MATERIALS
FOR A
FLORA
OF THE MALAYAN PENINSULA.
BY
GHORGE KING, M.B., LL.D. F.B.S,, C.1.5.,
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA.
THALAMIFLORAL.
(No. 1 yo 5 oF THE SERIES. )
BQUE
7A DE LA BIBLIOTHEQ
isles. Sega ANIQUE DE GENEVE
DU CONSERVATOIRE BOT
VENDU EN PRY ATOIRE
Pe A te! SEI SEE oN
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LIBRARY ‘eae
van ene
BOTANICAL meee sity (eis -* ee
DORN % 5 bes of bedi
CALCUTTA: -
PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS.
1889-1893.
PREFACE.
ols o
The following papers originally appeared in the Journal of the
Asiatie Society of Bengal. For the convenience of botanists interested
in the Flora of the region of which they treat, I had some spare copies
of each printed off as it appeared, with the pages of all continuously
numbered in the lower corner. As the whole of the Thalamifloral
orders (in the sense of the Genera Plantarwm of Messrs. Bentham and
Hooker) have now been finished, I think it may be an additional con-
venience to publish an index to the species described under these
orders. It will be observed that each page bears two numbers. The
one at the top of the page is that of the volume of the Journal in
which the paper originally appeared, and it is not noted in this index :
it may, however, be used by any writer quoting these papers. The
second number—the one at the bottom of the page—is the one used in
the index.
The dates of the original publication of the five papers which
cover the Thalamiflorx are as follows :—
No. 1 3rd July, 1889.
ogi sae Sth February, 1890.
saiese? Ist April, 1891.
» & 13th June, 1892.
le 7th June, 1893.
I may mention that the first paper contains no plants of the
Andaman or Nicobar Islands; for it was not part of my original
scheme to include, within the area treated of, any of the islands except
those which, like Penang and Singapore, lie close to the coasts of the
Peninsula. Subsequently, however, I decided, as a matter of conve-
nience, to include the Andaman and Nicobar groups, although the
Flora of the Andamans is in character more Burmese than Malayan.
I propose, as leisure permits, to continue the publication of these
papers in the Journal of the same Society; and, as cach great group is
finished, to supply an index of the species included in it.
In a Monograph of the Indo-Malayan species of Anonacee, publish-
ed in the Annals of the Botanic Garden, Calcutta since the paper
iV Preface.
ineluded in this volume was written, I have re-established Maingay’s
manuscript genus Grifithia; and to it I have referred, as proposed by
him, the plant here named Polyalthia maqnolixjlora, H. f. and Th.
It may also be useful to mention that, in the following pages, the
length given for a leaf is that of the blade only, the measurement of
the petiole being given separately; and that the breadth given for a
leaf is that of its broadest part.
Roya Boranic Garven, Catcurra,
September, 1893.
bebe ve es
=—@
The figures given in this index are those of the lower outer corners of the
pages of the text,
Abelmoschus moschatus, Moench.,
ABROMA, Jacq., 198
os angulata, Lamk., 198
7 augusta, Linn. fil., 198
2 fastuosum, Gaertn., 198
9 Wheelert, Retz, 198
ABUTILON, Gaertn., 151
+ asiaticum, W. and A., 151
ae indicum, G. Don, 151
Acronodia punctata, Bl., 248
AcROTREMA, Jack, 5, 7
i costatum, Jack, 7
154
a Wightianwm, W. and A., 8
AcTINIDIA, Lindl., 136
ag Miquelii, King, 136
ADINANDRA, Jack, 127
an acuminata, Korth., 128
Fe cyrtopoda, Miq., 128
s dumosa, Jack, 128
3 glabra, Miq., 128
A Hullettii, King, 131
3 integerrima, 7’. Anders., 130
Jackiana, Korth., 128
a macrantha, T. § B., 131
Ra maculosa, T. Anders., 129
- Miquelii, King, 132
a stylosa, Miq., 128
aa trichocoryna, Korth., 128
villosa, Choisy, 130
ALSODEIER, 43
ALSODEIA, Thouars, 44,
3 capillata, King, 51
+ cinerea, King, 47
9 + var. hirsutiflora, 48
ff comosa, King, 51
ks condensa, King, 49
be echinocarpa, Korth., 50
x floribunda, King, 50
i Hookeriana, King, 46
A Kunstleriana, King, 45
Pa lanceolata, Wall., 48
= Maingayi, H. f. §° Th., 46
“A membranacea, King, 46
3 pachyphylla, King, 52
» Scortechinii, King, 49
rh Wallichiana, H. f. & Th.,
44
Wrayi, King, 47
ALPHONSEA, H. f. & Th., 373
.3 Curtisii, King, 376
ALPHONSEA cylHindriea, King, 376
5. elliptica, H. f. & Th., 374
= lucida, King, 375
re Maingayi, H.f. §° Th., 374
subdehiscens, King, 375
Altylostylis, Hook. fil., 341
ANnaAmirtA, Miers., 21, 93
5 Loureiri, Pierre, 23
ANAXAGOREA, St. Hil., 316
ij fruticosa, Scheff., 317
Fe luzonensis, A. Gray, 317
i: Scortechinii, King, 317
x Sumatrana, Miq., 270
Zeylanica, H. f. & Th., 317
ANcISTROCLADUS, Wall, 429
* extensus, Wall., 429
var. pinan-
gianus, 429
pmangianus, Wall., 429
Ancistrolobus, Spach, 85
BS brevipes, Turez., 86
“f glaucescens, Turez , 86
on ligustrinus, Spach, 86
ANISOPTERA, Korth.
op Curtisii, Dyer, 392
nA odorata, Kurz, 393
ANNESLEA, Wall.
3 crassipes, Hook., 127
» var. obovata, 127
” ?
”
ANONACER, 250
Anonacea, Griff., t. 652, 323
Antheeischima excelsa, Korth., 143
ANTITAXIS, Miers, 22, 32
) lucida, Miers, 32
a fasciculata, Miers, 32
a5 calocarpa, Kurz, 32
Apoterium Sulatri, Bl., 116
ARCHYTAEA, Mart., 146
cf Vahlii, Choisy, 146
ArTABoTRys, R. Br., 279
os costatus, King, 286
es erassifolius, H.f. §° Th., 282
-{ gracilis, King, 284
oc grandifolius, King, 280
A Lowianus, Scort., 283
5 macrophyllus, King MSS.,
280
Malayana, Griff., 370
+ Maingayi, H. f. §° Th., 284
“5 oblongus, King, 282
6
Index.
ARTABOTRYS oxycarpus, King, 283
parviflora, Miq., 286
polygynus, Miq., 284
pleurocarpus, Maing., 281
Scortechinii, King, 281
speciosus, Kurz, 284
suaveolens, Bl., 285
venustus, King, 281
Wrayi, King, 286
Acanaa acuminata, Alef. 15
BALANOCARPUS, Bedd,, 422
Balan opter is
anomalus, King, 424
Curtisii, King, 423
Heimii, King, 425
Hemsleyanus, King, 426
maximus, King, 425
penangianus, King, 423
Tothila, Geertn., 189
Bamia betulifolia, Wall., 154
”
een Wall., 154
multiformis, Wall., 164
BARCLAYA, Hook. fil., 38, 34
longifolia, Hook. fil., 34
Mottleyi, Hook, jil., 34
Kunstleri,
op var.
King, 34
Bergsmia, Bl., 65
9
”
”
acuminata, Miq., 65
Javanica, Bl., 65
Sumatrana, Miq., 65
BerryA, Roxb., 217
”
Ammonilla, Roxb., 217
Binnindykia trichostylis, Kurz, 204
BIXINES, 53
Brxa, Linn., 54
, Orellana, Linn., 54
Bizagrewia Nicobarica, Kurz, 228
Bocagea elliptica, DC., 256
”
hevandra, Bl., 331
” pisocarpa, Bl., 3388
” polycarpa, Steud., 334
Bompax, L.,
?
157
ceiba, Burm., 158
festivum, Wall., 157
a insigne, Wall., 157
malabaricum, n0., 158
heptaphylla, Cav., 158
cf orientale, Spreng. , 159
pentandrum, L., 159
Bonga cananga, 283
Boscuia, Korth., 163
?
Griffithii, Mast., 164
BRowN Lowi, Roxb., 206
Kleinhovioidea, King, 206
lanceolata, Benth., 206
macrophylla, King, 208
Scortechinii, King, 207
BunrrNeRia, 167
BuetrNeria, Linn., 198
”
»
Andamanensis, Kurz, 202
aspera, Colebr., 201
BUETTNERIA Curtisii, Oliver, 199
”»
elliptica, Mast., 200
grandifolia, DC., 202
Jackiana, Wall., 201
Maingayi, Mast., 200
nepalensis, Turez., 202
uncinata, Mast., 200
CaLopuYLiuy, Linn., ‘112
a
CaMELtra : ? acuminata, Wall.,
avillaris, Wall., 129
”
amoenum, Wall., 116
Bintagor, Roxb., 118
Blumei, Wight, 118
canum, Hook. fil., 117
Curtisii, King, 116
cymosum, Miq., 116
Diepenhorstii, Miq., 116
floribundum, Hook., jil.,
115
Griffithii, T. Anders., 119
hirtellum, Miq., 116
Inophyllum, Linn., 118
Inophylloide, King, 118
Kunstleri, King, 114
macrocarpum, Hook, fil.,
119
microphyllum, T. Anders.,
1138
molle, King, 117
Moonii, Wight, 116
pulcherrimum, Wall., 114
» var. oblongifolia,
114
pisiferwm, Planch., 116
Prainianum, King, 115
retusum, Wall., 116
retusum, Hook. fil., 116
spectabile, Willd., 115
tetrapetalum, Roxb., 116
venustum, King, 120
Wallichianum, Planch. et
Triana, 119
Wightianwm, Wall., 119
140°
? Scottiana, Choisy, 128
Cananga, Aublet, 288
9
Rumph., 288
odorata, H.f. & Th., 290
monosperma, H.f. & Th. 289
290
sylvestris prima, Rumph., 288
5 secunda, Rumph., 288
5) tertia, Rumph., 288
virgata, H.f. & Th., 277
CANANGIUM, Baill., 288
»
”
CAPELLIA, 8
odoratum, Baill.,
Scortechinii, King, 291
290
CAPPARIDER, 35
Capparis, Linn., 36
”
”
conspicua, Wall., 38
cucurbitina, King, 39
Capparis Finlaysoniana, Wall., 39
Kunstleri, King, 40
+ Larutensis, King, 37
3 micracantha, DC , 38
pubiflora, DC., 38
Scortechinii, King, 38
sepiaria, Linn., 37
Ceiba pentandra, Geertn., 159
Chamzxbuwus venenosa, Hassk., 70
=: var. robusta, Miq., 70
Chartacalyx accrescens, Mast., 215
Chengah, 426
Chingi, 426
Chingal, 426
CissaMPELOs, Linn., 80
rf caapeba, Linn., 30
= convolvulacea, Willd., 30
- discolor, Ham., 30, 31
5s delicatula, Miers, 31
‘ diversa, Miers, 31
= elata, Miers, 31
= eriantha, Miers, 31
3 grallatoria, Miers, 31
Pe hernandifolia, Willd., 30
i hexandra, Roxb., 30
F hirsuta, Ham., 31
i mauritiana, Wall., 29
i orbiculata, Ham., 31
i Pereira, Linn., 30
subpeltata, Thw., 31
OLEMATIDER, 4
OLEMATIS, Linn., 4
5 cana, ’Wall., 4
s dentosa, Wall., 4
» glandulosa, Bl., 4
” Gouriana, Rowb., 4
A javana, DC., 4
3 Munroana, Wight, 4
5 smilacifolia, Wall., 4
ye smilacina, Bl., 5
subpeltata, Wall., +
Crome, Linn., 35
+ Hullettii, King, 36
Hh pentaphylla, Linn., 36
3 viscosa, Linn., 36
Ca@tostrGia, Benth., 165
Griffithii, Benth., 165
Clypea Burmanni, W. & A.., 31
» hernandifolia, W. & A., 30
CoccuLEa, 21
Coccutvus, Linn., 28
5 Blumeanus, Wall., 26
<3 coriaceus, Bl., 22
Se crispus, DC., 22
% incanus, Colebr., 29
= Kunstleri, King, 28
Fr oblongus, Wall., 26
a peltatus, DC., 31
F petiolaris, Wall., 22
a triandrus, Colebr., 26
4 velutinus, Wall , 27
Index. 7
Coccutus verrucosus, Wall., 22
Colbertia obovata, Bl., 11
ComMERSONIA, Forsk., 202
f echinata, Bl., 208
7 » var. B., 203
op Javensis, G. Don, 203
ee platyphylla, Andr., 202
Ooniscium, Colebr., 21, 25
+ Blumeanum, Miers, 25
- fenestratum, Colebr., 25
Ms Maingayi, Pierre, 25
i Wallichianum, Miers, 25
+ Wightianuwm, Miers, 25
CorcnHorvs, Linn., 226
Fe acutangulus, Lamk., 227
J aestuans ? Ham., 227
“A capsularis, Linn., 227
" decemangularis, Roxb., 227
3 fuscus, Roxb., 227
i Marua, Ham , 227
q olitorius, Linn., 227
Cratava, Linn., 41
. hygrophila, Kurz, 42
7 macrocarpa, Kurz, 41
“ magna, DC., 42
i membranifolia, Miq., 42
Nurvala, Ham., 43
Cratoxylon, B1., 85
Pr arborescens, Bl., 86
Fy, * var. ” Miquelii, 86
A coccineum, Planch., 86
3 cuneatum, Miq., 86
i formosum, Benth. 5° H.f., 87
polyanthum, Korth., 85
“ f var. ligustri-
num, B1., 86
“A or var. Wightii,
B1., 86
rf Maingayi, Dyer, 87
3 lanceolatum, Miq., 86
CyarHocaLyx, Champ., 277
‘ Maingayi, H. f. § Th., 278
virgatus, King, 277
OYATHOSTEMMA, Griff., 256
rT acuminatum, King, 259
af Hookeri, King, 259
oe Scortechinii, King, 258
es viridiflorum, Griff., 257
eg King, 258
Oycrra, Arn., 22, 3
my Arnottii, Micra 31
. Burmanni, Arn., 31
a barbata, Miers, 31
5) elegans, King, 31
a lawijlora, Miers, 31
5S peltata, Hf. § Th., 31
oy pendulina, Miers, 31
versicolor, Miers, 31
Davilla hirsuta, Teysm, and Binn., 6
Dammar Etam, 424
¥ laut, 411
8 Index.
Dammar laut dhan Lesor, 410
DELIMEA, 5
DeEuima, Linn., 5
» sarmentosa, Linn., 6
var glabra, 6
var hebecarpa, 6
» 2?
” ”
op laevis, Maing., 6
hebecarpa, DC., 6
5 intermedia, DC., 6
Delimopsis hirta, Miq., 6
Desmos cochin-chinensis, Lour., 293
9 chinensis, Lour., 294
DILLENIACES, 5
Dilleniacea (?) nervosa, 414
DILLENI®, 5
DiLentiA, Linn., 5, 10
55 aurea, Sm., 11
9 elliptica, Thunbg., 10
+. eximia, Miq., 12
=n grandifolia, Wall., 12
op indica, Linn., 10
“5 ovata, Wall., 10
* ornata, Wall., 11
“ reticulata, King, 11
Ay speciosa, APE 10
, 11
Diospyros § ? frondosa, Wail, 256
re serrata, Ham., 135
DIPTEROCARPER, 379
DIPTEROCARPUS, Gaertn. fil., 381
““ alatus, Rowb., 390
- angustifolius, W. Ff A,
391
a Blancoi, Bl., 387
* cornutus, Dyer, 385
of costatus, Gaertn. fil., 390
or crinitus, Dyer, 382
“f Dyeri, Pierre, 388
A fagineus, Vesque, 386,
391
% gracilis, Bl., 391
A Griffthii, Miq., 388, 391
is grandiflorus, Blanco, 387
iB grandiflorus, Griff., 389
Ay hirtus, Vesque, 383
m3 Hasseltii, Bl., 385
* incanus, Rorb., 389
55 indicus, Bedd., 384
a intricatus, Dyer, 391
Kerrii, King, 385
) Kunstleri, King, 388
levis, Ham., 384
3 lamellatus, H. f., 391
a Lemeslei, Vesque, 391
a Lowii, H. f., 391
= Motleyanus, H. f., 388
é oblongifolius, Bl., 387
“4 pilosus, Rowb., 391
5 prismaticus, Dyer, 386
7 pterygocalys, Scheff,
388
DIPTEROCARPUS retusus, Bl., 388
3 Scortechinii, King, 383
a Skin1eri, King, 383
op stenopterus, Vesque, 387
*f Tamparan, Korth., 383
is trinervis, Bl., 388
5 turbinatus, Gaertn. fil.,
384
of 5 var. Anda-
manica
384
Dipterospermae sp., 143
Discostigma rostratwm, Hassk., 92
DisrpaLum, Hook. fil., 318
“6 longipes, "King, 318
DREPANANTHUS, Maing., 287
is pruniferus, Maing., 287
+ ramiflorus, Maing., 288
= stenopetala, Scort. MSS.
368
Dulia Garjan, 385
Durio, Linn,, 159
» Lowianus, Scort., 160
», Malaccensis, Planch.,
» Oxleyanus, Griff., 163
» testitudinarum, Becc., 161
var. pinangiana,
162°
var. macrophyl-
la, 162
» Wrayi, King, 162
A Zibethanusg, L., 159
Eimocarevus, Linn. 229
160
» ”»
” 3
y Acronodia, Mast., 248, 249
op amygdalinus, Wall., 236
+s apiculatus, Mast., 244
tp aristatus, Roxb., 245
os aristatus, Wall., 236
cyanocarpa, Mast., 231
ay floribundus, Bl., 237
) Ganitrus, Roxb., 231
* glabrescens, Mast., 247
3 Griffithii, Mast., 240
“ grossa, Wall., 2388
A Helferi, Kurz, 236
a Hullettii, King, 241
a5 integra, Mast., 2389
a5 Jackianus, Wall., 246
ys Kunstleri, King, 242
Fy littoralis, Kurz, 2438
“A Lobbianus, Turez., 288
» Mastersii, King, 248
p monoceras, Cay., 243
”» nitidus, Jack, 236
” i var. leptostachya,
237
a oblonga, Wall., 236, 238
Fe obtusus, Blume, 243
e ovalifolius, Wall., 236
p Palembanica, Miq., 242
» paniculatus, Wall., 238
Index.
Evzxocarpus parvifolius, Wall., 232
*. pedunculatus, Wall., 241, 236
a petiolatus, Wall., 239
ie polystachyus, Wall., 246
of punctatus, King, 248
. punctatus, Wall., 249
Meh. robustus, Roxb., 235
f rugosus, Wall., 245
“i salicifolius, King, 234
“a Scortechinii, King, 233
- serratus, Wall., 236
£ serratus, Roxb., 238
- stipularis, Bl., 232
x oe var. latifolia,
King, 233
Wrayi, King, 233
ELLIPErA, H.f. Th., 273
= costata, ‘King, 275
S cuneifolia, Hf. §& Th., 274
glabra, H.f. § Th., 275
“fs leptopoda, King, 274
" nervosa, H.f. § Th., 276
7" pumila, King, 276
undulata, Scort. MSS., 805
Blodea formosa, Jack, 87
Epirhizanthes, Bl., 72
ERIODENDRON, DC., 158
“3 anfractuosum, DG., 158
orientale, Stend., 159
Erythr ochiton Wallichianum, Griff, 133
Erythropsis Rozburghiana, Schott & Endl.,
181
ERYTHROSPERMOM, 56:
Scortechinii, King, 56
Evrya, Thunbg., 135
i acuminata, DC., 135
F a var. euprista, Korth.,
135
i. + var. Wallichiana,
Steud., 186
ss acuminata, Royle, 136
A angustifolia, Wall., 135
+ bifaria, Wall., 136
ss chinensis, H.f. & Th., 186
ne fasciculata, Ham., 136
if cea var. b acuminata, Thw.,
1
f lucida, Wall., 1386
3 membranacea, Gardn., 136
vs multiflora, DC., 135
salicifolia, Bl., 136
3 serrata, Bl., 185
Wrayi, King, 136
EUSTERCULIA, Endl., 168
Euwormia, 9
Fagraea dubia, Wall., 133
FibravurgA, Lour., 21,24
% chloroleuca, Miers, 24
Firmania, Mars., 169
es colorata, R. Br., 181
sf colorata, var. B., 181
9
FLACOURTIA, 53
FLacourtia, Commers., 54
+ Cataphracta, Bl., 57
+ Cataphracta, Rozb., 57
or inermis, Rorb,, 57
a inermis, Wall.; 55
“ Jangomas, Gmel., 57
a0 Rukkam, Zoll. et Mor., 66
stigmarota, Wall., 55
GARCINEA, Linn, 88
es Eaten. Wall., 133
+ affinis, Wall., 94
” Andamanica, Kurz, 110
3 “a var. pubescens,
110
= Andersoni, Hook. fil., 109
9 atro-viridis, Griff., 99
FP bancana, Mig., 102
“ brevirostris, Scheff., 90
1) Cadelliana, King, 94
“ calycina, Kurz, 100
= Choisyana, Wall., 106
a cornea, Wall., 98
” costata, Hems/., 101
. Cowa, Rozxb., 103, 104:
te cuspidata, King, 92
p diversifolia, King, 93°:
