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LIST

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OF THE SPECIMENS OF

BRITISH ANIMALS

THE COLLECTION

BRITISH MUSEUM.

/

PART VII.

MOLLUSCA ACEPHALA AND BRACHIOPODA.

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1851.

PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.

INTRODUCTION.

The principal object of the present Catalogue has been,
to give a complete list of the species of Mollusca which
have been recorded as found in Great Britain, indicating at
the same time the peculiarities of the specimens in the
Museum Collection, as regards state, habitation, condition,
and the source from whence they have been derived.

The synonyms have been given to the various divisions of
the class, and to the genera and subgenera and the species,
and a reference is made to the works in which they have
been characterized and described ; and some attention has
been paid to the date at which the works appeared, to
show the priority of publication of the various names and
groups.

It has been considered desirable, wherever it was possible,
to use the first name which has been given to the various
classes, orders, genera, and species. As far as regards the
specific name, there is comparatively little difficulty in the
application of the simple rule of priority ; but ordinal, and
especially generic names have been used by different authors
in senses so widely different, and the groups which they are
intended to designate have been so variously extended and
restricted, that it is no easy matter to determine, where

IV

INTRODUCTION.

several names have been used, which of them ought to be
preferred. In all such cases, if it is possible to understand
by any means what was intended by the most ancient author,
his name has been used, on the universal principle of treating
each Naturalist as we ourselves would wish to be treated if
we were in his position. As every original observer will con-
stantly make use of characters which others may have over-
looked, or not thought of so much importance as further
research has shown to belong to them ; so when a generic
name is used, it will of necessity be often employed in a
different sense, or with a more restricted, or very rarely a
more extended, meaning than its original proposer applied
to it : if this were not allowed, many names must be added
to the list of genera, which is, as this work proves, already
so overburdened with synonyma.

At the end of each species, after the general habitat, is
added an enumeration stating the state, age and habitat,
and other peculiarities of the specimens of the kind in the
Museum Collection.

JOHN EDWARD GRAY.

LIST OF BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

1. CONCHIFERA.

Mollusca subsilientia, Poli, Test. Sicil. 1791.

Moll, acephales Conchy liferes, LamJc. Syst. 136 (1801).
Conchifera, Lamk. Hist. v. 411, ed. 2. v. 1; Fleming , Phil. Zool. ;

Gray , Syn. B.M. 1840, 1842, 72; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 183.
Acephala testacea, part., Cuvier , Tabl. Elem. 1789 ; Anat. Comp .

1800; Diet. Sci. Nat. i. 131, 1804 ; Fleming, B.A. 225.
Acephales Testaces, part., Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 104 (1812).
Acephalsea conchifera, Lamk. Syst. 105, 1801 ; Phil. Zool. 317,
1809.

Conchophora, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 236.

Acephalsea, Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 1812 ; Desh. E.M. iii. 553.
Lamellibranchiata, Blainv.

Acephalia Bivalvia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815, 146.

Acephales Testacees Lamellibranches, Rang, Man. Mol. 272.
Acephala elaterobranchia, Menke, Syn. 97, 1830 ; Alton, Verz.
Conch. 12, 1839.

Gualtierii ( Testacea ) Bivalvise ( Conchce ), Scopoli, Introd. Hist.

Nat. 386, 396, 1777-
Bivalves, Megerle, Berl. Mag. 1811.

Endocephala, part., Latr. Fam. Nat. 203, 1825.

Pelecypoda, Goldfuss, Handb. Zool. i. 599.

Therozoa acephala, Eichw. Zool. Spec. i. 277-
Acephalophora, part., Blainv. Prod . 1814 ; Diet. Sci. Nat . xxxii.

Malac. 508.

Acephalaeoda, Fischer.

Elatobranchia, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 97, 1830.

Elatobranchiata, Menke, Syn. 57, 1828.

Conchifera (Orthoconchse et Pleuroconchae), D’Orb. Pal. Fran ,
Terr. Cret. iii. 1843.

Conchae, Leach in Ross Voy. Baffin’s Bay, ii. 174, 1819.

A

2

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Bivalvia, Bonnan. Ricreaz. 1681; Major, Doctr . Test. 1. 10, 1675 ;

Lister, Syn. 1686 ; Hebenstreit. Diss. 1728.

Dithyra, Aristotle ; Turton, Bivalves, 1822 ; Swainson, Malac.
253, 361, 1840.

Ditoma, Tournef. in Gualt. Index, 1742.

Conchae (bivalves and multivalves), Adanson, Senegal, 1 95, 260,
1757 ; Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 11. 645, 1758 ; ed. 12. 1073, 1 767.
Bivalvia (Asiphonida et Siphonida), Flem. B. A. 225, 1828.
Concha, Breyn, Dissert. Polyth. 7, 1732; Linn. S. Nat. ed. 2,
ed. 6. 75, not Klein.

Diconchae, Klein , Ostrac. 113, 120, 1753.

Order I. PHYLLOPODA.

Phyllopoda, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 237; Syn. B.M. 1840,
1842, 74, 91 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 183.

Acephales lamellipedes, Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812.

Concliifera (dimyaria lamellipedia), Lamk. Hist.

Conch, lamellipedes, Lamk. Hist.

Cardiaces, Cuvier, R. A. ; Ferussac, Prod. 39.

Cardia, Fichw. Zool. Spec. i. 280.

Cardiacea, Menke, Syn. 109.

Lamellipedes, Brown, Conch. Text-Book, ed. 6.136,1833; Hanley ,
III. Cat. i. 89, 1844.

Dimiaria, part., Lamk. Ann. Mus. x. 389, 1807 ; Extr. du Cour.

1812 ; Swains. Elem. Conch. 1835.

Bimusculosa, part., Gould.

Fam. 1. Ye ne rid ns.

Yeneridae (Les Yeneridees), Leach, Jour. Phys. lxxxviii. 465,
1819; Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840, 1842, 74; Proc. Zool. Soc.
1848, 183; Flem. B.A. 404, 1828.

Callista or Callistoderma, and Arthemis or Arthemiderma, Poli,
Test. Sicil. i. 98, 1791.

Les Conques, part, et Les Lithophages, part., Lamk. Cour. 107,
1812; Hist. v. 501, 556, ed. 2. vi. 263.

Conchaces, § 2, part., Rang, Man. Mol. 306.

Yeneres (Les Yenus), Ferussac, Prod. 44, 1821.

Yeneracea, Menke, Syn. 114, 1830; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.
Lithophaga, Menke, Syn, 117-

Yeneraceae, Menke, Syn. 69, 1828; Hinds, Zool. Sulph. 65.
Yenerina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 210, 1843; Milne- Edw. Elem.
Zool . 1841.

Yenericardia, F. Braun , Verz. Bayr. Petr. 58, 1840.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

3

Concliae marinae, part., Lamk. vi. 263.

Yeneriadae, part., Leach , MSS. 1819; Ann. SfMag. N. H. xx. 2/2.
Cythereadae, D’Orb.

Yenerides, Latr. Fam. Nat. 218, 1825.

Yenerinae, Swains. Malac. 372, 1840.

Cycladina, part., Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825.

a. Meretricina.

Meretricina, Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847.

Meretrix, Lamk. Syst. A.s. V.

Cythereae, Lamk. Hist. A.s. V.

1. Dosinia.

Dosinia (Dosin), Scopoli , Introd. N. H. 339, 1777 ; Herrmannsen ,
Ind. 408.

Chama (Dosin), Adanson, Voy. Seneg.

Artemis and Artemiderma, Poli , Moll. Sicil. i. 98, 1791; Blainv.
Diet. Sci. Nat. x. 216.

Arthemis, Blainv. Malac. 556 ; Desk. ; Philippi , Moll . Sicil.
Orbiculus, Megerle , Entw. 58, 1811.

Exoleta, Brown, Text-Book, 145, 1827.

Assa, i( Leach, MSS. ; Defrance in Bast erot, Bor d. 9pl825.”
Taras, Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 1826. - , '

Yenus ft, Schum. N. Syst. 1817.

Circompholos, Klein, Conch.

Arctoe (Arctoa), Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 362, 1826.

Asa, Leach , 1819. Ann. Sp Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

L Dosinia exoleta.

Yenus exoleta, Linn. S. N. 1134 ; Chemn. vii. 18. t. 38. f. 404 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 81. t. 54. f. 49 a, t. 56. f. 49 ; Donov. B. S.
ii. t. 42. f. 1 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. t. 17. f. 9, 10; Pulteney
Hutchins’ Hist. Dorset, 34 ; Mont. T.B.116; M. Sf R. Linn.
Trans, viii. 87. t. 3. f. 1 ; Dorset Cat. 35. t. 8. f. 5 ; Turton,
Conch. Diet. 241 ; Born. Mus. Cces. t. 5. f. 9 ; Poli, Test. Sic.
t. 21. f. 9-1 1 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 195 ; Ind. Test. t. 8. f. 83 ;
Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 74. f. 2.

Artemis exoleta, Forbes, M. G. S. i. 414. 47 ; Brown, III. C. G. B.
92. t. 36. f. 1-3 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 428. t. 23.
f. 3-4.

Arthemis exoleta, Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 20. f. 9, 10, 11; Philippi,
Abbild. und Bes. i. 171 ; Gray, Analyst; Agassiz; Loven, 39,
283 ; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 92.

a 2

4

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Cytherea exoleta, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 314; Turt. Brit . Biv.
162. t. 8. f. 7 ; Flem. Brit. An. 445 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.
262 ; Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 84 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 41,
ii. 32 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 1 02.

Asa exoleta, Leach, 1819; Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 1847. 272.
Artherais pudica, Artliemiderma exoleta, Poli, ii. 252, 258.
Pectunculus capillaceus, Da Costa , 187. t. 12. f. 5, 5.

Exoleta orbiculata, Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 2, 3, 19, 20.

Exoleta radula, Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 1.

Cytherea sinuata, Turton, Bivalves, t. 10. f. 10, 11.

' Lister , t. 291. f. 127. t. 292. f. 128.
a, b. Scotland.
c — e. Britain.

f. Falmouth harbour. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

g. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
h — t. Britain.

u — y. Bantry Island.

z. Bantry Bay. Presented by Miss Warne.
a a — e e. Aberdour, Fifeshire. Presented by W. Baird, M.D.
ff, var. Ditto. Ditto.

g g, hh, var. Britain.

2. Dosinia lincta.

Venus lincta, Solander, Mus. Portland ; Pulteney Hutchins’ Hist.
Dorset, 34.

Cytherea lincta, Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 315; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.

262 ; Flem. B. A. 445; Hanley, Rec. Shells , i. 102.

Artemis lincta, Forbes, M. G. S. 414-418; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit . Moll. i. 431. t. 28. f. 5, 6.

Exoleta lincta, Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 4.

Arthemis lincta. Gray , Analyst; Agassiz ; Loven,E.M. 39; Brown,
III. C. ed. 2. 92. t. 36. f. 2, 4; Desh.Elem,. Conch, t. 20. f. 12, 13 ;
Philippi, Abbild. und Bes. i. 171 (not Cyth. lincta of Moll.
Sic.).

Venus sinuata, Gmel. S. N. 3285 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 242 ;

(—List. Conch, t. 289. f. 125, t. 290. f. 126.)

Cytherea sinuata, Turt. Biv. 163. 1. 10. f. 10, 11 (not var. nor fig.).
Venus lupina, Linn . S. N. ed. 10. 689 ; Poli, t. 21. f. 8.

Venus lactea, Don. B. S. 1. 149 ; Mont , T. B. Supp. 46.

V. exoleta, Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 209. t. 59. f. 1, ed. 4. iv.
81. t. 56. f. 49.

V. exoleta, jun., Mont. T. B. 117.

V. exoleta, var. /3, M. fy R. Linn. Trans, viii. 87. t. 3. f. 2 ; Dor-
set Cat. 35. t. 1. f. 13.

V. lentiformis. Sow. Min. Conch, i. 203.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

5

Asa lincta, Leach , 1819; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Var. Artemis compta, Loven, Moll. Scand. ; Forbes Sf Hanley ,
B. M. 433.
a — c. Scotland.

d. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

e, f. Plymouth Sound.
g — *o. Devonshire.

2. Mysia.

Mysia (undata), Leach , 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N.H. xx. 1847, 272 ;

King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 242.

Lucinopsis, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 435, 1848.

Venus, part. Pennant, Brit. Zool.

Lucina, part. Turton, Brit. Bivalves, 115.

Cytherea, part. Macgilliv. Malac. Aberd. 263.

Artemis, part. Alder, Cat. North. Moll. 84 ; Recluz.

Dosinia (sect.). Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 183.

1. Mysia undata.

Venus undata, Penn. B. Z . ed. 4. iv. 81. t. 55. f. 51; Wood, Linn .
Trans, vi. t. 17- f. 17, 18 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 241. f. 54 ; Mont.
T. B. 117-574 ; Donov. B. S. iv. 1. 121 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 86 ;
Philippi, Sicil. ii. 34 ; Flem. Brit. An, 448 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells ,
i. 197 ; Ind. Test. t. 8. f. 87 ; Loven, 40, 290.

Lucina undata, Turt. Brit. Biv. 115 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
73; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 98. t. 39. f. 1, 2; Lamk. H. vi.
229 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, 76.

V. incompta, Philippi, Sicil. i. 44, t. 4. f. 9.

Tellina caduca, Scacchi, Not. 15. t. 1. f. 5.

Lucina caduca, Scacchi, Cat. 5.

Cytherea undata, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 263.

Artemis undata, Becluz ; Thompson, Bep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 267 ;

Alder, Cat. North, and Durh. Moll. 84.

Mysia undata, Leach, 1818 ; Ann . Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272 ;
King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 242.

Lucinopsis undata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 435. t. 28.

f. 1, 2. t. M. f. 2, animal.
a — e. Tenby.

f—j. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

Monstrosity, fide Hanley, Brit. Moll. 435.

Venus sinuosa, Penn. Brit. Moll. iv. 81. t. 55. f. 51 a; Mont. Test.
Brit. 120 ; Turton, Bivalves, 154. 1. 10. f. 9? ; Donovan, Brit.
Shells, t. 42. f. 2? (not Lamk. n. 72).

Lucina flexuosa (part.), Desh. ; Lamk. Hist. ; Hanley, Brit. Mar.
Moll., from Donovan.

6

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

3. Dione.

Dione, Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 183.

Venus (Dione), Megerle, 1811 ; Schum. N. Syst. 1817-
Cytherea, part, Lamk. Hist. A.s. V. 1818; Swainson , Malac.
Chione, Gray, in Analyst, 1838 ; not Megerle, 1811.

Callista and Callistoderma, part, Poli, Test. Sicil. 1795.
Pectunculus, sp.. Da Costa, Brit. Shells, 184.

1. Dione glaber.

Venus Chione, Linn. S. N. 1131 =(Lister, Conch, t. 269. f. 105) ;
Don. B. S. i. 1. 17 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. 1. 17. f. 3, 4 ; Mont.
T. B. 115 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 84; Turton, Conch. Diet. 239;
Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 344. t. 32. f. 343 ; Poli, Test. Sic. t. 20.
f. 1, 2; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 176 ; Ind. Test. t. 7 . f. 44 ; Pul-
teney Hutchins’ Dorset, 33 ; Dorset Cat. 35. t. 6. f. 7 ; Blainv.
Man. Malac. t. 74. f. 5; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 206, t. 54. f. 2.
Cytherea Chione, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 305 ; Turt. Brit. Biv.
160. t. 8. f. 1 1 ; Flem. Brit. An. 444 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar .
Conch. 83; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 91. t. 37. f. 2; Desh.
Elem. Conch, t. 19. f. 4, 5 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 40, ii. 31 ;
Hanley, Recent Shells, 98. t. 7- f. 44 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit .
Moll. i. 396. t. 27. t. L. f. 8, animal.

Pectunculus glaber, Da Costa, B. C. 184. 1. 14. f. 7.

Cytheree fauve, Chenu, Traite element, t. 3. f. 10.

Callista coccinea:— C alii stodemia chione, Poli, Sicil. ii. 252, 258.
Cytherea nitidula (young), Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 305 (fide Re-
cluz Philippi).

Regenfuss, Choix, Coq.t. 8. f. 17 ; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 266. f. 1.
Queens, Cornwall,
a — -f. Britain.

g, h. Devonshire (Exmouth).

i. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

j — n, jun. Britain.

4. Circe.

Circe (scripta), Schum. N. Syst. 152, 1817 ; Gray, in Analyst, 1838,
P. Z. S. 1847, 183.

Cytherea, sp., Lamk. Hist.

1. Circe minima.

Venus minima, Mont. T. B. 121. t. 3. f. 3; Linn. Trans, viii. 81 ;
Turt. Conch. Diet. 236 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 166; Ind. Test.
t. 7* f* 17 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 203. no. 7*

Cyprina minima, Turt. Biv. 137 ; Flem. B. A. 444 ; Thorpe, M.
Conch, 82. f. 102 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 95.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

7

Crassina minima. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Cyth. minuta, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 92. t. 37. f. 4.

Circe minima, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 446. t. 26. f. 4, 5,
6, 8, and t. M. f. 3, animal.

Venus triangularis, Mont. T. B. 577- t. 17- f. 3; Linn. Trans.

viii. 83; Turt. Conch. Diet. 238 ; Ind. Test. t. 7. f. 35.
Cyprina triangularis, Turt. Biv. 136. t. 11. f. 19, 20; Flem. B. A.

444 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 82 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 95.
Cytherea triangularis, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 268.

Cyth. apicalis, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 40. t. 4. f. 5.

Circe triangularis. King, Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 112.

Cyth. Cyrilli, Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 32 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells,
Supp. 1. 15. f. 26.

Cyth. minima, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 92. t. 37. f. 3.

a. (Venus triangularis.) Britain. Mus. Montagu.

b. (Venus minima.) Ditto. Ditto.

c. d. Milford Haven. Presented by R. M'Andrew, Esq.
e — h. Oban.

i,j. Lochfyne. Presented by Rev. D. Landsborough.
k — p. Scotland.
q — t. Inverary.

u — w. Lamlash Bay. From Mr. Bean’s Collection.

5. Venus.

Venus (verrucosa), Linn. S. N.i. 1128; Lamk. Syst. 122, 1801.
Venus (puerpera), Swainson, Malac. 372, 1840.

D osina, Gray, Analy st, \838 ; in Yates, New Zealand ; inDieffen-
bach, New Zealand, 1843 ; in Syn. B. M. 1842 ; Sow. Man. ed.
2. 141, 1842; Morris, Brit. Foss. 87 ; Bev . Zool. 1844, 405.
Callista and Callistoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil. 1795.
Clausina, Brown, Conch. Text-Book, 1827, not Jeffreys.

Venus, sp., Swainson, Malac.

1. Venus verrucosa.

Venus verrucosa, Linn. S. N. ed. 12, 1130 ; Pulteney Hutchins 5
Hist. Dorset, 32 ; Mont. Test. Brit. 112 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 78 ;
Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 303. t. 29. f. 299, 300 ; Wood, Linn.
Trans, vi. t. 17. f. 5, 6; Donov. B. S. ii. t. 44 ; Forbes, M.
G. S. i. 415. 55 ; Dorset Cat. 34. t. 8. f. 1 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2,
vi. 339, not vars. ; Poli, Test. Sic. t. 21. f. 18, 19 ; Desh. Flem .
Conch, t. 21. f. 1, 2; Born, Mus. Cces. t. 4. f . 7 ; Turton,
Conch. Diet. 231 ; Turt. Brit. Biv. 140 ; Flem. Brit. An. 446 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 85 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 163 ; Ind.
Testae, t. 7- f. 12 ; Crouch, Introd. Co?ich. t. 7* f- 6 ; Hanley,
Bee. Shells, 110; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 401. t. 24.
f. 3 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 43, ii. 34; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 119 a ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 201. t. 57. f. 1.

8

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Clausina verrucosa. Brown , III. C. t. 20. f. 16. 2nd ed. 90. t. 36.
f. 16*.

Y. erycina, Penn. B. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 80. t. 54. f. 48 ; Borlase ,
Cornw. 278. t. 28. f. 32.

Young. Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 284. f. 122.

Pectunculus strigosus, Da Costa , Brit. Conch. 185. t. 12. f. 1.
Callista gemella, Callistoderraa verrucosa, Poli, ii. 252, 258.

Y. Lemanii, Payr. Moll. Corse , 53. t. 1. f. 29, 30, 31 (fide Desk .

Sp Recluz , from types).

Dosina verrucosa, Gray, Analyst, 1838.

Venus cancellata (young), Donov. Brit. Shells, iv. t. 115? (fide
Mont.) ; Mont. Test. Brit. 574 ; Turton, Brit . Biv. 144. t. 10.
f. 3 ; Flem. Brit. An. 447 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch . 87-
a — h. Britain.
i — o. Ditto, dark-coloured.
p. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
q — s. Bantry Bay.

t, jun. Ditto. Presented by Miss Warne.

2. Venus casina.

Venus casina, Linn. S. IV. 1 1 30 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 306. t. 29.
f. 301, 302 ; M. fyR. Linn. Trans. v iii. 79. t. 2. f. 1 ; Mont. T.B«
Supp. 47 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 232 ; Brit. Biv. 141. t. 9. f. 1 ;
Loven, I . M. Suec. 39. 286 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 165 ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 415. 51 ; Flem. Brit. An. 446 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 264 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 86 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd
ed. vi. 340 ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f- 14 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 111 ;
Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 405. t. 24. f. 1, 5, 6; Penn.
B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 202. t. 57. f. 2.

Clausina casina. Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 15, 2nd ed. 90. t. 36. f. 15*.
Venus lactea, Donov. B. S. v. t. 149 ; Mont. T« B. Supp . 46 ;
Linn. Trans, viii. 79.

Pectunculus membranaceus. Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 193. t. 13.
f. 4, left hand.

Venus reflexa, var., Mont. Test. Brit. Supp. 41 & 168 ; Mem.
Wern. Soc. i. t. 8. f. 1 ; Turton, Conch. Diet. 233 ; Brit. Biv.
142. t. 10. f. 1, 2; Flem. Brit. An. 44 6; Macgilliv. Moll .
Aberd. 264 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 110; Supp. t. 16. f. 10.

V. verrucosa, worn, Mont. T. B. 112.

Dosina casina, Gray, Analyst, 1838.

Young.

Venus reflexa, Mont. T. B. Supp. 40 & 168 ; Laskey, Wern.

Trans, i. 384. t. 8. f. 1 ; Turt. Biv. 142. t. 10. f. 1, 2.

Cytherea reflexa, Couch, Cornish Fauna, 2. 26.

Ciausina reflexa, Brown, III. C. 1. 1.9. f. 12, 13?

Venus Discina, Lamk. H. vi. 338. 6 ; Philippi, Sic. 42 ; Blainv.
Man. t. 75. f. 6 ; Thorpe {Hanley), Brit. Mar. Conch. 86.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA,

9

V. Rusterucci, Payraud. Moll. Cors. f. 26, 27, 28.

Venus Erycina, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. t. 54. f. 48 a, worn.
a — c. Britain.
d — j. Plymouth.
k — p. Oban.
q, monstrosity. Britain.

b. Tapesina.

Venusina, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 183.

Venus, sp., Lamk, Hist. A. s. V.

6. Cyprina.

Cyprina (Islandica), Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 556, 1818 ; ed. 2.
vi. 287.

Cyprine, Lamk. Extr. du Cour. 1812.

Arctica (Islandica), Schurn. N. Syst. 145, 1817-
Cytherea, sp., Lamk.

Pectunculus, sp., Da Costa , Brit. Shells.

1. Cyprina Islandica.

Venus Islandica, Linn. S. N. 1131 (not 0. Fabr. Faun. Green. 411);
Chemn.Conch.Cab.v i.340. t. 32. f. 341,342; Pulteney Hutchins’
Hist. Dors. 33; Don. B. S. iii. t. 77 ; Mont. T. B. 114; Linn.
Trans, viii. 83; Dorset Cat . 35. t. 6. f. 5 ; Loven, I. M. 38.
278; Turt. Conch. Diet. 238; Mull. Z. Dan. t. 28; Diliw.
Rec. Shells, i. 176 ; hid. Test. t. 7 . f. 41 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812.
iv. 205. t. 56.

Cyprina Islandica, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 290 ; Turt. Biv. 135 ;
Flem. Brit. An. 443 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 413. 44 ; Forbes 4*
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 441. t. 29. t. M. f. 4, animal ; Crouch ,
Introd. Conch, t. 7 . f. 2 ; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 70 bis, f. 5
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 257 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 81 ;
Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 18. f. 8-10; Gould, Invert. Mass. 82 ;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, 1-95.

C. maxima, S. Wood.

C. sequalis, Sow. M. C.

C. vulgaris, G. Sowerby, Gen. Shells ; Brown , III. Conch. G. B.
93. t. 37- f. 1, t. 38. f. 11; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 116; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. t. 65.

V. mercenaria, Linn. F. Suec. ; Muller, Z. D. ; Penn. B. Z. iv. 81 .

t. 53. f. 47 (not j Linn. S. N.).

Pectunculus crassus. Da Costa, 183. 1. 14. f. 5.

Cyprine d’Islande, Chenu, Traite elem. 68. f. 243 (hinge).
a, b. Britain.

c. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
d—h. Britain.
i — 0, jun. Britain.
p — w, jun. Inverarv.

a 5

10

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

7. Chione.

Chione (Dysera), Megerle, Entwurf. 5\, 1811 ; Gray, P. Z. Soc,
1847, 183; not Blainv. Diet . Sci. Nat. viii. 588, nor Gray,
Analyst, 1838.

Antigone (cancellata), Schum. N. Syst. 154, 1817.

Venus, sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1818.

Callista and Callistoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Ortygia (gallina), Leach, MSS. 1819 ; Brown, Conch. G. B. 143,
1827 (not Boie ).

Timoclea (ovata), Leach, MSS. 1819; Brown, III. Conch. G. B.
t. 19, 1827.

* Ortygia.

1. Chione gallina.

Venus gallina, Linn. F.S. (not Syst. Nat.); Chemn. f. 308; Wood,
Linn. Trans, vi. 1. 17- f. 7, 8 ; Matt. Sf R. Linn. Trans, viii. 52 ;
Turton, Conch. Diet. 234. f. 65; Brit. Biv. 149. t. 9. f. 2;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 415. 56 ; Poli, t. 21. f. 5,6,7 ; Dorset Cat.
35. t. 8. f. 2 ; Flem. Brit. An. 448 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.
265 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 89 ; Alder, North fy Durh.
Moll. 85; Dillw. Rec. Shells, 168; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi.
347 (part.) ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 23 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 115 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 205. t. 59. I 2.

Ortygia gallina, Leach , MSS. ; Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 11, 2nd ed.
89. t. 36. f. 11.

O. costata, Brown, III. C.t. 20. f. 13.

Pectunculus striatulus, Da Costa, B. S. 191. t. 12. f. 2.

Venus striatula, Donov. B. S. ii. t. 68.

V. striatula, Mont. T. B. 113; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 39. 288 ;
Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 408. t. 23. f. 4, t. 24. f. 4, t. 26.
f. 9,10,11.

Venus Pennantii, Forbes, Malac. Monens. 52.

Venus laminosa, Turt. Conch. Diet. 233 (except description of
hinge, which is copied from Mont.) ; Brit. Biv. 148. t. 10. f. 4 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 89; Hanley, Rec. Shells, Supp.

t. 16. f. 11.

Pectunculus sulcatus, Da Costa, B. S. 192.

Venus Prideauxiana, Couch, Cornish Fauna, pt. 2.26; Macgilliv.
Moll. Aberd. 266.

V. casina, Pulteney Hutchins 5 Hist. Dorset, 33 (not Linn.).

V. sulcata. Brown, Conch . G. B. 90. t. 36. f. 12.

V. rugosa, var., Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 81. t. 56. f. 50 ; Flem. Brit .
An. 448.

Ortygia rugosa, Leach ; Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 14, 2nd ed. 90.
t. 36. f. 14.

Venus costata. Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 90. t. 36. f. 13.

Callista Candida, Callistoderma gallina, Poli, ii. 252, 258.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

11

Venus laminosa?, Mont. Test . Brit. Supp. 38; Laskey , Mem.
Wern. Soc. i. 384. t. 8. f. 16 ; Brown , I7Z. Conch. G. B. 90. t. 3 7,
f. 14, 15 (copied from last).

Lister , Conch, t. 282. f. 120.

Var. rather more elongated behind.

Venus striatula /3, Loven, 39.

Venus laminosa* Biv. 148. 1. 10. f. 4.

V. Pennantii, Forbes in Thompson , Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 262.
V. rugosa, Flem. B. A. 448.

V. Prideauxiana, Macg. Moll. Aberd.

V. gallina, var., Jeffrey , Conch. Mag. 44.

Ortygia Prideauxiana, Leach, MSS.

O. sulcata. Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 12.

Var. smoother.

Venus pallida, Turton , Biv. 150. 1. 10. f. 5.
a — v. Britain.
w, x. Stevenston, Ayrshire.
y, z . Edinburgh. Presented by Miss flreville.
aa—ff. Weymouth. Presented by Miss Bennett.
g g — ll. Britain.

mm — y y. Salcomb. (Venus striatula) Mus. Montagu.
z z — d d d, var. Northumberland.
e e e. Venus rugosa. Brown. Firth of Forth.
fff. Venus sulcata. Brown. Firth of Forth.
g g g, hhh. Venus laminosa, Mont. ? Zetland. Presented
by R. Mf Andrew, Esq.

** Timoclea.

2. Chione oyata.

Venus ovata, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. 83. t. 56. f. 56, ed. 1812. iv. 206.
t. 59. f. 3 ; Mont. T. B. 120 ; M.Sf R. Linn. Trans, viii. 85. t. 2.
f.4; Dorset Cat. 35. 1. 1. f. 15; Turt. Conch. Diet. 239; Brit. Biv.
150. t. 9. f. 3; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 415. 54; Malac. Monens.
52 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 267 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
90; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 91. t. 37. f. 11 ; Dillw. Rec.
Shells, 171 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 370 ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 30 ;
Mawe, Conchol. t. 10. f. 5 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 116; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 419. t. 24. f. 2, t. 26. f. 1, t. L. f. 6,
animal.

Cvtherea ovata, Flem. B. A. 445 ; Thompson, Rep. Brit. Assoc.
[1843, 262.

Timoclea ovata. Brown, III. C. t. 19. f. 11.

T. Pennantii, i( Leach, MSS.” Brown.

V. radiata, Brocchi, 543. t. 15. f. 3; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 44.
& ii. 34; Desh. Flem. Conch, t. 20. f. 17* 18.

12

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Y. spadicea, Renieri ; Nyst.

Y. pectinata, LamJc. H. n. 26, 2nd ed. vi. 348,

Cardium striatum radiatum. Walker, MS , f. 82.
a — d. Sunderland.
e — j. Bantry.

k, l. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
m — g g. Britain.

hh, ii. Zetland. Presented by R. M‘Andrew, Esq.
jj — m m. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

*** Clausinella.

3. Chione fasciata.

Venus fasciata. Dors. Cat . 34. t. 7- f. 3; Linn. Trans, viii. 80;
Donov. B. S. v. 1. 170 ; Dillw. R. S. 159 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 412 ; Flem. Brit. An. 447 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 234 ; Brit.
Biv. 146. t. 8. f. 9 ; Philippi, Sicil. ii. 381 ; Loven, I. M. 39.
287, not Gmelin ; Forbes , Malac. Monens. 52 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 267 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 88 ; Brown, III. Conch.
G. B. 91. t. 36. f. 10 ; Burrows , Flem. Conch, t. 7- f. 2 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 159; Desh. in Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 371, fy
Flem. Conch, t. 20. f. 4, 5 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll, i,
415. t. 23. f. 3, t. 26. f. 7, t. L. f. 7, animal; Penn. B. Z. ed.
1812. iv. 203. no. 6.

Pectunculus fasciatus. Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 188. t. 13. f. 3.
Dosina fasciata, Forbes, M. G. S. i. 415. 52.

Venus Paphia, Mont. T. B. 110 (not Linn.) ; Pulteney Hutchins’
Hist. Dorset, 33.

Clausina fasciata, Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 10.

Venus Brongniarti, Payr. Cors. 51. 1. 1. f. 23-25; Philippi, Sic,
i. 43.

V. Dysera minor, Broc. 1. 16. f. 7 (not Linn.).

Astarte Dysera, Jonkaire .

a — c. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
d — g. Scotland.
h — x. Britain.

IZ1SA <Uu4 * 8- TaPES-

YurY Tapes (btteratus-*), Meqerle, Entw. 51, 1811 ; Gray , Syn. B. M.
1842, 75, 91 ; Proc Z. Soc. 1848.

Tapes (pullastra), Schum. N. Syst. 136, 1817.

Pullastra, Sow. Genera, t. 1827 ; Man. ed. 2. 239 ; Zool. Journ.
iii. 134; Alton, Verz. 8. 1839.

Rupellaria, Bellevue, Jour. Phys. liv. 1802; Bull. Soc. Philom.

n.s.62; Blainv.D. S.N.xlvi. 450 ; Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1846,408.
Les Rupellaires, Lamk. Fxtr. du Cour. 1812.

Venus (Les Ruperelles), Blainv. Malac. 559, 1825.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

13

Yenerupis, LamJc. Hist. A.s. V. 506, 1818, ed. 2, vi. 161 ; Twr-
ton, Bivalves', Fleming, B. A. 441, 1828.

Petricola, part., Schweiger, Naturg. 704, 1820.

Gastrana, § 2, Schum. N. S. 136, 1817*

Callista and Callistoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil. 1795,

Paphia, part., Bolten, Mus. 1708, not LamJc.

Capsa (pullastra), Leach, MSS. 181 7, 1818; Ann. 8f Mag. N.H .

xx. 272, not LamJc.

Venerirupis, Sow. Man. 113, 1839.

Yenerirupes, Swains. El. Conch. 1835.

Yenerupes, Swains on, Malac. 3 76.

? Petricola, sp., LamJc. Hist. A.s. V. 1816.

?Saxidomus, Conrad, Journ. Acad. N. S. Phil.

1. Tapes decussata.

Yenus decussata, Linn. S. N. 1135; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 58.
t.43. f. 455,456; Pulteney Hutchins9 Hist. Dorset, 34 (chiefly);
Dorset Cat. 36. t. 6. f. 4 ; Donov. B. S. ii. t. 67 ; Mont. T. B.
124; Wood, Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. t. 17- f. 11, 12; M. fy R.
Linn. Trans, viii. 88. t. 2. f. 6 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 93 ;
Turt. Brit. Bivalves , 158. t. 8. f. 10 ; Conch. Diet. 244 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 206 ; LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 357 (not var. 4) ;
Ind. Test. t. 8. f. 107; PJiilippi, Moll. Sic. i. 45. t. 4. f. 11, &
11. 35; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 122. 1. t. 8. f. 107; Penn. B. Z.
ed. 1812. iv. 210. t. 60. f. 2.

Pullastra decussata, Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 88. t. 37. f. 5, 6 ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 414. 49.

Yenus litterata, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 82. t. 57. f. 53 (not Linn.).
Venerupis decussata, Flem. Brit. An. 451 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 339.

Cuneus reticulatus. Da Costa, B. C. 203. t. 14. f. 4.

Capsa reticulata, Leach, 1818; Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Yenus deflorata. Born, t. 5. f. 2.

Y. florida, Poli, Test. Sic. t. 21. f. 16, 17.

V. variegata, Gmel. 3281.

Tapes decussata, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 379. t. 25. f. 1 ;
Lister, Ang. t. 4. f. 20; Conch, t. 423. f. 271.
a, b. Sussex. Presented by F. Dixon, Esq.
c, d. Cork. Presented by Miss Elliot.
e — i. Britain.
j. Scotland.

Jc. Teignmouth.

I — n. Falmouth. Presented by W. P, Cocks, Esq,

0 — q, jun. Britain.

14

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

2. Tapes pullastra.

Venus Pullastra, Wood , Linn. Trans . vi. t. 1 7. f. 13, 14; Mont.
T. B. 125 ; M. fy R. Linn. Trans, viii. 88. t. 2. f. 7 ; Hanley ,
Bee. Shells, 122 ; Dors. Cat. 36. t, 1. f. 8 ; Turton, Conch. Diet.
244; Brit. Biv. 159; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 358; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 94; Ind. Test. t. 8. f. 109; Loven , 40. n.
293; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 414, 50; Malac. Monens. 53; Penn.
B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 210. no. 27.

Venus vulgaris, Brod. Penny Cyclop, xxvi. 211.

Venerupis pullastra, Flem. B. A. 451 ; Macg. Moll. Aherd. 269.
Capsa pullastra, Leach, 1818; Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Venerupis vulgaris. Sow. Conch. Man. 97.

Venus plagia (var.), Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xix. 313.

V. senegalensis, Dillwyn, R. S. i. 206.

Pullastra perforans. Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 89. t. 37. f. 10.
Pullastra vulgaris. Sow. Gen. f. 1 ; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 89. t. 37-

f. 7.

Venus perforans, Mont. Test. Brit. 127- t. 3. f. 6 ; Linn. Trans.
viii. 89 ; Turton, Conch. Diet. 245 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 206 ;
Ind. Test. t. 8. f. 108.

V. pullastra (var. perforans), Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 43.

Tellina rugosa? Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. t. 57. f. 34.
Venerupis perforans, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 162 ; Turt. Brit. Biv.
29. t. 2. f. 15-18; Flem. Brit. An. 451 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 61 ; Crouch, Introd. Conch, t. 5. f. 5 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells, 54; Philippi, Wiegm. Arch. f. Natur. 1845, 190. t. 7-
f. 15-18.

Capsa perforans, Leach, MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Venerupis nucleus, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 162; Macgilliv. Edin.
New Phil. Journ, 1827, 370 ; Delessert, Rec. Coq. t. 5. f. 1 ;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, 54.

Venus palustris, Mawe, Lin. Conch. 1. 10. f. 3.

Tapes Pullastra, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 382. t. 25. f. 2, 3.
t. L. i. 5, 5 a (animal).

? Venus plagia, Jeffreys, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xix. 313.

Pullers and Pullets, Devon.

a. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Bobinson.
b — m. Ditto.

n, o, tubes of animal. Britain.

p — s. Aberdour, Fifeshire. Presented by Dr. Baird.

t, u. Saltcoats.

v, x. Northumberland.

y — dd. Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.
e e — g g, jun. Britain.

h h—jj, jun. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
k k — x x . Britain.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

15

Venus perforans, Mont .
y y. Ditto. Dawlish.
z z — b b b. Britain.

(Var. monstrosa. Venus sinuosa?)
c c c. Dawlish.

(Var. monstrosa.)

3. Tapes virginea.

Venus virginea* Thorpe , Brit . Mar. Conch. 92 ; Putt. Hutchins 9
Dorset, 34 ; Dorset Cat. 36. 1. 13. f. 1 ; Forbes, Malac. Monens.
53 ; (not Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1136) ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 207 ;
LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 360; hid. Test. t. 8. f. 110; Hanley,
Bee. Shells, 123. t. 8. f. 110; Mont. T. B. 128* 576; M. Sf B.
Linn. Trans, viii. 89. t. 2. f. 8 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 246 ; Brit.
Biv. 156. t. 8. f. 8.=V. florida, LamJc., Loven ; Penn. B. Z. ed.
1812. t. 58.

V. rhomboides* Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 83. t. 55. f. (no number).
V. pullastra virginea* Forbes, M. G. S. i. 415. 53.

Venerupis virginea* Flem. B. A. 452 ; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 269.
Cuneus fasciatus* Da Costa, Brit. Conch . 204. tyj-k
Venus beta* Poli * t. 21. f. 1.

Venus virago* Loven, I. M. SJcand. 40. 291.

Pullastra virginea , Brown, III. Conch. G.jB.89.t.37-f.8*9. t.36. f.6.
Tapes virginea, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 388. t. 25. f. 4-6.
Capsa virgo, Leach * 1818 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Var. (shorter* higher).

Venus Sarniensis* Turt . Brit. Biv. 153. t. 10. f. 6 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 91.

Venerupis Sarniensis (var.)* Flem. B. A . 452 ; Macqilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 269.

Lister * Conch. 403. 247 ?

? V. sinuosa, Turton * Biv. 154. 1. 10. f.9? distorted?* not Donovan.
Young.

Tellina elliptica (fry)? Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 101. t.40. f. 20*21.

a. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Bobinson.

b, c . Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

d. Falmouth Harbour. Presented by W. P. Cocks* Esq.

e, f. Scotland.
g — y. Britain.

£ — b b. Britain. Mus. Laskey.

(Venus Sarniensis* Turt.)

4. Tapes aurea.

Venus aurea* Gmel. S.N. 3288; Mont. T.B. 129-576; Dorset
Cat. 36. t. 13. f. 3 ; M. Sf B. Linn. Trans, viii. 90. t. 2. f. 9 ;

16

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch . 92 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 247 ; Brit.
Biv. 155. t. 9. f. 7, 8 ; Flem. Brit. An. 449 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells,
207 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 360 ; Ind. Test. t. 8. f. Ill ; Phi-
lippi, Moll. Sic. i. 47, ii. 35 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 123. t. 8.
f. Ill ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 212. t, 60. f. 1.

Pullastra aurea, Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 89. t. 36. f. 5, 7,8; Forbes,
M.G. S. i. 414. 51.

V. literata, Linn. F. Suec. (not Linn. S. N.).

V. nebulosa, Solander; Pult. Dors. 34.

Tellina rugosa, Penn. B.Z. ed. 4. iv. 75. n.34. t. 57- f. 34.

Lister, t. 404. f. 249 A.

Tapes aurea, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 392. t. 25. f. 5.
Capsa crocea, Leach, 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
a — -f. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
g — k (with purple inner lip). Britain.
l—x. Britain.
y, z, var.? Loch Ryan.
a a — g g (rounded). Britain.
h h. Britain. Venus senea, Turt.

Var.

Venus senea, Turt. Conch. Diet. 248? f.20?; Bivalves, 152. 1. 10.

f. 7 ; var. Flem. Brit. An. 449 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 91.
Venus nitens, Turt. C. Diet. 247 ; Bivalves, t. 10. f. 8, var. ;
Flem. Brit. An. 449 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch . 93.

Monstrosity.

Venus sinuata, Turton (not Penn.), Conch. Diet. 242; Brit.
Biv. 155. t. 9. f. 7 , 8 ; Flem. Brit. An. 449 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 92.

Fam. 2. Corbiculad^e.

Corbiculadse, Cray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 184.

Cyrenidse, Gray , Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 75, 91.

Les Conques **, Lamk. Cour. 107, 1812.

Les Conques fluviatiles, Lamk. Hist. v. 556, ed. 2. v. 263.
Conchaces, § 2. part., Rang, Man. Moll. 312.

Cyclades, Feruss. Prod. 43.

Cycladees, Rafinesque, Anal. Nat. 1815.

Veneridia Isoperia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Cycladea, Menke, Syn. 110, 1830; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12;
DesJi. Enc. Meth. iii. 552.

Cycladina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 208 ; Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825
(not Cantraine).

Cycladacea, Hinds, Zool. Sulph. 66, 1844.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

17

Cycladse, Fleming, B. A. 409, 1828 ; Gray in Turton, Man. ed. 2.
277, 1840.

Cyclas, Lamk. Syst. 1801.

Cycladia, Rafin. Coq. Biv. Ohio, 1820.

Cycladese, Menke , Syn. ed. 1.

Cyclasidse, D’Orbigny, Voy. Amer. Merid. ; Geinitz.

Veneriadse, part., Leach, 1818; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

1. SPHiERIUM.

Sphserium (cornea), Scopoli, Introd. N. Hist. 397, 1777 (not
Charp. 1824).

Nux, Humph. Calonne Cat. 1796.

Cycladea, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Cornea, Megerle, Entwurf. 56, 1811.

Cyclas, sp. Lamk. Hist. An. s. V. 1818.

Cyclas, sp. Brug. Ency. Meth. 301, 1792; Lamk. Sys. A. s. V.

123, 1801; not Klein, 1753; Leach, 1818.

Corneocyclas, Ferussac in Blainv.Dict. Sci. Nat. xii. 277, 1818.
Cyglas, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. (error of press).

Cyclas, Pfeiffer, Naturg. i. 123, ii. 3, 1822; Nilsson, Moll. Suec.
95.

1. Sphjsrium rivicole.

Tellina cornea /3, Maton Sf Racket, Linn. Trans, viii. 59 ; Tur-
ton, Conch. Diet. 180; Wood, t. 46. f. 3.

Cardium corneum, var. Montagu , T. B. 86.

Cyclas cornea, Drap. Hist. Moll. 128. t. 10. f. 1, 3 (not Muller ) ;

Brard, Coq. ter. etfluv. de Paris, 219. t. 8. f. 2, 3.

C. rivicola, Leach, MSS. ; Lamk. Hist. v. 558, 2nd ed. vi. 267 ;
Pfeiffer, L. Sf Suss. Moll. 121. t. 5. f. 3, 5 ; Turton, Bivalves,
248. t. 1 1 . f. 13 ; Man. Land Sf Freshwater Shells, 12. 1. 1. f. 1;
Gray, ditto, 279. t. 1. f. 1 ; Fleming, Brit. Anim. 452 ; Jenyns,
Trans. Carnb. P. S. iv. 294 ; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 93. t. 39.
f. 16-18; Sow. Gen. Shells, Cyclas ; Kickx, Moll. Brab. 86;
Desh.Enc.Meth. ii. pt. 2. 36 ; Sow. Conch. Man. f. Ill ; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. t. 62 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 89. t. 5. f. 90.
Pisum rivicola, Blainv. Malac.; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
111. t. 37. f. 1, 2. and t. Q. f. 1 (animal).

Young, compressed, pale.

Tellina sequata, Sheppard, MSS. Brit. Mus.

Cardium nux, part., Da Costa , Brit. Con. 189.

Cardium amnicum, Dorset Cat. 32 ; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 302. f. 5.
a — k. Wednesbury, Warwickshire. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.
/ — q. Surrey Canal.
r — y. Britain.

18

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

z, a a. River Fosse, York. Presented Iby Rev. W. Hincks.
b b — r r, old and young. York. Presented by P. Carpenter,
Esq.

2. Sph^erium corneum.

Tellina cornea, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1120; Faun. Suec. ed. 2. 517 ;
Linn. Trans, viii. 59 ; Donov. B. S. iii. t. 96 ; Turt. Conch.
Diet. 179; Penn. Brit . Zool. ed. 4. 75. t. 49. f. 36. ed. 1812.
t. 52. f. 3 ; Schroeter , Flussconch. 189 (pars), t. 4. f. 4 ; Dillw.
Bee. Shells , i. 104.

Nux nigella. Humph. Calonne Cat.

Tellina rivalis, Muller , Verm. Hist. ii. 202.

Cardium corneum, Mont . T. B. 86 ; Pulteney Hutchins' Dorset ,
31.

Cardium nux, part.. Da Costa , B. S. ?

Cyclas cornea, Lamk. Hist. v. 558, ed. 2. vi. 268 (notvars.);
Pfeiffer , 120. t. 5. f. 1, 2 ; Nilsson , Moll. Suec. 96 ; Turton,Biv.
248. t. 11. f. 14; Man. Land and Freshwater Shells , 13. t. 1.
f. 2; Gray , cZZZZo, 280. 1. 1. f. 2; Flem. B. A. 452 ; Jenyns , l. c.
iv. 295; Brown , IZZ. Cow. G. B. 93. t. 39. f. 19; Kickx, Moll.
Brabant , 87 ; Philippi , MoZZ. ii. 30; Gras, MoZZ. Z. etfl.
France, 72. t. 6. f. 2; Hanley, Bee. Shells, 1-89; t. 9.

f. 15 ; Forbes Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 113. t. 37. f. 3-6.

Var. 1. Stagnicola. Shell subglobose, rather flattened on the
basal edge ; umbones tumid, pellucid, very prominent.

Cyclas rivalis, Drap. Moll. 129. t. 10. f. 4, 5 ; Brard, Coq. ter. et
fl. 222. t. 8. f. 4, 5.

Tellina stagnicola, Shep. Linn. Trans, xiv. 150.

Cyclas flavescens, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 246.

Cyclas stagnicola, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus.

C. cornea /3, Jenyns, l.c. 8.

Cyclas citrina, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 132. t. 39. f. 37.

Var. 2, gibbosa. Shell very gibbous ; margin very blunt.

Var 3. compressa. Shell rather compressed ; the margin meeting
at an acute angle.

Var. 4, minor. Small, nearly globular.
a — m. Coggeshall, Essex.

n — £, old and young. York. Presented by P. Carpenter,
Esq.

a a — w w. Near Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.
x x — q q q. Regent’s Canal.

r r r — w w w, old and young. Brislington near Bristol.
Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

19

x x x,y y y, young. Campsey Ash, Suffolk. Presented by
Rev. — Sheppard.

Tellina sequata, Sheppard.

z z z — h hhh. Aberdeenshire. Presented by Professor Mac-
gillivray.

Cyclas flavescens, Macgilliv.
i i i i. Lakes of Cumberland.

Cyclas flavescens.

3. Sphjerium lacustre.

Cardium lacustre, Mont. T. B. 89.

Tellina lacustris, Linn. Trans, vii. 60 ; Turton , C. D. 180 ; Wood ,
Gen. Conch. 197. t. 47. f. 5 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells , i. 104 ; Penn.
B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 184. no. 23.

Cyclas calyculata, Drap. 130. 1. 10. f. 14, 15 ; LamJc. Hist. v. 559,
ed. 2. vi. 269; Brown , III. C. G. B. 94. t. 39. f. 28; Hanley ,
Bee. Shells, 1-89; Gras, Moll. t. etjl. 73. t. 6. f. 5 ; Philippi,
Moll. Sic. ii. 214; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 115. t. 37.
f. 7. (as lacustris) t. O. f. 7? animal; Pfeiffer, 122. t. 5. f. 17, 18 ;
Nilsson, 99 ; Turton, Man. ed. 1. 14. t. 1. f. 3 ; Kickx, Moll.
Brab. 89; Desh. E. M. Vers, ii. pt. 2. 37-
Cyclas lacustris, Turton, Biv. 249. 1. 1 1. f. 18 ; Brown, III. Conch.

G. B. 94. t. 39. f. 20 ; Flem. Brit. An. 453.

Young. The apex of the shell large relatively to the size of
the specimen.

Inhab. rivers.

Var. 1. Shell orbicular, less compressed, sub diaphanous, red-
dish brown.

Cyclas lacustris, Alder, Cat. 1, 40, Brit. Mus. ; Alder, Trans.
Nat. Hist. Soc. Newcastle, 1, 40; Gray, Man . L. fy Freshw.
Shells, 281. t. 1. f. 3.

Cyclas calyculata /3, Jenyns, l.c. 11.

Inhab. ponds.

Var. 2. Shell orbicular, rhombic, rather ventricose, subdiapha-
nous, reddish ; unbones less prominent, blackish.

Cyclas stagnicola, Leach, MSS. fide Lamk.

C. calyculata, var. 2, Lamk. Hist. v. 559.

C. , y, Jenyns, l. c. 11.

Inhab. North of England {Jenyns).

a — h. Yorkshire. Presented by W. Sewell, Esq.

i — c c. Coggeshall, Essex.

d d — s s. Pond near Edinburgh.

tt, uu. Belfast. Presented by W. Thompson, Esq.

v v — m m m. Britain.

n n n — y y y. River Fosse, York. Presented by P. Carpenter,
Esq.

20

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

z z z — i i i i. Yorkshire. Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.
Cyclas stagnalis.

jjjj — pppp ? Britain. Mus. Mont.

2. Pisum.

Pisum, Megerle , Entw. 57, 1811 (not Linn.); Gray , P. Z. S.
1848, 184.

Cyclas, sp., LamJc. Hist . ed. 2. v. 55.9 ; Leach, 1818, 1. c. xx. 272.
Pisidium (amnicum), Pfeiffer, Naturg. i, 123. (1821) ii. 33. iii. 68;
Desk. E. M. iii. 772 ; Nilsson, Moll. Suec. 99 ; Gray, Turt.
Man. ed. 2. 279, 282, 1840.

Galileja (fontinalis), Costa, Correspond. Zool. 1839 ; Phil. Moll.
Sic. ii. 214.

Pera (amnica), Leach, MSS. B. M. 1819, fide Gray, Turt. Man .

282, 1840 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 267.

Euglesia (pusilla), Leach,MSS. B.M. 1820, fide Gray, Turt. Man.
282, 1840; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 267.

1. Pisum obtusale.

Pisidium obtusale, Pfeiffer, 125. t. 5. f. 21, 22 ; Jenyns, l. c. 301.
t. 20. f. 1, 3 ; Gray, Man. L. Sf F. W. Shells, 282. t. 12. f. 149 ;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 94. t. 39. f. 24 ; Forbes 8f Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 120. t. 36. f.l.

Cyclas obtusalis, not Lam. Hist. v. 559.

Pera gibba, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus.

Young. The yellow zone broader.

Var. 1. Shell ovate, trigonal, very ventricose, blackish or
ochraceous ; the edge very blunt.

Cyclas obtusalis, Nilsson, 101 (not Larnk.) ; Hanley, Rec. Shells ,
i. 90. Supp. t. 9. f. 47.

Cyclas obtusale /3, Jenyns, l.c. 13.

a—f (Pera gibba). Britain. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.
g — 1 1. Coggeshall, Essex.

mm — uu. Watford, Herts. Presented by T. B. Hall, Esq.

2. Pisum nitidum.

Pisidium nitidum, Jenyns, Monng. 16. t. 20. f. 7> 8; Gray, Man.
L. Sf F. W. Shells, 283. t. 12. f. 150; Thompson , Ann. Nat .
Hist. vi. 195 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 253; Brown, III. Conch.
G. B. 95. t. 39. f. 26 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 126.
t. 37. f. 14.

Cvclas nitida, Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 90, Supp. 1. 14. f. 46.

Hab. ?

3. Pisum pusillum.

Tellin a pusilla, Turton, C. Diet. 167.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

21

Cyclas pusilla, Turton, Biv. 251. t. 11. f. 16, 17 ; Man. ed. 1. 16.

t.l.f. 7.

C. fontinalis, Nilsson, 101; Drap. 130. t. 10. f. 8, 11; Gras,
Moll. t. Sf fl. France, 73. t. 6. f. 3, 4 ? ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.
vi. 270 ?; Desk. E. M. Vers, ii. pt. 2. 3 7 ? ; Hanley, Bee. Shells,
i. 90, Supp. t. 14. f. 5.

C. gibba, Alder, Cat. 41.

Euglesia Henslowiana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. ; Ann. Sf Mag.
N. H. xx. 267.

Pisidium pusillum, Jenyns, Monog. 14. t. 20. f. 4, 6 ; Gray, Man.
L. Sf F. W. Shells, 283. 1. 1. f. 7 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 253 ;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 95. t. 39. f. 27 ; Forbes and Hanley,
Brit. Moll. t. 37. f. 10. t. O. f. 9, animal.

Galileja, Costa.

a—f. York. Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.
g—j. Britain. Presented by W. Trevelyan, Esq.

Jc — v v. West Bergholt, Essex.

wwl. Staffordshire. Presented by J. Carter, Esq.

4. PlSUM PULCHELLUM.

Pisidium pulchellum, Jenyns, Monog. 18. t. 21 . f. 1-5 ; Gray, Man.
L. Sf F. W. Shells, 284. 1. 12. f. 151 ; Macgilliv . Moll. Aherd.
252 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 128. t. 37. f. 12, 13.
Cardium amnicum, jun.. Montag. T. B. 88.

Var. 1. Smaller, shell thin, finely striated, umbones rather
acute.

Pera pulchella, Leach, MSS. Cab. Brit. Mus.

Pisidium fontinale, Pfeiffer, JDeutsch L. Sf S. Moll. 125. t. 5.

f. 15, 16 ; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 94. t. 39. f. 23.

Cyclas fontinalis, Brown, Edin. Journ . N. Sf G. Sc. i. 11. f. 5, 7 ;
Alder, Cat. 41.

Pisidium pulchellum y3, Jenyns, Mon. 1. c. t. 21. f. 2, 3.

Var. 2. Shell obliquely oval, finely striated; edge very blunt;

hinge margin nearly straight.

Pisidium pulchellum d, Jenyns, Mon. 18. t. 21. f. 4, 5.

Cyclas pulchella, Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 91.

Pisidium Jenynsii, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 249.

P. Johannis, Macgilliv . Moll. Aberd. 248.
a — n. Britain.

Var. b. Jun.

5. Pisum Henslowianum.

Pera Henslowiana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819.

Tellina Henslowiana, Leach, MSS.; Shepp. Linn. Trans. x iv. 150.

22

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Pera appendiculata, Leach , MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819.

Cyclas appendiculata, Turton , Man. ed. 1. t. 15. f. 6; Hanley,
Rec. Shells, i. 91, Supp. t. 14. f. 42.

Pisidium Henslowianum, Jenyns, Mon. 20. t. 21 . f. 6, 7, 8, 9 ;
Gray, Man. L. fy F. W. Shells, 285. t. 1. f. 6 ; Brown, III. Con.
G. B. 95. t. 39. f. 25; Forbes 8c Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 131.
t. 37. f. 11.

Pisidium acutum, Pfeiffer, Wiegm. Arch. 1831, pt. i. 230.
a — n. Cambridge. Presented by Rev. J. S. Plensiow.
o — t. York. Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.
u — c c. Preston.

