i Hy) nani ot Dias rites FOR HOS OUIE CMM MM AL SM nu) orb ae ate is " ib Hatetigs caw n> Museum of \ Na, 1869 THE LIBRARY UM. NSLAND MUSE 7 1 44 | QUE Vi) THE iS OF \MOTK 1 V) UE PLATE I. neem LENT, MEMOIRS 5:06 (G43) OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM WEE. TEL WITH PLATES AND FIGURES IN THE TEXT. EDITED -BY THE DIRECTOR Pet AMLYN- HARRIS, J.P., D.Se., F.L.S., F.R.M.S., F.Z.5.,. &e. ISSUED JANUARY 28, 1915. BY AUTHORITY : ANTHONY JAMES CUMMING, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, BRISBANE. —_— 7 Pie; a | MO ene TRPT PIR SAL eh. / age. SAS GH 00 eee = ; . * ; , a F ? ‘ ad = 7 « ak L. @ he, a sutid ee ees ~ f mers = - « © Said var , i . ‘ ee - THE PAGES IN THIS VOLUME HAVE - BEEN INTERLEAVED WITH AN ACID FREE PAPER TO PERMIT BINDING © AND To REDUCE. FURTHER DETERIORATION.) ow, CONTENTS. PAGE. New Room Cases in the Queensland Museum—Plates I-IV - — - = = = = = j-2 On Certain Implements of Superstition and Magic, Illustrated by Specimens in the Queensland Museum Collections— Plate Vo - - - — - -- -- ~ - R. Hamlyn-Harris, D.Sce., &c. _ 3-9 Some Evidences of Papuan Culture on Cape York Peninsula— Plate VI - - - - - = - ~ - R. Hamlyn-Harris, D.Se., &c. - 10-13 Malekula Effigy, as Illustrated by a Specimen in the suse eae Museum Collections—Plates VII and VIII — - R. Hamlyn-Harris, D.Sc., &e. —- 1415 Some Notes on the Assassins’ Batons of Malaita—Plate IX — Douglas Rannie ~ - - 16-18 A Supposititious Top-Boot in the Sep ee Museum Collec- : tions—Plate X - - - - ~ - = R. Hamlyn-Harris, D.Se., &e. - 19 An Interesting Relic of the Early Days of Australian Explora- tion—Plate XI - - - - - - - - R. Hamlyn-Harris, D.Sc., &c. -— 20-21 A New Phalanger from North Queensland — = = = Heber A. Longman — - — 22-23 On a Giant Turtle from the Queensland Lower Cretaceous— Plates XIT and XIII -* = = = = = Heber A. Longman — - —- 24-29 Reptiles from Queensland and the Northern Territory—Plates XIV and XV_- - - - - - — - Heber A. Longman ~— _ — 30-34 Scales of Some Australian Fishes — — - - - Professor T. D. A. Cockerell, Uni- versity of Colorado = —- 35-46 Notes and Illustrations of cee Fishes—Plates X VI- XVIIL ~ ee — = = = = Allan R. McCulloch — - -— 47-56 Edible Fishes of Queensland, Part III, ietacites| 1 SEES XIX-XXVIII - - - - - J. Douglas Ogilby - ~ — 57-98 Review of the Queensland Pomacanthina — - - - J. Douglas Ogilby - ~ — 99-116 On Some New or Little-known Australian Fishes—Plates XXIX and XXX - - - — - - - J. Douglas Ogilby ~ - — 117-129 Ichthyological Notes, No. 2 - ~ - ~ - - J. Douglas Ogilby - - — 130-136 Notes on the Genus Megachile, ete. — - - - - H. Hacker - - - — 137-141 Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea I : Second Supplement— Trichogrammatide - - - - - = - A. A. Girault - - - — 142-153 Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea II : Second Supplement— Mymaride - - - - - - - - A. A. Girault - - — — 154-169 Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea III: Second Sup- plement—Elasmide -—- - - - - - - A. A. Girault - - - — 170-179 Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea Iv: Supplement— Eulophidze - - - - - - - - A. A. Girault - - _ — 180-299 Australian Hymenoptera. Chalcidoidea V: Supplement— Perilampidz = = — - - - - = A. A. Girault - - - — 300-312 Australian Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea VI: Supplement— Pteromalidz - - 4 - - - - — A. A. Girault —- - - — 313-346 ETST OF SLATES: Plate I - = New ‘“‘ Room” Show-case No. 1—Emus - - - - — Frontispiece Face Page Plate IT - - New ‘“‘ Room” Show-case No. 2—Kangaroos and Wallabies — - = 1 Plate ITI = - New ‘‘ Room”’ Show-case No. 3—Phalangers, &ce. — - - ~ - 2 Plate IV = - New ‘“‘ Room” Show-case No.4 — - = = = = = = 3 Plate V - - Certain Implements of Superstition and Magic - - - ~ - Hi Plate VI = - Evidences of Papuan Culture in North Queensland — = = - - 12 Plate VII. -— - Malekula Effigy - ~ ~ - - = = = = = 14 Plate VIII —- - Head and Shoulders of Malekula Effigy — -- - - - - - 15 Plate IX ~ - Assassins’ Batons from Malaita — - - =: = = = = 17 Plate X - - A Supposititious “‘ Top-Boot” — - - — = = = = 19 Plate XI ~ - “‘ Investigator’ Tree in new Aboriginal ““ Room” Case — = - - 20. Plate XII —- - A New Cretaceous Turtle, Cratochelone berneyi Longman; Ectal View of ‘Plastral Plate — - - - = = = = = = 27 Plate XIII — _ Cratochelone berneyi Longman; Ental View of Plastral Plate — _ - 28 Plate XIV — - Diemenia carinata Longman = = = — = = = 2 31 Plate XV —- = Dipsadomorphus fuscus Gray - - _ = = = = = 32 Plate XVI, Fig. 1 — Pseudochromis nove-hollandie Steindachner — = = a = = 48 Plate XVI, Fig. 2 — Pseudochromis nebulosus (de Vis) — - — = = = = oe 48. Plate XVII — - Lutianus superbus (Castelnau) ~ - - — = = = = 52 Plate XVIII — - Lutianus amabilis (de Vis) — - - = = = = = = 53 Plate XIX — - Decapterus russellii (Riippell) -- - —- = = = = = 59 Plate XX — - Alepes kalla (Cuvier & Valenciennes) — - - = = = = 62 Plate XXI — - Caranz speciosus (Forskal) — - = = = = = = = 67 Plate XXII — - Carangus bucculentus (Alleyne & Macleay) - - - - = = Fe Plate XXIII - Citula gracilis Ogilby — - - ~ - = = = = = 75. Plate XXIV — - Citula chrysophrys (Cuvier & Valenciennes) — - - - = = Tz Plate XXV — - Citula aurochs Ogilby — - - - - = = = a = 79: Plate XXVI — - Alectis indica (Riippell) - - _ - = = = = = 83 Plate XXVII - Alectis ciliaris (Bloch) — = - - - - = = = = 88. Plate XXVIIT - Trachinotus botla (Shaw) - - - - - = = - = 93 Plate XXIX, Fig. 1 Melanotenia maccullochi Ogilby — - - - - - - - 118 Plate XXIX, Fig. 2 Asterropteryx semipunctatus Rippell - = - - - - 118 Plate XXX — Reganichthys magnificus Ogilby = — = - - - - = = a> Rede Ores 4 Leite ‘ ee ty < é . . . ‘ - ' . } 7 . , 1 He - a > g i at fa " MUM. 7 Vv) TSE LAND MI CY L») +7 GN 41 - y QUI 7 vi IMOIRS OF THE 1 4 MI PLATE IL a] © tt) oo} j= o = a neil: wh 7 iain, saa hs nh bak Rite ore | ‘oe bh oie in ey Sar ky Hint D sha eer } 1 tetra’ ce, in) Reprents) ” ah Gnataisils rota & he TN @ ad ee my odd‘ te ERs eh itirier 4 whieh re bath ¥ % npr is i; af ios fe ‘ Les J A SOK zh aoe od iain mit ik Ve puattinad of a fweditaliurd At Noval cerns and i hephartanst Bitin. Ay ) ih the ¥ FOS ih ense { Pis Ly q oF, y if avernn boindy the sanctity Was Ay urin, ‘hand ‘the Reantinoata, 0 ry \/ \ xf fy 1 ah 29 Las OLR poe ras ea aN ; ne * \ eproshigatte. bile! stones sheet ii, ** Nie Meena “wunahoe Wee ake ice ante a Le | { f } hv ue . ) ” oil rr i L & ‘ 4 4 A eur z a Liat } g ( hu 4 . wt 4 ‘4 1 , | “* Sy y Ye aj \ i < ’ A ia r hi : ‘ e As tls J eee ts OF BO AA. eae di: 1" : —- iy Vena a2 pA aE (hn arte a, * > | uf) A iced Fee any "oe . af — ‘ ' 4% ae i. } ay pepe aly, } afd sealant, i yeast, Rs 2) a ih te my " f ; t j 5 ¥ 7 i fa Mt “toes iy ita hadebess’ ah ] 4 e é “ . oS - i. =—s Caidantnsc aed -® ia ee pa NEW “ROOM” SHOW-CASES IN QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. (Plates I-IV.) THE ground-floor attractions of the Queensland Museum have been greatly increased by the opening of four large room-cases, each practically 12 feet square. These were formed by the casing-in of alcoves, the cost of construction thus being small when compared with the results obtained. Whilst arranging these cases, precedence was given to the more characteristic Australian animals. In the one (see Plate I) adjoming the Bird Court, a number of Emus, with young and eggs, are appropriately grouped in plain country representing the habitat m which they were secured. Large head and side labels give both scientific and popular information as to the classification and habits of these birds. : | Representatives of the genus Macropus are given a natural setting— although unavoidably crowded—around a waterhole in the case illustrated by Plate II. The artist-taxidermist (Mr. A. Alder) has skilfully introduced stony country, and this fades so imperceptibly into the background that it is difficult to say which stones belong to the canvas painting. A key to the species is given by means of a diagram, with circles placed to correspond with the position of different animals. Australian Phalangeride form the principal objects of the third case (Plate IIT). A scrub scene occupies the background, and in the distance the artist has worked in the outlines of a Queensland mountain. Included here are the beautiful North Queensland Opossums (Dactylopsila trivirgata, Pseudochirus archert, and P. herbertensis). This case is one of the most striking objects in the Museum. In the fourth case (Plate IV), Polyprotodont specimens have been intro- duced, among them being the Tasmanian ‘* Devil,’’ the Marsupial Wolf, Native Cats or Dasyures, and the Bandicoots. Wombats are also shown, these being in 2 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. characteristic association with a burrow. In this, as in the preceding ease, it has not been possible to adhere strictly to close classification, and thus representa- tives of more than one family appear together. With the accommodation at present available, a restricted group system would have prevented the exhibition of many specimens of great interest. In order to simulate as nearly as possible a natural environment, several other specimens quite outside the Marsupialia, such as butterflies, a bird, a snake and a lizard, appear as in their usual condition. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to avoid using a small proportion of old and imperfect material in these cases, but as time goes on it is anticipated that these will be replaced by new specimens. Side labels giving descriptive and systematic information have been introduced on a generous scale. At a distance of 2 feet, a brass bar is placed in front of each case, and the glass fronts are thus protected.—H.A.L. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Puate III. New ‘‘ Room’’ SHow-CaAsE, No. 3. Face page 2. M. Tr ] 4 vi NSLAND MUSE = vps QUEE ’ Vv) OF THE S > vA WOLIL MI PLATE LV. Face page 3. IMPLEMENTS OF SUPERSTITION AND MAGIC.—HAMLYN-HARERIS. 3 ON CERTAIN IMPLEMENTS OF UR Hiccalaeg us AND MAGIC, ILLUSTRATED BY SPECIMENS IN THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. By R. Hamiyn-Harris, D.Sc., Etc. (Dir=cTor). (Plate V and Two Text-figures. ) THE appalling rapidity with which the Queensland aborigines are dying out justifies the publication of these few particulars. Every year the chance of saving their relics and the story they have to tell becomes more and more remote, and indeed it is questionable whether even now it is not too late. There are few localities in Queensland where the influences of civilisation are not apparent, and the native of to-day when speaking of himself and his forbears prefers to draw upon his imagination rather than speak the unso- phisticated truth; sometimes he is unable to do so, but be that as it may, the difficulty of sifting the truth from that which is false is becoming increasingly more difficult. These facts were brought home to me afresh during a recent tour in North Queensland, observing this kind of thing at first hand. Little reliance can now, unfortunately, be placed upon anything a blackfellow tells you except in very rare instances. His imaginative faculties run riot on every possible occasion, and the more credulous you become the more does he delight to impose upon you. I have often been struck, in conversation with a native, how imperfect his memory seems to be and how easily connected ideas fade into insignificance, characteristics leading to the rapid elimination of knowledge of customs and beliefs. It is astonishing, also, how easily the native brings himself to believe that which he fancies to be the case. JI do not think this ignorance is assumed, but real. I have seen implements and weapons made by aboriginals about which there can be no possible doubt that they are of modern manufacture, with ideas incorporated, which they themselves have acquired within the last decade or sc—implements which bear in every detail of their manufacture the mark of a bungler—and yet these people will declare most solemnly that they and their forefathers have used such from time immemorial. In order to safeguard the interests of scientific research, it is necessary that some mention should be f MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. made of this, especially in view of the fact that tons of material of such faked implements leave our shores yearly to find a way into the collections of other countries ; hence it is well to place those that are not aware of it on their guard, and in the interests of square-dealing to question the honesty and integrity of those whites who cause the natives to indulge in such practices, purely for the financial advantage that may accrue. With the advance of civilisation, magical practices particularly are the first to retreat into the background, and hence the importance of saving every possible record while opportunity permits. The Queensland aborigine differs. from his brethren in central and other parts of Australia by the comparative simplicity of his public life. The absence of such elaborate totemic organisations and devices as are recorded of the Arunta’ tribe, for instance, has doubtless. been instrumental in limiting the power of the heads or so-called medicine men of the tribes, and consequently there is an accompanying decrease of magic and superstition, which seems to be particularly noticeable in Queensland, and manifests itself in various ways. Further, it is very suggestive that the absence of ‘‘ hereditary chieftainships’’ synchronizes with the non-existence of elaborate ceremonial totemism. There is a remarkable paucity of objects associated with superstitious ideas, and although doubtless many a simple stone, stick, or ‘* what not ’’? may have been used for magical purposes in the past, unfortunately history records but few instances. The cause and effect is doubtless due directly or indirectly to the food supply, for as long as the country can guarantee the native a liberal diet, the tribes, nomadic only within a limited area, live com- paratively peacefully and the exercise of magical influences becomes corres- pondingly diminished. The death of any one member of their tribe, natural or otherwise, was always the signal for revenge and lust, and their firm belief that death could only be due to the evil intentions of someone else was doubtless: responsible for the magical death-bone as a medium by which such a death could be easily avenged. The use of the death-bone’ has been almost universal’ and is still in vogue to-day in some of the out-of-the-way places of the State, but whether it is actually ‘‘ pointed ’’ and ‘‘ sung ’’ or not, its presence alone is still a powerful safeguard in the possession of such as would seek protection from the hands of a wilful foe; many women never venturing out after nightfall without having such a bone carefully secreted in their hands.” The concealment of the death-bone is responsible for much ingenuity on the part of the native at times. *Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, 1904. 2Dr, W. E. Roth, North Queensland Ethnography—Superstition, Magic, and Medicine— Bulletin 5, paragraph 144, Brisbane, 1903. * Miss ©. C. Petrie tells me that her father, Mr. Tom Petrie, knew no death-bone amongst the members of the old Brisbane (Turrbal) tribe. This is very astonishing. *On the authority of Mr. M. J. Colclough. f ‘ : ‘ “ - haat o. bSnO erates! rege pee oh (a , : On ft iK (he “id i Wiha ovud., A urat1 iy a Wit by pt aa of fie Dl art ) yanertten: a * ioe = §6AnhnTartS Live al, nhs ‘A tip rg! ont ee he er Gel +2: ee 8) 1 fe iy : me in a A ? wigs: t Le ~ tne », 4 “Son yeas Shictn ea the he de 2) ‘ah inant Ce hd la} Ure r | nopgersvy Sheree! ak PF or 7 P ; 7 eens ry at VMN orisha : ‘ ~~ } wii a ee va ’ on f We 4 \ thy ina " . " en ney, oh . . , Li Wey ‘ mm Tlie ia hu Pl ” » Pa mevedd | ie pe 7 . % » ‘ ait! Ld '@ ¥ 7 % @! 7 he ae - i a” y \ peal Fur i % : ’ i on 5 ake "7 ’ A e@ Vw’ 4 maT eR i i , Moi jill 4) TY . degnlnn he” AM ’ eh ha be vies oa 4 P j \ he an 1 0 ee 4 dt 4 unt aii taal 7 ea ee vet i} Hehe Tae if hee I ie ean pee ee Tide dM ae Hae Py ae) wie b TOA 1 if Me Yi 2 A ee / 4 tla 2 Pa OT) ea | ale +h Peles’: Pb en | haw, (PD oA IN dys inn, ” total, Hl, doe yak Aa i AR | iM é dh ren IMPLEMENTS OF SUPERSTITION AND MAGIC—HAMLYN-HARBRIS. 5 From the aborigines of the Roper River district, the Wongalarra tribe (Ura- punga), Northern Territory, where death- bones are usually of the smaller variety, comes a ceremonial head-dress collected by Mr. M. J. Colelough in 1909,.carrying in its interior a death-bone, the presence of which is entirely unknown to anyone save the owner. When the plume is no longer in use the .death-bone is placed in its bark 6 sheath and secreted away. (Q.M. Specimen E = No. E 11/304.) Plate V, Figure 1, demon- c = strates a Burdekin River specimen of a Es death-bone in a bark sheath, bound with B ° human hair and securely fastened with aie native gum, both ends of the sheath being ; a provided with tufts of emu feathers. The ba A sheath of such a specimen as this is really ; Be intended as a disguise. and.as the bone is ae securely fastened with gum one would é = naturally suppose that it would not be ji ~ withdrawn except on special occasions. In eS: g reality, this is the case. Only .at great ¢ Ay ceremonies—arranged to settle all kinds of é is disputes—would such a death-bone be E opened up and used, to be again sealed RD securely after the affair was over. Text- figure 1 is a radiograph’ of this implement showing the outlines of the death-bone in its interior; the bone probably represents the proximal end.of an emu tibia with part of the fibula in position, the upper portion being anchylosed. This death-bone is typical of a more elaborate implement than is usually used in Queensland. Specimens of this sort are rare. (Q.M. Specimen No. QE 14/558.) °I would here like to acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. Doyle for his kindness in making the radiograph for me.—R.H.H. 6 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Thomas® amongst others .tells us that a great part of the medicine used by the aboriginal is mere mummery, magical performances which at best act through suggestion. To the lay aboriginal mind these magical performances are the real thing, and, taught.as the native always has been to look upon them with awe and mystery, he really believes in their efficacy; but the medicine man himself knows better, and although the power of the. magical is strong upon him, he is nevertheless aware that his whole power and status in the tribe has. been acquired through.trickery practised when required of him. No one knows better than he the impotency of many of his own methods, which he dare not betray except to the very few selected men, who.ultimately share his impostures. with him. . One of the most universal practices amongst savayes is that surrounding the quartz crystal, which is put to all kinds of uses, and first and foremost repre- sents the native medicine man’s principal stock-in-trade. The sucking of a stone or a piece of quartz from the wound of a patient—real or imaginary— is usually accompanied with an amount of magic at the expense of the victim, who is often made to suffer considerable punishment. (Coen River and elsewhere.) Even severe gashes are inflicted before the magic stone can be brought to the surface, the victim never suspecting the fraud that has been. practised upon him. We have in the Queensland Museum collections three wooden hardwood points which are claimed to have been drawn from the head of a sick boy by a native doctor (Glenormiston, N.W.C. Queensland). @.M. Sp. No. QE 14/547.) There is probably a connection between these and the wooden splinters referred to by Roth’ as characteristic of certain parts of the Peninsula. In connection with these he says: ‘* Sickness is brought about by some other boy putting a wooden splinter or bone into the patient.’’ Several such bundles of splinters, said to have emanated from the now extinct Lankelly tribe, are also in our collection. (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/553 and 554.) One of these also contains. two wallaby metatarsals and are undoubtedly charms, though Roth states that ‘* wooden splinters at the Coen are believed to be spear-points,’” but even these: °N. W. Thomas, Natives of Australia, 1806, chapter 3, page 43. ‘Roth, North Queensland Ethnography, Bulletin 5, paragraph 137. *The Lankelly tribe, probably an offshoot of the greater Nggeri-Kudi tribe, occupied’ the territory along the banks of the Lankelly, a tributary of the Coen (Pennefather) River,. Cape York Peninsula. * Roth, Bulletin 5, paragraphs 139 and 140. PLATE V. QUEENSLAND ABORIGINES. CERTAIN IMPLEMENTS OF SUPERSTITION AND MAGIC. Ld Face page 7. IMPLEMENTS OF SUPERSTITION AND MAGIC.—HAMLYN-HARRIS. 7 may have been used for magical purposes. Mr. Coghlan, of Glenormiston, to whom we are indebted for a great number of valuable donations, mentions a splinter of wood which had entered the fiesh of a combatant during a fight, This was extracted by him and given to the tribesmen, who, after a solemn ceremony, wrapped it in emu feathers and red cloth and were with difficulty persuaded to part with it, since in the hands of an enemy it might be used in sorcery against them. (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/552.) Medicine men of the now extinct Lankelly tribe used the quartz crystal also for reflecting images (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/548), and therefore it would not be unreasonable to suppose that even they whiled away their time practising in their crude way the art of ‘‘ crystal-gazing.’’ That the crystal has been put to other uses as well is evident from the fact that we have in our collections two large quartz crystals joined together with gum and partially coated with human hair on the surface, evidently a crude representation of a bird’s head. The exact locality of this charm is unfortunately unknown. (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/549.) Charms on the whole are not very plentiful; any pebble or similar object will sometimes do duty as a talisman, and I have seen in North Queens- land small stones worn in a dilly-bag under the arm as a protection against all dangers. Fluor-spar also seems to possess a special virtue, why or how used I have never been able to ascertain. Mr. Thomas Illidge (now of Brisbane), who was for many years in close contact with the natives in the early days, gives me the following account of the efficacy of magic and the wonderful power of suggestion, from his own expe- rience ; it is therefore worthy of more than passing notice :—‘‘ Many years ago I had a blackboy working for me, but having missed him for a few days I pro- ceeded to the camp and found he was sick, and under the care of an old black ‘ doctor’ who explained to me what was the matter, and his method of treat- ment. He said the boy was sick because some other blackfellow had cast a spell on him and gave him a pain in his side. The old man’s treatment was to put a green (untreated) *possum-skin (fresh), the hairy side up, over the painful spot, pressed fairly tight. He then made a flat stone about the size of the bottom of a small saucer very hot in the fire, and put it on the ’possum skin and left it as long as the boy could stand it. He said the hot stone melted the fat” and that went into the boy and would make him alright. The boy was at work again in a day or two and said he was alright. I looked for that stone but could “Cf. Roth, Ethnological Studies, chapter xi, p. 284. 8 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. not get it, and the ‘ doctor ’ said, ‘ Can’t find him any more.’ It had done its work and I suppose could not be used a second time.’’ In the Idamere district an emu phalanx, bearing the native name of ‘‘Koolburrie’’? (Q.M. Sp. No. QE 14/555), is used by the women as a cheek and by the men as a hair ornament. The bone, which is cemented at one end with native gum, savours, however, much more of a charm, and I am personally convinced from comparative study of the latter characteristic. Perhaps later further information on this point will be forthcoming. A curious gin’s charm from Boulia, also in the Queensland Museum collections (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/557), consists of a pair of kangaroo teeth mounted in gum (not unlike a groover) and fastened to a message stick, cut only on one side (see Figure 5, Plate V), and worn round the neck. These details are given on the authority of Mr. J. A. Watson, who collected and donated it. Another charm, shown in Figure 4, Plate V, bearing the native name of ‘‘ Tikovana,’’ or ‘* Mantaka,’’ comes from the locality of the Herbert River (Q. M. Sp. No. QH 14/559.) It is reputed to have been used in battle, and consists of a rude oval of very soft wood, the upper portion of which is decorated with a painted human face (eyes sunk into the wood), whilst the lower portion is elaborately painted in black, red, and yellow, and evidently is intended to be worn round the neck. The design is so remarkably like those of certain fire-sticks from the localities of Cardwell and the Johnstone River, that one cannot fail to be struck with the similarity ; hence it is not outside the bounds of possibility that this charm may be the result of a little modern imagination. Magic stones of various sizes and of natural shapes are variously em- ployed. At Glenormiston a magic stone, in shape not unlike an emu egg, though smaller, is used for emu capture (see Figure 6, Plate V.) (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/390.) To obtain a plentiful harvest of emu eggs a nest-like hollow is formed on a hilltop and the emu ‘‘ Mulkari ’”’ laid on it; incantations are then made to propitiate the ‘‘ Mulkari ’’ or supernatural influence whose favour is sought.” Magic medicine stones occurred to my knowledge in the Cairns district and were in vogue for curing headache by tapping the affected parts more or less energetically, according to the severity of the symptoms; th= effects of such magic would doubtless be very efficacious. (Q. M. Sp. Nos. QE 14/391 and 392.) (See Figures 2 and 3, Plate V.) 1 Doubtless the spirit of ‘‘ Mulkari’’ of the North Queensland medicine men is the same as referred to here. See Roth, Ethnological Studies, chap. xi, para. 260; Ibid., chap. 13, para. 320. IMPLEMENTS OF SUPERSTITION AND MAGIC.—HAMLYN-HAEFRIS. 9 The amulet to which Roth refers’ may be described as ‘‘ a cure-all.’’ A number of specimens in the Queensland Museum collections were examined by me under X rays, and disclosed the fact that only a very small minority carry a piece of slender bone in their interior. (Q. M. Sp. No. QE 14/560.) An interesting example of a rain-stick has recently been presented to the Queensland Museum, and I am indebted to the donor, Mr. T. Illidge, for the few details regarding West of Clermont. it. This carved stick, 755 mm. in length, is one originally used by Queensland aboriginals’® west of Cler- Q. E. 15/612. mont for the purpose of making rain. The stick, quite plain on the under side, was much valued and, as with similar instruments used elsewhere, was tabu to the women, and has much in common with those referred to by Roth.4 The method of use was for one of the old members of the tribe, without the knowledge of the camp, to hide this stick in one of the half-dried-up waterholes, then notify to the camp the necessity of a corrobborie; after which the men only, accompanied by the old man as guide, commenced a search, visiting a number of holes before reaching the correct one, where the stick was unearthed. They then gathered themselves together in a circle and The reverse side is quite plain. Specimen No.: threw mud and water up in the air and over themselves until sunset, when they returned to camp and commenced another dance in which all male members of the camp took part and waited expectantly for the downpour of rain. Text-fig 2—QUEENSLAND Ratn-Stick, obverse side (} reduction). All over, the stick would be again secreted in some rocky cave, where it would remain until further required. The text-figure gives a good idea of the carving on the surface, the circles representing the sun and moon. 2 Roth, North Queensland Ethnography, Bulletin 5, paragraph 154. % For purposes of conveniences am using the term ‘‘ Aboriginal ’’ in a more restricted sense as denoting individualistic traits in contradistinction to racial characteristics as implied by ‘“ Aborigine.” 14 W. E. Roth, Ethnological Studies, chap. xii. 10 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. SOME’ EVIDENCES OF “PAPUAN “CUERGIRT ON CAPE YORK PENINSULA. AS ILLUSTRATED BY SPECIMENS IN THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. By R. Hamiyn-Harris, D.Sc., Etc. (DIRECTOR). (Plate VI.) More writers than one have referred to presumed Papuan culture on Cape York Peninsula, and the list of objects illustrating it is now a formidable one. The Queensland aboriginal was never an inventive genius, and his implements and weapons are remarkably constant, but that he is a born mimic and imitator is very apparent. Hence it is not to be wondered at. that he at times, under the influences of foreign infiltration, discarded some of his native implements for those of other peoples, instances of which may be found in the substitution of the primitive few coverings for the luxury of the bark blanket’ and tappa cloth or the safer outrigger for the original native bark canoes. The point has been raised as to whether there was an infusion of Papuan blood over this area, but this idea does not meet with favour, especially amongst those acquainted with local conditions in the early days. Even as far back as 1802, when Captain Flinders landed in the Peninsula he found the natives anything but the fierce cannibals that the Dutch had led him to believe they were; ‘‘ of bow and arrow not the least indication was observed at the Coen River ’’ [or elsewhere].” In spite of the fact that it is said that the bow has been found in the extreme north, it is only to be regarded as an immigrant from New Guinea, no attempt having ever been made by the natives to manufacture such an article. It is, however, interesting to note that Meston in a letter to me says that he found some small boys on the Pascoe River and at two or three other points of the sea-coast using small bows and arrows merely for amusement, the grown men never taking to this weapon. He further says: ‘‘ The tribes at Cape York, * Walter E. Roth, North Queensland Ethnography, Bulletin 15, paragraph 56, Records of the Australian Museum, 1910. *Tbid., Bulletin 14, Transport and Trade. e °N. W. Thomas, Natives of Australia, 1906, page 16. * Flinders, Voyage of Terra Australis in H.M.S. ‘‘ The Investigator,’’? London, 1814, vol. 2, page 146. °It is extremely interesting to note how soon the boys learn to use their weapons. Quite small youngsters will become adepts at throwing the spear, and their elders give them every | encouragement. PAPUAN CULTURE ON CAPE YORK PENINSULA.—HAMLYN-HARRIS. 15 the nearest of all to the Papuans, have never, since history has given a record of them, copied the bow and arrow from the Papuans, although used on all the Torres Straits islands. The islanders used both the bow and arrow of Papua and the woomera and woomera spear of the mainland aboriginal, but the mainland men copied nothing from the islanders, their sole weapon being the woomera spear, the nulla and the boomerang being unknown. Nor did they use any shield, all parrying being done with the woomera.’’ I think it is fairly evident, from a study of the objects of presumed exotic culture, that the Papuan infiltration had taken place within comparatively recent times, and may be traced to the time when the Papuans were first employed on the Barrier Reef in the béche-de-mer and pearl-shell fisheries.” That these Papuans should fraternise with the mainland natives on various parts of the coast was only to be expected, and we may be’ sure that intercourse must have taken place very frequently ; hence we find the introduction of the hour-glass pattern in weaving, vegetable pigments used in addition to mineral pigments, plait-work with pandanus, vegetable ornamental strands made with dendrobium.’ Ear-boring was indulged in, widow basket caps, bamboo tobacco pipes’ were introduced, and alterations in hut construction” became apparent. Drills and reversible adzes were found more convenient. The wearing of the Conus shell for personal adornment and the hole in the bailer shell” for carrying purposes all testify to outside influence. The same may be said of the use of feather-work and initiation masks, and the utility of the sucker-fish in hunting other fish did not fail to attract their attention. Evidence, however, is not quite so strong in support of the pineapple club, or the comb used at Princess ° Cf. W. E. Roth, North Queensland Ethnography, Bull. 14, paragraph 11. “Cf. W. E. Roth, North Queensland Ethnography, Bull. 15. *The tobacco pipe in Northern Queensland deserves here a short notice. There are several of these in the collections of the Queensland Museum, and, except in those cases where they are undoubtedly immigrants from New Guinea, they represent a very rough type of poor workmanship. Though sometimes made of bamboo they are frequently manufactured from the stem of a hollow or hollowed-out branch, one end of which is closed with gum and bored with two holes as in the New Guinea pipes, and used in the same way. Several kinds of weeds as well as bamboo segments are smoked. Pipes of this type come from the Cape York Peninsula. We have in our collection, however, one specimen, closed at both ends, which is said to have come from the locality of Moreton: donor, Mr. A. Haly. This specimen (QE 14/572), which is 540 mm. in length, may have been transported there. Another interesting specimen is a bamboo tobacco pipe made by the Russell River blacks, and was collected some years ago by Mr. Henry Tryon at Green Hills, Cairns district. Its length is 678 mm. (Q.M. Specimen No. QE 14/570.) An elaborately carved specimen, ornamented with a typical New Guinea design and marked as coming from Cape York, is really an introduced type which has been somewhat knocked about and mended again by means of some sort of cloth and gum cement. This specimen, No. QE 14/569, is 554 mm. in length. Cf. W. E. Roth, N.Q.E.,; Bull. 16. ™Cymbium flammeum, Bolt. 12 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Charlotte Bay, the harpoon and the fixation of iron adzes by dovetailing. Wrestling,” which is also indulged in the Peninsula, may possibly be due to influences other than Papuan. The Queensland native probably had no idea of boiling water; hence it is difficult to explain the origin of the use of it in the North. The idea may have come to them from another source or it may have dawned upon them by chance; on the other hand, it may be due to Papuan culture. These few remarks bring me then to the object of this paper, viz., to place on record a few interesting ornaments, several of which emanate from the Lankelly tribe. There seems to be some doubt as to the exact locality traversed by the now extinct Lankelly tribe of the Cape York Peninsula, but Senior Sergeant James Whiteford, who about thirty years ago occupied the position of Protector of Aboriginals in the Coen district, kindly tells me that the so-called Lankelly tribe occupied the territory along the banks of the Lankelly River, a tributary of the Coen (Pennefather) River, from the coast 60 miles inland, and was a portion of one of the larger tribes which of late had split into various smaller groups. This tribe seems to have come into contact with Papuan influences rather more than the rest of their western neighbours, though not to the same extent as on the east coast, where Papuan interest was naturally far greater.” Dr. Haddon has kindly drawn my attention to the fact that many of the objects of presumed Papuan culture are nothing more or less than immigrants from Papua. This can hardly, however, be said of the various specimens shown in Plate VI. Figure 5 represents a pendant consisting of a native gum cylinder with the seeds of Abrus precatorius, Linné., embedded therein, which is suspended by a thin cord. The upper portion, however, is drawn to a point and so shaped to accommodate a small cap of native plait-work, the lower portion of which is made of pandanus and the upper portion of narrow strips of lawyer cane, total length 201 mm. (Q.M. Specimen No. QE 14/574.) i 7 - r y a) ia ~ a + 4 a 29 J ~ ¥ . “a « « . wer it Ae “ pity pee vd dbite te ve cheta tan 0G? « WS @ ’ i ' ‘ y “J ° + PAPUAN CULTURE ON CAPE YORK PENINSULA.—HAMLYN-HARRIS. 13 one of tiese” is tringed with human hair and is worn suspended by stout cord around the neck, so we are told.” This breast ornament is made in various sizes, and specimens in our collection (five in all) range from about 275 mm. down to 160 mm. in length.” | In 1893, Mr. Kendall Broadbent, who was then collecting for the Queens- land Museum, obtained two curious breast ornaments bearing the native name of ‘‘Gubullaga,’’ two specimens of which are shown in Figures 1 and 2. They are very much damaged, but the two together give a fair idea of what the specimen was like when intact. It consists of a crude human head worked in very soft wood, on a stem with a fairly regular engraved pattern on upper surface only. The face was provided with pearl-shell eyes, three of which have now fallen out. (Q. M. Specimens No. QE 14/580 and 581.) It might not be out of place here at this particular stage to refer to the musical instruments which occur fairly plentifully in the Northern Territory, and are evidently of Malaysian influence. A specimen in the Queensland Museum, having been described as a ‘‘bird-call,’’ measures 992 mm., is open at each end; one end is decorticated and gummed, the rest decorticated in lengths and the intervals are ornamented with rude incised patterns evidently made with a sharp instrument. This comes from Port Darwin, Northern Territory, Mr. E. Spalding being the donor (Q. M. Specimen No. E 14/461). I believe I am right in saying that it is hardly likely that such an implement would be used as a ‘* bird-eall,’’ in view of the fact that most of the natives are able to mimic bird-sounds remarkably well without any mechanical assistance. These instru- ments are only used in rehearsals for corroborees, small groups of men (ten to twelve) taking part in these. The boomerang is clapped together, whilst a musical instrument of this kind is kept going all the time, the sound being like the booming noise of the male emu, and can be heard some miles distant on a still night.” : “The other specimens were doubtless also provided with it originally—the hair in the others seems to have completely worn off. *Ts it possible by any chance that this curious ‘‘ ornament ’’? might have had some phallic significance, or been worn as a pubic cover? Our knowledge of these things is so incomplete that we are left in the dark as to its real import. %Q.M. Specimens No. QE 14/575-579. “On the authority of Mr. M. J. Colclough. i4 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. MALEKULA EFFIGY. AS ILLUSTRATED BY A SPECIMEN IN THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. By R. HAmiyn-Harris, D.Sc., Etc. (DIRECTOR). (Plates VII. and VIII.) We have in our collection an effigy from Malekula, New Hebrides, and although specimens of this kind have been previously referred to, their growing scarcity warrants a few descriptive remarks to the accompanying plates. The south end of Malekula is inhabited by people materially different from other inhabitants of the island in a great many particulars, and who stand out as a peculiar race from any of the other natives of the New Hebrides group. Some of their remarkable characteristics are particularly noticeable in their dealing with their friends after death. Mr. Douglas Rannie, who spent some years in the islands, has been good enough to supply me with the followmg information :—‘‘ After death the cranium and as many of the bones as can conveniently be gathered are collected and put together in the form of an effigy resembling the human form. The body is composed of a framework made from bones, sticks, grass, and fibre all inlaid with clay, which is ornamented - and painted with various coloured pigments, the whole being surmounted by the skull of the deceased, on which is replaced the original scalp which has previously been removed for the purpose. These effigies are then placed in upright positions around the walls of the council chamber known as the ‘ Amil’ house. Arrows are shot into the eye-sockets, presumably to deprive the dead from all knowledge of the doings or actions of posterity. In many instances the most prized posses- sions of the deceased during life are placed within grasp of the effigy.’’ Now, although these remarks may hold good in the main, our Queensland Museum specimen is, I think, not prepared quite in the same way, since I cannot discover the presence of human bones in the framework, with the exception of the typically elongate head, but is apparently simply put together with sticks, grass, and fibre, and matted together with clay. Individual specimens show consider- able minor differences. Some have feet; ours has the appearance of walking on stilts, being minus feet; in addition, each knee is decorated with a small head. The Melbourne Museum specimens carry nothing in their hands—in fact, they do not possess them, they only appear to have stumps coming to a point; and whereas the latter possess most elaborate shoulders drawn to a great height over the head or mask with two faces on each shoulder one above the other, our specimen contains only one face on each shoulder and is not unduly prolonged. | = Pee rc \ a, ae : = & . " - 4 ge a at fg . - \. = = wT - . . | : “3 ae ; . | —_ i a ; ; - gl koa tee Ce ‘ . » Pada @ L - Pi 1. al : > ; i ay : ‘fe ‘ ih : ue ey’ > ar ‘ co A m a - ; i) , ' _ = ¥ cr { * - ¥ ~ LU . a Sir t > Maal Sad 4 * , ol . ' ; “A ’ ' 1 5 i y ie 5 > ' “i i | ‘ “iS i > mae ih 7 ‘ _ its) \ * < re j y ca Hae ni aM “i ae A 16h he oe heal . " 7 Je oe i. Rei |) =" Paes ; 7 ey 4 “ er : i ete ie s ' i ey ere th a a? Ve A rere ‘ hear - yy - py it ole Ib lie scl. de PMP ONG: aR le a PuLaTE VIII. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. HEAD AND SHOULDERS OF MALEKULA EFFIGY. Face page 15. MALEKULA EFFIGY.—HAMLYN-HARRIS. 15 Thesé effigies seem to be entirely restricted to people of importance, and doubtless, as previously stated, are chiefs’ monuments, the main object of which seems to be to perpetuate their memory. The Queensland Museum effigy measures 5 feet 7 inches in length, with a chest measurement of 1214 inches, and comes in all probability from South-West Bay. The right arm, which is 3214 inches in length to the finger-tips, is slightly longer than the left arm, which only measures 3014 inches, and each hand holds the jawbone of a favourite pig which has been sacrificed at his death, to enable the spirits to accompany their master through the shades of Lelemis, the spirit- world of these strange people. The Queensland Museum is indebted to Mrs. Belbin, widow of Captain Belbin, ‘* Boro Belle ’’ schooner, one of the old Queensland labour vessels, for this interesting donation. *Edge Partington, Plate 55, Ethnographical Album of the Pacific Islands, 3rd series, August, 1898. 16 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. SOME NOTES ON THE ASSASSINS’ BATONS OF MALAITA. By DoucLas RANNIE. (Plate IX.) Mauaira, the largest and most densely populated island in the British Solomon Group, is one of the few localities at the present time left unexplored. Truly wonderful rewards await the scientific explorers who have the courage to face and overcome the difficulties lying in the path of those who would penetrate and probe the mysteries of these superstitious, wild, savage, and murderous people who dwell in the dark forests and mountain retreats of that beautiful island. A hundred miles long and twenty-five across, the island appears from the sea to be one vast forest, which, clothing the sides of a thousand hills, rises to far-off mountains. Through the jungle and glades of this dark forest there swarms a silent, desperate, cruel, and treacherous people. They kill and are killed, and feast on human flesh. The bush people and mountaineers for generations past have waged a deadly feud with the coastal tribes, and stray trespassers on one another’s terri- tories, if surprised, meet with instant death, or, if captured alive, with a lingering death of torture. At stated times, by mutual consent, hostilities are suspended, and the sea-coast and country parties meet on neutral ground set apart as market places, where their women exchange and barter their varied produce and commodities, under the protection of armed guards of men from both sides. The mixture of races on Malaita is also indicated by the variety of weapons and implements used in warfare and hunting, as well as the ornaments adopted for personal adornment. Whereas in most islands throughout the Solomon Group the natives confine themselves to particular kinds of lethal weapons, discarding all others, the Malaitans employ all the offensive weapons commonly used by all races inhabiting the neighbouring and adjacent islands, such as clubs and wooden swords of various designs, together with spears, bows and arrows, slings and stones, as well as daggers made from wood, shell, and bone. Many of their arrows and some of their spears, in workmanship, are peculiar to Malaita, but most of the other weapons have their counterpart in different islands. But the baton-shaped implements shown in the illustration of some of the specimens in the Queensland Museum are peculiar to the southern district of Malaita only. They are known by repute but never seen in any of the northern or central parts of the island, and they are quite unknown in any other part of the Pacific. On the south-east coast of the island they get the name of ‘‘ Hau,’’ and on the | | s SA & ite : ay a) SW ' *- bs Ne y teeny ‘ ia : hee te \ j ; Loan H , Cee eae, } t+, > ae he ae oe od yi “a rip® Geese st 4 V4 t sn Peabbus ah we ae lid p r yeouith ‘7 é oe oe PRs tat} F bee ri a a ) ae yt oma ; Pr ve . ‘ 4 ad i ’ ' P ity ; ‘? ‘ toe igi ae ut Yh Sein . en 4 % [ J + ayy}? eern “ee oe ; i { r my . Ma sock outed, = WA ‘ % ma 4 | rer, ae a . | yer meee ( als, yak Rey Ly? 8 pews " : x ; a ad auth a 4 i » i > rth tit eer ay own wy ee" u ts Pit HOP bigs Une hel, wis Fk ae ih: |) a ae | Te a a dteriene ri NE ae ia a: ey ee y Deak opie - yeh mig, od Wikies igh 4 be Val oy vobianied: ute Al he ; La pale ST), Va Peat Riek mid. EPH Lay oy 8 iy AS ve a” oy ipa merle ea: @ ; nm. than. tenia ee HR ate ey BOP The ™ Wats vy | ry a neisinnt \ et 19 li ayrnel ul pants i Hab 2 Nh sie hit, ays Aha? ite Wee ag Oa be ctl) ARGS reat a. Le ) rye i! rp Ut ners 4 PuatTe IX, MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, ASSASSINS’ BATONS FROM MALAITA. Face page 17. ASSASSINS’ BATONS OF MALAITA—RANNIE. uly south-west that of ‘‘ Subey.’’ Composed of hard, heavy wood, they are beautifully inlaid with a small fretwork of tastefully carved pieces of mother-of-pearl! shell, artistically arranged and fixed in mosaic fashion to indelibly adhere to the stem of the baton with a pigment made from the fruit of the Parinarium laurinum, which hardens as firm as cement and takes a polish equal to the finest lacquer. The knob at the end is incased in a network plaited with fine strands from the outer skin of rattan cane. This cane network is frequently lined with pulverised iron pyrites to give the baton additional weight. Although formidable articles in appearance and quite serviceable for use should occasion arise, I have never heard of their being used as weapons of offence; they are simply worn as badges of distinction by the bravoes or hired assassins of Southern Malaita. And these murderous braggarts delight to swagger about in a crowd at one or other of their numerous festivals or dances each with his ‘‘hau’’ or ‘‘ subey’’ suspended from his neck by a chain or necklace composed of native currency, to which are added the teeth and sometimes the jaws of their victims. I was informed by the chief of Supina, Southern Malaita, that a young man is sometimes chosen who has never previously taken human life; he is directed to set forth and kill some particular individual; a ‘‘subey’’ is handed to him as a death warrant, and he goes forth to perform his mission well knowing that he dare not return to his own village to restore the ‘‘subey’’ or emblem of death to his chief without sufficient evidence of the accomplishment of his murderous errand, under the penalty of death to himself. Specimen No.: Q.M. E 13/295. (Plate IX, Fig. 2.) No. 1.—In length measures 392 mm. The lower half of the staff is studded with about 150 small fretwork pieces of mother-of-pearl shell inlaid and fixed with a strong preparation made from the nut of the Parinarium laurinum, A. Gray. In a similar manner a pearl-shell disc of the circumference of a shilling is let into the base. The upper part of the staff is polished hardwood, surmounted at the apex with a globular knob encased in woven grass work. In this instance the knob is not part and parcel of the baton, but is attached to the staff by the woven grass work, which passes through two holes perforated in the hardwood, and additionally strengthened by two rings of plaited cane, dyed red, bound round the juncture of the globular end with the staff. Specimen No.: Q.M. E 13/300. (Plate IX, Fig. 3.) No. 2.—Measures 426 mm., and somewhat resembles No. 1, but its base is shaped like a fishtail; and it is more elaborately inlaid with the fine mother-of- pearl fretwork. These small pieces of pearl-shell on this baton number about 360. At the termination of the shell ornamentation the staff is circled by a ring of the small discs of shell which compose the native currency, numbering 21. B 18 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Specimen No.: Q.M. E 14/455. (Plate IX, Fig. 4.) No. 3.—Measures in length 342 mm. Three-quarters of the staff is inlaid with about 135 pieces of carved pearl-shell. The portion between the grass-woven globular end knob is covered with closely plaited canework dyed a bright red. To the red canework a cord is attached for suspending the baton around the owner’s neck. At the end of the cord is a clasp for securing it, cut from a nautilus shell. From two beadwork strings at the base hang human teeth, trophies of murderous tragedies. No. 4.—Q.M. Specimen E 13/296. Length 403 mm. (Plate IX, Fig. 1.) No. 5.—Q.M. Specimen EF 13/297. Length 355 mm. (Not figured.) No. 6.—Q.M. Specimen E 13/388. Length 888 mm. (Not figured.) All resemble No. 3 in ornamentation, but, unlike 1, 2, and 3, they are all made from one piece of wood each, having no separate globular top; and in these three specimens the wooden top is plain, with the exception of No. 4, which has two mother-of-pearl stars embedded in the wood. None of them are incased in woven grass work, such as in Nos. 1, 2, and 3, but each is sheathed from the terminus of the pearl-shell ornamentation to the bare knob with red dyed cane plaiting, from which hang the neck cords with shell-clasps. 3 ou wilt. a sy | PLATE X. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. A Svupposititious ‘‘ Top-Boort.’’ A SUPPOSITITIOUS TOP-BOOT.—_HAMLYN-HARRIS. 19 A SUPPOSITITIOUS TOP-BOOT, IN THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. By R. HAMiyn-Harris, D.Sc., Etc. (DIRECTOR). (Plate X and One Text-figure.) THERE is in the collections of the Queensland Museum an ethnological ‘specimen of great interest but of doubtful locality and significance. The object represents what may be designated as a ‘‘ top-boot’’? made of cocoanut fibre ornamented with distinct designs in white, red, and black, yellow being also Text-fig. 1—The pattern on the sole of the ‘‘Tor-Boor”’; designed in black, red, brown, and yellow (3 reduction). introduced, and labelled as such I find it entered in one of the registers—No. 6082. I am not in the position, however, to either contradict or confirm the statement, since though it may have the shape of a ‘‘ top- boot ’’ it is hardly to be supposed that it would be used in that way, especially as the upper portion is sewn to the sole so that communication between the upper and lower portions is entirely impossible. In order to make these few remarks more intelligible, the specimen has been reproduced on Plate X, of which the front view is given. The ornamentation on the back is very similar, and as there is an interesting design on the sole of the object, a figure of this (Text-figure No. 1) is also reproduced. The question naturally arises as to what can be its use, and on this point I am quite unable to throw any light. Mr. Douglas Rannie has suggested the possibility of such a boot being used for the Malekula effigies, and, since the lower limbs of these are usually mere stumps, it does not require a very extensive amount of imagination to attribute to these ‘‘ top-boots’’ such a function. The effigies would doubtless find them useful. Somehow this explanation does not meet with favour, and even if such were the case it has yet to be proved that this specimen came from Malekula or the heighbouring islands. It is to be earnestly hoped that, if any information concerning this could be obtained, ethnologists will not fail to communicate with the author. 20 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. AN INTERESTING RELIC OF THE? EAR DAYS OF AUSTRALIAN EXPLORATION. By R. Hamiyn-Harris, D.Sc., Etc. (DIRECTOR). (Illustrated in Plate XJ.) THE exceptional interest attaching to the ‘‘ Investigator’’ tree from Sweers: Island, Gulf of Carpentaria, demands some slight notice, in view of the fact that the greater portion of the tree has now been safely housed in one of the larger cases in the Aboriginal Court of the Queensland Museum. It would appear that the first date and name to be marked upon this tree was ‘‘ 1781 Lowy,’’ the name of an early Dutch sailing vessel commanded by Captain Tasman, and secondly ‘‘ 1798,’’ together with some Chinese’ characters. It was usual at that early date for the Chinese to visit the Gulf waters for the purpose of collecting béche-de-mer. Some years prior to the arrival of Captain Flinders on Wednesday, 17th November, 1802, a junk was wrecked on the island, and a number of the crew who were saved lived on the island until rescued by a Macassar prow. The mast of the junk was of teak-wood, and is still, I believe, to be seen on the beach. Flinders marked this tree with the figures and word ‘‘ 1802 Investigator’” prior to his leaving the island in December of the same year. The words ‘‘ Robert Devine’”’ (first lieutenant) are remarkably well cut. In 1841 Captain Stokes’ inscribed the name of his vessel, the ‘‘ Beagle,’’ upon the tree. The exact situation of the ‘‘ Investigator’’ tree and the well close to it he obtained from Flinders’ charts and diary. In 1856 ‘‘ Chimmo,’’ a lieutenant and naval surveyor in command of the *« Sandfly,’’ cut his name on the tree. In his diary he speaks of finding a well which Flinders sank on Sweers Island and which he describes as being rather brackish. Further, the tree was found and marked by Captain Norman, of the *Voyage of Terra Australis in H.M.S. ‘‘ Investigator,’?’ commanded by Matthew Flinders, London, 1814, volume 2, page 135. *Two Chinese spoons and some coins, from this very point where Captain Flinders saw the skeletons referred to in ‘‘ The Voyage to Terra Australis,’’ are now in the possession of Captain W. C. Thomson, s.s. ‘* Wyandra,’’ to whom I am indebted for much valuable assistance.. ® Stokes, Discoveries in Australia, London, 1846, volume 2, page 270. ve: is . : Vn): ME MOLES GASH agg h 8 Oy yaar. ii ae? a ¥ J r hk : 7 i} 7 > uy ¥ ik { 7 ‘a k i) a — eae a v } ey ‘ y i 7) ag é } | t A? } 7 . A \ 7? é i we : i] 7 7 : > - , t] f 1 a . ; - a . 5 7 ‘9 Bis ¥, 4 : 4 ?- _ mr ’ (>) \ ; i pal _ a aa : ( fy ’ Pe . on : - ° - Wr } ’ : Jd’ At . ¢ a 4 } aa ee — } ! ; 1g aN, at ’ i ’ : 7 hi) #4 Teeseroarcs.’' Tate iv New Apomiatag Hoen Cran ewes Fs bar un a> by Pin = > A 0 RELIC OF EARLY AUSTRALIAN EXPLORATION.—HAMLYN-HARRIS. 21 ship ‘‘ Victoria,’’? who came from Melbourne in 1861 to meet the overland exploring party led by Burke and Wills. Our Queensland river is named after Captain Norman. In addition to these marks it was reported by Captain Jones in August, 1887, that the following names and dates were distinctly legible :— NAE. NOV. 20th 1856. THE EXPEDITION 1861. Wid, ELAY, KARL TEATS 1856. W. C. A. MILES. LcH.S 186i; W. S. HOWELL. W. SOLBY. A.H.T. 1866. D. CLOUSTON 1866. J. MARTIN 1861. A. AUSTIN 1861. W. LANDSBOROUGH 1866. The majority of these are now, in 1914, no longer visible. The tree was blown down in 1887 after a heavy gale, and soon after procured by Captain Jones for the Queensland Museum. Captain W. C. Thomson obtained the upper portion of this same historic relic from Pilot Jones (in the same year), and this is now in his private collection in Brisbane. 22 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. A NEW PHALANGER FROM NORTH QUEENSLAND. By HEBER A. LONGMAN. PSEUDOCHIRUS (HEMIBELIDEUS) CERVINUS, sp. nov. THROUGH the kindness of Mr. E. J. Holyoake, the Queensland Museum received in April last the skin of a female ‘‘ fawn-coloured opossum’’ from the dense scrubs of the Atherton Tableland. This differed so markedly from all known forms that it was noted as new. The sender had recognised it as a very rare animal, stating that residents in the district for thirty years had heard of it. from the blacks as being very uncommon and only procurable in the one locality. Unfortunately, the skull of the first specimen was not available, but, in response: to requests from the Director, Mr. Holyoake promised to do all in his power to: obtain another. To his efforts we are now indebted for a second’ skin (male) and. an accompanying skull. This very handsome Phalanger belongs to the subgenus Hemsbelideus,. which Collett rightly established in 1884 for the reception of Pseudochirus lemuroides with its comparatively short and broad skull.t Externally, however, its general appearance is so very distinct from Collett’s species that cranial divergencies were also anticipated. Although these to be noted are by no means remarkable, it must be remembered that Oldfield Thomas? and Collett have placed on record the striking cranial affinities of some species of Pseudochirus, and also of P. lemuroides itself to the so-called Flying Phalanger, Petawrus volans, Kerr. Form and dimensions similar to P. lemuroides, but the tail is equal in length to both head and body. Fur long, fine, soft and silky, nowhere adpressed, also long on the limbs and tail and even sparsely covering the dorsal surface of the claws. Colour uniform fawn above, below and on limbs, with the exception of the lumbar region, which is decidedly lighter, and the head; the distal portions of the hairs are glossy, but the proximal parts are silver gray. Head much lighter from the nuchal region forward; throat and chest scarcely varying from dorsal colouring. Ears almost naked inside, long-haired on the posterior part of their hinder surfaces; 20 mm. in length but not projecting much beyond the long fur. * Collett, P.Z.S., 1884, p. 385. Collett, Zool. Jahrb., 1887, p. 923. * Oldfield Thomas, B.M.C. Marsupialia, 1888, p. 185. NEW PHALANGER FROM NORTH QUEENSLAND.—LONGMAN. 23. Tail longer than those of our specimens of lemwuroides, evenly clothed with fur like a Trichosurus; portion naked underneath not so long as head; extreme tip naked all round. The skin of the male specimen is not in good condition, but no definite colour differences are manifested by the sexes. Skull and teeth closely resembling our series of P. lemuroides. Across the zygomatic processes the new species is relatively wider, and the nasals reach almost to the base of the first incisor. The naso-premaxillary suture exceeds that of the naso-maxillary. The lower jaw has on each side a distinct foramen in the masseteric fossa, a feature which, although inconstant in many of the Phalan- geride, is apparently not found in P. lemuroides. Taking into consideration the points above noted, P. cervinus otherwise presents almost a facsimile of the skull and lower jaw of P. lemuroides as figured by Collett (loc. cit.). Skull dimensions: (¢) Length 55 mm.; width 38 mm.; max. length nasals: 16 mm., greatest breadth 8 mm., least breadth 3-3; length of anterior palatal vacuities (foramina incisiva) 4 mm. In this specimen the suture between the basi- and pre-sphenoid bones is obliterated by postero-lateral processes of the vomer which apparently unite with pterygoid extensions; it is thus impossible accurately to obtain the facial index. Loc.: Atherton Tableland, North Queensland. Type in Queensland Museum: Reg. No. J14/2016. 24 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. ON A GIANT TURTLE FROM THE QUEENSLAND LOWER CRETACEOUS. By HEBER A. LONGMAN. (Plates XIT and XIII and Two Text-figures. ) Ir has been a matter of surprise to those interested in paleontology that the Queensland Cretaceous formations have as yet yielded comparatively few remains of the giant reptilian forms which characterised Mesozoic faunas. The paucity of described species is probably due to lack of systematic research, and, as time goes on and our inland areas are better known, further fossil remains, perchance providing novelties rivalling the grotesque monsters of other lands, may be exhumed. A collection of fossils found on Sylvania Station, twenty miles west of Hughenden, gives encouragement to this hope, for these, although fragmentary, point indubitably to the presence of a giant Chelonian whose proportions are not dwarfed by the monster turtles of the London Clay or the American Archelon and Protostega. The Queensland Museum is indebted to Mr. F. L. Berney, whose efforts in the cause of Australian science have already made his name familiar with local workers, for the deposition of these valuable remains in our national collections. Just as in America the first described fragments of the giant Archelon and other Protostegide were supplemented by fairly complete skeletons, so we hope that our Queensland formations will later afford examples which will permit of comprehensive reconstruction and probably shed light on the phylogeny of the group. Although the outlines of the Australian Cretaceous sea are not as yet comprehensively defined, there is considerable evidence for an eastern land barrier connecting Australia with Asiatic regions and also stretching further south. If this barrier were continuous with northern continental regions, associations with our Cretaceous fauna should be more frequent on the western side (where breaks in the land barrier are suggested) than on the Pacific border. W. S. Dun? has shown that the marine fauna of Western Australia exhibits ‘* marked affinities (and identity) with European and Asiatic species,’’ but he notes a “‘ lack of community’’ between the Mesozoic fauna of the west and that of the vast eastern beds (from whence our fossils come). He speaks of these last as a ‘‘ Cretaceous Mediterranean,’’ and refers to the ‘‘ numerous species peculiar to the region and many endemic genera among the Mollusea.’’ But this endemic character of our Cretaceous molluscan fauna can scarcely be projected into the accompanying larger vertebrates such as the immense Ichthyosaurians and Plesiosaurians. Similarly we dare not suggest merely a local range for this new giant Chelonian, especially when we remember how cosmopolitan is the habitat of several far smaller turtles at the present day. Thus it is by no means *W. S. Dun, Handbook of Australia, B.A.A.S., 1914, p. 296. GIANT TURTLE FROM QUEENSLAND LOWER CRETACEOUS.—LONGMAN. 25 improbable that other remains related to our fossils may ultimately be found in synchronous deposits elsewhere. Zittel has pointed out that of the imperfectly known Cretaceous and Tertiary marine turtles which have been placed by some authors in independent families, numerous examples are perhaps most nearly related to the Chelomda.? Whilst the plastral plate to be described cannot be associated with any of the forms treated in literature available to the writer, the bones of the shoulder- girdle and limb-fragments point irresistibly to Chelonoid affinities. Until further remains are forthcoming it would be unwise to state an arbitrary systematic position, but temporarily the giant Queensland Turtle may be placed in Gray’s family Chelonide of Baur’s superfamily Chelonoidea, under the name of Cratochelone berneyi. The generic name is in obvious contradistinction to the small Notochelone costata, Owen,* from the same district, supplementary portions of which were described by De Vis.t Here it may be appropriately mentioned that Ramsay noted ®* ‘‘ a portion of a pelvis,’’ received from Lord Howe Island, on which no generic conclusions could be based, but which he stated ‘‘ will prove to belong to a large sea-turtle.’’ CRATOCHELONE BERNEYI, gen. et spec. nov. (Reg. No. Q.M. F.14/550.) The fossils consist of four portions of the left shoulder-girdle, with the proximal ends of the left humerus, radius and ulna, and when received these were largely superimposed and the whole crushed down on an incomplete plastral plate, which had also sustained a transverse fracture. All the bones were heavily invested with a fine hard ‘‘ dirty stone-coloured ’’ matrix, and great difficulty was experienced in exposing the natural contours. Some of the associated cavities were infilled with calcite. Specimens of the common bivalve shell, Aucella hughendenensis, Eth. fils, were found in the matrix. vines oh ie : 7 «> ye § tite 5 ‘danoid arte 9 Mu i ie ee, Tim aparly wera % mien fusth are Wetine io | Rtn vile vena a ii region pee: he fig, lines blu Dre hina’ avery ” eos i atte teueuily, be eas nanmess mr a: ATTA) ‘i SL unien mrey EN i) ee 'y Le io in- Ei »! Bee . Lane i seins: hewn 9 qoadcly paAtinbis iio 3 x \ an ia Romar | the sip a . Oo ai eae ae | , tpvie’ dae ‘ it righ: able dave . ‘Th UA Nat Bi 6 wales are age rout js ‘ah id) ina ey * ai site _! y* | é fhe cain Saat a ( Les Pr pio &a . ov aint ve veHdet doth reaped yl hie?e i | ix ‘ lbs r }y yt ns. " joie eg ish i? . sr@hne a kt the ¥ if : a 2) . mo [te pbarpiaglie’ TM cuntinadies By yt teh, . Firm eile bees diy} j “—— re we % vets cy Werribee: Fated Oundey i 23°to 13 longy a < bony § evil! f ‘ulLopuad 5. hie Ble wa any ot tho weereing) tadth al A afta. ‘t de i oh if t ie " re “i ey rk via: Oi Pehle. if vb baltiey | ny. tle = ‘i ¥ niga i< ii | iv) ie fe 6 : ¢.<1 ve vu ¥ fine. i fie mw the. vie mae ‘a thant id ai WEB, IDs ‘| ye edt / Wirvronlar at sabipet locate, iP uf piven te < tion tansy ich Pofere at i ry one 7 ge bid hi Sbey pare jer thay 7: wally’, ‘phil belo 7 r | iy a +i gehige pane anata «ith ” 7 we Wewent yen. , The pioate: pats soe aie i a ‘t aoe area rat" De AY PLT) tie ”~ A Poh ole sas Be et pee ayes pee Y tae ae eel type as wh wey 43h whi t ital, cae . * Shine *: \ Ber ‘tally i a ’ ? 4 yun , , 4 t. ar? A ¥ ® oi th ; Wor b yf Oe, "i Laggan 7 al Wut a : be : math) ah eR id tii . : CVA BOC} 5 ; well degahyed AV ' y a? Mary COORD ~ Ye" The ' a aps) (Ty sad at i ca awe st) Gare’ pari Gdenai:) genety re Gubivnly aaderdih fyi Meio M's = ay i . y i i e= Hf) Sane Crea bai bs oad ul 7 * ice J j 1 re F 1 A) ‘ } ATE MOTI ‘ ‘ ? ri : jag liz } Gye a | f ‘ cB Te wii ee yl ni eat Tree D Pe) ‘ ‘e) a ee Pelt ias a wade (ese, / h “i \ ’ rE P Lermy PT y : } ‘ ae j eee J j eigit TVs = y \ a Sl 4 ' ' alshaned ' *) , : | (hy rs : a7 i wait ¥ i . a of i » a4 ) biel WR Avi ‘1 AVN : q re 4 pgelenaad AF Seppe yahechig waiteiye s, wr ied) oe q ve ut, ae wre leond Ly Lee ait hdr, yar) ae we iT A ee ee a ihr ae Cot qt Beh fea Di ' ial ¢ rea roa cee eal). eh \ “ e « Gi SCALES OF SOME AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—COCKERELL. 39 POLYNEMID A. Polydactylus multiradiatus Giinther. Queensland; Thursday Island. Seales quadrate, about 3 mm. broad and long, the practically straight sides gently converging toward the apical region; basal radii 4 to 6, irregularly placed, the midmost one ending in a deep notch or sinus in the basal margin; nucleus far above the middle; ctenoid area very well developed, forming sharp teeth on the margin, and about six rows of hexagonal elements below this. Compared with the scales of P. octonemus, these are much smaller, but entirely of the same type, with the same characteristic basal notch. On minute comparison, one rather important difference is noted: the subapical elements of the ctenoid area are shorter, especially several rows from the margin, in P. multiradiatus than in P. octonemus. MULLID2. Upeneus malabaricus Cuv. & Val. Darnley Island. Scales very large, more or less semicircular, about 15 mm. broad and 11 to 12 long; cireuli exces- sively fine and dense; basal radii 5 or 6; basal margin scalloped; nucleus far above middle; ctenoid area very well developed; many of the marginal teeth bifid. This nearly agrees in structure with the scales of U. dentatus, but the bifid apical teeth are distinctive; and whereas in U. dentatus there are very fine circuli running transversely just below the abruptly limited ctenoid area, in U. malabaricus this region is occupied by a minutely tubercular or subreticulate pattern. The fine lines below the ctenoid area in U. dentatus, though referred to as circuli, and certainly part of that system, are much denser and finer than the true or typical circuli, which they meet at right angles laterally, while below they are broken up into minute vermiform lines, which partly anastomose with the circuli, but mainly occupy the spaces between them. The minute pattern occupying the same region in U. malabaricus is also derived from the circuli, but it is very different in appearance. In Pseudupeneus multifasciatus from Honolulu (Jordan and Evermann; U.S. Nat. Mus.), the scales are entirely of the same general type, with excessively fine circuli, and five or six basal radii. The area below the ctenoid patch has five transverse lines (as in U. dentatus) on the middle third only, the lateral thirds having fine circuli running vertically (at right angles to the transverse lines) up to the ctenoid patch. In addition, this region, as well as the lowermost part of the ctenoid patch, shows rather large round pustuliform markings. This last feature is apparently indicated by hyaline spots in U. malabaricus. CARANGID A. Caranx speciosus Forskal. Queensland. Scales circular or more or less oblong, 2 to rather over 3 mm. diameter; margin simple; no radii; normal circuli 40 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. all around, except that the extreme margin, especially at sides of apex, is hyaline and without sculpture; basal circuli conspicuously denser than apical or lateral. These scales do not differ materially from those of C. hippos. STROMATEID (including NOMEIDA3). Psenes whiteleggii Waite. Queensland. Scales very variable, the largest scarcely 14 mm. broad, broader than long; but others, probably from the caudal region, smaller, and longer than broad; margin simple; three or fewer basal radii; basal margin variably but usually strongly lobed; circuli normal, widely spaced. Gobiomorus gronovit has scales of the same general type, but without radii. The scales of Poronotus triacanthus are much larger than those of Psenes, but otherwise very similar, though with much denser circuli. The lateral circuli are often distinctly angular, and the same feature may be seen in some scales of Psenes. PEMPHERID 4. Pempheris compressus Shaw. Port Jackson. Scales (from different parts of the fish, presumably) differ greatly in size, the largest are nearly 43 mm. broad and fully 34 long; a strong arched ridge runs across the scale just above the nucleus, separating the larger apical field, which is without cireuli or other distinct sculpture, except the marginal ctenoid area; marginal teeth long and sharp, on all the scales examined; submarginal ctenoid elements broader than long; sides of apical field variably constricted (concave) just above the ends of the transverse ridge; part of scale below the ridge covered with normal circuli; basal radii many, but feeble, being folds rather than true radu, arranged in a fan-like manner (except in latinucleate scales); basal margin of larger scales straight, weakly crenulate, but some of the smaller scales have three lobes, the median one very large, separated from the others by deep sinuses. Parapriacanthus elongatus McCulloch. Bass Straits. Scales about 3 mm. broad and 2 long; divided into two parts more or less as in Pempheris compressus, but wholly cycloid, or with the apical margin thrown into one or two broad dentiform prominences, without any cycloid patch; transverse ridge straighter and weaker than in P. compressus; apical half of scale without cireuli, basal half with strong normal circuli; at the beginning of the basal half the scale suddenly widens, making an angle with the vertical sides of the apical half;.no distinct basal radii or lobes, but there are very indistinct traces of radial folds. These scales are very remarkable; those of P. compressus are quite unlike those of the species of Pempheris previously seen (Mem. Queensl. Mus., Dee. : 1913, p. 54). In the presence of a distinct ¢tenoid patch, P. compressus resembles Leptobrama miilleri, but the submarginal elements in that fish are very different, SCALES OF SOME AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—COCKERELL. 41 being longer than broad. There is an evident relationship between P. compressus and Parapriacanthus elongatus, though they differ greatly in detail. Ogilby (Mem. Queensl. Mus., 1913, p. 66) refers Pempheris multiradiatus to Liopem- pheris, a genus differing from true Pempheris in having both eycloid and ctenoid seales, the latter with large marginal teeth, but no ctenoid patch. Catalufa Snyder includes P. compressus, and considering the character of the scales, described above, the genus is perhaps valid. The species from the Red Sea, the seales of which I described in the place cited, is presumably not P. otaitensis, as provisionally determined, but rather P. macrolepidota. If it belongs to typical Pempheris, the genus cannot be defined as Ogilby has it in his work just cited. With reference to the remarks on p. 62 of Ogilby’s paper, it is worth while to add that P. miilleri Poey is the type of Priacanthopsis Fowler. Fowler merely says ‘‘ Anal rays 25-32.’’ There is apparently nothing to indicate a distinct genus. It must be considered certain that Catalufa (compressa) is a genus distinct from Liopempheris; but it remains to be definitely determined whether typical Pempheris is a third genus, distinct from both of these. ENOPLOSID 48. Enoplosus armatus Shaw. Queensland. Scales about 34 mm. long and a little over 2 broad; apex rounded, simple; sides parallel; basal margin straight or nearly, feebly scalloped; nucleus a little above the middle; basal radii very distinct, 6 to 11, arranged fanwise; circuli normal, but twice as numerous in the region of the basal radii as at the sides; apical field with irregular minute round markings. There is no apical area free from cireuli. Superficially, these scales are like those of the Labride, but the apical field is entirely different. Except that they wholly lack the ctenoid patch, they rather closely resemble some Serranidx, as Paralabraz. Ambassis interrupta (New Guinea; U.S. N. Mus.) has scales with broadly rounded completely cycloid margins, the very fine circuli extending right across the apical field, and completely covering it. There are about seven basal radii. The Ambassis scale is, however, entirely different from that of Enoplosus in being short, much broader than long; and in having the apical cireuli, which are much finer than the basal ones, meeting the basal at very acute angles laterally. Thus, in the circuli, there is an approach to the condition of certain Scombrids. We must suppose that these scales are secondarily eycloid, derived from ctenoid ancestors. SILLAGINID A. Sillago ciliata Cuv. & Val. Queensland. Scales quadrate, or broader than long, about 1-14 mm. diameter; basal radii about 5 to 7; nucleus subapical ; eirculi not dense, but considerably denser between the radii than at sides; ctenoid 42 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. patch well developed but narrow; apical teeth long; subapical elements (one or two rows) broader than long, with a raised phalangiform median structure, corresponding to the shaft of the apical tooth. These scales are much smaller than those of 8S. maculata, and also narrower, but the structural characters exactly agree. GERRIDA = XYSTAMID A. There is also a family Gerride in Hemiptera, based on Gerris. As the insect family appears to have priority, the Gerride of Ichthyology may take the name XYSTHMIDA. Xystema darnleyensis Ogilby. Darnley Island. Scales broader than long, about 5-7 mm. broad and 44 long; about 3 to 5 widely divergent, rather weak basal radii; lower margin undulate; nucleus above the middle; circuli extremely fine and dense, transverse, confined to the region ievel with and below the level of the nucleus; apical field without sculpture; apical margin simple. In some scales the nucleus is surrounded by 5 or 6 complete (circular) cireuli,. and the circuli for some distance beyond are also circular, but cut off above at the level of the nucleus. The laterobasal circuli also curve upwards, reaching the margin at a very acute angle, though the uppermost lateral circuli reach it practically at a right angle. This is a typical Gerrid (Xystewmid) scale, except that it has lost the last rudiments of the ctenoid patch. In Gerres rhombeus (Mindi Cut, Panama Canal Zone; Meek and Hildebrand) there is a triangular weakly ctenoid patch, the lower corner elongated and pointing to the nucleus. In EHucinostomus cali- formensis (Mindi Cut; Meek and Hildebrand) the ctenoid patch is broad, and the cireuli are completely transverse, even at the laterobasal corners. Thus. E. californiensis is most specialised as to its circul, but X. darnleyensis has. gone farther in the direction of the loss of ctenoid elements. POMACENTRID2. Amphiprion percula L. Darnley Island. Scales subquadrate, about 1mm. broad and $ mm. long; nucleus a little above the middle; basal radii 5 to 7, very distinct; basal margin crenate or scalloped; circuli normal; ctenoid patch very well developed; marginal teeth sharp, with broad bases. These differ from other Pomacentrid scales seen in having the cireuli relatively much less dense, and the lateral margins of the apical teeth more or less concave instead of straight. The subapical ctenoid elements are inclined to be more or less bottle-shaped. EPHIPPIDA. Scatophagus extate varians de Vis. Queensland. Scales very. small, diameter about 1-14 mm.; quadrate, as broad as long, or considerably broader SCALES OF SOME AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—COCKERELL. 43- than long; lower margin wavy but not crenate; laterobasal corners obtuse, but often projecting, the lateral margins then concave ; no radii; circuli rather coarse, transverse as far as an obtuse ridge which extends on each side from nucleus to- Iaterobasal corner, then bending and ascending vertically at sides; nucleus just below the apical margin; margin with large, very sharp teeth (about 24), and rows of similar teeth usually (not always) present in the submarginal region, whence they are easily deciduous. There is no ctenoid patch of the ordinary type. S. multifasciatus, as figured by Giinther, has similar teeth. This is a very remarkable type of scale, rather suggestive of Percopsis.. In Columbia transmontana (U.S. Nat. Mus.) the seales are very broad, and have a subapical nucleus, and a single (never more than one) row of large and sharp. apical teeth (about 20-24) ; they also are without radii. The scale of Columbia is much broader than that of Scatophagus, the sides are very much shorter, and the circuli are not so dense. PLATACID A. Platax teira Forskal. Queensland. Scales subquadrate, as broad as long, or broader than long, diameter about 24-3 mm., peculiar for the contracted base, so that the sides converge downwards; laterobasal corners very obtuse; basal radii 3 or 4, very distinct, but close together ; circuli fine, normal; nucleus. subapical, just below the ctenoid patch, which is only 3 or 4 rows deep ; marginal teeth long and sharp; submarginal elements shaped like tree-stumps, distinctly longer than broad. This resembles Scatophagus in the subapical nucleus, but is otherwise very different. Some scales of Pomacanthus arcuatus show the contracted base very well. CHATODONTID 2. The species now before me may be separated into three groups as follows :— Median ribs of apical teeth extending as continuous rods to base of ctenoid area ae Pomacanthus arcuatus. Ctenoid patch large, with the elements separate, as usual in Acanthopterygian scales .. ue 1. Seales much longer than broad, parallel-sided; nucleus subapical, just below the ctenoid patch; basal radii 6 to 8; cireuli excessively fine; ctenoid elements like those of Chetodon (Queensland) .. Er ar ae .. Microcanthus strigatus Langsd. Seales not longer than broad, usually broader than long Chetodon, Chelmon, and Heniochus. It is impossible to find satisfactory characters for the separation of the species of Chetodon, Chelmon, and Heniochus. The ctenoid elements of Chelmon are coarser than those of Heniochus, but the structure is the same. The scales of these fishes must be easily deciduous, judging from the large number of latinucleate ones. Ss Or ~~ — — MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. The species examined are— Chetodon ephippium C. & V. Queensland. octofasciatus Bloch. Ra 55 flavirostris Giinther. a - trifasciatus Park. - i ulietensis C. & V. Samoa. bricei Smith. Atlantic. Heniochus chrysostomus C. & V. Queensland. Chelmon rostratus C. & V. Queensland. SCALES OF POMACANTHIN AH. The scales of Holacanthus and Chetodontoplus are entirely of the same general type as those of Pomacanthus. (Cf. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., xxxii, 6. 167, 1:39.) These scales are very different in their ctenoid area from those of the Chetodontine, and taking this fact along with others, it may perhaps be a question whether the Pomacanthine should not stand.as a distinct family Pomacanthide. Having in view the characters of related families, there can be no doubt, I think, that the scale-characters of the Pomacanthine are strongly modified from the more primitive type of the group, which is much more nearly approached by the Chetodontinw. The special modification is however entirely in the ctenoid (apical) area. Among the Holacanthine, Holacanthus bicolor shows the nearest approach to the chetodontine scales, having the lower (mesad) part of the ctenoid area with small separate elements, instead of the usual continuous long rods or ridges. There is some indication of this sort of thing in Pomacanthus arcuatus. Holacanthus bicolor, with its well defined converging basal radii, appears to approach a relatively primitive type; but its ctenoid area, with long parallel rods, seems extremely modified. There is a singular resemblance, doubtless quite superficial, to the ctenoid area of Aphrododerus (Bull. U.S. Bor, Wish, oe Ye mal ye apvit) Md i Ah ih ud wey rota of Ii tele ' «sper aloyet ed 4 1” re wit. 1 if im | } A 4 hy v ey) ITE Pm : Ba LUT ATS SOPRVET, Un we bM i i * oe : i . tf 7 ran! Wy Diyewsinw ' 4 iv i " / ae a BH ty yet wae t wih. cm aes ila Ty yn i r hay ; é , ; Por ay Lhe} : bing»! ee Lipari i : r" at J "eh 7Y a y 7 ; ibs ta (a sa ee \ ae 4 om tell ’ vi? VER, ae iM ‘ i Pakedy 0 ees! P thy, nap . 7 ‘ y the weherior el ts Jeriat merge ‘ ‘flaw Maal, y alice nf thew 1 4 i! "re Lange, Peli . ie, ant thn Me aha thy ‘ bel arr rue ak aa. ee a Ld | ore d Geiirs ; . , ar aie Uti ee . } ve ip Sas ‘ hb “2 pia ry alt } it hom ws DOL i ce Ay he hp ' Tie pay ye tinge ; ay ‘ Yiu Ae Yd Ph Ham of ee witless, Tae eed | anh. 1c Ce Be Ce ih (Mayp (PTO the ue eo ey * i“ Pir? ahd’ Taare Wieegie’ 4 one Rm gar? bas Laat my aah Rey ne Ce a | ivan renee Me Qeteg fongent bad tet Wtee act: Wie thy Uke WAAL) F / tiie ied) tho Tongewtd Vie Gn te 8% iy Wey enter tue? pee a mi Yor gow, depger Chan ew dyesal qi- aera Faliedi., sam a. 4) jowet of the vids Vewtraly | oblid hall batons: the Hawt dora "4, ; Anan Winther Ledhcinds ined emt ila, Crotalind etlagintly eae AMY i Mt : ‘\ . ; wi 7 i a | ih he ‘ ras | eB hee A x | Laan Fay Hi AY 7 ‘ ] au ty a Be ie ee Se a) nar b ni ie ee toll Tee ee An mii ee i P hehe We : Puate XVII. QUEENSLAND FISHES. Face page 52. oun 5 (neuyoyseg) Soquadnas SONVILA'T ‘Jap ‘YIOINOIW “WV ‘O71 “JBN - e - 7 a i + / v . 4 ' 7 , r ‘ : > ' . » > . ‘ - ; 7 ? : . a f ; : . . * * pe > ‘ i 1 7 ¥ , ae tpn ate: ~ ‘ ee ‘, Na Y oF % ' © Ln a a . yy i r ’ . 2 } ‘ ‘ ee ; { Pei Pg o- i! 3: QUEENSLAND FISHES. Puate XVIII. "OzIg “JN E ‘(STA Op) SITIAVIVY SANVILN'T ‘1AP “Yoon OI “U “FV Face page 53. NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF QUEENSLAND FISHES.—McCULLOCH. 53 Colour.—Purplish brown on the upper half when fresh, the margins of each scale lighter; lower portion changing to deep violet pink, the centre of each scale darker and having a whitish vertical streak near its outer edge. Head similar to the body, the cheeks with a greenish tinge. Dorsal and caudal pinkish orange, the membrane between the rays dark purple. Pectoral, ventral, and anal rays pink, the membrane darker. After preservation the fish is almost uniformly purplish brown, the margins of the scales being lighter. Described and figured from a single specimen, 545 mm. long, which differs in several of its characters from the very short description of Diacopus superbus, particularly in the size of the eye, armature of the preoperculum, and form of the anal spines. Castelnau’s type was taken in Moreton Bay, where it was said to be known as the Red Bass, and was regarded as a good table-fish. Mr. J. D. Ogilby has examined a copy of my description and figure, and informs me that my fish is common on the Snapper-banks outside Moreton Bay, and is often called Red Perch by Brisbane fishermen. This fish is very similar to Lutianus rubens, Macleay,*? but the scales of that species are somewhat smaller, there being fifty on the lateral line between the operculum and the hypural. The vomerine teeth form a /\-shaped patch, the anal fin is rounded anteriorly instead of angular, and the caudal is more emarginate than in the specimen described above. Loc.—Near the mouth of the Clarence River, New South Wales. LUTIANUS AMABILIS, de Vis. YELLOW-BANDED HUSSAR. (Plate XVIIL.) Genyoroge amabilis, de Vis, Proce. Roy. Soe. Qld., i., 1884, p. 145. D. xi/14; A. i11/8; V.1/5; P..17; C. 17. L. lat. 52. Height of body 2.7 mn the length from the snout to the hypural, and almost equal to the full length of the head. Eye 2.1 in the snout, which is 2.4 in the head. Preorbital 4.1, fourth dorsal spine nearly 3, and pectoral 1.12 in the head. Upper profile slightly concave on the snout, convex from above the eye to the first dorsal spine. Upper portion of the head almost naked; three rows of large scales on either side of the nape. Cheek scales in six rows. Maxillary reaching backward to below the anterior third of the eye. Preopercular notch deep; the posterior margin is minutely serrated, the lower angle produced somewhat backward and finely serrated. Operculum unarmed, its hinder lobe pointed. * Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, viii., 1883, p. 232. 54 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Upper jaw with a strong canine on either side of the symphysis, and a: second a little farther back; behind these is a single row of canines, and there is: an inner band of minute villiform teeth. Lower jaw with a similar row of large- canines, and a band of villiform teeth anteriorly. Vomerine teeth forming a A-shaped patch, without a median posterior extension. Patches of microscopic: teeth are present on the palatines, roof of mouth, and tongue. Seales oblique above and below the lateral line. There are about seven. rows between it and the middle of the spinous dorsal fin, and about twenty-one more to the median ventral line. The pore-bearing scales of the lateral line are fifty-two in number between the operculum and the hypural joint; there are: about fifty-four or seventy-two rows above them, according to the direction in which they are counted, and fifty-nine or sixty-nine below. The bases of the: second dorsal, anal, and caudal are scaly, the scales extending up between the: rays. Fourth and fifth dorsal spines longest, the last shorter than the penulti- mate one; the margin of the second dorsal is rounded, and the longest rays are: a little shorter than the highest spines. Anal spines very strong, the second and. third subequal in length; the soft part of the fin is somewhat pointed, the second ray longest, longer than the fourth dorsal spine. Pectoral falcate, elongate,. reaching a little beyond the verticle of the vent. Ventrals inserted behind the: verticle of the first dorsal spine. Caudal emarginate. Colour.—Rose pink above, becoming white below. The scales of the: upper half with pale bluish-pink centres and indefinite yellow spots. A broad yellow band from the preoperculum to the base of the caudal. Upper part of head deep pink, darker than the body, the occipital scales, cheeks, and opercles. lighter. Eye pink and yellow, surrounded by an irregular, dark yellow ring, which extends forward onto the preorbital below the nostrils. Dorsal fin pink, lighter at the base, the soft portion with a broad white border. Anal similar to: the soft dorsal. Caudal deep pink. Pectoral pale pink, a yellow blotch on the- upper part of the base. Ventrals pinkish white. Described and figured from a specimen 478 mm. long. Locs.—This species has hitherto been known only from Southern Queens-- land, but specimens are occasionally forwarded to the Sydney markets which are caught off the mouths of the northern rivers of New South Wales. For the: opportunity of examining one of these I am indebted to Mr. T. C. Roughley, who obtained it in a local fish-shop. I also have four specimens, about 340 mm. long, from North Reef, Queensland, which do not differ from the one described! above. NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF QUEENSLAND FISHES—McCULLOCH. 55 Famity HALIOPHIDA. Body elongate, covered with rudimentary scales imbedded in the skin. Lateral line incomplete. Head with several series of mucous canals extending around the eye, preoperculum, mandible, and nape. Operculum with a strong spine. Gill-opening lateral, the membranes broadly united with the isthmus. Teeth strong, in one or more series on the jaws. Vomer toothed, palatines smooth. Dorsal and anal confluent with the caudal, composed of soft rays, the former preceded by a strong spine. Pectorals well developed; ventrals present or absent. Includes two genera—Haliophis, Ruppell, and Blennodesmus, Giinther. This family is closely allied to Congrogadidx, but differs in the possession of a dorsal spine and vomerine teeth, while the gill-membranes are united with the isthmus instead of being free. Genus HALIOPHIS, Riippell. HALIOPHIS MALAYANUS, Weber. Haliophis malayanus, Weber, ‘‘ Siboga’’ Exped., Fische, lvii., 1913, p. 550, fig. 120. Seven specimens are in the old collection of the Australian Museum, which agree very well with Weber’s description and figure. Loc.—Derby, North-Western Australia. Genus BLENNODESMUS, Giinther. Blennodesmus, Ginther, Proce. Zool. Soc., 1871, p. 103 (B. scapularis, Giinther). Giinther overlooked the strong, partially adpressed spine before the dorsal when defining this genus. In this detail it agrees with Haliophis, but differs in having minute ventral fins and smaller scales, while the vomerine teeth are also less developed. BLENNODESMUS SCAPULARIS, Giinther. Blennodesmus scapularis, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1871, p. 103, pl. lxvii., fig. a. The relative proportions of the head and body and the tail vary in different specimens, the length from the tip of the lower jaw to the vent being 2.7-3 in the total. The largest specimen examined is 81 mm. long. Locs.—Masthead Island, off Port Curtis, Queensland; in coral pools. Shark Bay, Western Australia. Derby, North-Western Australia. 56 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI. Fig. 1. Pseudochromis nove-hollandie, Stemdachner. A specimen 87 mm. long, from Masthead Island, Queensland. Fig. 2. Pseudochromis nebulosus, de Vis. A co-type of the species, 62 mm. long, from Murray Island, Torres Strait. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVII. Lutianus superbus, Castelnau. A specimen 545 mm. long, caught off the mouth of the Clarence River, New South Wales. EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVIII. Lutianus amabilis, de Vis. A specimen 478 mm. long, from the northern portion of the coast of New South Wales. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 57 EDIBLE’ FISHES. OF QUEENSLAND. Part III].