fenda assa- fcetida. Lb. I. i. 5 ; xxxviii. 4, 5, etc. Git-e, an herb, probably Gi'S. Lb. II. xxxix. (ii'Scopn, the seeds of daphne laureola, the spurge laurel. Hb. cxiii. ; Plinius, xiii. 35. They are taken medicinally, and are like poppy seeds (Theofrastos, ix. 24). They are so hot they were wrapped in fat or crumb. Ibid. More exactly the seeds of D. Gnidium ; see the Latin of Apuleius ; but that is not English, and I have not supposed it imported. The name kSkkoi KvlSwi refers to their em- ployment as purgatives by the early Knidian school of medicine. 2. Agrostemma githago, drawn to Hb. cxiii. in MS. V, fol. 49 a, and in MS. A. A plant is mentioned. Lb. II. Ixv., not a grain. MS. Bodley, 130, glosses " Lathyris, febecorn," sieve corn. Glrebene, gen. -an, gladden. Iris pseuda- corus. As a Latinism I would have passed by this word ; but Sir J. E. Smith in Flora Britannica has made " Gladwyn " Iris fatidissima : hence I quote. " Gladiolus . i . . . . habet cro- " ceum florem . yris . purpureum florem " gerit . alia alba. Gladiolus croceum " sed spatula ftetida nullum," MS. Eaw- linson, c. 607. " Gladiolus florem habet " croceum spatula fcetida nvillum," MS. Harl. 3388. " Gladiolus Acorns . gla- " dene," id. I observe, however, that if we take Sir J. E. Smiths words, " stinking iris or gladwyn," as the same words were understood in the old her- bals, they mean stinking iris or stinking gladderi. Glappan, perhaps from glappe, as herbs commonly are feminine in the an declen- sion: perhaps buckbean, mcnyanlhes tri- foliata, Germ. Klappen, vol. I., p. 399, where the construction may be plural. Cf. slasppan, CD. 057. Thorpe compared Lappa, but that is elate, everywhere. n; GLOSSARY. 389 Glojpypr, fern., gen, -e ; 1. convallnria maialis, It/i/ of the raUe]/ : drawn, hut without the hlooms, at Hb. art. xxiii., in MSS. A., G., T. glossed " clofwort" in a hand of the 14th century, MS. Ilarl. 1585, a copy of Apuleius. The blooms are drawn MS. Bodley, 130, and glossed " foxes glove," but it is convallaria, not digitalis, that is drawn. " Apollinaris, " goldwort," Gl. Rawl. c. 500. " Apol- " linaris, golewort," Gl. Ilarl. 3388. " Apollinaris, glofwert," Gl. M. 2. Biighssa, Hb. xlii. 1, the same as " houndstongue," cijnoghssum officinale, or perhaps h/copsis arve?isis. Gonian, pi. 1. the fauces, the bach of the mouth : it translates (pdpvyya, Hb. clxxxi. 2. Paris Ps. Ixviii. 3, cxviii. 103. C.E. p, 303, 31 ; p. 364, 26. Luporum faucihus, j'ulja jomum, Reg. Concord. Fauces, ?;oman, Gl. Cleop. 2. the (junis ; see Lye. The gums are mostly to'5)ieoman, tooth straps. Gonj;e]'ac}iie, gen. -an, o. gavgicay veavcr, a spider, aranea viatica. Lb. III. xxxv. Giieacepyjic, fern., gen. -e, meadoio saffron, culchicum autumnale. In Hb. xxii. Hieri- bulbus, which according to Zedler is colchicum ; and this plant is drawn in MS. G. ; with broader leaves in MSS. V. T. : the artist in MS. A, has taken the liberty of turning the bulb into a costly flower pot. " Hieribulbura, greate " vyrt. Hierebulbum, cusloppe," that is, cowslipl Gl. Dun. " Hierobulbus, col- " chicum,''' Humelberg, an editor of Apu- leius. If the Saxon translator put the name on the sight of the drawing only, he may have meant by grcatwort, man- gold wiirzel. Some make Hieribulbus, allium Ascalonicum, eschallot, hut that will not pass for greatwort. See al.su Ilpejipe. In Lb. II. Hi. 1, greatwort has a rind to be scraped off: it is to be dug up too. Gjiunberj'yliSe, fem., gen. -an, groundsel, seriecio vulgaris, Lb. I. ii. 13 ; I. xxii. lib. Ixxvii. etc. Gput, fem. neut., Boeth., p. 94, 3, indecl., (jrout, the vet residuarj/ materials of malt liquor, condimentum cerenisifc. Dutch, grauwt (Kilian). Lb. HI. lix. The term is now applied also to the settlings in a tea or coffee cup. " Wort of the last " running," Carr. Gunb, masc, ratten, virus, viridcvt waller. Lb. I. iv. 2, 3, K. )>ae)e]in, l^aebejin, masc, gen. -ej-, a crab (cancer), masc. Lb. I. iv. 2. Ilseyte, neut., a haft, manubrium. Lb. II. Ixv. Somner cited it right. ]>8e)i)-cea]ab, neut., hairlip. Lb. I. xiii. Ilaesel, gen. -es, -les, masc, the hazic, cort/lus, C.D. 624. Lb. I. xxxviii. 8 ; IL lii.=p. 270. Ilseslen, ofhazle, colurnus; Lb. I. xxxix. 3. Hfepen hybele ; Hb. xxx. The various reading is instructive ; Ilnybele, which is close akin, apparently, to Netele, and Kavvajiis : and the Brittanica of the A^ienna drawings (See pref. Vol. I., p. Ixxxi.) is so vim.ch.\\\amlan. " Inluvies secundarum, " hama," Gl. C. " Hamme, sectmda:," (Kilian). " Ileara, secundince," Nemnich. Germ. Ham en : etc., etc 390 GLOSSARY. J>alrj'yjic must have been Campanula trachelium, which in Danslc is Halsurt; iu German, Ilalswurz, Halskraut ; in Dutch, Ilalskruid. It is said to have obtained these names from being used for inflammations in the throat. In English it is Throatwort. 2. Bupleiirwn tenuissimum, Haresear, " auris leporis, haiyvyV^" Gri. Somn. p. 63 b, line 48. " Auricula leporina, " halswort," Gl. Harl. 3388. " Auri- " cula leporina, halswort," MS. M. So Gl. Dun. 3. Scilla autumnalis, MS. G. figure, fol. 1 8 b. = Narcissus, Herb. Ivi. = Bulbus, text of lib. cix. Narcissus, Gl. Dun., probably from Hb. 4. Symphytum album, Hb. cxxviii., seems unsupported. Epicosium, GL Dun. The figure in MS. V. Ivi. to my sense is C. Trachelium, with the bell flowers spoiled ; to Dr. H. " a boraginaceous " plant." ))amoji)iyi)t;, fem., gen. -e, parietaria officinalis ? as appears by a gl. in MS. II. on Herb, art Ixxxiii. So Gl. Brux., and Gerarde. Grimm Mythol. speculates (12G), thinking that perhaps Thors ham- mer is alluded to in the name. Lb. I. xxxi. 9. Since hamojipyjic and bol- j;)iune are mentioned together in Lb. I. xxv. 1, there is much doubt in the interpretation. Leechdoms, Vol. I. p. 374. Lacn. 1, 2, 6. Is not hamo)i)'ypc the same as Hem- briswort, hellis perennis, and derived from Ilamoji, a bird, such as the Yellow- hammer, Emberiza? See Secg. )>anbpypm, masc, gen. -er, an insect sup- posed to produce disease in the hand ; \_cirio'], curio, cirus. Wrights vocab. p. 177, p. 190., from x«'V- " Surio velbrien- " sis vel sirineus, hanbpyjmi," Gl. Somn. p. GO a, 25, which is to read by the preceding, the hissing sound being given to the letter C. So Gl. Harl. 1002. Prompt. Parv., vol. I. p. 225. liapan hyge, "■ haresfoot" (trefoil), Tri- foliiim arvense. In Hb. Ixii., Leporis pes, haresfoot; the connexion of hy?;e with the verb " to hie " is plain. Gl. Dun. copies. The artist in V. has omitted, as was the manner, the third leaflet of the trefoil, and the heads are eaten up. MS. A. has clover heads. MS. G. draws Geum urbanum, another harefoot, and glosses it, " Hasin uuohh " " Benedicta," herb bennet. The later hand in B. also glosses Avens. But Fuchsius, the link between us and the middle ages, is clear as to the trefoil both by name and figure. )>apanj"pecel, -j-ppecel, vipers bvgloss, Echium vulgare. Speckle in our usage, the verb frequentative, in this case the frequentative adjective of speck, j-pecca, masc, (as MS.) is very applicable to this herb : hare only means that where hares live, it lives. Lb. I. xxxii. 2, 4 ; Ixxxvii. Spreckle is now a Scotch and Suffitlk form for Speckle. " Eicios, hai'au- " speccel," Gl. Mone, p. 321 a. "Echius, " Echiimi," Gl. in Lye. " Ecios, haran- " sveccel," Gl. Dun. Eicios, hajiau )-peccel, Gl. Brux. l^ajianjiyjic, JJapepypc, fem., gen. -e. The little harewort oftenest groweth in gar- dens, and hath a white flower. Lb. I. Ixi. 1 ; I. Ixxxviii. ; IH. Ix. ; II. Ixv. 5. )>a]>bbeam, masc., gen. -ef, sycomore, acer pseudoplatanus. The translation of sycomore in the Lindisfarne Gospels, Luke xix. 4. The true sycomore is not English. Vol. I., p. 398, where the saparation of the elements makes no diff'erence. Hares lettuce, Prenanthes muralis. lib. cxiv. Lactuca or Lactuca siluatica, MS. T. The prenanthes m. is drawn in MS. T., and it is equivalent in German to Hasenlattich, in Dansk to Vild latuk. It is also drawn in MS. Bodley, 130, and glossed " slepwert." "Lactuca leporina " i . wyld Ictys, and he has leues like GLOSSARY. 391 Hares lettuce — cont. " sowthestyU," MS. Bodley, 53G. Tlie figures in MSS. V., G., A. are of no account. Ilatian, translates graoari. Lb. II. xxv. ]>a)>oh))e ? fem. ? declined in -an ; pro- bably elbow joint. The word is com- pounded of the syllable ha}>, which is found in )>ea'5ejiian, cohihere (Boet. xxxix. 5 ; Beda, iv. 27 ; C.E.p. 401, 17, where the fac simile of the MS. reads mec not me, p. 482, 5, and in Umbe- hathlichiu, nexilis, in Graflf. iv. 805,) and ofJA\>,ajoint; it signifies, therefore, the nex'ile joint, or the fast tied joint. The patient was to be bled on it. The fastest tied joint on which a patient can well be bled is the elbow. Somner conjectured, probably from knowledge of the Latin, vena axillaris; that is the same vein, t)\v iv ayKccvi, r^v virh /xaffX^^^Wj says Trallianus (p. 127, ed. 1548). )>eahheale}>e, )ieahhiolo)>e, itiula helenium ; See eh. Lb. I. xxxix. 2, etc. " Hiunula " campana, ho'?^fellen," Gl. Laud, 567, i.e., Horse Helenium. iJealebe, belly bursted, hertiiosus, Gl. Somn. p. 71 b, 60. Hb. Ixxviii. 2, where ad ramicem pneri, Lat. ; " Ponderosus," in Lye, which means not " weighty," but bursted; " Ponderosus, hernia laborans " (verba improbata in Bailey) ; Haull, masc, hernia (Islandic) ; i> cilb bilS hoppobe T healebe (MS. Cott. Tiber. A. iii. fol. 41), the child shall be hump- backed and bursted. SH. 23. )>eal}:, neut., the half, dimidium, pars dimidia. Lb. II. ii. 2. )>eal}:, side, quarter is fem. Healy heapb, half head; JE.G. 14, line 24, distinctly defines as the sinciput, the for- ward half; (hoc sinciput), heal}: lieayob ; hoc occiput, ]-e fcjxpa bsel i'sej' heaybej-. )>eal): pubu, masc, gen. -bej-, field balm, calamintha nepeta, Lb. I. xlvii. 2. " jZidebalme . i . halue pude," Gl. Harl. 978. This plant was placed by Linnaeus as Melissa ; it is perennial. Dealm, neut., halm, calamus. Gabjiion himj-ylfe -p healm. Exod. v. 7. Lb. 1. Ixxii. Heap, Lb. I. ii. 21, austere. Cf Ileojio, sword, C.E. 346, and its senses as a prefix. HebcIaS, a coarse upper garment. Quad. iv. 1 7. " Heben, casla," gl. C, that is, a chasuble. " Heben gunna," gl. C. gunny cloth. Ne haibbe he on heben ne caeppan, DD. 348, ix. Let him have oji neither chasuble nor cope ; the English rite. Cf. IleSinn, a kirtle or cape of skiii, in Islandic. (Jonsson.) Deseclije, fem., gen. -an, hedge clivers, cleavers, clivers, Galium wparme, Lb. I. ix. liej^epiye, gen. -an, fem. ? " hedgeruff," '' hayreve," Galium aparine. " Rubia " minor, HayreflF oJ>er aron \i-ead Ilay- " renn ?] is like to wodruff, and \>q sed " tuchid will honge in oneis cloj'is," MS. Sloane, 5, fol. 29 a. " Rubia minor " cleuer heyreue," Gl. Harl. 3388. Lb. I, xxxii. 4; I. Ixiv. )>elbe, tansy, tanacetum vidgare, " Tana- " ceta," Gl. Somn. p. 66 [63] b, 22. So Gl. Jul., Gl. Dun., Gl. Harl. 978 (A.D. 1240); Tenedisse,Gl. Brux., also " Arti- " mesia hilde," Gl. Dun., but the tansy is generically akin to the mugwort. Lb. L xxvi. Ai5a|. 58. l>emlic, gen. -e, also -an ; hemlock, co- nium maculatum. Other plants may be sometimes called hemlock, for the um- bellate herbs require educated eyes, but this is the starting point for English notions. Cicuta virosa is water hem- lock (Sir J. E. Smith) ; " Cicuta," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 47, classically right, though botanically wrong ; for it fol- lows from Plinius, xxv. 95, that Kwveiuv = cicuta. Ace. Hymlican. Lb. I. i. 6. Has a masc. adj. Lacn. 71; dat. hym- lice. Lb. I.lviii. 