of densiflora, King, 93
“ dulcis, Kurz, 109, 110
. dumosa, King, 107
e elliptica, Choisy, 110
or eugenicfolia, Wall., 90
as fascicularis, Wall , 98
» . Forbesii, King, 102
i: Griffithii, T. Anders , 101
Pa Hombroniana, Pierre, 95
Fr Hookeri, Pierre, 103
= Jelinekii, Kurz, 112
8 Kunstleri, King, 105
* Kurzii Pierre, 95
“3 Kydiana, Roxb., 104
i. leucandra, Pierre, 103
+ Lamponga, Miq., 103
3 Mangostana, Linn., 96
re Maingayi, Hook. fil., 98
s Fe var. stylosa, 98
a Malaccensis, Hook. fil., 98
A Merguensis, Wight, 90
- microstigma, Kurz, 97
rT nervosa, Mig., 109
+5 nigro-lineata, Planch.,; 104
9 opaca, Aing, 100
re parvifolia, Miq., 105
i Penangiana, Pierre, 97
5 Prainiana, King, 111
§. rostrata, Benth. §° H.f., 91
+ Rozburghii, Wight, 103,107
55 Scortechinii, King, 106
A speciosa, Wall., 94
ms uniflora, King, 107
rf urophylla, Scort., 107
10 Index.
GarcingEA Wrayi, King, 92
oP Xanthochymus, Hook. fil., 108
Ganitrus spherica, Gaertn., 231
Garjan 385
Glossospermum velutinwm, Wall., 197
rv ? cordatum, Wall., 197
GoNIOTHALAMUS, Blume., 319
Curtisii, King, 324
rs fulvus, King, 323
op giganteus,H.f. ¥ Th.,322
” Griffithii, Hf. § Th., 324
ae Kunstleri, King, 322
” nr var. macran-
tha, 322
macrophyllus, H.f § Th.,
825
malayanus, H.f. & Th.,
323
Prainianus, King, 321
var angus-
tip etala,
321
Ridleyi, King, 325
Scortechinii, King, 326
Blingerlandtii, Scheff.,
323
gsubevenius, King, 320
Tapis, Migq., 326
tenuifolius, King, 320
var. arbore-
scens, 321
uvariorides, King, 327
Wrayi, King, 327
Gorponta, Ellis, 142
acuminata, Wall., 129
anomala, Spreng., 129
» excelsa, Bl., 143
floribunda, Wall., 142
grandis, King, 143
imbricata, King, 144
Maingayi, Dyer, 144
multinervis, King, 145
oblata, Roxb., 142
reticulata, Wall., 180
Scortechinii, King, 144
Singaporiana, Wall., 143
Gossampina rubra, Ham., 158
Grewia, Linn., 217
afinia, Hassk., 220
antidesmefolia, King, 222
var. hirsuta, 222
Blwmei, Hassk., 220
calophylla, Kurs, 223
? caudata, Wall., 204
fibrocarpa, Mast., 220
globulifera, Mast., 221
heteroclita, Roxb., 204
latifolia, Mast., 221
laurifolia, Hook. fil., 228
Miqueliana, Kurz, 224
paniculata, Rowb., 219
” ”
GREWIA paniculata, Bl., 220
» paniculata, Wall., 220
» Umbellata, Roxb., 218
GUATTERIA, Ruiz & Pavon, 289
Guatteria biglandulosa, Bl., 349
- caudata, Wall., 367
At cinnamonea, Wall., 816
35 cordata, Dun., 266
+ elliptica, Bl., 314
ry fasciculata, Wall., 307
7 globosa, A. DC., 373
- hypoglauca, Miq., 302
, Jenkinsti, H.f. & Th., 806
AS lateriflora, Bl., 308
x macrophylla, Bl., 345
x micrantha, A. DC., 270
+; multinervis, Wall., 315
rr pallida, H.f. & Th., 346
: Parveana, Miq., 306
+ Pondok, Miq., 316
A) ramosissima, Wall., 341
simiarum, Ham., 307
sumatrana, Miq., 302
GurriFERa, 87
GyNANDROPSIS, DC., 36
rp afinis, B1., 36
pentaphylla, DC., 36
Habrelia ferruginea, H.f. & Th., 370
» oxyantha, H.f. & Th., 363
HELICTERIA, 167
HELIcTERES, L., 190
” angustifolia, L., 192
” Fi var. obtusa,
192
n chrysocalyx, Miq., 191
” hirsuta, Louwr., 191
» i var. oblonga, 191
» *, var. vestita, 191
bs hirsuta, Bl., 191
» hirsuta, DC., 192
7 Isora, L., 190
in lanceslate: DC., 192
7 spicata, Colebr., 191
virgata, Wall., 192
HERITIERA, Ait., 188
ns acuminata, Wall., 189
Fy littoralis, Dry., 188
“ Fomes, Wall., 189
macrophylla, Wall., 189
HERMANNIEA, 167
Heteropysis, Griff, 164
Hiziscvus, Linn., 153
» Abelmoschus, L., 153
» flavescens, Cav., 154
» floccosus, Mast., 155
» furcatus, Wall., 154
» longifoliws, Willd., 154
»» macrophyllus, Rowb., 154
» populneus, L., 157
»» populneoides, Roxb., 157
» pseudo-Abelmoschus, Bl., 164
Hisiscvus ricinifolius, Wall., 154
» setosus, Roxb., 155
» spathaceus, Wall., 154
» Surattensis, L., 154
» tiliaceus, L., 155
» tortuosus, Roxb., 155
vestitus, Griff., 156
Horr, Roxb., 415
» cernua, T. § B., 417
» Curtisii, King, 416
» Dryobalanoides, Miq., 417, 418
» faginea, Wall., 397
» grandiflora, Waill., 393
» gratissima, Wall., 407
= intermedia, King, 418
se Maranti, Miq., 413
» Mengarawan, Migq., 417
eS micrantha, H.f., 416
ae nervosa, King, 416
Singkawang, Miq., 415
Hyalostemma Roxburhiana, Wall., 373
Hypnocarpevs, Gaertn., 58
5 castanea, Hf. § Th., 58
F cucurbitina, King, 60
A Curtisii, King, 59
A heterophyllus, Bl., 62
a heterophyllus, Kurz, 64
+ nana, King, 58
Scortechinii, King, 60
Wrayi, King, 61
HyPEricenes, 85
Hypericum alternifoliwm, Vahl, 146
a arborescens, Vahl, 86
oe carnewm, Wall., 86
i coccinewm, Wall., 86
horridwm, Wall., ” 86
Hypserpa, Miers, 21, 27
nC triflora, Miers, 28
Ixuicrum, Linn., 13, 18
33 Cambodianum, Hance, 18
Inodaphnis lanceolata, Miq., 224
Tsauxis, W. & A., 419, 427
Tsora corylifolia, Wight, 191
IsoprEeRA, Scheff., 421
# borneesis, Scheff., 421
Isopteris penangiana, Wall., 74
Jankang, 418
Kanpsura, Kaempf., 18, 19
iF caulifiora, Bl., 19
a japonica, Wall., 20
+ lanceolata, King, 20
- pubescens, Miq., 137
oe Roxburghiana, Arn., 20
aa scandens, Bl., 19
Kayega, Wall., 120
» caudata, King, 123
» elegans, King, 123
» grandis, King, 122
. Kunstleri, King, 122
“r nervosa, T. Anders., 123
» Yracemosa, Planch. § Triana, 121
Index. ll
KayreA Wrayi, King, 121
Kinesronia, H.f. & Th., 377
nervosa, H, f. &§ Th., 377
KLEINHOVIA, Linn., 189
B Hospita, L., 189
Leontoglosswm scabrum, Hance, 6
Lepronycuia, Turez., 203
7 glabra, Turcz., 203
9 », var. Mastersiana, 204
Fi heteroclita, Kurz, 204
Limacgka, Lowr, 21,26
$y Amherstiana, Miers, 26
* distincta, Miers, 27
a Kunstleri, King, 27
” oblonga, Miers, 26
» triandra, Miers, 26
» velutina, Miers, 27
3 var glabrescens, 27
“F Wallichiana, Miers, 26
re inornata, Miers, 27
oe microphylla, Mig , 28
cuspidata, Hf. § Th., 28
Lonchomera leptopoda, H.f. & Th., 378
Ludia spinosa, Roxb., 65
MAGNOLIACES, 12
MAGNOLIA, 12
Maenozia, Linn , 13
Maingayi, King, 13
Malaut, 424,
MALvacem, 147
Malvaviscus populneus, Gaertn., 157
MANGLIETIA, B1., 13
9 Candollei, Wall., 17
7 glauca, BI., 14
ae Scortechinii, King, 14
Sebassa, Mig. . 14
Menocuta, Linn., 196
oF afinis, Wall., 196
i concatenata, Wall., 196
3 corchorifolia, L , 196
- paucifiora, Wall., 196
a supina, L., 196
+ truncata, Willd., 196
velutina, Bedd., 197
Mrtoporum, Dunal., 350
a pancanum, Scheff., 354
a cylindricum, Maing., 355
Pe elegans, H.f. 5° Th., 360
+ fulgens, Hf. §° Th., 353
e glaucum, Scort, MSS., 312
ns hypoglaucum, Migq., 355
pa Kentii, Hf. & Th., 361
me lanuginosum, H.f §Th., 357
v latifolium, Hf. / Th, 354
7 » var. typica, 355.
a » Var ovoidea, 355
FP litsezefolium, King, 352
a macranthum, Kwrz, 359
- Maingayi, Hf. § Th., 358
8 manubriatum, Hf. § Th.,
353
12 Index.
MELODORUM molissimum, Miq., 354
? monospermum, Kurz, 334
. parviflorum, Scheff., 356
7 pisocarpum, H.f. & Th., 361
+ prismaticum, Hf. 5
358
x pyramidanthe, Maing. MSS,
861
sphaerocarpum, Miq., 357
MrnisPERMACES, 21
Menispermum crispum, L., 22
* fenestratum, Gaertn., 25
“p orbiculatum, L., 31
= peltatum, Lam., 31
> triandrum, Roxb., 26
ss tuberculatum, Lam., 22
5 verrucosum, Roxb., 22
5 villosum, Roxb., 29
Mesuva, Linn., 124
* angustifolia, Thw., 125
+ coromandeliana, Wight, 124
3 ferrea, Linn., 124
3 lepidota, T. Anders., 125
op Nagana, Gardn., 125
5 pedunculata, Wight, 124
5 pulchella, Planch. et Triana, 124
55 Roxburghii, Wight, 124
. salicina, Planch. et Triana, 124,
125
of sclerophylla, Thw., 125
Ne Singaporense, Wall., 121, 122
a speciosa, Choisy, 124
Walkeriana, Planch. et Triana,
124
Mezzertia, Becc., 377
Ss Curtisii, King, 378
Herveyana, Oliver, 378
MIcHELIA, Linn., 13, 15
“ aurantiaca, Wall, 15
- Champaca, Linn., 15
ar Doldsopa, Ham., 15
“5 montana, Bl., 15
> pubinervia, Bl, 15
ms Rheedii, Wight, 15
rufinervis, DC., 15
Microcos tomentosa, Sm., 220
Mitivsa, Lesch., 372
Fr campanulata, Pierre, 378
a longipes, King, 373
2 macropoda, Migq., 373
oF mollis, Pierre, 373
H Roxburghiana, Hf. § Th., 372
a tristis, Kurz, 372
Ks Wallichianum, H.f. & Th., 372
MITREPHORA, BL., 335
He ewcelsa, H.f. & Th, 272
A macrophylla, Oliv., 336
ee Maingayi, Hf. § Th., 335
Bs » var. Kurzii, King, 336
5 Prainii, King, 337
9 reticulata, Hf. §° Th., 336
MirrePHoraA Teysmannii, Scheff., 335
a vandeflora, Kurz, 336
Mocanera grandifolia, Blanco., 388
Monocera ferruginea, Jack., 247
Ap Griffithii, Mull., 238
" Griffithii, Wight, 240
= holopetala, Zoll. et Mor., 240
rs triacantha, Griff., 240
petiolata, Jack, 239
Monocer as leucobotryum, Miq., 288
» obtusum, Hassk., 243
~ odontopetalum, Miq., 240
» petiolatum, Miq., 289
Monoon canangioides, Miq., 306
» lateriflorum, Miq., 808
» Sumatranum, Mig., 302
Myristica Finlaysoniana, Wall., 353
NARAVELIA, DC., 4
- laurifolia, Wall , 5
35 Finlaysoniana, Wall., 5
NeesiA, Blume, 164
5 Griffithii, Planch., 163
» Ssynandra, Mast., 165
NELUMBIEA, 33
NELUMBIUM, Juss., 33, 34
ay asiaticum, Rich., 35
speciosum, Willd., 35
NELUMBO, Smith, 35
5 indica, Poir., 35
_ mysticus, Salish., 35
NYMPH ACER, 32
NYMPHAES, 33
Nymperma, L., 33
* Edgeworthit, Lehm., 33
af Hookeriana, Lehm., 33
” Nelumbo, L., 35
s punctata, Edgew., 33
0 stellata, Willd., 33
f »» var. versicolor, 33
» var. parviflora, 33
> versicolor, Roxb., 33
Oleoxylon balsamiferum, Wall., 390
OroPHEA, Blume., 328
; acuminata, A. DC., 331
| anceps, Pierre, 335
“5 cuneiformis, King, 333
5 dodecandra, Miq., 333
enterocarpa, Maing., 331
» gracilis, King, 332
A hastata, King, 3382
Ns hexandra, Bl., 330
+ hirsuta, King, 330
93 Katschallica, Kurz, 329
* maculata, Scort., 331
.; polyearpa, A. DC., 334
i reticulata, Miq., 336
4) setosa, King, 329
undulata, Pierre, 335
Or thothectwm hirsutum, Hassk., 191
Javense, Hassk., 192
Oudemansia hirsuta, Miq., 191
Index. 13
Oudemansia integerrima, Miq., 192
Javensis, Hassk., 192
Oxycarpus Gangetica, Ham., 103
Oxymirra, Blume., 346
7 affinis, i. f. § Th., 347
4 bassiefolia, T. & B., 359
¥ biglandulosa, Schef., 349
= calycina, King, 348
+9) cuneiformis, Mig., 348, 349
‘ filipes, H.f. § Th., 348
glauca, H. f. §* Th., 850
Pachychlamys, Dyer, 401
PACHYGONES, 22
PacuyNnocarPus, Hook. fil., 427
ae Stapfianus, King, 428
+ Wallichii, King, 427
PANeIA, 53
PaNnGium, Reinw., 64
a edule, Reinw., 64
Paurartabotrys swmatrana, Miq., 364
Parashorea stellata, Kurz, 412
Parinarium dillenifolium, R. Br., 386
Paritium tiliacewm, A. Juss., 155
PentAck, Hassk., 208
35 Curtisii, King, 212
A eximia, Ktng, 212
= floribunda, King, 211
9 Griffithii, King, 213
+ Hookeriana, King, 210
“= Kunstleri, King, 210
macrophylla, King, 211
ae Perakensis, King, 210
ss Scortechinii, King, 213
y strychnoidea, King, 214
triptera, Mast., 209
PENTACME, A. DC., 399
3 malayana, King, 399
PENTALOBA, 48
Pentaloba macrophylla, Wall., 45
5 lanceolata, Arn., 48
Pereira medica, Lindl., 25
PERICAMPYLUS, Miers., 21, 29
a aduncus, Miers, 29
ss assamicus, Miers, 29
9 incanus, Miers, 29
membranaceus, Miers, 29
Petalandra micrantha, Hassk., 418
Petrocarya dillenifolia, Stend., 386
Puxantuus, H.f. & Th., 370
‘5 andamanicus, King, 371
93 dioicus, Kurz, 373
" lucidus, Oliver, 371
“3 nutans, Hf. § Th., 371
Phoberos acwminatus, Thw. 55
» Arnottianus, Thw. 55
re erenatus, W. & A., 55
lanceolatus, W. & A., 55
» Hookerianus, Thw., 55
» macrophyllus, W. & A., 55
» Rowburghii, Benn., 55
» ‘vhinanthera, Benn., 55
Phoberos Wightianus, W. & A., 55
Pierrea penangiana, Hiem MSS., 425
PiTrosPoRER, 68
Pirrosrorum, Banks, 68
ferrugineum, Ait., 69
Ploiarium elegans, Korth., 146
Polanisia icosandra, W. & A., 36
PoOLYALTHIA, Blume, 298
iy aberrans, Maing., 312
? Andamanica, Kurz, 302
- argentea, H.f. & Th., 346
“ Beccarii, King, 314
+ biglandulosa, Hf. & Th.,
349
7 bullata, King, 313
x cinnamonea, Hf. § Th.,
315
“ clavigera, King, 309
Pr congregata, King, 310
Ps cuneiformis, Blume, 348, 349
“4 dubia, Kurz, 345
+ dumosa, King, 301
ie fruticans, A. DC., 270
33 glomerata, King, 310
oF Hookeriana, King, 306
7 hypogeea, King, 311
3 hypoleuca, Hf. §° Th., 301
FS Jenkinsii, Bth. Sf Hf. 303,
305
a Kunstleri, King, 304
a lateriflora, King, 307
a lateriflora, Kurz, 307
+ macrantha, King, 303
of macropoda, King, 309
bi macrophylla, Bl., 325
3 macrophylla, H.f. & Th.,
345
a magnolizeflora, Maing., 303
“ obliqua, H.f. §° Th., 312
rh oblonga, King, 314
8 pachyphylla, King, 315
3 pulehra, King, 304
i pycnantha, King, 316
3 sclerophylla, H.f. §° Th., 308
a Scortechinii, King, 305
: simiarum, Bth. §° Hf. 307
4 var. parvifolia,
307
rr subcordata, B/., 313
F sumatrana, King, 302
» Teysmannil, King, 315
PoLyYGALE, 69
PoryeaLa, Linn. 70
5 brachystachya, BI., 71
“ buviformis, Hassk., 71
A chinensis, Linn. yar, brachy-
stachya, 71
a discolor, Ham. 71
x leptalea, DC. 71
* oligophylla, DC. 71
2 ? serpyllifolia, Poir, 71
14 Inder.
Potyeata, triphylla, Ham., 70
ee venenosa, Juss., 70
. telephioides, Willd., 71
Polyspora awillaris, Choisy, 129
PorowlA, Endl., 338
* afinis, Miq., 341
+ foetida, Maing., 342
= fusca, King, 343
; Helferi, H.f. §° Th., 342
;, Hookeri, King, 346
a Kurzii, King, 345
+ nervifolia, Maing., 344
nitida, King, 341
. nitida, Kurz, 346
Ry parvifolia, Kurz, 346
+ pauciflora, Maing., 341
5 Perakensis, King, 343
3 ramosissima, Hf. § Th., 341
ay rufula, Miq., 341
Fe tomentosa, Maing., 344
velutina, King, 343
PoRTULACES, 84,
Portulaca, Linn., 84,
- anceps, Rich., 85
+ laevis, Ham., 85
a geniculata, Royle, 85
a meridiana, Roxb., 85
a oleracea, Linn., 84
4 quadrifida, Linn., 85
suffruticosa, Thw., 85
PROSTHESIA, deb
= javanica, Bl. 47
Pseuduvaria reticulata, Miq., 336
Petrocymbium, R. Br. 170
Ps campanulatum, R. Br. 185
Javanicum, Pierre, 185
PTEROSPERMUM, Schreb., 192
= acerifolium, Zoll. et Mor.,
193
3 acerifolium, Mast., 195
A aceroides, Wall., 195
op Blumeanum, Korth., 193
7 cinnamoneum, Kurz, 194
> diversifolium, Bl., 193
35 Jackianum, Wall., 194
5 Javanicum, Jungh , 194
ny lancexfoliwm, Bl., 194
oblongum, Wall., ‘195
Pterygota, Endl., 169
op alata, R. Br., 183
is Roxburghu, Schott and Endl.,
183
Pyramidanthe rufa, Miq., 359
macrantha, Kurz, 366
PYRENARIA, Blume, 139
7 acuminata, Planch, 140
x Kunstleri, King, 140
ee Wrayi, King, 141
RANUNCULACEA, 3
RETINODENDRON, Korth., 419, 427
- bancanum, King, 421
RETINODENDRON, Kunstleri, King, 421
*> pallidum, King, 420
4 pauciflorum, Korth.,419
a Rassak, Korth, 419,
420
Scortechinii, King, 420
Rh aptomer is Burmanni, Miers, 31
Rhinostigma parvifoliwm, Miq., 105
Rhopalocarpus fruticosus, T. & B., 317
richetia penangiana, Heim, 424
Riedelia corchorifolia, DC., 196
» concatenata, DC., 196
» swpina, DC., 196
» truncata, W. & A., 196
Rowmia Jangomas, Spreng., 58
Roypsia, Roxb., 40
of parviflora, Griff., 40
> Scortechinii, King, 41
Ryparia, Bl., 64
. caesia, Bl. 68
Ryparosa, Bl., 64
5 caesia, Bl., 68
> fasciculata, King, 67
x Hullettii, King, 66
% Kunstleri, King, 67
An Kurzii, King, 65
op Scortechinii, King, 66
Wrayi, King, 66
SAGEREA, Dalz., 255
= elliptica, Hf. § T., 256
rf Hookeri, Pierre, 256
Salmalia malabarica, Schott, 158
Batomonta, Louwr., 71
5 aphylla, Griff., 72
; cantoniensis, Lowr., 72
Hl canarana, Hassk., 72
” Horneri, Hassk., 72
5) oblongifolia, DC., 72.
op obovata, Wight, 72
7p parasitica, Griff., 72
- rigida, Hassk., 72
5) setosa-ciliata, Hassk., 72.
ay sessiliflora, Ham., 72
ii sub-rotunda, Hassk., 72
3 stricta, Sieb. et Zucce., 72
4 tenella Hook. fil., 72
uncinata, Hassk., 72
Sarcopogon scandens, BL, 19
SavuRravusa, Willd., 137
y cauliflora, BL, 189
a5 ? Noronhiana, Bl., 188
5 nudiflora, DC., 138
p| tristyla, DC., 187
Scapha Candollei, Choisy, 138
» Pinangiana, Choisy, 138
Scaphiwm, Endl., 169
5 Wallichii, R. Br., 184
.. affine, Pierre, 184
ScuiMA, Reinw., 141
» erenata, Korth., 142
7 Noronhae, Reinw., 141,
Scurma Wallichii, Choisy, 131
ScuHourenia, Korth., 214
” glomerata, King, 216
si Kunstleri, King, 216
Mastersii, King, 215
Bcoxorta, Schreb., 54
acuminata, Clos, 55
chinensis, Clos, 55
crassipes, Clos, 55
crenata, Clos, 55
lanceolata, Clos, 55
pseudo-crenata, Clos, 55
rhinanthera, Clos, 54
Roxburghii, Clos, 55
saeva, Hance, 55
Securtpaca, Linn., 73
bracteata, Benn., 78
SuorkA, Roxb., 399
Sina, Linn.,
”
acuminata, Dyer, 405
astrosticta, Scort. MSS. 402
auriculata, Scort. MSS. 406
brachyptera, Heim, 415
bracteolata, Dyer, 409
ciliata, King, 410
costata, King, 411
Curtisii, Dyer, 403
disticha, Scort. MSS. 405
eximia, Dyer, 413, 427
foveolata, Scort. MSS. 409
glauca, King, 409
gratissima, Dyer, 407
Kunstleri, King, 408
lacunosa, Scheff., 404
leprosula, Dyer, 402, 427
macroptera, Dyer, 405
Maranti, Burck, 412
Martiniana, Schef., 415
Maxwelliana, King, 406
parvifolia, Dyer, 404, 408
pauciflora, King, 408
pinangiana, Wall., 397
Ridleyana, King, 407
scaberrima, Burck, 415
scutulata, King, 402
sericea, Dyer, 403
stellata, Dyer, 412
stenoptera, Burck, 415
sub-lacunosa, Scheff., 413
Talura, Rowb., 393
Thiseltoni, King, 414
utilis, King, 411
147
acuta, Burm., 149
althzéfolia, Sw., 151
asiatica, Linn., 151
Beloere, L’ Her., 152
canariensis, Willd., 150
carpinifolia, L., 149
chinensis, Retz, 150
compressa, Wall., 150
cordifolia, L., 150
Index.
