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Division of Moliualks
Gectional Library

MARINE SHELLS

OF

SOUTH AFRICA

A CATALOGUE OF ALL THE KNOWN SPECIES
WITH

REFERENCES TO FIGURES IN VARIOUS WORKS, DESCRIPTIONS
OF NEW SPECIES, AND FIGURES OF SUCH AS ARE NEW,

LITTLE KNOWN, OR HITHERTO UNFIGURED

BY

G. B. SOWERBY, F.LS., F.Z:S.

LONDON
SOWERBY, 121 FULHAM ROAD, 5.W.
1892

PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE, AND CO. NEW-STREET SQUARE
LONDON

eo on A Can.

RECEIVING some years ago a quantity of shells from Port
Elizabeth, some of which I could not identify with any that
had been described, I,contributed a paper to the ‘ Journal of
Couchology,’ January 1886, consisting of a list of those I had
identified, and descriptions of those which appeared to be
new. This led to the publication of two subsequent papers
in the same Journal, through my communications to the
Conchological Society in 1889, considerably increasing the
list. Since then, various friends in South Africa have
discovered many additional species, some of which are well-
known inhabitants of other coasts, but not previously recorded
as South African.

The purpose of the present work is to give in a small
compass a list, as complete as possible, of aJl the known
Marine Shells of South Africa, with references to figures in
well-known works, descriptions of new species, and figures
not only of these, but of some that have been described
from time to time by other authors without figures.

The total number of species enumerated is 740. Of
these, 67 are also found in European seas, 340 are known
to inhabit other coasts, and the remaining 323 are, as far as
is known, confined to South Africa.

The labour of sorting and identifying so many species
(many of them very minute) has been considerable, and the

iv PREFACE.

completeness with which I have have been enabled to accom-
plish the task has been due to a great extent to the zeal of
John H. Ponsonby, Esq., through whom I have received a large
proportion of the material, and to the kindly and courteous
aid rendered to me by Edgar A. Smith, Esq., of the Zoological
Department, British Museum. Lastly, I have had the
advantage of thoroughly examining the collection formed at
Port Elizabeth by S. D. Bairstow, Esq., F.L.S., recently
presented by him to the Oxford University Museum, which
contains a fair proportion of my types.

The present Catalogue may be regarded as a supplement
to the excellent work of Dr. Ferdinand Krauss published in
1848.

It will be observed that some of the generic names are
not the same as those in common use, and differ from those
in the ‘Thesaurus Conchyliorum,’ ‘Conchologia Iconica,’
and other standard works. These names I am compelled to
adopt by the inexorable law of priority, but the following
list will render them intelligible :—

Actzeon, Montfort, 1810 = Tornatella (Lamk. 1812).

Ancilla, Lamarck, 1799 = Ancillaria (Lamk. 1811).

Calliostoma, Bruguitre, 1840 = Ziziphinus (Gray, 1840).

Cuspidaria, Nardo, 1840= Newra (Gray, non Rob.-Dev.).

Dosinia, Scopoli, 1777 = Artemis (Poli, 1791).

Gastrana, Schumacher, 1817 = Diodonta (Desh. 1846).

Ovula, Bruguitre, 1789 = Ovulum (Sowerby &e.).

Oxynoé, Rafinesque, 1819=Lophocercus (Krohn, 1847),

Scutum, Montfort, 1810 = Parmophorus (Bly. 1817).

Sistrum, Montfort, 1810 = Ricinula (Lamk. 1812).

Turbonilla, Leach, 1826 = Chemnitzia (D’Orb. 1829).

MARINE SHELLS

OF

SOUTH AFRICA.

CEPHALOPODA.

ARGONAUTA ARGO, Linn.—Frequently found on the
shores of South Africa; also in the Atlantic, Pacific, and
Mediterranean.

ArGoNAUTA BOrTGERI, Maltzan, Journ. de Conch. vol.
xxix. p. 163, pl. 6, fig. 7. See Journal of Conchology, vol.
_ vi. 1889.—South Africa, Mauritius, China, &e.

SprrvutA Peroni, Lamarck. Of world-wide distribution.
—Port Elizabeth (occasionally found on the beach).

PTEROPODA.

HyYAL@A TRIDENTATA, Forskael.—This well-known species,
abundant in the Atlantic and Mediterranean, is occasionally
found in South African waters.

Hyatza TRuNcATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 34, pl. 2,
fig. 12.—I am not acquainted with this shell, but have con-
siderable doubt as to its being distinct from H. tridentata.

Hyatma uimpata, D’Orbigny.—A well-known species,
abundant in the Atlantic. A few specimens have been found

at Port Elizabeth.
B

Ls)

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA,

HyaLma GLoBuLosa, Rang—Common in the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans. Occasionally found on the South
African coasts.

SryLIoLa RECTA, Leswewr = Oreseis aciculata (D’Orbigny ),
Sowb. in Conch. Icon, Pteropoda, pl. 5, fig. 29.—Port
Elizabeth, «e.

GASTROPODA.

Murex BREVISPINA, Lamarck, Conch. Icon. (Murex),
pl. 19, fig. 77, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 111.—Natal Bay.

Murex (OCINEBRA?) PURPUROIDES, Dunker, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. pl. 32, fig. 153=M. Dunkeri (Krauss), Sudafr.
Moll. p. 112, tab. vi. fig. 14.—Port Elizabeth, Cape, and
Natal coasts.

Murex (OCINEBRA?) SCROBICULATUS, Dunker (Fusus),
Philippi, Abbild. vol. ii. p. 12, pl. 3, fig. 4.—This species
being perfectly distinct from M. pwrpwroides, has been
commonly but erroneously taken for M. Dunkert (Krauss),
which is simply a synonym for M. purpwroides. — Port
Elizabeth, &e.

Murex (OctNepra ?) KieENERI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 172.
-~Algoa Bay and Natal coast.

Murex (OcINEBRA?) CRAWFORDI, Sowerby, nov. sp.
(plate 1, fig. 2).—Testa subventricosa, solidiuscula, strami-
nea; spira acuminata, sutura canaliculata; anfractus 54,
convexi, rotundati, liris numerosis elevatis subnodulosis
spiraliter cingulati ; anfractus ultimus inflatus, rotundatus,
inferne hand productus ; apertura ovata, columella levissime
arcuata, glabra, truncata, canali brevissimo; labrum crenu-
latum.

Long. 12, lat. maj. 7 millim.

This species is closely allied to M. serobiculatus, but
differs constantly in its shorter form, and the absence of a
rostrum, the base of the columella being abruptly truncated.
It may also be distinguished by the presence of an additional
rib on the penultimate whorl.

Murex (OctINEBRA?) Basinetont, Sowerby, nov. sp.
pl. 1, fig. 1.—Testa fusiformis, luteo-fusea ; spira elongata,

GASTROPODA. 3

turrita; sutura canaliculata ; anfractus 64, convexi, rotundati
aut angulati; liris numerosis elevatis subnodulosis spiraliter
cingulati, longitudinaliter interplicati; anfr. ultimus sub-
inflatus, rotundatus, inferne rostratus; rostrum subelongatum,
leviter recurvum ; apertura ovata; peristoma simplex; colu-
mella levissime arcuata, glabra ; canalis longiusculus.

Long. 15, diam. maj. 8; apert. longa 5, lata 3 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species is similar in sculpture to M. scrobiculatus,
from which it differs considerably in form, the spire being
long and turreted, and the rostrum elongated and slightly
recurved. In form the shell is somewhat similar to the
British Trophon mwricatus, and would have appeared to
belong rather to the genus Zrophon than to Murex, but
that it has evident affinity with the four last-named species,
which appear to belong to the genus or sub-genus Ocinebra,
or perhaps it may be found, when the animals are known,
that these five species form a separate group.

Murex (Poropreron) MITREFORMIS, Sowerby, Conch.
Tlust. fig. 75.—Cape, and Natal coast. Rare.

Murex (Poropreron) uncinarius, Lamarch=M. eap-
ensis (Sowerby), Conch. Illust. fig. 76.—Rather common
at Port Elizabeth.

TROPHON WAHLBERGI, Krauss (Murex), Sudafr. Moll.
p- 111, pl. 6, fig. 13.—Natal coast (Krauss).

TypuHis arcuatus, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 19;
Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p. 10, pl. 4, f. 1, 2.—Agulhas
Bank, 40-45 fath. (Hinds).

Fusus rosustior, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. p. 82,
fig. 63.—Port Elizabeth.

Fusus RUBRO-LINEATUS, Sowerby, Proce. Zool. Soe. 1870,
p- 252; Thes. Conch. vol. iv. p. 80, pl. 411, fig. 68.—Agulhas
Bank (Denicke),

Fusus ciausicaupatus, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 13, pl. 1, fig. 10, 11, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
fig. 55.—Agulhas Bank (Hinds). This remarkable shell, now
in the British Museum, is believed to be unique.

4 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

SIPHONALIA MANDARINA, Duclos (Fusus), Mag. de Zool.
1831, pl. 8; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. pl. 7, fig. 71.—Natal
coast (Krauss). This species is found on the coast of New
Zealaud. I have not met with it among South African shells.

Evuraria WAHLBERGI, Krauss (Purpura), Sudafr. Moll.
p. 118, pl. 6, fig. 15; Smith, P. Z.S., 1891, p. 435, pl. 4,
fig. 2, as Coralliophila.—Natal coast (Krauss).

EUTHRIA LINEOLATA, Dunker (Fusus), Philippi, Abbild.
110, pl. 1, fig. 10.—Port Elizabeth.

EuTHRIA FUSCO-TINCTA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 13; Journ. of
Conch, vol. v. p. 45 vol. vi. pl. 1, fig. 18.—Port Elizabeth.

Euraria Ponsonsyt, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 12; Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 149.—Port Elizabeth.

Evuturia Smonrana, Petit, Journ. de Conch. vol. iii. pl. 7,
fig. 7.Cape of Good Hope (Petit).

TRITONIDEA RUBIGINOSA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon, -
pl. 7, fig. 47, var. scabricostata; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 120.—Natal coast (Krauss).

TRITONIDEA UNDOSA, var. minor, Sowerby, Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 148.—Port Elizabeth.

PyYRULA PARADISIACA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. v. fig. 17b,
—Port Elizabeth (rare), Common in the Red Sea, &e.

METULA MARMORATA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon.
pl. 12, fig. 95.—Port Elizabeth (rare). Common on the
coast of Mauritius.

PLEUROTOMA (?) FULGURANS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p.
109, pl. 6, fig. 11.—This shell is unknown to me, but from
figure and description I have considerable doubt as’ to its
belonging to the Pleurotomide.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) WILKLE, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 4;
Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. 1889, p. 7, pl. 1, fig. 21.—Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) Gray, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845,

. 114; Conch. Icon. sp. 232; Sowerby, Journ. of Conch.
1889, vol. vi. p. 149.—I have lately received several perfect
specimens of this species. They are darker in colour than

GASTROPODA. 5

the worn shell mentioned in my paper of 1889, and have
a narrow whitish band below the middle of the body whorl.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) PLATYsToMA, Smith, plate 4, fig.
82; Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 501 —Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (DRILLIA) Fuuiton1, Sowerby, Proce. Zool.
Soc. 1888, p. 210, pl. xi. f. 17; silat of Conch. vol. vi. 1889.
—Port Elizabeth.

PievurotoMa (DRILLIA) Castanea, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 191; Sowb. Journ. of Conch. vol. v. 1886, p. 7.—Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAvus) HOTTENTOTA, Smith, pl. 4, fig. 81;
Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 2U8.—Port
Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLavuS?) NUX, Reeve, Ann. and Mag. of
Nat. Hist. 1846, p. 364; Reeve, Conch. Icon, pl. 21, fig.
185.—Cape of Good Hope (Reeve).

PLEUROTOMA (CLAvus) FucaTA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
169.—Port Elizabeth (rare),

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) GRAVIS, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soe.
1843, p. 37; Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p- 16, pl. 5, fig. 8.—
Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) RUBINICOLOR, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 184.—Cape coast.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) STOLIDA, Hinds, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 152.—Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) TAXUS, Chemnitz, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. f. 25.—This fine species is certainly South
African, but my friends have not yet been able to procure
specimens.

PLEUROTOMA (CLAVATULA) TUMIDA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1870, p. 253.—A single specimen, now in’ the British
Museum, was dredged by Captain Denicke at Agulhas Bank.

PLEUROTOMA (CRassIsPIRA) Roust, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 3;
Journ. of Conch. vol. v. Jan. 1886.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) stInuATA, Born =P. buc-
einoides, Kiener, p. 38, pl. 13, fig. 13; Reeve, Conch.

6 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Icon. fig. 68.—This species is peculiar to South Africa. It
varies very much in the prominence of the longitudinal ribs,
which in some specimens are obsolete.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SEMICOSTATA, Aiener, Icon:
Coq. Viv. p. 39, pl. 19, fig. 1—Cape coast (Krauss).

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) ROSARIA, Eeeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 314.—I doubt very much whether this can be properly
separated from the extremely variable P. sinuata.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) Batrstowl, Sowerby, pl. 1,
fig. 6; Journ. of Conch. vol. v. p. 8.—Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) Bornul, HL. A. Smith, pl. 4,
fig. 77; Ann.and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 499.—
Cape of Good Hope.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) TRIPARTITA, 7. A. Smith, pl. 4,
fig. 83; Weinkauff, Conch. Cab. ed. 2, 120, pl. 26, figs. 12
and 13.—Tyron thought this to be P. obesa (Reeve), but
it is quite unlike it, and certainly belongs to a different
section of the genus.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) SUBVENTRICOSA, EZ. A. Smith,
pl. 4, fig. 76; Ann, and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix.
p. 500.—Various South African localities.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) stGILLata, Reeve, Conch. Icor.
sp. 363.—Cape of Good Hope (Reeve).

PLeuROTOMA (CLIONELLA) DIVERSA, LE. A. Smith, pl. 4,
fig. 79; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 207.
—Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) CAFFRA, E. A. Smith, pl. 4,
fig. 80; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 209.
—Port Elizabeth.

PLEUROTOMA (CLIONELLA) Kraussu, 2. A. Smith, pl. 4,
fig. 78; Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1877, 4, vol. 19,
p- 500.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

DEFRANCIA AMPLEXA, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.
vol. vii. 338.—Simon’s Bay and Port Elizabeth.

DEFRANCIA CAPENSIS, £. A. Smith, pl. 4, fig. 84; Ann.
and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1882, vol. x. p. 296.—Port Eliza-
beth.

GASTROPODA. 7

Derrancia Ponsonpyl, Sowerby, nov. sp. pl. 1, fig. 5.
Testa breviuscula, valide clathrata, albida, spira turrita;
anfractus 6 convexi, superne angulati, costis longitudinali-
bus elevatis rotundatis (in anfr. ult. 10), liris spiralibus
angustioribus (in anfr, penult. 4) sculpti; anfractus ultimus
leviter inflatus, infra medium contractus, vix productus,
fascia fulva obscura pictus; apertura latiuscula; labrum
leviter incrassatum, superne sinu brevissimo emarginatum.

Long. 64, diam. maj. 3 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species somewhat resembles D. linearis (Mont.),
but the lattice sculpture is much coarser.

MAaNGILIaA CLATHRATA, M. de Serres, Journal de Conch.
1883, p. 327; Tryon’s Manual of Conch. vol. vi. pl. 16,
figs. 68-70.—This Mediterranean species has been found at
Port Elizabeth.

Manaiuia costata, Donovan, Sowb. Ill. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 19, figs. 20, 21.—Specimens from Algoa Bay
scarcely differ from those found on the English coasts.

MANGILIA CostuLATA, Blainville, var. striolata (Scacchi),
Tryon, Man. of Conch. vol. v. pl. 21, fig. 19.—This well-
known European shell has been found at Port Elizabeth.

MANGILIA SEPTANGULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. Ill. Index of
Brit. Shells, pl. 19, fig. 24.—Mr. Crawford has found a
specimen of this well-known British species in good condi-
tion at Port Elizabeth.

MirromorPHA VoLva, Sowerby, nov. sp. pl. 1, fig. 16.
Testa elongato-fusiformis, alba; spira elatiuscula, ad apicem
obtusa; anfractus 54, levissime convexi, spiraliter dense
lirati ; anfractus ultimus spiram paulo superans, basin versus
attenuatus ; apertura oblonga; columellavix contorta ; labrum
rectiusculum, vix sinuatum. Long. 6, diam. maj. 2+ millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Allied to the Japanese M. lirata (A. Adams), but shorter
in proportion to its width, and more fusiform.

TRITON cuTAcEUS, Linn. Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Triton),
sp. 39 —Port Elizabeth. The typical form of this common
Mediterranean species is rare on the South African coast.

TRITON CUTACEUS, var. Africona=Triton africanus (A.
Adams). See note, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 150.—Port
Elizabeth.

8 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

TriIron CuTACEUS, var. Doliarius= Triton doliarius (La-
marck), Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 56. See note, Journ, of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 150.—Port Elizabeth, &c. (common).

TRITON KLENEI, Sowerby, pl. 4, fig. 87; Journ. of Conch.
vol. vi. p. 150.—Port Elizabeth.

TRITON NODIFER,. Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 9.
Krauss (Sudafr. Mol. p. 114) quotes this shell as F. Saulie
(Reeve, sp. 17).—I have very similar specimens from Japan,
and cannot find any reliable character by which to distin-
guish them from the Mediterranean species.

Triron austTRatis (?), Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 12.—Krauss (Sudafr. Moll. p. 114) quotes this species
from the Cape, but it may be that he has mistaken a form
of T. nodifer for it.

TRITON LaBiosus, Wood, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 52.a.—
Natal. <A species of very wide distribution: Japan, Philip-
pines, Australia, Mauritius, &e.

TRITON OLEARIUS, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 32
=1'. succinctus (Lamk.).—This species is quite common on
the South African coast,and appears to be of almost world-wide
distribution. JI have had it from Japan, Australia, Red Sea,
Mediterranean, West Indies, and Brazil.

TRITON EXARATUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 50 a.—A rather
young specimen from Port Elizabeth, not so angular as the
Australian type. The shell somewhat resembles 7’. cutaceus,
but has a longer rostrum.

TRITON RUBECULA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 29a.
—Natal (Crawford), Common on the Mauritian coast.

TRITON PILEARIS, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 23.—
Natal coast (Krauss).

TRITON AQUATILIS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24. Krauss
quotes this as a variety of 7’. pilearis.

TriToN GROTUS, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843; Conch.
Icon. sp. 42.—Natal. This species is not uncommon on the
Mauritian coast. Reeve quotes ‘ China’ as the habitat.

TRITON FIeTILIS, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844; Zool. Voy.
Sulphur, Moll. p, 12, pl. 4, figs. 11, 12.—Agulhas Bank,
50 to 60 fath. (Hinds).

GASTROPODA. 9

TRITON VEsPacEUs, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 61.
—Natal coast (Krauss).

Triton (EPpmroMuUs) NitIpULUS, Sowerby, var. See
Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 7.—Port Elizabeth.

RANELLA LEUCOsToMA, Lamarck, var. See Journal of
Conch. vol. v. p. 10.—Port Elizabeth. The black markings
on the lip of the South African variety are perfectly con-
stant, and always distinguish it from the Australian form.

RaNELLA arGus, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 12.—
Port Elizabeth. R. vexillum (Sowb.) is only a variety of this
species. I have had several varieties from New Zealand, &e.

RANELLA GRANIFERA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. plac:
fig. 30. Triton graniferum (Q. et Gaim.).—Port Elizabeth
(Crawford).

RANELLA GRANIFERA, var. = LR. livida (Reeve), Conch.
Icon. fig. 28.—Natal coast (Krauss).

RANELLA SEMIGRANOSA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
fig. 25.—Port Elizabeth (a living specimen). It may be
doubted whether this is really a species distinct from R.
granifera, but it is of a narrower form, and the granules are
very small and partly obsolete. I have had it from the
West Indies.

RANELLA LAMELLOSA, Dunker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862,
p. 240 (as Bursa l.).—Port Elizabeth (a worn specimen),
Japan (Duuker).

RANELLA CRUMENA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Spoplids

—Natal. Common in the Indian Ocean. I have as yet
only seen one specimen from South Africa.

RaNELLA stPHONATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 28,—Natal
coast (Krauss).

RANELLA PUSILLA, Broderip, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 44,
fig. 44a.—Natal coast (Wahlberg).

COMINELLA ANGLICANA, Martini (Buccinum ), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 23.—Table Bay. This is not an English species.