1. )>eopocbpembel, masc, gen. -ey, the buck- thorn, rkamnus. " Ranno, Christs thorne, " Harts thorne. Way thorne, Bucke " thorne, or Rainberry thorne," Florio 392 GLOSSARY. )>eo)iocb]jembel — cont. Lb. III. xxix. 1. The berries are exceed- ingly loved by stags, Cotgrave, v. Eour- daine. Gerarde. lieojiofc cjiop, Lb. I. vi. 3, probably a bunch of the flowers of hart wort, or seseli. (Nemnich, Cotgrave.) ]>eo)iC cl3C):]ie, hcn't clover or medic, medi- cago maculata. In lib. xxv. Hart clover is made germander, tcucrium chama'drijs, and there is no doubt about the identity of germander with the chamscdrys of the Latin ; the name germander is a gradual alteration fi-om the Hellenic ■word, and in MS. G. the plant is drawn. In MSS. "V. and A. we see something more like anagallis arvensis, but we must make concessions to these old artists. There is, however, no doubt but that clffijjie is clover, " trifillon [_trefoil'], clfc- " )iie," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 3. " Trifo- " Hum rubrum, reade cleaure," Gl. Dun. " Calesta vel calcesta, hvit cleaure," Gl. Dun. That we find " trifolium, s^ace- " rupe," Gl- Somn. p. 66 [63] b, line 11, may be satisfactorily explained by look- ing at the Oxalis Acetosella, -which is a trefoil sorrel, abounding in groves and thickets in the spring. The same wort is meant by " Calcitulium, geaces " swre," Gl. Dun. ; for calta is clover with the Saxons ; " Calta siluatica, vude " cleaure," Gl. Dun. ; " wood sorrel " is a frequent name of it at this day ; it was panis cuculi, Fr. pain de cocu (Lyte). The tradition of the word " hart " is sufficient for us ; probably, however, in. falcata and m. sativa were embraced under the name. These were once known as "horned clauer," or clover (Lyte); and since the melilot m. officinalis, was called hart clauer in Yorkshire (Gerarde), that also may have been set down for a vaiiety. Culpepor calls melilot, kings claver. " Cenocephaleon [AeaJCyno-], " heort cleaure," Gl. Dun., may be a misreading of a drawing, since toadflax and melilot hang their heads in the same )>eopt clseyjie — cont, manner. " Camedus," Gl. Brux., that is, chanicedrys, germander. ^^yy ? gG°' ~C' fem., hive. Hb. vii. 2. Lye. Leechd. Vol. I. p. 397. )>ill])y]it, fem., gen. in -e, " hillwort, cahnnintha riepeta. Hillwort is pulegiuni montanum in the glossaries, to be dis- tinguished by name and habitat from I)ulegium regale or penny royal. Now the Bergpoly of the Germans, Teucrium polium, is not a native of England, we must then select, as above, a plant which grows on " dry banks and way " sides on a chalky soil," with " odour " strong resembling mentha pulegium," (Hooker). But if the words be of the savour of a version from the Latin, then hillwort will be teucrium polium. See lib. Iviii. ; Promp. Parv. p. 399. ]>ymele, gen. -an, the hop plant, humnlns hi pidus = hvim]Q (Dansk)=humall, masc. (Islandic). Hb. Ixviii. The female plant is evidently meant by the ewehymcle, coj'ohumelan. Lb. III. Ix. The statement that men mix hymele with their ordinary drinks, shows what plant the writer of Hb. had in his mind. That he identifies it with bryony is an error in his Greek. Lovells Herball (16.59) thus, "Hops, lupulus. In fat " and fruitful! ground, the wild among " thornes. The flowers are gathered in " August and September. Bpvov kcu " Ppvonvia, lupus salictarius et reptitius." Most of the early glossaries translate however, bryonia by Wilde nep, and Dioskorides(iv. 184, 185) describes what is certainly not the hop plant. Columella is charged with having confused the bryony with the hop. Lib. x. p. 350. " Qurcque tuas audax imitatur Nysie " uites, " Ncc metuit sentes, nam uepribus " improba surgens " Achradas indomitasque Bryonias " alligat alnos." The lines hardly support the charge. GLOSSARY. 393 ]>ymele — cont. According to the present nsage of those who speak rural Englisli, tlie hop is the fructification of the female plant, and the plant itself has no name but hop plant. It is quite incorrect according to the country folk to speak of the plant as the hop. No such name as Humble seems to be known. The contrasted )>esehymele, hedge- liumble, affords presumption that there was a cultivated kind, and other proofs exist that the Saxons grew this plant. )>ynu'lo, liop trefoil, trifolium procumhevs. In Hb. Hi. we had a problem to solve ; polytrichura was hair moss, and hymele v/as hop, and yet the two plants must be the same. The trefoil leaves of poly- trichum in MS. G. suggested a solution ; it is hoped the right one. The text in Hb. lii. speaks plainly of hair moss ; but the drawing in the MS. has nothing of the sort ; in this difficulty the in- terpreter solved not the Hellenic word, but the drawing, and named it hymele ; as it has no resemblance to the hop, nor to geum rivale. Jordhumle in Swedish is trifolium agrarium (Nemnich). The name Humble was not confined to the hop, see yelbpypc ; and in Islandic Val- humall is achillea millefolium. (Olaf Olafsens Urtagards Bok, p. 88.) )>mbhajlehe,-heolot>e, -an, water agrimony, Uvericort, Eiipatoriun cannabinum. " Ambrosia." Hb. Ixiii. 7 ; so Lacn. G9. Gl. Sloane, 146. Our gU. make this ambrosia maior to be widely dis- tinguished from chenopodium botrys, which is also ambrosia, but not an English plant. Hindheal is Hirsch- wundkraut in Germ. " stag-wound-wort." " Eupatorium lilifagus \_understand " eK(\ialeomoc, fem. gen., -an ; brooh- lime (where lime is the Saxon name in decay), Veronica beccabnnga, with V. anagallis. Lb. I. ii. 22. " It waxeth in " brooks," Lb. I. xxxviii. 4. Both sorts Lcmmike, Dansk. They were the greater and the less " brokelemke," Gl. Bodley, 536, " Fabaria domestica . i . lemeke. " Fabaria agrestis similis est nasturtio " aquatico et habet florem indum \_hluc'] . " i . fauerole et crescit iuxta aquas," Gl. liawl. c. 607. In those words the v. anagallis is described. The following agree more or less, Gl. in Lye ; Gl. Dun. ; Gl. Cleop. ; Gl. Harl. 978 ; Gl. Harl. 3388 ; Gl. Mone, p. 288 a, 27: read lemicke ; Islandic, Lemiki. IMyjT, masc, gen. -c)-, hearing ; masc. DD, 41, xlvi. Lb. L iii. 7 ; Horn, IL 374 ; also fem., gen. -e, Lb. I. iii., con- tents ; and in old Dansk, IMurro]! bpenc, masc, gen. -es, " clear " drink," claret, made of wine, honey, aromatic herbs, and spices. " Accipe " ergo hirtzunge [^harlstongue] et eam " in vino fortiter coque, et tunc purum " mel adde, et ita iterum; tuncfac semel " fervere, deinde longum piper et bis " tantum cynamomi pulverisa, et ita 394 GLOSSARY. T>lucco]i b]yenc—co7it. " cum praedicto vino fac iterum sernel " fervere, et per pannum cola et sic fac " LUTER DEANCK." St. Hildcgard. Phys. XXX., and similarly ciii. ))ni}el, masc, forehead, Lb. III. i. Hoc, gen. hocces, 07ie of the mallows, malcd. Lb. III. xxxvii., xli. Many gll. )>0]:e, gen. -an, fem., alehoof, hove, ground ivy, ylechoma hederacea. Lb. I. ii. 19. Seo jieabe hoje, the same. 2. Me]i)-c lioje, stachjs pahislris^ Lb. I. xxxviii. 5. IIoj]»ec, hoy]i8ec, neut., hoof nick, hoof trac/i . Vol. I. p. 392. A parallel charm has jorspop. )>olcKi>)-e, fem., gen. -an, feld gentimi, gcntiana campestris. Lb. 1. ii. 17. The same as the Ilolgraess of OEder, Icoues Plantarum, vol. 3, where he gives the local Norwegian names. )>omo]i)-ec5, masc. Lb. I. Ixxvi. 2. Sec Sees. )>oph, )5o)i, gen. -ej-, also J>0]iepes, masc. ; foulness, filth, foul humour, fleyma, pituita, is masc. Lb. II. xvi. 2 ; xxviii. and in hojiaj-, pituita, Gl. in Lye. Gl. Somn. p. 72 a, 55. Written Opaj-, Quadr. viii. 6. See corrections, Vol. I. Neuter, Lb. II. xvi. 1. Flegmata, liojih, Gl. M.M., p. 156 b, 5. Gl. Cleop. fol. 39 d. Horewes, Gl. Mone, p. 404 b. IIojiiS, mucous, pundenf. Gl. Prud. p. 146 b. )>0]in abl, a disease of foul humours in the stomach. Lb. II. xxvii. From hoph, filth. Iljiacu, gen. -an, fem., throat, yuttur. paeji j;ynube on 'Sa]ie hpacan )"]'ylce Jjaeji hpylc fea^ paepe. G.D. 226 b. There yawned in the throat as if there had bee?} a sort of pit. Lb. I. i. 17. K. prints a masc. SS. p. 148, line 32. Iljiajffcan, ace, hreaking, exscreatio, Lb. I. i. 16. J^pseccunge, the uvula, Lorica, Ixx. Lb. I. . 4. Hjiacan, fauces, Gl. in Lye. )>p8ect;un5e — cont. -r cunse, tongue. Hpaececuns is different, Lb. II. viii. Hjisecan, to clear the throat, screare, + ec frequentative, + ung, parti- cipial termination. )>ji2epie]- yot, masc, " ravens foot,'" pilewort, ranunculus ficaria, Bat. In Hb. xxviii. made Chamajdafne, which, literally translated, is " ground laurel or bay," and determined by Sprengel to be rus- cus racemosus.^' That it is indeed a ruscus is qvxite evident by the words of Dioskorides ; Kapirhv 5e -nepKpepi} ipvOpvv, Tols (pvWois 4iniTe(pvK6Ta,Vior can we doubt from the rest of the description but that the species is correctly determined. Plinius, however, having more know- ledge of words than things, while citing the description ; " semen rubens an- " neximi foliis" (xxiv. 81), which makes the chamsedafiie a ruscus, yet has misled many of the later inquirers by declaring it to be periwinkle ; " vinca pervinca " sive chamfcdafoe," (xxi. 99.) In this error he is followed by many, as a "Welsh gl. of plants in Meddygon Myddfai, (p. 283 a.), and Coopers Thesaurus. The Latin Apuleius, MS. G. draws, I think, a periwinkle. The species II. racemosus, is a native not of England, but of the Archipelago. Our concern, however, being with Eavens foot, it will soon appear that it is neither Ruscus nor Vinca. Ravens foot, like crowfoot, was a name probably given fi'om the shape of the leaves ; whence it will follow at once that ravens foot is neither chamas- daftie nor vinca maior. The old inter- preter had before him a wholly different drawing, having a resemblance in its folded leaves to Alchemilla vulgaris. The unfolded leaves are deeply cut, and so " Pentaphilon, refnes fot," Gl. Dun. Quinquefila. Gl. Brux. So Gl. M.M. p. 161 b, 34, showing that the leaves were like those of cinqfoil. MS. T. has a gl. " Raucn fote, crowfote," to the same effect, with a drawing which I take to intend GLOSSARY. 395 J^jieejnej- }0C — co7it. periwinkle, " quinquefolium, hpaej:nae)- " )ooc," Gl. Moyen Moutier, p. 164 b; so p. 161 b. " Pes corui apium moroi- " darum, ravenys feete," MS. Bodley, 178. "Apium emoroidarum vel pes " corui idem ravnys fete," MS. Ilarl, 3388. " Apium emoroidarum, pes corui " idem," MS. Rawlinson, c. 607. Tlie tubers at tlie root of ttiis plant were compared to piles, hemorrhoids, fici, whence the names Pilewort, Apium hacmorrhoidarum, Eicaria. " Pes pulli, " Gallice pepol, Anglice remnies fote," Gl. Sloane, 146. "Pied poul, the " round rooted or onion rooted crow- " foot." Cotgrave. Similarly Gl. Harl. 3388. Thus authority and early tradition run strongly for ranunculus ficaria ; at the same time we cannot but feel a difficulty in observing that the leaves of this species are not crowfoot in shapes and the plant is so unlike most of the crowfoots, that on ancient principles it should hardly be called by a similar name. lijiean, ace, Lb. n. xli., I suppose to be = Isl, Hrai, masc, cruditas, as perhaps not rawness, but indigestion. Somner, however, may have had authority for ]ucj-ca, gen, pl., Lb. I. xxxi. 5, from some nom. s. signifying it seems a crick, which is a small wrench, a twist, accom- panied usually with a small sound ; a little crack, a crick, produced by the overstraining of some articulation. See Lye in )>jiij-cian. J^jnj:, neut., the abdomen. Lb. II. xxviii. ; II. xxxii. )>]iipns, fem., gen. -e, scab, crust of a healing umund. Lb. I. xxxv. at end, the context requires this sense. Cf. )>jue]}>0, scabies. )>jii)Tuns, fem., gen. -e, spasmodic action. Isl. at Ilrista quaiere, in the reflexive, contremiscere. Lb. II. xlvi. ]'i\\yt,,febricitat. Lb. II. xxv. )>))y5ejien, bovinus. Lb. II. viii. Djioc, neut., moisture, mucus, thick fluid. Lb. II. xxviii. ; ohg. lloz, mucus, in- rheuma. )>)Uit>. Lb. II. xxiv. )>unbe)-hea}ob, "hounds head," snapdragon, anlirrhimim oronlium, Hot. In lib. Ixxxviii., Canis caput. The German Hun dskopf is A. orontium, and according to Kilian in kalfs-snuyte, canis caput is antirrhinum. The drawings in j\ISS. V. and T. represent, I hold, this plant. " Cynocephaleon, heoptclsefpe," Gl. Somn, p. 63 b, 56, hart clover, melilot, which might be made in a di'awing to cluster its flowers as snapdragon. IMmbej- tun^e, fem., gen. -an, hounds- tongue, eynoglossum officinale. In lib. xlii. this is made = bugloss ; in MS. V., allowing for conventional and incorrect drawing, the figure (fol. 30 c.) seems intended for lycopsis arvensis. Sot., or small bugloss ; similarly MS. A., fol. 24 b. MS. G. draws echium vulgare, or vipers bugloss. MS. T. has given us, instead of bugloss, a picture of house- leek. The houndstongue family of plauts is akin to the bugloss race, and om- Saxon interpreter was, perhaps, unable to discriminate. "Buglossan, glosvyrt " vel hundes tunga. Canis lingua, huu- " des tunga," Gl. Dun. "Lingua bobule '' (bubula) oxan tunge," id., "buglossa " hertestunge, ossentunge/' Gl. in Mone, p. 283 a. " Bugilla, hundestunge," id. p. 285 b. {bugle, aiuga reptans, JJot.), " lingua cervina, huntzenge," id. p. 289, (a mistake, road hertszunge). " Buglosse, " foxes glofa," id. p. 320 a ; " canis " lingua, hundestunge," id. ibid. That eynoglossum officinale is houndstongue in Gemian, Dutch, Dansk, Swedish, may have arisen from translation and instruc- tion ; but why not so also with the Saxons ? The drawing in V. is more like borage (II., from a pen and ink sketch), but the blooms }iave no blue colour. 