i o a RETURN TO LIBRARY OF MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY a m a WOODS HOLE, MASS. LOANED BY AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA BY THOS. L. CASEY VI 1915 PUBLISHED BY THE NEW ERA PRINTING COMPANY LANCASTER, PA. A CONTENTS PAGE I — A Review of the American Species of Rutelinae, Dynastinse and Cetoniinae I II — Studies in some Staphylinid Genera of North America 395 I— A REVIEW OF THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF RUTELIN^E, DYNASTIN^: AND CETONIIN^. The primary divisions of the Scarabaeidae are not rigorously definable and, in fact, after so long a period of geologic evolution, it would be illogical to imagine any other condition than an inter- blending of structural characters to such a degree as to render delimitation of extended groups, in other than a general way, more or less unsatisfactory. There is scarcely a structural feature defining one group that may not appear in some other group. This is in a measure true also of the more restricted subdivisions, such as genera, except when monotypic. The discussion of these points is made by Lacordaire so fully and so well, that it is not necessary to go into the subject at the present time and in a work designed more especially to differentiate and define the species of a restricted fauna. Subfamily RUTELIN^. The essential structural peculiarities of this large and important group of genera may be said to be the unequal tarsal claws, the corneous ligula, which is rigidly fused with the mentum to form a single large plate, the free labrum, the 9- or lo-jointed antennae, invariably having a 3-jointed club, which is small or moderate in length and, finally, the fact that the last three pairs of abdominal spiracles rapidly diverge posteriorly, the last spiracle on (Plusiotis) or just above (Anomalce) the suture between the last abdominal plate and the propygidium. In the present paper I am disinclined to advance any changes in the scheme of classification proposed by Lacordaire, except to suggest that the singular membranous elytral margins might be made a primary character, as the Geniatids appear to be more closely allied to the Anomalids than they are to the true Rutelids, and again because such an arrangement would shift the Dynastid- like Parareoda, Byrsopolis and Polymcechus to the end of the series, instead of separating these genera from the Dynastinae by T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 2 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA the Geniatids. The tribes, so far as they concern the North American fauna, are arranged by Lacordaire as follows: Labrum oblique, thin, not prolonged but generally sinuate medially. .2 Labrum large, vertical, more or less prolonged medially, generally abutting against the ligula 3 2 — Elytra with a membranous border; antennae always 9-jointed. ANOMALINI Elytra without a membranous border; anterior coxae transverse and deep-set RUTELINI 3 — Tarsi simple *ANOPLOGNATHINI Tarsi dilated at least in the males *GENIATINI Only the first two of these tribes occur north of the Mexican boundary. The Geniatini are almost confined to South America, though a few occur in Central America; the body is more elongate and with much greater cephalic development than in the Anomalini and the larger claw of all three pairs of tarsi is cleft in a very large proportion of the species. Tribe ANOMALINI. This important section of the Rutelinae is composed of very numerous species, assignable to many genera and widely distributed over the greater part of the earth in both high and low latitudes. The genus Anomala, as enlarged by Burmeister and Lacordaire, contains many discordant elements and has more the nature of a supergenus or subtribe than a true genus, the latter being properly a group of species rigidly limited by special and restricted structural characters, assuming, at any rate, the absence of real intergrades, which seems to be the condition characterizing most of the subordi- nated groups. Habitus is an important character in estimating the limits of such groups of species. Furthermore in the present case it is necessary either to recognize a number of distinct genera, of which Euchlora is one of the more conspicuous, or to give the latter name to the entire group, for it antedates Anomala in point of time and therefore, in justice, ought not to have been made to give way to the latter. I much prefer the former course. The greater part of the Anomalini are small or moderate non- metallic forms, with rather thin integuments, but there are some large and densely chitinized species of brilliant coloration, such as the Chinese Euchlora viridis Fabr., which rival the conspicuous typical RUTELIN.E 3 Rutelids of Central America. The tarsal claws are greatly diversi- fied, but both claws of the posterior tarsi are invariably simple, the larger never cleft as it generally is in the South American tribe Geniatini, which could very well immediately follow the Anomalini in the series as before stated, because of the membranous elytral margins, and not be separated therefrom by the tribe Rutelini. In the following generic analysis of the tribe Anomalini, only such North and South American genera are included as are actually represented by material in my collection : Mesosternal epimera not ascending before the elytral humeri 2 Mesosternal epimera narrowly and inconspicuously ascending in front of the humeri; larger claw of the first and second tarsi always cleft, more unequally in the male as usual; ligula broad 6 2 — Ligula small and narrow, entire at tip; tarsal claws all entire, never cleft 3 Ligula large and broad, generally more or less sinuate at tip 4 3 — Clypeus long, rounded; anterior thoracic angles rounded; body moderately large in size, pale, glabrous. Sonoran regions. [Type Anomala cavifrons Lee.] Rhombonalia Clypeus short, deeply concave, broadening to the base; anterior thoracic angles acute; body very small in size, with thin pale integuments. Florida. [Type Anomala semilivida Lee.] Anomalepta 4 — Labrum sharply inflexed, the exposed edge thin; clypeus rather long, the upturned apex feebly sinuate medially; ligula very large and transverse, broadly and angularly emarginate at apex; body cunei- form, with thin pale integuments; larger claw of the first and second tarsi not properly cleft but with an inclined acute tooth beneath near the apex. Sonoran regions. [Type A. cuneata n. sp.] Anomalacra Labrum not sharply inflexed. the exposed edge obtuse, integuments, claws and habitus greatly diversified * 5 5 — Mesosternum between the coxae flat or but feebly convex, the meso- metasternal suture always evident. Cosmopolitan. [Type Scara- b&us ceneus DeG.] Anomala Mesosternum tumid and smooth between the coxae, more or less anteriorly prominent and sometimes greatly produced, gradually acuminate and anteriorly porrect; meso-metasternal suture obliterated; body with rather thicker and more metallic integuments than the American species of Anomala. North and South America. [Type Melo- lontha marginata Fabr.] Spilota 6 — Clypeus normal, broadly trapeziform, rounded or anteriorly dilated. 7 Clypeus narrowed and reflexed anteriorly, rhiniform 1 1 7 — Hind tibiae constricted apically or surate as in Anomala; body oval, convex, pubescent throughout; clypeus broadly rounded, not narrowed basally; mesosternum broadened and feebly convex be- tween the coxae but not tuberculiform. Mexico. [Type Anomala villosella Blanch.] . *Lamoana 4 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Hind tibiae not constricted apically 8 8 — Humeral callus of the elytra strongly denned and well exposed by the narrower prothorax, the hind body generally rather tapering from the base; clypeus flat, transversely trapezoidal; mesosternum tuber- culate between the coxae; hind tibiae rather long, only feebly broaden- ing from the base. North and South America 9 Humeral callus more diffuse and less exposed basally, the hind body shorter and quadrate; mesosternum narrow and not tumid between the coxae 10 9 — Elytra with numerous deep subequal sulciform striae; body moderate in size. [Type 5. sulcipennis Burm.] Strigoderma Elytra with few feebler, less defined and less regular striae; body very small in size. [Type Melolontha pygmcea Fabr.]. . . Strigodermella no — Hind tibiae very short and stout, strongly obconic in form; clypeus as in the preceding, flat and trapezoidal; prothorax distinctly nar- rower than the elytra, the latter rather feebly and somewhat irregu- larly striate. Texas and adjoining parts of Mexico. [Type A. par- viceps n. sp.] Alamona -Hind tibiae of normal length, subparallel, sometimes much stouter in the male than in the female; clypeus short, more or less concave, roundly dilated at the sides; prothorax large, not notably narrower than the •elytra, the latter strongly and somewhat unevenly punctato-striate as in many sections of Anomala. Mexico and Central America. [Type Anomala (Phyllopertha) mexicana Burm.]. . . . *Epectinaspis II — Body elongate-oval as in Lamoana, shining, partially metallic, glabrous above, coarsely pubescent beneath, the prothorax large, convex, the elytra short, quadrate, with scarcely impressed rows of rather coarse punctures; mesosternum tumid between the coxae; hind tibiae elongate, flattened and subparallel. Mexico. [Type C. metallescens Blanch.] *Callirhinus Anomala villosella Bl. is a difficult species to deal with taxonom- ically. It was assigned to Anomala by Bates, although the ascend- ing mesosternal epimeron was recognized and in reality it is here as marked a feature as in Strigoderma; this structure is not by any means so evident in the species associated with villosella by Mr. Bates. I think, viewing the subject from all sides, that villosella should therefore form the type of a separate genus as defined above. Phyllopertha Steph. is omitted from present consideration; the type is palaearctic and no American allied forms are at hand; probably no American species belongs to the genus, strictly speaking, — not even excepting the Mexican Phyllopertha tolucana of Bates. The grouping of the Mexican Anomala species adopted by Bates might lead one to suppose that group 2 was in fact intermediate between Spilota and the normal type of Anomala, but I do not find this to be the case. The mesosternum in cincta is truly broader R.UTELINJE 5 between the coxae than in the inconstans type and with the surface somewhat more convex, but it does not have a trace of the peculiar tumidity and amalgamation with the metasternum seen in Spilota, and cupricottis, included under group 2 by Mr. Bates, is truly a Spilota and in no way allied to cincta in the structure of the mesosternum. With a moderate series of the Mexican species at hand, I can therefore find no evidence that Spilota is not a valid genus. The following work relates primarily to the species of America and Canada, but the opportunity is taken to make known a few Mexican and Central American species, believed to be new; these, as usual, will be indicated by the prefixed asterisk. Rhombonalia n. gen. The small narrow ligula, with narrowly arcuato-truncate apex and small, transverse, scarcely at all impressed labrum, in connec- tion with the very obtusely rounded anterior thoracic angles, narrowly subparallel form of the body, generally feebly sculptured elytra and simple tarsal claws, indicate a true genus, not very closely allied to Anomala, that is, at any rate, to the American species of Anomala, which, as a group, Ohaus shows are rather radically different from the European in the structure of the male sexual characters and they also differ in habitus to some extent. The clypeus also differs markedly from that of Anomala, being much narrower and more elongate, with the apex gradually much reflexed, the surface sloping downward from the plane of the front, from which it is separated by a tumid transverse suture in all the normal species. Anomala camancha Wick., having an impressed clypeal suture and transverse clypeal apex, with stronger elytral sculpture, is doubtfully a member of the genus, though having simple tarsal claws; the author does not describe the mouth-parts or the form of the thoracic angles. It is said by Schaeffer that the Mexican carinifrons of Bates, which is truly a member of the genus, occurs in Arizona; I have not seen it but transcribe the origi- nal description below. The species are as follows: Clypeal suture feebly cariniform, the plane of the clypeus slightly de- clining 2 Clypeal suture impressed, straight, not at all cariniform 6 2 — Sides of the prothorax parallel or converging toward base, the basal angles very obtuse 3 6 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Sides slightly diverging posteriorly, the hind angles somewhat everted. 5 3 — Integuments alutaceous in lustre. Color pale yellowish-brown throughout the body, legs and antennae, moderately stout, subcylin- dric; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, the eyes large and prominent, separated by scarcely twice their width; front densely but rather finely punctate-scabrous; clypeus but little wider than long, rounded, the sides straight and parallel, the surface concave, shining, finely, rather sparsely punctate; antennal club long, ex- ceeding all the other joints combined; prothorax but little narrower than the elytra, four-fifths wider than long, the sides parallel and nearly straight basally viewed vertically, converging viewed ob- liquely, rounded anteriorly, the apex scarcely at all sinuate, the base broadly lobed medially, with strong entire bead; surface everywhere rather finely, feebly, sparsely punctate; scutellum sparsely punctu- late; elytra a fifth longer than wide, parallel, rapidly obtuse at tip, the striae deeply impressed, finely, obsoletely punctate, more strongly laterad, the intervals convex, minutely, remotely punctulate, the second flatter, with a very irregular line of distinct punctures, ob- solete posteriorly; pygidium finely, obsoletely and remotely punc- tulate; hind tibiae stout, feebly surate, as long as the femora, a little shorter than the tarsi; middle coxae only very narrowly separated as usual in the genus. Length (cf) 10.5-11.5 mm.; width 5.5-6.0 mm. Texas. [Anomala cavifrons Lee.] cavifrons Lee. Integuments shining 4 4 — Body nearly as in the preceding but smaller, narrower and less convex, still paler brownish-flavate throughout; eyes, clypeus and antennae nearly similar, except that the clypeus is flat, the apex less broadly reflexed; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides more rounded, evidently converging basally viewed from above, the basal lobe stronger, the margin similarly beaded, the apex truncate; surface similarly convex, finely and sparsely punctate; scutellum narrower; elytra a fourth longer than wide, similar in general form and sculpture; pygidium less sparsely punctulate; hind tibiae dis- tinctly more slender, much shorter than the tarsi, which are less stout than in cavifrons; coarse sparse hairs of the sterna similar; anterior tibiae with a single external tooth as usual, the tarsi slender. Length (cf ) 9.3-9.7 mm.; width 4.6-4.7 mm. Kansas (Trego and Rooks Cos.) comes n. sp. Body somewhat as in cavifrons but a little larger and with notably more elongate elytra; surface very convex, strongly shining, pale and very uniform luteo-flavate throughout, the legs concolorous; head nearly as in cavifrons but rather more coarsely punctato-rugose, the clypeus similarly declivous from the acutely prominent suture but more transverse, being about one-half wider than long, the strongly con- cave and reflexed margins almost sculptureless; eyes smaller, being separated by two and one-half times their width; antennal club similarly long; prothorax smaller, distinctly less than twice as wide as long, rather more narrowed anteriorly, otherwise similar, except that the surface is strongly shining and with the sparse punctures larger, deeper and much more distinct, becoming smaller and closer about the brownish lateral spot; scutellum much smaller than in cavifrons; elytra nearly a third longer than wide, otherwise as in cavifrons but very shining, the broadly and moderately impressed striae still more obsoletely and very vaguely punctate; pygidium sparsely, feebly and very indefinitely sculptured, convex and shining; hind femora more slender. Length (cf) 11.2 mm.; width 6.0 mm. Arizona (San Bernardino Ranch, Cochise Co.). — Smyth. Com- municated by Mr. Knaus dochiseana n. sp. Body relatively much shorter and broader than in any of the preceding, pale testaceo-flavate throughout, shining; head and concave clypeus nearly as in cavifrons, the sculpture a little stronger; eyes not quite so large or prominent; antennal club in the type evidently longer than the entire stem; prothorax much shorter and more transverse, fully twice as wide as long, the sides rounded, distinctly converging basally viewed from above, the basal angles very obtuse and rounded; basal bead strong and entire, the lobe moderate, the apex subtruncate; surface convex, finely, sparsely punctate, a little more closely and strongly laterad; scutellum finely, feebly and remotely punctulate; elytra evidently wider than the prothorax, barely visibly longer than wide, the nine or ten striae deeply im- pressed, the punctures obsolete except toward the sides, where they are moderately developed, as also in the confused line along the middle of the flatter second interval; intervals impunctate; pygidium finely, very feebly and remotely punctulate, the punctures minutely and transversely sublineiform; legs and under surface nearly as in cavifrons. Length (cf ) 10.0 mm.; width 5.7 mm. Texas. transversa n. sp. Body oblong-ovate, wholly flavo-testaceous, shining; head very densely punctato-scabrous, the vertex smoother; clypeus deflexed, rather narrowly subquadrate, the anterior angles obtuse, the margin greatly reflexed, the frontal suture cariniform; prothorax short, widest a little before the middle, the sides broadly rounded, the basal margin entire; surface moderately densely and strongly punctate; elytra more strongly sculptured than in cavifrons, with ten punc- tured striae, 1-7 of which are deeply, and the 3 lateral slightly, impressed; three costaa slightly convex; second interval rather wider, with the basal half confusedly, subbiseriately punctate; pygidium convex, shining, sparsely punctate; mesosternum rather narrow, declivous and flat; tarsal claws and antennae nearly as in cavifrons. Length 13 mm. Mexico (Chihuahua City). [Anomala carinifrons Bates] *carinifrons Bates 5 — Similar to cavifrons but distinguishable by the punctured elytral intervals and form of the prothorax, yellowish-testaceous, the coloration and lustre as in camancha but somewhat more shining; clypeus nearly as in cavifrons, the suture carinate; prothorax with the sides slightly diverging posteriorly, the hind angles somewhat everted; punctures rather fine and sparse; elytral striae evidently punctured, the punctures of the intervals apparently distinct but less evident than in camancha, the second interval with an irregular 8 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA single series of punctures; pygidium finely and very sparsely punc- tate; tarsal claws as usual. Length 12.3 mm. Texas (El Paso). [Anomala apacheana Wick.] apacheana Wick. 6 — Body unusually large in size, with the integuments subopaque, parallel in form, yellowish-testaceous, the head, tibiae and tarsi darker; reflexed edge of the clypeus, thoracic bead, outer edge of the anterior tibiae and posterior tibial ridges more or less blackish; head of the usual size, the front coarsely, densely but not deeply punctate, the vertex smoother; clypeus punctured like the front but less strongly, the front edge nearly straight, the angles broadly and evenly rounded, the sides subparallel, the margin rather strongly reflexed, the suture deeply impressed and nearly straight; antennal club about equal in length to the entire stem; prothorax punctured finely and rather sparsely, somewhat more closely toward the sides, with the usual sublateral foveiform irregularity, the basal bead entire, the lobe slightly sinuate medially; sides converging basally, the angles obtuse as usual; scutellum punctured like the pronotum; elytra a little more shining than the pronotum, rather strongly striate, the striae punc- tured feebly, rather more strongly near the base and laterad, the intervals alternating in width and convexity, the broader and less convex intervals rather sharply, uniserially punctate, the second with a confused double series of punctures; lateral intervals not punctate; pygidial sculpture fine and rugulose; sterna hairy; mesosternum, legs, tibiae and tarsal claws nearly as in cavifrons. Length 13.5- 16.5 mm. New Mexico (Capitan Mt.). [Anomala camancha Wick.] camancha WTick. The constancy of the feeble carination of the clypeal suture and uniform pallid coloration of the legs, as well as the entire body and head, in the typical members of this genus, renders the generic reference of camancha decidedly doubtful, particularly as the clypeus, the peculiar form of which is very significant in the present genus, seems to diverge quite obviously from the cavifrons type. The resemblance of the species to certain forms of Cyclocephala is noted by the author. All the specimens of this genus that I have seen are apparently of one sex, probably male; the female must be rather rare in collections. No allusion to the female is made by Mr. Bates in describing carinifrons. The inner or thicker claw of the anterior tarsi is feebly arcuate, gradually acutely pointed and, near the abruptly, deeply constricted base, is angularly subprominent beneath. Anomalepta n. gen. In this genus, which is evidently allied rather closely to the preceding, the body is very small in size and the integuments RUTELIN.E 9 peculiarly thin and pallid. The ligula has the same narrow form as in Rhombonalia, and the labrum is small but is more distinctly medially sinuate, the reflexed clypeus adjoining it above much more abbreviated and, though deeply concave, has a radically different form, being briefly trapezoidal. The middle coxae are very narrowly separated, the anterior tibiae bidentate, the corre- sponding tarsi slender, without the distinct tooth on the under surface of the claw joint seen in the preceding genus, but with nearly similar claws, except that they are relatively still smaller, the inner claw feebly arcuate, not very thick, constricted at base, the under edge behind the middle arcuately and feebly swollen; they are similar in the sexes and indeed the only sexual difference that I can observe, in any part of the body, is in the antennal club; this is shorter and more oval than in Rhombonalia and in the male is evidently longer than the six joints of the stem combined, while in the female it is a trifle shorter than the latter; the second joint is globular and thicker than the succeeding joints, which are slender; the hind tibiae are slender, scarcely at all surate and much shorter than the tarsi. There are two distinctly defined species at hand, which may be described as follows: Body oblong, parallel, moderately convex, shining, pale flavo-testaceous, the head black; clypeus more piceous, the pronotum with a large piceous area medially and biramose at base, the lateral irregular spot blackish; head rather small, though half as wide as the prothorax, the front finely punctato-rugulose medially, the clypeus deeply con- cave, very shining and sparsely punctulate, its entire external peri- phery strongly and subequally reflexed; eyes small, widely separated; antennae pale; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides parallel, feebly arcuate, rounding anteriorly, the apex sinuate; base broadly lobed, with extremely fine but entire bead, the angles right and not rounded but not at all prominent; surface minutely and remotely punctate throughout; scutellum rather narrow, remotely punctulate; elytra about a third longer than wide, parallel, obtusely rounded in less than apical third, the striae fine, very feebly impressed, finely and very obsoletely punctulate, the intervals -flat, 3-5-7 slightly convex, 2-4-6 with scattered feeble punctures; pygidium convex, rather strongly but sparsely punctate; sterna picescent, finely, closely punctate and with rather abundant long pale hair; legs slender. Length (cf 9 ) 6.0-6.2 mm.; width 3.4 mm. Florida (Tampa), — Schwarz. [Anomala semilivida Lee.]. . .semilivida Lee. Body shorter, more broadly oval, similar in coloration and lustre, except that the clypeus is almost entirely pale yellow and the thoracic piceous area attains the lateral parts of the base and basal angles; io MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA head still smaller, much less than half as wide as the prothorax, the front more flattened and densely and more finely punctulato- rugulose; clypeus not so shining and with somewhat less strongly reflexed margins; eyes small, moderately convex; prothorax fully twice as wide as long, the sides more rounded, more strongly con- verging in almost apical half, the base rather more narrowly and strongly lobed, similarly beaded, the angles much more than right and blunter; surface similar, the small lateral fovea more distinct, deep; scutellum broader; elytra much shorter and of very different outline, not longer than wide, evenly rounded behind from the middle, the striae finer and more sharply defined but still less punctate, the intervals all nearly flat, the punctures of the alternate ones almost completely obsolete, the second with a fine irregular line of punctu- lation along the middle, the punctures not broadly scattered as in semilivida; pygidium wider and not so convex, evidently though sparsely punctured; under surface and legs nearly similar, the metasternum rather shorter. Length (cf ) 6.6 mm.; width 3.7 mm. Florida (the locality unrecorded) flaccida n. sp. Species of this genus may possibly occur in Cuba, but there is no evidence at hand. Anomalacra n. gen. This name is proposed for a very distinct modification of the Anomala type, occurring in northern Mexico. The body is anteri- orly attenuated to a marked degree, being, at the posterior part of the elytra, nearly twice as wide as at the middle of the prothorax. The clypeus is broadly and moderately reflexed apically but scarcely at all at the sides, and at the middle of the apical margin there is a small feeble sinus. The ligula is large, fully twice as wide as long, with the apex broadly, angularly emarginate. The labrum is also peculiar, being very thin along the exposed edge, with a feeble slender transverse indentation at the middle, principally on the obliquely inflexed surface. The middle coxae are narrowly sepa- rated, the mesosternum not modified. The anterior tarsi are very slender, with the basal joint much longer than the next two com- bined in the unique and apparently female type, the claw-joint feebly denticulate beneath and the claws long and slender, the thicker with the upper lobe of the apex so much longer than the lower that the latter, which is short, stout and obliquely pointed, is really a tooth situated at outer third of the lower edge of the claw; the tooth of the larger claw of the middle tarsi is very fine and still nearer the tip. The hind tibise are slender, feebly surate and closely, RUTELIN/E 1 1 finely punctate throughout their extent; the hind tarsi are slender, slightly longer than the tibiae and the surfaces of the joints are also punctate. The type may be described as follows: Body strongly cuneiform, convex, shining, testaceo-rufous, the elytra more flavate, with a broad common sutural vitta of pale piceous and not quite attaining the apex, glabrous above, the sterna and middle femora with abundant long coarse yellow hairs; head rather small, not quite half as wide as the prothorax, finely, closely punctate throughout as on the clypeus, the occiput smoother, the suture rather fine but impressed; clypeus transverse, large, three-fourths wider than long, the sides nearly straight, feebly converging from the base to the broadly rounded angles; eyes moderate, not very convex; antennae of the usual structure, the club in the type distinctly shorter than the stem; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides parallel and nearly straight in basal, converging and almost straight in apical, half; the angle rounded; apex sinuate, the angles prominent; base broadly lobed, with fine entire bead, the angles slightly obtuse and rather broadly rounded; surface minutely but distinctly, evenly and rather closely punctate throughout; scutellum well developed, punctured like the pronotum; elytra fully two-fifths longer than wide, dilated posteriorly, broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, the striae broadly and very feebly impressed, the intervals flat, two of them feebly convex, the surface between the two feeble convexities with three fine irregular series of very small feeble punctures, the punctures of the lateral series very fine but evident, of the others fine and rather uneven; second interval moderately wide and with confused scattered fine punctures; basal parts confusedly and finely punctured throughout, with all striae effaced; pygidium convex, with moderately small and distinct though shallow close-set punctures. Length (9 ) n.o mm.; width 5.8 mm. Mexico (Colonia Garcia, Sierra Madre Mts., Chihuahua), — Towns- end *cuneata n. sp. I do not recognize any species mentioned by Bates that can be considered allied to this ; the sinuation of the clypeal apex, although slight, is real and not accidental and is one of its conspicuous external features. Anomala Samouelle. This is an enormous and unwieldy cosmopolitan complex of species, which might be divided generically, even if on somewhat arbitrary lines, for the sake of convenience. The authorship of the name seems to be in some doubt and I have adopted the deter- mination of Bates. The body is of very varied form, coloration, lustre and thickness of the integuments and the American species, 12 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA as a whole, differ markedly from the European in habitus, so that a separate subgeneric designation would seem to be appropriate, more especially as this divergence in facies is supplemented by a rather radical difference in male sexual characters as shown by Ohaus. I would suggest the following subgeneric grouping of the North American species: Hind tibiae never notably shorter than the femora, always obtusely and more or less feebly constricted near the apex, — that is, surate. . . .2 Hind tibiae notably shorter than the femora, dilated apically, obconical in form 3 2 — Hind tarsi as long as the tibiae to somewhat longer; anterior tibiae always dentate on the external edge; body small to moderate in size Group I Hind tarsi very much longer than the tibiae, the anterior tibiae without trace of external tooth; body extremely small in size Group II 3 — Anterior tibiae dentate externally; labrum very short; ligula narrower than in the two preceding groups and entire at apex; antennal club (cf ) notably long Group III Taxonomically this grouping is rather unsatisfactory, by reason of the very unequal extent of the several sections, the second being known at present by only one species and the third by two or three. I have not given any systematic weight to the various developments of the larger claw of the anterior tarsi, first because the form of this claw is subject frequently to marked sexual modification and secondly because it is not accompanied by any evident difference in the general habitus, which is nearly always an indication of true generic or subgeneric validity. The upper surface of the body is always glabrous as in Spilota and the other normal Anomalids. Group I. Subgenus Paranomala nov. This subgenus includes nearly all the American species at present listed under the name Anomala, excepting those assignable to Spilota. The body is oblong, frequently dilated posteriorly, often becoming very narrow and parallel as in parvula, and the integu- ments are more or less thin and almost invariably devoid of the metallic lustre which is so generally developed in Spilota and the European Anomala; this metallic lustre is sometimes visible, however, in comparatively slight degree, on the head and pronotum, as in cincta Say, but never, so far as observed, on the elytra. Para- nomala may be divided into several sections as follows: RUTELIN^E 13 Pygidium less convex to nearly flat, subopaque, with dense wavy rugu- losity; upper ramus of the large inner claw of the anterior tarsi (cf ) very much finer and always shorter than the lower, or (9), nearly equal to the lower ramus and often extending beyond it; body stout, oblong-suboval and convex, with moderately thick integuments; pronotum always uniformly black or piceous in color throughout. Section A Pygidium notably convex, shining, with short and transversely arcuate scratches, which sometimes become deep or contracted and then more or less punctiform 2 2 — Larger of the anterior claws simple in both sexes, unusually small in size, never cleft; body of small size, the clypeus rather more deeply concave than usual. Atlantic regions Section B Larger of the anterior claws cleft in both sexes as usual 3 3 — Pronotum with a single dark spot or larger area, which occasionally covers the entire disk, or with the entire pronotum invariably uniform in color; larger of the anterior tarsal claws more symmetri- cally split in both sexes than in section A, the cleft always smaller in the female Section C Pronotum constantly pale, with two discal spots arranged transversely; body of more slender and subparallel form than in any of the other sections of the subgenus; male tarsal claws somewhat as in section A. Section D These sections are of very unequal extent and C is somewhat heterogeneous in habitus. Section A (binotata). The species are rather numerous and are abundant in Mexico. As a rule, the sculpture of the elytra consists of more or less uneven lines of longitudinally geminated or irregularly spaced piceous or blackish punctures, which peculiarity appears in none other of the above sections so far as noted. The Mexican hoegei of Ohaus, would fall in this section by the above table but really forms a separate section because of a radically different system of elytral sculpture; here the series of punctures are not or at best scarcely at all impressed, while in hoegei they are very regularly and deeply sulciform, somewhat as in Strigoderma; the mesosternal epimera, however, do not seem to simulate in any way closely the ascending form assumed in the Strigodermids. The species at hand may be known by the following characters: Elytral punctures unevenly spaced in the series 2 Elytral punctures evenly spaced and close-set in the series. Central America 9 14 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA 2 — Larger species, in the neighborhood of 10 mm. in length 3 Smaller species, about 7 or 8 mm. in length; basal bead of the prothorax always strong and equal throughout the width; elytral punctures strong, more or less coalescent in short lines, the series more close-set, the second interval broad and confusedly punctate 6 3 — Hind tibiae surate but more slender, between three and four times as long as wide in both sexes 4 Hind tibiae stouter and strongly surate, scarcely three times as long as wide 5 4 — Form rather short, stout and convex, evidently broader posteriorly, black above and beneath, the head and pronotum with feeble metallic lustre, the elytra pale brownish-flavate, irregularly black toward the sides, along the apex and in an inner larger and outer smaller discal spot just before the middle, the convex sutural interval also blackish, as are all the punctures; head very densely punctato-rugose, the clypeus flat, with the edges rather finely and subequally reflexed, trapezoidal, with rounded angles, not quite twice as wide as long; antennal club (cf) a little longer, or ( 9 ) slightly shorter, than the entire stem; prothorax trapezoidal, widest at base, especially in the male, the angulation before the middle broadly rounded; apex sinuate, with prominent but blunt angles; base strongly lobed medially, with entire strong beading, the angles rounded; surface very finely, sparsely punctate, more strongly and closely near the sides and basal angles; scutellum sparsely punctured; elytra not or but little longer than wide, the series of very moderate punctures not or scarcely impressed, the second interval confusedly punctate; sterna and hind coxae with rather dense, long and silky gray hair. In the male the entire body, legs and elytra are occasion- ally intense black throughout. Length (cf 9 ) 9.8-11.8 mm., width 5.3-6.4 mm. New York and Virginia, westward to Kansas. [Melolontha unifasciata Say; Anomala marginella Lee.] binotata Gyll. Form narrower, more elongate and still more cuneiform, similar in color and lustre to the preceding but with the darker parts rather more piceous-black and the elytra of a clearer and paler brownish-flavate throughout, the suture and side margin very narrowly piceous, and there is generally only a feeble trace of the inner of the two spots of the preceding species; head similar but with the clypeus more parallel basally and with a more distinct cluster of coarse punctures at the middle of the front; prothorax nearly similar but with the fine sparse punctures usually less distinctly denser laterally and with the basal bead completely obliterated at the middle; elytra much longer, about a fourth longer than wide, rather less (9), the unimpressed series similarly disposed but with the punctures still finer and less dark in tint; legs dark rufous; sterna with abundant long hair. Female much stouter than the male, to a degree not observable in binotata. Male with the outer fine ramus of the larger anterior claw extending somewhat further toward the tip of the lower lobe than in binotata, the claw itself not quite so stout. Length (d71) 10.3-11.3, R.UTELIN,£ 15 (9) ii. o mm.; width (c?) 5-7-6-3, (9) ~.o mm. Arizona. [.4. luteipennis Horn, Csy. nee Lee., olim] ellipsis n. sp. 5 — Body nearly as in binotata but not quite so inflated posteriorly, the pale elytra with less of the suffused blackish coloration, the suture and side margin usually pale, the only distinct discal maculation being a black spot before the middle near inner third; head nearly as in binotata but rufescent and with the sides of the clypeus more parallel basally; prothorax similar in form but with the punctures notably larger throughout, well separated, decidedly coarse and denser laterally; basal bead narrowly subinterrupted medially; elytra a little longer than wide, with similar unimpressed series of irregularly spaced punctures, the latter, however, very much coarser and distinctly umbilicated. Male with the outer ramus of the larger anterior claw much coarser and longer than in binotata though distinctly shorter than the lower lobe; female as usual, having this claw more equally split. Length (cf 9) 9.7-10.4 mm.; width 6.0 mm. Mexico *irrorata Blanch. Body (cT) nearly as in binotata but larger and much stouter, the pale elytra more suffused with black, this extending nearly through apical half, except a medial prolongation of the anterior pale area posteriorly on each elytron ; lateral of the two spots united with the large humeral black area; legs black, with feeble violaceous lustre; head, clypeus and antennae nearly similar, the prothorax similar in general form, lustre and sculpture but larger and with the basal bead narrowly subin- terrupted medially; elytra similar in sculpture but much more in- flated; abundant hairs of the sterna still longer and coarser. Male with the outer ramus of the larger anterior claw longer, not so thin and extending further toward the end of the lower than in binotata; hind tibiae not only much stouter but more strongly sculptured, the tarsi stouter. Length (cf) 10.8 mm.; width 6.7 mm. Louisiana. compacta n. sp. 6 — Body very stout and convex in form, evidently inflated posteriorly; scutellum very broadly margined 7 Body more oblong-suboval, less convex and barely at all inflated poste- riorly, the flat sculptureless margin of the scutellum much narrower and less definite 8 7 — Form oblong-suboval, widest behind, very shining, piceous-black, the abdomen in great part paler, the legs blackish; head rather small, not quite half as wide as the prothorax, densely punctato-rugulose, the occiput — extending forward broadly at the sides — finely, sparsely punctate; clypeus flat, with rather strongly reflexed edges, not quite twice as wide as long, with rounded angles, the sides but feebly diverging toward base; eyes very moderate; antennal club (cf) longer, or ( 9 ) shorter, than the stem; prothorax widest at base, the sides feebly converging to about the middle, then more strongly to the apex, which is sinuate, with the angles about right; base lobed medially, with slightly obtuse and narrowly rounded angles; surface convex, not very finely, somewhat irregularly and sparsely punctate, not differently toward the sides; scutellum sparsely punctate; elytra in great part piceous-black, becoming nubilously pallid medially 1 6 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA toward base, to pallid and faintly, irregularly and nubilously darker at various parts of the suface, the punctures of the widely and ir- regularly separated, feebly impressed series coarse and dark-tinted, coarser and more confused toward the sides; pygidium opaque, with short sparse pale hairs; under surface with stiff and moderately long, not very close but conspicuous coarse yellowish hair. Male with the anterior claws very small, the stouter with the upper ramus very fine and short; female with the same claw very finely and minutely, almost symmetrically cleft at tip. Length (ef 9 ) 7.7-8.3 mm.; width 4.65-4.9 mm. New Jersey (Atlantic City). Rather abundant umbra n. sp. Form nearly similar but not quite so stout, very shining, black or piceous- black, the legs rufescent, the elytra pale toward the scutellum; head nearly as in the preceding, except that the clypeus is smaller, shorter, more rounded, with the sides widely flaring toward base and the surface more concave, with much more widely reflexed margins, its general outline almost evenly transversely elliptical; prothorax nearly as in umbra, three-fourths wider than long, the sculpture simi- lar but the sides are more evenly rounded and converge to the more acutely defined apical angles from behind the middle; elytra as in the preceding but a little narrower, a fifth longer than wide, the sculpture nearly similar but more evenly lineato-punctate near the sides and with the broadly confused punctures of the second interval closer and less coarse; subapical umbo similarly pronounced; under surface and legs nearly similar, the anterior tarsi (cf) very slender, the basal joint as long as the next two, the fifth as long as the preced- ing three, distinctly dentate beneath. Length (cf ) 8.0 mm.; width 4.55 mm. Florida (Jacksonville) servilis n. sp. 8 — Clypeus trapezoidal, the sides diverging toward base. Body elongate, suboval, moderately convex and shining, rufo-piceous throughout the body and legs, the elytra paler, brownish-flavate, confusedly and feebly mottled with a darker brownish tint, the rather coarse and deeply impressed punctures also darker, the disk sometimes dark only toward the sides; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, densely punctato-rugose, the clypeus about twice as wide as long, the apex feebly arcuate, merging gradually into the broadly rounded angles, the surface nearly flat, with strongly reflexed edges; eyes very moderate; antennal club (c?) scarcely longer than the stem; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides broadly rounded, gradually converging anteriorly, slightly converging posteriorly also near the base, which is broadly lobed medially, the angles very ob- tuse, rounded; apex sinuate, with moderately prominent right angles; surface convex, somewhat uneven, rather strongly and irregularly, moderately closely punctate throughout; scutellum strongly punc- tate, a spot at the centre sometimes smooth; elytra a fifth or sixth longer than wide, obtusely and evenly rounded behind in apical two-fifths, the series not much impressed, with three moderately prominent convex intervals on each, the series bounding the inner- most, which is even more strongly defined toward apex, composed of more close-set and even punctures, the broad flat second interval RUTELIN^: 17 confusedly and closely punctate and rugulose; sterna rather finely, closely punctate, the hind coxae much more coarsely and sparsely, both with rather abundant coarse yellowish hair. Male with the upper ramus of the larger claw of the anterior tarsi extremely small and fine, situated but little beyond the middle of the claw, the an- terior tarsi shorter than in the two preceding species, the fifth joint rather shorter than the three preceding combined, dentate beneath. Length (cf 9 ) 6.7-8.8 mm.; width 3.8-4.9 mm. Louisiana (Vowell1- Mill — the type locality), Kansas, Indiana and Florida. [A. pubess cens Blatchley] ludoviciana Schf. 9 — Form elongate-oval, strongly convex and shining, not inflated pos- teriorly, black above and beneath, the head, pronotum, scutellum and sutural interval of the elytra with strong, the under surface with feeble, greenish-metallic lustre; elytra uniform pale brown, with feeble greenish lustre at the extreme base, the sutural interval and side margins basally blackish-metallic; head evenly convex, rather finely, densely and very closely punctured throughout, feebly rugulose, the eyes moderate; clypeus broad and short, two and one- half times as wide as long, broadly arcuate at apex, with rounded angles, the sides becoming parallel at base, the edges well reflexed, except at the sides basally; antennal club (9) much shorter than the stem; prothorax fully three-fourths wider than long, widest at base, the sides thence feebly converging and straight to the middle, there rounded, then more converging and straight to the moderately prominent thoughfbluntly rounded apical angles, the basal slightly obtuse and rounded; base strongly and gradually lobed medially, the bead subobsolete at the middle; punctures even, rather widely separated, small but strong, a little closer and stronger laterally, the sublateral fovea coarse and very deep in the type; scutellum finely, sparsely punctate; elytra a fourth longer than wide, obtusely- rounded at apex, the surface with rather even, close-set, unimpressed series of relatively small punctures, becoming a little larger but not confused laterally, the second interval very wide, confusedly and rather sparsely punctate throughout; middle coxae slightly separated, the upper limit of the mesosternal process polished; hind legs very stout, the tibiae strongly surate, very thick and shorter than the femora, the tarsi stout: anterior and middle tarsi with the larger claw subsymmetrically split at apex; anterior tibiae with a single external tooth and apical process. Length (9) 15.0 mm.: width 8.4 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) . . . . *crassisura n. sp. Form nearly similar but with the elytra slightly inflated at the middle; coloration nearly similar, the lustre more coppery, the legs with viridi-cupreous lustre; elytra paler, brownish-flavate; head and prothorax almost similar throughout in form and sculpture, except that the clypeus is much less transverse, being only a little more than twice as wide as long, the eyes sensibly larger and the basal thoracic bead distinctly defined throughout; scutellum rather shorter, finely, sparsely punctate, cuprascent ; elytra scarcely a fifth longer than wide, as in crassisura and with similar dark suture and external edges T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. iS MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA basally but with the punctured series less approximate and the flat dark sutural interval has the minute punctulation stronger and very much closer; under surface and legs nearly similar, the metasternum more sparsely and evenly punctate medially; sternal pubescence similarly rather long and dense, except medially, the hind coxae about as long as the metasternum and more coarsely and sparsely punctate than the latter. Length (9) 13.8 mm.; width 7.7 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) *simulans n. sp. Form more narrowly oval, less convex, much smaller in size, shining, dark rufous, the sterna slightly, the upper surface except the elytra much, darker, blackish, with greenish-metallic lustre; legs rufous; elytra pale brownish-flavate, the suture and external edge basally pale brown; head closely, rather strongly punctate, more finely and sparsely basally and densely subscabrous at the middle of the front and on the clypeus, which is rather more than twice as wide as long, broadly arcuate at apex, with broadly rounded angles, the sides becoming parallel only at the extreme base; edges rather strongly and rapidly reflexed, the flexure becoming obsolete at the sides only at base; eyes moderate; antennal club (cf ) as long as the stem; prothorax in outline as in the preceding species, widest at base; surface finely but strongly, sparsely punctate, less finely and more closely toward the sides, the sublateral pit strong; basal bead entire and well defined throughout; scutellum finely, sparsely punctate; elytra a fifth longer than wide, feebly inflated about the middle, very obtusely rounded at tip, having regular and feebly impressed J series of rather coarse deep punctures, becoming close-set and subconfused toward the sides, the second interval broad, with strong confused punctures, the narrow third interval feebly convex, more prominent posteriorly, where its bounding series become deeply impressed; minute sparse punctules of the sutural interval not differing from those of the rest of the surface; sterna black, feebly metallic, the middle coxae rather narrowly separated, the tip of the mesosternal surface more pallid and shining but not tumid; metasternum strongly, densely punctate, the hind coxae coarsely and sparsely, the pubescence moderate; hind tibiae moderately thick, surate. Male with the larger claw of the anterior tarsi not very thick, its upper ramus long, thin, aciculate, not extending quite as far as the tip of the lower ramus. Length (o71) 9-5 mm.; width 5.5 mm. Isthmus of Panama (Colon), — -Beau- mont *colonica n. sp. The difference in stoutness and in the extent of posterior dilata- tion between the males and females of ellipsis is hot observable in binotata, and the former, which has been regarded heretofore as a variety of binotata and mistaken by Horn, and, following him by myself, for luteipennis Lee., is really well defined and not closely related to binotata. The small umbra and servilis are of a different type from ludoviciana and it is singular that timbra, of which a good series, taken at Atlantic City, was included in a collection of RUTELIISLE 19 Scarabaeidae which I received from Mr. John Sherman, Jr., has not been alluded to by Horn or Schaeffer. Mr. Blatchley very kindly sent me a typical example of his pubescens for examination and the species proves to be identical with ludoviciana. The three Central American forms described above belong without much doubt in the vicinity of cnethopyga Bates, but none of them seems to bear more than a general resemblance to that species; there are doubtless a considerable number of Central American species of that type. Section B (minuta). The upper ramus of the larger claw of the anterior male tarsi, which becomes extremely short, fine and aciculate in the ludoviciana type of the preceding section, is here wholly extinct. Burmeister states under his description of minuta that it is "kaum sichtbar," but as can be demonstrated under ample magnification, there is really no trace of it, and the language of Burmeister was doubtless employed because of a hesitation to believe that the species could possess a character usually considered of generic value, in view of its perfectly harmonious facies in the general American series of Anomala. Minuta was confounded with innuba by our earlier authors, but its identity was finally determined by Ohaus. There are two species of this group before me as follows: Form stout, convex, broader posteriorly, shining, rufo-piceous, the sides of the pronotum and base broadly, sometimes reduced to a small transverse median dash, yellow, the elytra blackish-piceous, darker at the humeral callus and becoming nubilously pallid broadly on the disk of each basally and at apex, glabrous above but having sparse short hairs on the sterna; head fully half as wide as the pro- thorax, the front finely, sparsely punctate, with a denser cluster medially, the clypeus short, transverse, broadly arcuate at apex, the sides feebly diverging basally, the angles broadly rounded, the surface flat, with strongly reflexed edges throughout, sparsely punc- tate, shining; eyes small; antennae pale, the club slightly less so; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides parallel, feebly arcuate, rounding in almost apical half, the apex sinuate, with promi- nent angles; base broadly lobed, with strong entire bead, the angles obtuse, evidently rounded; surface finely but distinctly, sparsely punctate throughout; scutellum sparsely punctate; elytra a fifth or sixth longer than wide, slightly inflated behind, broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, the series of moderate punctures barely at all impressed, rather distinctly so and with coarser punctures laterad; intervals but feebly convex, the alternate ones scarcely more so, the 2O MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA second broad, with broadly confused deep punctures; fourth and sixth each with a single series of smaller punctures; pygidium with rather close-set and distinct arcuato-lineate punctures. Length (cf 9 ) 6.7-7.3 mm.; width 3.8-4.0 mm. North Carolina (Southern Pines), — Manee. Abundant. [Anomala minuta Burm.]. minuta Burm. Form narrower and less convex than in minuta, shining, the type black throughout the body and legs, the under surface slightly piceous; head relatively a little larger, three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the front with a larger area of strong and rather close-set punctua- tion; clypeus narrower, with much more widely diverging sides basally, otherwise nearly similar, the edges strongly reflexed through- out; eyes small; antennae black, piceous basally; prothorax narrower, convex, only three-fifths wider than long, similar, except that the basal bead is finer, the lobe rather more feeble and the sparse punc- tures everywhere stronger; scutellum smaller, more punctate; elytra but little longer than wide, less inflated posteriorly, with similarly very feebly impressed striae, which are however very much more coarsely and deeply punctured, the coarse confused punctures of the second interval less defined because of admixture with a coarse transverse plicatulation of the general surface; intervals four and six with the punctures extremely minute; pygidium less transverse, similarly convex, the arcuato-lineiform punctures more close-set and very much stronger than in minuta; middle coxae very narrowly separated as in the preceding. Length (c?) 6.7 mm.; width 3.5 mm. Florida (Marion Co.) mendica n. sp. It is quite possible that the single type of mendica may be a melanic modification of a normally paler species, but, as shown by form and sculpture, it is not closely allied to minuta. Of the latter I received a series of fourteen specimens, which do not vary in coloration, except in slightly paler or darker tints and in the extent of the large dark thoracic spot. Section C (flavipennis) . This is the largest section of the subgenus Paranomala, and it occurs throughout all of the nearctic and neotropical provinces, excepting the northern Pacific coast regions. Many of the Sonoran forms are rather slender and frail insects, with very thin pallid integuments, there being comparatively few instances where a metallic thoracic lustre becomes very obvious. The numerous species in my collection may be identified by the following char- acters : Middle coxae rather well separated; body stout and more massive 2 Middle coxae very narrowly separated 6 R.UTELIN/E 21 2 — Hind tarsi not or scarcely longer than the tibiae 3 Hind tarsi much longer than the tibiae in both sexes 4 3 — Body oblong-ovate, very shining, black, with strong metallic-green lustre above, except the elytra which are castaneo-rufous, black near the humeri and narrowly along the suture, becoming blackish throughout with paler nubilous streaks; under surface piceous- black, the legs black and moderately metallic, head punctato- scabrous, sparsely punctate basally, the clypeus densely sculptured, rather more than twice as wide as long, with broadly rounded angles, the edges rather broadly reflexed, except basally; antennal club not quite as long as the stem; prothorax relatively small, two-thirds as wide as the elytra, trapezoidal, very convex, smooth, finely, sparsely punctate; elytra broad, parallel, with arcuate sides, slightly longer than wide, the striae feebly impressed and with rather small punctures, those of the second interval coarser and very confused and rugose along the middle of the interval; pygidium rather finely, moderately closely arcuato-punctulate, convex, polished, inner claw of the an- terior tarsi (cf) moderately short and stout, cleft almost to the middle, the upper ramus extending as far as the lower and but slightly thinner. Length (cf ) 13.0-13.4 mm.; width 7.7-7.8 mm. Mexico. *cincta Say Body oblong, stout, convex, much smaller, shining, dark castaneous-red, the head, pronotum and scutellum sometimes piceous and feebly metallic; head well developed, the eyes rather large; front impressed, finely, not very densely punctate, polished throughout, the clypeus not quite twice as wide as long, much rounded, with obliterated angles, the parallel sides arcuate, the edges broadly and strongly reflexed, its surface shining, closely but feebly punctato-rugulose, feebly impressed at each side; antennal club (cf ) much longer than the stem, or ( 9 ) much shorter, as long as the five preceding joints; prothorax more than three-fourths as wide as the elytra, two-thirds wider than long, trapezoidal, with very evenly rounded sides, the basal angles rounded; basal bead strong, coarse and entire; surface convex, slightly uneven, finely, feebly and sparsely punctate; scutellum rather sparsely punctate; elytra very feebly inflated behind the humeri, barely visibly longer than wide, the striae coarse, widely and deeply impressed, rather finely and closely punctate, coarsely and more remotely laterad, the punctures of the second and fourth intervals broadly confused and notably coarse, those of the sixth remotely and irregularly uniseriate; narrow intervals notably convex; pygidium shining, very sparsely and rather feebly arcuato-punctulate ; larger claw of the anterior tarsi (cf ) notably long and slender, cleft at apex, that of the female still longer and more slender but otherwise similar. Length (cf 9 ) 8.8-9.8 mm.; width 5.1-5.8 mm. Virginia (Fredericksburg) and New Jersey (Anglesea — H. W. Wenzel). subquadrata n. sp. 4 — Male with the head rather less than half as wide as the prothorax and with only moderately developed eyes, these not prominent and separated by about four times their width, being smaller than in the female of flavipennis. Body stout, oblong, subparallel, convex, 22 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA slightly alutaceous, black, with scarcely metallic lustre, the elytra pale brownish-flavate, the suture, fine marginal edge broader at base and two transverse series of long piceous dashes on the alternate intervals, black; under surface and legs piceo-rufous, the latter black distally; head and clypeus rather coarsely, densely punctato- rugose, the sides and occiput sparsely and more finely punctate; front not impressed medially; clypeus flat, rather more than twice as wide as long, broadly rounded and continuously so around the sides, the latter even becoming somewhat convergent at base, the •edges all broadly and strongly reflexed; suture with a strong impres- sion near each side; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides feebly converging from the base, feebly arcuate, more rapidly rounded beyond the middle; surface convex, slightly uneven, strongly, not very finely, sparsely punctate, a little more strongly laterad, the entire basal bead strong but not very coarse; elytra not distinctly longer than wide, only feebly inflated, obtuse at apex, the striae feebly impressed and coarsely, closely punctate, much less sulciform than in the preceding, the narrower intervals barely at all more •convex, the second coarsely, confusedly punctate, the fourth in single line which becomes obsolete posteriorly; lateral series even, finer and 'less coarsely punctate; pygidium convex, the arcuate punctulation rather sparse and shallow. Male with the inner an- terior claw moderately inflated behind the middle, abruptly bent at base, split in less than apical third, the upper ramus as long as the lower but notably thinner, very finely aciculate. Length (cf) 10.5 .mm.; width 5.9 mm. Kansas (McPherson), — Knaus. stigmatella n. sp. Male with the head fully half as wide as the prothorax or wider and with notably developed and convex eyes, narrower in the female and with distinctly smaller and less prominent eyes 5 5 — Color black above, generally with feeble metallic lustre, the elytra pale brownish-flavate, the suture and marginal edge and rarely one or two discal spots, near the middle and arranged transversely, darker; under surface and legs black to piceo-rufous; head notably large, much more than half as wide as the prothorax, the prominent eyes (cf) separated by not quite twice their own width, or ( 9 ) barely by three times, punctato-rugose, sparsely punctate basally; front feebly impressed; clypeus much rounded and with the edges strongly and broadly reflexed, more transverse and less rounded in the female; antennal club a little longer than the stem or equal thereto ( 9 ) ; prothorax four-fifths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded, more so before the middle, feebly converging to subparallel from the base to beyond the middle, convex, not very finely, rather strongly, sparsely punctate, more strongly laterad; elytra slightly elongate, somewhat inflated; striae feebly impressed, the three geminate pairs closely punctate, with the intervals more convex, smooth; second interval coarsely and confusedly, the fourth less coarsely, more uniseriately, and the sixth finely, confusedly and more axially, punctate; punctures laterally almost evenly serial and notably coarse; pygidium black or piceous, the arcuate punctures large, RUTELIN^; 23 deep, close-set and conspicuous. Male with the larger anterior claw rather slender, abruptly bent basally as usual, cleft in nearly apical third, the upper ramus much more slender than the lower but almost as long; in the female not differing so much as usual, the lobes more diverging, the upper relatively a little thicker. Length (cf 9 ) 10.5-11.7 mm.; width 5.8-7.0 mm. Southern Texas. Seven male examples and one female luteipennis Lee. Color bright testaceo-rufous above and beneath, the elytra paler and more flavate; anterior parts never blackish, the tarsi more or less blackish, rather shining ; head (cf ) almost as large as in the preceding, with the large convex eyes separated by fully twice their widths, or (9) with the eyes not quite so large and notably less prominent; front feebly impressed, with the usual close punctato-rugulose sculpture somewhat feeble, also pervading the clypeus, which is about twice as wide as long, transversely arcuate at tip, with widely rounded angles, the sides often continuously rounded, the apex widely and strongly reflexed; antennae as in luteipennis, the club rather less elongate but longer than the stem in the male; prothorax nearly sim- ilar but with the rather fine sparse punctures feebler; elytra as in the preceding, with the fourth interval generally narrowly and confusedly punctured along the middle, but in one, from Vowell's Mill, broader and with the area of confused punctures much wider; pygidium convex, always testaceous, with the arcuate punctures shallower and sparser than in luteipennis; tarsal claws nearly similar. Length (cf 9 ) 9.0-11.0 mm.; width 5.2-6.3 mm. North Carolina (Southern Pines — regarded as the typical locality, as the type was sent by Zimmermann) to Louisiana (Vowell's Mill). [A. dichroa Mels.] Five males and one female, the latter, from Vowell's Mill, smaller and notably more slender than the male and represented above by the smaller dimensions flavipennis Burm. A — Similar but on the whole rather larger, notably stouter and with stronger sculpture, as seen very well in extended series; head similar but with the eyes (cf ) not so prominent, being separated by distinctly more than twice their own width and with larger and broader clypeus, or ( 9 ) separated by nearly three times their width; prothorax similar but generally with the indefinite im- pression on the median line at basal third more evident; elytra nearly similar; disk rarely with one or two short longitudinal piceous lines before the middle not observable in any of my examples of flavipennis; pygidial sculpture rather closer and more pronounced as a rule, the claws similar. Female relatively not so slender as in flavipennis, similarly rare in individuals. Length (cf 9 ) 9.5-11.5 mm.; width 6.0-6.8 mm. Kansas (McPherson and Lucas). Abundant. Fourteen males and two females. modulata n. subsp. B — Nearly similar but rather more elongate; head (cf ) nearly as in flavipennis, the concave clypeus with the sides arcuate from the base through the apex and broadly, strongly reflexed, the eyes separated by but slightly less than twice their width; prothorax similar but with the sides more rounded, becoming relatively 24 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA more converging apically, the medial impression at basal third distinct but similarly shallow; elytra longer, similarly sculptured, pale brownish-flavate, the type nubilate with brown in certain discal areas before the middle and also about the humeri; pygidium more shallowly and sparsely arcuato-punctulate than in either of the preceding. Length (cf ) 11.2 mm.; width 6.0 mm. A single example, received from a European dealer and marked "Cal." but probably in error — possibly from Arizona. amissa n. subsp. Color testaceous, the head, pronotum, suture, margin, sides of the elytra basally and the legs reddish, shining, the form somewhat as in binotata; head coarsely and densely punctate; clypeus transverse, the apex subtruncate, the angles rounded and the margins moder- ately reflexed, the suture distinct; prothorax shining, convex, sparsely punctate, the sides slightly arcuate; hind angles rounded, the an- terior not prominent; scutellum coarsely punctate; elytra expanding apically, the intervals clearly defined and alternately wider, the broader intervals flat, irregularly punctate, the narrower intervals slightly convex and almost impunctate; metasternum clothed with rather long hairs, the abdomen shining and sparsely punctate; pygidium transverse, subconfluently punctate, the punctures not deeply impressed; anterior tibiae with a single external tooth, the apical process elongate and slightly curved, the tooth prominent but obtuse, the larger tarsal claw cleft at tip, the upper ramus (cf ) finer and shorter than the lower, or equal thereto ( 9 "), the larger claw of the intermediate tarsi cleft at tip, the upper process neatly as long as the lower but narrower. Length (cf ) II, (9 ) 13 mm.; width (cf1) 7, (9) 7 mm. Lower California (Santa Rosa). . peninsularis Schf. 6 — Mesosternal process flat, depressed; sterna more or less pubescent. . 7 Mesosternal process in the form of a narrow feeble convex ridge; under surface glabrous or virtually so; species of small size 17 7 — Pronotum unicolorous. Form oblong-elongate, rather convex, pice- ous, with slightly metallic lustre, the elytra pale brownish-flavate, the suture finely and side margin basally, black; head densely punctato-rugulose, sparsely punctate basally, the eyes (cf ) separated by two and one-half times their width; clypeus flat, broadly trape- zoidal, the apex rather abruptly and moderately reflexed; antennal club (cf ) not quite as long as the stern; prothorax trapezoidal, with feebly, medially subangulate sides, minutely, remotely punctate, the basal bead entire; elytra slightly elongate, sculptured as in flavipennis but more finely, the three narrow smooth intervals very moderately convex; pygidium sparsely and strongly arcuato- punctate; inner anterior claw (cf ) stout, deeply incised at apex, the upper ramus as long as the lower but much more slender, very finely aciculate. Length (cf) 12.0-12.6 mm.; width 6.8-7.3 mm. Hon- duras (San Pedro Sula). Four examples *ochroptera Bates Pronotum unicolorous. Body somewhat as in the preceding but still more elongate, black, slightly piceous beneath, the lustre barely at all metallic; elytra colored as in ochroptera; head (cf ) nearly similar but with slightly more prominent eyes, which are separated by but RUTELIN.E 25 little more than twice their width; prothorax similar throughout, except that the basal lobe is not evenly rounded but broadly, rectilinearly truncate, the beading strong and entire, the punctures very fine and sparse; basal angles broadly rounded; scutellum simi- larly finely, sparsely punctate and with broad punctureless margins; elytra similar but notably more elongate, slightly inflated posteriorly, very rapidly and transversely obtuse at apex, the sculpture almost exactly similar; pygidium very different, longer, blacker, convex, with the short, transversely arcuate quasi-punctuation much denser, finer and greatly confused, compacted and interlacing basally; tarsal claws (cf ) almost similar but with the lower ramus of the inner anterior claw much more obtuse at apex and with the point more deflexed, the apex being almost obliquely truncate, which is not in the least suggested in ochroptera. Length (cf) 13.5 mm.; width 7.4 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). A single specimen. *longipennis n. sp. Pronotum never unicolorous, always having a more or less extended discal dark area, the sides, at least, invariably pallid and generally with a small medial dark spot 8 8 — Body stout and compact, somewhat as in the binotata section, the elytra varying from entirely black, with a small pale basal area near the humeri, to entirely pale brownish-flavate and more or less clouded with brownish postero-externally and with the suture, sides, except basally, and humeral callus alone black or blackish. Lustre shining; head with the punctures rather strong and narrowly separated throughout, becoming very minute and remote basally, the clypeus flat, densely punctato-rugulose, transversely trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles, the eyes very moderate in size, but little larger (cf ) and separated by four to five times their width; antennal club much shorter than the stem in both sexes; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long, the sides arcuate, becoming parallel basally and convergent apically, the sinuate apex with acutely prominent angles; base very broadly lobed, with narrowly rounded angles, the bead feeble or interrupted narrowly at the middle; surface with a large transverse, posteriorly angulate anterior spot, to wholly blackish, excepting the side margins, minutely, sparsely punctured throughout; scutellum loosely but much less finely punctate; elytra rather strongly inflated behind the humeri, but little longer than wide, each with three rather pronounced convex costse, separated by broad flat, broadly and confusedly punctate intervals, and defined by closely punctate impressed series, the flanks confusedly punctate; pygidium with the transversely arcuate scratches close-set and rather strong, smaller and more separated in the female; anterior tarsi (cf) with the larger claw stout, angularly prominent internally near the base, with the upper ramus of the bifid apex as long as the lower and but slightly more slender, or ( 9 ) with the larger claw more slender, not swollen internally and with the upper of the apical lobes similar to the lower but distinctly exceeding it in length; pubescence of the sterna rather short and inconspicuous; anterior tibiae with two external teeth and an apical process in both sexes, the upper tooth very short and 26 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA rudimentary but evident. Length (c? 9 ) 10.0-10.8 mm.; width 6.0-6.7 mm. Arizona. Four examples nimbosa n. sp. Body much less stout to notably slender, the elytra always very pale, having thin integuments, the elytral suture, side margin or humeral callus sometimes dark 9 9 — Prothorax very short and transverse, always evidently more than twice as wide as the median length 10 Prothorax much less transverse, never quite twice as wide as the median length n 10 — Body oblong, subparallel, barely at all inflated posteriorly, pale, the pronotum with the dark area much comminuted and sometimes wanting, very nubilous; elytra with the suture and humeral callus alone darker to nearly black; head (9 ) but little more than half as wide as the prothorax, with short and very transverse, almost semi- elliptical clypeus, which is closely but rather discretely punctate and with moderately reflexed edges; front sculptured like the clypeus; elsewhere minutely and remotely punctulate; eyes very moderate, separated by fully three times their width; prothorax very transverse, almost as wide as the elytra, much more than twice as wide as the median length, the apex broadly, deeply sinuate, with prominent acute angles from above, right when viewed sublaterally ; base with a fine but entire bead; surface with rather small but strong, very sparse punctures; scutellum with dispersed punctures basally only; elytra slightly elongate, rounding apically from slightly behind the middle, having very even and close-set series of rather coarse, deep punctures throughout the width, the second interval irregularly biseriately punctate, becoming broadly and confusedly so basally; scutellum with the sparse arcuate lines so short and deep as to form almost regular small rounded punctures. Length (9) 9-7 mm.; width 5.0-5.4 mm. Mexico (Jalapa). The male is described as having a much larger head and unusually large and conspicuous eyes. *megalops Bates Body gradually much inflated behind or very distinctly cuneiform, moderately convex, shining, with very thin integuments, pale luteo- flavate in color, the head and a large anterior transversely subquad- rate pronotal spot pale red-brown; elytra with the suture narrowly brown, the humeral callus black, the external margin pale, except the fine brown beading; head (c?) four-sevenths as wide as the pro- thorax, the clypeus and front to a transverse line through the middle of the eyes, uniformly and very roughly punctato-rugose, abruptly behind that line becoming discretely and rather strongly punctate; eyes very prominent, separated by barely more than twice their width; clypeus very transverse, moderately reflexed at apex, be- coming parallel at base, with very broadly rounded angles; antennal club rather thin, not quite as long as the stem; prothorax slightly more than twice as wide as the median length, the sides rounded, becoming subparallel in basal, converging in apical, half, the promi- nent apical angles finely blunt at their apices, the basal rather nar- rowly rounded; basal bead fine but entire, in level below the general surface, which is evenly convex, extremely minutely and remotely R.UTELIN.E 27 punctulate; sublateral dark spot evident; scutellum rather closely and more strongly, subrugosely punctate, with sharply limited smooth margins; elytra subcircularly rounded apically from slightly behind the middle, a fourth longer than wide, with slightly uneven and scarcely at all impressed series of very moderate punctures, which become close and confused at the sides, stronger and broadly confused along the second interval, the three costuliform intervals but feebly convex; pygidium with well separated and very feeble transversely wavy scratches; anterior tarsi missing in the type. Length (cf ) 9-3 mm.; width 5.0 mm. Arizona delicata n. sp. II — Form strongly cuneiform, a blackish sutural vitta bifurcating and surrounding the scutellum, which, like the head and pronotum, is pale testaceous. Elytra, excepting a very narrow equal sutural line, and entire under surface and legs pale brownish-flavate, not at all darker externally or at the humeral callus; head (9) large, three- fifths as wide as the prothorax, with large prominent eyes, separated by barely twice their width, the front and clypeus densely punctato- rugose, the latter more than twice as wide as long, almost semi- elliptical, the surface feebly, indefinitely impressed at each side and rather narrowly but abruptly reflexed throughout the contour; antennal club rather long and thin, a little shorter than the stem; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, the sides slightly swollen medially, the apical sinus shallow, the angles sharp; basal bead rather narrow, flat, entire and not at all depressed; surface minutely, remotely punctulate, broadly flavate with included small dark spot at each side; scutellum finely, remotely punctate; elytra slightly elongate, gradually broadening from the base, very rapidly transversely rounded at apex; surface with rather irregular and wholly unimpressed series of very fine feeble punctures, the second interval with the punctures slightly more distinct, narrowly confused along the median line, becoming broadly so throughout its width basally; pygidium with rather small but strong sparse punc- tures; larger anterior tarsal claw (9) very slender, with the apex extremely unequally split, the upper ramus rather thick and much prolonged, the lower very fine and aciculate and not half as long as the upper ramus. Length (9 ) n.o mm.; width 6.0 mm. Mexico. A single example received under the name hopfneri Bates, which it evidently is not, as can be seen from the form of the inner anterior tarsal claw *digressa n. sp. Form not or but slightly cuneiform, the darker sutural stripe when present never enveloping the scutellum 12 12 — Clypeus rather strongly narrowed to the apex; body unusually small in size. Elongate-oval, pale testaceous; prothorax with a median darker space, which extends laterally on each side at the middle as a narrow line not quite to the side margin; head rather coarsely punctate, the eyes not prominent; antennal club as long as the stem; clypeus rounded and reflexed at apex, the sides scarcely reflexed, the suture straight, distinctly impressed; prothorax at base twice as wide as long, the sides feebly arcuate, obliquely narrowing apically, parallel basally ; anterior angles acute, the posterior rounded ; 28 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA surface rather sparsely punctate, more densely and slightly more coarsely laterad, having an impressed longitudinal line at the middle; elytra at base slightly narrower than the thoracic base, gradually widening toward apex, the three costae distinct, feebly convex and very finely, irregularly punctate; subsutural and second intervals with a more irregular row of coarse punctures than those of the geminate rows enclosing the costae; at the sides the punctures form almost regular rows; pygidium convex, rugose, sparsely hairy at tip; under surface coarsely punctate; metasternum with a few erect hairs; front tibiae with a single external tooth, the apical process elongate, curved; inner claw of the anterior tarsi (cf ) very feebly cleft, the upper portion extremely slender and short, that of the intermediate tarsi scarcely visibly cleft. Length 7 mm. Arizona (Bakersville?) clypealis Schf. Clypeus transverse, moderately arcuate at apex, with broadly rounded angles and sides that either diverge slightly or become parallel basally; size not so small 13 13 — Basal bead of the pronotum entire but extremely fine and depressed slightly below the general surface. Body almost evenly elongate- oval, convex, rather shining, pale brownish-flavate aboveand beneath, the head dark brownish-rufous, the pronotum at apex with a large medial spot of dark brown, which is prolonged posteriorly along the median line, generally in a narrow line, the elytra with the suture and outer edge, sometimes very broadly toward tip, piceous or blackish; head rather shining though densely but not coarsely punctato- rugulose, the eyes very moderate, not differing much sexually, separated by three times their width; clypeus rather broadly and strongly reflexed, obsoletely at base, where the sides become parallel; antennal club (9 ) small, as long as the five preceding joints; pro- thorax distinctly less than twice as wide as long, the sides rounded, converging apically, the basal lobe broad and rather feeble; basal angles broadly rounded, the apical sharp but more than right, the sinus shallow; punctures minute and very sparse throughout; elytra slightly elongate, rounded apically from slightly behind the middle, very feebly inflated medially, only slightly wider than the prothorax, having regular and evenly spaced rows of rather strong punctures, coarser laterad, where the rows become somewhat impressed, the second interval broad, confusedly and strongly punctate, broadly basally, more narrowly posteriad; pygidium convex, shining, hav- ing the short arcuate scratches feeble and sparse. Male with the upper ramus of the inner anterior claw very short and slender, the female with the inner claw cleft at apex, the lobes subequal, the upper projecting evidently beyond the lower. Length (cf 9 ) 7.8-9.0 mm.; width 4.2-4.5 mm. Lower California (Santa Rosa). Four examples centralis Lee. Basal thoracic bead not so fine and always interrupted medially 14 14 — Eyes in the male only moderately prominent, more widely separated; elytral punctures deeper and more conspicuous 15 Eyes in the male very convex and prominent, separated by about twice their width; elytral punctures feeble and rather indistinct 16 29 15 — Form oblong-suboval, very shining, pale flavo-testaceous, the head dark rufous, with barely visible metallic lustre, the pronotum with a very large blackish area having a similar lustre and extending through more than median half at apex, broad at base, with its sides bisinuate and with a broad basal anteriorly emarginate pale area medially at base, the sublateral dark dot feeble, the elytra pale, black at the sides basally and again apically and with the suture also narrowly black; head rather coarsely, deeply and densely punctato- rugose, the punctures smaller/ and separated on the occiput; clypeus much more than twice as wide as long, the edges moderately and not broadly reflexed, the sides broadly rounded from the apex to the base, where alone they become parallel; eyes separated by rather more than three times their width; antennal club not quite as long as the stem; prothorax distinctly less than twice as wide as long, the sides almost evenly arcuate and feebly converging from the broadly rounded basal angles to the sharply marked right apical angles; basal lobe rather broad and feeble; punctures small but deep and sparse throughout, not coarser but finer laterad; surface convexly sloping to the basal bead laterally but not medially, where the inter- ruption is narrow; scutellum finely but more closely punctate basally; elytra a fourth longer than wide, circularly rounded behind the middle, barely at all inflated, a little wider than the prothorax, the punctures rather coarse, deep and conspicuous, close-set in rather even and widely spaced rows, the narrower interspaces feebly convex, the second interval broad, confusedly punctate along the middle, the fourth and sixth each with a widely spaced irregular single series of smaller punctures; series even on the flanks; pygidium convex, the arcuate scratches coarse, rather strong and somewhat anastomosing; inner claw of the anterior male tarsi rather slender, cleft at tip, the upper ramus very thin and much shorter than the lower. Length (cf ) 9.8 mm.; width 5.1 mm. Arizona arida n. sp. Form more elongate-oval, convex, shining, the coloration nearly as in arida, except that the large thoracic dark area is broadly detached from the base in the type and still more contracted in other examples, and the external margin only narrowly and feebly brownish, the humeral callus generally deep black; head larger, very differently sculptured, not in dense confused deep punctures as in the pre- ceding, but in a coarse shallow irregular reticulation, replaced pos- teriorly by small sparse punctures, the clypeus not so transverse and more trapezoidal, the sides straight and distinctly diverging basally, the angles not so broadly rounded; edges similarly reflexed throughout; antennal club rather thin, distinctly shorter than the stem; eyes larger and more prominent, separated by less than two and one-half times their width; prothorax as in arida but more nearly twice as wide as long, not so shining, with the punctures very much finer and feebler, very sparse and the surface sloping less strongly or rapidly to the basal bead, the latter more broadly interrupted medially; scutellum similar but with a much broader impunctate margin; elytra very much more elongate, fully two-fifths longer than wide, more rapidly rounding behind in about apical third, 3O MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA very feebly submedially inflated; punctures rather strong but less impressed, the series feebly impressed, nearly regular, the intervals 2-4-6 nearly similar but with the punctures sparser, not so coarse on the second and confused near the sides; pygidium convex, the short arcuate scratches rather feeble and sparse; inner claw of the anterior male tarsi thicker than in ar-ida and much more deeply cleft at apex, the upper ramus not very thin and extending almost as far as the lower. Length (cf) 10.5-11.6 mm.; width 5.5-6.2 mm. Arizona (Boboquivari Mts. and Cochise Co.). . . .papagoana n. sp. 16 — Body elongate-oval, convex, shining, pale testaceo-flavate, the head and pronotum pale and uniform brownish-rufous, the latter broadly and evenly flavate at the sides, with the dark spot diffuse; elytra with the suture alone narrowly pale brown; head very large, two- thirds as wide as the prothorax, the median part of the front and the clypeus densely and rather finely punctato-rugose, the remainder sparsely, rather finely punctate; clypeus short, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles and narrowly and sharply reflexed edges; eyes very large and prominent, separated by less than twice their width; prothorax less than twice as wide as long, evenly trapezoidal, with straight sides, becoming subprominent and arcuate in median third; apex transverse, sinuate at each side, the angles not prominent and with their tips blunt; basal angles but narrowly rounded, the lobe rather pronounced, the bead very broadly interrupted medially; surface minutely, feebly and very sparsely punctate throughout, not at all sloping to the bead at base; in the type, there is at each side near the apex, an oblique deep sulcus extending from the apical margin not quite to the side margin, which may be accidental; scutellum finely, sparsely punctate, except along the middle and at the broad smooth margins; elytra long, fully two-fifths longer than wide, broadly, feebly inflated except basally, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths, the punctures fine and feeble in slightly irregular and unimpressed series, confused laterad, the itervals all nearly flat, the second rather broad, with a median line of irregular punctures, becoming sparsely diffused basally; pygidium convex, the arcuate scratches feeble and sparse; larger anterior claw of the male slender, gradually finely and somewhat obliquely pointed, with an excessively short fine ramus on the upper side at apical third. Length (cf) 9.8 mm.; width 5.0 mm. Arizona. .. .sagax n. sp. Body less elongate, shining, pale luteo-flavate throughout, the head pale rufous, the pronotum (cf ) with a large semicircular brown spot at apex, the diameter lying on the apical margin, or ( 9 ) wholly pale red-brown, the side margins flavate; elytra with the suture alone pale brown; head (cf) not quite three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, densely punctate-scabrous before, sparsely puncate behind, a line through the middle of the eyes, which are very prominent and separ- ated by barely more than twice their width; antennal club not quite as long as the stem; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides slightly converging behind, and more so before, the more rounded median part, the apex regularly sinuate, with rather sharp angles; basal angles obtuse, narrowly rounded, the bead strong, sometimes R.UTELIN/E 31 traceable across the middle, the lobe broad and moderate; surface at base not sloping toward the bead, minutely, remotely punctulate throughout; scutellum more strongly and less sparsely punctate; elytra barely a fourth longer than wide, rather inflated, more than one-half wider than the prothorax, rapidly rounding behind in about apical third; punctures not very fine but shallow and inconspicuous, sparse in rather even and widely spaced lines, the second interval very broad, sparsely and confusedly punctate; pygidium with the arcuate scratches feeble and sparse; inner anterior claw differing completely from the preceding, rather stout, feebly and subangularly prominent beneath behind the middle, very coarsely and deeply cleft at apex, the upper ramus not differing very much from the lower, both rather deflexed, unusually diverging and very acute at apex, the upper distinctly shorter than the lower. Female smaller and narrower than the male as in flavipennis, the antennal club small, much shorter than the stem, the eyes smaller and much less prominent; larger anterior claw slender, subevenly bifid at apex. Length (cf 9 ) 8.4-9.2 mm.; width 4.6-5.4 mm. Arizona. Two specimens moquina n. sp. 17 — Elytra pale, with fasciate maculation, never entirely black; larger anterior claw different in the sexes 18 Elytra usually deep black throughout, when pale rarely having fasciate but rather longitudinal and very feeble marking; larger claw similar in the sexes 20 1 8 — Pronotum wholly dark in color. Body elongate-oval, rather convex, shining, blackish, the under surface and legs piceo-rufous; elytra tawny-yellow, the sutural interval and external bead blackish, the disk with a transverse irregular black fascia before the middle, uniting with a large humeral black area; head, pronotum and scu- tellum with distinct metallic lustre; head with separated punctures, smaller basally, except in a medial anterior frontal pit, which is more densely punctate, the clypeus trapezoidal, twice as wide as long, with broadly rounded angles and rather feebly reflexed edges, its surface densely punctato-rugose, somewhat impressed medially along the suture; eyes moderate; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides evenly rounded and converging from base to apex, the latter sinuate, with sharp prominent angles; base broadly and feebly lobed, the bead strong and entire, the angles not very broadly rounded; surface finely but distinctly, sparsely punctate throughout; scutellum sparsely and a little more strongly punctate; elytra with even impressed series of moderate punctures to the sides, the second interval wide, irregularly and subbiseriately punctate along the middle; fourth and sixth with single series of smaller punctures, 3-5-7 moderately costuliform and smooth; pygidium dark, shining, convex, having the wavy scratches deep and rather closely anasto- mosing, under surface glabrous. Length (9) 8.5 mm.; width 4.3 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) *crucialis n. sp. Pronotum never wholly dark, always at least pale along the sides. ... 19 19 — Elytra each always with a small rounded dark spot near the apical margin and at some distance from the suture, this being the only 32 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA marking to remain when the elytra become otherwise wholly pale; body smaller and more abbreviated in form, also more inflated pos- teriorly; color blackish, the abdomen, femora and prosternum paler; head dark, paler anteriorly and on the clypeus, densely, rugulosely punctate, sparsely punctate basally. the eyes small in both sexes; clypeus transversely semi-elliptical, the edges very moderately reflexed; antennal club three-fourths the length of the stem (cf ), two-thirds (9 ); prothorax twice as wide as the median length (9 ), distinctly less (cT), black and feebly submetallic, with pale sides, to pale, with a large transverse, posteriorly angulate apical spot, the sides broadly, subevenly rounded and converging to the sinuate apex, the apical angles prominent and acute, the basal moderately rounded; basal bead very fine, entire; surface slightly uneven, convex, strongly, deeply and moderately closely punctate, the scutel- lum sparsely and less strongly; elytra wholly pale or with two more or less developed transverse wavy fasciae of blackish tint, only a little longer than wide, the even impressed striae close-set and rather coarsely, deeply punctate to the sides; second interval alone broad- ened, coarsely and confusedly punctate throughout; pygidium generally with a marginal impression at each side, convex, rather dull, the transverse scratches rather strong, not very dense but anastomosing; sterna glabrous. Male with the larger anterior claw abruptly bent at base, rather stout and slightly swollen internally, cleft apically nearly to the middle, the upper ramus very long, unusually diverging, nearly as long as the lower but much more slender and aciculate; female with the same claw more slender and almost symmetrically bifid at tip, the incisure less deep. Length (cf 9 ) 7.0-8.0 mm.; width 3.8-4.4 mm. Virginia to Florida (Palm Beach) and westward to Kansas and Nebraska. Abundant. [Euchlora maculata Cast., and Melolontha varians Fabr. (pars), — nomina praeocc.] undulata Mels. Elytra never with the small rounded subapical spot; body larger, more convex and much more elongate in the typical form. Elongate-oval, shining, pale luteo-flavate, the head rufous, black basally, the pro- notum black, pale at the sides and sometimes along the'base medially, the elytra with two irregular fasciae of detached elongate spots; under surface wholly black, except the abdominal apex, to wholly pale, the legs pale with blackish tarsi; head and pronotum generally with feeble metallic lustre; head and clypeus less densely sculptured, sparsely punctate basally, the clypeus shorter and more trapezoidal, with rounded angles; eyes rather small; antennal club nearly as in ^lndulata but thicker and still shorter in both sexes; prothorax much less abbreviated, only three-fifths to two-thirds wider than long, the surface smoother and more even and with the punctures very much finer and sparser, otherwise nearly similar, except that the entire basal bead is less fine and flatter; scutellum much more strongly and closely punctate than the pronotum; elytra much more elongate, broader in the male, a fourth to two-fifths longer than wide; striation as in iindulata but finer and feebler, the strial punctures much smaller, the broad second interval with the broadly confused punctures smaller RUTELIN/E 33 and more widely separated; pygidium much more shining, blackish to pallid, convex, the arcuate scratches shorter, much sparser and very much stronger, sometimes punctiform; tarsal claws somewhat as in undulata. Length (cf 9 ) 7-8-9.5 mm.; width 4.0-4.9 mm. North Carolina and Kentucky to Florida (Lake Worth). Very abundant nigropicta n. sp. A — Similar but rather smaller and more slender, very convex, shining, similarly colored, except that the black maculation of the elytra is much more developed and confluent, both transversely and longitudinally, frequently showing the pale ground color only as small detached dashes and spots; head similar, the trapezoidal clypeus not quite so abbreviated; prothorax similar but less elongate and relatively smaller, nearly twice as wide as long (9 ), smaller, less transverse and more conical (cf); elytra nearly similar; pygidium with the sculpture less strong and more closely confluent; antennal club longer in the male but shorter in the female, in the latter barely as long as the preceding five joints. Length (cf 9 ) S.omm.; width 4.4-4.7 mm. Canada (Ontario). Two examples. canadensis n. subsp. B — Nearly similar but shorter and more reddish in color; the rufous head has the clypeus smaller and shorter than in the preceding and is more nearly semi-elliptical as in undulata; prothorax as in nigropicta but with the small punctures still more remote discally though much more close-set near the sides; they are everywhere a little stronger but not at all as in undulata; elytra only a fifth longer than wide, the regular series of very moderate punctures not impressed, the much smaller confused punctures of the second interval much smaller; pygidium shining, the irregular confluent wavy lines rather strong, much closer than in nigropicta and more closely resembling those of undulata, but coarser and with much more shining surface; inner claw of the anterior tarsi (9 ) slender, strongly and evenly arcuate, bifid in only apical fourth or fifth, the upper ramus distinctly more slender than the lower and not quite so long. Length (9) 8.4 mm.; width 4.5 mm. Florida (Key Largo). One specimen floridana n. subsp. C — Form nearly as in undulata but larger and stouter, similar in coloration, except that, as in the case of nigropicta and allied forms, no example having the detached anterior thoracic area so fre- quently seen in undulata, are at hand, all being black, with pale side margins; clypeus relatively large, trapezoidal, with rounded angles; antennal club (cf) nearly as long as the stem, or ( 9 ) three-fourths as long; prothorax as in nigropicta, less abbreviated, smoother and more finely and less conspicuously punctate than in undulata; scutellum generally pale, sparsely punctate; elytra but little longer than wide, more inflated near the middle than in any of the preceding, the black maculation of the two fasciae in detached spots nearly as in nigropicta, the striae of rather small deep punc- tures wholly unimpressed, the confused punctures of the second interval rather small and well separated; pygidium nearly as in T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 34 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA fioridana. Male with the inner anterior claw rather less deeply cleft than in undulata but otherwise nearly similar; female with this claw shorter, less slender and much less arcuate than in floridana, with the apical cleft deeper, though much smaller, less deep and more symmetrical than in the male, as usual in the undulata section; sterna subglabrous as in the latter. Length (cf 9 ) 8.0-8.5 mm.; width 4.6-4.8 mm. Indiana to Kansas. Six specimens saginatula n. subsp. 