COMINELLA CAPENSIS, Dunker, Tryon, Manual of Concho-
logy, vol. iii. pl. 73, fig. 260.—Port Elizabeth, &e.
c

10 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA,

COMINELLA (?) ANGUSTA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 8; Journ. of
Conch. vol. v. p. 6.—Port Elizabeth.

COMINELLA LIMBosA, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon.
pl. 5, fig. 35.—Natal coast (Krauss), Table Bay, &e.

COMINELLA PAPYRACEA, Bruguiere= Buccinum intinctum
(Reeve), Conch. Icon. pl. 5, fig. 32.—Cape, and Natal coast
(Krauss ).

COMINELLA VIOLACEA, Quoy et Gaim. (Buccinum), Voy.
de lV’Astrol. Moll. pl. 30, figs. 32-34; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 120.—Table Bay (Quoy and Gaimard).

CoMINELLA DELALANDI, Avener (Buccinum), Coq. Viv.
p- 15, pl. 5, fig. 14.—Cape (Kiener).

COMINELLA GLANDIFORMIS, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch.
Icon. sp. 109.—South Africa ?.

COMINELLA SEMISULCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp. pl. 1, fig. 7.—
Testa subfusiformis, antice ventricosa, postice acuminata,
fusca; spira turrita, apice acutiusculo; anfractus 7, leviter
convexi, superne canaliculati, inferne spiraliter sulcati, aliter
minute striati; sutura lira angusta marginata; anfractus
ultimus leviter inflatus, infra medium sulcis angustis cire.
10 sculptus; apertura ovata, alba, columella arcuata, alba;
peristoma simplex, vix incrassatum. Long. 50; diam. maj.
24 millim.; apertura longa 22, lata 12.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species, of which I have only seen one specimen
(collected by Mr. Crawford), differs from its congeners,
C. porcata and C. lagenaria, principally in the upper half
of the whorls being smooth, and the lower half spirally
grooved.

CoMINELLA DuNKERI, Kuster, Conch. Cab. (Buccinum),
pl. 15, figs. 9-11.

COMINELLA LAGENARTA, Deshayes (Buccinum), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Buccinum), pl. 5, figs. 33, 34.—Common at
Port Elizabeth. Var. = Purpura dubia (Krauss), Sudafr.
Moll., p. 117.—Port Elizabeth.

CoMINELLA PORCATA, Gmelin (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. pl. 4, fig. 22 = Buccinuwm ligatwm (Kiener).—Port
Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 11

CoMINELLA ELONGATA, Dunker (Buecinum), Proc. Zool.
Soc, 1856, p. 356.—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay, &c.

COMINELLA TIGRINA, AKiener (Buccinum), Coq. Viv. p. 27,
pl. 10.—Port Elizabeth, Table Bay, Simon’s Bay, &c.

CoMINELLA (?) PuNCTURATA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 9; Journ.
of Conch, vol. v. p. 4.—Port Elizabeth. I am uncertain as
to the true generic position of this species.

COMINELLA (?) UNIFASCIATA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 11;
Journ. of Conch. vol. v. p. 5.—Port Elizabeth. The generic
position of this species is doubtful.

CoMINELLA (?) suLcaTa, Sowerby, nov. sp. pl. 1, fig 10.
—Testa elongata, angusta, pallide fulva, fusco obscure
maculata; spira elongata, turrita; sutura impressa; anfrac-
tus 6, planato-convexi, ubique spiraliter profunde suleati ;
anfractus ultimus vix inflatus; apertura oblonga, par-
viuscula ; columella rectiuscula; peristoma simplex. Long.
10; diam. maj. 3 millim.; apert. long. 34, lat. 14.

Var 8. Testa minor, subpellucida, fusca.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species belongs to the same group as (. puncturata
and (. angusta, which I only place provisionally in the
genus Cominella.

BULLIA LEVIGATA, Martini (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Bullia), sp. 6.—Port Elizabeth.

BuLuia RHODOSTOMA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Bucci-
num), sp. 25.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

BuLiraA piairaLis, Meuwsch. (Buecinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Bullia) sp. 4 = Buccinwm achatinwm (Lamarck).
Varieties—B. sulcata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 14; B.
semiflammea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 17; B. semiusta,
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 22.—Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA ANNULATA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Buccinum), sp. 13.—Port Elizabeth, &e. (common).

Buta caLLosa, Wood, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24.—
Port Elizabeth, &e.

BULLIA TENUIS, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 1.—Port
Elizabeth.

12 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Buuuia puRA, Melvill, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 316.—
Port Elizabeth.

Buia pituTa, Krawss, Tryon, Man. of Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 6, figs. 96, 97.—Port Elizabeth.

BULLIA NATALENSIS, Arawss (Buecinum), Sudafr. Moll.
’ p. 121, pl. 6, fig. 16.—Natal coast (Krauss).

NASSA PULCHELLA, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1851;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 90.—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay,
and Cape coast generally.

Nassa serotTina, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p- 108; Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 107.—Simon’s Bay, Port
Elizabeth, &e,

Nassa coccinea, A. Adams, MSS. ?—Cape coast generally.

Nassa pLicosa, Dunker (Buccinum), Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 122, pl. 6, fig. 19. = Nassa speciosa (A. Adams).—
Port Elizabeth.

Nassa BicaLLosa, Smith, Journ. Linn. Soc. xii. pl. 30,
fig. 1.—Natal.

Nassa PLIcaTetLa, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p. 111; Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 56.—Natal.

Nassa Kraussiana, Dunker (Buccinum), Zeit. Mal. iii.
1846, p. 111.—Common at Port Elizabeth.

Nassa ARCULARIA, Linn.—A common well-known species,
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, seidom
found at Port Elizabeth, but, according to Krauss, very
abundant in the Bay of Natal.

Nassa_ CAPENSIS, Dunker (Buccinum), Zeitschr. fur
Malakozool. 1846, p. 110. ?= WN. pulchella.—Cape of Good
Hope (Dunker).

NAssA MARGINULATA, Lamarck (Buccinum), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. sp. 43.—Natal Bay (Krauss). Common in the
Indian Ocean.

Nassa CoroNATA, Bruguidre, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 20.
—Natal coast, rare (Krauss). Common in the Indian Ocean.

Nassa myristica, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll. p.
36, pl. 9, figs. 10, 11.—Cape (Hinds).

GASTROPODA. 13

NASSA TRIFASCIATA, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851,
p- 113. (? = N. labiosa, J. Sowerby).—Several specimens
in good condition from Port Elizabeth. The original type
came from Vigo Bay. It is doubtful whether Marrat’s J.
vincta from West Africa is really distinct.

NAssa SULCIFERA, A. Adams, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24.
—Algoa Bay (Reeve).

Nassa CRAWFORDI, Sowerby, nov. sp. pl. 4, fig. 86.—Testa
elongato-acuminata, albida, lineis transversis fuscis pulcher-
rime ornata; spira acuminata, apice acuto; anfractus 6,
convexi, sutura leviter impressa, vix crenulata sejuncti,
eximie plicati; anfractus ultimus leviter inflatus, superne
plicatus, plicis infra medium evanidis. Apertura ovata;
fauce fusco lineata; peristoma simplex; columella contorta,
duplicata. Long. 12; diam. maj. 54 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A lovely little shell, of which I have only seen a single
specimen, found by Mr. Crawford. It may well be. dis-
tinguished from its congeners by the delicate plication
of the whorls, and the exquisite arrangement of brown lines
with which it is ornamented.

DEMOULIA ABBREVIATA, Wood (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon., Nassa, sp. 194.—Port Elizabeth.

DEMOULIA RETUSA, Lamarck (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Ieon., Nassa, sp. 195.—Port Elizabeth.

DEMOULIA PYRAMIDALIS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1851; Reeve, Conch. Icon., Nassa, sp. 191.—Port Elizabeth.

EBURNA PAPILLARIS, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. Eburna,
No. 1, fig. 1; Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 215, fig. 7.—Port
Elizabeth.

TEINOSTOMA LucIDUM, A. ddams, Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. 1863, vol. xi. p. 267; Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 256,
figs. 49, 50.—Port Elizabeth.

Purpura squamosa, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl.
10, fig. 48.—Port Elizabeth and Natal coast.

Purpura succincra, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl.
5, fig. 23.—Cape (Krauss). I have not met with this

14 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

species from the Cape, but it is common in various localities,
from Madagascar eastward.

Purpura cinauLata, Linné (Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. fig. 76.—Cape, Natal coast, and Port Elizabeth. This
curious species appears to be peculiar to the South African
coast.

Purpura CaTaracta, Chemnitz(Buccinum), Reeve, Conch.
Icon., Purpura, sp. 40.—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay, &c.

PurPURA CAPENsIs, Petit, Journ. de Conch. 1852, pl. 7,
fig. 6; Kuster, Purpura, pl. 23a, fig. 6. See Journ. of
Conch. vol. v. p. 7.—Having seen an undoubted specimen of
Purpura luteostoma collected at Port Elizabeth by Mr.
Crawford, I am not sure that this is not a variety of the
same, although, taking the typical forms, the differences are
very great.

PuRPURA LUTEOSTOMA, Deshayes, Lamarck, tom. x. p. 98;
Reeye, Conch. Icon. sp. 35.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

PuRPURA SCOBINA, Quoy, Zool. Voy. Astrolabe, pl. 38,
figs. 19-21.—-Port Elizabeth. See Journ. of Conch, vol. vi.

p. 148.

Purpura TRIGONA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Purpura, sp. 53.
—Port Elizabeth.

PURPURA MANCINELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
pl. 2, fig. 7.—Natal coast (Kranss). This species, common
in the Indian Ocean and East Indian Archipelago, I have
not met with from the Cape.

Purpura BurFo, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2,
fig. 7.—Natal coast (Krauss). I bave had this common
species from China, Philippines, Travancore, and Madagascar,
but not yet from South Africa.

Purpura ZEYHERI, Krauss, Wiegmann’s Archiv fiir Natur.
1852, p. 35.—Cape Coast (Krauss). This species is unknown
to me.

Purpura persica, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2,
fig. 7.—Natal coast (Krauss).

Purpura Rupourut, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 10.
—Natal coast (Krauss).

GASTROPODA, 15

PURPURA LAPILLUS, Lamarck.—This very common Euro-
pean species is quoted by Krauss as ‘Cape,’ but I have
received no confirmation of its living there.

PurPuRA (VEXILLA) VEXILLUM, Lamarck; Buccinwm
verillum, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 79.—Natal coast (Wahl-
berg), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Not uncommon on the
Mauritian coast.

SISTRUM ARACHNOIDES, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.5.
—Natal coast (Krauss). Common in various localities, from
the Red Sea to the East Indian Archipelago and Polynesia.

SistruM Morus, Blainville, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2,
fig. 10.—Natal coast (Wahlberg). Various East Indian
localities.

SISTRUM ASPERUM, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 13.—
Natal coast (Krauss).

SISTRUM GRANULATUM, Duclos (Purpura), Ann. des Science.
Nat. tom. xxvi. pl. 2, fig. 2. Purpura tuberculata, Blain-
ville, Ann. du Mus. tom. i. p. 204, pl. 9, fig. 3. Ricinula
tuberculata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 2, fig. 11.—Natal coast,
Port Elizabeth, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean.

SISTRUM ANAXARES, Duclos (Purpura), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 61.—Natal coast (Krauss), Red Sea,
and Indian Ocean.

SISTRUM HEPTAGONALE, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Ricinula),
sp. 17.—Natal coast (Krauss). The specimen I have seen
from Natal is very pale in colour.

SISTRUM FISCELLUM, Chemnitz (Murex), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 28.—Natal coast (Krauss), Mauritius,
and various Indian localities.

SISTRUM ELATUM, Blainville (Purpura), Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Ricinula), sp. 27 = R. ochrostoma (Blainy.).—Natal
coast (Krauss).

SISTRUM LIvipuM, Reeve (Buccinum), Conch. Icon. sp. 87.
—South Africa ?. ;

PsEUDOLIVA ANCILLA, Hanley, pl. 1, fig. 18. Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1859, p. 429; Sowerby, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 149,
pl. 3, fig. 2.—Port Elizabeth.

16 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

PsEuDOMUREX MEYENDORFFI, Calcara, Cenno. Moll. Sicil.
pl. 4, fig. 22.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Madeira (Paetel
Cat.), Mediterranean.

SEPARATISTA GRAYI, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850,
p. 45.— Port Elizabeth (rare).

Latiaxis Noposus, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1853,
p. 98(as Rapana (Latiaxis)n.); Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 424, fig. 17.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Philippines
(A. Adams), Port Jackson (Angas).

MEvarPIum LiveEatuM, Lamarck (Pyrula), E. A. Smith,
Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1589, vol. iii. p. 269 = Bucecinum
bulbus (Wood).—Port Elizabeth.

OLIVA CEZRULEA, Bolten, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 331,
figs. 48-50 = O. episcopalis, Lamk.—Rare at Port Eliza-
beth, but common on various coasts of the Indian and Indo-
Pacifie Oceans.

Oxtva BULBOSA, Bolten, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 340,

fig. 189 = O. inflata (Lamarck).—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow),
Very common in many Indian and Indo-Pacific localities.

Ouiva CAPENSIS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 351,
fig. 469.—Cape of Good Hope.

ANCILLA OBTUSA, Swainson, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 211, fig. 16.—Port Elizabeth.

ANCILLA OBESA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 213,
figs. 44, 45.—Port Elizabeth, €e.

ANCILLA CINNAMOMEA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. pl. 212, figs. 33-35.— Port Elizabeth, &e.

ANCILLA AUSTRALIS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 211, figs. 1 and 2.—Port Elizabeth (dead shells). This
- species is common on the New Zealand coasts.

ANCILLA MARMORATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ancillaria,
sp. 32.—Port Elizabeth.

ANCILLA FasctaTa, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ancillaria, sp. 44.
—Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 17

ANCILLA DIMIDIATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 213, figs. 55 and 56.

ANCILLA PURA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 1, fig. 15.—Testa
anguste ovata, solidiuscula, alba; spira exserta, subacuminata,
sutura parum callosa; anfractus 4, levissime convexi; ultimus
elongatus, aliquanto inflatus, infra medium baltea callosa
latiuscula munita, supra balteam sulea partim celatam
cincta; columella abbreviata, contorta, plicata; apertura
subampla.

Long. 21, diam. maj. 9 millim.; apert. long. 14, lat. 4.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A pure white shell, of simple character, much narrower
than A. fulva and allied species.

FascioLariA HEYNEMANNI, Dunker, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. yv. pl. 425, fig. 11.= F. purpwrea (Jonas).—Port Eliza-
beth. Rarely found in good condition.

FASCIOLARIA LUGUBRIS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 2.= F,
badia, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 110, pl. 6, fig. 12,—Natal
coast (Krauss).

Latirus Barrstow1, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 18; Journal of
Conch. vol. v. p. 8.—Port Elizabeth.

Latirus Roust, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 19; Journal of Conch,
vol. v. p. 10.—Port Elizabeth.

LATIRUS (PERISTERNIA) INCARNATUS, Leeve, Conch. Icon.
Turbinella sp. 55.—Natal (Crawford ).

LaTirus (PERISYERNIA) LEUCOTHEA, Melvill, Mem. and
Proc. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soe. vol. iv. series 4, p. 35,
pl. 2, fig. 15.—Natal (Crawford).

Latirus (PERISTERNIA) NAsSATULUS, Lamarck, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Turbinella), sp. 45.—Natal coast |( Krauss).
Widely distributed in the East Indies.

TURBINELLA TRUNCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 4, fig. 85.
—Testa subeylindraceo-turbinata, solida, postice inflata,
obtuse angulata, truncata, antice leviter attenuata; alba,
epidermide scabrosa fusca induta, liris paucis irregularibus
spiraliter cincta, mediocriter umbilicata, apice obtuso,
mamillato, paulo elevato; spira fere plana; anfractus 8,
sublevigati, sutura anguste canaliculata discreti; apertura

D

18 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

elongata, angustiuscula, margine dextro paulo incrassato, hic
illic sparsim fusco maculato ; columella plicis 4, parviusculis
subeequalibus, leviter obliquis munita.

Long. 65, lat. maj. 50 millim.; apertura longa 60, in
medio fata 13.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This is quite a new form of Turbinella in which the an-
terior portion answering to the rostrum in the typical form
(T. pyrum) is quite half as broad as the widest part of the
shell, and the anterior part of the aperture is so little nar-
rower than the. posterior, that it can scarcely be called a
canal. The four small, slightly oblique plaits are situated
about (or a little below) the middle of the columella.

The type specimen, which is in very good preservation,
is in the collection recently presented to the Oxford Uni-
versity Museum by 8. D. Bairstow, Esq. I have long had a
specimen of the species, but in such bad condition that I
would not venture to describe it.

VoLuTA (CALLIPARA) BULLATA, Swainson, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 53, fig. 88.—Broken specimens not uncommon at
Port Elizabeth,

VoLuTA (VOLUTILITHES) ABYSSICOLA, Adams & Reeve,
Voy. of Samarang, Moll. p. 25, pl. 7, fig. 6.—Several full-sized
specimens of this remarkable form were taken in the voyage
of the ‘Challenger,’ which, with the young shell of the
‘Samarang,’ are all at present known.

VOLUTA AFRICANA, Reeve, P.Z.S. 1856, pl. 33, figs. 3, 4.
—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). This rare species has not yet
been found in perfect condition.

Mirra picta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. species 123.—Port
Elizabeth. Dead shells pretty common.

Mirra SIMPLEX, Dunker, Zeitschr. fiir Malak. 1846,
p- 111; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 121, tab. 6, fig.20. ? =J/.
patula, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 333.—Port Elizabeth.

Mirra cratitra, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 132 ;

Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 24, fig. 545.—Specimens in the
British Museum, said to be from South Africa.

MITRA LATRUNCULARIA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 166.—
Worn specimens not uncommon at Port Elizabeth.

, GASTROPODA. 19

Mirra carensis, Dunker, Reeve, Conch. Ieon. pl. 23,
fig. 268.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

Mirra MERULA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 17; Journal of Conch.
vol. vi. p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 11.—Port Elizabeth.

Mirra Scurarert, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iv. pl. 375, fig. 529.—S. Africa ?

Mirra #rumnosa, Melvill, Journal of Conch. 1888, vol. v
p- 282, pl. 2, tig. 12.—Algoa Bay.

Mirra Limpirera, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 23,
fig. 180a.—Natal coast (Krauss).

Mirra (IMpRIcARIA) CARBONACEA, Hinds, Voy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 41, pl. 11, figs. 9, 10; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 369, fig. 356.—Agulhas Bank ( Hinds).

MARGINELLA Mosaica, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 74, fig. 59.—Port Elizabeth.

Var. Langleyi, Sowerby.—A curious variety, in
which the markings are merged into longitudinal streaks,
waved so as to form a band in the middle of the body whorl.

MARGINELLA ORNATA, Redfield, American Journal of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 246.= M. vittata, Reeve (non Edwards),
Conch. Icon. sp. 17.=M. serpentina (Jousseaume ).—Port
Elizabeth. This species has been mistaken for M. Poucheti
(Petit), and placed in various collections under that name.
It is however totally different. Vide Journal de Conch. 1851,
vol, li. p. 46, pl. 1, fig. 3. :

MARGINELLA PIPERATA, Hinds, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844,
p- 72; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 75, figs. 40, 44.—
Port Elizabeth.

Vars. albocincta, strigata, lutea and lineata,
Sowerby, J. of C. vol. vi. p. 8.—Port Elizabeth.

MarGINELLA Barrstow1, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 23; J. of C.
vol. v. p. 11, 1886, vol. vi. pl. 1, fig. 3.—Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA LINEOLATA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 24; J. of C.
vol. v. p. 11, 1886, vol. vi. pl. 1, fig. 2.—Port Elizabeth.

20 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA,

MarGINELLA FLOcCATA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 25; J. of C.
vol. vi. p. 8, 1889, pl. 1, fig. 4.—Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA PAXILLUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 133.—
Port Elizabeth.

MaRGINELLA PELLICULA, Marrat, Weinkauff, in Kuster,
Conch. Cab. Marg. pl. 23, figs. 11, 12.—Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA ZONATA, Kiener, p. 41, pl. 138, fig. 45 var.
bilineata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 126, tab. 6, fig. 22.—
Port Elizabeth.

MarGINELLA DunKert, Hrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 126,
tab. 6, fig. 23.—Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA CAPENSIS, Dwnker, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 125, tab. 6, fig. 21.—Cape coast (Krauss).

MarGINELLA Mercauret, Angas, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1877,
p- 173, pl. 26, fig. 8.—Port Jackson (Angas), Port Elizabeth.
MARGINELLA INcoNsPICUA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 75, fig. 80.—Port Elizabeth.

