090¢ Wenn ame mt TN > r oe —— Pa : = -~ - ot ae ~~ - > — . Soya ue - ayy AILS Wah ne.” ‘ TAT AT Ya V7 wy eal ow? ae ba 8 ? ae Bo ji vel Wat sw ng | pe ’ ’ 4 . ‘ - e 7 ’ . j . he ~ “" ij : ‘ fi ™ 7 yi iu oor ya 4 } , ree ii 1 a! CT exept cates 4 \ an Aa i ‘ ey wth 4 tN hag ; bs any r= } Ne dp? ss a es i} : a i f a Tah ea te Re? \ mA) eR holt Be iS Ae Ao ada Sede aes Py OF) h ; fe +) Moe es iia if ait Bre Way 5 hh i rr a i pan f mm 8) ‘ is Nail Ty Vahey 27 r re é THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SERIES. YOR. LAL Thatloph : / | r A MANUAL OF THE BRITISH DISCOMYCETES WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE SPECIES OF BeweN GA HITHERTO FOUND IN BRITAIN, INCLUDED IN THE FAMILY AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENERA WILLIAM PHILLIPS, F.L.S. CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE CRYPTOGAMIC SOCIETY OF SCOTLAND, AND THE BIRMINGHAM NATURAL HISTORY AND MICROSCOPICAL SOCTETY a sEcoND EDIT1I0n + b (@ LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., Lr? 1893 . ny ) MT. AY AWW, 1, * Bil 5 Per 4 week jp is ij & i? ar ytr Pro es * re ana jes i I eee =, PREFACE. [HE design of this work is to provide the English student with the means of acquiring a knowledge of the Discomycetes of Britain. The fifth volume of “ English Flora,” Berkeley’s “Outlines,” and Cooke's “ Handbook,” each well served this purpose in its time, and I indulge the hope that the present work may be equally useful. No trouble has been spared in verifying and extend- ing microscopic observations of the morphology, for in no instance where an authentic specimen was accessible has the opportunity of examining it been neglected. The readiness with which the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, my lamented friend the late Mr. C. E. Broome, and Dr. M. C. Cooke have entrusted to me some of their unique specimens, calls for my grateful acknowledgment; as does the kindness of the Kew and British Museum authorities, in allowing me at all times ready access to their important herbaria. When Dr. M. C. Cooke became aware of my intention to undertake this work, he not only generously handed over to me the whole of his valuable manuscript notes, vi PREFACE. collected with a view of publishing a new edition of the “ Handbook,” but afforded me at all times his valuable advice and assistance. How far these advantages have been utilized must be left to the judgment of the reader. The subject of classification will not fail to awaken some controversy. As every author has his own views, I may be permitted to have mine. To adhere as closely as possible to the long-accepted Friesian system has been the practice of English authors; but this has been carried a little too far, owing to our “ insular prejudices,” and the time has come when a new departure must be made. While avoiding the fondness for innovation displayed by our Teutonic, and indeed, though in a less degree, our Gallic, neighbours, I have retained in the form of subgenera some of their more useful groups. I foresee many objections that can be urged to the method adopted, but prefer to let it stand on its own merits rather than enter here into a lengthened justification. Many of the diagnoses have been altered or added to without reserve, where it appeared to me necessary, and others have been borrowed from one or other of the authors cited in connection with them. Professor Karsten’s “ Mycologia Fennica” and M. Boudier’s “Mémoire sur les Ascobolés” have been of great assist- ance, the former especially in the measurement of sporidia, The habitats are chiefly those of “English Flora,” Cooke’s “ Handbook,” Berkeley and Broome’s “ Notices of British Fungi,” with such as have come within my own knowledge. To have added those contained in the PREFACE. vil various local floras would have occupied too much space, besides which many of them are too unreliable. My thanks are due to the following gentlemen for much valuable help :—the Rev. W. A. Leighton, Mr. C. B. Plowright, the Rev. J. Stevenson, the Rev. Dr. Keith, Professor James, W. H. Trail, and many others, besides those already mentioned. As errors, in spite of all one’s care, will creep into a work of this kind, I shall take it as an act of kindness on the part of those who will point them out, with the view of correcting a second edition should it ever be called for. WILLIAM PHILLIPS. CANONBURY, SHREWSBURY, August, 1837. - - . {be f uy Fiutaty? reels (> byrcater at ke t i) 38 er f > = 4 b/¢ i §* ri ry } | vi hea tea " he i 5 i : cA or a), 'lC ei - La steak ohlan tGediel bal lil aan ‘ - . ; * rEg’ Sci Leet ha tl «@ 42 cvs er Gee yt! aitee wl sao Tt * bad By ' CONTENTS. OrpErR I.—HELVELLACEA. Fries. PAGE Genus I.—MorcuHe.,a, Dill ... a oP mau 2 II.—GyYROMITRA ... ta ae aos 8 III.—HEeELvEuua, Fries ... Baa va -s 9 IV.—VERPA, Swartz... es oy stat 19 V.—LegotTtA, Fries wai ty. ae a ae Subgenus.— Cudonia, Fries vs a 24 VI.—Mirru.a, Fries 1M . on c. Stem slender, even .. es es ae » 8-ll KEY To THE SPECTIEs. Stem stout oe oe ba “ me oe au Stem slender ig ee a oa sha a Ss 1 Stem sulcate bs re 6 he gst a ; ise nearly even es “5 es He .. 4 Pileus mouse-colour 4. Lf elastica. 2. + Pileus black, cinereous, or fuliginous . . 5 Pileus brown ite + fe és ica) Pileus pallid-white + ir a a -. erispa. 3. + Pileus brown we as a es aie -. subcostata. Pileus cinereous .. ‘y .. he Le oo en Pileus purplish brown .. a ye é} -» tnfula. 4. + Pileus spadicious “ te 2 wit ++ monachella, Pileus ochraceous se e oe es -. guepinioides. Pileus black x a iy 42 + -» atra, ‘ | Pileus fuliginous «> _ — ie -. pulla. Pileus brown, stem not tomentose wa F -. Klotzschiana., ’ | Pileus brown, stem tomentose .. 4 ee -. ephippium. 7 Stem fistulose .. 2% a in ee -» lacwnosa, * | Stem stuffed oe oe «- sulcata. A. STEM STOUT, SULCATE, 1. Helvella crispa. Fries, Pileus deflexed, lobed, free, crisped, pallid; stem fistulose, costato-lacunose ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, 18 X 94; paraphyses filiform, HELVELLA. 11 Helvella crispa—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 14; Berk., “Outl,” t. 21, fig. 4; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 1944; Grev., t. 143; Vitt., “Mang.,” t. 31, f 1; Lenz, fig. 57; Badham, t. v. f. 1; Barla, t. 43, f. 1-5; Price, “ Illus.,” £. 57; Cooke, “Mycogr.,” fig. 159; Quelet, “Champ.,” pt. 1. p. 383; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 8,¢.1.; Pat. p.120, £270. H. mitra— Purt., “ Midl. Flo.,” iii. t. 16; Bull, t. 466, f. a. 4. leuco- pheea—Tratt., “ Austr.,” f 36. Exs.—Fck]., “F. Rh.,” 1242; Berk., “Brit. Fung.,” No. 264; “Erb. Crit. Ital.” 1. 464; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 239; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” i. 555, ed. ii, No. 541. Phil, ‘bv. Brit.,” 102. On the ground. Autumn. Esculent. Solitary, large, 3 to 5 inches high; at first sight glabrous. Stem snow-white, becoming yellow in drying, stout, ventricose downwards, sulcato-costate, and lacu- nose ; ribs plane fistulose ; the dissected stem composed of many distinct tubes. ileus deflexed, inflated, lobed; at first the margin is adnate to the stem, afterwards free, undulate, sinuato-contorted,and crisped. Esculent,savoury (Fries, l. ¢.). Name—Crispus, curled, wrinkled; from the wrinkled pileus. King’s Cliffe (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Kew Gardens (Sir Joseph Hooker). Beggar’s Bush Lane and Haw Wood, near Bristol (Mr. C. Bucknall). Hampstead, Din- more, Herefordshire, Epping Forest, and Lyndhurst (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Blackford Bridge, Woodside, and around Carlisle (Dr. Carlyle). Castle Rising, Norfolk ! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). About Shrewsbury and Hereford! 3. Helvella lacunosa. Afz. Pileus inflated, lobed, cinereous-black ; lobes deflexed, adnate; stem fistulose, costate-lacunose ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 18 X 10”; paraphyses filiform, slightly enlarged above. (Plate I. fig. 3.) Helvella lacunosa—Afz. in “ Act. Holm.,” 1783, p. 304; Klotzsch, “Flo. Bor.,” t. 383; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 15; Holms., “Ot,” p. 45, t. 24; Cooke, “Handbk.,” 12 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. No. 1945; “Mycogr.,” fig. 160; Weberb., t. 5, f 2; Lenz fig. 58; Barla, t. 43, f. 6-11; Quelet, “Champ.,” pt. i p. 383; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 10, c. 1.; Pat., p. 120, £ 271 A. mitra—Bull.,-t. 190, t. 466, f. B; Grev., t. 36. nigra—Berg., “Phyt.,” t. 147. Elvella mitra— Flo. Dan.,” t. 116. #. nigricans—Scheeff., “Icon.,” t. 154. Exs.— “Erb. Crit. Ital.” i. 465; Welw., “Crypt. Lusit.,” 56; Berk., “ Brit. Fung.,” No. 265; Fckl., “ F. Rh.,.” No. 1241; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 1810. On the ground in woods, especially on burnt soil. Spring and autumn. Esculent. Differs from the preceding, for a variety of which it may easily be taken, by the more regular pileus, 2 to 4 lobed, scarcely laciniate, lobes later becoming free, and especially by the colour. The stature generally smaller, afterwards becomes equally as tall as Helvella mitra, g. pratensis A.and 8. Although, therefore, acute characters are wanting in nature, it is constant; it is also inferior in cooking (Fries, /. c.). ) Name—Lacunosus, full of holes; from the pitted pileus. Edgbaston (Withering). Edinburgh (Dr. Greville). Near Hereford! General Cemetery, Shrewsbury ! King’s Cliffe (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Bungay (D. Stock). North of Ireland (Templeton). Around Carlisle (Dr. Carlyle). Hitchin (Prof. Henslow). Reading and Epping Forest, where it is plentiful and very fine (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Haw Wood, near Bristol (Mr. C. Bucknall). Castle Rising and Sandringham, Norfolk ! (Mx. C. B. Plowright). 3. Helvella sulcata. .“ #lo. Dan,” t; 1670; £.. 2.0 Pusilla—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,’ 1. p. 493. Leotia mitrula —Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” 611; “ Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 199; A. and §., 295; Grev., “Flo. Edin.” p. 416; “Se. Crypt. Flo.,” t. 81. L. pusilla— Nees, “Sys.,” p. 173, t. 17, f£. 160. Geoglossum cucullatwm—Fries, “ Elench.,” i. 233; “Eng, Flo.,” v.179. Clavaria ferruginea—Sow., t. 84. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.’ 1. 1155; “ Erb. Crit. Ital.,” i. 466 ; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 37, 669; Kze. and Schm., 98 ; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” 1237; Wartm. and Sch., 431; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 233; Berk., “ Brit. Fung.,” 254; Phil., “ Ely. Brit.” No. 53; Karst, “Fung. Fenn.,” 447; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 713. On decaying pine-leaves. Autumn. A small plant, not more than 2 inches high, very slender, gregarious. The head varies in form, being ovate, 28 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. globose, subclavate, or conical, of a yellowish red or pale cinnamon colour, and fleshy texture; the stem is rather firm, darker in colour than the head, even, solid, and flexuous. Name—Cucullus, a hood; from the shape of the pileus. Balmuto, Scotland (Miss Boswell). Near Norwich (Sowerby). Bungay (D. Stock). Wiltshire (Mr. C. E. Broome). Castle Rising, Norfolk! (Mr. C.B. Plowright). Joydens Wood (Mr. F. Currey). Linlithgow; Hunslow, Middlesex (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Wrekin, Salop! Penicuick, near Edinburgh ! 2. Mitrula paludosa. Fries. Head ovate, obtuse, inflated, even, yellow or orange yellow ; stem rather slender, straight or flexous, hollow, paler than the head; asci subcylindrical; sporidia 8, nearly fusiform, 12—14 X 3°54; paraphyses filiform. (Plate II. fig. 6.) Mitrula paludosa—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. 491; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” 346; “Eng. Bot.,” v. p. 180; Berk., “Outl,” p. 360; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 1952; Huss., “Myco.,” i. t. 9; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,.” p. 28; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” 332; Kickx., “ Flo. Flan.,” 1.501; Crouan, “Flo. Fin.,” 58; Cooke, “Mycogr.,” fig. 175; Quelet, “Champ.,” pt. i. p. 378; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 27, ¢. 1.; Pat., p. 39, f 97 (spor. bad). Clavaria phalloides—Bull., “Champ.,” t. 465, f. 3. C. epiphylla—Dicks., “Crypt.,” t. 3, f. 10. Leotia Ludwigi—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” t. 3, f. 13. L. Dicksonii, L. Bulliardi, L. laricina—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” 612. L. uliginosa—Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo.,” t. 8312; Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” i. 200. Exs.—Klotzsch, “ H. M.,” 238; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” i. 606; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” 132; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” 12386 ; Berk., “ Brit. Fung.,” 278; Phil., “Elv. Brit.,” 2; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 24; Winter, “ Fungi Eur.,” 2844; Rehm., “ Asco.,” 601; Ellis, “N. A. Fungi,” 483. On decaying leaves in wet places. Spring to autumn. Qualities unknown. MITRULA. 29 Gregarious, caspitose, or solitary, soft, glabrous hollow, rather brittle, 1 to 3 inches in height; head very variable in form, globose, ovate, or broadly clavate ; summit generally obtuse, bright orange yellow, filled when young with silky filaments, which disappear with age, leaving it hollow; stem white, varying from a yellowish to a pinkish tinge, enlarged upwards, even, and crooked. Name—Palus, a marsh; found in marshes. Kames Castle, Isle of Bute (Dr. Greville). Pitlochrie (Dr. Thomson). Penzance (Mr. Ralfs). Aboyne, New Pitsligo (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Bournemouth; St. George's Hill, Weybridge (Mr. F. Currey). Keston Common; Horsham; Penicuick (Dr. M. C. Cooke). North of Ireland (Templeton). Baldovan Woods (Gardener). North Wootton, Norfolk (Dr. John Lowe). Trefrew, North ae Capel Curig, North Wales! Llyn Ogwin, North ales! 3. Mitrula alba. Wor. Smith. Head globose, even, white; stem stuffed, white; asci cylindrical ; sporidia lanceolate, hyaline, eguttulate, 16 X 3p. Mitrula alba—W. G. Smith, “Grevillea,” i. p. 136, t. 10, lower figure ; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fig. 177. Differs entirely from M. paludosa, Fries, in colour, and especially in the globose head and stuffed stem (W. G. Smith, l. ¢.). Amongst submerged leaves. April, 1877. Name—Albus, white. East Budleigh, Budleigh Salterton (Mr. Cecil H. Sp. Perceval). Excluded Spectes. Mitrula minuta—Sow. (small orange Mitrula). Very minute ; receptacle lanceolate, orange ; stem equal, pallid. Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 1. p. 492. Clavaria minuta— Sow., t. 391. On the bracteze of Dipsacus pilosus. Rayleigh, Essex (Rev. R. B. Francis). 30 BRITISH -DISCOMYCETES. I have not been able to find specimens in Mr. Sowerby’s collection; possibly it may be a state of Pistillarva micans (“ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 180). GENUS VII.—SPATHULARIA. Pers. Receptacle vertical, compressed laterally, running down two opposite sides of the distinct stem ; substance fleshy-membranaceous ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, filiform, hyaline; paraphyses filiform. (Plate II. fig. 7.) The one British species of this genus is easily dis- tinguished from plants of other allied genera by the hymenium running down two opposite sides of the stem, assuming a spoon-like outline owing to its being laterally compressed. Some species of Leptoglosswm and Geo- glossum are compressed, but the hymenium entirely surrounds the stem. Name—Diminutive of o7é@n, a spatula. 1. Spathularia flavida. Pers. Head spathulate, compressed, nearly even, yellow; margin crisped or undulated; stem white; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, acicular-filiform, multi-guttulate, 60—70 x 6 —Tu; paraphyses filiform, branched, numerous. (Plate IT. fig. 7 Spathularia flavida—Pers., “Comm.,” p. 34; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 1. 491; Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo,” & 165; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 179; Price, t. 5, £ 34; Do gaee Fr.,” ii. 95; Berk., “Outl.,” t. 21, f.'7; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1953, fig. 326; Kromb., t. v. f. 22; Karst., “Myeco. Fenn.,” 27; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fig. 342; Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 26, ¢ 1. lvella clavata—Scheeff,, t. 149. Clavaria spathulata—‘ Flo. Dan.,” t. 658; Schmidt, “Icon.,” t. 50. Helvella spathularia—Sow., “ Fung.,” t. 35. HH. feritoria —Bolt., t. 97. Spathularia flava—Swartz, “Vet. Ac. Handl.,” 1812, p. 10. S. erispa—Corda, “Icon.,” ii. 36, f.125. 8S. flavida—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 332. Exs.—Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” 28; Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ii. 455; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” ii. 126; Wartm. and Schw., LEPTOGLOSSUM. ay 215; West and Wall, “H. B.,’ 1085; Schm. and Kze., 194; Berk., “Brit. Fung.,” 257; Fekl, “Fung. Rh.,” 1143; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” i. 470; Klotsch., “ H. M.,” 815; Rehm., “ Asco.,” 426; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.” 3; Thum., “Fung. Aus.,” 425; Roumg., “Stirpes,” 326. On dead fir-leaves and amongst moss in damp woods. July to October. Gregarious, 3 to 5 inches high; pileus hollow, yellow, rarely reddish, much compressed, more or less of an erect obovate form, slightly inflated, undulated, or even lacunose, sometimes bifid, or inclining to be lobed. The stem appears to pass along and eventually penetrate the pileus half-way down or near the summit; sporidia dis- charged elastically (Grev.). Name—Flavus, light yellowish. Costessey, near Norwich (Sowerby). Round Edin- burgh (Dr. Greville). Malvern (Mr. Edwin Lees). Lax- ton, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Wey- bridge, East Bergholt (Mr. Frederick Currey). Wiltshire (Mr. C. E. Broome). Dinmore, Herefordshire! woods near Ludlow (Mrs. Price). Invergordon, Scotland (Miss Joss). Dinedor, Herefordshire (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Near Carlisle! (Dr. Carlyle). Castle Rising, Norfolk ! (Mr. C, B. Plowright). Genus VIII.—-LEPToGLossum. Cooke. _ Receptacle clavate, cylindrical, or compressed, brightly coloured, produced downwards into a distinct stem; hymenium concrete with and covering the incrassated upper portion; asci cylindrical or clavate; sporidia 8, hyaline. (Plate II. fig. 8.) Leptoglossum—Cooke in “ Mycogr.,” p. 250, revised in litt. The plants of this genus are distinguished easily from those of Geoglosswm (Cooke; non Fries), by the brighter colour (never black). Name—Aenrdc, fine, yAdooa, tongue; resembling a slender tongue. 32 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Key TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium eruginous green .. ee o- viride. Hymenium smoky olive or dingy purple ms .. olivaceum. 1. Leptoglossum viride. (Pers.) Fasciculate, verdigris-green ; receptacle distinct ; stem squamulose ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong: elliptic, hyaline, 15 X 5u; paraphyses filiform, hardly enlarged upwards. (Plate II. fig. 8 | Geoglossum viride—Pers., “Comm.,” p. 40; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. 48; Weinm., “Hym.,” p. 498; Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo.” +t. 211; Sturm, “ Flo.,” t. 48; Nees, “Sys.,” t. 17, p. 158; “Eng. Flo..” v. p. 1/9 pee “Outl,” p. 361; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1956 ; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 14; Kickx., “Flo. Flan.,” i. 501; Secr., “ Mycogr.,” iii. 621; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” 284; Quelet, “Champ.,” p- 377; Pat., p. 29, f.66. Mitrula viridis-—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” 1. 29. Clavaria mitrata viridis—Holms., “ Ot.,” p. 24. C. mridis— An ee Pirottza. Series L—NUD Zt. Fleshy or fleshy-membranaceous, externally glabrous, pruinose, or floccoso-furfuraceus. PEZIZA. 43 Dill (“ Gen,” p. 74). Receptacle marginate, cup-shaped, at first closed, afterwards expanding; epidermis thin, contiguous, gla- brous, pruinose, or floccoso-furfuraceus, persistent, distinct; asci large, distinct, fixed, enclosing 8 sporidia, which are soon elastically ejected; paraphyses filiform, intermixed with the asci. Cups adfixed by the centre, often stipitate, freely unfolding, more or less concave, often becoming plane ; hymenium smooth (not villous or pulveraceous), differing in colour ; substance fleshy-membranaceous, not waxy or gelatinous. (Plate V. figs. 11-22). Name—See p. 42. Genus I.—PEZIZA. ARRANGEMENT OF SUBGENERA. I. Acetabula of; Es ie species 1-3 Il. Tarzetta “s e- a? “x =e ime a) 1, II. Otidea : bee a ee - pte heal IV. Cochlearia .. oe re we he | 0 2t=29 V. Discina a ss ae ee SS » 30-35 VI. Galactinia .. nae my e ye sn . 1OO-aL ‘VIL. Pustularia .. = =» on t¢ 5, 38-43 VIII. Geoseypha .. re oe Oe te 9» 44-57 IX. Humaria .. a es #6 — » 08-97 X. Pyronema .. e * ra Se » 98-104 Kry TO THE SUBGENERA. Stipitate 1 Sessile or substipitate. . 2 L ie Stem stout Acetabula. Stem slender .. - Tarzetta. 9. yiciaine a coloured fluid when wounded .. Galactinia. Yielding a colourless fluid when wounded. . 3 Cups elongated on one side .. Otidea. ‘\ Cups not elongated on one side + 5) Oo me Turfuraceous or verrucose, entire Pruinose or farinose Flexuous, czespitose- contorted. sessile Plane or repand, sessile or substipitate Smaller, entire or lobed, sessile 1 Cups large 6. - {Fact surrounded by a delicate white ‘web _ *\ Base without a white web round it . Cups small, rarely excceding 5 lines broad. . land 7 Pustularia. 6 Cochlearia. Discina. Geoscypha. Pyronema, Humaria. 44 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. SuBGENus I.—AcETABULA. [Fckl. Cup entire, naked; stem stout, distinct, often suleate. Kry TO THE SPECIES. Stem sulcate, equal, or broader below 35. .. acetabulum. Stem not suleate, attenuated below... # .. %nsolita. Stem sub-attenuated below, with slender rooting fibrils Percevali. 1. Peziza acetabulum. Linn. - Cyathiform, dingy, ribbed externally with branching veins, which run up from the short, lacunose, fistulose stem; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, 18—20 x 12y; paraphyses incrassated upwards. (Plate IIL. fig. 11.) Peziza acetabulum—Linn., “Spec. Plant.,” 11. 1650; Bull, “Champ.,” p. 267, t. 485, f. 4; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 44; Sow., “Fung.,” t. 59; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 187; Berk., “ Outl.,” 362; Price, fig. 72; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1964; - “Mycogr.,” fig. 183; Vitt., “ Mang.,” t. 30, fig. 2; Kromb., “ Schw.,” t. 61, f. 23-26; Pat. p. 70, f162. Fungoides acetabuliforme—Vaill., “Bot.” t. 18, f. 1. Acetabula vulgaris—Fckl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 330; Sace., “Myco. Ven. Sp.,” p. 168. Alewrea acetabulwm—GillL, “Champ.,” ae Cok 3 Exs.—Feckl, “F. Rh.,” 1231, 2084; Cooke, “Fung. Brit..” i. 556, ii. 182; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 316; Phil. “Elv. Brit.,” 6; Rav., “Fung. Am.,” 764; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 2275. On the ground in spring. Esculent. Cup 2 inches broad, 13 inches high, externally floccoso- furfuraceus, light umber, darker within, mouth con- tracted, firm, tough, flesh not very thick; stem 4 an inch high, smooth, deeply, but regularly costato-lacunose ; the ribs branching at the top and forming reticulations on the outside of the cup, so as to present the appearance of a cluster of pillars supporting a font or roof, with fret- work between them (“ Eng. F'lo.”). External cells of the cup concatenate, with their free extremities breaking up, so as to give a farinose appear- ance to the surface (Dr. Cooke, l. c.). PEZIZA. 45 Name—A cetabulum, vinegar cup; shaped like a cup. Sand Hutton, Yorkshire (Rev. M. Budstone). King’s Cliffe, Northamptonshire ; Kingerswell, Devonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Pitlochrie and Cluny, N.B. (D. Thomson). Wiltshire (Mr. C. E. Broome). Hitchin (Professor Henslow). White Notley (Mr. A. Irvine). Ashton Court, Bristol (Mr. C. Bucknall). Framingham Earl; Sprowston; Castle Rising, Norfolk! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). General Cemetery, Shrewsbury! near Ludlow (Miss Price). 2. Peziza wmsolita. Cooke. Stipitate, fleshy, fragile, whitish, clavate, then pyriform, becoming cyathiform; stem thick, attenuated below; hymenium ochery-white; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, hyaline, 22—25 x 10—12u; paraphyses filiform, short, septate. Peziza nsolita—Cooke, “Mycogr.,” fig. 375. On decayed leaves amongst mould in a fig-house. December. Cup 1 inch high, 4 an inch or more in diameter ; cells of cups 12 x 10u; the paraphyses shorter than the asci. A white mycelium runs amongst the leaves on which it grows (Cooke). Name—/nsolita, unusual. Castle Gardens, N.B. (Rev. J. Stevenson). Kelvedon, Hissex (Dr. M. C. Cooke). 3. Peziza Percevalt. Berk. and Cooke. Solitary ; cup at length expanded, somewhat pruinose. the margin closely inflexed ; stem somewhat thick, sub- attenuated below, with slender rooting fibrils; asci clavato-cylindrical; sporidia elliptic (2?) ; paraphyses thickened above, brownish. Peziza Percevalt.—Berk. and Cooke, “ Mycoer.,” fig. 192. Peziza ciboriwm—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 59 (partly), var. major ; B. and Br. in “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1479; “ Grevillea,” iii. p. 119. On the ground. 46 DISCOMYCETES. Cup 1} inches broad; stem 1 to 14 inches long, } inch and more thick, terminated by a few rooting fibrils ; sporidia immature, according to Berkeley, 25 x 12n, apparently elliptical, larger than in P. ciboriwm ; the asci are considerably larger, and of a different character (Cooke). On the ground (Mr. H. C. Spencer Perceval in Herb. Berk.). On a lawn under lime-trees, Glamis Castle (Rev. J. Stevenson). SuBGENuS II].—TARZETYA. Cooke. Cup nearly entire, naked, stipitate; stem slender, varying in length, erect or rooting. (Plate III. fig. 12.) Name— (?) Tazzetta (Ital.), a little cup. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Stem erect. (a) Sporidia elliptic, rough “ss .. species 4 (b) Sporidia elliptic, smooth aa ae 5 oe B. Stem rooting. (a) Sporidia elliptic, smooth or oe » 8-10 Key TO THE SPECIES. Stem erect.. ee cc o. * as os Stem rooting th 7 ve of fi Le Margin lobed ; sporidia rough .. a “i -. petaloidea. 1, {Margin entire ; sporidia smooth aa ‘ -. muralis. Margin crenulate #3 i. fe ft 9 Fawn colour, farinose .. is ! a .. eupularis. : {Flosh colour, glabrous .. - - as carned. Cup turbinate; flesh thick, very fragile aa ammophila. Cup becoming plane or deflexed ; flesh thin, fragile. rapulum. Cup always concave, flesh thin, fragile; stem shorter than two preceding .. ‘ v = .. carbonaria, 3. A. STEM ERECT. (a) Sporidia elliptic, rough. 4. Peziza petaloidea (nov. sp.). Cooke and Phil. Cup expanded, lobate, fleshy, firm ; hymenium rugose, sub-umbilicate, yellowish brown, margin deflexed; stem rather slender, enlarged upwards into the rugose base of the cup; externally verrucose, fuligimous brown; asci PEZIZA. 47 cyclindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, minutely asperate, 15 x 8u; paraphyses filiform. On the earth. Spring. This has somewhat the aspect of Peziza firma in an old stage of growth. The cup is lobed, undulate, de- curved at the margin; the disc is umbilicate, radiately wrinkled, 8 lines broad across the widest part; the under side of the cup is smoky brown, minutely warted, wrinkled longitudinally near its junction with the stem, which tapers towards the base, and is 5 lines high and about 1 line thick near the middle. Name—véradov, a petal, eidoc, likeness; from the lobed margin. East Bergholt, Suffolk! in the herbarium of the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, February 2, 1852. (b) Sporidia elliptic, smooth. 5. Peziza cupularis, Linn. Cup globose-campanulate, thin; hymenium fawn- coloured or pallid, externally farinose ; margin crenate ; stem slender, erect, sometimes rooting or nearly obsolete ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, 1 to 2-cuttulate, smooth, 18 X 10"; paraphyses filiform, clavate apices. (Plate III. fig. 12.) Pezza cupularis—Linn., “Suec.,’ No. 1273; Fries, “pys. Myco.,’ uu. 64; Pers. “Obs,” i. t. 4, £6, 7; Vaill,, “ Bot.,” ti. f.173; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 42; Weinm., Piliym., p. 423 3 “Eng. Flo... ve p.-189 ; Berk., “OutL,” 365, t. 1. f 2; Price, f. 79; Cooke, “Handbk.,” 1990; “Mycogr.,” t. 286; Pat. p. 71, f. 165 (2). Aleuria cupularis—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 39,¢.1. Peziza crenata— Bull, t. 396, f. 3. Peziza vulcanalis—Peck. in Haydn’s “Geol. Report,’ 1872. Pustularia cwpularis—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 328. Exs.—Rehm., “Asco.,’ 8; Fekl, “F. Rh.,” 1878; Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” 155. On the earth in damp places. Spring and autumn. Sometimes yellowish; stem } of an inch high, } of 48 DISCOMYCETES. an inch thick, sometimes obsolete; pileus pale buff, thin, transparent, scalloped at the edge, shaped like the cup of an acorn, about 1 inch in diameter (Withering). Name—Cupula, a little cup. Shrubbery, in mossy turf, Edgbaston (Withering) ; Apethorpe, Milton (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Caistor (Hen- derson). Bowood, Wiltshire (Mr. Currey). Salhouse, Norfolk (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Taverham, Norfolk (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Brockley Comb, near Bristol (Mr. C. Bucknall). Wrekin! Kingsland, Shrewsbury! Hereford! 6. Peziza carnea (nov. sp.). Cooke and Phil. Cup cyathiform, rather thin, firm, glabrous, flesh- coloured, margin crenate, erect; stem rather long, slender, expanding into the decurrently wrinkled base of the cup; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 13 xX 6u; paraphyses filiform, curved at the summit. Peziza cwpularis—L. var. in Herb. Berk., Milton. Cup from 5 to 10 lines broad; stem from 3 to 6 lines high, and about 1 line thick. Name—Caro, flesh; flesh-coloured. 7. Peziza muralis. Sow. 4 Cup at first cyathiform, then expanded, nearly plane, firm, fleshy in the centre, thin towards the margin, glabrous, dirty brownish-white; stem short, rather slender; asei cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 14 X 8u; paraphyses filiform. Peziza muralis—Sow., “ Fung.,” t. 251. On clay. Cup from 2 to 7 lines across, nearly uniform in colour within and without, glabrous ; stem about 1 to 1} lines long, enlarging upwards into the thick fleshy base of. the cup. ri The larger ones herein figured were sent by favour of the Rev. Mr. Alderson, from some clay walls in his garden at Havingham, Norfolk; the smaller ones grew on some pipe-clay intended for modelling at my own home, Mead Place. They differ much in size, but agree PEZIZA. 49 so well in shape and substance that I consider them as the same species” (Sowerby, J. c.). The original specimens, after the death of Sowerby, came into the hands of the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, by whose kind permission I was allowed to examine them. Name—WMurus, a wall; from its habitat. B. STEM ROOTING. (a) Sporidia ellvptic, smooth. 8. Peziza carbonara. ) Pri. “© Kivi Brit.” 57. On burnt ground. Summer and autumn. Cup 4 to 13 broad. Name—rpayive, rough, kap7ée, fruit; from the rough sporidia. Ascot! (Rev. G. H. Sawyer). Norton Camp, near Craven Arms! Bomere, near Shrewsbury! Attingham Park, Shrewsbury ! 31. Peziza leiocarpa. Curr, Cup at first connivent, subglobose, externally (prin- cipally towards the margin) rough, vinous-brown, thin, FE 66 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. semi-pellucid, sometimes pallid near the base, at length expanded, almost plane; hymenium olive-brown; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, globose, smooth, 9—10u ; para- physes filiform, gradually enlarged at the apices. Peziza lerocarpa—Curr., “ Linn. Trans.,” xxiv. p. 493, t. 51, f. 4and 8; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1062, t. xiv. f. 14; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1985; “Mycogr.,” fir. 256; Pat, p. 70, fig. 163 (exclude sporidia and paraphyses). Plicaria foveata—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 326 (?) On burnt ground. Cup 14 to 3 inches broad; hymenium at first pale, then dark olive-brown. Resembling at first Peziza pustulata (Batsch). Name—aAkloc, smooth, xap7ée, fruit; from the smooth sporidia. Ascot! (Rev. G. H. Sawyer). B. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC, SMOOTH. 32. Peziza repanda. Wahl. Cup solitary or ceespitose, large, incised, and repand, internally subrugose, brown ; externally farinose, whitish, base elongated, rooting; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, biguttulate, smooth, 18—20 x 10u; paraphyses linear, sparse. Peziza repanda—Wahl., “ Ups.,” p. 466; Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. 51; Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo,” t. 59; Berk., “Eng. Flo.,” v. 188; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1978; “Mycoer.,” fig, 240; Weinm.,“Hym.,” p. 117. Alewria repanda—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 43. On old trunks and on the ground. Autumn. ; Cup 1 to 4\inches broad ; cells of the exterior of the cup very large. This is one of the species with which many others have been confounded, so that it is very difficult to quote synonyms with any degree of cer- tainty. If regard be paid to the sporidia, great paucity of paraphyses, and large external cells, there should PEZIZA. 67 not be much difficulty in determining it, Karsten’s Peziza repanda (“Myco. Fenn.,” p. 54), with sporidia 10—14 x 6—7y, must be something different. Fuckel describes the sporidia in his “Symb. Myco.” as “ episporio eranuloso-tuberculato, fusco,” measuring 16 x 8u. This again cannot be the present species (Dr. Cooke in “Mycogr.”). Name—Repandus, bent backwards. Milton, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). King’s Cliffe and Apethorpe (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Hitchin (Professor Henslow). Foxhall, near Edinburgh (Messrs. Wauch and Greville). Reading; Epping; Rugby (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Attingham Park, near Shrewsbury ! Wrekin, Salop! Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury ! 33. Peziza reticulata. Grev. Cup large, fulvo-rufescent within, plicate in the centre, reticulated ; externally whitish, pruinose ; margin involute, at first entire, becoming variously lacerated, subrepand ; stem either thick and short or none; asci sub- cylindrical; sporidia 8, elongato-elliptic, smooth, 23 X 10u; paraphyses clavate apices, filled with brown granules. Peziza reticulata—Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo.,” t. 153; Kromb., t. 61, f. 18-22; Berk., “ Outl.,” t. 22, f 6; Cooke, “ Mycooer.,” fig. 227. Plicaria reticulata—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” 328. Peziza venosa—Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1968 (partly). fic, 85; Pat, f. 211, .f. 485%). -Aleuria hepatica, Gill., “Champ.,” p. 208. Exs.—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” i. 567, ii. 191; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 612; Phil, “ Elv. Brit.,” 81. On the ground and rabbit-dung. January to April. Cup 1 to 2 lines broad. When young subglobose and closed, then concave and flattened, 1 to 2 lines broad, of a watery consistence ; paraphyses septate, the joints more or less swollen or inflated ; asci linear ; sporidia elliptic, uniseriate, hyaline, even, ‘001 X ‘0005 in. (B. and Br.). Name—jrap, liver ; from its liver-colour. Bowwood, Bathford Down, Wilts (Mr. C. E. Broome). Wrekin, Salop! 100 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 88. Peziza misture. Phil. Cups crowded or scattered, sessile, concave when dry, applanate when moist, submarginate, chestnut-brown, glabrous ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, or subglobose, uniguttulate, smooth, 14—16 x lly; paraphyses 1 to 6 times branched, apices pyriform, or sometimes nearly moniliform or linear. Peziza misture—Phil. in Gard. Chron., fig. 58, Sept. 4, 1880. On a mixture of lime and cow-dung spread on the trunks of apple-trees. Spring. Cup 3 to 14 lines broad. The cells forming the exterior of the cup are narrowly cylindrical and parallel; the paraphyses are remarkable from their habit of branching frequently, and from their pyriform or moniliform summits, which characters dis- tinguish it from P. exidiiformis, to which it has a slight resemblance. Name—WMistura, a mixture; from its habitat. Clifton, near Bristol! (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). ~ 89. Peziza cervaria. Phil. Cups gregarious or crowded, sessile, thick in the centre, thin at the crenulate margin, glabrous, chestnut- brown; hymenium concave, waved; asci cylindrical, abruptly narrowed at the base; sporidia 8, oblongo- elliptic, smooth, eguttulate, 15 x 7u; paraphyses linear, abundant, forked at the apices. Peziza cervaria—Phil. in Stevenson’s “ Myco. Scot.,” . 308. ; On roedeer-dung. July to August. Cup 4 to 2 lines broad. This species closely resembles P. hepatica (Batsch), but differs in having much smaller sporidia, and slenderer paraphyses, not thickened at the apices, and forked. Name—Cervarius, belonging to a hart or stag; from its habitat. Grantown, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Glamis, N.B. (Rev. J. Stevenson). PEZIZA. 101 90. Peziza bovina. Phil. Cups gregarious, sessile, with obconic base, expanded, umber-colour, glabrous; dise umbilicate, waved; margin paler ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, smooth, 19 X 94; paraphyses scarce or none. Peziza bovina—Phil. in Stevenson’s “ Myco. Seot.,” p. 308. On cow-dung. August. Cup 4 to 6 lines broad. Exterior cells of cup very large, 70u in diameter. Name—Bovina, pertaining to an ox; from its habitat. Grantown, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 91. Peziza depressa. Phil. Cups gregarious or crowded, sessile, applanate ; hymenium convex, umber-brown, glabrous; margin scarcely elevated ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, biguttulate, 20 x 18u; paraphyses linear, stout, septate, apices clavate, brown. Peziza depressa—Phil. in Cooke’s “ Mycogr.,” fig. 392. On dead branches of willow, on damp ground. July. Cup 1 to 2 lines broad. This adheres to the wood by a broadish base, and while moist the whole under side is pressed against the wood. The disc is convex; the margin acute, and a little paler. The sporidia are very variable in size and broadly elliptical. The cells of the exterior of the cup are medium size, 15 to 20u broad. Name—Depressus, pressed down; from its applanate growth. Almond Park Pool, near Shrewsbury ! («) Hymeniwm greenish. 92. Peziza jungermannie. Nees. Cups scattered, sessile, fleshy, glabrous, blackish-green, plane, margined; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, zeruginous, smooth, 17 X 9u; paraphyses filiform, branched, apices pyriform, zeruginous. Pezrza gungermannie—Nees in Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 102 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. ii. 144; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fig. 87. Pseudo-peziza gunger- mannie—Fckl., “Symb. Myeco.,” p. 291. Ascobolus jungermannie—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” 1082, tul6, £ 23; Gill, “Champ.” p18. Exs.—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.” 652; Rabh, “Fung. Her,” LLLS. Amongst Jungermanme. Cup 3 to 1 line broad. Name—Jungermannia, the name of a genus of Hepa- tice; from its habitat. Jedburgh (A. Jerdon). Dolgelly, North Wales; Shere, Surrey (Dr. M. C. Cooke). C. SPORIDIA SUBFUSIFORM. (a) Epispore smooth. 93. Peziza corallina. Cooke. Cup sessile, glabrous, hemispherical, externally orange-yellow; hymenium plane, scarlet; asci sub- clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, biguttulate, smooth, 30—35 x 6—7u; paraphyses linear, somewhat thickened towards the curved apices, filled with orange granules. (Plate IV. fig. 21.) Peziza corallina—Cooke in “Grevillea,” iii. f. 83; “Mycogr.,” fig. 30. Ascobolus coceimews—Crouan, “ Ann. Sc Nat,” 1857, vil.'t. 4, £ 15; “Flo. Bin See Leucoloma coccinea—F ck1., “Symb. Myco.,” 318. Aleuria corallina—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 51. Exs.—Fckl., “F. Rh.,” 1854. On the ground amongst moss. Cup 1 to 13 lines broad. Name—xopaAXuoyr, red coral; from the colour. — Shere, Surrey (Dr. Capron). North Wales! (Mr. B. Acton). 94. Peziza ollaris. Fries. Sessile, crowded, hemispherical, then expanded, whitish pubescent towards the margin; hymenium PEZIZA. 103 orange-yellow, externally paler ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, uniguttulate, 28—30 X 8u; paraphyses in- crassated at the apices. Peziza ollaris—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” p. 68; “Gre- villea,” iii. f£ 79; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” f. 56; B. and Br. “Ann. Nat. Hist.” No. 1828. No. 2066 ; Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 23. Peziza pluvialis—Cooke, : Mycoor.,” fig. 90. Exs. —Phil., “Elv. Brit.,” No. 113. On damp plaster walls and ceilings, on damp paper ; also on burnt ground. Name—Domus, a house; from the habitat. Eastbourne! (Mr. C. J. Miller). King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Clifton, near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). Shrewsbury ! Chichester (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Cup very minute, hardly $a line broad. The colour varies from reddish-brown to pale orange-flesh or salmon- colour; the hairs are very fugaceous. Sowerby’s figure represents the cups as coated with rigid brown hairs, but no such hairs are to be seen in his original specimen, which by the kindness of the Rev. M. J. Berkeley I have been permitted to examine. 102. Peziza subhirsuta. Schum. Cups sessile, gregarious, nearly plane, orange-yellow, externally paler, clothed with a few white scattered, almost obsolete hairs ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 18—20 x lu; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with red granules. Peziza subhirsuta—Schum., “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1787, f. 2; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 70; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1156, t. 3, f 14; Karst., “Myeo. Fenn.,” p. 65; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 1999; “Mycogr.,” fig. 66; “Grevillea,” iii. f. 52. Pyronema subhirsutum—Fckl , “Symb. Myco.,”320. Alewrva subhirsuta—GillL, “Champ.,” . 49. 3 Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” i. 462; Fekl, “F. Rh.,” 1220. On the ground in damp places. Autumn. Cup 1 to 2 lines broad. Name—Sub, somewhat, hirsutus, hairy. PEZIZA 109 Forres! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Glamis! (Rev. J. Steven- son). Roslin, Epping, and Eastbourne (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Attingham Park, Shrewsbury ! C. MARGIN FURNISHED WITH VERY DELICATE SHORT BLACK HAIRS. 103. Peziza melaloma. A. and 8S. Cups sessile, crowded, at first concave, then nearly plane, orbicular, or flexuose, dingy orange ; margin fur- nished with very delicate black fasciculate hairs; asci subeylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 15—18 X 10y; paraphyses clavate at the apices. Peziza melaloma—aA. and S., “Consp.,” p. 336, t. 2, f. 5; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 69; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 190; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 88; Karst., “ Myco. Peon, op.. 606; Nyl. “Pez. Fenn,” p. .16;~-Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1995; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 67; “ Grevillea,” ii, p. 53; Pat., p. 122, f 275 (2). Pyronema melalomwm —Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” 319. Alewria melaloma—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 54, ¢ 1. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 550; Rabh., “ Fung. Pam owes: Bckh, “EF: Rh.,” 1221: Rehm.“ Aseo,” 715. Cup 2 lines broad. The so-called “very delicate black hairs” with which thé margin is furnished are, in the British form at least, merely prominent blackish brown cells, not hairs. On the ground, especially where fire has been. Autumn. Name—unedde, black, Xowa, a border; black-margined. Coed Coch; Wraxall, Somersetshire; Ascot; Orton Longueville (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Glamis, N.B. (Rey. J. Stevenson). Lilleshall! and Caer Caradoc, Salop! Kew Gardens! (Dr. M. C. Cooke). D. DOUBTFUL SPECIES. 104, Peziza argillacea. Sow. Sessile, yellowish, even, at first urceolate, at length cracked and torn, rooting at the base, and hairy. 110 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Peziza argillacea—Sow., “Fung.,” t. 148; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” li. p. 66; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 190; Cooke’s “ Handbk.,” 1992. On modelling clay. Occasionally on common black modelling clay, where, to the artist, it is a troublesome intruder, it being gene- rally necessary to work the part again to get rid of it. It is held to the clay by very fine attenuated cobweb- like fibres from the sides, as it were, to assist the little knotty root (Sowerby). The Rev. M. J. Berkeley, in whose possession Sowerby’s original specimens were, kindly gave me some of the modelling clay on which the Peziza had grown, but the Peziza had long since disappeared. On the surface of the clay, when it-came into my hands, were a number of small, hard, seed-like bodies partly imbedded, around some of which was a growth of mould giving them the appearance of Sowerby’s figure. I have kept the clay damp under a bell-glass for some years, but no Peziza has appeared. Genus II—Psttopezia. Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 373.. Indeterminate, immarginate, agglutinate; hymenium always exposed. (Plate V. fig. 23.) The typical representative of this genus has only been found once. It resembles a Rhizina more than a Peziza, though at first included with the latter, but it has not the peculiar roots of the former. The spores differ also from those in Rhizina. Two species ee ee sis oe ee -. 1-2 A. HYMENIUM MOUSE-BROWN. 1. Psilopezia Babingtonw. Berk. Small, convex above, mouse-brown, fixed by the margin; beneath concave, pale watery brown, slightly rugose, with obsolete fibrils ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, ———— HYMENOSCYPHA. 111 broadly elliptic, 18—20 x 10—12u”; paraphyses linear, clavate at the apices. (Plate V. fig. 23.) Peziza Babingtonui—Berk., “Ann, Nat. Hist.,” No. 554, Psilopezia Babingtonu—Berk., “Outl,”’ p. 373 ; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2162. On rotten wood. Cup 4 an inch or more broad, contracting greatly in drying, irregular in outline, convex above, mouse-brown ; concave beneath, and slightly wrinkled, pale watery brown, fixed by the border; asci linear; spores broadly elliptic; paraphyses linear, their apices clavate (B. and ie L; G:). Name—After the Rev. C. Babington. Grace Dieu Wood, Leicestershire! (Rev. C. Babington). B. HYMENIUM GREENISH-BLACK. 2. Psilopezia myrothecioides. B. and Br. Sub-orbicular; margin laciniate, tomentose, pallid yellow; hymenium greenish-black ; asci linear; sporidia 8, elliptic, margin pellucid, 17—19 x 10—13y;_ para- physes filiform, broadly clavate and brown at the apices. Psilopezia myrothecioides—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1489, t. ii. f. 5 ; “ Grevillea,” 111. p. 122. On Prunus padus. Two to five lines broad. The asci are cylindrical, 200u long, 17u broad. The clavate apices of the para- physes are 10 to 13u broad, and brownish. The cells of the excipulum are 20 to 30u broad. Name—WMyrothecvwm, a genus of fungi, edo, likeness resembling a Myrotheciwm. New Pitsligo (Rev. J. Fergusson). Genus III.—HYMENoscYPHA. Fries. Opening freely, naked, glabrous; cup thin, membra- naceous, but sufficiently firm, supported by the slender sub-equal stem; hymenium distinct; asci large, clavate i2 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. or cylindrical; sporidia often in two rows; texture fibroso-cellulose. (Plate V. figs. 24-27.) Growing on twigs, fruit, and very often on stems of plants (Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 117). Name—inufv, a membrane, and oxidoe, a cup; from the membranaceous character of the cup. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SUBGENERA. I. Sclerotinia .. sas bi F 7 Ae 1-7 II. Ciboria o rk a a3 yr -. 8-19 IIL. Trichoseypha she . és és ‘+ IV. Cyathoidea ee ee ee ee ee ee 21-50 KEY TO THE SUBGENERA. Growing from a conspicuous sclerotium ais -- Sclerotinia. Epiphytal, having no distinct sclerotium EU 1 Margin furnished with hair-like processes .. .. Trichoseypha. ; ic without hair-like processes .. ~ ae Cups rather large, growing on dead fruit or the in- 9 florescence of plants or twigs ue ae .. Ciboria. *) Cups small (rarely exceeding 3 lines in height) grow- on wood, herbaceous stems, and fruit oe .. Cyathoidea. Supcenus I.—Sc eroTiniA. (Fckl, “Symb. Myco.,” p- 330.) Cup rather large, or rather small, long stemmed, arising from a sclerotium, more or less infundibuliform, fleshy, marginate, at length more expanded, for the most part glabrous; asci elongated, 8-spored ; sporidia ovate, oblong-ellipsoid, hyaline, guttulate, continuous; para- physes filiform (Fckl.). (Plate V. fig. 24.) Name—Sclerotiwm, a tuberous fungus. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic “a oe és .. species 1-2 p. Sporidia cymbiform .. ee es ee » 93-4 o. Sporidia oblongo-fusiform .. Pe on aan p. Sporidia cylindrical .. ee oe ee s Key To THE SPECIEs, Sporidia elliptic .. oe ve oe oe oo Sporidia cylindrical ee ee ee ee . 4 HYMENOSCYPHA. 113 1 Stem slender, but not filiform .. + al an ~ 2 *\Stem filiform eg aa me aia me ay Selerotium buried in the earth, associated with Anemone nemerosa a6 ans PRD Key TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium pallid yellowish-green .. ws .. luteo-virescens. Hymenium brown or greyish-brown.. ; Fe Hymenium yellow... as aa e Steak Margin subserrate .. ae ee es .. bolaris. 1.{Margin tomentose .. on sé age .. amentacea. Margineven .. ee or as ue ds 9 deat white os oe a oe .. Aspegrenii. ‘\Externally yellow... Ar s a Wy ees Stem long, slender, flexuous ay a .. Bryophila. 3. (Stem short, firm, thickish .. a sa .. serotina. (Stem filiform .. ° ve ae o. .. tuba. 4 ee all, scabrous .. ie ne e. .. pseudo-tuberosa. *\ Externally glabrous .. Si da ee BL Stem short, thick, flexuous, umber-brown .. .. caucus. 5 Stem slender, at first subtomentose, pale brown .. echinophila. *)Stem long, slender, flexuous, pallid-brown .. subularis. Stem attenuated downwards, blackish-brown .+ jirma. A. SPORIDIA BROADLY ELLIPTIC OR OVATE. (a) On fruit.* 8. Hymenoscypha pseudo-tuberosa. (Rehm.) Cup infundibuliform, when moist expanded, sub- patelliform ; externally, as well as the stem, brown or olivaceous brown, slightly scabrous; hymenium livid or livid-brown ; stem long, rather slender, subflexuous ; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, obtuse at the ends, 9—10 xX 4-5u; paraphyses filiform. (Plate V. fig. 25.) Peziza pseudo-tuberosa—Rehm, “Asco.,” No. 106; Pat., p. 171, f. 378. Sclerotinia Batschiana—Zopf. and * The term “ fruit’’ is used here in a popular sense to include the parts closely associated with the fruit. 120 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Syd., “Mycoth. Mar.,” 50, c. icon. Peziza glandicola— Doass., “Revue Myco.,” v. iii. pt. 10, p. 49; “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 132, t. 65, f 288. Exs.—Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 106; Doass. and Pat., “Champ.,” No. 138; Zopf. and Syd., “Mycoth. Mar.,” 50; Winter, “ Fungi Eur.,” 2649; Ellis, “N. A. Fungi,” 983. On decayed acorns. Cup 1 to 4 lines broad; 3 to 7 lines high. Name—vwevdie, false, tuber, a tuber; appearing to grow from a tuber, whereas it is an acorn. North Wootton, near King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plow- right). 9. Hymenoscypha amentacea. (Balb.) Cup stipitate, infundibuliform, then expanded, pale brown ; externally paler ; margin tomentose; stem slender, more or less elongated, often flexuose; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 12 x 5°54; paraphyses filiform, some- times clavate at the apices. Peziza amentacea—Balb., “ Act. Taur.,” ii. p. 79, t. 2; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 37; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 28; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 181. Pez. yulacea—Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 285. Ciboria amentacea—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 311. Rutstremia amentacea—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 106. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” No. 320; Fekl. “F. Rh.,” No. 1178; Phil. “Elv. Brit.,” No. 116; Winter, “Fungi Eur.,” 2964. On catkins of willow. March and April. Cup 2 to 5 lines broad; stem 1} to 10 lines long, $a line thick. The hair-like cells of the margin are 50u long, 18u broad, and continuous. Name—A mentum, a catkin; from its habitat. Almond Park, Shrewsbury! Moncrieffe, near Perth! (Dr. Buchanan White). 10. Hymenoscypha caucus. (Rebent.) Cup vasculiform, margin erect or incurved, flesh waxy; externally pallid, becoming brown, glabrous; hymenium umber-brown; stem short, sometimes elon- HYMENOSCYPHA. 121 gated, rather thick, flexuous; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, ovate, or sub-elliptic, or subglobose, 10 X 64; para- physes filiform. Peziza caucus—Rebent., “ Neom.,’ p. 386, t. 4, f. 17; Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 283; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 126; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2093 (in part); “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 23; Pat. p. 210, f. 483. Pez. amentalis—Schum., “Saell.,.” p. 418. Ciboria caucus—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 311. Phialea caucus—Gill., “Champ.,” 110. On dead catkins of poplar, lying in damp spots. Spring. Cup 1 to 23 lines broad; stem as long or twice as long as the width of cup, same colour as cup. The figure of Rebentisch, t. iv. f. 17, represents an exceptional form of the plant, with a very slender stern, described as “stipes filiform, slender, not dilated up- wards” (Fries, /. c.); but our specimens have a moderately thick stem, enlarged at the point of junction with the cup: but Fries had only seen the figure. Name—Caucus, a drinking-vessel. Near Perth, N.B.! (Dr. Buchanan White). (b) On twigs. 11. Hymenoscypha luteo-virescens. (Rob.) Cup patelliform, then convex, firm, pallid-green, margin entire; stem slender, attenuated below, flexuose, more or less elongated and immersed in the earth; asci eylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptical, 15 x 5u; para- physes filiform, stout, filled with granules. Peziza luteo-virescens—Rob. in Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. No. 1541; ed. 11. No. 1041; “Ann. Se Nat.,” 1847, viii. p. 188. Peziza pallido-virescens—Phil. in “Gre- villea,” vi. p. 24; “Scott. Nat.” vi. 163. Phialea luteo- virescens— Gill., “Champ.,” p. 108. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” l. ¢.; Phil., “Elv. Brit.,” No. 122. On buried petioles of Acer. Autumn. Cup 1 to 53 lines broad; stem often 10 lines long. 122 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. The exterior is clothed with fine, adpressed, silky hairs ; not glabrous, as stated by Desmaziere. Name—Luteus, yellow, virens, green; greenish- yellow. Near Newport, Salop! Wrekin, Salop! B. SPORIDIA OBLONGO-ELLIPTIC OR FUSIFORM. (a) On fruit. 12. Hymenoscypha echinophila. (Bull.) Cup infundibuliform, then plane, fleshy, pale cin- namon or subfuliginous, glabrous; hymenium rusty brown; stem paler, rather slender, more or less elongated, at first subtomentose, then glabrous; asci cylindraceo- clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, curved, often furnished at the poles with a short appendage, having a globose head, 2 to 4 guttulate, 12—22 x 4—5n; paraphyses filiform, slightly enlarged at the summits. Peziza echinophila—Bull., “Champ.,” 11. p. 235, t. 500, f. 1; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,”. ii p. 118; D. C, “Flop ii. p. 82; Pers. “Myco. Eur.,” p. 278; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 567; Cooke, “ Handbk.,’ No. 2085; Pat., p. 35, f. 85. Phialea echvnophila—Gill, “Champ.,” 101, C2: Exs.—Phil, “Elv. Brit.,’ 32; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 606; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.” 648; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. 11. 