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SOUTH AFRICA

A CATALOGUE OF ALL THE KNOWN SPECIES

WITH

REFERENCES TO FIGURES IN VARIOUS WORKS, DESCRIPTIONS

OF NEW SPECIES, AND FIGURES OF SUCH AS ARE NEW,

LITTLE KNOWN, OR HITHERTO UNFIGURED

BY

G. B. SOWEEBY, F.L.S., F.Z.S.

LONDON

SOWERBY, 121 FULHAM ROAD, S.W.

1892

IKlXTi.ll I'.V

sro'rns\vo:>n" AND ro., \KW-STI:;:KT SIJI'AKK

LO.XUON

PREFACE.

EECEIVING some years ago a quantity of shells from Port
Elizabeth, some of which I could not identify with any that
had been described, I contributed a paper to the ' Journal of
Conchology,' January 1886, consisting of a list of those I had
identi6ed, and descriptions of those which appeared to be
new. This led to the publication of two subsequent papers
in the same Journal, through my communications to the
Conchological Society in 1889, considerably increasing the
list. Since then, various friends in South Africa have
discovered many additional species,rsome of which are well-
known inhabitants of other coasts, but not previously recorded
as South African.

The purpose of the present work is to give in a small
compass a list, as complete as possible, of all the known
Marine Shells of South Africa, with references to figures in
well-known works, descriptions of new species, and figures
not only of these, but of some that have been described
from time to time by other authors without figures.

The total number of species enumerated is 740. Of
these, 67 are also found in European seas, 340 are known
to inhabit other coasts, and the remaining 323 are, as far as
is known, confined to South Africa.

The labour of sorting and identifying so many species
(many of them very minute) has been considerable, and the

iv PREFACE.

completeness with which I have have been enabled to accom-
plish the task has been due to a great extent to the zeal of
John H. Ponsonby, Esq., through whom I have received a large
proportion of the material, and to the kindly and courteous
aid rendered to me by Edgar A. Smith, Esq., of the Zoological
Department, British Museum. Lastly, I have had the
advantage of thoroughly examining the collection formed at
Port Elizabeth by S. D. Bairstow, Esq., F.L.S., recently
presented by him to the Oxford University Museum, which
contains a fair proportion of my types.

The present Catalogue may be regarded as a supplement
to the excellent work of Dr. Ferdinand Krauss published in
1848.

It will be observed that some of the generic names are
not the same as those in common use, and differ from those
in the ' Thesaurus Conchyliorum,' * Conchologia Iconica,'
and other standard works. These names I am compelled to
adopt by the inexorable law of priority, but the following
list will render them intelligible :—

Actreon, Montfort, 1810 = Tornatella (Lamk. 1812).

Ancilla, Lamarck, 1799 — Ancillaria (Lamk. 1811).

Calliostoma, Bruguiere, 1 840 = Ziziphinus (Gray, 1840).

Cuspidaria, Nardo, l8±Q = Necera (Gray, n on Rob.-Dev.).

Dosinia, Scopoli, 1777 = Artemis (Poli, 1791).

Gastrana, /Schumacher, 1817 = Diodonta (Desh. 1846).

Ovula, Bruguiere, 1789 = Ovulum (Sowerby &c.).

Oxynoe, Rafinesque, \8l9 = Lophocercus (Krohn, 1847).

Scutum, Montfort, 1810 = Parmoplorus (Blv. 1817).

Sistrum, Montfort, 1810 = Ric'mula (Lamk. 1812).

Turbonilla, Leach, 1826 = Chemnitzia (D'Orb. 1829).

MAEINE SHELLS

OF

SOUTH AFEICA

CEPHALOPODA.

AEGONAUTA ARGO, Linn. — Frequently found on the
shores of South Africa; also in the Atlantic, Pacific, and
Mediterranean .

ARGONAUTA BOTTGERI, Maltzan, Journ. de Conch, vol.
xxix. p. 163, pi. 6, fig. 7. See Journal of Conchologj, vol.
vi. 1889. — South Africa, Mauritius, China, &c.

SPIRULA PERONI, Lamarck. Of world-wide distribution.
— Port Elizabeth (occasionally found on the beach).

PTEROPODA.

HYAL.E A TRIDENT ATA, Forskael. — This well-known species,
abundant in the Atlantic and Mediterranean, is occasionally
found in South African waters.

HYAL^A TRUNCATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 34, pi. 2,
fig. 12. — I am not acquainted with this shell, but have con-
siderable doubt as to its being distinct from H. tridentata.

HYAL^EA LIMBATA, D'Orbigny. — A well-known species,
abundant in the Atlantic. A few specimens have been found
at Port Elizabeth.

B

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

GLOBULOSA, Rang. — Common in the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans. Occasionally found on the South
African coasts.

STYLIOLA RECTA, Lesuenr = Creseis aciculata (D'Orbigny),
Sowb. in Conch. Icon. Pteropoda, pi. 5, fig. 29. — Port
Elizabeth, &c.

GASTKOPODA.

MUREX BREVISPINA, Lamarck, Conch. Icon. (Murex),
pi. 19, tig. 77, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 111.— Natal Bay.

MUREX (OCINEBRA ?) PURPUROIDES, Dunker, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. pi. 32, fig. 153= Jf. DunJceri (Krauss), Sudafr.
Moll, p. 112, tab. vi. fig. 14. — Port Elizabeth, Cape, and
Natal coasts.

MUREX (OCINEBRA ?)* SCROBICULATUS, Dunker (Fusus),
Philippi, Abbild. vol. ii. p. 12, pi. 3, fig. 4. — This species
being perfectly distinct from M. purpuroides, has been
commonly but erroneously taken for M. Dunkeri (Krauss),
which is simply a synonym for M. purpuroides. - - Port
Elizabeth, &c.

MUREX ( OCINEBRA ?) KIENERI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 172.
--Algoa Bay and Natal coast.

MUREX (OCINEBRA ?) CRAWFORDI, Sowerby, nov. sp.
(plate 1, fig. 2). — Testa subventricosa, solidiuscula, strami-
nea; spira acuminata, sutura canaliculata ; aufractus 5^,
convexi, rotundati, liris numerosis elevatis subnodulosis
spiraliter cingulati ; anfractus ultimus inflatus, rotundatus,
inferne hand productus ; apertura ovata, columella levissime
arcuata, glabra, truncata, canali brevissimo; labrum crenu-
latum.

Long. 12, lat. maj. 7 millim.

This species is closely allied to M. scrobiculcttus, but
differs constantly in its shorter form, and the absence of a
rostrum, the base of the. columella being abruptly truncated.
It may also be distinguished by the presence of an additional
rib on the penultimate whorl.

MUREX (OCINEBRA?) BABINGTONI, Sowerby, nov. sp.
)•)]. 1, fig. 1. — Testa fusiformis, lutec-fusca ; spira elongata,

GASTROPODA. 3

turrit a; sutura canaliculata ; anfractus 6i, convexi, rotundati
aut angulati ; liris numerosis elevatis subnodulosis spiraliter
cingulati, longitudinaliter interplicati ; anfr. ultimus sub-
inflatus, rotundatus, inferne rostratus ; rostrum subelongatum,
leviter recurvum ; apertura ovata; peristoma simplex; colu-
mella levissime arcuata, glabra ; canalis longiusculus.

Long. 15, diam. maj. 8 ; apert. longa 5, lata 3 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species is similar in sculpture to M. scrobiculatus,
from which it differs considerably in form, the spire being
long and turreted, and the rostrum elongated and slightly
recurved. In form the shell is somewhat similar to the
British Trophon muricatus, and would have appeared to
belong rather to the genus Trophon than to Murex, but
that it has evident affinity with the four last-named species,
which appear to belong to the genus or sub-genus Ocinebra,
or perhaps it may be found, when the animals are known,
that these five species form a separate group.

MUREX (POROPTERON) MITR^EFORMIS, Sowerby, Conch.
Illust. fig. 75. — Cape, and Natal coast. Rare.

MUREX (POROPTERON) UNCINARIUS, Lamarck=M. cap-
ensis (Sowerby), Conch. Illust. fig. 76. — Rather common
at Port Elizabeth.

TROFHON WAHLBERGI, Krauss (Murex), Sudafr. Moll.
p. Ill, pi. 6, fig. 13. — Natal coast (Krauss).

TYPHIS ARCUATUS, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 19 ;
Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p. 10, pi. 4, f. 1, 2.— Agulhas
Bank, 40-45 fath. (Hinds).

Fusus ROBTTSTIOR, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. p. 82,
fig. 63.— Port Elizabeth.

Fusus RUBRO-LINEATUS, Soiverby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870,
p. 252 ; Thes. Conch, vol. iv. p. 80, pi. 411, fig. 68. — Agulhas
Bank (Denicke).

Fusus CLAUSICAUDATUS, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 13, pi. 1, fig. 10, 11, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
fig. 55. — Agulhas Bank (Hinds). This remarkable shell, now
in the British Museum, is believed to be unique.

4 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

SIPHONALIA MANDARINA, Dudos (Fusus), Mag. de Zool.
1831,}.!. 8; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, pi. 7, fig. 71.— Fatal
coast (Krauss). This species is found on the coast of New
Zealand. I have not met with it among South African shells.

EUTHRIA WAHLBERGI, Krauss (Purpura), Sudafr. Moll.
p. 118, pi. 6, fig. 15 ; Smith, P. Z. S., 1891, p. 433, pi. 4,
fig. 2, as Coralliophila. — Natal coast ( Krauss).

EUTHRIA LINEOLATA, Dunker (Fusus), Philippi, Abbild.
110, pi. 1, fig. 10. — Port Elizabeth.

EUTHRIA FUSCO-TLVCTA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 13 ; Journ. of
Conch, vol. v. p. 4; vol. vi. pi. 1, fig. 18. — Port Elizabeth.

EUTHRIA PONSONBYI, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 12; Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 149. — Port Elizabeth.

EUTHRIA SIMONIANA, Petit, Journ. de Conch, vol. iii. pi. 7,
fig. 7. — Cape of Good Hope (Petit).

TRITONIDEA RUBIGINOSA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon,
pi. 7, fig. 47, var. scabricostata ; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 120. — Natal coast (Krauss).

TRITONIDEA UNDOSA, var. 'minor, Sowerby, Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 148. — Port Elizabeth.

PYRULA PARADISIACA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. v. fig. 17b,
—Port Elizabeth (rare). Common in the Bed Sea, &c.

METULA MARMORATA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon,
pi. 12, fig. 95. — Port Elizabeth (rare). Common on the
coast of Mauritius.

PLEUROTOMA (?) FULGURANS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p.
109, pi. 6, fig. 1 1. — This shell is unknown to me, but from
figure and description I have considerable doubt as to its
belonging to the Pleurotomidce.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) WILKLE, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 4;
Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. 1889, p. 7, pi. 1, fig. 21. — Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) GR&YI, Reeve, Proc.Zool. Soc. 1845,
p. 114; Conch. Icon. sp. 232; Sowerby, Journ. of Conch.
1889, vol. vi. p. 149. — I have lately received several perfect
specimens of this species. They are darker in colour than

GASTROPODA. 0

the worn shell mentioned in my paper of 18S9, and have
a narrow whitish band helow the middle of the body whorl.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) PLATYSTOMA, Smith, plate 4, fig.
82; Ann. and Mag. Nat, Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 501. — Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) FULTONI, Sowerby, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1888, p. 210, pi. xi. f. 17; Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. 1889.
—Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) CASTANEA, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 191; Sowb. Journ. of Conch, vol. v. 1886, p. 7. — Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVUS) HOTTENTOTA, Smith, pi. 4, fig. 81 ;
Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 208.— Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVUS?) NUX, Reeve, Ann. and Mag. of
Nat. Hist. 1846, p. 364; Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 21, fig.
185. — Cape of Good Hope (Reeve).

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVUS) FUCATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
169. — port Elizabeth (rare).

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) GRAVIS, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1843, p. 37 ; Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p. 16, pi. 5, fig. 8.-
Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) RUBINICOLOR, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 184. — Cape coast.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) STOLID A, Hinds, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 152. — Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) TAXUS, Chemnitz, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. f. 25. — This fine species is certainly South
African, but my friends have not yet been able to procure
specimens.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) TUMIDA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1870, p. 253. — A single specimen, now in the British
Museum, was dredged by Captain Denicke at Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CRASSTSPIRA) Rousi, Sowerby, pi. 1 , fig. 3 ;
Journ. of Conch, vol. v. Jan. 1886.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SINUATA, Born = P. buc-
cinoides, Kiener, p. 38, pi. 13, fig. 1 ; Reeve, Conch.

6 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Icon. fig. 68. — This species is peculiar to South Africa. It
varies very much in the prominence of the longitudinal ribs,
which in some specimens are obsolete.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SEMICOSTATA, Kiener, Icon.
Coq. Viv. p. 39, pi. 19, fig. 1. — Cape coast (Krauss).

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) ROSARIA, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 314. — I doubt very much whether this can be properly
separated from the extremely variable P. sinuata.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) BAIRSTOWI, Sowerby, pi. 1,
fig. 6 ; Journ. of Conch, vol. v. p. 8. — Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) BORNII, E. A. Smith, pi. 4,
fig. 77 ; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 499.-
Cape of Good Hope.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) TRIPARTITA, E. A. Smith,])}. 4,
fig. 83; Weinkaiiff, Conch. Cab. ed. 2, 120, pi. 26, figs. 12
and 13. — Tyron thought this to be P. obesa (Eeeve), but
it is quite unlike it, and certainly belongs to a different
section of the genus.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SUBVENTRICOSA, E. A. Smith,
pi. 4, fig. 76 ; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix.
p. 500. — Various South African localities.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SIGILLATA, Reeve, Conch. Icor.
sp. 363. — Cape of (rood Hope (Reeve).

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) DIVERSA, E. A. Smith, pi. 4,
fig. 79; Ann. and Mag. of Nat, Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 207.
-Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) CAFFRA, E. A. Smith, pi. 4,
fig. 80; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 209.
-Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) KRAUSSII, E. A. Smith, pi. 4,
fig. 78; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, 4, vo). 19,
p. 500. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

DEFRANCIA AMPLEXA, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist,
vol. vii. 338. — Simon's Bay and Port Elizabeth.

DEFRANCIA CAPENSIS, E. A. Smith, pi. 4, fig. 84; Ann.
and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 296.— Port Eliza-
beth.

GASTROPODA. 7

DEFIIANCIA PONSONHYI, Soiverby, nov. sp. pi. 1, tig. 5.
Testa breviuscula, valide clathrata, albida, spira turrita ;
anfractus 6 convex!, superne angulati, costis longitudinali-
bus elevatis rotundatis (in anfr. ult. 10), liris spiralibus
angustioribus (in anfr. penult. 4) sculpti ; anfractus ultimus
leviter inflatus, infra medium contractus, vix productus,
fascia fulva obscura pictus ; apertura latiuscula ; labrum
leviter incrassatum, superne sinu brevissimo emarginatum.

Long. G^f, diam. maj. 3 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species somewhat resembles D. linearis (Mont.),
but the lattice sculpture is much coarser.

MANGILIA CLATHRATA, M. de Serres, Journal de Conch.
1883, p. 327; Tryon's Manual of Conch, vol. vi. pi. 16,
figs. 68-70. — This Mediterranean species has been found at
Port Elizabeth.

MANGILIA COSTATA, Donovan, Sowb. 111. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 19, figs. 20, 21.— Specimens from Algoa Bay
scarcely differ from those found on the English coasts.

MANGILIA COSTULATA, Blainville, var. striolata (Scacchi),
Tryon, Man. of Conch, vol. v. pi. 21, fig. 19.— This well-
known European shell has been found at Port Elizabeth.

MANGILIA SEPTANGULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. 111. Index of
Brit. Shells, pi. 19, fig. 24. — 'Mr. Crawford has found a
specimen of this well-known British species in good condi-
tion at Port Elizabeth.

MITROMORPHA VOLVA, Sowerby, nov. sp. pi. 1, fig. 16.
Testa elongato-fusiformis, alba ; spira elatiuscula, ad apicem
obtusa ; anfractus 5^, levissime convexi, spiraliter dense
lirati ; anfractus ultimus spiram paulo superans, basin versus
attenuatus ; apertura oblonga ; columellavix contorta ; labrum
rectiusculum, vix sinuatum. Long. 6, diam. maj. 2^ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Allied to the Japanese M. lirata (A. Adams), but shorter
in proportion to its width, and more fusiform.

TRITON CUTACEUS, Linn. Eeeve, Conch. Icon. (Triton),
sp. 39 — Port Elizabeth. The typical form of this common
Mediterranean species is rare on the South African coast.

TRITON CUTACEUS, var. A fricana = Triton africanus (A.
Adams). See note, Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 150. — Port
Elizabeth.

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA..

TRITON CUTACEUS, var. Doliariu,s= Triton doliarius (La-
marck), Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 56. See note, Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 150. — Port Elizabeth, &c. (common).

TRITON KLENEI, Sowerby, pi. 4, fig. 87 ; Journ. of Conch,
vol. vi. p. 150. — Port Elizabeth.

TRITON NODIFER, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 9.
Krauss (Sudafr. Mol. p. 114) quotes this shell as F. Saulice
(Reeve, sp. 17). — I have very similar specimens from Japan,
and cannot find any reliable character by which to distin-
guish them from the Mediterranean species.

TRITON AUSTRALIS (?), Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 12. — Krauss (Sudafr. Moll. p. 114) quotes this species
from the Cape, but it may be that he has mistaken a form
of T. nodifer for it.

TRITON LABIOSUS, Wood, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 52 a.-
Natal. A species of very wide distribution : Japan, Philip-
pines, Australia, Mauritius, &c.

TRITON OLEARIUS, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 32
= 7'. succinctus (Larnk.). — This species is quite common on
the South African coast, and appear? to be of almost world-wide
distribution. I have had it from Japan, Australia., Red Sea,
Mediterranean, West Indies, and Brazil.

TRITON EXARATUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 50 a. — A rather
young specimen from Port Elizabeth, not so angular as the
Australian type. The shell somewhat resembles T. cutaceus,
but has a longer rostrum.

O .

TRITON RUBECULA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 29u.
— Natal (Crawford). Common on the Mauritian coast.

TRITON TILEARIS, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 23.—
Natal coast (Krauss).

TRITON AQUATILIS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24. Krauss
quotes this as a variety of T. pilearis.

TRITON ^EGROTUS, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843; Conch.
Icon. sp. 42. — Natal. This species is not uncommon on the
Mauritian coast. Reeve quotes ' China ' as the habitat.

TRITON FICTILIS, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844; Zool.Voy.
Sulphur, Moll. p. 12, pi. 4, figs. 11, 12.— Agulhas Bank,
50 to 60 fath. (Hinds).

GASTROPODA.

TRITON VESPACEUS, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 61.
— Natal coast (Krauss).

TRITON (EPIDROMUS) NITIDULUS, Sowerby, var. See
Joarn. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 7. — Port Elizabeth.

RANELLA LEUCOSTOMA, Lamarck, var. See Journal of
Conch, vol. v. p. 10. — Port Elizabeth. The black markings
on the lip of the South African variety are perfectly con-
stant, and always distinguish it from the Australian form.

RANELLA ARGUS, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 12. —
Port Elizabeth. R. vexillum (Sowb.) is only a variety of this
species. I have had several varieties from New Zealand, &c.

RANELLA GRANIFERA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 6,
fig. 30. Triton graniferum (Q. et Craim.). — Port Elizabeth
(Crawford).

RANELLA GRANIFERA, var. = R. livida (Reeve), Conch.
Icon. fig. 28. — Natal coast (Krauss).

RANELLA SEMIGRANOSA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
fig. 25. — Port Elizabeth (a living specimen). It may be
doubted whether this is really a species distinct from R.
granifera, but it is of a narrower form, and the granules are
very small and partly obsolete. I have had it from the
West Indies.

RANELLA LAMELLOSA, Dunker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862,
p. 240 (as Bursa 1.}. — Port Elizabeth (a worn specimen),
Japan (Dunker).

RANELLA CRUMENA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 17.
-Natal. Common in the Indian Ocean. I have as yet
only seen one specimen from South Africa.

RANELLA SIPHONATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 28. — Natal
coast (Krauss).

RANELLA PUSILLA, Broderip, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 44,
fig. 44a. — Natal coast (Wahlberg).

COMINELLA ANGLICANA, Martini (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 23. — Table Bay. This is not an English species.

COMINELLA CAPENSIS, Dunker, Tryon, Manual of Concho-
logy, vol. iii. pi. 73, fig. 260.— Port Elizabeth, &c.

r

10 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

COMINELLA (?) ANGUSTA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 8 ; Journ. of
Conch, vol. v. p. 6. — Port Elizabeth.