6. PlSUM AMNICUM.

Tellina amnica, Muller, ii. 205; Linn. Trans, viii. 60; Dillwyn,
Rec. Shells, i. 105 ; Don. Cat. 31. t. 7- f. 2 a; Turt. Diet. 168;
Wood, Gen. Conch. 153. t. 47. f. 6 ; Ind. Test. t. 3, Tellina,
f. 19 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812. iv. 185. no. 24.

Tellina rivalis, Maton, Linn. Trans, iii. 44. t. 13. f. 37, 38 ; Don.
B. T. t. 64. f. 2.

Cardium amnicum, Montag. T. B. 86.

Cyclas palustris, Drap. 131. t. 10. f. 15, 16 ; Gras, Moll. t. etfl.
France , 73. t. 6. f. 6.

C. obliqua, Lamk. Hist. v. 559, ed. 2. vi. 269 ; Nilsson, 99; Kickx,
Moll. Brab. 89.

Pisidium obliquum, Pfeiffer, 124. t. 5. f. 19, 20 ; Brown, III. Con.

G. B. 94. t. 39. f. 22 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 31.

Cyclas amnica, Turt. Biv. 250. t. 11. f. 15 ; Man. ed. 1. 15. f. 5 ;

Fleming, B. A. 453 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 89. t. 3. f. 19.
Pisidium amnicum, Jenyns, Mon. 21. t. 21. f. 2 ; Forbes fy Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 133. t. 37. f. 8, 9. t. O. f. 8, animal.

Young shell ratber compressed ; umbones scarcely prominent.

Var. 1. Shell with very deep grooves.

Pera iluviatilis, Leach, MSS. in Brit. Mus.

Pisidium amnicum /3, Jenyns, Mon. 22.

Var. 2. Shell nearly smooth with slighter striae.

Pera Henslowiana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus.

Pisidium amnicum y, Jenyns , Mon. 22.
a—ff. Bexley, Kent.
g g — o o. Coggeshall, Essex.

p p — w w w. Cambridge. Presented by Rev. J. S. Henslow.
Pera Henslowiana, Leach, B. M.

x x x — a a a a. York. Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.
bbb b — n nnn. Britain.

Pisidium obliquum, Brown.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

23

7. PlSUM CINEREUM.

Pisidium cinereum, Alder, Cat. Supp. 4 ; Mag. Z. fy Bot. ii. 119 ;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 95. t. 39. f. 28 ; Forbes Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 125. t. 36. f. 2; Gray, Man. L. fy F. W. Shells,
286. 1. 12. f. 152; Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. 196.

Yar. More ventricose, and produced at the umbones.

Cyclas cinerea, Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 90, Supp. t. 14. f. 44.
a — w. Castle Eden. Presented by Joshua Alder, Esq.
x — k k. Scarborough. From Mr. Bean’s Collection.

Fam. 3. Cardiad^e.

Cardiadse, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840, 1842, 75, 91; Proc. Zool. Soc.
1848, 185.

Cerastes or Cerastoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil. 1791.

Les Cardiacees, pars, Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812.

Bucardes ou Cardiaces, Feruss. Prod. 44.

Yeneridia Isoperia, pars, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Conchaces, § 2, Rang , Man. Mol. 304.

Cardiacea, Menke, Syn. 49 ; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Cardiina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 213.

Yeneriadae, part., Leach, 1818 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.
1. Cardium.

Cardium (costatum), Linn. S. N. ed. 10, ed. 12. i. 1122; Gmelin,
S. N. i. 3244 ; Brag. E. M. i. 203 ; Lamk. Syst. 119, 1801 ;
Hist. vi. 2, ed. 2. vi. 388 ; Megerle, 1811 ; Schum. N. S. 158 ;
Spengler, Skrift. Nat. Selsk. vi. ; Sow, Conch. Illust.
Pectunculus, Adanson, Seneg.

Laevicardium (laevigatum), Swainson, Malac. 1840.

Hemicardium (IJnedo), Swainson, Mai. 1840.

Hemicardia, sp. Klein .

Isocardia, sp. Klein.

Circulum, sp. (fragum), sp. Bolten.

* Acanthocardxa.

1. Cardium aculeatum.

Cardium aculeatum, Linn. S. N. 1122; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 161 .
1. 15. f. 157 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 76. t. 50. f. 37 ; Da Costa,
175; Donov. B. S. i. t. 6; Mont. T. B. 77- Supp. 30; Wood,
Gen. Conch. 207- 1. 48 ? f. 1 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 28 ; Brit. Biv.
181. t. 13. f. 6, 7 ; Poll, Test. Sic. t. 17- f. 1-3; Dillw. Rec.
Shells, i. 114 ; Lamk. H. n. 14. 2nd ed. vi. 397 ; E. M. t. 297.
f. 5 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 50, ii. 37 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon.
Cardium , t. 4, f. 17 ; Forbes fy Hanley , Brit . Moll. ii. 4. t. 33.

24

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

f . 1 ; M. Sf R. Linn. Trans, viii. 62 ; Flem. Brit. An. 420 ;
Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 95 ; Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 87-
t. 34. f. 1-3 ; Sow. Conch. III. Cardium, f. 28 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells. 1. 131 ; Leach, Ann. fy Mag . N. H. xx. 272.

Cerastes giganteus, Cerastoderma aculeatum, Poli, ii. 253, 258.

Young.

Card, ciliare, Wood, Gen. Conch. 209. t. 49. f. 3, 4 ; Penn. B. Z.
iv. 90. t. 50. f. 39 ; Pulteney Hutchins 9 Dors. 31 ; Donov. Brit.
Shells, i. t. 32. f. 2 ; Mont. Test , Brit. 79 ; Linn. Trans, viii.
64 ; Dorset Cat. 31. t. 4. f. 1.

C. parvum, Da Costa, Brit. Conch.177 ; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 298.

f. 1.

a, b. Torbay.
c, d, e. Britain.

/ — k, old and young. Tenby, Devon.

1. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

2. Cardium echinatum.

Cardium echinatum, Linn. S. N. 1122; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 76.
n. 38 ; Da Costa, B. C. 176. 1. 14. f. 2 ; Donov. B. S. iii. t. 107.
f. 11 ; Mont. T. B. 78. 568 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 63 ; Dorset, Cat.
3, t. 6. f. 2; Wood, Gen. Conch. 208. t. 49. f. 1, 2; Pulteney
Hutchins’ Dors. 30 ; Lamk. H. n. 12, 2nd ed. vi. 396 ; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 29; Brit. Biv. 183; Loven, I. M. 35. 265;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 416. 62. Chemn. Conch. Cab.\ i. 165. t.15.
f. 158 ; Mag. Berl. Gesels. Natur. ii. 113; Muller, Zool. Dan.
t. 13, 14; Ind. Testae, t. 5. f. 2; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card.
t. 6. f. 34 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 7- t. 33. f. 2, &
t. N. f. 3, animal ; Flem. Brit. An. 421 ; Macgil. Moll. Aberd.
271 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 96 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B.
87- t. 34. f. 6; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 49, ii. 37 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells, i. 131. t. 5. f. 2.

Lister, Ang. t. 5. f. 33; Conch, t. 324. f. 161.

Cerastes cirratus, Cerastoderma echinatum, Poli, ii, 253, 258.
Card, mucronatum, Poli, Test. Sic. i. 1. 17. f. 7, 8.

Var. Card, spinosum. Sow. Brit. Miscell. t. 32 ; Linn. Trans .
viii. 63.

a. Scotland.
b — i. Britain.

j. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

3. Cardium rusticum.

Cardium rusticum, Linn. S. N . ed. 10 (not Lamk. nor British
writers ) 681, ed. 12. ii. 24 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 225. t. 55.
f. 2, 3; Forbes £f Hanley, Brit . Moll. ii. 11. t. 31. f. 3, 4.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

25

Cardium tuberculatum, Linn. S. N. ed. 10. 6/9?, ed. 12. 1122;
Mus. Ulric.488 ; Pulteney Hutchins’ Dors. 30; Donov. B.S. iii.
1. 107- f. 2 ; Flem. Brit. An. 421 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
95 ; Mont. T.B. 568 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 64; Wood, G. Conch.
210. t. 50. f. 1, 2 ; Turt. Diet. 28. f. 12 ; Brit. Biv. 181 ; LamJc.

H. n. 15, 2nd ed. vi. 397 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 87. t. 34.
f. 9; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. t. 17. f. 173; Dillw. Rec. Shells,
i. 117 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 131 ; Payraud. Cat. Moll. Corse,
55 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 50, ii. 37 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv.
188. no. 7.

Cerastes cinnabarinus, Cerastoderma rusticum, Poli, Test. Sic. ii.
252, 258. 1. 16. f. 5.

C. echinatum (var.), Mont. Test. Brit. 79. fy Supp. 33.

C. tuberculare. Sow. Gen. Shells, Card. f. 3 ; Enc. Meth. Vers,
t. 295. f. 3, t. 300. f. 1.
a — d. Britain.

e,f. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
g — t, young. Britain.

** Cardium.

4. Cardium edule.

Cardium edule, Linn. S. N. 1124 ; Chemn. f. 194 ; Penn. B. Zool.
ed. 4. iv. 77. t.50. f. 41 ; Pulteney Hutch. Dors. 30 ; Dorset Cat.
32. 1. 11. f. 1; Mont. T.B. 76. 569 ; Donov. B. S. iv. 1. 124. f. 1 ;
Wood, Gen. Conch.226. t. 55. f. 4 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 65 ; Loven,

I. M.35. n. 266 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 416. 58 ; Turt. Conch. Diet.
30; Brit. Biv. 188; Flem. Brit. An. 422 ; Couch, Corn. Faun.
pt. ii. 28 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 272 ; Brown, III. Conch.
G. B . 87- t. 35. f. 1-6 ; Cuv. Regn. An. ed. Croch. t. 99. f. 4 ;
Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 198. 1. 19. f. 194 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 97 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells , i. 127 ; LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed.
vi. 406 ; Ind. Test. t. 5. f. 26 ; Rees’ Cy eloped, t. 5 ; Hanley,
Rec. Shells, i. 134. t. 5. f. 26 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card. t. 4.
f. 22; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 15. t. 33. f. 1-4, t. N.
f. 5 (animal) ; Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272, 1847.

List. Ang. t. 5. f. 34 ; Conch, t. 334. f. 171.

Card, obliquum. Woodward, Geol. Norf. t. 2. f. 19 (foss.).

Card, vulgare. Da Costa, 180. t. 11. f. 1.

C. crenulatum, LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 405 ; Deless. Rec. Coq.

t. 11. f. 5; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card. t. 20. f. 112.

Card, zonatum. Brown, III. C. t. 22. f. 8, 2nd ed. 88. t. 35. f. 8.
C. pectinatum, LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 405 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 134.

C. arcuatum. Reeve (not Mont.), Conch. Icon. Card. t. 22. f. 33.
Cerastes gracilis, Cerastoderma edule, Poli, ii. 252, 258.

Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 300. f. 5 ; Savigny, Desc. Egypte , t. ?. f. ?.

B

26

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Var,

Cardium rusticum, Chemn. (not Linn, nor Hanl.) Conch. Cab.vL
1. 19. f. 197 ; Mont. Test. Brit. 569 ; Donov. Brit. Shells, iv.
t. 124. f. 2; Poli, Test. Sic. 1. 17. f. 12, 13 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd
ed. vi. 405; Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 25. f. 1; Philippi, Moll.
Sic. i, 52. t. 4. f. 12-14, ii. 38; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll.
ii. 18.

C. edule, /3. rusticum, Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.
C. glaucum, Brug. Enc. Meth. Vers, i. 221 ; Poiret, Voy. Barb.
ii. 13; Wood, Gen. Conch. 218; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 130;
Hanley, Bee. Shells, Supp. t. 17. f. 36.

Cerastes cinnabarinus, Cerastoderma rusticum, Poli, ii. 252, 258.
C. Lamarckii, Beeve, Conch. Icon. Card. 1. 18. f. 93.

C. Belticum, Beeve, l. c. t. 20. f. 113.

C. edule, Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 35. f. 7 ; Philippi, Moll „ Sic .

i. 52, ii. 39.

Var. fluviatile.

Cardium edule, var. fluviatile, Witham, Trans. Wern . Soc . v. 577 »
Cardium tenuis, Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 22. f. 4.
a — d, var. large. Stornoway.
e — v. Britain.
w — y. Bomney.

2r — d d, var. Britain.
e e, ff, var. Hoylake.
g g. (Cardium rusticum.) Hastings.
h h — o o. (Ditto.) Britain.

pp, var. Britain.
q q — w w, var. Portsea.

xx, y y. (Cardium zonarium). Sow. (fide Bean). England.
z z, var. distorted. Britain.

*** Hemicardium.

5. Cardium nodosum.

Cardium nodosum, Mont. T. B. 81; Turt on, Bivalves, 186. 1. 13.
f. 8 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, 136, Supp. t. 17. f. 44 ; Loven, I. M.
36. n. 268; Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. xix. 313; Beeve, Conch. Icon.
Card. t. 22. f. 128 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll . ii. 22. t. 32.
f. 7 ; Penn. B. Z. 1812, iv. 189. no. 11.

? C. discrepans. Brown, III. C. t. 22. f. 9.

Cardium tuberculatum, /3. nodosum, Leach, Ann. Mag. N. H.
xx. 272, 1847.

C. scabrum, Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. t. 14. f. 16; Hanley, Bee .
Shells, Supp. 1. 17- f. 43.
a — h. Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.
i — m. Scotland.
n— p. Torquay.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

27

6. Cardium fasciatum.

Cardium fasciatum, Mont, (not Gmel.) Test. Brit . Supp. 30. t. 27.
f. 6 ; Reeve , Icon. t. 21. f. 118 ; Loven , I. M. 35. 267 ; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 32 ; Flem. Brit. An. 422 ; Thorpe , ikfar.

Conch. 98; Brown , i7Z. Conch. G. B. 88. t. 35. f. 11; Wood ,
Gen. Conch. 215; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 130; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. ii. 25. t. 32. f. 5, t. N. f. 4, animal ; Penn. B. Z.
ed. 1812, iv. 191. no. 16.

C. exiguum, Macg. Moll. Aberd. (not Gmel., Mont., nor Philippi).
C. parvum, Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 39 ?

C. elongatum, Montague, Test. Brit. 82 ! fide Turton (not Brug.) ;
Turt. Biv. 185. 1. 13. f. 9 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 17 (from Mont.);
Turt. Conch. Diet. 31 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 214 ; Dilhv. Rec.
Shells, i. 131; Flem. Brit. An. 422.

C. ovale. Sow. Conch. III. Card. no. 24 ; Hanley , Rec. Shells, i.

136, Supp. t. 17- f. 45 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card. t. 21. f. 1 19.
C. obovale (error for ovale), Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 96.

C. obovale. Sow. Conch. Illust. f. 4.

Young. C. rubrum, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card. t. 22. f. 124, not
Montague.

a, b. Scotland.

c — h. ^Walton Marshes, Essex.

i — n. Lochfyne.

o. (Cardium ovale. Sow.) Britain.
p ? — r ?. Near Newcastle. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.

7. Cardium exiguum.

Cardium exiguum, Gmelin, S.N. 3255 (from List. Conch, t. 317-
f. 154 A) ; Dorset Cat. 31. t. 2. f. 11; Mont. T. B. 82 ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 416. 61; Linn. Trans, viii. 61; Turt. Conch. Diet.
31; Brit. Biv. 186; Flem. Brit. An. 422; Philippi, Moll. Sic.
i. 51 & ii. 38 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 135 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon.
Card. t. 21. f. 121; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 273 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 97 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. 88 ; Wood, Gen. Conch.
212 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 114 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 408 ;
Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N.H. xx. 1847, 272 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812,
iv. 186. no. 2.

Card, pygmseum, Donov. Brit. Shells, t. 32. f. 3 ; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. ii. 29. t. 32. f. 8, and t. N. f. 2, animal.

Young. Cardium muricatulum, Mont. T. B. 85; Matonfy Racket,
Linn. Trans, viii. 68; Wood, Gen. Conch. 215; Dillw. R. S.
i. 131 (all from Walker), Walker, M. Shells, i. t. 32. f. 3.
a-—t. Britain.
u — a a. Devonshire.

b b — h h. Falmouth. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.

ii — k k. Ditto. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

b 2

28

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Gmelin’s species is described from Lister’s figure* which is
marked as English.

8. Cardium Suecicum.

C. Suecicum* Loven, I. M. 36. 269 ; Forbes fy Hanley * Brit.
Moll. 33. t. 32. f. 6 ; Jeffreys, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xix. 313,

C. Suediense* Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card. t. 22. f. 132* March
1845 ; near C. scabrum* Phil. Journ. ii. 38. t. 14. f. 16.
Cardium Loveni* Thompson, Ann. N. H. xv. 317. t. 19. f. 7,
1845* May.
a — c. Scotland.
d—f. Dublin.

**** L.EVICARDIUM.

9. Cardium Norvegicum.

Cardium Norvegicum* Spengler, Slcrift. Naturh. Selsk.v.pt. 1. 42;
Loven, I. M. 35. n. 264 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 35.
t. 31 . f. 1* 2. t. N. f. 1, animal.

Cardium serratum, Lamk. Hist. n. 25* ed. Desh. vi. 405 ; Thorpe,
M. C. 99 (not Linn., Chemn. nor Brug.) ; Turt. Brit. Biv. 192.
t. 13. f. 5.

Cardium Isevigatum, Penn. B. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 77- t. 51. f. 40 (not
Linn. S. N.) ; Pulteney Hutch. Dorset, 31 ; Da Costa, Brit.
Conch. 178. 1. 13. f. 6; Don.B. S. ii. t.54; Linn. Trans. \ iii. 65 ;
Mont. T. B. 80 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 222. t. 54. f. 1 ; Dorset
Cat. 31.t.7.f.6; Poli,Test. Sic.t. 17- f. 10*11 ; Forbes, M. G. S.
i. 416.63 (not Linn., Chemn. nor Lamk.) ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i.
50 & ii. 37; Turt. Conch. Diet. 31* fy Brit. Biv. 190; Flem „
Brit. An. 423 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 273 ; Brown, III. Con.
G. B. 88. t. 35. f. 12-15 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 123; Mawe,
Conch, t. 7. f. 7 (young) ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 133; Leach ,
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

List. Ang. t. 5. f. 32; Conch, t. 332. f. 169; Pet . Gaz . t. 93.

f. 12.

Var.

Card. Pennanti, Beck, MSS. ; Reeve, C. Icon. Card. t. 9. f. 48.
Card, obliquum* Brown, III. Con. G.B. 33. t.35.i.\5(not Chemn.);

Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card, t 15. f. 71.

C. vitellinum* Reeve, l. c. Card. t. 7. f. 37.

Cerastes maculatus & Cerastoderma flava* Poli, ii. 253* 258.
a, b. Stevenston* Ayrshire.
c—f. Salcomb* Devon.

g. Scotland.

h. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks* Esq,
i — -s. Salcomb, Devon.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

29

Loven described three varieties : —
a. As long as high, subtrigonal, red-spotted behind. C. Pen-
nanti, Reeve. C. serratum, Turt. C. laevigatum, Thorpe .

|3. Longer than high, subovate. C. Norvegicum, Spengler =
C. laevigatum jun., Mont.

y. Higher than long, subovate, rather obtuse ; ribs nearly ob-
literated. C. .

Fam. 4. Mactrad^e.

Mactridae, Fleming , Brit . Anim. 409, 1828 ; Gray, Syn. B . M.
1840, 1842, 75.

Mactradae, Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 185 (Loudon, Mag. N.H .

i. 370, 1837; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. 349.

Les Mactracees (Mactracea), Lamk. CourA07 ; Hist.v. 466,ed.2.

v. 87.

Conchaces § 2. part.. Rang, Man. Moll. 302.

Pylorides, part., Blainv. ; Rang, Man . Moll. 322.

Mactraces, Feruss. Prod. 44.

Mactraceae, Hinds, Zool. Sulph . 184.

Mactracidae, D’Orb. Moll. Canar. 1836.

Yeneridia heteroperia, Rafin. Anal . 2Vh£.

Mactracea, Menke, Syn. 118; Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Mactrina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 217 ; Milne-Edwards, Elem.

Zool. ; Brown, Conch. Text Book.

Mactracaea, Berth.

Callista and Callistoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil. 1791.
Trigonella, part., Da Costa, Test. Brit. 1778 (not DeCand. nor
Conrad)-, Humph . Mus. Calonn. 1797.

a. Mactrina. Mantle lobes free.

Mactraadae, part., Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

1. Mactra.

Mactra, Gray, Mag. Nat. Hist. i. 370, 1837 ; Wiegmann, Arch. N.

1838, i. 86; Proc. Z. Soc. 1848, 185 ; Sow. Gen .

Mactra (stultorum), Linn. S. N. ed. 12. i. 1125; Gmelin, S. N.
i. 3258 ; Lamk. Syst. 121, 1801 ; Hist. A. s. V. v. 471, ed. 2.

vi. 96 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. 350.

Trigonella, part.. Da Costa, Brit. Shells, 1778.

1. Mactra stultorum.

Cardium stultorum, Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 681.

Mactra stultorum, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. i. 1125 ; Gmel. L. S. N. i.
3258; Pulteney Hutch. Dorset , 31; Mont. T. B. 94; Linn.
Trans, viii. 69; Don. B. S. ii. t. 106; Turton, Conch. Diet .

30

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

81 ; Brit . Biv. 72; Da Costa, 196. t. 12. f. 3=:Dorset Cat .
32. t. 8. f. 3 ; Brown, Jll. C. 107. t. 15. f. 2 ; Forbes ,
ilf. G. 8. i. 408. 10; F/em. Brit. An. 427; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 287 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 47 ; L&m. Hist. ed. 2.
vi. 99 (part.) = F. Af. t. 256. f. 3; Mawe’s Conchol. t. 8. f. 5;
Gray, Mag. N. Hist. i. 370 ; Crouch, Introd. Conch, t. 4. f. 4 ;
Poli, Sic. t. 18. f. 10, 11, 12; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 79; Dillw .
Rec. Shells, i. 138 ; Chenu,Ill. Conch. Mactra, t. 3.f. 3 ; Hanley,
Rec. Shells , 29 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 362. t. 22.
f. 4, 6. t. 26. f. 2 ; Leach, Ann. Sp Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, 193. t. 52. f. 1.

M. magna, Woodward, Geol. Norf. t. 2. f. 10 (fossil).

Tellina radiata, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 74. t. 49. f. 30.
Trigonella radiata, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 196. t. 12. f. 3.
Callista discolor and Callistoderma stultorum, Poli, ii. 252 ,
258.

Yar. M. cinerea, Mont. T. B. Supp. 35; Turt. Brit. Biv. 73 ;

Fleming, Brit. An. 428; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 47.

M. lactea, Lamk. 477 (not Poli).

M. straminea, Lamk. 477 ?
a, b. Romney.

c — e. Aberdeen. Presented by Professor Macgillivray.
f — r. Britain.
s, t. Redcar, Yorkshire.

u — w. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.
x. (young). Barmouth. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
y—ff. (M. cinerea.) Britain.

g g. Ditto. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray,
Esq.

2. Mactra glauca.

Mactra glauca, Spengler, Skrift. Nat. Selsk. v. t. 3 ; Gmelin,
S. N. i. 3260; Donovan , B . S. iv. t. 125; Mont. T. B. 571 ;
Linn. Trans, viii. 68 ; Dorset Catal. 68 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 144 ;
Turton, Bivalves, 80 ; Wood, Cat. t. 6. f. 30 ; Fleming , B. A.
428 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. C. 48 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. 107. t. 41 .
f. 1 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 192. no. 2.

M. Neapolitana, Poli, Test. Sicil. i. 1. 18. f. 1, 2, 3.

M. helvacea, Chemn. Conch, vi. 234. t. 23. f. 232, 234 ; Lamk.
Hist. ed. 2. vi. 99 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 10, ii. 4 ; Chenu ,
Mact. t. 2. f. 4 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 366. t< 23.
f. 3.

Mactra , Ency. Method, t. 256. f. 1.

a. Dunbar. Erom. Col. Montagu’s Collection.

b. Cornwall. Presented by Miss Pocoek.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

31

2. Spisula.

Spisula (solida), Gray , Loudon Mag. N. H. i. 3/0, 1837 ; Syn .
B. M. 1842, 92 (cop. Wiegmann , Arch. 1838, 86); Sow. Man.
Conch. 101, ed. 2. 264.

Mactra, part,, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V .; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll.

351 ; Leach, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 2 72.

Hemimactra (solidissima), part., Swainson, Malac. 369, 1840 ;

Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. 260.

Trigonella, part.. Da Costa, Brit. Shells, 1778.

* Subequilateral.

1. Spisula solida.

Mactra solida, Linn. Syst.Nat. ed. 12. 1126 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab.
vi. 230. t.23. f. 229, 230 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 78. t. 51. f. 43a,
t. 52. f. 43; Spengl. Skrif. Natur. Selsk. pt. 2. 113; Donov.
B. S. ii. t. 61. f. 1, 3, 4, 5 ; Mont. Test. Brit. 92; Linn. Trans .
viii. 70; Pulteney Hutchins9 Dorset, 31; Dillw. Bee. Shells,
i. 140 ; Dorset Cat. t. 6. f. 6 (32. 1. 12. f. 1) ; Brown, III. C. G.B.
1. 15. f. 3, 4, 2nd ed. 108. t. 41. f. 3, 4 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi.
104 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 408. 11 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 11, ii.
10; Hanley, Recent Shells, 31 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 81 ; Turt.
Brit. Biv. 67 ; Fleming, Brit. An. 426 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd .
288 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 46 ; Ind. Test. t. 6, Mactra,
f. 21 ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 351. t. 22. f. 1-5, t. L.
f. 2, siphons; Leach, Ann. fyMag. N. H. xx. 272.

Trigonella gallina, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 199. t. 14. f. 6<

M. dubia & M. ovalis. Sow. M. C. t. 160, fossil.

M. striata, Smith, Wern. Mem. viii. t. 1. f. 22, fossil.

Mactra truncata, Turt. B. B. 68 (not Montag.); Forbes, M. G . S.
i. 408. 12.

M. crassatella, Lam. 33.

Trigonella zonaria. Da Costa, Brit. Conch . 197. t. 15. f. 1.
Spisula solida, Gray, Mag. N. H. i. 373.

List. Ang. t. 4. f. 24, adult.
a, b. Frith of Forth. Presented by General Bingham.
c. Youghal. Presented by Miss Warne.
d — n. Tenby and Dawlish.

o. Devon.

p, q. Teignmouth.

r. Britain. From the Collection of Col. Montagu.

2. Spisula truncata.

Mactra truncata, Mont. Test. Brit. Supp. 34 (not Turt. Brit.
Biv.) ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 81 ; Flem. Brit. An. 427 ; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 46; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 140; Hanley ,
Bee. Shells, 32, Supp. t. 9. f. 1 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll .

32

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

i. 354. t. 23. f. 1 ; Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Penn.
B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 196. no. 13.

M. subtruncata, Donov. Brit. Shells, iv. t. 126.

M. crassa, Turt. Brit. Biv. pp. 69, 258. t. 5. f. 7 (adult).

Spisula crassa, Gray, Mag. N. H. i. 373.

Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 253. f. 87.
a — c. Kingsbridge.
d—f. Loch Fyne.
g — h. Yorkshire.
i — k. Scotland.

I — n. var. ? small. Scotland.

3. Spisula elliptica.

Mactra elliptica, Brown, III. Conch. 1. 15. f. 6, ed.2. 108. t.41. f.6 ;
Forbes, Malac. Mon. 48; Macg. Moll. Aberd. 280; Thorpe,
Brit. M. C. 244. f. 28 ; Loven, I. M. Skand. 45. 317 ; Forbes 8f
Hanley, Brit. Mar. Conch, i. 356. t. 22. f. 3, t. L. f. 1, animal.
Mactra solida (part.), Donov. Brit. Shells, ii. t. 61. f. 2.
a — e. Sunderland.
f — h. Britain.

i. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.
j — n. Weymouth.

o — r. Whitby. Presented by J. Fryer, Esq.

5 — uA Britain.

** Inequilateral.

4. Spisula subtruncata.

Mactra subtruncata, Mont. T. B. 93. Supp.37. t. 27. f. 1; Linn »
Trans, viii. 71. t. 1. f. 11 ; Dorset Cat. 32. t. 5. f. 10; Penn.
B . Z. ed. 1812, iv. 194. t. 55. f. 1 ; Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 198 ;
Brown, III. C. 1. 15. f.7, 2nded. 108. t.41. f.7 ; Philippi, Abbild.
undBes . Mactra, t. 1. f. 4 ; Forbes, M. G . S. i. 408. 13; Loven,
I. M. 45. 318; Mawe’s Conchol. t. 8. f. 4; Turt. Conch. Diet.
82; Turt. Brit. Biv. 70; Flem. Brit. An. 427; Macgilliv.
Moll. Aberd. 289 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 47 ; Ind. Test ,
t. 6. f. 23; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 358. t. 21. f. 8,
t. 22. f. 2, t. L. f. 3, siphons (not M. deltoidea, Lam.) ; Leach ,
Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

M. limbata, Menke.

Trigonella subtruncata, Da Costa, 198.

M. stultorum, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 78. t. 52. f. 42.

M. truncata. Brown, III. C. t. 15. f. 5.

?M. triangula, Renieri ; Brocchi, t. 13. f. 7 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic.

i. 11, ii. 10; Hanley, Recent Shells, Supp. t. 10, f. 40.

M. lactea, Poli, Test. Sic. 1. 18. f. 13, 14 (not Lam.).

M.cuneata, Sow. M. C. 1. 160. f. 7; Woodw. Geol. Norf. 62. f. 10.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

33

M. crassatella* Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 107 (var.); Deless.Rec.Coq.
t. 3. f. 6.

Spisula subtruncata* Gray, Mag. N. H. i. 373.

Var. Mactra striata* Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 108. t. 41. f. 10;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 361.
a — i. Kingsbridge.

Mactra subtruncata* Leach.

j . Cork. Presented by Miss Warne.

b. Lutrariana. Mantle lobes united beneath.
Myadse* part.* Leach, MSS. 1818; Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 1847.
272.

3. Lutraria.

Lutraria, Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. A. s. V. 1801 ; Hist. A. s. V.
v. 4 67, ed. 2. vi. 88; Schum. N. S. 1817; Gray, Mag. N. H.
i. 1837 ; Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Forbes Sf Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 369.

Lutricola* Blainv., not Goldf.

Cultellus (oblonga)* Sow. Man. Conch, ed. 2. 129 (not Schum.
nor Conrad).

Lutraria* Herrmannsen, Ind. 633.

Lutraria (Lutraria), Megerle, Entw. 46, 1811.

Psammophila (oblonga)* Leach, MSS. fide Brown, Brit. Conch.
Mya (subgenus)* Cuvier, R. A. 181 7 , 1830.

* Shell ovate, rather gaping behind.

1. Lutraria elliptica.

Mactra Lutraria* Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. 1126; Chemn. Conch.
Cab . vi. 239. t. 24. f. 240* 241 ; Pulteney Hutchins 9 Hist. Dors.
32; Dorset Cat. 33. t. 5. f. 11 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 84; Linn.
Trans, viii. 73; Mont. Test. Brit. 99 ; Donov. B. S. ii. t. 58 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 78. t. 52. f. 44* ed. 1812, t. 55. f. 3 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, 146 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. 1. 16. f. 3* 4; Hanley *
Rec. Shells, 26; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 9 & ii. 7 ; Desh. Exp.
Sc. Alg. Moll. t. 33* 35* 36* animal.

Lutraria elliptica* Lamk. ed. 2. vi. 90 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B .
t. 12. f. 3. ed. 2. 109. t. 43. f. 3* 4 ; Turt. Brit. Biv. 65 ; Thorpe *
Brit. Mar. Conch. 45 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 291 ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 409. 15 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 370. 1. 12*
t. H. f. 2* animal ; Chenu, III. Conch. Lutrar. t. 1 . f. 10; Leach ,
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 2 72.

L. vulgaris* Flem. B. A. 464.

Mactra* Ency. Meth. Vers, t. 258. f. 3.

List. Ang. t. 4. f. 19; Conch, t. 415. f. 259.
a — k, old and young. Britain.

1. Scarborough. Presented by J. E. Gray* Esq.

b 5

34

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

** Shell widely gaping behind ; lozenge without any posterior
ridge • lateral teeth distinct. Psammophila, Leach.

2. Lutraria oblonga.

Lutraria oblonga, Turt. Biv. 64. t. 5. f . 6 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.

Conch. 44 ; Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 374. 1. 13. f. 1.
Mya oblonga, Gmelin, S. N. 3221 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 27*
t. 2. f. 12.

Mactra bians, Pulteney Hutchins 9 Dors. 32 ; Dorset Cat. 33. t. 2.
f. 4; Donov. B. S. iv. t. 140; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. t. 16.
f. 5, 6 ; Ind. Test. t. 6. f. 37 ; Mont. T. B. 101 ; Linn. Trans ,
viii. 7 4 ; Turt. Diet. 85. f. 41 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 146 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 196. no. 12.

Chama magna, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 230. t. 17- f. 4.

Lutraria Solenoides, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 90 ; Brown, III. C.
t. 12. f. 1, 2nd ed. 109. t. 43. f. 1 ; Blainv. Man. t. 77- f. 3;
Sow. Gen. f. 1 ; Conch. Man. f. 78 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 26 ;
Chenu, III. Conch. Lutrar. 1. 1. f. 9 ; Desh. Exp. Sc. Alg. Moll.
t. 31, 32, animal ; Leach, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 272, 1847.
L. hians, Flem. B. A. 465.

Lutricola solenoides, Blainv. Man. t. 77. f. 3.

“ Psammophila solenoides, Leach MSS., ” Brown; Gray, Ann .
8f Mag. N. H. 1847.
a — c. Britain.

d. Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

Lateral teeth are distinct in the young, but they disappear as
the animal approaches maturity.

Fam. 5. Tellinid^e.

Tellinides (or Tellinidse), Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825 ; Desh. Ency.
Meth. iii. 1830.

Tellinhhe, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840, 1842, 75, 91; Proc.Zool. Soc.
1848, 186; D’Orb. Pal. Frang. 1844; Swains. Malac. 369,
1840 ; Forbes fy Hanley, B. M. i. 269.

Les Conchacees, part., et Les Lithophages, part., Lamk. Cour.
107, 1812.

Les Mactracees, part., Lamk. Hist. v. 467, ed. 2. vi. 87-
Les Nymphacees, Lamk. Hist. v. 509, ed. 2. vi. 165; Feruss.Prod .
43.

Conchaces § 2, part.. Bang, Man. Moll. 304.

Pylorides, part.. Bang, Man. Moll. 322.

Veneridia Isoperia, part., Bafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Nymphacea, Menke, Syn. 111.

Tellinacea, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Tellinina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 214.

Tellinacees (Tellinacea), Blainv. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1814, 179.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

35

Tellinaceae, OJcen , Isis , 1818, 1681.

Tellinoidae, Agassiz, Nomencl.

Tellinidea, Swainson , Elem. Conch . 1835.

Tellinides, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 535, 1818, ed.2. vi. 215 ; Desk.
E. M. iii. 1021; /Sow. Af^m. 104, ed. 2. 270 ; Gmy, Ann. Phil
ix. 136.

Tellinina, Milne-Edw. Elem. Zool. 1841; Macgilliv. Conch. Text-
Book, 202 ; Moll. Aherd. 1843.

Tellininae, Swains. Mai. 371, 1840.

Psammobiadae, part., Flem. B. A. 409, 437, 1828.

Psammobioidae, part., Agass. Nomenc.

Donacidae, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. 331 .

Veneriadae, part., Leach, Ann . Mag. N. H. xx. 27 2.

A. Tellinina.

1. Psammobia.

Psammobia (Gari), Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 511, 1818, ed. 2. vi.
171; Blainv. D. S. N. xliii. 476 (not Risso, E. M. iv. 375) ;
Sow. Gen. ; Desh. E. M. iii. 154 ; Forbes Hanley, Brit .
Moll. 27L

Gari, A. Schum. N. Syst. 1817*

Solen (Gari), Megerle, 1811.

Peronaea et Peronaeoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Azor, part, (vespertinus), Leach MSS. 1818 ; Ann. fyMag. N . H .
xx. 272.

Psammothea, Cuvier, R.A. ed. 2; Voigt, iii. 566.

Psammotea, Ferussac, Tab. Syst. 43, 1821; Schweiger, Naturg .
705 ; Blainv. Man. 349.

Psammotaea (zonalis), Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 516, 1818, ed. 2.
vi. 180.

Psammocola (section), Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 349, 1824 ;
Malac. 567 ; Lea, Proc. Phil. Soc. iii. 165.

* Azor.

1. Psammobia vespertinus (Tbe Setting Sun).

Solen pictus, Spengler, Skrift. Nat. Selsk.l ii. 107 (partly?).

Lux vespertina, Chemn. Conch, vi. 72. t. 7. f. 59, 60.

Solen vespertina, Gmel. S. N. 3228; Mont. T. B. 54; Linn.
Trans, viii. 47 ; Wood, G. Conch. 135. t. 32. f. 2, 3; Turton ,
Bid. 163 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 174. t. 50. f. 2.
Psammobia vespertina, Lamk. Hist. vi. 173. n. 3; Turt. Biv. 92.
t. 6. f. 10, young; Brown , III. C. 1. 16. f. 3, ed. 2. 102. t. 40. f. 3;
Philippi, Sicil. i. 22, ii. 21.

Sanguinolaria vespertina, Thorpe , Brit . Mar. Conch. 65 ; Flem. B.

36

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

A. 461 ; Loven, 42. 302 ; Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 27 L
t. 19. f.1,2.

P. florida, Lamk. Hist. vi. 174. n. 4.

Tellina depressa, B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 73. t. 47. f. 27 (not Linn.).
T. albida, Dillwyn, R. S. 78 (not Linn.).

Tel. variabilis, Pult. Dors. 29; Don. B. S. ii. t. 41. f. 2.

Tellina Gari, Poli, Sic. 1. 15. f. 19, 21, 22 (not Linn.).

Tel. radiata, Linn. F. S. ed. 2 (not Syst. Nat.).

Azor variabilis, Leach , Ma#. JV. H. xx. 272.

a, 5. Loch Ranza. Presented by the Rev. D. Landsborough.

% e.' 1 Britain.

/— *• J

y. Loch Ryan.

&. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

** Psammobia.

2. Psammobia ferroensis.

Tellina Feroensis, Gmelin, S. N. 3235 ; Mont. T. B. 55 ; Phi-
lippi,, 23. t. 3. f. 7 ; Born. t. 2. f. 6.

T. radiata. Da Costa, 209. 1. 14. f. 1 ; Brown, III. C. 1. 16. f. 1, 2.
Psammobia feroensis, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 172; Loven, I. M. 42;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 410. 28 ; Turt. Biv. t. 8. f . 1 ; Leach, Ann.
8f Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

T. ferroensis, Chemn. vi. t. 10. f. 91 ; Pult. Dors. 29 ; Penn. B. Z.

ed. 1812, iv. 177. t. 50. f. 3.

Tellina trifasciata, Don. B, S. t. 60 (not Gmelin).

T. truncata, Spengler (not Linn.).

T. incarnata, Linn. F. S. ed. 2 (not Syst. Nat.) ; Penn. B. Z .

ed. 4. iv. t. 47. f. 31.

T. muricata, Brocchi, 511. 1. 12. f. 2.

Psammobia ferroensis, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 274. 1. 19.
f. 3.

List. Hist. Conch, t. 394. f. 241 ; Any. 19. t. 1. f. a.
a — c. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
d — m. Britain.
n, 0. Scotland.

p, q. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

*** Psammobella.

3. Psammobia Tellinella.

Psammobia Tellinella, Lamk. Hist. vi. 177- n. 1 ; Thorpe , Mar.
Conch. 62; Brown, III. Conch. 102. 133. t. 39. f. 30; Loven,
I. M. 42. 303; Forbes' Sf Hanley, Brit . Moll. 277- 1. 19. f. 4,
t. K. f. 1, animal.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

37

P. florida, Turt. Biv. 86. t. 6. f. 9 (not Lam.) ; Flem . B.A. 437.
a — c. Bantry Bay.
d, e. Scotland.
f — p. Britain.

4. PSAMMOBIA COSTULATA.

Psammobia costulata, Turt. Biv. 87. t. 6. f. 8 ; Flem. B. A. 437 .;
Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 62 ; Brown, III. C. 102. 133. t. 39. f. 34 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 279. 1. 19. f. 5 ; Philippi, Moll.
ii. 21 ; Neu Conch, t. 1. f. 3, 4.

P. discors, Philippi, i. 23. t. 3. f. 8 ; Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.

xix. 314.

Hob. ?

2. Diodonta.

Diodonta, Desh. Exp. Alger, t. 68; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i.

283 (not Didonta, Schum. nor Diodonta, Agassiz, Nomenclat.).
Petricola, sp., LamJc. Hist.

Psammoteea, sp., Lamk. Hist.

Psammobia, sp., Turton, Bivalves, 88 ; Brown, III. C. G. B.

1. Diodonta fragilis.

Tellina fragilis, Linn. S.N. 1117 ; Chemn. Conch, vi. 95. t. 9. f. 84
Turt. Conch. Diet. 166. f. 18; Poli, t. 15. f. 22, 24; Dillw.
R. S. i. 78 ; Wood, Cat. t. 3. f. 7 ; Philippi in Wiegm. Arch .
Natur. 1845, 190. t. 7 . f. 19, 20 ; Anim. Moll. Sicil. i.27,ii.22.
Psammobia fragilis, Turt. Biv. 88. t. 7- f- 11, 12; Flem. B. A.

438 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 62.

Tell, jugosa, Brown, Wern. Trans, ii. 506. t. 24. f. 2.
Psammobia jugosa, Brown, III. C. 1. 16. f. 4, 5, 6.

Petricola ochroleuca, Lamk. Hist. vi. 157 ; Payraud. Cors. t. 1.
f. 9, 10; Sow. Gen. f. 4 ; Desh. Elem. 1. 12. f. 13 ; Thorpe, M. C.
xxvi.

Peronaea sanguinolenta & Peronaeoderma fragilis, Poli, ii.252, 257 .
Psammobia Tarentina, Lamk. Hist. vi. 183 ; Deless. Rec. Coq.
t. 5. f. 11.

Tellina ochroleuca, Wood, Cat. Supp. t. 1. f. 6.

Diodonta fragilis, Desh. Exp. Algerie, Moll. t. 68, animal ; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 284. t. 21. f. 2, t. K. f. 2, animal.
Junior? Tellina polygona, Mont. T. B. Supp. 27. t. 28. f. 4,
cop. Wood, Cat. t.4. f.80, and Brown, III. Conch. \ 02. t. 39. f.33;
Turt. Diet. 180; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 63 B; Penn. B. Z.
ed. 1812, iv. 185. no. 25.

Psammobia polygona, Turt. Biv. 96 ; Flem. B. A. 439.

T. Guinaica, Dillw. R. S. i. 96.

Diodonta fragilis, junior ? Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. 286, note.
a — c. Bantry.

38

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

3. Tellina.

Tellina (part.), Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 674, 1758 ; ed. 12, 1126, 1767.
Tellina (radiata), Brug. Ency. Meth. t. 28 7, 1792; Lamk. Syst.
124, 1801 ; Schum. Essai , 161, 1817 ; Forbes fy Hanley , Brit.
Moll. 286.

Peronsea, sp. Poll , Test. Sicil.

Psammotsea, part., Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1818.

Angulus (lanceolata), Megerle , Entw. 47, 1811.

Macoma (tenera), Leach , in Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay , i. 175,
1819 ; Journ. Phys. Ixxxviii. 465, 1819; Couch , Man. ed. 2.
180; BZain®. MaZ. 558, 1825.

Macroma, Gray , P. .Zi Poe. 1848, 106 (error of press) ; Forbes
Sf Hanley , PriZ. MoZZ. 307.

Psammotea (solidula), Turton, Bivalves , 1822.

Tellinides (timorensis), Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 535 (1818), ed. 2.

vi. 215; Recluz , Rev.Zool. 1846, 146.

Tellinides (roseus), Pow. Gen. f. 1; Man. i. 104, ed. 2. 270.

Omala (planata), Schum. Essai , 128, 1817.

Homala (planata), Agassiz , Nomencl.

Phylloda (foliacea), Schum. Essai, 148, 1817.

Fhyllode (foliacea), Blainv. D. S. N. xl. 107 (misprint).
Arcopagia (crassa), Leach, 1816; Brown, III. Conch, t. 16. f. 8 ;

D’Orb. Voy. Amer. Merid.

Tellina /3. (scobinata), Megerle, Entw.

Solecurtus (solida). Gray, Spic. Zool.

* Arcopagia.

Arcopagia, Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Brown, III. Conch .
1. Tellina crassa.

Lister, Conch, t. 299. f. 136.

Venus crassa, Gmelin, S. N. 3288.

Tellina crassa, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 73 (not figure) ; Lam. Hist.
vi.201. n. 35 ; Mont. T.B.65; Linn. Trans, viii. 55 ; Loven, I.
M. 41.296; Forbes, M. G. P.i.410.27 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. i. 288. t. 20. f. 1,2; Turton, Diet. 173; Bivalves, 109. t.?.
f. 2; Flem.B. A. 436 ; Macgill.Moll. Aberd. 280 ; Thorpe, Mar.
Conch. 80; Wood, Conch. 186. t. 40. f. 1 ; Cat. t. 4. f. 75 ;
Thomp. Rep. B. Assoc. 1843, 261.

T. rigida, Pulteney, Dors. Cat. 30; Don. B. S. 111. t. 103.
Pectunculus depressior. Da Costa, 194. t. 13. f. 4. right hand.
Tellina obtusa. Sow. M. C. 1. 179. f. 4.

Arcopagia crassa, Leach, 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272;

Brown, III. Conch. 1. 16. f. 8, ed. 2. 99. t. 40. f. 8.

A. ovata, Brown , III. C. 1. 16. f. 9-10, ed. 2. 99. t. 40. f. 9-10,
junior ?

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

39

Tellina maculata, Adams , Linn. Trans, iii. 252? Linn. Trans.
viii. 48?; Turt. Diet. 173. f. 13; Bivalves , 108. t. 6. f. 7 ; Flem.
B. A. 436; Thorpe , Mar. Conch. 70; Wood, Conch . 153.

T. scabra, Chemn. Conch, vi. t. 10. f. 94.

a — l. Plymouth Sound and Devonshire Coast.

m. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

n. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

2. Tellina balaustina.

Tellina balaustina, Linn. S.N. 1119 ; Poli, Test. Sicil. i. 14. f.17;
Desh. in Lamk. vi. 209; Philippi, Sicil. Moll. i. 25 & ii. 21 ;
Hanley, Recent Shells, 72, Supp. t. 9. f. 17 ; Thompson, Ann.
N. H. xviii. 385 ; Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xix. 313, 1849 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 290. t. 21. f. 2 ; Hanley in Sow.
Thes. Conch, i. 253. t. 56. f. 10.

Lucina balaustina, Payraud. Moll. Cors. t. 1. f. 21,22.

Hab. Connemara and Isle of Skye; Falmouth.

** Elongate. Donacilla.

3. Tellina donacina.

Tellina donacina, Linn. S. N. i. 1118 ; Lam. Hist. vi. 198. n. 27 ;
Poli, i. 1. 15. f. 10 ; Mont. T. B. 58. t. 27. f. 3 ; M. SfR. Linn.
Trans, viii. 50. 1. 1. f. 7 ; Dors. Cat. 29. 1. 12. f. 3 B ; Pulteney ,
in Hutchins’ Hist. Dorset, 29 ; Wood, G. Conch. 161. t. 45. f.5;
Cat. t. 4. f. 31; Turt. Biv. 103. t. 8. f. 4; Diet. 170; Flem.
B. A. 435 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 67 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 1 6.
f. 16, ed. 2. 101. t. 40. f. 16; Desh. Elem. t. 14. f. 1, 2,3;
Exp. Sci. Algerie, Moll. t. 69. f. 1,3; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i.
24, ii. 21 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Moll. ii. 292. t. 20. f. 3, 4, t. K.
f. 4, animal ; Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 89 ; Hanley, Recent
Shells , 64 ; ditto in Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 232. t. 56. f. 12, t. 66.
f. 259; Leach, Ann. dp Mag. N. H. xx. 272; Penn. B. Z. ed.
1812, iv. 178. no. 5.

T. variegata, Poli, i. t. 15. f. 10.

T. subcarinata, Broc. 512. 1. 12. f. 5.

T. Lantivyi, Payr. Cat. Cors. 40. 1. 1. f. 10, 14, 15.

T. trifasciata, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 75. no. 33 (not Linn.),
a — c. Scotland.

d, e. Loch Ryan. Presented by the Rev. D. Landsborough.
f. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
g — i. Shetland Isles. Presented by J. T. Irvine, Esq.

4. Tellina pygmea.

Tellina pygmea, f 4 Philippi MSS.” in Loven, Ind. Moll. Suec. 42.
300 ; Alder, Cat. Nor thumb. 88 ; Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. xx. 18 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Moll. Brit. ii. 295. 1. 19. f. 6 7.

40

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Like T. donacina, but smaller, more tumid, the pallial sinus
less produced, and the front cardinal teeth more remote.
a — h. Arran.

i — m. Cape Wrath, Orkney. Presented by 11. McAndrew,
Esq.

n — p. Holy Island. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.

*** Fabulina.

5. Tellina incarnata.

T.incarnata, Linn. S. N. 1 118, ji de Mus. Linn. ; Poli, i. 1. 15. f. 1.
(not Linn. F. S., Penn, nor Dillw.) ; Hanley , Thes. Conch, i.
283. t. 60. f. 142, t. 66. f. 265 ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll .
i. 298. t. 20. f. 5.

T. squalida, Pull. Dors. 29 ; Mont. T. B. 56 ; Flem. B. A . 436.
Tellina depressa, Gmel. 3238 ; Lam. Hist. vi. 195. n. 22; Brown ,
Conch.e d. 1. 1. 16. f. 12,ed.2. 100. t. 40. f. 12; Wood, G. Conch .
171. t. 45. f. 3; Turt. Biv. 105. t. 8. f. 6; Phil. Moll. Sicil.
i. 27, ii. 22; Dillw. R. S. i. 91 ; Donov. B. Shells, v. t. 163;
Linn. Trans, viii. 51 ; Turt. Diet. 171 ; Bivalves, 105; Thorpe,
Mar. Conch. 68 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, 179. no. 8.
a — k. Britain.

6. Tellina tenuis.

Tellina incarnata. List. Conch, t. 405. f. 251 ; Chemn. Conch, vi.

119. 1. 12. f. 110, not Linn.; Dillw. R. S. i. 87.

T. planata, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 74. t. 48. f. 29 (not Linn.);

Forbes, M. G. S. i. 410. 28; Burrows, Flem. t. 5. f. 3.

T. balaustina, Dillw. R. S. i. 93 (not Linn.).

T. carnaria. Born. Mus. (not Linn.).

T. polita, Pult. Cat. Dors. 29.

Tellina tenuis. Da Costa, 210; Chemn. f. 117; Don. B. S. i.
t. 19. fig. 3. lower; Lam. Hist. vi. 197. n. 25; Mont. T. B.
59; Linn. Trans. \ iii. 52; Turt on, Diet. 169; Bivalves , 107;
Flem. B. A. 436 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 68 ; Brown, III. Conch.
100. t. 40. f. 19; Wood, Conch. 155. t. 44. f. 3, 4 ; Cat. t. 3.
f. 22 ; Philippi, Sicil. i. 26, ii. 22 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Moll.
Brit. i. 300. 1. 19. f. 8, t. K. f. 3, animal ; Loven, I. M. 41. 298 ;
Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272; Penn. B . Z. ed. 1812,
180. t. 51. f. 2.

Var. T. exigua, Poli, Test. Sicil. 1. 15. f. 15-17.

a — h. Aberdeenshire. Presented by Professor Macgillivray.
i, k. Southampton.

I — c c. Britain.

d d—i i. Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

41

7. Tellina fabula.

Tellina fabula, Gronov. Zoophyl. 263. no. 1 1 1 1 . 1. 18. f. 9; Gmelin ,
3239; Lam. H. ed. 2. vi. 197; Wood, G. Conch. 156. t. 45.
f.4 ; Ind. Test. t. 3. f. 23 ; Mont . T. B. 61; Lmw. Trans. viii. 52;
Dorset Cat. 30. t. 12. f. 3, 3 a; Forbes, M. G. S. 411. 32;
Brown , I7Z. Conch. G. B. 1. 16. f. 19, 2nd ed. t. 40. f. 18 ; Wood,
Gen. Conch. 156. t. 45. f. 4; Turt. Conch. Diet. 170; Brit.
Biv. 101; Flem. Brit. An. 435; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 280;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 66 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 26. t. 3.
f. 10, ii. 22; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 302. t. 19. f. 9,
var. t. 26. f. 3 ; Donov. B. S. t. 97 ; Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 91 ;
Rees, Cyclop. Shells , t. 5 ; Deless. Rec. Coq. t. 6. f. 5 ; Hanley,
Recent Shells, 64 ; ditto in Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 287. t. 57- f. 62 ;
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, 179. no. 9.
T. discors, Pulteney, Dors. 54.

“ T. semistriata, Solander,” Montag.

Tellina vitrea, Gmelin.
a — k. Britain.

I — w. Aberdeenshire. Presented by Professor Macgillivray.
x — b b. Red Car.

c c—ff. Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.

**** Macoma, Leach.

8. Tellina carnaria.

T. carnaria, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 74. t. 49. f. 32, 32 A (not ed.

1812, nor Linn.) ; Fleming, Brit . An. 438.

T. rubra, Da Costa, 211. t. 12. f. 4.

Tellina solidula, Pulteney Hutchins’ Hist. Dors. 29 ; Dorset Cat.
29. t.8. f.4 ; Mont. T.B.6 3 ; Linn. Trans. viii. 58 ; Loven,Moll.
Suec. t. 41 ; Lam. H. ed. 2. vi. 206 ; Index Testae, t. 4. f. 84 ;
Turt. Conch. Diet. 17 7 ; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 279 ; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 70; Brown, III. Conch. G.B.101. t.40. f. 14;
Wood, Gen. Conch. 193. t. 46. f. 2; Hanley, Recent Shells,
70; ditto in Sow. Thes. Conch. 318. t. 59. f. 109, 110; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 304. t. 20. f. 6 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.
xx. 272; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, 184. t. 52. f. 2, 2 A.

? T. zonata, Dillw. R . S. i. 100 (not Gmelin) —List . Ang. t. 4.
f. 25 ; List. Conch, f. 250, 251.

T. Ralthica, GmelA ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 28, ii. 22; Forbes,
Mem. Geol. Surv. i. 411. 29.

Psammobia solidula, Turt. Brit . Biv. 95. t. 8. f. 2.

a — j. Aberdeenshire. Presented by Professor Macgillivray.
k. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq,
l — o. New Romney.

p, q ? var. ? Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.
Montagu considers this the T.incarnata, Linn., Chemn. v.f. 1 10.

42

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

9. Tellina tenera.

Macoma tenera, Leach, App. Ross Voy. Baffin’s Bay , i. 175* 1819 ;

Journ. Phys. lxxxviii. 465, 1819.

Tellina proxima, Gray , Zool. Beech. Voy. 154. t. 44. f. 4; Smith,
Wern. Trans, viii. 105. t. 1. f. 21 ; Macg. Aberd. 340 ; Thorpe ,
M. C. 246 ; Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. xx. 19 ; Philippi, Neu Conch.
ii. Tellina, t. 5. f. 4 ; Hanley in Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 313. t. 66.
f. 264, t. 59. f. 115; Forbes and Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 307.
t. 21. f. 1.

T. lata, Gmelin ; Loven, M. Suec. 41. 297 (not Quoy Sf Gaim.).
“ T. triangularis, Wahlenb .,” Lyell.

T. ealcarea, Lyell, Phil. Trans . 1836 ; Moller ; Forbes, Mem. Geol .

Surv. i. 411.

T. sabulosa, Spengler.

T. sordida, Couthouy, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. ii. 59. t. 3. f. 11.

T. ovalis, Woodward, Geol. Norf. t. 2. f. 11.

T. ovata, Sow. Min. Conch, t. 161. f. 2.

T. obliqua. Sow. M. C. t. 161. f. 1.

Sanguinolaria sordida, Gould, Invert. Mass. 67= List. Conch .

t. 407. f. 253.

Inhab. Scotland.

4. Abra.

Abra (tenuis), Leach, MSS.B.M. 1817, Sf in LamJc . H. A. s. V.

1818, ed. 2. vi. 128; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 2 72.

Syndosmya (Boysii), Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1843, 292, 359 ; Loven,
Ind. Moll. Skand. 44, 1846; Forbes and Hanley, Brit. Moll .
i. 315.

Syndesmya, Agass. Nom. (misprint).

Syndosmia, Forbes, Athenaeum, 1844 (misprint).

Ligula /3. (tenuis), part., Montague, Test. Brit . 1808, not Menke,
1830.

Amphidesma, part., Lamk. H.A.s. V. 1818.

Erycina (Boysii) (Lamk.?), Philippi, Moll. Sicil. 1846.

Tellina, part, (rubiginosa), Poli, Test. Sicil.

