MASSACHUSETTS DIVISION OF MARINE FISHERIES 1985 IVlassachusetts Lobster Fishery Statistics by Thomas B. Hoopes, Statistician Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement Division of Marine Fisheries Technical Series 20 A contribution of Conner ical Fisheries Research ans Development (P.L. 88-309) Proiect 3-371-D Publ icat ion#14530-21-310-8-12-86-C.R. Approved bv State Purchasing Agent irfmoDucTioN The commercial lobster fishery of Massachusetts is the most economically importar>t fishery conducted within the territorial waters of the Commonwealth. The overall economic importance of the fishery both in New England and, in recent years, the Mid-Atlantic states, has focused the attention of Federal, Regional and State fishery managers on this species. Initially, in an attempt to standardize management of the fishery, the Federal and State Governments developed an overall lobster fishery management plan under the auspices of the State-Federal Partnership Program. However, with the passage of the Fisheries Management and Conservation Act, the New England Fisheries Management Council, in cooperation with the Mid-At lant ic Council, has developed and implemented a management plan for the entire east coast lobster fishery. The basis and success of any such plan is an accurate statistical data base. The Commonweal th of Massachusetts, with joint funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service, has been collecting annual reports from licensed lobster fishermen for many years. Historically, the data collected was used primarily for descriptive and informational purposes, and occasionally for management. However, with the recent emphasis on Federal mar^gement, this data takes on added importance in terms of providing the respective management agencies with adequate information to ensure tfiat the Interests of Massachusetts' lobstermen are protected. During the period 1975 - 1980, the number of coastal commercial lobster permits was limited, by law, to 1300, with an additional 10 percent issued to proven hardship cases. In 1981, a statutory change provided for the establishment of a permanent waiting list from which 100 new permits were issued. In addition, 30 special additional permits were awarded to full time commercial fishermen who met certain criteria. In subsequent years 80 list permits and 20 special additional permits have been issued. Permits which are not renewed are retired. This report is the nineteenth annual publication of data summarized from catch reports submitted by licensed lobster fishermen. Data was presented in a standardized format through 1979. For the 1980 report, data presentation was changed to reflect a more thorough collection and evaluation of the data. The new presentation format is continued in this report. It is anticipated that this format will continue until such time as the Division implements computer processing of the data. -2- This report has been prepared by personnel from the Division of Mar me Fisher les Commercial Fisheries Statistics Project, funded jointly by the Commonwealth and the National Marine Fisheries Service under the Commercial Fisheries Research and Development Act (Public Law 88-309). The preparation of this report would not have been possible without the cooperation of the licensed lobstermen who provided the data on their annual reports. Special thanks also go to Constance Lytle for her help with preparation of the text. SOURCE OF DATA No person may fish for or take lobsters in coastal waters or land lobsters in the Commonwealth without a permit issued by the Director of the Division of Marine Fisheries (Chapter 130, Mass. G.L., Section 38). Chapter 130, Mass. G.L., Section 23, requires any person so licensed to file an annual report of their catch by January 31 for the preceding calendar year. In 1980, a dual reporting system was established. (Commercial lobstermen (coastal, offshore and seasonal) received a detailed catch report form with their license renewal application. This report requests the following information: method of fishing; number and type of gear used; effort data (set-over day, average number of trips per month, etc.); pounds of lobster taken; areas fished; principal ports of landing; and information relative to the vessels used in the fishery. Recreat ior^al fishermen are asked to