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A New and Complete Index to th 3b, $ (Wet-season Broocl), 3c, <£, 3d, 9 (Dry-season Brood). Cyaniris huegelii, Moore, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1882, p. 244. de Nieeville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 107 (1890). Mackinnon and de Nieeville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1898, p. 380. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 333, pi. 19, fig. 129, $ (1907). Lycsenopsis huegelii, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 444. Lycaena argiolus, Kollar (nec Linnaeus), Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv. (2), p. 423 (1848). Wet-season Brood (Figs. 3, 3a, 9, 3b, $). Imago. —Male. Upperside dark purplish-blue ; a black costal line on the forewing and black outer marginal line on both wings; cilia white, with slender black marks at the ends of the veins. Underside pearly bluish-white, markings pale brown. Forewing with a slender line at the end of the cell; a discal row of indistinct spots in the inter¬ spaces 2 to 6. Hindwing with three sub-basal black spots, the upper one sub-costal, the second in the middle, and the third close to the middle of the abdominal margin, in a straight row; a black sub-costal dot near the apex, another a little inwardly below it, a third much nearer the margin, in the middle of the disc, and one between it and the spot near the abdominal margin; both wings with a sub-terminal band of lunules enclosing a complete row of small spots. Female. Upperside much paler than the male and duller in colour. Forewing with rather broad, dull blackish costal and outer marginal band. Hindwing with a very broad costal band of the same colour ; marginal line blackish, some anticiliary black triangular spots ringed with whitish and edged inwardly by a blackish thin band. Underside as in the male. Expanse of wings, ^9 lyk inches. Dry -season Brood (Figs. 3c, L 3d, 9)* Male. Upperside greyish lilacine blue ; costal line of forewing and outer marginal line of both wings very finely black, cilia as in the Wet-season form. Lhnderside also as in that form, the markings very minute and indistinct. LYC7EN0PSINJE. 213 Female, like the Wet-season form female, above and below, but the ground colour of the wings above has a whitish-lilacine tint, and the marginal markings of the hindwing are much more prominent. Antennae black, ringed with white; head and body brownish-black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, $ $ 1J inches. Habitat. —Western Himalayas. Distribution. —Recorded from Kashmir, Murri, Simla, Mussuri, and Naini Tal; we have it from Kulu, and it is in the B. M. from Kangra, Chumba, Mandi, Dana, and Dalhousie. LYCiENOPSIS COELESTINA. Plate 622, figs. 1, $, la, 9, lb, Lyceena coelestina, Kollar, Hiigel’s Kaschmir, iv. (2), p. 423 (1848). Cyaniris coelestina , Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1882, p. 244. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 106 (1890). Mackinnon and de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1898, p. 379. Leslie and Evans, id. 1903, p. 673. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 332 (1907). Lycsenopsis coelestina, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 444. Lycsena Jcollari, Westwood, Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 491 (1848). Cyaniris Jcollari, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1886, p. 367; id. Ann. Mag. Nat. Plist. 1888, p. 148. Polyommatus Jcasmira, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 503, pi. 31, fig. 1, $; id. 1874, p. 272. Imago. —Male. Upperside lilac-blue. Forewing with a black costal line, which thickens towards the apex; a narrow outer marginal black band which thins hind- wards. Hindwing with a slender marginal black line. Underside pearly bluish- white ; with blue basal irrorations, markings black. Forewing with a pale linear mark at the end of the cell; a discal row of linear marks in interspaces 2 to 5, the mark in interspace 3 the longest, the row completed by an inward sub-costal spot. Hindwing with three sub-basal spots, the first sub-costal, the second below the middle, and the third close to the abdominal margin and more inwards; a discal row of spots, the upper one close to the costa a little beyond the middle, with a spot a little inwardly below it; four spots in the disc, in a curve, one outwardly below the last, another small spot close to it, and one close to the abdominal margin a little beyond the middle; both wings with sub-terminal greyish lunules; in many examples the markings are more or less obsolescent. Cilia white, with some blackish points at the ends of the veins on the forewing. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body above blackish, white beneath. Female. Upperside paler and of a duller colour than the male. Forewing with a broad blackish costal band commencing narrowly at the base, gradually widening towards the apex and continued broadly on the outer margin. Hindwing with the costa broadly blackish, except on the costal edge, which is pale; a black terminal line with blackish lunules, inwardly edged with whitish. Underside as in the male. 214 LEPIDOPTEBA IND1CA. Expanse of wings, £ 1 T s y, £ l T 2 y inches. Larva, when full grown sixth of an inch in length ; of the usual Lycsenid shape; coloration light green of the exact shade of young leaves ; the very small head, placed upon a long neck, is intensely black and shining; the segments increase slightly in width to the fifth, then gradually decrease to the thirteenth ; the whole surface is finely shagreened, but entirely without markings, except two dorsal lines of a pale bluish-green colour from the second to the tenth segment, slightly converging posteriorly ; the colour of the ground between these lines slightly darker than the rest of the surface ; a few colourless short lateral hairs ; the segments slowly constricted ; no mouth-like opening on the eleventh, or erectile organs on the twelfth segment. Feeds on Prinsepia utilis, Royle. Pupa, *40 to *45 of an inch in length; of the usual Lycsenid shape, pale brown, irregularly and obscurely spotted and blotched with darker brown, no regular markings whatever, the surface rough, with short colourless bristly hairs (de Niceville). Dr. A. Forel, of Geneva, has identified the ant which attends this species in Mussuri as Acantholepis capensis, Mayr, var. lunaris, Em. (Mackinnon and de Niceville). Habitat. —Western Himalayas. Distribution. —Leslie and Evans record it from Chitral; it is in the B. M. from Kashmir, Simla, Naini Tal, Murri and Masuri; and in our collection from Thundiani, Kulu, and Pangi. LYC2EN0PSIS SIKKIMA. Plate 622, figs. 2, $, 2a, $, 2b, £ (Wet-season Brood), 2c, $, 2d, $ (Dry-season Brood). Cyaniris sikkima, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 524, pi. 48, fig. 11, ^ . de Mceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 105 (1890). Celastrina argiolus , var. sikkima, Tutt, Brit. Lep. ix. p. 388, pi. 28 (1908). Chapman, Proc. Ent. Soc. 1908, p. lxxxi. Lycsenopsis argiolus , var. siklcima , Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 444. Cyaniris jynteana, Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 294. Bingham (part), Eauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 331 (1907). Wet-season Brood (Figs. 2, £, 2a, ?, 2b, $). Imago. —Male. Upperside dark dull purplish-blue. Forewing with a black spot at the end of the cell; a black costal line, a blackish, broad outer marginal band, broadest at the apex, but otherwise of uniform width. Hindwiwcj with a black marginal line and black lunules. Underside greyish-white, markings