20 — Body very small in size, shining, piceous-black, sometimes deep black, the elytra occasionally with faint indefinite paler shading and the pronotum rarely pale at the sides and medially at base; head and pronotum with very feeble metallic lustre; head rufescent except basally, densely punctato-rugose, especially toward the median parts of the front, sparsely punctate basally; clypeus moder- ately reflexed, the outline subtrapezoidal, with broadly rounded angle, to semi-elliptic, the latter more especially in the male; eyes very moderate; antennal club (cf ) nearly as long as the stem, shorter ( 9 ) ; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long in the latter, narrower and more conical in the male and with less rounded sides, these being strongly rounded in the female; the general form and strong and only moderately sparse punctures are as in undulata; scutellum sparsely punctured, less strongly than the pronotum; elytra coarsely, rather deeply, regularly striate, the striae coarsely punctured, the second interval with strong, broadly confused, subrugose punctua- tion; disk occasionally with a small pallid point at the middle, near inner third, and a larger one externally before the middle, and also with the apical margin pallid, thus indicating that the intensely black coloration may only be an extreme development of the fasciate ornamentation of undulata; pygidium piceous to pallid, with rather strong wavy anastomosing sculpture. Male with the larger anterior claw almost exactly as in undulata, the female, however, with the claw almost as in the male, the lower lobe a little thinner, that sex more readily distinguishable by the size of the antennal club, broader, more rounded prothorax and by the thinner and less sinuous apical beading of the last abdominal segment. Length (cf 9 ) 6.6-7.9 rnm. ; width 3.7-4.3 mm. Pennsylvania to Florida and westward to Nebraska. Twenty examples. [Anomala undulata dubia Blatch.] innuba Fabr. A — Similar in general characters but more elongate, pale and uniform piceous-brown in color throughout, the head and pronotum slightly more rufous and with very faint metallic lustre; head similar, the clypeus more than twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles and feebly arcuate apex; antennal club (cf) distinctly shorter than the stem; prothorax as in the male of innuba but shorter, twice as wide as long and about a third as long as the elytra; in innuba it is always much more than a third as long as the elytra; punctures a little smaller, sparser and less conspicuous; basal bead similarly very fine as in undulata, entire; elytra as in innuba but sensibly more elongate, a third longer than wide, similarly sculptured and rugulose, the second interval with some RUTELIN/E 35 coarser transverse rugae; pygidium similar; sterna similarly sub- glabrous and coarsely punctured laterad. Length (cf) 7.8 mm.: width 4.0 mm. Florida piceola n. subsp. Body sensibly larger and stouter than in innuba, deep shining black as a rule, the abdomen and legs more or less piceo-rufous; in two male specimens, however, the pronotum is flavate along the sides and along the base medially and the elytra wholly pale brownish-flavate, the longitudinal subexternal darker, cloud-like shadings extremely feeble, terminating on the subapical umbo in a rounded darker spot as in uudulata; head black and sparsely punctate, the clypeus pallid; median parts of the front more or less concave and densely punctato- rugose like the clypeus, which is transverse, almost semicircular and with abruptly but narrowly reflexed edges; antennal club (cf) almost as long as the entire stem, or ( 9 ) very much smaller, not longer than the five preceding joints; prothorax not differing so much sexually as in innuba, not quite twice as wide as long, the sides broadly rounded, subparallel, becoming more rounded and con- vergent in nearly apical half; apex and base nearly as in innuba, the punctures strong but sparse, not much closer though a little stronger laterad; scutellum punctured like the pronotum but more closely, though very irregularly; elytra with close-set, even and barely at all impressed series of moderate but deep punctures, the second interval very broad and confusedly though not densely and not quite so strongly punctate throughout; pygidium with well separ- ated but transversely confluent, strong and wavy scratches; anterior tarsal claws nearly as in innuba in both sexes. Length (cf 9 ) 7.5-8.0 mm.; width 4.0-4.4 mm. Kansas (Medora, Onaga and' Benedict). Eight males and one female medorensis n. sp. I have placed peninsularis Schf. near flavipennis, as this is the disposition made of it by Mr. Schaeffer in his table of Anomala species (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 1907, p. 70), but have not seen any representative; the female is much larger than the male, while in flavipennis my material seems to show that the female is distinctly smaller, narrower and more cylindrical than the male. Mr. Schaeffer identifies the species named nimbosa above, with inconstans Burm., but it is much smaller and differs in the dentition of the anterior tibiae; in describing inconstans, Burmeister uses this language in referring to the anterior tibiae: "an den schmaleren Vorderschienen ist keine spur eines dritten Zahnes sichtbar"; in both sexes of nimbosa the anterior tibiae have two teeth on the external margin, apart from the apical process, which ought not really be called a tooth in any instance, the upper very short and obtuse but always observable. It was thought by Mr. Schaeffer that the Arizona species described above under the name papagoana, 36 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA which, with some of the allied forms, has been called centralis since the revision of G. H. Horn (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., 1884, p. 159), may be an extreme form of inconstans ; it has however but very little close relationship. The undulata — innuba section is clearly isolated by the glabrous under surface and form of the narrow meso-intercoxal surface, and innuba* seems to be an exception in the subgenus in having the larger anterior tarsal claw virtually similar and very deeply cleft in both sexes; it was for this reason that I at first expended a good deal of time in trying to separate the sexes of that species. The presence or absence of the small and almost vestigial tooth of the under side of the anterior claw-joint in this undulata section, which misled Mr. Blatchley in defining his (undulata) dubia, is immaterial, or at least of very little service in classification. Section D (parvula). The species of this section are of small or very moderate size and of a peculiar elongate and slender form, which characters dis- tinguish them very well in the subgenus Paranomala, aside from the distinctive maculation of the pronotum. We know at present the following three species: Clypeus deeply concave, broadly arcuate at apex, with broadly and strongly reflexed margins. Larger than parvula, which it otherwise resembles in form, the pronotum with two slightly elongate dark spots at apex, each oblique behind; head black, coarsely, rugosely punctate anteriorly, more finely and sparsely on the occiput; eyes moderately prominent; antennal club slightly longer than the entire stem, pale testaceous; prothorax more than twice as wide as long, the sides arcuate; hind angles rounded, the anterior obtuse; basal bead fine; surface convex, rather sparsely and shallowly punctate; elytra slightly broader at base than the prothorax, convex, the sides nearly parallel, with nine impunctate striae, the intervals nearly equal, convex, except the second, which is broader and somewhat coarsely * The description of Melolontha innuba given by Fabricius is: " Parva, glabra, nitida. Caput nigrum, ore antennisque flavis. Thorax punctatus, niger, margine lateral! testaceo. Elytra substriata, nigra, immaculata. Pectus nigrum. Abdomen testaceum. Pedes nigri, femoribus testaceis. Habitat ." The "elytra substriata" doubtless led Burmeister to mistake the species for the smooth Popillia vidua Newm., but its true identity has been established by Ohaus from a specimen supposed, at any rate, to be the original type and we may therefore regard its status as finally fixed. The type as described is a very exceptional condition of the species, the entire pronotum being black in the vast majority of examples before me. RUTELIN.E 37 punctate in basal half, the punctures finer behind the middle; other intervals uneven and scarcely punctate; color testaceous, with the suture and side margin slightly darker; pygidium moderately coarsely punctate, more densely laterad; under surface and legs testaceous; metasternum clothed not densely with long hairs; abdomen shining, scarcely punctate and with only a few hairs; front tibiae with a single external tooth and apical process, the inner anterior claw (cf ) finely, very unequally cleft, the upper ramus very short and scarcely visible, the intermediate claws entire, not cleft. Length (head porrect), 10 mm. New Mexico antennata Schf. Clypeus almost perfectly flat, its edges abruptly but more or less nar- rowly reflexed 2 2 — Body elongate-oval, convex, shining, pale luteo-flavate above and beneath, the head rufous, the pronotum with the two black spots oblong, extending from the apical margin to basal third, somewhat swollen postero-externally and separated by a parallel pale vitta, the elytra with the sutural interval, and somewhat wider external margin, of a sharply defined black; head densely punctato-rugose, the occiput and clypeal margins with well separated punctures; clypeus fully twice as wide as long, feebly arcuate at apex, with broadly rounded angles, the sides very feebly diverging basally, the reflexed edge very narrow, obsolete basally; eyes ( 9 ) very moderate, the antennal club small, not quite as long as the preceding five joints; prothorax distinctly less than twice as wide as long, the sides very evenly arcuate and moderately converging throughout, the apex deeply sinuate, with right and slightly blunt angles, the basal angles obtuse, moderately rounded; surface convex, finely but distinctly, sparsely punctate, a little more strongly laterad; basal bead very fine, entire, at the foot of a short, rapidly rising convex slope through- out the width; scutellum finely but closely punctate, more sparsely centrally, the black sutural coloration narrowly surrounding it; elytra fully a third longer than wide, not distinctly wider than the prothorax, parallel, with slightly arcuate sides and circularly rounded apex, the striae feebly impressed, widely and evenly spaced medially and laterally, but with the second and humeral intervals broader and in great part confusedly punctate, especially toward base; strial punctures not very coarse but deep and very distinct: all the intervals nearly flat; pygidium piceous, convex, shining, the arcuate scratches sparse, very short and subpunctiform; sterna with rather long loose pubescence; inner anterior claw (9 ) moderately slender, cleft at tip, the upper ramus extending slightly beyond the lower, the same claw of the intermediate tarsi longer and more slender, with the apical notch linearly about half as large. Length ( 9 ) 9.0 mm.; width 4.4 mm. Arizona (Somerton) . . . .tenera n. sp. Body much smaller and still more slender, with still thinner integument, very pale luteo-flavate throughout the body and legs, the head alone pale piceo-rufous, the pronotum with the two small elongate nu- bilous brown anterior spots, parallel, well separated and occasionally obsolete; head finely, feebly, sparsely and irregularly punctate or feebly rugulose throughout, the clypeus very moderate, short, some- 38 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA what more closely punctate and almost evenly semi-elliptical, the edges less narrowly reflexed than in tenera, the suture very fine, almost obliterated; eyes (cf ) well developed, prominent, separated by twice their width, the antennal club as long as the entire stem; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides evenly arcuate and but feebly converging throughout; apex very moderately sinuate, the angles sharp, the basal obtuse, rather rounded; basal bead as in the preceding; surface convex, minutely, feebly and sparsely punctate; scutellum much more strongly and closely punctate; elytra cylindric, nearly a third longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax, rounded posteriorly; surface with evenly spaced and scarcely im- pressed series of moderate punctures throughout the width, the second interval uniseriately punctate; pygidium shining, the scratches short, extremely feeble and sparse; larger anterior claw (cf ) rather slender, very gradually pointed, having above a short and extremely fine ramus, the corresponding claw of the middle tarsi very slender, the apex bifid, the upper process as long as the lower but more slender; sterna with a few fine short hairs, almost glabrous when compared with tenera. Length (cf) 7.0-8.0 mm.; width 3.3-3.7 mm. Georgia and Florida. Six examples, the female not at hand parvula Burm. Antennata, which is unknown to me, is a rather remarkable exception in the subgenus in having both claws of the intermediate male tarsi simple, and it also differs very much from the other two in the concave clypeus. Tenera may be the species identified as flavilla Bates, by Mr. Schaeffer, but the careful figure in the Biologia shows that the latter is very much shorter and more oval in form; the prothorax also is very much more transverse and with the form and position of the two spots wholly different. Group II. Subgenus Oliganomala nov. The remarkable minute species upon which this subgenus is founded, probably belongs to the West Indian fauna and was described from Florida by Mr. Schwarz under the name Strigoderma exigua. There is however no trace of ascending mesosternal epimera and it is in every way, including type of elytral sculpture and general facies, one of the Anomalid series and not a Strigo- dermid. The ligula is somewhat smaller than usual in Anomala, rather broadly truncate at apex, with the middle of the sides much constricted and deeply sinuate over the insertion of the palpi. The labrum is small, very feebly concave medially, shining and has RUTELIN/E 39 its posterior exposed limit medially somewht prolonged but broadly and very obtusely so, disappearing under the truncate apex of the ligula; at the sides, the labrum becomes very thin and lamellate. The antennae have the usual structure; the middle coxae are so approximate as to be virtually contiguous and the anterior claw- joint is without trace of inferior tooth, being bent at the middle. Other peculiarities will become apparent from the following descrip- tion of the only known species: Body oblong, convex, moderately shining, blackish beneath, the upper surface rufo-piceous and the legs testaceous; elytra luteo-flavate, infumate broadly toward the sides and with the three narrow smooth costules on each brighter flavate; head with rather small but strong and well separated punctures throughout, the clypeus deeply concave and almost semi-elliptical; eyes small, not prominent; antennae blackish, the club (d1) distinctly shorter than the stem; clypeal suture barely traceable; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides very evenly arcuate and but slightly converging throughout; apex rather deeply sinuate, with the bead entire, broad and flat, the angles acute and prominent, the basal slightly obtuse but not rounded; base barely at all lobed, the bead fine, somewhat inter- rupted at the middle; surface even, convex, finely, subevenly and sparsely punctate throughout; scutellum finely, sparsely and evenly punctate; elytra barely visibly longer than wide and very indistinctly wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides, cir- cularly rounded in almost posterior half; surface with three sets of very approximate and rather deep, closely punctate geminate striae, the inclosed costules relatively narrow and sharply defined also by their paler tint; surface between the exterior of the three and the sides with about three approximate and closely punctate impressed series; second interval coarsely, irregularly, uniseriately punctate, the fourth scarcely punctate, the sixth with few fine punctures; pygidium shining, with rather coarse and anastomosing, moderately strong sculpture; anterior tibiae not dentate externally, the apical process gradually pointed, scarcely at all everted. Male with the larger anterior claw small, rather stout, abruptly bent basally and somewhat contorted, very unequally bifid, the upper ramus very short and feebly developed though not very slender, the larger middle claw much longer, more slender, moderately cleft at tip; tarsi all notably long and not very slender, the hind tibiae not stout, slightly constricted apically. Length (cf) 3.9 mm.; width 2.1 mm. Florida (Sumter Co.) [Strigoderma exigua Schz.] . . . .exigua Schz. The description is drawn from a specimen kindly lent me by Mr. Schwarz, being one of the three cotypes remaining of the original set. The species has probably never since been taken. 4O MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Group III. Subgenus Anomalopus nov. I have no representative of this subgenus before me and the characters are drawn wholly from published descriptions. The peculiar obconical form of the hind tibiae and their unusual brevity would seem to show that it is by no means typical Anomala. The type is the Mexican Anomala rhizotrogoides of Blanchard, with which the following may be associated : Body larger, stouter and more convex than in parvula; head piceous, the front paler; clypeus dark testaceous, coarsely and closely punctate, transverse, broadly rounded at apex and with the edges narrowly reflexed; antennal club (9 ) slightly shorter than the preceding five joints; prothorax more than twice as wide as long, the sides nar- rowing apically from before the middle, nearly straight basally, the hind angles rounded, the anterior not prominent; surface convex, the apical bead nearly obsolete at the middle, the basal distinct; color testaceous, with two oblique dark elongate markings at apex, "on each side of the median line," the markings irregular in outline and slightly curved outward; punctures sparse and not coarse, ob- solescent laterally and basally; elytra elongate, parallel, testaceous, the suture and margin dark, the surface sculpture and striae more or less obscured by transverse rugae, the striae laterally more distinct and coarsely punctate; under surface testaceous, shining, the meta- sternum moderately densely clothed with long pale hairs; abdomen with moderate punctures, not closely placed; anterior tibiae with a single external tooth, the apical process elongate and slightly curved, the tooth sharp and prominent; larger anterior claw (9 ) finely cleft, the two lobes equal in size, the larger claw of the middle tarsi finely cleft, with the two lobes equal; hind tibiae short, distinctly shorter than the femora, obtriangular, broadly dilated toward apex; py- gidium moderately punctate, the punctures not deeply impressed. Length (9) 10 mm., width 5 mm. Texas. One specimen in the Dietz collection tibialis Schf . It is uncertain, from the language used in the original description, whether there are two thoracic spots on each side of the median line or whether it was intended by the author to indicate only one spot at each side; the latter is the more probable. In the above review of the American species of Anomala, the descriptions of peninsularis, antennata, clypealis and tibialis of Schaeffer, which are unknown to me in nature, are derived directly from the originals, generally with some alteration, trans- position or abbreviation of language for the sake of lucidity, but with careful avoidance of change of meaning or omission of important RUTELIN/E 41 characters. Reasons are given for the omission of the Mexican inconstans Burm., and flavilla Bates, said by Schaeffer to occur within our boundaries, and I have seen nothing resembling poly- chalca Bates, which is also included by the latter author. Spilota Burm. Pcecilosticta Kr. While not differing at all profoundly from the ordinary types of Anomala, it is, at any rate, very fortunate to have so valid an excuse for the dismemberment of that overextended genus, as the con- spicuous polished intermesocoxal prominence possessed by such species as marginata and lucicola, and, as before remarked, I can at present find no forms that are strictly intermediate between those species and the cincta type of Anomala in that respect; again, in addition to this, the basal bead of the pronotum is gen- erally wanting, a character becoming taxonomically very important among the true Rutelids. There is some diversity in the form of the sternal prominence; usually it is a simple smooth anteriorly protuberant tumidity, but in such species as chrysanthe and phos- phora of Bates, it becomes anteriorly prolonged in a gradually attenuated subporrect process. The meso-metasternal suture is sometimes partially traceable. The organs of the mouth and the general structure of the antennae and tarsi are not recognizably different from the corresponding features in Anomala, so far as can be observed. There are at hand four subgeneric groups as follows : Basal bead of the pronotum completely obsolete as in Rutela and allied genera 2 Basal bead present in greater or less degree of development 3 2 — Hind tibiae surate; elytral striation deep and distinct; the pygidium densely sculptured; body larger in size. North and South America. Group I Hind tibiae not or scarcely at all surate, parallel-sided; elytral striation very feeble and unimpressed; body of small size. Neotropics. Group II 3 — Basal pronotal bead extremely fine and never entire; elytra with the striation distinctly impressed, usually deeply so; pygidial sculpture sparse and scratch-like; body of small size; male much smaller than the female. Nearctic Group III Basal pronotal bead strong and entire; elytra without strongly impressed striae but with series of irregularly spaced punctures; pygidial sculp- 42 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA ture dense and asperulo-rugulose as in Group I; body of unusually large size. Neotropics Group IV This arrangement disposes in a seemingly satisfactory way of all the forms having a tumid mesosternum and non-ascending mes- epimera. But the Mexican micans Burm., and nitldula Blanch., have also the protuberant mesosternum, with the true Anomalid habitus, and in these there is a slight tendency in the mes-epimera to ascend before the elytral humeri; one of them, micans, has a closely and deeply sulcate elytral sculpture, of a form frequently observable in Strigoderma, which also has a protuberant mesoster- num. We might infer from this that there may be some correlation between ascending mes-epimera and a protuberant mesosternum. Another and still more puzzling species than micans, in regard to relationship and also having close-set sulciform elytral striae, is the Mexican A nomala hoegei of Ohaus, but this need not concern us at present, as the intermesocoxal surface is flat and narrow and the mes-epimera do not ascend at all before the humeri. Group I. Subgenus Spilota in sp. Besides such Central American forms as chrysanthe, phosphora and granulipyga of Bates, this group will include the two following more boreal species: Form rather elongate-oval, convex, slightly inflated behind, very shining, blackish-piceous, the under surface, elytra and legs paler and more testaceous, the pronotum pale at the sides, the hind femora blackish at base and apically and also the hind tarsi, all but the more pallid areas having a pronounced greenish-metallic lustre; head well de- veloped, feebly convex, sparsely and moderately punctate, the median parts of the front strongly punctato-rugose and with inter- mingled fine punctulation, the clypeus coarsely, deeply punctato- rugose, more than twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles, to almost semi-elliptical, having moderately reflexed edges; eyes very moderate in both sexes; antennal club (cf) slightly shorter than the stem, very markedly so ( 9 ) ; prothorax distinctly less than twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, with feebly arcuate to medially somewhat subprominent sides, the apex sinuate, with prominent angles, which are slightly blunt at apex, the basal angles rounded but not broadly; surface evenly convex, sparsely but strongly punctate, the punctures rather finer and still sparser near the sides; scutellum loosely and rather less strongly punctate; elytra with broad, deeply impressed striae, in which the strong punctures are so R.UTELIISLE 43 close-set as to be generally subtransverse, the intervals subequal throughout and very convex, especially laterad, the broader second interval with two irregular sulciform series of punctures, broadly confusedly punctate apically; pygidium with the dense wavy sculp- ture strong and sybgranuliform; sterna and hind coxae coarsely, rather closely punctate and with short fine inconspicuous hairs; anterior tibiae with a single strong obtuse external tooth, the apical process slightly recurved; female generally a little smaller and less stout than the male. Length (c? 9 ) 12.6-15.0 mm.; width 6.7-8.6 mm. Florida to Missouri and westward at least as far as New Mexico; said by Burmeister to occur also in Mexico, but not so recorded by Bates. [Melolontha annulata Germ.], .marginata Fabr. Form much more abbreviated, the size smaller, the coloration darker, the elytra blackish, with the same strong metallic lustre as the anterior parts, the sterna also blackish; head with the punctures everywhere separated, sparser and smaller basally, the clypeus still shorter, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles, with similarly reflexed edges but having the punctures less confluent and, toward the suture, rather widely separated; eyes smaller and even less convex; antennal club (cT) much shorter than the stem; prothorax nearly similar but shorter, twice as wide as long, the apical angles less prominent and more rounded, the basal lobe more truncate; scutellum finely and sparsely punctate; elytra as in marginata but shorter, scarcely longer than wide, the two sulci of the second interval more widely separated, the coalescent apical part narrower; pygidium shorter, more convex apically, the sculpture nearly similar; sternal punctures not so coarse and denser, those of the hind coxae relatively coarser; met-episterna shorter, not over twice as long as wide. Length (cf ) 12.5 mm.; width 7.0 mm. Pennsylvania incolumis n. sp. The tarsal claws do not differ much sexually in this subgenus; the larger claw of the anterior and middle tarsi is coarsely and deeply cleft at apex, and, in the female, the claw is merely a little longer and more slender and not quite so deeply cleft. One female from Mobile is much stouter than any other of the series at hand and with a larger head, having relatively still smaller eyes, but I can perceive no other differences; it is represented by the larger measurement of width, but not of length, given above. Group II. Subgenus Pachystethus Blanch. In general habitus this subgenus departs very markedly from the others, because of the smooth polished integuments, coloration and very much thickened elytral margins basally, as occasionally seen in the female. The type is the Popillia vidua of Newman, which 44 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA was misidentified by Burmeister as minuta Fabr. Because of the striking color variations, Newman also described two synonyms of vidua, Popillia sticticollis and semirufa. It is probable that Anomala nutans of Bates, which I have not examined, will enter the subgenus, as well as crassesculpta Bates. The following species is altogether distinct from vidua and does not seem to have been described hitherto: Form oblong, rather depressed, highly polished, wholly black to entirely red-brown, excepting two pronotal black spots; the sterna of the hind body are, however, always black or blackish; legs pale in the pallid examples, excepting more or less of the hind tibiae and the hind tarsi, which are always black as in vidua; head very densely punctato- rugulose throughout, except at base, where the punctures are small and sparse; clypeus flat, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles and moderately reflexed edges; eyes small, not prominent; antennal club always black, shorter than the stem; prothorax about three- fourths wider than long, trapezoidal, the sides straight, arcuately bending at the middle; apex deeply sinuate, with sharp advanced angles, the basal angles more than right but only with their apices slightly blunt; surface moderately convex, very minutely and re- motely punctulate, the punctures small but distinct near the sides; scutellum minutely, remotely punctulate; elytra oblong, with parallel and feebly arcuate sides, barely visibly longer than wide, rapidly very obtusely rounded at apex; surface smooth, with scarcely at all impressed series of very small punctures, the second interval wide, irregularly and finely, subbiseriately punctulate along the middle, the third smooth and feebly costuliform, the others all nearly flat; lateral series more strongly punctate; pygidium with the short ar- cuate lines very deep, sparse and punctiform; metasternum strongly, rather loosely, the hind coxae coarsely and sparsely, punctate. Length (9 ) 8.4-9.0 mm.; width 4.9-5.2 mm. Colombia. Three examples. *puncticeps n. sp. The larger claw of the anterior tarsi is not very stout and is rather deeply cleft at tip, the lobes of equal length, the upper barely thinner than the lower. I think that they are all females, but the outer margin of the elytra is very thin, the marginal surface less concave basally but without thickened beading. One of the specimens is deep black throughout, one pale, excepting the black post-sterna, hind tarsi, pygidium and pronotum except at the sides and with black head and paler clypeus; the third is completely pale, excepting the blackish post-sterna, black hind tarsi and two elongate black pronotal spots. Of my two males of vidua, one is completely deep black throughout, the other bright testaceous throughout RUTELIN/E 45 beneath, on the apical half of the head and at the sides and narrowly along the middle of the pronotum, the tarsi all black, the elytral margin thickened near the base; the female is much larger, more rhomboidal, with very thick elytral margins, becoming very thin posteriorly; it is wholly testaceous, excepting the tarsi and two well separated pronotal black spots. These observations seem to confirm, in general, the opinion of Mr. Arrow (Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 260), that the coloration in mdua is of a sexual nature, as stated by Burmeister but denied by Bates, but is not so confirma- tory in regard to puncticeps, where the color may be either deep black or almost entirely pale within what seems to be the same sex. Group III. Subgenus Hemispilota nov. The body is here much less shining as a rule than in either of the preceding and is more convex and more deeply sculptured than in Pacliystethus. In its typical forms it is a boreal group and does not seem to occur south of the Mexican boundary, except in the aberrant Anomala nitidula and micans of Mexico and Central America. The three American forms in my collection, one of which may be regarded as subspecific, may be described as follows : Elytral punctures moderate, the striae only moderately impressed; thoracic punctures generally less close-set; lustre never metallic at any part. Body (9) stouter, convex, shining, pale brownish- flavate in color throughout above and beneath, excepting occasion- ally two oblique black thoracic spots, or (cf ) of a slightly less clear tint, with the post-sterna blackish, the pronotum invariably black, pale at the sides and irregularly along the median parts of the base, the black area sometimes much retracted from the base and bi- furcate, or with the entire body deep black; head irregularly punc- tulate, densely anteriorly; clypeus large, very transverse, roundly trapezoidal, the edges very moderately reflexed; eyes small, not prominent; antennal club (cf) always dark, as long as the stem, or (9) distinctly shorter; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long in the female, much less in the male, trapezoidal, with almost evenly arcuate sides, deeply sinuate at apex, the fine basal bead only trace- able for a short distance sublaterally ; surface convex, somewhat uneven, with rather small but deep and sparse impressed punctures, slightly stronger laterad; scutellum unusually short, with small sparse punctures; elytra barely as long as wide, slightly inflated, obtusely rounded behind, the side margins somewhat thickened and uneven basally, but little more evidently in the female; striae rather 46 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA well impressed, coarser laterad, the second interval strongly and confusedly punctate, the fourth uniserially, 3-5-7 more strongly convex, smooth; pygidium with well separated and superficial anastomosing arcuate scratches, a little stronger in the male. Male with the larger anterior claw stout, deeply cleft, the upper ramus slender, not quite as long as the lower and very much thinner; female with the same claw much more slender, arcuate, deeply cleft at apex, the lobes of equal length and subequal in thickness. Length (cf ) 7.5-8.9, (9) 7.8-9.8 mm.; width (cf) 4.3-4.9, (9) 4.6-5.8 mm. Rhode Island to Kansas. Abundant. [Melolontha mcerens and atrata Fabr., and pinicola Mels.] lucicola Fabr. Elytral punctures coarser, the striae deeper and more sulciform, the body narrower in form, the lustre more or less evidently metallic, except on the elytra and under surface. Form elongate-oval, strongly convex; male much smaller than the female and dark red-brown in color, most of the head and the pronotum, except at the sides, black, the female more pallid in color, the pronotum pale, generally more or less mottled with a metallic blackish tint; head rather large, in great part punctato-scabrous, the eyes small, the clypeus very short and transverse, unusually truncate at apex, the angles moderately rounded, the edges abruptly and distinctly reflexed; antennal club (cf ) distinctly, or ( 9 ) very much, shorter than the stem; prothorax (cf) nearly twice as wide as long, or ( 9 ) larger and very much less transverse, in form nearly as in the preceding but with less rounded sides, the surface shining but more uneven and with coarser, deeper and more approximate punctures, the vestiges of the basal beading similar; scutellum less abbreviated, punctured like the pronotum; elytra with the striae coarser, deeper, more regularly and closely spaced in the male than in the female, the costuliform intervals 3-5-7-9 more evidently differentiated in the latter sex, where the sculpture is nearly as in lucicola; in the male it is quite different, the punctures of the second interval not being moderate and widely diffused but lying within two feeble unequal sulci, which coalesce and form a single large deep sulcus posteriorly; pygidium shining, with well separated superficial anastomosing scratches in both sexes. Male with the larger anterior claw nearly as in lucicola, except that the upper ramus is smaller, much shorter and still finer; female with the same claw long, slender, the apex not deeply cleft, the upper lobe a little shorter and distinctly thinner than the lower. Length (cf) 7-7-8.6, (9) 8.5-10.5 mm.; width (cf) 44-4-8, (9) 4.7-5.5 rnm- North Carolina (Southern Pines), — Manee. Eight examples. [Anomala oblivia Horn.] oblivia Horn A — Similar to oblivia but smaller in both sexes, the latter however bearing to each other the same relationship in size and coloration; head distinctly smaller in both sexes but otherwise similar; antennal club (cf ) very nearly as long as the stem, or ( 9 ) much shorter; prothorax of the male much less transverse, less transverse than in the female, the punctures strong and deep, still closer in both sexes than in oblivia; elytra nearly similar in sculpture in the two sexes and as in the female of oblivia; pygidium nearly RUTELIKLE 47 similar; tarsal claws nearly as in oblivia, except that the upper ramus in the female is relatively shorter and more slender. Length (d") 7.0-8.0, (9) 8.2-9.2 mm.; width (o71) 3-7-4-7. (?) 4.2-5.3 mm. New Jersey (seashore at Atlantic City). Very abundant maritima n. subsp. As intimated above, the Central American Anomala nitidula of Blanchard, may be regarded as a member of this subgenus and has the basal thoracic beading similarly fine, fragmentary and vestigial, but the elytral striae are much more feebly impressed and the anterior edge of the clypeus, viewed anteriorly, is thinner, convex and does not have the flattened inferiorly acutely margined form prevailing in the northern species, which resemble the true Spilota and some of the true Anomalce in this respect. The hairs of the under surface in nitidula are longer and more conspicuous, and the larger anterior claw in my two specimens, which are apparently female, is rather stout, coarsely cleft nearly to the middle, with the upper lobe a little longer than the lower though subequal to it in thickness. There is only a slight tendency in the mes-epimera to ascend before the elytral humeri, and this peculiarity is not sufficiently developed to ally the species in any way closely with the Strigo- dermids, especially in view of its very different and purely Spilotid facies. It is my conviction that the aberrant Mexican micans of Burmeister, can also enter this subgenus very well, with the same statement in regard to the mes-epimera as in the case of nitidula; in general habitus it agrees very well, except that the elytral sulci are deeper, closer and more even, and that there .is no trace of a basal thoracic bead. Group IV. Subgenus Zaspilota nov. Of this subgenus there are at hand two individuals, one a male, with the larger anterior claw stout, deeply bifid, the upper lobe moderately slender, aciculate, continuing the direction of the upper margin of the claw, while the lower is much thicker, rapidly deflexed, becoming rapidly acute at tip and a little longer than the upper, so that the two rami diverge more than in some other forms of the claw. The other is a female, having the corresponding claw longer, more slender and more symmetrically and almost as deeply cleft at apex. The male has the head and eyes relatively much less 48 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA developed than in the larger female, and they therefore represent two species, the male being the true Anomala cupricollis Chev., and the female the form called coagulata by Bates, although the elytra exhibit but few cloud-like spots, except about the external edges of the elytra. Some other of the large Central American species, such as Anomala megalia and pracellens of Bates, will also enter the subgenus in all probability. Lamoana n. gen. The type of this genus and the only species known to me, is the aberrant Mexican Anomala villosella of Blanchard, a specimen of which taken by Wickham at Pte. de Ixtla, Morelos, is now at hand. In the slender ascending mes-epimera, it is allied to the Strigo- dermids. The mesosternum between the coxae does not have the protuberant form seen in either Spilota or Strigoderma, being simply rather wide and unusually convex, with the suture separating it from the hairy metasternum distinct. It is peculiar in its pubescent surface throughout above and beneath, the pubescence of the elytra being an especially aberrant character in this part of the series. The body is almost evenly oval and convex, the entire head and pronotum not coarsely but deeply, evenly and very densely punctate, the pronotum with a very fine basal bead, obsolete medially, less than a third wider than long, with the sides almost evenly rounded and moderately converging from base to apex, the latter deeply sinuate. The punctate elytral striae are subequal and very close- set as in Strigoderma, but they are much more shallow and the second interval has the punctures very confused but only narrowly along its axial line. The convex shining pygidium has long, coarse silky pubescence and is feebly sculptured. The larger anterior claw in the male is stout, arcuate and gradually obliquely pointed ; on its upper surface there is, at a point but little beyond the middle, a very short and almost bristle-like process, diverging from the claw so slightly that the cleft is barely visible. The hind tibiae are but very slightly surate. The body is about 8.5 mm. in length. Strigoderma Burm. This genus is exclusively North and South American and in- cludes many species. I have assumed the Mexican Strigoderma RUTELIN^; 49 sulcipennis Burm., as its type, for, as organized at present, it has a number of discrepant elements, one of which is here removed under the name Strigodermella. One of the chief peculiarities of the genus, in the assumed typical form, is the closely and very regularly sulcate elytral sculpture. The mes-epimera arise in rather tumid outline before the elytral humeri and the mesosternum is tuberculi- form between the coxae. In the male the larger anterior claw is almost exactly as in Lamoana, described above, the very short appendage of its upper surface scarcely diverging and so thin as to be almost bristle-like; in the female the same claw is longer, more slender, parallel, feebly arcuate and very moderately and almost symmetrically cleft at tip. The female is generally very much more abundant than the male. The species in my collection may be arranged as follows, the characters in every instance being drawn from the female, except in the case of viridicollis Schf., where the only specimen is a male; they are all of the sulcipennis and arboricola types, having the elytra evenly and closely sulcate throughout the width, and are numerous in Mexico, but were all included under the name sulcipennis by Mr. Bates: Lateral oblique impressions of the pronotum very deep and fossulate; pygidium with sculpture of subrectilinear transverse interlacing lines, generally deep and conspicuous. Southern Arizona to Central America 2 Lateral impressions feebler to almost completely obsolete; pygidium with feebler and more superficial sculpture, consisting of transversely wavy anastomosing lines; basal bead of the pronotum fine but always entire. Nearctic regions 8 2 — Head finely and sparsely punctate basally. Body elongate-sub- rhombiform, polished and intense black throughout, without trace of metallic lustre at any part; head three-fifths as wide as the pro- thorax, strongly but not coarsely or very densely, irregularly punc- tate, sparsely and finely so behind the line of the eyes, which are not at all prominent and with unusually large and high anterior canthus; clypeus twice as wide as long, almost parallel, rectilinearly truncate and with very moderately rounded angles, the surface broadly indefinitely impressed peripherally, the edges only very slightly reflexed; antennal club rather longer than the preceding five joints; prothorax very nearly as long as wide, the feebly converging and nearly straight sides slightly subprominent before the middle, the acute apical angles much advanced; basal bead strong but widely and completely interrupted medially; surface smooth, minutely, sparsely punctate laterad, the oblique lateral fossae large and deep, the intermediate rounded and external, the space between the two T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 5o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA fossae deeply rugose; median fossa deep, broadly impressed, acute along the bottom and extending from apex nearly to the base; scutellum impressed and rugulose along the middle, elsewhere sculp- tureless; elytra fully a fourth longer than wide and more than three-fourths wider than the prothorax, cuneiform, the lateral edge and next costa inflated basally, the humeri much exposed basally, rounded, tumid and polished, the costse strong, smooth, about thirteen in number, the intervals sulciform and equal to the costse, only very minutely, transversely marked at the bottom; pygidium having unusually little slope, convex, very tumid at tip, the apex rapidly and deeply convex to the lower margin, the transverse scratches rather coarse, deep and interlacing but not very close; ante- rior tibiae with the external tooth obtuse but rather large, the posterior longer than the femora or tarsi, almost evenly, gradually thickened from base to apex. Length (9) 13.5 mm.; width 6.3 mm. Hon- duras (San Pedro Sula) *aterrima n. sp. Head coarsely and closely punctate near the base as usual and densely and more or less coarsely punctato-rugulose throughout elsewhere, the eyes similarly small and not in the least prominent, but with smaller and less elevated anterior canthus, the clypeus always trapezoidal, with less parallel sides and more broadly rounded angles; short transverse lines at the bottom of the elytral sulci con- fused and indefinite in pimalis and prolixella 3 3 — Pygidium moderately sloping, at an angle of about 45° 4 Pygidium much more nearly vertical 6 4 — Scutellum closely and rather strongly punctate; prothorax shorter, transverse. Body subrhombiform, shining, black, the head near the eyes and the sides of the pronotum bright metallic cupreous to green; elytra pale, with black ridges; legs black, the hind femora opalescent, testaceous, black beneath; head moderate, the clypeus barely twice as wide as long, almost semi-elliptical, the surface flat, the edges throughout moderately though distinctly reflexed; prothorax two-fifths wider than long, the apical angles prominent and acute, the basal broadly rounded; basal bead entire but finer medially; surface sparsely and moderately punctate anteriorly and laterally; punctures fine, very feeble and sparse elsewhere, the median sulcus obsolescent near the apex and gradually toward base, the two lateral fossae deep and large, the intermediate external impression not distinct; elytra slightly elongate and moderately cuneiform, the ridges equal and rather sharply convex, the sulci very distinctly, transversely lineate at the bottom, becoming unusually distinctly punctate laterad, the outer margin very moderately thickened basally; pygidium with the transverse interlacing lines unusually close-set, in profile rapidly descending to the lower margin apically; external tooth of the anterior tibiae extremely feeble and obtuse and at a much greater distance from the apex than in the preceding, the hind tibiae similar in shape but not so long or thick, barely at all longer than the femora. Length (9) 10.4 mm.; width 4.4 mm. Mexico (Cuernavaca, Morelos), — Wickham. *mediocris n. sp. RUTELIN^: 51 Scutellum more or less sparsely punctate, the prothorax almost as long as wide 5 5 — Form more abbreviated and rhombiform, shining, the type dark tes- taceous throughout, the elytra rather more pallid, the head and pro- notum with feeble violaceous lustre, the latter blackish along the sulcus; legs pale, the hind tarsi blackish, the hind femora more flavate; head scarcely half as wide as the prothorax, unusually coarsely and deeply punctato-rugose, the sculpture abruptly sub- obsolete near the eyes; clypeus moderately reflexed and submetallic peripherally; antennae black, the club not as long as the five pre- ceding joints; prothorax a fifth or sixth wider than long, the sides feebly subprominent near the apex, the basal angles moderately rounded, the apical blunt at tip; basal bead strong, very narrowly interrupted at the middle; surface deeply sulcate medially from apex nearly to the base, moderately and rather sparsely punctate, more strongly laterad, the oblique fossae strong, the surface between them rugose, the external pit distinct; scutellum sparsely and un- evenly but distinctly punctate, the sulcus wanting except post- medially; elytra barely longer than wide, rather less than one-half wider than the prothorax, unusually rapidly narrowing and with arcuate sides from base to apex, the lateral edge and next ridge swollen basally; ridges equal discally, the sulci with distinct trans- verse lines across the bottom; pygidium in profile evenly sloping, becoming vertical at tip through an unusually short distance or feebly pointedly tumid only very near the apex, the surface very shining, glabrous, the transverse sculpture shallow, rather fine and much less close-set than in the preceding. Length (9) 12.0 mm.; width 5.3 mm. Nicaragua (Omitepe), — Shimek. *convergens n. sp. Form more oblong-oval, shining, deep black, the legs partially rufescent, the hind femora pale on the upper margin and in a slender lateral streak basally; head feebly metallic, slightly pallescent anteriorly; pronotum deep black, without trace of metallic lustre, the elytra wholly pale yellow-brown; head feebly convex, discretely punctate basally, the clypeus less than twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, with rounded angles and very feebly reflexed edges; antennal club oval, a little longer than the five preceding joints; prothorax very nearly as long as wide, the sides almost evenly, feebly arcuate, the prominent apical angles but finely blunt at tip, the basal broadly rounded, the basal bead strong, widely and completely effaced medially; surface smooth, with rather close moderate punctures at the apical margin, a little coarser at the sides, elsewhere subobsolete, the fossae large, deep and smooth, the external pit confluent with the posterior fossa; scutellum with a shallow rugulose sulcus, elsewhere minutely, very sparsely punctate; elytra large, a third longer than wide, gradually moderately cuneiform, with broadly arcuate sides, the edge thickened basally, not quite one-half wider than the pro- thorax, very evenly costate and sulcate, the transverse lines at the bottom of the sulci very even and distinct; pygidium shining, the transverse lines straight, very deep, rather coarse, moderately separated and not interlacing, the erect pale hairs stiff and sparse; 52 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA apex comically prominent in profile; tooth of the anterior tibiae obtuse but very distinct; hind tibiae distinctly longer than the femora or tarsi. Length (9) 12.3 mm.; width 5.7 mm. Mexico (Pte. de Ixtla, Morelos), — Wickham *morelosana n. sp. 6 — Basal bead of the pronotum completely and moderately widely effaced at the middle. Body deep shining black, without metallic lustre, the pronotum blue-black, the elytral sulci pale at the bottom, the very uniform costaa deep black and polished; legs deep black, the hind femora flavate, black in less than lower half; head nearly as in the preceding but a little smaller, barely half as wide as the pro- thorax, the clypeus black, relatively larger, with rather less rounded angles, the edges similarly very moderately reflexed; antennal club shorter, more oval and distinctly shorter than the preceding five joints; prothorax but little shorter than wide, the feebly arcuate sides becoming slightly sinuate apically, where the angles are very acute and prominent, the basal very obtuse and rounded; surface medially sulcate as in the preceding, but with the sulcus attaining basal sixth; in the type of morelosana it abruptly terminates a little behind the middle and thence to the base is continued by a fine incised line; lateral fossae as in the preceding but with the inter- vening ridge very rugose; punctures stronger and much more nu- merous, small, feeble and sparse medially, rather coarse and close laterally; scutellum with rather small but deep, sparse punctures, the sulcus obliterated before the middle; elytra nearly as in the preceding; pygidium much more arcuate and more deflexed in profile, very obtusely tumid apically, shining, with shorter and still sparser erect pale hairs, the sculpture much more feeble, the lines well separated, more interlacing than in morelosana; anterior tibiae with the external tooth small but distinct, triangular; hind tibiae still longer. Length (9 ) n.8 mm.; width 6. 2 mm. Mexico (Rio Balsas, Guerrero), — Wickham *radula n. sp. Basal bead of the pronotum finer but entire, not at all interrupted medially 7 7 — Form decidedly stout, black, the met-episterna and hind femora pallid and with opalescent metallic lustre, the latter black along the lower edge; head and pronotum black, with strong metallic lustre, the latter more or less pale and with brighter lustre laterally; elytra pale, with the ridges black; head half as wide as the prothorax, coarsely and rather loosely punctato-rugose, the clypeus trapezoidal, with moderately rounded angles and with the edges throughout abruptly and rather strongly reflexed; antennal club fully as long as the five preceding joints; ligula shining and perfectly flat; prothorax rather small, slightly shorter than wide, the sides parallel and feebly arcuate in basal two-thirds, then converging and straight or feebly sinuate to the very acute and prominent apical angles, the basal moderately rounded; surface rather coarsely, not very closely punctate, more finely and sparsely medially, except apically, the sulcus extending from apex to well behind the middle, the lateral fossae deep but smaller and shorter than in any of the preceding species, the sub- lateral pit rounded and isolated; pubescence long, sparse and erect, RUTELIN^: 53 distinct; scutellum sparsely punctate, not sulcate; elytra a fourth longer than wide and fully two-thirds wider than the prothorax, feebly cuneiform, with arcuate sides, the edge only slightly thickened basally, the hurneri widely exposed, tumid and shining; costae sub- even throughout, barely as wide as the deep sulci, the sculpture of the latter feeble and confused; pygidium feebly, circularly tumid at apex, moderately convex, with short sparse stiff hairs, the transverse sculpture rather fine and shallow, somewhat close, conspicuously interlacing; tooth of the anterior tibiae small and obtuse; hind tibiae barely longer than the femora. Length (9) 11.5 mm.; width 5.8 mm. Southern Arizona pimalis Csy. A — Nearly similar in habitus and coloration but not so stout and with relatively larger prothorax; head nearly similar but with the antennal club smaller, distinctly shorter than the preceding five joints; ligula deeply concave longitudinally, the bottom of the concavity more or less acute; prothorax nearly similar but with the sides more evenly arcuate, becoming gradually more con- verging before the middle; scutellum narrower, more elongate; elytra nearly similar in general character but relatively longer and narrower, not one-half wider than the prothorax, the sulcus front the humeral callus to the apex — the eighth from the suture- largely and irregularly interrupted by transverse rugae in the type; pygidium gradually more obtusely tumid apically and with the transverse interlacing sculpture much coarser, closer and deeper, the short erect hairs more numerous; tibiae nearly similar; met- episterna not paler but bright metallic green. One example has the pronotum wholly pale, with bright testaceo-aureous lustre. Length (9) 11.2-11.5 rnm.; width 5.2-5.6 mm. Southern Arizona. Four examples prolixella n. subsp. Form much narrower and relatively more evenly oval, shining, pale testaceous throughout, the head and pronotum with feeble greenish or violaceous surface lustre, the hind femora opalescent; head slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, very densely and strongly punctato-rugulose, more discretely punctate basally; clypeus twice as wide as long, with more broadly rounded angles; antennal club barely shorter than the five preceding joints; prothorax differing distinctly in outline, fully a fifth wider than long, the sides sub- parallel and very evenly, strongly arcuate throughout, gradually a little more converging apically, the apical angles prominent and very acute, the basal rounded; median lobe of the base relatively much wider than in the two preceding; surface sparsely punctate, more coarsely but shallowly laterally, the median sulcus shallow, extending from near the apex to a little behind the middle; oblique lateral fossae less deep than in any of the preceding, the sublateral pit isolated; scutellum rather wider than long, sharply cordiform, finely, sparsely punctate and not sulcate; elytra about a fourth longer than wide, almost parallel, the sides feebly arcuate and but slightly converging, more abruptly and broadly obtuse at the bi- lobate apex than usual, the lateral edge thickened basally, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, the ridges even throughout, rather nar- 54 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA rower than the deep sulci, the bottoms of which are crossed by regular transverse lines; pygidium evenly convex, not gradually more tumid apically, shining, having very short sparse stiff hairs, the transverse lines moderately close, nearly straight, shorter, coarser and deeper than in the preceding and not interlacing; tooth of the anterior tibiae short and broadly obtuse. Length (9) 10.7 mm.; width 5.1 mm. Southern Arizona. A single example subrutilans n. sp. 8 — Elytral ridges of equal elevation throughout the width as in the preceding section 9 Elytral ridges unequal in prominence, 'the fourth and eighth evidently more elevated; body narrow and elongate-oval, frequently of rather small size 1 1 9 — Fourth ridge from the suture about twice as wide as any of the others; body very stout, black, shining, the abdomen piceous; hind femora pallid and opalescent on the upper side; pronotum with metallic lustre, the head and scutellum without such lustre, the elytra dark brownish-flavate, a few of the lateral ridges darker, the pygidium rufescent basally; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, coarsely, very densely punctato-rugose and dull, the clypeus large, trapezoidal, with broadly rounded angles, the edges broadly but very moder- ately reflexed; antennal club a little shorter than the preceding five joints; occiput at base greenish in lustre; prothorax large, trapezoidal, one-half wider than long, the sides nearly straight, feebly subpromi- nent near apical third, the prominent apical angles slightly blunt at apex, the basal rounded; surface very shining, strongly punctate, coarsely and rather closely toward the sides, sparsely and more feebly medially, the sulcus narrow and barely traceable in about apical half, the lateral fossae obsolete or barely traceable; pubescence coarse, ;sparse and erect; basal bead almost obsolete at the middle; scutellum densely punctato-rugulose and dull, shining and smooth at the edges; •elytra barely a third wider than the prothorax, a fourth longer than •wide, feebly cuneiform, with broadly rounded sides, the lateral -edge much thickened basally in a vertical sense only; fourth costa coarsely and confusedly punctate, except basally; pygidium feebly convex, tumid medially near the apex, the fine interlacing lines widely separated anteriorly, close apically, the erect hairs rather numerous and not very coarse; tooth of the anterior tibiae strong and triangular; hind tibiae equal in length to the femora. Length (9) 12.3 mm.; width 6.4 mm. Kansas obesula n. sp. A — Somewhat similar to the preceding and with black under surface, but with the legs and pygidium very pale in color throughout, the hind femora infumate on the lower edge; head nearly similar but smaller, black, the clypeus with less broadly rounded angles, the suture similarly distinct; prothorax pale, with a large blackish discal area distant from the base, otherwise nearly similar and with obsolete impressions, the basal bead distinct medially and the sides at apical third much more prominent; scutellum nearly similar, less transverse, not quite so densely scabrous; elytra wholly very pale in color, but little longer than wide, more narrowed posteriorly and with the wide fourth costa very smooth and R.UTELIN/E 55 polished throughout, without trace of the very coarse close sculp- ture seen in obesula; pygidium feebly but more evenly convex and with the subapical prominence very feeble and obtuse. Length (9 ) 10.8 mm.; width 5.6 mm. Kansas. . . . quarternaria n. subsp. Fourth elytral ridge not differing from the others 10 10 — Body larger in size and generally dark in color. Black throughout, the pronotum with feeble paler tints laterally, the bottoms of the elytral sulci pale and the hind femora flavescent to wholly dark red-brown above, black beneath, with entirely pale legs, excepting the lower edge of the hind femora, the met-episterna always pal- lescent and submetallic, the pronotum brightly metallic toward the sides, this pale area gradually contracting to the middle of the base; head black and dull, densely sculptured, greenish at base, the clypeus nearly as in obesula; prothorax large, trapezoidal, one-half wider than long, smooth and very shining, the punctures everywhere very sparse and not coarse, sometimes a little closer near the sides, the basal bead always entire; median sulcus fine and very feeble, ob- solete basally, the lateral fossae rather deep and distinct but much smaller in size than in the first section of the genus, the deep rounded sublateral pit widely isolated; scutellum irregularly and in part densely punctate, the punctures shallow, almost punctureless toward base; elytra notably elongate, two-fifths longer than wide, not quite one-half wider than the prothorax, feebly cuneiform, with arcuate sides, the edge vertically expanded basally; transverse lines at the bottom of the sulci rather feebly defined ; pygidium almost evenly, feebly convex, shining, not tumid near the apex, the trans- verse irregular sculpture not dense and less interlacing than in the preceding; anterior tibiae with the tooth at about the base of the apical process. Length (9) 10.8-11.8 mm.; width 5.4-5.8 mm. Texas. Six examples. texana n. sp. Body smaller but almost similarly stout in form. Black, the met-epi- sterna pallescent, the hind femora with a large apical spot toward the upper side pale; pronotum metallic and sometimes pale laterally; head nearly as in the preceding but more shining; prothorax generally rather less than one-half wider than long, trapezoidal, the sides feebly prominent near apical third, thence straight to very feebly sinuate to the acute tip of the prominent apical angles, the basal moderately rounded; surface variably, generally rather strongly but not densely punctate, the sulcus very feeble, obsolete at apex and basally, the lateral fossae usually evident though small and shallow; scutellum discretely though closely and shallowly punctate; elytra much shorter than in texana, about a fourth longer than wide, rather distinctly tapering, with arcuate sides, always pale tawny-flavate in color; pygidium with the transverse interlacing sculpture rather strong and somewhat close-set throughout, distinctly tumid medially near the apex. Male smaller and slightly narrower than the female, the elytra frequently infumate laterally, the pronotum more closely and con- spicuously punctate though similarly metallic near the sides and with the erect stiff pubescence closer; pygidium similar. Length (c?) 8.0-10.0 (9 ) 9.2-11.0 mm.; width (cf ) 3.8-4.8, (9 ) 5.0-5.8 mm. 56 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA New Jersey and Canada to Kansas. Very abundant, the males between a third and half as numerous as the females. [Melolontha arboricola Fabr.] arboricola Fabr. A — Similar but a little smaller and rather notably less stout, especially in the female, similar in coloration and with the prothorax of the female nearly similar, being moderately pubescent, shining be- tween the punctures and metallic laterally, but differing very much in the pronotum of the male, which is entirely black, without metallic lustre and with the erect pubescence longer, paler and much denser, being very conspicuous; in both sexes the pygidium differs in being duller, more closely sculptured, more pubescent and with the subapical tumidity very much more obtuse and in- distinct. Length (c?) 9.0-9.2, (?) 9.0-10.5 mm.; width (cf) 4.5, (9) 4.2-5.0 mm. Rhode Island (Watch Hill). Three males and seven females puritana n. subsp. B — Nearly similar to arboricola but a little smaller and more oblong, the elytra being almost parallel, the pygidium nearly similar and with distinct subapical tumidity, but more angulate at apex; prothorax more densely sculptured in the male but with the erect pubescence nearly similar and not so dense or conspicuous as in puritana; female dimorphic in color, entirely pale or black, in the latter case having the pronotum pale at the sides, but the summits of all the elytral ridges are black. Length (cf) 9.0, (9) 7.8-9.2 mm.; width (cf) 4.2, (9) 3-9~5-O mm. Virginia (Nelson Co.). One male and seven pale and seven dark females. virginica n. subsp. C — General outline as in arboricola but shorter and much smaller, similar in coloration, except that the elytra are rather paler flavate; head and prothorax nearly similar, the sparse punctures of the latter rather smaller and feebler and the lateral fossae somewhat feebler, in fact almost vestigial; elytra differing greatly, barely at all longer than wide and more feebly cuneiform, irregular in sculp- ture, the fourth and eighth ridges slightly wider, the eighth with a single series of coarse punctures, space between the first and fourth ridges with two fine ridges, separated by a row of large and deep, impressed punctures; pygidium closely and intricately transverso-lineate, the subapical tumidity less distinctly defined; antennal club very small, barely twice as long as thick, oval. Length (9 ) 8.2 mm.; width 4. 8 mm. New Jersey. One specimen. irregularis n. subsp. Body in form as in arboricola. Head, pronotum and scutellum bright green, the second with pale side margins, the legs pale, with greenish lustre, the front and middle femora entirely, and the lower half of the hind femora, of a bluish black; body pale testaceous, the under surface black, the pygidium, tarsi and upper half of the hind femora testaceous, with greenish lustre; elytra pale, the suture greenish, the lateral costae piceous; head coarsely and densely punctate, the clypeal suture obliterated, the edges moderately reflexed; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the sides feebly arcuate; apical angles subacute, the basal rounded; surface coarsely punctate, densely R.UTELI1SME 57 laterad, slightly more sparsely medially, with a few intermingled finer punctures; pubescence moderately long, erect; median sulcus impressed but not attaining base or apex, the lateral fossae distinct; scutellum irregularly punctate, the punctures finer than those of the pronotum; elytra one-half longer than wide, feebly and arcuately narrowing posteriorly, the surface striato-sulcate, the punctures of the sulci large and shallow; intervals very convex, as wide as the striae; pygidium transversely rugose, sparsely hairy. Length (cf) 9 mm. New Mexico viridicollis Schf. Body much more slender and elongate-oval than in arboricola. Color black above and beneath, the pronotum broadly feebly pallescent laterally, the pygidium piceous; legs dark piceo-rufous, the hind femora uniform in color and but slightly less dark, though with a somewhat violaceous lustre; pronotum feebly metallic; head nearly as in arboricola but with the eyes much more convex and prominent than in any of the preceding forms, separated by barely five times their width; antennal club small; prothorax barely two-thirds wider than the head and but very little wider than long, the sides parallel and nearly straight in basal three-fifths, thence converging to the slightly blunt but prominent apical angles, the basal moderately rounded; basal bead entire; surface smooth, very shining, sparsely and finely punctate, the median sulcus and lateral oblique fossae obsolete; pubescence sparse, coarse and erect; scutellum rather short, more closely and more strongly punctate than the pronotum; elytra two-fifths longer than wide, subparallel, the sides broadly arcuato-convergent in posterior half, evenly very pale in color, the sulci even but rather less deep and more strongly punctured than usual, the costae about equal to the sulci, except the eighth and ninth, which are united and bear a series of coarse deep punctures; second sulcus from the lateral margin very coarse and deep, divided pos- teriorly by the usual narrow ridge; pygidial sculpture fine, rather close and shallow, transversely intricate, the subapical tumidity obtuse; tooth of the anterior tibiae broad but short and very obtuse; hind tibiae a little longer than the femora. Length (9) 9.0 mm.; width 4.0 mm. A single example unlabeled in the Levette collection. angustula n. sp. II — Form narrowly elongate-oval, rather shining, deep black beneath, the pygidium blue-black; legs and tarsi black, the upper half of the hind femora flavate; head basally and the pronotum with strong greenish lustre, the latter testaceous at the sides, narrowly so toward base; scutellum black, without metallic lustre; elytra flavate-brown, all the costae black, pale basally; head and eyes nearly as in arboricola, the edges of the clypeus broadly but extremely feebly reflexed; antennal club deep shining black, fully as long as the preceding five joints; prothorax transverse, fully one-half wider than long, the sides evenly and broadly arcuate, but slightly more converging apically, the prominent apical angles rather sharply defined, the basal rounded, the basal bead sharp and entire; surface with moder- ate but deep sparse punctures, becoming coarse and close laterad, the sulcus shallow, not complete, the oblique lateral fossae evident 58 MEMOIRS ox THE COLEOPTERA but not deep, the lateral pit isolated; pubescence wanting in the type; scutellum finely, sparsely punctate; elytra fully two-fifths longer than wide, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, feebly cuneiform, with broadly arcuate sides, the edge sinuate slightly behind the base; costse 2-3-5-6-8 and 9 much finer than the sulci and smaller and less elevated than 4 and 7, the punctures coarse but shallow and not well defined; pygidium with rather close and fine, transversely interlacing lines, moderately tumid subapically; tooth of the anterior tibiae near the base of the process, very short and broad and so obtuse as to be virtually rounded; hind legs long. Length (cf) 10.0 mm.; width 4.7 mm. Mexico (Colonia Garcia, Sierra Madre Mts., Chihuahua), — Townsend *sonorica n. sp. The variations in form and continuity of the basal thoracic bead, alluded to above under several species, is a very useful and distinct indication of specific difference that does not seem to have been noticed by Mr. Bates in dealing with the numerous Mexican species, many of which he unites under the name sulcipennis Burm. This species, as described by Burmeister, I do not seem to have at present, but pimalis approaches it rather closely in its metallic coloring, though specifically different; it is in no way closely allied to arbori- cola as stated in the check-list of Mr. Henshaw. I have not seen viridicollis Schf., and draw the above characters from his original description. A specimen before me from New Mexico seems so close to it, however, that it is better not to define it at present; it is 8 mm. in length, much more slender, and more narrowly oval than arboricola and has costse 4 and 7 more elevated than the others as in sonorica; it agrees completely with the coloration of viridicollis as described by Schaeffer, but the prothorax seems to be much less transverse, being only a third wider than long and the lateral fossae are almost obsolete. Irregularis is a singular form and for some time I was under the impression that it might be nothing more than a deformed specimen of arboricola, but the elytral sculpture between the first and fourth costae and elsewhere, as described, is so peculiar that I have ventured to define it and assign it a place subordinate to arboricola provisionally; the very small antennal club was an important factor in reaching this decision. The somewhat prominent convex eyes of angustula constitute a remarkable feature of that distinct species, the exact habitat of which is unknown at present; it is unlike arboricola in habitus, though nearly similar in coloration. R.UTELIN/E 59 Strigodermella n. gen. The genus Strigoderma, as considered by Bates, includes four or five different generic groups, of which I would suggest one dismember- ment under the above name. The species are of very small size and, because of their oblong form and deficient elytral striation, have a markedly different habitus from the larger species of the preceding genus, which have closely and regularly sulcate elytra. Besides this the ligula is relatively longer and flat, while in Strigoderma it is generally more or less concave; in pimalis, however, it is flat. The intermesocoxal space is variable in degree of tumidity. We have but one species as follows: Form oblong, moderately convex, shining, black throughout, the anterior parts above with feeble violaceou? or greenish lustre; elytra entirely black, except about three small pale spots on each, to entirely pale with the suture black and the external margin and a few small discal spots brownish; head densely punctato-rugose, the clypeus not quite parallel, rectilinearly truncate, with rather narrowly rounded angles, the edges rather strongly reflexed, the surface flat, the suture fine but deep and distinct; eyes very moderate, not prominent; antennal club not quite as long as the entire stem; prothorax two-fifths wider than long, the sides obtusely prominent before the middle, thence nearly straight and parallel to feebly converging to the base, converging apically, the prominent angles blunt at tip, the basal slightly more than right but only narrowly rounded; base medially lobed, the bead coarse and entire; surface evenly and moderately convex, not coarsely, irregularly punctate, sparsely medially, more closely antero-sublaterally, where the inter- spaces have also minute and very close punctulation, generally extending obliquely toward the middle of the base; scutellum closely but discretely, rather deeply punctate; elytra as wide as long, very broadly rounded at apex, parallel, with slightly arcuate sides and a little wider than the prothorax, the coarse though shallow striae about seven in total number, closely but not deeply punctate, uneven laterally; pygidium with loose, feeble and irregular sculpture, tumid subcentrally; tooth of the anterior tibiae acute and well developed, near the base of the reflexed and gradually acute apical process; hind tibiae shorter than the femora or tarsi; intermesocoxal surface in the form of a narrow ridge. Length (cf) 4.6-5.2 mm.; width 2.6-2.9 mm. New Jersey to Florida. Very abundant. [Melolontha pygmcea Fabr.] pygmaea Fabr. All of the very numerous examples in my collection seem to be males and I have therefore not recognized the female, but in the allied though notably different marginata Oliv., of Central America, the sexual differences are very pronounced but were not alluded to 6o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA by Mr. Bates. This species differs from pygmcsa in its larger size, in having two short deep oblique fossae at each side of the shining pronotum and in having the intermesocoxal surface more strongly and pronouncedly tuberculiform. The male has the elytra almost invariably pale throughout but black along the external margin, and the elytral striae are extremely feebly, broadly impressed and very finely and feebly punctate ; in the female the elytra are black, with two large transverse, sometimes confluent, pale areas and the striae are very deep and sulciform and are coarsely, deeply punctate. The series before me consists of three males and four females, taken by Shimek at Mt. Ometepe, Nicaragua, at an elevation of 4000 ft. Intermedius Bates, of which I have an example from Guatemala, much more closely resembles our pygmcea, having the pronotum more densely punctate than in marginata and without the small lateral fossae. The Strigoderma exigua of Schwarz, given under Strigoderma in the lists, has been described (ante p. 39) under Anomala.* * Dr. Ohaus gives a long description (Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1905, p. 285) of a Florida species, which was thought by Schaeffer to be the same as pygmcea because no mention of the latter was made under the original description. As I do not certainly know the female of pygmcea and as the female of marginata is known to differ from the male in having deeply sulcate elytra, it may be possible that floridana Ohaus, which was said by the author to be founded upon the male, may in reality be the female of pygmcsa. The description of Dr. Ohaus is essentially as follows: Strigoderma floridana Ohaus. — Obscure greenish in color, slightly shining, the elytra deep black, with a large yellow spot at each side behind the scutellum and a transverse series of small yellow spots near the hind margin; clypeus quadrate, only slightly wider than long, the edges strongly reflexed, the surface somewhat concave and, like the front, feebly shining, thickly and strongly punctured and sparsely hairy, the occiput more finely punctate; prothorax strongly convex, widest before the middle, the sides converging posteriorly, the angles obtuse, the surface everywhere thickly and finely punctate, slightly shining, with intermingled deep punctures and with short fine yellowish hairs; scutellum relatively large, sculptured like the pronotum; elytra evenly and deeply sulcate, the punctures of the sulci annular, the series five in number between the suture and humeri, the entire surface with very fine punctures and transverse rugulosities, slightly shining, sparsely and briefly hairy; the vertical convex pygidium is indented at the middle and has feeble scratches; it is somewhat shining and sparsely hairy; legs short and stout, the external tooth of the anterior tibia near the terminal process; male with the larger claw of the intermediate tarsi thickened and elongated, scarcely visibly cleft. Length (cf ) 5-5 mm.; width 3.0 mm. Florida (Titusville). The size of the type is somewhat larger than in any of a large series of pygmcea before me, although the author states that floridana is the smallest Strigodermid known to him. The evidence seems at least to suggest that floridana is the female of pygmcea. RUTELIISLE 6l Alamona n. gen. In this genus the ascending mes-epimera are slender and the tumidity of the mesosternum between the coxae small, not at all pronounced and it is anteriorly pubescent. The body is stout, oblong, the pronotum devoid of any trace of lateral fossae or medial sulcus, the ligula moderate in size, somewhat trapezoidal and con- cave and the subquadrate elytra have about thirteen feeble striae. The tooth of the anterior tibiae is very large, acute and conspicuous and, as a primary distinguishing feature, the hind tibiae are very short, stout and rapidly obconic. The larger claw of the anterior male tarsi is of the usual type in the Strigodermids, being stout, with the upper ramus very small, short and slender. We ap- parently have two species, which may be defined as follows, the type being parviceps: Body stout, oblong, convex, moderately shining, black beneath, the legs piceous, the hind femora paler; head, pronotum and scutellum nearly black, with moderate violaceous lustre, the sides of the pronotum pallid and also the basal margin medially, the elytra pale and bright tawny-flavate, with an inferior streak behind the humeral callus and the side margin posteriorly and also at base, blackish; head notably small, much less than half as wide as the prothorax, densely punctato- rugose, the clypeus less than twice as wide as long, flat, with moder- ately reflexed edges, rather broadly rounded angles and sides diverg- ing but slightly basally, the suture fine but very distinct: eyes small, not prominent; antennal club evidently shorter than the stem; prothorax less than one-half wider than long, the sides parallel and nearly straight, becoming strongly convergent and nearly straight in apical third to the rather sharply defined and moderately promi- nent angles, the basal angles nearly right and scarcely more than blunt; base lobed medially and with an entire bead; surface rather coarsely but shallowly and closely punctate throughout, except along the smooth flat punctureless median line attaining base but not the apex; pubescence erect, rather abundant and gray; scutellum punc- tate except broadly along the middle; elytra glabrous, quadrate, barely as long as wide, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, the sides parallel and arcuate, more rounded broadly around the humeri, the apex broadly arcuate in about posterior third; surface shining but rugulose, the striae feebly impressed, distinctly but not deeply punctate, the coarse post-humeral dark streak more impressed and scabrous; pygidium large, convex, shining, sparsely pubescent and with fine loose superficial sculpture; under surface and femora with abundance of long erect pale hairs; hind tibiae very much shorter than the femora or tarsi, distinctly less than twice as long as wide. Length (cf ) 8.0 mm.; width 4.7 mm. Texas (Del Rio), — Wickham. parviceps n. sp. 62 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Body in form somewhat as in pygmcea but larger; elytra dark brown to fulvous; head and pronotum brownish-metallic, in the paler examples with the side margins of the latter also pale; head and clypeus coarsely and densely punctate; clypeus with the edges moderately reflexed, the suture impressed; prothorax twice as wide as long, the sides arcuate slightly before the middle, parallel behind, obliquely converging to the anterior angles, which are right; surface coarsely and rather densely punctate, feebly impressed on each side, sparsely clothed with moderately long pale hairs; scutellum with a few coarse and irregularly distributed punctures; elytra slightly longer than wide, feebly arcuate at the sides, the three or four striae nearest the suture regular, the others more or less confused, rather coarsely punctate; pygidium rugose; hind tibiae wide and short, about twice as long as the apical thickness; last abdominal segment finely and densely punctulate, the other segments much more coarsely and sparsely; under surface and legs sparsely pubescent, the hairs cinereous. Length (cf) 8 mm. Texas (Galveston). Taken by Prof. Snow. [Strigoderma latitibia Schf.j latitibia Schf. The comparative dimensions of the prothorax and elytra in latitibia, would have to be grossly misstated in the description, above quoted from the original, in order to bring it into any decided harmony with parviceps and I have no doubt that the two species are different. The elytral striae in parviceps are all regular and clearly defined. The climatic conditions of Galveston and Del Rio are radically unlike, the one being very moist and the other exceed- ingly dry and arid. The genus Alamona is more closely allied to Epectinaspis than to Strigoderma but is not identical. Epectinaspis Blanch. I am not quite certain that all the species described below belong truly to the genus Epectinaspis, for the statement by Bates that the clypeus in that genus is long and quadrate, will not apply to them. The clypeus in these species is of the normal transversality and differs from that characterizing other generic types, in being arcuately inflated at the sides and more or less constricted at base. The abnormal second group of Strigoderma, in the arrange- ment of Mr. Bates, seems to include nothing similar in the form of the clypeus nor in the general habitus of the body, as shown by the figures on the plate. The species in my collection, all of which have the middle coxae approximate and the mesosternum narrow and non-tuberculate, are as follows: Pronotum finely, extremely densely sculptured and opaque 2 Pronotum shining and discretely punctate 3 RUTELIN/E 63 2 — Form short, oblong, rather flattened above, deep black through every part of the body and legs, the elytra opaculate; under surface and legs shining; head less than half as wide as the prothorax, finely, densely punctato-rugulose and slightly shining, the clypeus slightly less than twice as wide as long, the parallel sides strongly rounded, the contour thence unbrokenly but more broadly rounded across the apex, the base notably constricted; its surface is deeply concave, with very broadly and strongly reflexed edges in about apical half, the suture very fine; eyes small, not prominent; antennal club short, oval, not as long as the five preceding joints; ligula large, excavated medially toward apex; prothorax large, barely a third wider than long, inflated at the middle, the sides thence feebly converging and straight to the base and strongly converging and subsinuate to the extremely acute and prominent apical angles, the basal slightly more than right but not rounded, only slightly blunt at their apices; basal lobe very broad and indefinite, the bead fine and entire; surface very evenly convex, without impressions or modified median line, extremely densely and finely punctulato-rugulose throughout and clothed rather conspicuously with erect whitish pubescence; scutel- lum scabrous, with polished edges; elytra quadrate, a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax, parallel, scarcely visibly longer than wide, very broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, the sides broadly arcuate; surface with a sutural and two discal convex costules, the broad space between the sutural and first discal flat, closely, strongly and con- fusedly punctate broadly, that between the two discal, elevated me- dially, the ridge bearing a single series of very coarse and close-set punctures ; humeral interval also bearing a regular series of punctures, which become broadly diffused over the humeral callus; submarginal interval strongly elevated; sulci all distinctly punctate; pygidium convex, extremely densely, finely punctulato-rugulose; hind tibiae rather thick, not surate; external tooth of the anterior acute and distinct; middle coxae very approximate, the intervening surface not at all prominent. Male with the larger anterior claw stout, gradually arcuately aciculate, the upper ramus very short and slender. Length (c?) 8.7 mm.; width 5.0 mm. Costa Rica (Chiri- qui) . *quadripennis n. sp. Form more elongate and convex, subpyriform; under surface black, with shining greenish lustre, the abdomen rufescent; legs blackish to piceo-flavate; head black, small, two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, rather coarsely and moderately densely punctato-rugose; clypeus flat, gradually and very feebly reflexed peripherally, broadly arcuate at apex, with rounded angles, the sides parallel, broadly arcuate to straight, the fine suture evident; antennae rather small; eyes not at all prominent; prothorax large, two-fifths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded medially, thence straight and parallel basally and converging and straight to the very acute prominent apical angles, the basal slightly more than right, not rounded; basal lobe feeble, the bead fine, entire, the surface rising convexly from it to the general level; surface evenly and strongly convex, not at all impressed, without modified median line and extremely densely and finely 64 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA punctulato-rugulose, becoming rather coarsely, shallowly punctate at the sides basally, clothed very inconspicuously with short erect dark gray hairs; scutellum scabrous, with shining edges, black, with feeble greenish tinge, the pronotum also black with greenish opaque lustre, generally irregularly pale along the sides and base; elytra oblong, parallel, very rapidly obtusely rounded at apex, a fourth or fifth wider than the prothorax and slightly longer than wide, either wholly black with feebly pallescent suture or pallescent laterally, at each side of the scutellum and broadly along the suture posteriorly; sides feebly arcuate; epipleura pale; sculpture as in the preceding but rather less coarse and with the entire surface shining, glabrous; pygidium pallescent, broadly tumid below the middle, having very dense and intricately rugulose sculpture but less fine than in the preceding; hind tibiae (9) only moderately stout. Length (9) 9.5-10.8 mm.; width 5.6-6.2 mm. Mexico (Cuernavaca, Morelos), — Wickham *densicollis n. sp. 3 — Body somewhat as in the preceding in general outline and convexity but shining throughout; head not half as wide as the prothorax, black, feebly shining, closely but rather discretely punctate, more coarsely basally, the front flattened; clypeus twice as wide as long, the lateral inflation very slight, the sides frequently parallel, the angles broadly rounded and the apex slightly arcuate; surface flat, gradually and very feebly reflexed peripherally, the suture deeply impressed and conspicuous, posteriorly oblique at the sides; eyes not prominent; antennal club small; prothorax two-fifths wider than long, the sides rounded at the middle, thence straight and parallel to the base and strongly converging and straight to subsinuate an- teriorly to the very acute and prominent angles, the basal angles but little more than right, not rounded; base moderately lobed, the bead entire; surface convex, rather coarsely but shallowly, irregularly but generally closely punctate, with intermingled minute punctulation, the median line broadly smooth basally, unimpressed; color black, without metallic lustre, obliquely pallescent postero-externally or throughout at the sides, more broadly basally; scutellum finely, sparsely punctate; elytra a fifth longer than wide, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, parallel and feebly arcuate at the sides, abruptly and broadly rounded at apex, coarsely and deeply sulcate, the sulci moderately and closely punctate; intervals convex, the two discal ridges not more pronounced, the space between the inner and the sutural with a single impressed irregular series of punctures, broad- ening basally, the elevation between the two discal ridges with a loose series of very coarse and irregular punctures; ridges near the sides not very conspicuous; color black, the suture and sometimes the surface basally and from the humeri posteriorly, rufescent; pygidium convex, pallid, blackish apically, finely, rather closely punctulate and with intermingled minute punctulation, the sparse hairs short and stiff; legs only moderately stout. Length (9) 9-3~9-5 mm.; width 4.8-5.3 mm. Mexico (Jalapa). Received from the Museum in the City of Mexico *nubicollis n. sp. Body much smaller, shining, pale testaceo-flavate throughout, the head RUTELIN/E 65 blackish-subcupreous, the pale pronotum with a black green-metallic spot from more than middle half of the apex, gradually narrowing to the middle of the base, the basal margin also finely blackish throughout; scutellum pale, partially metallic-green, the elytra without trace of darker coloration or metallic lustre; pygidium, under surface and legs pale, the sterna blackish; head much less than half as wide as the prothorax, rather deeply but not coarsely, densely and evenly punctate; front broadly concave; clypeus strongly arcuate at the sides, thence continuously but less strongly across the apex, moderately constricted at base, the surface deeply concave, very broadly and strongly reflexed in about apical half, the suture very fine, barely traceable; eyes as in the preceding; antennae black- ish, the club (cf) barely longer than the preceding five joints; prothorax similar in outline and convexity to that of the preceding species, the basal bead strong, entire; surface coarsely and more or less closely but shallowly punctate, with sparsely intermingled fine punctulation, the punctures very dense in a sublateral spot at basal third, which is not so pronounced in nubicollis; median line not or barely visibly impressed but becoming smooth and punctureless basally; scattered hairs short and subdecumbent: scutellum finely but deeply, loosely punctate, smooth peripherally and broadly at base; elytra barely longer than wide, only a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax, perfectly parallel, with virtually straight sides, round- ing at base, the apex abruptly very broadly rounded; striae only moderately coarse, rather deep, almost regular throughout the width, coarsely and closely punctate, nine or ten in number; intervals about equally and distinctly convex; pygidium finely, feebly and closely sculptured and with sparse, moderately long hairs. Male with the first four joints of the anterior tarsi compact and together rather shorter than the fifth, the larger claw stout, arcuate, sharply pointed, with the upper ramus very small, short and slender; posterior legs notably slender, more so than in any of the preceding female types, the hind tibiae three times as long as wide, parallel, compressed; mesosternum between the coxae very narrow and depressed. Length (cf ) 7-7 mm.; width 3.9 mm. Mexico (Jalapa), — Hoege. *gracilipes n. sp. It is possible that gracilipes may have been included in the material representing mexicana by Mr. Bates, as the same locality and^collector mentioned above are cited for a part of that material. ln"mexicana, however, the legs in the male are particularly recorded, in the description of Burmeister, as being very stout; in gracilipes they are more slender than in almost any other type of the tribe Anomalini to be recalled at present. As gracilipes seems to be closely allied to mexicana in most respects, these facts are the more remarkable and inexplicable. The type of gracilipes was received T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 66 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA from a European dealer under the name Epectinaspis mexicana Burm. There are certain facts and inferences tending to show that the tropical American genera in the vicinity of Strigoderma and Epec- tinaspis, are greatly confused and need revision. For example, in Phyllopertha tolucana and the above described Epectinaspis gracili- pes, as well probably as mexicana, the mes-epimera display no tendency to ascend before the humeri, whereas the other three species, here assigned doubtfully to Epectinaspis, have distinctly ascending mes-epimera, as recorded likewise by Bates of several species, such as moreletiana Bl., which he also places under Epec- tinaspis. The peculiar inflated form of the clypeus, so strikingly developed in gracilipes, I cannot find described by Bates as pertain- ing to any of the Central American Anomalini. In the notably slender hind legs of both sexes, Phyllopertha tolucana and Epecti- naspis gracilipes agree, but they do not agree at all in the form of the clypeus or in intermesocoxal structure, this being tuberculate in the former but depressed in the latter; we therefore have here two undescribed genera. Then the true Epectinaspis, as represented by mexicana, which appears to be similar to gracilipes in general organization but with very stout hind legs, forms another generic type. Again, we have forms with ascending mes-epimera and inflated clypeus, like the three above placed in Epectinaspis, and, finally, the aberrant forms placed in Strigoderma by Bates, which will necessitate the definition of two or three more genera. It is impossible for me to investigate this intricate subject further, because of deficiency of material. Callirhinus Blanch. The following species differs from metallescens Bl., in its smaller size and in coloration. The narrowed reflexed clypeus is very dis- tinctive. The numerous derivatives were not worked out very thoroughly by Mr. Bates, who merely gave the outlines of certain color variations; there are however, without much doubt, some true species among them. Form elongate-oval, convex, strongly shining, black throughout beneath, with feeble greenish lustre, the legs piceous to black, all the tibiae paler and testaceous; upper surface glabrous, the lower with abun- dant long whitish hairs, rather dense on the sterna; head small, R.UTELI1SLE 67 much less than half as wide as the prothorax, densely punctato- rugose, black, with green lustre and sparse punctures basally; clypeus picescent, slightly wider than long, the sides broadly sinuate, rapidly oblique from base to apex, the latter barely more than a third as wide as the base, arcuato-truncate and gradually strongly reflexed, the sides not at all reflexed, the suture straight, very dis- tinct; eyes not prominent; antennal club almost as long as the stem; prothorax about a fourth wider than long, the sides rounded medially, thence straight and parallel to the base and strongly converging to the apical angles, which are blunt at apex, the basal a little more than right and not rounded ; basal bead feeble or subobsolete at the middle; surface convex, black, with polished bright green lustre, the sides flavate; punctures strong and deep, moderately coarse, rather ir- regular and sparse; median line very feebly impressed, obsolete basally; scutellum very minutely and sparsely punctulate; elytra oblong-oval, slightly longer than wide, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, with parallel arcuate sides, very pale brownish-flavate, the sutural interval with feeble greenish lustre, the lateral edges blackish; striae barely at all impressed, regular and strongly punc- tured, thirteen in number; pygidium shining, with separated but transversely interlacing asperulate lines and with sparse, erect, silvery hairs. Male with the fifth anterior tarsal joint nearly as long as the first four, the larger claw stout, the lower part broad, obliquely truncate at apex, the upper rather thick basally, rapidly finely aciculate, about as long as the lower and, at base, about half as thick; hind tibiae feebly surate. Length (cf) 8.0 mm.; width 4.3. mm. Mexico (Guadaljiro) *reflexus n. sp. This species differs from motaUescens in its much smaller size,, very pallid elytra and strongly attenuated, gradually very reflexed' clypeus, among other characters. The figure of metallescens given by Bates, indicates a much larger head and more transverse pro- thorax than in reflexus, though with nearly similar clypeus. Tribe RUTELINI. This tribe is composed of larger, more densely chitinized and generally more brightly metallic species than the preceding and is particularly well developed in the American continents, including some of the most regally resplendent beetles of the world, belonging principally to such genera as Plusiotis, Chrysina and Chrysophora, as well as Anticheira, Ptenomala and Calomacraspis. But few of these brilliant forms extend to the northward of our Mexican boundary, and such genera as do so extend their limits, or are peculiar to the nearctic regions, may be defined as follows: Pronotum with basal beading, generally strong and distinct throughout the width. ? 