COMINELLA LIMBOSA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon,
pi. 5, fig. 35. — Natal coast (Krauss), Table Bay, &c.

COMINELLA PAPYRACEA, Bruguier#= Buccinum intinctum
(Reeve), Couch. Icon. pi. 5, fig. 32. — Cape, and Natal coast

(Krauss).

COMINELLA VIOLACEA, Quoy d Gaim. (Buccinum), Voy.
de 1' Astro!. Moll. pi. 30, figs. 32-34 ; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll,
p. 120. — Table Bay (Quoy and Gaimard).

COMINELLA DELALANDII, Kiener (Buccinum), Coq. Viv.
p. 15, pi. 5, fig. 14. — Cape (Kiener).

COMINELLA GLANDIFORMIS, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch.
Icon. sp. 109. — South Africa?.

COMINELLA SEMISULCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp. pi. 1, fig. 7.—
Testa subfusiformis, antice ventricosa, postice acuminata,
fusca ; spira turrita, apice acutiusculo ; anfractus 7, leviter
convexi, superne caualiculati, inferne spiraliter sulcati, aliter
minute striati ; sutura lira angusta marginata ; anfractus
ultirnus leviter inflatus, infra medium sulcis angustis circ.
10 sculptus; apertura ovata, alba, columella arcuata, alba;
peristoma simplex, vix incrassaturn. Long. 50 ; diam. maj.
24 millim. ; apertura longa 22, lata 12.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species, of which I have only seen one specimen
(collected by Mr. Crawford), differs from its congeners,
C. porcata and C. lagenaria, principally in the upper half
of the whorls being smooth, and the lower half spirally
grooved.

COMINELLA PIINKERI, Kuster, Conch. Cab. (Buccinum),
pi. 15, figs. 9-11.

COMINELLA LAGENARTA, Deshayes (Buccinum), Eeeve,
Conch. Icon. (Buccinum), pi. 5, figs. 33, 34. — Common at
Port Elizabeth. Var. = Purpura dubia (Krauss), Sudafr.
Moll., p. 117. -Port Elizabeth.

COMINELLA PORCATA, Gmelin (Buccinum), Eeeve, Conch.
Jcon. pi. 4, fig. 22 = Buccinum, ligatum (Kiener). — Port
Elizabeth .

GASTROPODA. 1 1

COMINELLA ELONGATA, Dunker (Buccinum), Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1856, p. 356. — Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay, &c.

COMINELLA TIGRINA, Kiener (Buccinum), Coq. Viv. p. 27,
pi. 10. — Port Elizabeth, Table Bay, Simon's Bay, &c.

COMINELLA (?) PUNCTURATA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 9; Journ.
of Conch, vol. v. p. 4. — Port Elizabeth. I am uncertain as
to the true generic position of this species.

COMINELLA (?) UNIFASCIATA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 11 ;
Journ. of Conch, vol. v. p. 5. — Port Elizabeth. The generic
position of this species is doubtful.

COMINELLA (?) SULCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp. pi. 1, fig 10.
-Testa elongata, angusta, pallide fulva, fusco obscure
maculata ; spira elongata, turrita ; sutura impressa ; anfrac-
tus 6, planato-convexi, ubique spiraliter profunde sulcati ;
anfractus ultimus vix inflatus ; apertura oblouga, par-
viuscula ; columella rectiuscula ; peristoma simplex. Long.
10; diam. maj. 3 rnillim. ; apert. long. 3^, lat. lj.

Var /3. Testa minor, subpellucida, fusca.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species belongs to the same group as C. puncturata
and C. anyusta, which I only place provisionally in the
genus Cominella.

BULLIA L.EVIGATA, Martini (Buccinum), Eeeve, Conch.
Icon. (Bullia), sp. 6. — Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA BHODOSTOMA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Bucci-
num), sp. 25. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

BULLIA DIGITALIS, Meusch. (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Bullia) sp. 4 = Buccinum achatinum (Lamarck).
Varieties — B. sulcata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 14; B.
semiflammea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 17; B. semiusta,
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 22. — Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA ANNULATA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Buccinum), sp. 13. — Port Elizabeth, &c. (common).

BULLIA CALLOSA, Wood, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24.-
Port Elizabeth, &c.

BULLIA TENUIS, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 1. — Port
Elizabeth.

12 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

BULLIA PURA, Melvill, Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 316.-
Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA DILUTA, Krauss, Try on, Man. of Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 6, figs. 96, 97. — Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA NATALENSIS, Krauss (Buccinum), Sudafr. Moll,
p. 121, pi. 6., fig. 16. — Natal coast (Krauss).

NASSA PULCHELLA, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 90. — Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay,
and Cape coast generally.

NASSA SEROTINA, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. 108; Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 107. — Simon's Bay, Port
Elizabeth, &c.

NASSA COCCINEA, A. Adams, MSS. ? — Cape coast generally.

NASSA PLICOSA, DunJcer (Buccinum), Krauss, Sudafr. Moll,
p. 122, pi. 6, fig. 19. = Nassa speciosa (A. Adams). —
Port Elizabeth.

NASSA BICALLOSA, Smith, Journ. Linn. Soc. xii. pi. 30,
fig. 1. — Natal.

NASSA PLTCATELLA, .A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. Ill ; Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 56. — Natal.

NASSA KRAUSSIANA, Dunker (Buccinum), Zeit. Mai. 'iii.
1846, p. 111. — Common at Port Elizabeth.

NASSA ARCULARIA, Linn. — A common well-known species,
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, seldom
found at Port Elizabeth, but, according to Krauss, very
abundant in the Bay of Natal.

NASSA CAPENSIS, Dunker (Buccinum), Zeitschr. fur
Malakozool. 1846, p. 110. ?= N. pulchella. — Cape of Good
Hope (Dunker).

NASSA MARGINULATA, Lamarck (Buccinum), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. sp. 43. — Natal Bay (Krauss). Common in the
Indian Ocean.

NASSA CORONATA, Bruguiere, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 20.
—Natal coast, rare(Kraus«). Common in the Indian Ocean.

NASSA MYRISTICA, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p.
36, pi. 9, figs. 10, 11. —Cape (Hinds).

GASTROPODA. 1 3

NASSA TRIFASCIATA, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. 113. (? = N. labiosa, J. Sowerby). — Several specimens
in good condition from Port Elizabeth. The original type
came from Vigo Bay. It is doubtful whether Marrat's N.
vincta from West Africa is really distinct.

NASSA SULCIFERA, A. Adams, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24.
— Algoa Bay (Reeve).

NASSA CRAWFORDI, Sowerby, nov. sp. pi. 4, fig. 86. — Testa
elongato-acuminata, albida, lineis transversis fuscis pulcher-
rime ornata ; spira acurriinata, apice acuto ; anfractus 6,
convexi, sutura leviter impressa, vix crenulata sejuncti,
eximie plicati ; anfractus ultimus leviter inflatus, superne
plicatus, plicis infra medium evanidis. Apertura ovata;
fauce fusco lineata ; peristoma simplex ; colurnella contorta,
duplicata. Long. 12 ; diam. maj. 5^ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A lovely little shell, of which I have only seen a single
specimen, found by Mr. Crawford. It may well be dis-
tinguished from its congeners by the delicate plication
of the whorls, and the exquisite arrangement of brown lines
with which it is ornamented.

DEMOULIA ABBREVIATA, Wood (Buccinum), Eeeve, Conch.
Icon., Nassa, sp. 194. — Port Elizabeth.

DEMOULIA RETUSA, Lamarck (Buccinum), Eeeve, Conch.
Icon., Nassa, yp. 195. — Port Elizabeth.

DEMOULIA PYRAMIDALIS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1851 ; Eeeve, Conch. Icon., Nassa, sp. 191. — Port Elizabeth.

EBURNA PAPILLARIS, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. Eburna,
No. 1, fig. 1 ; Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 215, fig. 7. — Port
Elizabeth.

TEINOSTOMA LUCIDUM, A. Adams, Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. 1863, vol. xi. p. 267; Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 256,
figs. 49, 50. — Port Elizabeth.

PURPURA SQUAMOSA, Lamarck, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. pL
10, fig. 48. — Port Elizabeth and Natal coast.

PURPURA SUCCINCTA, Lamarck, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. pi.
5, fig. 23. — Cape (Krauss). I have not met with this

14 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

species from the Cape, but it is common in various localities,
from Madagascar eastward.

PURPURA CINGULATA, Linne (Buccinum), Eeeve, Conch.
Icon. fig. 76.— Cape, Natal coast, and Port Elizabeth. This
curious species appears to be peculiar to the South African
coast.

PURPURA CATARACTA, CrAem?i/ii0(Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon., Purpura, sp. 40. — Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay, &c.

PURPURA CAPENSIS, Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1852, pi. 7,
fig. 6 ; Kiister, Purpura, pi. 23a, fig. 6. See Journ. of
Conch, vol. v. p. 7. — Having seen an undoubted specimen of
Purpura luteostoma collected at Port Elizabeth by Mr.
Crawford, I am not sure that this is not a variety of the
same, although, taking the typical forms, the differences are
very great.

PURPURA LUTEOSTOMA, Deshayes, Lamarck, torn. x. p. 98 ;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 35. — Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

PURPURA SCOBINA, Quoy, Zool. Voy. Astrolabe, pi. 38,
figs. 19-21. — Port Elizabeth. See Journ. of Conch, vol. vi.
p. 148.

PURPURA TRIGONA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Purpura, sp. 53.
-Port Elizabeth.

PURPURA MANCINELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
pi. 2, fig. 7. — Natal coast (Krauss). This species, common
in the Indian Ocean and East Indian Archipelago, I have
not met with from the Cape.

PURPURA BUFO, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 2,
fig. 7. — Natal coast (Krauss). I have had this common
species from China, Philippines, Travancore, and Madagascar,
but not yet from South Africa.

PURPURA ZEYHERI, /ircm.ss,Wiegmann's Archiv fiirNatur.
1852, p. 35. — Cape Coast (Krauss). This species is unknown
to me.

PURPURA PERSICA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon, pi, 2,
fig. 7. — Natal coast (Krauss).

PURPURA RUDOLPHI, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 10.
-Natal coast (Krauss).

GASTROPODA. 15

PURPURA LAPILLUS, Lamarck. — This very common Euro-
pean species is quoted by Krauss as ' Cape,' but I have
received no confirmation of its living there.

PURPURA (VEXILLA) VEXILLUM, Lamarck; Buccinum
vexillum, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 79. — Natal coast (Wahl-
berg), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). ^Not uncommon on the
Mauritian coast.

SISTRUM ARACHNOIDES, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 5.
— Natal coast (Krauss). Common in various localities, from
the Red Sea to the East Indian Archipelago and Polynesia.

SISTRUM MORUS, Blainville, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 2,
fig. 10. — Natal coast (Wahlberg). Various East Indian
localities.

SISTRUM ASPERUM, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 13. —
Natal coast (Krauss).

SISTRUM GRANULATUM, Zhtc/os( Purpura), Ann. des Scienc.
Nat. torn. xxvi. pi. 2, fig. 2. Purpura tuberculata, Blain-
ville, Ann. du Mus. torn. i. p. 204, pi. 9, fig. 3. Ricinula
tuberculata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 2, fig. 11. — Natal coast,
Port Elizabeth, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean.

SISTRUM ANAXARES, Duclos (Purpura), Reeve, Concb.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 61. — Natal coast (Krauss), Red Sea,
and Indian Ocean.

SISTRUM HEPTAGONALE, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Ricinula),
sp. 17. — Natal coast (Krauss). The specimen I have seen
from Natal is very pale in colour.

SISTRUM FISCELLUM, Chemnitz (Murex), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 28. — Natal coast (Krauss), Mauritius,
and various Indian localities.

SISTRUM ELATUM, Blainville (Purpura), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 27 = R. ochrostoma (Blainv.). — Natal
coast (Krauss).

SISTRUM LIVIDUM, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon. sp. 87.
—South Africa ?.

PSEUDOLIVA ANCILLA, Hanley, pi. 1, fig. 13. Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1859, p. .429 ; Sowerby, Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 149,
pi. 3, fig. 2.— Port Elizabeth.

1G MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

PSEUDOMUREX MEYENDORFFf, Culcara, Cenno. Moll. Sicil.
pi. 4, fig. 22.— Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Madeira (Paetel
Cat.), Mediterranean.

SEPARATTSTA GRAYI, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850,
p. 45. — Port Elizabeth (rare).

LATIAXIS NODOSUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853,
p. 98 (as Rapana (Latiaxin)n.); Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 424, fig. 1 7. — Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Philippines
(A. Adams), Port Jackson (Angas).

MELAPIUM LINEATUM, Lamarck (Pyrula), E. A. Smith,
Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1889, vol. iii.p. 269 = Buccinum
bulbus (Wood). — Port Elizabeth.

OLIVA CLERULEA, Bolten, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 331,
figs. 48-50 = 0. episcopates, Lamk. — Rare at Port Eliza-
beth, but common on various coasts of the Indian and Indo-
Pacific Oceans.

OLIVA BULBOSA, Bolten, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 340,
fig. 189 = 0. inflata( Lamarck). — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow),
Very common in many Indian and Indo-Pacific localities.

OLIVA CAPENSIS, Soiverby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 351,
fig. 469. — Cape of Good Hope.

ANCILLA OBTUSA, Swainson, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 211, fig. 16.— Port Elizabeth.

' ANCILLA OBESA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 213,
figs. 44, 45. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

ANCILLA CINNAMOMEA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. pi. 212, figs. 33-35.— Port Elizabeth, &c.

ANCILLA AUSTRALIS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 211, figs. 1 and 2.— Port Elizabeth (dead shells). This
species is common on the New Zealand coasts.

ANCILLA MARMORATA, 'Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ancillaria,
sp. 32. — Port Elizabeth.

ANCILLA FASCIATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ancillaria, sp. 44.
-Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 17

ANCILLA UIMIDIATA, 8o<rei-by, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 213, figs. 55 and 56.

ANCILLA PURA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 1, fig. 15. — Testa
anguste ovata, solidiuscula, alba ; spira exserta, subacuminata,
sutura parum callosa; anfractus 4, levissime convex!; ultimus
elongatus, aliquanto inflatus, infra medium baltea callosa
latiuscula munita, supra balteaua sulca partim cselatam
cincta; columella abbreviata, contorta, plicata; apertura
subampla.

Long. 21, diam. maj. 9 millim. ; apert. long. 14, lat. 4.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A pure white shell, of simple character, much narrower
than A. fulva and allied species.

FASCIOLARIA HEYNEMANNI, Bunker, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. v. pi. 425, fig. ll. — F.purpurea (Jonas). — Port Eliza-
beth. Rarely found in good condition.

FASCIOLARIA LUGUBRIS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 2.= F.
badia, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 110, pi. 6, tig. 12. — Natal
coast (Krauss).

LATIRUS BAIRSTOWI, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 18 ; Journal of
Conch, vol. v. p. 8. — Port Elizabeth.

LATIRUS Rousi, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 10; Journal of Conch.
vol. v. p. 10. — Port Elizabeth.

(PERISTERNIA) INCARNATUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
Turbinella sp. 55. — Natal (Crawford).

LATIRUS (PERISTERNIA) LEUCOTHEA, Melvill, Mem. and
Proc. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc. vol. iv. series 4, p. 35,
pi. 2, fig. 15. — Natal (Crawford).

LATIRUS (PERISTERNIA) NASSATULUS, Lamarck, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Turbinella), sp. 45. — Natal coast (Krauss).
Widely distributed in the Eas-t Indies.

TURBINELLA TRUNCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 4, fig. 85.
-Testa subcylindraceo-turbinata, solida, postice inflata,
obtuse angulata, truncata, antice leviter attenuata ; alba,
epidermide scabrosa fusca induta, liris paucis irregularibus
spiraliter cincta, mediocriter umbilicata, apice obtuso,
inamillato, paulo elevato ; spira fere plana; anfractus 8,
sublanrigati, sutura anguste canaliculata discreti ; apertura

n

18 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

elongata, angustiuscula, margine dextro paulo incrassato, hie
illic sparsim fusco maculate ; columella plicis 4, parviusculis
subrequalibus, leviter obliquis munita.

Long. 65, lat. maj. 50 millim. ; apertura longa 60, in
medio lata 13.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This is quite a new form of Turbinella in which the an-
terior portion answering to the rostrum in the typical form
(T. pyrum] is quite half as broad as the widest part of the
shell, and the anterior part of the aperture is so little nar-
rower than the posterior, that it can scarcely be called a
canal. The four small, slightly oblique plaits are situated
about (or a little below) the middle of the columella.

The type specimen, which is in very good preservation,
is in the collection recently presented to the Oxford Uni-
versity Museum by S. D. Bairstow, Esq. I have long had a
specimen of the species, but in such bad condition that I
would not venture to describe it.

VOLUTA (CALLIPARA) BULLATA, Swainson, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 53, fig. 88. — Broken specimens not uncommon at
Port Elizabeth.

VOLUTA (VOLUTILITHES) ABYSSICOLA, Adorns & Reeve,
Voy. of Samarang, Moll. p. 25, pi. 7, fig. 6. — Several full-sized
specimens of this remarkable form were taken in the voyage
of the ' Challenger,' which, with the young shell of the
' Samarang,' are all at present known.

VOLUTA AFRICANA, Reeve, P. Z. S. 1856, pi. 33, figs. 3, 4.
-Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). This rare species has not yet
been found in perfect condition.

MITRA PICTA, Reeve, Conch. Icon, species 123. — Port
Elizabeth. Dead shells pretty common.

MITRA SIMPLEX, D unker, Zeitschr. fiir Malak. 1846,
p. 1 1 1 ; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 121, tab. 6, fig. 20. ? = .17.
patula, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 333. — Port Elizabeth.

MITRA CRATITIA, A, Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851 , p. 132 ;
Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 24, fig. 545. — Specimens in the
British Museum, said to be from South Africa.

MITRA LATRUNCULARIA, Reere, Conch. Icon. sp. 166.—
Worn specimens riot uncommon at Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. ID

MITRA CAPENSIS, Dunker, Keevr, Conch. Icon. pi. 23,
fig. 268.— Port Elizabeth, &c.

MITRA MERULA, Sowerby, pi. I, fig. 17 ; Journal of Conch,
vol. vi. p. 8, pi. 1, fig. 11. — Port Elizabeth.

MITRA SCHRCETERI, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iv. pi. 375, tig. 529. — S. Africa?

MITRA .ERUMNOSA, Melvill, Journal of Conch. 1888, vol. v
p. 282, pi. 2, fig. 12.— Algoa Bay.

MITRA LIMBIFERA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 23,
fig. 180a. — Natal coast (Krauss).

MITRA (IMBRICARIA) CARBONACEA, Hinds, Voy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 41, pi. 11, figs. 9, 10; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 369, fig. 356. — Agulhas Bank (Hinds).

MARGINELLA MOSAICA, Soicerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 75, fig. 59. — Port Elizabeth.

Var. Langlcyi, Sowerby. — A curious variety, in

which the markings are merged into longitudinal streaks,
waved so as to form a band in the middle of the body whorl.

MARGINELLA ORNATA, Redfidd, American Journal of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 246. = M. vittata, Reeve (non Edwards),
Conch. Icon. sp. \1.=M. serpentina (Jous^eaume). — Port
Elizabeth. This species has been mistaken for M. Poucheti
(Petit), and placed in various collections under that name.
It is however totally different. Vide Journal de Conch. 1851,
vol. ii. p. 46, pi. 1, fig. 3.

MARGINELLA PIPERATA, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844,
p. 72 ; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 75, figs. 40, 44. —
Port Elizabeth.

Vars. albocincta, strigata, lutea and lineata,

Sowerby, J. of C. vol. vi. p. 8. — Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA BAIRSTOWI, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 23 ; J. of C.
vol. v. p. 11, 1886, vol. vi. pi. 1, fig. 3.— Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA LINEOLATA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 24; J. of C.
vol. v. p. 11, 1886, vol. vi. pi. 1, fig. 2. — Port Elizabeth.

20 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

MARGINELLA FLOCCATA, Sowerby, pi. 1, fig. 25; J. of C.
vol. vi. p. 8, 1889, pi. 1, fig. 4. — Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA PAXILLUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 133.—
Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA PELLICULA, Marrat, Weinkauff, in Kiister,
Conch. Cab. Marg. pi. 23, figs. 11, 12. — Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA ZONATA, Kiener, p. 41, pi. 13, fig. 4; var.
bUineata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 126, tab. 6, fig. 22. —
Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA DUNKERI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 126,
tab. 6, fig. 23.— Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA CAPENSIS, Dunker, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 125, tab. 6, fig. 21. — Cape coast (Krauss).