1. Abra alba.

Mactra Boysii, Mont. T. B. 98. t. 3. f. 7 ; Maton Sf Racket, Linn.
T. viii. 72. 1. 1. f. 12 ; Dorset Cat. 33. t. 12. f. 7 ; Turt. Conch .
Diet. 84 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, 143 ; Index Testae, t. 6. Mactra ,
f. 27 ; Penn. B. Z. 1812, iv. 195. no. 10.

Amphidesma Boysii, Lam. H. ed.2.vi. 128; Turt. Biv. 53. t.5. f.4,
5; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 55; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 105.
t. 42. f. 3; Hanley, Recent Shells, 42. t. 6. Mactra, f. 27.
Ligula Boysii, Mont. Linn. Trans.

Mactra alba. Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. 174. t. 18. f. 9-12.
Amphidesma alba, Fleming, B.A. 432; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 293.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

43

Syndosmya alba, Recluz , Rev.Zool. 1843, 362; Chenu , III. Conch.
Syndosm. 3; Loven , Ind. Moll. SJcand. 45. 311 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 316. t. 17. f. 12, 13, 14.

Abra alba, Leach ; Gray, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1847* 272 ; Forbes ,
M. G. S. i. 409. 18 (1846).

Erycina Renieri, Brown ; Philippi , i. 2. t. 1. f. 6, ii. 8.

Tellina opalina, Renieri, not Chemn.

T. pellucida, Brocchi, t. 12. f. 8.

Amph. semidentata, Scacchi, Cat. 5.
a — y. Coast of England.
g — j. Scarborough.

k, l. Strangford Lough. Presented by G. Hyndman, Esq.
m — r. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

2. Abra intermedia.

Amphidesma intermedia, Thompson , Ann. N. H. xv. 318. t. 19,
f. 6.

Abra intermedia, Forbes , M. G. S. i. 409. 20 ; Forbes Sf Hanley ,
Brit. Moll. i. 319. 1. 17- f. 9, 10, t. K. f. 5, animal.

Amph. obovale, S. Wood.

Mya nitida, Muller, Prod. n. 2963, not 0. Fab.

Syndosmya nitida, Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 44.

Young. Abra profundissima, Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xx. 19
(not Forbes),
a — c. Scotland.
d — l. Inverary.

m — p. S. of Ireland. Presented by R. Mtf Andrew, Esq.

3. Abra prismatica.

Ligula prismatica, Mont. T. B. Supp. 23. t. 26. f. 3 ; Penn. B. Z.
ed. 1812, iv. 169. no. 1.

Mya prismatica, Wood, Gen. Conch. 101; Turt. Conch. Diet. 103;

Dillw. Recent Shells, i. 47 ; Index Testae, t. 2. Mya, f. 21.
Amphidesma prismatica, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 128; Turt. Brit.
Biv. 52. t. 5. f. 3 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 294 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 54; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 105. t. 42. f. 5;
Hanley, Recent Shells, i. 42. t. 2. Mya, f. 21.

Abra prismatica, “Leach,” fide Lam, . Hist.; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.

xx. 1847, 272; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 408. 19.

Syndosmya prismatica, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1843, 367, in Chenu,
III. Conch. Syndos. 4 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 321.
1. 17- f. 15; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 45. 314.
a—f. Newcastle. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.
g — k. Ireland.

l, m. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
n — s. Britain.

44

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

4. Abra TENUIS.

Mactra tenuis, Mont. T. B. 572. 1. 17- f. 7 ; Linn. Trans . viii. 72;
Dorset Cat. 33 ; Turton , Conch . Diet. 84 ; Fleming , Brit. An.
433; Dillw. Becent Shells, i. 142; Iwc?. t. 6. Mactra,
f. 26.

Amphidesma tenue, Lam. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 128. 8; Turt. Biv. 53 ;
Flem. Brit. An. 432 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 293; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch . 55. f. 24; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 105. t. 45.
f. 2 ; Delessert, Bee. Coq. t. 4. f. 6 ; Hanley, Becent Shells, 42.
Ligula tenuis. Brown, III. C. 1. 14. f. 2.

Abra tenuis, Leach, fide Lamk. H. v. 492 ; Ann. Sc Maq . N. H.
xx. 1847, 272.

Syndosmya tenuis, Becluz, Bev. Zool. 1843, 366, in Chenu, III.
Conch. Syndos. 3 ; Forbes Sc Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 323. 1. 17.

f. 11.

a — -f. Coast of England.

5. Trigonella.

Arenaria (compressa), Megerle, Entw. 47, 1811, not Linn.
Scrobicularia a., Schum. Essai, 127, 1817 ; Blainv. D. S. N. xlviii.
212.

Scrobicularia, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. 325.

Ligula /3. (compressa), Montague, T. Brit. 1808.

Abra (compressa), part, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819 ; Ann. Sf
Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

Abra (fragilis ),(e Leach, MSS.;” Bisso, Eur. Merid. iv. 370,
1826.

Lavignon, Cuvier, B. A. 1817; D’Orb. Amer. Merid.
Lavignonus (Lavignon), Ferussac, Tabl. Syst. 44, 1821 ; Pot. fy
Mich. Gall. ii. 249, 1844.

Listera (piperita), Turton, Bivalves, 51, 1822 (not Brown) ;
Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 118.

Lutricola a., Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 348, 1824 ; Malac.

566 ; not Luticola, Goldfuss.

Lutraria (compressa), Swains. Malac. 1840.

Trigonella (compressa), Loven, Moll. Skand.

Calcinella, ((Desh.,” Agassiz, Nomenclat.

Carinella, Sow. Man. 98 (misprint), 1842.

Platymya sp., Agassiz, Verh. 1838.

Lutraria, sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1818.

Trigonella, sp., Da Costa, Brit. Shells, 200.

Amphidesma, sp., Fleming, B. A. ; Sow. Gen. ; Say, Amer.
Conch .

Ligula, part, Leach, MSS.

Chama (Calcinella), Adanson, Seneg .

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

46

1. Trigonella plana.

Trigonella plana. Da Costa , Brit. Conch. 200. t. 13. f. 1 ; Desk.

Exp. Sc. Algerie , Moll. t. 44-64 (shell, animal and anatomy).
Mactra piperata, Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3261 ; Dillw. Recent Shells, i.
M2.

Lutraria piperata, LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 92 ; Philippi, Moll .

Sic. i. 9; Chenu, Illust. Conchyl. Lutraria, 1. 1. f. 1.
Scrobicularia piperata, Philippi, l. c. ii. 8 ; Forbes, Mem. Geol.
Surv. i. 409. 16; Forbes £f Hanley, Brit . Moll. i. 326. t. 15.
f. 5, t. K. f. 6 (animal).

Mactra eompressa, Soland. ; Pulteney Hutchins’ Dors. 31 ; Mont.
T. B. 96 & 560.

Lutraria eompressa, Lamlc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 91 ; Brown, III.
Conch. G.B.t. 12. f. 4, 2nd ed. 109. t. 43. f. 4 ; Crouch, Introd.
Conch, t. 4. f. 3; Hanley, Recent Shells, 27 ; Chenu, III.
Conch. Lutraria, t. 1. f, 7*

Listera eompressa, Turt. Biv. 51. t. 5. f . 1,2; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 45.

Amphidesma eompressa, Flem. B. A.

A. transversum. Say, Amer. Conch, t. 28. mid. jig. (fide Recluz).
Tellina plana, Donov. B. S. ii. t. 64. f. 1.

Mya Gaditana, Gmel. 3221.

Lutricola eompressa, Blainv. Malac. 77- f. 2.

Solen callosus, Olivi.

Mya hispanica, Chemn. C. Cab. vi. 31. t. 3. f. 21.

M. orbiculata, Spengler.

Venus borealis, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 82 (Tellina crassa) t. 48.
f. 28 (not Linn.).

Mactra Listeri, Gmel. 3261 —List. Hist. Conch, t. 253. f. 88;
Ang. t. 4. f. 23; Linn. Trans, viii. 71; Dorset Cat. 33. t. 7.
f. 1 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 83 ; Ind. Test. t. 6. Mactra, f. 25 ;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 194. no. 7 (Tellina crassa, t. 51. f. 1).
Lutraria Listeri, S. Wood; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 291.

Abra Listeri, Leach, 1819; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272, 1847.
Abra fragilis, “Leach;” Risso , Europ. Merid. iv. 370.

Lavignon Calcinella, Recluz, III. Conch. Lavigno, 8.

Young?? Amphidesma truncatum, Brown, III. Conch. G.B. 106.
t. 42. f. 4.

Syndosmya truncatus, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1843, 368, from Brown’s
figure.

? Tellina pellucida. Brown, III. Conch. G. B.jide Forbes and Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 345 note,
a — c. Northumberland.
d, e. Wyvanhoe, Essex.
f—q- Plymouth.

46

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

B. Donacina.

6. Donax.

Donax, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 682, 1758, ed. 12. 1126, 1797 ;
Gmelin, S. N. 3262; Scopoli ; Brug. E. M. i. 14; Forbes fy
Hanley , Brit. Moll. 331 ; Sow. Gen. Donax , f. 1-4.

Donax (rugosa), Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. i. 22, 1801 ; Ann. Mus. vii.
139.

Cuneus ( ), Da Costa , Brit. Shells ; Humph. Mus. Calonn.

Peronaea, part., and Peronaeoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.
Capisteria, Gevers.

Hecuba (scortum), Schum. N. S. 157, 1817.

Donax (scortum), Swainson , Malac. 1840.

Chion (denticulata), Scopoli , Introd. H. N. 1777.

Latona (cuneata), Schum. N. Syst. 156, 1817, not Straus nor
Guerin.

Capsa (complanata), part.. Sow. Gen.

Potamomya ( ), J. Sow.; D’Orb.

Donacidae, Forbes fy Hanley , B. Moll. 331.

* Margin denticulated. Cuneus.

1. Donax vittatus.

Cuneus vittatus. Da Costa , Brit. Conch. 207. t. 14. f. 3.

Donax asiaticum, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 249 ; Blainv. Man. t. 71.
f, 2 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 332. t. 21. f. 4, 5, 6, t. K,
f. 7 (animal) ; Hanley, Recent Shells, i. 83.

D. trunculus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12. 1127, partly, not Mus.
Ulric.; Dillw. R. S. i. 150 (not Lam. 24); Penn. Bril. Zool.
ed. 4. iv. 79. t. 55, f. 45, ed. 1812, t. 58. f. 1; Donov. B. S. i.
t. 29. f. 1 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. 1. 16. f. 13 ; Flem. Brit. An.
433 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 410. 26 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 41 ; Brit.
Biv. 123; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 97. t. 39. f. 11 ; Ind. Test.
t. 6. Donax, f. 5 ; Mawe, Conchology, t. 9. f . 5 ; Pulteney
Hutchins’ Dorset, 32; Mont. Test. Brit. pt. 1. 103; Dorset
Cat. 33. t. 6. f. 3 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 275 ; Thorpe, Brit .
Mar. Conch. 77 ; Crouch, Introd. Conch, t. 6. f. 5.

Peronaea brevirostris and Peronaeoderma trunculus, Poli, ii. 251,
257= List. Ang. t. 5. f. 35 ; Conch. 376. f. 217.

Young. Donax ruber, Mont. Test. Brit. Supp. 38; Turt. Brit.
Biv. 12 7. 1. 10. f. 14 ; Flem. Brit. An. 434 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar ,
Conch. 79; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 97. 1. 13. f. 13.

D. trunculus, junior, Thomp. Rep. B. Assoc. 1843, 261 ; Forbes <§*
Hanley, B. Moll. 332.

Var.? D. fabagella, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2.
a—f, very large. Stornoway.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

47

g — j. Britain.

k. Ditto. Mus. Laskey.

/ — n. Scotland.

o — k k, old and young. Britain.

1 1 — pp. Young (Donax ruber, Mont.). England,

** Edge even. Capsella.

2. Donax politus.

Donax complanatus, Mont. T. B. 106. t. 5. f. 4 ; Linn. Trans, viii.
75; Turt. Brit. Biv. 125. t. 7- f- 13, 14; Conch. Diet. 42;
Philippi , Sicil. ii. 28 ; Flem. Brit. An. 433 ; Thorpe , Brit.
Mar. Conch. 78; Dillw. Recent Shells , i. 150; Lamk. Hist.
ed. 2. vi. 249 ; Ind. Testae, t. 6. Donax , f. 6 ; Leach , <5*

il%. IV. H. xx. 272 ; Pern. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 198. no. 2.
Capsa complanata, /Sow. Gew. Shells , Capsa , f. 2; Brown, III.
Conch. G. B. 96. t. 39. f. 10 ; Payraud. Cat. Moll. Corse, 46;
Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 61. f. 2 ; Hanley, Recent Shells, 86. t. 6,
Donax, f. 6.

D. laevigata, Swains. MSS., not Gmelin.

Tellina polita, Poli , Test. Sic. ii. t. 21. f. 14, 15.

Psammobia polita, Costa, Cat. Test. Sic. 20.

Peronaeoderma politum, Poli, ii. 257.

T. vinacea, Gmel.

Donax longa. Brown ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 37. t. 3. f. 13.
Tellina variegata a., Gmelin, 3237 ; from List. t. 384. f. 227.
Donax politus, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 336. t. 21. f. 7*
a — g. Britain.
h, i. Bantry.

j. Bantry Bay. Presented by Miss Warne.
k—m. Britain.

C. Petricolxna.

Gastrochaenidae, part., Forbes and Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 186.

7. Petricola.

Petricola, sp., Lamk. Hist.; Philippi, Sicil. i. 21.

Petricola, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 151.

Yenus, sp., Retzius, Act. Acad. Taur. 1786, 11.

Mya (species), Montagu, Brit. Shells, ii. 20.

Venerupis, sp.. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; Blainv. Man. Malac.
Sphaenia (decussata), Turton, Biv. 38 ; Brown, Illust. C. G. B.

1. Petricola Lithophaga.

Venus Lithophaga, Retzius, Act. Acad . Taur. 1786, 11. f. 1, 2.
Tellina — ?, Poli, Test. Sicil. i. t. 7* f. 14, 15.

48

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Mya decussata, Mont. T. B . Supp. 20. t. 28. f. 1 ; Thorpe , M.
C. 41 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 46; Turton, Diet . 102; Wood , Gen.
Conch. 99; Cat. t. 2. f. 17 ; Fleming, B. A. 466.

Venerupis decussata, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Petricola striata, Lamlc. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 158 ; Deless. Rec. Coq.

t. 4. f. 11 ; Payr . Cat. Moll. Corse, 35. no. 51.

P. costellata, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 158 ; Deless. Rec. Coq. t. 4.
f. 12 ; Chenu, Elem. 200. f. 59 ; Payr. Cat. Moll. Corse , 35.
no. 52.

Petricola ruperella, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 159 ; Deless. Rec . Coq .

t. 4. f. 14; Desh. Enc. Meth. Vers, iii. 747- no. 3.

Splisenia decussata, Turton, Dithyra. Brit. 38 ; Brown, III. C.
ed. 2. t. 45. f. 3.

Venerupis lamellosa (V. petricole), Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 76.
f. 2.

Petricola Lithophaga, Bronn, Reise, 600 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic.
i. 21. t. 3. f. 6, ii. t. 20; Wiegmann, Arch. 1845, 188. t. 7.
f. 11-14, animal ; Desh. Algerie, Moll. t. 66. f. 5-9. t. 67, anat. ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 151. t. 6. f. 9, 10, t. G. f. 1,
animal.

Petricola ?, Brown, III. Conch, t. 10. f. 3.

Inhab. Cork Harbour, Humphrey, Mus. Jeffreys, two spec.

8. Venerupis.

Venerupis, Lamk. 1818; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 154.
Capsa, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. xx, 1847,
272.

Donax, sp., Linn.

Petricola, sp., Turton, Bivalves.

Pullastra, sp.. Brown, Illust. B. C.

Cuneus sp.. Da Costa, Brit. Shells, 204.

1. Venerupis Irus.

Donax Irus, Linn. S. N. 1128; Chemn. vi. 271. t. 26. f. 268,
269; Don. B. S. t. 29. f. 2; Mont. T. B. 108, 573 ; Dors.
Cat. t. 12. f. 6; Linn. Trans, viii. 77; Turton, Diet. 43;
Dillw. R. S. i. 156 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 1812, iv. 200. no. 6.
Cuneus foliatus. Da Costa, B. S. 204. t. 15. f. 6 (left band).
Petricola Irus, Turt. Dith. Brit. 26. t. 2. f. 14.

Venerupis Irus, Lamk. Hist. edit. 2. vi. 163 ; Flem. B. A. 451 ;
Philippi, Sicil. i. 21, ii. 20; Desh. Exped. Algerie, Moll.
t. 66. f. 14, 17, anim. ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 156. t. 7-
f. 1, 2, 3, t. G. f. 2 (animal).

Pullastra Irus, Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 89. t. 37- f. 9.

Venus Irus, “ Leach,” Brown, III. Conch, t. 20. f. 9.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

49

Y. cancellata, Olivi.
y Bolt&n jR

Capsa Irus, Leach , MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847,

272.

Tellina Cornubiensis, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 75. no. 35, from Bor-
lase , Cornw. t. 28. f. 23,
a — q. Britain.

r. Teignmouth. Presented by J. B. Harvey, Esq.

Order II. CLADOPODA.

Cladopoda, Gray, Synops. Brit. Mus. 1840; 1842,76, 91; Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1848, 187

Cladopoda, Pachypoda and Phyllopoda (part.),Gr#y, Med. Repos.

1821, 237.

Conch, dimyaires crassipedes, Lamk. Hist. v. 426, ed. 2. vi. 12.
Acepliales lamellipedes, part., and A. crassipedes, part., Lamk .
Cour. 106, 1812.

Pholadiadse, Leach, 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Hypogidia, Rajin. Anal. Nat. 146, 1815.

Pyloridea, Blainv. Man. Moll.

Enfermes, Cuvier, R. A. ; Feruss. Prod. 39.

Inclusa, Menke, Syn. 119.

Myacea, Eichw. Zool. Special, i. 277-

Fam. 1. PlIOLADIDiE.

Pholadidse, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 187 ; Forbes Sf Hanley ,
Brit. Moll. i. 57, 1848.

Hypogsea or Hypogseoderma, Poll, Test. Sicil.

Pholadiadse, part., Leach, MSS. 1818; Ann. Sf Mag. N . H. xx.
1847, 272.

Pholadae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 76.

Les Pholadaires, part., Lamk. Cour. 208, 1812.

Les Pholadaires et Les Tubicolees, part., Lamk. Hist. v. 427,441,
ed. 2. vi. 17-39.

Cladopoda, part.. Gray, Med . Repos. 1821, 237; Desh. E. M . iii.
237.

Pholadaria and Teredaria, part., Rajin. Anal. Nat. 1815, 146.
Pholadea and Tubicola, part., Menke, Syn. 121; Alton, Verz.
Conch. 12.

Tubicoles, § 2, Rang , Man. Moll. 343.

Pholades, Feruss. Tab. Syst.

Pylorides, part., Blainv. Man. Moll.

Pholadina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 221.

Teredinadse, Flem. B. Anim. 454, 1828.

Teredinidse, Flem. B. A. 409, 1828.

c

50

BRITISH MOLLUSCA, ,

Teredinina, Agassiz , Nom. 1847.

Teredinitse (Teredinites), Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825,

Solen, Tourn. in Gualt. Ind. 1742, not Linn.

Conchse multivalves, Adanson , Seneg. 195, 1757-
Conchae plurivalves, part., Martini , Verzeich. 1775.
Conchseformia and Scobinata, Schum. Essai , 36, 95, 1817*

1. Pholas.

Pholas (costatus), Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. 1801; Gray , P. Z . 5.
1848, 187.

Pholas, sp., Adanson , Seneg. 1757 ; Lm. ; Montague , T. 5. ;

Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 94.

Barnia (candida), Leach, MSS. B. M. 1819.

Barnea, cc Leach ,” Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 1826.

Hypogasa and Hypogaeoderma, part., Po/i, Test. Sicil.

1. Pholas parya.

Pholas parvus, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 1. iv. 77- t. 40. f. 13, ed. 4 .

iv. 65. t. 40. f. 13 ; Montag. T. B. 22. 1. 1. f.7, 8.

Pholas parva, Linn. Trans, viii. S3 ; Brown, 111. C. t. 9. f. 11, 12,
ed. 2. 115. t. 48, f. 11, 12, not Don.; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit .
Moll. i. 111. t. 4. f. 1, 2. t. 2. f. 2, var. short, t. F. f. 3, 3 a;
Turton, C. Diet. 143; Bivalves, 9; Brit . Faun. 145. no. 171;
Flem. B. A. 457 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 32. f. 71; Wood, Gen .
Conch. 82 ; CV?£. t. 2, Pholas, f. 6 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 38 ; Leach ,
Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Ph. dactyloides, Lam. ed. 2. vi. 45 (not note).

Pholas crenulatus, Spengler, Skrwt. Naturh. Selsk. ii. 92 (1792).
Pholas ligamentina, Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 3. f. 11, 12.

Pholas tuberculata, Turton, Dithyr. Brit. 5. t. 1. f. 7-8; Flem .
B. A. 457 ; Brown, III. Conch. 115. t. 49. f. 12, 13 ; Thorpe ,
JBro’f. M. C. 30 ; Wood, Cat. Supp. f. 2.

? Ph. callosa, Lamk. Hist. vi. 46.

Var. Short.^ — Forbes £f Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. t. 2. f. 2.
a — g. Britain.
h — m. Ditto.

n — ~p . Devonshire. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

2. Pholas Candida.

Pholas candidus, Linn. S. N. ; Chemn. Conch, viii. t. 101. f. 861,
862; Mont. T. B. 24; Penn. B. Zool. ed. 1. iv. 76, ed. 4. 64.
t. 39„ f. 11; Da Costa, B. Conch. 246; Donov. B. S. t. 132;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. t. 9. f. 6-16; Loven, I. M. 49, 340 ;
Wood, G. Conch. 79. t. 14. f. 3, 4 ; Cat. t. 2. f. 3; Philippi,
Moll . Sicil. i. 3, ii. 4 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 36 ; Linn. Trans.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

51

viih 31; Turton , Diet. 144. f. 79; Biv. 10; Brit. Faun. 145.
uo. 173; Flem. B. Anim. 4 57; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 306;
Thorpe , B. M. Conch. 115. t. 48. f. 6-10; Burrows, Flem.
Conch, t. 3. f. 4; Mawe, Introd. Conch, t. 3. f. 2 ; Crouch, Intr.
Conch, t. 2. f. 11; Desh. Exp. Alger. 109. t. 9. f. 4, 5.

Ph. Candida, Pultn. Dorset. 26; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.vi.44; Forbes
dp Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 117- 1. 4. f. 1, 2.

Ph. papyracea, “ Solander,” Spengler, Skrivt. Naturh. Selsk. ii.

98. t. 1. f. 4, not his diagnosis, and not Turton.

Ph. dactyloides, Chiaje, t. 65. f. 4, not Lamk. ; Poli, Sicil. t. 7*
f. 12, 13.

Lister, Conch, t. 435. f. 278.

a—f. Devonshire. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
g (in situ). Britain. Ditto.

h, jun. Near Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.
i — l (in situ and separate). Felixtow. Presented by Professor
Henslow.

2. Dactylina.

Dactylina (dactylus), Gray , P. Z. S. 1848, 187-

Pholas, sp., Linn. S. N.; Lamk. Hist. A. s.V. 1818 ; Leach, 1818.

Hypogsea and Hypogaeoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Thovana (oblongata), Leach, MSS, Brit. Mus. 1818.

1. Dactylina dactylus.

Pholas dactylus, Linn. S. N. 1110 ; Mont. T. B. 20, 558 ; Donov.
B. S. iv. 1. 118; Linn. Trans, viii. 30; Turton, Conch. Diet.
143; Bivalves, 8; Brit . Faun. 145. no. 170; Brown, III. C.
G. B. t. 8. f. 1, 2, 3 ; Loven, I. M. 50. 341; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1.
iv. 76, ed. 4. 64. t. 39. f. \Q— Lister, Conch, t. 433. f. 276 ; Flem.
B.A.457; Thorpe, Brit. M. Conch. 31; Born. Mus. 14.t. l.f.7;
Chemn. C. C. viii. 353. 1. 101. f. 859; Spengl. Skrivt. Naturh.
Selsk. ii. 85; Wood, Gen. Conch. 77- 1. 13; Index Test. t. 2. f. 1 ;
Sow. Gen. f. 1 ; Conch. Man. f. 55 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. f. 24 ;
Dillw. R. S. i. 35 ; Lamk. A. s. Vert. ed. 2. 43 ; Mawe, Conch.
t. 3. f. 3 ; Phil. Moll. Sicil. i. 3, ii. 4 ; Desh. Exp. Alger .
Moll. 107. t. 9. f. C, E, G, f. 1, 2, 3 ; Chenu, Trait. Elem. 38.
f. Ill ; Leach, Ann. Sp Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Forbes fy Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 108. t. 3. f. 1, 2, large, f. 3, var.

Pholas muricatus. Da Costa, 244. t. 16. f. 2.

Pholas hians, Pultney, Dorset, 26.

Hypogaea verrucosa, Hypogaeoderma dactylus, Poli, Test. Sicil.
251, 257. t.l. f.l, 5.

Pholas callosa, Edwards , in Cuvier, Reg. Anim. ed. Crock. 1. 113.
f. 1 ; ? Lamk. vi. 46 ; ? Brown , III. Conch, t. 8. f. 5, 8.

c 2

52

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Var. Narrowed in front. — Forbes Sf Hanley , l. c. t. 3. f. 3.
a — d. Britain.
e — i. Ditto.

j, k. Ditto, in situ. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

I — p (var. narrowed in front). Britain.
q (old). Devonshire. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

3. Pholadidea.

Pholadidea, “ Leach ,” in Blainv . Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxix. 532 ;
Goodall , in Turton, Conch. Diet. ; Desh. Elem. Conch. 75 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. 123, 1848.

Pholidea, Swainson, Elem. Conch. 1835.

Pholidsea, “Leach,” Swainson, Malac. 1840.

1. Pholadidea papyracea.

Pholas papyracea ( Solander ), Turton, Biv. 2. t. 1. f. 1, 2, 3, 4;
Brown, III. Conch, t. 8. f. 4, 6, 7* 9 ; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch.
29 ; Sow. Gen. f. 3 ; Conch. Man. f. 56 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst.
t. 24. f. 3; Mawe, Conch, t. 3. f. 5; Wood, Cat. Supp . t. 1,

f. 1.

Pholadidea Loscombiana, Goodall, in Turt. Conch. Diet. 147.
Pholas (Pholadidoidea) striata, Blainv. Man. Malac. 578. t. 81.

f. 7.

Pholadidea Goodallii, Blainv. D. S. N. xxxvii. 532.

Pholas striata, Griffith, A. K. t. 8. f. 4.

Pholadidea papyracea, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 123. t. 5.
f. 3, 4, 5, 6 ; t. 2. f. 1; t. F. f. 4, animal.

Young. Open in front, and without hinder appendages.

Pholas lamellata, Turton, Biv. 5. 1. 1. f. 5, 6 ; Flem. B. A. 456 ;
Brown, III. Conch. 114. t. 49. f. 10, 11; Wood, Cat. Supp. 1. 1.
f. 3.

Yar. Small. — Forbes Sf Hanley t Brit. Moll. t. 2. f. 1.

Group in situ. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
c, d. Exmouth.

e — h. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
i,j. Teignmouth. Presented by J. B. Harvey, Esq.

2. Pholadidea sulcata.

Pholas sulcata, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. t. 9. f. 17, 18; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 128, note.

Pholas vibonensis, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 4. t. 13. f. 5.

Inhab. Dunbar.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

53

4. ZlRF^EA.

Zirfsea (crispata), Leach , MSS. Brit. Mus. ; Gray, Syn. B. M.

1840 ; ed. 1842, 76, 91 ; P. Z. S. 1848, 188.

Pholas, sp., La?nk.; Leach, 1818,

1. ZlRFiEA CRISPATA.

Pholas crispata, Linn. S. N. 1111; Don. B. S. ii. t. 62; Linn.
Trans, viii. 32 ; Turt. Diet. 146 ; Biv. 6 ; Brit. Faun. 145.
no. 1 72 ; Flem. B. A. 456 ; Brown , III. Conch. 114. t. 9. f. 1-5 ;
Dillw. R. S. i. 40 ; Macgill. Moll. Aherd. 306 ; Thorpe, B. M.
Conch. 29 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 81. 1. 15. f. 2, 5 ; Cat. t. 2. f. 5;
Spengler, Skrivt. Selsk. ii. 96 ; Lamk . Hist. ii. 46 ; Dekay,
Moll. N. Y. 247. t. 32. f. 506; Loren, I. M. 50. 342; Forbes,
M. G. Surv. i. 407. n. 3 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 114.
t.4. f. 3, 4, 5.

Ph. crispatus, Mont. T. B. 23; Chemn. Conch, viii. 369. t. 102.

f. 872-874; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 65. t. 40. f. 12. '

Ph. bifrons, Da Costa, 242. 1. 16. f. 4.

Solen crispus, Gmel. S. N. 3228.

Var. Small.

Pholas parvus. Da Costa, Conch. 24 7; Don. B. S. i. t. 69.

Lister, Conch, t. 436. f. 279 ; Fncy. Meth. t. 169. f. 5.
a, b. Scotland. Presented by the Duke of Gordon,
c—j. Britain.

k — m. Ramsgate and Scarborough. Presented by Mrs, Ro-
binson.

n — s. Scarborough.
t, u, jun. Britain.

5. Xylophaga.

Xylophaga, Turton, Brit. Bivalves, 16. 253; Flem. B. A. 409,
455, 1828 ; Latr. Fam. Nat . ; Sow. Gen. fig. ; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 89 ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Scand. 50.
Xilophaga, Herrmanns en, Ind. 713.

Pholas, sp., Desh. in Lamk. H. A.s. V.

1. Xylophaga dorsalis.

Teredo dorsalis, Turt. Conch. Diet. 185 ; Bivalves, 16. t. 2. f. 4, 5.
Xylophaga dorsalis, Turt. Biv. 253. t. 2. f. 4, 5 ; Sow. Gen. f. ;
Loven, I. M. 50, 343 ; Thompson , Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 159 ;
Sow. Man. Conch, f. 50, 51 ; Forbes 8$ Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 90.
1. 11. f. 3, 4.

Pholas xylophaga, Desh. Lam. H. ed. 2. vi. 47.

Xylophage dorsale, Chenu, Trait. Flem. 40. f. 122, 123.

a (group in situ, in wood). Dock gates, Ardrossan, Ayrshire,
Presented by W. Thompson, Esq.

54

BRITISH MQLLUSCA.

b (group in situ , in wood). Ayrshire,
c (ditto). Britain.
d — i (separate shells). Britain.

j, k (in wood). Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

I — n (in wood and separate). Britain.

0 (in wood). Cowes. Presented by Lady Fellowes.

6. Teredo.

Teredo, Leach, MSS. 1819; Gray, P. Z. S. 1848, 188.

Teredo, part., Sellius, Comm. Liter. Nor. 409, 1732; Hist. Nat .
Tered. 1733; Adanson, Seneg. 263, 1757 ; Linn. S. N. i. 1267,-
Brug. E. M. i. 12, 1789; Lamk. Syst. 129, 1801; Forbes 8f
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 58 ; Spengler, Skrivt. Nat. Selsk. ii. 99 ;
Pallas, Misc. Zool. 1766.

Solen part., Bumph. Amb. Bar. 123, 1705 (tube of shell).

Teredo a, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. 411. 267, 1828.

Xylophagus, Gronov. Zooph. 258,1781.

Teredarius, Dumeril, Zool. Anal. 343, 1806.

Uperotus part., Guett. Mem. ii. 128, 1774.

Hyperotus part., Herrmannsen, Ind. 671.

Dentalium, sp., Linn.

Siphonium, sp., Browne, Jam.

Malleolus, Gray, P. Z. S. 1848, 188.

* Tube semiconcamerated above.

1. Teredo Norvagicus.

Teredo Norvagicus, Spengler, Skrivt. af Naturh. Selsk. 1792, ii.
102. t. 2. f. 4, 5, 6, 13 ; Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 67. t. 1.
f. 1-5.

Teredo navalis, Montag. T. B. 527 ; Supp. 7 ; Turton, Conch.
Diet. 183; Bivalves, 14. t. 2. f. 13; Fleming, Brit.Anim. 454 ;
Gray, Phil. Mag. fy Ann. 1827, 410 ; Brown, III. C. 16.
Teredo Bruguieri, Chiaje, Mem. iv. 28, 32. t. 54. f. 9, 12; Phi-
lippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 2, ii. 3.

T. Norvegica, Thompson, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 157, 163;
Adanson, Acad. Sci. Par. t. 9. f. 1-8, cop. E. M. 1. 187. f. 1-3,
1. 167. f.4,5.

a — h. Portions of tubes. Plymouth Dock.

1 (in situ, in drift wood). Falmouth Harbour. Presented

by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

** Tube simple behind.

2. Teredo navalis.

Pfahl Wurms, Beschreib. Holland. 1733, t. 3. f. 19, 20.

Yers de Mer, Bousset, Observ. 1516,17. f. 1, 2, 3,4,10; Translate
1733, 13, 14. f. 1, 2, 3, 4, 10.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

55

Zee Wurm, Belkmeer, Natur. Verh. t. 2. f. 7, 8, 9.

Teredo, Sellius, Hist. ffat. t. 2. f. 2, 3, 6.

Teredo Navalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 1267 (not Montag.)-, Home,
Phil. Trans. 1806, t. 12. f. 7, 8, 9, 10; Chiaje,Mem. iv. 23, 32.
t. 54. f. 2-8 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 2, ii. 3 ; Forbes Sf Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 74. 1. 1. f. 7, 8, t. 18. f. 3, 4.

Teredo Batava, Spengler, Skrivt. Natur. Selsk. 1792. ii. 103.
t. 2. f. c.

a — cl (tube only). S. Devon.

3. Teredo nana.

Teredo nana, Turton, Biv. 26. t. 2. f. 6, 7, and Append. ; Flem .
Brit. Anim. 455 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 2,9 ; Brown, III.
Conch. G. B. 116. t. 50. f. 14, 15 ; Gray, Phil. Mag. 1827, 410 ;
Hanley, Bee . Shells, 4 ; Supp. 1. 11. f. 23, 24 {Turton).
Teredo navalis, M. Edwards in Cuvier, Beg. Anim. t. 114. f. 2.
Teredo megotara, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 77. t. 1. f. 6,
1. 18. f. 1, 2.

Inhab. Torbay, Turton. Herne Bay, Hanley, Sfc. Sfc.

4. Teredo malleolus.

Teredo malleolus, Turt . Biv. 255. t. 2. f. 19 ; Thomps. Ann. N.H.
xx. 163, 174; Gray, Phil. Mag. 1827, 410; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 84. t. 1. f. 12, 13, 14.

Inhab. Torbay. Nat. ? from timber.

In bottom of vessel from tropics, W. Thompson, Ann. N. H.
xx. 163.

7. Xylotrya.

Xylotrya, Leach, in Menke Syn. ed. 2. 121, 1830; Gray , Syn.

B. M. 1842, 76, 91.

Bankia, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840.

Xylophaga, part., Sow. Man. 115. ed. 2. 291.

Teredo a, Schum. N. Syst. 1817-
Teredo /3, Blainv. D. S. N. 411. 268, 1828.

Teredo (bipalmulata), part., Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. 1801.

1. Xylotrya palmulata.

Taret de Pondicherry, Adanson, Acad. Boy. Sci. 1759, 276. t. 9 .
f. 11, 12, cop. E. M. t.

Teredo palmulatus, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 38 ; Gray, Phil. Mag.

1827, 410; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 2. t. 1. f. 8, ii. 3?

Teredo palmulata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 86. t. 11.

f. 9, 10, 11.

T. bipalmulata, Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. 129; Chiaje, Mem. iv. 28.
t. 54. f. 18, 20, 23, 24; Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1847;

56

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Hanley , Rec. Shells , t. 11. f. 13, cop. from Blainv.; Griffith,

A. K. xii. t. 7. f. 5.

Taret bipalmule, Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 80*. f. 8, from Adanson.
a — -f. Ireland. Presented by W. Thompson, Esq.
g, mass of wood, perforated. Ditto. Ditto.

Earn. 2. Gastroch^enid^e.

Gastrochaenidae, Gray , Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 77; Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1848, 188; Agass. Nomencl.

Gastrochaenidae, part., Forbes £f Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 129.
Cladopoda, part., Gray , Med. Repos. 1821, 236.

Pbolades, part., Feruss. Prod. 45.

Teredaria, part., Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Les Pholadaires, part., Lamk. Four. 108, 1812.

Les Tubicolees, part., Lamk. Hist. v. 427, ed. 2. vi. 17; Feruss .
Prod. 45.

Tubicola, part., Menke, Syn. 122; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Pholadea, part., Menke, Syn. 121 ; Ferussac .

Enfermes, Cuvier, R. A.

Tubicoles, § 1, Rang, Man. Moll. 33 6.

Adesmaces, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1824.

Pholadae, part., Flem. B. A.; Agassiz, Nomencl.

Pholadiadae, part., Leach, 1818; Ann. $f Mag. N. H. xx. 27 2.
Clavagellidae, D’Orb. Pal. Frang. Cretac. iii. 1845.

1. Gastroch^rna.

Gastrochaena, Spengler, Nye Sami. K. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. ii. 174,
1783; Lamk. Hist. v. 446, 1818, ed. 2. vi. 48; Sow . Gen. f. ;
Man. ed. 2. 152 ; Blainv. Man. 57 4; Desh. Rev. Zool. 1846,
28 ; Leach, MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Forbes
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 130.

Gastrochoena, Brown, Conch . Text-Book, 1833.

Gastrochena, Swainson, Malac. 1840.

Choena /3, Retz. Diss. N. Hist. 18, 1788; Spengler, Naturh. Selsk.
Skrivt. iii. 16, 1793; Oken, Zool. 1815; Schum. Fssai, 94,
1817.

Eistularia, sp., Brug. Encyc. Meth. i. 12, 1789 (not Fabricius) ;

Lamk. Syst. 129, 1801; Hist. v. 432, 1818, ed. 2. vi. 25.
Eistularia, part., Desh. Encyc. Meth. iii. 165; Blainville, Man.
Uperotus, part., Guettard, Mem. iii. 128.

Hyperotus, part., Herrmann. Ind. 671.

Mya, sp.. Pennant, Brit. Zool.

Roxellaria, Fleur, de Bellev. Journ. Phys. 1802, liv.

Rupellaria, Agassiz, Nomencl. (not Fleur, de Bellev.).
Trapezium /3, Muhlfeldt, Etwurf. 68, 1811.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 57

Trapezium, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. x. t. , 1818 (not Humph.
nor Schiim.).

Pholas, sp., Chemnitz, Conch . Cab.

? Quoyie, Desh. Fncyc. Meth. ii. 247, 1830.

1. Gastrqch^ena dubia.

Mya dubia, Penn. 1st ed. iv. 82. t. 44. f. 19 ; 4th ed. iv. 69. t. 44 ;
Don. B . S. 1. 108; Wood, Conch, i. 102. t. 25. f. 2, 3; Linn.
Trans, viii. 33; Turton, Diet. 104; Brit. Faun. 146. no. 181.
Pholas faba, Pulteney, Cat. Dors. 27.

Chama parva, Da Costa, 234.

Mya Pholadia, Mont. T. B. 28; Supp. 20; Thorpe, M. C. 33;

Brown, IU. C. t. 9. f. 13, 14.

Mytilus ambiguus, Dillw. R. S. i. 304.

Gastrochsena faba, Leach, MSS. 1817.

Gastrochsena modiolina, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 49 ; Sow. Gen.
f. 1, 2; Man. Conch, f. 52 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 20. f. 1, 2 ;
Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 33 ; Forbes 4* Hanley, Brit. Moll. i.
132. t. 2. f. 5, 8, t. F. f. 5.

Gast. Pholadia, Turton, Dithyr. Brit. 18. t. 2. f. 8, 9 ; May. N.

Hist. xi. 404. f. 52; Brown, III. Conch. 116. t. 48. f. 13, 14.
Gast. hyans, Flem. B. A. 458.

Gast. fulva, Leach, MSS. 1818; Ann. 4* May. N. H. xx. 27 2.
Gast. dubia, Desh. Trait. Flem. Conch, t. 2. f. 4, 5.

Gast. Poliana, Philippi, Wieym. Arch. 1845, 186. t. 7- f- 1-
a — c. Devonshire.
d, e. Britain.

Fam. 3. Solenid^;.

Solenidae, Flem. Brit. AnimAXO, 1828; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840;
1842, 77, 91; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 189 ; Lea, Proc. Acad.
N. S. Philad. iii. 163, 1843 ; Ay ass. Nomencl. 1847 ; Forbes fy
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 239.

Soleniadae, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf May. N. PI. xx. 272.

Les Solenacees, Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809; Cour. 108 ; Hist.vA48,
ed. 2. vi. 50 ; Sow. Man. 99, ed. 2. 261.

Les Solens (Solenes), Feruss. Prod. 44.

Solenacea, Menke, Syn. 126 ; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Pyloridea, part., Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1824; Rany, Man. Moll.
322.

Solenides (Solenidse), Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825.

Soleninse, Swains. Malac. 1840.

Phyllopoda*, part., Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 237.

Pholadaria, part., Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1828.

Solenina, part., Macyilliv. Moll. Aberd. 216.

Solenides, Berth.', Thorpe, Brit. Mar , Conch. 34, 1844.

c 5

58

BRITISH MOLLUSC A.

Solenicurtidae, Forbes 8f Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 255; D’Orbigny,
Myadae, part., Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 176,

Myacidae, part., D’Orb. Pal. Frang. iii. 1845.

Glycimeridae, Desk. Elem. 124, 1839.

1. SOLEN.

Solen, Arist. Hist. Nat. iv. cap. 4 ; Plin. H. N. x. cap. 8, xi.
cap. 52, xxxii. cap. 53.

Solen, part., Linn. S. N. ed. 10. 672, ed. 12. 1113, 1767 ; Brag.

E. M. i. 14, 1789 ; Leach, MSS. 1818.

Solen (vagina), LamJc. Syst. A. s. V. 125, 1801 ; Plist. v. 449,
ed. 2. vi. 51; OJcen , Zool. 222, 1815 ; Desmoul. Mem. Linn.
Soc. Bord. 1832 ; Forbes Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 240.
Solenarius, F>wm . Zool. Anal. 168, 1811.

Vagina Megerle, Entw. 44, 1811 ; Desm. Act. Soc.

Linn. Bord. 1832; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xlix. 428.

Solena, part., Browne , Jam. 412, 1756.

Hypogsea and Hypogaeoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

1. Solen vagina.

Solen vagina, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 70. t. 46. f. 21, ed. 1812. iv.
171. t. 49. f. 1 (not Linn. ?); Mont. T. B. 48-56; Suppl. 25 ;
Brown, III. Conch, t. 13. f. 2, ed. 2. 112. t. 47. f. 2; Loven,
I. M. 49. 337; Turton , Diet. 159; Bivalves, 79. t. 6. f . 4 ;
Brit. Faun. 148. no. 191; Flem. B. A. 458; Thorpe, Mar.
Conch. 34; Wood, Gen. Conch. 119. t. 27- f. 1; Cat. t. 3. f. 3;
Dillw. R. S. i. 57 ; LamJc. Hist. vi. 53 ; Desh. Elem. t. 6. f. 4, 6 ;
Exped. Alger. 179. 1. 10 ; Philippi, Sicil. i. 4, ii. 4 ; Neu Conch.
Solen, t. 1. f. 4; Chenu , III. Conch, t. 1. f. 1.

Solen marginata, Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Solen marginatus, Pulten. Dors. 28 ; Don. B S. iv. 1. 1 10 ; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll . i. 242. t. 14. f. 1, 1. 1. f. 3.

Hypogaea tentaculata and Hypogaeoderma vagina, Poli, i. t. 10,

f. 5, 6, ii. 251, 257.

a — d. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
e — g. Britain.
h, i. New Romney.

j — m. Britain. From Coll. Col. Montagu.
n — q. Ditto.
r — i , jun. Ditto.

2. Ensis.

Ensis (Ensis), Schum. N. Syst. 143, 1817; Gray, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1848, 189.

Ensatella (Ensis), Swainson, Malac. 3 65, 1840.

Solen, part., Linn,; LamJc . Hist.; Leach, MSS. 1818.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

59

1. Ensis falcata.

Lister , Conch, t. 409. f. 253.

Solen Ensis, Linn. S. N. i. 1113; Chemn. C. Cab. vi. t. 47. f. 29,
30; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 71. t. 45. f. 22, ed. 1812. iv. 172.
t. 48. f. 2 ; Don. B. S. t. 50; Mont. T. B. 48 ; Brown, III. C.
t. 13. f. 10, ed. 2. 113. t. 47. f. 10; Loven, I. M. 49. 336;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 407- 5 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 122. t. 28.
f. 1, 2 ; Cat. t. 3. f. 6 ; Lamk. Hist. vi. 55 ; Encyc. Meth. t. 223.
f. 2 ; Desk. Exp. Alger. 184. t. 11. f. 1, 4 ; Philippi, Sicil. i. 4,
ii. 5 ; Sow. Man. f. 60; Chenu, Elem. 41. f. 126. t. 1. £. 1 ;
Leach , Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Da Costa, B. Conch.
237 ; Linn. Travis, viii. 44 ; Turton, Diet. 160. f. 61 ; Bivalves,
82; Brit. Faun. 148. no. 190; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 282;
Fleming, B. A. 459 ; Thorpe , Mar. Conch. 35 ; Dillw. R. S. i.
59 ; Burrows, Elem. t. 4. f. 3, 4 ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll.
i. 250. t. 14. f. 2.

Hypogaea falcata and Hypogaeoderma ensis, Poli, ii. 251, 25?.
i.t. 10. f. 7, 11.

a — c, var. magna. Scotland.
d, e. Liverpool.

/ — l. British Isles.

2. Ensis siliqua.

Lister, Conch, t. 409. f. 255.

Solen siliqua, Linn. S. N. i. 1113 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 70. t. 45.
f. 20, ed. 1812. iv. 171 . t. 48. f. 1; Don. B. S. t. 46; Chemn.
Conch, f. 29 ; Mont. T. B. 46 ; Brown, III. C. t. 13. f. 33, ed. 2.
1 12. t. 47. f. 33 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 407.4; Wood, Gen. Conch.
118. t. 26. f. 1, 2; Cat. t. 3. f. 1; Dillw. R. S. i. 59; Lamk.
Hist. vi. 55 ; Desh . Elem. t. 6. f. 1, 2, 3; Exped. Sci. Alger.
'181; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 4, ii. 5; Da Costa , B. Conch ,
236. t. 17- f. 5; Linn. Trans, viii. 43; Turton, Diet. 158;
Bivalves, 80. t. 6. f. 5 ; Brit. Faun. 147. no. 188 ; Flem. B. A.
459 ; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 282 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 35 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 246. 1. 14. f. 3 ; animal, 1. 1. f. 1 .
Solen ligula, Turt. Biv. 81. t. 6. f. 6; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 112.
t. 47. f.2*.

Hvpogaea crinita and Hypogaeoderma siliqua, Poli, ii. 251, 257.

tf 10. f.7, 11, 1. 11. f. 12, 13.

Teeth destroyed.

Solen Novacula, Mont. T. B. 47 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 44; Turt.
Diet. 159; Bivalves, 80; Flem. B.A. 439; Penn.B.Z. ed. 1812.
iv. 172; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 35; Wood, Conch. 119; Dillw.
R. S.i. 58.

Solen siliqua ft Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
a. Ayrshire.

5 $ gcarborough. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

GO

BRITISH MOLLUSCA,

3. Ensis pellucidus.

Soien pellucidus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 71. t. 46. f. 23, ed. 1812.
iv. 173. t. 49. f. 2 (not Spengler) ; Mont. T. B. 49, 565 ; Thorpe ,
M. C. 35. f. 106; Brown , III. Conch. 113. t. 47. f.4; Down,
I. ill 49, 339 ; Hood, Conch. 123. t. 28. f. 3 ; Cat. t. 3, Soien,
f. 7 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 60 ; Leach , Ann. ^ Mo*?. JV. II. xx. 272 ;
Do%. B. S. ii. 1. 153 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 44 ; Turton , Diet. 160 ;
Bivalves , 83; DrP. Faun. 148. no. 192; Fleming , J3. d 459 ;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 283 ; Forbes 8f Hanley , Brit. Moll, i,
252. t. 13. f. 3 ; animal, t. I. f. 2.

Sol. pygmeus, Lamk. H. ed. 2. vi. 56.

? Sol. tenuis, Philippi , SicP. i. 6. t. 1. f. 2.

Inhab. Dorsetshire and Devonshire coasts, &c., &c.

3. Pharus.

Phams (legumen), Leach , illSS. 1818 ; Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx.
J 847? 272 ; Gray , Mo#. iV. H. 1848 ; Gray , Si/w. D. ill

1840; 1842, 77, 91; P. Z. S. 1848, 189 (not R. Brown).
Ceratisolen (legumen), Forbes , Brit. Moll. i. 255, 1848.
Cyrtosolen (legumen, part.), Herrmannsen , Ind. 468.

Solecurtus, § C. (legumen), Blainv. Malac.

Solecurtoides (legumen), Desmoul. Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. 1832.
Soien, part., Linn.; Lamk. Hist. A. s. V.

Psammobia, part., Turton , Bivalves.

Ilypogsea, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

1. Pharbs legumen.

Lister , Conch, t. 420. f. 264.

Soien legumen, Linn. S. N.i. 1114 ; Chemn. vi. 49. t. 3. f. 32, 33,
34 ; Born , Mus. Cces. t. 2. f. 1, 2 ; Lamk , H. vi. 57 ; Ency. Meth .
t. 226. f. 3; Pe?m. _B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 71* t. 46. f. 24 ; Don. B. S.
ii. t. 53; Mont. T. B. 50; Linn. Trans, viii. 45; Philippi ,
/Sici/. i. 4, ii. 5 ; Brown, III. Conch. 1. 13. f. 8, 9 ; Elem.
t. 6. f. 8-10 ; Chenu , Illust. t. 2. f. 1; Elem. 42. f. 132; Da
Costa , B. Conch. 238 ; Turton , Did 162 ; J3ri£. Faun. 148.
no. 193; Flem. B. A. 459; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 36; Wood,
Conch. 124. t. 23. f. 4 ; Cd t. 3. f. 6 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 60.
Psammobia legumen, Turt. Biv. 90.

Solenocurtus legumen, Blainv.; Brown , IP. C. ed. 2. 113. t. 47,
f. 8, 9, 9*.

Phams legumen, “ Leach MSS.,3’ Brown; Leach , MSS. 1818,
Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

Hypogsea hirundo— Hypogaeoderma legumen, Poli, ii. 251-257.

i. t.ll.f. 15.

Ceratisolen legumen, Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 256. t. 13.
f. 2 ; animal, 1. 1. f. 4.
a — i. Tenby.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

61

j — o. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
p , q. Liverpool.

4. Mach a.

8

Macha (strigilatus), Oken, Lemh. Naturg. iii. 18i5 ; Gray , P.

Z. S. 1848, 189. A _ A

&liqimrb^'part:7^u/mm - Es^,A2JffT8VJ .

Solecurtus (strigilatus, part.), Desk, in Lamk. Hist. vi. 61, 1835 ;
Trait. Elem. 113.

Solecurtus (strigilatus, part.), Blainv. Mai. 568.

Cyrtosolen (strigilatus, part.), Herrmann. Ind. 468.

Psammosolen (strigilatus), Rib so, Bur. 3Iertd?'"iv: 37*5" (mi: ^

Psammobia ?), Broun, Ital. Tert. 87, 1831. CMrr< bw
Solenocurtus, part.. Sow. Man. 99, ed. 2. 262. /(

Solenocurtis, part., Swainson, Malac. 366, 1840 (misprint).
Hypogeca, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Sele»r^-A. {-Oultellus), Blamv . Man-.

Psammobia, part, (scopulosa), Turton, Bivalves, 182.

1. Macha strigxlata.

Solen strigilatus, Linn. S. N. 1115 ; Turton, Conch. Diet. f. 53
only (not description); Chemn.Conch. vi. t. 6. f. 41, 42 ; Wood,
Conch. 12 7- t. 30. f. 1 ; Cat. t. 3. f. 12 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.
vi. 60 ; Ency. Meth. t. 224. f. 3 ; Philippi, Sicil. i. 5 ; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. i. t. 26. f. 3, 4 ; Chenu, III. Conch, t. 4. f. 1, t. 6.
f. 1 ; Poli, Test. Sicil. 1. 12 ; Cuvier, R. A. ed. Croch . t. Ill . f. 2.

Solecurte rose, Chenu, Elem. 42. f. 135. 1. 1. f. 8.

Solecurtus strigilatus, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 5 ; Desh. Exp.
Alger. 207.

? Psammobia strigilata, Jeffreys, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xix. 1847, 314.

Hypogsea variegata=Hypog8eoderma strigilata, Poli, Test. Sicil.
ii. 251, 257 ; 1. 12, animal.

Inhab. Guernsey ; abundant in sand on coast. W. Poole Mauger,
Esq.

2, Macha Candida.

Soleni strigilati varietas, Chemn. Conch, vi. 60. t. 6. f. 43.

Solen candidus, Renieri, Tavola Alph. Adriat .; Thorpe, M. C.
38 ; Hanley, R. Shell. 14 ; Supp. 1. 11. f. 31.

Solen strigilatus, Turton, Conch. Dict.161 (description, not figure)
(not Linn.).

S. strigilatus /3, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 5.

Solecurtus candidus, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 5 ; Desh. Elem. 122.
t. 6. f. 11, 12 (var. ?); Exped. Alger. 208. t. 10. f. 1-5, shell
and animal; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 263. t. 15. f. 1, 2.

Psammobia strigilata, Turton, Biv. 97. t. 6. f. 13 ; Elem. B.A.4 39.

62

BRITISH MQLLUSCA.

Junior. Psammobia seopula, Turton, Biv. 98. 259. t. 6. f. II, 12;

Flew,. B. A. 439 ; Thorpe , Mar. Conch. 38.

Solen seopula, Chenu, III. Conch, t. 6.1.7 .
a — c. Bantry Bay.

5. Azor.

Azor (antiquatus), Leach , MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx,
1847, 272 ; Brown , III. Conch, ed. 2. 11$; Gray , vBm. §• Mag.
AT. if. 1848 ; Proe. ZooZ. £oc. 1848, 189.

Solecnrtus, part, (antiquatus), Desh. Elem. Conch. ; Forbes Sf
Hanley , BriZ. ilfoZZ. i. 259.

Psammobia, part, (antiquatus), Turton , Bivalves , 91.

Solen, part., Linn., Sfc.

1. Azor coarctatus.

Lister , Conch, t. 421. f. 265.

Solen angustior constrictus, &c., Chemn. Conch, vi. 62. t. 6. f. 45.
Solen coarctatus, Gmel. S. N. 3224 (1788); Lamk. A.s.V. 2nded.
vi. 59. no. 17 ; Loven , I. M. 49. 338 ; Schroter , Fluss. Conch.
t. 9. f. 17 ; Brocchi, Conch, ii. 497.no. 3 (fossil); Dillw. R. S.
i. 64 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 36 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 6, ii. 5 ;
Hanley, R. S. 14.

Solen antiquatus, Pult. Dors. 28, 1799; Don. B. S. iv. t. 114;
Mont. T. B. 52. 565 ; Brown, III. Conch. 1. 13. f. 6, 7 ; Lamk.
Hist. vi. 59. n. 15 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 46 ; Dorset Cat. 29 ;
Turton, Diet. 162 ; Brit. Faun. 148. no. 194 ; Flem. B. A. 460 ;
Wood, Conch, i. 125. t. 29. f. 3 ; Cat. t. 3. f. 10; Chenu, Illust.
t. 6. f. 8.

Sol. Cultellus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 72. t. 46. f. 25 (not Linn.).
Sol. centralis. Say (fide Jay).

Psammobia antiquata, Turt. Biv. 91.

Chama solen, Da Costa , Brit. Conch. 238.

Solecnrtus antiquatus, Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 5. f. 8; Exp. Sci .
Alger. 210.

Solecnrtus coarctatus, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 259. 1. 15.
f. 3 ; animal, t. I. f. 5.

Solen emarginatns, Spengler, Skriv. Nat. Sels. iii. 105.

Azor antiquatus, Leach, MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Mag. N. H. xx.

1847, 272 ; Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 11$. t. 47. f. 6, 7.

Inhab. Ireland.

6. Glycxmeris.

Glycimeris, Klein, Ostrac. 170, 1753; Humph. Mus. Calonne.
Glycymeris (Glycimeris), Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. 126, 1800 (not
Hist.); Roissy, Moll. vi. 422.

Panopsea, Menard de la Groye, Ann. du Mus. ix. 1807 (Myadse,
part.), Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 173.

BRITISH MQLLUSCA.

63

1. Glycimeris Norvegica.

My a Norvegica. Spengler , Skrivt. Naturh. Selskab. iii. 46. t. 2.
f. 18 (not Chemn. nor Gmelin).

Panopsea Norvegica, Loven , I. M. 49. 335 ; Sow . Min. Conch.

t. ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. i. 174. t. 11.