396 GLOSSARY. )>une, gen. -an, horehnund, marnihiiiiii miJfjare. Lb. I. iii. 11., etc. )^uni;i;tea]i, gen. -es, masc, destillatkm from the comb, -without squeezing, virgin honey, mel purissimum, e favo sponte quod effluxit. " Mell stillativum," Lb. I. ii. 1. " Nectareum, hunij;-eapenne," Gl. Prud. p. 140 b. " Nectaris, hunisreajiej-," Gl. Mone, p. 384 b, 4. '* Favuni nectaris, " huni5 camb teajic)-," Regularis Con- cordia. )>]ieo]i]a, masc, a udiorl, verficillus. Lb. IIL vi. )>]icppe, fern.? gen. -an? Lb. Iii. 1, is a " great wort;" the radical syllable implies roundness, as in )>pe]i, a kettle, )>j'e)i- j'crte (a gourd, a calabash, and then) a cucumber. See Hb. xxii. Is it then tlie bulb, colchicum autumiiale? ]>]no]i)ban, ncut.,/inee cap, patella. In the Lorica, Vol. I. Ixxi., the gloss of poples, ■which is an error. See peoh hpeojiya. IJj'iccubu, -cjieobu, gen. hjucej* eyibuey, inaatich, the gum of the pistacia lentiscus. So the GU. Lb. II. iii., Gl. Dun., etc. \/ )>]'icin5, whitintj, chalk and size. Lb. III. xxxix. Ijit;, ueut., gen. -c)-, ivy; hcdcra helix is the only species native to England; ncut., I>b. III. XXX. Graff also marks the ohg. Ebah, iuy, neuter. Ipef, gen. Lb. I. ii. 10 ; I. iii. 7, etc. Ipj^rapo, masc, gen. -an, ivy tar. Lb. III. xxvi. ; masc, Cf. Lb. III. xxxi. " It is " produced from the Body of the larger " Ivy, being cut or wounded, and some- " times dropping forth of it self." Sal- mons English Physician, 1693, p. 991. " Oleum cyfmum (i-ead Kiffaivov) idem " de bagis (read baccis) hederac confi- " citur sic. Sumis in ianuario mense " cum ceperunt hedcrtC grana cresccre, " etc." MS. Harl. 4890, fol. 70 a. Innojapan, pi. viscera. Lb. II. xxxvi. Iu]'i|-an, pi., Jlavouring, condinientum, Lb. II. vi., from jni^an, herbs. L. LcCCC'pyiit, 1. generally a herb of healing, herba mcdicinalis, M.II. 137 a. 2. Campions, or ragged rohin, or one of that kindred, lib. cxxxiii. ; but, I fear, only from the syllables Ljcc- and Lych-. 3. Plantago lanceolata, " iBCcejiyjir, " qiiinqucnervia," Gl. Cleop. fol. 83 a. Gl. M.M. Liikeblad, plantago maior, in West Gothland (Nemnich). The plain- tain was famed for healing power. Lb. I. xxxii. 3. Legs, a letting, missio. Lb. III. cont. xlvii. fern. ? Cf. H bloblffise, Lb. IL xxiii. ; bloblccspu, Beda, 616, 12, on 'Sa;pe blob- Itcsjie, 016, 5. Lambe)- ca!)i)-e, gen. -an, is said, Lb. Li. 17. to be the same as Cress. Lai'eji, labep, laver, Hb. cxxxvi., is called Slum by Lyte also ; the botanists now call sium water parsnep, and the eaten laver, porphyra laciniata. Laver is a Latin word. Leac, gen. -es, neut. 1. Originally a wort, herba, olus, whence are derived leaccei!|-e, leacrun, " hortus olitorius," leacpcjib, a gardener. Houseleek and holleac are not alliaceous. Aarons leek is arum maculatum, Gl. Sloane, 5. 2. A leek, allium porrum. Lb. II. xxxii. vol. I. p. 376, where I cannot now find a verification for the masculine gender, iinlcss by resorting to the old Dansk, Laukr, masc. pej-, in jE.G. is a mis- print. Ejiabcleac, probably leek, Allium por- rum, from the breadth of its leaves. Lb. II. Ii. 1. Lacn. 12. GLOSSARY. fl% Lcac — cont. Cjiapleac, crow garlic, allium ursinum, or viaeale, vol. I. p. 37 G. " Centum ca- " pita, asfodillus, ramese, crowe garlek," Gl. IJawl. c. 506. Cjiopleac, allium sativum. A gl. gives " serpyllum," but that is an inadmis- sible tale, for cjiop means hunch, as of berries, and leac means leek ; we must therefore make our choice among asfo- delaceous plants ; and as those -which ansv.'er the description best are open to objection, for allium ampeloprasum is by far too rare, and allium vineale is crowleek, we fix on a common foreign but cultivated species. Lb. I. ii. 13, 1.5; L iii. 11; L xxxix. 2; IIL Ixviii. The German Knoblauch has the same sense, and is this plant. Gajileac, aUiuia oleruceuiii ? Sec Lb. I. ii. 10 ; IIL Ix. Ixi. Ilolleac, •' hollow wort," fumuria hnl- /w.w, the" radix cava" of the herborists; Runde Hohlwurzel, Germ. ; lluulroed, Dansk ; Ilolwortel (Kilian) ; Iliillrot, Swed. Lacn. 23, 61. Lb. . It is not corydalis, the root of which is not hollow. iSce English Botany, 1471. Secjleac, Lb. I. Iviii. I, Lacn. 37, i.s of coui'se chive garlic, allium achtvnopra- sum, the English and Hellenic names having the same sense. Lcac cepse, fem., gen. -an. Lb. III. xv. Erysimum alliaria is both leek and cress. Leah, gen. leage, fem., ley, lixivium. Quad, ix. 14. Leechd.vol. I. p. 378. Lb. III. xlvii. Lees, Gl- C Leaj>0)i, neut.? lather, spuma saponacea ; see Lyt'jian, not fem. Lacn. 1. Islandic Lii'Sr, neut. lather. Cf Lyhjian, Alyh- ]ian. St. Marharete. Leajjojijiyjic, fem., gen. -e, lather wort, soap- ivort, saponaria officinalis. " Borith " herba fuUonum, lea'Sojii'yjir," Gl. Cleop. The plant yields lather freely. Lb. L iii. 11. Leonyot, masc, gen. -e)% lion foot, alche- milla vulgaris, Hb. viii. This name is Leonyor — cont. foreign, and a translation of Aeoi'TOTniSio;' in Dioskorides. Leontopodion is alche- milla vulgaris in Dorsten, in Lyte, in Dansk; " Alchemilla vulgo appellatur et " pes leonis," Csesalpinus xiv. 249. Sib- thorp says, alchemilla alpina is to this day called Asovtoit6^lov. Sprengel says, that the Leontopodium of Dioscorides is " Gnafalium leontopodium," and the figures in V. G. T. Bodley, 130 (Ixii.) agree. Lib, lyb, neut.? something medicinal and potent, a harmful or powerful drug, (pdpfj.aKov. Cf. lib-lac, sorcery; oxna- hb, " medicine of oxen," black liclleborc ; hbcopn, cathartic g7-a ins. "Luppi, neut. " venenum, succus lethiferus, etc.," Graff. Ougluppi, eye lib, collyrium, eye salve, id. Goluppeten pfil, veneyiata sagitta, Gl. Schilter. " Coagulum, lap," a gl. in Mone, p. 287 a. Congula, cji'libbu, Gl. Prud. 141 a, as {? Tvpo(papjxaKov ; it is tlic runnet to turn milk to curd. Libcojm, neut, gen. -ay, n grain of purgative effect, especially the seeds of various euforhias, probably also the seeds of some of the gourds, as momordica elatc- rixim, cucumis colocynthis. Lb. I. ii. 22; IL Iii. 1, 2, 3. Carthamo, also citocasia, also lacte- rida, also catharticum, Gl. Dun. ; lacy- ride, Gl. Brux. ; these are the milky spurges. Lmi, mostly neut., but also fem., a limb, artus ; fem.. Lb. II. Ixiv. p. 288 ; fem. also in Islandic. Cf. Lb. I. xxv. 2, xxvii. 1, xxxi. 7, Ixxiii.; III. xxxvii. Lmiunj, fem., gen. -e, an attachment, car- tilago. Lb. II. xxxvi. Lie), neuter and masc.,yo//(^, articulus. Lb. I. Ixi. 1 ; II. xxxvi. In old Dansk, Li^V, masc. Li'5, drink, gen. -es, neut. Lb. I. xix. Boet. 110, 33. eye "Sa him ^'a;r liiS Jefcipeb paj)-, P.A. 5.5 a, 2r//e/? the drink was gone from him. 398 GLOSSARY. Li^" rypt, fem., gen. -e, lithewort, dwarf elder, sambucus ebulus. Hb. xxix. This is made Ostriago. See Pref. vol. I. p. Ixxxv. : from the drawings, nothing can be learnt. " Ostriago, lith vyrt. " Chamedafne, leoth vyrt," Gl. Dun., read x"'M«'"f''''7> that is, ground elder. " Ebulus, wall wort," in later hand" lyj^e " wort," MS. Harl. 3388. In Hb. cxxvii. lihpyjir is erifia, which is unknown, and from the drawing probably nothing but dwarf elder was understood. Viburnum lantana was never known by this name. IJyt'pan ? to lather, spumam e sapone con- ficere, aut ex quovis eiusmodi. Lyjjpe, imperat, Lb. I. 1. 2. AlyJ^pe, Lb. I. xxii. 2. AleJ^jie, Lb. I. liv. Lit>ule, Lb , I. Ixi. 2. Somner said fistula, which is a disease ; Lye, fistula, enema; it has been translated in connexion with the foregoing leechdoms, as if li'S-ele, joijit oil, synovia. Lonb abl, fem., gen. -e, nostalgia, Lb. II. Ixv. 5. Lunsenjiypc, fem., gen. -e, lungwort, pulmonaria officinalis. Germ., Lungen- wm'z; Dansk, Lungurt; Swed. Lungort. 2. A sort mentioned, Lb. I. xxxviii. 4, " yellow upwards," hieracium murorum and pulmonarium, golden lung wort. Liiscmoce, fem., gen. -an, not in the gll ., possibly by corruption of syllables, Ladys smock, cardamine pratensis. Lb. I. xxxviii. 3. 10. A kind with a cropp or bunchy head. Lb. I. xxxix. 2 ; I. xxxviii. 3. M. CDiel, gen. -ej*, neut., measure. Orienfis Mir. ix. Chron. p. 3.'54, line 31, anno 1085. Lb. L ii. 1 ; XL vii. " Circinum, " maelranj;e," Gl. Somn. p. 65 b, 4, a pair of compasses, measure tongs. Where bajsmaslar is printed, the MS. has dajsmael uf. CDaj;e))e, CDagoJie, fem., gen. -an, maytlie, Anthemis nohilis. 2. ]nlbe mase)>e, maythe, Matricaria chamomilla. 3. maytke, maythen, Anthemis cotula. 1. Chamasmelon is translated majehe, lib. xxiv. " Camemelon, magethe," Gl. Dun. " Beneolentem," Gl. Brux. p. 41 a, the distinctive mark of true chamomille. " Chomomilla, megede " blomen," a Gl. in Mone, 286 b. 2. ^ilbe mashe. Lb. II. xxii., xvild maythe, must be Avild chamomille, for I do not find that No. 3 was ever supposed to possess medicinal properties; it is therefore matricaria chamomilla. 3. The anthemis cotula is now called maythen, the final being, to speak after our grammars, derived from the termi- nation of the oblique cases ; country folk say it may be always distinguished from the true camomille by its bad smell. The glossaries agree, " Camomilla " i . camamille similis est amarusce \_read " -ae] sed camomilla herba breuis est et " redolens et amarusea i . maythe fetit " [foetet], MS. Rawlinson,c. 707. " Herba " putida, mseS'Sa," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, line 11. "Mathers, May weed, Dogs " cammomill. Stinking cammomill, and " Dogfenel." Lyte (A.D. 1595). Perhaps the Saxons included pyrcth- rmn parthenium. These plants are so much alike that it requires much tech- nicality to distinguish them ; the artist in MS. V. took the liberty of making the flowers blue. Calmia, mayl^e, MS. Sloane, 146, with i marked. " Culmia, " magethe," Gl. Dun., whence correct Somner. Gl. p. 66 [63] b, line 6. Calmia is calamine, ore of zinc, and these glosses are blunders. Reabe ma5e]>e, anthemis tinctoria. Lb. I. Ixiv. White maythe, pyrethrum inodorum. " Bucstalmum \_read $ov(pda\/xoy'], hvit " mcgethe," Gl. Dun. ; jirintcd bucstal- inum, Gl. Brux. p. 41 a. GLOSSARY. 399 CDape, Lb. I. xxxi. 7, perhaps potentiUa as Mara, in Iceland now (Olaf Olafsens Urtagards Bok) ; the cottony potentilla will be silverweed, p. ariserina, with a/- y en tea. CDaj*c]'y)i!:, max-, fem., mashwort, the ivort in the mash tub, Lacn. Ill, Lb. IL xxiv. On the malt boiling water is poured, and allowed to stand three quarters of an hour ; the liquid is wort, or mash- wort. Braxivium atque bulita cum braseonondum ccrevisia, vert ; a Belgic Gl. in Mone, p. 304 a. COeaiih, meajxj, masc. and neut., marrow ; masc, old Dansk Margr, Lb. III. Ixx. ; neut., Germ. Mark, Lb. I. ii. 22. CDeajifC mea]i gealla, masc, gen. -an, be- longs, fi'om its bitterness implied in " gall," to gentian aceous plants, and from its habitat in marshes may be, gentiana pneumonanthe. Lb. I. xxxix. 2 ; L 1. 2. CDebo, gen, mebepej-, neut., inead. Lb. II. Hi. 1 ; II. liii. In old German, Mete, and in old Danish, Mio'Sr, are masc. Gen. Gl. Mone, p, 395 b. CDcbojjypc, fem.,gen. -e ; 1. Meadow stveet, spiraa vhnaria. " Regina prati, Germ, " Wiesenkonigin ; Dansk, Miiidurt " (Nemnich). " Melissa, medwort, regina " prati." Gl, Harl, 3388, So Gl. Bodley, 178. " Melletina," Gl. Somn. 63 b, 53. " Regina medpnrt," Gl, Harl. 978 (A,D. 1240), " Mellanna," Gl, Dun. Lb. I. xxxviii, 10, 2. Melissa officinalis, balm. " Nas- " tiirtium[h] ortolan [um] medwort," Gl. Harl, 3388. COen, masc. ? a part, a proportional part — Swedish, Man, masc. apart. Lb, I. 1. 2. The construction with a numeral admits either a plural or a singular. Meox, Meohs, neuter, muck, duny, fimus, stercus. Dsec meox is J^sec gemynb his yulan baeba, Hom, II. 408, The dung of the parable is the memory of his foul deeds. ODepce, gen. -ej-, masc, inarclw, apium. lib. xcvii., cxx, ; Gl, Somn. p. 04 a, 1 1 ; lib. cxxix. Scan mepce, parsley, Apium petrosc- linum, Gl. Brux, p'ubu mepce, wood marche, sanicle, Sanicula Europcea, a gloss in Lacn, 4, also Gl. Laud. 553, fol, 18, Gl. Ilarl. 