367. | On decaying involucres of chestnut. Autumn. Cup about 24 to 8 lines broad. Name—yivoc, a hedgehog, pfAoc, loving; found on spiny involucres. King’s Lynn (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Norton Camp, near Craven Arms! Near Hereford! 13. Hymenoscypha subularis. (Bull.) Cup hypocrateriform, entire, fragile, lateritius or pallid-brown ; hymenium darker; stem long, slender, flexuose, same colour; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia HYMENOSCYPHA. 123 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, biguttulate, 17—20 x 4—5y; paraphyses filiform, thickened at the apices. Peziza subularis—BullL, “ Champ.,” p. 236, t. 500, f. 2: D. C., “ Flo. Fr.,” ii. p. 83. P. subulipes—Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” p. 282. P. carpvni—Batsch (?), “ EL,” p. 215, fig. 50; “Scott. Nat.,” vi. 163. Phialea subularis—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 101, ¢. 1. On seeds of Angelica. Cup 1 to 13 lines broad ; height, including stem, 5 to 7 lines. The exterior of our specimen was nearly white, the dise very pale brown. Name—Swubula, an awl; from the shape of the stem. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (b) On branches, twigs, or leaves. 14. Hymenoscypha firma. (Pers.) Cup infundibuliform, then expanded, repand, firm, smooth, dark or pale brown; stem more or less elongated, becoming blackish-brown, attenuated downwards; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, often furnished at the poles with a short spicule, bearing a globose head, biguttulate, 10O—19 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform, stout, branched. Peziza firma—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 658; and “Myco. Kur.,” p. 277; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 117; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 200; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 27; and “Mon. Pez.,” p. 130; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 35 ; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2082; Price, t. 4, f. 23. Peziza ochrolewca—Bolt., t. 105, f 1; Sow., t. 115. Crboria firma—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 312. Rutstrenia firma— Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 108. Helotwwm firmwm—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 233. Phialea frma—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 101, e. i. Eixs.—Libert, exs. No. 228; Karst. “Fung. Fenn.,” 736; Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” 78; Rhem, “ Asco.,” 13; Winter, “Fungi Eur.,” 2965 ; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 646. On rotten sticks of oak. Cup 4 to 4 an inch broad; stem 3 to 2 inches high. Scattered or gregarious; leathery when fresh, hard when dry. 124 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Firmus, firm; from its firm flesn. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Forres, N.B. (Rev. Dr. Keith). Hawthornden, near Edinburgh! Down- ton Castle, near Ludlow! Condover! Craven Arms! Church Stretton! and The Wrekin, Salop. 15. Hymenoscypha bolaris. (Batsch.) Cup infundibuliform or subhemispherical, firm; ex- ternally fibrilose-veined or wrinkled, nearly ochraceous ; hymenium brown, margin subserrated; stem rather short, attenuated downwards or equal ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia oblong-elliptic, biguttulate, 14—16 x 4—6n; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Peziza bolaris—Batsch, . p. 221 £ 155 ; Fries, “Sys. Myco., ” i pcitzs Pers,“ syn: Fung.,” p. 658; i ‘ Myco. Fur.,” p. 279 A and S. p. 330; °« Eng. Flo.,” Vv. p. 200; Cooke, ‘ Handbk., ” 2078. Ciboria bolaris—Fekl, . Symb. Myco.,” p- 311. Exs.—Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” 171; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 1260. On dry fallen branches of holly. Cup 14 to 2 lines broad and high; externally paler than the disc; when dry the margin is inflexed. Name—3@Aoc, a clod; perhaps in allusion to the colour. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 16. Hymenoscypha Aspegrenit. (Fries.) Gregarious, stipitate ; cup subrepand; hymenium yellow; externally, as well as the subascending stem, white; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong- elliptic, biguttulate, 8—10 x 3°5u. Penza Aspegremi—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 131. Helotiuum Aspegreni—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 355; Berk., “ Outl,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2144. Peziza bicolor, var. Sow., t. 369, f. 7. Phialea Aspegrenn —Gill., “Champ.,” p. 107, ¢. i. On rotten hazel in a wet ditch. Spring. “Two to three lines high; stem somewhat slender ” (Fries). en a i te HYMENOSCYPHA. 125 At first hemispherical, then expanded and plane ; stem slender, attenuated downwaras. Name—After Aspegren, a friend of Fries. Wier Coppice, near Shrewsbury ! 17. Hymenoscypha serotina. (Pers.) Cup stipitate, plano-convex, rather thin, bright yellow; stem short, firm, thickish; asci cylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic or clavate, straight or slightly curved, 22—24 x 4iu. Helotwum serotinum—Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 313; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2132; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 156. Peziza serotuna—Pers., “ Syn. Fung.,” p. 661; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 119; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 201. Helvella awrea—Bolt., t. 98. Exs.—Fekl., 1157. On dead leaves and branches in water. Autumn. Cup about 1 to 2 lines broad; stem 13 to 2 lines long. Gregarious or crowded. Name—Serotinus, late ; from its late appearance. Near Halifax (Bolton). C. SPORIDIA CYLINDRICAL. 18. Hymenoscypha bryophila. (Fries.) Cup stipitate, slender, at first concave, then convex, glabrous, flavescent ; stem long, slender, flexuose, slightly pubescent ; asci clavate; sporidia cylindrical, curved, 10 X 2u; paraphyses filiform, enlarged upwards, septate. Pexza bryophila—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 119. P. pyxidata— Flo. Dan.,” t.1017,f.1. Phialea bryophila —Gill., “Champ.,” p. 100. Amongst moss in mountain pastures. Autumn. Cup 1 to 14 lines broad, 2} to 5 lines high. Scattered, slender, nearly white, becoming yellowish. Name—Bryum, a genus of mosses, and ¢fXoe, loving ; from its habitat. Longmynd, Salop ' 126 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. D. SPORIDIA UNKNOWN, 19. Hymenoscypha tuba. (Bolt.) Cup campanulate, disc plane-umbilicate, stem filiform ; altogether bright pale yellow. Peziza tuba—Bolt., “Hist. Fung.,” iii. t. 106, f 1; Pers., “Myco. Eur:,” p. 278; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 128 (excl. part); “Eng. Flo.,’ v. p. 202. Meruleus tubeformis—With., vol. 4, p. 146. Helotwwm tuba—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 355; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2140. Phialea twba—Gill, “Champ.,” p. 99. On putrid stems of plants, in moist places. “This beautiful little peziza adheres by a claw at the base to the putrid stems of decayed plants in moist places near rills of water. It is shaped like a trumpet in miniature. The height about half an inch. The colour a bright pale yellow” (Bolt., /. c.). Name—Twuba, a trumpet; from its shape. Var. B. Ochracea—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1486. On a heap of decaying vegetables. Menmuir (Rev. M. Anderson). SuBGENusS III.—TricHoscypHa. Cooke. Cup cyathiform, entire, stipitate; margin furnished with hair-like rigid processes. (Plate V. fig. 26.) Dr. Cooke has shown that the hair-like processes in the four exotic species, for the reception of which he formed the subgenus, viz. Peziza sulcipes (Berk.), P. Hindsw (Berk.), P. tricholoma (Mont.), and P. wmsititia (B. and C.), are not true hairs, but squamules, composed of a number of longitudinal cells lying parallel to each other, the exterior ones gradually diminishing in length, so that the base of each squamule is broader than the apex. This structure is the same in the teeth of the well-known Peziza inflexa (Bolt.), and although this species is much smaller than the exotic species named above, it must be HYMENOSCYPHA. 127 placed in the same subgenus. In a more consistent classification of the Discomycetes, this and the two pre- ceding subgenera should be closely associated with the series Phialea of Fries. Name—Spié, hair, and cyi¢oc, a cup. In allusion to the hair-like processes with which the margin and some- times the exterior are furnished. 20. Hymenoscypha coronata. (Bull.) Cup at first pyriform or hemispherical, then cyathi- form, glabrous, pallid or yellowish, margin crowned with setaceous teeth; stem slender, straight or curved; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, fusiform, 15—20 x 3—4u; para- physes rather stout, enlarged upwards. (Plate V. fig. 26.) Peziza coronata—Bull., “Champ.,” p. 251, t. 416, f. 4; Bries, “Sys. Myeo.,” 11. 120; Pers. “Obs,” i’ p. 36; D. C., “Flo. Fr.,” ii. p. 83; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 29; and “ Mon. Pez.,” p. 135; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 38; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2086;: Gonn. and Rabh., ii. t. 6, fF. 9; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 307. P. radiata—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 662; “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 287; Nees, “Sys.,” f. 293. P. subwlata—Schum., “ Flo. Dan.,” t. 1380. P. denticulata—Schum., “ Flo. Dan.,” t. 1016, f. 3. Helo- tium coronatwm—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 237; “Myeo. Fenn.,” p. 136. Phialea coronata—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 110. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.” ed. i. 872, ed. il. 72; Rabh., “ Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 219; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” oo beck), “F. Rh,” fs; Phil: “Biv Bit.” 121 - Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 379. On dead herbaceous stems. Autumn and winter. Cup 4 to 1 line broad; stem 4 to 14 line high. Scattered or gregarious; whitish, pallid, or tinged with yellowish brown. Name—Corona, a crown. Shobdon, Herefordshire! Frequent. Var. wnflexa. (Bolt.) Whitish, teeth triangular. Peziza infleca—Bolt., t. 106, f. 2; Sow. t. 306: 128 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 201; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2087. Phialea infleca—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 106. On stems of nettles. Autumn. Name—ZIn/flecto, to bend or curve, Near Halifax (Bolton). SuBGENUS IV.—CYATHOIDEA. Smaller than the preceding; cups thin,at first urceolate, then concave or plane, orbicular, glabrous, or subtomen- tose; stem usually slender. (Plate V. fig. 27.) Rarely exceeding 3 lines in height. Growing on wood, herbaceous stems, and fruit. Name—x«xva0oe, a cup, doc, a resemblance. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia oblong or oblongo-elliptic. (a) On dead wood “8 a .. species 21-24 (b) On herbaceous stems aN st ae (c) On leaves... oe ae Js » 26-28 (d) On fruit . ee ad B. Sporidia fusiform or clavate, broad. (a) On wood (except fructigena on fruit) ,, 30-34 (b) On herbaceous stems and grass... » Cae (c) Onleaves.. oa ue as 5 66 Sporidia fusiform, narrow. ' (a) On wood rs i . us » 37-39 A (b) On herbaceous stems ae Ae » 40-42 (c) On leaves iP ae a » 43-44 p. Sporidia pyriform or reniform. (a) On fruit “s a e's +" . goo (b) On leaves... oe “ we » 46 . Sporidia cylindrical. ee 9 29 Q & (a) On dead wood oe ps be a ee | (b) On root-fibres oe a4 “% ~~ 2 ae (c) On carex stems oe as se » 49 ! (d) On fruit +n es <"s is » 90 Kry TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium brown .. - os és aes | Hymenium pale tan-colour, externally farinose .. nitidula, Hymenium testaceous (confer seutula) —.. +. emergens. Hymenium red ; ts ve ss Hymenium amber... as as ee .. eélectrina. Hymenium yellow .- oe ae oe Hymenium white as os a e. er, Hymenium rosy-white + an ve .. rhodoleuca., Hymenium, ? colour .. me se ve .» aquatica. HYMENOSCYPHA. 129 Cups pale cinnamon or brownish-yellow renisporum, I jour externally yellow 6 lutescens. Cup externally brown oe (Stem short, black ee strobilina. Stem short, yellowish-brown | calyculus. Stem short, white or greyish-brown amenti, 9, J Stem rather long, pallid-brown monilifera. Stem more or less elongated, stout, pale brown cacaliz. Stem more or less elongated, ‘brown, darket at the base (on leaves) , és : | (on seed-vessels) petiolorum. 3 Cup cyathiform or plane Broomei. *\Cup urceolate (on Hquisctunc) Persoonii.* Externally furfuraceous rhizophila. 4, (Externally villous Laburni. Externally glabrous .. den Stem long, tomentose below; ‘dise orange- -yellow .. Hedwigii. Stem long, subflocculose ; disc yellowish- -red 5. {Stem long, glabrous (at first pubescent) virgultorum. fructigena. |Stem long, glabrous ; sporidia large. . scutula. \Stem short, tomentose below ; dise darkish- -yellow aurea. Externally pruinose ; margin fimbriate -» concolor. 6 Externally pruinose ; margin subdenticulate eburnea. ’ ) Externally eat earn striate .. Urtica. Externally glabrous Ee Growing on larch-leaves advenula. Growing on pine-leaves subtile. 7. «Growing on wood sordida. Growing on petioles albida. (Growing on herbaceous stems. 8 Sporidia oblongo-fusiform clavata. .{Seoridia narrowly fusiform or linear cyathoidea, A. SPORIDIA OBLONG OR OBLONGO-ELLIPTIC. (a) On dead wood. 21. Hymenoscypha Broome: (nov. sp.). Scattered, stipitate, cyathiform or plane, flesh red stem rather slender, glabrous, firm; margin entire ; 2 cylindrical, flexuous ; ascl eylindraceo- clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, rounded at the ends or subfusiform, 15 X 5p. (Plate V. fig. 27.) Pexza araneosa—Bull., Kew Herbarium, On dead wood. Cup 1 line broad, 1 line high. Name—After Mr. C. E. Broome. * Removed to genus Stamnaria. IK 130 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 22. Hymenoscypha monilifera. (Fckl.) Stipitate, scattered or cespitose; cup seated amongst Bispora, at first subclavate, at length dilated ; hymenium concave, patellate when mature, marginate, waxy, externally as well as the rather long stem, smooth, pallid-brown; disc slightly darker; asci elongated ; sporidia 8, biseriate, oblong, attenuated towards each end, but obtuse, at length uniseptate, 12 x‘4u, hyaline ; paraphyses filiform, subclavate. Bispora monilifera—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 310. Penza monilifera—Cooke, “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 111. Exs.—* F. Rh.,” 74. Amongst Bispora monilioides on cut timber. Cup 4 to 1 line broad, 3 to 14 lines high. Fuckel has constituted a new genus, under the name Bispora, for this species, of which he assumes that Bispora monilioides is the conidial form. Name—WMonile, a necklace, and fero, to carry; from its relationship to Bispora monilioides. Dupplin Castle, N.B. 23. Hymenoscypha Hedwigi (nov. sp.). Cup stipitate, concave or plane, yellow tinged with orange, margin entire, paler beneath; stem rather long, lower half tomentose, whiteand enlarged; asci cylindraceo- clavate; sporidia oblong or oblong-elliptic, biguttulate, 7—10 X 3u. Octospora fungoidaster—Hedw., “ Mus. Frond.,” ii. p. 53, t. xix. figs. 1-4. Peziza fructiyinea, 3. virgultorum —Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p.118. P. virgultorwm—* Flo. Dan.,” t. 1016, f. 2. On twigs of hazel. May. | Cup } to 14 lines broad, height about the same. The cups are at first concave, then plane; the stem is white, enlarged at the base, and attached to the wood by white myceliuin, Name—After Joannes Hedwig. Hanwood, near Shrewsbury ! HYMENOSCYPHA. 131 24. Hymenoscypha lutescens. (Hedw.) Cup stipitate, at first hemispherical, then hypocrateri- form, yellowish; hymenium brownish, margin paler; stem short or sometimes elongated, slender, flexuose, subcylindrical, pale; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 12— 15 x 44; paraphyses slender, filiform. Octospora lutescens—Hedw., “Mus. Frond.,” ii. t. 9, f. 3. Pezza lutescens—A. and S., p. 3384; “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1440, f. 1; Wahl, “Ups.,” p. 465; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” il. p. 120. Helotiwm lutescens—Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2134. Phialea lutescens—Gill, “Champ.,” 157. On dead twigs amongst moss, ete. Cup 4 to 13 lines broad, and as much high. Gre- garious. Name—Luteus, yellow ; yellowish. Bloxham in Herb. Kew! (b) On herbaceous stems. 25. Hymenoscypha rhodoleuca. (Fries.) Cup plane, rosy-white, glabrous; stem nearly equal, slender, same colour; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 10—14 x 44; paraphyses filiform. Peziza rhodolewca—Fries, “Obs. Myco.,” ii. p. 306; “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 127; Karst., “Pez. et Asco.,” p. 31; and “Mon. Pez.,” p. 139. Helotium rhodoleucum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 355; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 128. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 152. On dead branches of Hquisetum, in damp _ places. Spring. Cup 3 to 3 line broad; stem varying from } to 3} a line high. When young this plant is pyriform, but soon becomes expanded, and at length plane or convex. The colour is a beautiful rosy-white. Name—p¢éov, a rose, Aewkdc, white ; rose-white. Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury! 132 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. (c) On leaves. 26. Hymenoscypha petiolorwm. (Rob.) Rather large, stipitate, often solitary; cup fulvous, concave, then plane, margined with somewhat triangular teeth; stem more or less long; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, curved, 2-guttulate, 17 x 4u; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Peziza petiolorwm—Rob. in Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i, 1158, ed. i, 658; “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1842, -p. 91. Peziza denigrans—¥F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 309. Phialea petiolorum—Gill., “Champ.,” 102. Exs.—Desm., U. c.; FekL, “ F. Rh.,” 2193, On petioles of beech, ete. Autumn. Cup about $a line broad; stem reaching sometimes 4 an inch in length. The margin is furnished with minute, somewhat triangular teeth, easily overlooked in dried specimens—not large enough to warrant putting it in the subgenus T'richoscypha. Name—FPetiole, the stalk of a leaf; from its habitat. Shrewsbury ! 27. Hymenoscypha subtile. (Fries.) Cup stipitate, plano-convex, concave beneath, rather firm, white, becoming pallid-ochraceous; stem slender, rather short ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic or subfusiform, 5 X 2u; paraphyses filiform, slender, scarce. Helotium subtile—Fries, ‘Obs. Myco.,” i. p. 310; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 354; Karst. “Myco. Fenn.,” p- 131; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 21380; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” 315. Peziza subtilis—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 157 ; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 208. Phialea subtile—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 161. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 68; Fekl, “F. Rh.,” 1160; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 1265. On decaying leaves of pine in shady woods. Autumn. Cup about 500 to 800u broad, and 200 to 600u high. Scattered; at first white, becoming yellow when dried. A very minute and delicate species. HYMENOSCYPHA., 133 | Name—Swbtilis, small, delicate. Rose Hill, near Shrewsbury ! 28. Hymenoscypha advenula. Phil. Cup stipitate, concave or plane, tough, white or vellowish white; stem equal, slender; asci cylindraceo- clavate; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 8—9 x 2°5—4u; paraphyses slenderly filiform, scarce. Helotium advenulum—Phil., “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 24. Eixs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,’” No. 133. On fallen decaying leaves of larch. Spring. Very minute, scattered, or gregarious. Varying from the preceding so little that I had some misgiving at first whether it should be separated, but the sporidia are nearly double the size. Name—Advena, a stranger ; a little stranger. Trefriw, North Wales! (d) On fruat. 29. Hymenoscypha strobilina. (Fries.) Pyriform, firm ; cup concave, pallid-rufescent ; margin tumid, entire; stem short, black; asci subcylindrical, slender, slightly enlarged towards the top; sporidia 8, oblong or fusiform, 8—12 x 2°5u; paraphyses slenderly filiform. Pexiza strobilina—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 125; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 30; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 41: “Grevillea,” ii. p. 186. Ombrophila strobilina—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 92. Kxs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.”; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” ed. u. Nos. 222 and 624; Phil., “Elv. Brit.,’ No. 40; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 1254. On fir-cones. Autumn and winter. Cup 300 to 500u broad, and the same high; dise at first urceolate, afterwards more expanded; the texture is tough, and when dry the plant is rigid and black. Name—Strobilis, a pine-cone ; from the habitat. Derbyshire! (Mr. James Renny). North Wootton, 134 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Norfolk ! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Near Hereford! near Shrewsbury! Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). B. SPORIDIA BROADLY FUSIFORM OR CLAVATE. (a) On wood (one on fruit). 30. Hymenoscypha aquatica. (Curr.) Cup stipitate; disc minute, very little wider than the apex of the delicate, almost filiform stem, concave or convex; asci cylindrical or cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, colourless, elliptic or clavate, biguttulate, 13—15 X 5—6u. Helotium aquaticum—Curr., “Linn. Trans.,” xxiv. p. 154, t. 25, f. 19; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2139. On fragment of stick in water. May. Cup 4 a line broad; stem about 2 to 2} lines long; solitary. The measures of the sporidia given above are derived from Mr. Currey’s original specimen. It is to be regretted he made no note of the colour. Name—A quaticus, of the water; from its habitat. Paul’s Cray Common, Kent! (Mr. F. Currey). 31. Hymenoscypha virgultorum. (Vahl.) Gregarious, stipitate, tough, glabrous, hymenium yellowish red, at length rufous; cup patelleform or frequently convex; exterior paler; stem slender, attenu- ated downwards, subflocculose; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, often slightly curved, biguttulate, becoming 1 to 2 pseudo-septate, 14—23 x 3—5u; para- physes filiform. Peziza virgultorum—Vahl., “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1016, f. 2; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 37; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. (as var. B of fructigena). Helotiwm virgultorwm— Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 109; Cooke, “Handbk.,” 2133 (exs. part). On dead branches of trees. Autumn. This nearly resembles fructigena, and is regarded by many high authorities as a variety of that species, but it HYMENOSCYPHA. 135 differs in the sporidia and the colour of the disc. This is a common species in damp shady woods. Name—Virgultum, a twig; from the habitat. North Wootton, Norfolk! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Colwyn Bay, North Wales! Shelton Rough, Shrewsbury! 32. Hymenoscypha fructigena. (Bull.) Gregarious, tough, glabrous, pallid, becoming yellow- ish; cup patelleform; stem long, thin, flexuous; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, clavate or fusiform, biguttulate, becoming pseudo-l-septate, 15—17 x 3—4n; paraphyses filiform. Pezxrza fructigena—Bull., “Champ.,” p. 263, t. 228; Batsch., “ EL,” t. 150; Sow., t. 117; Pers, “Obs,” i p. 42; Nees, “Sys,” f. 292; Schum., “Saell.,” p. 420; A. and S., p.331; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 118 (in part); Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 113; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 314; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 201. Phialea fructigena— Gill., “Champ.,” p. 99, ¢ 1. Exs—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. 1060, ed. ii. 460; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 479, ed. ii. 392. On acorns, beech-mast, and chestnuts. The hymenium is usually white at first, afterwards it becomes yellow; the exterior dirty white; the stem is attenuated towards the base, not unfrequently minutely pubescent; the sporidia vary from clavate to fusiform, straight or slightly curved, with two guttulz, becoming uniseptate. Name—Fructus, fruit, gigno, to bear; growing on fruit. Dinmore, near Hereford! North Wales! Forres, N.B.! (Dr. Keith). Scarborough! (Mr. Massee). Colwyn Bay, North Wales! 33. Hymenoscypha laburni. (B. and Br.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, concave or plane, externally villose, furfuraceous, pale; margin inflexed; hymenium ochraceous, bright-coloured ; asci cylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, sub-acute or clavate, 2 to 136 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 4-outtulate, 17—27x5—9nu; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Helotiwm laburni—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,’ No. 1624; “ Grevillea,” v. p. 62. On decorticated branches of Cytisus laburnwm, or beneath the cuticle, which it seems to throw off. Cups i to $ aline broad, gregarious, fleshy, firm ; flesh yellowish-white. Name—Laburnum, a well-known tree. Menmuir, N.B.! (Rev. M. Anderson). 34. Hymenoscypha calyculus. (Sow.) Cup stipitate, concave, margin elevated or expanded, yellowish-browan, fleshy, firm, smooth ; stem short, thick, attenuated downwards; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic or clavate, straight or slightly curved, 15—18 x 3—5y; paraphyses filiform, slender. Helotium calyculus—Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2142. Peziza calyculus—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 129; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 202; Sow., t. 116; With., iv. p. 307; Purt., ii. and iii. No. 1033. P. wm- fundibulum—Grev., “Flo. Edin.,” p. 423; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 180; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 961; Batsch, f. 147. Phialea calyculus—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 108. On decorticated wood and branches. Cup about 1 to 1} lines broad, and the same high. Bright clear brown, flesh firm; dise concave or plane ; stem short, enlarging upwards into the cup. This has probably been confused with H. serotenum and ferru- ginewm, but the sporidia differ. Name—xéAvé, the cup of a flower ; from its shape. Near Shrewsbury! Forres! (Rev. Dr. Keith). King’s © Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). (b) On herbaceous stems. 35. Hymenoscypha scutula. (Pers.) Cup hypocrateriform, becoming nearly plane, firm, glabrous, testaceous yellow; stem rather slender; asci ro ew HYMENOSCYPHA. 137 cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or clavate, straight or curved, 2 to 3-guttulate or pseudo-septate, 18—25 x 4—6u; paraphyses filiform. Peziza scutula—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 284; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 123; Kickx., “Flo. Flan,” 1. 485; Nees, f. 282. Helotiwm seutula—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 233 ; “Myco. Fenn.,” 110; “Scott. Nat.” vi. 125. Phialea scutula—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 108. Helotvwm virgultorum —Pat., p. 38, f. 94. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 739; Sace., “Myco. Ven.,” No. 728. On dead herbaceous stems, Spirea Ulmaria, ete. Cup 3 to 1} lines broad ; stem 4 to 24 lines long. This species has a group of near allies which can be regarded only as varieties. Name—Scutum, a shield; from its resemblance when fully expanded to a little shield. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. J. Keith). Falmouth! (Mr. E. M. Holmes). Persley Den, near Aberdeen! (Professor Trail). Var. fucata. Phil. in “ Elv. Brit.,’ No. 120. Cup subhemispherical ; margin incurved ; disc brown- ish yellow; externally whitish, stained irregularly with dirty yellow. On dead stems of Polygonum lying in water. Ellesmere, Salop ! Var. Lysimachice. Phil. in “ Elv. Brit.,’ No. 120. On dead stems of Lysimachia vulgaris. Shrewsbury ! Var. Menthe. Phil. Cup plane or convex; dise bright yellow; stem slender ; sporidia 14—2 X 3—5y; 2 to 3 guttule, often pseudo-uniseptate. Helotiwm Menthe in “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 188. On decaying stems of Mentha. 158 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Lysimachia, a genus of Primulacee ; from its habitat. Shrewsbury ! Var. Rudbeckic. Cup 1 line wide; stem about 1 to 14 lines high, cylindrical, expanding into the base of the cup; sporidia 18—25 x 4—6p. On dead stems of Rudbeckia. | Name—Rudbeckia, a genus of Composite: from its habitat. Batheaston ! (Mr. C. E. Broome). (c) On leaves. 36. Hymenoscypha albida. (Rob.)' Cup at first subhemispherical, then plane, white, glabrous, margin entire; stem rather stout, enlarged upwards; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or oblongo-elliptic, 2 to 3-guttulate, curved, becoming pseudo-septate, 15—17 x 4u; paraphyses filiform. Peziza albida—Rob. in Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. 2004, and ed. ii. 1604; “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1851, vol. xvi. p. 323. Helotiwm scutula, var. albidwm—Karst., “ Myeco. Fenn.,” p. 112; “Grevillea,” vi. p. 127. Phialea albida —Gill., “Champ.,” p. 105. Exs.—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” l. ¢. On decaying petioles of Praxinus. Cup } to 1 line broad; stem about the same long. When fresh this is ivory-white ; the stem is often brown at the base. Name—Albidus, inclining to white; whitish. Copthorn, near Shrewsbury ! Var. dsculi. The sporidia are larger than in H, albida, 20— 23 x 4—5y, and more frequently clavate. On petioles of horse-chestnut. Name—#sculus, the horse-chestnut ; from its habitat. Shobdon Court, Herefordshire ! HYMENOSCYPHA. 139 C. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM, NARROW. (a2) On wood. 37. Hymenoscypha aurea. (Pers.) Cup stipitate, concave, or plane, fleshy, darkish- yellow, glabrous, except at the base of the slender, rather long stem, which is tomentose and white ; asci cylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or oblong-fusiform, simple or pseudo-septate, 9—10 x 1—2u; paraphyses filiform, slender, sometimes branched. Helotium aur eum—Pers., “ Syn. Fung,,” . O19 3A. and &., p. 350; Fries, “ Sys. Miveo:;, 1h p. 156, Gill, ‘ Champ.,” p. 155. On decorticated wood, especially pine. Cup about 3 to 1 line broad; stem about 1 to 14 lines long, gregarious, slender, but firm. Name—A wreus, golden ; from the colour. Near Shrewsbury ; Carlisle! (Dr. Carlyle). 38. Hymenoscypha emergens. Cooke and Phil. Scattered or fasciculate, emerging from beneath the bark ; cups hemispherical or infundibuliform, stipitate, glabrous, pale ochraceous; hymenium darker; margin entire ; stem flexuose, tapering downwards; asci cylin- drical, ‘or cylindraceo- ‘clavate ; sporidia fusiform, simple, straight or slightly bent, 12—14 x 11 2u ; paraphyses not seen. On dead branches of a tree, euch from beneath the bark. Cup {to ? line broad; height, including stem, 4 to 3 line. Name—mergo, to issue ; from its habit of growth. Scotland ! (Capt. Carmichael in Kew Herb.). 39. Hymenoscypha concolor. Phil. Cup hemispherical, thin, firm, pallid or dirty white ; externally pruinose ; hymenium pallid-brown ; margin minutely fimbriate; stem short, rather stout ; asci cylin- 140 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. draceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or subfusiform, 8— 10 x 2—3u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Pezxza concolor—Phil. in “Grevillea,” viii. p. 102; Steven., “ Myco. Scot.,” p. 321. On hard decorticated wood. Cup } to 3a line broad; stem } of a line long. Name—Concolor, of the same colour ; without varia- tion of colour. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). b. On herbaceous stems and grass. 40. Hymenoscypha cyathoidea. (Bull.) Cup at first pyriform, then hemispherical, at length expanded, thin, tough, glabrous, white or pallid, margin entire ; stem rather long, flexuous, attenuated downwards ; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, narrowly fusiform or linear, 5—8 X 1—1‘5u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Pezza cyathoidea—Bull., “Champ.,” p. 250, t. 416, f. 3 ; Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 662; “ Myco. Eur.,’ i. p. 284; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 124; “ Eng. Flo.” v: p.2aae Nees, f. 294. P. pedicellata—Sow., t. 369, f. 4; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2092; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 30; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 40; Gonn. and Rabh., iii. t. 6, f 7. Cyathicula vulgaris—De Not., “ Dise.,” p. 27. Helotiwm cyathoidewm—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 186. Phialea > th EO. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. iy ed. i. 1061, ed. 11. 461; Berk., exs. 158; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 836; Fekl., “F. Rh.” 1179; Phil, “ Elv. Brit., *79, 80 ; ; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 306; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 832 ; Cooke, 4 Fung. Brit., " ed. ii. 377. On dead herbaceous stems, thistle, potato, Lychnis, Heraclewm, ete. Cup } to ? of a line broad ; the stem about 4a ine long. Seattered or gregarious, cyathiform, texture tough, when quite young slightly pruinose externally; the stem slender, variable in length. Name—xva0oc, a little cup, e?do¢, a resemblance, HYMENOSCYPIIA. 141 Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Neatishead (Dr. Cooke). Church Stretton, Salop! Wrekin, Salop ! Var. Epilobit. Cooke in “ Fung. Brit.,” No. 378. On dead stems of Hpilobiwm. Forden, Montgomeryshire (Rev. E. Vize). Var. Solant. Pers., “ Obs.,” 2, p. 80. On dead potato-stems. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 377. Wellington, Salop! 41. Hymenoscypha Urticw. (Pers.) Cup turbinate, pallid-white or fuscescent, perpendicu- larly striate, firm; margin connivent, slightly pruinose ; hymenium urceolate ; stem rather short, equal, smooth ; pale yellow ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong- tusiform, 7—8 X 2u. Peziza Urtice—Pers., “ Myco. Kur.,” 1. p. 286; Nyl, “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 39; Karst., “Mon. Pez,” 186. Peziza striata—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” u. 122; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 307. Helotwwm Urtice—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 237 ; and “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 133. On dead stems of nettles. Autumn and winter. Cup about 4 of a line ; stem about the same. Name—Urtica, generic name of the nettle. Church Stretton, Salop! Clungunford, Salop! Carlisle! (Dr. Carlyle). 42, Hymenoscypha clavata. (Pers.) Cup cyathiform, pallid or fuscescent, glabrous, firm ; stem rather thick, enlarging into the base of cup; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-fusiform, 4—8 X 1—2u. | Pezxza clavata—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 285; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 122; Fckl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 307. Helotiuum clavatwm—Karst., “Myco. Fenn,” p. 135. Phialea clavata—Gill, “Champ.,” p. 110. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,’ 124. 142 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. On dead stems of Angelica and Pteris. Cup about + of a line broad; stem about the same long ; scattered or gregarious. Name—Clava, a club; shaped like a club. Near Shrewsbury ! (c) On leaves. 43, ITymenoscypha nitidula. (B. and Br.) Cup minute, subhemispherical, irregular; externally pale watery tan, minutely farinaceous, glistening, rather firm ; stem short, equal ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 7—10 X 3u; paraphyses very slenderly fili- form. Pexnza nitidula—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 570; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2091. On dead leaves of Azra cespitosa. Winter. “Scattered; cup slightly concave, at first subhemi- spherical, then nearly plane, often irregular, covered with glistening mealy particles. Allied to the preceding (Peziza cacalie), but distinguished by its uniformly mealy surface, irregular shape, and depressed, not clavate, cup” (B. and Br.). Name—W tidus, shining; somewhat shining. Batheaston, near Bath! (Mr. C. E. Broome). 44, Hymenoscypha electrina. Phil. and Plow. Cup subhemispherical, glabrous, shining, amber- colour, when moist subgelatinous; stem rather short, firm, darker at the base; asci narrowly clavate, pointed at the summit; sporidia 8, fusiform, 5 x I. Peziza electrina—Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” viii. p. 155; “Scott. Nat.,” 1. (new ser.), 86. On pine leaves, intermixed with Dacrymyces suc- cineus, Fries, of which it is the ascigerous stage. Cup 100 to 500u broad, stem not quite as long as the breadth of cup. Name—Jlectrwm, amber ; from the colour. Forres, N.B.! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). HYMENOSCYPHA. 143 D. SPORIDIA PYRIFORM OR RENIFORM. (a) On frutt. 45. Hymenoscypha amentr. (Batsch.) Cup concave, then plane, at length convex, firm, white, becoming greyish-brown; stem short, enlarged upwards ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, subpyri- form, 8 X 3u; paraphyses slenderly filiform. Peziza amenti—Batsch, “Cont.,” i. p. 211, f. 148; Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” p. 314; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 127; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 31; and “Mon. Pez.,” p. 140. Helotuwm amenti—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 128; fan, Champ.,” p. 158, ¢. 1. Exs—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” ed. ii. 809 and 1621; Monee. | Pune. Venn. 245° Phal}“ Ely.. Brit.,” 123: Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 649. On dead catkins of willow in damp places. Cup 200 to 500u broad; height, including stem, 200 to 600u. A minute species, easily recognized by the pyriform sporidia. Name—Amentum, a catkin ; from the habitat. Wrekin, Salop! (b) On leaves. 46. Hymenoscypha renisporum. (Ellis.) Stipitate, concave, at length plane, pale cinnamon or brownish-yellow ; stem equal, slender, darker below ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, biseriate, reniform, 10y long, 5u in the broadest part, biguttulate ; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Helottum renisporum—Ellis in Cooke’s “Synop. Dise. U. 8.” Ombrophila Sydowiana—Rehm in Exs. Syd. “Mycoth. Mar.,” 666. Peziza recedens—Phil. in Herb. Cirboria Sydowiana—Rehm in “ Asco.,” No. 802. Exs.—Rehm, “ Asco.,” U. c.; Syd., “Mycoth. Mar,” J. ¢. On decaying leaves of oak, ete., chiefly on the petioles and ribs. Autumn. Cup $ to 1 line broad; stem rather long. The 144 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. margin in the British specimens is subfimbriate, re- sembling H. petiolorwm, Rob., to which, indeed, it is closely allied. Name—fienes, the kidneys, owépoe, a seed; from the shape of the sporidia. Nescliff, near Shrewsbury ! E. SPORIDIA CYLINDRICAL. (a) On dead wood. 47. Hymenoscypha sordida. (Fckl.) Gregarious, stipitate, glabrous, dirty white, patelli- form, marginate, margin becoming crisped and lacerated, involute ; stem firm; hymenium becoming reddish; asci eylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, cylindrical, curved, hya- line, 6—10 x 1—2u. Pezrzella sordida—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 299: é‘scott. Nat..” vi, 163. Exs.—F ckl., “ F. Rh.,” No. 2078. On broome, Rosa canina (Fckl.). Cup + to 3 a line broad, thin, when moist soft; stem very short. Name—Sordidus, dirty ; dingy in colour. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (b) On root-fibres. 48. Hymenoscypha rhizophila. (Fekl.) Cup stipitate, at first infundibuliform, then plane, immarginate, whitish furfuraceous ; hymenium vitelline ; stem rather long; asci linear, attenuated at each end ; sporidia 8, cylindrical, straight, hyaline, 12 2u. Helotium rhizophilum (Fckl.)—Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2155; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 156. Oiborva rhizophila— Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,’ p. 312. Exs.—F ckL, “ F. Rh.,” No. 1598. On rhizomes of grass. May. Cup 1 to 14 lines broad. HYMENOSCYPHA. 145 Name—piZa, a root, piAoc, loving ; found on roots. Shere, Surrey (Dr. Capron). (c) On carex stems. 49, Hymenoscypha eburnea. (Rob.) Cup hemispherical, ivory-white, margin denticulate, subpruinose; stem short, incurved; asci cylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, narrowly cylindrical, curved, 5X Tp. Peziza eburnea—Rob. in Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ed. 1. No. 2004, ed. 11. No. 1604; Desm., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” £eo 1. vol. xvi, 323. Helotium ebwrneum—Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 160. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” l. ¢. On Carex Pendula. Autumn and winter. Cup 4004 broad; stem 200u long; scattered or gre- garious; glabrous except the margin, which is slightly pruinose. M. Roberge found it on "Holcus and Dactylis. Name—“burneus, made of ivory. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (d) On Fruit. 50. Hymenoscypha cacalice. (Pers.) Cup turbinate or subhemispherical, brownish, gla- brous, firm, mouth subconnivent, paler; stem rather long, slightly thickened; asci subcylindrical; sporidia 8, narrowly cylindrical, somewhat curved, 8 x 1p. Pezriza cacalie—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 285; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 122; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 307; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 569; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2090. Phialea cacaliee—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 104. Exs.—F ck1,, “ F. Rh.,” 2283; Berk. in Kew Herb. On seed-vessels of the common stock, and herbaceous stems. Cup about 500% broad; stem about 300u long, but sometimes nearly absent. The dimensions of sporidia given above are from Fuckel. L 146 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Cacalia, an herb; from its habitat. Guernsey, in Herb. Berk. ! Genus IV.—CHLOROSPLENIUM. Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 356. Cup stipitate, concave or plane, glabrous, waxy, tough ; zeruginous green or olivaceous. (Plate V. fig. 28.) Name—yAwpée, green, oArjv, the spleen; from the colour. Readily distinguished by their dark colour, olivaceous or verdigris-green. They are often irregular in form, and the margin often repand. C. wruginosus stains the wood on which it grows with its green mycelium. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic ee os Hs in -. species 1 B. Sporidia fusiform z A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. 1. Chlorospleniwm versiforme. (Pers.) Gregarious, stipitate or subsessile; cup concave, be- coming plane or convex, difformed or contorted; hyme- nium yellowish olive or fuliginous brown; stem s!ender, often absent ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 8 x 4u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza versiformis—Pers., “Icon. et Deser.,” p. 25, t. 7, f. 7; “Syn. Fung.,” p. 647; “Myco. Eur.,” p. 243; A. and &., p. 314 (b. lwida); Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 131; Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 141. Helotiwm versiforme —Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372, t. 2, £ 6; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2152; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 158. Chlorosplenium - versiforme—De Not., “Disc,” p. 22; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 102. Peziza bulgaioides—Rabh., “ Hedw.,” 1870, p. 136. Exs.—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 1008, 1311; Berk., “ Brit. Fung.,” 274; Thum., “Mycoth. Univ.,” 217; Berk., 274; Ellis, “N. A. Fungi,” 988. CHLOROSPLENIUM. 147 On fir-cones and ash-stumps. Cup 5 lines broad; entire height about the same. Name—Verto, to turn, forma, shape; variable in form. Apethorpe ! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). B. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM. 2. Chlorosplenium ceruginosuin. (“ Flo. Dan.’”) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, head turbinate, then expanded, subflexuose, verdigris-green ; hymenium paler ; stem short, rather stout ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 10—14 x 3°5—45u; paraphyses filiform, slender. (Plate V. fig. 28.) Pexza eruginosa— Flo. Dan.,” t. 1260, f. 1; Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 617; and “ Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 219; Fries, myer wlyeo,, i. p. la); “Ene Flo,,” v. p. 202; “ Grev.,” t. 241; Sow., 347; “Flo. Dan,” 534, 1260, f 1; Nyl, “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 41; Karst., “Mon. Pez.” 142. Helotewm eruginosum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 353; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 314; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2131; Berk., “Outl.,” 372; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 151, ¢. i. Chloro- a erugimosum—Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” iii. . 187, ; Exs.—Berk., No. 281; Karst., Nos.-151, 459 ; Rav., v. No. 40; Pek. “FF. Rh.” 1158 ;. Phil.“ Ely. Brit.,;” No. om; Eile, “N. A. Fung,” 987; Roume., “Fung. Gal,,” 1858; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 389. On fallen oak branches, staining the wood on which it grows, for a considerable depth, of a deep verdigris- green, the wood so stained being employed as “green oak” in the manufacture of Tunbridge ware. The fully developed cups are much more rare than the green mycelioid state. The cups are 4 to 23 lines broad; the stem is very variable in length, and often carries more than one cup. The margin is often lobed, though generally regular. Name—4rugo, verdigris ; from the colour. Woods near Ludlow! 148 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. GENUS V.—BELONIDIUM. Mont. and Dur., “ Flo. Alger.” Cup sessile or shortly stipitate, cyathiform or in- fundibuliform, mouth compressed when dry; cells of the excipulum elongate : texture firm; somewhat waxy; asci 8-spored, paraphyses filiform ; sporidia terete, obtuse or acute at the ends, septate, hyaline. (Plate V. fig. 29.) N ame—edovte, a little needle; from the shape of the sporidia. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Stipitate or substipitate. (a) Sporidia fusiform .. a «. species 1, 2 B. Sessile. (a) Sporidia elliptic or pune eee iota (b) Sporidia fusiform .. : ay (c) Sporidia filiform .. = “ie aE KEY TO THE SPECIES. Growing on wood ae J : ta emer: | Growing on herbaceous stems a — Hymenium pallid-white, substipitate - .. minutissimum. Soe ee pallid-ochraceous, sessile ae -. ventosum. Hymenium dingy-black, externally brown.. .- lacustre. 2. (Hymenium pallid or whitish rr oi ae Hymenium pallid or testaceous A .. culmicolum. Externally brown; sporidia fusiform, 3- -septate .» pullum. 3.4 Externally blackish ; sporidia multiseptate .. excelsius. Externally horn-colour.; sporidia filiform .. .. filisporum. A, STIPITATE OR SUBSTIPITATE. (a) Sporidia fusiform. 1. Belonidwum culmicolum. (Desm.) Cup cyathiform or almost campanulate, pallid or rosy white; the mouth, when dry, contracted, plicate, nearly closed ; hymenium pallid or testaceous, or rosy ; stem very short, stout, or absent ; asci eylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, ‘straight or curved, 3-septate, 23— 28 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform, sometimes enlarged slightly at the apices. (Plate V. fig. 29.) Peziza culmicola—Desm., “ Ann. Sc. Nat.,” 1886, p 243. Belonidiwm vevatum—De Not., “ Dise.,” p. 26 BELONIDIUM. 149 Peziza vexata—Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 139; “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 163. Phialea culmicola—Gill., “ Champ.,” 103. Eixs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” ed. 11.519 and 221; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 545; Phil. “Elv. Brit,” 116; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” 282, ed. ii. No. 28. On dead culms of Graminia. Cup about 500u broad. The margin is _ usually fimbriated, the cup fibroso-striate, the texture waxy. Name—COulmus, corn-straw, colo, to inhabit. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury ! 2. Belomdiwm minutissimum. (Batsch.) Cup at first clavate or obovate, then cupulate, pallid- white, glabrous; stem very short, attenuated at the base ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-fusiform, curved, 4-septate, constricted at the septa, 30 x 6n; paraphyses filiform. Peziza minutissima—Batsch, f. 143; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1071, t. 15, f. 21; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2095. 2. Helminthosporii—Blox. in Herb. Kew. On Helminthosporia. Wintcr. Very minute. “Pallid; cups clavate, substipitate ; margin incurved - sporidia ‘0014 inch (40) long, quadriseptate. Interest- ing from the marked character afforded by the sporidia ” (B. and Br., 0. ¢.). Name—Minutus, minute ; very minute. Twycross! (Rev. A. Bloxam). Batheaston, near Bath (Mr. C. E. Broome). B. SESSILE. (a) Sporidia elliptic or oblong. 3. Belonidium lacustre. (Fries.) Sessile, applanate, orbicular, soft, waxy, plano-convex, dingy blackish ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, at length 1 to 3-septate; paraphyses filiform. 150 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Peziza lacustris—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 143; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 62; Cooke, “ Handbk.,’ No. 2101. Nip- tera lacustris—Fries, “Summa Veg. Sean.,” p. 359; De Not. in “Comm. Soe. Critt. Ital.” 5, 1863, p. 375; non Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 292; nee Curr., “ Linn. Trans.,” vol. 25, p. 153. Patellaria aquatica—Curr., “ Linn. Trans.,” vol. 25, p. 155, t. 25, £ 23; “Scott. Nat.,” vi. 163. Mollisia lacustris—GilL., “ Champ.,” p. 130. _ Exs.—Fries, “Scl. Suec.,” No. 173; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” No. 231. On culms of Scirpus, Arundo, ete. When young adnate, plano-convex, 4 a line broad, even, smooth, black, then dilated, plane, free beneath except the central point of adhesion, externally sooty black, quite black when dry; margin at first connivent, then open, inflexed, entire ; disc turgid, soft, when moist dingy, when dry black (Fries, l. ¢.). After comparing the original specimen of Patellaria aquatica (Curr.) with an original specimen of Fries, “Sel. Suec.,” No. 173, in the Kew Herbarium, there can be no possible doubt of their identity. Name—Lacus, a lake ; from the habitat. St. George’s Hill, Weybridge! and Paul’s Cray Common (Mr. F. Currey). (b) Sporidia fusrform. 4. Belonidium eacelsius. (Karst.) Cups gregarious, convex, livid or cinereous white, or pallid; when dry concave, the same colour or becoming blackish ; hymenium whitish or pallid; asci fusiform- clavate; sporidia 8, elongate-fusiform, ends sub-acute, multiguttulate, becoming multiseptate, 50—65 x 4—dn; paraphyses filiform, branched. Peziza excelsior—Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 165. Mollisea excelsior—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 199; “Grevillea,” viii. p. 102; Steven., “ Myco. Scot.,” p. 326. On dead culms of Avwndo. August. Cup + to $ a line broad. This has a _pseudo- BELONIDIUM. 151 parenchyma composed of subglobose cells below the margin, and oblong cells near and at the margin, which are umber-brown. Name—Zacelsus, high, tall; from its very large sporidia. Grantown, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 5. Belonidiwm ventosum. (Karst.) Cups gregarious, from subspherical-applanate be- coming convex, at first totally cinereous, then cinereous- black ; hymenium pallid-ochraceous, or becoming totally cinereous-black ; margin elevated, very slightly flexuose, obtuse; asci cylindraceo-clavate or subcylindrical ; sporidia 8, elongate-fusiform, often curved; 2 to 4-guttu- late, or spuriously and slenderly 8-septate, 10—20 x 2 —3'5u; paraphyses filiform. Peziza ventosa—Karst., “Mon. Pez.” p. 157; Phil. and Plow., “Grevillea,” vii. p. 103; Steven., “ Myco. Scot.,” p. 326. Mollisea ventosa—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” » 188. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 733; Phil. “ Elv. Brit.,” 178. On willow. Spring. Cup #2 to 1 line broad. Name—Ventosus, inconstant ; from its inconstant colour. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Near Shrewsbury! (c) Sporidia filiform. 6. Belonidium pullum. Phil. and Keith. Scattered, sessile, at first hemispherical, then ex- panded, nearly plane; externally brown; hymenium watery cinereous; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia fusiform, 4 to 6-guttulate, becoming 3-septate, 25— 30 x 3—5u; paraphyses linear, slender. Belomdium pullum—Phil. and Keith in “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 75. On Poa and Typha. Autumn. Cup 3 a line broad. The colour varies from pale F573 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. cinereous brown to chocolate-brown, and the disc pale watery cinereous or brownish; the margin is usually erect ; the sporidia in some of the specimens are narrowly fusiform, in others broader and more obtuse. It is very near Belonidiwm lacustre (Fries) and B. Scirpr (Rabh.), but is distinguished from both by the sporidia. Name—Pullus, blackish. ; Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). Near Shrewsbury! 7. Belonidium filisporum. (Cooke.) Cups scattered or subgregarious, soft, hemispherical, then flattened; externally horn-colour or tawny, brown when dry, connivent; hymenium pallid, dirty white, slightly concave ; asci cylindrical, clavate ; sporidia fili- form, straight or curved, triseptate, 35 X 3u; paraphyses filiform, simple. Peziza (Mollisea) filispora-—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” iii. . 66. ; On sheaths of grass. Allied to Peziza excelsior, Karst. (Cooke). Name—/ilum, a thread, omdpoc, seed; from the slender sporidia. Genus VI—HEtotium. Fries (in part). Disc always open, at first punctiform, then dilated, plane or convex, waxy, naked, sessile, or with a short stout stem; asci cylindrical or subclavate; sporidia §, elliptic, fusiform, clavate, oblong, or cylindrical. (Plate V. figs. 30, 31.) Name—jAoe, a nail. Distinguished from Hymenoscypha by the shorter and thicker or absent stem, and the dise being open from the first; from Belonidiwm by the simple or at most 2-septate sporidia; and from Chlorospleniwm by the colour. Mostly yellow or brown, rarely white; epiphytal. HELOTIUM., ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Stipitate or substipitate. (a) Sporidia elliptic. (a) On wood ° - species | (B) On herbaceous plants Ee y) On catkins... a a ee (b) Sporidia oblong-ellipue. (a) On wood va oe se god (c) Sporidia fusiform or clavate. (a) On wood : : aa » 12-14 (B) On herbaceous stems. ive ge. 13 NG (vy) On leaves and fern- fronds . P » lLi-2zZ (d) Sporidia linear. (a) On wood yi B. Sessile. (a) Sporidia oblong or oblong-elliptic. (a) On wood : 55 ey eed (b) Sporidia fusiform or oblong- fusiform. (a) On herbaceous stems or twigs » 26-28 (8) On cones ; - Ayden (c) Sporidia cylindrical. (a) On wood oe ti fee (d) Sporidia coe: » 31-35 KEY TO THE SPECIES. A. STIPITATE. Hymenium brown .. Se A ae diac Ue Hymenium yellow... oe ar oe as 2 Hymenium white sk oe Ar = ieee Hymenium dark green Agaricinum. Hymenium honey-coloured; stem cylindrical, slender melleum. Hymenium pale umber ; stem stout.. ‘ .» subsessile. Hymenium ferruginuous; ; externally ‘paler. . -. ferrugineum. 1.{Hymenium pale brick-red ; stem delicately villous sublateritium. Hymenium testaceous or ochery bey stem equal, paler .. salicellum. \Hymenium pale ‘yellowish- -brown : on Marchantia Marchantiz. Hymenium bright yellow; externally pallid flavum. Hymenium lemon-yellow ; externally the same colour ceitrinum. Hymenium pale ‘yellow: externally pallid: on dead leaves sulphuratum. Hymenium pale yellow: margin paler: on dead wood pallescens. Hymenium pale yellow; margin repand: on Spirea repandum. 9 Hymenium pale yellow; margin acute, repand : on j \ leaves tmmutabile. | Hymenium yellow, dark brown beneath ; stem stout jibuliforme. | Hymenium yellow; margin even, orbicular ; ; stem papilliform .. lenticulare. | Hymenium pallid-ochraceous; ‘stem nearly obsolete: on grass : wt ++ graminium. Hymenium pallid- ochraceous : on leaves epiphyllum. Hymenium egg-yellow ; margin paler, repand ilicis. 