Sip corynocarpa, Wall.,
cuneifolia, Roxb., 196
15
150
», Eteroomischos, Cav., 152
» Jasciculiflora, Miq., 149
» glutinosa, Roxb., 149
» herbacea, Cav., 151.
hirta, Wall., 149
» indica, L , 152
», lanceolata, Roxb.,
149
» micans, Cav., 151
» Mysorensis, W. § A., 149
» nervosa, Wall,
», olens, Ham.,
» orientalis, Cav.,
», philippica, DC.,
» populifolia, W. & A.,
149
149
150
150
152
», populifolia, G. Don, 152
» populifolia, DC., 152
» radicans, Cay., 149
» rhombifolia, L., 149
% var
» var.
7) owas
9) var.
3 Vas
1 scabrida. 150
2 retusa, 150
3 rhomboidea, 150
4 obovata, 150
5 microphylla, 150
» Yrhombifolia, Wall., 149
» rotundifolia, Cav., 151
» scoparia, Lour., 149
» Stauntoniana, DC., 149
» stipulata, Cav., 149
» tenax, Ham., 149
urtiewefolia, W. & A., 149
Spina spinarum, Rumph., 58
Stalagmites dulcis, Cambess. ., L1O
Stalagmites ? nervosa, Miq., 109
STELECHOCARPUS, Blume, 258
”
”
Burahol, H. f. § T, 254
nitidus, ‘Wiis 254
punctatus, King, 254
Stemoporus Wightii, Thw., 419
STEPHANIA, Lour., 21, 29
dindotors Hassk,, 30
hernandifolia, Walp., 30
hypoglauca, Miers, 30
intertexta, Miers, 30
latifolia, Miers, 30
STERCULIACER, 166.
STERCULIA, 167
SreRcuLia, Linn., 168
affinis, Must., 184
alata, Rowb., 182
angustifolia, Rowb., 177
angustifolia, Jack, 179, 180
angustifolia, Kurz, 179
armata, Mast., 171
Balanghas, L. var. glabres-
cens, Mast., 179
” var. mollis, Mast.,
178
bicolor, Mast., 176
campanulata, Wall., 185
16 Indes.
STERCULIA coccinia, Jack., 173
on coccinia, Wall., 183
a colorata, Rorb., 180
“p ensifolia, Must, 179
“5 fulgens, Wall., 181
Heynii, Bedd., 188
Pe hyposticta, Miq., 173
Jackiana, Wall., 179
“5 Kunstleri, King, 174
a laevis, Wall., 172
linearicarpa, Mast., 183
“ macrophylla, Vent., 172
33 Maingayi, Mast , 176
mollis, Wall., 178
5 mollis, Kurz, 179
ornata, Wall., 171
pallens, Wall., 182
3 parviflora, Roxb., 175
_ parviflora, Kurz, 179
nA parvifolia, Wall., 173
55 pubescens, Mast., 180
a rubiginosa, Vent., 178
var. glabrescens,
179
. seaphigera, Wall., 183
5 Scortechinii, King, 176
tubulata, Must., 185
5 villosa, Rowb., 170
Stigmarosa Jangomas, Lour., 58
Synaptea, Griff. 392, 394, 427
33 Dyeri, Pierre, 398
» faginea, Pierre, 397
aS grandiflora, Kurz, 393
55 odorata, Griff., 393
TALAUMA, Juss., 13, 16
is Andamanica, King, 16
BA Forbesii, King, 17
Re Kunstleri, King, 17
45 lanigera Hf. 5° Th., 16
os mutabilis, Bl., 17
ss Rabaniana, H.f. §* Th., 16
ay villosa, Miq., 16
TARAKTOGENOS, Hassk., 61
” ”
. Kunstleri, King, 62
os Kurzii, King, 63
ot Scortechinii, King, 62
5) F var. graci-
lipes, 62
+ tomentosa, King, 63
TARRIETIA, Blume, 186
3 Kunstleri, King, 188
3 Curtisii, King, 187
‘5 Perakensis, King, 186
& simplicifolia, Mast., 187.
Telia Garjan, 385
Terminalia moluccana, Wall., 245
TERNSTREMIACER, 125
TeRNsTREMIA, Linn., 132
- bilocularis, Roxb., 138
. coriacea, Scheff., 134
“4 ? coriacea, Wall., 129
_ 'TERNSTR@MIA dasyantha, Choisy, 130
7 ? dwmosa, Wall., 188
NS ? integerrima, Wall., 129,
130
oy penangiana, Choisy, 133
; macrocarpa, Scheff., 133
+5 Scortechinii, King, 153
. ? sericea, Wall., 131
Hy trilocularis, Roxb, 138
a pentapetala, Jack, 138
5 ? macrophylla, Wall., 140
TETRACERA, Linn., 5
x Assa, DC., 6
op Euryandra, Vahl., 6
vr grandis, King, 7
4 macrophylla, Wall., 7
* sarmentosa, Willd., 6
oC lucida, Wall., 7
TuEspgEsiA, Corr., 156
populnea, Corr., 156
TILIACE®, 205
Trnomiscium, Miers, 21, 23
An petiolare, Miers, 23
TINOSPOREA, 21
TinosporA, Miers, 21, 22
crispa, Miers, 22
uliginosa, Miers, 22
TRICHOSPERMUM, Blume, 227
>) Kurzii, King, 228
+ Javanicum, Bl., 228
Tridesmis, Spach, 86
Tridesmis formosa, Korth., 87
PA ochnoides, Spach, 87
TRIGONIASTRUM, Migq., 73
% hypoleucum, Miq., 73
TrRiIuMFeTTA, Linn, 224
+ angulata, Linn., 225
” Fr} var. acuminata,
Wall., 225
” annua, Linn., 226
+ Bartramia, Roxb., 225
5 glandulosa, Heyne, 225
a indica, Lam., 226
i indica, Ham., 226
“p oblonga, Wall., 226
* oblongata, Link, 225
%) ovata, DC., 226
es pilosa, Roth, 225
var. b. Thw., 225
var. a, Thw., 226
” ”
” ”
aA polycarpa, Wall., 225, 226
5 rhomboidea, Jacq., 225
3 tomentosa, Wall., 225
5 trichoclada, Link, 226
y trilocularis, Roxb., 225
- vestita, Wall., 225, 226
Trivalvaria, Miq., 346
Turrea trichostylis, Miq., 204
Unona, Linn., 291
» Amherstiana, A. DC., 29h
7 biglandulosa, Bl., 294
Index.
UNONA cauliflora, H. f. & Th., 315
»”
»
”
cochin-chinensis, A. DC., 293
cordifolia, Roxb., 294
crinita, H. f. §° Th., 297
Dasymaschala, B/., 296
rr var. Blumei, 296
Y 5, Wallichii, 296
desmmantha, H. f. §* Th., 297
Desmos, Dun., 293
discolor, Wall., 293
discolor, Vahl, 298
ey var. pubiflora, 294
FA var. laevigata, 294
var. pubescens, 294
5 var. latifolia, 294
dumosa, Rowrb., 294
Dunalii, Wall., 292
Dunalii, H. f. & Th., 294
fulva, Wall., 2938
grandiflora, DC., 266
latifolia, Dun., 354
Lessertiana, Wall., 294
leptopetala, Dun., 291
longiflora, Roxb., 295
macrophylla, Bl., 325
Mesnyi, Pierre, 313
odorata, Dun., 291
pedunculosa, Wall., 293
pedunculosa, A. DC., 293
pycnantha, Hook. fil , 316
Roxburghiana, Wall., 294
simiarum, Brongn., 307
sphaerocarpa, Bl., 357
stenopetala, H. f. §° Th., 298
suaveolens, Bl., 286
sub-cordata, Bl., 314
virgata, Bl., 278
Wrayi, Hemsl., 296
UreEnNA, Linn., 152
”
»
”
cana, Wall., 152
heterophylla, Sm., 153
lobata, L , 152
» var. 1 sinuata, 152
» var. 2 scabriuscula, 153
Lappago, DC., 153
morifolia, DC., 153
muricata, DC., 153
palmata, Roxb., 152
scabriuscula, Wall., 153
stnuata, L., 152
tomentosa, Bl., 152
tomentosa, Wall, 153
Uvaria, Linn., 260
»
”
”»
”
”
”
»
Andamanica, King, 270
astrosticta, Miq., 272
aurita, Bl., 264
axillaris, Roxb., 291
Burahol, Bl., 255
canangioides, Reichb. fil. & Zoll.,
306
Curtisii,‘King, 268
17
Uvaria dulcis, Dun., 263
”
elegans, Wall., 270, 860
elliptica, A. DC., 256
excelsa, Wall., 271
fulgens, Wall., 353
farcta, Wall., 291
gigantea, Wall., 32¢
grandiflora, Roxb, 266
grandiflora, Wall., 263
Hamiltonii, H.f. jv Th., 262
3 var. Kurzii, 263
heterocarpa, Bl., 272, 275
heteroclita, Roxb., 20
hirsuta, Jack, 267
jgavana, Dun., 264
Larep, Miq., 262
latifolia, Bl., 354
Lobbiana, H.f. §° Th., 264
longifolia, Bl., 354
mabiformis, Griff., 361
macrophylla, Rowvb., 265
manubriata, Wall., 354
micrantha, H.f. §’ Th., 270, 342
nutans, Wall., 371
obtusa, H.f. & Th., 335
odorata, Lamb , 290
ophthalmica, Roxb., 371
ovalifolia, B/., 266
oryantha, Wall., 363
parviflora, H. f. ¥ Th., 259
pauci-ovulata, H f. \ Th., 269
platypetala, Champ., 266
pilosa, Roxb., 267
purpurea, Bl., 266
_ var. tuberculata, 207
rhodantha, Hance, 266
Ridleyi, King, 268
rufa, Wall., 359
rufa, Bl, 272
rufescens, A. DC., 266
Scortechinii, King, 269
sub-repanda, Wall., 272
Sumatrana, Kurz, 270
timorensis, Mig., 272, 276
tomentosa, Wall., 358
trichomalla, Bl., 267
tripetala, Roxb., 371
velutina, Bl., 267
Vogelii, H. f. § Th., 339
zeylanica, L., 289
Vareca lanceolata, Roxb., 48
VATERIA Ceylonica, Wight, 419
»
»”»
”
indica, L., 419
lancezfolia, Ro«b., 419
Roxburghiana, Wight, 393, 419
Vartica, Linn., 392, 427
bancana, Scheff., 421
Bantamensis, Bth. §° H. f., 395
Chinensis, L., 393
cinerea, King, 396
Curtisii, King, 397
Vatica Dyeri, King, 398
”
eximia, Miq., 413
faginea, Dyer, 397
grandiflora, Dyer, 398
laccifera, W. & A., 393
Lowii, King, 395
Maingayi, Dyer, 396
nitens, King, 396
pallida, Dyer, 420
Perakensis, King, 395
reticulata, King, 398
Roxburghiana, Bl., 398
ruminata, Burck, 428
Scaphula, Rorb., 419
sub-lacunosa, Miq., 413
verrucosa, Burck, 428
Wallichit, Dyer, 428
VIOLACE®, 43
Vioua, Linn., 43
3)
”
>
pilosa, Bl., 44
serpens, Wall., 43
|
Wightiana, var. pubescens, Thw., |
44:
Visenia corchorifolia, Spreng., 196
”
concatenata, Spreng., 196
indica, Houtt., 197
Javanica, Jungh., 197
swpina, Spreng., 196
uwmbellata, Houtt., 197
Vismia ? arborescens, Choisy, 86
WatrtHeria, Linn., 197
Americana, L., 197
hae Cav., 197
indica, L , 197
Wormra, Rottb , 5, 8
apetala, Scort. MSS., 10
excelsa, H.f & Th, 8
Kunstleri, King, 10
meliosmefolia, King, 9
oblonga, Wall., 8
pulchella, Jack, 9
Scortechinii, King, 9
subsessilis, Miq., 8
suffruticosa, Grif, 8
Xanthochym us, 108
Xanthochymus ‘dulcis, Roxb., 110
Index.
Xanthochymus Javensis, B1., 110
7
pictorius, Roxb., 108
tinetorius, DC., 108
XANTHOPHYLLUM, Rozb., 74
affine, Korth, 82
Andamanicum,
76
bullatum, King, 82
Curtisii, King, 78
ellipticum, Korth., 80
eurhynchum, Migq., 77
glaucum, Wall., 76
Griffithii, Hook. fil., '76
Hookerianum, King, 79
insigne, Benn., 84
Kunstleri, King, 79
Maingayi, Hook. fil., 76
obscurum, Benn., 81
King,
palembanicum,
77
pulchrum, King, 81
rufum, Benn., 83
Scortechinii, King, 80,
146
stipitatum, Benn., 80
sulphureum, King, 83
venosum, King, 79
Wrayi, King, 78
Xywopra, Linn., 361
caudata, H.f. §° Th., 366
Curtisii, King, 365
dicarpa, Hf. §° Th., 363
elliptica, Maing., 366
ferruginea, H.f. § Th., 369
fusca, Maing., 365
magna, Maing., 369
Maingayi, Hf. § Th., 364
Malayana, Hf. §° Th., 364
obtusifolia, Hf. S§° Th., 368
olivacea, King, 368
oxyantha, Hf. § Th., 363
pustulata, Hf. S Th., 365
Ridleyi, King, 370
Scortechinii, King, 367
stenopetala, Oliver, 367
Miq.,
MATERIALS
FOR A
FLORA OF THE MALAYAN PENINSULA.
BY
GEORGE KING, K.C.1.E., M.B., LL.D., F.R.S.,
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA.
| [| Reprinted from the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LVIIT,
Part IT, No. 4, 1889. ]
Nos. 1 and 2.
SNe
LIBRARY
NEW YORK
BOTANICAL
GARDEN
CALCUTTA :
PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS.
1898.
AUG 7- 1923
Materials: fora Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 359
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsulo.—By Grorce
Kiyo, M. Bi, LL. D., FP. R. S., F. L. S., Superintendent of the Royal
Botanic Garden, Calcutta. LIBRAR'
{Received and read July 3rd, 1889.] BREW YOR
: ° . : BOTANICA
As the Caleutta Herbarium contains a rich collection of Malayan oe
i DEN
plants, I propose to publish from time to time a systematic account of
as many of them as are indigenous to British provinces, or to provinces
under British influence. In addition to the states on the mainland of
the Malayan Peninsula, these provinces include the islands of Singa-
pore and Penang, and the Nicobar and Andaman groups. The classi-
fication which I propose to follow is that of the late Mr. Bentham and
Sir Joseph Hooker. It is,unlikely that, with the scanty leisure at my
command, I shall be able, under several years, to complete even the
meagre account of the Flora of which the first instalment is now sub-
mitted. The orders will be taken up nearly in the sequence followed
in the Genera Plantarum of Bentham and Hooker, and in the Flora
of British India of the latter distinguished botanist. The natural orders
now submitted are Ranunculacee, Dilleniacece, Magnoliacee, Menisper-
mace, Nympheacee, Capparidee and Violarew. The order Anonacee
should have come between Magnoliacee and Menispermacee ; but, on
account of its extent and difficulty, I have been obliged to postpone its
elaboration pending the receipt of further herbarium material. It will
however, it is hoped, soon be taken up..
Orper I. RANUNCULACEA.
Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate or opposite.
Stipules 0, or adnate to the petiole, rarely free. Flowers regular or
irregular, 1-2-sexual. Sepals 5 or more, rarely 2 to 4, usually deciduous,
often petaloid, imbricate or valvate. Petals 0 or 4 or more, hypogynous,
imbricate, often minute or deformed. Stamens hypogynous; anthers
usually adnate and dehiscing laterally. Carpels usually many, free,
1-celled ; stigma simple ; ovule one or more, on the ventral suture, anatro-
pous, erect with a ventral, or pendulous with a dorsal raphe. Fruct of
numerous l-seeded achenes, or many-seeded follicles, rarely a berry.
Seed small, albumen copious; embryo minute. Distrib. Abundant
in temperate and cold regions: genera 30; known species about 310.*
* The above diagnosis of this order (copied from Sir Joseph Hooker's Flora of
British India) covers the entire order, which is usually sub-divided into five sub-
orders or tribes. Representatives of only one of these tribes (Clematidew) have
hitherto been discovered in the region under review. But, as exploration of the
central mountain ranges proceeds, plants belonging to one or two of the other tribes
3.
360 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
Tribe I. Clematidew. Climbing shrubs. Leaves opposite. Sepals
valvate, petaloid. Carpels 1-ovuled; ovule pendulous. Fruit of many
achenes.
Petals 0 sa as wes ... L. Clematis.
Petals many, linear aw ine ... 2. Naravelia.
1. Cxrematis, Linn,
Woody climbers. Leaves opposite, simple or compound, exstipulate,
Sepals 4 to 8, valvate. Petals 0. Stamens many. Carpels many,
with long tails. Ovule solitary, pendulous.—Distrib. Temperate climates ;
species about 100.
1. C. smizacirouia, Wall. in Asiat. Research. xiii, 414. Leaves
simple, (rarely pinnate) ovate, blunt, with broad sub-cordate bases, boldly
5-nerved, coriaceous, glabrous, entire or remotely serrate, 3 to 10 in. long
by 1:5 to5 in. broad; petioles nearly as long. Panicles axillary, few- ~
flowered, 6 to 12in. long. Flowers 1 to 1‘5in diam. Sepals 4 to 5, coriaceous,
oblong, reflexed, outside dull brown tomentose, inside purple. Filaments
linear, glabrous, the inner shorter with longer anthers. Achenes flat,
pubescent, with broad margins and long feathery tails. A tall glabrous
woody climber. DC. Prod., I., 10; Bot. Mag., t. 4259; H. f. et Th.
Fl. Ind., i, 6; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind., i, 3; Mig. Fl. Ind., Bat. I, Pt. ii,
p- 2. OC. sub-peltata, Wall,, Pl. As. Rar. I, t. 20. C. Munroana, Wight
IL, i, 5, t. 1. ? OC. glandulosa, B1., Bijdr. i, 1,
Penang, Curtis ; but probably occurring also in the Central Range
of mountains in the Malayan Peninsula.
2. ©. Gouriana, Roxb. FI. Ind. ii, 670. An extensive climber, the
young parts pubescent, adult glabrous. Leaves shortly petiolate, pinnate,
2-pinnate or 2-ternate, the leaflets shortly petiolulate, membranous, ovate
to ovate-lanceolate, 5-nerved, sometimes sub-cordate, entire or irregular-
ly dentate-serrate, 2 to3 in. long by ‘75 to 1°75 in. broad. Panicles many-
flowered, longer then the leaves ; flowers small (*3 to ‘5 in. in diam.) green-
ish-white. Achenes narrowly oblong, pubescent, emarginate, with long
silky tails. DC. Prod. i, 8; W. A. Prod. 2; Wight Ic. 933-4; H. f.
et Th. Fl. Ind. 8; Hook. FI. fil. Brit. Ind. i. 4; Mig. Ind. Fl. Bat. Vol.
I, Pt. 2, p. 4. C. cana and dentosa, Wall. Cat. OC. javana, DC. Prod. i, 7.
Not uncommon at low elevations in the Indo-Malayan region.
2. Naravewia, DC.
Climbing shrubs. Leaves 8-foliolate, terminal leaflet generally
transformed intoatendril. Sepals 4to5. Petals 6 to 12, narrow, longer
may be found. I therefore think it better to let the diagnosis stand, than to modify
it so as to include only the tribe Clematidee.
‘I
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 361
than the calyx. Achenes long-stipitate, with long-bearded style.—Distrib.
Two E. Asiatic species.
N. taurirouia, Wall. Cat. Young parts puberulous, adult glabrous.
Leaflets broadly ovate, shortly acuminate, entire, boldly 5-nerved, 4 to 6 in.
long by 2°5 to3in. broad. Panicles longer than the leaves, many-
flowered ; petals long, linear, whitish green. Achenes cylindric, glabrous,
with stont sericeous tails. Hook. fil. et Th.»Fl. Ind. i, 3. ; Hook. fil. Fl.
B. Ind.i, 7; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. ii, 2. N. Finlaysoniana, Wall.
Cat. 468 (with diseased fruit). Clematis similacina, Bl. Bijdr. i, 1.
Common throughout the whole Indo-Malayan region to the Philip-
pines.
Orver. IL DILLENIACEA.
Trees, shrubs or herbs, sometimes climbing. Leaves alternate, sim-
ple, entire or toothed (pinnatipartite in Acrotrema), exstipulate with
sheathing petioles, or more rarely with lateral deciduous stipules.
Flowers yellow or white, often showy. Sepals 5, imbricate, persistent.
Petals 5 (rarely 3 or 4) deciduous. Stamens many, hypogynous, many-
Seriate ; anthers innate, with lateral slits or terminal pores. Carpels
1 or more, free or cohering in the axis; styles always distinct; ovules
amphitropous, solitary or few ascending, or many and attached to
the ventral suture. Fruit follicular, or indehiscent and sub-baccate.
Seeds solitary or many, arillate, testa crustaceous, raphe short, albumen
fleshy ; embryo minute, next the hilum.—Distrib. Chiefly tropical ;
species about 210.
Tribe I. Delimee. Filaments thickened upwards; anthers short,
cells remote oblique.
Carpel solitary ... ies ose . L. Delima,
Carpels 2-5 han . 2. Tetracera.
Tribe II. Dilleniew. Wlaraanie not panes RS anthers
with parallel cells. ;
Carpels 3; stemless herbs; leaves all radical, large... 3. Acrotrema.
Carpels 5-20; seeds arillate ... ‘aie .. 4. Wormia.
Carpels 5-20; seeds not arillate Pee ... 0. Dillenia.
1. Detima, Linn.
Woody climbers. Leaves parallel-veined. Flowers many, in ter-
minal panicles, hermaphrodite, white. Sepals 5. Petals 2to 5. Stamens
many ; filaments dilated upwards, cells much diverging. Ovary soli-
tary, subglobose, narrowed into a subulate style ; ovules 2 to 3, ascending.
Follicles ovoid, coriaceous, 1-seeded. Seed with a cupular toothed aril.
5
362 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
1. -D. sarmentosa, ‘Linn. Leaves 3 .to 5 in., obovate, ovate or
broadly lanceolate, obtuse or acute, quite entire, serrate or crenate,
appressed pilose ; both surfaces ; scabrid ; nerves 9 to 11 pairs, straight,
ascending, prominent: length 2°5 to 35 in,, breadth 1 to 2 in, petiole
‘4 to ‘5 in. Flowers 4 to } in. in diam.; in tomentose or pilose spreading
panicles that are often leafy. Sepals reflexed. DC. Prod. 1.69; Wall.
Cat. 6632; Bot. Mag t. 3058; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. ii, 7; Hook.
Fl. Fl. B. Ind. I, 31. D. intermedia, Bl. Bijdr. Tetracera sarmentosa,
Willd.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 645, Leontoglossum scabrum, Hance in
Walp. Ann. ili. 812.