Panopsea arctica, Desk. ; Gould, Invert. Mass. 37. f. 27 ; Forbes ,
M. G. S. i. 407. 6; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 18 ; Supp . 10. f. 43 ;
Dekay, N. York Moll. 246; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 38.
Glycimeris arctica, Lamk. H. ed. 2. vi. 70 ; King, Ann. N. H.
xviii. 243.

Panopsea glycimeris. Bean, Mag. N. Hist. viii. 263. f. 50, 51.

P. Bivonse, Philippi, Sicil. 8. t. 2. f. 1 ; Smith, Wern. Mem . viii.
107. t. 2. f. 4.

Panopsea Spengleri, Valenc. Arch, de Mus . i. 15. t. 5. f. 3 (not
exact) ; Chenu, III. Conch, t. 4. f. 4.

P. Aldrovandi, Bean ? (not Lamk.)
a. Coast of Northumberland.

Fam. 4. Nuculid^e.

Nuculidse, D’Orb. Pal. Frang. Ter. Cret , iii. 1844; Geinitz, Grund.

der Verst. 444, 1846; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 190.

Les Arcacees, part., Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812 ; Hist. vi. 57, ed. 2,
v. 502.

Arcaces, Feruss. Prod. 42 ; Rang, Man. M. 288.

Nucuiina, Agassiz, Nomenclat. 1847.

Leptopoda, part.. Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 237-
Arcadse, part.. Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 81, 91.

Arcacea, part., Lamk. Phil. Zool. 318, 1809; Alton, Verz. Conch.
12.

Arcina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 207.

Polydonta, part., Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 320, 1824; Ma-
ine. 534.

Arcadse, part., Fleming, Brit. Anim. 382, 1828 ; Swainson, Malac .

382, 1840; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 214.

Arcaria, part., Gravenhorst, Thier. 33, 1845.

Arcacese, part., Menke, Syn. 60, 1828.

Poly bran chiata, part., Sow. Man. ed. 2. 233, misprint?
Mactraadse, part., Leach, ISIS; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.
Mactridse, part.. Gray, in Sow. Gen. xvii. tab.

1. Nucula.

Nucula (nucleus), Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. A. s. V. 115, 1801 ;
Hist. vi. 57, ed. 2. vi. 502 ; Leach, MSS., Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.
xx. 272 ; Sow. Gen. ; Man. ed. 2. 204 ; Conch. Illust.
xiv.-xvi.; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 214; Mbller, Kroyer,
Tidsskr. iv. 90, 91; Ind. Moll. Green. 16, 1842.

64

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Lembulus (margaritacea),Sow. Conch. Man. ed.2. 1 7 0 (not Leach).
Glycimeris, pan.. Da Costa, Brit. Shells.

Polydonta (nucleus), Muhlf. Entw. 48, 1811 (not Renieri nor
Fischer nor Blainv.).

Pectunculus, part., Schum. Nouv. Ess.

Area, sp., Linn.

Tellina, sp., and Donax, sp., Gmelin.

1. Nucula nucleus.

Area nucleus, Linn. S. N. i. 1143 (part.); Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv.
84. n. 59 (not tig.) ; Don. B. S. ii. t. 63, side tigs. ; Mat. Sf
Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 95; Mont. T. B. 141; Wood, Linn.
Trans, vi. 1. 18. f. 3, 6; Turton , Brit. Faun. 161. no. 287.
Nucula nucleus, Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 215. t. 47. f. 7, 8;
t. P. f. 4, animal.

Nucula nucleus, var. ft, Loven, I. M. 34. 256 ; Forbes, M. G. S.
i. 416. 65.

Glycimeris argentea, Da Costa, 170. 1. 15. f. 6, right.

? Nucula argentea, Broivn, III. C. G. B. t. 25. f. 14, 15.

Nucula margaritacea, Lamk. H. vi. 6, 2nd ed. vi. 506 ; Leach ,
MSS. Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272; Brown, III. C. G. B. 85.
t. 33. f. 12 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 64, ii. 45.

? N. erosa, Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. (not described).
a — d. Scarborough.

e — i. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

2. Nucula tenuis.

Nucula tenuis, Turt. Biv . 177 ; Flem. B. An. 402 (not Philippi) ;
Loven, I. M. 34. 259 ; Forbes , M. G. S. i. 417, 671, 418. f. 3 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 223. t. 47. f. 6 ; t. P. f. 5 (ani-
mal); Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 244 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
105; “ MollerV’ Loven; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 171. t. 10,
Area, f. 45 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 85. t. 33. f. 13 ; Gould,
Invert. Mass. 105.

Area tenuis, Mont. T. B. Supp. 56. t. 29. f. 1 ; Turt. Conch. Diet .

11; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 246 ; Ind. Test. 1. 10, Area, f. 45.
Nucula tenera (foss.), S. Wood, Mag. N. Hist. 1840, t. 14. f. 2.
a — -f. Inverary.

g~ i. Britain. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.
j — l. Britain.

3. Nucula nitida.

Nucula nitida, Sow. Conch. III. Nucula, f. 29. f. 31; Thorpe, M.
Conch . 248. f. 31 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 171. t. 19. f. 44;
Loven, I. M. 34. 258 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 218.
t. 47. f. 9.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

65

Area nucleus, Mont. T.B. 14 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells , i. 244 (part.).
a — g. Britain.

h — o. Near Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville.

4. Nucula radiata.

Area nucleus, Pulteney, Hutch. Dors. 35 ; Mat. Sf Rack. Dors .

Cat. 3 7 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. t. 8. f. 1, 2.

Nucula nucleus, Turton, Bivalves , 176. t. 13. f. 4; Thorpe , Brit.

Mar. Conch. 105. f. 74 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 243.

Nucula nuclea, Flem. B. An. 401.

N. margaritacea, Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 65. f. 5 ; Sow . Conch.
Man. f. 137.

Nucula radiata, Hanley ; Forbes Sr Hanley, Brit . Moll. ii. 220.
t. 47. f. 4, 5 ; t. 48. f. 7.

a — d. Britain. Presented by R. M ‘Andrew, Esq.
e — j. Teignxnouth. Presented by J. B. Harvey, Esq.
k — x. Britain.

y — i i, old and young. Britain.

5. Nucula decussata.

Nucula decussata, Sow. Conch. III. Nucula, n. 27. f. 18 ; Thomp-
son, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 174; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i.
Supp. t. 20. f. 8 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 221. t. 47.
f. 1-3.

Nucula sulcata, Broun, Ital. Teri. geb. 109; Philippi, Moll. Sic.

ii. 45 ; Wiegmann’s Archiv. Nat. 1845, 192. t. 7- f. 24, 25.
Nucula Polii, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 63. t. 5. f. 10 ; Jeffreys, Ann.
Nat. Hist. xix. 313.
a—f. Scotland.

g ?. Dublin Bay. Presented by J. G. Jeffreys, Esq.

2. Leda.

Leda (rostrata), Schumacher, N. Essai, 172. t. 19. f. 4, 1817 ;
Moller, in Kroger’ s Naturh. Tidsskr. iv. 91 ; Ind. Moll. Green.
17, 1842; Loven, Ind. Moll.

Lembulus (minutus), Leach, MSS. 1818 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.
1847, 272.

Lembulus (rostrata), Leach, MSS. 1819, in Ann. Sf Mag. N. H .

1848; in Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 319, 1826.

Nuculana (rostrata), Licht. Mus. Berl. 1818.

Dacryomya (lacryma), Agassiz , Mem. monies Moll. i. 34; in Sow.

Min. Conch, ed. Germ. 500, 578, 1839.

Nucula, sp., Lamk. Hist.

1. Leda Montagui.

Nucula Montagui, Gray, Ann. Phil, 1825, 138.

66

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Leda Montagui, Gray ; Forbes 8f Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 232.
Nucula ro strata, Turt. B. 178 (not Lamk.); Flem . jB. An. 402 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 106; Brown, III. C. G. B. 84. t. 33.
f. 16; Hanley, Rec. Shells , i. 168; Supp. t. 20. f. 1.

Area rostrata, Mont. T.B. Supp. 55. t, 27. f. 7 (not Chemn., Dillw.,
nor Bruy.) ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 11.

Nue. curvirostra, Sow. Conch. III. Nucula, f. 5 ; Reeve, Conch.
Syst. t. 85. f. 5.

Nue. recurva, Conrad, Journ . Acad. N. S. Philad. vi. pt. ii. 262.

t. 11. f. 21 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 170.

Hab. Off St. Abb’s Head ?

2. Leda caudata.

Area caudata, Donov. B. S. iii. t. 78.

Leda caudata, Loven, I. M. 34.261; Forbes $f Hanley, Brit. Moll.

ii. 226. t. 47. f. 11—13 ; t. P. f. 2, animal.

Nucula nrinuta, Turt. Biv. 178; Flem. B. An. 402; Macgilliv.
Moll. Aberd. 245; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 106; Brown, III.
C. G. B. 84. t. 33. f. 18 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 168. t. 10,
Area, f. 44 (not Philippi , Moll. Sic. ; scarcely Gould, Inv.
Mass.).

? Leda minuta. Kina, Ann. N. H. xviii. 240 ; Forbes, M. G. S.
418. 69. f. 11.

Leda minuta and complanata, Moller, Ind. Moll. Green. 17 ?
Area minuta, O. Fabr. F. Green. 414?; Dorset Cat. 36. 1. 1. f. 16 ;
Mont. T. B. 140; Mat. 8f Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 92; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 11. f. 98; Brit. Faun , 161. no. 286; Dillw. Rec.
Shells, i. 245 ; Ind. Test. 1. 10, Area, f. 44.

Area modiolus, Walker, Min. Shells, f. 81, not Linn.

Lembulus minutus, Leach, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

N. rostrata. Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 25. f. 16; Macgilliv. Moll.

Aberd. 245 (not Mont.).

N. tenuisulcata, Couthouy , fide Gould.

Var. a. Yentricose, short.

N. minuta, 0. Fab.

Var. /3, compressa.

Leda intermedia, Orst.

L. complanata, Moller, fide Loven, 34.
a — ;/. Firth of Forth.
g — k. Inver ary.

I — q. Britain. Presented by R. M‘ An drew. Esq.
r — iv. Scotland.

x, var.? Northumberland. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.
y — g g. British. Presented by R. M* Andrew, Esq.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

67

3. Leda pernula.

Leda pernula, Loven , I. M. 34.

Area pernula, Muller , Berl. Naturf. iv. (1 779), 57.

A. rostrata, Gmelin , S. N. (fide Loven); Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd .
Nucula fluviatilis, Sow.

Var. 2. Leda pernula (3, Loven , J. M. 34.

N. oblonga. Brown , I//. C. G. B. t. 25. f. 17-
Leda rostrata, Forbes , Af. G. S', i. 419. 70.

Inhah. North Sea.

3. Yoldia.

Yoldia (limatula), Moller , in Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr . iv. 91,
1832; Ind. Moll. Gran. 18 ; Loven , Ind. Moll. Skand. 34,1846.
Nucula, part, (limatula), Say ; Philippi.

Leda, sp., Forbes; Jeffreys.

Moldia, Gray , in Stokes , Foy. Austral, (misprint).

1. Yoldia pygmjia.

Yoldia pygmea, Loven , I. M. 35. 263.

Nucula pygmea, Miinst. Gold/. Pet. Germ. t. 125. f. 17 (fossil) ;
Philippi , AfoZZ. Sic. ii. 46 (fossil) ; S. Wood, Mag. N. Hist. New
Ser. iv. 298. 1. 14. f. 7 (fossil).

Leda pygmsea, Forbes, M. G. S. i. 419. fig. 2. 411. 71; Forbes 8f
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 230. t. 47- f. 10 ; t. F. f. 3, animal.
Nucula lenticula, Moller, Moll. Gran. 17-
Leda tenuis, Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xix. 313.

Nucula tenuis, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 65. t. 5. f. 9 (fossil).

N. gibbosa. Smith, Wern. Mem. viii. t.2. f. 10 (fossil).
a — c. Hebrides. Presented by R. M* Andrew, Esq.
d — i. Isle of Skye. Ditto.
j — n. Isle of Skye.

Fam. 5. Myadje.

Mvadee, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 78, 91; Proc. Zool. Soc .
1848, 190.

Myadse, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fyMag. N. H. xx. 1847,
272 ; Fleming, B. A. 410,1 828 ; Swains. Malac. 256, 365, 1840 ;
Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 160, 1848.

Les Myaires (Myaria), Lamk. Four. 107, 1812 ; Hist. v. 459,
ed. 2. vi. 70; Feruss. Prod. 44 ; Latr. Fam. Nat.; Desh. E. M.
iii. 589.

MyacEea, Menke, Syn. 72.

Myacea, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 119 ; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Myarise, Berthold.

Pylorides, part., Blainv. Man. ; Rang, Man. Moll. 322.

Myina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 219.

68

BRITISH MQLLUSCA.

Myacidae, part., D’Orb. Pal. Frang. iii. 1845.

Myidae, Recluz , Rev. Zool. 1849, 396.

Myarina, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

1. Mya.

Mya (truncata), Retz , N. Gen. 1/88; Spengler , Skrivt. Naturk.
Selsk. iii. 27, 53; Lamk. Syst. 1801; Hist. v. 459. ed. 2. vi. 71;
Schum. N. Essai , 116, 1817; Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag.
N. H. xx. 1847, 272; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 78?;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 162.

Mya, part., Linn. Westg. Res. 187, 1747 ; Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 670,
ed. 12. 1112 (not Humph.)-, Gmelin, S.N. i. 3217-
Mya (arenaria), Megerle, Entw. 1811.

Mya /3. (arenaria), Blainv. Man.

Sphaenia (arenaria), part., Turton, Bivalves.

Chama glycymeris. Rondel.

Peloris, part., Poli.

Chama, part.. Lister.

Chamepholas, Lister.

Glycimeris, part., Klein.

1. Mya truncata.

Lister, Ang. t. 5. f. 36; Conch, t. 428. f. 269 ; Enc. Meth. Vers ,
t. 229. f. 2.

Mya truncata, Linn. S. 2V. i. 1112; Chemn. C. C. vi. 8. t. 1. f. 1, 2;
Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 66. t. 41. f. 14; Bonov. B. S. iii. t. 92 ;
Dorset Cat. 27. t. 3. f. 1 ; Dekay, New York Moll. 240. t. 29.
f. 289 ; Mont. T. B. 32 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 35 ; Dillw. R. S.
42 ; Pulteney, Hist, of Dorset, 27 ; Brown, III. C. t. 10. f. 2,
2nd ed. 111. t. 45. f. 2; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 19. t. 2, Mya,
f. 2; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 407. 7 ; Spengler, S. Nat. Selsk. iii.
28; 0. Fab. Faun. Groin. 404; Gould, Invert. Mass .42 ; Wood,
Gen. Conch. 90. t. 17. f. 1,2; Cat. t. 2. f. 2 ; Turton, Diet. 97 ;
Bivalves, 31; Brit. Faun. 146. no. 176; Flem. B. A. 462;
Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 40; Burrows, Elem. t. 4. f. 1, 2;
Crouch , Introd. Conch . t. 3. f. 6, 7 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.
298 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 73 ; Sow. Gen. f. ; Conch. Man.
f. 71; Chenu, Elem. 48. f. 152; Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 8. f. 2.
Chama truncata. Da Costa, 233. t. 16. f. 1.

Var. (deep water) Mya pelagica, King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 242.

Young. Mya ovalis, Turton, Brit. Faun. 146. no. 180 ; Biv. 33.
t. 3. f. 1,2, from Turt. spec, fide Forbes Sf Hanley, 166.

Fry. Sphaenia Swainsonii, Turton, Biv. 37. t. 19. f. 2 ; Fleming ,
B. A. 466 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 57, from Turton’s specimens
fide Forbes Sf Hanley, 166.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

69

Animal. Easier. Opusc. Subsec. iii. 69, 1765 ; Recluz , Rev. ZooL
1849, 397.
a — h. Britain.

i . Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Bobinson.
j — Jc (Mya ovalis). Scarborough.

2. Mya arenaria.

Mya arenaria, Linn. S. N. 1112; Spengler ( Old Maids), Skrivt.
Nat. Selsk. iii. 30; Chemn. Conch, vi. 10. t. 1. f. 3, 4 ; Linn.
Trans. \ iii. 35; Flem. B. Anim. 463; Turton, Did. 98 ; Bivalves,
32; Brit. Faun. 146. no. 177; Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 298;
Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 40; O. Fab. Fauna Green. 405; Wood,
G. Conch. 91. t. 17- f. 3 ; Cat. t. 2. f. 2; Dillw. R. S. i. 42;
Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 77- f . 1 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 67* t. 42.
f. 16; Don. B. S. iii. t. 85; Mont. T. B. 30; Dorset Cat. 28.
t. 4. f. 2; Delay, New York Moll. 240. t. 30. f. 290 ; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. t. 33 ; Brown, III. C. 1. 10. f. 1, 2nd ed. t. 45. f. 1 ;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 408. 8; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 19; Lamk.
Hist. ed. 2. vi. 74 ; Mawe, Conch, t. 4. f. 1 ; Sow. Gen. f. ;
Conrad, Amer. Mar. Conch. 42. t. 9. f. 1; Gould, Invert. Mass.
40; Chemn. Traite element. 48. f. 148, 150 (hinge); Forbes
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 168. t. 10. f. 4, 5, 6.

Chama arenaria. Da Costa , B. C. 232.

Mya acuta. Say, Journ. Acad . N. S. Phil. ii. 313.

M. mercenaria. Say, Journ. Acad. N. S. Phil. ii. 313.
a — k. Britain.

1. Aberdour, Fifeshire. Presented by Dr. Baird.
m — p. Scarborough.

Fam. 6. Anatinid^:.

Anatinidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 77, 91 ; Proc. ZooL
Soc. 1848, 190; D’Orb. Pal. Frang. 1845; Geinitz, Grund.
409, 1846 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 219 ; Recluz, Rev .
Zool. 407, 1845, very incorrect.

Anatenidae, Conrad, Journ. Acad. N. S. Philad. 1849, 155.

Les Myaires, part., Lamk. Cour. 107, 1812; Hist. v. 459, ed. 2.

vi. 70 ; Feruss. Prod. 44.

Myacaea, part., Menke, Syn. 72, 1828.

Myacea, part., Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 119 ; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Pylorides, part., Blainv. Man. ; Rang, Man. Moll. 322.

Myina and Mactrina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 21 7, 219.
Myadae, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. SfMag. N. H. xx. 1847,
272; Flem. B. Anim. 410, 1828.

Pandoridae, part., Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 213.

Anatina, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

70

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Osteodesma, Desk, in Larak . Hist. ed. 2. vi.

Corbulacea, part., Philippi , Moll. Sicil. i. 16, ii. 12.
Amphidesmitae, part., Latr. Fam. Nat. 221, 1825.
Lithophagidae, part., Broderip, Penny Mag. ; Sow . Man. 20 6,
1839.

Saxicavidae, part., Swainson, Elem. Conch . 1835; Malac. 375,
1840 (not Gray).

Saxicavina, part., Agassiz , Nomencl.

Myina, part . , Milne- Edw . Elem. Zool. 1843; Macgillivray, MolL
Aberd.

1. Bontjea.

Cochlodesma (Leana), Couthouy , Boston Journ. N. H. ii. 170,
1839 ; Gra^, Nat. Hist. ii. 25, 1840 ; Wiegm. Arch. 1840,
216; Gould , Rep. Inv. Mass. 48; Forbes Sf Planley, Brit.
Moll. i. 235.

Bontaea, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819, Brown, Illust. Conch.
G. B. 1844.

Thracia, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847,
272; Gray, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1848 ; Loven, Ind. Skand.
Ligula, sp., Montagu, Test. Brit. Supp. 1808, not Humph. 1797.
Anatina, sp., Turton, Bivalves ; Conrad, Journ. Acad. Philad.
My a, sp., Montagu, T. Brit.

Amphidesma, sp., Fleming, B. A.

Spoonhinge or Cham a, sp., Petiver. Gazoph.

1. BoNTJEA PRiETENUIS.

Mya praetenuis, Pulteney, Dorset, 28 ; Dorset Cat . t. 4. f . 7 ;
Mont. T. BAl. 1. 1. f. 2 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 37 ; Donov. B. S. v.
1. 176 ; Wood, G. Conch. 94. t. 24. f. 7, 8, 9 ; Cat. t. 2. f. 5 ;
Turton, Diet. 101; Brit. Faun. 147. no. 185 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 43.
Amphidesma praetenue, Flem. B. A. 432; Thompson, Rep. Brit.
Assoc. 1843, 263.

Anatina praetenuis, Ferussac , Diet . Class. H. N. ; Gray, Ann.
Phil. 1825 ; Turt. Biv. 48. t. 4. f, 4 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.
294 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 43 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 23.
Ligula praetenuis, Mont. Test. Brit. Supp. ; Brown, III. Conch.

106. t. 42. f. 1; Recluz , Zool. Soc. Cuvier. 1845, 416.
Cochlodesma praetenue, Couthouy, Boston Journ. N. II. 1839, ii.

171 ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 235. t. 15. f. 4.

Thracia pretenuis, Leach , MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx.

272; Loven, I.M. 46. 323.

Bontaea pretenuis, Leach, MSS. “Brown.”

Anatina Leana, Conrad, Journ. Acad. N. S. Philad. vi. 263.
Cochlodesma Leana, Couthouy, Boston Journ. N. H. ii. 170.
a. Scarborough.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA,

71

2. Thracia.

Thracia (pubescens), Leach , MSS . jB. M. 1819 (not Westwood ),
tw Blainv. D. S. N. xxxii. 347, 1824 ; Malac. 564, 1825 ; Rang,
Man. 324, 1038, 1829 ; Desk. E. M. iii. 1830, in Lamk. Hist.
ed. 2. vi. 82, 1835; Philippi, Moll. Sic. 18. 1836, ii. 16. 1844.
Thracia, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 1847,
2 72; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 220.

Anatina, sp., Gray, Ann. Philos. 1825; Ferussac,D. Class. Hist.
Nat.

Thracia (corbuloides), Blainv. Man. Malac.

Odontocineta (pubescens), Agassiz, Nomencl. Index, 255, 1847*
Odoncineta, Agassiz, Nomencl. Mollusca, 60 ; Ind. 255.
Cinetodonta, Herrmann. Index, 138, 1847*

Odoncinetus, Costa, Catal. Sistem. 23, 1829 (see Philippi, Moll
Sicil. 19).

Osteodesma, sp., Blainv. Malac.

Tellina, sp., Poll, Test. Sicil.

Amphidesma, sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1812.

Anatina, sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1835; Turton, Bivalves.
Ligula, sp., Montagu, Test. Brit. 1808, not Humph.

1. Thracia phaseolina.

Tellina fragilis?, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 73. t. 47. f* 26.

? Mya pretenuis, Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 1812, iv. 160. no. 4. t. 50. f.L
Tellina papyracea, Poli, Sicil. t. 15. f. 18.

Mya deciivis, Turton, Diet . 98 ; ? Brit. Faun. 147. no. 184 ; Wood ,
Cat. t. 2. f. 4.

M. deciivis (junior), Wood, Gen. Conch, t. 18. f. 3.

Amphidesma deciivis, Flem. B. A. 432.

Anatina deciivis, Turton , Biv. 47 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 42.
Thracia deciivis, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. SpMag. N. H. xx. 272;

Thomps. R. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 263; Thorpe, M. C. 24. f. 70.
Amph. oblonga, Philippi, Sic. 8. t. 1. f. 4.

Mya pubescens (junior), Turton , Biv. t. 4. f. 3.

Amphidesma phaseolina, Lamk. Hist. v. 492, ed. 2. vi. 129.
Thracia phaseolina, Kiener, Coq. Viv . t. 2. f. 4 ; Desk. Elem. t. 9.
f. 4, 5 ; Couthouy, Bost. Journ. N. H. ii. 147 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells , 22; Supp. 1. 10. f. 35; Philippi, Sicil. ii. 16; Forbes fy
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 221. 1. 17- f. 5, 6, &t. II. f. 4 (animal);
Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 46. 321.

Odoncineta papyracea, Costa , Test. Sicil. 23. t. 2. f. 1-4, animal.
Thracia pubescens, Macgilliv . Moll. Aberd. 296 ; Brown, III .
Conch. 110. t. 44. f. 6.
a — e. Devonshire.
f—k. Saltcoats.

1. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

72

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

2. Thracia VILLOSIUSCULLA.

Anatina villosiuscula, Macgilliv. Edin. Phil . Journ. 1827, 370.

t. 11. f. 6 ; Brown , I/Z. C. t. 44. f. 4.

? Anatina intermedia, Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 45 (not described) ;
Clark, MSS.

Thracia ovata, Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 110. t. 44. f. 4.

Thracia villosiuscula, Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 224. t. 17*

f.4,7.

a, b. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
c, d. Scotland.
e — h. Devonshire.

i. Scarborough.

3. Thracia pubescens.

Anatina pubescens, Turt.Biv.45.t.4.f.3 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch AY.
Amphidesma pubescens, Flem. B. A. 431.

Mya pubescens, Pulteney, Dorset, 27; Mont. T. B.40; Supp. 166
(chiefly); Turt. Did. 99. f. 35.

Mya declivis, Donov. B. S. iii. t. 82; Maton fy Backet, Linn.
Trans, viii. 36 ; Dorset Cat. 28. t. 4. f. 6 ; Wood , Gen. Conch.
93. 1. 18. f. 3 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 43 (not var.) ; ? Penn. Brit. Zool.
iv. 66. no. 15, ed. 1812, 160. no. 3.

Anatina declivis, Brown, III. C. 1. 11. f. 5.

Anatina myalis, Lamk. Hist. n. 9, ed. 2. vi. 80; Deless. Bee. Coq.

t. 3. f. 3 ; Thomps. Bep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 263.

Thracia pubescens, Leach ; Kiener, Coq. Viv. t. 2. f. 2 ; Thorpe,
M. C. xxiv. ; Couthouy, Boston Journ. N. H. ii. 135 ; Desh.
Ency.Meth. ii. 1039; Exped. Moree, Zool. 87. t. 18. f. 12;
Hanley, Bee. Shells, 21; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 226.
t. 16. f. 2, 3,

Thracia declivis. Brown, III. Conch. 109. t. 44. f. 5.

Thracia Beaniana, Becluz, Rev. Zool. 1845, 407.

Thracia Montagui, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Mag. N. H. xx.
1847, 272.

a — d. Britain.

e. Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
f — i. Devonshire.

j. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

k. l, junior. Scotland.

4. Thracia convexa.

Anatina convexa, Turt. Biv. 45. t. 4. f. 1, 2; Brown, III. C. 1. 11.
f. 3; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 41.

Mya convexa, Wood, Gen. Conch. 92. t. 18. f. 1; Cat. t. 2. f. 3 ;
Turt. Did. 100.

Amphidesma convexum, Flem. B. A. 431.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

73

Thracia convexa, Couthouy , Boston Journ. N. H. ii. 140 ; Thorpe ,
M. C. 24 = Loven, 46. 320; Thomp. Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843,
263; Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 110. t. 44. f. 3; Hanley, Rec .
Shells, 22 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 229. t. 16. f. 1, 4.
Ligula distorta, Mont. Test . Brit. Supp. 166 (not original species);

Ferussac, Diet. Class. H. N. ; Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

? My a declivis, Don. B. S.t. 82.

Thracia declivis, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 296 ; Forbes, M. G. S.
i. 409. 17.

a — c. Salcombe Bay and Plymouth Sound.

d. Belfast Bay. Presented by R . Hyndman, Esq.

e. Lyme Regis. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.

f. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

5. Thracia distorta.

Mya distorta, Mont. T. B. 42. 1. 1. f. 1 (not Supp.); Linn. Trans .
viii. 37; Turton, Diet. 101; Brit. Faun. 147- no. 186; Wood,
Conch. 98; Cat. t. 2. f. 15; Dillw. R. S. i. 45; Penn. Brit.
Zool. ed. 1812, iv. 161. no. 5.

Amphidesma distortum, Flem. B. A. 432; Ferussac, Diet. Class .
H.N.

Anatina distorta. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; Turt.Biv. 48. t. 4. f. 5;
Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 43 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 23 ; Brown, III.
Conch, ed. 1. 1. 11. f. 7-

Thracia distorta, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx.
1847, 272 ; Loven, I. M. 46. 322 ; Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2.
110. t. 44. f. 7 ; Thomps. Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 263 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 231. 1. 17. f. 1, 2, 3, 8, & t. H. f. 5 (animal).
Anatina ovalis. Brown, III. C. t. 11. f, 4 (regular).

Anatina rupicola Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 80 ; Deless. Rec. Coq .

t. 3. f. 4 ; Blainv. Man. 564.

Osteodesma rupicola, Blainv. Man. 661.

Rupicola, Fleur, de Bellev.

Thracia Turtoniana, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1845, 414.

a — s. Britain. Mus. Mont.?

Var.

Anatina truncata, Turt. Biv. 46. t. 4. f. 6 (var.) ; Thorpe, Mar.

Conch. 41; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 48.

Amphidesma truncatum, Flem. B.A. 431.

Thracia truncata, Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 110. t. 42. f. 28,
Thracia distorta, var., Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 231.

3. Magdala.

Magdala (striata), Leach, MSS. B. M. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N , H .
xx. 1847, 272; Brown , III. Conch. G.B. 1827.

D

74 BRITISH MQLLUSCA®

Lyonsia (striata), Turton, Brit. Bivalves, 35, 1822 ; Latr . Fam.
Nat. 1825 ; Sow. Proc. Z. Soc . 1834, 88; Conch. Man. ed. 2.
65 ; Muller, Syn. 231; Gray, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. iv. ; Forbes
4* Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 213.

Tetragonoste=Tetragonostea (striata). Desk. Ency. Meth. iii.
590, 1830.

Hiatella (striata), Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 1827, not Daudin.
Myatella (striata). Brown, III. Conch. G. B. ed. 2. 1833, 1844.
Osteodesma (norvegica), Desh. in Lamk. Hist. vi. 84, 1838, not
Blainville ; Couthouy, Boston Journ. N. H.

Pandorina (coruscans), Scacchi, Catalog. 6 (not Bory St. Vincent),
(see Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 15) ; Philippi, Wiegm. Arch.
1839, i. 122; Moller, Ind. Moll. Grcenl. 20; Kroger, Naturh.
Tidsskr. iv. 93.

Pandora, part., Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 18, 1838.

Mya, part., Chemn. Conch. Cab.; Montagu, B. S,; Fleming , B. A.
Amphidesma, sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s.V.

Anatina, part., Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825 ; Sow. Gen. f.

Tellina (coruscans), Scacchi, Osserv. Zool. 14, 1833.

Gresslya, Agassiz, Nomenclat.

Ceromya, sp., Agassiz, Nomenclat.

Mactromya, sp., Agassiz, Nomenclat.

1. Magdala Norvegica.

Mya Norvegica, Chemn. Conch, x. 345. 1. 170. f. 1647, 1648 (1788);
Turton, Diet. 100. f. 100 ; Flem. B. A. 4 66 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 48 ;
Wood, Conch. 98. t. 18. f. 4, 5 ; Cat. t. 2 {Mya). f. 13 ; Thorpe,
Mar. Conch. 40.

Mya nitida, O. Fab. Skriv. Natur. Selsk. iv. t. 10. f. 10, 1798.
Mya striata, Mont. Linn. Trans, xi. 188. t. 1. f. 13; Turton,
Diet. 105.

Magdala striata, Leach {Brit. Mus. 1817), MSS. 1818, Ann. fy
Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272; Brown, III. Conch, iii. t. 44. f. 1,
2, 10.

Amphidesma corbuloides, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 1st ed. v. 492.
no. 12, ed. 2. vi. 129.

Mya pellucida. Brown, Mem. Wern. Soc. ii. 505. t. 24. f. 1.
Lyonsia striata, Turton, Bivalves, 35. t. 3. f. 6, 7-
Anatina Norvegica, Gray , Ann. Phil. 1825; Sow. Gen. f. 2;
Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 34. f. 2.

Osteodesma corbuloides, Desh. in Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 85 ; Elem .

Conch, t. 8. f. 12-14 ; Chenu, Elem. 51. f. 164, 165, 166.
Lyonsia Norvegica, Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. f. 491, 492 ; Mac -
gilliv. Moll. Aberd. 300; Loven, Moll. Suec. 47. 324; Thomp .
Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 263 ; Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. i.
214. t. 8. f. 6-9 ; animal, t. H. f. 3.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 75

Myatella Montagui, Brown , III. Conch, ed. 2. iii. t.40. f. 26, 27.
Hyatella striata, Brown, III. Conch, ed. 1. 1. 16. f. 26, 27.
Anatina striata, Jeffreys, Mai. 8f Conch. Mag. 45.

Pandora equivalvis (!), Philippi, Sicil. 18. t. 1. f. 11.

Var.

Tellina coruseans, Scacchi, Osserv. Zool. 14.

Pandorina coruseans, Scacchi, Cat. 6 ; Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. 294.
1. 14. f. 1-4.

Osteodesma coruseans, Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 15. t. 14. f. L
Anatina truncata, Lamk. A. s. V. ed. 2. vi. 77 (part.) ; Desh. Enc .

Meth. ii. 40 (not Deless. nor Hanley).

Lyonsia elongata, Gray, MSS. Brit. Mus. ; Hanley, Bee. Shells,
25, Supp. 1. 13. f. 27.

Lyonsia coruseans, Desh. Exp. Sc. Alger. Moll. t. 25 a.
a, h. England.
c, d. Britain.
e. Weymouth.

/. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

Fam. 7. CoRBULiD^E.

Corbulidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 78, 91 ; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1848, 191 ; D’Orb. Paleont. Frang. 1845 ; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 179, 1848.

Corbulidae, part., Broderip, Penny Cyclop, xiv. 1839.

Corbuladae, Fleming, B. Anim. 409, 1828.

Les Camacees **, Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812.

Les Corbulees (Corbulea), part., Lamk. Hist. v. 493, ed. 2.
vi. 134.

Corbulaea, Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825.

Myacea, part., Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Pylorides, part., Blainv. Man. Mai.; Bang, Man. Moll. 322.
Lithophages, part., Feruss. Prod. 44.

Lithophaga, part., Menke, Syn. 118.

Myina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 219.

Corbulacea, part., Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 16. 1836, ii. 12. 1844 ;

G. Sow. Man. ed. 2. 1842; Hanley , III. Cat. i. 45, 1844.
Corbulacsea, Hinds, Zool. Sulph. 67, 1844.

Myina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 221.

1. Corbula.

Corbula (sulcata), Bruguiere, Ency. Meth. t. 230, 1792; Lamk.
Syst. A. s. V. 137, 1801; Ann. Mus. viii. 465; Hist. A. s. V,
v. 494, ed. 2. vi. 135 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 16, ii. 12 ; Hinds ,
Zool. Sulph. 67 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 179.

Aloidis (Guinensis), Muhlf. Entwurf, 67, 1811.

d 2

76

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Agina (purpurea), Turton , Bivalves, 1822*

Psammolea (Angina), Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825 (misprint).
Lentidium (mediterranea), Cristof. Sf Jans . Cat. 8, 1832, Man-
tissa 4; Villa, Dispos. Syst. 45, 1841.

Mya, sp., Montagu, T. B.

Tellina, sp., Olivi, Zool. Ad.

Saxicava, sp.. Sow. Man. ed. 2. 60.

1. CORBULA GIBBA.

Tellina gibba, Olivi, Zool. Adriat. 101 ; Brocchi, Conch. Subap,
ii. 517 (foss.).

Mya inequivalvis, Mont. T. B. 38. t. 26. f . 7 ; M. £f R. Linn.
Trans, viii. 10. t. 1. f. 6; Turton, Diet. 107; Brit. Faun. 147.
no. 182 ; Wood, Conch. 113, Cat. t. 3. f. 40; Dillw. R. S. 55 ;
Leach, Ann . fy Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 273.

Corbula nucleus, Lamk. H. ed. 2. vi.139. no. 6 ; Turt. Biv. 39. t. 3.
f. 8-10; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 16, ii. 12; Sow. Conch. Man.
f. 89, Gen. f. 1; Reeve , Conch. Icon. t. 2. f. 10, and Conch.
Syst . t. 36. f. 1 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 56 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i.
409. 22; Brown, III. Conch. 105. t. 42. f. 7-9 ; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 181. t. 9. f. 7~12; t. G. f. 3, animal; Desk.
Elem. Conch, t. 8. f. 7-9 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 46.

Corbula gibba, Loven, I. M. 49. 330.

Corbula striata, Flem. B. A. 425; Desh. Exp. Sc. Alger . Moll. 2 31.
Cardium striatum, & c.. Walk. M. S. f. 35.

Corbula Olympica, Costa, Test. Sicil. 27.

C. inequivalvis, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 303.

C. rotundata. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 572.

C. rugosa, Lamk. Hist. vi. 141.

Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 230. f. 4, a, b, c, d.

JUN.

Mya purpurea, Mont. Supp. T. B. 21.

Solen purpurea, Flem. B.A. 459.

Agina purpurea, Turt. Biv. 54. t. 4. f. 9.
a—f. Britain.
g — j. Ditto.
k — c c. Firth of Forth.
d d. Falmouth. Mus. Leach.

e e — j j, jun. Near Edinburgh. Presented by Miss Greville,

2. Corbula rosea.

Corbula rosea, “Leach,” Brown, III. Conch . 105. t. 42. f. 6;
Loven, I. M. 49. 331 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, Supp. 1. 12. f. 33 ;
Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 185. t. 9. f. 13, 14.

Inhab. Falmouth, Leach.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

77

3. CORBULA OVATA.

Corbula ovata, Forbes , Malac. Mon. 53. t. 2. f. 8, 9 ; Brown, III.
Conch. 105. t. 42. f. 32, 33 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i.
187. t. 9. f. 15 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. t. 3. f. 18.

? Corbula (Potamomya) ustulata, jun., Forbes, l. c. 189.

Inhab. Isle of Man.

2. Sph^nia.

Sphenia (Binghami), Leach, MSS. 1819; Turton, Bivalves, 36,
1822; Flem. B. An. 410, 465; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848,
190; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 189.

Corbula, sp., Hanley. Rec. Shells, 47.

Sphaena, Def ranee, Tabl. 105, 1824 (misprint); Blainville, Malac.

561 ; Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 120, 1830; Swainson, Malac. 1840.
Sphaenia, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Phil .; Gray; Sow. Man. ed. 2.
176, 262.

Sphena, Desh. Enc. Meth. iii.965, 1832; Lamk.Hist. ed.2.vi. 137.
My a, sp.. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

? Arcinella(l8evis),P^^j}pz, Sicil. ii. 53, 1844, not OJcen nor Schum.

1. Sphenia Binghami.

Sphaenia Binghami, Turt. Biv. 36. t. 3. f. 3, 4, 5. t. 19. f. 3;
Flem. B. A. 4 65 ; Thorpe, M. Conch. 57- f. 32, 33 ; Sow. Conch.
Man. f. 96; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 190. t. 9. f. 1-3.
Mya Binghami, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Spenia Binghami, Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 14. f. 22, 23, 24.
Corbula Binghami, Hanley, Rec. Shells, 47, Supp. t. 12. f. 4.

2. Doubtful sp.

Sphaenia costulata, Macgill. Moll. Aberd. 301 ; Thorpe, M. C. 245.
Inhab. — — ? “ Only a single valve yet found.”

3. Ne^era.

Neaera (rostrata), Gray, Griffith, A. K. 1834 ; Syn. Brit. Mus.
1840 ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Suec. 48 ; Forbes, Proc. Z. S. 1843,
75 ; Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1844 ; Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844 ; Hinds,
Zool. Sulph. 1844; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 194.
Anatina, sp., Lamk. Hist. vi. 78.

Erycina (cuspidata), Risso, Eur. Merid. iv.

Cuspidaria (cuspidata), Nardo, Rev. Zool. 30, 1840.

Thracia, sp., Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

Corbula, sp., Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

Mya, sp., Spengler ; Chemn. ; Dillw.

Naera, Sow. Man. ed. 2. 65 (misprint).

Naeara, Sow. Man. ed. 2. 198, 310 (misprint).

Neraea, “ Gray,” Herrmannsen (misprint).

78

BRITISH MOLLUSCAe

1. Neaera CUSPIDATA.

Tellina cuspidata, Olivi, Zool. Adriat. 101. t. 4. f. 3, a, b, c.
Neaera brevirostris, Loven, Ind. Moll . Suec. 48. 327.

Thracia brevirostra, Brown , III. C. ed. 2. 110. t. 44. f. 11-14.
Erycina cuspidata, Risso , Eur. Merid. iv. 366. t. 12. f. 170.
Anatina brevirostris, Brown, Edinb. Journ. Nat. Sf Geograph.
Sc. i. 11. t.l. f. 1-4 (1829).

Neaera cuspidata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll, i* 195. t. 7- f. 4,
5, 6 ; animal, t. G. f. 4-7.

Cuspidaria typus, Nardo, Rev . Zool. 1840, 30.
a — e. Inverary.

f. Loch Fyne. Presented by R. IVPAndrew, Esq.

2. Neaera costellata.

Neaera costellata, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, 77; Forbes, Rep.
Brit. Assoc. 1843 ; Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. xx. 19; Forbes Sf Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. i. 199. t. 7- f. 8, 9; animal, t. G. f. 8, 9.
Corbula costellata. Desk. Exped. Moree, Moll. 86. t. 24. f. 1,2, 3.
Neaera sulcata, Loven, Moll. Suec. 48.

? Cuspidaria radiata, Nardo, Rev. Zool. 1840, 30.
a — c. Scotland.

3. Ne^ra abbreviata.

Neaera abbreviata, Forbes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, 75 ; Jeffreys ,
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xix. 1847, 314; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. i. 201. t. 7- f. 7 (magnified).

Neaera vitrea, Loven, Moll. Skand.48 ; Jeffreys, Ann. N.H. xx. 18.
a — -f. Inverary.

4. Poromya.

Poromya (anatinoides), Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 191 ;
Brit. Moll. i. 203.

Corbula, sp., Nyst, Nouv. Rech. ; Jeffreys, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H.
xx. 19.

I. Poromya granulata.

Corbula? granulata, Nyst Sf Westendorp, Nouv. Rech. Coq. Foss .
d’ Anvers, 6. n. 10. t. 3. f. 3, 1839 ; Nyst, Desc. Coq. Foss.
Belgique, 1843, 71. 1. 1. f. 6; Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xx. 19.
Tellina polygona?, Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xix. 314.

Poromya anatinoides, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 191; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 204.

Poromya granulata, Forbes Sf Hanley, l. c. i. 204. t. 9. f. 4-6.
Inhab. Isle of Skye, Jeffreys.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

79

Fam. 8. Pandorid^e.

Pandoridae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842, 78. 91; Proc . Zool.
Soc. 1848, 192.

Pandoridae, part., Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 206.
Pandoroidae, Agassiz, Nom. 1847.

Les Camacees, part., Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812.

Les Corbule'es (Corbulea), part., Lamk. Hist.v. 497, ed. 2. vi. 134.
Corbulaea, part., Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825.

Pandoracea, Bajin. Anal. Nat . 1815.

Solenacea, part., Menke, Syn. 119.

Myacea, part., Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Pylorides, part., Blainv. Man. Mai. ; Rang, Man. Moll. 322.
Solen, part., Feruss. Prod.44; Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag.
N.H. xx. 273.

Hypogaea, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Corbulacea, part., Philippi , Moll. Sicil. i. 16. 1836, ii. 12. 1844 ;

Sow. Man. ed. 2. 122, 310, 1842 ; Hanley, III. Cat. i. 45.
Corbulidae, part., Brod. Penny Cyclop, xiv. 1839.

Myadae?, part., Leach, Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, 174, 1819.

1. Pandora.

Pandora (inequivalvis), Solander, MSS. (not Muhlf. nor Oken,
nor Eschscholtz, nor Holiday, nor Noronh.); Brug. Ency.Meth.
250, 1792 ; Lamk. Syst. 136, 1801 ; Hist. v. 498, ed. 2. vi. 143 ;
Schum. Essai, 114, 1817; Leach, Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay ,
174, 1819; Flem. B. A. 410, 466; Quoy 8f Gaim. Voy.Astrol.
iii. 537 ; Philippi, Moll . Sicil. i. 18, ii. 13; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 206.

Calopodium (inequivalvis), Bolten, Mus. 1798, ed. 2. 116, 1819,
Trutina, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. t. 13. f. 5.

Placuna, sp.. Humph. Mus . Calonn.

Tellina, sp., Linn. S. N.

Anomia, sp., Gronov.

Solen, sp., Montag. T. B .

1. Pandora in^eouivalvis.

Tellina inequivalvis, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1118— Chemn. Conch, vi.
115. t. 11. f. 106; Donov. B. S. t. 41. f. 1; Mont. T. B. 75, Sf
Supp. 27 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 50 ; Spengler, Besch. Berl. Gesch .
Nat. iii. t. 7. f. 25-28; Turt. Conch. Diet. 172; Brit. Faun.
151. no. 217; Wood, Gen. Conch. 201. t. 47. f. 2-4 ; Cat. t. 5.
f. 97 ; BiUw. R. S. i. 86.

Pandora inequivalvis, Flem. B. A. 466; Poli, Test . Sicil. t. 15.
f. 5, 6, 9.

80

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Pandora rostrata, Lamk. Hist. vi. 145. no. 1 ; Sow. Gen. f. 1, 2, 3 ;
Spec. Conch, t. 2. f. 7, 8, 9 ; Conch. Man. f. 90 ; Reeve , Conch .
Syst. t. 37. f. 1-3; Thorpe , Mar. Conch. 58 ; Brown , III. Conch.
104. t. 47. f. 5, 12 , 13; Desk. Elem. t. 8. f. 10, 11 ; Exp. Sci .
Alger. Moll. t. 24, animal; Chenu , Elem. 58. f. 194, 195;
Hanley , Rec. Shells, 48 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 207-
t. 8. f. 1-4.

P. margaritacea, Turt. Biv. 40. t. 3. f. 11-14.

Calopodium, Bolten, Mus. ed. 2. 116, 1819.

Inhab. Guernsey and Jersey ; abundant.

2. Pandora obtusa.

Solen Pinna, Mont. T. B. 567. 1. 15. f. 3 ; Linn. Tram. viii. 48 ;
Turton, Brit. Faun. 149. no. 198 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 175.
t. 67. f. 3 ; Wood, Conch. 141; Cat. t. 3. f 35.

Pandora obtusa, Leach, Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, 174, 1819;
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 273; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 145.
no. 2 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 210. t. 8. f. 5, & t. G.
f. 10, animal ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 57. f. 15 ; Sow. Spec. Conch.
t. 2. f. 1, 2, 3 ; Deless. Rec. Coq. t. 4. f. 8; Philippi, Moll .
Sicil. ii. 14. t. 13. f. 13; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 48. t. 3. f. 35;
Penn. B . Z. ed. 4. iv. t. 64, figures at bottom of plate without
numbers; no description.

Trutina solenoidea, Brown, III. C. 1. 13. f. 5.
a — p. Plymouth Sound.
q — v. Oban.

Earn. 9. Galeommid^r.

Galeommidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 78, 91 ; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1848, 192.

Corbulacea, part., Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 16. 1836, ii. 12. 1844.
Myadae, part., Fleming, B. A. 410, 466, 1828.

Saxicavidae, part., Swainson, Malac. 376.

Pholadaria, part.. Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. 151.

1. Galeomma.

Galeomma (Turtoni), Turton, Zool. Journ. ii. 361. 1. 13. f. 1, 1825 ;
Fleming, B. A. 410, 466; Sow. Gen. Shell, t. ; Desk, in
Lamk. Hist. ed. 2.vi. 179, 1835 ; Philippi, Wiegm. Arch. i. 117-
Galeomna, Hanley, III. Cat. i. 59 (misprint).

Parthenope (formosa), Scacchi, Osserv. Zool. 19, not Fabric.
Psammobia (aurantia and vitrea), Lamk. Hist.v i.; Quoy Sf Gaim.
Voy. Astrol.

Hiatella (Polii), Costa, Ann. Sci. Nat. viii. 169; Belle Chiaje,
Test. Sicil. t. 80.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

81

1. Galeomma Turtoni.

Galeomma, Turton, Zool. Journ. ii. 361; Ann. Nat. Hist . iv. 92.
t. 3. f. 4.

Galeomma Turtoni, Sow. Zool. Journ. ii. 361. t. 13. f. 1 ; Flem .
Brit . An. 466 ; Sow. Gen. Galeom. f. 1, 2, 3 ; Conch. Man.
f, 58, 59 ; Brown, III. Conch. G.B. 114. t. 23. f. 15, 16 ; Thorpe ,

M. C. 33. f. 72 ; Philippi, Sicil. ii. 18. 1. 14. f. 4, animal ; Lamk.
Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 180; Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 11. f. 13-17;
Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. 54. f. 1-3 ; Desh. Exp. Sci. Alger. Moll.
t. 82 (anatomy), &t. 81. f. 11-1 5; Mittre,Ann.Sc. Nat. 3rdser.
vii. 169. t. 5. f. 1-8 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 105. t. 36.
f. 11, and t. O. f. 5.

Hiatella Polii, Costa, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1st ser. xv. 100.

H. striata, Chiaje, t. 80. f. 9, ined.

Parthenope formosa, Scacchi, Cat . 4, Oss. Zool. 8. t. 19, fide
Philippi.

Galeomna Turtoni, Hanley, III. Cat. i. 59. t. 9. f. 42.
a — d. Guernsey.

Fam. 10. Lasiad,®.

Lasiadae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 79, 91 ; Proc. Zool. Soc\
1848, 192.

Kelliadae, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 71.

Myina, part., M.-Edw. Elem. Zool. 1843; Macgilliv.Moll.Aberd.
219.

Tellinina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 219, 276, 1843.
Maetracea, part., Gould, Invert. Massach. 60, 1841; Lea, Proc.

Phil. Soc. iii. 164; Philippi, Sicil. i. 9, ii. 7-
Mactradae, part., Flem. B. A. 409, 1828.

Petricola, sp.. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Front of mantle often enlarged and produced so as to give the
appearance of a tube.

1. Lasea.

Lasea (rubra), Leach, MSS. B. M. 1819 ; see Gray, Ann. fy Mag.

N. H. 1848.

Kellia, part, (rubra), Turton, Bivalves, 57 ; Fleming, B. A. 430 ;

Forbes, Malac. Mon. 49 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 94.
Lasaea, “Leach,” fide Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 1827; Conch .

Text-Book, 1833; Herrmann. Ind. 377.

Lesaea, “Leach,” Moller, Nat. Tidsskr. iv. 93, 1842; Index
Moll. Green. 20; Philippi, Wiegm. Arch. i. 51, 1845.

Petricola, sp., Gray, Ann. Philos. 1825.

Bornia, sp., Philippi, 1836 ; Desh. Exp. Alger.

Erycina (violacea), Scacchi, Cat. 6.

d 5

82

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

? Amphidesma, sp., Lamk. 1818.

Poronia (rubra), Hanley ( Thorpe ) Brit. Mar. Conch. 80.
Cyciadina (Adansonii), Cantraine , 1830.

Poronia (Adansonia), Recluz , 1846.

Chama (Poron), Adanson, Seneg .

1. Lasea rubra.

Cardium rubrum, Mont, (not Reeve) T. B . 83. t. 27. f. 4 ; Linn .
Trans, viii. 66 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 213 ; Walker, T. M. rar.
t. 3. f. 86 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 131 ; Turton, Brit. Faun.
153. no. 231.

Tellina rubra, Conch. Diet. 168.

Kellia rubra, Turt. Biv . 57 & 258. t. 11. f. 7, 8 ; Flem. Brit. An.
430 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 51 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd.
277 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 43 ; Supp. t. 9. f. 49 ; Forbes
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 94. t. 36. f. 5-7, & t. O. f. 3 (animal).
Poronia rubra, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1843, 175; Thorpe, M. C. 25 ;
Chenu, III. Conch. Poronia, 3.

Lassea rubra, Leach, MSS. ; Brown, III. Conch. (1827), t. 20.
f. 17-19.

Lesaea rubra, Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 93. t. 36. f. 17, 18.
Petricola rubra. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Bornia seminulum, Philippi, Sic. i. 14. t. 1. f. 16, ii. 11 ; Desh .
Exp. Scien. Alger . Moll. t. 43. f. 8-11, & t. 43. A. f. 6-8, ana-
tomy.

Erycina violacea, Scacchi, Cat. 6.

? Amphidesma nucleola, Lamk. y. 493.

Cyciadina Adansonii, Cantr. Bull. Acad. Brux.

Cyclas australis, Lamk. Hist.

a — s. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.
t — x. Tynemouth.
y — a a. Whitby, Northumberland.
b b — 1 1. Mount Batten rocks.

2. Kellia.

Kellia (suborbicularis), Turt. Biv. 57, 1822 ; Flem. B. A. 409, 430.
Chironia (Leperousii), Desh. Rev. Zool. 1839, 356 ; Wiegm. Arch .

ii. 1840, 216; 1841, 280; Guerin, Mag. Zool. 1840, 1. 12.
Tellimya, sp.. Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

Bornia, sp. (inflata), Philippi, Sicil. i. 14.

My a, sp., Montagu, T. B.

Petricola, sp.. Gray, Ann. Phil.

Erycina, sp. Recluz ; Pay rand. Moll. Cors .

Amphidesma, sp., Lamk. Hist.

Tellina, sp., Turton, Conch. Diet .

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

83

1. Kellia suborbicularis.

Mya suborbicularis, Mont. T. B. 39. 564. t. 26. f. 6 ; Linn. Trans .
viii. 41; Dillw. Rec . Shells , i. 55; Turton, Brit. Faun. 147.
no. 183.

Kellia suborbicularis, Turton , Biv. 57- 1. 11. f. 5, 6 ; Flem. Brit.
An. 430 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 276 ; Loven , I. M. 44. 309 ;
Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 51; Alder, Cat. North. Moll. 93 ;
Ind. t. 3. f. 37 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 87- 1. 18.
f. 9, 9 a Sf 9 b ; t. O. f. 4, animal.

Petricola suborbicularis, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Erycina suborbicularis, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844.

Erycina Geoffroyii, Payr. Cors. 30. 1. 1. f. 3-5.

Amphidesma pbysodes, Lam. fide Cab.

Tellina suborbicularis, Turt. Conch. Diet. 179.

Tellimya suborbicularis. Brown, III. C. t. 14. f. 14, 15, 2nd ed.
106. t. 42. f. 14, 15.

Tellimya tenuis, Brown, III. C. 1. 14. f. 12, 13.

Bornia inflata, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 14, ii. 11.
a — d. Northumberland.
e — h. Scotland.
i — n. Oban.

2. Kellia lactea.

Tellimya lactea. Brown, III. C. 1. 14. t. 10, 11.

Kellia lactea, Loven, I. M. 44. 310.

? Bornia inflata, Philippi, Sicil. 14.

Hab. Devonshire coast, “ Dr. Leach ” fide Brown .

3. Cyamium.

Cyamium (antarcticum), Philippi, in Arch. Naturg. i. 50, 1845,
and in Erichson, Arch. 1847, t. 3. f. 8 ; Herrmann. Ind. 336.
Cyamium (minutum), Loven, Ind. Moll. 42, 306.

Lessea (minuta), Moller, Ind. Moll. Green. 20.

Montacuta (purpurea), Hanley, Thorpe’s Brit. Mar. Conch.
Turtonia (minuta), Alder, Cat. Moll. North. ; Forbes ty Hanley ,
Brit. Moll.

Mya, sp., Montagu, T. B.

Solen, sp., Fleming, B. A.

Erycina, sp., Recluz, Rev. Zool.

Saxicava, sp., Brown, III. B. Conch.

1. Cyamium minutum.

Venus minuta, 0. Fab. F. G. 412.

Mya purpurea, Montag. T. B. Supp . 21; Turt. Conch. Diet. 102;

Wood, Gen. Conch. 100 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 46.

Erycina purpurea, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844, 329.

84

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Solen purpurea, Fleming , Brit. An. 459.

Saxicava purpurea. Brown , III. C. ed. 2. 103 (not figures).
Turtonia minuta, Alder, Cat. North. Moll. 95 ; Forbes fy Hanley ,
Brit. Moll. ii. 81. 1. 18. f .7,7 a; t. O. f. 1 (animal).

Lessea minutum, Moller, Ind. Moll. Gr. 20.

Montacuta? purpurea, Hanley , in Thorpe’s Mar. Conch. 25. £.14
(note).

Cyamium minutum, Loven, I. M. 42. 306.

4. Montacuta.

Montacuta (substriata), Turton , Conch. Diet. 102, 1819; Bivalves ,
59, 1822; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 43, 1846 (not Fleming ,
B.A. 285, 1828, nor Leach, 1825).

Tellimya (substriata), sp., Brown, III. Conch . G. B .

Ligula, part., Montagu, T. B.

Erycina, part., Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844.

Petricola, part.. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

1. Montacuta substriata.

Montacuta substriata, Turt. Biv. 59. 1. 11. f. 9, 10; Flem. Brit.
An. 465 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 77. t. 18. £. 8, 8 a ;
t. 0.4f. 2, animal; Loven , I. M. 43. 308; Alder, Cat. North,
fy Durh. Moll. 96 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 303 ; Thorpe , Brit.
Mar. Conch. 51.

Ligula substriata, Mont. T. B. Supp. 25.

Mya substriata, Mont. T. B. 47 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 103 ; Wood ,
Gen. Conch. 102; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 47.

Tellimya substriata. Brown, III. C. t. 16. f. 23. ed. 2. 107. t. 40.
£.23.

Erycina substriata, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844, 330.

