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E(\1. May, '02] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. I29

Notes on a Eriocranid Larva.

By W. D. Kearfott.

Our entomological literature is altogether barren of facts in
regard to the larval habits or life history of any one of our
American species of Micropterygida, in fact the perfect insect
is a rara-avis and to be found in but few collections and in
small numbers.

For this reason I wish to record the following preliminary
account of the larva of at least one species. The only excuse
for the publication of such incomplete data is the desire to
inform fellow- workers of the discovery, so that they may make
an effort to secure the larvae and work out the life history during
the coming spring and summer.

During early June or late May last year I found in several
places about Montclair, N. J., the leaves of common chestnut
Castaiiea Americana, with very large blotch mines, the mines
often extended entirel}' across the end of a leaf, or on one side
of the mid-rib for nearl}- half the length of the leaf. B}- hold-
ing the leaf up to the light a broad, flattened apodous-like
larva could be seen eating industriously, and when disturbed
wriggling quite vigorously. When feeding the larva sweeps
circles of lo mm. or more radius, the aual end acting as a pivot,
and the outline of the mine is a series of these semi-circles.
The frass is deposited in fine curved lines.

lyCaf-mining lepidopterous larvae are unusual so early in the
spring. For this reason, and also that I felt reasonablj^ sure
that I had a leaf-mining Coleopter, I paid rather scant attention
to these larvae other than to place the leaves in a jelly glass
with a little moss and earth at the bottom and a gauze cover
over the top. I noticed that within a day or two all the larvae
came out of the mines and had burrowed beneath the earth.
They were bare and not enclosed in a case made out of a small
part of the leaf.

The matter was allowed to rest here for several months. In
October, when field work required less attention, I had time to
learn something of the contents of several new accessions to
my library, which included Staintou's "Natural History of the
Tiueina" and the first two volumes of J. W. Tutts' elaborate
work entitled "British lyepidoptera. " On Plate 3, Vol. XIII,
of Stainton's work are beautifully drawn figures of three Euro-

^vfHSOF^

.rS

I30

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 'o2

pean species, showing moth, larva and mine, and as soon as I
saw them I felt sure the identification of my chestnut miner
was at hand. I got down my jelly glass and found a dozen or
more small oval cocoons of rather tough texture and covered
wdth particles of earth ; upon opening some of these cocoons I
found some of the larvae had dried up and others had pupated
and then dried up. Only one or two were alive ; these I care-
fully put away, hoping to get the moth later, but at this writ-
ing all are dead, so it will be impossible to prove the species
this year.

During the past few months I have been making a critical
study of the pupae of a number of Tortricidae bred last year and
sought the aid of Dr. Packard's first part of his "Monograph
of the Bombycine Moths." On page 62 of this work is shown
the pupa of European Micropteryx piirp^irella. It also looked
familiar, and I placed under the microscope the pupa of one of
my chestnut miners and the mystery was solved.

If Dr. Packard's drawing had been made from my pupa it
could hardly have shown a more striking likeness. All the
limbs and organs are free, and across the front, just below the
eyes, are the enormous cutting mandibles, the labrum is cleft
on the lower edge and bears eight setae ; on the epicranium are
also four long setae ; all of these setae are fully as long as half
the width of the pupa. On the square clypeus are the curious
filamentarious tentacles referred to by Packard.

I succeeded in softening up one of the dried larva and inflated
it and give the following brief description: 5 to 6 mm. long, flat-
tened; segments 5 to 7, broadest, tapering to a narrow point
at anal extremity ; head small, brown, somewhat like that of
a Neptiada ; no pro-thoracic shield, but a small brown anal
shield ; apodous.

I am at work on a detailed description of the pupa and larva
and will make enlarged drawings of all details, but will defer
publication until I can get fresh specimens to compare.

In Tutts' work, referred to above, Vol. I, p. 129 et seg., is a
most elaborate account of the European members of this group,
citing the papers of Chapman and Waller, who have been
the foremost investigators in this family. Mr. Tutt divides the
group into two distinct and separate super-families : Microp-
terygidae and the Eriocranidae. The former includes the species
whose larvae feed on wet moss, and the latter those species

May, '02] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 131

whose larvae are leaf miners. Lord Walsingham has erected a
new genus for two of the American species, i. e. , Epimartyria
{E. pardella Wlsm., and E. auricrinella Wlsm.) and which
genus in some respects Tutt considers more archaic than
Micropteryx.

It is quite probable that my species is Eriocraiiia grisco-capi-
tella Wlsm. , as for several years I have taken a specimen of this
late in April or very early in May, or it may be another species
which is yet unidentified, of which I took one specimen in mid-
summer two years ago.

Now that we have the clue I hope our American species will
be rapidly overhauled and their life histories fully known. I
will add that about the same time I found the chestnut
miners I found similar mines and larvae on oak ; these may
be the same species ; I did not take care of them and made no
notes, thinking it impossible they could be anything else than
Coleopterous.

A word about the perfect insects of these group may be of inter-
est. My first specimen was taken just about at dusk April 21.
It doubtless was resting on or near the ground. I caught it as
it was fij'ing upwards in an almost vertical line, flight quite
slow and seemingly laborious. The second specimen (and I
think a different species) was taken about 8.30 p. m. about the
middle of July on the wire mosquito screen enclosing my piazza,
attracted by a lamp which was within. The third specimen
was taken May 4, about 1 1 a. m. It is the same species as the
first and was disturbed from the ground or low down on a tree
trunk. As a violent wind was blowing it was impossible to
observe its natural flight and it was captured with difficulty.

I saw a fourth specimen resting on the bole of a small beech
tree about five feet from the ground ; the morning sun, about

II a. m., was shining on it, and it sparkled like an emerald
from the light reflected from the exquisite metallic green of its
wings. I attempted to place a small cyanide bottle over it,
but before my hand was within a foot of it, it jumped like a leaf
hopper and was out of sight in an instant. Numbers one and
three were captured (and number four seen) in a rather open
woods, principally hard and soft woods and a great abundance
of shrubbery, on the Watchung Mountains, back of Montclair,
at an elevation of five or six hundred feet above sea level.

[Reprinted from Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Vol. X.,

No. 2, June, J 902.]

A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN
SPECIES OF THE GENUS CHOREUTIS.

By W. D. Kearfott.

These exquisite little creatures with their wealth of silver and
metallic scales have always been of more than ordinary interest to me,
and when I had the good fortune to breed a long series last summer,
the subsequent efforts to identify them aroused an additional interest
in the literature on the subject, of which this paper is the result.

I took a number of my bred specimens to the National Museum
and compared them with all of the North American and European
species there but could find none that were the same as mine. I then
forwarded a pair to Lord Walsingham and another pair to Mr.
E. J. Meyrick. Their replies, which I quote below, indicated
that ray species raight be new and also raised the question whether
the true bjerkatidrella Thunb., and its var. pretiosana Dup., which
have so long been on our lists, really do occur in the United
States.