Var. 1. Guasra; fruit glabrous.
Var. 2. HeBEcARPA; fruit hairy. D. hebecarpa, DC. Prod. i, 70,
Deless. Ic. Sel. t. 72; Wall. Cat. 6633. D. intermedia, Blume. Davilla
hirsuta, Teysm. et Binn. Delimopsis, hirta, Miq.
2. D. Levis, Maingay MSS. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to narrowly
elliptic, acute, entire, the base cuneate or rounded; nerves 8 to 9 pairs,
ascending, prominent; upper surface smooth, shining, the lower pu-
berulous, neither of them scabrid, length 5 to 7°5 in., breadth 2 to 3°5
in.; petiole ‘8 in., broad. Flowers :5 in. in diam., in narrow tomentose
leafless panicles longer than the leaves. Sepals reflexed.
Malacca, Maingay No. 10. Collected only by the late Dr. Maingay.
2. Terrracera, Linn.
Climbing shrubs or trees, smooth, scabrid, or pubescent. Leaves
with parallel lateral veivs. Flowers in terminal or lateral panicles, her-
maphrodite or partiallyl-sexual. Sepals 4 to 6, spreading. Petals 4 to 6.
Stamens many, filaments dilated upwards, anther-cells distant. Carpels
3 to 5 ; ovules many, 2-seriate. F'ollicles coriaceous, shining. Seeds 1 to 5,
with a fimbriated or toothed aril.—Distrib. All tropical; species
about 25.
1. TT. Assa. DC. Prod. i. 68. Young branches striate, pubescent or
sub-strigose. Leaves 2 to 5 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, obscurely
sinuate or serrate, glabrous except the nerves beneath. Panicles axillary
and terminal, shorter than the leaves, few-flowered. oillicles several-
seeded. W.and A. Prod. 5; Hassk. Pl. Rar. Jav. 177; Hook. fil. and
Th Fi. Ind. i, 68; Hook. fil. Fl. B. Ind. I. 31; Miq Fl. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt, ii. 8.
Common throughout Indo-Malaya, at low elevations,
2. T. Euryanpra, Vahl. Symb. iii, 71. Young branches tomentose.
Leaves vigid, 3 to 4 in. long, oblong or obovate-oblong, entire or obscurely
sinuate, above glabrous except the midrib, below minutely tomentose
when young. Panicles terminal and axillary, shorter than the leaves,
6
Materials fora Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 363
few-flowered. Follicles several-seeded, DC. Prod. I, 68; Roxb. FI.
Ind. ii, 646; H. £. et Th. Fl. Ind. i, 63; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 32;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, pt. ii, 8. . lucida, Wall. Cat.
Straits Settlements, at low elevations. Distrib. Moluccas and New
Caledonia.
3. T. macropnyiia, Wall. Cat. 6628. Young branches pubescent.
Leaves broadly elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 5 to 7 in. long, margin sub-sin-
uate, scabrid on both surfaces. Panicle terminal, longer than the leaves,
many-flowevred. Sepals rotund, not ribbed. Follicles 1-seeded. Hook.
fil. et Th. Fl. Ind. I, 63; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 32; Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. Vol. 1. pt i, 8.
Straits Settlements, in tropical forests. Distrib. Sumatra.
4. T. aeanpis, King, n. sp. A large tree. Young branches and
inflorescence shortly velvety-tomentose. Leaves large, coriaceous, broad-
ly elliptic, rarely slightly obovate, the apex truncate and minutely
apiculate; the edges obscurely crenate or undulate toward the apex,
entire below, recurved wheu dry; the base rounded or slightly narrowed ;
upper surface scabrous, lower minutely tomentose; nerves stout, 14
pairs, straight, erecto-patent; length of blade 8 to 10 in., width 5:5;
petiole about 5 in., stout. Inflorescence in little-branched, lateral or ter-
minal, panicles a foot or more long, Flowers shortly pedunculate.
Sepals 5, broadly ovate, sub-acute, concave, ribbed and tomentose exter-
nally, *5 in. long. Petals about as long as the sepals but narrower,
glabrous. Anthers truncate, narrowed to the long slender filaments.
follicles with a slender curved beak.
Perak. Scortechini, No. 90d.
Said by Father Scortechini to he a very large tree.
3. AcrorreMA, Jack.
Perennial stemless herbs with woody rhizomes. Leaves large, par-
rallel-nerved, with sheathing deciduous stipules. Scape short, axillary,
bracteolate. Flowers large, yellow. Sepals 5, Petals 5. Stamens nu-
merous, in 3 bundles which alternate with the carpels ; filaments filiform,
anthers erect, with longitudinal porous dehiscence. Carpels 3, slightly co-
thering ; styles subulate, recurved, ovules 20r more. Fruit of 3 irregu-
larly dehiscing follicles. Seed with a membranous aril; the testa crus-
taceous, pitted.—Distrib. Ten species, of which 8 are endemic in Ceylon,
1 Peninsular-Indian, and 1 Indo-Malayan.
A. costatum, Jack in Mal. Misc. ex Hook. Mise. ii, 82. Whole
plant covered with stiff rufous or golden hairs, especially when young.
Leaves obovate, the margins dentate-ciliate ; the base narrowed, sagittate ;
upper surface strigose, often blotched with white, petiole short. Racemes
7
364 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
shorter than the leaves, 8 to 10-flowered, setose ; bracteoles minute, lanceo-
late. Flowers an inch in diam. Stamens about 15. Hook. fil. and Th.
Fl. Ind. i, 65; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 32; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. Vol. I,
Pt.ii, 10. A. Wightianwm, W. and A. Prod. 6; Wight Ill. t. 9.
Straits Settlements; in damp shady spots at olor of 500 to
2500 feet. Common.
4. Worms, Rottb,
T'rees, sometimes lofty ; or shrubs. Leaves broad, sub-coriaceous ;
lateral nerves many, strong, parallel; petioles usually with deciduous
stipular wings. Flowers large, in terminal racemes or panicles. Sepals
5. Petals 5. Stamens indefinite, in several series, nearly free ; anthers
linear, erect, cells opening by 2 pores. Carpels 5 to 10, scarcely cohering
in the axis; ovules numerous. Fruit of indebiscent or follicular 3- or
more-seeded carpels. Seeds with a fleshy aril. Distrib. Tropical Asia
and Australia, and one in Madagascar ; species about 9.
Sect. I. Capellia, Blume (genus). Inner row of stamens much
longer than the outer and arching over them.
1. W. surrroricosa, Griff. Notul, iv. 706;Ic. iv. t. 649,f.1. A
small tree. Young parts floccose. Leaves with short, broadly winged
petioles ; broadly elliptic or sub-obovate-elliptic, blunt or acute, dentate,
glabrous except the 12-20 pairs of nerves which are sparsely pilose be-
neath ; length of blade 7 to 9 in. ; breadth 4 to 5:5 in.; petiole ‘5 to
15 in. Racemes about as long as the leaves, leaf-opposed ; pedicels *5 to
lin. long. Flowers 3 to 4in. in diam., yellow. Sepals broadly ovate, nerved,
glabrous. Petals obovate, crenulate. Carpels 5 to 7, 3- to 5-seeded. Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 35. W. eacelsa, H. f. and Th. Fl. Ind. I, 67 (not of
Jack). W. subsessilis, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat., Suppl. i. 618; Ann. Mus. Lugd.
Bat. i. 315, t. 9.
Malacca, Singapore; extends to Sumatra, Banka, Borneo and pro-
bably to other islands of the Archipelago.
2. W.ostonaa, Wall. A tree. Young branchlets thin, sparsely
tomentose, the old glabrous. eaves rather distant, on moderate,
channelled (not winged) petioles, oblong to elliptic, acute at base and apex,
entire or distantly serrate or sub-serrate, nerves 9 to 12 pairs; length of
blade 6 to 8 in., breadth 3 to 3°5 in. ; petiole 1‘5 in. Cymes terminal or
leaf-opposed, few-flowered, shorter than the leaves, tomentose ; pedicels
about 1 in., thickened above, tomentose. Flowers 3 to 5 in. in diam. Sepals
ovate-rotund, tomentose externally. Petals obovate, entire, veined, yel-
low. Carpels8 to 10. H.f. & Th. Fl. Ind. i, 67 ; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind,
i,35; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. 1. pt. ii, p 11.
Straits Settlements, in more or less dense forest. Distrib. Sumatra.
8
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 365
Sect. II, Huwormia. Filaments all erect and nearly equal in
length.
3. W. puncHenta, Jack Mal. Mise, ex Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. I,
921. Ashrub. Young parts glabrous. Leaves on short narrowly winged
petioles, obovate or obovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, truncate or retuse,
sometimes mucronate, thickly coriaceous, glabrous ; nerves 5 to 7 pairs ;
length of blade 2°5 to4in., breadth 15 to 2°5in.; petiole "75 in. Flowers
solitary or in small cymes, axillary or terminal, 2 in. in diam, ; pedicels 2
in. long. Sepals broadly ovate, glabrous. Petals ovate. Carpels about
5. Seeds few, with pulpy arillus. H. f. and Th. Fl. Ind. I, 68; Hook,
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 36; Miq. Fl. Ind, Bat. Vol. I, Pt. ii, p. 11.
Perak and Malacca; at elevations under 1,000 feet. Distrib. Su-
matra.
4, W. MELIOSMzFOLIA, King, n. sp. A small tree, the young parts
and leaf-petioles softly fulvous-tomentose. Leaves crowded near the
apices of the branches, coriaceous, obovate-lanceolate to obovate-elliptic,
acute or acuminate, entire or minutely and remotely serrate, base
acute, glabrous above except the 14 to 18 pairs of spreading pubescent
nerves, under surface minutely tomentose ; length of blade 5 to 8 in.,
breadth 3 to 4 in., petiole about lin. Flowers about 3 in. in diam.,
axillary, solitary, on slender tomentose peduncles 2 in. long, or in few-
flowered linear-bracteolate cymes ; peduncles 1 in. long. Sepals ovate-
oblong, velvety-tomentose externally, glabrous internally. Petals ob-
lanceolate, pale yellow, veined, wavy. Stigmas about 12, linear, recurved.
Follicles with several compressed arillate seeds. Dillenia meliosmae-
folia, Hook. fil. & Th. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 36.
Malacca, Perak.
Originally described asa Dillenia by Sir Joseph Hooker who had
not seen the fruit.
5. W. Scortecurinu, King, n. sp.
with long or short often broad dorsal membranous connectival appen-
dages, the cells of the anthers sometimes with apical linear processes.
Ovury ovoid ; style straight, stigma terminal; ovules few or many. Cap-
sule 3-valved, few-seeded. Seeds glabrous in the E. Ind, species.—
Distrib. Species about 50, chiefly tropical American.
Sect. I. Prosthesia, Bl. (genus), Anthers with a subulate appen-
dage from the apex of each cell, and a broad (usually dorsal) appendage
from the connective.
1, A. Watuicarana, Hook. fil. and Th. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 187. A:
glabrous shrub, Leavesmembranous, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, shortly
acuminate, entire or slightly serrulate, the base rounded or slightly nar-
rowed ; nerves 10 to 15 pairs, arching, prominent, their axils beardless ;
length of blade 9 to 12 in., breadth 2°5 to 5 in., petiole ‘5 to 1°5 in. ; yel-
lowish when dry especially on the under surface ; stipules linear-lanceo-
late, glabrous, *75 in long. acemes shorter than the petioles, with
many deciduous linear bracteoles, Flowers 4 to 8, pedicellate. Perfect
male flowers ; sepals acute, erect, lanceolate, equal to or longer than the
petals. Petals oblong. Filaments short, attached to a 5-lobed fleshy
disc. Anthers ovate with a small apical process on each lobe in front,
and a single large orbicular hooded membranous appendage rising from
the dorsum. Pistils rudimentary, or none, Perfect female flowers ; sepals
spreading, ovate-acute, shorter than the petals. Petals erect, oblong,
obtuse, their apices recurved, Filaments longer than in the perfect
ma'e, the anthers without pollen. Ovary sessile, ovoid-conic, smooth ;
style cylindric. Fruit sub-globular, obtusely 3-angled, granular, ‘35 in.
long, dehiscing by 3 blunt valves. Seeds mottled.
Penang; Wallich. Perak; King’s Collector, Scortechini.
The flowers in this species are practically unisexual and apparently
4h
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 401
more frequently dicgcious than monoecious. In flowers where perfect
stamens occur the ovary is either absent or rudimentary; and in plants
with a well developed ovary the stamens, although in most cases per-
fectly formed, contain no pollen, These sexual differences are accom-
panied by slight differences in the leaves, those of the male plants
being oblong-lanceolate, narrowed to the base and serrulate, while those
with female flowers haye entire elliptic leaves with rounded or slightly
narrowed bases. Specimens of the former, collected in Penang, were
issued by Wallich as No. 4024 of his Catalogue under the name Penta-
loba macrophylla; while specimens of the female were issued as Nos. 7501
and 7513 (un-named, but with the notes by R. Brown). These notes are
as follows; on No. 7501, “ Urticeae habitu; arborescens ;” and, on No,
7513, “ Indeterminata fruticosa, decumb.; foliis alternis integerrimis,
coriaceis, impunctatis, glaberrimis, pedunculis axillaribus.”
Wallich was wrong in referring this plant to the genus Pentaloba
of Loureiro, for that author describes no appendages to its stamens.
It pong most certainly to the genus Prosthesia of Blume (Bijd. 866.)
2. A. Kunstnerrana, King, n. sp. A glabrous shrub or small tree ;
the branchlets striate, sometimes lenticellate. Leaves Se aaasindoien
oblong- lanceolate, acuminate or caudate-acuminate, sometimes minutely
and obscurely serrulate, very much narrowed to the base ; upper surface
smooth and shining; lower dull, rough from the numerous short trans-
verse secondary nerves and 14 to 16 pairs of prominent ascending main
nerves; the midrib bold and subrugose; the reticulations minute and
distinct; length of blade 6 to 10 in.; breadth 2°25 to 3 in; petiole ‘25
to ‘5 in. Stipules lanceolate, ‘25 in. long. Female flowers in axillary,
often crowded, fascicles or very short racemes of 3 to 8, bracteolate, the
pedicels longer than the leaf-petioles. Sepals ovate, obtuse, imbricate,
strongly nerved, the edges ciliate, shorter than the petals. Petals erect,
the tips not reflexed, ovate-acute, rigid. Stamens with short flat fila-
ments, each inserted into the apex of a lobe of the deeply 5-lobed disc.
Anthers (without pollen) broad, adpressed to the ovary, each with 2 linear
anterior and one large dorsally-attached halbert-shaped membranous
appendage, the latter conniving into a cone round the upper part of the
ovary. Ovary sessile, ovoid-conic ; the style exserted, cylindric, Capsules
ovoid, glabrous, shining, smooth, ‘5 in. long, dehiscing into three
narrow compressed pointed valves; seeds one in each valve, ovoid,
white, shining.
_ Singapore; Wallich, King’s Collector. Perak; Scortechini, King’s
Collector; at low elevations. This species is more often practically mono-
cious than A. Wallichiana, to which it is closely allied. It differs,
however, from that species in its much more acuminate rougher leaves,
and also in its capsules and seeds.
45
402 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
3. A. Marneayi, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 188. A small tree, glabrous
except the inflorescence. Leaves membranous, nearly sessile, elliptic,
acute or sub-acuminate, serrulate, the base rounded; main nerves 10 to
12 pairs, prominent below as are the transverse secondary nerves ; length
5 to 6 in., breadth 2°5 to 2°75 in., petiole ‘15 in. ; stipules lanceolate, *25 in.
long. Umbels axillary, solitary, on peduncles ‘5 in. long, 8- to 16-flowered ;
the bracteoles, small, ovate. Sepals imbricate, ovate-rotund, or broadly
ovate, obtuse, villous in the middle externally. Petals longer than the
sepals, ovate, concave, villous in the middle externally and with a villous
line along the midrib internally. Stamens with short, thick, densely
tomentose filaments inserted on a thick, sub-glabrous, fleshy disc; con-
nective tomentose behind. Anthers elongate-ovate, with 2 ovate
setose anterior, and 1 broad sub-terminal ovate, dorsal appendages.
Ovary sub-globular, style thick, both densely villous-tomentose. Capsule
ovoid, sparsely strigose, the valves acute. Seeds with a white spongy
caruncle,
Malacca, Griffith.
4, A.MemMBRANCEA, King,n.sp. A tree or shrub, the young branches
shortly pubescent or tomentose. Leaves thin when dry, obliquely
obovate-elliptic, shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, serrate, the
base narrowed, rather unequal-sided, both surfaces glabrous, except
the midrib and 6 to8 pairs of pubescent arching nerves, the reti-
culations wide; length 5 to 7 in., breadth 2:5 to 3in.; petiole pu-
bescent, ‘5 in. long; stipules subulate, pubescent, ‘2 in. long. Racemes
axillary, condensed, sessile, shorter than the petioles, few-flowered.
Sepals 5, unequal, the outer 2 rather smaller than the inner, all broadly
ovate-obtuse, pubescent externally. Petals 5, obovate-oblong, obtuse,
the margins ciliolate with a few adpressed hairs on the back. Stamens
5, glabrous, the filaments very short, rising froma fleshy 5-lobed disc.
Anthers broadly cordate or sub-reniform, with 2 small subulate processes
on the apices of the cells and a large dorsal, cordate-acuminate, brown,
membranous appendage as wide as the anther. Ovary sessile, ovoid,
villose; style cylindric, glabrous; stigma cup-shaped. Capsule ovoid,
glabrous, the valves in dehiscence blunt; seeds sub-globular with a
beaked caruncle.
Perak at low elevations. King’s Collector, Scortechini.
A shrub or small tree. This comes near 4. dasycaula, Miq. in
externals; but has fewer-nerved, more glabrous leaves.
5, A. Hooxeriana, King, n. sp. A small glabrous tree, the branch-
lets lenticellate. Leaves membranous, shining, shortly petiolate, elongate-
oblanceolate or lanceolate, apex shortly and rather bluntly acuminate,
entire or obscurely serrulate, gradually narrowed below the middle to
the base; nerves 7 to 9 pairs, arching, slightly prominent; length 5
46
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 403
to 8 in., breadth 1°5 to 2 in., petiole ‘25 in.; stipules ovate, only *] in.
long. Racemes axillary, and on the older branches from the axils of
fallen leaves, numerous, rather dense when young, afterwards sparse
and open, from ‘75 to 1°5 in. long, bracteoles linear, pedicels as long as
or longer than the flowers. Sepals ovate, equal, pubescent or glabrous.
Petals lanceolate with linear blunt apex, longer than the sepals, glabrous,
or pubescent along the midrib externally. Stamens glabrous, the filaments
as long as the rather deep disc. Anthers broadly ovate, the base cordate,
almost sub-reniform, the cells each with an apical point and with a broad
membranous ovate acute dorsal appendage wider than the anther. Ovary
sessile, pubescent ; the style cylindric, glabrous; the stigma cup-shaped,
truncate. Capsule ovoid, compressed, obtusely angled, glabrous, reticu-
late, ‘5 in. long; the valves unequal, obtuse, compressed, sub-falcate ; seeds
sub-globose, pale, minutely mottled at the apex, the base with a papillate
pitted caruncle.
Perak ; at low elevations, Scortechini, Wray, King’s Collector.
A tree from 20 to 30 feet in height; readily distinguished by its
open, comparatively long, racemes. This closely resembles Blume’s
Prosthesia Javanica.
6. A. Wrayt, King, n. sp. A sub-glabrous shrub, the branchlets
with pale brown puberulous bark, rarely lenticellate. Leaves membranous,
glabrous, shining, shortly petiolate, oblanceolate, shortly acuminate,
distinctly serrulate, narrowed to the base, length 3°5 to 45 rarely 6 to
7 in., breadth J to 2 in., petiole ‘1 to *2 in.; stipules linear, only ‘1 in.
long. Racemes very short, crowded, axillary or extra-axillary, ‘25 in.
long; bracteoles broadly ovate, pubescent. Sepals lanceolate, tomentose
externally. Petals oblong, obtuse, thickened and tomentose along the
midrib. Stamens from the inside of a disc which is as deep as the
filaments are long. Anther ovate-cordate, with a dorsal, ovate-acute,
membranous appendage as broad as itself, and a terminal apical process
on each cell. Ovary sessile, densely villous as is the base of the
cylindric style; stigma sub-capitate. Capsule minutely fulvous-velvety
when young, glabrous when old, ovoid with obtuse angles, 1:25 in.
or more long and ‘75 in. in diam.; the valves blunt, narrow. Seeds
ovoid, brown, mottled, with a sub-apical papillate pitted caruncle.
Perak ; at low elevations; Scortechini, Wray, King’s Collector.
A shrub 8 to 10 feet high. In respect of leaves very like
A, Hookeriana, but smaller. The very short racemes, more hairy flowers
and larger velvety capsules distinguish it, however, from that species,
7. A. cinerea, King, n. sp. A glabrous shrub or small tree, the
branchlets whitish, sparsely lenticellate. Leavesmembranous, elliptic-ovate
or lanceolate, sometimes oblanceolate, acuminate, narrowed at the base,
47
404 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
serrulate, pale when dry; nerves § to 10 pairs, slightly prominent below ;
length 4 to 6 in., breadth 1:5 to 2°5 in., petiole ‘2 to °4 in.; stipules
scarious, pale, ovate-acute, striate, puberulous, ‘25 in. long. Racemes
terminal, 4 to 6 in. long, bearing numerous 2- to 5-flowered cymules ; bracts
broadly ovate, scarious, concave, striate. Sepals ovate, ciliolate. Petals
oblong, obtuse, the apex undulate, erose or toothed, edges ciliolate. Sta-
mens from the edge of a deep fleshy disc; filaments very short, glabrous ;
anthers ovate, with a broadly ovate appendage from the middle of the
back curving over the apex, the cells divergent at the apex and each with
a@ subulate terminal appendage. Ovary sessile, glabrous, globose;
Style cylindric, with a few white adpressed hairs; stigma obliquely
truncate, cup-shaped. Capsules ovoid, bluntly angled, glabrous, reti-
culate, ‘75 in. long; valves blunt; seeds globose with an ovoid beaked
hilum, pale, smooth.
Perak, at low elevations. King’s Collector.
Var. hirsutiflora, King. Sepals tomentose externally; filaments
sparsely villous; disc small; the cymules larger and the bracteoles
longer and narrower than in the typical form.
Perak ; Changkat Jerin, L. Wray, junior.
The whole plant when dried has a characteristic grey colour, and
from this circumstance I have given its specific name.
Sect. II. Pentaloba. Anthers with a broad, usually terminal, ap-
pendage from the connective; but none from the cells.