68 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Pronotum without trace of such basal marginal beading; clypeus narrowed anteriorly, bilobed or bidentate at apex. (Group RUTEL.E) 7 2 — Clypeal suture obsolete medially. (Group PELIDNOT.E) 3 Clypeal suture very distinct throughout the width. (Group AREOD.E) . . 6 3 — Mandibles obtusely bidentate externally; posterior legs nearly similar in the sexes. North and South America Pelidnota Mandibles broadly though more or less unevenly rounded externally; ligula extremely short; labrum very diversely modified medially. .4 4 — Posterior legs very greatly enlarged in the male. Mexico. . Chrysina Posterior legs nearly similar in the sexes 5 5 — Head large, the reflexed prosternal process prominent. Warmer parts of North and South America Plusiotis Head small, the reflexed prosternal process inconspicuous. Sonoran. Plusiotina 6 — Clypeus transversely parallelogramic; body glabrous above, pubescent beneath. Nearctic regions east of the Rocky Mountains. . Cotalpa Clypeus semicircular, the integuments pubescent above as well as beneath. Pacific regions, eastward to the Rocky Mountains Pocalta Clypeus triangular; integuments glabrous above, coarsely and closely sculptured, pubescent beneath. Sonoran regions Parareoda 7 — Tarsal claws entire throughout; intermesocoxal surface broad, flat and anteriorly advanced to a moderate degree; upper surface of the body smooth, or with very minute sparse punctulation. Neotrop- ical regions and Florida Rutela Tarsal claws irregular, the male having the larger of the intermediate and posterior tarsi very coarsely and deeply cleft, both claws of the anterior smaller and simple; female with all the claws slender and simple; intermesocoxal surface narrow, not prominent; upper surface of the body coarsely and deeply sculptured. Atlantic nearctic regions Polymoechus All of these genera have the scutellum relatively small, in marked contrast to some of the tropical genera, such as Anticheira, where this part is enormously developed and the antennae are lo-jointed throughout, differing also in this way very markedly from the Anomalini. I have included Chrysina above among our genera, for the reason that the National Museum has the mutilated hind body of a large green species, which seems to represent the female of a Chrysina; it was found by Mr. Schwarz in southern Arizona. No further allusion to the genus than this will be made at present. Pelidnota MacL. In this genus the body is oblong-oval in form, rather convex, variably but always distinctly sculptured and glabrous above, very feebly pubescent on the sterna and with opalescent metallic lustre, or almost wholly devoid of such lustre, usually of pallid RUTELIN.E 69 coloration but, as a remarkable exception, lugubris Lee. is deep black throughout the body and legs. The clypeus is parabolic, more or less truncate at apex, the labrum short, deeply impressed medially, the ligula very short and the moderate quadrate mentum more or less impressed or declivous anteriorly; the post-coxal process of the prosternum is well developed and the flat intermeso- coxal surface is rather wide and somewhat .anteriorly projecting, though obtuse, and the meso-metasternal suture is usually evident, though always feeble. The pygidium is sometimes almost entirely covered by the elytra and the last spiracle is in or just below the dorso-ventral suture as it is in Phisiotis; it is very large and con- spicuous and the part of the suture between the spiracle and the base is obliterated. The lateral margin of the elytra is often much thickened basally in the female. The South American Odontognathus is closely allied to Pelidnota, but the ligula is more on the same plane as the mentum and is similar in its bright metallic lustre; in Pelidnota the ligula is not so evenly continuous in plane and is frequently blacker or without metallic lustre. In the follow- ing table a few Mexican species, believed to be undescribed, are included. There are three rather well defined subgeneric groups as follows: Glypeus entire 2 Clypeus emarginate and prominently bidentate 3 2 — Head smaller, never notably more than half as wide as the prothorax; body more convex, the elytra not spinose at the apical angles, though generally minutely denticulate; coloration generally non-metallic. [Type P. punctata L.] Group I Head large, always much more than half as wide as the prothorax; body much less convex and more oval, the elytra always spinulose at apex; colors more metallic. [Type P. strigosa Cast.]. ... Group II 3 — Body smaller in size, with thicker integument and more strongly metallic coloration. South American, but one species recorded from north of the Isthmus of Panama. [Type P. belli Sharp]. .Group III The species of these groups, when segregated, are visibly different in habitus and undoubtedly constitute valid subgenera, and a fuller knowledge of all the known species would probably reveal several others besides. 7o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Group I. Subgenus Pelidnota in sp. This subgenus, — that is, the typical Pelidnota — may be rather more abundantly developed in the colder than in the warmer regions of the continent. The body is oblong-oval, always rather strongly convex and diversely colored; those with yellow-brown, non- metallic coloration, having three black points on each elytron, are numerous in the nearctic regions but are wanting on the Pacific coast; they are closely allied and difficult to treat taxonomically, and have never been studied systematically thus far; the following arrangement of the forms in my collection is therefore merely pro- visional or tentative. Body pale in color above 2 Body castaneous above, the head and prothorax black, with metallic- greenish lustre 8 Body intensely black above and beneath throughout and without metallic lustre 9 2 — Head black, the clypeus and obtuse angular prolongation from the latter on the front pale 3 Head wholly pale in color, though generally slightly blackish along the upper margin of the eyes. .• 4 3 — Ligula narrower; body more cylindric, testaceous, with distinct blue- green metallic gloss, piceous beneath, with stronger greenish-metallic lustre; clypeus (cf ) triangular, with the apex slightly reflexed and truncate, barely a third as wide as the base, which is three-fourths wider than the length, the angles rounded, the surface coarsely, very densely punctate; remainder of the head also coarsely but loosely punctate to the base; prothorax convex, twice as wide as long, ob- tusely angulate at the sides just behind the middle, the sides parallel and straight thence to the obtuse and rather rounded basal angles and converging and straight to the prominent and acute apical angles, the peripheral bead very coarse and strong, entire except for a short distance at the middle of the apex; punctures rather small but deep, sparse, coarser and more close-set laterad; elytra not evidently wider than the prothorax, cylindric, obtusely rounded at apex, rather more than a fourth longer than wide, having broadly but very feebly im- pressed lines, each lineate with very small and widely spaced punc- tures, the general surface with very fine sparse punctures, the inter- spaces not sculptured; pygidium with rather coarse, mingled with finer, sculpture, basally, smooth and with very sparse fine punctures thence to the tip; femora and tibiae testaceous, each with a broad black metallic stripe along the middle of the lower face from base to apex, the tarsi pale, with the apices of the joints dark; mesosternal process unusually acuminate anteriorly. Male with the sixth ventral feebly sinuate at the middle of the apex, the pale additional segment, R.UTELIN.E 71 visible in the sinus, rounded behind. Length (cf ) 22.0 mm.; width i i.o mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) *composita n. sp. Ligula shorter and broader; body more oblong-oval and in general without metallic lustre as in 'the succeeding species: clypeus (cf ) with rounded, broadly converging sides, twice as wide as long, the apex broadly arcuato-truncate, with broadly rounded angles, about two- thirds as wide as the base and only very finely and feebly reflexed, or ( 9 ) less transverse, trapezoidal, with straighter sides and more narrowly truncate and distinctly reflexed apex, which is barely more than half as wide as the base, rather closely, strongly punctate, more finely in the male, the remainder finely and sparsely punctate, rather more strongly toward the middle of the front; antennal club shorter than the stem but not greatly so in the male, differing but little sexually; prothorax fully twice as wide as long, in outline nearly as in the preceding and with similar ambient bead, but with blunter apical, and much less rounded basal, angles, very finely and sparsely punctate, the punctures stronger, closer and more or less mingled with minute punctulation laterad; scutellum nearly smooth, entirely black with metallic gloss, to pale with metallic black margins; elytra each with three black dots, together nearly a third longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded at apex, the sides feebly arcuate, less so basally; surface minutely, remotely punctulate, with feebly defined and irregular series partially visible, the punctures suturally a little less minute, and, toward the sides, mingled more or less closely with minute feeble punctulation; under surface and legs wholly deep black with very feeble greenish lustre, the porrect mesosternal process broad and obtusely rounded at tip; pygidium with well separated transverse intermingling scratches which become sparser apically. Male with the sixth ventral nearly as in the preceding, smooth and very feebly impressed; female with the fifth ventral not modified, the sixth nearly smooth, the surface apically with two tumidities, separated by an anteriorly narrowing, moderate and but feebly sculptured concavity, the pygidial margin slightly broadened medially on its under surface as usual, the pale supplementary coriaceous seventh segment of the male not visible. Length (cf 9 ) 20.8-24.0 mm.; width 11.5-13.0 mm. New York and Virginia to Michigan and Iowa. Abundant. Males much less abundant than the females. [Scarabceus punctatus Linn.] punctata Linn. A — Similar to the preceding but larger and especially much broader, the elytra more inflated posteriorly, the anterior thoracic angles more acute an ! sharp and the basal nearly similar, the sculpture of the pronotum stronger and more confluent laterally and that of the elytra with the shallow fine sculpture toward the sides dense and almost confluent, the punctures toward the suture basally much coarser and deeper; pygidium more densely and deeply, intricately sculptured in transverse lines, the apex more narrowly rounded and the sides much more sinuate; legs dark testaceous throughout, the tarsi piceous. Female with the fifth ventral concave medially at apex, the sixth with rather close-set sculpture 72 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA of incised transverse lines throughout, the apical tumidities more widely separated than in the preceding, the tumidities with sepa- rated punctures. Length (9 ) 25.0 mm.; width 14.4 mm. Prob- ably Indiana ." strenua n. subsp. B — Similar in coloration and in the well developed elytral spots but with the body smaller in size, rather more depressed and very much more abbreviated in all its parts, the clypeus ( 9 ^ still more broadly subtruncate at apex, the prothorax shorter and broader than in any other form of the genus, fully two and one-half times as wide as long; elytra barely a fourth longer than wide, just visibly wider than the prothorax; legs shorter, the tarsi, especially, very much shorter and not so thick; pygidium densely sublinearly scabrous, the apical lobe broadly rounded, the sides of the apex sinuate. Length (9) 20.4 mm.; width 11.5 mm. Long Island. brevis n. subsp. 4 — Pronotal punctures very fine and sparse as in the preceding, the elytral series seldom at all well defined and never impressed; sixth ventral smooth in the male. Atlantic nearctic regions 5 Pronotal punctures relatively coarse and deep, the elytral series feebly impressed; sixth ventral in the male densely sculptured throughout. Tropical Atlantic South America 7 5 — Body distinctly larger in size than punctata but less stout than in strenua. Form oblong-oval, more oblong and less convex than in punctata, evenly pale red-brown in color, shining, the elytra each with a sublateral series of three black dots as usual in the American species; under surface piceous to more or less rufescent, with very feeble metallic gloss, the legs pale testaceous throughout; head (cf ) un- usually large for this subgenus, slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, with rather prominent eyes, the trapezoidal clypeus having just visibly arcuate sides, truncate and feebly reflexed apex, two-thirds as wide as the base, and broadly rounded angles; it as well as the head is sculptured very nearly as in punctata; prothorax more transverse, more than twice as wide as long, the sides almost evenly arcuate; apical angles but slightly blunt, the basal similar, the ambient bead coarser, flat and dilated at the base medially, the surface nearly similar, more densely though finely sculptured laterally, the usual blackish sublateral spot similarly nearly smooth; elytra shorter, barely at all longer than wide, very obtusely rounded at tip, behind the middle distinctly wider than the prothorax, sculptured nearly as in the preceding, the minute lateral sculpture dense, the punctures toward the suture very fine and sparse; pygidium convex, shining, with well separated anastomosing transverse scratches, smooth toward apex; mesosternal process obtuse, barely as long as wide before the suture. Male with the sixth ventral short, only a little over half as long as the fifth, with the usual medial sinuation, and exposing the pale coriaceous seventh segment; female much more elongate than the male, the elytra fully a fourth longer than wide, less obtusely rounded at apex, the fifth ventral barely at all modified, the sixth feebly and sparsely sculptured, the tumidities well separated, the concave surface between them sparsely and transversely strigilate RUTELIN^: 73 and parallel-sided. Length (cf 9) 23.0-25.0 mm.; width 12.7-13.4 mm. Louisiana oblonga n. sp. A — Nearly similar but more oval and more convex, the head ( 9 ) very nearly half as wide as the prothorax, the latter similar but with a series of fine punctures extending transversely across the median part of the apex; pygidium entire; under surface and legs black, with feeble violaceous lustre, the tarsi black, the central part of the lower hind femoral face with a feeble pallid streak, the tibiae pale, with the upper and lower surfaces black. Length (9 ) 25.5 mm.; width 13.6 mm. District of Columbia ponderella n. subsp. B — Similar to ponderella, more convex and elongate-oval than in oblonga and with an unusually small head, which is much less than half as wide as the prothorax; coloration and sculpture above nearly similar, the entire under surface deep black, with greenish lustre, the tarsi throughout black, the anterior legs pale, the intermediate and posterior with the femora partially pale and the tibiae wholly pale, except along the upper edge; pygidium black, margined beneath with flavate-brown. Female sexual characters nearly as in oblonga; in ponderella the sixth ventral is nearly similar but is more transversely impressed in front of the two posterior tumidities. Length (9 ) 23.7 mm.; width 13.5 mm. New Jersey (Atlantic City) debiliceps n. subsp. Body as in punctata in point of size, and in ornamentation as a rule, to distinctly smaller but invariably with the entire legs and tarsi pale testaceous 6 6 — Female with the sixth ventral not strongly impressed transversely, always having two distinctly defined apical tumidities, separated nearly as in punctata; hind tarsi developed as usual. Form oblong- oval, convex, shining, pale yellowish-testaceous throughout above, the elytra without trace of any of the usual six black dots, the under surface blackish, with more or less varied metallic lustre, the hind coxae pale like the legs; head and clypeus nearly as in oblonga in both sexes and sexually similar, much less than half as wide as the prothorax, the latter also similar, shorter than in punctata, much more than twice as wide as long in both sexes and with the minute sparse punctures stronger, the darker smooth sublateral spot very small; scutellum more or less metallic as usual, the margins darker; elytra a fourth longer than wide in both sexes, nearly as in punctata but with the feebly defined series of punctures generally somewhat impressed, the finer diffused punctuation rather distinct; pygidium pale throughout, with transverse, anastomosing and well spaced scratches, smoother apically, more convex in the male, with the converging lower margins less sinuate than in the female; hind tarsi three-fourths (cf) or two-thirds ( 9 ) as long as the tibiae. Length (cf 9 ) 20.5-22.5 mm.; width 11.5-12.0 mm. Florida, — the locality unrecorded. [Melolontha lutea Oliv.] lutea Oliv. A — Nearly as in lutea but smaller, still more parallel and less convex, the coloration throughout identical, except that the elytra each have two spots of the usual three though very small, the humeral obsolete in the type; head similar; prothorax also similar but still 74 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA more abbreviated, nearly two and one-half times as wide as long; elytra similar but more depressed; pygidium still more sculpture- less toward apex and with the sides more sinuate. Length (cf) 20. o mm.; width 10.7 mm. Florida (Jacksonville). brevicollis n. subsp. B — Nearly as in lutea and with similar convex surface and short transverse prothorax, which is rather more than twice as wide as long, but with the usual three black spots on each elytron, which are however smaller as a rule than in punclata; under surface blackish, largely pale peripherally throughout, the legs and pygid- ium similarly invariably pale testaceous throughout. Length (cf 9 ) 20.0-23.3 mm.; width 10.9-13.0 mm. Virginia to Mis- sissippi. Abundant pallidipes n. subsp. C — Form, size and coloration throughout nearly as in lutea but always having the three black spots on each elytron well developed; head notably smaller, the clypeus (9) more narrowly parabolic; prothorax relatively narrower and less transverse, distinctly narrower than the elytra and not quite twice as wide as long; elytra nearly similar in form and sculpture; pygidium in both sexes more narrowly rounded at apex, especially in the female, the latter sex having the apical concavity of the sixth ventral nearly as in lutea, small, deep and almost parallel-sided; hind tibiae (9 ) shorter than usual, not as long as the femora, the terminal spurs subequal. Length (cf 9 ) 20.0-21.7 mm.; width 11.3-12.2 mm. Texas (Horristo). Four examples texensis n. subsp. D — Form and coloration nearly as in texensis but a little larger, the head rather better developed and nearly half as wide as the pro- thorax, which is similarly less than twice as wide as long and evi- dently narrower than the elytra, the latter about a fourth longer than wide and with vestiges of impressed striation more evident; hind legs normal, the tibiae as long as the femora, the spurs very unequal in size; female with the apical cavity of the sixth ventral wider and shallower, its sides strongly anteriorly converging. Length (cf 9 ) 22.5 mm.; width 12.0-12.6 mm. New York (Peekskill). The male associated with the female type bears no locality label, but appears to be identical specifically. hudsonica n. subsp. Female with the sixth ventral strongly impressed transversely in about anterior half, the evenly elevated posterior part with a small median excavation, the lateral transverse parts even and not tumidiform; tarsi much smaller and more slender than usual. Form oblong, moderately convex, colored throughout as in lutea but with three well developed black dots on each elytron; head rather small, much less than half as wide as the prothorax, formed nearly as in lutea, as is also the prothorax, which is short and much more than twice as wide as long; elytra in form and sculpture nearly as in lutea and not distinctly wider than the prothorax; pygidium nearly similar; legs rather shorter and less stout; hind coxae shorter, the outer pos- terior angle more produced posteriorly. Length (9) 20.5 mm.; width 11.3 mm. New York (Peekskill) tarsalis n. sp. RUTELIN^: 75 7 — Body oblong-oval, strongly convex, moderately shining and pale luteo-flavate in color throughout above, without trace of metallic lustre, except an excessively faint glint on the pronotum; under surface and pygidium very uniform piceous-brown, with very feeble metallic lustre, the legs and tarsi uniform pale brownish-testaceous, with feeble coppery lustre; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, rather strongly but sparsely punctate, the clypeus more coarsely and confluently, broadly trapezoidal, with slightly arcuate sides, the apex feebly reflexed, truncate and barely two-fifths as wide as the base, with rounded angles as usual; eyes very moderate; antennal club a little shorter than the stem; prothorax slightly more than twice as wide as long, the sides parallel and straight basally, con- verging and nearly straight in more than apical half, broadly rounded at the turn, the apical angles moderately acute, the basal more than right but not rounded; ambient bead very thick at the sides, entire at base; surface deeply punctured, rather coarsely and closely laterad; scutellum wider than long, much rounded, minutely and remotely punctulate; elytra rather inflated and somewhat wider than the prothorax posteriorly, a fourth longer than wide, broadly, obtusely rounded at apex, the sutural angles obtuse, without trace of denti- tion; surface with very feebly and obsoletely impressed lines and widely and remotely diffused, excessively minute punctulation, the punctures of the impressed lines more evident but feeble; pygidium densely, transversely and rather coarsely vermiculato-rugose, more discretely though closely punctate at apex, nude, with a few setae at the apical margin; mesosternal process rather narrow; legs notably stout; last ventral (cf) densely sculptured in anastomosing trans- verse lines, slightly shining, the apical sinuation very feeble, the coriaceous seventh segment very short, black in color. Length (cf) 25.0 mm.; width 13.8 mm. Brazil (Para), — Baker. *testaceipes n. sp. 8 — Form briefly subcylindric, alutaceous in lustre, dark rufo-castaneous throughout, the head, pronotum and scutellum black, with greenish lustre, the tibiae and tarsi blackish, not metallic, the elytra with extremely faint violaceous lustre; head half as wide as the prothorax, with rather prominent eyes, somewhat sparsely, unevenly and ir- regularly sculptured throughout and on the clypeus, which is more opaque, short and broadly trapezoidal, the apex but very feebly reflexed and not half as wide as the base; antennae red-brown, the club not quite as long as the stem; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, notably convex, the sides broadly rounded, converging slightly basally and gradually anteriad, the apical angles prominent, the basal obtuse but not rounded, the ambient bead strong, entire at base, abruptly obliterated for a short distance medially at apex; punctures rather sparse, fine but distinct, a little stronger and closer laterad; scutellum wider than long, nearly smooth; elytra barely wider than the prothorax, parallel, with subevenly arcuate sides, abruptly very obtuse at apex, nearly a third longer than wide; sculpture micro-reticulate and with unimpressed series of small and widely spaced punctures, obsolete laterad; pygidium with transverse 76 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA interlacing wavy scratches, nearly smooth apically; mesosternal process smaller and less obtuse than in the punctata type though evident. Male with the sexual characters of punctata; legs moder- ate, the tarsi rather long. Length (cf) 18.7 mm.; width 10.0 mm. Lower California (San Jose del Cabo) lucae Lee. 9 — Body oblong-oval, convex, when mature deep shining black throughout every part of the body and legs, without metallic lustre, the antennae piceous, with the club (cf ) about as long as the stem, or ( 9 ) a little shorter; head about half as wide as the prothorax; punctures of the clypeus — extending to middle of the front — dense and confluent, the basal parts strongly but sparsely punctate; clypeus narrower than usual, not twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, the apex distinctly reflexed, arcuate and two-fifths as wide as the base, nearly similar in the sexes; eyes slightly prominent; prothorax convex, not quite twice as wide as long, the sides broadly arcuate, widest near the middle, the basal angles not only not at all rounded but sometimes slightly prominent, the bead entire at base, unusually fine at the sides and very widely obsolete at apex; punctures very fine and sparse, becoming closer and intermingled with close opaculate rugu- losity toward the sides; scutellum wider than long, shining, nearly sculptureless; elytra slightly inflated posteriorly and evidently wider than the prothorax, less than a fourth longer than wide, very obtusely rounded at apex, shining and finely, remotely punctate suturad, becoming gradually finely sculptured and alutaceous laterad; pygidium with distinct transversely interlacing scratches throughout, shining; mesosternal process smaller and narrower than in punctata; metasternum smooth medially, toward the sides with the wavy oblique scratches sparser and finer than usual. Male with the sixth ventral short, sinuate medially at tip, the coriaceous seventh segment testaceous; female with the sixth segment sparsely but strongly, linearly sculptured throughout, rounded at apex, sometimes truncate medially, the surface posteriorly not bitumorose as in the punctata type but broadly and slightly convex medially. Length (cf 9 ) 16.5-20.0 mm.; width 9.4-11.5 mm. Arizona (Congress Junction and Tugson) lugubris Lee. Composita, as defined above, is allied to virescens Burm., but differs in coloration and in its feeble sculpture; it is perhaps closer to the allied aurescens of Bates, but is much narrower and more elongate-cylindric in outline; the head, also, seems to differ in coloration from that of any of the forms allied to virescens described hitherto. Testaceipes is allied to chalcothorax Perty, and perhaps also sordida Germ., but it differs from both of them in the very pallid tarsi. Texensis has shorter legs than usual and notably stout tarsi, but the forms clustering about punctata Linn., are diffi- cult to differentiate in any very positive manner, although I think there are several that must be accorded specific standing. R.UTELI1SLE 77 Group II. Subgenus Pelidnotidia nov. The species of the strigosa type, abundant in Mexico, have a peculiar and isolated habitus due to their more elliptical outline, less convex surface, more thickened lateral elytral margin, especially in the female, in their large head, spinulose and not edentate or only very minutely denticulate elytral apices and in their more metallic coloration. Without having any very decided structural divergence in special organs, I think therefore that they should be designated by a special subgeneric name as above. The species in my collection may be known as follows: Pronotum concolorous and sparsely punctulate medially, the legs and tarsi more slender; surface lustre more or less metallic 2 Pronotum blackish, with testaceous side margins, more strongly and closely punctate; legs and tarsi notably stout; surface lustre not definitely metallic 5 2 — Lateral angle of the hind coxae not or barely at all prominent pos- teriorly 3 Lateral angles notably prominent posteriorly 4 3 — Body narrower and more elongate-oval, testaceous, the elytra more flavate, the entire upper surface with feeble pearly-green lustre; pygidium and under surface blackish, with strong greenish lustre; legs metallic green, the upper and lower edges of the femora and tibiae testaceous, the tarsi pale; head fully three-fifths as wide as the pro- thorax, with rather well developed eyes, the clypeus closely and rugulosely punctate but shining, almost semicircular, twice as wide as long, the apex distinctly, the sides finely and more feebly, reflexed; front less closely punctate, the occiput finely and sparsely; antennal club not as long as the stem; prothorax a little more than twice as wide as long, widest slightly behind the middle, the sides broadly rounded; sides feebly converging toward base, more gradually and straighter anteriorly, the prominent angles very sharply acute, the basal angles obtuse but only narrowly rounded; ambient bead strong, entire, except medially at apex, the surface finely, sparsely punctate, more strongly and a little more closely toward the sides; scutellum transversely rounded ; elytra barely wider than the prothorax, parallel, with broadly arcuate sides, fully a third longer than wide, circularly rounded at apex, the lateral edges thickened to behind the middle, the apical spines small, oblique; surface with fine and very obsoletely impressed, not distinctly punctured lines; elsewhere with sparse microscopic and indistinct sculpture; pygidium with rather fine and close, transverse interlacing lines, becoming smooth and sparsely punctulate apically; mesosternal process well developed. Length (cf) 22.0-23.0 mm.; width 11.7-11.9 mm. Mexico (Guerrero), Baron *permicans n. sp. 78 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Body large and broadly oblong-oval, pale brownish in color, with shining pearly cupreous lustre above, the shining black under surface and legs with strong cupreous lustre, becoming green at the sides of the hind coxae; head large, fully three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the eyes somewhat prominent; surface densely punctate, sparsely toward base; clypeus large, semicircular, gradually strongly reflexed at apex but not at the sides, more than twice as wide as long; pro- thorax twice as wide as long, nearly as in the preceding but with more evenly rounded sides, the apical angles very acute and sharp, the basal obtuse and distinctly rounded; basal lobe more distinctly truncate at the scutellum, the ambient bead strong and not inter- tupted even at the middle of the apex; punctures fine but deep, sparse, becoming coarse but not dense toward the sides; elytra not more than a fourth longer than wide, distinctly wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded at apex, the sides behind the base ( 9 ) subex- planate and much thickened; surface with the stria? broadly and moderately impressed and coarsely, closely punctate basally, finely, feebly and obsoletely punctulate posteriorly and laterally; punctures of the broad second interval basally coarse and conspicuous; pygid- ium black, with green lustre, very densely and transversely vermicu- lato-rugose throughout in the female, the sixth ventral in that sex slightly flattened, polished and almost sculptureless throughout, broadly arcuate behind. Length (9) 30.0 mm.; width 15.5 mm. Guatemala (Esquintla) *cuprascens n. sp. 4 — Form nearly as in the preceding but more narrowly elongate-oval, the brownish-testaceous upper surface with feeble pearly-green lustre, the pygidium and under surface dark, with rather bright greenish lustre; legs slightly varicolored, metallic in lustre; male paler in coloration than the female; head large, nearly similar in the sexes, except that the sculpture is coarser and denser in the female and the eyes a little larger and more convex in the male; clypeus more than twice as wide as long, semicircular, the apex broadly, feebly reflexed (cf), or more narrowly and strongly (9 ); prothorax smaller and shorter than in the preceding, more than twice as wide as long, the outline and beading nearly similar, the basal lobe not so truncate at the scutellum; punctures fine but deep and sparse, becoming coarse, close and irregularly confused laterally; scutellum small, transversely semicircular; elytra a third (cf) to fourth (9) longer than wide, more inflated at about basal third in the latter and with more thickened subexplanate edges, continuing almost to the apex but greatly diminishing, strongly rounded at apex; sculpture of the same general type as in cuprascens but not quite so conspicu- ous; pygidium more convex and nearly smooth except basally (cf ), or densely vermiculato-rugulose ( 9 ) ; sexual characters nearly as in the two preceding, the mesosternal process rather more slender than in cuprascens. Length (cf 9 ) 24.0-28.0 mm.; width 12.3-15.0 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). Five examples. . *strigosa Cast. Form and coloration nearly as in strigosa but smaller in size and more uniformly testaceous, with faint pearly greenish lustre throughout above, the head and pronotum not darker in shade than the elytra, RUTELIN.E 79 the under surface and pygidium darker, piceo-testaceous, with stronger metallic-green lustre; legs very pale testaceous throughout, the femora faintly viridescent, the tibiae cupreous; head and clypeus nearly as in strigosa, the eyes relatively a little larger; prothorax similar but shorter, rather more than twice as wide as long, the surface similarly but everywhere still more finely and sparsely punctate, becoming impunctate near the sides; scutellum short, rounded, wholly impunctate; elytra but little wider than the pro- thorax, with feeble punctulate lines, coarser basally nearly as in the preceding but shorter, more parallel, very evenly and feebly arcuate at the sides and more rapidly and obtusely rounded at apex; under . surface nearly similar, the legs rather slender, the sixth ventral of the male with the coriaceous segment filling the apical sinus similarly pale in color; pygidium nearly smooth, very shining. Length (cf ) 22. o mm.; width 11.5 mm. Colombia *refulgens n. sp. Form more oblong and parallel than in strigosa and piceous throughout above, with feeble greenish lustre, more polished and less pearly than in that species, the pygidium and under surface black, with polished greenish lustre, varied with coppery on the abdomen; legs testaceous, the femora and tibiae largely black, with shining green lustre along the lower surfaces; head and clypeus nearly as in strigosa, the prothorax also similar though not evidently narrower than the elytra, the punctures sparse but deep and very distinct to the thick lateral beading anteriorly, becoming sparser and fine pos- tero-laterad ; apical margin not wholly obsolete medially but ex- tending entirely across, though flat and feeble medially; scutellum less transverse; elytra less elongate, the parallel sides feebly and more evenly arcuate, the apex much more rapidly and obtusely rounded, the dilated lateral margin nearly similar and as also in refulgens; striae fine, very feeble but more sharply punctulate than in either of the two preceding, becoming very wide and with extremely coarse but similarly ill-defined, shallow and chagrined punctures basally; scutellum smooth apically; under surface and legs similar in struc- ture, the sixth ventral of the male with the sinus less shallow, the coriaceous seventh segment less abbreviated and darker in color. Length (cf ) 22.7 mm.; width 12.2 mm.; Honduras (San Pedro Sula). *obscurella n. sp. 5 — Body more parallel and oblong-elongate, blackish, the pronotum finely ochreous along the lateral margins, the elytra pale ochreous, without trace of metallic lustre, the under surface and very convex pygidium with faint aeneous lustre; head and clypeus densely punc- tate, the occiput more sparsely and shallowly; prothorax with rather strong punctures, well separated medially but dense and confluent toward the sides, not twice as wide as long, of the usual outline, the apical bead obsolete medially; scutellum slightly transverse, ogival; elytra a third longer than wide, the sides rounding in nearly apical half, the marginal bead (d71) but little thickened and obsolete at or before the middle, the series of small but distinct punctures almost regular and unimpressed throughout the width, the striae not coarse basally, as in all the preceding, but with the punctures toward the 8o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA scutellum coarse and irregularly diffused; abdomen with fine close sculpture almost throughout, the rugulse of the metasterum much coarser and deeper than in any of the preceding; all the legs are much stouter but varicolored as in strigosa. Male with the sinus of the sixth ventral broad and extremely shallow. Length (cf ) 27.5 mm.; width 13.4 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) . . *punctulata Bates Punctidata differs from the usual type of this subgenus in colora- tion, sculpture of the pronotum and elytra and especially in the relatively stout legs throughout, a character that was not noticed by Mr. Bates; the spines at the apices of the elytra are also much reduced in size. The stout legs of this species may be a sexual character to some extent, as it is not very evident in the figure given of a female of punctidata which, even allowing for the sex of the individual, is much too stout and oval, if the Honduras example described above is entirely typical. Group III. Subgenus Delipnia nov. The assumed type of this division of the genus is the Pelidnota belli of Sharp, which, at the time it was described at least, was the only form occurring north of the Isthmus of Panama; the species are numerous and apparently abundant individually in South America. The lobes of the clypeus are prominent in both sexes, but the notch is always deeper and the clypeus more narrowed and apically reflexed in the female than in the male. This is a very distinct section of Pelidnota, largely a geographic development, and should be given a distinctive name, although in the genus at large a number of other divisions, equally worthy of such distinction, undoubtedly exist. Plusiotis Burm. This genus is allied to Pelidnota but is well distinguished by the unbroken outer outline of the mandibles, as well as by a less defin- able but none the less evident difference in the general habitus and coloration of the body; this is due, in large part, to the shorter, more oblong-oval form and denser and less pellucid or pearly coloration. Almost all the structural characters of the under surface and legs are identical in the two genera, or so nearly alike that no practical use could be made of the differences in classifica- RUTELINyE 8 1 tion, and yet there could be no doubt whatever of the reality of Plusiotis as a genus. Very much the same condition of generic distinctness obtains between Pelidnota and the Brazilian Chalco- plethis. In Plusiotis the head is very large, as in the subgenus Pelidnotidia, which distinguishes the genus readily from Plusiotina defined below; the species known to me are the following: Elytra each with four broadly impressed lines of polished, nickel-like metallic lustre. Body oblong-oval, strongly convex, pale but rather dull green in color above, beneath and throughout the legs, the peri- phery of the pronotum polished and more golden-green, the pronotal surface with a polished area of brighter green at each side medially; elytral side margins metallic like the grooves; each abdominal seg- ment with the hind margin very bright yellowish-silvery metallic; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, rather finely but strongly, the clypeus closely, punctate, the latter parabolic, feebly concave peripherally; antennae testaceous-brown, the basal joint metallic green, the club (9) barely longer than the preceding six joints; prothorax twice as wide as long, convex, broadly lobed at base, the sides broadly subangulate behind the middle, the apical angles only moderately prominent, the ambient bead thick and strong through- out, broader and flatter toward the middle at apex; punctures every- where fine, very feeble and sparse; scutellum polished, metallic, dull toward the middle of the base; elytra barely a fifth longer than wide, evidently wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides and very obtusely rounded apex, the lateral margins not thickened basally; punctures obsolete, except in fine series near the sides and basally toward the scutellum; pygidium with very small and feeble sparse punctures, also slightly scratched along the basal margin or sometimes nearly throughout; mesosternal process rather small and acute, the prosternal post-coxal well developed. Length (9) 25.7-26.5 mm.; width 13.2-14.0 mm. Arizona. Four examples, the male not at hand. Said by Mr. Wenzel to occur also in the mountains near the Great Bend of the Rio Grande in Texas. gloriosa Lee. Elytra even in surface, without trace of impressed vittae metallic or otherwise 2 2 — Prothorax less transverse, evidently less than twice as wide as long; legs golden-green, the tarsi steel-blue. Body stout, oblong-oval, rather less convex than gloriosa, bright green, with more or less suffusion of a golden-green tint, especially at the elytral margins, tibiae, on the clypeus and at the apices of the abdominal segments; lustre slightly alutaceous or somewhat sericeous; head fully half as wide as the prothorax, subopaque, densely green, the punctures deep and very close, sparser basally, the interspaces everywhere with very minute close punctulation; clypeus broadly parabolic, the surface feebly concave toward the finely and feebly reflexed periphery throughout; eyes notably small, not at all prominent; antennae very T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI. Oct. 1915. 82 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA dark castaneous, the basal joint metallic green; prothorax subparallel, widest at the middle, with very evenly rounded sides from base to apex, the ambient bead strong but obsolete toward the middle of the apex; surface finely, sparsely punctate, more strongly toward the sides, the interspaces with a system of close and feebly impressed though not very minute punctulation; scutellum wider than long, sparsely punctate; elytra (9 ) somewhat inflated with arcuate sides, gradually narrowed basally, very obtusely rounded at apex, much wider than the prothorax, a fourth longer than wide, the lateral edges narrowly subdeplanate, rather more widely posteriad, the epi- pleura almost equally wide to the transverse part of the apex, where they abruptly terminate; surface more shining, with fine and barely at all impressed series of small punctures; intervals nearly smooth, except the second and fourth, where the punctures are confused and larger than those of the striae, more broadly confused on the second interval basally; pygidium transversely, confusedly rugulose, sericeous, shining and smoother apically, the sides beneath impressed along the edges; hairs of the metasternum short, sparse and barely evident. Length (9) 29.0 mm.; width 16.9 mm. Texas (Davis Mts., Great Bend of the Rio Grande), — H. W. Wenzel. . woodi Horn Prothorax much shorter, fully twice as wide as long or more; legs pearly grayish-violet, the tarsi of nearly the same color as the tibia?, the femora always paler in tint 3 3 — Female with the broad part of the epipleura extending far behind the middle; thoracic angles rounded, scutellum wider than long. Body very broadly oblong-oval, moderately shining, pale golden-green throughout; head large, three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, with moderate shallow punctures, sparse basally, becoming closer an- teriorly and rather dense but ill-defined on the clypeus, which is very broadly rounded and feebly reflexed at apex and more than twice as wide as long, the eyes small; antennae dark brown, with metallic basal joint; prothorax more than twice as wide as long, the moder- ately prominent apical angles broadly rounded, the obtuse basal angles similarly rounded; base very broadly and feebly lobed medi- ally, the ambient bead strong and thick laterally, entire at base but very broadly obsolete at apex; punctures rather fine, very feebly impressed and sparse throughout; scutellum ogival, punctured slightly toward base; elytra a fifth longer than wide, much inflated before the middle, with the flanks there becoming distinctly expla- nate and a third wider than the prothorax; apex circularly rounded; punctures notably strong, confused, sparse, finer and sparser later- ally, having a few irregular series basally, the sutural series clearly defined throughout; pygidium sericeous and rugosely sculptured, smoother apically, the impunctate median line tumid, the oblique sides impressed; intermesocoxal tumidity very small and narrow, the prosternal well developed; hind coxa? very large, but little more than twice as wide as long. Length (9 ) 31.5 mm.; width 18.0 mm. Arizona (Cochise Co.) , ampliata n. sp. Female with the broader part of the epipleura narrower than in the pre- ceding and not extending distinctly behind the middle; scutellum R.UTELIN/E 83 similarly ogival but very nearly as long as wide; thoracic angles well denned, not rounded. Body less expanded, the elytra broadly rounded and not so explanate before the middle; head not so large, a little more than half as wide as the prothorax, the punctures similarly disposed but more distinctly denned, the clypeus nearly similar but not so broad; prothorax about twice as wide as long, the sides similarly broadly subequally arcuate and nearly parallel, the apical angles prominent, with their apices well denned, the basal more than right but not more than blunt at tip, the ambient bead similar but not quite so thick; punctures similarly fine and sparse but better defined and stronger and closer antero-laterad; scutellum punctured nearly throughout; elytra a fourth longer than wide, at or before the middle more than two-fifths wider than the prothorax, almost similarly but more finely sculptured; pygidium not so strongly sculptured, the punctureless median line not tumid, the marginal impression similar; epipleura not so wide but similarly rugosely sculptured; intermesocoxal tumidity small and rather acute an- teriorly; hind coxae shorter and more transverse than in ampliata. Male differing considerably from the foregoing female, being smaller, with relatively more elongate, more parallel and more evenly though feebly arcuate sides, the pygidium less strongly sculptured, less transverse and with the impressions near the lower margin obso- lescent; sixth ventral with a very shallow apical sinus, the coriaceous seventh segment black, the sexual characters exactly as in Pelidnota. Length (cf) 25.8, (9) 29.5-30.0 mm.; width (cf) 14.0, (9) 16.0- 16.8 mm. Arizona. Huachuca Mts. at Garces and an unrecorded place, the latter female differing somewhat from the first in having the eyes relatively a little smaller and less prominent, .beyeri Skin. A — Male somewhat as in the male of beyeri but with larger and much more prominent eyes and without a distinctly defined median lobe at the base of the prothorax, the anterior angles of the latter more rounded, the punctures similar but less sparse throughout; elytra more oval and less elongate, about a fourth longer than wide — a third longer than wide in beyeri — the sides more rounded, the sculpture similar in general type, the punctures, however, more minute and still sparser; pygidium much more impressed along the oblique sides beneath, about as much as in the female of beyeri; antennae more pallid, very pale red-brown, the basal joint only feebly metallic. Length (cf) 26.7 mm.; width 13.5 mm. Arizona (southern — the exact locality unrecorded), — Levette collection ocularis n. subsp. I am inclined to think that, with both sexes at hand, ocularis could be shown to be specifically different from beyeri, but would suggest the above relationship provisionally. There are evidently a number of distinct species and subspecies of the woodi and beyeri type in southern Arizona and the neighboring parts of Mexico. The following subspecies seems worthy of definition at this time; 84 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA it differs from any of the above species in the long sternal hairs and non-metallic basal joint of the antennae, among other characters: *Plusiotis adelaida ssp. pavonacea nov. — Stout, oval, convex, shining, more polished than in the woodi or beyeri types, rich pale chocolate-brown in color, the head, except the middle of the front and two very large discal spots on the pronotum, each of which is medially prolonged to base and apex, green, each elytron with intervals I and 4, the seventh sulcus and the external margin also bright green; entire under surface and legs pale red-brown; head distinctly more than half as wide as the prothorax, the clypeus and depressed median part of the frontal apex strongly and closely punctate, the remainder very finely and sparsely; apex of the clypeus very feebly sinuate medially; prothorax twice as wide as long, with distinct basal lobe and well defined apical angles, the surface smooth and punctureless, rugulose in the marginal gutter, the basal bead be- coming feebler medially as a rule; scutellum green, brown along the middle, slightly wider than long, ogival and with feebly arcuate sides, the surface smooth; elytra each with nine rather regular and very shallow striae of fine, distinct punctures, the seventh larger, broadly impressed, sulciform and tinged with green, the third and fourth, inclosing the green discal vitta, also a little stronger than the others; pygidium pale coppery- brown, finely and sparsely punctate; intermesocoxal process rather well developed. Length (9) 26.8-29.3 rnm.; width 14.8-15.5 mm. Mexico (Guerrero) , — Baron. This form differs from adelaida Hope, of which ornatissima Sturm is virtually synonymical, not only in color but in the very shallow clypeal sinuation, the apex in adelaida being, according to Burmeister, "tief eingeschnitten"; the elytral intervals in the latter species are also said to be "gewolbt"; in pavonacea they are very feebly and broadly convex, some of them in fact nearly flat. Plusiotina n. gen. The general characters in this genus are very much as in Plusiotis, but the habitus is quite different, because of the small head, with relatively larger eyes, and more narrowly cylindric-oval body, with well impressed and subequal elytral striation. In addition it should be said that the anterior thoracic angles are very much less prominent, the ambient beading uninterrupted at the thoracic apex, the mandibles more sinuate externally and the intermeso- coxal process much reduced, in fact almost vestigial. The basal joint of the antennae is never metallic and the sterna are clothed with long hairs. The species are moderately numerous, those in my collection being the following: RUTELIN.E 85 • Prothorax distinctly less than twice as wide as long in both sexes, the sides converging almost evenly from base to apex and feebly, sub- evenly arcuate, except in subenodis 2 Prothorax much shorter, more than twice as wide as long in both sexes, the sides becoming gradually more parallel in about basal half. . .5 2 — Body larger in size than Plusigtis gloriosa, polished, the head and pronotum more obscure, piceous-green, the elytra brighter though rather dark green; under surface, legs and pygidium dark testaceous, with more or less green lustre, nearly wanting on the legs, the meta- sternum more bluish; head barely more than a third as wide as the prothorax, the eyes separated by less than four times their width, the surface behind a line through the middle of the eyes extremely minutely and remotely punctulate, before that line and throughout the clypeus coarsely, deeply and confluently punctate, the clypeus trapezoidal, with arcuate sides and arcuato-truncate reflexed apex, twice as wide as long, nearly flat, the suture obsolete only medially; antennaa testaceous, the club much shorter than the stem; prothorax convex, shallowly sinuate at apex, which is but little more than half as wide as the base, the basal lobe distinct; basal angles broadly, the apical more narrowly, rounded; marginal bead thin, much ele- vated apically ; surface very finely and remotely punctate throughout; scutellum wider than long, ogival, obscure subcupreous and finely sparsely punctate, well developed in size and notably larger than in the other species; elytra oblong, a fourth longer than wide, nearly a fourth wider than the prothorax, parallel, with broadly arcuate sides, rapidly obtusely rounded at apex, the striae of deep punctures deeply impressed internally and externally, but more feebly between the humeral and apical umbones; second interval with some coarse scattered punctures; pygidium sericeous, with rather fine irregular, transversely interlacing lines, which are not at all dense, the surface smooth and finely, remotely punctured toward tip; metasternum punctured throughout, sparsely mediad. Length (9) 26.0 mm.; width 14.0 mm. Mexico (Colonia Garcia, Sierra Madre Mts., Chihuahua), — Townsend *aeruginis n. sp. Body much smaller in size than in Plusiotis gloriosa, polished as in the preceding and all the other species; scutellum smaller 3 3 — Last joint of the maxillary palpi (cf ) with a large deep excavation almost throughout its length. Form oblong-oval, moderately con- vex, verdigris-green throughout above, testaceous beneath, the sterna pale blue, the abdomen and legs with strong cupreo-aeneous lustre, the pygidium bright shining green, paler than the elytra; head very small, the eyes separated by three and one-half times their width, feebly convex, more or less finely, sparsely punctate through- out, the clypeus more strongly and closely, unusually short, much more than twice as wide as long, rounded, the apex distinctly reflexed; antennal club almost as long as the stem; prothorax narrowing more rapidly anteriorly than posteriorly, the sides almost parallel in basal three-fifths, the base broadly and strongly lobed, all the angles distinctly defined, not more than blunt; surface everywhere minutely, remotely punctate; scutellum smooth, irregularly punctured near the 86 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA edges; elytra a fourth longer than wide and a fourth wider than the prothorax, the sides parallel and feebly arcuate; apex rapidly ob- tusely rounded; surface with the punctured striae deeply impressed internally but very feeble throughout externally, the second interval without coarse punctures; pygidium pearly in lustre, minutely, remotely punctate, slightly strigilate toward base, not very convex. Male with the hind margin of the last ventral rather abruptly deflexed along the shallow sinus. Length (cf) 20.5-21.7 mm.; width 11.0-12.0 mm. Mexico (Durango) *subenodis n. sp. Last joint of the maxillary palpi (cf ) with a large chagrined area, which is very shallowly impressed, or never deeply concave 4 4 — Male with the clypeal suture rectilinear and transverse, obsolescent only medially, the clypeal apex with a small acute medial sinus in the type; eyes less developed, separated by rather more than three times their width. Body more elongate and cylindric, pale and some- what brassy-green and rather shining above, the clypeus cupreus; entire under surface, legs and pygidium dark testaceous, with brilliant pale cupreous lustre, the hind coxae more silvery, the meta- sternum bluish only antero-medially ; head barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the clypeus strongly, irregularly and closely punctate, twice as wide as long, parabolic, with the contour slightly reflexed, more strongly at apex; prothorax scarcely three-fifths wider than long, the sides evenly and moderately converging and broadly arcuate from base to apex, the short apical angles very blunt, the basal rounded; basal lobe distinct; punctures minute and remote, more distinct and closer near the sides; scutellum much wider than Jong, ogival, scabrous in a line paralleling the edges, elsewhere finely, sparsely punctate; elytra barely wider than the prothorax, nearly a third longer than wide, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides, rapidly very obtusely rounded at apex, the impressed, distinctly and closely punctate striae becoming very shallow laterad; second interval with very few moderate punctures in single line; pygidium very shining but somewhat pearly, sparsely and transversely scratched basally, sparsely punctate apically, the median line feebly tumescent; sixth ventral abruptly deflexed along the shallow sinus. Length (c?1) 20.7 mm.; width n.o mm. Arizona (Cochise Co.).angusta n. sp. Male with the clypeal suture broadly arcuate, obsolete except laterally but readily traceable by the sculpture, the apex obtusely rounded and subtruncate; eyes larger and more prominent, separated by two and one-half times their width. Body less elongate though rather more so than in lecontei, colored as in the preceding but deeper and purer green above and except that the entire metasternum is blue, the hind coxae more shining, greenish; clypeus shorter, more trape- zoidal, almost similarly punctate; prothorax nearly similar but fully three-fourths wider than long and with the feebly arcuate sides more converging from base to apex, all the angles better defined and not more than roundly blunt at their apices, the sculpture similar; scutellum much less transverse and more evenly punctate near the edges; elytra similar in outline but shorter, not more than a fourth longer than wide, the striae internally rather deeply impressed and R.UTELIN/E 87 more strongly punctate than in the preceding, similarly feebly so laterad; pygidium greenish and not cupreous, similarly feebly sculp- tured and convex but never with trace of a tumescent median line; legs sometimes with more or less bluish lustre along the lower part of the femora and tibiae, the sixth ventral similar. Female much larger than the male, the prothorax much narrower than the elytra, three-fourths wider than long, the sides similarly converging and arcuate throughout; clypeal suture defined almost throughout by slight tumescence, the clypeus almost as in the male; eye? much less prominent, separated by about four times their width; elytra nearly similar but a little more arcuate at the sides; pygidium less convex, slightly less feebly sculptured and more impressed along the lower lateral margins. Length (cf) 18.7-21.0, (9) 22.5 mm.; width (cf) lo.o-n.o (9) 12.4 mm Mexico (Colonia Garcia, Sierra Madre Mt?., Chihuahua), — Townsend. One female and six males. *sonorica n. sp. 5 — Male of shorter broader form than in either of the preceding, rather bright pure green in color above, the clypeus coppery; under surface and pygidium colored nearly as in sonorica, but with the tarsi darker, blackish and without evident metallic lustre; head nearly similar throughout, the eyes a little more separated and the broadly, sub- circularly rounded clypeus rather more narrowed at apex, similarly reflexed; last palpal joint with the opaque impression similarly shallow; prothorax much shorter, twice as wide as long, the sides broadly arcuate, becoming subparallel posteriorly and more con- vergent apically, the apical angles very short though rather well defined, the basal narrowly rounded, the outline and sculpture nearly as in the preceding species, but with the basal lobe broader and much less definite; scutellum nearly as in sonorica, the elytra parallel, with feebly arcuate sides and rapidly very obtusely rounded apex, about a fifth longer than wide and rather evidently wider than the pro- thorax, the sculpture nearly similar; pygidium shining, pearly green- ish-coppery, almost similarly feebly sculptured, the median line not tumescent, the sixth ventral nearly similar. Female much larger than the male but similarly stout, the head relatively still smaller, with the less prominent eyes separated by nearly four times their width; prothorax fully twice as wide as long and only a little narrower than the elytra, as in the male, the sides evenly and rather strongly arcuate, somewhat converging toward base and much more strongly anteriad, the scupture as in the male; elytra a little larger and some- what more elongate, similar otherwise, the pygidium less convex but not otherwise differing. Length (cf) 18.0-21.0, (9) 24.0 mm.; width (cf) 10.0-12.2, (9 ) 13.0 mm. Arizona (Grand Canon of the Colorado) and New Mexico (Fort Wingate). One female and five males. [Phisiotis lecontei Horn] lecontei Horn The Mexican Plusiotis chalcothea, orizaba, and alticola, will also have to be referred to the present genus, although in alticola the head becomes a little larger than usual in Plusiotina, but with the 88 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA characteristically prominent eyes of the male. Lecontei occupies the more northern geographic range of the genus and is somewhat isolated geographically from the more southern forms by the mountainous regions of central Arizona. The larger scutellum of ceruginis is a rather notable character of that species and, through- out the genus, the clypeal suture comes nearer to revealing itself in its entirety than it does in Plusiotis. Cotalpa Burm. We come here upon a rather radically different generic type from those which precede, due to the strongly marked transverse clypeal suture, constituting the principal special mark of the group "Areodides" of Lacordaire, and this, together with the entire basal marginal bead of the pronotum, truncate clypeal apex, small scutellum and rounded external contour of the mandibles, serves to distinguish the genus from nearly all the others of the tribe Rutelini. In addition, it may be added that the body is rounded-oval to oblong-oval in form, of more or less pallid coloration above, the head and pronotum with faintly pearly metallic lustre and the elytral punctures only in part serial. The under surface is generally hairy, sometimes conspicuously so, and the larger claw of all the tarsi is unequally split at apex in the male, but simple in the female. The statement made by Lacordaire that the last joint of the tarsi is not dentate beneath is misleading, the anterior is sometimes feebly, the posterior always strongly, dentate. The elytra are never metallic in lustre and are always distinctly and often strongly punctured. The head is generally larger in the female than in the male. This genus is confined to the colder parts of North America, excepting the Pacific coast, but the genus Pocalta, hitherto con- founded with Cotalpa, occurs almost solely on the Pacific coast and thence as far to the southward as Guatemala. The known species of Cotalpa are as follows: Basal thoracic bead strong, equal and entire from side to side; legs moder- ate 2 Basal bead narrowly but completely interrupted at the middle; legs stouter; head very small 7 2 — Head small, never more than half as wide as the prothorax; mandibles without inferior tooth within 3 Head larger, half as wide as the prothorax or more; body more oblong- elongate; mandibles with an acute tooth within, projecting down- ward from the under surface. Sonoran. .6 RUTELIN.E 89 3 — Head equal in size in the two sexes 4 Head much larger in the female than in the male 5 4 — Elytra with the punctures relatively coarse and notably close-set; head very small. Form oval, convex, pale flavate, with thin pearly metallic lustre, the elytra still paler and more whitish, as usual without trace of metallic lustre; under surface blackish, with green lustre and plentifully albido-pubescent, the legs pale but more or less metallic, the tarsi darker; head barely more than a third as wide as the prothorax, loosely scabrous, sparsely punctate basally; clypeus twice as wide as long, of the usual form but with the apex rather strongly reflexed; prothorax as in lanigera but with the fine scabrous lateral punctulation much denser; anterior angles very short and obtuse; elytra oval, convex, nearly similar in the sexes, somewhat more impressed and laterally swollen near basal third in the female, a little longer than wide and distinctly wider than the prothorax, the punctures generally confused and with intermingled small punc- tulation, but with two distinctly defined geminate series on each; pygidium sparsely hairy and feebly sculptured. Length (cf 9 ) 16.3-19.0 mm.; width 10.2-11.8 mm. Kansas (Medora), — Knaus. Five males and five females subcribrata Wick. Elytra with the punctures distinct and often strong but always widely separated; body larger in size, with the head not so small. Form oval, convex, similar in coloration and lustre to the preceding, except that the elytra are nearly similar in color to the head and pronotum, though without metallic lustre and having seldom any trace of the very pallid whitish tint characterizing subcribrata; head but little less than half as wide as the prothorax in either sex, finely and sparsely punctulate throughout, the clypeus somewhat less shining, rather more than twice as wide as long, with very broadly rounded angles, the apex somewhat less strongly reflexed than in the preceding; antennal club (cf ) shorter than the preceding six joints, only very little smaller in the female; prothorax more than twice as wide as long, polished and with pellucid metallic lustre, the angles more or less rounded ; punctures minute and sparse, more distinct though very sparse laterally and sometimes having there some feeble, closer punctulation; scutellum wider than long, ogival, with rounded sides, almost smooth; elytra oval, less obtusely rounded behind than in the preceding, distinctly longer than wide and much wider than the prothorax, the lateral impres«ion and swelling of the sides but little more pronounced in the female; punctures sparsely confused but, in the median parts of each, three or four equally spaced and nearly regular unimpressed series can be distinguished; pygidium pale to blackish, writh green lustre, feebly sculptured and sparsely hairy; intermesocoxal prominence very small, polished; under surface blackish, moderately metallic, with dense fine, whitish pile, shorter and sparser on the abdomen; legs moderate, pale, with metallic lustre, the tarsi also pale and not blackish as in the preceding. Length (cf1 9 ) 17.5-21.0 mm.; width 11.0-12.7 mm. New York and New Jersey. Abundant. [Scarabceus lanigerns Linn.] lanigera Linn. 90 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA A — Similar to lanigera but much larger and generally of somewhat darker luteo-flavate coloration above, the pubescence beneath nearly similar; clypeus rather less transverse; prothorax similar but not quite so abbreviated; scutellum not so transverse; elytra nearly as in lanigera but with the three or four medio-discal lines of punctures less definite or replaced by two more or less distinct geminate series, somewhat as in subcribrata. Length (cf 9 ) 21.5- 24.5 mm.; width 12.5-15.0 mm. Indiana, Iowa and Wisconsin. Eleven examples obesa n. subsp. 5 — Form oblong, the female more oval, convex, shining, pale flavate- brown in color above, the anterior parts with but very feeble metallic glint, the under surface and legs nearly as in lanigera, except that the tarsi are black or nearly so, with the usual metallic lustre, the pubescence nearly similar; bead (cf ) very small, barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, or ( 9 ) nearly half as wide as the latter, the clypeus twice as wide as long or a little less, the apex arcuato- truncate and reflexed, with moderately rounded angles, the surface rather strongly but loosely punctate; prothorax not qiute twice as wide as long, widest behind the middle, the apex moderately sinuate, with short rounded angles, the basal angles narrowly rounded ; surface nearly as in lanigera; scutellum more narrowly ogival; elytra (cf ) barely at all longer than wide, parallel, with broadly arcuate sides, broadly, obtusely rounded at apex, the lateral impression as in lanigera, but the longitudinal impression thence posteriorly is barely traceable, the punctures fine and sparse, the median part of each elytron having two very feebly defined geminate series, or ( 9 ) distinctly longer than wide, oval, much less obtuse at apex and with the sides obtusely prominent near basal third; pygidium in both sexes differing decidedly in being minutely and densely rugulose and alutaceous throughout. Length (cf) 18.6-19.6, (9) 20.5 mm.; width (cf) 11.0-11.5, (9) 12.2 mm. Louisiana (Vowell's Mill). molaris n. sp. Form very broadly rounded, very shining and pale brown throughout above, the elytra sometimes more flavate; under surface and legs nearly as in lanigera; head (cf ) notably smaller, sparsely punctured throughout, the clypeus browner and without lustre, arcuato- truncate, with very broadly rounded angles; prothorax shorter, much more than twice as wide as long, the eides more strongly converging anteriorly from a point nearer the base, the basal angles more rounded; surface similarly punctulate; scutellum not quite so broadly ogival; elytra barely visibly longer than wide, very obtuse at apex, not very much wider than the prothorax, the parallel sides moderately arcuate, the lateral impressions as in lanigera; punctures fine and everywhere very sparse, the punctulation of the inter- spaces extremely sparse and minute; toward the middle of each, two very feeble and widely separated irregular double series are more or less evident; pygidium nearly as in lanigera but more convex; under surface similarly colored and pubescent. Female still more rotund, the elytra one-half wider than the prothorax, fully as wide as long, with strongly rounded sides, which are barely visibly more prominent RUTELIN^E QI near basal third; head larger, fully one-half as wide as the prothorax; pygidium nearly as in the male but not quite so convex. Length (d71) 19.5, (9) 20. 6 mm.; width (cf) 12.4, (9) 13-5 mm. Virginia and New York (Peekskill) vernicata n. sp. 6 — Body oblong-oval, more elongate than in any of the preceding, convex, shining, dark red-brown to pale ochreous-yellow above, the anterior parts with feeble metallic lustre, black, with greenish lustre and with plentiful gray pubescence beneath, the legs pale, with black tarsi; head large, distinctly more than half as wide as the prothorax, the eyes relatively small as usual; clypeus as in the preceding species but more sinuato-truncate apically, with broadly rounded angles and sides which diverge perceptibly thence to the base, the finely reflexed periphery and the transverse suture finely black; mentum with the posteriorly converging anterior ridges better developed than in the preceding species; prothorax nearly as in lanigera in form and sculpture but with better defined and rather more prominent apical, and much more broadly rounded basal, angles; elytra a fourth to fifth longer than wide, slightly wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides, which are more inflated, subpromi- nent and discally tumid near basal third in the female, the apex moderately obtuse; punctures fine, well separated, confused but with two double series on each generally well defined; lateral impressions nearly as in lanigera; pygidium yellow, peripherally black, the fine sparse punctures bearing short erect hairs, the ground minutely rugulose and alutaceous; intermesocoxal tubercle shining, small. Length (cf 9 ) 18.0-22.0 mm.; width 10.0-12.3 mm- Arizona. Abundant consobrina Horn 7 — Form oblong-oval, pale brownish-flavate above, without a trace of the anterior metallic opalescence of all the preceding species, the under surface shining, black, without metallic lustre; legs pale testaceous, the tarsi deep shining black; inferior pubescence less plentiful than in lanigera, still sparser on the abdomen than in that species, except at the sides; head notably small, barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, nearly as in lanigera, except that the angles of the clypeus are still more broadly rounded and the thin elevated black margin ends abruptly at a greater distance from the base; mandibles simi- larly very thin and lamellate as in lanigera, without the inferior tooth of consobrina; prothorax of a different outline, less than twice as wide as long, widest behind the middle, where the sides are a little more rounded, thence much narrowed to the apical angles, which are short and rounded, the basal obtuse and rounded; base broadly rounded, the lobe barely at all indicated; surface minutely and re- motely punctulate, the punctules becoming more visible and in part densely confluent near the sides; just within the edge posteriorly, there is an evident parallel impression; scutellum broadly ogival, nearly smooth, black along the apex; elytra barely visibly longer than wide, oblong, nearly one-half wider than the prothorax, very obtusely rounded at tip, the parallel sides broadly and evenly arcuate; lateral impressions broad and shallow, not prolonged posteriorly; punctures fine, sparse and confused, with the usual two double lines evident; 92 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA pygidium smooth, minutely, sparsely punctulate, glabrous; meso- sternal tubercle small but strong; legs very stout, especially the posterior, the tarsi long and notably stout. Length (cf) 20.5-24.0 mm.; width 12.5-14.3 mm. Utah (Green River) .. flavida Horn The upper ramus at the tip of the larger claw of the male tarsi, in the last two species of the table is exceedingly small, and is generally worn off, so that only an irregularity forming the base of the ramus remains visible. In consobrina there seems to be an unusual amount of variability, and of the two extreme males before us, one is very stout, with the broad head strongly sculptured, and the other more narrowly oval, with much reduced pro thorax; these would seem to be at least subspecifically different, but it would require large and carefully collected series to define such related forms. Prof. Wickham indicates (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 1905, p. 2) a form which he defines as a variety of lanigera; it is described from a unique example in the collection of the late Mr. Chas. Fuchs and may be outlined as follows: General characters as in lanigera but with the metallic lustre of the head and pronotum more pronounced, the latter broadly brownish at the sides; elytra ornamented by a common brown sutural stripe, ex- tending the entire length, narrower at apex and extending along the basal margins to the humeri, where it is recurved. Arizona (Pres- cott) tau Wick. It is to be regretted that the author did not search more carefully for additional characters, for if the type is in reality from central Arizona, it is different specifically from lanigera without any doubt whatever. However, the peculiar coloration will enable one to recognize it if rediscovered. The subspecific form indicated above under the name obesa, appears to be well differentiated from lanigera when viewed in series, and is another instance of divergence in development of a stem form on the opposite slopes of the Appalachian system. This peculiarity has also been noticed by Mr. Leng and others. The resemblance of Cotalpa to the Brazilian Areoda is very marked as to general habitus. Pocalta n. gen. The smaller and in part strongly metallic species, hitherto regarded as a section of Cotalpa, have the upper surface of the body RUTELIN^E 93 pubescent, as well as the lower, very coarse thoracic and cephalic sculpture, complete absence of the apical and basal marginal bead of the pronotum except at the sides, a very different and semicircular form of clypeus, still narrower and less conspicuous intermesocoxal tubercle and an almost completely obsolete cleft in the apex of the larger male tarsal claws; they present an entirely different habitus from Cotalpa in almost every way and obviously demand separation as a distinct generic type. In addition, it should be stated that, excepting a slight overlapping in the upper Sonoran region, the rather numerous species occupy a geographic field, altogether different from that- of Cotalpa, they being native to the Pacific provinces, from Washington State and Utah southward to Guate- mala. They form in fact our only Pacific representative of the extensive subfamily Rutelinse, which, in some genus or other, is almost completely cosmopolitan. This absence of the Rutelinae from the rich and varied fauna of California is very remarkable, for even these species of Pocalta are to be found only in thesemi-Sonoran parts of the Pacific regions and I have no record of their occurrence in the coast mountains anywhere north of Santa Barbara. Cali- fornia is also exceedingly poor in Dynastinse and Cetoniinae as well, excepting a few Cyclocephalids and the genus Cremastocheilus, facts which are still more unaccountable. The species of Pocalta occurring north of the Mexican boundary, may be known as follows: Legs testaceous, with barely visible metallic lustre, the tarsi more obscure. Body stout, oblong-oval, convex, shining, black, the anterior parts above, scutellum and entire under surface with bright green metallic lustre; pubescence cinereous, long, erect and bristling throughout above, nowhere dense and easily removed, denser and finer on the under surface, sparser on the abdomen; head half as wide as the prothorax, densely and strongly punctate, the clypeus semicircular, flat, with feebly and finely reflexed edges, testaceous in color and without metallic lustre, the periphery finely black; prothorax less than twice as wide as long, widest at the middle, where the sides are strongly arcuate, gradually less so and equally converging to base and apex, the apical angles prominent and sharp, much more so than in any Cotalpa, the basal obtuse and slightly rounded; lateral bead fine and thin, the basal thicker, broadly obsolete medially; punctures very coarse, uneven and irregularly rather close or parti- ally confluent, much smaller near the sides; scutellum ogival, with a few widely scattered coarse punctures; elytra much wider than the prothorax, very obtuse at apex, tawny to paler, flavate, sometimes more or less nubilously streaked with brownish and with a few fine, 94 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA feebly impressed lines, finely, very remotely punctate, coarsely and more closely though shallowly so toward the suture, especially basally; punctures bearing the long erect hairs somewhat asperulate; pygidium shining green, finely, feebly rugulose and with fine scattered subasperate punctules; mentum broadly concave anteriorly, with the apex deeply sinuate. Length (9) 17.0-19.0 mm.; width 10.0- 11.7 mm. Arizona and New Mexico. [Cotalpa puncticollis Lee.] puncticollis Lee. Legs black, with faint bluish lustre, the entire tibiae constantly dark rufo- testaceous. Body short, obese, convex, moderately shining, blue- black, deeper black beneath, the elytra dark brownish-rufous; head densely and strongly punctate, the punctures becoming smaller and rather sparse basally, the clypeus flat, with slightly reflexed edges, thickened apically, semi-elliptic and more than twice as wide as long ( 9 ), or semicircular and less transverse (cf); prothorax in outline throughout almost as in the preceding, the punctures coarse but not very deep, well separated, not so coarse as in puncticoilis and not dif- fering much in size or character toward the sides, the erect pale hairs coarse, not dense; scutellum ogival, as long as wide, sparsely, strongly punctate; elytra as wide as long to barely longer, a third to fourth (9), or but very little (cf), wider than the prothorax, more circu- larly and less obtusely rounded at apex than in the preceding, the punctures fine though not very sparse, not differing suturally, the two double series generally indistinct, more evident and very feebly impressed in the male; erect hairs (9 ) not very long, inclined, yel- lowish-cinereous, plentiful toward the suture but shorter and sparse elsewhere, almost wanting throughout or readily removed in the male; pygidium in both sexes finely, closely and rather strongly rugulose throughout, though shining, dark blue in color like the prothorax. Length (cf 9 ) 14.0-16.5 mm.; width 8.5-10.4 mm. Southern California. Abundant, the male much less so than the female. [ Cotalpa ursina Horn] ursina Horn Legs entirely black, or at least with the tibiae never in great part pale. . 2 2 — Pronotal punctures distinctly separated, nearly as in the preceding. . 3 Pronotal punctures extremely dense and rugosely confluent throughout. 