? Sphsenia costulata, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 301; Thorpe, Brit .
Mar. Conch. 245 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 133.

a — i. Northumberland. Adheres to the spines of the oral
surface of Spatangi.

2. Montacuta bidentata.

Mya bidentata, Mont. T. B. 44. t. 26. f. 5 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 41 ;
Turt. Conch. Diet. 102 ; Brit. Faun. 147. no. 187 ; Wood, Gen.
Conch. 99; Dillw „ Rec. Shells, 45; Leach , Ann. & Mag. N. H.
xx. 1847, 273.

Montacuta bidentata, Turt. Biv . 60 ; Flem. Brit. An. 465 ; Mac-
gilliv. Moll. Aberd. 302 ; Thorpe, M. Conch. 52. f. 58 ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 409. 21; Alder, Cat. North, Durh. Moll. 95 ;
Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 75. 1. 18. f. 6 & 6 a.

Petricola bidentata. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 54.
Erycina bidentata, Recluz, Rev. Zool. 1844, 331.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

85

Tellimya bidentata, Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 107. t. 44. f. 8, 9. 2yx<I*c(t
Anatina bidentata, Brown, III. C. t. 11. f. 8, 9. tAjr#d<

3. Montacuta ferruginosa.

Mya ferruginosa, Mont. T. B. Supp. 22 & 126. t. 26. f. 2 ; Dorset
Cat. 2 8; Turt. Conch. Diet. 102; Wood , Gen. Conch . 100;

Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 46 ; Ind. Test. t. 2. Mya, f. 19.

Mya ferruginea, Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 1847, 273.

Montacuta ferruginosa, Turt. Biv. 60 ; Fleming, Brit. An. 465 ;
Hanley, Bee. Shells, 40; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 52. f. 16 ; Forbes
£f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 72. 1. 18. f. 5, 5a & 5 b (as ferrugmea).
Poronia? ferruginosa, Jeffreys, Ann. SfMag. N. H. xix. 313.

Tellimya elliptica, Brown, III. C. 1. 14. f. 16-18. 2nd ed. t. 42. f. 19.

? Tell, glabra (var.), Brown, III. C. t. 14. f. 19. 2nd ed. 107. t. 42.
f. 20, 21.

Tell, ovata, Brown, III. C. 1. 14. f. 20, 21 (not 2nd edit.).

Montacuta ovata, Thomp. Bep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 262.

Erycina ferruginosa, Becluz , Bev. Zool. 1844, 332.

Montacuta oblonga (young), Turt. Brit. Biv. 61. 1. 11. f. 11, 12;

Flem. Brit. An. 465 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 52; Macgilliv.

Moll. Aberd. 302.

Montacuta glabra, Macgilliv . Moll. Aberd. 303 ; Thorpe, Brit.

Mar. Conch. 245.

a — c. Plymouth Sound. Mus. Mont,

Fam. 11. Leptonid^e.

Leptonidge, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 193.

Lasiadae, part.. Gray, Syn. B. M. 1842, 79, 91.

Kelliadse, part., Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 1849.

Tellinina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 214.

1. Lepton.

Lepton (squamosus), Turton, Bivalves, 62, 1822 (not Plin.); Flem.

B. A. 409, 429; Swains. Malac. 366; Conrad, Foss. Tert.

Form. 19, 1840; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 97.

Mactra, sp., Montagu, T. B.

1. Lepton squamosum.

Solen squamosus, Mont. T. B. 565 ; Turt. Diet. 164 ; Brit. Faun.

149. no. 197 ; Linn. Trans. \ iii. 48; Wood, Gen. Conch. 140;

Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 70; Leach, Ann. &• Mag. N. H. xx.

1847, 273.

Lepton squamosum, Turt. Biv. 62. t. 6. f. 1-3 ; Flem. Brit. An.

429 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 49 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

111. t. 40. f. 7; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 62; Forbes fy Hanley,

Brit. Moll. ii. 98. t. 36. f. 8, 9 ; t. O. f. 6, animal.

86

BRITISH M0LLUSCA.

Mactra squamosa, Gray , Ann. Phil . 1825.

Psammobia punctura, Brown , III. C. G. B. 1. 16. f. 7*

Lutraria squamosa, Hanley , Bee. Shells, i. 28, Supp. t. 9. f. 47.
Lepton squammeux, Chenu , Traite Elem. 47. f. 148.

«. Weymouth.

2. Lepton nitidum.

Lepton nitidum, Turton, Biv. 63 ; Flem. Brit. An. 429 ; Thorpe ,
Mar. Conch. 49 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 278 ; Brown ,
m Conch. G. B. 111.

Lepton squamosum jun. ?, Jeffreys , 4m. IV. H. xx. 19.

Kellia nitida, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 92. t. 36. f. 3, 4.
Inhab. Torbay, Turton. Bantry Bay, Lyons. Island of Skye,
Jeffreys.

3. Lepton convexum.

Lepton convexum, Alder, Cat. North. 8f Durh. Moll. 93 ; Forbes
ty Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 102. t. 36. f. 10.

Inhab. Cullercoats, Alder. Bantry Bay, M‘ Andrew.

Fam. 12. Saxicaviime.

Saxicavidse, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 79, 91; Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1848, 193; Bev. Zool. 1844, 408.

Saxicavidse, part., Swainson , Elem. Conch. 1835; Malac. 375,
1840.

Les Lithophages and Les Cardiacees, part., Lamk. Cour. 106,
1812.

Les Lithophages, part., and Les Cardiacees, part., Lamk. Hist. v.
501, vi. 29, ed. 2. vi. 147, 385.

Pyloridea, part., Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. ; Bang, Man. Moll. 322.
Gastrochaenidee, part., Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 136, 1848.
Solenacese, part., Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809.

Pholadiadse, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N.H. xx. 272.
Pholidaria, part., Bajin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Solenacea, part., Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Pholades, part., Feruss. Prod. 45.

Lithophaga, part., Menke, Syn. 118.

Solenina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 217-
Saxicavina, part., Agassiz, Nomencl.

Pholadidse?, part., Leach, Boss’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, 174, 1819.
Biapholus, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fyMag. N. H. xx. 1847, 272.

1. Saxicava.

Saxicava, Fleuriau de Bellevue, Bull. Soc. Philom. no. 62, 1802;
Journ. Phys. liv. ; Schweiger, Naturg. 700, 1820; Blainv.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

87

Malac. 571 ; Sow. Gen.; Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809; Ext. du
Cour. 1812; Hist. A. s. V. v. 501, ed. 2. vi. 150 ; Rang, Man.
Moll. 333 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 137.

Rhombus, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. x. 1818 (not Montf. Sfc.).
Rhomboides, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 355, 1824 ; Man.

Malac. 57 3,1825; Rang, Man. Moll. 335; Menke,Syn. ed.2.118.
Pholeobia (rugosa), Leach, Journ. Phys. 1819, Ixxxviii. ; Ross,
Voy. Arctic Reg. 174 ; Isis, 1820, 130.

Pholeobius, Sow. Man . ed. 2. 225 (misprint).

Byssomya (Pholadis), Cuvier, R. A. iii. 18 17* ed. 2. 1830 ; Rang,
Man. Moll. 334.

Byssomia, Desh. Enc. Meth. iii. 553 (misprint).

Byssonia, Blainv. D. S. Nat. v. 158 (misprint).

? Clotho ( ), Faujas St. Fond, Ann. Mus. xi. 384, 1807;

Defrance, Diet. Sci. Nat. ix. 421; Blainv. Malac. 561; united
to Saxicava, Desh. E. M. ii. 247, 1830.

Glycymeris, Schum. N. Syst. 1817 (not Lamk.).

Chamsepholas, Lister, Conch.

Hypogsea and Hypogaeoderma (barbata), part., Poli, Test. Sicil .
Cardita, part., Brug. E. M. 1791.

Biapholus, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Corbula, part., Bolten. Mus.

Cyrtodaire, part., Daudin, Bull. Soc. Phil. 1798.

Irus, part., Oken, Lehrb. iii. 1815.

Mya, sp.. Fab. Faun. Grain.

1. Saxicava rugosa.

Mytilus rugosus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 1. iv. 94. t. 63. f. 72, ed. 1812.
t. 66. f. 1; Pult. Hutch. Dors. 37 ; Dors. Cat. 39. 1. 13. f . 5 ;
M. Sf R. Linn. Trans, viii. 105. 270. t. 6. f. 3, 4 ; Mont . T. B.
1 64 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 304 ; Wood, Cat. t. 12. f. 9 ; Donov. B. S.
iv. 141; Turt. Conch. Diet. 113; Brit. Faun. 164. no. 311.
Mytilus Pholadis, Linn. Mantissa 548; Muller, Zool. Dan.
t. 87. f. 1, 2, 3.

Saxicava rugosa, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 152 ; Turt. Biv. 20. t. 2.
f. 10; Sow. Gen. f. 2, 3, 4 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i.
146. t. 6. f. 7, 8. t. F. f. 6 ; Rang, Man. Moll. 333 (animal) ;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 285; Brown, III. C. G. B. 103. t. 47.
f. 14-16 ; Crouch, Int. Conch, t. 5. f. 3 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. i.
t. 50. f. 2, 3, 4 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 50.

Hyatella rugosa, Flem. B. A. 461; Thorpe, Brit . Mar. Conch. 58.
Rhomboides rugosus, Blainv. Man. 573.

Mya byssifera, O. Fab. Faun. Green. 408.

Pholeobia rugosa, Leach, Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, 174, 1819;
Journ. Phys. 1819, Ixxxviii. 465 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 9. f, 15.

88

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Biapholus rugosus, Leach , MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx.

272.

Sax. gallicana, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 152 ; Deless. Rec. t. 4. f. 9 ;
Desh. Elem. Conch, t. 12. f. 1-3; Hanley , Rec. Shells, Supp.
t. 9. f. 5.

Sax. Pholadis, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 152 ; Turton, Dithyra Brit .

21. t. 2. f. 11; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 50.

Mya rustica, Brocchi.

Sax. rustica, Bronn.

Saxicava distorta, Say ; Gould, Invert. Mass. 61. f. 40.
Byssomya pholadis, Bowdich, Bivalves, f. 43.

Byssomia ( ), Cuvier, R. A.; Rang, Man. Moll. 334.

Hiatella oblonga, jun., Turton, Dithyra Brit. 25. t. 2. f. 13.
Rhomboides (rugosus), Blainv. Man. Malac.; Rang, Man. Moll .
335.

Saxicave ridee, Chenu, Trait. Elem. 58. f. 197, 198.

List. Ang. t. 4. f. 21; Conch, t. 426. f. 267.
a — s. Britain.

t — v. Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

w, group in situ. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

x, jun. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.

Var.

Saxicava, n. s. ?, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 149. t. 6. f. 1-3.
Inhab. Isle of Wight, Hanley.

2. Hiatella.

Hiatella, Daudin, RerrrMern^MoUrTdnsT^ in Bose, Hist.
Nat. Coq. iii. 120, 1802 ; Roissy, Moll. vi. 385, 1805 ; Lamk.
Extr. Cour. 1812 ; Hist. v. 29, ed. 2. vi. 442; Cuvier, R. A.
iii. 1817 ; Blainv. Malac. 573 ; Rang, Man. 335, 1829 ; Gray,
Rev. Zool. 1846, 419; Turton, Bivalves, 24.

Hyatella, Feruss. Prod. 45; D’Orb.; Desh. E. M. iii. 271, 552.
Didonta, Schum. Essai, 125, 1817.

Diodonta, Herrmannsen , Ind. 388.

Pholeobia, sp., Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

Saxicava, part.. Sow. Man. ed. 2. 176 ; Philippi, Sicil. i. 20.
Biapholus, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Solen, sp., Linn. S.N. 1114; Lamk. Hist. v. 453, ed. 2. vi. 57 ;

Spengler, Skrivt. N. S.

Cardita, sp., Brug. Ency. Meth .

Donax, sp., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Anatina, sp., Turton , Bivalves.

Rhomboides, part., Blainv. Malac. 57 3.

Biapholus (minutus), Leach, Ross’s Arctic Voy.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

89

Biapholius (spinosus), “Leach” in Lamk. Hist. v. 453, 1818,
ed. 2. vi. 57 ; Blainv. Malac. 574, 1825.

Biopholeus, Herrmannsen, Index , 111.

1. Hiatella minuta.

Solen minutus, Linn. S. N. 1114; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 6/. t.6.
f. 51, 52 ; M. Sf j R. Linn. Trans, viii. 47 ; Turton , Conch. Diet.
161 ; Brit. Faun. 148. no. 195; Lamk. A. s. V. ed. 2. vi. 57;
Mont. T. B. 53. 1. 1. f. 4; Spengler, Skrivt. N. S . iii. part 2. 113 ;
Wood, G. Conch. 139. t. 34. f.5,6; Cat. t. 3. f. 33; Dillw. R. S.
i. 69 ; Brown, III. C. 1. 13. f. 1.

Hiatella minuta, Turt. Biv. 24. t. 2. f.12 ; Brown , III. Conch. 103.
t. 47. f. 1-16.

Mya arctica, Linn. S.N. 1113 ; Muller, Prod.; 0. Fab. F. G. 407 ;

Turton, Conch. Diet. 184.

Cardita arctica, Brug. Enc. Meth.

Hiatella arctica, D^mdrT'R^-MemrMoll. Paris-; Thorpe, Brit.
M. Conch. 59 ; Bowdich, Conch. Biv. f. 40 ; Crouch, Int. Conch.
t. 8. f. 6; Cuv. R. A. ed. Croch. 1. 110. f. 1; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2.
vi. 443; Flem. B.A . 461; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 150.

Anatina arctica, Turton, Biv. 49. t. 4. f. 7, 8 ; Brit. Mar. Conch.
42.

Chama aculeata, Strom.

Donax rhomboides, Poli, Test. Sicil. t. 15. f. 12, 15.

Saxicava rhomboides, Desh. in Lamk. H. A. s. V. ed. 2. vi. 153.
Biapbolus spinosus, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx.
272; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 57-

Mytilus praecisus, Mont. T. B . 165. t. 4. f. 2 ; Linn. Tr. viii. 112 ;

Dillw. Rec. Shells, 305.

Pholeobia praecisus, Brown, III. C. t. 9. f. 16.

Saxicava arctica, Philippi, Sic. i. 20. t. 3. f. 3, & ii. 19; Desh.
Elem. Conch, t. 12. f. 8, 9 ; Loven, Moll. Suec. 40 ; Forbes 8f
Hanley, Brit. Moll. 141. t. 6. f. 4-6.

Agina purpurea, Turt. Biv. 54. t. 4. f. 9 ; Brit. Mar. Conch. 60.
Solen purpureus, Fleming, Brit. An. 459.

Saxicava purpurea. Brown, III. Conch, t. 42. f. 30, 31.

? Saxicava sulcata, Smith, Mem. Wern. viii. ; Forbes, M. G. S. i.
410. 24.

Hiatelle, Chenu, Traite element. 58. f. 206.

Saxicava rubra, Desh. Exp. Algerie, Moll. t. 66. f. 18, 19.
Saxicava rhomboides, Desh. Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 153.
Hypogaea gibba and Hypogaeoderma rhomboidea, Poli, ii. 251,

257.

a — o. Firth of Forth.
p — t. Scotland.

u (Mytilus precisus). Britain. (Mus. Mont.?)

90

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Order III. GONIOPODA.

Goniopoda, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, T9, 91; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1848, 193.

Phyllopoda, part.. Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 23 7.

Ostraces (Arcaces), Feruss. Prod. 42.

Mytilaces, Cuvier, R. A.; Feruss. Prod. 39.

Cardiaces, part., Cuv. R. A . ; Feruss. Prod. 39.

Cardia, part., Eichw. Zool. Spec. i. 280.

Mytilacea, Menke, Syn. 104.

Cardiacea, Menke, Syn. 109.

Fam. 1. Astartid^e.

Astartidae, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 194.

Astartidae, part., D’Orb. Pal. Franc. 1845; Geinitz, Grund. 42/ ,
' 1846.

Carditacea, part., Roemer , de Astarte, 1842 ; Leonh. Jahrb. 1843,
58.

Crassinidae, Gray, Syn . B. M. 1840; 1842, 80, 91.

Les Nymphacees, part., Lamk. Hist. v. 509, ed. 2. vi. 165.
Veneracea/part., Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Conchaces, § 2, part.. Rang, Man. Moll. 302.

Crassatellae or Crassatelles, part., Feruss. Prod. 42, 1821.
Mytilaces, part., Goldfuss; Schweiger.

Venerina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 210.

Veneridae, Leach, in Ross’s Voy.

Psammobiadae, part., Flem . B. A. 439, 1828.

Crassatellaceae, part., Menke, Syn. 65, 1828.

Crassatellacea, part., Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 108, 1830.

? Mactradae, part., Fleming, B. A. 409.

Mactrina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 218.

Cycladea, part., Moller, Isis, 1832, 135.

Veneriadae, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272,
1847.

Cyprinidae, part., Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll.

1. Astarte.

Astarte (Danmoniensis), J. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 137, 1816 ; La-
jonkaire, Monog. 1823 ; Scacchi, Osserv. Zool. 1833 ; Flem.
B. A. 409, 439 ; Rang, Man. 314 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 38,
ii. 29 ; Wiegm. Arch. 1839, i. 125; Abbild. ii. 55, 60; D’Orb.
Pal. Frang. 1845 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 450.
Crassina (Danmoniensis), Lamk. Hist. Nat. v. 554, 1818, ed. 2.
vi. 255 ; Feruss. Tabl. Syst. 42, 1821 ; Blainv. Mai. 557 ;
Cuvier, R. A. iii. ; Swainson, Mai. 372.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

91

Goodallia (triangularis), Turton, Bivalves , 77? 1822; Flem.B. A.

409, 429, 1828; Recluz , Rev. Zool. 1844, 246.

Mactrina (triangularis). Brown , III. Conch. G.B. 1827 (not Milne -
Edwards, Sfc.).

Nicania (Banksii), Leach , Journ. Phys. 1819, Ixxxviii. 465, in
Ross’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, ii. 176, 1819 ; Isis, 1820, 130 ; Gray,
Parry’s Voy. ; Blainv. Malac. 55 8.

Venus, § 2, Blainv. Malac. 558, 1825.

Mactra, sp., Montagu, T. B. ; Leach, MSS. 1818.

Venus, sp., Montagu, T. B. ; Leach, MSS. 1818.

Tellina, sp. ( ), Poli, Test. Sicil.

Cypricardia, sp. (modiolaris), Lamk. Hist. 1819.

Peronea, sp., Poli, Test. Sicil.

1. Astarte sulcata.

Pectunculus sulcatus. Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 192 (1778).
Pectunculus truncatus, Da Costa, B. C. 195?

Venus borealis, part., Chemn. vii. 26. t. 39. f. 413.

Venus Danmonia, Mont. T. B. Supp. 45. t. 29. f. 4 (1808); Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 167 ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 21; Leach, Ann. fyMag.
N. H. xx. 272.

Crassina danmoniensis, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 257 ; Crouch, Intr.
Conch, t. 6. f. 7 ; Thorpe, M. C. 80 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B.
95. t. 38. f. 1; Delessert, Rec. Coq. t. 7- f. 1.

Astarte Danmoniensis, Sow. Gen. Shells, Astarte, f. 1-3 ; Loven,
I. M. 36, 272 ; Flem. Brit. An. 440 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd.
258; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 412. 39 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 66.
f. 1-3; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 110.

Venus sulcata, Turt. Conch. Diet . 235.

Crassina sulcata, Turt. Biv. 131. t. 11. f. 1, 2; Hanley, Recent
Shells, i. 87-

Astarte sulcata, Flem. B. A. 439 ; Macgilliv . Moll. Aberd. 250 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 247 ; Philippi, Abbild. und Bes. ii. 56,
Astarte, t. 1. f. 4; Forbes Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 452. t. 30.
f . 6 ; t. M. f. 5, animal.

Astarte vulgaris, Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 44.

Crassine crassatellee, Chenu , Traite Elem. f. 232, 233.
a — p. British.

q. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

r. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
s — x. Northumberland.

Var. 1. Margin quite entire.

Venus Scotica, M. fy R. Linn. Trans. (1807) viii. 81. t. 2. f. 3;
Mont. T. B. Supp. 44 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 236 ; Brit. Faun.
159. no. 278 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 360; Dillw. Rec. Shells,
i. 167; Ind. Test. t. 7. f. 20; Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N.H. xx. 272.

92

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Astarte Scotica, Flem. Brit. An. 440 ; Loven, I. M. Skand. 36 .
no. 273 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 258 ; Philippi, Abbild. und
Bes. ii. 56, Astarte , 1. 1. f. 3.

Crassina Scotica, Leach, Ross’s Voy. 175; Turt. Biv. 130. t. 11.
f. 3, 4 ; Thorpe, Brit. M. Conch. 79 ; Brown, III. C. 1. 18. f. 9,
2nd ed. 95. t. 38. f. 9 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 87.

Astarte pallida, Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 44.

Ast. Danmoniensis, junior var., Forbes, M. G. S. i. 412. 39.
a — l. British.

m — p. Scotland (under name of A. semisulcata).
q — v. Scotland.

2. Astarte crebricostata.

Astarte crebricostata, Mi Andrew Sf Forbes, Ann. N. H. 1847, xix.
98. t. 9. f. 4 ; Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xix. 314 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 456. t. 30. f. 9.

Inhab. Isle of Skye. Messrs. M‘ Andrew Sf Jeffreys.

3. Astarte elliptica.

Crassina elliptica. Brown, III. Conch. 96. t. 38. f. 3; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 246. f. 107 (not well) ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
Supp. t. L4. f. 36 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 412. 38.

Astarte elliptica, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 259 ; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 459. t. 30. f. 8.

Crassina ovata, Brown (not Smith), Edinb. Journ. N. Sf G. Sc. i.

12. t. 1. f. 8, 9 ; III. Conch. G. B. 96. t. 35. f. 12, 13.

Crass, depressa. Brown, III. Conch, t. 18. f. 2 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 260.

? C. semisulcata, Jeffreys , MSS. Conch. Mag. 44 (not Leach,
Ross’s Voy.); Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 37 (from type); Moller,
Ind. Moll. Green, (from type) ; Philippi, Abbild. und Bes. ii. 57,
Astarte, t. 1. f. 10.

C. Gairensis, Nichol, MSS.

C. sulcata, Nilsson (not Maton, Turton, nor Lamk.), Nov. Act.

Holm. 1822, 187. t. 2. f. 1, 2.

Astarte semisulcata, Loven, 37. 274.

a (Crassina Gairensis, Nichol). Loch Gair. Presented by
W. Nichol, Esq.

4. Astarte semisulcata.

Crassina semisulcata, Leach, in Ross’s Voy. App. 175, not Loven.
C. arctica. Gray, Append. Parry’s Voy. (from types) ; Hanley,
Rec . Shells, i. 88.

Astarte borealis, Philippi, Abbild. und Bes. ii. 58, Astarte, t. 1.
f. 11; Mi Andrew Sf Forbes, Ann. N* H. 1847, xix. 98; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 412. 37.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

93

Venus borealis, Chemn. (not Linn.) Conch. Cab. vii. t. 39. f. 412
(fide Loven).

Venus compressa, Mont. Test. Brit. Supp. (not descr.) t. 26,
lower f. 1, 1.

Crassina borealis, Nilsson , Nov. Act. Holm. 1822, 188. t. 2. f. 3, 4;
Philippi, Abbild.

Astarte cyprinoides, Duval, Rev. Zool. 1841, 278; Hanley, Rec .

Shells, Supp. t. 14. f. 40.

A. plana, Sow. M. C. t. 179. f. 2.

Astarte compressa, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 261; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 247.

Crassina Withami, Brown Sf Smith, Wern. Mem. viii. t. 1. f. 24,
25.

Crassina compressa, Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 96. t. 38. f. 4, 5.
Crassina corrugata. Brown, l. c. 96. t. 40. f. 24.

Astarte corrugata, Loven, Ind. Moll. SJcand. 37 (from type).
Astarte arctica, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 461. t. 30. f. 7.
a (single dead valve). Scotland. Dr. Fleming.

5. Astarte compressa.

Venus compressa, Mont. T. B. Supp. 43. t. 26. f, 1.

Cyprina compressa, Turt. Biv. 137* t. 11. f. 22, 23.

Astarte compressa, Flem. B. A. 440 (not Macgilliv.) ; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 413. 41 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 464. t. 30.
f. 1-3.

Crassina compressa, Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 80.

Venus Montagui, Dillw. R. S. i. 167; Turt. Conch. Diet. 243;
Ind. Testae, t. 7- f. 19.

Crassina Montagui, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, 136 ; Hanley, Rec .
Shells, i. 88.

Venus montacuta, Turt. C. Diet. 243.

Astarte multicostata, Macgilliv. Aberd.26 0(not Smith, Wern.M.);

Philippi, Abbild. und Besch. ii. 59, Astarte, 1. 1. f. 8.

Crassina obliqua, Brown, III. C. t. 18. f. 6.

Crassina convexiuscula. Brown, III. C. 1. 18. f. 7*

Astarte striata, Brown, III. C. 1. 18. f. 8, ed. 2. 96. t. 38. f. 6-8 ;

Loven, Ind. Moll. SJcand. 37.

A. angulata. Woodward, Geol. Norf.

Astarte Banksii, Loven (not Leach nor Hanley), Ind. Moll. SJcand.
38 (from specimens).

a — e. Oban and Inverary.

/ — h. Scotland.

i (Crassina obliqua, Brown). Firth of Forth.
j(Crassina convexiuscula, Brown). Firth of Forth.

Jc — q . Coast of Northumberland.

94

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

r, s. Cullercoats, Northumberland. Presented by J. Frver,
Esq.

t. Firth of Forth (Astarte striata, Brown). '
u — z, var. Oban.

a a, bb. Berwick on Tweed. Presented by Dr. George
Johnston.

c c — n n. Firth of Forth.

o o — r r , var. ? Hebrides. Presented by R. M ‘Andrew, Esq.
ss — w w (Crassina triangularis). Britain.

6. Astarte striata.

Nicania striata, Leach, Ross’s Voy.App. 170 (1819).

Crassina striata, Gray , Zool. Beechey’s Voy. t. 44. f . 9 (fide spec.).
(? Astarte) striata, Mbller (not Sowerby, 1822) ; Loven, I. M. 37.
2 76.

Astarte multicostata, Smith , Wern. Mem.; Macgilliv .Moll. Aberd.

260; Philippi, Abbild. ii. 59. 1. 1. f. 8.

Cyprina compressa, Turton, Biv. 137 (not Montagu ).

Astarte pulchella, Jon.

Inhab. * ?

7. Astarte triangularis.

Mactra triangularis, Mont. T. B. 99. t. 3. f . 5 ; Ind. Test. t. 6,
Mactra, f. 28; Leach, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 273; Mat. Sf
Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 72; Turt. Conch. Diet. 82; Brit.
Faun. 155. no. 245; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 143.

Goodallia triangularis, Turt. Biv. 77 • t. 6. f. 14 ; Flem. B. A. 429;

Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 290; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 49.
Crassina triangularis, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Mactrina triangularis. Brown, III. C. 1. 16. f. 25, ed. 2. 108. t. 40.
f. 25.

Astarte triangularis, Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. viii. 166; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 467. t. 30. f. 4, 5.

Mactra minutissima, Mont. T. B. Supp. 37 ; Turt. Conch. Diet.
83 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 143.

Goodallia minutissima, Turt. Biv. 77. t. 6. f. 15 ; Flem. B. A. 429 ;

Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 290 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 50.
Crassina minutissima. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Mactrina minutissima. Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 108. t. 42. f. 25, 26.
a — d (Mactra triangularis). Britain. Mus. Mont.?
e — m. Scotland.
n — t. Britain.

u— z. Hebrides. Presented by R. M ‘Andrew, Esq.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

95

Fam. 2. Glossid^.

Glossidse, Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 195.

Glossus or Glossoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Isocardiadae, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 80, 91.

Les Cardiacees, part., Lamk. Cours, 106, 1812 ; Hist. vi. 30, ed. 2.
vi. 385.

Bucardes on Cardiaces, part., Feruss. Prod. 43.

Cardiacea, part., Menke , Syn. 109; Alton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Camaces, § 2, Rang, Man. Moll. 300.

Veneridia Isoperia, Rafin. 1815.

Veneriadse, part., Leach , MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1847,
xx. 272.

1. Glossus.

Glossus or Glossoderma (Cor), Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. 114, 253,1795 ;
Oken, Zool. 1815 ; Blainv. D. S. N. xix. 74 ; Gray, P. Z. S.
1848, 195.

Isocardia (Cor), Lamk. Prod. 1799 (not Klein, 1753), Syst. 118,
1801; Phil. Zool. 1809; Hist. vi. 30. 1819, ed. 2. vi. 443;
Cuvier, Anat. Comp. 1800; Regn. Anim.; Roissy, Moll. vi. 381;
Desk. E. M. iii. 321; Flem. B. A. 408, 419; Swains. Malac.
374 ; Leach, Ann. fy Mag. N. H . xx. 272 ; Forbes Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 472.

Isocardium, Risso, Eur. Merid. iv. 331; Blainv. Malac. 545.
Bucardium (Cor), Muhlf. Entw. 52. 1811, not D9Argenv. 1757.
Bucardia, Lister, Coch. Ang. 1678.

Concha cordiformis, Gualter.

Cardita, sp. (Cor), Brug. E. M. i. 403.

Trapezium, sp.. Humph. Mus. Calonn.

1. Glossus Cor.

Cardium humanum, Linn. S. N. ed. 10. 682.

Chama Cor, Linn. S. N . ed. 12, 1137; Mus. Ulric. 516; Chemn .
Conch. Cab. vii. t. 48. f. 483 ; Mont. T. B. 134, 578, Supp. 50 ;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 212 ; Don. B. Shells, iv. t. 134; Laskey,
Mem. Wern. Soc. i. t. 8. f. 7; Turt. Conch. Diet. 32. 1. 17; Brit.
Faun. 160. no. 281; Brown, Mem. Wern. Soc. ii. 511 & 535;
Ind. Test. t. 9, Chama, f. 1 ; Born , Mus. Cces. 80 ; Poli, Test.
Sic. ii. 213. t. 23. f. 1-3.

Isocardia Cor, E. M. t. 232. f. 1 ; Lamk. Hist. A. s.V. v. 2nd ed. vi.
445 ; Turton, Biv. 193. 1. 14; Desh. Enc. Meth. Vers, ii. 321, &
Elem. Conch, t. 23. f. 10, 11; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 78. f. 1, 2;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 150. t. 9, Chama, f. 1 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar .
Conch. 100; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 69. f. 2; Crouch. Introd.
Conch, t. 8. f. 7 ; Flem. Brit. An. 419 ; Bulwer, Zool . Journ .

96

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

ii. 258 ; Supp. 1. 15 (animal); Sow. Gen. Shells, Isocard. f. 1, 2 ;
Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 56 & ii. 41; Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 23,
24, 2nd ed. 86. t. 30. f. 9, t. 30*. f. 5; Leach, Ann. fy Mag.
N.H . xx. 1847, 272; Loren, I. M. 36; Forbes fy Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 472. t. 34. f. 2; t. N. f. 6 (animal).

Cardita Cor, Bruguiere, Enc. Meth. Vers, i. 403.

Glossus rubicundus=Glossoderma Cor, Poli, ii. 253, 258.
Isocardia Hibernica, Bulwer, Zool: Journ. ; Reeve, Conch. Icon.
Isocard. 1. 1. f. 4.

Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 275; Gualtieri, Ind. Test. t. 71. f. E;
Ginanni, Op. post. ii. t. 19. f. 129; Knorr, Delic. des Yeux,
pt. vi. t. 8. f. 1.

a. Bantry Bay. Presented by S. Drummond, Esq.

b, c. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

d. Cork. Presented by Miss Elliot.

e. Dublin Bay. Presented by J. Warren, Esq.

f. North Foreland. Mus. Mont.

Fam. 3. Lucinib^e.

Lucinidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 80, 91; Proc. Zool. Soc.
1848, 195; Rev. Zool. 1844, 449; D’Orb. Moll. Canar. 1837 ;
Pal. Frang. 1845; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 41.
Lucinadae, Fleming, B. A. 409, 441, 1828.

Loripes or Loripoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Les Mactracees, part., and Les Conques, part., Lamk. Cours, 107,
1812.

Les Nymphacees, part., Lamk. Hist.v. 509, ed. 2. vi. 165 ; Feruss.
Prod. 43.

Conchaces, § 2, part.. Rang, Man. Moll. 302.

Nymphacea, part., Menke, Syn. 111.

Lucinacea, part., Alton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.

Tellinina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 215.

Lucineae (Les Lucines), Desh. Ency. Meth. iii. 1830; Herrmann -
sen, Ind. 630.

Veneriadae, part., Leach, MSS. 1 818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
1. Lucina.

Lucina (Jamaieensis), Brug . E. Meth. t. 284, 1792 (not Meigen);
Lamk. Prod. 1799 ; Syst. A. s. V. 124, 1801; Ann. Mus. vii.
236 ; Phil. Zool. 1809 ; Hist . A. s. V. v. 538, ed. 2. vi. 219;
Cuvier, R. A. 1817 ; Sow. Gen.-, Flem. B. A. 441, 1828 ; Blainv.
Malac. 550, 1825 ; Rang, Man. 308 ; Desh. E. M. iii. 371 ;
_DJ Orb. Moll. Canar.-, Swainson, Malac. 371; Valenc. Comptes
Rendus, xx. 23, 1845; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xvi. 41; Forbes 8f
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 43.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

97

Phaeoides (Jamaieensis), Blainv. Malac. 1825.

Lucina (Pensylvanica), Schum. Essai, 164, 1817-

Tridonta (borealis), Schumach. Essai, 14 6, 1817 ; Schmidt . Mus.

Goth. ; Moller, Isis, 1822, 135.

Triodonta (borealis), Agassiz, Nomenclat.

Thyatira (lactea), Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H . xx.
1847, 372.

Tbiatira (spuria), Leach, MSS. 1819.

Thiatyra (spuria), G. Sow. Man. Moll.

Strigilla (divaricata), Turton, Bivalves, 117-
Strigella divaricata. Gray, Syn. B. M. 1842, 91; Proc . Z. S. 1847,
195 (misprint).

Cyracliaea (spinifera), Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H.
xx. 1847, 272.

Cyrachnsea (spinifera), Leach, MSS. 1819 ; Gray, Ann. Sf Mag.

N. H. 1848 ; Proc. Z. Soc. 1847, 195 (misprint).

Myrtea (spinifera), Turton, Bivalves, 133,1822 ; Flem. B. A. 443;

Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 25 ; G. Sow. Man. ed. 2. 197.

Ortygia, sp. (spinifera), Brown, III. Conch. G. B.

* Triodonta.

1. Lucina borealis.

Venus borealis, Linn. S. N. ed, 12. 1134. no. 143 (not Syn.);
Donov. B. S. iv. t. 130.

Tellina radula, Mont . T. B. 68. t. 2. f. 1, 2 — 567 ; Wood, Gen.
Conch. 183. t. 42. f. 4, 5; Linn. Trans, viii. 84; Turt. Conch .
Diet. 175; Brit. Faun. 151. no. 211; Ind. Test, t. 4. f. 71.
Lucina radula, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 225 ; Flem. Brit. An. 441;
Turton, Biv. 116 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 75 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 73 ; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 98. t. 39. f. 8, 9 ; Philippi,
Moll. Sic. i. 35. t. 3. f. 17, ii. 25; Gould, Invert. Mass. 69;
Macgill . Moll. Aherd. 255 ; Forbes , M. G. S. i. 412. 34.
Lucina alba (young), Turt. Brit. Biv. 114. t. 7. f* 6, 7 ; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 72.

Venus spuria, Gmel. S. N.; Chemn. vii. f. 399 ; Dillw. R. S. 194.
Lucina antiquata. Sow. M. C. t. 557. f. 2.

Lucina borealis, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 46. t. 35. f. 5 ;

t. M. f. 6, animal.

Thyatira (Loripes) radula, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann . Mag . N. H.
xx. 1847, 272.

? Britain.
ij t . J

u. Bantry Bay. Presented by Miss Warne.

v. Ireland.

w. Teignmouth. Presented by J. B. Harvey, Esq.
x — z ? Northumberland.

E

98

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

** Strigilla.

2. Lucina divaricata.

Tellina divaricata, Linn. ed. 12. 1120; Chemn. f. 129; Wood, G.
Conch. 195. t. 46. f. 6 (not Turt. Conch. Bid. 178); Spengler ,
SJcrivt. Nat. Selsk. iv. pt. 2. 117 (notvars.).

Lucina divaricata, Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 76; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. ii. 52. t. 35. f. 3.

L. arcuata, Flem. Brit. An. 442.

Cardium arcuatum, Mont, (not Reeve) T. B. 85. t. 3. f. 2; Linn.

Trans, viii. 67; Wood, Gen. Conch. 213.

Lucina commutata, Philippi, i. 32. t. 3. f. 15, ii. 25.

Loripes? divaricatus, Scacchi, Cat. i. 5.

Xnhab. Falmouth Harbour; sand.

*** Myrtea.

3. Lucina spinifera.

Venus spinifera, Mont. T. B. 577- 1. 17- f. 1; Linn. Trans, viii.
78; Turt. Conch. Bid. 231; Brit. Faun. 160. no. 279 ; Billw.
Rec. Shells, i. 163 ; Ind . Test. t. 7 . f. 11.

Lucina spinifera, Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 43 ; Ann. Nat. Hist. xix.
313; Thorpe, M. C. 74. f. 23; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 255;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 78; Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 25; Loven,
I. M. 38. 280 ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 49. t. 35. f. 1.
Myrtea spinifera, Turt. Biv. 133.

Ortygia spinifera, Brown, III. C. t. 20. f. 15, 16.

Lucina hiatelloides, Philippi, Sic. i. 32 ; Basterot.

Venus myrtea, Turt. Brit. Biv. 133 ; Flem. Brit. An. 433 ; Brown,
III. Conch. G. B. 98. t. 36. f. 15, 16, & t. 39. f. 14.

Cyrachsea spinifera, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. 18475
xx. 272; Gray, P. Z. Soc. 1847.
a, b. Bantry.

c. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

**** Clausina,

4. Lucina ferruginosa.

Kellia ferruginosa, Forbes, Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1843, 192.

Clausina ferruginosa, Jeffreys (not Brown), Ann. N. H. xx. 18,
1847.

Clausina abyssicola, Jeffreys (not Forbes), Ann . Nat. Hist. xx. 18.
Clausina Croulinensis, Jeffreys, Ann. N. H. xx. 19.

Cryptodon ferruginea, Alder, MSS.

Artemis ? ferruginosa, Jeffreys, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xix.1847* 313.
Lucina ferruginosa, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 60. t. 34.
f. 1 (magnified).
a — s. Inverary.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

99

2. Diplodonta.

Mysia, part, (rotundata), Leach, MSS . 1818, Ann. fyMag. N. H,
xx. 27 2; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 1827; Conrad, Tert. Foss.
30, 1838; Gray, Syn. B. M . 1840; P. Z. 8. 1847, 195 ; Menke,
Syn.e d. 2. 112, 1830; Des/L P.M. iii. 593.

Psammobia, sp., Fleming, B.A. 438.

Diplodonta, sp. (rotundata), Philippi, Sicil. i. 31, 1836, ii. 24,
1844; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 66.

? Egeria, sp.. Lea , Contrib. Geol. 49, 1833.

Loripes, sp., Cuvier, R. A.

Diplodonta (Lnpinus), Bronn, Ital. Tertiargeb. 9, 1831 ; Leth.

962, 1838; Nyst, Coq. Foss. Belg. 138, 1846.

? Sphserella (subreflexa), Conrad, Tert. Foss . 1838.

1. Diplodonta rotundata.

Tellina rotundata, Mont. T.B.7 1. 1. 2. f. 3 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 56 ;
Dorset Cat. 30. t. 5. f. 8; Turt. Conch. Diet. 176 ; Brit. Faun.
151. no. 214; Wood , Gen. Conch . 187 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i.
99 ; Ind. Test. t. 4. f. 77-
Psammobia rotundata, Flem. B.A. 438.

Lucina lactea?, Desh. E. M. Vers, ii. 374.

Lucina rotundata, Turt. Biv. 104. t. 7- f. 3 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar .
Conch. 73; Desh. Exp. Moree; Brown, III. Conch. G.B. 98.
t. 40. f. 11; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 76.

Tellina undata, Pulteney, Dorset, 30.

Mysia undata, Leach, MSS. 1818.

M. rotundata. Brown, III. C. t. 16. f. 11.

M, Montagui, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 1847,
272.

Diplodonta rotundata, Philippi , Sic. ii. 24 ; Forbes 8f Hanley,
Brit . Moll. ii. 66. t. 35. f. 6 ; t. M. f. 7, animal.

D. dilatata, Philippi, i. 31. t. 4. f. 7 .

Loripes rotundata, Cuv. Reg. An. ed. Crock, t. 103. f. 4.

Yenus fragilis (fossil), Nyst £f West, Bull. Brux. vi. 401. t. 3.
£.11.

a — e. Tenby.

f—j. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.
k, l. Bantry Bay.

m. Ditto. Presented by Miss Warne.
n — t. Tenby.

3. Thyatira.

Thyatira, part, (dexuosa), Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Mag. N. H,
xx. 1847, 272; Jeffreys, Conch. Mag.yo
Tbyasira (flexuosa), “Leach,” fide Lamk. Hist. vi. 492, 1818,
ed. 2. vi. 228; Gray , P. Z. S. 1847, 195.

100

BRITISH MOLLUSCA*

Thyaseira (flexuosa), “ Leach,’* fide Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. liv.
333.

Thiatyra (flexuosa), Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. 274. 1842.
Bequania (flexuosa), Leach, fide Brown, III. Conch. G. B.
Cryptodon (flexuosa), Turton, Bivalves , 121, 1822 (not Conrad,
1837); Flem. B. A. 442, 1828; Mbller, Ind. Moll. Green. 20,
1842 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 215.

Pty china (flexuosus), Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 15, 1836.

Ptychine (flexuosus), Agassiz, Nomenclat. Zool. 1846 (misprint).
Axinus (sp.), J. Sow. Min. Conch, t.314, 1823.

Axinus (flexuosus), King, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xiv. 1844, xviii. 242;

Loven, Ind. Moll. 38 ; G. Sow. Man. Moll. ed. 2. 78.

Tellina, sp., Mont. T. B.

Amphidesma, sp., Lamk. Hist.

Lucina, sp., Fleming, B.A.; Lamk. Hist .

1. Thyatira flexuosa.

Tellina flexuosa, Mont. T. B. 72 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 100 ; Wood, G.
Conch. 188. t. 47. f. 7? 8; Linn. Trans, viii. 56; Turt. Conch .
Diet. 177 ; Ind. Test. t. 4. f. 78.

Venus sinuosa, Donov. (not Penn.), Brit. Shells, ii. t. 42. f. 2.
Lucina sinuata, Lamk. H. N. 16. ed. 2. vi. 230; Hanley, Rec .
Shells, i. 77.

L. sinuosa, Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 74.

Lucina flexuosa, Flem. B. A. 442; Gould, Inv. Mass. 71. f. 52;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 411. 32; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
54. t. 35. f. 4.

Cryptodon flexuosa, Turt. Biv. 121. t, 7* L 9, 10 ; Macgill. Moll .

Aherd. 278; Brown, III. Conch. G.B. 99. t. 39. f. 4, 5.
Amphidesma flexuosa, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 128.

Thvasira flexuosa, “ Leach,” Lamk. Hist.

Thyatira flexuosa, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx.

272; Jeffreys, Conch. Mag. 42.

Pty china biplicata, Philippi, Sic. i. 15. t. 2. f. 4, ii. 11.

Axinus flexuosus, Loven, I.M. 38. 281; King, Ann. N. H. xviin
242.

“ Bequania flexuosa, Leach,” Brown, III. Conch,
a — i. Britain.
j — m. Ditto.

n — v. Dublin Bay. Presented by T. Warren, Esq.

4. Loripes.

Loripes or Loripoderma (lactea), Poli , Test. Sicil. i. 31, 1791,
ii. 253, 1795; Cuvier, R.A. iii. ; Feruss. Tabl. Syst. 43, 1821;
Blainv. Man. 551 ; Flem. B. A. 409, 430 ; Swains. Malac. 371 ;
Gray, Proc. Z. S. 1847, 195.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

101

Ligula (lactea), Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 121, 1830, not Montagu, 1808,
nor Leach , 1818.

Tellina A. (lactea), Megerle , Entw. 1811.

Thyatira, sp., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1847, xx.,
272.

Taras (antiquatus), Uisso, Eur. Merid. iv. ;

Ungulina (oblonga), Daudin, in Bose. Hist. Conch, iii. 76, 1802 ;
Roissy, Moll. vi. 374 ; Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809; Hist. A. s. V.
v. 488, 1818, ed. 2. vi. 120; Sow. Gen.; Blainv. Man. 562;
Desh. Ency. Meth. iii. 1830, t. 664, 1832; Ann. Sci . Nat.
1842 ; Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1843 ; Swainson, Malac. 371,1840 ;
Duvernoy, L’ Instil. 1841, 381, in Wiegm . Arch. 1842, ii. 404 ;
Gray, Syn . B. M. 1842, 80, 91 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 195.

1. Loripes leucoma.

Tellina lactea, Mont. T. B. 70. t. 2. f. 4 (not Linn. S. N. 1119) ;
Linn. Trans, viii. 56; Chemn. Conch. Cab. f. 125; Dillw. Rec .
Shells, i. 99; Ind. Test. t. 4 . f. 76; Pulteney Hutchins’ Dorset,
30; Dorset Cat. 30. t. 5. f. 9; Poli, t. 15. f. 28, 29; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 176; Brit. Faun. 151. no. 213; Wood, Gen.
Conch. 187.

Lucina lactea, Lamk . (not Philippi) Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 229 ; Han *
ley, Rec. Shells, i. 76 ; Turton, Biv. 112. t. 7. f. 4, 5 ; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 71 ; Thomps. Ann. N. H. xviii. 385 ; Brown,
III. Conch. G. B. 98. t. 39. f. 3.

Loripes lactea, Flem. B.A. 430; Menke, Cat.; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 256?; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 98. t. 39. f. 29; Blainv .
Man. Malac. t. 72. f. 1.

Amphidesma lucinalis, Lamk. 491, ed. 2. vi. 127 (fide Philippi ).
Lucina Desmarestii, Payr. 44. t. 1. f. 19, 20.

Lucina Ampliidesmoides, Desh. E. M. Vers, ii. 375.

Loripes orbiculat u s = L or ip o derm a lactea, Poli, ii. 253, 258.
Ligula lactea, Menke , Cat.

Lucina leucoma, Turton, Brit. Biv. 1 13. t. 7. f. 8 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 72; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 57. t. 35.
f. 2 (as L. lactea).

Thyatira (loripes) lactea, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.
xx. 1847, 272.
a — -j. Tenby?

Fam. 4, Unionise.

UnionidEe, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. II. 1847, xx. 2/2;
Flem. B. A. 408, 1828 ; Gray, in Turton’ s Man. ed. 2. 288, 1840;
Syn.B.M. 1840; 1842, 80, 91; Proc. Zool. Soc. 18 47, 196 ;
Swains. Malac. 259, 377-
Limnaea (Limnaeoderma), Poli , Test. Sicih

102

BRITISH MQLLUSCA.

(A. lamellipedes, Lamk.) — Les Nayades (and Les Trigonees,
part.), Lamk. Cour. 106, 1812 ; Hist. v. 67, ed. 2* vi. 524.
Nayades, Feruss. Prod. 42.

Byssiferia Limaridia, Rqftn.

Pediferia, Rafin. Mon. Biv. Ohio, ed. Chenu y Goldfuss.

Pedifera, Herrmanns. Ind. ii. 225.

Naiadea, Menke, Syn. 105; Anton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.
Submytilaces, part., Blainv. Man. ; Rang, Man. Moll. 293.
Mytilaees, part., Goldfuss.

Bnionina, Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 207 ; Agassiz , NomencL
Nniodia, Rafin. Mon. Biv. Ohio, 1820, ed. Chenu ; Feruss. Tab.
Syst. 42, 1821.

Bnioninae, Anodontinse and Alasmodontinse, Swains. Malac. 377*
Bnionidse, part., D’Orb. Pal. Frang. Tert. Cret. iii. 124, 1844.
Limnoconchse (Les Lymnoconques), part., Blainv. Diet . Sci.

Nat. xxxii. 323, 1824 ; Malac. 538, 1825.

Anodontidia and Alasmidia, Rafin. Mon. Biv. Ohio, 1820, ed.
Chenu .

1. Anodomta.

Anodonta (anatinus), Cuvier , Tab. Elem. 1798 ; Reg. Anim. 1817;
Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. 114, 1801; Hist. v. 1818, ed. 2. vi.
525, 562; Drag. Hist. 27. 20. 133, 1805 ; Leach, MSS. 1818,
Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1847, xx. 272.

Anodontites (anatinus), Brug. Journ. H. Nat. i. 1792; Ency.

Method, t. 201-205 ; Duvernoy, Diet. Sci. Nat. ii. 183, 1804.
Anodon (anatinus), Oken, Lehrb. d. Zool. i. 238, 1815 (not
Klein) ; Sow. Gen. t. ; Spix, Test. Bras „ 17 ; Fleming, B. A.
408, 415, 1828 ; Turton, Bivalves , 240 ; Gray, Tur ton’s Man .
ed. 2. 289; Swains. Malac. 381.

Limelia (anatinus), Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Limnsea and Lymnaeoderma, part.. Poll, Test. Sicil.

Mytilus, § a. (anatinus), Schum. Essai, 1817-
Glochidium (anatinus, very young), Rathke.

Stropliitus (sp.), Rafinesque, Mon. Biv. Ohio.

Lastena (sp.), Rafinesque , l. c.

Patularia (ovata), Swains. Malac. 1840.

1. Anodonta cygnea.

Mytilus cygneus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 1158. Sfc. Sfc.; Mon-
tagu, Test. Brit. 170; Turt. Conch. Diet. 115.

Anodonta cygnea, Drap. Moll. France, t. 11. f. 6, t. 12. f. 1 ;
Thompson, Ann , N. H. vi. 197; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll.
ii. 155.

Anodon anatinus, Macgilliv . Moll . Aberd. 241.

Lymnsea fusca, Poll, Test. Sicil. ii. 253-259.

Sympbonota cygnea, Lea, Obs. on Unio, i. 70.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

103

Var. 1. Cellensis, Gray , Turt. Man, ed. 2. 289.

Mytilus Cellensis, Schroeter, Flussconch . t. 2. f. L

Mytilus Zellensis, Gmel. S. N. 3362, from Schroet,

Mytilus anatinus, Penn. B. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 97. t. 68. f. 79 ; Mat.
Sf RacJc. Linn. Trans, viii. t. 3 A. f. 1 ; Sheppard , Linn. Trans .
xiii. t. 5. f. 5 ; F/em. Edin. Encyclop. vii. t. 204. f. 4 ; Wood ,
hid. Test. t. 12, Mytilus , f. 33.

Anodonta sulcata, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. v. 85, ed. 2. vi. 566 ; Nils-
son, Moll. Suec. 113.

Anodon Cygneus, Turton , Man. ed. 1 . f. 8, ed. 2, Gray , t. 1 . f. 8 ;
Drop. Moll. i. 12. f. 1 ?; Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 28. (erroneously
27) f. 1.

Anodouta cygnea, Forhes Sf Hanley, l. c. t. 41.

Anodouta Cellensis, Pfeiff. Deutsch . Land Sf Sussw. Moll. i. 110.
t. 6. f. 1, ii. t. 6. f. 1-6; Rossmas. Icon. iv. 22. t. 19. f. 280;
Kuster, Chemn. Naiadea, 16. t. A. f. 1, 2 (female), t. 4. f. 3,
t. 5. f. 1-4, t. 6. f. 1 (male) ; Sturm, Deutsch. Faun . vi. abtli. i.
t. 5. f. 5, 6.

? Anodon paludosus, Turton, Biv. 240. t. 15. f. 6.

Distorted — Mytilus dentatus, Turton, Diet.

Var. 2. Stagnalis, Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. 290.

Mytilus stagnalis. Sow. Brit. Miscell. 1. 16, Sf Brit. Mus .; Tur-
ton, Brit. Faun. 165. no. 317 ; Conch. Diet. 115 ; ? Dillw. R. S.
i. 316.

Anodouta cygnea, var. [3. stagnalis, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf
Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Var. 3. Cygnea, Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. 290, fig. p. 288 ; Forhes
Sf Hanley, l. c. t. 40. f. 2. & t. Q. f. 3, 3 a, animal.

Mytilus cygneus, Schroeter, Flussconch. t. 3. f . 1 ; Penn. B. Z.
ed. 4. iv. 96. t. 67. f. 78; Donov. B. S. ii. 55; Mat. Sf Rack .
Linn. Trans, viii. t. 3 a. f. 2 ; Sheppard, Linn. Trans, xiii. t. 5.
f. 3 ; Wood, Ind. Test. 1. 12, Mytilus, f. 32 ; Dillw. R. S. 315 ;
Flem. Ed. Encyc. vii. t. 205. f. 16.

Anodonta cygnea, Pfeiff. Deutsch. Land Sf Sussw. Moll. i. 111.
t. 6. f. 4, ii. t. 6; Rossmas. Icon. i. 111. t. 3. f. 67, v. t. 25.
f. 342; Brard, Coq. de Paris, t. 10; Brown, III. C. G. B . t. 28.
f. 1; ? Lamk. Hist. vi. 564.

Mytilus stagnalis, Schroeter, Flussconch. 1. 1. f. 1; Gmel. S. N .
3362 (from Schroeter).

Mytilus anatinus, var. j3, Sturm, Deutsch. Faun. i.

Var. 4. Piscinalis, Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. 290.

Mytilus macula, young, Sheppard, Linn. Trans, xiii. t. 5. f. 6.

Anodonta piscinalis, Nilsson, Moll. Suec. 113. no. 3; Schroeter,
Flussconch. t. 3. f. 1 ?; Drap. Moll. terr. et fluv . t. 12. f. 2;

104

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Rossmas. Icon. t. 19. f. 281, t. 30. f. 416 var. Kuster , Chemn .
Naiadea, t. 3. f. 4, 5.

Anodonta ventricosa, Pfeiff. Land Sf Sussw. Moll. ii. 30. t. 3.

f. 1-6; Kickx, Moll. Brab. 80.

Var. 5. Rostrata, Gray , Turt. Man. ed. 2. 291.

Anodonta rostrata, Kokeil, MSS. Rossmas. Icon. iv. t. 20. f. 284,
xi. t. 54. f. 737 ; Held, Isis, 1836, heft iv. 280 ; Kuster, Chemn.
Naiadea, 14. t. 4. f. 2.

Anodonta cj^gnea, var. rostrata. Brown, III. C. G. B. 81.
Anodonta Confervigera, Schluter, Museum (fide Kuster).

Var. 6. Complanata, Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. 291, fig.
Anodonta complanata, Ziegler, MSS. Rossmas. Icon. i. 112. t. 3.
f. 68, iv. 24. t. 20. f. 283; Kuster, Chemn. Naiadea, 12. t. 3.
f. 2, 3.

Anodonta compressa, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 106.

An. rhomboidea, Schluter, Mus. (fide Kuster).

An. intermedia, Lamk . Hist. ed. 2. vi. 568 ; Pfeiff. Land Sf Sussw.
Moll. i. 113. t. 6. f. 3, ii. t. 5. f. 1, 6 ; Kenyon, Mag. Nat. Hist .
i. f. 188 ; ? Nilsson, Moll. Suec. 117.

Var. 7- Avonensis, Gray, Turt. Man. ed.. 2. 291; Forbes Sf Han-
ley, l. c. t. 40. f. 3.

Anodonta ponclerosa, Pfeiffer, Land Sf Sussw. Moll. ii. 31. t. 4.
f. 1-6 ; Rossmas. Icon. iv. t. 20. f. 282 ; Kickx, Moll. Brabant ,
81 ; Kuster, Chemn. Naiadea, 13. t. 4. f. 1.

Mytilus cygneus, var. /3, Mat. Sf Rack. Linn . Trans, viii. t. 3 a.
f. 3.

Mytilus incrassatus, Sheppard, Linn. Trans, xiii. t. 5. f. 4.
Mytilus Avonensis, Mont . T. B. 172; Turt. Conch. Diet. 116;
Brit. Faun. 163. no. 319; Wood, Ind. Test. t. 12, Mytilus ,
f. 34.

Mytilus anatinus, var. Avonensis, Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii.
t. 3 a. f.4.

Anodon Avonensis, Turt. Brit. Biv. 241.

Anodonta cygnea, var. S. Avonensis, Leach , MSS. Ann. Sf Mag.
N. H. xx. 272.

Anodon cygneus, var. Avonensis, Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 29. f. 2.
Anodonta crassa, Marks, MSS. in Turt. Man. ed. 2. 202.

Var. 8. Gray, Turt. Man. ed. 2. 292.

Anodonta anatina, Pfeiffer, Land Sf Sussw. Moll. i. 112. t. 6. f. 2 ;
Schroeter, Flussconch. t. 1. f. 3; Rossmas. Icon. t. 30. f. 417—
420; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 565; Flem. B. A. 415 ; Sow. Gen.
fig.; Reeve, Conch . Syst. 1-91; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 216;
Kuster, Chemn. Naiadea, t. 3. f. 6.