The investigation of the latter question was considerably more than
I had bargained for, and for a novice seemed like presumption so soon
after the revision of this group by Dr. Dyar and Professor Fernald,
in the Canadian Entomologist.

I was fortunately, however, in possession of a goodly number of
specimens from widely separated parts of North America, and as a
primary requisite I obtained from Drs. Staudinger and Bang-Hass
long series of the European bjerkandrella and pretiosana, as well as all
other available European species of this genus. I was rather alarmed
to find that, while closely allied, none of the European forms compared

107 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoL x.

exactly with any I had from this country. I then borrowed from Dr.
Dietz all of his specimens and again visited the National Museum and
examined carefully all the specimens there (both North American and
European). In the meantime Lord Walsingham kindly sent me a
pair of si/phie/Ia, which he collected thirty years ago in California and
Mr. Meyrick a specimen from New Zealand. Miss Murtfeldt also
loaned me one of her Missouri bred specimens. Altogether I have
had the opportunity for critical comparison of between 250 and 300
specimens.

Almost from the beginning I was convinced that we had a larger
number of valid species than was indicated by the late synopses and
this conviction was strengthened by the examination of each fresh lot
of material, and what was most convincing was that the specimens
could readily and easily be separated out into the specific groups I had
arranged for them and moreover the species did not intergrade and I
have seen no specimens that could doubtfully be referred to two or
more species.

The only stumbling block was the separation oi pretiosana from the
nearest allied American form, as it certainly was but little less than
sacrilege to attempt to root up and cast away so venerable a trespasser
from our lists ; in point of fact I have not a particle of doubt that
in the, possibly not very remote, past pretiosana was common to
North America, Eurasia, Australasia and possibly South America (I
have an unidentified species allied to it from Brazil) but time and en-
vironment produce' changes and I believe when a change becomes a
fixture and invariable new species are evolved. In fact our science
is based on evolution ; we generally agree with Darwin that man's
ancestor was monkey and while we can also agree that both have
many characteristics in common it would be difficult to find one with
the temerity to claim they were the same species or even that one is a
variety of the other ; and so, I have taken the stand that our Ameri-
can forms have all so far departed from the stem forms that we have
separate and distinct species.

I have recognized twelve species and one variety and it is a nice
question for the splitters and lumpers to decide whether there are ten
varieties of pretiosana or whether they are all pretiosana or whether
they are all good species. My conclusions point to the last, for the
simple reason there is no trouble to separate out the species. For-
tunately, in only one instance, was there a single specimen to repre-

June, I902.] Kearfott : On North American Choreutes. 108

sent a species, that, however, extrincicella, is so distinct from all
others that it could not be an intergrade ; of one other there were two
specimens, of the balance from three to thirty odd. The largest
number were of my bred specimens, carduiella, and of all of this num-
ber thirty-eight specimens, the marks, colors, shape, and size are con-
stant in each, excepting, of course, the $ is slightly smaller than
the 9 .

Unfortunately we have but little knowledge of the larval habits and
life-histories of our American species. When these are all worked out
we shall have better evidence to go by than classification based prin-
cipally on coloration. Miss Murtfeldt has recorded the finding of the
larvge in communities on Giiaphalium polycephalum webbing the leaves
and when nearly mature spinning quantities of somewhat viscid silk.
In the National Museum are quite a number of specimens bred by
Chittenden in the vicinity of Chicago on the same plant and with
the same habit. Miss Murtfeldt' s bred specimen is identical with the
Chicago specimens, as are also flown specimens taken by Dr. Dietz at
Hazleton, Pa., and all are very distinct from any other North Ameri-
can species. This species I have named gnaphaliella.

The larvae of silphiella were found by Mr. Coquillett in Illinois on
Silphium integrifoliiim in nests formed by fastening the terminal leaves
together by a few threads.

I found the larvae of carduiella feeding on the pith inside the main
stalks of Cardans spinosissimus at Anglesea, N. J.

It will be observed that the habits of the only three larvae known
are quite different, the first spinning considerable silk and webbing
the leaves, the second fastening leaves together with silken threads and
the third, borers in the stalk. These differences in larval habits, not
to mention the different food plants, would seem to indicate different
species, especially as in the case of the first named, bred by two peo-
ple, in different localities, but with exactly the same habits and pro-
ducing exactly the same moths. The earlier descriptions of the larvae
are brief but they also seem to indicate differences.

As our early entomological literature is so widely scattered and fre-
quently almost unavailable to the majority of working entomologists
from having been published in foreign magazines or early American
journals that have long been out of print, I have taken the liberty of
repeating the original descriptions and the few references to the
American species of the genus, so as to bring together in one paper

109 Journal. New York Entomological Society. [Voi, x.

all of the information on the subject that I have been able to locate,
hoping it will be of assistance to others who may become interested in
this group.

After each description I have also stated the chief claims for specific
difference, usually in a comparative way to quickly assist in the identi-
fication. I have found one reference to American species of this genus
by Zeller in Verh. Zool. Bot. Gesell. Wien, XXV, 320, 1875, of which
the following is a literal translation :

" Choretitis preiiosana Duponchel, Suppl. IV, 182, pi. 65, f. 9.

" Choretitis vibraiia var. anstrali^ Zeller, Isis, 1847, P- ^43-

"This species, which is found in the vicinity of the Mediterranean Sea, is separated
from bjcrkandrella Thunb. {vibrana Hubn.), only by its smaller size and lighter
color, the markings are identical but the fore wings of bjerkandrella have not always a
less convex hind margin. Besides /r(?//(7Jrtwa differs somewhat in size and the 9 is
somewhat smaller than the $ .

" The seven North American examples before me are still smaller than the J
of the European pretiosana. In the four from Texas, the two curved bands composed
of raised scales (the first rather straight before the middle, the second bent and en-
larged by two-thirds above the middle) are light gray, in the three from Ohio, which
Schlager determined as australis, are pure white, so that the scales, under an ordi-
nary lens, on the outer band are only indistinctly visible. (If these white bands are
constant, these specimens may be separated as var. ohioensis. ) I have taken in
Syracuse (Asia- Minor?) a similar 9 less distinctly white, but agreeing otherwise.

" That the specific identity between the American and European examples is cer-
tain, and as an importation is not to be thought oi pretiosana can be added to the
species originally common to both continents."

I feel quite sure had Zeller the opportunity for studying large series
of specimens from all parts of North Amerfca, he would have modified
the views as expressed above, in fact Lord Walsingham, who has, 1
believe, the identical Texas and Ohio examples referred to by Zeller
has compared them with specimens of carduiella and pronounces them
distinct and even expresses a doubt that the European forms occur in
this country at all, as will be noted in copy of his letter under the
caption of carduiella.