grey. Forewing with a linear mark at the end of the cell, a post-discal regular row of outwardly oblique, short linear marks in interspaces 2 to 5, rather closer than usual to the margin, a spot also inwards near the costa. Hindwing with a linear mark at the end of the cell; three sub-basal small black spots, sub-costal, central, and one near the abdominal margin, a little inwards, a discal row of very small black dots, disposed as in L. ccelestina, both L Y C2EN0PSIN2E. 215 wings with a sub-terminal lunulated line and a very fine marginal line, and between them a complete row of markings ; composed on the forewing of short grey lines, and on the hindwing of small blackish spots. Female. Upperside like the male, but somewhat paler, in some examples with a little white suffusion in the upper disc of both wings. Forewing with broad costal and outer marginal black bands, commencing narrowly at the base of the costa, widening outwards, and broadest at the apex and hinder angle. Hindwing with a broad blackish costal band; a narrow marginal band ; a sub-terminal blackish lunular line, and between them a row of whitish lunules. Underside as in the male, with the markings more prominent. Cilia white; antennse black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, £ ¥ l T y inches. Dry-season Brood (Figs. 2c, 2d, $). Male. Upperside much paler than the Wet-season form, and of a lilacine blue. Forewing with a large whitish patch in the middle ; a blackish costal line, and a black outer marginal band, nearly as broad as in the other form, often narrow hindwards, and becomes diffused at the hinder angle. Hindwing with a pale blackish suffused costal band, which becomes dark at the apex, where there is more or less of a patch ; a black marginal line, which is sometimes very thin, and has on its inner side a row o small black lunules, but in many examples this line is broad and covers the lunules Underside as in the Wet-season form, the markings very small and slender. Female, similar to the female of the Wet-season form, but the ground colour of both wings is nearly all white above ; the basal and lower portion of the forewing and the abdominal portion of the hind wing being suffused with blackish and covered with blue irrorations. Underside similar to the male. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 T % inches. Habitat. —Sikkim, Assam. Bingham put this species as a synonym to L. jynteana , but Dr. Chapman has proved its distinctness by the examination of the genitalia; we have received many examples from the Khasia Hills; both the seasonal examples from which this description has been made have been examined and identified by Dr. Chapman as a form of L. argiolus, which jynteana is not. LYCJ1N0PSIS VICTORIA. Plate 622, figs. 3, $, 3a, J, 3b, $ . Cyaniris victoria , Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 293. Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1900, p. 442. Bingham, Eauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 329 (1907). Lycsenojpsis victoria , Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 444. 216 LEPIDOPTEPA INDICA. Imago. —Male. Upperside pale grey-blue, wbitisb in the disc of both wings, the veins more or less prominent. Forewing with the costal line black, outer marginal band also black, but narrow, deepest at the apex, narrowing hind wards into a fine line at the hinder angle ; a linear grey mark at the end of the cell. Hindwing with some dark suffusion on the costa; a sub-terminal, somewhat grey line and a black marginal line. Underside uniformly dark greyish-white, almost without any markings, a few scattered black minute dots indicating the usual markings. Female. Upperside mostly white. Forewing with broad black borders ; the base, inner half of the costal portion, and the lower two-thirds suffused with blackish; costal line black, broadening into a band from before the middle, broadest at the apex and narrower down the outer margin to the hinder angle, a black spot at the end of the cell, touching the costal band. Hindwing with the costal portion blackish, marginal line black, a sub-terminal line of grey lunules, and between them a series of black spots ; the base and abdominal marginal portions suffused with blackish. Underside as in the male. Cilia of forewing blackish, edged with white, of the hindwing pure white; antennse black, ringed with white ; head and body blackish above, pale beneath. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 T V to 1 ro inches. Habitat. —Khasia Hills. Ten males and four females received by us from the Khasia Hills in one batch in 1893, never received since amongst the great number of butterflies we have had from the same collector. LYCiENOPSIS LANKA. Plate 623, figs. 1, $, la, 9 > lb, ? • Polyommatus lanha, Moore, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, p. 342. Cyaniris lanha , Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 76, pi. 35, figs. 2, 2a, $ (1881). de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 109 (1890). Manders, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1901, p. 78. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 330 (1907). Lycsenojpsis lanJca , Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 456 (text fig. 96). Imago. —Male. Upperside uniform dark purplish-blue; a very fine black marginal line on both wings, sometimes present, often absent. Underside shining greyish-white, marking grey, very indistinct. Forewing with a linear mark at the end of the cell; a post-discal series of linear markings in an almost straight line, rather nearer the margin than is usual. Hindwing with the usual three sub-basal black spots, almost in a straight line; the discal row of the usual pattern; both wings with sub¬ terminal grey lunular line, black terminal line and black spots between them, but the sub-terminal line is not always apparent. L YCJEN0PSIN2E. 217 Female, somewhat paler. Forewing with broad costal and outer marginal blackish bands. Hindwing with the costa broadly blackish ; black subterminal spots and black marginal line. Underside as in the male, the markings a little more distinct. Cilia blackish, tipped with white. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, $ $ 1 T % to inches. Habitat. —Ceylon. LYCtENOPSIS ALBIDISCA. Plate 623, figs. 2, $, 2a, 9 > 2b, 9 . Cyaniris albidisca, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 524, pi. 48, fig. 7, ^ . Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1885, p. 133. Hampson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1888, p. 356. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 103 (1890). Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1890, p. 33. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 325 (1907). Lycsenopsis albidisca, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 446 (text fig. 82). Imago. —Male. Upperside dark indigo-blue. Forewing with two broad, short white streaks, divided by the vein, in the disc, obliquely placed; costal black line thick; outer marginal band very narrow ; veins prominent. Hindwing with a longer white streak filling up the basal two-thirds of the interspace between veins 6 and 7, and consequently nearly triangular; a small white streak immediately below it; the veins prominent, the marginal band narrow with some black spots on it. Underside greyish-white, with a slight blue tint. Forewing with some small black marks on the costa towards the apex ; a blackish line closing the cell; a post-discal series of black lunular marks, the first (hindwards) minute, the next three prominent, the third of these very oblique, the two upper ones small and in a curve inwards. Hindwing with the usual three sub-basal black spots in a line ; the discal series as usual, but the middle mark linear and very oblique ; both wings with an indistinct sub-terminal, grey, lunular line ; a very fine marginal line, with markings between them, composed on the forewing of short grey linear marks, and on the hindwing of small black spots. Female. Upperside mostly white. Forewing with a broad black costal and outer marginal continuous band of the usual shape ; a black spot at the end of the cell, touching the costal band; the basal and lower portions of the wing suffused with blue irrorations; the rest of the wing white. Hindwing with a broad blackish costal space ; a narrow black marginal band containing a series of black spots with pale inner edges, bordered inwardly by a pale blackish lunular line. Underside as in the male ; markings more pronounced. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, $ £ 1 T 6 ¥ inches. Habitat. —Southern India. 2 F VOL. VII. 218 LEPID OP TUBA INDICA. Distribution. —Eecorded by Hampson from the Uilgiris, by Watson from Mysore ; in our collection from Trevandrum, Poona, the Annamali and Pulni Hills, and in the B. M. also from Kolar. LYCiENOPSIS LIMBATA. Plate 623, figs. 3, $, 3a, $, 3b, $. Polyommatus limbatus , Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1879, p. 139. Cyaniris Mmbatus, Hampson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1888, p. 356. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 109 (1890). Davidson, Bell and Aitken, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1896, p. 373. Cyaniris limbata, Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. S.oc. 1890, p. 33. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 329 (1907). Lycsenopsis limbata, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 447 (text fig. 85). Imago. —Male. Upperside dark purplish-bine; costal line of forewing and terminal line of both wings black. Underside greyish-white, with a slight blue tint; markings pale brown, much as in L. puspa , but smaller and more slender; the discal line of linear marks on the forewing more regular; the spot nearest the costa "well inwards. Hindwing with the three sub-basal black spots as usual, but in a line with each other, and another black spot on the abdominal margin nearer the base ; a linear mark at the end of the cell; the discal row of markings ending with a rather large black spot near the costa ; both wings with a sub-terminal lunular line, a fine black marginal line, and between them a series of spots, the last three nearest the anal angle being black. Female much paler, with some blue iridescence. Forewing with the costal band broad; the outer marginal band narrower. Hindiving with the costal and marginal bands broadly brownish-black in some examples, in others it is paler and diffused, and the outer margin contains a blackish sub-terminal lunular line, a black marginal line, and black spots between them. Underside as in the male. Antennae black, ringed with white; head and body black above, greyish beneath ; head and thorax clothed with long bluish hairs above. Expanse of wings, £ $ l-f~o inches. Habitat. —Southern India, Behar, Bengal, Ceylon. Distribution. —Hampson records it from the Uilgiris, Watson from Mysore, Davidson from Karwar, de Niceville from the Parisnath Hills and Travancore ; we have it from Ceylon, Coorg, and Trevandrum. LYCJiNOPSIS MARGrINATA. Plate 624, figs. 1, <£, la, ?, lb, $ (Wet-season Brood), 1c, $, Id, ?, le, ? (Dry-season Brood). Cyaniris marginata , de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. /0, pi. i. fig. 9, $. Moore, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1883, p. 523, pi. 48, fig. 6, $. Doherty, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1886, p. 134. LYCJENOPSINM 219 de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 96 (1890); id. Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1890, p. 297. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 622. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 293. Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1900, p. 442. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 319 (1907). Lycsenopsis marginata, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 447 (text fig. 83). Wet-season Brood (Figs. 1 la, ?, lb, f). Imago.- —Male. Upperside with broad costal and outer marginal bands on both wings. Forewing with a black spot at the end of the cell, touching the costal band; the inner area suffused with blackish with blue iridescence, except for two white streaks w T hich fill up the two interspaces above vein 2, with a small white streak in the interspace above them ; the lower streak sometimes is more or less suffused with blue on its outer part. Hindwing similarly coloured, with a white patch on its upper disc which varies in size. Underside greyish-white, with a slight bluish tint, markings brown, prominent; a lunule at end of cell, a row of post-discal spots close to the sub¬ terminal line, the second and third the largest, the third, fourth and fifth often joined together, the sixth inwards and near the costa. Hindwing with the usual three sub-basal black spots in a line, a fourth black spot near the abdominal margin nearer the base; a discal whorl of spots of the usual pattern, the first, third and sub-costal spots the largest; both wings with a sub-terminal angulated line ; a black marginal line and a series of black spots between them. Cilia white, w T ith minute brown marks. Antennae black, ringed with white; head and body black above, white beneath. Female, like the male, the blue iridescence less. Expanse of wings, $ $ 1 T % to 1-^ inches. Dry-season Brood (Figs. 1c, <£, Id, $, le, $). Male. Upperside. Forewing like the Wet-season form, but the white area is much more extensive and the general coloration is paler, the blue iridescence more brilliant. Hindwing paler, the discal white patch larger, the marginal band replaced by a sub-terminal blackish lunular line, a black marginal line, enclosing a series of small blackish spots. Underside with the markings disposed as in the other form, but much smaller and faintly indicated. Female, like the male above and below, but paler above, the white patch on the forewing occupying two-thirds of the inner space, the base and lower portions only being suffused with pale brownish and blue iridescence ; on the hindwing above there is a black spot at the end of the cell; otherwise it is similar to the male. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 t 3 -q to 1 T \ inches. Habitat. —Himalayas, Upper Burma, Assam. Distribution. —Becorded by de Niceville from Chin Lushai, Naini Tal, Kumaun, and Fort Stedman ; by Elwes from the Karen Hills | in our collection from the Khasia Hills and from Sikkim ; it is in the B. M. also from Nepal, Tilin Yaw and Thoungyon Valley. 2 F 2 220 LEPIDOPTERA INDIGA . LYCJ1N0PSIS PLACIDA. Plate 624, figs. 2, $ , 2a, ? , 2b, $, 2c, ? . Cyaniris placida, de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. 68, pi. i. fig. 8, $ . Moore, Proc. Zool. feoc. 1883, p. 523, pi. 48, fig. 5, £. Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1885, p. 334. Distant, Rhop. Malayana, p. 453, pi. 44, fig. 7, ^ (1886). de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 103 (1890). Manders, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 527. Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1891, p. 44. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 623. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 294. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 326 (1907). Lycsenojosis plcicida, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 447. Imago. —Male. Uppersicle dark greyisli-blne. Forewing with a black costal line, and black outer marginal band of disconnected linear marks. Hindwing with a blackish narrow costal space, and a marginal band of small triangular black spots; the terminal bands in some examples are broader than in others having the spots joined together. Underside dull greyish-white, markings pale brown. Forewing with a line at the end of the cell ; a post-discal row of linear marks, the mark in the third interspace being oblique outwards, otherwise they are nearly in a line, the uppermost mark is on the inner side and well separated from the costa. Hindwing with the three usual black sub-basal spots in a line, the fourth spot on the abdominal margin nearer the base, but much closer than usual to the other abdominal marginal spot; a lunular line at the end of the cell; the usual discal row of spots, and both wings with sub-terminal lunular line and marginal black line, enclosing a series of spots, those on the hindwing being black and triangular. Female. Upperside. Forewing nearly all brownish-black ; the costal and outer blackish bands very broad ; a black spot at the end of the cell touching the costal band; a large white patch in the disc ; the rest of the wing suffused with blackish, with some blue reflections. Hindwing. Upperside with a very broad blackish costal band, filling up one-third of the wing; a narrow marginal black band, its inner side containing black triangular spots with white lunular inner edges and enclosed by a sub-terminal lunular blackish line ; the rest of the wing, with the exception of a white discal patch, is suffused with blackish with blue reflections ; the outer half of the veins black. Underside as in the male, but all the markings very large and prominent. Cilia grey, tipped with white. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, whitish beneath. Expanse of wings, $ $ 1 T %- inches. Habitat. — Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Malay Peninsula. Distribution. —Manders records it from the Shan States, Watson from Chin Lushai and the Chin Hills, Elwes from the Naga Hills, de Niceville from Sibsagar and Penang; it is in our collection from Sikkim, Pangi, Kulu, the Khasia Hills, and from Sinabong in Sumatra. L Y C2EN0PSIN2E. 221 Note. —Some doubts have been stated as to the identification of the proper female of this species ; the female herein described and figured was captured by Mr. Paul Mowis in Sikkim, and was sent to us with a number of males taken at the same w time and place. LYCiENOPSIS JYNTEANA. . Plate 625, figs. 1, (J, la, $, lb, $. Cyaniris jynteanci, de Hiceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. 69, pi. 1, figs. 7, $, 7a, 9 • Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 524, pi. 48, fig. 10, $ . de Hiceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 104 (1890). Manders, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 528. Watson, Journ. Bo. Hat. Hist. Soc. 1891, p. 44. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 623. Watson, Journ. Bo. Hat. Hist. Soc. 1897, p. 659. Bingham (part), Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 331 (1907). Chapman, Proc. Ent. Soc. 1908, p. lxxxiii. Lycsenopsis jynteana, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 447. Imago. —Male. Upperside, both wings deep lavender-blue. Fore wing with the outer margin widest at the apex, sometimes reduced to a point at the hinder angle, dusky black ; an indistinct discocellular streak sometimes absent; and the disc between the median nervules, just beyond the cell irrorated with white scales in some specimens. Hindwing with the outer margin dusky black, its inner edge lunulated. In some specimens the apical area is obscurely irrorated with white. Underside, both wings pale grey. Foreiomg with a pale brown discocellular streak, a discal series of five similar spots, of which the upper one is much out of line, being placed nearer the base of the wing; a sub-marginal lunulated line and marginal spots very pale brown ; the usual fine anticiliary black line. Hindwing with three sub-basal black spots; a slender brown discocellular streak; a very sinuous discal series of nine spots ; marginal markings as on the forewing. Female. Upperside. Forewing with all but the middle of the disc (which is white, glossed with iridescent blue) black; a discocellular black spot. Hindwing blackish, white in the middle, glossed, with blue, and along the veins irrorated with black scales; a sub-marginal series of pale lunules. Underside, both wings marked exactly as in the male (de Niceville). Expanse of wings, £ 1 T %- to 1 T %, £ to 1 r 2 ^ inches. Habitat. —Assam, Sikkim. A rare species much resembling the Wet-season form of S. sikkima, but Dr. Chapman has shown that the genitalia is quite different, and that there is some slight constant difference in the fascies ; the types came from the Jaintia Hills in Assam; we have received many thousands of Lycsenids from that locality during the last twenty years, but do not appear to have ever received this species, as all our examples have been identified as sikkima by Dr. Chapman ; we put the references above for what they are worth, most of them probably refer to sikkima. 222 LEPIDOPTEBA INDICA. LYC2EN0PSIS DILECTA. Plate 625, figs. 2, £, 2a, J, 2b, £ (Wet-season Brood), 2c, $, 2d, $ (Dry-season Brood). Polyommatus dilectus, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1879, p. 139. Cyaniris dilectus, de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. 68, pi. i. fig. 5, $ ; id. Butt, of India, iii. p. 107 (1890). Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 622. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 295. Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1897, p. 659. Cyaniris dilecta, Bingham, Eauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 331, pi. 19, fig. 128, (1907). Lycsenojjsis dilecta, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 453 (text fig. 92). Wet-season Brood (Figs. 2, 2a, 2b, $). Imago. —Male. Upperside pale lilac-blue. Forewing with the middle of the wing somewhat pale ; a very slender black, costal line ; a slender black outer marginal line. Hindwing with the costal space narrowly suffused with grey, ending in a small blackish space at the apex ; outer marginal black line also slender; in some examples there is a pale space in the upper disc of the wing. Underside whitish with a very faint bluish tint; markings pale brown, very slender, and hardly to be traced ; on the forewing the sub-terminal series is uniformly in line ; on the hindwing the discal series is in minute dots, and both wings have the cell markings and usual terminal markings faintly indicated. Female. Upperside suffused with blackish with blue reflections. Forewing with broad costal and marginal blackish bands. Hindwing with some blue reflections at the base; a sub-terminal lunular blackish line and a black marginal line with black spots between them ; the veins on both wings more or less prominent. Underside as in the male ; the markings more distinct. Cilia white, marked with black. Antennse black, ringed with white; head and body blackish-brown above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, $ $ to 1-f^- inches. Dry-season Brood (Figs. 2c, 2d, ?). Male. Upperside of a brighter blue; a large white patch in the middle of the forewing, and a large discal patch on the hindwing, which is sometimes confined to the upper disc; the patch varies much in size, and sometimes extends across the wing; a slender black costal line on the forewing, and slender black marginal lines on both wings. Underside as in the Wet-season form. Female. Upperside mostly white. Forewing