8. A. LaNnceonata, Wall. (Pentaloba) Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind, i. 188.
All parts, except the inflorescence, quite glabrous; bark of the young
branches pale, Leaves shortly petiolate, elongate-lanceolate, bluntly
acuminate, the base much narrowed ; nerves 9 to 12 pairs, sub-erect ;
slightly curved, prominent especially below, secondary venation. trans-
verse ; length 5 to 8 in., breadth 1:25 to 1:75 in., petiole *2 in. Rucemes
about ‘5 in, long, 4- to 6-flowered, minutely bracteolate. Flowers on short
pubescent pedicels. Sepals ovate, obtuse, thick, pubescent, about half as
long as the petals. Petals lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely villous towards
the middle. Filaments as long as the anthers, slender, glabrous, rising
from a small glabrous disc; anthers linear-lanceolate with a single
lanceolate terminal appendage. Ovary rudimentary in many flowers,
sub-globose and, like the cylindric style, villous. Fruit sub-globose,
minutely pubescent, ‘35 in, long, valvesin dehiscence beaked. Oudem.
in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat iii. 68. Vareca lanceolata, Roxb. Fl. Ind,
i, 648. Pent. lanceolata, Arn. in Jard, Mag. Zoo. Bot, ii. 544.
Penang; Wallich, Stolickza, Curtis, King’s Collector.
A shrub 6 to 8 feet high; apparently confined to Penang. “This
species is much more frequently bealy hermaphrodite than some of
48
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 405
the others. The Sumatran species A. dasypyxis, Miq. comes very near
this, but has longer racemes and more hairy fruit.
In Alsodetu lanceolata, Wall. there is a transition from Pentaloba
to Prosthesia. Many of the specimens of A. lanceolata have the single
terminal lanceolate appendage from the apex of the connective; others
(Curtis’s Penang specimen) have this appendage ovate and broader,
while from the apex of each anther there is a rudimentary apical ap-
pendage, thas approaching Prosthesia. .
9. A Scorrecuint, King, n. sp. A small glabrous tree, the branch-
lets usually pale brown. Leaves membranous, shortly petiolate, obliquely
elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, shortly and bluntly acuminate, irregu-
larly serrulate ; main nerves about 12 or 13 pairs, rather bold; secondary
nerves transverse, slightly prominent below; length 7 to 9 in., breadth
2 to 3 in., petiole ‘2 in. Rucemes sessile, about “5 in. long, several toge-
ther, axillary or extra-axillary, about 3- to 5-flowered, with ovate bracteo-
les. Flowers pedicellate. Sepals puberulous, broadly ovate, much shorter
than the petals. Petals 5, oblanceolate, with long bluntly acuminate
exserted apices. Stamens glabrous, shorter than the petals ; the filaments
twice as long as the anthers, slender, rising from a deep, 5-lobed, slight-
ly-notched disc; the anthers short, ovate, with a single very small
terminal appendage; ovary sessile, globose, glabrous, warted; style
long, cylindric, glabrous or puberulous. Ripe capsule ovoid, pointed,
rather more than ‘5 in. long, glabrous, lenticellate; valves compressed,
pointed. Seeds 2 in each valve, sub-rotund, whitish, carunculate,
Perak ; King’s Collector, Scortechini, Wray ; at low elevations.
A large shrub or tree 20 to 25 feet high. Externally this much re-
sembles A. Mainguyi, but the flowers, and especially the anthers, differ
much.
10. A. conpensa, King, n. sp. A glabrous tree; the older branch-
lets pale, lenticellate. Leaves membranous, shortly petiolate, inequilateral,
elliptic to elliptic-oblong, sub-acute, serrulate, gradually narrowed below
the middle to the acute unequal base; shining above, darker and dull
beneath ; midrib and 13 to 15 pairs of prominent main nerves pale
beneath, and sub-erect secondary nerves transverse; length 8 to 14 in.,
breadth 3 to 4°5 in., petiole ‘25 to ‘35 in. ; stipules subulate, -35 to °5 in,
Panicles axillary, crowded, much branched, spreading, 1 to 2°5 in. long,
(longer in fruit) puberulous or glabrescent; the bracteoles numerous,
ovate, acute. Sepals unequal; the outer 2 or 3 larger, rotund ; the inner
8 or 2 ovate, pubescent on the back. Petals ovate, a little longer than
sepals, rhomboid, with pale edges, villous on the back externally and
along the midrib internally, Stamens glabrous, the filaments rather
short, from a fleshy disc; authers cordate, with a single terminal white
49
406 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
ovate membranous appendage. Ovary sessile, globose, glabrous. Style
cylindric; stigma cup-shaped. Capsule ovoid, pointed, glabrous, not
lenticellate ; valves compressed, pointed; seeds sub-globular, carunculate.
Perak, Scortechini, King’s Collector ; at low elevations.
A tree 30 to 40 feet high, approaching A, Scortechint in externals,
but with different flowers.
1l. A. FLoripunpa, King, n. sp. A shrub or tree, the young branches
minutely fulvous-tomentose. eaves membranous, shortly petiolate,
oblong-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, sometimes elliptic, acute or acumi-
nate, more or less obscurely serrulate ; the base rounded, rarely acute ;
upper surface glabrous except the pubescent midrib and nerves; under
surface minutely and softly tomentose, the midrib and 14 to 16 pairs
of rather straight nerves and the transverse secondary nerves promi-
ment; length 4°5 to 7 in., breadth 1°5 to 2°5 in., petiole ‘1 to °2 in.;
stipules lanceolate, pubescent on the midrib, ‘25 in. long. Cymes axil-
lary, on peduncles 1 to 1°5 in. long, much branched, dichotomous, spread-
ing, many-flowered; bracteoles oblong, obtuse, pubescent. Sepals
unequal, the outer 3 ovate-rotund, the inner 2 ovate, all obtuse and pubes-
cent. Petals ovate-oblong, obtuse, longer than the sepals, the apices
usually reflexed. Stamens from a deep, pilose, 10-lobed disc; filaments
expanded and pilose towards the apex, contracted and glabrous below ;
anthers elongate-ovate, with a single connectival ovate terminal ap-
pendage. Ovary sessile, villous, tomentose ; style cylindric, puberulous ;
stigma truncate, cup-shaped. Capsule ovoid, obtusely angled, adpressed-
pubescent, ‘35 in. long; the valves blunt; seeds sub-globose, angled;
caruncle long, narrow.
Perak, at low elevations; very common.
Distrib. Sumatra ; Lampongs, Forbes, 1719; ae Beccari. P.
S. 683.
Usually a tree, and sometimes attaining the height (fide Kunstler)
of 70 feet. But also, according to the same collector, found asa shrub
6 to 8 feet high, This is allied to the Burmese species A. mollis, H. f.
and Th., which however, besides having the anthers of a Prosthesia,
has much smaller cymes, and broader bracteoles and sepals.
12, A. ncutnocarPa, Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. II, 360, A small
tree, the young branches fulvous or ferruginous-tomentose. Leaves
membranous, shortly petiolate, obovate or ovate-elliptic, abruptly and
shortly ‘acuminate, boldly and unequally serrate, the base rounded or
narrowed; upper surface glabrous except the pubescent midrib and
nerves ; the lower softly pubescent, the midrib, 11 to 15 pairs of nerves
and transverse secondary nerves pale and prominent ; length 6°5 to 9 in.,
breadth 2'25 to 3°25 in., petiole ‘1 to 2 in. ; stipules ‘25 in, long, ovate
50
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 407
acute, pubescent, the margins scarious. Cymes axillary and extra-axil-
lary, sessile, condensed, 3- to 6-flowered; bracteoles lanceolate, keeled,
pubescent. Sepals slightly unequal, ovate, obtuse, ribbed, tomentose
externally, nearly as long as the petals. Petals oblong, obtuse, pubesvent
externally, glabrous internally. Stamens from a short glabrous disc ;
filaments longer than the anther, glabrous. Anthers narrowly ovate,
the base cordate, with a single small terminal white appendage. Ovary
sessile, densely villous, style sparsely villous; stigma truncate, cup-
shaped. Capsule when ripe from ] to 2 in. across, densely covered with
brownish, tomentose, branched, felted fibres ; valves compressed, blunt,
‘75 in. long; seeds sub-globose, compressed, smooth, the caruncle ovate.
Hook, fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 188; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2,116; Oudem.
Ann. Mus, Lugd. Bat. iii. 79; Mig. 1. ¢. iv. 216; Pl. Jungh. i. 122.
Singapore, Malacca, Perak, Penang, at low elevations. Distrib.
Samatra, Bangka.
Usually a small tree 20 to 30 feet high. Sometimes shrubby.
13. A. capruLata, King, n. sp. A small shrub, the young branches
rufous-tomentose. Leaves membranous, shortly petiolate, lanceolate,
acuminate both at apex and base, serrulate; upper surface glabrous
except the pubescent nerves and midrib; lower rufous-pubescent; the
_ nerves about 11] pairs, bold, as are the transverse veins; length 6 to 7 in.,
breadth 15 to 1°75 in, petiole ‘25 in. ; stipules lanceolate, pubescent ex-
ternally. lowers in small, sub-sessile, 3- to 5-flowered, axillary cymes.
Sepals narrowly oblong, obtuse, tomentose externally. Petals linear-
oblong, the apex sub-acuteand reflexed, hairy along the midrib externally.
Stamens alternating with the lobes of a deep, 5-lobed, glabrous disc; fila-
ments slender, glabrous, longer than the anthers. Anthers small, ovate,
each with an ovate acute small terminal appendage. Ovary sessile,
globular, villous ; style long, cylindric, sub-villous ; stigma truncate, cup-
shaped. Capsule ‘5 in. long, rusty-pubescent externally and densely
covered with unbranched, often hooked, soft, pubescent spines abont
‘5 in. long and not felted. Seeds ovoid, smooth, pale, with dark semi-
circumferential band and an oblong carunculus.
Laroot in Perak, King’s Collector No. 2462. A small bush 4 to
8 feet high. This comes near A. ‘echinocorpa and A. comosa, but differs
notably in its flowers and seeds.
Section III. Anther cells each with a terminal subulate appendage ;
no appendage from the connective.
14. A. comosa, King, n. sp. A shrub or small tree, the young
branches densely ferruginous-tomentose. Leaves membranous, sub-sessile,
oblong-oblanceolate, caudate-acuminate, serrulate, the base rounded ; upper
51
408 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
surface glabrous; the lower pubescent, especially on the prominent midrib
and 11 to 14 pairs of lateral nerves; length 5‘5 to 7°5 in., breadth 1°5 to
2°5 in., petiole ‘2 in.; stipules subulate, *3 in. long. Flowers in dense
axillary bracteolate glomeruli. Sepals ovate, obtuse, tomentose. Petals
lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent externally, and (like the sepals) with
an apical tuft of hairs, glabrous internally. Stamens from a short
minutely ‘toothed glabrous disc, the filaments shorter than the anthers ;
anthers narrowly ovate, each cell with a terminal apical seta, but with-
out any appendage from the connective. Ovary elongate, sparsely
villous; style pubescent; stigma truncate, cup-shaped. Capsule 5 in.
long, flocculent-tomentose, densely covered with unbranched, subulate,
soft, pubescent spines about ‘5 in. long, not felted. Seeds pale, ovoid,
smooth, with a sub-terminal papillate caruncle.
Perak, Wray No. 3299 and 1254; King’s Collector Nos. 406 and
554,
Species imperfectly known,
15. A. pacuycarpa, King, n. sp. Asmall tree; the young branches
pale, glabrous, sparsely lenticellate. Leaves membranous, oblong-lanceo-
late to elliptic-lanceolate, sub-acuminate, minutely and rather irregular-
ly serrulate, the base slightly narrowed; both surfaces glabrous, the
lower darker in colour; nerves 11 to 14 pairs, thin, but prominent be-
low; length 5 to’7 in., breadth 2 to 3 in., petiole ‘4 in. Sepals rotund,
pubescent, with thin glabrous edges. Capsules on short axillary branch-
es, usually solitary, about 1'25 in. long; the valves boat-shaped, com-
pressed, separating when ripe into two layers, the outer dark-coloured
and pubescent, the inner pale, smooth, cartilaginous, and bearing the
angular smooth carunculate seeds.
Perak ; King’s Collector No. 10235 ; Scortechini (without number).
A tree 20 to 25 feet high. Fresh flowers being unknown, the sec-
tion of the genus to which this belongs cannot be determined. The
capsules, however, show that it is a distinct species.
In addition to the foregoing, there are in the Calcutta Herbarium
specimens of what appear to be five distinct species of this genus. The
materials are, however, insufficient for accurate determination.
52
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 113
Orper IX. BIXINEA.
Trees or shrubs with alternate minutely stipulate or exstipulate
leaves. Flowers regular, 1-2-sexual. Sepals 4 or 5 (rarely 2 to 6)
imbricate, free, or connate and bursting irregularly, usually deciduous.
Petals 4 or 5, or absent, imbricate or contorted, deciduous, often with
basal scales, Stamens hypogynous or sub-perigynous, (united into a
column in Ryparosa); anthers 2-celled with porous or longitudinal
dehiscence. Disc thick, often glandular. Ovary free, usually 1-celled,
the placentas parietal. Stylesand stigmas free or united. Fruit dry with
valvular dehiscence, the seeds along the middle of the valves; or fleshy
and indehiscent. Seeds arillate, albumen fleshy, embryo axile, straight
or curved; cotyledons foliaceous. Distrib. Chiefly tropical; genera 30;
species about 170.
Tribe I. Bizinee. Petals broad, contorted, without
basal scales ; anthers elongate, opening by termi-
nal pores or short slits.
Capsule with parietal placentas, 2-valved,
softly muricate ... oA aes Ll. Biga.
Tribe II. Flacourtie. Petals small and imbricate,
or absent. Anthers short, opening by slits.
Flowers hermaphrodite ; rans 4 to 6.
Stamens numerous . 2. Scolopia.
ps. 5 or 6 = ... 38. Hrythrospermum.
Flowers diccious ; petals 0.
Ovary 2- to 8-celled ee w. 4. Flacourtia.
Tribe IIT. Pangiew. Flowers dicecious, petals with
an adnate basal scale or appendage; fruit large,
indehiscent.
Sepals free.
Sepals 5, imbricate. Petals 5. Stamens
5to8. Stigmas3to6 ... ... 5. Hydnocarpus.
Sepals 4. Petals 8, in 2 rows; Stamens
20 to 30. Stigma I ies .- 6. Taraktogonos.
53
114 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. yf
Sepals combined into a cup, its mouth entire
at first, but irregularly toothed on expan-
sion.
Flowers large; stamens numerous, free 7. Pangium.
Flowers small; stamens united in a
column bearing 5 anthers ... 8. Ryparosa.
1. Bixa, dion:
A tree. Leaves simple; stipules minute. Flowers in terminal
pan 2-sexual. Sepals 5, imbricate, deciduous. Petals 5, contorted
in bud. Anthers opening by 2 terminal pores. Ovary 1-celled; style
slender, curved, stigma notched ; ovules many, on 2 parietal placentas.
Capsule loculicidally 2-valved, placentas on the valves. Seeds many,
funicle thick, testa pulpy ; alvumen fleshy ; embryo large, cotyledons flat.
1. B. Orexiana, Linn. A small tree. Leaves cordate, acuminate,
glabrous; length 5 to 7 in., breadth 3 to 5 in, petiole 1°65 to 2:5.
Flowers in short terminal branched cymes, 2 in. in diam., purple or
white. Capsule compressed-ovoid, softly prickly, 1-5 in. long; see/s co-
vered with coloured pulp. BI. Bijdr. 55; Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 31; Mig.
Fi. Ind. Bat. I, Pt: 2, p..107; Hook. fil. WI. Br. Ind. I, 190.
Cultivated widely in the tropics ou account of the dye (Arnatto)
yielded by the testa of its seeds.
2. Sconopra, Schreber.
Trees, spinous in India, spines often compound. Leaves alternate,
entire; stipules minute or 0. Flowers small, racemed, axillary, 2-sexual.
Sepals 4-6, slightly imbricate in bud, Petals 4-6, subsimilar, imbricate
in bud. Stamens many with a row of glands outside them; anthers
ovoid, opening by slits, connective. produced into a terminal appendage.
Ovary 1-celled; style erect, stigma entire or lobed; ovules few, on 3 or 4
parietal placentas. Berry 2-4-seeded. Seeds with long funicles, testa
hard ; cotyledons foliaceous.—Distrib. Species about 15; Australian,
Asiatic, and African.
S. nuinanTHERA, Clos in Aun. Se. Nat. Ser. LV, Vol. 8, p. 252. A
tree ; young branches puberulous. Leaves sub-coriaceous, ovate-lauceolate
to lanceolate, shortly acuminate, obscurely and minutely glandular-tooth-
ed, the base usually rounded, glabrous, shining ; nerves about 7 pairs,
faint ; length 3°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1:75 in. to 2°5; petiole biglandular at
the apex, ‘35 long. Iucemes axillary and terminal, pubescent, bracteolate,
3-4 in., long. Flowers on tomentose bracteolate pedicels. Sepals 4, ovate-
lanceolate, tomentose externally. Petals 4, larger than the sepals, rotund,
54
Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 115
tomentose on the edges and along midrib. Stamens indefinite, connective
glabrous. Ovary cylindric. Stigma hemispheric, Fruit pisiform, 2-6-
seeded. Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 190; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 2,107,
Phoberos rhinanthera, Benn. Pl. Jay. Rar. 187, t. 39. P. macrophylla,
W.& A. Prodr. 30. Flacourtia inermis, Wall. Cat. 6673 G, H, only.
Malacea, Griffith ; Penang, Curtis. Distrib. Java, Borneo.
2. S. Roxpureui, Clos in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. IV, Vol. 8, 250.
A glabrous shrub or small tree with spiny stem. Leaves sub-coriaceous,
shining above, ovate, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, shortly acu-
minate, sub-entire or faintly and remotely crenate; the base rounded
or slightly narrowed, 3- to 5-nerved ; lateral nerves about 3 pairs, bold ;
length 4°5 to 6°5 in., breadth 1°75 to 3°5 in.; petiole biglandular at the
apex, ‘35 in. long. Racemes pubescent, axillary, about 1 in. long, 2-6-
flowered, bracteolate. "lowers on tomentose pedicels. Sepals and petals
5 or 6 each, densely tomentose externally, broadly ovate. Stamens in-
definite, the connective ciliate. Ovary ovate, style cylindric, stigma
3-lobed. Fruit baccate, the size of anolive. Seeds few. Hook. fil. Fl.
Br. Ind. I, 190; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 2,107, Phoberos Roxburghii,
Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. 192. Ludia spinosa, Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. 507. Fla-
courtia stigmarota, Wall. Cat. 6678, (in part).
Penang, Curtis; Perak, King’s Collector. Distrib, Burmah, Su-
matra.
3. S. crenata, Clos in Ann. S. Nat., Ser., IV, Vol. 8, 250. A
tree, glabrous except the inflorescence. Leuves coriaceous, shining above,
ovate to oblong-lanceolate, obtusely or sharply acuminate, obscurely
glandular-crenate ; the base narrowed, rarely rounded, obseurely 3-5-
nerved ; lateral nerves about 5 pairs, faint; length 2 to 5 in., breadth
1 to 1:75 in., petiole ‘25 to *35 in. Racemes axillary or terminal, pube-
scent or tomentose, bracteolate, 1 to 3 in. long. Flowers pedicelled.
Sepals and petals 4, rarely 5 or 6, the former tomentose and smaller
than the petals. Connective of anthers glabrous. Ovary globular, smooth.
Style cylindric. Stigma discoid. Fruit globose, about *75 in. in diam.
Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 191; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I pt. 2, p. 167. g.
pseudo-crenata, acuminata, chinensis, lanceolata, and crassipes, Clos
l. ec. S. seva, Hance in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 4, xviii, 182. Phoberos crenatus,
W.& A. Prodr. 29; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 11. P. lanceolatus and P.
Wightianus, W. and A. Prodr, 30. P. acuminatus, Hookerianus, and
Arnottianus, Thwaites Enum. 17 and 4.90.
Penang, Curtis; Perak, King’s Collector. Distrib. Brit. India and
Ceylon, China, Philippines.
In the young state this is thorny, It is a very variable species
indeed, and too near 8S. rhinanthera.
59
116 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
3. ErytnrospermMuM, Lamarck.
Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, quite entire. Flowers racemed,
fascicled or panicled, 2-sexual. Sepals 4-6, imbricate in bud. Petals
4-6, usually small. Stamens 4-6; anthers lanceolate-sagittate, counec-
tive dilated. Ovary l-celled; style short, stigma entire or 3-4-fid ;
ovules many, on 3-4 parietal placentas. Capsule coriaceous, 3-4-valved ;
valves bearing the seeds on the middle. Seeds few, testa coriaceous or
fleshy; embryo incurved. Distrib. Species about 8, of which 6 are
Mascarene, one is from Ceylon, and the following Malayan.
E. Scortecutnu, King n. sp. A small glabrous tree, the branchlets
lenticellate. Leaves thickly membranous, broadly oblanceolate, abrupt-
ly shortly and bluntly acuminate, faintly crenate-serrate, the base slight-
ly narrowed; nerves & to 6 pairs, thin, anastomosing °25 in, from the
margin; length 4 to 6 in., breadth 2 to 2'5 in.; petiole ‘5 in,; Stipules
caducous. Racemes two to four in a lax terminal panicle, 3 to 4 in. long
in flower, and twice as long in fruit. Ovary glabrous, 12—20- ovuled; |
style glabrous; stigma 3-lobed. Capsules on thin pedicels ‘Sin, long,
globular, smooth, ‘35 in. in diam., crowned by the conical style with
3-cleft stigma, 3-valved, l-seeded. Seed sub-globular with red pulp.
Perak ; Scortechini.
This species was collected only once by Father Scortechini; and
he found no flowers. He describes it as a tree 30 to 40 feet high.
No species of the genus has hitherto been described from any
Malayan province, Ceylon being the nearest country in which one is in-
digenous.
4, Fracourtia, Commers.
Trees or shrubs, often spinous. Leaves toothed or crenate. Flow-
ers small, dicecious, rarely 2-sexual. Sepals 4-5, small, imbricate.. Petals.
0. Stamens many; anthers versatile. Ovary on a glandular disc;
styles 2 or more, stigmas notched or 2-lobed; ovules usually in pairs
on each placenta. Fruit indehiscent; endocarp hard, with as many cells
as seeds. Seeds obovoid, testa coriaceous; cotyledons orbicular. Dis-
trib. About 12 species, natives of the Old World, some being cultivated |
in various tropical countries.
Fracourtia Ruxam, Zoll, et Moritzi Verz. 33. 3 9. X. Kunstleri.
where toil 1 in: ibd Guta Birss; 10. X. Hookerianum.
» 9toldin. ,, » 14to 16 pairs 1]. X. venosum,
Ovules 6 to 14.
Shrubs or trees with glabrous leaves.