Lord Walsingham', in Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 1882, Vol. X, p.
167, refers to bjerkandrella and says :

" This species has not, so far as I am aware, been recorded from North Amer-
ica. I have received it from Miss Murtfeldt, from whom the specimens in Professor
Fernald's collection were also obtained. It occurs also in California, together with
a form identical with, or very closely allied to, Choreutis silphiella Grote (Papilio,
Vol. I, p. 40), which must probably be regarded as distinct."

June, I902.] KeARFOTT : On NoRTH AMERICAN ChOREUTES. 110

Synopsis of Species.

Fore wings pointed at apex.

With metallic scales on hind wings.

A few green metallic scales on fore wings inflatella.

Metallic scales lilaceous only var. virginiella.

Without metallic scales on hind wings dyarella.

Fore wings rounded at apex.

Fore wings ochreous at base.

Hind wings heavily white-banded silphiella.

Hind wings with short white dash gnaphaliella.

Hind wings with no white dash carduiella.

Fore wings brown at base, or slightly ochreous.

Fore wings with two prominent white bands onustana.

Fore wings with the bands not white.

Basal brown space without or with but a faint lilaceous band.

Outer edge of cloud defined by a curved line SOrorculella.

Outer edge of cloud indefinite; wings elongate coloradella.

Basal space crossed by a whitish band.
This band curved.

Outer half of brown basal area not clouded with whitish

scales occidentella.

Outer half of brown basal area clouded with whitish

scales busckiella.

This band straight extrincicella.

Fore wings white at base leucobasis .

Choreutis inflatella Clem.

1863. By-enthia inflatella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., Vol. II, p. 5.
1872. Brenthia inflatella Stainton, Tineina No. Am., p. 209.
1900. Choreutis inflatella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 85.
1900. Choreutis inflatella Fernald, Can. Ent., XXXII, p. 242.

Original description :

" Fore wings dull orange ; in the middle of the wing dark fuscous, dusted with
white. At the base of the wings are three or four small spots of a beautiful metallic
green, and two others of the same hue, on the disk, between which, on the costa, is a
small white spot. At the apical third of the wing is a curved metallic green band,
extending from the costa to the inner angle, beginning on the costa in a small white
spot. A little beyond the metallic line, towards the base of the wing, on the inner
margin, is a small spot of the same metallic hue. Near the hinder margin is a sub-
terminal dark fuscous line, which from the costa to the middle of the wing is overlaid
with metallic green scales, and on the costa between the two transverse lines, is a
white spot. Cilia fuscous, white in the middle of the wing. Hind wings dull fus-
cous, with two iridescent spots near the inner angle. Abdomen with two iridescent
spots near the tip.

" AntennEe fuscous, annulated with white. Head and labial palpi gray varied
with fuscous. Feet dark fuscous annulated with white. I have before me a single
specimen taken on the wing in July."

Ill JcjuRNAL New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x,

Var. virgin iel la Clem.

1864. Brenthia virginiella Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., Vol. Ill, p. 505.
1872. Brenthia virginiella SxAlNTON, Tineina No. Am., p. 257.
1900. Choreutis virginiella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, 85.
1900. Choreutis virginiella Fernald, Can. Ent., XXXII, 243.

Original description :

"Fore wings dark brown, tinged with ochreous between the markings towards
the tip, with an oblique, somewhat violet-hued silvery line, from the costa at the
apical third, directed towards the anal angle ; a line of the same hue from the tip of
the wing, parallel to the hinder margin, and a white costal streak equidistant from
the two silvery lines. On the inner margin, a little interior to the anal angle, is a
silvery, somewhat violet hued spot. Cilia whitish beneath the tip of the wing, with
a dark intercilial line. Hind wings dark brownish, with a silvery spot near the hinder
margin above the anal angle. A single specimen. Virginia. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila."

It is unfortunate that Dr. Clemens could not have reversed the
order of publication of the above descriptions, so that the form with
lilaceous scales only {virginiella') could be the species, and that with
a few scattered greenish metallic scales {inflatella) the variety, as
the former is the most common form. I have before me seven speci-
mens oi virginiella, five taken in the vicinity of Montclair, N. J., and
two from collection of Dr. Dietz, labelled Toronto, Can., and have
examined at the National Museum one specimen from Boston, Mass.
(coll. Beutenmiiller). There is also in the National Museum one
specimen of /;{/?fl/^//(Z (locality unknown).

The only difference that I can discover and in fact the only differ-
ence in Dr. Clemens' descriptions, although they are differently
worded, of virginiella and inflatella is that the latter has a few greenish
metallic scales on the inner and costal half of fore wings, while on vir-
giniella all the scales are lilaceous. The outer marginal band of metallic
scales on inflatella as well as other scales on outer half of fore wing are
of this same color. So the only difference is that while in virginiella
all the metallic scales are lilaceous, in inflatella some are lilaceous and
some have a greenish reflection. I do not consider this a specific dif-
ference, but it may be known by its varietal name at least until the
life history is known. It is probably the most distinct and least
variable of any of the species of this genus, its nearest prototypes being
C. myllerana F. of Europe and the larger Pacific Coast form dyarella.

The chief distinguishing characters are :

I. Shape of primaries unlike any Choreutis, exce^)^ dyarella ; apex
terminates in a sharp point and outer margin nearly straight ; in these

June, 1902.] Kearfott : On North' American Choreutes. 112

respects it more nearly resembles the genus SimcBthis, where it may
iinally land.

2. A triangular ochreous area extending from tip along one-third
of costa, thence to hind angle ; this is divided by a paler ochreous
wedge-shaped streak, widest at costa and pointed at hind angle.

3. On the costa, enclosed by the pale ochreous streak is a white
spot, or triangular dash, base line along costa, lower apex pointing
towards hind angle. There are two additional minute white costal
spots, at equal distance apart, between this larger spot and base.

4. In fresh specimens the inner half of primaries are very thickly
powdered with cream color scales.

Choreutis dyarella, sp. nov.

Dark brown, mixed with whitish scales. Fore wings shaded with bronzy red,
most distinct on apical half; a few metallic scales towards base. A straight white
shade from costa to inner margin at basal third, forming a distinct spot on costal edge.
A similar narrow line at outer third forming a dot on the costa, two at end of cell and
one on internal margin. A strongly curved line of metallic scale joins the costal and
marginal dots, is twice broken and touches outwardly the third transverse white band,
which reaches from costa before apex to anal angle and is nearly continuous, and is
broken only at upper third where the metallic scale band touches it. The submar-
ginal streak of metallic scales not reaching the apex. Fringe white, black at apex
and anal angle with a brown spot in the middle.

Hind wings blackish, the usual submarginal dash yellowish-white, distinct.
Fringe black with basal yellowish-white line ; outer half white except at apex and
anal angle.

Wings below smoky brown. Two obscure white dots on costa and a few scales
outwardly on fore wings. Hind wings with outer irregular white curved line with a
lunate white discal streak. Tarsi strongly banded with white. Femori blackish,
with a median whitish band. Expanse, 12 mm.