MAEGINELLA METCALFEI, Angas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877,
p. 173, pi. 26, fig. 8. — Port Jackson (Angas), Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA INCONSPICUA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 75, fig. 80.— Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA SAVIGNYI, Issel, Moll. Mar. Rosso, p. 115,
1869; Savig.Descript.de 1'Egypte, Coq. pi. 6, fig. 18.-
Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA NEGLECTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi.
75, fig. 135. — Port Elizabeth, Mauritius, &c.

MARGINELLA CYLINDRTCA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 76, fig. 134.— Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA PYRUM, Gronovius, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
13. == N. nubecula, Soweiby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 75,
fig. 51. — A large dead shell in Bairstow's collection. Port
Elizabeth ?.

MARGINELLA CHRYSEA, Watson, Gastrop. of Challenger,
p. 267, pi. 16, fig. 8.— Cape Town and Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA EPIGRUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 151.-
Cape of Good Hope.

MARGINELLA BULBOSA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 144.
Cape of Good Hope.

MARGINELLA KEENI, Marrat, Ann. and Mag. of Nat.
Hist. 1871. vol. vii. p. 141. pi. 11, fig. 13.

GASTROPODA. 21

MARGINELLA ROSEA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 55, fig. 56. — Cape and Natal coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA BIPLICATA, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852,
p. 37. — A small semipellucid species with which I am un-
acquainted. Cape Coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA MULTIZONA, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852,
p. 37. — A small species with 10 to 15 red z^nes. I have
not met with this shell. Cape Coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA REEVEI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p. 38.

—A minute fusiform species, conical spire, pale red zones,

4-plaited columella. Cape Coast (Krauss). Unknown to me.

MARGINELLA ZEYHERI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p.
38. — A small ovate solid white species, with a short conical
spire, wide mouth, and columella with four equal plaits.
Unknown to me. Cape Coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA CRASSILABRUM, Soiverby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 76, figs. 124, 125.— Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA ELECTRINA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 22. —
Testa cylindraceo-fusiformis, tenuis, pellucida, fulva ; spira
breviter couica, obtusa ; anfractus 4, leviter convexi ; sutura
callosa ; anfractus ultimus elongatus, leviter convexus, basin
versus leviter attenuatus ; apertura angusta, antice latior ;
labrum infbxum leviter incrassatum, paulo marginatum,
rectiusculum ; columella basi contorta, triplicate,

Long. 12, diam. maj. 7 millim. ; sp. min. longa 8, diarn.
4t\ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

ERATO SULCIFERA, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. Cyprrea,
p. 15, fig. 46. — Cape (Gray).

COLUMBELLA ALBUGINOSA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 223.—
Port Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA CEREALIS, Menke (Buccinum), Krauss, Sudafr.
Moll. p. 122, tab. 6, fig. 17. = C. Kraussii, Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 40, fig. 180.— Port Elizabeth and
Simon's Bay.

COLUMBELLA SAGENA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 162. — Port
Elizabeth. A Japanese species.

22 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

COLUMBELLA PULCHELLA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 39, figs. 121, 122.— Port Elizabeth. Known as a West
Indian species.

COLUMBELLA FLA.VA.,Bruguiere, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 27,
fig. 27a. Variety 0. undata, Duclos, Kiener Col. p. 27,
pi. 9, fig. 1. — Common in the Indian Ocean, rare at Port
Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA FLOCCATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 160.—
Port Elizabeth, Buffalo, Cape Colony (Reeve).

COLUMBELLA VARIANS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi.
37, fig. 47.— Port Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA BIFLAMMATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 226. —
Port Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA TURTURINA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pi. 37, figs. 38-40.— Natal coast (Krauss). Common
in various places, from Mauritius to the Philippine Islands.

COLUMBELLA LACTEA, Duclos, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 120.
—Natal coast (Krauss).

CGLUMBELLA MENDICARIA, Lamarck, var.? Kiener, Coq. Viv.
pi. 6, fig. la. — Natal coast (Krauss).

COLUMBELLA CAPEXSIS, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 20.—
Testa fusiformis, tenuis, alba; spira acuta, apice papillari ;
anfractus 5^ convexiusculi, longitudinaliter multiplicati,
striis angustis et confertis spiraliter sculpti ; anfractus
ultimus in flatus, basin versus attenuatus ; columella leviter
contorta, haud callosa ; apertura lata, labrum arcuatum,
tenue.

Long. 10, diam. maj. 5 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A white species of the ' Anachis ' section, allied to
C. pulchella.

COLUMBELLA ALGOENSIS, $cn(;er£»/, n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 21.—
Testa elongata, turrita, fulva, liueis fuscis transversis inter-
ruptis hie illic textiliformibus picta, antice fusco-zonata ;
spira perelata, apice papillari ; sutura impressa ; anfractus 5,
convexiusculi, longitudinaliter irregulariter plicati ; spiraliter
dense sulcati ; anfractus ultimus angustus ; columella leviter
recurva; apertura parva, labrum tenue. Long. 8, diam. maj.
2| millim. This shell has somewhat the appearance of a

GASTROPODA. 23

Defrancia, but upon examination I have come to the con-
clusion that it belongs to the same section as the foregoing.

ALCIRA ELEGANS, H. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860,
p. 451 ; Tryon, M. of C. vol. v. p. 188, pi. 61, fig. 9.

HARPA MINOR, Lamarck, var. crassa, Philippi. — Cape
coast (Phil.). The several varieties of this species are pretty
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but I
have not yet met with it from the Cape.

CASSIS TESTICULTJS, Linne, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 10.
— A specimen of this well-known West Indian and West
African species in Bairstow collection from South Africa.

CASSIS ACHATINA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 28.
— Several varieties of this species are found at Port Eliza-
beth, and probably the shell quoted by Krauss as C. Zey-
lanica (Lamk.) is one of these.

DOLIUM LUTEOSTOMA, Kuster, Conch. Cab. pi. 58, fig. 1.
— This species was quoted by me in the ' Journal of
Conchology,' as D. Favanni (Hanley), from which I find it,
differs. It is nearly allied to D. variegatum. The South-
African specimens differ very little from the Japanese.

LAMELLARIA PERSPICUA, Linn., Sowerby's Illust. Index
of Brit, Shells, pi. 16, figs. 23, 24.— Port Elizabeth.

NATICA IMPERFORATA, Sowerby (Gray ?), Zool. of Captain
Beechey's Voyage, p. 135, pi. 37, fig. 1 ; Sowerby, Thes.
Conch, vol. v. pi. 460, fig. 93. = AT. genuana, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 121. — Common at Port Elizabeth.

NATICA FORATA, Recluz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 460, fig. 96.— Port Elizabeth, Buffalo River, &c.

NATICA DIDYMA, Bolten, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 455, fig. 14. = N. Lamarckiana (Recluz). — Port Elizabeth
(rare), Japan, Philippines, &c. (common).

NATICA SIMILE, Chemnitz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 459, fig. 71.— Port Elizabeth (rare).

NATICA MAMILLA, Lamarck, Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. Bd. v.
tab. 189, figs. 1928, 1929 ; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi.
456, fig. 29. — Natal (Crawford). A common species, widelv
distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

24 MARINE SHELLS OF SOl'TH AFRICA.

NATICA PYGM^GA, Philippi, Abbild. und Bescbreib. vol. i.
p. 17, pi. 1, fig. 12. — Unknown to ine. Table Bay(Krauss).

NATICA MAROCHIENSIS, Gmelin, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. v. pi. 462, fig. 151. = A7, maroccana ( Chemnitz) = N.
lurida (Philippi). — Natal (Crawford).

SCALARIA LACTEA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 94, pi. 5,
fig. 27 ; Conch. Icon. sp. 93. — Natal coast (Krauss) ; Port
Elizabeth (Bairstow).

SCALARIA CLATHRATULA, Montagu, Sowerby, Illust. Index
of Brit. Shells, pi. 15, fig. 20. — Several specimens of this
British and European species found at Port Elizabeth.

SCALARIA FRAGILIS, Hanley, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 33, fig. 64. — Port Elizabeth (a small specimen).

SCALARIA CORONATA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 35, fig. 133. — This species, generally known as
West Indian, is not uncommon at Port Elizabeth.

SCALARIA PSEUDO-SCALARIS, Brocchi, = 8. dathrus,
Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 35, fig. 131. — A species
of almost universal distribution : Britain, Mediterranean,
Mauritius, East and West Indies, as well as South Africa.

SCALARIA FUCATA, Pease, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p. 400.—
Sandwich Islands (Pease). — Port Elizabeth.

SCALARIA REPLICATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 32,
figs. 23, 24. — Port Elizabeth (rare).

TEREBRA CAPENSIS, E. A. Smith, pi. 4, fig. 88; Ann.
and Mag. Nat, Hist, 1873, vol. xi. p. 269. — Port Elizabeth.

• TEREBRA GRAYI, E. A. Smith, pi. 4, fig. 89 ; Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 227. = T. gracilis (Gray),
name preoccupied. — South-east Africa.

TEREBRA PERTUSA, Born, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 42, figs. 42, 43. — Port Elizabeth (rare).

TEREBRA TIARELLA, Deshayes, Keeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
109.— Natal.

TEREBRA CINGULIFERA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 42, fig. 24. — Port Elizabeth (rare), Mauritius, &c.

(common).

UASTKOrODA. 25

OHELISCTS SULCATUS, A. Adams, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 171, fig. 34.— Port Elizabeth (rare). Common in
the Indian Ocean.

SYRNOLA ACIGULATA, A. Adams (Obeliscus), Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 171, fig. 21. — Port Elizabeth (rare).

SYRNOLA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 2, fig. 35.—
Testa subulata, luteo-fusca, polita, nitida; anfractus 12,
levissime convexi, sutura impressa sejuncti ; apertura ovalis ;
peristoma simplex ; columella uniplicata.

Long. 1 2^, diam. rnaj. 3 millim. ; apertura longa 2^, lata 1 i
millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

KINGICULA AUSTRALIS, Crosse, Journ. de Conch, vol. xiii.
p. 44, pi. 2, fig. 5. — S. Australia (Crosse), Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA ARGENTEA, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 37.—
Testa elongato-turrita, tenuis, argentea, nitens, longitudiri-
aliter costata ; costis numerosis, confertiusculis, leviter
obliquis, interstitiis Iambus ; spira acuta; anfractus 9 — 10,
convexiusculi, sutura impressa sejuncti ; anfractus ultimus
parvus, costis circ. 20 instructus, ad basim rotundatus,
laevigatus ; apertura ovata ; peristoma acutum ; columella
rectiuscula.

Long. 4^, diam. maj. 1 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little, shining, silvery white shell, shorter than T.
factea (Linn.) and more acutely turreted than T. delicata
(Monterosato).

TURBONILLA L.EVICOSTATA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 36.-
Testa elongato-turrita, lactea, longitudinaliter levissime
costata, costis basin versus evanidis ; spira acuta ; anfractus
10, levissime convexi, sutura leviter impressa sejuncti;
apertura ovata ; peristoma acutum ; columella leviter arcuata.

Long. 5^, diam. maj. H millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Eather larger than the last species, with whorls less
convex, and ribs almost obsolete.

TURBOMLLA TEGULATA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 38. -
Testa elongato-turrita, tenuiuscula, alba, subpellucida,
undique conspicue decussata ; spira acuta, turrita ; anfractus
10, convexi, superne angulati, tabulati, spiraliter et longi-

E

2(1 MARIXE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

tudinaliter stilcati, leviter granulati ; apertura rotunde ovata;
columella leviter contorta ; peristoma acutum.

Long. 4i, diam. maj. 1£ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A turreted, shining white, decussated shell, with whorls
slightly tabulated. The surface between the decussating
grooves has a granulated appearance.

TURBOMLLA CANDIDA, A. Adams, P.Z.S. 1853, p. 181.—
Port Elizabeth.

TURBOMLLA SCALARIS, Philippi, Sowb. Illust. Index of
Brit. Shells, pi. 16, fig. 9 (as Chemnitz i a 1.}. — Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA LACTEA, Linn., Sowb. Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 16, fig. 1 (as Chemnitz ia £.) = Turbo elegan-
tissimus. — Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA CASTANEA, Carpenter, MSS. ? — Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA RUFA, Philippi., Sowb. 111. Index. Brit. Shells,
pi. 16, figs. 4, 5.— Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA BIFASCIATA, A. Adams, Ann. and Mag. of
Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 297; Tryon, Man. of Conch, vol. viii.
pi. 76, fig. 47.— Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA FUSCA, A. A<l<nns, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 181 ;
Tryon, vol. viii. pi. 76, fig. 46.— Port Elizabeth. Tyron
quotes T. bifasdata as a variety of this, but I think the
author was right in considering the species distinct.

ODOSTOMIA ANGASI. Tryon, Man. of Conch, vol. viii.
p. 362, pi. 79, fig. 68. = 0. lactea (Angas), preoccupied by
Dunker. — Port Jackson (Angas), Port Elizabeth.

EULIMA SOLIDA, Sowerbj/, Conch. Icon. sp. 18. — Port
Elizabeth.

EULIMA ATLANTICA, E. A. Smith, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 278,
pi. 23, fig. 25.— St. Helena and Port Elizabeth.

EULIMA NITIDA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 169, fig. 17. — In the byssus of Pinna squamifera ;
mouth of the Knysna River (Krauss).

EULIMA DISTORTA, Deshayes, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 169, fig. 6.— Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 27

Ei'LiMA LANGLEYI, Sowerb//, n. sp., pi. 1, fig. 31. — Testa
elongaia, angusta, recta, pellucida, polita; spira acuta ;
aufractus 8-9, levissime convex!; sutura contecta; area
suturalis fascia pellucida notata ; anfractus ultiums oblongus,
vix inflatus ; apertura oblongo-ovata ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 4£, diam. maj. 1|- niillim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A minute, straight species, in form resembling E. inter-
media, Jeffreys.

CINGULINA CIRCINATA, A. Adams, Ann. and Mag. of Nat.
Hist. I860, vol. vi. p. 414. — Port Elizabeth. The specimens
are scarcely distinguishable from the Japanese.

CINGULINA ACUTILIRATA, Soiverby, nov. sp., pi. 1, fig. 32.-
Testa elongata, turrita, alba ; spira recta, levissime convexa,
versus apicem acuta; anfractus 9-10 vix convexi, Kris 3-4,
acutis spiraliter cingulati ; apertura parviuscula, subovata ;
columella rectiuscula ; labrum acutum.

Long. 5, diam. maj. H millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Differing from G. circinata, A. Adams, in the sharpness
of the ridges and the absence of interstitial crenulation.

CERiTHiorsis PURPUREA, Angas, P.Z.S. 1877, p. 36, pi. 5,
fig. 7. — Port Elizabeth.

CERITHIOPSIS TUBERCULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. Illus. Index
]5rit. Shells, pi. 15, tig. 11.— Port Elizabeth.

DIALA CAPENSIS, Sowerbytpl. l,h'g. 28 ; Journ. of Conch,
vol. vi. p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 17. — Port Elizabeth.

DIALA INFRASULCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 1, fig. 30.—
Testa pyramidata, fusca, aut sordide albida ; spira acuminata,
acuta; anfractus 8—9, planati, sutura irnpressa sejuncti ;
anfractus ultimus angulatus, infra anguluin convexus,
spiraliter 6-7 sulcatus, angustissime umbilicatus ; apertura
latiuscula ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 7, diam. maj. 2 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

DIALA DUBIA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 1, fig. 29. — Testa
oblonga, albida, laBvigata ; spira acutiufecula,elata ; aufractus

28 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA

6, leviter convex!, sutura impressa sejuneti ; anf'r. nit.
rotundatus ; apertura subcircularis ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 4, diam. maj. If millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A simple little shell, of which the generic position is
somewhat doubtful.

ACLIS TENUISTEIATA, Soiverby, nov. sp., pi. 2, fig. 56.—
Testa elongata, angusta, alba ; spira versus apicem acutis-
sima ; anfractus 8, levissime convex!, spiraliter multistriati,
striis tenuissimis, confertis ; sutura leviter impressa ; anfractus
ultimus oblongus ; apertura leviter expansa ; labrum tenue.

Long. 9, diam. maj. 2 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A delicate little white shell, very finely striated, with
an oval mouth and a perfectly plain columella.

SOLARIUM CEVGULUM, Kiener, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 253, fig. 55. — Port Elizabeth.

SOLARIUM VARIEGATUM, Gmelin = S. perspectiviunculus
(Chemnitz), Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 254, fig. 60.—
Natal (Crawford). Widely distributed in the Indian Ocean
and South Pacific.

SOLARIUM CANCELLATUM, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 95,
pi. 5, fig. 29. — Algoa Bay (Krauss).

IANTHINA GLOBOSA, Swainson, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. v. pi. 444, figs. 16, 17. — St. Helena (Lesson), Port Eliza-
beth.

IANTHINA FRAGILIS, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 443, figs. 1-4. — Atlantic, Pacific, and Port Elizabeth.

IANTHINA EXIGUA, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 444, figs. 23, 24. — Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Algoa Bay .

IANTHINA UMBILICATA, D'Orbigny, Sowb. Thes. Conch,
vol. v. pi. 444, sp. 22. — Algoa Bay.

EECLUZIA MONTROUZIERI, Souverbie, Journal de Conchy-
liologie, 1872, pi. 1, fig. 8.— New Caledonia (Mont), Port
Elizabeth.

CONUS TINIANUS, Hwass, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi, 205, fig. 450; var. 0. aurora (Lamarck), fig. 456; var.

GASTROPODA. 29

C. rosaceus (Chemnitz), fig. 455; var. C. Loveni (Krauss),
fig. 449.— Port Elizabeth.

CONUS INFRENATUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 285 ; Sowb.
Conch. Icon. vol. iii. pi. 205, figs. 451-453; var. C. suc-
cinctus (A. Adams), Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 198, fig. 257.—
Port Elizabeth, &c.

CONUS PICTUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 98. In Thes.
Conch, tig. 444 represents C. jaspideus. — Port Elizabeth.
Rarely seen in good condition.

CONUS GILVUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 255. — Saldanha
Bay, South Africa (Reeve).

CONUS CROTCHI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 254.— Saldanha
Bay (Reeve).

CONUS LAUTUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 255. — Port Eliza-
beth. Only dead and somewhat worn specimen s at present found .

CONUS ELONGATUS, Chemnitz, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 20i, figs. 140, 141. = C. mozambicus (Brug.). — Port
Elizabeth (rare).

CONUS GAFFER, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 131, pi. 6,

fig. 24 ; Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 205, figs. 246, 247.

—I am not quite satisfied that this is distinct from (7. elon-

gatus. It is certainly not 0. pictus, as suggested by

Try on.

CONUS ALGOENSIS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 204.
fig. 421.— AlgoaBay ?.

CONUS NATALENSIS, Sowerby (natcdis], Thes. Conch, vol.
iii. pi. 199, figs. 292, 293.— Natal (rare).

CONUS FULVUS, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 34 ; Journ. of Conch,
vol. vi. p. 10, pi. 1, fig. 1. — Port Elizabeth. I have only
seen one specimen of this species, which is in the collection
of Mr. Bairstcw.

CONUS BAIRSTOWI, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 33 ; Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 9, pi. 1, fig. 12. — Port Elizabeth (Mus.
Bairstow).

CONUS HEBR^US, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 189, fig. 56. — Natal coast (Krauss). Common in the
Indian Ocean.

30 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

CONUS BETULINUS, Linn., Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi.
197, fig. 244. — Natal (Crawford). Common in the Indian
Ocean.

CONUS TESSELLATrs, Born, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 198, fig. 250.— Natal (Crawford).

CONUS NEMOCANUS, Hivass. A specimen in the Bairstow
Collection from South Africa.

CONUS LIVIDUS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 188, fig. 27. — Natal coast (Krauss). One of the com-
monest shells on various coasts from the Red Sea and
Mauritius to the Philippine and South Sea Islands. I have
not yet met with it from South Africa.

CONUS MINIMUS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 189, fig. 154. — Natal coast (Krauss). This species is
also widely distributed on the Indian and Indo-Pacific coasts,
but I have not seen it among South African shells.

CONUS TEXTILE, Linn , Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 209, fig.
567. — Natal (Bairstow). A typical specimen in the collec-
tion at Oxford.

CONUS CONSPERSUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 262, var.
C. Verreauxi (Kiener), Krauss, Wiegmann's Aichiv fur
Naturgeschichte, 1852, p. 39. — Cape (Krauss).

CONUS ALTISPIRATUS, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p.
146, pi. 15, tig. 4; Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 512, fig. 720.-
Agulhas Bank.

