THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA

PRESENTED BY

PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND
MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID

A LIST

OF

EUROPEAN BIRDS,

INCLUDING ALL THOSE FOUND IN THE

WESTEEN PALJ1ARCTIC AREA,

WITH A

SUPPLEMENT

Containing species said to have occurred, but which, for various reasons,
are inadmissible.

BY

HEATLEY NOBLE, F.Z.S.

LONDON :

E. H. PORTER,

7, PRINCES STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W.
1898.

M366655

INTRODUCTION.

As there is no list of European Birds up to date, it is hoped that
the following may be of use to collectors, for reference and
exchange of skins and eggs, also for labelling specimens, especially
as the Supplement contains a list of those birds of disputed
occurrence, printed in the same type, a feature not found in any
other work of the kind.

My thanks are due to many friends for their kind assistance, and
especially to Mr. Dresser, for permitting me to use his " List of
European Birds."

HEATLEY NOBLE.

Temple Combe, Henley-on-Thames,
July, 1898.

A LIST

OF

EUROPEAN BIRDS

AVES CARINAT^l.

^EGITHOGNATH^E.
Order I. PASSERES.

Suborder OSCINES.

Section 1. OSCINES DENTIROSTRES.
Family TUEDID^E.
Subfamily TURDUSLE.

] . Turdus viscivorus, Linn.
Missel-Thrush.

2. Turdus mtisicus, Linn.

Song-Thrush.

3. Turdus iliacus, Linn.

Redwing.

4. Turdus pilaris, Linn.
Fieldfare.

5. Turdus naumanni, Temm.
Red-tailed Fieldfare.

6. Turdus dubius, Bechst.
Dusky Thrush.

7. Turdus ruficollis, Pall.

Bed-throated Thrush.

8. Turdus obscurus, Grnel.
Pale Thrush.

9. Turdus varius, Pall.
White's Thrush.

10. Turdus atrigularis, Temm.
Black-throated Thrush.

11. Turdus sibiricus, Pall.
Siberian Thrush.

12. Turdus merula, Linn.
Blackbird.

13. Turdus torquatus, Linn.

King-Ouzel.

14. Turdus alpestris, (C. L. Brehm).

Alpine Ring-Ouzel.

15. Turdus pallasi, Cab.
Hermit Thrush.

16. Turdus swainsoni, Cab.
Olive-backed Thrush.

17. Monticola saxatilis (Linn.).
Rock-Thrush.

18. Monticola cyanus (Linn.).
Blue Rock-Thrush.

Subfamily

19. Cinclus aquaticus, Bechst.

Common Dipper.

20. Cinclus melanogaster, C. L. Brehm.

Black-bellied Dipper.

7

21. Cinclus albicollis (Vieill.).
Pale-backed Dipper.

22. Cinclus cashmiriensis, Gould.

White-breasted Asiatic Dipper.

Subfamily SAXICOLIN^E.

23. Saxicola cenanthe (Linn.).
Common Wheatear.

24. Saxicola seebohmi, C. Dixon.
Seebohm's Wheatear.

25. Saxicola isabellina, Riipp.
Isabelline Wheatear.

26. Saxicola albicollis, Vieill.

Black-eared Wheatear.

27. Saxicola vittata, Hemp & Ehr.

Ehrenberg's Wheatear.

28. Saxicola stapazina, Vieill.

Russet Wheatear.

29. Saxicola melanoleuca (Giild.).
Black-throated Wheatear.

30. Saxicola deserti, Hupp.
Desert- Wheatear.

31. Saxicola finschi, Heugl.
Arabian Wheatear.

32. Saxicola mcesta, Licht.

Tristram's Wheatear.

33. Saxicola xanthoprymna, Ehr.
Red-rumped Wheatear.

34. Saxicola chrysopygia, De Filippi.
Red-tailed Wheatear. '

8

35. Saxicola lugens, Licht.
Pied Wheatear.

36. Saxicola morio, Ehr.

Eastern Pied Wheatear.

37. Saxicola monacha, Temm.

Hooded Wheatear.

38. Saxicola leucopyga, C. L. Brehm,

White-rumped Wheatear.

39. Saxicola albinigra, Hume.

Hume's Wheatear.

40. Saxicola leucura (Gm.).
Black Wheatear.

41. Saxicola picata, Blyth.

Black-backed Wheatear.

42. Pratincola rubetra (Linn.).
Whinchat.

43. Pratincola rubicola (Linn.).
Stonechat.

44. Pratincola dacotce, Meade- Waldo.
Canarian Stonechat.

45. Pratincola maura (Pall.).
Eastern Stonechat.

4G. Pratincola hempriclii (Ehr.).
White-tailed Stonechat.

47. Pratincola caprata (Linn.).
Pied Stonechat.

48. Ruticilla phcenicurus (Linn.).
Kedstart.

49. Ruticilla mesoleuca (Ehr.).
Ehrenberg's Redstart.

50. Ruticilla rufiventris (Vieill.).

Indian Redstart.

51. Ruticilla titys (Scop.).

Black Kedstart.

52. Ruticilla ochrura (Gmel.).

Gould's Redstart.

53. Ruticilla moussieri (Olph-GalL).

Moussier's Redstart.

54. Ruticilla erythrogastra (Giild.).

Giildeiistadt's Redstart.

55. Ruticilla erythronota (Eversm.),

Eversmann's Redstart.

Subfamily

56. Cyanecula wolfi, C. L. Brehm.

White-spotted Bluethroat.

57. Cyanecula suecica (Linn.).

Red-spotted Bluethroat.

58. Erithacus rubecula (Linn.).

Redbreast.

59. Erithacus hyrcanus, Blanf.

Persian Redbreast.

60. Calliope camtschatkensis (Gm.).

Ruby-throated Warbler.

61. Cossypha gutturalis, Guerin.

White-throated Robin-Chat.

62. Nemura cyanura (Pall.).

Red-flanked Bluetail.

63. Daulias luscinia (Linn.).

Nightingale.

10

64. Daulias philomela (Bechst.)

Northern Nightingale.

65. Daulias hafizi (Severtz.).

Persian Nightingale.

66. Sylvia cinerea, Bechst.
Whitethroat.

67. Sylvia curruca (Linn.).
Lesser Whitethroat.

68. Sylvia minuscula, Hume.
Least Whitethroat.

69. Sylvia althcea, Hume.

Himalayan Whitethroat.

70. Sylvia siibalpina, Bonelli.

Subalpine Warbler.

71. Sylvia mystacea (Menetr.).

Menetries' Warbler.

72. Sylvia conspicillata, Marm.

Spectacled Warbler.

73. Sylvia nana (Hemp. & Ehr.).

Desert-Warbler.

74. Sylvia melanothorax, Tristram.
Palestine Warbler.

75. Sylvia melanocepliala (Gm.).

Sardinian Warbler.

76. Sylvia tnomus (Ehr.).

Bowman's Warbler.

77. Sylvia orphea, Temm.

Orphean Warbler.

78. Sylvia rueppelli, Temm.

Riippell's Warbler.

11

79. Sylvia atricapilla (Linn.)
Blackcap.

80. Sylvia hortensis, Bechst.
Garden-Warbler.

81. Sylvia nisoria, Bechst.
Barred Warbler.

82. Melizophilus undatus (Bodd.).
Dartford Warbler.

83. Melizophilus sardus (Marni. ).
Marmora's Warbler.

84. Melizophilus deserticola (Trist.).
Tristram's Warbler.

Subfamily PHYLLOSCOPIN^.

85. Regulus cristatus, Koch.
Golden-crested Wren.

86. Regulus teneriffcs, Seeb.

Canarian Goldcrest.

87. Regulus ignicapillus (C. L. Brelun).

Fire-crested Wren.

88. Regulus maderensis, Vern. Hare.
Madeiran Goldcrest.

89. Phylloscopus superciliosus (Gm.).

Yellow-browed Warbler.