978, which was overlooked, so that note 9, p, 35, requires correction. It is a suitable name. Lb, I. i. 15 ; I. xxxix. 2 ; I. Ixi. 2 ; III, ii. G. CDej* ? = mifC, a mess, dung. Lb. I. xxxviii, 11, Mes, stercus, fimus (Kilian), Micel lie, elephantiasis. Sona juijibon 'Su]ihylesene mib J^ajie able \>xy myclan lice)-, G.D. 210 a. Soon were smitten with " elephantinus morbus." Mylsc ? or Mylsce ? inihl, milis. Lb, I. xlii. ; II. xvi., p. 194. Gemilsceb, Lb. II. xix. XX, CDilce, masc, gen. -ej-, also -an, the milt, the spleen. Lb, JI. xxxvi. with gen.-ej* t but gen, -an, Lacn. 110; Quad. ii. 8; lib. xxxii, 6 ; and fem., Hb, xxxii. 6 ; Ivii. 1. Mynec, neut., money, moneta. Bed. 532, 1. Lb. II. XV, CDmce, fem., gen, -an, mint, mentha. Fenmmce, mentha silvestris. Lb, I, iii, 2, Ssemmce. Lb. I, xv. 4, Tunmmce, mentha sativa. Lb. I. ii. 23, CDij-cel, masc. ? basil. 1. Cfinopodium vnl- gare. In Hb. cxix., cxxxvii. eijuivalent to &Kifiov, basil. " Ocimum, mistel," Gl. Mone, p. 321 b, is a repetition not a support. " Ocimus, mistel," Gl. Dun., another echo. "Mistil, basilice," MS. Bodley, 130, on Ocimum : an inde- pendent statement. CDijtel is a deriva- tive of CDijT, muck, and the clinop. viilg. is called in German, Kleiner dost, fi'om Doste; old high g. Dosto, marjoram, and that may be compared with Dost ccenum, dirt. Cop^ mifcel, Lb. xxxvi., seems to distinguish this from the mistletoe ; a few lines lower is Acmifeel, 400 GLOSSARY. CCipcel — cont. 2. Misieltoe, viscuni album. Germ. Swed. ]\[istel, masc ; Dansk, Mistel (en). " Viscarago, mij-cilran," Gl. Soraner, p. 64 a, line 56. " Mij-celca, chamEeleon, " viscus, Cot. 175, 210." Lye. Cha- meleon is tJijTel, not mij-cel. " Mistil, " viscus," Graff, ohg. Lb. I. xxxvi. The mistle or mistletoe is propagated by being carried in the dung of birds. CDyxenplanre, fern. ? gen. -an ? Lb. I. Iviii. 4. " Morella," Gl. Sloane, 14G ; so MS. T., fol. 62 b, that is, atrupa heJhtdonnu. CTojioh, CDojia'5, a decoction^ the C^jxo. of the medical writers ; glossed careiium, Gl. Sonin. p. 62 a, 11, which is must boiled down to one third part of its htdk and sweetened. But this gloss is not quite appropriate in the first example in Lb. I. XXXV., which requires ra e'/c (efxaTos, like IxOvs anh ^efiuTos in Trallianus. Occ. Lb. I. xlviii. 2. Moraz in the Nibelunge Not., 1750, is interpreted by the Germans mulberry wine, Do schancte man den gesten .... mete moraz unte win ; tlien ivas poured out for the guests mead, moraz and wine. CDojiu, fern., gen. -an; 1, a root. 2, the root, the edible root, namely, carrot, ^avKov. Lb. I. xviii. ; L ii. 2.3, Cf. Felhmojiu, Germ. Mohre, fem. " J>is erbe " [squill] haj? a rounde more lyk to an " onyon." MS. Bodley, 536. " Ne beo}> heo nowt alie forlore, " That stumpe}> at he flesches more.'' Owl and Nightingale, 1389. (■n;c;lij-c mojui, parsnep, pastinaca sativa, Lb. I. ii. 23 ; III. viii. ^ylipc mo]iu,j'ealmopu, carrof, daiicin rariota, Lb. III. viii. Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, .33. CCojijjyjit, fem., gen. -e, " moor wort ; " the small moor wort occurs Lb. I. Iviii. 1. Somner says. Moor grasse is ros solis, that is, sundew, drosera, which grows on moist heaths. " Silver weed, CDojij'yjJt — cont. " or cotton grass " (Nemnich), that is, potentilla anserina or erioforum. The German interpreters of St. Ililde- gard make it the Parnassia palustris. Muc^j'yjic, Hb. art. xiii., artemisia Pontica. See Aazeiger fiir Kunde teutscher Vor- zeit, 1835. CDujijia, fem., gen. -an.? cicely, myrrhis odorata. Lb. I. i. Mvppis, ol Si- (.vlippav KaKovffiv, Dioskor. lib. iv. c. 116, which is " scandix odorata " (Sprengel), now named as above. N. Xatbjie pypc, fem., gen. in -e, addcrwort, /tuh/gonum bistorla. In Hb. vi. ntebjie- ]iy]ic = viperina. Our adderworls are those plants which resemble an irritated snake raising its head, the ofioglosmm vulgatum, the arum macidatum, the poly- ijonum bistorta. In MS. G., the German gloss is " Naterwurc," and the German Natterwurz may be polygonum bistorla, or provincially sedum, or again provin- cially cchium vulgare. (Adelung). We are therefore to conclude that the two glossators, agreeing, made the herb p. bistorta. The figures in MSS. V., A., G., T. have much the appearance of alisma plantago. In MS. Bodley, 130, the figure and gloss are " Sowethistell." From MS. G. fol. 8 a, the Germans called the Satirion orchis " Natarwure," which must be applied to enlarge Adelung. NfEfC, a fawn skin ; a piece of fawn shin. Lb. I. ii. 20 ; I. xxxix. 3. " Ne])ris," Gl. Cleop., that is, vejSpis, and support is had from Gl. Somn., p. 61 a, line 27. So Gl. Jul. If we take nebris for a piece of soft leather, as a " tripskin," a " ryb.skin," it comes to the same at last. Naii'c in the Lib. Med. corresponds to " I'ha'uicium " in Marcellus. GLOSSARY. 401 Napa, 7iever, Lb. II. xli. Ne, not + Apa, ever. Neahc nef-ij;, fanting for a night, tvilh fast unbroken ; see Lb. II. Ixv. 5, and II. vii. at beginning. Necle, fem., geu. -an, nettle, nrtica. fio micle j'0]i)ji5 nerle, ?/. dioica. Lb. I. xlvii. Neupij-ne, ace, a disease. Lb. I. lix. and contents. Nepe)-eo)>a, Nu-, masc, gen. -an, that part of the belli/ which lies between the navel and the sliare or pubes, the pit of the belly. Lb. II. xxxvi., xxxi., xvii. and contents, xlvi. " Hium," Gl. M.M., p. 137 b, 15. o. Oyepjryllo, neut., overflow, overfilling, spuma vas coronans. Lb. I. li. Ojejij'sepij-c, from over sea, transmarinus. Lb. I. vi. 6. M.H.lOOa. Tlie reading Opepfsepii'c is not in the MS. nor agree- able to analogy. Opiec, (gen. prob. -e)-), a close vessel. In Lb. I. ii. 11, oynece translates " vas- " culo clause vel operto." The word may be connected with 0}en, overt ; the K\iPavos -was a close vessel covered up in the hot embers, and an oven at the same time. 0)')-cot;en, properly badly wounded by a shot, but specially used, Lb. I. Ixxxviii. 2., II. Ixv. i., for elf shot, the Scottish term, that is, dangerously distended by greedy devouring of green food. It is spoken of cattle ; sheep are very subject to it, if they get into a clover field at full freedom. " The disease consists in " an overdistension of the first stomach, " from the swelling up of clover and '•' grass, when eaten with the morning " dew on it." VOL. II. Ojjcoren — cont. Next you'll a warlock turn, in air you'll ride. Upon a broom, and travel on the tide ; Or on a black cat mid the tempests prance In stormy nights beyond the sea to France ; Drive down the barns and byars, prevent our sleep, Elfshoot our ky, and sraoor mang drift our sheep. Falls of Clyde, p. 12U. The approved cure is to chafe the parts affected with a blue bonnet. The bas- ting is performed for an hour without intermission, by means of blue bonnets. The herds of Clydesdale, I am assured, would not trust to any other instru- ment in chafing the animal." Jamie- son in Elfshot, and Suppl. " When " cattle are swollen they are said to be degbowed. I have fi'equently known " a farmer strike a sharp knife through the skin, between the ribs and the " hips, when the cow felt immediate " relief from the escape of air through " the orifice, so that the distended car- " case instantly collapsed, and the ex- crements blown with great violence to the roof of the cow house." Carrs Craven Gl. " Deggbound, mightily " swelled in the belly." Yorkshire dialogue, Gl. 1697, A.D. Ome ? -an ; fem. ? corrupt humour, es- pecially gastric, the pituita of the medical and classical authors ; also Erysipelas, the external symptom of such a humour. Lb. I. xxxv. Dat. pk Omum ; gen. pi. Omena. The analogy of the Islandic suggests a feminine form. Ompjie, fem., gen. -an, dock, rumex; the German Ampfer, masc, dock, rumex. " Rodinaps, ompre, docce," Gl. Mone, p. .322 a. " Cocilus,' Gl, Cleop. If KavKaXis, not likely. Of the Omppe, that will swim, see Docce, Lb. I. viii. 2 ; III. xxvi. Lacn, 23. C C 402 GLOSSARY Onyealle, fellon. Lb. I. xxxix., xli., obi. cas., from the contents. On]ied, gen. -es, some wort ; herba quaj- dam. Lb. L xl. i. ; IL lii. 1. Onrpjiengan, to administer a clyster. Lb. 1. iv. 6. From Spjimg, a gush of water, hence, a lavement, a sousing, a washing, a KXvffjxds. Onji8&p ? unripe. Lb. I. ii. 14. Opa)-, Quad. viii. 6, plural of Hojih. Oxan)-lyppe? fem. ? gen. -an, oxlip, primula elatior. Lb. I. ii. 15. Oxnalib, neut, ? oxheal, Hellehorus fatidus and H. viridis (Cotgrave in Ellebore). Oleotropius, Gl. Dun. Lb. L xxxii. 2. ; L x. P. Pic, gen. -es, neut, pitch, pix. Lb. I. xxxviii. 9 ; II. xli. ; III. xv. Pipop, gen. -es, masc, pepper, piper; Lb.IL vii. Poc, gen. pocces, masc, a pock, pustula ut in variola. Lb. I. xl. Punb, gen. -es, neut.; 1. a pound, as Lexx. 2. a pint. Lb. II. Ixvii. So " Norma, " paetep punb," Gl. Somn. p. G8 b, 11., that is, a pound of water is a pint of water, and a pint of water is a pint for all liquids. Puj-lian, to pick out the best hits, optima qnacpie legere. Lb. III. Ixix. " Peuse- " len, (among kindred senses) summis " digitis varia cibaria carpere," (Kilian). R Rsesejieofe, fem., Lb. XL xxxi. ; also Raegepeosa, masc, Lb. I. Ixxi. ; pi. -an ; the two ridges of muscles on cither side of the spine up and down the back. " Pissli, Rseg e] 1 eof en — con t. " reosan," Gl. Mone, p. 321 b. ult. Pissli is a contraction of Paxilli ; simi- larly " Peysel, pieu, echalas" Roque- fort. But, as we know from Cicero, Paxillus was also contracted into Palus, and these muscles were called Pala?, like Pala, stipes, palus, in Du Cange. " Rugge — bratun, pahe, sunt dorsi dex- " tra Iffivaque eminentia membra," Gl. Hoffmann. " Palsc Ugutioni 'Dorsi " ' dextra Isevaque eminentia membra, " ' dicta sic, quia in luctando eas pre- " ' mimus, quia luctari vel luctam " ' Gra3ci dicunt Palim.' ' Palai sunt " ' dorsi dextra laevaque eminentia " ' membra ; dicta quod in luctando *' ' eas pi'emimus, quod Grseci traXaUiv " ' dicunt.' Isidorus," and so on (Du Cange). The sense suits the passages where jisegeiieoj-an occurs, Lb. I. Ixxi., Ixxxi. ; II. xxxi, " Pala;, j;e]'culb)je," Gl. Somn. p. 71 a, 44, the shoulder blades, and in this sense the dictionary to Cajlius Aurelianus, who often uses the word, understands it. •' Pala;, ricgrible," Gl. Mone, p. 317 b. Raej) ? row, ordo, series: dat. jiaepe, CD. vol. iii. p. XXV. ; ace. jisej'e. Lb. II. xxxiii ; also Gl. in Lye. Rasa, Rage, lichen, X^ixh^. Lb. I. xxxviii. 8 ; I. Ixviii. Ra^u ~i meo]-, Deuteron. xxviii. 42, neither word is used therewith precision. The Gl. give Massiclum, Mossidum, which are formatives of our Moss, lichen being considered a sort of moss. Ramgealla, masc, gen. -an, " ramgalV From the name gall, no doubt a gentia- naceous plant ; said Lb. I. Ii. to be par- ticoloured. This description answers to Menyanthes trifoliata, which is very bitter and much administered by herb doctors. (Sir J. E. Smith.) Renbpian, I presume to be the still current Render, applied to suet. Suet is full of films, thin membranes, with some other GLOSSARY. 403 Renhpian— co?«<. not fatty substances ; to render it, is to make it homogeneous by melting. The word may be a derivative of Hrein, clean. Gejienbjnan is applied to elm- rind, Lb. I. XXV. 2. ; to the black alder, I. XV. 4. Rengpyjim, Ren-p., RsEng-p. Sec j^yjnn. Rib, neut., a rib. Lb. II. xlvi. S.S. p. 198, U. Ribbe, gen. -an, fern. ? ribwort, plantago lanceolata. lib. xxviii. Lb. 1. 11. 22. Ryben ; i> jieabe jiyben. Lb. III. xlviii. Rinb, gen. — e, fem. ; rind, cortex. Lb. I. xxxvili. 5, 6. ; II. Ixv. 2, and often. Horn. II. 8 and 114. Lyes quotation ■was false. Lb. I. xlv. 5, and the more recent deduction from him. Ri)'oba, rheum, pivfxaTiafj.6s, a flowing. Lb. lix. 7. .S'ee Brem. Worth, p. 502. 