Described from three specimens from Dunsmuir, Cal. (Wickham).

National Museum type No. 6263, one co-type in my collection.

I take pleasure in naming this species after Dr. Dyar.

This is a slightly larger species than inflatella, but it belongs to
the same group, with acutely pointed fore wings.

It can be distinguished from inflatella by : (i) Larger size, (2)
no metallic scales on hind wings, and (3) white submarginal band
on under side of hind wings, in inflatella this band is reduced to a
fine almost obsolete line.
Choreutis onustana Walk.

1864. SiiiKxthis onustana WALKER, Cat. Lep. Het., Ft. XXX, 996.

1875. Choreutis ohioensis Zeller, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, Vol. XXV, 320.

1900. Choreutis onustana Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXH, 85.

1900. Choreutis omistana Fernald, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXH, 242.

113 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x.

Original description :

" Male. Ferruginous. Palpi acute, not longer than the breadth of the head,
with a long dense fringe beneath; third joint lanceolate, much shorter than the
Second. Antennse setose. Fore wings rounded at the tips, with two irregular,
whitish slightly curved bands, and with several glittering chalybeous black-bordered
dots ; first band before the middle, more oblique than the second, which is beyond
the middle ; a chalybeous streak along the basal part of the costa ; fringe bordered by
two cinereous lines. Length of body 2 lines ; of the wings 6 lines."

"Nova ""Icotia. From Lieut. Redman's collection."

The general appearance, shape and size of this species is not unlike
European J>retiosa/ia ; it differs from it in having two wide irregular
pure white bands extending from costa to hind margin on the fore
wing. Zeller received three specimens of this species from Ohio and
suggested the name oi ohioensis, if it should prove to be different from
bjerkandrella, but Walker's description was m.ade in 1864 and Zeller' s
name must go in the synonymy.

Walker gives locality Nova Scotia; Professor Fernald adds Amherst,
Mass.; Dr. Dietz has specimens labelled Central New York, June i,
1887. In the National Museum are specimens from New Hampshire
and Ontario (Hanham), so it seems to be a northeastern species with
Ohio as the south and western limit. It can be distinguished readily
by the tAvo broad, irregular, white bands, extending from costa to hind
margin. The inner band is at inner third and outer band beyond
outer third.
Choreutis gnaphal.iella, sp. nov.

Light brown or fuscous. A broad inner band'and a narrowband near margin,
thickly sprinkled with whitish scales. Three large black spots.

Antenna dark brown, ringed with white. Head, palpi fuscous, latter white at
base ; outer ends of scales on head paler. Thorax yellow, ochreous, a median line
of whitish scales, patagia edged with ochreous.

Fore wings : Basal area ochreous, divided on median line by line of metallic
scales, also a fine line of same on costa and a few metallic scales close to hind mar-
gin on outer edge of ochreous patch. A broad, oblique, slightly curved band of
light brown heavily dusted with whitish scales, from costa to hind margin, outer edge
irregular ; a few scattered metallic scales on this band near costa and near hind mar-
gin. A large oval, black velvety spot in center of outer half, a smaller black spot on
hind margin below and inwardly to large spot, a rectangular black spot on outer mar-
gin beyond large spot ; all of these spots separated from each other by ground color ;
a few black scales follow apical line. Between central black spot and costa is a rec-
tangular area of brown and ochreous scales, becoming almost black at outer edge ;
just beyond this, before apex, is a small patch of almost white. Scales forming a
white costal spot. In every place where there are black spots or scales, they are
overlaid with metallic scales. Outer marginal band brown, sprinkled with white
scales ; this band extends out on the fringe ; the latter is fuscous.

June, 1902.] KeaRFOTT : On NoRTH AMERICAN ChOREUTES. 114

Hind wings : Light fuscous, veins darker. A whitisli subterminal dash. Fringe
fuscous, shadowed by two pale marginal lines, outer edge paler.

Under side fore wing : Pale fuscous ; white marginal line from costa to hind
angle, paralleled by an inner whitish line. A white spot on costa at inner third,
another on hind margin at inner third. Under side hind wing : Pale fuscous, a paler
marginal line becoming white and broader at apex, nearly paralleled by a broader white
band, inside of this is a white dash. Abdomen brown, a band of whitish scales at
posterior edge of each segment. Legs so thickly covered with white scales that ground
color is almost hidden ; except tarsi, pale golden beneath and an alternate brown and
white ring on each jomt above. Expanse, 7.5 to 8.5 mm.

Described from eight specimens. St. Louis, Mo. (MissMurtfeldt),
Hazleton, Pa. (Dr. Dietz), Chicago, Ills. (Chittenden).

Type, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6264; co-type, Collections, Murt-
feldt, Dietz, Kearfott.

The following description of larva and habits by Miss Murtfeldt is
quoted from Professor Fernald's paper. Can. Ent., XXXII, p. 241 :

"The larva is found late in June (in Missouri), and again in October, mining
and webbing the leaves of Gnaphaliitm polycephalum. When small it works chiefly
between the cuticles of the leaves, but later feeds externally, .spinning quantities of
somewhat viscid web, among which the black powdery frass is profusely scattered.

"The mature larva is 6 mm. in length by 1. 5 in diameter across middle seg-
ments, from which it tapers very slightly in both directions ; form cylindrical, sub-
moniliform. Color translucent, whitish green, immaculate. Head oblique, same
color as body, but horny and polished. Collar inconspicuous. Legs concolorous
with general surface. Before the first transformation it becomes gregarious, the larvae
spinning their dense white sticky cocoons, something to the number of a dozen in
close proximity in the general web.

" Pupa pale golden brown, 4 mm. in length, and rather stout, with no especially
marked characters. Imagines in seven or eight days after pupation.

" In central Missouri the species is rather rare, and, within the limits of my ob-
servation, has only occurred three times within the last dozen years, although careful
watch for it has been maintained upon its food plant. So far it has not been found
upon any Gnaphaliuin or Antenuaria, except G. polycephalioii. I have never taken
this species at light."

Choreutis silphiella Grote.

1881. Choreutis siiphiella Grote, Papilio, Vol. I, p. 40.

1882. Choreutis silphiella Walsingham, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, X, 167.
1886. Chakcela ^etnmalis HuLST, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, XIII, 148.
1890. Choreutis silphiella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 85.
1890. Choreutis silphiella Fkrnald, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 241.

Original description :

"Thorax orange, with a metallic stripe on the tegular. Head olivaceous. Pec-
tus and basal joint of palpi whitish. Fore wings with the base orange, to a dusky,
inwardly oblique, tran.sverse shade line. A longitudinal metallic stripe before the

115 Journal New Yokk Entomological Society. [Voi. x

sliade line below costa and some metallic scales below median vein. Middle of the
wing mottled, grayish, enclosing two metallic discal spots edged with black, super-
posed ; below them two faint blackish lines to internal margin. Apical portion of the
wing taken up with a wide circle of dusky and orange scales enclosing a series of
metallic points edged with black. The space enclosed by the circle, near the margin,
is gray and mottled like the middle of the wing. The metallic spots have a violet or
green reflection. The circle is twice cut by oblique orange stripes, over the sub-
costal nervules and over the median nervules, in opposing positions. Edee of the
wing dusky, fringes dark. Costal edge with two white dots beneath, wide apart.
Hind wing blackish ; beneath crossed by a white sub-terminal band, and another
before the middle of the wing. Length of fore wing 5 to 6 mm.
Hab. Illinois.