9 3 — Elytra dark brownish-rufous to tawny flavate in color 4 Elytra deep black throughout; anterior parts and scutellum bright green 8 4 — Head, pronotum and scutellum dark blue-black, rarely somewhat greenish-black as in ursina 5 Head, pronotum, scutellum and legs very bright green in color 7 5 — Basal bead of the pronotum only narrowly interrupted medially; pygidium smooth and polished, rugulose only toward the lower sides and apex. Body rather narrower in form than in ursina and with a distinctly smaller head; femora with feeble greenish lustre, the tibiae without such lustre except at apex, black, the medial region extremely feebly and just visibly pallescent; elytra dark red-brown, with the pubescence (cf ) sparse and easily lost; head less than half as wide as the prothorax, otherwise nearly as in the male of ursina, except that the deep black clypeus is shorter and with relatively coarser RUTELIN^: 95 sculpture toward the sides; prothorax much smaller in the male, not more than three-fourths as wide as the elytra, four-fifths wider than long, nearly as in ursina (cf), except that the converging sides basally are not subsinuate but rounded and the obtuse basal angles much more rounded; elytra subquadrate, as wide as long, with rounded parallel sides and broadly, obtusely rounded apex, the sculpture nearly as in ursina, the flanks below the humeri similarly impressed; pygidium convex, very shining, with scattered fine punctures becoming slightly coarser laterally. Length (cf) 14.5 mm.; width 8.5 mm. Southern California laevicauda n. sp. Basal bead of the pronotum but little more widely interrupted medially, the pygidium as usual, finely and unevenly rugulose throughout, though not densely. Color throughout as in lavicauda and tirsina, except that the legs are deep black, polished and devoid of any form of metallic lustre throughout, excepting a feeble blue-black tinge; entire under surface deep and pure black, with long close, very bristling pubescence, that of the upper surface long, plentiful, bristling and conspicuous, close on the medio-basal parts of the elytra but sparse and sublinearly arranged on the lateral parts of the latter, which are deep red-brown in color; head as in Iccvicauda but with the edges of the clypeus evenly and much more strongly reflexed; prothorax not quite twice as wide as long, the parallel sides evenly and strongly arcuate throughout, the basal angles well defined, very obtuse but scarcely at all rounded, the apical right, rather sharp; punctures coarse, well separated, smaller and more confused near the sides, feebly impressed along the median line before the middle; elytra much wider than the prothorax, a little shorter than wide, very obtusely rounded at tip, parallel and broadly arcuate at the sides; surface with rather strong punctures and feeble oblique rugulosity suturally, the three or four impressed discal lines evident and with small asperulate setigerous punctures, also with a series along the lateral edge serrating the edge basally, the ground punctures laterally very fine, sparse; pygidium finely, unevenly rugulose, shining and with long sparse erect hairs; hind tibiae but slightly enlarged distally. Length (cf) 12.7 mm.; width 7.8 mm. California (Coronado, San Diego Co.) . . . .brevis n. sp. Basal bead of the pronotum only visible in about lateral third; elytra uniform tawny-yellow in color 6 6 — Body stout, convex, shining, herissate above and beneath with long erect bristling ashy hairs, which are sparser and much less con- spicuous on the elytra and there principally confined to the medio- basal parts; head more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, strongly and densely punctate, less coarsely so and densely rugulose on the clypeus, which is flat, semicircular, with strongly, abruptly and evenly reflexed edges, the rugulosity interspersed with slightly coarser punctures; prothorax well developed but not as broad as in ursina, nearly twice as wide as long, widest at the middle, where the sides are obtusely subprominent, thence converging and more broadly arcuate to apex and base, the basal angles very obtuse, slightly rounded, the apical right and well defined; surface with the 96 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA rather coarse punctures widely separated throughout, not different near the sides; sparsely punctured scutellum ogival, with the sides more arcuate basally; elytra as long as wide, a third wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded behind about the middle, the sides parallel, broadly arcuate; punctures very fine and sparse, but little more evident suturad, the infra-humeral impression moderate; disk with a few fine impressed lines; pygidium very shining, the rugulosity not very fine and decidedly feeble, mingled as usual with small punctures bearing long erect hairs; legs black, the femora with very feeble greenish lustre. Length (cf ) 13.7-15.0 mm.; width 8.7-9.2 mm. California (San Bernardino), — Dunn. Four examples. rotunda n. sp. Body more elongate-oval and larger in size, the bristling pubescence fulvescent, not so long or conspicuous on the under surface and, on the elytra, only visible as short erect hairs arranged in four or five very regular longitudinal single lines, the first near the suture; color deep black, the anterior parts above with only the faintest blue-black lustre, the under surface and legs deep black, without trace of metallic lustre; head and clypeus nearly as in the preceding; prothorax rela- tively rather small, only about three-fourths wider than long, the sides subparallel and almost evenly and strongly rounded; basal angles very obtuse, rounded; punctures coarse, widely separated, but little closer laterally, intermingled with fine sparse punctures, which are not similarly evident in any of the preceding species; elytra oval, slightly longer than wide, two-fifths wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in about posterior half, the sides slightly prominent near basal third in the female; suture finely brownish; punctures small, sparse, with still smaller punctures sparsely intermingled, the general tendency to linear arrangement rather noticeable; pygidium (d71) finely, closely, or ( 9 ) still more finely, densely and more uniformly, rugulose throughout, slightly shining; last ventral in both sexes more finely and closely punctured as usual. Length (cf 9 ) 17.0-17.5 mm.; width 10.3-10.6 mm. Southern California (the exact locality unknown). Three ex- amples seriata n. sp. 7 — Form broadly oval, convex, shining; elytra brownish-rufous; under surface and pygidium black, with bright green lustre, the tarsi black, feebly metallic; pubescence long, erect, cinereous, not con- spicuous beneath, except at the sides and along the upper femoral edges, moderate anteriorly above and sparse but distinct on the elytra medio-basally and partially subserial in arrangement; head and clypeus both black, with bright green lustre and closely punctate, the punctures perforate and deep, with others smaller and shallow intermingled; clypeus semicircular, non-metallic and strongly reflexed peripherally; prothorax moderate, three-fourths wider than long, widest behind the middle, where the sides are more rounded, gradually converging, feebly arcuate and serrulate thence to the apex; basal angles very obtuse but not much rounded; basal bead only obsolete medially; punctures coarse, well separated, somewhat less coarse near the sides; scutellum coarsely and rather closely R.UTELI1SLE 97 punctured; elytra very nearly as wide as long, circularly rounded behind about the middle, the sides thence converging slightly to the base, fully two-fifths wider than the prothorax; punctures sparse, fine, coarser and obliquely subrugulose suturad; lateral impressions moderate; lateral edge serrulate basally; pygidium shining, finely, irregularly rugulose and with moderate sparse punctures; mentum concave anteriorly. Length (cf) 14.7-15.7 mm.; width 8.7-9.0 mm. California (near San Diego). Three examples. rubripennis n. sp. 8 — Form oblong-oval, more elongate than the preceding, convex, shining, under surface black, with green lustre, the basal parts of the abdom- inal segments cupreous; legs black, with bright green lustre, the tarsi less metallic; pubescence luteo-cinerous, long, rather coarse, dense on the sterna and parts of the femora, sparser on the abdomen, close and conspicuous on the head and pronotum, sparser, not so long and more reclining on the medio-basal parts of the elytra, almost wanting elsewhere; head densely sculptured, bright green, the clypeus semicircular, deep black, without metallic lustre, the edges well reflexed; eyes even smaller than usual; prothorax relatively larger but throughout nearly as in the preceding, though with coarser pubescence and with the converging sides anteriorly not definitely serrulate; scutellum coarsely, irregularly and much less closely punctured; elytra fully a fifth longer than wide, more rapidly rounding and obtuse in about apical third, only a fourth or fifth wider than the prothorax, the sides parallel and feebly arcuate; punctures fine and sparse but deep and distinct, intermingled with larger and pubiferous punctures medio-basally; lateral impressions deep; humeral angles less rounded than usual; pygidium bright green but only slightly shining, finely but strongly, densely rugulose and closely clothed with long coarse pale hairs; mentum feebly concave anteriorly; abdomen with the punctures closer than in the preceding. Length (cf ) 15.7 mm.; width 8.6 mm. Southern California (locality unrecorded) nigripennis n. sp. 9 — Body oblong-oval, rather abbreviated and only moderately convex, greenish-blue and not very shining anteriorly, the elytra dark brownish-red and strongly shining; under surface rather shining, green throughout and with the cinerous vestiture very long, dense and conspicuous, only a little sparser on the abdomen; legs black, with dark violet-blue lustre; head and pronotum with the hairs very long, fine, ashy-sericeous, dense and conspicuous, the elytra with only a few erect hairs medio-basally; head densely punctate; clypeus flat, semi-elliptical, with shorter vestiture, greenish in lustre, the periphery abruptly and moderately reflexed; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long, widest at the middle, the sides arcuate, less so and converging apically and basally, the apical angles shorter and blunter than usual, the basal obtuse but not much rounded; base broadly arcuate, the lobe very broad and but feebly differentiated, the bead visible only toward the sides; punctures coarse and very confluent; scutellum green, with moderate, rather close-set punctures, wholly T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 98 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA smooth to minutely punctulate toward tip; elytra very short, quadrate, about as wide as long, rapidly very obtusely rounded in less than apical third, a fourth wider than the prothorax, the parallel sides feebly arcuate; humeri obtuse but distinct; surface with the two discal double lines rather coarsely impressed; punctures coarse but feebly impressed almost throughout the broad second interval, elsewhere smaller though not very fine, sparse and feebly impressed, the general surface somewhat rugose but not at all conspicuously; lateral impressions rather shallow and linear; pygidium green, rather shining, loosely rugulose and with long, erect and plentiful pubes- cence; mentum concave anteriorly as usual in the genus; legs rather slender. Length (cf) 13.6-14.8 mm.; width 8.2-8.6 mm. Utah (Stockton). Three examples pubicollis n. sp. Body larger and more elongate-oval, more convex; coloration throughout similar, except that the anterior parts above are pure green in lustre and not blue, though, rarely, the pronotum becomes bluish toward the sides, differing principally in the coarser, less silky vestiture, the long hairs covering the entire elytra conspicuously in the female, but restricted more to the inner parts in the male; the surface exter- nally becoming almost glabrous; head densely punctate, the semicir- cular clypeus finely and feebly reflexed peripherally, flat, deep black ( 9 ) or green (cf), always with much shorter pubescence than the other parts; prothorax twice as wide as long, nearly as in the pre- ceding but more narrowed and more deeply sinuate at apex, the erect hair? less dense and less white; scutellum punctured throughout; elytra distinctly longer than wide, fully a third wider than the pro- thorax, more oval, circularly rounded in about apical half, the parallel sides broadly rounded; punctures everywhere coarse and rather deeply impressed, not differing internally except that they are less sparse toward the suture than externally, the two geminate lines more coarsely and deeply impressed in the male than in the female; pygidium green to bluish, loosely but rather sharply rugulose and with long abundant hairs throughout; legs blue-black; abdominal punctures strong and close-set, shining; mesosternal process narrow and feebly developed. Length (cf 9 ) I3-5-I7-5 mm. ; width 8.0-10.3 mm. Utah to Oregon (Buck Mountain). Common. [Cotalpa granicollis Hald.] granicollis Hald. The smaller measurements under granicollis refer to an excep- tionally small female example; the species differs greatly from pubicollis in the character of the pubescence, in the less abbreviated prothorax and longer, more apically rounded, more pubescent and much more coarsely punctured elytra. In the genus Pocalta, the head is notably small throughout and the elytral pubescence is always sparser and more restricted to the medio-basal parts in the male, than in the female. The mandibles are flat and lamellate and have no trace of a tooth projecting from the lower surface, occasionally evident in Cotalpa. RUTELIN.E 99 Parareoda n. gen. In general characters the type of this genus is allied rather closely to Cotalpa and Byrsopolis, but it differs from both in the triangular and obtusely pointed clypeus. The upper surface is glabrous, the under surface clothed very densely with long brown pubescence,, shorter and sparser on the abdomen, and the pygidium is clothed not densely with short and very stiff hairs. The basal bead of the pronotum is interrupted medially and the mesosternal process is obsolete, the coxae being very approximate; the prosternal process is short and abruptly much curved forward at tip. The mentum is concave anteriorly, the mandibles broadly rounded externally and reflexed, not dentate internally; eyes small, the anterior canthus with a very dense brush of stiff setae. The sculpture of the upper surface is much coarser than in Cotalpa but the pronotal punctures are correspondingly less coarse than in Pocalta, the elytra! sculpture coarser than in either. From Byrsopolis, the genus differs in the anteriorly angulate form of the clypeus, very feebly, evenly arcuate and not notably flexuous clypeal suture and in- visible mesosternal process. The antennal club in Byrsopolis is notably long, being as long as the basal width of the clypeus in castanea Burm., the Brazilian type species. The type of Parareoda,, with which I associate also the recently described Byrsopolis ari~ zones of Ohaus, may be defined as follows: Form oblong-elongate, convex, shining, castaneous in color throughout, without trace of metallic reflection at any part, the legs concolorous; upper surface glabrous, the metanotum however with a dense fringe of brown hairs, which is very conspicuous medially, attaining the base of the scutellum; head barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, coarsely, deeply and confidently punctate throughout, the clypeus flat, less than one-half wider than long, triangular, with nearly straight sides, which are finely and barely at all reflexed, the apex bluntly rounded and feebly reflexed; antennal club (9) much shorter than the stem as in Cotalpa; prothorax a little less than twice as wide as long, strongly convex, the sides viewed from above broadly, subevenly arcuate, becoming subparallel in about basal half, strongly converging apically to the well defined and subacute angles, the basal angles slightly obtuse and narrowly rounded; base broadly, feebly lobed, the marginal bead rather thin, reflexed, elevated, broadly obsolete medio-basally, the apical bead, only visible near the sides; surface strongly, sparsely and unevenly punctate, densely anteriorly and very confluently near the sides; median line finely subimpressed anteriorly; scutellum ogival, shorter than wide, ioo MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA glabrous, with scattered moderate punctures, those at base bearing a very few short stiff hairs; elytra large, a fourth or fifth wider than the prothorax, more than a fourth longer than wide, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths, the sides thence converging slightly and nearly straight to the base; surface even in coloration, with the two outer slightly impressed double series of punctures regular, the inner double series indistinct, confused with the coarse diffused punctuation of the disk suturad, there also becoming somewhat rugulose; externally, the punctures become much smaller and sparse; the infrahumeral impression of Cotalpa is obsolete, the fine reflexed lateral edges even; pygidium with small scattered asperate setigerous punctures, almost evenly distributed throughout, and some feeble loose rugulosity, the color somewhat more obscure broadly at the middle; abdomen with strong asperulate punctuation, wanting toward the bases of the segments; legs moderate, roughly sculptured, the hind tarsi slender, scarcely more than two-thirds as long as the tibiae. Length (9 ) 29.0 mm.; width 15.5 mm. Arizona (Huachuca Mts.) rufobrunnea n. sp. IForm slightly stouter, oblong-ovate, rather convex, somewhat inflated behind, rufo-castaneous, rather shining, the lustre of the head and pronotum slightly cuprascent; elytra narrowly infuscate at the margins; under surface densely pubescent; clypeus trapezoidal, with strongly oblique and anteriorly feebly arcuate sides, the angles rounded, the apex not reflexed, the margins very feebly thickened, the surface, as also that of the head, strongly and closely punctate, with finer punctures intermingled; prothorax at base almost twice :as wide as long, the sides angularly prominent at the middle, the •obtuse hind angles not rounded; base scarcely lobed, the basal bead not interrupted; surface throughout coarsely, almost confluently punctate, with very fine punctures intermingled, having a feeble canaliculation along the middle and, near this anteriorly, a feeble impression; scutellum wider than long, thickly arcuato-punctate, the margins black; elytra with a mixture of coarse and fine punctures, the double series distinct; pygidium with a fine impression along the middle, sparsely punctate and almost glabrous medially, densely and rugosely punctured and hairy laterally. Length 28-31 mm.; width 16-17 mm- Arizona. Three female examples in the Berlin Museum. [Byrsopolis arizonce Ohaus] arizonae Ohaus Arizona, which until reading the original description I had held to be the same as rufobrunnea, differs from the latter in many features. In rufobrunnea, the punctures of the head and clypeus, for example, are very densely crowded and without intermingled finer punctures, the punctures of the pronotum moderate and widely separated, except apically and near the sides, and its surface is without trace of metallic glint; there are also differences in the sculpture of the elytra and pronotum, the punctures of the former being subuniform and not mingled with finer punctures, and the RUTELIN.E IOI pygidium is uniformly punctured, loosely pubescent throughout and without median impression. The absence of the male prevents me from recording the length of the antennal club in that sex of rufo- brunnea; in the female, at any rate, it does not differ sensibly in form or proportion from that of Cotalpa. The genus Areoda MacL. is more closely allied to Cotalpa than it is to Parareoda, having the antero-lateral elytral impression al- most similar and the sculpture of the upper surface almost identical, but the base of the prothorax is abruptly lobed medially and the hind angles are very broadly rounded; the head and clypeus are nearly similar, but the eyes are more developed ; the intermeso- coxal process is much larger and is anteriorly protuberant. In view of the close general similarity in habitus between Phalangogonia and Cotalpa, I have sometimes thought that perhaps the singular special modification of the labrum and mentum in the former genus, might not be taxonomically so radical as considered by Lacordaire, but it is at all events a very convenient criterion in classification and I know of none other as a substitute. Rutela Latr. This genus, having an elongate-oval form of body and generally very smooth, polished and more or less strikingly ornamented integuments, has its principal focal centre in the West Indies, though a number of species occur also in South America and Mexico. One of the Cuban species occurs also in southern Florida and is very well known in collections. The oral organs are of the usual type in the preceding genera, the mentum feebly concave anteriorly; the mandibles are bidentate externally; the prolongation of the metasternum between the middle coxse, the suture being completely obsolete, is unusually broad, narrowing to the very obtuse over- hanging apex. The tarsi are slender, the claws simple and only slightly unequal in size and the antennal club is moderate in both sexes. Our single, but not truly native, species is the following: Body elongate-oval, convex, the elytra somewhat flattened medially, highly polished throughout and completely glabrous below as well as above, pale brownish-flavate in color, with complex black and feebly submetallic spots and vittae; head moderate, minutely punc- tate laterally, the clypeus triangular, with straight sides and rather sharply bidentate, somewhat reflexed apex, its surface strongly and IO2 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA densely punctate except basally, the suture only visible laterally; color flavate, broadly metallic black laterally but not on the clypeus; prothorax strongly, evenly convex, not twice as wide as long, with feebly rounded, somewhat post-medially subprominent sides and very broadly lobed base, the bead wholly wanting at base but almost entire at apex, thick and convex at the sides; apical angles rather sharp, the basal somewhat obtuse though only blunt at tip; surface impunctate, very even and sculpturelefs, metallic-black, flavate at base, except medially, also broadly at the sides, there inclosing an elongate black spot, also with three flavate apical spots, the medial prolonged and vittiform, the lateral triangular, also with two oblique linear discal pale spots converging toward the middle basally; scutellum but very slightly longer than wide, narrowly parabolic, smooth and pale, with black margins; elytra but little longer than wide, a fifth wider than the prothorax, strongly rounded behind, polished and without sculpture, the female with a short oblique ridge at each side angulating the edge, wanting in the male, flavate in color, the suture and three posterior vittae black, the external more oblique and joining the others posteriorly, the vittae generally anteriorly prolonged in finer lines but never to the base; humeral region with some irregular black markings; pygidium smooth (cf ) or with a few scratches laterally ( 9 ), piceous, pale at the sides in the latter but with only two apical pale spots in the former sex; under surface sharply variegated with flavate and black. Length (cf 9 ) 13.8-16.0 mm.; width 7.8-9.2 mm. Southern Florida. formosa Burm. To describe the maculation in any way completely, would require a large amount of verbiage; it is a rather common species in Cuba and Haiti and is apparently not uncommon also in Florida. Polymcechus Lee. The Parastasiids, of which Polymcechus may be considered an aberrant member and the only one known from the American con- tinents, are altogether one of the most anomalous of the smaller divisions in this part of the Scarabseidae, having affinities in several external directions, as for instance toward the Dynastinse in the case of Polymcechus. In fact the Parastasiids do not hold together among themselves at all well, the habitus of Parastasia, Peperonota and Polymcechus being notably divergent, to such a degree that even Lacordaire himself, in a letter written to LeConte and quoted by the latter under his original description, declares unconditionally that Polymcechus can be nothing else than a Dynastid. Cnemida, included by Lacordaire in the group, is not alluded to by Dr. Ohaus in his interesting review of the RUTELIN/E 103 Parastasiids (Deut. Ent. Zeit., 1900, p. 225); this puzzling genus is a Cetoniid in almost every way, including a strong habital resemblance in that direction, excepting only that the tarsal claws are thoroughly Rutelid, it forming one of those exceptions rendering a rigorous definition of major groups so difficult in such large and long established families as the Scarabaeidae. In PolymcEchus the body is almost exactly as in Ligyrus in general features of form, coloration and sculpture, but the eyes and antennal club of the male are notably more developed, and the peculiar dentition of the anterior tibiae and in part widely cleft tarsal claws, betray its very wide distinction. Its anatomical characters are given by G. H. Horn (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., 1882, p. 121) and some misstatements of the latter, due to the persistent refusal of that author to employ adequate optical means of amplification, corrected by Ohaus (1. c., p. 258), so that no detailed account is necessary at the present time. The species are few in number and individually rare, or at least seldom taken by collectors; those in my collection may be known as follows : Form cylindric-oval, strongly convex, shining, castaneous to black in color throughout, glabrous, the sterna with long, moderately dense yellowish hairs; head slightly (cf ) to very much ( 9 ) less than half as wide as the prothorax, linearly rugulose and punctulate, discretely punctate basally, the eyes (cf) convex, prominent and separated by fully twice their width, or ( 9 ) smaller, less convex and separated by two and one-half times their width; clypeus slightly concave, twice as wide as long, the edges strongly reflexed, the apex sharply bidentate and strongly upturned, the dividing sinus continuing posteriorly on the disk as a slightly impressed line, bounded anteriorly by two acute ridges extending posteriorly from the teeth; sides becoming parallel basally; antennal club (G?) longer than the stem, or ( 9 ) much shorter, though fully as long as the shorter stem in that sex; prothorax evenly and strongly convex, three-fourths wider than long, the sides subevenly rounded, becoming parallel, viewed dorsally, in about basal half; apical sinus very feeble, the angles extremely short and obtuse, the basal obtuse and rather narrowly rounded; base feebly lobed medially, without trace of beading, the apical bead coarse and entire, the lateral fine and reflexed; punctures rather strong, somewhat well separated, closer laterad, becoming minute and remote medio-basally; scutellum well developed, wider than long, almost perfectly smooth, the sparse punctulation ex- tremely minute; elytra not wider than the prothorax, a fifth longer than wide, rapidly and very obtusely rounded at apex, the sides subparallel, feebly arcuate posteriorly; surface with regular and feebly impressed coarse striae of very shallow, annular punctures, the second IO4 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA interval rugulose and with similar confused punctures broadly throughout; pygidium finely, sparsely punctate, rugulose basally, smoother in the male; metasternum short and rather broad between the middle coxae, flat, abruptly, steeply sloping anteriorly; prosternal process very short, triangular; anterior tibiae with the two external teeth extremely and peculiarly approximate and near the base of the apical process; hind tibiae shorter than the femora and about equal in length to the rather slender tarsi. Length (cf 9 ) 14.5-15.8 mm.; width 8.5-9.0 mm.; length of antennal club (cf ) 2.25; (9 ) i-45 mm. New York to North Carolina (Southern Pines) and westward to Illinois brevipes Lee. A — Similar to brevipes but rather smaller in size; head similar but with still larger and more prominent eyes, these separated in the male by only three-fourths more than their own width; prothorax similar but shorter, four-fifths wider than long; elytral striation still coarser and more impressed. Length (cf ) 14.0 mm.; width 7.6 mm. Indiana discernens n. subsp. Form cylindric-oval and very convex, still stouter than in brevipes, shining, black or piceous-black; head and clypeus (cf) similar, except that the latter is shorter, more than twice as wide as long; antennal club much longer than the stem, the sixth and seventh joints of which are similarly oblique but less transverse; eyes in the male very convex, separated by distinctly less than twice their width; prothorax differing decidedly in outline, widest at base, the sides thence moderately converging and feebly, evenly arcuate to the very obtuse apical angles, viewed dorsally, but with the usual medial arcuation when viewed obliquely, less transverse, about three-fifths wider than the medial length, which is greater, owing to the more prominent median lobe; lateral bead turning more into the base than in brevipes; apex still more nearly truncate; punctuation and sublateral pit similar; scutellum a little larger, fully two-fifths as wide as an elytron; elytra barely longer than wide, almost similar in form and sculpture; pygidium rather more punctured; under sur- face and legs nearly similar, except that the tarsi are a little shorter and thicker, the widely diverging arms of the ungual cleft shorter and apically more obtuse. Length (cf) 15.5 mm.; width 9.0 mm.; length of antennal club 2.4 mm. Pennsylvania. . conicicollis n. sp. I think there can be comparatively little doubt that conicicollis is truly a different species, as shown by its stouter outline and shorter elytra, conical and less transverse prothorax, slightly longer antennal club and still larger eyes; especially, also, by the some- what larger scutellum. Tribe GENIATINI. The following Geniatids seem to be undescribed, or at least I have not been able to find descriptions fitting them at all closely: RUTELIN.E 105 *Bolax vittatus n. sp. — Body unusually large, oblong, moderately convex, shining, glabrous, pale flavo-testaceous, the head and pronotum black, the latter with pale sides dilated at apex and behind the middle, the head gradually rufo-piceous anteriorly; elytra pale, the broader flat intervals black, the second stripe more or less finely disintegrated and the lateral of the four narrow and partially pallid; head large, four-sevenths as wide as the prothorax, the punctures coarse, slightly separated, gradu- ally fine toward base, the clypeus large, semicircular, with still coarser and more confluent punctures, the margins all distinctly reflexed, the suture fine, transverse, distinct, still finer at the sides; eyes large, promi- nent; prothorax short, very transverse, two and one-half times as wide as the median length, the sides broadly rounded, more converging and less arcuate from well behind the middle to the very prominent and sharp apical angles, widest near basal third, the moderately obtuse basal angles rounded; base with a rather fine bead broadly interrupted at the middle; apical sinus very deep, transverse at the bottom; surface with a longi- tudinally crescentiform impression very near each side, the punctures fine and sparse, becoming still finer and sparser laterally; scutellum ogival, rather strongly, evenly and loosely punctate; elytra slightly inflated and with arcuate sides behind basal fourth, not quite a third longer than wide, behind the middle as wide as the prothorax but at base distinctly narrower, three times as long, rounded in apical third, the wide flat dark intervals confusedly and rather strongly punctate, separated by narrower, convex and minutely, very sparsely punctulate pale inter- vals; pygidium glabrous, transversely, densely rugose, becoming smooth and sparsely punctate medially; legs slender, the hind tibiae not surate, the larger claw of all the tarsi arcuate, deeply incised at apex, the posterior longer and with relatively less deep incisure; all the tarsi with spiniform hairs beneath. Length (9) 20.8 mm.; width 10.3 mm. Isthmus of Panama (Culebra), — Gaillard. Differs from magnus Bates, in having the prothorax widest behind, and not before, the middle, in the finer thoracic punctures and rather differently punctured elytra; the larger punctures of the flat intervals are mingled with very minute sparse punctulation, like that pervading the narrower convex intervals. *Leucothyreus cephalotes n. sp. — Body small, convex, rather slender, parallel, polished, black and glabrous, with feeble metallic lustre above, black and rather shining, with fine decumbent separated hairs beneath, nearly wanting broadly toward the middle, and short slender testaceous legs; head five-sixths as wide as the prothorax, evenly convex, finely, sparsely punctate, the clypeus short, between two and three times as wide as long, circularly rounded, gradually moderately reflexed anter- iorly, the punctures coarse and rugose apically, thence gradually smaller and sparse basally, the suture very fine and obsolete, barely traceable; eyes very moderate but convex and prominent; prothorax short, rather more than twice as wide as long, widest at the middle, the sides evenly and slightly arcuate, the basal angles more than right but very sharp, io6 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA not in the least blunt, the apical but little produced beyond the median part of the broadly arcuate apex, which becomes sinuate laterally; base without marginal bead, the apex with a bead only near the sides; surface evenly convex, with rather small but strong, sparse punctures, equally distributed throughout; scutellum broadly ogival and very obtuse, punctured except peripherally and at the middle; elytra a third longer than wide, rounded in posterior two-fifths, equal in width to the prothorax and less than three times as long, parallel at the sides; surface with strong and rather confused loose sculpture, the punctures in large part linearly arranged, especially toward the suture; pygidium with coarse transverse strigose sculpture, having short white pubescence laterally; tarsi albido- pilose beneath. Length (cf ) 9.8 mm.; width 4.8 mm. Costa Rica. The only species known to me from near the habitat of this species is femoratus Burm., and this, as figured in the Biologia, is very much stouter. The hind femora in the above type are not modified, although it seems to be a male. *Leucothyreus bakeri n. sp. — Body stout, oval, very convex, glabrous, very shining, black, with evident metallic lustre, varying from obscure to brighter subcupreous, the under surface rufo-piceous, with very small sparse decumbent hairs laterally and throughout on the posterior coxae, the legs darker, with bright greenish-metallic lustre; head large, evenly and moderately convex, finely, sparsely punctate, more densely at the extreme base; clypeus more than twice as wide as long, subtrapezoidal, broadly arcuato-truncate at apex, with broadly rounded angles and with rather stronger punctures than on the head, sparse medially, dense later- ally, the edges all finely and abruptly reflexed, the suture fine, transverse, distinct throughout; eyes well developed, convex and prominent; pro- thorax transverse, rather more than twice as wide as long, the sides broadly arcuate, converging apically, subparallel basally, the basal angles obtuse and rounded, the apical projecting well beyond the median trans- verse part of the apical sinus; surface evenly convex, with small but strong, sparse punctures equally distributed throughout; base not beaded but with a rather strong median lobe; scutellum nearly as in the preceding; elytra about a fourth longer than wide, slightly inflated behind, at base fully as wide as the prothorax, posteriorly much wider, fully three time? as long as the prothorax, having even coarse impressed striae, which are finely, confusedly and closely punctate; pygidium with coarse deep strigose sculpture, becoming upwardly oblique in direction laterally, coarsely punctate medio-basally and with minute white hairs apically toward the sides: anterior and middle tarsi densely albido-pilose beneath, the pos- terior compressed and with few longer hairs; larger claw of all the tarsi cleft; anterior tibiae only bidentate externally, the posterior feebly surate. Length (9) 12.3-13.0 mm.; width 7.2-8.0 mm. Brazil (Para), — C. F. Baker. The pronotum along the base laterally is feebly impressed, some- what as in cephalotes and others of this genus, but the oval form of DYNASTIISLE 107 the body and simply bidentate anterior tibiae might possibly imply generic difference, which would be revealed more decisively in the male. Subfamily DYNASTIN^. This great subfamily, comprising a remarkable variety of form and habitus, includes among its host of species the largest of the known Scarabaeidae. There are many structural features common to the Dynastinae and Rutelinae, for example the corneous ligula is soldered rigidly to the men turn and the almost uniformly lo-jointed antennae always have a 3-jointed club in both subfamilies. The Dynastinae differ radically, however, in having the tarsal claws equal in size, excepting the anterior in the males of certain species; but there are some genera the assignment of which to the Rutelinae, Dynastinae or Cetoniinae it is difficult if not impossible to decide under our present knowledge. The mandibles are nearly always exposed, though concealed in most of the Cheiroplatids, and are generally in part ciliate, and the anterior coxae are transverse and deeply seated. It is unsafe to add further to these few diagnostic characters, in view of the diversities of structure and the numerous exceptions, further than to say that corneous thoracic and cephalic processes in the males are as characteristic of the Dynastinae, as their absence is of the Rutelinae. It should be added also, that the labrum is always visible in the Rutelinae and almost invariably hidden under the clypeus in the Dynastinae. Excepting in the isolated Cyclocephalini, the clypeus is but rarely truncate as is so frequently the case in the preceding subfamily, but is generally more or less acuminate and reflexed at tip and variously dentate to edentate. The scutellum varies greatly in the Rutelinae, being sometimes small and occasionally enormously developed, but here there is a remarkable uniformity, it being generally very moderate in size. Finally it is to be noted that metallic lustre of the integu- ments is a very common character among the Rutelids but is very rare among the Dynastinae. As far as the North and South American fauna is concerned the tribes may be arranged as follows, the mandibles being corneous throughout: Labial palpi inserted at the sides of the ligular part of the mentum. ... 2 Labial palpi inserted on the inner face of the ligular plate 7 io8 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA 2 — Pronotum similar in the sexes, except in the Cheiroplatids, never having elongate corniform processes in the male 3 Pronotum dissimilar in the sexes, having more or less developed corniform processes in the male as a rule, either on the prothorax alone or on both the head and pronotum 5 3 — Post-coxal process of the prosternum obsolete as in Agaocephalini; slender filiform hind tarsi and slender mandibles nearly as in Cyclo- cephalini, the elytra similarly variegated in color but with thicker integument; clypeus as in Pentodontini; pronotum with an asexual indentation; middle and hind tibiae densely and asperately sculp- tured; antennal club long, especially in the male. . *ORYCTOMORPHINI Post-coxal process distinct as usual, though sometimes nearly concealed in a thick brush of hair; tibiae never sculptured as in the preceding tribe 4 4 — Pronotum never impressed or foveate; tarsi slender and Melolonthid in form, the anterior usually strongly modified in the male; mandibles usually slender, broader in the Dyscinetids; integuments not very dense as a rule, sometimes very thin and frequently variegated in color; stridulating structures always wanting. .. CYCLOCEPHALINI Pronotum with or without an anterior impression, which is always asexual except in the Cheiroplatids; tarsi shorter and more tapering, with triangular and externally produced basal joint as in Oryctini; anterior tarsi unmodified in the male, except in Ligyrodes, Hetero- nychus and Corynoscelis; integuments thick, never variegated in color; body generally stout in form, with or without stridulating apparatus PENTODONTINI 5 — Tarsi shorter, more tapering, with triangular basal joint as in Pen- todontini ORYCTINI Tarsi long, filiform though thick, the basal joint not or scarcely trian- gular 6 6 — Post-coxal process of the prosternum large and evident; body very large in size, smooth, never metallic.. DYNASTINI Post-coxal process obsolete; body smaller, the corniform processes less developed; coloration frequently metallic — a very exceptional character in the subfamily *AGAOCEPHALINI 7 — Body generally more or less oblong and flattened above, usually deep black in color and with thick, dense and strongly sculptured integu- ments; crests and tubercles of the head and pronotum similar in the sexes as a rule; tarsi nearly as in Oryctini PHILEURINI The tribes Oryctomorphini and Agaocephalini are almost purely South American and need not be dwelt upon more fully at this time; the former, as represented by Oryctomorpha, is in fact confined to Chile; it is so composite and isolated in structure, that to place it near the Pentodontini in the table would destroy the desirable continuity brought about by placing Ligyrodes next after Dyscinetus and the Oryctini immediately after Bothynus and Anastrategus of the Pentodontini; so I have eliminated it from the general series DYNASTIN/E 109 and placed it at the head, its many analogies with the Cyclocephalini demanding that it be not far removed therefrom in any event. The Agaocephalini are represented north of Panama only by two species so far as known — Lycomedes mniszechi and beltianus. These two tribes are introduced above merely for comparison and in order that the entire Dynastid fauna of the western hemisphere may be more fully represented in the table. Tribe CYCLOCEPHALINI. The American continents are the true home of this tribe and here they exist in great number and variety, both generically and specif- ically. Only two genera, as understood by Lacordaire, belong to the old world fauna — Brachyscelis and Peltonotus, but the latter, .as well as the genus Pachylus, has recently been transferred to the Rutelinse by Mr. Arrow. There are no sexual differences pertaining to the head or pronotum, but the anterior tarsi are decidedly modified in the males of all but one or two genera, being stouter than in the female, with the last joint swollen as a rule and having the claws extremely unequal, the larger very stout, usually dentate within and abruptly bent at base and unequally cleft at tip, the upper ramus small and slender, sometimes wanting as in Cyclo- cephala signata; occasionally the larger claw is of a radically different structure, being divaricately forked, as in Dichromina and Palechus. The tarsi are slender and filiform, generally long and more Melo- lonthid in structure than Dynastid. Lacordaire assumes con- siderable importance for the frequent immargination of the pronotal base, but there is so much diversity in the conformation of the basal margin, that it is really not so significant as it would appear; in many forms the edge is wholly without beading or the so-called margin, as in many Rutelids, as well as in most of the Pentodontini, but in almost as many more it takes the form either of a fine entire doubling of the edge, as in Cyclocephala proper, or a thick and more or less entire marginal bead, best developed in Augoderia, Har- poscelis, Anoplocephalus and in one group of Stigmalia, but fre- quently seen toward the sides of the base in species of other genera, either as a rule or exceptionally. The large number of species in the heterogeneous Cyclocephala of Burmeister and Lacordaire, lend themselves very well to generic subdivision so far as now seems no MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA apparent, though not exactly upon the lines serving as bases for group division assumed by those authors. The genera, as based upon material in my collection, all have lO-jointed antennae and may be separated as follows: Mandibles slender 2 Mandibles broad, rounded externally, concealed almost entirely under the clypeus; body elongate, subcylindric or oval, generally black, the clypeus short, trapezoidal, sinuate or sinuato-truncate at apex; pygidium of the same general form as in Cydocephala 18 2 — Pygidium moderate in size; anterior tibiae tridentate 3 Pygidium very large and convex; anterior tibiae bidentate, the teeth long and slender; middle coxae subcontiguous 17 3 — Intermesocoxal surface rather broad, polished and evidently convex though not prominent; pronotum with a thick and strong entire basal bead; elytra coarsely and deeply, confusedly punctate, without striation of any kind; color pale, with black spots and transversely sinuous elytral maculation; pygidium dull, finely and extremely densely granulato-rugulose; clypeus rather short, broadly, evenly parabolic, strongly and closely sculptured, the suture distinct and entire; mentum hairy, the ligula small, subquadrate [Type A. nitidula Burm.] Brazil *Augoderia Burm. Intermesocoxal surface flat, generally narrow; pronotum not or only partially or very minutely beaded at base, the bead strong and entire in one group of Stigmalia; pygidium never densely dull; elytra always with partially striate sculpture 4 4 — Head larger, never less than half as wide as the prothorax 5 Head small, nearly always less than half as wide as the prothorax. . . .7 5 — Posterior tarsi with the basal joint slightly produced externally at apex; body oblong, testaceous in color, not maculate, finely sculp- tured; clypeus large, transversely quadrate, with rounded angles and transverse, feebly reflexed margin; legs slender. [Type A, singularis Bates] Central America *Aspidolea Bates Posterior tarsi with the basal joint slender, sometimes a little shorter than the second and stouter, especially in the female, but never very markedly produced externally; body large to moderate in size. .6 6 — Head very large, two-thirds as wide as the prothorax; clypeus large, flat, subquadrate, with broadly rounded angles and arcuate, feebly reflexed apex; body stout, subcylindric, the type deep black and shining throughout, strongly sculptured, the elytra with coarsely punctured sulci. [Type Cydocephala carbonaria Arrow] Isthmus of Panama *Mononidia n. gen. Head moderately large, one-half to three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the clypeus large, flat, nearly as in the preceding but with the apex feebly or moderately sinuate medially and the edge scarcely at all reflexed; pronotum unmargined or strongly margined at base; elytra generally with fine, moderately punctate striae or in great part with confused sparse punctulation; body elongate-oval, similarly very convex, pallid in coloration, with or without black spots; DYNASTIISME 1 1 1 middle coxae narrowly separated, the intervening surface concealed by tawny hairs. [Type Cyclocephala mafa/a Burm.] Mexico and Central America *Stigmalia n. gen. 7 — Ligula deeply impressed, the apex more or less acutely bilobate; mentum not impressed at base 8 Ligula not deeply impressed, nor with the apex strongly bilobed; mentum not impressed at base 10 Ligula very small, truncate, slightly convex; mentum convex, bristling with coarse hairs, having basally a large and very deep angulate concavity; mandibles and labrum very small, concealed; body oblong, convex, the type deep black, shining and with strongly sulcate elytra, somewhat as in Mononidia; clypeus trapezoidal, concave and much reflexed apically, the apex deeply and rather narrowly sinuate and prominently bilobed, the suture obsolete; front tumid centrally; pro- notum with a thick entire basal bead; middle coxae barely at all separated; legs slender, the filiform tarsi very much longer than the tibiae, the claws unusually large and long. [Type A. cribrifrons Schf.] Sonoran regions Anoplocephalus Schf. 8 — Middle coxae contiguous or virtually so, the very narrow intermediate surface concealed by dense bristling hair; body of rather large size, varied in coloration from entirely pale to wholly black, generally with feeble elytral sculpture; pronotum unmargined at base, though often with an evident bead near the sides; clypeus more or lesf acutely ogival in form; abdomen normal. [Type Cyclocephala scarabceoides Burm.] Neotropics and northward to Arizona. Ancognatha Erichs. Middle coxae rather widely separated, the intermediate surface flat and glabrous; posterior pronotal edge finely double 9 9 — Body oblong-oval, convex, pallid, with few small dark elytral spots; head about half as wide as the prothorax, the clypeus nearly as long as wide, narrowly parabolic, gradually and rather strongly reflexed apically, the periphery very finely and equally beaded throughout; mentum more convex than in the preceding; ligula deeply impressed at apex, the lobes limiting the deep sinus acute as in Ancognatha. [Type Cyclocephala maculata Burm.] Cayenne and the Amazon regions *Mimeoma n. gen. Body more elongate-oval, the habitus more as in Cyclocephala signata, the elytra pallid, with a few black dashes; clypeus flat, feebly trape- zoidal, with rounded sides and broadly rounded angles, the apex but feebly reflexed and deeply sinuate medially; mentum quadrate, rather convex, the abruptly moderately narrow ligula not deeply concave, broadly sinuate at apex between the bluntly dentiform prominences, the legs notably slender as in the preceding genus. [Type Cyclocephala discicollis Arrow] Isthmus of Panama. *Diapatalia n. gen. 10 — Abdomen generally normal and with the segments subequal in length in both sexes, sometimes with the fifth segment (cf ) a little longer than the others; body moderate to rather small in size 1 1 Abdomen (cf ) with the first four segments very short, together not as long as the last two combined, or ( 9 ) normal and with subequal H2 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA segments, the mentum densely hairy in the former, nude in the latter, sex; legs stout, the middle coxae rather well separated. . . . 16 n — Ligula small, sharply pointed, the palpi projecting from the sides of the point; mentum small, oval, feebly convex, sparsely punctured and clothed with very long erect pubescence; body oblong, stout, moderate in size, convex; clypeus short, with the sides near the sharply reflexed arcuate apex usually sinuate for a short distance; mandibles slender, slightly everted at tip; middle coxae widely separated; sterna conspicuously pubescent; legs moderate, the tarsi slender and rather long. [Type S. nubecnla n. sp.]. Sonoran regions Spilosota n. gen. Ligula abruptly much narrower than the mentum, flat or nearly so, truncate to sinuate at tip 12 Ligula broad, transverse, almost as wide as the mentum 15 12 — Hind tarsi much shorter in the female than in the male as a rule, but always slender and much longer than the tibiae 13 Hind tarsi very short, generally much shorter than the tibiae in both sexes; body more elongate 14 13 — Body oblong, generally somewhat depressed, pallid, the pronotum usually with two large dark spots, the elytra with oblique lines, sometimes resolved into a few spots, frequently sparsely pubescent; clypeus large, flat, feebly subtrapezoidal, with rounded sides, broadly arcuate, finely and feebly reflexed apex and broadly rounded angles; middle coxae always well separated; posterior edge of the pronotum invariably finely double. [Type Melolontha signata Fabr.] Neo- tropical regions *Cyclocephala Latr. Body oblong-oval, more convex, of very uniform pale b'rownish-yellow or flavate coloration, usually immaculate in the subarctic regions but frequently with more or less feeble and transversely sinuous elytral ornanientation in the tropics, the elytra sometimes sparsely pubescent; clypeus shorter, more reflexed at apex, subtrapezoidal to semicircular, more coarsely sculptured than in the preceding but similarly never sinuate; middle coxae only narrowly separated; posterior edge of the pronotum never finely double as in the pre- ceding, always immarginate medially, sometimes with feeble beading laterally. [Type Melolontha immaculata Oliv.] North and South America Ochrosidia n. gen. 14 — Form elongate-oval, convex and shining, pallid and immaculate, the head and prothorax generally darker than the elytra; clypeus smaller, more trapezoidal, still more reflexed at tip and differing from any of the preceding genera in being more or less evidently angulate at each side of the apex, which is more truncate; middle coxae narrowly separated; base of the pronotum generally beaded toward the sides; larger claw of the anterior male tarsi broadly forked or divaricate at tip. [Type Cyclocephala dimidiata Burm.] Sonoran regions of North America Dichromina n. gen. Form and general habitus nearly as in the preceding genus throughout but with the hind tarsi not quite so short, the posterior being notably longer than the tibiae in the male, though distinctly shorter than the tibiae in the female, differing principally in the normal, unequally DYNASTIN/E 113 split larger claw and in the form of the clypeus, which is nearly flat, feebly sculptured, larger in size, feebly trapezoidal, with arcuate apex and broadly rounded angles, the apex moderately reflexed and without trace of lateral angulation. [Type H. divisa n. sp.] Neo- tropics *Homochromina n. gen. 15 — Form elongate-oval, strongly convex, very shining, the type deep black throughout, the elytra with transverse rufous ornamentation; clypeus large, flat, semicircular, the apex moderately reflexed, feebly sculptured, the suture very fine, sinuous; base of the pronotum with a strong entire double edge; middle coxae distinctly separated. [Type Cyclocephala fasciolata Bates] Mexico. . *Halotosia n. gen. 16 — Body elongate-oval, convex, very highly polished and almost com- pletely sculptureless; elytra of peculiar form, more narrowed pos- teriorly and but little longer than the head and prothorax, the latter unusually elongate and but little wider than long, the basal edge finely double; clypeus large, feebly trapezoidal, with arcuate sides, rounded angles and arcuato-truncate, feebly reflexed apex, only very slightly sculptured; middle coxae slightly separated; tarsi long and slender. [Type Melolontha castanea Fabr.] Tropical South America —Guyana *Aclinidia n. gen. 17 — Outline oblong-suboval, strongly convex, highly polished, almost completely sculptureless and monochromatic as in the preceding genus; clypeus very large and broad, nearly flat, feebly sculptured, parallel at the sides, the truncate apex broadly sinuate medially, the angles rounded, the periphery strongly beaded, thickly at apex, which is unreflexed ; pronotum of peculiar form, the feebly converging sides sinuate basally, the angles distinct; base margined laterally; ligula small, subquadrate; middle coxae contiguous; anterior tarsi (cf ) with short basal joints and very large claw-joint as in the preceding genus. [Type Apagonia emarginata Mann.] Brazil. *Erioscelis Burm. 1 8 — Anterior tarsi modified sexually, the claws unequal in the male as in all the preceding genera; tip of the prosternal process bulbose or en- larged 19 Anterior tarsi similar in the male and female, slender 20 19 — Pygidium free, glabrous; body subcylindric, the elytra briefly inflated at the middle in the female, variably sculptured but always in part linearly; clypeus short, strongly trapezoidal, sinuato-truncate at apex; mentum large, smooth, not very convex, the ligula much constricted; base of the pronotum never margined; legs slender, the middle coxae contiguous. [Type Melolontha geminata Fabr.] Neosubarctic regions to Brazil. ( Chalepns MacL.) Dyscinetus Harold Pygidium shorter, united rigidly to the propygidium, having long con- spicuous pubescence; body more oval, more acute at apex, the elytra more nearly covering the pygidium, especially in the female, where its sides are similarly obtusely prominent at the middle; other char- acters nearly as in Dyscinetus, except that the ligula is broad and not T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. ii4 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA abruptly narrower than the mentum, the latter setose. [Type Scarabceus barbatus Fabr.] Neotropics *Parachalepus n. gen. 20 — Body nearly as in Dyscinetus, but with the elytra more deeply sulcate and the hind tibiae stouter; post-coxal process of the prosternum long, gradually acuminate, differing radically from the form assumed in either of the preceding genera; mentum generally more tumid centrally. [Type Geotrupes laborator Fabr.] Neotropics, more especially in South America *Stenocrates Burm. In this scheme I have been obliged to omit three of Burmeister's genera: Pachylus, which having 9-jointed antennae and the outer claw of all the tarsi dentate beneath, should form a separate tribe— of the Rutelinae according to Arrow,- — Democrates, distinguished from all the others by the long acuminate mentum and Harposcelis. In addition to these the number of genera will be increased con- .siderably by types which are still unknown to me. Mr. Gilbert J. Arrow (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.) describes, for instance, a number of Central American Cyclocephalid species, some of which, besides those noted above, such as acuta, prolongata and brevissima, appar- ently betoken special generic types and such forms as fuliginea, curta, proba and nigerrima, as figured in the Biologia, would cer- tainly seem to indicate still other genera or subgenera. Mononidia n. gen. The general habitus of the type of this genus is quite unlike that of any other species known to me, either in nature or by description ; this is due largely to the intensely black shining surface, large head, cylindric form and sulcate elytra. The mandibles are slender, parallel, obtusely rounded at tip, with the lower part of the surface at apex swollen; they are exposed, when open, at the sides of the very large clypeus; the maxillary galea is bifid at apex as usual and the palpi are very moderate in development. The mentum is oval, slightly elongate, evenly convex, coarsely and sparsely punctate, having stiff sparse hairs arising from the punctures, and the apex or ligular part is abruptly constricted, its apex transverse and with a very minute median notch. The antennas and eyes are of moder- ate size and proportion. The type may be described as follows: Body of rather large size, cylindric, parallel, strongly convex, shining and deep black throughout, the palpi and antennae piceous; sterna gla- brous; head large, with sparse and moderate punctures throughout, the clypeus arcuate, broadly but moderately reflexed and sculpture- DYNASTIN.E 115 less apically, the suture extremely fine and feeble; prothorax rather more than twice as wide as the medial length, the sides broadly rounded, gradually very moderately converging before the middle, the apex broadly, deeply sinuate, the prominent angles well defined, the basal obtuse and rounded; marginal bead thick and strong, flatter but entire at apex, minutely angulate at the middle, wholly obsolete throughout the basal margin; punctures rather large, sparsely and subevenly disposed throughout; scutellum ogival, minutely and remotely punctulate; elytra but little longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax, slightly inflated except basally, rapidly and very obtusely rounded at apex, the surface with very coarse and somewhat irregular, broadly and rather deeply impressed sulci, each with a well spaced series of rather small shallow punctures along the bottom; pygidium transverse, moderately convex, with rather coarse shallow circular and close-set punctures basally, each bearing a short, centrally placed hair, the punctures gradually finer and sparse apically but with similar short stiff hairs; middle coxa3 narrowly separated ; legs slender, the tarsi ( 9 ) slender and filiform; abdominal segments subequal, each with a transverse series of rather large shallow annular punctures, bearing very small hairs, the punctures obsolete medially. Length (9) 21.5 mm.; width 12.0 mm. Isthmus of Panama (Culebra Cut), — Gaillard. [ Cyclo- cephala carbonaria Arrow] *carbonaria Arrow The lateral edges of the elytra are only very feebly thickened and a little more arcuate at the middle in the female. Stigmalia n. gen. This is a large genus, wholly neotropical and above the average in point of corporeal size, including in fact the largest species of the tribe. It comprises several types of coloration and pronotal structure but otherwise is homogeneous, and it appears to be a genus in a true sense of the word. The ornamentation types are represented by mafaffa, lucida, gregaria and atricapilla, as denned below, but a surprising and unexpected structural character sharply divides the mafaffa section into two groups, having ornamentation so absolutely similar that on first glance they would be unhesi- tatingly placed together as a single species; in one of these groups, mafaffa proper, the base of the pronotum is completely immarginate, as is the general rule in Stigmalia, while in the other, represented wholly by apparently undescribed species, there is an entire basal bead, as thick and conspicuous as in the genus Augoderia, showing more clearly than in any other instance known to me, the lack of taxonomic value possessed by the modification of the posterior n6 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA edge of the pronotum, at least in some parts of this tribe. Again, the basal joint of the hind tarsi, which are at least moderately long in both sexes, is shorter in the female than in the male, some- times, as in lucida, but slightly and scarcely differing in form from the succeeding joints, but occasionally notably shorter and more triangular, with the outer angle somewhat produced and acute, a character to be considered in noting the diagnosis of Aspidolea, as given by Bates and quoted in the above table. The mandibles and mentum are very much as in Mononidia, but the mentum is flatter and less punctate to impunctate and the mandibles, though tumid beneath, are apt to be more or less prominent externally at the obtuse apex, though not everted as they generally are in Cyclo- cephala and Aclinidia. The antennal club is notably small in both sexes as a rule and never so long as the preceding seven joints combined, except in atricapilla, an aberrant type in the genus and having stouter mandibles, where it becomes much longer. The species in my collection may be known as follows: Elytral suture dark in color, generally dilated at the middle and behind the scutellum; pronotum impunctate and bivittate with black. . . .2 Elytral suture pale in color or so in great part 7 2 — Base of the pronotum with a thick entire bead as in Augoderia 3 Base without trace of marginal beading 6 3 — Median black dilatation greatly expanded, forming a large spot almost confluent with the large basal black area and extending to outer third of the elytra; sculpture of the latter strong. Body stout, oblong, convex, shining, glabrous above and on the pygidium, the sterna with some short fulvous pubescence laterally; head rather more than half as wide as the prothorax, blackish, smooth and dull throughout, impunctate, except sparsely and finely toward the sides and about the apical parts of the large clypeus, which is as long as the entire head behind it, three-fourths wider than long, the sides parallel and straight in basal half, then gradually rounded, becoming subrectilinearly oblique to the broadly rounded angles, the feebly sinuate part of the apex not quite half as wide as the base, the margins finely beaded throughout, very feebly and gradually reflexed at apex, the surface nearly flat, the suture extremely fine and feeble; prothorax four-fifths wider than long, the sides broadly, evenly rounded, more converging apically than basally, the apical angles acute and sharp, the basal rounded; black vittae broad, bisinuate externally, expanded greatly at apex and base, coalescent apically and attaining the hind angles at base, the sublateral black spot distinct; bead black and entire throughout; scutellum rufous, in- fuscate at ^he margins, almost sculptureless; elytra a fourth longer than wide, a little wider than the prothorax, the series coarsely im- DYNASTIN/E 117 pressed and the scattered punctures rather coarse, becoming not- ably fine, sparse and feeble toward the sides, where ( 9 ) the edge is only very feebly swollen at the middle, the short flattened margin being there very narrow and inconspicuous; pygidium smooth, almost punctureless, finely and feebly punctate laterally, the apical margin with the usual fulvous fringe; ventral segments each with a close-set series of setiferous punctures laterally near apical third; under surface piceous, the legs black. Length (9) 20.0 mm.; width 11.7 mm. Mexico (Cuernavaca, Morelos), — Wickham. *cuernavacana n. sp. Median black dilatation of the sutural vitta small, sometimes wanting; elytral sculpture feebler as a rule 4 4 — Elytra short, but just visibly longer than wide, the median dilatation of the sutural vitta distinct, separated by a very short distance from the large post-scutellar spot, glabrous. Head (cf) slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, not so large as in the preceding, piceous, black basally, sculptured as in the preceding, the clypeus nearly similar, the sides more evenly arcuate and slightly converging from base to the obliterated angles, the medial sinus very feeble, not half as wide as the base; prothorax almost exactly similar throughout in form and coloration but not so short; elytra barely at all wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides, rapidly and very obtusely rounded at apex, the large post-scutellar black region extending almost to the intra-humeral black spot, the usual small discal spot behind the middle distinct; series wholly unimpressed and composed of very small and widely separated! punctures, the punctures of the broad second interval still more minute, fine, but less sparse toward the sides; pygidium castaneous, glabrous, finely punctate, with many scattered coarser punctures toward the sides; under surface blackish, the legs slender as usual and black; abdomen nearly as in the preceding. Length (cT ) 19.5 mm.; width 10.8 mm. Mexico (Guerrero) *fallaciosa n. sp. Elytra elongate, at least a fourth or fifth longer than wide, the medial dilatation of the sutural vitta at a long distance from the scutellar spot; elytra similarly glabrous 5 5 — Body smaller, elongate-oval, convex, shining; head and prothorax throughout almost as in fallaciosa, the latter with the black, exter- nally biemarginate vittse as in the following species and mafa/a, the basal bead strong and entire; elytra nearly as in the preceding in coloration and sculpture, except that the impressed line near inner third is coarser and deeper and the black sutural vitta is not at all expanded at the middle ( 9 ), or with a feeble tendency thereto (cf ) ; surface smooth and shining, though sometimes rugose, probably adventitiously; pygidium (9) smooth, almost punctureless and glabrous, or (cf) with distinct sparse punctures, each bearing a short stiff hair; under surface and legs piceo-rufous; metasternum at the sides sparsely and very moderately punctate and with short stiff sparse fulvous hairs. Length (cf 9 ) 19.0 mm.; width 9.5-10.6 mm. Mexico (Guerrero) *deficiens n. sp. Body much larger, nearly as large as in mafaffa and almost exactly similar n8 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA to the latter in ornamentation and sculpture throughout though more narrowly oval, with a smaller head and with the elytral punc- tures more confused as in the preceding species; head as in the preceding species, finely, sparsely and very inconspicuously punc- tured, the feeble clypeal sinus however broader, rather more than half as wide as the clypeal base, the suture similarly straight and so feeble as to be barely traceable; prothorax similar throughout; scutellum red with black margins; elytra a fourth longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in posterior two-fifths, the lateral swelling of the female rather large but feeble, the short black explanate projection of the edge rather wider than in deficiens but not conspicuous; punctures everywhere small, sparse, impressed and confused; black sutural vitta forming a small quadrate •expansion on each at the middle and a larger rounded post-scutellar •expansion; subhumeral spot quadrate, separated by its own width from the scutellar, the post-medial black spot moderate; pygidium nearly similar in the sexes, very moderately convex, with fine punc- tures, remote (9), or rather more numerous and distinct (cf), the latter with the surface more impressed near the lower margins; abdomen nearly as in all the preceding species; hind tarsi (cf ) much longer, or ( 9 ) evidently shorter, than the tibiae, the basal joint in the latter shorter and stouter than the second joint. Length (d31 9 ) ;2 1. 0-23. 7 mm.; width 11.1-12.2 mm. Mexico (Guerrero), — Baron. *deceptor n. sp. 6 — Body oblong-oval, large in size, stout, convex, strongly shining; head black and less shining throughout, large, three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the eyes better developed than in the preceding section and the clypeal sculpture much coarser and denser, the punctures confluent, slightly separated basally, the front sparsely punctate; suture transverse, feeble; clypeus large, longer than the rest of the head, not quite twice as wide as long, flat, the sides broadly arcuate, becoming parallel basally, the angles obliterated, the sinus feeble, more than half as wide as the base; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, convex, the sides evenly arcuate, but slightly more con- verging anteriorly, the apical angles acute and sharp, the basal broadly rounded; lateral bead strong, rounding the angle and then disappearing, traceable for a short distance by 'a feebly eroded line of punctuation, flat and entire at apex, the coriaceous anterior part with the usual medial angulation; color testaceous, with two approxi- mate black vittae, which are prominent externally at the middle, laterally prolonged at base not quite to the angles, the sublateral medial spot of the preceding section wanting; punctures minute and sparse, becoming more distinct, though sparse, at the sides; scutellum ogival, well developed, pale, margined with black; elytra (9) a fifth longer than wide, with a distinct lateral swelling behind the middle and there a third wider than the prothorax, the marginal projection below the swelling not caused by a deplanation, as in the preceding section, but by a thickening of the edge; color and orna- mentation exactly as in deceptor, the punctures more distinct and in great part disposed in unimpressed series, more confused suturad DYNASTIN^E 119 and toward the sides; pygidium broad, wider than an elytron, mi- nutely, sparsely punctate, polished and glabrous; abdomen and sterna as in the preceding section; hind tarsi (9) barely shorter than the tibiae, the basal joint but little shorter or stouter than the second but more triangular in section. Length (9 ) 26.5 mm.; width 14.2 mm. Mexico (Jalapa). [Cydocephala mafaffa Burm.]. . *mafaffa Burm. A — Nearly similar but not so large and more abbreviated, the color, lustre and ornamentation identical; clypeus much less densely sculptured, the distinct punctures close-set anteriorly but not confluent, sparse in about basal half to the suture, which is effaced though traceable; prothorax similar but a little more transverse, scarcely punctate except sparsely though distinctly near the sides and just before the scutellum; elytra as in mafaffa but shorter, similarly circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, differing other- wise only in having the punctures stronger, these becoming fine but more notably close-set postero-externally; pygidium much smaller in size, scarcely as wide as an elytron; hind tarsi a little shorter and more slender. Length (9 ) 23.0 mm.; width 12.4 mm. Panama? *histrionica n. subsp. 7 — Elytra together with eight or ten black spots, forming a subcircular ring; clypeal sinus very feeble; tarsi rather long in both sexes; pygidium pubescent 8 Elytra each with a large oblique basal, and another large subapical, black area, the two frequently confluent laterally; body not so large in size; clypeal sinus obsolete; tarsi long and slender n Elytra wholly devoid of maculation; body very moderate in size and of more slender form, the antennal club longer; clypeal sinus barely traceable; tarsi much shorter 12 8 — Spot near the scutellum large, sometimes nearly half as long as the elytra and at base more than one-half as wide, in the form of an acute and sharply pointed right-angled triangle. Body elongate-oval, strongly convex, shining, pale brownish-flavate throughout above and beneath, the legs also pale, the dorsal spots black; head more than half as wide as the prothorax, black, the clypeus dark red, opaculate and very coarsely but shallowly punctato-rugose, twice as wide as long (9 ), a little less (cf ), much shorter than the rest of the head, feebly trapezoidal, with slightly arcuate sides and obliterated or very broadly rounded angles, the sinus gradual and extremely feeble; edges slightly but sharply reflexed; suture straight, evident; front strongly but sparsely punctate; prothorax very nearly twice as wide as long, evenly rounded at the sides, more convergent anteriorly to the prominent and acute angles, the basal angles rounded; lateral bead very fine, the apical moderately wide, entire, the basal com- pletely wanting; surface evenly convex, with two approximate and rather large, irregularly black spots, arranged transversely at the central part of the disk, the sublateral dot minute and subobsolete; punctures everywhere sparse, rather small but distinct medially, becoming somewhat coarse laterally (cf ), where they bear each a short erect hair, or still smaller and more glabrous ( 9 ) ; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, barely at all wider than the prothorax, 120 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA circularly rounded behind, the eight spots well denned, the scutellar as large as all the others combined; punctures fine, sparse, becoming confused, closer, more distinct and coarsely but briefly pubiferous laterally, the flanks ( 9 ) feebly and irregularly swollen behind the middle, the edge beneath the swelling with a short but abrupt and rather strong deplanation; pygidium (cf ) rather small, very convex, punctulate and with abundant long stiff erect pale hairs, or ( 9 ) much more transverse, less convex, with fewer and shorter hairs and more alutaceous toward the base and sides; abdomen sparsely, rather strongly punctured throughout; sterna moderately punctured and pubescent; hind tarsi (cf) very much, or ( 9 ) only evidently, longer than the tibiae; antennal club small in both sexes. Length (c? 9 ) 20.0-22.0 mm.; width 8.8-11.4 mm. Mexico (Guerrero). Four examples *triangulifer n. sp. Spot near the scutellum always much larger than any of the others but more rounded, or, if subtriangular, with all the angles much rounded 9 Spot near the scutellum as small as the others and frequently obsolete, all the spots notably small 10 9 — Form oblong-oval, stouter than the preceding and scarcely so convex, very shining; head barely more than half as wide as the prothorax, black, with piceo-rufous clypeus, formed nearly as in the preceding but less coarsely and more feebly rugulose, the front similarly sparsely but more unevenly punctate and more evidently bi-im- pressed; prothorax short, twice as wide as long, throughout nearly as in the preceding but with the sublateral dark discal dot larger and more evident; elytra less elongate, broadly circularly rounded behind, the sculpture nearly similar but with the punctures postero-laterally more irregular, stronger and not quite so evidently pubiferous; edge beneath the post-medial swelling similarly deplanate but with the shelf notably longer and still wider; pygidium (9) with similar sparse punctures, bearing stiff sparse erect hairs, but with the general surface basally and laterally much less finely rugulose and less alu- taceous; abdomen similar; middle coxae more widely separated, the flat intermediate surface not concealed by pubescence as it is in the mafaffa section; hind tarsi about as long as the tibiae in the female, the basal joint stouter, subtriangular. Length (9) 20.0 mm.; width n.o mm. Mexico (Jalapa). [Cyclocephala lucida Burm.] *lucida Burm. A — Similar to luci&a, except that the sparse pronotal punctures are everywhere stronger and more distinct and the two middle spots enlarged and elongated, so that they nearly attain apex and base, narrowly separated along the median line and each with broadly rounded external outline; elytra nearly similar, the female with a shorter shelf under the lateral swelling and the pygidium not uniformly pale in color but with a large black spot at each side of the middle. Length (9) 19.0 mm.; width 10.0 mm. Mexico (Jalapa) *discoidalis Chev. Form oblong-oval, convex, shining; head nearly as in lucida, the clypeus (c?) dark rufous, two-thirds wider than long, shallowly and sparsely DYNASTIN.E 121 but rather coarsely punctato-rugulose, the angles rounding very broadly almost to the base, the sinus subobsolete; suture fine but distinct, nearly rectilinear; prothorax wholly devoid of maculation, excepting the sublateral dark dot, not quite twice as wide as long, formed nearly as in lucida but with much more broadly rounded basal angles and shallower apical sinus, the bottom of the sinus arcuate and not transverse as it is in lucida, the acute apical angles very much shorter than in that species; sparse punctures much larger and deeply impressed throughout, each bearing a rather long stiff erect hair; scutellum more acutely ogival, with rather large scattered punctures basally; elytra similar in form and not obviously wider than the prothorax but a little shorter, only a fifth or sixth longer than wide, the punctures rather less fine and not quite so sparse, with the short erect hair arising from each much more evident; maculation differing in having the subscutellar spot obliquely divided, forming two spots; pygidium (cf ) much less convex, more transverse, more shining and with much less abundant, as well as shorter and stiffer, hairs than in the male of triangnlifer, but prob- ably more closely resembling the male of lucida in those features; abdomen loosely punctured throughout as usual in this section. Length (cf ) 20.0 mm.; width 10.3 mm. Chiriqui. *costaricana n. sp. 10 — Body narrow and elongate-oval, convex, shining, pale brownish- flavate in color above and beneath, the legs pale as usual in this section; two pronotal spots moderate to small, sometimes altogether obsolete; head deep black, sparsely and irregularly punctate, the clypeus red, more coarsely but very shallowly, rather loosely punc- tato-rugulose, similar in the sexes, less than twice as wide as long, the sides rather rapidly converging and broadly arcuate from the base, the angles broadly rounded and the sinus very feeble, all the edges sharply but finely reflexed and blackish; prothorax two-thirds (cf ) to four-fifths ( 9 ) wider than long, the sides strongly, evenly rounded, more converging apically, the angles prominent and very sharp throughout, nearly as in triangnlifer but less transverse, with the middle of the apical sinus much more prominent and rounded, and the erect hairs visible in the male extremely short; scutellum nearly similar, blackish, with a pale streak parallel to the edges; elytra nearly as in triangulifer , except that all the spots are very small, the form also is narrower and the short arcuate shelf under the lateral swelling of the female less broad; pygidium (cf) more elongate, more convex, less punctate and with fewer erect hairs, or ( 9 ) much smaller, less transverse and very much nore acutely rounded at tip, though nearly similar in sculpture and in the rather sparse erect hairs; legs, tarsi and under surface nearly similar. Length (c? 9 ) 18.5-20.5 mm.; width 8.0-10.0 mm. Mexico (Guerrero), — Baron. Five examples *circulifer n. sp. II — Body oblong-oval, rather less convex, strongly shining, dark brown- ish-rufous above, piceo-rufous beneath, the legs black throughout; head black throughout, slightly more than half as wide as the pro- thorax, sparsely and rather feebly punctate, with a median impunc- 122 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA tate line; clypeus three-fourths wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, with arcuate sides and broadly rounded angles, the sinus very feeble; edges thin, slightly reflexed; surface feebly bitumorose medially, shining, finely rugulose in wavy lines; antennal club not quite so long as the six preceding joints; mentum even, sparsely punctulate; prothorax immaculate, rufous, less than twice as wide as long, in form nearly as in lucida, everywhere sparsely punctate, very minutely medially, rather coarsely toward the sides and bearing distinct erect hairs; scutellum transversely ogival, having a fine eroded line of punctures at some distance within the margins, within which line there are scattered small punctures; elytra but little longer than wide, more strongly rounded behind about the middle than in the preceding section, the punctures sparse but distinct though shallow, for the most part in unimpressed lines, becoming stronger, rather dense and confused broadly toward the sides, each puncture with a distinct erect hair; lateral swelling (9 ) moderate, elongate, the edge beneath it forming a short shelf, which is abruptly limited poster- iorly, black, each with a large rufous area before the middle, uniting with the pale suture, which gradually disappears toward the scu- tellum; pygidium transverse, shining, black, finely, sparsely punctu- late and with moderate sparse erect hairs, the surface finely rugulose along the base; sterna and abdomen as in the preceding sections; legs slender, the tarsi very long in both sexes. Length (9) 17.00 mm.; width 8.7 mm. Colombia. [Cyclocephala gregaria Ar.] A single example marked "cotype." *gregaria Arrow 12 — Form rather narrow, cylindric-oval, very convex and shining, pale rufous, the head black, with rufous clypeus, the elytra more tawny- flavate, immaculate throughout above; under surface, pygidium and legs castaneous-red, the tarsi a little darker; head rather large, with notably prominent eyes, three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, finely and sparsely punctate, the median line with a short fossa at base; clypeus as in the preceding species in outline and fine edges, but a little shorter and with the sculpture very fine, feeble and sparsely punctuliform; suture more distinct; antennal club ( 9 ) as long as the entire stem; mentum evenly and moderately convex, minutely, sparsely punctate; prothorax less than twice as wide as long, as in lucida, except that the anterior margin is more prominently arcuate at the middle, as in circulifer, the acute apical angles only moderately advanced; punctures everywhere sparse, very minute medially, distinct but not coarse laterally, apparently non-setulose; scutellum ogival, with scattered punctures, except in a broad smooth margin; elytra long, fully a third longer than wide, only a little wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate and almost even sides ( 9 ) and without trace of the short shelf or lateral swelling of the preceding sections, evenly rounded in nearly apical half; surface with the punctures not very fine and rather close-set, only very feebly impressed and inconspicuous, hairless, confused throughout, not different in character postero-externally, each elytron with three very feeble convex discal lines; pygidium (9) transverse, shining, finely, very remotely punctate, rugulose laterally, not pubescent, DYNASTIN/E 123 the surface strongly tumid medially near the base, the apex rather abruptly produced and prominently rounded; marginal gutter very deep but narrow; middle coxae even more widely separated than in the preceding sections, the abdomen not diffusedly punctate, each segment with an even, close-set, setiferous and entire discal line of punctures; legs slender but rather short, the hind tarsi (9 ) longer than the tibiae. Length (9) 16.0 mm.; width 8.0 mm. A single example marked "Colombia," but said by Burmeister to be Brazilian. [Cyclocephala atricapilla Mann.] *atricapilla Mann. As noted in several of the above descriptions, many species have distinct though short erect hairs arising from the dorsal punctures, as well as the long pygidial pubescence of the lucida section. I am not certain whether the name discoidalis, given by Chevrolat to the above variety of lucida and quoted in the Dejean catalogue, has ever been defined or not; it differs from lucida, in the female, by the stronger pronotal punctures, more developed pronotal macula- tion and smaller and shorter deplanate shelf under the lateral swelling of the elytra, among the more salient features. Gregaria and atricapilla are described above at some length, merely as representatives of distinct sections in the genus; to the gregaria section belong without doubt the Mexican picta of Burmeister and the Nicaraguan conspicua of Sharp, perhaps also atripes and ligyrina of Bates. There are probably other species belonging to the atricapilla section also, but I cannot quote them at present. Anoplocephalus Schf. In this genus the body is stout and subcylindric in form, with a notably small head and a modification of the basal part of the men- turn by a large deep excavation, which, so far as known to me, is not even suggested in any other generic type of this tribe. It is also peculiar in many other features, as may be inferred from the following description of the single known species, further statement of the generic characters being unnecessary at the present time, in view of the full description given by the author (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., 1906, p. 259): Form stout, parallel, strongly convex, shining, black throughout above, the pygidium, entire under surface and legs castaneous; upper surface and pygidium glabrous; head small, scarcely a third as wide as the prothorax, in great part castaneous, the front tumid medially, the clypeus and front, including the tumid part, coarsely and very densely punctato-rugose, the basal parts coarsely but more discretely 124 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA punctured; clypeus nearly twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, the oblique sides feebly sinuate, becoming straight and parallel at base, the apex broadly and strongly reflexed, the sides rather more feebly, the upturned apical margin thin and with a rather deep medial sinus, the angles prominently rounded; suture wholly obsolete; eyes rather small, not at all prominent; mentum anteriorly very convex, sparsely punctate, bristling along the sides with very long fulvous setae, the bottom of the basal concavity with finer and more flavate hairs; ligula very small, truncate; antennal club rather small; pro- thorax not more than one-half wider than long, strongly, evenly convex, the sides evenly rounded throughout, becoming very con- vergent apically and parallel basally, the apical sinus even, the angle? only moderately produced and blunt at tip, the basal obtuse, moderately rounded; marginal bead fine along the sides, thick and entire at apex and base, the coriaceous apical margin not at all angulate medially; punctures rather coarse, moderately separated, finer and sparse medio-basally; scutellum notably small, impunctate, as long as wide, ogival; elytra but very little longer than wide, barely twice as long as the prothorax and slightly wider, the sides feebly arcuate, somewhat inflated except basally, rapidly very obtuse at apex, having broadly and rather strongly impressed sulciform striae, which have rather coarse and shallow, well spaced annular punctures, the intervals finely, feebly and sparsely punctate; toward the sides the punctures are rather more confused and the series un- impressed, the flanks (9 ) broadly impressed behind the humeri but without trace of other modification; pygidium with rather coarse, impressed and well separated punctures; middle coxae subcontiguous, this region and the femora with many long bristling fulvous setae; sterna with less coarse subdecumbent fulvous pubescence; abdomen with the usual single setigerous series of punctures, also confusedly and closely punctured toward the sides; legs long, moderately slender, the hind tarsi filiform and much longer than the tibiae in both sexes. Length (9) 20.0 mm.; width 11.7 mm. Arizona (Huachuca Mts. —Miller Canon), — Wenzel cribrifrons Schf. I owe a female of this interesting species to the kindness of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, of Philadelphia. Its general resemblance to the unique type of Mononidia, described above, in the form of the body, uniform black shining integuments and coarsely sulcate elytra, is rather marked, but the resemblance goes no further, the structural characters being radically different. Ancognatha Erichs. The deeply excavated ligular part of the mentum and the pointed ogival clypeus, well distinguish this genus from any other except Mimeoma, the special features of which are given under that title below. The body is above the average in point of size, the head DYNASTIN/E 125 small, the clypeal suture completely obliterated, at least medially, except in some Sonoran species, the men turn rather convex, bristling with long stiff hairs, at least at the sides and sometimes throughout, and the mandibles are notably slender, not hidden under the clypeus, except when closed, and with the apex more or less acute and slightly turned outward. The sides of the elytra in the female are feebly or very moderately modified, though more so than in the preceding genus, and the upper surface is less convex than in any of the pre- ceding genera; the elytra are very feebly and minutely sculptured or smooth, except in humeralis, where the punctures of the feebly impressed, irregular series are notably coarse and impressed. The legs are moderately slender, the hind tarsi long and filiform. Be- sides the tropical scarab ceoides, erythrodera, ustulata and (Eqiiata, which I have before me, this genus will include the following Sonoran species : Tibiae and tarsi black or blackish. Body oblong-oval, evidently inflated posteriorly, deep black, very shining, the basal and lateral edges of the pronotum — enlarged at apex into a subquadrate spot — and the elytral suture and two or three narrow feeble discal streaks on each elytron testaceous; under surface, pygidium and femora flavate, the metasternum and abdomen, excepting the last segment, black; head not quite half as wide as the prothorax, deep black throughout and in great part alutaceous, sparsely and very finely punctate, the clypeus large, evenly parabolic, one-half wider than long, broadly, feebly impressed and rather more closely punctate throughout the periphery, the edges finely beaded and slightly reflexed, more so and thicker at apex; suture nearly straight, obsolete medially, deep at each side; antennal club three-fourths as long as the stem; prothorax three-fourths wider than long and four-fifths as wide as the elytra, the sides rounded rather more prominently at the middle; apical angles very acute and sharp, the basal obtuse and moderately rounded; basal bead very evident near the sides; surface moderately convex, very minutely, sparsely punctate throughout; base broadly arcuate, not definitely lobed; scutellum moderate, ogival, finely, sparsely punctate, black, pallid near the margins; elytra a fifth longer than wide, broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, almost smooth, the minute punctures barely visible but sometimes with three feeble geminate series rather evident, the surfaces of which form the imperfect pallid streaks; pygidium distinctly but sparsely, unevenly punctate and with long sparse erect hairs; sterna and middle femora with rather abundant long fine pale hair; abdomen, excepting the transverse series, subimpunctate, punctured laterally; hind tarsi (cf ) much longer than the tibiae. Length (cf) 17.0-19.5 mm.; width 9.6-11.0 mm. Mexico (Durango City), — YVickham. *durangoana n. sp. 126 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Tibiae and tarsi always more or less pale, the anterior tarsi darker in the male as a rule; pygidium and entire under surface very pale ochreous yellow, the metasternum and abdomen, excepting the last segment, a little darker brown in the male 2 2 — Clypeal suture fine but very distinct throughout the width, strongly sinuous medially; hind tarsi notably long, very much longer than the tibiae. Body (d71) oblong-oval, very shining, dark red-brown above, the pronotum broadly, except at the middle, and the base narrowly, flavate; elytra black, with one or two short external pallid streaks; head half as wide as the prothorax, the surface throughout very even and but slightly convex, finely but deeply, loosely punctate and notably shining in every part; clypeus large, one-half wider than long, semicircular but with the median, more reflexed part of the apex a little more parabolic in curvature; antennal club but little longer than the preceding six joints; prothorax broad though not quite twice as wide as long, five-sixths as wide as the elytra, in form nearly as in the preceding, the very fine sparse punctures rather more evident but with the sides barely more prominent medially; scutellum pale ochreous throughout, the sparse punctures extremely minute; elytra as in the preceding species, nearly smooth but with the three feebly defined geminate series on each rather more evident; py- gidium nearly similar; abdomen with rather strong diffused close-set punctures throughout basally, as well as laterally; large claw-joint of the anterior male tarsi almost as long as all the others combined. Length (cf) 17.7 mm.; width 9.5 mm. Arizona (Prescott). A single male example perspicua n. sp. Clypeal suture obsolete medially; entire surface of the head generally more or less alutaceous, with moderately small but deep, loose punctuation; scutellum pale, with brownish margins as in perspicua; general coloration and shining lustre throughout nearly as in that species, excepting the elytra of zuniella; hind tarsi not so long as in the two preceding species 3 3 — Form stout and oblong-oval as in the two preceding species, the coloration as in perspicua; head about half as wide as the prothorax, the clypeus (9) semicircular, with slightly more paraboloid apex, nearly twice as wide as long, or (cf ) not quite so transverse and with the sides becoming nearly straight and subparallel in about basal half; surface of the front rather abruptly sloping to the upper margin of the eyes; antennal club very moderate, not differing much sexu- ally; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides broadly rounded, becoming parallel and straighter — viewed dorsally — in about basal half, converging and nearly straight apically, differing in this way very decidedly from perspicua, where they are subevenly rounded from base to apex and widest near the middle; apical angles less advanced and blunter at tip than in either of the preceding; basal margin more evidently lobed medially; marginal bead distinct toward the sides; surface smooth, the sparse punctures excessively minute throughout; elytra a sixth longer than wide, relatively much wider than in perspicua and fully two-fifths wider than the prothorax, slightly inflated posteriorly, very broadly obtusely rounded at apex; DYNASTIN/E 127 surface rather uneven, minutely, remotely punctate ; sides ( 9 ) feebly, longitudinally impressed beneath the humeral callus, the edge from basal sixth to the middle very narrowly and gradually explanate, not laterally prominent; pygidium strongly transverse, ochreous, almost impunctate and glabrous, except near the base and trans- versely near the apex, where the punctures become distinct, each bearing a moderate hair; surface rather more convex in the male; abdomen with confused punctures, bearing rather fine hairs through- out, decidedly close-set basally and broadly toward the sides but everywhere less coarse than in perspicua; hind tarsi shorter in both sexes, but little longer than the tibiae; claw-joint of the anterior male tarsi shorter than in perspicua and much shorter than the first four joints combined. Length (cf 9 ) 17.5-20.5 mm.; width 9.5-11.0 mm. Arizona (Oak Creek Canon and Huachuca Mts., also "southern Arizona " —Snow). Five examples. [ Cyclocephala manca Lee.] manca Lee. Form narrower and more ovoidal, rather convex, shining, similar in coloration, except that the elytra have the piceous-black shading off very gradually and broadly toward the suture into a piceo-rufous tint; head relatively a little larger, slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, the rather sparse punctures becoming much closer in the broadly concave contour of the clypeus, the latter however being lost at the base of the clypeus, which is three-fifths wider than long, the sides straight and feebly converging from the base to rather beyond the middle, there rounded, thence nearly straight and strongly converging to the broadly parabolic and reflexed apex; suture effaced medially but traceable as a feeble sinuous convexity of the surface; antennal club a little longer than the six preceding joints; prothorax throughout nearly as in perspicua but with the base more definitely lobed medially, the lobe truncate; scutellum smaller than usual, smooth, pallid; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, more than a third wider than the prothorax, the sides rather more arcuate, the apex more rounded in posterior two-fifths; surface with minute sparse punctures, some of which form irregular lines; flanks scarcely . at all modified in the female, the edge narrowly and gradually explanate from basal fourth to a little behind the middle; abdomen with the punctures disposed as in manca (9), sparser than in the male; hind tarsi more slender, not longer than the tibiae. Length (9) 17.5 mm.; width 9.5 mm. New Mexico, — F. H. Snow. One specimen zuniella n. sp. In this genus the post-coxal process of the prosternum is short, with the tip flattened and posteriorly arcuate to external view, with a rounded and more pallid knob sunken slightly into the ante- rior part of the flattened tip. There is some variation in the acute- ness and sharpness of the apical thoracic angles in manca. There is also considerable variety in the form of the clypeus throughout the genus; while generally having a pointed tendency, it sometimes 128 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA becomes notably obtuse and rounded at tip ; the form of the clypeus is therefore much less important as a generic character than the structure of the mentum and certain other more general characters. Mimeoma n. gen. The chief characters separating this genus from the preceding are the widely separated middle coxae, with flat subglabrous de- scending interspace, virtually glabrous under surface of the body, laminate and not expanded post-coxal process of the prosternum and the nature of the female sexual characters. The antennae are still smaller than in Ancognatha and the clypeal suture, though fine, is evident throughout the width, sinuous medially but not at all deeper at the sides; the surface of the head, also, does not rapidly ascend above the upper margin of the eyes. The body is very much smaller in size than in any known Ancognatha. In the female the sides of the elytra are much swollen behind the middle, the general swelling bearing a rounded smooth tumor at apical two-fifths of the elytra, the edge below the swelling narrowly and gradually explanate, with slightly thickened bead. The type is the Cyclocephala maculata of Burmeister, occurring in Cayenne and in the Amazon regions. Diapatalia n. gen. The type of this genus is a small species, closely resembling a narrow Cyclocephala to external view, in habitus and ornamentation, but having a strongly sinuate clypeus and still more conspicuous female sexual characters; the mento-ligular plate is rather convex parallel, evenly rounded at the sides, deeply excavated at tip, which is not laterally contracted though following the curvature of the sides to the apex, and the apex is angularly sinuate between the short and sharp but unprolonged angles; at some distance from each side of the plate there is a regular line of coarse punctures bearing inconspicuous erect hairs. The under surface of the body is glabrous, the intermesocoxal surface rather wide, flat and anteriorly sloping, and the erect antero-posteriorly compressed post-coxal process of the prosternum is also as in Mimeoma. Ad- ditional characters are alluded to in the following description of the only known species: DYNASTIN/E 129 Body elongate, very moderately convex, strongly shining, glabrous, flavate, piceous beneath, the head and pronotum black, the latter pale at the sides and sometimes along the base medially, extending thence faintly along the medianline for some distance; clypeus rufous; elytra with the suture, finely margining the scutellum, a humeral and post-medial, more internal, dash, and part of the lateral swelling of the female, black; pygidium blackish, the legs and tarsi rather pale in color; head three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, shining, rather strongly and closely punctate from the suture, the punctures becoming gradually very fine and sparse basally; clypeus flat, as long as all the posterior part, trapezoidal, with arcuate sides, not quite twice as wide as long, the angles much rounded into the rounded apical lobes; margins fine and slightly elevated, thickened around each of the lobes; surface with well spaced and very irregular, transversely interlacing rugulae, the suture fine but distinct, entire, sinuate medially; antennal club barely more than twice as long as thick; eyes moderate but rather strongly convex; prothorax scarcely one-half wider than long, the sides parallel and very evenly rounded, gradually a little more converging anteriorly to the acute and very sharply pointed angles, the basal very broadly rounded; base broadly arcuate, not definitely lobed, having a fine entire bead, which is also very fine along the lateral margins but wider and flat at apex; surface with fine, sparse but distinct punctures, still stronger and less sparse laterally; there is a small punctureless discal area at each side of the middle anteriorly; scutellum pale, fully as long as wide, unusually acutely triangular; elytra nearly a third longer than wide, at the swelling — at three-fifths — a fourth or fifth wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded at apex, having small, shallow and not very sparse confused punctures, with two or three geminate series more or less distinct on each; humeral swelling in the form of a long ridge, which also reappears toward apex; below the humeral ridge a more slender ridge begins and terminates, becoming larger, at the end of the lateral swelling ( 9 ) ; edge below this ridge serrate and with short spiniform setae; pygidium rather convex, shining, finely, rather closely, shallowly and very irregularly punctulate throughout, slightly tumid at the narrowly rounded apex; abdomen impunctate, excepting the single loose transverse line of setigerous punctures on each segment, extending across the middle; legs slender, the tarsi long and filiform; hind tibiae much shorter than the femora. Length (9 ) 12.8-13.0 mm.; width 6.2 mm. Isthmus of Panama (Culebra), — Gaillard. Two examples *discicollis Arrow The relatively rather large head in this species might seem to indicate a relationship with Mononidia and Stigmalia, but its affini- ties are otherwise so clearly with Ancognatha, because of the exca- vated ligula, and with Cyclocephala, because of the general habitus and ornamentation of the body, finely margined pronotal base and other characters, that there can be scarcely any doubt of the T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 130 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA propriety of placing it near the latter genus. In the strongly sinuate bilobed clypeus it differs greatly from either of the genera mentioned. Spilosota n. gen. The type of this genus is not remarkable in any way in its general aspect and might readily be passed over as a Cydocephala allied to complanata, but the mentum is of a type wholly different from anything else in the tribe and probably only approached by that of Democrates. The clypeus also is very different from that to be seen anywhere in Cydocephala proper and approaches rather that of the upper Sonoran Ochrosidia, so abundant in species north of the Mexican boundary. The known species may be described as follows : Elytra glabrous, the feeble brownish mottling rather sharply denned. . .2 Elytra sparsely and more or less inconspicuously setulose, the mottling, when visible at all, very indefinite 3 2 — Body stout, oblong-oval, moderately convex, shining, glabrous except on the sterna, pale flavate-brown in color, the legs, excepting the minutely black knees and the outer edge of the anterior tibiae, con- colorous; head rufous, brown at the basal margin; pronotum pale red-brown, broadly flavate-brown laterally; elytra pale red-brown in a large elongate discal area on each, bifurcating basally, the outer ramus slender, and unequally incised apically, the suture and outer third flavate-brown; head small, scarcely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, with well developed and slightly convex eyes, coarsely and densely punctato-rugose but shining, abruptly finely, sparsely punctate at base; clypeus short, twice as wide as long, in general outline semicircular but with a small sinus at each side of the rounded median part of the apex, which is notably reflexed; suture fine, not distinct, strongly sinuate medially; mandibles slender, slightly pointed externally at apex; antennal club small, only as long as the five preceding joints, which form a slender funicle, the sixth and seventh joints not wider than the preceding; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long, the sides broadly arcuate, converging in apical, parallel and nearly straight in basal, half, viewed dorsally, the apical angles only briefly produced but acute and sharp, the basal mod- erately rounded; base arcuate, very feebly lobed medially and with a fine strong entire bead, the lateral margin very fine; punctures rather fine but distinct, remote, less sparse and somewhat coarser laterad; scutellum ogival, wider than long, nearly smooth; elytra scarcely visibly longer than wide, parallel, abruptly and very obtusely arcuate at tip; only slightly wider than the prothorax, the sides ( 9 ) slightly impressed below the large humeral callus but with barely a vestige of medial modification of the edge, which however bristles with long stiff hairs from base to apex, arising from small punctures DYNASTIN^; 131 sparsely spaced along the beading; punctures not coarse but very distinct, partially arranged in rather impressed series, which are more close-set, unimpressed and more coarsely punctate toward the sides, finer postero-laterad; pygidium about one-half wider than long, triangular, having the lower angle broadly rounded, the surface rather convex, shining, very finely, sparsely punctate, subrugulose laterad; abdomen impunctate, excepting a single entire transverse line of setigerous punctures on each; hind tarsi slender, distinctly longer than the tibiae, which are much shorter than the femora. Length (9) 13.7 mm.; width 7.7 mm. Mexico (Durango City), — Wickham *nubeculina n. sp. Body less stout, shining, elongate-oval, strongly convex, pale brownish- flavate, the legs and entire under surface still paler flavate; head rufous throughout, or blackish, with the clypeus obscure rufous; pronotum with two dark red-brown vittae, broader basally, parallel internally, with the outer contour biemarginate, the sublateral dark dot evident; scutellum pale, rather wider than long, with scattered small punctures; elytra dark red-brown, with a pale flavate sublateral vitta, the area thence to the sides nubilously blackish-brown except basally; head (9 ) not quite half as wide as the prothorax, variably punctate but rather strongly, the clypeus twice as wide as long, the sides parallel and rounded basally, thence oblique and nearly straight to the more arcuate and reflexed apex, which is about half as wide as the base, shining but densely, confluently punctate, the suture strongly sinuate at the middle; eyes well developed; antennal club not as long as the six preceding joints; prothorax two-thirds or more wider than long, the sides strongly, evenly arcuate, a little more converging apically, the apical angles short but sharp, the basal rounded; basal margin with a fine entire bead, but with the bead broadly obsolete medially in another example; punctures sparse, small but distinct, becoming larger though shallow laterally, fine and sparse throughout in the second example; elytra slightly elongate, about a fifth wider than the prothorax, parallel, with arcuate sides and obtusely rounded apex; punctures strong, partially in series; lateral margin (9) feebly arcuate for a short distance at the middle, not otherwise modified; pygidium feebly punctato- rugulose, subalutaceous, glabrous; sterna with rather fine, moderately long, decumbent and not at all dense hairs. Length (9) 13.0-13.5 mm.; width 7.0-7.4 mm. Arizona (Douglas, Cochise Co.) [ Cyclo- cephala lurida Bland] lurida Bland 3 — Elytra brownish-rufous, clearer flavate near the scutellum and broadly toward the sides. Body stout, oblong-oval, convex, moderately shining; pubescence of the elytra and pygidium (c?) persistent, rather long and distinct, virtually wanting (9); head small, much less than half as wide as the prothorax, rufous, sometimes blackish basally, rather closely punctate, more sparsely (9), the clypeus two-thirds wider than long, shorter in the female, in outline, sculp- ture and apical reflexion nearly as in the preceding, the suture distinct, strongly sinuate in about median half, less in the female; antennal club (cf ) as long as the preceding six joints, or ( 9 ) much 132 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA shorter than in the male; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the rounded sides becoming subparallel in fully basal half, strongly converging apically, the short apical angles sharp but more than right, the basal only moderately rounded; fine basal bead obsolete medially; surface sometimes indefinitely clouded in two large discal spots, with the sublateral dark dot distinct; punctures not very small, deep, distinct and only moderately sparse, only slightly larger laterad; elytra short, but little longer than wide, only slightly wider than the prothorax, obtusely rounded at apex; punctures rather strong and close-set, uneven, partially in series, the geminate lines impressed; lateral margin (9) not modified, having a very feeble sinuation in both sexes near basal third; first four abdominal seg- ments equal, short, each distinctly shorter than the fifth in both sexes: larger claw of the anterior tarsi (cf ) unequally cleft at apex, the slender ramus apparently broken off at the base in the single male at hand. Length (cf 9 ) 11.0-15.0 mm.; width 6.0-8.4 mm. California (San Diego). [Cyclocephala hirta Lee.] hirta Lee. Elytra paler flavate-brown, each with a narrow, very irregular oblique brown vitta medially, which is very widely interrupted. Body rather longer, oblong-elongate, strongly convex, rather shining, pale .and uniform yellow-brown in color throughout, the outer edge of the anterior tibia deep black as usual; head less than half as wide as the prothorax, blackish, the clypeus bright rufous throughout, nearly as in the preceding, except that the frontal punctures are mingled with numerous smaller punctures; antennal club (cf) a little longer than the preceding six joints; prothorax very evidently less transverse, the sides feebly converging and broadly arcuate from base to apex, the basal angles more broadly rounded; basal bead entire; punctures everywhere strong and distinct, larger and rather dense toward the sides; ground color uniform; median line feebly impressed; scutellum with numerous punctures bearing long hairs; elytra nearly as in the preceding but more elongate, with smaller and sparser punctures and even more distinct pubescence throughout; pygidium with similar long erect conspicuous yellowish hairs; hind tarsi (cf ) nearly one-half longer than the tibiae; abdomen as in the preceding but with still shorter sixth segment. Length (cf ) 16.0 mm.; width 8.4 mm. Southern California, .magister n. sp. Elytra without any definite or constant trace of nubilate maculation, the elytral setae sparser and still less obvious, easily removed 4 4 — Body very stout, oblong, convex, very variable in size, rather shining, pale yellow-brown in color throughout, the head as in the preceding, piceous-black, rather strongly, discretely punctate, with some minute punctures intermingled; clypeus dark rufous, fully twice as wide as long, the sides parallel basally, sinuato-oblique thence to the rounded and strongly reflexed apex; punctures rather coarse and dense but not very deep; median line frequently feebly impressed, the suture sinuate medially, narrowly (cf), broadly (9); eyes not differing much sexually, in the female separated by two and one-half times their width; antennal club (cf) fully three-fourths as long as the stem, not differing much in the female; prothorax three-fifths to DYNASTIISLE 133 two-thirds wider than long, in outline and sculpture nearly as in the preceding species, the basal bead very feeble and only well denned near the sides; scutellum rather wider than long, ogival, with distinct scattered punctures and a few hairs; elytra short, barely at all longer than wide, very little wider than the prothorax, rapidly and very obtusely rounded at apex, coarsely subrugose, strongly but sparsely, very unevenly punctate, the three costae feebly convex and not sharply defined; lateral edge very broadly, feebly sinuate near basal third in both sexes; pygidium (cf ) rather closely punctate and with moderate erect hairs, or ( 9 ) more shining, sparsely punc- tate and glabrous; hind tarsi (c?) one-half or ( 9 ) one-fifth longer than the tibiae, the tibial spurs slender in the former sex, short and stout in the latter. Length (n cf , 8 9 ) 9.5-14.5 mm.; width 5.6- 7.8 mm. Arizona, New Mexico and Western Texas. Abundant. pallidissima n. sp. Body smaller in size and much narrower, very pale flavate in color through- out and rather shining; head a little larger, about half as wide as the prothorax, pale rufous throughout and somewhat strongly but not closely punctate; eyes notably large, convex and prominent, separated by distinctly less than twice their width; clypeus of the same general form and dense rugulose sculpture, but with the apex broadly and much less strongly reflexed; sinus of the suture nearly half the total width; antennal club shorter than in the female of pallidissima; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, more convex, the sides parallel and strongly, evenly arcuate, converging basally but more strongly apically; punctures strong but sparse throughout; basal bead broadly obliterated medially; scutellum nearly similar, rather sharply ogival; elytra more elongate, about a fifth or sixth longer than wide, more circularly rounded in about apical third, the sculpture and lateral edges nearly similar but with the erect hairs sparser and so short as to be discovered only with difficulty; pygidium glabrous, finely, closely, irregularly sculptured laterally, sparsely punctate medially; sternal vestiture fine, sparse and very incon- spicuous; tarsi similar, very slender. Length (9) 9.2 mm.; width 5.1 mm. California (Needles), — Wickham inconspicua n. sp. Pallidissima is allied to hirta, differing in the shorter clypeus, much smaller medial sinus of the suture in the male, more broadly rounded basal thoracic angles and constant absence in a large series of any definite darker elytral mottling; they both differ from incon- spicua in the smaller eyes and less rounded sides of the prothorax. The larger anterior male tarsal claw of this genus is very un- equally split at apex, the outer ramus being very short and extremely slender, so that it is frequently broken off. It is: singular that the true systematic value of Cyclocephala lurida Bland, has been so long misunderstood; it is not even generically the same as im- maculata. with which it is now united. 