90. Phylloscopus proregulus (Pallas).

Pallas's Willow- Warbler.

91. Phylloscopus tristis, Blyth.
Siberian Chiff chaff.

92. Phylloscopus rufus (Bechst.).
Chiffchaff.

12

93. Phylloscoptcs trochilus (Linn.)

Willow-Wren.

94. Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechst )

Wood-Wren.

95. Phylloscopus bonellii (Vieill ).

Bonelli's Warbler.

96. Phylloscopus viridani/s, Blyth.

Greenish Willow- Warbler.

97. Phylloscopus nitidns, Blyth.

Bright Green Willow- Warbler.

98. Phylloscopus borealis (Blasius). '

Eversmann's Warbler.

99. Phylloscopus neglecttis, Hume

Plain Willow- Warbler.

Subfamily ACROCEPHALIN^E.

100. Hypolais polyglotta (Vieill.).

Melodious Warbler.

101. Hypolais icterina (Vieill.).

Icterine Warbler.

102. Hypolais olivetorum (Strickl.).

Olive-tree Warbler.

103.

Hypolais pallida (Ehr.).
Olivaceous Warbler.

104. Hypolais opaca (Licht.).

Western Olivaceous Warbler.

105. Hypolais languida (Ehr.).

Upcher's Warbler.

106. Hypolais caligata (Licht.).

Booted Warbler.

13

107. Hypolais rama (Sykes).
Sykes's Warbler.

108. Aedon galactodes (Temm.).
Rufous Warbler.

109. Aedon familiaris (Menetr.).

Grey-backed Warbler.

110. Acroceplialus agricola (Jerd.).

Paddy-field Warbler.

111. Acroceplialus dumetorum, Blyth.

Blyth's Reed- Warbler.

112. Acroceplialus streperus (Vieill.).

Reed-Warbler.

113. Acroceplialus palustris (Bechst.).

Marsh -War bier.

114. Acroceplialus turdoides (Meyer).
Great Reed- Warbler.

115. Acroceplialus stentoreus (Ehr.).

Clamorous Reed- Warbler.

116. Acroceplialus aquaticus (Gmel.).

Aquatic Warbler.

117. Acrocephalus phraymitis (Bechst.).

Sedge-Warbler.

118. Acroceplialus melanopogon (Temm.).

Moustached Sedge-Warbler.

119. Locustella ncevia (Bodd.).

Grasshopper- Warbler.

120. Locustella straminea (Severtz.).

Eastern Grasshopper- Warbler.

121. Locustella lanceolata (Temm.).

Lanceolated Warbler.

H

122. Locustella ftuviatilis (Wolf).

River-Warbler.

123. Lociistella luscinioides (Savi).

Savi's Warbler.

124. Locustella certhiola (Pall.).
Pallas's Warbler.

125. Cettia cettii (Marm.).'
Cetti's Warbler.

Subfamily DRYMCECIN^E.

126. Cisticola cursitans (Frankl.).
Fantail Warbler.

127. Drymceca gracilis (Licht.).
Streaked Wren- Warbler.

128. Scotocerca inquieta (Cretz.).
Streaked Scrub- Warbler.

129. Scotocerca Sahara (Loche).
Algerian Scrub- Warbler.

Subfamily CRATEROPODIN^E.

130. Argya fulva (Desf.).

Algerian Bush-Babbler.

131. Argya squamiceps (Cretzschm.).

Palestine Bush-Babbler.

Family ACCENTORID^.

132. Accentor collaris (Scop.).

Alpine Accentor.

133. Accentor montanellus (Pall.).

Mountain-Accentor.

15

134. Accentor fiilvescens, Severtz.
Brown Accentor.

135. Accentor atrigularis, Brandt.
Black-throated Accentor.

136. Accentor modularis (Linn.).
Hedge-Sparrow.

Family PANURID^E.

137. Panurus biarmicus (Linn.).
Bearded Titmouse.

Family PARID^E.

138. Acredula rosea (Blyth).

British Long-tailed Titmouse.

139. Acredula caudata (Linn.).

Long-tailed Titmouse.

140. Acredula irbii, Sharpe and Dresser.

Irby's Long-tailed Titmouse.

141. Acredula tephronota (Giinther).

Turkish Long-tailed Titmouse.

142. Acredula macedonica, Salvad & Dress.

Macedonian Long-tailed Titmouse.

143. Acredula caucasica, Dresser.

- Caucasian Long-tailed Titmouse.

144. Partis major, Linn.
Great Titmouse.

145. Parus bokharensis, Licht.

Bokharan Grey Titmouse.

146. Parus cinereus, Vieill.

Indian Grey Titmouse.

16

147. Parus ater, Linn.

European Coal-Titmouse.

148. Parus britannicus, Sharpe & Dresser.

British Coal-Titmouse.

149. Parus ledouci, Malh.

Algerian Coal-Titmouse.

150. Parus Cypriotes, Dresser.

Cyprian Coal-Titmouse.

151. Parus phceonotus, Blanf.

Persian Coal-Titmouse.

152. Parus pahistris, Linn.

Marsh-Titmouse.

153. Parus salicarius, C. L. Brehm.

Willow Marsh-Titmouse.

154. Parus borealis, De Selys.

Northern Marsh-Titmouse.

155. Parus baicalcnsis, Swinhoe.

Siberian Marsh-Titmouse.

156. Parus lugubris, Temm.

Sombre Titmouse.

157. Parus cinctus, Bodd,

Lapp Titmouse.

158. Parus cceruleus, Linn.

Blue Titmouse.

159. Parus pleskii, Cab.

Pleske's Blue Titmouse.

160. Parus ultramarinus, Bp.

Ultramarine Titmouse.

161. Parus tcneriffcB, Less.

Canarian Blue Titmouse.

162. Parus palmensis, Meade- Waldo.

White-bellied Titmouse.

17

163. Pants ombriosus, Meade-Waldo.
Hierro Titmouse.

164. Parus cyanus, Pall.
Azure Titmouse.

165. Parus cristatus (Lirm.).
Crested Titmouse.

166. JEgitlialus pendulinus (Linn.).
Penduline Titmouse.

167. JEgithalus castaneus, Severtz.
Chestnut-crowned Titmouse.

Family SITTIDyE.

168. Sitta europcea, Linn.

Northern Nuthatch.

169. Sitta ccesia, Wolf.

Common Nuthatch.

170. Sitta neumeyeri, Michah.

Western Rock-Nuthatch.

171. Sitta syriaca, Ehr.

Eastern Rock-Nuthatch.

172. Sitta krueperi, von Pelz.

Krliper's Nuthatch.

173. Sitta whiteheadi, Sharpe.

Corsican Nuthatch.

Family CARTHIID^C.

174. Certhia familiaris, Linn.

Tree-Creeper.

175. Tichodroma muraria (Linn.).

Wall-Creeper.

18

Family TKOGLODYTID.E.

176. Troglodytes parvulus, Koch.
Common Wren.

177. Troglodytes pallidus, Hume.
Pallid Wren.

178. Troglodytes borealis, Fisher.
Northern Wren.

Family MOTACILLID.E.

179. Motacilla alba, Linn.

White Wagtail.

180. Motacilla lugubris, Temm.

Pied Wagtail.

181. Motacilla per sonata, Gould.

Masked Wagtail.

182. Motacilla citreola, Pall.

Yellow-headed Wagtail.

183. Motacilla melanope, Pall.

Grey Wagtail.

184. Motacilla flava, Linn.

Blue-headed Wagtail.

185. Motacilla viridis, Gmel.

Grey-headed Wagtail.

186. Motacilla melanocephala, Licht.

Black-headed Wagtail.

187. Motacilla xanthophrys, Sharpe.

Yellow-browed Wagtail.

188. Motacilla raii, Bp.

Yellow Wagtail.

19

189. Anthus pratensis (Linn.).

Meadow-Pipit.

190. Anthus bertheloti, Bolle.

Canarian Pipit.