with blue reflections, markedly so in the upper disc; costal and marginal black bands a little narrower than in the other form; a black spot at the end of the cell, touching the costal band; basal portion irrorated with pale blackish scales and some similar scales sparsely placed on the lower portion of the wing. Hindwing. Upperside nearly all white ; some blackish suffusion L YC2EN0PSIN2E. 223 on the costal portion; a sub-terminal indistinct, grey lunular line ; a black marginal line, with black spots between them ; veins blackish and prominent. Underside as in the male. Expanse of wings, $ $ 1 t 2 q- inches. Habitat. —Himalayas, Sikkim, Assam, Upper Burma, Arracan. Distribution. —Recorded by Elwes from the Naga Hills, by Watson from the Chin Hills, by de Niceville from Nepal, Kumaon, North Cachar, and Sibsaghar; in our collection from Sikkim, Cashmir, and many examples of both sexes of both forms from the Khasia Hills. LYCiENOPSIS MELiENA. Plate 625, figs. 3, <£, 3a, $. Cyaniris meleena, Doherty, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1889, p. 434, pi. 23, fig. 13, $. de Hiceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 97 (1890). Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 622. Butler, Ann. Mag. Hat. Hist. 1900, p. 443. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 320 (1907). Lycsenopsis melsena, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 464 (text fig. 108). Imago. —Male. Upperside dull dark purple blue, iridescent in certain lights ; the darkest species of the genus we have yet seen. Forewing with broad costal and outer marginal black borders, broadest at the apex. Hmdwing with a broad blackish costal space ; marginal band black ; in the type-specimen apparently complete, but in other examples the band contains a series of lunular marks of the ground colour of the wing. Underside greyish-white with a blue tint; markings black. Forewing with a line at the end of the cell; a post-discal series of short lines, the second, fourth and fifth outwardly oblique, the fifth and sixth recurved inwards; a sub-terminal line of short blackish-brown lines; a terminal slightly sinuous black line; and between them some pale blackish spots. Hindwing with the spots more prominent; a line at the end of the cell; the usual three sub-basal spots; a row of discal spots disposed as usual, the centre one the largest and obliquely placed ; a black terminal line ; a sub¬ terminal angulated pale line ; and between them a series of prominent black spots. Cilia black, tipped with white. Antennae black, ringed with white; head and body black above with dark blue lines, greyish-white beneath. Expanse of wings, 1-f^ inches. Female, unknown. Habitat. —Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula. There are three examples in our collection; it is not in the B. M. LYCJINOPSIS AKASA. Plate 626, figs. 1, $, la, $, lb, $ . Polyommatus akasa, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E.I.C. p. 67, pi. 1, figs. 1, la, $ (1828). Cyaniris akasa , Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 75, pi. 34, fig. 5, $ (1881). Hampson, Journ. As. Soc. 224 LEPIDOPTEHA INDIO A. Bengal, 1888, p. 356. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 95 (1890). Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1890, p. 34. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 318 (1907). Lycsenopsis akasa , Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 458 (text fig. 100). Imago. —Male. Upperside white. Forewing with the costal and outer marginal bands broadly black, broadest at the apex; the marginal band stopping abruptly before the hinder angle ; the base of the wing suffused with blackish with blue iridescence which extends up the wing and covers the lower half of the costal band. Hindwing with base and two-thirds of the costal space suffused with blackish and blue iridescence ; marginal line black, slender ; a series of black dots on its inner side. Underside white, markings black. Forewing with a fine line at the end of the cell, a post-discal row of short linear marks in regular order, rather close to the margin, ending with an inner spot below the costa. Hindwing with the three sub-basal spots in a line, a discal, curved row of spots, commencing with a sub-costal spot a little beyond the middle, a dot below it; four spots in a curve in the middle of the wing, and two detached spots below the lowest spot; a sub-terminal row of spots and a slender terminal line. Female, like the male, but without any blue reflections on the upperside. Cilia white. Antennae black, ringed with white; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, <£ $ 1 t 2 q- inches. Habitat.— Southern India, Ceylon, extending to Java. Distribution. —Recorded by Hampson from the Nilgiris, by Watson from Mysore, by de Niceville from Shevaroy, Anamally and Pulni Hills; in our collection from North Canara, Trevandrum, Travancore, Madras, Kandy and Trincomali; in the B. M. Horsefield s type from Java, and others from the same locality. LYC7EN0PSIS SINGALENSIS. Plate 626, figs. 2, $, 2a, 9 > 2 b, $. Lycsena singalensis , Felder, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xviii. p. 282 (1868). Polyommatus singalensis , Moore, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, p. 342. Cyaniris singalensis , Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 76, pi. 35, figs. 1, la, $ (1881). de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 108 (1890). Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, ii. p. 333 (1907). Lycsenopsis singalensis, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 468 (text fig. 113). Imago.—M ale. Upperside purplish-blue ; outer marginal line of both wings black. Underside greyish silvery-white with a very slight blue tint, markings brown. Forewing with a linear mark at the end of the cell ; a post-discal row of short linear outwardly oblique marks, the lowest not oblique, all of them in an even row, ending in two small spots curving inwards below the costa. Hindwing with the three sub-costal black spots in a line, the fourth inner spot near the abdominal margin a mere dot, sometimes absent, a discal whorl of spots, the upper one and the two lower ones L Y CJENOPSINJE. 225 blacker than the others, the detached spot before the last lower spot in the shape of a short curve ; both wings with a sub-terminal row of detached lunules ; a slender black marginal line and black dots between them. Female. Upperside much paler than the male, with a lilac tinge in some examples, and brilliant blue reflections in some lights. Forewing with rather broad blackish costal and marginal bands ; a black spot at the end of the cell, touching the costal band. Hindioing with the costal portion suffused with pale blackish-brown, the base suffused with the same colour; the upper disc pale, in some examples whitish; a sub-terminal line of blackish lunules ; a marginal blackish line and blackish spots between them. Underside as in the male. Cilia white, black at its base. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, ^ ? 1J inches. Habitat. —Ceylon. Distribution. —Occurs more or less throughout Ceylon ; Bingham records it from South India, but we have never seen an Indian example, nor can we find any record of one. LYCiENOPSIS ALBOCiERULEA. Plate 626, figs. 3, $ (one form), 3a, $ (another form), 3b, ? , 3c, $, 3d, 9 • Polyommatus albocserulea, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1879, p. 139. Cyaniris albocserulea , de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. 71, pi. i. %s. b $, 4a, 9 ; id. Butt, of India, iii. p. 98 (1890). Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 622. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 293. Mackinnon and de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1898, p. 379. Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1900, p. 443. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 321, pi. 19, fig. 125, ? (1907). Lycsenopsis albocserulea , Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 470 (text fig. 116). Imago. —Male. Upperside white. Forewing with the costa, outer margin and hinder border broadly pale lilacine-blue ; apex broadly black, narrowing hindwards on the outer margin, the base more or less suffused with blue, leaving the inner portion pure white. Hindwing , in some examples, pure white without markings, except a little grey and blue basal suffusion ; in others the blue suffusion extends a little along the costal and abdominal marginal portions of the wing and sometimes a little on the outer margin ; marginal line black. Underside pure white. Forewing with a very faint line at the end of the cell, and a post-discal row of black linear marks. Hindwmg with many minute black spots in irregular order on the interior two-thirds of the wing, and sometimes, but not always, a series of sub-terminal black dots. Female. Upperside like the male, but all the marginal bands are black without any blue, the blue reflections being confined to the basal portions of both wings. VOL. vn. 2 G 226 LEP LB OP TEH A INBIGA. Hindicing with the costa broadly blackish, some blackish suffusion at the base and along the abdominal margin, a black marginal line, a sub-terminal series of blackish spots, enclosed by an indistinct line of lunular marks. Underside as in the male, the markings more pronounced; the post-discal series of linear marks on the forewing slightly outwardly curved. Cilia of both sexes white. Antennae black, ringed with white ; head and body black above, white beneath. Expanse of wings, $ £ 1-fw niches. Habitat. —Himalayas, Assam, Bhutan. Distribution. —Recorded by Elwes from the Naga Hills, by Butler from Sikkim and Bhutan, by Mackinnon from Mussuri, by de Niceville from Dkera Dhun, Naini Tal, Khati, Kumaon and Nepal; it is in our collection from the Khasia Hills. Note.— Bingham has figured the female, not the male. INDQ-MALAYAN AND CHINESE ALLIED GENERA AND SPECIES. Lycsenopsis haraldus , Papilio haraldus, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. ii. p. 82 (1787). Synonyms , Lycsenopsis ananga, Felder, Reise, Nov. Lep. ii. p. 257, pi. 32, figs. 10, 11 (1865). Cupido corntita, Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 349, pi. 32, fig. 5, J . Habitat, Malacca, Java, Sumatra, Borneo. Lycsenopsis cagaya, Lycsena cagaya, Felder, Reise, Nov. Lep. ii. p. 278, pi. 34, figs. 11 to 13 (1865). Habitat, Philippines. Lycsenopsis ladonid.es. Lycsena ladonides, de l’Orza, Lep. Japan, p. 20 (1869). Habitat, Japan. Lycsenopsis duponchelii , Polyommatus duponchelii, Godart, Enc. Meth. ix. p. 677 (1823). Habitat, Sumatra. Lycsenopsis levetti, Cyaniris levetti, Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1883, p. 111. Habitat, Corea, Japan. Lycsenopsis puspina, Plebeius puspina, Kheil, Rhop. Nias, p. 30, pi. 5, figs. 37 to 39 (1884). Habitat, Nias. Lycsenopsis kulini, Cyaniris kuhni, Rober, Iris, 1886, p. 60, pi. 4, fig. 29. Habitat, E. Celebes. Lycsenopsis Iambi , Cyaniris Iambi, Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1887, p. 266. Habitat, Malay Peninsula. Lycsenopsis ‘philippina, Cyaniris philippina, Semper, Reise, Philipp, v. p. 168, pi. 32, figs, 14, 16, $, 17, 5, 15, 18, Si underside (1889). Habitat, Philippines. Lycsenopsis nebulosa , Cyaniris nebulosa, Leech, Entomologist, xxiii. p. 43 (1890). Habitat, Central China. Lycsenopsis coalita, Cyaniris coalita, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1891, p. 363, pi. F, figs. 12, c£,13, 5* Habitat, Java. Lycsenopsis musina, Cyaniris musina, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxxv. p. 145 (1892). Notarthrinus musina, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 424 (text fig. 53). Habitat, Java, Sumatra. Lycsenopsis hersilia, Cyaniris hersilia, Leech, Butt, of China, &c. ii. p. 319, pi. 31, fig. 16, $ (1892). Habitat, Central China. Lycsenopsis oreas, Cyaniris oreas, Leech, l.c. p. 321, pi. 31, figs. 12, S > 13, J. Habitat, Central China. Lycsenopsis ceyx, Cyaniris ceyx, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1893, p. 326, pi. H, figs. 6, (£, 7, ?. Habitat, Java. LYCAENOPSINAE. 227 Lycsenopsis nedda, Cyaniris nedda, Grose-Smith, Nov. Zool. i. p. 572 (1894). Habitat, Celebes. Lycsenopsis cosssea , Cyaniris cossjea, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Hat. Hist. Soc. 1895, p. 271, pb C. figs. 14, $, 15, 9 . Habitat, N.E. Sumatra, W. Java. Lycsenopsis corythus , Cyaniris corythus, de Niceville, l.c. p. 273, figs. 16, 17, 9* Habitat, N.E. Sumatra. Lycsenopsis carna, Cyaniris carna, de Niceville, l.c. p. 274, fig. 18, $. Habitat, N.E. Sumatra. Lycsenopsis catreus , Cyaniris catreus, de Niceville, l.c. p. 276, figs. 20, £ ,21, 9 ■ Habitat, Java. Lycsenopsis camense, Cyaniris camense, de Niceville, l.c. p. 278, fig. 22, $. Lycsenopsis cameme, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 458 (text fig. 101). Synonym , Cyaniris selma, H. H. Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 573, pi. 32, fig. 10, $. Habitat, N.E. Sumatra, Kina Balu, Borneo. Lycsenopsis candaules, Cyaniris candaules, de Niceville (nec musina, Snellen), l.c. p. 276, P.S. pi. 0, fig. 19, (£. Habitat, N.E. Sumatra. Lycsenopsis lyce , Cyaniris lyce, Grose-Smith, Nov. Zool. ii. p. 506 (1895). Habitat, S, Celebes. Lycsenopsis dilectissima , Cyaniris dilectissima, H. H. Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 571, pi. 32, figs. 2, f , 3, 9 • Habitat, Borneo. Lycsenopsis placidula, Cyaniris placidula, H. H. Druce, l.c. p. 572, figs. 6, £, 7, 9 • Habitat, Kina Balu, Borneo. Lycsenopsis lugra , Cyaniris lugra, H. H. Druce, l.c. p. 573, fig. 5, $. Notarthrinus lugra, Chapman, l.c. 1909, p. 427 (text fig. 55). Habitat, Kina Balu. Lycsenopsis strophus, Cyaniris strophus, H. H. Druce, l.c. fig. 4, $ • Habitat, Kina Balu. Lycsenopsis phuste, Cyaniris phuste, H. H. Druce, l.c. pi. 34, fig. 17, $. Habitat, Dili, Sumatra. Lycsenopsis planta, Cyaniris planta, H. H. Druce, l.c. p. 574, pi. 32, fig. 8, £, 9, 9 • Habitat, Borneo. Lycsenopsis ripte, Cyaniris ripte, H. H. Druce, l.c. fig. 11, $ . Habitat, Labuan, Borneo. Lycsenopsis caret, Cyaniris cara, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1896, vol. xii. p. 143, pi. Z, figs. 19, £, 20, 9* Habitat, South Celebes. Lycsenopsis deliciosa, Cupido deliciosa, Pagenstrecker, Ent. Nachr. xxii. p. 50 (1896); id. Abb. Senck. Ges. xxiii. p. 416, pi. 20, fig. 8 (1897). Habitat, Celebes. Lycsenopsis sonchus, Cyaniris sonchus, H. H. Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 655, pi. 29, fig. 4, $ . Habitat, S.E. Borneo. Lycsenopsis splendens, Cyaniris splendens, Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat Hist. 1900, p. 444. Plabitat, Larut Hills, Perak. Lycsenopsis imperatrix, Cyaniris imperatrix, Butler, l.c. p. 444. Habitat, Siam. Lycsenopsis shelfordi, Cyaniris shelfordi, de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1902, p. 245, pi. EE, fig. 7, $ . Habitat, Borneo. Lycsenopsis owgarra, Cyaniris owgarra, Bethune-Baker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1908, p. 116, pi. 8, fig. 17. Habitat, Malay Peninsula. Artopoetes pryeri , Lycsena pryeri, Murray, Ent. Mo. Mag. x. p. 126 (1873). Pryer, Rhop. Niplion. p. 18, pi. 5, fig. 16 (1886). Artopoetes pryeri, Chapman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 473 (text fig. 119). Habitat, Japan. Genus MEGISBA. Megisba (with tails), Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 71 (1881). Distant, Rhop. Malayana, p. 457 (1886). de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 60 (1890). Bingham, Eauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p, 313 (1907). Pathalia (without tails), Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 21. 