CONUS GRADATULUS, Weinkduff, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi.
508, fig. 673 = (7onus turritus, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 256, pi. 22, fig. 14.— Agulhas Bank.

STROMBUS FLORIDUS, Lamk., Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 11.
= $. mutabilix (Swainson), Sowerby, Thes. Conch. — Natal
coast (Krauts), Port Elizabeth (Crawford). Common and
widely distributed in the Indian and Indo-Pacific Oceans.

STROMBUS MAURITIANUS, Lamarck, Eeeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 20. —8. cylindricus (Swainson), Sowb. Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 7, fig. 50. — Cape (Bunker).

STROMBUS GIBBERULUS, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
15; Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 6, fig. 18. — Natal coast

GASTROPODA. 31

(Krauss). Very common in the Red Sea and on many
Indian and Indo-Pacific coasts. I have not met with it
among South African shells.

CYPR.EACAPENSJS, Gray, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 320, fig.
306. — Port Elizabeth. Confined to the South-African coast.

EDENTULA, Soiverby, Conch. Illustr. No. 102,
. 26; Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 320, figs. 313, 314.— Pott
Elizabeth. Confined to the South African coast.

CYPR.EA ALGOENSIS, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust.
No. 101, fig. 26; The*. Conch/vol. iv. pi. 320, figs. 311, 312.
-This species is very rare in Algoa Bay.

CYPR^EA SIMILIS, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. No. 103,
fig. 27; Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 320, figs. 300, 301. Var.
C. castanea (Higgins), Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 320, figs.
302, 303. — I have only seen one specimen in perfect con-
dition of this species, but bleached ones turn up occasion-
ally. I am convinced that C. castanea (Higgins) is the
same species.

CYPR.EA AMPHITHALES, Melvill, Mem. Manchester Lit,
and Phil. Soc. 1888, Ser. 4, vol. i. p. 221, pi. 2, fig. 19.-
Port Elizabeth (very rare).

CYPR^EA FUSCO- DENTATA, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust.
No. 103, fig. 27 ; Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 320, figs. 298, 299.
-Worn specimens are not uncommon at Port Elizabeth, but
the shell is seldom found perfect.

CYPR^EA CRUENTA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 314,
fig. 385. = C. variolaria (Lamarck). — This species, common
on the coast of Mauritius, and on various Indian and Indo-
Pacific shores, has, as far as I know, only been found dead at
Port Elizabeth.

CYPR^EA CAPUT-SERPENTIS, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 304, figs. 72, 73. This very common species is but rarely
found on the South-African coast,

CYPR^EA FIMBRIATA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 323,
figs. 390, 391. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow). Widely distributed from Mauritius to the Sand-
wich Islands, Japan, Borneo, and Australia.

32 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

CYPILEA FELINA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 323,
fig. 393. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Distribution about the same as the last.

CYPRJEA CITRINA, Gray, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 316,
figs. 218, 219. — This species has been confounded with (7.
helvola, from which it is quite distinct. South Africa and
Madagascar (rare).

CYPR^A HELVOLA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 316,
fig. 214. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Natal coast (Krauss).
Very common on various Indian and Indo-Pacific shores.

CYPR.<EA ARABICA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 302,
fig. 61. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Natal coast (Krauss).
Common and widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific
Oceans.

CYPR^EA ANNULUS, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 317,
figs. 252, 253.— Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow). Distribution same as last.

CYPR^EA NEGLECTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 323,
fig. 377. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstcw). Distribution same as
last.

EROSA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 309, fig.
111. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Distribution same as last.

CYPR^EA CARNEOLA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 2P4,
Cig. 11.— Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Distribution same as
last.

CYPR^EA CAURICA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 314,
figs. 288, 289.— A dead specimen found at Port Elizabeth.

CYPR.EA MAURITIANA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv.pl. 301,
fig. 51. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Although this species
is not confined to the Mauritian coast, but pretty widely
distributed in the Indian Ocean, it is not common on the
South African coast.

CYPR^EA LAMARCKII, Gray, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 308,
fig. 105. =C. miliaris, Kiener (non Linn.). — Natal Bay
( Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Madagascar, and various
parts of the Indian Ocean.

GASTROPODA. 33

CYPR-EA ISABELLA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 295,
fig. 16. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common ou various
Indian and Indo-Pacific shores.

OCELLATA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 108,
figs. 102, 103. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common in the
Indian Ocean.

CYPR^A MOXETA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 317,
fig. 244. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Very abundant on
various shores from Zanzibar to Polynesia.

CYPR^A TABESCENS, Solander, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi.
318, fig. 261. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). A dead specimen.
Common in Mauritius and in various parts of the Indian
Ocean.

ZICZAC, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 310,
fig. 135. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common and widely
distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

CYPR^EA STAPHYL^EA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 316,
figs. 223, 227. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common and
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

CYPR^A LYNX, Lamarck, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 306,
fig. 86*.- -Natal coast (Krauss). Very common on various;
Indian and Pacific shores.

CYPR.EA VITELLUS, Lamarck, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 297,
fig. 33. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Very common on various Indian and Pacific shores.

CYPR.EA UNDATA, Lamarck, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 310,
figs/ 131-1 33. — Natal coast (Krauss). Common on various
Indian and Pacific shores.

CYPR^A NEBULOSA, Kiener, Coq. Viv. p. 63, pi. 32, fig. 3 ;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 314, fig. 198. — 'Cape'
(Kiener). I have never met with this species excepting
from West Africa (Gambia).

CYPR,EA. LISTERI, Gray, Thes. Conch, vol. iv. pi. 309,
figs. 116, 117. — Natal coast (Krauss). Sparingly distributed
among the Pacific islands. I have never met with this
species from South Africa.

F

34 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

(TRIVIA) ONISCUS, Lamarck, Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 324, figs. 416, 417. A smooth-backed variety of this
species has often been mistaken for C. ovida, from which it-
is constantly distinguished by being when adult ribbed at
the base. — Port Elizabeth and Cape coast.

CYPILEA (TRIVIA) OVULA, Lamk., Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 324, figs. 410, 411.— Port Elizabeth and Cape coast,

(TRIVIA) COST ATA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 324, figs. 414, 41 5 = C. rosea, Wood = (7. carnea, Gray;
Sowb. Conch. Illustr. fig. 147. — Cape coast, very rare
(Krauss). I have not met with this species from Port
Elizabeth.

CYPR^A (TRIVIA) FORMOSA, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch, vol. iv.
pi. 328, figs. 518*, 519.— Cape coast and Port Elizabeth.

CYPR^EA (TRIVIA) PELLUCIDULA, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch.
vol. iv. pi. 327, figs. 497-499.— Port Elizabeth.

CYPR^A (TRIVIA) VESCICULARIS, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch.
vol. iv. pi. 324, figs. 412, 413.— Port Elizabeth. Rarely
found in good condition. This species is like a miniature
C. oniscus, but more finely ribbed.

OVULA SPELTA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 100,
figs. 63, 64. — Port Elizabeth, Cape coast. Known as a
Mediterranean species.

OVULA BIROSTRIS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 100, figs. 65, 66. — Port Elizabeth. Of wide distribution.
Specimens have been found at Mauritius, Ceylon, Singa-
pore, Hong Kong, Japan, &c.

OvrLA CARNEA, Poiret, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 101,
fig. 77.- A large, light variety of this common Medi-
terranean species found at Port Elizabeth.

OVULA AURANTIA, 8owerhi/i pi. 1, fig. 26; Journ. of
Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 11, pi. 1, fig. 15.— Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow).

CANCELLARIA FOVEOLATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 93, figs. 30, 31. — Port Elizabeth. The species varies in
colour from nearly ^yhite to dark brown or nearly bluck.

GASTROPODA. 35

CANCELLARIA SEMIDISJUNCTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 95, figs. 62, 63.— Port Elizabeth.

CANCELLARIA LAMELLOSA, Hinds, Zool. of Voyage of
Sulphur, p. 43, pi. 12, figs. 15, 16. — Agulhas Bank, 70
fathoms (Hinds).

CERITHIUM VULGATUM, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 179,
fig. 67. — A small pale variety of this common Mediterranean
species found at Fort Elizabeth.

CERITHIUM TUBERCULATUM, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 182, fig. 164.— Natal (Crawford).

CERITHIUM COLIJMNA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 178, fig. 56.— Natal (Crawford).

CERITHIUM T^NIATUM, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 290, fig. 320.— Natal.

CERITHIUM CONTRACTUM, Soiverby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 184, fig. 218.— Natal.

CERITHIUM PINGUE, A. Adams, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 148, fig. 217.— Port Elizabeth.

CERITHIUM MEDITERRANEUM, Deshayes, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 181, figs. 131, 132.— Port Elizabeth. Common
in the Mediterranean, and a variety is found on the
Mauritian coast.

CERITHIUM KOCHII, Philippi, Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 176,
figs. 13-15. — Port Elizabeth (rare), Red Sea, Indian Ocean,
Mauritius, China Sea, &c. (common).

CERITHIUM ( VERTAGUS) OBELISCUS, Brtiguiere, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 177, fig. 30. — Natal coast (Krauss). Common in
the Indian Ocean.

CERITHIUM ECHINATUM, Lamarck, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 178, fig. 44. — Natal Bay (Krauss). Common on many
coasts, from Mauritius to the Philippines.

CERITHIUM MONILIFERUM, Duf res-tie, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 182, fig. 163. — Natal coast (Krauss), Ked Sea, Philippines,
South Sea Islands, &c.

36 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

CERITHIUM FOVEOLATUM, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 1, fig. 27,
-Testa minima, acuminata, sordide albida; spira acuminata;
anfractus 10, leviter convexi, sutura leviter impressa sejuncti,
cancellati, profunde seriatim foveolati ; anfractus ultimus
curtus, ad basin leviter contractus ; apertura breviter
expansa ; columella leviter contorta.

Long. 4 millirn.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little dull white species, the surface of which is
deeply punctured.

CERITHIDEA DECOLLATA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 186,
tig. 276. —Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Natal (Krauss),
Zanzibar, Madagascar, Mauritius, &c.

TRIFORIS CATTTERETENSIS, Hinds, Zool. Toy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 29, pi. 8, tig. 17. -Natal coast (Krauss).

TRIFORIS TERVERSUS, Linn., Sowb. 111. Index Brit. Shells,
pi. 15, fig. 10.— Port Elizabeth (Crawford). This well-
known European species is of very wide distribution.

TRIFORIS CINGULATUS, A. Adams., Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. 279. — Cape of Good Hope.

LITTORINA KNYSNAENSIS, Krauss, Philippi, Conch, vol. xi.
p. 196, pi. 4, fig. 4. — Port Elizabeth. This is a variable
species and includes L. africana, Krauss.

LITTORINA NATALENSIS, Krauss, Philippi, Abbild. u.
Beschr. n. Conch, vol. ii. p. 160, pi. 3, fig. 4. — Algoa Bay
and Natal coast (Krauss).

LITTORINA DECOLLATA, Krauss, Phil. Conch, vol. ii.
p. 196, pi. 4, fig. 3. — Natal coast (Krauss).

LITTORINA AHENEA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 15. — Port
Elizabeth. Of very wide distribution in the Atlantic,
Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

LITTORINA ZIGZAG, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 57.
—Natal coast (Crawford).

LITTORINA ASPERA, Philippi, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845,
]». 139 ; Tryon, Man. of Conch, vol. ix. pi. 44, figs. 80-85 &c.

GASTROPODA. 37

LITTORINA NEWCOMBI, Reeve, Corich. Icon. sp. 28. — Natal
(Crawford).

LITTORINA INTERMEDIA, PhiHppi, Eeeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 101. — Natal Bay (Krauss), Borneo, Philippines, &c.

LITTORINA PUNCTATA, Gmelin, Keeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 66.
—Cape coast (Dunker), Senegal, &c.

LITTORINA GLABRATA, Philippi, Eeeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 104. — Natal coast (Krauss).

PLANAXIS SULCATUS, Quoy et Gaimard, Eeeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 24. — Natal coast (Krauss). Common on various
coasts in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

PLANAXIS ACUTUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 103, pi. 6,
fig. 2. — Natal (Krauss).

MIRALDA CRISPA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 55. — Testa
elongato-pyramidata, alba, nitens ; spira acuta, turrita ;
sutura canaliculata ; anfractus 6-7, medio leviter angulati,
tricarinati, carinis acute nodulosis, interstitiis plicatis ;
anfractus ultimus inferne rotundatus, vix protractus ;
apertura ovata ; columella leviter contorta, plica unica acuta
ininutissima superne instructa.

Long. 3, diam. maj. 1 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little silvery shell, crisply noduled,

AURICULINA LUCIDA, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 39. — Testa
elongata, alba, polita, subpellucida ; apice obtusa ; anfractus
6, leviter convexi ; anfractus ultimus oblongus ; apertura
antice latiuscula, postice acute attenuata ; columella leviter
contorta; peristoma simplex.

Long. 4, diam. maj. 1 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A small white pellucid shell of simple character.

EISSOINA ELEGANTULA, Angas, P. Z. S. 1880, p. 417, pi.
40, fig. 10.— Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

EISSOA (ALVANIA) FENESTRATA, Kraues, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 86, pi. 5, fig. 20.— Port Elizabeth.

EISSOA PINN.E, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 87, pi. 5, fig. 21.
— Port Elizabeth.

38 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

EISSOA NIGRA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 86, pi. 5, fig. 19.
— Algoa Bay and Table Bay (Krauss).

EISSOA (ALVANIA) ARGENTEA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 1 1 ,
fig. 40. — Testa acmninato-ovata, imperforata, argenteo-nitens,
pellucida ; spira acutiuscula, gradata ; anfractus 6, convexi,
liris approximatis, leviter granulatis (in anfr. penult. 4-5, in
anfr. ult. eirc. 8), sculpti, superne longitudiualiter plicati ;
aufractus ultimus leviter inflatus ; apertura ovata ; peristoma
simplex ; columella arcuata.

Long. 2, diam. maj. 1^ mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A beautiful little shining silvery shell, not regularly
latticed like R. fenestrata, but with the spiral ridges much
more prominent than the longitudinal plaits, which are nu-
merous and visible only on the upper half of the whorls.

EISSOA (CINGULA) CAPENSIS, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 2, fig.
41. — Testa ovata, anguste perforata, fulvo-cornea, zona lata
fnsca cincta ; spira breviter turrita, acutiuscula, sutura pro-
funda ; anfractus 5^, Iseves, convexi ; anfractus ultimus
spiram paulo superans, leviter inflatus ; apertura ovata, infra
angulata ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 2, diam. maj. 1^ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A smooth horny umbilicated species with a single broad
brown band.

CAECUM GLABRUM, Montagu, Sowb. 111. Index Brit.
Shells, pi. 15, fig. 7. — Port Elizabeth.

TURRITELLA CARINIFERA, Lamarck, Eeeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 12 — Natal, Table Bay and Port Elizabeth.

TURRITELLA BACILLUM, Kiener, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 7.
-Natal Bay (Krauss). This species is widely distributed in
the Indian and Pacific Oceans. I have not met with it among
South African shells.

TURRITELLA CAPENSIS, Krauss., Sudafr. Moll. p. 106, pi. 6,
fig. 8. — Table Bay (Krauss).

TURRITELLA KNYSNAENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 106,
pi. 6, fig. 9 ; Knysna (Krauss). — Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

TURRITELLA EXCAVATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870,
p. 252, pi. 21, fig. 3. — Aghulhas Bank.

GASTROPODA. 39

TURRITELLA PUNCTULATA, Soiverby,~Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870,
p. 253. — Agulhas Bank.

VERMETUS (SIPHONIUM) NEBULOSUS, Dilhvyn, Tryon, vol.
viii. p. 184, pi. 54, figs. 84-86.

VERMETUS (THYLACODES) CONICUS, Dillwyn, Tryon, vol.
viii. pi. 49, fig. 24. = V. decussatus (Gmelin). — Port Eliza-
beth.

VERMETUS (STREPHOPOMA) TRICUSPE, Morck., P. Z. S.
1861, p. 150.— South Africa,

SILIQUARIA OBTUSA, Schumacher, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. v. pi. 480, fig. 3, = $. anguina, Philippi, non Linn.—
Only small specimens of this species have been found at
Port Elizabeth. Distribution : Mediterranean, Senegal, &c.

TROCHITA HELICOIDEA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi.
449, figs. 53, 54.— Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).

TROCHITA CHINENSIS, -Linn., Sowerby, Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pi. 10, fig. 29.— Port Elizabeth. The South-African
specimens of this European species are mostly purple-tinted.

CREPIDULA ASPERSA, Dunker, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 452,
figs. 126, 127. — Port Elizabeth; Lower Guinea (Dunker).
This appears to be a young shell. I am not sure that C.
lentiginosa is not the adult form of this species.

CREPIDULA RUGULOSA, Dunker, Zeitsch. fiir Malakozool.
1846, p. 108.— Table Bay (Krauss).

CREPIDULA ACULEATA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 452, fig. 124. — Table Bay, Simon's Bay, Natal coast, Port
Elizabeth ; also found on the Atlantic coast of South
America ; and a variety (costata) inhabits the shore of Naga-
saki, Japan (Lischke).

CREPIDULA HEPATICA, Deshayes, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 453, figs. 131, 132.— Table Bay, Natal, Port Eliza-
beth, &c.

CREPIDULA LENTIGINOSA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 453, fig. 130.— Port Elizabeth. Possibly the adult form
of C. aspersa (Dunker).

40 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

HIPPONYX PILOSUS, Deshayes, Tryon, M. of C., vol. viii.
pi. 40, fig. 3. — Natal coast (Krauss).

HIPPONYX GRANULATUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853,
p. 171, pi. 20, fig. 3.— Natal and Port Elizabeth.

HIPPONYX AUSTRALIS, Quoy and Gaimard, Tryou's
Manual, vol. viii. p. 136, pi. 41, figs. 12, 13. =H. acutus
(Quoy). — Natal coast (Krauss).

NERITA ALBICILLA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. v. p. 464,
figs. 26, 27. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow
and Crawford), Mauritius, Red Sea, &c.

NERITA POLITA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 463,
figs. 2, 3.— Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, Zanzibar,
Mauritius, &c.

NERITA UMLASSIANA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 89, pi. 5,
fig. 25. — Mouth of Eiver Knysna (Krauss).

NERITA QUADRICOLOR, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 463,
fig. 14. — Natal Point (Krauss). This species is common in
the Reel Sea. I have not met with it from South Africa.

NERITA PLICATA, Linn., Thes. Conch., vol. v. pi. 466,
figs. 79, 80. — Very common on various parts of the South
African coast.

NERITA EXUVIA, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 464, fig. 34.
-Natal Bay (Krauss). I have not met with this species
from South Africa. It is common in various parts of the
Indian Ocean.

NERITA PLEXA, Chemnitz, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 464,
fig. 33. — Port Elizabeth. Widely distributed in the Indian
Ocean.

NERITA SANGUINOLEXTA, Menke, Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 468, fig. 113 (as albicilla var). — Port Elizabeth. Dis-
tribution : Mauritius, Madagascar, &c.

NERITA COMMA-NOTATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 72; Thes.
Conch, vol. v. pi. 466, fig. 59.

NERITA LISTERI, Reduz, Thes. Couch, vol. v. pi. 4C5,
fig. 51. --Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 4]

PHASIANELLA CAPENSis, Dunkei', Kruuss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 104, pi. 6, fig. 5.— Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay, Table
Bay, &c.

PHASIANELLA KOCHII, Phillppi, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll,
p. 104, pi. 6, fig. 4.— Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay, Table
Bay, &c.

PHASIANELLA ELONGATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 104,
pi. 6, fig. 3. — Cape (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &c.

PHASIANELLA PULLUS, var. P. tennis (Philippi), Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 476, fig. 30. — Cape coast (Krauss).

PHASIANELLA BICARINATA, Dunker, Tryon, vol. x. p. 176,
pi. 39a, fig. 10.— Cape (Dunker). I am not acquainted with
this species. It has an abnormal look.

PHASIANELLA NERITINA, Danker, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 105, pi. 6, fig. 6 ; Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 476, fig. 10.-
Cape (Krauss).

TURBO CORONATUS, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 498,
fig. 51. — Natal coast (Krauss). Distribution : Red Sea to
the East Indian Archipelago.

TURBO SARMATICUS, Linn., Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 497,
fig. 43. = classiarius (Gray). — Port Elizabeth and various
parts of the South African coast.