—CARANGIDZ (No. 1). By J. Douctas OciILBy (ICHTHYOLOGIST). (Plates XIX-X XVIII.) Ag this paper deals with a part only of this large and important family, it is unnecessary to give any particulars at this stage, further than to say that so far as is known about 45 species occur in our waters, of which the following ten are described and figured below :— po . DECAPTERUS RUSSELLII, p. 59, Pl. XIX. ALEPES KALLA, p. 62, Pl. XX. CaRANX SPECIOSUS, p. 67, Pl. XXII. CARANGUS BUCCULENTUS, p. 73, Pl. XXI. . CrruLA GRACILIS, p. 75, Pl. XXIII. . CiruLA cHRYSOPHRYS, p. 77, Pl. XXIV. CITULA AUROCHS, p. 79, Pl. XXV. ALECTIS INDICA, p. 83, Pl. XXVI. . ALECTIS CILIARIS, p. 88, Pl. X XVII. 10. TRACHINOTUS BOTLA, p. 93, Pl. XXVIII. Note :—For the purpose of facilitating an analysis of all the information acquired with regard to the geographical distribution of our fishes, I propose, in this and all succeeding papers, to divide Queensland into three zoological districts as follow :— Dt He 99 by 1D © SouTH QUEENSLAND (8.Q.).— Embracing all the coastline between the mouth of the Tweed River (our natural bovadary) and the Tropic of Capricorn, the islands and reefs outlying therefrom, and the hinterland to the South Australian and Northern Territory Marches; having Brisbane as its metropolis, and Moreton Bay (Brisbane River), Wide Bay (Great Sandy Strait and Mary River), Hervey Bay (Burnett River), and Port Curtis (Calliope River) as its principal inlets. MIDDLE. QUEENSLAND (M.Q.).— Extending in similar fashion from the Tropic to latitude 20°S., with Rockhampton as its chief city, and Keppel Bay (Fitzroy and Dawson Rivers), Shoalwater Bay, Broad Sound, Pioneer River, Repulse Bay (Proserpine River), and Edgecumbe Bay (Don River). And NortTH QUEENSLAND (N.Q.).— Comprising York Peninsula and the Gulf of Carpentaria, with their respective islands, reefs, rivers, and hinterlands south to the twentieth parallel. The following abbreviations will be employed throughout the work :— A.M., Australian Museum; B.I., British India; B.N.G., British New Guinea; B.R., Barrier Reef; D.N.G., Dutch New Guinea; M.Q., Middle Queensland; N.Q., North Queensland; N.S.W., New South Wales; N.T., Northern Territory; O.C., Old Collection; Q.M., Queensland Museum; 8.A., South Australia; 8.Q., South Queensland; Tas., Tasmania; T.S., Torres Strait; Vic., Victoria; W.A., West Australia; W.I., West Indies. 58 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. We take this opportunity of thanking Miss Phyllis Clark of Sydney for the evident care which she has taken in the production of the admirable drawings which illustrate this paper; also to Mr. Allan R. McCulloch for many valuable suggestions. DECAPTERUS Bleeker. Decapterus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., i, 1851, p. 352* (kurra); Jordan & Evermann,. Fish. North & Mid. Amer., pt. 1, 1896, p. 907. Eustomatodus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 261 (kurroides).’ Gymnepignathus Gill, ibid. (macrosoma). Evepigymnus Gill, ibid. (hypodus). Body elongate-elliptical to elongate, subfusiform. Scales small and eycloid, covering the whole body except the nuchal ridge. Lateral line feebly curved, consisting of enlarged scales throughout its entire length, those on the straight section wholly or in part spinigerous. Head moderate or large, com- pressed, with pointed snout, the cheeks, temples, and occiput mostly scaly. Mouth terminal, protractile, with rather small oblique cleft, the jaws equal or the lower slightly projecting; maxillary rather short, strongly dilated distally, with well developed supplemental bone. Dentition feeble; teeth in the jaws. minute, mostly in a single series; similar teeth on the vomer and the palatines, and usually on the tongue. Nostrils small and contiguous. Eyes large, lateral, median or nearly so, with well developed adipose lid. Spinous dorsal well developed, persistent, with 7 to 9 flexible spines; soft dorsal and anal lobes low, each succeeded by a single pinnule, the former with 27 to 36, the latter with 23 to 30 soft rays; free anal spines strong. Caudal small and narrowly forked. Pectoral moderate and faleate, with 21 to 23 rays. Ventrals moderate, origin- ating below the pectoral-base. Gill-rakers rather long and slender. (6éxa, ten; atepov, a fin: the pinnule being reckoned as separate fins, but the two anals as one.) Small scombriform trevallies, frequenting nearly all temperate and tropical seas. At least 20 species are recognised as valid. In all probability two other species of Decapterus—D. leptosomus*? and D. muroadsi*—occur on our coast, 1 Since it has been proved that russellii (= kurra) possesses lingual teeth this subgenus becomes merged in Decapierus. * Authors have conspired to take Bleeker’s paper in Verh. Batay. Gen., xxiv, 1852, as the earliest exposition of his carangin genera (except Uraspis 1855), and Jordan, Evermann, and Waite have even quoted it as ‘‘Decapterus 1855’’ (idd. supra and Rec. Austr. Mus., v, 1904, p. 199), but the paper quoted above antedates both these diagnostic keys. * Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, xxii, p. 761. *Carana muroadsi Schlegal, Faun. Japon., Pise., p. 108. ao x . 1 Hf i} cy 9 ‘ - ‘\e ‘a : a - i - | eT " i a UT 72 ; , I car J. @ : a wae wins) aa 7 Wir * 7 A aes a 1 a ah Ay: (2 ae ‘, ba : Dae 6 7 g : hi nia . NI af é j i . Wu QUEENSLAND FISHES. PLATE XIX, ‘ezlg "IBN EZ ‘*(qjeddny) wiiassay saugavorg ap ayiniy srhyd «aia ‘ fe fg VRATO Mman ef . LU Face page 59. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 59 and we, therefore, give the following key to enable observers to distinguish them when captured, in the hope that they will forward specimens to the Queensland Museum. a’. Lateral line with less than 30 scutes, the straight section only partly armed. b*. Upper jaw with a series of small teeth .. Bh ae az at .. muroadsi. b°. Upper jaw toothless ue a =Ne bb, a sng 2 .. leptosomus. a, Lateral line with 35 scutes or more, the straight section armed throughout .. russellii. DECAPTERUS RUSSELLII (Riippell). Kurra Wodagawah Russell, Fish. Vizagapatam, ii, 1803, p. 30, pl. exxxix. Caranaz russellii Riippell, Atlas Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1828, p. 99; Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 660. Caranz kurra Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 44 (after Russell); Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. & Sci., 1851, p. 137; Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 427; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1865, p. 24; id., Fish. Malabar, 1865, p. 81; MKlunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 453; Day, Fish. India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 214, pl. xlviii, fig. 5. Caranz pseudopterygius Bleeker, Journ. Ind. Arch., ii, 1849, p. 71. Decapterus kurra Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., i, 1851, p. 358; id., ibid., ii, 1851, p. 213; id., Verh. Batav. Gen., xxiv, 1852, Makreel., p. 50; id., ibid., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 44; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., viii, 1855, p. 203; id., Act. Soe. Sci. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Celebes, p. 39; Jordan & Richardson, Check-List. Fish. Philipp. Archip., 1910, p. 19. Caranz ecclipsifer de Vis, Proce. Linn. Soe. N. S. Wales, ix, pt. 3, 29 Nov., 1884, p. 541. Decapterus russelli Jordan and Snyder, Proce. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, 1901, p. 352; Steindachner, Denk. Akad. Wien, lxxi, 1902, p. 20; Smith and Pope, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxxi, 1907, p. 465. Decapterus ? ecclipsifer Ogilby, Proc. Roy. Soe. Queensl., xxiii, 1911, p. 9. Decapterus russellii Ogilby, Mem. Queens]. Mus., ii, 1914, p. 90. RUSSELL’S MACKEREL-SCAD. (Plate XIX.) Type localities :—Red Sea at El Tor (C. russellv). Vizagapatam (C. kurra). Celebes (C. pseudopterygius) . Cape York, N.Q. (C. ecclipsifer). Body elongate-elliptical and subfusiform, the dorsal and ventral contours symmetrical, its width 1-3 to 1-5 in its depth, which is 4-45 to 4-9 in its length and 1-3 to 1-45 in the length of the head; abdominal region long, 1-2 in the length of the anal, including the free ray; caudal peduncle about one eighth wider than deep, its width 1-67 in the eye-diameter. Head bluntly trigonal, its upper profile feebly convex and gently acclivous, its length 3-35 to 3-45 in that of the body, its width 1-2 to 1-3 in its depth, which is 1-55 to 1-7 in its length; cranio- nuchal keel moderately developed. Eye large, with a well developed adipose lid, which overlaps the pupil both in front and behind, its diameter 3-65 to 60 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM: 3-75 in the length of the head and 1-33 in that of the snout; interorbital region convex, its width 1-15 in the eye-diameter. Lower jaw projecting; maxillary strongly dilated, not quite extending to the vertical from the anterior border of the eye, its length 2-85 to 3 in that of the head, the width of its concave distal extremity one fourth to two fifths more than its distance from the eye and 2-33 to 2.4 in the eye-diameter. Angle of preopercle feebly crenulate. Teeth in the jaws minute, forming a villiform patch anteriorly but reduced to a single series laterally ; a diamond-shaped patch of larger teeth on the head of the vomer, the lateral angles of which are somewhat produced, and which is followed on the shaft by a single series of decrescent teeth; palatines and tongue each with a narrow band of villiform teeth. Cheeks, postorbital and parietal regions, and upper part of operele wholly, occiput and interorbital region partly scaly, the two latter with three naked bands, a median extending from between the nostrils to the nape, and a lateral pair each extending from behind a nostril to the occiput, where it bifurecates, the outer branch bent downwards across the parietal to finally merge in the lateral line, the inner, which is again divided, uniting with the median band where it enters the occiput and again at its tip; each band and its branches carries a pinnated mucous canal. Lateral line forming a long shallow curve to below the 11th or 12th dorsal ray, the curved section about one fourth longer than the straight, which is armed with 32 or 33 moderately strong keeled scutes, the widest about 1-9 in the eye-diameter. Dorsal fin with viii, 13lirays, originating above the basal fourth of the appressed pectoral; procumbent spine small, concealed; spinous dorsal high, the spines flexible, the 3rd longest, half the length of the head. Soft dorsal originating a little nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the snout, the anterior seven rays graduated and but little produced, the 1st ray 1-3 to 1-4 in the longest spine and 8-9 to 9-5 in the body-length; pinnula much longer than the last connected ray and split to its base. Caudal fin small and widely forked, the lobes obtusely pointed, its length 5-25 in that of the body. Anal with ii, 125 to 27 rays, originating below the 6th or 7th dorsal ray; free spines strong, Ist the longer, 1-67 to 2-1 in the eye-diameter and 2 to 2-2 in the longest ray, which is 2-8 to 3-1 in the length of the head; pinnula similar to that of the dorsal. Pectoral with 21 to 23 rays, its length 3-8 to 4-1 in that of the body; 5th ray longest, extending to above or slightly beyond the vent. Ventral moderate, 1-9 to 2 in the length of the pectoral and 2-2 to 2-3 in that of the head; 2nd ray longest, reaching midway to the base of the 1st free spine. Gill-rakers slender and moderately long, 5-+ 31 or 32 on the anterior arch, the longest 1-35 in the gill-fringes and 6-75 to 7 in the length of the head. Vent close to the free anal spines, its distance from the anal 3-1 to 3-5 in that from the origin of the ventral. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 6L Upper surface dark blue to glaucous, shading harmoniously on the sides. into the iridescent silver of the breast and abdomen; axillary spot absent or small, but the hinder base of the pectoral blackish. Snout, anterior part and edges of interorbital region and borders of cranial grooves blackish; a black opercular spot. Fins hyaline, the soft dorsal, caudal, and pectorals stained with yellow. (Named after Dr. Patrick Russell, an early student of Indian ichthyology and author of the ‘‘ Fishes of Vizagapatam.’’) Described from two specimens, each 245 millim. long, one of which was. collected at Darnley Island by Dr. J. R. Tosh and presented by him to the Queensland Museum, the other the property of the Amateur Fishermen’s. Association of Queensland, by whom it, along with others hereafter mentioned, was kindly lent to us for the purpose of this Review; it was taken by hook in Moreton Bay. Historical:—The earliest notice of this fish is to be found in Russell’s: ‘* Wishes of Vizagapatam,’’ where it is described and figured under a native name, which is variously spelt ‘‘ Wodagawah ’’ and ‘‘ Wodagahwah.’’ Of his description and figure little need be said, except that he failed to find the scales on the sides of the head, the 7th branchiostegal ray, and the lingual teeth, while the figure is much too deep. From Russell’s time nothing was heard of the species until 1828, when Ruippell claimed to have obtained a single example from El Tor, a town on the Red Sea littoral near Mount Sinai, which he described in his Atlas under the name here adopted. Five years later Valenciennes, though well aware of Riippell’s action and though he had never seen a specimen of the fish, gave a new name to Russell’s figure, and until lately this name has been in general use. Bleeker in 1849 again described it as new from Celebes; two years later he selected it by its Valenciennean name as the type of his new genus. Decapterus. In his description of D. kurra he makes no mention of the dentition, but Giinther in 1860 follows Russell in asserting that the tongue is edentulous; he had, however, only a half-grown example in such bad condition that his description, with the exception of the part dealing with the dentition, is a trans- lation of Bleeker’s, while the dentition itself may well have been copied from Russell. Be this as it may Day is certainly correct in stating that there is a band of teeth along the middle of the tongue as described above. Finally, in 1884, the first example recorded from Australian waters was described as new from Cape York by de Vis. Range:—From the Red Sea through those of India and the Malay Archipelago to Eastern Queensland. With us in South Queensland it is certainly scarce, but we have handled two examples from Moreton Bay, the one, above referred to, caught by Mr. Chris. Dahl, the other by Mr. Matt. Coleclough. The only other Queensland localities are Cape York and Darnley Island, the latter being at present the limit of its easterly range. From Malaysia Bleeker obtained it at Ternate, Celebes, and Java, while American collectors have extended its 62 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. range through the Philippines northward to Southern Japan. Its westerly limit has already been stated, but it may be mentioned that Steindachner’s specimen came from Socotra. Dimensions :—On the Indian Coast Day reports it as being ‘‘ a small species attaining six or seven inches in length,’’ and adds that “‘ it arrives in Madras about October.’’ Bleeker’s largest specimen was under eight inches (195 millim), but on our coast it grows to at least 245 millim. Remarks:—Our two specimens agree perfectly with Bleeker’s description and, therefore, omitting his faulty dentition, with Giinther’s. There are, however, some discrepancies between Day’s description and ours, chiefly with regard to the proportional size of various parts of the head; for instance, the depth of the head is said by him to be ‘‘four fifths of its length,’’ while in both of ours it is, excluding the throat, exactly. two thirds of its length; again the eye is smaller in proportion to the head in his specimens than in ours, although the latter are the larger fishes, a reversal of normal conditions, nevertheless it is said to be as long as the snout. McCulloch has, however, kindly compared our Darnley Island specimen with an Endeavour fish from Bustard Bay, and with Indian specimens in the Australian Museum, and writes that ‘‘ the only difference appears to be in the dorsal and anal fins, the Australian specimens having two more rays in each than the Indian ones.’’ Caranzx ecclipsifer de Vis is certainly this fish, but, as is too often the case with that writer’s specimens, the type is missing. Illustration:—Our figure is taken from the Darnley Island specimen mentioned above. Reg No. in the Queensland Museum, I. 13/998. ALEPES KALLA (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Caranz kalla Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 49; Day, Fish. Malabar, 1865, p. 83; id., Fish. India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 219, pl. xlix, fig. 5. Selar kalla Bleeker, Verh. Batay. Gen., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 44. Caranx calla Ginther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 483; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds, Dierk., iv, 1873, p. 131; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.-S. Wales, iv, 1879, p. 63; Jordan & Richardson, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fisher., xxvii, 1908, p. 250; idd., Check-List Philipp. Fish., 1910, p. 20. : Micropteryx queenslandie de Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S.. Wales, ix, pt. 3, 29 Nov. 1884, p. 541. Caranaz nigripinnis Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fisher., xxvi, 1907, p. 14. Not of Day. HERRING TREVALLY. (Plate XX.) Type localittes:—Pondicherry (C. kalla). Coast of Queensland (M. queenslandie). Body. ovate, tapering posteriorly, the ventral contour much more arched than the dorsal, which is gently rounded from the occiput to the peduncle, that PLATE XX. QUEENSLAND FISHES. ' ‘OIG “YBN ‘(Souuoroue]eA Y Jerangp) VTIIVH SUdd TV ‘pop ‘ayy y su Yd Face page 62. 4 ‘ cats é . uit 1 - - ae ' ' L 7 " = . ‘ ro . ' « : i , ‘ te ‘ 4 ’ . nih af ‘pre. 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Bt g20\ tty ga ee ee x + hile fo NG Rages Lima jpiees Realy, fT My Aasiahos’ winy te NB hanno a | keg tee oe ig) Ao Ve Vremi tind nt ane Biarte cre vA Ly Pelivg dthor 1s fo T5 in Cahol the ¢ teed real bertheyt wit ‘ mi ras Oot Ww aD ‘ : ; Sih ha . oy portoral rane yr iyi herr deet, del heenet uti * wae Paarl) wearer jo thy p Ve atic reer AN Pars . adn ee) Atta longer char 4 . ior ) me ro! ny Se : ne ‘well: Lg wie i { Ms Phi wiv a4 oe -. Ua ihe ee thai oy A. vi we ry tm Coa dexthld, en a lee nite ~ Le Co Ls elt Adi ‘ph the Wamat isn 40: ‘tha root ot one wetedl ppth Dou (EAN greene ge er winiie doprenid to Che eh rag: (ii, aly diay fuhod, ‘tite? hid wi mu x Miva Ure with i, 1 RSs ; « pe | hs ; ¥ er ov A! a Pr os A ai Zie- On ae i > 7 4 ‘ rom a mi Geta) aa iy | bi AM a =a A aa UP f td oe } q 7 ‘ a an i Prys a ‘nt A Katt the : Viviun ‘ a be) Vee Te, ari te iy * Beit in DA dee Fen me by ian vt i \ eh ar ict he See | alt * 1s that wet Weak) iat Phi ii = oe “vy? De wide, Mk Wy Dit Mae Ty sha a i | boys! fri FEY Dag to iD I try ny a" imi oi ian ake, A ait SSG. Gs Ake tty tbat eM eA chau | Tey Hy. it agin hktaact:' BtN fou, she be e A tes ; Tel ae hance ' rth) yey Ha bye, te mein ae ying Mimi > me 7) ow Bee ie weemninent ta’ thn ee a5 we Gl, ate Te uth 4 & Ke) tie rid Rye ¥ LE ry atta Tike the aQhlianetet, oP ruape eating nal a4 & a “ms % wi ‘aa Diy “ya ’ wy nen iy Worth Bs a irinhgiine 1 Ur oe oo oo ee iy } @ r Na ia Piste, (a VA Tae Crip eUuoa4 a wt tire bee ater vr one’ Tieaeh ed teenie ee ohark pid eee th deta pan ee war ot tea curved. ‘a 7 vie ho faa © aeteeier witit ai to ‘ an yy ibe avery ch ee, , Pa ae a preeperels rosa. 4 cmiietiods) and. Wal K ee yt , ves Vote urea serinbrenes, origimisting ; vp ie gaat Abd pihangtics Se} » apivies, Weal 1 he! kas ea, it thy Sead. Rolt dorsal She TM Aiahggean 50 eh Ton tH EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 63 of the ventral being strongly convex and bluntly cultriform between the isthmus and the anal fin; width of body 2-8 to 3 in its depth, which is 2-33 to 2-5° in its length and three fifths to three fourths more than the length of the head; abdominal region short, its length 1-65 to 1-8 in that of the anal; caudal peduncle very slender, considerably deeper than wide, its width 2-25 to 2-5 in the eye- diameter. Head small, its upper profile moderately acclivous, evenly convex im small examples, becoming linear with increasing age, its length 3-95 to 4-1 in that of the body, its width 1-7 to 1-85 m its depth, which is subequal to its length; eranio-nuchal keel inconspicuous. Snout short and blunt, its length 1-33 to 1-45 in the eye-diameter, which is 2-8 to 2-95 in the length of the head; adipose lid narrow in front, moderately developed but not reaching the pupil behind; interorbital region low and gently convex, its width 1-15 to 1-25 in the eye- diameter. Jaws subequal in small examples, the lower prominent in the larger; maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the pupil, its length 2-4 to 2-45 in that of the head, the width of its convex distal extremity 1-8 to 2-1 times its distance from the eye and 2-15 to 2-25 in the eye-diameter. Preopercular border entire. Jaws with a single series of small conical teeth ; similar teeth in a triangular patch on the head of the vomer, in a narrow band on the palatines, and in a broader band on the tongue. Entire body except the nuchal ridge covered with rather large conspicuous scales; cheeks and temples scaly, the rest of the head naked; preopercle crossed by numerous simple or bifid mucous canals; nuchal canal conspicuous and pinnated, extending to the procumbent spine. Lateral line forming a short and rather high curve to below the 4th or 5th dorsal ray, the length of the curved section 1-8 to 1-95 in that of the straight, which is armed throughout with 41 to 45 wide keeled scales, the widest 1-1 to 1-25 in the eye-diameter. Dorsa! fin with viii, i 25 or 26 rays*; spinous dorsal moderate, originating behind the pectoral-base, procumbent spine small and concealed; spines weak and flexible, the 3rd longest, 2-15 to 2-25 in the length of the head. Soft dorsal originating one fourth nearer to the tip of the snout than to the root of the caudal, the anterior six rays graduated and but little produced, the 1st longest, about two fifths longer than the 3rd spine, 6-25 to 6-6 in the body-length, and extending when depressed to the 9th ray; last ray not produced. Caudal fin deeply and rather widely forked, the upper lobe the longer, its length 3-4 to 3-67 in that of the body. Anal fin with ii, 121 or 22 rays, originating below the 4th dorsal ray*; free spines well developed, the 2nd much the longer, 1-3 to 1-5 in the eye-diameter and 1-9 to 2-1 in the Ist ray, which is 2 to 2-1 in the length of the head. Pectoral with 21 rays, its length 3-45 to 3-15 in that of the body and from one fifth to two sevenths more than the length of the head; 5th ray longest, * Writing of 43 examples McCulloch says—‘‘they vary greatly in depth, two specimens of equal size being 2.4 and 2.8 in length.’’ *As has been remarked elsewhere there is a tendency among Australian specimens towards an increase in the number of dorsal and anal rays. . “In Day’s figure the soft dorsal and anal originate opposite one another. : 64 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. reaching to above the 5th or 6th anal ray. Ventral small and rounded, 2-66 to 3-2 in the length of the pectoral and 9-2 to 10-1 in that of the body; 2nd ray longest, reaching the vent. Gill-rakers long and slender, 8 to 6+ 28 to 30 on the anterior arch, the longest 1-2 in the gill-fringes and 5-5 in the length of the head. Vent one half nearer to the origin of the ventrals than to the anal. Blue above, shading into bronze on the upper side, the lower side and breast silvery. Upper surface of head, snout, and tip of mandible bronze; a large blackish shoulder-spot, encroaching well on the upper edge of the opercle; sides and lower surface of head, a blotch on the throat, and the bases of the pectoral, ventral, and anal fins washed with dull gold. Fins hyaline, except the anterior dorsal spines and the outer ray and tip of the upper caudal lobe, which are blackish. (kalla; the Tamil name for this species.) ® Described from three specimens, measuring respectively 152, 160, and 176 millim., trawled off the Coast of Middle Queensland during the winter of 1910. The largest and smallest are in the Queensland Museum, the other in that of our Amateur Fishermen’s Association, by whom it was kindly lent at our request. We have also examined the type of Micropteryx queenslandie de Vis, which is certainly this species. Vernacular name:—There being no trivial name, local or otherwise, for this trevally, we have been obliged to coin the above, which was suggested by its extraordinary resemblance in general form to some of our species of Sardinella. Historical:—The earliest notice of this singular carangid will be found in the ‘‘ Histoire Naturelle des Poissons,’’ in which Valenciennes describes it from Pondicherry, a French settlement on the Coromandel Coast of India, where it was known by the Tamil name of ‘‘ kalla paré,’’ or ‘*‘ kalla parah ’”’ as Day prefers to write it. Valenciennes also declares that he had seen specimens sent from Mahé on the Malabar Coast by Béienger and Dussumier, as well as others in the Geoffroyan collection from the Red Sea; it is, however, strange, if the latter locality be correct, that it should have so entirely escaped the notice of such keen observers as Riippell, Klunzinger, Kossmann, and other historians of that well explored area. He also mentions incidentally that Bloch’s collection con- tained an example without locality, which was labelled Scomber bimaculatus, but of which no description seems to have been published. In 1851 Bleeker described as new from Batavia a closely allied species, to which he gave the name Selar brevis, and which is said to differ from S. kalla principally in having the dorsal and ventral contours symmetrical and the curve of the lateral line shorter, terminating below instead of well behind the origin of the soft dorsal. Giinther in 1860 accepted this species as valid, but Day, sixteen years later, challenged its validity, referring it as a synonym to S. kalla. Apparently, how- ever, Jordan, Richardson, and Seale, having examined specimens of both forms from the Philippines, have convinced themselves of their specific value, and we, *McCulloch (im lit.) remarks—‘‘a few specimens retain traces of about six vertical bars. from the back downwards. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 65 therefore, follow them in keeping the species separate. It remains, then, to discuss the status of the two Valenciennean species Caranz para and C. cambon. Giinther characteristically evades the responsibility by relegating them to the unattached list, but Day suggests that they may be identical with C. kalla, and it must be allowed that an examination of Valenciennes’ descriptions favours the suggestion.® Range:—Seas of India, China, and Malaysia, eastward to the Coast of Queensland and perhaps to the Solomon Islands; it was also reported to have been taken in the Red Sea during the early part of the last century, but there has been no subsequent confirmation of the report, which must, therefore, be considered doubtful. It is not included in Surgeon-Major Jayakar’s collections made at Maskat, on the Arabian shore of the Gulf of Oman.’ Nor is it much in evidence in our home waters, de Vis’ specimen in fact, which formed the type of his Micropteryx queenslandie, being for twenty-six years unique ; this specimen bears all the marks of Broadbent’s collecting, and is, therefore, certain to have come from either Cairns or Somerset. In 1910, the ‘‘ Endeavour’’ was, however, so fortunate as to come across it on two separate occasions during its second trip along the Queensland coast; firstly, off Pine Peak, where 46 examples were trawled on mud at a depth of 25 fathoms, and secondly, in Edgecumbe Bay, the trawl on this occasion accounting for 6 specimens taken on fine sand and mud in 14 fathoms. Passing to the north-east Macleay recorded it doubtfully from the Solomon Islands, but it is not included in Jordan and Seale’s list of the Pacific Islands’ Fishes. Turning now to the west we are confronted with the curious fact that, while the American collectors found it to be not uncommon at the Philippines, neither Bleeker nor Cantor ever received it from any part of the Malay Archipelago, though the former knew it from Bengal. The British Museum, however, possesses a specimen from Sumatra and another from the Moluccas, besides several from the Chinese Coast. It is generally distributed along the eastern shores of India and round Ceylon, but to the westward we have no evidence of its presence beyond the Malabar Coast. As regards the Archipelago the identification of C. para and C. cambon with our species at once relieves the situation, for Bleeker claims to have received °Tf this be correct the synonymy will have to be amended by the addition of the following :— Caranx para Cuvier & Valenciennes, p. 58; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., 11, 1865, p. 173; Day, Fish. Malabar, i865, p. 85. Caranx cambon Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 60; Bleeker, Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Ind. ii, 1845, p. 517; id., Verh. Batav. Gen., xxii, 1849, Madura, p. 4; id., ibid., xxiii, 1850, Mid. en Oost Java, p. 8. Selar para Bleeker, ibid., xxiv, 1852, Makreel., p. 56; id., ibid., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 44; id., Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., xii, 1856, p. 214; id., ibid., xvi, 1858, p. 407; id., ibid., xviii, 1859, p. 367; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Sumatra, p. 30 & Celebes, p. 39. Type localities:—Malabar Coast (C. para); Batavia (C. cambon). ” See Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, pp. 653 to 667; ibid., 1889, pp. 236 to 246, and ibid., 1892, pp. 134 to 136. E 66 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. them respectively from Sumatra, Nias, Singapore, Banca, Java, and Celebes (para) and Java and Madura (cambon). Dimensions:—It is rather difficult to say to what size this species really erows; of the 52 examples obtained by the ‘‘Endeavour’’ the largest does not exceed 190 millim. Valenciennes notes the length of his specimens as to about 300 millim., while Day complicates the matter by stating m 1865 that it attains a length of over 600 millim., but eleven years later redtices that measurement by two thirds, without making any explanation of the discrepaney. Probably Valenciennes’ computation may be taken as the most correct. Lllustration:—Taken from a Queensland specimen, 182 millim. in length, now in the State Museum. Reg No. I. 14/2233. CARANX (Commerson MS.) Lacépéde. Caranx (Commerson MS.) Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 1802, p. 57 (speciosus). Gnathanodon Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., i, 1851, p. 352 (speciosus). Hypocaranz Klunzinger, Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1884, p. 93 (speciosus). Body subovate to ovate, compressed. Scales small and cycloid, covering the whole body except the nuchal ridge. Lateral line with a long and gentle curve, the scutes few and weak. Head rather large, compressed, with convex profile and long rounded snout, the cheeks, temples, and occiput mostly scaly. Mouth terminal, protractile, with moderate oblique cleft, the upper jaw the longer; maxillary rather short, dilated distally, its upper edge covered by the mem- branous border of the preorbital; supplemental bone well developed. Young with minute teeth, which wholly disappear with age. Nostrils small and con- tiguous. Eyes small, lateral, median, the adipose lid little developed. Preoperele entire, the border membranous. Spinous dorsal low, with 8 feeble spines, some of which are absorbed in the adult; soft dorsal and anal with moderate equal lobes, the former with 18 to 21, the latter with 15 to 17 soft rays; anal spines small. Caudal deeply and widely forked. Pectoral long and faleate, with 22 rays. Ventrals moderate, originating below lower angle of pectoral-base. Gull- rakers well developed and rather stout, in moderate number. (From the French name ‘‘carangue,’’ which is said to be a corruption of the Portuguese ** acarauna,’’)** Fishes of moderate size, inhabiting the warmer waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Two, perhaps three, species recognisable. The main differences between C. riippellii and C. speciosus are as follow: a. Head about 4 in total length; maxillary extending to below anterior border of eye or not quite so far Speciosus. a’. Head, about 5.67 in total length; maxillary extending to below or beyond middle of eye .. a ose bie 6 fe ve Se Br ag .. riippelli.” 1 Similarly our vernacular name ‘‘trevally’’ ““erevallé.’’ : % Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 445 = C. petaurista Riippell, Atlas Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1828, p. 95, pl. xxv, fig. 2. Not of Geoffroy. is undoubtedly a corruption of the Spanish 1 (yee a lus i a) e) 1 eae on MMMOSAD Af THe Qe DPR A aie | ers Det healy Priore VAN ON: Pieri ue Rae freon Paty als techiind, |, eet ons j {oak . | me PV prigh hanaviw RAs UW, ari Leer Atel: ie eee he Ce 3 ; Chey yt Ae TO ee eet tae toe nia) ois | a ae Pe oe) ee We iia le Peckham the Peed if age ; eee We Lae wh peti ba vota ie f fine Die at aid ibys i ee Gre HO WF iag itty De aley. hie Dan iid q Yeh) RAO Ont Tage aie yO Lert hs* bean) avavet yas ‘) ie "oe ¥ ’ y Piri; i ie Fa iti , ’ : 2 rey Ay ’ St es & | ° es : y) ‘4 i ' i , ‘ ) ) ty : ie H 1) f P j : be if ae ; y iid Paes d aie Weeks tb , ih. hy ¥ a i Yee i Wiis) ps Rees ‘ “ ‘ pe? 1 ; a? i i ‘ Mi t | ‘ } w2¥ ALE ’ H r we eh hat rm i ‘4, gry y ty Art rena {} } ait od ; } t , ‘ ) i i ' rf A wrt ! « poe i t i he 1} i i i 1 ah Meg ae , t y a Lie 3 ; { “ih 1 Lie $ ‘ f ‘ Ny ly 1? y Th “ ij ‘ t 4 ! | yi Wi ‘ : i y ) ‘ac @ a a ya , on eae , , rr . a - - i / Be pakonn { ob Whey, ts Rta iy he v4 AVIA om Pee am Panetta tamil) Fei dnl eelin) RO, Rb PEM is Vis dt i Nee + Paar 7 MA 7 Aw 8}: (isk CPUs okey a ’ (hs i re Met i ae et ee ee a Oe ee Wid a) gy fincrptomadl iH me ie atvaat ST OA Nae ith ahtea'g ¥) ites ry) a, \ is eh Nia NDE tak aS mary) rT: Ady “i oh & ro tah dk Male kone ah’ “git ee a ihe she ot i Puincaien’ Sle No a Pint While: hi a ae dats (Moth relia. ait my ih Wil abbr Ope M8 1s ei, cL stir, Veit 2 or cy 5 fi ers eee oe ee ie Ms \ at i her ' QUEENSLAND FISHES. PEATE X XT. . azIg WN ({eysi0,,) Sasologas xX NVuvO Dy ) i 13P ‘ ayLn19 shud Face page 67. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 67 The latter species should be diligently sought for in other waters than the Red Sea whence both it and C. speciosus were originally described, for it seems incredible that of two so closely allied species, one should have elected to remain permanently in its narrow home waters, while the other, with no visible superiority in its favour, has sueceeded in spreading over two oceans. CARANX SPECIOSUS (Forskal). Scomber speciosus Forskal, Descr. Anim., 1775, p. 54; Bonnaterre, Encycl. Méth., Ichth., 1788, p. 143; Gmelin, Linneus, Syst. Nat., ed. 13, i, 1789, p. 1332; Shaw, Gen. Zool., iv, 1804, p. 603. : Caranz speciosus (Commerson MS.) Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 1802, p. 72, pl. i, fig. 1; Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 130; Bleeker, Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Nederl. Ind., ii, 1845, p. 517; Richardson, Zool. Erebus & Terror, ii, 1848, Ichth., p. 136; Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Gen., xxii, 1849, Madura, p. 4; id., ibid., xxiii, 1850, Mid. en Oost Java, p. 8; Cantor, Catal. Malayan Fish., 1850, p. 133; Jerdon, Madras, Journ. Lit. & Sci., 1851, p. 137; Peters, Arch. f. Nat., 1855, i, p. 245; Giimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 444; Day, Fish. Malabar, 1865, p. 84; id., Proce. Zool. Soe. London, 1865, p. 25; Playfair, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1867, p. 860; Giinther, Trans. Zool. Soe. London, vi, 1869, p. 431; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 689; Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 455; id., Sitz. Akad. Wien, Ixxx, i, 1879, p. 377; Macleay, Proc..Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, v, 1881, p. 535; id., ibid., vii, 1882, p. 356; Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., v, 1882, p. 375; Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 661; id., 1889, p. 240; Jordan & Evermann, Amer. Food & Game Fish., 1902, p. 308; Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., xxii, 1903, p. 447; Snyder, Bull. U.S. Fish. Comm., xxii, 1904, p. 525; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xxiii, pt. 1, 1905, p. 197; Waite, Rec. Austr. Mus., vi, 1905, p. 71; Jordan and Seale, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish., xxv, 1906, p. 232; idd., ibid., xxvi, 1907, p. 14; Seale & Bean, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxxii, 1908, p. 241; Jordan & Richardson, Mem. Carnegie Mus., iv No. 4, 1909, p. 179. Poloosoo-Parah Russell, Fish. Vizagapatam, ii, 1803, p. 36, pl. exlix. Caranx petaurista I. Geoffroy, Descr. Egypt, 1809, Poiss., p. 325, pl. xxiii, fig. 1. Zonichthys subcarinata Swainson, Nat. Hist. Fish., ii, 1859, p. 248. Caranx poloosoo Richardson, ibid., pl. lviii, figs. 4, 5. Gnathanodon speciosus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., 1, 1851, p. 160; id., ibid., ii, 1851, p. 471; id., ibid., ii, 1852, pp. 57, 236, 445; id., Verh. Batav. Gen., xxiv, 1852, Makreel., p. 72; id., ibid., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 46; id., Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, ii, 1855, van Diemensland, p. 10; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., viii, 1855, p. 344; id., ibid., xv, 1858, pp. 200, 223; id., ibid., xvi, 1859, p. 317; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Sumatra 1, p. 30 & 2, p. 2, Celebes, p. 40; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., xxii, 1861, p. 65; id., Vers]. Akad. Amsterdam, xii, 1861, p. 74; id., Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., i, 1863, p. 235; id., ibid., ii, 1865, pp. 191, 290; id., Versl. Akad. Amsterdam (2) ii, 1868, pp. 293, 300; id., in Pollen & van Dam, Faun. Madagasear, pt. 4, 1875, Poiss., p. 99; id., Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, xviii, 1879, Ile Maurice, p. 18; Jordan & Evermann, Fish. North & Mid. Amer., pt. 1, 1896, p. 928; Jordan & Richardson, Check-List Fish. Philipp. Archip., 1910,-p. 21. Caranxz panamensis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 166. Caranx edentulus Alleyne & Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, i, pt. 4, Mar. 1877, p. 327, DE xt gio. 2s Caranx obtusiceps Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soe. N. 8. Wales, vii, pt. 3, 1882, p. 357. Caranz (Hypocaranz) speciosus Klunzinger, Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1884, p. 96, Steindachner, Denk. Akad. Wien, Ixx, 1900, p. 495. Caranz cives de Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8S. Wales, ix, pt. 3, 29 Nov. 1884, p. 540. ’ 68 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. KING TREVALLY. GOLDEN TREVALLY ; BANDED TREVALLY. (Plate X XI.) Type localities:—Red Sea at Jeddah (S. speciosus). Red Sea at Jeddah (S. rim). Red Sea at Suez (C. petaurista). Australia (C. poloosoo). Pacific Coast of Panama (C. panamensis). Perey Islands, M.Q. (C. edentulus). Port Moresby, B.N.G. (C. obtusiceps). Coast of North Queensland (C. cives). Dorsal contour of body evenly rounded and more elevated than the ventral, which is sublinear and gently declivous between the throat and the origin of the anal fin, beyond which it is symmetrically acclivous; width of body 2-66 to 2 in its depth, which is 2-9 to 2-4 in its length and one eighth to one third more than the length of the head; abdominal region rather long, its length 1-4 to 1-55 in that of the anal; caudal peduncle from one half to one twelfth deeper than wide, its width 2-55 to 1-25 in the eye-diameter. Head large, with evenly convex upper profile, its length 3-35 to 3-15 in that of the body ; width of head 2 to 1-8 in its depth, which is 1-2 to 1-05 in its length; cranio-nuchal keel moderately trenchant in the young, inconspicuous in the adult. Diameter of eye 3-6 to 5-4 in the length of the head, 1-33 to 2-25 in that of the snout, and 1-05 to 1-85 in the elevated and sharply convex interorbital width, the adipose lid not nearly reaching the pupil in front or behind. Mandible extending to below the anterior border of the pupil in the young, of the eye in the adult; maxillary rather shorter, its length 2-7 to 2-5 in that of the head, the width of its truncate or rounded distal extremity from one fourth more in the young to three fifths less in the adult than its distance from the eye and 2-05 to 1-55 in the eye-diameter. Angle of preopercle feebly crenulate. No teeth, at least in the adult.1% * Day (1) remarks—‘‘ In young specimens several rows of villiform teeth in upper jaw, with an external row of strong ones; a single row of irregularly sized ones in the lower jaw; small and villiform on vomer and palate.’’ This is practically the adult dentition of Carangus Griffith, which should, therefore, be closely associated with Caranx in the generic sequence. Richardson and Cantor also describe these teeth, the latter hazarding the statement that they have become imperceptible by the time the fish has attained a length of 90 millim. In our smallest example we can nowhere detect any teeth, thus corroborating Cantor’s state- ment, nevertheless the sun-dried tongue of a large specimen is densely clothed with minute acicular teeth. ee ey a EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 69 Posterior half of preorbital with some deeply imbedded mostly non- ‘imbricate scales; middle portion of cheek, postorbital region, upper edge of opercle, and occiput scaly, the latter extending forward on the sides to above the middle of the eye; rest of the head and a gradually decreasing stripe along the occipital and nuchal ridges naked in the adult; scaly area much restricted in the young; preorbital and preopercle crossed by indistinct mucous canals; nuchal canal more conspicuous, extending among the scales to below the middle of the spinous dorsal. Lateral line moderately curved to below the eighth dorsal ray, the length of the curved section equal to one fifth less than that of the straight, which is weakly armed posteriorly with 10 to 18 feeble scutes, which inerease in size and strength with age; widest scute in the adult about one third of the eye-diameter. Dorsal fin with viii to v, 119 to 21 rays; spinous dorsal small, originating a little behind the pectoral-base ; procumbent spine exposed in the young only ; spines feeble, the 2nd longest 2-55 to 3-45 in the length of the head, the three last becoming isolated and finally absorbed with increasing age. Soft dorsal originating a little nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the snout, the anterior rays produced as a low falciform lobe, its height 7-8 to 6 in the length of the body, and extending when depressed to the 10th ray; last ray slightly produced. Caudal fin widely forked, the lobes equal, 4 to 3.4 in the length of the body. Anal fin with 1, 116 or 17 rays, origmating below the 6th or 7th dorsal ray ; free spines short, the second the longer, 2-6 to 1-9 in the eye-diameter and 4 to 5-2 in the Ist ray, which is 2.33 to 2 in the length of the head, and extends when depressed to the 9th ray. Pectoral with 21 or 22 rays, its length 3-85 to 2-6 in that of the body, and from one seventh less to one fifth more than the length of the head, the 4th and 5th rays longest, extending in the young to .above the origin, in the adult to above the 7th or 8th ray, of the anal. Ventral moderate, its length 2 to 2-8 in that of the pectoral and 8 to 7-25 in that of the -body, the lst ray a little the longest extending to a httle beyond the vent. Gill-rakers 19 to 21 on the lower branch of the anterior arch, the longest from one fifth more than to as long as the fringes and 5-2 to 7-4 m the length of the head. Vent situated from one sixth nearer to the anal than to the origin of the ventral in the young to one eighth nearer to the origin of the ventral than to the anal in the adult. Coloration :—(Young): Golden, with ten or twelve alternately wide and narrow black cross-bands, which do not quite reach to the ventral edge of the trunk, but are complete on the tail; the first band runs obliquely forwards from the occipital ridge through the eye to close behind the maxillary; the second less obliquely backwards from the nuchal ridge over the hinder border of the opercle to the base of the pectoral, below which it curves shghtly forwards on the breast; the third, fourth, and fifth’* are below the spimous dorsal and are * When but ten bands are present there are two only below the spinous dorsal. 70 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. subvertical; the remaining seven run vertically from the soft dorsal to the anal; between the seven anterior bands are still narrower and less conspicuous blackish bars or chains of spots, which do not descend below the level of the pectoral; a small, mostly concealed, black axillary spot; upper surface of snout washed with bronze. Fins greenish yellow, the first dorsal clouded; tips of the caudal lobes black. (Half-grown): At this stage the upper surface is golden brown, shading through the sides to the pearly white of the breast and abdomen; the supplementary bars have disappeared and the principal bands have faded to a dull blue and rarely extend below the middle of the sides; the snout has also become dull blue and there is a similar blotch on the opercle, the black tips of the caudal lobes have disappeared, but the tips of all the rays inside the fork are dusky. (Adult): Silvery, washed above with plumbeous blue and without any trace of bands or spots, only the yellowish tinge of the fins and the dusky tips of the spinous dorsal and caudal persisting. (speciosus, handsome or showy.) Described from four Queensland examples, measuring 353, 323, 261, and 124 millimeters, the largest, from Moreton Bay, belonging to the Amateur Fisher- men’s Association of Queensland, the remaining three in the Queensland Museum from Darnley Island, Townsville, and Southport, having been respectively presented by Dr. J. R. Tosh, Mr. F. H. Taylor, and the writer. Vernacular names:—As both of the names, by which this species is com- monly known, refer to the coloration of the young fish only, we have found it necessary to create a name, which will be suitable to the fish at all stages of orowth. Historical :—This beautiful species was originally described from specimens obtained at Jeddah, on the Arabian Coast of the Red Sea, by Forskal, to whom it was known by the Arab name rim,’ which, according to Valenciennes, signifies: a staircase, and was doubtless suggested by the evenly graded bands on the sides. of the fish. The next knowledge of importance came from Commercon, who left in his MSS. a detailed description as well as a figure, both of which were sub- sequently published by Lacépéde; his specimens, two in number, were taken at Mauritius, where he left the elder Bougainville, when on his way back to France after circumnavigating the globe in the frigate ‘‘Boudeuse,’’ 1766 to 1769. Russell’s figure, published a year later than Lacépéde’s from an example captured on the East Coast of India, does little credit to the artist and would be irrecognis- able were it not for the cross-bands.'® Valenciennes adds little to our knowledge © Being unable to consult Forskal’s work I ean not tell whether that author described the species twice—as Scomber rim and S. speciosus—as would appear from the synonymy given by Jordan and Evermann. No mention is made of any such species by Giinther or Day,. and I, therefore, follow Valenciennes in looking upon rim as an Arabic title only. * Russell himself complicates matters by giving wrong measurements for his specimen, which, he says, was seven in. in length and three and one third in width (i.e. depth). The latter figure is doubtless a misprint for two and one third. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 71 of the species, but he extends its range to Vanikoro,"’ the principal island of the Santa Cruz Group (notable as the place where the intrepid French navigator, La Perouse, met disaster and death), and New Holland, whence it was first obtained by Busseuil, the naturalist attached to the French Expedition im the ‘“Thétis’’ and ‘*Espérance’’ under the command of the younger Bougainville about 1825. Some time later Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire described the same species as new from a specimen taken at Suez. The next noteworthy feature of its history was the figuring by Richardson in 1848 of a very young specimen, measuring about 70 millim.; the transverse bands and caudal spots are well shown in this figure, but according to my observations the body is too deep and the head too large. Cantor, who followed him, gave a very accurate account of the colors of a 225 millim. example. The next year, 1851, is an interesting one in its history, for it was then Bleeker, rejecting the name Caranz, furnished’ it with a distinct generic title, Gnathanodon, a proceeding which, though followed by certain authors, chiefly American, is quite unnecessary, since Commercon,. the original creator of Caranz, directly associated the name with this fish; this, however, was entirely in accord with Bleeker’s peculiar taxonomic methods. Bleeker mentions the species in no less than twenty-seven papers, but in not one of the nine to which we have access is there a description, nor need any of them concern us here save one published in 1855, in which he claims to have received a specimen from Tasmania; in this we are sure there is some error for, as we have had occasion to point out with regard to another species included therein, this trevally is a purely warm water form, and is not in any ease likely, if there, _ to have been overlooked by such observers as Allport, Johnston, Kent, and others. Peters about the same time increased its range to Mozambique, while the next notable accession to its distribution came from the very opposite axis of its wanderings through Gill, who in 1863 described it as new from the Pacific Coast of Panama, a proceeding which was called in question some years later by Ginther, who asserted the identity of C. panamensis with C. speciosus, in which opinion he was subsequently supported by Jordan and Gilbert. Meanwhile Playfair had added the Seychelles to its list. In 1877 the only definitely recorded Australian locality was Houtman’s Abrolhos, W.A., referred to by Richardson but overlooked by Macleay, but in that year Alleyne and Macleay described it under a new name from the Queensland Coast, to which the junior author afterwards added Torres Strait and Port Moresby. Uses:—Considering the large size and wide distribution of this fine fish information regarding its edible qualities is decidely meagre. Cantor dismisses it with the remark that ‘‘ they are eaten by the natives,’’ which recalls to mind Pope’s famous cynicism ‘‘ damned with faint praise.’’ Beyond this there is * Valenciennes, with admirable impartiality, refers to this island as Vanicolo or Vanikoro. My colleague, Mr. Douglas Rannie, whose knowledge of the Western Pacific Islands 33 unequalled, assures me that they are one and the same. ~I bo MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. absolute silence until Jordan and Evermann (1) report that it is ‘“ an excellent and valued food-fish.’’ To its excellence we can ourselves bear witness. Range :—Warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. On the Queens- land Coast it occurs from south to north, and has been specially recorded from Southport and Moreton Bay, 8.Q. (Ogilby) ; Percy Islands, M.Q. (Alleyne & Macleay as C. edentulus) ; Cleveland Bay, N.Q. (Klunzinger and Taylor) ; Torres Strait (Macleay) ; and Darnley Island (Tosh). Other Australian localities are Houtman’s Abrolhos (Richardson): and Fremantle (Waite), W.A. It has not yet been recorded from New South Wales, but the fact that it is by no means uncommon in Queensland waters suggests its presence on the Northern shores of the Mother State. With Tasmania’s pretensions we have already dealt. Passing northward we find it recorded from Port Moresby, B.N.G., by Macleay. In the Malayan subregion, proceeding westward, Bleeker has reported it from Goram, Waigiou, Ceram, Ternate, Amboina, Celebes, Madura, Borneo, Biliton, Java, Thousand Islands, Banca, Bintang, Rio, Sunda, Singapore, Sumatra, and Tanara (which last I am unable to locate) and Cantor from Pinang. Jordan and Richardson extended its range still further north through the Philippines to Formosa; still again westward we find it inhabiting the seas of the Andamans, Ceylon, and the Indian Peninsula, and onward to the Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, and Mozambique, till we finally take leave of it in this direction in the typical waters of the Red Sea. To the eastward, however, although it has forced its way through the Tropical Pacific apparently to its ultimate limit, its course is not so readily traceable; Giinther makes no mention of it in the Fische der Sudsee, but Jordan and Seale record it from Samoa, Fiji, and the Hawaiian Archipelago, while others report it from the Pacific Coasts of Mexico (Cape San Lucas) and Panama, but of these latter we shall have some remarks to make further on. Dimensions:—While the largest specimen of which we have any personal knowledge measured a little under 400 millim., the species attains a much greater size on the Indian Coast, whence specimens of 840 millim. have been recorded by Gitinther (1), and even up to 915 millim. by Day (1). Remarks :—According to the description given by Jordan and Evermann (3) American examples differ from ours in several important characters. For instance the eastern form is much deeper, the depth of the body being 2-33 to 2 in its length in American and Hawaiian examples as against 2-9 to 2-4 in those from Australia and westward; the rule, however, is not without exceptions in both areas, for according to Gill’s description the typical C. panamensis belongs to the slender form, while the typical C. obtusiceps** belongs to the deeper. Again the teeth in the young of the eastern fish are said to be granular, while in ours they are villiform. Lastly the beautiful color-pattern of the caudal fin, * We have to thank Mr. McCulloch for kindly verifying our identification of this species with C. speciosus, by an examination of Macleay’s type. ’ hae? iyi ¥ ? ‘yeah Swe ; fc fy P i ; ; ly " ‘ ‘ ' i ‘ ' 5 | 7 i he 4 q ; . ’ ‘ Ti \ ' : ‘ 1) ; a ee, « Wri ‘ 7 ’ i ‘ rat) o4 a fi \ 4 ? ' j ] R Py , " { y, é of suyie Cain ‘ us ™ *) ha the we t me p ’ Z Amul: xy Pig! wisely , i) vet ns an at j bal . ‘ A WA twain ib “add WO Ab UA ‘ vay pun. ¢ Ape lh qin My Se cet thew! wh tls , A ia 5 j fe! 7 ‘ ; : : ‘ j , PLATE XXII. Face page 73. QUEENSLAND FISHES. 1Ze. Nat. Si 2 3 CARANGUS BUCCULENTUS (Alleyne & Macleay). Phyllis Clarke, del “I Je) EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. ‘which is so conspicuous in the young of the western form, is wholly lacking in the eastern. The segregation of the two forms under a varietal nomenclature may, therefore, be advisable; they would then stand as Caranx speciosus speciosus (Forskal) and C. s. obtusiceps Macleay. Illustration:—Our figure is taken from a Darnley Island specimen in the collection of the Queensland Museum. It measures 323 millim. and was the gift ofr, io. “Losh,...egi No. 13/1097, CARANGUS BUCCULENTUS (Alleyne & Macleay). Carana bucculentus Alleyne & Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, i, pt. 4, Mareh, 1877, p- 326, pl. xi, fig. 1; Kent, Great Barrier Reef, 1893, App. A., p. 369. Carany nobilis Kent, ibid., pl. xlvii, fig. 3. Not of Macleay 1881. WIDE-MOUTHED TREVALLY. (Plate XXII.) Type locality:—Cape Grenville, N.Q. Body ovate and compressed, the dorsal contour elevated and evenly rounded from the frontal region to the peduncle; ventral contour sublinear and shghtly declivous from the chin to the anal, whence it rises somewhat abruptly to the peduncle; width of body 2-55 in its depth, which is 2-4 in its length and three tenths more than the length of the head; abdominal region long, its length 1-15 in that of the anal fin; depth of caudal peduncle 1-6 in its width, which is 1-25 in the eye-diameter. Head large, its length 3-1 in that of the body; width of head 1-85 in its depth, which is subequal to its length; cranio-nuchal keel little developed. Snout rather long, its profile linear and strongly acclivous to the level of the nostrils, above which there is an appreciable gibbosity, its length 3-05 in that of the head; eye large, with the adipose lid little developed, its diameter 3-8 in the length of the head and 1-25 in that of the snout; interorbital region broadly rounded, its width about one eighth more than the eye-diameter. Lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to below the hinder border of the pupil, its length 2-75 in that of the head, the width of its distal extremity 1-5 in its distance from the eye and half of the eye-diameter. Angle of preopercle feebly crenulate. Upper jaw with a broad band of villiform teeth and an outer row of enlarged widely set conical teeth; lower jaw with a single series of strong but rather smaller and more closely set teeth; no perceptible canines; small teeth on the vomer, palatines, pterygoids, and tongue, those of the former in a triangular patch. Cheeks, temples, and upper edge of opercles scaly, the rest of the head, the nuchal ridge, and the breast naked; mucous canals of preorbital coarse, of preopercle fine, both rather sparsely branched; nuchal canal conspicuous, 74 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. extending into the scaly shoulder to below the procumbent spine. Lateral line strongly arched to below the 6th dorsal spine, the length of the curved section 2.6 in that of the straight, which is armed throughout with 36 strongly keeled spinigerous scutes, the widest of which are below the last third of the soft dorsal and 1-33 in the eye-diameter; some of the spines on the peduncle exceptionally strong, upright, and recurved. Dorsal fin with vili, i 18 rays; spinous dorsal well developed, originating above the base of the pectoral; procumbent spine strong and exposed; spines flexible, the 3rd longest, 2-75 in the length of the head, the last small and isolated. Soft dorsal originating about one eighth nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the snout, the anterior rays produced as a falciform lobe, its length 4.7 in that of the body and extending when depressed to the 10th ray; last ray somewhat produced. Caudal fin deeply forked, the upper lobe the longer, 3-55 in the length of the body. Anal fin with 11, 116 rays, originating below the 7th dorsal ray ; free spines well developed, the 2nd the longer, 1-95 in the eye-diameter and 4-25 in the 1st ray, which is 1-75 in the length of the head and extends when depressed to the 10th ray. Pectoral with 19 rays, its length 2-85 in that of the body and about one twelfth more than that of the head, the 5th ray longest, extending to above the 5th anal ray. Ventral moderate, its length 2-35 in that of the pectoral and 6-7 in that of the body, the outer ray longest, extending to the vent. Gill-rakers stout and rather long, 6+20 on the anterior arch, the longest about two fifths more than the gill-fringes and 5-65 in the length of the head. Vent situated one fourth nearer to the anal than to the origin of the ventral. Upper surface pale olive green with or without blue spots,”® sides silvery ; abdomen, breast, and lower surface of head milk-white; a well marked black axillary spot, extending downwards to cover the posterior half of the pectoral- base; a large diffused dark spot on the upper half of the opercle. Fins pale yellowish green, the anterior border and outer half of the dorsal lobe and the extremity of the upper caudal lobe darker.2° (bucculentus, having a large mouth. ) Described from a single specimen, 235 millim. in length, forwarded from Townsville by Mr. F. H. Taylor, Entomologist to the Institute of Tropical Medicine, to whom we hereby return our best thanks. Historical:—Our earliest knowledge of this species was supplied by the naturalists of the ‘‘ Chevert,’’ who collected two specimens, measuring 207 and * On our specimen all the body above the level of the straight part of the lateral line is closely blue-spotted. “McCulloch (in lit.) says—‘‘My smallest specimen, 123 millim., has five broad, dark cross-bars descending from the back to the middle of the sides. ’’ a ee Mae u eins ak (en ' We Ming aget He CD tie ewrnry arrcor ¢ wr leon iT if ¥% Pen a) = anety he } v ney ? i" \ aan i-¥ ai 1 prma . I i” 4 j } i ’ i 5 : pe | f { H ach Cr : ' abhi, " ‘ q i LJ 4 buy ri , ; er v¥4 j ip@al ' F Tw ii P i Moora oe ’ bho" gael ie eyte sie 4 e¢ wotbraty Wie dpe df, , aly aten’ py : Sn te ee gy, tuning g To \en ts 1) oft Spatugerern Oh 1% (tag \ ya a ee ey Se 2 On ae viele * ) ies Hee V0 ae ile vine. ii “ ov ey iat Chardon Lhe | ; i . ‘ rhe pelt >) a. t 4 f i H 3 ! 4 ‘ ‘ ‘ se i ial i ae | tin, ; Le i > ratberto Labware yaevys THe fT j ?woehhy at LAR Tht sy rah “g ' Athy >s en! é 3 ov; oF thw eal gine b), ; , _ 4 tits yee yon bein’ A ' a at Gy i i) n: re 5 PLATE XXIIT. Face page 75. QUEENSLAND FISHES. 1Ze. Nat. Si 2 3 CITULA GRACILIS Ogilby. Phyllis Clarke, del. iyi «) 7} a Gs , v ; alan \ Datahl ar) ye a ee \d iS hd A) ie aioe shar $7} ‘a nee 7 Ws a ; 0 ; ' mY i] ‘*. tl, fn A870, cor Penal i " ibe ay’ (cs. OF rake wee ne baal faa oe ab ani ii erates Hie etd apse feted (ks, Faidovrctiigg byre ules Wad uals am) Z sit ie , bt ; Ly. rales We Fy intone Saya ot) Phe ivehi2 Thine Wn 7 a { y ¥ ae belts 0 ont he Wir, wih Feiner bce at Mae Pn ne areal hy rive its api +85 ths De V Rovira hits ‘Keds thiniel i.e ates vittgly’, ated f " oo8 sate e ita teal sige aston ‘wicaew heed ou tne ‘isa,’ nies: ti pre ibacln wh fume Se a Dt H : paar of” As plore wiv! of” iy wet Netearest te ik liv Vie gan. if at is bh : Masala 0 paces: Wid wapeh Hh Ties baie the ran wGnt, Paaabhinpest ye fe mseeisdh Age ih, Bah fi Padeabouk’! th Anitenalenid ¥ giora’ this —— duh with tiride, ately, at Jive Pipe! ee ‘ani. wr Cape: hy quill th Payouyinrd aavi GiMecen we frre, wool nx ial weet at a) Anis Kors 2 40-18 bathdtnis ‘ ur ‘hs vu at Ar oor ae Wendi dat Caters of tle canne¥ Bowih si ar hs O57) oF eee te SEH a v, Ma eile ne “10 “ue Veet ons 3) 1 Viveat Pinte apiyice wif ok en Priaty the) Townasalle wih plg reheat to Sikone) hast 1/3 | iG | Cs aA ae CETOLA. GACY oy, aot, | nti Se tam \ i) ‘ ; y ‘ ‘ ; tA rd ‘ J mea Oh Codename yaaa coy eh: SRN So) aim aA! Ae i ri nab ’ line ress ‘ at ! yr ; , At 1 ah LE ORIN COURT N yh ; ne Tuy lpodtidy Dawn’ Tala. 7) he Hh pas me Ces iy sili) tw. KGee pga, ‘tye seas aac diab gree thie the! hed bs nl venrlop vest vane trom thee opipiit te: poe ey 4 pie aie ani theby: penindt. vs) vherhivanse to, She sry) Ri): ia pees | | Pa iadilitly acoraylesin g Be al. Pong aioitb onl i < stal/ en "ye his ity Antngtlt’ anid cine htths snore: view sia iinain ial vigiinen: rulher raat. te baiyett tree a ti 6 eo id epeiyi) 1363 in PA width, dich 's Ms at ha | sapien Wikt ¢ Trina the tie of (he Kita eee Y, thal Henig tie vy Onn ) hal tl ao ae , i ed , i why , ‘ j \ ’ ¥ } 1 ’ * ‘ = a pd a Ps itt ws Pa ‘ f. . al ; Pn ahd Vic. Me» + Teh ip caked ebay ete WO iter Pia EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. = oO 2 millim. (fide McCulloch im lit.) im the neighbourhood of Cape Grenville, .Q., in 1875, these subsequently becoming the types of Alleyne and Macleay’s species. From that time until quite lately this interesting trevally was wholly lost sight of, the only reference to it between 1877 and the present time being that in Kent’s ‘‘ Classified List of Queensland Food Fishes,’’* a production of which the less said the better. Nevertheless Kent, though unknowingly, must have obtained specimens somewhere on the coast, since he publishes an unmis- takable photograph of it on plate xlvii of the work referred to under the name of Caranz nobilis Macleay, a species to which it has not the remotest resemblance. During the second cruise of the F.I.S. ‘‘Endeavour’’ in Queensland waters this species was met with thrice, namely, at Pine Peak? 21 examples, off Cape Gloucester 6, and in Edgecumbe Bay 204 on a fine sand and mud bottom at a depth of from 25 to 14 fathoms. 22 Range:—FEast Coasts of Middle and South Queensland. Dimensions :—To at least 235 millim. Illustration:—Taken from the Townsville example referred to above. Reg. No. I. 13/1483. CITULA GRACILIS sp. nov. COACH-WHIP TREVALLY. (Plate X XTIT_) Type locality :—Darnley Island. Body deeply elliptical and compressed, the dorsal contour much more arched than the ventral and evenly rounded from the occiput to the peduncle ; ventral contour feebly rounded and declivous to the ventral fins, between which and the anal it is shghtly emarginate; width of body about half its depth, which is 3-05 in its length and one fifth more than the length of the head; abdominal region rather long, its length 1-35 in that of the anal fin; depth of caudal peduncle 1-35 in its width, which equals the eye-diameter. Head rather small, its upper surface from the tip of the snout to the nape linear and moder- ately acclivous, its length 3-66 in that of the body; width of head 1-7 in its depth, which is 1-1 in its length; cranio-nuchal keel little developed. Eye small, its diameter 4-05 in the length of the head, 1-35 in that of the snout; adipose lid not nearly reaching the pupil in front or behind; interorbital region convex, its width a little more than the eye-diameter. Lower jaw slightly projecting; maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the pupil, its length 2-6 in that of the head, the width of its distal extremity 1-25 in its distance from the eye and 2-05 in the eye-diameter. Membranous border of preopercle finely crenulate. ™ See ‘‘Great Barrier Reef,’’ Appendix A, pp. 369, 370. * An outlier of the Percy Islands in lat. 21.58. 76 MEMOIRS OF .THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Villiform teeth in broad bands in the jaws, the outer series somewhat enlarged and widely set, in narrower bands on the palatines and tongue, and in a triangular patch on the head of the vomer. Cheeks, temples, and upper part of opercles scaly, the rest of the head, the nuchal ridge, and the breast naked; preorbital and preopercle crossed by numerous mucous canals; nuchal canal indistinct, not nearly reaching to the dorsal. Lateral line gently curved to below the 9th dorsal ray, the length of the curved section 1-15 in that of the straight, which is armed throughout with 38 strongly keeled spinigerous scutes, the widest on the peduncle 2-3 in the eye- diameter. Dorsal fin vi, 1 21 rays; spinous dorsal moderate, originating well behind the base of the pectoral; procumbent spine concealed ; spines flexible, 3rd longest, 2-2 in the length of the head. Soft dorsal originating midway between the tip of the snout and the root of the caudal fin, the anterior ray produced as a filiform appendage, extending when depressed to the end of the proximal third of the upper caudal lobe and 1-7 in the length of the body; 2nd ray one fifth shorter than the head, those behind it gradually decreasing to the 7th; last ray slightly produced. Caudal fin deeply and widely forked, the upper lobe the longer, 2-9 in the length of the body. Anal fin with 11,1 18 rays, originating below the 9th dorsal ray ; free spines short and weak, the 2nd the longer, 2-15 in the eye- diameter and 8-7 in the ist ray, which is shghtly filamentous, as long as the head, and reaches when depressed to the 16th ray. Pectoral with 21 rays, its length 2-55 in that of the body and two fifths more than that of the head; 4th ray longest, extending to above the 5th anal ray. Ventral rather small; inserted behind the pectoral-base, its length 2-7 in that of the pectoral and 1-9 in that of the head ; outer ray longest, reaching midway to the 3rd anal ray. Gil-rakers stout and of moderate length, 5+19 on the anterior arch, the longest a little shorter than the gill-fringes and 7-5 in the length of the head. Vent midway between the origin of the ventral and the second free anal spine. Upper surface pale olive green, shading into silvery on the sides; abdomen, breast, and lower surface of head milk-white; an obscure dusky spot behind the eye and another upon the opercle, the two connected by a narrow dark blue band, which is produced backwards below the lateral line to above the middle of the pectoral. Short rays of soft dorsal tipped with lavender; upper lobe of caudal dull violet tipped with blackish, lower grayish tipped with smoky brown ; other fins colorless. (gracilis, slender. ) Described from a single example, 290 millim. long, presented to the Queensland Museum by Dr. J. R. Tosh, who obtained it at Darnley Island. Reg. No. of type in the Queensland Museum—I. 13/1499. PLaTte XXIV. QUEENSLAND FISHES. baceuys > hvgnba ate ts sat! CITULA CHRYSOPHRYS (Cuvier & Valenciennes). % Nat. Size. Phyllis Clarke, del. Face page 77. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. ae CITULA CHRYSOPHRYS (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Caranx chrysophrys Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 77, pl. eexlvii; Kner, Reise Novara, Fisch., pt. 2, 1865, p. 155; Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 661. ? Caranx chrysophrys var. hyémalis Richardson, Rep. Ichth. China & Japan, 1845, p. 275. Carangoides chrysophryoides Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., i, 1851, p. 366; id., Verh. Batay. Gen., xxiv, 1852, Makreel., p. 63. Caranz chrysophryoides Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., 11, 1860, p. 452 (after Bleeker). Citula chrysophrys Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., iv, 1872, p. 132; id., in Pollen & van Dam,. Faune Madagascar, pt. 4, 1875, Poiss., p. 99. LONG-NOSED TREVALLY. (Plate XXIV.) Type localities :—Seychelles (C. chrysophrys). Batavia (C. chrysophryoides). Body ovate and strongly compressed, the dorsal contour evenly rounded and more elevated than the ventral, which is linear and moderately declivous between the tip of the mandible and the ventral fins, feebly emarginate between the ventrals and the anal, the base of which is feebly convex and more strongly acclivous; width of body 3-95 to 4-05 in its depth, which is 2 to 2-1 in its length and 1-5 to 1-67 time the length of the head; abdominal region moderate, its length 1-7 to 1-85 in that of the anal; caudal peduncle about one fourth deeper than wide, its width 2-1 to 2-25 in the eye-diameter. Head rather large, the profile linear and moderately acclivous to above the eye, the occipito-nuchal region gently convex, its width 2-35 in its length, which is equal to its depth and 3 to 3.25 in the body-length ; cranio-nuchal keel well developed. Eye moderate, with the adipose lid but little developed, not nearly reaching to the pupil in front or behind, its diameter 3-4 to 3-75 in the length of the head, 1-35 in that of the snout, and a trifle more than the elevated and acutely convex interorbital width. Lower jaw slightly protruding; mandible extending to below the middle of the eye, maxillary to a little beyond its anterior border or even to below that of the pupil, its length 2-4 to 2-5 in that of the head, the width of its concave distal extremity equal to or a little less than its distance from the eye and 1-85 to 2 in the eye-diameter. Angle of preopercle moderately crenulate. Jaws with broad bands of villiform teeth, the outer series slightly enlarged ; head of vomer with an angular band of similar teeth, the shaft smooth; villiform teeth in well developed bands on the palatines; tongue toothless. Cheeks, temples, and upper edge of opercles scaly ; rest of head, a narrow stripe along each side of the nuchal ridge, and breast naked; preorbital and preopercle crossed by ramulose mucous canals; nuchal stripe with a similar canal, which does not extend to the level of the dorsal. Lateral line moderately curved to below the 13th dorsal ray, the length of the curved section three fifths more than that of the straight, which is weakly armed posteriorly with 20 to 26 feeble plates, the widest of which, on the peduncle, is about one sixth of the eye-diameter. 78 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Dorsal fin with vill, i 20 or 21 rays; spinous dorsal small, originating above the pectoral-base ; procumbent spine exposed; spines feeble, third longest, 2.5 to 2-6 in the length of the head, the two last free; soft dorsal originating one eleventh nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the snout, the first ray filiform, extending when depressed to the base of the 14th to 18th ray* and 3-4 to 2-7 in the body-length; 2nd ray one eighth shorter than the head, those behind it gradually decreasing to the 6th; last ray not produced. Caudal fin deeply and widely forked, the lobes subequal, 3-35 to 3-55 in the length of the body. Anal fin with ii, 116 rays, originating below the 7th dorsal ray; free spines short, the 2nd the longer, 2-6 to 2-7 in the eye-diameter and 8-15 to 8-5 in the 1st ray, which is slightly produced, 1-05 to 1-2 in the length of the head, and reaching when depressed to the 14th ray.** Pectoral fin with 20 rays, the 4th longest, extending to above the 6th or 7th anal ray, its length 2-7 to 2-9 in that of the body and as long as to one fifth longer than the head. Ventral fin rather small, 2-55 in the length of the pectoral and 6-25 to 6-55 in that of the body, the two outer rays equal and longest, reaching midway to the 6th anal ray. Gill-rakers long and slender, 15 or 16 on the lower branch of the anterior arch, the longest about one fifth more than the gill-fringes and 6-2 to 6-4 in the length of the head. Vent midway between the origin of the ventral and the 2nd free anal spine. Silvery, the back and upper sides washed with bronze. oe Wei, an i) a t A, hr cee C"yvior, ‘bine: A mais Li by + } ip OG, Vy RE, i). eae 4 y 4, 4Vier '@ 4 li (oly \ ede te i: Dy 9. iS > x AD | | ra | ‘ohana t ah ®-¥5 . ou fi : ri > ron ee - 7 Pesoe? Mand roth ' iy? ¢ i . ay | ‘ be \ ' ' . H q hy rolracue - , 7 7 ; 1. ° ‘ f] ¢ > nébinlts ¥ oe - 45 ‘ : ' , 74 rt wher Wwe ti ! m ' i} SA gee ’ ss . : o , : el A \, » +4 s i - f 4 ii yi a, } ad ! ‘ ’ Pra lel i } é I a¥an i ae i) re ae TRA “ig { ; ite F ’ . che my r ivew nhiwi lie Bh wae - * iy 7 ie o4 i 1} rh 43 t “ a eee all 0 “ ‘ veh om maker’ Ain tha ; s om ars “a Vy Sapay pmype ny eal 79,’ Re Bee 4 vA ae | tne ra hf ° ued aor wel! Mal od eS) MAwOre get, |> Gu net / ot , The above vianato rs, ive errata! Al ages Of iepy wth Wd. other mappieuentiry Che rdetee Wid @ae to age, whieh deny Por vases, da A, debe to Give a3 Man’: iy be much ie ghow me | ‘ on , ni tee a ee A . i ‘oa J ~The ea mariah ne ligiim epithe Beyyis (adtowy Civeing tow ‘side: : a ne weete 7 ~— “ivn, ee. EGO a > a ® - ro 1} ee Le ta as ENSLAND FISHES. = I vi = J QU PLATE XXVI. ‘eZIg “JEN £ ‘(qjeddny) VvoraNr sLoaty ‘pap ‘aynig smnhud Face page 83 EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 83 -owing to the greater flatness of the latter, the occipito-nuchal profile is constantly gibbous at all ages, and the dorsal fin is uniform in coloration; in A. ciliaris the dorsal contour is about as high as the ventral at all ages, the entire dorsal profile from the snout to the dorsal fin is evenly rounded in the adult, and the filiform dorsal rays are basally black. Snyder remarks—‘‘ When compared with examples of A. major from Formosa, specimens of this species (i.e. A. ciliaris) may be recognised at a glance by the heavier body, smaller head which is much broader between the eyes, and the darker dorsal surface with the distinct curved lateral bands.’’ The mention of lateral bands proves that Snyder had young examples only on which ‘to base his conclusions, a fact which materially diminishes their value, and indeed while my investigations tend to show that all four are worthless as differential characters, two at least, the first and the last, are actually misleading. With regard to the third species, A. alexandrina® from the Mediterranean and Tropical West Africa, the main differences between it and A. indica, to which it is more closely allied, seem to be the increased number of dorsal and anal rays and the decreased number of lateral line scutes. ALECTIS INDICA (Riippell). Meer-hen Nieuhof, Voy. Ind. Orient., i, 1682, p. 270; ¢. fig.; Willughby, Hist. Pise., App., 1686, pl. vii, fig. 1. _Ikan-kapelle Ruysch, Theatr. Anim., i, 1718, pl. ix, fig. 7. Ikan-batoe-jang-maha-asing Valentyn, Amboina, iii, 1726, p. 465, fig. 376. Zeus sp. No. Z Artedi, Gen. Pisc., 1738, p. 50 (not synon.); Seba, Thesauri, iii, 1761, pl. xxvi, fig. 34. _Bonyte-laertje Renard, Poiss. Moluq. et Terres Austr., ii, 1754, pl. xxvi, fig. 128. Zeus gallus part. Bloch, Ausl. Fisch., vi, 1788, pl. excii, fig. 1 Bonnaterre, Encycl. Méth., Ichth., 1788, p. 71; Gmelin, Linneus Syst. Nat., ed. 13, i, 1789, p. 1222; Schneider, in Bloch, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 91. ‘Gallus virescens part. Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 1802, p. 583, 584. Zeus gallus Russell, Fish. Vizagapatam, i, 1803, p. 45. Not of Linnzus. -Gurrah-Parah Russell, ibid., pl. lvii. Scyris indicus Riippell, Atlas Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1828, p. 128, pl. xxxiii, fig. 1 (young); id., Neue Wirbelth. Abyss., Fisch., 1837, p. 51; Swainson, Nat. Hist. Fish., ii, 1839, p. 251; Cantor, Catal. Malay. Fish., 1850, p. 134. Scyris indica Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 145, pl. eclii; Richardson, Rep. Ichth. China and Japan, 1845, p. 276. Gallichthys major Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 168, pl. ccliv; Richardson, ibid., p. 271; Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Gen., xxii, 1849, Bali, p. 3; id., ibid., xxiii, 1850, Java, p. 8; Cantor, ibid., p. 136. Blepharis gallichthys Swainson, ibid., p. 250. Scyris ruppelli Swainson, ibid., p. 251. -Carangoides gallichthys Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., ii, 1851, p. 471; id., ibid., iii, 1852, p. 57; id. Verh. Batav. Gen., xxiv, 1852, Makreel., p. 68; id., ibid., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 44; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., xii, 1856, p. 215; id. ibid., xvii, 1858, p. 147; id., ibid., xviii, 1859, p. 367; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Sumatra, p. 30; id., ibid., Borneo, p. 14; id., ibid., Celebes, p. 39. * Caranz alexandrinus Geoffroy, Descr. Egypt, Poiss., pl. xxii, fig. 2. 84 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Caranz gallus Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 455; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1865,. p- 25; id., Fish. Malabar, 1865, p. 91; Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1871,, p- 454; Giimther, Fisch. d. Sudsee, pt. 4, 1876, p. 1385; Day, Fish. India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 224,. pl. li, fig. 3; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8S. Wales, v, 1881, p. 538; Boulenger, Proe. Zool.. Soc. London, 1887, p. 661; Kent, Great Barrier Reef, 1893, p. 289, chro.-pl. xvi, fig. 2; id., Natur. in Austr., 1897, p. 169, text-fig. p. 153, and pl. xxvii, fig A; Stead, Edib. Fish. N. S. Wales, 1908, p. 88, pl. Iviii. Carangoides gallus Bleeker, Versl. Akad. Amsterdam, xii, 1861, pp. 53, 74; id., ibid., xiv,. 1862, p. 106. Citula gallus Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., i, 1863, p. 242; id., ibid., ii, 1865, pp. 174, 191, 290; id., Versl. Akad. Amsterdam (2) ii, 1868, pp. 293, 300; id., Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., iv,. 1873, p. 132; id., in Pollen and van Dam, Faun, Madagascar, pt. 4, 1875, Poiss., p. 99. Caranz ciliaris Day, Fish. Malabar, 1865, p. 90 (young). Not Zeus ciliaris Bloch. Scyris gallus Klunzinger, Fisch. Roth. Meer., i, 1884, p. 101. Alectis ciliaris Stead, Fish. Austr., 1906, p. 158 (letterpress); Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fish., xxvi, 1907, p. 14; Seale & Bean, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., xxxiii, 1908, p. 242.. Not Zeus ciliaris Bloch. Caranz (Alectis) gallus Stead, Addit. Fish. Faun. N. 8. Wales, 1907, p. 16, pl. iv. Alectis Major Jordan & Richardson, Bull U. S. Bur. Fish., xxvii, 1908, p. 251; idd., Mem.. Carnegie Mus., iv, No. 4, 1909, p. 180; idd., Check-List. Fish. Philipp. Archip., 1910, p. 21.. Alectis indicus Bean & Weed, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., xlii, 1912, p. 600. PLUMED TREVALLY. Dramonp Fisu (Kent) ; Smvery Moon-Fisu (Stead). , (Plate XXVI.) Type localities :—Red Sea at Massawa (S. indicus). Pondicherry (G. major). Dorsal contour of the body angular and elevated, more so in the young than in the adult, much higher than the ventral contour, the highest point being at the origin of the soft dorsal, between which and the occiput it is linear or feebly emarginate and moderately declivous; base of dorsal linear and rather less declivous; ventral contour linear from the throat to the middle of the breast, thence convex to between the ventral-bases, beyond which it is feebly concave to the anal, the base of which is linear and acclivous; width of body 4.6 to 3-85 in its depth, which is 1-45 to 1-85 in its length and 2 to 1-75 times the length of the head; abdominal region short, 1-95 to 1-7 in the length of the anal; caudal peduncle deeper than wide in the young, wider than deep in the adult, its width 2-2 to 1-5 in the eye-diameter. Head rather large and deep, its. anterior profile slightly concave and very strongly acclivous, the occipital profile gibbous, its length 2-95 to 3-25 in that of the body, its width 2-8 to 2-4 in its depth, which is a little more than its length; cranio-nuchal keel trenchant in the: young, becoming blunter with age. Snout long and pointed; eye moderate, its diameter 3-55 to 4-4 in the length of the head and 1-6 to 2-15 in that of the snout; interorbital region elevated, its width from one fifth less than the eye- diameter in the young to a little more in the adult. Lower jaw strongly declivous ;: OO EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 85 maxillary extending little more than midway along the snout, its length 3 to 3-2 in that of the head, the width of its distal extremity 3-4 to 3-7 in its distance from the eye and 2-5 to 2-25 in the eye-diameter. Preopercular border entire. Young with minute teeth on the jaws, vomer, palatines, and tongue; these gradually disappear, so that a specimen of 15 in. merely has the jaw bones coarsely ridged and a feebly crescentic series of deeply imbedded teeth on the head of the vomer. Lateral line strongly curved to below the 10th dorsal ray, the length of the curved section 1-3 to 1-4 in that of the straight, which is armed posteriorly with from 8 to 12 weak scutes. Dorsal fin with vi to 0,119 rays; procumbent spine small and concealed; spinous dorsal consisting of six low unconnected spines in the young; with advancing age these disappear from the front until all have been absorbed in the muscular tissue. Soft dorsal originating midway between the tip of the snout and the root of the caudal or slightly nearer to the latter; anterior 10 to 5 rays gradedly filiform, extending in the young well beyond the tip of the caudal, but decreasing considerably with age; behind the filamentous rays, the others are of equal length to the last, which is slightly produced. Caudal fin deeply and widely forked, the lobes equal, one third of the body-length. Anal with 11 too, 1 16 rays, similar to but not so long as the dorsal, with only 4 or 5 filamentous rays, of which the first extends to the tip of the caudal. Pectoral with 18 rays, its length 2-45 to 2-6 in that of the body; 5th ray longest, extending to above the 11th anal ray. Ventral inserted well in advance of the pectoral, the two outer rays filiform in the young, reaching to the root of the caudal; the filaments rapidly disappear with age, and in specimens over 10 in. the fin is normal, 1-9 to 2.33 in the length of the pectoral and 5 to 5-85 in that of the body, with ‘the outer ray the longest, reaching midway to between the 6th and 8th anal rays. Gill-rakers short and stout, 22 on the lower branch of the anterior arch, the longest one tenth to one twelfth of the length of the head. Vent about one and a half time nearer to the origin of the ventral than to that of the anal. Upper surface golden bronze, shading imperceptibly into the iridescent silvery of the lower sides and the breast; young lighter in color than the adult, with five or six broad dull blue bands extending from the back to below the middle of the sides; nuchal ridge blackish. Upper surface of head, snout, and jaws light brownish yellow, the cheeks and opercles silvery ; opercular spot small and inconspicuous or absent. First dorsal ray, tips of the produced rays, and a narrow bar along the base of each interradial membrane black; caudal washed with gold; anal and pectorals colorless; ventral colorless, the elongate rays blackish in the young. (indica: a native of India.) Described from four specimens, measuring respectively 165, 275, 290, and 338 millim. (from tip of snout to root of caudal), obtained from Raine Island, 86 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Thursday Island, and the Burnett River, M.Q., and presented to the Queens- land Museum by the Wanetta Pearling Co., Capt. Donald McDonald (2), and. Mr. L. H. Maynard. Historical:—To the early Dutch naturalists and historians of the East Indies this fish was well known from the time of Nieuhof, who visited those seas. in the latter half of the seventeenth century. Its extraordinary appearance rendered it a favorite subject for illustration and, after Nieuhof, Willughby, Ruysch, Valentyn, Seba, and Renard figured it at intervals with more or less: success. These were followed by certain authors (Bonnaterre, Gmelin, Lacépéde) whose accounts were mainly based on the descriptions and figures of their predecessors, but who wofully complicated matters by confounding our fish with the Zeus gallus of Linnzus, an eastern American species now more generally known as Selene vomer. Russell, a contemporary of Lacépéde, gave in 1803 a recognizable figure of the young fish over the name ‘‘ Gurrah Parah’’ from @ specimen taken on the East Coast of India. On the same sheet, as ‘‘ Chewoola Parah,’’ he figured the young of the succeeding species, A. ciliaris and, while ir some points these figures are inaccurate, the flattened outline of the abdominal region, so distinctive of our present fish, is well shown as compared with the deeper and more rounded belly, which is characteristic of its congener whem young. Russell, however, like the others confused his ‘‘gurrah parah’’ with Zeus gallus Linneus, while he referred his ‘‘ chewoola parah’’ to Linnzeus’ Zeus: vomer, thus while correctly keeping the two Indian species separate, uniting them by two names, which properly belong to a single Atlantic species. Up to this: time our fish was only known from Malayan and Indian seas, and it was not until 1828 that the eastern fish was definitely separated from its western relative by Riippell, who described it under the distinctive name of Scyris indicus from specimens obtained at Massawa on the Abyssinian shore of the Red Sea. Valenciennes in his two* descriptions adds little or nothing to our knowledge of the species, nor does Cantor who also described it under two names. Richardson added the China Sea to its range, mentioning specimens sent to England from Macao and Canton. Bleeker, between 1849 and 1875, reported it from various: parts of the Malay Archipelago as enumerated elsewhere, and finally includes it among the fishes of Madagascar though, so far as we can ascertain, it has not been reported from either Mauritius or Zanzibar. Up to and including 1860 Bleeker had rightly kept the Indo-Malayan fish separate from that of the Atlantic, but *Bean and Weed remark—‘‘ Cuvier & Valenciennes describe this species under five: names: Scyris indicus, Scyris alexandrinus, Gallichthys major, Gallichthys chevala, and Gallichthys egyptiacus.’’ Although there can be no question as to the close affinity that exists: between our fish and Alectis alexandrina, their identity cannot so carelessly be taken for granted, and we are disposed to place more than ordinary reliance on the increased number of dorsal and anal rays in the Mediterranean form, on account of their remarkable constancy throughout the whole range of the Indo-Pacific, as favoring a contrary conclusion. This of course also excludes G. egyptiacus, while G. chevola is a synonym of A. ciliaris. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 87 with the publication of the second volume of the ‘‘ British Museum Catalogue of Fishes’’ Giinther revived the old error by again associating our species with the Zeus gallus of Linnzxus. This action was taken in direct defiance of the Swedish author’s assertion ‘‘ habitat in America,’’ and of his references to Marcgrave, the historian of Brazil about the middle of the seventeenth century, and of Patrick Brown, a contemporary of Linnzus, who published his ‘‘ Civil and Natural History of Jamaica’’ only two years previously to that of the tenth edition of the ‘‘ Systema Naturez.’’ This deliberate return to an already refuted error had immediate consequences, resulting in indescribable confusion, the effects of which are still apparent. In 1876 the same author made a notable addition to the distribution of the species, recording it on the authority of Garrett from the Hawaiian Archipelago in the North Pacific and the Society Group in the South. In the same place he makes the earliest announcement of its occurrence in Australia—‘ und estreckt sich bis andie Nordkuste Australiens ’’—a record which Macleay failed to discover. While, however, Giinther always insisted on the validity of the two Indo-Pacific species, Day in 1865 introduced yet another disturbing influence to the already too involved history of these fishes, by suggesting that A. ciliaris might be only the young of this species. He writes of A. ciliaris—‘ Large ones have not been recorded, unless the C. gallus is the mature of this species’’; and again—‘‘ The difference between the C. gallus and C. ciliaris, if any exists,’’ etc. The words in themselves were of little importance, yet they were destined to have far-reaching results, not the least of which was that in 1896 Jordan and Evermann united the two species under the common name Alectis ciliaris, giving among other things as an excuse for their action— ‘“ we see no reason for doubting that ciliaris is the young of gallus, as has been supposed by Dr. Day and others.’’* This unfortunate assumption was imme- diately accepted as correct by most if not all American ichthyologists who wrote on the subject, with the consequence that for eight years the references to these fishes are so inextricably confused that it is almost impossible to disentangle them, and give to each its proper application. Nor was this confusion wholly confined to America, for Stead in 1906 under C. ciliaris figures that fish but writes of its congener. In 1907, however, Jordan and Richardson (1), after comparing examples from Formosa with others of the same size from Panama, wrote— ‘‘ Comparison of adult specimens . . . leaves no doubt that the two are distinct species.”’ Uses :—Of its value as a food fish we have but little information, but what we have is favorable. Valenciennes, on the authority of Leschenault, says that ‘““ it is good to eat.’? Day tells us that on the Malabar Coast it is ‘‘ esteemed as food.’’ Jordan and Evermann consider it ‘‘ a food fish of some importance’’; while Kent, who calls it the ‘‘ diamond-fish,’’ a name which properly belongs to Monodactylus argenteus, remarks that ‘‘ it is met with in some abundance north- ward from Port Denison, and is very delicate eating.’’ *The italics are ours. 88 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Range:—F rom the Queensland Coast it was first definitely reported by Macleay, whose specimen came from the Endeavour River, N.Q.; Kent extended its range southward to Bowen, M.Q., off which the ‘‘ Endeavour’’ subsequently trawled 18 young examples in 14 fathoms on fine sand and mud. To these, as previously stated we can add Thursday Island, Raine Island, B.R., and the Burnett River, M.Q., this being the most southerly locality of which we have any note on our coast. Beyond our shores Stead has figured a specimen sent to him from ‘‘the Evans River, a little to the north of the Clarence River,’’ N.S.W., thus adding many miles to its southerly range, and finally Kent claims rather vaguely to have seen it in West Australian waters, and Giinther as vaguely records it from the North Coast. In the Archipelago it was recorded nearly two centuries ago by Valentyn from Amboina and later from the Moluccas and “‘ les cdtes des Terres Australes’’ by Renard, and its abundance and wide distribution there can not be better shown than by the following list of the islands from which Bleeker received it—Waigiou, Ceram, Amboina, Batchian, Obi, Celebes, Bali, Borneo, Java (whence Valenciennes had already recorded it), Banca, Bintang, Rio, Nias, and Sumatra, while Cantor added Pinang and Gunther the Malay Penisula. It ranges northward through the Philippines to Formosa and China, and westward through the Indian Seas to the Persian Gulf (Boulenger), the Red Sea (Riippell), and Madagascar (Bleeker). From the Pacific it has been recorded from the Hawaiian and Society Groups and should, therefore, be generally distributed. Dimensions :—On the Australian Coast Stead has recorded it as attaining a length of 456 millim.; our largest specimen, from Raine Island, measured 428, but it is said to grow to 900 and even according to Day to 1,500 millim. Illustration :—The specimen, of which Miss Clark has given us so beautiful a figure, measured 216 millim. and came from the Burnett River. ALECTIS CILIARIS (Bloch). Zeus ciliaris Bloch, Ausl. Fisch., vi, 1788, p. 29, pl. xci; Bonnaterre, Eneyel. Méth., Ichth., 1788, p. 71, pl. Ixxxix, fig. 372; Gmelin, Linneus Syst. Nat., ed. 13, i, 1789, p. 1223; Schneider, in Bloch, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 94; Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 1802, pp- 570, 572; Shaw, Gen. Zool., iv, 1804, p. 283. Scomber filamentosus Mungo Park, Trans. Linn. Soe. London, iii, 1797, p. 36; Schneider, ibid., p. 34. Gallus virescens part. Lacépéde, ibid., pp. 583, 584. Zeus vomer Russell, Fish. Vizagapatam, i, 1803, p. 46. Not of Linnezus. Chewoola-Parah Russell, ibid., pl. lviii. Zeus crinitus Mitchill, Amer. Journ. Sci. and Arts, xi, 1826, p. 144, pl. opp. p. 1. Blepharis fasciatus Riippell, Atlas Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1828, p. 129, pl. xxxiii, fig. 2. Blepharis indicus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 154; Valenciennes, in Cuvier Régne Anim., ed. Illustr., 1836, Poiss. pl. lviii, fig. 3; Schlegel, Faun. Japon., Pise., dee. 7, 1845, p. 113, pl. Ix, fig. 2; Richardson, Rep. Ichth. China and Japan, 1845, D> all & sat. Bice ; ; (Ue fh hays ye a bey Cay ieee Rey Ne ctegsty cut a QV Tigpe 11a wi f re 4 a* 4 Ci H al s ‘ aa Yat i i : j : ‘ ; : j i? re t } i hu t ’ ; +. , vie i . ix { pie Fr ste thy ‘ ALS iy » 7 nn. 3, 42, A et ArT, fh ae Aly 4 t “at wih | tages “way , nt Gta, VW 1295, he ¢ rms ‘eyed Pde,’ PT) beati, "hee a; ay by, A Bs ea eed, Be! Cyt tite j iz iy eo lt Mspiay {aed Fl » Puig sake | yen Bae syria ers Fe bch ‘ efit aE ' * iy ee Lhd bee aa ’ A * 44 PLATE XXVIII. QUEENSLAND FISHES. ‘aZI§ “JEN & ‘(qao[q) SIXVITIO SILOATY ‘yap ‘aqumig suihyd Face page 88. tw >» EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 89 Blepharis sutor Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 161; Guichenot, in Ramon de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, 1853, p. 114. Blepharis major Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 163. Gallichthys chevola Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 175. Blepharis crinitus De Kay, New York Faun., Fish., 1842, p. 123; Storer, Synops. North Amer. Fish., 1845, ii, p. 300. Carangoides blepharis Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Gen. xxiv., 1852, Makreel, p. 57; id., Nat. Tijds., Nederl. Ind., iii, 1852, p. 235; id. Verh. Batav. Gen., xxv, 1853, Japan, p. 4; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., xvi, 1858, p. 26; id., ibid., xvii, 1859, p. 147; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Indo- Neer]., viii, 1860, Sumatra, p. 30; id., ibid., Celebes, p. 39. Caranz ciliaris Ginther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 454; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 25; id., ibid., 1870, p. 689; Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 454; Day, Fish. India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 224; Gumther, Fisch. d. Sudsee, pt. 4, 1876, p. 135, pl. Ixxxix, figs A and B (young); Macleay, Proce. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, v, 1881, p. 537 (after Giinther 1); id., ibid., vii, 1882, p. 356; id., ibid., xi, 1886, p. 505; Ogilby, Catal. Fish. N. 8. Wales, 1886, p. 26; Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1889, p. 240; Weber, in Semon, Zool. Forsch, 1895, p. 267. Caranz sutor Gunther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fisch., 11, 1860, p. 454. Blepharichthys crinitus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861, App., p. 36; id., ibid., 1862, p. 262. Scyris analis Poey, Synopsis, 1868, p. 369. Gallichthys crinitus Litken, Spolia Atlantica, 1880, pp. 131, 197. Caranz crinitus Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 1882, p. 359; idd., ibid., 1883, p. 203. Alectis crinitus Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 1883, p. 438. Alectis ciliaris part. Jordan & Evermann, Fish. North and Mid. Amer., pt. 1, 1896, p. 931; idd., ibid., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxv, 1903, p. 338; Jordan & Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii., 1904, p. 942; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fisher., xxiii., 1905, p. 200. Alectis ciliaris Jordan & Rutter, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1897, p. 101; Waite, Synopsis Fish, N. S. Wales, 1904, p. 41; Stead, Fish. Austr., 1906, text-fig. 57; Jordan & Evermann, ibid., text-fig. 78; Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xlii, 1911, pp. 411, 496. PENNANT-FISH. CosBBLER-FIsH ; THREAD-FIsH. (Plate X XVII.) Type localities:—Surat, B.I. (Z. ciliaris). Coast of Sumatra (NS. filamentosus). Red Sea (B. fasciatus). Moluceas (B. indicus). Block Island, N. W. Atlantic (Z. crinitus). Martinique, W.1. (B. sutor). Martinique, W.I. (B. major). Vizagapatam, B.I. (G@. chevola). Cuba, W.I. (S. analis). Dorsal contour of body angular and élevated, much more so in the young than in the adult, as high as or a little higher than the ventral contour, the highest points of both being respectively at the origins of the soft dorsal and anal; profile of upper surface in front of the dorsal prominence evenly rounded in the adult, in the young more steeply declivous in front, with a marked occipito- nuchal gibbosity resulting in a slight predorsal concavity, much as in A. indica, 90 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. which it elsewhere resembles in contour; width of body 4-35 (adult) in its depth, which is 1-15 to 1-6 in its length and 2-5 to 1-85 times the length of the head; abdominal region longer, 1-75 to 1-55 in the length of the anal; caudal peduncle much deeper than wide in the young, a little wider than deep in the adult, its. width 4-15 to 2-15 in the eye-diameter. Head rather large and deep, its length 2-85 to 3 in that of the body, its width 3 to 2-6 in its depth, which is from one third to one eighth more than its length; cranio-nuchal keel cultriform in the young, becoming blunter with age. Snout short and rounded; eye large, its. diameter 2-4 to 3-2 in the length of the head and from three eighths more to a little less than that of the snout; interorbital region elevated, its width 1-33 to 1-1 in the eye-diameter. Lower jaw moderately declivous; maxillary extending to or slightly beyond the vertical from the anterior border of the pupil, its length 2-3 to 2-65 in that of the head, the width of its distal extremity 1-55 to 1-75 in its distance from the eye and 3-33 to 2-9 in the eye-diameter. Preopercular border entire. Jaws with broad bands of villiform teeth, intermixed with which anteriorly are some rather larger teeth; a triangular patch of villiform teeth on the head of the vomer ; similar teeth in bands on the palatines and tongue.°® Lateral line strongly curved to below the 10th dorsal ray, the length of the curved section 1-1 to 1-25 in that of the straight, which is armed posteriorly with from 10 to 15 feeble scutes. Dorsal fin with vi to 0,119 rays; procumbent spine small and concealed ; spinous dorsal consisting of six low unconnected spines in the young; with advancing age, these gradually disappear from the front until all have been absorbed in the muscular tissue. Soft dorsal originating midway between the tip of the snout and the root of the caudal; anterior 6 rays exceedingly produced but not graded from the front, the last pair occasionally being the longest, extending at all ages far beyond the tip of the caudal; behind the filiform rays the others are equal length to the last, which is slightly produced. Caudal fin widely forked, the lobes equal, 3-1 to 4 in the body-length. Anal with ii to 0, 116 rays, originating below the 9th dorsal ray, similar to but shorter than the soft dorsal, with 4 or 5 filamentous rays, which are graded from the front, the Ist as long as or even longer than the longest dorsal. Pectoral with 19 rays, its length 2-5 to 2-7 in that of the body; 5th ray longest, extending to above the 13th anal ray. Ventral inserted in advance of the pectoral, the 4 outer rays gradedly filiform in the young, reaching to the last third of the anal or not quite so far, its length three eighths to one fourth more than that of the pectoral and a half of the body-length; these filaments rapidly decrease with age and in a 10-in. example the fin is normal, 2-15 in the length of the pectoral and 5-4 in that of the body, the 2nd ray longest, reaching midway to the 6th anal ray. °'The teeth are as well developed in a 10-in. as in a 4-in. specimen. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 91 Gill-rakers moderately long and slender, 14 or 15 on the lower branch of the anterior arch, the longest 5-75 to 7-5 in the length of the head. Vent about midway between the origins of the ventrals and anal. Silvery, the upper surface washed with blue, the sides and lower surface iridescent ; young with six or seven darker bands about as wide as the interspace ; these are sometimes directed obliquely forward, but more usually the body-bands: are vertical leaving the orbito-nuchal band oblique; this latter is persistent in the adult as a more or less defined supraciliary blotch; none of the bands descend to the abdominal or thoracic regions, though posteriorly some may approach the anal. A large dark suffused spot on the opercle; tip of mandible dusky. Fila- mentous dorsal and anal rays and the ventrals black in the young, yellow in the adult, the black persistent as a basal spot, which is generally present on the dorsal, more rarely on the anal; rest of the fins yellowish gray, the caudal with a brownish tinge, in the young black-edged. (ciliaris, furnished with cilia; in allusion to the hair-like rays of the dorsal and anal fins.) Described from three Moreton Bay examples, measuring respectively 99, 114, and 247 millim., the smallest and the largest being m the collection of the Amateur Fishermen’s Association, by whom they were kindly lent to us for the purpose of this work; the third is in the Queensland Museum. Historical:—Being unable to consult the works of the early Dutch naturalists, we have been compelled to trust to Valenciennes for the establishment of the identity of all their figures with Alectis indica; but the fact that the species, of which we are now treating, is also widely distributed throughout the Indo-Malayan Archipelago suggests that some confusion may have occurred among them, as we have shown to be the case with those who came after them. Indeed Valenciennes’ own treatment of the subject does not invite much confidence in his dealings with that of others. Bonnaterre’s figure shows well the distinctive characters which separate this fish from its congener, but the same can not be said of Russell’s in whose drawings they are inextricably mixed. In 1826 Dr. Samuel Mitchill*® of New York described as Zeus crvmutus a small fish which had been washed ashore on Block Island in the North-West Atlantic. This fish has been generally referred by recent writers to the synonymy of A, ciliaris, but this view was not held by Giinther or Liitken. Rtippell’s figure of Blepharis fasciatus is said by Jordan and Richardson’ to be ‘‘ well dis- tinguished ’’ from that of his Scyris indicus, but these authors are at variance with Giinther as to which figure represents B. fasciatus (i.e. A. ciliaris). Valenciennes described this species by no less than four names—Blepharis *Giunther refers this fish to the synonymy of Carana sutor, giving the reference as. Z. crinitus Akerly. There are two errors here; firstly the fish was described by Mitchill, Akerly being merely the artist who drew Mitchill’s plate, and secondly Z. crinitus antedating Blepharis sutor by seven years, the position of the names should have been reversed. * Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fish., xxvii, p. 251. 92 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. indicus, B. sutor, B. major, and Gallichthys chevola, the first and last representing the Indo-Malayan, the others the Atlantic form. These latter, if they should be separable, would of course have to be relegated to the synonymy of Alectis crinita, to give in that case Mitchill’s fish its correct name. Bleeker next added his contribution to the confusion by giving it the totally unnecessary name of Carangoides blepharis; this name is doubly erroneous because, with the exception of the similarity of the dentition, our fish has but little in common with Caranx preustus Bennett,® which is the type of Carangoides Bleeker,® not C. plagiotema Bleeker? as stated by Jordan and Evermann (1).11 In Giinther’s (2) figure of a young specimen (59 millim.) he depicts the body as being rather deeper than long and nearly three times as long as the head, which is just what might have been expected as compared with the same measurements taken from the larger (99 millim.) example before me. The specimen figured by Ginther on the same page as adult (ausgewachsenen) is, however, little more than if so much as half- grown, as may be proved by the depth of the body being 1-1 in its length, instead of 1-6, which is the case in the adult fish. The ventrals also by their length show that his fish is quite immature, and it is very interesting to note how their decrease in length coincides with the increase in the pectorals. Uses:—Most writers, having only seen young specimens, are silent as to its edible qualities, but there is no reason to believe that it differs from those of its congener, though Valenciennes, on the authority of Dr. Kenig, remarks of Blepharis indicus that ‘‘ its flesh is poor, stringy, and insipid.’’ Range:—Warmer parts of the Indian, Pacific, and perhaps West Atlantic Oceans. On our coast we can only report it with certainty from Moreton Bay, 8.Q., and Edgecumbe Bay, M.Q. From the former we have seen about a dozen examples, mostly young, in as many years; from the latter seventy-two, ali young, were trawled by the ‘‘ Endeavour’’ along with A. indica. Since, however, it occurs as far south as Port Jackson and also throughout the whole of the Malayan subregions, we may safely assume that it is found along our entire coast-line though, possibly for reasons connected with its habits and as yet unascertained, it does not come within the scope of our fishermen’s operations. The earliest Australian record that we can find is that of Macleay in 1881, which simply runs ‘‘Port Jackson North Coast’’ without giving any indication * Life of Raffles, 1830, p. 689. ® Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., i, 1851, p. 352. * Act. Soe. Sci. Indo-Neerl., ii, 1857, p. 59. " Carangoides was first defined by Bleeker thus—‘‘ Dentes supramawillares et inframaail- lares pluriseriati, eequales. Dentes vomerini, palatini, linguales.’’ On the following pages he gives a list of some extra-archipelagian species, commencing with ‘‘Caranz fusus Geoffroy’ ’— which, if Ginther’s account of the dentition be correct, is more of a Carangus. But as I understand the recommendations in ‘‘ The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 1905, p. 25 ’’ his Carangoides preustus, being the first species described in the paper quoted {p. 363), takes precedence as the type. PLATE XXVIII. Face page 93. QUEENSLAND FISHES. 2 Nat. Size. TRACHINOTUS BOTLA (Shaw). Phyllis Clarke, del. EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 93 as to whence he received his information; however, it is possible to state that the first record is authentic, but the second doubtful, as also is his Port Moresby record, both these referring with quite as much likelihood to A. indica as to this species. Fraser lists Caranx gallus from West Australia but omits A. ciliaris, but here again the identification is untrustworthy, though indications point to both species occurring. Turning westward we find it recorded from the Moluccas (Valenciennes), Amboina, Celebes, Bali, and Java (Bleeker), Sumatra (Park), Philippines (Snyder), Andamans (Day), and onward through the Indian Seas to the Persian Gulf (Boulenger), Red Sea (Riippell), and East Coast of Africa (Giinther). Northward it occurs throughout the China Seas to Japan; while eastward it has been reported from the Solomon and Pelew Groups, Kingsmill Island, and the Hawaiian Archipelago (Giinther) even to the coasts of Lower California (Gill as Blepharichthys crimtus) and Mexico (Jordan & Evermann). The West Atlantic form has been recorded from Cape Cod, Mass. (Jordan & Evermann) southward to the West Indies—Martinique (Valenciennes), Cuba (Sagra), and Jamaica (Jordan & Rutter)—and South America (Brit. Mus.). Dimensions :—Attains a length of at least 350 millim. Illustration:—We have to thank the authorities of the Australian Museum for permitting to our artist the use of an adult specimen for our illustration. TRACHINOTUS BOTLA (Shaw). Botla Parah Russell, Fish. Vizagapatam, ii, 1803, p. 32, pl. exlii. Scomber botla Shaw, Gen. Zool., iv, 1803, p. 591 (after Russell) ; Swain, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1882, p. 306. Trachinotus russelii Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., viii, 1831, p. 436; Waite, Rec. Austr. Mus., v, 1904, p. 199; McCulloch, Ree. West Austr. Mus., i, p. 223. Trachinotus oblongus Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 437; Bleeker, Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. Neder]. Ind., ii, 1845, p. 516; id., Verh. Batav. Gen., xxv, 1853, Bengal, p. 44. Trachinotus russellii Jerdon, Madras, Journ. Lit. and Sci., 1851, p. 186; Bleeker, ibid. Trachynotus oblongus Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 484; Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1887, p. 661. Trachynotus russellii Day, Fish. India, pt. 2, 1876, p. 233, pl. li B, fig. 3. Trachynotus baillonii Alleyne & Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, i, 1877, p. 330; Macleay, ibid., v, 1881, p. 545 (After Giinther) ; id., ibid., vii, 1882, p. 359; Woods, Fish. & Fisher. N. S. Wales, 1882, p. 17. Not of Lacépéde. Trachinotus baillont Castlenau, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, iii, 1879, pp. 352, 362. Trachynotus coppingert Ginther, Voy. Alert, Zool., 1884, p. 29, pl. iii, fig. A. Trachynotus baillonit Ogilby, Catal. Fish. N. 8. Wales, 1886, p. 27. Trachynotus russelli Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, xiv, 1890, p. 1028; id., Edib. Fish. N. S. Wales, 1893, p. 89; Tosh, Mar. Zool. Rep. Queensl, 1903, p. 4, pl. Trachinotus baillonii Waite, Synops. Fish. N. 8. Wales, 1904, p. 41; Stead, Fish. Austr., 1906, p. 264. Trachinotus russellt Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fish., xxv, 1906, p. 235; Stead, Edib. Fish. N. 8. Wales, 1906, p. 92, pl. xlii; Jordan & Richardson, Mem. Carnegie Mus., iv, 1909, p. 180. Trachinotus velox Ogilby, Proc. Roy. Soe. Queensl., xxi, 1908, p. 14. 94 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. SWALLOWTAIL. Dart (New South Wales). (Plate XXVIII.) Type localities :—Vizagapatam, B.I. (S. botla). Vizagapatam, B.I. (7. russel). Java (7. oblongus). Percy Islands, M.Q. (7. coppingeri). Moreton Bay, 8.Q. (7. velox). Body deeply subovate and strongly compressed, the dorsal and ventral contours symmetrical or nearly so, the former linear or gently rounded and moderately acclivous from the frontal region to the soft dorsal, the latter feebly convex from the chin to the ventrals, between which and the anal it is linear or slightly emarginate; width of body 3 to 3-25 in its depth, which is 2-3 to 2-7 in its length and from one third to five ninths more than the length of the head; abdominal region moderate, 1-4 to 1-67 in the length of the anal; caudal peduncle one third to one half longer than deep, its least depth one tenth less to two ninths more than the eye-diameter. Head rather small, its length 3-45 to 4 in that of the body, its width 1-75 to 2 in its depth, which is 1-3 to 1-1 in its length; eranio-nuchal keel well developed. Snout short, pointed in the young, becoming blunter with age, the upper profile rounded, its length from one sixth less to as long as the eye-diameter, which is 3-2 to 3-85 in the length of the head; adipose lid little developed; interorbital region elevated and sharply rounded, its width as much as to one eighth more than the eye-diameter. Jaws equal in the adult, the upper the longer in the young; maxillary extending to below the middle or anterior border of the pupil, its length 2-45 to 2-85 in that of the head, the width of its truncate distal extremity from one fifth more than to twice its distance from the eye and 2-8 to 3-6 in the eye-diameter. Preopercle with broadly rounded angle, the membranous border crenulate in the young, entire in the adult, the hinder limb inclining slightly forwards. Both jaws with a narrow band of rather coarse villiform teeth, the outer row slightly enlarged; vomer with a triangular patch, palatines with a narrow band of similar teeth; pterygoids and tongue toothless. Scales small and rounded on the trunk, becoming gradually larger and more ovate posteriorly; cheeks and postorbital region scaly; rest of head and nuchal ridge naked. Lateral line with a feeble curve anteriorly, thence straight or gently sinuous to the caudal fin, the pores 88 to 95. . Dorsal fin with vi, i123 to 26 rays; procumbent spine, strong and exposed ; spines short and separate except in the very young, graduated evenly from the front, the last 1-4 to 2 in the eye-diameter. Soft dorsal originating from one fifth to a little nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the snout, the EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 95 anterior rays produced, the Ist the longest, varying in length from 3-66 in the young to 2-9 in the adult, or even in individual cases to 2-6 in the body-length, and extending when depressed to between the base of the antepenultimate and the tip of the last ray, which is not produced. Caudal fin very long and deeply forked, the lobes acute, the upper the longer, 2-65 to 2-15 in the body-length. Anal fin with ii, 121 to 25 rays, originating below the 3rd or 4th dorsal ray, its lobe as high as or higher than that of the soft dorsal, 3-65 to 2-2 in the length of the body and extending when depressed to between the last ray and the proximal fifth of the lower caudal lobe. Pectoral pointed, with 17 rays, its length 5 to 6-2 in that of the body, 4th ray longest, reaching in the young to above the free anal spines, in the adult not to the level of the vent. Ventral small, inserted well behind the pectoral-base, its length 1-33 to 1-8 in that of the pectoral and 7 to 11-25 in that of the body; 2nd ray longest, extending to the vent or not quite so far. Gill-rakers moderately long and strong, 4 to 8 + 13 to 15 on the anterior arch, the longest 6-5 to 7 in the length of the head and as long as the gill-fringes. Vent midway between the origin of the ventral and the Ist or 2nd anal ray. Upper surfaces dark blue-gray, shading to silvery below the lateral line, the breast and abdomen milk white; a series of six or seven vertically oval dark spots on each side; these are mostly above the lateral line only the anterior two, or rarely three, crossing it inferiorly, though one or more of the others may touch it; these spots are sometimes obscure or, though rarely, absent in the young. Dorsal, caudal, and anal lobes indigo blue. (Botla: the native name of the species at Vizagapatam according to Russell.) Described from a fine series of six graded specimens, measuring respec- tively 131, 141, 155, 225, 240, and 328 millim., obtained in Moreton Bay, and presented to the Queensland Museum by Messrs. Jolliffe, Palmer (3), and the Amateur Fishermen’s Association of Queensland (3). Specific name:—We have found it necessary to reinstate Shaw’s name for our fish in the place of the more commonly employed 7’. russellii, because both Shaw and Valenciennes founded their names on Russell’s figure, and there can be, therefore, no justification for rejecting the earlier name. Historical :—First described and figured by Russell in 1803, it does not seem to have attracted further notice until thirty years had elapsed, when Valenciennes recorded a specimen sent to him by Sonnerat from Pondicherry, which he believed to be the same species as Russell’s *‘ botla-parah.’’ About the ‘same time he received from Java, through those energetic and unfortunate young explorers Kuhl and van Hasselt and simultaneously from Pondicherry through Dussumier, a trachinote, which he separated from his 7. russelit under the name T. oblongus. No valid characters distinguishing the two forms are, however, ‘given, and they are now generally admitted to be identical. Bleeker and Giinther, 96 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. however, followed Valenciennes in upholding the validity of 7. oblongus, and the latter even went so far as to unite 7. russellii with T. baillom, even though years previously Valenciennes had correctly pointed out the distinctive characters of each species. This mistake of Giinther was destined to cause much confusion among the earlier Australian ichthyologists and has indeed only been finally interred within the last few years, even though Day in 1876 had fully exposed the error and vindicated the claims of the two forms to specific separation. In 1886, shortly after our arrival in New South Wales and before we had had an opportunity of examining the species, we followed Macleay in cataloguing T. bailloni as a Port Jackson fish, but at the same time emphasized our dissent from the Giintherian dictum by omitting 7. russellii from the synonymy of that species. Seven years later, however, having in the interim handled many specimens we for the first time established the presence of 7. russell in Australian waters. Meanwhile Giinther, having obtained from the Coast of Queensland a six inches specimen from which the usual spots were absent, described it as new under the name 7’. coppingeri, dedicating it to Staff-Surgeon R. W. Coppinger of H.M.S. ‘‘ Alert,’’ then on survey duty off the Australian Coast, who was responsible for its collection. A comparison of our respective descrip- tions, after setting aside as negligible the presence or absence of lateral spots, fails to reveal any structural differences, save the slightly greater depth and the much smaller eye; the latter character, if correctly stated, is the more extra- ordinary as Giinther’s specimen was young, and we are inclined to think that the artist, whose delineation of the outside eye makes it 4 (not 4-5) in the length of the head, is more correct than the describer; in a six inches specimen now before us the measurements are as 1 to 3-5. T. coppingeri may, therefore, be definitely included in the synonymy of 7’. botla. In 1904 we were disagreeably astonished to find that Waite had reinstated 7. balloni as a New South Wales species to the exclusion of 7’. botla; it was doubtless due to this that Stead two years later included 7’. bailloni in his catalogue of the Edible Fishes of Australia, but in his next publication he corrected his error and reverted to 7. russellvi as the New South Wales representative. We take this opportunity of affirming that there is no authentic record of the occurrence of 7’. baillont on the coast of the southern State. With regard to our 7. velox, after handling many specimens from Moreton Bay and its neighbourhood, we have come to the conclusion that the species was erroneously formed on an unusually vigorous individual, the virility of which chiefly revealed itself in the increased number of the dorsal and anal fin-rays and the extraordinary length of the soft dorsal, caudal, and anal lobes. How greatly these differences altered the habit of the individual the following table, comparing 7. velox with an average specimen of about the same size will show, the second set of figures belonging to the spurious 7’. velox. ‘‘ Length of body in millimeters from tip of snout to end of hypural bone 240, 225; number of soft rays in the anal 22, 26; length of dorsal lobe to that EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND.—OGILBY. 97 of body 2-92, 2-58; of upper caudal lobe to same 2-37, 2-15; of anal lobe to same 2-82, 2-21. We think, nevertheless, that 7. velox should also be reduced to a synonym of 7’. botla. Uses:—In 1893 we wrote—‘‘ As a table fish they cannot be highly recom- mended, nevertheless they are by no means unpalatable when eaten perfectly fresh.’’ Personally we have nothing to add to this verdict, but we have met with several persons who consider it an excellent fish; it should, however, be served boiled with a rich brown or oyster sauce. Stead remarks—‘ As an edible fish it is of considerable value, and as it is very pleasing to the eye, its import- ance in our future fisheries should be very much greater than at present.’’? From the sportsman’s viewpoint it is a somewhat negligible quantity, the irregularity of its movements making its capture a matter of pure accident; still surf-fishers after bream occasionally meet with it and find that once hooked with a light rod and fine tackle, the swallowtail with its rapid movements and sudden twists and turns is no mean antagonist, but is capable of calling forth the very highest powers of our most experienced anglers. Food:—The greater part of their food, as ascertained by dissection, consists of small fishes and the fry of larger ones, with which are often mingled small swimming crabs and squid. Range:—From the Persian Gulf through the Seas of India eastward to the Malay Archipelago; thence northward to Formosa, where it was collected at Tainan by Dr. Hans Sauter, though it appears to have so far eluded the vigilance of Philippine collectors. To the eastward we recorded it as long as twenty four years ago from Lord Howe Island, whence a specimen was sent to the Australian Museum by Mr. T. R. Icely. Our knowledge as to its distribution on the Australian Coast is extremely unsatisfactory; Macleay does not mention it at all, but as he merely copied Ginther in all things pertaining to fishes, it is probable that his records of 7. baillont should be credited to this species. All the trustworthy continental records of 7’. botla come from Eastern Australia, with the single exception of a specimen captured at Bernier Island, W.A., as noted by McCulloch. The earhest Australian record of this species, by a name which unquestionably belongs to it, was published by the writer in 1893; but if we are right in considering that Alleyne and Macleay’s Perey Islands record and that of Castelnau from Port Jackson, both as 7. bailloni, as well as Giinther’s T. coppingeri, also from the Perey Islands, actually apply to this fish, our claim has been thrice antedated by many years. Our record, however, had the merit of fixing definitely the south-eastern range of the ‘‘ dart,’’ as the species is known in the Sydney markets, at Port Jackson, where, however, it was looked upon more or less as a straggler. But since then Stead informs us of its occur- rence in Botany Bay, a few miles further south, where ‘‘ during the winter of 1907 several baskets, of 75 lb. weight apiece, were taken at one haul.’’ This, however, is a most unusual occurrence, and it is not until we get as far north G 98 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. as Lake Macquarie, whence consignments frequently find their way to the Sydney markets, that it becomes a tolerably well known fish. Northward from thence it increases rapidly in numbers and importance as a food fish, and on the coasts of Northern New South Wales and Queensland it is abundant, though curiously enough Kent makes no mention of either it or its congeners in his chapters on Queensland food-fishes. On the South Queensland Coast it is common at all seasons, but especially during the winter months, when large shoals of them accompany the vast schools of sea mullet (Mugil cephalus) at that time skirting our shores on the way to their breeding grounds, though unlike them the swallow- tails shown no indications of spawning. The association in fact seems to be purely fortuitous, or it may be simply caused by a certain similarity of habit, which induces two species so dissimilar in their mode of life to herd together for mutual protection. Personally we have collected the species at Coolangatta, Southport, Moreton Bay, and Great Sandy Strait, but further north we only know of it from hearsay, no example having been included in any collection, nor did it once occur during the cruises of the ‘‘ Endeavour.’’ Macleay (1881) records it from ‘‘ Torres Straits (Chevert Expedition),’’ but this is palpably a mistake, the Chevert examples having, as previously stated, been taken at the Percy Islands. Without an examination of the specimen it is impossible to determine to which species Macleay ’s Port Moresby fish belongs, smee McCulloch (loc. cit.) records the occurrence of the true 7’. bailloni at Murray Island, this being the only authentic Queensland locality at present known to us. Turning westward to the Archipelago we find that it was unknown to Cantor, while Bleeker only obtained it at Java, whence it had been sent previously by Kuhl and van Hasselt to Paris. as reported by Valenciennes under the name 7’. oblongus. The British Museum possesses an example from Sumatra; Day, however, failed to obtain it at the Andamans, but records it as common on both sides of the Indian Peninsula, while Boulenger subsequently increased its western range as far as Maskat on the Persian Gulf. Taken altogether the distribution of the species as sketched out above is unsatisfactory, for the immense hiatus between India and Eastern Australia, denoting an area which has been so thoroughly exploited, can not be regarded as having been satisfactorily filled, nor can the cause be satisfactorily accounted for. Dimensions :—The usual size of specimens seen in the Brisbane markets may average from 300 to 350 millim., but we have seen a specimen taken in Nerang Creek which measured 525 millim., and Day records a Canara specimen of 560, but these sizes are, we imagine, unusual in this species. Tllustration :—Our figure is taken from a magnificent example, measuring 328 millim., and captured at Mud Island, Moreton Bay, by Mr. T. Jolliffe, to whose liberality we are indebted for the specimen. REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHINA.—OGILBY. 99 REVIEW OF THE: QUEENSLAND POMACANTHINAE. By J. DouGcLas OGILBY. THe Pomacanthine may be briefly diagnosed as ‘‘chztodontoid fishes furnished with a strong spine at the angle of the preopercle.”’ The genus Holacanthus Lacépéde comprises a number of species varying greatly inter se. It is not, therefore, surprising that authors have made several attempts to split the genus into sections of more or less doubtful value. Swain- son first proposed to separate H. lamarcku Lacépéde under the name Genicanthus, but this was quite unnecessary, that species being absolutely congenerie with Lacépéde’s type H. tricolor, as that author recognized by placing the two in his ‘‘premier sous-genre.’’ Kaup next proposed the genus Centropyge, with H. tibicen Cuvier & Valenciennes as its type, under the erroneous impression that the species possessed four anal spines; otherwise being similar to Holacanthus, it too becomes a synonym of that genus. Bleeker then, in 1877, made a more valuable contribution to the literature of the genus by dividing it into three— Chetodontoplus, Holacanthus, and Acanthochetodon. The three principal characters relied on in support of his views are—the amount of attachment between the gill-membranes and the isthmus, the form of the body, and the size of the scales. The two first show such wide divergence as to be unreliable, and so become negligible as factors in the subdivision of the genus, but in my opinion the third may well be utilised for that purpose, as indeed had been partly done by Giinther many years previously for the sectional separation of the species. Angelichthys Jordan & Evermann, having as its type the Chetodon ciliaris of Linnzus, does not seem to require recognition. The present review deals with seven species, only that number having been as yet recorded from our coast; there are, however, at least five other Indo-Pacific species which should eventually be found in Queensland seas; these are printed in italics in the accompanying list. HoLaACcANTHUS FLAVISSIMUS Cuvier & Valenciennes. Y BICOLOR Bloch. x SEXSTRIATUS Kuhl & van Hasselt. rh IMPERATOR Bloch. Pp SEMICIRCULATUS Cuvier & Valenciennes. bispinosus Gtinther. Amboina to Tahiti. 100 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Holacanthus tibicen Cuvier & Valenciennes. Celebes to Lord Howe Island.* £ navarchus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Moluccas to New Guinea. (Macleay). diacanthus Boddaert. India to Tahiti. * nicobariensis Schneider. India to Tahiti. CH2TODONTOPLUS DUBOULEYI Giinther. CONSPICILLATUS Waite. 3? Key to the Genera. a, Exposed portion of scale smoothly and horizontally striated, without or with a spinulose- border, the basal margin lobulate ; gill-membranes narrowly attached to isthmus HOLACANTHUS: a=. Exposed portion of scale everywhere densely spinulose ; the basal margin without lobules ; gill-membranes more broadly attached to isthmus .. 28 .. CHXTODONTOPLUS. HOLACANTHUS Lacépéde. Holacanthus Lacépédeg, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 1802, p. 525 (tricolor); Giimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 42; eect Atlas Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 58; Jordan & Evermann, Fish. North and Mid. Annee? pt. 2, 1898, p. 1682. Genicanthus Swainson, Classif. Fish., 1, 1839, p. 212 (lamarckit). Centropyge Kaup, Arch. f. Nat., xxvi, 1860, p. 138 side. Acanthochetodon Bleeker, Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xi, pt. 2, 1876, p. 308 (lepidolepis) ; id., Atlas. Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 67. Angelichthys Jordan & Evermann, Check-list North Amer. Fish., 1896, p. 420 (celiaris); idd., Fish. North and Mid. Amer., pt. 2, 1898, p. 1684. Body ovate or elevated, strongly compressed. Scales moderate or small, adherent, ciliated, the exposed portion covered with smooth horizontal strix, which may be coarse and regular (as in bicolor) or fine and irregular (as in sexfasciatus), with or without a narrow spinulose border, and with the basal margin more or less conspicuously lobulate. Lateral line complete or Incomplete, the tube simple or branched. Head short and deep, with declivous profile, pointed snout, and wide preorbital, wholly scaly. Mouth terminal and protrac- tile, with narrow transverse cleft, the jaws equal or the lower the longer; dilated portion of maxillary more or less fully exposed, scaly. Nostrils supero- lateral, approximate, the posterior open and circular, the anterior valvular and much nearer to the eye than to the tip of the snout. Eyes small, median or anteromedian, high, the interorbital region moderately wide and usually elevated. Preorbital denticulated or smooth at least in the adult; preopercle usually serrated. One dorsal fin with xii to xvi 15 to 23 rays; procumbent spine present or absent; spines strong, pungent, usually graduated; soft portion of fin more 1 Inthe Records of the Australian Museum, vol. ili, .P. 203, Waite announces the occurrence of this species at Lord Howe Island, and claims it as ‘‘ an addition to the Australian fauna.” This is, however. incorrect, he having somehow overlooked my record of ten years previously published in the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, vol. xiv, p. 1028. The same remarks apply to Brama raii and OCristiceps australis and in a lesser degree a Chironemus- marmoratus and Trachinotus botla (russellii), while Pegasus draconis, also there recorded, is omitted wholly from his list. REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN 4.—OGILBY. 101 or less distinctly angulated. Caudal usually rounded, more rarely emarginate, with the outer rays produced. Anal similar to the soft dorsal, with 11 15 to 22 rays. Pectoral obtusely pointed, with 15 to 20 rays. Ventrals inserted below or slightly behind the pectoral base, close together, with a moderate or strong spine and 5 rays, the outer of which is usually produced, without accessory scale. Guill-openings wide; gill-membranes separate, narrowly attached to the isthmus ; branchiostegals six ; pseudobranchix well developed; gill-rakers minute ; air-bladder large, posteriorly bifurcate. Pyloric ceca numerous. Etymology :—Greek, 6dos, whole or perfect; dara, a spine. Coastal fishes of small or moderate size from the Indian, Pacific, and Western Atlantic Oceans. About 40 species known. Key to the Queensland Species. a‘, Seales moderate, in less than 55 transverse series (Holacanthus). b', Habit holocentriform ; lepidosis without squamulz. c'. Eye longer than the snout ; lateral line incomplete ; dorsal with 14 spines, the soft portion obtusely pointed as ee uP 5¢ ne .. flavissimus. b*. Habit chetodontiform ; lepidosis with scattered squamule. d', Eye about as long as snout ; lateral line incomplete ; dorsal with 15 spines, the soft portion acutely pointed ; pectoral with 16 or 17 rays .. ae .. bicolor. d*, Eye much shorter than snout ; lateral line complete ; dorsal with 13 spines, the soft portion obtusely pointed ; pectoral with 19 spines .. ans .. sexstriatus. a”. Scales small, in more than 70 transverse series (Acanthochetodon). e', Dorsal fin with 14 spines ; lateral line complete. fi. Eye much shorter than snout; soft dorsal acutely pointed .. .. tmperator, f*. Eye rather longer than snout ; soft dorsal rounded or obtusely pointed... as semicireulatus. HOLACANTHUS FLAVISSIMUS Cuvier & Valenciennes. Holacanthus flavissimus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 1831, p. 197; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fisher., xxv, 1905, p. 348. Holacanthus luteolus (Parkinson) Cuvier & Valenciennes, ibid., p. 198. Holacanthus cyanotis Giimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 517; id., Fisch. d. Sidsee, pt. 2, 1874, p. 52, pl. xl, fig. A.; Ogilby, Mem. Queensl. Mus., i, 1912, p. 54. Holacanthus monophthalmus Kner, Sitz. Akad. Wien, lvi, 1867, p. 714, fig. 2 (jwv.); id., ibid., Ivii, 1868, p. 16. Holacanthus ocularis Peters, Mon. Akad. Berlin, 1868, p. 147. Holacanthus sphynx de Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, ix, pt. 3, 29 Nov. 1884, p. 457. Type localities:—Ulie Island, Caroline Group (flavissimus); Tahiti, Society Group (lutfeolus) ; Aneiteum, New Hebrides Group (cyanotis) ; Raiatea, Society Group (monophthalmus) : South Sea (ocularis) ; Coast of Queensland (sphynx). Depth of body 1-8 in its length; dorsal contour slightly more elevated than the ventral, its anterior profile from snout to nape evenly convex and decreasingly acclivous, thence rising slightly by a further convexity to the 7th dorsal spine, bevond whieh it descends in a long gentle curve to the caudal 102 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSIUM. peduncle; ventral contour gently rounded from the lip to the ventral, thence linear and feebly declivous to the anal, the base of which is evenly convex; least depth of caudal peduncle 7-1 in the length of the body. Width of head 1-4 in its length, which is 1-15 in its depth and 3-66 in the body-length. Diameter of eye one sixth more than the length of the snout, which is 2-85 in that of the head; interorbital region convex but not elevated, as wide as the snout is long. Jaws equal, maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the eye. Preorbital with 3 or 4 strong teeth, its width 1-9 in the eye-diameter. Hinder limb of preopercle inchned backwards and feebly serrated; a strong retrorse tooth on the lower limb close to the spine, which is short, 2-85 in the length of the head, and extends to below the border of the operele. Seales as in H. bicolor, but without squamule, in 46 series above the lateral line, and in 6/1/23 between the spinous dorsal and the vent. Lateral line incomplete, terminating at the base of the 11th dorsal ray. Dorsal fin originating above the base of the pectoral, with xiv 15 rays, the soft portion 1-75 in the length of the spinous; spines graduated, the first moderately developed, 2-6 in the last, which is 1-2 in the soft fin and 4-55 in the body-length; soft dorsal with obtusely angular outline, the posteromedian rays the longest, extending to beyond the level of the middle of the caudal; procumbent spine protruding. Caudal fin rounded, the middle rays longer than the outer and 3-8 m the length of the body. Anal with iii 17 rays, originating below the 12th dorsal spine; spines much stronger than those of the dorsal, the Ist long, 1-45 in the last, which is 1-15 in the longest ray and rather less than the last dorsal spine; soft anal similar to but shorter, lower, and less pointed than the soft dorsal, so that the hinder border is obliquely linear. Pectoral with 16 rays, its length 3-5 in that of the body; 4th ray longest, extending to below the 7th dorsal spine. Ventral much longer than the pectoral, the spine half as long as the outer ray, which is much produced, 2-6 in the body-length, and reaches to the base of the Ist anal ray. Coloration (1) of our specimen after long immersion and exposure :-— Uniform pearl gray, the head and shoulders with a dirty yellow tint. (2) Of fresh specimen fide Jordan and Seale -—‘‘Clear deep yellow, citron- vellow below; fins all the same; dorsal, anal, and caudal with very narrow bright blue edge; a deep blue ring around the orange eye; a deep violet-blue on opercle with an orange edge behind; preopercular spines and two bars across the chin slaty blue; two slaty spots on breast; upper lip slaty.’’ Etymology :—Latin : flavissimus, superlative of flavus, yellow. Reg. No. in Queensland Museum of specimen described :—I. 11/106. Measurements of a Queensland example :—See p. 116. REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN2A.—\OGILBY. 103 Range:—From the East Coast of Queensland northward to the Caroline Group and eastward to the Paumotu Archipelago. Cuvier and Valenciennes first gave a place in literature to this species from drawings by Mertens and Parkinson, the former’s subject having been taken at Uléa (Ullie Island), one of the Carolines, the latter’s at Tahiti in the Society Group, but the descriptions (if such they can be ealled) taken from these sources, under the names A. flavissimus and H. luteolus, are valueless, and might very well have been disregarded. The species does not appear to have been noticed again until 1860, in which year Giinther (1), as H. cyanotis, gave the first recognizable description from a specimen collected by Maegillivray at Aneiteum, New Hebrides. Within the next decade it received two new names from Kner and Peters respectively, the former describing a young example from Raiatea, Society Group, as H. monophthalmus, the latter somewhat vaguely from the ‘‘South Seas’’ as H. ocularis, while Kner in the same year reported his fish from Savai, Samoa. Some years later Giinther (2) added the Paumotu Archi- pelago, Hervey and Kingsmill Islands, and the Fiji Group to the known loeali- ties, and at a still later date de Vis gave it yet another name, describing it from the Queensland Coast as H. sphinx. Finally Jordan and Seale recorded it as being ‘‘rather common about the coral reefs of Samoa,’’ but were unable to add any further localities to its distribution. Dimensions:—A small species, not exceeding 100 millim. in total length. Remarks :—Described from one of the Queensland specimens, measuring 81 millim., and in but moderate condition. The other example has been ruined by bad mounting. This pretty little species is easily separable from the other Queensland pomacanthins by its symmetrical head and holocentriform habit. HOLACANTHUS BICOLOR (Bloch). Color-sousounan Renard, Poiss. Moluques, i, 1718, pl. xix, fig. 106. Ikan Batoe-roepa-satong Valentyn, Amboina, iii, 1724, fig. 244. Cheetodon bicolor Bloch, Ausl. Fisch., iii, 1785, pl. 206, fig. 1: East Indies; Bonnaterre, Encycl. Méth., Ichth., p. 93, pl. xevii, fig. 397; Schneider, Bloch Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 218. Holacanihus bicolor Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 1802, pp. 527, 533, 536; Cuvier & Valen- ciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 1831, p. 168; Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., v, 1853, p. 77; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Ind. Neerl., viii, 1860, Sumatra, p. 26; Gimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ti, 1860, p. 50; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., i, 1863, pp. 234, 252; id., Versl. Akad. Amsterdam, xvi, 1864, p. 360; id., Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., ii, 1865, pp. 100, 190, 287; id., Versl. Akad. Amsterdam (2) vii, 1873, p. 39; Gimther, Fisch. d. Siidsee, pt. 2, 1874, p. 51, pl. xxxix, fig. B; Bleeker, Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, xvii, 1877, Chet., p. 127; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xii, 1877, p. 22; id., Atlas Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 61, pl. ecclxix, fig. 3; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xiii, 1878, p. 45 ; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, vii, pt. 2, 1882, p. 244; id., ibid., viii, pt. 2, 1883, p. 263; de Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, ix, pt. 3, 1884, p. 457; Weber, Semon Zool. Forsch., 1895, p. 264; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fisher., xxv, 1905, p. 348; iid., ibid., xxvi, 1906, p. 34; Jordan & Richardson, Bull. U.S. Bur. Fisher., xxvii, 1907, p. 269; iid., Bur. Sci. Manila, i, 1910; p. 41. 104 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Type locality :—Kast Indies. Depth of body 1-9 to 2 in its length; dorsal contour rather more elevated than the ventral, its anterior profile linear and strongly acclivous to above the middle of the eye, thence by a moderate convexity to about the 5th dorsal spine, beyond which it descends in a long gentle curve to the middle of the soft dorsal, whence it bends more abruptly downwards to the caudal peduncle; ventral contour feebly convex between the chin and the ventrals, thenee linear to the anal, the base of which is evenly convex; least depth of pedunele 6-75 in the length of the body. Width of head 1-6 in its length, which is 1-15 to 1-3 in its depth and 3-7 to 3-85 in the body-length. Diameter of eye 1-15 in the length of the snout, which is 2-7 in that of the head; interorbital region as wide as and one sixth less high than the eye-diameter. Maxillary extending to below the anterior nostril. Preorbital coarsely denticulated, its width 1-2 in the eye- diameter. Hinder limb and posterior half of lower limb of preepercle strongly serrated, the former inclined somewhat backwards; spine long and curved, 1-75 in the length of the head, and extending to beyond the middle of the pectoral base ; subopercle serrated. Seales ctenoid, the exposed portion coarsely and horizontally striated, the striz smooth, each terminating in a stout spinule, the basal portion with the margin conspicuously lobulate; in 50 series above the lateral line and 6/1/18 or 19 between the spinous dorsal and the vent. Scattered squamule present. Lateral line incomplete, terminating near the base of the last dorsal ray, the tubes simple. Dorsal fin originating above the opercle, with xv 16 rays, the soft portion 2-6 in the length of the spinous; spines graduated, the Ist well developed, 1-75 in the last, which is 1-8 in the longest ray and 6-1 to 6-33 in the body-length ; procumbent spine present; soft dorsal with acutely pointed outline, the 8th and 9th rays longest, extending to beyond the level of the middle of the caudal, its hinder border feebly concave. Caudal fin rounded, the middle rays longer than the outer and 4-1 in the length of the body. Anal fin with ii 18 rays, originating below the 10th dorsal spine, the Ist spine 1-33 in the last, which is 1-8 in the longest ray and 6-25 to 6-5 in the body-length; soft anal similar in height and shape to but much longer than the soft dorsal. Pectoral with 16 or 17 rays, ifs length 3-9 to 4 in that of the body; 5th ray longest, extending to below the 7th dorsal spine. Ventral much longer than the pectoral, the spine 1-6 in the outer ray, which is well produced, 3-35 in the body-length, and reaches beyond the base of the 1st anal spine. Gill-rakers 3+ 12, short and pointed, except the anterior pair on the upper branch, which are rudimentary. Posterior half of trunk and tail deep blue-black, the color continuous on the soft dorsal and anal and on the interspinous membrane of the anal and the ne ih nits ' % Heil \¢ UN Na . Abe f ‘ha ijt) w niet iw Ae ith’ wi a " Mintak f | al 4) h ae aie any r da as atte! a by | y “ nbhr ayia wis i a | iui, Nip oe fii a 4 0 he ag eth ol igh vir} hie ae tie é nf cad a \4 wi i i 4 eb ‘de’ ie «hee "aL » AeA " rhe ne 4 fen me | thea waar, on a He APIA: ne iis ue iy lar Mis iW rae an a ti ‘ vb sp ke phiye iy \ : je i’ iy {hl tt vi iath' Pay ey i ra ian tT : i Phono ea, taps! Fi r | : ¥ vu iy “4 4? i mt. 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CRE, ob te he CARS te Bole, Tee Th per bteath, We tip sep lap aisty VR ye . ae re 4 by a f ’ , 4 : 1 ay ae . “Mibereyt bs ae Pry an re. hes eu Bhqedy.- the bat ' 7 , , i be : . i j ee OS a A a $A vote Gapgal: Mult apa) wed oe, She erapilod niga aby y } va : ,) ha he , ue ‘: by : why ae i, ome i ‘ay dd As Ae te " fo - 5 'y HERP gee Aha wa} . » Lh) ee Be A eee REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN £.—OGILBY. 105 contiguous part of the dorsal; rest of trunk and head, membrane of the anterior dorsal spines, pectorals, ventrals, caudal, and adjoining strip of the pedunele golden yellow; a broad blue-black arcuate band between the eyes, continued across the cheek as an obscure dull blue evanescent band; lips and chin dull blue ; dorsal, anal, ventral, and preopercular spines bluish-white. Etymology :—lLatin: bicolor, of two colors. Reg. No. in Queensland Museum of specimens described :—I. 14/1840-1. Measurements of a typical Queensland example :—NSee p. 116. Range:—Malay Archipelago eastward to Samoa.* Through some confusion with the West Indian Holacanthus tricolor Bloch and his immediate followers gave the distribution of this species as ‘‘ les deux Indes.’’ a mistake which was not corrected until the publication by Valen- ciennes of the seventh volume of the ‘‘ Histoire Naturelle des Poissons.’’ It was not obtained by Cantor in Malaysia, but Bleeker records it from numerous localities—Sumatra, Flores, Solor, Amboina, Ternate, Ceram, Saparoea, Banda, Arou, and New Guinea. To these Giinther added the Solomon and Navigator Groups, from the latter of which Jordan and Seale also received it. Macleay recorded it from Port Moresby, British New Guinea, and subsequently from the D’Entrecasteaux Archipelago, to the eastward of the Territory, but he was unable to include it in the Appendix to his ‘‘ Descriptive Catalogue of Australian Fishes,’’ published in 1884. Later, however, in the same year de Vis announced the occurrence of two specimens from the Queensland Coast; in addition to these the Queensland Museum possesses two other local examples labeled ‘“Moreton Bay.’’ Finally the Endeavour trawled five specimens on fine dark sand in 33 fathoms three and a half miles south-east from Double Island Point. How acquired:—The two specimens originally recorded by de Vis were collected by Mr. Kendall Broadbent on the North Queensland Coast; of those from Moreton Bay no further information is procurable. Dimensions:—A small species, attaming a length of 120 millim. Remarks :—Described from the Moreton Bay specimens above mentioned, which respectively measure 97 and 105 millim. HOLACANTHUS SEXSTRIATUS Kuhl & van Hasselt. Holacanthus sexstriatus (Kuhl & van Hasselt) Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 1831, p. 194; Bleeker, Nat., Gen. Arch. Nederl. Ind., i, 1844, p. 520; id., Verh. Batav. Gen., xxiii, 1850, Cheet., p. 25; id., Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., iii, p. 57; id., Act. Soc. Sci. ? Gunther, relying on Garrett, records the species from the Hawaiian Islands, but the keen- eyed American collectors of those much-exploited isles having failed to rediscover it, the record must be taken as doubtful. . 106 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Celebes, p. 35; Gimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 49 ; Kner. Reise Novara, Zool., i, Fische, pt. 1, 1865, p. 104; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., ii, 1865, p. 287; Alleyne and Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, i, pt. 2, 1877, p. 277; Bleeker, Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, xvii, 1877, Chet., p. 140; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xii, 1877, p. 22; id., Atlas Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 66, pl. ceclxxii, fig. 2; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, ii, pt. 4, 1878, p. 352; id., ibid., v, pt. 3, 1881, p. 395 (after Giinther) ; id., ibid., vii, pt. 2, 1882, p. 244. Chaiodon resimus Gronow, Catal., ed. Gray, 1854, p. 71: “‘in Oceano Indico.” Type locality :—Java. Depth of body 1-65 to 1-8 in its length; dorsal contour a little less elevated than the ventral, its anterior profile linear and moderately acclivous from the lip to above the anterior third of the eye, thence rising more abruptly by a high convexity to the origin of the spinous dorsal, along the base of which it is feebly convex, while that of the soft forms an even curve to the caudal pedunele; ventral contour feebly concave to the throat, thence evenly rounded to the pedunele, the least depth of which is 7-1 in the length of the, body. Width of head 1-3 to 1-4 in its length, which is 1-2 in its depth and 3-9 in the body-length. Diameter of eye 2 to 2-2 in the length of the snout, which is 2-1 in that of the head; interorbital region one third to two thirds wider and one eighth to one fifth higher than the eye-diameter. Maxillary not extending to below the anterior nostril; lower jaw projecting. Preorbital entire, its width one third to three sevenths more than the eye-diameter. Hinder limb of preopercle inclined well backwards and rather weakly serrated, lower limb with several strong teeth decreasing in size from behind; spine long and conspicuously grooved, 2 to 2-25 in the length of the head, and extending beyond the pectoral axil. Seales feebly ctenoid, the exposed portion with fine often broken horizontal strize and a narrow spinulose inframarginal band, the basal border ineonspicu- ously lobulate, in 48 to 50 series above the lateral line and in 7 or 8/1/22 to 24 between the spinous dorsal and the vent; squamule present near the lateral line, which is complete and follows the contour of the back; tubes with an ascending and a descending lobule, not extending to the margin of the scale. Dorsal fin originating above the pectoral axil, with xiii (rarely xiv) 20 rays, the soft portion 1-5 in the spinous; spines graduated, the 1st short, 3-5 in the last, which is 1-85 to 2-1 in the longest ray and one fifth to one sixth of the body-length ; soft dorsal with obtusely cuneiform outline, the 5th and 6th rays longest, extending to the level of between the middle and end of the caudal fin, its hinder border obliquely truncate. Caudal fin gently rounded, the middle rays a little longer than the outer and 4-25 to 5 in the length of the body. Anal fin with iii 18 or 19 rays, originating below the 8th dorsal spine, the 1st spine 2-2 in the last, which is 1-9 to 2-05 in the 7th ray and 6-15 to 6-7 in the body- length ; soft anal as long as but much lower and more obtuse than the soft dorsal, barely reaching to a level with the middle of the caudal. Pectoral with 19 rays, its length 3-75 to 4 in that of the body. the 4th ray longest, extending to below ~ REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN£.— OGILBY. 107 the 7th dorsal spine. Ventral from two thirds to nine tenths longer than the pectoral, the spine 2-4 in the outer ray, which is much produced, 2 to 2-4 in the body-length, and reaches to between the 2nd anal spine and the 3rd ray. Gill-rakers 4 -+ 14, the 3 anterior on the upper limb rudimentary, the rest very short but pointed. Golden green, with six or seven purple transverse bands as wide as or somewhat narrower than the interspaces, in the smaller example these are con- tinued on the bases of the dorsal and anal fins, or across the abdomen, or around the peduncle, but in the larger example are wholly confined to the sides of the body; each of the scales on the lighter body-bands has also a dull blue central spot. Head and throat purpte, uniform or bluc-spotted, the former with a wide silvery band extending downwards from the nane to or nearly to the preopercular spine and entering the eye. Spinous dorsal golden green: soft dorsal, caudal, and anal purplish brown, profusely adorned with circular blue spots; pectorals brown, with a narrow suffused grayish border: ventrals uniform purple. Etymology :—Latin: sex, six; striatus, striped. Reg. No. in Queensland Museum of the specimens described :—I. 13/1455-6. See p. 116. Measurements of a typical Queensland example: Range :—Seas of the Malay Archipelago eastward to the Gulf of Papaa and North-Eastern Queensland. Described originally from a Javanese example, sent to Paris by Kuhl and van Hassett, Bleeker early extended its range in a northerly direction to Singa- pore, where, however, it is probably scarce since it was unknown to Cantor, much of whose material was collected there. Subsequently the great Dutch naturalist obtained specimens from Celebes and Amboina, and in 1877 he wrote in the Atlas Ichthyologique, ‘‘Le sexstriatus n’a pas été trouvé jusqu’ici hors l’Insulinde.’’? Even within these limits it does not appear to be generally distri- buted, as it has not been recorded from Borneo, nor have the American collectors been more successful in the Philippines; from the Arou Islands too, which have been fairly well exploited by Bleeker, Weber, and myself, it is as yet unrecorded, and it is distinctly strange that so large and striking a species should have entirely escaped the notice of the earlier Malayan historians, such as Ruysch, Renard, and Valentyn, from which we may infer that it is not a common fish among the Spice Islands. The earliest record of its occurrenée in Australia was published coincidentally with Bleeker’s remark above quoted, by Alleyne and Macleay on the strength of ‘‘several large specimens taken near Cape Gren- ville’? by members of the Chevert Expedition; incidentally this is the most southerly station from which it has been as yet recorded; in the following year Macleay received it from Port Darwin, N.T. and two years later from Port Moresby, B.N.G. Our specimens, three in number, come from Darnley Island. 108 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. How acquired :—Collected by Dr. J. R. Tosh, and presented by him to the Queensland Museum. Dimensions :—According to Bleeker this species attains a length of 500 millim. (On y voit quelquefois des individus d’un demi-métre de long.) i eet HOLACANTHUS IMPERATOR (Bloch). -Japanische-Keizer Ruysch, Coll. Nov. Pisce. Amboina, 1718, p. 37, pl. ix, fig. 1. Douwing-cammus Renard, Poiss. Moluques, i, 1718, pl. xvi, fig. 93. Empereur du Japon id., ibid., ii, 1719, pl. lvi, fig. 238; Valentyn, Amboina, iii, 1724, p. 462, fig. 370. Ikan-djamban Valentyn, ibid., p. 362, fig. 51. Poisson-couronné id., ibid., p. 479, fig. 418. Cheetodon imperator Bloch, Ausl. Fisch., iii, 1785, p. 51, pl. exeiv ; Bonnaterre, Encycl. Méth., Ichth., 1788, p. 92, pl. xciil, fig. 384; Gmelin, Linnzus Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 1, 1789, p. 1255 ; Schneider, Bloch Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 217. Holacanthus imperator Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 1802, pp. 527, 534, pl. xii, fig. 3; Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 1831, p. 180; Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl Ind., ill, }852, p. 758; id., Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., i, Manado and Macassar, p. 48 ; id., ibid., vii, Celebes, ete., p. 35; Gimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., ii, 1860, p. 52; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., ii, 1865, p. 287; Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xx, 1870, p. 787; Bleeker, Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., iv, 1873, p. 140; Gimther, Fisch. d. Siidsee, i, pt. 2, 1874, p. 53, pl. xl, fig. A; Bleeker, Pollen & Van Dam, Hist. Madagascar, pt, 4, 1875, p. 96; Day, Fish. India, pt. i, 1875, p. 112, pl. xxviii, fig. 5; Seale, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., i, No. 3, 1901, p. 104; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., xxv, 1905, p. 349. Acanthocheetodon imperator Bleeker, Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, xvii, 1877, Chet., p. 150; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xii, 1877, p. 21; id., ibid., xiii, 1878, p. 41; id., Verh. Akad. Am- sterdam, xviii, 1879, Maurice, p. 14. Type locality :—Moluceas. Depth of body 1-75 in its length; dorsal and ventral contours about equally elevated but not symmetrical, the former undulous and moderately acclivous to the nape, which is convex; beyond this it rises very gently to about the 6th dorsal spime, whence it descends in a long curve to the caudal pedunele ; ventral contour irregularly convex between the chin and the vent, thence curving upwards more strongly to the peduncle, the least depth of which is 8-25 in the length of the body. Width of head 1-5 in its length, which is 1-1 in its depth and 3-5 in the body-length. Diameter of eye 2-15 in the length of the snout, which is half that of the head; interorbital region convex, its width 1-5 time the eye-diameter. Maxillary not extending to the vertical from the nostrils. Preorbital entire, its width one third more than the eye-diameter. Hinder limb | of preopercle inclined well backwards, evenly serrated, the lower limb with or without one or more strong teeth, the spine short and very strong (sometimes double), 3-9 in the length of the head, and not reaching to below the middle of the opercle. Scales small and ctenoid, the exposed area more or less completely spinu- lose; the basal margin not or but little lobulate. Lateral line complete but inconspicuous. OO REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN 4.—OGILBY. 109° Dorsal fin originating above the pectoral axil, with xiv 21 rays, the soft portion 1-4 in the spinous; 1st spine rather short, about one third of the last, which is 1-55 in the longest ray and 6-2 in the body-length; procumbent spine if present concealed ; soft dorsal with acutely pointed outline, the 6th ray longest, the hinder border undulous. Caudal fin rounded, the middle rays longer than the outer, 5-55 in the length of the body. Anal fin with 111 20 rays, originating below the 10th dorsal spine, the first spine 2-45 in the last, which is 1-35 in the middle and longest rays and 7-35 in the body-length; soft portion with evenly rounded outline, a little shorter than the soft dorsal. Pectoral with 19 rays, its length 3-8 in that of the body, the 4th ray longest, extending to below the 6th dorsal spine. Ventral a little longer than the pectoral, the spine 1-55 in the outer ray, which is not produced, is 3-7 in the body-length, and reaches to the yent. Body purplish brown, with numerous narrow orange bands, which are continued on the soft dorsal and in a less degree on the anal fins, those on the upper half of the body with a general inclination upwards, on the lower half horizontal or with a trivial declination, but always curved well upwards posteriorly; scapular, pectoral and thoracic regions, and_ branchiostegal membranes uniform blackish. Head greenish yellow; a broad black frontal band, which decreases in width from above, passes downwards through the eye and along the preopercular border to the spine, which is dull blue. Dorsal fin with a broad fulvous marginal band throughout; caudal yellow; anal and pectorals purplish, the latter widely bordered with dull yellow; ventrals greenish yellow. Etymology :—Latin, imperator, emperor; so named because the older Dutch writers on the Moluceas called it “‘empereur du Japon.’’ Reg. No. of Queensland Museum specimen described :—I. 14/1711. Measurements of the specimen :—See p. 116. Range:—From the Red Sea and the East Coast of Africa, Madagascar and Mauritius, eastward through the seas of India and the Malay Archipelago to the Society and Paumotu Groups and northward to China and Guam. Misled by the name given to this fine species by the earlier Dutch historians of the natural history of the Spice Islands, Bloch and those immediately follow- ing him gave the habitat as Japan, where, however, it has not as yet been found. This error was not corrected until 1831, when Valenciennes announced its true distribution as the ‘‘warm parts of the Indian Seas’’ from the Moluccas to Mauritius. To this Klundinger added the Red Sea and Bleeker China and Madagascar, while Giinther extended its range in an easterly direction to the far-off Society and Paumotu Groups and Seale in a northerly to the Mariannes. Coming nearer home Bleeker in 1878 recorded it from New Guinea, while our specimen, so far the only Australian representative, comes from Raine Island, an outlier of the Barrier Reef about the latitude of Somerset, N.Q. Dimensions :—Grows to 380 millim. 110 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Uses:—No modern writers whom I am able to consult speak of this as a food-fish, but Valenciennes publishes the following encomium on its excellence :— ‘‘ Tt is reported to be the most highly esteemed of all the fishes which are commonly eaten in the Indies; they compare its flesh to that of the salmon.’’ Remarks :—Described from an example measuring 321 millim., collected by Dr. J. R. Tosh, and presented by him to the Queensland Museum. HOLACANTHUS SEMICIRCULATUS Cuvier & Valenciennes. Holacanthus semicirculatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 1831, p. 191, pl. elxxxiii ; Lesson and Garnot, Voy. Coquille, Zool., ii, 1831, p. 173, pl. xxx, fig. 3; Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Indo., viii, 1855, p. 414; id., ibid., xv, 1858, p. 200; id., ibid., xix, 1859, pp. 331, 333; id., ibid., xx, 1859, p. 241; Gimther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish. ii, 1860, p- 53; Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., viii, 1860, Sumatra, p. 26; id., ibid., Celebes, p. 35; 1d., Nederl. Tijds. Dierk., i, 1863, p. 270; id., ibid., li, 1865, pp. 148, 190, 287 ; id., Versl. Akad. Amsterdam (2) ii, 1868, p. 297; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, viii, 1883, p. 263; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. 8. Bur. Fisher., xxv, 1905, p. 349. Chetodon microlepis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., iv, 1853, p. 257. Holacanthus iburu Montrouzier, Essai. Faun. Isle Woodlark, 1857, p. 169. Holacanihus nicobariensis part., Day, Fish. India, pt. 1, 1875, p. 112. Holacanthus nicobariensis var. semicirculatus id., ibid., pl. xxviii, fig. 6 Acanthochetodon semicirculatus Bleeker, Verh. Akad. Amsterdam, xvii, 1877, Chet., p. 146; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xii, 1877, p. 21; id., Atlas Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 69, pl. ccclxx, fig. 5 ; id., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xiii, 1878, p. 45. Holacanthus semicircularis de Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, ix, 1884, p. 457. Type locality :—Timoyr. Depth of body 1-7 in its length; dorsal and ventral contours subsym- metrical, the former rather the more elevated, its anterior border lmear and strongly acclivous to above the posterior border of the eye, thence convex to about the 5th dorsal spine, beyond which it curves gently downwards to the middle of the soft dorsal, whence the descent to the caudal peduncle is more abrupt; ventral contour evenly convex to the ventrals, thence sublinear and gently declivous to beyond the anal spines, thence curving upwards to the pedunele, the least depth of which is 7-2 in the length of the body. Length of head 1-15 in its depth and 3-2 in the body-length. Diameter of eye rather more than the length of the snout, which is 2-55 in the length of the head; interorbital region convex and moderately elevated, its width 1-2, its height 1-5 in the eye-diameter. Jaws equal; maxillary extending to below the posterior nostril. Preorbital without denticles, its width about half the eye-diameter. Both limbs of preopercle feebly serrated, the hinder inclined slightly backward ; spine short and slightly curved, one fourth (to one third) of the length of the head and extending to below the middle (or posterior border) of the opercle. Seales small; squamule wanting. Lateral line complete and conspicuous. Dorsal fin originating above the hinder border of the operele, with xiii 23 rays, the soft portion 1-3 in the spinous; spines graduated, the first moderately _ REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN A.—OGILBY. 111 developed, 2-6 in the last, which is 1-33 in the soft fin and 4-25 in the body- length; soft dorsal with obtusely angular outline, the anteromedian rays the longest, extending to above the middle of the caudal fin; procumbent spine, if present, small and concealed. Caudal fin feebly rounded, the middle rays as long as the outer and 4-8 in the length of the body. Anal with i 21 rays, originating below the 10th dorsal spine; spines strong and graduated, the first 1-55 in the last, which is 1-15 in the longest and rather more than the last dorsal spine; soft anal similar to, but slightly shorter, lower, and more rounded than the soft dorsal. Pectoral with 19 rays, its length 3-4 in that of the body; 5th ray longest, extending to below the Sth dorsal spine. Ventral much longer than the pectoral, the spine half as long as the outer ray, which is produced, 2-55 in the body-length, and reaches to the 2nd anal spine. Violaceous blue, with numerous alternate pearly white and pale blue narrow semicircular bands on the trunk and tail, the points of the crescents directed backwards and usually coalescent on the vertical fins; the bands on the head, peduncle, and caudal fin are vertical or nearly so, but a rather broader pearly band runs backward from the snout to the occiput and a slightly conver- gent pair from behind the eyes. Cheeks, bases of pectorals, and outer half of spinous dorsal yellowish; caudal with a broad terminal blue-gray band. Etymology :—ULatin, semicirculatus, semicircular. Reg. No. of Queensland Museum specimen :—I. 11/197. Measurements of the specimen described :—Nee p. 116. Range:—Seas of India and Malaysia eastward to New Ireland and Fiji. Its occurrence at Woodlark Island was mentioned by Montrouzier as long ago as 1857, and some twenty years later Macleay obtained it from the Engineer Group, a short distance east from Moresby Island. Finally in the following year de Vis recorded it from the ‘‘Coast of Queensland’’ as H. semicircularis. Dimensions:—A small species, apparently not exceeding 120 millim. in length. CHATODONTOPLUS Bleeker. Cheiodontoplus Bleeker, Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xi, pt. 2, 1876, p. 307 (mesoleucus). Body ovate or elevated, strongly compressed. Scales minute, adherent, etenoid, with the entire exposed surface densely spinulose. Lateral line complete or incomplete, rarely interrupted, the tube simple. Head short and deep, with subvertical profile, rather short rounded snout, deep preorbital, wholly scaly. Mouth terminal, with narrow transverse cleft, the jaws equal; maxillary mostly concealed when the mouth is closed, the exposed portion scaly. Teeth in the jaws in several series, small, slender, setiform; roof of mouth and tongue tooth- less. Nostrils superolateral and approximate, the anterior tubular, nearer to the eye than to the tip of the snout. Eye moderate and anteromedian, high but not encroaching upon the cranial profile. Preopercle with a strong pungent 112 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. spine at the angle, the hinder border usually serrated. One dorsal fin, with xi to xili 18 to 21 rays; spines strong, pungent, graduated; soft portion shorter than the spinous, scaly, with rounded outline. Caudal rounded with 15 branched rays. Anal similar to soft dorsal, with 11 17 to 19 rays, the spines graduated. Pectoral small and obtusely pointed, with 17 to 20 rays. Ventrals inserted below the pectorals, close together, well developed, with 1 5 rays, the spine long and strong, the outer ray longest, without accessory scale. Guill-membranes more or less broadly attached to the isthmus. Etymology :—Greek, xairn, 2 bristle; ddwv, a tooth; 67Aa, arms or implements of warfare. Range:—Chetodontiform fishes of small or moderate size from the Western Pacific Ocean. About seven species are recognized. Key to the Queensland Species. a’. Depth of body 1-4 in its length; D. xi 21, the soft portion two thirds of the length of the spinous ; dubouleyt. a*. Depth of body about half its length; D. xiii 19, the soft portion nearly as long as the spinous... hg aie ak #6 +2 oe y fc .. conspicillatus. CHATODONTOPLUS DUBOULEYI (Giinther).* Holacanthus duboulayi Gimther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) xx, 1867, p. 67; Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, ii, pt. 4, 1878, p. 352; Klunzinger, Sitz. Akad. Wien, lxxx, i, 1879, p. 361; Macleay, ibid., v, pt. 3, 1881, p. 395 (after Giinther); McCulloch, Rec. Austr. Mus., ix, pt. 3, 1913, p. 360, pl. xiv; id., Rec. West. Austr. Mus., 1, pt. 3, 1914, p. 222. Cheetodontoplus duboulayi Bleeker, Arch. Néerl. Sci. Nat., xii, 1877, p. 22. Type locality :—North-West Coast of Australa.* Depth of body 1-4 in its length; dorsal and ventral contours about equally elevated but not symmetrical, the former linear and strongly acclivous to above the anterior border of the eye, thence rismg abruptly in a high convexity to about the 6th dorsal spine, beyond which it descends in a longer and more gentle curve to the caudal peduncle; ventral contour slightly concave between the lip and the throat, thence evenly rounded to the peduncle, the least depth of which is 7-2 in the length of the body. Width of head 1-55 in its length, which is 1-2 in its depth and 3-85 in the body-length. Diameter of eye 1-15 in the length of ® While fully recognising the value of the law which strictly enjoins that there shall be no- tampering with an author’s original orthography, there are, I think, cases where a certain amount | of relaxation from the strict letter of the law is not merely advisable but incumbent upon us. One such case is that of a palpable printer’s or pen error, of which the well-known substitution of Orycnus for Orcynus is an example; another such is the incorrect spelling of a proper name, whether through ignorance, carelessness, or accident. Two examples of this latter occur at once to me among Australian Fishes, namely duboulayi Giimther and philippi Schneider, which should respectively be altered to dubouleyi and phillipi, so that those whose names are thus honored may be correctly designated. * Mr. du Bouley forwarded collections to the British Museum from both Roebuck Bay and King Sound, and we may, therefore, assume that one or other of these inlets represents the type locality. REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN 4.—OGILBY. 113 the snout, which is 2-6 in that of the head; interorbital region a little wider and two thirds higher than the eye-diameter. Jaws equal, maxillary extending to below the anterior nostril. Preorbital without spines, its width 1-15 in the eye-diameter. Hinder limb of preopercle vertical, serrated or rugose, the spine 2-4 in the length of the head and reaching to below the pectoral axil. Seales minute and strongly ctenoid, the entire exposed portion coarsely spinulose. Lateral line interrupted, the upper portion terminating close in front of the last dorsal rays, the lower commencing below the middle of the soft dorsal and extending straight to the root of the caudal, its tubes widely separated. Dorsal fin originating above the vertical limb of the preopercle, with xi 21 rays, the soft portion only about one twelfth shorter than the spinous; spines eraduated, the 1st well developed, 2-25 in the last, which is a little less than the 4th and longest ray and nearly one fourth of the body-length; outline of soft fin evenly convex. Caudal fin rounded, the middle rays as long as the outer and 4.35 in the length of the body. Anal with iii 19 rays, originating below the Ist dorsal ray, the 1st spine half as long as the 3rd, which is as long as the anterior rays and 3-7 in the body-length; soft anal similar to but a little longer and higher than the soft dorsal. Pectoral with 18 rays, its length 4-3 in that of the body; 4th ray longest, extending to below the 8th dorsal spine. Ventral a little longer than the pectoral, its spine 1-35 in the outer ray, which is slightly produced, 3-8 in the body-length. and reaches to the anal. Gill-rakers 3 + 13, all short and triangular. Purplish brown; a broad yellow band from before and below the three anterior spines across the opercle and base of the pectoral, to between the origin of the ventral and the vent; a second band from the sixth dorsal spine to the pedunele, increasing in width from the front, and about evenly divided between the body and fin, is sometimes continued across the peduncle, the extension being brown-spotted. Sides of head and breast lighter than the body, uniform or dark- spotted, lips and chin yellow. Dorsal and anal fins purple, with numerous pale blue, wavy, often interrupted horizontal lines; caudal, pectoral, and ventral fins yellow. Variations :—MecCulloch (loc. cit.) writes—‘‘Klunzinger and Macleay have noted considerable variation in the arrangement of the lighter markings on the broad brown body-band. These may form either a network with the lines descending from the back to the belly, or be longitudinal and nearly straight. In others, again, as in that figured, they may be absent and represented only by a few irregular spots near the edges of the otherwise uniform brown surface. The lines on the fins are characteristic, but appear dark violet in some specimens and pale blue in others; the margins of the fins are similarly either light or dat? Etymology:—Named for Mr. F. H. du Bouley, an ardent field naturalist and collector of West Australia, whose recent death we have to deplore. H 114 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Reg. No. in the Queensland Museum of the specimen described :— I. 14/1781. Measurements of a typical Queensland example :—See p. 116. Range :—Coasts of tropical and subtropical Australia. From the Queens- land Coast I have seen four specimens obtained in Moreton Bay (2), Port Curtis (1), and Rockingham Bay (1). Dimensions :—Attains a length of 180 millimeters. Remarks:—First described by Giinther from specimens forwarded to the British Museum by Mr. F. H. du Bouley from the North-West Coast of Aus- tralia, it next appeared at Port Darwin, Northern Territory, where Spalding collected four examples for the Hon. Sir Wm. Macleay. Two years later Klun- zinger recorded it from the same locality. McCulloch mentions an example from Cape York, N.Q., in the Australian Museum. Our specimen is from Cardwell, N.Q., where it was collected by Mr. Kendall Broadbent, and measures 150 millim. Finally McCulloch records it from Port Hedland, W.A. CHZTODONTOPLUS CONSPICILLATUS (Waite). Holacanthus conspicillatus Waite, Rec. Austr. Mus., iii, pt. 7, 15 June, 1900, p. 203, pl. xxxv; id., ibid., v, pt. 1, 1903, p. 37, and pt. 4, 1904, p. 215. Holacanthus (Cheetodontoplus) personifer McCulloch, Rec. West. Austr. Mus., i, pt. 3, p. 221, pl. xxxi. Type localities:—Lord Howe Island (conspicillatus) ; West Australia (personifer). Depth of body 1-8 to 2 in its length; dorsal and ventral contours about equally elevated but not symmetrical, the former linear and very strongly acclivous to above the posterior border of the eye, thence convex to the 3rd dorsal spine, beyond which it is linear and feebly declivous to the middle of the soft dorsal, whence it curves evenly downward to the caudal peduncle; ventral contour convex to below the eye, thence linear and somewhat declivous to the anal fin, the base of which describes a long gentle upward curve to the peduncle ; least depth of peduncle 8-45 to 3-7 in the length of the body. Width of head 1-5 in its length, which is 1-2 in its depth and 4-1 to 4-35 in the body-length. Diameter of eye 1-1 to 1-2 in the length of the snout, which is 2-6 to 3-35 in that of the head; interorbital region as wide as or a little wider than and about as high as the eye-diameter. Lower jaw the longer; maxillary extending to below the anterior nostril. Preorbital without spines, its width 1-25 to 1-55 in the eye-diameter. Hinder limb of preopercle inclined somewhat backwards and evenly serrated, the spine 2 to 2-4 in the length of the head and not quite reaching to below the pectoral axil. Seales minute and strongly ctenoid, the exposed portion densely spinulose, the basal margin without lobules. Lateral line incomplete, terminating in front of and rather remote from the end of the soft dorsal. REVIEW OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN A.—OGILBY. 115 Dorsal fin originating above the opercle, with xiii 19 rays, the length of the soft portion 1-5 in that of the spinous; Ist spine short, about one fourth of the last, which is as long as the anterior rays and 5-2 in the body-length; soft dorsal with rounded outline. Caudal feebly rounded, the middle ray 1-15 in the outer and 4-9 in the length of the body. Anal with ii 19 rays, originating below the 11th dorsal spine, the 1st spine 1-5 to 2 in the length of the 3rd, which is a little less than the middle and longest rays and 5-3 to 5-5 in the body- length; soft anal longer, higher, and more convex than the soft dorsal. Pectoral with 18 rays, its length 4-85 to 5 in that of the body, the 4th and 5th rays longest, extending to below the 6th dorsal spine. Ventral longer than the pectoral, the spine 1-35 to 1-5 in the outer ray, which is somewhat produced, 4-25 to 4-6 in ‘the body-length, and reaches to the vent. Gill-rakers 3 + 13, short and triangular. Deep imperial purple, except the abdominal region, which shades gradu- -ally to a smoky brown; a broad creamy collar passes across the nape from pectoral ‘to pectoral, rapidly diminishing in width to an acute point beneath the latter; breast whitish, anteriorly tinged with brown. Snout and interorbital region yellowish brown; rest of head smoke brown, the sides with yellow spots, which may be small and numerous or large and scattered. Dorsal and anal fins lke the body and with a narrow white border; caudal and ventrals yellow; pectorals purple, with the two upper rays and a broad terminal border creamy; ventrals creamy. Etymology :—Latin: conspicillatus, spectacled. Reg. No. of specimen in the Queensland Museum :—I. 14/1839. Measurements of a typical Queensland specimen :—See p. 116. Range:—Coasts of tropical and subtropical Australia; Lord Howe Island. Dimensions :—Attains a length of 290 millimeters. Remarks :—This handsome species was first described by Waite from two examples sent to the Australian Museum by Mrs. T. Nicholls from Lord Howe Island. The Queensland Museum possesses two specimens, both of which belonged to the old collection. The larger of these is in bad condition and without a distinguishable label; the second, however, from which my description is mainly taken, is well preserved and is labeled ‘‘ Moreton Bay’’; besides these the Amateur Fishermen’s Association possesses two fine specimens from Moreton Bay, which they kindly lent me for use in this paper. The color pattern in these examples differs so widely from that of Waite’s figure that I was at first inclined to consider the Queensland fish distinct, but as a most careful comparison of both descriptions showed no structural differences I have come to the conclusion that our Moreton Bay fish is merely a color variety of the Lord Howe species. On communicating with Mr. McCulloch on the subject, he informed me that he had 116 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. already described and figured a species resembling ours from West Australia under the name H. personifer, his paper bemg now in press. If we are correct in uniting the two species the range of C. conspicillatus will have to be so far extended.* The nearest ally of this species is C. dimidiatus Bleeker® from Amboina, but in addition to the marked color differences, the contour of the dorsal surface, the outline of the spinous dorsal, the extra pectoral ray, etc., serve to separate the two species. MEASUREMENTS OF THE QUEENSLAND POMACANTHIN A. : : 3 3 = S Ss aS = 3 5) = > = iS & Ss Ss 3 x 8 wee Pe a, a ES Q 3 S B Sas 8 s > < 2 Se || ees) % % ‘S 3S = = x x q x S S Length from tip of longer jaw to that of caudal | 81 105 | 403 53 | 321 150 rs fin in millimeters Expressed in hundredths. From tip of snout to base of middle caudal rays 100 |100 |100 /|100 |100 {100 {100 Greatest depth of body 30 .. | 55°5 | 49-7 |. 56-5 | 56°38 | 56-3 | Tivaieere Least depth of caudal peduncle 50 Bron) abseil || lets) yy We 13°9 | 12-1.| 13-0 | LES Greatest width of head : a wr | dl Ords | CUGG.1). cL Oes ES 19:1 | 16-4 | 16-3. Greatest depth of head Sor bie 29-6 | 29-8 | 36:4 | 31-2 | 31-1 | 29-7 From tip of snout to end of bony opercle soli e2drdi| eZ 25°6 | 31-7 | 28-7 | 25-8 | 24-3. From tip of snout to eye ; ze ie 9-5 9-7 | 12-2 | 12-5 | 14:3 9-9 8-7 Horizontal diameter of eye lett 8-5 5-6 | 13-6 6-6 8-6 7:8: Width between middle of eyes 9-5 8:3 9-3 | 11-4 9-9 9-2 7-6 Height above middle of eyes .. ss Teil 6-8 9-1 Ae 14-3 | 11-6- Between eye and angle of mouth 5:8 6-9 7:8 6-7 8-8 7-4 5-4 Length of preopercular spine 9-5 | 14-8 | 12:5 7-9 74 | 10:8 | 10-1 Basal length of spinous dorsal 47-1 | 51-9 | 45:2 | 40-9 | 441 | 43-9 |, 46-6. Basal length of soft dorsal 26:6 | 20 30:6 | 31-8 | 31-3 | 41 31:6 Length of first dorsal spine 8-4 9-6 4-6 9-1 5-1 | 10-9 4-9 Length of last dorsal spine 21-9 | 16-3| 16-1 | 23-6 | 16:2 | 24-6 | 19-2 Length of longest dorsal ray .. | 26:3 | 29-6 | 29-5 | 31-4 | 25 26-2 | 19-7 Length of middle caudal rays 28:5 | 24-3 19-9 | 20:9 | 18 23 20-3 Length of outer caudal rays .. 22-93) 21-33 LTES a2 Oe alae 23 23 Length of first anal spine 14-3 | 12-1 6-8 | 15:9 5-5 | 13:5 9-3. Length of last anal spine 20-6 | 16 14-9 | 25 13-6 | 26-9 | 18-9 Length of longest anal ray 23-6 | 28-8 | 28:3 | 28:6 | 184] 26-9 | 21-3. Length of soft anal 25-4 | 28-2 | 30-9 | 30:7 | 30-1 | 42-2 | 33-1 Length of pectoral fin 28-5 | 25-1 | 25-3 | 29-5 | 26:5 | 23:3 | 20-6. Length of ventral spine 19-2 | 18-5 | 18:4] 19 17-3:| 19°3))\< 15:8 Length of ventral fin .. 38-5 | 30 42 38 26:8 | 26:2 | 23°5 § Mr. McCulloch’s paper is just to hand and though in both measurements, shape and color of caudal, and size of paired fins, it differs greatly from our specimens, I believe that the differences- are due to age, my specimens being much smaller than his. 6 Atlas Ichth., ix, 1877, p. 57, pl. ceclxix, fig. 4. SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 117 ON SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES. By J. DoucLas OGILBY. (Plates XXIX-XXX.) In the following pages there will be found descriptions of a new genus and five new species of Queensland Fishes, as well as redescriptions of three others, which for some reason are interesting. They are as follow :— 1. PHYSODON TAYLORI sp. nov. Galeide. MELANOTZNIA MACCULLOCHI sp. nov. Atherinide. . PSENES HILLII sp. nov. Stromateide. . PLECTORHYNCHUS MULTIVITTATUS (Macleay). Pomadaside. REGANICHTHYS MAGNIFICUS gen. et sp. nov. ? Pempheride. ASTERROPTERYX SEMIPUNCTATUS Riippell. Eleotride. BLENNIUS INTERMEDIUS sp. nov. Blennude. SPHEROIDES MULTISTRIATUS (Richardson). Tetraodontide. TI OLR go bo ee The three beautiful illustrations in this paper were kindly drawn by Mr. Allan R. McCulloch, of the Australian Museum, Sydney, to whom we here tender our grateful thanks.