154 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Stem slender, very short : on catkins ee ee Stem obconic ; margin obtuse ; on roots os Stem obconic; 9 semitransparent and parca on 3 twigs ae . - °- 1 Stem obconic : on wood oe Stem extremely short, thick, at times obsolete : on | wood . ee (Stem extremely short; ‘cup hyaline : ‘on leaves B. SESSILE. Hymenium pale ih ae with shining” particles Hymenium bay- brown Hymenium yellow Hymenium white Hymenium egg-yellow; margin raised, paler 1 Hymenium yellow; margin crenulate Hymenium pale yellow: on cones alniellum. politum. pileatum. imberbe. fagineum. phyllophilum. ochraceum. badium. 1 2 claroflavum. punctiforme. conigenum. Hymenium lutescent: on Humulus .. Humuli. (Hymenium chalk-white, pruinose : on dead wood. . pruinosum, | Ltymenium white, not pruinose: on herbaceous stems herbarum. 2.4 Hymenium pallid, externally darker: on Cytisus.. scoparium. |Hymenium pallid; flesh watery consistence: on | mosses ; Yr - = $s phascoides A. STIPITATE OR SUBSTIPITATE. (a) Sporidia elluptic. (a) On wood. 1. Helotiwm ferrugineum. (Schum.) Substipitate, obconic ; hymenium concave, ferru- ginous-yellow; externally, as well as the tumid margin, pallid-yellow; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, subfusiform or clavate, 2-cuttulate, 10—13 x ee 5u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Helotvum ferrugineum—Berk., No. 962; Cooke, “ Hendble. p. 152. Peziza fer Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 134; Bull, “ Ann. On dead oak twigs, ete. Autumn. ” (Plate V. fig. 30.) N at. Hist...” No. 2161; Gill., “ Champ.” ‘6 Saell., ” (ae t. 300. Var. P disciformis—Hoff,, “Teon. An.,” t. 16, f. 1-5. Cups gregarious or scattered, about } to 4 a line broad ; at first concave, then plane, at length convex; flesh tinted brown; margin lighter in colour than the dise, HELOTIUM. 155 which is ferruginous; sporidia very variable in size and shape. Nearly allied to H. calyculus. Name—Verrugo, iron rust; from the colour. Houghton! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). ((3) On herbaceous stems and roots. 2. Helotvwm graminium (nov. sp.). Stipitate; cup plane or convex, glabrous, pallid- ochraceous; stem short, rather stout, often slightly attenuated in the centre, expanding into the base of the cup; asci subclavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, with one or two guttulae, 8—11 x 45u; paraphyses slenderly fili- form. On grass. Spring. Cups 4 to 1} of a line broad, about the same high ; margin obtuse. Name—Gramineus, of or belonging to grass; from its habitat. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). 3. Helotuwm politum (nov. sp.). Substipitate, plane or slightly concave, glabrous, white; margin even, obtuse; the short stem gradually enlarged from the base upwards into the cup; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, ends nearly pointed, 10O—13 X 4—5u. On roots of some small plant under the surface of the soil in a plantation. November. Cup. 4 to ? of a line broad, the short stem tapering downwards to a point. When moist, shining. Name—Politus, polished. Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury ! (vy) On catkins. 4. Helotium alviellum. (Nyl.). Cup shortly stipitate, plane, white or pallid-white; stem slender, short or very short; asci cylindraceo- 156 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or fusiform, 3-guttulate, 6—12 x 2—4u; paraphyses scarce. Pezrza alriella—Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 45; Karst., “Mon. Pez.” p. 140. Helotiwm alniellum—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 129. Helotiwm Grenseri—Auersw. in Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” ed. ii. No. 1122 a “Scott. Nat.,” vi. 124. Eixs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” ed. 11. No. 1122. On catkins of Alnus glutinosus. Cup 4 to 4a line broad, sessile or subsessile, pallid- white or yellowish. Name—Alnus, the generic name of the alder-tree. Forres, N.B.! (Dr. Keith). Scarborough! (Mr. Massee). (b) Sporidia oblong-elliptic. (a) On wood. 5. Helotiwm fibuliforme. (Bolt.) Cup stipitate, convex, yellow, fleshy, rather firm; dark brown beneath, as well as the short, thick, sub- villose stem; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia oblong or fusiform, 2-guttulate, 9—12 x 2—4. Helvella fibuliformis—Bolt., t. 176. Peziza fibuli- formis—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 155; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 207. Helotvwm fibuliforme—Berk., “Outl.,” p. 371; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2126; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 158. On sticks of elm in water; also on ash in like situations. Cup 14 to 3 lines broad, about 23 lines high. It consists of a little hard pileus, smooth, slippery, and of a yellow-ochre colour on the upper side. It is supported by a round stem, a line in length; of a solid and firm consistence ; and, together with the under side of the pileus, is of a dusky black (Bolt. /. ¢.). Name—/fbula, a button, forma, shape. Bell Bank, near Bingley (Bolton). Bettws-y-Coed! 6. Helotiwm flavum. (Klotzsch.) Gregarious, stipitate; cup at first subpyriform, then expanded; hymenium bright yellow; externally pallid; HELOTIUM. 15/ glabrous stem, rather short, tapering to the base; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, rarely sub- clavate, 20 x 4—5yu; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza flava-—Klotzsch in Kew Herb:! On decorticated wood. Cup about } to 3 a line broad. Name—SFlavus, yellow. 7. Helotium lenticulare. (Bull) Cup substipitate or sessile, fleshy, firm, convex, ad- pressed to the wood, luteus; stem papillzeform, often nigrescent; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong, oblong-elliptic, or clavate, 1O—15 x 3—45u. Helotium lenticulare—Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; “ Eng. Flo.,’ v. p. 203; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2147; Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 315; Gill. “Champ.,” p. 154. Peziza lenticularis—BullL, t. 300, f. a, c; “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1294, f. 1. P. auwrea—Sow., t. 150. A. nigripes—Schum., “Saell.,” p. 412; Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 544. On dead wood. Autumn. About 1 line broad, nearly sessile, glabrous, bright yellow, convex. The sporidia were derived from Sowerby’s original specimen in Herb. Berk. Name—Lenticularis, form of a little lens. 8. Helotium citrinum. (Hedw.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, plano-concave, lemon- yellow, waxy, firm, glabrous; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or oblong-elliptic, 2 to 3-guttulate, often pseudo-uniseptate, 7—15 x 3u; paraphyses filiform. Octospora citrvna—Hedw., “Mus. Frond.,” 1. p. 28. Helotium citrinum—Fries, “Summa Vee. Scan.,” p. 355 ; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,’ No. 2145; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 120. Pezzza citrina—Batsch, fic. 208; Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 663; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” li. p. 131; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 32; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 143; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 48; Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 315. Phialea citrina—Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 109. 158 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Exs.—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” No. 29; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” No. 80 and 458; Moug. and Nest., No. 784; Phil., “ Ely. Brit.,” No. 41; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 704; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 446, 650. On dead stumps and naked wood, Autumn. Cup from 3 to 1 line broad. Gregarious or crowded ; clear citrine-yellow. Name—Citrus, lemon; lemon-yellow. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Penicuick, near Edin- burgh ! Cawdor, N.B.! Leigh Woods, near Bristol (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). Forden, Montgomeryshire! (Rev. J. E. Vize). Downton, Salop! Wrekin, Salop! Trefrew, North Wales! Clungunford, Salop ! 9. Helotiwm pallescens. (Pers.) Cup shortly stipitate, concave or plane, waxy, pale yellow or whitish, inclining to pallid, glabrous; stem short, rather stout, or absent; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia elliptic or oblong, pseudo-uniseptate, 8—11 x 2 —4u ; paraphyses filiform, slender. Helotium pallescens—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,’ p. 855; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2146; Karst. “Myeco. Fenn.,” p. 114 (?); Gill, “Champ.,” p. 109. Peziza pal- lescens—Pers., “ Obs.,” p. 85; “Syn. Fung.,” p. 664; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 132; “ Eng. Fio.,” p. 203. Exs.—Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” 640. On dead stumps. Autumn. Cup about 4 to 1 line broad, nearly sessile, firm, waxy texture, margin paler than the disc, and regular. Name—Pallesco, to grow pale. Leigh Woods, near Bristol (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). North Wootton! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Forres, N.B. ! (Rev, Dr. Keith). Near Shrewsbury ! > 10. Helotiwm subsessile. Schum. Cups very shortly stipitate or sessile, plano-convex, pale umber, externally pallid; stem umber-brown at the base; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, sublanceolate, 2 to 3-nucleate. HELOTIUM. 159 Helotium subsessile—Schum., “ Saell.,” p. 415; Berk., “QOutl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,’ No. 2153. Peziza helotioides—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 135; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 573; “Flo. Dan.,” t, 1855, f. 3. On dead branches. October. Of a dull ochre rather than umber. The stem is very thick, obconical, and merely a prolongation of the pileus ; the hymenium convex (Berkeley). No specimen of this exists in Mr. Berkeley’s herbarium. Name—Swub, somewhat, sessilis, sitting ; nearly stem- less. King’s Cliffe (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). 11. Helotiwum fagineum. (Pers.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, plane or convex, whitish or yellowish, glabrous, waxy, firm; stem short, thick, or absent; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, or oblong-elliptic, 13 X 4u; paraphyses scarce. Helotium fagvneum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” 356; Berk., “Outl,’ p. 872; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2158; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 315. Peziza faginea— Pers., “ Tent. Disp. Meth.,” p. 84; “Myco. Eur.,” p. 296; A. and &., p. 834; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 1. p. 186; Scop., “Ann.,” iv. t..2,f. 3; Johns., “Flo. Ber.,” 11. p. 150; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 204; “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 963*. Exs.—F ckl., “ F. Rh.,” 1146. On beech-mast. Autumn. Cup about 4 to 1 line broad; gregarious or crowded. Name—Ffagus, beech; growing on beech. Near Bristol (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). Wrekin, Salop! Glamis (Rev. J. Fergusson). (a) Sporidia fusiform or clavate. (a) On wood. 12. Helotiuwm salicellum. Fries. Cup shortly stipitate, plane, adpressed, orbicular, firm, testaceous or ochery pallid; stem equal, paler; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, elongate-fusiform, 160 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. straight or slightly curved, 2 to 4-guttulate, or spuriously 1 to 3-septate, 25—30 xX 5—7u; paraphyses filiform, stout. Helotiwm salicellum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 356; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2151; Guill, “Champ.,” p. 157. Peziza salicella—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 133; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 573* ; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 34; “Mon. Pez,” p. 134; Nyl, “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 45. Exs.—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.” 1707; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 558. On branches of Saliz. August to October. Cup 4 tol line broad. The measurement of sporidia is from Drs. Nylander and Karsten. Name—Salia, a willow ; growing on a willow. Neatishead (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Nescliffe, Salop ! Shrewsbury ! 13. Helotium mellewm. B. and Br. Pallid honey-colour; stem short, cylindrical; cups plane, flexuose ; margin elevated, inflexed ; asci elongated, lanceolate ; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, curved on one side, multiguttulate, 30u. Helotuum mellewnm—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1487; “Grevillea,” iii. p. 122. On rotten wood. “ About a line broad; stem half as much high, Allied to H. luteolum” (B. and Br.). Name—WMelleus, like honey ; the colour of honey. New Pitsligo (Rev. J. Fergusson). 14. Helotiwm pileatum. Karst. Cup stipitate, slightly concave, becoming convex ; margin deflexed, frequently repando-lobate, whitish, livid, or pallid with a bluish tinge ; stem short, thickened upwards; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong- elliptic or oblong-fusiform, becoming pseudo-uniseptate, 25—35 X 5—T7u; paraphyses filiform, stoutish, granular within. a HELOTIUM. 161 Helotiwm pileatwm—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 130. On dead twigs, buried under the soil in very damp places. Autumn. Cups about 1 line broad, about the same in height; Scattered, glabrous, semitransparent, but firm, This has the largest sporidia of any British species I am acquainted with. Name—Pileatus, wearing a cap; from the capitate head. (3) On herbaceous stems. 15. Helotium sublateritium. B. and Br. Pallid, brick-red ; stem short, cylindrical, delicately whitish villose, becoming smooth; cups plane, veined beneath; margin elevated; asci linear; sporidia uni- seriate, shortly fusiform, biguttate, 25 x 5y. Helotium sublaterituum—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1488; “Grevillea,” iii. p. 122. On stems of herbaceous plants. Name—Swub, somewhat, later, a brick; somewhat brick-red. Glamis, N.B. 16. Helotiwm repandum (nov. sp.). Cup shortly stipitate, plane, repand, thin, pale yellow, margin sublobate; stem very short, attenuated at the base; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, sub. cylindrical or oblong-elliptic, 7—10 xX 2u; paraphyses filiform, slender. On Spirea ulmaria in damp places. Cup about } to 3 a line broad. Name—Repandus, bent backwards. Scotland ! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (y) On leaves and fronds. 17. Helotium sulphuratum. (Schum.) Cup stipitate or subsessile, at first orbicular, con- cave, then expanded, margin entire, between sulphur M 162 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. and lemon-colour; externally, as well as the tumid margin, pallid; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, straight or curved, 2 to 3-guttulate, 12—17 x 3—45y; paraphyses filiform, slender, sometimes branched. Peziza sulphwrata—Schum., “ Saell.,” p. 428; “ Flo. Dan.,” t. 1915, f. 2; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 72; Peziza thejocroa—Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” p. 296; “Scott. Nat.,” yi, 122. On the ground in pine woods; on fallen leaves of pine. Autumn. Cups } to 2 lines broad; gregarious, at first slightly floccose; the stem is short, not unfrequently absent. The sporidia are nearly pointed at the extremities. Name—Sulphuratus, dressed with brimstone; from its colour. Cawdor, N.B.! 18. Helotium immutabile. Fck. Epiphyllous, of a pale unchangeable yellow; the eups are scattered, and sessile or attenuated into a very short concolorus stem, plane, acutely margined, orbicular or slightly repand; asci clavate; sporidia 8, obliquely uni- seriate, oblong-ovate, straight, continuous, hyaline, 11—12 X 38—5n; paraphyses filiform. Helotwwm immutabile—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” nacht. 1, p. 50. Exs.—< F. Rh.,” No. 2388. On fallen leaves of Populus tremula. Cups 1 to 1°5 lines broad. Distinguished from H. epiphyllum not only by the constancy of the colour, but also the smaller and differently shaped asci and sporidia, Name—IJmmutabilis, unchangeable. Near Shrewsbury ! 19, Helotium phyllophilum. (Desm.) Cup plano-concave, becoming convex, glabrous, hyaline-white or yellowish white ; stem short, or nearly HELOTIUM. 163 absent; asci clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, straight, or curved, 11 x 2°54; paraphyses filiform. Peziza phyllophila—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.” Helotiwm phyllophilum—Karst., “ Symb.,” p. 239. Pezicula phyllo- phila—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 167. Helotiwm albo- punctum—Bucknall, “ Fung. Bristol,” No. 805. Phialea phyllophila—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 105. Exs.—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. 1159, On dead leaves of Acer, Fagus, etc. Autumn and winter. Cup about 14 lines broad; gregarious or scattered. Nearly obconical in outline at first, the cup at length expands, and the disc is slightly concave, and at length often convex. Name—¢trdr(ov, a leaf, piroc, loving; from its habitat. | Leigh Downs, Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). 20. Helotium epiphyllum. Fries. Cup subsessile, convexo-plane, marginate, pallid- ochraceous, smooth, firm; stem very short or absent; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or oblong- elliptic, straight or bent, 3 to 4-guttulate, 12—15 x 4u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Helotium eprphyllum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 356; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 155, ci. Peziza epriphylla—Pers., “Tent. Disp. Meth.,” p. 72; “Syn. Fung.,” p. 669; A. and S., p. 339; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 187; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 35; “Mon. Pez.’ p. 143; Nyl, “Pez, Fenn.,” p. 46; Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 316. Exs.—F ckl., No. 1145; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 722 ; Roumg., “ Fung, Gal.,” 1264. On dead leaves. Cup about 3 to 14 lines broad. Name—émi, upon, dvAdor, a leaf; from its habitat. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Cawdor, N.B. ! (Rev. J. Stevenson). Leigh Woods, near Bristol! (Mr. Cedric Bucknall), 164 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES, 21. Helotvwm alicis (nov. sp.). Sessile, plane or concave, glabrous, waxy, vitelline ; margin paler, obtuse, repand; asci clavate, pointed at the summit; sporidia fusiform, biguttulate, at length pseudo-uniseptate, 6—9 X 2°54; paraphyses filiform. Helotium epiphyllum, var. ilicina—Phil, “Ely. Brit.,” No. 134 On holly leaves. Cup 4 of a line broad. Name—lIlea, the holly ; from its habitat. Shrewsbury! Carlisle! (Dr. Carlyle). 22. Helotium Marchantic. Berk. Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, rather thick, plane, marginate, flexuose, pale yellowish brown; stem very short or absent, obconical; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 12—15 x 3—5n; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Helotium Marchantie—Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372 ; Cooke, “Handbk.,” 2160; Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 356; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 123. Peziza Marchantie— Berk., “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 204. On fading Marchantia hemispherica. May. Cup about 3 to ? of a line broad, “smooth, head quite confluent with the thick stem, so as to be irregularly and obtusely obconic; flesh white; hymenium thin” (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Name—Marchantia, a genus of Hepatice ; from its habitat. Whittlesea Mere (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). (d) Sporidia linear. (a) On wood. 23. Helotewm vmberbe. (Bull.) Cup turbinate, becoming plano-concave, subflexuous, fleshy or waxy, smooth, white; stem short or nearly obsolete ; asci (?); sporidia 8, linear, slightly curved, 10u long. HELOTIUM. 165 Peziza imberbis—Bull., “Champ.,” t. 467, f. 2; Fries, evs. Myco,) ii. p. 186; D. C,.° Flo, Fr.” ix. p.. 81 ; Cooke, “Handbk.,’ No. 2094. Peziza nivea—Batsch, “El,” p. 117, f 59. Helotewm vmberbe—Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 18; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 162. Exs.—F ckl., No. 1148. On willow. Name—IJmberbis, without a beard; without hairs. Mossburnford. B. SESSILE. (a) Sporidia oblong or oblong-elliptre. (a) On wood. 24, Helotawm claro-flavum. (Grev.) Cup very shortly stipitate or sessile, plane, clear yellow, glabrous ; margin raised, obtuse, sublobate ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 7—10 X 2—3u; paraphyses filiform, slender. (Plate V. fig. 31.) ‘ Pezza claro-flava—Grev., “Flo. Edin.,” p. 424; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 203. Helotwwm claro-flavum (Grev)— Berk., “ Outl,” p. 372; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2150. On decayed wood and branches. Autumn. Cups very minute, the largest not } a line~ broad, always concave; whole plant very bright yellow; hyme- nium darker (Grev.). I find the cups more frequently lane. : : Name—Clarus, clear, flavus, light yellow. Braid Hermitage, near Edinburgh (Dr. Greville). Wrekin, Salop ! 25. Helotueum pruinosum. Jerd. Cup sessile, plane, thick, firm, marginate or im- marginate, chalky white, pruinose; asci cylindraceo- clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 3 to 4-cuttulate, becoming 2-septate, 20—22 x 4u; paraphyses filiform, slender. 166 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Helotium pruinosum—Jerd., B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1174, t. 5, f 33; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2154. Exs.—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.” No. 575; ed. ii. 390; Phil, “Elv. Brit.” No. 89; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 1514; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 2771. On Hypoxylon fuscum and Diatrype stigma ; on dead wood. Autumn. . Cup about 4a line broad. The hymenium is often bluish, and nearly always chalky. Name—Pruina, hoar-frost ; from the hoary dise. Derbyshire (Mr. J. Renny). Leigh Woods, near Bristol (Mr. C. Bucknall). Near Shrewsbury! Llany- blodwell, Oswestry ! (b) Sporidia fusiform or oblong-fusiform. (a) On herbaceous stems or twigs. 26. Helotium herbarum. (Pers.) Cup very shortly stipitate or sessile, plane or convex, firm, white; stem extremely short or absent; asci cylin- draceo-clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform or oblong-fusiform, 2 to 3-guttulate, becoming pseudo-uniseptate, 12— 15 X 2--4u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Helottum herbarwm (Pers.)—Fries, “Summa Veg. Sean.,” p. 356; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 872; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2156; Fekl.,“Symb. Myco.,” p. 316; Gill., “Champ.,” p: 162, ci Pezvza herbarun—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 1386; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 204; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 34; “Mon, Pez,” 146; Nyl, “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 45. Eixs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. 608; ed. ii. 568; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 227; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 81; FKekl, “F. Rh,” 1147; Phil, “Hlv. Beale Cooke, “Fung. Brit.” ser. ii. 391; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 451. On dead herbaceous stems in moist woods. Autumn. Name—Herba, an herb; on herbs. Forres (Rev. Dr. Keith). Rose Hill, near Shrewsbury ! Wrekin, Salop ! MELOTIUM. 167 27. Helotium Humuli. (Lasch.) Cup very shortly stipitate or sessile, convex, becoming slightly concave, lutescent, firm; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, slender, 2 to 3-guttulate, becoming uniseptate, straight or slightly curved, 16—20 X 4u. Peziza Humuli—Lasch. in Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. 1, 221, and ed. i. 630. Helotawm Humuli—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 112. Peziza Humilis—Desm., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1847, notice 84. Exs.—Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 1859. On dead stems of Humulus Lwpulus. Cup 1 line broad, scattered, mostly sessile, thick, waxy, glabrous, at first globose, then the disc becomes slightly depressed, almost marginate. The colour is at first white; it then changes to pale yellow or pale brown. Name—Humudlus, the hop; on hops. Llanymynach ! 28. Helotuwm badiwm (nov. sp.). Gregarious, erumpent, sessile, at first turbinate and slightly concave, at length plane ; hymenium bay-brown, margin distinct and somewhat lighter; externally the same colour, glabrous; asci broadly clavate, rather abruptly narrowed at the base; sporidia 8, oblong- fusiform or subclavate, 3 to 5-guttulate, 20 x 5u; para- physes filiform, slender. On dead twigs (willow 2) Cup 3 to 1 line broad; margin entire and even. It has a general likeness to H. jerrugineum, but differs altogether in the fruit. Botanic Garden, Oxford ! 1822 (Mr. Baxter). (3) On cones. 29. Helotium conigenum. (Pers.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, plane, at length convex, pale yellow or pallid, glabrous; stem thick, 168 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. short, at length obliterated; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 6 X 2u. Helotium conigenum (Pers.)—Berk., “ Outl,” p. 372 ; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2135; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 126; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 316; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 159. Peziza conigena—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 634; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 189; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 205 ; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 49; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 36 ; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 152. On cones of Scotch fir in damp spots. Autumn. Cup } to 4 a line broad; gregarious; stem often reduced to a mere point. Nylander and Karsten give the size of sporidia as 7-—8 X 3°5u. Name—Conus, a ccne, gignere, to bear ; on cones. Near Shrewsbury! Buttington, Montgomeryshire! (c) Sporidia cylindrical. (a) On wood. 30. Helotiwm scoparium. Cooke. Cup sessile, convex, becoming greyish in drying, dise rather paler; asci clavate; sporidia 8, cylindrical, obtuse, straight or curved, biguttulate, at length pseudo- septate, 20—25 x 5u; paraphyses filiform, granular. Helotiwm scopariwm—Cooke, “ Grevillea,’ iv. p. 112. On dead twigs of broom. Cup 4 a line broad; scattered or subgregarious ; asci 100u long, 29u broad. Name—Scoparius, brown ; on broom. Dupplin Castle, Perth (Dr. M. C. Cooke). (d) Sporidia doubtful. 31. Helotium punctiforme. (Grev.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, punctiform, globose, becoming expanded, at length convex, fleshy, glabrous, yellow ; margin crenulate. Peziza punctiformis—Grev., “Se. Crypt. Flo.” t. 63. Helotium punctatum—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” HELOTIUM. 169 p. 356; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2159. On dead oak leaves. Name—Punctum, a point, forma, shape; from the shape. Edinburgh (Dr. Greville). 32. Helotiwm phascoides. Fries. Of a waxy or watery consistence, minute, pallid, with a brick-red tinge; head turbinate, plane; stem short, sub-equal. Peziza phascoides—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 138; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 204. Heloteum phascoides— Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” 355; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2136. On small mosses. “Mr. Wilson’s specimens are subgregarious and perhaps a less red tinge, as far as may be judged from the dry plant, but there is no doubt that they are what Fries intends” (Berk. in “Eng. Flo.,” l. ¢.). I have not seen this; it is not in Mr. Berkeley’s herbarium. Name—Phascum, the genus of mosses on which it grows. 33. Heloteum ochraceum. (Grev.) Cup shortly stipitate or sessile, smooth, yellowish- brown, fleshy; disc paler, concave, plane, or convex, sprinkled with granular shining particles; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia 8. Helotiwum ochraceum—Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 372; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2148. Peziza ochracea—Grev., t. 5; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 204 On the bark of a fallen tree. Autumn. Plants minute, gregarious, of an ochery brown colour, globular and concave in the young state, and gradually becoming plane or even somewhat convex ; substance thick and fleshy, not shrinking much in drying; margin depressed, rounded, entire, somewhat showing a tendency 170 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. _ to become lobed; barren or inferior surface smooth, rather rugose or puckered towards the root; hymenium or upper surface appearing as if sprinkled with minute shining particles, not unlike small grains of brown sugar ; tubular cells containing the sporules, filiform, mixed with barren filaments ; sporules 5 to 8 (Grev., l. ¢.). Name—Ochraceus, colour of yellow ochre. Braid Hermitage, near Edinburgh (Dr. Greville) Shrewsbury (Rev. W. A. Leighton). 32. Helotium agariconwmn. Berk. Firm, dark green, convex, rather uneven; margin revolute; stem rather thick, obconic; asci long, flexuous, obtuse. Pexiza agariwcina—Carm., MSS., “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 207; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2127. On decayed wood. Plant 14 to 2 lines broad, very much resembling at first sight Helotium virens (Pers. in litt.), but on closer inspection quite different (“ Eng. Flo.”). 33. Helotiwm buccina. Fries. Rather large, infundibuliform, dull yellow; stem thickened, striate, somewhat incurved. Peziza buccona—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 129; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 202. Helotewm buccina—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.” 355; Berk. “Outl,” p. 372; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2141. On wood and pine branches. Rare. Carmichael’s original specimen (129, Kew. Herb.) is + of an inch broad, 4 high, and decidedly gelatinoso- cartilaginous. It is, to me,a Guepinia, there being no asci present. Carmichael considered it a 7’remella. 34. Helotiwm sclerotioides. Berk. Convex, umbilicate, clear red-brown, concave beneath, and confluent with the short obconic stem ; asci slender; sporidia (?), Peziza sclerotioides—Berk. in “Eng. Fung.,” v. p. MOLLISIA. 171 208. Helotiwm sclerotioides—Berk., “ Outl.,” 371; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2128. On decayed wood. At first sight resembling Sclerotiwm quercigenum ; about 1 line broad (M. J. Berkeley). The only specimen under this name I have seen is in the Kew Herbarium, and it has no fruit. Appin (Carmichael). Near Bristol (Mr. A. Leipner). Genus VIIL—Mo.uuisiA._ Fries. Minute, sessile, urceolate, cupulate or plane; sub- stance soft, rarely waxy; exterior glabrous or furfura- ceous, even or plicate ; sporidia 8, minute, globose, elliptic, fusiform or filiform, hyaline, simple or l-septate. (Plate VI. figs. 32-36.) Growing on vegetable substances. For the most part darker in colour and softer than Helotium ; the minute pore by which the cup opens visible from the first. Never hairy or even tomentose. Name—WMollis, soft. ARRANGEMENT OF SUBGENERA. I. Niptera ve - re ~ oe -- I-11 Il. Pyrenopeziza eit ae “ ee e- 12-32 qT. Dihdtelia” —: : ‘- re ae “ns .. 33-37 IV. Mollisiella .. “A a at aie .. 38-46 V. Hysteropeziza oe te oe Sarre VI. Pseudopeziza we A as Sr .. 48-51 VII. Peristomealis as “e 5: ae sive Oe Kry TQ) THE SUBGENERA. Margin furnished with a peristome .. ue -- Peristomealis. Margin not furnished with a peristome _.... 1 Emerging when moist through a narrow black slit .. Hysteropeziza, 1. {Emerging when: moist through the epidermis by a a lacerated aperture (r esembling Phacidium) .. Pseudopeziza. \Seated on the epidermis me ae os wn ote Texture rather firm; cups plane. .. Niptera. 2. < Texture soft ; cups elobose (mostly black). . Pyrenopeziza. Texture soft, seareely coloured, at length expanded 3 Glabrous : ae ate .. Dilutella, * \Minutely granulated: . ea ee ee .. Mollisiella. We BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. SUBGENUS I—NipterA. Fckl. (in part). Cup sessile, concave or plane, soft or waxy, glabrous or granulose ; sporidia ovate or fusiform, simple, some- times l-septate. (Plate VI. fig. 32.) Name—Jiptrum, a basin; from the shape. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia ovate, apiculate . e .. speciés 1 B. Sporidia oblong-elliptic ais s a c. Sporidia fusiform or oblong- fusiform .. = (a) On wood aS oe ve a » =o (6) On fir-cones .. as oe ni sh (c) On herbaceous stems _ ole oe » 7-10 (d) On culms of Arundo s oe 6 Key TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium yellow .. te sa ae Tees | Hymenium grey oe oe oe ee of 2m Hymenium pallid... oe oe oe yokes Externally ochery-yellow .. es ee .. Teter, { mxtomall umber-brown .. ee 2° .. discolor. Externally watery cinereous . - oe .. benesueda. Externally greenish-brown .. aquosa, Externally cinereous or livid ; margin paler than 2.4 disc .. oe .. cinerea.” Externally rufous; mar gin fimbriate a .. urticicola. |Raternally brownish-black .. ee ee o. fallaz. (Externally black ans oe oe oe bigs Co Exterior pallid: on Arundo .. Re oe -. arundinacea. | sixtericn pallid: on Peltigera canina oe -. epithallina. 4 Margin fimbriate oe ee ee ee ». cyanites. ; {Marcin entire ee ee ee ee ee atro-cinerea. A. SPORIDIA OVATE, APICULATE. 1. Mollasia aquosa. (B. and Br.) Cup at first closed, then expanded, plane, or slightly concave, greenish- -brown, smooth; hymenium watery od sporidia biseriate, ovate, apiculate, 5—6 X 25— ee (Mollisia)} aquosa—B. and Br, in “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1826, t. xx. f. 19; “Grevillea,” i. p. 1380. On or with Spheeria hireuta, on willow. January. Resembling P. cinerea, but smoother and more con- MOLLISIA. 173 cave when young, with totally different spores. Cup ‘024 inch diameter, growing on Spheria hirsuta, and its mycelium, accompanied by a brown mould, consisting of erect, simple, articulated threads, surmounted by a single oblong uniseptate spore, 0005 inch (12m) long; asci ‘002 inch (50); sporidia 0002 to 00025 inch (5 to 6p) long, ‘0001 to ‘00015 inch (2°5 to 3:5) wide; bright orange when treated with iodine (B. and Br.). Name—4A qua, water ; watery. B. SPORIDIA OBLONG-ELLIPTIC. 2. Mollisia eprithallina. Phil. and Plow. Congregated, sessile, disciform, immarginate, pallid- white; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong- elliptic, 8 X 2u; paraphyses slender, slightly thickened upwards. : Pezriza (Mollisia) epithallina—Phil. and Plow. in “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 24. On thallus of Peltigera canina. Name—éri, upon, SadXoc, a branch or thallus of a lichen ; from its habitat. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). C, SPORIDIA FUSIFORM OR OBLONG-FUSIFORM. (d) On wood. 3. Mollisia cinerea. (Batsch.) Cups gregarious or scattered, at first urceolate, at length applanate, cinereous or nearly livid; margin entire, whitish, not unfrequently repand or flexuose; hymenium when dry cinereous, yellowish, or becoming blackish ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or subfusiform, straight or curved, 5—12 X 1—2u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza cinerea—Batsch, p. 196, f. 1387; Pers., “ Obs.,” i. p. 80; “ Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 302; Wahl., “Flo. Suec.,” ii. 174 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. p- 1030; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 142; Sow., t. 64; With., v. p. 312; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 205; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 37; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 158; Nyl., “Fung. Fenn.,” p- 60; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2100. Peziza callosa— Bull, t. 416, f. 1; “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1490, £ 2. Penza salicaria—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 308. Trochila salicaria—De Not., “Dise.,” p. 15. Mollisia evmerea— Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 189; Guill., “Champ.,” p. 134. Niptera cinerea—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 292. Exs.—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. No. 1421, ed. i. No. 921; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” No. 735; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,’ No. 390, ed. ii. 382; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 125; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” No. 2116 and 1643; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 831. On decaying wood. Autumn to spring. Cup 4 to 2 line broad. “ Often crowded, equal or lobed, and waved at the margin; hymenium pale or ~ grey, watery, paler towards the circumference; substance soft and sometimes almost gelatinous” (Grev.). This should be compared with Lachnella Schumacher. Name—Cinis, ashes ; ash-colour, Found everywhere. 4, Mollisia benesuada. (Tul.) Gregarious or fasciculate erumpent, sessile, at first subhemispherical, then expanded, becoming convex, difformed, waxy; externally glabrous, watery cinereous ; hymenium pallid or brownish; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia fusiform or oblong-fusiform, hyaline, 10 X 2°5. Peziza benesuada—Tul., “Ann. Se. Nat.,’ 1853, 154,34, Exs.—Phil., “Elv. Brit.” No. 175; Rehm, “ Asgo.,” 756; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. 11, 653. On dead branches of alder. Cups about $a line broad. These burst out through the bark in little heaps, much crowded and difformed. The supposed spermatia are rarely to be met with. This is very near M. cinerea and M. fallax. Name—Bene, well, suadeo, to persuade; from afford- MOLLISIA. bia ing evidence of the author’s views on the question of reproductive bodies. Near Ludlow, Salop! Neatishead (Dr. M. C. Cooke), 5. Mollisia discolor. (Mont.) Gregarious, suberumpent, sessile, waxy, plano-patel- late, externally umber-brown; hymenium wax-yellow ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, hyaline, 4-guttulate, 8X Qu. Patellaria discolor—Mont., “Syll,” p. 190; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 373; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2169. On dead wood; on branches of Cornus sanguinea (Mont.). Cup } to4 aline; crowded or scattered ; when young subhemispherical, at length expanded; disc bluish or cinereous, or brownish ; the pseudo-parenchyma consists of brown subglobose cells. Name—J%scolor, of various colours, Var. Riccia (Sacc.). Niptera Raccva—Sace., “Myco. Ven. Sp.,” p. 162, t. xvi. f. 3-6. Exs.—Sacc., “ Fung. Ven.,” iv. 33. Differing in its mode of growth, having lobed margin. Gopsall! (Bloxam). Sutton Coldfield! (W. B. Grove). (b) On fir-cones. 6. Mollisia fallax. (Desm.) Cups scattered or crowded, at first hemispherical, at length applanate, brownish-black; margin entire, sub- involute, paler; hymenium cinereous or discoloured brown ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or fusiform, straight, at length uniseptate, 10 X 2u; para- physes scarce. Pezxrza fallae—Desm. (non Pers., “Myco. Eur.”), “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1845, p. 367. Mollisia fallax—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 119. Exs.—-Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. No. 1420, ed. ii. No. 920; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 1253. 176 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES, On cones of Pinus sylvestris. Cup + to$aline broad. This differs from P. cinerea (Batsch) in the browner shade, and always occurring on cones. Name—Fallax, deceitful; from its resemblance to others. Generally distributed. (e) On herbaceous stems. ’ 7. Mollisia cyanites (nov. sp.). Cooke and Phil. Gregarious, minute, sessile, concave, then plane, black; margin fimbriate; hymenium bluish grey; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, cylindraceo-fusiform, elongated, 5 to 7-guttulate, 25 X 3u; paraphyses filiform, slender. On herbaceous stems. Cup 4 to } of a line broad. Name—xiavoe, dark blue. Scotland (?); Klotzsch in Kew Herbarium. ! 8. Mollisia atro-crnerea. (Cooke.) Gregarious or scattered, sessile, slightly concave or plane; externally black, glabrous; hymenium cinereous ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform or cylindrical, straight or curved, 5—7 X 1u; paraphyses not seen. Peziza atro-cinerea—Cooke in Exs. “ Fung. Brit.,” No. 382. On herbaceous stems (?). Cups } to J of a line broad. Name—Ater, black, cinis, ashes; from the black exterior and the ashy disc. 9, Mollisia Teucrit. (Fckl.) Gregarious, sessile, watery transparent, very pale yellowish-white, somewhat ochery-yellow, at first nearly closed, excavated, becoming plane, orbicular, marginate, outside the margin scarcely pubescent; hymenium same colour, when dry becoming yellow; asci cylindrical, globose-stipitate ; sporidia 8, cylindrical or fusiform, 8 X lw; paraphyses filiform. MOLLISIA. 177 Niptera Teucrti—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” supp. 1 p. 47. Exes —Fekl, “BF. Rh,” 2378- Phil., “Elv. Brit.,” No. 181. On dead stems of Teucriwm scorodonia, in damp places. Cups 500u broad, often crowded, when dry nearly black ; asci with a subglobose base. Name—Teucrium, a genus of Labvacee. Trefrew, North Wales! 10. Mollisia urticicola. Phil. Gregarious, sessile, subhemispherical, becoming nearly plane, externally glabrous, pale rufous-brown ; margin fimbriate ; hymenium from pale cinereous to pale brown; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform or cylin- drical, 7 X lu; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza urticicola—Phil. “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 177. On dead stems of Urtica, lying in a damp place occasionally inundated. Cups about 500u broad. Name—Urtica, the nettle, colo, to inhabit. Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury ! (d) On culms of Arundo. 11. Mollisia arundinacea, (D. C.) Gregarious, erumpent, sessile, plane, orbicular, thin, waxy; hymenium pallid, becoming fuliginous; margin narrow, darker; asci cylindraceo-clavate: sporidia narrowly fusiform, 10—15 x 2u. Ayloma arundinaceum—D. C., “Flo. Fr.,” vi. p. 162 ; Eustegia arundinacea—Fries, “Sys. Myco.” ; “Hlench.,” p. 112; “Grevillea,” iv. p. 67. Stegia arundinacea—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” supp. i. p. 328. Eixs.— Moug. and Nest, No. 983; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 11, No. 380. On culms of Arwndo Phragmites. About 4 of a line broad; usually seated on a blackish N 178 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. or brownish space. When old the hymenium separates from the excipulum in the manner of an operculum, which led the illustrious Fries to place it in his genus Hustegia. Name—Arundinaceus, belonging to a reed. Shrewsbury ! SUBGENUS II.—PyRENoPEzIzA. Fckl. (in part). Cup erumpent or superficial, globose, then expanded’ opening at first by a minute pore; glabrous or fur- furaceous, often vertically plicate, black, cinereous, or dark brown (except elaphines) ; sporidia elliptic, fusiform or filiform, simple, rarely uniseptate, hyaline. (Plate VI. fig. 33.) Name—zipjhyv, a kernel, and peziza ; from the globose form. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Cups superficial. (a) Sporidia elliptic or oblong .. species 12 (b) Sporidia subfusiform a ni » , Lois (c) Sporidia filiform re an ae » 20-21 B. Cups erumpent. (a) Sporidia elliptic or oblong .. » 22-24 (b) Sporidia fusiform or elougate- fusiform 9 «25-27 (c) Sporidia cylindrical or acicular .. » 28-32 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium fuscous-black: on wood. . = .» fecunda. Hymenium fuliginous : on bt ‘. 26. Mollisia spherioides. (Desm.) Scattered, erumpent, at first globose, blackish, rugose, then expanded ; margin erect ; hymenium concave, watery cinereous, becoming black on drying; asci cylindraceo- fusiform; sporidia 8, slenderly fusiform, straight or curved, 1O—15 xX 1—l‘5u. Peziza spherioides—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” No. 174; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,’ No. 577; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2105. Mollisia spheriovdes—Gill., “Champ.,’ p. 129. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.” No. 174; Cooke, “ Fung Brit, No. 577 ; Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” No. 34. 188 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. On dead stems of Lychnis dioica. Autumn. Minute, scattered, generally seated on a cinereous stain on the stem. The Peziza spherioides (Roth., “Ust. Ann.,” i. p. 2, t. 1. f. 6) is Tympanis conspersa probably. Persoon cites this, and his is probably the same. The specimens published by Desmazieres are the earliest authority for the present species, which Fries thinks may be his Kacipula levigata. Nees, fig. 281, cannot belong to this, but perhaps to Tympanis. The present species is a close ally of Peziza atrata (M. C. C. in litt.). Name—soaipa, sphere, .» effugiens. r Exterior dirty white .. ae ee oe .. ilicincola. Exterior rufous-brown : . lurida. Anaee pale yellow ; hymenium pinkish-yellow .. straminum. Exterior honey-coloured ; hymenium greenish- -yellow Mali. A. SPORIDIA GLOBOSE OR SUBGLOBOSE. 38. Mollisia alicencola. (B. and Br.) Crowded or scattered, hemispherical, then expanded ; externally dirty white, furfuraceous ; hymenium concave, pale brown or purple, or rosy cinereous; margin erect or incurved ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, globose, with a large globose gutta, 5u; asci filiform, enlarged towards the summit. Peziza ilicincola—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 958, t. 16, f. 17; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2064. On holly branches, more especially on the surface of the lichen Myriangiwm, which grows on holly. Winter. Name—lIlex, holly, colo, to inhabit. O 194 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Chiselhurst! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Forres, N. B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 39. Mollisia hydnicola. (B. and Br.) Cups orbicular, then irregular, plane, dark green; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, subglobose, uniseriate ; 10 X 754; paraphyses filiform, branched. Peziza hydnicola—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1327, tx: £205 Grevilléa, 1 1SiS On Hydnum ochraceum. Conidia were observed in this species, 2°5 X 3°5y. Name—Hydnum, a genus of fungi, colo, to inhabit. B. SPORIDIA SUB-ELLIPTIC. 40. Mollisia Bullit. (Wor. Smith.) Cups hemispherical, at length irregular, sessile or very shortly stipitate, whitish ; margin inflexed, rather pulverulent from the remains of the veil; hymenium often proliferous ; mycelium brownish ; asci subclavate ; sporidia sub-elliptic, minute, 5—76u long. (Plate VI. fig. 35. ‘ ees Bullii—W.G. Smith, Gard. Chron. (1873), with figure; B. and Br.,“ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1824, t. 19, f.17; “ Grevillea,” i. p. 120, t. viii. f 3, vol. 11. p. 162. On wooden cistern, December (W. G. Smith). Name—After Dr. H. G. Bull. C. SPORIDIA OBLONG-OBTUSE. 41. Mollisia Mala. (Rehm.) Gregarious, small, at first globose, then urceolate, finally more or less expanded, pale honey-colour, pruinose ; margin when dry involute, paler, scabrous; hymenium ereenish yellow; asci clavate; sporidia oblong, obtuse, hyaline, 9 X 34; paraphyses filiform. Pezizella Mali—Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 460. Peziza (Mollisia) Mala—Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” xiii. p. 74. On dead holly bark. MOLLISIA. 195 Name—Malus, the specific name of Pyrus malus, the crab. Near Shrewsbury ! D. SPORIDIA OBLONG-FUSIFORM OR FUSIFORM. 42, Mollisia versicolor. (Desm.) Very minute, sessile, white-hyaline, fragile, glabrous, at first globose, then turbinato-concave, slightly furfu- raceous externally ; margin subdenticulate; asci clavate sporidia 8, oblong-fusiform, biseriate, 1O—15 X 5u. Peziza versicolor—Desm., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1853, vol. xx. p. 2380; Steven., “Myco. Scot.,” p. 825; “ Grevillea,” vill. p. 102. Phialea versicolor—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 106. On fronds of dead Pteris aquilina. June. Cups rarely exceed ‘5 mm. in width; their consist- ence is very soft; colour pure milk-white, but the least bruising, or the prick of a pin, causes them to turn yellow (Desm.). I have not observed this in British specimens. Name— Versicolor, changing colour. Forres, N. B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 43. Mollisia jpinetr. (Batsch.) Gregarious or scattered, sessile, nearly plane; margin inflexed, obtuse, when dry contracted to a globose form, firm, growing greyish brown, when young whitish granulate or furfuraceous; hymenium pallid or greyish white ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong-fusi- form or elongate-fusiform, 2-guttulate, 8—l:4 x 3u; paraphyses filiform, stout. Pezrza pineti—Batsch, “El.,” p. 201, f. 140; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 101; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 197; Karst., “Pez, et Ascob.,” p. 20; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 189; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 52; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2050. Pseudo- helotium pineti—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 298. Lachnea pineti—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 83. Helotiwm pineti—Pat., p- 213, f 493. Exs.—Fckl., “F. Rh.,” 1167; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 561. 196 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. On dead leaves of Pinus sylvestris. Name—Pinus, the pine; from the habitat. Don, near Aberdeen ! 44, Mollisia effugiens. (Rob.) Erumpent, very minute, sessile, glabrous, ivory- hyaline, at first globose, then concave; externally a little pulverulent ; margin white, minutely denticulate; asci clavate; sporidia fusiform, 5—7 x lu; paraphyses fili- form. Peziza (Phialea) effugiens—Rob. in Desm., “ Ann, Se. Nat.,” 1853, p. 19. Exs.—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ser. 11. No. 16. On dried stems of plants. In the spring. The cups are about 500 broad, scarcely distinguish- able except when moist. They form groups either scattered or crowded, breaking through the epidermis. The asci are 40u long. Name—From effugio, to speedily pass away. Almond Park, near Shrewsbury ! 45. Mollisia straminum, (B. and Br.) Crowded or scattered, sessile, hemispherical, then ex- panded, pale yellow, beset with refractive granules ;. hymenium pinkish yellow or flesh-colour; margin in- curved; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, straight or curved, 3 to 4-guttulate, 7—10 x 15m; para- physes extremely slender. Pexiza straminum—B., and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 571; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2062. On dead sheaths of wheat and grasses. “Minute, not exceeding 4 a line diameter; cups hemispherical, concave, sessile, or at length expanded ; margin incurved; externally densely farinaceous, pale ; internally of a pinkish-yellow or flesh-colour” (B. and Br.). | Name—Stramin, straw ; growing on straw. Fotheringhay, King’s Cliffe; Rudloe, Wiltshire; on Juncas, Oxton, Nottinghamshire! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). MOLLISIA. 1y7 E. SPORIDIA LINEAR. 46. Mollisia lwrida. (Pers.) Crowded or scattered, turbinate, then expanded, rufous-brown, whitish towards the margin, fibroso-striate ; hymenium concave, pale rufous; margin erect; asci clavate; sporidia 8, narrowly linear, curved, multi- guttulate, 20—25 X lu; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza lurida—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 666. On dead leaves of Pinus sylvestris. Our plant agrees perfectly with a specimen in herb. Fries, and is abundantly distinct from Peziza pineti (Batsch). Name—Luridus, lurid; a dirty brown colour. Mossburnford ! (Mr. Jerdon in Kew Herbarium). SuBGENUS V.—HYSTEROPEZIZA. Rabh. Cups scattered, immersed; when moist erumpent, compressed, blackish. Name—From Hystervwm and Peziza, two genera of fungi. One British species. 47. Mollisia erumpens. (Grev.) Scattered, minute, concave, waxy, soft, glabrous, erumpent, sessile, cinereous, when dry concealed beneath the bark; asci clavate, slender; sporidia 8, cylindrical, rounded at the ends, sometimes slightly bent, 7 x 1‘5y; paraphyses filiform. Peziza erumpens—Grev., “Crypt. Flo.,” t. 99; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 206; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 371; Gonn. and Rabh., ii. t. 5, f. 6; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2111. Mollisia erumpens—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 123. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. ii. No. 1845; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 566, ed. ii. 384; Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” 35; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 1811; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 354. On dead petioles of sycamore. Autumn. Resembling to the naked eye an Hysteriwm when 198 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. dry; in moist weather distending the small slit in the bark of the petiole till it attains its round form, when the margin projects over the edge of the fissure. Wherever decaying sycamore-leaves are found. Name—Zrumpo, to burst out; from its erumpent habit. SUBGENUS VI.—PSEUDO-PEZIZA. ‘Fekl. Cups immersed, erumpent when moist, orbicular, glabrous, soft, plane or slightly concave; margin darker, sometimes bordered by the lacerated epidermis of the host-plant ; sporidia subglobose, elliptic, oblong or pyri- form. (Plate VI: fig. 36.) Name—vevddc, false, and peziza; deceptive peziza, resembling Phacidiwm ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. a. Sporidia subglobose. (a) On herbaceous stems ee -- species 48 B. Sporidia elliptic or oblong. . (a) On leaves or herbaceous stems .. » 49,30 Od o. Sporidia pyriform. 7 (a) On leaves... ss a os jx re © Key TO THE SPECIES. s Hymenium greyish-white : on Euphorbia .. .. Euphorbia. Tea Hymenium smoky-yellow: on Trifolium .. -- Trifolii. Hymenium pallid-testaceous: on Cerastium .. Cerastiorum. Hymenium ochraceous : on Ranuneulus .. .. Ranuncult A, SPORIDIA SUBGLOBOSE. (a) On herbaceous stems. 48, Mollisia Ewphorbic. (B. and Br.) ~ Minute, erumpent, sessile, brownish-black ; hymenium concave, white or greyish-white; margin prominent, in- curved; asci broadly clavate, narrowing abruptly at the base; sporidia 8, globose-elliptic, 8u long, and nearly as broad; paraphyses filiform, stout, clavate summits, filled with granular protoplasm. Peziza Euphorbie—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1829; “Grevillea,” viii. p. 8. MOLLISIA, 199 On stems of Luphorbia amygdaloides. Cups 400 broad. Name—Luphorbia, a genus of Huphorbiaceew, the spurges. Batheaston ! (Mr. C. E. Broome). B. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC OR OBLONG, (a) On leaves or herbaceous stems. 49, Mollisia Trvfolir. (Bernh.) Gregarious, epiphyllous or rarely hypophyllous, minute, “orbicular, at first covered, then erumpent ; margin thin, lacerated ; hymenium plane or convex, smoky yellow ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong- elliptic, 2-guttulate, 10—15 x 5—7y; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Ascobolus Trifolii—Bernh., “ Manip.,” iv. p. 27, t. 6, f, 5; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 165; Berk., “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 209; “Outl.,” p. 374; Cooke, “Jour. Bot.” 1864, Phacidium Trifolaa—Boud., “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1869, p. 69; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2270; Sace., “ Mich.,” No. vii. p. 381. Peziza Trifolcorwm—Libert, “Crypt. Ard.,” ex," WN 0, 324, Pseudo-peziza Trifolii—Fckl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 290. Favreu congener (Ces.)—Sace., “ Mich.,” ii, p. 331. Mollisia Trifoliorum—Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 123, as Exs.