4. Rop, masc, gen. jioppes, the colon, tvide inteatine. Lb. II. xxxi. often. Ror, neut., scum, spuma, reiecfamentum. Lb. II. XX. as Hpot. Rube, fem., gen. -an, rue, Hutu graveo- Icns. Foreign, but adopted. J7ilbe juibe, Lb. I. ii. 1, Is foreign, but a garden herb, Peganum harmala. Rubraohn, read Rubniohn, Lb. III. Iviii., a Norse word signifying Bed stalked, from jio'S, red, nioll stalk. It is said, to grow by running water ; and it is Poly- gonum hydropiper, called Redshanks or Water pepper in Bailey's dictionary. Run, gen. -e, secret, heathen mystery, arcanum quid,'Byr. 363. Leob pune, gen. -an, fem., the sanic, idem. Lb. I. Ixiv. s. Sse)>e]iie, Su^ejiige, fem., gen. -an, savory, safureia hortensis. The interpretation, " Satirlon," Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 16, is an evident error. Savory is in England a garden plant, and retains its foreign Saej^epie — conf, name. All the orcliis tribe are " bal- " loc " worts. Lb. III. xii. 2. Sajj, gen. -es, neut. everywhere : See ace. Sapan, Lb. II. xxviii. It is also, as Sio sap, sometimes put for Sio sojih ; Bw. 49, 29. So G.D. 201 b. C.E. 134, line 23. Sajicjien, disposed to soreness. Lb. II. 1. 1. There is no corresponding word in the Hellenic text ; this Is epexegetical, and must be interpreted accordingly. Scapu, fem., gen. -e, the share, that is, the puhes. Lb. II. xxxi, xxxii. It is a word well known to those who have heard pure English spoken, and is neither " Ilium " nor " Penis " nor " Alvus," but something near each of those. The books generally make a confusion, but Sharebone is always, I think, Os pubis. See a quotation in Halliwell, but strike out " of a man." Compare also Peuil, pubes, with Penul, a schare, in Garlande and Biblesworth, p. 121, p. 148. Sceaban, prset. Sceab, p. part. Sceaben, to shed, let fall ; also intransitively fall ; i?ifundere, inspergere. Lb. I. ii. 23. ; L Ixi. 2.; ILiii. Hb. ii. 6. Cf. Lye, Sceban. iEj-ceba, migma, Gl. in Lye, which is doubtless to be imderstood as the substantive of 'ATroixvTTfaBas, Emungi. Sceapen, adj., of sheep, ovimis. Lb. I. Iviil. Scea)X);lian, to scrape, radere. lib. Ixxxi. 5. The L Is frequentative. f Sceajipan, prget. f Sceapp, scrape, es- pecially scrape herbs fine. Gej-ceapp, lib. Ivii. 1. The same in substance as Sceajipan, Hb. 1. 2. Sceajipe, fem., gen. -an, a scarification, incisura in cute. Lb. I. Ivl.; I. xxxv. Sceappian, to scarify, in. superficie ccedere. Lb. I. xxxii. 2. Sceopjran, to scarify, rodere, mordcre. Scypf'5, Scyjiyenbiun, Lb. I. xvlli. pa. gaepj-ci^af T J^a pyptjiuraan fceojifenbe paepon, O.T. 270, line 32, began gnawing the grass sprouts and the roots. c c 2 404. GLOSSARY. Scmlac, gen. -es, neut., cpi apparition, visum ; gen. Gl. Mone, p. 402 b. ; jieaylaces, Matth. xxiii. 25. Boat. p. 55, 7 ; accus. aeni5 j'cmlac, Quad. x. 1 ; plur. -lacu, SMD. 27 b ; constr. neuter, DD. 437 foot, M.Sp. 8, plur. Scmlac, Quad. ix. 1. But see lyblacas, DD. 344. Scycel, dxtny, from Scitan. Quadr. iii. 14, xi. 13. Sec the passages, where Somners notion of testiculus would require some drying process not mentioned. Scjimiman, to shrink, a synonym of Scjun- can. Lb. I. xxvi., contents. " Skrim- " pen, adj. som vrider eller undslaaer " sig for Arbeide, som er meget kiselen " eller emtaalig," Molbech, 07ie ivho flindies from work, etc. Cf Shrammed, chilled (pinched with cold, O.C.) Wilts. Scrimd ; Devon, (heard by myself). Scpu)-, Gej'ceojiy, neut., scurf. Lb. II. XXXV, lib. clxxxi. 3. Seaban, Sea'San, a feeling as if the cavity of the body were full of water swaying about, KKvSooves, unduJationes, Lb. I. xiv. Sealh, Sealh, masc, gen. -ej*, the sallow, salic-em, salix, of which seventy Eng- lish sorts are reckoned. The termination of the gen. shows the word is not fern., and few names of trees are neuter. Red Sallow, Lacn. 89, Salix rubra. See also S. repens, of Smith. Seaji, neut., gen. -ej-, juice. Hb. v. 2. Lb. I. ii. 14, and frequently. Sees, masc, gen. -ej*, sedge; '^ car ex, " gladiolus," Gl. in Lye ; masc. Lb. I. xxiii. ; gen. I. xxxix. )>omopj-ecs, " hammer sedge." Lb. I. Ivi. 2. Homop is probably a bird, as in yellow hammer. " Scorellus, omem" Gl. C. Emberiza. Of. clobhameji, Gl. Mone, 315 a; also Gl. Dief. Reab sees, " red sedge," Lb. I. xxxix. Selyaere, gen. -a.n,uvcnafatua? wild oat? Lb. I. xxxiii. 2 ; III. viii., and perhaps by emendation for yeaXy ajcan, Lb. I. xlvii. 2. f Sengian, singe ; see Bej'ensian ; ohg. Sengjan, Biseugjan, and Bij-eng is what grammarians would have end in a vowel. Sybe, masc, decoction, a.e, ever easy ; j-in-ehju', Lb. II. xlvi. Sinjulle, gen. -an, Iiouselcck, Scrnpcrvlvum tectorum. The syllabic sm like sera in Semper, means always; as also in Sm- Sjiene. Smj-ulle is Sempervivum, Hb. ex XV. That herb is drawn in MS. V., explained, as the green pigment has left only the external cast in the vellum, by MS. A., and in MS. G., where it is glossed " hufwurc," that is, Ilauswurz, and in MS. T. These all point the same way. Singreen seems only a more generic tcmi, in later times, but " The mickle " sinfulle," Lb. II. xxxiv., shows that this term also in early times would in- clude Sedums, as S. Telephium, Lb. I. iii. 11. Sm^jiene, fern., gen. -an, siiujreen, any sort of Sedum, with sempervivum tecto- rum, literally always green. Hb. Ixxxvi. " Sedo magno, Ilouseleeke or Sen- " greene," Florio. " Joubarbe, House- " leek, Sengreen, Aygreen, etc." Cot- grave. In Hb. xlix. = Temolus, that is, Moly, the Homei'ic fxUXv, a garlic, Allium moly. In Dansk. the evergreen periwinkle, Vinca. pa. j-malan pngjienan, Lb. I. viii. 2, shows that Singreen was a gene- ric name. " Colatidis," also " Temolus " vel titemallos," Gl. Dun. " Temolus," Hb. xlix., saying the root is bulbous, drawing it large, and with leaves and stem in MS. V., like Pinguicula vulgaris (II.), with no resemblance to Vinca. Smtjiaenbel, masc. ? a bolus, "■ tiirundula," Lat. Hb. xiv. 2. Sm, as in Smepealc, round; T]ienbel has a masc. termina- tion. Slajiie ? gen. -an. Salvia sclareu. Lb. I. XV. 5. Slecgecan, palpitate with strong beats, Lb. II. xxvii ; from Slecse, a sledge hammer, and the fre(iucntative termination -ecan, -etcan. Slype ? gen. -an, a viscid or sloppy sub- stance. Masc. Lb. I. i. 6. Fem. Lacn. Slype — cnnt. 40. Cf. Slipis. Of. Cu slyppan, Oxan slyppan. Smegapyjim, Smoega -, Smea-, masc, gen -ef. Lb. I. liii. ; III. xxxix., a worm or insect that penetrates, that eats its way, a Imrroiving insect; cf. Norse, Smjuga, 1. irrepere, 2. penetrarc, E. Smut;an, to • creep, Smyj;elai-, cuniculi, conies or their burrows. Somn. Gl. M.M. Smepoj'vjic, 1. Aristolochia rotunda, for- eign, and A. c/e;wai/i!w,English. Hb. xx., Lb. III. xlvii., with several glossaries and MSS., Gl. Dun., Gl. Harl. 3388, Gl. Sloane, 5. A. longa, Gl. Sloane, 405. 2. Mercurialis, Gl. Kawl. C. 607. Gl. Harl. 3388 in margin. G. de Bibles- worth, p. 162. Gl. Sloane, T), fol. 34. Gl. Sloane, 135. 3. From the qualities, Pinguicula, butterivort. Smican, to simidgc, illincre. Lb. I. xxxi. 3 ; related to modern Smut ; in Lye Smitca. Snseb, fem. gen. -e, a bolus, a morsel, Lacn. 81. Lb. I. XV. 6 ; L Iii. 3 ; 11. Ixiv. ; III. Ixii. p. 348 ; III. Ixv. Seo snaeh, Horn. IL 272. S.S. p. 169, line 809. But Sa snffibas, CD. 207. Soj;o'5a, gen. -an, corrupt humour, pituita with hiccup, hicket, sobbing, Xvyixds, sin- gultus, Hb. xc. 11 ; Lb. I. ii. 1 ; II. xxxix., where the original is fiiTo. Se ravra Av^ovnri. Alex. Trail, p. 480, ed. Basil. From Sujan. JElj)-oj;o'iSa, elvish hiccup, the same thing gone to a frightful extreme. Thus Trdi/ra yap c-7roirj(ra Tavra Kal tizl /xeyaAov \vyi.Lov -roaoiiTOV, ws vttovouv kKrhs K\iv7)s ii^dWeadai rhv KaixvovTa. Alex. Trail, p. 121, ed. Paris. = lib. vii. 15, in an instance of so strong a hiccup that wc supposed the patient ivas springing out of bed. Lb. III. ixii. p. 348. Solo)-ece, Heliotropium Europceum. lib. Ixxvi. Sprengel says that by Solse- quium, Charlemagne understood lI.E. as above. 40G GLOSSARY. Soppigan, to sop, to dip in liquid. Lb. II. XXX. 1. Cf. Soppcuppe, fem., CD. 593, 685, 721. SpEECan, to syringe, spout, aquam proiieere ; Lb. II. xxii. p. 208 ult., -where the sense hardly admits spuerc. " Spoyte, spriitzen, " sprenken, so auch Siiddiin." Outzen. Spejie J'yjit, 1. Ranunculus Jiavimula. " Flamula . i . sper wortt or launsele, this " erbe is schapyn as hit wer a sper all " so . and in the crope of Jjc stalk " commys aut mony smale branches •*'t " hit has a whyte floure, "t hit groys in " waters." MS. Bodl. 536. The flower is yellow. " Elammula, anglice spere- " wort," MS. Rawl. C. 607, similarly C. 506, Harl. 3388, and again adding " lanceola," id. " fflamula minor. Las " sper wort hauith leuis shapid like a " spere," Gl. Sloane, 5, fol. 32 c. GL Sloane, 405. 2. Inula Helenium, Hb. xcvii. and Gl. Harl. 978, make spearwort Inula campana = Inula Helenium, Bot. Gl. Dun. perhaps copies Hb. Gl. Brux. agrees. MSS. V., G., A. draw spears springing from a root. In MS. Bodl. 130, is an explanation, Centaurea, and a gloss in a hand of the 14th century, " Sperewert." The Gen- taurea Cyanus is so far like Inula H., that it may be mistaken in a di'awing. " Policaria minor," Gl. Harl. 3388. 3. Carex acuta, Germ. Spiessgras, is probably meant in the following, " Fla- " mula mynor . i . sperworte thys erbe " has smale leuys lyke to grase, bot hit " {omit hit) schape as hit were a speyi' . " and growes in feldys," MS. Bodl. 536. 4. f Brassica rapa, turnep, " Nap " silvatica [rw/Napus silvaticus'] ypepe- " pypc," Gl. Somn. p. 64 a, 16. This must be rejected. Spican, spices, Latinism ? species. Lb. II. Ixiv., contents. Sppaccn, neut. ? bey'ry bearing alder, Bhumnus frangula. Lb. I. xv. 4., xxiii. Spjiacen — cont. Germ., Spreckenholz, Sporkenholz ; Dutch, Sporkenhout ; Dansk., Spregner; Swed. dial., Sprakved. " Apeletuni," Gl. Cleop. for alnetum, misunderstood as alnus nigra. Sppms pyjit, fem., gen. in -e, "spring- " wort," Euphorbia latliyris. " Sprincwrz, " lactaridia. al. lactariola vel. citocasia," Gl. Hoffin. Graff, vol. i. col. 1051. "Cra- " pucia [read cataputia'] springwort," a Gl. in Mone, p. 287 a. Lb. I. xxxix. 2. ScaB>]»y]ic, fem, gen. -e, " staithwort ; " if we choose the commonest of the sea- shore plants it will be Statice, compre- hending thrift and sea lavender. Lb. I. xxsii. 3. " Aster atticus," Somner, but why? Scanbseh, neut., a vapour hath, contrived by heating " stones " that would not fly, and pouring on water. Lb. I. xli. Stebe, masc, strangury, " stranguria," Lat. of Quad. ii. 15., viii. 11. Radically; the being stationary, still standing; as in Sunnstebe, solstice. So Naj]»on hme heopba jTebige, Gen. xxxi. 38., thi?ie herds were not barren. Scemp, stamp, Leechd. vol. I. p. 378. Scicce, neut., sticky stuff, viscid fluid ; Lb. I. xxxix. 2. Soice, fem., gen. -e, a pricking sensation, a stitch, a stab ; Quad. xiii. 10. Insrice, Lb. n. liv. Ixiv. contents. All cited passages have this declension. Sc]iBel])y]JC, fem., gen. -e, the commonest club moss, Lycopodium clavatum. " Cal- " litrichon," MS. ap. Somn., but in this term were included the club mosses. S-]JSel as arroiv, may have given name to this moss, as the stems look like arrows with the feathers up and the heads in the ground. Were it not for this gl. we might interpret Galium verum, from Scjia;!, bed; our ladys bed straw. Scjieap, Stjieo]', straw, neuter in Lb. I. iii. 12. Rushw. Matth. vii. 3. (streu), is masc. Ai5o|. 46. GLOSSARY. 407 SuKau, to moisten, maccrare, madefucerc, KyS'S, lib. XXXV. 3 ; p. part. SoSen, as appears by yoj;o'5a, Foji]-oj;en; cf. Socian in Lexx. ; also Isl. Soggr, madulun, Lb. 11. XV. Da yojjjjoteban punbe j-u^e -j clsen- jnge, P.A. 24 b. Moisten and cleanse the putrijied woiind. Asogen. C.E. 373. 1. 19. Sunbcojm, gen. -ef, neut., Saxifraya gra- nulata. Sunbcojin,Hb. xcix. is saxifraga, and the statement is accompanied by a remarkable drawing, represented in the fac simile to Leechdoms, vol. I. ; see pref. Ixxix. The word co]in itself, as signify- ing ^r«e«, assists our detennination of the herb. In the Latin Apuleius, MS. Bodley, 130, a gloss is " Sundcorn." MS. A. fol. 45 b, has also a portion of earths surface, but figures the herb above ground, not quite correctly. '" Saxifrigia, sundcorn," Gl. Dun. The same gl. in the MS. Lacn. 18, where fifteen grains are men- tioned in the text. So Gl. Mone, p. 442 a. 2. Lithospermon ofiicinale, lib. clxxx. It appears by a glossary in Anzeiger fur Kunde der teutscher Vorzeit. 