The larva of this species is described by Mr. Coquillett as follows :

"Body thickest at the middle, tapering towards each end, pale green ; a dark
colored dorsal line; piliferous spots and cervical shield green; head small, nearly
horizontal, 'pale green, with a black dot on each side near the jaws, and usually with a
black dash on each side near the junction of the head with the first segment ; venter
pale green, unmarked ; 16 legs; length, 13 mm. Lives in communities on Silphium
integrifoliiim in nests formed by fastening the terminal leaves together with silken
threads. Found June 19 ; imagoes July 2."

Mr. Grote prefaces the above with the following : " Mr. Coquil-
lett has communicated to me specimens of a C/wrentis which he has
reared, together with a description of the larva. The species appears
to be new and is considered by Professor Fernald to be distinct from
pretiosana.'''' Mr. Grote concludes his description with the state-
ment: "a distinct but allied species of Choreutis has been collected
by Mr. Hy. Edwards in California (Sierra Nevada)."

The following is Dr. Hulst's description of Chalcoela gennualis,
which is manifestly the same as Mr. Grote's species. I have not been
able to find Dr. Hulst's types.*

" Expands 15 mm. Head brown, palpi brown, fringe in front ; thorax and
basal portion of fore wings rich golden brown ; fore wings beyond light ochre, with
fuscous shadings ; margin yellowish brown, fringe black ; near middle of wing,
also just within indicated extramedian line, and also on subterminal space at middle,
is a velvety black spot, the three being in a row ; a fine black line runs from costa to
middle spot ; there is also midway along costa a faint subcostal black spot ; each of all
these sppts surrounds a few bright golden metallic scales ; there is also a line of metallic
gold basally along costa ; hing wings nearly even, fuscous ; beneath, fuscous with a
golden tinge, a white spot on costa at beginning of outer line, which is indistinct; an
outer cinereous line on hind wings ; all margins with whitish lines ; fringes fuscous.

* Mr. W. Beutenmuller informs me that Hulst's type of C. gemmalis is in the Hy.
Edwards collection, American Museum of Natural History, and he has compared it
with a specimen labelled C. silphiella Gr. , and finds them identical.

June, I902.] KeARFOTT : ()N NoRTH AMERICAN ChOREUTRS. 116

"Two $ $, Sierra Nevada Mountains, Cal. Tlie second specimen has the
golden brown of thorax and fore wings replaced with fuscous."

In a general way this resembles the European bjerkandrella Thunb. ,
but I have no hesitation in pronouncing it distinct, and moreover
from the material I have had an opportunity to examine it is not espe-
cially variable. Compared with bjerkandrella, the primaries are quite
different in outline, in bjerkandrella they are rather short and rounded,
while in silphiella they are elongated and the outer margin instead of
being an easy curve is nearly straight. The ochreous base extends
farther along the costa than in bjerkandrella and its area is greater. The
general color of silphiella is lighter. The white lines and dashes on
the hind wings are much broader in silphiella ; this is especially appa-
rent on the under surface. The fringe on the hind wings is longer in
silphiella.

This species has a wide range. Coquillett, who bred the speci-
mens from which Grote described it, took the larvae in Illinois, Lord
Walsingham collected specimens which are labelled " Head of Noyo R.,
Mendocino Co., Cal., June 8 to ii, 1871." I have specimens from
Yellowstone Park, Wyo. (Burrison), and Chicago (J. H. Reading).

In all of the specimens the marks and characters are constant with
very slight variation, certainly not enough to warrant a connecting
link between it and any other species recognized in this paper.

Its distinguishing characters are : ( i ) Large size, expanding 1 5
mm.; (2) ochreous patch at base of primaries, involving one-quarter
of length of wing, head and thorax of same color; (3) outer three-
quarters of primaries thickly sprinkled with cream color scales ; (4)
two large velvety black spots on outer half, ornamented with metallic
scales, and (5) broad white dashes and lines on inferiors.
Choreutis carduiella, sp. nov.

Dark brown, thickly dusted with cinereous scales, without a lens the ground very
dark, almost black, slate color.

Antennas dark brown, ringed with whitish, tuft at tip of basal joint. Palpi brown,
streaked with orange on second joint, basal joint almost white.

Head brown, dusted with white specks. Thorax orange-ochreous streaked with
cinereous ; outer edge of patagia and two streaks on mesothorax cinereous. A row
of greenish metallic scales on inner edge of patagia.

Fore wings : Deep fold at base of median vein, above this at base is a tuft or
streak of long raised orange ochreous scales, below it is a smaller patch of shorter
scales, same color in 9 but dark umber in $ ; between these ochreous streaks on
median vein, also on costa next to base, is a fine line of metallic scales, also a few
metallic scales below ochreous patch near inner angle. Next, outwardly, is a broad

117 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x.

band of ground color from costa to hind margin, thickly sprinkled with cinereous
scales, this band is divided on its lower half by a darker line free from lighter scales ;
on the outer edge of this patch is a line of metallic scales extending half way across
wing from costa. Adjoining this outwardly on costa, is a broad patch of long raised
orange-ochreous scales, lower edge covering end of cell. On the outer edge of this
patch is a line of metallic scales separating it from a short dark oblique line.

Below orange patch is a large velvety-black spot, extending to outer margin,
but not to hind margin, this black patch is cut near its outer truncate end by a line of
orange-ochreous scales. Many metallic scales are sprinkled over the black. Just
below orange patch, in center of wing on hind margin, is a small black spot, beyond
this is a smaller black spot. The long raised scales forming the large orange patch
above end of cell, become darker and almost black in the lower central part, where
it adjoins the black patch just below, these dark raised scales are heavily sprinkled
with metallic. The lower, outer edge of black patch, which closely follows line of
hind angle is defined by a narrow row of metallic scales. The outer margin below
apex is of ground color heavily overlaid with lighter scales, except at the apex, which
is almost free from these scales. Along costa just before apex is a short line of darker
ochreous, inside of this is a fine line of metallic scales, slightly curved downward at
outer end, bordering this on the inner side is another irregular band of ground color
free from lighter scales, inwardly is a broader band of ground color, heavily overlaid
with whitish scales, extending from costa to center of outer margin where it is
absorbed in the marginal band. Fringe fuscous.

Hind wings fuscous, no white dash, but a very few scattered whitish scales form-
ing a thin line along margin at and before apex. Fringe lighter fuscous.