—Libert, “Crypt. Ard.,” 324; Berk., 69; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.” No. 520; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 9338; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,’ 331, ed. ii, 451; Winter, “Fungi Kur.,’ 2057; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 660. On living clover-leaves. Name—TZ7rvfolium, a genus of Leguminosee, including clovers. 50. Mollisia Cerastiorum. (Wallr.) Gregarious, minute, innato-sessile, glabrous, orbicular, nearly waxy, slightly concave, marginate, pallid testa- ceous, when moist paler; asci clavate or subfusiform ; 200 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. sporidia 8, oblong, obtuse, 2-guttulate, 10 x 3u; para- physes filiform, slender. (Plate VI. fig. 36.) Peziza Cerastiorwm—Wallr. in Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” u. p. 153; Wallr., “Flo. Germ.,” 465. Phacidiwm Ceras- tcorum—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 169. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” No. 655; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 1705 and 1705b. On leaves of Cerastiwm. Cups 300 to 500u broad. Name—Cerastium, a genus of Caryophyllacez. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). C. SPORIDIA PYRIFORM, (a) On leaves, 51. Mollisia Ranuncult. (Wallr.) Hypophyllous, gregarious, on discoloured spots, erumpent, then sessile, orbicular; hymenium plane, at first ochraceous, then black; margin distinct, serrated, umber-brown, at length black; sporidia 8, pyriform, septate, 15 x 5u; paraphyses filiform, sometimes branched. Phiyctidium Ranunculi—Wallr.,, “Flo. Germ.,” p. 416. Dothidea Ranunculi—F ries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 562; Berk., “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 287. Hacypula Ranun- cula—Rabh., “ Handbk.,”*158. Phacidium Ranunculi— Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2271; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 168. Phacidium litigioswm—Rob. in Desm., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” t. 8, 1847, p. 181. Exs.—Berk., 347; Desm., 1639; Fcekl., “F. Rh.,” 1175; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 280, ed. ii. 452; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 659; Kunze, “Fung. Sel.” 175, 381; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 544. | On fading leaves of Ranwneulus repens, ete. About 500 broad. Name—Ranunculus, a genus of Ranwneulacee. Forres! (Rev. Dr. Keith), Shere, Surrey! (Dr. Capron). e @ LACHNEA. 201 Suspaenus VII.—PERISTOMIALIS, Subcylindrical, sessile, fleshy, dise plane or slightly concave; margin furnished with triangular teeth ; sporidia cylindraceo-filiform. (Plate VI. fig. 37.) Name—7epf, around, ordua, the mouth ; furnished with scales round the mouth, like the peristome of mosses. Only one species. 52. Mollisia peristomialis. (B. and Br.) Minute, cylindrical, pallid, mouth furnished with long white triangular teeth; hymenium nearly plane; asci lanceolate ; sporidia biseriate, fusiform, multi-guttu- late, 20—27 x 4—5yu. (Plate VI. fig. 37.) Peziza (Mollisia) peristomialis—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1169, t. 5, f& 382; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2119. On dead bark of holly. About 300 to 400u high, by 200 broad. Gregarious, at first globose, then elongated, and botuliform or subpyriform, truncate at the top, the hymenium scarcely depressed ; the triangular teeth re- semble those of Peziza inflexa (Bolt.); the sporidia are large, and furnished with 5 to 9 nuclei. “A most exquisite object under a moderate magnifier, resembling some Actinia in miniature. Sporidia ‘001 inch long” (B. and Br., l. c.). Name—NSee under Subgenus. Penzance (J. Ralfs, Esq.). Sertes IJ.—VESTITZ. Genus VIII—LaAcHNEA. Fries. Cups stipitate or sessile, fleshy, waxy or fibrous; clothed externally with more or less well-developed hairs. (Plates VI.-VIL, figs. 38-42.) a Name—Adyxvn, down; from the villous or hairy clothing. ~ 202 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. ARRANGEMENT OF SUBGENERA. I. Sarcoscypha .. ia ar : “ -- 1-7 Il. Sepultaria .. Ae os oe xs -. 8-18 III. Rhizopodella.. oF Sis aN ws ae 2S IV. Scutellinia .. fe oe ois oe -- 20-37 V. Neotiella .. he os , .. 38-39 KEY TO THE SUBGENERA. Cups stipitate .. . Sarcoscypha. Cups seated on a mass of black hairs : : .. , Rhizopodella. Cups immersed or semi-immersed in the soil .. Sepultaria. Cups sessile; hairs dark, rigid at oe .. Scutellinia. Cups sessile ; hairs nearly colourless ie ». Neotiella. SUBGENUS I.—SARCOSCYPHA. Cups large, fleshy, distinctly stipitate; externally tomentose or hairy. (Plate VI. fig. 38.) Name—oapé, flesh, oxipoe, a cup. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic. (a) Epispore asperate .. os -. species 1 (6) Epispore smooth. (a) Stem erect - oe oe oe (8) Stem rooting .. ee Se » o-6 B. Sporidia fusiform. (a) Epispore asperate .. oe ee oe KryY TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium black oe ee 7 ad -» corium. Hymenium brown .. oe ais oe rote Hymenium yellow .. ee Be $i at cae Hymenium carmine .. ar ke wid .+ coccinea. Exterior cinerascent; stem bulbous at base .. bulbosa. Exterior blackish-brown, squamulose ; stem equal _helvellotdes. 1. Exterior cinereous, hirto-verrucose ; stem attenuated upwards . .. macropus. 9 Exterior white, villous ; dise sulphur- yellow -. radiculata, : { Exterior whitish, tomentose ; dise pale orange .. cocotina. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. (a) Epispore asperate, 1. Lachnea radiculata. (Sow). Cups subcespitose, fleshy, hemispherical, then ap- planate ; stem thick, rooting; hymenium sulphureous ; - LACHNEA. 203 externally white, villous; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, asperate, 16 x 104; paraphyses filiform, (Plate VL. fig. 38.) Peziza radiculata—Sow., “ Fung.,” t. 114; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 81; Crouan, “Flo. Fin.,” p. 52; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 192; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” 1160*, t. 4, £ 23; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2015 ; “Grevillea,” ii. fig. 92; Cooke, “Mycoor.,” fig. 99. Peziza Sowerbea—Pers., “ Myco. Kur.,” p. 232. Lachnea radiculata—GilL, “ Champ.,” p. 66, ¢. 1. Exs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 618. On the ground, in gardens and in fir woods, ete. Summer and autumn. Cups 1 to 13 inches broad; hairs septate, hyaline, rather long (M. C. Cooke). Somewhat reticulated ex- ternally, with irregular prominent veins, 1 inch or more broad (Berk. in “ Eng. Flo.”). Name—fadicula, a little root ; from the rooting base. Dropmore, Jedburgh (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Near Twycross (Rev. A. Bloxam). North Wootton (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Epping (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Stoke Newing- ton (Mr. W. G. Smith). Var. Percevalir. Phil. Differing in the oblique cups (which resemble the species in O/idea) and the clavate paraphyses. Name—After Mr. Cecil H. Spencer Perceval. Stopham ! (Mr. Cecil H. Spencer Perceval). (a) Hpispore smooth. (a) Stem erect. 2. Lachnea coccinea. (Jacq). Cups stipitate, infundibuliform ; externally, as well as the stem, whitish, tomentose, with short adpressed down; disc carmine; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong-ellip- tic, smooth, 25—27 x 9u; paraphyses linear. © Peziza coccvnea—Jacq., “ Mise. Austr.,” t. 169; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 79; Nees, “Sys.,” f. 288; Bolt., « Fung.,” t. 104; Buxb., “ Petr.,” iv. t. 29, f. 4; Batt. t. 3, £ N, 0; 204 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Ray., “Syn.,” iii. p. 19, No. 15; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p- 43; Gonn. and Rabh., “ Myco. Eur.,” ui. t. 4, fig. 5; Weinm., p. 4384; Grev., 161; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 192; Cooke, “ Handbk., 4 2012 ; Pat., p- "34, f. 80. Peziza epidendr a—Bull., “ Champ., aby AGT ; Sow. “Fung.,” t. 13. Peziza poculiformis—Hofim., - Crypt,” t. 7, £ 5. Plee- tania coceinea—F ckl., “ Symb. Myco.,” p. 324, Lachnea coccvnea—Guill., “ Champ.,” p. 66, ¢ 1. Exs.—F ckl., “ F. Rh.,” 1213; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” i. 1020; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” i. 651 ; Phil; “Miya 61; Ellis, “N. A. Fungi,” 434. On rotten branches. Spring. Cups about 1 inch broad; stem } to 1 inch long. This is the most handsome species in our flora. Its nearly white tomentose exterior contrasts strongly with the carmine disc. A single specimen with a white hymenium was said to have been found near Ipswich (vide Scien Gossip, vol. xxi., 1885, p. 67). Name—Coccineus, scarlet; from the sola of the hymenium. Gillingham, Norfolk (Sowerby). Hitcham, Suffolk ; Staffordshire; Kingston, near Taunton; and Kilmory, Argyleshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Thringston and Gopsall (Rev. A. Bloxam). Ipswich (Mr. J. English). Thirsk (Mr. J. G. Baker). Epping; Shire Newton, near Chepstow ; and Albury (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Coolearrigan, co. Kildare! (Mr. Wilson). Bunwell and Cossey, Norfolk (Rev. K. Trimmer). North Wootton, Norfolk! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Stoke, near Bristol (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). Church Stretton ! and Hook-a-gate, Salop! Kerry Valley, Montgomeryshire! Malvern ! (Mr. Jones). Cummersdale, Cumberland! (Dr. Carlyle). 3. Lachnea coriwm. (Weberb.) Cups stipitate, waxy, when dry subcoriaceous, saucer- shape, becoming expanded,sometimes laterally compressed, black ; externally velvety; stem equal or thickened below, deeply sulcate or subrugose, glabrous, paler at LACHNEA. 205 the base; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, rather broadly elliptic, at first guttulate, smooth, 18—20 x 10yu; para- physes clavate, with brown apices. Peziza corium—Webetb., “ Pilze,” t. iii. f. 7; Cooke, “Mycogr.,” fig. 187; “Grevillea,’ v. p. 59. Aleuria corvum, Gill., “Champ.,” p. 39. Exs.— Phil: “ Elv. Brit.” No. 153; Rabh.,. “ Fung. Eur.,” 2209 ; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii, No. 552; Rav., “Fung. Am.,” 760. On the ground in sandy soil. Spring. Cups 3 to 13 inches broad; stem 3 to 14 inches long, and about 1 to 3 lines broad at the base, smaller above. The flesh is white; the cells which form the velvety surface of the exterior are composed of 4 to 8 in a chain, constricted at their junction, the chain very rarely branched. The brown apices of the paraphyses are often composed of nearly moniliform cells. Name—Corium, leather ; leather-like. North Wootton! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). 4, Lachnea bulbosa. (Hedw.) Cups hemispherical, becoming expanded, waxy, when dry subcoriaceous, cinerascent, minutely squamulose ; hymenium blackish brown; stem firm, rather slender, arising from a tuber-form base; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, 1-guttulate, gutta large, smooth, 15 X 104; paraphyses clavate at the apices. Pezza bulbosa—Nees, “Sys.,” f. 289; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 58; “ Grevillea,” iii. fig. 8; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fir. 189. Octospora bulbosa—Hedw., “ Mus. Frond.,” t. x. fic. Fungoides fuscwum—Buxb., “ Petr.,” iv..t. 29, f. 3; Scheeff., t. 152. Aleuria bulbosa—Gill., “Champ.,” p. of, ¢. i Exs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 1308. On the ground in sandy soil. Summer and autumn. Cups 3 an inch to 1 inch broad; stem 3 an inch to 1 inch long, 1 line thick ; flesh pale grey. Name—Bulbus, a bulb; bulbous. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright) 206 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES (B) Stem rooting. 5. Lachnea helvelloides. (Fries.) Cup-shaped, complanate, then expanded, orbicular, becoming reflexed, blackish brown; externally, together with the equal stem, squamulose-scabrous ; asci cylin- drical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 15—17 x 10; para- physes subclavate. Peziza helvelloides—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” 348 ; “Grevillea,” ili. fig. 6; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fig. 190. Hel- vella pezizoides—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 20; Afz. in “Vet. Ac. Handl.,” 1873, t. 10, f£. 2; Sacc., “ Myco. Ven. Sp.,” p. 169; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 36; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” 333. Alewria helvelloides—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 40. Exs.—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 11. 237; Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” 446; FcklL, “F. Rh.,” 1880; Rabh., “ Herb. Myco.,” li. 26. In pine woods and mossy places. Autumn. Cup scarcely 1 inch broad; stem 1 to 2 inches high, 1 to 2 lines thick. Name—Helvella, a genus of fungi, (8) Hymenium yellow ae ‘ ss (y) Hymenium livid .. oe » (b) Epispore smooth. ”» (a) Hymenium red or orange .. ‘ (8) Hymenium yellow .. a (y) Hymenium white or pallid... = Kery TO THE SPECIEZS. Hymenium brown .. Hymenium red se fe fae Sars sia Hymenium yellow .. oe ee Hymenium white, cinereous, or livid .. oe Growing on dung of animals we + ee 1 Growing on spent hops .. oe oe oe * )Growing on wood .. a ms oe os Growing on the earth = ae oe Hairs of the cup having stellate hairs intermixed near the base. (Hairs of the cup pallid- tawny; ; sporidia ‘elobose. Hairs of the cup short, bay ; sporidia subglobose Hairs of the cup short, brown, slender ; sporidia oblong-elliptic .. Hairs of the cup short, delicate, flexuous: . sporidia elliptic .. Hairs of the cup short, brown, slender; " sporidia \__ elliptic : Hairs brown, bristle-like ; sporidia asperate Hairs nearly cima longish, slender ; exterior 4 whitish ‘) Hairs pale yellow, ‘very Tongs « ‘exterior bright brown p 7 - ae Hairs chiefly on the margin ee ee os 2 fa of the cup all simple 3.4 «+ species 20 21 hinulea. 1 4 5 2 rubra. scutellata,. coprinarid. stercorea. trechispora. umbrorum. hirta. umbrata. carneo-sanguined. vitellina. theleboloides. Dalmeniensis. erecta. 218 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. (Hairs long, straight, bulbous at the base; disc cinereous .. bulbocrinita. Hairs short, reddish- ‘brown; paraphyses clav ate; 5. dise white > albo-spadicea. Hairs short, erect, pale brown; par: aphy ses linear; disc white cretea. [Hairs short, obtuse, chiedly on the margin ; disc livid- -glaucous oi ° =e wie -. livida A. SPORIDIA GLOBOSE, (a) Epispore echinulate. 20. Lachnea trechispora. (B.and Br.) Cups scattered, sessile, at first hemispherical, then expanded, nearly plane, orange-red; externally clothed with pallid, tawny, septate, somewhat rigid bristles ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, globose, echinulate, 20u; paraphyses clavate at the apices. (Plate VII. fig. 41.) Peziza trechispora—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” xvili., 1846, p. 77; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2022; “ Grevillea,” il. fig. 103; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 129. Lachnea trechispora— Gill., “ Champ.,” p: 77,6 1 Exs, —Cooke, “Fung. Brit.” i. 288; Rabh., “ Fung. Kar.’ 26. On damp ground in woods. Autumn. Cups 4 of an inch or more broad; marginal hairs slender, tapering upwards, short, septate, brown, 1 line long. Name—rpayic, rough, ordpoc, seed ; rough-spored. King’s Cliffe; Aboyne ; Hornstock ; Powerscourt (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Bristol; Batheaston (Mr, C. E. Broome). Forres, N.B. (Rev. Dr. Keith). Scot’s Gap, Cambridgeshire (Mr. C. H. Spencer Perceval). Ventnor, Isle of Wight (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Glamis, N.B. (Rev. J. Stevenson). Dinmore, near Hereford! Bomere Pool, near Shrewsbury! Ercall Wood, Wellington, Salop ! Ludlow! Wenlock Edge, Salop! Highgate (Dr. M. C. Jooke), LACHNEA. 219 (b) Epispore smooth. 21. Lachnea hinnulea. (B. and Br.) Cups scattered, sessile, hemispherical, then expanded, flexuose, marginate, between fleshy and waxy, chestnut- brown ; margin fimbriate, with short brown hairs; asci cylindrical ; “sporidia 8, elobose, with one large cutta, smooth, 12—14u ; paraphyses clavate at the apices. Peziza hinnulea—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1320*; “Grevillea,” ii. p. 129, 154; Cooke, “ Mycoer.,” fig. 52. Pezvza psammophila—Berk. and Curtis, ined, Exs.—Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 2768. On the ground amongst grass. Autumn. Name—Hinnuleus, a young fawn ; from the colour. Powerscourt (Berkeley and Broome). B. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. (a) Epispore asperate. (a) Hymenium red, scarlet, or orange. 22. Lachnea umbrorum. (Fckl.) Cups scattered, sessile, at first hemispherical, then expanded, nearly plane, fleshy, vermilion or flesh-coloured, paler when dry; clothed externally with short, bay, septate, rather rigid bristles; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, nearly globose, tuberculate, 20—22 x 18u; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with red granules. Peziza wmbrorum—Cooke, “ Mycoer.,” fig. 1388. Hu- maria umbrorum—F ck, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 323. Peziza wmbrosa—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 85 Gin part); B. and Br, “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” 1866, No. 1163, t. 4, f 28 (var. with globose sporidia). Peziza wmbrata—Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. pia Lachnea uwmbrorum— Gill., “Champ.,” p. 209, Exs.—F kl, “ ir Rh, ” No. 2080; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 65. On damp ground in woods. Autumn, 220 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Cups 3 to 5 lines broad; marginal hairs short, rather stout, septate, brown. Name—Umbrosus, shady ; growing in the shade. Berwick (Dr. Johnstone). Wrexham! (Mr. B. Acton). Colwyn Bay (Dr. M. C. Cooke). 23. Lachnea hirta. (Schum.) Cups sessile, scattered, subhemispherical, fleshy; margin somewhat inflexed; clothed externally with brown septate hairs, those on the margin short and slender; hymenium concave, scarlet; asci cylindrical ; a eee 8, oblong-elliptic, asperate, 25 xX 10u; para- physes clavate at the apices, filled with orange granules. Peziza hirta—Schum., “Saell.,” p. 422; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 84; Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 245; Crouan, “Flo. Fin.,” p. 51; B. and Br, “Ann. Nat. Hist.” No. 557, 768; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2021; “Mycogr.,” fig. 128. Peziza scutellata—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 11. 187; “ Grevillea,” iii. fig. 218. Lachnea hirta—Gill, “Champ.,” p. 75, ¢. i. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” i. 576, ii. 187; Phil, “Elv. Brit..” 19; Wright, “Cub.,” 671; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 27. On the ground, ete. Autumn. Cups 23 lines broad; marginal hairs short, slender, septate, brown, 200 to 300u long (Cooke). Name—Hirtus, hairy. Wimbledon Common (Mr. C. E. Broome). Coed Coch (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Wareham (Rev. W. Smith). Epping Forest ; Dalmeny; Ken Wood, Hampstead; and Highgate (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Llanrwst, North Wales! near Shrewsbury! | (B) Hymeniwm yellow. 24. Lachnea vitellina. (Pers.) Cups subcespitose, sessile, hemispherical, at length expanded and flexuose; margin furnished with brown, septate bristles; hymenium bright yellow; asci cylin- LACHNEA, 221 drical; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, asperate, 22 x l5yu paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with yellow granules. Peziza vitellina—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 257; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. 84; “Eng. Filo.,” v. p. 193; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 20283; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” 1866, No. 1163*, t. 4, f. 29; “Grevillea,” 1. fig. 110; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fiz. 143. Lachnella vitellina—Gill.,’ “Champ.,” p. 74. On the ground. Autumn. Cups 24 lines broad; hairs rather long, septate, coloured. Name— Vitellus, the yolk of an egg; from its colour. Appin (Carmichael). Wareham (Mr. C. E. Broome). Coed Coch, North Wales (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Worlaby! (Mr. C. H Spencer Perceval). (y) Hymenium livid. 25. Lachnea livida. (Schum.) Cups gregarious, sessile, hemispherical, becoming plane; externally fuliginous, clothed with long, strigose, septate, brown hairs, those on the margin short, stout, and obtuse ; hymenium livid-glaucous; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, minutely asperate, 20 x 10y; paraphyses linear, clavate at the apices. Peziza livida—Schum., “ Saell.,” ii. p. 422; “Flo. Dan.,’ t. 1915, f. 3; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 86; Weinm., p- 438; “Grevillea,’“iii. fig. 222; Cooke, “ Mycogr.,” fic. 139. Peziza scutellata—Batsch., “ Cont.,’ f. 154. Humarva lwida—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,”.322 (?). Lachnea lwida—GilL, “Champ.,” p. 73. On rotten wood. Spring. Cups 24 lines broad; marginal hairs short, broad obtuse, septate, brown, 200 to 250ulong. Peziza cerulea (Bolt., “ Fufig.,” t. 108, fig. 2) is allied to this species (Cooke). Name—Invidus, a pale lead-colour. Dumfriesshire (Sir W. Jardine). 222 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. (b) Epispore smooth. (a) Hymemum red or orange. 26. Lachnea carneo-sanguinea. (Fckl.) Cups scattered or gregarious, fleshy, sessile; externally, as well as the straightly elevated margin, dilutely brown, clothed with short, septate, rather slender, brown hairs; hymenium at first concave, then plane, between flesh- colour and blood-red ; asci cylindrical, stipitate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 2 to 3-guttulate, smooth, dilutely flesh-coloured, 20 X 10u; paraphyses simple, clavate at the apices. Humaria carneo-sanguinea—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 326; “ Grevillea,” iii. fig. 107. Exs.—Fekl., “F. Rh.,” No. 2288. On the ground. Cups 1 to 2 lines broad (Fck1.). Name—Caro, flesh, sanguis, blood; blood-red, flesh- colour. 27. Lachnea umbrata. (Fries.) Sessile, fleshy, concave or nearly plane; hymenium vermilion flesh-colour, when dry paler, clothed with short, rigid, brown, septate hairs; asci cylindrical ; sporidia elliptic, smooth, 18 X 94; paraphyses thickened upwards. Peziza umbrata—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 351 ; Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 69; “Grevillea,” iii. fig. 112 ; Cooke, “ Mycoger.,” 137. Peziza wmbrosa—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii, 85 (in part); Kickx., “Flo. Flan.,” i. p. 491. On the ground. Autumn. Cups 3 lines broad; marginal hairs short, delicate, somewhat flexuous, septate (Cooke, l. ¢.). Name—Umbra, a shade ; shaded. Surrey (Mr. T. Howse). Clifton, Bristol! (Mr. ©. Bucknall). Shelton Rough, Shrewsbury ! 28. Lachnea scutellata, (Linn.) Cups gregarious, sessile, hemispherical, at length plane; externally red, hispid towards the margin with LACHNEA. 223 straight, long, septate, black-brown hairs ; hymenium ver- milion-red ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, granular within smooth, 20—22 x 11—13y; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with orange granules. Peziza scutellata—Linn., “Suec.,’ 458; Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. 85; Sow., “Fung.,” t. 24; Bull., “Champ.,” p. 247, t. 10: “Flo. Dan.,” t. 1457, f. 2; Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 70; Weinm., p. 437; Kickx., “Flo. Flan.,” 1. p. 491; “Eng. Flo.,” v. 193; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2025 ; Weberb., i. t. 3, f. 3; “Grevillea,” ii, fig. 114; Cooke, “Mycogr.,” fig. 131; Pat. p. 34, f. 81. Hlevela ciliata— Scheeff., “Icon.,” t. 284. Peziza ciliata—Hoffm., “ Crypt.,” ii. p. 25, t. 7, f.3; Holms., “ Ot.,” 11. p. 56, t. 18. Octospora scutellata—Sch., “ Flo. Bar.,” i1..504. Octospora hirta— Hedw., “ Mus. Frond.,” t. 3, B. Humana scutellata— Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 321. Lachnea scutellata—Gill, “Champ.,” p. 75. Exs.—Fckl., “F. Rh.,” 1210; Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” 1 702; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 144; Phil. “ Elv. Brit.,” 64; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 2948 ; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. No. 554. On rotten wood in damp places. Autumn. Cups 23 to 3 lines broad; marginal hairs long (600), septate, brown, attenuated in the upper half. Name—Scutella, a little saucer. King’s Cliffe ; Bodelwyddan, North Wales ; Coed Coch, North Wales; Stanton, Aboyne (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Langridge, Somerset (Mr. C. E. Broome). Argyleshire (Paterson). Wingfield; Abinger, Surrey; Sutton Park, Birmingham; Edinburgh, Glasgow (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Fern, N.B. (Rev. J. Fergusson). Preston, Salop (Rev. W. Houghton). Wrexham! (Mr. B. Acton). Llyn Idwell, North Wales! Downton, near Ludlow! Aberystwith ! Bomere Pool, near Shrewsbury! Almond Park, near Shrewsbury ! 29. Lachnea stercorea. (Fries.) Cups gregarious, sessile, fleshy, when young closed and subglobose, then concave, at length plane, dingy red, 224 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. beset with brown septate hairs of two kinds—marginal long, rigid, ciliating, below stellate or peltate; hyme- nium red or dull red; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, broadly elliptic, smooth, 20—22 x 8—9u; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with red granules. Peziza stercorea—Pers., “ Obs.,” ii. p. 89; Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. 87; Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 71; Weinm., p. 439 ; Crouan, “Flo. Fin.,” p. 52; Kickx., “ Flo. Flan.,” i. 491; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 194; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2028; “Grevillea,” iii fig, 117; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 147. Peziza lutea—Reich. in “ Berl. Ges. Natur.,” i. p. 216, t. 4, £7. Peziza equna— Flo. Dan.,” t. 779, f. 3; Sow., “Fung.,” t. 352. Octospora scutellata—Hedw., “ Mus. Frond.,” ii. t. 3, f. A. Peziza seutellata—Bolt., “ Fung.,” t. 108, f.1. Peziza ciliata—Bull., “Champ.,” p. 257, t. 438, f.2. Huwmaria stercorea—Fckl., “Symb. Myeco.,” p. 321. Lachnea stercorea—Gill., “Champ.,’ p. 76. Exs.—F ckl., “ F. Rh.,” 2081 (2); Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” 633. On cow, horse, and rabbit dung, and rich soil. Spring and summer. Name—Stercus, dung; from its habitat. Wood Newton; West Farleigh ; Caradoc ; Coed Coch (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Epping Forest and Highgate (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Jedborough (Sir W. Jerdon). Twycross (Rev. A. Bloxam). Wrekin, Salop ! 30. Lachnea coprinaria. (Cooke.) Cups subgregarious, sessile, fleshy, hemispherical, then plane; margin elevated, orange-red or scarlet, clothed with pale, brown, septate hairs ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 13—20 x 10u; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with orange granules. Peziza coprinaria—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 91; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 149. On cow-dung. Autumn. Cups 5 lines broad; external cells of cup very large ; marginal hairs long, simple, septate, 4 mm. long, mixed with others that are shorter, mostly confined to the LACHNEA. 295 margin, not branched or stellate. Cups remain flattened in drying (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Name—Coprus, dung; from its habitat. Loughton, Essex (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Rannoch, N.B. (Dr. Buchanan White). Batheaston (Mr. C. KE. Broome). 31. Lachnea rubra. (Cooke.) Cups gregarious, fleshy, subglobose, becoming ex- panded ; margin elevated, orange-red, beset with short, brown, septate hairs; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 18—20 x 10u; paraphyses clavate at the apices. Peziza rubra—Cooke in “ Mycogr.,” fig. 152. Peziza theleboloides (A. and §.), var. rubra—Cooke in “ Fung. Brit.,” ser. 1. No. 572; “Grevillea,” 111. fig. 119. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” i. 572, 11. 186. On spent hops. Cups about 24 lines broad; hairs reddish brown, about 200u long, two or three times as thick as in P. theleboloides, with which species it has been confounded. Although growing in company, there appears to be good grounds for regarding them as distinct (Dr. M. C. Cooke, l. c.). Name—Ruber, red. Batheaston, near Bath (Mr. C. E. Broome) (3) Hymenium yellow. 32. Lachnea theleboloides. (A. and S.) Cups gregarious or crowded, fleshy, at first subglobose, then hemispherical, at length expanded, flexuose; ex- ternally whitish, clothed with slender, septate, nearly colourless hairs ; hymenium pale yellow; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 12—14 x Tu; paraphyses filiform, clavate at the apices. Peziza theleboloides—A. and §., “Consp.,” p. 322, t. 12, f. 4; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. 88; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2029; B. and Br., Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1065, t. 15, fig. 17; “Grevillea,” iii. fig. 118; Cooke, “ Mycoer.,” fig. 151. Lachnea theleboloides—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 74. Q 226 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Exs.—Phil, “Elv. Brit.,” 20; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 621; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 1. 571, 11. 185. On spent hops. Cups 24 lines broad; at first obovate or subcylin- drical, concave, and expanded, when mature of a bright orange colour within; beset externally with delicate, erect, white hairs, which are hyaline under the micro- scope; seated at first on a delicate white subiculum, which disappears as the plant advances to maturity, and the cups become crowded (B. and Br.). Name—Thelebolus, a genus of fungi, e?doc, likeness ; Thelebolus-like. Batheaston, near Bath; Ilford (Mr. C. E. Broome). Manor House, Ealing! (Mr. C. H. Spencer Perceval). Glamis, N.B. (Rev. J. Stevenson). Shrewsbury ! 33. Lachnea erecta. (Sow.) Cups gregarious or crowded, subcylindrical, smooth, yellowish, at length dilated ; mouth erect, subciliate. Peziza erecta—Sow. in “ Eng. Fung.,” t. 369, tigs. 10, 11; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 69; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 194; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1996. “On very wet moss in damp places. Cups 2 lines high, oblong and upright, but sometimes short and clumsy, often spreading; sometimes destitute of hairs, sometimes ciliated, sometimes furnished with both hairs and ciliz; varying from a deep red to greenish-yellow and pale yellow” (Sow.,, l. ¢.). “This species is placed by Fries in the series Alewria and subgenus Hwmaria ; but its affinity seems to be much greater to the species of the present genus (Sarco- scypha), if indeed it be not a form of P. theleboloides, A. and 8. The smooth state on moss may possibly be P. axillaris. Unfortunately, no specimens appear to have been preserved ” (Berkeley, l. c.). Dr. Cooke remarks in “ Mycographia,’ under P. pulcherrima, Cr. (fig. 154), Peziza erecta, Sow., is evi- dently allied to this species. - LACHNEA. 227 We prefer to retain this, as its alliance is tolerably evident. Name—E rectus, erect; from its erect form. 34, Lachnea Dalneniensis. (Cooke.) Cups sessile, fleshy, hemispherical, becoming ex- panded, bright yellow, beset with long erect, septate, pale yellow hairs; margin elevated; hymenium same colour ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 12x 7 as paraphyses clavate at the apices. Pezza Dalmenrensis—Oooke in “Grevillea,” iii p. 66, t. 34, fig. 121; “ Mycogr.,” fig. 153. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,’ No. 110. On the ground in shady woods, often amongst nettles. Autumn. Cups 5 lines broad; hairs 600u long, septate, tawny yellow. Resembles in some features P. theleboloides (Dr. M. C. Cooke). The hairs in my specimens were pale yellow, nearly colourless under the microscope. Name—After Dalmeny in Scotland. Dalmeny, N.B. (Dr. M. C. Cooke). King’s ne (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Warlaby, near Lowth! (Mr. C. H. Spencer Perceval). Wrekin, Salop! (y) Hymenium white or pallid, 35. Lachnea bulbo-crinita. Phil. Cups scattered, sessile, hemispherical, then expanded, fleshy; externally dusky brown, clothed with long, straight, brown, septate hairs, bulbous at the base; hymenium pallid or cinereous; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic, smooth, 20 x 13n; paraphyses filiform. Peziza bulbo-crinita—Phil., “Scott. Nat.,” vi. 128. On dead branches. Autumn. Cups 14 lines broad, at first closed, then concave; margin ciliated with long erect hairs (4 a line), inter- mixed with shorter (300), all having a bulbous basal cell. The disc is slate-colour. Allied to Peziza erinacea, 228 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Shwz., but hairs much longer, with a bulbous base, a darker disc, and paraphyses not enlarged at the summits. Name—Bulbus, a bulb, erinis, hair; from its bulbous hairs. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 36. Lachnea albospadicea. (Grev.) Cups gregarious, sessile, subglobose, then hemi- spherical, at length plane, fleshy; external surface and margin strigose with short, septate, reddish-brown hairs ; hymenium white; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, 1-guttulate, smooth, 20 x 9—10u; paraphyses clavate at the apices. Peziza albospadicea—Grev., “Flo. Edin.,” p. 420; “Eng: Flo.” v. 194; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2030; “Mycoger.,” fig. 141. On the ground in woods. Autumn. A fine species, about 2 lines broad, globose when young, gradually becoming plane; hymenium white, smooth, with a slight tinge of grey in moist weather. External surface covered with reddish-brown hairs, which form also a border to the hymenium (Grey.,, l. ¢.). Hairs very short and delicate, about 100u long (Cooke, l. ¢.). Name— Albus, white, spadiceus, bay ; from the colour. Foxhall, near Edinburgh (Messrs. Wauch and Greville). Henbury, near Bristol (Mr. C. H. Spencer Perceval). 37. Lachnea eretea. (Cooke.) Cups subgregarious, sessile, hemispherical, at length expanded ; external surface and margin beset with erect, short, brown, septate hairs; hymenium white; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, colourless, smooth, 12—18 x 8u; paraphyses linear. Peziza cretea—Cooke, “ Trans. Bot. Soe. Edin.,” 1877, p. 46, t. 8, K-N; “Grevillea,” vi. p. 75, t. 97, fig. 4-7; “Mycogr.,” fig. 362. On plaster walls and ceiling exposed to the weather by the burning of the roof. LACHNEA. 229 Cups 1 to 23 lines broad; external hairs straight, attenuated upwards, 150u to 200u long (Dr. Cooke, l. c.). Name—Creta, chalk. Walls of Inverleith House, Edinburgh! (Professor Balfour). SuBGENUS V.—NEOTTIELLA. Cooke. Cups sessile; externally albo-tomentose. (Plate VII. fig, 42.) Name—+veorrid, a nest; resembling a little nest. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia asperate .. ws a .. species 38 B. Sporidia smooth .. ee is - a 4 eae Kry TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium orange... oe a oe «» Cornubiensis. Hymenium bright scarlet .. os oe -. crucipila. Hymenium blue ae aia ae ele .. cerulea. A. SPORIDIA ASPERATE. 38. Lachnea Cornubiensis. (B. and Br.) Cups sessile, fleshy, nearly plane, affixed to the soil by villous down, the margin alone free ; externally clothed with delicate, obtuse, septate hairs; hymenium orange; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblongo-elliptic, asperate, 18—22 x 18u; paraphyses linear. (Plate VII. fig. 42.) Peziza Cornubiensis—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 767; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 366; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 1993; “Mycogr.,” fig. 309. On manured ground. Cups 2 of an inch broad, depressed. A very fine species (B. and Br., l. ¢.). Name—Cornubia, the Latin name of Cornwall. Penzance (Mr. Tracy Millett). B. SPORIDIA SMOOTH. 39. Lachnea crucipila. (Cooke and Phil.) Cups scattered, sessile, fleshy, hemispherical, then plane; externally pale scarlet, clothed with pale brown, forked or cruciate, septate hairs; hymenium bright scarlet; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 230 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. smooth, 20 xX 9u; paraphyses clavate at the apices, filled with orange-red granules. Peziza cruciplla—Cooke and Phil. in “ Mycogr.,” fig. 237; Pat. p. 209, f. 481. Lachnea cruciplla—Gill., “Champ.,” figure only. Exs.—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 647. On the earth in shady damp places in woods. Summer and autumn. Cups 3 to 1 line broad. The forked hairs, which are intermixed with simple ones, are 200u long. Name—Cruza, a cross, pilus, the hair. Downton Castle, Herefordshire! Newport, Salop! Highgate and Heywood Forest (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Doubtful specves. Lachnea cerulea. (Bolt.) Plane, ciliated, black and smooth externally; hairs soft, pallid; dise bright blue. Peziza cerulea—Bolt., t. 108, f 2; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 86; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 193; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2026. Lachnea cerulea—Gill., “Champ.,” Rigo? ; On putrid wood, in moist places under fir-trees; very rare. October. Cups about 2 lines broad. This has not been observed since Bolton’s time. May he not have had before him young specimens of Corticium cceeruleum (Fries), which often assume a form agreeing with his figure? Compare his figure (108, f. 2) with Sowerby’s 350. Genus [X.—LAcCHNELLA. Fries (amended), Cups small, stipitate or sessile ; flesh thin, firm, waxy ; externally pilose or villous; asci cylindrical or sub- clavate; sporidia 8, colourless; paraphyses filiform or acerose. (Plates VII, VIII. figs. 43-49.) Name—Diminutive of the preceding genus. LACHNELLA., ARRANGEMENT OF THE SUBGENERA. I. Dasyscypha .. * od Il. Lachnella .. i a% ILL. Fibrina ¥s P 4 Kry To THE SUBGENERA. Cups furnished with a stem . wis ‘3 ais Oups sessile or subsessile... AY se “d {Fic dry ; cups externally fibroso- striate .. oe Flesh softer ; cups externally pilose or villous .. SECTION J.—STIPITATE. 1-36 37-70 71-73 Dasyseypha. 1 Fibrina. Lachnella. SusGENuS I.—DasyscypPHa. Fries. Cups slender, waxy, dry; disc glabrous ; externally pilose or villous, stipitate ; paraphyses filiform or acerose. (Plates VIL. VIII. figs. 43-46.) ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Hairs of cup coloured. (a) Sporidia elliptic. (a) Paraphyses filiform .. (8) Paraphyses acerose .. oe 9 (b) Sporidia fusiform. (a) Paraphyses filiform .. oe ” (8) Paraphyses acerose .. oe ” B. Hairs of cup hyaline. (a) Sporidia globose. (a) Paraphyses filiform .. ee . (b) Sporidia oblong-elliptic. (a) Paraphyses filiform .. ee ” (c) Sporidia fusiform. (a) Paraphyses filiform .. es 9 (8) Paraphyses acerose (d) Sporidia elongato fusiform or filiform. (a) Paraphyses acerose .. iy o. Position doubtful ; sporidia subglobose . eS KeryY To THE SPECIEs. A. HAIRS OF CUP COLOURED. Hymenium some shade of brown .. a oe Hymenium yellowish .. af Se i. Hymenium pallid (Externally sugar-coloured ; paraphyses filiform Externally tawny ; paraphy ses filiform 1.4 Externally fawn-colour ; paraphyses acerose Externally umber-brown ; paraphyses acerose Externally yellowish-brown ; paraphyses acerose. . e. species 1 2 3-5 6-10 cerind. 2, Stevensont. Juscescens. clandestina. calyculxformis. caulicola. 232 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Externally vinous-brown ; paraphyses filiform diplocarpa. 9. ) Externally pale brown ; paraphyses filiform trichodea. * ) Externally pale brown; paraphyses acerose -- brunneola. Externally pale fulvous ; paraphyses acerose -. palearum. B. HAIRS OF CUP HYALINE. Hymentum flesh-colour nuda. Hymenium fawn-colour apala. Hymenium yellow ° ‘ 1 Hymenium white re zt - ee ae (,6 Externally bluish-grey ae ee - -+/ tricolor. 1] Externally straw-colour eis ee oe -- luteola. *)Externally yellow... a sie ee .. solfatera. Externally white ee oe as oe va 9. Paraphyses filiform .. oe - es wu ae {Par ‘aphyses acerose e. os ee oe o- 9 Growing on resin : - as No. 2069. Lachnea coesia—Gill., i Champ. = p. 92. Exs.—Libert., “ Crypt. Ard.,” No. 26; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” No. 562, ed. ii. 555; Phil, “ Elv. Brit., ” No. 76. On chips of oak, ete. ‘Autumn. 278 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Cups 300 to 500u broad. Forming a continuous layer on chips, in damp places. The tapesium becomes yellow on drying. “Crowded; when young concave, then expanded.” I have examined original specimens of P. chavetice in Mad. Libert. exs., and find them to correspond exactly with P. cesia. Name—Cwsius, sky-coloured ; greyish-blue. Appin (Captain Carmichael). Holme Lacy and Whitfield, near Hereford! near Shrewsbury ! Grantown, NS: | (Rev. Dr. Keith). 2. Tapesia eriobasis. (Berk.) Gregarious, but generally distinct; cups orbicular, tomentose, fixed to little, round, snow-white, cottony spots, which are sometimes confluent ; when fresh white, when dry the hymenium has a yellowish tinge; ascl slightly clavate or obtusely lanceolate ; sporidia oblong, ‘0002 to ‘00025 inch long (5 to 5°5n) (Berk.). Pexza eriobasis—Berk., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 312; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2070. On smooth inner surface of bark. Differs from P. cesia and P. chavetice in its larger cups, pale disc, and several other points. The cups are sometimes extremely thin, crowded, and pressed very close to the matrix, but this is not ‘usually the case (B. and Br.). Name—piov, wool, Baoig, a base; from the woolly carpet. 3. Tapesia mutabilis. (B. and Br.) Minute, at first presenting little brown villous specks from which the cups burst; cups scattered; externally brown, hemispherical, villous, becoming smooth and dirty-white ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, biguttu- late, endochrome sometimes restricted to either extremity, 18—18 x 2—4u; paraphyses slenderly filiform. Peziza mutabilis—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist,” he 564; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2072. On leaves of Aira covspitosa. TAPESIA. 279 “When old it bears some resemblance to pale forms of P. atrata and P. palustris” (M. J. B.). Cups 200 to 300u broad, seated on a dark radiating tapesium. No hairs are discoverable on the cups in the original specimens. Name—Mutabilis, variable. Derry Hill, Wilts! 4. Tapesia Rose. (Pers.) Sessile, subcoriaceous, concave, subtomentose, bright brown, as well as the tomentose subiculum ; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong-fusiform,7—10 x 2°du; paraphyses indistinct. Peziza Roscee—Pers., “ Obs.,” 2, p. 82; “ Myco. Eur.,” p,.2/8; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 109; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 200; Tode, i. f. 41; Berk., “ Mag. Zool. and Bot.,” No. tu; Karst. “ Pez»et Ascob.,” p. 25; Nyl., “ Pez. Fenn.,” p. 834; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2073. Tympanis obtexta (Wallr.), var. pezizeformis—Wallr., “ Flo. Germ.,” 11. p. 428. Tapesia Rose—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 301. Mollisea Rosce—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 208. Lachnea Rose—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 92. Exs.—Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” nov. ed.,359; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 276; Fckl., “ F. Rh.,” 1874; Berk., exs. No. 157; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 477; Phil., “Elv. Brit.,” 30. On dead branches of Rosa canina. Autumn. Cups 4 a line broad; subiculum tomentose, broadly effused, indeterminate ; cups scattered or aggregated, at first urceolate ; margin inflexed, then greatly expanded, when dry corrugated and deformed. Name—Ltosa, the genus to which the wild rose belongs. Appin (Capt. Carmichael). King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Clungunford, Salop ! Var. Prunicola. Fceki. Cups twice the size of those in 7. Rose, very black, and the hairs more brown-black ; asci oblong, stipitate ; 280 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES, sporidia uniseriate, cylindrical, obtuse at the ends,straight, hyaline, 10 xX 2u; paraphyses filiform, not clavate. Tapesia Prumicola—F ckl., “ Symb. Myco.,” p. 302. Exs.—F kl, “ F. Rh.,” 1190; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 300. On branches of Prumus spinosa. Name—Prunus, the genus to which the sloe belongs ; growing on sloe. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). (3) Sporidia septate. 5. Tapesia rhabdosperma. (B. and Br.) Subiculum thin, tomentose, pale, tawny; cups scat- tered, of the same colour ; externally paler, villose ; margin inflexed; hymenium brighter; asci lanceolate, obtuse ; sporidia 8, filiform, multiguttulate, 65 x 8u; paraphyses slenderly filiform, sometimes branched. — Peziza rhabdosperma—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1621; “ Grevillea,” v. p. 61. On dead wood. November. Cups about 500u broad. This is so near Arachnopeziza aurata—F ck. (““Symb. Myco.,” p. 304) that I am disposed to think it at most a variety, differing in its paler colour. The sporidia cor- respond exactly. Name—pa/3eoe, a rod, ovépu, seed; from the form of the sporidia. Leigh Downs! (C. E. Broome). 6. Tapesia aurelia. €Pers.) Sessile, scattered, subventricose, go!den-yellow ; subi- culum thin, whitish; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-fusiform, triseptate, 14—20 x 3—dyn; paraphyses slenderly filiform. (Plate VIII. fig. 50.) Peziza aurelia—Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 270; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 107; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 199; Nyl, “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 50; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2065. Peziza Wauchii—Grev., t. 189 ; Pat., p. 126, f. 285. Arachno- peziza aurelia—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 803. Patellaria TAPESIA. 281 bicolor—Curr., “Linn. Trans.,” xxiv. 491, t. 51, f. 15, 16; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2175. Lachnea aurelia, Gill., “Champ.,” p. 91, ¢. 1. (excel. sporidia). Exs.—Mong. and Nest., No. 783; Rav., v. No. 41; fio, “Crypt. AragsNo la. Peki:; “|F. Rh.” TL9or; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 563; Phil. “ Elv. Brit,” 29 ; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 448. On the ground beneath decaying oak-leaves, mast, ete. Spring. Cups 1 to 2 lines broad, woolly ; subiculum radiating. A most beautiful species (Berk. in “ Eng. Flo.”). The ends of the sporidia are often furnished with a short cilium. Name—Auwreus, golden. Foxhall, near Edinburgh (Capt. Wauch). Nese Ludlow ! Minsterley, Salop! Whitfield, near Hereford! B. CUPS EXTERNALLY NAKED. (a) Sporidia fusiform or oblong. (a) Sporidia simple. 7. Tapesia sanguinea. (Pers.) Cups sessile, concave, smooth, becoming blackish ; base surrounded by a short blood-red tomentum ; asci clavate, obtuse; sporidia 8, ovoid-oblong or oblong-ellipsoide, simple, hyaline, 6—10 X 2—3u; paraphyses filiform, thickened at the apex, fuscescent. Peziza sanguinea—Pers., “Tent. Disp. Meth.,” p. 34; and “Myco. Eur.,” p. 273; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 110; Nees, f. 271; Berk., “Mag. Zool: and Bot.,” No. 11; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2076; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 51. Tapesia sanguinea—F ckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 303; Pat., p. 37, f£.91. Patellaria sanguinea—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 232. Plhialea sanguinea—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 112. Eixs.—Rabh., “ Herb. Myco.,” ed. 11. 642; and “ Fung. Kur.,” nov. ed., 226; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 148; Fekl, See,” 1187. On wood, fir, ete. November. Cups 200 to 400u broad (Nyl.); sporidia 8 x 8u. (Fckl.). 282 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Sangwis, blood ; blood-colour. Beeston, Nottinghamshire. Shifnal, Salop. (8) Sporidia septate. 8. Tapesia fusca. (Pers.) Subiculum formed of densely woven, brown filaments, at times widely diffused, at other times hardly visible; cups scattered or gregarious, concave, brown, then plane, cinereous, mouth often paler; hymenium pallid-white, cinereous, or brownish ; externally glabrous; asci clavate ; - sporidia 8, fusiform or oblong-fusiform, simple or 2-guttu- late, becoming pseudo-septate, 8—16 xX 2—3u. Peziza fusca—Pers., “Obs,” i. p» 29; “Syn. Fung,” pee “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 272; ai « i Myco., i p. 109 ; Grev., t. 192; “ Eng. Flo.” 200 (in part); Cooke, , Handbk., ” No. 2074 ; Nyl, ‘ © Pon Fenn.,” p.50; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 26. Tapesra fusca—Fckl., ‘« Symb. Myco.,” p. 302. Mollisia fusca—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 207. Phralea fusca—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 113. Exs.—Fckl., “F. Rh.,” 1593; Phil, “ Ely. Brit.,” 77, Rhem, “ Asco.,” 153; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 556. On wood. Spring and autumn. Cups about 4 a line wide. Name—Fuscus, brown, with a grey tinge. Near Shrewsbury ! Hereford ! Very common. 9. Tapesia Tohnstoni. (Berk.) Sessile ; cups globose or subturbinate, at length open and rufous, with a satiny lustre, attached beneath to a broad, black-brown, grumous subiculum. Peziza Johnstoni—Berk., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 313. On fallen branches. : “Forming a uniform stratum on decayed sticks. Cups - half a line broad, at first brown and pulverulent, at length rufous, rather thin, with a satiny lustre, subturbinate, with the margin permanently inflected, at first quite closed; subiculum granulated, grumous, obscurely floccose” (M. J. B.). DESMAZIERELLA. 283 I have examined the original specimen, but can find no fruit. In general appearance it greatly resembles P. Rose. Name—After Dr. Johnstone. Berwick! N.B. GENUS XI.—DESMAZIERELLA. Libert (amended). Receptacle orbicular ; hymenium disc-shaped, distinct, hairy with the rigid, bristle-like paraphyses; asci cylin- drical; sporidia hyaline, elliptic. Epiphytal. (Plate VIII. fig. 51.) Only one species known. Name—After J. B. H. J. Desmaziéres. 1. Desmazierella acicola. Lib. Cups scattered, sessile, turbinate, then plane; exter- nally black, and clothed with a black byssoid tomentum ; margin ciliated with long, bristle-like hairs; hymenium dark brown, pilose with the projecting paraphyses ; flesh pale cinereous; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, elliptic, 2-outtulate, 15xX8u; paraphyses adherent in bundles, separated at the summits, which are black and pointed, exceeding the asci. Desmazrerella acicola—Lib., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1829, p. 82, with figure ; “Grevillea,” 111. p. 126, t. 42, f. 3. Exs.—Lib., “Crypt. Ard.,” 24; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 45; Winter, “ Fungi Eur.,” 2211; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 705. On dead leaves of Pinus sylvestris. Cups about 23 lines broad. This appears at first as a minute, hairy Chetomrvuwm-like body, nearly black, after- wards expanding into a sublentiform disc. The brown hairs of the hymenium, being prolongations of the para- physes, give this plant a striking character. | ame—Acus, a needle, colo, to inhabit; on pine- needles. Wrekin, and Acton Burnell, Salop! Trefriw, North Wales! Aberdeen! (J. W. H. Trail), 284 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Genus XII.—PriIrRoTT#A. SACCARDO. Cup superficial, or between erumpent and superficial, sessile, scutellate, nearly carbonaceous, black, clothed with short rigid bristles ; asci 8-spored ; sporidia oblong, continuous, hyaline. (Plate VIII. fig. 52.) The habit of Pyrenopezize, but setulose (Sace. in “ Mich.,” i. p. 424. Name—After R. Pirotta. Only one British species. Pirottea vectis. (B. and Br.) Cups scattered, sessile, subglobose, then hemispherical ; externally dark brown or nearly black, clothed with short, rigid, brown, bristle-like hairs ; hymenium concave, pallid-cinereous; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, elongate-fusiform, curved, or vermiform, 1 to 3-septate, 25 X 44; paraphyses slenderly filiform. (Plate VIII. fig, 52. 4 ane vectis—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,’ No. 957 Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2063. On dead stems of Centawrea nigra. Cups 3004 broad. The short, rigid, nearly black hairs are chiefly on the margin, and are intermixed with brown polygonal granules. Name— Vectis, the name of the Isle of Wight. Ryde! (Rev. A. Bloxam). Order III—ASCOBOLEZ. Boud. Receptacle sessile, plane or convex, fleshy or sub- gelatinous ; asci broad, never cylindrical, easily emergent, rendering the dise papillate by their prominent summits. (Plate IX. figs. 53-58.) Named from the typical genus. For the most part growing on old dung of animals in shady places ; sometimes on earth or decaying vegetable matter. BOUDIERA. 285 The soft, fleshy, subgelatinous texture; the papillate hymenium, arising from the protruding asci, which are always broadly clavate; and the growth of nearly all species on the dung of animals, are ready characters by which to distinguish the plants of this order from Peziza. They rarely exceed 2 lines in breadth, the majority being much less. ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA. A. Sporidia having a coloured B. Sporidia hyaline. epispore. IV. Thecotheus. I. Boudiera. V. Ryparobius. II. Ascobolus. VI. Ascophanus. III. Saccobolus. Key TO THE GENERA. A. Sporidia coloured, usually purple. Sporidia globose .. ae oe .- Boudiera. Sporidia elliptic. Sporidia free in ascus er : Ascobolus. Sporidia inclosed in a common membrane within the ascus .. Pa os -- Saccobolus, B. Sporidia hyaline. | Sporidia not more than 8 in ascus (except sexdecimsporus) Sn ai Ascophanus. Sporidia more than 8 in ascus. Asci very large, much exserted .. -. Thecotheus. Asci small, but broad a ve «- Liyparobius. Section A.—SPORIDIA COLOURED. Genus I—Bovupiera. Cooke in “Grevillea,” vi. p. 76. Immarginate, obicular, discoid, plane or convex, fleshy ; hymenium papillate; asci clavate or clavate- cylindrical, ejected; sporidia globose ; paraphyses dis- tinct. (Plate IX. fig. 53.) Name—After E. Boudier. Boudvera areolata. Cooke and Phil. Cups dark brown, orbicular, convex; asci clavate cylindrical ; sporidia 8, globose, deeply areolate, hyaline, brownish, 30u; paraphyses stout, septate, clavate, and brown at the apice- (Plate IX. fig. 53.) 286 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Boudvera areolata—Cooke and Phil., “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 76. On moist ground on the margin of a lake. May. Receptacles about 1 to 1} line broad. Name—Areole, little beds in a garden; from the depressions on the sporidia. Jilyn Gwernon, North Wales ! Grnus II.—Ascopouus. Pers. Sessile, disc plane or convex, papillate from the pro- jecting asci; sporidia 8, elliptic, coloured, free in the ascus. (Plate IX. fig. 54.) Name—aoxéc, leather bag, wine-skin, and [3dXoe, a projection ; from the projecting asci. Distincuished from Boucdiera by the elliptic sporidia, and from Saccoholus by the sporidia being free in the ascus, 1.¢. not inclosed in a common membrane. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Exterior of the cup smooth .. species 1-4 B. Exterior of cup furfuraceous or granulated ae c. Exterior of cup pilose ue ae a » 20,88 KrEY TO THE SPECIEs. Exterior smooth oe os it 7 <—s filiform. Ascobolus «wmmersus—Pers., “Syn Fung.,” 677; “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 341; Nees, “Sys.,’ f 297; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 164; Cheval. “Flo. En. Par.,” i. p. 303; Duby, “ Bot.- Gall.” i. p. 739; Ccemans, “ Not. mseob, Belg.,” p. 12; No, f; , Krekx,,. Flo, Blam,” 4. p: 478; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 84; Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 204; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 80; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1089, t. 17, f. 33; Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 36, t. 8, fig. xvii.; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 286; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2204; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 144. Asc. macrosporus—Crouan, “Ann. Sc. Nat.,” 1857, t. 4 B, f. 5-8; Cooke, “Jour. Bot.,” 1864, f. 7. Ase. gigasporus —De Not., “ Disc,’ p. 6. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. No. 397. On cow, sheep, horse, and goose dung. Autumn. About 300 to 800u broad. Easily recognized by the large sporidia—larger than in any other species. Name—Immergo, to plunge; immersed. ‘Batheaston (Mr. C. E. Broome). Longmynd, Salop, on goose-dung ! Genus III.