* Famity GALEIDA. PHYSODON TAYLORI sp. nov. Type locality :—Townsville, N.Q. Body moderately slender and compressed, the vent slightly premedian, its contour between the eye and the first dorsal convex. Head about one eighth wider than deep, its length to the first gill-slit 6-1, to the last 4-8 in the total ‘length. Snout rather short and obtusely pointed, depressed, its preoral length 1-33 time the ramal length of the upper jaw, a little more than the width of the mouth, and one tenth less than the space between the eye and the first gill-slit. ‘Oro-narial interspace half the distance of the nostril from the tip of the snout, which is one sixth more than the internarial width, 1-2 in the space between the nostril and the angle of the mouth, and 1-55 in that between the outer angles of the nostrils. Width of nostril a little less than the eye-diameter; two small triangular valvules, the outer the larger, near the inner angle of the nostril anteriorly. Eye vertically elliptical, three tenths nearer to the mouth than to the nostril, and midway between the tip of the snout and the first gill-slit, its 1T have great pleasure in supplementing Mr. Ogilby’s remarks. From time to time the ‘Queensland Museum has been indebted in more than one respect to Mr. McCulloch, and I wish wery heartily to record my appreciation of his valuable assistance—R. HAMLYN-HaRRIs. 118 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. horizontal diameter 4:15 in the preoral length and 3-85 in the width of the mouth; interocular width one tenth more than the preoral length. Angle of upper jaw touching a line drawn between the anterior borders of the eyes. Labial folds moderately developed, that of the lower jaw twice as long as the upper fold, which is about one fourth of the ramal length; a groove behind the angle of the mouth. Teeth rather stout and moderately oblique, those of the upper jaw with. the tip straight, of the lower with the tip bent somewhat inwards, each with a. deep notch behind; lower jaw without, upper with a median unpaired tooth. Gill-slits narrow, the width of the third 1-8 in the distance between the: upper angles of the first and fifth and seven tenths more than the eye-diameter ;. last two gill-slits above the pectoral. First dorsal originating a little behind the inner angle of the pectoral, its: inner lobe not quite reaching the vertical from the origin of the ventral; second dorsal very small, its basal length 4-15 in that of the first and 3-15 in its distance from the precaudal pit; interdorsal space one ninth more than the upper caudal lobe, which is one fourth of the total length; lower lobe well developed, broad and obtuse, its length 2-35 in that of the upper. Anal terminating below the middle and 1-9 time the base of the second dorsal, inserted about four ninths nearer to the caudal than to the ventrals. Pectoral triangular, with both outer and inner angles obtuse, its width 1-25 in its length and 1-1 in the base of the: first dorsal, its outer angle extending to below the anterior third of that fin. Ventral fins inserted four ninths nearer to the first than to the second dorsal. Dark blue-gray above, lighter below, none of the fins with darker tips or borders. Etymology :—Named after Mr. Frank Henry Taylor, Entomologist to the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Townsville, N.Q., by whom the specimen was. collected. Reg. No. in Queensland Museum—I. 12/738. Range :—Coast of North Queensland. How acquired:—Presented to the Queensland Museum by its collector.. The specimen, which is in beautiful condition, is a half grown female. Famity MELANOTANIIDA. MELANOTZENIA MACCULLOCHI sp. nov. (Plate XXIX, Fig. 1.) Type locality :—Barron River, N.Q. Body subovate and strongly compressed, the ventral contour rather more: arched than the dorsal, its width 2-12 in its depth, which is 3-45 in its length and _ one tenth more than the length of the head; caudal peduncle rather slender, its. least depth 1-45 in its length and 8-54 in the length of the body. Head small,, QUEENSLAND FISHES. PLATE XXIX. NAA AAA, A 1. MELANOTHNIA MACCULLOCHI Ogilby. 23 Nat. Size. A. R. McCulloch, del. ASTERROPTERYX SEMIPUNCTATUS Riippell. 3 Nat. Size. A. R. McCulloch, del. Face page 118. -_ SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 119 with the upper profile linear and slightly acclivous, its width 1-8, its depth 1-31 in its length, which is 3-65 in that of the body. Snout depressed and obtusely rounded anteriorly, its length 1-17 in the eye-diameter, which is 2-85 in the length of the head and 1-07 in the gently rounded interorbital width. Cleft of mouth oblique, the lower jaw prominent; maxillary somewhat dilated distally, not extending to below the eye, entirely concealed when the mouth is closed. Seales in 32 series between the opercle and the root of the caudal, in 9 between the origin of the first dorsal and the vent. Cheeks, opercles, and occiput scaly, the rest of the head naked. Dorsal fins with 15, 19 rays, the first originating above the 8th, the second above the 16th body-scale; spine of first dorsal 1-27 in the middle ray, which is 1-5 in the length of the head, and extends, when depressed, beyond the origin of the second dorsal: spine of second dorsal as long as that of the first, the rays increasing to the 3rd, which is a little lower than the first dorsal. Caudal forked, its length one fourth of that of the body. Anal with 115 rays, originating below the middle of the first dorsal, its spine 1-43 in that of the dorsal and 1-5 in the length of the longest ray; last ray of anal not nearly reaching to the caudal. Pectoral pointed, with 14 rays, the 4th longest, 1-66 in the length of the head. Ventral inserted below the middle of the appressed pectoral, its length 1-57 in that of the head, the outer ray longest, reaching to beyond the vent. Light brown, all the upper trunk-secales with darker borders; sides with six series of small dark spots, forming chevron bands. Opercular region with two dusky blotches. Fins colorless. Etymology:—Il have much pleasure in naming this pretty little species after my friend and fellow-worker Mr. Allan Riverston McCulloch, whose excellent papers on our southern and deep-water fishes have become the leading feature in Australian ichthyology. Reg. No. in the Queensland Museum—lI. 12/731; its length 52 millim. Range :—Streams of North Queensland. Two specimens from the Barron River, near Cairns, N.Q. How acquired :—Collected and donated by Mr. A. Anderson. Famity STROMATEID. PSENES HILLII sp. nov. Type locality :—Cowan Cowan, Moreton Bay. Body elliptical, the dorsal and ventral contours rounded and symmetrical, its width 2-5 in its depth, which is 2-85 to 3-05 in its length and a little more than the length of the head; caudal peduncle about one fourth longer than deep, its least depth 9-8 in the body-length. Head rather large, the upper profile feebly 120 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. rounded and but little acclivous from the forehead to the dorsal fin, its width 2-1, its depth 1-15, in its length, which is 3 to 3-25 in that of the body. Snout short and obtuse, with strongly convex, anteriorly subvertical profile, its length 1-4 in the eye-diameter, which is 2-65 to 2-9 in the length of the head; interorbital region mesially flattened, its width 3-2 in the head. Mouth small and oblique, the jaws equal; maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the eye. Seales 5/56/19. Lateral line forming a long shallow curve to about the first third of the peduncle. Dorsal fin originating above the opercular flap, with xi, 120 rays, the spinous portion 1-4 in the soft; spines weak and flexible, the 5th the longest, 2 to 2.25 in the length of the head, the last spine short and isolated; soft dorsal low, about one sixth lower than the spinous. Caudal forked, the middle rays 1-4 in the upper lobe, which is 3-45 in the body-length. Anal originating below the 1st dorsal ray, with iii 19 rays, spines short, the 3rd the longest, 2-3 in the anterior rays, which are 2-4 in the length of the head. Pectoral obtusely pointed, with 21 rays, its length 3-15 to 3-25 in that of the body; 7th ray longest, reaching to the vertical from the 3rd anal ray. Ventral inserted below the last quarter of the pectoral-base, the spine short and feeble, 2-4 in the 2nd and longest ray, . which is 4-3 in the length of the body and reaches to the 2nd anal spine. Gill-rakers short and slender, 7-+-16 on the anterior arch, the longest 1-3 in the gill-fringes and 8-6 in the length of the head. Pale yellowish brown, every scale but especially those above the lateral line so closely crowded with dark brown dots as to give the fish a dark appearance; lower surface of head and abdomen faintly tinged with orange; cheeks and postorbital region dark brown. Dorsal fins blackish; caudal brownish; anal, pectorals, and ventrals yellow, the former narrowly tipped with white, the latter broadly with lavender. Etymology:—Named after Mr. Charles William Hill, Lightkeeper at Cowan Cowan, to whom we are indebted for the specimen. Described from two Moreton Bay examples, measuring respectively 112 and 87 millim. They were obtained at Cowan Cowan, M.B., and Southport, and the larger example, which has been chosen as the type, was presented by Mr. C. W. Hill, to whom I have great pleasure in dedicating it. Its register number in the Queensland Museum is I. 14/2165. Famity POMADASID. PLECTORHYNCHUS MULTIVITTATUS (Macleay). Diagramma multivittatum Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, ii, pt. 4, June 1878, p. 349, pl. vil, fig. 2. Type locality :—Port Darwin, Northern Territory. Body deeply subovate and compressed, the dorsal contour much more arched than the ventral, its width 2-55 in its depth, which is 2-45 in the length hanks, ana oth: Wiesiees eee: rot p* Mikthe: AC Nia ita } id a df ie iy thie abies Wh ibs phoney pene brad yl ape ev bike rit keel wath ahh) yaee thy enuitob® ve, the ‘Pedtorion halt» ar, the Oe vic rT ; int yt ne ~~ ‘aT sped guintaly [ 2 bent. & litte fone ¢ th) Heep, FOS syn lagi, of thn wmode Baout - Laide geaitly rvinnadod prot hes a wD, ay it Sink ed: The hepa. nati a eppeyr! raat, Ci Pra eta elbedy fai} ce a ote wr Yenlis oval, ie Noldilsr, bhi eAilachic frean le tie pet rut thie Vip oF tthe. Eye iar rate, ity ‘ameter Ut ty (he jee or the) healt aud | Lata pieus Mae: ipterorks Hel peyiod volver, Me _tth 4 Tittle Teaa Phar ghia ey4=, rit ta Ae aud! me fn (he: Jabeth et Mie “Téa 1 Sua. jaw wh gbiky the a wi “1 wxtending to below tic Yorn \awors a Chae ara 2% hays 4 be. ; rat Ht of tw heud Devt cif’ Risks tal 146 46 tte Aeiahebtathr, whip ae La iv overs deg, of The & We. Sie Of (eearoageie & ovis ‘pounded: aud Teehty - Gbptinadate ; te hinder “Yio renee “broly ‘nichyy; wid slonely ‘rroad, Vie a Sains etre apiree wit w+ ale stout. (ote apiiie, posttelapdral eerraten, . ‘ue oly Bowl taridade 34/40/86: 12 otayer 65. y af ths acalee oy the) eal, eapew idly iid near tho whi hue, PhOV hied with ofwal ection v Had, Cetoyt ther qoadt in Srent of the vostrils, the lie, ond Dew uit T Bot mf Sealy, the on vile wnliw lar ee, ere De isi Opa (tae om. tha lower ww me inteplorly. hint Firmen with 9 Inw' newly wheats eof (wine and aaal ath se nan hel bat mens tad nd tan ce @ ily neurty ty 1 tay: se Dorsal & Gn. wt 2), oxiging hy eves: Phe Lather bal? af tbs gparele; aidisniae "7 ey in tle: tharth inl jose | whi bh ied 23° ra din ‘Jenygth of this heowsel ‘bor i hitthe. Vin gor than th aejacm!t spine, tiene it” doneases ararlecathyy the ' 7 x sty, which ix a Treat Bore > “Wan ihe ponulticaate and 125 int the fourths: i Se eel A tte longer thon che apenkiny, wih tentiy pia riarm At Bae tayh Jongrs,. warealy ioayer Cimither Tonrth ’ al Dende: ' ts isi Lite Pere kt it fim “age arias whine ieee be pel sorly Ni th Anal ve i, wviginataye below the ah Al, ui agen nl high Pere Ay ae han tii ana ine dan ao eco ané nin sesh 2 bene Vithyrounded cattine, apchew mecersty, (he test, 6 iy the ae sooend , and , (om ar vir _ > ma e ; Ree ay: ‘ yw 4{ WO i AR ip ’ i 47 wy , JAD. Wt aii? ’ lipey!! ' ry : ' ait 08 a4 ty 1 ’ * tocunced cul tru bith WHR Ss Pout it Wh TED. What 7 final hy oe depth A, Dette dong, wii 4 et oe Eee at UNE aaa Anct pit } Ww ony ue) 2h mr val,, i ~*~ aha eb) care iy 4 " o } ha ete Deter, Wate oe eh he es) 4 eseli OF Wie Pere, lhe wete Kile ped). We Weethls A oe. tht, eye wgnh 4 Pie ; we uve (eee vilime of te etren | GAs tet t Zt hT US bat J bowiae ‘ b, iz) . al } Vy aVAy'Y Lf iat ; aa ia wey i] ° “4 : rs) i J ‘ ti am vit a, *) 1 i; ft Pear | ie wih Asap e ¢¢. iti aie yy ae ’ aye thy Ses BD 7 iM 2 400 CR ey, tha) ih) oy ee it dae buat, O Lun Whitt date dot Abia i } 4 et | . % \ ain : thie, r. ‘ ar onan ¢ Lit ed yy tin rr Hw ry ee) ee ee ital worl coal The | Prpetew ie Wills F : ; Ta 4} AS Mle Wii. She lav. : ee 3 Bind | by vn) A ypwhas ¢ “eer ‘ ’ ah fi Lahey heeeaiur ; ena ar ; x ‘ bi ul ya ¢ 4 \ ¥ 7 A i | i Eh Deg ee eye age as ican Gan Cho ty pe, WAS eee itl, t0, Wikis Bo Hiward Yo delieating i. ci Seee Wr ns Ma a a ry MiGs f Afar UOSEATEASTTNA: Te TIAC POP RT RCS WOT TRE Mentiaey, a M ZTijae dara Self te ed. amined gs Lien, Sad HN, Waive, Mp Gav, o*. OTE Re Ve | a tps faedlitd/ Ren Dein, Merther n Nap sitive Paty theply has ahaha leis! ah ed. Whe le ash ‘awit arched ‘Chiku the veotral, iw ates a ice Wapth, wis ‘all. , oe Ayr, A! ' j ; i} \ A f A AGeS ae ei, SOME NEW.OR LITTLE-KNOWN. AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 121 of the body and one fourth more than that of the head; least depth of caudal peduncle a little less than its length and 3-5 in the depth of the body. Upper profile of head and nape evenly rounded, with a scarcely perceptible emargina- tion above the posterior half of the eye. The occiput and nape moderately keeled; head a little longer than deep, 3-05 in the length of the body. Snout blunt, with gently rounded profile, its length 2-5 in that of the head; nostrils small and approximate, the posterior horizontally the anterior vertically oval, the latter valvular, its distance from the eye 2-5 in that from the tip of the snout. Eye moderate, its diameter 3-4 in the length of the head and 1-33 in that of the snout; interorbital region convex, its width a little less than the eye- diameter and 3-6 in the length of the head. Upper jaw slightly the longer; maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the eye, its length 3 in that of the head. Depth of preorbital 1-45 in the eye-diameter, which is 1-3 in the depth of the cheek. Angle of preopercle broadly rounded and feebly denticulate, the hinder limb more strongly, evenly, and closely armed, the lower entire; opercle with a short, stout, concealed spine; post-temporal serrated. Seale formula 14/22/26; 11. tubes 55. Many of the scales on the tail, especially those near the lateral line, provided with several squamule. Head, except the snout in front of the nostrils, the lips, and the mandibles scaly, the opercular scales largest; three pair of open pores on the lower jaw inferiorly. Spinous dorsal with a low scaly sheath; soft dorsal and anal with a broad basal scaly band and the rays scaly nearly to the tip. Dorsal fin xii 20, originating above the latter half of the opercle; spinous dorsal with rounded outline; spines moderate, the first 1-6 in the second and 2-3 in the fourth and longest, which is 2-25 in the length of the head and but httle longer than the adjacent spines; thence it decreases gradually to the last, which is a little shorter than the penultimate and 1-25 in the fourth: soft dorsal a little longer than the spinous, with gently rounded outline, the middle rays longest, scarcely longer than the fourth spime. Caudal emar- ginate, the middle rays 1-33 in the upper lobe, which is 3-85 in the body- length. Anal ii 7, originating below the eighth dorsal ray, the second spine stronger and slightly longer than the third, 2-45 in the length of the head and 1-4 in the second and longest ray, which considerably exceeds the height of the soft dorsal. Pectoral short and pointed, extending to below the penulti- mate dorsal spine, its length 1-5 in that of the head. Ventral pointed, longer than the pectoral, 1-33 in the length of the head; outer ray longest, reaching the vent. Gill-rakers short and stout, 12+20, the longest 4 in the eye-diameter, and about one third of the longest fringes. Vent five sevenths of an eye- diameter in advance of the anal fin. 122 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Silver-gray, darkest on the back and head, where there is a distinct admixture of blue; body with 16 irregular brown bands, the first pair forming the borders of an elongate ellipse between the occiput and the anterior dorsal spines; the next 9 bands cross the head at different angles, the 5th, 6th, and 7th passing through the eye; these bands unite on the occiput, forehead, and snout, are as wide or a little wider than the interspaces, and being roughly parallel to the first band and to one another, form ever-widening ellipses, the continuity of which is only broken by the increasingly greater obliquity of the bands from the front; beyond the 7th band, which meets the dorsal ridge below the 4th dorsal, the obliquity decreases; the last six bands originate on the body, the anterior pair meeting the soft dorsal, the middle pair uniting on the peduncular ridge, the last pair, which are horizontal, forked posteriorly, the inner branches coalescing on the base of the caudal, the outer pair curved and converging behind; the bands which impinge upon the soft dorsal extend over its scaly sheath, but with these two exceptions the fins are yellowish gray, as. also are the abdominal, thoracic, and mandibular regions. Etymology :—Latin: multus, many; vittatus, banded. Reg. No. in the Queensland Museum—I. 13/1506. Range:—Of this species three examples only are known to me—namely,. Macleay’s two, from which his description was drawn up, and which were col- lected for him by Spalding at Port Darwin, Northern Territory, and the present specimen from Darnley Island. It is true that Kent includes it in his. ‘“Classified List of Queensland Food Fishes’’ (Great Barrier Reef, p. 369), but this list is in every way so unsatisfactory that no reliance can be placed upon it. How acquired:—Presented to the Queensland Museum by Dr. J. R. Tosh. Remarks :—The differentiation of the banded Plectorhynchi is admittedly difficult, and is not rendered easier to the student, who has but a limited series. on which to work, by the knowledge, as demonstrated by Bleeker,’ that the number of the body-bands and the ornamentation of the fins varies with the age of the individual. Macleay considered his fish to be affine to Plectorhynchus: hematochir? and P. polytenia.2 The latter may at once be dismissed, but its relationship is very close to P. goldmani,t which was founded on an immature fish, the adult of which was subsequently named P. hematochir. Our species, 1 Atlas Ichth., viii, 1876, p. 14 et alibi. * Nat. Tidjs. Nederl. Ind., vi, 1854, p. 175: Ternate. * Tbid., iii, 1852, p. 755: Macassar. * Thid., iv, 1853, p. 602: Ternate (Goldmanni in errore; see ibid., vi, p. 175). ° Jordan & Seale (Fishes of Samoa, No. 672) revert to this name, but as I cannot find any mention of it prior to 1854 I adhere to the name adopted by Bleeker in the Atlas Ich- thyologique. i i PLATE XXX. Face page 123. QUEENSLAND FISHES. Nat. Size. 2 3 REGANICHTHYS MAGNIFICUS Ogilby. A. R. McCulloch, del. i ie aie ve ime ea weni ae staan Plarck-sonielys! iva er my ditto, ea hbabine's yt iasspuphns bouly, bintignv bite ate oli ; eT ae aud: Wwomer aides. Raat rig ‘y oe it tenn at Orage its ¢ biiy: Hee A) aM r ite j - a | Sacds eater Nat tv, atid nus’ ahs + lea’ ve a i- viny Spidun’. oP an a #8 shire any" seth of sisal on the hh: 7 a nd ae | > + fe 0 ee are PEPE. vines Te, . ibe ee 7 a | . | ; REGA™* it HT? \ a dd rit . \ y ‘ Bay rhocply Wait, COmoMeed. Secles miipleete, adlepett) cid? ; Lateral Wie eons heed ee) oth the ¢aweal hie. tylee soo, o cpee rr hae POrhian OF the okporad eds Oi. (hdsd ‘pliant whole Sal y “whith Mawel Anint: pull wirson peree ial, Meee terndun', prottact)\a, - rides Obligus vieft, tlic lower jéw yet oat aw, Vamer, nit gelatine: the paren linnila OF anisi! tots Noten. o aa ave in frwue of Wie aS per half of + they, yea x “ty inejte, wate isrdike, Math, Pre years entire, 3 ions npc moarly ad) tapercis Werth y Sion lot. (ines diatwal Sr, with Vil T4 ye a apings era ian, Tile Tepe “portion ye ‘euy Padi thas of the shal, adil ty? ne ie yartariea Vive Cro” OAMinet) Cand “ery oy nO, OG UL | nan ab, Uratened ¥a¥S, {he oater pond, Kina: wits 3 18 rate, a mailie to th" » dtibenal. Huttarals POtvee ys posit: With 1) tere, Vimiray vel evelyn’, ; Paci Dab Ah Nine OT Ait) feetorwlh olin together, wilh w athorbraplive ond: 4 Shield raya Ob opdings wide: eitl-nembraes mapageia, Pepe ert se » Hee weirs, eis niblike ves) gibraWrw-in otldeste greuhge) dong’ ol 4 ev 7 ne | se ia ARs! a Oka We have HHT ohrawen in uniting title thus soni After Me, Mal, oe Aah the Lectin Miveettin. of Nidhoraia lt! cory, whites tate: i) Ts Heh 5 BS invaliable Gr wrinldaee oe cals Hina i? neat ia wii ea iehtiye bones in pihaieel wervtnal reesu Manre Boh to a ‘Re LP imps himpdegris, i) ty, be sada) twit Seo | Wivhwaltlin (roos!sampbehitinye. - he dixtingoiehadly frosts oth by (ho, aiiet, avai, with) fame fhe oy eae, ay the hmyoia,, 8) foun er darnas, Aye me i pbgts, a =r) hth pet Mee ke ve : ee ae o nate rte ay “deat Le " Me Res ip nh yeh a Wk: Ly evi Fanaa onde Hat A be pes 4 MST han eae oe Ka | - ‘ - fy watt ‘ > my i P } ane. | ". ‘ Av F Py, " i, <- i oa . . ' care aa nie v 5 Nal " id wr i i K! leg : Te MM 2! 9 ied) ce f * =" : ‘ \ ’ ; . Tis Te hs - 4 “a hb ie sarat alae ne a & ee rode. ry ied td - : ' % ‘ ig A Wiveebha ny ; Ld t \ v a oan i=) Tikal? : Bil ald ‘ie Wh oath d Sane ave Wig LAT Lies ae ‘ ° ad ‘ s 7 tr al Lr AIt?) Aart ’ Ce” hale} : wi hal ’ cd i Pes ney ee eee ee SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 125 however, differs from Bleeker’s in its deeper body, longer head, more robust peduncle, and larger scales. The color-pattern of crescentic bands, all of which, except the last two, terminate on the dorsal ridge, is very distinct, nor is there any trace of spots on the fins. Famity PEMPHERIDA. REGANICHTHYS gen. nov. Body deeply ovate, compressed. Scales moderate, adherent, ctenoid, smooth. Lateral line continued well on the caudal fin, the tubes simple, oceupy- ing the basal portion of the exposed scale only. Head almost wholly scaly, with short blunt snout and narrow preorbital. Mouth terminal, protractile, with wide oblique cleft, the lower jaw prominent. Jaws, vomer, and palatines with narrow bands of small teeth. Nostrils contiguous, close in front of the upper half of the eye. Eyes very large, anteromedian, high. Preorbital entire; preopercle nearly so; opercle with a blunt point. One dorsal fin, with viii 14 rays, the spines graduated, the rayed portion longer than that of the anal; some of the anterior rays greatly produced. Caudal very large, emarginate, with 15 branched rays, the outer produced. Anal with iii 12 rays, similar to the dorsal. Pectorals obtusely pointed, with 16 rays. Ventrals well developed, inserted below the base of the pectorals, close together, with a strong spine and 5 branched rays. Gill-openings wide; gill-membranes separate, free from the isthmus; pseudobranchie large; gill-rakers in moderate number, long and slender. Etymology :—I have much pleasure in naming this fine genus after Mr. C. Tate Regan, B.A., of the British Museum of Natural History, whose taxe- nomic work has been invaluable to students of this class. Remarks :—Reganichthys bears a marked external resemblance both to a typical Pempheris and to the monodactyloid genus Schuettia (—Bramichthys), but is at once distinguishable from both by the short anal, while from the latter it is further separable by the ctenoid scales, few-rayed dorsal, and normally developed ventral. On the whole, therefore, I consider that its affinities are more with the Pempheridw than with the Monodactylidew and I have, therefore, placed it provisionally in the former family. REGANICHTHYS MAGNIFICUS sp. nov. (Plate XXX.) THREADFIN BULLSEYE. Type locality :—Thursday Island, Torres Strait. Dorsal and ventral contours evenly convex, the latter somewhat the deeper; surface of back in front of the dorsal fin transversely rounded; width of body 2-44 in its depth, which is 1-7 in its length and three fifths more than 124 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. the length of the head; caudal peduncle deeper than long, its least depth 5-6 in the length of the body. Anterior profile of head from the lip to above the middle of the eye linear and strongly acclivous, the upper profile gently rounded; width of head 1-65 in its length, which is 1-2 in its depth and 2-7 in the body-length. Snout 1-6 in the very large eye, which is 2-3 in the length of the head; interorbital region strongly convex, its width 3-8 in the length of the head. Maxillary extending to below the middle of the eye, its length 1-6 in that of the head, its distal extremity obtusely angular and greatly dilated, its width one third of its length and 2-1 in the eye-diameter. Angle of preopercle broadly rounded, armed with a few very feeble serrule. Seale formula 16/48/25. Head-scales much smaller than those of the bedy, decreasing in size anteriorly; only the extreme tip of the snout, the lips, and the chin naked. Dorsal fin with viii 14 rays, originating above the pectoral-base, the soft portion three fifths longer than the spinous; spines strong and pungent, the first very short, evenly graduated to the last, which is half the length of the head; 1st ray terminating in a simple filament, rather more than twice as long as the last spine; 2nd ray about one third longer than the 1st; 3rd ray very long, reaching far beyond the tip of the caudal and rather more than the body-length; 4th ray about half as long as the 3rd, those behind growing gradually shorter, the last being about 2-33 in the Ist. Middle caudal rays 1-8 in the outer divided rays and one third of the total length. Anal fin with ii 12 rays originating below the 4th dorsal ray and extending backwards well behind that fin, its length slightly more than that of the soft dorsal; spines strong and graduated, the last about as long as the 7th dorsal spine and 2-5 in the length of the head; rays graduated as in the soft dorsal, but much shorter, the 3rd 1-8 in the body-length. Pectoral with 16 rays, the upper two simple, its length 1-33 in that of the head; 4th and 5th rays longest, extending to below the anterior dorsal rays. Ventral spine rather weak, two thirds of the second and longest ray, which is 1-6 in the head and extends to the vent. Gill-rakers 10+-18, the longest 1-5 time the length of the gill-fringes and 4.9 in that of the head. Uniform reddish brown, the middle of the scales lighter; many of the scaies on the upper surface of the head lavender; cheeks and opercles lighter brown, with a yellowish tinge; a broad dark brown band from below the eye to the edge of the lower preopercular limb; a second narrower band from the parietal region to midway along the hinder limb of the preopercle; a third from the pectoral-base to the nape, along the side of which it is curved abruptly forward to meet its fellow narrowly on the nuchal arch. Fins lighter than the body, except the dorsal, caudal, and anal filaments, which are blackish. DN a SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 125: Etymology :—Latin, magnificus, magnificent. Reg. No. of type in the Queensland Museum—I. 14/1803. Measurements of type in millimeters :— From tip of snout to that of outer caudal rays .. 265 From tip of snout to that of middle caudal rays eo mmey ot From tip of snout to base of middle caudal rays .. pare A Widvn of body EM es ae = a speek icne) Depth of body ~ ie ee is x arene Length of head a a Ae we Ew warren Ass, Depth of caudal analy AS "re a aay Width of head apf ny f ss es i wn Reo thee Depth of head i * oe a a aed roa he Length of snout ae me oe Re ae > ees Diameter of eye mn be Ye ae wa Shay 2a Oe Width of interorbit 3 8 a2 nt Petes 5 5. Length of maxillary ee be a £ a gee hae Width of maxillary 2 Se a ae plat ia Length of spinous dorsal .. Ee ee ee i Length of soft dorsal ne ay ae fF Gay: 7 Last dorsal spine .. a a Ne! ~ oe ae Middle caudal rays .. oe ive ie ay ath. NEVE Outer caudal rays .. a Ae A ay aN Length of anal ma ~~ St: me a at MoE Last anal spine te a oe SS He +6 ee Length of pectoral .. Ae a5 AS re sais) SAE Length of ventral .. -. : Fe aT Range:—Coast of North Queensland (Thursday Island). How acquired:—Collected and donated by Captain Donald McDonald. Famity ELEOTRIDA. ASTERROPTERYX SEMIPUNCTATUS Riippell. Asterropteryx semipunctatus Riippell, Atlas Fisch. Roth. Meer., 1828, p. 138., pl. xxxiv, fig. 45 Giinther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., iii, 1861, p. 132; Kmer, Sitz. Akad. Wien, lviii, 1869, p- 329; Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1871, p. 484; Giinther, Fisch. d. Sudsee, Pt. 0, Stl, p» L87,. pl. exi,. fig, -D:; Eleotris cyanostigma Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., viii, 1855, p. 452; Playfair, Proc. Zool. Soe., 1867, p. 862; Bleeker, in Pollen & van Dam, Faun. Madagascar, pt. 4, 1875, Poiss., p. 103. Brachyeleotris cyanostigma Bleeker, Versl. Akad. Amsterdam (2) xi, 1877, p. 84. (Plate XXIX, Fig. 2.) Body short and stout, the dorsal contour evenly rounded and rather more arched than the ventral, its width 1-67 in its depth, which is about one 126 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. third of its length and one tenth more than the length of the head; caudal peduncle stout, a little longer than deep, its least depth 6-4 in the length of the body. Head with upper profile rounded and rather strongly acclivous anteriorly, the cheeks somewhat swollen, its width 1-31 in its depth, which is about equal to its length and 3-33 in the length of the body. Snout obtusely rounded, about one fourth of the length of the head and as long as the eye- diameter ; interorbital region narrow and flat, its width 1-64 in the eye-diameter. Mouth small, with strongly oblique cleft, not extendimg to the vertical from the eye; anterior nostril tubular. Preopercle with a few short stout spines at its rounded angle. Seales 2/24/6, large and ctenoid, of equal size throughout; cheeks, opercles, occiput, and lower surface of head behind the chin covered with large seales. Dorsal fin with vi, 110 rays; 2nd and 4th dorsal spines with a moderately developed, 3rd with a long filamentous appendage, the latter when depressed reaching to the end of the soft dorsal; soft dorsal higher than the spinous, the rays increasing in length from the front, the middle ones 1-55 in the length of the head, but not so high as the body below them, the last two produced in short filaments, extending well along the caudal fin. Caudal rounded, with none of the rays produced; the middle rays longest, 3-85 in the body-length. Anal with 1-9 rays, originating below the 2nd dorsal ray, similar to but shorter than the soft dorsal, and without filamentous tips to the last rays. Pectoral with 17 rays, the middle longest, one third of the body-length, extending when appressed to beyond the middle of the anal fin. Ventrals elongate and close together, the 4th ray longest, 1-1 in the length of the head and reaching to the 3rd anal ray. Anal papilla long and slender. Olive brown, clouded with darker brown, the markings forming irregular vertical bars, and with several series of small well separated pale blue spots. A broad dark bar from the antero-inferior angle of the orbit to behind the cleft of the mouth; a similar but more obscure bar along the hinder border of the preoperele, and a third rather better marked across the chin. Spinous dorsals like the back, but the tips of the first four spines and the filaments white; soft dorsal brown, shading to lilac marginally, except the two last rays, the tips of which are blackish; basally and mesially it has a series of translucent spots; eaudal lilac, with many similar spots and a basal dusky band; anal, ventral, and pectoral fins llac, the former with dusky tips to the rays. Etymology :—latin: semi, half; punctatus, spotted. Reg. No. in the Queensland Museum—I. 14/1737. Range:—From the Red Sea eastward through those of India and Malaysia to Northern Queensland and the South Sea Islands SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. ] Famity BLENNIIDA. BLENNIUS INTERMEDIUS sp. nov. bo bas | Type locality :—Darnley Island. Body moderately robust, its width 1-5 in its depth, which is 4-15 in its length and 1-3 in the length of the head; vent one sixth nearer to root of caudal than to extremity of snout; depth of caudal peduncle 3-25 in length of head. Head with its anterior profile linear and strongly declivous, its width 1-67, its depth 1-33 in its length, which is 3-15 in that of the body. Snout rounded, its length one third of that of the head; eye not encroaching on the dorsal profile, its diameter 1-14 in the length of the snout and 3-45 in that of the head; supraorbital ridges prominent; interorbital region narrow and concave, its width 3-2 in the eye-diameter. Nasal cirrus small and bifid; orbital cirrus short and ramose; about half an eye-diameter long; a low nuchal crest. Upper jaw slightly projecting; maxillary extending to below the anterior border of the pupil. Both jaws with strong curved canines. Lateral line distinct to about the tip of the pectoral; a few scattered pores at irregular intervals along the’middle of the tail. Dorsal fin with xii 16 rays, originating above the opercle, its border moderately cleft, the membrane of the last spine reaching about half way up the first ray; spinous portion of the fin somewhat lower than the soft, which is highest in its third quarter, about half the length of the head; membrane of last ray not connected with the caudal. Caudal fin rounded, with 12 principal rays, 7 of which are divided, its length 4-75 in that of the body. Anal with 1 18 to 20 rays, originating below the dorsal notch, the middle rays the longest, 2-85 in the length of the head; last ray with a moderate membrane. Pectoral obtusely cuneate, with 15 rays, the lower middle rays the longest, 1-33 in the length of the head; lower rays somewhat thickened. Ventral with 2 soft rays, the inner the longer, rather more than the head behind the eye. Pale greenish yellow, with 12 black spots arranged in pairs below and upon the base of the dorsal fin; sides with numerous black spots irregularly distributed, but giving a general impression, in conjunction with the dorsal series, of vertical rows of paired spots; a few smaller spots on the sides of the abdomen and an obscure series of five along the base of the anal. Head with a few spots on the opercles and branchiostegals, and a pair of angular bars across the lower surface; orbital cirrus black, tipped with white. A black spot between the two anterior dorsal spines and an obscure median series on the spinous portion; other fins immaculate. Etymology :—intermedius, ‘‘ that is between’’; Darnley Island, whence it comes, being roughly intermediate between Port Arthur, Tasmania and Misaki, Japan, the type localities respectively of B. tasmanius and B. yatebet. 128 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Range:—So far only known from Darnley Island, where two small speci- mens were collected and forwarded to the Queensland Museum by Dr. J. R. Tosh. Remarks:—Very closely allied to Blenmus yatebei Jordan & Snyder. Both these species can be at once distinguished from B. tasmanius by the forward position of the vent, which in the latter species is nearer to the root of the caudal than to the tip of the mandible. The length of the type is 46 millim., its register number in the Queensland Museum being I. 13/1450. Famity TETRAODONTIDA. SPHEROIDES MULTISTRIATUS (Richardson). Anchisomus multistriatus Richardson, Voy. Herald, 1854, p. 160, pl. xxix. Tetrodon multistriatus Ginther, Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., viii, 1870, p. 285. After Richardson. Type locality:—Southern Polynesia. Body robust, the back rounded and much narrower than the belly, its upper contour feebly emarginate between the occiput and the dorsal fin, its depth 3-4 in its length, equal to its width immediately behind the pectoral, and 1-33 in the length of the head. Free caudal peduncle as long as the snout and anteriorly as deep as wide, becoming more compressed behind, where its depth is subequal to the interocular width. Head large, its depth about one tenth more than its width and 1-25 in its length, which is a little less than the trunk and 2-55 in the length of the body ; occiput elevated, the osseous crest forming the highest point of the dorsal contour. Upper surface of snout linear and declivous, the mouth well below the level of the eye; anterior outline of chin somewhat receding, its depth 2-1 in the length of the snout; cheek very high, its depth, below the middle of the eye, but little less than the length of the snout. Eye small, not adnate to the lower lid, encroaching far upon the cephalic profile, its diameter 5-8 in the length of the head, 3-2 in that of the snout, and 2 in the interocular width, which is concave, with a low median longitudinal ridge. Nostrils pierced in a prominent papilla. Skin of abdomen rather coarsely striated; rest of body and head more finely so, except the lower half of the tail and the lips, which are smooth. Back with four regular series of rather small distant two-rooted spines, which con- verge on the occiput, on which anteriorly they are more crowded than elsewhere ; interorbital spines small and concealed; cheeks with two series of small widely separated spines and a small cluster in front of the gill-opening, the anterior border of which is protected by a row of much stronger spines; abdominal spines much more numerous and mostly concealed, arranged in about twenty regular series between the throat and the vent. Lateral line inconspicuous; sides with scarcely a trace of a lateral fold. SOME NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN AUSTRALIAN FISHES.—OGILBY. 129 Dorsal and anal fins subfalciform, the former with 10 rays, the 2nd longest, 1-75 in the length of the head, and 2-55 times the length of its base. Anal with 9 rays, originating more than an eye-diameter behind and not much smaller than the dorsal, its length 2-66 in its height, which is 2-15 in the length of the head. Caudal rounded, its length 3-7 in that of the body and as long as the space between the nostril and the pectoral-axil. Pectoral rounded, with 17 rays, the upper longest, 2-12 in the length of the head. Gill-opening wide, extending well above the pectoral, the base of which is 1-45 in its width; inner flap partially exposed. Vent behind the vertical from the last dorsal ray. Imperial purple above, yellowish white below. Upper surface of head and body with numerous very narrow parallel longitudinal violet limes as wide as the interspaces; on the sides of the head the bars are much wider and sub- vertical, with a graduated inclination backwards, and may be broken up into spots or anastomosant; above the gill-openings and pectoral fins the obliquity becomes much more marked, but decreases again on the upper half of the flank and tail; the postpectoral area is white with a series of large lavender spots, followed by a similar series of darker spots, beyond which the sides are covered with a network of lavender bands enclosing round or oval purple spots of irregular size. Fins pale olive-green, edged and tipped with darker. Etymology:—ULatin: multus, many; striatus, literally ‘‘furrowed,’’ but here used in the sense of “‘striped.’”’ Reg. No. in the Queensland Museum—lI. 13/1462. How acquired:—Presented to the Queensland Museum by Mr. F. H. Taylor. Range:—Originally described by Richardson from a specimen vaguely recorded as from ‘‘Southern Polynesia,’’ this toadfish does not again appear to have fallen into expert hands, until the example here described was forwarded during last September to the State Museum. 130 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. ICHTHYOQLOGICAL, NOTES |.(No.g2ZF By J. Doucras OGILBY. SELACHITI. ORECTOLOBID 2. 1n 1908 and 1909 two important papers dealing with the orectoloboid sharks appeared ?; in both of these I was under the impression that the impossi- bility of recognizing the family Hemiscyllude, or indeed the genus Hemascyllium, had been demonstrated beyond question. I was, therefore, somewhat astonished to find the family revived in 1913 in a paper entitled ‘‘The Hemiscyllid Sharks of the Philippine Archipelago.’’? But the ‘‘ Key to the Genera of Henuscyllude”’ therein defined is still more astounding, for | can not comprehend by what process of inductive reasoning the author divorces Parascyllium from its natural allies Ginglymostoma and Nebrius, and justifies its propmquity to Chiloscyluwm, the two genera being near the apices of the Orectolobidw. Furthermore Chiloscyllium ean not logically be separated from Stegostoma, of which it is the natural ally, even the extraordinary method of anchoring the egg-case, described and figured by Ogilby and McCulloch,* being common to the two genera. Perhaps Smith was misled by Prof. Garman’s key to the Orectolobide,* though that can not account for the jettisoning of Stegostoma. But to any student of these sharks the Professor’s key must appear hopelessly artificial, and wholly lacking in the simplicity which is the chief merit of Regan’s arrangement and, there- fore, of ours which was developed independently. And while I am on the subject I may state that I see no reason, indeed no explanation is attempted, for the substitution of Nebrodes® for Nebrius® in Garman’s Plagiostomia. Again, the characters on which Garman depends to validate his Nebrodes macrurus have long ago been shown to be unreliable in this family, and in fact our specimen,’ from Darnley Island, shows as many characters of the Mauritian macrurus as of the Red Sea concolor; his species, therefore, like his genus should sink into 1 Regan, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1908, pp. 347-364; Ogilby & McCulloch, Proce. Roy. Sac, N.S. Wales, xlii, 1909, pp. 264-299. * Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xlv, 1913, pp. 567-569. *Ibid., p. 289. *Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxxvi, 1913, p. 45. *Garman, ibid., p. 56. * Riippell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyss., Fisch., 1858, p. 62. “Mem. Queensl. Mus., ii, 1913, p. 90. ICHTHYOLOGICAL NOTES (No. 2).—OGILBY. 131 obscurity. Finally it was surely injudicious for Smith to have given to his new genus Cirrhoscyllium a name so closely resembling my Cirriscyllium of six years previously.*® CHILOSCYLLIUM TRISPECULARE (Richardson).* In two of the three recent papers above mentioned, which refer to this species, the locality is merely copied from Richardson without comment; yet strangely enough, prior to our Port Darwin, N.T., record,*® this shark had no claim whatever to a north-western habitat. Certainly Richardson gives the locality of his type as ‘‘Turtle Island, on the north-west coast of Australia.’’ Taking, however, into consideration the ambiguity which was inseparable from all allusions to Australian geography in those days, and the fact that Lieut. Bynoe, who surveyed the Gulf of Carpentaria, obtained Richardson’s second specimen ‘‘ on the same coast ’’ (as the first came from), I think we may fairly conclude that the Turtle Island referred to is the small island of that name, which les between Mornington Island and the mainland near Bynoe’s Inlet.** In any case this is not the only reference to the species on the Queensland Coast, since Giinther recorded it from Cape York as far back as 1867.” STEGOSTOMA TYGRINUM (Bonnaterre). In describing the egg-case of this species in our review of the family above quoted, we remark that ‘‘it is without apparent means of attachment.’”* Through the receipt of a fine example, collected by Dr. Hamlyn-Harris at Cape Bowling-green, and containing a fully developed embryo, I am able to state that the method employed is similar to that of Chiloscyllium punctatum™ ; that is to say—the case is bag-shaped, and the handle, after its deposition, is woven to it and round some support. SCYLIORHINIDAL. HALALURUS LABIOSUS (Waite).*® Bramble Cay, so often referred to in connection with this shark, is a small sandy islet 28 miles N. by E. from Darnley Island, and is under the jurisdiction of Queensland. 5 Ogilby, Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensl., xxi, 25 Aug. 1908, p. 4. ® Zool. Ereb. & Terr., ii, 1845, Ichth., p. 43, pl. xxviii. ” Ogilby & MeCulloch, ibid., p. 293. “uT am indebted to my colleague, Mr. Douglas Rannie, for a knowledge of this island, which is not mentioned in the ‘‘ Australia Directory’’ nor marked in any map. 2 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) xx, 1867, p. 67. 8 Wneye. Méth., Ichth., 1788, p. 8. * Ogilby & McCulloch, ibid., p. 299. © Miller & Henle, Plagiost., 1841, p. 18. 16 Ree. Austr. Mus., vi., pt. 2, 15 Sept. 1905, p. 57. 132 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. GALEID 2. RHIZOPRION gen. nov. Teeth in the jaws similar, oblique, with a smooth median cusp and serrated: outer base. (‘piZa, root; zpiwy, saw. ) Type:—Carcharias (Scoliodon) crendens Klanzinger.** This is the most common of all the smaller galeids on our coast, and has the right of inclusion in the New South Wales fauna, the ‘‘ Endeavour’’ having trawled a specimen off Cape Byron. It is very distinct from Scoliodon acutus,** in the synonymy of which Garman has placed it. CARCHARHINUS AMBLYRHYNCHOS (Bleeker).*® I have much pleasure in adding this rare shark to the Queensland fauna, Dr. Hamlyn-Harris having collected a specimen at Cape Bowling-green, N.Q. It is a young female and measures 605 millim. PRISTID At. PRISTIS MICRODON Latham.*° Two rostra from Moreton Bay in the Queensland Museum belong to this species as described by Garman.*' As far as these specimens are concerned it is. much to be regretted that we have to use Latham’s name, for they are without exception the most murderous weapons of the sort that I have yet seen; of exceptionally heavy build, and bearing enormously long, strong, and trenchant teeth, they are the very antithesis of the more slender and graceful rostrum of P. zysron.** These are the pair recorded by me** some time ago as P. zephyreus,** a species which Garman makes synonymous with P. microdon. RHINOBATID 2. RHINOBATUS ARMATUS Gray.°° ce 7 An examination of several specimens of the common ‘“‘ shovelnose shark of the Moreton Bay fishermen shows that the East Australian species is R. armatus Gray not R. granulatus Cuvier?® as has been supposed. The two * Sitz. Akad. Wien, lxxx, i, 1879, p. 426, with figure of teeth. * Ruppell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyss., Fisch., 1828, p. 65, pl. xviii, fig. 4. * Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., x, 1856, p. 467. * Trans. Linn. Soc., ii, 1794, p. 280, pl. xxvi, fig. 4. * Garman, ibid., p. 265. ” Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Neder]. Ind., ii, 1851, p. 442. * Ann. Queensl. Mus., No. 9, 1908, p. 4. * Jordan & Starks, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 1895, p. 383. * In Hardwicke, Ilustr. Ind. Zool., ii, 1834, pl. xeix. ** Régne Anim., ed. 2, ii, 1829, p. 396. i CS a es ey thd ikea bibles anil Ora: ros Liat orale ao) Sith wh tone vameiohlt ie as ie itl my wae Rane eles wenn ff a ee nN sat ios . i hem heer ane ah Pai: hav fel Wh ie » Sits ‘(al ecakan r it ‘aves et Me phweew, bi hwetedten Motsat’ i ae Ay hae whe att Ry: Hgrapelert EOF Sy aan RY Fob hw mae in Ae: AbEd He sae icf ales ty ony ‘he Ji shidivrer tog aol A. ato Te oe shh sit om wail a bam phen t i iy f MD iin | 1308 +h yn yy rai ie i POP MAE, 80 lp a a Mi My | : ‘soe fois om rap "AY i Pave iinreowls myn it? ey in ae be fi rh hw &: ee Gerey b ftaps,’ HH Ady wr lieta: MY ehetedehiow jhe PED epee jingudiel sie amd’ : eit, B hit b an # aus Te ae sng 'y en Mar’) dacebirigiaih nus "Bieber nan’ rn Diente, 2 wai juke Cais ay ae tithe cei YA ra aa i. - Mepis Tou, She. aoptinatios i Phy wit Tely) + we stl PSs, omit thar” ie Shot nflowld, chien teavey, ». gi tie ACOY MoGp, I eR ey a Niowtee ne cs a? | cr yt halts Serv ltt, La Bie divy, ye | eet RAROMD TED A hs EVR COR (ahve rela} Nae (i Sion bids thy Wisden eoraiaal thw Pet tee ab ae Mhgte peas ion, abdek roe Othe? o}ieied te C, is ures 1} Falvar aang fa hie Hanttt any Up Tie, ha, Vie belive Ong, he Tt Oy Tepe i a DMirrny it vi ver evatoir Arie Sev the: Wratabiy ited Wey para 7 frcha Kero ied thine: Oeutral 4 i yg porns from eho ‘MeThoninett! Rau ae Heli gt Shed Hhtie liytiog RaMeNR Nueces etsy) ean ‘Teae, P gubibiehy i whe: or ete sh Ni tating avup eg, hare en i si ta Vale that. icukeladn i» Viossh sd vhataaele mie a Paton Tt Sapertno te at, Yann the ‘aiity ' biaia b f Serer praake i gaat ai hel a Rt on i A HoT Eo in me Jets , ¥ RE ai, " ‘ F f e hs a = a9 x ny 4! : : ’ rns! r we } Pi ‘» : i py L ! ; ta tof ; ‘a ii ‘ trem % 4 v« oh Lire a han) ’ Snel von betty. Bed), F ha Grater us, “pak be “Se. a shed “ Scppilialy ® Hie cm i" ist i ‘ca Pheu, ade, 4A Se, ie TW yttion avis - ‘ ri > u ro, bad | * i ' : ein! >) fal Pa oUe Poy i) UT oe el ICHTHYOLOGICAL NOTES (No. 2).—OGILBY. 133 species may be easily distinguished by the width of the internarial region, which in armatus is less than half the length of the nostril, in granulatus about two thirds of the same. RAJID AB. I can not agree with Prof. Garman in his identification of the Australian Skates. He places R. australis Macleay*’ in the synonymy of Rk. lemprieri Richardson,” and R. scabra Ogilby*® in that of R. nasuta Solander.*° In my opinion both R. australis and R. scabra are valid species, while R. lemprieri is hardly separable from R. nasuta. ISOSPONDYLI. ELOPID Ai. Some years ago Mr. Tate Regan published ‘‘A Revision of the Fishes of the Genus Elops,’’*' in which he describes as new two species EZ. hawaiensis and E. australis. From an examination of the specimens in the Queensland and Amateur Fishermen’s Museums, I am convinced that the characters on which Regan depends for the separation of the two forms are unstable, and that E. australis should, therefore, be reduced to a synonym of EF. hawaiensis. Typical examples of both forms occur in Moreton Bay. DOROSOMATID &. DOROSOMA COME (Richardson). About 1845 Richardson described the ‘‘ Perth Herring’’ of the Swan River as Chatoessus come,** which name Giinther altered to C. erebi** in 1868; Castelnau added C. richardsonii** in 1873, in the belief that the ‘‘ Bony Bream”’ of the Murray River System differed from the western fish; not content with this Zietz described the Central Australian form from the McDonnell Ranges as C. horni.? None of these three later names have any standing. True, Russell in 1803%° published a figure of an Indian species over the Hindustani name “‘Kome’’; true also that Richardson mistook his West Australian fish for Russell’s, but I fail to understand how that vitiates the validity of Richardson’s * Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, viu, pt. 4, 21 Feb. 1884, p. 461. ** Zool. Erebus & Terror, ii, 1845, p. 34, pl. xxiii. * Catal. Paleich. Fish. Aust. Mus., 1888, p. 17. °° Solander MSS., in Miller and Henle, Plagiost., 1841, p. 150. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) iii, Jan. 1909, pp. 37-40. * Zool. Erebus & Terror, 11, 1845, Ichth., p. 62, pl. xxxviii, figs. 7-10. * Brit. Mus. Catal. Fish., vii, 1868, p. 407. * Proce. Zool. Soe. Vie., u, 1873, p. 144. * Rep. Horn Exped., ii, 1896, p. 180, pl. xvi, fig. 6. * Wish. Vizagapatam, 11, 1803, p. 76, pl. exvi (as Clupea thrissa Linnzus). 134 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. name, then for the first time published as a correctly presented specific name; I, therefore, restore it to its proper place. This species, known throughout Queensland and along the entire watershed of the Darling as the ‘* bony bream,’’ appears to be generally distributed through the fresh waters of Australia, with the exception of the Middle and Southern cismontane Districts of New South Wales and Victoria, even ranging as far north as the fresh waters of the Carpentaria hinterland, whence the Queensland Museum has lately received a specimen from the Norman River. Our marine species is, however, D. nasus (Bloch) .?7 I am unable to recognise HKonosirus Jordan & Snyder*® as a genus distinct from Dorosoma.*® CLUPEIDA. DUSSUMIERIA HASSELTII Bleeker. *° The Queensland Museum possesses two examples of this fish, collected many years ago at Cape York by Mr. Kendal Broadbent. This is the first Australian record of the species. PERCOIDEI. CHEILODIPTERID 4. GLOSSAMIA APRION (Richardson).*? Through the kindness of Dr. Chas. J. Taylor of Normanton the Queens- land Museum has lately acquired a fine example of this fish from the fresh water of the Norman River. The specimen, a male of 178 millim., has the mouth crammed with ova in a very forward state, thus adding another to the long list of cheilodipterids, which employ this method of hatching out their young. The only previous knowledge I have of this fish is Richardson’s description of the type from Port Essington, N.T. It is, therefore, an addition to the Queensland fauna. CARANGID 2. An examination of the type of Caranz auwriga de Vis* shows it to be a typical Citula oblonga® Though the correction was never published this was, I imagine, recognized by Mr. de Vis, as the bottle which held the type also contained two examples of C. oblonga, correctly labeled in his own handwriting. Four years ago Seale described a Philippine species as Caranx auriga,** and as that name can not of course stand, I propose Citula virga as a substitute name for that species. * Clupea nasus Bloch, Ausl. Fisch., xii, 1797, p. 117, pl. cecexxix. % Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, 1900, p. 349. * Rafinesque, Ichth. Ohiens., 1820, p. 39. *° Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., i, 1851, p. 422. 4 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (1) ix, 1842, p. 16. ” Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, ix, 1884, p. 539. “Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 1833, p. 128. “ Philippine Journ. Sci., iv, 1910, p. 505. ICHTHYOLOGICAL NOTES (No. 2).—OGILBY. 135 SCARIDZ. CALLYODON CYANOTZENIA (Bleeker).*° There are three examples of ‘this beautiful fish in the Queensland Museum collected by Dr. J. R. Tosh at Southport, S.Q. The species having been first described from Java, and not since recorded from elsewhere, this too is an Australian addition. ACANTHURID As. ACANTHURUS UNICORNIS (Forskal).*° Hitherto the most southerly locality from which this fish has been recorded on our coast is Dunk Island, N.Q., whence the Queensland Museum received a fine example some years ago through the kindness of Mr. E. J. Banfield. During last May, however, Mr. A. Davis, of the Brisbane Fish Market, notified the Museum of the capture of a pair in a mullet net at Cape Moreton, 8.Q., one of which was with his usual liberality presented to the Museum, thus adding about 800 miles to the southerly range of the species.. From Raine Island, an outlier of the Barrier Reef, lying a little north of the latitude of Cape Grenville, we also received a large example, along with which was the first Australian example of A. tuberosus.** ZEBRASOMA HYPSELOPTERUM (Bleeker). ** From Raine Island also came two magnificent specimens of this rare fish, which was originally described from Flores, but does not appear’ to have been recorded since, so that it is also an addition to the Australian fauna. For these and the Acanthuri mentioned above we are indebted to the kindness of the Wanetta Pearling Co. BLENNIOIDEI. BLENNIID Ai. ALTICUS GRISEUS (de Vis).‘® ALTICUS PAUPER (de Vis).°° ALTICUS SUBLINEATUS (de Vis).°? I have examined the types of these three species and, though they are in very bad condition, I have little hesitation in pronouncing them valid. * Pseudoscarus cyanotenia Bleeker, Versl. Akad. Amst., xii, 1861, p. 233. Deser. Anim., 1775, p. 63. *“ Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, 1802, p. 111, pl. vii, fig. 3. * Nat. Tijds. Nederl. Ind., vi, 1854, p. 327. “ Salarias griseus de Vis, Proc. Linn, Soc. N. 8. Wales, viii, pt. 4, 21 Feb. 1884, p. 450. * Salarias pauper de Vis, ibid., ix, pt. 3, 29 Nov. 1884, p. 695. Salarias sublineatus de Vis, ibid. 136 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. CLINIDA. TRIPTERYGION ANNULATUM Ramsay & Ogilby.** The Amateur Fishermen’s Association of Queensland possesses a fine example of this beautiful little fish. It was obtained in Moreton Bay, and measures 42 millim. The characters separating Enneapterygius Riippell’? from Tripterygion Risso** do not appear to me to be worthy of generic recognition. ® Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, xii, 1888, p. 1021. 53 Neue Wirbelth. Abyss., Fisch., 1838, p. 2. 54 Bur. Merid., iii, 1826, p. 241. GENUS MEGACHILE AND SOME RARE INSECTS.—HACKER. 137 NOTES ON THE GENUS MEGACHILE AND SONWE RAREAINSECTS COLEECTED DURING 1913-14. By Henry Hacker, F.E.S. THERE are at present ninety-eight species of Megachile described from Australia, of which number thirty-nine oceur in Queensland. I have taken the following species, mostly in the vicinity of Brisbane, during the last two seasons. 1. M. ustulata, Sm.—Females, Brisbane, December, January. This species takes possession of crannies and holes in timber, which they line with a resinous substance. On 8th January several WM. ustulata were noticed entering crevices (unfortunately in an awkward place for observation) under the veranda of my house. Several bees which were about to enter these crevices were captured and were all found to be carrying masses of a resinous substance in their man- dibles. Even while the bees were flying, the load in their mandibles, which had a white wool-like appearance, could be distinetly seen. With some difficulty a nest was dug out, in fragments, and was seen to consist of a single cell composed of resin which was quite soft in the centre but hard and brittle on the outside. This cell contained a larva about half-grown. 2. M. mystacea, Fab—Males, females, Brisbane, November, January, February, March. This species has similar habits to the previous one in making resinous cells. The examples bred at the Museum had appropriated an old empty nest of Sceliphron letum. The clay cells of the wasp had been lined with resin and the old exit-holes had been neatly sealed up with the same material. The adult bees emerged singly from each cell on 27th November. 3. M. rhodura, Ckll.— Although the nest of this bee was not found, the insect is suspected of similar nesting habits to W. ustulata and M. mystacea. On 3rd December a number were seen visiting a Eucalyptus tree from which the resin had oozed and formed several hard patches on the trunk. The bees were fairly numerous on these patches, where they would remain for several minutes at atime. They were rather shy, and would not allow one to approach within two yards of them. At that distance one could distinctly see them moving their heads, and they appeared to be rasping the patch of resin with their mandibles. As both sexes were captured on these resin-patches, it would seem that in this species the male assists the female in constructing their cells. 138 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 4, M. hackeri, Ckll—Males, females, Kelvin Grove, September, Novem- ber, January, March; Sunnybank, September; Bribie Island, November. Two males and three females of this species were bred from an old clay nest of Abispa, which was obtained at Darra on 17th June. The bees emerged on 23rd December. This species also belongs to the ‘* resin-workers,’’ the cavities in the clay nest being lined and the entrance holes filled with resin in a similar manner to M. derelicta, but m these nests the resin is of a deep red colour and must be obtained from a different source. 5. M. rhodogastra, Ckll—Males, females, Brisbane, Acclimatisation Gardens, November, February ; also a variety of male from same locality, Decem- ber. This species was bred from a nest found inside an iron pipe. The nest was of the usual elongate shape, made of pieces of leaves, from which five males and four females emerged. I should like to mention that in fresh specimens of males the colour is deeper than as stated in Professor Cockerell’s description, the hair on the sides and apex of the abdomen being orange, while the hair on the face is pale golden. 6. M. chrysopyga, Sm—Males, females, Brisbane, September, October, March, April. On flowers of Daviesia ulicina. A nest of this species was found at Kelvin Grove under some loose bark on a log. The cells were made of pieces of leaves, and the nest was of the usual cigar shape. Seven bees emerged in October. A curious fact which is brought to light by the preceding notes is that all the four species which have been found to construct resinous nests have parallel- sided abdomens, while the two leaf-cutting species which were bred have shovel- shaped ones. This may be only a coincidence, but should the analogy between the form and habits of these bees remain constant, which can only be ascertained by breeding a larger number of species, it might be possible to divide this very large genus into two divisions according to the material which they utilise for nesting purposes. 7. M. pictiventris, Sm —Brisbane, February; on flowers of Duranta. This species has a curious habit, when disturbed, of dropping from the flower perpendicularly for eighteen inches or two feet before taking wing. It was owing to the loss of several specimens through making a horizontal instead of an upward sweep with the net, that I became aware of this peculiarity. A number of wasps belonging to the family Thynnidw have a similar habit of dropping before taking wing. 8. M. austeni, Ckll—Stradbroke Island, December ; both sexes on flowers of Ipoma@a. The female, which differs in appearance from the male, has not previously been described. Female: Length about 15 mm.; expanse of wings about 22 mm. Face clothed with white hairs mixed with black, giving it a ereyish appearance ; cheeks, prothorax, and sides of median segment grey ; vertex, GENUS MEGACHILE AND SOME RARE INSECTS.—HACKER. 139 mesothorax, and scutellum with black hair; there is a small patch of white hair on each side at base of tegule. Antenne black, short; scape about one third the length of flagellum. Anterior wings with apical half pale brown as in male, but the first recurrent nervure enters second submarginal cell nearer to the first transverso-cubital nervure than in the male. Legs black, stout, clothed with black hair; posterior legs very long and stout; hind tibie and first joint of tarsi densely clothed with black hair on inner side; hind spurs black. Abdomen black, elongate, parallel-sided, with a thin white fringe at apex of each segment, widest at sides; thick black hair at sides and apex of abdomen; ventral scopa black. The female differs from the male in its larger size, darker clothing, pesition of first recurrent nervure, and the long posterior legs, which are larger in proportion to the size of the insect than in any other Megachile with which Iam acquainted. Described from four females. 9. M. suffusipennis, Ckll.—Males, females, Brisbane, September, October, December, January; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. The male, which has not been previously described, is smaller than the female. Its length is 11 mm. The chief difference between the sexes is that in the male the face is densely clothed with long golden hair; which on the clypeus is directed downwards, on the front, upwards; while on the facial fovez it is directed outwards towards the eyes. Other markings and colours are exactly as in the female. Antenne black, a little longer than in the female. 10. M. macularis, D.T.—Males, females, Brisbane, November, January, March; on flowers of Bursaria spinosa. 11. M. abdominalis, Sm.—Males, females, Sunnybank, September, Cetober; on flowers of Jacksonia scoparia. 12. M. ferox, Sm.—Males, Brisbane, September, October; on flowers of Paviesia ulicina. 13. M. heliophila, Ckll—Males, Sunnybank, September; Kelvin Grove, September; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. 14. M. quinquelineata, Ckll—Females, Kelvin Grove, October, Novem- ber, February, March; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. 15. M. simplex, Sm.—Males, females, Kelvin Grove and Sunnybank, September, October, November; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. It will be noticed that a large number of species were taken at flowers of Daviesia ulicina. This plant is a great resort for bees in this district belonging te the genus Megachile, as it flowers more or less all the summer. I have noticed that they occasionally leave it for some of the Eucalypts, but usually return when the Eucalpytus flowers are over. 16. M. serricauda, Ckll—Males, Brisbane, Februery; on flowers of Mesembryanthemum. 140 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 17. M. recisa, Ckll—Males, females, Brisbane, September, October; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. 18. M. derelicta, Ckll—Males, females, Kelvin Grove, September, October, December ; on flowers of Daviesia ulicina. It will be seen by the dates of capture of some of the commoner species that there is a spring and an autumn brood. I am of opinion that when further data is available it will be found that every species, even the largest, is double- brooded; the long summers which we enjoy here making this easily possible. 2 » er * od ae % ae a 3 Orpver HYMENOPTERA, Famity MASARID ZA. Puragia hirsuta, Meade-Waldo.—A male of this rare insect was taken at Sunnybank, near Brisbane, on 14th November. This is the second recorded example, the type, also a male, being taken by F. P. Dodd at Cairns, North Queensland. Unfortunately I did not recognise the prize when it was captured, or I would have noted the circumstances with a view to getting more. A large number of Odynerus and Alastor were being taken at the time, and the Paragia was bottled under the erroneous impression that it was an Odynerus. Nothing appears to be known about the life-history of Paragia hirsuta, but the fact that it was captured along with the two species mentioned suggests that it is in some way associated, perhaps as a parasite, with them. The capture of this insect in this locality is extremely gratifying in consideration of the facts stated by the describer of the species: :—‘‘ The rarity of these insects is shown by the fact that such diligent collectors as Mr. R. E. Turner and his brother the late Gilbert Turner only collected one specimen during a twenty years’ residence in North Queensland, while Dr. Perkins, to whom the Museum is indebted for the species deseribed below, has only received three specimens from Mr. F. P. Dodd at long intervals.’’ Famity MEGALYRID. Megalyra minuta, Froggatt—A female was taken at Sunnybank, near Brisbane, on 19th November. It was found at rest on the trunk of a large Euea- lyptus tree. The head has not previously been described, as it was missing in the type specimen. It is globular, wider than the thorax, and connected with the thorax by a distinct neck; black, shining, covered with coarse but shallow punctures, and with scattered black hairs, longest on the vertex ; eyes prominent, oval; face from just above insertion of antennz to mandibles abruptly truncate; antenne 14-jointed, basal joints bright ferruginous, gradually getting darker, apical joints black, basal joint swollen, glabrous, second joint about half the length of third, the third and following joints of equal length, and covered with a fine pubescence, mandibles ferruginous. *Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 747, 1911. nye): Pine, we! as 7 vw i j ro 7 Lae - mA mils, ne ie ‘ | * am PY x 7 - t ? fi ™ Al | abe - J 5 a ‘ 7 PAM: & 40" mothe vi Ven us paths phe, Vicdarhs Onin Oi" Hey) PRA eae BMMTE. | Origetoma gurzeyi, Broeusit-- A turkey, Unoe? pyiektla yiatte i L by pis. Troughs Perey. at ibe Mewiur; “fen, af din, reolilonen tn ¢ Hill Brisa They ale reet unl lated helot) aut are altrvctall , nt. The date of aapiury extended fram Dejan rr te Marek. Larne aM, g a a Hilrteia Were obtiamed | Ne jane WOM Aco omell) May, sehen | ’ ihe dapiirdi. They were ab of dow Fin, appreeditiy tials: (Mis ia “a pacer Of thy Soy renee of Choolome anewene ip Qadtnshad, ary * : CONE f | 4) Coe ee Owiee NeUUONTRRA, | a HOF daca iHidgi, Miiprett A. peptoe Yeeelg of this “spadicg WAKA a ake ah Tnlwerineg Miaatam Oy Bethy Dossston Te wes abliteted ky. the | i } Ht of x ara lay the sem while C wae ty One ig, 15" rh ‘yanks fe Mee ms \ bie | DAS an indicatife of to yerie’ of} Foe, the wether io des rth ; nee | jm trdehwasd in Me OO Ply Tar vite Sut yl nee Of Oly Sasso 9d, ’ But. T have aloes rood 2 @ontd tan Mr. lipiia, ho infetind Tae ph vere (alee tye do a lithe amp in cihe evewiaw, dnd thar at tee loud es nt forte gyrate eollectiag bo Reythiewn Qurehaiind b am Hever nite *, 0 ie ¥ NOW 408, Gee kent: Aa A a Oe s mS iy ce? LW . iy’ seeortnnes cei ae ae ah ce ie aoe : a ra Havel iv eh i et mn | haat eh wie ye ss vi) hee \; bis ay gectin, | vi 7. weet fAaoondda “ee? a ik ih, \ ti ao) if WER Oo ey Puri q aba thy ( : Tit als mith’ if aia j eval fine Fels vere Hila ypc ster r els 4 ta by: f miei a CAPER & al ui 155.8 got Tracer itu, irae Vik 4, oye > wns kD col , hi ag at, Te, See's ie — ds ‘set Ripe yi ch Pree ayy rind ihe wits nti ar iJ *t A '" 7 AR eer. Thal Pape ered ni, hi! ar 4 a mm ‘di a ich 14M i" or wy re 1, rN Py ets ‘ve i hal | a) Nea Se a é ‘ \ 1 Se pborgi he va iy of * yi tpl a Hh ae TF an OF opiate vi v.) ee) vi tk: we a t sani ae, a ’ Mt.4 TT teh afl @ ae % Wor Sole ab CMe OM Tears Foewty. acl wal wy i Wide Rhian eed bl wk, hu i eis we r Hadi? Mop a aah ee, Yee \ pty msc Gio : ight f Pe URAL Ole, ArH wlloa, viibroias, we von ja i” ivy velge je ve Ie ae tied Ly rn... Ts AM, biti pi pe Re va) ba, iu ee Oe coe Cd iatiegs ileal aN a my GENUS MEGACHILE AND SOME RARE INSECTS.—HACKER. 141. This is the first capture in Queensland of M. minuta, the habitat of the type specimen being given as Melbourne, Victoria. OrverR ORTHOPTERA, Famiry EMBIID. Oligotoma gurneyi, Froggatt—A series of these remarkable insects was: obtained by Mr. J. Douglas Ogilby, of the Museum staff, at his residence in. Spring Hill, Brisbane. They are nocturnal in their habits, and are attracted by light. The dates of capture extended from December to March, during which time thirteen were obtained. No more were seen until May, when another was captured. They were all of one sex, apparently males. This is the first record of the occurrence of Oligotoma gurneyi in Queensland. OrpER NEUROPTERA. Psychopsis illidgi, Froggatt—A perfect female of this species was: captured at Tambourine Mountain on 29th December. It was attracted by the light of my lamp in the scrub while I was examining the tree trunks for Coleop- tera. As an indication of the rarity of this insect, the author in describing it states? :—‘‘ I am indebted to Mr. C. French for the first specimen of this beautiful insect. But I have since received a second from Mr. Ilidge, who informs me that both were taken flying to a lighted lamp in the evening; and that in the course of forty years’ collecting in Southern Queensland he had never taken it before.’”’ * Pro. Linn. Soe. N.S.W., p. 456, 1903. 142 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA—I. SECOND SUPPLEMENT.! . By A. A. GIRAULT. MAGNIFICATION as in previous descriptions. Famity TRICHOGRAMMATIDA. CHAITOSTRICHINI. GENUS NEOBRACHISTA Girault. There are two funicle joints, the first transverse but wider than the ring-joints. The scape of the male is dilated ventrad, sometimes enormously. 1. NEOBRACHISTA TRIFASCIATA new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Like novifasciata Girault but besides the three black stripes across the abdomen, there is a spot on each side of meson just caudad of the first stripe and a smaller spot on each side of meson farther caudad and more laterad; the second and third cross-stripes are very broad, the second not interrupted at the meson; the scutum is without the median suleus which is present on the scutellum only; the scape is distinctly more compressed. Compared with the type of novifasciata. Male :—not known. Deseribed from one female captured by sweeping in the jungle, January 15, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2419, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide. 2. NEOBRACHISTA FASCIATA NIGRIVENTRIS Girault. The male of this variety is probably that originally described with fasciata, the abdomen black. The scape is distinctly dilated ventrad, uniformly for its entire length. The male has been re-examined. 3. NEOBRACHISTA FASCIATA Girault. The male of this species is probably represented by a specimen caught April 4, 1914 at Gordonvale, Queensland, by sweeping grass in forest. It agrees in coloration as far as [ could see and in structure except that the scape is enormously dilated ventrad, very much more so than in the male mentioned above, the rectangular, flat scape only somewhat longer than wide. Seutellum with a median groove, the scutum simple. 4. NEOBRACHISTA INCOMPERTA new species. Neobrachista fasciata Girault, partim. Female :—Colored like novifasciata, the abdomen with three distinct black eross-stripes, one proximad, two distad but the second stripe is complete, not distinctly interrupted at the 1 See Memoirs Queensland Museum, IJ, pp. 101 to 106. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I.—GIRAULT. 143 meson. Also the marginal vein is not distinctly longer than wide, only slightly so, Thorax not seen nor hind wings. Habitat: Cooktown, Queensland. Jungle. Type: No. Hy 2420, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one Pale on a slide in fragments. 5. NEOBRACHISTA NOVIFASCIATA new species. Antea,, first supplement, p. 101. Length, 1 mm. Second stripe of abdomen a littie distad of middle, the first a little out from base. Funicle 1 not quite half the length of 2 (in the genotype only a fourth the length). June. Type on a slide. GENUS NEOBRACHISTELLA Girault. 1. NEOBRACHISTELLA MAXIMA Girault. One female, sweeping grass in forest, Gordonvale (Cairns), Queenslana, April 10, 1914. Wholly black, the vertex orange yellow, the thorax scaly reticulate, the so-called third ring- joint is twice the size of the others (as regards width) nearly but somewhat longer. Scape short. Mandibles tridentate. The median groove of thorax is confirmed. GENUS CENTROBIELLA Girault. 1. CENTROBIELLA MAGNA Girault. One male, forest, Gordonvale, Queensland, April 12, 1914. The antenne and legs are dusky black; the curved line of cilia back from the stigmal vein includes about six sete. Fore wings with about seventeen lines of regular discal cilia, the caudal wings with a pair of conspicuous lines cephalad and a very faint line caudad. Also one female, the same place, May 4, 1914, by sweeping in the forest. It agrees with the male. The ovipositor is extruded for half the length of ‘the abdomen. Caudal wings with three lines of discal cilia, the third faint. Thorax densely scaly-shagreened. Pedicel and club dusky black. In this genus, apparently, the funicle is 2-jointed as in Neobrachistella, that is, the first joint very short and more or less hidden. Genus OLIGOSITA Haliday. 1. OLIGOSITA SCURRA new species. Female :—Length, 0.70 mm. Differs from americana in having the funicle joint distinctly longer than wide, the body golden yellow, immaculate but the distal two club joints black; the discal cilia visible (low power) only near apex. Funicle joint distinctly longer than club 1 which is not much longer than wide, the middle elub joint nearly twice its (the first’s) length, longest of the flagellum, the third joint a little shorter than the second. Pedicel a little shorter than the funicle. Fore wings a little wider than their longest marginal cilia. Differs from sacra in having the funicle longer than the proximal club joint, the proximal tarsal joints long and the club blackish on more than the distal half. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in forest, September 16, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2421, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above on a slide. 2. OLIGOSITA AMERICANA AUSTRALIS new variety. Oligosita americana Girault, antea, I, pp. 76, 86. Differs from americana in haying the proximal tarsal joint longer and more slender, the 144 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. pedicel long and slender, distinctly longer than wide and not cupshaped and the funicle joint. somewhat longer. Habitat: Brisbane and Roma, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2423, Queensland Museum, one of the Roma females on a slide; the second one was typical. 8. OLIGOSITA INERMICLAVA new species. Female :—Length, 0.85 mm. Differs from poincarei in that there are five cross-stripes cf dusky on the abdomen, the first faint, the antennal club is without a prominent terminal spine, the pedicel is elongate, nearly twice the length of the funicle joint, the scutum bears a long, spindle-shaped dusky marking on each side of meson and the fore wings are hyaline, their marginal cilia somewhat shorter. From brevicilia differs in having the abdominal stripes complete, the scutum yellow. except for ihe spindle-shaped markings, the funicle joint somewhat longer than wide, not distinctly wider than long, the hyaline wings and the more regular alignment of the discal ciliation of the fore wing; also the longer ovipositor which is inserted at about middle of abdomen. Sides of thorax black. Caudal wings very narrow. Stigmal spot small, distinct. Distal club joint longest, distinctly longer than the funicle which is somewhat longer than wide, somewhat longer than club 1. Venter of abdomen on each side of ovipositor to margins, black. Antenne dusky, the legs pallid dusky. Compared with types of poincarei and brevicilia. Described from one female taken in forest, May 18, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2423, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 4. OLIGOSITA PULLICORPUS new species. Female :—Length, 0.45 mm. Exactly similar to pulchra but the whole body dusky black, the legs and antenne dusky pallid, the hind femur dusky, the pedicel rather long. The discal cilia of the fore wing appear to be sparser than in pulchra, only a line or two being made out (high power). Mandibles- bidentate. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in forest, June 30, 1912. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2424, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 5. OLIGOSITA BREVICILIA new species. Female :—Length, 0.70 mm. Pale golden yellow and in my table of Australian species running to aurea but bing. abdomen bears four dusky cross-stripes, the fourth complete, the other three represented by three pairs of transverse marginal spots. Vertex, sides of propodeum, scutum except lateral margins and the median line distinctly, scutellum except median line distinctly, dusky black. Wings uniformly, distinctly yet lightly dusky. Caudal legs and cephalic femur dusky. Antennz wholly dusky. Longest marginal cilia of fore wing somewhat less than half the greatest width of those wings. Further differs from aurea in having distinctly wider fore wings, in haying the funicle joint distinctly wider than long, much shorter marginal cilia on fore wing and the much shorter ovipositor which is inserted at distal fourth. Fore wings with about a dozen lines of distinct discal cilia. Differs from pullicorpus in the broader wings, shorter marginal cilia, uniformly infuscated fore wing, shorter ovipositor and so forth, and in lacking a terminal spine on club (which is long and distinct in pullicorpus). In aurea the stripes on abdomen are very obscure and the club bears no distinct terminal spine. Stigmal spot very small. From poincarei differs in coloration, slender wings, smaller substigmal spot, absence of terminal seta. on club (long and stout in poincarei), shorter ovipositor and so on. Mandibles tridentate. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I.—GIRAULT. 145 Antennal club stout. Pedicel thrice the length of the distinctly wider than long funicle joint. Hind wings slender, curved, three lines of discal cilia, the caudal one faint. Male :—Not known. Described from one female taken in the forest, April 15, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2425, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. PAROLIGOSITA new subgenus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female:—The same as Oligosita but the second division of the club is absent, the club but 2-jointed, the second joint twice the length of the first. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. PAROLIGOSITA BICLAVATA new species. Female :—Length, about 0.55 mm. Agrees with the description of Oligosita australiensis Girault but the knob of the stigmal vein is dusky, the longest marginal fringes of the fore wing are somewhat shorter than the greatest width of those wings and the scutum bears a median suleus. Funicle joint quadrate. Hind wings missing. Described from one female taken from a window, February 17, 1913. Habitat: Ingham, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 3453, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide with the type Arrhenophagoidea coloripes. Genus UFENS Girault. 1. UFENS ALBITIBIZ new species. Female :—Length, 0.70 mm. Differs from flavipes in having the discal ciliation of the fore wing denser, only a few of the lines standing out distinctly somewhat as in piceipes; and also in having all of the femora black. Fore wings with about 25 lines of discal cilia. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping miscellaneous vegetation along the banks of the Pioneer River, October 15, 1911. Habitat: Mackay, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2426, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the abeve specimen on a slide. 2. UFENS QUADRIFASCIATUS new species. Female :—Like flavipes Girault in wings and color of the legs but at once distinguished ° from it and all other species by the color of the abdomen which is black with four encircling stripes of white distributed over the surface. ‘These white bands appear to be the incisions between the segments but they were present when the insect was captured and are not due to pressure after mounting. In other species of the genus I could not make them appear after application of pressure to the mounts. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in jungle pocket, April 2, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Wy 2427, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 3. UFENS BINOTATUS new species. Female:—Like the preceding but besides the vertex, the mesoscutum, scutellum and postseutellum are orange yellow, the scutum with a rather large spindle-shaped black marking K 146 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. on each side of the meson each reaching somewhat three fourths the way to apex. Thorax distinetly longitudinally lineolated. Hind tibia more or less dusky just below knees. Marginal vein subequal to stigmal. Scape white, antenna black. From one female caught on a native grass in forest, April 4, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2428, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. A second female taken May 13, same place, had the base of abdomen yellow transversely. GENUS PARUFENS Girault. The antennze bear two ring-joints. Removed from Ufens. 1. PARUFENS ARGENTITIBIZ new species. Female :—Length, 0.70 mm. Jet black, the vertex more or less yellowish, the trochanters, tibiz, knees and tarsi silvery white, the wings hyaline. Pedicel nearly twice the length of the funicle joint which is cupshaped, its greatest width (apex) a little more than its length; club acuminate-ovate, longer than the scape, without a terminal seta, its three joints longer than wide. Pedicel apparently with a coarse scaly sculpture. Fore wings moderate in width, with about 15 regular lines of diseal cilia and a curved line from the stigmal vein with about four cilia. Stigmal vein long, the marginal longer than it but not much more so. Hind wings short, moderately broad, obtusely pointed at apex, bearing four lines of discal cilia, two cephalad and distinct, two caudad and faint; caudal marginal fringes about as long as the greatest width. Marginal fringes of fore wing very short. Differs from the genotype only in having the tibizw silvery besides the tarsi, the funicle joint cupshaped and apparently in having one more line of discal cilia in the hind wing. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured December 24, 1912 in forest. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2429, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with the type of Aprostocetus saltensis Girault. 2. PARUFENS ARGENTIPES Girault. A male of this species was captured January 4, 1913 at Capeville (Pentland), Queens- land, by sweeping in forest. It differs from the female in bearing a distinctly 2-jointed funicle, the antennz as in the female of Ufens Girault. Thus the female Ufens is like the male of Parufens except that there are two ring-joints in the latter. In the female of argentipes, the pedicel is coarsely sculptured into scales, while the funicle is much wider than long and apparently solid while in the male the pedicel seems simple, the funicle plainly 2-jointed and cnly somewhat wider than long, the division transverse. The male genitalia are extruded distinctly for some length (half that of the abdomen) and resemble an ovipositor. The mandibles are tridentate in both sexes, the hind wings with three rows of discal cilia, two cephalic. The ring-joints in the male are distinet but the second one adheres closely to the funicle. Genus ABBELLA Girault. 1. ABBELLA SEXGUTTATA new species. | Female :—Very similar to mira Girault but the two distal spots on the abdomen do not form cross-stripes but are widely separated, the second spot widest, all wider than long. The substigmal spot is very pronounced as in mira and the club is dusky, its first joint black as in mira. Male :—Not known. From one female taken in forest, March 51, 1914. Me i a | a | Acer, Wek. re Osha vay teaniors Liss tae ‘n abe e ie ett) Mi be it t tf) Aine Ais tom vite <6 banana} Creeiohiy y + é . iv: Nia, Wide sh, Coie anit, “AU on, Pied Mai afi Maso er me bed fetawie hid inition west Mea alae shy Tia met cn OREN cal i, Haaltind 1 Pre i sagt) Doh | MRNA? 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Stem Ghe franks “opted ly Wehrpime gvicw tn Torker, sat ¢, jai6, if. y Mathigts Gordodints (elms), Son eiabdad he Rpbet Bul Top SAN oematand Momo ineiaea, Re, eviews a % ai wit ile Wr Paecinta ee rent eats ees ro hy t lhl ane 18h “HOUTEN OF Tas had ize ry eee \ ce ites 7! Of ths saan Gaerl) piee buy Suhre ; ae ‘hh ; ey “a Mira wetly ldeyttetpol ay Tepe) Shia fee O09 nd iin ‘sulwiy r ee a ee ae bri cod (eile eee Oe om War Y Patty jovi *f cots Ke ‘ im? 4) Bo caeet ale (Mogae, Cpeees nie be, or ‘k. Webbalabd MDiv Lorton, he ve FAQULRMRY AIK VATRTITAL eae reel ‘ 4 hs ound ' 4 5 iy ‘ vet Pry t (i) sa? VSEURELE AGOLATIPIS Vat 7 * / » vere f uj OLE on at at lua = , A’ whe Eiatsan T . i) fh avi tha wren. : ud Ty Th), Sanehaloe a aaa Unrate ox UD ee A ae MA ah fig {+ al uf a Reape Cas ’ mo ae ety a 7 \“ , ‘ ‘+’ 7 Wily)‘ he Hei) rly 2 ; ; vib 4) Wa Tow ? ; rf ns ee wi Vita nigel ; Vowtdhiok by tan ’ tim bilidae ed Rega f hel eB et ayy i ; ie 3 ag wettly Tilia, Pe a 712i “IO pephie hal? Winky ‘ “ ye 1) Ae) Veep write he Rae ly f heb sy Vee, vk 1 ha ja ny 7 2 "i hat ‘ Sic Bt sins ae er Tee ie Sea Panels may wryell ' AY WAV, ty its yb. Sih ee ab mr ay me fyran apvite vebe hom Tyre mye i ert Pe eee | wits, re al m7 “ag oi yes) Sieh ie “One Aes ) mpl { pole, ie! Cee obit? cal Bris, oo * Ge falta: i | | me ce tne Millie eis Ye thy ch Aw mA eer, ee ma) aM t ee aa Aten t agen af Gi. ah A Lane " i) Bi Ligh cay AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I—GIRAULT. 147 Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2430, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. The female of swbflava recorded elsewhere from Gordonvale, October 29, 1912 (window) was really this species. BRACHYGRAMMATELLA new genus. Female :—Allied with and similar to Brachygramma Girault but the antennz are 8-jointed bearing two distinct ring-joints, the club rather long and conic-ovate. Also the scape is short, the ovipositor much longer being inserted a little out from base, the antenne are inserted a little dorsad of the ventral ends of the eyes, the marginal vein though broad or thick is thrice longer than wide, the discal ciliation of the fore wing is extraordinarily dense and fine, hence normal, there is a short, stout hairless line on fore wing from (caudo-proximad) the end of the minute stigmal vein and the caudal wings bear about seven lines of discal cilia. The marginal cilia of the fore wing are extraordinarily short and minute, barely visible. Thorax apparently with a distinct median groove for its entire length. Tibial spurs single, absent on cephalic legs. Caudal trochanters with a flattened or compressed dorsal lobe. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. BRACHYGRAMMATELLA NEBULOSA new species. Female :—Length, 0.70 mim. Sooty black, the vertex and scutellum orange yellow, the fore. wings rather lightly infuseated out to apex of venation, the marginal vein black; infuseation of fore wing deeper under marginal vein and more or less across from apex of venation. Knees, tips of tibie and the tarsi silvery white. Color of scape not seen. Fore wings with a more or less clear oblique (caudo-distad) hairless line from end of venation forming with the true hairless line a short inverted V. Marginal vein hispid. Hairless line of fore wing with about four short lines of diseal cilia proximad of it, as coarse as the rest of the discal cilia opposite the marginal vein, the main part of the discal ciliation much finer, none of it coarse or long. Hind femur compressed, the tibial spurs short. Fore wings oblately rounded at apex, shaped somewhat as in Ufens. Pedicel somewhat longer than wide at apex; funicle subquadrate, somewhat shorter than the pedicel, both joints wider than long, the first a little shorter, the suture between them oblique; club 1 longer than 2, longer than the pedicel, 2 conical, subequal to the pedicel, without a terminal seta. Legs rather short. Fore wings naked (or nearly) under submarginal vein. Mandibles with three minute teeth. Caudal marginal cilia of caudal wing distinctly shorter than the width of those wings. Club about twice the length of the pedicel. Described from one female captured by sweeping grass in forest, April 8, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2431, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type of Lathromerella unfasciata Girault and several other chaleids. o MIRUFENS new genus. Female :—Like Japania Girault but the ovipositor is inserted some distance out from base; wings as in Ufexs but the stigmal vein is distinctly much longer than the marginal. Cephalic tibia armed outwardly (dorsad) with six small but distinct teeth-like projections (placed from base to apex). Seutellum with a narrow but distinct median grooved line, a similar line indicated at apex (caudad) of seutum. Mandibles 4-dentate. Caudal femur somewhat swollen, the caudal tibiw serrulate dorsad. Scape much shorter than the club. Marginal vein nearly thrice longer than wide. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 148 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 1. MIRUFENS DENTIPES new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Robust. Jet black, the vertex orange yellow, also the antenne except the concolorous scape and pedicel. Wings hyaline, the venation yellow, the stigmal vein black. Knees, tips of tibie and the tarsi silvery white. Funicle 1 somewhat longer than wide, 2 a little wider than long, 1 being nearly as long as the pedicel; club somewhat longer than the rest of the flagellum. Fore wings with about 16 regular lines of discal cilia, the oblique line from the stigmal vem long (about nine sete). Hind wings broad, with a pair of distinct lines of discal cilia cephalad and a very faint pair of lines caudad, the caudal marginal fringes shorter than the greatest width of the blade, the cephalic cilia very short and uniform. Sculpture of thorax very fine, nearly glazed. Tarsal joints rather long. Middle tibial spur long and slender. Described from one female taken by sweeping grass in forest, April 4, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2432, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. PSEUDBRACHYGRAMMA new genus. Female :—Like Brachygrammatella Girault but the club is solid and the thick marginal vein is shorter, not quite twice longer than wide. Also, there is no hairless line from the- venation. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. PPEUDBRACHYGRAMMA PERPLEXA new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.90 mm. Agrees in every detail with Aphelinodea speciosissima Girault with which it is congeneric — but differing from the original description of that species as follows: The caudal wings are dusky at tip and bear four lines of discal cilia, the third line disappearing caudad; the comet- shaped cross-stripe on fore wing from apex of the venation is practically all of the infuseation: under the venation; the scutellum is contrasting lemon yellow. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in forest, April 15, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cloncurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2433, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with the- type of Neocasca multiguttata Girault. 2. PSEUDBRACHYGRAMMA SPECIOSISSIMA Girault. Aphelinoidea speciosissima Girault, antea. « Female :—See antea, pp. 105-107. 3. PSEUDBRACHYGRAMMA DUBIA new species. Male :—Like the female speciosissima; the club enlarged and short, the two joints not greatly differing in length, the pedicel flattened. The two club joints deeply divided, the distal’ joint short and conical without a terminal seta, the proximal one somewhat wider than long. Agreeing with the description of speciosissima but the head all yellow, the abdomen all black,,. the hind wings with siz rows of discal cilia. Middle tibiz with stiff black bristles dorsad. A male, December 3, 1913 by sweeping in forest. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2434, Queensland Museum, the male on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIVDEA, I.—GIRAULT. 149 APSEUDOGRAMMA new genus. Female :—Differs from Pseudogramma Girault in that the funicle is 1-jointed and the ‘stigmal vein elongate, nearly as long as the marginal, the latter about half the length of the ‘ssubmarginal. Ovipositor inserted at about the middle of the abdomen. Mandibles tridentate. Abdomen no longer than the thorax, obliquely truncate. Hind tibial spur single, short. 1, APSEUDOGRAMMA POPEI new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.58 mm. Jet black, the proximal two joints of the tarsi, tips of tibiae narrowly and the scape pallid. Scutum simple, reticulately scaly. Fore wing dusky from base to distad a little over half from apex of stigmal vein to the apex of the blade; venation blackish. Discal cilia of fore wing moderately dense, subnormal, a line from apex of stigmal vein to apex of wing being about the only one complete and regular; about sixteen lines of discal cilia across widest part of blade but no oblique line from the stigmal vein. Marginal cilia of fore wing short but not extremely short. Caudal wings short, moderate in width, with three complete lines of discal cilia, two along cephalic margin, the third caudal. Longest (caudal) marginal cilia of hind wing subequal to those wings’ greatest width, distinctly longer than the longest marginal cilia of the fore wing. Seape short, subequal to club, a little longer than the pedicel, funicle and ring-joint combined. Pedicel longer than the funicle which is a little wider than long. Ring- joint distinct. Club with long, white streaks, funicle with a transverse oblique one proximad. Club blunt at apex. From one female captured by sweeping secondary forest growth, May 22, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2435, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen ou a slide with type of Oligosita inermiclava. Dedicated to Alexander Pope. NEOCENTROBIELLA new genus. Female :—Difters from Centrobiella in bearing two distinct ring and funicle joints and the fore wing lacks the oblique line of cilia from the stigmal vein. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. NEOCENTROBIELLA RARA new species. Female:—Length, 0.75 mm., excluding the ovipositor which is extruded for a length equal to two thirds that of the abdomen. Black; median line of scutum and scutellum and lateral margins of scutum, all narrowly golden yellow; head golden yellow; occiput dusky; antenna and legs wholly concolorous; fore wings lightly infuscated from base to apex of venation. Antenne 9-jointed, the funicle distinetly 2-jointed, the first joint one and a half times longer than wide, the second oval, barely longer than wide; two distinct ring-joints; pedicel longer than funicle 1, two thirds the length of the scape which is much shorter than the long, rather loosely jointed club; club 2 longest, nearly twice the length of 1, longer than the pedicel; club 1 a little longer than wide; club 3 a little shorter than club 2. Fore wings with about a dozen lines of discal cilia most of them regular and distinct, the longest marginal cilia not quite half the greatest wing width; the discal ciliation.is irregular opposite the stigmal vein. Caudal wings slender, acute, with two distinct lines of discal cilia, the caudal marginal cilia barely shorter than the longest marginal cilia of the fore wing. ‘Tarsi slender. Club without a terminal spine but with several short, thick setee from sides of apex. Described from one female taken in forest, May 13, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2436, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 150 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. TrinE OPHIONEURINI. The name of this tribe has been changed from Lathromerini because the oldest included genus is Ophioneurus Ratzburg. Genus APHELINOIDEA Girault. 1. APHELINOIDEA TINTINNABULUM new species. Differs from howardii and the other Australian species in having the discal ciliation absent just distad of venation somewhat as in plutella but the naked stripe is not so clearly delimited as in that species. Legs and antenne pallid, suffused slightly with dusky, the femora dusky. Face, sides of thorax, occiput and obscure cross-stripes on abdomen blackish. Dorsum of thorax orange yellow. Only one or two cephalic lines of discal cilia reach the marginal vein, the others disappearing about the length of that vein away. Scutellum paler. Male :—Not known. Described from two females captured by sweeping forest, January 6, 1913. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2487, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, two females on a slide together. 2. APHELINOIDEA PAINEI Girault. One female, Gordonvale, April 8, 1914, sweeping grass in forest. 3. APHELINOIDEA SPECIOSISSIMA Girault belongs to Pseudbrachygramma. GENuS LATHROMERELLA Girault. A female captured at Gordonyale, Queensland, January 13, 1913, by sweeping in forest bore much less black on the pleura of thorax. The species is not uncommon in the type locality. 1. LATHROMERELLA FASCIATA Girault. Five females, forest, type locality, 2,000 feet, June 3. Metathorax and propodeum laterad black. The two ring-joints are verified. 2. LATHROMERELLA OCCIDENTALIS new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. excluding ovipositor which is extruded a little over a fourth the length of the abdomen. Differs from the genotype in lacking a terminal spine on ¢elub and the ovipositor is distinctly extruded. Black, the vertex, scutum and scutellum deep orange yellow, the scutum on each side of the meson with two conspicuous elongate dusky black markings reaching distad of middle. Fore wings lightly dusky from base distad half way to apex of wing from end of venation. Fore wings with about 14 lines of discal cilia in regular lines the marginal cilia not long but a little longer than usual. Legs dusky, the tips of tibize and tarsi pallid. Antenne dusky. Ovipositor inserted near base. Fourth club joint longest, wider than long, the fifth joint conical, longer than wide. From one female captured by sweeping forest, April 16, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cloneurry, Queensland. ’ Type: No. Hy 24388, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type of Ufens binotatus. 3. LATHROMERELLA CHINDERAENSIS new species. Female:—Length, 0.75 mm. Antenne with the distinct terminal spine. Abdomen normal. Jet black, the scutum (excepting for a long wedgeshaped spot on each side of meson from cephalic margin), scutellum, axilla, meson of propodeum, abdomen across base dorsad AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I—GIRAULT. 151 and vertex orange yellow. ‘Tibie dusky, pallid along distal half. Fore wings with a substigmal spot, irregularly infuseated near base. Marginal fringes of fore wing nearly as long as the caudal marginal fringes of hind wing. Otherwise like wnfasciata. From one female taken by sweeping in mangrove, May 14, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Chindera, Tweed River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2439, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. 4. LATHROMERELLA LONGICILIATA new species. Female :—Lenugth, 0.70 mm. Bright, deep golden yellow; head, cephalic part of thorax (pronotum and a little of mesonotum), propoedeum and distal third of abdomen dusky or jet black; legs dusky. Fore wings distinctly dusky but irregularly so yet there is a distinct dusky stripe across from the stigmal vein and which is rather broad; under the submarginal vein the black is also distinctly dusky, elsewhere faintly so. Marginal vein a little longer than the submarginal. Agrees with the generic diagnosis except that the fore wings bear rather long marginal cilia (somewhat less than a third the greatest wing width) and the abdomen is shorter, the ovipositor inserted at middle (not extruded); fore wings where widest with about a dozen lines of discal cilia which are not dense but in more or less regular lines, each cilium very short. Hind wings with at least two complete lines of discal cilia, both cephalic. Mandibles tridentate, the third tooth shorter than the others. Antenne dusky; fifth club joint longest, subequal to the terminal spine or a little shorter. Vertex transversely lineolated. Marginal cilia of hind wing caudad barely longer than the longest marginal cilia of fore wing. From one female captured in forest, April 4, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2440, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. What appears to be the male of this species lacks the terminal spine on the antenna and the whole abdomen is dusky black, the meson of propodeum yellow and most of scutum, the latter bearing two long, spindle-shaped black markings quite as in Ufens binotatus. The fore wings are more uniformly infuscated. One male captured with the female and mounted with the type of Ufens binotatus Girault. 5. LATHROMERELLA UNFASCIATA new species. Female :—Length, 0.60 mm. Golden yellow; a wedgeshaped marking on each side of meson of scutum cephalad, antenne, caudal legs except tibie and tarsi, sides of pronotum and propodeum, dusky; a rather broad stripe across abdomen at distal three fourths and a rather large round spot between this and apex on each side of meson, black. Fore wings with marginal cilia not long, the blade lightly infuscated only from stigmal vein; marginal cilia of fore wing distinctly shorter than the caudal cilia of hind wing. Male :—Not known. From one female captured by sweeping grass in forest, April 8, 1914. A second specimen June 10, 1914, in the same place. A third female, September, Pentland, Queensland. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2441, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the first specimen on a slide. The ecross-stripe of abdomen is really very narrowly divided along the meson, the mesal ends of each side turned caudad. There is also a more obscure stripe across just before tip of abdomen. GeNuS LATHROMEROIDES Girault. i. LATHROMEROIDES LONGICORPUS Girault. One female, Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland, March 31, 1914, by sweeping grasses in forest. Two females, same place, April 8, 1914. 152 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 2. LATHROMEROIDES FASCIATIVENTRIS new species. Antea, first supplement, p. 106. Length, 1.30 mm. Mandibles tridentate. The type was captured at 2,000 feet, June 3 and is on a slide. PARUSCANOIDEA new genus. Female:—In my table of genera running to Uscanoidea Girault from which it differs in bearing a long slender marginal vein, which is as long as the submarginal and about thrice the length of the stigmal; the latter is somewhat longer than in Uscanoidea Girault. The fore wing is quite naked. The scape is distinctly shorter than the club. Valves of ovipositor slightly, distinctly extruded. Hind wing narrow, acute, with very long caudal marginal fringes. Male:—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. PARUSCANOIDEA DICKENSI new species, Female :—Length, 0.65 mm. Black, the head and thorax bright lemon yellow but the cephalic scutum with a short longitudinal black marking on each side of meson. Trochanters, knees, tarsi and distal three fourths of tibia pale, antenne dusky pallid. The fore wing is lightly infuscated proximad, seen more particularly in a more or less indefinite stripe across from the stigmal vein and an indefinite, suffused patch under the submarginal, the space between the two subhyaline. Hind femur compressed. Described from one female taken in forest, January 4, 1912. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2422, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with Coccophagus auricaput. Dedicated to Charles Dickens. Genus TUMIDICLAVA Girault. 1. TUMIDICLAVA CILIATA Girault. On page 97, line 4 in the original description of this species (Part I) the peculiar grass in which the Cooktown specimens were captured is a common sedge locally called ‘* nutgrass.’’ On April 4, 1914, I captured a female of this species by sweeping native grasses in the forest; on this specimen I clearly saw the yellow median line on the seutum which makes the species agree with the North American genotype. Is this a ease of parallel evolution? 2. TUMIDICLAVA NIVEIPES new species. Female :—Similar to ciliata but the black on the body is much lighter yet forming the same pattern while the legs are yellowish white except hind coxa and femur. Also, the abdomen bears a complete line of marginal dots and about four abbreviated cross-stripes centrally. Body scaly. Deseribed from one female captured with the ciliata mentioned above. A second female same place, April 16 following and one on April 25, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Grass in forest. Type: No. Hy 2443, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the first female on a slide with the type of Mirufens dentipes Girault. 3. TUMIDICLAVA CANALIS new species. Male :—Length, 0.80 mm. Golden yellow, the occiput, antenne, scutum except median line and lateral margins, seven pairs of round marginal spots on abdomen from base to apex and three or four dots AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I—GIRAULT. 153 ‘along meson of abdomen in a line from base, dusky black. Thus much like the species niveipes ‘but more robust, the antennal club lacks the prominent terminal spine and the mesothorax has -a complete median sulcus. The legs are dusky. From one male taken by sweeping secondary forest growth, May 23, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2444, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the male specimen on a slide. Trine TRICHOGRAMMATINI. GENUS TRICHOGRAMMA Westwood. 1. TRICHOGRAMMA AUSTRALICUM Girault. In Java (Pasoeroen) this species parasitizes the eggs of Chilo infuscatellus, an unknown ‘tortricid associated with cane, Grapholeta schistaceana and Diatrea striatalis. In specimens of this species reared from Chilo my attention was called by P. van der Goot to the presence on the male and female antenna of the minute bladder-like appendages resembling conidial spores (and thought characteristic of Trichogrammatoidea). In the specimens sent me I observed ‘these on the female funicle. Sometimes the female abdomen bears two broad black bands one at base, one at tip; it may be wholly blackish to jet black. I have a femafe from moth eggs, Chindera, Tweed River, New South Wales, May 13, 1914 (A. P. Dodd) and many specimens from a mass of noctuid eggs on Melaleuca, forest, ‘Gordonvale, June 1, 1914. This paper taken with Part I and the first supplement completes our present knowledge of the Australian Trichogrammatida. Students of the group should consult my rather full treatment of the world’s genera now in course of publication in the Bulietin of the Wisconsin (U.8.A.) Natural History Society. Students of this group must always be thorough and careful since the minute forms contained therein have proved bétes noires to many of the most acute Hymenopterologists and ‘in studying them we must be certain to forsake our usual confidence and be content to feel the way with Caution and Diffidence as constant companions.* The following members of the family are common in their several habitats: Neobrachista fasciata; Ufens flavipes; Oligosita pulchra, Oligosita minima, Oligosita sacra; Tumidiclava ciliata; Trichogramma australicum and Abbella subflava. 2 Methods of collecting and describing members of this family are given in the second supplement of Part II. 154 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA—II. SECOND SUPPLEMENT.* By ‘Ay Ai GirAUrT. Faminry MYMARID A. OOCTONINI. GENus CAMPTOPTERA Foerster. 1. CAMPTOPTERA GREGI Girault. By mistake, in the original description, the name of this species was spelled gregst. The single European species (papaveris) is not like the single North American species with which this species was compared. But the European species formerly identified by me as papaveris Foerster is a new species which is now named saintpierrei (Camptoptera papaveris Foerster in Girault, 1909). The species occurs in England and is much like the North American pulla of Girault. The species gregi is common in its type locality. GENUS OOCTONUS Haliday. 1. OOCTONUS FLAVIPES new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Male :—Length, 1.60 mm. Black; legs (including coxe) bright golden yellow; abdominal petiole golden yellow. Thorax normal. Secutum shining, finely reticulate, caudad sublongitudinally rugose; parapsides shining, with very faint reticulation. Axille glabrous; scutellum glabrous ai immediate base, thence scaly and with half a dozen longitudinal ruge. Propodeum rugose, the meson broadly smooth, bounded at caudal half by two sharp carine, rather wide apart. Antenne 13-jointed, long and slender, distinctly longer than the body; pedicel small; second - funicle joint the longest, one half longer than first; others gradually and slightly shortening, the tenth subequal to first. Fore wings long, rather broad but of the graceful type; somewhat infuscated; longest marginal cilia equal to one seventh greatest wing width; discal cilia present under marginal vein in two long and two shorter rows; discal cilia not fine, dense, arranged in about 30 rows. Deseribed from one male caught by sweeping in open forest, 1,300 feet, September 16, 1913 (A. RP. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2445, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the male on a slide. 2. OOCTONUS GIGAS new species. Female :—Length, 2.10 mm. Jet black, the petiole of abdomen, hind coxe, trochanters, scape and pedicel pale or straw yellow, the legs reddish brown, the hind tibia below knees darker; distal third of blade 1 See Volumes I and IJ, Memoirs Queensland Museum. a ie : wey é | hak h ato eA: oe he Mins i i ep) wall? ai ‘ . mien hou “fs “ty ci }iegae ieee amis eget ae johaie ‘wes »dUky ne : 0) Wa Mecky tips From nos Pecan Vi sre uke Yh pg abel eli len a A ead te rn Athi ler at rate fe ica Wy iw eirat Mich wet. ey) How diye ini de bed f ee re Fil , Wendeton tin, The yi. Sesbietbiiek Nair aye 1 ; Pig | ‘ re wt Sepes th ‘LUE He 4 ii ae . ah ’ ba ies rio winnl Cw Margin 86 we hae hiv +3 iy rt * as en) ee ARAN weembhne. 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Ae ov he pay aa dl : Cage, ar iad ea, 1 ii + = id ae ery? ut ae is sey", 1% 4 » q v i. Lies 4 st ye 7 A "y 1 i 6 fs} ‘po. hs e Pw (OE MNNPT RRA CAL Epc { 0 i r ’ t ; Pans) ! r) if he ‘ ‘ rye * | ¢ 4x)? Ral b , ' AH b i . ' t i i) hus 1 4 i i inaye. a At jivimiee i Freon |" ‘ kee r ses yet! K ‘4 iv i) ay et é ryt eyhy Oe) va Ton? a oer 1. Nate. + ; 7 ' . ¥ 4, P P 1 : ‘ a) f ayes Ble / ie iu? Si nue wet ey te, CN ede” Bak a MOTOWN GLO AL aaiw i pi oat bod ier © hype a steoblen sy Nie. | * ie Ve eiinw 7 aA i “4 i A ‘tog Ae Wel Lach fete owe fafigin ~ 2” S 7h dos Wil aia? * Sl) Raw an {1 Bone De Vp aesi of Wieene Liem, 7 i] ing Pe Fe Ye anh sei oa brenie & oa hie urignnt sia AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II.—GIRAULT. 155 of hind wing sooty, the fore wing also sooty at same place, accented proximad (a little over half way to apex from end of venation) in a large ovate black spot narrowly connected along the middle to a smaller ovate spot in center of blade farther proximad (just distad of end of venaticn but in midlongitudinal line of blade). Petiole distmetly longer than wide but not as long as hind coxe. Marginal vein elongate, nearly as long as the submarginal; marginal fringes of fore wing short, at widest part about 32 lines of dense discal cilia. Scape slender; pedicel shorter than funicle 1 which is suffused with yellow; funicles 2 and 3 subequal, longest, thrice longer than wide, the following joints regularly shortening, 8 longer than wide, about half the length of 2. Club long. Strigil strong. Hind tibial spur single. Cephalic femur fuscous toward base. A groove on scutum at distal third at meson. No sclerites between scutum and scutellum, the latter very long, rectangular, longer than wide; axille widely separated. Parapsidal furrows complete. Thorax polygonally reticulate or scaly. Propodeum long, longer than scutum, with two curved median carine forking from base and a long, oblique (meso-caudad) one running to meson at apex but originating at a fovea at cephalic margin far laterad. Abdominal segments subequal, moderate in length. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in jungle, September 15, 1913. Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2446, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide. 3. OOCTONUS PROMETHEUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.00 mm. Very similar to gigas but differing in having the femora black, in being a little smaller, in lacking a median groove on distal scutum, in lacking the lateral carine on the propodeum and in having the distal spot on fore wing deeper black and not quite as large, more clearly delimited. Otherwise (except in sculpture) identical with gigas with which I have compared it. Thorax finely polygonally scaly, the propodeum subglabrous, with a distinct median channel whose margins are carinated, otherwise plane. Scutellum as long as the long propodeum, simple, the posteutellum transverse linear. Lateral margin of propodeum carinated and a few interlacing carine caudo-laterad. Axille widely separated. Median channel of propodeum narrowing caudad. Male :—Not known. Deseribed from one female captured in jungle, February 11, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2447, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type of Gonatocerus renani Girault. GENUS COSMOCOMOIDEA Howard. There are no Australian members of this genus, the two species formerly placed here belonging to Gonatocerus Nees. The genus belongs to this tribe. TRIBE GONATOCERINI. EUSTOCHOMORPHA new genus. Form slender, graceful, the abdomen long, slender, longer than the head and thorax combined, the ovipositor inserted at base, long, exserted for some length, the extruded portion over a third that of the abdomen; legs normal, the tarsi 5-jointed. Thorax long, the parapsidal furrows complete, the sclerites normal, no phragma. Antenne 12-jointed, the club 2-jointed. Fore wings somewhat as in Signiphora, the marginal fringes moderately short (the longest about a fourth the greatest wing width), the discal ciliation sparse. Hind wings rather short, slender. 156 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 1 EUSTOCHOMORPHA HAECKELI new species. Female. Genotype. Length, 1.25 mm. excluding the ovipositor. Uniformly brownish black, the wings hyaline, the legs, scape and pedicel yellowish, the coxw and hind tibizw and femora more or less concolorous; funicle joints all distinctly shorter than the pedicel, the first two subequal, barely longer than wide, the third plainly longer than them but only slightly longer than any of the following joints of the funicle; club short, wider than the filiform funicle, its distal joint plainly longer than the other, somewhat longer than any of the funicle joints. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Forest, December 31, 1912. Type: No. Hy 2448, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. On a slide. Dedicated to Ernst Haeckel. GENUS GONATOCERUS Nees. Synonyms : Agonatocerus Girault ; Gonatoceroides Girault. 1. GONATOCERUS TOLSTOII Girault. Female. Length, 0.80 mm. Jet black and thus in the group of species including nox and lomonosoffi with which it is more closely allied. It differs from the latter in the inequality of the funicle joints, the first four joints all short but unequal, 1 and 2 equal (1 sometimes longer), globular, small, 3 and 4 equal (4 a little larger) globular but about twice larger, 4 less than half the length of 5 which is longest; joint 6 distinctly shortest of the distal four funicle joints, while 7 and 8 are subequal or nearly to 5. Pedicel as long as distal funicle joint. In lomonosoffi, joint 6 subequal to 5. Fore wings slightly broader in this species but otherwise the two cannot be distinguished. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Forest, 1,500 feet, May 29. Type: No. Hy 2449, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. On a slide. 2, GONATOCERUS LOMONOSOFFI Girault. Female. Length, 0.70 mm. Small for the genus. Jet biack and thus distinguished from all species of the genus in Australia excepting nox from which it differs as follows: Smaller, fore wings distinctly not so slender but rather of the broader type (yet not wide, only about fifteen lines of discal cilia), the first three funicle joints short and subequal, fourth only a little longer than third, the latter not jonger than second as in nox, 5 plainly twice the length of 3, not so in nox; discal ciliation of fore wings absent under marginal vein and the body somewhat darker. Wings hyaline. Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Jungle, May 18. rie Type: No. Hy 3452, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. 3. GONATOCERUS BICOLOR Girault. Only the female is known. There is now no reason for thinking that a mesopreseutum is present. 4. GONATOCERUS AUSTRALIENSIS Perkins. Male, female. ‘*Ooctonus Haliday. ‘“ Male antenne with 15 joints, the scape flattened and short, the second joint very small and roundish, the following ones subequally elongate, flattened and wide, but not so wide as long. Antenne of female 11-jointed; scape very long, set on an elongate pedicel, so as to appear obsoletely 2-jointed, and as long as the three following joints together; club as long as the three preceding joints together. Posterior ocelli wide apart, perhaps placed close to the eye margins, the collapse of the head in dried specimens making it impossible to ascertain this point. Scutellum large and elongate, longer than the mesonotum; the axille encroaching a little AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II1—GIRAULT. Lot or not at all on the scapula; propodeum with two raised lines or longitudinal carine. Tarsi 5-jointed. Apical cilia of front wings short, many times shorter than the greatest width of the wings. Abdomen pedicellate. “¢ Qoctonus australiensis, sp. nov. ‘¢ Black, shining, antenne of the male black, of the female with the scape mostly pale yellowish-brown, the second joint also more or less brownish, the following three blackish, the sixth also dark but less so than the preceding, seventh, eighth and ninth white, tenth much wider- than the ninth and black, club black. Legs brownish yellow or testaceous, posterior tibiee more er less darkened. Abdomen pedicellate, brownish black or piceous. Length 1g mm. ‘« Habitat: Cairns, Queensland; two examples extracted from eggs of a conspicuous Tettigonia common in the cane fields.’’ 5. GONATOCERUS CINGULATUS Perkins. Female. ‘¢ Yellow; the face, the whole of the flagellum of the antenna, two adjacent spots on the front of the mesonotum which do not reach back to the middle, one on the anterior angie- of the scapule, another on each side adjoining the tegule and a median one between these, the propodeum, the meso- and metapleura, hind coxe, all tibix, tarsi above, two bands near middle of abdomen (appearing as one very broad one in contracted specimens) and sheaths of ovipositor dark, black or blackish fuscous. Scape and second joint of antenne and front and middle coxz more or less dark on margins. Front tibize with distinct, small, stout spines, placed remotely and in line. Length 1% mm. ‘¢ Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. ’’ 6. GONATOCERUS SULCATUS new species. Male :—Length, 1.25 mm. Velvety black, the wings transparent, the body marked with intense golden yellow as- follows: Head (excepting upper occiput and vertex), prothorax, legs except caudal two pairs- of tibie (caudal tibia darker than middle, black), sides and venter of cephalic half of mesothorax and the scape. Antenne dusky yellow, the scape very short (without the bulla wider than long), the pedicel a little shorter than the scape; funicle 1 over twice the size of the pedicel, a little longer than wide, 2 a little longer than 1, 3 and following each a little longer than 2, subequal; funicle and club joints longitudinally striate; joints 9 and 10 of ‘funicle a little the longest, pearly twice longer than wide and not so thick as 1. Thorax coarsely scaly, the propodeum with fine sculpture, long, with a median carina and carinated lateral margin. Seutum with a distinct median sulcus. Hind tibial spur long, slender. Cephalic tibie- armed as in shakespearei. Caudal wings broad with short caudal marginal cilia. Wings not visible plainly in balsam mounts but the marginal cilia very short. Female :—Not known. Described from one male captured April 15, 1914 in forest (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cloneurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2450, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type- of Gonatocerus ayrensis Girault. 7. GONATOCERUS NONSULCATUS new species. Male :—Length, 1 mm. Very similar to the preceding but the scutum simple, the thoracic sculpture somewhat~ finer, the mesothorax concolorous and also the caudal coxe and femora. Fore wings subtruneate: at apex, very transparent. Pronotum above dark. Female :—Unknown. From one male captured at the same place with sulcatus. Habitat: Cloncurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2451, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 158 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 8. GONATOCERUS ANGUSTIVENTRIS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Black; abdomen a little suffused with brown; knees and tarsi yellow; antennal scape suffused with yellow. With the habitus of renani Girault and grotiusi Girault. Scutum with a median groove; scutum and scutellum with fine, polygonal scaly sculpture. Propodeum with a groove on each side of the meson, the grooves rather widely separated, also with a carina near each lateral margin, in the dorsal aspect. Abdomen tapering at its base. Antenne 11-jointed, first funicle joint much shorter and narrower than the pedicel; second distinctly longer than first, as long as pedicel; third distinctly longer than second, three times as long as wide; 4-8 very slightly and gradually shortening, the eighth as long as the pedicel; club almost as long as the three preceding joints united. Fore wings long, rather broad, but of the graceful type; somewhat infuseated; longest marginal cilia equal to one eighth greatest wing width; discal cilia absent beneath the marginal vein, not fine, dense, arranged in about 30 rows. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in open forest, 1,500 feet, September 16) 1913 (A. BP. Dodd). Habitat: WKuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2452, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 9. GONATOCERUS SHAKESPEAREI new species. , Female :—Length, 1.35 mm., excluding ovipositor which is extruded for a distance equal to from a third to half the length of the abdomen. Long and slender, the abdomen longer than the rest of the body. Golden yellow, the wings hyaline; flagellum, dorsal edge of scape, valves of ovipositor, a cuneate marking on each side of median line of cephalic half of scutum; a large triangular spot covering most of each parapside; center of scutellum at base (in one specimen down whoie of meson broadly) ; meson of propodeum broadly and distal one or two tarsal joints, dusky black. First four funicle joints subequal, subglobular, that portion of the funicle slenderer than the following; joints 5-8 of funicle subequal, each wider and over twice the length of any of the joints 1-4, 7 a little shorter than the others. Discal cilia of fore wing disappearing some distance out from apex of venation, not derse except disto-cephalad yet well distributed over the blade, the fore wings moderately broad (about 16 lines of cilia where broadest), oblately rounded at apex; marginal cilia of fore wing indistinet, very short, absent around apex. Caudal wings rather broad (about five lines of discal cilia), the caudal marginal cilia about as long (or not quite) as the blade is wide. Thorax longitudinally shagreened, no grooves. Abdomen tapering toward base. Proximal tarsal joint long and slender (except in cephalic legs). Male :—Not known. Described from two females captured by sweeping in forest, October 10, 1913 (G. F. TetHll)y Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territory and Cloncurry, Queensland. Types: No. Hy 2435, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimens on a slide (Port Darwin). A female of this species was captured at Cloneurry, April 13, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). The specimen, evidently a variant, had somewhat different fore wings and slightly longer funicle joints but otherwise the same. The cephalic tibize are armed with scattered, distinct, short, thorn-like spines. 10. GONATOCERUS BOSWELLI new species. Female :—Length, 1.05 mm. . Golden yellow; two rather broad dusky stripes across dorsum of abdomen, the first a little distad of middle. Cephalic half of seutum, scutellum except the lateral margins, pro- podeum excepting a narrow yellow line some distance laterad of meson, tegule, postseutellum, AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II—GIRAULT. 159 flagellum and hind tibiw, black. Occiput dusky. Caudal margin of the black of scutum prolonged caudad a little at meson. Tip of ovipositor valves jet black. Wings hyaline. Funicles 4 and 5 longest, 4 narrower than 5, each somewhat longer than wide; joints 2 and 3 a little longer than wide, 1 subquadrate, the pedicel subequal to 5; G and 7 subequal, slightly shorter than 4 or 5. Club rather long. Longest marginal cilia of fore wing between a fourth and a fifth of the greatest wing width where there are about 25 lines of fine diseal ciliation. Fore wings of the graceful type but not narrow. Valves of ovipositor slightly extruded. Male :—Not known. Described from one female taken in jungle, March 6, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cooktown, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2454, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 11. GONATOCERUS CIRCUMVAGUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.25 mm. Like mirissimus but the abdomen and the hind tibiw are black, the first funicle joint over twice longer than wide and slenderer, joints 2 and 3 longest, distinetly over twice the length of the pedicel. More like poincarei but the hind tibize and the pedicel are black, the longitudinal black stripe on the fore wing from immediate apex and is longer, abruptly fading but the fainter portion continuous, not broken, leaving a faint, proximal spot in the mid- longitudinal line. Thorax shining black, with no distinct sculpture, the pronotum long and quadrate and with either a groove or a carina along each side like parapsidal furrows; mesopreescutum absent. Scutellum very long. Hind tibial spurs double. Fore wings somewhat broader than those in poincarei. Described from one female captured by sweeping in jungle, September 15, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2455, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag (with the type of G. carlylet). 12. GONATOCERUS HUMBOLDTI Girault. Genotype of Agonatocerus. Agonatocerus humboldti Girault. This species was originally described erroneously, parts of the antennze having been lost while two pieces of them became so disposed in the mount of the single specimen as to make these organs appear 13-jointed. Also, the median sulcus of the scutum is in reality a yellow line down the meson; the lateral margins of the scutum are also yellow. The species is valid but resembles huyghensi and metschnikofi. From the former it differs in the color of the thorax and abdomen, its slender build and narrow fore wings; and from metschnikoffi in having the yellow on the thorax, more yellow at base of abdomen, in the color of the legs and the more graceful body and appendages. Also, the distal half of the scape is colored. The four funicle distal joints are each about twice longer than wide. Compared with types of all Australian species. 18. GONATOCERUS AUSTRALICA Girault. Genotype of Gonatoceroides Girault. Gonatoceroides australica Girault. This species appears to be valid but should be compared with the following from which it seems to differ as follows: From goethei in that the legs are colored and all of thorax, being otherwise the same as goethei; from haeckeli in lacking the swollen hind femora present in that species; from huyghensi in having funicle 4 longer than 6 and not longer than the pedicel; from fasciativentris in not having pleurum or lateral line of abdomen yellow and there is no regular discal ciliation under the marginal vein but only a V-shaped line; from darwini in that the fore wings are as in haeckeli. In the species fasciativentris, the so-called yellow stripes across the abdomen are the incisions betrreen the segments. 160 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 14. GONATOCERUS TRICOLOR Girault. Antea, first supplement, p. 115, omit last sentence in line 2-3 as irrelevant. What appeared to be the female was captured May 20, 1914, by sweeping in forest,,. type locality. Distal half of abdomen and hind tibiew (only) in this specimen dusky black. The antenne are similar to those of bicolor and tricolor may be but a yariety of bicolor but very doubtfully so. 15. GONATOCERUS GREGI new species. Male :—Length, 1.75 mm. Jet black; first two pairs of knees, tarsi (hind tarsi darker) and cephalic tibie yellowish. Fore wing with two broad cross-stripes of dusky, the first across a little distad of venation (longer cephalo-caudad than proximo-distad), the second at apex, wider than the first, occupying about a fourth of the wing surface and separated from the first by a space narrower than the width of the latter. Thus, very similar to renani except that the cephalic femora are black, the first band of the fore wing is very distinctly much less than its own width distad of apex of venation and there is no infuscation under the marginal vein. Also, there is no median grooved line on the scutum; the proximal margin of second stripe of wing is less convex and the hind’ wings are dusky at tip. Cephalic tibie armed with scattered prickle-like sete (renani also). Funicle joints nearly twice longer than wide, 1 shorter, all distinctly longer than the pedicel. The discal cilia of fore wing nearly reaches venation in this species (some distance distad of it in renani). Hind tibial spurs double. From one male caught by miscellaneous sweeping, May 11, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Murwillumbah, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2456, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 16. GONATOCERUS FLOSCULUS new species. Female :—Of the same build and so on of shakespearei but black, the venter of prothorax and under sides of mesonotum yellowish, the last two pairs of tibiz and scape dusky, the caudal femur dark like their tibiae. Knees, femora, tips of tibiae and the tarsi pale yellowish. Antennz about as in the named species but the scape is more compressed, the distal four funicle joints somewhat longer, also the club. Fore wings as in shakespearei but the marginal vein is a little longer. The ovipositor is a little shorter. Scutum with an obscure median suleus centrally. Thorax rather coarsely coriaceous, the propodeum smooth, noncarinate. Secutellum simple. Otherwise as in shakespearei. Colored much like nonsulcatus but that species has no obscure median groove on scutum, the propodeum bears a median carina and the fore wings bear - extremely fine discal ciliation which is very faint. Moreover, nonsulcatus has a normal abdomen (as probably all males of the species with females of the peculiar habitus of this species do). In nonsulecatus, the cephalic tibia is no longer than the combined lengths of the first three joints of the tarsus; in this species it is longer than the three joints taken together. In this species. grooves on each side of the meson of propodeum as in angustiventris Girault and Dodd are faintly indicated. From one female caught in forest, Tweed River, May 4, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2457, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with male: type of haeckeli. 17. GONATOCERUS COMPTEI Girault. Female:—The distal half of the abdomen sometimes jet, the scutellum with a large round black spot at base centrally and the funicle joints all a little longer. Base of abdomen: sometimes not striped. A female, forest, May 27, 1914, type locality. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II.—GIRAULT. 161 Trine ANAPHINI. GENUS PARANAPHOIDEA Girault. The thorax bears a phragma. 1, PARANAPHOIDEA CAUDATA new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Very similar to egregia Girault but the conspicuous black line along each side of the postseutellum absent, this sclerite wholly yellow; the so-called V-shaped yellow marking on the scutum (in reality, two acute, long, black wedges from cephalad om a yellow ground and extending about to caudal margin) is absent since the black areas from cephalic margin on each side are rectangular, somewhat longer than wide but extending only half way to the caudal margin leaving the meson and lateral margins of cephalic half of scutum narrowly yellow. The legs are wholly yellow and the antenne except the club. Funicle 1 is somewhat larger. Otherwise identical. Male :—Unknown. Described from female taken from a window, February 3, 1912. Habitat: Cooktown, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2459, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with the type of egregia. 2. PARANAPHOIDEA INTERMEDIA new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Exactly similar to egregia but distinctly larger and characterised by having finer discal cilation on the fore wing (about 32 lines) and the head is all yellow, together with the legs. The funicle joints are all somewhat longer, the cephalic tibiw bear strigils. In both species, there is a triangular black spot laterad on postscutellum. In all four species of the genus, the axilla are margined with yellow caudad and laterad. Male :—Not known. From one female captured on April 6, 1914, by sweeping grass in forest. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2460, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. A male of a species of this genus collected by Mr. A. P. Dodd at Cloneurry, Queensland, April, 1914, resembled closely the genotype. The male antenne are as in Stethynium. The color pattern of the thorax appears to be a generi¢ characteristic. GENUS POLYNEMOIDEA Girault. This genus differs fundamentally from Stethynium Enock in lacking the thoracic phragma. GEeNus STETHYNIUM Enock. 1. STETHYNIUM CINCTIVENTRIS Girault. Female :—ULength, 0.80 mm. With the habitus of Anaphes. Black, the abdomen with a broad band of silvery white around its base which occupies nearly a third of the surface; legs white or nearly, the antennze black, the first three funicle joints cylindrical, the second longest, 1 and 3 more or less equal, a third shorter than 2; 6 subglobular, a third shorter than 5 while 4 is a fourth shorter than 5; proximal club joint nearly half of the club. Fore wings rather narrow and graceful, with about fourteen lines of discal cilia across the widest part of the blade, the longest marginal cilia about half the greatest width. Hind wings rather narrow and curved, with five lines of fine diseal cilia toward tip, the third and fourth lines soon disappearing. Scutum more or less pallid especially at caudal half, the parapsides and scutellum white. Strigil present. Scutellum rectangular, the mesopostscutellum much longer than it and joined onto the phragma (two L 162 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. pairs of sclerites between scutellum and postseutellum). Fore wings with a more or less distinct subfuscous stripe across at about the middle. Valves of ovipositor slightly exserted. Tibial spurs single. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured September 3, 1913 by sweeping in a jungle pocket. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2461, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide with an Anagrus male. 2. STETHYNIUM FLAVINOTZ new species. Female :—Length, 0.65 mm. Black, the wings hyaline, the body marked with golden yellow as follows: Legs, the whole of the large, peltate scutellum which bears a deep median sulcus, distal fifth of scutum, the sclerites between scutum and scutellum, center of vertex, caudal half of each parapside and much of the face. Antenne black suffused somewhat with yellow; distal funicle joint a little longer than wide, subequal to 1, 2 longest, plainly longer than wide, 3 and 4 subequal, slightly shorter than 2; distal club joint longest. Fore wings very broad (about 36 lines of very fine discal cilia), their longest marginal fringes not much more than a fifth the greatest wing width. Hind wings broad, bearing about six lines of sparse discal cilia, curved, their longest marginal fringes distinctly longer than those of the fore wing. Phragma and strigils present. Male :—The same but only the propleura, mesopleura, ventral cheeks, the face and the base and margins of phragma are yeliow. Thorax very finely sculptured. Club 2-jointed. Marginal cilia of fore wing longer. Described from one female from fleshy galls on gum, March 20, 1911 and two males labelled ‘‘ 52. From galls,’’ all from the collections of the National Museum, Melbourne, Victoria. Habitat: Melbourne ?, Victoria. Type: No. Hy 2462, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above female on a slide with the types of perlatipenne. 38. STETHYNIUM GLADIUS new species. Female :—Length, 0.75 mm., excluding ovipositor which is extruded for nearly half the length of the abdomen and dusky black. Pale golden yellow, marked with black as follows: Cephalic half of pronotum except lateral margins and meson (two large wedgeshaped spots), cephalic half of each parapside, a round dot on axilla cephalad, two dots on abdomen one on each side of meson just before tip, two dots on meson of same just out from base in a line longitudinally and a narrow cross-stripe a little distad of middle accented on each side at lateral margin and obscurely, narrowly divided along meson. Seutellum with three grooves, one median. Legs, seape and pedicel yellow, rest of antenna blackish. Funicle 1 shortest, barely longer than wide, 3 longest, somewhat longer than wide, the others subequal to each other and to the pedicel. Fore wings slender, their longest marginal cilia about three fourths the greatest wing width and caudo-distad. Usual for the genus with the exception of the ovipositor. Pedicel globular. Hind wings linear, ~vith two complete lines of discal cilia along each margin. From one female caught in forest, June 26, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2463, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide with type maxwelli. 4, STETHYNIUM MAXWELLI new species. Female:—Length, 1.12 mm. Jet black, the large mesopostscutellum contrasting golden yellow and with two lateral grooved lines. Legs pale yellow, the caudal femur dusky. Fore wings lightly infuscated, AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II—GIRAULT. 163 outlining a large distal ovate hyaline area with the broader end at apex of the blade and its narrower end penetrating centrally more than half way from apex to apex of venation. Tip of abdomen whitish, the pallid dusky valves of the ovipositor extruded a short distance. Thorax as in cinctiventris which also appears to have the lateral grooves on postscutellum; however, here, the scutellum is longer and widens somewhat caudad. Scape and pedicel pallid dusky ; funicle 3 longest, subequal to the pedicel, nearly twice longer than wide, 4 and 6 shortest, subglobular, 2 and 5 subequal, somewhat shorter fhan 3, 1 a little shorter than 2; club only slightly wider than the funicle, its middle joint shortest, distinctly wider than long. Strigil distinct. Ovipositor inserted at base of abdomen. Fore wings as in Paranophoidea, truncate at apex, bearing about 32 lines of fine discal ciliation, the marginal cilia very short. Caudal wings broad, with about 7 lines of discal cilia, their caudal marginal cilia distinctly not as long as the greatest width of the blade (which is at distal third) but over twice the length of the uniform marginal cilia of the fore wing. Hind tibial spur single. Caudal femur with numerous very short, stiff sete dorsad. From one female caught in forest, June 6, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2464, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with the preceding species. Dedicated to Clerk Maxwell. 5. STETHYNIUM NOTATUM new species. Female :—Length, 0.50 mm. Much like daltoni but the abdomen bears four distinct cross-stripes of black, the first at base, the cuneate marking on each side of meson of scutum reaches three fourths the way to caudal margin (only about half way in daltoni) and there is a round black spot just caudad of each parapside (besides the more obscure, crescentie marking farther caudad and present in daltoni). Also the seape and pedicel are lemon yellow. Structurally differs in that funicle 2 is somewhat shorter being only a little longer than wide, 3 is quadrate (6 is globular and larger than 5 in both species); the fore wings are less slender (about 16 lines of discal cilia where broadest); the caudal wings with five or six lines of discal cilia which are uniformly distributed distad and they are broader than with daltoni. Compared with type of daltoni. From four females which emerged May, 1914 from gall No. 31 (of H. Hacker). Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2465, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, four females on a slide. The species lavoirsieri bears a more or less distinct dusky band across abdomen somewhat proximad of middle while daltoni has a distinct cuneate marking on cephalic scutum on each side of the meson (cephalic half) and the cephalic end of each parapside is dusky. The types of vesalii, cuvieri, lavoirsiert and mayeri have been re-examined. 6. STETHYNIUM PERLATIPENNE new species. Female :—Length, 0.90 mm. Marked like flavinote but more robust, both wings very much broader, the fore wing bearing about forty-eight lines of discal cilia, the hind wings about eight. Male :—Not known. Described from two females reared with flavinote. Habitat: Melbourne ?, Victoria. Types: No. Hy 2466, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimens on a slide with the type female flavinote., 7. STETHYNIUM LATIPENNE Girault. The pronotum, scutum excepting lateral and caudal margins and the median line more obscurely, the tegule, the cephalic third of each parapside and the abdomen are velvety 164 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. black. Differs from flavinote and perlatipenne in bearing distinctly longer marginal cilia om the fore wing. The males of Stethynium may be distinguished from the males of Paranaphoidea by the characteristic shape of the fore wings and the arrangement of the longer marginal cilia. Otherwise, they are very much alike. Genus ANAPHOIDEA Girault. 1, ANAPHOIDEA GALTONTI Girault. Male :—-Black, the wings hyaline, clouded along proximal half, the scape, pedicel and legs dusky brown, the antenne otherwise black, the funicle joints a little over twice longer’ than wide. Same as the female. From one male captured with the female type specimen. GENUS ANAPHES Haliday. 1. ANAPHES MAZZININI new species. Female :—Length, 0.50 mm. In general like the North American gracilis and very similar to the Australian kantir from which it differs as follows: The head except vertex and all of thorax except cephalic third of seutum are golden yellow, the exceptions black or nearly; distal half of abdomen black. Club and caudal femur dusky; rest of legs and antennz pale yellow. The fore wings are somewhat broader, their discal ciliation apparently absent but sparse and very faint—a long line along cephalic margin and scattered cilia in the cephalic half of the blade. The antenns are similar in structure. Strigil present. The fore wings are a little broader than their longest marginal cilia (a little narrower in kantii). Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Forest, December 26, 1912. Type: No. Hy 2467, Queensland Museum, the female on a slide. GENuS PARANAGRUS Perkins. = 1. PARANAGRUS OPTABILIS Perkins. Pasoeroean, Java. Associated with the eggs of Dicranotropis vastatria Breddi on sugar-cane. ANAGROIDEA new genus. Female:—lLike Anagrus Haliday but the seutellum is preceded by a sclerite which is- nearly as long as itself, both wider than long, the antenne inserted at the clypeus, the scape elongate, also funicle 1 and the club, the latter nearly as long as the funicle; no phragma; the abdomen depressed ovate, subpetiolate, the second segment occupying over a third of the surface, the ovipositor not exserted. Strigils present. Mandibles slender, bidentate. Fore wings as in Anaphes but their marginal cilia short. Caudal wings very broad, the blade shaped like an ordinary table-knife. Body with rather rough sculpture. Caudal tibial spurs- double. Tarsi 4-jointed. Male antenne filiform, 13-jointed. Black. With the habitus of certain scelionids. Type: Eustochus dubius Girault. 1. ANAGROIDEA DUBIA (Girault). Eustochus dubius Girault, first supplement, pp. 128-129. The female is like the male except the 9-jointed antennz as described in the foregoing... The vertex is finely transversely lined, the propodeum rugose. One specimen, Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland, forest (2,600 feet), June, 1913. The type is a male, the type locality Gordonyale. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II.—GIRAULT. 165 The genus Anagroidea is closely allied with Cleruchus Enock but that genus has the ‘scutellum longer than wide, the male antennz are apparently 12-jointed, the sculpture is not rough, the marginal vein is distinctly shorter, the fore wings are narrow and with very long marginal cilia and the hind wings are not enlarged. KHrythmelus Enock (= Enasius Enock) is valid on thoracic structure. The phragma is present and the scutellum is preceded by a single rectangular sclerite at the meson and between the axille. In Anagrus, the scutellum is followed by a pair of sclerites and the phragma is present. PARANTHEMUS new genus. Male :—Characterised by the antennze which are only 3-jointed, scape, pedicel and a long unjointed club bearing three conspicuous whorls of long stout setz. Phragma present. Fore wings as in Anthemus- Howard. Mandibles edentate, obliquely truncate at apex, the extreme apex acute. Pedicel long, stout but not half the length of the tapering club. _ Seutellum hemispherical, apparently a solid piece. Female :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. PARANTHEMUS SPENCERI new species. Male:—Length, 0.43 mm. Pale golden yellow and resembling the common species of Anagrus in general appearance; cephalic third or less of scutum dusky blackisk on each side of meson there being ‘a short cuneate area; fore wing lightly infuscated under the marginal vein, margin to margin, the longest marginal cilia about three fourths the greatest wing width. Discal cilia of the fore wings arranged in about seven lines, distinct, not dense. Hind wings narrow, with a single distinct line of discal cilia along the cephalic margin, the caudal marginal cilia much longer than the greatest width of the blade. Tarsi not especially long. Female :—Not known. Described from one male captured in jungle, February 4, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2468, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Dedicated to Herbert Spencer. TRIBE MYMARINI. GENUS POLYNEMA Haliday. 1. POLYNEMA POINCARET Girault. The distal band on fore wing covers the distal fourth of the wing rather than distal fifth. A female was taken at Cooktown, Queensland, by sweeping in jungle, March 6, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). The head is polished. Pronotum as long as the scutum. Thorax smooth, the propodeum nonearinate. Scutellum without a cross-line of punctures before apex. Compared with type in balsam. Male:—Like the female. Antenne black, the pedicel short, yellow, the funicle joints 3-4 times longer than wide except the last two which are shorter, the last only one and a hali times longer than wide, much shorter than the club joint which is subequal to the penultimate funicle joint. Pedicel subglobate. Described from a male captured in a jungle pocket, April 2, 1914 at Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. A. POLYNEMA POINCAREI NIGRITHORAX new variety. Female :—Polished black; pronotum quadrate, subequal to scutum; scutellum longer 166 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. perfectly simple, no cross-line of fovee before tip; propodeum perfectly plane, polished; no pubescence. Thorax jet black, also distal one or two funicle joints. Otherwise in color like the type forms. Petiole longer than the long hind coxe. Captured September 13, 1913 at Kuranda (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2469, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above female on a slide. 2. POLYNEMA FRANKLINI Girault. This species also differs from rousseaui in having no disto-cephalic spot on the fore wing. 3. POLYNEMA SAPPHO Girault. The color of the legs given in the table of species is correct. 4. POLYNEMA LODGEI Girault. Antea, first supplement, p. 123, fourth line from bottom scond read second. 5. POLYNEMA FRATER Girault. The type is a male, the type locality Ingham, Queensland. 6. POLYNEMA ROMANESI Girault. In the table of species (first supplement, p. 127), this species should be included within the group containing draperi and allies. It differs from draperi in its greater size and longer antennal joints. Thus, funicle 2 is only about twice the length of the pedicel in male draperi, plainly thrice its length in male romanesi. The tarsal joints are much longer. From nordaui female, romanesi differs in the greater slenderness as with draperi and the hind legs are wholly orange yellow. The first joint of caudal tarsus is distinctly less than half the length of the caudal tibia in nordawi (somewhat less so in draperi) but in romanesi it is about half the length of the caudal tibia or a little more. In romanesi, joint 1 of the caudal tarsus is distinctly longer than any of the funicle joints while in male draperi it is about as long as the longest joints of the funicle in that species. In female nordawi the tarsal joint is a little shorter than funicle joint 2. Types of the species named re-examined. 7. POLYNEMA WALLACEI new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Characterised by bearing on the fore wing longitudinally a large subovate fuscous marking which fills over the distal third of the blade and thus running to lodgei Girault from which it differs in that the longitudinal marking in that species is uniform and central, columnar; also in lodgei the club is short and stout while in this new species it is long and slender; in lodgei, also, the distal funicle joints are shorter. The wings ‘are about the same otherwise. Antenne black except the first three joints which together with the first two pairs of legs (except cox and a ring around first femur at base), the petiole except distal half and the hind tarsi, are chrome yellow. Hind legs somewhat darker. Funicle joint 6 over twice longer than wide, shortest, somewhat longer than the pedicel. Ovipositor just tipping the abdomen. In lodgei the fore wings are a little broader and funicle joint 6 is not twice longer than wide but subequal to the pedicel. Differs from grotiusi in being smaller, the nonexserted ovipositor, the different color and somewhat longer antennal club. First two or three abdominal segments long, the others transverse. Short carinze inclose the propodeal spiracle. Cross-groove of scutellum finely punctate. Seutellum, pronotum, scutum, axille, parapsides (except laterad centrally) polished; vertex faintly sculptured; scutellum with indication of a median groove at base (a longer than wide fovea); abdomen polished. Propodeum with a distinct median carina, which forks at apex; its spiracle minute. © 7 4 ind Ait of eek h me ea oo [ ane Pestesriew whale eit, Ae pier, we i wie oh) hei bode bie Teena! s ‘vapened ee jute, Vilna AA, TY bis {A ' Lise : : J Dethayew to A, Wadhnrs, ie KD Y palt) Poihinnd, fw edeiane. > oe yin! Ne, By hiehy Qeeentand Wy. un; Hite iy Ag pa aig iy" Dy it vod li. ( . i | PULA IEA, ALARMING sires gliiewe Peps pe Lenin Fir ee Wig) ipl) At AMpelian epee $m »Gaeied!) pied ented | Yaua aly lt oy tut [sien dreams pti of, hem in: Dbeatter eda ane * wigriagihe f wee ot the ay be LL) ee Bia wiht eroR MLA Ded Beceieta ARIPO Hail 8 WP Thee, Aigtee CHAR, POP SE GR ytly Brey Ge flee er PA eae |) are Hiieba) teouals Sihote fasion ab tes, domky, Finda’) yetinainy Ot nraly Weegee 1a ca Pate: pide, 4 bree (hind ¢gegee Ghee 3, 4 thy Moves ana fs aveh We Raith he % “folws Mein Ghotiesiay, noch iden nd, Oo Nie money hehe A Qt lower Ueto tie i 2 ppilice! Mt a cori cowed, | Paateie Bove Woen longer. tea”) ia pan! Dae, aa ear itd) ahh OY i (oman, 0 hone. Se emery dene than ist? Vie a) Pena (he? The tise dat jot cru pepert afer, reihade ome Pel! aeons, , Ke, aa) Mitig fe Mit, pie : . 5 1G + C Peeecetipah. Fray Gad: Civil pow, age en 1a | Mi xh a 7 i (odpeo! isi kee if) Ee Gan ’ ( As } 7 iyi Ny bgp din ul tyseq, Vieloluxee, the apedewii ene by Pr, ¢ ee | ‘., Dadivn' +) 1 ide. AMyou ‘aan PULYRERMA THOTLDATIAL wow ques aa ! oe Penal a ai : " ‘renee nteh Jy onheutal tee aE rE ba® 1 A _ then A Teuith Wie Sent) of ih i i ¢ ga Se BALY, APY) Bae Fes ake pte pik pew Dey way te i sete nh Lach etan caf Si) Bb alivety exirtdel ai hetilat« The Wing> gov were Ceteokp Cine Phe) Me wuts toy birser wo, 7 Pe ee hhivieie * imi evs) fngee, OM at bo pad wlieh Dao Ve +e gawttar | a une imrgded tl dha ee L * . Heruy' wre al) Vilas ated wlew’ Mo Mae. Cite Lael a vad pus ile ait ehde rents polet a; tbe tw te ah is fare wing’) ary pf? he B Py Aivernd: gern: Ge riri sa tala’. nn i. ae we ™ ‘Qe vet OA il LY a ie J 3 he Lyman Pl pw S alieal) Hne o vibe fk ” ¥ fig : > HPrunctden Os a eit) a petro | viedlab ‘ahtind? Mice fia ila Gain. frm : wip he suthxt sid Cpe eneines, ile Meare yal tw Aw om rie ial coh cwly man Hid betbutiws, ina ip. ry Abe overt a - ) Myer, ee ach raja) by igh S| | Cunirdinn, Tier, ; | aah mere ait ) *« » ig Vp oft AL U he * : wars any Mate ty ) ‘ pial A e yi foros Verne eh ? < bys g.4 we ots J ee iv vib f te, S7Ue ALY Mieaat f , Win) ah oro. Qh (Me i y ly oe lujeneaad 4 vi ‘ a ee * PLYNEMA FADIA lt ‘s . ‘ A of 4 ‘ny POLYLR SAPPOo i: ~ pt +. t »! 4 ‘ Is LODeeS 2 e; $y teat 4 , ey | i " exing MMvowliy ai eT ; a "ys Walote ; oe k L Wik “4 HT tor ad i% ‘ tal * y 4 ry i ‘ ix yA) f7 ke ¢ t r ui} s @ bids sel ° ) ; ; We Be? a v vi : oe © i MPU! | | we ama A a by ary Th t ales ' " 4 ' ‘ af tue wit) ; ene . ‘ a) id | iy we? Laseer Kae r | de [ teeyann f cer WN ne) 0 a - i Wei * ’ , ' ait i ays . ' salen Pion Lie- bie. - - Uh Forias ete lke ; { fh —™ i pv i” Aas som ’ Poul, HAR ap iain, Tir hf se a or TRC Fe eee ro bia “ne? thik rh/i' Sele wrt! ¢ ‘ veil utay. Trae se) Sheu! nie rr ia aur) Seer Me meee ae $e i OW) Cay) er ee ee Y chy Hi Kursu iNietanactind) eapinmeye Adie O10)! tron towels. Filia tiers) diy iain i ait wiles Chemie «a. of We gigi sy 4, j Wty he “cated iie, “pie amigas ‘ ParapaWe: | feet sande eee Gnllate ertted) tateiigg psdecapt Indiahe aba Ply “Sitnpiee Me, Te eS sh aa ohde ‘Taven ty sb a cali ‘wth ty sae ee ee ri gety sy dy Py See teh) aurick & Me a ae Ve / ‘ i Ma yi 1 ey 7 4 ah H ane } ha f . a ie ye. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II.—GIRAULT. 167 From two females captured in jungle, February 4, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Dedicated to A. R. Wallace. Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2470, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one female on a slide with a female of mendeli. 8. POLYNEMA ALIGHERINI new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. In my table of Australian species runs to spenceri and allies (australiense and pax) but differs from all of them in bearing distinctly shorter marginal fringes on the fore wing, the longest of these cilia being not a half of the greatest wing width but between a third and a half of that distance. Black, legs and antennew pale golden yellow; club black; distal three funicle joints more or less dusky. Funicle 1 subelongate, distinctly longer than the pedicel, 2 longest, a third longer than 1, 3 a little shorter than 2; next three funicle joints each shortening, each widening distad, 6 a little shorter than 1 but longer than the pedicel. Ciliation of fore wing not disappearing proximad. Funicle 2 five times longer than wide. Joint 1 of hind tarsus somewhat longer than funicle 2, somewhat less than half the length of the hind tarsus. Compared with types of pax, draperi, zangwilli, romanesi and nordaut. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in jungle, April 13, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2471, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Dedicated to Dante Alighere. 9. POLYNEMA THOREAUINI new species. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm., excluding ovipositor which is extruded for somewhat more than a fourth the length of the abdomen. In my table runs to australiense and pax but may be separated at once because of the distinctly extruded ovipositor. The wings are more densely ciliated than in australiense and the funicle joints are longer. Closest to pax which has the ovipositor a little extruded but the antenne are all black and also the legs (the tarsi and petiole of abdomen yellow); also the fore wings are slightly different and the discal ciliation is continued to the venation only by a single (sometimes paired) line of cilia. Pronotum large, with a narrow median carina; parapsidal furrows distinct. Scutellum with a curved cross-line of pin-punctures, the thorax with rather coarse longitudinal reticulation. Segment 3 of abdomen large, occupying nearly a third of the surface, 2 a third shorter than it, 4 transverse. Propodeum and abdomen practically without sculpture, the former without carine. Compared with slide type of australiense and pax. From one female captured by sweeping forest uplands, May 28, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Maclean, Clarence River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2472, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide with type of Gonatocerus humboldti (Girault). Dedicated to Henry David Thoreau. 10. POLYNEMA HEGELI new species. Male :—Length, 1.80 mm. Shining; pronotum longer than the scutum, its lateral margin carinated, with a distinct neck. Parapsidal furrows complete. Scutellum plane, flat, the axille very small, the 168 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. postscutellum barely separated by sutures, very small, transverse; propodeum not well differentiated from the plane scutellum, not much inclined, smooth, noncarinate, nonsulcate, but its lateral margin very distinctly carinated or rimmed. Propodeal spiracle minute, round, cephalad. A long seta from each side of base of abdominal petiole on propodeum; and a somewhat shorter one on each side of meson of pronotum just before its caudal margin and one from each latero-candal angle. Scutellum and seutum wholly naked. A short seta from center of each axilla. Head, thorax, legs, pedicel and abdominal petiole dark red brown; rest black. Differs from poincarei as follows: In the second band of the fore wing which has the caudal margin deeply notched the whole forming a V; in poincareci, the caudal margin is straight. The two arms of the V thus formed are unequal, the longer being the cephalic. Also, the whole stripe is shorter, plainly shorter than the space between the stripes, not subequal to it as in poincarei. Nearly the distal half of the linear hind wings is dusky in both species. Differs from the description of the male of poincaret in that (the club is somewhat shorter than funicle 1) funicles 2-8 are each about seven times longer than wide, 1 about five times longer than wide. The pedicel is somewhat longer than wide. The wing pattern is also different. Compared with female type of poincarei. Described from one male caught in jungle, August 2, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Harvey’s Creek (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2478, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. | Dedicated to G. W. F. Hegel. In describing forms in this family it is necessary to examine the thoracic structure and the sculpture since species may differ in this alone. Also, the thorax will have to be used largely in the classification of this group and I have already applied it in the case of Anagrus and allied genera. Special notice should be taken of those sclerites following the seutum. CORRECTION.! Page 115, first supplement, volume IT, line 9, peregrinium read peregrinum. COLLECTION, PRESERVATION AND DESCRIPTION OF MYMARIDAE. The fragile and delicate insects of this family may be collected by rearing, by sweeping and by scanning windows. The last two yield the largest number of specimens and species but the first is of importance because of the additional data obtained. Immediately after collected, the specimens should be killed by immersion in alcohol and preserved in this medium (about fifty per cent. with water) until they are to be studied when after preparing the balsam mount, they may be removed by means of a camel’s hair brush to a clean slide, fixed in suitable positions for studying the thorax and sculpture while still wet and as the uppermost parts dry off, placed quickly upon the stage of the microscope and the desired notes made. By adding dilute alcohol from time to time at this stage, a more or less leisurely study may be made of the entire dorsal surface (the forms without a phragma may be allowed to dry out completely). As these procedures are to prevent shrivelling, after the notes have been made, the specimen should be allowed to dry long enough for all of the surface fluid to become evaporated and then with the aid of a needle or pin dipped in balsam, rapidly transferred to the prepared slide, immersed in the xylol-balsam and covered in the usual way. If necessary, clearing may be accomplished by heating until the xylol-balsam boils gently. These simple methods are 1 For additions see supplement to Part V and Part XV. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, II.—GIRAULT. 169 call that I have found necessary or desirable in studying the Mymaridi. They have been used with success with the Trichogrammatidz. Forms of the latter should never be allowed to dry and color descriptions preferably should be made before mounting in balsam. This applies to the delicate phragma-bearing Mymaride as well. Trichogrammatide are collected in the same manner as described for the Mymaride. When clearing with heat, it is best in all cases to make the application as gentle as suffices; with the Trichogrammatidaw, it is necessary to remove the head and mount it under a cover of its own so that pressure can be applied to the antenne. The following Mymaride are common in their habitats: Alaptus globosicornis, austra- liensis, Dicopus psyche, Gonatocerus comptei, G. cingulatus, Anagrus armatus, Paranagrus perforator, Stethynium lavoirsieri, S. cuvieri, S. vesalii, Camploptera gregi. and Polynema poincarei. ‘* Common’’ means ‘‘ frequently met with.’’ LITERATURE REFERRED TO. 1909. Girault, A. A. Annals Ent. Society of America, II, pp. 22-29, 170 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA—III. SECOND SUPPLEMENT. By A. A- GIRAULT. Famity ELASMID.* THE same magnification. See these Memoirs, IT. GENUS ELASMUS Westwood. All the Australian species in this genus seen by me bear two ring-joints and a 3-jointed club, the antennz 10-jointed. 1. ELASMUS HISPIDISCUTUM new species. Female. Similar to kurandaensis except that the conical prolongation of the green of the scutum does not reach the scutellum. Mandibles 5-dentate in both species. From caudal aspect, the yellow of the vertex invades the metallic upper half of the occiput, appearing like a spot on each side. The fore wings are infuscated in both species but no distinct pattern is formed; however, the infuscation is longitudinal and under distal half or more of the marginal vein in kurandaensis (and broader), in this species along distal third or less of the same vein. In this species the lateral extremity of the green of scutum is obtuse or flat, in kurandaensis acute or subacute. Pronotum metallic at cephalic margin in both species. Flagellum brown black; funicle 1 longest, somewhat over twice longer than wide, twice the length of the pedicel; joints 2 and 3 subeaual, somewhat shorter than 1; club 1 much the longest, slightly shorter than funicle 3. Seutum hispid. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Forest. July. Type: No. Hy 2720, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Tag and slide. 2. ELASMUS PUNCTATICAPUT new species. Female. Length, 2.50 mm. Dark «neous green, the head tinged with purplish, the postseutellum lemon yellow, the legs pale except last two pairs of coxe and middle of imtermediate and caudal femora broadly which are dark metallic. Abdomen orange yellow, with a rather broad metallic green stripe across base, the distal fifth darker metallic (dorsad) and this portion immediately preceded by two transverse metallic stripes which are preceded by two marginal spots (a total of four spots), the stripes and spots nearly filling the orange portion of the abdomen. Fore wings distinctly infuscated but no pattern or distinet stripes, the infumation longitudinally under the distal half of the venation. Scutellum finely scaly, naked or only with several large sete, the scutum the same but densely hairy. Head with rather dense thimble punctures above (vertex and dorsal face). Antenne brown, the second ring-joint large; funicle joints all much longer than wide, 1 slightly the longest, twice longer than wide, distinctly longer than the pedicel. Mandibles 8-dentate. A yellow marking cephalad of the tegula as in divinus. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Jungle along forest streamlet. June. Type: No. Hy 2721, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Tag and slide. 1 For additions, see Part XIV. 7 — a AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, III.—GIRAULT. 171 8. ELASMUS AURATISCUTELLUM new species. Female. Length, 2.60 mm. Dark purplish green, the scutellum, mesopleurum and abdomen except a rather broad stripe across base, a little over distal fifth and a distinct round spot at lateral margin dorsad near middle, deep orange yellow. Postscutellum lemon yellow. Legs pale yellow except dorsal aspect of hind coxe which are, as the abdominal markings, concolorous with the body. Antenne black, the scape orange yellow except above, the pedicel elongate, nearly as long as the third funicle joint which is twice longer than wide and somewhat shorter than funicle 1; club missing; first ring-joimt very short, the second large, approaching to quadrate. Mandibles 7-dentate. Fore wings distinctly embrowned but subhyaline caudo-distad, the distal margin of the brown leaving the end of the venation and running obliquely proximad to caudal margin. Scutum hispid, scutellum bare but with the usual four long sete disposed at the corners of a square, together with the postscutellum and propodeum shining yet distinctly polygonally reticulated, the areas small, the lines not raised. Propodeum plane, noncarinate. Habitat: Gordouvale (Cairns), Queensland. Forest. November 28, 1913. Type: No. Hy 2722, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Tag and slide. 4. ELASMUS DODDI Girault. A female of this species was captured in the forest, December 10, 1913 and May 4, 1914 at Gordonvale. The mandibles are 6-dentate. Funicle 1 is longest, distinctly longer than wide, a little longer than the pedicel. The apical margin of scutellum is also narrowly yellow, the pronotum black. 5. ELASMUS QUEENSLANDICUS Girault. The mandibles are 6-dentate, the fore wings indefinitely stained, the abdomen at apex not colored. One female, Gordonvale, edge of jungle, April, 1913 and one female from forest, May 23, 1914. Type re-examined. A female captured August 20 in open jungle bore a distinct dot on mesopleurum a little above the middle coxa. Type locality. 6. ELASMUS MUSCOIDES new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Very similar to ignorabilis Girault but there are not two distinct cross-stripes of orange across dorsum of abdomen, the latter wholly black with faintly indicated (three) narrow orange yellow stripes on proximal half. The legs are wholly pale yellow except dorsal edge of hind femur. Postscutellum lemon yellow in both species. In this species only the proximal three fourths of venter of abdomen is orange yellow. Head punctate in both species. Abdomen somewhat as in divinus but that species differs in color. Antenne missing. Mandibles 7-dentate (in ignorabilis about 12-dentate the teeth very fine). Caudal coxa laterad all metallic except distal end. Type of ignorabilis re-examined. Described from one female labelled ‘‘ Brisbane 10.8.13. H. Hacker.’’ Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2723, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 7. ELASMUS PAPILIO new species. Female :—Length, 1.90 mm. Similar to maculatipennis but the portion of the face just above antennez is also yellow (ventral half of face yellow), the scutellum is margined all around with lemon yellow while the posterior coxa is like that of maculatipennis biguttatus. Also the marking on the fore wing involves only the base of the postmarginal vein, is thus farther proximadd 172 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. and does not form an oblique stripe but is an indefinite blotch. Funicle 2 longer than 3, slightly shorter than 1. Mandibles 5-dentate. None of the four marginal dots on abdomen are joined transversely, the first a dot, the others wider than long. Tegule yellowish, Described from one female captured in forest, August 9, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2724, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. A second female same place a year later; the propleurum was wholly yellow. 8. ELASMUS TRIFASCIATIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Very similar to punctaticaput Girault, the head punctate but the two marginal spots on abdomen are absent, the first cross-stripe of the distal two is half or less the length of the second (subequal in the other species), the mandibles are 12-dentate. The hind and middle femora are black in both species. Funicle 1 somewhat longer than 2 or 3, one and a half times longer than wide, much longer than the pedicel, the club joints 1 and 2 quadrate. Seape pallid. Fore wings obscurely infuscated distad of venation. Scutum entirely green. Described from one female caught January 5, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: WKuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2725, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 9. ELASMUS MARGISCUTELLUM Girault. One female, forest, Gordonvale, August 13, 1913. The tibize are pale yellow; the yellow distal margin of scutellum was interrupted at meson in this specimen, distal fourth (or nearly) of abdomen dark>metallic green, preceded ‘by three pairs of marginal spots. Distal half of cephalic femur pale. Head punctate. 10. ELASMUS DUBIUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.85 mm. Same as cyaneus but dark metallic green, the legs very dark brown, the postseutellum ‘jemon yellow; cephalic knees and tibiew pale yellow; mandibles 6-dentate. Antennz not seen. Scutellum with the usual several bristles. Fore wings lightly dusky throughout. From one female caught in forest, January 8, 1914. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2726, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 11. ELASMUS PICTURATUS new species. Similar to uniguttatus Girault but there is a rather broad stripe across the base of the abdomen, the metallic coloration on the pronotum continues back to the secutum, the propodeum is wholly dark metallic green (not merely broadly down the meson) and most of the upper edge of hind coxa distad similarly colored and with a metallic spot cephalad near base (dorsal aspect; only a basal dot. present in the other species). The fore wings are slightly, suffusedly infuscated. Both species bear a metallic rather broad cross-stripe at upper half of occiput this joining centrally the black area on the vertex. Antenne and mandibles similar. Funiecle joints decreasing slightly in length distad, 1 being one and a half times longer than its width, distinctly longer than the short pedicel. Large metallic area of mesopleurum narrowly joined to the tegula (isolated in the other species). Types compared. ; From one female caught by sweeping along forest streamlet bordered with jungle, May 6, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2727, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. . AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I1I.—GIRAULT. 173: 12. ELASMUS PICTUS new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Similar to xigriscutellum Girault but the black spot on vertex is isolated from the eyes, the ochreous yellow uniform and the tip of the abdomen broadly dark metallic green (distal third or not quite). Otherwise similar. Mandibles 5-dentate. Meson of propodeum,. the area around the spiracle and center of dorsal edge of hind coxa dark metallic. Occiput yellow dorso-laterad. Cephalic margin of pronotum at meson metallic green. From one female caught with picturatus. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2728, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 18. ELASMUS HAECKELI new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Lemon yellow, the abdomen orange yellow, the legs pale yellow except dorsal edge (but not at base) of hind coxa which is metallic green. Upper half of occiput except extreme: dorso-lateral corner; center of vertex; pronotum except caudo-lateral corner; scutum except two yellow eye-like spots caudo-laterad each just cephalad of the axille; each parapside’ except caudad, the caudal yellow portion forming a large suboval yellow spot just laterad ef the one on the scutum and narrowly separated from it (thus four spots in pairs, trans- versely, cephalad of scutellum) ; propodeum, a tolerably broad stripe across base of abdomen, extreme tip of abdomen and a narrower stripe just cephalad; and a large, non-isolated rounded area in center of mesopleurum, metallic dark green tinged with purplish. The yellow base of dorsal edge of hind coxa appears to be a lateral yellow part of the propodeum from dorsal aspect. Fore wing with a stain under the distal third of marginal vein, the area rectangular, not very distinct. Scape yellow, metallic along much of dorsal edge; rest of antenna brown; second ring-joint large; funicle joints long, 1 longest, twice longer than wide, the other two shortening somewhat in succession, club 1 distinctly longer than club 2, longer than the pedicel, subequal to funicle 3. Mandibles 5-dentate. From one female caught in forest pocket, September 12, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2729, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 14. ELASMUS UNGUTTATIVENTRIS new species. Female:—Length, 2.40 mm. Very dark metallic green, the head punctate, the postscutellum lemon yellow, the legs white or nearly, the dorsal edge of hind coxe concolorous. Abdomen orange yellow, with -a rather broad metallic green stripe across immediate base and a rounded spot just before: tip as in wniguttata. Wings subhyaline. Tip of abdomen concolorous with rest of abdomen, tip of valves of ovipositor black. Scutum hispid. Seutellam finely scaly, with only the few long sete. Scape pale, rest of antenne brown; funicle joints 2 and 3 subequal, a little shorter than 1 which is longer than the pedicel and about one and three fourths times longer: than wide. Mandibles apparently 4 or 5-dentate, not very plainly seen. From one female caught by sweeping along forest streamlet, June 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2730, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen ona tag. 15. ELASMUS FLAVINOTUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.65 mm. Exactly similar to punctaticaput Girault but the color is darker; base of cephalic: ecxa metallic, fore wings hyaline, base of abdonien somewhat less broadly green, the two: 174 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. marginal spots wider than long not round; also the mandibles are only 6-dentate. Differing notably in the distinctly shorter funicle joints of which 1 is somewhat longer than wide, subequal to the pedicel, longest, 3 being a little longer than wide. Scape white. Both species bear a transverse yellow marking just across, and cephalad of, the tegula as in divinus. From one female captured in forest, April 3, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2731, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, head on a slide. 16. ELASMUS STELLATUS Girault. Lemon yellow, the abdomen orange yellow; marked with black as in nigriscutellum except that the short lateral extension of the central black of vertex does not reach the eyes, the scutellum is margined (except at base) with yellow, very narrowly around apex; distal half of dorsal edge of hind coxa and a dot at base of dorsal edge black. Abdomen the same but near tip with a small round black spot at meson as in wniguttatus. Odcciput with a rather narrow black looped stripe across at dorsal third, eye to eye. Extreme cephalic apex of neck of pronotum black. Tip of valves of ovipositor black but not of abdomen. Allied with wiigutatlus but may be distinguished at once by having the scutellum mostly black and the apex of pronotum more narrowly so. The minute black dot on each margin of scutum absent, only visible on one side in the type. Funicles 2 and 3 subequal, a little shorter than 1 which is over twice longer than wide. In the type, the seutum was ochreous and quite as described for nigriscutellum. A female captured in forest, April 12, 1914, Gordonvale. Compared with type. 17. ELASMUS MURWILLUMBAHENSIS new species. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Dark metallic green, the postscutellum lemon yellow, the legs white except dorsal third of caudal coxa, the abdomen orange yellow except rather broadly at tip (dorsad and yentrad), dorsad a cross-stripe preceding the apical metallic coloration; also a rather broad metallic green stripe across base of abdomen followed by a triangular marginal spot. Tegule lemon yellow. The pair of marginal spots on abdomen are closer to the proximal green than to the cross-stripe. The distal green dorsad of abdomen occupies about distal fourth. Caudal wings very broad. Fore wings distinctly infusecated indefinitely from the minute stigmal vein. Pedicel subequal to funicle 3 which is shortest, a little longer than wide, 1 longest, one and two thirds times longer than wide. Mandibles about 15-dentate. Scape white, dusky ubove at tip, rest of antenna black. Head punctate. Thorax clothed usually. Described from one female caught by miscellaneous sweeping, May 11, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Murwillumbah, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2732, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 18. ELASMUS CONSUMMATUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.20 mm. Orange yellow, the following parts very dark metallic green or black: Head, middle coxa above at base, neck of pronotum, axilla, a small marginal spot on each side of abdomen at base, a larger one at apex of proximal third, not quite distal fourth of abdomen (some- what less ventrad), prepectus, mesopleurum, proximal, dorsal half of caudal coxa, and dorsal edge of caudal femur. Mandibles 6-dentate. Funicle 1 distinctly longer than the pedicel which is rather long; scape yellow, flagellum black; funicle 1 two and a half times AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, I1I.—GIRAULT. 1 “1 Cr lenger than wide, 2 a little shorter. Head punctate. Seutellum nearly naked, scutum hispid, postscutellum lemon yellow. Propodeum black. Wings wholly, lightly infuseated, clear distad of postmarginal vein. Hind wings hyaline. Hind tibiz with the usual pattern. From one female caught by sweeping jungle (?), June 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Grafton, New South Wales. n Type: No. Hy 2735, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 19. ELASMUS FICTUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Like uwniguttatus but at once differing in lacking the large black spot on mesopleurum, the black on propodeum and the proximal (dorsal) fourth of caudal coxa is black except caudad; from picturatus differs markedly in lacking the basal stripe across dorsal abdomen, the black on pronotum and the large area on mesopleurum. Tip of abdomen, axille, tegule, the round spot on abdomen near tip, ocellar area and a black area on occiput from ‘the eyes on each side (not forming a cross-stripe) are black or dark metallic green. These are all the markings except the caudal coxa as noted. In wniguttatus the tip of the abdomen is not black. Head with seattered rather small punctures. Hind tibiw with the usual pattern. Wings subhyaline. Scape yellow, flagellum black. Funicle joints subequal to each other and the pedicel, about a third longer than wide. Mandibles 5-dentate. Seutellum scaly, naked (except for the few large isolated setzx). From one female caught sweeping forest uplands, May 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Maclean, Clarence River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2734, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag with type uniguttatus. 20. ELASMUS FLAVIOS new species. Female :—Length, 1.80 mm. Similar to ignorabilis but at least two thirds of the caudal coxw are metallic (only about the dorsal third in that species), the two stripes across the abdomen are not so distinct, darker orange and closer together, about across the middle, the metallic coloration of dersum of abdomen between the stripes does not invade the lateral aspect as distinctly so in ignorabilis; there is a yellow dot just mesad of tegula and the oral area up to antennal insertion is lemon yellow. Otherwise colored the same or nearly. Scutellum finely reticulated. Scutum hispid, head punctate as usual. Scape white, dusky dorsad; flagellum black. Pedicel shorter than any funicle joint. Funicle joints subequal, each somewhat longer than wide, 1 slightly longer than the other two; all are stout. Mandibles 7-dentate. Wings hyaline in both species. Compared with type of ignorabilis. From one female caught in forest, May 2, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2755, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag with type of ignorabilis. Differs most notably from muscoides in having the yellow oral area and the yellow dot just mesad of tegula. 