Under side fore wings ; dark shining fuscous, a white oblique dash at outer third;
this white dash is obsolete in some specimens ; a line of white scales along margin
and another line of white on fringe paralleling marginal line, a few whitish scales
inside of hind angle.

Under side hind wings ; same color as fore wing, a short apical curved white line,
a long curved submarginal white line, interrupted at upper third and a white dash in
center of wing ; a small white dot on costa about middle of wing. The white lines
and marks on under surface have a bluish reflection.

Abdomen : dark brown, almost black, broad band white scales at posterior end of
each segment, anal tuft blackish. Legs blackish, thickly sprinkled with white scales ;
tarsus golden on under side, white ring on each joint on upper side. Expanse, ^ lo
mm., 9 12 to 13 mm.

Described from thirty-eight specimens bred from Cardims spinosis-
shuns Walt. Taken at Anglesea, N. J., June 21-23, 1901. Issued
July 2-10.

Types: rf and 9. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6265.

Co-types: Collections Walsingham, Meyrick, Dietz, Kearfott, Murt-

feldt, and Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.

Larva. Last Stage: 12 mm. long, cylindrical, head and second segment
slightly tapering, anal end rather blunt. Color pale yellow.

Head: Width .95 mm.; length 1. 05 mm.; color pale chestnut, strongly bilobed,

June, 1902.] Kearfott : On North American Choreutes. 1 1 8

lobes full and rounded ; clypeus narrow at base, evenly triangular, high but not
reaching to second joint, suture between lobes deeply indented ; occelli on black field ;
epistoma lighter chestnut or yellowish, labrum and maxill^is brown ; antennce short ;
spinneret large, with a long spine or thick hair. On back edge of each lobe, partly
hidden by segment 2, is a triangular black spot and short black line following joint
dorsad. Setse on head long, y^ to -/i thickness of head.

Thoracic feet pale chestnut, basal joint of each whitish and defined by narrow
chitinous oval band, this band not complete, but absent on outer or lateral edge.
Shield on second segment same color as head, divided by paler dorsal line, moderate,
front edge straight, hind edge rounded, bears six setie each side in usual position, a
large brown tubercle before and on a line with spiracle bears two setae ; another
large tubercle bearing two setoe below spiracle. Segment three (mesothorax) tuber-
cles,ia -|- ib, iia + iib, iii separate, iv -j- v ; the first two and last in a vertical row,
iii between and caudad to iia -\- iib and iv -)- v; vi on center of segment just above
foot. The tubercles or tubercular plates are largest and darkest on prothoracic seg-
ment, slightly less on next and paler on metathorax, and all are darker than the ab-
dominal plates.

Abdominal segments i dorsad and cephalad to ii, iii dorsad and close to spiracle,
iv and v united caudad and cephalad to spiracle vi above base of proleg and just be-
low it on base of proleg is another small tubercle bearing a single seta (vi-a?).

Anal shield not chitinous. Abdominal tubercular plates are moderately large,
pale brownish-yellow. Setse are pale, rather long, about half body diameter.
Crochets on abdominal feet in closed circles, hooks brown. Tubercles on head look
like tiny globules of clear glass resting on the flatter surface, the tubercles on the
body tubercular plates are also tiny globules or points, from which the setae arise.
Spiracles slightly elliptical and ringed with brown.

Skin slightly granulated and covered with very minute hairs.

Cocoon : Boat or hammock-shaped, pointed at each end, 15 to 20 mm. long, 3 to
4 mm. wide, of soft fine pure white silk of the same appearance and texture as the
egg-nests of some spiders.

Pupa : Bright chestnut, darker on dorsum, very smooth and rounded ; on each
abdominal segment dorsal surface is a finely fluted ridge, very minute hooks on anal
segment ; all abdominal segments free, no organs free but after dehiscence antennae
cases are free. 6 mm. long, 1.5 mm. thick.

Habits : Feeds on pith in main stalks of Cardans spinosisshnus,
from two or three to a dozen or more may be found in each stalk, they
excavate a gallery nearly its whole length, common to all ; gallery not
lined with silk, at convenient intervals and usually just above a new
joint or above where stalk branches forth are small holes, through
which the frass is ejected outside of the stalk. In fact an easy way
to ascertain if the stalks contain larvse is to examine them for consid-
erable masses of frass resting in the angle between the main stem and
branches.

All the larvae that I observed were within the stalks, but there is

119 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x.

evidence that they come outside, as the under side of the leaves was
covered with a slight web of silk. This may be the foundation for
cocoons which are spun under the leaves and below the thistle head in
any convenient partially protected angle. It is also possible that the
larvffi eat the epidermis from the under side of the leaves, as they ap-
pear to have been eaten in spots, but not nearly sufficient for the sus-
tinence of the larvae and my opinion is that their principal food is
the pith.

Mr. Meyrick makes the following comparison between bjerkandrclla
and carduiella :

"On comparison of your specimens of Choreutis with C. bjerkandrella, I am de-
cidedly of the opinion that, though very closely allied, they are quite distinct specific-
ally. It would be possible that the exhibition of connecting forms from other parts of
America might modify this view, but I do not know of any such. The points of dif-
ference on which I should rely are as follows :

1. C. bjerkandrella has a silver spot on the middle of the costa of the fore wing,
which is wholly absent in your species.

2. In C. bjerkandrella the two light fasciee of fore wing form white spots on
costa, in yours they do not.

3. In C. bjerkandrella \\\& anterior edge of the second light fascia is entire,
whilst in your species it is interrupted from the middle to near dorsum, there being a
fulvous streak in its place, which is absent in bjerkandrella.

4. The fasciae of lighter irroration are much broader and more extensive in your
species.

5. The silver streak on the anterior margin of the second fascia towards costa is
very much more oblique in your species.

6. In C. bjerkandrella there is a short white post-median bar in hind wings ; in
your species this is barely indicated by two dots or two white scales each, which are
moreover differently placed and nearer the termen.

These points appear to me to be all quite constant, and fully sufficient.

I enclose a specimen of C. bjerkandrella from New Zealand as a type for your
use ; I am not aware that it differs in any obvious way from South European ex-
amples.

Does the true C- bjerkandrella occur in America, or do the published records of
it refer to your species ?

Lord Walsingham's comparison of bjerkandrella and cardi/iel/a is
as follows :

" I am very much obliged to you for allowing me to keep the three specimens of
Choreusis sent for examination. I am not acquainted with any description of either
of them.

" At a time when I was not in possession of so large a series of North Amertcan
representatives of this genus as I now have, I was unable to separate specimens from
California or from Missouri from the European bjerkandrella Thunb., which has been

June, I902.] KeARFOTT : On NoRTH AMERICAN ChOREUTES. 120

joined K.o pretiosana Dup., by Staudinger. Zeller regarded these two European spe-
cies as distinct at the time when he identified specimens from Texas and Ohio as/rt"-
tiosana, and his specimens, now before me, are certainly nearer to this than to the
typical hjei-kandrella, but I now see differences which may possibly be of special value
in all of the American species.