Anodonta cygnea, var. y. anatina, Leach , MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag.
N. H. xx. 272.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

105

Mytilus anatinus, Da Costa , Brit. Conch . 215. t. 15. f. 2 ; Mont.
T. B. 171 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab . viii. t. 86. f. 763 ; Dillw. R . S.
i. 317.

Grand moule des etangs, Geoff. Coq. Paris , t. 3.
a — e (A, Cellensis). New River, near London.

/ (A. stagnalis). England. From Mr. Sowerby’s Collection.
g. (?) Warwickshire. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.
h—j (A. cygnea). New River, London, and Wiltshire.
k — q (A. piscinalis). Near Yarmouth, and River Bure, Nor-
folk.

r — w (A. complanata). England.
x — b b (A. rostrata). Liverpool.

c c (A. anatina). River Tay. Presented by Rev. Dr. Fleming.
dd, ee (ditto). Wiltshire. Presented by Miss Benett.
//(ditto). Surrey Canal Docks.
gg — mm (?). River Brent, at Hendon, Middlesex.
nn (?). Tisbury, Wiltshire. Presented by Miss Benett.

00 — s s (A. Avonensis). Ditto. Ditto.

1 1. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto.

2. Margaritana.

Margaritana (margaritifera), Schum. Essai, 123, 1817; Lea, Trans .
Amer. Soc. vi. 1838 ; Observ. ii. 118, 134 ; Swains. Malac, 288,
382, 1840 ; Troschel , Wiegm. Handb. Zool. ed. 2. 587 ; Gray ,
P.Z. S. 1847, 196.

Unionidium (margaritifera), Mus. Bert. 1818.

Baphia, sp., Meuschen , Mus . Gevers. 1787-

Damalis (margaritifera), Leach , MSS. 1818, Ann. SfMag . N. H .

1847, xx. 273 ; Swainson , Malac. ; Gray , P. Z. S. 1847, 196.
Damaris (margaritifera), Leach , MSS. 1818, in Gray, Tart on,
Man. ed. 2. 293 (misprint?).

Unio (margaritifera), Oken, Zool. 387, 1815; Isis , 1817, 1167 ;

Turton , Bivalves, 249, 1822.

Unio, sp., Lamk. Hist. vi. 1818.

Mya, sp., Linn. S. N.

Unio (littoralis), Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. 114, 1801.

Potamida (sinuata), Swains. Malac. 1840.

Complanaria (gigas), Swains. Malac. 1840.

Uniopsis (mytiloides), Swains. Malac. 1840.

Alasmodonta (undulatus). Say, Nicholson’s Encyclopedia; Trans .
Amer. Phil. Soc. i. 459, 1820 ; Desh. Ency. Meth. ii. 14 ; Fe-
russac, Tab. Syst. 1819.

Alasmidonta, Rajin. Monog. Biv. Ohio , 1829; Blainv. Malac .
630, 1825.

Anelasmodonta, Herrmanns en, Ind. 27.

Alasmodon (margaritifera), Flem . Brit. Anim. 417, 1828; Gray,

E 5

106

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

in Turton, Man. ed. 2. 293 ; Sow. Man . ed. 2. 61 ; Swainson ,
Malac. 382, 1840.

Alasmedonta, Gray.

Alasmesodonta, Blainv. Man. 1825.

Monodonta, Say , Nicholson’s Encyc ., Article Conchology , 1817
(not LamJc. nor Bronn).

Symphonota (alata), sp., Lea, Amer. Phil. Trans .

Lymnadea (alata), Swainson, Malac. 1840.

L Margaritana margaritifera.

Mya margaritifera, Linn. Faun. Suec. ed. 2. 516; Syst. Nat.
ed. 10. 671, & ed. 12. 1112; List. Conch. 149. f. 4; Schroet .
Flussc. 168. t. 4. f. 1; Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 67. t. 43.
f. 18; Da Costa , Brit. Conch. 225. t. 15. f. 3; Donov. Brit.
Sh. iii. 73 ; Mont. Test. Brit. 33. 561 ; Mat. fy Rack. Linn.
Trans, viii. 40; Muller, Verm. 210; Turt. Conch. Diet. 106.
£..47; Brit. Faun. 146. no. 178; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 15.
t. 1. f. 5 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 52 ; Ind. Test. t. 2, Mya, f. 30.
Damalis margaritifera, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H.
xx. 273.

Unio margaritiferus, Retz. Nov. Gen. 16; Nilsson, 103. n. 1;
Turton, Biv. 242. 1. 16. f. 1; Man. ed. 1. 19. t. 2. f. 9 ; Forbes,
Malac. Monens. 44 ; Spengler, Skrivt. Nat. Selsk. Kibb. iii.
pt. 1. 52; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 213 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. ii. 146. t. 38 (as Alasmodonta margaritifera).

Unio margaritifera, Drap. 132. t. 10. f. 17-19, t. 11? f. 5?;
Pfeiffer, i. 116. t. 5. f. 11 ; Nilsson, Moll. Suec. T. et FI. 103 ;
Kickx, Moll. Brab. 82 ; Rossmas. Icon. pt. i. 120. t. 4. f. 71-74,
& pt. ii. t. 8. f. 129.

Unio sinuata, Lamk. H. vi. 70 ; Pfeiffer, ii. 33. t. 7- f. 4.
Alasmodonta arcuata, Barnes, Silliman’s Journal, vi. 277* t. 12.

f. 20; Gould, Inv. Mass. 113. f. 75.

Margaritana margaritifera, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. vi. 135.
Unio elongatus, Nilsson, 106. 11. 2 ; Lamk . Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 531 .
Unio elongata, Mich. Compl. 113. t. 16. f. 29 ; Gras , Moll. T. et
FI. France, App. 22.

Unio Roissyi, Mich. Compl. 112. t. 16. f. 28; Rep. Brit. Assoc,
for 1838.

Unio margaritifera, forma Roissyi, Forbes, Malac. Mon. 44.
Alasmodon margaritifemm, Fleming, B. A. 417-
Alasmodon margaritiferus. Gray, Man. L. 8f F. W. Shells, 293.
t. 2. f . 9 ; Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. 197 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. 242; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 83. t. 30. f. 1-4, t. 31.
f. 1, 2, t. 32, f. 13-15.

Young. With small, posterior, lateral teeth like Unio.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

10/

Unio riparia, Pfeiffer , ii. t. 5. f. 13?

Unio margaritifera, Pfeiffer, ii. t. / • f. 1.

a — d. River Conway, North Wales. Presented by Richard
Williams, Esq.

e. Thornton Craven, Yorkshire. Presented by W. Gilbert-
son. Esq.

/, g. River Reed, Northumberland.
h, i. Aberdeen.
j, Jc. Aveton, Gifford River.

l. Loch Tay.

m. River Bann.

n. Shetland. Presented by R. T. C. Scott, Esq.

o. Britain, with pearls.
p — r (jun.). Britain.

3. Unio.

Unio (pictorum), Retz. Diss. Phys. 16, 1788 ; Rrug , Journ. H. N,
i. 17^2; Encyc. Meth. t. 247 ; Spengler, Skrivt . N. Selsk. iii.
53, 1783; Schumacher, Essai, 137, 1817 ; Leach, MSS . 1818,
Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xx. 272.

Mya (pictorum). Humph. Mus. Calonn. 1797-
Unionea ( ), Rafin. 1815.

Mysca (pictorum), Turton, Bivalves, 244, 1822 ; Swains. Malac.
276, 378.

Mysia (pictorum). Gray, Proc. Z. S. 1847, misprint (not Leach).
Baphia, § 1. (pictorum), Meuschen, Mus. Gevers. 1787*

Limnsea and Limnaeoderma (pictorum), Poli, Test. SiciL
Limnium or Lymnium (pictorum), Oken, Lehrb. Naturg. 1815.
Luticola (pictorum), Goldfuss , in Agass. Nomen. 1846.

Unio (mytiloides), Swainson, Malac. 267, 1840.

Cunicula (planulata), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Curricula (planulata). Gray, P. Z. S. 1847 (misprint).

Ligumia (recta), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Theliderma (metanera), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Megadomus (gigas), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.
iEglia (ovata), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Calceola (calceolus), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Hemiodon (undulatus), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Niaa (ater), Swainson, Elem. 1837*

Naidea (ater), Swainson, Malac. 267, 1840.

Canthyria (spinosus), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Iridea (granosus), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Naia (corrugata), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Hyridella (australis), Swains. Malac. 267, 1840.

Proptera, Eurynia, Elliptic, Plagiola, Obovaria, Truncilla, Am-

108

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

♦ blema, and Pleurobema, Rajinesque , Journ. Phys. Ixxxviii. 426,
1819.

Unio, Lampsilis, Metaptera, Truncilla, Obliquaria, Elliptio, Lep-
todea, Aximedia, and Eurynia, Rqfin. Monog. Biv. Ohio , 1820,
ed. Chenu , 9.

1. Unio pictorum.

Lister , Hist. Conch. 1. 147. f. 3; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 248. f. 4.
Mya pictorum, Linn. S. Nat. ed. 12. 1112; Faun. Suec. ed. 2.
516 ; Sturm, Fauna, vi. 2. f. a ; Wood, Conch. 104. 1. 19. f. 3, 4 ;
Schroet. Flussc. t. 4. f. 6 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 67. t. 43.
f. 17 ; Da Costa, Brit. Con. 228. t. 15. upper f. 4; Mat. Sf
Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 38 ; Dorset Cat. t. 12. upper f. 4 ;
Turt. Conch. Diet. 106; Brit. Faun. 146. no. 179; Dilhv. Rec.
Shells, i. 49 ; Ind. Test. t. 2, Mya, f. 26.

Unio pictorum, Lamk. Hist. v. 77, ed. 2. vi. 541 ; Encyc. Meth.
t. 248. f. 4 ; Drap. Moll. 1. 11. f. 4 ; Rossm. Icon. t. 3. f. 71 a, b,
196, 409, 587-590, 741, 762-780 ; Pfeiffer, i. 115. t. 5. f. 9, 10,
t. 1. f. 17 (animal), & ii. t. 2. f. 24 (young) ; Leach, MSS. 1818,
Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Crouch, Intr. Conch, t. 9. f. 4 ;
Kickx, Moll. Brab. 84 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 205. t. 2, Mya,
f. 26 ; Flem. Brit. An. 416 ; Gray, in Turt. Man. L. Sf F. W.
Shells, 295. t. 2. f. 11; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 81. t. 31. f. 7,
9-11 ; Nilsson, Moll. Suec. T. et FI. Ill; Blainv. Man. Malac.
67- f. 2 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 142. t. 39. f. 1 ; t. Q.
f. 2 (animal).

Unio rostratus, Pfeiffer, i. 114. t. 5. f. 8 ; Alder, Mag. Nat. Hist.
ii. ; Lamk . Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 540 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 82.
t. 32. f. 9, 10 ; Kickx, Moll. Brab. 83 ; Michaud, Comp. Moll .
T. et FI. France, 108. 1. 16. f. 55 ; Gras, Moll. T. et FI. France,
71. t. 5. f. 21.

Limnsea fusca, Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. 253, 259.

My sc a pictorum, Turton, Bivalves, 245; Man. ed. 1. 20. f. 11.
Unio elongatula, Pfeiffer, ii. 35. t. 8. f. 5, 6.

Mya ovalis, Donov. B. S. iv. 89 ; Mont. Test. Brit. 34.

Unio limosus, Nilsson, Moll. Suec. T. et FI. 110 ; Rossmas. Icon.
pt. iii. 24. t. 13. f. 199.

U. Desbayesii, Michaud , Moll. T. et FI. France, 107. 1. 16. f. 30 ;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 81. t. 32. f. 1-4; Rossmas. Icon .
pt. iii. 23. 1. 13. f. 197 ; Gras, Moll. Ter. et FI. France, App.
Unio longirostris, Ziegler, in Rossmas. Icon. pt. iii. 26. t. 14.
f. 200, & pt. xii. 13. t. 54. f. 38.
a — c. Newberry.

d — l. River Bure, Norfolk. Presented by the Rev. J. Bulwer.
m — t. Wednesbury, Warwickshire, Presented by Mrs.
Corrie.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

109

u. Castle Cary. Presented by Miss Benett.

v, w. Yorkshire. Presented by W. Sewell,, Esq.

x — 2, var. (U. rostrata, Pfeiffer). Erpingham, Norfolk. Pre-
sented by the Rev. J. Bulwer.
a a — c c, var. (ditto). River Bure, Norfolk. Presented by the
Rev. J. Bulwer,

dd — g g, var. (U. elongatula?). River Bure, Norfolk. Pre-
sented by the Rev. J. Bulwer.
h h (ditto). New River, London.

2. Unio tumidus.

Unio tumidus, Retzius , Nov. Gen. 17. n. 3; Gray , Man. L. Sf
F. W. Shells , 297. t. 2. f. 13; Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 82.
t. 32. f. 5-8 ; Spengler, Skrivt. Nat. Selsk. Kiob . iii. pt. i. 57 ;
Kickx, Moll. Brab. 83 ; Hanley , Rec. Shells, i. 205. t. 2, Mya,
f. 27 ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 140. t. 40, f. 1.

U. tumida, Pfeiffer , ii. 34. t. 7. f. 2, 3; t. 8. f. 1, 2; t. 2. f. 25,
young; Rossrn. Icon. i. 117. t. 3. f. 70 a , b, ii. 27. 1. 14. f. 202 -
204, vii. and viii. 41. t. 40. f. 542, xii. 32. t. 60. f. 772-778.
Mysca solida, Turton , Bivalves, 246. t. 16. f. 2; Man. ed. 1. 22.
f. 13.

Mya ovata, Donovan, iv. t. 122 ; Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii.
39 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 106 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 105. 1. 19. f. 5 ;
Ind. Test. t. 2, Mya, f. 2 7 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 50.

Mya ovalis, Pulteney Hutchins 5 Dorset, 27 (fide Mont.) ; Mont.

Test. Brit. 34; Turton, Brit. Faun. 146. no. 180?

Mya depressa, Donovan, B. S. iii. t, 101.

Mysea ovata, Turt. Brit. Biv. 246 ; Man. L, Sf F. W. Shells,
ed. 1. 21. f. 12 ; Leach, MSS . 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Unio ovalis, Fleming, Brit. An. 416 ; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 82.
t. 31. f. 1-4; Sow. Gen. Shells, Unio, f. 1; Reeve, Conch.
Syst. i. 87- f. 1; Gray, Turton9s Man. L. Sf F. W. Shells, 29 7.
t. 2. f. 12? (distorted specimen of Unio tumidus?).
a — e. Bath River.

/. York fosse. Presented by J. Phillips, Esq.
g, h. York. Presented by P. Carpenter, Esq.
i — n. Surrey Canal,
o — q. Britain.
r — v. New River, London.

w (jun.). Warwickshire. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.
x (polished specimen). Dock at Deptford.
y, z (elongated, wdiite inside). Castle Ashby. Presented by
the Marquis of Northampton.

a a (very elongated, light salmon-coloured inside). Castle
Ashby. Presented by the Marquis of Northampton.

no

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

b b — e e (short* salmon-coloured inside). Castle Ashby. Pre-
sented by the Marquis of Northampton.
ff (very deep salmon-coloured inside). Herefordshire. Pre-
sented by G. Waterhouse* Esq.
g g — i i (light salmon-coloured inside). Wednesbury* War-
wickshire. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.
jj, kk (var. distorted). River Thames.

1 l (ditto). Presented by J. D. C. Sowerby* Esq.

Fam. 5. Arcade.

Arcadse, Leach * MSS. 1818* Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Flew,.
Brit. An. 382* 1828; Gray * Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842* 81* 91;
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 197.

Arcadae* part.* Swains. Malac. 382, 1840.

Axinea and Axinoderma* Daphnaea and Daphnaeoderma, Poli *
Test. Sicil.

Les Arcacees (Arcacea), Lamk. Phil. Zool. 318* 1809 ; Cour. 106*
1812; Hist. v. 33* ed. 2. vi. 451; Blaine. Diet. Sci. Nat. x.
21 6; Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. 72.

Arcaces, Feruss. Prod. 42; Rang * Man. Moll. 287.

Byssiferia* Limaeridia and Pernaridia* part.* Rqfin.

Pectunculidae, Leach * MSS. 1818* Ann. fy Mag. N. JT.1847, 272.
Arcacea, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Arcina* part.* Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 207-
Area* Linn. Syst. Nat.

Arcae* § 3. part., Oken, Zool. 1815.

Arcaria, Gravenh. Thier. 33* 1845.

Arcacidae* D’Orb. Pal. Frang.; Geinitz * Grund.

Arcaceae* part.* Menke, Syn. 60* 1828.

Arcadae* part.* Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.

Pogonopoda* part.* Gray, Lond. Med. Repos. 1821.

Polydonta* Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xxxii. 320* 1824 ; Malac. 535*
1825.

? Polybranchiata* G. Sow. Conch. Man. ed. 2. 233.

* Arcade* Leach .

1. Arc a.

Area* part.* Linn. S. N. ed. 10. 1758* ed. 12. 1140* 1767; Gmelin,
S. N. 3305* 1788 ; Brug. Enc. Meth. i. 92* 1789.

Area (Noae), Lamk. Syst. 115, 1801 ; Hist. ed. 2. vi. 457, 1818 ;
Rang, Man. 28 7 ; Desh . Ency. Meth. iii. 553 ; Leach, MSS.
1818* Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272; Sow. Gen. ; Conch. Man.
ed. 2. 71 ; J. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 44 ; Blainv. Malac. 535,

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Ill

1825; Gray, Med. Repos. 1821; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 197;
Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 233.

Arcaria (Nose), Rqfinesque, Anal. Nat. 1815.

Area, § a, D’Orbigny.

Navicula (Nose), Hebenstr. Disser . 1728? (not Spix); Blainv.
Diet. Sci. Nat . x. 216, 1818; Malac. 535, 1825; Anton, Verz.
12, 1839.

Byssoarca, Swainson, Zool. Illust. Elem. 1835; Malac. 1840.
Daphnsea and Daphnseoderma, part.. Poll, Test. Sicil. 1795.
Pectunculus (mesol), Adanson, Seneg. 1759.

Musculus polyleptoginglymus, Klein, Ostrac. 167, 1753.
Cyphoxis, sp., Rajinesque, Journ. Phys. Ixxxvii. 247, 1819.
Litharea (Lithodomus), Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 81, 1844.

1. ARCA TETRAGONA:

Area tetragona, Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. 137. t. 25. f. 12, 13; Lamk.
Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 461 ; Turt. Biv. 167- t. 13. f. 1; Forbes, Mai.
Mon. 41. t. 3 ; Flem. B. An. 398 ; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 86. t. 33.
f. 20, 21 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Area, 1. 15. f. 100 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 102 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 57 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells, Supp. 1. 19. f. 13 ; Forbes Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 234.
t. 45. f. 9, 10; t. P. f. 1, animal.

Area Nose, Mont. T. B. 139. t. 4. f. 3 (not Linn.); Don. B. S. v.
t. 158. f. 1, 2 ; Turt. Diet. 9. f. 58 ; Brit. Faun. 161. no. 285;
Muller, Z.D.l; Couch, Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 30; Brown, III. Conch.
G. B. 86. t. 33. f. 1-3.

Area cardissa, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 463 ; Alder, Cat. Moll.
North. 79; Delessert, Rec. Coq. t. 11. f. 14; Hanley, Rec.
Shells, i. 153.

A. tortuosa, Penn, (not Linn.) B. Z. iv. n. 57 ; Borlase, Cornw.
t. 28. f. 15, 16.

A. papillosa. Brown, Wern. Mem. viii. t. 1. f. 19.

Daphnsea fusca, Daphnseoderma Nose, Poli, ii. 258, 259.

A. navicularis, Desh. (not Brug.) ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 462;

Philippi, Moll. Sic . ii. 42 ; Loven, I. M. 33. no. 253.

A. Britannica, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Area, 1. 15. f. 98.

A. rhombea. Couch, Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 31.

Area fusca, Solander, MSS. ; Don. B. S. v. t. 158. f. 3 (not
Brug.) ; Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ;
Mont. T.B. Supp. 51; Turt. Conch. Diet. 10; Brit. Biv. 166;
Flem. B. An. 397 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 30; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 101; Brown, III. C. G. B. 86. t. 33. f. 4, 5.

A. imbricata, Dillw. i. 226 (not Brug.).

Balanus Bellonii, List. Conch, t. 367. f. 207.
a, b. Near Bantry.

c — k. Coast of Galway. Presented by G. B. Sowerby, Esq.
I — t. Dunbar. (Mus. Mont. ?)

112

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

2. Arca LACTEA.

Area lactea, Linn. S. N. 1141; Da Costa , 171. t. 11. f. 5, 6;
Dorset Cat. 36. t. 11. f. 5; Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii.
93 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 1812, iv. 216. t. 61. f. 2 ; Flem. B. An. 398;
Mont. T.B. 138 ; Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 102 ; Turton , Brit.
Faun. 160. no. 284; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 236; Don. B. S . iv.
1. 135 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 86. t. 33. f. 6 ; Lamk. Hist.
2nd ed. vi. 467 ; Mawe, Conchol. t. 13. f. 4 ; Costa, Test. Sic.
46 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 57, ii. 42 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i.
154. t, 9, Arca, f. 24; Reeve, Con. Icon. Arca, t. 17- f. 116;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 238. t. 46. f. 1-3.
Pectunculus exiguus albus, List. Conch . t. 235. f. 69 a.

Arca Pennantii, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Arca barbata, Penn, (not Linn.) B. Z. iv. 84. no. 60. t. 58. f. 59
(fig. referred to A. tortuosa).

A. crinita, Pulteney, Dorset, 35 (t. 11. f. 5).

A. perforans, Turt. Diet. 9; Bivalves, 169. t. 13. f. 2, 3.

A. nodulosa, Muller, Z. Dan.; Chem. vii. f. 201 (not Brocchi).
A. lactea /3, Gmelin .

A. scabra. Poll, Test. Sicil. ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil.

A. modiolus, Olivi, 115; Poli, Test. Sicil. t. 25. f. 20, 21 (not
Gmelin) ; Costa, Test. Sic. 45.

A. Quoyi, Payr. 62. t. 1. f. 40-43.

A. Gaimardi, Payr. 61. t. 1. f. 36-39; Desh. Lamk. Hist. 2nded.
vi. 476 ; Costa, Cat. Test. Sic. 46 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 155 ;
Desh. Exp. Alger. Moll. t. 124. f. 8, 11.
a — cl. Guernsey.

e,f. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
g — v. Britain.

3. Arca raridentata.

Arca raridentata, S. Wood, Mag. N. H. (series 2.) iv. 232. t. 13.
f. 4 (foss.) ; Thompson, Ann. N. Hist, xviii. 385 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 241. t. 45. f. 8.

Arca Pectunculoides, Scacchi, Notiz. 25. no. 62. 1. 1. f. 12 (Phi-
lippi); Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1847, xix. 313 ; Philippi, Moll.
Sic. ii. 44. t. 15. f. 8 ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand.
a — c (odd valves). Hebrides. Presented by R. M‘ Andrew,
Esq.

d — h. Isle of Skye. Presented by R. Mf Andrew, Esq.

4. Arca barbata.

Arca barbata, Linn. S. Nat. (not Faun. Suec.), ed. 12. 1140;
Born, Mus. Cces. 88 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 187. t. 54. f. 535 ;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 229 ; Brown, Wern. Trans, ii. 512. t. 24.
f. 3 ; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 65. f. 1 ; Brown, III. C. G. B.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

113

86. t. 33. f. 7 ; Philippi , Moll. Sic. i. 57, ii. 42 5 Lamk. Hist.
2nd ed. vi. 465; Hanley , Pec. Shells, i. 193. t. 9, f. 3 ;
Flem. B. An. 398; Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. 135. t. 25. f. 6, 7 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 102; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Area,
t. 13. f. 83; Desh. Exp. Alger. Moll. t. 119, anatomy; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 243.

A. reticulata, Flem. _B. ^4. 168 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 7 ; Brit. Biv.
168, 259.

Daphnaea fusca, Daphnaeoderma barbata, Poll, ii. 255, 259.
Xnhab. Lough Strangford. Dr. Macgee.

** Pectunculid^;, Leach.

2. Axinea.

Axinaea (or Axinea) and Axinoderma (pilosa), Poli, Test. Sic. 1791;

Oken, Zool. 1815 ; Allg. Naturg. v. 327, 1835.

Tuceta (pilosa), Bolten, Mas. 1798, ed. 2. 120, 1819.
Pectunculus (pectunculus), Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. 115, 1801;
Phil. Zool. 1809 ; Hist. vi. 47, 1819, ed. 2. vi. 483; Cuvier,
Anat. Comp. 1800 ; Regn. Anim . 1817, ed. 2. 1830 ; Rang, Man.
288, 1829; Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N.H. xx. 272;
Desh. E. M. Ill, 1830 (not Lister, nor Adanson, nor Da
Costa ); J. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 27, 1813; G. Sow. Gen.;
Conch. Man. ed. 2. 218, 1842.

Glycimeris (pectunculus). Humph. Mus. Colon. 1797-
Pectunculus (Glycimeris), Megerle, Entw. 1811.

1. Axinea glycimeris.

Lister, Conch, t. 247. f. 82 a; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 310. f. 3.
Area glycimeris, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1143; Mus. Ulric. 521;
Leach, MSS . 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272; Penn. B. Z.
t. 58. f. 58 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 7 ; Brit. Faun. 160. no. 283;
Dillw. R. Shells, i. 241; Don. B. S. ii, t. 3 7- f. 2; Ind. Test.
t. 10, Area, f. 36 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. t. 18. f. 1, 2; M. Sf
R. Linn. Trans, viii. 93. t. 3. f. 3; Mawe, Conchol. 1. 13. f. 7*
Pect. glycimeris, Turt. Bivalves, 17 1 • 1. 12. f. 1 (not Lamk. nor
Philippi) ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 238 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 103; Brown, III. C. G. B. 85. t. 33. f. 8, 9 ; Burrows,
El. Conch, t. 8. f. 7 ; Crouch, Introd. Conch, t. 8. f. 1 1; Reeve,
Conch. Icon. Pectunc. t. 3. f. 12 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll.
ii. 245. t. 46. f. 4-7 ; t. P. f. 6, animal.

Area pilosa, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1143 ; Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans.
viii. 93. t. 3. f . 4 ; Pult. Dors. 35; Mont. T. B. 136 ; Supp.
53; Dorset Cat. 36. 1. 11. f. 2; Tart. Conch. Did. 6 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 242; Ind. Test. t. 10, Area, f. 37.

114

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Pectunculus pilosus, LamJc. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 448 ; Turt. B. Biv.
172. t. 12. f. 2; Fleming, Edin. Enc. vii. 97. t. 203. f. 18;
Brit. An. 400 ; Hanley, Thorpe, M. C. xxix. ; Forbes, M. G. S.
i. 416. 64 ; Malac. Monens. 42; Brown, III. C . G. B. 85. t. 33.
f. 10, 11; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 65 bis, f. 3; Philippi, Moll.
Sic. i. 61, ii. 44 ; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 134 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells,
i. 162. t. 10, Area, f. 36, 37.

Axinaea polyderma, Axinaeoderma pilosus, Poli , Test. Sicil. ii.
254-259.

Area minima, Turt. Conch. Diet. 8.

Glycimeris orbicularis, Da Costa, 168. 1. 11. f. 2.

Area undata, Chemn. (not Linn.) Conch. Cab.\ ii. 224. t. 57. f. 560.
A. marmorata, Chemn. 1. c. f. 563 ?

Pectunculus variabilis. Sow. M. C. t. 471. f. 1.

Pect. undatus, Turt. B. Biv. 173. 1. 12. f. 3, 4.

Pect. decussatus, Turt. B. Biv. 173. t. 12. f. 5 ; Flem. B. An. 400 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 104.

Pect. nummarius, Turt. Brit. Biv. 174. 1. 12. f. 6 ; Flem. B. An.

400; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 104.

Young. Pectunculus decussatus, Turt on, Biv. 173. 1. 12. f. 5.
a — i. Weymouth.
j — m. Island of Bute.

Order IY. POGONOPODA.

Pogonopoda, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 237 ; Syn. B. M. 1840,
81, 91 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 184 7, 198.

Les Byssiferes, part., LamJc. Phil. Zool. 317, 1809; Ext. Cour.
105 (1812).

Asipbonia Byssifera, part., Rajin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Conchiferes monomvaires, part., LamJc. Ann. Mus. x. 389 ; Hist .
vi. 100.

Conch. Dimyaires lamellipedes, part., LamJc. Hist. v.

Ostraces dimyaires, and Benitiers, Cuvier, R. A.; Feruss. Prod .
39,41.

Ostracea Dimya, MenJce, Syn. 101, 1830.

Mytyli and Tridacnae, EicJiw. Zool. Spec. i. 285.

Ostracea (Ostracees), LamJc. Phil. Zool. 1809 ; Extr. du Cour .
1812.

Ostreacese, Schweigger , Naturg. 712, 1820.

Fam. 1. Mytilid/E.

Mytilidae, Fleming, Brit. Anim. 408, 1828 ; Gray, Syn. B . M.

1840; 1842, 82; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 198.

Callitriche and Callitrichoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil .

BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 115

Byssiferes, part., Lamk. Cour. 105.

Mytilidia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Mytilaceae (Mytilacees), Lamk. H. vi. 108, 1819, ed. 2. vii. 13 ;
Latr. Fam. Nat.

Mytilacea, Menke , Syn. 104, 1830; Anton , Verz. Conch. 12.
Mytilacea (Mytilaces), part., Cuvier , R. A. 1817 ; Rang, Man. M.
290 ; Feruss. Prod. 42.

Mytilina, part., M. -Edwards, Elem. Zool. ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd .
206.

Mytilaceae, Menke, Syn. 62, 1828.

Pinnadae, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Mytiloidea, Fitz. Syst. Verz. 119, 1833.

Biforipalla, part., Latr . Fam. Nat.

1. Mytilus.

Mytilus (edulis), Linn. S.N.; Brug. E.M. tab. 1792; Cuvier,
Tab. Elem. 1798; R.A. 1817 ; Lamk. Syst. 113, 1801; Hist.
vi. 117, 1819, ed. 2. vii. 34 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
168; Quoy Sf Gaim. Voy. Astrol. iii. 462.

Perna (dotel), part., Adanson, Seneg. 207, 1757-
Perna (M. Perna), Retzius , Dissert. 20, 1788 (not Brug. nor
Oken); Schumacher, N. Syst. 120, 1817-
Callitriche and Callitrichoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.
Mytillus, Say , Journ. Acad. Philad. ii. 263.

Mytulus, Rondeletius, Univ. Aquat. Hist. 1555; Aldrovandus ,
De Test . Cap. 71; Retzius, Dissertat. 1788.

Musculus, Rondelet. ; Aldrov.

Musculus s. Mutilus, sp., Argenv. Conch. 288, 1757-

1. Mytilus edulis.

List. Ang. t. 4. f. 28 ; Conch, t. 362. f. 200.

Mytilus edulis, Linn. S. N. 1159, ed. 12. 1157; Faun. Suec. ed. 2.
521 ; Chem. viii. 755. t. 84. f. 750, 75 1, 755 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4.
iv. 94. t. 63. f. 73 ; Mont. T. B. 159 ; Don. B. S. iv. t. 121. f. 1;
Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. t. 18. f. 13, 14; Loven, I. M. 33. 251;
Forbes, M. G. S. i. 419. 74 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 76. t. 27.
f. 11-15, t. 45. f. 4-7; Pulteney Hutchins’ Dorset, 38; Mat.
Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 105 ; Dorset Cat. 39. t. 12. f. 5, left
hand; Turt. Conch. Diet. 109; Brit. Biv. 196; Brit. Faun.
163. no. 304; Flem. Brit. An. 411; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd.
234; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 109; Alder, Cat. Moll. 80;
Fabric. Faun. Grcenl. 417; Born, Mus. Cces. 126; Poli, Test.
Sic. i. t. 1. f. 13, & ii. 194. t. 31 (except f. 1) ; Burrows, Elem.
Conch. 1. 10. f. 5 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 309 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd
ed. vii. 47 ; Gould, Invert. Mass. 121. f. 82 ; Penny Cyclop, xvi.
46. f. a, b, & 47. f. a, b, c; Hanley, R.ec. Shells, i. 250. t. 12.

116

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

f. 22, 48; Supp. t. 2, Myt. f. 2; Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 53;
Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 170. t. 48. f. 1-4, t. Q. f. 5
(animal).

Common Mussel, Da Costa, Elem. Concli. t. 6. f. 3.

Mytilus vulgaris. Da Costa, B. S. 216. t. 15. f. 5 (on the left).
M. subsaxatilis, Williamson, Mag. N. H. vii. 354. f. 48 ; Couch,
Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 34 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 109.

“M. angulatus, Alder, MSS.” Brown, l. c.

“ M. solitarius, Marks,” Brown, l. c.

M. edulis crassus, Brown.

M. Galloprovincialis, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 46 ; Philippi, Moll.

Sic. i. 12. t. 5. f. 12, 13, ii. 53 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 249.
M. peilucidus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 95. t. 63. f. 75 ; Mat. fy Rack.
Linn. Trans, viii. 107 ; Mont. T. B. 160 ; Don. B. S. iii. t. 81 ;
Laskey, Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 392 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 110; Brit.
Biv. 197. t. 15. f. 1, 2; Brit. Faun. 163. no. 306; Chemn.
f. 731; Thorpe, M. Conch. 110. f. 105; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i.
309; Ind. Test. 1. 12. f. 22; Mawe, Conchol. 1. 16. f. 2.

M. incurvatus, Penn. B. Z. t. 64. f. 74 (distorted); Mont. T. B.
160; Mat. 4* Rack. Linn. Trans. \ iii. 105. t. 3. f. 7 ; Laskey,
Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 391; Turt. Conch. Diet. 109; Brit. Biv .
197 ; Brit. Faun. 163. no. 305 ; Ind. Test. t. 12. f. 48.

M. elegans, Leach, B. M. ; Brown, III. C. t. 29. f. 14, 15.

M. ungulatus, Linn, (not Gmel. nor Lamk.) S. N. ed. 10. 705,
ed. 12. 1156 (part.); Chemn. viii. t. 85. £ 756; Donov. B. S. iv.
1. 128. f. 2; Turt. B. Biv. 195; Brit. Faun. 164. no. 308.

M. retusus, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vii. 48.

M. hesperianus, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vii. 48?; Payr. Cat . Moll .
Corse, 68. t. 2. f. 5?

M. minimus, Poli, Sic. 209. t. 31. f. 1; Philippi, Sic. 73.

M. sagittatus, Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 208. t. 32. f. 2, 3.

M. dilatatus. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1828, 137.

M. alssformis, Sow. M. C.

M. antiquorum, Woodward, Geol. Norf.

M. borealis, Dekay, Moll. New York.

M. abbreviatus, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 47 ; Potiez 8f Mich. Gal.
Douai , ii. 54. f. 1.

Callitriche purpurea, Callitrichoderma edulis and C. minimum,
Poli, ii. 254, 259.

Perna ungulina, Retz. Nov. Test. Gen . 21.

Mytilus flavus, Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 20 7. t. 32. f. 4.

a. St. Ives, Cornwall. Presented by Dr. Boase.

b, c. Britain.
d, e. Scotland.
f — h. Romney.

— v. Britain.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

117

q — e e. Bell Rock. Presented by Dr. Leach.

//(group of young in sea-weed). Britain. Presented by
Mrs. Robinson.
g g- — kk. Britain.

1 1 (groups of young). Falmouth. Presented by W.P. Cocks,
Esq.

mm — tt. Scarborough.
uu — xx. Britain.
yy — ddd. Ditto.
eee—jjj. Ditto.

k k k — m m m. Scotland. Presented by Miss E. Greville.
nnn. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
o o o — q q q. Hastings. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
r r r — 1 1 t. Belfast. Presented by W. Thompson, Esq.
uuu — zzz. Britain.

aaaa (groups congregated together). Whitley, Northum-
berland.

2. VoLSELLA.

Volsella, Scopoli , Int. H. N. 39 7, 1/7 7; Gray , Proc . Z . Soc.
184 7, 198. n. 717.

Modiola, Lamk. Prod. 1799 ; Syst. 113, 1801; Ann. Mus. vi. 119,
1805; Hist.v i. 109, 1819, ed. 2. vii. 15; Cuvier , Anat. Comp.
1808 ; R. A. 1817 ; Leach , Zool. Misc. ii. 31, 1815 ; Sow. Man,
ed. 2. 190; Forbes Hanley , Brit. Moll, ii. 181; Swainson,

Malac. 1840.

Modiolus, Risso, Bur. Merid. 1826; Fleming , B. A. 412, 1828 ;

Forbes , Malac. Mon. 43, 1838; not Llwyd.

Mytilus j3, Schumacher , N. Syst. 1817.

Mytilus a, Blainville, Malac.

Callitriche and Callitrichoderma, part., Poli, Test. Sicil.
Tamarindiformes, Meuschen , Mus. Gevers. 1787-
Musculus, sp., Bolten , Mus. 110.

Perna (lutat), part., Adans. Seneg.

Amydalum (arborescens), Megerle, 1811.

1. Volsella modiolus.

Mytilus modiolus, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1158; Penn. Brit. Zool .
ed. 4. iv. 96. t. 66. f. 77; Mont. T. B. 163; Mat. $ Rack.
Linn. Trans, viii. 107 ; Dorset Cat. 40; Da Costa, B. C. 219.
1. 15. f. 5 ; Don. B. S. i. t. 23 ; Pulteney Hutchins' Dorset, 38 ;
Brown , III. C. t. 29. f. 1-6, ed. 2. 77 ; Flem. Edin. Bnc. vii.,
t. 203. f. 22 ; Laskey , Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 392; Chemn. Conch.
Cab. viii. 178 (not t. 85. f. 757) ; Mull. Zool. Dan. t. 53 ; Dillw .
Rec. Shells, i. 314; Ind. Test. 1. 12. f. 31.

Modiola modiolus, Turt. B. Biv. 199. 1. 15. f. 3 ; Thorpe, B. M.

118

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

C. 107 ; Gould , Inv. Mass. 123; Hanley , Rec. Shells, i. 233*
t. 12. f. 31-49 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 182. t. 44*
f. l, 2.

Mytilus barbatus, Pulteney Hutchins 3 Dorset, 38 (not Linn.) ;
Donov. B. S. ii. t. 70; Mont. T. B. 161; Mat. Rack. Dorset
Cat. 40. t. 12. f. 5 (right).

Modiola barbata, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 23 7.

Mytilus rusticus, Soland. MSS. Humph. Cat. 43.

Callitriche flava=Callitrichoderma barbata, Poli, ii. 254, 259.
Modiola Papuana, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 18 (part.) ; Brown,
III. C. G- B. 77- t. 27. f. 1-4; Leach, Zool. Miscell. ii. 33 ;
Say, Amer. Conch, t. 45; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 64. f. 3?
Modiola vulgaris, Flem. B. A. 412; Hanley , Thorpe, M. Conch.
xxix. ; Alder, Cat. North. Moll. 81 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 419.
75; Loven, I. M. 33. no. 251; Woodarch, Conchol. ed. 2. 1. 1.
f. 10.

Mytilus Papuanus, Desh. E. M. Vers, ii. 564. t. 219. f. 1.
Mytilus curtus, Penn. B. Z. iv. 96. t. 64. f. 76 a. (half-grown).
Var. (distorted), Mytilus umbilicatus, Penn. B. Z. t. 65. f. 76 ;
Mat. 8f Rack . Linn. Trans, viii. 109 ; Don. B. S. t. 40; Mont .
T. B. 164, Supp. 71; Ind. Test. t. 12. f. 49.

Mytilus curvirostratus. Da Costa , B. C. 220.

Lister, Conch, t. 1057. f. 5.
a. Orkney.
b — e. Saleombe.

s — x (young). Britain.

2. VOLSELLA BARBATA.

Mytilus barbatus, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1156 (from type); Faun .

Suec. ; Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 210. t. 32. f. 6, 7.

Modiola barbata, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 22; Philippi, Moll.
Sic. i. 70, ii. 50 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 233 ; Forbes 8f Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. ii. 190. t. 44. f. 4.

Modiola Gibsii, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 34. t. 72. f. 2 ; Turt. Biv .
200; Flem. B. A. 413; Brown, III. C. t. 29. f. 7, ed. 2. 78.
t. 27. f. 7 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 10 7.
a — h. Tenby.

i — l. Britain. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

3. VOLSELLA TuLIPA.

Modiola tulipa, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vii. 19 (part.); Sow. Gen .
Shells , Modiol. f. 5 ? ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 69, ii. 50 ; Sow.

Britain.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA,

119

Conch . Man. f. 160 ?; Reeve, Conch. Syst. i. 101. f. 5 ?; Thomp-
son, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 260; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit .
Mo/Z. ii. 187. t. 45. f. 7, t. 48. f. 6, & t. Q. f. 6 (animal).

? Mytilus modiolus, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. t. 58. f. 758.

? Modiola Americana, Leach, Zool. Miscell. ii. 32. t. 72. f. 1.
Modiola radiata. Brown, 111. C. G. B. t. 29. f. 5, 6 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 249. f. 104.

M. Papuana (young). Brown , III. Conch. G. B. 77. t. 27. f. 5, 6 .
Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 359. f. 198?; Knorr, Helices des Yeux,
pt. iv. t. 15. f. 3?
a, b. Britain.

4. Yolsella phaseolina.

Modiola phaseolina, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 51. t. 15. f. 14;
Jeffreys, Ann. Sr Mag. N. H. 184 7, xix. 313; Forbes Sr Hanley ,
Brit. Moll.il 18 6. t. 44. f. 3.

Modiola modiolus, jun., Clark, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1850,

Inhab. Scotland. Ms Andrew ; Thomas .

5. Yolsella Ballii.

Modiola Ballii, Brown, Blast . C. G. B. (ed. 2.) 132. t. 37. f. 36?

t. 42. f. 34, 35?; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 192.
Modiola, n. s., Thompson, Rep. Brit. Assoc.

? Modiola agglutinans, Cantraine, Bull. Acad. S. N. Brux . 1835,
ii. 398.

? Modiola vestita, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 51. t. 15. f. 12, 1844;

Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 318.

Inhab. Ireland. Imbedded in Sponge ; Ball.

3. Crenella.

Crenella (Mytilus crenatus). Brown, III. Conch. G. B. ; Gray ,
Syn. B. M. 1842, 92; Proc. Z. S. 1847, 199 ; Macgilliv. Moll.
Aberd. ; Alder, Cat. Moll. North. ; Loven, I. M. ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. ; King, Ann. N. H. xviii.

Mytilus, sp., Linn. S. N. ; Montagu , T. B. ; Turt. Conch. Diet. ;
Flem. Brit. An. ; Brown, III. C. G. B. ; Schroeter, Einleii. ;
Dillw. R. S.; Loven, I. M.

Modiola, sp., Lamk. Hist. ; Hanley, Conch. Text-Book ; Recent
Shells ; Brit. Mar. Conch. ; Totten, Sillim. Journ. ; Gould ,
Invert. Mass. ; Menke, Cat . ; Sow. Gen. ; Philippi, Zeitsch,
Mai. ; Turt. Brit. Biv.

Pectunculina, D’Orb. 1844.

Lanistina, Gray, Proc. Z. S. 1847, 199.

Lanistis, Swainson, 1840 (not Montf.).

Modiolaria, “Beck,” Loven, I. M. 1846.

Modiolarca, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1842, 92; Proc . Z. S . 1847, 199,

120

BRITISH MOLLUSCA,

* Crenella.

1. Crenella decussata.

Mytilus decussatus, Mont. T. B. Supp. 69 (not Lamk.) ; Laskey,
Wern. Mem. i. 394. t. 8. f. 17; Turton, Conch. Diet. 114;
Flem. B. An. 411.

Modiola decussata, Hanley (Thorpe), M. Conch. 29. f. 1.
Crenella elliptica, Brown , Conch. Text-Book, 143= 1. 18. f. 13; III.

C. t. 23. f. 12-14, ed. 2. 73 ; Jeffreys, Malac. Mag. 49.
Modiola cicercula, Moller, I. Moll. Green. 19; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 243.

? Modiola glandula, Totten, Silliman’s Journ. xxvi. 367. f. 3 ;

Gould, Invert. Mass. 131. f. 87 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 243.
Crenella decussata, Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 229 ; Thorpe, Brit .
Mar. Conch, f. 5 ; Alder, Cat. Moll. North. 82 ; Loven, I. M.
32. no. 246; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 210. t. 45. f. 2;
King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 238.

Modiola faba, Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 248 (not Mytihis faba,
0. Fabric.).

a — t. Zetland. Presented by R. M ‘Andrew, Esq.
u — a a. Scotland.

** Lanistina.

2. Crenella discors.

Mytilus discors, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1159 (from type, fide Forbes
Sf Haul.) ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 33.

M. discors 0, Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 111. t. 3. f. 9.
Modiolaria discors, Loven, I. M. 33. n. 247.

Mytilus discrepans, Mont. T. B. 169 (not Supp.) ; Turt. Conch .
Diet. 112; Brit. Faun. 164. no. 315; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i.
319.

Modiola discrepans, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 23 ; Turt. B. Biv.
202 ; Forbes, Mai. Monens. 44 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
108 ; Aid. Cat. North. Moll. 81 ; Gould, Inv. Mass. 129. f. 83 ;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 242.

? Modiola minuta (fry), Couch, Corn. Faun. ii. 33 (not described);

Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 39. f. 36 (unnamed).

Crenella discors, Forbes §* Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 195. t. 45. f. 5, 6,
& t. 48. f. 5.
a, b . Sunderland.

3. Crenella marmorata.

Mytilus discors, Mont. T. B. 167 (not Linn, nor Fabric.); Da
Costa, B. S. 221. 1. 17- f- 1; Don. B. S. i. t. 25. f. 1 ; Mat. fy
Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. Ill (not var.), t. 3. f. 8; Pulteney

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

121

Hutch. Dors. 38 ; Ind. Test. t. 12. f. 39 ; Poll , Test. Sic. ii.
211. t. 32. f. 15; Laskey , Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 393; Dorset
Cat. 40. t. 2. f. 1; Turt. Conch. Did. 11 2; Brit. Faun. 164.
no. 314 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells , i. 319 ; Mawe , Conchol. 1. 13. f. 5.
Modiola discors, Turt. Biv. 201. t. 15. f. 4, 5 (not Lamk. nor
Gould) ; Flem. B. An. 413 ; Macgilliv . Moll . Aherd. 239 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 108.

Mytilus discrepans, Desh. E. M. Vers, ii. 567.

Modiola discrepans, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 70, ii. 50. 1. 15. f. 11.
Modiola marmorata, Forbes, Malac. Monens. 44 ; Jeffreys, Mag.
Conch. 41 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. 78. t. 27. f. 10 ; Thomps. Rep.
Brit. Assoc. 1843, 261.

Mod. europsea, D’Orbig. Mus. Paris.

Mod. tumida, Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 241. t. 12. f. 39.

Mod. Poliana, Philippi, Zeitsch. Malak. 1844, 101 (from type).
Crenella marmorata, Forbes Sc Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 198. t.45.
f. 4.

a — d. Sunderland.
e — h. Oban.
i — iv. Britain.
x — b b (jun.). Ditto.

4. Crenella costulata.

Modiola costulata, Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Mer. iv. 324. f. 165
(fide Philippi) ; Jeffreys, Ann. Nat. Hist. xix. 313 ; Philippi,
Moll. Sic. ii. (not i.) 50. t. 15. f. 10 (not D’Orbign. Moll. Ca-
nar. nor Hanley, Recent Shells, i. 240).

Crenella costulata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 205. t. 45. f. 1.
Inhab. Exmoutb, Clark. Cornwall, Alder, &c.

5. Crenella nigra.

Modiola nigra, Gray, App. Parry5 * * * 9 s Voy. N. Pole, adult; Thorpe,
M. Conch. 249. jun. ; Alder, Cat. Moll. North. 81 ; Han-
ley, Rec. Shells , i. 242. t. 12. f. 38.

Mytilus discors, var., Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 195. t. 86. f. 767 ;
Schroter , Einleit. Conch, iii. t. 9. f. 15 ; var. Suecicus, O. Fa-
bricius, Danske Videns. Selsk. Nye Samm. 1788, 460 (part.).
Mytilus discrepans, Mont. T. B. Supp. 65. t. 26. f. 4 (not 169) ;
Ind. Test. t. 12. f. 38; Leach, App. Ross’s Voy. 176; Zool.
Miscell. ii. 36; M. Sf R. Linn. Trans, viii. 111. t. 3. f. 9.
Modiola discrepans, Leach, Ross’s Voy. 176; Flem. B. An. 413 ;
Turt. Biv. 202 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 238 ; Brown, III. C.
G. B. 78. t. 27. f. 8 ; Sow. Gen. Shells, Modiola, f. 3 ; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. 1. 100. f. 3 ; Philippi, Zeitsch. 1844, 102.

? Mod. nexa, Gould.

Mod. compressa, Menke, Cat. Conch. Malsburg.

F

122

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Mod. depressa, Hanley , Rec. Shells , i. 242, note.

Modiolaria nigra, Loven, I. M. 33. n. 249.

Crenella nigra, King, Ann . IV. H. xviii. 239 ; Forbes 8f Hanley ,
Bn/. Mo/I. ii. 202. t. 44. f. 5, & t. Q. f. 7, animal.
a — c. Black Rocks, Leith.
d — k. Britain.

I — y, jnn. Britain.
z — e e , jun. Sunderland.

*** .

6. Crenella Prideauxiana.

Modiola Prideauxiana, Leach , ,Zoo/. d&c. ii. 35 ; Brown , I//. C.
t. 29. f. 9, ed. 2. t. 27. f. 9.

Modiola rhombea, Berkeley, Zool. Journ. iii. 229 ; Supp. 1. 18. f. 1 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch . 107 ; Brown, III. Conch, ed. 2. 78.
t. 39. f. 17.

Crenella rhombea, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 208. t. 45. f. 3.
Modiola costulata, Philippi, Sic. 70. t. 5. f. 1; not Philippi, ii. 50,
nor Risso.

Mod. Petagnse, Scacchi; Philippi, ii. 51.

a — d. Coast of Devonshire. Presented by — Prideaux, Esq?.
e. Weymouth. Presented by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley.

Fam. 2. Dreissenidje.

Dreissenadse, Gray, Turton Man. ed. 2. 299.

Dreissenidse, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 82, 91 ; Proc. Zool
Soc. 1847, 199.

Mytilaces, part.. Rang, Man. 290.

Mytilacea, part., Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Chamaceee, part., Herrmannsen, Ind. 409.

1. Dreissena.

Dreissena, Van Beneden, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1$35 ; Gray, Turton?s
Man. Land fy Freshwater Shells, 300 ; Syn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842,
82, 92 ; Proc. Z. S. 1847, 199 ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll, ii,
Driessena, Brown, III. C. G. B.

Mytilina or Mytulina, Cantraine, 1835.

Trickogonia, Rossmasler, Icon. 1835.

Cselogonia, Bronn.

Mytilus (3, Rang, Man. ; Megerle, Entw. 1811.

Mytilus, sp., Schroter, Einleit.; Sow. Gen.; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vii.
Dythalmia, Jay.

1. Dreissena polymorpha.

Mytilus Volgse, Chemn. xi. 256. t. 205. f. 2028.

Myt. polymorphus, Pallas , Voy . Russ . i. 478, App. 211 ; Schroter,

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

123

Einleit. Conch, iii. 471; Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 3363; Reeve ,
Conch. Syst. i. 102. f. 4 ; Hanley , Rec. Shells, i. 250, Supp.
t. 2, Myt. f. 6; Sow. Gen. Shells, Mytilus, f. 4; Trans. Linn.
Soc. xiv. 585 ; Zool. Journ. i. 584 ; Feruss. Bull. Sc. Nat.
1826, 142 ; Ind. Test. Supp. t. 2, Mytilus, f. 6 ; Lamk. 2nd ed.
vii. 50.

Myt. Chemnitzii, Ferussac.

Myt. lineatus, Haardenhurg , Moll. Belgic.

Myt. area, Kickx, Descript, nouv. esp. deMoule, 1834.

Myt. ? Volgensis, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825, 139.

Myt. Hagenii, Baer, Isis, 1826, pt. v. 525 ; Feruss. Bull. Sci. Nat.

i. 826. 140.

Myt. Toreyi, Stem.

Trichogonia Chemnitzii, Rossm. Icon. i. 113. t. 3. f. 69.
Dreissena polymorpha, Van Beneden, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1835, 210.
t. 8. f. 1-11; Strickland, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1838, 361; Gray,
Man. L. £f F. W. Shells, 300 ; Brown, III. Con. G. B. 76. t. 29.
f. 4-9; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 165. t. 42. f. 4-5, &
t. Q. f. 4, animal.

a~f. Commercial Docks. Presented by G. B. Sowerby,
Esq.

g — n. Warwickshire. Presented by Mrs. Corrie.
o — q. Britain. Presented by F. Sanders, Esq.
r — t. Ditto.

u, x. Biver Soar, Leicester. Presented by W. Drake, Esq.
y — hh. Regent’s Canal.

i i, k k. Union Canal, near Edinburgh. Presented by A.
White, Esq.

1 1 (group of young attached to a stone). Canal near Bir-
mingham. Presented by Miss Theodosia Maurice.
m m — z z (young). Britain.

Earn. 3. Pinnidje.

Pinnidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 82, 91 ; Proc. Zool. Soc.
1847, 199.

Pinnadae, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xx. 272.
Pinnacea, Sismond. Syn. An. Invert. 1842.

Pinnina, Agass. Nomen. Ind.

Chimaera and Chimaeroderma, Poli, Moll. Sicil.

Byssiferes, part., Lamk. Cour. 105.

Mytilacees, part., Lamk. Hist. vi. 129.

Mytilacea, part., Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Mytilaces, Cuvier, R. A.; Rang, Man. Moll. 292 ; Feruss. Prod.
42.

Aviculacea, part., Menke, Syn. 102, 1830.

f 2

124

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Mytilina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 206.

Perna, Plin. H. Nat. lib. 32. cap. 54 ; Aldrov. lib. 3. cap. 76,
Perna, part., Adanson , Seneg. 207, 1757-

1. Pinna.

Pinna, Linn. S. N. ed. 10 & 12; Lamk. Ext. Cours, 1801 ; Hist.

A. s. V .; Cuv. R. An.; Sow. Gen. ; Swains. Malac. 1840; Gray,
Sgn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842, 83, 92 ; Proc. Z. S. 1847, 1 99.

Chim aera and Chimgeroderma, Poli, Test. Sic. 1792.

Mya, sp., Scopoli , 177 7*

Perna (Apan), Adanson , Senegal , 1757.

Musculus, s. Mutilus, sp., D’Argenv.

Pinnula, Curvula and Oxysma, Rajinesque.

1. Pinna pectinata.

Pinna pectinata, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1160; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.

vii. 64 (part.); Chemn . f. 77 0; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 325;
Mawe , Conchol. 1. 17. £. 1; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 253; Flem.

B. An. 406 ; Pulteney, Dorset. 39; Mont. T.B. 178; Dorset
Cat. 41. t. 3. f. 3; Turt-. Conch . Dic£. 148. f. 11; Brit. Faun .
165; HrzY. Bivalves, t. 19. f. 1; Afe. ty Rack. Linn. Trans .

viii. 113; Forbes Hanley , .Bri£. MoZZ. ii. 255. t. 43. f. 1, 2.

t. 43. f. 8.

Pinna fragilis, Penn. B. Zool. iv. 97. no. 80. t. 69. f. 80; Turt.
B. Biv. 222. t. 20. f. 2 ; Flem. B. An. 406 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar .
Conch. Ill; Brown, III. C. G. B. 75. t. 26. f. 3.

Pinna ingens, Penn. Brit. Zool. n. 81; Mont. T. B. 180-583, &
Supp. 72; Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 113; Flem. Edinb.
Enc. vii. t. 206. f. 3; Brit. An. 406; Brown, III. Conch. G.B.
75. t. 26. f. 1; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 325; Ind. Test. t. 12,
Pinna, f. 3; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 253. t. 12. f. 3; Couch,
Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 34; Lamk. H. no. 13; Turton , Bivalves,
t. 20. f. 1 ; Conch. Diet. 148 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 240 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 111.

Pinna nmricata. Da Costa, B. S. 240. t. 16. f. 3 ; Don. B. S. i.
t. 10 ; Mont . T. B. 183. t. 5. f. 3 ; Crouch, Intr. Conch, t, 11.

f. 4.

Pinna papyracea, Turt. Bivalves, 224. t. 20. f. 3 ; Flem. B. An.

407 ; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 112.

Pinna elegans, Leach, Brit. Mus. ; Broivn, III. C. t. 30. f. 2,
ed. 2. 76. t. 26. f. 2.

Pinna laevis, Don. B. S. v. 1. 152, adult.

Pinna borealis. Walker, in Elem. N. H. ii. 381.

Pinna rotundata, Couch, Corn. Faun. pt. ii. 36.

Chimaera pinnarum — C himeero derma rudis, Poli , ii. 253. 259.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

125

u. Torbay. Presented by W. Comyns, Esq.

b. Falmouth Harbour. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

c, d. Cork. Presented by Miss Elliot.
e,f. Britain.

g — i. Cork Harbour. Presented by J. D. Humphreys, Esq.
j — p. Britain.
q — u. Britain.
v (with byssus). Britain.
w — 0. Britain.