—Saccozonvus. Boud. Receptacle fleshy, sessile; externally glabrous, shining ; hymenium plane, then convex, bright, covered with the small exserted asci, resembling black shining granules ; asci short, broad, almost quadrate at the apices, attenu- ated at the base, and then nearly wedge-shaped, the dehiscent operculum often triangular, not umbonate; sporidia 8; epispore waxy, smooth, very sparsely, minutely, and often transversely rimose, inclosed in a 294 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. common membrane, when mature variously aggregated at the extremity of the asci. (Plate IX. fig. 55.) Small species growing on dung. Easily distinguished from the preceding by the short and large asci, which are less prominent, and only at maturity in the form of projecting round black points; by the sporidia being enclosed in a common membrane; and by the shorter paraphyses. Name—sakkog, sac, Saddw, a projection. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Exterior of cup smooth .. ts .. species 1-5 B. Exterior pubescent ae ad 2° - KEY TO THE SPECIES. Exterior of cup golden-yellow. os ae .. Kerverni. Exterior of cup fuliginous .. os “se .. obscurus. Exterior of cup violet. . ads violaceus. Exterior of cup pallid or whitish vet 4 Cups plane, pallid, then vinous ae a .. deparperatus, 1. {Cups globose, white, then cinereous ws .. neglectus. Cups hemispherical, white, and pubescent. . .. cxsariatus. A. EXTERIOR OF CUP SMOOTH. 1. Saccobolus Kervermt. (Crouan.) Very small, scattered or crowded, golden yellow or amber, glabrous, shining, sessile, hemispherical, some- times subcylindrical; hymenium flat or convex; asci wide, incurved; sporidia 8, elliptic, at first white, then rosy, and finally of a beautiful violet, smooth, or rarely minutely and irregularly rimose, disposed at the summit of the ascus in an oblong mass, enclosed in a hyaline membrane, 20—23 x 10u; paraphyses branched, septate, a little thickened at the summits, enveloped in a golden or yellowish-green gelatine. Ascobolus Kerverni—Crouan in “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1858, t. x. pl. 18, B, f. 7-10; “ Flo. Finn.,” p. 57 ; Cooke, “ Jour. Bot.,” 1864, f. 8; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 287; B. and Br., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” No. 1090, t. 17, f. 34; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 78; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2206; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 141, ¢. i. Ascobolus glaber—Ccemans, SACCOBOLUS. 295 “Not. Ascob. Belg.,” 1862, p. 14; Kickx., “Crypt. Flan.,” i. p. 478. Saccobolus Kerverni—Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 39, 98, f. 18. Exs.—F ckl., exs. N« 1836; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 399. On old cow-dung. October. Cups 400 to 600u broad. Name—After Capt. D. Kervern. ‘ Bathford ! (Mr. C. E. Broome). Forden, Montgomery- shire. 2. Saccobolus obscurus. (Cooke.) Suberegarious, sometimes densely crowded, fuliginous or dark brown; hymenium convex, rather paler; asci clavate; sporidia elliptic, rough, becoming violet, then brown, 12—14 x 7u, enclosed in a common hyaline membrane ; paraphyses filiform, simple. Ascobolus (Saccobolus) obscwrus—Cooke in “ Gre- villea,” iv. p. 112. On old sacking. Cups 200 to 900” broad. Name—Obscurus, of a dark colour. Forden, Montgomeryshire! (Dr. M. C. Cooke). 3. Saccobolus neglectus. Boud. Very minute, at first globose, glabrous, scarcely shining, white or becoming cinereous, or finally cinereus- purple, paler at the base; hymenium often fulvous, at certain times, therefore, covered with the exserted asci and appearing black; asci minute, broad, attenuated at the base, hyaline, operculum plane ; sporidia 8, elliptic, sub-acuminate, smooth, roseate, passing into cinereous- violet and black, 15—19 x 6—8u, enclosed in a common hyaline membrane; paraphyses simple or branched, scarcely thickened at the apices, hyaline, septate, in- volved in a scarcely visible gelatine. Saccobolus neglectus—Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 41, t. 9, f. 20; Phil. and Plow., “Grevillea,” 10, p. 69; Gill, «Champ.,” p. 141. 296 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. On rabbit-dung. Spring. Cups 200 to 500u broad, convex, when dry brown. Name—Neglectus, neglected. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Leigh Woods, near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). 4. Saccobolus violasceus. Boud. Scattered or crowded, minute, sessile, glabrous, shining, hemispherical, then more or less expanded, violet or cinereous-violet ; hymenium scarcely paler, con- vex, rarely undulated; asci broad, attenuated at the base; operculum plane ; sporidia 8, elliptic, sub-acute, often navicular, at first hyaline, then rosy, at length approaching a blue-violet or violet-black, smooth, 15 x 9n, enclosed in a common hyaline membrane; paraphyses septate, apices pyriform, becoming violet-colour. (Plate IX. fig. 55.) Saccobolus violasceus—Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 41, t. 8, f. 19. Ascobolus violasceus—Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” il. p. 126; Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 141, ¢ i. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 48. On cow-dung. Autumn.. Cups } to 1 line broad, subgelatinous. Name—Violasceus, of a violet-colour. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Wrekin, Salop ! 5. Saccobolus depauperatus. (B. and Br.) Cups minute, plane, pallid, then vinous; asci short, broad, oblong, base abruptly narrowed to a short stem ; sporidia 8, obtusely fusiform, lurid violet, even, 10—12 X 6°5u; enclosed in a common hyaline sac; para- physes filiform, septate, slightly incrassated at the summit. Ascobolus depawperatus—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1084, t. 14, f 6; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2207. On dung of sheep, horse, and deer. “Cups minute, not exceeding ;}9 of an inch in diameter, yellowish when young, becoming vinous, but sometimes when old losing their purplish tint” (B. and Br.). 00 Oe SACCOBULUS. 297 Name—Depaupero, to impoverish. Spye Park, Bathford, Hanham, ete. (Mr. C. E. Broome). B. EXTERIOR PUBESCENT. 6. Saccobolus cesarivatus. Renny. Minute, hemispherical, white, clothed with colourless, septate, slender, flexuous hairs; hymenium convex, papil- late from the exserted asci; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia elliptic, purple, smooth, enclosed in a common hyaline sac ; paraphyses filiform, rather stout, simple, or branched. Saccobolus cesariatus—Renny in litt. This is an exceedingly beautiful species, very minute, but, unfortunately, no dimensions are given, nor yet the habitat. It resembles a pure white, sessile Lachnella. Name—Cwsariatus, covered with hairs. SECTION B.—SPoORIDIA HYALINE. GENUS IV.—THECOTHEUS. Boud in “ Ascob.” Receptacle waxy, sessile; hymenium erumpent, im- marginate, opaque, subpruinose, at first plane, then con- vex, rough with crystalline points, which are the much exserted asci; paraphyses longer, very slender, numerous, involved in gelatine; asci large, elongated, but broad, polysporus in the species noted, sub-umbonate at the apex, when mature exserted about half their length; sporidia hyaline, with a conspicuous central nucleus, free, larger epispore smooth, the young ones very commonly sur- rounded singly by mucilage (Boudier, J. ¢.). (Plate IX. fig. 56.) Name—Oijxn, thecus, w6éw, I push; from the project- ing asci. One species only. 1. Thecotheus Pelletiert. (Crouan.) Scattered or crowded, at first conical, then cylindrical, at length rotund-applanate, grey or cinereous-lilac; 298 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. covered externally with an excessively subtle white pruina; hymenium opaque, often paler; asci elongated, very large, broad, opening at the apex by a subumbonate operculum ; sporidia 32, hyaline, larger than in Rypa- robius, elliptic, subacuminate, the young ones filled with conspicuous minute drops, and surrounded singly with gelatine, the mature ones naked, with one central nucleus, 27 x 14u; paraphyses slender, septate, hyaline, branched from the base, enveloped in hyaline gelatine. (Plate IX. fig. 56.) Ascobolus Pelletieri—Crouan, “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1857, vol. vii. p. 178, t. iv. a. f. 1-4; “Flo. Finn.,” p. 56; Coemans, “ Not. Ascob. Belg.,” p. 15; “Bull. Soc. Belg.,” i. p. 88; Kickx., “Crypt. Flan.,” i. p. 477; Pat., p. 74, f. 172. Thecotheus Pelletieri—Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 46, t.9, f. 22; Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” x. p. 69. On horse-dung. It is also found on dung of cows, sheep, and dogs. Cups 4 to 1 line broad. Easily recognized by the large asci and numerous sporidia. Name—After Captain Pelletier. Grown under glass, Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). Scar- borough! (Mr. Massee). Genus V.—RyYpaARosius. Boud. Very minute, hardly visible to the naked eye, waxy, marginate, sessile; hymenium plane; punctate from the prominent asci, when dry margin inflexed, rotundate ; asci minute, but proportionately very broad, often ovate, scarcely attenuated at the base; always polysporus, opening by a large convex operculum, scarcely rising above the mature disc; sporidia very minute, hya- _ line, very numerous, never granulose within, nucleus hardly visible, when mature aggregated into an oblong globule, but easily separable (Boudier, /. c.). (Plate IX. fig. 57.) v Distinguished from the preceding genus by the smaller ee OE RYPAROBIUS. 299 size of the receptacle and the colourless and numerous sporidia. Name purapoc, dirty, Bloc, life; living on dung. ARRANGFMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Exterior,of cup smooth. (a) Margin not ciliated .. Pigs .. species 1-2 (b) Margin ciliat: d oh af ove » oo B. Exterior lairy - és és bi » 6-8 Key TO THE SPECIEs. Exterior fulvous at ay mh a -- Cooket. Exterior white on wi a € vote 1 ee elliptic <6 o es obo sie *\Sporidia fusiform * ae i ae ta. Oo Margin fringed ; sporidia 16-24 ae es .. parvisporus. 2. ‘Margin ciliated ; sporidia 128 Se a .. subhirtus. Margin not ciliated .. be es a .. dubius. 3 a hairy ; sporidia 64 .. = hs .. Woolhopensis. ' | Hairs on margin only ic 26 ae eee Hairs short, irregular; sporidia 64-96 3 .. Levielleanus. 4 Hairs short, rough ; sporidia 32 L “ .. Crowani. * )Hairs soft; sporidia 64; cups globose, then ap- planate aes bs ae He te .. argenteus, A. EXTERIOR OF QUP SMOOTH. (a) Margin not ciliated. 1. Ryparobius Cooket. (Crouan.) Very much crowded, rarely scattered, extremely minute, hemispherical, glabrous, fulvous, paler at the base ; margin irregularly paler ; hymenium plane, whitish or pallid-fulvous, papillate from the exserted asci; sporidia 64, oblong-elliptic, hyaline, scarcely acute, 8—10 4—5n; paraphyses scarce, hyaline, septate, scarcely thickened at the apices. (Plate IX. fig. 57.) Ascobolus Cooket—Crouan, “Flo. Finn.,” p. 56, fig. 3 ; Cooke, “ Grevillea,” i. p. 132. Ryparobvus Cookea—Boud., “ Ascob.,” p. 48, t..9,f. 24. Ascobolus myriadeus—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” exs. No. 552. » oe c. Sporidia cylindrical ws me ve » 6 Key To THE SPECIEs. Exterior fibrillose-striate .. Se ts +» rudis, Exterior veined, flesh-red ee < 2% Exterior even .. fs oe ve o 2 L. {operate uniguttulate. . oe +. sarcoides. Sporidia multiguttulate and larger .. purpurea. Yellowish-brown ; paraphyses enlarged ‘at the 2 summits Ks brunnea. * | Hruginous-green ; paraphyses filiform, branched .. atro-virens. Pallid or purplish ; paraphyses unbranched .. clavus. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC, 1. Ombrophila rudis. (Berk.) Fasciculate, turbinate-stipitate or stipitate, sub- gelatinous; hymenium plane, here and there depressed, rugose, yellow-brown, somewhat vinous, externally finely fibrilloso-striate ; stem often elongated, lacunose or striate; asci clavate, base slender; sporidia 8, elliptic, 7—10 x 83— 43 paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza rudis—Berk. in “Proc. N. H. Soc. Berw.,” p. 190; “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 574, t. 6, f 13; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2077. OMBROPHILA. o2e On shallow gravel and peat. June. This plant is decidedly subgelatinous, and_ resembles some states of O. sarcoides, but has different sporidia. It is described when fresh as yellowish-brown, with vinous tint; stem often striate below, but externally very minutely fibroso-striate ” (B. and Br.). Name—Rudis, rude. Berwick ! (in Herb. Berk. Kew). 2. Ombrophila brunnea. Phil. Crowded, sessile or substipitate, nearly hemispherical, then expanded, becoming flexuous, gelatinous, yellowish- brown, glabrous; hymenium darker than margin; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, biguttulate, replete with granular protoplasm, 16—20x5—8u; paraphyses filiform, enlarged at the summits, adhering. Ombrophila brumnea—Phil. in “Grevillea,” viii. p. 103; “Scott. Nat.,” i. (new ser.) 87. On dead herbaceous stems in damp places. Cups about 14 to 5 lines broad. Name—Brunneus, deep brown. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). B. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM OR SUBFUSIFORM. 3. Ombrophila sarcoides. (Jacq.) Czespitose, sessile or substipitate, firm, subgelatinous, fleshy red, veined below; hymenium plane, concave or urceolate and repand ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-fusiform, straight or unequal-sided, with a central gutta, 10O—18 x 4—5u; paraphyses fili- form, slender, abundant, adherent. Spermogonia form, polymorphous, soft, viscid, flesh- red; conidia subglobose or subelliptic; spermatia rod- like, straight or curved. Inchen sarcoides—Jacq., “Mise. Austr.,” ii. p. 378, t. 22. Peziza sarcoides—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 633; A. and 5., p. 305. Bulgaria sarcoides—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 168;°° Eng. Filo.” v. p. 210; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 375, t. 18, £6; Cooke, “Handbk.,” “No. 2218; “Fungi,” p. 198; 324 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Gill“ Champ.,” p. 147,¢ 1. Helvella sarcoides—Dicks., Crypt,” 1. p. at: Bolt., t. 101, f. 2. Sarcodea sarcoides * urnalis—Karst., ‘ Symb. Myso.,” p- 232. Coryne sarcovdes—Tul., “ ‘Select. F ung. Carp.,” ili. p. 190, t. 17, fed-8 5) Fekk,, { Symb: Myco.,” p- 284. Ombrophila sarcoides—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 86. Spermogonia : Tremella (coryne) sarcoides—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 217; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 341; and “ Kpicr.,” p- 589. Tremella sarcoides—With., py 78. Coryne sarcoides—Bon., “ Handb.,” p. 149, t. ve f. 233. | Exs. —Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 452 (partly) ; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 482 ; Phikoos Ely. Brit.,” 138; Roumg., ‘ Fung. Gal.” 2767. On trunks and branches of trees. Name—oapé, flesh, sidoc, likeness; flesh-like. Common ! 4. Ombrophila purpurea. (Fckl.) ‘Receptacle as in preceding, but larger and more robust ; asci scarcely stipitate, cylindrical; sporidia bi- seriate, lanceolate, sometimes curved, multiguttulate, hyaline, 20 x 6u; paraphyses filiform, not thickened at the tips. Coryne purpuwrea—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 284. Bulgaria purpurea (Fckl. \—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” 11. p. 164. Exs.—Fckl., “F. Rh.,” No. 1135; Cooke, “ Fung, Brit.,” ed. 1. 658. Sporidia 20u (0007 in.) long, whereas in B. sarcoides they are only half that length. The cups exceed 1 inch in diameter (Cooke). The sporidia in the Attingham Park specimen are 24x Tu. This may be a distinct species. Epping (Dr. M. C. Cooke). Attingham Park, Shrews- bury ! 5. Ombrophila clavus. (A. and 8.) Crowded or scattered, between fleshy and gelatinous, somewhat firm, pallid or purplish, nearly obconie or * : f OMBROPHILA. 329 stipitate; hymenium plane or convex; stem thick or slender; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong- elliptic, obtuse at the ends or pointed, unequal-sided, polari-guttulate, 1O—15 x 4—5y; paraphyses filiform. (Plate X. fig. 62.) Peziza clavus—A. and &., p. 306, t. 11, f. 5; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 187; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 575; Pat., p. 129, f. 290(?). Helotewm clavus—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 153. On leaves, twigs ete, lying in swampy places. Autumn. A most variable species both in size and shape, the stem at one time absent, at another elongated to twice the diameter of the dise; sometimes very thick, at others slender. Name—Clavus, a stud or button. Trefriw, North Wales! 6. Ombrophila atro-virens. (Pers.) Solitary or crowded, sessile or substipitate, at first globose, then turbinate or hemispherical, immarginate, subgelatinous, eeruginous-green ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, cylindrical, obtuse at the ends, curved, 3 to 4-septate, often constricted at the septa, 1418 x 3—4n ; paraphyses filiform, branched, adherent. Spermogonia solitary or czespitose, often coalescing into a common truncate head; bearing narrowly ovoide spermatia, on slender, branched sterigmata. Peziza atro-virens—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 635; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 141; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 205; Grev., “Flo. Edin.,” p. 425; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2099. Coryne virescens—Tul., “ Select. Fung. Carp.,” i. p. 193, t. xviil. f. 12-15. Calloria atro-virens—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 3859; Pat., p. 75, £174. Chlorosplenvwm atro-virens—De Not., “ Dise.,” p. 23. Conidial form: Dacrymyces virescens—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 229. Mollisia atro-virens—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 126. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 141; Rhem, “ Asco.,” 618. 326 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. On decaying wood; on decorticated branches in damp places, ete. Usually small, scattered, dark green, convex, of a decidedly gelatinous texture. Name—Ater, black, virens, green. Near Ludlow, Shropshire! The Wrekin, Shropshire! near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). Genus V.—CaLuoriaA. Fries (amended). Gelatinous, at first spherical, immarginate, then be- coming plane or concave, sessile or substipitate; for the most part bright-coloured, with no distinct excipulum ; sporidia 8, minute. (Plate X. fig. 63.) Spermogonia occur in fusarioides. Rarely exceeding 4 to ? of a line broad; soft when moist, slightly horny when ne Growing on dead wood, herbaceous stems, and fungi. Name—xaAXog (kadédc), beauty; beautifully coloured ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. 4. Exterior of cups pubescent (a) Sporidia fusiform .. ee e. species 1,2 (b) Sporidia cylindrical ee ee epee gs. Exterior of cups glabrous (a) Sporidia subglobose ee ee » &- (b) Sporidia elliptic ee ee ee ” 5-8 (c) Sporidia fusiform. (a) Simple .. oh ie es » ol (B) Septate .. a ae ¢: +» oa oe (d) Sporidia as oh aT oe » 14-18 c. Doubtful .. on “i see olsae KEY TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium some shade of red - e és? ff Hymenium some shade of yellow ve ve i Hymenium white oa ee ss ws << { Paraphyses filiform oe Om Paraphyses globose or subglobose at the apices Bs (Exterior woolly, rosy-pink : growing on Sterium .. _ stereicola. Exterior glabrous, bright red: on Conium maculatum coniicola. Exterior glabrous, reddish flesh-colour ; on Rubus 2.4 cesius .. rubicolor. Exterior glabrous, flesh-red : on dead wood _ . rubella. Exterior gma gage ete seated on a Tape- \ sium .. 5 ‘ 7 - i .. duricolo CALLORIA. 327 Exterior glabrous, tlesh-red ; sporidia subglobose.. coccinella. Exterior glabrous, yellowish- -scarlet ; sporidia glo- boso-elliptic .. xanthostigma. Exterior glabrous, pale: vinous- “red ; sporidia filiform vinosa. (I-xterior granular, gummy ; paraphyses urn-shaped at the apices. . ey a. daere. 4 |esterion granulated ; paraphyses filiform .. ~. cornea. Exterior at first pubescent, then 5 aac ‘ para- | physes filiform as es 4 .. chrysostigma. (Exterior glabrous i) (Paraphyses globose at the apices ; ; sporidia filiform or fusoidio-filiform .. Paraphyses subclavate at the apices, sporidia ob- luteo rubella. long-fusiform os Susarioides, -) Paraphyses filiform ; sporidia acicular-filiform inflatula. Paraphyses thickened at the Bacal palaces sais large .. . ulcerata. Paraphyses filiform : crowing on Polyporus Leightoni. Exterior glabrous, white, becoming yellow ; para- physes globose at the apices . a oe Exterior subfarinose, pallid-white .. ae we Imperfectly described are si ee ee 6. leucostigma. dentata. diaplana. A. EXTERIOR OF CUP PUBESCENT. (a) Sporidia fusiform. 1. Calloria lasia. (B. and Br.) Globose, erumpent, orange-colour, at length opening with a torn dentate mouth; externally gummy; asci subcylindrical ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 12 x 2u; paraphyses urn-shaped, and sometimes uniseptate at the apices, intermixed with short flocci. Peziza lasia—B. and Br. in “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1991 st..d,t. 10> * Grevillea,” 1. p. 162. Exs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” nov. ed., 1515. On bark and wood of elm. March. Half to one line broad. The dried specimens are dull red, and minutely verrucose externally; the disc of a somewhat brighter colour. The apices of the para- physes are very remarkable, reminding one of the young capsule of a Brywm. Name—Aaouvog, hairy. Langridge! 328 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 2. Calloria chrysostigma. (Fries.) Gregarious, sessile, with a broad stem-like base, bright yellow, sometimes white, soft, submembranaceous, globose, then plano-concave, at first shghtly pubescent. then glabrous; asci clavate or cylindraceo-clavate ; spo- ridia 8, fusiform, straight, 12 x 2u; paraphyses filiform. Peziza chrysostigma—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 128. Helotvwm chrysostigma—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn," p. 148; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 155. On dead fronds of Pteris aquilina, Athenee ete. A very minute and variable species, now yellow, now white; at first pubescent, then glabrous. Name—xpvodc, gold, oriyua, a point. Kino’s Lynn! (Mr. ©. B. Plowright). _ (b) Sporidia cylindrical. 3. Calloria stereicola. (Cooke.) Gregarious, minute, sessile or substipitate, globose, then cup-shaped, between fleshy and waxy; externally woolly, of a delicate rosy-pink when dry; hymenium the same colour ; asci subclavate ; sporidia 8, cylindrical, obtuse, 7 X 154; paraphyses slenderly filiform: Peziza stereicola—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” i. p. 180. Exs.— Phil, “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 186. On the hymenium of Sterewm. Cups 300 to 700u broad. The delicate pubescence is seen best in recently collected specimens; some of the cups are furnished with a decided stem; when moist the flesh is soft. Name—Sterewm, a genus of fungi, colo, to inhabit. Scotland (Herb. Edin.). Sutton ‘Park, Birmingham (Mr. W. B. Grove). Colwyn, North Wales ! B. EXTERIOR OF CUPS NAKED. (a) Sporidia subglobose. 4. Calloria coccinella. (Sommf.) Scattered or gregarious, sessile, minute, subtremel- lose when moist, collapsing when dry, flesh-red; asci CALLORIA. 329 eylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia subglobose, uniseriate, 2y ; paraphyses filiform, very slender, subglobose apices, colourless. Peziza coccinella—Sommf., “ Lapp.,” p. 276; Fries, “Elench.,” ii. p. 112; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 36. Orbilia coccinella—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 357; Karst., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 98. Mollisia coccinella—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 129. Exs.— Rehm, “ Asco.,” Nos. 71 and 710. On dead wood. About 500u broad. Name—Diminutive of coccineus, scarlet. Form condensata. Phil. Forming condensed fasciculate heaps. Forres, N.B., in Herb. Currey ! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (b) Sporidia elliptic. 5. Calloria xanthostigma. (Fries.) Scattered, plane, submembranaceous, translucent, gla- brous, yellow, inclining to scarlet; collapsing when dry ; asci cylindrical or cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, uni- seriate, clobose-elliptic, 3 x 1—1‘5u; paraphyses filiform, extremely slender, globose at the apices. Peziza xanthostigma—Fries, “Obs. Myco.,” i. p. 166 ; “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 146; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 206; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 39; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 174; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 54; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 8371; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2107. Orbilia lewcostigma—var. 2. wanthostigma, Fries—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 99. Mollisia xantho- stigma—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 125. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 130. On dead wood. Name—£Eavréc, yellow, oriypa, a point. Shrewsbury ! 6. Calloria Leighton (nov. sp.). Scattered, minute, sessile, hemispherical, then slightly concave; margin incurved; exterior glabrous, very pale 330 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. yellow; bymenium same colour; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 8 x 3u; paraphyses slenderly filiform. Peziza hyalina—Herb. Leighton at Kew. On Polyporus. Cups 4 to 1 line broad. The colour varies from white to very pale yellow; somewhat diaphanous. The oe are considerably larger than Peziza epzpora, Ny Name—After the Rev. W. A. Leighton. Near Shrewsbury! (Rev. W. A. Leighton). 7. Calloria ulcerata. Phil. and Plow. Scattered, erumpent, plane; margin fimbriate; hyme- nium dirty orange; asci clavate; sporidia 4, elliptic, granular within, 15 x Su; paraphyses filiform, simple or forked, enlarged at the summits, often contorted. Peziza ulcerata—Phil. in “ Ely. Brit.;” Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 122, t. 62, f. 5. Peziza tripolir —B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1623. Exs.—Phil., “Elv. Brit.” No. 83; Winter, “ Fungi Eur.,” 2206 ; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. i, No, 549, On dead stems of Aster tripoliwm. Allied to P. fusarioides, Berk. Name—From wlcero, to form scabs ; scabby. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). 8. Calloria leucostigma. (Fries.) Gregarious or scattered, sessile, plane, submem- branaceous, white, becoming yellowish, translucent ; asci cylindrical or cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, globose- elliptic, uniseriate, 2 X l'5u; paraphyses filiform, ex- tremely slender, globose at the apices. Pexza leucostigma—Fries, “Obs. Myco.,” 1. p. 265; “ Sys. Myco.,” li. p. 146; Karst., “ Pez. et sti p. 39; “Mon, Pez.,” p. 174; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 54; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 206 ; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 371; Cooke, “Handble " No. 2108. Orbilia leucosti yma—Fries, «Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 357; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 99. Mollisia leucostigma—Gill., e Champ.,” 126, CALLORIA. 3831 Ou dead wood. About 4 to 3 a line broad. Name—aAkvxée, white, oriypua, a point. Shrewsbury ! (c) Sporidia fusiform. (a) Sumple. 9. Calloria rubicola. Cooke and Phil. Gregarious, sessile, applanate, reddish flesh-colour, glabrous; margin prominent, rather obtuse; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 9—11 x lu; paraphyses slenderly filiform. On Rubus cesius. Cups 4 to ? of a line broad. This is very similar to Peziza vinosa, but differs in the sporidia. Name—Rubus, the genus to which the bramble belongs, colo, to inhabit. King’s Cliffe! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). 10. Calloria fusarioides. (Berk.) Gregarious, rotund or oblong, nearly plane, orange- fulvous or orange-red; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-fusiform, curved, guttulate or pseudo-uniseptate, 10—14 x 3—3'5u; paraphyses filiform, slender, apices clavate. Spermogonia gregarious, gelatinous, difformed, dis- coid, or for the most part oblong or ovate, when dry applanate, often confluent, similar in size and colour to the ascigerous stage; sterigmata slender, branched; spermatia filiform, straight, about 10u long, lu thick. Peziza fusarioides—Berk. in “ Mag. Zool. Bot.,” 1837, bp 46,4028 45° Outh”™ px 3713 oNyllj: * Pez Fenn,” p. 57; Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 176; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2114. Calloria fusarioides—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p- 282. Mollisia fusarioides—GilL, “Champ.,” p. 120, ¢.1. Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. 1063, ed. 11. 463; Berk., “ Brits Fung.,” 67; Fckl, “F. Rh.;” 1181 ; Lib., ex. 29; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 676; Karst., “Fung. 332 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Fenn.,” 646; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” 343, ed. ii. 381; Phil. “Elv. Brit.,” 82; Rhem, “ Asco.,” 72 and 118. Spermogonia form—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. ii. 402 ; Rabh., “ Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 73; and “ Fung. Eur.,” 384. On dead stems of nettle. 2 to ? of a line broad. Name—fusarium, a genus of fungi, s?éoc, likeness. 11. Calloria dentata. (Pers.)- Sessile, very minute, at first subglobose, then hemi- spherical, soft, pallid-white, subfarinaceous; margin dentate; asci clavate; sporidia 8, biseriate, fusiform, 5 X 1—2y; paraphyses not seen. Peziza dentata—Pers., “Icon. et Deser.,” p. 5, t. 1, f. 6, 7; “Myco. Eur.,” p. 315; Fries, “Sys. Myco..” ix p. 147. Mollisia dentata—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 124. On decorticated twigs. Cups 300 to 400u broad. Name—Dens, a tooth; toothed, Herb. Berkeley. (3) Septate. 12. Calloria cornea. (B. and Br.) Minute, gregarious, sessile, at first globose, yellow horn-coloured, at length shortly obconic or turbinate and orange-brown; asci clavate, pointed at the summit; sporidia 8, fusiform, slightly curved, biguttulate, at length pseudo-uniseptate, 15 X 2u; paraphyses filiform, very slender. Peziza cornea—B. and Br. in “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 578; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2113. On dead culms of Carex paniculata. March. 3 Cups 300 to 500u broad. “Sometimes slightly hollow, but more generally flat and granulated; margin rather jagged. An extremely pretty though minute species” (B. and Br.). Name— Oorneus, horny; from the colour. Batheaston ! (C. E. Broome, Esq.). CALLORIA, 333 13. Calloria Coniicola (nov. sp.). Cooke and Phil. Gregarious or crowded, hemispherical, then expanded, concave, flesh-red; margin involute; hymenium brighter red; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, narrowly fusiform, becoming uniseptate, 13 x 2u; paraphyses filiform, slender. On dead stems of Conawm maculatum. Cups 300 to 500m broad. Name—Coniwm, a genus of plants, colo, to inhabit. King’s Cliffe! (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). (d) Sporidia filrform. 14. Calloria vinosa. (A. and 8.) Minute, sessile, subtremellose, nearly plane, smooth, quite entire, pale vinous-red; asci clavate; sporidia 8, filiform-acicular, straight or curved, 10—15 x lu; para- physes filiform, slender, sometimes branched, with globose, pyriform, or thickened apices. (Plate X. fig. 63.) Peziza vinosa—aA. and §%., p. 308; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 141; Wallr, “Flo. Germ.,” p. 469; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 205; Berk., “ Outl.,.” p. 370; Karst., “ Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 37; “Mon. Pez,” p. 176; Cooke,.“ Handbk.,” No: 2097. Mollisia vinosa—GilL, “ Champ.,” p. 125. Calloria vinosa—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,’ p. 359; Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 283. Orbalia vinosa—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 101. Exs.—Rav., iv. No. 19; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” nov. ed. No. 1412; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 1252. On fallen branches, bark, and wood. Name—Vinum, wine; of the colour of red wine. Common! 15. Calloria luteo-rubella. (Nyl.) Scattered, minute, disciform, glabrous, somewhat tremelloid, yellowish-red or yellowish-brown ;_ asci eylindraceo-clavate; sporidia fusiform or fusi-filiform, 7—10 x 1—15u; paraphyses filiform, slender, apices nearly globose. Peziza luteo-rubella—Nyl, “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 55; 334 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 175; Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” x. p.68. Orbilia luteo-rubella—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 248 ; “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 101. On dead willow bark. Nylander and Karsten find it on poplar and elder, also on dead polyporus. July to September. Cups about } to ? of a line broad. Approaches very near to C. lewcostigma. Name—Luteus, yellow, rubellus, reddish, Shrewsbury ! 16. Calloria rubella. Pers. Gregarious, minute, sessile, between soft and waxy, becoming somewhat plane, smooth, flesh-red; margin sublaciniate ; sporidia 8, minute, cylindrical, 6 x 2u. Peziza rubella—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 635; and “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 304; A. and S., p. 308; Fries, “ Obs. Myco.,” i. p. 163; “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 141; “Summa Veg. Sean.,” p. 353; Wallr.,, “Flo. Germ.,” p. 469; Rabh., “Krypt. Flo,” i p. 347; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1484; “Grevillea,” i. p. 122. Mollisia rubella— Gill., “Champ.,” p. 124. | Exs.—Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” No. 834, On decayed wood with P. vinosa. “Cups 1 to 2 lines broad” (B. and Br.). “ Semi- pellucid, convex, then plane and subflexuose; margin minutely velvety ” (M. C. C. in MS.). Name—Rubella, reddish. New Pitsligo (Rev. J. Fergusson). 17. Calloria auricolor. (Blox.) Gregarious, soft, subgelatinous, orange, marginate, springing from a stratum of delicate, hyaline filaments ; sporidia 8, narrow. Peziza awuricolor, Blox.—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1068 ; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2098. On the under side of a fallen tree. “Cups with a broad raised margin, springing from delicate, radiating, hyaline, interwoven hairs, The DERMATEA. 33) evident affinity of this species to P. vinosa induces us to place it in Mollisva rather than in Tapesia” (M. J. Berk.). Name—Awrum, gold, color, colour; golden-yellow. Gopsal (Rev. A. Bloxam). 18. Calloria wnflatula. (Karst.) Gregarious, nearly plane, thin, hyaline-white, when dry globose-inflated, angularly contracted, dirty-yellow or nearly brick-red ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, acicular-filiform, 4—7 X 5y. Peziza inflatula—Karst., “ Mon. Pez.,” p.175. Orbilia unflatula—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 100. On bark and wood. Cups 4 to ? of a line broad. Nearly allied to Peziza epipora, Nyl. Leigh Woods and Stapleton Park, near Bristol! (Mr. C, Bucknall), 19. Calloria diaphana. (Sow.) Scattered, urceolate, then plane, whitish, hyaline. Mollisia diaphana—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 182. Peziza vulgaris, Fries, var. 3. diaphana—Sow., “ Fung.,” t. 389, f.7. Mollisia vulgaris—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 119. On fallen branches. Name—cvapavijc, diaphanous; transparent. Order V.—DERMATEZ. Fries. Receptacles corky, coriaceous, or horny, mostly erumpent and cespitose, sessile or substipitate, urceolate, concave or plane; epiphytal. (Plates X., XI. figs. 64-69.) In some of the genera included here spermogonia and pycnidia have been observed. The plants in this order are characterized by their firm texture and dark colour, varying from rhubarb- brown to umber-brown and black; they are nearly all erumpent, and the majority cespitose and united at the 336 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. base, as if arising from acommon stroma. In Tympanis they approach Patellaria ; in Heterospheria they simu- late Spheria ; in Dermatea they have some likeness to Helotiwm ; but attention to the texture and fructification will prevent the possibility of error. Name—from the typical genus Dermatea. ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA. I. Encelia. Fries. IV. Tympanis. Fries. Il. Dermatea. Fries. V. Crumenula. De Not. IlI. Cenangium. Fries. VI. Ephelis. Fries. Kry TO THE GENERA. Receptacles seated on an effused horny crust .. LEphelis. Receptacles aad or bane flesh generally brown : a .. Dermatea. Receptacles coriaceous; sporidia filiform .. -. Crumenula. Receptacles coriaceous; sporidia oblong .. Encelia. Receptacles horny or coriaceous, the base more or less prolonged below (so that they are not globose, as in Heterospheria) ny a 1. Receptacles black, very rarely. mealy. Tympanis. Nseeecetinien rarely quite black, generally mealy .. Cenangium. GrENus I—ENca@LIA. Fries. Cups sessile, at first closed or nearly closed, at Jength open, concave, more or less coriaceous; externally tur- furaceous or naked; sporidia 8, oblong; epiphytal. (Plate X. fig. 64.) Name—2y, within, and Koos, hollow Only three British species. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Externally blackish e. ee e- ee ee 1 Externally pale tan .. ee oe! 4G -» furfuracea. Externally rugose.. ee oe . .- fascicularis. *\ Externally verrucose .. oe oe oe .. Bloxami. 1. Encelia fascicularis. (A. and 8.) : i Crespitose, rarely solitary, sessile, leathery mem- branaceous, irregular, rugose, blackish; externally rather __ mealy ; hymenium concave, dark bay- brown, becoming paler ; asci cylindraceo- clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong, 7, ‘ ENCGLIA. 337 straight or curved, 14 x 4; paraphyses filiform, clavate at the apices. (Plate X. fig. 64.) Peziza fascicularis—A. and 8., “Consp.,” p. 315, t. i, ne. 2; Fries“ Sysrilyco.,” a. pi 75; “Eng. -Pio.,” v. p. 191; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2009. Encelia fasca- cularis—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 217. Dermatea fascicularis—Fckl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 278. Peziza crispa—Sow., t. 425; Purt., “ Midl. Flo.,” t. 7. Cenangiwm fasciculare—Gill., “Champ.,” p. 196. Exs.—Fries, No. 291; Sommf., No. 97; Berk., exs. No. 154; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” No. 721; Fekl., “¥. Rh.,” No. 1028; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” No. 69; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,’ No. 478; Phil., “Elv. Brit.” 17; Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 301; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 2274. On dead branches of /raxinus, Salix, Populus, ete. Cups about 4 lines broad. Ceespitose, 6 to 12 united, but sometimes solitary, thin, submembranaceous, hemi- spherical, but compressed, and margin sinuate ; externally blackish, coated with a fugaceous meal. Name—Fasciculus, a small bundle ; fasciculate. King’s Cliffe, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Near Carlisle! (Dr. Carlyle). Var. repagulis—Cooke in “Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. No. 364. 2. Encelia furfuracea. (Fries.) Sessile, between fleshy and leathery ; externally pallid, mealy; margin involute, entire; hymenium cinnamon- blackish ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, oblong, straight or curved, 2 to 4-guttulate, 1O—12 x 3u; paraphyses stout, enlarged upwards. Pezza furfuracea—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 76; “Eng. Flo.,’ v. p. 192; Roth., i. t. 9, f. 3; Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 672; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2010. Cenan- gum furfuracea—Gill., “Champ.,’” p. 196. Dermatea furfuracea—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 362; Fekl., “Symb, Myco.,” p. 278. Hneelia furfwracea—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 218. Zz 338 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” No. 326, 554; Fckl, “FF, Rh.” No. 326; Rav., vi. No. 86; Cooke, “Fung Brit.,” 453 ; Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 18. On Corylus avellana and Alnus incanus. Varying greatly in size from 14 lines to 4 an inch broad. Czespitose or solitary, erumpent, variously deformed by pressure, coated with a pale rusty meal; hymenium cinnamon. Name—Sur/jur, bran ; branny. Glapthorn, Northamptonshire (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). King’s Lynn, Norfolk! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). 3. Encelia Bloxami (nov. sp.). Gregarious, often czspitose, shortly stipitate, eyathi- form, coriaceous, blackish brown, minutely verrucose ; hymenium lurid brown; margin slightly undulating ; flesh dark purple-brown ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 3—4 X 2u; paraphbyses filiform, adherent. Fusiform, uniseptate, stylospores on slender filaments are abundantly intermixed with the asci and paraphyses, the summits rising a little above the surface of the hymenium. Patellaria Bloxami—Berk. in Bloxam’s herb. at Kew. On dead wood. Cups about 1 to 4 lines broad. When dry the plant is black ; the purple- brown colour of the interior is only visible in a microscopic section. The stylospores appear to arise from the subhymenial tissue, and are by no means an accidental addition, for they are present in all the cups I examined. They are similar bodies to those in Peziza diplocarpa, Currey, and cannot be explained as spores that have germinated. On the surface of the very young cups a few short hairs occur. The cells of the pseudo-parenchyma are about 7 to 5 across. Habitat not given, DERMATEA. 339 Genus II.—DERMATEA. Fries. Excipulum somewhat corky, at first entirely closed, then from urceolate becoming expanded, often erumpent, scattered or caespitose, with the stems united into a common stratum; sporidia large; epiphytal. (Plate X. fig. 65.) | Pyenidia and Spermogonia are found in some species. Name—cépua, leather; from the texture. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic, 1-septate ee -» species | B. Sporidia oblongo-elliptic - (a) Sporidia simple Pe ay ia ni ame (b) Sporidia becoming pseudo-septate » ‘49 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium at first orange-red, then pale tan-colour : on pine-leaves abe a fs as .. nectriotdes. Hymenium livid: on dead wood .. -< .. livida. Hymenium cinnamon-yellow: on dead woo .. cinnamomea. Hymenium orange-yellow: on beech ce .. agi. Hymenium dirty-yellow, becoming brown: on Portugal laurel a me me ae .. Houghtonii. Hymenium reddish-brown: on Ulex Yt aa Ullaets, Hymenium rhubarb-colour: on wild rose .. -» rhabarbarina. Hymenium pale flesh-colour: on oak ic .. adryina. Hymenium reddish clay-colour: on cherry o. Cerast. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC, 1-SEPTATE. 1. Dermatea Ulicis. Cooke. Cespitose or scattered, substipitate; cups. at first turbinate, then open; externally reddish-brown, fur- furaceous ; hymenium darker, concave ; asci cylindracec- clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, uniseptate, brown, 12 x 5y; paraphyses subclavate at the tips, and brownish. Dermatea Ulicis—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” iii. p. 186. On dead twigs of Ulex. Cups 4 to 1 line broad; the colour of ground coffee. Name—Ulex, the genus to which gorse belongs; found on gorse. Shere, Surrey (Dr. M. C. Cooke). 340 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. B. SPORIDIA OBLONG-ELLIPTIC, (a) Sporidia simple. 2. Dermatea nectrioides (nov. sp.). Gregarious or cespitose, erumpent, sessile, at first subglobose, then plane, orbicular, reddish-brown ; hyme- nium at first bright orange-red, becoming pale tan-colour ; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic or oblong, rounded at the ends, with one or two large guttule, straight or slightly bent, 20—-25 x Tu; para- physes filiform, slender, branched. On cones of Pinus sylvestris. Cups 300 to 500u broad. The cups issue singly or in groups of two or three, through an elongated slit in the epidermis, which is usually black on the margin. They are at first globose, bright orange-red, shining, hardly to be distinguished from a Vectria ; at a later stage the disc becomes plane or convex and pale tan-colour. It is a near ally of Dermatea conigena, Phil. Name—Wectria, a genus of fungi, sidoc, resemblance. Barn Green, near Birmingham! (Mr. W. B. Grove). 3. Dermatea dryina. Cooke. Cups sometimes single, sometimes three or four together, convex-plane, flesh-colour, 4 a line diameter or less, erumpent; margin very slightly elevated or not at all; substance fleshy or rather tough; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, attenuated a little towards each end, straight or a little curved, 830—35 xX 10—12u (Cooke in litt.). Dermatea dryvna—Cooke, “ Grevillea,” vii. p. 62. On oak bark. Cups 3 a line broad at most; sporidia larger than in D. carpinea. Name—6pie, oak ; found on oak. Near Hereford! (Mr. M. C. Cooke). (b) Sporidia becoming pseudo-septate. 4. Dermatea livida. (B. and Br.) Minute, gregarious, often crowded, subhemispherical sessile olivaceous yellow; hymenium plane, margin © ese eet) * moenacte — DERMATEA. 341 whitish, externally minutely silky; asci subfusiform or clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or elliptic, with 3 to 4 distinct euttee, at length 1 to 3 pseudo-septate, 22—25 x du. Patellaria livida—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 775; Cooke’s “ Handbk.,” No. 2167. Patellarva constipata—Blox., MSS.; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2176. Exs.—Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” No. 578. On fallen firs. December. Cups + to $a line broad; greyish-white when dry. Name—Lividus, of a pale lead-colour. Gopsal Park, Leicestershire! (Messrs. Berkeley and Broome). 5. Dermatea Cerasr. (Pers.) Solitary or subeczespitose, erumpent, at first tuber- culate, reddish clay-colour, then plane, blackish, with an elevated, subrepand margin, irregular; exterior rugose, sometimes sprinkled with a greenish meal; hymenium brownish or blackish; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, narrowly oblong, straight or slightly bent, becoming pseudo-uniseptate, 20 X 5u; paraphyses filiform, adherent, brown at the apices. Pyenidia intermixed with the above or separate, conical, coriaceous, furfuraceous, opening by a minute pore; stylospores narrowly fusiform, elongated, curved or flexuous, 3 to 5-septate, 40 x 2—3n; sterigmata fili- form, 20u long. Spermogonia smaller than the pycnidia; spermatia filiform, curved, 13 to 164; sterigmata filiform, branched, very short. Peziza Cerasi—Pers., “Tent. Disp. Meth.,” p. 35; oyn. Bung. p2,61d;, “Myco.:Har.,” ‘i. po 329-7“ leon. Pict.,” t. 20, f. 1; Grev., “Flo. Edin.,” p. 246. Cenangiwm Cerasi—F ries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 180; “Eng. Flo.,” v. 211; «Berk. “QOutl,” p. 374; Cooke; “Handbk.,” No. 2189; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 195. Dermatea Cerasi— De Not., “Disc.,” p. 18; Tul. “Select. F ung. Carp.,” iii. p. 156, t. 19, f. 18-16. 342 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Form Spermogonia, Spheria dubia—Pers., “ Icon. Pict.,” iv. p. 48, t. 20, f. 1. Exs—Berk. , No. 161; Moug., No. 494; Desm. , “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. 1. 665, ed. ii. 571; Rabh., “ Herb. Myco, ed. il. 517; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 421 ; Roumg,, “Stirpes,” 265; Ellis, mun. ah F ungi,” 989; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. 11. 659. On branches of wild cherry. Name—Cerasus, the genus to which the cherry belongs; inhabiting cherry. 6. Dermatea cinnamomea. (D. C.) Solitary or czespitose, sessile or substipitate; hyme- nium plane or convex, cinnamon-yellow, a little pul- verulent beneath ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, rounded at the ends, unequal-sided, 2 to 3-guttulate, at length 1 to 3 pseudo-septate, 20—30 x 8—10u; paraphyses fili- form, slender. (Plate X. fig. 65.) Pezza eonnamomea—D. C., “Flo. Fr.,” p. 23; Pers. “Myco. Eur.,” p. 268; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 77; Berk., “Ann. Nat. Hist.” No. 1928; “Grevillea,” x. p. 51. On maple bark. December. Name—Cinnamomum, cinnamon; from the colour. Leigh Woods, near Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). 7. Dermatea Houghtonir. Phil. Solitary, more frequently ceespitose, erumpent; cups at first globose, then turbinate, base often combined into a common stroma, dirty yellow, becoming brown; hyme- nium plane or convex, immarginate, pruinose ; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong- -elliptic, often un- equal-sided, ereenish hyaline, 3-guttulate, becoming 2 to #2 pseudo-septate, On; : paraphyses filiform, branched, Dermatea Houghtonii—Phil. in “ Grevillea,” vi. p. 24. Exs.—Phil. “Elv. Brit,” No. 144; Oooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 660. On dead brenches of Portugal laurel. Autumn. DERMATEA. 348 The cups break through transverse slits in the bark, forming elongated groups, arising from a common stroma; within they are cinnamon-yellow. Name—After the Rev. W. Houghton. Lilleshall, Salop! (Rev. W. Houghton). 8. Dermatea rhabarbarina. (Berk.) Minute, scattered, erumpent, plane or slightly convex, clothed with tawny meal; flesh rhubarb-colour; asci clavate, broad; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, with one or more large guttz, at length 1 to 2 pseudo-septate, 16—20 x 5—7u; paraphyses numerous, clavate, brown at the apices, adherent. Pexza rhabarbarina—Berk., “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 197. Patellaria rhabarbarina—Berk., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” Ma 280 peand! “iOuth,? ps 373e> Cooke,’ “Handbk.,” No. 2164. Pezicula rhabarbarina—Tul.,, “Select. Fung. Carp.,” 11. p. 183; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” 278. Peziza ardenensis—Mont., “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1836, p. 287, t. 13, f. 5. Helotwwm rubi—Sprée in Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” exs. 717. Pezicula Rose—Sacc., “ Myco. Ven. Sp.,” 1513. Lachnella rhabarbarvna—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” . 365. P Eixs.—Rav., No. 46; Berk., 271; Lib., No. 231; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” No. 717, nov. ed. No. 223; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” No. 2075; Phil. “Elv. Brit..” No. 91; Sacc., “Myco. Ven. Sp.,” No. 1513; Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 355; Winter, “Fungi Eur.,” 2122; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 656. On dead branches of the wild rose. The whole branch is sprinkled with minute scattered dots, resembling the shield of a Lichen, fixed by a single point into the bark, so that where they have been rubbed off a little hole is seen in the bark with raised edges, filled with the bright rhubarb-coloured flesh of the base of the cup, which can scarcely be called a stem. The disc is darker when dry, and quite flat, with a very narrow border; but when moistened it often becomes convex, and is then of an ochraceous hue, bordering on ferruginous (Berk., “ Eng. Flo.”). 344 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Rhabarbarum, another name for Rhewm, the genus to which rhubarb belongs. a King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Hencott, near Shrewsbury ! 9. Dermatea Fagi (nov. sp.). Erumpent, the orbicular or elliptic groups 1 to 8 lines across, splitting the epidermis; cups plane or slightly. convex, mostly immarginate, when moist orange-yellow, when dry ferruginous-yellow, pruinose, densely crowded on an evident stroma; stem when present stout, con- tinuous with the stroma; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, filled with coarsely grained protoplasm, sometimes becoming muriform, 18—23 x 9— 124; paraphyses slenderly filiform, abundant. Stylospores oblong-elliptic or elliptic, 1O—20 x 7—9n; produced on the surface of the stroma in tufts between the cups on clavate sporophores. On Fagus sylvatica. The cups are } to 4 a line broad. The conidia are produced in such a quantity as to form a pale stratum visible under a pocket lens. Iam not aware that they have been observed in any other species. Name—From the tree on which it grows. Kingcausie, near Aberdeen! 1886. Genus III.—CENANGIIM. Fries. Receptacle closely shut, at length more or less open, marginate, with a thick epidermis of a different colour ; hymenium even, persistent; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, oblong, fusiform or filiform. Pyenidia immersed, conical, unilocular; stylospores ovate or slenderly fusiform, (Plate X. fig. 66.) The receptacles are erumpent, sessile or subsessile ; their exterior coriaceous or membranaceous, the interior somewhat grumous. Pycnidia have not been observed © in all. ; CENANGIUM. 345 Name—x«evée, empty, adyyoe, a vessel ; from the hollow receptacle. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic. (a) Sporidia septate ‘ (b) Sporidia simple an oe oe i B. Sporidia oblong ae ‘4 c. Sporidia linear-fusiform or filiform Me 9 p. Sporidia clavate .. ie xe ae ie Kry TO THE SPECIES. Externally glabrous Externally more or less powdery se (Hymenium black, margined, substipitate: on birch Se: nearly black, scarcely margined, sub- ee stipitate oe ve ‘’YHymenium blackish -brown, margined, sessile Hymenium pale cinereous ; cree fimbriate, con- {| nivent, turbinate Hymenium whitish cinereous ; ; margin lacerated . Hymenium yellowish .. ne aa 2 Hymenium brown Hymenium black 2 . species seriatum. prunastre. subuitidum. Ribis. fuliginosum. phzxosporum. Fubi. 3 Externally rugose, powder reddish . ferruginosum. *\ Externally even, powder whitish pulveraceum. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. (a) Sporidia septate. 1. Cenangiwum prunastri. Fries. Czespitose, erumpent, substipitate or subcylindrical, united at the base into a common stroma, horny, smooth, blackish ; hymenium plane or slightly concave, nearly black, submarginate ; brown within ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 1-septate, 1O—13 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform, adherent, brown at the summits. Pycnidia associated on the same stroma with the above, awl-shaped, blackish, smooth, pierced for half their length with a cylindrical cell, opening at the summit ; stylospores fusiform, acute, curved, uniseptate, 15 x 2u. (Plate X. fig. 66). Cenangium prunastri—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 180 ; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 211; Berk., “ Outl,” p. 374; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2190. Peziza prunastri—Grev., “ Flo. 346 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Kdin.,” p. 425. Dermatea prunastri—Fries, “Sum. Veg. Scean.,” p. 362; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 267. Exs.—Berk., 162; Fckl, “F. Rh.,” 1126; Rehm, “ Aseo:,” 213. On branches of sloe. Name—Prunus, the genus to which the plum belongs. Port Hill, Shrewsbury! (b) Sporidia simple. 2. Cenangium pheosporum. Cooke. Scattered, erumpent, clove-brown, shortly stipitate ; externally rather delicately furfuraceous, attenuated downwards into the darker stem; margin a little in- curved ; hymenium nearly of the same colour ; asci elon- gated, clavate ; sporidia 8, uniseriate, smooth, clear brown, broadly elliptic, 12 x 8u; paraphyses thick, clavate, brown above. Cenangium pheosporum—Cooke in “ Grevillea,” xii. p. 44. On sycamore bark. About 4 a line broad. Name—gaidc, dusky, oT Opoc, seed. Exeter! (Mr. E. Parfitt). 3. Cenangium ferruginosum. Fries. Gregarious or ceespitose, subsessile, at first nearly globose, then subturbinate, coriaceo-membranaceous, rugose, coated with a reddish-brown powder, at first closed, then opening at the summit by an irregular aperture ; hymenium yellowish or olive-brown ; margin when dry inflexed; pale cinereous-white within; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic or elliptic-fusi- form, obtuse, colourless, 12 x 5u; paraphyses filiform, simple. Pycnidia associated on the same stroma with the above, small, conical; stylospores narrowly ovate, 9-—10 X 2—3u. Cenangium ferruginosum — Fries, in “Vet. Ak. Handl.,” 1818, p. 861; “Sys, Myco.,” ii. p. 187 ; “ Elench.,” CENANGIUM. 