21. ELASMUS FASCIATIPES new species. Female :—Length, 2.10 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdomen orange yellow, a little over distal third of abdomen, a broad stripe across base and three cross-stripes between them, equally distributed, very dark metallic. Postscutellum lemon yellow. Cox dark metallic except distal third of last two pairs. Legs otherwise white except dorsal edge of last two pairs of femora and a 176 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. narrow black stripe across at distal two thirds of each, that of the hind femur interrupted’ very broadly centrally. Funicle 1 somewhat longer than wide, 3 a little longer than wide, longer than the pedicel. Sculpture and clothing as usual. Wings hyaline. Mandibles 7-dentate.. From one female caught in forest, August 2, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2736, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 22. ELASMUS BIGUTTATUS Girault. Raised to specific rank from maculatipennis. The scutellum is as in splendidus and the hind coxa is metallic only in middle of dorsal edge thinly. In this species and maculati- pennis, there is an occipital yellow spot on vertex as in splendidus and the propleurum is more or less (sometimes wholly) lemon yellow joined to the yellow spot of pronotum. In biguttatus, there are two marginal dots out from the proximal stripe on abdomen. In a variety captured in the type locality, December 18, 1912, there was only the first and this very small. This variety is united with the type of biguttatus and is named binotatus new variety. It differs also from the typical form in having the entire dorsal margin of hind coxa broadly metallic green and the vertex wholly concolorous. 23. ELASMUS PULEXOIDES new species. Female:—Exactly similar to trifasciativentris but the mandibles 6-dentate, the cephalic femora black along proximal half and the abdomen has three stripes between the proximal and distal metallic portions, the third stripe not as broad as the corresponding one in the other species yet broader than the other two. The first and second stripes are farther from each other than the second and third are from each other; the third is coneaved at meson of its proximal margin. The metailie distal part is longer here and very faintly divided by orange at its proximal fourth forming an indistinct fourth stripe. Funicle joints a little longer than the pedicel, each somewhat longer than wide. Wings hyaline in both species. or practically so. From one female caught in jungle, August 20, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2737, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 24. ELASMUS DIVINUS Girault. In the original description, antea, p. 134, line 10, proximal read distal; line 11, after and insert proximal half of hind. 25. ELASMUS ACUMINATUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.60 mm. Abdomen pointed conical, two thirds longer than the thorax Very dark metallic green, the abdomen black, metallic blue at base. Legs and scape white; proximal (dorsal) fourth of hind coxa, dorsal edge of hind femur and ventral edge of same at distal third, black. Abdomen reddish yellow along meson of venter for proximal two thirds. Distal edge of mesopostscutellum lemon yellow. Fore wings indefinitely, lightiy infuseated along apex of venation. Mandibles 6-dentate. Otherwise as in lividus (in lividus, the cephalic coxe are white except at base). Funicle joints long and subequal, about twice longer than wide or nearly, each longer than the pedicel. Club joints each a little shorter in succession, the first somewhat shorter than any funicle joint. From one female caught in jungle, June 3, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2738, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. Napiratnias aywisortees, i. dt mayne Wis AE hae ooh? a yy . Ad ined nena, A Soiiiciia ) ‘Shy ans 48 penretain Oo we me Vat ees. td em (en Gr /ipduritind, ae Kovtoe Avedyqil Vids yer yet i PGP OMA EA ep i : ; eats aremel be Howe Meaue 2s oe i a we AAA? ieee wien Tac tee i amt fa lpatoghene Raehah. \F' te! oie Wwe foning min ahd ee ote oe Ge (hata gwl ii An fw aeere) rl to, Meu iene issn’ Prasey ‘ae Taw eye im 1m eee ; es ' 1, MurvieoA sHAk tere nnes ie ye a. , sh Yet | ditter ) trom irate te | et ue) ew ata art Oe Deghed hv pagel: p ' ut AeA © Vie wd tly eteet hl ial feysit Vata’: ool vit Oyen yi evr Pe vey ete het bye. ot; ty ein by nn colin haiPieey tie) le aiigge Wa pnw aay PER Tyee tee bea of “ihn shide) eon. (Cie male Doerr thes of wilh o Ce nah ay, tO: bo, thy Woe tie whloneeg ital Moin lealdew fan ce! wie WY whal: YW6 Bre OF MOR OE pyr, Hew. Gs fen) blade) ( acrl tie hiatal 4 Vek adaapbeyes ‘i Gite: Poon rings, “Py ae Gln 7 A, , snabuia, iho pedi “) Joneee Tian sie Ce ay Pe Head mig) is “i Tike the ewig. | i a pes aii OED > lash ae ta Wr. UL By oe es min hy werovny fepialet funy Dit ty ay) Deewin, Kevthera: Tore rey beled 4) Nay a es 2A, FOL, Y sted, ore SOR GM fatnlinl » ee. OY LP, a ee ee ebbing Flos 23.72) Tie alee eI ra, badey th WG Perce? Will Petia (wotig’s 0) OL ated YD ine Uh ats Ae 0, 6. Yor ineRtA UN ASCIATIORAY 5 macy mart ee, Ln 6% o ae ’ ei Neinaly Ly AL ee ' ‘ 7 “ at 7% Dark iwetsiie Lew, \o< Swye pies | mia « hist tert | atl renmalilys ator) a hi ) hopin Mads PNP AES ripe A tea Wweviny froin oF ‘Of thet cue ee ee 91 gmat ‘-yniny Fan’ athgkt hy RTRs I Gini! HET, a pivdetiara! bie a heats: bel de OR 4 my ) ati oti itty hie aiera? Mian, ie epliyy Ae Oy ita. Nieves —— in he Rcrpeewstteh, Theat Dieaah ivteinan Goh) uly, ite whsAaedna, blchs eed, sont A Rah Mee CUR AN roel HR ah ee Wetty “Bevan wath wri tycied en, tee? wt Lantihas with ently ubses found of these, Pepe hone ri ht ee fice te dev 4¢ $d weal ishing, Wemeat yy, Mirren hiipetamy, the wand | wim § " es tty Seta, (haly whitish: paiilve hy Tange ed ay Wigs th aye (rds. poring. 9 mite non aa. mith ine bhentpn) ie vai # At; ( woe Tipe atpiat ty ow ae € rire ‘ i whintes al rate , i TXOUDES , iy i 4 t Viren ot ee | f 7 4 | i rit > a) i a } ’ Agua? LAL LM) honda by patndliv: Tultia aa. vdeo al Miaka Fie? ee hPa ine’ rE} SOA, a yO DG, iv baad aes toiare Nahe hs : Viva Liat, Me ntieatey, oy Sah 0348 AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA. CHALCIDOIDEA, III—GIRAULT. 177 GENUS EURYISCHIA Koebele. This genus is accredited to Riley by de Dalla Torre (1898) and others with the remark that it was not described. Later, Koebele figured the type species (lestophoni) which was apparently named by Howard. Hence Huryischia lestophont Howard a nomen nudum becomes Euryischia lestophoni Koebele. The genus not becoming valid until its genotype was described must be accredited to Koebele (1890). There are two ring-joints in the antenne. 1. EURYISCHIA SHAKESPEAREI Girault. This species differs from melancholica Girault in the bearing of a longitudinal patch of discal cilia under the distal half and base of the submarginal vein separated from the rest of the cilia by an oblique hairless line; in having but three long bristles from the break of the same vein (in melancholica there are two in a row longitudinally, two on the spur of the submarginal vein besides three small sete of which two are on the vein spur, one isolated on the blade); and in the characteristic infuscation of the fore wing. It is also less robust, the pedicel longer. There are two ring-joints. Head sculptured like the thorax. Types of both species re-examined. Mr. G. F. Hill has sent me several females from Port Darwin, Northern Territory, labelled ‘‘ No. 30. Oct. 10, 1913 ’? and one male, five females, same data and ‘‘ No. 24. From same species of coccid as No. 15.’? The male is like the female. The species was reared with Aneristus fumosipennis G. and D. 2. EURYISCHIA UNFASCIATIPENNIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Dark metallic blue, the wings clear but with a distinct sooty cross-stripe nearly as in inopinata Masi except that the stripe is broader being from all of the marginal and stigmal veins (and slightly distad of the latter, its proximal margin straight but oblique and eoter- minous with the discal ciliation, the distal margin convex); bristles as in inopinata. Thorax and abdomen finely scaly, the abdomen conic-ovate, somewhat longer than the rest of the body. Scutum with sparse bristles, the scutellum with only about four of them. Propodeum sculptured like the rest of the thorax (finely lined). Mandibles bidentate, the second tooth truncate. Club whitish; pedicel much longer than any of the funicle joints, twice the length of 3 which is quadrate, 1 shortest, a little wider than long, 2 longest, somewhat longer than wide, 3 widest, next longest; proximal club joint longest. Second ring-joint partly hidden. Antenne inserted just below the ventral ends of the eyes. Head finely reticulated like the thorax. Knees, tibie and proximal three tarsal joints white. Hind tibial spur single; hind coxa long and conical, not flat and circular as in swmneri, nigra and melancholica. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in forest, December 10, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2740, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind leg on a slide. 3. EURYISCHIA UNMACULATA new species. Female. Length, 1.40 mm. Like wnmaculatipennis Girault but the round fuscous spot against the stigmal vein is somewhat larger, the fore wings are narrower, the first funicle joint is a little longer than wide and the mandibles are bidentate, the second tooth truncate, not with three distinct teeth as in the other species. The coxa in both species are as in EHlasmus. Head finely circularly striate. Wing bristles as in inopinata Masi. Fore wings somewhat infuscated distad of venation to apex. Scutum densely hairy, the scutellum nearly naked. Distal two funicle joints wider than long. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Forest. November 1, 1913. Type: No. Hy 2741, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Tag and slide. M 178 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. GENUS EURYISCHOMYIA Girault. Like Euryischia but the parapsidal furrows are complete; the hind coxw are enlarged but cylindrical ovate as in some species of Huryischia. Tarsi 5-jointed. The male is similar but with an obtuse abdomen. 1. EURYISCHOMYIA WASHINGTONI Girault. Female, male. Genotype. Length, 1 mm. Slender, the abdomen conic-ovate. Very dark metallic green; legs (except caudal coxe and femora) and tegule pale lemon yellow. Fore wings with a clearly delimited, broad, jet black band across them under the marginal and most of postmarginal veins, its distal margin just reaching apex of stigmal vein, its proximal margin nearly straight. Wings hyaline. Scutum with hardly more sete than the scutellum which is nearly naked, the sparse sete whitish. Thorax finely scaly. Mandibles bidentate, the second tooth broadly truncate. Two ring-joints, the three funicle joints subquadrate. Not more than two bristles under submarginal vein. Hind femur compressed. The male is similar. Outer angle of second tooth of mandible acute. One female was captured by sweeping in forest, Townsville, January 19, 1913. The type locality is Pentland (January 8, 1913). Habitat: Capeville (Pentland) and Townsville, Queensland. ‘Forest. Type: No. Hy 2742, Queensland Museum, Brisbane. 2, EURYISCHOMYIA FLAVITHORAX new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.40 mm. Abdomen jet black; thorax deep orange yellow except most of the short black pronotum which is lemon yellow at lateral angles and the postscutellum and propodeum which are transverse and lemon yellow, the suture between them black. Head lemon yellow as are also the legs and antenne and thoracic pleura. Hind coxe blackish. Thorax finely reticulated. Wings hyaline. Mandibles tridentate, the third tooth really a truncation from the second which forms the acute inner angle of the apex. Postmarginal vein somewhat longer than the stigmal. Somewhat similar to saintpierrei Girault. Funicle 3 largest, all wider than long. Obscure white marginal spots on base of abdomen. Male :—Not known. Described from three females taken by sweeping forest, December 1 and 3, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonyale (Cairns), Queensland. Types: No. Hy 2744, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one female on a tag, the head, a hind tibia and another female on a slide. On March 2, 1914 a female was captured at Cooktown in forest (A. P. Dodd). 3. EURYISCHOMYIA SAINTPIERREI new species. Female :—ULength, 1.30 mm. Running to Anysis Howard in the Eunotine but the antenne clavate and 10-jointed with two ring-joints, the club 3-jointed; scutellum flat and hardly differentiated from the propodeum, not as long as the scutum which bears complete parapsidal furrows. Wings as in Euryischia of the Elasmidw but the large bristles absent; hind coxe enlarged but cylindrical. Second abdominal segment (dorsad) hardly as long as the others, not a fifth of the surface, the abdomen short and stout. Hind tibiz with stiff bristles dorsad, the femora stout. Wings hyaline. Propodeum apparently without carine. Pedicel subelongate. Abdomen black, thorax and head yellowish brown, the propodeum black; legs brownish black, the knees, tibize and tarsi lemon yellow; antennz brownish yellow, the three funicle AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, III.—GIRAULT. 179 joints much wider than long, the first shorter and narrower but much larger than the ring-joint. Mandibles tridentate, weak. Male :—Unknown. From one specimen from the Queensland Museum, unlabelled. Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2743, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the ‘head and hind legs on a slide. All yellow species of Hlasmus have the peculiar arrangement of black spines on the caudal tibia; the arrangement does not seem to differ specifically. The variation in the mandibles is a good specific character and species may differ only in this. Species of Hlasmus and Luryischia do not shrivel upon drying but the head (which is punctate in all of my species -of Hlasmus) must be removed and crushed in balsam in order to see the mandibles. The following species of the family appear to be common in their respective habitats: Elasmus splendidus, formosus, queenslandicus and margiscutellum; Euryischia shakespearei -and Euryischomyia washington. ADDITIONAL STATEMENT ON MYMARIDAE. The following new species was described just too late to be included within the second “supplement to this family: GENUS PARANAPHOIDEA Girault. 1. PARANAPHOIDEA NIGRICLAVA new species. Female :—Length, 0.92 mm. Ovipositor only slightly extruded. Jet, the antennz except the club and the legs, except hind coxe and femora, pale -whitish yellow; postscutellum contrasting brilliant golden. Fore wings hyaline but distinctly infuscated from base out about to end of marginal vein, the stigmal vein as in Stethyniwm. ‘Seutum with a distinct median groove, the postscutellum with three, one median. Thorax not rudely sculptured, smooth or nearly. Fore wings with about eighteen lines of cilia where widest, rather slender, rounded at apex, the discal ciliation disappearing some distance distad of venation (over length of marginal vein distad), the longest marginal cilia only a third the greatest wing width. Club of antenna contrasting in color with the funicle (much more so than with caudata). Funicles 1-3 and 5 narrower than the other two, 2 and 3 -subequal, each a little longer than wide, 1 subquadrate, 5 slightly longer and wider than 2; funicle 4 subequal to 6, longest, somewhat longer than wide, subequal in length to the pedicel. Venation dusky black. Club divided about the middle. Hind wings with only a “paired line of discal cilia along each margin, their caudal marginal cilia somewhat longer than the greatest width of the blade and a little longer than the longest marginal cilia of “the fore wing. Club rather large. Hind tibial spur single, not especially long. From one female caught in forest, June, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Burnett Heads, Southern Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2739, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. In this genus, the axille are normal, scutellum wider than long, shorter than the ~postscutellum. These observations should be added: Enasius Enock differs from Erythmelus Enock in haying all the funicle joints much ‘longer than wide and the scape longer and more slender. The groups must be considered valid until shown to the contrary. They differ in thoracic structures from allied genera, a fact -overlooked in their original descriptions. Of the Australian species of Anaphes, as a consequence of the recognition of the Enockian genera, wallacei, lapacei and spinozai are Enasius; kantti, mazzinii and painet sare Hrythmelus. The sole species of Anaphes is thus saintpierret. 180 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA—IV. SUPPLEMENT,” By A. A. GIRAULT. MAGNIFICATION as previously. See these Memoirs, II, pp. 140-296. Famity KULOPHIDA. SuBFAMILY ENTEDONINA. TRIBE HNTEDONINI. GENUS PLEUROTROPOPSEUS Girault. 1. PLEUROTROPOPSEUS PURPUREUS Girault. The propodeal median carina is not very strong and has a weak suleus on each side of it. The V-shaped lateral carina is deeply sulcated mesad along its complete mesal arm; the apex of the V is at the caudo-lateral angle of propodeum and the lateral arm forms the earinated lateral margin of propodeum. ‘The minute spiracle is just a little caudad of cephalic margin and at the mesal edge of the groove; therefore, the latter and the carina forming its lateral edge are laterad of the spiracle and thus no true lateral carine are present. Axille nearly cephalad of scutellum, the parapsidal furrows only two thirds. complete from cephalad and like sutures. Thorax faintly scaly, the parapsides mostly smooth but with long wrinkles caudo-mesad, scaly like the scutum cephalo-laterad. Abdomen subsessile. Tips of tibiz whitish. Type re-examined. Genus APLEUROTROPIS Girault. 1. APLEUROTROPIS VIRIDIS Girault. The parapsidal furrows (or more properly caudo-mesal parapsidal impressions) are wide: and shallow, abruptly narrowing cephalad, subglabrous. Axille barely advanced. Propodeum nearly smooth. Petiole distinctly longer than wide. Postmarginal vein nearly thrice the length of the stigmal. Pronotum glabrous, its cephalic margin with a line of coarse fovew across it,, its neck shagreened. Segment 2 of abdomen short. Venation pale brown. From the type. NEODEROSTENUS new genus. For diagnosis, see antea, p. 144. 1. NEODEROSTENUS AUSTRALIENSIS new species. Female. Genotype. Length, 1.10 mm. Abdomen coppery blue. Propodeum smoother than rest of the thorax. Petiole of abdomen short. Postmarginal vein subequal to stigmal, both short. Club terminating in a rather long stout seta; funicle 1 longer than the pedicel, a little shorter than 2 or 3, somewhat longer than wide. Flagellum narrowing distad. Mandibles tridentate. Hind wings. short, pointed where widest with about seven lines of discal cilia. Spot on fore wing large. Propodeum much wider than long. Middle tibial spur long and slender, the hind one short. (For rest of description, see place cited.) From a female captured in jungle, May 15, 1913. 1 For additions, see Part XIV. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 181 GENUS PLEUROTROPOMYTA Girault. 1, PLEUROTROPOMYIA LACTEICOXA new species. Female :—Length, 0.85 mm. Like the genotype but much less robust and the petiole and the coxw are white also. The median groove of scutum is shorter, along distal third (along distal half in the genotype). The antenne in both species are much alike. Mandibles 4-dentate. Hind tibial spur a little long and stout, as long as the first tarsal joint of hind legs which, however, is not especially long. Compared with type of grotiusi. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping along edge of jungle, June 3, 1913. Habitat: Gordonyvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2475, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head and hind tibie on a slide. 2. PLEUROTROPOMYIA NEOSCUTELLUM new species. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Almost exactly similar to the genotype but more brassy especially the scutellum and the segments of the abdomen after the second are longer, 3 and 4 for instance when combined as long as 2 (somewhat shorter in grotiusi); also in these abdominal segments, the single transverse row of pubescence is along the cephalic margin in grotiusi but here it is central or across the middle. Both species bear a distinct spiracular sulcus which originates just cephalo- laterad of the minute spiracle; the axille in both and the triangular caudo-mesal corner of each parapside are glabrous, also the postscutellum. The sulcus along meson of scutum in each is about half the length of the scutum from caudad. Segment 7 of abdomen in both next longest after 2 which occupies about a fourth of the surface. Hind tibial spur rather long and stout. Compared with type of genotype. Male :—Not known. Described from two females captured by sweeping in forest, November 5, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2476, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one of the above specimens on a tag (minus head). GENUS PLEUROTROPPOPSIS Girault. In antea, p. 154, table of genera, line 13, maculipennis should read maculatipennis. In the genotype the pronotum appears double owing to an obtuse cross-ridge a little beyond middle; it is glabrous but with a row of long sete from small setigerous punctures, the sete reclined and directed caudad over the scutum; this row of setigerous punctures is cephalad of the cross-ridge. The wedge-shaped caudal part of each parapsidal furrow is glabrous. Scutum with a few of the very long setw# and one from about the middle of the wedge of the parapsidal furrow. Axille barely advanced, glabrous. Lateral margin of ‘seutellum carinated, forming a narrow groove just inside of the carina. From the type. Genus HORISMENOIDES Girault. Female :—With the form of the proctotrypoid genus Hadronotus but the abdomen still broader. Venation, antennew and mandibles as in Amestocharis Girault; ring-joints distinct. Parapsidal furrows short but distinct, cephalad only; scutum with a complete, conspicuous median sulcus. Scutellum simple, its cephalic margin triangularly advanced, the axilla obtuse- ‘conically advanced into the scutum, wholly cephalad of the scutellum. Propodeum very ‘short, with a median carina which is paired, apparently; lateral carine apparently present, curved. 182 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Petiole very short, the abdomen flat, broadly ovate, the second segment longest, occupying about. a third of the surface. Hind tibial spur small, single. Pronotum transverse-linear, distinctly narrower than the mesonotum. } Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. HORISMENOIDES SULFUREIVENTRIS Girault. Female:—Length, 1 mm. Short and compact. Metallie purple, the abdomen and legs lemon or sulphur yellow, the wings hyaline, the: head and thorax highly polished like the surface of tar; ocelli in a triangle, the lateral ones: distinctly over their own diameter from the eyes which are naked. Scutellum at latero-cephalic corner with a series of short, oblique, more or less parallel strie# as if the corner was wrinkled; these are just caudad of the axilla. Petiole of abdomen, scape except above, pedicel and second (ast) funicle joint purplish; rest of antenna pale lemon yellow; funicle 2 slightly longer than 1, somewhat longer than wide, shorter than the pedicel, longer than the first two club joints: (separately); terminal spur of club distinct but not as long as the third (distal) joint, which bears it. Antenne inserted below the middle of the face. Described from four females captured by sweeping in a jungle pocket, November 16,. 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Types: No. Hy 2477, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, three of the above on a tag and two heads, two hind tibiz on a slide. A female at Cooktown, Queensland, jungle, March 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). In the original description, antea, p. 153, footnote, line 1, awille advanced cephalad of scutum should read axille advanced wholly cephalad of scutellum. GENUS AMESTOCHARIS Girault. The species goondiensis is the genotype. 1. AMESTOCHARIS NYMPHA Girault. Antea, p. 148, in the original description, it is stated that funicle 2 is barely longer than 3 and not tapering at apex as much as in concoloripes. Funicles 1 and 2 are meant,. respectively. A. AMESTOCHARIS NYMPHA PERSIMILIS new variety. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Exactly similar to nympha but the first funicle joint is as in concoloripes, that is, tapers: toward apex and is plainly longer than the second (the two are subequal in nympha), the raandibles are somewhat broader. Otherwise, I cannot distinguish between them. Both varieties. bear broad fore wings. The parapsidal furrows are represented by mere depressions caudad in both. Male:—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in virgin jungle (or else from a. window), December 30, 1911. Habitat: Yungaburra, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2478, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the: head and hind legs on a slide. Later, two females were found from Proserpine, Queensland, captured by sweeping the: dry bed of the Proserpine River, November 3, 1912. The vertex was nearly smooth, the face: lined polygonally. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 183 2. AMESTOCHARIS CARINISCUTUM new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Characterised by bearing on distal part of scutum a distinct median carina, the surround- ing surface glabrous and sunk below the level of the rest. Also by having only the tibie and tarsi white or yellowish white. Dark metallic green, the abdomen blue, the wings hyaline. Scape white; pedicel subequal to funicle 2 which is a little shorter than funicle 1 which is cylindrical oval, somewhat longer than wide; club longer than the funicle, its first joint subequal] to funicle 1, its terminal joint with a long stout terminal spine or projection. Club well defined. Hind tibial spur long and stout, single. Second segment of abdomen occupying two thirds of the surface. Eyes occupying most of the cheeks, the antennz inserted on a level with their ventral ends, near the mouth. Mandibles with two acute teeth. Vertex glabrous, the face concave. Pronotum glabrous; scutum coarsely polygonally scaly, at distal third or more abruptly glabrous and with a median carina; a large isolated seta on each side of this carina about the center of the subquadrate glabrous area on each side (the area is between the parapsidal furrows, extending to their cephalic ends, the furrows being abbreviated, not half the length of the scutum). Scutellum with long, coarse polygons. Second abdominal segment and propodeum glabrous. Regular polygons on scutellum around mesal apex. Described from one female caught by sweeping a jungle-lined forest streamlet, June 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2479, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, head on a slide. 3. AMESTOCHARIS GOONDIENSIS Girault. A female at Gordonvale, Queensland, April 16, 1913 from jungle. The cephalic femur is subconcolorous. 4. AMESTOCHARIS SULCATUS new species. Hind tibial spurs long and stout. Dorsal abdomen distad of segment 2 with very few setze, these isolated. Similar to goondiensis with the type of which I have compared it but differing in being rosaceous coppery; the abdomen very dark green, the abdominal petiole is distinctly shorter and stouter, barely longer than wide (in the genotype a half longer than wide), the elongate fovea or median sulcus at base of scutellum is somewhat longer (four times longer than wide) and on the propodeum there is a distinct, short, oblique carina running from the carinated caudal margin a short distance laterad of meson running meso-cephalad across the corner and turning abruptly mesad to the nearer arm of the median carina. Cephalic femora all white. Axille glabrous in both species. Club with a stout curved terminal spine. Pedicel shorter than either funicle joint, the latter narrowing cephalad, a half longer than wide, subequal, longer than the club joints; the latter each somewhat longer than wide, the club slightly longer than the funicle. Petiole shagreened. Meso-caudal end of parapside glabrous. Cephalic margin of pronotum with rather long sete, each widely separated. From one female caught in jungle, May 4, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2480, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind tibia on a slide. Genus ENTEDONELLA Girault. 1. ENTEDONELLA MAGNIFICA Girault and Dodd. Length, 3 mm. Brilliant metallic purple; coxz concolorous, antennz (except scape) concolorous; rest of legs and antennal scape bright golden yellow. Segment 2 of abdomen eoual to a fifth of the surface, the petiole quadrate, the abdomen short and stout. Funicle 1 distinctly longer than pedicel, nearly twice as long as wide; 2 and 3 subequal, shorter than 1, 184 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. no longer than pedicel, club as long as funicle 1; first club joint the longer, as long as last funicle joint. Hind tibial spur long and stout. Distal club joint with a nipple. First ring- joint large. Parapsidal furrows complete. Propodeum glabrous. Sulcus on each side of median carina with carinated lateral margins. No lateral carine. Habitat: Croydon, Queensland. November 30, 1908 (S. W. Fulton). No. 20. Type: In the National Museum, Melbourne. A female on a tag, the head and hind Jegs on a slide. A large sulcus near lateral margin of propodeum contains the spiracle. It is incomplete and enlarges cephalad. GENUS PELOROTELOPSELLA Girault. This genus is in a wrong place in the table of genera previously. See following. 1. PELOROTELOPSELLA ALBIGENU new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Very similar to the type species, genw Girault, but the thorax is more coarsely punctate, the abdomen is distinctly longer than its greatest width (barely so in genw), the second segment occupying less than a fourth of the surface, its caudal margin somewhat convex (quite straight in genu). From two females caught by sweeping in forest, February 19, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2482, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. The lateral suleus of propodeum in genw is foveate and originates just mesad of the spiracle. GENUS PSEUDACRIAS Girault. 1. PS9EUDACRIAS QUINQUECARINATUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Meson of propodeum plainly tricarinate. Head and thorax brilliant reddish coppery, the abdomen black, its second segment occupying half of the surface. Proximal three tarsal joints white. Separated from micans and quadricarinatus by bearing one more propodeal carina, from chalybs by having the second abdominal segment distinctly longer and the pedicel is not much shorter than funicle 1; from salvus it differs in general coloration, being metallic— the pronotum is sculptured in that species and the scaly sculpture of the seutum is polygonal, not forming diamonds as in this species. Thus, closest to @neus but that species has the pronotum finely reticulated (smooth here, no sculpture visible at same magnification but the face of the pronotum is polygonally scaly, distinctly so) and the fore wings are distinctly broader yet broad in this species. In this new species, the scutellum laterad longitudinally striate, smoother along the meson, the striz not numerous and anastomosing only at long intervals. No distinct polygonal sculpture on scutellum. Mandibles bidentate. Abdomen polished, the petiole opaque. The second club joint is longer than in e@neus, the antenne slightly less stout. Head beneath antenna smooth or nearly. Petiole longer than wide. From one female caught by sweeping jungle, Kuranda, May 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda and Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2483, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, head on a slide (Kuranda). Several females were reared from cockroach eggcases from jungle, Babinda, Queensland, February, 1914. The color of the thorax varies from brilliant rosaceous to rather dark green (A. P. Dodd). AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 185 2. PSEUDACRIAS CHALYBS Girault. Antea, p. 150, most of the generic diagnosis (exceptionally) refers to this species and not to the genotype which was included later. Pronotum polished except along cephalic margin; there is a broad smooth path down the meson of scutellum but laterad on this sclerite there are long polygons formed by reticulation. Abdominal petiole a little wider than long. 3. PSEUDACRIAS SALVUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Black, the wings hyaline, the tips of the tibize and the tarsi white; segment 2 of abdomen occupying about half the surface, the abdomen slender, flat. Propodeum tricarinate at the meson. Pro- and mesonotum polygonally reticulated, the scutellum longitudinally striate. Cephalic half of parapsidal furrows obsolete or nearly, caudad plainly indicated by depressions just mesad of each axilla. Joints 2 and 3 of funicle plainly wider than long, the first club joint slightly so, funicle 1 globular. Antenne wholly black. Abdomen dorsad finely reticulated. Nandibles with two distinct outer teeth. Spur on club prominent. Male :—Unknown. Described from one female captured from the foliage of an imported citron tree in a clearing near the jungle, October 29, 1912. Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 3458, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag. ENTEDONOMYIA new genus. Female :—Head normal, the vertex broad, the antenne 9-jointed with two ring-joints, the club solid, the funicle 4-jointed, the joints petiolate. Pronotum distinct, transverse, the parapsidal furrows complete. The scutellum simple, the propodeum with lateral carine and two median carine which diverge somewhat and which are rather widely separated. Post- marginal and stigmal veins very short. Petiole of abdomen distinctly longer than wide, the second abdominal segment occupying about half the surface, the others short. Hind tibial ‘spur single, long and stout. Male:—Not known. 1. ENTEDONOMYIA PLATONI new species. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 1.15 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdomen blue, the wings hyaline; tibia and tarsi pale yellowish. Second abdominal segment and propodeum glabrous; rest of abdomen scaly, the petiole densely sc. Thorax coarsely polygonally scaly, a small triangular area at meson of base of scutellum glabrous; on each side of this there is an appearance of longitudinal converging striation which distad farther gives way to the scaliness. Scutum with long yellowish hairs (six or so). Pedicel small, oval, much smaller than any of the funicle joints, of which the first is longest, ‘somewhat longer than wide, stout, 4 a little wider than long, somewhat longer than the pedicel. From one female caught by sweeping in jungle, May 20, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2484, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and ‘hind leg on a slide. ‘* A female sweeping in forest near Cairns, December 24, 1911 (A.A.G.). Parapsidal furrows distinct.’’ (A. P. Dodd.) 186 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. EPENTEDON new genus. Female:—Head a little wider than long, the antenne inserted below the middle, 10- jointed, three ring and funicle joints, the distal joint of club terminating in the usual distinct spine. Mandibles bidentate. Propodeum distinctly tricarinate, the median carina bounded on each side by a suleus whose lateral margin is carinated, forming three converging carin# on the propodeum; lateral carinew present. Scutellum simple. Second segment of abdomen occupy- ing a third of the surface, the others much shorter. Parapsidal furrows complete, deep and distinct, narrowing cephalad. Pronotum transverse. Petiole of abdomen somewhat longer than wide. Marginal vein nearly twice the length of the submarginal, the postmarginal vein elongate, over twice the length of the sessile but long-elliptical stigmal, about a third the length of the long marginal. Hind tibial spur normal. Like Pelorotelopsella Girault but the post- marginal vein elongate, three ring-joints, lateral carine present. Like Pleurotroppopsis but the median carina of propodeum is bounded by sulci. Male :—Not known. 1. EPENTEDON UNNOTIPENNIS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.70 mm. Metallic blue-green, rather dark, the wings hyaline but with a rather large, ovate smoky brown spot appended from the knob of the stigmal vein and extending across the wing nearly to caudal margin but most distinct as a round spot under the stigma. Legs yellowish brown, the cox concolorous, the antenn# wholly concolorous; second ring-joint very short, the others large; funicle 1 longest, 3 a little larger than the pedicel, oval, shorter than 1. Second tooth of mandible truncate mesad. From one female reared from fleshy galls on gum, March 20, 1911 (F. P. Spry). Habitat: Melbourne, Victoria. Type:—In the National Museum, Melbourne, the above specimen on a tag, the head om a slide. DEROSTENOIDES new genus. Female :—Like Neoderostenus Girault but the propodeum with a curved lateral carina whose mesal side is deeply suleated. Mandibles strongly bidentate, the inner edge of the inner (mesal) tooth with five or six fine teeth like the inner teeth in the mandibles of many Elachertini. Meson of propodeum polished, convexed. Antenne with two ring-joints, the club 2-jointed, the antennsw 9-jointed, inserted somewhat below the middle of the face. Segment 2 of abdomen occupying about a fourth of the surface, longest, the petiole short. Postmarginal and stigmal veins short, subequal. Parapsidal furrows complete, extraordinarily thin, the seutum cephalad declivous, the pronotum absent (not visible from above but the suture between the pro- and mesothorax is on the neck). Hind tibial spur normal. Avxille advanced barely at all. Male :—Not known. 1. DEROSTENOIDES NEGLECTUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings stained rather deeply, the legs, scape and pedicel reddish brown (coxe metallic), the pedicel suffused with dusky. Thorax nearly black, with polygonal reticulation, the lines not raised, somewhat coarser on the scutellum which has a smooth spot centrally at base. Funicle joints more or less globular and subequal, the second a little the largest. Inner margin of first tooth of mandible minutely, slightly serrate. Pedicel longer than funicle 1. Described from one female collected by Mr. A. M. Lea. Habitat: Cairns District, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2485, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. The genus is allied with Pelorotelopsella. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 187 ZAOMMOMENTEDON new genus. Female :—In my table of genera runs to Pleurotropomyia Girault from which it differs. in bearing a complete, distinct median sulcus on the scutellum in addition to one along distal two thirds of scutum. Also the eyes occupy near the whole side of the head, the antennzx- inserted far down near the mouth, the scrobes short, forming a triangle but continued to the cephalic ocellus in the form of a long sulcus. Eyes hairy, rather coarse, not reaching to base of mandible. Postmarginal and stigmal veins unequal, the former longer, subelongate, the latter a little longer than usual, the marginal vein very long. Hind tibial spur normal.. Propodeum with distinct lateral carine only, these joining along caudal margin, the spiracle: minute, round. Lateral carina at base (cephalad) forking, a short branch running latero- caudad, mesad of the spiracle and a complete, narrow sulcus just laterad of spiracle. A pair of rather widely separated median carinz indicated at apex of propodeum by short spurs from the carinated caudal margin. Abdominal petiole slender, lounger than the hind cox. Second segment of abdomen short, somewhat longer than the others; scutellum long. Mandibles: 6-dentate! Axille barely advanced. Male :—Not known. 1. ZAOMMOMENTEDON MANDIBULARIS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Metallic blue-green, the wings hyaline, the legs (except hind coxe, other coxe not plainly seen) and scape pure white. -Pronotum, propodeum, extreme meso-caudal angles of parapside and apex of scutellum glabrous, the pronotum with a line of fovea across cephalic: edge. Head and rest of thorax polygonally lined, the lines not raised. Hind wings with about seven lines of discal cilia where broadest. Funicle joints oval, 1 a little the longest,. the pedicel still smaller. Terminal seta of club short, distinct. From one female caught in jungle, January 18, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2486, Queensiand Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head om a slide. . NEOPSEUDACRIAS new genus of A. P. Dodd. Female :—-Agreeing with Pseudacrias Girault but there are only two ring-joints, the hind tibial spur is not stout, the second abdominal segment occupies fully two thirds of the surface. Propodeum with a pair of diverging median carine and true lateral carine. Antenne: 9-jointed, the funicle 3, the club 2-jointed. Male :—Not known. 1. NEOPSEUDACRIAS SPLENDIDUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 1.75 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdomen darker, the propodeum coppery, the coxe concolorous; rest of legs and antennal scape intense lemon yellow, rest of antenne black. Wings hyaline,. the stigmal and postmarginal veins very short. Thorax finely reticulate, the reticulation in raised lines, the center and apex of scutellum smooth. Propodeum smooth. Petiole short and stout, the abdomen stout, conic-ovate. Pedicel shorter than any of the funicle joints, which are much longer than wide, the first slightly the longest, the first club joint subequal to funicle 3 and longer than 2 which terminates in a short spine. Mandibles bidentate, the teeth acute. From one female caught by sweeping foliage in jungle, May 19, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2487, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and a hind leg on a slide. 188 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. OMPHALENTEDON new genus. Female:—Like Mestocharis Foerster but the antenna with three ring-joints. 1. OMPHALENTEDON LONGUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Abdomen conical, somewhat longer than the thorax. Dark metallic genous green, the broad fore wings hyaline, the legs (except cephalic coxe) and the scape white. Petiole of abdomen brownish, wider than long. Thorax very coarsely polygonally reticulate, the lines raised, finer on cephalic seutum, the pronotum scaly. Propodeum glabrous, strongly tricarinate. Abdomen glabrous, hairy distad of segment 2 which occupies somewhat less than a fourth of the surface. Postmarginal and stigmal veins short, subequal. Hind tibial spur normal. /Parapsidal furrows along caudal half, obtuse. Axille much advanced but only about half projects cephalad of seutellum. Pronotum trans- verse-linear. Marginal vein twice the length of the submarginal. Pedicel subequal to funicle 1 which is one and a half times longer than wide, slightly longer than 2, 3 still shorter; terminal spine of club distinct, long. Club 1 subquadrate. Mandibles acutely bidentate. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured in jungle, May 29, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2488, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind leg on a slide. MESTOCHAROMYIA new genus. Genotype, Mestocharis lividus Girault. Includes Mestocharis veternosus and silvensis. Each species bears a paired median carina on the propodeum; lividus has a middle short one at base, also silvensis but the short carina is longer and split. In weternosus, the short third middle carina is absent, the propodeum at meson with two separated carine. Types re-examined. ENTEDONOPSEUS new genus. Female :—Agreeing in every particular with EHntedonomyia Girault except that the antenne bear three ring-joints and the two median carine of propodeum are close together, diverging only at apex. 1. ENTEDONOPSEUS TRICOLORIPES new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Agrees with the description of the genotype of Entedonomyia except that it is more rebust, the abdomen distad of segment 2 is coppery, the tibiw are metallic blue, orange at tip, the tarsi white, their distal joint black. Also the hairs on scutum are black, funicles 2-4 are quadrate and subequal, each much larger than the pedicel, 1 only slightly longer than wide. Club distinctly longer than any of the funicle joints. Type antenne of Entedonomyia compared. From one female taken from foliage of jungle plants, May 13, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Chindera (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2489, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and a caudal tibia on a slide. PARAHORISMENUS new genus. Female :—Like Horismenus Walker but the antenne with two ring-joints, the first large, distinet, the second moderately short yet longer than usual. Propodeum with a median carina bounded by sulci whose lateral margin is not distinctly carinated. Also in the mesal area a curved carina on each side of the meson but some distance from the median carina yet meeting the alla mb eed wads ¢20y pominy We ee beetyy, Tene loiter werinn ie Marin: mat pled sat i etyiee fi ‘3 (erinwiog & ro. 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Kd , - Meo’ - ( ieee ae ee Di +) y ’ vas wi, 4 an Paes % | y , Al 0 ‘ee j ; : ; ty AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 18 the latter at caudal end, the pair forming an oblate sphere whose axis is the median carina; this carina originates cephalad some distance from the median carina and is thin there and more or less broken. True lateral carina present but running oppositely, thus caudo-laterad; the latter carina is narrowly connected with the curved carina of the mesa! area by a cross- carina at about cephalic third. Spiracle minute, round. Scutellum with a foveate median groove, terminating at apex as a carina. Parapsidal furrows complete. Pronotum transverse linear. Caudal tibial spur single, normal. Postmarginal vein twice the length of the very small stigmal. Axille only very slightly advanced. Abdomen (in death) with its dorsal surface applied to the dorsal surface of the thorax. Scutum shorter than the scutellum,. wider than long. 1. PARAHORISMENUS SPISSIPUNCTATUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.70 mm. Dark metallic blue, the thorax with a trace of coppery; proximal three tarsal joints: white; fore wings deeply smoky from base distad nearly to apex of marginal vein, distad the infumation suffused, not clearly delimited; hind wings smoky for nearly proximal two thirds. Marginal vein about twice the length of the submarginal. Scape slender, longest; pedicel rather long, subequal to funicle 3; funicle 1 longest of the flagellum, nearly twice longer than wide, rather stout, slightly longer than 2; club 1 longer than 2, the latter with a distinct terminal spine. Caudal and intermediate tibia with stiff bristles dorsad. Abdomen flat, dorsal aspect rounded oval, segment 2 longest, occupying somewhat less than half the surface. Abdomen and propodeum glabrous, the head and thorax umbilicately punctate, the parapsides finely shagreened except along all margins. Parapsidal furrows foveate. Petiole very short, wider than long, glabrous. Hind coxa glabrous. Mandibles with at least two outer acute teeth. Thorax covered with rather thick black-brown pilosity. Punetures on head smaller and less dense. From one female caught in jungle, May 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads (Tweed River), New South Wales (see below). Type: No. Hy 2490, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and a caudal leg on a slide. Also one female, Grafton (Clarence River), New South Wales, June 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). HORISMENELLA new genus. Female :—In my table of genera runs to Pleurotropopseus Girault but differs in having the postmarginal vein elongate; the lateral carina of propodeum is not V-shaped but entire and a short curved carina just mesad of spiracle originates laterad of the cephalic end of the lateral carina. The median groove of scutum is along distal two thirds or somewhat more. Caudal tibial spur long, stout and curved, longer than the first tarsal joint of caudal legs. Postmarginal vein over thrice the length of the stigmal, the latter subsessile; marginal vein over twice the length of the submarginal. Otherwise the same as originally described for the named genus. Segment 2 of abdomen occupying a little less than a fourth of the surface, over twice the length of 3; strigils absent. Three ring-joints; really runs to Plewrotropomyia. 1. HORISMENELLA CLARIVIRIDIS new species. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 1.90 mm. Bright metallic green, the abdomen dark blue except segments 2 and 3; legs, scape and abdominal petiole silvery white, the coxw and petiole suffused with orange. Fore wings with an obscure dusky spot in the center of the blade opposite the stigmal vein. Funicle 1 longest, 2 and 3 each shortening a little, 3 longer than the pedicel, over twice longer than wide, longer than club 1; club 2 somewhat shorter than the pedicel, with a distinct but not very long 190 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. terminal spine. Pedicel longer than wide. Frons broad, cheeks short, mandibles tridentate. Petiole of abdomen nearly as long as the hind coxe. Segments 2 and 3 of abdomen smooth, naked, 4 and 5 each with two rows of minute setigerous punctures, 6 and 7 each with about five rows of them. Thorax coarsely scaly, axillw finely so; caudo-mesal half of parapsides ‘sunken (or the representative of the parapsidal furrow) and subglabrous and with a minute fovea a little cephalo-laterad of the middle of its mesocephalic margin; this fovea also some- what before the caudal end of the parapsidal furrows and it gives origin to a very long and ‘slender yellowish seta. Parapsidal furrows mere sutures, distinct, abbreviated caudad, curving off before pronotum, the latter glabrous and with a row of punctures along its cephalic margin; these punctures give rise to isolated, very long bristles. Propodeum glabrous. Postscutellum ‘very much smoother than scutellum. From two females caught by sweeping at 1,000 feet, forest, May 17, 1914 (t. P. Dodd). Habitat: Upper Tweed River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2491, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one of the specimens on a tag; ‘head, fore legs and a hind tibia with type slide of Omphalentedon longus Girault. 2. HORISMENELLA VARICOXA new species. Female :—Length, 1.68 mm. Differs from the genotype in having the last two pairs of coxe concolorous, the hind femur a little dusky above at proximal half, the abdominal petiole yellowish brown, the wings hyaline, the median groove of scutum somewhat shorter, funicle 3 is only somewhat longer ‘than wide, subequal to the pedicel and to 2, somewhat shorter than 1 and the general coloration is less bright, darker. Compared with type of genotype. Scape metallic at tip above. From two females caught in forest, June, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Burnett Heads, Southern Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2492, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, two females on a tag, two heads -and a hind tibia on a slide. The median carina in this genus is a little divided cephalad. In the table of genera, antea, p. 153, it should be noted that Pelorotelopsella should be included with Mestocharoideus, since there are no lateral carine on the propodeum; lateral sulci replace the carine. Same place, 153, line 6 from bottom carine should read carina. In Horismenus antiopa, the lateral and caudal margins of propodeum are strongly carinate, the reticulation of the thorax raised, segment 2 of abdomen glabrous. TrisE PEDIOBIINI. In the table of genera, antea, p. 156, last line of section I, two should read true; last ‘line of section III, nigrwiridus equals nigriviridis Girault. BASOENTEDON new genus. Female:—Form as in Horismenoides Girault. Antenne inserted below the middle of ‘the face, 6-jointed with two ring-joints, the club solid, one funicle joint. Parapsidal furrows not indicated. Scutellum simple. Abdomen short and broad, from dorsal aspect rounded, as wide as the thorax and somewhat shorter, the thorax convex. Venation as in the Omphalini, the stigmal vein very long, the marginal not quite as short as the submarginal. Pronotum not visible from above, the propodeum short, broad, apparently noncarinate, the spiracle minute. Abdomen sessile. Mandibles acute. Hind tibial spur normal. Male :—Unknown. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 191 1. BEOENTEDON PECULICORNIS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Dark metallic purple, the wings hyaline, the abdomen pale honey yellow, darker along distal half, there with several faintly indicated still darker and narrow cross-stripes. Distal half of tibiz, the antenne, the tarsi and hind legs beyond proximal half of femora white or yellowish white. Thorax coarsely polygonally reticulated, the lines not raised. Club conically produced at apex into a spine, conic-ovate, longer than the long pedicel, the funicle joint urnshaped, a little longer than wide, distinctly shorter than the pedicel. Scape slender. Ring- joints large and distinct, purple; pedicel purple at base. Described from one female captured in jungle, December 31, 1911. Habitat: Malanda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2493, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide with the type appendages of Pseudacrias quadricarinatus Girault. Trin—E TETRACAMPINI. Genus TETRACAMPE Foerster. 1. TETRACAMPE AUSTRALIENSIS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdominal petiole, legs and antennal scape bright golden yellow, rest of antenne black. Fore wings hyaline; discal cilia not arranged in regular lines; marginal cilia not long; submarginal vein somewhat broken; marginal vein as long as submarginal, twice as long as postmarginal; stigmal vein with a small knob, short, one fifth as long as the marginal. Antenne inserted below middle of face; 12-jointed, 1 ring-joint, 6 funicle joints and a 3-jointed club; scape slender; pedicel larger than first funicle joint; funicle joints filiform, first a little the longest, two thirds longer than wide; club scarcely wider than funicle, as long as last two funicle joints united, the joints about subequal. Posterior tibie# with one apical spur; tarsi 5-jointed. Mesopleura without sutures. Pronotum rather large. Seutum with distinct parapsidal furrows. Scutellum with a rather faint cross-suture. Pronotum, scutum and scutellum with very fine polygonal scaly sculpture. Propodeum rather short, glabrous, with a median carina and several irregular lateral carine. Abdominal petiole as long as the hind cox; abdominal segments not excised at meson of caudal margin; suture between second and third segments deep; second segment longest, equal to one fifth of surface. Mandibles bidentate. From one female caught by sweeping in forest, August 7, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2494, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and posterior legs on a slide. TETRACAMPOIDES new genus of A. P. Dodd. Female:—Head normal; antennw inserted near the mouth border, 12-jointed with one ring-joint and a 3-jointed club; funicle joints wider than long. Pronotum distinctly separated ; seutum with deep complete parapsidal furrows; scutelium simple; propodeum with a tooth laterad at the middle, not short, with a distinct median and fainter lateral carine. Axille not advanced. Marginal vein as long as the submarginal, many times length of stigmal, the postmarginal twice as long as the stigmal, the latter of moderate length. Hind tibie with two apical spurs. Mandibles bidentate. Abdomen sessile, gently convex above and beneath, second segment occupying over half of surface. Resembling the Entedonini in many respects.? Male :—Not known. 2 The number of tarsal joints is not stated, but there are doubtless five. 192 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 1. TETRACAMPOIDES SETOSUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Dark metallic blue, the coxe and femora concolorous, the scutellum and base of abdomen brighter, the tibizw and tarsi white, the antenna wholly black. Thorax with exceedingly fine scaly sculpture and long whitish pubescence, the propodeum quite smooth. Abdomen with second segment smooth, the rest with sculpture and pubescence like the thorax. Wings hyaline. Scape moderately slender, the pedicel not long but as long as first two funicle joints combined; flagellum somewhat clavate, the funicle joints fully twice as wide as long; club with a terminal nipple, the club joints all much wider than long. Described from one female caught in jungle, February 5, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2495, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. The middle lateral tooth on propodeum is really the acute caudo-lateral angle of that region.—A. A. Girault. PLATYTETRACAMPE new genus. Male:—Form flattened, the vertex flat, the face much inclined ventro-caudad, the aritenne inserted at the mouth border, capitate, 11-jointed without ring-joints, the club 3-jointed, the six funicle joints annular, the distal two stalked. Pronotum rather large, the scutum wider than long, without a trace of furrows. Marginal vein longer than the submarginal but not very long, the postmarginal one half the length of stigmal, the latter slender but rather short. Mandibles bidentate. Scutellum simple. Tarsi 4-joimted. Abdomen rounded subquad- rate, flat, with a very short petiole, all the segments short, transverse. Spiracle of propodeum minute, round. Propodeum with a rather stout transverse carina at cephalic third (in reality the caudal margin of the sunken postscutellum which continues laterad across the lateral part of the propodeum cephalad of the spiracle), at the meson with two carine which are curved and wide apart, with a narrow, rather obscure sulcus in the place of the lateral carine and an oblique, complete carina just laterad of the spiracle. Hind femur swollen just before tip. Hind tibial spur single. Female :—Not known. 1. PLATYTETRACAMPE FUNICULUS new species. Genotype. Male :—Length, 0.90 mm. Black, shining; tarsi except first joint of hind tarsus and the funicle silvery white. Fore wing yellowish under the marginal vein (margin to margin, the infumation suffused). Pedicel over three fourths the length of the funicle, the joints of the latter rapidly widening” distad, 6 largest. Club a little longer than the pedicel. Scape not enlarged. Distal club joint with a short nipple. Whole body scaly reticulate. From one male caught by sweeping in jungle, December 2, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2496, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head, pair of wings, middle legs and a hind leg on a slide. Trine OMPHALINI. GENUS EUDERUS Walker. 1. EUDERUS MESTOR (Walker). Female. : «Sp. 5. Eul. Mestor. Fem. Viridis, antenne nigre, abdominis discus cwpreus, pedes virides, tarsi albidi, ale limpide. ‘¢ Viridis: oculi et ocelli rufi: antenne nigrw; articuli 1"8 et 28 virides: abdominis: discus cupreus: pedes virides; trochanteres picei; genua fulva; tarsi albidi, apice picei; protarsi fulvi, apice fusci: ale limpide; squamule pice; nervi proalis fusci, metalis fulvi. (Corp. long. lin. 14; alar. lin. 13.) ‘* March; King George’s Sound, Australia. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 193 ‘*« Fem.—Corpus longum, angustum, nitens, scitissime squameum, parce hirtum: thorax fusiformis, parum convexus: prothorax bene determinatus, transversus, antice angustus: mesothoracis scutum longitudine paullo latius; parapsidum suture vix conspicue; scutellum breviovatum: metathorax sat magnus, transversus, levis: petiolus brevissimus: abdomen longiovatum, leve, supra depressum, subtus basi carinatum, apice acuminatum, thorace paullo latius vix longius: pedes simplices, subzquales.’’ GENUS SECODES Girault. Pp 1. SECODES CAPENSIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.85 mm., excluding ovipositor. Propodeum longer laterad. Postmarginal vein a little longer than the stigmal. Funicle joints wider than long. Abdomen ovate, a little longer than the thorax. See antea, p. 160. Taken in forest, December 27, 1912. Antea, p. 160, line 3, tibi@ should read tarsi GENUS OMPHALOMORPHA Girault. 1. OMPHALOMORPHA FRATER new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Similar to viridis but the ovipositor and valves exserted for a third the length of the abdomen; the propodeum is as in repercussa. From one female captured in forest. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2497, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag, head on a slide. 2. OMPHALOMORPHA REPERCUSSA Girault. The scutellum (from laterad) overhangs the propodeum, the latter shortening at the meson but the median carina is distinct and of some length. GENUS RHICNOPELTELLA Girault. The abdomen is not depressed. Synonym: Elachertetrastichus Girault. 1. RHICNOPELTELLA ACUMINATA new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. ‘ Like consobrinus Girault but slender, the abdomen conic-ovate, longer than the rest of the body. Tibize yellow. Antenna wholly concolorous, the pedicel as long as the funicle, about four times longer than funicle 3; ring-joints equal, each about half the length of funicle 1 which is about half the length of funicle 2 which is nearly as long as 3. Postmarginal vein shorter than the stigmal. Third tooth of mandible distinctly shorter than the other two which are subequal. From one female captured in forest, February 17, 1913. Habitat: Seymour (Ingham), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2498, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head, hind tibia and fore wing on a slide. 2. RHICNOPELTELLA FLAVIPES Girault. The scape is concolorous at distal third only, the pedicel wholly concolorous; rest of antenna more or less yellowish white. Type re-examined. The following new variety was reared from galls on Eucalyptus, October, 1913 at Gordonvale, Queensland. A. RHICNOPELTELLA FLAVIPES BINOTATA new variety. Female :—Like the typical form in all details but all of the underside of the abdomen except at base, the tip above and a spot on each side just before the tip dull golden yellow. Types: No. Hy 2499, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, two females on a tag. N 194 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 3. RHICNOPELTELLA MULTIFASCIATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.55 mm. Dark coppery green, the wings hyaline, the legs pale golden yellow except the Coxe ; antenne concolorous with legs except scape above and the entire pedicel which are metallic green. Thus very much like flavipes binotata except the darker general color and that the entire abdomen is dull golden yellow crossed by five coppery green stripes, the first at base and longest (caudo-cephalad), the fifth near apex and more or less interrupted at the meson. Prepectus dull yellow. Otherwise the same. Both are very finely densely punctate. Funicles 1 and 2 subequal in length, 2 wider, both like ring-joints; funicle 3 distinctly shorter than the pedicel, much wider than long, thrice or more longer than 2. From one female caught January 23, 1913 in forest. Habitat: Townsville, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2500, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 4. (ELACHERTETRASTICHUS) RHICNOPELTELLA NEIPES (Girault). Compared with type of immaculatipennis. Differs from the genotype in having cephalic tibie wholly yellowish white, not concolorous just below knee for some distance. Club not shortened or enlarged and obliquely truncate as in flavipes but as in the genotype, i.e., much longer than wide, distinctly longer than the funicle. There are four ‘‘ rmg-joints.’’ Antenne brown, scape and pedicel black or very cark metallic. Joint 7 of antenne nearly a half shorter than 8. 5. (ELACHERTETRASTICHUS) RHICNOPELTELLA HEGELI new name.’ Elachertetrastichus purpureus Girault. A distinct species, the four ring-joints of the antenna abruptly separated from the two subequal funicle joints. Club as in @neipes but no longer than the funicle. Spot on hind tibia very obscure. 6. RHICNOPELTELLA NUBILIPENNIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. . Dark metallic green, the wings lightly infuscated from bend of submarginal vein distad to apex; legs golden yellow except coxe and the hind femur. Antenne fuscous, the scape beneath pale. Club not enlarged, conic-ovate, not quite as long as the funicle (including ring- joints). Three distinct subequal ring-joints, the fourth joint after pedicel also ring-like but distinctly larger than the three preceding, about a third the length of the next joint; last two joints of funicle (the two distinct funicle joints) unequal, the first quadrate, a little over half the length of the pedicel, the distal a little wider than long, barely shorter than the preceding. Pedicel elongate. Abdomen conic-ovate. Postmarginal vein distinct, shorter than the stigmal which is a little over haif the length of the marginal. Same as other species in sculpture and allied with filia. From many females from the National Museum, Victoria. Habitat: Melbourne, Victoria. Types: In the National Museum, Melbourne, four females on a card, a head on aslide. The dorsal and ventral margins of cephalic femur more or less dusky. From galls on gum, March. 3 G. W. F. Hegel. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 195 GENUS BRACHYCHRYSOCHARELLA Girault. 1. BRACHYCHRYSOCHARELLA BELLA new species. Female :—Length, 0.95 mm. Differs from dubia in having the front and middle femora black also and the hind tibia cand middle one, the latter just below the knees only; also, the fore wing is distinctly narrower and more densely ciliate discally. From globa in having the antennew all pale, the hind tibiz concolorous and the distinctly narrower fore wing. Marginal vein much shorter than the -submarginal. Mandibles bidentate. Fore wings with about nineteen lines of short discal cilia. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, January 4, 1913. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Types: No. Hy 2502, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, two females on a slide with an BLuryischia. GENUS RHICNOPELTOMYIA Girault. 1. RHICNOPELTOMYIA VOLTAIRETI new species. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Intense golden, the fore wings with an obscure blotch from apex of the stigmal vein. ‘Caudal margin of pronotum very narrowly across meson and the entire scutum except extreme cephalo-lateral corner, dark metallic green, the funicle and club dusky black, the base of -abdomen above with a rather large, rounded metallic blue spot on each side of meson, both -connected across meson forming more or Jess of a cross-stripe; cephalic margin of propodeum narrowly metallic green. Abdomen with four (usually visible as three, the distal one fainter), narrow, complete, cross-stripes on middle, remote from base or apex, the distal three each -eurved shortly cephalad at meson, 2 and 3 close together, midway between 1 and 4. Tip of -valves of ovipositor black. Thorax finely scaly, the propodeum very finely so, noncarinate, ‘the scutum very coarsely scaly. Marginal fringes of fore wing short; postmarginal and stigmal veins more or less subequal. Caudal wings broad, with about ten lines of discal cilia where ‘broadest. Scutellum with the usual long seta on each side a little distad of middle. Mandibles ‘tridentate. Club well defined, with a distinct terminal spine which is nearly as long as the _joint which bears it; pedicel stout, long, nearly two thirds longer than wide; funicle 2 somewhat ‘longer than 1, somewhat shorter than the pedicel, stout, plainly longer than wide. Flagellum tapering. From one female captured in forest, April 27, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2503, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type -of Chrysocharomyia bicolorithoraxz. A second female same place, May 18, 1914. 2. RHICNOPELTOMYIA DOUGLASSI Girault. A female at Gordonvale, Queensland, April, 1913. The head is yellow below antennz; -a long narrow sclerite between the latter and up the face and which is narrowly margined with yellow; aiso a convex suture just beneath vertex on the face, which is also yellow. The ‘third tooth of mandible is not broad, merely shorter. The ventral half of abdomen is more or less yellowish and faint cross-stripes are visible above. Postmarginal vein a little longer than “the stigmal. The type body has been remounted onto the type slide. The type has been compared with that of Achrysocharella olympus Girault and differs from the latter in having the propodeum short and glabrous at meson and the fore wings are -smaller. In olympus, the propodeum is distinctly, finely reticulated. 196 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. GENUS SECODELLA Girault. The submargival vein in this genus is broken (statements to contrary notwithstanding). Removed from Elachertini. 1. SECODELLA DIVERSIPENNIS new species. Female:—Length, about 1.75 mm. Differs from all the species in having the postmarginal vein a little shorter than the stigmal and the lines of ciliation on the fore wing are less distinct. Dark metallic blue, the abdomen dark ewneous green, the abdomen ventrad suffused with brownish. Scape yellowish brown, the proximal three tarsal joints whitish. Funicle joints all somewhat wider than long, the last two a little the longest; pedicel longer than funicle 1. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, February 16, 1912 (A. M. Lea and ALA.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2505, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and a pair of wings on a slide. 2. SECODELLA PULCHRA ACUMINATA new variety. Female :—Length, 2.75 mm., excluding ovipositor which is extruded for a third the length of the abdomen. Like pulchra Girault but the abdomen still longer. In both there is a distinct stylus. from apex of the abdomen which is not quite as long as the extruded portion of the ovipositor. In lineata, this stylus is very short and the ovipositor valves are very slightly extruded (same in rufiscapus, diversipennis and enea). From one female captured November 19, 1913 (H. Hacker). Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2506, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 8. SECODELLA NEA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2.60 mm. Like lineata Girault but the first joint of the funicle is longest, one third longer than wide, 2-4 gradually shortening, 4 plainly wider than long. Abdomen a little longer than the: head and thorax united. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, July 24, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2507, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head’ on a slide. Ae OMPHALOMORPHELLA new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Like Omphalomorpha but the mandibles bidentate, the fore wings densely and normally ciliate, the ring-joints large and distinct, the postmarginal vein very long and slender, some- what longer than the marginal, over twice the length of the long stigmal. Pedicel elongate. Marginal vein somewhat over half the length of the submarginal which is distinctly broken. Propodeum with a ridge-like median carina. Abdomen depressed, from dorsal aspect rounded- ovate. The male is the same but the abdomen with straight lateral margins, longer than wide.. 1. OMPHALOMORPHELLA AURIPES Girault. Male, female. Genotype. Length, 2.70 mm. Bright #neous green, the wings lightly stained throughout, the coxe concolorous, the legs rich golden yellow, also the scape except above at tip; rest of antenna black. Pedicel nearly as long as the next four joints taken together, about twice the length of either joint 3 or 4 of funicle which are largest but distinctly wider than long; scape slender. Hind femur AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 197 compressed. Head and thorax very densely, finely polygonally scaly or shagreened, the thorax with some scattered thimble punctures. A line of fover across cephalic edge of propodeum, the latter shining but with faint scale-like sculpture which is not quite as distinct as that of the abdomen. Habitat: Melbourne, Victoria. Galls on Hucalyptus. Four males, six females, September ale Type: In the National Museum, Melbourne, two pairs on a card, a slide with a male -antenna and female head, wings and hind legs. 2. OMPHALOMORPHELLA BICOLOR new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Antenne inserted a little below the middle of the face, 11-jointed with two ring-joints, the club 3-jointed and with a distinct terminal spine, the flagellum rather strongly clavate, the second ring-joint very large, nearly as large as funicle 1 yet distinctly shorter; first ring- joint very short. Mandibles with two equal acute teeth, small. Scutellum simple. Propodeum with a median carina but no others, short at meson, finely scaly. Thorax polygonally reticulated, the lines indented. Marginal vein longer than in the genotype, a little longer than the submarginal (not distinctly shorter as in auripes), distinctly longer than the elongate post- marginal which is twice the length of the stigmal. Hind tibial spur single, small. Black, the wings subhyaline, the abdomen yellowish brown, pale yellow across base and with about five obscure dusky cross-stripes. Legs concolorous with abdomen, the coxe dark, ‘ssubconcolorous. Tibize and tarsi pallid, also the scape; rest of antenna black. Funicles 1 and 2 wider than long, small, 2 a little longer; 3 and 4 each abruptly enlarging, 4 large and globular, yet a little shorter than the pedicel; 3 distinctly wider than long. Funicle 3 twice the size of 1. From one female captured in jungle, November 15, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Harvey’s Creek (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2508, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind tibiew on a slide. GeNuS OMPHALOMOMYIA Girault. The genus bears four ring-joints. 1. OMPHALOMOMYIA LIVIDICAPUT Girault. A female, forest, Gordonvale, Queensland, May 8, 1914. Second ring-joint of tke four ‘very short, the others rather large. Funicle 3 at least half the length of the long pedicel, 1 somewhat longer than wide. In this second female the parapsides were not washed with purple. Propodeum scaly, with a carina just laterad of the spiracle. Wings subhyaline. Type re-examined but not the type antenne. GENUS CHRYSOCHARIS Foerster. 1. CHRYSOCHARIS DUMASI new species. Female :—ULength, about 1.30 mm. Very similar to Achrysocharoides sarcophagus Girault except that the scutellum is simple and the hind femur and proximal half of hind tibia are concolorous with the body, the fore femur and tibia slightly washed with dusky. The scape is wholly concolorous and as deeply colored as the rest of the antenna. Hind wing short, acutely pointed. Marginal fringes of the fore wing short. Funicle 3 barely longer than the pedicel, a little the shortest, * 1 broad, a little the longest of the funicle; club 2-jointed. Hind wing where widest (apex of * Labels indefinite. The numbers were 64 and 7. The dates were 9.11 and 4.11 which may meap November 4 and 9, September 11 and April 11 or September and April, 1911. 198 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. venation) with about seven lines of discal cilia, the caudal marginal cilia much longer than the’ marginal cilia of the fore wing but much shorter than the greatest width of the hind wing. Mandibles bidentate but a third minute tooth is indicated within but is much shorter. Post- marginal vein a little shorter than stigmal. One ring-joint. Parapsidal furrows complete. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, January 7, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2509, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Dedicated to Alexandre Dumas, pére. CHRYSOCHARELLA nomen nudum. This genus heretofore has been poorly characterised. Its antenne are rather short, subcompressed, clavate, the club casually appearing 4-jointed, since the second funicle joint is- more or less closely attached to the club. In the genotype, the parapsidal furrows are only cephalad, the axille advanced but not very much so. The shape of the antennal flagellum is. the characteristic of the genus. See antea, p. 169. Later, I find the group the same as. Achrysocharella through connecting forms. See Achrysocharella. 1. CHRYSOCHARELLA PULCHRA new species. Referred to Neochrysocharella Dodd. Length, about 1 mm. Abdomen finely scaly like the thorax. 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PT aa beready hi o pee al if?) f, vig, 7 eh as | Paid, b i DT rhs ’ >, : arin’ ow "a Ly MOB TAeeataS aT oem ¢ y, aii ’ ruven) a , a 1 he ‘ TB ebidirt 4, peatgbytys) PUEMLSOCH AEG WRATINS Curate, Posy ‘ 7 aig § " pele ; y i | / ha vy. pada licn Wed veda Lap edg atthe crurvats: aleclerts way | unibie" Wah nen w tun Sed it oa aie He al rei ell cat nent Otay Uae at apury idee, Paya. b Wap! me ge Wield cervy, pada ty hah a aid bites ft spn thier, vie iad. ny ifanpt eins vl, 14 tet? by Pe Nes 512 Pte, nied che upringen inaeetlitin einer iit Gralattany, 43 oih) vy Od, , - ey data fuel soirvnthy nth toy! vere} by ba aint ne a aa “ier A ‘ia, om eye! , PO n a ruby hie Se oon h\ ae nt Pa LA ee j AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 201 4. ACHRYSOCHARIS MACULATIPENNIS Girault. Length, 1.20 mm. Wholly metallic green and punctate including most of the abdomen; propodeum blue; legs white, the coxe darker; antenne dusky yellowish, pedicel over twice the length of funicle 1, which is subglobate; wings hyaline but in the fore wing there is a subelliptical stained area from the knob of the stigmal vein. Like the other species but with no yellow on the body and the abdomen shorter, wings less broad, more rounded at apex and moderately coarsely ciliated. The stigmal vein is longer. Posterior femur more or less dusky. Second funicle joint nearly twice the size of first but shorter than the pedicel which is long and obconic. Captured September 3, 1913. Type: A female with type of grandis. 5. ACHRYSOCHARIS BIFASCIATUS Girault. Leneth, 0.85 mm, Golden yellow; pronotum and cephalic half of scutum, metallic green; propodeum, a spot in center of scutellum, one across apex of each axilla, a smaller, round dot on each axilla caudad of middle, near the scutellum, dusky, while two adjacent stripes across about the middle of the abdomen, black; apex of each parapside metallic green; tips of ovipositor valves black; fore wing with an obscure broad clouded stripe across it from about the ‘stigmal vein. First funicle joint subequal to the pedicel, funicle 2 longest of the flagellum, the first club not much shorter than it. Captured May 11, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: A female on a slide. 6. ACHRYSOCHARIS LEIBNITZI Girault. Length, 0.85 mm. Like Closterocerus saintpierrei but at once distinguished because the antennz are not compressed fusiform, the Jegs are white except blackish coxe; wings unifasciate, the fascia only about half complete (from stigmal knob). Pedicel longer than any of the following joints, those of funicle ovate. Antenne black. Mandibles tridentate. Type: A female on a slide. 7. ACHRYSOCHARIS TRIFASCIATA Girault. One female, Cooktown, Queensland, forest, March 1, 1914 (A. P. Dodd); a female, ‘Gordonvale, Queensland, April 9, 1914. 8. ACHRYSOCHARIS QUINQUEDENTATA new species. Female:—ULength, 0.90 mm. Dark metallic blue, the legs (except caudal coxee and femora), scape and pedicel white, rest of antennze dusky pallid. Thorax scaly reticulate, the propodeum glabrous, noncarinate; abdomen with a short, white petiole. Fore wings slender, hyaline, unique in that they bear a conspicuous, rather broad black stripe across from about proximal half of marginal vein and the marginal cilia are about a third of the greatest wing width. Distal tarsal joint subelongate. Mandibles with three large, somewhat spreading, outer teeth and two minute inner ones. Flagellum tapering, the two funicle joints subequal, longest, distinctly longer than the stout pedicel; first club joint barely shorter than the preceding joint, 3 ‘subequal to the pedicel, with a distinct, rather long terminal spine. Flagellum with scattered 202 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. long hairs from pustules (in a whorl proximad on funicle 1). Caudal wings acumimate, with only about four lines of sparse discal cilia, the caudal marginal cilia nearly as long as those of the fore wing. Parapsidal furrows complete. Funicle 1 somewhat over twice longer than wide. From one female captured in jungle, June 3, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2514, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 9. ACHRYSOCHARIS CLARISCUTELLUM OCCIDENTALIS new variety. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Similar to the typical form with the type of which I have compared it but smaller, the scutellum less sculptured, the sculpture distinct only around the lateral margins narrowly (not broadly distinct there as in the type form), the fore wings bear about six lines less of discal cilia and the two funicle joints are shorter, only slightly longer than wide. Otherwise the same. In both forms, the scape is white for a little over proximal half. From one female captured in forest, April 14, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cioneurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2515, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 10. ACHRYSOCHARIS ATRIPES new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Very similar to the type specimen of nigripes but differing markedly in the wings. as follows: The fore wings are slenderer, their discal ciliation less dense (only about 17 lines. across the widest part; in nigripes about double that number), the stigmal vein shorter; the hind wings are acutely pointed, obtusely so in nigripes. ‘he cephalic tibia is yellowish at distal half. Marginal vein longer than the submarginal in both species. The antennse in atripes are somewhat more compact than in nigripes. Abdomen conic-ovate, longer than ihe rest of the body. Scape curved, all of antenna concolorous, the mandibles tridentate. Male :—Unkiown. Described from one female captured by sweeping in forest, December 4, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2459, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide. 11. ACHRYSOCHARIS VARICOLOR Girault. Achrysocharis magnifica varicolor Girault. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Abdomen pointed conic, longer than the rest of the body. Like magnifica Girault but the seutellum and axille without metallic green, also the propodeum, Extreme tip of abdomen slightly colored and the base of abdomen with a narrow cross-stripe of metallic (a half or more shorter than in pulchra for instance, or in magnifica). The general coloration is very pale yellow. Male :—Unknown. Described from four females reared from cecidomyiid galls on Careya australis, December, 1912 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Types: No. Hy 3459, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, three of the foregoing females on a tag together. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 203: 12. ACHRYSOCHARIS MAYRI new species. Female :—ULength, 1.20 mm. Like magnifica but smaller and the axille and the propodeum (except at immediate meson) are yellow; the meson of scutellum is metallic only to middle from base and the tip of the abdomen is somewhat more broadly metallic but not as much as with pulchra. Funicle 2 longer than 1 which is subequal to the pedicel. Mandibles with a weak third tooth. Hind wings with a half dozen lines of discal cilia where widest. Fore wings sub- truncate at apex. Scutum roughly scaly. Parapsidal furrows about half complete. Green stripe across base of abdomen distinctly abbreviated laterad. Two marginal spots of abdomen more obscurely joined. From one female labelled ‘‘10.10.13. Sweeping forest. G. F. Hill.’’ Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territcry. Type: No. Hy 2516, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Dedicated to Gustav Mayr. 138. ACHRYSOCHARIS NOVIMACULATIPENNIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Exactly similar to maculatipennis except that the spot on the fore wing extends all the way across the blade and all the femora are dusky, also the tibiw just below the knees. The first club joint is a little shorter while the second funicle joint is subquadrate. Mandibles tridentate, the third tooth much shorter than the other two. From one female captured by sweeping edges of jungle, January 15, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2517, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. This species differs from Achrysocharella dubia Girault in having the cross-stripe of fore wing uniform, not accented under the stigmal vein and the fore wings are narrower. 14. ACHRYSOCHARIS ZAOMMOMOMORPHA new species. Female :—ULength, 1.80 mm. With the habitus of Zaommomyiella. Dark metallic blue green, the abdomen duil brown except within broadly across base, the wings hyaline, the legs (except coxe) and scape, pallid dusky. Rest of antenna black. Pedicel longer than any of the following joints. Funicle 1 shortest of the flagellum (except distal club joint), about half the length ot the pedicel, longer than wide; funicle 2 and club 1 subequal, much longer than wide, each a fourth shorter than the pedicel. Club 3 with its body conic-ovate and subequal in length to the terminal spine which is prominent. Scape dusky toward tip. Mandibles short, tridentate, the two inner teeth paired, shallowly separated, the outer tooth stouter and deeply, broadly separated from the others. Parapsidal furrows complete. Pronotum mesad glabrous rather broadly. Scutum coarsely reticulated, the lines raised; scutellum finer, mesad with the lines longitudinal, there the polygons elongate. Propodeum subglabrous, with a short neck which is brown and several irregular carina along the meson (a pair of separated median carine and a half carina from caudad laterad of these, apparently). Apex of scutellum mesad smooth. Postmarginal vein longer than the short stigmal, the marginal very long, the fore wings very broad. Abdomen conic-ovate, longer than the rest of the body, its proximal fifth dark metallic green. Axille barely advanced. Caudo-mesal corner of each parapside glabrous broadly. Propodeum with a semicircular half lateral carina from caudad and a com- plete suleus just laterad of spiracle. 204 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Allied with grandis but the abdomen is much darker and differently colored, the postmarginal vein is longer than the stigmal, the terminal spine of antennz is longer, the fore wings more rounded at apex, the head wholly concolorous. From two females captured by sweeping virgin jungle, December 31, 1911. Habitat: Malanda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2518, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one of the specimens on a tag, the head on a slide. 15. ACHRYSOCHARIS LONGUS new species. Female:—Length, 1.65 mm. With the habitus of Zaomommyiclla. Characterized by having the abdomen conical, somewhat longer than the rest of the body. Dark brassy green, the abdomen very dark blue, lighter at base, the wings hyaline; knees, tibie and tarsi and the terminal spine of club, white. Parapsidal furrows curving off laterad before reaching pronotum. Mandibles with three acute teeth. First ring-joint white. Pedicel subequal to funicle 1 which is a little longer than 2, the latter oval, a little longer than wide; terminal spine of club as long as club 3. Scape wholly black, also distal tarsal joint. Whole pody finely, densely scaly. Propodeum without true carina, short at the meson. Postmarginal vein a little shorter than the stigmal, the marginal very long. Fore wings broad, subtruncate ub apex. From one female caught in a mangrove swamp, May 14, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Chindera (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2519, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. GrENuS ACHRYSOCHARELLA Girault. The species grouped under the naked name Chrysocharella belong here. 1. ACHRYSOCHARELLA ZNEA Girault. Genotype of Neochrysocharella described later. Preoceupied by Chrysocharella enea. A. enea is A. enella new name. 2. ACHRYSOCHARELLA PULCHRELLA new species. Female :—Length, 2.10 mm. Long, the abdomen nearly twice the length of the thorax. Probably referable to Neochrysocharella. Very similar to Achrysocharis pulchra Girault but the scutellum is all metallic green except the lateral and distal margins and only the caudal third of each parapside is orange yellow. Also the dorsal aspect of each axilla is metallic green and the central spot on dorsal abdomen forms a second ecross-stripe (in pulchra and magnifica the spot is not large and the stripe proximad of it more obscure but it seems to be present constantly). Apex of abdomen more broadly black or dark metallic (about distal fifth). Propodeum dark metallie green. Legs and seape white. A rather broad dark metallic stripe down venter of abdomen on each side of median line and there are various metallic markings on thoracic venter. Seutum coarsely scaly, scutellum finely, longitudinally lineolated, propodeum smooth, noncarinate, scaly laterad of spiracle. Axille advanced. Parapsidal furrows half complete from cephalo-lateral angle of seutum. Mandibles bidentate. Distal third of scape and flagellum dusky black. Pedicel slightly longer than funicle 2 which is longest of the funicle and club, nearing twice longer than wide. Club 1 somewhat longer than funicle 1, all club joints longer than wide. Terminal spine distinct. From one female caught in forest uplands, May 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2520, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide with type Achrysocharis quinquedentatus Girault. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 205, 3. ACHRYSOCHARELLA MACKAYENSIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. AMneous green, bright, the wings hyaline, the legs white except coxa which are more or less metallic; antenne dusky yellow, the funicle joints quadrate, 1 a little longer, the pedicel a little longer than funicle 1; terminal spine of club distinct. Mandibles tridentate. Pedicel dusky, the scape white. Closest to olympus but the antenne are lighter in color, the funicle joints distinetly shorter, the postmarginal vein is as long as the stigmal (distinctly shorter in olympus) and the fore wings are distinctly smaller. Propodeum without a median carina in both species. Male :—Not known. Described from one female taken by sweeping lantana and other vegetation in a field near town, October 21, 1911. Habitat: Mackay, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2521, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 4. ACHRYSOCHARELLA QUINQUEFASCIATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Dark neous, the wings hyaline, the legs and abdomen pale yellow, the latter with about five brownish black stripes across between base and apex, the latter also dusky. Postmarginal vein somewhat longer than the stigmal, long. Thorax finely, polygonally lined. Abdomen longer than the rest of the body, conic-ovate. Hind coxa metallic laterad. Mandibles long and slender, as in Paromphale flavicorpus. Marginal vein somewhat longer than the submarginal. Fore wing where widest with about 20 lines of discal cilia. Scape and pedicel pale, the latter somewhat dusky above; rest of antenna sooty. Funicle 1 largest, longest and widest, distinctly longer than the pedicel, about one and a half times longer than wide; pedicel next longest of the flagellum, a little wider than funicle 1, a little longer than funicle 2, which is a little longer than elub 1; the latter a fourth longer than wide and subequal to club 2; terminal spine distinct. hs Male :—Not known. Described from one female taken by sweeping in jungle (500 feet), February 5, 1912. Habitat: Normanby (Cooktown), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2522, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the fore-described female on a slide. 