191. Anthus gustavi, Swiuh.

Petchora Pipit.

192. Anthus cervinus (Pall.).

Ked-throated Pipit.

193. Anthus trivialis (Liun.).

Tree-pipit.

194. Anthus campestris (Linn.).

Tawny Pipit.

195. Anthus similis (Jerdou).

Brown Rock-Pipit.

196. Anthus richardi, Vieill.

Richard's Pipit.

197. Anthus ludovicianus (Gmel.).

Pennsylvanian Pipit.

198. Anthus spipoletta (Linn.).

Water-Pipit.

199. Anthus obscurus (Lath.).

Rock-Pipit.

Family PYCNONOTID.E.

200. Pycnonotus barbatus (Desf.).

Dusky Bulbul.

201. Pycnonotus xanthopygu* (Ehr.).

Palestine Bulbul.

202. Pycnonotus capensis (Linn.).
Gold- vented Bulbul.

20
Family OKIOLID.E.

203. Oriolus galbula, Linn.
Golden Oriole.

Family LANIID.E.

204. Lanius excubitor, Linn.

Great Grey Shrike.

205. Lanius leucopterus, Severtz.

White-winged Shrike.

206. Lanius funereus, Menz.

Eversmann's Shrike.

207. Lanius elegans, Swains.

Pale Shrike.

208. Lanius grimmi, Bogd.

Bogdonoff's Shrike.

209. Lanius meridionalis, Ternm.

Southern Grey Shrike.

210. Lanius algeriensis, Less.

Algerian Grey Shrike.

211. Lanius fallax, Pinsch.

Finsch's Shrike.

212. Lanius minor, Gmel.

Lesser Grey Shrike.

213. Lanius raddii, Dresser.

Radde's Shrike.

214. Lanius collurio, Linn.

Bed-backed Shrike.

215. Lanius pomeranus, Sparrm.

Woodchat Shrike.

21

216. Lanius isabellinus, Ehr.
Isabelline Shrike.

217. Lanius mibicus, Licht.

Masked Shrike.

218. Lanius cucullatus, Temm.

Hooded Shrike.

Family AMPELID.E.

219. Ampelis garrulus, Linn.
Waxwing.

Family MUSCICAPID^B.

220. Muscicapa grisola, Linn.

Spotted Flycatcher.

221. Muscicapa atricapilla, Linn.

Pied Flycatcher.

222. Muscicapa collaris, Bechst.

White-collared Flycatcher.

223. Muscicapa semitorquata, Homeyer.

Caucasian Pied Flycatcher.

224. Muscicapa parva, Bechst.

Bed-breasted Flycatcher.

Section 2. OSCINES LATIBOSTKES.
Family HIEUNDINED^.

225. Hirundo savignii, Steph.

Chestnut-bellied Swallow.

226. Hirundo rustica, Linn.
Swallow.

22

227. Hirundo rufula, Temm.
Red-rumped Swallow.

228. CJielidon urbica (Linn.).
Martin.

229. Cotile riparia (Linn.).
Sand-Martin.

230. Cotile rupestris (Scop.).

Crag-Martin.

231. Cotile obsolete/,, Cab.

Pale Crag-Martin.

Section 3. OSCINES CONIBOSTBES.

Family FRINGILLID.E.

Subfamily FRINGILLIN^E.

232. Carduelis elegans, Steph.
Goldfinch.

233. Carduelis caniceps, Vigors.

Himalayan Goldfinch.

234. Carduelis citrinella (Linn.)

Citril Finch.

235. Carduelis spinus (Linn.).
Siskin.

236. Serinus hortulanus, Koch.
Serin Finch.

237. Serinus canonicus, Dresser.
Tristram's Serin.

238. Serinus canarius (Linn.).

Canary.

239. Serinus pusillus (Pall.).

Red-fronted Finch.

23

240. Ligurinus chloris (Linn.).
Greenfinch.

241. Coccothraustes vulgaris, Pall.
Hawfinch.

242. Coccothraustes carneipes, Hodgson.

White-winged Grosbeak.

243. Passer italice (Vieill.).

Italian Sparrow.

244. Passer domesticus (Linn.).

House -Sparrow.

245. Passer hispaniolensis, Temm.

Spanish Sparrow.

246. Passer montanus (Linn.).

Tree-Sparrow.

247. Passer ammodendri, Severtz.

Saxaul Sparrow.

248. Passer simplex (Licht.).

Desert-Sparrow.

249. Petronia stulta (Gmel.).

Rock-Sparrow.

250. Petronia brachydactyla, Bp.

Desert Rock-Sparrow.

251. Montifringilla nivalis (Linn.).

Snow-Finch.

252. Montifringilla alpicola (Pall.).
Eastern Snow-Finch.

253. Fringilla ccelebs, Linn.
Chaffinch.

254. Fringilla tintillon, Webb & Berthel.
Azorean Chaffinch.

255. Fringilla palma, Trist.

Palman Chaffinch.

256. Fringilla spodiogena, Bp.

Algerian Chaffinch.

257. Fringilla montifringilla, Linn.

Brambling.

258. Fringilla teydea, Webb & Berthel.

Teydean Chaffinch.

259. Linota cannabina (Linn.).

Linnet.

260. Linota linaria (Linn.).

Mealy Redpoll.

261. Linota rufescens (Vieill.).

Lesser Redpoll.

262. Linota exilipes (Coues).

Coues's Redpoll.

263. Linota hornemanni, Holb.

Greenland Redpoll.

264. Linota flavirostris (Linn.).

Twite.

265. Linota brevirostris, Gould.

Eastern Twite.

Subfamily LOXIIN.E.

266. Carpodaeus rubicilla (Giild.).
Caucasian Rose Finch.

267. Carpodaeus sinaiticus (Temm.).
Sinaitic Rose Finch.

268. Carpodaeus erythrinus (Pall.).
Scarlet Grosbeak.

25

269. Bucanetes obsoletus (Licht.).
Desert-Finch.

270. Bucanetes mongolicus (Swinhoe).

Mongolian Desert-Finch.

271. Erythrospiza githaginea (Licht.).

Trumpeter-Bullfinch.

272. Erythrospiza sanguined (Gould).

Crimson-winged Finch.

273. Pyrrhula europcea, Vieill.

Common Bullfinch.

274. Pyrrhula major, C. L. Brehm.
Northern Bullfinch.

275. Pyrrhula murina, Godm.
Azorean Bullfinch.

276. Pyrrhula cassini (Baird).
Cassin's Bullfinch.

277. Uragus sibiricus (Pall.).
Siberian Rose-Finch.

278. Pinicola enucleator (Linn.).
Pine- Grosbeak.

279. Loxia piiyopsittacus, Bechst.
Parrot-Crossbill.

280. Loxia curvirostra, Linn.
Common Crossbill.

281. Loxia rubrifasciata (Brehm).
Red-banded Crossbill.

282. Loxia leucoptera, Gmel.

White-winged Crossbill.

283. Loxia bifasciata (C. L. Brehm).

Two-barred Crossbill.

26

Subfamily EMBERIZINJE.

284. Emberiza melanoccpliala, Scop.

Black-headed Bunting.

285. Emberiza luteola, Sparrm.

Bed-headed Bunting.

286. Emberiza cincrca, Strickl.

Strickland's Bunting.

287. Emberiza miliaria, Linn.

Common Bunting.

288. Emberiza citrinella, Linn.

Yellow Bunting.

289. Emberiza cirlus, Linn.

Girl Bunting.

290. Emberiza hortiilana, Linn.

Ortolan Bunting.

291. Emberiza huttoni (Blyth).

Grey-necked Bunting.

292. Emberiza chrysophrys, Pall.

Yellow-browed Bunting.

293. Emberiza striolata (Licht.).

Striped Bunting.

294. Emberiza sahara, Levaill.

House-Bunting.

295. Emberiza da, Linn.

Meadow-Bunting.

296. Emberiza cioides, Brandt.

Siberian Meadow-Bunting.