347 ii. p. 28; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 364; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 212; Grev., t. 197; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 374; Karst., “Symb.,” p. 255; “Myco. Fenn.,”’p. 220; Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” iii. p. 168; Fcekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 269; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2194; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 193. Peziza abietis—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 671. Exs.—Fries, “Scler.,” No. 292; Rabh., “ Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 508 (sub nom. Peziza prnicola); Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” 662; Moug., 399; Fekl, “F. Rh.,” 1122 ;-Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” 662, ed. 11. 195; Phil. “Elv. Brit.,” 44, Roumg., “ Stirpes,” 163. Name—Fferrugo, iron-rust ; from the colour. On branches of Pinus sylvestris. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Hencott Pool, Shrewsbury ! 4. Cenangium subnitidwum—Cooke and Phil. Gregarious, erumpent, turbinate, becoming patellate, blackish-brown ; hymenium marginate, depressed, then plane or convex, externally naked, opaque or somewhat shining; asci clavate-cylindrical; sporidia 8, narrowly elliptic, curved, biguttulate, pale amber-colour, 15 x 5; pyenidia conical or subspherical, often solitary; stylo- spores slenderly fusiform, curved, hyaline, 1O—15 x Ip. Cenangium subritidwm—Cooke and Phil. in “Gre- villea,” in. p. 186; “Scott. Nat.,” 1. (new ser.) 86. Exs.—Phil., “ Flv. Brit.,” No. 94. On dead fallen branches of alder. Dise }+ to 3 a line broad. Name—Sub, somewhat, nitidus, shining. Trefriw, North Wales! Forres! (Dr. Keith). B. SPORIDIA OBLONG. 5. Cenangium pulveraceum. (A. and 8.) Gregarious or crowded, stipitate, subglobose, then subhemispherical, blackish, clothed with a dense cinereous or whitish powder; hymenium concave, pallid-yellow; stem woody, blackish within; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, 5—8 X 24; paraphyses filiform, 348 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Peziza pulveracea—A. and &., p. 342, t. 8, f. 2; Pers., “ Myeco. Eur.,” p. 327. Cenangrum pulveracewum—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 181. On dead stems of holly. Name—Pulvis, dust ; powdery. Trefriw, North Wales! C. SPORIDIA LINEAR-FUSIFORM OR FILIFORM. 6. Cenangium fuliginosum. Fries. Gregarious or czespitose, crowded into broad patches, sessile or subsessile, erumpent, obovate, depressed at the summit and fibrillose-striate, coated with rusty powder, at length opening by a lacerated mouth, naked and fuliginous ; hymenium whitish cinereous, coriaceous-mem- branaceous ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, linear- fusiform, acute, straight or curved, 4 to 8-septate, 50— 70 X 2—3u ; paraphyses filiform, sometimes branched. Pycnidia associated_on the same stroma with the above, globose, smooth, blackish, at length opening by a pore at the summit; stylospores linear-fusiform, straight or curved, 3-septate, 20—30 x 2°5u. Cenangium fuliginosum—F ries, “ Elench.,” ii. p. 23; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 212; Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” ii1. 166, t. 20, f. 1-4; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 374; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2193. Scleroderris fuliginosa—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,;” . 216. ‘ Exs.—Moug., 889 ; Sommf., 191; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. 710; “Fung. Eur.,” 938; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 336. | Name—Fuligo, soot ; from the smoky colour. On branches of willow. Rockingham Forest (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). 7. Cenangium seriatum. Fries. Gregarious or cespitose, erumpent through narrow transverse cracks in the bark; cups globoso-depressed, at first closed, at length opening, horny, black, glabrous, arising, in company with the pycnidia and spermogonia, CENANGIUM. 349 in a linear series from a thin black stroma; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia 8, linear-lanceolate, acute at the ends, straight or curved, pseudo-multiseptate, 55—85 x 2—3u. Spermogonia in the form of minute depressed tubercles, discharging by an apical pore the filiform- lanceolate spermatia, which are curved, and about 15u long. Pyenidia minute, slenderly conical, discharg- ing by a minute apical pore the linear-lanceolate stylospores, which are acute at the ends, curved, and about 30 long. Cenangium seriatum—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 185 ; Duby, “Bot. Gall.” p. 736, No. 10. Peziza truncatula —Rebent., “Neom.,” p. 383. Dermatea seriata—Tul., “Select Fung. Carp.,” vol. iii. p. 160. Exs.—Mazerio, “Crypt. Gall.,” ed. i. fase. vii. (1829), No. 384; Lev. in Moug., “Stirp. Crypt.,” fase. xv. (1860), No. 1479. On Betula alba. The transverse cracks in the bark expose the linear series (4 to 1 inch long) composed of the chide forms, the ascigerous cups being rarest. Tulasne gives the sporidia as 35—45 x 3—4u; but in the Oxford specimen they are as given above. He says that long before the fruit can appear the linear series changes the natural colour of the white parchment-like bark to brown, and that underneath each (sorus) is a black linear ovate zone in the wood. Name—Serites, an order, a row; from the mode of growth. Oxtord ! (Mr. Baxter). D. SPORIDIA CLAVATE. 8. Cenangium Ribis. Fries. Ceespitose, at first spherical, then turbinate; stems connate, arising from a stroma-like tubercle, blackish- brown, nearly naked, at first closed, then opening with a fimbriate, connivent margin ; hymenium pale cinereous ; asci cylindrical, narrowed to an elongated base; sporidia 350 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 8, linear-clavate, obtuse at one end, acute at the other, at length 3 to 5-septate, 20—38 x 3:5—45u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Pyenidia separate or united, sessile, nearly globose, glabrous, becoming fulvous, when dry cinereous-black, rugose ; stylospores nearly elliptic or oblong-ovate, straight, with two large nuclei, colourless, 7—11 x 3'5— 4u; sterigmata subulate, simple, about 2u long. Peziza Ribesia—Pers., “Tent. Disp. Meth.,” p. 35; and “Syn. Fung.,” p. 672; A. and S., p. 344. Cenangiwm Ribis—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 179; “ EHlench,” 11. p. 21; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 364; Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” iii. p. 1638, t. 19, f. 1-9; Fekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 267; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 585; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2188. Tympanis Ribis—Wallr., “ Crypt. Flo.,” 11. p. 431. Scleroderris ribesia—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 215. Pyenidia: Spheria Ribesia—Link., “ Hand.,” ii. p. 376. Fuckelia Ribis—Bon., “ Diss. Myco.,” iv. p. 135. Exs.—Schm., exs. No. 75; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. 1. 2013, ed. ii. 1613 ; Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” 929; Klotzsch., 345; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,”” 727; Sommf., 189; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 422. On currant twigs. Name—Ribes, the genus to which the currant belongs. » Thame (Dr. Ayres). 9. Cenangium Rubi. (Fries.) Innato-erumpent, scattered or czespitose, somewhat horny, smooth, nearly plane, black ; hymenium becoming paler; margin erect or incurved; asci clavate; sporidia 8, cylindraceo-clavate, 7—8 x 54; paraphyses filiform. Trochila Rubi—De Not., “Dise.,” p. 15. Haeipula Ruli—F ries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 190; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 296; Grev., t. 334; Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 400. Cenangium Rubi—Berk., “OutlL,” p. 874; “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1924; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2194. Mol- lisia atrata, var. Rwbi—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 202. Pyrenopeziza Rubi—Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 416; Sace., “ Mich.,” 1. p. 423. _— EE EEO TYMPANIS. 351 Exs.—Fries, “Scl. Suec.,” No. 101; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” 1964; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ii. 196; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 2021; Phil. “ Elv. Brit.,” 43; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 1266. On dead raspberry-stems, Common. A doubtful Cenangium. Name—Rubus, a genus of Rosacece ; from its habitat Church Stretton, Salop ! Genus IV.—Tympanis. Toda. Cespitose or scattered, stipitate or sessile, black, at first closed, then open, concave or plane, naked or rarely mealy, firm, horny ; sporidia 8 or innumerable. Secondary fruit—pycnidia, spermogonia, or stylospores. (Plate XI. fig. 67.) On dead wood. Name—ripravor, a drum. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia oblong-elliptic .. 3 .. species 1 B. Sporidia linear-fusiform .. a a Pe c. Sporidia very minute, innumerable a » 38 Key TO THE SPECIES. In linear series: on Khamnus Frangula_ .. -- Frangulz. Gregarions or solitary: on Ligustrum vulgare .. ligustrd. Scattered or czespitose: on Pinus sylvestris .. amphibola. Scattered or czspitose: on Larix EKuropxus .. laracina. Cespitose in elongated groups: on Cratxgus .. conspersa. Cezespitose in elongated groups: on Fraxinus .. Fraxini. Cespitose in rounded groups: on Sorbus aucuparia Aucupariz. Cespitose in rounded groups: on Alnus .. .. alnea. A. SPORIDIA OBLONG-ELLIPTIC. 1. Tympanis Frangule. Fries. Gregarious or in linear contiguous series, turbinate- truncate, blackish, subcoriaceous; hymenium plane, umber or olive-brown, when dry black; asci broadly cylindraceo-oblong, narrowed at the base; sporidia 4, oblong-elliptic, becoming 3 to 4-septate, 19—22 x 8; paraphyses filiform, slightly enlarged at the apices. “Pycnidia intermixed with the ahove, spheriaform, 3 y BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. opening by a minute pore; stylospores oblong-ovoid, straight or curved, 25 x 65.” ~ Tympanis Frangule—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 174; “ Hlench.,” ii. p. 18; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 400; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2183. Dermatea Frangule—Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” iii. p. 161; “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1853, t. 16, f. 1-8. Pezicula Frangule—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 279, t. 4, f.46. Dermatella Frangule—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 209. Exs.—Moug. and Nest., No. 887; Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” No. 47; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. No. 661; Fekl., “ F. Rh.,” No. 764. On Rhamnus frangula. Name—fFrangula, the specific name Rhamnus Frangula. Shere, Surrey ; Highgate, Middlesex (Dr. Cooke). B. SPORIDIA LINEAR-FUSIFORM. 2. Tympanis amphibola. (Mass.) Rarely subczespitose, generally scattered or solitary, at first closed and subspherical, then open and concave, at length plane, slightly marginate or convex and im- marginate, rugulose, black; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, fusiform, 3 to 5-septate, 14—20 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform, slender, simple or branched, slightly thickened at the apices. Spermogonia scattered, convex or subconical, minute ; spermatia oblong, simple, 3—5 x 1—l‘5u. Phragmophora amphibola—Mass., “ Framm.,” p. 18. Pexiza amphibola—Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 66; Karst., “Mon. Pez.,” p. 168; Cooke, “Grevillea,” i. p. 182. Tympanis amphibola—Karst., “ Symb.,” p. 252; “ Myeo. Fenn.,” p. 230. Scleroderris amphibola—Gill., “ Champ.,” p. 198. Kxs.—Karst., “ Fung. Fenn.,” p. 840; Winter, “Fungi Hur.,” 2960. On Pinus sylvestris. Name—appiPordoe, put round. TYMPANIS. 553 Near Shrewsbury! Found by Dr. Hall, locality un- known to me. C. SPORIDIA VERY MINUTE, INNUMERABLE, 3. Tympani laracina. (Fckl.) Cups scattered or czespitose, erumpent, sessile, totally black, horny; hymenium plane, margined; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia very minute, innumerable. Pyenidia rotund, closed, at length perforated, black, rugulose; stylospores long, filiform, slender, curved, flowing out in a yellow gelatinous mass. Cenangium Laracinum—Fckl, “Sys. Myco.,” p. 270; “ Grevillea,” 2, p. 187. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 145. On bark of Laria Huropeus. Name—Laria, the genus to which the larch belongs. Shrewsbury ! 4. Tympanis ligustri. Tul. Gregarious or solitary, erumpent, at first obtuse, then expanded into a marginate hymenium, substipitate, black, glabrous, between gelatinous and horny, pale within ; asci broadly cylindrical ; sporidia (?) innumer- able, very minute, ovate or ovate-oblong; paraphyses filiform, slender, numerous. Stylospores (conidia ?) diplodia-form, borne on filiform sporophores, intermixed with the asci and paraphyses. Tympanis ligustri—Tul., “ Select. Fung. Carp.,” 111. p. 154; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2187. Tympanis saligna —Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 176 (in part); B. and Br., mean. Mat. Een, No 56s, Berk. “ Outl,” t. 1, £10: Gill, “Champ.,” p. 197. Cenangium ligustri—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 268. Exs.—F ckl., “ F. Rh.,” No. 767; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” No. 229 ; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. 11. 461. On Ligustrum vulgare. Name—Ligustrwm, the generic name of the host- lant. | e Lucknam, Wiltshire (Messrs. Berkeley and Broome). 2A 304 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 5. Tympanis conspersa. Fries, Ceespitose, in round or elongated erumpent groups; cups substipitate, truncate-turbinate, black; hymenium plane or slightly concave, submarginate ; asci eylindraceo- clavate; sporidia (?) innumerable, extremely minute ; paraphyses filiform, slender, enlarged and brown at the apices, adherent. Spermogonia usually intermixed with the above, conical or obconical, black; spermatia very minute. (Plate XI. fig. 67.) Tympanis conspersa—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 175 ; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 211; Grev., t 338; Berk. “Out p. 374; Tul, “Ann. Se. Nat.,” xx. (1853) t. 16, f. 15, 16; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2186; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 226; Gill. “Champ.,” p. 197. Exs.—Fries, “ Sc]. Suec.,” Nos. 12 and 171; Berk., No. 160. On Pyrus, Crategus, ete. Name—Conspersus, sprinkled; distributed on the wood. Bagley Wood, near Oxford! (Mr, Baxter). 6. Tympanis Aucuparie. (Pers.) Czespitose, black, sprinkled with whitish meal, at first spherical, then elongated, somewhat cylindrical, arising from a common stroma, closed, at length open at the apex; hymenium concave, blackish, marginate ; asci clavate; sporidia innumerable, extremely minute ; para- physes filiform, slender, slightly enlarged at the summits, hrown, adherent. Spermogonia resembling the early stage of the above ; spermatia extremely minute, borne on slender branched sterigmata. Spheria Aucuparie—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 51; A. and S., p. 25. Cenangium Aucuparie—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 181; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 212; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2191. Peziza Aucuparve—Grev., “ Flo, Kdin.,” p. 426. ———————E———— TYMPANIS. 895 Exs.—Moug. and Nest., No. 789. On dead branches of mountain ash. Name—Aucuparia, the specific name of Pyrus aucuparia, on which it grows. Craiglockhart (Dr. Greville). 7. Tympanis Fraxint. (Schwz.) Ceespitose, in elongated erumpent groups; cups sub- sessile, turbinate-truncate, shining, black; hymenium plane, rugose, marginate; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia (?) innumerable, extremely minute; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza Fraxini—Schwz., “ Synop.,” No. 1262. Tym- panis Fraximi—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 174; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 210; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2185. Cenan- guum Fraxini—Tul.,, “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1853, p. 140. Exs.—Libert, No. 1029; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.” 1272. On branches of ash. Winter and spring. Name—F'raxinus, the generic name of the host- plant. Appin (Capt. Carmichae)). 8. Tympanis alnea. (Pers.) Cespitose, bursting through the bark in rounded groups, shortly stipitate, brownish-black, somewhat horny; hymenium plane or slightly concave, sub- marginate; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia (?) in- numerable, extremely minute; paraphyses filiform, slender, adherent, brown at the summits. Spermogonia intermixed with the above, subconical or oblong-ovate, opening by a minute pore. Spermatia extremely minute, born on slender branched sporo- phores. Pezriza alnea—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 673; “Myco Kur.,” p. 325. Tympanis alnea—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.” i1. p. 174; “Elench.,” p. 18; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 210; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No, 2184 (in part.) Cenangwwm alnewm— Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p. 271 (?). 356 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Exs.—Sommf., No. 191. On alder. Name—Alnus, the genus to which alder belongs. Appin ! Genus V.—CrRUMENULA. De Not., “ Disc.,” p. 9. Cups superficial, globose, dehiscing with a rounded, entire, or lacerated mouth, when dry closely pressed together; excipulum coriaceous, exceeding the thickish concave hymenium; asci from the slender base nearly cylindrical, 8-spored; paraphyses filiform; sporidia acicular, continuous or septate, delicate hyaline-yellow. (Plate XI. fig. 68.) Inhabiting branches of shrubs. Name—Crumena, a purse ; from its shape. KEY TO THE SPECIES. On vaccinium .. “ * Fs urceoliformis. On Calluna vulgaris: sporidia septate i= -. callunigena. On Calluna vulgaris: sporidia longer and not septate a - mn = oe .. rice. On Arbutus Uva-Ursi .. a ape - Ledi. 1. Crumenula urceoliformis. Karst. Scattered, generally solitary, erumpent, sessile or subsessile, nearly globose, blackish, brown-furfuraceous, becoming concentrically sulcate and naked, at first closed, then opening with a connivent mouth; disc pale cinereous ; asci cylindrical, narrowed at the base; sporidia 8, fili- form, 65 2; paraphyses filiform, forked at the apices. (Plate XI. fig. 68.) Peziza wreeoliformis—Karst., “Mon. Pez.” p. 172. Crumenula ureeoliformis—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 213 On dead stems of Vaccinium Vitis idea. Name—Urceolus, a little pitcher, forma, shape. Grantown, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). 2. Crumenula callunigena. Karst. Cups solitary, nearly globose, sessile, brownish-black, naked, striate, mouth connivent; asci cylindrical, with a i a Poe) ee ee CRUMENULA. By slender base; sporidia 8, filiform, very often attenuated at both ends, straight, colourless, simple or slenderly 3-septate, 40—60 xX 2°54; paraphyses crowded, apex slightly and unequally thickened. Pezriza callunigena—Karst., “Mon. Pez,” p. 171. Crumenula callunigena—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 251; “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 212. On branches of Calluna vulgaris. Autumn. Cups ‘6 mm. broad. I have found this abundantly on decaying branches of Calluna vulgaris, and the cups are invariably seated on a blackish-brown tapesium, re- minding one of Tapesia Rose (Pers.), to which it bears some resemblance. Name—Calluna, a genus of Hricacece, gigno, to bear. Near Clunbury, Salop! 3. Crumenula Erice. (Fries.) Solitary, sessile, coriaceo-membranaceous, brownish- black; externally rugose; mouth compressed, connivent ; asci cylindrical, narrowed at the base; sporidia 8, fili- form, 90 x 1:54; paraphyses filiform, slender. Pyenidia similar to the above; stylospores cylin- draceo-fusiform, curved, at length uniseptate, 16 x 2u. Cenangiuum Erice—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 188. Exs.—Phil., “Elv. Brit,” No. 194. Neither Rehm’s “ Asco.,” No. 466, nor Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 1445. On dead branches of Calluna vulgaris. Name—ZLrica, a genus of heaths; from its habitat. Hadnall, Salop ! 4, Crumenula Ledi. (A. and 8.) Scattered, superficial, sessile, at first closed, and nearly spherical, then depressed at the top, at length hemi- spherically collapsed, and opening with a broad mouth, rugulose, black; asci subcylindrical (sporidia not seen) ; paraphyses numerous, filiform. Peziza Ledi—A. and &., p. 343, t. 10, f.'7; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 114; Nees, f. 264; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. 358 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Hist.,” 160; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2080. Orumenula Ledi —Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 214. On Arbutus Uva-Ursi. September. Sessile, globose-hemispherical ; externally rugose, brownish-black ; mouth especially shining, greenish, covered with a compact powder; dise dingy. Glencoe, N.B. (Mr. Churchill Babington). Genus VI—EpuHetis. Fries, “Fung. Mexic.,” and “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 370. Perithecium (stroma) forming an effused crust; here and there tuberculate, tubercles dehiscing into cup-shaped excipula. (Plate XI. fig. 69.) Name t¢nXig, spots brought out by the sun, 1. Ephelis Rhinantha (nov. sp.). Cups at first tuberculate, crowded or gregarious, arising from an effused horny crust, at length expanding, patelliform, softish-waxy, black ; asci cylindraceo- clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, or clavate, 3-guttulate, 10 x 5u; paraphyses filiform, slightly enlarged at the apices. (Plate XI. fig. 69.) Rhytisma radicalis—Cooke, “Grevillea,” viii. p. 9 (the immature stage). On stems near the base, and roots, of Rhinanthus Crista gall. Autumn. The mature cups are about a } of a line broad, sessile, attached by a broadish base, externally rough, internally pale grey. Dr. Cooke finds stylospores which are elongated fusiform, tapering at the extremities to a slender point, with two or more septa, 70 x 5u. The general appearance is that of a black gouty swelling, the unexpanded cups somewhat like a Cucurbitaria. Name—Rhinanthus, the genus to which the yellow rattle belongs. Near Aberdeen (Mr. J. Taylor). Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith), Osmere, near Whitchurch, Salop ! . ew) Gr © PATELLARIA. Order VI.—PATELLARIACEZ. Fries (in part). Cups sessile, subcoriaceous or horny, glabrous, or- bicular, rarely closed at first, plane or slightly concave, black or dark-coloured (except P. pallida); asci eylin- draceo-clavate; sporidia 8, coloured or hyaline ; epiphytal. (Plate XI. figs. 70-72.) ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA. I. Patellaria. Fries. IIL. Laquearia. Fries. II. Heterospheria. Grev. KEY TO THE GENERA. Cups open from the first a .. Patellaria. Cups covered with a superior deciduous excipulum Laquearia. Cups at first closed, globose .. es we .. Heterospheria. Genus L—PATELLARIA. Fries. Excipulum between coriaceous and horny, naked, black, open from the first; disc punctiform, becoming oradually dilated, firm, acigerous, persistent. (Plate pan fig. 70.) ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic. (a) Coloured Bi oe ae .. species 1-3 (b) Hyaline, simple oe . ae ee (c) Hyaline, septate fs A nee B. Sporidia oblong or oblong- elliptic. (a) Hyaline, ‘simple ewe oe «'s et (b) Hyaline, septate .. ae i » 7-13 o. Sporidia subclavate. (a) Hyaline, septate .. en » 14-16 D. Sporidia fusiform or linear- fusiform. (a) Hyaline, simple ars et eo (6) Hyaline, septate .. ota oe » 19-21 E. Sporidia filiform Me a se EE Doubtful species .. 6 » 20, 24 Key TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium white re i ° -- atro-alba, Hymenium pallid ae ee oe : -. pallida. Hymenium citrine .. oe “ ee o- cttréna. Hymenium olivaceous oe .. olivacea. Hymenium eon sporidia large ee -. atrata. Hymenium black 2 ee ee Hymenium fuliginous or blackish-brown .. ole VS 360 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. (Margin entire; sporidia vermiform 2° Margin pale ; sporidia clavate or fusiform, medium size 1. Margin flexuous; sporidia minute, elliptic. | ‘Margin thin, compressed ; sporidia large, 3-septate I Margin thin, compressed; sporidia large, simple .. | Margin serrated; sporidia smaller, simple.. (Margin absent . 42 sé ais vermifera. macrospora. jlexella. compressa. connivens. rubro-tingens. 2 Sporidia brown _ ‘ Bloxami. 2. (Sporidia hyaline; cups seated ona | spot- like crust Lecideola. Sporidia hyaline; cups emerging through the bark subtectum. (Margin tumid; sporidia brown : lignyota., Margin crenulate ; sporidia hyaline, fusiform, large MaUrae Margin incurved ; sporidia hyaline, slender, small _litoralis. Margin entire; sporidia hyaline, elliptic, minute minutissima. 3. Margin entire; sporidia hyaline, oblong-fusiform, very large .. .. Lonciere. Margin obtuse ; sporidia hyaline, clavate, large .. clavispora. Margin vinous-purple; sporidia hyaline, fusiform Margin absent. wa On dead stems of Hi ypericum : " sporidia 3- -septate .. On dead oak: sporidia 4 to 5-septate A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. (a) Colowred, septate. 1. Patellaria lignyota. Fries. atro-vinosa, 4 Hyperici, proxima. Scattered or subgregarious, sessile, when dry horny, when moist softer, applanate, concave, then plane, grow- ing black; margin tumid, suberenulate ; hymenium when moist fuliginous; ascl clavate, obtuse ; sporidia 8, oblong- ovoid, brown, 1-septate, 10 x 4u; paraphyses filiform, adherent. Patellaria lignyota—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 150; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 579; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2177. Arthonia melaspermella—N yl. in “Flora,” 1855; Leighton, “ Lichen Flora,” ed. iii. p. 416. Exs—Rabh., “Myco. Eur.,” 1152; Phil. “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 146. On decorticated wood. Cups about } of a line broad. No visible thallus, and much resembling a Lecidea. Opinion will differ as to the alliance of this species, but for the present I prefer to retain it as a fungus. XY \ ie) PATELLARIA. S61 Name—Lignum, wood; from the habitat. Bomere Pool, near Shrewsbury! near London (Mr, F. Currey). Oakley Park, Cirencester; Braydon Pool, Gloucestershire (Mr, Joshua). 2. Patellaria Bloxami. Berk. Gregarious, sessile, applanate, plane or convex, black, flesh blackish-brown, when old immarginate; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, uniseptate, brown, 10—15 xX 5—8n; paraphyses numerous, filiform, adherent, slightly thickened and brown above. Patellaria Bloxami—Berk. in herb. Kew. On rotten wood. Cups about } to 4a line broad. When young it has a very narrow margin. Name—After the Rev. Andrew Bloxam, Rev. A. Bloxam, without locality ! 3. Patellarva olivacea. (Batsch.) Sessile, applanate, between fleshy and waxy; ex- ternally rugulose, olivaceous ; hymenium becoming black ; margin prominent, tumid, entire, becoming nearly yellow ; asci cylindrical ; sporidia 8, elliptic or slightly turbinate, polari-guttulate, bluish-green, 9—10 x 4—5u; paraphyses filiform, rather stout, septate, clavate at the summit. Pexza olivacea—Batsch, “ El.,” f. 51; Pers., “ Myco. Kur.,” p. 306; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 142; B. and Br., * Aim Nat. ist -Ne. 1077, t..02by £224 Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2174. Rhizina nigro-oliavacea—Curr., “Qinn. Trans.,” xxiv. p. 494, t. 51, f. 10-12. On rotten willow. “It runs over the wood in an irregular manner, like the thallus of a Peltidea. In its young state it is truly Peziza-like, and very beautiful” (B. and Br.). Sporidia 76 to 10u long. Name—Oliva, an olive; of an olive-green colour. Batheaston ! (C. E. Broome, Esq.). 362 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. (b) Hyaline, sumple. 4. Patellaria flexella. (Fries.) Immersed, compressed, minute, concave, subcoriaceous, variously flexuose, black ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic, 5 xX 2°5u; paraphyses adherent, black at the summit. Peziza flecella—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 152; “ Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 207; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2125. Exs.—Moug. and Nest., No. 1094; Roumg., “Stirpes,’ On dead wood, especially pine. Cups about 100 to 290u broad. This is usually re- garded by lichenologists as a Xylographa; but, until this and its allies are grouped on some more satisfactory basis, we retain it here. Name—Fleaxus, bowed; slightly bent. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (c) Hyaline, septate. 5. Patellaria minutissima (nov. sp.). Gregarious or scattered, very minute, sessile, when dry compressed, when moist expanded; externally blackish- brown; margin entire, incurved; hymenium fuliginous- brown; asci clavate or cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic, hyaline, 2 to 3-guttulate, at length 3-septate, 6 X 3u; paraphyses filiform, slightly enlarged at the bent apices. | On decayed wood. Cups about 300u broad; when dry somewhat im- mersed in the wood. Name—Minutus, minute; very minute. Near Shrewsbury ! B. SPORIDIA OBLONG OR OBLONG-ELLIPTIC. (a) Hyaline, simple. 6. Patellaria pallida. Berk. Gregarious, sessile, pallid, with a somewhat obtuse margin; sporidia biseriate, oblong, slightly curved; 12u long. Se) =n) ne) PATELLARIA. Patellaria pallida—Berk., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1831; “ Grevillea,” vii. p. 8. On smooth bark! (Rev. A. Bloxam). (b) Hyaline, septate. 7. Patellaria proxvma. B. and Br. Orbicular, shield-like, depressed, somewhat immersed, black; hymenium same colour or brown-black; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong, obtuse at the ends, slightly curved, 4 to 5-septate, 17—25 x 5—6u; paraphyses free, filiform, slender, branched. Patellaria proxvma—B, and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” We..965,'t::16; f)-18;. Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2170. P. parvula—Cooke, “ Handbk.,” 2178. Exs.—Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,’ No. 660; Phil. “Elv. Brit.,” No. 147. On dead oak. “Closely resembling P. atrata, but differing materi- ally in the fruit” (B. and Br.). Name—Proximus, nearest, next; from its approach- ing another species. Barking! (Berkeley and Broome). Shrewsbury! 8. Patellarva Hyperict. Phil. Gregarious, very minute, innate-sessile, applanate, immarginate, glabrous, blackish-brown; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, biseriate, oblong-elliptic, triseptate, 17—20 x 5—8u; paraphyses filiform. Patellaria Hyperici—Phil. in “ Grevillea,” x. p. 69. On dead stems of Hypericum. Cups 100 to 3800u broad, at first innate, then emerging. The sporidia of this species germinate freely within the ascus, thrusting the germ-tubes through the walls of the ascus; the free sporidia often present a germ-tube twice their length while yet in the hymenium. Name—Hypericum, a genus of Hypericacea ; growing on Hypericum. Shrewsbury ! 364 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 9. Patellaria compressa. (A. and 8.) Scattered or crowded, minute, innate, thin, blackish, when dry compressed, conchiform ; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 2 to 3-septate, straight or curved, 8—11 X 3:5u; paraphyses filiform, branched. Peziza compressa—aA. and §., p. 340; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 207; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2124. Dwrella compressa —Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” ili. t. 22, f. 8-14; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.,” 539; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 191¢ On dead wood. This approaches very near to Patellaria proxima, B, and Br., but the sporidia are not so large. Name—Compressus, pressed together; having the margin pressed together. Appin. 10. Patellaria lecideola. (Fries.) Sessile, minute, somewhat horny, concave, black, seated upon a cinereous spot-like crust; asci clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, pseudo-3-septate, I—16 X 4—5y; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza lecideola—Fries, “Obs. Myco.,” i. p. 166, t. 4, f.1; Karst., “Pez. et Ascob.,” p. 41; “Mon. Pez.,” p. 167; Nyl., “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 64. Patellaria lecideola—Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 234; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2179; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 191. Exs.—Fries, “Scl. Suec.,” 157; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 641. On dead wood. Karsten says poplar and birch. _ Name—Lecidea, a genus of lichens; like a small Lecidea. Shere, Surrey ! (Dr. Capron). 11. Patellaria Loniceree (nov. sp.). Gregarious, minute, sessile, subhemispherical, then partly expanded, black; hymenium concave, fuliginous ; margin incurved; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, elon- gate-oblong or oblong-fusiform, 6 to 7-guttulate, becoming PATELLARIA. 365 pseudo-6-septate, straight or curved, 25—45 x 4—7y; paraphyses filiform, slender. On dead wood of Loniera. Cups 300u broad. Name—Lonicera, the genus to which the honey- suckle belongs; on honeysuckle. Darnaway, N.B. ! 12. Patellaria connivens. (Fries.) Gregarious, minute, innate; hymenium depressed, black or rufescent; margin thin; when dry compressed and difformed; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, oblong- fusiform, 6 to 8-guttulate, at length pseudo-septate, 14—26 X 4—6u; paraphyses filiform, very slender, branched from the base, abundant. Pezza connivens—Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 151; NyL, “Pez. Fenn.,” p. 65; Karst “Mon. Pez.,” p. 167; Phil, and Plow., “Grevillea,” x. p. 69. Patellaria connivens— Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” 234. Exs.—Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 641. On dead wood of willow. Karsten says alder, poplar, and birch also. Cups about 500 to 800u broad. The wood is tinged from white to green on the spot where it grows. Name—Conniveo, to wink; from the closing up of the margin. Shrewsbury ! 13. Patellarva subtectum (nov. sp.). Cooke. Singly or in clusters, appearing first as black conical points emerging through the layers of bark, in which condition no fructification is seen; at length the conical points expand into lens-shaped or Lecidea-like dises, which are immarginate and black, about 1} of a line broad or less; substance soft and fragile; asci broadly clavate, narrowed into a slender stem; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 3 to 4-guttulate, at length 1 to 3-septate, 20—24 X 5—6u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Stylo- spores in the same hymenium, elongated, cylindrical, 5 to 366 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES, 8-guttulate, curved, on short sporopores seated amongs‘ the asci, 30—50 x 5p. On inner bark of Cistus laurifolius. June. ‘ Name—Swub, under, tectwm, roof; concealed by the ark. Royal Gardens, Kew ! (Dr. M. C. Cooke), C. SPORIDIA SUBCLAVATE, (a) Hyaline septate. 14, Patellaria atrata. (Hedw.) Subcoriaceous, patelliform, sessile, plane, black ; margin swollen; hymenium subpruinose ; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia subclavate, 5 to 7-septate, 35—46 x 6u; paraphyses filiform, adherent, black, and thickened at the apices. Lichen atratus—Hedw., “Mus. Frond.,” ii. p. 61, t. 21, f. a. Peziza patellaria—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 670; “ Myco. Eur.,” p. 306; D. C., “Flo. Fr.,” 11. p. 76; A. and §., p. 341; Nees, “Sys.,” f. 265. Peziza-atrata— Wahl. “Ups.,” p. 466; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 160; “Eng. Flo.” v. p. 208; Cooke, “ Handbk..” p. 716. Lecanidion atrwm—Rabh., “ Handb.,’ p. 342; Fcekl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 266; Pat., p. 31, f. 72. Exs.—Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 33; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” 1118; Phil, “Ely. Brit.” 90; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.” ed. ii. 194; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 828. On dead wood. Cups about 4 a line broad. Firm, orbicular; margin prominent. Name—Ater, black. King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Conway, North Wales! (Rev. W. A. Leighton). Trefriw, North Wales! Attingham, Shrewsbury ! 15. Patellaria clavispora. B. and Br. Scattered, sessile, when young nearly globose, when older expanding, plane, obtusely margined, rather irregular, pitch-brown; white within; asci cylindraceo- A a RT ea I PATELLARIA. 367 clavate; sporidia 8, clavate or clavate-fusiform; 3 to 6-septate; 30 X 5u; paraphyses filiform, the summits branched, moniliform, brown, somewhat adherent. (Plate XI. fig. 70.) ; Patellaria clavispora—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 774; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2166. On twigs of privet. Cups } to} aline broad. Externally like P. atrata, but differing in the asci, sporidia, and paraphyses. Name—Clava, a club, srdépog, seed; from the shape of the sporidia. Lucknam, Wiltshire ! 16. Patellaria macrospora. (Fckl.) Gregarious, minute, sessile, at first subhemispherical, then nearly plane, black, glabrous, margin cinereous ; asci clavate ; sporidia 8, clavate or fusiform, straight or curved, guttulate, becoming 3-septate, 15—20 x 2—3n; paraphyses filiform, branched, more or less adherent, summits subglobose, brown. Durella macrospora—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” 281. Pexriza nigro-punctata—Gerard. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,” 131. On oak-wood. Name—naxpéc, large, orépoc, seed; large-spored. North Wales! D. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM OR LINEAR-FUSIFORM. (a) Hyaline, simple. 17. Patellaria rubro-tingens. B. and Br. Contiguous, forming crust-like, elongated groups; cups minute, hemispherical, concave, black, rugose ; margin tinged with dark reddish-brown, serrated, in- curved; asci clavate; sporidia 8, narrowly fusiform, 3 to 4-guttulate, 8—14 x 2u; paraphyses filiform, rather stout. Patellaria rubro-tingens—B, and Br. in Herb. Berk. 868 BRITISH DISCOMYOCETES. On oak. Cup about 1 line broad, forming a continuous layer, but sometimes separate. Name—Ruber, red, tengo, to dye. Batheaston ! (Mr. C. E. Broome). 18. Patellaria litoralis. Phil. and Plow. Cups scattered or crowded, minute, black ; hymenium fuliginous-brown, concave; margin incurved, serrated ; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, linear-fusiform, 3 to 6-guttulate, straight or a little bent, 25 x 2u; paraphyses filiform, slender. Peziza (Mollisia) litoralis—Phil. and Plow., “ Gre- villea,” iv. p. 121, t. 62, fig. 4; Steven., “Myco. Scot.,” . 324, ‘i On dead wood washed up from the loch. Cups about 500 to 800 lines broad; externally granular. Name—ZJitus, the shore; found on the shore of the loch. Lynwilg, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). (b) Hyaline, septate. 19. Patellaria mawra—Phil. and Plow. Cups sessile, scattered, at first globose, becoming patellate, fuliginous-black ; margin raised, crenulate ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, narrowly elongate-fusi- form or subcylindrical, straight or curved, 30—38 x 5—6n; paraphyses filiform, summits hooked. Peziza (Mollisia) mawra—Phil. and Plow., “ Gre- villea,” iv. p. 122, t. 62, fi 3. On dead wood, Autumn. Cups about 4 a line broad. The margin is torn; the asci have a narrow elongated base, and the paraphyses are hooked or even curled at the summit. Name—Mawrus, a Moor; dusky-coloured. Dinmore, Herefordshire ! PATELLARIA. 369 20. Patellaria atro-vinosa. Blox. (not Berk. and Rav.). Gregarious or crowded, minute, round or of irregular outline, almost black, distinctly margined; margin vinous-purple ; asci elongate-clavate; sporidia 8, tinged with green, fusiform or linear-fusiform, pseudo-3-septate, straight or curved, 17—20 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform, slender, branched. Patellaria atro-vinosa—Blox., MS.; Curr., “ Linn. Trans,,” xxiv. p. 155, t..20, 1 31; B. and-Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,’ No. 10; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2171. On bark. Cups + to 4 a line broad. The disc is blackish- brown; the margin lighter brown, and somewhat pro- minent. Name—Ater, black, vinosus, colour of red wine. Gopsal, near Twycross! (Rev. A. Bloxam). 21. Patellaria atro-alba. Cooke. Gregarious or scattered, small, sessile, at length plane, black ; dise white; sporidia fusiform, 7-septate, hyaline. Cooke’s “ Handbk.,” No. 2168. On decorticated sticks. Variable in size, usually gregarious, but always small ; readily distinguished from its allies by the white disc ; sporidia broadly fusiform, ‘0013 inch (30u) long (Cooke). E. SPORIDIA FILIFORM. (a) Hyaline, septate. 22. Patellarva vermifera (nov. sp.). Scattered, sessile, very minute, cupulate, then patelli- form, black, glabrous; margin entire ; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, narrowly cylindrical, vermiform, multiguttu- late, 830—35 x 3u; paraphyses slenderly filiform, abun- dant, branched. On dead branches of decorticated holly. Cups about 500u broad. 2B 370 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Name—Vermis,a worm, fero, to bear; from the shape of the sporidia. Dolgelly, North Wales! Doubtful Species. 23. Patellaria citrina (Cheval.). B. and Br. Cups plane; externally pallid; hymenium lemon- coloured ; asci clavate ; sporidia filiform. Patellaria citrina—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 583; Berk., “Outl.,” p. 373. Ascobolus citrinus —Cheval., “Flo. En. Par.,” i. t.31; Cooke; “Handbk.>~ 2165. On rose-twigs lying in arunning stream. April. Our plant answers exactly in outward appearance to that of Chevallier, having a broad, flat, yellow hymenium, with a pale border. The asci are clavate, and contain long filiform sporidia. We suspect that these are what M. Chevallier calls asci, considering the included granules as sporidia, exactly as Madame Libert has done in Stictis Sesleri (B. and Br.). Penllergare, near Swansea (Mr. M. Mogeridge). The affinity of this species is somewhat doubtful, and there being but a single cup in Mr. Berkeley’s herbarium, it cannot be examined without the risk of destroying it. 24. Patellaria melazantha. Fries. Sessile, waxy, dry, patellate ; externally approaching black ; margin very entire; hymenium yellowish. Pezxza melazantha—F ries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 150. Patellaria melazantha—Fries, “Summa Veg. Sean.,” p. 366. Peziza melanotheyja—Fries in Cooke’s “ Handbk.,” No. 2123 (?). There is some confusion in Fries’s “Sys. Myco.” with regard to this name, the author having named two ditterent plants by it. Whether both have occurred in Britain is doubtful. HETEROSPH ARIA. 371 Genus IIL—HETEROSPHARIA. Grev. Perithecium sessile, globose-depressed, umbilicate above, at length open and irregularly torn, thin, cori- aceous, black ; dise thick, placentiform ; sporidia 8. Pyenidia similar to the above; stylospores slenderly fusiform, curved. (Plate XI. fig. 71.) Name—repoc, different, opaipa, a sphere; different from the normal Spheria. 1. Heterospheria patella (Tode). Grev. Erumpent, sessile, free, at first more or less olivaceous, at length black, even or striate; disc depressed, rarely open, dirty white, and then crowned with a toothed border; sporidia biseriate, oblong, rounded at the ends, slightly curved, mostly uniseptate, when mature tri- septate, 13—16 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform. Pyenidia similar to the above, and more generally found ; the stylospores slenderly fusiform, acute at both ends, 25—30 x 3:5u; sterigmata short, filiform, some- times branched. Asci and stylospores sometimes found associated on the same dise. (Plate XI. fig. 71.) Heterospheria Patella—Grev., t. 103; Fries, “Elench.,” ii, p. 1383; Berk., “Outl,” p. 379; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2275; Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” iii. p. 174, t. 18, f. 16-22 ; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 222; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 188. Spheria penetrans, a. patella—Tode, “ Fung. Meckl.,” ii. p. 45, f£. 121. Spheria patella—Pers., “Syn. Hung., p.- 76; Fries,“ Sys.-Myco.,”. i. p., 511. “Peziza fimbriata—Chaill., “See. Fr.” Peziza Chailletii—Pers., “Myco. Eur.” 1. p. 288. Phacidium patella—Fries, “Elench.,” ii. pp. 138, 134; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 291; Rabh., “Krypt. Flo.” i. p. 160. Tympanis patella—Wallr., “Crypt. Flo.,” p. 425. Exs.—Fries, “Scl. Suec.,” No. 369; Moug. and Nest., No. 485; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. 1. No. 215, and ed. ii. No. 415; Berk., 289; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. i, 46, 447; wees BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. “Fung. Eur.,” 839; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 930; Cooke. “Fung. Brit.,” 276. On dead herbaceous stems. Name—FPatella, a saucer. Common ! Genus ITI.—LAQUEARIA. Fries. Dise waxy, persistent, without any hypothecium, but covered with a horny, coriaceous, dimidiate, superior, deciduous excipulum ; mouth contracted (Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 373). (Plate XI. fig. 72.) Name—Laquear, a roof; from its peculiar form. 1. Laquearia spheralis. Fries. Erumpent, hemispherical, brown-black, urceolate ; mouth contracted, entire ; disc plane, black; asci oblong, sessile ; sporidia minute, oblong-elliptic, hyaline, simple. (Plate XI. fig. 72.) Laquearva spheralis—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 366; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 373; Fekl, “Symb. Myco.,” p 250; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2182. Stictis Spheralis— Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 194; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 213. Exs.—F ck, “ F. Rh.,” No. 2066. On dead, decorticated branches of the ash. Winter. Introduced entirely on the authority of Mr. Purton; I have seen no specimens (M. J. Berkeley, l. ¢.). Order VIIL—STICTEZ. Fries. Receptacle nearly obsolete, immersed in the matrix ; hymenium even, determinate, orbicular or elliptic, mar- gined by the matrix or a ring of its own; asci cylin- drical or clavate ; sporidia elliptic, fusiform or elongate- filiform. (Plates XI., XII. figs. 73-75.) The excipulum is reduced to a thin membranaceous layer, which is immersed in the matrix, and adnate to it. PROPOLIS. 873 In Propolis there is a thin subhymenial tissue, but in Schmitzomia and Stictis this is all but obsolete. Inhabiting dead bark, wood, herbaceous stems, ete. Name—From the typical genus. ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA. I. Propolis. Fries. Ill. Stictis. Fries, II. Schmitzomia. Fries. Kry TO THE GENERA. Hymenium immersed, at nee sporidia oblong or elliptic .. fF ve .. Propolis. Hymenium deeply immer sed ; sporidia elongate- filiform ae .. Schmitzomia. Hymenium deeply immersed ; " sporidia not filiform Stictis. Genus I—Propotis. Fries, “ Elench.,” p. 872. Hymenium irregular, immersed, waxy, plane, sur- rounded by an accessory margin; excipulum indistinct or absent; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 4 or 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic; paraphyses filiform, adherent. (Plate XI. fig. 73.) Excipulum membranaceous, immersed, adnate to the matrix, at length erumpent, and splitting in a stellate manner, the matrix often forming a second margin. The subhymenial tissue is more developed than in the two succeeding genera, and the hymenium is plane or con- cave, rarely if ever urceolate; asci clavate; sporidia elliptic or oblong-elliptic. On dead wood and bark. Name—Propolis, bee-glue, which the hymenium is like. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. A. Sporidia elliptic sre a oe .. species 1 B. Sporidia oblong itis we wie a » 2-4 c. Sporidia fusiform .. ae a ad eet. D. Sporidia cylindrical .. ae se oe ow OE Key TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium black nM i ee oe pyri. Hymenium greyish-green .. -. angulosa. Hymenium reddish; margin golden- yellow | ». chrysophea. 374 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Hymenium golden-yellow .. oe ce .. Lecanora. Hymenium whitish .. oe a6 ais Margin spurious; disc rosy-white .. an -- rhodoleuca. 1 {Margin laciniate; disc farinaceous-white .. -. versicolor. Margin laciniate; on rose-branches ie .. Rose. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. 1. Propolis Lecanora. (Schum.) Scattered, gregarious or confluent, erumpent, sur- rounded by the lacerated bark, at first closed, globose- depressed, then open, patelliform; the true margin fimbriate; hymenium golden-yellow, becoming brown ; flesh at first soft, at length firm ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, with one or two large gutte, 25 X 12u; paraphyses filiform, slightly en- larged at the apices, adhering in a yellow glutine. Pyenidia intermixed with the above, occupying the sides or summit of the same stroma, disc-shaped ; stylo- spores oblong or oblong-elliptic, straight or slghtly curved, issuing through the narrowly perforated epider- mis; sterigmata branched, rather stout. Pexza Lecanora—Schm. and Kunz., exs. 174. Stictis Lecanora—F ries, “Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 193; and “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 373; Wallr., “Flo. Germ.,” ii. p. 443; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1172; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2227. Peziza ocellata—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 667 ; and “Myco. Kur.,” 1. p. 313. Stictes ocellata—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 193; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 373; Tul., “Select. Fung. Carp.,” i. p. 128, t. 18, f. 1-11; Gill, “Champ.,” figure only. Propolis Lecanora and P. Populi —De Not., “ Disce.,” p. 10. Exs.—Schm. and Kunze, No. 174; Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. No. 869, and ed. ii. No. 69; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ed. ii. No. 519; “Fung. Eur.,” ii. No. 457, 787; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 555; Winter, “Fungi Eur.,” 2641; Kunz., “ Fung. Sel.,” 366. On various species of Salix, and on Populus. Dise about 4 a line broad, circular or oblong, sur- rounded by the torn bark, which forms a fringe. The colour is a reddish-yellow or dark brown. PROPOLIS. 3875 Name—Lecanora, a genus of lichens. Jedburgh (A. Jerdon), Oxford! (Baxter). B. SPORIDIA OBLONG. 2. Propolis pyra. (B. and Br.) Gregarious or confluent, erumpent, orbicular; hyme. nium plane or concave, black, surrounded by a laciniate margin ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, with 1 or 2 large guttz, slightly tinted brown, 15—20 x 8u; paraphyses filiform, slender, adherent ma dark purple gelatine. Stictis Lecanora (Schum.) var. pyri—B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1624, t. 11, f. 7; “ Grevillea,” v. p. 62. Exs.—Phil., “ Elv. Brit.,’” No. 148. On bark of pear-trees. Disc about 4a line broad. The sporidia are smaller than in S. Lecanora, the paraphyses slenderer, and the hymenial gelatine is purple, not yellow. Name—Pyrus, the genus to which the pear belongs. Shrewsbury ! Sutton Coldfield, Warwick ! (Mr. W. B Grove). 3. Propolis rhodoleuca. (Sommf.) At first immersed, then erumpent, ovate, plane, rosy- white, pruinose, yellow within, surrounded by a spurious margin; asci broadly clavate; sporidia 8, oblong or oblong-elliptic, often plane on one side, becoming 1-septate, 17—20 x 7—10y; paraphyses filiform, slender. Stictes rhodoleuca—Sommf., “ Lapp.,” p. 198; Fries, “Sys. Myco.” ; “EHlench.,” ii. p. 26. On cones of Pinus sylvestris. Cups 1 to 2 lines long. Much resembling P. versi- color, from which it differs little except in colour. Name—po6ov, a rose, AsuKde, white ; rose-white. In the late Mr. F. Currey’s herbarium, now at Kew! Var. Strobilina. (Desm.) Solitary or gregarious, angular, nearly circular or oblong, plane, white within; hymenium milk-white, 376 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. farinose, becoming spadiceous; asci clavate; sporidia 8, oblong, obtuse, slightly bent, with 2, 3, or even 4 guttz, 15 long. Stictis versicolor, Fries, var. Strobilana—Desm., “Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1842, p. 52. Exs.—Desm., “ Crypt. Fr.,” ed. i. No. 1816, and ed. ii. No. 716. On cones of Pinus sylvestris. Cups 4 a line broad ; when elongated they may be 1} lines long. Desmaziere remarks that there is no danger of con- founding this with P. rhodolewca, which has a rosy-white disc, is yellow within, and has didymus (uniseptate) sporidia; but the probability is that they are only condi- tions of the same plant, and in the estimation of some would both be regarded as not specifically distinct from P. versicolor. Name—Strobilos, a pine-cone. 4. Propolis versicolor. Fries. Immersed, suboblong, plane; margin spurious, laciniate ; hymenium at length farinaceous; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia oblong, rounded at the ends, slightly curved, with 2 or more gutta, 24—30 x 7—9u; para- physes filiform. (Plate XI. fig. 73.) Stictis Propolis versicolor—Fries, “ Sys. Myco.,” i. p. 198 ; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2230 ; Corda, “ Icon.,” ii. t. 15, f. 133. Propolis versicolor—Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 872; Gill, “ Champ.,” p. 182, c. i.; Pat., p. 30, f 70. Cryptomyces versicolor— Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 214. Propolis faginea (Schrad.)—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 244 Exs.—Fries, No. 276; Fckl., “F. Rh.,” 1109; Rav., “Fung. Am.,” 315, 316; Roumg., “Fung. Gal.” 1962; Cooke, “ Fung. Brit.,” ed. ii. 463, On pales, chips, sticks, ete. Fries names four varieties of this species, but, as no regard was paid by him to the sporidia, it would be vain to attempt any definition of these. PROPOLIS. 317 Name—Versicolor, changing colour. Common ! C. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM. 5. Propolis chrysophea. (Pers.) Scattered, erumpent, orbicular ; hymenium concave, reddish ; border rather thickened, golden yellow; asci cylindraceo-clavate or cylindrical ; sporidia 8, fusiform, simple, 9—11 x 2u; paraphyses filiform, slender, some- times branched in the upper part, and slightly thickened at the apices. Peziza chrysophea—Pers., “Syn. Fung.,” p. 674; “Teon. Pict.,” p. 17, t. 8, f. 1, 2. Stietis chrysophea— Pers., “Myco. Eur.,” p. 335; B. and Br., “Ann. Nat. fist. No, 966. t. 16, £19: Cooke, “Handbk.,”’ No. 2226. On wych-elm. About 3 to 2 of a line broad. Name—xpvode, gold, gaioc, dusky ; dingy golden. i Batheaston! (Mr. C. E. Broome in Berkeley’s herb., ew.) D. SPORIDIA CYLINDRICAL. 6. Propolis Rose. Fckl. Disc erumpent, nearly convex, white, size and form variable; asci cylindrical, stipitate; sporidia biseriate, cylindrical, bent, obtusely rounded at each end, 2 guttie, hyaline, 24—26 x 7—8u; paraphyses filiform, same length as the asci. Propolis Rose—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 254. Exs.—FckL, “ F. Rh.,” 1276. The sporidia in my specimen become 2 pseudo- septate; asci 118 x 12u. Fuckel regards Hwidia sac- charina, Fries, as the conidial stage of this species. On fallen branches of Rosa canina. Name—Rosa, the genus to which Rosa canina belongs; on which it is found. Trefriw, North Wales! 378 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 7. Propolis angulosa. Karst. Gregarious, immersed and innate in the parenchyma of the bark, primarily covered, then seated on the epidermis, at first tinted with a somewhat blue colour, erumpent, often encircled by four obtuse triangular lacine ; angular, or rarely angular or subrotund, plane ; hymenium greyish-green, mealy ; asci elongate-clavate ; sporidia 8, elongate, curved, somewhat yellowish-green, hyaline, 16—23 x 83—4u; paraphyses not very distinct. Propolis angulosa—Karst., “ Myco. Fenn.,” p. 244. On branches of Salva. About 4 to ? of a line broad. Name—Angulosus, angular. Trefriw, North Wales! Genus II.—Scumitzomia. Fries. Disc immersed, encircled by a dehiscent, substellate, distinct, suberose, friable ring ; asci cylindrical, slender elongated ; sporidia 8, filiform. (Plate XII. fig. 74.) The excipulum is reduced in this genus to a very thin membrane, which is wholly adnate to the matrix, at first closed, then open; the mouth encircled by a superficial, more or less persistent, usually white ring. The asci are very long and slender, splitting at their summits, allowing the still slenderer, nearly equally long, filiform sporidia to escape. S. Berkeleyana is sometimes superficial. Inhabiting dead wood, herbaceous stems, etc. Name—After J. Schmitz, and pvefa, a tribute of respect. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES, A. Hymenium blackish big . species 1, 2 B. Hymenium ochraceous or pallid .. ae =. a co. Hymenium testaceous or orange-yellow e p. Hymenium whitish or bluish-white gle » | fe Kry TO THE SPECIES. Margin laciniate, radiating .. is ve .. radiata, Margin entire, yellowish-green ee ee -- Derkeleyana. 1 Margin entire .. os ee a: ee es SCHMITZOMIA. 379 On clematis: minute .. <6 és ee .. atro-alba. 1, )On honeysuckle: larger... a ? .. annulata. *)On Arundo phragmites: sporidia multiseptate .. arundinacea. On pine-leaves or er ; Py .. nived. A. HYMENIUM BLACKISH. 1. Schmitzomia atro-alba (nov. sp.). Phil. and Plow. Scattered, orbicular, urceolate, at first closed, then open; margin entire, narrow, white, soon falling off; hymenium nearly black; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, filiform, 90 x lu; paraphyses filiform, slender. (Plate XII. fig. 74.) On clematis branches. About 30 to 60 broad. The small size and blackish dise separate it from other British species. Name—Ater, black, albus, white; from the black hymenium and white margin. Dinmore, Herefordshire ! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). 2. Schmitzomia Berkeleyana. (D. R. and Lév.) Scattered or somewhat scattered, erumpent, superficial, orbicular, nearly plane or patelliform, almost yellow- greenish, at length discoloured, growing pale or cinereous, pale or white within, pulverulent ; margin scarcely or not at all exserted, very entire; hymenium olivaceous or nearly black, also primarily farinose; asci cylindrical ; sporidia filiform, septate, 150—200 x 1‘5—2u; para- physes numerous, filiform. Stictis Berkeleyana—Dr. and Lév., “Flo. Alger.,” t. 89, f. 8; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 180. Schmitzomia deci- piens—Karst., “Symb.,” p. 253; “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 2+0. Exs.—Moug. and Nest., 1346. On dead stems of Artemisia vulgaris. North Wootton! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). Sandy Lane, Bristol! (Mr. C. Bucknall). B. HYMENIUM OCHRACEOUS OR PALLID. 3. Schmitzomia annulata. (Cooke and Phil.) Gregarious or scattered, orbicular, urceolate, margin snow-white, entire, annulate ; hymenium ochraceous or 380 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. pallid ; asci cylindrical, long ; sporidia filiform, somewhat flexuose, 160—180 xX 1u; paraphyses filiform, very slender. Stictis annulata—Cooke and Phil, “ Grevillea,” ix. as : On honeysuckle. Cup 300 to 500u broad ; asci 170 x Tu. Name—Annulatus, ringed. Oswestry, Salop! C. HYMENIUM TESTACEOUS OR ORANGE-YELLOW, 4. Schmitzonia radiata. (Linn.) Gregarious or scattered, immersed, urceolate, at first closed, then open; margin reflexed and divided into radiating obtuse laciniz ; hymenium testaceous or nearly orange-yellow ; asci cylindrical; sporidia 8, filiform, at length multiseptate, 150—250 x 25—3u; paraphyses numerous, filiform, slender. Lycoperdon radiatum—Linn., “Spec. Plant.” Sphero- bolus rosaceus—Tode, “ Fung. Meckl.,” 1. p. 44, t. 7, f. 58. Stictis radiata—Pers., “ Obs.,” ii. p. 73; “Syn. Fung.,” p. 674; “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 336; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 194; Wallr., “Flo. Germ.,” 11. p. 144; “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 213; Grev., t. 227; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2220; Gill., “Champ.,” p. 179. Peziza marginata—Sow., t. 16. Exs.—Berk., No. 70; Baxt., 80; Karst., “ Fung, Fenn.,” 769; Rehm, “ Asco.,” 122; Winter, “ Fungi Eur.,” 2735. On wood, twigs, ete. Name—Sadio, to shed beams; from the radiating margin. Appin (Capt. Carmichael). Near Manchester! (Mr. Brittain), D. HYMENIUM WHITISH OR BLUISH-WHITE. 5. Schmitzomia arundinacea. (Pers.) Scattered, immersed, orbicular, urceolate, at first closed, then open; margin prominent, entire or nearly entire, whitish pulverulent ; hymenium whitish or bluish- white ; asci cylindrical, very long; sporidia 8, filiform, STICTIS. 381 multiseptate, 230—240 x 15—2yu; paraphyses filiform, very slender. Stictis arundinacea—Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” 1. p. 336; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 195; “Summa Veg. Scan.,” p. 373; Gill, “Champ.,” p. 179. Stictis gramamum— Desm. (?). On Phalaris arundinacea, Linn. About 4 of a line broad. Name—Arundinacea, the specific name of the grass on which it is found. Towyn, North Wales! 6. Schmitzomia nivea. (Pers.) Scattered, immersed, at first covered by the whitened epidermis, which at length splits longitudinally and falls away, revealing the elliptic, pallid hymenium; asci cylindrical or cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, linear, thickened near one end, pointed, multinucleate, 100 x 3u; paraphyses filiform, slender, adherent. Stictis nivea—Pers., “ Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 339; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” ii. p. 196; Berk., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 167; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2223. Propolis nivea— Fries, “Summa Veg. Scan.,” 372. Schmitzomia nivea— De Not., “Disco.” 8. Naemacyclus prnastri—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” Nacht ii. p. 50. Exs.—Desm., No. 763; Moug. and Nest., No. 1095 ; Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” ii. 712 ; Rabh., “ Fung. Eur.,” 812; Peki, “Ri, FILO" 2Pait, “atv. “Brit.,” 149°: Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” ii. 661; Sacc., “Myco. Ven.,” 1200; “ Erb. Crit. Ital.” 11. 890; Roumg., “ Fung. Gal.,” 542. On pine-leaves. Common. Name—Niveus, snow-white. Near Shrewsbury ! Genus III.—Sricris. Pers. Dise orbicular, immersed, at first urceolate, closed, then open, marginate, persistent ; sporidia elliptic, oblong- elliptic, fusiform or linear, (Plate XII. fig. 75.) 382 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. As in the preceding genus, the excipulum is membra- naceous, adnate to the matrix, more or less immersed, orbicular or sometimes a little elongated, opening at the top, but mostly without the distinct, friable ring of the preceding ; sporidia elliptic, oblong-elliptic, fusiform or linear, often pseudo-septate. On dead wood, herbaceous stems, ete. Name—orixrée, pricked; like punctures in the wood. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES. ~ A. Sporidia elliptic .. a - .. species 1-3 B. Sporidia clavate .. ae at oe ome c. Sporidia fusiform .. a me at » 9-8 p. Sporidia doubtful .. a i ie ~ Kery TO THE SPECIES. Hymenium urceolate .. = F a ail (EE Hymenium somewhat superficial .. avd Ce Hymenium black: on grass .. P ee -+ graminum. |, /Hymenium greyish-black: on Cladonix .. .. lichenicola. *)Hymenium reddish-brown .. ie ‘fe -. punctiformis. Hymenium pallid or yellowish : rad 9 { Sporidia simple, fusiform .. oh o. .» Fagicola. "\Sporidia 3 to 5-septate Ae nr oe -- pallida. 3 tase some shade of brown .. oe i *\Hymenium blackish : on wood a 7 .. microstoma, Sporidia clavate _ at “! .. pteridina. 4 Sporidia fusiform; cups arranged in linear series _seréata. *)Sporidia fusiform; cups scattered, resembling an Hysterium .. “ “pe oe ba .. hysterioides. A. SPORIDIA ELLIPTIC. 1. Stictis lichenicola. Mont. Erumpent, between fleshy and waxy, cupuliform ; hymenium grey-black, nearly plane; margin obtuse, blackish, cinereous, cracking in a stellate manner; asci cylindrical; sporidia elliptic or obovate, with many cuttee, then septate or fenestrate. Stictis lichenicola—Mont., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1836, p. 281, t. 13, f. 3; Berk., “Ann. Nat. Hist.” No. 166; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2224; Phil. and Plow., “ Gre- villea,” iv. p. 123. On Cladonia pyaxidata. Mr. Berkeley expressed his doubt whether this was a STIOTIS. 383 true fungus many years ago, since which time little or no light has been thrown upon its affinity. Name— Lichen, a lichen, colo, to inhabit. Wareham (Rev. M. J. Berkeley). Isle of Skye (Mr. C. Babington). Ireland! 2. Stictis pallida. Pers. Scattered or gregarious, sometimes two or more coalescent, immersed, elliptic or circular; hymenium yellowish ; mouth at first connivent, then open; asci clavate; sporidia 8, elliptic or subclavate, hyaline, 3 to 5 pseudo-septate, 14—17 x 5—6yu; paraphyses filiform, slender, adherent. (Plate XII. fig. 75.) Stictis pallida—Pers., “Obs.,” ii. p. 74, t. 6, f. 7; “Myco. Eur.,” i. p. 388; Fries, “Sys. Myco.,” 11. p. 196; summa, Veo, Sean,” p. 3/3; “Eng. Wo v. p. 213; Karst., “Myco. Fenn.,” p. 243; Cooke, “Handbk.,” No. 2221; Pat. p. 212, f. 490. Cryptodiscus pallidus— Corda., “ Icon. Fung.,” ii. p. 37, t. 15, f. 129. Hixs.—Fries, “Sel. Suec.,” No. 275; Karst., “Fung. Fenn.,” 262. On decorticated wood. In an authentic specimen in Fries’s “Scl. Suec.,” No. 275, the receptacles are mostly elliptic, } to 4 a line long ; the wood immediately surrounding them is whitish. Name—Pallidus, pale. Appin (Carmichael). 3. Stictis microstoma. Carm. Very minute, punctiform, prominent, blackish, opening with a minute round or subelliptic orifice; asci cylin- draceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong-elliptic, 3-septate, hya- line, granular within, 13—15 x 3u; paraphyses filiform, branched. Stictis microstoma—Carm., “Eng. Flo.,” v. p. 218; Berk., “ Outl.,” p. 375; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2222. On wood. Scattered, at first nearly white, with a minute orifice, round which it gradually assumes a darker hue, and at 384 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. length, under a high magnifier, appears, when moist, of a subolivaceous black, resembling a minute Spheria (M. J. Berkeley). Mouth 200 to 400u broad; the dise when moistened is pale yellowish brown. Name—xpdc, small, ordéua, the mouth; from the small mouth. Appin (Capt. Carmichael). B. SPORIDIA CLAVATE. — 4, Stictis pteridina. Phil. and Buck. Scattered, slightly immersed, circular or elongated, irregular, open; hymenium pallid-brown, not deeply _ depressed ; margin membranaceous; asci broadly clavate ; sporidia 8, biseriate, clavate or clavate-fusiform, 6 to 7 times pseudo-septate or muriform, 28—44 x 5—9u; paraphyses filiform, adherent. Stictis pteridina—Phil. and Buck. in Bucknall’s “Fung. Bristol,” pt. vi. p. 5, t. 1, f. 6. On stems of Pteris aquilina. Name—Pteris, the genus of ferns on one of which it grows. Near Bristol ! (Mr. Cedric Bucknall). C. SPORIDIA FUSIFORM. 5. Stictis hysterioides. Desm. Immersed, closed, hysteriform, then erumpent, pro- minent, open, ovate-oblong or suborbicular; border brown-black, subgranulate ; hymenium waxy, tawny or rufus ; asci cylindraceo-clavate ; sporidia 8, oblong, obtuse or fusiform, with 4 gutte, 16 x 3—4u; paraphyses filiform. Stictis hysterioides—Desm., “ Ann. Se. Nat.,” 1843, p. 365; B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 314; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2225. Propolis hysterioides—Fckl., “Symb. Myco.,” p. 255. Exs.—Berk., No. 308; Moug. and Nest., No, 1242; Roumg., “ Stirpes,” 337. On dead leaves of Carices. STICTIS. 385 Name— Hysterium, a genus of fungi, edoc, likeness ; like a Hysteriwm. Thame (Dr. Ayres). Rudloe, Wiltshire (Mr. C. E. Broome). 6. Stictis seriata. Lib. Innate, punctiform, orbicular, plane or but slightly concave, disposed in approximate series, rubro-fuscous ; asci linear-fusiform or subclavate ; sporidia minute, oblong or fusiform (?); paraphyses filiform, slender, ad- herent. Stictis seriata—Lib., “ Crypt. Ard.,” fase. i. No. 233; Phil. and Plow., “ Grevillea,” lv. p. 933, Nevia seriata —Hekl, “ Symb. Myco.,” p. 249. Exs.—Lib., Loe el, OF Bh 16s > Pil nly. Brit.,” No. 100; Rabh., “Fung. Eur.,” 1710 and 1909. On Carex ampullacea. Receptacles about 150 to 200u, covering the leaves on the under side. This species is easily recognized, but after repeated searches Iam not able to detect the sporidia. Fuckel says, “ sporidia 6 to 8, globosa, minuta, hyalina includentibus.” The asci are about 250 x 6p. I am not sure that it should remain amongst the Sticter; it is very near Phacidiwm. Name—Serves, a row; from growing in a row. Forres, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith), 7. Strctis Fagicola (nov. sp.). Gregarious or scattered, immersed, urceolate, yellow ; mouth connivent, nearly round or somewhat elliptic, surrounded by a spurious border of the same colour; asci cylindrical, slender; sporidia 8, fusiform, straight, simple, 8 x 2u; par aphyses filiform, globose at the apices. On beech—fallen, dead, decorticated branches. About + to} a line broad. Exactly resembling ex- ternally tie next species, but having different asci, sporidia, and paraphyses. Name—Fagus, the beech, colo, to inhabit. Ellesmere, Salop! 2C 386 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. 8. Stictis punctiformis. Pers. Gregarious, minute, immersed, urceolate, suborbicular ; hymenium reddish-brown or fuliginous; mouth con- nivent, surrounded by a border of the same colour; asci cylindraceo-clavate; sporidia 8, fusiform, simple; para- physes filiform, globose at the apices. Stictis punctiformis—Pers. in Gay’s collection in Kew Herbarium, named by Persoon himself, with which the English specimen has been compared. - On dead willow-wood. Cups 100 to 500u broad. Very similar to S. Fagicola, but the sporidia are simple, and the paraphyses are globose at the apices. Name—Punctum, a point, forma, shape. _ King’s Lynn! (Mr. C. B. Plowright). _D. SPORIDIA DOUBTFUL. 9. Stictis graminum. Desm, Orbicular, scattered, small, deeply excavated; disc black; margin prominent, clad with a white meal, nearly entire; asci elongated; sporidia (very minute, globose). Stictis grammmum—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,’ exs. No. 1071; “Ann. Sc. Nat.” (1840), xiii. 185; B. andere “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” 1328; Fekl., “Sys. Myco.,” p. 250; “Grevillea,” i p. 132;. Gill, “Champ.” py, 179; Bae p. 80, f. 69 (?). Exs.—Desm., “Crypt. Fr.,” 1071; Fekl., “F. Rh.,” 1106. On Carex paniculata. June. Desmazieres describes the sporidia as “ very minute, elobose ;” Fuckel as “filiform, as long as the ascus.” Not having seen the British plant, we cannot determine the form of sporidia (Cooke, J. ¢.). Rejected Species. Stictis parallela, Fries, is a Xylographa (vide Leighton’s “ Lichen Flora of Great Britain ”). Stictis longa, Fries, is a X ylographa. PHACIDIUM. . 387 Order VIII.—PHACIDIACEZ, Receptacle immersed, more or less coriaceous ; hyme- nium at first covered, at length exposed by the “regular or irregular fissure of the outer covering. (Plate xy. figs. 76— -78.) Name—From the typical genus Phacidiwm. ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA. I. Phacidium. Fries. III. Stegia. Fries. II. Trochila. Fries. Key TO THE GENERA. Hymenium becoming exposed by the epidermis of the matrix splitting from the centre into lacinie Phacidium. Hymenium becoming exposed by splitting at the summit irregularly .. . Trochila. Hymenium becoming exposed by the falling off of a horizontal operculum re a a .. Stegia. Genus I—PuHAacipium. Fries. Perithecium orbicular, flattened, subdimidiate, de- hiscing from the centre into laciniz, distinct from the placentiform disc. (Plate XII. fig. 76.) The perithecium is covered by the epidermis of the matrix; the hymenium is mostly dark-coloured, lining the base of the perithecium. On leaves and bark. Name—dgakée, a lentil, s?doc, resemblance; shaped like a lentil. ARRANGEMENT OF THE SPECIES, A. Sporidia elliptic or ellie. (a) Brown : ae - species 1 (b) Hyaline = : ae ss, + e-0 B. Sporidia fusiform or subfusiform ae » 1-10 c. Sporidia filiform or subfiliform .. ag 5 21-16 Kry TO THE SPECIES. On trees and shrubs aS Ay =e “8 On herbaceous plants. . os ee ee oe eeeicere * = wi <“s he an 1 On the leaves .. 9 DD He et 388 BRITISH DISCOMYCETES. Hymenium brownish or cinereous: on Rubus .._ striatum. 2.(Hymenium pale fuliginous: on Pinus ee on, Pine. | menim straw-coloured: on Vaccinium... .- leptidewm. Hymeninm dirty-yellow: on Quercus oa .. dentatum. Hymenium pallid, livid, or yellowish: on Quercus coronatum. Hymenium whitish: on Rubus = ais -- Rubi. Hymenium whitish : on Ilex ee oe -- Llicis. 3. Nose %2¢ Rehm, “ Asco.,” No. 418. On decorticated branches of Salia awrita. Cups about $ a line broad ; consistence dry and firm ; hairs red and granular. [Its place is next to L. papillaris, . 257. ] ; Name—Flammea, a flame; from the colour. Aviemore, N.B.! (Rev. Dr. Keith). Callorva retrusa. (Phil. and Plow.) Minute, scattered, at first concealed by the epidermis, then erumpent, sessile, hemispherical or oblong, straw- coloured, smooth; asci clavate; sporidia 8, biseriate, oblong-elliptic, 17—19 x 5u; paraphyses not seen. 408 ADDENDA. _ Peziza (Mollisia) retruwsa—Phil. and Plow. in “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 122, t. 62, f. 6. Exs.—Phil,, “ Elv. Brit.,” No. 126. On larch-leaves. May. When dry this is found with difficulty, being con- tracted and concealed under a kind of lid formed of the ruptured epidermis, but when moist it is sufficiently con- spicuous under a pocket-lens. Name—Retrusus, hidden. Trefriw, North Wales! Position doubtful. Pezza Browniana. Blox. Cups hemispherical, sessile, horny; margin paler, ciliate ; disc pallid; sporidia shortly fusiform, hyaline. Peziza Browwiana—Blox. in B. and Br.’s Notices, “Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 1072; Cooke’s “ Handbk.,” No. 2102. On dead stems of Epilobium hirsutum. Twyeross. Allied to P. lacustris. The sporidia are (00045 in.) ‘011 mm. long. The colour is paler ; and, when perfect, the ciliated margin, which consists of delicate, flexuous, more or less interwoven hairs, is characteristic (M. J. Berkeley). The presence of delicate, flexuous hairs on the margin appears to ally this to Lachnella, but it is said to be allied to Peziza lacustris, Fries, which has no hairs, Rejected species. Pezza (Tapesia) Blocami—B. and Br., “ Ann. Nat. Hist.,” No. 566 ; Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2071. No asci can be found in this, nor in a specimen found by me in North Wales. | Pexrza (Dasyscypha) friabilis—Phil. and Plow. in “ Grevillea,” iv. p. 121. This turns out to be a very abnormal form of a Schmitzomia, which quite misled me. Peziza hispidula, Schrad.—Cooke, “ Handbk.,” No. 2044, ADDENDA. 409 So far as British specimens under this name that I have seen are concerned, they prove to belong to the genus Hacipula, Fries. Pezza Scirpi—Rabh., “Herb. Myco.,” No. 730; Phil, “Elv. Brit,” No. 188; Cooke, “Fung. Brit.,” No. 375. [This should have been given as a synonym under Belonidiwm lacustre (Fries), p. 149.) — ~~ oe GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Abbreviated, suddenly shortened. A cerose, linear and sharp-pointed, like a needle, Acicular, needle-shaped. Acuminate, coming gradually to a point. Adherent, sticking together. Adnate, attached, adhering by growth. Adpressed, pressed together. Aruginous, verdigris-green colour. Agglutinate, glued together. Aggregate, crowded together. Alutaceous, tan-colour or buff. Amethyst, bluish-violet colour. Anastomosing, uniting in a network. Annulate, ringed. Apiculate, terminating in a sharp but short point. Apothecitum, the organ of fructification which bears the asci, or hymenium, otherwise called the cup or the receptacle. Applanate, flattened out or horizontally expanded. Areole, spaces distinctly marked out on a surface; small cells or cavities. Areolate, covered with areole. Argillaceous, clay-colour, light brownish ash-colour. Articulate, jointed. Ascending, attaining a vertical position. Asct, cells containing the sporidia; otherwise called thece. Ascigerous, furnished with asci. Ascus, singular of Ascz. Attenuated, tapered, gradually diminished in size. Aurantiacus, pale orange-colour. Bay, reddish-brown, inclining to chestnut-colour. i- (from the Latin bis, twice), a prefix denoting twice or double; as biseriate, in a double series. Biguttulate, furnished with two guttule or drops. 412 GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Bistre, or Bister, blackish-brown. Bullate, blistered, rising into convex prominences. Byssotd, like fine flax or cotton wool ; of a finely filamentous structure. Cespitose, growing in tufts, crowded into turf-like patches. Campanulate, bell-shaped. Capitulum, a little head. Carbonaceous, black like charcoal, hard and black as if charred. Caulicolee, growing on herbaceous stems. Cellular-tissue, tissue composed of cells. Cellulose, furnished with little cells; in its more restricted meaning it indicates the substance of which the cell-wall is composed. Celluloso-plicate, folded so as to form small cells. Cilia, plural of ciliwm, an eyelash. Ciliated, furnished with cilia, fringed with hairs. Cinereous, or Cinereus, ash-colour, intermediate tint between black and white. Cinnabarine, scarlet tinged with yellow, vermilion. Cinnamomeus, of a bright brown colour. Cinnamon, a bright brown, the colour of cinnamon bark. Circinate, rolled inwards from the summit towards the base like a crozier. Citron-colour, pure yellow, lemon-coloured. Clavate, club-shaped. Clove-brown, dark brown, the colour of cloves—the dried flower-buds of Caryophyllus. Cochleate, shaped like a snail-shell. Collapsing, falling together, as of the sides of a hollow vessel. Compressed, pressed or squeezed together. Concatenate, linked together, united in a continuous series. Concentrate, to bring to a common centre. Concentric, having a common centre. Concolorous, of one colour, similar in colour. Concrete, growing together, several parts united so as to form a solid body. Confluent, merging into each other, flowing together. Congregate, collected together in close proximity. Conical, cone-shaped; in the form of a solid figure having a circular base, and its top terminating in a point. Conidia, minute cells produced by abstriction at the ends of filamentous cells. Conidiiferous, bearing conidia. Connate, growing together, growing from one base. Connivent, arching over to meet. Constricted, drawn together, bound, contracted. Contiguous, one part touching another. Continuous, one part passing into another without any break, some- times indicating an elongated cell without any septum, GLOSSARY OF TERMS. 413 Oontorted, twisted together, twisted out of its ordinary form. Convex, rounded on the outer surface, Coriaceous, of a leathery consistence. Corky, of a corky consistence. Corrugated, wrinkled. Cortex, rind or bark. Costate, ribbed. Crenate, notched, any edge cut into rounded divisions. Crenulate, notched, indented on the edge. Cribrose, resembling a sieve or riddle, pierced with numerous holes, pitted. Crisped, curled, uneven with waving lines, Crowded, pressed together. Cruciate, having the form of a cross. Cruciform, same as Cruciate. Cup, the receptacle of fructification in the Discomycetes ; by some called the Apothecium. Cupulate, cup-shaped, formed like a little cup, slightly concave. Cupuliform. See Cupulate. Cya hiform, cup-shaped, but more deeply concave than Cupulate implies. Cylindraceo-clavate, intermediate in shape between cylindrical and clavate. Cylindrical, long, circular, and of equal diameter throughout. Cymbiform, boat-shaped. Cyst, a cell or cavity. Deciduous, falling off. Decurrent, running down. Deflexed, bending downwards, bending outwards and downwards; the opposite of Jnflexed. Deformed, disfigured, distorted. Dehiscing (dehisco, to gape), bursting open, splitting. Dentate, toothed. Denticulate, furnished with small teeth. Depressed, pressed down or flattened; sometimes it means somewhat sunk into a concave form. Diaphanous, transparent, pellucid. Difformed, irregular in form, not uniform. Dilated, expanded and flattened out. Diluted, washy, pale, faint-coloured. Dimidiate, serni-orbicular. Disc, or Disk, the upper surface of a cup-shaped or plate-shaped receptacle bearing the fructification ; generaliy synonymous with Hymenium. Disciform, shaped like a discus, or quoit. See Discoid. Discoid, round and flat like a coin. Discoloured, ap} ering to have lost its colour, stained. 414 GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Distinct, well marked, not to be confounded with another. Down, fine soft pubescence on the surface of anything. Echinulate, beset with short spines. Effused, spread out over the matrix, spread into a thin layer. Eguttulate, without drops. Ejected, thrown out, thrust out with force. Ellipsoid. See Elliptic. Elliptic, having the form of an ellipse, an oval rounded at the ends. Elongated, lengthened out. Lndochrome, protoplasm of cells, cell-contents. Entire, not divided into parts, continuous, Epiphyllous, growing on a leaf. Epiphytal, living upon other plants. Epispore, the outer cell-wall of a spore. Equal, of the same dimensions, not lop-sided. Erose, gnawed, as if bitten irregularly. Er umpent, bursting through the surface of the matrix in which it was embedded. Evanescent, soon vanishing. Kacavated, hollowed out into a cavity. Excipulum, external layer of a cup, or a perithecium, sometimes a as a synonym for Receptacle, which see. Expanded, spread out, becoming less concave, as when a cup which is at first nearly closed, assumes a saucer-form. Exserted, thrust out, protruding beyond the surface, Farinaceous, mealy, covered with particles resembling meal. Farinose. See Farinaceous. Fascicle, a little bundle. Lasciculate, where several similar parts originate at the same spot, and so form a bundle. Fastigiate, when all the parts are nearly parallel, each pointing upwards. Fawn-colour, the colour of a young deer. Fenestrate, divided into compartments like a window. Ferruginous, the colour of rusty iron, reddish-brown. fibril, a fine fibre or filament, hair-like appendage. Fibrillose, furnished with fibrils, clothed with little loose fibres, Filiform, thread-shape, cylindrical and slender like a thread. Fimbriate, fringed. Listulose, hollow like a pipe. Flattened, pressed down, as when a sphere is depressed, or a cylindrical body has its opposite sides brought closer together. Fleshy, of the consistence of flesh. Flexuose, bending gently to and fro in opposite directions. Flocci, fine threads like wool. Floccose, furnished with a wool-like covering, resembling a flock of woul, GLOSSARY OF TERMS. 415 Flocculose, minutely woolly. See £loccose. Forked, separating into two distinct branches which are more or less apart. Fragile, easily broken, frail. Friable, easily crumbled, easily reduced to powder. Fugaceous, flying or fleeting away, soon falling away. Fuliginous, sooty-brown, brown verging on black. Fulvous, tawny, the colour of a lion. Furfuraceous, coated with bran-like particles. Fuscescent, tending to become fuscous or brown. Fuscous, or Fuscus, brown with a grey tinge. Fusiform, spindle-shape. Fuso-filiform, between fusiform and thread-shaped, very slenderly fusiform. Fusoid, spindle-shaped. Gelatine, the jelly-like fluid secreted by many fungi. Gelatinous, having the consistence of jelly. Glabrous, a surface wholly destitute of pubescence. Glaucous, sea-green, dull green with a whitish-blue lustre, Globose, nearly spherical. Globulose, same as globose. Granulate, Granulose, covered with small grain-like tubercles, made up of, or filled with, minute grains. Gregarious, growing in company like a flock of sheep, not solitary. Grumous, clotted, in clustered grains. Guttate, Guttulate, furnished with one or more spherical drops; synonym for nucleate. As nucleus has now a special meaning, it has been considered better in this work to adopt the word gutta, gutte, and guttulate, instead of nucleus, nuclei, and nucleate in describing sporidia. Gyrose, folded and waved, or marked with wavy lines, Hemispherical, resembling half a sphere or globe. Hirsute, hairy. Hispid, furnished with rigid hairs. Horny, of the consistence of horn. Hyaline, more or less transparent like glass. Hymenium, the layer composed of the asci and paraphyses, the disc. Hypha, pl. Hyphce, the mycelial thread or threads from which the fungus arises. Hypocrateriform, formed like a goblet, the shape of a cylindrical cup the margin of which turns outward. Hypophylious, s2ated on the under side of a leaf. Hypothecium, the cellular tissue immediately beneath the hymenium, often called the subhymenial tissue. Hysterieform, resembling an Hysteriwm, in the form of a long narrow ridge opening by a longitudinal slit at the top. 416 GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Immarginate, without a distinct margin. Immersed, originating beneath the surface of the matrix, or beneath the soil. Incised, cut. Incrassated, thickened. Indeterminate, undefined, without any distinct boundary. Inflated, swollen like a bladder, puffed out. Infleced, curved or bent inwards. Infundibuliform, funnel-shaped, a tube below and gradually enlarging upwards. © Innate, born within, originating within the matrix or within the sub- stance of the plant. Innato-sessile, the base of the receptacle beneath the surface of the matrix, without a stem and somewhat immersed. Involute, rolled inwards; applied to the margin of the cup when it is rolled inwards. Jrregular, not in a uniform line or circle, unsymmetrical. Lacerated, torn. Laciniate, fringed. Lacunose, having little cavities, pitted. Lanceolate, shaped like the head of a spear, narrow and tapering at each end. Lateritious, of a brick-red colour. Lentiform, lens-shaped. Linear, in a line, where the sides of a spore or other cell are parallel, and the length considerably longer than the breadth. Livid, pale bluish or leaden grey. Lobate, Lobed, divided into lobes. Lurid, of a dingy brown. Inutescent, yellowish, pale yellow. Luteus, yellow, like the flowers of woad (Isatis tinctoria). Marginate, having a distinct margin. Matrix, anything on which a fungus grows. Mealy, covered with a scurfy powder. Membranaceous, thin, and more or less transparent. Mitrate, bonnet-shaped, a rounded and folded pileus. Moniliform, necklace-like. Mucous, slimy, of the consistence of gum. , Multi-, a prefix indicating many; as multiguttulate, having many guttule. Muricate, rough with short points. Muriform, where the contents of a sporidium are arranged or divided like the masonry of a stone wall. Mycelioid, in the form of mycelium. Mycelium, the hyphe or filaments produced from fungus spores. GLOSSARY OF TERMS. 417 Nuvicular, boat-shaped; a synonym of Cymbiform. Nigrescent, approaching a black colour. Nigricant, black. Nigro-punctate, marked with black points or dots. Nucleate, having nuclei. Nucleus, a homogeneous, roundish protoplasm-mass produced hy the differentiation of the protoplasm of the cell.* See Guttulate. Obconic, conical, but having the apex downwards. Oblique, deviating from a right line, aslant. Oblong, a rectangle, which is longer than it is broad, but used here of sporidia which somewhat approach this form while rounded at the ends. Obtuse, blunt. Ochery, the colour of ochre; synonym for Ochraceous. Ochraceous, Ochraceus. See Ochery. Olivaceous, of an olive-green colour, orange and grey. Olive. See Olivaceous. Opaque, not transparent, not shining. Operculum, a cover or lid; applied to the membrane which is raised for the exit of the sporidia. Seen best in Ascobolus, Orange, the colour of an orange; synonym of Aurantius. Orbicular, of a round form, circular. Ovate, shaped like an egg, somewhat broader at the base than the summit. Ovoid, synonym for Ovate. Paillid, pale, but undecided in colour. Papilla, a nipple-like protuberance, often consisting of a single cell. Papillate, covered with papille, or ending in a papilla. Paraphyses, minute hyaline filaments surrounding the asci. Parenchyma, the cellular tissue forming the interior of the receptacle. See Pseudo-parenchyma. Patellate, Patelliform, shaped like a dish. Pellucid, transparent, not opaque. Peltate, formed like a pelta or shield, a shield supported in the middle on the point of a projecting body. Perithecium, a closed receptacle containing the hymenium, as in the genus Spheeria, being at length perforated by a pore at the summit. Persistent, enduring, remaining beyond the period of maturity, not soon decaying. Pileate, furnished with a cap, having a more or less enlarged head. Pilose, hairy. Placentiform, a thickened circular disc, depressed in the middle both above and below. * Sach’s “ Text-Book of Bot.,” 2nd ed. pp. 2, 38, 44. 2E 4138 GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Plane, flat, a level surface Plano, used in combination ; as plano-convex, between plane a.nd convex. Plicate, folded in longitudinal plaits. Poculiform, cup-shaped. Polari-nucleate, having nuclei at the ends of a sporidium. Pole, the end of a sporidium. Polygonal, having many angles. Polymorphous, having many forms, where any plant or part of a plant has a diversity of forms. Polysporus, having many spores. Pore, a rainute superficial hole. Process, an extension or projection from a surface. Produced, where a part is brought forward or lengthened out in any direction. Protoplasm, the living contents of a cell, consisting of a combination of albuminous substances with water and small quantities of incom- bustible materials (ash).* Pruinose, frosted or covered with bloom like a plum. Pseudo-parenchyma, false parenchyma, the cellular tissue of fungi, which, although resembling true parenchyma, is not so. Pseudo-septate, having the appearance of being septate. Pubescent, coated with elevated extensions of the cellular tissue of the epidermis, assuming the character of minute hairs or down. Pulverulent, dusted over, powdery. Pulvinate, cushion-shaped, a little prominence like a cushion. Pycnidia, receptacles enclosing stylospores. Pyriform, pear-shaped. Quadrate, square in form. Receptacle, the portion of a fungus bearing the hymenium, the apothe- cium, the cup. Reniform, kidney-shaped, resembling the section taken longitudinally through a kidney. Repand, bowed, having an uneven, slightly sinuous margin. Replicate, doubled down, so that the upper part comes in contact with the lower; folded back, as when the margin of a cup turns out- wards and downwards. Reticulated, forming a network, having veins or lines crossing like network. Revolute, rolled backwards, as when the margin of a cup is rolled outwards. Rigid, stiff, with slight or no flexibility. Rimose, where a surface is covered with cracks or fissures. Rivulose, marked with lines like the rivers in a map. Looting, emitting roots, extending the stem downwards into the earth or matrix in the form of a root. * Sach’s “ Text-Book,” 2nd ed. p. 37. GLOSSARY OF TERMS, 419 Rotundate, round, orbicular, Rufescent, reddish brown. Rufous,” Rufus, full red-brown. Ruga, a wrinkle. Rugose, Rugulose, wrinkled on the surface. Scabrous, rough, covered with minute elevations. Scarce, rarely present, occurring here and there. Scattered, not crowded, being at some distance apart. Saccharine, resembling sugar, covered with shining grains like sugar. . Sclerotium, an old genus of fungi comprising hard, black, compact bodies which are now proved to be a resting condition of the mycelium of certain fungi, as of Peziza tuberosa, etc. Scrobiculate, marked with little pits. Scutellate, formed like a dish or saucer, orbicular and nearly flat. Septate, having divisions, partitioned off into separate compartments. Septum, the division wall of a cell. Seriate, arranged in a row. Serrated, toothed on the margin like the edge of a saw. Setaceous, furnished with bristles, in the form of a bristle. Setulose. See Setaceous. Sinuate, Sinuous, Sinuose, the margin uneven with alternate con- cavities and convexities. Solitary, not closely associated with others. Spadicious, date-brown, duller and darker than bay-brown. Spathulate, spoon-shaped, rounded at the summit and narrowed towards the base. Spermogonia, receptacles in which spermatia are produced in fungi and lichens. Spherical, Spheroid, shaped like a sphere. Spicula, a little spike. Sporidiiferous, bearing sporidia. Sporidium, an ascospore, or endospore; differs from a spore in being developed within another cell. Spurious, false, counterfeit, having only an appearance. Squamulose, covered with small scales. Stellate, star-shaped, radiating from a common centre. Sterigmata, a prop, a filament which supports a spore. Stipitate, having a stem. Stuffed, filled with a cottony web or spongy mass distinct from the walls. Striate, channelled, furrowed, marked with grooves, Strigose, rough with fascicles of hairs, hispid. Stroma, a more or less continuous layer, varying in consistence from fleshy to carbonaceous, arising from the mycelium, on which the receptacles are seated, as in the genera Hphelis and Dermatea. Stylogonidia, gonidia formed by abstriction on the ends of special filaments. 420 GLOSSARY OF TERMS. Stylospores, stalked spores, either produced within a special receptacle, as in pycnidia, or unenclosed, as amongst the Coniomycetes. Sub-, a prefix to another word, implying somewhat near the thing named ; as subglobose, somewhat globose. Subhymenial, immediately beneath the hymenium. Subiculum, a mass of filaments, a layer of loosely compacted mycelium on or amongst which the receptacles are developed. Subterranean, growing beneath the surface of the ground. Subulate, awl-shaped, like a cobbler’s awl. Succulent, juicy, when the cellular tissue is abundant and replete with juices. Sulcate, furrowed, marked by depressed parallel lines. Sulphureous, the colour of sulphur, a pale tint of pure yellow. Superficial, seated on the surface. Superior, higher up, situated above another, on the top. Tan-coloured, the colour of wash-leather; synonym of Alutaceous. Tapesium, a carpet or layer of mycelium on which the receptacle is seated. Tawny, a yellowish dark colour, a deeper shade than tan-colour. Terete, cylindrical and tapering. Testaceous, brick-coloured, a reddish-brown, not so bright as lateritious. Thalamium, synonym for Hymenium. Thickened, when the thickness of a part is relatively greater than the adjoining part; synonym for Jncrassated. . Tomentose, covered with pubescence consisting of hair closely matted, coated with down-like hairs. Tomentum, flocks of wool, loosely matted fibres. Translucent, transparent, admitting rays of light, clear. Tremellose, shaking like jelly, of a jelly-like consistence. Tri-, a prefix denoting three; as triseptate, having three septa. Truncate, terminating as if abruptly cut off. Tuberculate, covered with pimples or tubercles, having tuberous swellings. Tuberous, in the form of a tuber. Tumid, swollen, inflated. Turbinate, top-shaped, having an outline similar to a boy’s spinning- top. Umber, a dark brown, the colour of umber. Umbilicate, having a little navel, having a little depression in the centre. Uncinate, hooked or hook-shaped. Undulated, waved, with gentle elevations and depressions; synonym for Repand. Uni-, a prefix denoting one or the same: as uniseptate, having one septum ; wniform, of one form. Unilocular, having but one cell, GLOSSARY OF TERMS. 421 Uniseriate, in one series. Urceolate, shaped like a pitcher with a contracted mouth. Urn-shaped, shaped like a vase roundish in form and enlarged in the middle. Vasculiform, having the form of a little vessel, like a common flower-pot. Veil, a partial covering of the cup; a membranaceous, fibrous, or granulose coating stretching over the mouth of the cup, soon breaking up into fragments. Venoso-costate, having raised lines partly resembling veins and partly ribs. Ventricose, big-bellied, swollen out, puffed up. Verrucose, warted. Vesicular, like a bladder. Villose, Villous, covered with long, weak hairs. Vinous, the colour of red wine. Vitelline, the colour of the yelk of an egg. Waved, having an alternately concave and convex surface or margin. Wasxy, the consistence of wax. AUTHORS QUOTED. (See Exsiccati, p. 436.) A. and BS. Conspectus Fungorum in Lusatia Superioris Agro Niskiensi crescentium. Par J. B. de Albertini et L. D. de Schweiniz. 8vo. Lipsizw: 1805. 12 pl. col. Afzel. in Vet. Ac. Handl. De Vegetabilius Suecanis Observationis et Experimenta, Adamus Afzelius. Upsaliz: 1785. Ann. Nat. Iist. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London: 1838-1885. Berkeley and Broome’s contributions are quoted by the number attached to the species. Ann. Sc. Nat. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique. 6 series. Paris: 1824-1885. Auers. in Hedwig. B. Auerswald’s contributions to Hedwigia. Badham. Esculent Funguses. Dr. Badham. 8vo. London: 1847. Bail. Das System der Pilza. By Theodor Bail. Bonn: 1856. Balb. in Memoir Acad. Imp. Tur. G. B. Balbis in Memoire della Imp. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. Turin. , Act. Taur. Same as preceding. . B. and Br. Rev. M. J. Berkeley and C. E. Broome. See Ann. Nat. Hist. AUTHORS QUOTED. 423 Barla. Les Champignons de la Province de Nice. J.B. Barla. Folio-ob. Nice: 1859. Batsch. Elenchus Fungorum. Augustus Batsch. Hale: 1783-1786. —, Cont. Continuation of above in vol. ii. Batt. Fungorum Agri Arminensis Historie. A. J. Antonio Battarra. 4to. Faventiz: 1755. Berk. and Curt. Rev. M. J. Berkeley and Dr. Curtis, Notices of North American Fungi, in Grevillea, Berk, Rev. M. J. Berkeley. ——, Crypt. Bot. Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany. 8vo. London: 1857. —., Outi. Outlines of British Fungology. 8vo. London: 1860. —-, Proc. N. H. Soc. Berw. 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English Flora. Sir J. E. Smith. Vol. v. part 2. By Rev, M. J. Berkeley. 8vo. London: 1837. Farlow, Pro. Ann. Ac. A. and S. Professor W. G. Farlow in Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 1883. Favre-Guill. Les Champignons Comestibles du Canton de Neuchatel. L. Favre- Guillarmond, 4to. Neuchatel: 1861. Fckl., Bot. Zeit. Fuckel’s contributions to Botanisches Zeitung. ——, Symb. Myco. re Symbole Mycologice. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Rhainischen Pilze. L. Fuckel. 8vo. Wiesbaden: 1869-1875. Flo. Boruss. Flora Borussica. J.C. Wulff. Regiomonti: 1765. Lo, Chil. . Flora Chilena. MM. Decaisne et Nauden. 4 vols. S8vo. Paris: 1845-1849. flo. Dan. Flore Danice., Icones Plantarum sponte nascentium in regnis Daniz et Norvegia. Folio. 1766-1882. Flo. Tasm. Flora Tasmanizw. J.D. Hooker. 2 vols. 4to. London: 1860. Fresen., Beit. Beitrage zur Mykologie. G. Fresenius. 3 hefta. 4to, Frank- fort: 1850-1863. Tries, Elench. Elenchus Fungorum sistens Commentarium in Systema Myco- logium. 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Roy. de 1’Belgique. 1861. Wigg., Hoffm. Crypt. See Hoffm. Crypt. With. An arrangement of British Plants. William Withering, M.D. 3rded. 4 vols. 8vo. London: 1796. Wright, Cub. Mr. Charles Wright’s specimens of Cuban Fungi described by Messrs. Berkeley and Curtis. Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. x. p. 280. EXSICCATI. ——h eee Ayres, exs. Mycologia Britannica ; or, Specimens of British Fungi. By Philip B. Ayres, M.D. Fasc. 1,2. 4to. Pamplin. London: 1845. B. and Br. Rev. M. J. Berkeley and C. E. Broome, in the Herbarium, Royal Gardens, Kew. Bact., evs. Stirpes Cryptogamice# Oxonienses, or Dried Specimens of Crypto- gamous Plants, by William Baxter, A.L.S. Oxford: 1825. Berk., Brit. Fung. British Fungi. Rev. M. J. Berkeley. 4 fasc. 4to. ‘London. Blow. in Herb Kew. Rev. Andrew Bloxam’s specimens in the Herbarium, Royal Gardens, Kew. Coole, Fung. Brit. Fungi Britannici Exsiccati. Ist ser, i-vi. 8vo. London: 1865-1871. 2nd ser.,i—vii. 4to. London: 1875-1879, Desm.,, Crypt. fr. Plantes Cryptogamiques de France. J. B. Desmazieres. +to. Lille: 1825-1860. Ellis, N. A. Fungi. North American Fungi. J.B. Ellis. Cent. i—xi. Newfield and Philadelphia: 1878-1883. Erb. Crit. Ital. Erbario Crittogamico Italiano, per cura di G. de Notaris, Fr, Baglietto et Fr. Ardissone. Series1, 24 fasc. Folio. Genova: 1858-1864. Fckl., F. Rh. L. Fuckel’s Fungi Rhenani Exsiccati. Cent. 1-15, and supp. 4to. Wiesbaden: 1865. : EXSICCATI. 437 Fries, Scl. Suec. Scleromycetes Suecie Exsiccati. Elias Magnus Fries. Upsala. Gardiner, exs. 250 Specimens cf Mosses, Fungi, etc. By William Gardiner. Dundee: 1845-1848. Karst., Fung. Fenn. Fungi fenniew Exsiccati. P. A. Karsten. 7 cent. Helsingfors. Klotzsch, H. M. Herbarium vivum Mycologische Hefte. J. F. Klotzsch. 20 vols. 4to. Berlin: 1832, etc. Kunze, Hxs. Also Kze. and Schm. Deutschlands Schwamme in getrockneten Examplaren. By C. F. Hall, I. C. Schmidt, and G. Kunze. Leipzig: 1815-1818. —.,, Fung. Sel. Fungi Selecti Exsiccati. Joanne Kunze. Islebia: 1876-1880. Lasch in Klotasch, Herb. Myco. F. W. Lasch’s contributions to Klolzsch’s Herbarium vivum Mycologische Hefte. Libert, Crypt. Ard. Plantes Cryptogames des Ardennes. Madame Libert: 1830-1837. Mazerio., Crypt. Gal. See Desm. Crypt. Fr. Moug. Exs., or Moug. and Nest. J. B. Mougeot, C. Nestler, et W. P. Schimper, Stirpibus Crypto- gamis Vogeso-Rhenanis. 15 fase. 4to. Bruyerii Vogesorum : 1810-1864. Phil., Elv. Brit. Elvellacei Britannici. 4 fasc. 4to. Shrewsbury: 1874-1881. Rabh., Fung. Eur. | Rabenhorst’s Fungorum Europeorum Exsiccatorum. Cent. i—xx. Dresden: 1861-1881. Rabh., Herb. Myco. Herbarium vivum Mycologicum. J. F. Klolzsch. Continued by Dr. Rabenhorst. Dresden: 1855-1860. Rav., Fung. Am. Fungi Americani Exsiccatii H. W. Ravenel. Edited by M. C. Cooke. Fasc. i—viii. London: 1877. —-—, Fung. Carol. Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccatii HH. W. Ravenel. 4 fase. 4to. Charleston: 1852, etc. 438 EXSICCATI, Rehm, Asco. Ascomyceten. Dr. Med. Rehm. Fase. i—xvii. Dresden : 1868-1885. Lioumg., Fung. Gal. : Fungi Selecti Gallici Exsiccati. MM. C. Roumeguére, Cent. i—xxxix. 4to. Toulouse: 1879-1886. —,, Stirpes. Those specimens in the preceding work originally issued in Mougeot’s work quoted above. Sace., Erb. Crit. Erbario Crittogamico Italiano, P. A. Saccardo. Ser. 1. 24 fase. Genova: 1858-1864, Ser. 2. 14 fasc. 1868-1879. —, Myco. Ven. Mycotheca Veneta. P.A.Saccardo. Cent.i-xv. 4to. Patavii: 1874-1880. Schm and Kze. See Kunze, exs. Sommf. Plante Cryptogamice Norvegie. Christianus Sommerfelt. 4to. Lipsie : 1827. Syd., Mycoth. Mar. Mycotheca Marchica. Sydow and Zopf. 13 cent. Folio. Berol: 1880-1887. Thum., Fung. Aus. Fungi Austriaci Exsiccati. F. de Thumen. 18 cent. 4to. Dresden and Bayreuth: 1871-1875. ——., Herb. Myco. Herbarium Mycologicum Aiconomicum. F.deThumen. 14 fase: 1873-1879. —. Mycoth. Univ. Mycotheca Universalis. F. de Thumen. 28 cent. 4to. Bay- reuth : 1875-1880. Wartm. and Sch. Herbarium Schweizericher Kryptogamen.. Fasc, i-xii, St. Gallen : 1862-1869. Welw. Crypt. Lusit, West and Wall. i Herbier Cryptogamique Belge. Fasc. 21-28. 4to. 1855-1859. Winter, Fungi Eur. 7 Fungi Europei et extra Europei Exsiccati. Klotzschii Herbarii vivi Mycologici continuatio. Editio nova. Cura Dr. G. Winter. Dresden: 1881. Zopf. and Syd. Mycoth. Mar. Zopf et Sydow Mycotheca Marchica. Berlin: 1880-1884. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Puate I. Fig. 1.—a, Morchella esculenta, nat. size; 6, a section of the same ; c, an ascus and paraphvses; d, sporidia. candd x 400 times. Fig. 2.—a, Gyromitra esculenta, nat. size; b, section of the same ; ¢, an ascus and a paraphysis; d, a sporidium. candd x 400 times. Fig. 8.—a, Helvella lucunosa, nat. size; b, a section of the same; c, an ascus with two paraphyses; d, three sporidia. c¢ and d x 400 times. Fig.4.—a, Verpa rufipes, nat. size; b, a section of the same; ¢, an ascus and a paraphysis; d, sporidia; ¢, cellular filament from the epidermis. c,d, ande x 400 times. Puate II. Fig. 5.—a, Leotia circinans, nat.size; b, section of the same; ¢, an ascus with three paraphyses; d, two sporidia. candd x 400 times. Fig. 6.—a, Mitrula paludosa, nat. size; b, section of the upper part ; c, an ascus; d, three sporidia. candd x 400 times. Fig. 7.—a, Spathularia flavida, nat. size; b, section of the same: c, an ascus with three paraphyses; d, two filiform sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 8.—a, Leptoglossum viride, nat. size; b, section of the same; ¢c, an ascus with two paraphyses; d, sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 9.—a, Geoglossum hirsutum, nat. size; b, an ascus with two hooked paraphyses; c, a sporidium; d, one of the black rigid hairs from the hymenium intermixed with the asci. 6,c,andd x 400 times. Fig. 10.—a, Rhizina undulata, nat. size; b, a section of the same, showing the root-like fibrille; c, an ascus; d, the fusiform sporidia. cand d x 400 times. 440 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. PuaTte III. Fig. 11.—a, Peziza acetabulum, nat. size; 6, a section of the same ; ¢c, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, three sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 12.—a, Peziza cupularis, nat. size; b, a section of the same; c, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, three sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 13.—a, a, Peziza pleurota, nat. size; b, section of the same; c, an ascus and a paraphysis; d@, four sporidia. ¢ and d x 400 times. Fig. 14.—a, Peziza aurantia, nat. size; 6, section of the same; c¢, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 15.—1, a, a, Peziza trachycarpa, nat. size; 6, a section; ¢, an ascus and a paraphysis; d, four sporidia. cand d x 400 times. PLATE LV. Fig. 16.—a, Peziza succosa, two cups, nat. size; 6, a section of a cup; ¢, an ascus with two paraphyses; d, four sporidia, the two lower more mature. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 17.-- a, a, Peziza radula, nat. size; 6, a section of a cup; ¢, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, four sporidia. ¢ and d x 400 times. Fig. 18.—a, a, a, Peziza lividula, nat. size; 6, a section of a cup; c, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, three sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 19.—a, Pezizu Crouani, nat. size; 6, a cup magnified 5 times ; c, a section of the same; _d, an ascus with a paraphysis; e, four sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 20.—a, Peziza rutilans, two cups, nat. size; b, a section of a cup; ¢, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, four sporidia. c¢ and d x 400 times. Fig. 21.—a, Peziza corallina, a group the nat. size; b, 6, two cups slightly magnified; c, a section of a cup also slightly magnified; d, an ascus with a paraphysis; e, two sporidia. d and e x 400 times. PLATE V. Fig. 22.—a, Peziza omphalodes, a gronp the nat. size; b, a group slightly magnified; c,a cup more highly magnified; d, a section of the latter, both showing the white mycelium from which they spring ; 2, an ascus with paraphyses; f, four sporidia. e and / x 400 times. Fig. 23.—a, a, Psilopezia, nat. size; 6, a section of the upper one; c, ascus with a paraphysis; d, seven sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 24.—a, Hymenoscypha sclerotiorwm, a group the nat. size, with the sclerotia from which they arise; }, a section of one; c, an ascus with a paraphysis; d, five sporidia. cand d x 400 times. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 441 Fig. 25.—a, Hymenoscypha pseudo-tuberosa, a group the nat. size, arising from a decayed acorn ; }, a section of a cup slightly magnified ; c, two asci with paraphyses; d, six sporidia, showing their variable size. candd x 400 times. Fig. 26.—a, Hymenoscypha coronata, a group the nat. size; b, two cups magnified, one being a section; c, an ascus with a paraphysis ; d, three sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 27.—a, Hymenoscypha Broome, a group the nat. size; b, three cups magnified ; c, a section of a cup; d, two asci; e, six sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 28.—a, Chlorosplenium exruginosum, a group the nat. size; b, two cups slightly magnified; ¢, a section of a cup; d, an ascus with paraphyses ; e, seven sporidia. d@ and e x 400 times. Fig. 29.—a, Belonidium culmicolum, a group the nat. size; b, two cups magnified 10 times; c, a section of a cup magnified 10 times ; d, an immature and a mature ascus with paraphyses; e, four sporidia, one of which shows a gelatinous envelope not unfrequently seen to surround them. dande x 400 times. Fig. 30.—a, Helotium ferruginosum, a group the nat. size ; b, three cups slightly magnified; c, a section of a cup slightly magnified ; d, two asci with paraphyses; e, six sporidia in various stages of develop- ment. dande x 400 times. Fig. 31.—a, Helotium claro-flavum, a group the nat. size; b, a group slightly magnified; c, a section of a cup also magnified; d, an ascus with paraphyses ; e, seven sporidia in various stages of development. d and e x 400 times. PuaTeE VI. Fig. 32.—a, Mollisia cinerea, a group the nat. size; b, a group seen from above, slightly magnified; c, two cups viewed sideways, also mag- nified ; d, a section of a cup; e, an ascus with paraphyses; /, twelve sporidia, representing the variation in size and form in the same individual. eand jf x 400 times. Fig. 33.—a, Mollisia nervisequia, a group the nat. size on a frag- ment of a leaf of Plantago; b, two cups magnified 20 times, and in two stages of development; c, a section of the younger one; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, six sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 34.—a, Mollisia dilutella, a group the nat. size; b, three cups magnified, showing the several stages of growth; d, three asci; e, eight sporidia, showing the degree of variability of size and shape. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 35.—a, Mollisia Bullii,a group the nat. size; 6, a group mag- nified; c, a section of a cup also magnified; d, two asci; e, seven sporidia, showing variation of size. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 36.—a, Moliisia cerastiorum, a fragment of the host plant 449 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. bearing four cups, nat. size; b, c, three cups magnified, the lower one seen from above; d. a section of a cup also magnified; e, two asci; f, nine sporidia; e and f, x 400 times. Fig. 37.—a, Mollisia peristomialis, a group the nat. size; 6, three cups magnified 20 times; c, a section of a cup, showing the scarcely depressed hymenium ; d, two of the teeth magnified; e, three asci ; J, four sporidia. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 38.—a, a, Lachnea radiculata, nat. size; b, a section of a cup ; c, one of the nearly colourless hairs from the exterior of the cup; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, four sporidia in several stages of growth. c, d, and e x 400 times. Fig. 39.—a, Lachnea sepulta, one mature cup and three young ones, nat. size; b, a section of a cup; c, a group of hairs from the exterior of the cup; d, an ascus with a paraphysis; e, three sporidia, the lower one more advanced in growth. c, d, and e x 400 times, Puate VII. Fig. 40.—a, Lachnea melastoma, nat. size, showing the black strigose filaments from which it springs; 0, seetion of a cup; ¢, a group of the strigose filaments from the base; d, an ascus with a paraphysis ; é, four sporidia. c, d, and e x 400 times. Fig. 41.—a, Lachnea trechispora, three cups in different stages of growth, nat. size; b, a section of a cup; c,a group of hairs from the exterior of the cup (the bent one is so represented to save space); d, an ascus with a paraphysis; e, two sporidia. c, d, and e x 400 times. Fig. 42.—a, Lachnea Oornubiensis, two cups the nat. size; b, a section of a cup; c,a group of hairs from the exterior of the cup; d, an ascus containing eight sporidia, with a paraphysis. candd x 400 times. Fig. 48.—a, Lachnella diplocarpa, a group the nat. size; b, a cup magnified ; c, a section of the same; d, one of the hairs from the exterior of the cup; e, asci parapbyses, and filaments surmounted by fusiform spores (?); /, six sporidia in various conditions of develop- ment ; g, one of the filaments, surmounted, by its fusiform spore, viewed separately. d,e, f, and g x 400 times, Fig. 44.—a, Lachnella cerina, a group the nat. size; b, three cups in different stages of growth, magnified; c, section of a cup; d, hairs from near the margin of a cup; e, an ascus with two acerose paraphyses ; f, seven sporidia. d, e, and f x 400 times. Puate VIII. Fig. 45.—a, Lachnella cupressi, nat. size; b, two cups slightly magnified ; c, a section of a cup; d, the villose hairs from the exterior of a cup; e, ascus with paraphyses ; /, six sporidia. d, e, and f x 400 times. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 443 Fig. 46.—a, Lachnella bicolor, a group the nat. size; 6, three cups enlarged, in different stages of growth; ¢, section of a cup; d, three hars from the exterior of a cup; e, an ascus with two acerose para- physes; /, five sporidia. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 47.—a, Lachnella pteridis, a group the nat. size; 6b, two cups enlarged, one young, the other more mature; c, a section of a cup; d, a group of hairs from the exterior of a cup; e, an ascus with a para- physis ; 7, seven sporidia. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 48.—a, Lachnella hyalina, a group the nat. size; 6b, two cups in different stages of growth, magnified; c, a section of a cup; d, two asci; e, six sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 49.