report only the number of lobsters taken the previous year on their I i cense. renewal application form. Project personnel sort, edit, tabulate and interpret data from all reports received. Data presented in this booklet are based on catch reports actually received and are not expanded to 100 percent levels. EXPLANATION OF TABLES All data presented in this booklet are broken down into two basic categories: the first is "inshore" which represents all data pertaining to all lobster activity taking place within 69 degrees West Longitude and 41 degrees North Latitude; the "offshore" category refers to all data outside of the given coordinates. -3- Tables presenting number of fishermen by license type, number of pots fished, number and value of boats used in the fishery and total landings statewide, by county and for each city and town were prepared using the catch reports submitted by all commercial fishermen. In keeping with Division policy, some of the data is masked or combined to protect the confidentiality of the individual submitting the report. Data referring to the number of fishermen, number and value of gear, and number and value of boats are presented by the home port of the licensee filing the report. Pounds of lobsters harvested are presented by the port of landing reported by -the f ishermen. Where tabular materials refers to county, the reader is referred to Figure 3. Fishing areas are del ineated in Figure 2. Vessel artd SCUBA gear values were calculated on the basts of the fishermen's estimate of its present value and the percentage of its use specifically for lobstering. Average values were used when the information was omitted from an individual report. When fishermen reported the number of lobsters taken, rather than poundage, a conversion factor of 1.18 pounds per lobster was used to calculate poundage figures. This factor is based on historical data. 1985 HiGH.IGHTS 1. There were 13,982 lobster licenses of all types issued during 1985: 1,744 coastal commercial; 188 seasonal commercial; 673 offshore and 11,377 non-commercial. See Table 1. 2. A total of 3,704 licensed lobstermen ( 26 percent) failed to file a catch report with the Division. Of the 10,278 fishermen reporting, 1951 (19 percent) reported that they did not fish for lobsters during 1985. 3. A total of 14,560,107 pounds of lobsters were reported landed. Of these, recreational fishermen reported taking 357,024 pounds, whi le commercial fishermen reported taking 14,203,083 pounds. Based on a value of $2.47 per pound^, the commercial catch was valued at $35,081,615. -4- 4. Commercial fishermen comprised 23 percent of the total number of fishermen reporting and landed 98 percent of the total catch. 5. Non-commercial SCUBA divers represented 23 percent of the fishermen reporting, but landed only 0.4 percent of the total poundage. 6. In total pounds of lobsters landed Essex County ranked first, Plymouth County second and Suffolk County third. 7. In total numbers of commercial fishermen, Essex County ranked first with 675, Plymouth County second with 413, and Barnstable County third with 179. 8. In the commercial fishery, pots were valued at $13, 151,515^, diving gear at $91,088, and power and non-power boats at $39,955,482, yielding a total gear value of $53,198,085. Combined with the value of lobsters sold, $35,081,815, gives a total fishery value of $88,279,700. 9. Of the 14,203,803 pounds of lobsters landed commercially, 12,399,744 were reported taken inside of 89 degrees l/i/est and 41 degrees htorth, and of that number, 10.303,792 pounds were estimated to have been taken within the territorial waters of the Commonwealth. 10. More lobsters were landed in Boston, 1,454,523 pounds, than in any other Massachusetts port. Gloucester ranked second with 1,167,595 pounds followed by Plymouth with 1,078,835. See Table 12. 11. Landings by coastal commercial lobstermen rose steadily in the spring and early summer, peaked in July, August and September and then declined. The least amount of lobsters were landed in February and March. See Table 13. 