Leaves shining on both surfaces, drying
brown. Flowers large, in short racemes.
Ovary cottony sé .. 12. X. stipitatum.
Ovary glabrous.
Leaves 2 to 2°25 in. long, nerves 3 pairs 13, X. Scortechinii.
# 2°5 to 4in., nerves 5 to 6 pairs... 14. X. ellipticum.
» 4&to6in., nerves 5 to 6 pairs... 15. X. obscurum.
Leaves dull white below, not shining, green-
ish above when dry ; flowers large, ovary
tomentose ae ... 16. X. pulchrum.
Leaves shining on both sur fra} drying yel-
lowish or greenish.
Leaves not cordate ; panicles small,
not spreading de 17, X. affine..
Leaves minutely cordate at base ; pa-
nicles large, wide-spreading ve 18. X. bullatum..
Trees with leaves pubescent beneath, and tomentose
inflorescence.
Pubescence sulphureous ; ovary glabrous... 19. X. sulphuratum.
F rufous; ovary tomentose ... 20. X. rufum.
Doubtful species.
Fruit many-seeded, 3 in. indiam. ... we 21, X. insigne.
1. XANTHOPHYLLUM AwDAMANICOM, King, n.sp. «OL. B. Ourtisi.
Staminal tube with its mouth 5-lobed.
Leaves quite glabrous.
Capsule less than J in. in diam.,
covered with glandular bar-
bed spines ate -. 2. B. uncinata.
Capsule more than 1 in. in
diam., covered with short
subulate spines .. 3. B. Maingayt.
Leaves more or less aaa Ake
on both surfaces 4. B. elliptica.
= hispid on the upper, ie fit
tomentose on the lower,
surface 1 5. B. Jackiana.
Leaves about as broad as long, deeply srekees .
at the base.
Leaves glabrous, or glabrescent, not
lobed ree .e 6. B. aspera.
= sparsely pubescent, often
lobed — a» 7 B. Andamanensis.
1. B. Cuarisu, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1761. A slender woody
creeper, 10 to 1S feet long: young branches minutely puberulous.
Leaves linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate-oblong, rarely ovate-oblong,
acuminate, entire, narrowed to the sub-obtuse, minutely cordate, 5-
nerved base: lateral nerves numerous, unequal and spreading at various
angles, reticulations distinct: both surfaces glabrous, the lower with
tufts of stellate hairs in the axils of the leaves; length 2°5 to 7 in.,
breadth ‘5 to 2 in. ; petiole ‘25 in., pubescent. Cymes in axillary fascicles
of 2 to 4, slender, 3 to 7-flowered, puberulous; peduncles about 1 in..
long: flowerpedicels*25 in, Flowers *45in. in diam., budsconical. Calyx
deeply 5-partite, the segments ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Petals strap-
shaped with 2 rather broad inflexed lateral lobes, and a long cylindric
curved sub-terminal appendage, about as long as the sepals. Capsule
globular, about 1 in. in diam., veined, pubescent, and armed with
numerous straight smooth bristles.
Penang, Curtis, Nos. 817 and 1166; Perak, common at low eleva-
tions.
This is closely allied to the Bornean B. lancifolia, Hook. fil. The
leaves vary a good deal in shape, the most prevalent form in the Perak
15%
91
specimens being linear-lanceolate. The Penang specimens are, on the
other hand, as figured by Professor Oliver, oval-oblong.
2. B. uncinata, Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 377. A woody
climber: young branches at first scurfy and hispid, but very soon gla-
brous. Leaves sub-coriaceous, elliptic-oblong; gradually tapering in the
upper third to the acuminate apex, entire, the base slightly cuneate,
3-nerved ; both surfaces glabrous and shining, nerves 9 or 10 pairs,
spreading, thin but prominent beneath: length 9 to 11 in., breadth 3
in., petiole nearly 3 in., thickened at the apex, glabrous. Sepals lan-
ceolate, spreading, hispid. Fruiting peduncles (fide Masters) “ half the
length of the leaves. Capsule depressed-spheroidal, the size of a hazel-
nut, covered with hooked gland-tipped barbed hispid spines, 3-celled.”
Malacca, Maingay, No. 242 (Kew Distrib.).
I have seen only Maingay’s Malacca specimens.
3. B. Maineayi, Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 377. A woody
climber: young branches glabrous. Leaves sub-coriaceous, elliptic to
elliptic-oblong, shortly bluntly and rather abruptly acuminate, entire ;
the base rounded with 3 bold and 2 minute nerves: both surfaces quite
glabrous ; lateral nerves about 2 or 3 pairs, prominent beneath as are
the reticulations ; length 7 or 3 in., breadth 3 to 3°5 in.; petioles 1:2 in.,
thickened towards the apex, glabrous, Umbels in axillary fascicles of
6 or 8, their peduncles about lin. long, slender, glabrescent; pedicels
°25 in. Sepals °25 in. long, ovate-lanceolate. ‘‘ Petals shorter than the
sepals, with a long linear appendage. Staminodes erect, oblong, obtuse,
bifid. Style as long as the ovary. Fruiting peduncle as long as the
petiole. Capsule globose, 1°25 in. in diam., obscurely 5-lobed, studded
with short subulate prickles.”
Malacca; Griffith, Maingay.
Of this species I have seen no good specimens in flower or fruit,
and the above account of these parts is taken from Masters’ descrip-
tion,
4. B, exvuiptica, Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 377. A woody
climber; young branches minutely rusty-tomentose. Leaves broadly
elliptic, abruptly and shortly acuminate, entire; the base 5-nerved,
rounded or minutely cordate; upper surface minutely scabrid-hispid,
the midrib and nerves hispid-tomentose; lower minutely pubescent
on the veins, the midrib and longer nerves tomentose : lateral nerves
3 pairs, oblique, curving, prominent beneath as are the secondary nerves
and reticulations: length 5:5 to 7°7 in., breadth 3°5 to 4°75 in., petiole
200
92
2to3in., tomentose. Umbels pedunculate, solitary or in fascicles of 5 or
6, axillary, few-flowered, stellate-tomentose: peduncles ‘5 to 1 in.;
pedicels ‘1 to ‘25 in., both slender. Buds ‘lin. in diam. Sepals ovate,
acute. Petals rounded, with long cylindric inflexed apices longer than
the sepals. Fruit unknown.
Malacca, Maingay: No. 241 (Kew Distrib.). Perak ; Scortechini.
Evidently a rare species; for I have seen, besides Maingay’s, only
Scortechini’s solitary specimen.
5. B. Jackiana, Wall. in Roxb. FI. Ind. (ed. Carey) ii. 386. A
stout woody creeper, the young branches with densely minute ferrugi-
nous tomentum some of which is stellate. Leaves narrowly or broadly
elliptic, acuminate, entire ; the base boldly 3-nerved, rounded, sometimes
slightly cordate, rarely acute ; upper surface sparsely and shortly hispid ;
under surface rufous, hispid-tomentose especially on midrib and nerves,
many of the hairs on both surfaces stellate ; lateral nerves 3 or 4 pairs,
curved, spreading; length 3°5 to 6 in., breadth 2 to 3°75 in. ; petiole *4
to 1 in. tomentose. Umbels pedunculate, solitary or in groups of 3 or 4
from the leaf-axils, few-flowered, tomentose: peduncles ‘25 to 1 in.
long; pedicels about ‘35, slender. Sepals linear-subulate, spreading,
hispid, about ‘4 in. long, Petals sub-rotund, lobed, each with a single
long cylindric terminal appendage as long as the sepals. Capsule glo-
bose, slightly 5-furrowed, 1 in, in diam., black, glabrescent, armed with
many straight spines. Seeds oblong, black. Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. i. 376 ; Wall. Cat. 1147.
Penang, Perak and Singapore ; at low elevations.
6. B. aspera, Colebr. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. (ed. Carey), ii. 383. A
powerful woody climber often with a tree-like stem; young branches
glaucous, minutely and deciduously pubescent. Leaves sub-orbicular
or ovate-orbicular, shortly acuminate, entire, the base cordate, 5 to 7-
nerved ; upper surface glabrous, shining; the lower glabrescent, the
midrib and nerves puberulous; lateral nerves 4 to 6 pairs, prominent
beneath as are the stout transverse veins ; length 4°5 to 75 in., breadth
about the same: petiole 2 to 5 in., glaucous-pubescent at first, afterwards
glabrous. Cymes axillary, solitary or fasciculate, pedunculate, much
branched, many-flowered, pubescent to tomentose, 3 or 4 in. long:
ultimate pedicels ‘5 in. long, slender. Sepals lanceolate, acute, spreading,
‘15 in. long, puberulous externally. Pefals cuneate, shorter than the
sepals, 3-lobed, the middle lobe linear-lanceolate, reflexed. Staminodes
truncate. Ovary globular, scabrid. Capsules globular, 1°5 to 2 in,
in diam., slightly depressed, pubescent when young, glabrous when ripe,
201
93
armed with many long, nearly straight, sharp spines. Seeds oblong,
-5 in. or more long. Wall Cat. 1144; Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
i. 377; Kurz For. Fl. Burm. i. 151; Pierre Fl, Forest. Coch-Chine, t.
206, figs. 1 to 8. B. grandifolia, DC. Prodr. i. 486. B. nepalensis,
Turez. in Bull. Mose, 1858, 207.
Andaman Islands. Distrib. Brit. India, China, Cochin-China.
7. B. Anpamanensis, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1871, ii. 47.
A woody climber: young branches scaberulous. Leaves sub-orbicular,
crenate and palmately 3 to 5-lobed, the lobes acuminate; or ovate-
rotund, acuminate and irregularly serrate-crenate and not lobed; the
base always deeply cordate, 5 to 7-nerved; lateral nerves about 5 pairs,
opposite, prominent beneath as are the midrib and straight transverse
veins; both surfaces sparsely pubescent at first, but afterwards glabrous.
Cymes umbellate, 2 or 3 times branched, spreading, many-flowered,
solitary, or 2 or 3 ina fascicle, axillary : the common peduncle stout,
*6 to ‘75 in. long; secondary peduncles about the same length, tertiary
half as long: flower-pedicels ‘15 in., all slender and slightly pubescent.
Sepals ovate acuminate or deltoid, puberulous externally. Petals with
2 obscure lateral lobes, and a long lanceolate inflexed middle lobe.
Staminodes truncate. Capsule globose, less than 1 in. in diam, glaucous
when young, armed witha few unequal, rather short, smooth, stiff spines.
Kurz in Flora, 1871, p. 277; For. Fl. Br. Burm. i. 152; Mast. in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 377; Pierre Fl. Forest. Coch-Chine, t. 207, figs. 1 to 9..
Andaman I[slands. Distrib. Burmah, Siam, Cochin-China,
11. CommersoniA, Forsk.
Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, oblique. Inflorescence cymose,
terminal or axillary or leaf opposed. Calva 5-cleft. Petals 5, concave
at the base, prolonged into a long strap-shaped appendage at the apex.
Fertile stamens 5, opposite the petals; anthers subglobose, 2-celled,
cells diverging ; staminodes 5, opposite to the sepals, lanceolate. Carpels
5, opposite to the sepals, connate; styles connate; ovules 2-6. Capsule
loculicidally 5-valved, covered with bristly hairs. Seeds ascending,
albuminous, strophiolate; cotyledons flat, radicle next the hilum.
Distrib. A genus of about 8 species, some of which are natives of the
Malay peninsula and Archipelago, others of Australia.
C. pbatypuyiia, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 603 (note). A low tree; young
branches softly rusty-tomentose. Leaves membranous, inequilateral,
ovate-acuminate, irregularly dentate-serrate; the base more or less
cordate, one side sub-auriculate, upper surface sparsely and minutely
202
04,
stellate-hairy, lower softly hoary tomentose: length 5 to 8 in., breadth
3 to 4°5 in., petioles ‘2 to ‘3 in.; stipules shorter than the petioles,
scarious, lobed. Cymes corymbose, much shorter than the leaves,
spreading, much branched, tomentose. Flowers *2 or ‘25 in. in diam
Calyx pubescent, cut nearly to the base into 5 ovate-lanceolate lobes.
Petals as long as the sepals but much narrower, concave at the base ; the
terminal appendage elongate, narrowly oblong, its edges inflexed.
Stamens 5, the anthers broad, extrorse. Staminodes 5, lanceolate, spread-
ing, reflexed, shorter than the petals. Ovary 5-celled. Capsule globose,
‘4 or ‘5 in. in diam., densely covered with long soft, flexuose, pubescent
bristles. Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 378. ©. Javensis, G. Don.
Gen. Syst. i. 523; Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 312. (0. echinata, Blume Bijdr.
86; Wall. Cat. 1143; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 519, not of Forst. C. echinata,
var. 8. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 2, 182. Buettneria hypoleuca, Turez. in
Mose. Bull. 1858, 207.
In all the provinces except the Andamans and Nicobars. Distrib.
Malayan Archipelago, Philippines.
12. Lepronycnra, Turcz.
Shrubs or trees. Leaves simple, entire. Flowers in small axillary
cymes. Sepals 5, valvate, united near the base. Petals 5, valvate, short,
orbicular, concave. Andrecium tubular below, filamentiferous above,
filaments 3-seriate, outer series of 5 to 10 ligulate staminodes opposite the
petals, middle of 10 fertile stamens also opposite the petals, innermost
of 5 very short fleshy subulate staminodes opposite the sepals; anthers
linear-oblong, introrse, dehiscing at the sides longitudinally. Ovary
sessile, 3-4-celled; placentas axile; styles connate, stigmas capitellate ;
ovules many in each cell, anatropous. Capsule 2-3-celled, or by abortion
l-celled, dehiscing septicidally or loculicidally, or both simultaneously
or irregularly. Seeds black, with a fleshy yellowish arillus; albumen
fleshy, cotyledons foliaceous, radicle superior. Distrib. three or four -
species—Indo Malayan and Tropical African.
L. auapra, Turez. in Mosc. Bull. for 1858, p. 222. A tree: the
young branches glabrous. Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
rather abruptly acuminate, the base slightly narrowed or rounded, 3-
nerved ; both surfaces glabrous, shining ; main nerves 4 to 7 pairs, thin:
length 4 to 8 in., breadth 16 to 3 in.; petiole *4 to ‘5 in., glabrous.
Flowers *25 in, in diam.; the buds oblong, obtuse, 5-ridged. Sepals
oyate-lanceolate or oblong, rather obtuse, spreading, pubescent on both
surfaces, not veined. Petals about one-fourth the size of the sepals,
broad, truncate, villous. Stamens 10, in five phalanges of two each,
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95
nearly as long as the sepals. Staminodes 10 to 20, glabrous, the outer 5 to 15
shorter than, or as long as, the stamens, filiform; the inner invariably 5,
short, subulate, internal to,and alternating with, the phalanges of stamens.
Ovary broadly obovate, obtuse, obscurely 4-grooved, with a few scattered
hairs near the apex, 4-celled. Style cylindric, tapering, with sparse
Spreading hairs. Capsule coriaceous, depressed-obovoid, pale greyish,
°5 in. long, rugose; within shining pale and wrinkled. Seed solitary,
oblong, black, less than half covered by a thin arillus proceeding from
its side. Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 379; Kurz For. Fl. Burm.
i. 150; Oudem. in Compt. Rend. Ac. Roy. Sc. Amsterd. 2 Ser., 11, 8,
cum ic; Walp. Ann. vii. 449. Grewia ? caudata, Wall. Cat. 1099. L.
heteroclita, Kurz For. Fl. Burm. i. 150. G. heteroclita, Roxb. Fl. Ind.
ii. 590. Binnindykia trichostylis, Kurz in Nat. Tijdsc. Ned. Ind., Ser.
3, i. 164. Turrcea trichostylis, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 502.
Malacca, Penang, Perak, Andamans; at low elevations. Distrib.
Malayan Archipelago, Burma.
Var. Mastersiana, young branches, midribs and petioles of leaves
puberulous; flowers ‘5 in. in diam., the buds pointed; sepals 3-veined:
outer staminodes varying from 5 to 15, often pubescent in the upper
half: ovary oblong-ovoid, villous, 3-celled: style glabrous: capsule
black. ZL. acuminata, Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. i. 379.
Malacca and Perak. Distrib. Sumatra, Borneo, Burmah.
This shrub or small tree is common, and I have thus had the
advantage of being able to examine a large number of flowers. The
result of my examination of these is that, whereas the inner staminodes
are invariably 5 in number, the outer series varies in number in the
most perplexing way from 5 to 15. Where there are 10, they are always
arranged in pairs united at the base: and where there are 15, they are
arranged in threes united at the base. The proper view to take of these
staminodes is I believe therefore that they are single organs, but some-
times deeply cleft into 2 or 3 linear and equal segments. On this ac-
count, and also on account of the similarity of the other organs, I am
induced to think that there is but one species of Leptonychia and that
Masters’ species acuminata and Beddome’s L. moacwrroides are merely
forms of the species on which Turczaninow originally founded the genus,
Orper XIX. TILIACE,
Trees, shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or
lobed. Stipules free, usually caducous. Flowers usually cymose, or in
cymose panicles, or racemose. Jlowers regular, hermaphrodite, rarely
unisexual. Sepals 3-5, free or connate, valvate. Petals as many as the
sepals, rarely absent, imbricate or valvate. Stamens numerous, rarely
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96
definite, usually springing from a prolonged or dilated torus, free or
sometimes 5-adelphous, filaments filiform ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary free,
2-10-celled; styles columnar, or divided into as many divisions as there
are cells to the ovary, stigmas usually distinct, rarely confluent or sessile.
Ovules attached to the inner angle of the cells of the ovary ; if few in
number, often pendulous from the apex or ascending from the base; if
more numerous, disposed in 2 or more ranks, anatropous ; raphe ventral
or lateral. Fruit fleshy or dry, dehiscent or indehiscent, 2-10 or by
abortion l-celled (cells sometimes divided by false partitions) ; carpels
separable or always united. Seeds 1 or many, ascending, pendulous or
transverse, with no arillus; testa leathery or crustaceous or pilose; al-
bumen fleshy, abundant or scanty, rarely wanting; embryo straight or
slightly curved, cotyledons leafy, rarely fleshy, radicle next the hiluam.—
Distrib. about 370 species; most abundant in the tropics of either
hemisphere.
Series A. Holopetale. Petals glabrous or rarely downy, coloured, thin,
unguiculate, entire or nearly so, imbricate or twisted in the bud.
Anthers globose or oblong, opening by slits.
Tribe I. Brownlowiew. Sepals combined below
into a cup. Anthers globose, cells ulti-
mately confluent at the top.
* Staminodes 5.
Carpels distinct, 2-valved oe i
Carpels combined, indehiscent, winged ... 2. Pentace.
** Staminodes 0.
Stamens on a raised torus coe w» 3. Schoutenia.
Stamens on a contracted torus ... . 4. Berrya.
Tribe II. Grewiew. Sepals distinct. Petals
glandular at the base. Stamens springing
from the apex of a raised torus.
Fruit drupaceous, not prickly ... ae Grewia.
Fruit dry indehiscent or 3-5 coccous, prickly 6. Triumfetta.
Tribe III. Tiliee. Sepals distinct: petals not
glandular. Stamens springing from a
contracted torus.
Herbs or undershrubs with 3 or 5-celled
—_
. Brownlowia.
ae
capsules: seeds without hairs we 4. Oorchorus.
Trees with 2-celled capsules; seeds with
marginal hairs... eee w. 8. Trichospermum.
Series B. Heteropetale. Petals usually incised, rarely entire or absent,
induplicate or imbricate not twisted: anthers linear, opening
by a terminal pore often with an apical awn or tuft of hairs.
Stamens on a raised torus; fruit drupaceous 9, EHleocarpus.
205
1. Browntowira, Roxb.
Trees. Pubescence stellate or scaly. Leaves entire, 3-5-nerved,
feather-veined. Flowers numerous, small, in large terminal or axillary
panicles. Calyx bell-shaped, irregularly 3-5-fid. Petals 5, without
glands. Stamens many, free, springing from a raised torus. Staminodes
5, within the stamens, opposite the petals and petaloid. Anthers sub-
globose. Ovaries 5, each 2-ovulate ; styles awl-shaped, slightly coherent ;
ovules ascending. Carpels ultimately free, 2-valved, l-seeded. Albwmen
0; cotyledons thick, fleshy.—Distrib. Nine species confined to Tropical
Asia.
Leaves not peltate.
Leaves lanceolate ti ... 1. B. lanceolata.
“ broadly elliptic to elliptic-rotund 2. B. Kleinhovioidea.
Leaves peltate.
Leaves minutely hairy beneath .. 3. B. Scortechinii.
be glabrous on both surfaces we 4 B. macrophylla.
1. Brownnowra LANcEoLATA, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. V. Suppl.
ii. 57. A tree 25 to 30 feet high; young branches pale when dry, sub-
lepidote. Leaves thinly coriaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, the base obtuse ; upper surface when adult glabrous, shining,
the lower covered by a dense layer of minute whitish yellow shining
scales: main nerves 6 to 8 pairs (1 pair of them basal), not prominent :
leneth 45 to 6 in., breadth 1°5 to 1°75 in., petiole °25 to “4 in, Panicles
axillary or terminal, 1 to 3 in. long, and less than 1 in. across, few-
flowered. Flowers °25 in. long, their pedicels about as long. Calya
‘2 in. long, scaly like the pedicel, its lobes lanceolate, Petals longer
than the calyx, oblong, blunt, slightly narrowed to the shortly unguicu-
late base, glabrous. Anther-cells sub-divaricate, sub-confluent when
adult. Ovary deeply 3 to 5-lobed, pubescent, the cells 2-ovuled. Bipe
carpels distinct, sub-globose, truncate, compressed on their inner sur-
faces, minutely lepidote and pubescent, ‘5 in, in diam. Seed solitary,
with thin testa and large sub-hemispheric cotyledons. Hook. fil. I'l.
Br. Ind. i. 381: Kurz For. Flora Burm. 154.
Malacca, Griffith. Distrib. Burmah and Bengal; in tidal forests
and mangrove swamps.
The young parts are covered with rusty or pale brown scales, but
the adult branchlets leaves and flowers are as above described.
2. Browniow1rA Kuernnoviorea, King, n. sp. A tree 40 to 50 feet
high: young branches rather slender, covered with a dense thin layer of
206
98
minute pale brown hair. Leaves thinly coriaceous, broadly elliptic to
elliptic-rotund, slightly narrowed to the obtuse apex, very little narrow-
ed to the more or less cordate base: upper surface glabrous, very sparse-
ly lepidote, the lower covered with a thin layer of very minute pale
hair; basal nerves 4 or 6 (two of them small): main lateral nerves 3
pairs ; transverse secondary nerves distinct: length 5 to 7 in., breadth
3°5 to 45 in. ; petiole 2°5 to 3 in., thickened towards the apex, pubescent
like the under surfaces of the leaves. -Panicles mostly terminal, rarely
axillary, 9 to 15 in. long (the axillary ones much smaller) the branches
rather few, spreading little, the flowers rather closely clustered on the
branchlets. Flowers *25 in. long, on pedicels about half as long.