TURBO CIDARIS, Gmelin, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 496,
fig. 35, var. C. natalensis (Reeve), Conch. Icon. (Turbo)
sp. 1 ; Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 497, fig. 41. Turbo natalensis
has not only been considered specifically distinct from T.
cidaris, but it has been placed in a different genus on ac-
count of the curiously tufted granulation of the operculum.
After comparison of a large number of specimens, Mr. Pon-
sonby, Professor Gwatkin, and I have come to the conclusion
that it is a mere 'variety. The shells vary a good deal, from
a strongly-ribbed growth to perfectly smooth, also in the
height of the spire, &c., but they cannot be separated by
any reliable character. In the operculum the size of the
granulation and more or less perforated centre seem to vary
indiscriminately. Then, as to the animal, Mr. Gwatkin
says : ' A careful examination of T. cidaris and natalensis
leaves me at a loss for any clear difference of dentition. The

42 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

specimens vary a little, but only a little, and that promiscu-
ously. I cannot find any specific difference.'

TURBO (COLLONIA) SANGUINEUS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes.
Conch, vol. v. pi. 504, fig. 146. = T. quantilla(Groul<f). — Port
Elizabeth (Crawford), Mediterranean, Vancouver Island, &c.

TURBO (COLLONIA) MINUTUS, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 53 ; J. of
C. 1889, vol. vi. p. 152, pi. 3, fig. 9.— Port Elizabeth. Since
describing this species I have seen a couple of specimens of
rather larger size.

OXYSTELE MERULA, Lam-arck, Tryon, vol. xi. pi. 23, fig 79.
-Port Elizabeth (plentiful).

OXYSTELE TIGRINUS, Chemnitz, Tryon, vol. xi. pi. 23,
figs. 61-64.— Port Elizabeth (plentiful).

OXYSTELE NIGER, A. Adams (Photinula), P. Z. S. 1851,
p. 192.— Port Elizabeth.

OXYSTELE ZONATUS, Wood, Tryon, vol. xi. p. 238, pi. 36,
fig. 21 (as Gibbula). — Port Elizabeth, Simon's Bay, &c.

OXYSTELE IMPERVIUS, Menke, Philippi, Conch. Cab. p. 145,
pi. 24, fig. 8 ; var. Trochus sagittiferus (Lamarck), Phil.
Conch. Cab. pi. 24, fig. 16 ; var. Trochus indecorus, Phil.
Conch. Cab. p. 143, pi. 24, fig. 5 ; var. Trochus variegatus
(Anton). — Agulhas Bank (Krauss), Simon's Bay, Table Bay,
Port Elizabeth, &c. (common).

OXYSTELE TABULARIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 97, pi. 5,
fig. 30. — Table Bay (Krauss), Natal and Port Elizabeth.

OXYSTELE TAMST, Dunker, Index Moll. Guinea, p. 16,
pi. 2, figs. 40-42. — Cape (Dunker), Guinea, Cape de Verde
Islands, &c.

CALLIOSTOMA ORNATUM, Lamarck (Trochus), Eeeve,
Conch. Icon. (Ziziphinus), sp. 7. — Several varieties of this
pretty shell found at Port Elizabeth.

CALLIOSTOMA EUCALYPTUS, A. Adams, Eeeve, Conch. Icon.
(Ziziphinus), sp. 17. — Port Elizabeth (rare). Reputed habi-
tats : Australia, Tasmania, '&c.

CALLIOSTOMA BICINGULATUM, Lamarck (Trochus), Eeeve,
Conch. Icon. (Ziziphinns), sp. 20. — Cape coast (Krauss).
This species is quoted from Torres Straits.

GASTROPODA. 43

CALLIOSTOMA FULTONI, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 43 ; Journal of
Conchology, 1889, vol. vi. p. 153, pi. 3, tig. 7.— Port
Elizabeth.

CALLIOSTOMA FAKQUHARI, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 2, fig. 42.
-Testa conica, elata, angustissime umbilicata, grisea, fusco-
inaculata ; spira kevissirne convexa, ad apicem acuta ; an-
fractus 7-8, planato-declives, spiraliter dense lirati, oblique
subtilissime stviati, inferne angulati, ad angulum rnaculis
fuscis ornati; basis convexa, liris circ. 12, exsculpta; apertura
leviter obliqua, fauce laevi ; columella rectiuscula, leviter
callosa; peristoma acutum.

Long. 12 ; diam. maj. 9 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species is not far removed from 0. Fultoni, from
which it is chiefly distinguished by its strong spiral sculp-
ture, and by the row of brown spots at the angle.

GIBBULA GRANULOSA, Dunker (Delphinula), Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll. p. 94, pi. 5, fig. 28.— Table Bay (Krauss),
Simon's Bay and Port Elizabeth.

GIBBULA CAPENSIS, Gmelin, Philippi, Conch. Cab. pi. 29,
fig. 22. — Port Elizabeth, Natal, &c.

GIBBULA ROSEA, Gmelin. See Journal of Conch., 1889,
vol. vi. p. 153.

GIBBULA MULTICOLOR, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 97, pi. 5,
fig. 31. — Table Bay (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

GIBBULA ZEYHERI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p. 33.
— I do not know this species, but from the description it
appears to be nearly allied to G. deer.

GIBBULA ARMILLATA, A. Adams (MSS. ?), Sowerby (Turbo),
Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 50, fig. 93. — Port Elizabeth. Having
examined the operculum of this little shell, I find it to belong
to the genus Gibbula, and not to Collonia as the form of
the shell led me to suppose.

GIBBULA CICER, Menke. See Journal of Conch. 1889,
vol. vi. p. 153. Turbo deer (Sowerby), Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pi. 505, fig. 59. This is the Trocltus inusivus of Gould.—
Table Bay, Simon's Bay, and Port Elizabeth.

44 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

GIBBULA BENZI. Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 99, pi. 5, fig. 32.
-Port Elizabeth.

GIBBULA LUDWIGI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 99, pi. 5,
fig. 33. — Cape (Krauss). Unknown to me.

GIBBULA MINI ATA, Anton, Philippi, Beschr. und Abbild.
vol. i. p. 33, pi. 1. fig. 7. — Table Bay (Krauss). Unknown
to me.

GIBBULA PONSONBYI, Soiverby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888 ;
Journal of Conchology, 1889, vol. v. p. 11. — Port Elizabeth.

GIBBULA BIPORCATA, A. Adams (MSS. ?). — Port Elizabeth
(rare). See Addendum.

TROCHUS (POLYDONTA) NIGROPUNCTATUS, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Trochus), sp. 71. — Port Elizabeth (a young shell).

SOLARIELLA FUSCO-MACULATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 11,
fig. 46. — Testa minuta, late et profuncleurnbilicata,depresse
orbicularis, lasvis, albida, maculis parvis fuscis irregulariter
conspersis picta ; spira obtusa, vix elevata; anfractus 4^,
convexi ; sutura anguste canaliculata sejuncti ; anfr. ulti-
mus depresse rotundatus ; basis radiatim plicata ; umbilicus
perspectivus. Apertura circularis, parviuscula ; peristorna
simplex.

Diam. 3^ ; alt. 2^ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A pretty little species, of which Mr. Ponsonby has shown
me one fresh specimen, and several dead ones. One or two
of the dead ones are a little larger than the type. The shell
is quite smooth, excepting the puckering of the base, com-
mencing in the umbilicus.

SOLARIELLA DILECTA, A. Adams (pi. 4, fig. 90), Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 40 (Margarita) ; Journal of Conch. 1889,
vol. vi. p. 154. — Port Elizabeth. The type in the Cumiugian
collection is labelled ' Straits of Magellan.'

SOLARIELLA UNDATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870,
p. 251. — Agulhas Bank.

MONODONTA AUSTRALIS, Deshayes, Tryon, Manual, vol. xi.
p. 88, pi. 62, fig. 84.— Natal (Krauss).

GASTROPODA. 45

MONODONTA (PUIOTROCHUS) OBSCURA, Wood, Tryon,

vol. xi. p. 257, pi. 61, fig. 33.— Natal (Crawford).

CLANCULUS CARINATUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. 162 ; Tryon, vol. xi. pi. 14, fig. 24-26.— Port Elizabeth.

CLANCULUS PUNICEUS, Philippi, Conch. Cab. p. 73, pi.
14, fig. 2. — Natal coast (Krauss). Distribution: Ked Sea,
Zanzibar, Senegal, &c. I have not met with this species
among South African shells ; it is nearly allied to, if not a
mere variety of C. Pharaonis.

CLANCULUS LACEYI, Soiverby, pi. 11, fig. 44; Journal of
Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 11, pi. "l, fig. 16.— Port Elizabeth,

CLANCULUS WALTON^E, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 45.
-Testa breviter conica, fuscescens, maculis minutis nigro-
fuscis irregulariter aspersa ; anfractus 5i, convexiusculi,
liris spiralibus granulatis (in anfr. penult. 4, lira minima
interveniente) ornati, sutura caualiculata sejuncti ; anfractus
ultimus obtuse angulatus ; basis leviter convexa, liris granu-
latis circ. 9 ornata; umbilicus profunde excavatus; columella
obliqua, supra et infra angulata; apertura leviter obliqua,
subquadrata, fauce iridescens.

l)iam. 11 ; alt. 8i millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

Somewhat resembling C. carinatus and C. Laceyi, with
the ridges crisply granulated. In form it is more elevated
and inflated than 0. carinatus.

CYCLOSTREMA ROTUNDATA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 2, fig. 47.
—Testa orbiculata, anguste umbilicata, albida, subpellucida ;
spira obtusa, sutura canaliculata ; anfractus 4, convexi,
spiraliter striati ; anfractus ultimus rotuude convexus : aper-
tura leviter obliqua, subcircularis.

Diam. 2^ ; alt. H millim.

Hab. Po'rt Elizabeth.

A little white shell, of which the true generic position
is uncertain. The species varies a good deal in form, and
in the width of the umbilicus, which in some specimens is
nearly closed.

CYCLOSTREMA INFLATA, Soiuerby, n. sp., pi. 11, fig. 48.-
Testa inflata, anguste umbilicata, tenuis, alba; spira parva,
acutiuscula, gradata; sutura profunda ; anfractus 4, priiru

46 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

biangulati ; anfractus ultimus inflatus, rotundatus, sub-
oblique oblongus, spiraliter obscure liratus, minutissime
striatus ; apertura subcircularis, leviter obliqua ; peristoma
continuum, simplex.

Diam. maj. 9| ; alt. 7 mill.

A thin white inflated species, with a narrow umbilicus,
upper whorls bi-angulated, body-whorl very finely striated,
and showing very faint traces of spiral ribs ; the spire is very
small and rather acute, and the whorls are divided by a deep
suture.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

CYCLOSTREMA PLANULATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 1 1, fig. 49.
-Te.-ta orbiculata, compressa, tenuis, alba, late et profunde
umbilicata ; spira parva, vix exserta, planulata ; anfractus
3|, spiraliter btriati ; anfractus ultimus planato-convexus,
acutissime carinatus ; basis concava, lira elevata circa umbi-
licum munita ; apertura patula ; peristoma simplex.

Diam. maj. 5, min. 4^ ; alt. H millim.

A remarkable little shell, in which the spire is very small
in proportion to the body whorl, which is broad, slightly con-
vex at the top, and flattened at the base, with a sharp keel
at the margin. The shell somewhat resembles in form a
miniature Trochita calyptrceformis.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

LIOTIA PULCHERKIMA, Adams, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
vol. vii. 1851, p. 332. — ' Cape of Good Hope ' (Mus. Cuming.).

HALIOTIS SAM;UINEA, Hanley, Keeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 17;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 439, fig. 93.— Table Bay,
Port Elizabeth, and Cape coast generally.

HALIOTIS MID^E, Linn., Keeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 16 ;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 431, fig. 31. = H. cap&nsis
(Dunker). — Port Elizabeth and Cape coast generally.

HALIOTIS PARVA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 53 ;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 429, fig. 17. = //.
canal iculata (Lamarck). — Table Bay and Port Elizabeth.

STOMATELLA SULCIFERA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 174, fig. 3. — Natal (Krauss).

STOMATELLA ARTICULATA, A. Adams, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 174, fig. 2. — I found a small specimen of this species in

GASTROPODA. 47

the Bairstow collection ; it may possibly be the same species
as that identified by Krauss as S. sulcifera.

STOMATELLA CANCELLATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 93,
pi. 5, fig. 26; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 174. — Table
Bay, Natal, &c.

FISSURELLA SCUTELLA, Gray, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol.
iii. pi. 244, fig. 207. — Cape coast (Krauss), Torres Straits.

FISSURELLA CALYCULATA, !Sowerby, Genera of Shells,
No. 21, fig. 4; Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 140, fig. 126.— Port
Elizabeth and Cape coast generally.

FISSURELLA SIEBOLDI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 102 ;
Sowerby, Conch. Icon. vol. iii. pi. 241, fig. 138. — Port
Elizabeth. Known as a Japanese species.

FISSURELLA IXCARNATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 65,
pi. 4, fig. 7.— Table Bay and Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA CONOIDES, Philip-pi, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. p. 189, pi. 3, fig. 51. — Cape of Good Hope.

FISSURELLA NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 66,
pi. 4, fig. 8 ; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 239, fig. 69.
-Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &c.

FISSURELLA CRUCIATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 67, pi. 4,
fig. 9; Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 143, fig. 191. —
Natal coast ^Krauss).

FISSURELLA AUSTRALIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 67, pi. 4,
fig. 10. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &c.

FISSURELLA OBTUSA, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. p. 7, fig. 59 ;
Thes. Conch, vol. iii. p. 189, pi. 4, fig. 80. — Cape of Good
Hope, coll. G. Humphrey (Sowerby).

FISSURELLA CAFFRA, Gmelin, Martini, Conch. Cab.
vol. i. pi. 2, fig. 95; Patella caffra, Gmelin, No. 201,
p. 3730.—' Cape' (Martini).

FISSURELLA ELEVATA, Dunker, Philippi, Abbild. und
Beschreib. neuer Conch. Bd. ii. p. 67, tab. 2, fig. 4. — Cape
coast (Dunker).

FISSURELLA MUTABILIS, Soiuerby, Conch. Illust. figs. 67,
70; Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 239, fig. 70.— Table Bay,
Natal coast, and Port Elizabeth.

48 MARINE SHELLS UK SOUTH AFKICA.

FJSSURELLA NEGLFCTA, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 241, fig. 139.— Port Elizabeth. A well-known
Mediterranean species.

FISSURELLA NUBECULA, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 239, fig. 73. — Port Elizabeth and Mediterranean.

FISSURELLA ROBUSTA, Sowerby, pi. 2, figs. 50, 51 ; Journ.
of Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 12, pi. 1, figs. 5, 6.— Port
Elizabeth (Crawford). A single worn specimen.

FISSURELLA DUBIA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 35 ; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 244, fig. 208.— Cape of Good Hope.

FISSURELLA ROTA, Reeve, Ccnch. Icon. sp. 79 ; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 239, fig. 72. — Cape of Good Hope.

FISSURELLA PARVI-FORATA, Sowerby, pi. 2, figs. 52, 53 ;
Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. 1889, p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 7. — Port
Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA FIMBRIATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 104.-
Port Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA FUMATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 03 ; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 149, figs. 95-97.— Port Elizabeth.
Quoted as West Indian.

FISSURELLIDEA HiANTULA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 248, figs. 193-195.— Port Elizabeth and Cape
coast generally.

FISSURELLIDEA CONCATENATE, Crosse and Fischer, J. de
C. vol. xiii. p. 41, pi. 3, figs. 1-3. — Port Elizabeth.

PUPILLIA APERTA, Sowerby (Fissurella), Tank. Catal.
Supp. p. 6 ; Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 244, fig. 228.— Port
Elizabeth. This species is quoted as from Patagonia, but I
have only met with it from South Africa.

MACROCHISMA PRODUCT A, A. Adams, Sowerby, Thos.
Conch, vol. iii. pi. 244, fig. 224. — Port Elizabeth (Bairstow),
a dead specimen. An Australian species.

DENTALIUM LESSONI, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. iii. pi. 224, fig. 15.— Port Elizabeth (Crawford), dead
specimens. A Mediterranean species.

GASTROPODA. 49

SCUTUM IMBRICATUM, Qaoy et Gairn. Voy. de
1'Astrolabe, Moll. vol. iii. p. 323, pi. 69, figs. 17, 18.— Natal
coast (Krauss).

HELCION PECTINATUS, Linn. (Patella), Syst. Nat, p. 1259 ;
Chenu, Man. Conch, fig. 2814. — Table Bay, Agulhas Bank,
Port Elizabeth, and Cape coast generally (abundant).

GADINIA COSTATA, Krauss (Mouretia), Sudafr. Moll.
p. 57, pi. 4, fig. ]. — Cape coast.

GrADixiA AFRA, Omelln (Patella), Syst. Nat. p. 3715;
Adams, Gren. Eec. Moll. pi. 52, fig. 8a. — Port Elizabeth.

PATELLA VARIABILIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 55, pi. 3,
fig. 12. — Natal coast, Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA COCHLEAR, Born, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24. —
Table Bay, Agulhas Bank, and Port Elizabeth.

PATELLA COMPRESSA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 13.-
Port Elizabeth and Cape coast generally.

PATELLA ARGENVILLEI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 49 ;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 20. — Table Bay (Krauss), Port,
Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA RUSTICA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 8.—
Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA PLICATA, Born, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 16. I
doubt very much whether this is anything more than a
variety of P. rustica. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA TABULARIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 47, pi. 3,
fig. 8. In my opinion this also is a form of P. rustica.
P. obtecta, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 47, pi. 3, fig. 11, is
simply the young of the same. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA GRANATIXA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 4.—
Cape coast (common).

PATELLA GRAXULARIS, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 31.
P. echinulata, Krauss (Sudafr. Moll. p. 52, pi. 3, sp. 15), is
the young of this species. — Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA UMBELLA, G'tnelin, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 17.
P. miniata, Born, is the young of this species. — Port
Elizabeth.

n

50 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

PATELLA DUNKERI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 55, pi. 3,
fig. 14. — Port Elizabeth, Cape and Natal coasts.

PATELLA EXARATA, Nuttal, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 4~.—
Port Elizabeth (rare). Common in the Sandwich Islands.

PATELLA SAFIANA, Lamarck, = P. conspicua (Philippi),
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 12. — Port Elizabeth (rare). This
fine species is also found on the Algerian coast.

PATELLA LONGICOSTA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 11. — Port Elizabeth and other parts of the South
African coast.

PATELLA OCULUS, Born, Sowerby, Conch. Manual, fig. 229 ;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 2 : P. badia, Grmelin; P. fuscescens,
Gmelin (Krauss) ; P. Schroeterl, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 43.

PATELLA BARBARA, Linn., Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 45.—
Table Bay and Agulhas Bank (Krauss). This species is also
quoted from Falkland Islands.

PATELLA NIGRO-ALBA, Blainville (Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 53), is unknown to me. — ' Cape ' (Blainv.).

PATELLA MACULATA, Blainville (Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 53), is unknown to me. — * Cape' (Blainv.).

PATELLA CAPENSIS, Gmelin, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 53,
pi. 3, fig. 13. — Port Elizabeth and Cape coast, generally ; also
coasts of Madagascar, Mauritius, Ceylon, &c.

PATELLA PRUINOSA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 56, pi. 3,
fig. 9 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 109. — Table Bay, Port
Elizabeth, &c. (abundant).

CHITON GIGAS, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 65.—
Table Bay, Natal, Port Elizabeth, &c.

CHITON TULIPA, Quoy, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 18. = C.
cyrnbiola, Sowerby. — Table Bay, Natal coast, Port Eliza-
beth, &c.

CHITON MARGINATUS, Pennant, Sowerby, Illust. Index of
Brit. Shells, pi. 10, fig. 13. — Port Elizabeth (not uncommon).
This is well known and common on the British, Norwegian,
North American, and other coasts.

GASTROPODA. 5 1

CHITON GARNETI, Blainville, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. de
PAstrol. vol. iii. p. 401, pi. 73, tigs. 9-14.— Table Bay, Natal
coast, Port Elizabeth, &c.

CHITON TEXTILIS, Gray, Spicil. Zool. 1, p. 5 ; Sowerby,
Conch, lllust. 61. = C. solea, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. = C.
indicus, Sowerby. — Table Bay, Port Elizabeth, &c.

CHITON WATSONI, Sotverby, Conch. Illust. figs. 81, 82, 130.
-Table Bay, &c.

CHITON PRUINOSUS, Gould, U. S. Exploring Expedition,
1852, p. 316, fig. 419. = C. pollicaria, Carp. — Port Eliza-
beth.

CHITON PERTUSUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 16, fig. 88.—
Simon's Bay (Krauss).

CHITON CASTANEUS, Wood, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. figs.
114-116 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 23. — Cape of Good Hope.