"Your two New York examples are nearer to pretiosana Dup. {= ausiralis Z. )
the South European form, but they differ in having no markings on the under side of
the fore wings, and in the presence of a small metallic spot above the dorsum on the
inner edge of the first pale sprinkled band near the base. This occurs also in Zel-
ler's and Murtfeldt's specimens, but not in the European forms. I think your two
New York examples are distinct from all with which I am acquainted. Notably, in
the absence of a distinct pale streak on the upper side of the hind wings. As you
have compared it with American types you are probably justified in separating it. I
send you two specimens of silphiella Grote. It seems to me rather a stretch of imag-
ination to lump this with bjerkandrella.^''

Choreutis busckiella, sp. nov.

Dark brown, heavily overlaid with whitish scales, with only a trace of ochreous.

Antennae brown, ringed with white. Palpi brown, whitish at base. Head and
thorax brown, dusted with white, no ochreous scales, a few silvery metallic scales along
lower edge of patagia.

Basal area dark brown, a faint streak of ochreous below costa, in some specimens
no trace of ochreous, costa at base black, overlaid with metallic scales ; a wide dark
brown band beginning at costa extends downward half and then at right angles to hind
angle. On the lower end of this band is the usual velvety black patch ; in this species
it is large and almost rectangular, cut near its lower end by a double line of dark
brown ; between this dark band and basal area as well as the balance of fore wing is
of ground color heavily overlaid with whitish.

Metallic scales occur : a line on costa near base, a short line below on median
line and a few scales below this near hind margin ; on first white band, a line of
scales extending from costa nearly to hind margin just beyond first third, this line
interrupted twice and curving slightly outward at lower end ; three small spots in
oblique line from costa on dark brown patch, below this is short horizontal line ; a
line of scales beginning at costa outer third and following margin around apex and
outer margin to hind angle, interrupted once above and once below apex. Fringe
brown.

Hind wings grayish-brown, a short curved line of whitish scales about center of
outer margin and a few scattered whitish scales at apex. Fringe brown.

Under side fore wings immaculate, fuscous. Under side hind wings fuscous, nar-
row band whitish, parallel to outer margin, a shorter whitish line within this, and a
short dash about center of wing.

Abdomen brown, under side whitish. Under side thorax white. Legs brown,
sprinkled with white. Expanse, 12 to 13 mm.

Three specimens, Hastings, Florida. (A. J. Brown), March 15
and 16.

Type, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6307; co-type. Collections Dietz
and Kearfott.

121 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoL ix.

I am glad to honor this species with the name of my friend, Mr.
August Busck, to whom I am under many obligations for assistance
and advice, and who will, in a very brief time, be known as our
foremost American authority on Tineidse.

This species differs in the almost total absence of ochreous from
the thorax and fore wings, and in the almost uniform color of the latter.
The fore wing is divided almost equally into four bands, the basal and
second intermediate brown or black and the first intermediate and
marginal almost white. Its nearest ally is carduiella, and it may,
when the life-history is known, prove to be an extreme form of this.
It can be distinguished from carduiella by: (i) ochreous obsolete or
nearly so; (2) much lighter and whiter in color, and (3) whitish
curved line on hind wing.

Choreutis sororculella Dyar.

1890. Choreutis sororailella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 86.
1890. Choreutis so7'07-cul€lla Fkrnald, Can. Ent,, Vol. XXXII, p. 242.

Original description :

" Generally similar to bjerkandrella, Thunb., but without any traces of the yel-
low dashes at the base of the fore wings. The pale gray space in the middle of the
wing is sharply limited without and within by a paler line ; in the center of this space
is a large group of black and metallic scales ; beyond the pale line are no black
scales, but a regular, distinct, subterminal metallic line ; a subcostal metallic streak in
basal space. Hind wings with a white dash as in oniisfana.'^

" Two examples. Placer Co., California. June (A. Kcebele) ; U. S. Nat. Mus.,
type No. 4426."

I consider this a good species. It can be distinguished easily from
silphiella, gnaphaliella, etc., by the narrow whitish band next to
outer margin, which curves easily and evenly, slightly inwards to the
costa ; whereas, in silphiella, etc., this band is sharply right-angled
at about one-third from the costa besides broadening out into a spot.

The basal area of front wings is uniformly light fuscous, next out-
wardly is a large patch of whitish ; this patch only touches costa at a
point next to basal fuscous patch. Inside of white band along outer
margin are three velvety black spots, arranged in the form of a slight
crescent.

Distinguishing characteristics : ( i ) General color pale fuscous, no
ochreous, (2) marginal white band slightly curved, not angled, (3)
velvety black spots arranged in a crescent following line of outer
margin. Center spot slightly larger than other two.

June, I902.] Kearfott : On North American Choreutes. 122

Choreutis extrincicella Dyar.

1890. Choreuth extrincicella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 86.
1890. Choreutis extrincicella Fernald, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 242.
Original description :

< ' Light brown, head and palpi whitish. Fore wing with basal half brown, crossed
by a broad, straight, white line with a few silvery scales outwardly on costa. Ter-
minal half of the wing nearly white, except narrowly along outer margin, streaked
above with longitudinal, somewhat cuneate, lines of black scales, below containing a
single elongate, rounded, black patch with two groups of silvery scales ; similar scales
on outer border of white patch ; outer half of fringe white. Hind wings pale brown.
Expanse 12 mm."

"One male. Wisconsin. U. S. Nat. Mus., type No. 4427."

The species is more unlike the general bjerkafidrella type than any
of the genus. It is a very beautiful species and Dr. Dyar fortunately,
when making his description, had before him an almost faultless speci-
men. It can be recognized at once by the large amount of white on
the fore wings.

The largest patch of white almost entirely covers the outer half,
extending from costa to hind margin. Near the anal angle is a
velvety black spot, ornamented with metallic scales, this spot en-
croaches on and appears to be laid on the white. The outer margin
is light fuscous. The inner edge of the large white patch is bounded
by a broad almost straight fuscous band, next towards the base is a
narrower whitish band, the base of wing is fuscous. All of these
bands and colors extend from costa to hind margin. Hind wings are
immaculate and under side of all wings are free from whitish lines
and dashes and very pale in color.

It can be identified by : ( i ) Very large white patch on outer half
of fore wing; (2) a single rectangular velvety black spot on this
white area, near hind angle is also a very small black spot > shaped.
This is close to margin and just above the large black spot. (3) Hind
wings immaculate. (4) Under side of all wings very pale and free
from whitish marks.

Choreutis occidentella Dyar.

1890. Choreutis occidentella Dyar, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 86.
1890. Choreutis occidentella Fernald, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 242.