Calyx widely campanulate, cut for a third of its length into 5 acute
triangular teeth, minutely tomentose externally, glabrous inside.
Petals longer than the calyx, oblong, very obtuse, slightly narrowed
but thickened towards the rather long basal claw. Stuminodes linear,
flat, about as long as the filaments. Ovaries 3 to 5, sub-globose, lateral-
ly compressed, pubescent. Styles subulate, a little longer than the
stamens, slightly coherent. Fruit unknown.
On Gunong Bubu in Perak, at elevations of 600 to 1000 feet ;
King’s Collector.
A species with leaves not unlike these of Kleinhovia hospita: in
many respects closely allied to B. elata, but with much smaller flowers.
3. Browntow1a ScorrecHinu, n. sp., King. A small slender tree:
young branches stout, pale, sparsely lenticellate, pubescent at first but
soon glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-elliptic, peltate, slightly nar-
rowed to the acute or sub-acute apex; the edges sub-undulate; very
little narrowed to the rounded, or sometimes sub-emarginate, base ;
upper surface glabrous; the lower pale from a thin continuous layer of
very minute hairs; petiole attached 2°5 to 3 in. above the base, nerves
radiating from it about 9, lateral nerves from the midrib about 4 pairs ;
all rather prominent beneath, as are the transverse secondary nerves :
length 10 to 15 in., breadth 5:5 to 7 in., petiolv 7 to 9 in. long, thickened
at both ends. Panicle terminal, 6 to 12 in. long and about 6 in. broad,
or sometimes small narrow panicles in terminal clusters of 6 to 10:
branches spreading, compressed, puberulous ; bracteoles ovate, fugaceous ;
pedicels, stout, "15 in. long in the bud but lengthening as the flower ex-
pands, puberulous. Flowers 6 in. long, crowded. Calyx narrowly cam-
panulate ; its teeth half as long as the tube, lanceolate, sub-acute, tomen-
tose-lepidote externally. Pe/als longer than the calyx, narrowly ob-
ovate, much narrowed to the clawed base. Staminodes linear, about as
long as the filaments. Ovaries 5, ovoid, compressed, stellate-pubescent.
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99
Styles slightly longer than the stamens, subulate, bent at the apex.
Fruit unknown.
Perak ; Scortechini, No. 1918.
Collected only once by the late Fr. Scortechini and referred by him
to B. elata, Roxb. The species is, however, quite distinct from B. elata ;
and also from B. peltata, which it more resembles in its leaves.
4. BrowNLOWIA MACROPHYLLA, King n. sp.
puberulous, about 1'5 in. long. None of the specimens has any trace of
flower.
7. Arraporrys, R. Brown.
Sarmentose or scandent shrubs. Leaves shining. Flowers solitary
or fascicled, generally on woody, usually hooked, recurved branches (pe-
duncles). Sepals 3, valvate. Petals 6, 2-seriate, bases concave connivent ;
limb spreading, flat, sub-terete or clavate. Stamens oblong or cuneate ;
connective truncate or produced; anther-cells dorsal. Torus flat or con-
vex. Ovaries few or many ; style oblong or columnar; ovules 2, erect,
collateral. Ripe carpels berried.—Disrris. Tropical Africa and Eastern
Asia ; described species about 32.
This genus is at once distinguished by the curious hooked flower-
peduncles. The petals are thick and mostly narrow, concave and closely
connivent at the base, while the limb is spreading. The habit of all is
scandent. Besides those described below, there are in the Calcutta
Herbarium imperfect materials of five undescribed species from Perak,
and of one from the Andaman Islands.
Petals lanceolate to elliptic.
Flowers less than 1 in. long.
Petals very fleshy, broadly elliptic, blunt 1. A. grandifolius.
», coriaceous, broadly lanceolate, acu-
minate ... ri we 2, A, Scortechinit.
» Slightly fleshy, elliptic-oblong, ob-
tuse ... oe . 3. A. plewrocarpus
Flowers about 1 in. long,
Outer petals ovate-lanceolate; the inner
lanceolate or linear
Flowers more than 1 in. long.
ww» 4&. A. venustus.
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31
Leaves elliptic to oblong, obtuse or shortly
and bluntly mucronate, coriaceous
Leaves oblong, acuminate, coriaceous ... 6.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate.
Leaves shortly caudate-acuminate,
flower nearly 2 in. long .. 7. Az Lowianus,
Leaves shortly acuminate ; flower 1°5
to 1:75 in. long; ripe carpels nar-
rowly elliptic, sia ng to both ends,
glabrous ... .. 8, A. oxycarpus.
Limb of petals linear, sub- ineieerel ainda or
sub-clavate.
Petals thickly coriaceous, linear, blunt, ad-
a
bb
. crasstfolius.
. oblongus.
pressed-pubescent ae . 9. A. speciosus.
Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, (glabrous ?) 10. A. Maingayt.
Petals fleshy, the outer 3 flattened; the
inner 3 obtusely triquetrous we Ll. A. gracthe.
Petals fleshy, the limb cylindric to clavate 12. A suaveolens.
Imperfectly known species ... ... 13. A. costatus.
es . * bi we 14. A. Wrayi.
1, ARTABOTRYS GRANDIFOLIUS, n. sp. King. A powerful creeper 60
to 80 feet long; young branches stout, pale, striate, glabrous. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, large, minutely pellucid-punctate, pale yellowish-green
when dry, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-obovate ; the apex broad, obtuse or
abruptly sub-acute ; the base cuneate: both surfaces glabrous, distinctly
reticulate, the upper shining, the lower duller: main nerves 10 to 12
pairs, oblique, inter-arching shies ‘25 in. from the edge; length of
blade 8 to 14 in., breadth 8 to 5 in.: petiole ‘4 in., stout. Petals very
fleshy, densely and minutely fetcbntioatl unequal; the outer 3 broadly
elliptic, sub-acute or blunt, slightly concave, °75 in, long and ‘4 in. broad:
inner 3 obovoid, spreading but with incurved apices, slightly shorter
than the outer. Peduncles (in fruit) nearly 3 in. long, stout: torus
hemispheric, 1 in.indiam. Ripe carpels numerous, glabrous, lenticellate,
elliptic-obovoid, the apex mammillate, narrowed at the base into a short
stout pesnee -stalk nearly ‘5 in. long ; length of ripe carpel about 1°5 in.,
diam, 1 in. : pericarp hard, about ‘1 in. thick. Seed solitary, narrowly
ellipsoid, blunt, 1:1 in. long, and ‘6 in. in. diam. ; the testa pale, rugulose.
A. macrophyllus, King MSS. (not of Hook. fil).
Perak; at Goping, elevation 500 to 800 feet, King’s Collector, No.
4477; Scortechini No. 1068.
Some specimens of this were unfortunately distributed from the
Calcutta Herbarium under the MSS. name of A. macrophyllus,—a name
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32
pre-occupied by an African species described by Sir J. D. Hooker (Niger
Flora, 207).
2. ArrapoTRys ScortTecuini, n. sp. King. Aclimber. All parts
except the flower and possibly the fruit glabrous: young branches
slender, dark-coloured. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, short-
ly acuminate, the base cuneate; upper surface shining; the lower dull
when young, very minutely scaly, afterwards glabrous ; main nerves 9 to
11 pairs, spreading, inter-arching ‘1 in. from the edge, slender but rather
prominent beneath: length of blade 2°25 to 3°25 in., breadth “9 to 1:3
in., petiole 2 in. Peduwncle rather slender, 3-to 4-flowered ; pedicels *5
in. long, thickened upwards, puberulous, with a small ovate bracteole at
the very base. Flowers ‘6 to ‘8 in. long. Sepals very coriaceous, tri-
angular, acuminate, the apices slightly reflexed, conjoined at the base
only, rugulose and adpressed-pubescent externally, *25 in long. Petals
coriaceous, broadly-lanceolate acuminate, tomentose on both surfaces,
the inner three smaller than the outer 3. Anthers with broad connec-
tival apical appendages. Torus rather flat, sericeous: ovaries glabrous.
Fruit unknown.
Perak, Scortechini.
A species near A. polygynus, Miq., but with glabrous leaves and
different flowers from that species.
3. ARTABOTRYS PLEUROCARPUS, Maingay in Hook. fil Fl. Br. Ind. J,
54, A large climber; all parts except the flowers glabrous ; young branches
lenticellate, striate, dark-coloured. Leaves coriaceous, oblanceolate-
oblong, the apex abruptly and shortly acuminate, the base much nar-
rowed: both surfaces shining and reticulate, the upper paler; main
neryes about 10 pairs, spreading, slender: length of blade 4 to 6'5 in,
breadth 1:5 to 2°25 in.; petiole °15 in., thick. Peduneles flat, stout, much
hooked, bearing several ebracteolate pedicels, *5 in. long, densely pubes-
cent. Flowers 1°5 in. long. Sepals broadly ovate, obtuse. Petals sub-
equal, flat, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pubescent on both surfaces, the outer
1 to 1°35 in. long, the inner smaller. Anthers with apiculate connectives.
Ovaries many, slender. Ripe carpels broadly elliptic, mammillate, ob-
securely grooved, narrowed into the short stout stalk,-75in. long. Seeds 2,
with hard testa.
Malacea; Maingay. Perak, Scortechini, No. 331.
4, ARTABOTRYS VENUSTUS, n. sp., King. A large climber, 30 to 80
feet long; young branches at first puberulous, afterwards glabrous,
dark coloured, striate. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-oblong,
abruptly and shortly acuminate, the base rounded or very slightly nar-
rowed: both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining, the lower dull, adult
leaves pale brown (when dry): main nerves 7 to 10 pairs, spreading
281
o3
or sub-ascending, curved, inter-arching freely ‘1 to ‘2 in. from the edge,
prominent on the lower, less so on the upper, surface ; length of blade 3°5
to 6 in., breadth 2 to 3 in., petiole ‘2 to'25 in. Peduwneles extra-axillary,
rather slender in flower, (stout in fruit}, minutely tomentose, bearing 3 or
4 flowers, ‘75 to 1 in. long.; pedicels slender, pubescent or glabrescent.,
from ‘5 to 1 in. long, ebracteate. Sepals coriaceous, broadly triangular,
sub-acute, slightly conjoined at the base, sub-reflexed, puberulous exter-
nally, glabrous within, ‘15 in. long. Petals coriaceous, minutely tomentose,
subequal; the outer 3 with small claw, glabrous inside, ovate-lanceolate
sub-acute ; the inner 3 shorter than the outer, lanceolate or linear.
Anthers short, slightly compressed; the apex orbicular, flat. Ovaries
about 10, oblong, granular. Carpels about 6, sessile, narrowly obovoid,
apiculate, slightly narrowed to the base, at first puberulous, ultimately
glabrous, 1:5 in. long and ‘8 in. in diam, ; pericarp thin. Seeds 2,
oblong, plano-convex, about J in. long and ‘6 in. broad, smooth.
Perak ; at elevations up to 1,000 feet, King’s Collector, Nos. 3725,
4392, 6499, 6968, King’s Collector.
5. Arraporrys crassirouius, H. f. and T. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
I, 54. A large climber; young branches minutely rusty-tomentose.
Leaves very coriaceous when adult, elliptic to oblong, obtuse or shortly
and bluntly mucronate, the base acute or rounded : upper surface glabrous,
shining: the lower dull, paler in colour when young, sparsely adpressed-
pilose, afterwards glabrous ; main nerves 9 or 10 pairs, oblique, when
dry faintly impressed on the upper and slightly prominent on the lower
surface ; length of blade 6 to 6°5 in., breadth 1°75 to 2°75 in. ; petiole
*3 to °4 in., stout. Pedwncles flat, much hooked, stout: each with several
stout rusty-tomentose pedicels ‘3 to ‘4 in. long; bracts few, ovate.
Flowers 1°25 in. long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, sub-obtuse, softly rusty-
pubescent outside, pubescent within. Petals coriaceous, oblong-lanceo-
late, sub-ovate, densely tomentose on both surfaces ; the inner 3 smaller
than the outer 3. Fruiting pedicel very stout; the torus sub-globose.
Ripe carpels about 8, sessile, sub-obovoid to ovoid, glabrous, slightly
rugose, 1°25 to 1°65 in. long and ‘75 to 1:15 in. in diam. ; pericarp thick,
pulpy. Seeds 2, collateral, oblong, compressed, grooved along the edge,
‘9 in. long and ‘6 in. broad. Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 30.
Burmah ; Martaban, King, Brandis. Perak; King’s Collector, No.
8384,
6. ARTABOTRYS OBLONGUS, n. sp., King. A climber 50 to 70 feet
long, ultimately all parts except the inflorescence glabrous ; young
branches slender, rufous-pubescent ; the bark dark-coloured when very
young, afterwards rather pale, striate. Leaves when adult coriaceous,
oblong, shortly acuminate, the base acute, when adult both surfaces
282
34.
glabrous, the upper shining, the lower dull and when young sparsely
pubescent along the midrib; main nerves 10 to 12 pairs, inconspicuous
on the upper, slightly prominent in the lower surface, spreading, form-
ing 2 or 3 series of arches within the margin; length of blade 6°5 to
9 in., breadth 2°5 to 3 in., petiole ‘4 in. Peduncles stout, pubescent
when young, bearing 3 or 4 pedicels; flowers 1°35 in. long; pedicels
about 1 in., pubescent, slightly thickened upwards. Sepals coriaceous,
triangular, acute, concave, spreading rufous-pilose on both surfaces,
slightly conjoined at the base, ‘25 in. long. Petals coriaceous, the por-
tion above the saccate base lanceolate, subacute, strigosely tomentose on
both surfaces, the claw partly glabrous and partly covered with minute
white hair. Anthers compressed, with oblong, obliquely truncate, flatten-
ed heads. Ovaries few, oblong, glabrous; the stigma broad, oblique.
Fruit unknown.
Perak ; King’s Collector, No. 6524.
7, Arrapotrys Lowranus, n. sp., Scortechini MSS. A_ stout
climber ; all parts except the flowers glabrous ; young branches slender,
dark-coloured. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, shortly
caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate: both surfaces shining, minutely
reticulate; main nerves 8 to 10 pairs, spreading, inter-arching ‘2 in.
from the margin, faint; length of blade 3°5 to 6 in., breadth 1:25 to
1-75 in., petiole °25 in. Pedwneles extra-axillary, 2- to 3-flowered, glab-
rous; pedicels thickened upwards, ‘5 to 75 in. long, glabrous. Sepals
triangular, acute, glabrous, ‘25 in. long, enlarging a little with the fruit.
Petals fleshy, adpressed-puberulous, elliptic-lanceolate above the concave
base, obtuse; the outer three 1°75 in. long, the inner three smaller.
Anthers with a rounded apical process from the connective. Ovaries
many, glabrous. Carpels (quite young) sessile, ovoid, apiculate ; ripe
carpels unknown.
Perak; Scortechini; No. 2012.
This species is_near A. plewrogynus, Miq, but is perfectly gla-
brous, not sub-strigose pubescent ; its ripe fruit is unknown.
8. ARTABOTRYS OXYCARPUS, n. sp., King. A stout climber, 60 to 80
feet long; all parts except the flower glabrous ; young branches slender,
black when dry. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate, both surfaces shining, reticulate; main nerves 6 to 8 pairs,
spreading, slender; length of blade 3 to 5°5 in., breadth 1:25 to 1°5 in.
Peduneles short (*75 in. long), glabrous, bearing about 2 minutely brac-
teolate pedicels *75 in. long. Flowers 15 to 1°75 in. long. Sepals
coriaceous, small, broadly ovate, acute, ‘2 in. long, conjoined at the base,
spreading. Petals coriaceous, very much longer than the sepals, lanceo-
late, obtuse; the inner 3 smaller; all adpressed-pubescent, and the
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35
saccate base small in all. Torus small, sericeous. Ovaries glabrous.
Ripe carpels numerous, sessile, glabrous, narrowly elliptic, tapering to
each end, the apex caudate, 1 to 1:2 in. long and *4 in. in diam. ; pericarp
thin. Seeds 2, plano-convex, compressed, blunt, *25 in. long.
Perak ; King’s Collector, Nos. 5150 and 5605; Wray No. 3286.
This species comes near the Bornean A. polygynus, Miq. (Ann. Mus.
Lugd. Bat. II, 4). But this species has more pointed and perfectly smooth
ripe carpels; while those of A. polygynus are more ovoid, with shorter
terminal point and have many vertical ridges, A. polygynus moreover
is sub-strigosely pubescent, this is glabrous.
9. ARTABOTRYS sPEcIOsUS, Kurz in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. I, 55.
A large climber: young branches slender, dark-coloured, sparsely ad-
pressed-pilose, afterwards glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, shortly and obtusely acuminate, the base
acute; both surfaces glabrous, shining: main nerves 7 to 10 pairs,
spreading, inter-arching at some distance from the edge, slender: length
of blade 6 to 8 in., breadth 2 to 2°5 in., petiole ‘25 in. Peduncles extra-
axillary, flattened, short and not much hooked, puberulous, each bearing
several short puberulous 1-flowered ebracteolate flower-pedicels: flowers
from 1:25 to nearly 2 in. long, yellow. Sepals ‘2 in. long, broadly ovate,
acute, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. Petals thickly coriaceous,
adpressed-pubescent, linear above the concave base, rather blunt; the
inner smaller than the outer; torus pilose: fruit unknown. Kurz For.
Flora, Burm. I, 32.
Andaman Islands ; along Middle Straits, Kurz. S. Andaman; at
Caddellgunge, King’s Collector.
10. Arrasorrys Marneayt, H. f. and T. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I,
55. A powerful creeper, 40 to 80 feet long: all parts glabrous except
the flowers; the young branches slender, dark-coloured. Leaves thin,
elliptic, acuminate at base and apex: both surfaces shining, finely reti-
culate: main nerves 7 to 9 pairs, spreading, faint: length of blade 3°5
to 6 in., breadth 1°35 to 2 in., petiole ‘25 to 5 in. Peduwncles flat, much
umod: glabrous. Flowers 1 in. in diam., fascicled, peduncle *5 to
15 in., hoary-pubescent. Sepals small, obtuse, ‘2 in. long. Petals: the
outer linear-oblong, obtuse, concave the saccate base small and sub-
orbicular, 1 to 1:25 in. long and ‘25 to *35 broad; the inner smaller and
narrower and much curved. Ovaries 3 or 4 ovoid, glabrous. Ripe
carpels sessile, elliptic-globose, mammillate, yellow, glabrous, when ripe
2°5 in., long and 1°5 in. in diam. Seeds 2, plano-convex, testa stony.
Malacca; Maingay.
11. AR?rAborrys GRACILIS, n. sp. King. A slender woody climber,
60 to 80 feet are young branches dark-coloured: all parts quite
284
36
glabrous except the petals. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-lanceo-
late, shortly acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous and
shining, the upper when dry tinged with green: main nerves 7 or 8 pairs,
spreading, inter-arching inside the edge, very faint on both surfaces,
reticulations rather distinct: length of blade 2°5 to 3 in., breadth 1 to
1:75 in., petiole ‘15 to ‘2 in. Peduneles extra-axillary, short, much
hooked, glabrous, usually 4- to 6-flowered ; pedicels ‘35 in. long, thick-
ened upwards, ebracteolate, glabrous: flower *3 to ‘4in. long. Sepals
very coriaceous, semi-orbicular, slightly pointed at the apex, very little
conjoined at the base, concave, spreading Petals fleshy, sub-equal,
curved, spreading, densely tomentose, the outer 3 flattened; the inner
obtusely 3-angled, tumid at the base, smaller than the outer 3. Anthers
with broad apical connectival processes. Ovaries 3 or 4, oblong, with
large discoid lobed stigmas, torus villous. Ripe carpels 3 or 4, sessile,
oboyvoid, with several vertical ridges, the base contracted, glabrous, °8
in. long and ‘7 in. in diam. Seeds 2, compressed-ovoid, obtuse at each
end, shining. |
Perak: at low elevations, King’s Collector, Nos. 3746, 4987 and
7543.
Allied to A. suaveolens, Bl. ; but with differently shaped petals, pistils
aud carpels.
12. ARTABOTRYS SUAVEOLENS, Blume Fl. Javae Anon. 62, t. 30, 3LD.
A climber 20 to 30 feet long; the petals always tomentose, the other
parts mostly glabrous, but sometimes the young branches, peduncles, and
under surfaces of the midribs of the leaves adpressed-puberulous. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or shortly
acuminate, the base acute ; both surfaces shining, the reticulations rather
distinct, the upper often deeply tinged with green when dry. Peduncles
extra -axillary, thin at first, but becoming stout and flat with age, glabrous
or puberulous, bearing from 5 to 15 flowers ; pedicels ‘3 to ‘45 in. long,
thickened upwards, sparsely adpressed-pubescent, with a small narrowly
ovate bract at the base ; flowers about ‘4 in. long. Sepals broadly ovate,
the apex pointed, thinly coriaceous, sparsely adpressed-pubescent ex-
ternally, very slightly conjoined at the base, spreading, ‘1 in. long.
Petals fleshy, adpressed-tomentose, dilated and thin at the base, the limb
cylindric to clavate, sub-erect, slightly spreading, sometimes with the
apex incurved. Anthers short, with a very broad oblique flattened apical
appendage from the connective; torus slightly pubescent. Ovaries
broadly ovoid, sub-compressed, the stigma small. Ripe carpels few, ellip-
soid, the apex blunt, the base slightly contracted, smooth, glabrous, *4 to
‘5 in. long and 25 in. in diam. ; pericarp thin, fleshy. Seed single, ellip-
soid, blunt at each end, the testa granular. Wall. Cat. 6416; H. f. & T.
285
37
Fl. Ind., 129 ; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. 7, 55; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. I. Pt. 2, 39
Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. II, 43; Kurz For. Fl. Burm. I; Artabotrys
parviflora, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat, Supp., 375. Unona suaveolens, Blame
Bijdr. 17.
In all the Malayan Provinces at low elevations: common. Sylhet
to Malacca in British India.
This species varies somewhat as to size of flowers and texture of
leaf. The form named A. parviflora by Miq. in his Sumatra Sup-
plement was, by himself, subsequently reduced to a variety of this
species (Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. II, 38).
13. ARTABOTRYS COSTATUS, n. sp. King. A climber from 15 to 80
feet long: young branches slender, dark-coloured, scantily tawny-pu-
berulous when young, afterwards glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
elliptic-oblong, slightly oblanceolate, abruptly and shortly acuminate,
the base cuneate ; upper surface shining, glabrous except the lower part
of the midrib which is tomentose; lower surface paler, dull, sparsely
puberulous towards the base when young, afterwards glabrous; main
nerves 12 to 14 pairs, spreading, forming one series of very bold arches
‘3in. from the margin, with a series of smaller arches outside it, very stout
and prominent on the lower, slightly so on the upper, surface, reticula-
tions distinct on both: length of blade 7 to 9 in., breadth 2°5 to 3°25 in.,
petiole ‘2in. Peduwncles rather small, much hooked. lowers unknown.