MarGINELLA Savieny, Jssel, Moll. Mar. Rosso, p. 115,
1869; Savig. Descript. de lEgypte, Coq. pl. 6, fig. 18.—
Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA NEGLECTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch, vol. i. pl.
75, fig. 135.—Port Elizabeth, Mauritius, &e.

MARGINELLA CYLINDRICA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 76, fig. 134.—Port Elizabeth.

MarRGINELLA PYRUM, Gronovius, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
13. = NV. nubecula, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 75,
fig. 51.—A large dead shell in Bairstow’s collection. Port
Elizabeth ?.

MARGINELLA CHRYSEA, Watson, Gastrop. of Challenger,
. 267, pl. 16, fig. 8—Cape Town and Port Elizabeth.
P >t 8 I

MARGINELLA EPIGRUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 151.—
Cape of Good Hope.

MARGINELLA BULBOSA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 144.—
Cape of Good Hope.

MarGIneLLA Keent, Marrat, Ann. and Mag. of Nat.
Hist. 1871, vol. vii. p. 141, pl. 11, fig. 13.

GASTROPODA. 21

MARGINELLA ROSEA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 55, fig. 56.—Cape and Natal coast (Krauss).

MaRGINELLA BIPLICATA, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852,
p- 37.—A small semipellucid species with which I am un-
acquainted, Cape Coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA MULTIZONA, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852,
p- 37.—A small species with 10 to 15 red zones. I have
not met with this shell. Cape Coast (Krauss).

MarGINELLA REEVEI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p. 38.
—A minute fusiform species, conical spire, pale red zones,
4-plaited columella. Cape Coast (Krauss). Unknown to me.

MaRGINELLA ZEYHERI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p.
38.—A small ovate solid white species, with a short conical
spire, wide mouth, and columella with four equal plaits.
Unknown to me. Cape Coast (Krauss).

MARGINELLA CRASSILABRUM, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 76, figs. 124, 125.—Port Elizabeth.

MARGINELLA ELECTRINA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 1, fig. 22.—
Testa cylindraceo-fusiformis, tenuis, pellucida, fulva; spira
breviter conica, obtusa; anfractus 4, leviter convexi; sutura
eallosa; anfractus ultimus elongatus, leviter convexus, basin
versus leviter attenuatus; apertura angusta, antice latior;
labrum inflexum leviter incrassatum, paulo marginatum,
rectiusculum ; columella basi contorta, triplicata,

Long. 12, diam. maj. 7 millim.; sp. min. longa 8, diam.
4} millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

ERATO SULCIFERA, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. Cyprea,
p- 15, fig. 46.—Cape (Gray).

COLUMBELLA ALBUGINOSA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 223.—
Port Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA CEREALIS, Menke (Buccinum), Krauss, Sudafr.
Moll. p. 122, tab. 6, fig. 17. = C. Kraussii, Sowerby,
Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 40, fig. 180.—Port Elizabeth and
Simon’s Bay.

COLUMBELLA SAGENA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 162.—Port
Elizabeth. A Japanese species.

22 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

COLUMBELLA PULCHELLA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 39, figs. 121, 122.—Port Elizabeth. Known as a West
Indian species.

COLUMBELLA FLAVA, Drugwiére, Reeve, Conch. Icon, sp. 27,
fig. 27a. Variety C0. undata, Duclos, Kiener Col. p. 27,
pl. 9, fig. 1.—Common in the Indian Ocean, rare at Port
Elizabeth.

CoLUMBELLA FLOCOATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 160.—
Port Elizabeth, Buffalo, Cape Colony (Reeve).

COLUMBELLA VARIANS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl.
37, fig. 47.—Port Elizabeth.

COLUMBELLA BIFLAMMATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 226.—
Port Elizabeth.

CoLUMBELLA TURTURINA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 37, figs. 38-40.—Natal coast (Krauss). Common
in various places, from Mauritius to the Philippine Islands.

COLUMBELLA LACTEA, Duclos, Reeve, Conch. Icon, sp. 120.
—Natal coast (IXrauss).

COLUMBELLA MENDICARIA, Lamarck, var.? Kiener, Coq. Viv.
pl. 6, fig. la.—Natal coast (Krauss).

COLUMBELLA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 1, fig. 20—
Testa fusiformis, tenuis, alba; spira acuta, apice papillar ;
anfractus 54 convexiusculi, longitudinaliter multiplicati,
striis angustis et confertis spiraliter sculpti; anfractus
ultimus inflatus, basin versus attenuatus; columella leviter
contorta, haud callosa; apertura lata, labrum arcuatum,
tenue.

Long. 10, diam. maj. 5 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A white species of the ‘ Anachis’ section, allied to
C. pulchella.

COLUMBELLA ALGOENSIS, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 1, fig. 21.—
Testa elongata, turrita, fulva, lineis fuscis transversis inter-
ruptis hic illic textiliformibus picta, antice fusco-zonata ;
spira perelata, apice papillari ; sutura impressa ; anfractus 5,
convexiusculi, longitudinaliter irregulariter plicati; spiraliter
dense suleati; anfractus ultimus angustus ; columella leviter
recurva; apertura parva, labrum tenue. Long. 8, diam. maj.
22 millim. This shell has somewhat the appearance of a

GASTROPODA. 23

Defrancia, but upon examination I have come to the con-
clusion that it belongs to the same section as the foregoing.

ALCIRA ELEGANS, H. Adams, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1860,
p- 451; Tryon, M. of C, vol. v. p. 188, pl. 61, fig. 9.

Harra miNoR, Lamarck, var. crassa, PhilippiimCape
coast (Phil.). The several varieties of this species are pretty
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacifie Oceans, but I
have not yet met with it from the Cape.

Cassis TESTICULUS, Linné, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 10.
==/\ specimen of this well-known West Indian and West
African species in Bairstow collection from South Africa.

Cassis acnaTina, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 28.
—Several varieties of this species are found at Port Eliza-
beth, and probably the shell quoted by Krauss as C. Zey-
lanica (Lamk.) is one of these.

Do.ium LuTEosToMA, ister, Conch. Cab. pl. 58, fig. 1.
—This species was quoted by me in the ‘Journal of
Conchology,’ as D. Favanni (Hanley), from which T find it
differs. It is nearly allied to D. variegatum. The South-
African specimens differ very little from the Japanese.

LAMELLARIA PERSPICUA, Linn., Sowerby’s Illust. Index
of Brit. Shells, pl. 16, figs. 23, 24.—Port Elizabeth.

NatTICA IMPERFORATA, Sowerby (Gray ?), Zool. of Captain
Beechey’s Voyage, p. 135, pl. 37, fig. 1; Sowerby, Thes.
Conch. vol. v. pl. 460, fig. 93. =. genwana, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 121 Common at Port Elizabeth.

Natica Forata, Récluz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 460, fig. 96.—Port Elizabeth, Butfalo River, &e.

Natica pipyMA, Bolien, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 455, fig. 14.=N. emerclanne (Recluz).—Port Elizabeth
(rare), Japan, Philippines, &c. (common).

Natica Simi#, Chemnitz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 459, fig. 71. —Port Elizabeth (rare ).

Navica MAMILLA, Lamarck, Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. Bd. v.
tab. 189, figs. 1928, 1929; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl.
456, fig. 29. —Natal (C rawiord). A common species, widely
Gre aiatede in the Indian and Pacifie Oceans.

24 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Natica pyGM#A, Philippi, Abbild. und Beschreib. vol. i.
p. 17, pl. 1, fig. 12.—Unknown to me. Table Bay (Krauss).

NaTICA MAROCHIENSIS, Gmelin, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. v. pl. 462, fig. 151.=N. maroccana (Chemnitz)=N.
lurida (Philippi).—Natal (Crawford).

ScCALaRIA LACTEA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moil. p. 94, pl. 5,
fig. 27 ; Conch. Icon. sp. 93.—Natal coast (Krauss); Port
Elizabeth (Bairstow).

SCALARIA CLATHRATULA, Montagu, Sowerby, Illust. Index
of Brit. Shells, pl. 15, fig. 20.—Several specimens of this
British and European species found at Port Elizabeth.

SCALARIA FRAGILIS, Hanley, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 33, fig. 64.—Port Elizabeth (a small specimen).

ScaLaRta coronata, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 35, fig. 133.—This species, generally known as
West Indian, is not uncommon at Port Elizabeth.

ScALARIA PSEUDO-SCALARIS, Brocchi, = S. clathrus,
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 35, fig. 131.—A species
of almost universal distribution: Britain, Mediterranean,
Mauritius, East and West Indies, as well as South Africa.

Scauaria FucATA, Pease, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1860, p. 400.—
Sandwich Islands (Pease).—Port Elizabeth.

ScaLARIA REPLICATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 32,
figs. 23, 24.—Port Elizabeth (rare).

TEREBRA CAPENSIS, HE. A. Smith, pl. 4, fig. 88; Ann.
and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1873, vol. xi. p. 269.—Port Elizabeth.

Teresra Grayl, EL. A. Smith, pl. 4, fig. 89; Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, vol. xix. p. 227. = 7. gracilis (Gray ),
name preoccupied.—South-east Africa.

TEREBRA PERTUSA, Born, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 42, figs. 42, 43.—Port Elizabeth (rare).

TEREBRA TIARELLA, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
109.—Natal.

TEREBRA CINGULIFERA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol, i. pl. 42, fig. 24.—Port Elizabeth (rare), Mauritius, &c.
(common ). :

GASTROPODA. 25

OBELiscus suLCATUS, A. Adams, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 171, fig. 84.—Port Elizabeth (rare). Common in
the Indian Ocean.

Syrnota acicutaTa, A. Adams (Obeliscus), Sowerby,
Thes. Conch. vol. 1i. pl. 171, fig. 21.—Port Elizabeth (rare).

SYRNOLA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 2, fig. 35.
Testa subulata, luteo-fusca, polita, nitida; anfractus 12,
levissime convexi, sutura impressa sejuncti; apertura ovalis ;
peristoma simplex ; columella uniplicata.

Long. 124, diam. maj.3 millim.; apertura longa 25, lata 14
millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

RINGICULA AUSTRALIS, Crosse, Journ. de Conch. vol. xiii.
p- 44, pl. 2, fig. 5.-—S. Australia (Crosse), Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA ARGENTEA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 37.—
Testa elongato-turrita, tenuis, argentea, nitens, longitudin-
aliter costata; costis numerosis, confertiusculis, leviter
obliquis, interstitiis levibus; spira acuta; anfractus 9—10,
convexiusculi, sutura impressa sejuncti; anfractus ultimus
parvus, costis cire. 20 instructus, ad basim rotundatus,
leevigatus; apertura ovata; peristoma acutum; columella
rectiuscula.

Long. 45, diam. maj. 1 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little, shining, silvery white shell, shorter than 7.
lactea (Linn.) and more acutely turreted than 7. delicata
(Monterosato).

TURBONILLA LHVICOSTATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 36.—
Testa elongato-turrita, lactea, longitudinaliter levissime
costata, costis basin versus evanidis; spira acuta; anfractus
10, levissime convexi, sutura leviter impressa sejuncti;
apertura ovata; peristoma acutum ; columella leviter arcuata.

Long. 54, diam. maj. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Rather larger than the last species, with whorls less
convex, and ribs almost obsolete.

TURBONILLA TEGULATA, Sowerby, nu. sp., pl. 2, fig. 38.—
Testa elongato-turrita, tenuiuscula, alba, subpellucida,
undique conspicue decussata ; spira acuta, turrita; anfractus
10, convexi, superne angulati, tabulati, spiraliter et longi-

E

26 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

tudinaliter sulcati, leviter granulati ; apertura rotunde ovata;
columella leviter contorta; peristoma acutum.

Long. 43, diam. maj. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A turreted, shining white, decussated shell, with whorls
slightly tabulated. The surface between the decussating
grooves has a granulated appearance.

TURBONILLA CANDIDA, A. Adams, P.Z.S. 1853, p. 181.—
Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA sOALaRIS, Philippi, Sowb. lust. Index of
Brit. Shells, pl. 16, fig. 9 (as Chemnitzia l.).—Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA LACTEA, Linn., Sowb. Ilust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 16, fig. 1 (as Chennitzia 1.) = Turbo elegan-
tissimus.—Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA CASTANEA, Carpenter, MSS. ?—Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA RUFA, Philippi, Sowb. Ill. Index. Brit. Shells,
pl. 16, figs. 4, 5.—Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA BIFASCIATA, A. Adams, Ann. and Mag. of
Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 297; Tryon, Man. of Conch. vol. viii.
pl. 76, fig. 47.—Port Elizabeth.

TURBONILLA FuscA, A. Adams, P. Z. 8. 1853, p. 181;
Tryon, vol. viii. pl. 76, fig. 46.—Port Elizabeth. Tyron
quotes 7’. bifasciata as a variety of this, but I think the
author was right in considering the species distinct.

Opostom1a ANGASI, Z'ryon, Man. of Conch. vol. viii.
p. 362, pl. 79, fig. 68. = 0. lactea (Angas), preoccupied by
Dunker.—Port Jackson (Angas), Port Elizabeth.

Euumma souipa, Sowerby, Conch. Icon. sp. 18.—Port
Elizabeth.

Euuma atuantica, E. A. Smith, P. Z. 8. 1890, p. 278,
pl. 23, fig. 25.—St. Helena and Port Elizabeth.

Evuima nitipa, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 169, fig. 17.—In the byssus of Pinna squamifera ;
mouth of the Knysna River (Krauss).

Eutma pistorta, Deshayes, Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. 1i.
pl. 169, fig. 6.—Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 27

EuLima LanuLeyi, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 1, fig. 31.—Testa
elongata, angusta, recta, pellucida, polita; spira acuta;
anfractus 8-9, levissime convexi; sutura contecta; area
suturalis fascia pellucida notata ; anfractus ultimus oblongus,
vix inflatus ; apertura oblongo-ovata; peristoma simplex.

Long. 44, diam. maj. 1} millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A minute, straight species, in form resembling FE. inter-
media, Jettreys.

CINGULINA CrrcINATA, A. Adams, Ann. and Mag. of Nat.
Hist. 1860, vol. vi. p. 414.—Port Elizabeth. The specimens
are scarcely distinguishable from the Japanese.

CINGULINA ACUTILIRATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 1, fig. 32.—
Testa elongata, turrita, alba; spira recta, levissime convexa,
versus apicem acuta; anfractus 9-10 vix convexi, liris 3-4,
acutis spiraliter cingulati; apertura parviuscula, subovata ;
columella rectiuscula; labrum acutum.

Long. 5, diam. maj. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Ditfering from C. circinata, A. Adams, in the sharpness
of the ridges and the absence of interstitial crenulation.

CERITHIOPSIS PURPUREA, Angas, P.Z.S. 1877, p. 36, pl. 5,
fig. 7.—Port Elizabeth.

CERITHIOPSIS TUBERCULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. Illus. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 15, fig. 11.—Port Elizabeth.

DIALA CaPENsIS, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 28; Journ. of Conch.
vol. vi. p. 12, pl. J, fig. 17.—Port Elizabeth.

DIALa INFRASULCATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 1, fig. 30.—
Testa pyramidata, fusca, aut sordide albida ; spira acuminata,
acuta; anfractus 8-9, planati, sutura impressa sejuncti ;
anfractus ultimus angulatus, infra angulum convexus,
spiraliter 6—7 sulcatus, angustissime umbilicatus ; apertura
latiuscula ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 7, diam. maj. 2 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

DiaLa pupa, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 1, fig. 29.—Testa
oblonga, albida, laevigata ; spira acutiuscula, elata; anfractus

28 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA

6, leviter convexi, sutura impressa sejuncti; anfr. ult.
rotundatus; apertura subcircularis ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 4, diam. maj. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A simple little shell, of which the generic position is
somewhat doubtful.

ACLIS TENUISTRIATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 2, fig. 56.—
Testa elongata, angusta, alba; spira versus apicem acutis-
sima; anfractus 8; levissime convexi, spiraliter multistriati,
striis tenuissimis, confertis ; sutura leviter impressa ; anfractus
ultimus oblongus ; apertura leviter expansa; labrum tenue.

Long. 9, diam. maj. 2 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A delicate little white shell, very finely striated, with
an oval mouth and a perfectly plain columella.

SoLariuM crncuLUM, Kiener, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ili. pl. 253, fig. 55.—Port Elizabeth.

SOLARIUM VARIEGATUM, Gmelin = SN. perspectiviunculus
(Chemnitz), Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iil. pl. 254, fig. 60.—
Natal (Crawford). Widely distributed in the Indian Ocean
and South Pacific.

SOLARIUM CANCELLATUM, Arawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 95,
pl. 5, fig. 29.—Algoa Bay (Krauss).

TANTHINA GLOBOSA, Swainson, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. v. pl. 444, figs. 16, 17.—St. Helena (Lesson), Port Eliza-
beth.

TANTHINA FRAGILIS, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch, vol. v.
pl. 443, figs. 1-4.—Atlantic, Pacific, and Port Elizabeth.

JanTHIna ExIGUA, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 444, figs. 23, 24.— Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Algoa Bay.

TanTHINA UMBILICATA, D’Orbigny, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
vol. v. pl. 444, sp. 22.—Algoa Bay.

Reciuzia Monrrouziert, Sowverbie, Journal de Conchy-
liologie, 1872, pl. 1, fig. 8—New Caledonia (Mont), Port
Elizabeth.

Conus Trintanus, Hwass, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iil.
pl. 205, fig. 450; var. C. aurora (Lamarck), fig. 456; var.

GASTROPODA. 29

C. rosaceus (Chemnitz), fig. 455; var. C. Loveni (Krauss),
fig. 449.—Port Elizabeth.

CoNnUS INFRENATUS, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 285; Sowb.
Conch. Icon. vol. iii. pl. 205, figs. 451-453; var. C. swe-
cinctus (A, Adams), Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 198, fig. 257.—
Port Elizabeth, &e.

Conus pictus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 98. In Thes.
Conch. fig. 444 represents C. jaspidews.—Port Elizabeth.
Rarely seen in good condition.

Conus Gitvus, Reeve, Conch. Ieon. sp. 255.—Saldanha
Bay, South Africa (Reeve).

Conus Crorcui, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 254.— Saldanha
Bay (Reeve).

Conus Lautus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 255.—Port Eliza-
beth. Only deadand somewhat worn specimensat present found,

Conts ELONGATUS, Chemnitz, Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 204, figs. 140,141. = C. mozambicus (Brug.).—Port
Elizabeth (rare).

Conus CAFFER, Krawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 131, pl. 6,
fig. 24; Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 204, figs. 246, 247.
—TI am not quite satisfied that this is distinet from C. elon-
gatus. It is certainly not C. pictus, as suggested by
Tryon.

Conus ALGOENSIS, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 204.
fig. 421.—Algoa Bay ?.

Conus NATALENSIS, Sowerby (natalis), Thes. Conch. vol.
ii. pl. 199, figs. 292, 293.—Natal (rare).

Conus FuLVuS, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 34; Journ. of Conch.
vol. vi. p. 10, pl. 1, fig. 1.—Port Elizabeth. I have only
seen one specimen of this species, which is in the collection
of Mr. Bairstew.

Conus Bairstowl, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 33; Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 9, pl. 1, fig. 12.—Port Elizabeth (Mus.
Bairstow).

CoNnUS HEBR&US, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 189, fig. 56.—Natal coast (Krauss), Common in the
Indian Ocean.

30 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Conus BETULINUS, Linn., Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl.
197, fig. 244.—Natal (Crawford). Common in the Indian
Ocean.

CoNUS TESSELLATUS, Born,.Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 198, fig. 250.—Natal (Crawford).

Conus NEMOocANUS, Hwass. - A specimen in the Bairstow
Collection from South Africa.

Conus Livipus, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 188, fig. 27.—Natal coast (Krauss). One of the com-
monest shells on various coasts from the Red Sea and
Mauritius to the Philippine and South Sea Islands. I have
not yet met with it from South Africa.

Conus minimus, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 189, fig. 154.—Natal coast (Krauss). This species is
also widely distributed on the Indian and Indo-Pacific coasts,
but I have not seen it among South African shells.

ConUs TEXTILE, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 209, fig.
567.—Natal (Bairstow). A typical specimen in the collec-
tion at Oxford.

Conus conspersus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 262, var.
C. Verreauxi (Kiener), Krauss, Wiegmann’s. Archiv fur
Naturgeschichte, 1852, p. 39.—Cape (Krauss).

Conus ALTISPIRATUS, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p.
146, pl. 15, tig. 4; Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 512, fig. 720.—
Agulhas Bank.

Conus GRADATULUS, Weinkauff, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl.
508, fig. 673=Conus turritus, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 256, pl. 22, fig. 14.—Agulhas Bank.