Fam. 4. Pteriad^e.

Pteriadse, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 199.

Aviculadse, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 273;

Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 83, 91.

Glaucus and Glaucoderma, Poll, Test. Sicil.

Byssiferes, part., Lamk. Cours , 105 ; Goldfuss, Zool .

Byssifera, Goldfuss, Zool.ttf)^, 1820.

Pernaridea and Limaridia, part., Rafin. Anal .

Malleacees, Lamk. Hist. vi. 135.

Malleaeea, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.

Ostraces, part., Cuvier, R.A.

Oxigones, Latr. Fam. Nat.

Margaritacea or Margaritaces, Blainv. Man.

Malleacees and Avicules, Rang, Man. Moll. 281 ; Feruss. Prod.
41.

Aviculacea, Menke, Syn. 101 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
250.

Pectinina, part., Macgilliv. Moll. Aherd. 203, 222.

Pernadse, Fleming, B. A. 381, 1828; Guild. Zool. Journ. iii. 542,
1828.

Pernoidse, Agassiz, Nomencl. 184 7.

Pernea, Herrmannsen, ii. 237.

1. Pteria.

Pteria, Scopoli, hit. Hist. Nat. 1 777; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc .
1847, 199.

Avicula, Klein, Tent. Meth. Ostrac. 1753; Brug. Enc. Meth .
1789 ; Lamk. Prod. 1799 ; Syst. A. s. V. 1801 ; Swains. Malac.
1840; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 83, 91; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 251.

Margaritifera, sp.. Humph. Mus. Colon. 1797.

Anonica, Oken, Lehrb. Zool. 1815.

Perna (Charon), Adans. Seneg. 1757.

Perlamater /3, Schum. N. Ess. 1817.

Pinctada, § ii., Bolten, Mus. 1819.

126

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

1. Pteria TARENTINA.

Mytilus Hirundo, Linn. S. N. 1159 (part.); Turton , Conch. Diet.
109. f. 7; Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 221. t. 32. f. 17-21; Billw. Rec .
Shells , i. 321, var. G. ; Mawe, Intr. Conch. 1. 16. f. 6; Costa ,
Test. /Sic. 59.

Avicula Tarentina, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 99 ; Hanley , Thorpe ,
B. M. C. 30. f. 109 ; E. M. Vers , ii. 99 ; Philippi, Moll
Sic. i. 76, ii. 55; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 262; Des&. Exp.
Alger. Moll. 129; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 251. t. 42.
f. 1-3 ; t. S. f. 4, animal.

Avicula Hirundo, Turt. Biv. 220. t. 16. f. 3, 4 ; Thorpe , M. C.
113. f. 109 ; Flem. B. An. 405.

Avicula Atlantica, Brown, III. C. t. 10*. f. 6, & ed. 2. 74 ; not
Lamk.

Avicula falcata, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 98 (fide Desh.).

Avicula anglica, Leach, B. M. ; Brown, III. C. t. 31. f. 3, ed. 2. 74.
Avicula aculeata, Risso, 308 (complete) ; Sow. Gen. Shells, Avi-
cula, f. 2? ; Reeves Conch. Syst. t. 109. f. 2.

Mytilus a mari Mediterraneo, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 142. t. 81.
f. 725.

E. Meth. Vers , 1. 177. f. 8.

Inbab. Coast of Devon and Cornwall. Ireland.

Order V. MICROPODA.

Micropoda, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 238; Syn. B.M. 1840;

1842, 83 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200.

Conchiferes monomyaires, § 2, Lamk. Hist. vi. 153, and dimyaires
lamellipedes, Lamk.

Ostracia, part., Rafin. Anal. Nat.

Ostraeees, part., Lamk. Ext. du Cour. 104 (1812).

Ostraces monomyaires, Cuvier, R. A.; Feruss. Prod. 40.

O stress, Eichw. Zool. Spec. 287.

Ostracea monomya, Menke, Syn. 97, 1830.

Patulipalla, Latr. Fam. Nat.

Earn. 1. Pectenidje.

Pectenidse, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200.

Pectinidas, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ; Gray,
Syn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842, 83, 92.

Glaucus or Glaucoderma, and Argus or Argoderma, Poli, Test.
Sicil.

Pectenia, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Byssiferes, part., and Ostraeees, part., Lamk. Ext. du Cour. 104 ;
Cuvier, R. A. ; Latr. Fam. Nat.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 127

Pectenides, Lamk. Hist. vi. 153; Feruss. Prod. 40; Rang, Man.
Moll. 2 76.

Pectinea, Menke, Syn. 98, 1830; Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Subostracea or Subostraces, Blainv. Man. Malac.

Ostreadae, part., Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.

1. Pecten.

Pecten, Bolten, 1798 ; Lamk. Syst. A. s. V. 1801 (part.); Gray ,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
2 72 (part.).

Pandora, Megerle, 1811, not Brug. nor Lamk.

Janira, Schum. N. Ess . 181 7 ; D’Orb.; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840;

1842, 84, 92.

Janera, Sow.

Argus, sp., Poli, Test. Sicil.

? Neitliea, Drouet, Ann. Soc. Linn. Par. 1824, 183.

1. Pecten maximus.

Ostrea maxima, Linn. S. N. 1144; Faun. Suec. 520; Dors. Cat .
37* t. 9. f. 3 ; Bon. B. S. ii. t. 49 ; Pulteney Hutch. Dors. 35 ;
Turt. Conch. Bid. 128 ; Mat. Sf Rack. Trans. Linn. Soc. viii.
96 ; Born, Mus. Cces. 98 ; Billw. Rec. Shells, i. 247 ; Ind.
Test. t. 10. f. 1.

Pecten maximus, Penn. B. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 84. t. 59. f. 61. n. 61;
Mont. T. B. 143 ; Turt. B. Biv. 207 ; Brit. Faun. 161. no. 288 ;
Flem. B. An. 383 ; Thorpe , B. Mar. Conch. 115; Brown, III.
C. G. B. 71. t. 25. f. 1; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 223; Forbes,
M. G. S. i. 420. 77 ; Loren, I. M. 31. 226 ; Sow. Thes. Conch .
i. 45. 1. 15. f. 98-100 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 268. t. 10. f . 1 ;
Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 268. t. 60. f. 585 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.
vii. 129 ; Crouch, Int. Conch, t. 12. f. 3 ; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 296. t. 49.

Pecten vulgaris. Da Costa, Brit. Conch. 140. t. 9. f. 3.

P. laevis, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 227 ?

Lister, Ang. t. 4. f. 29 ; Conch, t. 163. f. 1 ; Knorr, Delices des
Yeux, pt. ii. t. 14. f. 1.
a, b. Britain.
c — e. Ditto.

/. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.
g, h. Shetland Isles. Presented by B. Frend, Esq.

i. Britain.

j. Ditto.

k. l. Ditto.

m — t, jun, Britain.

128

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

2. Argus.

Argus, sp., Poli, Test . Sic. 1795.

Argus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200.

Pecten, Megerle, Entw. 60, 1811; Schum. N. Ess. 1817 ; Forbes
fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. ; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842, 83,
92.

Pecten /3, Schum. N. Ess. 1817.

Ostrea, sp., Linn. Syst. Nat.

Chlamys, sp., Bolten, Mus. 1798.

1. Argus opercularis.

Ostrea opercularis, Linn. S. N. 1 147 ; Pulteney, Dors. 36 ; Mat :
8f Rack. Linn. Trans. viii. 98 ; Dorset Cat. 38. t. 9. f. 1, 2,4,5 ;
Turt. Conch. Diet. 129. f. 74; Born, Mus. Cces. 106; Schrbter ,
Einleit. Conch, iii. 317- t. 9. f, 3; Gmel. S. N. 3325; Dillw .
Rec. Shells, i. 266 ; Ind. Test. t. 10. f. 43.

Pecten opercularis, Chemn. Conch, vii. 341. t. 67. f. 646; Mont.
T. B. 145 ; Turt. B. Biv. 209 ; Brit. Faun. 161. no. 290 ; Flew,.
B. An. 383 ; Alder, Cat. Moll. North. 76 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed,
vi. 142 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 82, ii. 57 ; Cuv. Regn. An. ed.
Crock, t. 75. f. 3; Loven, Ind. M. Sk. 30. no. 227 ; Forbes ,
M. G. S. i. 420. 78; Macgilliv. Moll . Aberd. 224; Thorpe ,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 115; Brown, III. C. G. B. 71. t. 24. f. 1 ;
Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 53. t. 17- f. 141, 146 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 272. 1. 10. f. 43 ; Chenu, III. Conch. Pecten, t. 29 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 299. t. 50. f. 3, t. 51. f. 5, 6, t. 53. f. 7-
Ostrea subrufa, Don. B. S. i. t. 12.

Pecten subrufus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 86. t. 60. f. 63 ; Turt. Biv.
210. t. 17. 4* 1 (jun.); Thorpe, Brit . Mar. Conch. 116; Sow .
Thes. Conch, i. 53. t. 19. f. 208-210.

Pecten pictus, Da Costa, 144. t. 9. f. 1, 2, 4, 5 ; Wood, Trans .

Linn. Soc. vi. t. 18. f. 7, 8.

Pecten 20-sulcatus, Muller, Z. D.

Ostrea lineata, Pult. Dors. 36; Don. B. S. iv. t. 116; Mat. £f
Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 99; Dors. Cat. 38. 1. 10. f. 8 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells , i. 267 ; Ind. Test. 1. 10. f. 44.

Pecten lineatus. Da Costa, 147. 1. 10. f. 8 ; Mont. T. B. 147, 579 ;
Flem. B. An. 353; Turton, Brit. Faun. 161. no. 291; Lamk .
Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 143.

Pecten carinatus, Soland. Mus. Port.

Ostrea sanguinea, Poli, Test. Sic. t. 28. f. 7, 8.

Pecten sanguineus, Costa, Test. Sic. 50.

Pecten Audouini, Payr. 77 • t. 2. f. 8, 9; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i,
273.

Pecten plebeius and P. sulcatus, J. Sow. M. C. t. 393.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

129

Peigne operculaire, Chenu, Traite Elem. 101. t. 339.

Pecten Macgillivrai, Edmonston , Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xv. 250
(worn shell, fide Jeffreys , Forbes fy Hanley, l. c. ii. 302).

List. Any. t. 5. f. 30; Conch, t. 190. f. 27, 28 ; Knorr, Helices
des Yeux, pt. v. t. 28. f. 4.

a — m, red-coloured, various. Britain.

n, o, ditto. Ditto.

p — r, ditto. Ditto.

s — u, ditto. Ditto.

v — y, ditto. Ditto.

z — b b, ditto. Ditto.

c c—ff, orange-coloured. Ditto.

g g, hh, ditto. Ditto.

i i, j j, straw-coloured . Ditto .

k k — p p, rayed. Ditto.

q q — u u, light-coloured. Ditto.

v v, ww, white. Ditto.

xx — h h h (Pecten lineatus). Ditto.

Hi (ditto). Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

2. Argus varius.

Ostrea varia, Linn . S. N. ed. 12. 1146 ; Pulteney Hutch. Dors. 36;
Honor. B. S. i. t. 1. f. 1; Mat. Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 97 ;
Dorset Cat. 38. t. 10. f. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 ; Turt. Conch. Diet .
130 ; Born, Mus. Cces. 104 ; Foli, Test. Sic. ii. 163. t. 28. f. 10;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 260; Mawe , Conchol. 1. 14. f. 4; Ind .
Test. 1. 10. f. 31.

Pecten varius, Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 331. t. 66. f. 633, 634;
Mont. T. B. 146 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 86. t. 61. f. 64 ; Turt.
B. Biv. 214 ; Brit. Faun. 162. no. 294 ; Flem. B. An. 384 ;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 224 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 118 ;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 147 ; Crouch, Intr. Conch, t. 12. f. 4 ;
Sow. Conch. Man. f. 171 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 84 & ii. 58;
Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 76. 1. 19. f. 214-218 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 285. 1. 10. f. 31 ; Loren, Ind. Moll. Sk. 30. 229 ; Forbes, M.
G. S. i. 420. 79; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 273. t. 50, f. 1.
P. monotis, Da Costa, B. C. 151. t. 10. f. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9.

Lister, Conch, t. 178. f. 17, 18; An, Ang. t. 4. f. 30; Knorr,
Helices des Yeux, pt. v. t. 13. f. 2, pt. vi. t. 9. f. 4.
a — -f, dark-coloured. Britain.

g — l, ditto. Ditto.

m — t, red-coloured. Ditto.

u — w, orange-coloured. Ditto.

x, light pink. Ditto.

y, dark pink. Ditto.

z, jun. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

130

BRITISH MOLLUSCA*

3. Argus niveus.

Pecten niveus, Macgilliv. Edinb. Phil. Journ. xiii. 1825, 166. t. 3.
f. 1; Flem. B. An. 384; Thorpe , M. Conch. 250; Brown ,
111. C.t. 34. f. 16, 17, 2nd ed. 74. t. 24. f. 16; Sow. Thes. i. 77,
Pecten, t. 19. f. 223, 224; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
276. t. 50. f. 2, & t. S. f. 3 (animal).
a — d. Inver ary.

e. Hebrides. Presented by W. Nicbol, Esq.

4. Argus danicus.

Pecten septem-radiatus, Muller, Z. Dan. Prod. no. 2992 (fide
Loven ) ; Loven, I. M. 31, 323.

Pecten triradiatus, Mull. Z. Dan. ii. 25. t. 60. f. 1, 2 (fide Loven
Sf Chemn.) ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 420. 81.

Pseud-amusium, Chemn. (not Klein) Conch. Cab. vii. 298. t. 63.
f. 601, 602.

Ostrea liybrida, Gmel. S. N. 3318 (not Synon.) from Chemn. f.601.
Ostrea triradiata, Gmel. S. N. 3326; Dillw. Bee. Shells , i. 264
(from Muller).

Ostrea septemradiata, Gmel. S. N. 3327 (from Muller).

Pecten Danicus, Chemn. Conch. Cab. xi. 265. t. 207- f. 2043 ;
Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 61. t. 12. f. 16, t. 17. f. 187 ; Hanley, Bee.
Shells, i. 277 ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 288. t. 52. f. 1,
2, 7-10.

Ostrea inflexa. Poll, Test. Sic. ii. 160. t. 28. f. 4, 5?

Ostrea elevata, Poli, l. c. i. 161. t. 28. f. 17 ?

Ostrea corallina, Poli, l. c. ii. 164. t. 28. f. 16?; Costa, Test. Sic.

51 ? ; Dillw. B. Shells, i. 255 (from Poli).

Pecten adspersus, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 136 = E. M. t. 212.
f. 6; Jeffreys, Ann. N. Hist. xix. 313; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i.
82, ii. 57.

P. pes-felis, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 140 (part.) ; Jeffreys, Ann.
N. Hist. xix. 313; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 84, ii. 58? (not
Synon.) ; Forbes, Bep. Brit. Assoc. 1845, ii. 66.

Pecten glaber, Mont. T. B. Supp . 60; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 87.
no. 68; Turt. B. Biv. 211; Brit. Faun. 162. no. 293; Thorpe,

B. M. Conch. 117; Flem. B. An. 384 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B .
73. t. 25. f. 3, 4.

Ostrea glabra, Turt. (not Linn.) Conch. Diet. 132.

Pecten Dumasii, Payraud. Cat. Moll. Corse, 75. t. 2. f. 6, 7 ;

Jeffreys, Ann. N. Hist. xix. 313.

Pecten nebulosus, Brown, Edin. Journ. N. Hist. 1835, i. 9. f. 1 ;
III. C. G. B. 72. t. 22. f. 17.

P. Jamesoni, Smith, Mem. Wern. viii. 106. t. 2. f. 1 ; Brown , III.

C. G. B. 73. t. 25. f. 7.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

131

a. Loch Fyne. Presented by the Rev. D. Landsborough.
b — i. Inverary.

j — l. Loch Fyne. Presented by J. Blythe, Esq.
m — o (Pecten septemradiatus). Scotland.
p — t (jun.). Loch Fyne.

5. Argus tigrinus.

Pecten tigrinus, Muller, Z. D. t. 60. f. 6-8 ; Desk. Lamk. Hist .
2nd ed. vii. 155 ; Alder, Cat. Moll . North. 77 ; Loven, I. M.
31 . n. 233 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 285. t. 51 . f. 8-1 1 .
Pecten obsoletus, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 87. no. 66. t. 61. f. 66;
Turt. B. Biv. 213. t. 9. f. 6; Brit. Faun. 162. no. 295; Don.
B. S. i. 1. 1. f. 2; Mont. T. B. 149, fy Supp. 57 ; Flem. B. An.
385 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 226 ; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch.
118; Brown, III. C. G. B. 72. t. 24. f. 6; Sow. Thes. Conch .
i. 71. t. 14. f. 74, 75, 79; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 282. t. 10.
f. 37.

Ostrea obsoleta. Mat. 8f Back, Linn. Trans, viii. 100; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 133 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 263 ; Ind. Test. t. 10.
f. 37 ; Mawe, Conchol. t. 14. f. 6.

Ostrea tigrina, Gmel. S. N. 3327 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 258; Ind .
Test. t. 10. f. 26.

Pecten parvus. Da Costa, B. C. 155.

Ostrea Isevis, Mont. T. B. 150 ; Mat. fy Back. Linn. Trans, viii.

100. t. 3. f. 5 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 263 ; Ind. Test. t. 10. f. 38.
Pecten domesticus, Chemn. xi. 261. f. 2031-203 6.

Pecten Isevis, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 87. no. 67 ; Mont. Test. Brit.
(not Supp.) 150, 579. t. 4. f. 1; Turt. B. Biv. 212 ; Brit. Faun.
162. no. 296; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 117; Brown, III. C.
G. B. 7 2. t. 24. f. 7.

Pecten Armoricanus, Chenu, III. Conch. Pecten, t. 39. f. 1-3.
a, b. Weymouth.

c — j. Tynemouth. Presented by C. Adamson, Esq.
k — d d. Britain.

e e — 1 1 (odd valves). Coast of Cornwall. Presented by
Mrs. Bay ter.

u w — w w, var. Loch Fyne. Presented by R. M‘Andrew, Esq.

6. Argus striatus.

Pecten striatus, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 60. f. 3-5 ; Jeffreys, Ann.
N. H. xix. 313; Aid. Cat. Moll. North. 77 ; Loven, I. M. 31.
n. 235 ; King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 238 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit .
Moll. ii. 281. t. 51. f. 1-4, & t. S. f. 2, animal.

Ostrea fuci, Gmelin, S. N. 3327 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells , i. 258 ; Ind.
Test. t. 10. f. 27 ?; Chemn. Conch. Cab. xi. 263. t. 207. f. 2039*
2040.

132

BRITISH MOLI.USCA.

Pecten aculeatus, Jeffreys, Conch . Mag. i. 40 (not described) ;
Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 71? Pecten, t. 13. f. 47 ; Thorpe, Mar .
Conch. 249. f. 30.

Pecten vitreus /3, var., Gmelin.

Pecten rimulosus, Philippi, Sicil. ii. 60 (fossil?).

Pecten spinosus, Johnston, Trans. Berw. N. C.

Pecten similis, Laskey, Wern. Trans, i. t. 8. f. 8; Brown, III. C.
t. 32. f. 56.

Pect. fuci, Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist, xviii. 385.

P. Landsburgi, Smith, Wern. Mem. viii. 106. 58. t. 2. f . 2 ;

Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 282 ; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. 73. t. 25. f. 8.
Pallium vitreum (part.), Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 335. t. 67.
f. 637 b, c.

a. Hebrides. Presented by R. APAndrew, Esq.
b — d. Oban.

e. Loch Carron, Ross-shire. Presented by J. G. Jeffreys,

Esq.

f — i. Scotland.

j, k (Pecten furtivus, MSS A). Scotland.

7. Argus similis.

Pecten similis, Laskey, Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 387- t. 8. f. 8 ; Flem.
B. An. 385 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Ab. 227 ; Brown, III. C. G. B.
73. t. 25. f. 5, 6 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 293. t. 52.
f. 6, & t. S. f. 1 (animal).

Pecten tumidus, Turt. Biv. 212. t. 17- f. 3; Flem. B. An. 384 ;
Brown, III. C. G. B . 73; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 275; Loven,
I. M. 32. 234.

Ostrea tumida, Turt. Conch. Diet. 132; Sow. C. III.

Pecten pygmeus, ef MuenstN Philippi, Sicil.

P. Isevis, young? Turton.
a — e. Loch Eyne.

f, g. Ditto. Presented by R. APAndrew, Esq.

8. Argus Xslandicus.

Pecten Islandicus, Muller, Z. D. Prod. 284. no. 2990, 1 776 ;
Chemn. vii. 65. f. 615, 616; Turton, Bivalves, 216; Loven, Ind.
Moll. 30. 330; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 119; Forbes, M. G. S.
i. 419. 76; Flem. B. An. 385; Macgilliv. Moll. Ab . 226; Brown,
III. C. G. B. 72. t. 24. f. 2; O. Fabric, Faun. Green. 415;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 145; Say, Amer. Conch, t. 56. f. 1;
Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 75. t. 17. f. 159, 160, 165; Gould, Inv.
Mass. 134. f. 87; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 284 ; Forbes fy Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 303.

Ostrea Islandica, Gmel. S. N. 3326 ; Turt. Diet. 258 ; Ind . Test,
t. 10. f. 21.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

133

Ostrea cinnabarina, Born, Ind. Mus. Cces. 87, 1778; Mas. Cces .

103 ; Billw. R. S. i. 256.

Pecten Pealii, Conrad, Amer. Conch. 12. t. 2. f. 2.

Lister, Conch. 1. 1057. f. 4 ; Sek, Mus. iii. t. 87. f. 7 ; Enc. Meth.
Vers, t. 212. f. 1.

a. Clyde (semifossil). Presented by J. Smith, Esq.

3. Lima.

Lima, Brug. Enc. Meth. 1792 ; Cuvier, Tab. elem. 1798 ; R. An.
1817 ; Lamk. Prod. 1799 ; Syst , 1801; Phil. Zool. 1809; Hist.
vi. 155, ed. 2. vii. 112 ; Sow. Gen. ; Schum. N. Syst. ; Rang ,
Man.; Latr. Fam. Nat.; Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 92;
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
262.

Ostrea, sp., Gmel. ; Linn. S. Nat. ; Billw. R. S.

Glaucus and Glaucoderma, sp., Poli, Test. Sic. 1795.

Argus and Argoderma, part., Poli, l. c.

Glaucion, § a, Oken, Zool. 1815; Naturg. 1821.

Mantellum, Bolten, Mus. 1798, ed. 2. 112, 1819.

Pectunculus, sp., and Concha pectiniformis insequilateralis trian-
gularis, Gualt. Ind. 1742.

Radula, “ P stiver,” Klein, Ostr. 135, 1753.

Ctenoides, Klein, Ostrac. 134, 1753.

Pecten, sp.. Lister, B’ Argenville, O. F. Muller, Martini.

1. Lima Loscombii.

Lima Loscombii, Leach, MSS.; Sowerby, Gen. Shells, Lima, f. 4;
Thes. Conch, i. 86. t. 22. f. 20-22 ; Hanley, Thorpe, M. C. xxx.;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 228 ; Loven, I. M. 32. 242; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. t. 112. f. 4; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 267 ; Forbes
fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 265. t. 53. f. 1-3.

Lima bullata, Turton (not Ostrea bullata. Bom) Biv. 218. t. 17.

f. 4, 5; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 114; Philippi, Sicil. ii. 56.
Pecten fragilis, Mont. T. B. Supp. 62, not Chemn.

Lima fragilis, Forbes, Mag. N. Hist. viiL 594. f. 65 ; Malac .
Monens. 40; Brown, III. C. t. 31. f. 5, 7- 2nd ed. 74. t. 31.
f. 6, 7, 7* ; S. Wood , Mag. N. H. 1839, 235. t. 3. f. 3.

Ostrea fragilis, Turton, Biot. 131.

Lima strigilata, Scacchi, Not. 31 (not Brocchi).
a. Britain.

b — d. Britain. From the Collection of Dr. Leach.

2. Lima hians.

Ostrea hians, Gmelin, S. N. 3332, from Schrcet. Einleit. Conch.
iii. 332. t. 9. f. 4; Billw. Rec. Shells, i. 270; Ind. Test. t. 11.
f. 53.

134

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Lima tenera, Turt. ( not Ostrea tenera, Chemn.) Zool. Journ. ii.
362. t. 13. f. 2; Brown , III . C. t. 31. f. 8, 9, ed. 2. 74. t. 23.
f. 8, 9; Philippi , Moll. Sic. i. 77, ii. 57- t. 16. f. 3 ; Forbes ,
Malac. Monens. 41.

Lima aperta, aSow. Thesaur. i. 57 . t. 22. f. 26-29 ; Thorpe , M. C.

249 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 268.

Lima bullata, Payraud . Moll. Corse, 70; D’Orb. Moll. Canar.

101.

Pecten fragilis, Mont. T. B. Supp. 62.

Lima fragilis, F/em. R. A. 388; Scacchi, Cat A', Couch, Corn.
Faun. pt. ii. 37.

L. oblonga, S. Wood, Mag. N. H. 1839, 233. t. 3. f. 2 ? (fossil).
L. vitrina, Brown, Conch. Text-Book, 1833, 113. t. 15. f. 7 ; III-
C. t. 31. f. 10, 11; ed. 2. 74. t. 23. f. 10, 10*, 11, 11*.

L. Sarsii, Kroyer (fide Loven).

L. inflata, “ Lam.,53 Forbes, Malac. Mon. 41 ; Brown, III. C. G. B .
74.

L. exilis, S. Wood, Mag. N. Hist, new ser. iii. 234. t. 3. f. 1?
(fossil).

L. oblonga, S. Wood, l. c. t. 3. f. 2 (fossil).

Limse, Forbes, Mag. N. Hist. viii. 593, 594. f. 63, 64.

Lima hians, Loven, I. M. 32 ; Forbes Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
268. t. 52. f. 3-5, & t. R. (animal).

a, b. Oban. Presented by R. M5 Andrew, Esq.
c—f. Oban.

g, h. Arran. Presented by the Rev. D. Landsborough.
i — l. Scotland.
m — s. Ditto.

4. Limatula.

Limatula, S. Wood, Mag. N.H. new ser. iii. 236, 1839; Moms,
Brit. Foss. Ill, 1843; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 200;
Herrmannsen, Ind. i. 595.

Pecten, sp., Montagu , Test. Brit. ; Fleming, Ed. Encyc.

Lima, sp., Turton, Brit. Biv.; Sovoerby, Thes. Conch. ; Philippi,
Moll. Sic. ii. 56; Loven, I. M. Skand. 32 ; Forbes 8f Hanley ,
Brit. Moll. ii. 263.

Limula, TTOrbigny, Pal. Frang.

1. Limatula subauriculata.

Pecten subauriculatus, Mont. T. B. Supp. 63. t. 29. f. 2 ; Flem.
Edin. Enc. t. 205. f. 12.

Ostrea subauriculata, Turt. Did. 131 ; Ind. Test. Supp. t. 2,
Ostrea , f. 5.

Lima subauriculata, Turt. Bivalves, 218; Flem. B. An. 388;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 1 14 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 266 ;

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

135

Supp. t. 2 , Ostrea, f. 5; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 56; Sow.
Tfies. Conch, i. 84. t. 22. f. 23 ; Loven, I. M. 32. no. 243 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 263. t. 53. f. 4, 5.

Lima sulcata, Leach , B. M. ; Brown , III. C. t. 31. f. 4, 5 ; 2nd ed.

74. t. 23. f. 4, 5; Moller, Moll . Green. 16.

Ostrea nivea, Brocchi, 571. t. 14. f. 14; Risso.

Lima nivea, Philippi , Mb//. /Sfe7. i. 78.

Lima sulculus, Loven , I?zc/. Mo//. 32 ?

Limatula subaurieulata, S. Wood, Mag . JV. H. 1839, 235. t. 3.
f. 6.

« — e. Oban and Inverary.

Fam. 2. Spondylid^e.

Spondylidae, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1826 ; Syn. B. M. 1840 ; 1842,
84, 92; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 201 ; Geinitz, Grund. d. Verst.
473, 1846 ; Flem. Brit. An.

Argus or Argoderma, Poli , Test. Sicil.

Qstraces, part., Goldfuss , Hand, der Zool . ; Cuvier, R. A. ed. 2.
1830;

Ostracees, part., LamJc. Cour. 104, 1812 ; Latr. Fam. Nat.
Pectenides, part., LamJc. Hist. vi. 153; Rang, Man. Moll. 2 76 ;

Latr. Fam. Nat. ; Feruss. Prod. 40.

Pectinea, part., Menke, Syn. 98, 1830; Anton, Verz. Conch.
12.

Pectenidae, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. SfMag. N. H. xx. 272.
Subostraces, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. x.

Spondyloidae, Agassiz , Nom. Ind. 1847-
Spondylea, Menke, 1 846, in Agass. Nom.

1. Hinnites.

Hinnites, Defrance, Diet. Sci. Nat. xxi. 169, 1821; Sow. Zool .
Journ. iii. 67 ; Conch. Man. 162 ; Desh. in Lamk. Hist. ed. 2.
vii. 148; Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840, 1842; Proc. Z. Soc. 1847,
201; Blainv. Malac. 524, 1825; Flem. Brit. An. 381; Cuvier ,
R. A. ed. 2. 1830; J. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 601; Swains. Malac.
388 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ii. 62.

Hynnites, Herrmannsen, Index.

Hinnus?, S. Wood, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. 1841; Morris, Brit.
Foss . 110, 1843.

Hinnita, Gray, Ann. Phil, new series, xii. 103,1826 ; Feruss. Tab.
Syst. 1821; Menke , Syn. 58, 1828, ed. 2. 98; Agass. Moul. d.
Moll. 24 ; Conrad, Freshwater Shells of United States ?, 1834;
Oken, Isis, 1834, 503 ; Pot. Sf Mich. Gal. ii. 68, 1844 ; Rang,
Man. 278, 1829 ; Desh. Diet. Class. d’Hist. Nat. Sf In. Enc.
Meth. iii. 272.

136

BRITISH MGLLUSCA.

Pecten (sp.), D’Orh. ; Sow , Genera , Pecten , f. 6; Forbes fy Han-
ley, Brit. Moll. ii. 278.

Lima (sp.). Gray.

Ostrea, sp.. Pennant, Brit. Zool. ; Gmel. ; Brocchi.

1. Hinnites pusio.

Ostrea pusio, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1146? ; Don. B. S. i. t. 34.
Pecten pusio, Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 86 (1777), n. 65. t. 61. f. 65;
Flem. Brit. An. 385 ; Sow. Gen. Pecten, f. 6 ; Reeve, Conch.
Syst. t. 114. f. 6; Turton, Biv. 215. t. 17. f. 2, jun.; Brit.
Faun. 161. no. 292; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 84, ii. 58; Sow.
Thes. Conch, i. 72. t. 14. f. 62, 63; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. ii. 278. t. 50. f. 4, 5. t. 51 . f. 7 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Ab. 226 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 119; Lamk. Hist. vii. n. 58?
Pecten distortus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch. (1778), 148. t.10. f. 3-6;
Mont. T. B. 148 ; Supp. 61 ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Sk. 30. no. 231 ;
Alder, Cat. Moll. North. 77.

Ostrea distorta, Pulteney, Dorset, 36.

Hinnites pusio, Sow. Zool. Journ. iii. 71; Conch. Man. f. 173.
Ostrea sinuosa, Gmel. 3319 ; Mat. fy Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 99 ;
Dorset Cat. 38. 1. 10. f. 3-6; Turt. Conch. Diet. 130; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 262 ; Ind. Test. t. 10, Ostrea, f. 34.

Pecten sinuosus, Turt. B. Biv. 210. t. 9. f. 5; Lamk. Hist. 49,
ed. 2. vii. 148; Flem. B. An. 384; Thorpe, M. C. 116; Mac-
gilliv. Moll. Aberd. 225 ; Brown, III. C. t. 33. f. 8, ed. 2. 73.
t. 25. f. 2; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 420. 80; Malac. Monens. 40.
Pecten Isabella, fry, Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 225 (not Lamk.);

Thorpe, B. M. Conch. 250; Brown, III. C. G. B. 132.

Pecten spinosus, Brown, III. C. G. B. 73. t. 24. f. 8.

P. parvus, &c.. List. Conch. 1. 189. f. 23 (A.).

Hinnites sinuosus, Desh. Lamk. ed. 2. vii. 149, note ; Sow. Thes.
Conch, i. 79. t. 20. f. 1-3 ; Cuv. Reg. An. ed. Croch . t. 77- f. 1 ;
Brod. Penny Cyclop, xvii. 359.

Pecten striatus. Sow. Min. Conch, t. 394. f. 2-4 (fossil).
Hinnites, Gray.

Lister, An. Ang. t. 4. f. 31; Hist. Conch. 172. f. 9.
a — e. Scarborough. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
f — n. Britain.

o, p (attached to old Ostrea shell). Falmouth. Presented
by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

Fam. 3. Ostreid^e.

Ostreidse, Brod. Penny Cyclop, xiv. 1839; Gray, Syn. B.M.
1840; 1842, 84, 92; Rev. Zool. 452; Proc. Zool Soc. 1847,
20L

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

137

Peloris or Peloroderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Ostreadae, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. 8f Mag. N . H. xx. 272 ;
Flem. Brit. An.

Ostreacia and Anominia, Rafin. Anal. Nat.

Ostraces §, Feruss. Prod. 40; Rang, Man. Moll , 275.

Ostracees, part., Lamk. Cour. 104; Cuv. R. An.; Goldfuss ,
Handh. 600.

Ostracees, § 1, Lamk. Hist. vi. 195.

Ostreacea, Schweigger , Naturg. 712, 1820; Menke, Syn. 97, 1830 ;
Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.

Ostraeidse, part., D’Orb. Moll. Canar. 1837 ; Pal. Frang. 1845 ;

Geinitz, Grund. 476, 1846; Swainson, Malac. 387.

Ostracea (les Ostracees), Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809; Ext. Cours,
1812 ; Hist. vi. 1819 ; Cuv. R. A. 1817 ; Goldfuss, Hand. Zool.
1820.

Ostreae, Ferussac, Tab. Syst. 1821.

Ostreadae, Fleming ,s Brit. Anim. ; Guild. Zool. Journ. 1828.
Ostraceae, Menke, Syn. 37, 1828.

Ostraceidae, D’Orb. Moll. Canar. 1837; Swains. Malac. 387,
1840.

Ostreina, Agassiz, Nomenclat.

1. OSTREA.

Ostrea, part., Linn. S. Nat.

Ostrea, Lamk. Syst. 1801 ; Hist. A. s.V.v i. 200, 2nd ed.vii. 214 ;
Latr. Fam. Nat. 1825 ; Rang, Man. 1829 ; Menke, Syn. 1830;
Megerle, Entw. 1811; Gray, Lond. Med. Rep. 1821; Syn.
B. M. 1840; 1842, 92 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 201 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 306.

Ostrea 0, Megerle.

Ostrea D., Blainv. Man.

Ostraea, Forbes, Mai. Mon. ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. ; Swains. Mai.
Ostreum (sp.), Adanson. Seneg. 1757*

Dendostraea, Swains. Malac.

Mya, sp., Scopoli, Int. Hist. Nat.?

Alectryonia, “ Fischer, Gray ” Herrmanns. Ind. ii. 390.
Amphidonta, Fischer, Bull. Soc. Mosc. 1829.

Peloris and Peloriderma, sp., Poli, Test. Sicil.

1. Ostrea edulis.

Ostrea edulis, Linn. S. N. 1148 ; Faun. Suec. 520; Chemn. Conch .
viii. f. 682 ; Penn. B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 87. n. 69. t. 62. f. 70 (with an
Anomia upon it); Pulteney Hutch. Dors. 36; Flem. B. An. 392 ;
Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. 1. 18. f. 9, 10; Turt. Conch. Diet. 133;
B. Biv. 204 ; Brit. Faun. 162. no. 297; Mont. T. B. 151 ; Mat .

138

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 101; Dorset Cat. 38. t. 11. f . 7 ;
Lamk . 2nd ed. vii. 217 ; Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 120;

Born, Mus. Ccbs. 113; Brora, I//. C. G. B. t. 31. f. 19, 2nd ed.
71. t. 23. f. 19, & t. 30. f. 6, 7 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 426. 82 ;
Loven , Ind. M. Sk. 30. 228; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 280; Ind.
Test. t. 10. f. 74; Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 60. f. 1; Crouch,
Intr. Conch, t. 12. f. 8 ; Sow, Gen. Shells, Ostrea, f. 1 ; Brown,
Conch. Text-Book, ed. 1. Ill; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 120. f. 1;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 307. t. 54, t. T. f. 1 (animal).
Ostreum vulgare. Da Costa, 154. t. 11. f. 6.

Ostrea borealis, Gould.

Ostrea saxatilis, Turton, Brit. Faun. 162. no. 298.

Ostrea major. List. Conch. 1. 193. f. 30 —List. An. Any. t.4. f. 26.
Ostrea parasitica, Turton (not Gmel.), Diet. J34. f. 81; Bivalves,
205. t. 17. f. 6, 7 ; Thorpe, M. C. 120. f. 108 ; Flem. B. An.
393 ; Brown, III. C. ed. 2. t. 23. f. 20, 21.

Ostrea depressa, Philippi , Sicil. t. 6. f. 3 ; Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag.
N. H. xix. 312.

? Ostrea deformis,.L<m&. Hist. 2nd. ed. vii. 229 ( Turton , Bivalves,
206).

Ostrea Hippopus, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 219.

Peloris vulgaris— Peloriderma edulis, Poli, ii. 255, 259.
a. Belfast Bay. Presented by W. Thompson, Esq.
b — e. Britain.

/ — i. Ditto.
j, k. Dawlish.

I, m. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

Earn. 4. Anomiad^e.

Anomiadae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 84, 92; Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1847? 201 ; Cat. Biv. Moll. Brit. Mus. 7.

Anomia, sp., Linn. S. N. xii. 1150, &c. (not Fab. Colon. 1616).
Anomia, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 31, 1776; Lamk. Syst. 137,
1801.

Echion and Echionoderxna, Poli, Test. Sicil. i. 34, ii. 225.
Ostracees, part., Lamk. Cour. 104.

Ostraeees, § 2, Lamk. Hist. vi. 196.

Ostracea, part., Menke, Syn. 1830 ; Anton, Verz. 12.

Ostraees §, Feruss. Prod. 40; Rang, Man. Moll. 273.

Anomiea, Herrmannsen, Ind. i. 61.

Ostreadse, part., Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xx. 272 ;

Flem. B. An. ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.

?Bursula, sp., Klein, Ost. 173, 1753.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

139

1. Anomia.

Anomia, part., Linn. S. Nat.

Anomia, Muller , Zool. Dan. 1776 ; Retzius, Nov. Gen. Test. 1788;
Brug. Enc. Meth. i. 69, 1789; Lamk. Prod. 1799; Syst. 1801;
Hist. ed. 2. vii. 271; Megerle , Entw. 1811; Latr. Fam. Nat.;
Blainv. Malac.; Rang , Man.; Gray, Med. Repos. 1821; Syn.
B.M. 1840; 1842, 92; Proc. Zool. Soc. 184 7, 201; Cat. Biv .
Moll. Brit. Mus. 14 ; Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 322.
Anomia, A., Schum. Ess. 1817-
Echion and Echionoderma, sp., Poli, Test. Sicil.

Anomya, Agassiz, Moul. d. Moll. i. 23, 1839 (misprint?).
Fenestella, Bolten, Mus. 1798.

Lampades, sp., Meuschen , Mus. Gevers. 1787.

Cepa, sp., Humph. Mus. Calonn. 1797-
Bursula, Klein, fide Desk. Enc. Meth. ii. 150.

Stola, part., Klein, Ostr. 173.

“ iEnigma, Koch” fide Cabinet of Mr. Cuming.

1. Anomia ephippium.

Anomia ephippium, Linn. S. N. 1150; Penn. B. Zool. ed. 4. iv,
93. t. 62 ; Don. B. S. t. 26 ; Mat. Sp Rack. Linn. Trans, viii.
102 ; Dorset Cat . 38. t. 11. f. 3 ; Wood, Linn. Trans, vi. t. 18.
f. 11, 12 ; Mont. T. B. 155 ; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 420. 83 ; Sow.
Conch. Man. f. 186; Sow. Gen. Shells, Anomia ; Mawe, Linn.
Conch, t. 15. f. 6 ; Bowdich , Elem. Conch, pt. 2. Biv . f. 90 ;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 273; Ind. Test. t. 11. f. 3; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 287 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 230 ; Thorpe, B.
Mar. Conch . 121 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 69. t. 22. f. 1-4;
Turt . Conch. Diet. 2; Brit . Biv. 227. t. 18. f. 1-3, t. 17- f. 10 ;
Brit. Faun. 162. no. 299 ; Flem. B. An. 395 ; Born , Mus. Cces.
117 ; Retzius, Nov. Gen. 10 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 81. t. 76.
f. 692, 693 ; Poli, Test. Sicil. ii. 186. t. 30. f. 9, 10; Philippi,
Moll. Sic. i. 92, ii. 65 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. 124 ; Forbes Sp
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 325. t, 55. f. 2, 3, 5, 7, & t. T. f. 2,
animal; Gray, Cat. Biv. Moll. Brit. Mus. 14.

Anomia electrica, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1150; Flem. B.An. 394;
Turton, Diet. i. f. 67 ; Bivalves, 226. t. 17. f. 8, 9; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 120 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 70. t. 46.
f. 5 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 287 ; Ind. Test. t. 11. f. 5; Lamk .
Hist. 2nded. vii. 274; Chemn. Conch. Cab. t. 76. f. 691.
Ostrea leevis. List. Conch, t. 205. f. 29.

Anomia Tunica Cepse, Da Costa, 165. 1. 11. f. 3.

Anom. Cepa, Linn. S. N. 1151 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 85. t. 76.
f. 695 ; Donov. B. Shells, i. t. 26, side figs. ; Flem- B. An. 395 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 121; Brown, III. Conch. G . B. 70.

140

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

t. 39. f. 12* ; Pulteney, Dorset , 3 7 ; Turt. Conch. Diet . 3 ;
Bivalves , t. 18. f. 4, young ; Dillw. Rec . Shells, i. 287 ; Lamk.
Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 274.

Anomia Caepa, Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 182. t. 30. f. I, 2, 5-8;

Echion versicolor and Echionoderma ephippium, Poli, ii. 258,
259.

Jun. Anom. squamula, Linn. S. N. 1150; Faun. Suec. 521; Penn.
B. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 93. n. 71 ; Da Costa, 167 ; Mont. T. B. 156
& 561 ; Turton, Conch. Diet. 3 ; Brit. Bivalves, 229. t. 18.
f. 5, 6, 7; Brit. Faun. 163. no. 300; Forbes, M. G. S. i. 420.
84 ; Pulteney Hutch. Dorset, 36 ; Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans.
viii. 102; Dorset Cat. 39. t. 13. f. 4; Flem. B. An. 395;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 231; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 122;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 69. t. 22. f. 5 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab.
viii. 86. t. 76. f. 696; Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 186. t. 30. f. 18;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 275.

Echion anomalus and Echionoderaia squamula, Poli, ii. 258,
259.

Anomia punctata, Turton, Bivalves, 232. t. 18. f. 11 ; Chemn.
Conch. Cab. viii. 88. t. 77- f. 698 ; Flem. B. An. 395; Macgilliv .
Moll. Ab. 232 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 122 ; Brown, III.
Conch. G.B. 70. t. 39. f. 13*; Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3346; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 288; Ind. Test. t. 11. f. 6.

An. cylindrica, Gmel. S. N. 3349; Schrot. Einleit. Conch, iii.
419. t. 9. f. 13; Turt. Diet. 6; Bivalves, 232; Flem. B. An.
395; Macgilliv. Moll. Ab. 232; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 123;
Dillw. R. Shells, i. 291; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 70. t. 22.
f. 7, 8; Ind. Test. t. 11. f. 13.

An. cymbiformis, Mat. fy Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 104. t. 3. f. 6 ;

Montag. T.B. Supp. 64; Turt. Brit. Faun. 163. no. 303.

A. pyriformis, Lamk. H. 2nd ed. vii. 275 ; Potiez, Gal. Douai,
ii. 41. t. 43. f. 10; Deless. Rec. t. 17- f. 4.

An. fornieata, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 2 75. ? n. 6=Enc. Meth.
t. 170. f. 45; Turt. Bivalves, 234. t. 18. f. 12, 13; Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 123 ; Flem. B. An. 396; Brown, III. Conch.
G. B. 70. t. 39. f. 14*, 15*.

An. tubularis, Turt. Bivalves, 234 ; Flem. B. An. 396 ; Thorpe,
B. Mar. Conch. 124; Brown, III. Conch. G. B . 70.

An. coronata. Bean, Mag. N. Hist. viii. 564. f. 52.

An. peliucida, Brown, Wern. Trans, ii. 514 ; Illust. Conch, t.10*.
f. 5.

An. violacea, Brug. Enc. Meth. 71.

An. costata, Brocchi, 463. 1. 10. f. 9.

An. plicata, Brocchi, Conch. 665. t. 16. f. 9.

An. patelliformis, Chemn. viii. 89. t. 77* f- 700; Dillw. R. S. i. 290.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

141

An. striatula, Brug, Enc. Meth. 74.

? An. bifida, Chemn. viii. 79. t. 76. f. 689, 690; Dillw. R. S. i. 291.
?An. merabranacea, Lamk. vi. 228, ed. 2. vii. 275. no. 7— Enc.
Meth. t. 170. f. 1-3?

An. sulcata, Poli, t. 30. f. 12 ; Brocchi , t. 10. f. 2.

An. radiata, Brocchi , 1. 10. f. 10.

An. pecteniformis, Poli , t. 30. f. 31 ; Philippi , Sic. ii. 63. t. 18.

f. 3.

An. margaritacea, Po/i, ii. t. 30. f. 11; Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 65.
A. flexuosa, Gmel. S. N. 3349 ; Schrot. Einleit. Conch, iii. 418.

t. 9. f. 11; Ind. Test. 1. 12, Anomia, f. 31.

A. rugosa, Gmel. S. N. 3349 ; Schrot. Einleit. Conch, iii. 419.
t. 9. f. 12.

A. patellaris, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 273 ; Deless. Rec. t. 17- f. 3.
A. polymorpha, Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 65.

A. scabrella, Philippi , Moll. Sic. ii. 65. t. 18. f. 1.

An. scabra, Soland. MSS. fide Dillw.

An. lens, Lamk. Hist. vi. 228, 2nd ed. vii. 276. no. 9.

An. aspera, Philippi, Sic. ii. 65. t. 18. f. 4.

An. elegans, Philippi, ii. 65. t. 18. f. 2.

? An. cucullata, Brug. Enc. Meth. 70.
a — e. Britain.
f — k. Ditto.

I — q. Ditto.

r — w. Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.
x, y. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq,
z — b b. Britain.
cc, dd. Ditto.
e e — n n, jun. Britain.

o o — w w. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq,

Yar. Anomia aculeata, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 249; Mont .
Test. Brit. 157. t. 4. f. 5 ; Mat. 8f Rack. Trans. Linn. Soc. viii.
103; Chemn. Conch. Cab. \ iii. 92. t. 77- f. 702; Turt. Conch .
Diet. 4; Brit. Bivalves, 233; Brit. Faun. 123. no. 301;
Flem. B. An. 396; Macgilliv. Moll. Ab. 232; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch . 123. f. 73 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 70. t. 22.
f. 6 ; Brug. Enc. Meth. Vers, i. 73 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 288 ;
Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 214. t. 28. f. 1?; Gould, Invert. Mass.
139. f. 90 ; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 30. 223 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 333. t. 55. f. 4.

Anom. striolata, var., Turt. B. Biv. 233; Flem. Brit. An. 396;
Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 233 ? ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 125 ;
Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 70.
a — g. Britain.

h — m. Ditto. Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

142

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

2. Placunanomia.

Anomia /3, Schumach. Ess. 1817.

Placunanomia, Brod. Proc. Z. Soc. 1832, 29; Muller , Syn. 1/6;
Desk, in Lamk. Hist. vii. 269 ; Gray , Proc. Z. Soc. 1849, 119 ;
Cat. Biv. Moll. Brit. Mus. 8; D’Orb. Amer. Merid.
Pododesmus (decipiens), Philippi , Wiegm. Arch. i. 385, 1837.
Anomia, part., Blainv. Man. ; Montagu , T. B. ; Forbes Sf Hanley ,
Brit. Moll.

Ostrea, sp.. Da Costa , B. Conch. ; Mont. T. B.

Placunomia, Swainson , Malac. 39, 1840.

1. Placunanomia patelliformis.

Anomia patelliformis, Linn. N. A. Upsal. i. 42. t. 5. f. 6, 7 ;
S. Nat. ed. 12. 1151; Loven , I. M. 30. n. 222; Retzius , JVo«?.
Gen. Test. 11 ; Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 334. t. 5. f. 5, 6;
IPoog/ (not Linn.), Ind. Test. t. 11. f. 10.

Placunanomia patelliformis. Gray , CM. Biv. Moll. Brit. Mus. 12.
no. 8.

An. undulata, Gmelin, S. N. 3346; Mont. T. B. 157. t. 4. f. 6;
Mat. Sf Rack. Linn. Trans, viii. 103; Dorset Cat. 39. t. 11.
f. 4 ; Macgilliv. Moll. Aberd. 231; Turt. Conch. Diet. 4 ; Brit.
Biv. 230. t. 18. f. 8-10; Brit. Faun. 163. no. 302; Flem. B.
An. 395; Brown , Conch. Text-Book , ed. 1. 110; III. Conch .
G. jB. 69. t. 22. f. 2, 3 ; Brwigr. Enc. Me'th. i. 74. t. 171. f. 16,
17, t. 184. f. 5, 6 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells , i. 289; t. 11.

f. 9 ; Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 122.

An. undulatim striata, &c., Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 88. t. 77-
f. 699.

Ostreum striatum. Da Costa , B. Conch. 162. 1. 11. f. 4.

Ostrea striata, Pulteney Hutch. Dorset , 36 ; Donov. B. Shells , ii.

t. 45; Mont. Test . Brit. 153 & 580.

An. squama, GmeZ. $. IV. ; Schum. Ess.

Anomia striata, Loven , IwdL Mo//. Skand. 29 ; Forbes Sf Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 336. t. 55. f. 1-6, t. 53. f. 6.

? Squama magna, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 87. t. 77. f. 697 (from
which Anomia squama, Gmel. Sf Wood).

List. Ang. t. 4. f. 27 ; Conch, t. 202. f. 36, 3/.

? j- (An. striata.) Britain.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

143

Class II. BRACHIOPODA.

Brachiopoda, Cuvier, Ann . du Mus . i. 44, & in Roissy , Moll. vi.
460, 1805 ; Dumeril, Trait, elem. 1806 ; Lamk. Phil. Zool .
1809 ; Latr. Fam. Nat. ; Schweigg. Naturg. 689 ; Rang, Man.;
Flem. Brit. An. ; Menke, Syn. i. 95, 1836 ; Gray, Syn. B. M.
1840; 1842,85; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 20 2; Nat. Hist .

2nd ser. ii. 435, 1848.

Anemia, part., Finn. 8. Nat.

Criopus or Criopoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Branchiopoda, Risso, Hist. iv. 1826; Swains. Malac. 1840.
Spirobrachiophora, Gray, Med. Repos. 1821, 238.

Lingulacea, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. x. 1818.

Acepiialophora palliobrancbia, Blainville, Prodr. 1814.

Acephala Brachiopoda, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.

Acephala Palliobrancbiata or Brachiopoda, Forbes fy Hanley ,
Brit. Moll . ii. 339.

Conchiferes monomyaires. Sect, in., Lamk. Hist. vi. 229.
Conchiferes Brachiopodes, Lamk. Hist. vi. 241.

Mol. acephala testacea monomyaria (monomyaires), part., Lamk .

Hist. vi. 1, 2nd ed. vii. 1.

Brachyopea, Rafin. Anal. Nat. 1815.

Acephales testaces, Brachiopodes (and Ostracees, part.), Lamk .

Foot, du Cour. 104, 1812 ; Rang, Man. Moll. 257.
Palliobrancbiata or Palliobranches, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. xxxii,
1824; King, Ann. fyMag. N. H. xviii. 1846.

Multivalves, part., Megerle, Berl. Mag.

Therozoa Brachiopoda, Eichwald, Zool. Spec. i. 27 2.

Order I. SARCICOBRACHIA.

Sarcicobrachia, Gray, Ann. N. H. 2nd ser. ii. 436, 438, 1848, King .
Fam. 1. Craniamj.

Craniadse, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 192; Ann. 1 V. H.
2nd ser. ii. 438, 1848; Agassiz , Nom. ; Herrmanns. Ind. i. 315;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 364.

Craniacea, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 96, 1830.

Craniacese, Menke, Syn. ed. 1. 56, 1828.

Orbiculacea and Craniacea, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12, 1839.

Les Cranies, Feruss. Tab. Syst. 1821; Rang, Man. Malac . 262 ;
Desh. Enc. Meth.

Franiidee, King, Ann. N. H. xviii. 28, 1846.

144

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

1. Crania.

Crania, Retzius, Schrift. Ges. Nat. Berlin , ii. 66, 1781 ; Diss. 11.
1788; Brug . Enc. Meth . i. 1789; Lamk. Prod. 1799;

1801; PM. ZooZ. 1809; Hist. ed. 1. vi. 237, ed. 2. vii. 297;
Megerle, Entw. 1811; Scham. N. Ess. 1817 ; Feruss . Th6. Syst.;
Rang, Man. ; Schweigg. Naturg. ; Blainv. Malac.; Latr. Fam.
Nat. ; Menke, Syn. 56 ; Philippi, Moll. Sicil. ; Gray, Lond.
Med. Repos. 1821; Ann. Philos. 1825; Syn. B.M. 1840;
1842, 92; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 202; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. ii. 365.

Criopus and Criopoderma, Poli, Test. Sic. ; Flem. Brit. An.

Cry opus, Desh. E. Meth.

Orbicula, sp., Lamk . Syst. 1801; Schum. N. Ess.

Discina, Turt. Brit. Biv. (not Lamk.).

Patella, sp., Fabr., Muller, Montagu.

Anomia, sp., Linn., Chemn.

1. Crania anomala.

Patella anomala, Mull. Z. D. t. 6.

Pat. distorta, Mont. Linn. Trans, xi. 195. 1. 13. f. 5; Flem. Ed.
Enc. vii. 65. t. 204. f. 4.

Anomia turbinata, Billw. Rec. Shells, i. 286 (part.); Ind. Test.
t. 11. f. 2.

Discina ostreoides, Turt. B. Biv. 237, not Lamk.

Crania person ata. Sow. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 471. t. 26. f. 3;

Crouch, Intr. Conchol. t. 13. f. 3?

Criopus anomalus, Flem. Phil. Zool. ii. 499; B. An. 37 7*

Crania rostrata, Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 125.

Orbicula Norvegica, Potiez Sf Mich. Gal. Douai Moll. ii. t. 43.

£ 1? ; Brown, III. C. G. B. 69. t. 22. f. 9, t. 20. f. 21, 22.
Crania Norvegica, Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 368. t. 73. f. 15-17.
Crania anomala, Loven, Ind. Moll. Sk. 29 ; Forbes Sf Hanley ,
Brit. Moll. ii. 366. t. 56. f. 7, 8 ; t. U. f. 2 (animal as C. Nor-
vegica).

a, b. Cork. Presented by Miss Elliot.
c. Ditto. Presented by J. D. Humphreys, Esq.

Order II. AN CYLOBRACHIA.

Ancylobrachia, Gray, Ann. N. H. 2nd ser. ii. 435, 436, 1848.
Fam. 1. Terebratulid^e.

Terebratuladse, Leach, MSS. 1818, Ann. Mag. N. II. xx. 273.
Terebratulidae, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 85, 92; M6Coy,
Carb. Foss. Ireland ; King, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii. ;

BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 14^

Gray, Ann . N. H. 2nd ser. ii. 436, 1848 ; Forbes 8f Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 343.

Terebratulacea, Menke, Syn. ed. 2. 95, 1830.

Terebratulacea, part., Anton, Verz. Conch. 12. 21.
Terebratulacese, Menke, Syn. ed. 1. 56, 1828.

Les Terebratules, Feruss. Tab. Syst . 1821 ; Rang, Man. Moll.
258.

Terebratulinae, Agass. Nomen. 1847-
Lingulae, part., Eichw. Zool. Spec. i. 275.

Thecididae, part. (Megathyris), D’Orb. Terr. Cret. iv.
Cyclothyridae, Phillips, Pal. Foss. Cornwall.

1. Terebratula.

Terebratula, Llwyd, Lith. Brit. 40, 1699; Muller, Zool. Dan.
1776; Retzius, Dissert. 1788; Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809; Hist .
vi. 243, ed. 2. vii. 319; Loven, Ind. Moll. Skand. 29; Leach,
Zool. Miscell. i. 76, 1814; Schum. Ess. 133; Feruss. Tab.
Syst. 1821; Rang, Man. 1829; Gray, Lond. Med. Repos, xv.
1821; Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 92; Proc. Zool. Soc . 1847,
202 ; Menke, Syn. 1828 & 1830 ; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll.

ii. 349.