1835, col. 247, that the false readings meant funnan cojm, Milium soHs, which must be taken as an emendation of the text. Sujie, fern., gen. -an, sorrel, Unme.v Ace- tosa, also Oxalis. Geace]- )'U]ie, cuckoos sorrel, Oxalis Acctosella. Monne)- j'ujie, Mtimex Acetosa. Lb. Lli. SupmelfC, sourish, sour sweet. Lb. II. i. " Malus matranus, j-ujimelyc apulbeji/' Gl. Somn., p. 64 b, 48 ; correct Malus matiana, )*U]ime])'C apulbjae ; the crab tree. " Maciana . i . mala siluestria," Gl. Harl. 3388. " Mala maciana, po- " mum siluestre, wode crabbis," id. So Dorsten, Gl. Mone, p. 290 a. Melpc is a separate word, " Melarium, milj-c " apulbii." Gl.M.M.p. 159 a, 27, pro- bably for mel-ij-c, formed on Mel, honey, which therefore appears genuine English, as in Melj-eocel, Melbeap, St. Marh. Gl., Sujimelj-c — conl. not hibrid words ; related to Mebu, mead, SSpp. art. 511. Spane pyjic, fem., gen. -e. Lb. I. xxxi. 7. Spac, gen. -es. 1. sweat. 2. blood. 3. hjdromel. Hid. 22 a. The gender has been given only from other Teutonic languages, as masc. ; but in Lacn. Ill, spa iSa spat beo'5 mij-j-enlicu, us the siveats are various, the form makes it neuter. Dutch Zweet, neut ; Isl. Sveiti ; Germ. Schweiss ; Swedish Svett, masc. Specie)- ajppel ; Lib. I. ii. 12, also 21 ; I, xiv., I. xxiii. The receipt Lb. I. ii, 12, pepper, salt, wine, and swails apple, corresponds with the following words of Alex. Trail., p. 48, line 4, ed. 1548. 'AKhs ajx^wviaKov (our author often solves his difiiculties by omission) To d, lanb luib to ceagenne :• Da )> lanb Sa geteab ]>sej'. Beda, 605, 33. Cu'Sbertht requested some husbandry tools wherewith to till the land; so lohen the land ivas prepared. prset. teobe, CE. 335, 1. 16, 336, 1, 4. Tajju, Teapo, neut., gen. -oy ; tar, gum, dis- tillation from a tree; wax in the ear; neut., Lb. I. xlv. 3, I. liv., I. Ixi. 1, also makes tapan, masc, Lb. III. sxvi., xxxi. Jpone teap, Lacn. 3. Geclsem ealle j>a seamas mid tjTwan, Horn. I. 20, calk all the seams Willi tar. SoGen.vi.l4. Typj^an ]-op peallum. Gen. xi. 3. Gej'opht oy rigf Ian . t o): eop'Scypepan, OT. 304, 1 2, wrought of tiles, thin bricks, such as the Komans made, and bitumen. Telgjia, masc, gen. -an, branch, ramus, Quad. i. 7. Sume }>onne sneddun tel- gran of treowum, Matth. xxi. 8, Rush- worth, ed K. Teon, prset . teah, p.p. togcn, draw,ducere. The translation of getogen. Quad. vi. 11, as tightened, is justified by the context and by the following example. A monk calls on the devil to untie his sandals, and the devil does so : then the monk is frightened and backs out, but '5a gepune- bon ^'a hpanga)" on micelum bsele onto- gene T onli'Sobe ; GD. 217 a., the thongs remained in great part untightened and eased. Tetjia, Lb. II. xxx., appears to be an error for Teteji, masc, tetter, impetigo. Hecj'S tetep on his hchoman, P. A. 15 b., hath tetter on his body. Se teteji butan pape he opepSse'S ealne Sone lichoman, ibid., " Impetigo quippe sine dolore corpus " occupat." So Sc 46 a. The glL, Quad. ii. 10, Hb. xlvi. 6, cxxii. Tipe, fern? bitch; Isl. Tik, bitch, fern. Dansk. Ta;vc, bitch. Lb. II. Ix. contents. Tyjibelu, Typblu, pi., Utile lords, tredles ; the droppings of sheep are called sheeps tredles in Somerset, trattles in Suffolk, Sec Moor Gl. ; further. Tridlins : Craven Gl. Lb. I. xxxi. 4, II. lix. 6, etc. Tosecte'S, there are tuggings, spasms. Lb. 1. XXV. Top begete, hard gotten, Lb. 1. xlv. 5. The expression goes to mark a Dansk admixture in the Lb. Cf. Torpenginn, hard to get, in the Laws of Magnus the law mender ; Nu ap Jjvi at vinno menn ero miijk torfengnir i hera'Si, oc allir vilia nil i kaupferdir fara. Kaupa B61kr.« 23, Now since men fur labour are very hard to get in the country, and all will now go a trading. Tor, with o long, is fre- quent in later English, " It were tor for " to telle al here atyr riche," William and Werwolf, fol. 21 ; "It were toor for " to telle treuli al J>e so>e," id. fol. 75, with the notes. GLOSSARY. 409 Tojib, a piece of duiKj, stercus conformatiun ; neut., Lb, L xlviii. 2 ; L Ixxii. ; III. xxxviii. Quad. vi. 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, Lacn. Tojinige, blear eyed, with eyes inflamed and full of acrid tears. Hb. xvi, 3, "ad " lippitudinem oculorum," Lat. Hb. liv. 1, "ad epiphoras oculorum," Lat., that is, excess of lacrymose humour. A compound of cyjian, and eaje, To'S, tooth, dens, makes dat. sing, tot'e, Lb. III. iv,, but reh, Exod xxi. 24, and nom. pi. ■ce\>, Lb. III. iv., but co>as, G'5. 34, SS. 141, ace. pi. ce'S, Lb. I. vi. .5. Tohsap, a toothpick. Lb. I. ii. 22.' Gaji is not a weapon originally, but alxM, some- thing at an acute angle, as in the Gore of a gown. See jajia, Cod. Dipl. vol. iii. Tpis, neut., a trough, Lb, III. xlviii. pjnxh, another form of the same word, is fern, in all the examples cited by Lye ; is neut. in C. D. 118, A.D. 770. Bibbenbe anej- lyclej- tpojej-, OT. 312, 32, Beg- (jing for a little boat. Tulge, root of tongue, Lb. I. xlii., there is no notion of flesh, or muscle, or hypo- glottis. It is Gothic, Tulgus, iSpaios, arepeos. Gothic, TulgiSa, fem. hxvpu^a, affcpaXiia, e5paiw/.La. Tun5il]nnpy]it:,fem.,gen. -e, white hellebore? Veratrum album, for it seems probable enough, that Tunj-ingijypt, Hb. cxl, and Gl. Dun., is a contraction of this older form. Lb. I. xlvii. 3. Tjiaebe, two parts in three ; Lb. III. ii, 1 . ; III. X., xiii., xxxix. Tjnmht, downy ; from T]>in byssus, Gl. Lb. I. xxxi. 7. V- j/sejic, masc, gen. -ej-, wark,pain. Wark, in compounds at least, is in most of the modern gl. Dansk. Wscrk, pain. Isl. Verkr., masc. Occurs masc. Lb. I. iv. 2 ; II. xlvi. 1. Also p'eojice, ^eojic, ]7]iEec. J7a;jic — cont. See Pref. vol. I. p. xcvi. Not to be con- founded with ^eopc, rvorh, neuter. The feminine article in Lb, II, xlvi. 1, for sidewark, is an error, it is masc. in the next four lines ; such errors occurred by attraction, for pbe is feminine, ^sepcan, be in pain. Lb. III. xviii. ]78ece]ibolla, masc, gen. -an, dropsy, dropsi- cal humour, vSpooxp vSepos, Lb. I. xxxix. vSepiK^I irapeyxvcns, Lb. II. xxi., OCC. I. xliii, J7aste)ipypc, fem., gen, in -e, waterivort, Callitriche verna. In Hb. xlviii, water- wort is made Callitriche, and we may perhaps trust our botanists in their own science for this herb. The figure in MS. V. is such that it resembles Eapha- uus raphanistrum stripped of leaves (H). " Waterwort Callitriche verna" (Nem- nich). Sir W, Hooker says Water star wort. ]78ecla,masc., gen. -an, a cloth. Lb. II. xxii. J7apan, wave, iactare. Lb. III. xviii. J7ah, in pahmela, Lb. II. Iii. fnc, ohg. Wahi, mhg, Waeke, subtilis, expolilus, venustus, kiinstlich, fem. schon. ]7ealpypt, fem., gen. -e, tcallwort, dwarf elder, Samhucus ebulus, Hb. xciii, ; but Intuba, endive, intubus, Gl, Cleop. fol. 53 d. ]7ea]i, masc, boivl; Lb. II. xxi v., the same as )>pe]i=N'oi"se Hverr, masc. It trans- lates uter, a waterskin, Paris Psalter, Ps. cxviii. 83, ^ea]i, masc, pi. ]'ea]ipas, a hard pimple on the face ; a hardened callosity ,- varus. " Vari parvi ac duri sunt circa facieni " tumores." Paul. iEgin., col. 444 A, Lb. I. Ixxiv. J7ea]i5-, p'eajihbjieebe, gen. -an, fem ?, a ivide spread warty eruption, Hb. ii. 18, " ulcus," Lat. XX. 8; " carcinoma," Lat. Lb. I. xxxiv. ^ece, ivcak, debilis. Lb. II. Iii. 1 ; J7ace, DD. p. 425 vi. Without the final vowel, Gl. E. 115 ; Sc 10 b ; Boct. p. 176 a ; Csedm. (if Csedm.), 154, 20 MS. 410 GLOSSARY. J7ebe, mad, furious, phreniticus, indeclin- able in Hb. i. 25, in contents see var. lect. ii. 21, contents iv. 10, xxxvii. 5, etc. Lb. I. Ixix. ]7esb]i8ebe, fera., gen. -an, properly " way- " broad," but called waybread; 1. Plan- tago maior; 2. )-eo pupe pegbjiBebe, plantago media, it it hoary, hirsute, lib. ii.. Lb. n. Ixv., etc. ]7en5e, j^sense, f anje, neut, gen. -an, cheek, Lucca; Matth. v. 39 ; Luke v. 29 ; Lb. L i. 8, 10 ; III. xlvii. ; Horn. IL 180. And him 'Sa pongan bjiice'S, S.S. 140. j7cnn, ]7en, a wen, masc, pi. pennas. Lb. I. Iviii, ; III. XXX. ; Lacn. 12. J7enpy]ic, fem., gen. -e ; " wenwort," is of sorts: — 1. cluphc, or cloved ; Lb. I. Iviii., II. Ii. 3. 2. cneoehce, kneed ; id. I. Ixvi. Wenwort must be so called from curing ■wens ; for wens are good, says Salmon, " Alexander, Archangel, Asarabacca, " Celandine, Chickweed, Coriander, " Crow foot, Cresses, Darnel, Endive, " Figwort, Laser wort, Lentils, Melilot, " Purslane, Thorowwax, Turnsole, " Wound wort." Among these, for 1, Eununculus ucris, as crow foot, Eanun- culus Jicaria, as the lesser celandine, and for 2, Darnel, Lolium temulentum, are the most likely. j7ejimob, gen. -es, masc, wormwood, Arte- misia absinthium. Lb. II. xxii., Ixv. 5 ; III. iii. 2, xxxi. Se ]ula j'ejxmob, Anthemis coiula ? Lb. III. viii. ]7ice, imjch elm, Ulmus mordana, occ. Lb. 1. xxxvi. Declension and gender unas- certained. p'lpel, raasc, a beetle. Lb. III. xviii. To]ib]iij:el, Scarabaus stercorarius, Linn. Geotrupes, others Lb. III. xviii. It feeds on and lays its eggs in dung. }7ilbe (with final vowel), wild, silvestris- f ilbe apra. Gl. K. 21. (Lye inexact), pilbe bap. Gl. It. 20. (Lye inexact). ]7ilbe oxa. Gl. R. 19, which has also pilbe cynnep hopp. 20. pilbe cyjijet. ^ilbe — cont. Gl. E. 39, but pilb, 44. j7ilbe popig. G1.R.41. Hpicpilbepinseapb. G1.R.39. J7ilbe laccuce. Gl. R. 44. (Lye inexact). filbe neep. Gl. R. 42 and 44. (Lye inexact), yilbe prngejib. Gl. R. 39. J7ilbe pyp. Gl. R. 11. (Lye inexact). To some of Lyes quotations are attached no references. j7ilbbeo)i is a compound, sometimes written pilbeop, and the geni- tive plural is pilbbeopa. The separate words are found Nan pilbe beoji. Hom. I. 486. )>apa'S pilbe mob. S.S. 168, line 755, where mob is neuter. Lib. I. xxxvii. 2. Probably more examples of e dropped, than as above, may appear. Pylpen ? or -ne ? gen. -e, a she wolf, lupa. Quad. ix. 7. Germ. Wolfinn. Cf. Mynecenu. ]7yllec8eppe, -cyjipe, fem., gen. -an, fenu- greek, Trigonellafcenum grcecum, from Gl. Brux. Gl. Dun. I^mbelpcjieaji, neut., gen. -ep, windle straw, cynosurus cristalus. Lb. I. iii. 12. Jamieson. Nemnich. The expression " two edged " belongs perhaps to the spike. But Mylne (Indigenous Botany) did, and the author of the name, Par- kinson, must have understood Agrostis spica venti. j7ypm, masc, gen, -ep, any creeping thing, ivorm, snake, dragon, mite, insect, acarus, vermin. Lat. Vermis and Vermiculus. So multipedae are " many foot wormes," in Hollands Plinius. The numerous worms mentioned in the Saxon text are not all lumbrici. Anapyjim. See Ana. ]'^iinb]ij]Mn, hand worm, perhaps trans- lating Keipiai as if from Xelp. Keipiai occurs as lumbrici lati in Actios, 492 e Lb. I. 1. " Teredo, urcius, surio, Gl. in Lye. Surio, or Sirio, which is the name of the itch mite in many European lan- guages, seems to me to be only Cirio from x^'V > ^^^ ^t the same time an error for Kfipia. The lumbricus latus is l^ania solium or Bothriocefalos latus. GLOSSAKY. 411 J7y]im — cont. In Cod. Exon. p. 427, 24, it is said to be " delved," whence the translation " earth " worm " seemed justified. Smoesapypm, see letter S. Deappypm, dew worm, in Lb. I. 1., infests the feet. Een5py)im, Ren-, ringed uiorm, a kind of belly worm. Alex. Trallianus divides the worms which infest the human body into three, of which this is one. TlpSnoy Tolvvv rifias elSevai 8e7, ws rpirrdv elpriKa- (Tiv oi ira\a.w\ T(hv kKjxivOoiv elSos, fv jxkv TO ixiKpov irdvv KoX Xiirrdv, 'o KaXelv tlwOaffLv aaicdpiSas, Sevnpov 5e tovtuv (TTpuyyvAov,] koI rp'nov aWo tc» tw>' ■K\aTf:Lwv. Ed. Ideler, p. 315. To the same effect M. Psellus in the same vol. p. 241. The moderns have more sorts. Hb. Ixv. See Lb. I. xlviii. xlix. They seem to derive their name from the rings of some of them. An earth- worm is Anseltjncce. pypmpyjic, ivormwort, Seduni album or villosum. Wilde Prick madame. (Lyte) Lb. I. xxxix. ; L Ivii. ; HI. ii. 6. Chenopodium anthelminticum is Ameri- can. J7y]ip, gen. -e, fem., recovery, valetudo in melius conversa. Lb. I. iv, 5. Nu ij- j^ffifc bsejin cymen apsecneb to pyppe ]>eopcum ebpea, C.E. 5, line 8, noiv is ihitt bairn come, raised up for the recovery of the Hebrews from their miseries. The passage is congratulatory. C.E. 336, line 5. J7y]itun5, fem., gen. -e, a preparation of worts. Quad. iv. 5. ]7itmBe]iep pypc, j^ihcmasjiep pypt, " Wlht- " mars wort." Lb. I, ii. 13. " Britta- " nica Vihtmeres vyrt vel heaven hin- " dele," Gl. Dun. It may therefore be spoonwort, scurvy grass, Cochleariu Amjlica. See ]>8epen hybele. ^I'Se- p'l'SojJinbe, gen. -an, fem. ?, withy- wind, convolvidus, both Conv. sepium and arvensis. Lb. I. ii. 20; I. vi. 7; I. xlix. J7i'Sis, masc, gen. juSiep, a withy, a willow, salix. Lb. I. Ixxiv. JEG. 13, line .'54. f onpceajra and ^a ponpceajran, Lb. II. xxxviii. and contents, may be taken either as lividness or meagreness. The passage of Philagrios, does not exhibit the word. j/jiaetcc, gen. -ep, crosswort, galitim crucia- tum. Lb. III. i., viii. Lacn. 12,29. Wa- rantia j'pet, gl. Leechd. vol. I. p. 376. " Vermiculum . i . parance . i . protte," Gl. Ilarl. 