CHITON WAHLBERGI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 36, pi. 3,
fig. 1. — Table Bay (Krauss).

CHITON CAPENSIS, Gray, Spicil. Zool. p. 5 ; Eeeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 151. — Table Bay and Natal coast.

CHITON TIGRINUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 38, pi. 3,
fig. 5. — False Bay.

CHITON NIGROVIRESCENS, Blainville, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll,
p. 38.— 'Cape' (Blainv.).

CHITON MACGILLIVRAYI, Carpenter. — Port Elizabeth.

CHITON ONISCUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 39, pi. 3,
fig. 4. — Natal coast.

CHITON CYANEO-PUNCTATUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 40,
pi. 3, fig. 2. — Cape coast (Krauss).

CHITON CARMICHAELIS, Wood, Index Test. supp. pi. 1,
fig. 10 ; Spicil. Zool. p. 6.— Cape of Good Hope (Wood).

CHITON PUSTULATUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 42, pi. 3,
fig. 7. — Natal coast (Wahlberg).

ACTION ALDUS, Sowerby (Tornatella), Proc. Zool. Soc.
1873, p. 720, pi. 49, fig. 6; Journ. of Conch. 1886, vol. v.
p. 15. — Port Elizabeth.

52 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

ACTION (SOLIDULA) SUTURALIS, A. Adams, Eeeve, Coneb.
Icon. Tornatella, sp. 9. — Port Elizabeth and Natal (Crawford ).

ACTION ( SOLIDULA) SOLIDULUS, Linn. (Voluta), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. Tornatella, sp. 3. — Natal.

HYDATIXA PHYSIS, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. Hydatina,
sp. 2. — Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Common on the Mauritian coast and various parts of the
Indian Ocean.

BULLINA ZICZAC, Muhlfeldt, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bullina,
sp. 2. = B. lineata,Wood; B. lauta, Pease. — Port Eliza-
beth. A widely distributed species found on the coasts of
Mauritius, Ceylon, Sandwich Islands, Australia, &c.

CYLICHNA CYLINDRACEA, Pennant, Sowerby's Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pi. 20, fig. 4.— Port Elizabeth. '

CYLICHNA UMBILICATA, Montaaue, Sower by, Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pi. 20, fig. 9.— Port ^Elizabeth. A well-known
British species.

TORNATINA VOLUTA, Quoy et Gaimard, Sowb. Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 121, fig. 24. T. soluta (by error J. C. vi. p. 13).
-This species is found principally in the Pacific Ocean.

VOLVULA ROSTRATA, A . Adams, Sowb. Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. p. 96, pi. 125, fig. 154.— Port Elizabeth.

LEUCOTINA ELONGATA, Sowerljy, n. sp., pi. 11, fig. 57.-
Te?ta elongata, alba ; spira turrita, levissime convexa ;
anfractus 8, convexiusculi, sulcis incisis circ. 8 regularibus,
angustiusculis, mediocriter profundis, obscure puncturatis,
spiraliter sculpti ; sutura profunda sejuncti; anfractus
ultimus oblongus ; apertura oblongo-ovata, parva, columella
recta, peristoma simplex.

Long. 13, diarn. maj. 3^; apertura longa 3|, lata 2| millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A white shell, spirally grooved, of a more elongated form
than the known species of the genus.

LEUCOTINA CASTA, A. Adams (Monoptygma), Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 172, fig. 22.— Port Elizabeth.

BULLA AMPULLA, Linn. — Natal Bay (Krauss), Port
Elizabeth (Bairstow). This is a species of very wide did-

GASTROPODA. 53

tribution and extremely common in many localities. The
South African specimens I have seen are small.

HAMINEA NATALENSIS, Krauss (Bulk), Sudafr. Moll,
p. 71, pi. 4, fig. 14. — Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

PHILINE AFERTA, Linn., Sowerby's Illust. Index, of Brit.
Shells, pi. 20, fig. 20. — A common well-known British
species.

PHILINE SCHROETERI, Philippi (Bulla), Enum. Moll.
Sicil. vol. ii. p. 94. pi. 20, fig. 2.— Table Bay (Krauss), Port
Elizabeth (Crawford).

OXYNOE PELLUCIDUS, A. Adains (Icarus), H. and A.
Adams, Gen. Kecent Mollusca, vol. ii. p. 31 (Lophocercus).
—Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

CYLINDHOBULLA FRAGILIS, Jeffreys, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
1856, vol. xviii. pi. 2, fig. 16.— Port Elizabeth (Crawford).
Very rare in the Mediterranean.

APLYSIA MACULATA, Rang, Hist. Nat. des Aplys. p. 58,
pi. 12, figs. 6-9.— Table Bay (Rang), Natal coast (Wahlberg),
Port Elizabeth (Crawford). This is the shell quoted by me
in the ' Journal of Conchology,' vol. vi. p. 13, as Aplysia
punctata.

APLYSIA. CONCAVA, Soiucrly, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Aplysia,
sp. 24. — Port Elizabeth.

APLYSIA SAVIGNYAXA, Ferussac, Hang, Hist. Nat. des
Aplys. p. 69, pi. 20. — Natal coast (Krauss).

DOLABRLLA RuMPHii, Cuvier, Ann. du Mus. vol. v. p. 437,
pi. 29, fig. 1.— Natal Bay (Krauss).

PLEUROBRANCHUS GRANULATUS, Kraiiss, Sudafr. Moll. 61.

UMBRELLA INDICA, Lamarck. — A common species of wide
distribution, but rarely found on the South African coast.

SIPHONARIA ASPKRA. Krauts, Sudafr. Moll. p. 60, pi. 4,
fig. 5. — Natal, Cape, and Port Elizabeth (abundant).

SIPHONARIA CAPENSIS, Quoy et Gai.m., Voy. de 1'Astrol.
vol. ii. p. 331. pi. 25. figs. 28, 29.— Port Elizabeth. &c.

54 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

(common). Var. lineolata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 58,
pi. 4, fig. 2. — Table Bay (Krauss). = S. venosa, Reeve.

SIPHONARIA OCULUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 58, pi. 4,
fig. 3.— Table Bay (Krauss).

SIPHONARIA VARIABILIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 59,
pi. 4, fig. 4a. Var. £. concinna, Sowb. Genera of Shell-,
fig. 2. Var. albofasciata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 60, pi. 4,
fig. 4b.

SIPHONARIA NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 61,
pi. 4, fig. 6. — Port Elizabeth, Table Bay, Simon's Bay, &c.

PELECYPODA.

PHOLAS DACTYLUS, Linn. — A somewhat stout form of
this well-known British species found at Port Elizabeth.

MARTESIA FALCATA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Pholas),
sp. 51. — Port Elizabeth.

TEREDO (HYPEROTUS) GREGATA, Lamarck (Fistulana)
= nucivora (Spengler), Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. v. pi. 469,
fig. 16. — Ceylon, &c., as well as South Africa. -

SILIQUA JAPONICA, Dunker, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cultellus,
sp. 1 5. — Port Elizabeth. This species, known as Japanese,
has also been found by Dr. Jousseaume at Aden.

SOLEN MARGINATUS, Pulteney, Sowb. Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pi. 2, fig. 14. — This common British species, also
quoted by Krauss as South African, has been found at
Port Elizabeth. This is possibly the Solen vagina (Linn.).

SOLEN EEGULARIS, Dunker, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Solen,
sp. 30. — Port Elizabeth.

SOLEN GOULDI, Conrad. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1862,
vol. viii. p. 26. — Port Elizabeth.

CULTELLUS PELLUCIDUS, Pennant (Solen), Sowb. Illust.
Index Brit. Shells, pi. 2, fig. 12. — Several perfect specimens
of this well-known European species have been taken at
Port Elizabeth.

PELECYPODA. 55

CERATISOLEN LEGUMEN, Linn. (Solen), Sowb. Illust.
Index Brit. Shells, pi. 2, fig. 11. — Another common British
species, of which several specimens have been found at Port
Elizabeth.

SAXICAVA ARCTICA, Linn., Sowb. Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pi. 1, fig. 16. — A specimen with serrated angle, exactly
like the typical British form, found by Mr. Crawford at Port
Elizabeth.

SAXICAVA AUSTRALIS, Lamarck. — The specimens shown
me from South Africa look very much like the British
S. rugosa.

CORBULA TTNICATA, Hinds, Zoo. Voy. Sulphur, Moll.
p. 68, pi. 10, figs. 4, 5.— Agulhas Bank. Common in the
China Sea, &c.

CORBULA CUNEATA, Hinds, Zoo. Voy. Sulphur, Moll,
p. 68, pi. 10, fig. 6. — Like the last species this is not
uncommon in the China Sea. It is quoted by Hinds from
Agulhas Bank.

CUSPIDARIA CAPENSIS, Smith, Report Lamell. Challenger,
p. 45, pi. 9, figs. 5-5b.— Off Cape of Good Hope.

THRACIA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, Journ. of Conch, vol. vi.
1889, p. 156, pi. 3, fig. 4. — Port Elizabeth.

THRACIA VILLOSIUSCULA, Macgillivray, Sowerby, Illust.
Index Brit. Shells, pi. 2, fig. 9.— Port Elizabeth.

MACTRA ADANSONI, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 49.
-A variable species, including M. semistriata (Deshayes)
and probably M. decora (Deshayes). — Port Elizabeth,
Senegal, Red Sea, &c.

MACTRA POLITA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 39.—
Cape, and Natal coast (Krauss).

MACTRA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 3, fig. 68. — Testa
elliptica, subsequilateralis, compressiuscula, albida, nitida,
Isevigata, concentrice subtilissime striata ; umbones acuti-
usculi, elevati, approximati ; margo dorsaiis utrinque declivis,
posticus obscure unicarinatus, ventralis mediocriter arcuatus.

Diam. antero-post 39, umbono marg. 29 mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

Somewhat resembling a white variety of M. stultorum.

56 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

but of a more transversely oval form, and with a slight keel
at the posterior angle.

MACTRA (SCHIZODESMA) SPENGLERI, Gmelin, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Mactra). sp. 27. — Cape of Good Hope.

LUTRARIA OBLONGA, Chemnitz, Sowerby. Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pi. 4, fig. 3. See note, Journ. of Conch, vol. vi.
p. 155. — Port Elizabeth.

LUTRARIA INTERMEDIA, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 4, fig. 2, as L. elliptica var. — Port Elizabeth.

LUTRARIA CAPENSIS. Deshayes, Reeve. Conch. Icon. pi. 3.
Hg. 9. See note, Jonrn. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 156.

STANDF.LLA SOLANDRI, Gray. Reeve. Conch. Icon. (Mactra),
sp. 113. — Cape of Good Hope.

PSAMMOBIA VESPERTINA, Gmeliii. Sowei'by. Illust. Index
of Brit. Shells, pi. 3, fig. 4.— Port Elizabeth.

PSAMMOTELLINA CAPENSIS, Swverby, pi. 2, fig. 57; Journ.
of Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 13, pi. 1, fig. 19.— Port Elizabeth.

PSAMMOTELLA ROSEA, Gmelln ( = P. Ruppdliana,
Reeve), Conch. Icon. sp. 4. — Natal.

TELLINA PRISTIS, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, pi. 61,
fig. 160.— Natal coast (Wahlberg).

TELLINA FABULA, Gmelin, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 3, fig. 16. — Natal Bay (Krauss).

TELLINA TENUIS, Da Costa, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 3, figs. 12, 13.— Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA TRIANGULARIS, Chemnitz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 60, fig. 150. — Cape of Good Hope.

TELLINA CAPSOIDES, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Concn.
vol. i. pi. 62, fig. 185.- — Natal coast. A common species in
the East Indian Archipelago.

TELLINA PONSONBYI, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 58; Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 155, pi. 3, fig. 1. — Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 3. — Natal
coast (Krauss).

. 57

TELLINA UMBONELLA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 56, tig. 13. — Cape of Good Hope.

TELLINA LUDWIGI, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 3, pi. 1,
fig. 2. — Shores of Natal (Krauss).

TELLINA LITTORALIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 4, pi. 1,
fig. 3. — Natal and Cape coast (Krauss).

TELLINA ORBICULARIS, Sowerby, pi. 3, fig. 64; Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 13, pi. 1, fig. 20. — Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA ROSEA, Spengler, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pi. 61, fig. 170. — Common at Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA (MACOMA) CALCAREA, Chemnitz, Sowerbv's Illust,
Index of Brit. Shells, pi. 3, fig. 9.— Port Elizabeth/

TELLINA (MACOMA) CRAWFORDI, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 3,
fig. 71. — Testa suboblique-ovalis, aequivalvis, tennis, leviter
compressa, subkevis, pallida ; postice subtruncata, antice
leviter producta. Umbones acuti, prominentes, conjunct i.
Lunula leviter impressa. Margo dorsal is utrinque declivis ;
anticus elongatus, levissime arcuatus ; postieus brevis,
rectiuscnlus. Latus anticum rotundatuin; posticum obtuse
biangulatum. Cardo pertenuis.

Diam. antero-post 25, umbono inarg. 18 milliin.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

A species of very ordinary form and character, allied to
T, c-iMMiui,, T. lucerna, &c., but distinguished principally
by its remarkably thin hinge-line.

TELLINA (MACOMA) Rorsi, Sowerliy, n. sp., pi. 3, fig. 70.

Testa oblongo-ovalis, aequivalvis, albida, tenuiuscula, parum

in flat a, Ireviuscnla, concentrice striata ; antice rotundata,

postice leviter acuminata, umbones acutiusculi, paululum

elevati, conjuncti, fere centrali. Cardo novmalis.

Diam. antero-post 35, umbono inarg. 25 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Another species of very ordinary type, somewhat re-
sembling T. nasnta, (Conrad), but .smaller and less acuminated
posteriorly.

TELLINA (MACOMA) CIIMANA, Hanhy, Thes. Conch, vol. i,
pi. 58, fig. 73. — Port Elizabeth, Mediterranean, &c.

I

58 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

GASTRANA ABILGAARDIANA, Spennler = G. Guinaica (Chem-
nitz), Conch. Cab. vol. x. p. 170, figs. 1651-1653.— Port
Elizabeth.

DOXAX SERRA, Chemnitz, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. iii.
pi. 282, fig. 87.— Common at Port Elizabeth.

DONAX SORDIDUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Donax), pi. 5,
fig. 32. — Cape (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

DONAX ELONGATUS, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. pi. 280, fig. 12.— Port Elizabeth.

DONAX EXARATUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Mol. p. 6, pi. 1, fig. 5.
—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (rare).

DONAX SEMISULCATUS, Hanley, Conch. Icon. (Donax),
pi. 4, fig. 25. — Indian Ocean, Port Elizabeth (rare).

DONAX OWENI, Gray, Sowb., Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pi. 1,
fig. 8. — Port Elizabeth (rare).

DONAX BIPARTITUS, Soiverby, nov. sp., pi. 3, fig. 74.—
Testa subtrigono-oblonga, valde inaequilateralis, solidiuscula,
mediocriter compressa, albicla, obscure pallide violaceo
radiata, antice laevigata, nitens, postice iransversim crenato
lirata, obscurissime radiatim sulcata ; umboues acuti, pro-
minentes. Lunula leviter impressa ; margo dorsalis anticus
elongatus, leviter declivis, posticus abrupte truncatus ; area
postica dense clathrata; pagina iuterna albida, antice ob-
scure violaceo radiatim tincta, postice nigro-purpureo uni-
radiata; cardo normalis.

Diam. antero-post 20, umbono marg. 11 millim.

This species, of which Mr. Ponsonby has shown me several
specimens, may be distinguished by the intense violet ray
inside the posterior end. Eather less than half the valve is
sculptured, and the remaining portion smooth aud polished.

CYTHEREA (TIVELA) COMPRESSA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 128, figs. 33, 34. — Large, well-grown specimens
of this species from Port Elizabeth I at first thought distinct,
but upon further comparison am unable to separate them.
C. polita (Sowerby) is merely the young of this species.

CYTHEREA (TIVELA) DOLAHELLA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pi. 12V, fig. 15. — Port Elizabeth.

PELECYPODA. 59

CYTHEREA (CALLISTA) HEBR.EA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 13, figs. 143-148.— Natal.

CIRCE (CRISTA) PECTINATA, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Ci nch.
vol. ii. pi. 137, figs. 1-3= Cytherea Samgnyi (Jonas). — Ked
Sea, Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford). Also
found in various parts of the Indian Ocean.

MEROE OVALIS, Sowerby, nov. rcp., pi. 3, fig. 69. — Testa
ovalis, a?quivalvis, crassa, leviter compressa, Isevis, pallide
carnea, lineis pallidis violaceis angulatis, et concentricis
sparsim picta. Umbones obtusi, haud prominentes. Arealiga-
menti profundissima. Cardo normalis. Pagina interna carnea.

Diam. antero-post 22, umbono-marg. 15 inillim.

JHab. Port Elizabeth.

Mr. Ponsonby has shown me a single valve, much worn,
and quite colourless, of a much larger specimen, measuring
35 x 25 millim. The smaller specimen, which I have taken
for the type, has a few faint markings like those of S. scripta.
The general character of the shell is more like S. menstrualis,
or excavata, but of a more oblong-oval form.

TAPES CORRUGATUS, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pi. 150, figs. 12 1-122. — Common at Port Elizabeth.

TAPES RUGOSUS, Deshayes, is Venerupis rugosa.

TAPES TEXTRIX, Chemnitz, Conch. Icon. (Tapes), pi. 2,
fig. 3.

TAPES PAUPERCULUS, Chemnitz, is T. Kocld.

TAPES DESHAYESII, Hanley, Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 146,
figs. 35-38.— Port Elizabeth.

TAPES PULLASTRA, Montagu (Venus), Sowb., Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pi. 4, fig. 4. — This common British species is
quoted by Krauss, on the authority of Wahlberg and Zeyher,
from Natal and Algoa Bay.

TAPES DACTYLOIDES, Soiv&rby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 158, fig. 129.— Port Elizabeth (rare).

TAPES GEOGRAPHICUS, Linn., Sowerbx, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 149, fig. 90. — A well-known Mediterranean species,
quoted by Krauss fiom Natal Bay.

(10 MARINE SHELLS OF SO I/ Til AFRICA.

TAPES CUMINGII, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii. pi. 150,
fig. 128.— South Africa?

TAPES KRAUSSII, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Tapes),
pi. 9, fig. 41.— Natal.

TAPES (HEMITAPES) AFRICANUS, Muhlfeldt (Venus), Thes.
Conch, vol. ii. pi. 159, fig. 159.— Cape (Philippi).

TAPES (HEMITAPES) KOCHI, Philippi, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
(Venus), vol. ii. pi. 158, figs. 147-151.

VENUS (CHIONE) VERRUCOSA, Linn. — Natal Bay (Krauss),
Port Elizabeth. The South African variety of this common
European species, quoted by me as va,r.capensis in the Journal
of Conch, vol. vi. p. 14, may be readily distinguished.

VENUS (CHIONE) LAYARDI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Venus),
pi. 26, fig. 126.— Port Elizabeth.

VENUS (GOMPHINA) UNDULOSA, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes.
Conch, vol. ii. pi. 158, fig. 142. — Port Elizabeth (rare). A
common Australian species.

DOSLNIA LINCTA, Piilteney, Sowb. Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pi. 4, fig. 11. — Quoted by me in the 'Journal of
Conchology,' vol. vi. p. 157, as Dosinia cretacea (Reeve).
Several specimens I have seen from Port Elizabeth are un-
questionably the same as the British species. D. afncana
(Gray) is a variety of the same.

DOSINIA LAMELLATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Artemis), pi. 3,
fig. 13.— Port Elizabeth.

DOSINIA HEPATICA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. 1,
fig. 7. — A. cortsobrina (Deshayes) is a variety of this
species. — Port Elizabeth.

VENERUPIS CORDIERI, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pi. 164, fig. 2.— Port Elizabeth.

VENERUPIS BUGOSA, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 165, fig. 25.— Port Elizabeth.

P^TRICOLA TYPICA, Jonas, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 166, fig. 21.— Port Elizabeth.

PELKCYPODA. 61

PETHICOLA ROBUSTA, Sowerby, Tbes. Conch, vol. ii.
pi. 166, fig. 16. — Poit Elizabeth.

PETRICOLA CULTELLUS, Deshayea, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pi. 166, fig. 5.— Port Elizabeth, Ceylon, &c. This
species is nearly allied to the American P. pholadiformis.

PETRICOLA VENTRICOSA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 2, pi. 1,
fig. 1. — Natal coast (Krauss).