297. Emberiza casia, Cretzsch.

Cretzschmar's Bunting.

27

298. Emberiza leucocepliala, Gmel.

Pine- Bunting.

299. Emberiza aureola, Pall.

Yellow-breasted Bunting.

300. Emberiza riistica, Pall.

Rustic Bunting.

301. Emberiza pusilla, Pall.

Little Bunting.

302. Emberiza schceniclus, Linn.

Reed-Bunting.

303. Emberiza pyrrhuloides, Pall.

Large-billed Reed-Bunting.

304. Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.).

Lapland Bunting.

305. Plectrophenax nivalis (Linn.).

Snow-Bunting.

Section 4. OSCINES SCUTELLI-
PLANTARES.

Family ALAUDID^E.

306. Certhilauda alaudipes (Desf.).
Curve-billed Lark.

307. Certliilauda'duponti (Vieill.).

Dupont's Lark.

308. Galerita cristata,'Ltinn.

Crested Lark.

309. Galerita macrorhyncha (Trist.).
Tristram's Lark.

310. Galerita isabellina (Bp.).
Isabelline Lark.

28

311. Alauda arvensis, Linn.

Sky-Lark.

312. Alauda gulgula, Franklin.

Indian Sky-Lark.

313. Alauda arborea, Linn.

Wood-Lark.

314. Ammomanes deserti (Licht.).

Desert-Lark.

315. Ammomanes cinctura (Gould).

Gould's Desert-Lark.

316. Calandrella brachydactyla (Leisl.).

Short-toed Lark.

317. Calandrella minor (Cab.).

Lesser Short-toed Lark.

318. Calandrella boetica, Dresser.

Andalucian Short-toed Lark.

319. Calandrella pispoletta (Pall.).

Pallas's Short-toed Lark.

320. Melanocorypha calandra (Linn.).

Calandra Lark.

321. Melanocorypha bimaculata (Menetr.).

Eastern Calandra Lark.

322. Melanocorypha sibirica (Gmel.).

White-winged Lark.

323. Melanocorypha yeltoniensis (Forst.).

Black Lark.

324. Rhampliocorys clotbey (Bp.).

Thick-billed Lark.

325. Otocorys alpcstris, Linn.

Shore-Lark.

29

326. Otoconjs penicillata (Gould).

Eastern Shore-Lark.

327. Otoconjs bilopha (Riipp.).

Algerian Shore-Lark.

Sections. OSCINESCTJLTBIROSTBES.
Family STURNLD.E.

328. Sturnus vulgaris, Linn.

Common Starling.

329. Sturnus unicolor, De la Marm.

Sardinian Starling.

330. Sturnus purpurascens, Gould.

Purple-winged Starling.

331. Pastor roseus (Linn.).

Rose-coloured Starling.

Family COEVID^E.

332. Pyrrhocorax cjraculus (Linn.).

Ked-billed Chough.

333. Pyrrlwcorax alpinus, Koch.

Alpine Chough.

334. Podoces panderi, Fischer.

Pander's Ground-Chough,

335. Nttcifraga caryocatactes (Linn.).

Nutcracker.

336. Perisoreus infaustus (Linn.).

Siberian Jay.

337. Garrulus glandarius (Linn.).

Common Jay.

30

338. Garrulus hyrcanus (Blanford).

Persian Jay.

339. Garrulus minor (Verreaux).

African Jay.

340. Garrulus brandti, Eversm.

Brandt's Jay.

341. Garrulus atricapHhis, St. Hilaire.

Syrian Jay.

342. Garrulus krynicki, Kalenicz.

Black-headed Jay.

343. Garrulus cervicalis, Bp.

Algerian Black-headed Jay.

344. Cyanopica cooki, Bp.

Azure-winged Magpie.

345. Pica rustica (Scop.).

Magpie.

346. Pica mauritanica, Malh.

Moorish Magpie.

347. Corvus monedula, Linn.

Jackdaw.

348. Corvus corone, Linn.
Carrion-Crow.

349. Corvus cornix, Linn.
Hooded Crow.

350. Corvus frugilegus, Linn.
Book.

351. Corvus corax, Linn.
Raven.

352. Corvus tingitanus, Irby.
Tangier Haven.

31

353. Corvus affinis, Riipp.
Fantailed Raven.

354. Corvus umbrinus, Hedeub.
Brown-necked Raven.

Order II. MACROCHIRES.

Family CYPSELHXE.

355. Cypselns apus (Linn.).

Common Swift.

356. Cypselus affinis, J. E. Gray.

White-rumped Swift.

357. Cypselus pallidus, Shelley.

Pallid Swift.

358. Cypselus unicolor, Jard.

Madeiran Swift.

359. Cypselus mclba (Linn.).

Alpine Swift.

360. Acantliyllis caudacuta (Lath.).

Needle-tailed Swift.

Family CAPRIMULGID.E.

361. Caprimulgus europ&us, Linn.

Common Nightjar.

362. Caprimulgus agyptius, Licht.

Egyptian Nightjar.

363. Caprimulgus ruficollis, Temm.

Russet-necked Nightjar.

32
Order III. PICI.

Family PICID.E.
Subfamil

364. Picus martins, Linn.

Great Black Woodpecker.

365. Dendrocopus major, Linn.

Great Spotted Woodpecker.

366. Dendrocopus leucopterus, Salvad.

White-winged Woodpecker.

367. Dendrocopus pcelzami, Bogd.

Caucasian Spotted Woodpecker.

368. Dendrocopus numidicus, Mahl.

Algerian Pied Woodpecker.

369. Dendrocopus mauritanus, Brehm.

Moorish Pied Woodpecker.

370. Dendrocopus syriacus, Ehr.

Syrian Pied Woodpecker.

371. Dendrocopus leuconotus, Bechst.

White-backed Woodpecker.

372. Dendrocopus lilfordi, Sharpe & Dresser.

Grecian Woodpecker.

373. Dendrocopus mcdius, Linn.

Middle Spotted Woodpecker.

374. Dendrocopus sancti-johannis (Blanf.).

Persian Woodpecker.

375. Dendrocopus minor, Linn.

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker.

376. Dendrocopus pipra, Pall.

Siberian Lesser Spotted Woodpecker.

33

877. Dendrocopus danfordi, Hargitt.

Turkish Lesser Spotted Woodpecker.

378. Picoides tridactylus (Linn.).

Three-toed Woodpecker.

379. Gecinus viridis (Linn.).

Green Woodpecker.

380. Gecinus sharpii, Saunders.

Spanish Green Woodpecker.

381. Gecinus vaillanti (Malh.).

Algerian Green Woodpecker.

382. Gecinus canus (Gmel.).

Grey-headed Green Woodpecker.

383. Gecinus flavirostris, Zarudny.

Yellow-billed Green Woodpecker.

Subfamily IYNGIN&.

384. lynx torquilla, Linn.

Wryneck.

DESMOGNATH^E.
Order I. COCCYGES.

Suborder COCCYGES ANISO-
DACTYLL

Family ALCEDINID.E.

385. Alcedo ispida, Linn.

Common Kingfisher.

386. Ceryle rudis (Linn.).

Pied Kingfisher.

387. Halcyon smyrnensis (Linn.).

Smyrna Kingfisher.

34
Family COKACIID^E.

388. Coracias garrulus, Linn.
Common Eoller.

389. Coracias indicus, Linn.
Indian Roller.

Family MEROPID.E.

390. Merops apiaster, Linn.
Common Bee-eater.

391. Merops persicus, Pall.

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater.

392. Merops viridis, Linn.

Little Green Bee-eater.

Family UPUPID.E.

393. Upupa epops, Linn.
Hoopoe.

Suborder COCCYGES ZYGO-
DACTYLL

Family CUCULIML

394. Cuculus canorus, Linn.
Cuckoo.

395. Coccystes glandarius (Linn.).

Great Spotted Cuckoo.

396. Coccyzus americanus (Linn.).

Yellow-billed Cuckoo.