Srrompus FLoripDuUSs, Lamk., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 11.
=. mutabilis (Swainson), Sowerby, Thes. Conch.—Natal
coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford). Common and
widely distributed in the Indian and Indo-Pacific Oceans.

SrromBus MAauRITIANUS, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 20. =S. cylindricus (Swainson), Sowb, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 7, tig. 50.—Cape (Dunker).

STROMBUS GIBBERULUS, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp.
15; Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 6, fig. 18.— Natal coast

GASTROPODA. 31

(Krauss). Very common in the Red Sea and on many
Indian and Indo-Pacific coasts. I have not met with it
among South African shells.

CyPR#A CAPENSIS, Gray, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 320, fig.
306.—Port Elizabeth. Confined to the South-African coast.

CyPREA EDENTULA, Sowerby, Conch. Illustr. No. 102,
fig. 26; Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 320, figs. 313, 314.—Port
Elizabeth. Confined to the South African coast.

CYPREA ALGOENSIS, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust.
No. 101, fig. 26; Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 320, figs. 311, 312.
—This species is very rare in Algoa Bay.

CyPR#A SIMILIS, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. No. 103,
fig. 27; Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 320, figs. 300, 30]. Var.
C. castanea (Higgins), Thes. Conch. vol. iy. pl. 320, figs.
302, 303.—I have only seen one specimen in perfect con-
dition of this species, but bleached ones turn up occasion-
ally. I am convinced that C. castanea (Higgins) is the
same species.

CYPREA AMPHITHALES, Melvill, Mem. Manchester Lit.
and Phil. Soc. 1888, Ser. 4, vol. i. p- 221; pl. 2, fig. 19.—
Port Elizabeth (very rare).

CYPRHA FUSCO-DENTATA, Gray, Sowerby, Conch. Illust.
No. 103, fig. 27; Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 320, figs. 298, 299.
—Worn specimens are not uncommon at Port Elizabeth, but
the shell is seldom found perfect.

CYPRHA CRUENTA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 314,
fig. 385.=C. variolaria (Lamarck).—This species, common
on the coast of Mauritius, and on various Indian and Indo-
Pacific shores, has, as far as I know, only been found dead at
Port Elizabeth.

CYPRHA CAPUT-SERPENTIS, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 304, figs. 72, 73. This very common species is but rarely
found on the South-African coast.

CYPR#A FIMBRIATA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 323,
figs. 390, 291.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow). Widely distributed from Mauritius to the Sand-
wich Islands, Japan, Borneo, and Australia.

os MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

CYPRHA FELINA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 323,
fig. 393.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow ).
Distribution about the same as the last.

CYPRHA CITRINA, Gray, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 316,
figs. 218, 219.—This species has been confounded with C.
helvola, from which it is quite distinct. South Africa and
Madagascar (rare ).

CyYPR@®A HELVOLA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 316,
fig. 214.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Natal coast (Krauss).
Very common on various Indian and Indo-Pacific shores.

Cyprma arapica, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 302,
fig. 61.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Natal coast (Krauss).
Common and widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific
Oceans.

CypR#A ANNULUS, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 317,
figs. 252, 253.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow). Distribution same as last.

CYPR#A NEGLECTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 322,
fig. 377.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstew). Distribution same as
last.

Cypr&a EROSA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 309, fig.
111.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Distribution same as last.

CyPRHA CARNEOLA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 294,
fig. 11.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Distribution same as
last.

Cyprma caurtca, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 314,
figs. 288, 289.—A dead specimen found at Port Elizabeth.

CYPRHA MAURITIANA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 301,
fig. 51.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Although this species
is not confined to the Mauritian coast, but pretty widely
distributed in the Indian Ocean, it is not common on the
South African coast.

Cypr@a LAMARCKI, Gray, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 308,
‘fig. 105. =C. miliaris, Kiener (non Linn.).—Natal Bay
(Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), Madagascar, and various
parts of the Indian Ocean.

GASTROPODA. Bi)

Cypr@a IsaBeLLa, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 295,
fig. 16.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common on various
Indian and Indo-Pacific shores.

CypR#A OCELLATA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 108,
figs. 102, 103.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common in the
Indian Ocean.

Cypr@a MoNETA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 317,
fig. 244.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Very abundant on
various shores from Zanzibar to Polynesia.

CYPR#A TABESCENS, Solander, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl.
318, fig. 261.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). A dead specimen.
Common in Mauritius and in various parts of the Indian
Ocean.

Cypr@a ziczac, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 310,
fig. 135.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common and widely
distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

CYPRHEA STAPHYLAA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 316,
figs. 223, 227.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow). Common and
widely distributed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Cyprma Lynx, Lamarck, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 306,
fig. 86*.--Natal coast (Krauss). Very common on various
Indian and Pacific shores.

CYPR&A VITELLUS, Lamarck, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 297,
fig. 33.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Very common on various Indian and Pacific shores.

Cypr@®a unpata, Lamarck, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 310,
figs. 131-133.—Natal coast (Krauss). Common on various
Indian and Pacific shores.

CYPR#A NEBULOSA, [iener, Coq. Viv. p. 63, pl. 32, fig. 3 ;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 314, fig. 198.—‘ Cape’
(Kiener). I have never met with this species excepting
from West Africa (Gambia).

Cypr@a Listert, Gray, Thes. Conch. vol. iv. pl. 309,
figs. 116, 117.—Natal coast (Krauss). Sparingly distributed
among the Pacific islands. I have never met with this
species from South Africa.

F

34 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Cyprma (Trivia) oniscus, Lamarck, Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 324, figs. 416, 417. A smooth-backed variety of this
species has often been mistaken for C. ovula, from which it
is constantly distinguished by being when adult ribbed at
the base.—Port Elizabeth and Cape coast.

Cypr@®a (Trivia) ovuLA, Lamk., Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 324, figs. 410, 411.—Port Elizabeth and Cape coast.

Cyprma (Trivia) costata, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 324, figs. 414, 415=C. rosea, Wood=C. carnea, Gray ;
Sowb. Conch. Illustr. fig. 147.—Cape coast, very rare
(Krauss). I have not met with this species from Port
Elizabeth.

Cypr@a (TRIVIA) FoRMOSA, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch. vol. iv.
pl. 328, figs. 518*, 519.—Cape coast and Port Elizabeth.

CypPr@A (TRIVIA) PELLUCIDULA, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch.
vol, iv. pl. 327, figs. 497-499.—Port Elizabeth.

Cypr®A (TRIVIA) VESCICULARIS, Gaskoin, Thes. Conch.
vol. iv. pl. 324, figs. 412, 413.—Port Elizabeth. Rarely
found in good condition. This species is like a miniature
C. oniscus, but more finely ribbed.

OvuLa sPELTA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 100,
figs. 63, 64.—Port Elizabeth, Cape coast. Known as a
Mediterranean species.

OvuLa BrRrostris, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 100, figs. 65, 66.—Port Elizabeth. Of wide distribution.
Specimens have been found at Mauritius, Ceylon, Singa-
pore, Hong Kong, Japan, &e.

OvuLa caRNEA, Poiret, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 101,
fig. 77.—A large, light variety of this common Medi-
terranean species found at Port Elizabeth.

OVULA AURANTIA, Sowerby, pl. 1, fig. 26; Journ. of
Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 11, pl. 1, fig. 15.—Port Elizabeth
(Bairstow).

CANCELLARIA FOVEOLATA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 93, figs. 30, 31.—Port Elizabeth. The species varies in
colour from nearly white to dark brown or nearky black.

GASTROPODA. 35

CANCELLARIA SEMIDISJUNCTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 95, figs. 62, 63.—Port Elizabeth.

CANCELLARIA LAMELLOSA, Hinds, Zool. of Voyage of
Sulphur, p. 43, pl. 12, figs. 15, 16.—Agulhas Bank, 70
fathoms (Hinds).

CERITHIUM VULGATUM, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. ii. pl. 179,
fig. 67.—A small pale variety of this common Mediterranean
species found at Port Elizabeth.

CERITHIUM TUBERCULATUM, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 182, fig. 164.—Natal (Crawford).

CERITHIUM COLUMNA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 178, fig. 56.—Natal (Crawford).

CERITHIUM TAHNIATUM, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 290, fig. 320.—Natal.

CERITHIUM CONTRACTUM, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 184, fig. 218.—Natal.

CERITHIUM PINGUE, A. Adams, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 148, fig. 217.—Port Elizabeth.

CERITHIUM MEDITERRANEUM, Deshayes, Thes. Conch.
vol. 11. pl. 181, figs. 131, 132.—Port Elizabeth. Common
in the Mediterranean, and a variety is found on the
Mauritian coast.

CeritHiuM Koc, Philippi, Thes. Conch. vol. ii. pl. 176,
figs. 13-15.—Port Elizabeth (rare), Red Sea, Indian Ocean,
Mauritius, China Sea, &e. (common).

CERITHIUM (VERTAGUS) OBELISCUS, Bruguiéere, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 177, fig. 30.—Natal coast (Krauss). Common in
the Indian Ocean.

CERITHIUM ECHINATUM, Lamarck, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 178, fig. 44.—Natal Bay (Krauss). Common on many
coasts, from Mauritius to the Philippines.

CERITHIUM MONILIFERUM, Dufresne, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 182, fig. 163.—Natal coast (Krauss), Red Sea, Philippines,
South Sea Islands, &e.

36 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

CERITHIUM FOVEOLATUM, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 1, fig. 27.
—Testa minima, acuminata, sordide albida; spira acuminata;
anfractus 10, leviter convexi, sutura leviter impressa sejuncti,
cancellati, profunde seriatim foveolati; anfractus ultimus
curtus, ad basin leviter contractus; apertura breviter
expansa; columella leviter contorta.

Long. 4 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little dull white species, the surface of which is
deeply punctured.

CERITHIDEA DECOLLATA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. ii. pl. 186,
fig. 276.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford), Natal (Krauss),
Zanzibar, Madagascar, Mauritius, Xe.

TRIFORIS CARTERETENSIS, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur,
Moll. p. 29, pl. 8, fig. 17. — Natal coast (Krauss).

TRIFORIS PERVERSUS, Linn., Sowb. Ill. Index Brit. Shells,
pl. 15, fig. 10.—Port Hiizabeth (Crawford), This well-
known European species is of very wide distribution.

TRIFORIS CINGULATUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1851,
p. 279.—Cape of Good Hope.

LITTORINA KNYSNAENSIS, Arauss, Philippi, Conch. vol. xi.
p- 196, pl. 4, fig. 4.—Port Elizabeth. This is a variable
species and includes L. africana, Krauss.

LirrorIna NATALENSIS, Avrauss, Philippi, Abbild, u.
Beschr. n. Conch. vol. ii. p. 160, pl. 3, fig. 4.—Algoa Bay
and Natal coast (Krauss).

LIrTORINA DECOLLATA, Avrauss, Phil. Conch. vol. ii.
p. 196, pl. 4, fig. 3.—Natal coast (Krauss).

LIrrorIna AHENEA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 15.—Port
Elizabeth. Of very wide distribution in the Atlantic,
Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

LitTorINa 21GZAc, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 57.
—Natal coast (Crawford).

Lirrorina ASPERA, Philippi, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1845,
p. 139; Tryon, Man. of Conch. vol. ix. pl. 44, figs. 80-85 Ke.

GASTROPODA. ay

Lirrortna Newcomet, Reeve, Conch. Icon, sp. 28.—Natal
(Crawford ).

LITTORINA INTERMEDIA, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 101.—Natal Bay (Krauss), Borneo, Philippines, &e.

Litroriva puNcTaTA, Gmelin, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 66.
—-Cape coast (Dunker), Senegal, &e.

LITTORINA GLABRATA, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 104.—Natal coast (Krauss).

PLANAXIS SULCATUS, Quoy et Gaimard, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 24.—Natal coast (Krauss). Common on various
coasts in the Indian and Pacifie Oceans.

PiLanaxis acutus, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 103, pl. 6,
fig. 2.—Natal (Krauss).

MirRALDA crIspA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 55.—Testa
elongato-pyramidata, alba, nitens; spira acuta, turrita;
sutura canaliculata; anfractus 6-7, medio leviter angulati,
tricarinati, carinis acute nodulosis, interstitiis plicatis ;
anfractus ultimus inferne rotundatus, vix protractus;
apertura ovata; columella leviter contorta, plica unica acuta
minutissima superne instructa.

Long. 3, diam. maj. 1 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little silvery shell, crisply noduled.

AURICULINA LUCIDA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 39.—Testa
elongata, alba, polita, subpellucida ; apice obtusa; anfractus
6, leviter convexi; anfractus ultimus oblongus; apertura
antice latiuscula, postice acute attenuata; columella leviter
contorta; peristoma simplex.

Long. 4, diam. maj. 1 millim,

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A small white pellucid shell of simple character.

RISSOINA ELEGANTULA, Angas, P. Z. 8. 1880, p. 417, pl.
40, fig. 10.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford),

RissoA (ALVANIA) FENESTRATA, Avrauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 86, pl. 5, fig. 20.—Port Elizabeth.

Rissoa PinNa&, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 87, pl. 5, fig. 21.
—Port Elizabeth.

38 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Rissoa NIGRA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 86, pl. 5, fig. 19.
—Algoa Bay and Table Bay (Krauss).

Rissoa (ALVANIA) ARGENTEA, Sowerby, noy. sp., pl. 11,
fig. 40.—Testa acuminato-ovata, imperforata, argenteo-nitens,
pellucida ; spira acutiuscula, gradata; anfractus 6, convexi,
liris approximatis, leviter granulatis (in anfr. penult. 4-5, in
anfr. ult. cire. 8), sculptiy superne longitudinaliter plicati ;
anfractus ultimus leviter inflatus ; apertura ovata; peristoma
simplex ; columella arcuata.

Long. 2, diam. maj. 13 mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A beautitul little shining silvery shell, not regularly
latticed like R. fenestrata, but with the spiral ridges much
more prominent than the longitudinal plaits, which are nu-
merous and visible only on the upper half of the whorls.

Rissoa (CINGULA) CAPENSIS, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 2, fig.
41.—Testa ovata, anguste perforata, fulvo-cornea, zona lata
fusca cincta; spira breviter turrita, acutiuscula, sutura pro-
funda; anfractus 53, leves, convexi; anfractus ultimus
spiram paulo superans, leviter inflatus ; apertura ovata, infra
angulata ; peristoma simplex.

Long. 2, diam. maj. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A smooth horny umbilicated species with a single broad
brown band.

Ca&cUM GLABRUM, Montagu, Sowb. Hl. Index Brit.
Shells, pl. 15, fig. 7.—Port, Elizabeth.

TURRITELLA CARINIFERA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 12—Natal, Table Bay and Port Elizabeth.

TURRITELLA BACILLUM, Kiener, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 7.
—Natal Bay (Krauss). This species is widely distributed in
the Indian and Pacifie Oceans. I have not met with it among
South African shells.

TURRITELLA CAPENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 106, pl. 6,
fig. 8.—Table Bay (Krauss).

TURRITELLA KNYSNAENSIS, Arauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 106,
pl. 6, fig. 9; Knysna (Krauss).—Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

TURRITELLA EXCAVATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1870,
p- 252, pl. 21, fig. 3.—Aghulhas Bank.

oy

GASTROPODA, 39

TURRITELLA PUNCTULATA, STIR) Ets. Zool. Soe. 1870,
p- 253.—Agulhas Bank.

VERMETUS (SIPHONIUM) NEBULOSUS, Dillwyn, Tryon, vol.
Vill. p. 184, pl. 54, figs. 84-86.

VeRMETUS (THYLACODES) Contcus, Dillwyn, Tryon, vol.
vill. pl. 49, fig. 24. = V. decussatus (Gmelin ).—Port Eliza-
beth.

VERMETUS (STREPHOPOMA) TRICUSPE, » Morch., le5 ZA Ie
1861, p. 150.—South Africa.

SILiQuARIA oBTuUSA, Schumacher, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. v. pl. 480, fig. 3,=S. angwina, Philippi, non Linn.—
Only small specimens of this species have been found at
Port Elizabeth. Distribution: Mediterranean, Senegal, &c.

TROCHITA HELICOIDEA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. y. pl.
449, figs. 53, 54.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).

TROCHITA CHINENSIS, Linn., Sowerby, Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pl. 10, fig. 29.—Port Elizabeth. The South-African
specimens of this European species are mostly purple-tinted.

CREPIDULA ASPERSA, Dunker, Thes. Conch. vol. y. pl. 452,
figs. 126, 127.—Port Elizabeth ; Lower Guinea ‘(Dunker).
This appears to be a young shell. I am not sure that C.
lentiginosa is not the adult form of this species.

CREPIDULA RUGULOSA, Dunker, Zeitsch. fiir Malakozool.
1846, p. 108.—Table Bay (Krauss).

CREPIDULA ACULEATA, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 452, fig. 124.—Table Bay, Simon’s Bay, Natal coast, Port
Elizabeth; also found on the Atlantic coast of South
America 3 and a variety (costata) inhabits the shore of Naga-
saki, Japan (Lischke).

CREPIDULA HEPATICA, Deshayes, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 453, figs. 131, 132.—Table Bay, Natal, Port Eliza-
beth, &e._

CREPIDULA LENTIGINOSA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 453, fig. 130.—Port Elizabeth. Possibly the adult form
of C. aspersa (Dunker).

40 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Hipronyx piLosus, Deshayes, Tryon, M. of C., vol. viii.
pl. 40, fig. 3—Natal coast ( Krauss).

Hipponyx GRANULATUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853,
p. 171, pl. 20, fig. 3.—Natal and Port Elizabeth.

Hrpponyx AusTRALis, Quoy and Gaimard, Tryon’s
Manual, vol. viii. p. 136, pl. 41, figs. 12, 13. =H. acutus
(Quoy).—Natal coast (Krauss).

NERITA ALBICILLA, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. v. p. 464,
figs. 26, 27.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow
and Crawford), Mauritius, Red Sea, &e.

Nerita pourra, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 463,
figs. 2, 3.— Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, Zanzibar,
Mauritius, &e.

NeERITA UMLASSIANA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 89, pl. 5,

fig. 25.—Mouth of River Knysna (Krauss).

NERITA QUADRICOLOR, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 463,
fig. 14.—Natal Point (Krauss). This species is common in
the Red Sea. I have not met. with it from South Africa.

Nerira puicaTa, Linn., Thes. Conch., vol. v. pl. 466,
figs. 79, 80.—Very common on various parts of the South
African coast.

Neriva Exuvia, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 464, fig. 34.
—Natal Bay (Krauss). I have not met with this species
from South Africa. It is common in various parts of the
Indian Ocean.

NERITA PLEXA, Chemnitz, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 464,

fig. 33.—Port Elizabeth. Widely distributed in the Indian
Ocean.

NERITA SANGUINOLENTA, Menke, Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 468, fig. 113 (as albicilla var)—Port Elizabeth. Dis-
tribution: Mauritius, Madagascar, &c.

NerITA COMMA-NorATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 72; Thes.
Conch. vol. v. pl. 466, fig. 59.

Nerita Lisreri, Récluz, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 465,
fig. 51.—Port Elizabeth.

GASTROPODA. 4]

PHASIANELLA CAPENSIS, Dunker, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 104, pl. 6, fig. 5.—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay, Table
Bay, &e.

PHastaNELLA Kocam, Philippi, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 104, pl. 6, fig. 4—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay, Table
Bay, «ce.

PHASIANELLA ELONGATA, Avrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 104,
pl. 6, fig. 3.—Cape (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &e.

PHASIANELLA PULLUS, var. P. tenuis (Philippi), Sowerby,
Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 476, fig. 30.—Cape coast (Krauss).

PHASIANELLA BICARINATA, Dunker, Tryon, vol. x. p. 176,
pl. 39a, fig. 10.—Cape (Dunker). I am not acquainted with
this species. It has an abnormal look.

PHASIANELLA NERITINA, Dunker, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 105, pl. 6, fig. 6; Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 476, fig. 10.—
Cape (Krauss).

TuRBO coroNnatuS, Ginelin, Thes. Conch. vol. y. pl. 498,
fig. 51.—Natal coast (Krauss). Distribution: Red Sea to
the East Indian Archipelago.

Turbo sarMaTicus, Linn., Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 497,
fig. 43. = classiariws (Gray).—Port Elizabeth and various
parts of the South African coast.