—a, Lachnella rufo-olivacea, the nat. size; 6, a cup mag- nified 10 times; c, a section of a cup; d, loose brown cells from the exterior of a cup; e, two asci, the one filled with coarse granular pro- toplasm, the other in which the sporidia are matured, with a clavate paraphysis; f, four sporidia in different stages of development, the pseudo-septate ones being the most mature. Fig. 50.—a, Tapesia aurelia, a group the nat. size seated on a frag- ment of an oak-leaf; b, two cups enlarged, of different ages, showing the white tapesium from which they arise; ¢, a section of a cup; d, a portion of the tapesium ; e, asci and paraphyses; /, seven sporidia in different stages of growth. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 51.—a, Desmazierella acicula, three cups nat. size; b, section of a cup magnified, showing the hairy hymenium; ¢, one of the rigid hairs of the exterior; d, an ascus; e, a bundle of paraphyses divided at the top in the form of bristle-like points, which rise above the surface of the hymenium ; /, four sporidia. d,e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 52.—a, Pirottzxa vectis,a group the nat. size; b, two cups mag- nified; c,a section of a mature cup; d, a group of the rigid bristles from the margin of acup; e,asci and parapbyses; //, five sporidia in different stages of growth, showing their variable shape. d, e, and f x 400 times. Puate IX, Fig. 53.—a, Boudiera areolata, a group the nat. size: b, b, two cups magnified ; c, a section of a cup; d, an ascus with paraphyses ; e, sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 54.—a, Ascobolus viridis, three cups the nat.size; b, a section of a cup; c, an ascus with paraphyses; d, three sporidia. Fig. 55.—a, Saccobolus violaceus, a group the nat. size; b, a group slightly magnified; c, a section of a cup; d, asci and paraphyses; e, eight sporidia removed from the ascus and still enclosed in a cell, which was developed within the parent ascus; j, three sporidia detached from the group. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 56.—a, Thecotheus Pelletier’, a group the nat. size; b, two cups magnified; c, an ascus filled with sporidia; d, the summit of an 444 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. ascus, showing the operculum open through which the sporidia have escaped; e and f, sporidia in different stages of growth, the one at f being surrounded by a gelatinous envelope. c, d, e¢, and f x 400 times. Fig. 57.—a, Ryparobius Cockei, a group the nat. size; b,a group slightly magnified; c, a section more highly magnified; d, an ascus and paraphyses; e, eight sporidia, showing variation in size and shape. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 58.—a, Ascophanus testaceus, a group the nat. size seated on a piece of old sacking; 6 and c, cups magnified; d, an ascus with a parapbysis ; ¢, six sporidia. d and e x 400 times. PLATE X. Fig. 59.—a, Bulgaria inquinans, a group the nat. size seated on a piece of wood; 0, a section of a cup; c, two asci in different stages of growth with paraphyses; d, sporidia removed from an ascus. ¢ and d x 400 times. Fig. 60.—a, Vibrissea truncorum, a group the nat. size; b, a section somewhat enlarged ; c, an ascus and paraphyses; d, a filiform sporidium removed from an ascus. ¢andd x 400 times. Fig. 61.—a, Vibrissea Guernisact, a group the nat. size; b, one cup enlarged ; c, section of a cup; d, ascus and paraphyses; e, a filiform sporidium detached from an ascus. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 62.—a and b, Ombrophila clavus, in two forms, nat. size; c, section of a larger specimen; d, ascus with paraphyses; e, six sporidia. dande x 400 times. Fig. 63.—a, Calloria vinosa, a group the nat. size; b. two cups magnified ; c, a section; d, two asci with paraphyses having globose heads; e, seven sporidia, showing variation in their form and size. d and e x 400 times. ; Fig. 64.—a, Encelia fascicularis, a group the nat. size; b, a section of a cup; ¢, two asci, the one immature, the other mature; d, four sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 65.—a, Dermatea cinnamomea, several clusters the nat. size ; b, a cluster breaking through the epidermis of the bark, magnified ; c, a section of a cluster more highly magnified ; d, an ascus and para- physis ; e, six sporidia in different stages of development, those with septa being most mature. d and e X 400 times. Fig. 66.—a, Cenangium Prunastri, the nat. size, bursting through the epidermis of the matrix in tranverse elongated clusters; 0, a cluster of ascigerous cups magnified ; c, showing another cluster, and at a little distance, on the same piece of wood, a cluster of awl-shaped pyenidia ; _ d, a section of a cluster, showing the pycnidia associated with the acigerous cups; e, a fragment of the interior of a pycnidium, showing the filiform sterigmata, on the summits of which are produced the stylospores f; g, three asci, one of which is immature, surrounded with the adherent paraphyses; A, nine sporidia. e, f, g, and A x 400 times. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 445 PLATE XI. Fig. 67.—a, Tympanis conspersa, four clusters which have burst through the bark, the natural size ; 6, a cluster with spermogonia inter- mixed, slightly magnified; c, a section of a cluster; d, a portion of the interior of a spermogonium, with the filiform sterigmata; e, the sper- matia produced on the sterigmata; /, asci mature and immature, surrounded with the adherent paraphyses; g,a number of sporidia, showing their variation in size and form. dandg x 400 times. Fig. 68.—a, Crumenula urceoliformis, several cups on Vacciniwm twigs, the natural size; b, a cup magnified; c, a section of the same; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, two filiform sporidia; /, stylospores on their sterigmata. d,e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 69.—a, Hphelis Rhinanthi, nat. size; b, mature cups mag- nified ; c, section of a cup; d, an ascus with a paranhysis; e, four sporidia ; f, spermatia with their sterigmata. d,e, and / x 400 times. Fig. 70.—a, Patellaria clavispora, a group the nat. size; b, two cups magnified; c, section of a cup; d, an ascus with several paraphyses; e, sporidia, showing stages of growth. dande x 400 times. Fig. 71.—a, Heterospheria patella, nat. size; b, a cup magnified; c, a section of a cup that has not yet split open at the top; d, an ascus and paraphyses; e, five sporidia; 7, stylospores. d, e, and f x 400 times. Fig. 72.—a, Laquearia spheralis, a group the nat. size; 6, a single receptacle seen from above, enlarged; c, a section of a receptacle more highly magnified; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, five sporidia. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 73.—a, Propolis versicolor, the nat. size; b, a single receptacle magnified; c, a section of the same; d, an ascus with paraphyses ; e, seven sporidia removed from an ascus. d@ande x 400 times. Puate XII. Fig. 74.—a, Schmitzomia atro-alba, the nat. size; b, three receptacles magnified ; c, section of a receptacle, showing how it is immersed in the matrix; d, an ascus and paraphyses; e, a filiform sporidium. d and e x 400 times. Fig. 75.—a, Stictis pallida, nat. size ; b, three receptacles magnified ; c, a section of a receptacle; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, six sporidia. dande x 400 times. Fig. 76.—a, Phacidium striatum, the nat. size; b, two receptacles magnified, the one just splitting, the other having fully opened; ¢, a section ; d, two mature asci with paraphyses; e, six sporidia in different stages of development. d and e x 400 times. Fiz. 77.—a, Trochila craterium, on a fragment of a leaf, the nat. 446 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. size; 6, four receptacles magnified; c, sections of the same; d, an ascus with paraphyses; e, two sporidia. dande x 400 times. Fig. 78.—a, Stegia Ilicis, on a portion of a holly-leaf, nat. size; 5, a receptacle magnified, showing the upper half of the perithecium splitting and becoming detached and exposing the hymenium; c¢, an ascus; d, five sporidia. cand d x 400 times. Fig. 79.—a, Ascomyces Potentille, on a portion of a branch of the host plant, which it has much enlarged; 3}, 6, a portion of the cellular tissue of the host plant, showing the mycelium of the Ascomyces ramifying between the cells of the epidermis and throwing up asci c, c, through the cuticle; f, sporidia. 6, 6, c, c, and / x 400 times. INDEX. — oo PAGE PAGE ACETABULA, Fckl. . ope el Arrurta—continued. vulgaris, Fckl. al ws - 44 saniosa (Schrad.) « . ° Ph ay Avevrtia, Fckl. subhirsuta (Schum.) - s . 103 acetabulum (Linn.) + . . 44 succosa (Berk.) > ° ° 70 alutacea (Pers.) - . 5. Ul venosa (Pers.) ° . - 69 ampliata (Pers.)- 2 * * 78 vesiculosa (Bull.). + * » 4 aurantia (Hid.) - + . - 56 violacea (Pers.) « F ° on OL auricula(Cooke)» +» + °* 54 violacens (Cooke). - + «+ 88 badia (Pers.) . . ° . 59 vivida (Nyl.) : ° ° Je SS brunneo-atra (Desm.)- + * 17 xanthomela (Pers.) + + « 97 bulbosa (Hedw.) - gS g:«205 «| ARACHNOPEZIZA, Fckl. carbonaria (A. and S.) ewoey So aurelia (Pers.), Fckl.. + + 280 cerea (Sow.) . ° ° . <9 214 ARTHONIA, cochleata (Bull.). - «+ «+ 80 melaspermella, Nyl. . Sikhs ALOU constellatio(B. and Br.) . + 86 ASCOBOLEZ,, Boud. stat, eee convemula (Pers.)- .« + + _95 ASCOBOLUS, Pers. =) «hee coralina (Cooke). + .» + 102 erugineus, Fries - +» + * 287 corium (Weber.) -» 5 A 2 205 albidus, Crouan . ° 3 . 289 Crouant (Cooks) Le ee amethystinus, Phil. + « 90 cupularis (Linn.) - c aay 47 argenteus, Curr. « : : - 306 eximia (Dr. and Lev.). ares = 65 atro-fuscus, Phil. and Plow. - 291 glumarum (Desm.) . : 5 OY Boudieri, Renny - 4 . 304 grandis (Pers.) + - ‘ el brunneus, Boud. . . . PRE granulata (Bull.) e A « 94 brunneus, Cooke . “ ‘ - 292 helvelloides (Fries) - 4 - 206 carbonicola, Boud. ; 5, 29 hepatica (Batsch) wane 5 as carneus, Pers. - . ° - 309 humosa (Fries) . : - 92 ciliatus, Berk. - : ‘ sole leporina (Batsch) . F - 5. tig cinereus, Crouan . - . . 308 leucoloma (Hedw.) - - by SOL citrinus, Cheval. . 2 5 3) O00 macropus (Pers.) . : ° . 207 Cemansii, Boud. . : 2 - 307 maurilabra (Cooke) . - « 94 coccineus, Crouan = 2 - 102 melaloma(A.andS.).- -. «+ 109 consociatus (B.and Br.) . + 312 micropus (Pers.) . : ° = 63 Cookei, Crouan ° - . 299 ochracea, Karst. - P : 5 ey? crenulatus, Karst. - ; . 292 ollaris (Fries) _ - twee - 103 Crouani, Cooke . re . 84 omphalodes (Bull.) fe P = als erustaceus, Fckl.. 5 3 . 299 onotica (Pers.) + ° ° - 52 crustaceus, Karst. - ° . 299 Polytrichi (Schum.) . ° a 86 cunicularius, Renny (R. ar- purpurascens (Pers.) - : ST genteus) 2 - - oO pustulata (Pers.) . : ° ae 12 denudatus, Fries . : - . 287 rapulum (Bull.) - 3 ‘ = 00 depauperatus, B. and Br. . 296 repanda (Wahl.) . 2 “ “66 difformis, Nyl. - : . - 310 reticulata (Grev.) - : BP Gu furfuraceus, Pers. . P : . 290 rutilans (Fries) « * © ° 89 glaber,Cemans » + + * 294 448 INDEX. PAGE PAGE AscoBpoLus—continued. Ascozonus, Renny. glaber, Pers. . - ° . - 288 Crouani, Renny . : - 300 granulatus, Fckl. ° . - 94 cunicularis, Renny(R. argenteus) 301 granuliformis, Crouan . - 307 Leveilleanus, Renny . ; 302 gegasporus, De Not. . : 7 aoe Leveillei, Renny . » 2 a02 immersus, Pers. . - - 292 parvisporus, Renny : = - 303 Jungermannie, B. and Br. - 102 purpurea (Fckl.), Cooke . - 324 Kervernt, Crouan ° - 204 subhirtus, Renny . - 303 lacteus, Cooke and Phil. | - 306 Woolhopensis, Renny . . - 302 Leveilleanus, Renny . =) Gone macrosporus,Crouan . . . 293 | BELONIDIUM, Mont. and Ls 148 marginatus, Schum. . ‘ - 287 culmicolum (Desm.) . 148 microsporus, B.and Br. . + 307 excelsius (Karst.) 3 . - 150 mineatus, Crouan . es filisporum (Cooke) . < « 262 minutissimus, Boud. . A . 305 lacustre (Fries) . 5 ° «- 149 myriadeus, Karst. . 299 minutissimum (Batsch) : - 149 neglectus, Boud. . - , . 295 pullum, Phil. and Keith . - 151 obscurus, Cooke . 2 ‘ - 295 ventosum (Karst.) s 4 ~ 155 ochraceus, Crouan 2 Si) vexatum, De Not. - - - 148 parvisporus (Renny) . - -. 303 | Bispora. Pelletieri, Crouan . = .. 298 monilifera, Fckl. c = 130 Persoonti, Crouan ° - 7-638 BoLeETUs. pilosus, Fries : ‘ ; . 312 albus, Batt. . °. J ee polysporus, Auers. . 299 | BOUDIERA, Cooke : 285 saccharinus, Berk. and Curr. . 310 areolata, Cooke and Phil. . 285 sexdecimsporus, Crouan : 2*311 BULGARIA, Fries . : . 314 subhirtus (Renny) : : - 302 inquinans . ° . : «84 testaceus, Berk. . ; .* S90 pulla, Fries . - : g “SRR: Trifolti, Bernh. . ° ole $68 sarcoides, Fries . . : . 323 vinosus, Berk. 288 | BULGARIEZ. . 313 violasceus (Boud. « Phil. and Plow. 296 viridis, Curr. - + 289 | CALLORIA, Fries (Veena viridulus, Phil. and Plow. . - 291 atro-virens, Fries - ‘ . 325 ASCOMYCES, M. and D. . 399 auricolor (Blox.) . F ‘ 2? 954 Alni, B. and Br. . . 403 chrysostigma (Fries) : F - 328 bullatus, B.and Br . ° . 401 coccinella ae . : "$28 deformans, Berk, . . } . 401 Coniicola, Cooke and Phil. . . 833 Juglandis, Berk... : . 404 cornea (B. and Br.) . . - 332 Potentille (Farlow) . ‘ . 402 dentata (Pers.) . ° ° 332 Pruni (Tul.) ° - 400 diaphana (Sow.) . . 335 Tosquinetii, West = - . 403 fusarioides (Berk.) F 331 Trientalis, Berk. F ‘ . 405 inflatula (Karst.). . 335 turgidus a adeb. , : ) . 404 lasia (B. and Br.). ° 327 ASCOPHANUS, Boud . . 803 Leightoni, Phil... E 329 argenteus (Curr, y. * : . 306 leucostigma (Fries) . - 330 aurora (Crouan) . ; : . 308 luteo-rubella (Nyl.) . 4 - 333 Boudieri (Renny). . A . 804 retrusa, Phil. and Plow = . 407 carneus(Pers.) . 2 ¢509) rubella ( Pers.) ‘ «884 var. # cuniculi, Boud. 309 rubicola (Cooke and Phil. y's 331 var. ¥ saccharinus oo. and steriicola (Cooke) . . 328 Curr. a . “810 ulcerata, hil. and Plow. ‘ 330 ciliatus (Berk.), Boud. . . - 313 vinosa (A. and S.) . . - 833 cinereus (Crouan). . : - 308 xanthostigma (Fries) . ° - 329 consociatus (B. and Br.) . . 312 | CENANGIUM, Fries. “ « 344 cuniculi (Boud.) . . . . 809 alneum (Pers.), Pek. < 355 difformis (Boud.). . : * S10 Aucuparte (Pers.), Fries. - 854 granuliformis (Crouan) F - 307 Cerasi (Pers.), Fries. . 341 lacteus (Cooke and Phil.) . . 806 conspersum ( ‘ries), Fekl. . . 354 microsporus (B. and Br.) . . 307 Brice, Fries . - 357 minutissimus, Boud. . P - 805 Jascicularis (A. and 8. >. Gill. 337 ochraceus (Crouan) . “ 2 Sil ferruginosum, Fries. ° - 346 pilosus (Fries) : « $12 Fraxini oo Tul. . - 355 var. ciliatus (B. “and Br.) . 812 fuliginosum, Fries ‘ ‘ - 348 saccharinus (Berk. and Curr.) . 810 Surfuracea (Fries), Gill. . . 337 sexdecimsporus (Crouan) . « 811 ligustrt (Tul.) Fekl. . . - 353 subfuscus, Boud, ° . . 805 pheosporum, Cooke, ° - 346 testaceus (Moug.) ae - 3810 Pruuastri, Fries. oi . 345 Crnanarum—continued. ulveraceum, A. and S. ibis, Fries . ° ‘ Rubi, Berk. .« . e Rubi, Fries . f ‘ seriatum, Fries subnitidum, Cooke ‘ Crutnospora, Fries. hacidioides, Grev. CHLOROSPLENIUM, Fries . eruginosum (* Flo. Dan.”)-. atro-virens, De Not. - versiforme (Pers. ) Crsorta, Fckl. . 3 amentacea, Fckl. . bolaris, Fckl. ° caucus, Fckl. ‘ firma, Fckl.. P rhizophila, Fckl. « Cravartia, Linn. atra, Schrad. ° . epiphylla, Dicks. « ° ferrugined, Sow. - . minuta, Sow. P ‘ mitrata viridis, Holms. ophioglossoides, Bull. . ophioglossoides, Holms. phalloides, Bull. . . serpentina, Mull... = simplex hirsuta, Schmid. spathulata, ‘‘ Flo. Dan.” viridis, ‘Flo. Dan.” . Coccomycrs, De Not. Pint, Karst. : ° quadratus, Karst. ° CocHLEARIA, Cooke - a CoryneE, Nees. sarcoides, Tul. « purpurea, Fckl. « wirescens, Tul. « Crovanl, Fckl. . ; cinnabarina, Fckl. humosa, Fckl. “ miniata, Fckl. - fs CRUMENULA, De Not. callunigena, Karst. - Erice (Fries) ° . Ledi (A. andS.) . a urceoliformis, Karst. . CRYPTODISCUS. pallidus, Corda . 5 CRYPTOMYCES, Grev. versicolor, ** Eng. Flo.” CryPTosPH ZRIA, Grev. e e e . © punctiformis, var. B Hedere, Grev. 397 Cuponta, Fries. circinans, Fckl. .« A circinans, Quelet . Queletii, Fries - e Cyatuicuta, De Not. vulgaris, De Not. ° Cytispora, Ehrbg. foliicola, Lib. e ‘ DACRYMYCES. succineus, Fries . “ wirescens, Fries « e . . . . . . . INDEX. PAGE 347 349 350 350 348 347 390 146 147 325 146 118 120 124 121 123 144 35 28 27 29 32 Sits 35 28 32 35 30 32 393 395 55 324 324 325 320 85 92 84 356 356 357 357 358 383 376 24 24 25 140 390 142 325 DasyscypHa, Fekl. - . ° bicolor (Bull.), Fckl. - ° calycina (Schum. ), Fckl. cerina, Fckl. , . clandestina (Bull.), Fckl wirginea (Batsch.) Fckl. DERMATEA - a Cerasi ( Pers.) p : cinnamomea (D.C.)_ - dryina, Cooke - : Fagi, Phil. fascicularis (A. and S.), Fckl. Frangule (Fries), Tul. furfuracea, Fries Haughtonii, Phil. livida, Berk. F nectrioides, Phil. . runastri, Fries . thabarbarina (Berk.) seriata, Tul. Ulicis, Cooke ‘ DERMATE®,, Fries DERMATELLA, Karst. Frangule (Fries), Karst. DESMAZIERELLA, Lib. acicola, Lib. . ‘ PiLvuTELLA, Phil. 4 3 : Discrna, Cooke . é : 5 DISCOMYCETES, Fries . DoTHIDEA. Ranunculi, Fries. : . Durewta, Tul. compressa (A. and S.), Tul. macrospora, Fckl. ° ° ELVFLA, Scop. albida, Scheff. . atra, * Flo. Dan.” ciliata, Scheff. clavata, Scheff. cochleata, Wieff. lubrica, Scop. mitra, Flo. Dan. mitra, Scheff. _. nigricans, Scheff. ochroleuca, Scheff. ENCGLIA, Fries Bloxami, Phil. . fascicularis (A. and S.) furfuracea (Fries) . EPHELIS, Fries. - Rhinanthi, Phil. . ° Came ae wee Le Ue" 8 Eusrecia, Fries . - arundinacea, Fries ilicis, Fries » . Excrpu.a, Fries = : levigata, Fries. : Ranuncult, Rabh. s Rubi, Fries . . Exoascus, Fckl. Alni, De Bary. - - form strobilina, Thum. . alnitorqua. form Alni-incane, Kibn . bullatus, Fckl. . : 4 deformans, Fckl. : - var. Potentille, Farlow . € 2G . . . . . . ° ° . . ° . . . . e ° e . . e e . 450 INDEX. PAGE PAGE Exoascvs—continuea. HeLotium—continuea. Pruni, Fckl. ° . ° - 400 clavus (A. and S.) : ° - 325 Tosquinetii, Sacc. e : - 403 conigenum (Pers ) : 3 anckog turgidus, Sadeb. . ° . - 404 coronatum, Karst. = - - ~ . 295 GY ROMITRA, Erics... ‘, ae politum, Phil. =. “: : . 165 esculenta, Fries. ° P 8 pruinosum, Jerd. . s P - 165 gigas (Kromb.), Cooke. ? ° . 9 punctiforme (Grev.) . 168 punctoideum, Karst. - 269 HEELOTIUM, Fries . . . 152 pygmeum, Karst. ; _ aciculare, Pers. . a, 20 renisporum, Ellis 4 . 143 acuum (A. and S.), Karst. | 246 repandum, Phil. . . : 7) 16h advenulum, Pbil. ; - « 183 ‘rhodoleucum, Fries. : - -ESt eruginosum, Fries, . oe UST rhyzophilum, Fckl. . . 144 agaricinum, Berk. : ° - 170 rubi, Sprée . . s . - 143 alboluteum, Karst. i * - 260 salicellum, Fries . ‘ ‘ « 169 albo-punctum, Bucknall, » 163 sclerotioides, Berk, F ‘ «, eG alniellum (Nyl. Wie ‘ F - 156 scoparium, Cooke. x - . 168 amenti, Karst. . . ° - 143 scrupulosum, Karst. . . - 272 aquaticum, Curr. . ° » 134 scutula, Karst. . S «, et arenevaga (Desm.), Gill. s - 186 var. albidum, Karst. 3 - es Aspegrenii, Fries. pe ° - 124 serotinum, Berk. . y - 125 aureum, Pers. , ‘ ° - 189 sublateritium, B. ‘and Br. ey ty | badium, Phil. F a - am LOT subsessile, Schum. . 158 buccina, Fries. : : «, LtO subtile, Fries é P . 182 calyculus, Berk. , . ° . 136 sulphuratum (Schum. i = ., 16% caulicola, Karst. . ‘ F ee testaceum, Berk. . ” “ « 810 cerinum, Karst. . » 234 tuba, Fries . ° ‘ ‘ + 126 chrysostigma (ries), Karst. - 3828 wrtice, Karst. . . ‘ . él circinans, Swarts < ‘ + ae versiforme, Berk. ° ° » 146 citrinum, Vries , : : a) 167 vibrissioides, Peck : - 820 citrinum (Hedw.) ’ : - 167 virgultorum, Karst. . ° - 134 J » claro-flavum (Grev.) , e - 165 viryultorum, Patuil. . . + 187 Z clavatum, Kaist.. e e - 141 xeroplasticum, Rehm , ° - 192 HELVELLA, Linn. . acicularis, Bull. . ‘ agariciformis, Bolt. albida, Pers. ° atra, Konig. . ‘ aurea, Bolt. . P cinerea, Vill. . : coccinea, Bolt. . ° cochleata, Bolt. costata, Afz. crispa, Fries . elastica, Bull. elastica, Rabh. ephippium, Lévy. esculenta, Pers. feritoria, Bolt. Jibuliformis, Bolt. ; Fuliginosa, Dicks. 5 Fusca, Bull. . Ads re gigas, Kromb. . : glutinosus, Bull. . : grandis, Cum. guepinioides, Berk. and Cooke hybrida, Sow ; infula, Scheff. . 5 Klotzschiana, Corda . lacunosa, Afz. levis, Berg. . fA leucophea, Tratt. . lutea, Berg. F macropus, Karst. . . mitra, Bull. 0 mitra, Purt. ‘ t m_wachella, Fries ° monachella, Thum. , nigra, Berg. . ‘ nigrescens, Pers. . ° pallide-fuliginea, Fries pezizoides, Fries . phalloides, Afz. pulla, Holms. 5 Relhani, Sow. . sarcoides, Dicks. . serotinum, Berk. . spadicea, Scheff. . spathularia, Sow. subcostata, Cooke sulcata, Afz. - vesiculosa, Bolt. . HELVELLACE ZA, Fries. HETEROSPH ARIA. Grev. patella (Tode) Grev. Ilumaria, Fckl. . 5 carneo-sanguinea, Fekl. hemispherica (Wigg.), Fckl. livida (Schum.), Fckl. scutellata (Linn.), Fckl. setosa, Nees . : stercorea (Pers.), Fekl. umbrorum, Fckl. - HYALopeziza, Fckl. ciliaris (Schrad.), Fekk patula (Pers.), Fckl. . HY MENOSCYPHA, Fries advenula, Phil. , - alhida (Rob.) . - yar, Atsculi . : INDEX. PAGE 9 HymEnoscyrnaA—continued. #26 amentacea (Balb.) * 20 amenti (Batsch) eG, aquatica (Curr.) . : = 16 Aspegrenii (Fries) . 125 aurea (Pers.) eae | bolaris (Batsch) - 66 Broomei, Phil. . - 58 Bryophila (Fries) & a3 cacaliz (Pers. ) 10 calyculus (Sow.) . ‘15, 18 Candolleana (Lév. ) + ALS caucus (Rehent.) . 3 18 ciboroides (Fries) . . 8 clavata (Pers.) « ‘30 concolor, Phil. 156 coronata (Bull. ) 16 var, inflexa (Bolt.) . > 16 Curreyana (Berk. ) ° 9 cyathoidea (Bull.) - - 38 var. Epilobii (Cooke) SL: var. Solani (Pers. ) es 5, Durieana (Tul.) . 5 7 eburnea (Rob.) . 13, 17 echinophila (Bull.) See ae 00 i) is) 207 I bo rn Tee se) Le ey ae — _ x La ae anrtnwr i ~T - 206 Nore em =F 0 324 125 wr oe Te He me bw 371 371 ise) bo 222 212 221 223 406 224 219 Se Sane be Ga ih ue te Pe ie) Bee, 9» 4 6 27 ea) 0 252 251 111 133 138 138 electrina (Phil. and Plow. Nes emergens (Cooke and Phil.) filipes, Phil. : firma (Pers. yi fructigena (Bull. ) : Hedwigii, Phil. . - laburni (B. and Br.) luteo-virescens (Rob.) . Iutescens (Hedw.) monilifera (Fckl.) nitidula (B. and Br.) petiolorum (Rob.) pseudo-tuberosa (Rehm) renisporum (Ellis) rhizophila (Fckl.) rhodoleuca (Fries) sclerotiorum (Lib.) scutula (Pers.) . : var.fucata, Phil.” 7; var, Lysimachie, Phil. var. Menthe, Phil. . var. Rudbeckiz, Phil. serotina (Pers.) , : sordida (Fckl.) strobilina (Fries) . subtile (Fries) . subularis (Bull.) . tuba (Bolt.) . ° . tuberosa ( Bull. ex Urtice (Pers.) virgultorum ( Vahl.) HyYsTEROPEZIZA, Rabh. erumpens , - . LACHNEA Fries. albo-spadicea (Grev.) . albotestacea (Desm.) arenicola (Lév.) var. Bloxami (Cooke) aurelia ( Pers.) : barbata (Kunze) . . bicolor (Bull.) . . 452 INDEX. PAGE PAGE LacHnEa—continued. LACHNELLA, Phil. . a . 255 brunnea(A.andS.) . : . 209 acutipila (Karst.). . . - 252 bulbo-crinita, Phil. 2 ; ype var. letior (Karst.) . : . 252 bulbosa (Hedw.) . - “ . 205 acuum (A, and S.) : . . 246 cerulea (Bolt.) . - . - 230 albo-testacea (Desm.) . * 273 cesia (Pers.) : : - ei albo-violascens = Cyphella. calycina (Schum.)_. : . 241 apala (B. and Br.) s . 253 calyculiformis (Schum.) . BEV aranea (De Not.) . . : =» See carneo-sanguinea (Fckl.) . - 222 araneo-cincta, Phil. . - ane caulicola (Fries) . : < = 2ST Aspidii (Lib.), Fekl. . ° . 246 cerina (Pers.) .« . ° ~ ear aspidiicola, B. and Br. . : - 245 chavetie (Lib.) . . : ene barbata (Kunze) . : 2 - 263 ciliaris (Schrad.) . . : - 252 var. 8, pellita (Pers.) 2 Pe BES clandestina (Bull.) . - . 236 Berkelei (Blox.) . . 3 - 270 coccinea (Jacq.) . : - - 203 bicolor ( Bull.) 2 - . 249 cocotina (Cooke) . ° . .- 206 brunneola(Desm:) . : . 238 coprinaria (Cooke) - : - 224 var. fagicola, Phil. . : - 238 corium (Webevtb.) : : . 204 calycina, Schum. . : : . 241 cornubiensis (B. and Br.) . - 229 var. Trevelyani, Cooke . . 242 corticalis (Pers.) . é - . 258 calyculeformis (Schum.) . = ee cretea (Cooke) . : . ; 228 candidata (Cooke) ° F <> R13 crucipila (Cooke and Phil.) . . 229 canescens (Cooke) 4 c . 259 -Dalmeniensis (Cooke) . - eT caulicola (Fries) . . . - 236 diminuta (Rob.) . - 2 ae cerina (Pers. ) A ° F . 233 erecta (Sow.) E 2 : - 226 ciliaris (Schum.) . ‘ : » 251 fulvo-coccinea, Phil. . “ Argel citricolor (B. and Br.) . . - 260 geaster (B. and Br.) . : . 210 clandestina (Bull.) . . - 236 gregaria (Rebm) : : . 214 Comitesse (Cooke) . ° - 263 helvelloides (Fries). : - 206 corticalis (Pers.) . . . - 258 hemispherica (Wigg.). - «Alt crucifera, Phil. . . . - 250 hinulea (B. and Br.) . ~ - 219 cupressi (Batsch) . . A - 240 hirta(Schum.)_. - 5 . 220 dematiicola (B. and Br.) . « 265 hirto-coccinea (Phil. and Plow.) . 212 diminuta (Rob.) . z * - 253 var. fulvo-coccinea . . arene 3k: diplocarpa (Curr.) ° < = noe hyalina (Pers.) . . : - 268 dumorum (Rob.) . . : - 261 hybrida (Sow.) . ° ‘ - 214 echinulata (Awd.) . . - 249 lapidaria (Cooke). : - . 210 epispheria ( Mart.) ; ‘ er US livida (Schum.) . - eek erythrostigma (B. and Br.) . - 254 macropus (Pers.) . : - 207 escharodes (B. and br.) , . 262 melastoma (Sow ) - - . 216 filicea (Cooke and Phil.) . . 254 micacea (Pers.) . i r - 209 flammea, A.andS. . 2 - 407 nidulus Sane and Schum.) . 264 fraxinicola (B. and Br.) ‘ =, Bie nivea (Hedw.) . : : - 245 fugiens, Phil. . : . - 268 papillaris (Bull.) * . « 257 fuscescens (Pers.) 5 4 . 285 patens (Karst.) . “ d « 239 grisella, Cooke and Phil. Q a “960 pineti (Batsch) . ° ; “eer hyalina (Pers.) . : . - 267 ygmea (Fries) . ; : - 248 latebricola(Rehm) . 7 at radiculata (Sow.). : : . 202 leuconica (Cooke) . 267 var. Percevalii, Phil. : - 208 luteola (Curr.) « « “Mae Rose (Pers.) A ie : y 29 luzulina, Phil. . . . . 244 rubra(Cooke) . . a, te) B25 melazantha (Fries) . . - 266 scutellata (Linn.) . - . 222 micacea, Pers. . «| aay - 269 sepulta (Fries) . . « 209 nidulus (Schm. and Kunze). . 264 setosa, Nees . . - 406 nivea (Hedw.) . . . . 245 spadicea (Pers.) « . 258 nuda, Phil. . . . . - 247 stercorea (Fries) . ‘ ; » 223 cedema (Desm.) . . d « Oth sulfurea pers.) : ‘ ; . 264 palearum sthy ‘ F . 239 Sumn riina (Cooke) . ; + 238 papillaris (Bull.). : . - 267 theleb loides (A. andS.)_ . - 225 patula (Pers.) > ® F « 6. trechispora (B. and br.) . . 218 pellita, Pers. ; >, . 263 oe umbrata (Fries) . . .- - 222 plano-umbilicata (Grev.) - 274 umbrorum (Fckl.) . a - 219 rasina, Quelet. : - «| BGk variecolor (Fries). ° A - 260 teridis (A. andS.) . . . 256 virginea (Batsch) . : « 248 punctoidea (Karst.) . . . 268 vitellina (Pers.) . . ‘ . 220 pygmea (Cok. ‘ - a . 242 Woolhopeia (Cooke and Phil.) . 215 resinaria (Cooke and Phil.) . + 242 LAC INELLA, Fries . 230, 255 rhabarbarina, Fries 2. « « 343 INDEX. 453 PAGE PAGE LACHNELLA—continued, Levucotoma, Fckl. Rhytisme, Phil. . 4 ‘ « 260 ascoboloides, Rem P - - 938 rufo-olivacea(A.and8.). . 275 avillaris, ¥ckl. . ‘ ; » 93 Schumacheri (Fries). ’ . 262 coccineus, Fckl. . : . - 102 var. plumbea (Grev.) F . 262 convecula (Pers.), FP ckl F .* 195 scrupulosa (Karst.) . ; a Li Hedwigii, Fckl. . , * OL siparia (B. and Br.) : . 276 rutilans (Fries) Fr kl. . >. 89 solfatera (Cooke and Ellis) : . 246 | LIcHEN spadicea ( Pers.) : 258 atratus, Hedw. . : : - 366 sporotricha (Oude) = . 266 sarcoides, Jacq. . ‘ P “) 323 Stevensoni (B. and oes . 235 | LYCOPERDON. Stockii (Cooke and Phil.) 5 Pail Equiseti, Hoffm. ° ° - 321 subtilissima (Cooke) . : 244 radiatum, Linn. , . ° . 380 sulphurea (Pers.) * - 264 var. leucophea Car. ) . . 265 | MBRULEUS. Tami (Desm.) - F e270 tubeformis, With A - « 126 var. Humuli. . 270 | MicroGcLossum. trichodea (Phil. and Plow. x . 234 olivacewm (Pers ). . ° eo tricolor (Sow) . . . 240 viride . : : . . - | 32 variecolor (Fries) . 3 : . 259 | Micropopra. virginea (Batsch) . . . . 248 macropus (Purs.) . ° ‘ «) 207 Lacunoum, Karst. : : 5 . 236 | Mirropnora, Lev. acutipilum, Karst. ‘ »* 250 gigas, Lév 2 A ‘ ° 6 var. letior, Karst. . . - 252 semilibera, Lév. . : . ° U bicolov (Bull.) . , . 249 MITRULA, Fries - yan 26 calyculiformis (Schum. ees a) 237 abietis, Fries : 3 é an 20 clandestina ( Bull.) : - 236 alba, Wor. Smith : . - 29 leucopheeum (Pers.) . se 200 cucullata (Batsch), Fries. ae Zin nidulus (Schm. and Kunze) - 264 Heydevia, Pers. . ; . oe an patens, lvarst. : ‘ « 239 minula, Sow. s 2 ; = 29 sulfureum ( Pers.) : Z - 264 palludosa, Fries . . ; 28, 29 virgineum (Batsch) . . - 248 pusilla, Fries. . : 7) ae Lampnrospora, De Not. viridis, Karst é r ! a 32 miniata, De Not. . Mey oe § . 84 | MOLLISIA, Fries. LAQUEARIA, Fries - + NE: albula, Phil:. F d ‘ . 192 spheralis, Fries . . . - 372 aquosa (B. and Br. DAL 2 eee LECANIDION, Rabh. Arctii, Phil. . é : - 183 atrum, Rabh. A : . . 366 arenevaga (Desm. ) ‘ : -. 186 EOLA EME ee Rw 8 2 aitimisie (Lasch;) . . . 188 acicularis, IBCs ie . : s 26 arundinacea (D. C.) 5 - age Bulliardi, Pers... - : «) 28 aspidiicola (B. and Br. ) . 245 chlorocephala, Schw. . . es atrata (Pers. ) o 18D circinans, Pers, . . “ . 24 var. Asparagi (Winter) - 182 clavus, Pers. . : . ely var. Mercurialis (Fckl.) . - 183 conica, Pers. a ‘ " ee 21 var. Ginanthes, Phil. : ee Dicksonit, Pers. 5 : a2 var. Rubi, Karst. : 350 gelatinosa, Bull. . : : a 23 var. ulmariz (Lasch.) . . 182 gelatinosa, Hill. . . . 28 atro-cinerea (Cooke) = . 176 Geoglossoides, Corda . : ee 32 atro-virens (Fries) . = . 325 gracilis, Pers. - ‘. : oo Be benesnada (Tul.) . 2 se G4: laricina, Pers. . : A woutas Bullii (Wor. Smith) - . 194 lubrica, Pers. Te repo 82 Cerastiorum (Wallr.). . . 199 Ludwigiti, Pers. . ‘ é ie 28 cinerea (Bastch) . : : ee ha NE PE 6a! ode. 28 coccinella (Sommf.) . . . 329 mitrula, Pers. . ° 4 ae oa Curreyana, Phil. . : . 406 nana, With. . ° ° . 26 cyanites, Cooke and Phil. . 1G pusilla, Nees ¢ . ¥ 27 dentata (Pers.) ‘ ; oo San Queletii, Cooke . 2 . - 25 diaphana (Sow. “e : - . 335 Stevensoni, Berk. S ‘ oe oe Digitalina, Phil. . 3 ' - 190 truncorum, A.andS. . - =. SL6 dilutella (Fries) . ° . < GL uliginosa, Grey. . : 28 discolor (Mont.) . : F oe) Lia LEPTOGLOSSUM, Cooke . 31 ebuli (Fries), Karst. . ° - 187 olivaceum ( Pers.) . = '88! effugiens (Rob.) . . “ a 196 purpureum (Berk.) . . . 33 elaphines (B. and Br.). a 178 viride (Pers.) : ~ 3 - 32 epithallina, Phil. and Plow. os Eis LEPTOTROCHILA, Karst. erumpens (Grev. ) ° e196 radians, Karst. . rs 2 . 3889 Euphorbiz (B. and Br. ) ° . 198 repandum, Karst. ee ee excelsior, Karst... =. 454 MOotuista—continued, fallax (Desm.) . filicum, Phil. . flaveola (Cooke) . feecunda, Phil. . Susarioides ( Berk.) Susca (Pers.) graminis (Desm.) Grevillei (Berk.) . hydnicola (B. and Br.) ilicincola (B. and Br.) . incarnata (Cooke) . jugosa, Phil. and Plow. lacustris (Fries) . leucostigma (Fries) lignicola, Phil. lurida ( Pers.) Mali (Rehm) melatephra (Lasch. ) micrometra (B. and Br.) nervisequia ( Pers.) edema (Desm.) . palustris (Rob.) . paulula (Rob. ore ear 6 Oe peristomialis de. and Br.) pineti(Batsch) . ° Plantaginis (Fckl.) Pteridis (Batsch). < Ranunculi(Wallr.) . Riccia (Sacc.) . ° Rose (Pers.) “ rubella (Pers.) . Smyrnii, Phil. and Plow. spherioides (Desm.) . straminum (B. and Br ) Teucrii (Fckl.) . Trifolii (Bernh.) . Typhe (Cooke) . urticicola, Phil. versicola (Desm.) viburnicola (B. and Br. ) vinosa (A. and S.) . vulgaris (Fries) . . xanthostigma (Fries) . MOLuisieLuaA, Phil. . MORCHELLA, Dill . acuminata, Kickx, ceracea, Kromb. . ; conica, Fries . . conica, Pers. . continua, Tratt. costata, Kunze and Schm. crassipes, Pers. crispa, Kromb. deliciosa, Fries esculenta (Linn.) . . gigas, Pers. . > > hybrida, Pers. patula, Cooke patula, Tratt. rigida, Kromb. . rotunda, Pers. * semilibera, D. C. . s Smithiana, Cooke. ° Myxosrortum, Link. paradoxum, De Not. .« INDEX. PAGE Nz#mMacycuius, Fckl. 175 pinastri, Fckl. . 2 191 NEOTIELLA, Cooke . . 192 NeEvIA, Fries. 189 seriata, Lib. . . 331 NIPTERA, Fries . 232 cinerea (Batsch), Fekl. 185 lacustris (Fries), Fckl. 180 Mercurialis, Fckl. ; 194 Riccia, Sacc. . . 193 Teucrtt, Fckls. « . 191 184 Ocrospora, Hedw. 150 bulbosa, Hedw. . ° 330 citrina, Hedw. . 180 Jasciculata, Hedw. 197 Sungoidaster, Hedw. 194 hemastigma, Hedw. 189 hirta, Hedw. ; 184 lutescens, Hedw. . Med nivea, Hedw. . Di pustulata, Hedw. a 189 rhizophora, Hedw. . 186 scutellata, Hedw.. . 201 scutellata, Schum. : 195 tuberosa, Hedw. . Pr 183 Orpiuy, Link. 256 bullatum, B. and Br. . 200 OMBROPHILA, Fries 175 atro-virens (Pers.) . 279 brunnea, Phil. . . 334 clavus (A. and S.) 192 purpurea (Fckl.) . 187 rudis ( Berk.) : 196 sarcoides (Jacq.) . 176 strobilina (Fries) . 199 Sydowiana (Rehm) . 188 OrBILIA, Fries. 177 coccinella (Sommf. Ds Fries. . 195 inflatula, Karst. 185 leucostigma . 333 var. B zanthostigma, Fries 335 leucostigma, Fries ‘ 329 luteo-rubella (Nyl.) . 193 vinosa (A. and S.) . 2 OripEA, Pers. : 4 cochleata (Bull. , Fckl. 4 leporina (Batsch) 4 onotica (Pers.) . . 4 4 PATELLARIA, —_ 5 aquatica, Curr. 5 atrata (Hedw.), Fries . 5 atro-alba, Cooke . 5 atro-vinosa, Blox. 3 bicolor, Curr. ° 6 Bloxami, Berk. 7 Bloxami, Berk. . 7 citrina (Cheval. ), B. and Br. 6 clavispora, B. and Br. . 4 compressa (A. and 8.). 4 connivens (Fries) . 7 constipata, Blox. , : 5 discolor, Mont. . - Fergussoni, B. and Br. . 397 flexella (Fries) . . Hyperici, Phil. . . PATELLARIA—continued, lecideola (Fries) . ‘ : . lignyota, Fries =. . litoralis, Phil. and Plow. . livida, B. and Br. F Lonicerw, Phil. . - - macrospora ae ‘ : ¥ maura, Phil. and Plow melazantha, Fries ° minutissima, Phil. ° olivacea (Batsch) pallida, Berk. : palustris, Curr. . parvula, Cooke. proxima, B. and Br. pulla, Fries . < rhabarbarina, Berk. rubro-tingens, B. and Br. sanguinea (Pers.), Karst. subtectum, Cooke F vermifera, Phil. PATELLARIACEZ®, Fries - Gees PeLtrp1uM, Kalch. Oocardii, Kalch. . * : é PERISTOMEALTS, Phil. . . p Pezicuua, Tul. Frangule, Tul . - - phyllophila, Karst rhabarbarina (Berk.), Tol. Rose (Berk.), Sacc. . . : PEZIZA, Dill. . abieties, Pers. abietina : ; var. olivacco-umbrina, Fries : acetabulum, Linn : : acicularis, ** Eng. Flo.” c acicularis, Fries . - 3 - acutipila, Karst. . acuum, A. and S.. Ade, Sadler . F : eruginosa, ** Flo. Dan.” agaricina, Carm.. : aggregata, Berk. . : albida (Rob.) - : albo-lutea, Nyl. . 5 albo-spadicea, Grev. . albo-testacea, Desm. . Z albo-violascens, A. and S. = cy- phella alnea, Pers, . . alniella, Nyl. . alutacea, Pers. . amentacea, Balb. . amentalis, Schum. amenti, Batsch . ammophila, Dr. and M. amphibola (Mass.) Nyl. ampliata, Pers. . : amplissima, Fries . ancilis, Rehm : anomala, “ Eng. Flo. ” — = Solenia ochracea. apala, B. and Br. . 5 apophysata, Cooke and Phil. aquosa, B. and Br. A : aranea, De Not. . ° ° araneo-cincta, Phil. . ° ae eS) (oe Oe :« os) er @ 0) 6 © «a 6 -e Bene 0 4) © 8.16 6) 8 a.) 0.5.5. ee INDEX. PAGE Pz1zaA—continued. 364 360 368 341 364 367 368 370 362 361 362 406 363 363 315 343 367 281 365 369 359 99 201 352 163 343 343 43 346 61 61 44 25 25 252 246 62 147 170 104 138 259 228 273 355 156 61 120 121 143 49 352 78 68 69 253 54 172 272 271 araneosa, Bull. . aranecosa, Sow. . Arctii, Phil. . : ardenensis, Mont. arenevaga, Desm. arenicola, Lev. var. Bloxami, Cooke argillacea, Sow. . e ‘ - 109 artemisia, Lasch. ‘ P - 188 ascoboloides, Berk. P . re OR ascoboloides, Mont. . F s 93 ascoboloides, Schw. . a an 95 Aspegrenti, Fries . ° ‘ - 124 Asperagi, Wint. . : 3 - 182 asperior, Nyl. 4 : as <85 aspidit, Lib. - : 2 « 246 aspidiicola, B. and Br... 245 asterostoma, Phil. » 267 atrata, Pers. 181, 188 form foliicola, Desm. % a) 184 var. Digitalina, Phil. ° 190 var. 6. ebult, Karst. . 187 atrata, Wahl. . : : 366 atratula, Nyl. : 181 atro-cinerea, Cooke . 176 atro-marginata, Phil. and Plow. 57 atro-rufa, Grev. . ; 216 atro-virens, Pers. . 3 325 Aucuparie (Pers.), Grev. 354 aurantia, Gad. 56 var. atro- marginata, Phil. and Plow. . a be var. stipitata, Phil. ‘ a Bt aurantiaca, Hartz. 3 «56 aurea, Sow. . . - - ob aurelia, Pers. F ‘ - 280 auricolor, Blox. . z ; 5 BB! auricula, Cooke 3 3 om) De: auricula, Scheff, . 3 4 2) 68 aurora, Crouan, . - 308 axillaris, Nees. F . +295 Babingtonit, Berk. a? Pare ~ Ei badia, Pers. . 3 - ; = -58 barbata, Kunze , - 3 - 263 benesueda, Tul. a ee Berkeleti, Blox. . : . 246, 270 bicolor, Bull. F P é 249 Bloxamii, B. and Br. . . . 408 Bloxami, Cooke . 4 x Bee dal bolaris, Batsch . ~ ow Lee bovina, Phil. : - : o” TOL briophila, Fries , - . aig ds, Browniana, Blox. . - ‘ - 408 brunnea, A.andS. . - 209, 214 brunnea, Batsch . E = 7, aif brunnea, Cooke : = « DES: brunnee-atra, Desm. . - Paey brunneola, Desm. = é 238 var. fagicola, Phil. . : nea) buccina, Fries . A : a ZO bufonia, Pers. : - : 15 bulbo-crinita, Phil. “ : 227 bulbosa (Hedw. ) Nees . . 205 ‘bulgarioides, Rabh. . . 118, 14€ Bullii, Smith : ° " - 194 cacalie, Pers. ° ° ° . 146 456 INDEX. PAGE PrezizA—continued. conigena, Pers. . coniicola, Cooke and Phil. 52 connivens, Fries . : PEz1Iza—continued. cerulea, Bolt. e Cesia, Pers. “ caligata, Nyl. . callosa, Bull. é 174 constellatio, B. and Br. ‘ . 86 callunigena, Karst. A Br convexula, Pers. . a ~ ~@5 calycina, Nyl. ‘ 244, 249 coprinaria, Cooke . = . 224 calycina, Schum... : : = Qat corallina, Cooke . 2 o PGS var. Trevelyana, Cooke . « 242 corium, Weberb. < : - 204 calyculeformis, Schum. a 237 cornea, B. and Br. : 332 calyculus, Fries . = . pr a6 Cornubiensis, B, and Bes @ - 229 candidata, Cooke . = ° 273 coronaria, Jacq. . - - 68 Candolliana, Lév. ss 114 coronata, Bull. . = : 127 canescens, Cooke . y ‘ . 259 corticalis, Pers. . 5 = 258 carbonaria, A.andS. . ; 5 = ag crenata, Bull. ‘ - 2 ee carbonigena, Berk. - - 103 crenulata, Fckl. . : Z « (216 carnea, Cooke and Phil. . J (48 cretea, Cooke < = : 228 carnosissima, Phil. 5 : 103 cribrosa, Grev. . . F «88 carpini, Batsch . 5 ° 123 crispa, Sow. . ° x . - 337 caucus, Rebent. . - 121 Crouani, Cooke . - i . 84 caulicola, Fries. . - 236 crucifera, Phil. 3 3 «(250 cerasi, Grev. ° ‘ * 341 crucipila, Cooke and Phil. 2 - 230 cerast, Pers. . : y \ 341 culmicola, Desm. . Z « 148 cerastiorum, Wallr. . e . 200 cupressi, Batsch : : ‘ 240 cerea, Sow. : p F 74 cupressina, Pers. . ‘ . 240 cerina, Pers.. . : = 233 eupularis, Linn. . : = AP ~/cervaria, Phil. . 2 ‘ 100¥ var. carbonaria, Weinm. ; ae Chailletii, Pers. . : 371 Currei, Berk. = : : «GED Chateri, Smith . ~ : 89 Curreiana, a bn ae - ‘ » CEE Chavetie, Lib. . ; - 277 Curreyana, Berk. ; : oo DET chrysophea, Pers. ° : 377 Cyathoidea, Bull. . : 2 - 140 chrysopthalma, Gerard, - 95 Dalmeniensis, Cooke ° > at chrysostigma, Fries. : . 3828 dematiecola, B. and Br. - . 266 ciborioides, Fries . ‘ ° ~ LI denigrans, Fckl. . . ‘ = Se ciborium, Fries. oe 45 dentata, Pers. . ‘ - 332 var. major, B. and Br. . yu 46 denticulata, Schum. . 3 13y ciliaris, Schrad. . 3 . - 250 depressa, Phil. . - " oe var. B. globulifera . - 250 depressula, Nyl. . 5 : « (LOT ciliata, Bull. _ “ . o . 224 dichroa, Holms. . 7 2 ave ciliata, Hoffm. . ; + 223 Digitalina, Phil. . 2 . ~ 2196 cinerea, Batsch . * 4 sw1%3 dilutella, Fries . F a « » 19a cinnabarina, Schw. . ; - 85 diminuta, Rob. . ' ° - 253 cinnamomea, D.C. .« a5 242 diplocarpa, Curr. . a S «4298 citricolor, B. aud Br. . ‘ Jt 261 domestica, Sow. . = ; o LOE citrina, Batsch . @ . a LET domiciliana, Cooke . ‘ Pee clandestina, Bull. i a 296 dumorum, Desm. . x a .- 262 var. caiyculiformis, Schum. . 237 Durieana, Tul. . i . + cas var. caulicola, Fries . » 286 Ebuli, Karst. " , = iG ASE var. latebricola (Rehm) » 237 eburnea, Rob... . - - 145 var. patens, Fries. . 239 pr Fee Bull. F . - 122 claro-flava, Grev. - 165 inulata, Awd.. . - 250 clavariarum, Desm, = ‘Spheria. eclecta, Berk. and Cooke . 400 clavata, Pers. : F - 141 effugiens, Rob. . . ‘ «196 clavus, A. and 8S. . z : » 825 elaphines, B. and Br. . + 180 coccinea, Jacq. . ° ° - 203 electrina, Phil. and Plow. . - 142. coccinea, Scheeff. . P ‘ . 56 emergens, Cooke and Phil. . «ye coccinea, Sow. . < e a 56 epidendra, Bull. . < - 204 - coccinella, Somme, ° . - 829 epiphragmidium, Phil. ¥ . 271 cochleata, Batsch . ‘ ° -» 56 epiphylla, Pers. . e - > -b68 var. ° . te epispheria, Mart. P - 273 cochleata, Bull. » a’ 60 epithallina, Phil. and Plow. a A cochleata, f. alutacea, > equina, **Flo. Dan.” . . . 224 cochleata, Holms. var. pilosa, Karst. . 3 - 812 cocotina, Cooke . Equiseti, Fries, . . » 321 comitesser, Cooke . erecta, Sow. . ‘ e P . 226 compressa, A. and S, eriobasis, Berk, . ' P « (998 conformis, Nyl. . erumpens, Grev. , ; p « 197 Puziza—continued. erythrostigma, B. and Br. . escharodes, B. and Br. . Buphorbie, B. and Br. excelsior, Karst. . - exidiiformis, B. and Br. eximia, Dr. and Lév. . Jagicola, Phil. Jaginea, Pers. . Jallax, Desm. Jascicularis, A. and S. Serruginea, Schum. . . var. disciformis, Hoff. . Jibrillosa, Curr. Jibula, Bolt. = ‘fibuliformis JSibuliformis, Fries ‘ Jilicea, Cooke and Phil. Jilicum, Phil. . Jilipes, Phil.. . Jilispora, Cooke . Jimbriata, Chaill. Jirma, Pers. . : Jlammea, A. and S. Jlava, Klotzsch . Jlaveola, Cooke . Slavida, Phil. “ Jlavo-fuliginea, Karst. JSlexella. Fries ‘ 5 Jecunda, Phil. . ° Fraxini, Schw. . : Sraxinicola, B. and Br. : Jriabilis, Phil. and Plow. Friesti, Pers. . Jructigena, Bull. . var. virgultorum Jucata, Phil. : Jugiens, Phil. 2 Julvo-coccinea, Phil. Surfuracea, Fries Surva, Nyl. . 6 . fusarioides, Berk. Jusca, Bolt. . ° JSusca, Pers. . ° Suscesens, Pers. . Susispora, Berk. . var. aggregata, Berk. var. Scotica, Rabh, geaster, B. and Br. geaster, Rabh. glandicola, Doass. glumarum, Desm. Godroniana, Mont. graminis, Desm. grandis, Pers. s granulata, Bull. . gregaria, Rehm . Grevillei. Berk. - grisella, Cooke and Phil. hemastigma, Hedw. . Helminthosporii, Blox. helotioides, Fries . ° helvelloides, Fries ‘ hemispherica, Wigg. . var. minor, Nyl. F var. proximella, pare hepatica, Batsch . herbarum, Pers. . . INDEX. PAGE . . ° . . . . . e . . nw — o ~ te.2) on fo) ie) o * . . 1] . . ° . . ° . . 1 ~ © Preziza—continued. hinulea, B. and Br. . hirsuta Holmes. hirta, Schum. hirto-coccinea, Phil. and Plow. hispida, Scheff. hispida, Sow. hispidula, Schrad. Humilis, Desm. humosa, B. and Br. humosa, Fries humosa, Rehm Humuli, Lasch. hyalina, Leight. . hyalina, Pers. . hybrida, Sow. hydnicola, B. and Br. hydnoidea, Sow. - Hyperici, Phil. . ‘ 2 tlicincola, B. and Br. : imberbis, Bull. . : incarnata, Cooke. 2 indiscreta, Phil. and Plow. . inflatula, Karst. . é inflexa, Bolt. infundibuliformis, Grev. inquinans, Pers. insolita, Cooke isabellina, Wor. Smith . 3 Johnstoni, Berk. . E jugosa, Phil. and Plow. . julacea, Pers. . 5 P juncifida, Nyl. jungermanniz, Nees , Keithii, Phil. : . : labellum, Bulls —. é a lacustris, Fries. : . leetirubra, Cooke . lanuginosa, Bull. var. Sumnert, Berk. 5 lapidaria. Cooke . : - laricis, Rehm - 2 lasia, B. and Br. . latebricola (Rehm) Lecanora Schum. e lechithina . : * lecideola, Fries . “ Ledi, A. and S. : leiocarpa, Curr. . ° lenticularis, Bull. 457 PAGE lentifera, Bolt. = = Cyathus verni- cosus. leporina, Batsch . . 5 leporina, Rabh. . ° leporina, Sow. . 2 : leptospora, B. and Br. . 7 leucoloma, Hedw. leucoloma, Karst. . leuconica, Cooke . leucophea, Pers. . leucostigma, Fries leuculenta, Cooke Lichenoides, Pers. ligniaria, Karst. lignyota, Fries. lintei Phil. and Plow. litora . and Plow. 219 212 220 213 207 212 408 167 92 92 &6 167 330 267 214 194 264 363 193 165 191 73 335 127 136 314 45 63 282 184 120 117 101 98 212 150 85 213 211 241 327 237 374 96 364 357 65 157 52, 53 54 52 320 91 87 267 265 330 59 277 99 360 64 363 458 PEz1zA — continued. livida. Schum. . lividula, Phil. - ° lurida, Pers. - lutea, Reich. 2 luteola, Curr. luteo-niteus, B. and Br. PAGE 221 76 197 224 247 58 luteo-niteus. Cooke. : oP '59 luteo-rubella, Nyl. : A - 333 luteo-virescens, Rob. . - “eu Gal lutescens, Hedw. . c : 7 MLS luzulina, Phil. . - - 244 lycoperdioides, D.C. . > 8 ek macrocalyx, Reiss. a a1. 68 macrocalyx, Wor. Smith 68 macrocystis, Cooke . 91 macropus, Pers. . ‘ : 16, 207 Mali, Rehm - - - - 194 marchantie, B. . % - 164 marginata, Sow. . : é - 330 maura, Phil. and Plow. r . 368 maurilabra, Cooke - . 94 melaloma, A. andS, . : ="? 169: melanotheja, Fries : . - 370 melanozantha, Fries : - 266 melastoma, Sow. . F - + 216 melatephra, Lasch. . - - 189 melazantha, Fries : 370 mellea, Cooke and Plow. . <5 Menthe, Phil. - Z 2 < LaT Mercurialis, Fckl. e - ; 483 micacea, Pers. . = - 269 micrometra, B. and Br. 2 wlS4 micropus, Pers. : . : 63 var. flavida, Phil. J vag tt miliaris, Wall, = M. epithalina 173 minutissima, Batsch . < 7 49 misture, Phil. . = r 100 monilifera, Fckl.. : : 130 muralis, Sow. . . . 48 mutabilis, B. and Br. - 278 nervisequia, Pers. - ° 179 nidulus,Grev. . . 264 nigra, Bull. . : - - . 314 nigra, Sow. = P. clavariarum, Desm. nigro-punctata, Gerard ° 367 nitidula, B. and Br. . 142 nived, Fries , . 245 nivea, Sow. = virginea, Batsch. . 14 nuda, Phil. . . : ° . 247 ocellata, Pers. a 5 “ . 874 ochracea, Boud. . ° : s 62 ochracea, Grev. . ° ° - 169 ochracea, Karst. . e ° s 6 662 ochroleuca, Bolt. . ° ° « 123 adema, Desm. . e ° Shep Gnanthes, Phil. . * ° «, 282 olivacea, Batsch . e ~ . 861 ollaris, Fries P ° F - 102 omphalodes, Bull. . . - 106 onotica, Pers. e F P 7; 62 Oocardii (Kalch.). . ° - 98 palearum, Desm. . P e « 2389 pallescens, Pers. . : ° . 158 pallido-virescens, Phil. . » 121 palustris, Kob. . Pi . - 190 "INDEX. PEzizA—continued. papillaris, Bull. . patellaria, Pers. patula, Pers. paulula, Rob. pedicellata, Sow. pellita, Pers. Percevali, Berk. and Cooke . per istomealis, B.and Br. . Persoonti, Moug. petaloidea, Cooke and Phil. petiolorum, Rob. . phascoides, Fries . Phillipsii, Cooke . phlebophora, Band Br. phylophylla, Desm. Piggotii, B. and Br. . pilifera, Cooke . pineti, Batsch plano-umbilicata, Grev. Plantaginis (Fckl.) pleurota, Phil. . plicata, Pers. . plumbea, Grev. . pluvialis, Cooke . poculiformis, Hoffm. polymorpha, With. Polytrichi, Karst. Polytrichi, Rabh. Polytrichi, Schum. postuma, Berk. and Wilson . prasina, Quelet . - . prunastri, Grev. . Pr unicola, Fckl. . psammophila, Berk. and Curt. pseudo-tuberosa, Rehm - Pteridis, A. and S. pulveracea, A. and §. pulverulenta, Auers. punctiformis, Grev. punctoidea, Karst. purpurascens, Pers. pustulata, Pers. . pygmea, Fries. pyxidata, ‘Flo. Dan.” radiata, Pers. . radicata, Holms. . radiculata, Sow. . var. Percevali, Phil. radula, B. and Br. rapula, Pers. F rapulum, Bull. . recedens, Phil. . repanda, Wahl. . . resine, Fries = Lecidea. resinaria, Cooke and Phil. . reticulata, Grev. . . retrusa, Phil. and Plow. . rhabarbarina, Berk. . . rhabdosperma, B. and Br. . rhizopus, A.andS. . “ . 0) ya aie see Pee ew iglia 2 8 16 « rhodoleuca, Fries. Rhytisma, Phil. .« Ribesia, Pers, a rivulosa, Quelet . Rose, Pers. . rosea, Schum. . Peziza—continued. \oumegueri, Karst. var. carnosissima,' Phil. rubella, Pers. rubicola, Cooke and Phil. rubra, Cooke rudts, Berk. rufo-olivacea, A. and S. rutilans, Fries . e salicaria, Pers. . - salicella, Fries salmunicola, B. and Br. sanguinea, Pers, i . r saniosa, Schrad. . ° ° sarcoides, Pers. . ‘ ° schizospora, Phil. x “ Schumacheri, Fries - B var. plumbea, Grev. . Schweinitzii, Auers. Scirpi, Rabh. scleroti7, Fckl. . , sclerotioides, Berk. E sclerotiorum, Lib. scrupulosa, Karst. C scutellata, Batsch - scutellata, Bolt. . scutellata, Cooke . scutellata, Linn. . scutula, Pers. var. fucata, Phil. var. Menthe, Phil. p var. Rudbeckie, Phil. ‘ semi-immersa, Karst. . ° sepiatra, Cooke . : . sepulta, Fries ‘ serotina, Pers. sessilis, ‘Sow. =a Cyphella. setosa, Nees . Z ‘ . sicula, Inzeng. ; . siparia, B. and Br... : Smyrnti, Phil. . ‘ : Solant, Pers. solfatera, Cooke and Ellis sordida, Fckl. . Sowerbet, Cooke . Sowerbea, IPerss =< = spadicea, Fries. . spherioides (Desm. ) sporotricha, Oud. spurcata, Pers. . ° . oF eS ° . e eh 9 er SO Oe” wie 8 Ome s/ercoraria, Bull. : stercorea. Fries . stercorea, Per... . stereicola, Cooke . stcr-gmatizans, Phil. Stevensoni, B. and Br. . : stipitata, Bull. . : Stockit, Cooke and Ph il. 3 straminum, B. and Br. sti tata, Fries sirigosa, Fries = Exeipula stris fas strobilina, Fries . subhirsuta, Schum. é 4 var. macrocystis, Cooke . sublicia, Holmes. . subrepanda. Cooke and Phil. subtilis, Fiies : - é sa. INDEX. PAGE PrEz1zA—continued. 104 104 334 331 225 322 275 subtilissima, Cooke . subularis, Bull. . ’ subulata, Schum, subulipes, Pers, . ° succosa, Berk. . = sulphurata, Schum. sulphurea, Pers. . : var. leucophea, Pers. sulphureo-cesia, Schum. Sumneriana, Cooke Tami, Desm. ° tectoria, Cooke testacea, Moug. : Teucret, Fckl. - ° theleboloides, A. and S, var. rubra, Cooke . thejocroa, Pers. . : tomipora, Phil. . 5 trachycarpa, Curr. ‘ trechispora, B. and Br. Trevelyana, Cooke trichodea, Phil. and Plow. tricolor, Sow. 3 Trifolio um, Lib. . tripolit, B. and Br, ° truncatula, Rebent. . tuba, B lt. . . tuba, Fries . F ° tuberosa, Bull. . ‘ Typhe, Cooke : ulcerata, Phil. and Plow. ulmarie, Lasch. . . umbrata, Cooke . umbrata, Fries . - umbrina, Pers. . umbrorum, Eckl. . umbrosa, Fries . urceoliformis, Karst. undata, Wor. Smith unicisa, Peck - Urtice, Pers. ¢ = urticiola, Phil. variecolor, Fries . vectis, B. and Br. . venosa, Cooke c venosa, Pers. ; venosa, Weberb. . ventosa, Karst. . versicolor, Desm. . versiformis, Pers. : var. livida, Fries. vesiculosa, Bull. : var. cerea, Rehm ., vexata, Karst. viburnicola, B. and Br. villosa, Pers. = Cyphella. vinosa, A.andS.. F violacea, Pers. . . violascens, Cooke . virgined, Batsch . virgultorum, Fries var. 6. fructigena virgultorum, Vahl. viridaria, B. and Br. . viridt:, Bolt. A : vitellina, Pers. . ‘ 459 PAGE « 244 - 122 a eo @ oe tiie oe oe ia _ —) PHACIDIUM, Fries f 4 . 387 abietinum, Schmidt sclerotiorum (Lib.) scutula (Pers.) . 460 INDEX. PAGE " Peziza—continued. PHIALIA—continued. ; vivida, Nyl. . . ° - 88 citrina (Hedw.) . . . . vulcanalis, Peck . = - CAT clavata (Pers.) “ - vulgaris, Fries P : - 335 culmicola (Desm.) S . var. 6. diaphana, Sow. . se BSa cupressina (Batsch) . = Wauchit, Grev. : 280 Curreyana (Berk,) a - Willkommit, Hartig. . 241 cyathoidea (Bull.) . 2 Woolhopeia, ‘Cooke and Phil. 215 echinophila (Bull.) . ‘ Wrightii, Berk. - - 86 Jirma (Pers.) : ‘ . xanthomela, Pers. a 5 eee Sructigena (Bull.) ° F xanthostigma, Fries . : ~ 329 fusca (Pers.) = : ? Lai: - air. inflexa (Bolt.) -: an PEZIZELLA. luteo-virescens (Rob.) . . mali, Rehm. ° ~ - - 194 lutescens (Hedw. “i = sordida, Fckl. . - = . 144 Persoonti (Moug.) : PEZIZULA . ° . . - 299 petiolorwm (Rob.) - P crustacea, Karst. . : - . 299 phyllophila (Desm.) . = PHACIDIACE fale Ae sanguinea (Pers.) : . Arctostaphyli, Karst. - 391 subtile (Fries) . : y Calthe, Phil. P 391 subularis (Bull.) . ; : carbonaceum, Fries . 396 tuba (Bolt.) . - 2 5 - Cerastiorum, Gill. = : 200 tuberosa (Bull.) . < = a coronatum, Fries . . : 394 versicolor (Desm.) . . . dentatum, Schmidt 5 - 393 PHLYCTIDIUM. llicis, Lib. . 390 Ranunculi, Wallr. ° . Lauro-cerast, Desm. . ABE PHRAGMOPHORA. leptidium, Fries . - = BOD amphibola, Mass. . ° . . litigiosum, Rob. . - : . 200 Prrorrma, Sacc. ° ; _ minutissimum, Awd. . : . 389 vectis (B. and Br. ) 4 ° . multivalve, Fries « 390 PISTILLARIA. patella, Fries area micans, *‘Eng. Flo.” . 2 * Pini (A. and S.), Fries. - 3892 PirHya. quadratum, Schmidt . 395 cupressina, Fckl. «ia radians, Rob. : ° ° 388 PLECTANEA, Ranunculi, Cooke 2 200 coccinea (Jacq.) . - . repandum, Fries . . 395 melastoma (Sow.) . 2 Rubi, Fries . ‘ 4 » 394 PuicartA, Fckl. simulatum, B. and Br. . « ooO striatum, Phil. and Plow. . a Gon tetrasporum, Phil. and Keith . 388 Trifolit (Bernh.) . - eioe Vaccinii, Fries . = - - 389 valvatum, Schmidt : * «393 PHALLUS. conicus, **Flo. Dan.” . 2 ay to crassipes, Vente. . ‘ : . 5 esculentus, Linn. . = ‘ . 8 gigas, Batsch ° ° . ‘ 6 4 7 q 6 badia, Fckl. . cerea, Fckl. . ° foveata, Fckl. . “ . pustulata, Fckl. . repanda, Fckl. . reticulata, Fckl. . PROPOLIS, Fries angulosa, Karst. chrysophea (Pers. Jaginea (Schmidt), Karst. 2 | hysterioides (Desm.), Fckl. . Lecanora (Schum. var. Populi, De nivea, Fries . . s c phacidioides, Fries. . monachella, Scop. patulus,Gled. . rete, Batsch . squamosus, Vente. . . PHALOBOLETUS. Populi, De Not. . : : esculentus, Mich. aeulke 0, 7 Pyri (B. and Br.). ‘ , PHIALIA. rhodoleuca, Fries . ‘i albida (Rob.) . ei" « 188 aranea (De Not.) . . - 272 Aspegrenti (Fries) ° . a, 1Dh pat, ge ries) . F . « 126 cacalie (Pers.) . . rhodoleuca (Sommf.) ” . var. Strobilina, Dom ‘ ‘ Rosex, Fckl. . . e : versicolor, Fries 4 i ° ‘ 145 PSEUDO-HELOTIU M, Fckl. calyculus (Sow.) . ° . 136 hyalinum, Fekl. . . . . capillipes, Quelet. ‘ « 116 pineti, Fckl. +e ° ‘ caucus (Rebent.) . < . alae Pskupo-peziza, Fckl. ° . . ciborioides (ries) ° « » 118 Jungermannia, Fekl. . . . coronata (Bull.) . . “es » 127 Trifolit (Bernh.), Fckl. . INDEX, 461 PAGE PAGE PSILOPEZIA Berk. « . 110 | SpatuuLaArtA--continued. Babin stonii, Berk. , . e LILO Slava, Swartz 7 2 ? ‘. 20 myrothecioides, B. and Br. . 2 11 flavida, Pers. . ° . * 30 PcstTuLarta, Cooke . ‘ , ma SPHARIA. — cupularis, Fckl. . F ‘ AT arbuti, Sow. p , - oo» SOL micropus, Fckl. . “ , mu 63 Aucuparie, Pers. . “ ; . 354 vesiculosa, Fckl. . ‘ . ads bifrons, Sow. ‘ ‘ : ts PYRENO-PEzIzA, Fckl. ; ' a LIS concava, Sow. - P : . 398 atra, Fckl. . ‘ A s Le craterium, “Eng. Flo.” 5 ou Chailletii, Fckl. . ‘i » oe patella, Pers. : yor Plantagines, Fckl. ; , . 184 penetrans, a. patella, Tode a tad Rubi (Fries), Rehm. : . 850 Ribesia, Link, . ; - . 350 Pyrronema, Fckl. z - p Halts SPHZROBOLUS. confluens, Tul. . : - 106 rosaceus, Tode . - 2 «— 880 Marianum, Carus - i . 106 SPHINCTRINA, Fries. = Lichen, melalomum, Fckl. ‘ . 109 STAMNARIA, Fckl.. ° oa omphalodes, Fckl. a a - 106 Persoonii (Moug.) : 7 . 321 subhirsutum, Fckl. 108 | STEGIA, Fries : 398 RHIZINA, Fries ; 40 arundinacea, Fckl. . j : 177 5 . . . . levinats, Fries 41 ilicis, Fries . . : i . 398 , . . . t “oO nigro-olivacea, Curr. . : . 361 STIOTIS fers. eae ‘ ‘ oe undulata, Fries . yaad annulata, Cooke and Phil. . . 680 RHIZOPODELLA, Cooke ° - 216 arundinacea, Pers. . : "381 RuryTisma, Fries. ‘ Berkeleyana, Dr. and Lév.. =. 379 radicalis, Cooke . : > 358 chrysophea, Pers ; j 377 RYPAROBIUS, Bond. : - 298 Fagicola, Phil. s: Z : 385 argenteus (B. and Br.). : aoe graminum, Desm. . - 381, 386 Cookei (Crouan), Boud. : Mees hysterioides, Desm. . - 4 GEE Crouani(Renny). . ~. - 300 Lecamora, Fries . . . . 374 dubius, Boud. ae = S00 var. Pyri, B. and Br. : . 375 Leveilleanus (Renny) . : yet lichenicola, Mont. : - =. 3e2 parvisporus (Renny) . . . 303 longa; Fries)“. “gre "2 2 2386 subhirtus (Renny) 5 . . 302 salcrostomin. Carn 333 Woolhopensis, Renny . : - 302 nivea, Pers, . si ‘ g " 38] SACCOBOLUS, Boud. ocellata, Fries . . . . 374 cesariatus, Renny ° : « 29% pallida, Pers. 2 : a) eee depauperatus (B. and Br.) . . 296 parallela, Fries . ; : osu Kerverni > Boud. . .. 294 phacidioides, Fries. . sol neglectus, Boud. ° : e295 Pteridina (Phil. and Buck. ). . 384 obscurus (Cooke) . ee Se OD punctiformis, Pers. . . 386 violaceus, Boud. . - . 296 radiata, Pers. - - - - 380 SARCODEA, Karst. rhodoleuca, Sommf. . = Bi Sarcoides *urnalis 2 . ~ O24: var. strobilina, Desm. . os aD SARCOSCYPHA, Fries. - «202 seriata, Lib. . - 2 - waco SCHMITZOMIA, Fries. . ey: spheralis, Fries . - > eZ annulata (Cooke and Phil.) . . 379 versicolor, Fries . 5 “ 2 an arundinacea (Pers.) . ; 330 var. Strobilina, Desm. . 375 atro-alba, Phil. and Plow. . 379 Wauchit, Berk.=Rhytisma mazi- Berkeleyana, Dr. and mie - 379 mum. decipiens, Karst. TI nivea (Pers.), De Not... . 381 | TAPESIA (Pers. » eae | eo SPATHULARLIA, Pers. crispa, Corda . 30 TAPHRINA, Tul. ay eo alnitorgua, Tul. . R . - 403 radiata (Linn.) . ° - 380 aurelia, Pers. ac. , aE AO ScLERODERRIS (Fries), De Not. ceesia (Pers.) a : ~ OTe amphibola (Mas.) Gill. . - 352 var. chavetie . = . 2 en Suliginosa (Fries), Karst. . . 384 chavetiea, Lib. . - - . QT ribesia (Fries), Karst. . : - 350 eriobasis (Berk.) . - : 2 aS ScieroTinia, Fckl. . = A su ne fusca (Pers.) : - : - 282 Batschiana, Zopf. - = 119 Johnstoni, Berk. : . 282 Candolleana (Lév.), Fekl. . ei! mutabilis (B. and Br. ie . 270 Libertiana, Fckl. ° : - 115 rhabdosperma (B. and Br. ). . 280 Scutellinia, Cooke : - oe LY. Rose (Pers.) 2 219 tuberosa (Hedw.), Fckl. . - ws var. Prunicola (Fckl. ) A ey SCUTELLINIA, Cooke . ° > 217 sanguinea (Pers.). : = . 289 SEPULTARIA, Cooke : 208 variecolor, Fckl. . : 3 e259 462 INDEX. PAGE TarHRiIna—continued,. TympPanis—continued. bullata, Fckl. ° . ° - 402 laracina (Fckl.) . ° . . deformans, Tul. . . . - 401 ligustri, Tul. “ : - : Pruni, Tul. . : e - - 400 obtexta, Wallr. - = Tormantille, Rost. . . - 402 var. pezizeformis, Walle. ; TarzeTTa, Cooke = : 3 an wAG patella, Wallr. . é : ; THECOTHEUS : - 297 Ribis, Wallr. . . : - Pelletieri (Crouan), Boud. . eeu saligna, Fries . ot ie > TREMELLA, Linn. sarcoides, With. . . e - 324 VELUTARIA, De Not. TRICHOPEZIZA, Fckl. rufo-olivacea, A,andS. . ° aranea (De Not.), Sacc. . oe VERPA, Swartz. . : - ~ Aspidii (Lib.), Fckl. . ° . 246 conica, Swartz. . - F : nivea (Hedw.), Fckl. . . 245 digitaliformis, Pers. . 19; 21 pulveracea, Fckl. . : - oat rufipes, Phil. : : . - sulphurea (Fries), Fckl. - 264 speciosa, Vitt. ° : =i, 21 TricHoscyPHA, Cooke - « . 12 | VIBRISSEA, Fries. TROCHILA, Fries . é - 396 coronata, Phil. . - F Buxi, Capron “ . . . oon Fergussoni (B. and Br.) . ° craterium, Fries . ~ . . 396 Guernisaci, Crouan : - Lauro-cerasi (Desm) . : . 397 leptospora (B. and Br.) . 4 phacidioides, Karst. . f - 391 Margarita, White. . - - radians, De Not. 2 : = aad microscopica, B. and Br. . 2 Rubi, De Not. . : ; - 350 truncorum, A.andS, . . - salicaria, De Not. « : 174 turbinata, Phil. . e 2 - TYMPANIS, Toda . 2 ay wool alnea (Pers. 1 Hries —, - . 855 | Xyioma, Pers. amphihola (Mass. ) : = . 352 arundinaceum, D.C. . “ ° Aucupariz (Pers.) : : . 35t concava, Grev. . . . “ conspersa, Fries , . = . 354 erumpens, Fries . . . Frangule, Fries , ° . - 351 herbarum, A.andS, . é Fraxini (Schwz.) . - “eet ss Pini, A.andS. . - <: uae el PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES, “ eS | | \ ; yh val hi saf im ey - ; > s 4c mi -_ ~~ Pg? <4 tia at )- >a ‘ fare gst >) z . tee we A a # ay a — — oe t 20 00 09? RGIS EE ANN Nn Lon aS Miniern Bros. lith. 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