397. Coccyzus erythroplitlialmus (Wils.).
Black-billed Cuckoo.

35

Order II. ACCIPITRES.

Suborder STRIGES.
Family

398. Strix flammea, Liuu.
Barn- Owl.

Family BUBONID.E.

399. Asio otus (Linn.).

Long-eared Owl.

400. Asio accipitrinus (Pall.).

Short-eared Owl.

401. Asio capensis (Smith).

Cape Eared Owl.

402. Syrnium aluco (Linn.).

Tawny Owl.

403. Syrnium uralense (Pall.)

Ural Owl.

404. Syrnium lapponicum (Sparrm.).

Lapp Owl.

405. Nyctea scandiaca (Linn.).

Snowy Owl.

406. Surniaulula(Linn.).

Hawk-Owl.

407. Surnia funerea, Linn.

American Hawk-Owl.

408. Nyctala tengmalmi (Gmel.).

Tengmalm's Owl.

5

36

409. Scops giu (Scop.).

Scops Owl.

410. Scops brucii (Hume).

Pallid Scops Owl.

411. Bubo ignavtis, Forst.

Eagle-Owl.

412. Bubo ascalaphus, Savigny.

Egyptian Eagle-Owl.

413. Glaucidium passerinum (Linn.).

Pygmy Owl.

414. Athene noctua (Eetz.).

Little Owl.

415. Athene glaux

Southern Little Owl.

416. Athene bactriana (Hutton).
Eastern Little Owl.

Suborder ACCIPITRES.

Family VULTUKULE.

417. Gypsfulvus (Gmel.).

Griffon-Vulture.

418. Vultur monachus, Linn.

Black Vulture.

419. Neophron percnopterus (Linn.).

Egyptian Vulture.

420. Gypaetus barbatus (Linn.).

Bearded Vulture.

37
Family FALCONID^E.

421. Circus ccruginosus (Linn.).

Marsh-Harrier.

422. Circus cyaneus (Linn.).

Hen-Harrier.

423. Circus cineraceus (Mont.).

Montagu's Harrier.

424. Circus swainsoni, Smith.

Pallid Harrier.

425. Buteo vulgaris, Leach.

Common Buzzard.

426. Buteo desertorum (Daud.).

African Buzzard.

427. Buteo ferox (Gmel.).

Long-legged Buzzard.

428. Archibuteo lagopus (Gmel.).

Eough-legged Buzzard.

429. Aqtiilapennata(Gmel.).

Booted Eagle.

430. Aquila pomarina, C. L. Brehm.

Lesser Spotted Eagle.

431. Aquila clanga, Pall.

Larger Spotted Eagle.

432. Aquila nipalensis, Hodgs.

Steppe-Eagle.

433. Aquila rapax (Temm.).

Tawny Eagle.

434. Aquila heliaca, Savigny.

Imperial Eagle.

38

435. Aquila adalberti, L. Brehni.

Spanish Imperial Eagle.

436. Agidla chrysaetus (Linn.).

Golden Eagle.

437. Haliaetus albicilla (Linn.).

White-tailed Eagle.

438. Haliaetus leucoryplius, Pall.

Pallas's White-tailed Eagle.

439. Circaetus gallicus (Gmel.).

Short-toed Eagle.

440. Nisaetus fasciatus (Vieill.).

Bonelli's Eagle.

441. Astur palumbarius, Linn.

Goshawk.

442. Accipiter nisus (Linn.).

Sparrow-Hawk.

443. Accipiter badius (Gmel.).

Shikra.

444. Accipiter brevipes (Severtz.).
Levant Sparrow-Hawk.

445. Milvus ictinus, Savigny.
Red Kite.

446. Milvus migrans (Bodd.).
Black Kite.

447. Milvus melanotis (Temm. & Schleg.) .
Black-eared Kite.

448. Milvus (sgyptius (Gmel.).
Arabian Kite.

449. Elanus cceruleus (Desf.).
Black- winged Kite.

39

450. Pernis apivorus (Linn.).

Honey-Buzzard.

451. Falco candicans, Gmel.

Greenland Falcon.

452. Falco islandus, Gmel.

Iceland Falcon.

453. Falco gyrfalco, Linn.

Jerfalcon.

454. Falco peregrinus, Tunstall,

Peregrine Falcon.

455. Falco minor, Bp.

Lesser Peregrine.

456. Falco barbarus, Linn.

Barbary Falcon.

457. Falco feldeggi, Schlegel.

Lanner.

458. Falco sacer, Gmel.

Saker.

459. Falco milvipes, Hodgson.

Shanghar Falcon.

460. Falco subbuteo, Linn

Hobby.

461. Falco eleonorce, Gene.

Eleonoran Falcon.

462. Falco asalon, Tunstall.

Merlin.

463. Falco vespcrtinus, Linn.

Red-footed Falcon.

464. Falco tinnunculus, Linn.

Kestrel.

40

465. Falco cenchris, Naum.
Lesser Kestrel.

466. Pandion haliaetus (Linn.).
Osprey.

Order III. STEGANOPODES.
Family PELECANID^.

467. Phalacrocorax carbo (Liiin.).

Cormorant.

468. Phalacrocorax graculus (Linn. ).

Shag.

469. Phalacrocorax africanus (Gmel.).

African Cormorant.

470. Phalacrocorax pygmceus, Pall.

Pygmy Cormorant.

471. Sula bassana (Linn,).

Gannet.

472. Pelecanus onocrotalus, Linn.
Roseate Pelican.

473. Pelecanus crispus, Bruch.
Dalmatian Pelican.

Order IV. HERODII.
Family AEDEID^E.

474. Ardea cinerea, Linn.

Common Heron.

475. Ardea purpurea, Linn.

Purple Heron.

41

476. Ardea melanocephala, Childr.

Black-necked Heron.

477. Ardea alba, Linn.

Great White Egret.

478. Ardea garzetta, Linn.

Lesser Egret.

479. Ardea bubulcus, Audouin.

Buff-backed Heron.

480. Ardea ralloides, Scop.

Squacco Heron.

481. Ardetta minuta (Linn.).

Little Bittern.

482. Nycticorax griseus (Linn.).

Night-Heron.

483. Botaurus stellaris (Linn.).

Bittern.

484. Botaurus lentiginosus (Mont.).

American Bittern.

Family CICONIID^E.

485. Ciconia alba, Bechst.

White Stork.

486. Ciconia nigra (Linn.)

Black Stork.

Family PLATALEID^E.

487. Platalea leucorodia, Linn.
Spoonbill.

Family IBID^E.

488. Ibis comata (Riipp.).
Red cheeked Ibis.

42

489. Ibis cethiopica, Lath.
Sacred Ibis.

490. Plegadis falcinellus (Linn.).
Glossy Ibis.

Family PHCENICOPTERID^E.

491. Phcenicopterus roseus, Pall.
Flamingo.

Order V. ANSERES.
Family ANATIDvE.

492. Anser cinereus, Meyer.

Grey Lag-Goose.

493. Anser segetum (Gmel.).

Bean-Goose.

494. Anser brachyrhyncus, Baill.
Pink-footed Goose.

495. Anser albifrons (Scop.).
White-fronted Goose.

496. Anser erythropus (Linn.).

Lesser White-fronted Goose.

497. Bernicla brenta (Pall.).
Brent Goose.

498. Bernicla leucopsis (Bechst.).
Bernacle Goose.

499. Bernicla ruficollis (Pall.).
Red-breasted Goose.

500. Chen albatus (Cassin).
Cassin's Snow-Goose.

501. Chen hyberboreus (Pall.).
Snow-Goose.

502. Cygnus olor (Gmel.).
Mute Swan.

503. Cygnus immutabilis, Yarr.
Polish Swan.

504. Cygnus musicus, Bechst.
Whooper Swan.

505. Cygnus bewicki, Yarr.
Bewick's Swan.

506. Tadorna cornuta (Gmel.).
Common Sheld-duck.

507. Casarca rutila (Pall.).
Buddy Sheld-duck.

508. Anas boscas (Linn.).
Mallard.

509. Chaulelasmus streperus (Linn.).
Gadwall.

510. Spatula clypeata (Linn. ).
Shoveller.

511. Marmaronetta angustirostris (MSnetr.).
Marbled Duck.

512. Nettion crecca (Linn.).
Common Teal.

513. Nettion carolinense (Gmel.).

American Green-winged Teal.