TuRBO criparRIs, Gmelin, Thes. Conch. vol. y. pl. 496,
fig. 35, var. C. natalensis (Reeve), Conch. Icon. (Turbo)
sp. 1; Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 497, fig.44. Turbo natalensis
has not only been considered specifically distinct from 7’.
cidaris, but it has been placed in a different genus on ac-
count of the curiously tufted granulation of the operculum.
After comparison of a large number of specimens, Mr. Pon-
sonby, Professor Gwatkin, and I have come to the conclusion
that it is a mere variety. The shells vary a good deal, from
a strongly-ribbed growth to perfectly smooth, also in the
height of the spire, &c., but they cannot be separated by
any reliable character. In the operculum the size of the
granulation and more or less perforated centre seem to vary
indiscriminately. Then, as to the animal, Mr. Gwatkin
says: ‘A careful examination of 7. cidaris and natalensis
leaves me at a loss for any clear difference of dentition. The

G

42 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

specimens vary a little, but only a little, and that promiscu-
ously. I cannot find any specific difference.’

TurBo (COLLONIA) SANGUINEUS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes.
Conch. vol. v. pl. 504, fig. 146.=7'. quantilla (Gould).—Port
Elizabeth (Crawford), Mediterranean, Vancouver Island, &e.

Turso (CoLLonia) MiInuTUS, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 53; J. of
C. 1889, vol. vi. p. 152, pl. 3, fig. 9.—Port Elizabeth. Since
describing this species I have seen a couple of specimens of
rather larger size.

OxyYsTELE MERULA, Lamarck, Tryon, vol. xi. pl. 23, fig 79.
—Port Elizabeth (plentiful).

OXYSTELE TIGRINUS, Chemnitz, Tryon, vol. xi. pl. 23,
figs. 61-64.—Port Elizabeth (plentiful).

OXYSTELE NIGER, A. Adams (Photinula), P. Z. 8. 1851,
p- 192.—Port Elizabeth.

OXYSTELE ZONATUS, Wood, Tryon, vol. xi. p. 238, pl. 36,
fig. 21 (as Gibbula).—Port Elizabeth, Simon’s Bay, &c.

OXYSTELE IMPERVIUS, Menke, Philippi, Conch. Cab. p. 145,
pl. 24, fig. 8; var. Trochus sagittiferus (Lamarck), Phil.
Conch. Cab. pl. 24, fig. 16; var. Trochus indecorus, Phil.
Conch. Cab. p. 143, pl. 24, fig. 5; var. Trochus variegatus
(Anton).—Agulhas Bank (Krauss), Simon’s Bay, Table Bay,
Port Elizabeth, &e. (common).

OXYSTELE TABULARIS, Avrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 97, pl. 5,
fig. 30.—Table Bay (Krauss), Natal and Port Elizabeth.

OxystELeE Tamst, Dunker, Index Moll. Guinea, p. 16,
pl. 2, figs. 40-42.—Cape (Dunker), Guinea, Cape de Verde
Islands, &e.

CALLIOSTOMA ORNATUM, Lamarck (Trochus), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Ziziphinus), sp. 7.—Several varieties of this
pretty shell found at Port Elizabeth.

CALLIOSTOMA EUGLYPTUS, A. Adams, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Ziziphinus), sp. 17.—Port Elizabeth (rare). Reputed habi-
tats: Australia, Tasmania, ~&e.

CALLIOSTOMA BICINGULATUM, Lamarck (Trochus), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Ziziphinus), sp. 20.—Cape coast (Krauss).
This species is quoted from Torres Straits.

GASTROPODA. 43

CaLLiostoMa FULTONI, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 43; Journal of
Conchology, 1889, vol. vi. p. 153, pl. 3, fig. 7.—Port
Elizabeth.

CALLIOSTOMA F'arQuHari, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 2, fig. 42.
—Testa conica, elata, angustissime umbilicata, grisea, fusco-
maculata ; spira leevissime convexa, ad apicem acuta; an-
fractus 7-8, planato-declives, spiraliter dense lirati, oblique
subtilissime striati, inferne angulati, ad angulum maculis
fuscis ornati; basis convexa, liris cire. 12, exsculpta; apertura
leviter obliqua, fauce levi; columella rectiuscula, leviter
callosa ; peristoma acutum.

Long. 12; diam. maj. 9 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

This species is not far removed from C. Fultoni, from
which it is chiefly distinguished by its strong spiral sculp-
ture, and by the row of brown spots at the angle.

GIBBULA GRANULOSA, Dunker (Delphinula), Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll. p. 94, pl. 5, fig. 28.—Table Bay (Krauss),
Simon’s Bay and Port Elizabeth.

GIBBULA CAPENSIS, Gmelin, Philippi, Cones. Cab. pl. 29,
fig. 22.—Port Elizabeth, Natal, Kc.

GIBBULA ROSEA, Gmelin. See Journal of Conch., 1889,
vol. vi. p. 153.

GIBBULA MULTICOLOR, Arauwss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 97, pl. 5,
fig. 31.—Table Bay (IXrauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

GippuLA ZEYHERI, Krauss, Archiv fiir Nat. 1852, p. 33.
—I do not know this species, but from the description it
appears to be nearly allied to G. cicer.

GIBBULA ARMILLATA, A. Adams (Mss. ?), Sowerby (Turbo),
Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 50, fig. 93.—Port Elizabeth. Having
examined the operculum of this little shell, I find it to belong
to the genus Gibbula, and not to Collonia as the form of
the shell led me to suppose.

GiBBULA CICER, Menke. See Journal of Conch. 1889,
vol. vi. p. 153. Turbo cicer (Sowerby ), Thes. Conch. vol. v.
pl. 505, fig. 59. This is the Trochus musivus of Gould.—
Table Bay, Simon’s Bay, and Port Elizabeth.

44 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

GippuLA Benz, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 99, pl. 5, fig. 32.
—Port Elizabeth.

GippuLa Lupwici, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 99, pl. 5,
fig. 33.—Cape (Krauss). Unknown to me.

- GIBBULA MINIATA, Anton, Philippi, Beschr. und Abbild.
vol. i. p. 33, pl. 1. fig. 7.—Table Bay (Krauss). Unknown
to me.

GIBBULA Ponsonsyl, Sowerby, Proe. Zool. Soc. 1888 ;
Journal of Conchology, 1889, vol. v. p. 11.—Port Elizabeth.

GIBBULA BIPORCATA, A. Adams (Mss. ?).—Port Elizabeth
(rare). See Addendum.

TrocHus (POLYDONTA) NIGROPUNCTATUS, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Trochus), sp. 71.—Port Elizabeth (a young shell).

SOLARIELLA FUSCO-MACULATA, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 11,
fig. 46.—Testa minuta, late et profunde umbilicata, depresse
orbicularis, laevis, albida, maculis parvis fuscis irregulariter
conspersis picta; spira obtusa, vix elevata; anfractus 44,
convexi; sutura anguste canaliculata sejuncti; anfr. ulti-
mus depresse rotundatus ; basis radiatim plicata; umbilicus
perspectivus. Apertura circularis, parviuscula; peristoma
simplex.

Diam. 33; alt. 24 millim.

Hab, Port Elizabeth.

A pretty little species, of which Mr. Ponsonby has shown
me one fresh specimen, and several dead ones. One or two
of the dead ones are a little larger than thetype. The shell
is quite smooth, excepting the puckering of the base, com-
mencing in the umbilicus.

SOLARIELLA DILECTA, A. Adams (pl. 4, fig. 90), Proce.
Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 40 (Margarita) ; Journal of Conch. 1889,
vol. vi. p. 154.—Port Elizabeth. The type in the Cumingian
collection is labelled ‘Straits of Magellan.’

SOLARIELLA UNDATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1870,
p: 251.—Agulhas Bank.

Monoponta Australis, Deshayes, Tryon, Manual, vol. xi.
p- 88, pl. 62, fig. 84.—Natal (Krauss).

GASTROPODA. 45

Monoponta (PRIoTROCHUS) oBscuURA, Wood, Tryon,
vol. xi. p. 257, pl. 61, fig. 33.—Natal (Crawford).

CLANCULUS CARINATUS, A. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1851,
p- 162; Tryon, vol. xi. pl. 14, fig. 24-26.—Port Elizabeth.

CLANCULUS PUNICEUS, Philippi, Conch. Cab. p. 73, pl.
14, fig. 2.—Natal coast (Krauss). Distribution: Red Sea,
Zanzibar, Senegal, &e. I have not met with this species
among South African shells; it is nearly allied to, if not a
mere variety of C. Pharaonis.

CLancuLus Laceyi, Sowerby, pl. 11, fig. 44; Journal of
Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 11, pl. 1, fig. 16.—Port Elizabeth.

CLANCULUS WALTONE, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 45.
—Testa breviter conica, fuscescens, maculis minutis nigro-
fuscis irregulariter aspersa; anfractus 54, convexiusculi,
liris spiralibus granulatis (in anfr. penult. 4, lira minima
interveniente) ornati, sutura canaliculata sejuncti ; anfractus
ultimus obtuse angulatus; basis leviter convexa, liris granu-
latis circ, 9 ornata; umbilicus profunde excavatus; columella
obliqua, supra et infra angulata; apertura leviter obliqua,
subquadrata, fauce iridescens.

Diam. 11; alt. 84 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

Somewhat resembling C. carinatus and C. Laceyi, with
the ridges crisply granulated. In form it is more elevated
and inflated than CU. carinatus.

CYCLOSTREMA ROTUNDATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 2, fig. 47.
—Testa orbiculata, anguste umbilicata, albida, subpellucida ;
spira obtusa, sutura canaliculata; anfractus 4, convexi,
spiraliter striati; anfractus ultimus rotunde convexus : aper-
tura leviter obliqua, subcircularis.

Diam. 24; alt. 14 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A little white shell, of which the true generic position
is uncertain. The species varies a good deal in form, and
in the width of the umbilicus, which in some specimens is
nearly closed.

CYCLOSTREMA INFLATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 11, fig. 48.—
Testa inflata, anguste umbilicata, tenuis, alba; spira parva,
acutiuscula, gradata; sutura profunda; anfractus 4, primi

46 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFKICA,

biangulati; anfractus ultimus inflatus, rotundatus, sub-
oblique oblongus, spiraliter obscure liratus, minutissime
striatus ; apertura subcircularis, leviter obliqua; peristoma
continuum, simplex.

Diam. maj. 94; alt. 7 mill.

A thin white inflated species, with a narrow umbilicus,
upper whorls bi-angulated, body-whorl very finely striated,
and showing very faint traces of spiral ribs; the spire is very
small and rather acute, and the whorls are divided by a deep
suture,

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

CYCLOSTREMA PLANULATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 11, fig. 49.
—Te-ta orbiculata, compressa, tenuis, alba, late et profunde
umbilicata; spira parva, vix exserta, planulata; anfractus
34, spiraliter striati; anfractus ultimus planato-convexus,
acutissime carinatus ; basis coneava, lira elevata circa umbi-
licum munita; apertura patula; peristoma simplex.

Diam. maj. 5, min. 43; alt. 15 millim.

A remarkable little shell, in which the spire is very small
in proportion to the body whorl, which is broad, slightly con-
vex at the top, and flattened at the base, with a sharp keel
at the margin. The shell somewhat resembles in form a
miniature Trochita calyptreformis.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

LioTIA PULCHERRIMA, Adams, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
vol. vii. 1851, p. 332. —‘ Cape of Good Hope’ (Mus. Cuming.).

HA.ioTis SaNGUINEA, Hanley, Reeve, Conch. Icon, fig. 17;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 439, fig. 93.—Table Bay,
Port Elizabeth, and Cape coast generally.

Haiotis Mip&, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 16 ;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 431, fig. 31. = H. capensis
(Dunker).—Port Elizabeth and Cape coast. generally.

Hauiotis parva, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 53;
Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 429, fig. 17. = H.
canaliculata (Lamarck).—Table Bay and Port Elizabeth.

STOMATELLA SULCIFERA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol, ii. pl. 174, fig. 3.—Natal (Krauss).

STOMATELLA ARTICULATA, A. Adams, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 174, fig. 2.—I found a small specimen of this species in

GASTROPODA. 47

the Bairstow collection ; it may possibly be the same species
as that identified by Krauss as S. sulcifera.

STOMATELLA CANCELLATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. jon GSR,
pl. 5, fig. 26; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 174.—Table
Bay, Natal, &e.

FIssURELLA SCUTELLA, Gray, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol.
ili. pl. 244, fig. 207.—Cape coast (Krauss), Torres Straits.

FIsSURELLA CALYCULATA, Sowerby, Genera of Shells,
No. 21, fig. 4; Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 140, fig. 126.—Port
Elizabeth and Cape coast generally.

FISSURELLA SIEBOLDI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 102;
Sowerby, Conch. Icon. vol. iii. pl. 241, fig. 138.—Port
Elizabeth. Known as a Japanese species.

FIsSURELLA INCARNATA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. pao;
pl. 4, fig. 7.—Table Bay and Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA CONOIDES, Philippi, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. p. 189, pl. 3, fig. 51.—Cape of Good Hope.

FISSURELLA NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 66,
pl. 4, fig. 8; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 239, fig. 69.
—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &e.

FissuURELLA CRUCIATA, Wrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 67, pl. 4,
fig. 9; Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 143, fig. 191.—
Natal coast (Krauss),

FISSURELLA AUSTRALIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p- 67, pl. 4,
fig. 10.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth, &e.

FISSURELLA OBTUSA, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. p. 7, fig. 59;
Thes. Conch. vol. iii. p. 189, pl. 4, fig. 80.—Cape of Good
Hope, coll. G. Humphrey (Sowerby).

FISSURELLA CAFFRA, (Gmelin, Martini, Conch. Cab.
vol. i. pl. 2, fig. 95; Patella caffra, Gmelin, No. 201,
p. 3730.—‘ Cape’ (Martini).

FISSURELLA ELEVATA, Dunker, Philippi, Abbild. und
Beschreib. neuer Conch. Bd. ii. p. 67, tab. 2, fig. 4.—Cape
coast (Dunker).

FISSURELLA MUTABILIS, Sowerby, Conch. Ilust. figs. 67,
70; Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 239, fig. 70.—Table Bay,
Natal coast, and Port Elizabeth.

48 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

FissURELLA NEGLECTA, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. pl. 241, fig. 1839.—Port Elizabeth. A well-known
Mediterranean species.

FIsSURELLA NUBECULA, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ili. pl. 239, fig. 73.—Port Elizabeth and Mediterranean.

FISSURELLA ROBUSTA, Sowerby, pl. 2, figs. 50, 513; Journ.
of Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 12, pl. 1, figs. 5, 6.—Port
Elizabeth (Crawford). A single worn specimen,

FIssuRELLA DuBIA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 35; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 244, fig. 208.—Cape of Good Hope.

FIsSURELLA ROTA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 79; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 239, fig. 72.—Cape of Good Hope.

FISSURELLA PARVI-FORATA, Sowerby, pl. 2, figs. 52, 53;
Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. 1889, p. 12, pl. 1, fig. 7.—Port
Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA FIMBRIATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 104.—
Port Elizabeth.

FISSURELLA FUMATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 63 ; Sowerby,
Thes. Conch, vol. iii. pl. 149, figs. 95-97.—Port Elizabeth.
Quoted as West Indian.

FIsSURELLIDEA HIANTULA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Coneh.
vol. iii. pl. 248, figs. 193-195.—Port Elizabeth and Cape
coast generally.

FIsSURELLIDEA CONCATENATA, Orosse and Fischer, J. de
C. vol. xiii. p. 41, pl. 3, figs. 1-3.—Port Elizabeth.

PuPILLIA APERTA, Sowerby (Fissurella), Tank. Catal.
Supp. p. 6; Thes. Conch. vol. iii, pl. 244, fig. 228.—Port
Elizabeth. ‘This species is quoted as from Patagonia, but I
have only met with it from South Africa.

MacrocuisMA pRopuCTA, A. Adams, Sowerby, Thes.
Conch. vol. iii. pl. 244, fig. 224.—Port Elizabeth (Bairstow),
a dead specimen. An Australian species.

DentaLium Lesson, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. iii. pl. 224, fig. 15.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford), dead

specimens. A Mediterranean species.

GASTROPODA. 49

ScuruM ImerIcatuM, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. de
PAstrolabe, Moll. vol. iii. p. 323, pl. 69, figs. 17, 18.—Natal
coast (Krauss).

HELcion PectTINATUS, Linn. (Patella), Syst. Nat. p. 1259 ;
Chenu, Man. Conch. fig. 2814.—Table Bay, Agulhas Bank,
Port Elizabeth, and Cape coast generally (abundant).

GADINIA cosTaTa, Arauss (Mouretia), Sudafr. Moll.
p- 57, pl. 4, fig. 1.—Cape coast.

GADINIA AFRA, Gmelin (Patella), Syst. Nat. p. 3715;
Adams, Gen. Ree. Moll. pl. 52, fig. 8a.—Port Elizabeth.

PATELLA VARIABILIS, Avrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 54, pl. 3,
fig. 12.—Natal coast, Port Elizabeth, &e.

PATELLA COCHLEAR, Born, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 24.—
Table Bay, Agulhas Bank, and Port Elizabeth.

PATELLA CoMPRESSA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon, sp. 13.—
Port Elizabeth and Cape coast generally.

PaTELLA ARGENVILLEI, HKrawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 49;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 20.—Table Bay (Krauss), Port
Elizabeth, &e.

PaTELLA RuSTICA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 8.—
Port Elizabeth, &e.

PATELLA PLICATA, Born, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 16. I
donbt very much whether this is anything more than a
variety of P. rustica.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

PATELLA TABULARIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 47, pl. 3,
fig. 8. In my opinion this also is a form of P. rustica.
P. obtecta, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 47, pl. 3, fig. 11, is
simply the young of the same.—Port Elizabeth, &c.

PATELLA GRANATINA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 4.—
Cape coast (common).

PATELLA GRANULARIS, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 31.
P. echinulata, Krauss (Sudafr. Moll. p. 52, pl. 3, sp. 15), is
the young of this species.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

PATELLA UMBELLA, Gmelin, Reeve, Conch. Jcon. sp. 17.

P. miniata, Born, is the young of this species.—Port
Elizabeth.

H

50 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

PatTeLLA DunKert, Kraass, Sudafr. Moll. p. 55, pl. 3,
fig. 14.—Port Elizabetb, Cape and Natal coasts.

PATELLA EXARATA, Nuttal, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 47.—
Port Elizabeth (rare). Common in the Sandwich Islands.

PATELLA Sariana, Lamarck, = P. conspicua (Philippi),
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 12.—Port Elizabeth (rare). This
fine species is also found on the Algerian coast.

PatTEnLaA Loneicosta, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 1l.—Port Elizabeth and other parts of the South
African coast.

PaTELLA OcuLUS, Born, Sowerby, Conch. Manual, fig. 229 ;
Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 2: P. badia, Gmelin; P. fuscescens,
Gmelin (Krauss) ; P. Schroeteri, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 43.

PavELLA BARBARA, Linn., Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 45.—
Table Bay and Agulhas Bank (Krauss). This species is also
quoted from Falkland Islands.

PATELLA NIGRO-ALBA, Blainville (Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p- 53), is unknown to me.—‘ Cape ’ (Blainy.).

PareLLa MacuLaTa, Blainville (Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 53), is unknown to me.— Cape’ (Blainv.).

PATELLA CAPENSIS, Gmelin, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 53,
pl. 3, fig. 18.—Port Elizabeth and Cape coast generally ; also
coasts of Madagascar, Mauritius, Ceylon, «ce.

PATELLA PRUINOSA, AKvawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 56, pl. 3,
fig. 9; Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 109.—Table Bay, Port
Elizabeth, &c. (abundant).

Curron Gicas, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 65.—
Table Bay, Natal, Port Elizabet h, &e.

CHrroN 'TULIPA, Quwoy, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 18. = C.
eymbiola, Sowerby.—Table Bay, Natal coast, Port Eliza-
beth, Ke.

CHrron MARGINATUS, Pennant, Sowerby, Illust. Index of
Brit. Shells, pl. 10, fig. 13.—Port Elizabeth (not uncommon).
This is well known and common on the British, Norwegian,
North American, and other coasts.

GASTROPODA, 51

Cuiron GarNeti, Blainville, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. de
PAstrol. vol. iii. p. 401, pl. 73, figs. 9-14.—Table Bay, Natal
coast, Port Elizabeth, «ce.

CHITON TEXTILIS, Gray, Spicil. Zool. 1, p. 5; Sowerby,

Conch. Illust. 61. = C. solea, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. = C.
indicus, Sowerby.—Table Bay, Port Elizabeth, «e.

Curron Warsont, Sowerby, Conch. Illust. figs. 81, 82, 1380.
Table Bay, &e.