978, with " cruciata maior " warence," Gl. M, The Galium tribe were often called by names which mark their relationship to the Madder, thus Vermiculus, properly the cochineal insect used to get a red dye, transfers its name to Madder, Kubia tinctorum, and Mad- der gives its appellations to the Galiunis its relatives. " Cruciata maior . i . " warence . anglice madir," Gl. Harl. 3388. pububenb, -bmb, gen. -es, masc. ?, wood- bind. Hb. clxxii.; Lb. I. ii. 21 ; IIL ii. 1 ; III. xxxi., convolvulus, from the leaves of the drawing, the likeness to the caper plant, and modern usage ; which, besides convolvulus, applies the name also to tlie honeysuckle. p'ubu cejiuiUe, wood chervil, cow parsley, Anthriscus silvestris. Ce]iuille being an English adaptation of Cerefolium, Xaipi- (pvKKov (Columella), and ]iubu being taken in the sense of our wild, we as- certain at once, that we have here the Chairophyllum silvestre, which Koch and Hooker now name Anthriscus silv. Ncmnich agrees, and Lytes description. In lib. Ixxxvi. wood chervil is made to be Asparagus agrestis, and the drawings in MSS. v., T., A. have clearly the characteristics of Asparagus officinalis. If our Saxon interpreter held his opinion with deliberation, he differs from the rest of our English world. Asparagus in MS. Bodl. 130, is drawn like the mature plant. J7ubu lecfcjuc, masc, wood lettuce, ivild sleepwort, Lactuca scariola is lib. xxxi. ■il2 GLOSSARY. ]7ui?u leccjnc — cont. Lactuca sylvatica. Masc. G.D. 11a. The gloss in H. Scariola must be accepted ; Sir J. E. Smith turns it Friclily Lettuce ; Sir W. Hooker says it is found on waste ground in Cambridgeshire, at Southend, Essex, and formerly near Islington. He adds that the garden lettuce, L. sativa, is not a native of this country. " Lactvica, " letuse, slepewort, idem ; domestica et " campestris." Also " Lactuca agrestis, " rostrum porcinum . mylk thistell." MS. Ilarl. 3388. " Lactuca silvatica idem " wild letys, \>\s erbe has leuys like to a " thystell, and they ben scharpe "t ken "t " hit has a floure of purpure colour, "t " hit groys in feldes "t in whet," MS. Bodl. 536, fol. 17. The word purpure was in early times an exact repetition of purpureus, which the Romans applied to any bright colour. The flower of Lactuca scariola is yellow. Lactuca sil- vatica has yellow rays in MS. Bodl. 130, but the leaves are too like sword blades. It is there glossed Suge J?hiftel, that is, sow thistle. " Scarola . endiua . tx°nna (?) lactuca agrestis," Gl. M. The drawing in MS. T is an exact representa- tion of i. scar?o7a, glossed Branca vrsina, to which there is resemblance. p'ubu ]io]:e, hpoje, gen. -an: 1. Affodehis ramosus. In lib. xxxiii., liii. Woodroffe is astula regia, that is hastula regia, the royal sceptre, and all accounts agree that it is a kind of onion, an asfodelaceous plant, with a vast number of bulbs, " Lxxx. simul accvvatis sa»pe bulbis," " Plinius, xxi. 68 ; and though it has " transfeiTcd its name to the daffodil, " yet not that plant. Narcissus pseudo- " narcissus, is its equivalent. The As- phodelus is figured in IMS. V. fol. 28 a, but the flower is gone ; the drawing, as much as remains, matches that in Fuch- sius, p. 121. " Asphodellus, wode houe" (so), MS. Harl. 3388. " Astula regia. i . " wode rove," MS. llawl. C. 607. " Ilas- " tyca regia . i . woderofe." MS. Bodl. 536. ]7ubu )ioj:e — cont. " Aff'odillus vude hofe," (.so), Gl. Dun. So Gl. M. Euchsius makes his goldwurz, asfodelus luteus, Gl. R. 40. Lacn. 69. 2. Asperula odorata, modern usage. In MS. Bodl. 130 ; for hastula regia is drawn a true Asperula, with gloss in 14th century hand " woodrofe." "Rubea " minor woodroff'," MS. Bodl. 178. pubupoi'e, gen. -an, fern., wild rose, dog- rose, hedgerose, rosa canina. Lb. I. xxxvii. 1. J7ubu peaxe, gen. -an, fern ? loood wax, wood loaxen, Genista tinctoria. Lb. I. xlvii. 2 ; III. XXX. ]7ul]es camb, masc, gen. -cs, " wolfs- " comb," ivild teazle, Dipsacus silvestris. In Hb. cliii. translates xfM"'^*''"') "which in clvi. is turned by jailyej* csejd ; as the teazing wool is combing it, this has no surprise. The figure in MS. V. art. xxvi. is a teazle, so MS. T. The equivalent XafxaiiXaia was misunderstood by our interpreter. However x'*M'*'^*'<"' i* no teazle at all, but a stemless thistle, the Carlina acaulis, see eojojihuotu, Masc. Lacn. 3. ^uUian, wipe with icool, lana dclergerc. Quad. vii. 4. ]7unbel ? a wound, pi. jumbela, Hb. i. 11, cont., iv. 10, ix. 2. ]7uubeian, DD, 417, xxiii. ]7u]ime?, fem. ?, gen. -an, woad, Isatis tinctoria. Somn. in Lex, has a gloss, " Lutimi," which is woad. Lb. II. Ixv. 4. j7u]ime being properly any thing having the power of dying, not blue, but ver- milion ; and representing the venniculi or cochineal insects. l^eajiy, peojiy, wanting in something, ivSe-qs, cut (pdd opus est, as they interpret the Norse harfi. Whence 1, poor. 2, un- leavened, of bread. 3, skimmed, of milk. Lb. II. lii. 1. GLOSSARY, 41S peapm, gut, pi. -ma)*, (juts, intestina. But i> sm£El}>eapme, Lb. IL xxxi. Da'Sybhe ajynep hme mib limbe]ie]ibe fceaj.Te on ■Saec fmael'Seajime, P. A. 55. a, Then Ahner stabbed him with the hinder end of his spearshaft in the small gut. Gl. R. has both fma;l{?ea]imaj- and smajle Jjeajimaj-, 74. pepejiopn, Jjejanjjojm, niasc, gen. -ej-, " tufty thorn," buckthorn, Bhamnus ca- tharticus and H.frangula, Lb. I. Ixiv. "Ramni. i. J^efe'horn," GL Harl. 978. So Gl. Arundel, 42, Gl. Dun., Gl. M. M. p. 162 a, 24. pegian for t>isan, press, pierce, by con- traction Jjyn, -which see. Lb. L xvii. 1. pupfce seK^sebe, C.E., p. 92, line 17. Lacn. 114. pelma, masc, gen. by analogy in -an ; lib. I. XXXV. Fojijjylmian in the Lam- beth Psalter is obscurare. Foji'Son J^e )jeo)'tpu ne beo^' }0]i>ylmobe vel yoy\- j*]'0]icene to J^e : T niht )*pa j-pa dasg bi5 onlihceb. Quia tenebraj non obscura- buntur a te, et nox sicut dies illumina- bitur, Ps. cxxxviii. 11. Ne J^eapy he hopian no • Jiyj^jnim fojihylmeb • \> he Jjonan more, Judith x. = p. 2.3, line 1 2, Thwaites. Combined with burning brands of fire in Cod. Exon. p. 217, line 23 = MS. fol. 60 a, line 4. Compare Aia to eTrt(p4p€ii' Tovs Kara Trviyfihy Kivovvovs Koi Kai^iv T^v (fxipvyya, Dioskor. iv. 156, with Hb. clxxxi. 2, last words, pelma and heat go together in the Lb. In Hb. cxl. 1 , I do not find the words the Saxon had before him, but translate as guided by clxxxi. peoh hpeojiya, masc, kneecap, Lorica, Gl. llarl. , ge7iusculum. So " Whirl booau, the round bone of the knee, the patella," Gl. to Tim Bobbin. The bone has some similarity to lumbar and caudal vertebrae. peop, the dry disease, fern., gen. -e. See Jjeopabl. Fem. Lb. III. xxx., contents ; if Jjseiie be correct. peojiabl, fem., the dry disease or wasting away. Lb. II. Ixiii. A different signifi- peopabl — conl. cation was assigned by Somner, whose words are " Deop, '5eo]ie, morbus qui- " dam,fortasse, inflammatio, phlegmone, " an inflammation, a blistering heat of " the blood or a swelling against nature " being hot and red." Probably this conjecture of Somners was founded partly on the etymological considerations which follow, peoji seems to have for its kindred words )>j\i dry, J'ypjT thirst, that is, dryness, the German dorre, dry, and a large number of other words, for which see Spoon and Sparrow, arts 478, 592, etc. In the German Diirrsucht (dry sickness') atrophy, meagreness, con- sumption, the withering efi'ects of dry- ness have produced the expression. The Latin equivalent for these ideas would be Tabes, which is treated of by Celsus (iii. 22) as having for its species arpocpia, atrophy, Kaxe^ia, corrupt habit of body, and (pdiais, consumption, peojiabl ap- pearing in the feet. Lb. xlvii., is Tabes iu pedibus, such a wasting away of the feet as arises from ulceration produced by an over long journey on foot. That the disease is spoken of as local some- times follows from the teaching of Celsus : " Huic (scil. cachexiae) prater " tabem, illud quoque nonnunquam ac- " cidere solet, ut per assiduas pustulas " aut ulcera, simama cutis exasperetur, " vel aliquas corporis partes intumes- " cant." That worms belong to the disease is paralleled in German, which has its Diirremaden, worms which cause a meagre habit and atrophy. peo]i]'yp-, 'Syo]i]'ypr, fem., gen. -e, plough man's spikenard. Inula conyza, formerl}- called C. squarrosa. Germ. Durrwurz, Doorkraut ; which is as above. Lb. III. xxx. Lacn. 40. pymel, a thumbstall. Lb. I. Ixxv. Thimble is the same word, the material is not in the syllables. Cf. Gemi. Diiumling, a thumbstall; Dutch, Duymelinck, tegmen sive munimen pollicis, theca pollicts 414 GLOSSARY. pymel — cont. (Kilian). pymel seems to have been originally an adjective, hence its use in Laws of Ine. xlix. Duymelinck in Kilian is also a wren, a bird as big as ones thumb. pyn, prset. j'ybe, p. part. \>yb ; squeeze, press, stab. Lb. IL iii. v., Quadr. vi. 15. Norse at Jsja. The infinitive ))yban of dictionaries has no existence. Gehyn, squeeze, Solom. and Sat. p. 150, line 34. Ge^-y^^ id. p. 162, line 607. See A>yn. It is a contraction of higan. Beda, 611, 41. The present Ic J^i, fodio, JEG. 32, line 45. pinan, grow moist; the intransitive to J'senan, moisten, as Lb. I. ii. 21. pujre t)irrel,masc.,gen.-les; " tufty thistle," sow thistle, sonchus oleraceus, Bot. Also J>u]>i)tel, Germ. Dudistel, Lb. IIL viii. punoiicla)iie, fern., gen. -an ; bugle, aiuga reptans, if we may rely on a gl. Leech- doms, vol. I. p. 374. " Consolida media, " t-undre clouere," Gl. Harl. 978. On consolida media, sec Fuchsius, p. 38G. punojij'yjit:, fern., gen. -e, houseleek, sem- pervivum tectorum, so called from its averting thunderbolts ; Grimm. Mythol. clxi. : an allusion to this is found in some copies of Dioskorides, iv. 189. punpange, -I'en^e, gen. -an, neut. as j'enge, temple, timpus. Lb. L i. 8; IIL 1. punjiange — cont. Plural in -%e. Lb. III. xli. Gej-loh J>a mib anum byfcle bu^an hi)- l>unj'enj;an, Judges iv. 21, where, I presume, bujau is not for begen, but rather begeonb. MQ. 12, line 16. f'paenan, make to dwindle, minuerc, it appears lib. ii. 7, compai'ed with Dpman, lib. ii. 4. So Lb. I. xxxi. 1. This signifi- cation now seems too conjectural. 2. To soften, mollire. Tiloben hi)- Isecai* 1 'Sone j-pile mib j'ealpum T mib behenum gel^jijenan polbon, Bed., 611,19, Curabant medici hunc adpositis pigmeii- iorum fomentis emollire. Done unjje- J'jjsejian ppyle mib 'Sygbe •) Spenbe, ibid, line 40, Tumorem ilium infcstum horum adpositione co?nprimere ac mollire curabat. 3. Irrigate. Foja \>woa. gip "ji paeteji hi ne 5e]?pEenbe, 'Sonne bjiugobe hio, etc. Boet. p. 78, line 27. If the water had not irrigated her, the earth, she would have got dry, etc. Da abpugoban hcoii- tan j;e'5p8enan mib ^sem plopenban y^on hip lape, P. A. 14 a, Corda arenlia doctrines fluentis irrigare. Donne pio milbheoprnep ^cep lapeopep je^psen't^' T Selec'5 'Sa bpeofc bsep sehie]ienbep, P. A. 27 a, Quando hoc in aiidientis pec- tore pietas prcedicantis rigat. Cf J^aenan. l'']iepan, turn. See Se)?pe)ian. INDEX OE PROPER NAMES. Achilles, Hb. xc, clxxv. 5, -/Elfeed, king; in communication with the Patriarch of Jerusalem, about healing drugs, Lb. II. Ixiv. Bald, owner of the Leechbook MS., Lb. p. 298. Chiron, Hb. xxxvi. CiLD, scribe of the Leechbook MS., Lb. p. 298. CoLUMBA, Saint, Vol. I. p. .39.5. Dun, a leech, Lb. p. 292. Elias or Helias II., Patriarch of Jeru- salem, sends medical prescriptions to King iElfred. For what is known of him see Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, Vol. IIL col. 302, and the Bollandist Acta Sanctorum for May 12, p. xxxix. FoRNET, in Islandic Fomjot, with the ter- mination, Fornjotr, gives name to an herb unknown, Fornets palm, or hand, Lb. I. Ixx., Ixxi. His sons were rulers of air, fire and wind (Skaldskaparmal, p, 67, ed. Reykjavik) : his name occurs in the elder Edda (Hrafegaldr, stanza 17). He is reckoned among the Eotens or giants (Snorra Edda, p. Ill, ed. Reykjavik) ; and he was felled by Thor (ib. p. 61). " Garmund, servant of God, Vol. I. p. 385. Perhaps Gerraanus, bishop of Auxerre. See William of Malmesbury, p. 3C, and note, ed. Historical Society. Also Acta Sanctorum, July 31. Wsermund, the ancestor of Oifa and Penda (Sax, Chron. 