514. Nettion formosum (Georgi.).
Baikal Teal.

515. Querquedula circia (Linn.).

Garganey Teal.

516. Querquedula discors (Linn.)

Blue- winged Teal.

517. Eunetta falcata (Georgi )

Falcated Teal.

518. Dafila acuta (Linn.)

Pintail.

519. Mareca penelope (Linn.).

Common Wigeon.

520. Mareca americana (Gm.).

American Wigeon.

521. Netta rufina (Pall.).

Eed-crested Pochard.

522. Fuligula ferina (Linn.)

Pochard.

523. Fuligula nyroca. Quid (Flem )

White-eyed Duck.

524. Fuligula niarila (Linn.).

Scaup.

525. Fuligula cristata (Leach)

Tufted Duck.

526. Clangula glaucion (Linn.).

Goldeneye.

527. Clangula islandica (Gmel.).
" Barrow's Goldeneye.

528. Clangula albeola (Linn.).

Buffel-headed Duck.

529. Harelda glacialis (Linn.).

Long-tailed Duck.

530. Cosmonetta histrionica (Linn.).

Harlequin Duck.

45

531. Somateria mollissima (Linn )

Eider Duck.

532. Somateria spectabilis (Linn )

King-Eider.

533. Heniconctta stelleri (Pall.)

Steller's Duck.

534. CEdemianigra (Linn.).

Common Scoter.

535. (Edemia fnsca (Linn. ) .

Velvet-Scoter.

536. (Edemia perspicillata (Linn )

Surf-Scoter. -

537. Erismatura leucocephala (Scop )

White-headed Duck.

538. Mergus castor, Linn.

Goosander.

539. Mergus serrator, Linn.

Red-breasted Merganser.

540. Mergus albellus, Linn.

Smew.

541. Lophodytes cucullatus (Linn.).

Hooded Merganser.

SCHIZOGNATH.E.

Order I. COLUMBJJ.

Family COLUMBLD.E.

542. Columba palumbus, Linn.
King-Dove.

46

543. Columba casiotis (Bp.).

Eastern Eing-Dove.

544. Columba livia, Bonnat.

Bock-Dove.

545. Columba cenas, Linn.
Stock-Dove.

546. Columba eversmanni, Bp.

Indian Stock-Dove.

547. Columba bollii, Godm.

Bolle's Pigeon.

548. Columba laurivora, Webb & Berth.

Canarian Pigeon.

549. Columba trocaz, Heinek.

Madeiran Pigeon.

550. Turtur communis, Selby.

Turtle-Dove.

551. Turtur orientalis (Lath.) .
Asiatic Turtle-Dove.

552. Turtur isabellinus, Bp.

Isabelline Turtle-Dove.

553. Turtur risorius (Linn.).
Collared Turtle-Dove.

554. Turtur senegalensis (Linn.).

Egyptian Turtle-Dove.

555. Turtur cambayensis (Gm.).

Indian Turtle-Dove.

Family PTEKOCLID.E.

556. Pterocles arenarius (Pall.).

Black-bellied Sand-Grouse.

47

557. Pterocles alchata (Linn.).
Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse.

558. Pterocles senegallus, Linn.
Senegal Sand-Grouse.

559. Pterocles coronatus, Licht.
Coronetted Sand-Grouse.

560. Syrrhaptes paradoxus (Pall.).
Pallas's Sand-Grouse.

Order II. GALLING.

Family PHASIANID.E.

561. Phasianus colchicus, Linn.
Pheasant.

562. Phasianus torqatus, Linn.

Chinese Ring-necked Pheasant.

563. Phasianus persicus, Severtz.

Persian Pheasant.

564. Phasianus principalis, Sclater.

Murghab Pheasant.

565. Caccabis saxatilis (Meyer).

Greek Partridge.

566. Caccabis chukar (G. B. Gray).

Chukor Partridge.

567. Caccabis rufa (Linn.).

Bed-legged Partridge.

568. Caccabis petrosa (Gmel.).

Barbary Partridge.

569. Ammoperdix bonhami (G. B. Gray).

Seesee Partridge.

570. Francolinus vtilgaris, Steph.
Francolin.

571. Francolinus bicalcaratus (Linn.).

Senegal Francolin.

572. Perdix cinerea, Lath.

Partridge.

573. Coturnix comimmis, Bonnat.

Common Quail.

Family TETKAONIDJE.

574. Lagopus mutits, Leach.

Common Ptarmigan.

575. Lagopus rupestris (Gmel.).

Bock-Ptarmigan.

576. Lagopus liemileucurus, Gould.

Spitsbergen Ptarmigan.

577. Lagopus albus (Gmel.).

Willow-Grouse.

578. Tjagopus scoticus (Lath.).
Red Grouse.

579. Bonasa betulina (Scop.).
Hazel-Grouse.

580. Bonasa qriseiventris (Menzb.).
Menzbier's Hazel-Grouse.

581. Tetrao tetrix, Linn.
Black Grouse.

582. Tetrao mlokosiewiczi, Taczan.

Georgian Black Grouse.

583. Tetrao urogallus, Linn.

Capercaillie.

584. Tetrao uralensis (Severtz. & Menzb.).

Ural Capercaillie.

585. Tetraogallus caucasicus (Pall. ).

Caucasian Snow-Partridge.

586. Tetraogallus caspius (Gmel.).

Caspian Snow-Partridge.

Family TUKNICID.E.

587. Turnix sylvatica (Desf.).

Andalucian Hemipode.

Order III. GRALLJ1.

Family KALLID^.

588. Rallus aquations, Linn.
Water-Kail.

589. Porzana maruetta (Leach).
Spotted Crake.

590. Porzana bailloni (Vieill.).
Baillon's Crake.

591. Porzana parva (Scop.).
Little Crake.

592. Crex pratensis, Bechst.
Land-Bail.

593. Porphyrio cceruleus (Vandelli).

Purple Gallinule.

594. Porphyrio poliocephalus (Lath.).

Indian Gallinule.

595. Porphyrio smaragdotiotus, Temm.
Green-backed Gallinule.

50

596. Porphyrio alleni, T. B. H. Thomps.
Allen's Gallinule.

597. Gallinula chloropus (Linn.).
Moorhen.

598. Fulica atra, Linn.
Common Coot.

599. Fulica cristata, Gmel.
Crested Coot.

Family

600. Grus communis, Bechst.
Common Crane,

601. Grus virgo (Linn. ).
Demoiselle Crane.

602. Grus leucogeramis, Pall.
Siberian Crane.

603. Grus antigone (Linn.).
Saras Crane.

OrderlV. LIMICOLJ].
Family OTID.E.

604. Otis tarda, Linn.
Great Bustard.

605. Otis tetrax, Linn.
Little Bustard.

606. Otis undulata (Jacq.).
Houbara Bustard.

607. Otis tnacqueeni, J. E. Gray.
Macqueen's Bustard.

Family (EDICNEMID^E.

608. (Edicnemus scolopax (Gmel.).
Stone-Curlew.

Family GLAEEOLID^S.

609. Glareola pratincola, Linn.
Common Pratincole.

610. Glareola melanoptera, Nordm.
Nordmann's Pratincole.

Family CHARADRIID.E.

611. Cursorius gallicus (Gmel.).
Cream-coloured Courser.

612. Charadrius pluvialis, Linn.
Golden Plover.

613. C/iaradrius fulvus, Gmel.
Eastern Golden Plover.

614. Squatarola helvetica (Linn.).
Grey Plover.

615. &giaUtis geoffroyi (Wagl.).
Great Sand-Plover.