Concha anomia. Fab. Colonna, Tract, de Purp. 1616.

Criopus and Criopoderma, Poli, Test. Sicil.

Grypbus, Muhlf. Entw. 64, 1811.

Lampas, sp.. Humph. Mus. Calonn. 1797 (not Schum.).
Lampades, Meusch. Mus. Gevers. 1787-
Anomia, sp. (animal), Linn. Syst. Nat.

Terebratularius, Dumer. Zool. Anal. 168, 1806.

Apleurotis, Megorima, Trigonina, Diclisma, Obovites, Terebra-
tula, Rqfin. Anal.

1. Terebratula Caput-serpentis.

Anomia Caput-serpentis, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1153; Faun. Suec.
ed. 2. 521; Act. Upsal. 1773, i. 41. t. 5. f. 3; Born, Mus. Cces.
119 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 103. t. 78. f. 712, & xi. 248.
t. 204. f. 2013 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 293; Ind. Test . t. 11.
f. 22.

Anomia retusa, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1151 ; F. Suec. ed. 2. 521 ;
Dillw. R. Shells, i. 292.

An. pubescens, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1153; Schroter, Einl. Conch.

iii. 397. t. 9. f. 10; Dillw. R. Shells, i. 293 ; Ind. Test. t. 11.
f. 20.

An., nov. sp., Pennant, Act . Upsal. 1773, 39. t. 5. f. 4.
Terebratula pubescens, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 449. no. 3007.

G

146

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Terebrat. Caput-serpentis, Lamk . (not Retzius) Hist. 2nd ed. vii.
332 ; Sow. Gen. Shells , Terebrat. f. 2 ; Philippi, Moll. Sic. i.
95. t. 6. f. 5, & ii. 66; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 126. f. 2; Sow.
Thes. Conch, i. t. 68. f. 1-4, t. 72. f. 116; Forbes fy Hanley,
Brit. Moll. ii. 353. t. 56. f. 1-4.

Terebrat. costata, Lowe, Zool. Journ. ii. 105. t. 5. f. 8, 9.
Terebrat. aurita, Flem. Philos. Journ. ii. 498. t. 4. f. 5 ; Brit. An.

369; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 127; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 68.
Delthyris spatula, Menlce, Syn. 96, 1830.

Terebratulina Caput-serpentis, D’Orb. Pal. Frang. T. C. iv. 58 ;
Davila, Cat. Cab. i. t. 20. f. F ; Poli, Test. Sic. ii. t. 30. f. 15
(part of a group) ; Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 246. f. 7-
a (group in situ). Loch Fyne.
b (ditto). West Coast of England.

c — e. Locb Carron, W. Ross-shire. Presented by J. G.

Jeffreys, Esq.

/ — p. Loch Fyne.

q, r. Ditto. Presented by the Rev. D. Landsborough.
s — x. Oban.

2. Terebratula Cranium.

Terebratula Cranium, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 249. no. 3006 ;
Mont. Trans. Linn. Soc. xi. 188. 1. 13. f. 2 ; Turt. B. Biv. 236 ;
Flew,. B. An. 368 ; Moll. An. t. 14. f. 49 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 126 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B . 68. t. 22. f. 10-12 ;
Loven, Moll. SJcand. 29; Forbes ty Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 357-
t. 57. f. 11.

Anomia Cranium, Gmel. S. N. 3347; Turt. Conch. Diet . 5 ; Dillw.

Rec. Shells, i. 294 (part., not Synon.).

Terebratula vitrea, Fleming (not Born nor Chemn.), Ed. Encyc.

vii. 96. t. 206. f. 2 ; Philos. Zool. t. 4. f. 4.

Inhab. — ?

2. Lampas.

Lampas, sp., Humph. Mus. Calonn. 1797 ; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1847,202.

Lampus, Herrmanns. Ind. i. 575 (misprint?).

Terebratula, sp., Lamk. Hist.

Anomia, sp., Gmel. S. N.

Hypothyris, Phillips, Paleoz. Foss, of Cornw. 1841; King, Ann.

N. H. xviii. 238 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 345.
Atrypa, sp., Menke, Syn. 1830; Sow. Conch . Man. 1842.

1. Lampas psittacea.

Anomia rostrum psittaci, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 106. t. 78.
f. 713.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

147

An. psittacea, Gmel. S. Nat. 3348; Turt . Conch. Diet. 5. f. 42-44;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 296 ; Ind. Test. 1. 11. f. 27 ; Mawe, Linn.
Conch. t. 15. f. 3.

Terebratula psittacea, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 333 ; Turt. Brit.
Biv. 236 ; Flem. Brit. An. 368 ; Thompson, Ann. N. Hist. xiii.
433 ; Thorpe, B. Mar. Conch. 127 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B.
68. t. 46. f. 2-4 ; Alder, Cat. Moll. North. 74 ; Crouch, Int.
Conch, t. 13. f. 4 ; Sowerby, Gen. Shells, Terebrat. f. 5 ; Thes.
Conch, i. 342. t. 71. f. 78-80 ; Sow.jun., Conch. Man. f. 202;
Gould, Invert. Mass. 142. f. 91 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. 1. 126. f. 5.
Hypothyris psittacea, King, Ann. Nat. Hist, xviii. 238 ; Forbes
fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 346. t. 57. f. 1-3.

Lampas psittacea, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 202.

Gypidia psittacea, Menke, Syn. 96, 1830.

Inhab. — — ?

3. Megathyris.

Megathyris, JTOrbigny, Terr. Cret. iv. ; Forbes ty Hanley, Brit.
Moll. ii. 359.

Terebratula, sp., S. Wood.

? Orthis, part., Philippi.

1. Megathyris Cistellula.

Terebratula Cistellula, S. Wood, Ann. N. Hist . vi. 253 (fossil).
Terebratula seminulum?, Jeffreys, Ann. N. Hist. xix. 312.
Megathyris Cistellula, Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 361. t. 57.
f. 9.

Inhab. South Devon, Exmouth, in coral zone, Clark. Torquay,
Turt on.

a — c. Sound of Skye, in 25 fathoms. Presented by R.
M‘Andrew, Esq.

148

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Class III. PTEROPODA.

Pteropoda, Cuvier , Ann. du Mus. iv. 1804; R. An. ii. 1817 ;
Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. xliv. 1826; Lamk. Phil. Zool. 1809;
Ext. Cours , 1812; Hist. vi. 283, 2nd ed. vii. 412; D’Orb.
Voy. Am. Merid. 65; Rang, Man. Moll. 112; Bronn, Gesch.
d. Nat. iii. 353, 1847; Gray , Syn. B.M. 1842, 85, 92; Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1847, 203; Catalogue of Pteropoda in Brit. Mus.
1850; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 3 77-
Acephales, part., Blainv. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1814, 179.
Pterobranches or Pterodibranches, Blainv. Bull. Soc. Philom.

1814, 1 77 ; Organ. An. i. t. 8, 1822.

Pterodibranchiata, Blainv. Journ. de Phys. 1816 (test. Agassiz,
Nomen.); Diet. Sc. Nat. xliv. 31.

Pterodybranchiata, Blainv. Journ. de Phys. (test. Agass. Nom.).
Stomatopteropliora, Gray, Lond. Med. Repos, xv. 1821.
Aporobranehiata (Aporobranches), Blainv . Malac. 480, 1825.
Mollusca nuda nageant, part., Latr. Diet. Hist. Nat. xxiv. 108,
1804.

Flossenkracken, Oken, Allg. Naturg. v. 518.

Cephalopoda pinnata, Esch. Zool. Atlas, iii. 1829; Menke, Zeitsch.
Mai. 72, 1844.

Cephalopoda, part., Swains on.

Clio, Browne, Jamaica, 386, 1756; Linn. S. N. ed. 12. i. 1094,
1767.

Mollusca brachiata, part., Poli, Test. Sic. i. 27.

Cephalophora Pteropoda Hyalacea, Anton, Verz. Conch. 12.
Therozoa pteropoda, Eichw. Zool. Spec. i. 310.

Order I. THECOSOMATA.

Thecosoma, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. xxxii. 1824 ; Malacol. 1825 ;

Desh. Enc. Meth. iii. 1036; Herrmanns. Ind. ii. 571.
Thecosomata, u Blainv f Rang, Man. 112; Gray, Syn. B.M.
1842, 86, 92; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 203; Catalogue of Ptero-
poda in Brit. Mus. 1850.

Cryptocephala, Latr. Earn. Nat. 169, 1825.

Pterobranchia and Dactyliobranchia, Gray, Lond. Med. Repos.
1821, 235.

Hvalinees, D’Orb. Voy. Am. Merid. 77-

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

149

Fam. 1. Cavqlinid^e.

Cavolinidse, Gray , Cat. Moll . Pteropoda Brit. Mus. 1850.
Cleodoridse, Gray, Syn. B. M. 1840; 1842, 86, 92; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1847* 203; M. E. Gray, Fig. Moll. An. i. 39. t. 77, 78;
Agassiz , Nomenclat.

Dactyliobranchia, Gray, Lond. Med. Repos. 1821.

Hyalaeacia, Menke, Syn. 2nd ed. 6. 1830; Anton , Verz. 24, 1839 ;

Gravenh. Das Thierr. Verwandt. 33.

Hyalseacise, Menke, Syn. ed. 1.

Hyaleacia, Herrmanns. Ind. i. 543.

Hyaleidae (Hyaleides), Cantraine, Mai. Medit. 1841.

Hyalidae, D’Orb. Moll. Canar. 1837 ; Moll. Cub. i. 70, 1841.
Hyalese (Les Hyales), Feruss. Tab. Syst . 1821 ; Rang, Man. ;
Desk. Enc. Meth. iii. 310.

Acephalacis insequivalvibus bivalvibus, Lamk. Syst. 139.
Acephales, part., Latr. Diet. Hist. Nat. xxiv. 119, 1804; Blainv.
Bull. Soc. Phil 1814, 179.

1. Diacria.

Diacria (trispinosa). Gray, Syn . B. M. 1840; 1842, 92; Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1847, 203; Cat. Moll. Pterop. Brit. Mus. 1850;
Agass . Nomenclat.; Herrmanns. Ind. i. 383.

Hyalea /3 (elongata). Rang, Man. 1 14, 1829.

Hyabea **, D’Orb. Voy. Am. Mer. 77 ; Cuba, 80.

Hyalea, sp., Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 379.

1. Diacria trispinosa.

Hyalea trispinosa, Lesueur, MSS. in Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. xxii.
82 ; Thompson, Ann. N. Hist. v. 13 ; Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843,
249 ; Quoy fy Gaim. Voy. Ast. vii. 378. t. 27. f. 17-19 ; Desh.
Enc. Meth. Vers, ii. pt. ii. 310; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 417,
421 ; Cuv. Regn. An. ed. Griff, t. 3. f. 7; D’Orb. Voy. Am. Mer.
106. t. 7- f. 1-5; Moll. Canar. 29. no. 14; Moll. Cuba, 81;
Philippi, Moll. Sic. ii. 71 ; Loven, K. Vet. Akad. 1847, t. 3. f.4;
Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 380. t. U. f. 3 ; Rang, Monog.
ined. t. 3 ; Guerin, Icon. R. An. t. 4 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat.
xxii. 82.

Hyalea mucronata, Quoy fy Gaim. Ann. Sc. Nat. x. 231. t. 8, 13.

f.1,2!

H. triacantha, Guidotti , in Bronn, Ital. 85 (fossil).

H. depressa, Bivona, Efem. Sicil. t. 1. f. 4, 5; Philippi, Moll
Sic. i. 101 . t. 6. f. 19 (fossil).

150

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Hyales a trois pointes, Voy. Bonite, Moll. t. 6. f. 1, 10; Chenu ,
Traite elem . 125. f. 403, 404.

Davila , Cat. Cab. i. t. 20. f. el; Chemn. Conch. Cab . viii. 65.

vignette 13. f. c, d.

Inhab, ■■ — ?

Fam. 2. Limacinid^b.

Limacinidae, Gray , Syn. B. M. 1840 ; Proc . Zool . Soc. 1848, 203 ;

Cat. Moll. Pterop. Brit. Mus. 1850.

Limacinadae, Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 379, 1849.
Pterobranchia, a : Gray , Lond. Med. Repos. 1821, 235.
Hyaleacea, part., Menke , Syn. 4, 1828, ed. 2. 8, 1830.

Hyaleae, part.. Rang, Man. 113, 1829.

Atlantarum, part.. Desk. E. Meth. iii. 343, 1830.

Hyalidae, part., D’Orb. Moll. Cuba, i. 70, 1841.

Limacinae (les Limacines), part., Feruss . Tab . Syst. 25, 1821 (not
Swains, nor Blainv.).

Procephala, part,, Latr. Fam. Nat . 1825.

Atlantidae, part. ?, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 149.

1. Limacina.

Limacina (helicinalis), Cuv. R. An. iii. 1817 ; LamJc. Hist. vi.
290, 1819, 2nd ed. vii. 435; Schweigger, Nat. 750, 1820;
Gray, Med. Repos. 1821 ; Cat . Moll. Pterop. Brit. Mus. 1850;
Feruss. Tab. Syst. 25, 1821 ; Menke, Syn. 4, 1828, ed. 2. 8,
1830; D’Orb. Moll. Cuba, i. 70 ; Rang, Man. 113, 1829; Esch.
Isis, 1825, 735 ; Desk. E. Meth. iii. 343 (not Hartmann, 1821,
nor Wiegmann, 1832, nor Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc . 1847, nor
Sowerby’s Genera).

Spirialis, Eydoux fy Souleyet, Rev. Zool. 1840, 235; Wiegm.
Arch. 1841, ii. 265 ; Loven, I. M. Skand. 4 ; Gray, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1847, 203 ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll . ii. 382.
Trochus, sp. (lunaris), Gmel. S. Nat. ; Chemn. C. Cab. ix.
Spiratella (limacina), Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. xxxii. 284, 1825 ;
Man. Mai. 494, 1825; Desh. E. Meth. iii. 471; Sow. Conch.
Man. 100, ed. 2. 263.

Fusus, sp. (retroversus), Flem. Mem. Wern. iv. 498 ; Brit. An.
349.

Kronjacbt, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 1815, t. 9.

Peracle (Flemingii), Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 132, 249 ;

Moll. uEg. Sea, 132, 1844.

Helicophora, Gray, Syn. B.M. 1840; 1842, 59, 89.

Atlanta, sp. (heliconoides), D’Orb. Voy. Am. Merid. Moll. 174,
184.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

151

Scaea, Philippi , Moll. Sic. ii. 164.

Limacina, sp., Benson, Journ. As. Soc. Calcutta , 1835, 176.
Heterofusus (retroversus), Fleming , Brit. An. 498, 1833; Gray ,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 149.

Argonauta, sp., 0. Fabr.

Clio, sp., Phipps ; Gmel. S. Nat.

Heliconoides, D’Orb.; Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, 149.
Campylonaus, Gray , Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, 149 (not Benson).

1. Limacina retroversa.

Chemn. Conch. Cab. ix. 129. 1. 113. f. 6972, 6973?

Fusus retroversus, Flem. Mem. Wern. iv. 498. t. 15. f. 2 ; Brit.
An. 349 ; Edin. Enc. 1. 12. f. 45 ; Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch.
201.

Spirialis Flemingii, Forbes & Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 384. t. 57.
f. 4, 5.

Heterofusus reversus, Flem. Mem. Wern. iv. 498.

Scaea retroversa, Philippi , /Sic. ii. 164, from Fleming.

? Scaea stenogyra, Philippi , MoZZ. /Sic. ii. 164. t. 25. f. 20.

Peracle Flemingii, Forbes , Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1848, 249 ; Jeffreys ,
4»». IV. Hwf. xx. 1847, 16.

? Peracle physoides, Forbes , Rep . Brit. Assoc. 1843, 132.
Limacina retroversa, Gray, CaZ. MoZZ. Pterop. Brit. Mus. 33.
a—f. Isle of Skye. Presented by R. Mf Andrew, Esq.
y — k. Arran.

2. Limacina MacAndrei.

?? Turbo lunaris, GmeZ. /S. N. 3587, from Chemn. Conch . Cab. ix.
128. t. 113. f. 971 (broken).

? Scaea lunaris, Philippi , MoZZ. Sic. ii. 164, from Chemn.

Spirialis MacAndrei, Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 385. t. 57-
f. 6, 7.

Limacina MacAndrei, Gray , CaZ. MoZZ. Pterop. Brit . Mus. 33.
Xnhab. South of Ireland; M( Andrew.

3. Limacina Jeffreysii.

Spirialis Jeffreysii, Forbes fy Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 386. t. 57.
f. 8.

Limacina Jeffreysii, Gray , Cat. Moll. Pterop. Brit. Mus. 32.
Inhab. British Channel ; Jeffreys.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

153

REPUTED BRITISH SPECIES.

This List contains not only the reputed British species , but all
those which have been erroneously considered as indigenous by
various writers on British Shells, either by assuming species to
be natives which are not so, or from false references.

The habitats of the species are given, followed by an indica-
tion of the authority for their introduction into the Fauna.

1. Dione circinata.

Venus circinata, Born, Mus. Cces. 61. t. 4. f. 8 ; Chemn. Conch.

Cab. vi. 312. t. 30. f. 311; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 169.

Venus Guineensis, Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3270 ; Turton, Conch. Diet .
237 ; Born, Mus . t. 4. f. 3; Chemn. f. 311, 312 ; Mont. Test .
Brit . Supp. 48 & 168 ; Dorset Cat. 35.

Chione circinata. Gray, Analyst, 1838, 305.

Cytherea Guineensis, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 311; Turt. Brit.
Biv. 161; Flem. Brit. An. 445; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 84 ;
Hanley, Recent Shells, 100.

Cytherea circinata, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 399.

Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 265. f. 1.

Inhabits the South Atlantic Ocean. Introduced by Montagu, as
taken in the Firth of Forth by Mr. Laskey.

a. “ Weymouth.’5 From the Collection of Colonel Montagu.

2. Chione pallida.

Venus pallida, Turton, Brit. Biv. 150. t. 10. f. 5 ; Flem. Brit. An.
448 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 90 ; Forbes fy Hanley. Brit.
Moll. i. 422.

Inhab. ? One worn specimen is said, by Turton, to have

been taken at Dawlish.

3. Chione granulata.

Venus granulata, Gmelin, S. N. 3277 ; Donov. B. S. iii. t. 83;
Mont . T. B. 122 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 85 ; Turt. Conch. Diet.
240, & Brit. Biv. 145; Brit. Faun. 158. no. 270; Dillw. Rec.
Shells, 171 ; Flem. Brit. An. 447 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
88 ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 29 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 344 ; Han-
ley, Rec. Shells, i. 114. t. 7. f. 29; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. i. 425.

Venus Marica, Born, Mus. Cces. 59. t. 4. f. 5, 6 (not Linn.).
Venus Marica, spuria, Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 314. t. 30. f. 313.
Inhab. West Indies. Said to have been taken in Cornwall, Do-
novan. Falmouth (dead) ; Montagu.

g 5

154

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

4. Chione dysera.

Venus Dysera, Linn. S. N. 1130; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 294.
t. 28. f. 287-289 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 23 7 ; Brit. Biv. 147. t. 9.
f. 4 ; Mont. T. B. Supp. 43 ; Flem. Brit. An. 447 ; Reeve,
Conch. Syst. t. 68. f. 2.

V. cingenda, Dillw. R. S. i. 161 ; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 6.

V. cancellata, Gronov. Zooph. fasc. 3. 1. 1. f. 8. no. 1149. p. 270 ;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 341 ; E. M. Vers , t. 268. f. 1; Hanley,
Rec. Shells, 112. t. 7- f. 6 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit . Moll. i. 425
(not Don.).

Venus elevata, Say, Journ. Ac. Sc. Phil. ii. 272.

List. Conch, t. 27 7, 278.

Inkab. W. Indies. Said to have been found in the Firth of Forth
by Mr. Laskey ; Montagu. Guernsey ; Turton. Birkenhead
(from ballast) ; Forbes Sf Hanley.

5. Chione Paphia.

Venus Paphia, Linn. S. N. 1129; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 159;
Chemn. vi. 267. t. 27. f. 274-276; Ind. Test. t. 7- f. 2; Desk,
in Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 371; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 112;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 425.

Pectunculus Vetula, Da Costa, B. Conch. 190. t. 13. f. 5.

Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 279; Knorr, Verg. ii. t. 28. f. 2; Regen-
fuss, Choix Coq. t. 7- f- 11.

Inhab. West Indies. Introduced as British, by Da Costa, in a
mistake.

6. Chione subcordata.

Venus subcordata, Mont. T. B. 121. t. 3. f. 1; Linn. Trans. \ iii.
82; Turton, Conch. Diet. 237 ; Brit. Biv. 145; Brit. Faun ,
158. no. 269 ; Flem. Brit. An. 447 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
87; Ind. Test. t. 7* f. 16; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 166 ; Forbes
Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 423.

Crassina subcordata. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Venus radiata, Chemn., immature state?; Forbes Sf Hanley, l. c.
423.

Inhab. W. Indies. One specimen, taken at Falmouth, in sand ;
Montagu.

a. “ Britain/’ Mus. Mont.

7. ? Venus subrhomboidea.

Venus subrhomboidea, Mont. T. B. Supp. 49. t. 28. f. 2 ; Turt.
Conch. Diet. 246 ; Laskey, Wern. Mem. i. ; Flem. Brit. An.
448 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 426.

BRITISH MOLLUSCAo

155

Crassina subrhomboidea, Turt. Brit. Biv. 129.

Jnhab. ? A single specimen is recorded to have been

dredged off St. Abb’s Head by Mr. Laskey ; Montagu.

8. Capsa deflorata.

Venus deflorata, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1133. no. 132; Gmel. 3274.
no. 24 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. ed. 4. iv. 82. t. 57. f. 54 ; Turt. Brit.
Faun. 158. no. 271; Schroeter, Einl. iii. 131. no. 21; Chemn.
Conch, vi. t. 9. f. 79; Brooks, Introd. Conch. 66. t. 3. f. 28 ;
Dillw. R. S . i. 186. no. 65.

Venus versicolor, Gmel. 3281. no. 63.

Venus purpurata, Gmel. 3289. no. 100.

Sanguinolaria rugosa, Lamk. Hist. v. ed. 2. vi. 170; Desh.Enc.
Meth. iii. 925. no. 1.

Fsammobia rugosa. Sow. Gen. Psammoh. f. 1.

Lister, Conch, t. 425. f. 272, 273 ; Knorr, Vergn. ii. t. 20. f. 5,
v. t. 2. f. 2 ; Enc. Meth . t. 23L f. 3, 4.

Inhab. Indian Ocean. Introduced as British upon the authority
of Pennant.

9. Sph^erium lacustre.

Cyclas lacustris, Drap. Moll. Ter. et Fluv. France, 130. t. 10.
f. 6, 7 ; Turt. Man. Land 8f Freshwater Shells, 14. t. 1. f. 4 ;
2nd edit. Gray, 17- t. 1. f. 4; Lamk. A. s. V. 2nd ed. vi. 268 ;
Pfeiff. Deutsch. Land und Sussw. Moll. i. 122. t. 5. f. 6, 7 ;
Kickx, Moll. Brab. 88; Gras, Moll. terr. et fluv. France, App.
23 (from Drap.) ; Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 118.

Inhab. France. “ Exmouth;” Jeffreys.

10. Cardium serratum.

Cardium serratum, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1123; Flem. Brit. An. 423 ;
Dillw. R. S. 124; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 193. 1. 18. f. 189 ;
Mawe, Conchol. t. 7* f. 2; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 133; Reeve,
Conch. Icon. Card. t. 1. f. 1; Forbes 8c Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii.
39.

Cardium laevigatum, Spengler, Mag. Berl. Ges. Nat. ii. 125 ;

Lamk. H. n. 26, ed. 2. vi. 403; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 99.
Card, citrinum, Wood, G. Conch, t. 54. f. 3; Turton, Bivalves,
492. 1. 13. f. 5.

Inhab. West Indies. Introduced by Dr. Fleming by mistake for
C. lacvigatum of Turton.

11. Cardium medium.

Cardium medium, Linn. S. N. 1122 ; Chemn. Conch, vi. 169. 1. 16.
f. 162, 163 ; Don. B. S. i. t. 32. f. 1; Mont. T. B. 83 ; Linn.
Trans, viii. 61 ; Wood, Gen. Conch. 211. t. 50. f. 3 ; Turt. Conch .

156

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Diet. 32; Lamk. Hist. v. n. 40, ed. 2. vi. 409 = IL M. t. 296.
f. 1; Flem. Brit. An. 422 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 169. t. 16.
f. 162, 163; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 113; Mawe, Conchol. t. 7 •
f. 1 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 141 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. Card.
t. 6. f. 30 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 39.

List. Conch, t. 316. f. 153.

Inhab. West Indies. Introduced by Donovan, probably in mis-
take for C. exiguum.

12. Cardium muricatum.

Cardiuxn muricatum, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1123; Fleming, Brit.
An. 421 ; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 185. t. 17. f. 177 ; Brug. Enc.
Meth. Vers, i. 233; Wood, Gen. Conch. 216. t. 51. f. 2, 3;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 120 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 399 ; Ind .
Test. t. 5. f. 14 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 132. t. 5. f. 114 ; Reeve ,
Conch. Icon. Card. t. 6. f. 33 ? ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll.
ii. 40.

Inbab. West Indies. Introduced by Dr. Fleming, from a speci-
men probably brought in ballast to Leith.

13. Cardium grcenlandicum.

Cardium Grcenlandicum, Chemn. Conch, vi. 202. t. 19. f. 198;
Spengler, Skrivt. Naturh. Selsk. v. pt. 1. 46; Mag. Berl. Ges.
Naturf. ii. 126; Wood, Gen. Conch. 227 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed.
vi. 407 ; Gould, Invert. Mass. 92 ; Dekay, New York Moll .
206. t. 23. f. 250; Dillw. Rec. Shells , i. 129 ; Ind. Test. t. 5.
f. 28; Hanley, Rec. Shells,!. 134; Reeve, Conch . Icon. Card,
1. 10. f. 53 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 39 ; Mindendorff,
Mai. Rossica, iii. 41. 1. 16. f. 69; Beck, Gaim. Voy. Island, 1. 15.
Cardium boreale, Reeve, Conch. Icon. t. 22. f. 131, young.
Venus Islandica, 0. Fab. F. Green. 411 (fide Moll.).

Mactra radiata, Don. B. S. v. 1. 161 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 80 ; M. Sf
R. Linn . Trans, viii. 69 ; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 138.

Cardium anodonta, Blainv. Man. Mai. 658.

Cardium edentulum, Solander, MSS. ; Mont. T. B. Supp. 29 ;

Flem . Brit. An. 423 ; Sow. Gen. Shells, Card. f. 2.

Apbrodita Columba, Lea, Amer. Phil. Trans, v. 110. t. 18. f. 54.
Inbab. North Sea. Taken, after a storm, by Mr. Laskey, near
Portsmouth; Donovan,
a. “ Britain.”.

14. Spxsula fragilis.

Mactra fragilis, Chemn . Conch. Cab. vi. 236. t. 24. f. 235 ; Turt.
Brit. Biv. t. 4. f. 10 ; Flem. B. An. 428; Thorpe, Brit. Mar.
Conch. 48; Dillw. R. S. i. 144; Conrad, Amer. Mar. Conch.
t. 14. f. 3; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 368.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

157

Mactra dealbata, Pultn. Hutchins’ Hist. Dors. 31; Mont. Test.
Brit. 95. t. 5. f. 1; Linn. Trans, viii. 68. t. 1. f. 10; Dorset
Cat. 32. t. 7- f . 7 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 80; Brit. Faun. 154.
no. 242 ; Flem. B. An. 428 ; Brown , IZZ. C. G. B. 107. t. 41.
f. 8, 9.

Mactra Braziliana, Lamk. A. s. V. ed. 2. vi. 106 ; Hanley, Bee .

Shells, 31 ; t. 10. f. 60.

Spisula fragilis, Gray, Loud. Mag. N. H. i. 374, 1837.

Inhab. America. Introduced by Dr. Pulteney as a native of
Dorset.

a. “ Firth of Forth.” Mus. Laskey.

15. Paphia cornea

Mactra cornea, Poli, Test. Sic. ii. t. 19. f. 8-11.

Donax plebeia, Pulteney, Hutchins’ Dorset, 32 ; Mont. T. B. 107.
t. 5. f. 2 ; Dorset Cat. 34. t. 5. f. 13 ; Turt. Conch. Diet. 42 ;
Brit. Biv. 126 ; Brit. Faun. 156. no. 253 ; Flem. Brit. An. 434 ;
Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 152 ; Ind. Test. t. 6, Donax, f. 9.

Erycina plebeia, Sow. Gen. Shells, Erycina, f. 3; Conch. Man.
f. 86.

Mesodesma Donacilla, Desh. Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. vi. 133;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 53 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 45. f. 5 ;
Hanley, Rec. Shells, 39; Supp. t. 11. f. 41 ; Philippi, Moll.
Sic. ii. 29; Desh. Exp. Sc. Alger. Moll. t. 39-42, shell & animal.
Amphidesma Donacilla, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 126.

Donacilla Lamarckii, Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 37.

Tellina variegata y, Gmel. 3237= Lister, t. 389. f. 288.

Peronsea ramosa=Peron8eoderma cornea, Poli, ii. 252, 258.
Mesodesma cornea, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 348.

Inhab. Mediterranean. Introduced by Dr. Pulteney as taken at
Weymouth.

a — e, odd valves. Britain.” Mus. Mont, from Mus. Pul-
teney.

16. Paphia deaurata.

Mactra deaurata, Turt. Brit. Biv. 71. t. 5. f. 8 ; Flem. B. An. 4 27.
Mesodesma deauratum, Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 53 ; Hanley,
Rec. Shells, 39 ; Supp. t. 1, Mactra, f. 9 ; Forbes Sc Hanley,
Brit. Moll. i. 346.

Mactra denticulata, Gray, in Wood’s Ind. Test. Supp. 1. 1, Mac-
tra, f. 9.

Erycina denticulata. Gray, Ann. Philos. 1 825 ; Griff. A.K.t. 22. f. 2.
Mesodesma Jauresii, De Joannis, Mag. Zool. 1834, Moll. t. 54 ;

Gould, Invert. Mass. 58. f. 38; Dekay, New York Moll. 231.
Inhab. N. America, mouth of the St. Lawrence. Introduced by
Turt on as dredged off Exmouth.

158

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

1/. Ervilia NITENS.

Mya nitens, Mont. T. B. Supp. 165; Laskey , Wern. Trans, i. 375.
t. 8. f. 4; Turt. Conch. Diet. 103; Wood , Gera. CoracA. 101;
Dillw. Bee. Shells , i. 47.

Ervilia nitens, Turt. Brit. Biv. 56. t. 19. f, 4; Flem. B. An. 431;
Thorpe , Brit. Mar. Conch. 5 ; Becluz , £oc. Cm®. 1845,

Moll. t. 96, iw Chenu , III. Conch. Ervilia , 3 ; Sow. Conch.
Man. f. 497 ; Hanley , Bee. Shells, 43 ; Philippi, Wiegm. Arch,
f. Naturg. 1847, t. 3. f. 9 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 344.
Amphidesma? nitens. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Amph. purpuraseens, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 129 ; Hanley, Be -
cent Shells, i. 43.

Syndosmya purpuraseens, Becluz , Bev. Zool. 1843, 365.

Inhab. West Indies. Introduced by Montagu, on the authority
of Mr. Laskey, as taken near Dunbar.

18. Ervilia castanea.

Donax castanea, Mont . T. B. 573. t. 17. f. 2; Linn. Trans, viii.
77; Turt. Conch. Diet. 42; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 152; Ind.
Test. t. 6, Donax, f. 10.

Capsa castanea, Turt. Brit. Biv. 128. t. 10. f. 13 ; Flem. Brit. An.

434 ; Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 96. t. 39. f. 12.

Mesodesma castanea, Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 54.

Ervilia castanea, Becluz, Mag. de Zool. 1845, t. 95, Sf in Chenu ,
III. Conch. Ervilia, p. 3; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 341.
t. 31.f. 5, 6.

Iphigenia? castanea, Gray, P. Z. S. 1847, 187.

Inhab. Red Sea. Single dead valves taken in deep water between
Scilly and Cornwall ; Hanley. Near Penzance ; MacAndrew.

19. PsAMMOBIA LaSKEYI.

Tellina Laskeyi, Mont. T. B. Supp. 28. t. 28. f. 3 ; Turt. Conch.

Diet. 173; Wood, Gen. Conch. 179.

Psammobia Laskeyi, Turt. Brit. Biv. 89 ; Flem. Brit. An. 438 ;
Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 63 ; Brown, III. C. G. B. 103. t. 39.
f. 32; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 281.

Inhab. W. Indies ; Humphreys. Introduced by Montagu, as
having been dredged by Mr. Laskey in the Firth of Forth.
a— e. “ Britain.” Mus. Mont.

20. Tellina bimaculata.

Tellina bimaculata, Linn. S. N. 1120 ; Da Costa, B. Conch. 213;
Pultn. Hutch. Hist. Dorset, 70; Donov. B. S. i. t. 19. I 1 ;
Mont. T. B. 69 ; Linn. Trans, viii. 57 ; Dorset Cat'. 3 1. t. 5.
f. 7 ; Turt. Conch. Diet . 178 ; Brit. Faun . 151. no. 212 ; Brit .

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

159

Biv . 104. t. 8. f. 5 ; Flem. B. An. 435 ; Thorpe , B. Mar. Conch.
68; Chemn. Conch. Cab. vi. 132. t. 13. f. 127, 132 ; Dillw. R.
S. i. 101 ; Lamk. A.s.V. 2nd ed. vi. 207 ; Ind. Test. t. 4. f. 83 ;
Hanley, Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 250. t. 56. f. 16, 19—22 ; Forbes
Sy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 309.

Tellina sex-radiata, Lamk. A. s.V. 2nd ed. vi. 207 ; Ind. Test.
Supp . 1. 11. f. 37-

Inhab. W. Indies. Taken on the coasts of Clare and Cork, Ire-
land, IMZ; Dublin, Warren', Cork and Waterford, Thompson,
a, b. “ Torbay, Devonshire.55 Presented by — Spencer, Esq.

21. Tellina similis.

Tellina similis, Sow. Brit. Miscell. t. 75 ; Mont. T. B. Supp. 167 ;
Turt. Brit. Biv. 102 ; Philippi, Abbild. und Bes. pt. 9. t. 5. f. 7 ;
Hanley, in Sow. Thes. Conch. 285, Tellina, t. 57- f. 65.

Inhab. W. Indies. Introduced by J. Sowerby, as taken by
Mr. Stokes at Brighton.

a — e. “ Britain.55 From Mr. Sowerby’s Collection.

22. Rupellaria substriata.

Venus substriata, Mont. T. B. Supp. 48. t. 29. f. 6 ; Turt. Conch.
Bid. 245 ; Brit. Biv. 152 ; Flem. Brit. An. 448 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 91.

Venerupis decussata, Philippi, Moll. Sicil. i. 22. t. 3. f. 5, ii. 20 ;
Desh. Fxped. Algerie, Moll. t. 66. f. 10-13, shell and animal;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 159.

Inhab. Mediterranean Sea. Dredged off Isle of May, in Firth
of Forth, by Mr. Laskey ; Montagu. “ Probably brought in
ballast;55 Forbes Sy Hanley.

23. Phqlas striata.

Pholas striata, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1111; Mont. T. B. 26 & 559;
Sow. Gen. f. 2; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 120; Linn.
Trans, viii. 31 ; Dorset Cat. 27- t. 1. f. 7 ; Turton, Did. 147;
Brit. Faun. 146 ; Brit. Bivalves, 11 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch.
31; Wood, Gen. Conch. 83. t. 16. f. 1-4; Ind. Test. t. 2. f. 7 ;
Brown, III. C. 115. t. 49. f. 5, 8; Mawe, Conch, t. 3. f. 1; Sow.
Gen. f. 1, 2; Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 24. f. 2; Rees’ Cyclop.
Shells, t. 8.

Phol. nana, Pulteney , Dorset, 27, 1 799 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit.
Moll. i. 119.

Ph. conoides, Parsons, Phil. Trans. Iv. 1. 1. 1 ; Flem. Brit. An.
457.

Pholas pusilla, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1111; Don. B. Shells, iv. t. 117;
Chemn. viii. t. 102. f. 867-871; Dillw. R. S. i. 38; Spenqler,
Skrivt. Naturf. Selsk. ii. 95.

160

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Pholas lignorum, Spengler, Beschaft. Berl. Ges. Nat. iv. t. 5
f. 1-5.

Pholas clavata, Lamlc. Hist. ed. 2. 46 (not var. c.) ; Encyc. Meth.
t. 170. f. 1, 2, 3; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 7-

a — c „ “ Devonshire/5 Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

d (in situ). Ditto. Ditto.

e, f. “ Teignmouth.55 Presented by J. B. Harvey, Esq.

24. ? Pholadidea sulcata.

Pholas sulcata. Brown, III. Conch. G. B. 115. t. 48. f. 17, 18;

Forbes 8f Hanley, Brit. Moll , i. 128.

Inhab. ? A single valve, found at Dunbar ; Brown.

25. Teredo bipennata.

Teredo bipennata, Turt. Conch. Diet. 184. f. 38-40, Brit. Biv.
15 ; Flem. B. A. 454 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 28 ; Brown ,
III. C. G. B. 116; Gray, Phil. Mag, 1827, 411 ; Hanley, Rec.
Shells, 4 ; Supp. t. 9. f. 51; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. i.
80. t. 4. f. 9-11.

T. navalis?, Spengler, SJcrivt. Nat. SelsJc. ii. pt. 1. t. 2. f. 1-3 a.
Inhab. Sumatra. In drift wood at Scarborough, Bean ; Ireland,
W. Thompson ; Ball. British Channel, Bulwer.
a. “ Britain.55 Presented by Mrs. Robinson.

26. Mac ha divisa.

Solen divisus, Speng. SJcrivt. Nat. Selsk. iii. 96, 1794; 0. Fab.

SJcrivt. Nat. SelsJc. iv. 1. 10. f. 11, 12.

Solen bidens, Chemn. Conch, xi. 203. 1. 198. f. 1939, 1795; Han-
ley, R. S. 16.

Solen fragilis, Pulteney, Hutchins’ Dorset, 28, 1799 ; Mont. T. B.
51, 565; Supp. 26; Dorset Cat. 29. t. 4. f. 5 ; Turton, Diet .
163; Flem. B. A. 460; Wood, Conch. 126. t. 29. f. 4, 5; Ind.
Test. t. 3, Solen, f. 11; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 65; Thorpe, B .
Mar. Conch. 37 ; Gould, Invert. Mass. 31 ; Conrad, Amer. Mar.
Conch, t. 4.

Psammobia tseniata, Turt. Biv. 85.

Solen centralis, Say, Journ. Acad. Sci. Phil. ii. 316.
Solenocurtus bidens, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit . Moll. i. 265.
Inhab. West Indies. Introduced by Dr. Pulteney as found in
Dorsetshire.

27. Macha gibba.

Lister, Conch, t. 421 , f. 265.

Solen gibbus, Spengler, SJcrivt. Nat. SelsJc. iii. 104, 1794.

Solen declivis, Turton, Conch. Diet. 164. t. 22. f. 80(1819);
Flem. B. A. 460 ; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 37.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

161

Solen Guineensis, Chemn. Conch, xi. 202. t 198. f. 1927, 1795;
Wood, Conch. 129.

Solen Caribseus, Lamk. Hist.v. 1818, ed. 2. vi. 5 S=Ency. Meth.

t. 226. f. 1; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 14.

Psammobia declivis, Turt. Biv. 91.

Solecurtus Caribseus, Gould, Invert. Mass. 30 ; Delay, N. York
Moll. 243. t. 32. f. 302.

Solen Bouchardii, Potiez, Gall. Moll. ii. 261. t. 68. f. 4, 5.
Solenocurtus gibbus, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 267.
Inhab. Atlantic Ocean. N. America; Gould. W. Indies. Intro-
duced as from the Scilly Isles by Dr. Turton.

28. Glycimeris Aldrovandi.

Lister, Conch, t. 414.

Mya glycimeris, Linn. S. N. i. 11; Born, Mus . 20. t. 1. f. 8;
Chemn. Conch . vi. 33. t. 3. f. 25; Don. B. S. iv. t. 143; Mont.
T. B. Supp. 19; Linn. Trans, viii. 34; Turton, Diet. 107;
Wood, Conch. 14. t. 25. f. 1 ; Dillw. R. S. i. 42.

Panopsea glycymeris, Turton, Bivalves, 42 ; Desh. Elem. Conch.

t. 7. f.l; Brown, III. C. t. 10*. f. 1.

P. Aldrovandi, Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. vi. 67 ; Blainv. Man. t. 80. f. 2 ;
Flem. B. A. 462; Crouch, Introd. t. 3. f. 1; Philippi, Moll.
Sicil. i. 7. t. 2. f. 2. ii. 6; Hanley, Rec. Shells, 18; Valenc .
Arch. Mus. i. 9. t. 4. f. 1 ; Chenu, III. Conch, i. t. 1 ; Elem.
46. f. 144 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 178.

Inhab. Mediterranean. Introduced as British, by Donovan, for
the Panopgea Norvegica.

29. Yqldia glacialis.

Nucula truncata. Brown, III. C. G. B. t. 25. f. 19.

Nuc. glacialis. Gray, in Parry’s Voyage, Sf Wood, Cat. Supp .
t. area, f. 6.

Leda truncata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 233.

Inhab. the Arctic Sea. Introduced by Capt. Brown.

30. Mya Uddevaljlensis.

Mya Uddevallensis, Forbes, Mem. Geol. Survey, i. 407 ; Hancock,
Ann. N. H. xviii. 337.

M. truncata, var., Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 168 ; King,
Ann. Nat. Hist, xviii. 236.

Inhab. Greenland. Procured by Mr. King from a fishing-boat
on coast of Northumberland.

31. Magdala plicata.

Mytilus plicatus, Gmel. S. N. 3358?; Mont. T. B. Supp. 70 (not
Chemn.); Laskey, Wern. Mem. i. t. 8. f. 2; Turton, Conch.
Diet. 114.

162

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Saxicava plicata, Turton , Bivalves , 22.

Psammobia ? plicata, Jeffreys, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xix. 314.
Anatina plicata. Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825.

Lyonsia plicata, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. i. 218.

Inhab. West Indies; Guilding. Skye (taken alive!); Laskey.
Ryde ; Hanley !

32. Astarte castanea.

Astarte castanea, Say, Amer. Conch, t. 1; Conrad, Am. Mar.
Conch. t, 17. f. 3; Gould, Inv. Mass. 76. f. 45; Manley, Bee.
Shells, Supp. t. 9. f. 27 ; Philippi, Abbild. ii. 57, Astarte, 1. 1.
f. 2; Delay, New York Moll. 220. t. 28. f. 280 ; Forbes Sf
Hanley, Brit . Moll. i. 470.

Crassina castanea, Desh. in Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 258 ; Hanley,
Bee. Shells, i. 88.

Venus castanea. Say, Journ. Acad. N. S. Phil . iv. 273.

Venus sulcata, Mont . Test. Brit. 131 (not Pectunc. sulcatus of Da
Costa) ; Mat. Sf Back. Linn. Trans, viii. 81. t. 2. f. 2; Dillw.
Bee. Shells, i. 166.

Astarte sulcata, Flem. Brit. An. 439.

Crassina sulcata, Brown, III. Con. G. B. 96. t. 38. f. 10.

Inhab. N. America ; United States. Common in British Cabinets.

33. Lucina orbicularis.

Venus orbicularis, Mont. T. B. Supp. 42. t. 29. f. 7 ; Turt. Conch.
Diet. 241.

Cytherea orbicularis, Flem. B. A. 446.

Cyprina orbicularis, Turt. Biv. 138 ; Hanley, Thorpe, M. C. xxvii. 83.
Lucina orbicularis, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 62.

Inhab. W. Indies. Introduced by Montagu as taken at Dunbar
by Mr. Laskey !

34. Codakia tigrina.

Venus tigerina, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. 1134; Chemn. Conch. Cab.
vii. t. 37. f. 390, 391; Pulteney , Hutchins’ Dorset, 34; Mont.
T. B. 119. t. 4. f. 1; Mat. Sf Back. Linn. Trans, viii. 86. t. 2.
f. 5; Dorset Cat. 35. 1. 1. f. 14; Turt. Conch. Diet. 240.
Cytherea tigerina, Turt. Biv. 164. 1. 10. f. 12; Flem. Brit. An. 445.
Lucina tigerina, Lamk. Hist. 2nded. vi. 319 (not vars.); Thorpe,
Brit. Mar. Conch. 76 ; Desh. Flem. Conch. 1. 16. f. 4, 5 ; Han-
ley, Bee. Shells, 78 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 64.
Inhab. W. Indies. Introduced by Dr. Pulteney as taken at Wey-
mouth, Studland and Poole.

35. Unio batavus.

Mya Batava, Wood, Conch. 403. 1. 19. f. 1, 2.

Mysca Batava, Turton, Man. ed. 1. 20. f. 10 (cop. of Wood).

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

163

Mya pictorum, Montagu , T. B. 36; Donov. B . S. 1. 176.

Unio batavus, Gray, in Turton Man. 2nd ed.

Inhab. Continent of Europe. Introduced by Dr. Turton as
British, in mistake.

36. Unio ovalis.

Mya ovalis, Mont. T. B. 563 ; Donov. B. S . t. 89.

Mya ovata, Wood, Conch. 105. 1. 19. f. 5.

Mysca ovata, Turt. Biv. 246 ; Man. ed. 1. 21. f. 12.

Unio Batava, Lamk. Hist. v. 78, 2nd ed. vi. 542 ; Pfeiffer , i. t. 5.
f. 14.

Young shell elliptical ovate, Pfeiffer, ii. t. 2. f. 23,

Unio ovalis. Gray, in Turt on’ s Man. 2nd ed.

Inhab. Continent of Europe. Introduced by Montagu.

37. Arca Nile?

Area Nose, Turton, Conch. Diet. 9 ; Brit. Biv. 166 ; Flem. Brit.
An. 397; Thorpe, Mar. Conch. 101; Poli, Test. Sic. ii. 128.
t. 24; Desh. Exp. Alger. Moll. t. 120; Mat. fy Back. Linn.
Trans, viii. 91 ; Forbes Sp Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 234 (note).
Inhab. Mediterranean. Introduced by Dr. Turton.

38. MYTILUS BIDENS.

Mytilus bidens, Linn, (not Born nor Dillw.) S. N. ed. 12. 115 ;
Desh. Lamk . Hist. ed. 2. vii. 39 ; Forbes Sc Hanley, Brit . Moll.
ii. 178.

Mytilus striatulus, Schroter, Einleit . Conch, iii. 449. t. 9. f. 16;
Turt. Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 350 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 110;
Ind. Test. t. 12. f. 19.

Perna striatula, Betz. Nov. Gen. Test. 21.

Mytilus exustus, Lamk. (not Born, Gmelin, nor Dillw.) Hist. 2nd
ed. vii. 39 ; Thorpe, Brit. Mar. Conch. 22 ; Desh. E. M. Vers,
Supp. ii. 559 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 244.

Lister, Hist. Conch, t. 366. f. 206 ; Ency. Meth. Vers, t. 220.
f.2(?), 3, 4.

Inhab. W. Indies. Introduced by Dr. Turton, upon the authority
of Mr. Bean, as having been found by him at Scarborough on
floating timber.

a, b. “ Scarborough.” From the Collection of Mr. Bean.
c — h. Ditto.

39. Mytilus crenatus.

Mytilus crenatus, Lamk . Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 38; Willcox, Zool.
Journ. i. 590 ; Beport Brit. Assoc, iii. ; Sowerby, Linn. Trans. ;
Gen. Shells, Myt. f. 3 ; Davies Sf Willcox, Ann. Phil. 1825,
148; Zool. Journ. i. 584; j Reeve, Conch. Icon. t. 102. f. 3;

164

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Hanley, Rec. Shells, i. 244; Brown, III. Conch, t. 31. f. 1, 2,
ed. 2. 77- t. 23. f. 1, 2; Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 180.
Enc. Meth. Vers, t. 217. f. 3.

Inhab. New Zealand, & c. Introduced by Mr. C. Willcox as

naturalized at Portsmouth.

40. Mytilus Africanus,

Mytilus Africanus, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 160. t. 83. f. 739-741;

Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 181.

Myt. Afer, Gmel. S. N. 3358 ; Lamk. Hist . ed. 2. vii. 44 ; Han-
ley, Rec. Shells, i. 248.

Myt. ungulatus (jun.), Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 310 ; Turt. Conch.

Bid. Ill; Brit. Faun. 164. no. 308; Flem. B.A. 411.

Moule d’Afrique, Blainv. Man. Malac. t. 64. f. 2.

Enc. Meth . Vers, t. 218. f. 1 ; Knorr, Helices des Yeux, vi. t. 4. f. 1.
Xnhab. Africa. Introduced by Hr. Fleming , adhering to vessels
from African coast.

41. Lithodomus aristatus.

Le Ropan, Adans. Seneg. 267 • t. 19. f. 2.

Mytilus aristatus, Soland. MSS. ; Dillw . R. S. i. 303 (1817);
Ind. Test. t. 12, Mytilus, f. 8.

Mytilus lithophagus striatus, J. Sow. Linn . Trans, viii. 274. t. 6.
f. 2 (1804).

Modiola caudigera, Lamk. Hist. 1st ed. vi. 116 (1819), 2nd ed. vii.
27 ; Philippi, Abbild. ii. 149, Modiola , t. 1. f. 5 ; Hanley, Rec .
Shells, i. 238. 1. 12, Mytilus, f. 8.

Lithodomus caudigerus. Sow. Gen. Shells, Lithodomus, f. 4 ;
Reeve, Conch. Syst. t. 99. f. 4.

Lithodomus Lithophagus, Flem. B. An. 414 ; Thorpe, M. C. 111.
Callitriche lithodoma, and Callitrichoderma Lithophaga, Poli , ii.
254,259.

Lithodomus aristatus, Forbes Sf Hanley , Brit. Moll. ii. 212.
Ency. Meth . Vers, t. 221. f. 8.

Xnhab. W. Africa and W. Indies. Occurs in limestone used for
repairing roads near London. Very rare; Thorpe.

42. Lithodomus fuscus.

Mytilus fuscus, Gmel. S. N. 3359, from Lister, Conch, t. 359.
f. 197; Dillw. Rec. Shells, i. 306; Brown, Wern. Trans, ii.
513; Turton, Conch. Did. 113; Linn. Trans, iv. 297 ; Ind .
Test. t. 12. f. 12.

Modiola cinnamomea, var., Lamk. A. s.V. 2nd ed. vii. 25.

Mod. fusca, Deshayes, Lamk. 1. c. vii. 28 ; Hanley, Rec. Shells,
i. 239. 1. 12. f. 12.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

165

Lithodomus fuscus, Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 213.
Schroter, Einleit. Conch, iii. 459.

Inhab. E. Indies. Introduced by Capt. Brown as found at
Sligo.

43. Pinna carnea.

Pinna carnea, Gmel. S. N. 3365 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 326 ;
hid. Test. t. 12, Pinna , f. 6 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 252. 1. 12,
Pinna, f. 6 ; Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 259.

Pinna baud ignobilis, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 212. t. 87. f. 769.
Pinn. saccata, Schroter (not Linn, nor authors ), Einleit. Conch.

iii. t. 9. f. 17-

Pinn. muricata, Pulteney, Hutch. Dors. App. 39; Mont. Test.
Brit. 183. t. 5. f. 3; Dorset Cat. 41; Turt. Conch. Diet. 149 ;
Brit. Biv. 224 ; Flem. Brit. An. 406.

Pinn. flabellum, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 61 (part.) ; Knorr, De-
lices des Yeux, pt. ii. t. 23. f. 1.

Inbab. W. Indies. Introduced by Dr. Pulteney as found on the
Dorset coast.

44. Perna alata.

Ala Corvi pendula, Chemn. Conch. Cab. vii. 253. t. 59. f. 581.
Ostrea alata, Gmel. S. N. 3339 ; Dillw. Bee. Shells, i. 283.
Ostrea perna, Wood , Ind. Test. 1. 11. f. 78.

Perna obliqua, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 75 ; Hanley, Bee. Shells,
i. 258.

Perna ephippium, Sow. (not Lamk.) Gen. Shells, Perna, f. 2;
Beeve, Conch. Syst. 1. 106. f. 2.

Crenatula Travisii, Turt. Mag. N. Hist. vii. 350. f. 47 ; Brown,
111. C. G. B. 75. t. 23. f. 20.

Perna alata, Forbes fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 260.

Knorr, Helices des Yeux, pt. vi. t. 21. f. 1.

Inhab. ?

45. Pecten Jacob^eus.

Pecten Jacobsens, Penn, (not Flem.) B. Z. ed. 4. iv. 85. t. 60.
f. 62; Mont. T. B. 144; Da Costa, 143; Turt . B. Biv. 20 7;
Brit. Faun. 161. no. 189; Hanley, Bee. Shells, i. 269 ; Brown,
III. C. G. B . 71. t. 24. f. 5; Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vi. 130;
Philippi, Moll. Sic. i. 78, ii. 56 ; Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 46. 1. 15.
f. 107, 108. t. 17. f. 153 ; Cuv. Begn. An. ed. Croch . t. 75. f. 2 ;
Forbes Sf Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 305.

Ostrea Jacobsea, Linn. S. N. 1144 (not Turt.); Mus. Ulrich.
522; Pulteney, Dorset, 36; Don. B. S. iv. t. 137 ; Mat. Sf
Back. Linn. Trans, viii. 97 ; Dorset Cat. 37. t. 13. f. 2 ; Born,

166

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

Mus. Cces. 98 ; Poll, Test. Sic. ii. 149. t. 27 ; Dillw. Rec .
Shells , i. 248.

P. Jacobi, Chemn. vii. 273. t. 60. f. 588, 589.

Argus calyculatus and Argo derma Jacobeus, Poll , ii. 254, 259.
List. Conch. 1. 165. f. 2, 1. 166. f. 3 ; Enc. Meth. Vers , t. 209. f. 2.
Inhab. the Mediterranean. Introduced by Pennant , as British,
and said to be found at Weymouth by Dr. Pulteney. Corn-
wall and Scarborough, Da Costa,
a — e. 66 Britain ? 55

46. Ostrea Crista galli.

Mytilus Crista galli, Linn. S.N. 1155; Montagu, T. B. 166;
Mat. 8f Rack. Trans. Linn. Soc. viii. 104; Turt. Conch. Diet.
109 ; Brit. Faun. 164. no. 313 ; Born , Mus. Cces. 120 ; Dillw.
Rec. Shells, i. 300.

Auris porci, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 52. t. 75. f. 684.

Ostrea crista galli, Lamk. 2nd ed. vii. 234 ; Sow. Gen. Shells ,
Ostrea, f. 2 ; Penny Cyclopced. xvii. 363 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst.
t. 121. f. 2; Cuv. R . An. ed. Croch. t. 72. f. 3 ; Chenu, Leg.
Elem. Hist. Nat. 108. f. 358 ; Forbes & Hanley, Brit. Moll.
ii. 321.

Knorr, Delices des Yeux, pt. v. t. 16. f. 1.

Inhab. Asia. Introduced as taken alive on bottoms of ships by
Montagu ; Turt on.

47. Ostrea frons.

Ostrea frons, Chemn. Conch. Cab. viii. 61. t. 75. f. 686; Forbes
fy Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 321.

Mytilus frons, Linn. S. N. 1155; Born, Mus. Cces. 123, Vign. 6.
p. 121; Burrows, Elem. Conch. 1. 10. f. 4; Dillw. Rec. Shells,
i. 301 ; Ind. Test. 1. 12, Mytilus, f. 3.

Ostrea Crista Galli, Mont, (not Lamk.) Test. Brit. 160? ; Turt.
Brit. Biv. 202.

O. rubella, Lamk. Hist. An. s. Vert. 2nd ed. vii. 231 ; Cuv. R.
An. ed. Croch. t. 72. f. 2.

O. limacella and erucella, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 231.

O. folium, Sow. Gen. Shells, Ostrea, f. 3 ; Reeve, Conch. Syst.

t. 121. f. 3 ; Sow. Conch. Man. f. 181.

Argenville, Conch, t. 23. f. D.

Inhab. W. Indies. Introduced as taken alive on the bottom of a
foreign vessel by Turt on.

48. Discina ostreoides.

Discina Ostreoides, Lamk. Hist. 2nd ed. vii. 297 ; Thorpe, Brit.
Mar. Conch. 125.

BRITISH MOLLUSCA.

167

Orbicula Norvegica, Sow. (not Lamk.) Linn. Trans, xiii. 468.
t. 26. f. 2 ; Sow. Gen. Shells , Orbicula , f. 3, 4, 5 ; Reeve , Conch.
Syst. 1. 129. f. 3-5.

Crania (/3), Schum. Essai ,

Discina Norvegica, Crouch, Introd. Conch . t. 13. f. 2.

Orbicula striata, Sow. Thes. Conch, i. 366. t. 73. f. 8 ; Forbes fy
Hanley, Brit. Moll. ii. 368.

Inhab. ? Found in ballast used to mend roads in the neigh-

bourhood of London.

THE END,

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