2 G 2 228 LEPIDOPTERA IN DIO A. Eyes naked, antennse long, more than half the length of the forewing, stout, club spatulate and abrupt, palpi sub-porrect, third joint a little longer than the second, longer in the female. Forewing somewhat triangular ; costa more arched in the female than in the male, apex somewhat angulate in the male, rounded in the female; outer margin convex, lower angle a little rounded, hinder margin slightly sinuous ; cell half the length of the wing; vein 7 terminates on costa before the apex, 8 absent, 9 from the middle of 7; 10 and 11 free, 12 short, ending on costa before end of cell. Hind- wing with vein la very short, 3 and 4 approximate from lower end of cell; sometimes with a slender tail, sometimes without, this difference occurring often in otherwise identical forms captured at the same time and place. Type, M. thwaitesi, Moore. MEGISBA MALAYA. Plate 627, figs. 1, la, $, lb, $ (Wet-season Brood), lc, Id, 9 (Dry-season Brood), le (larva and pupa). Lycsena malaya, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E.I.C. p. 70 (1828). Lampides malaya, de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1881, p. 58. Wood-Mason and de Niceville, id. p. 249. Pathalia malaya, Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 22. Doherty, id. 1886, p. 134. Wood- Mason and de Niceville, id. p. 108. Megisba malaya, Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1888, p. 375, pi. 11, fig. 1, $. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 61, pi. 26, fig. 165, $ (1890). Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1891, p. 44. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 621. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 292. Davidson, Bell and Aitken, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1896, p. 373. Mackinnon and de Niceville, id. 1898, p. 379. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 313 (1907). Megisba thwaitesi, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 71, pi. 34, fig. 3, 3a (imago), 3b (larva and pupa) (1881). de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1885, p. 46. Distant, Rhop. Malayana, p. 457, pi. 44, fig. 4 (1886). Hampson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1888, p. 356. Megisba sihhima, Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 21. Pathalia albidisca, Moore, l.c. Megisba gunga, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1885, p. 133, pi. 19, fig. 7. Wet-season Brood (Figs. 1, £, la, $, lb, $). Imago. — Male. Upperside dark brownish-black ; some specimens without markings, but generally there is a medial small pale patch on the forewing ; on the hindwing there is a very slender short tail at the end of vein 1, sometimes absent. Underside dull white. Forewing with basal, costal and outer marginal spaces suffused slightly with brown, some brown spots on the costa, a brown line closing the cell, a post-discal series of brown lunules, a sub-marginal sinuous brown line and a marginal line, including a series of brown spots. Hindwing with two rather large black spots near the base and a small one below them, another near the apex of the wing, a line LYC2EN0PSIN2E. 229 closing the cell, a discal band of brown spots very irregular and disjointed, the terminal markings as on the forewing. Female like the male, but the forewing has generally a large white patch in the disc, which often extends hindwards to near the hinder margin. Cilia white, brownish towards apex of forewing in both sexes. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 inch. Dry-season Brood (Figs. 1c, J, Id, $). Male and female like the Wet-season brood, but the medial patch is white, generally runs down from vein 4 to the hinder margin, broadening hindwards, and sometimes is continued a little on the hind wing; in the female this patch is much broader than in the male, and is nearly always continued on the hindwing till it meets the cell ; the underside is also similar, but all the markings are larger and coarser. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen dark brown, beneath the antennae are ringed with white, the palpi, thorax and abdomen pure white, the third joint of the palpi brown. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 inch. Larva. — Light green, vermiform, middle segments swollen. Pupa. —Thick, blunt at the ends. Feeds on Sapindacae (Moore). Habitat. —India, Andamans, Ceylon and the Malay Peninsula. Distribution. —Recorded by Hampson from the Nilgiris, by Watson from the Chin Hills, by Elwes from the Naga and Karen Hills, by Mackinnon from Mussoorie, by Davidson from Karwar; in our collection from the Nicobars, Sikkim, the Khasia Hills and Ceylon, some of the Ceylon examples of the Wet-season brood are very small, one of them measures only six-tenths of an inch; it is in the B. M. also from Ganjam, Belgaum, Poona, Andamans, Java, Sumatra and Borneo. Genus NEOPITHECOPS. Neopithecops , Distant, Rhop. Malayana, p. 209 (1884). de Mceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 51 (1890). Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 309 (1907). Pithecops, Moore (nec Horsfield), Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 72 (1881). Parapithecops, Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 20. Eyes naked ; antennae more than half the length of the costa of forewing; club well formed, long and excavated on the inner side; palpi porrect, third joint stout and blunt at apex in the male, cylindrical in the female. Forewing with the costa arched, the wing broader proportionately than it is in Pithecops, less rounded at the apex, outer margin convex, lower angle well marked, hinder margin straight; the costal nervure terminates before the end of the cell; the first sub-costal nervule just 230 LEP ID OP TE RA INDIO A. beyond its end; the base of the second sub-costal is rather nearer to the base of the first than to that of the upper discoidal; the third sub-costal is emitted about midway between the base of the upper discoidal and the apex of the wing ; cell more than half the length of the wing. Hindwing not so narrow proportionately as it is in Pithecops, cell considerably longer. Type, N. horsfieldi, Distant. NEOPITHECOPS ZALMORA. Plate 627, figs 2, $, 2a, J, 2b, £ (Wet-season Brood), 2c, £, 2d, $ (Dry-season Brood), 2e, ^ (Extreme Dry-season Brood). Pithecops zalmora, Butler, Cat. Eabr. Lep. p. 161 (1869). Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1882, p. 244. Doherty, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1886, p. 134. Neopithecops zalmora , de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1883, p. 46. Hampson, id. 1888, p. 356. de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 53, pi. 26, fig. 162, $ (1890). Watson, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1891, p. 43. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 621. Swinhoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1893, p. 292. Davidson, Bell and Aitken, Journ. Bo. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1896, p. 372 (life history). Watson, id. 1897, p. 658. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 309 (1907). Lycsena hylax, Doubleday and Hewitson (nec Fabricius), Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 496, pi. 76, fig. 8 (1852). Pithecops hylax, Moore (nec Fabricius), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 587. Pithecops clharma, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 72, pi. 34, fig. 4, $ (1881). Pithecops gaura, Moore, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1884, p. 20. Neopithecops horsfieldi, Distant, Bhop. Malayana, p. 210, pi. 22, fig. 15, $ (1884). Wet-season Brood (Figs. 2, 2a, $, 2b, $). Imago. —Male. Upper side black, sometimes without any white on the wings ; in some specimens, however, there is a pale spot in the disc of the forewing, and in some this is white; the hind-wings are usually without markings. Female, similar to the males, but in many examples there is a small whitish patch in the disc of both wings. Underside of both sexes white. Forewing with the apex dusky brown, the ends of veins 10, 11 and 12 with minute black dots, a slender brown line closing the cell, a post-discal, transverse series of brown lunules, sub-terminal and terminal very slender brown lines including a row of black lunules. Hindwing with a brown line on the discocellulars as in the male, a sub-costal black spot beyond the middle, another smaller one near the abdominal margin, also beyond the middle which form the ends of a post- discal, curved and sinuous brown line, the sub-terminal and terminal markings as in the forewing ; in the female there are two and sometimes three sub-basal black spots in a line. Cilia of forewing dusky, of hindwing pure white. Expanse of wings, £ $ 1 inch. LYCPENOPSTNIE. 231 Dry-season Brood (Figs. 2c, $, 2d, $). Male. Forewing. Upperside with the interior portion white, leaving a broad costal and marginal black band, a black spot at the upper end of cell, and some brown suffusion at the base. Hindwing paler and more brownish ; a large white discal patch, which narrows somewhat upwards to vein 6, and often runs in towards the base above vein 4; a complete and well defined blackish-brown, rather narrow marginal band. Underside as in the Wet-season brood, but the lines and markings much paler and fainter. Female, like the male, but the white on both wings more extensive. Expanse of wings, ^ $ 1 inch. Extreme Dry-season Brood (Fig. 2e, £). Male and female like minute forms of the Dry-season brood, the markings under¬ neath almost invisible. Expanse of wings, $ £ to t 7 q- inch. Larva of the usual woodlouse form, it is of a rough texture, with the segments well defined, pubose under the lens, the head concealed and the sides flattened; colour a bright apple-green, with a faint darker line along the middle of the back ; it feeds on Glyeomis pentaphylla, Correa, and the pupa is attached to the leaf, parallel to it; the thoracic part is narrow and contracted, and the abdominal rounded and considerably higher than the thorax; it is of a bright green with a darker dorsal line and a similar line forming the boundary of the abdominal segments; it has a row of minute dark spots along these lines (Davidson, Bell and Aitken). Habitat. —India, Burma, Ceylon, Andamans, Malay Peninsula; a common species. SECTION HI. Genus PITHEGOPS. Pithecops, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E.I.C. p. 66 (1828). de Niceville, Butt, of India, iii. p. 48 (1890). Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 307 (1907). Eyes naked ; antennae a little longer than half the length of costa of fore wing with a well formed spatulate club ; palpi sub-porrect; second joint thickly clothed with adpressed scales ; third joint aciculate. Forewing long, narrow ; costa arched, apex rounded, hinder margin straight or very slightly sinuous ; cell about half the length of the wing; the costal nervure short, terminating before the .end of the cell, first sub-costal nervule emitted at about the middle of the cell, very short, directed obliquely upwards to the costal nervure, with which it is completely anastomosed in its 232 LEPIDOPTEBA INPICA. entire length, except for a short portion of the base ; second snb-costal, long, emitted nearer the base of the first than to the base of the upper discoidal nervule; third sub-costal very short, emitted from the costal nervure at about opposite the apex of the second sub-costal; upper discocellular nervule absent; middle and lower cliscocel- lulars of about equal length, concave; lower discoidal nervule from the point of junction of the discocellulars; second median nervule emitted some little distance before the lower end of the cell; sub-median nervure sinuous, following the shape of the inner margin. Hindwing long, oval; costa very straight, outer and abdominal margin with an even curve; costal nervure slightly arched at base, then straight to the apex of the wing; first sub-costal nervule emitted much before the end of the cell ; upper discocellular nervule short, outwardly oblique, straight; lower discocellular longer, upright, concave; second median nervule emitted a little before lower end of cell. Type, P. hylax , Fabricius. PITHECOPS HYLAX. Plate 628, figs. 1, $, la, $ , lb, $ . Papilio hylax, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 526 (1775); id. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 124 (1781); id. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 77 (1787). Hesperia Burales hylax, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. (i.) p. 304 (1793). Polyommatus hylax, Godart, Enc. Meth. ix. p. 701 (1823). Pithecops hylax, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E.I.C. p. 66, pi. 1, fig. 2, 2a (imago), 2b, pupa (1828). Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 771. Butler, Cat. Fabr. Lep. p. 161 (1869). de Niceville, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1882, p. 62 ; id. Butt, of India, iii. p. 49, pi. 26, fig. 161 (1890). Manders, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 527. de Niceville, Journ. Bo. Hat. Hist. Soc. 1890, p. 297. Watson, id. 1891, p. 43. Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 621. Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Butt. ii. p. 308 (1907). Lycsena hylax, Hopffer, Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxxv. p. 27 (1874). Staudinger, Ex. Schmett. p. 271, pi. 94, $ (1888). Imago. —Male. Upperside of a uniform brownish-black colour, without markings. Underside, milk-white, markings chocolate-brown. Forewing with a post-discal series of transverse short lines, the upper one the darkest, and two black sub-costal spots in continuation; a well marked band on the outer margin containing a series of similar lines all white. Hindwing with a post-discal paler line, a sub-terminal continuous line and a series of black dots close to the margin ; a very large black spot at the apex of the wing. Cilia of forewing brown, of hindwing white. Female, like the male, but there is a large white patch on the forewing above, a little below the centre of the wing, which varies in size in many examples. Expanse of wings, £ 1, £ t 9 q- inch. Habitat. —Sikkim, Assam, Burma and the Malayan sub-region. PI 620 E.C.Kui^ht del.etEtE. "Vincent- ’BrooTis / Day' ScSonLiEmp. L.Reeve &.C?LoTxtLorL - ' . . - % ■ * ■ ~ PI 621 E .C.KmgM del eUith. 'YmoentBrooks.Day & Son.Lt4xmp. L.Reeve & C°Ion.doTt. PI 622 & E.C.Exji^Kt del etlilh.. Vmcaat Bro oks,D ay & SoxiLt^imp X Reeve &. C?Lotu1oxl % ■ PI 6Z3 .C.Km^hb delefclitK. "Vincent Br o oks D ay & Son Lt^ imp. L Reeve &C?Loudon . v . ■ . . I ■ PI 624. 2 b Z c E.C.Knight del etKth VuicexitBro olcs,Day &. Scm.lt4 imp L Be eve &.C° London - , , . - PI 6Z5 E.C.l&u.gh.t del etlitK "Vincent Brooks,D ay&Soxi LlihLmp L Reeve 8c C? London. . ■ ■ ■ ■ ' . ' ’ ■ - 'I • Tl 626 i a ih 3 b 3 C J.R .Pitch. 3el, eighth. h5xiceatlRoo"ksT)ay-& SorCLt^-inip L.Reeve &.C° LoruLcxn_ ' ■ . ■\ ■ . * ■ ■ . ' Pi\m. 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