CHITON PRUINOSUS, Gould, U. ieee ean Expedition,
1852, p. 316, fig. 419. = C. palliene, Jarp.—Port Eliza-
beth.

Cuiton perTusus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 16, fig. 88.—
Simon’s Bay (Krauss).

Carron castaNneus, Wood, Sowerby, Conch. Ilust. figs.
114-116 ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. fig. 23.—Cape of Good Hope.

CuIToN WAHLBERGI, Krauss, Sadafr. Moll. p. 36, pl. 3,
fig. 1—Table Bay (Krauss).

CHITON CAPENSIS, Gray, Spicil. Zool. p. 5; Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 151.—Table Bay and Natal coast.

CuiTon tTIGRINUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 38, pl. 3,
fig. 5.—False Bay.

CHITON NIGROVIRESCENS, Blainville, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 38.— Cape’ (Blainv.).

Carton Macci.uivrayi, Carpenter.—Port Elizabeth.

Cuiron oniscus, Avwuss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 39, pl. 3,
fig. 4.—Natal coast.

CHITON. CYANEO-PUNCTATUS, Wrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 40,
pl. 3, fig. 2,.—Cape coast (Krauss).

CHITON CARMICHAELIS, Wood, Index Test. supp. pl. 1,
fig. 10; Spicil. Zool. p. 6.—Cape of Good Hope (Wood).

Cu1Ton PuUSTULATUS, Avauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 42, pl. 3,
fig. 7.—Natal coast (Wahlberg).

AcTHON ALBUS, Sowerby (Tornatella’, Proe. Zool. Soc.
Heo pe 720, ple soy te 6)" Journ: of Coren 1886, vol. v.
p. 15.—Port lizabeth.

Qn
ho

MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

AcT&oN (SoLipuLa) suTURALIS, A. Adams, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. Tornatella, sp. 9.—Port Elizabeth and Natal (Crawford).

Acton (SouipuLa) SoLiputus, Linn. (Voluta), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. Tornatella, sp. 3.—Natal.

HypatTIna pHysis, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. Hydatina,
sp. 2.—Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow).
Common on the Mauritian coast and various parts of the
Indian Ocean.

Buta z1czac, Muhlfeldt, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bullina,
sp. 2. = B. lineata, Wood; B. lawta, Pease.—Port Eliza-
beth. A widely distributed species found on the coasts of
Mauritius, Ceylon, Sandwich Islands, Australia, &e.

CYLICHNA CYLINDRACEA, Pennant, Sowerby’s Ilust. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 20, fig. 4.—Port Elizabeth.

CYLICHNA UMBILICATA, Montague, Sowerby, Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 20, fig. 9.—Port Elizabeth. A well-known
British species.

ToRNATINA VOLUTA, Quoy et Gaimard, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 121, fig. 24. 7. soluta (by error J. C. vi. p. 13).
—This species is found principally in the Pacific Ocean.

VoLYULA RosTRATA, A. Adams, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. p. 96, pl. 125, fig. 154.—Port Elizabeth.

LEUCOTINA ELONGATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 11, fig. 57.—
Testa elongata, alba; spira turrita, levissime convexa;
anfractus 8, convexiusculi, sulcis incisis cire. 8 regularibus,
angustiusculis, mediocriter profundis, obscure puncturatis,
spiraliter sculpti; sutura profunda sejuncti; anfractus
ultimus oblongus; apertura oblongo-ovata, parva, columella
recta, peristoma simplex.

Long. 13, diam. maj. 34; apertura longa 3}, lata 2} millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A white shell, spirally grooved, of a more elongated form
than the known species of the genus.

Leucorina casta, A. Adams (Monoptygma), Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 172, fig. 22.—Port Elizabeth.

Butta ampuLLa, Linn.—Natal Bay (Krauss), Port
Elizabeth (Bairstow).. This is a species of very wide dis-

GASTROPODA. 53

tribution and extremely common in many localities. The
South African specimens I have seen are small.

HAMINEA NATALENSIS, Krauss (Bulla), Sudafr. Moll.
p. 71, pl. 4, fig. 14.—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

PHILINE APERTA, Linn., Sowerby’s Illust. Index. of Brit.
Shells, pl. 20, fig. 20.—A common well-known British
species.

Puitine Scurorrert, Philippi (Bulla), Enum. Moll.
Sicil. vol. ii. p. 94, pl. 20, fig. 2.—Table Bay (Krauss), Port
Elizabeth (Crawford).

OXYNOE PELLUCIDUS, A. Adams (Iearus), H. and A.
Adams, Gen. Recent Mollusca, vol. ii. p. 31 (Lophocereus).
—Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

CYLINDROBULLA FRAGILIS, Jeffreys, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
1856, vol. xviii. pl. 2, fig. 16.—Port Elizabeth (Crawford).
Very rare in the Mediterranean.

APLYSIA MACULATA, Rang, Hist. Nat. des Aplys. p. 58,
pl. 12, figs. 6~9.—Table Bay (Rang), Natal coast (Wahlberg),
Port Elizabeth (Crawford). This is the shell quoted by me
in the ‘ Journal of Conchology,’ vol. vi. p. 13, as Aplysiu
punctata,

APLYsIA Concava, Sowerby, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Aplysia,
sp. 24.—Port Elizabeth,

APLYSIA Savicnyana, Férussac, Rang, Hist. Nat. des
Aplys. p. 69, pl. 20.—Natal coast (Krauss).

DoLaBeLLa Rumpan, Cuvier, Ann. du Mus. vol. v. p. 437,
pl. 29, fig. 1.—Natal Bay (Krauss).

PLEUROBRANCHUS GRANULATUS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. 61.

UMBRELLA INDICA, Lamarek.—A common species of wide
distribution, but rarely found on the South African coast.

SIPHONARIA ASPERA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p- 60, pl. 4,
fig. 5.—Natal, Cape, and Port Elizabeth (abundant).

SIPHONARIA CAPENSIS, Quoy et Gaim., Voy. de l’Astrol.
vol. ii. p. 331, pl. 25, figs. 28, 29.—Port Elizabeth, &c.

o4 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

(common). Var. lineolata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 58,
pl. 4, fig. 2.—Table Bay (Krauss). = S. venosa, Reeve.

Srpnonarta ocuLus, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 58, pl. 4,
fig. 3.—Table Bay (Krauss).

SIPHONARIA VARIABILIS, Arawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 49,
pl. 4, fig. 4a. Var. S. concinna, Sowb. Genera of Shells,
fig. 2. Var. albofasciata, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 60, pl. 4,
fig. 4b.

SIPHONARIA NATALENSIS, Wrawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 61,
pl. 4, fig. 6.—Port Elizabeth, Table Bay, Simon's Bay, &e.

PELECYPODA.

Puotas pactyLus, Linn.—A somewhat stout form of
this well-known British species found at Port Elizabeth.

MarvTesta FALCATA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Pholas),
sp. 51.—Port Elizabeth.

Terepo (Hyprerotus) GREGATA, Lamarck (Fistulana)
= nucivora (Spengler), Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. v. pl. 469,
fig. 16.—Ceylon, &e., as well as South Africa.

Sinqua Japonica, Dunker, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cultellus,
sp. 15.—Port Elizabeth. This species, known as Japanese,
has also been found by Dr. Jousseaume at Aden.

SoLEN MARGINATUS, Pulteney, Sowb. Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pl. 2, fig. 14.—This common British species, also
quoted by Krauss as South African, has been found at
Port Elizabeth. This is possibly the Solen vagina (Linn.).

SoLEN REGULARIS, Dunker, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Solen,
sp. 30.—Port Elizabeth.

SoLEN GouLpr, Conrad. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1862,
vol. viii. p. 26.—Port Elizabeth.

CULTELLUS PELLUCIDUS, Pennant (Solen), Sowb. lust.
Index Brit. Shells, pl. 2, fig. 12.—Several perfect specimens
of this well-known European species have been taken at
Port Elizabeth.

PELECYPODA, cay)

CERATISOLEN LEGUMEN, Linn. (Solen ), Sowb. Illust.
Index Brit. Shells, pl. 2, fig. 11.—Another common British
species, of which several specimens have been found at Port
Elizabeth.

Saxicava arctica, Linn., Sowb. Illust. Index Brit.
Shells, pl. 1, fig. 16.—A specimen with serrated angle, exactly
like the typical British form, found by Mr. Crawford at Port
Elizabeth.

SAXICAVA AUSTRALIS, Lamarck.—The specimens shown
me from South Africa look very much like the British
S. rugosa.

CorsuLa TUNIcATA, Hinds, Zoo. Voy. Sulphur, Moll.
p- 68, pl. 10, figs. 4, 5.—Agulhas Bank. Common in the
China Sea, &e.

CorstLa cuNneaTa, Hinds, Zoo. Voy. Sulphur, Moll.
p. 68, pl. 16, fig. 6—Like the last species this is not
uncommon in the China Sea. It is quoted by Hinds from
Agulhas Bank.

CuSPIDARIA CAPENSIS, Smith, Report Lamell. Challenger,
p- 45, pl. 9, figs. 5—5b.—Off Cape of Good Hope.

THRACIA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi.
1889, p. 156, pl. 3, fig. 4.—Port Elizabeth.

THRACIA VILLOSIUSCULA, Macgillivray, Sowerby, Illust.
Index Brit. Shells, pl. 2, fig. 9.—Port Elizabeth.

Mactrra Apansoni, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 49.
—A variable species, including M. semistriata (Deshayes)
and probably M. decora (Deshayes).-—Port Elizabeth,
Senegal, Red Sea, &e.

Mactra pouita, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp, 39.—
Cape, and Natal coast (Krauss).

MAcTRA CaPENsIs, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3, fig. 68.—Testa
elliptica, subsquilateralis, compressiuscula, albida, nitida,
leevigata, concentrice subtilissime striata; umbones acuti-
usculi, elevati, approximati ; margo dorsalis utrinque declivis,
posticus obscure unicarinatus, ventralis mediocriter arcuatus.

Diam. antero-post 39, umbono marg. 29 mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

Somewhat resembling a white variety of M. stultorum.

56 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

but of a more transversely oval form, and with a slight keel
at the posterior angle.

Macrra (SCHIZODESMA) SPENGLERT, Gmelin, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. (Mactra), sp. 27.—Cape of Good Hope.

LUTRARIA OBLONGA, Chemnitz, Sowerby, Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 4, fig. 3. See note, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi.
p. 155.—Port Elizabeth.

LUTRARIA INTERMEDIA, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 4, fig. 2, as L. elliptica var.—Port Elizabeth.

LUTRARIA CAPENSIS, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 3,
fig. 9. See note, Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 156.

STANDELLA SOLANDRI, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Mactra),
sp. 113.—Cape of Good Hope.

PSAMMOBIA VESPERTINA, Gmelin, Sowerby, Illust. Index
of Brit. Shells, pl. 3, fig. 4.—Port Elizabeth.

PSAMMOTELLINA CAPENSIS, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 57; Journ.
of Conch. 1889, vol. vi. p. 13, pl. 1, fig. 19.—Port Elizabeth.

PSAMMOTELLA ROSEA, Gmelin (= P. Ruppelliana,
Reeve), Conch. Icon. sp. 4.—Natal.

TELLINA PRISTIS, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. pl. 61,
fig. 160.—Natal coast (Wahlberg).

TRLLINA FABULA, Gmelin, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 3, fig. 16.—Natal Bay (Krauss).

TELLINA TENUIS, Da Costa, Sowerby, Illust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 3, figs. 12, 13.—Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA TRIANGULARIS, Chemnitz, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 60, fig. 150.—Cape of Good Hope.

TELLINA CaAPsoIDEs, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 62, fig. 185.—Natal coast. A common species in
the East Indian Archipelago.

TELLINA Ponsonpyl, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 58; Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 155, pl. 3, fig. 1.—Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA NATALENSIS, Wrauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 3.—Natal
coast (Krauss).

PELECYPODA,. Onl

TELLINA UMBONELLA, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. i, pl. 56, fig. 13.—Cape of Good Hope.

TeLuina Lupwici, AKrawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 3, pl. 1,
fig. 2.—Shores of Natal (Krauss).

TELLINA LITTORALIS, Avauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 4, pl. 1,
fig. 3.—Natal and Cape coast (Krauss).

TELLINA ORBICULARIS, Sowerby, pl. 3, fig. 64; Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 13, pl. 1, fig. 20.—Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA ROSEA, Spengler, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i.
pl. 61, fig. 170.—Common at Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA (MAcoMA) CALCAREA, Chemnitz, Sowerby’s Illust.
Index of Brit. Shells, pl. 3, fig. 9.—Port Elizabeth.

TELLINA (Macoma) CrRawrorpI, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3,
fig. 71.—Testa suboblique-ovalis, equivalvis, tenuis, leviter
compressa, sublaevis, pallida; postice subtruncata, antice
leviter producta. Umbones. acuti, prominentes, conjuncti.
Lunula leviter impressa. Margo dorsalis utrinque declivis ;
anticus elongatus, levissime arcuatus; posticus brevis,
rectiusculus. Latus anticum rotundatuim; posticum obtuse
biangulatum. Cardo pertenuis.

Diam. antero-post 25, umbono marg. 18 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

A species of very ordinary form and character, allied to
T. cumana, T. lucerna, &e., but distinguished principally
by its remarkably thin hinge-line.

Tetiina (Macoma) Roust, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3, fig. 70.
—Testa oblongo-ovalis, equivalvis, albida, tenuiuseula, parum
inflata, leviuscula, concentrice striata; antice rotundata,
postice leviter acuminata, umbones acutiusculi, paululum
elevati, conjuncti, fere centrali. Cardo normalis.

Diam. antero-post 35, umbono marge. 25 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Another species of very ordinary type, somewhat re-
sembling 7. nasuta (Conrad), but smaller and less acuminated
pe steriorly.

TeLLina (Macoma) CuMANA, //anley, Thes. Conch, vol. i.
pl. 58, fig. 73.— Port Elizabeth, Mediterranean, &e.

58 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

GASTRANA ABILGAARDIANA, Spengler = G. Guinaica (Chem-
nitz), Conch, Cab. vol. x. p. 170, figs. 1651-1653.—Port
Elizabeth.

Donax SERRA, Chemnitz, Sowb. Thes. Conch. vol. iii.
pl. 282, fig. 87.—Common at Port Elizabeth.

Donax sorpipus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Donax), pl. 5,
fig. 32.—Cape (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

Donax ELoNGaTUS, Lamarck, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 280, fig. 12.—Port Elizabeth.

Donax Exaratus, Arauss, Sudafr. Mol. p. 6, pl. 1, fig. 5.
—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (rare).

Donax seEmisuLcaTus, Hanley, Conch. Icon. (Donax),
pl. 4, fig. 25.—Indian Ocean, Port Elizabeth (rare).

Donax OWENI, Gray, Sowb., Thes. Conch. vol. iii. pl. 1,
fig. 8.-—Port Elizabeth (rare).

Donax BiparTiTus, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 3, fig. 74.—
Testa subtrigono-oblonga, valde inzequilateralis, solidiuscula,
mediocriter compressa, albida, obscure pallide violaceo
radiata, antice levigata, nitens, postice transversim crenato
lirata, obscurissime radiatim sulcata; umbones acuti, pro-
minentes. Lunula leviter impressa; margo dorsalis anticus
elongatus, leviter declivis, posticus abrupte truncatus; area
postica dense clathrata; pagina interna albida, antice ob-
scure violaceo radiatim tincta, postice nigro-purpureo uni-
radiata; cardo normalis.

Diam. antero-post 20, umbono marg. 11 millim.

This species, of which Mr. Ponsonby has shown me several
specimens, may be distinguished by the intense violet ray
inside the posterior end. Rather less than half the valve is
sculptured, and the remaining portion smooth and polished.

CYTHEREA (TIVELA) CoMPRESSA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol, ii. pl. 128, figs. 38, 34.—Large, well-grown specimens
of this species from Port Elizabeth [at first thought distinct,
but upon further comparison am unable to separate them.
C. polita (Sowerby) is merely the young of this species.

CYTHEREA (TIVELA) DOLABELLA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 127, fig. 15.—Port Elizabeth.

PELECYPODA. . 59

CYTHEREA (CALLISTA) HEBREA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 13, figs. 143-148.—Natal.

Circe (Crista) pectinata, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii, pl. 137, figs. 1-3 = Cytherea Savignyi (Jonas).—Red
Sea, Natal coast (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford). Also
found in various parts of the Indian Ocean.

MERO# OVALIS, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 3, fig. 69.—Testa
ovalis, wquivalvis, crassa, leviter compressa, levis, pallide
carnea, lineis pallidis violaceis angulatis, et concentricis
sparsim picta. Umbones obtusi, haud prominentes. Area liga-
menti profundissima. Cardo normalis. Pagina interna carnea.

Diam, antero-post 22, umbono-marg. 15 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

Mr. Ponsonby has shown me a single valve, much worn,
and quite colourless, of a much larger specimen, measuring
35x 25 millim. The smaller specimen, which I have taken
for the type, has a few faint markings like those of S. scripta.
The general character of the shell is more like S. menstrualis,
or excavata, but of a more oblong-oval form.

TAPES CoRRUGATUS, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch,
vol. ii. pl. 150, figs. 121-122.—Common at Port Elizabeth.

Tapus RUGOsUS, Deshayes, is Venerupis rugosa.

TAPES TEXTRIX, Chemnitz, Conch. Icon. (Tapes), pl. 2,
fig. 3.

TAPES PAUPERCULUS, Chemnitz, is T. Kochi.

Tares Desnayesu, Hanley, Thes. Conch. vol. ii. pl. 146,
figs. 35-38.—Port Elizabeth.

TAPES PULLASTRA, Montagu (Venus), Sowb., [lust. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 4, fig. 4.—This common British species is
quoted by Krauss, on the authority of Wahlberg and Zeyher,
from Natal and Algoa Bay.

TAPES DACTYLOIDES, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 158, fig. 129.—Port Elizabeth (rare).

Tapes GEoGRAPHICUS, Linn., Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 149, fig. 90.—A well-known Mediterranean species,
quoted by Krauss from Natal Bay.

60 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA,

Tapes Cumincu, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii. pl. 150,
fig. 128.—South Africa ?

Tapes Kraussu, Deshayes, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Tapes),
pl. 9, fig. 41.—Natal.

Tapes (HeEMITAPES) AFRICANUS, Muhlfeldt (Venus), Thes.
Conch. vol. ii. pl.159, fig. 159.—Cape (Philippi).

Tapes (Hemirares) Kocui, Philippi, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
(Venus), vol. ii. pl. 158, figs. 147-151.

VENUS (CHIONE) VERRUCOSA, Linn.—Natal Bay (Krauss),
Port Elizabeth. The South African variety of this common
European species, quoted by me as var. capensis in the Journal
of Conch. vol. vi. p. 14, may be readily distinguished.

Venus (CHIONE) LayarpI, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Venus),
pl. 26, fig. 126.—Port Elizabeth.

Venus (GompHINA) UNDULOSA, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes.
Conch. vol. ii. pl. 158, fig. 142.—Port Elizabeth (rare). A
common Australian species.

Dosinia Lincta, Pulteney, Sowb. Ilust. Index of Brit.
Shells, pl. 4, fig. 11.—Quoted by me in the ‘Journal of
Conchology,’ vol. vi. p. 157, as Dosinia eretacea (Reeve).
Several specimens I have seen from Port Elizabeth are un-
questionably the same as the British species. D. africana
(Gray) is a variety of the same.

Dosinia LAMELLATA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Artemis), pl. 3,
fig. 13.—Port Elizabeth.

Dosinta HEPATICA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pl. 1,
fig. 7.—A. consobrina (Deshayes) is a variety of this
species.— Port Elizabeth.

VENERUPIS CorDIERI, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 164, fig. 2.—Port Elizabeth.

VENERUPIS RUGOSA, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 165, fig. 25.—Port Elizabeth.

PerRICOLA TYPICA, Jonas, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii.
pl. 166, fig. 21.—Port Elizabeth. ,

PELECYPODS. 61

PETRICOLA ROBUSTA, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. ii,
pl. 166, fig. 16.—Port Elizabeth.

PETRICOLA CULTELLUS, Deshayes, Sowerby, Thes. Conch.
vol. ii. pl. 166, fig. 5.—Port Elizabeth, Ceylon, &e. This
species is nearly allied to the American P. pholadiformis.

PETRICOLA VENTRICOSA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. D225 ple
fig. 1.—Natal coast (Krauss).

PETRICOLA Ponsonpyt, Sowerby, nov. sp., pl. 3, fig. 68.—
Testa ovata, compressiuscula, solidula, albida, striis nume-
rosis subrugosis divergentibus radiatim sculpta; umbones
obtusi, vix prominentes ; cardo normalis; pagina interna albida.