12. According to coastal fishermen, the greatest number of lobsters taken inside 69 degrees West and 41 degrees North were from Boston Harbor (Area 4) fol lowed by Beverly — Salem — Marblehead (Area 3) and Cape Ann (Area 2). See Table 13. -5- 13. The average catch per trap haul for coastal fishermen was 0.649 pounds. For traps fished for one set-over day the average was 0.482; for those fished two days 0.627; and for three or more set-over days 0.719. See Figure 1 for a monthly breakdown within set-over days. ^Ex-vessel price determined by weighted averages of prices listed in the National Marine Fisheries Service '*Blue Sheet". 2Based on an average value of $32.50 per pot, including warp and buoys. -6- TABLE 1. Reporting Status of 1985 Lobster Licensees Licenses Issued Coastal Commercial ($200) 1,744 Seasonal Commercial ($ 50) 188 Offshore Commercial ($200) 673 Nnn-Cnmnitarr lal ($ 30) 11,377 Total 13,982 Reporting Status Type Not Reporting Reported "Not Fishing" Reported "Fishing" Coastal Commercial Seasonal Commercial Offshore Commercial To t al Commer c ial Non-Commercial Grand Total 27 ( 2%) 65 (35%) 159 (24%) 251 (10%) 3,453 (30%) 3,704 (26%) 349 (20%) 15 ( 8%) 347 (51%) 711 (27%) 1,240 (11%) 1,951 (14%) 1,368 (78%) 108 (57%) 167 (25%) 1,643 (63%) 6,684 (59%) 8,327 (60%) -7- o a: LU CO H- O en z m o ^ a. lij I- 3 < -i I UJ ^ 2 S < UJ — i < - X < a CO L^ o Z Ui — cr 3 >> < -J — lU < O CD => LU LU Q. CD > S t- 3 tr ^ < Q UJ z o < UJ Q. >- UJ en ro «^ CM CM CTs m m O en CO 00 r^ -* vO o so <■ r>. 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Pounds of lobsters landed by commercial fishermen (except seasonal) by city or town of landing in 1985. City/ Town Inside 69°W 41°N Outside 61°W 41°N Total Barnstable 30,198 484,240 514,438 Beverly 738, 955 738, 955 Boston " 1,399, 779 54,744 1,454, 523 Bourne 58, 311 58, 311 Chatham 136, 582 12,459 149, 041 Chilmark 131, ,930 30,736 162, 666 Cohasset 627 ,147 627, 147 Danvers 58, 137 58, 137 Dartmouth 12, ,911 12, 911 Dennis-Yarmouth 60, ,602 60, 602 Duxbury 43, ,261 43, 261 Eastham 47, 153 47, 153 Essex 43, ,335 43, 335 Fair haven 109, 907 241,470 351, 377 Falmouth 20, ,880 20, 880 Gloucester 1,087, ,515 80,080 1,167, 595 Gosnold 6, 476 6, 476 Harwich 158, ,905 9,459 168, 364 Hingham 426, 143 426, 143 Hull 244, 326 244, 326 Ipswich 56, 412 • 56, 412 Kingston 26, 354 26, 354 Lynn 324, 709 11,786 336, 495 Manchester 271, ,417 271, 417 Marblehead 647, ,865 2,174 650, ,039 Marshfield 691, ,412 140 691, 552 Mattapoisett- •Marion 51, 93i 3,377 55, 308 Nahant 393, 992 25,233 419 ,225 Nantucket 37, 090 56 37, 146 New Bedford 107, 102 63,333 170, ,435 Newburyport -Newbury- Rowley 84, ,647 84 ,647 Orleans 51, ,873 51 ,873 Plymouth 823, ,921 254,914 1,078 ,835 Province town 105, ,192 2,082 107 ,274 Quincy - 73, ,598 73 ,598 Revere 139, 055 139 ,055 Rockport 441 ,785 2,085 443 ,870 Salem 97 ,289 97 ,289 Salisbury 3 ,701 3 ,701 Sandwich 221 ,380 217,012 438 ,392 Saugus 689 ,622 689 ,622 Scituate 423 ,634 23,758 447 ,392 Swampscott 544 ► 143 544 ,143 Tisbury - Oak Bluff s-Edgar town 6 ,530 6 ,530 Ware ham 21 ,327 21 ,327 Wellfleet-Truro 20 ,162 20 ,162 Westport 258 ,388 284,201 542 ,589 Weymouth 96 ,001 96 ,001 Winthrop 221 ,347 221 ,347 Out-of-state 7 ,306 210,882 218 ,188 -18- TABLE 13. Massachusetts commercial lobster landings inside 69°W and 41*^N by month and area as reported by coastal commercial fishermen in 1985. Month Percent January 0.6 February 0.2 March 0.3 April 1.0 May 2.9 June 7.5 July 20.3 August 19.3 September 20.2 October 15.4 November 8.7 December 3.6 Area Percent 1 1.9 2 11.6 3 16.3 4 31.1 5 10.7 6 6.9 7 1.6 8 7.0 9 1.5 10 2.9 11 2.7 12 5.9 100.0 100.1* *Total does not equal 100 percent due to rounding of numbers Figure 1. 1985 Catch per unit of effort by set -over day for the Massachusetts coastal commercial lobster fishery. JAN SQD 1 r FEB MAR APR = set -over day MAY JUN MONTH T 1 1 OCT NOV DEC -19- LOBSTERING AREAS f Betwe«n Ar«as BOUNDARIES 1 i 2 Gssti* ^4«ck. Ipswich 2 & 3 Goldsmith Point. AAonchester 3 & 4 R«d Rock. Lynn 4 & 5 Tobias Ledg* (Spindle). Scituote 5 i 6 High Pin«s Ledg«. Plymouth 6 & 7 Scuss«tt B«ach. Sandvvich 7 & 3 Gnfftn Island. Weilfleet 8 & 9 9 i 10 Waqijoit Bay, Falmouth - Cap< M.V. . Musk^gmt Island 10 2 11 A^ass./R.l. Un« • Gay H«ad Note: Th« s«a>Mard bounder/ of Areas 1 through 7 is the 20 Fathom line. 13 Figure 2. Location and description of coastal lobster rishlaj areas in Massachxuetts. -20- COASTAL MAP of MASSACHUSETTS SHOWING STATISTICAL REPORTING AREAS (Counties) 1. Essex 2. Suffolk 3. Norfoik 4. P!ymouth 5. Bristol 6. Barnstable 7. Dukes 8. Nantucket Figure 3