134 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Cyclocephala Latr. As here restricted, this genus is composed of a considerable number of species occurring exclusively in the tropical regions of the American continents, and they all have the posterior edge of the pronotum minutely and completely beaded and in a singularly constant fashion, giving an appearance of a duplex edge, which character is shared also by Diapatalia, Spilosota, Halotosia and Aclinidia, but is completely wanting in Ochrosidia, Diachromina and Homochromina, although the last three may have a feeble beading occasionally toward the sides of the base; it is the constant entirety of the fine bead throughout the width that is so conspicuous and characteristic a feature of the present genus and the first four just mentioned. Cyclocephala may be separated into a number of marked subgenera, of which the three following can be defined at this time: Anterior tibiae of both sexes strongly and subequally tridentate; body moderately convex, the elytral ornamentation obliquely lineate nearly throughout the length, the pronotum never vittate; marginal modification in the female feeble, simple and confined to a slight thickening and very narrow deplanation of the edge; tarsi notably short and slender in the female; scutellum ogival, rather wider than long Group I Anterior tibiae of the male simply bidentate, the upper of the usual three teeth rarely visible as a very feeble vestige, normally tridentate in the female; tarsi notably elongate in both sexes; scutellum more pointed, slightly elongate 2 2 — Body having the normal convexity of the tribe; male with the first four abdominal segments and the sixth equal in length and very much shorter than the fifth segment; elytra with ornamentation consisting of two subbasal and one post-median black spots, some- what as in the following group; pronotum not vittate. . . .Group II Body of more feeble convexity, somewhat as in Diapatalia and similarly with very conspicuous marginal modifications of the female elytra; pronotum with two black vittae, the elytra with various modifications of two subbasal and one post-medial black markings; male with the abdomen similar in the sexes and with the segments subequal among themselves Group III The typical species of these three groups, considered in order, are complanata Burm., an apparently undescribed species from Mexico, and signata Drury. Stictica, which belongs to the third group, was widely separated by Burmeister from its allied forms and placed near lucida, which it does not in the least resemble, merely because DYNASTIN/E 135 of an occasional very feeble sinuation of the clypeal apex. Mr. Bates has already called attention to this in the Biologia. Group I. Subgenus Plagiosalia nov. The pronounced peculiarities in the structure of the anterior tibiae, scutellum and female elytra would seem to afford ample ground for subgeneric separation from the typical Cyclocephala, as represented by signata and allied forms; in addition, there is much greater difference between the male and female tarsi and the system of coloration also does not agree. Besides complanata, the subgenus will include the two following species: Form oblong, stout, rather convex, shining, glabrous, pale brownish-rufous above and beneath, the legs concolorous; head gradually blackish basally; elytra, in the least developed degree of ornamentation, having a broad discal oblique vitta from the humeri nearly to the apex and a narrow and perfectly even sutural vitta, both of piceous- black, then the sutural vitta begins to broaden basally and a brown side margin appears, the oblique and sutural vittae then broaden and, in the majority of individuals, completely coalesce; finally the entire elytra are black, excepting a broad sublateral streak, not attaining base or apex, and an apical remnant of the space between the sutural and oblique vittae; head small, closely but not coarsely punctato- rugulose, abruptly sparsely punctate at base; clypeus nearly twice as wide as long, a little less (c?), trapezoidal, with arcuate sides, obtuse rounded angles and feebly arcuate, slightly reflexed and somewhat thickened apex; suture obliterated medially; antennal club small in both sexes; pronotum three-fifths (cf) to three-fourths (9) wider than long, the sides rounded, converging anteriorly to the very acute and prominent angles, the apical sinus deep; basal angles broadly rounded; base with a very faint truncate median lobe; ambient bead entire and black throughout the periphery; punctures small and sparse, more distinct laterad; scutellum barely as wide as long, acutely ogival, nearly smooth, pale, with infumate margin even in the most feebly colored individuals; elytra about a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides and circularly rounded apex, the fine punctures serial except suturad and laterad, finer laterad in the male than in the female; pygidium (cf) strongly transverse, almost punctureless but finely chagrined, or ( 9 ) less transverse, shining and with distinct punctures, which become dense laterad; abdomen nearly smooth, with the usual transverse lines of punctures, the last segment ( 9 ) with scattered coarse punctures, wanting on the much shorter corresponding seg- ment of the male; sterna with moderate pale pubescence. Length (cT 9 ) 11.5-14.5 mm.; width 6.8-8.0 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). Twelve examples *obliquata n. sp. 136 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Form narrower and more convex, cylindric-oval, shining; coloration similar, except that the oblique discal vitta is not more than half as wide and pale brown, and the sutural vitta becomes much dilated basally; head similar, except that the front is not rugulose but dis- cretely punctate, the punctures becoming gradually sparse and very fine basally; clypeus densely and rather more finely punctato- rugulose, much narrower in form, about two-fifths wider than long, similar in outline, the edges more abruptly and strongly reflexed, the suture not obliterated medially and there sinuate; prothorax similar but longer, barely one-half wider than long, the apical angles less acute; scutellum smaller, still more acute at apex; elytra but very little wider than the prothorax, nearly a fourth longer than wide, otherwise nearly similar; pygidium (cf ) similar but with the minute punctures basally bearing erect hairs, which are easily distinguish- able though short and fine; in obliquata they are extremely minute; abdomen similar but with coarser, denser, more scabrous punctuation at the sides; sternal pubescence finer and not conspicuous. Length (cf) 12.8 mm.; width 6.5 mm. Mexico (Jalapa). One example. *emacerata n. sp. Both of these species, which are amply distinct between them- selves, differ from complanata in their much smaller size and emacerata, at least, in the more convex surface. Group II. Subgenus Isocoryna nov. In many ways, as in type of elytral ornamentation, setigerous punctures of the upper surface and pubescent pygidium, punctua- tion of the head and tibial structure, the single species of this sub- genus is much more closely allied to Cydocephala signata than it is to the preceding subgenus, but the upper surface is very convex, which, with the stouter oblong outline, gives it a very different habitus. In the structure of the male abdomen, as stated above, it is quite isolated. The type may be defined as follows: Body stout, oblong-oval, convex, shining; head black, the clypeus barely at all paler; pronotum pale flavate, without maculation, the elytra' still paler, each with three black spots, two at basal fourth, the third on the median line post-medially and irregular, being transversely reniform; pygidium blackish, with a nubilous red median vitta; under surface throughout piceous-black, the legs castaneous, the hind tibiae darker and the hind tarsi black; head small; front finely, closely punctate, the punctures laterally becoming coarse, deep and setig- erous; base almost smooth; clypeus one-half wider than long, trape- zoidal, with feebly arcuate sides, rounded angles and broadly ar- cuate, gradually and feebly reflexed, finely margined apex; erect DYNASTIN/E 137 side margins very fine; suture evident, narrowly sinuate at the middle; surface flat, very confusedly, not finely but shallowly punc- tato-rugose, bristling throughout with fine erect setae; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides evenly rounded, more con- verging apically, the angles acute, the sinus arcuate at the middle; basal angles broadly rounded, the base and entire ambient bead as in the two preceding species; surface very unevenly punctate, the punctures coarse and setigerous broadly toward the sides and at apex medially, elsewhere scattered, coarse and smaller and sparser; at lateral fourth, near the apex, there is a punctureless area; scutellum acute, longer than wide; elytra barely at all wider than the prothorax, only slightly longer than wide, parallel, circularly rounded at apex, with coarse though rather shallowly impressed, well separated punc- tures, partially in irregular lines, closer and fine near the sides; pygidium triangular, densely micro-scabriculate and, basally, with small asperate punctures; erect hairs long but not dense; sterna with moderate pubescence; abdomen with the usual lines of punctures. Length (cf) 14.8 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Mexico (Jalapa). *jalapensis n. sp. A single specimen, received some years ago from a correspondent in the National Museum of the City of Mexico; it does not seem to be allied closely to any described species. The larger claw of the anterior male tarsi is very unequally cleft at tip, the slender ramus not extending as far as the obtusely rounded apex of the thick part of the claw. Group III. Subgenus Cyclocephala in sp. The remarkable modifications of the anterior tarsi and larger claw in the males of this group, exhibit an unexpected diversity among the various species and afford most excellent criteria for the estimation of specific value, showing, among other things, that a considerable number of species have been too hastily confounded because of general external resemblances. It is probable, for ex- ample, that the West Indian signata does not occur in Central America, but is replaced there by several allied forms. The mentum is decidedly large, flat or feebly concave and has a feeble ridge, parallel to and at some distance from each side, bearing long erect setae; the ligular part is abruptly constricted but is not very narrow; the mandibles are slender and usually somewhat everted distally, and the antennal club is small in both sexes. The signifi- cance of the minute and very regular strigilation, well developed as a rule on parts of the last three joints of the anterior male tarsi, 138 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA is rather difficult to surmise; it can scarcely be a stridulating apparatus and is more probably a roughening designed to secure a less slippery hold in copulation. Besides the true signata Drury, collaris Burm., and detecta and microspila of Bates, which I do not have among my material at present, the group is composed of the following species: Larger claw of the anterior male tarsi very unequally cleft at apex, the slender ramus extending about as far as the tip of the large lower part of the claw, which is obliquely truncate at tip; distal parts of the third and fourth joints of the tarsus and an elongate area on the irregular but non-cavernous under surface of the fifth joint, minutely and regularly strigilate. Body oblong-oval, feebly convex, shining, none of the punctures of the upper surface setigerous, the punctures of the front fine, sparse and uniform, not coarser toward the sides; pronotum with the usual two black vittae of the group, the elytra each with two subbasal and one post-median black spots, the suture also black; pygidium (cf) thickly clothed with very long pubescence, or ( 9 ) blacker in color, alutaceous, with the erect hairs sparse, stiff, very short and not readily observable. Length (of1 9 ) 14.0- 14.5 mm.; width 7.0-7.3 mm. Brazil *variabilis Burm. Larger claw not split at apex and without trace of a slender ramus. . . .2 2 — Upper outline of the larger claw evenly and unbrokenly arcuate from base to the acute though blunt apex. Body oblong-oval, more convex than in variabilis and larger, nearly similar in coloration and ornamentation, the clypeus almost similar but more rectilinearly truncate at tip, sometimes very feebly sinuate; punctures toward the sides of the front coarse and setigerous, these setae, as well as those borne by the larger thoracic punctures, excessively short; prothorax of the usual form, transversely elliptic, deeply sinuate at apex; scutellum longer than wide, very acutely pointed as in the other species; pygidium (cf ) finely, very evenly punctate and with short stiff erect sparse setae throughout, or ( 9 ) glabrous and very shining, punctured toward the sides; apices of the third and fourth joints of the anterior male tarsi and a very large area on the flat under surface of the fifth joint, finely and closely strigilate; lateral swelling of the female elytra strong and smooth, the edge beneath it evenly arcuate, not at all sinuate. Length (cf 9 ) 15.0-16.0 mm.; width 7.3-8.4 mm. Mexico (Jalapa) *stictica Burm. Upper outline of the larger claw broadly and obtusely but sharply and conspicuously angulate at about distal third of the length 3 3 — Male with the sides of the front more coarsely punctate and bearing short and very thick, erect setae only very near the eyes; clypeu? of the same sex nude and with fine dense even sculpture, except medio- basally, where the punctures are distinct and separated, as they are at the anterior margin of the front. Body oblong-elongate in form, only feebly convex, shining; under surface, pygidium and legs red- brown, the abdomen and pygidium sometimes nearly black, inde- pendently of sex; head black, small, the vertex medially and base DYNASTIN^E 139 finely, sparsely punctate, the front (cf) very near the eyes closely, strongly setigero-punctate but not in the female; clypeus (cf ) large, subquadrate, opaque, red-brown, one-half to two-thirds wider than long, the sides becoming parallel basally, the angles rounded and the apex broadly, feebly arcuate, the edges narrowly reflexed, the apex but little more, the surface very finely scabrous except medio- basally, or ( 9 ) shorter, otherwise similar, except that the surface is shining and more coarsely, intricately rugulose very evenly through- out; prothorax (cf) less than one-half, or ( 9 ) fully three-fifths, wider than long, with evenly rounded sides, gradually converging apically, having two broad externally medio-prominent black vittae from apex to base; punctures minute and sparse, mingled at the sides only with many coarse deep punctures bearing very short thick black setae (cf ) , or ( 9 ) without trace of such coarse punctures or setae, the punctures laterally being only a little larger than medi- ally; elytra (cf) oblong, a fifth or sixth longer than wide, feebly inflated and broadly rounded posteriorly and barely at all wider than the prothorax, or ( 9 ) inflated strongly at the sides behind the middle and there fully a third wider than the prothorax, the edge below the irregular swelling with a long, shallow and very even sinus, with black adjoining surface and with the surface posterior thereto min- utely, densely sculptured and opaque; in both sexes the elytral maculation is nearly as in stictica, except that the inner of the sub- basal spots is a long slender oblique line from the middle of the base nearly to and on the middle of the suture, which is not darker in color except at the fine sutural beading; punctures very fine, sparse, in great part linearly arranged, stronger and with the series more impressed in the female; toward the sides and suture there are some slightly larger, widely spaced serial punctures bearing very short setae, largely wanting in the female; pygidium (cf ) alutaceous and with small asperate punctures bearing long close-set fulvous hairs, or ( 9 ) smooth, feebly alutaceous, with very minute sparse punctures bearing very small inconspicuous hairs. Male with the third and fourth joints of the anterior tarsi strigilate at apex, the produced apex of the fourth with a particularly large and dense area of strigilation, the fifth joint very deeply concave beneath throughout its length, not strigilate at all at the bottom of the concavity but with its thin outer wall bearing some such close-set lines along its lower edge. Length (cf1 9 ) 13.5-15.0 mm.; width 6.3-7.5 mm. Female smaller and narrower than the male. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). Five examples *multiplex n. sp. Male with the sides of both front and clypeus more coarsely punctate than the median parts and setose; female without the lateral coarse punctures or setae and with the clypeus uniformly and rather coarsely though shallowly punctato-rugose (signata section) 4 4 — Pronotal vittae with their outer outline evenly arcuate. Body (cf ) oblong, subparallel, moderately convex, strongly shining; head black at base, the remainder pale, the clypeus one-half wider than long, the sides becoming parallel at base, rounding and feebly converging anteriorly, the apex broadly arcuate; suture fine and almost per- 140 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA fectly rectilinear; prothorax one-half wider than long, the sides strongly rounded, converging anteriorly, the deep apical sinus some- what prominent and arcuate at the middle; apical angles very acute, the basal broadly rounded as usual in this section; punctures fine but distinct, sparse, the intermingled coarse punctures laterad distinctly setulose; scutellum very acute, pale; elytra a fourth longer than wide, circularly rounded in apical half, barely at all wider than the prothorax, black, brownish on the flanks, where there is a longi- tudinal streak of flavate; on each, there is an oblique and posteriorly pointed flavate spot very sharply defined at each side of the scutellum; punctures strong, not close; two geminate series on each rather im- pressed; pygidium, legs and entire under surface, flavate-brown, the pygidium hairy; metasternum coarsely punctate throughout, except before the hind coxae and in the median canaliculation; third and fourth anterior tarsal joints strigilate at apex, the fifth obliquely impressed beneath but not strigilate. Length (cf) 14.0 mm.; width 6.7 mm. A single example without indication of locality but in all probability the form designated by Burmeister as a variety of signata under the name inconstans; its exact relationship with typical signata I am unable to surmise; at any rate there is no tendency whatever for the black maculation to spread on the elytra in mul- tiplex *inconstans Burm. Pronotal vittae with their outer contour deeply sinuate at the middle; female smaller than the male 5 5 — Form oblong-oval, moderately convex, shining, very pale flavate throughout, the abdomen pale piceous; pubescence and setae of the various parts nearly as in inconstans; head and clypeus rufous, the occiput black; clypeus a little shorter and broader than in the preceding but of the same general aspect, except that the apical part (cf ) is more finely and densely chagrined and that the clypeal suture is distinctly sinuate medially; prothorax of the same general form and sculpture, except that the punctures are less distinct, slightly less (cf ) to slightly more (9 ) than one-half wider than long, relatively a little smaller in the female; elytra as in inconstans but with the punctures rather smaller and feebler, not wider than the prothorax (cf ) or but slightly so ( 9 ), each with three very minute black mark- ings, the two near basal fourth short and slender lines, the inner more oblique and one or both often wanting; the one behind the middle minute, subtriangular and much less often wanting; lateral swelling in the female moderate, its anterior tumor short, the external sinus rather short and abruptly formed but not deep; neighboring surface dark in color; metasternum partially punctate and setulose, the setae shorter and stiffer in the female, its general surface mottled by reason of the cellular structure showing through the pellucid integument, giving a tessellated appearance. Male with the third and fourth joints of the anterior tarsi strigilate at apex, the fifth concave longitudinally beneath, the bottom of the concavity not strigilate, the anterior wall dentate near the base. Length (cf 9 ) 12.5-14.5 mm.; width 6.5-6.8 mm. Isthmus of Panama (Colon and Culebra) *beaumonti n. sp. DYNASTIN/E 141 Form slightly stouter, similarly shining; upper surface and legs dark cas- taneous in color, the pronotum rather more yellowish; head (9) black, pale anteriorly and on the clypeus, the latter of the usual form in this section and with the rugulosity similarly transversely wavy and interlacing, the suture very fine, sinuate medially; pro- thorax one-half wider than long, similar to that of the preceding species, the punctures however unusually strong and distinct, with some coarse setigerous punctures near the apical angles; scutellum very acute, with some small but distinct sparse punctures; elytra with only a minute black spot behind the middle of each in the type, the lateral callus also black; punctures decidedly strong though sparse, for the most part in regular series except suturally; lateral swelling more extended and complex than in the preceding, the part near the edge behind the middle ridge-like and forming an angle, extending anteriorly in a strong ridge to basal two-fifths; the sinus of the edge below the short angulate black ridge is very short and subangulate, being deeper but not longer than in beaumonti; pygidium rather more punctured, with the marginal gutter around the nar- rowly rounded apex coarser and deeper; under surface brown, the sides of the hind body and almost the entire abdomen, black, the last segment brown and with a coarse deep median channel, which is broad at base and acute apically. Length (9 ) 13.3 mm.; width 7.0 mm. Brazil *auriculata n. sp. The species described as from Chiapas and Orizaba, Mexico, under the name detecta, by Mr. Bates, differs from any of those above denned in its larger size and by the smooth or non-strigilate joints of the anterior male tarsi. One of the most conspicuous features of this most interesting group of species, is the remarkably varied and radical sexual pecu- liarities apparent in nearly all parts of the body, including the sculpture and the sparse setae of the upper surface and sculpture and pubescence of the pygidium, besides the usual sexual modifica- tions of the anterior tarsi and abdominal apex in the male, and of the sides of the elytra in the female. Taking it altogether, it is probably the most highly specialized and sexually differentiated group of the entire tribe. Ochrosidia n. gen. The body in this genus is of moderate or small size, oblong-oval or narrower and elongate form and convex surface, and is more or less pallid in coloration throughout. The ligular part of the men turn is rather constricted and is truncate at tip, or more or less obtusely bilobed on a lower plane than the apparent tip. The clypeus is 142 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA more or less strongly reflexed at apex, having an approximately trapezoidal form and is always strongly sculptured, with distinct and strongly, medially sinuate suture; the elytra offer scarcely any suggestion of the singular female modifications occurring in the preceding genus. The material in my collection indicates two sub- generic groups as follows: Antennal club curved and very much longer in the male than in the female; elytra always completely immaculate. Colder sonoran regions Group I Antennal club oval, small in size in both sexes; elytra generally maculate. Neotropical regions Group II The tarsi are slender and filiform but differ greatly in length, not only in the sexes but in different sections, especially of the first group. Group I. Subgenus Ochrosidia in sp. This is a large group of species, including glabrous and a few sparsely pubescent forms. The color is very monotonously pale brownish-flavate, with the head black or darker as a rule; they occur in abundance throughout the nearctic and Sonoran regions and, in fact, are the only members of the great tribe Cyclocephalini inhabiting the Atlantic regions of North America; they are divisible into two well marked sections of almost subgeneric weight as follows: Body stout in form; pronotum never margined at base; hind tarsi longer, always longer than the tibiae even in the female; larger claw of the anterior male tarsi long, only moderately arcuate, very unequally cleft at tip, the outer ramus extremely slender and not extending quite to the tip of the claw Section A Body more slender in form, elongate-oval; pronotum always margined at base though incompletely as a rule; hind tarsi shorter in both sexes and, in the female, very much shorter than the tibiae, sometimes not as long as the tibiae in either sex; larger claw of the anterior male tarsi very short, stout and strongly arcuate, the outer ramus ex- tremely small, fine and at a long distance from the apex of the claw, frequently broken away, leaving no apparent modification of the upper edge Section B The first section includes all species of the well known immaculata type, while the second is represented by longula Lee., and a few allied forms, all confined to the Sonoran fauna, excepting marcida, from Austin, Texas, and possibly seditiosa Lee., from the Mississippi coast, which probably represent its extreme eastern range. DYNASTIN.E 143 Section A. The species of this division are moderately numerous and are distributed from the Atlantic coast to southern California and northern Mexico; they are resolvable into two remarkably differ- entiated groups, as shown by the table given below. The pronotum is, like the elytra, almost uniformly immaculate, but in villosa there is occasionally a complex nubilate design, which is com- pletely analogous to the faint intricate design seen on the pronotum of fulgurata, belonging to the second group of the genus, indicating that, in spite of the marked differences in the antennae as modified by sex, there is really but a single genus. Our species may be recognized quite readily as follows: Male and female very different in general habitus, the female shorter, stouter, generally darker in color, smaller in size, with thicker integu- ments and stronger sculpture than the male and always having a feeble medial dilatation of the lateral edges of the elytra; pygidium with erect pubescence in the male, glabrous in the female 2 Male and female similar in form, the latter generally somewhat darker in coloration and of larger size as a rule but without marginal modi- fication of the elytra, the pygidium glabrous in the male or virtually so; species Sonoran, so far as known; individuals of both sexes varying greatly in size of body, as in the preceding division 8 2 — Elytra glabrous in both sexes, the female without long hairs along the lateral edges 3 Elytra sparsely pubescent, the pubescence very conspicuous (cf) but almost wanting ( 9 ) ; female elytra with long bristling hairs along the sides 7 3 — Body (cf ) subcylindric, perfectly parallel, the prothorax fully as wide as the elytra, convex, shining, pale rufous, the head black basally and the elytra pale brownish-flavate; head sparsely punctate, rather more than half as wide as the prothorax; clypeus transverse, semi- circular, with the sides anteriorly broadly oblique and straighter, all the edges strongly reflexed; surface strongly but not densely punctate, the suture obsolescent medially; antennal club much longer than the stem; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the feebly arcuate sides converging anteriorly, the basal angles rounded, the apical sharp but rather short; basal bead wholly wanting, the apical entire; punctures strong, sparse, a little closer laterally; scutellum with scattered strong punctures, the edges abruptly and broadly smooth; elytra a fourth or more longer than wide, the parallel sides very feebly sinuate before the middle, the apex rapidly circularly rounded; punctures variable, rather coarse to fine, always finer posteriorly, the three geminate series usually evident; pygidium shining, convex, finely, very sparsely punctate, the hairs rather short and very sparse; hind tarsi two-thirds longer than the tibiae; claw- joint of the anterior tarsi about as long as the three preceding. 144 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Female smaller, stouter, darker in color, inflated posteriorly; head much smaller, the eyes not so large, the clypeus shorter; prothorax shorter and more strongly punctate, three-fourths wider than long; elytra shorter, but little longer than wide, behind the middle much wider than the prothorax, with the edge broadly arcuate and slightly thickened ; punctures much coarser, the geminate series more distinct ; pygidium finely, sparsely punctate, glabrous; hind tarsi much shorter, scarcely longer than the tibiae; antennal club three-fifths as long as in the male. Length (cf 9 ) 11.0-12.3 mm.; width 5.9-6.4 mm. Florida. Four examples * parallela n. sp. Body oblong-oval in form, the prothorax always somewhat narrower than the elytra in both sexes 4 4 — Prothorax less transverse, three-fifths to two-thirds wider than long in both sexes. Body (cf) elongate-oval, convex, shining, rather dark and piceo-flavate in color, moderately shining; head black, half as wide as the prothorax to somewhat more, not coarsely but strongly, rather loosely punctate, finely and sparsely toward base; eyes separated by distinctly more than twice their width; clypeus rufous, not quite twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, the sides nearly straight; angles obtuse but not very broadly rounded, the apex feebly arcuate, moderately reflexed, the surface irregularly, shallowly and not very densely punctate; antennal club slender, nearly one-half longer than the stem; prothorax with the sides feebly, subevenly converging and broadly arcuate from the rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures rather strong but sparse, somewhat less sparse laterally; scutellum sharply ogival, punctured toward base and with a more or less evident groove parallel to the margins; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, distinctly wider than the prothorax, feebly swollen posteriorly, circularly rounded at apex, rather strongly but loosely punctate, the three geminate series more or less evident and feebly costulate; pygidium convex, rather strongly, loosely punctate and with moder- ate erect pubescence. Female shorter, more oblong-oval, pale red- brown, the head smaller, more finely punctate, with a smooth median line, the eyes not quite so large, the clypeus almost exactly as in the male; prothorax almost as long but broader and with more arcuate sides; elytra almost similarly but more coarsely sculptured, the edges at the middle distinctly dilated, rounded and very much thickened. Length (6 cf, i9) 9-5-13-5 mm.; width 5.5-6.8 mm. Alabama (Huntsville and Mobile) and Louisiana (Morgan City and Vowell's Mill) protenta n. sp. Prothorax shorter, more parallel basally, the body more oblong-oval in form 5 5 — Prothorax only about three-fourths wider than long, head large, rather evidently more than half as wide as the prothorax. Body larger than in any other of this section, oblong, rather convex and shining, pale yellow-brown; head black, the clypeus rufous, sculptured nearly as in the preceding, the eyes larger and more prominent, separated by twice their own width to a little more; clypeus almost semicircular, the angles at the sides of the feebly reflexed and rounded apex barely observable; suture effaced medially; antennal club barely at all DYNASTIISLE 145 longer than the stem, which is longer than in protenta; prothorax large, a little narrower than the elytra, narrowed anteriorly, the basal angles broadly rounded; base immarginate as usual, feebly, truncately lobed medially, rather strongly, sparsely punctate, less sparsely laterad; scutellum with a few punctures, pale, the edges dark; elytra about a fifth longer than wide, broadly circularly rounded at tip, the punctures not coarse but well impressed, rather sparse, the three geminate series evident, the outer often scarcely traceable; pygidium convex, rather strongly and closely impresso- . punctate, the erect hairs moderate. Female smaller and shorter than the male, the head smaller, the clypeus trapezoidal, with straighter sides, the eyes smaller; prothorax nearly similar but with more rounded sides, which are more convergent anteriorly; elytra with coarser but not denser sculpture, the geminate grooves coarser and deeper; sides at the middle prominently arcuate and narrowly deplanate; pygidium glabrous, finely and sparsely punctate medially, finely, feebly scabrous laterad and basally; metasternum more coarsely punctate but much less pubescent. Length (cf ) 12.0-15.0, (9) 1 1. 8 mm.; width (cf) 6.5-7.5, (?) 7-° mm- Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas. Eight males and one female. rufifrons n. sp. Prothorax shorter, but little less than twice as wide as long, the head and eyes less developed 6 6 — Form (cf) oblong-oval, convex, rather shining, only moderately stout, the color pale yellow-brown, with the head black and the clypeus obscure rufous; head half as wide as the prothorax to slightly less, rather finely but deeply, sparsely punctate, the eyes separated by obviously more than twice their width though prominent; clypeus trapezoidal with arcuate sides and apex, the latter moder- ately reflexed, the obtuse angles rounded, the surface closely but shallowly punctate, the suture obsolescent; antennal club distinctly longer than the stem, curved as usual; prothorax with the sides broadly arcuate and feebly converging from the rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures sparse, rather fine, more distinct laterad; scutellum very acutely ogival, with a few small punctures; elytra a fifth longer than wide, the punctures rather strongly im- pressed, well separated, confused, lineate laterally, the three gemi- nate series and feeble costules evident; pygidium convex, sparsely punctate, and rather closely subscabrous, the erect hairs only moderate in length and not dense. Female shorter and stouter than the male and darker red-brown in color, the head notably small, two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the eyes still more separ- ated, the clypeus nearly similar; antennal club very much shorter and not as long as the shorter stem; prothorax more rounded at the sides, the sparse punctures rather stronger; elytra rather more strongly but similarly and not closely punctate, the feebly convex costae of the geminate series more conspicuous; lateral edges at the middle prominently though broadly rounded and very distinctly explanate; pygidium glabrous, shining, less convex, the sculpture T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI. Oct. 1915. 146 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA nearly as in the preceding species. Length (21 cf, 5 9) 9.5-12.5 mm.; width 4.7-6.7 mm. Virginia and North Carolina and west- ward to Missouri, Kansas and Mississippi (Vicksburg). [Melohntha immaculata Oliv., Mel. nigrifrons Panz., and Cyclocephala frontalis Sturm] immaculata Oliv. Form (cf ) somewhat similar but much stouter, relatively shorter and with still thinner pellucid pale brownish-yellow integuments; head rather less than half as wide as the prothorax, piceous-black, with the deep punctures rather close-set at each side of the front, sparse elsewhere and smaller basally; eyes large, prominent, separated by twice their width; clypeus trapezoidal, with strongly arcuate sides and apex, so that the angles are subobliterated, the apex strongly reflexed; surface closely punctured and subrugose; suture obliterated medially but easily traced by the abrupt difference in sculpture; antennal club as long as the stem or a little longer; prothorax not quite as transverse as in the preceding, the rounded sides becoming more parallel posteriorly, the basal angles less broadly rounded, the punctures similar; scutellum very acute, with a few feeble scattered punctures; elytra but slightly elongate, the rather sparse punctures finer, the geminate series evident, the intermediate surfaces perfectly flat; pygiditim more sparsely and clearly punctate, the erect hairs moderate; hind tarsi long as usual. Female smaller, shorter, with denser and browner integuments: head small, the clypeus nearly similar but shorter, the dense punctures deeper; antennal club but little more than half as long; prothorax about twice as wide as long, the sides more rounded, the sparse punctures sometimes fine and occasionally rather coarse; scutellum more punctured; elytra more inflated posteriorly and with the punctures closer and relatively coarser than in any other form of the genus, sometimes rugulose, the costse more evident; lateral edges at the middle only slightly arcuate and scarcely at all deplanate or thickened; pygidium glabrous; hind tarsi very short as usual in the females of this section, a little longer than the tibiae. Length (cf) 11.2-12.0, (9) 11.3-11.6 mm.; width (cf) 6.2-6.8, (9) 6.0-6.6 mm. Kansas (Douglas Co.). Two males — the types; the two females are unlabeled and may not really belong to the species tenuicutis n. sp. 7 — Form (cf) oblong, parallel, moderately convex, shining, generally much darker red-brown than in any of the preceding species, the erect elytral pubescence sparse and easily removed, longer, closer and bristling along the side?; head about half as wide as the prothorax, black, with rather close-set punctures, sparser along the sometimes feebly convex median line, remote basally, the eyes only moderately large, separated by much more than twice their width; clypeus trapezoidal, with rounded sides and rounded reflexed apex, the angles indistinct; surface closely but not coarsely, shallowly punctate and subrugulose, the suture obsolescent except laterally; antennal club curved, much longer than the stem; prothorax almost twice as wide as long, sometimes with intricate nebulous design, in which two narrow median vittae, more separated anteriorly, and some lateral spots, can be discerned, the sides rounded, more converging an- DYNASTIN.^ 147 teriorly; base broadly and rather distinctly lobed medially, the lobe sometimes faintly sinuate medially; punctures rather strong but well separated; scutellum punctured basally, often with an eroded line parallel to the margins; elytra a fourth to nearly a third longer than wide, very obtusely rounded at apex, barely visibly wider than the prothorax, the punctures strongly impressed and widely separated, uneven, the surface rather rugose suturad, the costae feeble and only in part well defined and bearing rather more of the setigerous punc- tures than the intervals; pygidium convex, not strongly sculptured, having numerous long erect hairs; hind tarsi long, about one-half longer than the tibiae. Female very much shorter and relatively stouter, similarly castaneous-red in color, the head very much smaller, the clypeus more rectilinearly trapezoidal, the antennal club scarcely half as long as it is in the male; prothorax more rounded at the sides, less lobed at base, strongly punctured, the lateral margin similarly extremely fine; scutellum punctured throughout; elytra barely longer than wide, the lateral edges at the middle subpromi- nently rounded and narrowly but distinctly explanate, the margin very thin, not at all thickened; sculpture coarser and closer, with more prominent costae than in the male, the erect hairs extremely sparse, shorter and scarcely noticeable, the pygidium shining, gla- brous; hind tarsi very small, slender, barely longer than the tibiae. Length (20 d\ i 9 ) 10.8-13.5 mm.; width 5.6-6.8 mm.; the female is 10.7 by 6.5 mm. in dimensions. New York (Staten Island) and Pennsylvania to Alabama. The female is rarely taken. [ Cyclo- cephala villosa Burm.] villosa Burm. Form narrower and much smaller in size, elongate, testaceous, with erect hairs; head sparsely and finely punctate; clypeus short, broadly parabolic, the margin strongly reflexed; prothorax sparsely punctate, somewhat narrowed anteriorly; elytra punctured in series, with other smaller punctures intermingled. Length 8.7-10 mm. Geor- gia. [ Cyclocephala puberula Lee.] puberula Lee. Form ( 9 ) narrower than in the same sex of villosa, yellow-brown in color; head about two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, rufous, piceous basally toward the sides as in the preceding, but with the sides of the clypeus less converging from base to apex and more arcuate; antennal club almost as long as the stem; prothorax rather less ab- breviated, two-thirds wider than long, the sides strongly, evenly arcuate, a little more converging anteriorly, the base broadly, feebly lobed medially, the punctures similar; scutellum more narrowly and very acutely triangular; elytra as in the female of tillosa but narrower and more elongate, almost similarly but even a little more coarsely sculptured, the costae distinct and convex, smooth; lateral margins bristling with similar setae but with the arcuation at the middle ex- tremely feeble and barely half as widely explanate as in villosa; hairs of the general surface extremely short, few in number and only visible apically; pygidium similar, shining, glabrous; sterna moder- ately pubescent, punctate; last ventral segment longer and less broadly rounded than in villosa; hind tarsi slender and very short, 148 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA but little longer than the tibiae. Length (9) 10.8 mm.; width 5.9 mm. Iowa (Keokuk). A single example pagana n. sp. 8 — Tibiae rather stout. Body oblong-oval, moderately convex, shining, pale castaneo-rufous in color; head (cf ) half as wide as the prothorax to somewhat less, dark rufous, gradually black and finely, sparsely punctate basally, more closely frontally; eyes separated by barely more than twice their width; clypeus less than twice as wide as long, trapezoidal, with rounded and feebly reflexed sides and arcuate, more reflexed apex, the angles broadly rounded; surface densely punctate, more convex medially as a rule, the suture feeble, inconstant; an- tennal club a little longer than the stem; prothorax fully three-fourths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded, converging at apex; punctures sparse but distinct; scutellum sharply triangular, sparsely punctulate, fully as wide as long; elytra slightly elongate, some- what inflated posteriorly, obtusely rounded at tip and distinctly wider than the prothorax, the punctures not coarse, rather sparse, the geminate series evident; pygidium rather finely, closely punctato- rugulose throughout, having basally a few short sparse hairs; hind tarsi two-thirds longer than the tibia?. Female a little larger and slightly stouter than the male but otherwise nearly similar, except that the head, eyes and antennal club are much smaller, the elytra perhaps a little more coarsely punctate, the pygidium glabrous and finely, sparsely punctate; hind tarsi about as long as the tibiae. Length (6 cf , 2 9) 11.4-14.2 mm.; width 5.9-7.4 mm. Southern California pasadenae n. sp. Tibiae all notably slender as in immaculata, which the general habitus imitates rather closely 9 9 — Head (cf1) much more than half as wide as the prothorax. Body pale brownish-yellow, the head black, sparsely punctate, the front densely; eyes large, separated by rather less than twice their width; clypeus rufous, much less than twice as wide as long, almost evenly parabolic, except that the reflexed apex is rather feebly arcuate, the surface densely punctate, the suture fine but very distinctly defined throughout the width, deeply but broadly sinuate medially; antennal club a third longer than the stem; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides rounded, less so and converging from rather behind the middle to the apex; punctures fine but distinct and sparse medially, strong and closer laterad; scutellum rather small, sparsely punctate; elytra distinctly longer than wide, circularly rounding in about apical two-fifths, slightly wider than the prothorax, the punc- tures very shallow and feebly impressed; humeral umbo strong and elongate; side margins finely punctate and with erect stiff hairs; pygidium with some very short hairs basally; hind tarsi not so long as usual, scarcely one-half longer than the tibiae in the male. Length (2 cf ) 10.0-10.5 mm.; width 5.2-5.5 mm. Southern Arizona. validiceps n. sp. Head (cf) about half as wide as the prothorax, distinctly smaller in the female as usual 10 10 — Body (cf) stout in form, oblong-oval, rather convex, moderately shining, pale yellowish-brown in color, the head infuscate basally, DYNASTIN/E 149 rather closely punctured anteriorly, sparsely basally, with a large transverse occipital area wholly devoid of sculpture; eyes large and very convex, separated by a little less than twice their width; clypeus rufous, more transverse than in the preceding but of the same general form and sculpture, the suture generally distinct throughout and broadly sinuate medially, but sometimes transverse and scarcely at all sinuate; antennal club long and curved as usual; prothorax almost twice as wide as long, of the usual form, the punc- tures laterad notably strong and rather close-set; scutellum very acute at apex, strongly punctate, with smooth margins; elytra a third or fourth longer than wide, the punctures rather small, moder- ately impressed, with evident geminate series but very variable in strength, sometimes conspicuous, occasionally almost obsolete; marginal bead finely punctate and with short erect stiff hairs; pygidium almost bald; hind tarsi long, nearly two-thirds longer than the tibiae. Female nearly like the male but with the elytra rather more deeply and distinctly sculptured and the sides a little more arcuate, the punctures along the marginal bead smaller, more widely spaced and with still smaller erect hairs; hind tarsi slightly longer than the tibiae. Length (14 d\ 6 9 ) 11.0-13.2 mm.; width 6.0-7.0 mm. Southern Arizona (in the Sta. Rita and Huachuca Mts., Doug- las and at other places) arizonica n. sp. Body (cf) more or less stout in form, smaller, oblong-oval, rather shiningr pale brownish-flavate in color, immaculate and glabrous; head! infuscate, rather closely punctate anteriorly, remotely and finely basally, with a transverse impunctate occipital area; eyes moderate,, separated by much more than twice their width; clypeus trapezoidal, with rounded sides, angles and apex, the edges moderately reflexed; surface densely punctate, generally somewhat impressed antero- laterad, the suture usually complete and feebly sinuate; antennae as usual; prothorax four-fifths wider than long, of the usual form and sparse, laterally more evident, punctuation; scutellum pointed, sparsely punctate, with smooth borders; elytra short, a fourth or fifth longer than wide, but slightly wider than the prothorax, broadly and obtusely rounded at tip, the sculpture of the usual order, the punctures rather small, feeble and well separated as a rule; pygidium with a few very short erect hairs basally; hind tarsi rather less than one-half longer than the tibiae. Female somewhat more elongate than the male, the other differences as usual, the clypeus shorter and more transverse, the hind tarsi a little longer than the tibiae. Length (17 d\ 12 9 ) 9.0-12.7 mm.; width 4.5-6.7 mm. (Valley of the Rio Grande, from Jemez Springs and Albuquerque, New Mexico, to the great bend, Texas, — Wenzel) melina n. sp. A — Throughout nearly as in melina but narrower and more elongate in form, with stronger and coarser elytral punctures and shorter clypeus, the latter more evenly semi-elliptical, with shallow and less dense rugulose sculpture, the suture evident, feebly sinuate; prothorax about twice as wide as long and differing in being fully as wide as the elytra; hind tarsi longer, the second joint almost half 150 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA as long as the tibiae. ' Length (cf) 10.5 mm. ; width 5.1 mm. Texas (El Paso), — Dunn. A single example pusilla n. subsp. Body much more elongate, oval, darker in color and larger, more shining, the male distinctly more slender than the female, paler in color and of a more flavate brown; head nearly as in melina, the clypeus not quite so long and the suture more deeply sinuate medially; prothorax also nearly as in that species, except that it is more nearly equal in width to the elytra, the latter more elongate, a third longer than wide, evenly and less obtusely rounded behind, almost similarly sculptured; pygidium, as usual, with a few moderate hairs basally. Female much larger, pale castaneous in color, shining, the head only a little smaller and almost half as wide as the prothorax, closely and rather coarsely punctate, the clypeus almost similar in form, the suture less sinuate, sometimes obliterated medially; antennal club straight, very slender, a little shorter than the stem; prothorax less transverse, more rounded at the sides and more finely, sparsely punctate; elytra fully a third longer than wide, in outline almost as in the male but more obtusely rounded at apex, the sculpture coarser and deeper but sparse, the interspaces very smooth and shining, the costae •convex and distinct; pygidium more transverse, less convex, more angulate at tip and having a few extremely short and stiff, widely scattered hairs basally; hind tarsi barely evidently longer than the tibiae. Length (i cf, 5 9 , the type being a female) 12.0-14.0 mm. width 5.8-6.8 mm. New Mexico (Jemez Springs and Albuquerque). facUis n. sp. Body rather narrowly elongate-oval, small in size, convex, not very shining, pale brownish-flavate in color; head (cf) very slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, the eyes convex, prominent, separated by but little more than twice their own width; punctures deep, rather strong, moderately close anteriorly, sparse and smaller basally: clypeus only one-half wider than long, parabolic, with sub- truncate and arcuate apex, the margins all slightly reflexed, the apex slightly more, the surface shallowly punctato-rugulose, the suture fine but evident throughout, strongly sinuate at the middle; antennae as usual; prothorax four-fifths wider than long, of the usual form, the punctures fine, sparse, but little larger or less sparse laterad; scutellum pointed, somewhat longer than wide, sparsely and ob- scurely punctate; elytra long, fully two-fifths longer than wide, somewhat wider than the prothorax, unusually rounded behind from near the middle, the punctures rather small, shallowly im- pressed and unusually obscure; pygidium with a few short hairs basally; hind tarsi less than one-half longer than the tibiae. Female shorter than the male, the head much smaller, the clypeus notably shorter and the suture less sinuate; eyes much smaller and less prominent; antennal club scarcely more than half as long; prothorax more nearly twice as wide as long, the punctures laterally coarser; elytra nearly similar in general outline and sculpture and also in the peculiarly dull lustre, but much shorter, only a fourth longer than wide, more distinctly wider than the prothorax; pygidium smoother, more shining and apparently glabrous; hind tarsi very slender, equal DYNASTIN.E 151 in length to the tibiae. Length (10 c?,'i 9) 9.6-11.5 mm.; width 4.7-5.8 mm. Arizona (Sta. Rita Mts.), — Wickham. .ovulata n. sp. The species of this section form a difficult study. The female is frequently very rare in collections and probably has more secluded habits than the male; this is particularly noticeable in the im- maculata section, but is also evident throughout. The restricted geographic habitat of most of the species can be inferred from the localities given above; immaculata is widely distributed, however, but the pubescent species, excepting pagana, seem to be restricted to the regions east of the Appalachian system. I have not seen pubenda Lee., and simply quote the very inadequate original description. That the males of the immaculata and arizonica groups of this section of Ochrosidia, should so resemble each other as to be invari- ably confounded and mingled together indiscriminately in probably every known collection, and yet have their females so radically different in facies, is an unexplainable fact, which however is doubtless the result of different life habits. Mr. Bates, in describing coahuilce, had before him a species of the immaculata type, and in comparing it with known forms, mistook the arizonica type, having similar males and females, for the true immaculata, having the sexes dissimilar. Section B. The general color scheme and structure of the antenna? in both sexes in this section resemble completely the corresponding features of the preceding section, thus precluding any suggestion of subge- neric difference, although the slender form of the body, quadrate and apically much reflexed clypeus, very different anterior tarsal claws of the male, margination of the pronotal base and very short tarsi in both sexes, would otherwise indicate such a subgeneric status. The side margins of the prothorax and elytra bristle with erect setae throughout. The species are moderately numerous but have as yet, as in the case of Section A, never been studied and are therefore almost wholly undescribed; they are, so far as known, as follows: Elytra abruptly much wider than the prothorax. Body above the aver- age in size, elongate, strongly convex, smooth and rather shining, castaneous, the elytra slightly more yellow; head (cf ) convex, more 152 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA than half as wide as the prothorax, confluently and rather coarsely punctate anteriorly, discretely and rather sparsely toward base, the eyes very moderate, separated by nearly three times their width; clypeus one-half wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, the sides parallel basally, feebly sinuate anteriorly, the apex arcuato-truncate, broadly, gradually and strongly reflexed, the surface coarsely and confluently punctate throughout, the suture entire, evident, broadly sinuate; antennal club arcuate, much longer than the stem; last palpal joint rather slender; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides parallel, feebly and evenly arcuate from base to apical third, there becoming arcuate and converging; basal angles moder- ately rounded, the apical short, not sharp; basal bead interrupted at the middle, the lateral extremely fine; surface broadly convex, finely but distinctly, sparsely punctate, barely at all more coarsely laterad; scutellum rather small, not very acute, ogival; elytra nearly one-half longer than wide, subcylindric, obtusely rounded at apex, fully a fourth wider than the prothorax, the punctures fine and sparse, partially in unimpressed series; pygidium transverse, convex, finely scabrous, having sparse pubescence basally; hind tarsi rather thick, not evidently longer than the tibiae; sterna closely pubescent. Female slightly larger and stouter than the male, otherwise nearly similar, except that the head is scarcely half as wide as the prothorax, the eyes a little smaller and the antennal club small, not quite half as long as in the male; pygidium less transverse, smaller and less convex, smoother, sparsely and feebly rugulose, sparsely pubescent basally. Length (cf 9 ) 13.0-14.3 mm.; width 5.9-6.4 mm. California abrupta n. sp. Elytra at base not abruptly wider than the prothorax 2 2 — Last joint of the maxillary palpi stout, the scar-like marking on it? upper surface broadly oval, flat and opaquely scabriculate. Body (cf) elongate-oval, very convex, smooth, pale brownish-flavate throughout, the elytra still more flavate; head slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, convex, black, the punctures strong but separated, larger, shallower and confluent anteriorly; clypeus as in the preceding but only two-fifths wider than long, the apex extremely reflexed; surface coarsely, transversely rugose, becoming smooth in the deeply concave apical part, the median line canalicu- late; suture fine, feebly defined, sinuate at the middle; eyes separated by three times their width; antennal club strongly curved, very much longer than the stem; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides rounded, feebly, then more strongly, converging anteriorly, the basal angles very broadly, gradually rounded into the sides, obliterated; basal bead distinct and entire, not at all interrupted; punctures fine, sparse, becoming rather coarse and close-set laterad; scutellum ogival, finely, sparsely punctate; elytra oval, not quite one-half longer than wide, at the middle distinctly wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths; punctures fine, feebly impressed, more distinct and lineate laterad, lineate every- where except near the suture, the series unimpressed; pygidium not very transverse, strongly convex, scabriculate, the sparse hairs DYNASTIIvME 153 basally extremely small; hind tarsi slightly longer than the tibiae; transverse abdominal series of punctures irregular and rather confused. Length (cf) 11.4 mm.; width 5.2 mm. Oregon (Cor- vallis), — Moznette reflexa n. sp. Last joint of the maxillary palpi slender, with a narrow impressed fossa on its upper surface 3 3 — Small species, never much exceeding 10 mm. in average length. . .4 Larger species, much exceeding 10 mm. in average length of body. . . .8 4 — Basal bead of the pronotum entire, though sometimes becoming very feeble medially 5 Basal bead broadly obliterated medially 6 5 — Form oblong-oval, only moderately convex, smooth, the elytra unusually short; color pale brownish-yellow. Head (c?) not visibly more than half as wide as the prothorax, discretely and moderately punctate, with a subimpunctate medial occipital area, densely and coarsely rugose anteriorly behind the suture; eyes separated by two and one-half times their width; clypeus two-fifths wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, with almost evenly arcuate sides, arcuato- truncate apex and moderately rounded angles, strongly, transversely rugose, the rugae gradually lost anteriorly, feebly impressed along the middle ; sides moderately, the apex more strongly, reflexed ; suture coarse at the sides, fine, entire and sinuate medially; antennal club strongly curved, only a little longer than the stem, rather wide; prothorax relatively small, nearly twice as wide as long, the sides parallel and barely arcuate to beyond the middle, there gradually rounded and convergent to the short but sharp angles, the basal angles moderately broadly rounded; punctures fine, sparse, strong and rather close laterad, also closer along the entire basal bead throughout; scutellum as long as wide, ogival, punctured except apically; elytra barely a third longer than wide, more than a third wider than the prothorax, oblong, with parallel arcuate sides and obtusely rounded apex; punctures fine, feeble, lineate, confused and mingled with minute punctules suturally; sternal pubescence rather sparse and inconspicuous; transverse series of the abdomen even; hind tarsi very slender, not quite as long as the tibiae. Female a little larger, with slightly more elongate hind body, the slender filiform hind tarsi barely three-fourths as long as the tibiae. Length (cf 9 ) 9.7-12.0 mm.; width 4.7-5.8 mm. Southern California,— Dunn. Four examples phasma n. sp. Form more elongate-oval, strongly convex, smooth, similar in coloration. Head (cf) almost three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, blackish, rufescent anteriorly, finely, sparsely punctate, becoming coarsely rugose behind the suture; eyes as in phasma; clypeus one-half wider than long, the sides subparallel, feebly oblique anteriorly, the angles rounded, the apex truncate, broadly and strongly reflexed, the sides basally not reflexed but with the fine bead elevated, the surface rufous, shining, nearly smooth, becoming gradually though moder- ately rugose basally; antennal club much curved, distinctly longer than the stem; prothorax about twice as wide as long, the sides moderately, subevenly rounded, more converging apically, the 154 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA basal angles moderately rounded; base arcuate, the bead gradually very feeble medially; punctures extremely fine and sparse, distinct but not coarse near the sides, not closer along the base; elytra fully one-half longer than wide, a little wider than the prothorax, the sides feebly arcuate; apex circularly rounded; punctures small, not very deep, sparse, rather confused basally, elsewhere lineate, except toward the suture; pygidium moderately convex, finely scabriculate, sparsely pubescent basally; hind tarsi not quite as long as the tibiae. Female with the head and prothorax relatively much smaller than in the male, the eyes smaller, the clypeus more coarsely rugose almost throughout ; antennal club small, less than half as long as in the male; elytra a little shorter, finely, remotely punctulate, the punctures not so confused basally, in unimpressed series except suturally, the sutural series regular as usual ; pygidium smoother, more shining, gla- brous; hind tarsi very small, slender, only three-fourths as long as the tibiae. Length (cf 9 ) 9.8-10.5 mm.; width 4.7-5.0 mm. Arizona (Huachuca Mts.), — H. W. Wenzel modulata n. sp. 6 — Front densely and strongly rugose behind the clypeal suture; clypeus with the sides not at all reflexed in basal two-thirds, the surface continuing unmodified to the extreme edges, concave and strongly reflexed only at apex. Body subparallel, rather strongly convex and shining, pale brownish-yellow, the head black, the front rufescent and the clypeus rufous, the punctures becoming fine and sparse basally; eyes separated by a little more than twice their widths, the clypeus coarsely and unusually deeply, confluently punctate, of the usual subquadrate form, the strongly upturned apex smooth in the concavity, the median line feebly impressed; antennal club but little longer than the stem, slightly curved; prothorax three- fourths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded and slightly converging anteriorly from the broadly rounded basal angles to the apex, finely, sparsely punctate, more distinctly and less sparsely laterad; basal bead fine, only visible toward the sides; scutellum acutely ogival, finely, sparsely punctate; elytra nearly two-fifths longer than wide, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides, circularly rounded at apex, barely at all wider than the prothorax, the punc- tures fine, sparse and feebly impressed, in series except suturad; abdomen with the punctures of the transverse series notably fine. Length (cf ) 10.8 mm.; width 5.1 mm. Arizona (Tucson), — Wick- ham rugulifrons n. sp. Front not strongly or densely rugose behind the suture; clypeus concave along the sides 7 7 — Form oval, convex, not very shining, the elytra dullish; color as in the preceding; head ( 9 ) nearly three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, sparsely punctate, finely posteriorly, coarsely but shallowly and discretely anteriad; clypeus one-half wider than long, feebly trape- zoidal, with rounded sides and truncate apex, the surface deeply concave, smooth and alutaceous throughout the external periphery to the extreme base, the medio-basal parts convex, rather coarsely but not deeply, densely punctate and feebly impressed along the middle suture rather fine but unusually deep and strong throughout the DYNASTIN^E 155 width, broadly, feebly sinuate medially, deeply sinuate at the sides; prothorax about twice as wide as long, in form nearly as in the pre- ceding and similarly punctured; basal bead rather thick, wholly obliterated medially; scutellum small, slightly wider than long, ogival, with very arcuate sides, finely, feebly, sparsely punctate; elytra oval, two-fifths longer than wide, fully a third wider than the prothorax, the sides arcuate; punctures rather large, impressed, confused suturad but in rather regular and moderately impressed series elsewhere; punctures of the regular abdominal series not very small; hind tarsi small, not three-fourths as long as the tibiae, Length (9 ) 9.7 mm.; width 4.8 mm. Arizona. A single example, without further indication of locality ambiens n. sp. Form elongate, rather slender and parallel, moderately convex, slightly shining, pale brownish-flavate, the prothorax slightly more rufous; head (cf) fully three-fifths as wide as the prothorax, black, including the basal part of the clypeus; punctures fine, sparse, large, confused but very shallow behind the suture; eyes separated by but little more than twice their width; clypeus two-fifths wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, with feebly bisinuate sides, feebly arcuate apex with rather broadly rounded angles, nearly smooth and very gradually strongly reflexed anteriorly, the lateral concavities not extending quite to the base; medio-basal part feebly, broadly and gradually convex, shallowly rugulose in irregular transverse lines; suture strong, deep and entire, broadly sinuate medially; antennal club strongly curved, distinctly longer than the stem; prothorax four- fifths wider than long, in form nearly as in the preceding two species, the fine but distinct punctures less sparse, the fine basal bead only visible toward the sides; scutellum wider than long, acutely ogival, finely, rather sparsely punctulate; elytra almost one-half longer than wide, not distinctly wider than the prothorax, parallel, with feebly arcuate sides and broadly, unusually obtusely rounded apex; punc- tures small, feeble, sparse, arranged in very irregular unimpressed series, except toward the suture; pygidium convex, shining, with very close-set but distinct punctures, bald; punctures of the regular abdominal series rather strong; claw-joint of the anterior tarsi very short as usual in this section, not quite twice as long as wide; hind tarsi short, scarcely as long as the tibiae. Length (cf ) 10.3 mm.; width 4.7 mm. Texas (Austin). A single example, taken by the writer marcida n. sp. 8 — Head (c?) smaller, less than half as wide as the prothorax; body stout, convex, the coloration and sculpture as in the preceding species; head rufous, infuscate basally, finely, sparsely punctate, rugose anteriorly; eyes separated by scarcely more than twice their width; clypeus rugose, two-fifths wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, the sides feebly sinuate anteriorly, the apex rather strongly reflexed, slightly arcuate, the obtuse angles moderately rounded; sides not or scarcely reflexed; median line broadly, feebly impressed; suture rather indistinct medially, deep and coarse at the sides; antennal club longer than the stem, moderately curved; prothorax but little more than one-half wider than long, the sides just visibly converging 156 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA from the moderately rounded basal angles to beyond the middle, then rounding and more converging to the short but sharp apical angles; basal bead distinct, obliterated medially; punctures fine, very sparse, becoming stronger and closer only very near the sides; scutellum ogival, sparsely punctulate; elytra less than one-half longer than wide, nearly two-fifths wider than the prothorax, the parallel sides arcuate; apex rapidly and very obtusely rounded; punctures small, sparse, feebly impressed, in irregular unimpressed series, the confused punctures of the second interval becoming narrowly aggregated along the middle except basally; pygidium scabriculate, having numerous hairs basally; hind tarsi a little longer than the tibiae. Length (cf ) 13.0 mm.; width 6.7 mm. California, .obesula n. sp. Head (cf) larger, generally more than half as wide as the prothorax; body more or less stout in form 9 9 — Elytral sculpture as in the preceding, the punctures fine and sparse, feebly impressed though distinct, broadly confused throughout the length of the second interval 10 Elytral sculpture different, rugose suturally and with several feebly impressed lines, of which one near outer third for some distance behind the middle is especially noticeable; punctures everywhere so minute and sparse as to be scarcely discoverable; body larger than in any other species 1 1 10 — Form very stout, convex, shining, pale red-brown, the elytra more flavate; head black, the punctures rather close-set, the front rufescent and coarsely rugose; eyes separated by much more than twice their width; clypeus trapezoidal and one-half wider than long, the sides nearly straight, the apex strongly reflexed; surface coarsely, deeply punctato-rugose, the sides not reflexed but with the usual bead; median line not or scarcely impressed; suture fine but deep and very distinct, entire, broadly sinuate medially; antennal club longer than the stem; prothorax barely three-fifths wider than long, the sides parallel and nearly straight, arcuate and converging beyond the middle; basal angles unusually narrowly rounded; basal bead very feeble and flat, broadly obliterated medially; punctures minute and very remote medially, gradually more distinct though still sparse laterad; scutellum with rounded sides and very obtuse apex, very feebly, sparsely punctulate; elytra two-fifths longer than wide, two- fifths wider than the prothorax, obtusely rounded at apex, the punctures widely separated, in general serial, and, broadly toward the sides, becoming rather large, deeply impressed and conspicuous, the lustre more shining than in most of the preceding species; sternal pubescence rather long and abundant; sparse hairs of the abdomen unusually long and fine; hind tarsi about a fourth longer than the tibiae. Length (cf) 13.2 mm.; width 6.5 mm. California (San Diego), — Ricksecker oblongula n. sp. Form less stout, more oval, convex, rather shining, the color as in the preceding; head (cf ) distinctly more than half as wide as the pro- thorax, strongly, closely and anteriorly coalescently punctate, more finely but rather closely basally, with a smoother spot at the middle of the vertex, deep black, this color extending onto the base of the DYNASTIISLE 157 clypeus, which is more transverse than usual, more than one-half wider than long, trapezoidal, the sides feebly sinuate anteriorly, the apex truncate, with broadly rounded angles, strongly reflexed; surface strongly, coalescently punctured, impressed along the median line and broadly toward the sides; suture fine but distinct, strongly sinuate at the middle; antennal club strongly curved, longer than the stem; eyes separated by evidently less than twice their width; prothorax only one-half wider than long, the sides strongly rounded, more converging anteriorly, the basal angles broadly rounded; base arcuate, not margined except feebly near the sides; punctures minute and very remote, more distinct and closer laterad; elytra not quite one-half longer than wide, oval, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, more than a fourth wider than the prothorax; surface subrugulose, finely, sparsely, sublineately punctate; pygidium convex, scabriculate, with very few extremely short hairs basally; hind tarsi not distinctly longer than the tibiae. Female similar but with the elytra a little shorter and more broadly oval, the head and also prothorax relatively smaller, the frontal suture less sinuate, the prothorax shorter, the stronger basal bead only interrupted medially; hind tarsi tapering, thickened basally, three-fourths as long as the tibiae. Length (cf 9 ) 11.5-12.2 mm.; width 6.0-6.3 mm- Arizona (Congress Junction), — F. H. Snow. Three examples. prona n. sp. II — Body elongate-oval, strongly convex, rather shining, pale brownish- rufous; head (cf ) slightly more than half as wide as the prothorax, with well separated punctures, rufous and rugose anteriorly; eyes separated by fully two and one-half times their width; clypeus one- half wider than long, the sides at first straight and feebly, then straight and more strongly, converging, to the strongly reflexed apex, the angles rounded; surface coarsely and deeply rugose basally, feebly in the concave anterior part, feebly impressed along' the middle; side margins fine and elevated; suture coarse, entire, broadly, circularly sinuate medially; antennal club as in prona; prothorax fully three-fifths wider than long, the sides parallel and scarcely arcuate, rounding and converging in nearly apical half; base evenly arcuate, with a thick entire bead; basal angles moder- ately broadly rounded; punctures minute and remote, rather close and strong near the sides; scutellum obtusely ogival, with strongly rounded sides; elytra one-half longer than wide, more than a fourth wider than the prothorax, the parallel sides arcuate; apex circularly rounded in two-fifths; pygidium convex, transverse, with numerous erect hairs basally; tibiae rather stouter than usual; hind tarsi slightly though evidently longer than the tibiae. Length (cf ) 14.4 mm.; width 6.8 mm. California (the locality not definitely re- corded). One specimen rustica n. sp. Form elongate, testaceous, shining; head sparsely punctate, nigrescent; front testaceous; clypeus parabolic, subtruncate, the apical margin strongly reflexed; prothorax sparsely punctate, somewhat narrowed 158 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA anteriorly; elytra not at all deeply, rugosely punctate. Length 9.5 mm. Lower California (Cape San Lucas). [Cyclocephala longula Lee.] longula Lee. Form elongate, testaceous, shining; head sparsely, more finely punctate, black; clypeus parabolic, truncate, the apical margin strongly re- flexed; prothorax sparsely punctate, the apical margin blackish, somewhat narrowed anteriorly; elytra not at all deeply punctate. Length 10.0 mm. Mississippi (Ship Island). [Cyclocephala sedi- tiosa Lee.] seditiosa Lee. Besides the larger species described above, such as obesula, oblongula and prona, I have at hand a series of eleven males and one female, which, as a whole, are more slender and slightly smaller, varying from 10 to 13 mm. in length. They were collected at various points in southern California and are typical of the form universally labeled longula Lee., in our collections. I have strong reason to believe, however, that they are not longula, and they appear to be somewhat composite, but to work out the various closely related forms would be a vast labor in itself and require large series from definite localities. The fauna of the region about Cape San Lucas differs appreciably from that of the coast regions of southern California, but tends to extend to the northward along the eastern side of the peninsula as far at least as the upper end of the gulf. I have simply translated the original descriptions of longula and seditiosa and attach them to the table, further useful taxonomy being impossible at present. Seditiosa would seem to belong truly to this Section B of Ochrosidia and, if this is so, greatly extends the geographic range of this peculiar group of species to the eastward. Mr. Bates does not describe the male antennae of his Cyclocephala ovuhim, and my single example is a female. The form of the anterior tarsal claws of the male shows that it cannot be associated with dimidiata, as suggested by the author; its general facies is so similar to that of Ochrosidia that, if the antennal club of the male were in any way similarly constituted, I should not hesitate to regard it as the type of a Section C of this subgenus; at any rate, it belongs in this vicinity and, if not a section of Ochrosidia proper, is probably a subgenus equivalent in value to the following: DYNASTIN/E 159 Group II. Subgenus Graphalia nov. This subgenus of Ochrosidia includes as typical forms lunulata andfulgurata of Burmeister and comata Bates, the first two of which are represented in my collection. The complex nebulous design on the pronotum is well developed in fulgurata but is not so evident in my male example of lunulata, said to be from Sta. Catharina, Brazil ; it is however a very variable feature. The following species is allied to lunulata but is narrower and differs in the clypeus, clypeal suture, in its smaller head, in sculpture and other characters: Form elongate-oval, strongly convex and shining, glabrous, pale brown- ish-flavate, the abdomen a little darker, the pygidium clouded toward the sides; head (c/1) much less than half as wide as the prothorax, blackish, the punctures moderate, rather close-set but fine and sparse basally; eyes separated by barely more than twice their own width; clypeus obscure rufous, three-fifths wider than long, trapezoidal, the sides feebly arcuate, becoming rather more oblique and straight anteriorly, the apex arcuato-truncate, moderately reflexed, the angles rounded; surface confluently but very shallowly punctate, gradually smooth anteriorly, broadly impressed toward the sides, except near the base; suture broadly impressed, entire, sinuate medially; an- tennal club three-fourths as long as the stem; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides evenly rounded and gradually converging from the broadly rounded basal to the very sharp and moderately prominent apical angles; base feebly margined near the sides; surface smooth, with a complex nubilate design, the punctures very fine, rather sparse, not closer but larger laterad, wanting around the small sublateral spot; scutellum very acutely pointed, finely, feebly, sparsely punctate; elytra scarcely a third longer than wide, not" evidently wider than the prothorax, broadly parabolic in apical third; surface very shining, having two small brown spots near basal third, the inner linear and oblique, and one, minute, brown discal point behind the middle; punctures rather sparse, moderately impressed, not very fine and in great part linearly arranged; pro- pygidium minutely, closely punctate and with close-set, very small hairs, the pygidium convex, more shining, finely scabriculate and with very short sparser hairs; claw-joint of the anterior male tarsi bent, as long as the preceding three; hind tarsi a fourth longer than the tibiae. Length (cf) 12.5 mm.; width 6.5 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) *oblita n. sp. This species is allied to lunulata Burm., but differs in its less broadly truncate, relatively less transverse clypeus, which is more impressed laterally and with medially sinuate and not virtually rectilinear suture, in not having the pronotal punctures closer 160 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA laterally, in the much more closely punctulate and pubescent propygidium and less transverse and more convex pygidium; the hind tarsi are evidently shorter. There are only two brown pronotal spots at each side of the median, anteriorly flavomaculate vitta, not counting the constant sublateral dark dot. The true home of lunulata is Brazil, though there are some closely allied forms in Mexico and other regions, of which oblita is one. Dichromina n. gen. There are two structural characters common to all the species of the dimidiata type, which constitute it one of the more distinct and specialized divisions of the great Cyclocephala complex, and without doubt it is therefore entitled to generic distinction. These structural features refer to the form of the larger claw of the anterior male tarsi and to the very small, indeed relatively minute, tarsi. The general habitus, due to the peculiar form and coloration of the body, is also rather distinctive though practically reproduced in the next genus, as well as in Cyclocephala atricapilla, which is here referred to the genus Stigmalia, though probably not truly belonging there ; if we overlook the large head and very peculiar pygidium of atricapilla, it could just as well be placed in Homochromina; in pygidial structure of the female, it however does not accord with any known generic type. Guttata Bates, seems to belong to this genus, although my single example is a female, as was also the unique type described in the Biologia; besides this and a species probably from Brazil, though marked "Peru" on the label, sent to me under the name melanocephala Fabr., there are in my collec- tion the four following species: Eyes separated by twice their width or more in both sexes 2 Eyes notably large and prominent, separated by less than twice their width in both sexes 4 2 — Pygidium (9) shining, with well separated, shallow, irregular punc- tures throughout; prothorax shorter, nearly twice as wide as long. Body elongate-oval, moderately convex, shining, pale red-brown in color, the sterna sometimes black, the elytra pale brownish-flavate; head about half as wide as the prothorax, black, discretely and irregularly punctate; clypeus rufous to nearly black, two-fifths wider than long, trapezoidal, very coarsely but shallowly rugose, convex, broadly impressed along the middle, the truncate apex moderately refiexed and smooth, the obtuse angles not rounded; antennal club small, oval, barely more than twice as long as wide; clypeal suture DYNASTIN^; 161 distinct, rather sharply sinuate at the middle; prothorax subparallel, the sides rounding and converging well before the middle; basal angles moderately rounded; base feebly lobed medially, completely immarginate; apical angles sharp and prominent; punctures fine but strong, sparse, notably coarse and rather close toward the sides; scutellum ogival, rather closely punctate, with wide smooth margins; elytra fully one-half longer than wide, more than three times as long as the prothorax and, at the middle, but little wider, circularly rounded at tip; punctures not very fine but shallow, moderately close, arranged for the greater part in rather close-set unimpressed series; hind tarsi rather more than three-fourths as long as the tibiae. Length ( 9 ) 1 1. o-i 1.4 mm.; width 5.4-5.7 mm. Mexico (Tepehuane?, Durango), — Wickham *regularis n. sp. Pygidium in both sexes densely but finely scabriculate; prothorax less transverse, three-fifths to two-thirds wider than long 3 3 — Hind body elongate, always much more than one-half longer than wide. Body nearly as in the preceding but a little stouter, especially in the female, the coloration nearly similar; head more or less than half as wide as the prothorax, black, variably punctate, the eyes (cf) separated by only a little less than twice their width; clypeus usually dark rufous, trapezoidal, nearly as in the preceding but with the obtuse angles generally not at all sharply defined and usually somewhat rounded; antennal club (cf ) small, three times as long as wide and much shorter than the stem, only a little smaller in the female; prothorax with the sides feebly converging to before the middle, then, gradually rounded and more convergent to the apex; basal margin without trace of beading, the feeble median lobe somewhat truncate medially; punctures as in regular-is but relatively less coarse laterad; scutellum similar but more obtuse; elytra similar but relatively distinctly broader and with the otherwise similar punctures smaller, or at least feebler and less well defined, generally denser and more confused postero-externally; hind tarsi (cf ) three- fourths, or ( 9 ) barely more than two-thirds, as long a? the tibiae. Length (cf 9) 11.8-15.0 mm.; width 5.9-7.8 mm. Mexico (Jalapa and Durango), Arizona and in the southern parts of California. Abundant and varying greatly in size. [ Cyclocephala dimidiata Burm.] dimidiata Burm. Hind body much more abbreviated, distinctly less than one-half longer than wide. Body colored similarly throughout; head (cf) similar but with the eyes separated by distinctly more than twice their width; clypeus similar and with the truncate apex strongly and gradually reflexed, but with the sculpture of the basal parts still coarser and shallower, confusedly rugulose; prothorax similar, but with the punctures everywhere stronger; scutellum sharply ogival, strongly, closely punctate, with the usual abrupt smooth margins; elytra medially about a third wider than the prothorax, more broadly rounded at apex, the punctures similarly disposed but much larger, deeper and conspicuous, finer and more confused postero-Iaterad; pygidium convex and, as usual, glabrous, finely, densely scabriculate, T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 1 62 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA but more loosely and coarsely so toward the lateral angles than in dimidiata; hind tarsi slender, four-fifths as long as the tibiae; punc- tures of the transverse abdominal series finer and more confused. Length (cf) 11.4 mm.; width 6.0 mm. Lower California (San Jose del Cabo). [ Cyclocephala elegans Horn] elegans Horn 4 — Body oblong-oval, much smaller in size, rather dilated posteriorly in both sexes; coloration and lustre as in the preceding species; head (cf ) a little more than half as wide as the prothorax, the punctures fine and rather sparse; eyes very large, prominent, separated by two-thirds more than their width; clypeus relatively small and short, three-fifths wider than long, exactly trapezoidal, the obtuse angles rather well defined, the oblique sides and truncate apex straight, the apex gradually and moderately reflexed; surface with coarse, shallow, gradually anteriorly obliterated rugulose sculpture; suture almost straight; antennal club evidently shorter than the stem; prothorax nearly twice as wide as long, nearly as in the preceding but more arcuate at base and with more broadly rounded angles; scutellum similar but shorter, more obtusely ogival; elytra shorter than in dimidiata, a third longer than wide, more obtusely rounded at tip, nearly a third wider than the prothorax; punctures rather coarse, close-set and in close unimpressed series, confused on the second and fourth intervals; pygidium closely scabriculate through- out; hind tarsi nearly as long as the tibiae. Female larger but otherwise nearly similar, the eyes separated by very nearly twice their width; antennal club a little smaller; prothorax nearly as in the male, the elytra similar, the edges not modified; pygidium simi- larly densely and finely scabriculate but less convex, it being tumid near the apex in the male; hind tarsi barely three-fourths as long as the tibiae. Length (cf 9 ) 9.2-10.5 mm.; width 4.6-5.4 mm. Pan- ama (Chiriqui) *ocularis n. sp. If I have identified elegans properly, it is undoubtedly not the same as dimidiata, the abbreviated hind body and more strongly punctured elytra giving it a distinctly different appearance. The pronotum in dimidiata is sometimes nearly as black as the head, though usually it is of a bright brownish-rufous color, always perfectly uniform throughout the surface. Homochromina n. gen. In this genus the clypeus has a form altogether different from that seen in any of the immediately preceding genera and is more like that of Stigmalia, though not having any indication of apical sinuation; it is large and nearly flat, finely sculptured and with feeble trapezoidal outline and arcuate, very moderately reflexed apex, having broadly rounded angles. The coloration and general aspect of the body is nearly as in Dichromina, but the tarsi are not so DYNASTIN^E 163 abbreviated and the sculpture throughout is finer and feebler, the pygidium being almost sculptureless and highly polished. The ligular part of the mentum is moderately constricted and generally slightly concave, but the apex is broadly arcuato-truncate. The mandibles are slender, truncate and sometimes externally prominent at tip, the antennal club small in both sexes and the larger anterior claw of the male is long, stout, cleft at apex, the slender upper ramus extending as far as the lower. The three species at hand, which are all peculiar to the tropical regions of Mexico, may be known as follows: Base of the pronotum with a distinct marginal bead, interrupted medially. Body very elongate-oval, convex, polished throughout, blackish- castaneous, the head and clypeus deep black, the elytra pale yellow- ish-brown, wholly immaculate; head (cf ) small, two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, very finely, sparsely punctate, the surface continu- ously flat throughout the front and clypeus, the latter large, less than one-half wider than long, finely and very shallowly, irregularly but discretely punctulate, the sides converging very slightly from base to the broadly rounded angles and with a fine elevated bead, the apex broadly arcuate, slightly thickened and gradually very moderately reflexed; suture fine, obliterated medially; eyes moder- ate, the antennal club small, oval; prothorax one-half wider than long, feebly trapezoidal, the sides evenly and moderately converging; from the rather broadly rounded angles to the apex and evenly,, rather feebly arcuate; apical angles sharp and prominent; punctures very sparse throughout, fine medially, slightly more distinct toward the sides; scutellum flat, sharply ogival, minutely and remotely punctulate; elytra about one-half longer than wide, rounding behind about the middle, barely visibly wider than the prothorax, sparsely, very finely and feebly punctulate, the punctures for the most part in rather irregular series; pygidium very convex, polished and almost sculptureless, finely scabriculate near the side angles, glabrous, the lower margins not sinuate; punctures of the abdominal series very fine and feeble; hind tarsi missing in the type, the intermediate slightly longer than the tibiae; claw-joint of the anterior almost as long as the others combined. Length (c?) 16.0 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Mexico (locality unknown) *divisa n. sp. Base of the pronotum completely immarginate 2 2 — Form more broadly elongate-oval, convex, polished throughout; color of the entire body and legs dark and rich red-brown, the elytra alone pale brownish-flavate, wholly glabrous, the sternal ves- titure rather sparse but evident; head (9) scarcely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, dark castaneous, blackish basally, minutely, sparsely punctulate, the median parts of the front sculptureless; clypeus shorter, fully two-thirds wider than long, strongly trape- zoidal, the converging sides with fine elevated bead, the angles and 164 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA unreflexed apex continuously rounded, the apical bead thickened and more elevated; surface feebly convex, with sparse, very fine, shallow, crescentiform punctuation; suture fine, broadly and com- pletely obliterated medially; antennal club relatively a little larger than in the preceding male type; prothorax more transverse, nearly two-thirds wider than long, the sides feebly converging from base to apex and more strongly arcuate; basal angles broadly rounded, the apical sharp; punctures everywhere very sparse, minute, a little more distinct laterad; scutellum flat, acutely ogival, smooth, having merely a few minute punctures basally; elytra two-fifths longer than wide, fully a third wider than the prothorax, the sides abruptly inflated at three-fifths, the edge there declivously explanate but perfectly even and without trace of callus or external sinus, the prominence more abruptly disappearing posteriorly than anteriorly, where the edge is very slightly thickened to about basal third: punctures sparse, rather small, shallowly impressed, partially lineate, finer, closer, deeper and more distinct but confused postero-laterad; pygidium extremely smooth and polished, sculptureless, except a slight punctulation at the extreme sides: hind tarsi but very little longer than the tibiae. Length (9) 16.0 mm.; width 9.4 mm. Mexico (Jalapa) *politicauda n. sp. Form still more broadly oval, the body arid legs throughout blackish, the pronotum and elytra wholly pale rufo- and flavo-testaceous respectively; head and clypeus (9) deep black, small, not quite two-fifths as wide as the prothorax; front feebly, medially bi-im- pressed, minutely, not closely punctate, impunctate along the median convexity and at base; clypeus one-half wider than long, the sides distinctly converging, feebly arcuate and minutely beaded to the rounded apex, which is very much thickened and strongly elevated, with the inner line of the summit sharply defined; surface finely but rather strongly, closely punctate-scabrous; suture fine but evident throughout, broadly sinuate medially; moderate eyes and the antennal club as in the preceding; prothorax short and very transverse, about twice as wide as long, the sides strongly, evenly rounded, more converging apically, the basal angles moderately rounded, the apical not very sharp and moderately prominent; base feebly sinuato-truncate at the scutellum; punctures as in the pre- ceding; scutellum obtusely ogival, smooth, slightly rugulose at base; elytra two-fifths longer than wide, between a fourth and fifth wider than the prothorax, rather strongly arcuate at the sides, which are rather rapidly convergent and arcuate behind the middle, the edges not modified, except by a slight thickening from basal fourth to behind the middle; surface broadly impressed at about outer third, feebly, rather finely and not at all closely punctate, the punctures confused almost throughout but with two double series visible basally on each; pygidium glabrous, very smooth, somewhat convex along the middle, nearly sculptureless though feebly scabriculate toward the ends, the lower margins not sinuate; hind tarsi not very slender and about as long as the tibiae. Length (9) 18.0 mm.; width 9.8 mm. Mexico (Jalapa) *atriceps n. sp. DYNASTIN^E 165 The type of the first of the above species was received under the name sangidnicollis Burm., but the description of Burmeister will not apply satisfactorily to either it or politicauda. It is probable that the genus will include sanguinicollis, however, as well as epistomalis Bates, Icevicauda Arrow and some others; the latter species is probably allied closely to atriceps, but is larger, apparently more elongate and the pygidium is said to be piliferously punctulate ; it is also from a different locality — Guatemala. The above species are all represented by single examples. The genera Halotosia and Aclinidia, of the table, need not occupy further attention at present; the former is founded upon the very isolated Cyclocephalafasciolataoi Bates, having not only a very distinctive scheme of ornamentation, but an extremely broad ligula, and the latter upon the Gryllotalpid-like castanea Fabr., having not only a remarkably different facies from any other species, but rather radically specialized abdominal structure in the male. It is true that the essential generic characters of many of the genera here proposed are sexual in nature, but such criteria in many parts of the Coleoptera are necessary and legitimate, as for example in some sections of the Pselaphidae. Dyscinetus Harold. Chalepus MacL. The mandibular differences between Dyscinetus and the true Cyclocephalids are so radical, and accompanied by such marked divergence in the general habitus of the body, that it and some other allied generic and subgeneric groups of species should be considered a distinct subtribe of the Cyclocephalini in any complete treatment of the tribe. The body is elongate, subparallel, only moderately convex, generally deep black in color and with much thicker and denser integuments than in most of the true Cyclo- cephalids. The species are numerous and distributed almost throughout both of the American continents, excepting the Pacific coast provinces. There are at least two subgeneric groups as follows : Claw-joint of the anterior male tarsi swollen, the inner claw notably large, unequally split at apex, with the smaller ramus very slender as usual in the tribe Group I Claw-joint not at all swollen, slender, the larger claw of a completely 1 66 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA different structure, being small, slender and widely forked through more than half its length, the arms widely diverging Group II Possibly the very small species, with much less developed head, allied to bidentatus Burm., will constitute another subgenus, but the male is unknown to me at present. In fact the male, through- out this part of the tribe, seems to be much less abundant than the female, which is another point of difference. Group I. Subgenus Dyscinetus in sp. As there are a considerable number of species in my collection, most of which seem to be undescribed, I have ventured to include several South American species in the following statement: Body larger in size, with the head well developed, the prosternal process dilated at apex 2 Body small in size, the head less developed. Brazil 1 1 2 — Pygidium discretely punctate in both sexes; clypeus rugulose 3 Pygidium at least in part densely scabriculate in both sexes; clypeus finely and sparsely punctate 9 3 — Elytra with the punctures very fine and feeble, sometimes obsolete. 