616. JEgialiiis asiatica (Pall.).
Caspian Plover.

617. dZgialitis cantiana (Latli.).
Kentish Plover.

618. JEgialitis hiaticula (Linn.).

Kinged Plover.

619. sEgialitiscuronica (GmeJ.).

Lesser Ringed Plover.

52

620. sEgialitis vocifera (Linn.)

Killdeer Plover.

621. ^Egialitispecuaria,Temm.

Kittlitz's Plover.

622. Eudromias morinellus (Linn.)

Dotterel.

623. Pluviamis agyptius (Linn.).

Black-headed Plover.

624. Chettusia gregaria (Pall.).

Sociable Plover.

625. Chettusia leucura (Licht.).

White-tailed Plover.

626 Hoplopterus spinosus (Linn.).
Spur- winged Plover.

627. Lobivanellus indicus (Bodd.).

Bed-wattled Lapwing.

628. Vanellus vulgaris, Bechst.

Lapwing.

629. Strepsilas interpres (Linn.).

Turnstone.

630. Hccmatopus ostralegus, Linn.

Oystercatcher.

631. Hcematopus moquini, Bp.

African Black Oystercatcher.

Family SCOLOPACID^.

632. Recurvirostra avocetta, Linn.
Avocet.

633. Himantopus candidus. Bonnat.
Stilt.

634. Plialaropus hyperboreus (Linn.).

Ked-necked Phalarope.

635. Phalaropus fulicarius, Liun.

Grey Phalarope.

636. Scolopax rusticula, Linn.

Woodcock.

637. Gallinago major (Gmel.).

Great Snipe.

638. Gallinago ccelestis (Frenzel).

Common Snipe.

639. Gallinago gallinula (Linn.).

Jack Snipe.

640. Limicola platyrhyncha (Temm.).

Broad-billed Sandpiper.

641. Tringa maculata, Vieill.

Pectoral Sandpiper.

642. Tringa acuminata (Horsf.).

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper.

643. Tringa fuscicollis, Vieill.

Bonaparte's Sandpiper.

644. Tringa alpina, Linn.

Dunlin.

645. Tringa minuta, Leisl.

Little Stint.

646. Tringa tcmmincki, Leisl.

Temminck's Stint.

647. Tringa minutilla, Vieill.

American Stint.

648. Tringa stibarquata (Giild.).

Curlew- Sandpiper.

54

649. Tringa striata, Linn.

Purple Sandpiper.

650. Tringa canutus, Linn.

Knot.

651. Machetes pugnax (Linn.)

Ruff.

652. Calidris arenaria (Linn.).

Sanderling.

653. Tryngites rufescens (Vieill.).

Buff-breasted Sandpiper.

654. Bartramia longicauda (Bechst.).

Bartram's Sandpiper.

655. Totanus hypoleucus (Linn.).

Common Sandpiper.

656. Totanus macularius (Linn.).

Spotted Sandpiper.

657. Totanus ochropus (Linn.).

Green Sandpiper.

658. Totanus glareola (Linn.).

Wood-Sandpiper.

659. Totanus solitarius (Wils.).

Solitary Sandpiper.

660. Totanus stagnatilis (Bechst.).

Marsh- Sandpipe r .

661. Totanus calidris (Linn.).

Common Redshank.

662. Totanus fuscus (Linn.).

Spotted Redshank.

663. Totanus canescens (Gmel.).

Greenshank.

55

664. Totanus flavipes (Gmel.).
Yellowshank.

665. Macroramphus griseus (Gmel.).

Red-breasted Snipe.

666. Terekia cinerea (Guild).

Terek Sandpiper.

667. Limosa lapponica (Linn.).

Bar-tailed Godwit.

668. Limosa agocephala (Linn.).

Black-tailed Godwit.

669. Numenius borealis (Forst.).

Eskimo Curlew.

670. Numenius plimopus (Linn.).
Whimbrel.

670a. Numenius hudsonicus, Lath.
Hudsonian Curlew.

671. Numenius tenuirostris, Vieill.
Slender-billed Curlew.

672. Numenius arquata (Linn.).
Common Curlew.

Order V. GAVLffi.

Family LAEID^E.

Subfamily STERNIN^E.

673. Sterna macrura, Naum.
Arctic Tern.

674. Sterna fluviatilis, Naum.
Common Tern.

675. Sterna dougalli, ]\Iout.
Roseate Tern.

56

676. Sterna minuta, Linn.
Little Tern.

677. Sterna media, Cretzchm.
Allied Tern.

678. Sterna caspia, Pall.

Caspian Tern.

679. Sterna maxima, Bodd.

Royal Tern.

680. Sterna anglica, Mont.

Gull-billed Tern.

681. Sterna cantiaca, Gmel.
Sandwich Tern.

682. Sterna fuliginosa, Gmel.

Sooty Tern.

683. Anous stolidus, Linn.

Noddy.

684. Hydrochelidon hybrida (Pall.).

Whiskered Tern.

685. Hydrochelidon leucoptera (Schinz).

White- winged Black Tern.

686. Hydrochelidon nigr a (Linn.).

Black Tern.

Subfamily LARINJE.

687. Xema sabinii (Sabine).
Sabine's Gull.

688. Rhodostethia rosea (Macgill.).
Cuneate-tailed Gull.

57

689. Pagopliila eburnca (Phipps).
Ivory Gull.

690. Larus ridibundus, Linn.
Black-headed Gull.

691. Larus melanoccplialus, Natt.
Adriatic Gull.

(592. Larus Philadelphia (Ord.).
Bonaparte's Gull.

693. Larus ichthyaetus, Pall.

Great Black-headed Gull.

694. Larus minutus, Pall.
Little Gull.

695. Larus canus, Linn.
Common Gull.

696. Larus gelastes, Licht.
Slender-billed Gull.

697. Larus audouini, Payr.
Audouin's Gull.

698. Larus argentaius, Gmel.

Herring-Gull.

699. Larus cachinnans, Pall.

Yellow-legged Herring-Gull.

700. Larus affinis, Reinh.

Siberian River-Gull.

701. Larus fuscus, Linn.

Lesser Black-backed Gull.

702. Larus marinus, Linn.

Great Black-backed Gull.

703. Larus glaucus, Fabr.

Glaucous Gull.

58

704. Larus leucopterus, Faber.
Iceland Gull.

705. Rissa tridactyla (Linn.).
Kittiwake.

Subfamily STERCORARIIN.E.

706. Stercorarius catarrhactes, Linn.
Great Skua.

707. Stercorarius pomatorhinus (Temm.
Pomatorhine Skua.

708. Stercorarius crepidatus (Banks).
Richardson's Skua.

709. Stercorarius parasitius (Linn.).
Buffon's Skua.

Order VI. TURBINARES.
Family PROCELLARIID^.

710. Procellaria pelagica, Linn.
Storm-Petrel.

711. Oceanodroma Icucorrhoa (Vieill.).
Leach's Petrel.

712. Oceanodroma castro, Harcourt.
Harcourt's Petrel.

713. Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl.).
Wilson's Petrel.

714. Pelagodroma marina (Lath.).

Frigate Petrel.

715. Puffinus kuhli (Boie).

Mediterranean Great Shearwater.

59

716. Puffinus anglorum (Temm.).

Manx' Shearwater.

717. Puffinus griseus (Gmel.).

Sooty Shearwater.

718. Puffinus obscurus (Gmel.).

Dusky Shearwater.

719. Puffinus assimilis, Gould.

Gould's Shearwater.

720. Puffinus grams (O'Reilly).

Great Shearwater.

721. Fulmarus glacialis, Linn.

Fulmar.

722. CEstrelata hasitata (Kuhl).

Capped Petrel.

723. CEstrelata brevipes (Peale).

Short-toed Petrel.

724. CEstrelata mollis, Gould.

Soft-plumaged Petrel.