Diam. antero-post 20, umbono-marg. 15 mill.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

An oval species with divaricating sculpture.

CARDIUM NATALENSE, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. pal2splsele
fig. 9.—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

CakDIUM (PAaPYRIDEA) SEMISULCATUM, Gray = C. ringi-
culum, Sowerby, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Cardium), pl. 21,
f. 115; Smith, Report of the Lamellibranchiata of the
‘ Challenger,’ p. 162.—Simon’s Bay, 15-20 fath.

CaRDIUM LIMA, Gmelin = OC. asiaticum ( Brug.), Reeve,
Conch. Icon, (Cardium), pl. 18, fig. 90.—Natal (Krauss),
Port Elizabeth, Nicobar Islands, &e.

CarRDIUM FasciaTuM, Montagu, Sowb. Ilust. Index Brit.
Shells, pl. 5, fig. 7.—Port Elizabeth (large valves).

CHAMA GRYPHOIDES, Linn.—Natal.

LuctvA COLUMBELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Lucina), pl. 6, fig. 30.—Port Elizabeth.

Lucina (DivaRICELLA) LIRATULA, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 63;
Journ. of Conch. vol. vi. p. 155, pl. 3, fig. 5.—Port Elizabeth.

Loripes LAcTEus, Linn. = Lucina lactea, Sowb. Must.
Index of Brit. Shells, pl. 4, fig. 17. = Lucina leucoma
(Turton) = L. fragilis (Philippi).—Port Elizabeth.

Loripes GLogosus, Forskael, pl. 4, fig. 91; Descrip.
Anim, in Itin, Observ. p. 53.—Port Elizabeth.

62 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

FELANIA SUBRADIATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3, fig. 73.—
Testa suborbicularis, tenuiuscula, complanata, fere saequi-
lateralis, luteo-albida, epidermide tenui luteo-fusea nitida
induta, concentrice irregulariter striata. Umbones promi-
nentes, acutiusculi, approximati; margo dorsalis utrinque
declivis. Pagina interna albida, obscure rufo-radiata.

Diam. antero-post 19, umbono-marg. 20 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

I have described this from a single valve, but have since
seen a perfect specimen of smaller size in which the
internal pink rays are scarcely visible.

LASEA AUSTRALIS, Sowverbie, Journ. de Conch. 1863,
pl. 12, tig. 8.—Port Elizabeth.

Lasra sEminuLUM, Philippi (Bornea), Moll. Sicil. vol. i.
p. 14, pl. 1, fig. 16; Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 2.

KerLuIA MACTROIDES, Hanley, pl. 4, fig. 92; Proc. Zool.
Soe. 1856, p. 341 (as Pythina).— Port Elizabeth.

KeELLIA ROTUNDA, Deshayes, pl. 4, fig. 933; Proe. Zool.
Soe. 1855, p. 181 (as Erycina).—Port Elizabeth.

KELLIA SUBORBICULARIS, Montagu, Sowb. Illust. Index
Brit. Shells, pl. 6, fig. 5.—Port Elizabeth.

Monracuta CAPENSIS, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 62; Journ. of
Conch. vol. vi. p. 157, pl. 3, fig. 8.—Port Elizabeth.

CRASSATELLA ACUMINATA, Sowerby, pl. 2, fig. 59; Journ.
of Conch. vol. vi. p. 156, pl. 3, fig. 6—Port Elizabeth.

CRASSATELLA SUBQUADRATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soe.
1870, p. 249.—Agulhas Bank.

CRASSATELLA CREBRELIRATA, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 249.—Agulhas Bank.

Carpira (MYTILICARDIA) VARIEGATA, Bruquiére, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Cardita), pl. 1, fig. 8.—Natal (Krauss). This
species is found in many localities, from the Red Sea to
China, and from South Africa to Australia.

CarpITA (THECALIA) CONCAMERATA, Bruguiére, Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Cardita), pl. 9, fig. 42.—Port Elizabeth, Natal,
Table Bay, &e.

PELECYPODA. 63

CaRDITA ELATA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3, fig. 67.—Testa
parva, elata, subtrigona, crassiuscula, alba, concentrice
sulcata, costis 16—17, subangulatis, leviter crenatis. Umbones
prominentes, incurvi. Lunula parva, excavata. Margo
dorsalis posticus valde declivis. Cardo normalis. Pagina
interna alba, margine crenato.

Diam. antero-post 4, umbono-marg. 5 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A curious little species, somewhat the form of an Isocardia.
I have at present only seen odd valves.

CARDITELLA CAPENSIS, Smith, Report Lambellib. Voy.
Challenger, p. 216. For description of the genus see Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 42.—Simon’s Bay.

CARDITELLA RUGOSA, Sowerby, n. sp., pl. 3, fig. 65.—
Testa parva, trapeziformis, albida, fusco sparsim maculata,
radiatim costata, costis cire, 16, rugosis, interstitiis profundis.
Umbones vix elevati, obtusi, approximati. Lunula elongata,
impressa. Pagina interna fusca, margine fimbriato.

}iam. antero-post 6, umbono-marg. 44 millim.

A little, roughly ribbed, trapeziform species.

Nuocarpia, Sowerby, gen. nov.—Testa squivalvis, valde
inequilsteralis, extus cancellata, cardine angusto, obsolete
bidentat.. dente laterali postico elongato duplicato, margine
antico edentulo,

NEOCaRDTA ANGULATA, Sowerby, n. sp, pl. 3, fig. 66.—
Testa parva, sub-mytiliformis, postice angulata, antice rotun-
data, albida, fusco-tincta, concentrice dense regulariter et
profunde sulcata, radiatim costata, costis cire. {2 angustis,
parum elevatis, leviter nodulosis. Umbones prominentes,
acuti. Pagina interna obscure radiatim sulcata, plus minusve
fusco-tincta.

Diam. antero-post 43, umbono-marg. 4 millim.

Hab. Port Elizabeth.

A remarkable little shell of distinet form and peculiarly
cancellated sculpture. The cardinal teeth are scarcely
visible, and there is only one elongated lateral tooth, which
is on the posterior side of the hinge, the anterior being plain.

MytiLus cRENATUS, Lamarck, Encyclo. Method. pl. 217,
fig. 3; Sowerby’s Genera of Shells, fig. 5. = M. capensis
(Dunker).-—Port Elizabeth.

64 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA,

Myritus PERNA, Linn., Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Mytilus),
pl. 6, fig. 23.—Port Elizabeth, &e.
N

IyTILus EDULIS, Linn., var. M. meridionalis, Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll. p. 21, pl. 11, fig. 7.—Port Elizabeth, &e.

MytiLus aFEk, Gmelin, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Mytilus),
pl. 2, fig. 3.—Characterised by more or less pronounced brown
zigzag markings; it is, however, extremely doubtful whether
this is rightly considered a species distinet from M. perna.

MyTILUS VARIABILIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 25, pl. 2,
fig. 3.—Table Bay, Natal and Port Elizabeth.

MyTILUS MAGELLANICUS, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 22.—A young specimen of this species found on the
shore at Natal.

Mopio.a CAPENSIS, Krawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 20, pl. 2,
fig. 3.—Knysna River (Krauss).

Mop10La AURICULATA, Avauss, Sudafr. Moll, pl. 2, fig. 4.
—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Bairstow), I. Anjouan
(Philippi), Red Sea (Ruppell).

Moproua CyYLinprica, Arawss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 21, pl. 2,
fig. 2.—Natal (Krauss).

Mopiota mucronata, Philippi, Abbild. und Beschr.
neuer Conchyl., vol. ii. p. 150, pl. 1, fig. 8.—Natal coast
(Krauss).

MopIoLa LIGNEA, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Modiola), pl. 10,
fig. 58.—Port Elizabeth. An Australian species.

MopIoLa ELEGANS, Philippi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 19.
—Port Elizabeth. Much larger than the typical Indo-
Pacific form.

Mopiota preTaGNe, Scacchi, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Modiola), pl. 8, fig. 46.—Port Elizabeth. A Mediterranean
species.

MopioLaRIA CUNEATA, Gould, is M. marmorata.

Moprouaria piscors, Linn., Sowb., Ill. Index of British
Shells, pl. 7, fig. 13.—Port Elizabeth. A common British
and European species.

PELECYPODA. 65

MopIoLaRIA MARMORATA, Forbes, Sowb. Ilust. Index of
British Shells, pl. 8, fig. 14.—Specimens from Port Elizabeth,
hardly distinguishable from the European. This is no doubt
the MW. cuneata of Gould, said to be South African. Vide
Smith in P. Z.S. 1891, p. 393.

AVICULA (MELEAGRINA) CAPENSIS, Sowerby, pl. 3, fig. 75 ;
Journal of Conchology, 1889, vol. vi. p. 158, pl. 3, fig. 10.—
Port Elizabeth.

PERNA DENTIFERA, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 28, pl. 11,
fig. 9—Natal (Krauss).

PERNA VULSELLA, Lamarck, Reeve, Conch. Icon. (Perna),
pl. 5, fig. 21.—Natal (Krauss).

PINNA PERNULA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon. sp. 22.
= P. squamifera (Sowerby). —Mouth of river Knysna
(Krauss), Port Elizabeth (Crawford).

ARCA ACUMINATA, Avauss, Sudafr. Moll. p. 14, pl. 1,
fig. 11.—Natal (Krauss).

ArcA (BARBATIA) LACTEA, Linn., Sowb. Tlust. Index of
Prit. Shells, pl. 8, fig. 8.—Port Elizabeth. A well-known
British and European species.

Arca ImBrIcATA, Brug. = A. Kraussi (Philippi), Sudfr.
Moll. p. 14, pl. 1, fig. 13. = A. cwnealis (Reeve) = A.
mutabilis (Sowb.).—Natal.

Arca (Barpatia) squamosa, Lamarck, Hist. Anim. s.
vert. ed. 2, vol. vi. p. 474.—Natal (Krauss), West Indies,
Red Sea, &e.

ArcA (BARBATIA) NIVEA, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 96.—Natal (Krauss). Common in the Red Sea, &e.

ArcA (BaRBATIA) OBLIQUATA, Gray, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 80.—Natal (Krauss), Port Elizabeth.

Arca (SCAPHARCA) NATALENSIS, Krauss, Sudafr. Moll.
p. 17, pl. 1, fig. 12.—Natal (Krauss).

Arca (BarBaTis) scaBRA, Polv., Test. Utr. Sicil. vol. ii.
pl. 25, fig. 22.—Port Elizabeth, Mediterranean, &e.
K

66 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.
ArcA (ScapHarca) scarHa, Chemnitz, Reeve, Conch.
Icon. sp. 25.—Port Elizabeth.

PrectuncuLus akapicus, H. Adums, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1870, p. 792; Savigny’s Descrip. Egypte, pl. x. fig. 4.

PECTUNCULUS INEQUALIS, Sowerby, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
sp. 16.—Table Bay (Krauss), Panama.

Livorsis BeLcuHert, Adams & Reeve, Voy. Samarang,
Moll. p. 76, pl. 22, fig. 5—Cape, 120 fath.

Nucunina ovaris, Searles Wood, Smith, Report Lamell.
Challenger, p. 230.—Simon’s Bay, 15-20 fath.

Nucuta rapiata, Forbes et Hanley, Sowb. Illust. Index
of British Shells, pl. 8, fig. 3.—Port Elizabeth.

NucuLa nucLeus, Linn., Sowb. lust. Index of British
Shells, pl. 8, fig. 1.—Port Elizabeth.

NucuLta puLtcHra, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll.
p. 62, pl. 18, fig. 3—Agulhas Bank.

Nucuta Betcueri, Hinds, Zool. Voy. Sulphur, Moll.
p. 63, pl. 18, fig. 11.—Agulhas Bank (very rare).

PECTEN LIMATULA, Reeve, var., Smith, Report Lamellib.
Challenger, p. 297.—South Africa.

Prcren puso, Linn. Several varieties.—Port Elizabeth,
Natal (Krauss).

PECTEN (VOLA) CAPENSIS, Gray.—Port Elizabeth.

Lima rotunpata, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 21,
fig. 19.—Port Elizabeth.

Lima mvuticostata, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. i. pl. 22,
fig. 38.—A specimen in the Bairstow collection.

PLICATULA AUSTRALIS, Lamarck, Sowb. Thes. Conch.
vol. i. pl. 91, fig. 21.—Natal (Krauss).

OSTREA PRISMATICA, Gray, Conch. Icon. pl. 1, fig. 1.—
= iridescens, Gray.—Port Elizabeth.

OSTREA ALGOENSIS, Sowerby, Conch. Icon. (Ostrea),
pl. 26, fig. 65.—Port Elizabeth.

PELECYPODA, o7

OstrEA RUFA, Lamarck = O. australis (Lamk.) = tuber-
culata (Lamk.), Conch. Icon. (Ostrea), sp. 25.—Algoa Bay,
and Natal coast (Krauss).

OsTREA CUCULLATA, Born, Conch. Teon. pl. 16, fig. 34.—
Natal coast (Krauss). Found on yarious coasts in the Indian
and Pacific Oceans.

OSTREA ROSACEA, Chemnitz, Conch. Icon. sp. 46.—Natal
coast (Krauss).

BRACHIOPODA.

TEREBRATULINA RADIATA, Reeve, Conch. Ieon. (Terebra-
tula) sp. 7 ?=abyssicola (Ad. & Rve.).—Port Elizabeth.

Kraussta ruBRA, Pallas=Terebratula capensis, Krauss,
Sudafr. Moll. p. 32, pl. 2, fig. 10.—Port Elizabeth.

KRAUSSIA COGNATA, Chennitz (Anomia), Reeve, Conch.
Icon, (Terebratula), sp. 38.—It is doubtful whether this is
distinct from AK. rubra. I have not met with it among
South African shells.

KRAUSSIA NATALENSIS, Wrauwss (Terebratula), Sudafr.
Moll. p. 33, pl. 2, fig. 11.—Natal.

Kraussia pisuM, Valenciennes (Terebratula), Reeve,
Conch. Icon. (Terebratula), sp. 36.—Port Elizabeth and
Natal.

Kraussia DrsHayesi, Davidson, Reeve, Conch. Icon.
(Terebratula), pl. 9, fig. 35.

ADDENDUM.

GIBBULA BIPORCATA, Sowerby (A. Adams, Mss. p. 44).
Testa orbiculata, subcompressa, solidiuscula, perforata,
earneo-albida, roseo strigata vel maculata; spira abbreviato-
conica, gradata; anfractus 4, angulati, spiraliter striati ;
anfr. ultimus valde bicarinatus; basis planato-convexa,
spiraliter striata ; apertura lata, obliqua; peristoma tenue,
margine columellari sursum tenuiter dilatato, perforationem
fere tegente.

Diam. 6, alt. 5 millim.

Hab. Cape Town (Cuming).

Plaote 1.

SOUTH AFRICAN SHELLS .

Hanhart imp.

GB. Sowerby lith

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE I.

Fig. 1. Murex Babingtoni, p. 2.
ns » Crawfordi, p. 2.
» 3. Pleurotoma Rousi, p. 5.
Cae ee D Wilkie, p. 4.
», 9 Defrancia Ponsonbyi, p. 7.
, 6. Pleurotoma Bairstowi, p. 6.
» 7. Cominella semisuleata, p. 10.
a t8k sp angusta, p. 10.
Hs 9. os puncturata, p. 11.
5 LO: * suleata, p. 11.
5 jal unifasciata, p. 11.
5, 12. Euthria Ponsonbyi, p. 4.

13. ., fuseo-tincta, p. 4.

»» 14. Psendoliva ancilla, p. 15.

5, 15. Ancilla pura, p. 17.
16. Mitromorpha volva, p. 7.

» 17. Mitra merula, p. 19.

.» 18. Latirus Bairstowi, p. 17.
19. yy ARQERIE, Jos Ui
20. Columbella capensis, p. 22.

ele i algoensis, p. 22.

bo

Marginella electrina, p. 21.

5

es Bairstowi, p. 19.
o lineolata, p. 19.

or 4

3 floceata, p. 20.

%
bo b> bo bo to
ie

6. Ovula aurantia, p. 34.
27. Cerithium foveolatum, p. 36.
», 28. Diala capensis, p. 27.
a ead » dubia, p. 27.
30. infrasuleata, p. 27.
31. Eulima Langleyi, p. 27.
» 32. Cingulina acutilirata, p. 27.

GB Sowerby ith.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE II.

Fig. 33. Conus Bairstowi, p. 29.

34. PEeetUlyuS ps2 o!
35. Syrnola capensis, p. 23.
36. Turbonilla levicostata, p. 25.

Dilla A argentea, p. 25.
38. ¥ tegulata, p. 25.

39. Auriculina lucida, p. 37.
40. Rissoa argentea, p. 38.

41. »» capensis, p. 38.

42. Calliostoma Farquhari, p. 43.
43. “5 Fultoni, p. 45.
44. Clanculus Laceyi, p, 45.

45. rs Waltone, p. 45.

46. Solariella fusco-maculata, p. 44.
47. Cyclostrema rotundata, p. 45.
48. % inflata, p. 45.

49. % planulata, p. 46.
50, 51. Fissurella robusta, p. 48.
52, 52. 33 parviforata, p. 48.
54. Turbo minutus, p. 42.

55, Miralda crispa, p. 37.

56. Aclis tenuistriata, p. 28

57. Leucotina elongata, p. 52.

58. Tellina Ponsonbyi, p. 56.

59. Crassatella acuminata, p. 62.
60. Thracia capensis, p. 55.

61. Psammotellina capensis, p. 56.
62. Montacuta capensis, p. 62.

63. lLucina liratula, p. 61.

G.B Sowerby hth.

AFRICAN SHELLS .

Hanhart ump

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE III.

Fig.

64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
ale
72.
73.
74.
75.

Tellina orbicularis, p. 57.
Carditella rugosa, p. 63.
Neocardia angulata, p. 63.
Cardita elata, p. 63.
Petricola Ponsonbyi, p. 61.
Sunetta ovalis, p. 59.
Tellina Rousi, p. 57.

» Crawfordi, p. 57.
Mactra capensis, p. 55.
Felania subradiata, p. 62.
Donax bipartitus, p. 58.
Avicula capensis, p. 65.

SOUTH AFRICAN SHUELLS .

Plate 4

G.B.Sowerby lith . Hanhart imp.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE IV.

Fig. 76. Pleurotoma subventricosa, p. 6.

Sram ft ke = Borni, p. 6.

oy (lsh Fe! Kraussi, p. 6.
deh 35 diversa, p. 6.
SOE eS caffra, p. 6.

5 el. 3 hottentota, p. 5.
tec Re platystoma, p. 5.
oo: 3 tripartita, p. 6.

84. Defrancia capensis, p. 6.

» 85. Turbinella truncata, p. 17.

86. Nassa Crawfordi, p. 13.

87. Triton Kleinei, p. 8.

», 88. Terebra capensis, p. 24.

89. » Grayi, p. 24.

90. Solariella dilecta, p. 44.

»» 91. Loripes globosus (4 diam.), p. 61.
» 92. Kellia mactroides, p. 62.

3 93: » rotunda, p. 62.

GB. Sowerby lith .

Hanhart imp

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE V.

Figs. 94-96. Cyprea amphithales, p. 31.
97,98. Pecten sulcicostatus, p. 89.
(as P. capensis, p. 66.)
99. Oxynoe pellucidus, p. 53.
100. Gibbula biporcata, p. 67.
101. Pleurotoma tumida, p. 5.
102. Turritella punctulata, p. 39.