4 Elytra with the punctures everywhere very distinct 7 4 — Abdominal segments without trace of transverse series, confusedly punctate toward the sides. Form short and subquadrate, deep black, shining, the legs blackish-piceous; head rather more than half as wide as the prothorax, with sparse and moderate shallow punctures, the clypeus broadly trapezoidal, shining, not densely or strongly rugulose, the edges all sharply reflexed, the apex sinuato- truncate, the apex below the margin externally broad and minutely, closely punctulate; surface gradually declivous toward the sides, the suture distinct, broadly, feebly angulate; antennal club small as usual; mentum tumid anteriorly; prothorax short and transverse, a little wider than the base of the elytra, fully twice as wide as long, with parallel and rounded sides, broadly rounded basal angles and thick convex base, the punctures sparse and distinct but shallow; scutellum broadly ogival, perfectly sculptureless; elytra barely as long as wide, obtuse at apex, the sides strongly arcuate, slightly more prominent medially, the edge thick, thinner apically; surface smooth, finely, sparsely punctate, with three flat double series, the punctures toward the sides becoming almost obsolete; pygidium with coarse and irregular, unevenly distributed and rather shallow punctures; tarsi slender, rather short. Length (9) 16.0 mm.; width 9.3 mm. Mexico (near the city), — Wickham. *subquadratus n. sp. Abdominal segments each with a single series of punctures toward the sides, with a few dispersed punctures also at the extreme sides; body more elongate-oval, the elytral sculpture still more obsolete 5 DYNASTIN^E 167 5 — Pygidium (9 ) impressed at the middle of the lower margins. Body oblong, convex, polished and very shining, black, the legs slightly less black; head large, distinctly more than half as wide as the pro- thorax; front rather strongly but not densely punctate throughout the width; clypeus very transverse and strongly trapezoidal, sparsely rugulose, sloping laterally, punctulate latero-basally, the angles rounded; apex sinuato-truncate; edges sharply reflexed and even throughout; suture rectilinear, deep; antennae and mentum nearly as in the preceding; prothorax nearly three-fourths wider than long, the sides broadly arcuate, gradually more converging from rather behind the middle; punctures very fine and remote throughout; scutellum nearly smooth; elytra a third longer than wide, a fourth wider than the prothorax, the sides rather strongly, subevenly arcuate, not at all more prominent at the middle, the edges thick, thinner apically, having just within, at about basal fourth, a rather distinct canaliculation; punctures excessively minute and sparse, almost obsolete; pygidium strongly convex, polished, the punctures fine and remote, becoming rather coarse but shallow and close-set laterally; hind tarsi rather thick, much shorter than the tibiae; apex of the prosternal process strongly bulbose. Length (9 ) 20.0 mm.; width 10.3 mm. Mexico (Durango City), — Wickham. *laevissimus n. sp. Pygidium (9 ) not impressed at the lower margins; body smaller in size though nearly similar in color, sculpture and habitus 6 6 — -Head notably large in both sexes, much more than half as wide as the prothorax, finely, sparsely punctate; clypeus as in the preceding but with the oblique sides rather more arcuate and the obtuse apical angles less broadly rounded, the apex deeply sinuato-truncate, the edges sharply reflexed; suture fine, almost, rectilinear, sometimes feebly angulate at the middle; prothorax two-thirds to three-fourths wider than long, as in the preceding but with the sides more parallel and less anteriorly converging, broadly, evenly rounded; punctures everywhere remote and extremely small, sometimes gradually more distinct laterad; scutellum sharply ogival, perfectly smooth; elytra as in the preceding but not quite so elongate, very little wider than the prothorax, more dilated posteriorly in the male and there much more exceeding the prothorax in width, the sides arcuate, very slightly more prominent medially in the female; punctures sparse and very fine, having the usual arrangement, sometimes almost completely obsolete; pygidium (9) less convex than in lamssimus, with the feeble, sparse and shallow punctures smaller, sometimes much more distinct toward the ends but never so coarse or irregular as in the preceding; in the male they are notably coarser than in the female, irregularly distributed but sparse; smaller ramus of the larger anterior tarsal claw very slender and much shorter than the larger part of the claw. Length (i cf , 6 9 ) 16.0-19.0 mm.; width 8.4-9.8 mm. Arizona (Huachuca Mts. and other unrecorded parts). [ Chalepus obsoletus Lee.] obsoletus Lee. A — Nearly similar to obsoletus but with the head noticeably smaller, only about half as wide as the prothorax, the clypeal angles more 1 68 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA broadly rounded and the suture more deeply impressed; prothorax rather more transverse and more anteriorly narrowed from some- what behind the middle, the punctures broadly obsolete medially and anteriorly throughout the width, distinct latero-basally but not near the sides; elytra nearly similar and with polished surface and obsolete punctures but still more obtuse at apex; pygidium similar, but with the sparse punctures everywhere notably coarse and conspicuous, though sparse and very fhallowly impressed. Length (9) 16.0 mm.; width 8.5 mm. Arizona (Tucson). A single example *gilanus n. subsp. — Prothorax parallel, with very feebly arcuate sides, which become more rapidly arcuate and converging well before the middle. Color black, the legs dark piceo-rufous; lustre highly polished; head much more than half as wide as the prothorax, with shallow, moderate, very sparse punctures; clypeus transverse and strongly trapezoidal, the oblique sides barely at all arcuate, the obtuse angles distinct, not more than blunt; apex deeply sinuato-truncate, the oblique lower frontal part densely and finely punctate; edges sharply and equally reflexed; surface sloping toward the sides, the sparse ruguliform lines studded with minute projections; suture not clearly defined except at the sides; antennal club small; mentum smooth, convex anteriorly; prothorax only about three-fifths wider than long, convex, the punctures everywhere remote, minute, a little stronger toward the sides; scutellum with some very minute punctulation, broadly smooth peripherally; elytra ( 9 ) about a fourth longer than wide, less than two and one-half times as long as the prothorax, broadly, circularly rounded at apex, a fourth wider than the prothorax, the broadly arcuate sides a little more prominent just behind the middle, the lateral bead thick, thin posteriorly and wholly obsolete around the apex ; punctures small, deep, simple, sparse, with four double series separated by nearly flat surfaces, the outermost series feeble, the punctures of the second and fifth interspaces broadly confused, those of the third and fourth in very irregular double series; pygidium with deep rounded and not very coarse, rather sparse and evenly distributed punctures; abdominal series lateral and rather confused. Length (9 ) 18.5 mm.; width 9.5 mm. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), *obsidianus n. sp. Prothorax slightly narrowed from base to apex and with evenly and dis- tinctly rounded sides throughout 8 8 — Body (cf) oblong in form, convex, shining, deep black, the legs and under surface barely visibly paler; head somewhat more than half as wide as the prothorax, with rather distinct but feebly impressed punctures, smooth at base; clypeus nearly as in the preceding, the edges sharply reflexed except near the base, the apex sinuato- truncate, the angles moderately rounded, the interlacing and rather sparse wavy rugulosity simple; prothorax nearly three-fourths wider than long, the sparse punctures everywhere distinct; scutellum smooth, obtusely ogival; elytra parallel, with evenly and very moder- ately arcuate sides, distinctly longer than wide, abruptly very obtuse at apex and only a little wider than the prothorax, widest at the DYNASTIN^E 169 middle; punctures not coarse, shallow, annular, simple and deeper suturally, the four double series separated by flat intervals, all dis- tinct, broadly confused elsewhere but not at all close-set; pygidial punctures rather coarse, deep, closer basally than apically; hind tarsi very short, about two-thirds as long as the tibiae. Length (cf) 17.0-19.8 mm.; width 8.6-10.8 mm. Kansas (Hamilton Co. and Fort Dodge) and Colorado. Six examples puncticauda Csy. Body (cf ) much smaller, a little more inflated posteriorly, similar in coloration and nearly as shining, the legs barely less than black; head and clypeus nearly similar; prothorax much shorter, very nearly twice as wide as long, the sides rather more strongly rounded; punctures not quite so sparse and larger, being subequal to those of the head, whereas in the preceding they are very much smaller, except toward the sides; scutellum smaller, much more acute and triangular, having a few distinct though not coarse punctures; elytra slightly elongate, relatively wider, being fully a fifth wider than the prothorax, less obtusely rounded at apex, the surface less polished, perfectly even throughout, the punctures similarly annulate and very moderate in size, rather less sparse, the four double series and the sutural more impressed series similar; coarse punctures of the pygidium rather less sparse; hind tarsi more slender, about three-fourths as long as the tibiae; larger claw of the anterior tarsi only moderately broad, the inner ramus slender, gradually acuminate and extending as far as the tip of the larger ramus, prolonged in line with the claw margin, the larger ramus obliquely pointed, causing a marked divergence of the two rami; in puncti- cauda the larger claw is larger and very much broader, the small ramus very slender and much shorter than the larger ramus, which is more obtusely pointed, with its inner outline more rounded, so that the sinus separating the two rami is smaller and narrower; in both species the slender ramus is in direct prolongation of the edge of the claw and does not diverge in direction. Length (cf ) 15.0 mm.; width 7.8 mm. Mexico. [Dyscinetus picipes Bates nee Btirm.j *ebeninus n. sp. 9 — Elytral punctures small but deep, simple, not annuliform; pygidium only partially scabriculate. Body stout, oblong, rather convex, shining, deep black, the under surface and legs only just visibly less than black; head well developed, distinctly more than half as wide as the prothorax, finely, sparsely punctate; clypeus strongly trans- verse, trapezoidal, the sides less oblique and more arcuate, the apex more broadly and more feebly sinuato-truncate, the angles much more broadly rounded and the margins all much thicker and less elevated than in the preceding section of the genus; surface similarly declivous antero-laterad, but almost completely sculptureless, a few small punctures distinct near the fine suture, but elsewhere they are extremely minute; antennae dark rufous; prothorax very nearly twice as wide as long, the sides strongly, evenly arcuate, only very slightly converging from the broadly rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures everywhere sparse, small but distinct medially, rather strong and deep toward the sides; scutellum acutely ogival, i yo MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA perfectly sculptureless; elytra large, nearly a fourth longer than wide, with arcuate sides, widest slightly behind the middle and fully a fourth wider than the prothorax, very obtuse at apex; three discal geminate series of small close-set punctures feebly impressed, the included surfaces feebly convex, the lateral geminate series less denned, of finer and sparser, feebler punctures; flat interspaces with sparse and confused punctures, which do not approach closely to the geminate series; pygidium (cf ) finely, densely scabriculate in basal, polished and with coarse sparse punctures in apical, half, everywhere with minute sparse erect hairs; hind tarsi distinctly shorter than the tibiae: anterior tarsi with the claw-joint scarcely at all dilated, slender and but feebly sinuate beneath, the larger claw smaller than usual, extremely bent near the base, the smaller ramus not very fine, a little shorter than the larger, which is symmetrically and axially pointed at apex. Length (cf ) 19.8 mm.; width 10.4 mm. Nicaragua (Castillo) *obtusus n. sp. Elytral punctures generally not so small but shallow and annulate, the annuli open behind; anterior claw-joint of the male dilated and strongly bent as usual and in part densely strigilate beneath like the soles of the third and fourth joints, the larger claw more de- veloped and less abruptly bent near the base, these tarsal characters merely surmised in the case of bitumorosiis, the type of which is a female 10 10 — Form oblong-oval, rather stout, moderately shining, deep black, the under surface and legs barely less black; head scarcely more than half as wide as the prothorax, subsimilar throughout sexually, rather strongly but not closely punctate, sometimes less so along the median line; clypeus trapezoidal, with feebly sinu- ato-truncate apex and thick, feebly elevated, interiorly sharp margins, very variably punctate, sometimes rather strongly but never closely throughout, occasionally almost completely im- punctate, excepting a few fine punctures basally; prothorax three- fourths to four-fifths wider than long, the sides broadly and moder- ately rounded and feebly converging from the moderately rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures sparse but generally rather strong and deep throughout; scutellum ogival, smooth; elytra about a fourth longer than wide though varying in width, only very little wider than the prothorax, the apex broadly rounded but not very obtuse; sides (cf ) feebly arcuate and even, the greatest width some- what behind the middle, or ( 9 ) distinctly and arcuately prominent a little behind the middle; on each, four smooth and feebly convex costules are inclosed by feebly impressed series of extremely close-set punctures, the interspaces with sparse confused punctures of the same kind, generally a little stronger near the suture; pygidium (cf ) opaque and extremely densely, finely and evenly scabriculate throughout, or ( 9 ) similar but with two feeble subapical elevations, on which the sculpture becomes very irregularly and intricately smooth; hind tarsi not quite as long as the tibiae, not differing much sexually. Length (12 cf , 29 9 ) 13.5-18.5 mm.; width 7.0-10.0 mm. Long Island to the Carolinas and westward to Louisiana, Oklahoma DYNASTIN.E 171 and Iowa. Very abundant and variable in size. [ Chalepus trachypygus Burm.] trachypygus Burm. A — Similar but rather more elongate, the elytra of the female very much less prominent at the sides submedially and with the punc- tures limiting the costules widely separated in the series, the punctures of the intervals also larger and less numerous; pygidium similar, except that the intricate smooth area extends throughout the apical part medially. Length (9) 14.7 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Pennsylvania discedens n. subsp. Form much narrower, more elongate and more oval than in trachypygus, the surface rather more convex and more highly polished, somewhat pitchy-black; head distinctly more than half as wide a? the prothorax, strongly, sparsely punctate, the clypeus nearly similar but a little shorter and still more declivous antero-laterad, the suture obliterated or lost in some confused punctuation medially; prothorax shorter and narrower, the sides more converging from base to apex and more strongly arcuate, the basal angles similar; sparse punctures even coarser and deeper, conspicuous; scutellum very acutely ogival; elytra more elongate, a third longer than wide, circularly rounded behind, fully a fourth wider than the prothorax, the sides as in the preceding species, the sculpture nearly similar but with the surface much more polished; pygidium similar and likewise with excessively minute, sparse and erect hairs; anterior tarsi of the male with the claw-joint slightly less inflated. Length (d1) 14.5 mm.; width 7.3 mm. New York borealis n. sp. Form nearly as in trachypygus but rather more elongate, with more de- veloped head and larger, more prominent eyes; head much more than half as wide as the prothorax, with rather strong sparse punctures throughout; clypeus nearly similar but somewhat impressed trans- versely at base; prothorax scarcely three-fourths wider than long, the sides evenly and moderately converging and feebly, evenly arcuate from the rather broadly rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures everywhere uniform and rather coarse and deep, well separated; scutellum ogival, almost punctureless; elytra about a fifth longer than wide and fully a fourth wider than the prothorax, cir- cularly rounded behind, the sides distinctly more arcuate and prominent very near the middle; sculpture as in trachypygus but with the punctures smaller and relatively still sparser, those of the series bounding the very feebly convex costules similarly extremely close-set; pygidium very densely and finely scabriculate and opaque throughout, having near the apex two widely separated tumors, which are irregularly and intricately smooth nearly as in trachypygus but much less extendedly, the tumors more abruptly formed than in that species. Length (9) 19.0 mm.; width 9.8 mm. Guatemala (Toyahaj) *bitumorosus n. sp. II — Prosternal process dilated, oval and flattened at apex: that is, of the usual form in the genus. Body oblong, strongly convex, moderately shining, black throughout; head short, the eyes small, the front with fine, transversely interlacing rugulae; clypeus very short, unusually declivous antero-laterad, smooth and sculptureless, biobliquely, 172 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA medio-interruptedly ridged at base, the very oblique sides merging gradually through broadly rounded angles into the broadly and evenly arcuate apex, the margins finely, feebly and very moderately elevated throughout; suture obliterated; antennal club small; men- turn setose; prothorax barely one-half wider than long, subpar- allel and but slightly narrowed apically, the sides evenly and rather strongly arcuate; basal angles only moderately rounded; punctures distinct though not coarse, deep, remotely scattered; scutellum broadly ogival, with a few fine punctures basally; elytra only a little longer than wide, less than twice as long as the prothorax and not wider, circularly rounded behind in nearly apical half, the sides not modified in the female; surface with three rather coarsely impressed and closely punctured double series of punctures and a feeble external double series, the three costules very feebly convex; punctures of the intervals confused suturally and more broadly externally but very irregularly uniseriate medially, the punctures throughout small, shallow and completely annular, not open behind; pygidium smooth, finely, sparsely punctate, rather closely and finely scabriculate basally and more completely laterad; last ventral (9 ) with a broad polished margin throughout. Length (9 ) H-3 mm.; width 6.3 mm. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) *parvus n. sp. Prosternal process slender, gradually acuminate and laterally compressed apically. Body black, with the legs dark piceo-rufous to dark rufo- piceous throughout, highly polished, more elongate and cylindric than the preceding, strongly convex; head not so short or broad, the eyes a little larger; front coarsely rugose, finely, sparsely punctate at base; clypeus differing greatly, short, strongly trapezoidal and flat, coarsely and transversely rugose, the very oblique sides straight, the apex perfectly straight, meeting the sides in very obtuse but not at all rounded angles, the edges throughout thinly and sharply elevated; base with a rather sharply elevated, transverse, medially interrupted ridge, the fine suture behind the ridge evident; prothorax much shorter, nearly two-thirds wider than long and much less than half as long as the elytra, the sides evidently converging and feebly, evenly arcuate from the broadly rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures sparse but rather strong; base similarly broadly and feebly sinuate at each side of the feeble median lobe; scutellum triangular, virtually smooth; elytra fully a fourth longer than wide, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, parallel, barely wider than the prothorax; punctures rather deeply impressed, relatively coarse, elliptic-annular, narrowly open behind, the punctures of the geminate series so close as often to be separated by broad transverse septa, forming a rather rugulose surface, the general punctures confused, the costules nearly flat; pygidium shining, with coarse deep close-set punctures throughout; hind tarsi slender, much shorter than the tibiae. Length (9) 10.8-11.7 mm.; width 5.9-6.3 mm. Brazil (Para), — Baker. Six examples, all females. *parensis n. sp. Obsidiamis, as described above, is a species allied to rugifrons DYNASTIN/E 173 Burm., but it has the anterior clypeal margin evenly sinuate and very evenly, moderately reflexed throughout the width ; the thoracic punctures are evidently finer and the lustre more shining; finally, the punctures of the pygidium are very even and evenly distributed throughout. Ebeninus is probably the species identified as the West Indian picipes Burm., by Mr. Bates, but Burmeister states of picipes "vordere erhabene Rand des Kopfschildes in der Mitte leicht ausgebuchtet, zweizackig"; there is no suggestion of any such conformation in the type of ebeninus and, besides, it seems to represent a smaller species than picipes- — 16-18 mm. — and with much darker, in fact virtually black, legs. Obtusus is evidently allied to frater Bates, but the author states that the anterior claw- joint of the male in that species is robust, deeply sinuate beneath and with the larger claw very wide, no one of which characters will suit the male type of obtusus; the locality of frater, Vera Cruz, is also rather different zoologically. It is to be regretted that the type of discedens, defined above, is unique, for it may be possible that the peculiar sculpture described above is a malformation; it is for this reason that in venturing to define the form, I have thought it prudent to give it no higher than a varietal status provisionally. The above described type of parvus was sent to me under the name bidentatus Burm., but though apparently allied to that species, it differs in the form of the anterior margin of the clypeus; besides this, the elytral punctures of bidentatus are said by Bur- meister to be " Bogenstrichen die hinten offen sind," and further that the margin above the hind coxae is "schwielig verdicht"; there is no trace of this in parvus. These small species, such as parvus and parensis, are not only abnormal Dyscinetids but are greatly diversified structurally among themselves; the presence of the male, which seems to be rare, would doubtless demonstrate a number of isolated structures of more or less subgeneric nature; the form of the prosternal projection of parensis is alone so peculiar as to indicate a different subgenus, or perhaps more justly genus, and the clypeus differs greatly from that of parvus. The entire Dyscinetid group is in need of thorough revision; only a small proportion of the species have been described. 174 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Group II. Subgenus Palechus nov. While the general habitus of the body is almost exactly as in the preceding group, the anterior claws and. claw-joint of the male are of an absolutely different form; so radical is this peculiarity, that I can see no other appropriate course than to suggest for Dyscinetus Icevipunctatus Bates and dubius Oliv., a distinct sub- genus. There are, however, a few other apparent structural differences, such as the longer hind tarsi, these being always shorter than the tibiae in Dyscinetus and fully as long as the tibiae or longer here, also the much less convex male pygidium. Not having seen either of the species just mentioned, I would prefer to regard the following as the type of the subgenus: Body elongate-oval, only moderately convex, very shining and deep black, the legs and entire under surface, excepting the abdomen, piceo- rufous; head distinctly more than half as wide as the prothorax, strongly but not densely punctate, sparsely and less strongly toward base; clypeus trapezoidal, barely twice as wide as long, with feebly arcuate oblique sides, broadly and subangularly sinuate apex and rounded angles, smooth, with sparse distinct and irregu- larly distributed punctures, the surface moderately declivous antero- laterad; margins with very thick, moderately elevated, internally sharply-edged beading, not different at apex; suture extremely fine, entire; ligula very broadly truncate; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, the sides feebly convergent from base to apex and evenly, rather strongly arcuate; punctures not coarse but strong, deep and very sparse throughout; scutellum triangular, perfectly smooth; elytra two-fifths longer than wide, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths, the sides parallel and arcuate at the middle, distinctly wider than the prothorax; punctures small, very shallow, annular, broadly open behind, very close-set in the series bounding the four flat costular intervals, and also in the subsutural series, elsewhere sparsely scattered; pygidium very densely scabriculate and opaque, with irregularly ramifying smooth areas in about apical half, not at all bitumorose, the entire surface having extremely minute coarse, sparse and erect shining hairs. Male with the anterior tarsi very slender and filiform throughout, the last joint not at all swollen or modified beneath, the claws small, the inner broadly forked nearly to the middle; hind tarsi as long as the tibia?. Length (cf) 18.8 mm.; width 9.4 mm. Amazon Valley *histrio n. sp. Differs from dubius, from Cayenne, in its much flatter elytral costules, these being in fact not at all different from the other intervals in convexity; the minute pubescence of the pygidium DYNASTIKLE 175 doubtless exists in the male of both l&vipunctatus, of the Mexican fauna, and dtibius, but was not mentioned by Mr. Bates. Parachalepus n. gen. I would suggest a distinct genus under the above name for certain Dyscinetids, which are notably aberrant in pygidial structure, the pygidium proper being rigidly united with the propygidium. There are also two subgeneric groups here as follows: Pygidium almost of the usual length and densely hairy Group I Pygidium very short, glabrous, forming scarcely more than a broad polished margin of the propygidium; head more developed. . Group II Species of both these groups seem to be much less numerous than those of Dyscinetus. Group I. Subgenus Parachalepus in sp. This group comprises barbatus Fabr., hydrophiloides and luridus of Burmeister, and the following: Form broadly elongate-oval, moderately convex, strongly shining, deep black throughout, the legs not paler, the lustre sometimes slightly greenish, especially in the male; head barely more than half as wide as the prothorax, sparsely and extremely minutely punctulate, the clypeus similarly and only a little more distinctly punctate, feebly trapezoidal, twice as wide as long, the apex broadly sinuato-truncate, with broadly rounded angles; entire edge margined with a broad but feebly elevated bead, which, along the sides basally, flares out- ward, becoming the crest of the anterior canthus of the eyes; suture entire, very fine, feebly sinuate medially; prothorax three-fourths or more wider than long, the sides slightly converging, evenly and rather strongly arcuate, from the well rounded basal angles to the acute apices; punctures sparse and very minute, becoming more distinct laterally; scutellum sharply triangular, almost perfectly smooth; elytra much wider than the prothorax, with very fine, sparse, shallow, posteriorly open annular punctures, the double series evident but not conspicuous, the entire surface smooth and even; apex obliquely arcuately narrowed behind the middle to the unusually narrowly rounded apex; side? broadly arcuate, strongly arcuate and distinctly explanate and thickened medially in the female, giving a rhomboidal aspect to the body; pygidia almost completely covered by the elytra, the hairs of the propygidium very long, 'yellow, those of the pygidium short, dense, the sculpture and pubescence ending not very abruptly at a narrow glabrous shining margin; hind tarsi slender, as long as the tibiae (cf ) or shorter (9 ). Length ((^9) 19.8-20.5 mm.; width 10.0-11.2 mm. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) *rhomboidalis n. sp. 176 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA From hydrophiloides Burm., this species differs decisively in many directions, for in hydrophiloides the color is clear brown, with darker head, the front near each eye having a cluster of punctures and the length as published is only 16 mm., all of which characters are widely at variance with rhomboidalis. From the West Indian barbatus, it differs in having the legs perfectly uni- colorous, not with the femora rufescent, as stated by Burmeister of barbatus. Mr. Bates suggests that hydrophiloides and barbatus are the same species, but I feel confident that this opinion is the result of a misconception. In the male of rhomboidalis the claw-joint of the anterior tarsi is large and swollen as in Dyscinetus, but the larger claw is different; it is well developed and abruptly bent near the base, but it is not at all split at apex, but arcuately and somewhat obliquely obtusely pointed; its flattened under surface is feebly bicarinulate and, near the apex on the inner side-margin, there is a small obtuse tooth projecting downward, not visible from the upper surface of the claw. Group II. Subgenus Chalepides nov. Besides alliaceus and fuliginosus, of Burmeister, this subgenus will include the following, which may be regarded as the type: Body elongate, subparallel, strongly convex, very smooth and shining, dark castaneous in color, the legs slightly more rufous, the elytra paler brownish-yellow throughout; head notably large, fully two- thirds as wide as the prothorax, the eyes moderate though rather convex; front with rather small but distinct, somewhat close-set punctures, finer and sparse basally; front and basal part of the clypeus flattened, the clypeus with close-set, shallow, arcuate punc- tures throughout, trapezoidal, more than twice as wide as long, broadly sinuato-truncate at apex, with broadly rounded angles; edges evenly and moderately but rather sharply elevated internally; surface strongly declivous toward the angles; suture fine, entire, dis- tinctly sinuate medially; mentum glabrous, setose only along the sides; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, subparallel, with evenly and rather strongly rounded sides, the basal angles only moderately rounded; base nearly transverse, feebly sinuate in the usual position near each side; apical bead entire; punctures sparse, fine but distinct, becoming more conspicuous laterad; scutellum smooth, sharply triangular; elytra (9 ) but little less than one-half longer than wide, slightly wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, the sides parallel and broadly, evenly DYNASTIISLE 177 arcuate, the edge broadly thickened at the middle but barely at all more prominent laterally; punctures very small, shallow, very sparse and inconspicuous, each a minute closed ring; the four double series are evident but not at all conspicuous, the punctures in their com- pletely unimpressed bounding series widely spaced, the inclosed areas perfectly flat and similar to the rest of the surface; pygidium glabrous and smooth, broadly angulate at apex and more obtusely, angularly sinuate anteriorly; propygidium covered by the elytra; tarsi slender, much shorter than the tibiae. Length (9) 20.0 mm.; width 9.7 mm. Brazil (Esp. Santo) *eucephalus n. sp. Differs from alliaceus in the apparently finer elytral punctures, having the form of minute closed circles, and less abbreviated pygidium, also in its bicolored upper surface, the elytra not being paler in that species; from fuliginosus it differs in the much finer punctures throughout the upper surface and in the flat costular intervals. Stenocrates Burm. My collection contains at present only two species of this distinct South American genus, laborator Fabr., and cultor Burm. Steno- crates seems to include but few species, which are distinguishable among themselves by strongly differentiated sculptural features; in laborator, for example, the pronotum is not at all punctured except toward the sides, where the punctures are strong and con- spicuous; in cultor, they are uniformly distributed and strong throughout; in both, the side margins are very thick and convex, but especially so in laborator, which is said by Mr. Bates to occur also in Mexico. Tribe PENTODONTINI. LeConte, following Lacordaire, makes of this division of the Dynastinse a simple group of the Oryctini, and, in many features of general structure as well as formation of the tarsi, there is un- deniably a close inter-relationship, but, because of the almost complete absence of sexual modifications of the head and pronotum, I would prefer to consider the Pentodontids as a tribe distinct from the Oryctini, as held by Bates and others. That the Pentodontini, in spite of their Oryctid affinities, occupy an intermediate position in the series, is shown by the fact that in several of the genera, the anterior tarsi of the male are modified exactly as in the Cyclo- cephalini, and some of the species of Ligyrodes, such as ebenus, T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 178 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA resemble some Cyclocephalids in general habitus and in the more nearly filiform tarsi. At the other end of the series Bothynus and Anastrategus lead directly to the Oryctini in habitus and general structural characters. The Cheiroplatids are so aberrant in many ways, that the propriety of erecting for them a distinct tribe is not wholly questionable, but it would be almost as difficult to place such a tribe in harmonious succession with the others as in the case of Oryctomorpha. The known American genera may be arranged as follows: Propygidium moderate in size, the pygidium sometimes greatly developed, generally having its upper margin arcuate, at least in the female. .2 Propygidium large, sinuating the base of the pygidium; anterior tarsal claws variable 12 2 — Anterior tarsi (cf ) with swollen claw-joint, the anterior claw broad, abruptly bent at base and variously modified at tip; body oblong, convex, moderately large in size; mandibles distinctly exposed and externally tridentate or bidentate; stridulating organs as in Ligyrus. [Type Scarabccus relictus Say] Ligyrodes Anterior tarsi slender and with simple claws in both sexes 3 3 — Pygidium simple in both sexes 4 Pygidium (9) transversely tumid at or above the middle; mandibles well exposed at the sides; clypeus narrowly rounded or subprominent at tip; body of rather large size 1 1 4 — Mandibles distinctly exposed externally, usually tridentate; clypeus reflexed at the extreme apex 5 Mandibles hidden, small; clypeus reflexed behind the apex 8 5 — Clypeus bidentate at apex 6 Clypeus unidentate at apex 7 6 — Ligula with sharply elevated side margins; mandibles bidentate; stridulating organs feebly developed. [Type Heteronychus humilis Burm.] Euetheola Ligula simple not margined at the sides; stridulating organs well de- veloped. [Type Scarabceus gibbosus DeG. (Podalgus variolosus Burm.)] Ligyrus 7 — Body nearly as in Ligyrus, except that the pronotal impression is relatively larger and deeper. [Type Ligyrus ruginasus Lee.] Oxygrylius 8 — Pronotum without an anterior impression in either sex; stridulating organs wanting 9 Pronotum with an anterior impression (cf), wholly wanting (9 )• • • • 10 9 — Post-apical transverse carina of the clypeus entire. [Type Bothynus pyriformis Lee.] Pseudaphonus Post-apical carina tridentate. [Type Scarabceus tridentatus Say] Aphonus 10 — Post-apical elevation medially sinuate to transverse; body more cylindric than in the two preceding genera, at least in the male, though not always in the female. [Type 0. cuUripes Fairm.] Orizabus DYNASTIN/E 179 ri — Mandibles entire and rounded externally; pronotum without im- pression in either sex; pygidium arcuate at base in both sexes, very large and convex (cf), much shorter, broader and transversely tumid at the middle (9). [Type A. dunnianus Riv.] (Aphonides Riv.) Anoplognatho Mandibles variably tridentate externally; pronotum with a rather large anterior impression in both sexes; pygidium (c?1) transverse, moder- ately convex and simple, its upper margin feebly sinuato-truncate, or (9) larger, arcuate at base and transversely tumid above the middle. [Type Strategus cessus Lee.] Anastrategus 12 — Body oblong, more depressed as a rule; mandibles strongly and acutely tridentate externally; propygidium very large, more or less strongly sinuating the upper margin of the pygidium, which is never transversely tumid in the female; larger anterior tarsal claw (cf) simple or diversely toothed; stridulating organs well developed, rather more so than in Anastrategus. [Type Corynoscelis quadridens Tasch.] '. *Bothynus As Bothynus Hope, is represented only by neotropical species and as only quadridens, of those in my collection, is certainly identified, I omit any further reference to that genus, except to state that the female of a species labeled cnnctator Mann., at hand, bears so close a resemblance in general habitus to Strategus cessus Lee., that there can be no further doubt of the propriety of erecting a distinct genus for cessus and splendens to be placed in this tribe rather than in the Oryctini. Ligyrodes n. gen. The species of this genus have hitherto been regarded as a section of Ligyrus and most of the structural characters, including the organs of stridulation, accord very well, but the sexual modifica- tion of the anterior tarsi in the male, an important character in itself, betraying a closer affinity with the Cyclocephalini, is supple- mented by others, such as the transverse slit-like anterior abdominal spiracles, nude apex of the post-coxal prosternal process and very different general habitus of the body, so that the necessity for generic separation from Ligyrus seems abundantly demonstrable. In Euetheola, Ligyrus gibbosus and others of that type, the ab- dominal spiracles on the inner slope of the lateral margins of the first three segments, are broadly oval but only slightly transverse. The stridulating area on the inner surface of the elytra is more coarsely sculptured than in Ligyrus and consists of minute granules forming close-set series. In Ligyrus gibbosus the granules are similar i8o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA but smaller and still more close-set. In Euetheola rugiceps Lee., there are no granules, but the corresponding surface has a system of close-set and excessively minute points, so minute in fact that I cannot surely determine whether they are raised points or punctula- tion ; at any rate, they scarcely have a sound producing function. In Ligyrodes the mentum is convex, gradually depressed basally, setose only along the sides and the ligula is broad and broadly truncate; the median tooth of the mandibles in typical Ligyrodes is larger and longer than the two lateral and is generally somewhat obliquely truncate. There are two subgeneric groups as follows: Mandibles tridentate externally; head moderately small, with a trans- verse, medially interrupted ridge; clypeus more or less narrow at apex; sterna punctate and pubescent; pronotum never indented. Group I Mandibles bidentate at tip, more slender; head much larger, with two widely separated tubercles, the apex of the clypeus broadly truncate, the two teeth remotely separated; sterna glabrous and almost im- punctate; pronotum with a minute apical tubercle in front of a small oval indentation Group II I am not at all certain that some of the general characters stated above, particularly those relating to the spiracles and stridulating organs of the typical Ligyrodes relictus type, apply to the large tropical forms placed in the second group, my material being too scanty for investigation : Group I. Subgenus Ligyrodes in sp. This subgenus is represented by a moderate number of species, some of which are abundant individually in the subarctic parts of North America, excepting the Pacific regions, and extending south- ward along the interior table lands to or beyond the City of Mexico. It is therefore essentially a subarctic group and is much more cir- cumscribed in habitat than Ligyrus, or even Euetheola. The apex of the post-coxal prosternal process has a flattened and explanate, densely ciliate part and a bulbous nude anterior part, a formation frequently observable in the Cyclocephalini. The various taxo- nomic forms are rather well differentiated and most of those announced below are probably true species, though some may ultimately find a place as subspecies: DYNASTIN^E 181 Apical angles of the clypeus rounded 2 Apical angles more than right but very distinct, not rounded 9 2 — Clypeal teeth approximate 3 Clypeal teeth rather widely separated 8 3 — Teeth of the clypeal apex extremely approximate and in the form of low rounded ridges. Body shorter and less convex than in relictus, shining, black, with a feeble piceous tinge above, the under surface and legs castaneo-rufous; head slightly more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, shallowly and coarsely scabrous, the medially interrupted transverse ridge acutely elevated, extending to the sides, its anterior slope with small discrete punctures; clypeus gradually strongly upturned apically, trapezoidal, its finely elevated side margins higher basally; mentum finely scabriculate throughout; prothorax one-half wider than long, convex, the sides parallel, be- coming rounded and convergent in rather less than apical half, the basal angles broadly rounded; base margined at the sides; punctures sparse but rather strong throughout, not differing at all laterad; scutellum ogival, with a few discal punctures in two clusters; elytra but very little longer than wide, rather conspicuously inflated in about posterior two-thirds, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, fully a fifth wider than the prothorax, the punctures sparse, rather coarse but shallow, annulate, those in the four sets of geminate striae more close-set, these striae evidently impressed, elsewhere confused, mingled with very fine sparse punctules, especially toward the sides; pygidium convex, finely scabriculate, becoming smooth and sparsely, rather strongly punctate medially except toward base; larger claw of the anterior male tarsi not long, stout, bent medially at more than a right angle, the external outline evenly arcuate to the apex, which is on the straight inner margin but not at all produced, the claw-joint scarcely one-half longer than the fourth; anterior tibiae with a rudi- mentary fourth tooth. Length (cf) 19.0 mm.; width 10.6 mm. New Jersey clypealis n. sp. Teeth of the clypeal apex clearly separated and acutely triangular. . . .4 4 — Head very small, scarcely more than a third as wide as the prothorax. Body elongate, parallel and subcylindric, not wider posteriorly, deep polished black, the under surface and legs blackish-piceous; head scabriculate, smooth and impunctate basally, the clypeus trapezoidal, concave, with coarse isolated rugulosity, finely and closely punctate on the anterior slope of the transverse ridges, which are strong and subtuberculiform internally, gradually evanescent externally; sides feebly sinuate except basally; apex strongly reflexed, the teeth high, large and well developed; prothorax fully two-thirds wider than long, the sides evenly and strongly arcuate throughout, gradually con- verging apically, the basal angles more than right but not very broadly rounded: base beaded only about the hind angles; lateral bead thick, the inner gutter scabriculate; punctures as in the pre- ceding but still stronger; scutellum moderate, with only two or three punctures; elytra long, nearly a third longer than wide, two and one-half times as long as the prothorax and not wider, parallel, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths; sculpture nearly as in the 1 82 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA preceding, the geminate series less impressed and less closely punc- tate, the punctures all very shallow and annular; pygidium very convex, nearly as in clypealis; anterior tibiae with the fourth tooth very obtuse and feeble but sharply defined by a very small deep notch; larger claw of the male with the apex produced in a short but slender aciculate styliform process, in extension of the straight inner margin, the outer margin broadly arcuate and gradually converging to the base of the stylet. Length (cf ) iS.o mm.; width 9.4 mm. Iowa (Keokuk) parviceps n. sp. Head much less small in size and only slightly more or less than t\\'o- fifths as wide as the prothorax 5 5 — Elytra short, barely at all longer than wide 6 Elytra distinctly elongate, not differing much sexually 7 6 — Body short, oblong, broader than in the preceding and only barely visibly inflated posteriorly, black to paler, shining; under surface castaneous, the legs blackish-piceous; head barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, in form and sculpture nearly as in relictus Say, the two transverse prominences sloping almost similarly to the rather shorter and more concave clypeus, the oblique sides of which are more sinuate, the apex rather more obtuse, the teeth erect and tri- angular but often worn down and broadly obtuse; prothorax three- fifths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded, strongly converging apically, becoming parallel basally; lateral bead rather thin; punc- tures sparse, very much as in the preceding; scutellum with minute scattered punctures centrally; elytra barely sensibly longer than wide, a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax, broadly rounded in about apical third; punctures sparse, shallow and annular, arranged as in the preceding species; pygidium densely scabriculate, becoming polished and with discrete, well separated but unevenly distributed punctures in nearly median third; fourth tooth of the anterior tibiae obtusely rounded but distinct, the larger claw of the male as in relictus. Length (cf 9 ) 18.4-19.0 mm.; widthio. 4-11.0 mm. Texas, Louisiana and Illinois quadripennis n. sp. 7 — Form subcylindric-oval, convex, rather stout, deep black and polished, the under surface and legs rather dark castaneous; head barely two- fifths as wide as the prothorax, closely, rather sharply rugulose, smooth at base, the transverse interrupted ridge low but attaining the sides, the anterior slopes finely and clearly punctate; trapezoidal clypeus with the sides feebly sinuate, the apical teeth acute and sharply upturned; last antennal joint (cf ) three-fourths as long as the stem; mentum smooth and polished anteriorly; prothorax slightly more than one-half wider than long, in form nearly as in the pre- ceding species, the sparse punctures distinct, moderately coarse; scutellum ogival, wider than long, with a few distinct scattered punctures; elytra a fourth or fifth longer than wide, barely at all wider than the prothorax in either sex and only very feebly inflated posteriorly, broadly rounded at apex; sculpture as in the preceding species; pygidium (cf ) nearly as in quadripennis; in the female it is similar and equally convex but becomes scabriculate only nearer the sides and there more coarsely and less densely; DYNASTIN/E 183 fourth anterior tibial tooth small and obtuse but obvious in both sexes, the larger claw of the male as in the preceding species, the apical stylet generally longer, more abruptly formed and conspicuous. Length (cf 9 ) 16.0-22.0 mm.; width 8.7-12.2 mm. Rhode Island to Iowa. Common. Thirty-six examples. [Scarabaus relictus Sa>]. relictus Say A — Form nearly as in relictus but more elongate; head larger, the eyes distinctly larger and more prominent, separated by less than three times their width, while in the female of relictus the eyes are separated by more than three and one-half times their width; prothorax somewhat similar in form but less narrowed apically and differing in the very minute punctures, remotely scattered over the more highly polished surface; elytra slightly more elongate but otherwise nearly similar throughout; pygidium nearly similar but with the rugulosity deeper and more punctiform; hind tibiae rather less broad. Length (9) 22.7 mm.; width ir.6 mm. Iowa (Keokuk). A single example vernicicollis n. subsp. Form narrower, more elongate, subcylindric-oval, convex, polished, piceous-black, the under surface and legs rather bright brownish- rufous; head similar but not quite so large and with the diffuse wavy rugulosity feebler, the basal regions similarly smooth; segments of the interrupted ridge decidedly tuberculiform internally, gradu- ally diminishing externally and not quite attaining the sides; punc- tures of their anterior slopes excessively minute and sparse; concave clypeus trapezoidal, with the sides unusually sinuate, the apical teeth acute but small and only moderately upturned, rather less approximate than in relictus but much closer than in sallei; prothorax three-fifths wider than long, the sides moderately converging and distinctly arcuate from the broadly rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures as in relictus; scutellum not so large or broad, smooth, with fine punctulation only at base; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, not distinctly (c?) or nearly a fourth (9 ) wider than the prothorax, slightly inflated apically in the female, broadly rounded at apex; punctures not close, arranged as in the preceding species, each of the rather large impressed punctures inclosing an annulus; geminate series much less definite than in relictus; pygidium differing greatly in sculpture, polished, sparsely and strongly punctured throughout, the apical region in both sexes, but especially the female, becoming more finely and very remotely punctulate; fourth tibial tooth very small, feeble and indistinct; larger claw of the male with the apex arcuato-truncate, the minute stylet projecting from its lower limit and in prolongation of the lower margin. Length (cf 9 ) 17.0 mm.; width 9.2-9.75 mm. Mexico (San Angel, near the city), — Wickham : *propinquus n. sp. 8 — Form, lustre and coloration throughout as in the preceding but of larger size; head nearly similar but with the median transversely oval concavity of the front deeper and more distinct and with the clypeal teeth separated by two-thirds the distance separating the crests of the frontal elevations, whereas in propinquus this proportion is barely more than one-half; prothorax similar but rather less ab- 1 84 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA breviated, only a little more than one-half wider than long, the basal angles still more broadly rounded, the punctures even sparser, similarly irregular in distribution as is usual; scutellum similar; elytra also similar in form and proportion in both sexes, but with the sparse annular punctures deeper and more perforate and therefore apparently finer, more close-set in the better defined series forming the feeble costules; pygidium similar but more scabriculate along the basal margin in the male but not in the female; anterior tibiae with the fourth tooth distinct though small and similarly with an evident tooth-like prominence between the second and third teeth, which is wanting in relictus and others of that type. Length (cf 9 ) 19.8-20.0 mm.; width 10.6-11.3 mm- Mexico (near the city). [Ligyrus sallcei Bates] *sallei Bates 9 — Body narrower, elongate-oval, strongly convex, shining, blackish- piceous, the elytra, under surface and legs castaneo-rufous, head distinctly more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the eyes relatively much larger and more prominent than in sallei, separated by but little more than twice their width; front with confused arcuate rugulosity, the basal regions smooth; divided ridge forming two ob- tuse transverse tubercles, the outer slopes of which do not attain the sides; trapezoidal clypeus with the sides distinctly sinuate apically and with concave, very feebly and loosely rugulose surface, the apical teeth nearly as well separated as in sallei, the distance of each from the lateral angle half their distance asunder; prothorax longer than in any other species, distinctly less than one-half wider than long, the sides converging and evenly arcuate from the rather distinct and only moderately rounded basal angles to the apex; sculpture as in all the other species; scutellum ogival, rather broad, minutely, sparsely punctulate in about basal half; elytra about a fourth longer than wide, feebly inflated posteriorly and a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in apical two- fifths; sculpture as usual, but the annular punctures are smaller, feebler and much sparser than in any other, the geminate series fine, barely at all impressed and with the punctures well separated; pygidium very convex, with strong sparse punctures in about basal half, the nearly apical half being perfectly smooth; tibiae almost as in sallei, the larger claw of the male not so truncate at tip but obtusely rounded, symmetrically so with regard to the longitudinal axis, the slender aciculate rarnus projecting beyond the tip, in pro- longation of the lower margin; apex of the fourth joint prolonged briefly and very obtusely over the basal part of the fifth and with its surface closely strigilate, a character also observable in sallei and propinquus, as well as relictus and others of that section. Length (c?) 1 8. 2 mm.; width 9.2 mm.- Mexico (Cuernavaca, Morelos),— Wickham *aztecus n. sp. The species sallei, propinquus and aztecus are closely allied among themselves, but the first may be known by the rather larger size and more separated clypeal teeth, and aztecus by its narrower, DYNASTIN.E 185 more oval form, larger and more prominent eyes and less transverse prothorax. There does not appear to be much doubt concerning the status of our more northern species as defined in the table. Group II. Subgenus Euligyrus nov. The species of this division have a distinctly different habitus from those of the preceding subgenus, due to their more oval and rather less convex form, notably large head, with widely separated clypeal teeth, purely tridentate anterior tibiae, presence of an anterior fovea and tubercle on the pronotum and finer elytral sculpture; when, in addition, we consider the bidentate mandibles, which however reappear in Euetheola and the subgenus Eugrylius of Ligyrus, the taxonomic isolation of Euligyrus becomes still more evident. The mentum is smooth, feebly convex, rather broadly truncate at tip and has, along each side, a series of very stiff erect setae. The under surface is completely glabrous and the meta- sternum has only a few widely dispersed punctures toward the sides, becoming closer anteriorly. One of the most radical peculiarities of the subgenus is, however, the structure of the met-episterna, almost the entire inner half being very smooth, sculptureless and more internally sloping, a character not even suggested in Ligyrodes. The apex of the post-coxal prosternal process is large, nearly flat and glabrous, divided, as in Ligyrodes, into a posterior cilia-bearing part and a larger, convex, nude anterior part. The type species is the following: Form broadly oval, shining black, the elytra, under surface and legs with more or less evident piceous tinge, glabrous throughout, excepting the rows of setae on the abdomen and legs; head half as wide as the prothorax, with fine separated wavy rugulosity, smooth at base, the front concave medially, the transversely placed tubercles widely separated, each gradually sloping externally; clypeus trapezoidal, with straight and finely, evenly elevated sides, the apex truncate, with rather rounded angles, each bearing an obtuse erect tooth, and about half as wide as the base; eyes moderate, not prominent, prothorax barely more than one-half wider than long, the sides evenly but moderately converging and evenly, rather strongly arcuate from the well rounded basal angles to the apex and rather finely margined; base broadly sinuate at each side, immarginate through- out; surface convex, more declivous laterally, sparsely, very minutely punctate, less minutely toward the sides; scutellum moderate, 1 86 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA relatively smaller than in relictus, smooth; elytra a fifth longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax, subevenly rounded in not quite apical half, the surface sloping rapidly from the sutural region and nearly flat almost to the sides; punctures small, evenly dis- tributed, rather sparse, confused except in the three discal and one finer lateral double series, which are completely unimpressed; all the punctures consisting of a small indentation, having at the bottom an extremely minute annulus; pygidium with rather small sparse shallow variolate punctures, becoming obsolete apically; larger claw of the anterior male tarsi deeply split at apex, the inner ramus long, gradually acute and in prolongation of the inner margin, the outer lobe shorter and broader, very acute at apex but not so finely acicu- late as the inner. Length (c?1) 23.5-25.0 mm.; width 11.6-13.2 mm. Brazil (Para), — Baker. Three examples. [Scarab&us ebenus DeG., cordatus Fabr. ; Cydocephala scarabceina Perty] *ebenus DeG. The female does not differ from the male in any respect, even in the pygidium, which is merely less convex and feebly impressed beneath near each side, and the elytra are rather more evenly convex and with less of the singular biplanate slope of the male, the anterior tarsi slender and unmodified as usual. The inferior striated lobe of the fourth male anterior tarsal joint is but little longer than in the relictus or sallei types, but is more obliquely pointed. Euetheola Bates. The few species of this genus have the same glabrous under surface as in Ligyrodes, but to show how distinct genera, and this is undoubtedly of that class, may resemble each other in certain apparently peculiar features, it should be said that the characteristic formation of the anterior margin of the clypeus — transverse but posteriorly sinuated at the middle by the interval between the rather approximate teeth, — is almost completely similar to the form seen in Ligyrodes aztecus, described above. The erect post- coxal process of the prosternum is as in Ligyrodes and Euligyrus, except that the glabrous part is nearly flat and occupies the entire surface, the fringe of cilia radiating from its hind margin. The sides of the mentum are irregularly and closely setose as in Ligy- rodes but not in Etdigyrus. The mandibles are rather slender and very unequally bidentate, and the anterior tarsi are unmodified sexually as in Ligyms. The body is much smaller in size than in Ligyrodes and is more oblong than in Ligyrus, and, as before stated, has no well developed stridulating area on the inner surface of the DYNASTIN.E 187 elytra. The anterior tibiae are as in Ligyrodes, generally having an obtuse fourth tooth and sometimes a slight prominence between the second and third teeth. Three species may be described as follows: Second and third alternate intervals of the elytra confusedly punctate like the others 2 Second and third alternate intervals with a more or less distinct single row of coarse punctures 3 2 — Body oblong, stout, evenly and strongly convex, not very shining, deep black, the under surface and legs barely picescent; head a little less than half as wide as the prothorax, with dense and transversely intricate rugulosity, the base smooth but with sparse punctures; eyes small, not prominent; transverse ridge rather fine, broadly di- vided, not attaining the sides; clypeus short, the very oblique sides more strongly margined basally, the apex transverse, much les? than half as wide as the base, with the obtuse angles scarcely at all rounded and evident, the teeth short, obtuse, thin, the separating sinus oblique in plane; prothorax scarcely one-half wider than long, the sides broadly arcuate, narrowed but little anteriorly; basal angles rounded, the side margins finely beaded; base transverse, unmargined, feebly bisinuate; punctures sparse but strong throughout, rather less sparse but scarcely differing otherwise laterad; scutellum rather small, ogival, with a few minute punctures; elytra scarcely longer, or not at all longer, than wide, two-thirds longer than the prothorax and not evidently wider, very obtusely rounded at apex; punctures relatively rather coarse, close-set and everywhere confused, except in the coarse though scarcely impressed double series, where they are very close-set; they are very shallow and annular throughout, except toward the sides and apex in apical half, where they become very fine and confused; pygidium finely, densely punctato-scabricu- late, except medially, where it becomes sparsely punctate, a little shorter, more convex and more broadly rounded at apex in the male but not differing otherwise sexually; tarsi slender, short, the posterior much shorter than the tibiae; last ventral with a broad smooth apical margin in both sexes. Length (d71 9 ) 13.7-14.2 mm.; width 7.5-7.8 mm. Georgia to Texas. Said to infest Indian corn. [Ligyrus rugiceps Lee.] rugiceps Lee. Body smaller and less stout, much more shining, deep black; head similar throughout; prothorax similar but a little shorter, the sides becoming rather less parallel basally, the punctures very remotely scattered and minute medially, less sparse and much more distinct toward the sides; scutellum smooth and punctureless; elytra but little longer than wide, barely wider than the prothorax and more than three- fourths longer, circularly rounded in fully apical two-fifths; punc- tures disposed as in rugiceps but everywhere very much smaller and rather sparser; pygidium finely scabriculate only along the basal margin, thence sparsely and not coarsely punctured to about the middle, becoming densely and confidently so at the extreme sides, 1 88 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA elsewhere smooth and punctureless; slender hind tarsi much shorter than the tibiae. Length (9) 12.6 mm.; width 6.3 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula) *hondurana n. sp. 3 — Form slightly more elongate than in rugiceps but otherwise nearly similar in size and outline; head coarsely rugose, the clypeus reflexed at apex and with two broad teeth; frontal carina feeble, interrupted at the middle; prothorax almost punctureless medially, the punctures more evident at the sides and especially toward the apical angles; elytral striae geminate-punctate, the intervals between the geminate rows extremely finely and sparsely punctate, the subsutural or first alternate interval coarsely and confusedly punctate, the second and third alternate intervals coarsely punctate in more or less distinct single series, especially in basal half; pygidium rugosely punctured near the base, more sparsely toward apex; anterior tibiae tridentate, without incisure above the upper tooth; tarsal claws simple in both sexes. Length 15 mm. Arizona (Nogales). [Ligyrus snbglaber Schf.] subglabra Schf. As tending to show the comparative unimportance of what, in some parts of the Coleoptera, would be rather radical taxonomic mandibular characters, it should be said that in rugiceps the rather slender, apically upturned mandible is simply prominently and obtusely swollen, punctured and setose externally, this prominence representing a second tooth, while in hondurana, there are two large subequal teeth, separated by a small deep notch, the apical tooth obtusely acuminate and upturned. Hondurana is apparently larger than the South American Heteronychus humilis of Burmeister and with much less inflated elytra, the latter having a radically different system of punctuation; in hondurana the punctures are all minute, annular and abruptly limited, while in humilis they are compara- tively coarse, each having at the bottom a minute annulus and with fine interspersed punctures much more evident. The side margins are also said to be distinctly and simply punctate, while in hondurana there is no such appearance. Ligyrus Burm. This is a large genus, inhabiting all parts of North and South America, excepting the subarctic Pacific regions of the continent. The species often occur in great abundance and some of them are probably important from an economic standpoint. The body varies in form according to the group to which it is assignable. There are a number of these subgeneric groups and the four represented by material in my collection may be defined as follows: DYNASTIN^: 189 Mandibles bidentate at tip; front bituberculate; ligula rather broad, truncate; post-coxal process of the prosternum with its apex large, flattened, having an anterior convex nude, and a posterior explanate ciliate, portion; sterna glabrous; pronotum with an anterior inden- tation and small tubercle; body large in size Group I Mandibles tridentate externally; front transversely carinate at the base of the clypeus; ligula narrower, generally bluntly acuminate; post- coxal process smaller, not flattened at tip and bristling throughout with long setse; sterna more or less conspicuously pubescent; body moderate or small in size 2 2 — Pronotum with a small anterior indentation and feeble subapical tubercle 3 Pronotum without trace of the anterior indentation, the tubercle ob- solete 4 3 — Clypeal teeth small, approximate; body generally short and ovoidal, the head small ; maxillary galea tridentate Group 1 1 Clypeal teeth widely separated; body elongate-oval, the head rather large; maxillary galea bidentate Group III 4 — Body nearly as in Group II and similarly with the head notably small. Group IV Groups I, III and IV are wholly tropical, while Group II, the true Ligyrus, is distributed from Canada to and throughout the Sonoran regions of Mexico. Group I. Subgenus Grylius nov. There are so many and such weighty differences between this group and the last three defined above, that there is more proba- bility of true generic value than the status here suggested for it. The body is of large to moderately large size and the species are com- paratively few in number; those in my collection may be defined as follows: Elytral sculpture becoming completely effaced broadly toward the suture. Body stout, convex, shining, oblong-suboval, piceo-rufous in color above, still paler bright brownish-red beneath, glabrous throughout; head moderate, barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, rugulose, smooth at base, the eyes very moderate, not at all prominent, the front impressed medially; tubercles separated by a little less than half the distance between the eyes, and at the extreme base of the clypeus as usual; suture transverse, fine but traceable throughout; clypeus trapezoidal, less than twice as wide as long, the sides very feebly sinuate, finely and evenly margined, the upturned teeth very approximate; mentum on the disk flat, smooth and nude, excavated at the base; prothorax one-half wider than long, the sides moderately convergent, very evenly and rather strongly arcuate from the rounded 190 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA basal angles to the apex; base unmargined, feebly arcuate, very slightly sinuate at each side, the lateral margins not thick; punctures obliterated medially, becoming rather distinct near the sides and, near the apical angles, very coarse, shallow, confluent and rugose; anterior pit rugose; scutellum ogival, smooth, with a fine line of irregular punctures parallel to the external edges; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, not evidently wider than the prothorax and not quite twice as long, circularly rounded in about apical two- fifths; sides very feebly sinuate between the humeri and the middle; punctures coarse but not very close-set, impressed, each enclosing a ^mailer annulus, in great part serial when present, but wanting almost throughout basally, in inner third thence to the apex and in outer fourth throughout, this latter region smooth and polished like the sutural but with very minute sparse punctulation; pygidium densely scabriculate at base and broadly toward the lateral ends, sparsely and moderately punctate broadly at the middle and apex; anterior tibiae with a broad fourth tooth and a similarly broad tooth between the second and third; last abdominal segment with coarse deep close- set punctures throughout; hind tarsi much shorter than the tibiae, much more slender than in gyas Er. Length (9) 23.0-23.5 mm.; width 11.9-12.4 mm. Lower California (San Jose del Cabo). [Ligyrns bryanti Riv.] bryanti Rivers Elytral sculpture indicating no change in character toward the suture, the punctures becoming smaller and more confused postero-exter- nally, however, as usual throughout the genus 2 2 — Body somewhat as in the preceding in outline and habitus, but a little smaller and black, with but feeble piceous tinge, very shining, bright castaneous beneath, the legs concolorous; head slightly larger and with rather more convex eyes, similarly sculptured, the large frontal impression shallower and more diffuse; tubercles and clypeus nearly similar; mentum more convex, more setose basally; prothorax similar in general dimensions, but with the sides converging from base to apex less arcuate, the rugose anterior pit larger, more semicircular; sparse punctures fine but distinct medially, very distinct but barely closer toward the sides, close-set but not at all confluent toward the apical angles; scutellum with the fine subpunctulate line at a greater distance from the edges; elytra similar in form and relative size but strongly and deeply punctured, the punctures widely separated, impressed, each enclosing a small annulus, rather close-set in the geminate series, confused broadly elsewhere; pygidium as in the preceding but more convex, the large smooth medial region with remote and very minute punctures; anterior tibiae with the fourth tooth broader and still feebler, the one between the second and third teeth obsolete; last abdominal segment (cf ) smooth, impunc- tate, the apical sinus distinct. Length (cf ) 21.5 mm.; width 11.2 mm. A single example, said to have been found in Florida but more probably Mexican laevicollis Bates Body much broader and rather less convex, oblong-oval, rather inflated behind, black, shining, the elytra with very faint piceous tinge, the under surface and legs bright brownish-red; head two-fifths as wide DYNASTIISLE 191 as the prothorax, throughout as in lavicollis except that the front is not impressed and the clypeal apex somewhat more broadly rounded, though the small acute upturned teeth are barely less approximate; prothorax more transverse, three-fifths wider than long, the evenly and rather strongly arcuate sides more converging from the more broadly rounded basal angles to the apex; punctures not coarse but strong and distinct, sparse, becoming closer and stronger laterad; anterior pit very small and feeble, rugulose, the tubercle small and inconspicuous; scutellum with a few minute sparse punctures; elytra but very slightly longer than wide, at or behind the middle distinctly wider than the prothorax, rounded at apex; punctures coarse, deeply impressed, rather close-set, each having a minute annulus at the bottom, equally but confusedly arranged throughout, excepting in the geminate series, which are more oblique than in the preceding species and having the punctures close-set; punctures postero-laterad finer and sparser, the sublateral geminate series finer and feebler; pygidium sparsely, rather finely punctate, rugulose at the extreme ends; mes-episterna pubescent, the met-episterna glabrous as usual; in Iccvicollis this episternal distinction is not so marked. Length ( 9 ) 23.5-24.3 mm.; width 12.8-13.2 mm. Brazil (Amazons). [Tomanis gyas Er.] *gyas Er. Mr. Schaeffer (Bull. Bk. Inst., I, p. 384) goes into some details to prove the identity of bryanti Rivers, with lavicollis Bates, in which comparisons the anterior tibije figure to a great extent. The tibial characters are, however, of much less moment than some other more general features, which, in the comparison, lead me to believe that bryanti and Icevicollis are by no means exactly the same. We may begin, for instance, with the size; Icevicollis is smaller, 18-22 mm. in length; then the color, the latter species is described as black, while the normal color of bryanti is piceo-rufous; again we may dwell upon some negative evidence, for, if the flanks of the elytra postero-laterad were so completely smooth and polished as they are in bryanti, it would seem almost certain that some allusion to so striking a character would have been made by the describer. Finally, we must take into consideration the question of faunistic peculiarities; the tip of Lower California has a decidedly isolated fauna, some elements of which extend to the northward along the Gulf of California, but there are only very few which occur also in the region near Mazatlan, Mexico, or to the southward thereof. Now the localities for Icevicollis are said to be various places in Guerrero, Chiapas and British Honduras, and I have but little doubt that the series that Mr. Bates had before him, itself included several distinct species or subspecies, especially when we read in 192 MEMOIRS ox THE COLEOPTERA regard to elytral sculpture: "striis geminatis utrinque tribus, interstitio lato subsuturali plerumque laevi," the significant word being italicized. I am unable to define latifovea, which also belongs to this subgenus, not having seen authentic examples, but the species described above under the name Icevicollis, is probably a fairly typical representative; it differs from gyas, besides form and sculpture, in having the hind tarsi shorter and much more slender. Group II. Subgenus Ligyrus in sp. This subgenus is widely diffused but apparently does not occur in South America, being replaced there by Group IV, as defined above, which group, however, also extends to the northward into Central America. The species are numerous, and when viewed in series do not seem to be especially closely allied among themselves; but they display rather few structural differences in special organs or parts and are therefore difficult to classify in such manner as to be recognizable very readily from description; I have therefore adopted a geographic division as a primary character as follows: Species of the Atlantic regions 2 Species of the Sonoran regions; body short in build and inflated behind to greater or less degree 13 2 — Basal joint of the hind tarsi large and triangular 3 Basal joint slender basally, more abruptly enlarged apically ; body shorter in form, almost always inflated behind 4 3 — Form elongate-oval, convex, not posteriorly inflated, polished, black, the elytra and sides of the pronotum somewhat picescent, the under surface and legs blackish-piceous; head rather more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, finely rugose, the clypeus more coarsely and feebly, the base smooth; front longitudinally impressed along the middle, the transverse ridge entire, not quite attaining the sides-; clypeal teeth small, sharp and approximate; prothorax barely one-half wider than long, the sides from above converging and nearly straight almost to apical third, then more convergent and nearly straight to the apex; basal angles narrowly rounded; punctures fine, rather deep, everywhere very sparse; concavity smooth, the tubercle rather strong; apical coriaceous margin well produced medially; scutellum much wider than long, smooth, ogival ; elytra fully a fourth longer than wide, not evidently wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths; punctures rather coarse and impressed, notably sparse throughout and rather widely spaced even in the geminate series, few in number on the subsutural interval, each enclosing a small annulus as usual; punctures smaller and DYNASTIN..E 193 broadly confused postero-laterad; pygidium finely, feebly scabri- culate near the base throughout the width, elsewhere very feebly and remotely, indistinctly punctulate; hind tibiae notably stout, but little more than twice as long as the rapidly expanded apex; hind tarsi stout, a little shorter than the tibiaB. Length (cf) 15.0 mm.; width 7.9 mm. New York (Willets Point, Long Island). longulus n. sp. Form oblong, narrower and more parallel, barely visibly dilated behind; color very pale ochreo-ferruginous throughout, shining, the head and median part of the pronotum anteriorly blackish; head more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, rather finely and not densely rugose, smooth at base, not medially impressed, the transverse ridge even, not attaining the margin; clypeal teeth small, the mandi- bular acute, triangular; prothorax short, nearly three-fourths wider than long, the sides parallel, arcuately converging in less than apical half, the basal angles narrowly rounded — viewed dorsally; punctures sparse, rather large but shallow, toward the sides not larger but rather smaller and sparser; base broadly, feebly lobed; impression well developed, deep, smooth, sparsely punctate, the tubercle broadly triangular: scutellum smooth; elytra about a sixth longer than wide, much more than twice as long as the prothorax and but very little wider, broadly rounded at apex, having the series as usual but unim- pressed and with small, feeble and widely spaced punctures, the intervals almost impunctate, the subsutural sparsely toward base; punctures laterally fine and sparse; pygidium finely and remotely punctulate, feebly and finely rugulose at the sides; abdomen as- perately punctate laterally, smooth medially, the last ventral of the male evidently sinuate medially; sternal pubescence not dense but long and tawny-yellow; hind tibiae stout, obconic, the anterior purely tridentate as usual. Length (cf) 12.8 mm.; width 7.3 mm. Virginia (Fort Monroe) virginicus n. sp. 4 — Body of peculiarly parallel outline, the elytra only very feebly inflated just behind the middle. Shining, dark castaneous in color, the under surface and legs paler rufous; head rather small, not coarsely, closely rugose, smooth at base, the carina sharp, even, not depressed medially and widely separated from the sides; clypeal teeth of the usual form, acute; prothorax slightly more than one-half wider than long, the sides between the very broadly rounded basal angles and the ante- median arcuation very feebly converging and slightly sinuate, strongly converging apically; base broadly lobed; punctures moder- ately sparse, coarse, wanting along the middle basally and less coarse and rather sparser laterally: anterior pit moderate, smooth, sparsely punctate, the tubercle rather strongly elevated; scutellum smooth, with very few fine punctures; elytra about as wide as the prothorax and not quite twice as long, evidently longer than wide, very obtusely rounded at apex, the series oblique and regular as usual, rather broadly impressed and with coarse annulate punctures, smaller and deeper in the sutural series, smaller but still rather coarse and confused postero-laterad, coarse and scattered over the sub- T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 194 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA sutural interval; pygidium with small but distinct and not very sparse punctures throughout, subrugulose at the sides, in large part covered by the elytra in the male; abdomen scarcely punctate later- ally except in the usual close-set series of very fine punctures; post- coxal plate smooth and polished, sparsely punctate basally and minutely, densely so at apex. Length (cf ) 12.7-13.2 mm.; width 7.0-7.7 mm. Texas (Waco) parallelus n. sp. Body oblong-oval, more inflated behind and of stouter build 5 5 — Hind tibiae short, obconic, not very deeply sinuate externally near the apex and only moderately expanded at the apex. Body rather small in size, polished, dark piceo-castaneous in color above, the under surface pale yellowish-ferruginous; pronotum rather paler at the sides; head fully two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, blackish, the clypeus bright rufous; front finely rugulose, feebly impressed along the middle, the base smooth; carina finely acute along the summit, which is feebly sinuate at the middle, not attaining the sides; clypeus polished and with minute sparse asperities, the teeth small, slender and spinuliform; prothorax short, two-thirds to three- fourths wider than long, in outline nearly as in the preceding, except that the basal angles are only narrowly rounded — viewed dorsally; surface very smooth and polished and with minute shallow punctures, very remotely scattered, the pit well developed, smooth, gradually shallowing laterally, steeper posteriorly, the tubercle rather strong and acute; scutellum very smooth; elytra slightly elongate, more than twice as long as the prothorax and, posteriad, distinctly wider, the lines rather coarsely but moderately impressed, with the punc- tures well spaced, coarsely impressed, each with an elliptic annulus, the subsutural interval with rather few punctures; pygidium pol- ished and remotely, obsoletely punctulate, punctured laterally and basally ( 9 ), or with fine rugulosity toward the sides (c?) : hind tibiae but little more than twice as long as their apical width; hind coxal plate finely but not densely punctate apically. Length (cf 9 ) 12.8-13.2 mm.; width 7.3-7.8 mm. New Jersey (Atlantic City). Not common remotus n. sp. Hind tibiae longer, relatively more slender, more deeply sinuate externally near the apex, which is more abruptly and strongly expanded. . . .6 6 — Prothorax larger, only moderately transverse, three-fifths to two- thirds wider than long. Body stout, convex, shining, black when mature, the under surface and legs castaneo-rufous; head barely more than a third as wide as the prothorax, with fine, sparse rugulosity, the base smooth and polished, the carina as in the preceding but with the median sinu? nearly obsolete; clypeus rufescent, finely, loosely asperulate, with the minute asperities becoming very dense apically to the base of the teeth, which are strongly elevated, very acute and less approximate than in many others; prothorax subparallel, with the sides nearly straight — viewed dorsally — from the broadly rounded basal angles nearly to apical third, where they become strongly oblique to the apex; annular umbilicate punctures moder- ately sparse, lying within rather coarse impressions, smaller near the sides; pit well developed, smooth, the tubercle strong, broadly DYNASTIN^E 195 triangular; scutellum with a central fovea and some small scattered punctures; elytra barely twice as long as the prothorax and but little wider, distinctly swollen at the sides behind the middle, only very little longer than wide and subcircularly rounded in apical two-fifths; punctures moderately coarse, rather close-set and confused sub- suturally and broadly toward the sides, the sutural and submedial series only feebly impressed and with moderately close-set punctures; pygidium with rather sparse but strong punctures, becoming still sparser but only a little smaller apically; legs rather stout. Length (cf 9 ) 13.0-16.0; width 7.2-9.4 mm. Texas (Dallas and Lee Co.). Twenty-three examples texanus n. sp. Prothorax more transverse, sometimes almost twice as wide a? long. .7 7 — Color black to obscure castaneous 8 Color bright rufous 10 8 — Pronotal punctures rather coarse and more or less close-set, con- spicuous. Body stout, convex, black to obscure ferruginous above, much paler brownish-red beneath; head more than a third as wide as the prothorax, closely rugulose, smooth at base and with some inter- mediate discrete punctures; carina even, sometimes feebly sinuate medially, not attaining the sides; clypeus finely, loosely rugulose, more closely anteriorly, the teeth rather small ; prothorax subparallel, with the sides feebly arcuate in basal two-thirds, then broadly rounding and converging to the apex, the basal angles, from above, obtuse but only narrowly rounded; pit varying from very small and feeble to rather large, deep and partially rugulose, the tubercle transversely angulate; scutellum smooth or with a few punctures, sometimes having a central fovea; elytra a little longer than wide, more than twice as long as the prothorax and evidently wider, obtusely rounded at apex, the punctures decidedly coarse and deep, rather close-set in the more or less coarsely impressed oblique series, confused but even rather coarser laterad, though becoming finer on and near the apical declivity, rather few in number but coarse on the subsutural interval; pygidium with small and very sparse punctures, becoming less sparse and intermingled with more or less fine rugulosity basally and laterally. Male shorter and relatively stouter than the female. Length (15 cf, 12 9) 12.7-15.0 mm.; width 7.3-9.0 mm. New Jersey and North Carolina to Louisiana (Vowell's Mill), Iowa and Kansas (McPherson). [Scarabccus gibbosus DeG., Geotrupes juvencus Fabr., Podalgus variolosus Burm., and Bothynus morio Lee.] gibbosus DeG. A — Similar to gibbosus in nearly every way but a little less stout, and except that the thoracic punctures are more close-set and the pygidium (cf ) shorter, rather broader, more convex, more broadly rounded at apex and having everywhere rather coarse, more or less close-set and conspicuous punctures; hind tibiae much stouter. Length (d71) 13.8 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Mississippi (Vicksburg). puncticauda n. subsp. Pronotal punctures small, much less conspicuous 9 9 — Body notably short and stout, rather dull in lustre, castaneous, the legs and under surface much paler, rufous; head small, with the usual 196 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA sculpture, the transverse carina even, not attaining the sides by a long distance and without trace of median sinus; oblique sides of the clypeus deeply sinuate, the teeth notably small, not very acute; prothorax nearly as in the preceding but with the punctures smaller and more unevenly distributed, becoming very sparse basally as a rule and remote toward the sides; anterior pit generally small and feeble, the tubercle obtuse; scutellum smooth, with a central fovea in all examples at hand; elytra short, barely at all longer than wide, rather more than twice as long as the prothorax, much more ( 9 ) and nearly a fourth wider, broadly and obtusely rounded at apex; sculpture as in the preceding but everywhere less coarse and feebler; pygidium feebly and finely soabriculate, except in a large medial and apical region, where it becomes smooth and with small and very sparse punctures; hind tibiae notably slender as in gibbosus. Length (2 cf , 2 9 ) 12.8-13.4 mm.; width 7.7-8.5 mm. New Jersey. breviusculus n. sp. A — Similar to brei>iusculus in the fine sculpture but relatively more elongate, dull in lustre, castaneous above, not paler but more blackish beneath and throughout the legs; head still smaller, about a third as wide as the prothorax, similar, except that the clypeal teeth are larger; prothorax similar, but with the punctures every- where sparser; scutellum without the central fovea in the type but with a conspicuous scabrous-punctulate line at some distance from the margins and parallel thereto, which is only very feebly and fragmentarily indicated in breviuscidus; elytra longer, less inflated behind and less exceeding the prothorax in width, other- wise similar; pygidium distinctly differing, being much more extendedly and conspicuously scabriculate, the smoother medial part with the punctures stronger and irregularly more close-set; hind tibiae nearly similar. Length (cf1) 13.7 mm.; width 7.9 mm. Northern Illinois (Highland Park) lacustris n. subsp. Body very broadly and almost evenly oval, convex, not very shining, dark umber-brown above, obscure castaneous beneath; head but little more than a third as wide as the prothorax, nearly as in gib- bosus but with the clypeal teeth relatively more separated, the ridge and teeth much worn down in the type; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, differing visibly from all the preceding species in having the sides strongly converging from base to apex and strongly, almost evenly arcuate; basal angles rather broadly rounded from above; base broadly but evidently lobed medially; punctures re- latively small, moderately sparse, largely wanting medio-laterad and, toward the median line, becoming decidedly minute; anterior pit small and feeble, the tubercle obtuse; scutellum nearly smooth; elytra barely longer than wide, parallel, with evenly arcuate and not post-medially inflated sides, more than a fourth wider than the prothorax and slightly more than twice as long, broadly rounded at apex; punctures rather coarse, the series evidently impressed, with rather close-set punctures, the sculpture on the whole as in gibbosus but not quite so conspicuously coarse; pygidium much broader and relatively shorter, with the median line broadly and deeply impressed, DYNASTIN^: 197 except toward base and apex, the surface throughout very finely, sparsely punctulate, more closely and unevenly at the lateral ex- tremities; hind tibiae nearly as in gibbosus; last abdominal segment of the female almost smooth, having only a few very fine, irregularly dispersed punctures. Length (9) 14.3 mm.; width 8.4 mm. Northern Atlantic region laticauda n. sp. 10 — Elytra (cf ) very short, about as wide as long as a rule and unusually inflated behind. Body stout, shining, paler rufous beneath; head fully two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, finely, densely scabrous, smooth at base, the carina fine and acute, not at all sinuate medially, separated from the sides by a wide interval; clypeus finely, very densely scabriculate throughout, more sparsely in the female, the teeth small, slender; prothorax about three-fourths wider than long, the sides nearly straight and feebly converging to beyond the middle, there broadly rounded and thence strongly converging to the apex; basal angles moderately broadly rounded; punctures very moderate in size, shallow, abrupt, rather close-set anteriorly, gradually be- coming very remote basally toward the sides; pit rather shallow, sparsely punctate, the tubercle obtusely and broadly triangular; scutellum generally with a central fovea; elytra posteriorly almost a third wider than the prothorax in the male, less in the rather more elongate elytra of the female, broadly rounded at apex; series rather sulciform; punctures somewhat coarse, toward the sides coarse, closer and confused except basally, becoming much finer apically and intermingled laterally with small sparse punctures; pygidium shining, the punctures small but distinct, not very sparse except medially toward tip, subrugulose at the sides; hind tibiae rather slender; last ventral (9 ) finely, rather closely punctulate, with a few fine punc- tures also at the middle of the penultimate segment. Length (3 cf, i 9) 12.6-15.0 mm.; width 7.7-9.2 mm. Texas (Austin), Iowa (Cherokee) — A. D. W. and Indiana laetulus n. sp. Elytra oblong or oval, not much inflated behind, not greatly exceeding the prothorax in width and distinctly elongate II II — Body oval in form, very convex, polished and strongly sculptured. Head nearly two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, strongly rugose, smooth and finely, sparsely punctate basally, the carina very fine along the crest, not sinuate medially and far removed from the sides; clypeus very short, concave longitudinally, feebly sculptured, the teeth small, acute and approximate; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides converging from the broadly rounded basal angles to the apex but having, beyond the middle, a broadly arcuate point of flexure; punctures coarse, sparse, deeply impressed, smaller toward the sides; anterior pit deep and well developed, the tubercle strong, broadly triangular; scutellum smooth, with a few minute punctures; elytra but slightly longer than wide, parallel and broadly arcuate at the sides, obtusely rounded at apex, a sixth wider than the pro- thorax and more than twice as long, the punctures arranged as usual but not close-set, coarse, deeply impressed and very con- spicuous, confused but rather coarse even on the apical declivity, each puncture enclosing a rather large annulus; pygidium polished, 198 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA minutely, very remotely punctulate, the punctures becoming dense at the extreme ends, the lower margins feebly sinuate; hind tibiae very smooth, polished and punctureless, barely shorter than the femora; last ventral of the female impunctate. Length (9) 14.0 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Florida (Jacksonville). [Bothynus neglectus Lee.] neglectus Lee. Body oblong, stouter, much less conspicuously sculptured on either the elytra or pronotum 12 12 — Sides of the prothorax converging and almost evenly arcuate from base to apex; body very stout. Color very pale brownish-rufous, but little paler beneath, shining, the sterna conspicuously pubescent; head rather more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, finely, very densely rugulose, smooth basally, the carina fine and sharp, feebly sinuate at the middle, joining a smooth plate at each side before the eyes; clypeus minutely, densely rugulose throughout, the sides at base rather prominent, the teeth unusually long, very acute, approximate; prothorax convex, two-thirds wider than long, the sides feebly converging at base from above, the punctures anteriorly not coarse but deep and close-set, becoming smaller and very remote toward the sides and base; pit rather large, smooth, the tubercle unusually prominent; scutellum with a confused line of feeble punctures parallel to the margins; elytra slightly longer than wide, only very little wider than the pro- thorax and slightly more than twice as long, broadly and circularly rounded in apical third, the sides before the middle feebly sinuate; punctures very moderate and widely spaced in unimpressed series, confused broadly toward the sides but smaller only apically ; pygidium finely rugulose in about basal third from side to side, elsewhere polished and with distinct punctures, becoming gradually minute and remote apically; hind tibiae rather strongly inflated apically, as long as the femora, closely punctulate externally; last ventral of the female finely punctulate, especially toward the middle. Length (9 ) J5-5 mm.; width 9.5 mm. Kansas bicorniculatus n. sp. Sides of the prothorax with the usual subprominent arcuation beyond the middle; hind tibiae shorter than the femora. Color slightly deeper but clear rufous, paler beneath, the sternal pubescence similarly long and conspicuous; integuments shining; head similar, except that the transverse carina is feebler and shorter, not joining an ante-ocular smooth plate; clypeus, at the sides basally, less prominent, the subapical teeth not quite so high; prothorax nearly similar in size, proportion and sculpture; scutellum without a line of confused punctulation parallel to the sides, having merely a few fine scattered punctures and adventitiously a subcentral fovea; elytra rather smaller though of the same general form and proportion with regard to the prothorax, but much more coarsely and strongly sculptured, the punctures coarse and the series evidently impressed; pygidium similarly though more feebly micro-rugulose basally but with the scattered punctures finer; hind tibiae nearly smooth. Length (cf) 15.0 mm.; width 8.8 mm. Colorado (Boulder Co.). One specimen rubidus n. sp. DYNASTIN/E 199 A — Similar but a little narrower and more obscure rufous, the head nearly as in rnbidus but the prothorax is relatively a little smaller, though similar in outline, and the punctures are everywhere stronger, becoming only slightly sparser basally, but not toward the sides, and with an impunctate median area basally, which is not at all denned in rubidus; scutellum similar; elytra also similar but with the punctures not so coarse, rather more numerous and less deeply impressed; pygidium less transverse and everywhere strongly and deeply punctate, except medially toward apex, where the punctures become fine and sparser; toward base the fine shallow rugulosity of rubidus is replaced by dense punctulation, similar to that pervading the rest of the disk and, on the median line above the centre, there is a shallow oblong impression, which is not at all visible in the type of rubidus. Length (cf 9 ) 12.4- 14.0 mm.; width 7.4-8.6 mm. Colorado (Denver). Four examples. A male specimen marked "Texas" is somewhat similar to rubidus and lucitblandus but differs in certain minor features lucublandus n. subsp. 