725. Bulweria bulweri (Jard & Selby).

Bulwer's Petrel.

Family DIOMEDEA.

726. Diomedia melanophrys.

Black-browed Albatross.

Order VII. ALCJ1.
Family ALCHXE.

727. Alca torda, Linn.

Razorbill.

728. Alca impennis, Linn.

Garcfowl.

60

729. Lomvia troile (Linn.).

Common Guillemot.

730. Lomvia bruennichi (Sabine).

Briinnich's Guillemot.

731. Uria grylle (Linn.).

Black Guillemot.

732. Uria mandti, Licht.

Spitsbergen Guillemot.

733. Mergulus alle (Linn.).

Little Auk.

734. Fratercula arctica (Linn.).

Puffin.

Order VIII. PYGOPODES.
Family COLYMBID.E.

735. Colymbus glacialis, Linn.

Great Northern Diver.

736. Colymbus adamsi, G. R.Gray.

Yellow- billed Diver.

737. Colymbus arcticus, Linn.

Black-throated diver.

738. Colymbus septentrionalis, Linn.

Red-throated Diver.

Family PODICIPEDID.E.

739. Podicipes cristatus (Linn. ).

Great Crested Grebe.

740. Podicipes griseigena (Bodd.)

Red-necked Grebe.

741. Podicipes auritus (Linn.).

Sclavonian Grebe.

61

742. Podicipes nigricollis (C. L. Brehm).

Black-necked Grebe.

743. Podicipes fluviatilis (Tunstall).

Little Grebe.

LIST of Birds recorded as having occurred in the Western
Palcearciic Area, but which are not considered en-
titled to admission.

1. Turdus pallidus, Gm.

Pallid Thrush.

2. Turdus olivaceus, Linn.

Olive Thrush.

3. Turdus migratorius, Linn.

American Robin.

4. Oreocincla dauma (Lath.).

Himalayan Ground-Thrush.

5. Harporliynclms rufus (Linn.).

Brown Thrasher.

6. Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Linn. ).

Cat-Bird.

7. Cinclus pallasi, Temm.

Pallas's Dipper,

8. Eegulus calendula (Linn.).

Buby-crowned Kinglet.

9. Phylloscopus coronatus (Temm.).

Grey-legged Willow- Wren.

10. Dendrcaca virens (Gm.).

Black-throated Green Warbler.

11. Parus minor (Schlegel).

Japanese Grey Titmouse.

62

12. LophopluMies bicolor (Linn.).

Tufted Titmouse.

13. Lanius ludovicianus, Linn.

American Grey Shrike.

14. Vireo olivaceus (Linn.).

Red-eyed Flycatcher.

15. Ampelis cedrorum (Vieill.).

Cedar-Bird.

16. Tachycineta bicolor (Vieill.).

White-bellied Swallow.

17. Progne subis (Linn.).

Purple Martin.

18. Chelidon cashmiriensis, Gould.

Kashmir Martin.

19. Cyanospiza ciris (Linn.).

Painted Bunting.

20. Serinus icterus (Bonn. & Vieill.).

Golden-rumped Seedeater.

21. Carpodacus roseus (Pall.).

Rose Finch.

22. Carpodacus rhodochlamys (Brandt.).

Red-mantled Rose Finch.

23. Zonotrichia albicollis (Gm.).

White-throated Sparrow.

24. Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linn.).

Bobolink.

25. Junco hiemalis (Linn.).

Black Snow-Bird.

26. Emberiza fucata, Pall.

Grey-headed Bunting.

27. AgelcBUS phceniceus (Linn.).

Red-winged Starling.

63

28. Scolecophagus ferrugineus (Gmel.),

Eusty Grackle.

29. Sturnella magna (Linn.).

Meadow-Starling.

30. Caprimulgus nubicus, Lieut.

Nubian Goatsucker.

31. Dendrocopus villosus, Forst.

Hairy Woodpecker.

32. Dendrocopus 2mbescens, Linn.

Downy Woodpecker.

33. Colaptes auratus (Linn.).

Golden-winged Woodpecker.

34. Ceryle alcyon (Linn.).

Belted Kingfisher.

35. Coracias abyssinicus, Gm.

Abyssinian Roller.

36. Merops philippinus, Linn.

Blue-tailed Bee-eater.

37. Cuculus himalayanus, Blyth.

Himalayan Cuckoo.

38. Syrnium nebulosum (Forst.).

Barred Owl.

39. Nyctala acadica (Gmel.).

Saw -whet Owl.

40. Scops asio (Linn.).

American Screech-Owl.

41. Bilbo sibiricus (Schl. & Susem).

Siberian Eagle-Owl.

42. Otogyps auricularis (Daud.).

Northern Sociable Vulture.

43. Buteo borealis (Gmel.).

Red-tailed Buzzard.

64

44. Buteo lineatus (Gmel.).

Red-shouldered Buzzard.

45. Archibuteo sancti-johannis (Gmel.).

American Rough-legged Buzzard.

46. Astur atricapillus (Wils.).

American Goshawk.

47. Accipiter granti, Sharpe.

Madeiran Sparrow-Hawk.

48. Melierax gabar (Daud. ).

Red-billed Hawk.

49. Elanoides furcatus (Linn.).

Swallow-tailed Kite.

50. Falco concolor, Temm.

Sooty Falcon.

51. Bubulcus coromandus (Bodd.).

Cattle-Egret.

52. Ardeola sturmi (Wagl. \

African Dwarf-Bittern.

53. Butorides rirescens (Linn.).

Green Heron.

54. Plectropterus gambensis (Linn.).

Spur-winged Goose.

55. Chenalopex cegyptiacus (Linn.),

Egyptian Goose.

56. Anser cygnoides (Linn.).

Chinese Goose.

57. Anser indicus (Lath.).

Bar-headed Goose.

58. Bernicla canadensis (Linn.).

Canada Goose.

59. Bernicla canagica (Sevast.).

Emperor Goose.

65

60. Cijgnus americanus, Sharpless.

American Swan.

61. Cygnns buccinator, Richardson.

Trumpeter- Swan.

62. Cairina moschata (Linn.).

Muscovy Duck.

63. Dendrocygna javanica (Horsf.).

Tree-Duck.

64. JEx sponsa (Linn.).

Summer-Duck.

65. Fuligula collaris (Donov.).

Ring-necked Duck.

66. Fuligula affinis, Eyton.

Lesser Scaup.

67. Ectopistes migratorius (Linn.).

Passenger-Pigeon.

68. Ortyx virginianus (Linn.).

Virginian Quail.

69. Porzana Carolina (Linn.).

Carolina Bail.

70. Porpliyrio martinicus (Linn.).

Martinique Gallinule.

71. Balearica pavonina (Linn.).

Balearic Crane.

72. (Edicnemus senegalensis, Sw.

Senegal Thick-knee.

73. Charadrius dominicus, Mull.

American Golden Plover.

74. JEgialitis mongolica (Pall.).

Mongolian Plover.

75. Gallinago wilsoni (Temm.).

Wilson's Snipe.

66

76. Symphemia semipalmata (Gm.).
Willet.

77. Sterna bergi, Licht.
Swift Tern.

78. Sterna ancestheta, Scop.
Lesser Sooty Tern.

79. Larus atricilla, Linn.
Laughing Gull.

80. Larus leucopthalmus^ Licht.
White-eyed Gull.

81. Daption capense (Linn.).
Cape Petrel.

82. Prion ariel, Gould.
Fairy Prion.

83. Phaeton ccthereus, Linn.

Tropic-Bird.

84. Diomedia exulans, Linn.

Wandering Albatross.

85. Thalassogeron culminatus (Gould).
Yellow-nosed Albatross.

86. Tachypetes aquilus, Linn.
Frigate-Bird.

Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.).
Giant Petrel.

88. Mormon corniculata, Naum.
Horned Puffin.

89. Podilynibus podicipes (Linn.).
Pied-billed Grebe.