5. ACHRYSOCHARELLA AURICORPUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—ULength, 0.85 mm. Deep golden yellow, the wings hyaline the body unmarked save extreme tip of abdomen ana caudal margin of propodeum at meson; legs and venation pale. Mandibles tridentate. Antenne dusky pallid, the terminal spur distinct, the second funicle joint quadrate, somewhat shorter than the first. Male :-—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in forest, December 10, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Tyne: No. Hy 2523, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide. b. ACHRYSOCHARELLA MULTIDENTATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.15 mm. Slender. Characterized by bearing 5-dentate mandibles,. the three inner teeth small. Orange yellow, the vertex and proximal third of abdomen dark metallic blue; rest of abdomen except a small whitish area across just before apex, metallic coppery. Legs and scape orange yellow; rest of antenne black. Dorsal thorax washed with metallic cyaneus, :206 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. the scutellum and postscutellum metallic cyaneus. Scutum with four long, black bristles, one in each corner, the scutellum with two, one on each side near lateral margin about center from hbase. Thorax coarsely scaly reticulate. Fore wings hyaline but with a distinct, broad, blackish ‘stripe across from a little over distal third of marginal vein and the whole of the proximal -side of the stigmal. Propodeum glabrous, washed with metallic blue, without carine. Abdomen with a short yellow petiole, slender, acute at apex, somewhat longer than the thorax. Post- marginal vein slightly shorter than the stigmal. Marginal fringes of fore wing where longest a little less than a fourth the greatest wing width. Marginal vein along cephalic margin with long, slender bristles. Cheeks short but distinct. Flagellum tapering, the funicle joints ‘stout, somewhat longer than wide, 2 a little longer than 1; terminal spine distinct, rather long. Pedicel a little shorter than funicle 1. Axille not advanced. Caudal marginal cilia of hind wing somewhat shorter than the greatest width of the blade yet moderate in length. Fore wings with about 20, caudal wings with about 6 lines of discal cilia where widest. Club joints 1 and 2 each twice longer than wide, longest of the flagellum. From one female captured by sweeping in jungle, May 30, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2524, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. ”%. ACHRYSOCHARELLA GLABRISCUTELLUM new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Like Achrysocharis clariscutellum occidentalis but larger and the antenne and wings as dn the typical form of that variety. Venation yellow; the stigmal vein black and with a fuscous dash from its apex. -Pedicel very long, as long as the funicle. Agrees in every particular with clariscutellum clariscutellum except the sculpture of the seutellum and the generic character. Scutum finely punctate. Compared with type of clariscutellum clariscutellum whose antenne bear but one ring-joint. Legs white except coxe. Probably a variety of -clariscutellum (if so that species belongs here). From one female caught in forest, June, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Burnett Heads, Southern Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2525, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 8. ACHRYSOCHARELLA VARICLAVA new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Differing from dubia in the yollowing particulars only: The distal two club joints are black (the distal joint in dubia), the posterior wings are narrower, with only five lines of disea} cilia where widest (seven in dubia) and the fore wings are more slender, about 20 lines of cilia where widest (about 26 in dubia). Also the caudal coxe are entirely concolorous and the caudal femur bears a distinct blackish blotch dorsad at proximal third. Compared with type of dubia. From one female caught in forest, May 12, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Chindera, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2526, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Chrysocharella «nea differs from Chrysocharella consobrinus in having the first two pairs -of tibiw yellewish white, the scape blackish only at tip and otherwise as described. Cephalic tibie yellow in consobrinus, the middle tibia so at distal half. In its original description, line 4, more yellowish should read less yellowish. The species enea differs from Achrysocharis atripes in that the latter has the scape all concolorous, the antenne distinctly less compact, hoth funicle joints not wider than long, the first smaller than the second as in @nea; the ‘stigmal vein in atripes is distinctly shorter, subsessile, the postmarginal barely developed; the’ ~ AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV —GIRAULT. 207 wings in atripes also distinctly narrower and the legs differ in color. The species consobrinus differs from atripes much as does enea. In atripes, the mandibles are bidentate. Chrysocharella niveipes differs markedly from Achrysocharis maculatipennis in the compact antennxy, funicles 1 and 2 subequal, distinctly wider than long. In C. fasciatipennis, the first two pairs of legs are all white or practically so except coxe. Achrysocharella dubia has broad fore wings with short marginal fringes (about 30 lines of discal cilia), the hind coxew are white except at base, the pedicel above dusky. Funicle 1 quadrate, 2 somewhat longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate. Pedicel longest of the flagellum. CHRYSOCHAROMYTA new genus of A. P. Dodd. Like Achrysocharoides Girault but the antenne with three ring-joints. Type: The following species (elongata). 1. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA ELONGATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Long and slender. Brilliant metallic coppery green; abdomen golden yellow, green at its base laterad and with five dusky cross-stripes across from basal fifth to two thirds the length, the first and last stripes partly obliterated; tip of abdomen black; eyes garnet; legs and antennal scape very pale yellow, the pedicel darker, rest of antenne black. Mandibles tridentate, the teeth acute. Funicle 1 longer than pedicel, 3 barely two thirds the length of 1; club a little longer than funicle 1; first club joint as long as preceding joint, a little longer than the second; flagellum with rather sparse, long thin hairs. Wings hyaline, scarcely reaching apex of abdomen; venation yellow, the postmarginal vein somewhat longer than the stigmal. Abdomen conic-ovate, elongate, fully twice as long as the thorax. Thorax with fine scaly reticulation, the lines not raised, the propodeum smooth, with a short median carina. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, January 27, 1913. Habitat: Magnetic Island (near Townsville), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2527, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag, the head on a slide. Later, a female from Brisbane, March 10, 1913 (H. Hacker). 2. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA MANDIBULARIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.15 mm. Slender. Dark metallic green, the legs, abdomen and scape pale yellow, the abdomen washed lightly with metallic, which forms about four subdusky cross-stripes. The valves of ovipositor metallic and tip of abdomen. Antenne with funicle 1 a little shorter and stouter than 2 which is one and two third times longer than its width, much longer than the pedicel which is subequal to the slender third club joint whose terminal seta is distinctly shorter than itself; club 1 a little longer than 2, subequal to funicle 1 but slenderer, the body of club 3 distinctly shorter than club 1. Mandibles 7-dentate, the four inner teeth comblike. Postmarginal vein elongate, nearly twice the length of the moderate stigmal, the marginal very long, the sub- marginal distinctly broken. Flagellum black. Scutellum except along the meson and caudad, the propodeum and the axille suffused with brown. Parapsidal furrows apparently but half complete from caudad. Sculpture, fine polygons. Propodeum with a faint median carina, subglabrous. Fore wings with a more or less rounded stain under stigmal vein and distal end of marginal. Abdomen with a short petiole. From one female captured in jungle, January 17, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonyale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2528, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag, head on a slide. 208 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 8. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA DODDI new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Dark metallic purple, the wings hyaline, the abdomen, legs and antenne pale honey yellow, the abdomen with four pairs of purplish marginal dots, the fifth pair subobsolete, the dots from base to distal two thirds. Thorax scaly reticulate, the lines not raised, the parapsidal furrows complete, distinct; scutum with a small fovea at meson of caudal margin. Postmarginal vein much longer than the stigmal. Abdomen subpetiolate. Mandibles distinctly tridentate. Funicle joints all somewhat longer than the pedicel, 2 a little the longest, about twice its own width, 1 wider than it; the two club joints a little shorter than the funicle joints. Tip of ovipositor black. From one female captured in jungle. Named for A. P. Dodd. Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. ' Type: No. Hy 2529, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide with type of Chrysocharella albifemur Girault. 4. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA CYANEICORPUS new species. Female:—Length, 1.58 mm. Dark metallic blue with greenish reflections, the fore wings uniformly, moderately lightly embrowned from proximal third of marginal vein to apex; legs yellowish brown except cephalic coxa, which is concolorous. Scape and pedicel colored like the legs but rest of antenne black. Pedicel a little dusky, distinctly much shorter than any of the funicle joints which are long, subequal, each about thrice or more longer than wide, longer than the club joints; club with a distinct, conspicuous terminal seta; flagellum tapering. Mandibles 6-dentate, tridentate in the usual way, then with three comb-like teeth along the mesal oblique truncation of the third tooth. Base of abdomen brilliant green. Face gently wrinkled; vertex polished; thorax scaly reticulated, the scutellam with a more or less distinct median sulcus at proximal fourth. Propodeum faintly scaly, abdomen a little more plainly so. Parapsidal furrows extremely narrow at cephalic fourth, otherwise normal, complete, deep. Abdomen with a transverse petiole which is yellow, the second segment ceeupying only a fifth of the surface. Axille only slightly advanced. Propodeum bicarinate, the median carina absent. Postmarginal vein somewhat longer than the stigmal, the latter short. From one female caught with doddi. Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. : em Type: No. Hy 2530, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 5. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA INZEREA new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Bright golden yellow, the wings hyaline; funicle 1 dusky, club dusky black. Abdomen patterned with black dorsad as follows: ‘Two short dusky transverse dashes across meson just out from base, side by side, followed at regular intervals by two narrow complete black cross-bands, each with a short transverse dash at meson just caudad; then at the next interval (at about distal two thirds) two short dashes across meson side by side (that is near together, cephalo-caudad) ; then a complete cross-stripe without a dash caudad of it; this distal stripe is at a little over distal three fourths. Tip of valves of ovipositor black. Propodeum with a short median carina. Thorax scaly. Postmarginal vein subequal to stigmal, the marginal long. Mandibles strongly tridentate. Funicle joints short, 1 subéqual to pedicel, a little longer than wide, 2 and 3 subquadrate. Club with a short nipple, the first joint longer than the second, subquadrate. From one female labelled ‘‘ Forest, 10-10-13. G. F. Hill.’’ Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territory. Type: No. Hy 2531, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, head on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 209 6. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA VARINOTATA new species. Female:—Length, 1.60 mm. Allied with inerea. Pale honey or golden yellow, the mesothorax orange yellow, the wings hyaline. Occipital margin of vertex, median line of scutellum broadly and clavately (the narrow end caudad), apex of abdomen and valves of ovipositor, pronotum except a golden round spot at caudal margin at lateral margin, parapsidal furrows and cephalic margin of scutum, axille, median line of seutum narrowly and propodeum except at caudal margin near lateral margin, blue- black. Abdomen with five complete cross-stripes of black between base and apex and at the interval of a stripe a short transverse dash across meson between stripes 3 and 4. Propodeum with a short, complete median carina. Mandibles strongly tridentate. Scape pale yellow, dusky black above at proximal two thirds and at tip; rest of antenna black. Vertex subdusky. Funicle 1 thickened and a little longer than 2 or 3, the latter nearly twice longer than wide, somewhat longer than the pedicel. Distal club joint shortest of the flagellum, its terminal spine short, stout, distinct. Thorax scaly. Abdomen slender, conic-ovate. From one female caught at 1,000 feet, forest, Upper Tweed River, May 17, 1914°(A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2532, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag with type of inerea, head on slide with type Achrysocharella variclava Girault. 7. CHRYSOCHAROMYIA BICOLORITHORAX new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Agrees with the description of elongata Girault, but the face below the antenne and sides and venter of thorax also golden yellow, the abdomen is shorter, the postmarginal vein shorter, only slightly longer than the stigmal; also funicle 2 is slightly the longest joint of the funicle and the terminal spine of the club is decidedly longer, distinctly over half the length of distal club joint (less than that in elongata). The mandibles are smaller. Caudal wings -acute, with about five lines of sparse cilia where broadest. Thorax reticulated, the parapsidal furrows complete. Longest marginal fringes of fore wing somewhat less than a fourth of the greatest width, a little shorter than the caudal fringes of the hind wing. Pedicel subequal to funicle 1, which is distinctly longer than wide and a little shorter than either of the first two club joints. Differs from Achrysocharella quinquefasciata in bearing distinctly longer marginal fringes on the fore wing, the mandibles, colour of head and thorax, longer terminal spine of club, shorter funicle 1, and so on. Compared with types of the two species mentioned. zom one female captured by sweeping in forest, April 24, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2533, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. PSEUDOSECODES new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Agreeing with Secodella Girault but the propodeum has a short median carina and the antenne are different. Antenne 11-jointed, two ring-joints, five distinet funicle joints and a 2-jointed club, the apical joint with a terminal spur. Posterior tibie with one spur. 1. PSEUDOSECODES SPLENDIDUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 3.10 mm. Dark metallic blue-green, the legs (except the three proximal joints of all the tarsi which are pale straw yellow) concolorous; antennz concolorous but the scape is reddish. Propodeum short, scaly. Wings hyaline, the discal ciliation arranged as in Secodella. Marginal vein nearly as long as the submarginal, stigmal short, postmarginal two and a half fe) 210 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. times the length of stigmal. Pedicel distinctly shorter than funicle 1, 2 distinctly longer than 1, 3 subequal to 2, 4 shorter than 3, 5 shorter than 4, subequal to 1 which is about twice as long as wide; club somewhat longer than funicle 2, the first club joint as long as funicle 5, longer than the second club joint. From one female captured by sweeping in jungle, October 19, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Harvey’s Creek (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2534, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and posterior legs on a slide. NEOCHRYSOCHARELLA new genus of A. P. Dodd. Female :—WLike Achrysocharella Girault but the parapsidal furrows are incomplete, only barely indicated anteriorly (deep, distinct and complete in Achrysocharella) and the propodeum bears a median carina and the axille are much advanced. Type: Achrysocharella enea Girault. 1. NEOCHRYSOCHARELLA ZNELLA (Girault). ‘¢ Dark metallic green, cox concolorous, femora concolorous; tibia and tarsi bright golden yellow, also the antennal scape; rest of antenne dusky black. Fore wings broad; hyaline, marginal vein longer than the submarginal, stigmal vein short, the postmarginal no longer than the stigmal. Club rather loosely jointed, tapering and with a short terminal spur. Thorax with scaly reticulation, the reticulation in raised lines, the propodeum nearly smooth. Abdomen conic-ovate, somewhat longer and wider than the thorax. Mandibles tridentate, the inner tooth truncate. With the habitus of the Pediobiini and the venation of the Entedonini. ‘¢ From a female sweeping in jungle, type locality, January 15, 1914 (A. P. Dodd).’’— A, P. Dodd. Chrysocharella pulchra and fasciatipennis belong here and probably Achrysocharella pulchrella. ENCYRTOMPHALE new genus. Female :—Form small, like a small mirine encyrtid, the abdomen short, acute. Antenne 8-jointed with a long cylindrical solid club equal in length to the rest of the flagellum; pedicel large, oval, nearly as long as the funicle and much wider; one thick ring-joint which is distinctly narrower than the funicle; four funicle joints of which the first two are like large ring-joints being much wider than long, the distal over twice their length yet still wider than long. Mandibles bidentate, the inner tooth obtuse. Hind tibial spurs single. Marginal vein short, not twice the length of the stigmal and much shorter than the submarginal, the postmarginal absent. Parapsidal furrows complete, the scutellum simple. Marginal fringes of fore wing rather longer than usual, the discal cilia normal but scattered and like minute dots. 1. ENCYRTOMPHALE PARVULICORPUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.48 mm. Dark metallic green, the legs (except hind femur and tibie broadly at middle and hind coxa), scape and pedicel pale yellow; rest of antenna black. Wings hyaline. Funicle 1 a little shorter than 2, 3 a little shorter than 4. Club without a terminal nipple. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, January 4, 1913. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2535, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 211 PARASECODELLA new genus. Female:—In my table of genera running to Omphalomorpha Girault but differing in ‘having the venation as in the Entedonini, that is, the marginal vein long and slender (but here no longer than the long submarginal), the postmarginal barely developed, much shorter than ‘the stigmal which is very short, subsessile. Fore wings with distinct normal discal ciliation, which, however, though rather dense, is minute. Propodeum longer, quite as in the Elachertini, ‘the median carina distinct, no others. Funicle filiform, the club enlarged, in relation to the funicle somewhat as in Polynema but not quite as enlarged. Otherwise very similar to ‘Omphalomorpha. Abdomen conic-ovate but no longer than the rest of the body. Mandibles itridentate. Hind tibial spur single. 1. PARASECODELLA DICKENSI new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Deep black with a purplish lustre, the scape except above near tip and first three tarsal joints white; also knees and tips of tibia. Thorax (except propodeum) finely polygonally “scaly; propodeum smooth, no sculpture; wings hyaline. Pedicel somewhat longer than funicle 1 which is longest, one third longer than wide, funicle 4 shortest, globular oval, a little longer than wide; club with a distinct terminal nipple, the two first joints subquadrate. From one female captured in forest, February 16, 1912 (A. M. Lea and A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonyale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2536, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; hind leg, a ‘fore wing and a head on a slide. Dedicated to Charles Dickens. EPOMPHALE new genus. Female :—Like Achrysocharis Girault but the club is 2-jointed, the antennew 7-jointed. Marginal vein much longer than the submarginal, the postmarginal barely developed. Form ~small. 1. EPOMPHALE AURIVENTRIS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.70 mm. Metallic purple, the thorax with very fine sculpture somewhat as in the Tetrastichini, the legs and abdomen golden yellow, the latter with two distinct cross-stripes of black close ‘together at distal third and indications of a third stripe just proximad of the others. Antenne pallid, without a distinct terminal seta but with several long but colorless lateral apical sete. Pedical longer than either funicle joint both of which are distinctly longer than wide but not long, 2 a little longer than 1; club slender, conic ovate, longer than the funicle, divided near middle. Wings hyaline, the fore wing slender (about 15 lines of discal cilia where widest), its marginal cilia moderately long, the longest about a third the greatest wing width or some- what less. Hind wings acuminate, where widest with about three lines of discal cilia, the caudal marginal fringes a little longer than the longest marginal cilia of the fore wing. Diseal cilia of the latter caudo-proximad bounded by a convex line of cilia. From one female captured by sweeping secondary forest growths, January 8, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2537, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. PAROMPHALE new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—lLike Achrysocharella Girault but the antennal elub only 2-jointed, the distal joint formed by a constriction which appears to be nonarticulated; it terminates in a nipple. Mandibles long, nearly twice longer than wide, with three very distinct, acute teeth. Pedicel bo par bo MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. stout, subequal to the two funicle joints which are one and a half times longer than wide but shorter than the rather long, proximal joint of the club. Abdomen conic-ovate. Postmarginal vein long and slender, longer than the moderate stigmal. If the constriction of the club is nonarticulated, the antenne are 6-jointed. Mandibular teeth spreading. Male :—Not known. Type: The following species. 1. PAROMPHALE FLAVICORPUS new species. Female :—Length, 0.85 mm. Dull honey yellow, the wings hyaline, the abdomen with three distinct cross-stripes of black, the first longest. Thorax reticulated, the lines not raised. Antenna with scattered, long, fine hairs. Marginal vein longer than the submarginal, the latter distinctly broken. Propodeum with a faint median carina, fuscous. Tip of abdomen black. Fore wings with about twenty-four lines of discal cilia where broadest. Described from one female captured by sweeping at the base of Pyramid Mountain, forest, February 13, 1912. One antenna bore but a single funicle joint, the club correspondingly longer but otherwise as described (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 3460, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a slide. CLOSTEROMPHALE new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female:—Form slender. Antenne inserted below the middle of the face, 8-jointed, two- ring, four funicle joints, the club solid, not enlarged. Mandibles tridentate. Scutellum simple,. the parapsidal furrows complete. Marginal vein longer than the submarginal, the postmarginal and stigmal veins of moderate length, the former longer; marginal vein long; wings infuscated. Abdomen conic-ovate, longer than the rest of the body. Propodeum short at meson, with a weak carina there, the surface reticulated. Hind tibial spur short, single. Type: The following species. 1. CLOSTEROMPHALE BILINEATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.05 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdomen bronze coppery, the head spotted with coppery and the scutum and scutellum with a distinet, rather broad coppery stripe down each side of meson (from pronotum to apex of scutellum). Legs and antenna concolorous but funicle 3, knees, a band around tibia just before tip, the tarsi and both ends of the scape, yellowish white. Thorax densely scaly. Funicle joints subquadrate; club over half the length of the funicle,. the pedicel barely longer than the funicle joints taken separately; scape moderately long. Fore wing with two conspicuous blotches of sooty, one from apex of stigmal vein, the other from near base (proximal end) of the marginal, the distal blotch the larger, rounded, extending nearly across the blade, the proximal one more elliptical, also extending nearly across, the space between them suffused with sooty except just under the marginal vein. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in the jungle, December 2, 1913° (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 3461, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the foregoing female on a tag; hind: legs and head on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 213 GENUS CLOSTEROCERUS Westwood. 1. CLOSTEROCERUS SAINTPIERREI Girault. Antea, p. 157, line 5 of the description, two areas should read two arms. 2. CLOSTEROCERUS ZANGWILLI Girault. Antea, p. 158, line 5 of the description, margin should read apex. 3. CLOSTEROCERUS WESTWOODI new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Dark metallic green, the abdomen, head and legs dark blue, the tarsi and first two +tibie whitish. Parapsidal furrows distinet but cephalad near the pronotum turned off rather abruptly laterad not reaching the pronotum. Agrees otherwise with mirus but the bands of the fore wing are blacker, the apical one covers nearly the whole of the apical edge of the wing while the proximal blotch is replaced by a distinct loop or hook-shaped black marking which leaves the marginal vein a little distad of its middle, runs a rather short distance disto-caudad and then curves rather sharply at right angles to the caudal margin running diffusely along ‘this proximad over half way to base. Scutellum longer and less rounded at apex than as with mirus. Mandibles tridentate. First two tibize dusky just below knees. From one female caught in jungle, May 2, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Tweed Heads (Tweed River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2538, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. Dedicated to John Obadiah Westwood. 4, CLOSTEROCERUS ROSTANDI new species. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Bright metallic green, the abdomen except at base above, legs and the antenna dark blue, the tarsi white. Parapsidal furrows curving off before reaching pronotum, the thorax densely -sealy. Postmarginal vein as long as the stigmal. Characterized by the fore wing which is without stripes, only with a distinct black substigmal spot which, however, nearly reaches caudal margin opposite but fades rapidly from the middle of the wing, the latter broad. Mandibles bidentate. Funicle joints subequal, subquadrate, larger than the club joints taken separately. ‘Terminal spur of club distinct. Hind wings with about 11 lines of discal cilia where widest. From one female caught May 30, 1914, in forest (A. P. Dodd). 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A ew * ead On b othe ©, COWERRARTIORUS TAL NAS feet fipecien Wp Pada aegit bint Poet ap ee pea Eee a jad ab fue ‘omg, } Pes}: Sie einin®, hid he fale ccig hem lite hai ES Pears sia whrginel., Bote th eet per ptt el clad ea ae An a Avr arte, widen tne, ‘ring benal appt SUSE: 9 ah Bit: Line: 5 Di ith Af allen Cerrar: sea MP, vive hy ebay teh bes Wiha peep The aide ‘a. Rute Rod Bhslawhek inna yolkfecre, aah ih SentyeR siyw't; Aleta i tg pean pal, gart » pee pat bechdaa yi hoty er, bad ‘ut %) i AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 227 ~valves black. A long cuneate piece adjoining the axilla and distinctly caudad of it extending along each side of scutellum to the latter’s middle is concolorous with the axilla. Funicle 3 longer than pedicel by a little. From one female captured in forest, January 2, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Lype: No. Hy 2566, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag. 10. OOTETRASTICHUS SUBFASCIATIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.17 mm. Very similar to fasciativentris but the abdomen bears three cross-stripes (and an -obscure fourth at apex) on somewhat over distal third, preceded by three marginal spots, the proximal pair at base; also the general coloration is golden yellow and the black valves of the ovipositor are distinctly extruded. Mandibles tridentate. From one female captured in forest, January 14, 1912. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2567, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. 11. OOTETRASTICHUS SEPTEMGUTTATUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Pale lemon yellow, the wings hyaline, the body marked with dark metallic green as follows: A subcordate marking on cephalic third of scutum, a diamond-shaped spot on lateral angle of pronotum, axille and a large area just latero-caudad of it, propodeum except along the meson, three wedgeshaped marginal spots on abdomen (increasing in size -distad, the third at distal two thirds, their acute apices pointing mesad), a round spot at the meson at distal three fourths and opposite to this at the margin a very minute dot. Valves of ovipositor black. Funicle 1 distinctly much longer than 2 or 3 which are subequal and somewhat shorter than the pedicel. Mandibles tridentate. Stigmal vein long. Propo- deum with a median carina and no others excepting a very narrow carina just laterad of the spiracle. From one female captured by sweeping forest, March 28, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2568, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 12. OOTETRASTICHUS PULCHRINOTATUS new species. Female :—ULength, 1.30 mm. Bright golden yellow, the wings hyaline, the antenne dusky black. Marked with dark metallic green as follows: A peltate area on face just ventrad of insertion of antenne, -ocellar area, pronotum, parapsides, axille, a subcordate area on cephalic scutum along about cephalic third and not reaching laterad to margins, seutellum between first grooves, distal two thirds of seutellum between first and second grooves, hind coxa and _ propodeum; -abdomen with a spot at center of base, lateral margins from base a short distance, then five large marginal spots between end of lateral marginal green and apex, these spots in the shape of an elbow, parallel with and along the margin a short distance then proximad turned mesad a short distance, the mesal arm slight on first pair, increasing distad, long on fifth pair and approaching each other (as regards the fifth pair), forming an interrupted (at meson) cross-stripe. A narrow cross-stripe between fifth marginal spot and apex. Valves of ovipositor black at tip. Distal two funicle joints nearly equal, a little longer than the pedicel, 1 much longer, over twice longer than wide. Third tooth of mandible obliquely truncate. Propodeum with a median carina and, apparently, a lateral carina directly from spiracle. Distal half of mesopleurum metallic green. From one female captured by sweeping forest, April, 20, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2569, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. to bo 19.2) 13. OOTETRASTICHUS VIRIDICYANEUS new species. Female :—ULength, 1.15 mm. Metallic blue-green, the head sordid yellow, the basal third of abdomen suffused with whitish. Wings hyaline. Legs white except hind coxa and bases of others which are metallic. Antennz whitish, suffused with dusky. Pedicel subelongate, dusky at base above, subequal to funicle 1 which is distinctly longer than 2; 3 slightly shorter than 2; funicle 1 shorter than the club, thrice its own width, not excessively long; funicle 2 somewhat less. than twice longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate. Stigmal vein long. Upper occiput metallic. From one female caught by sweeping miscellaneous vegetation, October 5, 1911. Habitat: Roma, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2570, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with type: appendages of Neomphaloidella semiflaviceps. 14. OOTETRASTICHUS QUADRIGUTTATIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Dark metallic blue-green, the wings hyaline; abdomen, head and legs golden yellow except hind coxa; abdomen marked with dark metallic green as follows: The whole ventral aspect, the whole dorsal aspect except proximal fourth and two rather large (wider than long). yellow spots longitudinally on each side of the meson in the distal half of proximal half; the yellow proximal fourth bears a narrow cross-stripe of greenish about distal three fourths. and is margined with greenish to the cross-stripe but not broadly. Lateral aspect of abdomen golden yellow. A U-shaped green marking over the ocelli. Antennz wholly dusky; funicle 1 a little shorter than the club, 3 a little shorter than the pedicel, somewhat longer than wide.. A row of small punctures along caudal margin of pronotum. Mandibles tridentate. Pro- pleurum just above coxa lemon yellow, also the tegula. The narrow caudal apex of each parapside lemon yellow. Propodeum with a median carina only, scaly. Type re-examined. From one female captured by sweeping forest, April 3, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2571, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a. slide. A second female was captured a few days later in about the same place. 15. OOTETRASTICHUS PURPUREICORPUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Compared with type of gloriosus. Wholly dark metallic purple, the legs (including cox) white, the seape dusky pallid; rest of antenna black and like those of sublustris but the funicle joints all longer, 1 being as long as the club. Propodeum with a distinct median carina and no others but the lateral and caudal margins are carinated (apparently the same in sublustris). Abdomen somewhat acuminate toward tip. Closely allied with sublustris from which it differs in general coloration, in having the hind coxe colored like the legs and funicle 1 as long as the club. In both species, the funicle joints gradually decrease in length. Similar in every respect to gloriosus but purple and the flagellum is black (not merely dusky), funicle 3 plainly twice: longer than wide, plainly longer than the pedicel. From one female caught in jungle, March 1, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2572, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. In the table of species, antea, p. 221, line 10 of the table, funicle 3 should read club 2.. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 229 GENUS TRICHAPOROIDELLA Girault. Synonym: Aprostoceroloides Girault. 1. TRICHAPOROIDELLA DECORA Girault. This species belongs to Neotrichaporoides Giranlt which see. 2. TRICHAPOROIDELLA DUBIA Girault. The type specimen was taken November 3, 1912. 3. TRICHAPOROIDELLA SPECIOSUS (Girault). Genotype of Aprostoceroloides. The median groove of scutum is absent. ‘ype re-examined. 4, TRICHAPOROIDELLA MARGIVENTRIS (Girault). From Aprostoceroloides. Type re-examined. The marginal stripe of abdomen is dark metallic green. A second female taken in the type locality, November 7, 1913 bore two dots in a longitudinal line on meson of abdomen, distinctly distad of the apex of the marginal stripes. Median carina of propodeum long and thin. 5. TRICHAPOROIDELLA PARTICOLOR new species. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Slender. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the legs white, the hind coxa washed with metallic above; ventral half of head, propleura, prepectus, tegula, cephalic margin of meso- pleurum, an ovate spot filling center of abdomen at base, meson of abdominal venter and sides of abdomen at proximal third, honey yellow. Propodeum coarsely scaly, with a distinct median carina, the sculpture nearly punctate, rougher than the rest of the thorax; caudal and lateral margins carinated. Funicle joints each shortening; 1 elongate, nearly as long as the club (three fourths its length), much longer than the pedicel which is somewhat shorter than joint 3 which is much longer than wide. From one female caught November 3, 1912 on banks of the river. Jungle. Habitat: Proserpine, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2573, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the antenna on a slide. ; 6. TRICHAPOROIDELLA RADIUS new species. Female:—The same as eleganta in stature and so forth but differing in the following particulars: The stripe down meson of pronotum is somewhat narrower, the scutum the same but the large green marking is obtusely conical there leaving distinctly more than the lateral margins yellow (the space between lateral margin of scutum and lateral margin of the green marking at cephalic margin is twice broader); the stripe down meson of scutellum is somewhat narrower, the spot on axille oval and thus smaller while the abdomen though similarly margined bears only three complete cross-stripes, one distad of ends of marginal stripes with a cephalic projection at meson (and slight ones at each margin), one joining the ends of the marginal stripes and one preceding this farther proximad; between this first stripe and base, two cross-stripes are slightly indicated by short projections mesad from each margin. Lateral margin of propodeum margined, the lateral carine absent, the median distinct. In eleganta, the cephalic half (or nearly) of each parapside, except along lateral margin, is metallic green. In radius, the cephalic third of that selerite is metallic green; the scape except at tip is yellowish; rest of antenna dusky black. 230 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. From one female captured by sweeping forest, March 30, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2574, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a» slide. A female taken in forest, same locality, February 16, 1912 (A. M. Lea and A.A.G.) had no distinct stripes on abdomen but two stripes within the margined part were indicated from each side; the funicle and club were yellow not blackish. This new variety may take the- name of perfecta. No type. Both eleganta and radius bear a spot on latero-caudal angle of pronotum just cephalad of the green on the parapside. Types of both species compared. 7. TRICHAPOROIDELLA MAUPAUSSANTI new species. Female :—Length, 1.40 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the legs, ventral third of head, center of propleurum, tegule and abdomen except at distal third and lateral margins obscurely all round, dorsad, dull golden yellow; three dusky stripes on abdomen dorsad across the yellow proximal portion. Scape yellow except at tip above, the rest of antenne fuscous. Pedicel a little shorter than funicle 3, funicle 1 shorter than the club, nearly thrice longer than wide,. longest. Pedicel long. Postscutellum brownish. Propodeum with median carina and no others, scaly. Scutum naked. Color of abdomen darkens rapidly after drying. Surface of- propodeum not as rough as in sube@nea whose scutum is also naked. From one female caught in forest, January 25, 1913. Habitat: Townsville, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2575, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. Dedicated to Guy de Maupaussant. 8. TRICHAPOROIDELLA PESSULUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.83 mm. Very similar to the preceding but all of head except vertex and the sides and venter of thorax are golden yellow, the body is stouter and the three cross-stripes on abdomen are interrupted at meson, the third longest (cephalo-caudad); the lateral margin of abdomen is- more distinctly margined dorsad. Postscutellum concolorous. From one female caught January 23, 1913 sweeping forest. Habitat: Townsville, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2576, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag with type- of preceding species. Genus TETRASTICHOMORPHA Girault. 1. TETRASTICHOMORPHA FLAVA Girault. This species differs in color from Neotrichaporoides wniguttatus as described. The fore wing is large, the marginal vein long, much longer than the submarginal, the stigmat short. A dot at extreme caudo-lateral angle of the pronotum (flava only). There is a median carina on the propodeum in both species and no other carine; both are large yet slender. Types re-examined. The species flava measures 2.20 mm. Propodeal spiracle round. Funicle and club black; wings hyaline; tip of valves of ovipositor black; club terminating in a nipple. The type female was taken in forest, April 5, 1913. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. bo wo an 2. TETRASTICHOMORPHA ZNEICORPUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Dark eneous green, the wings hyaline, the legs white except hind coxex, the scape white except at tip; rest of antenne black. A small triangle of lemon yellow just in front of cephalic ocellus. Propodeum with a distinct median carina and no others, the sculpture roughly pelygonally scaly. Abdomen metallic blue. Median suleus of scutum incomplete cephalad. Abdomen sculptured like the thorax, conic-ovate, a little longer than the rest of the body. Second ring-joint short, the pedicel long, a little shorter than the distal club joint which is about one and three fourths times longer than broad; first funicle joint subequal to the club, a fourth longer than the second, which is a little over twice longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate, but the third tooth emarginate and oblique at apex. Marginal vein longer than the submarginal, long, the stigmal short, with a short neck. Described from one female caught by sweeping in the bed of a forest streamlet, December 4, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Gordonvale, near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 3481, a female on a tag, the head on a slide. GENUS SELITRICHODELLA Girault. 1. SELITRICHODELLA MIRA Girault. The species measures about 1.15 mm. and is associated with a gall on the midrib of leaves of cockatoo apple. Posterior wings acutely pointed. The type specimens were reared December 15, 1912 and are together on a slide. A female at Cairns, Queensland, by sweeping in forest, October 25, 1911. The proximal funicle joint is somewhat shorter than each of the other two. The scape is distinctly compressed, more so than with meteora, described next. It is more robust than meteora. 2. SELITRICHODELLA METEORA new species. Length, 0.63 mm. Like mira but distad the abdomen bears one complete cross-stripe of purple between the ends of the cut-off marginal stripe, a spot of purple dorsad centrally at tip and the indications from each side of a second cross-stripe a little proximad of the first. Both mandibles bidentate, the inner tooth broadly truncate, the mandibles weak. The two distal funicle joints subequal, each a little longer than the first, a little shorter than the pedicel. Coxe concolorous. Female: Described from a single female captured from a window, September, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2577, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 3. SELITRICHODELLA PURPUREITHORAX new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Like meteora Girault but the abdomen more slender, longer than the rest of the body, its tip distinctly rather broadly purple and the stripes on the abdomen are reversed and more pronounced—thus at the termination of the marginal stripe on each side not far from the purple of tip there is an indication from each side of a cross-stripe and a complete, distinct cross-stripe farther proximad (farther proximad than the indicated cross-stripe in meteora and farther from ends of the marginal stripes), at about somewhat more than distal 232 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. third. Also base of abdomen is not narrowly purple; marginal purple of abdomen tends to be broader distad, narrowing toward base. Otherwise the same as meteora as far as can be told. The species meteora bears a complete median carina on propodeum which is very short at the meson but lateral carine appear to be absent. Also in this new species, the mandibles are tridentate. Propodeum not clearly seen, short at the meson. From one female captured in jungle, December 27, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Harvey’s Creek (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2578, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 4, SELITRICHODELLA COMETES new species. Female :—Length, 1.05 mm. Like mira but the center of scape above and funicle 1 are also purple; funicles 2 and 3 subequal, 2 longer. Mandibles bidentate, the second tooth emarginate at apex. Propodeum with a median carina and a lateral one on each side of the spiracle, close to the latter but not true lateral carine. From one female caught on bushes, November 10, 1913 (G. F. Hill). Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territory. Type: No. Hy 2579, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. 5. SELITRICHODELLA SULFUREIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Abdomen no longer than the thorax. Brilliant dark metallic purple, the antenne, legs, and abdomen immaculate, pale sulphur yellow, the wings hyaline. Cephalic cox mostly concolorous. Funicles 2 and 3 subequal, each a little longer than 1, each distinctly longer than wide, the pedicel somewhat shorter. Funicle 3 distinctly shorter than the club. Mandibles bidentate. Propodeum with several carine just laterad of the spiracle and one on each side of it. From one female reared from cecidoymiid galls on Careya australis, December, 1912 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2580, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 6. SELITRICHODELLA SPISSIGRADA new species. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Abdomen longer than rest of body, conic. Black, the wings hyaline, the scape and legs pale, the hind coxa black; scutum long, lateral margins of parapsides with slight traces of yellow; antenne dusky; the pedicel dusky above, otherwise subpallid, moderately long, shorter than funicle 1, subequal to funicle 2 which is longer than 3, the latter distinctly longer than wide; funicle 1 over twice longer than wide, distinctly shorter than the club which bears a short terminal spine. Mandibles tridentate, the teeth short and obtuse. Oral area yellowish. Fore wing with about 25 lines of rather fine discal cilia where widest, the stigmal vein long. Valves of ovipositor projecting a little. Mesopostscutellum orange yellow; propodeum very short at meson, without noticeable carinw. From one female from the Queensland Museum, through the kindness of Dr. Hamlyn- Harris, collected among undergrowth (mostly Eucalypti), April 16, 1913 (H. Hacker). Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2581, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, thorax on a tag, head and abdptien on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 233 7. SELITRICHODELLA AURIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.10 mm. Same as sulfwreiventris but the whole head is golden yellow, the abdomen longer than the thorax, the funicle joints longer, thus 3 is nearly twice longer than wide (plainly not so in the other species) and on the propodeum the carina along the mesal side of the spiracle is crescentic, joining the opposite carina at each end while in the other species it is not regularly curved and diverges more or less cephalad, the opposite carina curving correspondingly with it. And the mandibles are distinctly tridentate. Propodeum with a median carina. From one female captured by sweeping along edge of jungle, May, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2582, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. GENUS SELITRICHODES Girault. The seutellum bears four sulci. 1. SELITRICHODES FASCIATIVENTRIS Girault. Length, 1.20 mm. The two black abdominal stripes are somewhat proximad of middle. A more or less obscure dusky spot near the tegula. Funicle joints subequal, subquadrate; club slightly longer than the funicle. The types were reared from galls on Eucalyptus and are four females on a slide. The scutellum bears four sulci. Types re-examined. 2. SELITRICHODES MORUM (Girault). Removed from Tetrastichodes which see. Type re-examined. Funicle 2 distinctly shorter than 3; stigmal vein over half the length of the marginal. ; 3. SELITRICHODES FLAVISCUTELLUM (Girault). Removed from Syntomosphyrum. Type re-examined; it consists of the female taken at Ayr, Queensland. The ring-joints have not been verified. 4. SELITRICHODES DARWINI new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Black, the wings hyaline, the head suffused with yellow, the cephalic femora, the trechanters, knees, tibie, tarsi and antenne white. Mandibles distinctly tridentate. Scutum very long. Pedicel somewhat longer than funicle 1 which is a little longer than wide, much larger than either of the other funicle joints which are small and narrow, joint 2 a little wider than long, 3 subquadrate, not quite half the length of 1 and distinctly narrower; club longer than the funicle, without a distinct terminal seta. Scape slightly compressed. Discal cilia of fore wing fine and dense, the blade large, obtusely rounded at apex. Tarsal joints short. Differs from morwm in that the stigmal vein is short (very long in morum), the body more robust and the color different. From one female taken from window of a granary, October 6, 1911. Habitat: Roma, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2583; Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a slide. 5. SELITRICHODES ROTUNDIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.55 mm. Short, robust, the abdomen nearly round. Black or brown-black, the head, legs, antenne, lateral margins of scutum, mesopleura, seutellum and (less distinctly) the base of abdomen across from margin to margin, bright lemon yellow. Hind coxa blackish, the hind femur a little dusky laterad at middle, the legs pallid. 234 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Pedicel distinctly longer than funicle 1 which is subquadrate, longer than 2 which is narrower and subquadrate, 3 like 2 but shorter, hence wider than long. Mandibles with three acute teeth. Stigmal vein shorter than with morum which this species resembles in form. This species resembles closely flaviscutellum Girault but the fore wings are narrower, the base of the abdomen yellowish, the cephalic margin of scutum not yellow, the hind femur not dusky along proximal half and the abdomen is rounded, not cylindrical (though obtuse at apex) as in flaviscutellum. From one female captured in forest, December 24, 1912. Habitat: Capeville (Pentland), Queensland. Type: No. Ily 24584, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. GeNus NEOTETRASTICHODES Girault. Antea, p. 228, line 2, Girault should read Ashmead; line 3, the word male should precede: the word female. 1. NEOTETRASTICHODES FLAVUS Girault. Length of female, 1.80 mm.; of male, 1.30 mm. The types were captured by sweeping. grass in forest, April 30, 1912. The types are one pair on a slide. 2. NEOTETRASTICHODES SILVENSIS (Girault). Removed from Ootetrastichus. Type re-examined. The following descriptive notes from: a second female from the type locality, forest, April 3, 1914 are correct :— Length, 1.30 mm. Afneous green, the wings hyaline, the scape, legs except the concolorous hind coxa and somewhat over proximal third of abdomen creamy white; rest of abdomen dark metallic purpie. Lateral margin of abdomen at base for a short distance metallic purple; proximal margin of purple of abdomen (dorsal aspect) rather deeply concaved (so that at the margins, the purple proceeds nearer to base than at center). Mandibles tridentate, the third tooth broad, obliquely truncate. Funicle 1 shorter than the club, longest, about two and a fourth times longer than its: greatest width, 2 somewhat shorter than it, 3 a fourth shorter than 1, slightly longer than the pedicel. Cheeks short. Abdomen conic-ovate, somewhat longer than the thorax. Propodeum with a distinct median carina and what appears to be two lateral carine running to base of caudal coxa from each side of the spiracle and not side by side (probably due to an impression due to drying, thus giving the appearance of two carine). Propodeum finely reticulated; rest of thorax with the usual very fine longitudinal sheening of the group. Abdomen pointed at tip. Club with a very short nipple, the three joints not much unequal. Scape normal. 3. NEOTETRASTICHODES MAXIMUS new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault. Female :—Length, 2.30 mm. Very dark metallic blue, the coxe and femora concolorous; rest of legs and antennal scape golden yellow, rest of antenne black. Fore wings hyaline. Stigmal vein with a distinct knob, postmarginal vein two thirds length of stigmal. Abdomen short and stout, convex above, straight beneath. Scutum and scutellum naked. Propodeum almost smooth, glabrous, not very short, with a median carina. Scape scarcely compressed; pedicel not elongate, subequal to funicle joint 2, 1 a little larger than 2, 3 a little smaller; club not much shorter than the funicle, the joints about subequal; ring-joints large and distinct. From one female caught by sweeping in jungle, August 7, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2585, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 235) 4. NEOTETRASTICHODES ROBUSTUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2.10 mm. Robust. Dark metallic green, the coxe concclorous, the rest of legs and antennal scape bright golden yellow; pedicel and ring-joints brownish, rest of antennze black. Wings stained yellowish. Thorax with scattered bristles. Propodeum rather short and broad, with a median carina. Abdomen conic-ovate, straight above, convex beneath. Scape slender, normal; pedicel elongate; funicle 1 distinctly longer than pedicel, nearly four times as long as wide, 2 no longer than the pedicel, 3 shorter; club no longer than funicle 1, with a short terminal nipple; ring- joints not large. From one female taken from a window, Cooktown, February 3, 1912 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Cooktown, Ayr, Ingham and Herberton, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2586, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the Cooktown specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. Also a female was taken from a window, Ayr, November 7, 1912; one from a window, Ingham, February 16, 1913; and another from a window, Herberton, December 28, 1913. (A.A.G.). ) 5. NEOTETRASTICHODES MERIDIALIS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Very similar to robustus Dodd but smaller, the hind cox golden yellow, the flagellum wholly yellow-brown; wings hyaline; propodeum not short; pedicel as long as the elongate first funicle joint; club longer than funicle 1. From one female from a window of a wool-store, October 3, 1911 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2587, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. 6. NEOTETRASTICHODES MERIDIANUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.40 mm. Similar to maximus Dodd and Girault and eneus Girault differing from the former in not being very dark, black or nearly, but dark metallic green like @neus; also the fore wings are smaller, the antennz dusky yellowish not black (except scape) and they are less robust. The tibiee are all straw yellow, the femora concolorous. Differs from eneus in having the femora concolorous and the pedicel somewhat less elongate. The pronotum is long, the upper thorax naked in all three species. $ From two females on a card labelled ‘‘ No. 27, Nat. Mus., Victoria. From galls on gum. TARO a2? Habitat: Melbourne, Victoria. Type: No. Hy 2588, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the two specimens on a card, a head on a slide. 7. NEOTETRASTICHODES PERKINSI new species. Female :—Length, about 1.15 mm. Pale golden yellow, the wings hyaline, the body marked with small black spots as. follows: Three marginal spots (wider than long) on proximal half of abdomen and a minute dot caudad of the third; a longer than wide, small spot on pronotum caudo-laterad, one just mesad of tegula and one on lateral propodeum, the three in a line caudo-cephalad but the line obliqued a little caudo-mesad. Antenne as in Ootetrastichus beatus Perkins. First and fourth ring-joints large, the inner two transverse-linear. Form like Ootetrastichus. Pedicel subequal to funicle 3, club 1 longest. Funicle 3 much longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate. Tip of valves of ovipositor black. From one female taken by sweeping jungle along a forest streamlet, January 3, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2589, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. 236 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 8. NEOTETRASTICHODES ELECTRA new species. Female:—Length, 2 mm. Black, the wings hyaline; ventral half of head, tegula, scape except dorsad at tip, postseutellum and abdomen golden yellow, the legs a little embrowned. Caudal coxa black. Stigmal vein rather short. Abdomen dorsad black across base narrowly, the black acutely produced caudad at meson; the tip black and between tip and base there are five complete cross-stripes, the first three connected along meson by a rather broad longitudinal stripe. Dorsum of abdomen scaly. A yellow spot at occipital margin of vertex against the eye, laterad of lateral ocellus. Thorax rather coarsely scaly, a line of setigerous punctures along lateral margin of scutum, the latter otherwise naked. A short suleus at mesal base of seutellum, the second lateral suleus foveate, the surface like that of the scutum. Propodeum sealy, moderate at the meson, without lateral carinze but with a median one and a short carina directly from the spiracle. The short third club joint with a short, distinet spur. Funicle 1 somewhat longer than wide, the others each shortening, 3 oval, a little shorter than the pedicel. Wings broad. From one female caught October 11, 1914 (H. Hacker). Habitat: Brisbane, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2590, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; antenna on a slide. GENUS NEOMPHALOIDES Girault. This genus is the same as Ootetrastichella but the scutum bears a median groove and the club is 3-jointed. 1. NEOMPHALOIDES STYLATUS new species. Female:—Length, 2.20 mm. Abdomen conic-ovate, distad produced into a_ short stylus, the ovipositor extruded a short distance beyond the stylus. Abdomen distinctly much longer than the thorax. Black, shining, the wings hyaline, the scape, knees, tibize and tarsi yellowish brown, also the venation. Antenne long; funicles 1 and 2 subequal, each about two and a third times longer than wide and distinctly shorter than the long club, 3 a littie shorter than 2, distinctly longer than the pedicel. First two club joints plainly longer than wide, the third somewhat shorter, with a distinct terminal nipple. Club as long as the scape. Mandibles tridentate, the two inner teeth together. Stigmal vein of moderate length. Second two ring-joints very short. Thoracic sulci very distinct. Scutum with a row of sete along lateral margin, otherwise naked. Propodeum finely wrinkled, tricarinate, rather long, the lateral carina forking at apex; an oblique ridge or carina running meso-cephalad from origin of the fork of the lateral carina, but not quite complete at either end. Lateral margin of propodeum carinated. Scutellum with a tinge of metallic green. Abdomen subpetiolate. Differs from the genotype in that the stylus of the abdomen is not half as long as in that species. The latter is shorter at propodeal meson and has no lateral carina and nearly half the body of its abdomen is red, the body shiny, the sculpture rather faint. Its other colors are also much different. From one female caught in jungle, August 20, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2591, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a ‘slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 237 GENuS EPITETRASTICHUS Girault. The name Pentastichodes is naked and without standing in nomenclature. 1. EPITETRASTICHUS SPECIOSISSIMUS Girault. The type specimen was captured in grass near a canefield, Babinda, October 29, 1911. The sixth abdominal marginal spot is open laterad, the first at base joined across meson. The conical marking of scutum may go only to apex of that part. One female, Gordonvale, forest, August 8, 1914. 2. EPITETRASTICHUS FLAVIPOSTSCUTELLUM Girault. Length, 1 mm. Wings hyaline. Type female was captured December 27, 1913 by sweeping in the forest along Cape River; it is on a tag, the head on a slide. 8. EPITETRASTICHUS XANTHER (Girault). A common forest species. Antea (these memoirs, II), p. 200, line 1 under this species, face should read occiput. The species is distinct from nigriventris. The thoracie pleura are often suffused with dusky, the cross-stripes of abdomen are regular, often alternately less broad or slightly incomplete laterad. Funicle joints subequal to each other and to the pedicel. The club bears a short nipple. Propodeum short at the meson, there with a median carina. A female in the type locality, November 8, sweeping edges of a forest streamlet. ‘The black stripes across the abdomen are often obscure and suffused. One female, Rossville (Cooktown), Queensland, February 23, 1912, sweeping jungle along a roadside (A.A.G.) and another from forest, Meerawa, Queensland, July 26, 1913 (A.A.G.)’’—A. P. Dodd. A. EPITETRASTICHUS XANTHER HILLI new variety. Like xanther but the abdomen has but four cross-stripes commencing from proximal fourth, at base yellow; the body is smaller and the postscutellum yellow. Funicle 1 is also a little longer than the others, 3 subglobular. Antennz yellowish, also seutellum. Propodeum with a median carina but no true lateral one. From one female taken from bushes, October 10, 1913 (G. F. Hill). Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territory. Type: No. Hy 2592, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag. 4, EPITETRASTICHUS LONGFELLOWI Girault. Synonyms: Lpomphaloides viridis, Girault; Epitetrastichus nympha Girault. The median carina of propodeum forks only at apex and is quite solid. The abdomen has no petiole. Type re-examined. The median carina of propodeum in this species and in nympha broadens just before distal end into a fork but the latter is solid; the oblong propodeal spiracle is near lateral margin, its long axis caudo-cephalad. Both are the same yet the caudal wings in nympha are slightly narrower and there is no yellow on the abdomen. The species wneithorax differs from both in having the scutum naked and as otherwise indicated. Types re-examined. Dark metallic purple; legs bright golden yellow, the cephalic coxe suffused with metallic; antennal scape yellow, pedicel brown, rest black. Wings hyaline. Seutum with scattered bristles from setigerous punctures; median groove of scutum complete, narrow. Propodeum moderately short, with fine scaly sculpture; lateral carinze absent; median distinct. 238 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Pedicel slender; funicle 1 little longer than pedicel, fully three times as long as wide; 2 one half the length of 1, 3 slightly shorter than 2; club somewhat shorter than funicle 1; ring-joints small about subequal. Notes from the following specimens: A female captured from a window at Mirani (Mackay), October, 1911. The abdomen in this last specimen was suffused with brown; median groove of scutum complete, very narrow; club pale. Compared with type. A female at Ayr, Queensland, forest, November 6, 1912. One female, Cooktown, window, February, 1912. 5. EPITETRASTICHUS VARICOLOR new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Golden yellow; occiput, parapsidal furrows, grooves of scutellum and propodeum dark brownish; abdomen nearly wholly dusky dorsad; legs and antennal scape pale yellow, rest of antenne black. Body slender, the abdomen slender, pointed conic-ovate. Median groove of scutum faint but complete. Propodeum rather short, scaly, with a pair of median carine. Wings hyaline. Flagellum very long and slender, funicle 1 somewhat longest of the funicle, twice as long as pedicel, club somewhat longer than any of the funicle joints, the second joint a little longer than the first, the third small. From one female caught by sweeping in forest, June 13, 1912 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2853, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. ‘« This species is very similar to Aprostocerella kelloggi Girault but has only a little blackish on cephalic seutum at cephalic margin centrally, the propodeum is wholly black (yellow laterad of spiracle in kelloggi) and somewhat longer at the meson and the pronotum is broadly black across the meson nearly to the lateral margins. Only the face of pronotum is black in kelloggi and in this last species the cephalic half of scutum is blackish except along median line at lateral margins. Types compared.’’ (A. A. Girault.) 6. EPITETRASTICHUS BICOLOR (Girault). Tetrastichus bicolor Girault in antea. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Black; lower part of face, an area at insertion of wings, postscutellum, basal third or more of abdomen, legs (except base of hind coxa) and antennal scape golden yellow; pedicel dusky, flagellum fuscous; rest of abdomen brownish with darker cross-stripes. Propodeum with a median carina. Median groove of scutum not very distinct. Abdomen conic-ovate, somewhat wider and longer than thorax. Funicle joints cylindrical ovate, 1 as long as pedicel and distinctly longer than wide, 3 a little shorter than 1, the first club joint as long as the other two combined. Fore wings broad, hyaline. From one female captured by sweeping in strip of jungle, April 16, 1913 (A. P. Dodd), type locality. 7. EPITETRASTICHUS LONGICLAVUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.60 mm. Agreeing with longfellowt Girault but differing as follows: All legs and antennal scape and pedicel intense lemon yellow; abdomen almost wholly dark brown, slightly suffused with metallic, funicle 3 only slightly shorter than 1 and a little longer than the pedicel, club much longer than funicle 1, the first two club joints distinctly longer than wide (in longfellowi, the second funicle joint is subequal to the pedicel, 3 distinctly shorter, the original description fiat tect dn BR we ane ew the» ; if 00m ven ‘au, pen tuels bless Pry: a ing eA fy } then etl a awe ahi ae: a are ahad); Oe a ae Pe i ee | ye Bes ea sg via Fi jena ot hie epiiels. 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TRG fp rVAD A S DOP Rae ! A ippabay de id hiss) inetie ‘Pirate 1 ) pide Reh e thoy Li Lhe ee Wigils i : wedeee Bie denies i, | Py heed. ovalin BV hee PARES. > yy tied | View Igywinp et iene, Regie ie NX Sipe Beha ‘ ’ io a iA 9.) RPOCRPA NEON Laaite, yee el we nla lt he, ng P tale hey ie hw hegpreniha: WI Rated’ aeany bes Bidtoriag as ta! foals m. dente ‘ber pewlderd Life hep a 0 MOOR dela " weiay! Te iy tid tua ATE Hur uyht V ovate tip whyety wr? Shoat Pah) a Wath fanpe ¢ egenily Seger tie Peiieta f, the fhe PN MAD f alictin atatinet GF leven eth was Ok adele emia Sfirila ltt g a wnt ig ferret big’ Pe a. dla A Henrie yaoi? bal a 4 i LAY : 4 f ra { 4. ‘ hay is Le j : 4 } re rt i ¢ my id h i * (pit, ui { } ny ra J titi ; hi * y : : 7 W Py, xe hs ee a A ) UY Waka Tea 2 a a AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 239 ‘being erroneous; and scarcely more than half as long as 1, the club no longer than funicle 1, the first two club joints being wider than long). Propodeum with a weak curved carina ‘mesad of the spiracle. Compared with type of longfellowi. Habitat: Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2594, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a ‘slide, 8. EPITETRASTICHUS FLAVISCAPUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm. Dark metallic green, the coxz and femora concolorous, the tibiw, tarsi and antennal ‘scape, golden yellow, rest of antenne black. Wings hyaline. Scutum and scutellum naked. Propodeum rather long, coarsely scaly, with distinct median and lateral carine. Abdomen ‘conic-ovate, no longer than the thorax. Pedicel somewhat shorter than the first funicle joint; funicle joints subequal, cylindrical ovate, half longer than wide. Club as large as two pre- ceding joints united, with a short terminal nipple; last three ring-joints very small. From one female captured in jungle, January 15, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2595, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head ‘on a slide. 9. EPITETRASTICHUS HETZRICOS new species. Female :—Length, 1.80 mm. Very similar to speciosissimus but differing in that the large conical marking of the ‘scutum is regular (not rather suddenly narrowed at a little over distal half of scutum) and extends nearly to apex of scutellum, the pronotum is black except laterad and the caudal margin very narrowly (only face of pronotum is black in the other species, not as originally described), the hind femur centrally is dark brown, the occiput is all black except ventral border, the ‘scrobes are black and the hind coxe exteriorly, the third marginal spot on the abdomen is smaller (the first spots joined across meson in both species and situate at base), also each of the following spots; and the metapleurum and caudal mesopleurum are black (not so in the other species, contrary to former statements). Antenna dusky black except proximal two thirds of ‘scape. The propodeum is a little visible at meson from above, bears a very short complete median carina but no true lateral ones. The cephalic, subquadrate black area on each axilla is decidedly longer in this species extending nearly to apex from cephalic margin, longer than wide (in the genotype nearly square and extending slightly caudad of middle). Stripe 6 of abdomen (just before apex) is merely broadly joined to 5 along the meson. A row of faint punctures along lateral margin of scutum in both species. Funicle 3 a little longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate, the teeth obtuse. From one female caught in forest, August 13, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2596, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag with type of speciosissimus, the head on a slide. The female type of the genotype is on a tag, the head on a slide. 10. EPITETRASTICHUS X-CARINATUS new species. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Orange yellow, the distal third of scutum (or the part not black), scutellum between the lateral grooves, legs and scape pale lemon yellow; a rounded orange yellow area in center of seutellum. The following parts black: Head, prothorax, cephalic two thirds of scutum, pro- podeum except broadly along the meson and lateral margins of abdomen rather broadly from base to distal three fourths; also tip of abdomen and apex of each parapside. Postscutellum 240 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. lemon yellow. Propodeum with an X-shaped median carina, the cephalic pair of arms longer and curving mesad (i.e. convex, not concave); no true lateral carina, the surface scaly. Second ring-joint very short. Flagellum dusky brownish. Funicle 1 plainly shorter than the club, plainly longer than wide, 3 subequal to the pedicel, somewhat Jonger' than wide. Club with a small terminal nipple. Mandibles tridentate (at least one). Somewhat like Neomphaloidella saltensis but the scutellum is not mostly black and so on. From one female caught at 1,000 feet in jungle, May 27, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Upper Tweed River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2597, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head with slide type of Tetrastichodes susurrus Girault. 11. EPITETRASTICHUS FILIFORMIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.65 mm., excluding ovipositor which is extruded for two thirds the length of the abdomen, the latter conical, a third longer than the rest of the body. Head longer than wide, oval. Dark metallic green, the knees, tibiew and tarsi pale yellow, the wings hyaline. Pro- podeum finely scaly, short at meson, there with a median carina, true lateral carine absent but a weak carina directly from the spiracle and adjoining a long-oval fovea mesad. Antenne slender, filiform, the scape and funicle 1 elongate, the scape the longer of the two; pedicel not twice longer than wide at apex, less than half the length of funicle 1 which is subequal to the club; funicle 3 over thrice longer than wide, not quite two thirds the length of 1, longer than club 1 which is nearly twice longer than wide; club with a minute terminal nipple. Mandibles tridentate. Stigmal vein of moderate length. Scutum practically naked. From one female caught in forest (1,500 feet), May 17, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Upper Tweed River, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2598, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide with slide type of Selitrichodella cometes Girault. 12. EPITETRASTICHUS COBDENI (Girault). Tetrastichus cobdem Girault. Much like bicolor. Propodeum scaly. Ocellar area black; postscutellum bright lemon yellow. Tegule yellow. Propodeum without true lateral carine but a convex narrow carina just mesad of spiracle, the median carina distinct, its proximal half narrowly prongshaped; a line of punctures down lateral margin of scutum, the latter otherwise naked. Type re-examined. 18. EPITETRASTICHUS DARWINI (Girault). Tetrastichus darwini Girault. Median groove of scutum only at cephalic third. The club is long, eylindro-conic. Funicle 3 a little the longest. Face only of pronotum blackish, not the narrow dorsum. Pro- podeum with a median carina only, concolorous laterad and caudad of the spiracle. Seutum naked or nearly so. Type re-examined. 14. EPITETRASTICHUS MARGIVENTRIS (Girault). Tetrastichus margiventris Girault. Resembles somewhat Neomphaloidella westwoodi which has the abdomen similarly colored but the antenne are different. Funicle 1 over four times longer than wide. Secutum naked. Type re-examined. It was captured December 2, 1912. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 241 15. EPITETRASTICHUS MNEITHORAX new species. Female :—Length, 1.85 mm. Like longfellowi but the front coxa also orange yellow, together with the tegula, part of mesopleurum ventrad of it, part of metapleurum above and cephalad of hind coxa, sides of base of abdomen and venter of abdomen along distal half; body otherwise dark eneous green except scape, the pedicel dusky. J*unicles 1 and 2 more or less subequal, distinctly shorter than the club, 3 a little shorter, longer than the pedicel. Scutum naked. Described from one female captured in the jungle, December 4, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Wuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2599, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 16. EPITETRASTICHUS POSTSCUTELLATUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd.‘ Female :—Length, 1.85 mm. Black, suffused with brown, the postscutellum lemon yellow, the wings hyaline, the abdomen brown with many cross-stripes of black, the legs, lower face and antenne lemon yellow, the hind coxa black. Propodeum with a median carina and no others. Mandibles tridentate. Funicle 1 cylindrical oval, longest but not much longer than wide, 2 subequal to the pedicel, 3 oval, a little longer than wide; club with a short terminal spine. Pedicel dusky above. Scutum and seutellum not hairy, nearly naked. Male :—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping forest vegetation, summit of Pyramid Mountain (3,000 feet), August 17, 1912. Habitat: Mulgrave River (Gordonyale, near Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2600, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. A. EPITETRASTICHUS POSTSCUTELLATUS ATRELLA new variety of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Leneth, 1.40 mm. Similar to postscutellatus postscutellatus Girault and Dodd but the thorax wholly uniformly black. From one female captured on summit of Mount Pyramid, 3,000 feet, August 17, 1912 (ALA.G.). Type: No. Hy 2601, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. In both varieties the cross-stripes on the abdomen are obscure. 17. EPITETRASTICHUS 6-GUTTATIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Black, the legs white except cox, proximal two thirds of caudal femur, proximal fourth of other femora and distal two tarsal joints. Sides of abdomen at base (dorsal half) and three elliptical (long axis transverse), spots on each side of meson dorsad, proximal third from base, golden yellow, the spots not prominent, the distal pair smallest; each spot is nearer lateral margin than to meson. Antennz wholly black; pedicel subequal to funicle 3, funicle 1 distinctly longer but shorter than the club; funicle 3 somewhat longer than wide. Club with a short but distinct terminal spine, joint 3 shortest. Propodeum scaly, moderately short at the meson, there with a carina, true lateral carine absent. Stigmal vein rather long. Mandibles with two distinct teeth and a third distinctly indicated but short and obtuse. Second ring-joint very short. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, May 18, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy. 2602, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. s Probably a variant of cobdeni s Q 242 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 18. EPITETRASTICHUS CRESSONI new species. Female :—Length, 1.55 mm. Deep orange yellow, the abdomen with three dusky cross-stripes within proximal half, the first some little distance out from base, the distal one about across the middle. Funicle and club black. Tip of scape and dorsal pedicel dusky. Wings hyaline. Tip of valves of ovipositor, eenter of pronotum (including the neck), tegule and a minute dot at extreme latero-caudal angle of pronotum, dusky blackish. Mandibles tridentate. Pedicel rather long, subequal to funicle 3 which is distinctly longer than wide. Funicle 1 about one and a half times longer than wide, somewhat longer than the pedicel, subequal to 2, shorter than the club whose third joint is shortest and with a terminal spine. Club 1 a little shorter than funicle 3. Postscutellum lemon yellow. Propodeum scaly, without lateral caring, the median present, complete, not long. From one female captured in forest, May 20, 1914. Habitat: Gordonyale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2603, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. Named for Ezra Townsend Cresson. 19. EPITETRASTICHUS BURMEISTERI new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. : Dark metallic purple. the wings hyaline, the legs (except proximal haif of coxa), a little over proximal half of abdomen and the antenne golden yellow, the yellow of abdomen dorsad with three purple eross-stripes, the proximal one fainter. Funicle joints subequal, subglobular, a little wider than long, shorter than the pedicel; club large, ovate, its third joint short, wider than long, shorter than the stout terminal spine. Third tooth of mandible much shorter, obliquely truneate, the outer two rather long, acute. Tegula golden yellow. Propodeum short at the meson (carina not seen). Stigmal vein short. Posterior wing with six lines of discal cilia where widest. Distal three ring-joints very short. From one female labelled ‘‘ Pt. Darwin, 10-10-13. Forest, G. IF. Hill.”? Habitat: Port Darwin, Northern Territory. Type: No. Hy 2604, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. Dedicated to Hermann Furmeister. GENUS QUADRASTICHUS Girault. 1. QUADRASTICHUS SANNIO Girault. This species belongs to the genus Paraproslocetus which see. 2. QUADRASTICHUS FUSCUS (Girault). Length, 0.70 mm. Antea, under this species, line 4, ring-joints should be in the singular number. The type is on a slide and was collected from a window, March 20, 1913. The original description is in error in regard to funicle 3 which is also ring-like but larger than 2 GENUS NEOMPHALOIiDELLA Girault. 1. NEOMPHALOIDELLA KURANDENSIS (Girault). From Aprostocetus. The types are five females on a card and a slide with appendages. They were reared from braconid cocoons. Head with scattered thimble punctures. In the male, the femora are paler, the antennae with four funicle, two club joints. The female measures 2 mm. Propodeum of moderate length, the lateral carina forked at apex, the fork solid. The punctures of head are on the vertex and dorsal half of face. At the ventral end of each AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 243 eye, the face is gently inflexed, the portion ventrad being on a lower level than the dorsal part (the latter bearing the punctures). The caudal femur is concolorous, the others more or less fuscous. Second two ring-joints very short. Segment 2 of abdomen reticulated. Face narrows below the eyes (cephalic aspect) somewhat as in Atoposoma but the vertex is not elevated. A number of females were reared July 5, 1912 from Apanteles cocoons on a blade of grass, forest, Gordonvale, Queensland. Types re-examined. 2. NEOMPHALOIDELLA SULCATA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd, Female :—length, 2.30 mm. The same as enea but the femora also concolorous, the tibiz brownish. Pedicel and rest of antennx biack. Median groove of scutum complete. Propodeum distinctly tricarinate, the spiracle laterad of the lateral carina. Pedicel of usual length (as in wnea), but the flagellum stouter, the distal funicle joint distinctly shorter than the proximal, about a fourth longer than the pedicel; funicle 1 somewhat over twice longer than wide; joint 2 intermediate in length. Agreeing otherwise with @nea. Mandibles tridentate. Club plainly 3-jointed, with a short, terminal seta, the first joint longest, longer than wide. Described from one female caught by sweeping grass and foliage on edge of jungle, along the Mulgrave River, March 30, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Gordonvale, near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 2605, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. Later, a female was found from Thursday Island, Torres Strait, collected in forest, March 11, 1912. 3. NEOMPHALOIDELLA METALLICA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Color as in pitetrastichus longfellowi, metallic green. Wings hyaline. Median groove of scutum complete. Seutum and secutellum without bristles. Propodeum rather long, with a distinct neck, shining, rugose, carinated posteriorly; median and lateral carine present, distinct. Antenne as in longfcllowi but the first ring-joint is distinctly larger than the other two. Described from one female caught by sweeping in heart of jungle, 1,500 feet, September 12, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Kuranda, near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 2606, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. ‘* The propodeum in this species bears several irregular, weak carinz, both longi- tudinal and transverse and laterad of the lateral carina is rugulose; the irregular carine are not numerous, most of the space between median and lateral carinz polished.’’ (A. A. Girault). 4. NEOMPHALOIDELLA [0 Girault. One female, forest, Mount Pyramid opposite Gordonvale, Queensland, 2,500-3,000 feet, June 2, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). ‘*'This specimen differed from the type in having the marginal stripe of abdomen much broader; also funicle 3 was barely as long as the pedicel. The type antenna has funicle 3 only a little longer than the pedicel], not much longer as given in the original description.’’ (A. P. Dodd). 244 ; MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 5. NEOMPHALOIDELLA PERPULCHRA new species. Female:—Length, 1.35 mm. Dark wneous green, the wings hyaline; the head (except occiput medially above), pronotum (except at meson), propleura, tegule, legs (except proximal third of hind coxe): and abdomen, intense lemon yellow, also apex of pedicel, the antennz otherwise dark blackish green. Abdomen with three metallic green cross-stripes close together (commencing at proximal fourth) and joined more or less along the meson and along each margin, the ihird stripe at meson giving off a short mesal longitudinal stripe which proceeds distad to a level with two round spots on each side of the meson (at about apex of proximal three fourths); a rather broad, dark green stripe across just before tip of abdomen. Propodeum similar in sculpture to rest of thorax, short at the meson; a pair of median caring diverging at once and following the caudal margin; propodeal spiracle in an ovate impression, there being no true lateral carinx. Mandibles tridentate, the two outer teeth acute. Pedicel longer than any of the funicle joints of which 1 is longest, somewhat longer than wide, 3 distinetly wider than long, 2 somewhat wider than long; club rather stout, without a conspicuous terminal nipple, practically with none at all. A line of obscure thimble pune- tures along lateral margin of scutum and on the scutellam just outside (laterad) of the first groove. Described from one female caught by sweeping foliage in forest, November 30, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Gordonvale near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 2607, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above female on a tag, the head on a slide. 6. NEOMPHALOIDELLA PARVULA new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Very dark metallic green, the coxee and femora concolorous, rest of legs and antennal scape golden yellow, rest of antenne dusky black. Fore wings broad, hyaline. Abdomen short, triangular, the apex of the triangle ventrad. Scutum and scutellum naked; median groove of scutum very narrow. Propodeum short and broad, sculptured like the rest of the thorax, with a median carina. Pedicel subequal to funicle 3 which is not twice as long as wide, 2 subequal to 3, 1 somewhat shorter; club nearly as long as the funicle, first two club joints subequal; flagellum with sparse long, thin hairs. From one female taken in jungle, 800 feet, September 13, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: WKuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2608, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag, the head on a slide. 7. NEOMPHALOIDELLA BRUNNEA new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Leugth, 1.65 mm. Biscuit brown; the occiput, scutum, center of scutellum and dorsum of abdomen darker; margins of eyes, legs (except hind coxe) and antennal scape pale lemon yellow, rest of antenne yellow-brown. Wings hyaline. Abdomen nearly twice as long and somewhat wider than the thorax, convex above, straight beneath. Seutum and _ secutellum naked; median groove of scutum complete, distinct. Propodeum not long, sculptured like the rest of the thorax, with a pair of median carine. Pedicel no longer than funicle 3, 1 a little the longest, not much Jonger than wide, club as long as two preceding joints united, without a terminal spine; first club joint as long as the other two combined. From one female captured sweeping along jungle-edged forest streamlet, January 3, SiS CAy Pa Dodd) Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2609, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head om a slide. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 245 8. NEOMPHALOIDELLA FLAVICORNIS new species of A. P. Dodd. a Female :—Length, 1.5 mm. ‘ Dark metallic green, the abdomen brownish, the legs and antennal scape golden yellow, vest of antennz yellow-brown. Median groove of scutum very narrow, incomplete. Scutum and scutellum naked. Propodeum finely sealy, short at the meson, with a median carina. Abdomen a little longer than head and therax united. Wings hyaline. Mandibles tridentate. Pedicel and funicle joints subequal, each two thirds longer than wide; club somewhat wider than funicle, twice as long as wide, with a short nipple; first two club joints about equal, 3 smaller; second and third ring-joints small. From one female captured by sweeping jungle along roadside, Rossville, February 25, 1912 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Rossville (Cooktown), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2610, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. 9. NEOMPHALOIDELLA QUADRIFASCIATA new species. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Golden yellow, the wings hyaline; apex” of parapsides and of axilla, propodeum and four very distinet, rather narrow cross-stripes on abdomen, jet black, the abdominal stripes distri- buted over most of the dorsum. Mandibles tridentate. Funicle joints not long. Center of oceiput black. Last two ring-joimts very short. Propodeum with a median carina, tie lateral carine most probably absent. From one female reared trom gall on wattle, January 8, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2611, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag. 10. NEOMPHALOIDELLA BOUSSINGAULTI new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Similar to quadrifasciata but more robust and the cephalic margin of scutum except at each end and a spot on base of scutellum at meson are also black; also the apex of each parapside is more broadly black and more than half of each axilla. The black markings ure submetallic in both species. The spot on the scutellum is longer than wide and does not extend to the first groove. Scape dusky at distal half, pedicel so above at base; rest of antenna dusky; funicle joints subquadrate, subequal, each somewhat shorter than the pedicel. Propodeum with a median carina and no others. From one specimen taken in forest, 1,500 feet, June 2, 1915 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Mount Pyramid (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2612, Queensland Museum, brisbane, the specimen on a tag. 11. NEOMPHALOIDELLA PALLIDICAPUT new species. Female :—Length, 1.15 mm. Black with a submetallic lustre, the wings hyaline; upper occiput dark; legs except most of hind coxa, the head, the abdomen and the antennz, pale lemon yellow. Distal third of abdomen metallic green and two rather broad cross-stripes of same in the intermediate third of same, also a less distinet cross-stripe still farther proximad; prepectus and vicinity ct wing insertion also lemon yellow. Antenne suffused with dusky; pedicel subequal to funicle 1 which is distinctly longer than wide, subequal to 2, 3 somewhat shorter; club with * Cephalad. 246 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. a terminal seta. Mandibles tridentate. Propodeum short at the meson, widening laterad, with a median carina which forks at apex and runs along the candal margin strongly, laterad turning straight cephalad forming a lateral carina which runs directly into the minute, round spiracle at cephalic margin. Propodeum polygonally lined, the sculpture different from the usual fine longitudinal sheening peculiar to the subfamily. Scutellum and postseutellum brownish, the former so only around the margins. From one female, forest, February 16, 1912 (A. M. Lea and A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonyaie (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2613, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. 12. NEOMPHALOIDELLA SEMIFLAVICEPS new species. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Slender, the abdomen conical, longer than rest of body. Dark metallic purple, the wings hyaline, the legs concolorous except knees, tibia and tarsi, which together with the propleura, head (except occiput) above antennze (orange yellow) and the pronotum centrally on each side of meson (the latter broadly concolorous) bright lemon yellow. The yellow on pronotum is separated from the yellow of propleura rather narrowly. Antenne dusky. Base and sides of abdomen slightly yellowish. Funicle joints subequal, each slightly longer than wide, somewhat shorter than the pedicel; club with a small terminal seta; funicle 2 narrower than the others. Mandibles with three distinet teeth which are normal. Propodeum very short, apparently without carina. From one female captured in forest, August 2, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2614, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. A species somewhat like Aprostoccius montanus and purpureus, more like the latter. 