Carpels (unripe) 2 to 5, sessile, ellipsoid, blunt at each end, about 1 in. long
and ‘6 in. in diam, (unripe), glabrous: pericarp thin ; seeds 2, elliptic.
Perak; on Ulu Bubong at elevatious of from 500 to 800 feet, King’s
Collector, Nos. 4291 and 10184.
I have ventured to describe this although its flowers are unknown,
and the only fruit collected is unripe. By its oblong costate leaves it
differs from every other described A:labotrys except A. macrophyllus,
mihi,
14. Arrasorrys Wray, King.
127
But, as I have stated in a note under H. micrantha, H. Dryobalanoides
appears to be a composite species ; moreover, its author nowhere describes
its flowers. For these reasons I think it ought to be suppressed as a
species.
7. RetinopenpRon, Korthals.
Resinous trees, with the leaves, inflorescence, and flowers of Vatica.
Ripe fruit globular, crowned by the persistent style, l-celled, 1-seeded,
the pericarp coriaceous, indehiscent. Calyx of ripe fruit slightly ac-
crescent, the pieces oblong, nearly equal, and quite free from, and usually
shorter than, the fruit (longer in, R. Kunstleri). Isauxis (sub-genus
of Vateria) W and A. Distris. Malaya and British India. Species about
10,
Isauvis was established by Wight and Arnot as a sub-genus of Vateria, Linn.
to receive the three species Vateria lancexfolia, Roxb., V. Roxburghiana, Wight and
V. Ceylonica, Wight (Stemoporus Wightii, Thw.) and its characters were, “ Segments
of the calyx ovate, acute, enlarging in fruit ; petals falcate and about three times the
length of the calyx: stamens 15 with oblong anther cells; style short; stigma
clavate, 3-6 toothed: panicles axillary, shorter than the leaves.” The other section
of Vateria suggested by Wight was Hu-Vateria (the Vateria of Linneus and of
which V. indica, L. is the type) and of this the characters are, “ Calya-segments
obtuse, scarcely enlarging in fruit: petals oval, scarcely longer than the calyx:
stamens 40 or 50 with linear anther-cells: style elongated: stigma acute; panicle
large and terminal. Korthals, evidently overlooking Wight’s Illustrations, pub-
lished (Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind. p. 56) his genus Retinodendron to cover
one of the very plants (viz., Vateria lanceefolia, Roxb.) for which Wight and
Arnot founded the sub-genus Isauwis; and to this Retinodendron Korthals added
his own Malayan species R. Rassak and R. pauciflorum. Although Isawwis may have
the priority as a sub-genus (Wight’s Illustrations were published in 1840, and
Korthals’ book, just quoted, bears the date 1839—1842), Retinodendron takes prece-
dence as a genus. The flowers of Retinodendron are exactly those of all the species
of Vatica (except the anomalous V. scaphula, Roxb.) inasmuch as the segments of
the calyx are slightly imbricate when the bud is very young, becoming valvate as
the bud advances in age; the petals are much longer than broad, their apices are
not inflexed in wstivation, and they are not spreading when expanded. The fruit
itself is also practically that of Vatica; but the fruiting-calyx is different, for its
lobes are invariably free from the beginning, they are pretty nearly equal to each
other, but (although slightly accrescent) they are in most cases shorter than the fruit.
As regards its calyx, Retinodendron is closely allied to Vateria, but it differs from
Vateria in its flowers; for in Vateria the stamens are numerous (40 to 50), the
petals are scarcely longer than the segments of the calyx and are spreading ; more-
over the inflorescence is longer in Vateria than in Retinodendron, and it is terminal.
In short, Retinodendron has the flowers of Vatica and the fruit of Vateria. Dr.
Burck forms Retinodendron and Isauwis into sections of the genus Vatica, giving
however characters to the section Isawxis which form no part of Wight’s original
characters of it as a sub-section of Vateria. In Dr. Burck’s section Isauwis, “ the
calyx-lobes are all accrescent, sub-equal to the fruit, or much longer,”
419
_—
bo
(7 a)
Hruiting-calyx shorter than the fruit.
Leaves 3°5 to 6 in. long: fruit'4in.indiam. 1. &. pallidum.
Leaves 7 to L0in. long: fruit "65 in.indiam. 2. R. Scortechinii.
Fruiting-calyx longer than the fruit . 9. EH. Kunstlert.
1. RETINODENDRON PALLIDIUM, King. A small tree (fide Dyer) :
young branches slender, deciduously puberulous, their bark pale. Leaves
coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, acuminate; the edges
entire, recurved when dry; the base acute: both surfaces glabrous,
the upper shining; main nerves 9 to 10 pairs, curving, oblique; length
3°5 to 6 in., breadth 1:2 to 1'8 in., petiole ‘4 to ‘5 in. Panicles axillary,
rarely extra-axillary, puberulous, 1 to 3 in. long. Flowers ‘45 in, long ;
Calya-segments ovate-lanceolate, scurfy-pubescent. Petals oblong, lanceo-
late, sub-acute, stellate-pubescent externally. Anthers broadly ovate,
with a short blunt apicalus. Ovary puberulous ; stigma capitate, lobed.
Fruit globular, about *4 in. in diam., glabrous, shining, very minutely
and sparsely lepidote, partially covered in the lower half by the slightly
unequal, spreading or sub-reflexed, narrowly-oblong, membranous,
3-nerved, reticulate calyx-lobes. Vatica pallida, Dyer in Hook, fil. FI.
Br. Ind. I, 302.
Penang: Maingay, on Government Hill, at an elevation of about
800 feet; Curtis, No. 117; King, Kunstler,
This is known only from Penang. It is evidently a rare tree. Its
fruit somewhat resembles (except in size) that of V. lanceeefolia, Blume.
2. Revinopenpron Scorrecuini, King, n. sp. A tall tree: young
branches rather stout, densely furfuraceous-pubescent. Leaves coria-
ceous, oblong, tapering to the sub-acute apex; the base slightly nar-
rowed, rounded: both surfaces glabrous: main nerves 14 to 18 pairs,
spreading, curving, prominent on the lower, depressed on the upper,
surface when dry, the transverse venation bold: length 7 to 10 in,,
breadth 2°6 to 3°2 in, petiole ‘6 to ‘75 in. Panicles crowded towards
the apices of the branches, mostly axillary, 2 to 25 in. long, the
rachises brownish flocculent stellate-tomentose, as is the calyx exter-
nally. Flowers *6 in. long. Calya-lobes ovate. Petals thick, oblong,
blunt, puberulous externally, glabrous within. Stamens elliptic, apicu-
late. Ovary minutely tomentose; stigma clavate. Ripe frwt sub-
globular, sub-rugose, vertically grooved, minutely rufous-scurfy, about
65 in. in diam, laxly embraced in the lower half by the broadly ovate,
membranous, many-nerved, reticulate, sub-equal calyx-lobes.
Perak: Scortechini, Nos. 1940 and 1942.
The calyx-lobes are nearly equal in size, quite free from the fruit,
much shorter, and they embrace only its lower half. This species is
allied to Relinodendron Rassak, Korth. (Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind. 56, t. 8,)
420
129
but has broader leaves and much more condensed panicles than that
species.
3. RerinopenpRon Kunstrert, King n. sp. A tree, 20 to 50 feet
high, sometimes a shrub: young branches slender, deciduously stellate-
puberulous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to oblong-lanceo-
late, sometimes slightly obovate, sub-acute or shortly and bluntly
acuminate ; the base cuneate, rarely rounded: upper surface glabrous,
the midrib and nerves pubescent; the lower quite glabrous ; main nerves
7 to 9 pairs, ascending, slightly prominent beneath: length 2°25 to 45
in., breadth 1°25 to 1°75 in., petiole ‘25 to 4 in. Racemes axillary, 1
to 15 in. long, sparsely scaly. Flowers ‘4 in. long. Culyzx-lobes ovate-
lanceolate, puberulous. Petals oblong-elliptic, oblique, obtuse, puberulous
outside. Anthers slightly and sharply apiculate. Ovary puberulous,
stigma capitate. Ripe fruit globular, with a long curved apical beak,
glabrous, about °25 in. in diam. Calyx-lobes all accrescent, sub-equal,
oblong, tapering slightly to the sub-obtuse apex, the base slightly
auricled, thickly membranous, glabrous, 3-nerved, the longest about
13 in. long, and ‘35 in, broad, loosely surrounding, and longer than, the
fruit.
Perak ; Scortechini, Wray, King’s Collector; very common at low
elevations.
In this species all the five calyx-lobes are accrescent and of nearly
equal size. They are quite free from the ripe fruit, round which they
form a loose semi-inflated investiture. Its nearest ally is Vatica
bancana, Scheffer, (Retinodendron bancanum).
8. Isoprera, Scheffer.
A tall resinous tree. Jeaves coriaceous, entire, feather-veined.
Flowers in axillary or terminal panicles. Calyax-tube very short, the
segments ovate-rotund, imbricate. Stamens 30 to 35, the anthers ovate,
the cells divergent at the base, acute, the valves equal, the connective
produced into an apical bristle-like appendage. Ovary 3-celled, the loculi
bi-ovulate ; the style short, terete, 3-angled at the apex. Fruit indehis-
cent, l-seeded, the pericarp coriaceous. Jruiting-calyz an open cup
not embracing the fruit; its lobes all slightly enlarged, spreading (not
winged); the outer 3 rotund, broader than the 2 narrower inner lobes.
One species—Malayan.
1. IsoprerA Bornewnsis, Scheff. MSS. ex Burck in Ann. Bot.
Jard. Buitenzorg VI, 222. A large tree: young branches slender,
dark-coloured, sparsely lenticellate, glabrescent. Leaves coriaceons,
oblong, sub-acute, slightly narrowed to the rounded base : upper surface
glabrous except the puberulous midrib ; the lower pale, glabrous ; main
421
130
nerves 8 or 9 pairs, oblique, slightly curving, prominent beneath ; length
4 to 5 in., breadth 1°75 to 2 in., petiole ‘5 in. Panicles 4 to 6 in. long,
stellate-pubescent; bracteoles caducous. Flowers shortly stalked. Calya-
segments minutely tomentose. Petals ‘6 in. long, pale tomentose.
Stamens 30 to 36, in 3 series, the filaments dilated at the base: anthers
with equal valves. Ovary sericeous, style glabrous. Ripe fruit sub-
globose, acuminate, pale tomentose, about ‘25 in. in diam. ; fruiting-calyx
forming a cup with a concave short tube embracing the fruit, the seg-
ments spreading, re-curved, the 3 outer ‘65 in. in length and breadth, the
2 inner smaller. Heim, “ Recherches sur les Dipterocarpacées,” p. 51.
Pahang: Ridley, No. 2626. Disrris. Bangka, Borneo.
Leaf-specimens of what appear to be this tree were collected by
Mr, Wray (Herb. No. 3426) in Upper Perak.
9. Batanocarpus, Beddome.
Glabrous or puberulous, rarely scabrid, resinous trees, with in-
conspicuous fugaceous stipules. Leaves entire, coriaceous or membran-
ous, penni-nerved. lowers secund, sessile or shortly pedicelled. Sepals
distinct or united at the base, imbricated, two quite external to the
others; in fruit sub-equal, only slightly enlarged, woody, thickened, and
forming a 5-lobed cup round the base of (but rarely enveloping) the
fruit, not adnate to it and never expanding into wings. Petals elliptic,
obliquely acuminate, the apices slightly inflexed in bud or not inflexed at
all. Stamens 15, attached to the bases of the petals, in 3 rows; or 10
in 2 rows, sub-equal, the filaments much dilated at the base, the connec-
tive prolonged into a straight apical awn longer than the ovate anther.
Torus flat. Ovary 38-celled, cells 2-ovuled, ovules collateral. Style
short. Stigma minute, entire. Fruit oblong or sub-globose, apiculate ;
the pericarp ligneous or sub-ligneous. Seed solitary, erect; cotyledons
fleshy, plano-concave, the larger 2- or 3-lobed, or entire; the radicle
prominent. Southern Peninsular India, Malaya. Probably 12 species.
Leaves glabrous, smooth.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate, caudate-acu-
minate.
Stamens 15
Fruit entirely enveloped in the slight-
ly enlarged calyx wad ww. Ll. B, Curtis.
Only the lower part of the fruit en-
veloped by the calyx .., ww. 2. B, penangianus.
Stamens 10 «vs
422
i ve 8 6B, anomalus.
131
Leaves narrowly oblong, gradually narrowed
to the acute apex.
Fruit 1°75 to 2°25 in. long: stamens 10 .., 4. B. maximus.
Fruit 1°5 in. long; leaves 4 to 6 in. long,
with 9 or 10 pairs of bold parallel
nerves we mt .. “Oo B. Heim.
Fruit ‘6 in. long: leaves 2°25 to 2°75 in.
long, with 7 or 8 pairs of slightly
prominent nerves ide » 6. B. Wray.
Leaves stellate-pubescent, scabrid ... .. 7. B. Hemsleyanus.
1. Batanocarrus Curtis, King. A tree 20 to 30 feet high : young
branches slender, the bark dark-coloured, puberulous, Leaves mem-
branous, ovate-lanceolate, bluntly caudate-acuminate, the base slightly
cuneate : both surfaces glabrous, dull; main nerves 8 to 10 pairs, spread-
ing, faint and scarcely more prominent than the secondary nerves ;
length 2 to 2°5 in., breadth °75 to 1 in., petiole ‘1 to'l5in. Panicles
axillary and terminal, shorter than the leaves, glabrescent, lax, each
with a few 3- to 5-flowered spreading branches. Flowers secund, short-
ly pecicelled, "15 in. long. Sepals distinct, sub-equal, thick, rotund-
ovate, very obtuse, puberulous outside, glabrous inside, the edges slightly
ciliate. Petals elliptic, obliquely shortly and bluntly acuminate, glabres-
cent inside, partly puberulous and partly glabrous outside. Stamens
15, in 3 rows, sub-equal ; the filaments shorter than the anthers, dilated:
anthers broadly elliptic, truncate, the connective produced into an
apical awn longer than the stamen. Ovary cylindric, truncate, glabrous,
the style short and stigma minute. Frwit smooth, globular, apiculate,
crowned by the sub-sessile discoid stigma, enveloped by, but not adherent
to, the slightly thickened sepals, ‘25 to ‘3 in. in diam. (calyx included).
Penang: Curtis, No. 1406. Perak: King’s Collector, Nos. 3171,
3294, 6543 ; Wray, No. 2860.
2. BALaNOCARPUS PENANGIANUS, King, n. sp. A tree 40 to 50 feet
high: young branches slender, dark-coloured, lenticellate, slightly
puberulous at the very tips. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate or
ovate-acuminate, often caudate-acuminate, the base slightly cuneate or
almost rounded, the edges slightly undulate, both surfaces glabrous :
main nerves 7 to 8 pairs, spreading and curving upwards, not promi-
nent on either surface ; length 1:75 to 4 in., breadth ‘8 to 1°6 in., petiole
25 to ‘4 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, hoary-pubescent, many-
flowered ; the flowers secund, 7 to 9 on each lateral branchlet, pedicelled,
‘15 to ‘2 in. long. Sepals sub-equal, broadly ovate, sub-acute, yellowish-
pulverulent, tomentose externally, glabrous internally. Petals oblong,
obtuse, twisted and with the apices reflexed in estivation, spreading
423
132
when expanded, minutely yellowish-pulverulent, tomentose outside,
glabrous inside. Stamens 15, sub-equal: apical awn curved, longer
than the anther. Ovary ovoid, narrowing upwards into the style ; stigma
minute. Frwitovoid, very slightly apiculate, striate, pale pubescent,
about ‘6 in. long and ‘3 in. in diam., the persistent calyx covering the
lower third of the fruit, sub-glabrous, thickened and concave at the
base; the teeth deltoid, spreading. Richetia penangiana, Heim in Bull.
Soc. Linn. Paris, 1891, p. 980.
Penang: on Government Hill, at an elevation of about 1,000 feet,
Curtis, Nos. 1429 and 1393; Hullett, No. 188; King’s Collector, No.
1534. Perak: King’s Collector, Nos. 3333, 3707.
The leaves of this species, although larger, resemble those of B.
Curtisii: but the fruits of the two are quite different. One of Mr,
Curtis’ specimens, No. 429 (communicated from Kew), forms the type of
a new genus called Richetia, which M. Heim has founded (1. ¢. p., 975,
alsoin his ‘‘ Recherches sur les Dipterocarpacées”’ p. 50), without having
seen its flowers. I have retained for this M. Heim’s specific name, while
referring it to Beddome’s older genus. The vernacular name of the
species is Dammar Htam.
3. BALANOCARPUS ANOMALUS, King. A tree: young branches slender,
dark-coloured, minutely lenticellate, the tips puberulous. Leaves coria-
ceous, ovate, acuminate; the base broad, sub-cuneate ; both surfaces
glabrous ; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, ascending, curving, not prominent :
length 2°25 to 2°5in., breadth 1 to 1:3 in., petiole 6 to "7 in. Panicles
numerous, axillary and terminal, longer than the leaves, pubescent,
their lateral branchlets bearing 6 to 8 sub-secund flowers. Flowers
shortly pedicelled, ‘15 in. long. Sepals broadly ovate, connate at the
base, obtuse, minutely tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Petals
elliptic, blunt, yellowish adpressed-sericeous outside, glabrous inside,
only about twice as long as the sepals, spreading and reflexed so as to
expose the stamens and pistil. Stamens 10, in two rows; the filaments
longer than the anthers, dilated ; anther short, ovate, its connective pro-
duced into an apical awn as long as itself. Ovary ovoid, striate, pubes-
cent, style short and thick, stigma small.
Kedah: Curtis, No. 1654.
Mr. Curtis is as yet the only collector of this, and his specimens
have no fruit. I refer it to this genus, although its flowers differ from
those of the other species known to me, in having petals only about
twice as long as the sepals, spreading and reflexed so that the andro-
gynecium is quite exposed ; and in having only 10 stamens In other
respects the specimens agree with Balanocarpus. Its vernacular name
in Kedah is Malaut.
424,
133
4, Batanocarrus maximus, King, n. sp. A tree 60 to 80 feet high :
all parts except the inflorescence glabrous : young branches rather stout;
the bark, loose, papery, lenticellate, pale. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
eblong to elliptic-oblong, sub-acute, slightly narrowed to the rounded
base; main nerves 7 to 9 pairs, slightly prominent beneath, the trans-
verse veins slightly prominent when dry: length 5 to 7 in., breadth 2
to 2°5 in., petiole °5 to°6im. Panicles axillary or terminal, about half
as long as the leaves, few-flowered, minutely tomentose. Flowers sub-
sessile, 6 or ‘7 in. long. Sepals broadly ovate, the outer two tomentose,
the inner three more or less glabrous externally, all glabrous internally,
the inner two with ciliate margins. Petals much longer than the sepals,
narrowly oblong, the apex erose, expanded and concave at the base, ad-
pressed-pubescent outside and towards the apex inside, otherwise gla-
brous. Stamens 10, in two rows; anthers with a deflexed terminal
appendage from the connective. Ovary elongate, narrowly conical, seri-
ceous. Style rather short, glabrous; stigma small. Ripe fruit cylindri-
cal, tapering to each end but most to the apiculate apex; pericarp
woody, striate, sub-glabrous, pale-brown when dry : 1°75 to 2°25 in. long,
and ‘6 or*7 in. in diam. Persistent sepals fibrous, forming a toothed
cup about ‘5 in. deep, embracing the base of the fruit.
Perak : King’s Collector, Nos..7987 and 8006.
The flowers of this fine species do not exactly answer to
Beddome’s diagnosis of the genus Balanocarpus, inasmuch as they have
10 instead of 15 stamens, and neither of the cotyledons is lobed. In
other respects the flowers and fruit agree perfectly.
5. Barayocareus Hein, King n. sp. A tree 50 to 60 feet high :
young branches rather slender, the bark dark-coloured, puberulous
or glabrescent, Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong, tapering to the
acuminate apex, and slightly narrowed to the rounded base; upper
surface glabrous, shining, the midrib minutely pubescent: lower
surface glabrescent except the pubescent midrib and 9 or 10 pairs of
ascending, bold, slightly-curving nerves: length 4 to 6 in., breadth
1 to 1°75 in.; petiole ‘3 or ‘4 in., with minate black tomentum. Flowers
unknown. Ripe carpels cylindric, tapering to the apex, slightly nar-
rowed to the base, 1°5 in. long and ‘5 in. in diam.; the pericarp woody,
sub-glabrous, sub-striate, dark-coloured when dry. Persistent sepals
sub-equal, puberulous, thickened, forming a 5-lobed cup °6 in. deep which
embraces the base of the fruit. Pderrea Penangiana, Heim, MSS.
Penang: Curtis No. 273 (leaves only). Perak: King’s Collector,
No. 3718.
This tree, of which as yet only fruiting specimens have been found,
so closely resembles the other Malayan species of Balanocarpus des-
425
134.
cribed here, that I refer it without any hesitation to this genus.
M. Curtis’ leaf specimens of this have, I understand, received from
M. Heim the MSS. name, Pierrea penangiana. The genus Pierrea
has been founded by M. Heim (Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1891, p. 958,
and ‘ Recherches sur les Dipterocarpacées”’, p. 78) on specimens of
which the author has not (as he admits) had the advantage of seeing
the flowers. The vernacular name of this tree in Penang is Chengah,
and its timber is, according to Mr. Curtis, very valuable. In the
State of Perak, on the mainland almost opposite Penang, another species
(B. Wrayt) receives a similar vernacular name.
6. Baranocarpus Wray, King n. sp. A tree: young branches
slender, dark-coloured, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong,
gradually tapering from the middle to the acute apex; the base sub-
cuneate or rounded, slightly unequal-sided: both surfaces glabrous ;
main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, curved, oblique, slightly prominent beneath :
length 2°25 to 2°75 in., breadth °75 in.; petiole ‘25 in., transversely
wrinkled. Panicles axillary and terminal, nearly as long as the leaves.
Flowers unknown. Fruit ovoid, much apiculate, glabrous, *6 in. long,
covered in its lower two-thirds by the persistent sub-accrescent glabrous
calyx ; outer two sepals smaller than the others, elliptic, obtuse, the
inner three rotund, all thickened and concave.
Perak: Wray, No. 813.
Collected only once and without flowers. According to Mr. Wray
the timber of this tree is valuable, and its vernacular name is Chingt, or
Chingal. I refer this (in spite of the absence of flowers) to Balanocar-
pus, the other species of which it so closely resembles.
7. Baxranocarrus Hemsteryanvs, King, n. sp. ?
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> 4
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= pe
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