PETRICOLA PONSONBYI, Sowerby, nov. sp., pi. 3, fig. 68. —
Testa ovata, compressiuscula, solidula, albida, stilis nurne-
rosis subrugosis divergentibus radiatim sculpta; umbones
obtusi, vix prominentes ; cardo normalis ; pagina interna albida.

Diam. antero-post 20, umbono-marg. 15 mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

An oval species with divaricating sculpture.

CARDIUM NATALENSE, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 12, pi. 1,
fig. 9.— Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

CARDIUM (PAPYRIDEA) SEMISULCATUM, Gray = C. ringi-
culum, Sowerby, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Cardium), pi. 21,
f. 115; Smith, Keport of the Lamellibranchiata of the
' Challenger,' p. 162.— Simon's Bay, 15-20 fath.

CARDIUM LIMA, Gmelin = C. asiaticum (Brug.), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Cardium), pi. 18, fig. 90. — Natal (Krauss),
Port Elizabeth, Nicobar Islands, &c.

CARDIUM FASCIATUM, Montagu, Sowb. Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pi. 5, fig. 7. — Port Elizabeth (large valves).

CHAMA GKYPHOIDES, Linn. — Natal.

LUCINA COLUMBELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Lucina), pi. 6, fig. 30.— Port Elizabeth.

LUCINA (DIVARICELLA) LIRATULA, Sou'erby, pi. 2, fig. 63 ;
Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 155, pi. 3, fig. 5. — Port Elizabeth.

LORIPES LACTEUS, Linn. = Lucina lactea, Sowb. Illust.
Index of Brit. Shells, pi. 5, fig. 17. = Lucina leucoma
(Turton) = L.fragilis (Philippi). — Port Elizabeth.

LORIPES GLOBOSUS, Forskael, pi. 4, fig. 91 ; Descrip.
Anim. in Itin. Observ. p. 53. — Port Elizabeth.

62 MARINE SHELLS OK SOUTH AFRICA.

FELANIA SUBRADIATA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 3, fig. 73.-
Testa suborbicularis, tenuiuscula, complanata, fere a?qui-
lateralis, luteo-albida, epidermide tenui luteo-fusca nitida
induta, concentrice irregulariter striata. Umbones promi-
nentes, acutiusculi, approximate ; margo dorsalis utrinque
declivis. Pagina interna albida, obscure rufo-radiata.

Piam. antero-post 19, umbono-marg. 20 rnillirn.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

I have described this from a single valve, but have since
seen a perfect specimen of smaller size in which the
internal pink rays are scarcely visible.

LASEA AUSTRALIS, Souverbie, Journ. de Conch. 1863,
pi. 12, tig. 8. — Port Elizabeth.

LASEA SEMINULUM, Philippi (Bornea), Moll. Sicil. vol. i.
p. 14, pi. 1, fig. 16; Krauss, fSudafr. Moll. p. 2.

KKLLIA MACTROIDES, Hanley, pi. 4, fig. 92 ; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1856, p. 341 (as Pythina). — Port Elizabeth.

KELLIA ROTUNDA, Deshayes, pi. 4, fig. 93 ; Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1855, p. 181 (as Eryciua). — Port Elizabeth.

KELLIA SUBORBICULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pi. 6, fig. 5.— Port Elizabeth.

MONTACUTA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, pi. 2, fig. 62 ; Journ. of
Conch, vol. vi. p. 157, pi. 3, fig. 8. — Port Elizabeth.

CRASSATELLA ACUMINATA, Soiverby, pi. 2, fig. 59 ; Journ.
of Conch, vol. vi. p. 156, pi. 3, fig. 6. — Port Elizabeth.

CRASSATELLA SUBQUADRATA, Soiverby, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 249.— Agulhas Bank.

CRASSATELLA CREBRELIKATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 249.— Agulhas Bank.

CARDITA (MYTILICARDIA) VARIEGATA, Bruguiere, Eeeve,
Conch. Icon. (Cardita), pi. 1, fig. 3. — Natal (Krauss). This
species is found in many localities, from the Red Sea to
China, and from South Africa to Australia.

CARDITA (THECALIA) CONCAMERATA, Bruguiere, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Cardita), pi. 9, fig. 42. — Port Elizabeth, Natal,
Table Bay, &c.

PELECYPODA. 63

CARDITA ELATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pi. 3, fig. 67. — Testa
parva, elata, subtrigona, crassiuscula, alba, concentrice
sulcata, cost is 16—17, subangulatis, leviter crenatis. Umhones
prominentes, incurvi. Lunula parva, excavata. Margo
dorsalis posticus valde declivis. Cardo norraalis. Pagina
interna alba, margine crenato.

Diam. antero-post 4, umbono-marg. 5 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A carious little species, somewhat the form of an Isocardia.
I have at present only seen odd valves.

CARDITELLA CAPENSIS, Smith, Report Lambellib. Voy.
Challenger, p. 216, For description of the genus see Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 42. — Simon's Bay.

CARDITELLA RUGOSA, Soiverby, n. sp., pi. 3, fig. 65.-
Testa parva, trapeziformis, albida, fusco sparsim maculata,
radiatim costata, costis circ. 16, rugosis, interstitiis profundis.
Urabont-s vix elevati, obtusi, approxirnati. Lunula elongata,
impressa. Pagina interna fusca, margine fimbriato.

Diam. antero-post 6, umbono-marg. 4^ millim.

A little, roughly ribbed, trapeziforin species.

NKOCARDIA, Sowerby, gen. nov. — Testa seq nival vis, valde
inaequilateralis, extus cancellata, cardine angusto, obsolete
bidentato, dente laterali postico elongate duplicate, margine
antico edentulo.

NEOCARDIA ANGULATA, Sowerby, n. sp , pi. 3, fig. 66.—
Testa parva, sub-mytiliformis, postice angulata, antice rotun-
data, albida, fusco-tincta, concentrice dense regulariter et
profunde sulcata, radiatim costata, costis circ. 12 angustis,
parum elevatis, leviter nodulosis. Umbones prominentes,
acuti. Pagina interna obscure radiatim sulcata, plus minusve
fusco-tincta.

Diam. antero-post 4^-, umbono-marg. 4 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A remarkable little shell of distinct form and peculiarly
cancellated sculpture. The cardinal teeth are scarcely
visible, and there is only one elongated lateral tooth, which
is on the posterior side of the hinge, the anterior being plain.

MYTILUS CRENATUS, Lamarck, Encyclo. Method, pi. 217,
fig. 3 ; Sowerby's Genera of Shells, fig. 5. = M. capenns
(Dunker). — Port Elizabeth.

64 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

MYTILUS FERXA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Mytilus),
pi. G, tig. 23.— Port Elizabeth, &c.

MYTILUS EDULIS, Linn., var. M. meridionalis* Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll, p. 21, pi. 11. fig. 7.— Port Elizabeth, &c.

MYTILUS AFER, Gmelin, Eeeve, Conch. Icon. (Mytilus),
pi. 2, fig. 3. — Characterised by more or less pronounced brown
zigzag markings ; it is, however, extremely doubtful whether
this is rightly considered a species distinct from M. perna.

MYTILUS VARIABILIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 25, pi. 2,
fig. 3. — Table Bay, Natal and Port Elizabeth.

MYTILUS MAGELLAXICUS, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 22. — A young specimen of this spe-cies found on the
shore at Natal.

MODIOLA CAPENSIS. Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 20, pi. 2,
fig. 3. — Knysna River (Krauss).

MODIOLA AURICULATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll, pi. 2. fig. 4.
—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), I. Anjouan
(Philippi), Red Sea (Riippell).

MODIOLA CYLINDRICA, Krauss, Sudafr'. Moll. p. 21, pi. 2,
fig. 2. — Natal (Krauss).

MODIOLA MUCRONATA, Philippi, Abbild. und Beschr.
neuer Conchyl., vol. ii. p. 150, pi. 1, fig. 8. — Natal coast
(Krauss).

MODIOLA LIGXEA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Modiola), pi. 10,
fig. 58. — Port Elizabeth. An Australian species.

MODIOLA ELEGANS, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 19.
-Port Elizabeth. Much larger than the typical Indo-
Pacific form.

MODIOLA PETAGN^, Scacchi, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Modiola). pi. 8. fig. 46. — Port Elizabeth. A Mediterranean
species.

MODIOLARIA CUNEATA, Gould, is M. marmorata.

MODIOLARIA DISCORS, Linn., Sowb., 111. Index of British
Shells, pi. 7, fig. 13.— Port Elizabeth. A common British
and European species.

I'ELECYrODA. 65

MODIOLARIA MARMOKATA, Forbes, Sowb. Illust. Index of
British Shells, pi. 8, fig. 14. — Specimens from Port Elizabeth,
hardly distinguishable from the European. This is no doubt
the M. cuneata of Gould, said to be South African. Vide
Smith in P. Z. S. 1891, p. 393.

AVICULA (MELEAGRINA) CAPENSIS, Sowerby, pi. 3, fig. 75 ;
Journal of Conchology, 1889, vol. vi. p. 158, pi. 3, fig. 10.-
Port Elizabeth.

PERNA DENTIFERA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 28, pi. 11,
fig. 9.— Natal (Krauss).

PERNA VULSELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Perna),
pi. 5, fig. 21. — Natal (Krauss).

PINNA PERNULA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 22.
= P. squamifera (Sowerby). - - Mouth of river Knysna
(Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

ARCA ACUMINATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 14, pi. 1,
fig. 11. — Natal (Krauss).

ARCA (BARBATIA) LACTEA, Linn., Sowb. Illust. Index of
Erit. Shells, pi. 8, fig. 8.— Port Elizabeth. A well-known
British and European species.

ARCA IMBRICATA, Brug. = A. Kraussi (Philippi), Sudfr.
Moll. p. 14, pi. 1, fig. 13. = A. cunealis (Reeve) = A.
mutabilis (Sowb.). — Natal.

ARCA (BARBATIA) SQUAMOSA, Lamarck, Hist. Anirn. s.
vert. ed. 2, vol. vi. p. 474. — Natal (Krauss), West Indies,
Red Sea, &c.

ARCA (BARBATIA) NIVEA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 96. — Natal (Krauss). Common in the Red Sea, &c.

ARCA (BARBATIA) OBLIQUATA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 80. — Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

ARCA (SCAPHARCA) NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll,
p. 17, pi. 1, fig. 12.— Natal (Krauss).

ARCA (BARBATIA) SCABRA, Poll., Test. Utr. Sicil. vol. ii.
pi. 25, fig. 22. — Port Elizabeth, Mediterranean, &c.

K

60 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

ARCA (SCAPHARCA) SCAPHA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 25. — Port Elizabeth.

PECTUNCULUS AHABICUS, H. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 792; Savigny's Descrip. Egypte, pi. x. fig. 4.

PECTUNCULUS IN^QUALIS, Sowerby, Reeve, Conch. Icon,
sp. 16. — Table Bay (Krauss), Panama.

LIMOPSIS F.ELCHERI, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samarang,
Moll. p. 76, pi. 22, fig. 5.— Cape, 120 fath.

NUCULINA OVAIJS, Searles Wood, Smith, Report Lamell.
Challenger, p. 230.— Simon's Bay, 15-20 fath.

NUCULA RADTATA, Forbes et Hanley, Sowb. Illust. Index
of British Shells, pi. 8, fig. 3.— Port Elizabeth.

NUCULA NUCLEUS, Linn., Sowb. Illust. Index of British
Shells, pi. 8, fig. 1.— Port Elizabeth.

NUCULA PULCHRA, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll,
p. 62, pi. 1 8, fig. 3.— Agulhas Bank.

NUCULA BELCHERI, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll,
p. 63, pi. 18, fig. 11. — Agulhas Bank (very rare).

PECTEN LIMATULA, Reeve, var., Smith, Report Lamellib.
Challenger, p. 297.— South Africa.

PECTEN PUSIO, Linn. Several varieties. — Port Elizabeth,
Natal (Krauss).

PECTEN (VOLA) CAPENSIS, Gray. — Port Elizabeth.

LIMA ROTUNDATA, Soiverby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 21,
fig. 19.— Port Elizabeth.

LIMA MULTICOSTATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pi. 22,
fig. 38. — A specimen in the Bairstow collection.

PLICATULA AUSTRALIS, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch,
vol. i. pi. 91, fig. 21.— Natal (Krauss).

OSTREA PRISMATICA, Gray, Conch. Icon. pi. 1, fig. 1.-
= iridescens, Gray. — Port Elizabeth.

OSTREA ALGOENSIS, Sowerby, Conch. Icon. (Ostrea),
pi. 26, fig. 65.— Port Elizabeth.

TELECYrODA. 67

OSTREA RUFA, Lamarck = 0. australis (Lamk.) = titber-
ciduta (Lamk.), Conch. Icon. (Ostrea), sp. 25. — Algoa Bay,
and Natal coast (Krauss).

OSTREA CUCULLATA, Born, Conch. Icon. pi. 16, fig. 34.—
Natal coast (Krauss). Found on various coasts in the Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

OSTREA ROSACEA, C/temnitz, Conch. Icon. sp. 46. — Natal
coast (Krauss).

BEACHIOPODA.

TERERRATULINA RADIATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Terebra-
tula) sp. 7 ?=abys8icola (Ad. & Eve.). — Port Elizabeth.

KRAUSSIA RUBRA, Pallas =Terebratula capensis, Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll. p. 32, pi. 2, fig. 10.— Port Elizabeth.

KRAUSSIA COGNATA, Chemnitz (Anomia), Eeeve, Conch.
Icon. (Terebratula), sp. 38. — It is doubtful whether this is
distinct from K. rubra. I have not met with it among
South African shells.

KRAUSSIA NATALENSIS, Krauss (Terebratula), Sudafr.
Moll. p. 33, pi. 2, fig. 11.— Natal.

KRAUSSIA HSUM, Valenciennes (Terebratula), Eeeve,
Conch. Icon. (Terebratula), sp. 36. — Port Elizabeth and
Natal.

KRAUSSIA DESIIAYESII, Davidson, Eeeve, Conch. Icon.
(Terebratula), pi. 9, fig. 35.

ADDENDUM.

G-IBBULA BiPORCATA, Sowerby (A. Adams, MSS. p. 44).
Testa orbiculata, subcompressa, solidiuscula, perforata,
carneo-albida, roseo strigata vel maculata; spira abbreviato-
conica, gradata ; anfractus 4, angulati, spiraliter striati ;
anfr. ultirnus valde bicarinatus ; basis planato-convexa,
spiraliter striata ; apertura lata, obliqua ; peristoma tenue,
margine columellari sursum tenuiter dilatato, perforationem
fere tegente.

Diam. 6, alt. 5 millim.

Hab. Cape Town (Cumiug).

SODIUM AFMICAW SMEIL1LS

Plate. 1.

23

G-.B.Sowerby libh

Hanharb imp.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE I.

Fig. 1. Murex Babingtoni, p. 2.

„ 2. „ Crawfordi, p. 2.

„ 3. Pleurotoma Rousi, p. 5.

„ 4. „ Wilkire, p. 4.

„ 5. Defrancia Ponsonbyi, p. 7,

„ 6. Pleurotoma Bairstowi, p. 6.

„ 7. Cominella semisulcata, p. 10.

„ 8. „ angusta, p. 10.

,, 9. ,, puncturata, p. 11.

„ 10. ,, sulcata, p. 11.

,, 11. ,, unifasciata, p. 11.

„ 12. Euthria Ponsonbyi, p. 4.

„ 13. ,, fusco-tincta, p. 4.

,, 14. Pseudoliva ancilla, p. 15.

„ 15. Ancilla pura, p. 17.

,, 16. Mitromorpha volva, p. 7.

„ 17. Mitra merula, p. 19.

„ 18. Latirus Bairstowi, p. 17.

,, 19. ,, Rousi, p. 17.

,, 20. Columbella capensis, p. 22.

„ 21. ,, algoensis, p. 22.

,, 22. Marginella electrina, p. 21.

„ 23. ,, Bairstowi, p. 19.

,, 24. ,, lineolata, p. 19.

,, 25. ,, floccata, p. 20.

., 26. Ovula aurantia, p. 34.

,, 27. Cerithium foveolatum, p. 36.

,, 28. Diala capensis, p. 27.

„ 29. „ dubia, p. 27.

,, 30. ,, infrasulcata, p. 27.

,, 31. Eulima Langleyi, p. 27.

„ 32. Cingulina acutilirata. p. 27.

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DESCRIPTION OF PLATE II.

Fig. 33. Conus Bairstowi, p. 29.

„ 34. „ fulvus, p. 29.

,, 35. Syrnola capensis, p. 23.

„ 36. Turbonilla Isevicostata, p. 25.

,, 37. „ argentea, p. 25.

„ 38. „ tegulata, p. 25.

,, 39. Auriculina lucida, p. 37.

„ 40. Rissoa argentea, p. 38.

„ 41. ,, capensis, p. 38.

„ 42. Calliostoma Farquhari, p. 43.

„ 43. „ Fultoni, p. 43.

„ 44. Clanculus Laceyi, p. 45.

,, 45. „ Waltonge, p. 45.

„ 46. Solariella fusco-maculata, p. 44.

„ 47. Cyclostrema rotundata, p. 45.

48. „ inflata, p. 45.

^ 49. „ planulata, p. 46.

,, 50, 51. Fissurella robusta, p. 48.

,, 52, 5?. „ parviforata, p. 48.

„ 54. Turbo minutus, p. 42.

,, 55. Miralda crispa, p. 37.

„ 56. Aclis tenuistriata, p. 28

,, 57. Leucotina elongata, p, 52.

„ 58. Tellina Ponsonbyi, p. 56.

„ 59. Crassatellfc acuminata, p. 62.

„ 60. Thracia capensis, p. 55.

„ 61. Psammotellina capensis, p. 56.

,, 62. Montacuta capensis, p. 62.

,, 63. Lucina liratula, p. 61.

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DESCRIPTION OF PLATE III.

Fig. 64. Tellina orbicularis, p. 57.

,, 65. Carditella rugosa, p. 63.

66. Neocardia angulata, p. 63.

67. Cardita elata, p. 63.

68. Petricola Ponsonbyi, p. 61.
„ 69. Sunetta ovalis, p. 59.

„ 70. Tellina Rousi, p. 57.
,,71. ,, Crawfordi, p. 57.

„ 72. Mactra capensis, p. 55.

„ 73. Felania subradiata, p. 62.

„ 74. Donax bipartitus, p. 58.

„ 75. Avicula capensis, p. 65.

§(OUTIH1 AFBICAW

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DESCRIPTION OF PLATE IV.

Fig. 76. Pleurotoma subventricosa, p. 6.

„ 77. „ Borni, p. 6.

,, 78. ,, Kraussi, p. 6.

,, 79. ,, diversa, p. 6.

,, 80. ,, eaffra, p. 6.

,,81. ,, hottentota, p. 5.

,, 82. „ platystoma, p. 5.

,, 83. ,, tripartita, p. 6.

,, 84. Defrancia capensis, p. 6.

,, 85. Torbinella truncata, p. 17.

,, 86. Nassa Crawford! , p. 13.

„ 87. Triton Kleiuei, p. 8.

„ 88. Terebra capensis, p. 24.

„ 89. „ Grayi, p. 24.

,, 90. Solariella dilecta, p. 44.

„ 91. Loripes globosus Q diain.), p. 61

„ 92. Kellia mactroides, p. 62.

„ 93. „ rotunda, p. 62.