»”

Aclis tenuistriata, 28
Actzon albus, 51
solidulus, 52
suturalis, 52
Alcira elegans, 23
Alvania, 37, 38
Ancilla australis, 16
cinnamomea, 16
dimidiata, 17
fasciata, 16
marmorata, 16
obesa, 16
obtusa, 16
pura (jig. 15), 17
Ancillaria, 16, 17
Aplysia concaya, 53
maculata, 53
punctata, 53
Savignyana, 53
Arca acuminata, 65
cunealis, 65
imbricata, 65
Kraussi, 65
lactea, 65
mutabilis, 65
natalensis, 65
nivea, 65
obliquata, 65
scabra, 65
scapha, 66
syuamosa, 65
Argonauta argo, 1
Bottgeri, 1
Artemis, 60
Auriculina lucida, 37
Avicula capensis, 65

INDEX

Barbatia, 65
Bornea, 62
Brachiopoda, 67

Buccinum, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12,

13, 14
Balla ampulla, 52
Bulla, 52, 53
Bullia achatina, 11
annulata, 11
callosa, 11
digitalis, 11
diluta, 12
leevigata, 11
natalensis, 12
pura, 12
rhodostoma, 11
semiflammea, 11
semiusta, 11
sulcata, 11
tenuis, 1]
Bullina ziezac, 52
lauta, 52
lineata, 52
Bursa, ¥

Cecum glabrum, 38
Cullipara, 18

Calhostoma bicingulatum, 42

euglyptus, 42

Farquhari (fig. 42), 43

Faltoni ( fig. 43), 43
ornatum, 42
Callista, 59
Cancellaria foveolata, 34:
lamellosa, 35
semidisjuncta, 35

80 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Cardita concamerata, 62
elata (fig. 67), 63
variegata, 62

Carditella capensis, 63
rugosa (fig. 65), 63

Cardium asiaticum, 61
fasciatum, 61
lima, 61
natalense, 61
ringiculum, 61
semisulcatum, 61

Cassis achatina, 23
testiculus, 23
zeylanica, 23

Ceratisolen legumen, 55

Cerithidea decollata, 36

Cerithiopsis purpurea, 27
tubercularis, 27

Cerithium columna, 35
contractum, 35
echinatum, 35
foveolatum (fig. 27), 36
Kochii, 35
mediterraneum, 35
moniliferum, 35
obeliscus, 35
pingue, 35
teniatum, 35
tuberculatum, 85
vulgatum, 35

Chama gryphoides, 61

Chemnitzia, 26

Chiton capensis, 51
carmichaelis, 51
castaneus, 51
cyaneopunctatus, 51
Garnoti, 51
gigas, 50
indicus, 51
Macgillivrayi, 51
marginatus, 50
nigrovircscens, 51
oniscus, 5]
pertusus, 51
pollicaria, 51
pruinosus, 51
pustulatus, 51

Chiton solea, 51
textilis, 51
tigrinus, 51
tulipa, 50
Wahlbergi, 51
Watsoni, 51

Cingula, s. g., 38

Cingulina circinata, 27
acutilirata (fig. 32),

27

Circe pectinata, 59
Clanculus carinatus, 45
Laceyi (fig. 44), 45
puniceus, 45
Waltone (fig. 45), 45
Olavatula, s.g¢, 5
Olavus, 8. g., 5
Clionella, s. g., 5, 6
Collonia, s. g., 42
Columbella albuginosa, 21
algoensis (fig. 21), 22
bidammata, 22
capensis (jig. 20), 22
cerealis, 21
flava, 22
floccata, 22
Kraussi, 21
lactea, 22
mendicaria, 22
pulchella, 22
sagena, 21
turturina, 22
undata, 22
varians, 22
Cominella anglicana, 9
augusta (fig. 8), 10
capensis, 9
Delalandii, 10
Dankeri, 10
elongata, 11
glandiformis, 10
intincta, LO
lagenaria, 10
ligata, 10
limbosa, 10
papyracea, 10
poreata, 10

Cominella puncturata (fig.

9), 11

semisulcata (fig. 7), 10

sulcata (fig. 10), 11
tigrina, 11

unifasciata (fig. 11), 11

violacea, 10
Conus algnensis, 29

altispiratus, 30

aurora, 28

Bairstowi (fig. 33), 29

betulinus, 30
caffer, 29
conspersus, 30
Crotchii, 29
elongatus, 29
fulvus (fig. 34), 29
gilvus, 29
gradatulus, 30
hebreus, 29
infrenatus, 29
jaspideus, 29
Jautus, 29
lividus, 30
Loveni, 29
minimus, 30
mozambicus, 29
natalensis, 29
natalis, 29
nemocanus, 30
pictus, 29
rosaceus, 29
succinctus, 29
tessellatus, 30
textile, 30
tinianus, 28
turritus, 30
Verreauaxi, 80
Coralliophila, 4
Corbula cuneata, 55
truncata, 55
Crassatella acuminata, 62
crebrelirata, 62
subquadrata, 62
Crassispira, s. g., 5
Crepidula aculeata, 39
aspersa, 39

INDEX.

Crepidula hepatica, 39
lentiginosa, 39
rugulosa, 39

Creseis, 2

Crista, 59

Cultellus pellucidus, 54

Cuspidaria capensis, 55

Cyclostrema inflata, 45
plavulata, 46
rotundata, 45

Cylindrobulla fragilis, 53

Cy prea algoensis, 31
amphithales, 31
annulus, 32
arabica, 32
capensis, 31
caput-serpentis, 31
carneola, 32
caurica, 32
citrina, 32
costata, 34
cruenta, 31
edentula, 31
erosa, 52
felina, 32
fimbriata, 31
formosa, 34
fuscodentata, 31
helvola, 32
Tsabella, 33
Lamarckii, 32
Listeri, 33
lynx, 33
mauritiana, 32
moneta, 33
nebulosa, 33
neglecta, 32
ocellata, 33
oniscus, 34
ovula, 34
pellucidula, 34
similis, 31
staphy lea, 33
tabescens, 33
undata, 33
vesicularis, 34
vitellus, 33

81

82 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Cyprea ziezac, 33

Cytherea compressa, 58
dolabella, 58
hebreea, 59

Defrancia amplexa, 6
capensis, 6
Ponsonbyi, 7

Dentalinm Lessoni, 48

Demoulia abbreviata, 13
pyramidalis, 13
retusa, 13

Diala capensis, 27
dubia, 27
infrasulcata, 27

Divaricella, 61

Dolabella Rumphii, 53

Dolium Inteostoma, 23

Donax bipartitus, 58
elongatus, 58
exaratus, 58
Oweni, 58
semisulcatus, 58
serra, 58
sordidus, 58

Dosinia hepatica, 60
lamellata, 60
lincta, 60

Drillia, 4, 5

Eburna papillaris, 13

Bpidromus, 9

Erato sulcifera, 21

Brycina, 62

Eulima atlantica, 26
distorta, 26
Langleyi, 27
nitida, 26
solida, 26

Euthria fusco-tincta, 4
lineolata, 4
Ponsonbyi, 4
Simoniana, 4

Fasciolaria Heynemanni, 17
lugubris, 17

Felania subradiata, 62

Fissurella australis, 47

Fissurella caffra, 4:7
conoides, 47
cruciata, 47
dubia, 48
elevata, 4:7
fimbriata, 48
fumata, 48
incarnata, 47
mutabilis, 47
natalensis, 47
neglecta, 48
nubecula, 48
obtusa, 4:7
parvi-forata, 48
robusta, 48
rota, 48
seutella, 47
Sieboldi, 47

Fusus clausicaudatus, 3
robustior, 3
rubro-lineatus, 3

Gadinia afra, 49
costata, 49
Gastrana Abilgaardiana, 58
guinaica, 58
Gibbula armillata, 43
Benzi, 44
biporcata, 44, 67
capensis, 43
cicer, 43
granulosa, 43
Ludwigi, 44
miniata, 44
multicolor, 43
musiva, 43
Ponsonbyi, 44
Tosea, 43
Zeyheri, 43
Gomphina, s. gs., 60

Haliotis canaliculata, 46
Mide, 46
parva, 46
sanguinea, 46
Harpa crassa, 23
minor, 23

Helcion pectinatus, 49
Hemitapes, s, gs., 60
Hipponyx acutus, 40
australis, 40
granulatus, 40
pilosus, 40
Hyalza globulosa, 2
limbata, 2
tridentata, 2
truncata, 2
Hydatina physis, 52
Hyperotus, 54

Janthina exigna, 28
fragilis, 28
globosa, 28

Imbricaria, s. gs., 19

Kellia mactroides, 62
rotunda, 62
suborbicularis, 62

Kraussia capensis, 67
coguata, 67
Deshayesii, 67
natalensis, 67
pisum, 67
rubra, 67

Lamellaria perspicua, 23
Lasea australis, 62
seminulam, 62
Latiaxis nodosus, 16
Latirus Bairstowi, 17
incarnatus, 17
leucothea, 17
nassatulus, 17
Rousi, 17
Leucotina casta, 52
elongata, 52
Lima multicostata, 66
rotundata, 66
Limopsis Belcheri, 66
Liotia pulcherrima, 46
Littorina ahenea, 36
aspera, 36
decollata, 36
glabrata, 37

INDEX,

Littorina intermedia, 37
knysnaensis, 36
natalensis, 36
Newcombi, 37
punctata, 37
ziczac, 30

Lophocercus, 53

Loripes globosus, 61
lacteus, 61
leucoma, 61

Lucina columbella, 61
liratula, 61

Lutraria capensis, 56
elliptica, 56
intermedia, 56
oblonga, 56

Maconia, 8. gs., 57
Macrochisma producta, 48
Mactra Adansoni, 55
capensis, 55
decora, 55
senistriata, 55
Spengleri, 56
Mangilia clathrata, 7
costata, 7
costulata, 7
septangularis, 7
striolata, 7
Marginella albocincta, 19
Bairstowi, 19
biplicata, 21
bulbosa, 20
capensis, 20
chrysea, 20
crassilabrum, 21
cylindrica, 20
Dunkeri, 19
electrina, 21
epigrus, 20
floceata, 20
inconspicua, 20
Keeni, 20
Langlei, 19
lineata, 19
lineolata, 19
lutea, 19

84 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Marginella Metcalfei, 20
mosaica, 19
multizona, 21
neglecta, 20
nubecula, 20
ornata, 19
paxulus, 20
pellicula, 20
piperata, 19
Poucheti, 19
pyrum, 20
Reevei, 21
rosea, 21
Savignyi, 20
serpentina, 19
strigata, 19
villata, 19
Zeyher, 21
zonata, 20

Martesia falcata, 54

Melapium lineatum, 16
bulbus, 16

Meleagrina, s. gs., 65

Meroe ovyalis, 59

Metula marmorata, 4

Miralda erispa, 37

Mitra werumnosa, 19
capensis, 19
carbonacea, 19
eratitia, 18
limbifera, 19
latruncularia, 18
merula, 19
picta, 18
Schreoeteri, 19
simplex, 18

Mitromorpha volva, 7

Modiola auriculata, 64:
capensis, 64
cylindrica, 64
elegans, 64
lignea, 64
mucronata, 64
petagnae, 64

Modiolaria cwneata, 64
discors, 64
marmorata, 65

Monodonta australis, 44
obscura, 45

Montacuta capensis, 62

Mouretia, 49

Murex Babingtoni, 2
brevispina, 2
capensis, 3
Crawfordi, 2
Dunkeri, 2
Kieneri, 2
mitreformis, 3
purpuroides, 2
scrobiculatus, 2
uncinarius, 3
Wahlbergi, 3

Mytilicardia, 82

Mytilus afer, 64
capensis, 63
crenatus, 63
edulis, 64
magellanicns, 64
meridionalis, 64
perna, 64
variabilis, 64

Nassa arcularia, 12
bicallosa, 12
capensis, 12
coccinea, 12
coronata, 12
Crawfordi, 13
Kraussiana, 12
labiosa, 13
marginulata, 12
myristica, 12
plicatella, 12
plicosa, 12
pulchella, 12
serotina, 12
speciosa, 12
sulcifera, 13
trifasciata, 13
vinecta, 13

Natica didyma, 23
forata, 23
genuana, 23
imperforata, 23

Natica Lamarckiana, 23

mamilla, 23
marochiensis, 24
maroccana, 24
pygmma, 24
Simie, 23
Neera, 55
Neocardia gs., 63
angulata, 63
Nerita albicilla, 40
comma-notata, 40
exuvia, 40
Listeri, 40
plexa, 40
plicata, 40
polita, 40
quadricolor, 40
sanguinolenta, 40
umlassiana, 40
Nucula Belcheri, 66
nucleus, 66
pulchra, 66
radiata, 66
Nuculina ovalis, 66

Obeliscus sulcatus, 25
Ocinebra, 2
Odostomia lactea, 26
Angasi, 26
Oliva bulbosa, 16
capensis, 16
cerulea, 16
episcopalis, 16
inflata, 16
Ostrea algoensis, 66
australis, 67
cucullata, 67
iridescens, 66
prismatica, 66
rosacea, 67
rufa, 67
tuberculata, 67
Ovula aurantia, 34:
birostris, 34
carnea, 34:
spelta, 34
Oxynoe pellucidus, 53

INDEX.

Oxystele impervius, 42
indecorus, 42
merula, 42
niger, 42
sagittiferus, 42
tabularis, 42
Tamsi, 42
tigrinus, 42
variegatus, 42
zonatus, 42

Papyridea, 61
Parmophorus, 49
Patella afra, 49
Argenvillei, 49
badia, 50
barbara, 50
capensis, 50
cochlear, 49
compressa, 49
conspicua, 50
Dunkeri, 50
echinulata, 49
exarata, 50
Juscescens, 50
granatina, 49
granularis, 49
longicosta, 50
maculata, 50
miniata, 49
nigro-alba, 50
obtecta, 49
oculus, 50
pectinata, 49
plicata, 4)
pruinosa, 50
rustica, 49
Schreteri, 50
Safiana, 50
tabularis, 49
umbella, 49
variabilis, 49
Pecten capensis, 66, 89
limatula, 66
pusio, 66
sulcicostatus, 89

85

Pectunculina=Limopsis, 66

86 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Pectunculus arabicus, 66
< ineequalis, 66
Perna dentifera, 65
vulsella, 65
Peristernia, 17
Petricola cultellus, 61
Ponsonbyi, 61
robusta, 61
typica, 60
ventricosa, 61
Phasianella bicarinata, 41
capensis, 41
elongata, 41
Kochii, 41
neritina, 41
pullus, 41
tenuis, 41
Philine aperta, 53
Schreeteri, 53
Pholas dactylus, 54
falcatus, 54
Photinula, 42
Planaxis acutus, 37
sulcatus, 37
Pleurobranchus granulatus,53
Pleurotoma Bairstowi, 6
Borni, 6
buccinoides, 5
caffra, 6
castanea, 5
diversa, 6
fucata, 5
fulgurans, 4
Fultoni, 5
gravis, 5
Grayi, 4
hottentota, 5
Plenrotoma Kraussii, 6
nux, 5
platystoma, 5
rosaria, 6
Rousi, 5
rubinicolor, 5
semicostata, 6
sinuata, 5
sigillata, 6
stolida, 5

Pleurotoma subventricosa, 6
taxus, 5
tripartita, 6
tumida, 5
Wilkiz, 4
Plicatula australis, 66
Polydonta, 44:
Poropteron, 3
Psammobia vespertina, 56
Psammotella rosea, 56
Psammotellina capensis, 56
Pseudoliva ancilla, 15
Pseudomurex Meyendorffi, 16
Pupillia aperta, 48
Purpura bufo, 14
capensis, 14.
cataracta, 14
cingulata, 14
dubia, 10
lapillus, 14
luteostoma, 14
mancinella, 14
persica, 14
Purpura Rudolphi, 14
scobina, 14
squamosa, 13
succincta, 13
trigona, 14
vexillum, 14
Zeyheri, 14
Pyrula, 16
Pythina, 62

Ranella argus, 9
crumena, 9
granifera, 9
lamellosa, 9
leucostoma, 9
livida, 9
pusilla, 9
semigranosa, 9
siphonata, 9

Rapana, 16

Recluzia Montrouzieri, 28

Ricinula, 15

Ringicula australis, 25

Rissoa argentea, 38

Rissoa capensis, 38
fenestrata, 37
nigra, 38
pinne, 37

Rissoina elegantula, 37

Saxicava arctica, 55
australis, 55
rugosa, 55

Scalaria clathratula, 24
clathrus, 24
coronata, 24
fragilis, 24
fucata, 24
lactea, 24
psendosealaris, 24
replicata, 24

Scapharca, 65, 66

Schizodesma, 56

Scutum imbricatum, 49

Separatista Grayi, 16

Siliqua, 54

Siliquaria anguina, 39
obtusa, 39

Siphonalia mandarina, 4:

Siphonaria aspera, 53
albofasciata, 54
capensis, 53
concinna, 54
lineolata, 54
natalensis, 54
oculus, 54
venosa, 54

Siphonium, 39

Sistrum anaxares, 15
arachnoides, 15
asperum, 15
elatum, 15
fiscellum, 15
granulatum, 15
heptagonale, 15
lividum, 15
morus, 15
ochrostoma, 15
tuberculatum, 15

Solariella dilecta, 44
fusco-maculata, 44

INDEX. 87

Solariella undata, 44

Solarium cingulum, 28
cancellatum, 28
perspectiviunculum, 28
variegatum, 28

Solen Gouldi, 54
marginatus, 54
regularis, 54

Solen, 54, 55

Solidula, 52

Spirula Peroni, 1

Standella Solandri, 56

Stomatella articulata, 46
cancellata, 47
sulcifera, 46
sulcifera, 47

Strephopoma, 39

Strombus cylindricus, 30
floridus, 30
gibberulus, 30
mauritianus, 30
mutabilis, 80

Styliola recta, 2
aciculata, 2

Sunetta ovalis, 59

Syrnola aciculata, 25
capensis, 25

Tapes africanus, 60
corrugatus, 59
Cumingii, 60
dactyloides, 59
Deshayesi, 59
geographus, 59
Kochi, 60
Kraussi, 60
pauperculus, 59
pullastra, 59
rugosus, 59
textrix, 59

Teinostoma lucidum, 13

Tellina calcarea, 57
capsoides, 56
Crawfordi, 57
cumana, 57
fabula, 56

88 MARINE SHELLS OF SOUTH AFRICA.

Tellina littoralis, 57
Ludwigi, 57
natalensis, 56
orbicularis, 57
Ponsonbyi, 56
pristis, 56
rosea, 57
Rousi, 57
tenuis, 56
triangularis, 56
umbonella, 57

Terebra capensis, 24
cingulifera, 24
Grayi, 24
gracilis, 24
pertusa, 24
tiarella, 24

Terebratula, 67

Terebratulina abyssicola, 67
radiata, 67

Teredo gregata, 54

Thecalia, 62

Thracia capensis, 55
villosiuscula, 55

Thylacodes, 39

Tivela, 58

Tornatella, 51, 52

Tornatina soluta, 52
voluta, 52

Triforis carteretensis, 36
cingulatus, 36
perversus, 36

Triton africanus, 7
aquatilis, 8
australis, 8
cutaceus, 7, 8
doliarius, 8
exaratus, 8
fictilis, 8
Klenei, 8
labiosus, 8
nitidulus, 8
nodifer, 8
olearius, 8
pilearis, 8
rubecula, 8
saulie, 8

Triton succinctus, 8
vespaceus, 9

Tritonidea rubiginosa, 4
scabricostata, 4
undosa, 4

Trivia, 34

Trochita chinensis, 39
helicoidea, 39

Trochus nigropunctatus, 44

Trochus, 42-44

Trophon Wahlbergi, 3

Turbinella truncata, 17

Turbonilla argentea, 25
bifasciata, 26
candida, 26
castanea, 26
elegantissima, 26
fusca, 26
lactea, 26
leevicostata, 25
rufa, 26
scalaris, 26
tegulata, 25

Turbo armillatus, 43
cicer, 43
cidaris, 41
coronatus, 41
minutus, 42
musivus, 43
natalensis, 41
quantilla, 42
sanguineus, 42
sarmaticus, 41

Turritella bacillam, 38
capensis, 38
carinifera, 38
excavata, 38
Knysnaensis, 38
punctulata, 39

Typhis arcuatus, 3

Umbrella indica, 53

Venerupis Cordieri, 60
rugosa, 60

Venus africana, 60
Kochi, 60

INDEX. 89

Venus Layardi, 60 Vola, 66
undulosa, 60 Voluta abyssicola, 18
verrucosa, 60 africana, 18

Vermetus conicus, 39 bullata, 18
decussatus, 39 Volutilithes, 18
nebulosus, 39 Volvula rostrata, 52
tricuspis, 39

Vertagus, 35 Ziziphinus, 42

Vexilla, 15

ERRATUM.

P. 66. For Pecten capensis, Gray, read PECTEN (VOLA) SULCICOSTATUS,
Sowerby, pl. 5, figs. 97, 98, Thes. Conch., vol. i. p. 7, pl. xiii. figs. 35, 36:
Dunker, Novitates Conch., ‘Meeres Conchylien,’ p. 67, pl. xxiii. figs. 4-6 =
Pecten capensis, Gray (mss. in Brit. Mus.), Hab.: Natal coast (Dunker),
Cape of Good Hope (Brit. Mus ), Port Elizabeth. The shell figured plate v.
has been in the British Museum since 1837, named P. capensis, Gray, but
it does not appear that any description of it has ever been published under
that name. The specimen is very much larger than the original type, but
I have no doubt as to its identity.

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