626, 775), belongs to the fifth century-, and was no saint. 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Shirley, M.A., Tutor and late Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford. 1858. 6. The Buik of the Croniclis of Scotland ; or, A Metrical Version of the History of Hector Boece ; by William Stewart. Vols. I., II., and III. Edited by W. B. Turnbull, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister-at-Law. 1858. 7. Johannis Capgrave Liber de Illtjstribus Henricis. Edited by the Rev. F. C. Hingeston, M.A., of Exeter College, Oxford. 1858. 8. HiSTORiA Monasterii S. Algustini Cantuariensis, by Thomas OF Elmiiam, formerly Monk and Treasurer of that Foundation. Edited by Charles Hard wick, M.A., Fellow of St. Catharine's Hall, and Christian Advocate in the University of Cambridge. 1858. 11 9. EuL0GiD3i (HisTORiARUM siVE Temporis) : Clironicoii ab Orbe condito usque ad Annum Domini 1366 ; a Monacho quodam Malmesbiriensi exaratum. Vols. I., II., and III. Edited by Y. S. Haydon, Esq., B.A. 1858-1863. 10. Memorials of Henry the Seventh : Bernardi Andi-eje Tho- losatis Vita Regis Henrici Septimi ; necnon alia qucedam ad eundem Eegem spectantia. Edited by James Gairdner, Esq. 1858. 11. Memorials oe Henry the Fifth. I. — Vita Henrici Quinti, Roberto Redmanno auctore. II. — Versus Rliythmici in laudem Regis Henrici Quinti. III. — Elmhami Liber Metricus de Henrico V. Edited by C. A. Cole, Esq. 1858. 12. MuNiMENTA GiLDHALL^ LoNDONiENSis ; Liber Albus, Liber Custumarum, et Liber Horn, in arcliivis Gildhallae asservati. Vol. I., Liber Albus. Vol. II. (in Two Parts), Liber Custumarum. Vol. III., Translation of the Anglo-Norman Passages in Liber Albus, Glossaries, Appendices, and Index. Edited by Henry Thomas Riley, Esq., M.A., Barrister-at-LaAv. 1859-1860. 13. Chronica Johannis de Oxenedes. Edited by Sir Henry Ellis, K.H. 1859. 14. A Collection of Political Poems and Songs relating to English History, frobi the Accession of Ed-ward III. to THE Reign of Henry VIII. Vols. I. and II. Edited by Thomas Wright, Esq., M.A. 1859-1861. 15. The '• Opus Tertium," " Opus Minus," Stc, of Roger Bacon. Edited by J. S. Brewer, M.A., Professor of English Litera- ture, King's College, London. 1859, 16. BARTHOLOMiEI DE COTTON, MONACHI NoRWICENSIS, HiSTORIA Anglicana (A.D. 449 — 1298). Edited by Henry Richards LuARD, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity Colleo-e, Cambridge. 1859. 17. Brut y Tywysogion ; or. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales. Edited by the Rev. J. Williams ae Ithel. 1860. 18. A Collection of Royal and Historical Letters during the Reign of Henry IV. Vol. I. Edited by the Rev. F. C. HiNGESTON, M.A., of Exeter College, Oxford. 1860. 19. The Repressor op over biuch Blaming of the Clergy. By Reginald Pecock, sometime Bishop of Chichester. Vols. I. and II. Edited by Churchill Babington, B.D., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge. 1860. 12 20. Annales Cambrics. Edited by the Rev. J. Williams ab Ithel. 1860. 21. The Works of Giraldus Cambrensis. Vols, I., II., and III. Edited hij J. S. Brewer, M.A., Professor of English Literature, King's College, London. 1861-1863. 22. Letters and Papers illustrative of the Wars of the English in France during the Reign of Henry the Sixth, King of England. Vol. I., and Vol. II. (in Two Parts). Edited by the Rev. Joseph Stevenson, M.A., of University College, Durham, and Vicar of Leighton Buzzard. 1861-1864. 23. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, according to the several Original Authorities. Vol. L, Original Texts. Vol. II., Translation. Edited by Benjamin Thorpe, Esq., Member of \hQ Royal Academy of Sciences at Munich, and of the Society of Netherlandish Literature at Leyden. 1861. 24. Letters and Papers illustrative of the Reigns of Richard III. and Henry VII. Vols. I. and II. Edited by James Gairdner, Esq. 1861-1863. 25. Letters of Bishop Grosseteste, illustrative of the Social Con- dition of his Time. Edited by Henry Richards Luard, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity College, Cambridge. 1861. 26. Descriptive Catalogue of Manuscripts relating to the History of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. I. (in Two Parts) ; Anterior to the Norman Invasion. By Thomas Duffus Hardy, Esq., Deputy Keeper of the Public Records. 1862. 27. Royal and other Historical Letters illustrative op the Reign of Henry III. From the Originals in the Public Record Office. Vol. I., 1216-1235. Selected and edited by the Rev. W. W. Shirley, Tutor and late Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford. 1862. 28. The Saint Alban's Chronicles : — The English History of Thomas Walsingham, Monk of Saint Alban's. Vol. I., 1272- 1381. Vol. II., 1381-1422. Edited % Henry Thomas Riley, Esq., M.A., Barrister-at-Law. 1863-1864. 29. Chronicon Abbati^ Eveshamensis, Auctoribus Domenico Priore Eveshami^ et Thoma de Marleberge Abbate, a FUNDATIONE AD AnNUBI 1213, UNA CUM CONTINUATIONE AD Annum 1418. Edited by the Rev. W. D. Macray, M.A., Bodleian Library, Oxford. 1863. 30. RiCARDI DE ClRENCESTRlA SPECULUM HiSTORIALE DE GeSTIS Regum Angli^e. Vol. I., 447-871. Edited by John E. B. Mayor, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of St. John's College, Cambridge. 1863. 13 31. Year Books op tue Reign op Edward the First. Years 30-31, and 32-33. Edited and translated hy Alfred John HoRAVOOD, Esq., of the Middle Temple, B arris tev-at-L aw. 18G3- 1864. 32. Narratives of the Expulsion of the English from Nor- mandy, 1449-1450. — RobertusBlondelli de Reductione Normannias: Le Recouvrement de Normendie, par Berry, Herault du Roy: Conferences between the Ambassadors of F'-ance and England. Edited, from MSS. in the Imperial Library at Paris, by the Rev. Joseph Stevenson, M.A., of University College, Durham. 1863. 33. HiSTORiA et Cartularium Monasterii S. Petri Gloucestrite. Vol. I. Edited by W. H. Hart, Esq., F.S.A. ; Membre cor- respondant de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie. 1863. 34. Alexandri Neckam de Naturis Rertjm libri duo ; with Neckam's Poem, De Laudibus Divin^e Sapienti^e. Edited by Thomas Wright, Esq., M.A. 1863. 35. Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early Eng- land ; being a Collection of Documents illustrating the History of Science in this Country before the Norman Conquest. Vols. I. and II. Collected and edited by the Rev. T. Oswald Cockayne, M.A., of St. John's College, Cambridge. 1864-1865. 36. Annales Monastici. Vol. I. : — Annales de Margan, 1066-1232 ; Annales de Theokesberia, 1066-1 263 ; Annales de Burton, 1004- 1263. Edited by Henry Richards Luard, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity College, and Registrary of the Uni- versity, Cambridge. 1864. 37. Magna Vita S. Hugonis Episcopi Lincolniensis. From Manu- scripts in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, and the Imperial Library, Paris. Edited by the Rev. James F. Dimock, M.A., Rector of Barnburgh, Yorkshire. 1864. 38. Chronicles and Memorials op the Reign of Richard the First. Vol. I. Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis RiCARDi. Edited by William Stubbs, M.A., Vicar of Navestock, Essex, and Lambeth Librarian. 1864. 39. Recueil des Croniques et anchiennes Istories de la Grant Bretaigne a present nomme Engleterre, par Jehan de Waurin. From Albina to 688. Edited by William Hardy, Esq., F.S.A. 1864. 40. A Collection op the Chronicles and ancient Histories op Great Britain, now called England, by John de Wavrin. From Albina to 688. (Translation of the preceding.) Edited and translated by Williabi Hardy, Esq., F.S.A. 1864. 14 In the Press. Le Livere de E.EIS DE Brittanie. Edited by J, Glover, M.A., Vicar of Brading, Isle of Wight. The Wars of the Danes in Ireland : written in the Irish Language. Edited hij the Rev. J. H. Todd, D.D., Librarian of the University of Dublin. A Collection of Sagas and other Historical Documents relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles. JE'rf«7ec?&2/ George W. Dasent, Esq., D.C.L. Oxon. A Collection . of Royal and Historical Letters during the Reign of Henry IV. Vol. II. Edited by the Rev. F. C. HiNGESTON, M.A., of Exeter College, Oxford, PoLYCHRONicoN Ranulphi Higdeni, with Trevisa's Translation. Edited by Churchill Babington, B.D., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge. Official Correspondence op Thomas Bekynton, Secretary to Henry VI., with other Letters and Documents. Edited by the Rev. George Williams, B.D., Senior Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. Royal and other Historical Letters illustrative of the Reign of Henry III. From the Originals in the Public Record Office. Vol. II. Selected and edited by the Rev. W. W. Shirley, D.D., Regius Professor in Ecclesiastical History, and Canon of Christ Church, Oxford. Original Documents illustrative of Academical and Clerical Life and Studies at Oxford between the Reigns of Henry III. and Henry VII. Edited by the Rev. H. Anstey, M.A. Roll of the Privy Council of Ireland, 16 Richard II. Edited by the Rev. James Graves, A.B., Treasurer of St. Canicc, Ireland. RiCARDi de Cirencestria Speculum Historiale de Gestis Regum Anglic. Vol. II., 872-1066. Edited by John E. B. Mayor, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of St. John's College, and Librarian of the University, Cambridge. The Works of Giraldus Cambrensis. Vol. IV. Edited by J. S. Brewer, M.A., Professor of English Literature, King's College, London. Historia et Cartularium Monasterii S. Petri GLOUCESTRia:. Vol. II. Edited by W. H. Hart, Esq., F.S.A. ; Membre cor- respondant de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie. 15 HisTORTA MiNOK Matth^i PAras. Edited hy Sir Frederick: Madden, K.H., Keeper of the Department of Manuscripts, British Museum. Annales Monasttci. Vol. II. Edited hy Henry Richards Luard, M.A., Fellow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity College, and Re<»is- trary of the University, Cambridge. CiiRONicoN Raditlphi Abbatis Coggeshalensis Majus ; and, Chronicon Terr^ vSancTuE et de Captis a Saladino Hiero- soLTJiis. Edited hy the Rev. Joseph Stevenson, M.A., of University College, Durham. The Satnt Alban's Chronicles : — Vol. III.. The Chronicles op RiSHANGER, TrOKELOWE, BlANEFORD, AND OTHERS. Edited hy Henry Thomas Rlley, Esq., M.A., Barrister-at-Law. Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign op Richard the First. Vol. II. Edited hy William Stubbs, M, A., Vicar of Navestock, Esses, and Lambeth Librarian. Year Books of the Reign of Edward the First. 20th, 2Lst, and 22nd Years, Edited and translated hy Alfred John Horwood, Esq., of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-Law. Recueil des Croniques et anchiennes Istories de la G-rant Bretaigne a present nomme Engleterre, par Jehan de Waurin (continued). Edited hy William Hardy, Esq., F.S.A. Descriptive Catalogue of Manuscripts relating to the History OP Great Britain AND Ireland. Vol.11. By Thomas Duffus Hardy, Esq., Deputy Keeper of the Public Records. In Progress. Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, ae Anno 1 1 50 usque ad Annum 1400. Edited hy Edward Augustus Bond, Esq., Assistant Keeper of the Department of Manuscripts, and Egerton Librarian, British Museum. Documents relating to England and Scotland, from the Northern Registers. Edited hy the Rev. James Raine, M.A., of Durham University. WiLLIELMT MaLMESBIRIENSIS DE GeSTIS PoNTIFICUM AnGLORUM, LiBRi V. Edited hy N. E. S. A. Hajhlton, Esq., of the Depart- ment of Manuscripts, British Museum. January 1865. DATE DUE m ^^'^ ^ •72 1 1 m CD JIfN f JMfEBUi SARYlil/ NS NOV oTwT iitrtioc T 3 0 199 ] siEoyi ^Wk P '''b'U /g i JSyg \uc^\^e5"^ "--- - « GAYLORD PRINTED IN U.S.A. UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 984 034 9 UC IRVINE LIBRARIES 31970008485945 ■lllililnilii '1,— iil!!i!lilll!il!l,iil,!lj |}|ij{W^ ii fc^