INDEX

Aclis tenuistriata,, 28
Actteon albus, 51
solidulus, 52
suturalis, 52
Alcira elegans, 23
Alvania, 37, 38
Ancilla australis, 16
cinnamomea, 16
dimidiata, 17
fascia ta, 16
marmorata, 16
obesa, 16
obtusa, 16
pura (jig. 15), 17
Ancillaiia, 16, 17
Aplysia concava, 53
maculata, 53
punctata, 53
Savignyana, 53
Area acaminata, 65
c unealiy, 65
imbricata, 65
Krausxi, 65
lactea, 65
mutalfilis, 65
natalensis, 65
nivea, 65
obliquata, 65
scabra, 65
scapha, 66
sqnamosa, 65
Argonauta argo, 1

Bofctgeri, 1
Artemis, 60
Anriculiua lucida, 37
Avicula capensis, 65

Barbaiia, 65

Borneo,, 62

Brachiopoda, 67

Buccinum, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12,

13, 14

Bulla ampulla, 52
Bulla, 52, 53
Bullia achatina,, 11

annulata, 11

callosa, 11

digitalis, 11

diluta, 12

lasvigata, 11

natalensis, 12

pura, 12

rhodostoma, 11

semiflammea, 11

semi-usta, 11

sulcata, 11

tennis, 11
Bullina ziczac, 52

lauta, 52

lineata, 52'
Barsa, y

Caacum glabrum, 38

CnUipara, 18

Calliostouia bicintjniatum, 42
euglyptus, 42
Farquhari ( fig. 42), 43
Fnltoni (fig. 43), 43
ornatum, 42

Callista, 59

Cancellaria foveolata, 34
lamellosa, 35
semidisjuncta, 35

80

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Cardita concamerata, 62

elata (fig. 67), 63

variegata, 62
Carditella capensis, 63

rugosa (fig. 65), 63
Cardium asiativum, 61

fasciatura, 61

lima, 61

natalense, 61

ringiculum, 61

semisulcatam, 61
Cassis acliatina, 23

testiculus, 23

zeylanica, 23
Ceratisolen legumen, 55
Cerithidea decollata, 36
Cerithiopsis pu-purea, 27

tubercnlaris, 27
Cerithiam columua, 35

contractnm, 35

ecbinatum, 35

foveolatnm (fig. 27), 36

Kochii, 35

mediterranean), 35

monilifeinim, 35

obeliscus, 35

pingne, 35

tasniatum, 35

tuberculatnm, 35

vulgatum, 35
Chaiija gryphoides, 61
Chemnitzia, 26
Chiton capensis, 51

carmichaelis, 51

castaneus, 51

cyaneopunctatus, .r>l

Garnoti, 51

gigas, 50

indicus, 51

Macgillivrayi, 51

marginatus, 50

nigroviroseens, 51

oniscus, 51

pertnsus, 51

poHicuria, 51

pruinosns, 5 I

pustulatus, -"I

Chiton solea, 51

textilis, 51

tigrinus, 51,

tulipa, 50

Wahlbergi, 51

Watsoni, 51
Cinrjula, s. g., 38
Cingulina circinata, 27

acatilirata (fig. 32),

27

Circe pectinata, 59
Clanculus carinatus, 45

Laceyi (fig. 44), 45

puniceus, 45

Walton® (fig. 45), 45
Clavatula, s. g , 5
Cluvus, s. g., 5
Clionella, s. g., 5, 6
Collon/a, s. g., 42
Columbella albuginosa, 21

algoensis (fig- 21), 22

biilammata, 22

capensis (fig. 20), 22

cerealis, 21

flava, 22

floccata, 22

Kraussi, 21

lac tea, 22

mendicat-ia, 22

pulchella, 22

sagena, 21

turturina, 22

undatu, 22

varians, 22
Cominella anglicana, 9

augusta (fig. 8), 10

capensis, 9

Delalandii, 10

Donkeri, 10

elongata, 11

glandiformis, 10

vritincta, 10

In gen aria, 10

I / 1/< i hi, 10

liinbosa, 10

]ia])yriicea, 10

porcata, 10

INDEX.

81

Cominclla puncturata ( fig.

9J.11

semisulcata (fig. 7), 10

sulcata (Jig. 10), 11

tigrina, 11

unifasciata (fig. 11), 11

violacea, 10
Conus algnensis, 29

altispiratus, 30

aurora, 28

Bairstowi (fig. 33), 29

betulinns, 30

caffer, 29

conspersus, 30

Crotchii, 29

elongatus, 29

fulvus (fig. 34), 29

gilvus, 29

gradatulus, 30

bebraeus, 29

infrenatus, 29

jaspideus, 29

Jautus, 29

lividus, 30

Loveni, 29

minimus, 30

mozambicus, 29

natalensis, 29

natal is, 29

nemocanns, 30

pictus, 29

rosaceus, 29

succinct us, 29

tessellatus, 30

textile, 30

tinianus, 28

turritus, 30

Verreauxi, 30
CoralUophila, 4
Corbnla cuneata, 55

truncata, 55
Crassatella acuminata, G2

crebrelirata, 62

subquadrata, 62
Orassispira, s. g., 5
Crepidula aculeata, 39

aspersa, 39

Crepidula bcpatica, 39

lentiginosa, 39

rugulosa, 39
Creseis, 2
Crista, 59

Cultellas pellncidus, 54
Cuspidaria capensis, 55
Cyclostrema inflata, 45

planulata, 46

rotundata, 45
Cylindrobulla i'ragilis, 53
Cj;pra?a algoensis, 31

ampbithalea, 31

annulus, 32

arabica, 32

capensis, 31

caput-serpentis, 31

carneola, 32

caurica, 32

citrina, 32

costata, 34

crnenta, 31

edentula, 31

erosa, 32

felina, 32

fimbriata, 31

formosa, 34

fuscodentata, 31

belvola, 32

Isabella, 33

Lamarckii, 32

Listeri, 33

lynx, 33

mauritiana, 32

nioneta, 33

nebulosa, 33

neglecta, 32

ocellata, 33

oniscus, 34

ovula, 34

pellucidula, 34

si mills . 31

staphyleea, 33

tabescens, 33

uhdata, 33

vesicularis, 34

vitellus, 33

M

82

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Cyprsea ziczac, 33
Cytherea compressa, 53

dolabella, 58

hebraaa, 59

Defrancia amplexa, 6
capensis, 6
Ponsonbyi, 7
Dentalium Lessoni, 48
Demoulia abbreviata, 13
pyramidalis, 13
retusa, 13
Diala oapensis, 27
dubia, 27
infrasulcata, 27
DivariceUa, 61
Dolabella Rumphii, 53
Dolium luteostoma, 23
Donax bipartitus, 58
elongatus, 58
exaratus, 58
Oweni, 58
semis alcatus, 58
serra, 58
sordidus, 58
Dosinia hepatica, 60
lamellata, 60
lincta, 60
Drillia, 4, 5

Eburna papillaris, lo
Epidromus, 9
Erato sulcifera, 21
Erycina, 62
Eulinm atlantica, 26

distorta, 26

Langleyi, 27

nitida, 26

solid a, 26
Euthria fusco-tincta, 4

lineolata, 4

Ponsonbyi, 4

Simoniana, 4

Fasciolaria Heynemanni, 17

lugubris, 17
Felania subradiata, 62
Fissurella aastralis, 47

Fissurella caffra, 47
conoides, 47
cruciata, 47
dubia, 48
elevata, 47
firabriata, 48
fumata, 48
incarnata, 47
mutabilis, 47
natalensis, 47
neglecta, 48
nubecula, 48
obtusa, 47
parvi-forata, 48

robust a, 48

rota, 48

sen tell a, 47

Sieboldi, 47
Fusus clausicaudatuB, 3

robustior, 3

rubro-lineatus, 3

Gadinia afra, 49

costata, 4'J
Gastrana Abilgaardiana, 58

guinaica, 58
Gibbula armillata, 43

Benzi, 44

biporcata, 44, 67

capensis, 43

cicer, 43

granulosa, 43

Ludwigi, 44

miniata, 44

multicolor, 43

mnsiva, 43

Ponsonbyi, 44

rosea, 43

Zeylieri, 43
Gontphina, s. gs., GO

Haliotis cawaliculata, 46

Midas, 46

parva, 46

san guinea, 46
Harpa crassa, 23

minor, 23

INDEX.

83

Helcion poctinatus, 49
Hemitapes, s. gs., GO
Hipponyx acutus, 40

australis, 40

granulatus, 40

pilosus, 40
Hyaltea globulosa, 2

limbata, 2

tridentata, 2

trnncata, 2
Hydatina physis, 52
Hyperotus, 54

lanthina exigna, 28

fragilis, 28

globosa, 28
Imbricaria, s. gs., 19

Kellia mactroides, 62

rotunda, 62

suborbicularis, 62
Kraussia capensis, 67

cognata, 67

Deshayesii, 67

natalensis. 67

pisum, 67

rubra, 67

Lamellaria perspicua, 23
Lasea australis, 62

semiuulum, 62
Latiaxis nodosns, 16
Latirus Bairstowi, 17

incarnatus, 17

leucothea, 17

nassatulus, 17

Eousi, 17
Leucotina casta, 52

elongata, 52
Lima multicostata, 66

rotondata, 66
Limopsis Belcheri, 66
Liotia pulcherrima, 46
Littorina ahenea, 36

aspera, 36

decollata, 36

glabrata, 37

Littorina intermedia, 37

knysnaensis, 36

natalensis, 36

Newcombi, 37

punctata, 37

ziczac, 36
Lophocerciis, 53
Loripes globosus, 61

lacteus, 61

leucoma, 61
Lucina columbella, 61

liratula, 61
Lntraria capensis, 56

elliptica, 56

intermedia, 56

oblonga, 56

Maconia, s. gs., 57
Macrochisma producta, 48
Mactra Adansoui, 55

capensis, 55

decora, 55

semistriata, 55

Spenglei'i, 56
Mangilia clathrata, 7

costata, 7

costulata, 7

septangularis, 7

striolata, 7
Marginella albocincta, 19

Bairstowi, 19

biplicata, 21

bulbosa, 20

capensis, 20

chrysea, 20

crassilabrum, 21

cylindrica, 20

Dunkeri, 19

electrina, 21

epigrus, 20

floccata, 20

inconspicua, 20

Keeni, 20

Lang lei, 19

lineata, 19

lineolata, 19

lutea, 19

84

MAltlNE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Marginella Metcalfei, 20
mosaica, 19
multizona, 21
neglecta, 20
nubecula, 20
ornata, 19
paxillas, '20
pellicula, 20
piperata, 19
Poucheti, 19
pyrum, 20
Reevei, 21
rosea, 21
Savignyi, 20
serpentina, 19
strigata, 19
villata, 19
Zeyheri, 21
zonata, 20
Martesia falcata, 54
Melapium lineatuin, 16

lulbus, 16

Meleagrina, s. gs., 65
Meroe ovalis, 59
Metula marmorata, 4
Miralda crispa, 37
Mitra asrumnosa, 19
capensis, 19
carbonacea, 19
cratitia, 18
Kmbifera, 19
lati'uncnlaria, 18
merula, 19
picta, 18
Scliroeteri, 19
simplex, 18
Mitromorpha volva, 7
Modiola anriculata, 64
capensis, 64
cylindrica, 64
elegans, 64
lignea, 64
rnnci'onata, 64
petagnae, 64
Modiolaria cuneata, 64
discors, 64
marmorata, 65

Monodonta australis, 44

obscura, 45

Montacuta capensis, 62
Mouretia, 49
Murex Babingtoni, 2

brevispina, 2

cnpensis, 3

Crawfordi, 2

V tinker i, 2

Kieneri, 2

mitraDformis, 3

purpuroides, 2

scrobiculatus, 2

uncinarius, 3

Wahlbergi, 3
Mytilicardia, 82
Mytilus afer, 64

capensis, 63

crenatns, 63

edulis, 64

magellanicas, 64

inertdionalis, 64

perna, 64

variabilis, 64

Nassa arctilaria, 12
bicallosa, 12
capensis, 12
coccinea, 12
coronata, 12
Crawfordi, 13
Kraussiana, 12
labiosct, 13
naarginulata, 12
myristica, 12
plicatella, 12
plicosa. 12
pulchella, 12
serotina, 12
speciosa, 12
sulcifera, 13
trifasciata, 13
vincta, 13

Natica didyma, 23
forata, 23
genuana, 23
iniperforata, 23

INDEX.

85

Natica LamarcMana, 23

marnilla, 23

rnarocliiensis, 24

maroccana, 24

pygrna3a, 24

Sirnias, 23
Necera, 55
Neocardia gs., 63

angulata, 63
Nerita albicilla, 40

comma-notata, 40

exuvia, 40

Listen', 40

plexa, 40

plicata, 40

polita, 40

quadricolor, 40

sanguinolenta, 40

umlassiana, 40
Nucula Belcheri, 66

nucleus, 66

pulclira, 66

radiata, 66
Nuculina ovalis, 66

Obeliscus sulcatus, 25
Ocinebra, 2
Odostomia lactea, 26

Angasi, 26
Oliva bulbosa, 16

capensis, 16

cserulea, 16

episcopalis, 16

inflata, 16
Ostrea algoensis, 66

australis, 67

cucullata, 67

iridescens, 66

prismatica, 66

rosacea, 67

rufa, 67

t^lberculata, 67
Ovula aurantia, 34

birostris, 34

carnea, 34

spelta, 34
Oxynoe pellucidus, 53

Oxystele impervius, 42
indecorus, 42
merula, 42
niger, 42
sagittiferus, 42
tabularis, 42
Tamsi, 42
tigrinus, 42
variegatus, 42
zonatus, 42

Papyridea, 61

Farm op horns, 49

Patella afra, 49

Argenvillei, 49
badia, 50
barbara, 50
capensis, 50
cochlear, 49
compressa, 49
conspicua, 50
Dunkeri, 50
echinulata, 49
exarata, 50
fusceseens, 50
granatina, 49
granularis, 49
longicosta, 50
macnlata, 50
miniata, 49
nigro-alba, 50
obtecta, 49
oculus, 50
pectinata, 49
plicata, 49
pruinosa, 50
rustica, 49
Schrceteri, 50
Safiana, 50
tabularis, 49
umbella, 49
vai'iabilis, 49

Pecten capensis, 66, 89
limatula, 66
pusio, 66
sulcicostatus, 89

i8, 66

86

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Pectunculus arabicus, 66

,, inasqualis, 66

Perna dentifera, 65

vulsella, 65
Perisfernia, 17
Petricola cultellus, 61

Ponsonbyi, 61

robasta, 61

typica, 60

ventricosa, 61
Phasianella bicarinata, 41

capensis, 41

elongata, 41

Kocbii, 41

neritina, 41

pullus, 41

tenuis, 41
Phi line aperta, 53

Scbrceteri, 53
Pbolas dactylus, 54

falcatus, 54
Photinula, 42
Planaxis acutus, 37

sulcatus, 37

Pleurobranchusgranulatus,53
Plenrotoma Bairstowi, 6

Borni, 6

buccinoides, 5

caffra, 6

castanea, 5

diversa, 6

fucata, 5

fulgurans, 4

Fulton i, 5

gravis, 5

Grayi, 4

bottentota, 5
Plenrotoma Kraussii, 6

nux, 5

platystoma, 5

rosaria, 6

Rousi, 5

rubinicolor, 5

semicostata, 6

sinnata, 5

sigillata, 6

stolida, 5

Pleurotoma subventricosa, 6

taxus, 5

tripartita, 6

tumida, 5

Wilkiee, 4

Plicatula australis, 66
Polydonta, 44
Poropteron, 3

Psammobia vespertina, 56
Psammotella rosea, 56
Psammotellina capensis, 56
Pseudoliva ancilla, 1 5
Psendomurex MeyendorfE, 16
Pupillia aperta, 48
Purpnra bufo, 14

capensis, 14

cataracta, 14

cingulata, 14

dubia, 10

lapillus, 14

luteostoma, 14

mancinella, 14

persica, 14
Purpura Rudolphi, 14

scobina, 14

sqaamosa, 13

succincta, 13

trigona, 14

vexillum, 14

Zejheri, 14
Pyrula, 16
Pythina, 62

Ranella argus, 9

crumena, 9

granifera, 9

lamellosa, 9

leucostoma, 9

Jivida, 9

pnsilla, 9

semigranosa, 9

siphonata, 9
Rapana, 16

Recluzia Montronzieri, 28
Ricinula, 15
Ringicula australis, 25
Rissoa argentea, 38

INDEX.

87

Rissoa capensis, 38

fenestrata, 37

nigra, 38

pinna?, 37
Rissoina elegantula, 37

Saxicava arctica, 55

australis, 55

rugosa, 55
Scalaria clathratula, 24

clathrus, 24

coronata, 24

fragilis, 24

fucata, 24

lactea, 24

psendoscalaris, 24

replicata, 24
Scapharca, 65, 66
Schizodesma, 56
Scntum imbricatum, 49
Separatista Grrayi, 16
Siliqua, 54
Siliguaria anguina, 39

obtnsa, 39

Siphonalia. mandarina, 4
Siphonaria aspera, 53

albofasciata, 54

eapensis, 53

concinna, 54

lineolata, 54

natalensis, 54

oculns, 54

venosa, 54
SipJionium, 39
Sistrum anaxares, 15

arachnoides, 15

asperum, 15

elatum, 15

fiscellum, 15

granulatum, 15

heptagonale, 15

lividum, 15

morns, 15

ocl/rostoma, 15

tuterculatum, 15
Solariella dilecta, 44

fusco-maculata, 44

Solariella tmdata, 44
Solarium cingulum, 28

cancellatum, 28

perspectiviunculum, 28

variegatum, 28
Solen Gouldi, 54

marginatus, 54

regularis, 54
Solen, 54, 55
Solidula, 52
Spirula Peroni, 1
Standella Solandri, 56
Stomatella articulata, 46

cancellata, 47

sulcifera, 46

sulcifera, 47
Strephopoma, 39
Strombus cylindricus, 30

floridus, 30

gibberulus, 30

mauritianus, 30

mutabilis, 30
Styliola r'ecta, 2

aciculata, 2
Stmetta ovalis, 59
Syrnola aciculata, 25

capensis, 25

Tapes africanus, 60
corrugatus, 59
Cumingii, 60
dacfcyloides, 59
Deshayesi, 59
geographus, 59
Kochi, 60
Kraussi, 60
pauperculus, 59
pullastra, 59
rugosus, 59
textrix, 59

Teinostoma Incidum, 13
Tellina calcarea, 57
capsoides, 56
Crawfordi, 57
cumana, 57
fabula, 56

88

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Tellina littoralis, 57

Ludwigi, 57

natalensis, 56

orbicularis, 57

Ponsoubyi, 56

pristis, 56

rosea, 57

Rousi, 57

tennis, 56

triangular! s, 56

umbonella, 57
Terebra capensis, 24

cingulifera, 24

Grayi, 24

gracilis, 24

pertusa, 24

tiarella, 24
Terebratula, 67
Terebratulina abijssicola, 67

radiata, 67
Teredo gregata, 54
Thecalia, 62
Thracia capensis, 55

villosiuscula, 55
Tbylacodes, 39
Tivela, 58
TornafelJa, 51, 52
Tornatina soluta, 52

voluta, 52
Triforis carteretensis, 36

cingulatus, 36

perversus, 36
Triton africanus, 7

aquntilis, 8

australis, 8

cutaceus, 7, 8

doliarins, 8

exaratus, 8

fictilis, 8

Klenei, 8

labiosns, 8

nitidulus, 8

nodifer, 8

olearius, 8

pilearis, 8

rubecula, 8

saulice, 8

Triton succinctus, 8

vespaceus, 9
Tritonidea rnbiginosa, 4

scabricostata, 4

undosa, 4
Trivia, 34
Trocbita chinensis, 39

belicoidea, 39

Trocbus nigropunctatus, 44
Trocltus, 42-44
Tropbon Wahlbergi, 3
Tnrbiuella truncata, 17
Turbonilla argentea, 25

bifasciata, 26

Candida, 26

castanea, 26

elegantissima, 26

fusca, 26

lactea, 26

Isevicostata, 25

rufa, 26

scalaris, 26

tegulata, 25
Tnrbo armillatus, 43

cicer, 43

cidaris, 41

coronatus, 41

miniitus, 42

musivus, 43

natalensis, 41

quantilla, 42

sanguineus, 42

sarmaticus, 41
Turritella bacillum, 38

capensis, 38

carinifera, 38

excavata, 38

Knysnaensis, 38

pnnctulata, 39
Typlus arcnatus, 3

Umbrella indica, 53

Venerupis Cordieri, 60

rugosa, 60
Venus africana, 60

Koclti, 60

INDEX.

89

Venus Layardi, t>0
nndulosa, 60
verrucosa, GO

Vermetus conicus, ,'>
decussatus, 39
nebulosus, 39
tricuspis, 39

Vertagus, 35

Vexilla, 15

Vula, G6

Volufca abyssicola, 18

africana, 18

bullata, 18
Volutilithes, 18
Volvula rostrata, 52

Ziziphinus, 42

ERRATUM.

P. 66. For Pecten capensis, Gray, read PECTEN (VoLA) sri.ricosTATUS,
Sowerby, pi. 5, figs. 97, 98, Thes. Conch., vol. i. p. 7, pi. xiii. figs. 35, 36 :
Dunker, Novitates Conch., ' Meeres Conchylien,' p. 67, pi. xxiii. figs. 4-6 =
Pecten capensis, Gray (mss. in Brit. Mus.). Hab. : Natal coast (Dunker),
Cape of Good Hope (Brit. Mus ), Port Elizabeth. The shell figured plate v.
has been in the British Museum since 1837, named P. capensis, Gray, but
it does not appear that any description of it has ever been published under
that name. The specimen is very much larger than the original type, but
I have no doubt as to its identity.

I'lilXTEI) RY

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