13 — Elytra short, not or barely at all longer than wide and always coarsely and conspicuously sculptured 14 Elytra distinctly longer than wide and comparatively finely sculptured. 15 14 — -Body oval in form, strongly convex, shining, the elytra but very little wider than the prothorax. Color dark piceous, the legs and under surface obscure rufous; head barely two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, rather loosely rugulose, smooth basally, the carina sharp and even but not approaching closely to the sides; prothorax re- latively well developed, three-fifths wider than long, trapezoidal, with the sides feebly, arcuately prominent beyond the middle, the basal angles broadly rounded; punctures strong, rather close-set, becoming sparser and a little less coarse basally and laterally and finer medially behind the moderate fovea, the punctures umbilicate; toward base, the median line is impunctate; scutellum smooth, with a minute post-central fovea; elytra but little longer than wide, only slightly wider than the prothorax and barely twice as long, circularly rounded in fully apical two-fifths; punctures not very close-set but coarsely impressed, each with a circular annulus, the series not evidently impressed; pygidium finely and feebly scabriculate along the base, elsewhere not coarsely but very distinctly, sparsely punc- tate, more finely and sparsely in a small apical region; legs short, the hind tibise nearly smooth, much shorter than the femora and barely more than twice as long as their apical width. Length (cf ) 14.7 mm.; width 8.0 mm. New Mexico curtipennis n. sp. Body broadly oblong-oval, gradually much dilated behind, deep shining black in color, the under surface and legs pure pale red-brown; head two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, sculptured as usual, the carina sharply elevated and even but unusually short, about half as long as the distance between the eyes; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides almost evenly and strongly arcuate, more rapidly converging apically, the basal angles not broadly rounded from above; punctures strong, rather sparse, becoming more remote basally and 200 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA broadly toward the sides, except at apex; fovea and tubercle moder- ate; scutellum obtusely ogival, very smooth; elytra barely at all longer than wide, much inflated behind the middle and there more than a fourth wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in about apical third, much more than twice as long as the prothorax; punc- tures rather coarsely impressed, each with an elliptic annulus, the series evidently impressed, the confused punctures laterally similarly coarse, becoming less coarse at apex; pygidium with distinct sparse punctures; hind tibiae much shorter than the femora but only moder- ately stout, more than twice as long as their apical width; last ventral of the female finely punctulate. Length (9) 15.5 mm.; width 9.5 mm. Mexico (northern) *farctus n. sp. 15 — Outline subcylindric, the elytra but little wider than the prothorax. Body (cf ) rather slender, obscure red-brown in color, moderately shining, slightly paler rufous beneath; head notably small, barely more than a third as wide as the prothorax, the sculpture and small clypeal teeth as usual, the carina slender, even, moderately long; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides subparallel in more than basal half, then rounded and oblique anteriorly, the basal angles distinct and only very narrowly rounded from above; punctures strong, moderately close-set, deep and very evenly distributed throughout; marginal fringe conspicuous; scutellum ogival, nearly smooth; elytra about a fifth longer than wide, circularly rounded in apical third, the sides barely visibly more arcuate just behind the middle, the series not or but slightly impressed, the small or very moderate punctures well separated, broadly confused externally and very fine apically ; pygidium smooth and polished, finely, sparsely punctate; legs short, the hind tibiae as long as the femora, evidently more than twice as long as their apical width. Female larger and stouter than the male and with the elytra somewhat more inflated just behind the middle; legs similar; hind tarsi as long as the tibiae. Length (3 cf, 2 9) 13.0-14.0 mm.; width 7.5-8.2 mm. New Mexico (Jemez and Gallina Springs) effetus n. sp. Outline more pyriform, the elytra large, the prothorax relatively small, always much narrower than the elytra; sculpture always rather feeble 16 1 6 — Elytral sculpture obsolescent toward the suture. Castaneous, shining, densely pilose beneath; clypeus slightly truncate at apex, distinctly bidentate, having an acutely elevated line between the antennae, densely, rugusely punctate anteriorly, smooth at base; prothorax strongly rounded at the sides, strongly narrowed anteriorly, the distinctly sinuate apex finely bimarginate; fovea small, deep, the tubercle short and obtuse; punctures sparse and rather coarse; elytra striato-punctate, the external striae confused toward apex, the three internal striae almost obsolete; pygidium sparsely punctate. Length 13.8 mm.; width 8.8 mm. Colorado (near Long's Peak). A single example. [JBothymus obsoletus Lee.] obsoletus Lee. Elytral sculpture regular except in arizonensis 17 17 — Sutural stria almost obsolete, the punctures composing it very min- ute, the other striae subequally developed among themselves and DYNASTIN.E 201 distinct. Body stout, oblong-oval, very shining, dark umber- brown in color, the under surface and legs bright rufous; head two- fifths as wide as the prothorax, rugulose, the base sparsely punctate, smooth medially; carina long, fine, even, attaining the eye-canthus, which is separated longitudinally from the side of the front by a fine distinct suture; clypeus very finely and densely rugulose an- teriorly but discretely punctate at base on the slope of the carina, the approximate teeth distinct; prothorax transverse, fully three- fourths wider than long, the sides almost evenly and strongly rounded, more converging apically; fovea shallow, the tubercle distinct; punctures notably fine, very remotely and unevenly scattered throughout; scutellum very broadly ogival, three-fourths wider than long, with a few minute punctures basally; elytra large, a fifth longer than wide, behind the middle nearly a fourth wider than the prothorax, more than two and one-half times as long, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths; striae regular but not impressed, com- posed of well separated, distinct but not coarse punctures, becoming minute and sparse near the sides, the second stria as distinct as the others, but the punctures of the subsutural interval become feeble, though not effaced, basally; pygidium polished, finely, sparsely punctate; hind tibiae short, strongly obconic, scarcely twice as long as their expanded apex and much shorter than the femora; hind tarsi fully as long as the tibiae. Length ( 9 ) 16.5 mm. ; width 9.8 mm. Arizona (probably southern) arizonensis n. sp. Sutural stria as well developed as any of the others 18 18 — Hind tibiae broadly flaring and abbreviated, much shorter than the femora 19 Hind tibiae similarly very stout and flaring but longer, about equal in length to the femora 20 19 — Body larger, obese, convex, very shining, more or less pale castaneous, brighter and paler rufous beneath; head of the usual size and form, black, pale anteriorly, rather coarsely rugulose, smooth at base; carina well developed, sometimes with a small medial sinus in the male; clypeal teeth distinct; posterior tooth of the mandibles nearly twice as thick as the median tooth; prothorax short, more than three- fourths wider than long, the sides straight and converging from the broadly rounded basal angles to beyond the middle, there becoming still more oblique to the apex; punctures strong, sparse and uneven in distribution throughout; pit small but deeply impressed, polished, the tubercle moderate; scutellum only a little wider than long, smooth, generally with a small central fovea; elytra evidently elon- gate, inflated behind equally in both sexes and there more than a fourth wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in apical third; striae regular, slightly impressed, rather coarse, the punctures strong, moderately coarse, confused laterally, becoming finer and closer in the male; pygidium black to red, with distinct and moderately sparse punctures, which are rather stronger in the female. Length (cf 9 ) 12.8-15.8 mm.; width 7.6-9.7 mm. New Mexico (Alamo- gordo and Albuquerque), Texas (El Paso) and southward to Durango City, Mexico. Nine examples spissipes Csy. 2O2 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Body smaller, much less stout, elongate-oval, dark, blackish-piceous in color, pale red-brown beneath, rather shining; head nearly as in the preceding, except that the transverse carina forms a broad sinuate curve from side to side, the ends not separated from the side margins; clypeal teeth peculiarly minute but otherwise normal; prothorax not very transverse, only slightly more than one-half wider than long, the sides and angles as in the preceding, except that the former are less oblique either basally or apically; pit deep, oval, the tubercle obtuse; punctures rather strong and sparse, small and sparser medio-laterad and almost wanting along the median line; scutellum barely wider than long, smooth ; elytra distinctly elongate, moderately inflated just behind the middle and there distinctly less than a fourth wider than the prothorax, evidently more than twice as long as the latter; series broadly and distinctly impressed, the punctures not very coarse but distinct and impressed, more confused externally and, toward apex, slightly smaller though much less obviously so than in the male of spissipes; pygidium minutely, sparsely punctate, very finely and feebly rugulose along the base; hind tibiae scarcely twice as long as their apical width, much shorter than the femora; hind tarsi rather longer than the tibiae. Length (d71 ) 12.0 mm.; width 6.85 mm. Texas (near El Paso), — Dunn brevipes n. sp. 20 — Pygidium very minutely and remotely punctate, with a few more distinct though sparse punctures toward the lateral ends. Body oblong-oval, rather less convex than usual, polished, pale rufo- ferruginous almost throughout, the head and antero-median part of the pronotum black or blackish; head of the usual size and sculpture, the carina even and long but not attaining the sides; prothorax short, three-fourths wider than long, trapezoidal, with feebly sub- prominent arcuation at the sides beyond the middle, the basal angles rather broadly rounded; anterior pit shallow, the tubercle small; punctures rather small, sparse, subevenly distributed but becoming very shallow, sparser and feebler postero-laterad; scutellum moder- ate, obtusely ogival, evidently punctate throughout, except at the margins and medio-basally; elytra subquadrate, slightly elongate, parallel, very broadly rounded at apex, more than a fourth wider than the prothorax and nearly two and one-half times as long, the punc- tures rather small but widely impressed, not close-set in the not dis- tinctly impressed series, fine and confused apically; legs short; hind tibiae a little more than twice as long as their apical width; last ventral of the female smooth and virtually impunctate. Length ( 9 ) 13.7 mm. ; width 8.3 mm. New Mexico (Santa Fe) . . laevicauda n. sp. Pygidium distinctly though sparsely punctate though often somewhat closely; upper surface of the body more convex. California. . . .21 21 — Body very stout, subpyriform-oval, large in size, polished, pale castaneous in color, the legs and under surface still paler rufous; head slightly larger than in the preceding, two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, densely and confluently punctate, smooth at base, with discrete punctures intermediately, the carina long, very thin, not attaining the sides and feebly sinuate at the middle; clypeus finely, very densely punctato-rugulose throughout, the subapical teeth DYNASTIN.E 203 small but acute and spiniform; prothorax less abbreviated, three- fifths to two-thirds wider than long, the sides feebly, then gradually before the middle more strongly, converging, the basal angles only moderately rounded from above, the anterior pit rather small but well impressed, smooth, the tubercle well developed ; punctures strong and more or less close-set, becoming smaller and very sparse basally and laterad and generally nearly wanting along the middle posteri- orly; scutellum only moderately transverse, ogival, with a few fine punctures basally at each side; elytra slightly longer than wide, relatively large, inflated behind, almost a third wider than the pro- thorax, broadly rounded at apex; punctures rather small, feebly impressed, not close-set, the regular series not or barely at all im- pressed, becoming fine and confused externally in about apical third, all the punctures internally becoming rather smaller and feebler and sometimes obliterated near the scutellum; hind tibiae stout and flaring, but little more than twice as long as their apical width; last ventral in both sexes with fine and confused but not very close- set punctures. Length (cf 9) 15.0-19.0 mm.; width 9.0-10.9 mm. Common in various parts of southern California. Thirteen examples. californicus Csy. A — Nearly similar but more oblong, less inflated behind, very stout and blackish in color, obscure castaneous beneath, the head a little smaller, the front closely and coarsely punctate, becoming finely, densely scabrous medially; carina approaching the sides more closely; prothorax nearly similar but relatively larger; scutellum more transverse, very obtusely ogival; sparse elytral punctures still smaller, the series wholly unimpressed; apices viewed along the axis of the body transversely arcuate and ascending to the suture, not so nearly horizontal as in californicus; hind tibiae very stout and flaring. Length (d") 17.2 mm.; width 10.35 mm- Southern California, — Dunn laticollis n. subsp. Body less stout and very much smaller in size, similar in the pale color and polished lustre to californicus; head small, closely, asperately punctato-rugose, smooth at base, the carina as in californicus, the clypeus slightly less densely sculptured and more shining, the teeth similar; prothorax much smaller, distinctly less than three-fifths wider than long, similar in general form and sculpture- scutellum similar, only a little wider than long; elytra longer than wide, more parallel, less inflated behind, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, about a third wider than the prothorax and two and one- half times as long, sculptured nearly as in californicus, the series not in the least impressed; pygidium similarly in great part covered by the elytra; hind tibiae not quite so stout, distinctly more than twice as long as their apical width; ventral segments shorter, the last almost punctureless. Length (cf) 12.0 mm.; width 7.2 mm. Southern California (the locality not recorded), — Dunn. scitulus n. sp. The constancy in form of the bispiculose apex of the clypeus through so many apparently valid species and subspecies, as indi- 204 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA cated above, would seem to prove the generic weight of this char- acter when compared with the single spicule of Ligyrus ruginasus Lee., which is made the type of a separate genus below. In tumulosus Burm., forming the next subgeneric group, these small spiculiform processes are very much more widely separated and this species is also peculiar in its elongate-oval form of body, larger head and basally more thickened hind tarsi. The first species of Ligyrus proper, described above under the name longulus, has also an elongate-oval form of body and unusually large triangular basal joint of the hind tarsi, the second joint normal however, but the minute spicules of the clypeal apex are approximate as usual. The paper by LeConte on Bothynus (Journ. Ac. Phila., 2d ser., I, p. 87) and the volume of Burmeister's work treating the same subject, appeared almost simultaneously in 1847, so that neither author could allude to the work of the other. Although LeConte's description of Bothymis morio was modified somewhat, later on, (Proc. Ac. Phila., 1856, p. 20), there can be no doubt that the original description referred to the species described by Burmeister at the same time as Podalgus variolosus and earlier, by DeGeer, as Scarabtzus gibbosus. The LeContian morio is the female of gibbosus, this sex being somewhat narrower and more elongate than the male, as can be seen when large series are carefully segregated sexually. That the Geotrupes juvencus, of Fabricius, refers to the same species, cannot at least be disproved by evidence to the contrary, his de- scription being valueless in making any refined distinctions. The synonymy given under Ligyrus gibbosus in the Biologia by Mr. Bates is therefore correct, except in regard to neglectus and obsoletus of LeConte which are both specifically valid. The above description of obsoletus is taken directly from the original, as I do not now have examples of that species at hand. Group III. Subgenus Anagrylius nov. So far as I am able to discover LeConte was in error in ascribing a bidentate maxillary galea to Ligyrus gibbosus, though correct in stating that it is tridentate in neglectus and ruginasus. As a matter of fact it is tridentate in all the species of the restricted Ligyrus, including gibbosus, but in the present group it seems to have only DYNASTIN/E 205 two teeth, so far as apparent without complete dissection. This, in addition to the different habitus of the body, widely spaced clypeal denticles and larger head, would seemingly warrant the isolation of tumulosus as a separate subgenus, which I have sug- gested under the above name. The habitat of tumulosus was left in doubt by Burmeister and possibly there may be several allied species now known under that name. The following seems to be tumulosus Burm., as interpreted by Bates: Form elongate-oval, strongly convex, polished, black, with very feeble piceous tinge, the legs and under surface paler, castaneous, the abdomen darker brown; head about three-sevenths as wide as the prothorax, sparsely rugose laterally, smoother medially and punc- tureless basally; carina almost completely and broadly interrupted medially, the two parts angularly prominent and attaining the sides; clypeus of the usual form in the preceding subgenus but with the apex about half as wide as the base, arcuato-truncate, each angle with an erect spiniform tooth, the surface shining, very sparsely, transversely rugulose; mentum convex, coarsely punctate and setose throughout; prothorax three-fifths wider than long, the sides just visibly con- verging and subsinuate from the broadly rounded basal angles to slightly beyond the middle, there broadly rounded and then oblique to the apex; punctures very small and extremely sparse throughout, the anterior pit very small, subrugulose, the tubercle not elevated but forming a small posterior lobe of the flattened apical margin; scutellum broadly ogival, nearly smooth, having a minute subcentral fovea; elytra about a fourth longer than wide, barely at all wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths, the sides faintly sinuate before the middle for some distance as usual; punctures very moderate, widely spaced in the usual series, which are slightly impressed, broadly confused toward the sides behind about the middle, excepting the usual submarginal double series of very fine regular punctures; pygidium relatively rather small in size, black, shining, strongly, sparsely and rather irregularly punctured throughout, more closely at the lateral ends; hind tibiae equal in length to the femora, moderately stout and flaring; last abdominal segment of the female sparingly punctate; post-coxal process of the prosternum with the apex more sparsely punctate and setose than usual in the preceding subgenus. Length ( 9 ) IQ-5 mm.; width 10.0 mm. Mexico? [Heteronydms tumulosus Burm.] tumulosus Burm. Under the original description of this species its habitat is said to be " Nord-America (Siid-Carolina) und Westindien (St. Domin- go)." Bates records it from Mexico (Vera Cruz), British Honduras and Colombia. The native country of the specimen described above, which was received from a European dealer, is transcribed 206 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA as written on the label. It does not seem to be very abundant anywhere.* Group IV. Subgenus Ligyrellus nov. The three species assignable to this subgeneric group of Ligyrus, do not differ from the true Ligyrus in any other way than in having no trace of the very constant anterior pit of the pronotum char- acterizing that extensive group of species and in their different geographic habitat, but, at the same time, these three species form three sections baseable on the structure of the clypeal apex as follows : Clypeus edentate and truncate at apex, the truncature a third as wide as the distance between the eyes. Body subparallel, feebly inflated posteriorly, convex, shining, piceo-rufous, slightly paler and only moderately pubescent beneath; head small, coarsely, shallowly punctato-rugose, smooth at base, the carina completely divided into two slender transverse ridges about attaining the sides; clypeus of the usual form, more finely and loosely rugulose; mentum convex, punctate and setose throughout; mandibles as in Ligyrus; prothorax scarcely more than one-half wider than long, the sides evenly con- verging and evenly, distinctly arcuate from the very narrowly rounded angles to the apex; base rather strongly lobed medially; surface apically not modified; punctures rather strong, very sparse, wanting along the middle basally; scutellum wider than long, tri- angular, smooth; elytra a fifth longer than wide, a fifth wider than the prothorax and more than twice as long, broadly, evenly rounded at apex; punctures rather small, widely spaced in a sutural and four discal double series, the external fine and feeble; wider subsutural and sublateral intervals with sparse confused punctures, the others impunctate for the most part, the punctures postero-laterad broadly confused; pygidium strongly but shallowly, not very sparsely um- bilicato-punctate throughout; hind tibiae rather slender, not as long as the femora, the tarsi equal in length to the tibiae; prosternal process bristling with setae throughout. Length (cf ) 13.7 mm.; width 8.0 mm. Venezuela. [Scarabceus fossor Latr.] *fossor Latr. Clypeus bidenticulate 2 2 — Pronotum not definitely modified anteriorly, though sometimes with a very shallow rounded impression at each side of the middle. Body oblong, rather convex, stout, dilated posteriorly, shining, dark cas- taneous, pale rufous and with moderate sternal vestiture beneath; head small though larger than in fossor, the front deeply concave *Since this was written I have received a smaller specimen, said to have been col- lected by Wickham in southern California; it otherwise exactly resembles the one described above, except that the geminate series of the elytra are rather more im- pressed, DYNASTIN/E 207 and finely, closely rugose, the extreme base smooth; carina long, entire, sharply and strongly elevated, not attaining the sides though joined to the sides by a feeble supplementary ridge; clypeus concave and finely rugose, almost exactly as in gibbosus, the denticles very small, approximate and spinuliform; prothorax two-thirds or more wider than long, the sides almost evenly arcuate, strongly con- verging at apex, the punctures sparse but strong and impressed; scutellum wider than long, nearly smooth, ogival; elytra barely visibly longer than wide, rapidly very broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, at apical third much wider than the prothorax, about twice as long; punctures fine, sparse, arranged as in the preceding, more close-set in the double series; pygidium polished, finely, remotely punctate; hind tibiae notably slender, fully as long as the femora and much longer than the tarsi, which are unusually short relatively. Length (cf1 9) 15.0-16.5 mm.; width 8.7-9.8 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). Three examples. [Podalgus nasutus Burm.] *nasutus Burm. Pronotum tumid along the median line apically. Body more oblong, parallel and less abbreviated, more convex, smooth and shining, blackish-brown, obscure rufous beneath and with long dense con- spicuous sternal vestiture, the femora brighter rufous; head small, but little more than a third as wide as the prothorax, the front evenly and feebly convex and with widely separated short transverse rugulosities, the carina completely though narrowly interrupted at the middle, the ridges fine, rather elevated and completely fused with the side margins; clypeus finely, more closely and granularly rugulose, of the usual form but with the apex more broadly obtuse than in nasutus or gibbosus and with two small, erect and rather approximate denticles; mandibles as in gibbosus; mentum of the usual form, punctate and setose throughout; prothorax exactly as in the preceding but rather more narrowed at apex, smooth, ex- tremely finely, sparsely and feebly punctulate, the punctures rather abruptly distinct and closer near the sides; scutellum barely wider than long, smooth, very acutely ogival; elytra not quite a fourth longer than wide, parallel, faintly dilated behind the middle, circu- larly rounded in about apical third, nearly a fifth wider than the prothorax and much more than twice as long; punctures very sparse, fine and feeble but arranged nearly as in the preceding; pygidium with the punctures rather larger and more close-set than those of the elytra but extremely feeble and shallow, almost wanting medially; hind tibiae rather stout and apically, strongly flaring, fully as long as the femora and distinctly longer than the tarsi. Length (9) 17.5 mm.; width 9.7 mm. Chile. [Podalgus lillosus Burm.] *villosus Burm. In both nasutus and villosus the maxillary galea is clearly tri- dentate as in normal Ligyrus, but in my single example of fossor the galea is not exposed to view. The prominent surface of the pronotum toward the middle apically in villosus, is an opposite 208 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA extreme to the foveate form prevailing generally in the genus; perhaps the two shallow impressions sometimes seen near the pro- notal apex in nasutus may be an analogous modification. Neither Burmeister nor Bates makes any allusion to the deep concavity extending throughout the width of the head between the eyes in nasutus. Oxygrylius n. gen. There are but few structural differences between this genus and Ligyrus, but two of these seem to be rather important — the single acute denticle of the clypeal apex and the more or less reduced posterior tooth of the mandibles. In general bodily habitus it is a counterpart of Ligyrus and also resembles it in the well developed stridulating area on the under surface of the elytra, but the thoracic fovea is constantly larger, deeper and is always at least partially rugose at the bottom. The genus is not of very wide distribution, inhabiting the region from the lower Rio Grande valley to the tip of Lower California, so far as now known, and there are a number of species, which however, as in all the allied genera, bear a close mutual resemblance, so that care is requisite in studying them systematically. The three forms now at hand are the following: Posterior tooth of the mandibles evident, though much reduced in size, obtuse 2 Posterior tooth obsolete 3 2 — Body stout, more pyriform-oval, very convex, polished, dark rufous in color, not paler beneath ; head nearly black, very densely and strongly, rather coarsely punctato-rugose, abruptly smooth at base, the carina high, feebly sinuate medially and not attaining the sides; clypeus extremely densely and more finely rugose and dull, trian- gular, almost three times as wide as long; mentum flat, rather closely punctate and setose, gradually pointed anteriorly, the point obtuse; posterior mandibular tooth not half as high as the middle tooth, rounded, the first and second very acute; prothorax two-thirds wider than long, the sides almost evenly rounded, becoming very con- vergent apically, parallel basally, the basal angles, from above, only very narrowly rounded; fovea rather large, rounded, a third the total length, deep, rugose, the tubercle prominent; punctures everywhere fine and sparse; scutellum wider than long, ogival, very minutely, remotely punctulate, with an irregular line of larger punctures parallel to the edges; elytra large, a fifth longer than wide, parallel, circularly rounded in apical two-fifths, a fourth wider than the prothorax and two and one-half times as long, the punctures in series nearly as in Ligyrus and small, confused and sparse postero- DYNASTIN^E 209 externally; pygidium shining but not very smooth, extremely mi- nutely, remotely punctulate, with some stronger close punctures toward the ends and, at the middle near the a-pex, having a circular arrangement of the very feeble rugulosity; hind tibiae not very stout, as long as the femora, the tarsi rather stout, much shorter than the tibiae. Length (9) 16.8-18.2 mm.; width 9.5-10.8 mm. Texas (Del Rio), — Wickham and El Paso — Dunn. Ringgold Barracks — LeConte. [Ligyrus ruginasus Lee.] ruginasus Lee. Body much more slender, not quite so large, more obscure rufous to cas- taneous in color and not quite so shining; head nearly similar but with the dense rugulose punctuation rather less coarse; prothorax similar in form and in the fine, very sparse punctuation, the sides arcuately , incurving more toward base, becoming feebly subprominent ante-medially and strongly oblique and converging apically; basal angles rounded; scutellum as in ruginasus; elytra more cylindrical, with the punctures of the double series more close-set throughout; pygidium of the female similarly with a feeble apical convexity, finely, feebly and sparsely punctate; tibiae similar; tarsi nearly black. Male stouter than the female, the elytra more evidently wider than the prothorax, the sides of which are rather more evenly arcuate; pygidium more evenly convex, almost similarly and very feebly sculptured. Length (3 9,2 cf ) 16.0-16.8 mm.; width 9.0-9.7 mm. Arizona (southern) pimalis n. p. 3 — Body smaller, rather less convex, more cuneiform, stout, strongly- shining and bright castaneo-rufous; head smaller, blackish, the dense rugulosity coarser but more shallow, the sculpture of the clypeus finer, feebler and much sparser than in any other; clypeus with the apex gradually more strongly reflexed; prothorax as in ruginasus, relatively smaller and with the anterior pit less developed, more shallow, more transverse and less rugose, the tubercle similarly prominent and acute; scutellum similarly finely, sparsely punctate throughout, except at the edges; elytra barely longer than wide, much inflated posteriorly and there fully two-fifths wider than the pro- thorax, circularly rounded in about apical two-fifths; punctures as in ruginasus, the series not so definitely impressed and having the punctures well separated; general punctures very sparse, almost wanting on the central intermediate interval and apical half of the subsutural; pygidium of the male very smooth, evenly convex and very minutely, remotely punctulate, more impressed near the lower oblique margins than in the other species; hind tibiae notably slender and rapidly expanded medially and apically as usual, fully as long as the femora and a little longer than the tarsi. Length (cf1 ) 14.8 mm.; width 8.8 mm. Lower California (San Jose del Cabo). peninsularis n. sp. In all the species the sterna are densely punctured and conspicu- ously pubescent, the post-coxal prosternal process herissate with long setae throughout as in Ligyrus, and the large post-coxal plate is very shining, smooth, finely, sparsely punctate along the base T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 210 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA and toward the sides, the punctures bearing stiff erect hairs, the apex wholly smooth to feebly punctulate. Pseudaphonus n. gen. In this genus the general form of the body is somewhat as in Ligyrus, though in most species more pyriform, but it differs in the still smaller head, in which the transverse reflexed apical ridge is almost at the extreme apex, less removed therefrom than in Aphonus or Orizabus and is never bilobed; the clypeal apex in front of the carina bears a very dense porrect fringe of pale setae. The mentum is nearly flat, rather narrow, gradually obtusely acuminate, moderately punctate and setose throughout. The mandibles must be very minute, as I am unable to perceive the slightest vestige of them in any of my examples, nor of the maxillary galea; careful dissection would be necessary in order to describe the mouth-parts, which differ so completely from those of Ligyrus as to suggest the propriety of a separate tribal group for Pseuda- phonus, Aphonus and Orizabus, as previously suggested. The legs and tarsi are nearly as in Ligyrus but rather longer and more slender, the anterior tibiae always tridentate, similar in the sexes and more obtuse at tip as in Aphonus, but they may be reduced by wear to a pointed semi-edentate condition. The sterna are are similarly pubescent, but the post-coxal process of the prosternum is shorter, more slender, more acuminate and less pubescent, being always in part nude, though never at the apex. Sexual differences are exceedingly feeble and the male is relatively rare ; it differs from the female only in its slightly shorter form, in having the last ventral a little shorter, with its apex broadly and feebly sinuate and the lower marginal beading of the pygidium less thick, the pygidial apex more angulate, but the surface does not differ much in convexity or sculpture. The base of the prothorax is immargi- nate and strongly lobed medially throughout. The species are rather numerous, disseminated over the southern Rocky Mountain regions and far to the southward in Mexico, where at least one species has been described by Mr. Bates under the name Cheiro- platysfairmairei. Our species, so far as known to me, are as follows: Body distinctly pyriform, the elytra greatly exceeding the prothorax in width. .2 DYNASTIN/E 211 Body oblong-oval, the elytra relatively less broad, never more than a fourth or fifth wider than the prothorax 3 2 — Outline but slightly pyriform, moderately shining, dark castaneous throughout; head notably small, barely more than a fourth as wide as the prothorax, finely, closely punctate, the tubercle rather strongly elevated and acute, otherwise as in pyriformis, the clypeus almost similar but apparently with the apical carina much less rapidly reflexed and thicker, entirely worn down in the type; prothorax shorter, three-fifths wider than long, widest near basal third or fourth, the sides thence converging and arcuate to the apex and converging to the basal angles, which are broadly obtuse but scarcely at all rounded; sculpture throughout very nearly as in pyriformis; scutellum similar but more deeply impressed along the median line basally; elytra almost similar in form though scarcely a third wider than the prothorax and much more than twice as long, the punctures similarly rather large and well separated, very shallow, umbilicate and abruptly defined, the subsimilar regular series barely at all impressed; pygidium similar but with the lower marginal bead less broad, likewise separated from the disk by a fine groove; last ventral rather more strongly arcuate medially but finely, rather closely punctate, with smooth hind margin. Length (9) 15.0 mm.; width 9.0 mm. Colorado (the locality unrecorded) . . debiliceps n. sp. Outline more strongly pyriform; body much larger in size, very convex, shining, dark castaneous, a litle paler rufous beneath; head less than a third as wide as the prothorax, black, finely, densely punctate and with fine transverse wavy rugae throughout, the tubercle in the form of a low rounded ridge, posteriorly arcuate from a dorsal viewpoint, becoming obsolete at lateral fourth; clypeus trapezoidal, nearly flat, almost three-fourths wider than long, the apical carina thin, strongly elevated and rather posteriorly arcuate from a vertical viewpoint; line of punctures along the outer side of the middle joint of the antennal club fine and widely separated; prothorax widest near basal third, the sides almost evenly arcuate, rather more so basally, more converging and less arcuate anteriorly, the basal angles broadly rounding into the sides; punctures anteriorly rather fine, deep and dense from side to side, gradually becoming well separated, coarse, shallow and umbilicate posteriorly, except toward the middle, where they are even smaller than apically but shallower, wanting along the median line in about basal half; scutellum per- fectly smooth, not impressed basally; elytra large, oval, slightly elongate, the sides arcuate, the apex evenly rounded, two-fifths wider than the prothorax and evidently more than twice as long; punctures disposed nearly as in the preceding species, rather large but very shallow, the series rather distinctly impressed and the punctures externally rather closer and more confused, smaller on the apical declivity; pygidium finely, densely rugulose, not becoming entirely smooth even at the middle apically, the lower beading rather thick and convex. Length ( 9 ) 16.5-18.6 mm. ; width 10.0-1 1.7 mm. New Mexico (Las Vegas and Fort Wingate). Three examples. [Bothynus pyriformis Lee.] pyriformis Lee. 212 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA 3 — Elytra distinctly elongate 4 Elytra short, barely longer than wide, more coarsely and deeply sculp- tured; color bright rufous, the surface polished 5 4 — Color piceous-black, the under surface and legs dark piceous, shining; head very small, a fourth as wide as the prothorax, finely, deeply and densely punctate, the clypeus more finely and sparsely and feebly rugulose; tubercle high, obtuse, rounded, not laterally attenuated though slightly transverse; clypeus trapezoidal, the sides sinuate basally, the apical carina only slightly reflexed, rather deeply sinuate transversely and a little less than half the basal width; prothorax four-sevenths wider than long, widest at basal fourth, the sides strongly converging and feebly, evenly arcuate to the apex, rounding inwardly at base, the obtuse basal angles moderately rounded; apical angles rather sharp, the apical sinus circularly rounded as usual; punctures strong, deep and very dense anteriorly and not different, though less dense, postero-laterad, much smaller and sparse pos- teriorly, the median line punctureless almost throughout and, toward base, feebly impressed; scutellum smooth, very feebly concave medially; elytra oblong, parallel, the sides almost evenly and broadly arcuate, the apex circularly rounded, only about a fifth wider than the prothorax and slightly more than twice as long; punctures widely separated, rather coarse, feebly impressed, the long shallow annuli well defined, the series only very slightly im- pressed; pygidium finely, closely, irregularly punctulate throughout, equally strongly at apex medially, becoming less finely rugulose toward the ends, the lower bead wide, flat, the inner groove inter- rupted at the middle in the type. Length (9) 16.8 mm.; width 10.0 mm. New Mexico (Fort Wingate) ovalis n. sp. Color obscure castaneous, moderately shining, not much paler beneath; head but little more than a fourth as wide as the prothorax, finely, densely punctate and feebly subrugulose, the tubercle transverse and obtuse, obsolete within lateral fourth; clypeus in form nearly as in the preceding, the apex in the type much worn down, the resulting flat surface posteriorly angulate, with a small median sinus at apex, a form seemingly impossible to derive from the apical part of ovalis if similarly worn down; the central tubercle, also, is much thinner antero-posteriorly than in ovalis and laterally less abbreviated; prothorax nearly as in ovalis in form and sculpture, except that the punctures are not quite so coarse and much shallower, the sides at basal fourth more angularly subprominent and the punctureless unimpressed median line more punctate anteriorly; scutellum ogival, perfectly flat and smooth; elytra less elongate, a sixth longer than wide, nearly a fifth wider than the prothorax, the sides less parallel, feebly inflated behind the middle, circularly rounded at apex, the punctures similarly rather coarse, shallow, elongate annuli but not impressed, the series unimpressed; pygidium finely, closely punctato- rugulose, smooth and with minute punctures medially toward apex, the lower bead broad and flat, the groove uninterrupted as usual. Length (9) 16.6 mm.; width 10.3 mm. New Mexico (Santa Fe). repens n. sp. DYNASTIN.E 213 5 — Body oblong-oval, strongly convex, highly polished; head not quite a third as wide as the prothorax, finely, densely and deeply punctate, the clypeus also with fine transverse rugae; tubercle thin antero- posteriorly, acute and extending laterally scarcely at all, being un- usually abrupt; apical carina very thin, vertically and strongly elevated, and, from above, feebly, posteriorly arcuate, its lateral angles not sharp but distinct, right; sides of the middle joint of the antennal club with three or four fine punctures; prothorax more transverse, two-thirds wider than long, widest at basal fourth, where the sides are evenly and strongly rounded inwardly to the very obtuse basal angles, distinctly converging and evenly, very moderately arcuate thence to the rather sharp apical angles, the apex circularly sinuate as usual; punctures anteriorly shallow, um- bilicate, very dense, becoming coarse and confluent toward the sides thence to the base; throughout the width they are much smaller, very sparse but unequally distributed, nearly wanting in a sublateral discal spot; median line in great part punctureless; scutellum very smooth; elytra evidently inflated behind, fully a fourth wider than the prothorax and more than twice as long, the series of well sepa- rated, shallow, annular punctures broadly and conspicuously im- pressed; pygidium finely, closely punctulate and rugulose throughout, subangulate at apex, where the bead is very thick. Male similar to the female just defined but shorter, the head and tubercle similar but the clypeal apex is much broader though similarly carinate,. the pygidium =imilar throughout and angulate at apex, but with the marginal bead much finer; legs and tarsias in the female.. Length (d71 9 ) 14.6-16.5 mm.; width 9.5-10.7 mm. Colorado- (Fort Collins) and New Mexico (Fort Wingate) lucidus n. sp. Besides the division made above, in regard to outline of the body, into pyriform and oblong species, another division might be sug- gested into species with unimpressed or very feebly impressed elytral striae and species with coarsely sulciform striae, the first including all the species excepting lucidus; in the latter species it may be noted besides, that the sides of the prothorax basally project laterally more beyond the line of the elytral humeri in both sexes; this same character prevails among certain forms of Aphonus as well. Aphonus Lee. This genus is closely allied to the preceding, having the same very small head and usually completely concealed mandibles, which are minute, laminate, not dentate externally and with the apex finely pointed and slightly everted, but the transverse carina at the clypeal apex is much more retracted and is always tridentate, the median tooth sometimes smaller and feebler than the lateral; the actual 214 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA apex of the clypeus, in front of the carina, is usually minutely mucronate medially. The maxillary galea is slender and appar- ently has two longer terminal teeth and an outer one more retracted and smaller. The head also differs from that of Pseudaphonus in having no such well marked central tubercle, but usually instead, a simple fine feeble ridge adjoining the clypeal suture. The prothorax differs in being widest at base, generally with distinct, or at least never broadly rounded, angles, but with similar immarginate and medially lobed basal margin. The mentum is more narrowly drawn out at apex, the lower beading of the pygidium less developed and the erect post-coxal process of the prosternum slender, obtusely acuminate and setulose throughout. The pygidium does not differ much sexually, except that it is more convex in the male and its lower margin, as well as the apex of the abdomen, is heavily beaded, both beads generally interrupted medially; the apical abdominal beading is never present in Pseudaphonus. Finally, the body is always much smaller in size and the geographic habitat is very different, Aphonus occupying the moist and well watered Atlantic districts, while Pseudaphonus inhabits the arid mountainous country of the southwestern or Sonoran regions. The species are rather numerous but sometimes closely allied among themselves, so far as general habitus is concerned; those in my collection may be known as follows: Three prominences of the subapical clypeal carina equal among them- selves 2 Three prominences very unequal, the median very small and often com- pletely obsolete; body smaller in size and more abbreviated 10 2 — Form elongate, subparallel, the elytra not distinctly inflated, the color black, obscure ferruginous beneath; integuments only moderately shining to dull in lustre 3 Form stout, the elytra more or less inflated 4 3 — -Body convex; head small, transversely rugulose, it as well as the clypeus coarsely rugose, the rugae bioblique on the latter; subapical teeth rather broadly rounded; prothorax about a third wider than long, the sides moderately converging, evenly and rather strongly arcuate from base to apex, the basal angles from above slightly obtuse, though scarcely more than blunt at apex, rather well defined, the apical rather sharp, the apex circularly sinuate; base immarginate as usual, strongly lobed medially; punctures fine and sparse, stronger laterad and especially strong and close-set toward the apical angles; elytra only very slightly longer than wide, a fifth wider than the prothorax and about three-fourths longer, circularly rounded pos- DYNASTIN.E 215 teriorly, barely visibly wider behind than before the middle, each with seven moderate and subequally spaced, slightly impressed striae, having well separated shallow punctures, the flanks with widely dispersed, smaller, more confused punctures; pygidium (cf) strongly convex, minutely scabriculate, becoming smooth and unevenly, not sparsely punctulate medially and with a deep foveiform concavity at each end, or ( 9 ) less scabriculate, more distinctly and sparsely punctate medially and apically, less convex and without the lateral foveae; hind tibiae notably slender and, in both sexes, longer than the tarsi. Length (cf 9 ) 12.3-14.0 mm.; width 7.0-8.2 mm. Wisconsin (Bayfield) and from an unrecorded locality. Arkansas, — Say. [Scarabtzus tridentatus Say] tridentatus Say Body similarly convex but more elongate and a little more shining, black, the under surface and legs dark red-brown; head scarcely a third as wide as the prothorax, with very coarse but shallow, irregular rugulosity throughout, the transverse carina wholly obsolete; clypeus trapezoidal, short, the reflexed anterior carina fully half as long as the width at base, the teeth obtuse; side margins very finely reflexed; prothorax less than one-half wider than long, the sides rather feebly converging, evenly and not strongly arcuate from base to apex, the basal angles right and well defined, not rounded, the apices merely somewhat blunt; apex circularly sinuate, the base moder- ately lobed medially; punctures small and very sparse in about basal, somewhat stronger and less sparse in apical, half, larger toward the sides, especially so and closer anteriorly; median line with but few punctures; scutellum narrow as usual and longer than wide, ogival, smooth, feebly concave; elytra fully a fifth longer than wide, a fourth wider than the prothorax and more than twice as long, parallel, with almost evenly arcuate sides, the apex rapidly very obtusely rounded; discal striae seven, with two finer sublateral, the striae broadly and distinctly impressed, with moderate, distant, annulate punctures, the second interval alone with an irregular series of coarse punctures, which have the enclosed annuli extremely small; pygidium very transverse, three times as wide as long, shining, blackish, finely scabriculate toward the ends and along the base, elsewhere finely and sparsely punctate, the lower beading widely interrupted at the middle, the abdominal very broad laterally but everywhere feebly defined and wholly obsolete at the middle; legs rather long and slender; male more inflated posteriorly than the female. Length (9 d71) 14.5-15.5 mm.; width 8.1-9.5 mm- Maine (Monmouth), — C. A. Frost elongatus n. sp. 4 — Color deep black throughout above when mature, the under surface piceo-rufous; legs nearly black, long and rather slender 5 Color always pale red-brown, or at least in part rufo-piceous when mature 6 5 — Pygidium in both sexes smooth, polished, feebly but not very sparsely punctate, minutely and feebly scabriculate near the ends and along the base; head and clypeus nearly as in the preceding, only the female having a very fine feeble median vestige of the transverse ridge; prothorax less than one-half wider than long, more trapezoidal, the 216 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA sides moderately converging and nearly straight, becoming gradually rounded and more converging before about the middle; basal angles very distinct, as in the preceding; basal lobe distinct, evenly rounded; punctures strong laterally, sparse (cf ) , rather dense ( 9 ) , in the former close-set anteriorly; medially, the punctures are small and rather sparse, becoming very remote basally; scutellum as in the preceding; elytra not at all (cf1) or but just visibly (9 ) longer than wide, dis- tinctly but gradually inflated behind, a fourth to two-fifths wider than the prothorax and much less than twice as long, rather abruptly and very obtusely rounded at apex, the striae broadly and deeply im- pressed nearly as in the preceding, except that the second interval has only a remotely spaced series of very small feeble punctures, which are wanting in apical half as usual; pygidium (cf) notably convex, strongly arcuate above and with strong entire lower beading, or ( 9 ) much more transverse, shorter, with broadly interrupted lower beading. Length (cf 9 ) 13.5-14.3 mm.; width 8.7-9.2 mm. Maine (Paris) — male, and New Hampshire — female. aterrimus n. sp. Pygidium of the male finely, densely and very evenly rugulose through- out, without trace of smoother area or of any kind of punctuation; body nearly as in aterrimus but with the elytra less broadly inflated, shining, the under surface blackish-piceous; head small as usual, having transversely waving and interlacing, longitudinally widely separated rugulae throughout, with only an extremely fine raised transverse line representing the transverse ridge, the clypeus short and trapezoidal as usual, the three teeth obtuse; prothorax throughout as in the preceding, except that the converging sides from base to apex are evenly and moderately arcuate, the basal angles rather blunter, and that there is an entire punctureless median line; scu- tellum slightly broader, though longer than wide; elytra barely visibly longer than wide, barely a fourth wider than the prothorax and distinctly less than twice as long, not so abruptly or obtusely rounded behind and with more feebly, much less broadly impressed striae, the annuli within the impressed punctures very much smaller, the second interval with more numerous and much coarser punctures and the fourth also with a line of punctures; punctures on the apical declivity similarly confused but even more completely obliterated and shallow; pygidium strongly convex, black, its lower beading broad, flat, entire but with its inner margin irregular, broadly sinuate at each side and feebly so at the middle; abdominal bead strong; legs slender. Length (cf) 14.0-14.3 mm.; width 8.8-8.9 rnm. Pennsylvania densicauda n. sp. 6 — Hind tibiae slender and a little shorter, the tarsi slightly longer, so that the tibiae and tarsi are subequal in length, barely differing in the female. Body stout, less so in the male, very convex and polished, bright though rather dark red-brown, still paler and brighter rufous beneath, the legs obscure rufous, the femora paler; head small, with transversely interlacing and widely separated rugu- lae, the transverse carina represented by a very fine, posteriorly arcuate raised line; clypeus unusually concave, short, trapezoidal, DYNASTIN^E 217 the finely laminiform side margins distinct; subapical carina much more (cf), to correspondingly less (9), than half as long as the basal width, the teeth obtuse; prothorax shorter, more than one-half wider than long, the sides evenly converging and very evenly arcuate from base to apex, the basal angles narrowly rounded, the lobe dis- tinct but gradual in formation; punctures coarser and more im- pressed than in any of the preceding, unevenly distributed, generally very sparse, though becoming rather close-set anteriorly equally throughout the width; median line at least in part broadly puncture- less; scutellum elongate, very smooth, broadly and feebly concave; elytra barely visibly longer than wide, only feebly inflated posteriorly and broadly, circularly rounded at apex, fully two-fifths wider than the prothorax and evidently more than twice as long; series only feebly impressed but composed of well spaced and notably coarse, deeply impressed punctures, each with the usual annulus at the bot- tom relatively small; intervals except 1-3-5, which are a little nar- rower, each with more or less complete single series of coarse and widely spaced punctures; on the flanks toward the sides the punc- tures are more or less uneven, confused and not quite so coarse; pygidium bright rufous, convex and longer in the male, minutely, densely punctulate throughout (cf), or becoming smooth and sparsely punctulate medially (9). Length (cf 9 ) 13-0-13.3 mm.; width 7.9-8.7 mm. Florida (Jacksonville). Three examples. [Bothynus variolosus and Aphonus hydropicus Lee.] variolosus Lee. Hind tibiae longer, the tarsi relatively, or even actually, shorter, not as long as the tibiae 7 7 — Anterior transverse carina of the clypeus high as usual, the teeth broadly obtuse 8 Anterior carina low or wanting 9 8 — Elytra abruptly and strongly inflated posteriorly. Body oblong- suboval, very convex, extremely polished, dark red-brown through- out, except the elytra, which are piceous-black; head rather more than a third as wide as the prothorax, finely, sparsely, transversely rugulose, the clypeus still more loosely, more brokenly and sharply, the transverse frontal ridge very fine but evident almost from side to side; clypeus only moderately short, the apex rather more than half as wide as the base; prothorax large, convex, one-half wider than long, the sides of the base extending beyond the elytral humeri; sides moderately converging, evenly and distinctly arcuate from base to apex, the basal angles barely more than right and not at all rounded, the median lobe strong; punctures strong and very close-set antero-laterad and nearly as strong but less close thence to the base toward the sides, elsewhere small and sparse, becoming still more remote basally, without impunctate line; basal edge smooth and sharply, very rapidly beveled; scutellum fully as wide as long, con- cave; elytra but just visibly longer than wide, the sides converging anteriorly, broadly rounded at apex, at apical third nearly a fourth wider than the prothorax, three-fourths longer; punctures rather small, extremely shallow and annular and in about seven regular, broadly, moderately impressed dorsal lines, the flanks with two 218 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA fine and feeble series, which are obsolete apically; pygidium nearly three times as wide as long, minutely, rather sparsely punctulate, becoming feebly scabriculate at the ends and along the base, the lower bead interrupted; apical abdominal bead very wide laterad but obsolete medially. Length (9) 13.6-14.2 mm.; width 8.5-9.3 mm. Illinois and Michigan congestus n. sp. 9 — Sides of the thoracic base extending very slightly beyond the elytral humeri as in the preceding. Outline oblong-suboval, very convex, strongly shining, rather pale castaneous, the head and pronotum darker and more rufo-piceous; head barely a third as wide as the prothorax, sparsely, transversely rugose, the clypeus very feebly so, the frontal ridge subprominent at the middle, rapidly evanescent laterally; clypeus less abbreviated than usual, rather concave, the subapical carina shorter, only a third as long as the width at base and completely obsolete, the three small erect prominent teeth arising from the level of the general surface behind them, this formation evidently not being a result of wear; prothorax nearly one-half wider than long, the sides evenly and distinctly arcuate and converging from base to apex, the basal angles somewhat blunt at tip, the lobe rather broad and moderate, the bevel of the basal edge convex, not deep or well defined; punctures everywhere shallow and umbilicate, sparse, larger and a little closer antero-laterad, fine and remote through most of the remainder of the disk, with a nearly punctureless median line; scutellum but little longer than wide, obtusely ogival, feebly concave; elytra large, a sixth longer than wide, only feebly and gradually inflated posteriorly, about a fifth wider than the prothorax and twice as long, obtusely rounded at apex; punctures and striae nearly as in the preceding, except that there are apt to be some linearly arranged punctures on the slightly wider alternate intervals and more scattered punctures near the sides, which become obsolescent apically as usual; pygidium rather convex, much less than three times as wide as long, finely, feebly scabriculate, becoming pmooth and with minute, very remote punctures medially and apically; apical bead unusually fine, becoming thick only at the sides, obsolescent at the middle. Length (9) 15.3 mm.; width 9.7 mm. New York (the locality unrecorded) politus n. sp. Sides of the thoracic base not in the least projecting, the general outline of the body much more pyriform. Color dark piceo-rufous, the elytra rather less pale, the under surface and legs pale red-brown; lustre shining; head much less than a third as wide as the prothorax, the transverse rugulosity sharper, stronger and less sparse than in politus, that of the clypeus feebler than on the vertex; base smooth at the middle; frontal ridge fine and feeble but sharp and distinct; slightly sinuate, becoming obsolete far from the sides; clypeus trape- zoidal, distinctly concave, the subapical transverse carina half as long as the basal width, much longer than in politus and feebly elevated, the teeth large and obtusely triangular; prothorax rather less than one-half wider than long, much smaller than in politus and of a distinctly different outline, the converging sides very feebly arcuate, gradually more strongly so and more convergent apically, DYNASTIISLE 219 the basal angles not rounded, only slightly blunt at apex, the median lobe moderate, the beveling of the edge not differentiated ; punctures fine, sparse, a little larger and close-set toward the apical angles and, as usual, larger laterad than medially, with a nearly impunctate median line; scutellum narrow, longer than wide, obtusely ogival; elytra but very slightly longer than wide, moderately inflated just behind the middle, where they are more than two-fifths wider than the prothorax, distinctly less than twice as long; series on the dorsal part about ten in number, by reason of intermediate regular series not present in any of the preceding species, the series impressed, the intermediate less so as a rule, the punctures moderate, the two series on the flanks distinct to the apex; pygidium rufous, nearly as in the preceding but less convex and more transverse. Length (9 ) 14.0 mm.; width 8.9 mm. Indiana modulatus n. sp. 10 — Sides of the prothorax at base projecting laterally a little further than the ends of the elytral base as in some of the preceding species. Body oblong, subparallel in form, dark castaneous, the elytra nearly black in the female; head very small, scarcely more than a fourth as wide as the prothorax, closely, confusedly rugose, smooth throughout at base, the clypeus strongly and transversely rugose medio-basally, concave and nearly smooth broadly toward the sides and apex, the sides oblique anteriorly, becoming nearly parallel basally; subapical carina bidentate, the median tooth obsolete, the teeth larger in the female; transverse frontal ridge obsolete; prothorax nearly three-fifths wider than long, trapezoidal, the oblique sides only feebly arcuate and rounding in at base; basal lobe very broad; punctures small throughout, moderately close-set apically, else- where very remotely scattered; scutellum slightly elongate, very obtusely ogival, feebly concave, smooth as usual; elytra oblong, parallel or very faintly dilated apically, very broadly and obtusely rounded at apex, slightly longer than wide, a sixth (cf ) to fourth (9) wider than the prothorax; punctures rather small, well separ- ated, impressed, with a very minute annulus at the bottom, the three regular pairs of series rather impressed, the intermediate series regular, nearly entire but not so impressed, the punctures broadly confused on the flanks, obsolescent apically; pygidium bright red, minutely, densely scabriculate throughout (cf), or less convex, shorter and with the medio-apical part smooth and finely, sparsely punctate ( 9 ), the lower beading equal, strong and distinct through- out in both sexes; legs slender. Length (cf 9 ) 10.0-10.5 mm.; width 6.7-6.8 mm. North Carolina (Southern Pines), — Manee. trapezicollis n. sp. Sides of the thoracic base not laterally projecting, exactly as wide as the elytral base 1 1 n — Prothorax notably large, the hind tarsi longer, though still distinctly shorter than the tibia?. Body very stout, oblong-suboval, convex, moderately shining, blackish-castaneous, the elytra black when mature, the under surface paler, the abdomen and pygidium bright rufous; head between a third and fourth as wide as the prothorax strongly, confusedly rugose, the entire basal half smooth; clypeus 22o MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA evenly trapezoidal, smoother and concave laterally, the sides nearly straight, arcuate basally, the subapical carina less than half as long as the basal width, strongly bidentate, with an intermediate tooth about half the size of the lateral; prothorax rather more than one-half wider than long, the converging sides evenly and rather strongly arcuate from near the base to the apex, rounding in slightly at base, the angles obtuse and slightly rounded, the basal lobe rather strong; punctures small and very remotely scattered, a little larger and less sparse anteriorly throughout the width, wanting in a small post- central area; scutellum longer than wide, very obtusely ogival, impressed longitudinally; elytra not at all, or barely, longer than wide, a sixth (cf) or fourth (9 ) wider than the prothorax and twice as long, parallel, very feebly dilated posteriorly and very broadly, obtusely rounded at apex; punctures moderate, shallowly impressed, each with a distinct annulus, the series nearly as in the preceding; pygidium very transverse in both sexes, finely, closely scabriculate throughout and strongly convex (cf), or flatter and with a large medio-apical area smooth and sparsely punctulate (9), the lower bead entire, moderate and equal in the former, or medially dilated in the latter, sex; elytra of the male duller than in the female. Length (2 cf, 2 9) 11.0-11.3 mm.; width 7.4-7.7 mm. Alabama (Mobile) saginatus n. sp. Prothorax relatively small; hind tarsi slightly shorter but slender. ... 12 12 — Body small and very stout, gradually rather strongly inflated behind, shining, pale castaneous-red throughout to black above, the anterior parts always at least with feeble piceous tinge; under surface paler, castaneous, the abdomen and pygidium paler; head very small, barely more than a fourth as wide as the prothorax, rugose, smooth at base, the frontal ridge wholly obsolete, the clypeus more feebly rugose, with basally arcuate oblique reflexed sides, concave laterally, the reflexed subapical carina with two large obtuse teeth and a third very minute between them; prothorax not quite one-half wider than long, trapezoidal, with evenly and rather strongly rounded sides, the punctures small and remote, becoming a little larger and less sparse anteriorly; scutellum nearly as wide as long to narrower, very obtuse at apex; elytra generally rather evidently longer than wide, about a fourth wider than the prothorax in both sexes, very obtusely rounded at apex, the sculpture nearly as in the preceding; pygidium (d71) convex, finely, closely scabriculate but with the apex at the middle less densely so, or ( 9 ) less convex and in great part smooth and sparsely punctate, the lower beading never much thickened medially. Length (23 cf, 5 9) 8.5-10.5 mm.; width 5.8-6.9 mm. The male distinctly smaller than the female, which is relatively much less common. Massachusetts and Rhode Island to North Carolina. [Bothynus castanens Mels.; Podalgus obesus Burm.] castaneus Mels. Body not quite as small and very much stouter, oblong, convex, shining, black above, with feebly picescent anterior parts, the under surface and pygidium very obscure piceo-rufous; head not so small, nearly a third as wide as the prothorax, not wavy-rugulose as in castaneus, DYNASTIN/E 221 but closely and irregularly punctate, very smooth throughout at base; transverse ridge obsolete; clypeus nearly similar in outline and lateral structure but with discrete punctures basally, instead of wavy rugulae, the subapical transverse carina strongly bidentate, without trace of a median denticle; prothorax slightly more trans- verse, more than one-half wider than long, the sides converging and strongly, evenly arcuate, rounding in conspicuously at base, the basal lobe broad and moderate; punctures distinct though rather sparse equally throughout the width apically, becoming finer and very remotely scattered thence to the base; elytra not or barely longer than wide, not very distinctly inflated behind, parallel and arcuate at the sides, very obtuse at apex, fully a third wider than the prothorax and a little more than twice as long; sculpture nearly as in the others of this section, the flanks (9 ) coarsely rugose and with a deep marginal gutter for a short distance behind the humeri; pygidium polished, sparsely though distinctly punctate, with inter- mingled minute punctulation, becoming feebly but densely sca- briculate at base and laterally, the lower beading equal and entire. Length (9) 9.8-11.3 mm.; width 6.8-7.5 mm. Two examples, taken near Brooklyn, Long Island cubiformis n. sp. The anterior tibiae are of peculiar structure, nearly similar throughout in this genus and Pseudaphonus, and are not different in the sexes as they are so markedly in Orizabus; they are always purely tridentate externally, very obtuse at apex and the last tooth projects directly outward unusually close to the second tooth and is much reduced in size; in Aphonus the tibia is almost smooth, having merely a line of close setigerous punctures, but in Pseud- aphonus it is stouter and is strongly sculptured. The species denned above are all based upon apparently obvious structural differences and, in spite of their unanticipated numbers, are prob- ably valid; but one is unknown to me and this may be denned as follows by quotation from the original description : Aphonus frater Lee. — Piceous-black, nigro-ferrugineous beneath; head rugose, finely margined, obsoletely elevated on the vertex; clypeus at apex emarginate and mucronate, slightly behind the apex with a transverse elevated tridentate line; prothorax with the sides rounded, punctate sparsely on the disk behind the middle; elytra punctato-striate, the intervals not serially punctate; pygidium punctulate, toward apex nearly smooth, with a few sparse distinct punctures; last abdominal segment with a marginal bead. Length (cf) 16.2 mm. One specimen. New Jersey. There is too little said in this short diagnosis to permit of any useful conclusion in regard to its systematic position ; the length is greater than that of any known to me, but this is possibly over- 222 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA stated, as it is under Aphonus castaneus further on; the male, having a partially smooth and discretely punctate pygidium, un- doubtedly indicates an alliance with the jet-black aterrimus from the colder parts of New England, and it may be placed near that species in the table. Orizabus Fairm. Cheiroplatys Bates nee Hope. It seems better to retain this name for certain American Pento- dontids described by Fairmaire, LeConte and others, and not to transfer the species to Cheiroplatys, as suggested by Bates in the Biologia; we have the testimony of Lacordaire and Fairmaire that the two genera are different, though closely allied, and my observations on the maxillary galea show that there is no marked accordance with the form of that organ in Cheiroplatys as described by Burmeister. The body is stout and oblong or ovoidal, strongly convex, the head small, the clypeal carina placed well behind the actual clypeal apex as in Aphonus and the frontal prominence is variable in form but never very conspicuous. The mentum is strongly punctured and setose and its moderately narrowed ligular part is sharply angulate and slightly deflexed at tip, the angle fitting loosely into a deep emargination of the short thick labrum. The mandibles are small, thin, laminate, slightly concave, more or less ciliate on the rounded and edentate outer margin and are completely hidden as a rule; only when widely open, can they be seen protruding slightly at the sides of the clypeal apex. The post-coxal process of the prosternum is very densely setose through- out as in Ligyrus and the sterna are similarly conspicuously pubescent. There has been considerable divergence of opinion regarding the maxillary galea, LeConte and others observing that the apex is bidentate, while each of these apical teeth is declared to be duplex by Bates. There are only very few of my examples in which the galea is exposed and in these the tip is rather plainly tridentate as in Ligyrus, but the three teeth are not in the same plane, the plane of the outer two making a considerable angle with that of the inner two, so that at certain angles only two teeth can be seen. Although allied to Aphonus, this is a very isolated generic type DYNASTIN^E 223 and the only American Pentodontid having the pronotum differently modified sexually, but its affinities are so clearly in harmony with Ligyrus in certain habital features, that it cannot be placed among the Oryctini under the present definition of that tribe. Its com- ponents have been the source of much confusion and misconception since the original species was described by LeConte under the name Aphonus clunalis, which, however, he correctly surmised was not its proper generic position. Then G. H. Horn described two species, apparently without suspecting that either had any close relationship with clunalis Lee., an unexplainable oversight. Finally, as stated above, the genus was confounded with the Australian Cheiroplatys by Bates, because of a number of suggestive resemblances. The largely unwarranted synonymy, not only here but in Ligyrus, introduced by Mr. Bates, caused that author to unite two distinct genera, as on plate 18 of the Biologia, figure 23 is said to represent the male of Cheiroplatys fairmairei, though it can plainly be seen to be a Pseudaphonus allied to pyriformis Lee., which was originally described as an Aphonus, the genus differing radically, among other ways, in having no trace of sexual modifications of the pronotum and in its very small head; figure 24 is said to be the female of fairmairei, which it evidently cannot be, but is the female of a true Orizabus, the female in Aztecalius being strongly pyriform; nor does figure 20 represent the female of a species in any way closely allied to cultripes, correctly depicted in figure 19; the legend at the bottom, referring to figure 20, evidently .should be 9 and not " cf •" One curious result of all this confusion is the fact that the largest and bulkiest species of Orizabus yet discovered, and apparently the most abundant of all, is still without a name. The trouble is due in some measure to the close mutual resemblances, not only between species but between genera in this part of the tribe. That true species bear these mutually close inter-resem- blances can be demonstrated by the ample series which I have taken time to bring together; it is only by comparing series that specific differences become obvious in many cases. There are two rather distinct subgeneric groups in Orizabus, which may be defined as follows: Front centrally tuberculate; clypeus arcuate at tip, the post-apical carina bilobed; female similar in general form to the male, the latter having the anterior tibiae evenly arcuate externally, the female tridentate. Group I 224 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Front not tuberculate but with an even transverse ridge; clypeus truncate at apex, the post-apical carina straight and even, not bilobed; male with the anterior tibiae unisinuate externally, tridentate in the female; body smaller in size and differing sexually in form, oblong or pyriform ( 9 ) ................................ Group 1 1 The second of these groups occurs only in the tropical regions of Mexico, where it replaces the more northern typical Orizabus. Group I. Subgenus Orizabus in sp. The type of this group is the generic type Orizabus cultripes Fairm., of which I have only a single female; it is distinguished from any of those described below by having the basal bead of the pronotum obsolete, though sometimes feebly traceable in the sub- lateral impressions of the basal margin; otherwise it harmonizes very well with more northern species of the snowi type. In all of the species here defined the basal bead is entire and well developed. The anterior tibiae of the female, in recently emerged examples, are very strongly tridentate externally, the apex somewhat less obtuse than in Aphonus and Psetidaphonus and the last tooth rather more oblique, but through wear, the tibiae frequently assume such a shape that it is difficult to trace their original outline even approxi- mately. The species may be defined as follows: Apical pronotal impression (d71) very large arid deep, extending laterally through about half the entire width and longitudinally through half the length. Body very large and stout, oblong, subparallel, convex, shining, dark castaneous to black above, bright and pale red-brown beneath; head (c?) between a third and fourth as wide as the prothorax, coarsely and densely punctato-rugose, broadly impressed transversely between the eyes, the tubercle strong and abrupt, with two fine raised lines extending outward obliquely from its base; trapezoidal clypeus more than twice as wide as long, the straight sides abruptly and strongly lamellately elevated, the high subapical carina strongly bilobed; antennal club a little shorter than the stem; prothorax three-fifths wider than long, the sides rounded and converging anteriorly in about apical, straighter and feebly convergent posteriorly in about basal, half, slightly sinuate near the base, the basal angles moderately rounded, the median lobe broad, the beading strong and entire; punctures coarse and close-set anteriorly, more asperulate in the oval depression, coarser and very confluent toward the apical angles and, to a less extent and deeper, posteriorly toward the sides, elsewhere finer, becoming obsolete medially; apical tubercle very high and abrupt; scutellum rather DYNASTIN^E 225 wider than long, acutely ogival; elytra a fifth or sixth longer than wide, parallel, barely at all inflated behind, broadly and circularly rounded at apex, a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax and not quite twice as long, the stride coarse and impressed, including large and very shallow, close-set annular punctures, confused externally and closer apically, the alternate intervals only partially punctate; pygidium shining, very minutely, sparsely punctulate, becoming closely subrugulose only at the lateral ends, the lower beading thick and entire; hind tarsi stout, much shorter than the tibiae, the basal joint and, to some extent, the second, obliquely produced externally. Female nearly like the male though rather more elongate, the clypeus less transverse, the tubercle less elevated or abrupt; pronotum with- out impression, the tubercle represented only by a minute angulate posterior enlargement of the apical beading, the punctures anteriorly less coarse, though strong and more or less confluent antero-laterad; elytra similar but about a fourth wider than the prothorax and twice as long; pygidium nearly as in the male but still more completely sculptureless; abdomen punctured only near the sides. Length (6 cJ\ 7 9) 22.5-27.0 mm.; width 12.8-15.7 mm- New Mexico (Albuquerque) and Texas (El Paso). Not uncommon. ponderosus n. sp. Apical pronotal impression (cf) much smaller, only a fourth to barely a third the total width and much less than half the entire length; body narrower and smaller in size 2 2 — Hind tarsi rather stout and moderately developed as usual; elytra always distinctly elongate and not or scarcely inflated posteriorly. .3 Hind tarsi notably small and slender; elytra but little longer than wide, inflated at apex and there much more conspicuously exceeding the prothorax in width 4 3 — Body much narrower and more elongate, very feebly inflated pos- teriorly, not very shining, castaneous, the anterior parts more black- ish, the under surface obscure castaneous; head fully a third as wide as the prothorax, finely and densely rugulose, the tubercle abrupt, the subapical carina broadly bilobed; prothorax shorter, more than one-half wider than long, the sides broadly and feebly rounded, more strongly and more rapidly converging ante- riorly, slightly oblique at base, the basal angles very obtuse and moderately rounded, the bead thick and entire; tubercle moderate, rather broad, the impression small and very feebly impressed, in- definitely limited, about a fourth the total width and not a third the length, the bottom impunctate but dull; punctures elsewhere an- teriorly coarse, very rugosely confluent, less coarse and confluent at the sides, very fine, feeble and sparse discally; scutellum ogival, with strongly arcuate sides and a short canaliculation at apex in the type; elytra longer than usual, a fourth or fifth longer than wide, a sixth wider than the prothorax and much more than twice as long, sculptured nearly as in snowi, the pygidium nearly similar but with the coarse gutter at the middle of the apex much more abruptly formed, not continued laterally as it is in that species and with the T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 226 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA oblique sides also finely subrugulose, as well as the ends. Female similar but a little larger and longer, the elytra a fourth wider than the prothorax, which has moderately strong, confluent sculpture anteriorly, the tubercle represented by a posteriorly ascending and obtusely angular expansion of the apical beading; head nearly as in the male, the oblique sides of the clypeus barely at all elevated; pygidium less convex, more punctulate laterally and with the mar- ginal groove not dilated medially. Length (c? 9 ) 18.8-20.0 mm.; width 10.5-11.0 mm. New Mexico (Jemez Springs), — Woodgate. fontinalis n. sp. Body larger in size, oblong, convex, piceo-castaneous, somewhat dilated posteriorly; head densely, rugosely punctate, very finely margined; clypeus rounded and submucronate at apex, armed slightly behind the tip with a strongly elevated, bidentate line; frontal suture dis- tinctly sinuate and with a small median tubercle; prothorax strongly rounded at the sides, moderately punctate, the disk nearly smooth toward base, having behind the apex a small fovea and, at the apex, a very short tubercle; elytra punctato-striate, the punctures ex- ternally smaller and confused; propygidium more finely punctate [than in Aphonus tridentatus and castaneus], smooth at apex and without any transverse rugae; pygidium smooth, moderately convex; abdomen with a single transverse series of coarse punctures on each segment, the last segment finely margined; hind tibiae thicker than in Aphonus, the transverse crest at the middle prolonged externally into an acute tooth; "maxillary galea bidentate." Length 23.7 mm. Arizona. (A single specimen probably found in the Gila Valley). [Aphonus clunalis Lee. (cf); Orizabus ligyroides Horn (9 ) — Arizona (Morrison)] clunalis Lee. Body nearly similar; thoracic fovea of the male less than a third of the total width and length of the pronotum, sometimes faintly lon- gitudinally divided, or with its hind margin slightly prominent medially; subcylindric, only slightly dilated posteriorly, castaneous, throughout, shining, the dense hairs beneath pale yellow-brown; head (cf ) rather less than a third as wide as the prothorax; rugose, the tubercle moderate, at the angle formed by two fine oblique ridgelets; clypeus trapezoidal, not one-half wider than long, convex along the middle, thence feebly concave to the sides, which are barely at all elevated; apex flat, arcuate, not mucronate, the post- apical carina notably high and strongly bilobed; prothorax rather more than one-half wider than long, evenly rounded at the sides, which are rather more converging apically, converging and straight basally and widest at basal third of the median length, the basal angles very obtuse but not much rounded, the median lobe broad and rounded, the bead broad and strongly defined throughout; punctures antero-laterad very coarse and confluent, less so poster- iorly along the sides, gradually becoming fine and sparse inwardly, very minute in the concavity and obsolescent medially; impression deep, transversely oval, the tubercle moderate, its anterior face smooth, flat and inclined, being a prolongation of the flat apical bead; scutellum wider than long, smooth, ogival; elytra about a DYNASTIN.E 227 fourth longer than wide, broadly rounded at the not very obtuse apex, nearly a fourth wider than the prothorax and somewhat more than twice as long, the coarse striae gradually more deeply impressed internally, having large shallow annuli, finer externally and confused apically; pygidium convex, smooth, minutely, sparsely punctulate, becoming coarsely but feebly rugulose laterally and more finely basally, the apical gutter at the middle not deep or abrupt, caused as usual by the more abrupt convexity of the surface behind it; hind coxal plates punctured and conspicuously pubescent through- out. Female nearly like the male but rather narrower and more elongate, the pronotum at apex with a mere vestige of the tubercle, caused by a feeble angular enlargement of the apical beading, the punctures generally smaller, sparser and less conspicuous, than in the male, as is usual; pygidium flatter but almost similarly sculptured. Length 19.5-22.5 mm.; width 11.5-13.0 mm. New Mexico (a male and female taken by F. H. Snow and probably forming part of the material serving for the original description),, also Cloudcroft (three females taken by Mr. Knaus), and a pair taken, by Wood gate at Jamez Springs; also Mexico (Chihuahua — two- females taken by C. H. T. Townsend) snowi Horn 4 — Body ovoidal in form, convex, shining, castaneo-rufous; head fully a third as wide as the prothorax, transversely rugose, the fine sinuous raised line marking the clypeal suture expanded and feebly tumulose at the middle; clypeus with the oblique sides straight, only very finely and feebly elevated, the surface flat, the subapical carina only moderate, its medial sinus cutting almost to the base; prothorax: barely one-half wider than long, the sides rounded and much more parallel than usual, more rapidly converging at apex, the basal angles very obtuse, the bead only moderate and not so sharply defined at the middle; punctures fine and very sparse, obsolescent medially, becoming rather strong and closer apically, though well separated even antero-laterad; scutellum as long as wide, very obtusely ogival and rounded at the sides, smooth as usual but with traces of a fine impressed median line; elytra inflated behind and broadly, rather obtusely rounded at apex, fully two-fifths wider than the prothorax and much more than twice as long, the sculpture nearly as in snowi; pygidium shining and smooth, nearly flat, almost three times as wide as long, finely but distinctly, sparsely punctured, less finely and subcoalescently near the lateral ends, the apical bead flat, equal, well defined, bearing a series of coarse punctures medially; margin of the expanded apex of the hind tibiae perfectly even as usual. Length (9) 17.7 mm.; width n.o mm. Mexico (Sierra Madre Mts., Chihuahua), — C. H. T. Townsend. . *parvitarsis n. sp. Organs of stridulation are probably wholly wanting as in Aphonus, the propygidium being minutely and remotely punctulate and sparsely pubescent. The pygidia seem to be rigidly connate, except at the sides, where the suture becomes much coarser and deeper, this structure also being as in Aphonus, as well as the Euro- 228 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA pean Pentodon. In ponderosus the teeth of the maxillary galea are long, subequal, very sharply pointed and sharply angulate along their upper inner sides, while in snoivi, as representing the clunalis type, they are thicker, decidedly more obtuse at apex, not longitudinally carinulate and are more unequal, the outer tooth being much shorter than the two inner. The lobes of the subapical clypeal carina are frequently found worn entirely away, leaving two scar-like surfaces surrounded by fine elevated rims, due to the fact that the interior substance of the carina is softer than the polished exterior surface, but at first it seems difficult to account for the peculiar finely margined appearance of these eroded surfaces. The above description of clunalis Lee., is derived directly from the original and it will be observed that in the original descriptions of both clunalis and snowi, the anterior impression of the pronotum is said to be small, which could not be even approximately correct language if the reference were to the thoracic impression of pondero- sus; but it is probable, nevertheless, that Mr. Fall had ponderosus in mind, and not the true chmalis,'m his description of Cheiroplatys verticalis, which, however, because of the crenulated apex of the hind tibiae, does not belong to this genus but to Xyloryctes, under which it will be again brought to notice. Group II. Subgenus Aztecalius nov. This subgeneric group has for its type the Orizabus isodonoides of Fairmaire, abundant in the regions about the City of Mexico. There are several species or subspecies, as can be seen from the material in my collection, but, being unable to identify the typical species of Fairmaire, it would be unsatisfactory to undertake any differentiation of them at the present time. The female in this subgenus is in appearance very unlike that of the female of Orizabus proper, being strongly pyriform, almost exactly as in both sexes of the genus Pseudaphonus; it was probably this that misled Mr. Bates in assigning fairmairei (Pseudaphonus} to the genus Cheiro- platys (Orizabus}. DYNASTIN.E 229 Anoplognatho Rivers. Aphonides Riv. This is the most aberrant genus discovered thus far among the American Pentodontids, not only in the mouth parts and sexual differences in the pygidium, but in its Q-jointed antennae, with a subglobular club, having its basal joint large and the outer two not attached at its base but successively beyond, the third joint not half as large as the first, its general structure being exactly as in the European Pentodon. In external features the head is very much as in Ligyrus or Aphonus, and has a high transverse frontal ridge and trapezoidal clypeus, with the apex obtusely acuminate, somewhat as in Anastrategus , with one section of which the peculiar antennae also harmonize, but the mandibles are distinct and strong, attached near the sides of the base of the mentum, enlarged apically, ciliate on the outer side except apically, where they are expanded, widely visible from above, with the outer contour broadly rounded or subtruncate. The mentum is moderately acuminate and deflexed at apex and is coarsely, densely punctate and setose through- out. The last palpal joint is also aberrant, being almost perfectly cylindric, with very obtuse apex. There is nothing remarkable about the body in general, the sterna being moderately pubescent, the post-coxal process of the prosternum small and concealed in a dense brush of long stiff hairs as in Ligyrus and the abdomen with the usual single series of punctures on each segment, the pronotum completely unmodified on the disk in either sex, the legs rather slender, of a purely Ligyrid type, the anterior tibiae tridentate in both sexes; but the moderately flaring apex of the posterior tibiae is coarsely and irregularly crenulate as in Xyloryctes, and the pygidium of the male is very convex, extremely large and with very even surface, while that of the female is of ordinary dimensions, transverse and strongly, transversely swollen near the middle, very much as in Anastrategus which follows. The female otherwise does not differ greatly from the male, except that the body is very much smaller in size. The basal joint of the hind tarsi is much less pro- longed externally at apex than in any of the preceding genera, again approaching Anastrategus. In many ways Anoplognatho serves in fact as an intermediate between the Ligyrid or Aphonid types and Anastrategus, notwithstanding that the pronotum is 230 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA unmodified in any way by impressions or tubercles, being perfectly simple as in the Cyclocephalids. I have not been able to determine whether stridulating organs are present or not. There is but a single described species as follows: Male oblong, strongly convex, gradually feebly inflated behind, casta- neous to blackish, the anterior parts black, strongly shining; head evidently more than a third as wide as the prothorax, very coarsely punctato-rugose, the transverse ridge entire, gradually more ele- vated medially, very precipitous behind but forming the sloping clypeus in front, the slope continuing to the moderately upturned and narrowly truncate tip, the clypeus short, strongly trapezoidal, with slightly sinuate sides; antennae moderate, thick, the club re- latively very small, scarcely longer than thick; prothorax nearly three-fourths wider than long, the sides rather strongly, evenly rounded, more convergent apically than basally, the base broadly arcuate medially, not impressed near each side and with a thick entire marginal bead; punctures coarse apically, very coarse and confluent antero-laterad, elsewhere very sparse though still moder- ately coarse and somewhat deep; scutellum as wide as long, extremely obtusely ogival, with rounded sides and some scattered coarse punctures; elytra a sixth longer than wide, not abruptly rounded behind, widest behind the middle and there fully two-fifths wider than the prothorax, fully two and one-half times as long, each with three discal and one sublateral double series of very small and feeble punctures, the two inner costulae slightly convex, all the sculpture •extremely fine, feeble and subobsolete, except on the broad second interval, where the confused punctures are sparse, coarse, moder- ately impressed and subrugose; pygidium evenly and strongly convex, two-thirds as wide as the elytra, two-thirds wider than long, strongly arcuate above, smooth, with fine dense punctulation at the lateral ends and a few coarse punctures scattered near the base; propygidium everywhere finely but deeply, densely and rugulosely punctate, the suture deep and free throughout. Female smaller and rather narrower than the male, polished, black in color, castaneous beneath, the sculpture of the same character as in the male but everywhere less accentuated and, on the elytra, almost obsolete; basal bead of the pronotum broadly obsolete medially; scutellum more rugose at base; pygidium two and one-half times as wide as long, feebly arcuate above, with close-set and strong punctures everywhere except on the transverse, prominently convex surface which slopes rather abruptly apically from just below the middle of the length, the apical margin finely, rather abruptly reflexed, the surface nowhere pubescent; last ventral long, broadly subangulate at apex. Length (cf) 24.8, (9) 21. o mm.; width (cT) 13.2, (9) 11.5 mm. Arizona (Tucson), — Wickham dunnianus Rivers An extended account of this genus was given by Mr. Rivers (Bull. Cal. Acad., 2d ser., I, p. 100), based upon El Paso specimens, DYNASTIISLE 231 taken by Mr. G. W. Dunn, but the generic name was subsequently changed to Aphonides, because of the previously published name Anoplognathus; I hold this change of name to have been un- necessary and, besides, Aphonides is much less suitable. In my single pair the maxillary galea is not visible, but the author states that it is broadened apically, rounded, unarmed and ciliate. The last palpal joint in the El Paso specimens, as indicated by the drawings, is very much stouter than in the Arizona examples above described and the basal joint of the antennae very much larger and longer, but I am unable to state whether or not this may be due to inaccurate observation. The connection between the pygidia is perfectly free throughout the width in this genus. Anastrategus n. gen. The large species constituting this genus have hitherto been con- sidered as a section of Strategus, of the tribe Oryctini, but there are so many affiliations with the Pentodontini, through Bothynus, in general habitus and Anoplognatho, in the transversely and sub- medially tumid pygidium of the female, that the necessity for placing the group in the present tribe, under which circumstance it must receive a special generic name, seems to be rather evident, although it differs from Strategus only in a single important char- acter, which is the absolute asexuality of the pronotal modifications. In fact, the distinction between the Pentodontini and Oryctini, as at present drawn, may be considered so essentially artificial, that the assignment of purely subordinate value to the Pento- dontini, as merely a group of the Oryctini, suggested by LeConte, may be the proper solution of the question, or else the erection of several tribal groups in addition to the Pentodontini and Oryctini. The body is oblong or subcylindric-oval, the head as in Strategus, the pronotum with an oval anterior depression and apical tubercle, exactly as in Orizabus, except that it is precisely similar in the sexes and that the tubercle is wholly independent of the flat apical beading, which in Orizabus extends upward and forms the anterior face of the tubercle. The mentum is of the usual Pentotomid type, the ligular part moderately constricted and rounded at tip, and the entire surface is generally punctured and setose. The mandibles are large and heavy, greatly exposed at the sides and almost as in 232 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Anoplognatho, except that they are tridentate externally as in Ligyrus, the middle tooth becoming very large in the cessus type, almost eliminating the two lateral teeth, which become greatly diminished in size. The apex of the clypeus is obtusely acuminate and moderately upturned, the transverse frontal ridge inconspicuous and generally divided. The post-coxal process of the prosternum is moderate and bristles with setse throughout as in Ligyrus, the pro- notum always with a strong marginal bead at base as in Strategus, and the pygidium differs in the sexes, sometimes very distinctly. The propygidium is always transversely though moderately sculp- tured, and stridulation is usually evident. The hind tibiae are as in Strategus, the outer side at tip being deeply sinuate, the bottom of the sinus variously modified. The anterior tibiae are quadri- dentate as in Strategus, and the upper tooth is always feebly de- veloped; the basal joint of the hind tarsi is slender, also as in Strategus, and not produced obliquely at apex as in Orizabus; Anoplognatho is intermediate in this respect. The elytra have each a coarse deep subsutural stria, which is sometimes flexed outwardly at base along the scutellum. The species are rather numerous, although only two have been described and they are distributed from the more southern Atlantic coastal regions to northern Mexico. Those in my collection may be known as follows; they are divisible into two distinct groups, inhabiting different zoological regions: Antennal club nearly as in Pentodon and Anoplognatho, its joints suc- cessively diminishing in length; mandibles broadly obtuse and lobi- form externally, the lateral teeth feeble or obsolete; body broader, more oblong, less convex and less shining. Sonoran regions 2 Antennal club with its joints of equal or subequal length as in Strategus; mandibles strongly tridentate, though less strongly in the female; body more oval, convex and shining, of more pallid coloration and smaller size. Atlantic regions 7 2 — Body larger in size, at least 30 mm. in length 3 Body very much smaller 6 3 — Elytra gradually and but very feebly inflated behind 4 Elytra more or less conspicuously inflated behind . . . -. 5 4 — Pygidium (9) with the transverse ridge slightly above the middle, the surface thence to the base rather densely and rugosely punctate and pubescent. Body oblong, broad, rather strongly convex and shining, black, the under surface and legs bright red-brown; sternal vestiture abundant but rather short, erect; head rather more than a third as wide as the prothorax, coarsely, confluently punctate DYNASTIN.E 233 throughout, the anterior canthus of the eye very moderate; transverse ridge high, bilobed; clypeal apex not very obtuse; mandibles concave dorsally as usual; mentum very coarsely punctate; prothorax unusu- ally transverse, fully two-thirds wider than long, the sides oblique and feebly arcuate in anterior half, parallel and feebly arcuate posteriorly to the very broadly rounded basal angles; base broadly, feebly arcuate medially; concavity deep, circular to transversely oval, about a third the width and half the length of the pronotum, very coarsely rugose; punctures coarse and slightly separated laterally, subconfluent along the base sublaterally, very coarse, rugose and confluent antero-laterad, elsewhere less coarse and widely separated; median line feebly impressed; tubercle low, obtuse and binodulose; scutellum broadly ogival, obtuse at tip, smooth; elytra nearly a fourth longer than wide, only a fifth or sixth wider than the prothorax and nearly two and one-half times as long, very evenly and circularly rounded behind from very near the middle of the length, each with several impressed lines and with rather small sparse punctures throughout, sometimes larger and irregularly impressed near the suture basally; pygidium smooth and glabrous in the concave lower part, the apical margin dilated at the middle and with close-set irregular punctuation and pubescence; last ventral, except apically, and the penultimate medially, moderately and rather closely punctate, the segments with the usual single entire lines of small setigerous punctures. Length (9) 31-0-35.5 mm.; width 17.0-19.0 mm. Arizona and New Mexico. Five examples. [Strategus cessus Lee.] cessus Lee. A — Pygidium ( 9 ) with the transverse ridge still further above the middle. Body as in cessus but a little more elongate, the anterior canthus of the eye larger and more prominent, the prothorax less abbreviated and the elytra rather longer, more evenly parallel, more deeply sinuate medially at base, broadly rounded behind in barely apical third and with the sculpture less obsolete, there being in about inner third and basal two-thirds rather large though feebly impressed and transversely subrugose punctuation; last ventral segment completely impunctate and smooth though finely, closely punctulate along the basal margin, the penultimate with only a few fine punctures medially. Length (9) 33-8 mm.; width 18.0 mm. A single example, without indication of locality but probably from New Mexico cavicauda n. subsp. 5 — Body broad and oblong, deep black, strongly shining, pale castaneo- rufous beneath; head (cf ) nearly two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, very coarsely punctato-rugose, the clypeus less coarsely, the trans- verse ridge strongly elevated, feebly sinuate medially, not attaining the sides; clypeal apex feebly upturned, unusually acute; anterior tooth of the mandibles distinct but broadly rounded, the posterior obsolete; prothorax fully three-fourths wider than long, the sides strongly rounded, becoming straighter and very oblique anteriorly, the basal angles broadly rounded; depression a third the total width and half the length, oval, very deep, the bottom coarsely but shal- lowly punctato-rugose, the tubercle broadly and evenly obtuse at 234 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA tip, rather strongly elevated but gradually evanescent laterally; punctures small and very sparse, becoming coarse but not dense along the base, except medially, and also anteriorly between the fovea and the apex; scutellum moderate, obtusely ogival, very smooth; elytra only between a fifth and sixth longer than wide, widest and evidently dilated at about apical third, a fourth wider than the prothorax and but slightly more than twice as long, very obtusely rounded in only about apical fourth of the length; three double sets of im- pressed lines sufficiently evident, but the sculpture otherwise is almost completely obsolete, consisting of excessively minute remote punctulation, stronger and closer on the apical declivity below the umbones; pygidium large, nearly smooth, a little more convex above than below the middle, closely punctured and pu- bescent at the lateral ends and also toward base throughout the width; hind tarsi slender, very nearly as long as the tibiae. Length (d") 32.5 mm.; width 18.7 mm. Mexico (Tepehuanes, Durango), -Wickham *durangoensis n. sp. Body nearly as broad but more pyriform. moderately shining, black, the elytra dark castaneous, the under surface and legs pale and bright rufous; head (cT) rather more than two-fifths as wide as the pro- thorax, strongly and densely punctato-rugose, the clypeus equally coarsely so but more discretely, the clypeal apex rather broad and very obtuse; transverse ridge less coarse or elevated than in the preceding but otherwise nearly similar; anterior ocular canthus prominent, somewhat angulate posteriorly toward tip; mandibles with the anterior tooth very distinct, rounded, the posterior also rather evident though very obtuse; prothorax not three-fifths wider than long, widest at about the middle, the sides thence very feebly converging to the narrowly rounded basal angles and strongly con- verging anteriorly, the apical sinus feebly arcuate medially — trans- verse medially in the preceding; cavity large and deep, more than a third the width and about three-fifths the length, coarsely but shallowly vermiculato-rugose, this sculpture also extending laterally to the anterior angles; surface elsewhere sparsely, rather unequally and distinctly punctate, the punctures becoming very coarse and subconfluent basally, the median line deeply impressed toward base; tubercle moderate, strongly binodulose; scutellum wider than long, smooth, very obtuse; elytra scarcely an eighth longer than wide, much expanded behind basal two-fifths and fully three-sevenths wider than the prothorax, circularly rounded in fully apical half; sculpture nearly as in the preceding, except that even the three double sets of fine impressed lines are barely evident; pygidium large, slightly more than twice as wide as long, the upper half broadly convex and in great part finely punctured and pubescent, the lower half obliquely sloping but barely at all concave, nearly smooth, though with rather coarse remote punctures toward the apex, becoming confluent at the lateral ends; hind tarsi evidently shorter than the tibiae. Length (cf) 33.0 mm.; width 18.2 mm. Arizona (probably southern). Levette collection, .inflatus n. sp. 6 — Oblong, feebly inflated behind and subequally in the sexes, shining, DYNASTIISLE 235 black, pale castaneous beneath; head (cf ) two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, unusually short, very coarsely, densely punctato-rugose, the clypeus much less coarsely and rufescent; concavity between the eyes distinct; clypeal apex rather acute but not distinctly reflexed, having two fine, posteriorly diverging carinse, with a concavity be- tween them; prothorax nearly three-fourths wider than long, the sides broadly rounded, becoming straighter and strongly converging in about anterior half, the basal angles rather broadly rounded; concavity deep, moderate, a third the width and half the length, at a distance from the apex equal to a fourth to third its own length, its sculpture, as well as that of the general surface, somewhat as in inflatus, the tubercle small, feeble, very obtuse and generally feebly bifid; scutellum moderate, smooth, with a few coarse punctures at base; elytra a fifth longer than wide, broadly inflated behind the middle, the sides thence rather obliquely and moderately rounded to the apices, which are individually rounded, a third or fourth wider than the prothorax and much more than twice as long, the sculpture nearly as in the preceding species but stronger, especially toward the sides, where the series of moderate punctures are rather conspicuous; pygidium much shorter and more transvere than in the two preceding male types, convex and pubescent in about basal third, thence sloping and nearly smooth to the apex, which is some- what sinuato-truncate at the middle. Female distinctly larger than the male and a little stouter, otherwise nearly similar, except that the frontal ridge is stronger, the clypeal apex simple, acute and more upturned, the pronotal sculpture similarly disposed but everywhere much coarser and more conspicuous, the elytra less punctate on the flanks and the pygidium a little shorter, with the transverse ridge above the middle very strongly elevated, the surface below it deeply concave, the apex evenly arcuate and less heavily beaded, the middle part of the apical bead punctured and setose (cf1), or nude (9). Length (2 cf, I 9) 25.0-27.8 mm.; width 13.7-15.2 mm. Arizona (Prescott), — Oslar tantalus n. sp. 7 — Hind tarsi longer, subequal in length to the tibiae, the basal joint almost as long as the width of the scutellum. Body elongate-oval, very convex, polished, pale and bright red-brown equally above and beneath; head two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, everywhere extremely coarsely punctato-rugose, gradually very shallowly so toward the clypeal apex, which is broadly and obtusely rounded, the dorsal part between the fine raised margins acuminate, with the apex reflexed; transverse ridge slightly tumid, feeble and indefinite, not interrupting the rugosity; prothorax scarcely more than a third wider than long, the sides very evenly rounded throughout, gradually more converging anteriorly, the basal angles broadly rounded; base strongly beaded, broadly, feebly lobed medially, the apical sinus broadly arcuate medially; impression circular, deep, rugose in very coarse wavy lines, not a third the total width but half the length, the tubercle strong, disrupting the neighboring apical bead, its apex binodose; punctures moderate and sparse laterally, the sculpture anteriorly taking the form of long coarse wavy rugulosity, enclosing 236 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA minute punctures; nearly the basal half of the disk is smooth, having only extremely minute and remote punctulation, except a few coarse ruguliform punctures along the base; scutellum smooth, parabolic; elytra a fifth longer than wide, circularly rounded in more than apical two-fifths, the sides thence parallel to the base, not inflated, only very slightly wider than the prothorax and less than twice as long, smooth and sculptureless, except the sutural stria, a few feeble vestiges of fine discal lines and a feeble punctuation on the apical slope below the umbones; pygidium almost evenly and strongly convex, strongly transverse, the upper margin transverse, descending laterally, the surface in basal third coarsely, confusedly punctate and with erect hairs, near the ends becoming much less coarsely and more sparsely punctate, otherwise smooth, excepting a few coarse setigerous punctures near the lower margin. Length (9 ) 29.5 mm.; width 15.3 mm. Florida (Kissimmee) cognatus n. sp. Hind tarsi much shorter than the tibiae, the basal joint much shorter than the width of the scutellum 8 8 — Depression of the pronotum having the form of a rounded fovea, equally well defined on all sides. Body oblong-suboval, shorter and stouter than in the preceding, with much shorter prothorax, similar in coloration and lustre; head (cf ) a third, or ( 9 ) two-fifths, as wide as the prothorax, coarsely rugose, not distinctly concave and sometimes with rather discrete coarse punctures, the clypeus always less strongly rugose, especially toward apex, which is nearly as in the preceding; mandibles (cf ) with the middle tooth broader than the anterior and twice as high, or ( 9 ) smaller, not differing much from the anterior; base of the head smooth and punctureless as usual; prothorax one-half to nearly three-fifths wider than long, widest just behind the middle, the sides rounded, gradually more converging anteriorly, the basal angles moderately rounded; base strongly beaded, broadly, feebly lobed medially; apex almost evenly sinuate, not arcuate medially as in cognatus; depression variable in size, from very small and feeble to a third the total width, extending to the middle of the length; sculpture throughout nearly as in the preceding, the tubercle variable, sometimes rather high and pointed, in other cases very moderate, with the apex more binodulose, always lower, more obtuse and less developed in the female, a tendency toward the Oryctini; scutellum obtuse, smooth, with numerous coarse close-set punctures on the broad basal slope; elytra shorter than in cognatus, not or but very slightly longer than wide, more broadly rounded at tip, relatively wider, fully a fourth wider than the pro- thorax and about twice as long, similarly almost completely devoid of sculpture; pygidium (of) less than three times as wide as long, almost evenly convex, more flattened apically toward the sides but not medially, smooth, punctured and pubescent basally ; propygidium with close transverse strigilation and usually a cluster of hairs medi- ally, this being probably part of a stridulating apparatus, or ( 9 ) much shorter and more transverse, sometimes nearly four times as wide as long, the surface not differing much but usually relatively more convex basally. Length (3 cf, 3 9) 26.5-29.4 mm.; width DYNASTIN/E 237 13.7-16.5 mm. North Carolina (Southern Pines) to Florida (Jack- sonville). [Scarabceus splendens Beauv.] splendens Beauv. Depression of the pronotum very shallow, not defined at the sides. Body larger, much stouter, darker castaneous in color, paler rufous beneath, strongly shining throughout; head (9 ) not over a third as wide as the prothorax, having a coarsely reticulate rugulosity, mingled with distinct punctures, not concave, the smooth base embossed as usual; ridge feeble but distinct, broadly divided; clypeus sculptured like the vertex but less coarsely, the apex as in the two preceding; mandibles with the two anterior teeth much more unequal than in the female of splendens, the middle tooth broadly and obtusely prominent but less so than in the male; prothorax differing greatly in outline, trapezoidal, with evenly and distinctly arcuate sides, widest near the base, the angles broadly rounded, the apical sinus even, transverse medially; sculpture as in the two preceding species, the apical tubercle low, feeble and obtuse but nearer the beading than in splendens, the latter having the bead intact, while here its posterior edge is disrupted opposite the tubercle; scutellum coarsely, closely punctate on the steep basal slope; elytra broad, parallel, with more arcuate sides than in the preceding, only very little longer than wide, obtusely rounded in apical third, nearly a third wider than the prothorax and twice as long, the sculpture obsolete as in the two preceding; pygidium short and very transverse, almost four times as wide as long, in surface and in sculpture nearly as in splendens; broadly arcuate apex of the last ventral with a small apical lobe, which is separated from the general surface by a trans- verse area of eroded punctuation bearing a cluster of hairs, these hairs continued along the apical margin to the sides; in splendens there is a similar arrangement but without a projecting median lobe. Length (9) 29.0 mm.; width 17.4 mm. North Carolina (Southern Pines), — Manee carolinensis n. sp. The pygidium is not so different in the sexes in the splendens type as in some of the species of the cessus division of the genus, where in such forms as durangoensis and inflatus it reminds us very much of the conditon observable in Anoplognatho; this is another fact tending to prove the close affiliation of that extraordinary genus with the Strategid, rather than the Aphonid, section of the Penta- dontid — Oryctid series, although the prothorax has no trace of modification in either sex. Durangoensis is different from any of the species described by Dr. Kolbe from nothern Mexico (Berl. Ent. Zeit., 1906, p. 14). Strategus adolescens, beckeri and fallaciosus belong, however, to the present genus, and a mere glance at the photographs given by the author, will convince one that two distinct genera are involved among the forms now included under Strategus. 238 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Tribe ORYCTINI. If we divide the genus Strategics as indicated above, separating those species having no cephalic or pronotal distinction of the sexes, under the name Anastrategus — and it is difficult to see how under the present definition of the Pentodontini any other consistent course could be taken, — there is absolute continuity between the Pento- dontini and the Oryctini, but in outward habitus there is so pro- found a difference between the species of the two tribes, due to the conspicuous sexual peculiarities of the male in the latter, that the desirability of segregating them into two tribal groups, even though a somewhat arbitrary procedure, can be maintained with much plausibility. The pronotal modifications of the male in Strategus, even in the most depauperate stages, is of an entirely different character from that seen in either sex of Anastrategus, and I am therefore rather surprised to find Strategus mormon interposed between splendens and cessus, by Dr. G. H. Horn in his short review of Strategics (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., 1875, p. 145), mormon being truly a Strategus in its thoracic modifications. North of the Mexican boundary in North America there are but two genera of this tribe, which is however represented by several additional genera in the tropical faunas ; the former may be defined as follows : Head as in the Pentodontids, without a corniform process in the male; mandibles strong, much exposed, tridentate; mentum evenly convex, generally strongly punctate and setose; prothorax with three erect horns in fully developed males; hind tibiae sinuate externally at apex. [Type Scarabmis aloeus Linn.] Strategus Head with a strong erect horn in the male, the prothorax wholly unarmed in that sex; clypeus obtuse, reflexed and bilobed; mandibles much smaller, more conceded, feebly bilobed at tip; mentum deeply ex- cavated at base; hind tibiae 'not sinuate externally at tip, the flaring apex evenly truncate but distinctly crenulate. [Type Geotrupes satyr us Fabr.] Xyloryctes I regret that my arrangement of the Pentodontini forces me to place Xyloryctes after Strategus, for its female bears a very sug- gestive resemblance in many ways to the female of Orizabus; however, this is rather a minor point, for Strategus is still more closely allied to Anastrategus and Bothynus. Strategus Hope. The body in this genus is generally very large and heavy, though some of the less developed males of the ant&us group become very DYNASTIN.E 239 moderate in point of size. The head is of the usual very moderate size and coarse rugose sculpture, the clypeus finely pointed to broad and sinuato-truncate at tip, and the frontal ridge is obsolete or represented by two small and feeble tubercles. The mandibles are well developed and variably tridentate, frequently less strongly so in the female; the antennae are of the usual lo-jointed type, with the 3-jointed club regular and not as in Pentodon. The pronotal cavity of the male is very large and deep, and the lateral extremities of its posterior margin are elevated into conspicuous corniform processes, which, in the less developed males, become nearly as in the female, where the cavity differs from that of Anastrategus in having its posterior margin abrupt and transversely crescentic, not continuous in any way with the lateral and anterior margins of the depression; the apical tubercle of all the preceding genera is here greatly extended upward in the fully developed males, especially those of the antceus group, forming a long curved horn, and the cavity is frequently devoid of all sculpture in the fully developed males, but in successively more depauperate individuals there is an increased invasion of the rugose sculpture so fully developed in the females. The pygidium is never much larger in the male than in the female, where the transverse convexity is often more developed, the entire plate being as in Anastrategus; the legs and slender hind tarsi, with undilated basal joint, are also as in that genus, and the post-coxal process of the prosternum is densely herissate with erect setse as in Ligyrus. Our species are assignable to two groups, which, as in the case of Anastrategus, are essentially geographic, but in this case subgenerically different, as follows: Body larger in size, more elongate and more convex, the cephalic tubercles evident; mandibular teeth very unequal and broadly rounded; two posterior horns of the prothorax generally shorter and broader, though sometimes as in the next group; external sinus of the posterior tibiae with a single shorter tooth at the bottom and with two long setae; sutural stria always deep and distinct Group I Body smaller, much more abbreviated and less convex, the cephalic tubercles obsolete, the mandibular teeth high and prominent, less unequal among themselves in the female as a rule, the posterior pronotal horns more slender, the sutural stria of the elytra frequently obsolete, the external sinus of the hind tibiae crenulate at the bottom and with more numerous and shorter setae Group II The first of these groups is represented by many species and sub- species from Louisiana to southern Brazil, while the second is confined 240 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA to the southern Atlantic parts of North America and the Antillean regions. Group I. Subgenus Strategus in sp. All the species of this group occurring in the Sonoran and Central American faunas, excepting jugurtha Burm., are of the aloeus and julianus types, and they are rather more numerous than hitherto supposed. They are generally large, broadly oval and of a cas- taneous color, the head and prothorax usually of a darker tint, though a few females at hand are almost completely black above. They all have the clypeus rather broadly and angularly sinuate in the male, while in jugurtha it is acuminate, and in that species the posterior thoracic horns are longer and more slender, so that it does not belong properly to the aloeus section of the subgenus. The various species are as follows, the descriptions being from the male when at hand : Basal joint of the hind tarsi broader than the following as usual and flattened, but subparallel and never having its external angle prolonged 2 Basal joint much shorter, more triangular, its external angle obliquely and strongly produced as in Xyloryctes, the body in general features harmonizing very closely with julianus 8 2 — Hind tarsi moderately slender; mandibles (9 ) with the middle tooth large, very obtusely rounded, occupying at least half the total length of the exposed part of the mandible and generally much more. . . .3 Hind tarsi very slender distally; mandibles (9) with the middle tooth relatively much smaller though rounded, occupying much less than half the total length; eyes more developed; body smaller in size. . .7 3 — Front with the usual two well separated tubercles 4 Front with two postero-inwardly oblique ridges, meeting at the anterior end of the punctureless median anterior prolongation of the basal smooth area of the head 6 4 — Hind tarsi unusually long, as long as the tibiae; pronotal ridge almost obsolete, barely traceable. Body (d*1) large, very stout, oblong-oval, shining, black or nearly so, obscure castaneous beneath, the tarsi black; head nearly as in julianus but having the tubercles small, rounded, abrupt and more widely separated, the broadly and obliquely bilobed apex of the clypeus strongly upturned; middle tooth of the mandibles very large, high and rounded, larger than in julianus; prothorax nearly similar in form and sculpture, except that the rugosity extends unmodified entirely across the large cavity; apical process not binodose or but very finely and imperfectly; scutellum rugose, the margins smooth; elytra broader, barely longer than wide, rounded at apex behind the middle, the surface as in DYNASTIN/E 241 jiilianus, the pygidium also similar, the hairs forming however a single broadly aggregated line at some distance from the base; metasternum wholly impunctate medially, even at the anterior margin, punctured broadly antero-laterally as usual; legs very stout, the anterior tibiae with more strongly developed teeth, the uppermost small, however, as usual. Thoracic ridge lower than in jiilianus. Length 47.0-48.0 mm.; width 23.0-25.0 mm. Colombia to the Amazons. Two moderately developed males, taken at Para, Brazil, by C. F. Baker *aloeus Linn. Hind tarsi much shorter, not as long as the tibiae, the legs rather less stout 5 5 — Body stout, oblong-oval, shining, piceous-black, the elytra and under surface much paler, castaneous-red; head nearly two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the tubercles rounded, very widely separated, the clypeus not rugulose but with distinct and widely separated rounded punctures throughout, becoming smaller and closer at the sides, the middle mandibular tooth large, high and rounded; antennal club well developed, much longer than the six preceding joints, 'its first jointonly moderately angularly prominent on the lower face at the middle, the anterior slope with dense erect hairs, which however are extremely short; prothorax two-fifths wider than long, fully as wide as the elytra and four-sevenths as long, the oblique sides toward apex broadly, feebly sinuate; cavity very smooth and polished throughout and without trace of a longitudinal ridge in about its posterior half; the entire surface of the pronotum is devoid of any trace of rugulosity, except the usual two transverse areas at base; posterior processes not so broad as in julianus and with their apices more oblique, at an angle of 45°, the apical horn evenly reflexo-arcuate, more than twice as long as the head, obliquely flattened at the sides and with the apex feebly binodulose; scutellum nearly smooth in about apical half and nearly to the base at the sides; elytra but very little longer than wide, nearly as in julianus; pygidium of the usual form, convexity, basal punctures and pubescence, without apical punctures in the type (cf ) ; metasternum punctured and pubescent in less than anterior half, though, as usual, nearly to the base at the sides. Female longer but relatively less stout than the male, much larger than the female of julianus, with evidently more elongate prothorax, having the clypeus not simply punctate as in the male, but with separated asperate rugulosity, the apex as usual more narrowly truncate than in the male and with smaller and less elevated mandibular tooth. Elytra more elongate than in julianus. Length (cf 9 ) 43.0-45.0 mm.; width 22.0-23.5 mm. Texas. A single fully developed male from an unrecorded part of the state and two females, Named in honor of Theodore Roosevelt roosevelti n. sp. Body stouter, the female smaller than in roosevelti, black, with dark cas- taneous elytra to black throughout above, paler castaneous beneath, polished ; head as in the preceding, and smooth at base except that the sparse punctures of the clypeus are replaced by moderate rugulosity, which is sometimes mingled with very minute sparse punctulation, the T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 242 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA apex similarly upturned, broad and biobliquely sinuate; antennal club not quite so large but similarly pubescent; prothorax about two-fifths wider than long, the oblique sides apically not or scarcely sinuate, the bottoms of the divided cavity and the external surface about the base of the short, very broad posterior processes, coarsely undulato-rugose; the elevated longitudinal ridge, which completely divides the cavity, is smooth but becomes more or less rugose on its posterior part in the moderately developed males, where the extent of thoracic rugulosity is more extended; in the least developed males all trace of this ridge is lost, the strongly rugose cavity being virtually as in the female, though with the apical horn distinctly longer; posterior processes about half the length of the arcuate apical horn; basal areas of rugosity rather large in all classes; scutellum very strongly rugose except broadly toward the sides and toward apex; elytra barely to distinctly longer than wide, about as wide as the prothorax — slightly wider in the less developed males — but much to slightly less than twice as long, rounded in about posterior half, smooth, with a few fine and feebly impressed lines and some feeble but distinct, rather coarse punctuation, especially laterad; pygidium nearly as in the preceding; metasternum variable in extent of punc- tuation. Female slightly narrower than the male, the prothorax smaller though less transverse and more distinctly narrower than the elytra, the cephalic tubercles generally more approximate as in the least developed males, the clypeal apex, however, is more narrowly truncate than in any male, and the rugulosity of the clypeus is stronger than in that sex. Length (lief, io9) 34.0-47.0 mm.; width 18.0-24.5 mm. Mississippi (Vicksburg) to western Texas (El Paso) and southward to Central America. Abundant, the fully developed male rare julianus Burm. 6 — Outline rather narrower, blackish, the prothorax nubilously rufescent at the sides, the elytra dark castaneous, the under surface bright rufous, shining; head rather small, about a third as wide as the pro- thorax, the rugosity strong and coarse, less strong and more trans- versely wavy on the clypeus, the minute intermingled punctulation obsolescent, the gradually strongly upturned apex broadly, bi- obliquely sinuate, the larger mandibular tooth rounded; antennal club very moderate; prothorax shorter than in julianus, three- sevenths wider than long, the oblique sides apically not only not sinuate, but scarcely straight, being just visibly arcuate; sculpture and cavity throughout as in julianus, except that for the same stage of development the longitudinal ridge is more obsolete, being very feeble, rather vague and as densely sculptured as the rest of the surface; in the type, the erect apical horn has its apex rather acute and not binodulose; scutellum with the usual very coarse anterior rugosity; elytra fully a sixth longer than wide, slightly wider than the prothorax and about twice as long, rounded in posterior half, the surface very smooth, without even a trace of fine impressed lines, the sutural stria distinct but not so coarse or deep as usual; pygidium as usual, the basal punctuation and pubescence rather dense, extending almost to the basal margin; posterior coxal plate DYNASTIN^E 243 strongly, closely punctured throughout; mentum evenly and strongly convex, the punctures medially smaller and sparser than toward the sides. Length (cf) 34.0 mm.; width 17.2 mm. Honduras (San Pedro Sula). A single male, at or a little under the median stage of development *frontalis n. sp. 7 — Body more oval and smaller in size than in any other of this section of the subgenus, convex, shining, pale castaneo-rufous above and be- neath, the head and anterior parts of the pronotum more obscure; head larger, slightly less than one-half as wide as the prothorax, with somewhat larger eyes than in the female of julianus and others, they being separated by but little more than twice their own width, the rugosity dense, coarser basally, the base very evenly and trans- versely, abruptly smooth and polished; tubercles strong, rounded, separated by two-fifths the interocular width; clypeus narrowly truncate and feebly though abruptly reflexed at tip; mandibles with the two anterior teeth distinct, the posterior occupying nearly half the entire edge but only very feebly arcuate; antennal club as long as the preceding six joints; prothorax relatively smaller and especially shorter than in the allied species, one-half wider than long, the apical sinus broader and shallower than usual and nearly three- fifths as wide as the base, the outline, sculpture and impressions other- wise nearly as in the female of julianus and others; scutellum similar; elytra more oval, more strongly rounded in fully apical half, slightly longer than wide, almost a third wider than the prothorax and slightly more than twice as long, the nearly sculptureless surface as usual, except that, toward the sides, feebly defined series of very small punctures become evident; pygidium as usual, very short and trans- verse, strongly, transversely tumid submedially and punctured and pubescent above, the hairs very long and stiff; hind coxal plates sharply reflexed peripherally, near which the coarse separated punc- tures are replaced by fine, close, subscabriculate sculpture. Length (9) 30.0 mm.; width 16.5 mm. Texas. A single specimen. tarsalis n. sp. 8 — Body oblong-suboval, stout, convex, shining, black, the elytra very dark castaneous, the under surface paler; head well developed, more than two-fifths as wide as the prothorax, the eyes separated by barely twice their width, the rugosity basally, as well as on the clypeus, consisting of widely separated small asperulate elevations; tubercles rounded, high, separated by one-half the interocular width; clypeal apex obtuse, nearly as broad as the distance between the tubercles and strongly, evenly arcuate, gradually and very moderately re- flexed; mandibles externally nearly as in the female of julianus, the middle tooth a little higher; antennal club not as long as the pre- ceding six joints; prothorax throughout nearly as in Julian us, except that the oblique sides, before the rather narrowly rounded median arcuation, are broadly and feebly but more obviously sinuate; scutellum similar but more sharply ogival, with less arcuate sides; elytra as in julianus but broader, more than a fourth wider and four- fifths longer than the prothorax, rounded in less than apical half; pygidium of the usual form but with the transverse tumidity less 244 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA obtuse at the summit and nearer the base, the concave apical part with numerous strong punctures bearing long setae, the apex trun- cate and broadly, flatly beaded medially; hind tarsi fully as long as the tibiae, the joints after the first longer than usual, the second joint but very little shorter than the first; met-episterna with strong ir- regular imbricate sculpture throughout, not discretely punctured as they are in julianus. Length (9) 42.5 mm.; width 21.2 mm. Panama (Culebra), — Gaillard. A single example*. . *gaillardi n. sp. I found julianus attracted in abundance to the electric lights at Alexandria, Louisiana, on June I, 1901, during some very hot weather. In the complete stage of the male in this genus the thoracic cavity is always smoother than in the incomplete stages, but in that species the rugulosity is, in the complete stage, always distinct and never entirely wanting as it is in roosevelti. Although the clypeus is always smoother in the complete male, the sexual difference in the sculpture of this part occurring in roosevelti is very remarkable and cannot be observed in any other species; in the incomplete stages of julianus (cf), the clypeal rugosity is about as strong and dense as in the female and identical in char- acter, but it is much feebler in the fully developed stage of the male; in the female type of gaillardi, the sculpture of the entire surface of the head is peculiar, being in the form of small and widely sepa- rated, sharp elevations, and, in this species, the clypeal apex is much broader than in the female of julianus and the eyes much larger. In the type of tarsalis, the external sinus at the apex of the hind tibiae is devoid of any trace of the usual medial tooth and there is but one long seta; I cannot discover any such departure from the normal among the other twelve species in my collection, the largest of which is the Brazilian centaurus, described by Kolbe, of which I have one female; the elytral punctures are strong and conspicuous in this species, obsolescent suturally and apically, * In naming this species in honor of my old friend and corpsmate David Du Bose Gaillard, it affords me an opportunity to express my deep regret that he should have been denied the gratification of witnessing the completion of the great canal-cut at Culebra, which would have crowned so fittingly a life of exceptional usefulness to his country. Both Colonel Gaillard and his amiable wife, to whom he was devotedly attached, took a lively interest in nature from every point of view, and I owe many interesting specimens, casually found by them, to his thoughtfulness and generosity. Only a few weeks before the fatal illness came upon him he gave a delighted circle of friends, at the Cosmos Club in Washington, a most entertaining account of what he and others had accomplished on the Isthmus of Panama. DYNASTIN^E 245 and there are three or four regular double series of more close-set punctures, the series completely unimpressed. Group II. Subgenus Strategodes nov. The species of this subgenus can be distinguished at onoe from all those of Strategus proper by the smaller and broader, rather less convex body, higher and more slender mandibular teeth, more slender, generally much longer and more curved posterior horns of the prothorax, general absence of the sutural stria of the elytra and other features, giving to them a marked peculiarity of habitus. In the structure of the apex of the hind tibiae the two groups are radically different; the crenulation of the external sinus sometimes becomes nearly obsolete, but in all cases the four stiff setae remain in their full normal development. Mormon Burm., although a re- markably isolated species, is a member of this subgenus quite unmistakably, or else constitutes a special subgenus allied theretot and why it should have been associated more particularly with splendens, which, excepting in the strong sutural stria, it resembles, in scarcely any other than a superficial way, is not easy to under- stand. The species are rather numerous, those in my collection being as follows: Elytra without a sutural stria, except at and near the apex; middle tooth of the mandibles differing sexually, moderately high and slender in the male, much shorter in the female 2 Elytra with a coarse and deep entire sutural stria; middle tooth of the mandibles very long and slender and similar in the sexes 8 2 — Sides of the prothorax toward apex not or only very feebly sinuate. . 3 Sides deeply or at least very distinctly sinuate toward the apex, which is sometimes almost subtubularly produced 7 3 — Posterior thoracic horns widely diverging. Body large, oblong, polished, black, the elytra blackish-castaneous, the under surface paler, castaneo-rufous, the legs and tarsi slightly more obscure; head small, very coarsely, densely rugose, smooth at base, the tip of the clypeus smooth and with sparse punctures; front with a fine, feebly elevated, transverse and irregular raised line, not attaining the sides; clypeus at apex not reflexed, the apex broadly rounded, with a very acute reflexed median angulation: middle mandibular tooth about twice as high as wide, rounded at tip; antennal club not as long as the preceding six joints, the under face of its first joint evenly convex, not medially angulate as in the preceding subgenus; mentum convex, extremely coarsely punctate and subrugose, with 246 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA erect setae; prothorax transverse, fully two-thirds wider than long, inflated and rounded at the sides, the latter very strongly oblique before the middle, becoming feebly sinuate to the apex, which is only two-fifths as wide as the base; apical horn long, strongly recurved toward apex, the tip very acute, abruptly flattened on its anterior face, finely and sparsely punctate, the two posterior horns feebly arcuate, slender, acutely pointed and two-thirds as long as the apical, having very minute sparse punctures throughout the general surface, which is completely devoid of rugosity, except at the sides near the base of the horns and very narrowly along the basal margin laterally; cavity smooth, polished, divided by a large convex ridge, forming a prolongation of the convex surface of the anterior horn; scutellum ogival, smooth, with coarse discrete punctures at base; elytra fully as wide as long and rounded in less than posterior half, as wide as the prothorax and three-fourths longer, smooth, with very minute sparse simple punctulation, having two or three discal and a sutural feebly impressed line, the sutural becoming a deep stria in apical third or fourth; side margins with a rather coarse smooth gutter, the flanks near the base with two submarginal impressions; pygidium less than three times as wide as long, very convex, sub- asperately punctate and with coarse hairs in about basal third; post- coxal plate with rounded external angle and irregularly scattered punctures; tibiae spurs very large and long; hind tarsi shorter than the tibiae, the basal joint slender, nearly three times as long as wide. Length (cf) 35.0 mm.; width 20.3 mm. Gulf states (locality un- recorded). A single fully developed example divergens n. sp. Posterior thoracic horns in fully developed males parallel, though with the usual moderate even arcuation, always finely pointed at tip as in the preceding 4 4 — Upper surface of an intense highly polished black throughout, cas- taneous beneath, the anterior tibiae blackish, notably broad, very strongly toothed, the fourth or uppermost tooth small as usual. Body stout, oblong; head small, much less than a third as wide as the prothorax and, as in the others, relatively smaller than in the pre- ceding subgenus, coarsely rugose but shining, the front unmodified, except by some irregular swirling of the rugae, the convex external slopes of the clypeal apex, which is not at all reflexed, sparsely punc- tate, the apex obtusely rounded, with a minute acute median denticle, the median mandibular tooth as in the preceding but more conical; mentum smoother medially; prothorax in form nearly as in the pre- ceding and similarly sculptureless, except that there is no trace of the rugulosity at the basal margin, there being merely a feeble coarse impression along the basal bead near each side; apical horn still longer, more abruptly and strongly recurved apically, less punctured and more bilaterally compressed; posterior horns three- fourths as long as the apical ; ridge dividing the concavity more sharply rounded than in divergens; there is similarly no trace of rugulosity within the concavity; scutellum nearly similar; elytra even shorter, scarcely as long as wide, barely as wide as the prothorax and but two-thirds longer, the surface similar, except that all discal impressed DYNASTIN/E 247 lines are obsolete and that there are some very small feeble sparse pustules in addition to the minute punctulation; the punctures are very small, closer, distinct and simple at the apical margin and the sutural stria is evident only near the apex and even there fine, irregular and not at all groove-like; marginal gutter curving inward just behind the humeri; intra-humeral basal impression deep; pygidium very short, almost four times as wide as long, otherwise nearly similar; tarsi and the very conspicuous tibial spurs similar. Length (cf) 30.0-34.0 mm.; width 17.5-19.0 mm. Florida. One fully developed male and two in intermediate stage . . atrolucens n. sp. Upper surface castaneous, sometimes blackish but only in the female so far as noted; anterior tibiae moderately stout and dentate; pygidium less transverse, never quite three times as wide as long and some- times much less, the upper margin, as in all the species except mormon, broadly and feebly sinuate medially somewhat as in Bothynus 5 5 — Female with the anterior thoracic concavity more or less shallow, and smaller in size, scarcely ever extending so far posteriorly as the middle of the pronotum. Male, when fully developed, a little less stout than in the two preceding species, oblong, more elongate, polished, the anterior parts a little darker than the elytra and some- times nearly black; head small, less than a third as wide as the pro- thorax, very coarsely rugose, the medial part of the clypeus with only a few sparse and feeble lineiform rugae and some fine scattered punctures; lateral parts of the apex smooth, finely, not densely punctate, the apex broadly and obtusely rounded, not reflexed, with a small obtuse nodule at the middle; front with a medial vortex in the rugosity separating two very feeble, indefinite, irregularly rugose tumidities; middle mandibular tooth as in atrolucens; mentum rather smooth, with smaller sparse punctures medially; prothorax nearly as in atrolucens throughout, but less transverse, scarcely over one-half wider than long; apical horn similarly very long but with the apex rather less strongly reflexed, the posterior horns more broadly thickened gradually toward base; scutellum less transverse; elytra longer, fully as long as wide, fully as wide as the prothorax and nearly three-fourths longer, otherwise nearly similar but less broadly rounded behind; pygidium not quite three times as wide as long, convex and nearly similar to that of atrolucens, except that the confused basal punctures are smaller and the erect hairs much shorter and finer. Males in the less developed stages gradually decrease in size, the apical horn of the prothorax becomes much shorter and is finally but little more than a strongly elevated tubercle, though always at least a little larger than in the female, the posterior horns become very short, relatively broad and finally disappear completely, but the pronotum is never in any marked degree similar to that of the female, the concavity remaining relatively much larger; in the successively diminishing stages the thoracic concavity becomes more and more rugose and finally there remains barely a trace of the dividing ridge. Female very different from the male, darker in color, more broadly oblong and less convex, the head just visibly larger, less 248 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA obtuse at apex and gradually reflexed, sometimes subacute, the man- dibular teeth shorter, the middle one not half as high as in the male; prothorax shorter than in the complete males but similar in outline to that of the incomplete males, coarsely rugose throughout anteriorly and with some rugosity very narrowly along the base laterally, the apical tubercle broadly triangular, with its tip binodose; oblique sides anteriorly not at all sinuate, with the apical angles much more obtuse; elytra shorter, rather wider than long; pygidium shorter, less convex and more extensively punctate, otherwise similar. Length and width of a complete male 31.7 by 18.0 mm., of the incomplete males 24.5- 31.5 by 13.3-17.5 mm., of the female (more uniform in size) 27.0- 30.0 by 14.8-17.3 mm. Florida and the Gulf coast to the westward. Eight d", five 9 . [Geotrupes antceus Fabr.] antaeus Fabr. Female with the anterior thoracic depression much larger and deeper. .6 6 — Male in the fully developed stage smaller and narrower than in antceus, shining, darker castaneous, paler beneath; head nearly similar, except that the middle mandibular tooth, though equally high, is more triangular, its base occupying all or nearly all the external edge behind the small apical tooth; obtuse clypeal apex with a small acute median denticle; prothorax much shorter, fully three-fifths wider than long, the oblique sides anteriorly more sinuate apically and nearly as much so as in semistriatus; cavity divided by the strongly elevated smooth ridge from the base of the anterior horn, which is shorter than in any other species, only feebly arcuate and barely at all longer than the posterior horns, which are not as long as in antceiis; surface smooth but with coarse wavy rugulosity at the bottom of each of the lateral concavities, except on their posterior slopes, and also with a small external rugose area at the foot of the horns, also a very narrow area at base laterad; apex of the apical horn perfectly simple and subacute; scutellum finely, closely punc- tate at base, with some coarser punctures at the hind part of this basal area; elytra slightly longer than wide, smooth, the minute sparse punctulation intermingled with only very feebly elevated minute pustulosity, the fine punctures at apex closer and stronger than in antceiis; pygidium smaller and shorter but otherwise similar. Female narrower than in antceus, dark castaneous to nearly black above; head nearly as in antceus, the clypeal apex even more broadly obtuse than in the male and without the median tooth; middle mandibular tooth nearly as in antceus but broader at base; prothorax nearly as in antceus, except that the depression is two-fifths the entire width, extending posteriorly evidently behind the middle, the apical tubercle with its apex not binodose; oblique sides toward apex similarly not sinuate but rather subarcuate, though with the apical angles less obtuse; elytra not quite so short as in antceus, the pygidium shorter and very transverse. Length (2 cf , 3 9) 28.0-31.5 mm.; width 16.0-17.5 mm- North Carolina (Southern Pines), — Manee; also Alabama (Mobile) pinorum n. sp. Male in the intermediate stage oblong-suboval, convex, shining, dark castaneous, ferruginous beneath; head rather more than a third as wide as the prothorax, nearly as in the preceding species, the very DYNASTIN.E 249 obtusely rounded clypeal apex with a moderate median nodule; it differs, however, in having the median mandibular tooth broad at base and very much less elevated than usual, being in fact but little higher than the basal width; frontal ridge obscurely evident medially; antennal club shorter than in any other species; prothorax more than one-half wider than long, the longitudinally divided cavity limited postero-externally by obtuse elevations, the apical horn short but longer than the posterior prominences; each of the two cavities is rugose except posteriorly, but otherwise there is no trace of rugosity even at base, excepting occasionally a little on the outer slopes of the posterior processes; oblique sides anteriorly broadly and very feebly sinuate; scutellum smooth, punctured at the extreme base only; elytra nearly as wide as long, distinctly wider than the prothorax and three-fourths longer, the sides unusually arcuate, the apex rounded from the middle; surface smooth; pygidium not three times as wide as long, convex, punctured and with coarse hairs basally as usual, elsewhere with minute scattered punctulation. Female much smaller and narrower than in either of the two preceding species, oblong, moderately convex, castaneous; head nearly as in the male, the clypeus similarly broadly rounded at apex, but the mandibular teeth are still more reduced in size as usual; prothorax shorter, two- thirds wider than long, the oblique sides anteriorly straight, the cavity very deep, more abruptly denned posteriorly than in the pre- ceding species, a third as wide as the disk and extending rather behind the middle, the tubercle very obtuse, not binodose; surface much less rugose than in either of the preceding, smooth, rugose in the cavity and thence more narrowly externally to the apical angles; along the basal bead there are some irregular punctures in approxi- mately single line; elytra relatively much longer than in antceus or pinorum, distinctly longer than wide, equal in width to the prothorax and not quite twice as long, rounded behind the middle; pygidium very short and transverse. Length (4 cf, I 9) 24.0-26.0 mm.; width 12.8-14.8 mm. Length and width of the single female 24.8 by 13.8 mm. New Jersey septentrionis n. sp. 7 — Male in the fully developed stage elongate, oblong-oval, narrower than in antcetis, black, the elytra dark castaneo-rufous, the under surface paler; surface highly polished; head a third as wide as the prothorax, very coarsely, unevenly rugose, smooth at base, the region of the transverse ridge somewhat more convex, the clypeal apex throughout finely and sparsely punctate, not in the least reflexed even apically, the apex evenly, circularly rounded and, on the surface, having a short slender carina; middle mandibular tooth long, rather acuminate and almost twice as high as wide; prothorax a little more than one-half wider than long, the apex almost tubulate, half as wide as the base, the three horns unusually slender, the apical feebly, evenly arcuate and barely longer than the posterior; median smooth ridge as usual; surface completely smooth and polished, excepting a small area of rugosity at each side of the base of the apical horn and a very slight amount externally at the base of the posterior horns, also two or three punctures along the basal bead laterad; elytra barely longer 250 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA than wide, equal in width to the prothorax and two-thirds longer; sutural impressed line obsolete, the stria present at apex as a fine unimpressed irregular groove; surface minutely, sparsely punctate, and, except externally, having distinct though minute and feeble pustule-like elevations; pygidium rather more than three times as wide as long, very smooth, punctured basally as usual. Length (cf ) 29.5 mm. ; width 15.5 mm. Alabama (the locality not recorded). sinuatus n. sp. Male in fully developed stage larger and much broader than in sinuatus, being nearly as in antceus in size, color and lustre, the head not quite so large, between a third and fourth as wide as the prothorax, the surface and mandibular teeth nearly as in the latter species, except that there are more distinct vestiges of a transverse frontal ridge; prothorax much shorter, two-thirds wider than long, the sides more strongly inflated medially and, anteriorly, becoming much more oblique to the apical sinuation, which is very much more pronounced than in antceus but not quite so deep as in sinuatus; apex relatively narrower than in either and only two-fifths as wide as the base; horns long, slender and erect, proportioned as in antceus, the apical much longer than the posterior and strongly recurved toward the simple acute tip, the posterior erect but with the usual arcuation rather strong; longitudinal ridge similar; surface smooth and polished, rugose only at the sides of the base of the apical, and ex- ternally at the base of the posterior, horns, also with a moderate amount of rugulosity along the basal bead sublaterally; scutellum as usual; elytra fully as wide as the prothorax and three-fourths longer, barely longer than wide, rounded in posterior half, smooth, with minute sparse punctures, the feeble pustulation indistinct; sutural impressed line distinct throughout, becoming a deep and well defined stria in about apical half; pygidium short and broad, shorter than in antceus and with the upper margin more sinuate, approaching the contour seen in Bothymis; irregularly disposed punctures of the hind coxal plate fine. Length (d") 33.0 mm.; width 18.0 mm. Texas. semistriatus n. sp. 8 — Male oblong-oval, rather convex, polished, bright castaneous, the under surface not much paler; head two-fifths as wide as the pro- thorax, very short, having discrete punctures, sparse along the middle, closer laterally and, in a large dense patch at each side of the vertex, bearing stiff erect setae; clypeus short, with very oblique and deeply sinuate sides, the apex very acute and distinctly reflexed; middle mandibular tooth broad at base but, about half way up, becoming very slender and thence gradually pointed, the anterior tooth much shorter but also narrower than usual; anterior canthus of the eye unusually large and prominent though obtuse; prothorax short, three-fifths wider than long, the oblique sides anteriorly straight, not at all sinuate; cavity large and deep, half as wide as the pronotum and extending to basal two-fifth?, punctureless but without a longitudinal ridge medially, the postero-lateral processes very short, subcariniform, the apical triangular and elevated, very acute at apex; surface with coarse shallow punctures in the depression, DYNASTIN.E 251 except medially, the punctures extending obliquely to the apical angles and thence along the sides to the base; apical bead very wide at the apical angles; scutellum with the basal punctures setose; elytra barely longer than wide, a little wider than the prothorax and very nearly twice as long, rounded in posterior half, having feeble traces of geminate series of fine punctures, the sutural stria deep and entire; pygidium scarcely more than twice as wide as long, very evenly and strongly convex, perfectly smooth, punctured and setose near the base, the basal line evenly arcuate from side to side; hind tarsi very slender, rather longer than the tibiae. Female larger and stouter than the male; head larger but otherwise as in the male throughout, including the mandibles and setae of the vertex, but more densely and coarsely punctato-rugose throughout, the base smooth; prothorax more transverse, the anterior oblique sides similar; surface coarsely rugose in about apical, smooth in basal, half, and with a simple, transversely oval, not very deep anterior concavity, a third the total width and extending to the middle; apical tubercle shorter and more obtuse than in the male and binodulose; scutellum very concave and rugose in basal half, except at the margins; elytra oblong, barely longer than wide, rounded in less than apical half, barely wider than the prothorax and not quite twice a? long; py- gidium much shorter and more transverse but similarly with arcuate upper margin, strongly convex in upper, concave in lower, half; hind tarsi thicker and relatively shorter than in the male. Length (cf ) 24.5, (9) 26.0 mm.; width (cf) 14.5, (9) 16.2 mm. Kansas (Medora). A single pair of this very rare species was kindly sent to me by Mr. Knaus. [? bosci Beauv.j mormon Burm. As is frequently the case among the Coleoptera, the female in this genus serves much better in the definition of the species than the male; in the latter sex there is a very large amount of intra- specific diversification, but it may be remarked in passing that the least developed form resembles the female much less closely than it does in the preceding subgenus, there always being a pro- nounced sexual difference in the form of the pronotal cavity, even when there is no trace of the posterior processes. The female, on the other hand, is virtually constant, not only in size and outline but in the conformation of the thoracic impression, and this differs unmistakably in all those species of which the female is known, as in antceus, pinorum and septentrionis, described above. Maimon Fabr., is said by Burmeister to be a variety, or in greater likelihood the depauperate stage, of the Antillean syphax Fabr.; so it can be disregarded in discussing our American forms. Bosci Beauv., is said to be the same as mormon Burm., by the Munich catalogue, but, in view of the difference in habitat, bosci having been described as 252 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Carolinian, I have attached it to mormon, with an expression of doubt; it may really be merely a splendens having an unusually acute clypeal apex, there being some variability in this respect, as well as in other directions, in all the species. Both this name and maimon should be dropped from the literature, as the descriptions are completely indefinite and useless. There might be some propriety in the suggestion of subgeneric isolation for mormon, because of the peculiarly long and slender mandibular tooth, setose patches on the vertex and radically different pygidium, especially in the male. Whether or not the male specimen described above is a depauperate form, the complete stage having long thoracic horns, I am unable to state. Examining carefully the surface of the elytra, for instance in atrolucens, quite a complex sculpture is revealed in what appears at first glance to be a perfectly smooth polished surface. In the first place, we have very minute sparse simple punctures, then, scattered among these punctules there is a sparse system of very small feeble pustules, wholly disconnected with any kind of punctua- tion, and, thirdly, over the entire surface, between the sparse pustules and minute perforate punctules, there is close-set, extremely minute and feeble pustulation, which is also not connected in any way with apparent punctures.* Xyloryctes Hope. This genus is entirely isolated in our fauna and does not bear any resemblance whatever to Strategus and allied genera, which, * Since this revision of Strategus was written, I have received a paper by Mr. Charles Schaeffer (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 1915, p. 47), in which appears the following para- graph on page 5 1 : "Strategus julianus var. arizonicus new variety. "Two fully developed male specimens from Prescott, Arizona, in my collection, differ from specimens from Texas by having the lateral prothoracic horns acute or subacute, and not broad and more or less obliquely truncate at apex as in typical julianus; the median ridge of prothorax is flatter and the lateral impressions are not as deep as in typical julianus and feebly or not at all rugose; the clypeus is acutely, triangularly emarginate. The female does not differ from typical julianus." If it were not for the emarginate clypeus, I should say that this form might be allied to jugurtha Burm., which also has slender thoracic processes. It is apparently not closely allied to anything here described. In some respects it agrees with the Texas species above described under the name roosevelti, but there the apex of the clypeus is very obtuse and feebly sinuato-truncate, and I think if the surface of the clypeus were as finely and sparsely punctate as it is in roosevelti, this feature would surely have been mentioned. DYNASTIN/E 253 together with Bothynus, might very well constitute a distinct tribal group by themselves. Here, the head has an obtuse apex having a bilobed transverse erect plate as in Orizabus, except that the plate is apical and not post-apical, and the vertex in the male bears a long erect horn, which is reduced to a small tubercle in the female. The thoracic modifications are also of an entirely different kind, there being an abrupt slope in about apical half in the male, but without any indication of corniform processes; in the female, the pronotum is perfectly even, again as in Orizabus. The small lamellate, almost completely hidden, externally obtuse and non- dentate mandibles are also nearly as in Orizabus, and in fact there is a markedly close affinity between these two genera. So great is this resemblance that it is small wonder that the female should have been described recently as a female Orizabus, especially as the hind legs, excepting the feeble apical crenulation, the hind tarsi, with their obliquely extended basal joint and the tridentate anterior tibiae are almost exactly as in that genus. The very deep concavity at the base of the mentum is however a conspicuous distinguishing character in Xyloryctes. The pygidium does not differ much sexually, but in the male there is usually visible a small tubercular swelling, just above the centre of the disk, that is never seen in the female; the upper marginal line is always arcuate in both sexes. The propygidium is covered throughout with small close-set sub- asperate punctures and the transverse strigilation of the Strategid genera is not observable; stridulation is therefore presumably much less strenuous in Xyloryctes than in Strategics, if it exists at all. Xyloryctes leads almost directly through Heterogomphus from Orizabus to the more typical Oryctids, and through Orizabus and Aphonus to the typical Pentodontids, showing rather conclusively that there is no marked distinction in real physiological structure between these two tribes. As in Orizabus, there is in Xyloryctes no progressive series of degradational forms in the male, as there is in Strategus, that sex being as constant in general form as the female, except that the cephalic horn varies somewhat in length and thick- ness, though not to very marked degree. The species are moder- ately numerous, those represented before me being the following: Pygidium (cf) shorter, strongly transverse, having numerous rather close-set fine punctures throughout 2 254 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA Pygidium (cf) much less transverse, more polished and with minute sparse punctulation 3 2 — Form very stout, oblong, strongly convex, shining and deep black, the under surface obscure castaneous. Male with the head fully a third as wide as the prothorax, the base of the clypeus extended upward, forming a gradually attenuated and slightly arcuate horn, nearly twice as long as the head and with moderate close-set punctures, like the concave surface of the trapezoidal clypeus before it, the clypeal apex reflexed in a high transverse bilobed plate, with its sides subparallel; eyes very moderate, the canthus not at all prominent; antennal club slender, as long as the preceding six joints; prothorax three-fourths wider than long, widest rather before the middle, the sides rounded, becoming very oblique, faintly sub- sinuate and more conspicuously fimbriate apically, the apex trans- verse, with a very broad flat bead, which is sometimes posteriorly angulate and produced medially, less than half as wide as the base, which is very strongly beaded; surface smooth, abruptly declivous at a right angle before the middle viewed from above, the flattened or feebly concave surface thence gradually less steep to the apex, transversely oval, coarsely punctato-rugulose and not extending to the sides, the rugosity however extending to the sides, the edge of the declivity at the middle faintly tumid and usually very slightly bi- lobate; scutellum perfectly smooth; elytra short, about as wide as long, as wide as the prothorax, parallel, abruptly, very obtusely rounded at apex, having widely separated, coarsely impressed lines, bearing moderate, shallow, posteriorly open annuli; punctures broadly confused on the second interval basally; pygidium not quite three times as wide as long, wholly glabrous, moderately con- vex, slightly inflexed in plane, the small umbo behind basal third; under surface with long dense conspicuous and rusty- brown vestiture, sparse on the abdomen. Female narrower than the male, the head more closely punctate, the clypeus but little wider than long, pentagonal, feebly impressed toward the sides, with bilobed apical carina as in the male but smaller and with a strong polished tubercle at the posterior angle, on a line through the middle of the eyes and very remote from the apex; prothorax less transverse, with more evenly rounded sides, which are generally feebly sinuate near the base and slightly narrower than the elytra, the surface smooth, gradually and very moderately though variably punctate anteriorly, more strongly toward the angles; elytra slightly elongate, rounded in posterior two-fifths, being much less obtuse than in the male though similarly strongly sculptured; pygidium still more transverse, less convex and with the even punctuation throughout stronger. Length (u cf, 3 9) 25.0-29.0 mm.; width 14.7-16.5 mm. New York to Texas. At times abundantly attracted to the electric lights. [Geotrupes satyrus Fabr. ; ? Cheiroplatys verticalis Fall ( 9 )] satyrus Fabr. Form much less stout, smaller in size, similar in coloration, lustre, thoracic fimbrise and pubescence beneath. Male with the head fully a third as wide as the prothorax, as in satyrus but with the horn DYNASTIN.E 255 shorter, more rapidly and acutely acuminate and but little longer than the head, the apical bilobed carina nearly similar; antennal club but little shorter than the entire stem, though shorter than in satyrus, the joints of the stem much shorter; prothorax throughout nearly as in satyrus, except that the abrupt slope begins only a little before the middle, viewed from above, with the sculpture of the concavity finer and sparser, the punctures along the sides and the dense rugu- osity antero-laterad also nearly similar; elytra as in satyrus but with the striae less coarse and very much more feebly impressed; pygidium shorter, more than three times as wide as long, the punctures similarly distinct and close-set throughout but mingled with very minute punctules. Female not narrower and almost similar in outline to the male, the head nearly as in the female of satyrus; prothorax also nearly as in that species and similarly with very strong entire basal bead; elytra similar, except that they are not evidently wider than the prothorax, the coarse striae and general sculpture very much stronger than in the male; pygidium nearly as in the male but less convex and without evident intermingled punctulation. Length (i cf, 2 9) 22.8-24.5 mm.; width 13.3-13.7 mm. Region about Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. lacustris n. sp. A — Similar to lacustris (cf ) but with a shorter prothorax, broader, more posteriorly inflated elytra, on which the sculpture is still feebler and gradually still more obsolescent posteriorly, and with a very slender cephalic horn: the sides of the prothorax are more broadly and evenly arcuate behind the apical obliquity and the base is broadly, feebly arcuate, becoming gradually sinuate sub- laterally, while in lacustris it is simply gradually, moderately and more narrowly lobed medially; pygidium as in lacustris. Length (cf) 24.5 mm.; width 14.5 mm. A single example from an un- recorded locality, but probably from Nebraska. tenuicornutus n. subsp. 3 — Last palpal joint securiform, rapidly narrowed toward base on the inside and, at base, only half as wide as at the middle. Body nar- rower and more elongate than in satyrus and rather less convex, deep black, shining, rufo-ferruginous beneath. Male with the head rather more than a third as wide as the prothorax, everywhere coarsely and densely punctato-rugose, the apical carina bilobed, parallel at the sides, the horn short, not very thick at base, acute and only slightly longer than the head, rugosely sculptured except apically; prothorax narrower than in satyrus and with the steep slope beginning but little beyond the middle of the length, viewed ver- tically, its margin slightly protuberant at the middle but evenly rounded, not in the least bilobate, the concavity deeper than in satyrus but otherwise nearly similar; base transverse, barely at all arcuate, the bead thick and very strong throughout; elytra slightly longer than wide, equal in width to the prothorax and three-fourths longer, rounded in apical two-fifths, the sculpture superficial, consisting of scarcely at all impressed and rather fine series of moder- ate, posteriorly open annul!, confused medially on the second 256 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA interval toward base; pygidium subevenly convex, two and a third times as wide as long, minutely, remotely punctulate, less sparsely and more distinctly near the base, the minute umbo very indistinct. Female not narrower but longer than the male, the head rather shorter, the tubercle as in satyrus, the prothorax much less transverse than in that species, not quite one-half wider than long and with more strongly and subevenly arcuate sides, the sculpture fine, feeble, becoming dense and rugose toward the apical angles; basal bead very thick and strong but abruptly and completely interrupted for a very short distance at the middle; elytra large, much longer than wide and slightly wider than the prothorax, the sculpture scarcely stronger than in the male; pygidium shorter than in that sex and not quite so convex, finely, rather loosely but distinctly punctate, the punctures becoming gradually coarse and deep but not closer basally. Length (i cT, 2 9) 28.5-30.0 mm.; width 15.0-15.5 mm. Arizona (probably southern) faunus Csy. Last palpal joint much more slender, but feebly inflated internally behind the middle 4 4 — Male oblong-oval, strongly convex and polished, dark castaneous, scarcely at all paler beneath; head distinctly more than a third as wide as the prothorax, moderately rugose, shining, the reflexed apex strongly bilobed, the horn stouter than in any other species, its base occupying more than half the entire width and extending to within a short distance of the clypeal apex, narrowed gradually, then more rapidly, finely pointed at tip, strongly arcuate but only a very little longer than the head; anterior canthus of the eyes short, broadly sublongitudinally and feebly sinuate and with the usual very dense and conspicuous fringe; prothorax a little more than one-half wider than long, throughout nearly as in satyrus, the pro- jection from the middle of the upper margin of the cavity broader and broadly bilobed; elytra fully as long as wide, barely visibly wider than the prothorax and four-fifths longer, viewed from above, rounded evenly in almost apical half; sculpture feeble and super- ficial, consisting of series of small open annuli, the series broadly but only very feebly impressed, the annuli confluent in the sutural series but, on the disk, becoming obsolete posteriorly; pygidium nearly two and one-half times as wide as long, as usual more convex basally than apically, the minute umbo extremely feeble; punctures minute and sparse throughout, becoming confluent and rugulose at the extreme lateral ends. Female unknown. Length (cf) 23.5 mm.; width 14.0 mm. Wisconsin obsolescens n. sp. Male very short and stout, oblong, not very shining, obscure castaneous, barely paler beneath; head small, loosely rugulose, the apical carina deeply bilobed as usual; horn broad at base, rapidly and evenly tapering, very acute at tip, feebly arcuate and nearly one-half longer than the head; base of the clypeus forming a prominent pro- jection at the sides, the eye-canthus thence posteriorly oblique, straight and much less prominent, being very different from that of the preceding species in this respect, as the clypeal base is there retracted at the sides, the sinuate canthus being more prominent; DYNASTIN.E 257 prothorax of the same general form and sculpture as in satyrus, the basal bead very strong and entire; elytra short, scarcely as long as wide, slightly inflated posteriorly, where they are distinctly wider than the prothorax; apex rather abruptly, very obtusely rounded, not at all as in the preceding, the sculpture consisting of widely but shallowly impressed lines of small open annuli, those of the sutural series larger and in mutual contact; pygidium but little over twice as wide as long, strongly convex, more so above than below the middle as usual, the minute umbo scarcely traceable; punctures fine, very sparse, becoming but little less sparse basally. Female much larger than the male, deep polished black, piceo-castaneous beneath; head very much smaller than in satyrus, not quite a third as wide as the prothorax, closely punctate and rugulose, the sides of the trape- zoidal clypeus rather high, thin and reflexed, the reflexed apical carina bilobed, the sides diverging to the base; tubercle between the eyes high and very acute; prothorax in outline nearly as in the male but smooth and even, the sparse punctures obsolete medio-basally, becoming very coarse and closer toward the sides and, antero-laterad, coarse, dense and rugose; basal bead strong laterally but more feebly defined medially, where the groove is frequently merely a confused line of small punctures, the interruption of the beading virtually complete; elytra but little longer than wide, very feebly inflated posteriorly, very slightly wider than the prothorax, rapidly rounded in about apical third, the sculpture as in the male, but the lines of annuli, though more narrowly and sharply impressed, are only very feebly so; pygidium polished, less but more evenly convex than in the male and with a distinct impression along the middle of each oblique lower side; punctures very fine and extremely sparse, a little more distinct near the base. Length (c?) 23.5, (9 ) 25.5-26.0 mm.; width (cf) 14.2, (9) 14.7-15.5 mm. New Mexico (Fort Wingate). A single male and two females, one of the latter being the type. hebes n. sp. I have attached verticalis Fall (Cheiroplatys) doubtfully to satyrus, not knowing any more appropriate place for it, but, as the length is given as 22 to 23 mm., and the width about 13 mm., it can be seen at once that it is materially smaller and may represent a perfectly distinct species, of which little can be said, however, until the male is discovered, for the short original description (Can. Ent., 1905, p. 272) alludes definitely to no character which could be useful in discriminating it among other species of Xyloryc- tes, being designed merely to differentiate it from Orizabus clunalis; the two typical examples were taken at Las Vegas, New Mexico. It cannot be the same as hebes, from Fort Wingate, as this also is much larger and the female differs besides in having the basal thoracic bead broken or subinterrupted medially ; it is particularly T. L. Casey, Mem. Col. VI, Oct. 1915. 258 MEMOIRS ON THE COLEOPTERA stated to be very strong and almost equal throughout the width in verticalis. Tribe DYNASTINI Not very abundant in either genera or species, this tribe includes probably the largest or at least the heaviest forms of Coleoptera known in the world. As a tribe it is distinguished from the Oryctini principally by the form of the tarsi, which have a peculiarly long and rather thick, yet filiform subglabrous appearance, with rela- tively smaller and undilated basal joint, which form of tarsi is shared also by the Agaocephalinae. The prothorax of the male generally has a corniform process, but without excavation before the process as in the Oryctini and, in the female, the pronotum is invariably even in convexity, but this is not wholly distinctive of the Dynastini, as in Xyloryctes, of the Oryctini, the pronotum of the female is similarly unmodified and in Anoplognatho it is un- modified in either sex. The mentum is rather flat, broadly suboval, the labial palpi normally inserted at the sides of the narrowed ligular part of the plate, the maxillary galea simple and subcylindric and the mandibles strong and considerably exposed, generally bidentate. Omitting some genera, such as Golofa, Podischnus and Ccelosis, which latter is a Dynastid and not an Oryctid, we can separate the American genera, having two lateral spines on the male pro- notum in addition to the central horn, as follows: Post-coxal process of the prosternum large, triangular; central horn of the male pronotum usually long, the lateral spines protruding from the surface near the base of the horn, or from the sides of the horn itself, the cephalic horn long, curving upward toward the thoracic horn; mandibles sharply bidentate; anterior legs differing but little in the sexes, the tibiae tridentate externally, more finely and acutely in the male. [Type Scarabccus hercules Linn.] Dynastes Post-coxal process very feeble to obsolete, spiniform; processes of the male pronotum very widely separated, at the sides of the apex; maxillary galea generally more acuminate but similarly simple; mandibles bidentate; prothorax with the central process small or wanting, that of the head well developed, bifurcate at tip as a rule; body more broadly massive 2 2 — Body very large in size; anterior legs distinctly modified sexually, the anterior tibiae much longer and more arcuate in the male, the long cephalic horn in the latter sex generally with a large dorsal anteriorly projecting process, the prothorax without a well defined central process, though obtusely tumid; pronotum with a strong polished entire basal bead in both sexes. [Type Scarabccus elephas Oliv.] *Megasoma DYNASTIN.E 259 Body much smaller, the anterior legs not distinctly modified sexually; cephalic horn of the male without trace of a basal dorsal process, the prothorax with a short anteriorly projecting central process, which is briefly bifurcate; pronotum without a basal bead in the female, except very near the lateral angles and with only a feebly defined beading in the male. [Type Megasoma thersites Lee.] . . Megasominus I am unable to say whether the moderately large Brazilian Scarab