13. NEOMPHALOIDELLA VIRIDISCAPUS new species. Female:—Length, 2 mm. or nearly. Long and slender, the abdomen longer than the rest of the body. Bright golden yellow, the wings hyaline, conspicuously marked with bright metallé green as follows: A marginal stripe on abdomen broken iuto spots of various sizes from base to distal three fourths; a long line on abdomen from apex to middle along ventro-lateral aspect ; median line of abdomen (purplish) rather broadly from base to distal three fourths; two narrow cross- stripes on abdomen (excluding one around base) near base; extreme tip of abdomen; ocellar area; center of occiput; scutellum except laterad of second groove; a large peltate area with an emarginate caudal margin at little less than cephalic half of scutum and not extending laterad to margins, the latter left rather broadly yellow; cephalic apex of each parapside rather broadly and a dot just cephalad of it on pronotum; cephalic half of each axilla; propodeum except laterad of postseutellum (cephalad of spiracle); metapleurum, metaventer, caudal portion of mesopleurum and mesoventer; scape, pedicel above at proximal half, funicle joints and base of first club joint. Propodeum short at meson, wider laterad, without a lateral carina. Funicle joints stout, 1 slightly longer than wide, 3 slightly wider than long. Mandibles triden- tate. Pedicel rather long, longer than any of the funicle joints. Tip of ovipositor black. From one female captured in forest, April 18, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cloncurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2615, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. ° On dorsal aspect of course ; ali descriptions refer to this aspect unless particularly mentioned otherwise. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV. —GIRAULT. 24 ~I 14. NEOMPHALOIDELLA NIGRICLAVA new species. Female :—Length, 1.05 mm. Dark ewneous green, the antenne white, the club black; knees, tibizwe and tarsi white, the wings hyaline; second two ring-joints very short; funicle 3 a little shorter than the others which are a little shorter than the pedicel and about a fourth longer than wide; ¢lub with a small terminal spine. Mandibles tridentate. Propodeum short at the meson, with a flat median carina, lateral carine and a curved, convex carina between the two. Median groove of scutum complete. Seutum naked. Valves of ovipositor somewhat extruded. The usual fine tetrastichine sculpture. From one female captured in forest, January 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Ingham, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2616, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. 15. NEOMPHALOIDELLA NOMADIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.20 mm. Very similar to wviridiscapus Girault but differing in the following particulars: The head is wholly yellow except center of occiput obscurely, the body is smaller, the abdomen not nearly twice the length of the thorax only a little longer, the axille, scutellum and parapsides are wholly metallic green, the abdomen bears five cross-stripes (the first two narrower) from base to apex (the first not counted as at base); no median colored line on abdomen; the metapleurum is yellow only across from insertion of fore wing; only the pedicel is distinctly marked with metallic green. Otherwise about the same. Funicle joints all a little wider than long. Mesopostscutellum lemon yellow. From two females captured in forest, April 16, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Cloneurry, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2617, Queensland Museum, Brishane, one of the specimens on a tag with type of viridiscapus. 16. NEOMPHALOIDELLA SALTENSIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Orange or reddish yellow, the abdomen and iegs yellowish brown, also the scape and head; upper half of occiput, flagellum, tip of scape above and meson of pronotum broadly, black, the other parts marked nearly like silvensis except that the abdomen is margined with black along a little over proximal half only (not to the distal black as in silvensis), the distal end of each marginal stripe broken in one or two places so that there appear to be one or two marginal spots caudad. Postscutellum lemon yellow, propodeum black, orange laterad of the spiracle. Scutellum Jaterad of first grooves distinctly suffused with reddish. The abdomen is not conical as in silvensis yet longer than the thorax. Propodeum short at the meson, with a pair of median carine but no others. Central frustum-shaped black marking on seutum at cephalic half; a black spot on caudo-laterai angle of pronotum. Club with a terminal spur. Funicle 1 subequal to the club, 3 distinetly longer than the rather long pedicel, 2 intermediate between 1 and 3, the latter twice longer than wide. Median groove of scutum delicate. Teeth of mandibles not distinctly separated as regards the last two. From one female captured in forest, March 31, 1914. Habitat: Gordonyale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2618, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; bead on a slide. 248 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 17. NEOMPHALOIDELLA BREVIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.50 mm, Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the legs, proximal third of abdomen, head and antennae pale lemon yellow. Caudal coxa metallic green. Distal two funicle joints quadrate, 1 a little longer than wide, a little shorter than the pedicel. Mandibles delicate, tridentate. Pedicel above at base and distal elub joint dusky. Propodeum very short, with an obscure median carina, true lateral carinw absent, the spiracle minute, central. Club with a small nipple. Abdomen about as long as the thorax. From one female captured by sweeping grass in forest, April 8, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2619, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on a slide. 18. NEOMPHALOIDELLA GLUCKI new species. Female :—Length, 1.15 mm. Dark metallic purple black, the scape, pedicel, legs and abdomen pale lemon yellow, the abdomen margined down each side with purple from base to distal three fourths and with four cross-stripes commencing at proximal fourth, the fourth stripe across between the ends of the marginal purple; just distad of ends of marginal purple is a marginal dot. Extreme tip of abdomen purple, the base yellow. Pedicel a little dusky, rest of antenna dusky black. Funicle joints subequal, each a half longer than wide and somewhat longer than the pedicel; second two ring-joints very short. Club distinctly jointed, with a short terminal spine, the middle joint longest, slightly shorter than funicle 3, the proximal joint subequal to pedicel. Mandibles tridentate. Propodeum without true lateral carine, short at the meson. From one female captured by sweeping in forest, second growth, May 22, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2620, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag’; head on a slide. Dedicated to Christopher von Gluck. 19. NEOMPHALOIDELLA SCHILLERI new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Similar to Aprostocetus tarsalis Girault but the abdomen is margined all around with metallic purple and there are no other markings except a cross-stripe a little before tip; also the femora are wholly concolorous and the antenne all white except the purplish club and base of pedicel. The funicle joints are all short, subequal to the pedicel yet distinetly longer than wide. Club with a distinct nipple. Two outer teeth of mandible acute, equal. Propodeum without lateral carine, short at the meson. From one female captured March 6, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Jungle. Habitat: Cooktown, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2621, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide with the type of Physcus multicolor Girault. Dedicated to the poet Frederick Schiller. 20. NEOMPHALOIDELLA MARGINATUS (Girault). Tetrastichus marginatus Girault. The apex of abdomen is metallic purple including the tip of the ovipositor valves. Antenne pale yellow. Propodeum without lateral carine. Scutum naked. Type re-examined. AUSTKEALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV.—GIRAULT. 249 21. NHOMPHALOIDELLA OCTOGUTTATA new species. Length, 1.15 mm. Abdomen pointed, conic-oyate. Slender. Black with the usual seulpture, the wings hyaline, the scape, tibia, tarsi and most of first two pairs of femora, pale yellowish, the abdomen ventrad golden yellow except along meson, above black with a golden yellow spot at base centrally; four smaller spots (wider than long) on each side of meson (narrowly separated by a thin black median stripe but the first pair obscurely so) and a rather broad cross-stripe a short distance before tip, golden yellow; the four spots uniformly distributed between the basal spot and the distal stripe. Iunicle joints slender, over twiceslonger than wide, subequal, longer than the pedicel. Club with a distinet terminal spine. Mandibles tridentate. ~ Second two ring-joints very short. Propodeum very short at meson, widening laterad, noncarinate but laterad with two oblique, wedgeshaped impressions (wide-end cephalad) narrowly separated, the separating ridge haying the appearance of a true lateral carina; the minute, round spiracle is in the lateral of these two impressions which do not extend quite to cephalic margin of propodeum. From one female caught in miscellaneous sweepings, May 11, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Murwillumbah, New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2622, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and abdomen on a slide. Female: GENUS TETRASTICHELLA Girault.™ 1. TETRASTICHELLA PALLIDIVENTRIS new species. Female :—Length, 0.75 mm. Slender. Postmarginal vein barely developed. Black, the wings hyaline, the head, antenne, abdomen and legs very pale yellow, the abdomen with four very faint cross-stripes of dusky, the first and last rather far from their respective ends of the region. Stigmal vein rather long, the marginal cilia of fore wing not short, distinctly somewhat longer than usual (about one sixth of greatest wing width). Pro- podeum with a distinet median carina, no true lateral carine, scaly; a loop-like carina directly from spiracle. Funicle joints with sparse, very long, fine hairs, all long, 3 twice longer than wide, a little shorter than the short club, much longer than the pedicel, somewhat shorter than 1 or 2. Club with a long, distinct terminal spine. Mandibles tridentate. Abdomen longer than the thorax. Pedicel a little longer than wide at apex. Second two ring-joints extremely short, the first large, distinct. From one female caught in jungle, July 11, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2623, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. ° 2. TETRASTICHELLA FASCIATELLA Grn This is the correct new name proposed for Tetrastichus fasciatus (Girault) and not as in antea, p. 238: 3. TETRASTICHELLA FLAVELLA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—ULength, 1.50 mm. Uniform honey yellow, the legs and antenne concolorous; eyes and ocelli garnet. Wings hyaline. Propodeum short. Pedicel distinctly longer than funicle 1; funicle joints subequal, al! a little longer than wide; second club joint longer than first, first ring-joint not very small, second and third minute. From one female caught on foliage of Eucalyptus, forest, October 6, 1915 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonyvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2624, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head on a slide. 11 See Syntomosphyrella. 250 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 4. TETRASTICHELLA TRICOLOR new species. Female :—Length, 1 mm. Dark brown, the legs (except most of hind coxa) and scape pale yellow; lower half of face and ventral margin of occiput Jemon yellow; abdomen golden yellow, bearing four cross-stripes of fuscous beginning a little distad of proximal third; the first three of these stripes are so close together and so much diffused as to form what appears to be one broad fuseous stripe across the abdomen at about middle; the fourth stripe is midway between apex and the third stripe (or distal margin of the broad stripe). Propodeum with a median carina and no others, scaly reticulate. Stigmal vein long, the postmarginal absent. Wings hyaline. Second two ring-joints extremely short, hidden between the first and funicle 1. Pedicel and funicle joints subequal, the funicle joints subquadrate or else slightly longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate. From one female reared from miscellaneous galls on Eucalyptus, November, 1912. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2625, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a slide. GeNuS APROSTOCERELLA Girault. 1. APROSTOCERELLA KELLOGGI Girault. Length, 1.35 mm. Funicle 1 slightly shorter than the pedicel, slightly longer than 2 or 3. Propodeum short, with a median carina. The type was captured by sweeping along a jungle path and consists of a female on a tag and a slide with the head. The abdomen appears to have but three cross-stripes. Type re-examined. 2. APROSTOCERELLA I0 Girault. A female, type locality, jungle, June 29. This specimen was metallic purple. Propodeum without lateral carine, the median carine complete. Scape more or less dusky. First ring- joint much the longest. 3. APROSTOCERELLA FLAVA Girault. I have verified the median grooved line of scutum for the type female. 4. APROSTOCERELLA FULGENS new species. Female :—Length, 1.80 mm. Brilliant golden yellow, the broad fore wings hyaline; face of pronotum, cephalic margin of propodeum and three cross-stripes on abdomen jet black; first cross-stripe of abdomen at apex of about proximal third, narrow, widely interrupted at the meson, the second broader, complete, the third abbreviated laterad. A minute marginal dot precedes the first cross-stripe- Tip of abdomen and ovipositor concolorous. Funicle and club dusky black; scape and pedicel concolorous. The latter dusky at base above; three distal ring-joints extremely short, first long; pedicel obconic, subequal to funicle 2 which is longest, 1 shortest, barely longer than wide, 3 intermediate between 1 and 2; club with a short terminal spine which is distinct. Mandibles tridentate. Club two thirds or more the length of the funicle. Propodeum dusky and short at the meson, with a distinct median earina there which forks at apex, the lateral carina absent, the spiracle rather large, round-oyal. From one female specimen captured in forest, January 8, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2626, Queensland Museum, Prisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. bj f q aN 3) : y, i Peay ay w ath ree. a- me. its 1 Bie; | i P ', ie 5 ‘hed lee ) eae ' 7 hirahs { ee i! OE Ne : Spon owns VLAVis Ny. . ae what di bani ye Sih! yal yetn'T, Whe ene eal reas mh Paueniad Hes ma Oy Lee ue Tah vi, i) ee eh? ¢ jah iy be * 4} 5 ' Ne) ae | : a0 d ; on ns Ww enters Aouokd eae. Hdd . fay) thf “wytnbadyat al Base cemtlon tay We Looe Grit ' ; AY fe BU i iat yh. ; aay. |. me |‘ PROMPR ALOUD: PUAMES ver oy tien 4 pnotGht int He Awiden \ nes: Labia. Lith in | | =X) ’ Li ce: , WENA: aren, Theo Rear brieeoiy iy Ras Keilir: 7: ly Vey a fi Larue y | entory ets Ape Jee je tor Wire wiry) gat oF dao Gey eee dick. Pepe athobe row hi Gris tey ves he ge, Pale ove one phere pas Haws: Ciite Rdg ie Potig he, sO a eae “tava doy, OY t iptle ate Vii aereed, | Urner daca {ete ; sii draw) we ¢ Sqn et valet hua, Sede. tel: ane al e e i tor mn oye » Aber M yy y thas Ver : ' ot! ; oo, on a a a a ES Heil kere 1a TY +h : Pc: ay ie: iit wih, Yhap erie ion aT iP ‘ele ; 7 ak; enh ie. Hig Peet) genial en. piece lab A ot Col wa Oe Citi ee perey en ; : en i? a ie ico? Miler ae Wy teem, Rh Se yA » loawions ¥ ow mi oil 4 Met poseipne 7 ‘eyite Ut) wa estas lag Ned) ath fone Vie) ee Fee od | oid aes bi “nee ave tocneliatt Analg aig te) MT, ily iiss Wedinti dation’, | | rte NOt” AL / AT ‘Nan are ngs Nisaah ave) (meetin eae! en 4) ak . ‘ 4 BPOMPRALOID ES yiceesigna tly! Secrnbtion a Tobe amd A 2, an | apes - ea tage, \b iwi. F \ 7 : " ) pane amet dh nen’ Atl pH téne Pele, «cad wale seh, roa ah ess dame - ebwihly ye: hue ivevicntewes Bibl.) WEN GG APRSINS 078 plies iy! 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J Aid he. - an ia) , ‘ Roca } ae PS RMP RUS | a 7 AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, IV —GIRAULT, 251 GENUS EPOMPHALOIDES Girault. 1. EPOMPHALOIDES FLAVUS Girault. Female:—Length, 1.35 mm. Funicle 1 a little longer than wide. Mandibles tridentate, the inner tooth shortest. The type was captured in forest, May 3, 1913 and is on a slide. 2. EPOMPHALOIDES VIRIDIS Girault. This is a synonym of Epitetrastichus longfellowi Girault. 3. EPOMPHALOIDES PULCHER new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.60 mm. Dark metallic green, the coxa concolorous; rest of legs bright golden yellow, the femora somewhat brown; antennal scape yellow; pedicel brownish; rest of antennew black. Propodeum with a strong median carina. Wings hyaline. Pedicel one half shorter than first funicle joint which is elongate; second slightly shorter than first; third a little shorter than second but distinctly longer than pedicel; club one half longer than first funicle joint, first club joint the longest, a little longer than second. From one female caught by sweeping in heart of jungle, 800 feet, September 13, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2627, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag; head on slide. ‘ iheee A en toe cera Te A ih: hema, kdaewry lias; eng howd, sii aa i fa) wy, Ada oBinoi ri b's) ely Dieee af hae? eh nae, waka ey 4 reel, Pita Pic, Biatines wnt very short | ¥ thie, ithe oad “ead vowd mpg aaapuidty! ie a ul teri) Myre Mivrian) +i ai fore di Bi atid wwd Reo ray hase @elgstral,’ gee de AK Dong ay He tgieal or aigetay shoutesy | Tepal Get wit IHi% cewiaeh, Dasat paetertl ‘ ah ‘Me oe eat iabalS og SP We ante wile dias fame iad wie aye ee ~~ bet | ' . he ae ne Dai Arn urea Hen ; ph ous a. ate, ra ee ; wie ore in Nitin. x ripKaaryy i ee | see ‘ wbecing. ‘ choups Ae ‘ id Oey ny pipes ng fey et ane cpr fies pire, ( ih) e s Pare i ! ‘ he at welll oe he | vi te ne ree lt oe e Ty Reach manent. #1 Si ee aan a a mse >be ’ eer) GADD * ee ne Nos gy a a vie Vor aris att i 7 is yy 4 phe Mel ee, yee ; f sate ore ie | Pron hi Sie. Sha uae Mon a rely é 7 iy hi { : hos ey hes he a ine ed ng, ’ “é aa eit ‘ AS Vi ’ PB; j 4 ¢ ate Wy ‘¥. i “i cc. yuariog *m wield eo0l (ree A bdsah 4 ' teem Cer OF. Ce eur lt } ri wiht Whee Up bapgI1 tty re R say tet 8 2% ee bn x arom ad tale A \ “9 ne ay i . pat ig re oD bao pal? tis Leaiy / ‘tar ote 0a iF fous Ar ¥ eifiel ' j wave b’? i aii ‘ a4 + A ‘ ; i ae agar ale 4, of 7 a , DN Yel ha thomve 2 ne a8 é pn ad. / Oe ‘a ¥ } a iee yh PIV Tae “ ’ ‘ * an vry¥ é (amht A % é ’ by Wits i po ‘ ma é ‘ nd A err . ' ; - a ater’ at?) OF LOPS wl ad oe Ww > " Beda y vu ’ rape Y ‘ j r U $ ; iq? fs Lik i] byt He? ea heb pe a= ib LOM pF | peels As ; a! gus “ao eee : Vt. Wiar We vee 4 hag Usirw & fe aa ANTS 4 “Ol iy Re Oe meh 5 ial eqiwy “omy TP i4 Saaib —QttPrxl'¢ y, +4 i i) eevee yi a's Vr Vi Om) Marty ted wpuenty ¥ * a — AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 325 MUSCIDEOMYIA new genus. Female :—Agrees with the description of Amuscidea Girault but the postmarginal vein is somewhat longer than the stigmal, the scutellum is without a cross-suture, the abdomen is conic-ovate, longer than the thorax and the mandibles are 3- and 4-dentate, long and slender. Otherwise the same except as noted below. 1. MUSCIDEOMYIA NIGRICYANEA new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 0.80 mm. Small, graceful, the abdomen pointed. Very dark metallic blue-black, the abdomen dark metallic green, the wings hyaline; middle and caudal tibie very pale orange yellowish, the tips of tibize and the tarsi white. Scape white, the pedicel black, rest of antenne brown. Thorax reticulate scaly, the propodeum smooth, very short, the spiracle minute, round, the propodeum shorter at the meson, noncarinate. Abdominal segments not lengthened, the abdomen normal. Stigmal vein with a rather large knob. Pedicel stout, longer than any of the funicle joints which widen distad, 5 largest. Ring-joint small. Club large, its joints distinct, wider than the funicle but not as long. Funicle 2 shortest, transverse, 1 globular. Flagellum armed with stiff sete. Male :—Not known. Described from one female taken in jungle along the Herbert River, April 6, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Halifax, Queensland. Tyne: No. Hy 2785, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind tibiz on a slide with type appendages of Neomphaloidella brevis Girault. Genus ANYSIS Howard. ‘‘Antenne as with Aphobetus, except that funicle joint 2 is twice as long as 1; 3, 4 and 5 subequal in length, increasing in width, and each slightly shorter than 2. Eyes naked; head very broad; occiput strongly concave, its superior margin acute. Thorax well arched; parapsidal sutures meeting axillar sutures; scutellum broad at base, somewhat lengthened, extending over metanotum to vertical plane of base of abdomen, not cross-furrowed. Petiole distinct but very short; abdomen without basal tufts; second segment scarcely half the length of the abdomen. Marginal vein of fore wings three times longer than stigmal, postmarginal about as long as stigmal or slightly shorter; basal nervure not distinct. Basal nervure of hind wings extending at an acute angle toward base of wing. Spur of hind tibia short.’’ 1, ANYSIS AUSTRALIENSIS Howard. Female. Genotype. ““ Length, 1.7 mm.; expanse, 3.8 mm.; greatest width of fore wings, .74 mm. General ; anh a a ‘s oi 44 2h a, eee Mawite , Th aterad “oF Eg Meee r ¥ i & b > . ® ~ Trtgil” » i ' . . 74 ’ ANT MAS 9 ‘ aa f ; , tial ay mice Wihow Fue void Swi yt Sta ene’) oy i 7 i Pyinw one a: > hy : Pye! vi py >4 ‘ ahs ft ] « } mates? aT ‘ ‘ F P P 1 ¢ ued ie =. Bil Layan4 © t/ a ahah hades | Peliehtelind 4) x 0 Tike ah apy eee oS Aa ‘ he VOW ton lon : } Of ORWVHOMORPEST4 SivRurRTORATtA i ) v, ty qi ® ' © ; a ’ Wiek pay < y sae f ' : ni ear > rae AT Sho 1 7 ; A : ~) ; ae ' Press wit . ipiwe ‘ ‘ ‘ Hid Aaletiieta hp pail Sea, eee ae stooped ot iobeelari Cap pren re : euler Weal ‘ae tl 6 if 2. oi PAE eg Re 8 ‘ bf mr ot at Metin wihhe¢ sso ” a aa er f hres! Gy Bake hy arn H Pre? , 1 shire ya ase | aT any tebaen Fath ay. wkiasi (ern ns i ioe ibe fe eae hare anes eters Kew wiv ae pee ryriiad ean, Ga Beat) tysangy a ut eel ved wig ine) Vi Wi 7 say ety saiite ver we aye s dana pice ; Path re ak Um ene) yi eM yp hidel : ‘ a ( hele aoey fee 10 OF Pe WM peer iat -4 OTH ipisradn, ityy w Sohath Mevttoys bh Maal LOrazy ty wey) bw ewe setae pe eT ee Meee me th dpe | ‘ite ak : ai ; pe ole 2 he inal Sop art OBE tia of Ot ereae rhe ome Ai ee ne, zt AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI—GIRAULT. 327 HOLASAPHES new genus. Female:—Head wider than the thorax, lenticular, the occiput concave; running to Asaphes Walker but the antennz only 11-jointed; club indistinctly 3-jointed, the flagellum clavate, the first funicle joint like a ring-joint. Like Asaphoideus Girault but the hind tibial spurs rather long and stout (somewhat stouter than normal in the other genus) and the postmarginal vein is twice or more the length of the marginal which is plainly not twice the length of the stigmal and the ovipositor and valves are distinctly extruded for a third or less the length of the abdomen. The punctate line across scutellum is rather distant from the apex in both genera and it is the fourth abdominal segment which is much the longest in both genera; also in both, the pronotum is subequal to the short scutum. Petiole in this new genus rather shorter than with Asaphoideus. Type of latter re-examined (type of niger). With the habitus of a Torymid and somewhat of a Eurytomid. 1. HOLASAPHES GREGI new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.67 mm., excluding the short ovipositor. Black, rather shining, the wings hyaline, the legs reddish brown, paler at the articula- tions and tarsi, the coxe black; antenne concolorous with the legs; last funicle joint widest, the joints not much unequal in length, the pedicel much longer than any of the funicle joints. Mandibles strongly tridentate, the teeth subequal (in Asaphoideus niger, the lateral tooth is distinctly the longest, the mesal one smallest). Thorax finely, transversely polygonally scaly, the seutellum uniformly sculptured, the abdomen smooth; lateral carine rather close to median on propodeum, curved, joining the median a short distance before apex; a deep, curved spira- cular sulcus runs directly from the small spiracle. (Spiracular sulcus also present in Asaphoi- deus niger but straighter). Segment 2 of abdomen longer than 3. Pronotum with a faintly indicated line of punctures across distad of middle. Described from one female captured March 9, 1912 in forest. Habitat: Horn Island, Torres Strait. Type: No. Hy 2788, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind tibiz on a slide. 2. HOLASAPHES EMERSONI new species. Female :—ULength, 1 mm., excluding ovipositor which is exserted for a length equal to a third that of the abdomen. Very dark shining metallic blue-green, nearly black, the fore wing with a more or less obscure yellowish stain under the marginal and stigmal veins, and which does not extend further caudad than the middle; legs and antenne pale straw yellow, the cephalic coxe con- colorous with the body. Caudal half of pronotum, the abdomen and the scutellum caudad of the transverse groove, glabrous. Otherwise as in the genotype, or nearly, but the club is distinctly 3-jointed, the head not as large and the antenne slenderer. Male :—Nov knuwn. Described from one female captured in a jungle pocket, March 1, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2789, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head, hind legs and a fore wing on a slide. 328 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. TrisE SPHEGIGASTERINI. The Australian genera of this tribe may need thorough revision. The genera are difficult to define. Genus SYNTOMOPUS Walker. 1. SYNTOMOPUS AUSTRALIENSIS Girault. The propodeum bears three distinct carine, a median and two lateral. The type is probably a female, stated to be a male in the original description. It has been re-examined. The type measures 1.75 mm., is on a slide and was captured at Kuranda, Q., December 18, 1912. : GENUS MERISMUS Walker. 1. MERISMUS SQUAMOSUS new species. Female: Length, 1.20 mm. Dark purplish, the wings hyaline, the stigmal vein about half the length of the marginal, the postmarginal distinctly longer than the stigmal. Legs yellowish brown, also the scape. Thorax reticulate scaly, the scutellum distad of the transverse line glabrous. Propodeum long, with a short neck, strongly tricarinate. Second abdominal segment occupying somewhat over half of the surface, deeply semicircularly emarginate, the third segment not half its length. Mandibles 4-dentate. Petiole a little longer than the hind coxe. Club long, with an apparent fourth joint near tip, the distal funicle joints quadrate, funicle 1 subequal to the pedicel, somewhat longer than wide. Antenne 13-jointed with two ring-joints. Pronotum transverse, its cephalic margin subacute. Male:—Not known. Described from one female captured by sweeping in forest, April 7, 1913. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2790, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. 2. MERISMUS SCUTELLARIS new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Dark metallic green, the legs (including the coxe) and antennal scape golden yellow, rest of antenne black. Seutum and propodeum densely reticulated, the parapsides, axille and scutellum almost smooth, and shining. Scutellum with a very distinct cross-suture and also with a deep oval fovea or depression in its centre. Propodeum long, strongly tricarinate. Abdomen short, convex above, straight beneath, the petiole as long as the hind coxe, the second segment occupying over half of the surface, its caudal margin straight. Wings hyaline; marginal vein scarcely longer than the postmarginal and twice as long as the stigmal. Mandibles 4-dentate. Pedicel somewhat longer than any of funicle joints which are subquadrate, a little longer than wide, club joints longer than wide. Described from one female caught sweeping foliage and grass along the Mulgrave River, mostly jungle, March 30, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Mulgrave River (Gordonvale), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2791, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind leg on a slide. dhl Tee i mig ie vIn] reahks 4 Late \ We ‘ tay: ie a etivey hays a Naka : "7 aa 7 Me be Mie Dig) ey SRG IOL TS TRAN ORS signi aK iy if F . eer kta a NAY ty) © wy In Reten, Byraalbien giv: wn Ml ji witiar i I v Gps Le Cavs Wiybwiey! cereus ‘rewothir, Ae, erally: ne ‘we appear APM Vee - ) eating? “Dyer ee caanyteld, Ty barter ia & Sa - * hited hee Leo I al hind ty. © a m0ath pb br aye se weg “ Noe Hy ‘ee Loni? ; we i a ; bua v4 i) sf ry Tee err n | ar Pe er |. PoP TOM ALNY eaciteseseoe 1 Uiialada. ee ih oe 1) i" rae ie ike ee ig Rares Peay ni fe | nem fa, hth bareebren ad dee A iy ‘ : fh mo ieiras Wehiecay Minisiee Boao), oc ER Se lpaee bron ‘Wes Poy roth Laem ; canal pgm: ew ps wee! | rade Aatro! } i ; D Va ae ; ea ls He, SPEC ALYS LORE ew Mga a vet i rat (ay ce i” Rane oe | Wamivig stale", 2:07 yu | Wie ‘D 7 x $4 Masinnt ' ‘a twitedl’ «# abv eh Pees tad pastel a Vim ately! (A, ve f Sieh WRIeMES \iorhety, wl, 0, ty Teieh, URS. OM palais ie mine darlene. fi tae pe rabrye ae She alee eeinetaliine fu ton amide, view Mee rt ie peur, ee ihe x te! a Ree aentiiie time | oa A: vig aap Hahubtal) Uae Winn le fp a rebalson 23 Ws yprey lorem ia, (te poeegan Ney Meptobs batik AMleetat” rah Oy ay we isa ee mips Maye! eivte NEN ee Ce he eee ty Mey) ee ee ee jos oy Li staaiia wag ll be or pcentinini MIAN Win, epee Cea hearer ayer Alin Lea Te i oe eT aie Bree Jato al de unt (open enn, penne ik gat JR Paty 6 eR “pws peel Se ', 7 (eles Phorter ecchay Welty’ Minor, Tq Mk ae Micaipnt bnag,” Se - 1 ehuerte GR Her G VET, Ricol Yeviiady iSO tare Mee ved eee Hi | ea Reema hn vide” aeycocienkty sale tn, Tea Madbiocty Min get Chas yh ie ite vinta Wisk Fhicie Sieh! ateali| ‘yernend Sia lanvas Tomgaye | \ 4 rubagatiade : biel hitien #4 havi, mab will Ne TS aha buh a le al % bye Breecbeit trom oi female tery bb Pe Pema Maher ae ait ha ond ’ eta toh, Carwin icky hist + S « Banitats, Gaston iC ad? de) prose hap ree ven. (aren heise Ke Dy Or Gee ip ea “ 2 ithe , | ers heal et Soy | ,° ate » Die! iva, ‘> (i @1 é 4 r ‘yy } Ad G7 mw TT A Vaiey BRIT PUIG ART Utey Act slat Sae, df ‘h- (fie mi. | WMS Cle Pieciabans OS igh, Woodie. aurea TIRE TIMOPLE Welket 1. CPR OMORUE AGITRALITSAE ihvenki, Lee, Uys 0 * ta ie ae Z ‘ S syle i) rs tr wiPelws B fema iu ) Pa Dy Cats ide ig a ThARL here ra made. whige x Aevtopyl iy ‘Mies aye dt sant along te ¥ ee, Ly ltatekey api BI nie 04 208 ER, ) | tess Wn / Tt vip: ire iver (annus: ) Raver) oad, Mi '. y Syne Me My bei.) Qaemteg: Morden: Deldbaae, ee emai ‘di Web BAR Dg eye ile b AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 329 GENUS POLYCYSTOIDES Girault. 1. POLYCYSTOIDES TENNYSONI Girault. A female May 14, 1914 by sweeping in forest, Gordonvale. General color black. The fore wings are a little stained proximad. The suture across scutellum is really a ridge and has the appearance of being the apical margin. Type re-examined. The latter is a female on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. It measures 2.50 mm, and was taken April 13, 1913. GENus HYPOPTEROMALUS Ashmead. 1. HYPOPTEROMALUS VIRIDESCENS (Walsh). In the detailed description of this North American species given in the Bulletin of the Wisconsin (U.S.A.) Natural History Society, x (1912), on page 25, second line from bottom, Cephalic aspect should read Dorsal aspect. 2. HYPOPTEROMALUS DUBIUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.25 mm. Differing from the detailed generic description (see, Bulletin of Wisconsin (U.S.A.) Natural History Society, vol. x, 1-2, June, 1912) in lacking the median carina of the propodeum and the obscure cross-suture on the scutellum; the first funicle joint is small, like a ring-joint and much smaller than the second; and the abdomen, viewed from lateral aspect, is not almost triangular, its ventral margin being but gently convex. Very dark metallic green, almost black; the propodeum (except at meson) and the abdomen much brighter green, the latter suffused with brown; coxe and femora brown; tibiwa, tarsi and antennal scape golden yellow; rest of antenne fuscous. Wings hyaline, venation as in Hypopteromalus viridescens (Walsh). Mandibles 3 and 4-dentate, the teeth acute. Head somewhat wider than thorax; thorax rather short and broad, not much longer than wide; scutum fully twice as wide as long, the parapsidal furrows only indicated anteriorly; scutellum, viewed from lateral aspect, distinctly convex. Propodeum rather short and broad; lateral carine inconspicuous; spiracles not large, with rather delicate spiracular sulci. Thorax rather finely reticulated, the reticulation in raised lines. Abdomen somewhat shorter and narrower than thorax; petiole short; second segment occupying one third of the surface; remaining segments about subequal. fPedicel distinctly longer than any of the funicle joints; first funicle joint small; second distinctly larger; 2-6 subquadrate, wider than long; club barely twice as long as wide, the three club joints about subequal. Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest, August 13, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2792, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and a hind leg on a slide. SPHEGIPTEROSEMA new genus. For diagnosis, see antea (these Memoirs, II), p. 323. The genotype is a new species. It measures 1.90 mm. and was taken in May, 1913. Its type is on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. s) 1.4 SPHEGIPTEROSEMA AUSTRALIENSIS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2.50 mm. Head and thorax very dark metallic green, almost black, the cox concolorous; rest of legs bright golden yellow; abdomen metallic purplish, its petiole yellow; antennal scape and pedicel yellow, rest of antenn@ black. Antenne 13-jointed, with two ring and three club 330 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. joints; flagellum gently clavate; first funicle joint somewhat shorter than the second and only a little longer than wide; 4-6 wider than long; club longer than two preceding joints united; first two club joints subequal, third smaller. Wings hyaline; venation golden yellow; marginal and postmarginal veins about subequal, each one third longer than the stigmal, which is slightly curved. Thorax with fine, polygonal reticulation, the reticulation in raised lines. Parapsidal furrows faint but complete. Scutellum with an obscure, transverse groove before apex. Propodeum rather short, broad, scaly, without a median carina but there is a shallow lateral suleus on each side of meson, running obliquely from the cephalic margin, the lateral margin of each suleus carinated and thus forming the lateral carine; spiracle elliptical, with a deep sulcus running obliquely from its caudal margin. Abdomen viewed from the lateral aspect, straight above, convex beneath; viewed from the dorsal aspect, it is conic-ovate, no longer than the thorax; petiole no longer than the hind coxe; second segment occupying over one third the surface; third and fourth subequal, each about one half as long as the second; fifth and sixth distinctly shorter than the fourth; eighth conical. Head no wider than long, no wider than the thorax. Mandibles 3 and 4-dentate. Described from one female captured by sweeping in jungle, June 7, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2793, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and a hind leg on a slide. SPHEGIPTEROSEMELLA new genus. For diagnosis, see antea (these Memoirs, II), p. 324. The males have the legs more uniformly fuscous. The types are five females on a card, a head, several antenne and hind legs. on a slide. They were reared from bombycid cocoons, April 7, 1911. Peterosema unicolor new species is the genotype. GENUS EURYDINOTELLA Girault. 1. EURYDINOTELLA VIRIDICOXA new species. Femcle:—Length, 130 mm. For rest of diagnosis, see antea (these Memoirs, II), p- 319. Described from a female captured by sweeping in forest along the banks of Cape River, December 27, 1913. 2. EURYDINOTELLA PUNCTATA new species. Female :—Length, 1.85 mm. Like prima Girault but the abdomen is not darker than the thorax; the coxe are concolorous; the pedicel is colored like the flagellum; the scape is golden yellow; the abdominal petiole is short, much shorter than the hind coxe; the third abdominal segment is slightly shorter than the second and the postmarginal vein is twice as long as the stigmal and as long as the marginal. At once differing from viridicoxa Girault in having a punctate propodeum. Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest and slight jungle, June 27, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2794, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. aT Le TA Me, Sets te Ot es eh To Pea Sa are ! i iy We wi i ty i. Hi vm ¥ Me. 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Bint, Ae peli , ve : ae tylowienign ose wy lel Pose ci a ; ¥ \ a aii + bara @ i tebe oa) > ; Dott, ae pes es na ua rs TaN re A ney i , Ut! | Soe ru, Bate - : acd ns ie Lee open py 7] . i : ‘" wit) ata ORL ath al ie ‘ yt. wa “i Th WN), Ga We fosze feu ubbey (dhovt syoasl et sae i ee Mind . ‘ » i gud ring tae evn) is ri My cae ‘ 64] iw es) q e F ’ . bn 5. af iA ‘ ' ’ ’ * i « rep, on : ng i? J J ii} e ' 4 ma ¥ se i al ap 4 ‘ + a i os litus j ' oth Fay ! i ? af \ y “ pi io oa ’ ‘ de Pu | Fx { 4 a | ~. f[ wl < = , 7 ' j Bal Lovig fi via i A , j « oust h PLAN Rien + 5 ine bay eee be tye eA “ae th stir wy : \ ty Dine oe To? Meee Lee wat fiir Air sc a oe re eve a ; + ‘* , Si De eri # Menthe be ow As oe | nd f, i i « ee « vA ee oh ; : 7 f K ast 4 Wichi tas i - a) ry v0.44, . 4 at t } 5 oe P : 7 ; te us a4 Pies. ad ay Ty eee oniga. Tis}s taste” ti Ae a ‘ AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI—GIRAULT. 331 GENUS EURYDINOTA Foerster. 1. EURYDINOTA PULCHRA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.60 mm. Dark metallic blue; coxe concolorous; rest of legs bright golden yellow; scape yellow; rest of antenne black. Wings hyaline. Antenne 13-jointed, with two ring-joints, the club 3-jointed; pedicel a little longer than first funicle joint; funicle joints gradually widening toward the apex; first slightly shorter than second; second and third a little longer than wide; 4-6 somewhat wider than long; first and second club joints about subequal, each somewhat wider than long. Marginal vein fully three times as long as postmarginal; stigmal vein shorter than postmarginal. Thorax densely polygonally reticulated, the reticulation in raised lines; parapsidal furrows incomplete; scutellum simple. Abdomen no longer than the head and thorax united; no wider than the thorax; petiole nearly as long as the hind coxe; second segment the longest, occupying one third of the surface, a little more than twice as long as third segment; the others all shorter than the third. Propodeum short and broad, with short, distinct spiracular sulci, a short abbreviated median carina and a circular fovea on each side of meson cephalad. Male :—Not known. Described from one female caught by sweeping on edge of jungle, May 22, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat :—Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2795, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. GENUS EURYDINOTELOIDES Girault. Synonym: Polycysteloides Girault. 1. EURYDINOTELOIDES FLAVIBASALIS new species. Female :—Length, 2.50 mm. Agrees with the generic description excepting that the lateral carinw of the propodeum are entire and there is no cross-carina; there is also a narrow spiracular sulcus. Dark brassy green, the wings hyaline, the tegule, knees, tibie, tarsi, scape and pedicel yellowish brown, the posterior tibia and tarsi pale; rest of antenne dusky. Base of abdomen above broadly (somewhat over half of segment 2 dorsad) and the dorsal incisions very narrowly and more or less obscurely, bright yellow. Whole of thorax rather finely, densely punctate. Propodeal spiracle small, round. Funicle joint 1 a little longer than the pedicel; 5 subquadrate; 1 plainly longer than wide and longest of the funicle. Club ovate, without a terminal seta. Compare Aplastomorpha flavobasalis. Described from one female caught by Mr. F. P. Dodd on flowers in October. Habitat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2796, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind tibiz on a slide. GENUS POLYCYSTELLA Girault. 1. POLYCYSTELLA ABDOMINALIS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.95 mm. Differing from the generic description in lacking the sinus on the second abdominal segment; the petiole is twice as long as the hind coxe; propodeum without a median carina but with complete, delicate lateral carinze; the spiracle is small; at least one mandible tridentate; and the postmarginal vein is over twice the length of the stigmal and one fourth longer than the marginal. 332 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Dark metallic green, the cox concolorous; rest of legs, abdominal petiole and antennal scape golden yellow; rest of antennw black. Wings hyaline, the venation golden yellow. Thorax (ineluding the propodeum) punctate. Abdomen short, convex above and beneath; the third segment viewed from the side, rising abruptly from the second. Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest, November, 1912 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Gordonvale near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 2797, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, a female on a tag. 2. POLYCYSTELLA PETIOLATA new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 2 mm. Like abdominalis but the lateral carine on the propodeum are distinct not delicate; there is a distinct suleus running obliquely from the caudal margin of the spiracle; the postmarginal vein is no longer than the marginal; the abdominal petiole is metallic; and the fourth segment occupies one half of the surface and is as long as the second and third combined (scarcely longer than the third and not equal to one third of the surface in abdominalis). Mandibles not seen; funicle joints subquadrate. Described from one female caught by sweeping in forest August 4, 1913 (A. A. Girault). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2798, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. EURYDINOTOMORPHA new genus. For diagnosis, see antea, p. 320. 1. EURYDINOTOMORPHA PAX new species. A female of this species was caught by sweeping in jungle, Gordonvale, near Cairns, July 31, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). ‘‘ The legs in this specimen are wholly golden yellow, the cox suffused with metallic. In the type, the femora and tibiw are darker, but not much darker than the tarsi. The median carina of propodeum, in both specimens, is one third complete from base.’’ (A. P. Dodd.) The pubescence is quite normal. 2. EURYDINOTOMORPHA GRANDIS new species. Female :—Length, 4 mm. Dark metallic brassy green; the abdomen somewhat brownish; cox concolorous; femora and antennal scape and pedicel bright brownish yellow; tibie and tarsi (except apical joint) white. Wings hyaline, the venation dark. Otherwise like the genotype but the joints of the flagellum are longer and the propodeum has a short neck and lacks the abbreviated median carina. Described from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, November 15, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Harvey’s Creek (near Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2799, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. 3. EURYDINOTOMORPHA BASALIS new species. Female :—Length, 4.15 mm. Very similar indeed to grandis but differing in that the abdomen ventrad is reddish brown (in grandis the middle of the abdomen rather broadly—nearly a third of the surface— dorsad is reddish) and the femora and tibia are uniformly rich reddish brown (the tibia are white in grandis); rest of abdomen dark metallic blue-green. The abdomen dorsad is AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 333 very finely transversely lineolated, segment 2 glabrous, segment 3 lineolated only cephalo- laterad, 4 only laterad; similarly sculptured in grandis and in the genotype but less densely in the latter; in all three segment 7 is as long as 2; in the genotype, segment 3 is only about half the length of 4, in grandis only slightly shorter while in basalis 3 and 4 are subequal and more transverse, each somewhat shorter than with grandis. In all three, the lateral caring are present, with a morc or less distinct fovea just mesad of its origin; lateral carina short, curved mesad around the fovea. fPedicel (in basalis) wholly black. Antenna and mandibles as in grandis. Segment 7 is pilose dorsad in all three species and all three bear a short neck at apex of the conical propodeum. Described from one female caught in forest May 22, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2800, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the female on a tag with type of grandis. 4, EURYDINOTOMORPHA INCERTA new species. Same as pax but lacks the median carina (pax has the middle coxa lemon yellow), the sculpture of the scutellum is denser but especially the parapsides which are scaly punctate, rather coarsely scaly in pax; also the tibiew are white. Differs from fusciventris in having the abdomen wholly dark metallic green, the general color of the thorax much more brassy. From grandis in having the abdomen of uniform color and from basalis in that the abdomen is wholly metallic, the tibie and tarsi white, the caudal coxe metallic only laterad (wholly metallic in basalis). In all the species there is a fold passing obliquely across caudad of spiracle and joined to the short lateral carina. Jind tibize reddish just below knees. The middle coxz are like the legs. From one female caught in jungle, June 3, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Grafton (Clarence River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2801, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; hind tibie and head on a slide with slide type of Aplastomorpha 5-fasciata. The genotype measures 3 mm. and was captured October 28, 1911, by sweeping. Its type is a female on a tag and a slide bearing the head and the hind legs.* PSEUDOSPHEGIGASTERUS new genus. For diagnosis, see antea, p. 322. 1. PSEUDOSPHEGIGASTERUS FLAVIPES new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.90 mm. Like e@neus Girault but the legs (including the coxe) are golden yellow, the antennal scape golden yellow, pedicel and ring-joints brown, rest of antenne black; second funicle joint a little shorter than first, the fifth longer than wide, not subquadrate. Abdominal segments as in @neus. Mandibles plainly 3- and 4-dentate. Described from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, November 13, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale and Harvey’s Creek (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2802, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. Type locality Gordonvale. A second female was subsequently found labelled ‘‘ Sweeping in jungle, Harvey’s Creek, near Cairns, November 15, 1913 (A. P. Dodd).’’ ° Antea, II, p. 320, line 6 of the description of fusciventris, Catolaccus read Aplastomorpha. 304 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. 2. PSEUDOSPHEGIGASTERUS ALBIPES new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault Female :—Length, 2.70 mm. Differs from the generic description in bearing an obscure cross-carina on the scutellum and in having complete lateral carinw on the long propodeum. Dark metallie green, the abdomen bluish, the legs and antennal scape white, the front cox somewhat dusky, pedicel brown, rest of antenne black. Wings hyaline; stigmal vein half as long as the postmarginal, the latter distinctly shorter than the marginal. Thorax polygonally reticulate, the reticulation in raised lines, rather coarser between the carinw of propodeum, the propodeum laterad of the carina, the axille and scutellum caudad of the suture very finely scaly. Abdomen rather broader than the thorax, conic-ovate, the second segment occupying about one third of the surface. Mandibles 3- and 4-dentate. Funicle joints all longer than wide, the first distinctly the longer, the fifth as long as the pedicel, the club with a terminal spur. Described from one female caught in jungle, February 11, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Babinda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2803, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, a female on a tag; head and hind Jeg on a slide. The genotype is a new species. It measures 1.25 mm. and was taken March 12, 1912. ‘The type is on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. GEeNus PARACROCLISIS Girault. 1. PARACROCLISIS WASHINGTONI Girault. The distal three segments of the abdomen dorsad are finely scaly. Type re-examined. ACROCLISOIDES new genus of Girdult and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Like Paracroclisis Girault but the propodeum is short, its spiracles are small ‘and rounded, its lateral carine absent; the postmarginal vein is a fourth longer than the marginal, the latter slightly thickened; stigmal vein nearly as long as marginal, straight, with a large round knob; the fourth abdominal segment not twice as long as the second. Also, the petiole is only a little longer than wide. Head very large. ‘1. ACROCLISOIDES MEGACEPHALUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.60 mm. Head and thorax dark metallic green; first two pairs of coxz concolorous; rest of legs and antennal scape and pedicel golden yellow, rest of antenne black; abdomen dark metallic blue. Fore wings hyaline, with an obscure dusky spot just beneath knob of stigmal vein. Head much wider than the thorax, the vertex narrow, the frons directed cephalad, mandibles 4-dentate. Pronotum very short. Parapsidal furrows complete, distinct. Scutellum as in Paracroclisis. Propodeum scaly. Abdominal petiole not slender, not as long as hind coxe; fourth segment occupying a half of the surface (excluding petiole). Antenne 13-jointed, with two ring and three club joints; pedicel scarcely longer than wide, the first funicle joint distinctly longer than pedicel and twice as long as wide. Funicle not clavate, the joints gradually decreasing in length but the last joint plainly longer than wide; the club as long as the two preceding joints united. 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PP bie (rey ite Hig iM wien ' Vell het Tart ye Mia Seb y, Vinee ne ona Sos eer" yt oe itr Aiea Vy) oy | 44) ted fas . heat teAe Wi AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 335 Deseribed from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, November 1, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2804, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide., 2. ACROCLISOIDES LATICEPS new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Very similar to megacephalus but the hind coxe also concolorous, the fore wings hyalinc, the postmarginal vein no longer than the marginal, the pedicel only suffused with yellow, the last three funicle joints yellow, ringed with black apically, the abdomen longer, oval, the fourth segment occupying less than a half of the surface, the abdomen not squarely cut off ‘behind it as in megacephalus. All three species have very large, 4-dentate mandibles. Described from one female caught in forest, January 27, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2805, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. 3. ACROCLISOIDES MAJOR new species of A. P. Dodd and A. A. Girault. Female :—Length, 2.50 mm. Similar to the genotype but much larger, all cox concolorous, rest of legs and antennal scape and pedicel lemon yellow, fore wings hyaline; head large but only a little wider than the thorax, the vertex not narrow, mandibles very large, petiole of abdomen yellow, not longer than hind coxe nor half as long as rest of abdomen, segments 2-4 subequal, the remaining ‘segments very short and hidden; stigmal vein somewhat longer than the marginal and a little ‘Shorter than postmarginal; funicle joints longer. Described from one female caught by sweeping edge of jungle, December 20, 1912 (A. P. Dodd). Hubiiat: Kuranda, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2806, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. EPIPOLYCYSTUS new genus. Female :—Like Neopolycystus Girault but the club lacks tke nipple-like fourth joint (or at least it is barely indicated) and is only 2-jointed, the fourth segment of abdomen is a little longer than the second, the third a little shorter, the three combined occupying two thirds of the surface. Also the propodeum is quite different in shape, being conical, very short at the spiracle (in Neopolycystus nearly as long from the spiracle as along the meson, the short neck making the difference), long at meson. Segments 2 and 3 of abdomen caudad at meson with very slight notches. Segment 5 of abdomen transverse sublinear, not half the length of ‘segment 4. Antenne 12-jointed with three ring-joints. 1. EPIPOLYCYSTUS ASILUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.30 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline; all of each leg and the scape yellow-brown, also first two ring-joints which are smaller than the third. Funicle joints more or less equal, enlarging slightly distad, each a little wider than long, the pedicel distinctly longer. Head 336 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. and thorax polygonally reticulated, the lines not raised, the propodeum a little smoother. Third ring-joint distinctly larger than the other two. Described from one female captured on a window, October 25, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2807, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and a hind leg on a slide. NEOPOLYCYSTELLA new genus. Female :—Similar in all details to Epipolycystus Girault but the fifth abdominal segment is not transverse-sublinear but long, longer than the third, over half the length of segment 4 which is longest. Postmarginal vein somewhat shorter than the marginal. Propodeum with lateral carine, longer at the spiracle which is situated just above and cephalad of a ‘« oulley.’? Segment 3 of abdomen not half the length of segment 4. Head a little wider than long (cephalic aspect), the antennal club 3-jointed. 1. NEOPOLYCYSTELLA SICARIUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 2.10 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the coxe concolorous, the legs reddish brown; abdomen shining, polished; head and thorax uniformly punctate. Pedicel longer than first funicle joint, the antenne black; funicle 1 longest of the funicle, somewhat longer than wide; funicle 5 quadrate. Club simple. Described from one female captured by sweeping in the forest, December 2, 1912 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2808, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. CRYPTOPRYMNOIDES new genus. Female:—Petiole of abdomen enlarged at base, short, about two thirds the length of the hind coxe. Antenne 13-jointed with two ring-joints, the club 3-jointed. Propodeum short, punctate, without carine or a neck, the spiracle minute and with an indefinite spiracular sulcus. Segments 2, 4, and 5 of abdomen subequal, longest, segment 2 occupying about a sixth of the surface, 3 shorter than it, the caudal margins of all straight, segment 6 not much shorter than the others. Both mandibles strongly 4-dentate. Parapsidal furrows absent. Pronotum transverse. Scutellum simple. Marginal vein short, the postmarginal and stigmal veins long, the postmarginal slightly longer, the stigmal slightly ‘shorter, than the marginal. Abdomen ovate. 1. CRYPTOPRYMNOIDES RABIOSUS new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.50 mm. Very dark metallic green, the wings hyaline; antenne black; legs concolorous, the knees and tarsi (except distal joint) pale. Mandibles with the inmost tooth somewhat truncate. Funicle joints all a little wider than long, subquadrate. Thorax densely polygonally reticulated, the reticulation in raised lines. Described from one female captured by sweeping miscellaneous vegetation along the Pioneer River, October 19, 1911 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Mackay, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2809, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, plus a slide bearing head and a hind leg. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI—GIRAULT. 337 ASYNTOMOPUS new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female:—Head not much wider than the thorax. Mandibles plainly tridentate, the outer tooth long and curved. Antenne 13-jointed, two ring-joints, three club joints. Pronotum not especially large. Parapsidal furrows complete, distinct. Scutellum with a cross-suture before the apex. Propodeum long, punctate, with a distinct mediay and true lateral carine; also deep, distinct spiracular sulci running its whole length. Abdominal petiole long and slender, fully twice as long as the hind coxe; second segment the longest, occupying nearly one third of the surface (excluding the petiole) ; segments 3-5 subequal, each one half as long as the second; caudal margins of segments straight. Postmarginal and marginal veins sub- equal; stigmal vein very oblique, two fifths as long as the marginal. 1. ASYNTOMOPUS FLAVISCAPUS new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 2.75 mm. Dark metallic blue-green; cox concolorous; rest of legs and antennal scape golden yellow; all femora and posterior tibie dusky at the centre; rest of antenne black. First funicle joint twice as long as wide, distinctly longer than the pedicel; 2-6 gradually shortening, the sixth as long as the pedicel and longer than wide; club as long as the two preceding joints united. Wings hyaline. Described from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, August 31, 1913 (A.A.G.). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2810, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. TRIPOLYCYSTUS new genus of A. P. Dodd. Female:—In Girault’s table of genera (1913), running near Eurydinotomorpha Girault and Polycysteloides Girault. Head not wider than thorax, no longer than wide. Mandibles 4-dentate. Antenne 13-jointed, with three ring and three club joiuts, the funicle joints sub- guadrate. Pronotum short. Parapsidal furrows half complete. Scutellum with a deep cross- suture before apéx. Propodeum rather long, with a distinct neck, with lateral carine and narrow spiracular sulci; median carina absent. Abdominal petiole very short, hidden by the propodeal neck. Abdomen conic-ovate, no longer than thorax, depressed above, convex beneath; second segment occupying a third of surface, third and fourth subequal, the others shortening. Mar- ginal vein somewhat thickened, postmarginal as long as marginal, stigmal distinctly shorter. Type: The following species. 1. TRIPOLYCYSTUS SULCATUS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 1.75 mm. Very dark metallic green, the cox concolorous, the abdomen brighter, first two pairs of femora brownish, rest of legs and antennal scape golden yellow, rest of antenne black. Wings hyaline. Thorax polygonally reticulated, the reticulation in raised lines, the propodeum punctate. Pedicel a little longer than any of the funicle joints of which the first is smallest, a little wider than long, the others slightly longer than wide; first club joint longest of the club. Described from one female caught on a window, February 17, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2811, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind legs on a slide. x 338 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. POLYCYSTOMYIA new genus of A. P. Dodd. Female:—In Girault’s table of genera (see Memoirs of Queensland Museum, vol. II) running close to Polycysteloides Girault and Hurydinotomorpha Girault but differing from both these genera in bearing a noncarinate propodeum. Antenne 13-jointed with three ring and three club joints. Parapsidal furrows one third complete. Scutellum simple. Pro- podeum punctate, rather long, without carine or sulci. Abdominal petiole very short; abdomen conic-ovate, depressed above, gently convex beneath, no longer than the head and thorax united ;. second segment occupying barely one fourth of surface, 3-5 subequal, each barely half as long es 2, 7 somewhat lengthened. Marginal vein somewhat longer than the postmarginal, the latter almost twice as long as the stigmal. Mandibles not seen. 1. POLYCYSTOMYIA PUNCTATA new species of A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 2.60 mm. Dark metallic green, the posterior coxe and base of other cox concolorous, rest of legs aud antennal scape and pedicel golden yellow; rest of antenne black. Thorax, including pro- podeum, densely punctate. Wings hyaline. Pedicel subequal to last funicle joint, which is distinctly longer than wide, funicle 1 distinctly longer than the pedicel, the others gradually shortening; club no wider than funicle, as long as two preceding joints united; first two club joints subequal; ring-joints increasing in size, the first small. Described from one female caught by sweeping in jungle, December, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2812, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head on a slide. PTEROSEMELLA new geuus. For diagnosis, see antea, p. 317. The genotype is a new species. It measures 1.85 mm. and its types are six males on a card, the head and hind legs on a slide. The tegule are pallid. GENUS MERISMOMORPHA Girault. 1. MERISMOMORPHA ACUTIVENTRIS Girault. The type measures 1.50 mm., is a female on a tag and was captured May 18, 1913. PTEROSEMIGASTRA new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Head no wider than the thorax. Antenne 13-jointed, with two ring and three club joints. Pronotum not long; scutum with complete parapsidal furrows; scutellum with a delicate cross-suture. Propodeum scaly, with a distinct median carina, also a cross- carina, the lateral ends of which curve abruptly cephalad, joining the cephalic margin mesad of the spiracles and thus forming short lateral carine; spiracle small and rounded, without distinct spiracular sulci. Petiole of abdomen short and stout. Abdomen conic-ovate, longer than the thorax, straight above, convex beneath; second segment occupying one third of the surface; third and fourth segments subequal, each one half shorter than the second; fifth half as long as the third; sixth and seventh subequal, each as long or slightly longer than the fourth. Ovipositor exserted for a length equal to one third that of the abdomen. Marginal vein one third longer than the postmarginal, the latter twice as long as the stigmal. Mandibles 3 and 4-dentate. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 339 1. PTEROSEMIGASTRA CENONE new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Genotype. Female :—ULength, 2.10 mm. Very dark metallic purplish, the coxe concolorous, the second abdominal segment brilliant metallic blue-green; rest of legs, antennal scape and funicle joints 4-6, bright golden yellow; rest of antennz dusky yellow. Wings hyaline. Pedicel distinctly longer than any of the funicle joints; funicle joints slightly clavate, almost subequal; 1-5 longer than wide, the sixth quadrate ; club as long as the two preceding joints combined; first club joint as long as the other two combined. Described from one female caught by sweeping jungle along a forest stream, June 14, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Northern Queensland (Gordonvale near Cairns). Type: No. Hy 2813, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, a female on a tag, the head and ‘hind legs on a slide. 2. PTEROSEMIGASTRA NIGRIFLAGELLUM new species of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—ULength, 1.75 mm. Dark metallic green, the coxe concolorous; abdomen suffused with brown, the first seg- ment bright metallic blue-green; femora dusky brown; tibie, tarsi and antennal scape golden yellow; pedicel dusky brown; flagellum black. Differing from @zone in having the marginal and postmarginal veins subequal, each over twice as long as the stigmal; aldomen slightly convex above, the second segment not occupying one fourth of the surface, 3 not a half the length of 2, 4 nearly twice as long as 3, 5 a little longer than 4 and subequal to 2, 6 subequal to 4; funicle joints all longer than wide, the first the smallest. Described from one female caught in jungle, July 31, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2814, Queensland Museum, Brishane, the specimen on a tag, the head ‘on a slide. PARAPOLYCYSTUS new genus of Girault and A. P. Dodd. Female :—Head much wider than the thorax; antenne inserted on about the middle of the face, 13-jointed with three ring-joints, three club joints; third ring-joint much longer than the other two and as long as wide. Mandibles tridentate. Parapsidal furrows half complete. Seutellum carinated posteriorly. Propodeum scaly, with a median carina and a distinct cross- earina; very deep, distinct spiracular sulci, the mesal margin of the sulci delicately carinated. Marginal vein two thirds longer than the postmarginal and twice as long as the stigmal. Abdomen short, scarcely as long as thorax; petiole shorter than hind cox, longer than wide, vertical; segment 2 occupying nearly a third of surface, almost twice as long as 3. Differing from Polycysteloides Girault in having tridentate mandibles, a longer marginal vein, distinct Spiracular sulci, a carinated caudal margin of the scutellum, a shorter abdomen and a longer ‘second abdominal segment. The cross-carina on scutellum is at caudal margin as seen from direct dorsal aspect and has analogy to the cross-suture frequently found in this place but is uot one as usually understood. mg Br 1, PARAPOLYCYSTUS PULCHRICORNIS new species. Genotype. Female:—Length, 2 mm. Short, stout. Head and thorax very dark metallic green, almost black; coxe and first two pairs of femora concolorous; posterior femora and all tibie and tarsi bright golden yellow; abdomen metallic green, not bright but much brighter than thorax; scape, pedicel and ring-joints golden yellow; funicle suffused with brown; club black. Wings hyaline. Antenne genily clavate. Pedicel a fourth longer than funicle 1, the latter not as long as combined length of ring-joints, one third longer than wide, 2 as long as 1, 3-5 shorter, wider than long; club nearly as long as three preceding joints united, first joint the largest. 340 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. The form and sculpture of this species is so clear-cut as to appear to have been chiselled out by a sculptor. The head is large. Described from one female caught in jungle July 31, 1913 by sweeping (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2815, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind leg on a slide. A second female same place, August 20, 1914 (A.A.G.). 2. PARAPOLYCYSTUS CLAVICORNIS new species of A. P. Dodd. Female :—Length, 3 mm. Similar to the genotype, pulchricornis, but the abdomen is bright burnished coppery, all the legs (except the coxe) are blood red, antennae rather darker, the third ring-joimt is much larger, distinctly longer than wide and the raised reticulation of the thorax is coarser, segments 2-4 of abdomen excised at meson of caudal margin (only second aad third in pulchricornis). Described from one female labelled ‘‘ Stradbroke Island, H. Hacker, November 5, ’13.’’ Habitat: Stradbroke Island, Southern Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2816, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind legs on a slide. In this genus the antenne are clavate, the club much enlarged, the third ring-joint enlarged and forming a transition between the ring and funicle joints, more especially so in clavicornis. The petiole is vertical and from a distinct knob-like neck of the propodeum. Head convex, round from cephalic aspect. POLYCYSTELOMORPHA new genus. Female :—Running to Polycystoides Girault but both mandibles 4-dentate, the petiole of abdomen slender, distinctly much longer than the hind coxe (nearly twice longer), the parapsidal furrows distinct and complete, narrow, the scutellum simple, the form shorter, the body of the abdomen no longer than the thorax, convexed as in Polycystella, the second segment occupying somewhat over half of the surface. Propodeum tricarinate, long, the lateral carinz curved, the spiracle minute, round, without a definite suleus. Mandibles deeply cleft. Post- marginal vein shorter than the marginal, the well-developed stigmal vein a third shorter, curved; the postmarginal not especially long for that vein and really somewhat (a third) shorter than the marginal which is of moderate length but not long. Club solid; two ring-joints. Pronotum transverse. 1. POLYCYSTELOMORPHA FLAVIFEMUR new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.15 mm. Dark wneous, the wings hyaline, the coxz concolorous, the rest of the legs and all of each antenna pale yellow, the club dusky. Head and thorax densely scaly, also the petiole, rest of abdomen highly polished. Venation pale. Antenne inserted on a level with the ventral ends of the eyes (or thereabouts), rather distant from the clypeus; joints 2 and 3 of funicle longest, a little longer than wide, 1 barely longer than wide, 5 subquadrate, 6 wider than long; pedicel a little longer than funicle 2; club wider, without a terminal spine. A fovea at cephalic margin of propodeum near base of lateral carina. Described from one female captured in forest, August 10, 1913 by sweeping (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2817, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag, the head and hind tibiz on a slide. } Ly", ry Mii sii a : ki on pera: pet ly waieas ek er gay «) ; 4 ot , = iwi ‘h agivnd,’ vey -: 7 ent aint 13 Lie iat v wllyys rig, ‘ vl ath } ¢ nd a, aM fu ey kt ye ie Preniiny den wig e: Fae ‘) Mee ies é vit i = tka ign : byw rep 2 ; F ple ‘yeh: Whom Weehag® See ARIAL A Sat ina Ccaptadia coke ie eels, valuta wg Fouad we tMed aN apmMlRhty Iie, ay waters tally y yu, 294 piace +. pelted, «inert oe aie an hetigs Se » jonreet of the wer be nds.” rh beat’ Osi . :' agatsl ela oe igre eit ae at Lie im, Wht basa oh # Ler : ror ‘ a oe ies 7 ved, :. ; nas ~vocied, ep erate. maar oe 7 AY rip | argu Alwia smal tee 4 7 ae | Me f "ny vifaacdies, | bas oe | , oat NBO RPL ct org Pore ee ie a) » UWA ivheg thas lag, che Saree hand! yt iy tie Ri: so Phage Foie hd Oe a jared | the enienmer she tem dni mound Nie tcdemtone Beals the ars witeplals “pieeg dem vie Bod abtalyte ei Aest jig lle, the 3 _sphencle Eo) ' gravure cli eer piny ' a a A chery wien be ieee 7 nin ‘the feds tively lamgut’ thein, 8 oh ia 1 wee bs » PMT Nar ity’ Wy aa ie aid her he Ohr pede 4 “ a hts sot an gina i Matinitiy 9 alee Bana aN ve Nh bal ae a Ae v' ‘s ' e snd! re ris cvtie “mys ‘enti * Hiity rte. o a ie tt e iN ea {49 wen: tr a el a One po wwigeta’ 4 OF ik q ‘ mW €,)) Ht » GO . oot) code ater anti Mier ' oa, ont hehe Tee se i ived ; mia ey F Ler ae [Owl? ve ‘ ’ tjosewalaya | hy a, ama, te neni & ve , : A tame (See, AOD \ ; ' 4 H PARAPOLLCNITOL ChAVICORS Baw greeks of Se PR My aad o a i ee 5 ort haces brigh? Hae — be toes mara th ; ' : : bd (dak : d nee WIT de™ rR ihens tr ile * ve Ava es al wee a a * tip ‘ j Rees aj re t ) a Tre be 6) Tem uk Reel ¢ : 7 } ag ht manag (gol ft . yma “oor \ (uc OLA, iar CHG rer 1 ro : j j in , . ‘ t eivhal yf the Adda . wit g ' ’ it wave. "4 WOT me ae wi , ie wedi ft : , uj ia ley i i =_—*'§ riveree AVITER Us : Ne ’ 0 a : whi ; ( beahatre 4 ‘hi a ’ . Tits 7 Pwr 1)! hada he leat. ‘ mA inet OD WAS Ay ntl Va ofa He) f (AWS? Pra 1 park, patty S Lopigeat,. B PEA! Mogi tev y Witsoe? than wil, § ee han 4 & Tee) MCR ingyg i a “djar aorta secnllaine ris epperd 2 tat ttf psc hews ern Tisha 3: Ti 4 ae F 7 a Hy, Weticited finu one Treat goyagrr Korot, Aout 20, 1008 iy) oF 2 ii \'thts"¥, ¢ i ‘ ve Pog: Ni hg PA? Wout eek | wha Blido. rf Waitind:. Gordon dhe {C4yiveely Gerry re ee 4 sian ‘Vie With Himapllgngien, Thad) Mpa eae MS ANG Sie ip , * AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI—Gif AULT. 341 NEOPOLYCYSTUS new genus. Male:—Head (cephalic aspect) round, the mandibles 3- and 4-dentate, the antenna 13-jointed with three ring-joints, the club 3-jointed (but with a distal, tubercle-like fourth joint, the antennze 14-jointed). Parapsidal furrows two-thirds complete from cephalad. Scutellum simple. Propodeum punctate, nonearinate but with moderately short, complete spiracular sulci and a fovea at cephalic margin half way to spiracle from meson; spiracle not large. Postmarginal vein as long as the marginal, the stigmal a third or more shorter. Petiole slender, distinctly longer than the hind coxz, the second abdominal segment next longest of the segments, occupying about a fourth of the surface, its caudal margin convex, the third segment as long as the second, the fourth longest, occupying half of the surface and inclosing all of the rest. Pronotum transverse-linear. Fore wings with short marginal fringes. 1. NEOPOLYCYSTUS INSECTIFURAX new species. Genotype. Male :—Length, 1.75 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the scape, legs, cephalic coxa (more or less) and the tegula, yellowish brown; femora washed with metallic. Rest of antenna black, the coxm concolorous. Head and thorax reticulate punctate, the abdomen polished, without sculpture. Pedicel slightly longer than funicle 1, which is slightly the longest of the funicle, barely longer than wide, the fifth or distal joint plainly wider than long; distal club joint simple. Deseribed from four specimens selected at random from sixteen on a card in the collections of the National Museum of Victoria at Melbourne, labelled ‘‘ 29. Ringwood, Victoria. 18-12-03,’? and mounted with a flower-like cluster of red nematocerous, dipterous pupe on the tip of a leaf. The pupx bore two terminal horns cephalad. The pteromalids emerged through a single, large, round hole in the side of each pupa. Habitat: Ringwood, Victoria. Types: In the National Museum, Melbourne, the above specimens; a slide with a head, hind legs and antenne. TRIGONOGASTRELLA new genus. Female :—Head (cephalic aspect) a little wider than long, the antennz inserted in the middle of face, 13-jointed with two ring-joints, the club 3-jointed, the antennez slender. Parapsidal furrows half complete. Both mandibles 4-dentate. Scutellum simple. Propodeum punctate, with a complete median carina and straight spiracular sulci, the spiracle cephalic, small, round-oval. Petiole of abdomen distinctly projecting caudad of hind cox which are inserted farther cephalad; petiole distinctly longer than wide. Segment 2 of abdomen notched at the meson caudad, longest, occupying somewhat over a third of the surface, segment 4 half its length, distinctly longer than 3 which is short. Postmarginal vein elongate, as long as the marginal, the stigmal distinctly shorter than either, about half the length of the postmarginal, slender. Male:—The same but the spiracular sulcus is curved and shallower, cylindrical oval instead of conic-ovate, the antenne filiform. 1, TRIGONOGASTRELLA PARASITICA new species. Genotype. Female :—Length, 1.35 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the scape except at tip, tibie, knees, tarsi and femora (more or less) yellowish brown, the femora washed with metallic. Head and thorax punctate confluently. Scape slender, distal club joint simple, pedicel subequal to funicle 1 which is somewhat longer than wide, the following joints gradually shortening. 342 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Male:—The same but the femora wholly yellow-brown and the scape; also, the funicle joints are subelongate, the first about twice the length of the pedicel, not as long as the club, the sixth distinctly longer than the pedicel, distinctly shorter than 1. Described from two male, one female, specimens on a ecard in the collections of the National Museum of Victoria at Melbourne, labelled ‘‘ 31. Bred from leaves of Artichoke, 12-92,7? Habitat: Melbourne, Victoria. Types: In the National Museum, Melbourne, the above specimens and a slide with the female head, hind leg and male antenna. Later, three more specimens from the same collections. ACROCLISELLA new genus. Female :—Similar in shape to Paracroclisis Girault but segment 4 of abdomen is not enlarged, a little shorter than segment 2, the mandibles are 3- and 4-dentate and the propodeum bears lateral carins: which about the middle curve in to the median carina, the spiracle oval, moderate. Postmarginal vein elongate, over twice the length of the stigmal but a little shorter than the rather long marginal. The longer marginal vein and different mandibles separate it from Acroclisoides Girault and Dodd; also the much longer petiole and slender body. In the table of genera runs to Lomonosoffiella but the scutellum lacks the cross-suture and is as in Paracloclisis. True spiracular sulci absent. 1. ACROCLISELLA PERPLEXA new species. Female :—Length, 2.30 mm. Dark metallic green, the wings hyaline, the venation dusky, the legs except coxe and the scape dull honey yellow; center of abdomen along meson dorsad suffused with yellow. Antennz black. Mandibles white, reddish brown at tip. Pedicel shorter than funicle 1 which is longest, wider distad, nearly one and a half times longer than wide at apex, joints 2-4 subequal, somewhat longer than wide, 6 quadrate, 5 subequal to pedicel. Cephalic margin of clypeus near lateral ends emarginate. Head, parapsides, petiole, propodeum, axilla, pronotum laterad and scutum cephalad, scaly reticulate; rest of thorax punctate, the scutellum a little coarser than scutum. Parapsidal furrows punctate, terminating caudad in an oval fovea which is narrowly separated from the mesal ends of the axille, thus incomplete. Abdomen subglabrous, segment 3 at meson of caudal margin with a slight notch, segment 2 depressed. Propodeum with a distinct neck; a large fovea just caudo-mesad of the spiracle, its caudal boundary froming a cross-carina laterad of the lateral carina. Described from one female. Habitat: Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2820, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; antenna and hind legs on a slide. ' PARAPTEROSEMOIDEA new genus. Female :—In my table of genera runs to Apterosemoidea Girault but differs as follows: The antennz are inserted below the middle of the face, on or a little below the ventral ends of the eyes, the mandibles are 4-dentate, the abdomen is convexed ventrad. The propodeum without true carinz but a fold or carina runs from the caudo-mesal part of the spiracle, latero-caudad, then crossing caudad of the spiracle and joining at apex another fold running meso-caudad from cephalo-lateral angle and forming a U at whose mouth lies the spiracle. Propodeum of nearly uniform length. Abdominal petiole not half the length of the hind coxa. Third ring- joint as long as the other two combined. Otherwise like Apterosemoidea. Parapsidal furrows obtuse. AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI—GIRAULT. 343 1. PARAPTEROSEMOIDEA SPURCIPENNIS new species. Female :—Length, 1.35 mm. Dark metallic green, the legs and scape yellow-brown, the abdomen reddish brown, dark coppery rather broadly at apex and with a not broad metallic stripe across base (also appearance of a narrow dusky stripe across distal edge of segments 2 and 3). Flagellum black; first two ring-joints yellowish; funicle 1 somewhat longer than wide, longest, a little shorter than the pedicel; funicle 5 wider than long, subequal to 2, 3 and 4. Joint 1 of caudal tarsus much longer than any of the others. Fore wing lightly embrowned throughout and with a distinct darker, rather broad cross-stripe from proximal two thirds of the marginal vein and a dark, longer than wide, rectangular area from apex of stigmal vein; the two are obscurely connected by a short midlongitudinal arm. There are also two subhyaline cross-stripes, the first just proximad of the cross-stripe, the second just distad of it, between the cross-stripe and the substigmal area. Under the submarginal vein a darker longitudinal streak caudad. Fore wing with broad hairless line but this is closed cephalad by about six lines of discal cilia. Head and thorax with usual sculpture, finely punctate. Segments 2 and 3 of abdomen caudad at meson with very slight traces of incisions, the abdomen polished except at apex. From one female caught on forest uplands, May 30, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Maclean (Clarence River), New South Wales. Type: No. Hy 2818, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head, hind legs and a fore wing on a slide. PARATRIGONOGASTRA new genus. Female :—Agreeing with the description of Paracroclisis Girault and running to that genus in my table of genera but differing at once in having segment 4 greatly lengthened, enclosing all but two of the rest of the segments and occupying somewhat over half of the surface (in the other genus four segments are distinct distad of 4). Also, the parapsidal furrows are only a third complete from cephalad, segment 3 of abdomen is a little longer than 2 and is straight caudad at meson, the petiole is about twice the length of the hind coxe, the propodeum is noncarinate but with distinct spiracular sulci and the postmarginal vein is not quite twice the length of the stigmal, barely shorter than the marginal. Otherwise the same. 1. PARATRIGONOGASTRA VOLTAIREI new species. Female :—Length, 1.40 mm. Dark wneous green, the wings hyaline; scape pale; coxe concolorous, rest of legs reddish brown. Pedicel a little pale, subequal to funicle 1 which is longest, somewhat longer than wide; funicle 6 somewhat wider than long, 5 subquadrate; club wider, the articulations not very distinct. Thorax reticulately punctate, including the propodeum. Hind coxe and petiole finely scaly. Abdomen glabrous. Propodeum with a more or less distinct fovea at cephalic margin about half way to spiracle from the meson. Abdomen conic-ovate. Mandibles 4-dentate. Described from one female captured by miscellaneous sweeping, March 29, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Halifax (Ingham), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2819, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag. SusramMinry DIPARINA. GENUS PANSTENON Walker. The Australian species have the parapsidal furrows not quite complete, two large ring- joints and a large pronotum. Types of bellicosus, gracilis and australiensis re-examined. 1. PANSTENON CLARUS new species. Female :—Length, 2.60 mm. Somewhat like bellicosus but stouter and the abdomen is light yellowish brown with a distinct pattern as follows: It is margined conspicuously but not very broadly with metallic 344 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. purple from base to a little beyond middie, the tip above is purple and is preceded by a cross- stripe of purple; between this cross-stripe and the end of the marginal stripe there is along the margin a dot of purple (bellicosus has the abdomen brown and margined all around with blackish purple, the distal fourth or somewhat more, purplish). The antenne are very similar except that in this species the joints are a little longer (in both the joints shorten distad, 1 being somewhat longer than six which is only a little longer than wide); in gracilis 2 and 3 are subequal and somewhat the longest, longer than 6; in australiensis the joints are all some- what longer than wide and subequal. In gracilis, the abdomen is margined somewhat as in this species but more obscurely, the colors dull and the pattern obscured. Scutum and seutellum scaly punctate, the propodeum rugulose; cephalic part of scutum, pronotum and head scaly (sculptured as in bellicosus except that in that species the scutellum is not punctate but rather coarsely scaly). Described from one female captured in forest, April 12, 1914. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2821, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head and hind legs on a slide. A second female was obtained same place, May 21, 1914. EPILELAPS new genus. With a distinct lelapine habitus. Hind tibial spurs single. Fore wings nearly as in the Entedoninz, the submarginal vein broken and somewhat shorter than the long marginal, the postmarginal longer than the stigmal, only moderate in length. Fore wings rather slender, with long marginal cilia. Antenne inserted slightly ventrad of middle of the face, 13-jointed with one ring-joint (but in the genotype, funicle 1 is distinctly wider than long), the club 3-jointed, wider than the funicle. Axilla rather widely separated. Parapsidal furrows complete. Club rather abruptly formed. Wings without a pattern, hyaline or subhyaline. Mandibles tridentate. Other structures as in Lelaps. 1. EPILELAPS HYALINIPENNIS new species. Female. Genotype. Length, 1.75 mm. Black, the wings hyaline, the abdominal petiole, neck of propodeum and the abdomen ventrad, yellowish brown. Legs yellow, also the antenne but the club black; pedicel elongate, one ring-joint, the funicle joints all more or less subquadrate. Seutellum distad of transverse suture (or distal third) longitudinally striate. Thorax scaly punctate, the propodeum rugose, with a tooth dorso-laterad, distad of middle. Abdomen glabrous. Prono- tum separated, transverse. A common species. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Jungle, June 7, 1913, two females. Type: No. Hy 2822, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, one female on a tag, a hind leg and the head on a slide. 2. EPILELAPS PONDEROSA new species. Female. Length, 1.35 mm. Much like the genotype but the wings slightly embrowned throughout, the abdomen dorsad is black only at proximal and distal thirds, the proximal funicle joint is transverse like a ring-joint yet twice the length of the ring-joint and the distal funicle joint is blackish. Segment 2 of abdomen over half the length of that region. Mandibles tridentate. Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Jungle, June 16, 1913. Type: No. Hy 2823, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above specimen on a tag, the head and appendages on a slide with the type of Aphelinus nox Girault. A second female was taken in the jungle at Gordonvale, July 24, 1913. Compared with type. The postmarginal vein is twice the length of stigmal, the latter rather short. 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F wie mea, Yay hh Pe 4 ce nyt e PO i Mee raha iL wily *) i, 594 1 yy MA Set orye CAR” sem tl oF ett pent thie sas Ee viseatir aby Um oem sig ' 4 AV oo ane am Cray | « AUSTRALIAN HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA, VI.—GIRAULT. 345 PSEUDIPARA new genus. Female :—Differs from Epilelaps in lacking the cross-suture on the scutellum, in having the marginal fringes of the fore wing of nearly normal length, the postmarginal vein elongate and the parapsidal furrows convergent caudad, meeting just before apex and incomplete. Differs from Panstenon and Dipara in having seven funicle joints and only one ring-joint which is large. Petiole of abdomen a little longer than the hind coxx. Otherwise like Epilelaps. Postmarginal vein over thrice the length of the stigmal. Club solid, the antenne inserted on the middle of the face. 1. PSEUDIPARA ALBICLAVA new species. Genotype. Female:—Length, about 2 mm. Slender. Dark metallic purplish, the legs and scape yellow, wings uniformly slightly dusky; club white; funicle and pedicel black. Pedicel slightly longer than funicle 1 which is longest and somewhat over twice longer than wide, 2-4 subequal, each a little shorter than 1, 5 and 6 subequal, a little shorter, 7 a little shorter than 6, distinctly longer than wide. Third tooth of mandible obtuse, the other two acute. Ocelli nearly in a straight line, distant from the eyes. Marginal fringes of fore wing a little longer than usual, about a seventh of the greatest wing width, not as long as some of the bristles from the venation. Marginal vein twice or more the length of the submarginal. Parapsidal furrows not attaining pronotum, running off laterad. Thorax delicately sealy; scutellum subglabrous but with longitudinal strie laterad. Abdomen glabrous, the petiole with strong longitudinal carine; second segment occupying two thirds of the surface. Propodeum with a distinct neck and with a few interlacing cross and longitudinal carinze which form very large fovea-like areas; no true median and lateral carine. Abdomen conic-ovate. Axillz widely separated. Pronotum not especially large. Hind wings dusky; both wings clearer toward base. Described from one female captured in forest, sweeping at a height from 2,500 to 3,000 feet (Mt. Pyramid), June 3, 1913 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Gordonvale (Cairns), Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2824, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the specimen on a tag; head, pair of wings and two hind tibie on a slide. SupraMiry SPALANGIIN AL. SPALANGIOMORPHA new genus. 1. SPALANGIOMORPHA FASCIATIPENNIS new species. For diagnosis, see antea, pp. 333-334, Male:—Antenne filiform, 11-jointed, with one ring-joint, the distal funicle joint a little longer than wide, a little longer than the pedicel; funicle 1 distinctly longer than wide; club solid. Club and distal two joints of funicle black; rest of antenna pale yellowish. Club much longer than the funicle joints. Mandibles 4-dentate. Abdomen, lateral aspect, globular, the petiole longer than the caudal coxa. Postmarginal and stigmal veins more or less equal, the marginal cilia rather short, not as long as the stigmal vein, Described from one male taken from the window of a grocery store, Port Douglas, Queensland, October 30, 1911. A female also, captured in a similar situation at Halifax (Ingham), Queensland, February 25, 1913. The head resembles that of an ant, the antenne inserted far down near the clypeus. Abdominal petiole moderate. The female genotype measures 1.55 mm. and was captured at Port Douglas, October 30, 1911 from the window of a grocery store. Its type is the female on a tag, the head, hind legs and a fore leg on a slide with the type appendages of Chalcitelloides nigrithorax io Girault. x 346 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. GENUS SPALANGIA Latreille. 1. SPALANGIA GROTIUSI Girault. The cross-line of fovee on distal seutellum is much more distinct than in australiensis, punctate; there is a distinct cross-line of punctures on seutum a little cephalad of middle and caudad of this line a deep puncture at meson and a smaller one laterad near lateral margin; the seutellum lacks the lateral longitudinal line of pin-punctures and other pin-punctures. Scutum glabrous and without other sculpture, practically. Face with a few scattered minute punctures. Type re-examined. 2. SPALANGIA AUSTRALIENSIS Girault. The lateral margin of propodeum is smooth. Scutellum with a curved lateral longitu- dinal line of five pin-punctures from inner apex of axilla to cross-line of pin-punctures. The scutum is very finely alutaceous. Pronotum faintly sculptured like the abdomen and with scattered pin-punctures. A line of punctures on propodeum parallel to lateral margin from the spiracle to caudal margin. Scutum glabrous laterad; with a mesal foveolate impression with a faint median carina through it. Type re-examined. 3. SPALANGIA VIRGINICA Girault. The scutellum also lacks the fine punctures elsewhere. Propodeum faintly scaly. Abdom- inal petiole distinctly longer. Head about as in grotiusi. Funicle 1 over twice the length of 2 which is oval, the others gradually lengthening. Pedicel shorter than funicle 2. Type re-examined. 4. SPALANGIA PARASITICA new species. Female. Exactly similar to grotiusi but the scutum is distinetly longer, not distinetly wider than long, the cross-line of punctures somewhat distad of middle. Funicle 1 is a little wider than long, barely longer than 2 and plainly not half the length of the pedicel. Segment 4 of abdomen occupying nearly half of the surface. Deseribed from one female captured by sweeping in vicinity of canefields, Herbert River, April 2, 1914 (A. P. Dodd). Habitat: Ingham, Queensland. Type: No. Hy 2825, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, the above female on a tag. Later, a female was found which had been captured in jungle, July 23, 1912 at Goondi near Innisfail (Johnstone River). Both the species parasitica and grotiusi differ from the other two species in having the propodeum laterad of the lateral line of fovew, densely rugoso-punctate. The punctate lines on the head are alike in all four species. Only the abdomen of the Pteromalide, as a rule, shrinks after death, so that it is important to examine it closely just after taking the specimen from alcoliol. The Eunotine. Asaphini and Merisini need careful comparison. There are some interesting parallelisms in this family with the Lelapinz and other groups of the Miscogasteride. 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