Original description :

"Grayish brown; basal half of wing of this color, with a curved white line
across its center. Terminal half of wing filled, except somewhat narrowly along
outer margin, by a large whitish patch, irrorate with brown scales, containing above

123 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x

a small black patch and below a large quadrate one, cut by a whitish line trans-
versely ; silvery scales along costa basally, middle of wing, subterminally and in the
black patch. Hind wings brown, immaculate. Below a faint, irregular, whitish, sub-
marginal line on hind wings and two costal dots on fore wings. Expanse 14 mm."
"One male. California (Coll. Beutenmiiller). U. S. Nat. Mus., type no.
4428."

I consider this a good species ; it can readily be separated from
silphiella by the absence of the ochrepus patch at base of front wings,
in place of which is a whitish curved band, convex outwardly, just
beyond base and extending from costa to hind margin.

The pattern of coloration and metallic scales on the apical half of
front wings is not unlike leucobasis, inasmuch as in each species there
is a large wheel -like or circular mark ; in occidentella the upper part is
defined by two white dashes on the costa, enclosing an area more or
less suffused with whitish scales, the lower part is defined by a pair of
velvety black spots. Dr. Dyar described the species from one speci-
men labelled "California." In my collection is one specimen from
Yellowstone Park, Wyo. , taken by Mr. Burrison late in June or early
July, 1900. My specimen differs from type only in that there is less
white in the circular mark referred to.

This species can be distinguished by : ( i ) Head, thorax and basal
half of fore wing brown, (2) curved white line from costa to hind
margin, close to base and (3) hind wings brown, not marked with
white lines or dashes.

Choreutis coloradella, sp. nov.

Head, thorax, fore wings dark brown, sprinkled with lilaceous scales ; basal hal
of fore wings broadly of ground color ; crossed in the middle by a faint curved lilaceous
whitish band, sometimes obsolete. Outer half washed with lilaceous, except at
margin, this area forming a large rounded patch reaching costa and inner margin,
obscurely divided in the upper half by blackish veins ; containing below an elliptical
patch of black slightly raised scales, truncated outwardly, divided by an almost verti-
cal line of whitish or faintly orange-tinted scales, marked with a few metallic scales.

A faint oblique metallic line from costa basal third to this patch below middle.
A small curved subapical metallic line. In some specimens ground color becomes
almost white in a dash bordering black patch above. Fringe blackish, interlineated
with white. Hind wings blackish, fringe interlineated with white. Fore wings dark
gray below, slightly washed with whitish towards apex, no definite lines. Hind wings
washed with whitish except on veins. Expanse, 13 to 18 mm.

Described from six specimens. Durango, Colo. (Dietz), south-
western Colo. (Dietz), Colorado (Fernald), top Las Vegas range 11,-
000 feet, New Mexico (Cockerell), Sitka, Alaska (Kincaid, Harriman

June, 1902.] KeARFOTT : On NoRTH AMERICAN ChOREUTES. 124

Exp.). National Museum. Type No. 6266. Co-types in collec-
tions of Dietz and Kearfott.

This species is very distinct from any other of this genus. The
wings are unusually elongate and it is the only species I have seen in
which the basal ground color so prominently occupies the inner half
of fore wings. The other half, excepting the outer margin and apex,
is almost uniformly overlaid with lilaceous scales ; thus the appearance
of the fore wings is of two colors, almost evenly divided, the inner
half brown and the outer half whitish. The upper surface of hind
wings is blackish-brown, unmarked with whitish lines or dashes, in
this latter respect alone it differs entirely from silphiella. But there
is hardly a doubt the two species could be mistaken for each other,
as siphiella is of various shades of light browns, yellows and ochreous,
whereas coloradella is dark brown or blackish and sordid. It is very
different in general appearance from occidejitella, the latter is well
marked with clearly defined and prominent white lines and bands
which are entirely absent in coloradella. Professor Fernald, Can. Ent. ,
XXXII, p. 242, 1900, under heading of C. occidentella, states he has
" long had this species in his collection, under the nzTneoi coloradella
and has so named it for others. ' ' I very much regret he did not publish
his description, as I am well convinced the species will stand, and I
take pleasure in giving it the name Professor Fernald had selected.

It can be distinguished by : ( i ) Large blackish brown basal area,
(2) absence of ochreous at base or thorax, and (3) blackish-brown
hind wings, unmarked.

Choreutis leucobasis Fern.

1900. Choretitis leucobasis Fernald, Can. Ent., Vol. XXXII, p. 242.

Original description :

" Expanse of wings 10 to 12 mm. Head, thorax and base of fore wings pure
white. Outer two-thirds of fore wings dark fuscous or reddish brown, with an oblique,
white costal streak before the apex, and two others of the same color, but much
smaller, on the costa between this and the white base of the wing. Outer part of the
wing more or less overlaid with white scales, so dense beyond the cell as to fuse and
form a distinct whitish patch.

" There are numerous clusters of metallic scales scattered over the outer part of
the wing, some of which form a curved line around the apex on the border, and there
are two large clusters of them resting on a black ground between the white patch and
the fold. Fringes reddish brown.

"Hind wings and upper side of abdomen fuscous. Under side of all of the
wings fuscous, with the white costal spots reproduced, and there are several whitish

125 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. x.

cross lines on the under side of the hind wings. Under side of the body white.
Legs white, annulate with black."

" Described from four specimens, two from London, Ontario, and two from
Massachusetts. This species was figured by the late Townend Glover in his unpub-
lished work on N. A. Lepidoptera, PI. 83, Fig. 21."

This is a good valid species and distinguished easily from all others,
now known, of this genus. Professor Fernald's types are from London,
Ont., and Mass. I have one specimen taken near Clarendon, Vermont ;
one specimen. National Museum. No locality label. Characteristics :
(i) Head, palpi, thorax and base of primaries (about one-quarter)
white; (2) large black patch near hind angle, primaries crossed ver-
tically by paler line of white and pink scales and a ring or eye like
spot of metallic scales with center black, metallic scales distinctly raised.
I would very much appreciate the privilege of examining addi-
tional specimens of this genus, and will take pleasure in naming and
returning promptly all examples that may be sent for that purpose,
and especially would be grateful for notes or information pertaining to
the larvae or early stages.

MoNTCLAiR, N. J., June I, 1902.

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW TINEOIDEA.

By W. D. Kearfott.

The majority of the following species are the result of breeding
from larvae found on various food plants in New Jersey.

I am indebted to Mr. August Busck for very kindly working up
the genera of most of the species, in fact more than half of the
species are described on his authority that they were unknown. I
have also to acknowledge my obligation to Mr. C. L. Pollard for all
the botanical determinations, excepting the conifera, also to Dr. W.
H. Ashmead for all identifications of the hymenopterous parasites, and
my thanks are especially due to Mrs. William Beutenmiiller, for the
very artistic and perfectly drawn figures for the plate that accompanies
this paper ; and it is with much pleasure that I can add my small testi-
mony to the generally conceded opinion, that Mrs. Beutenmiiller is the
first in the ranks of the entomological artists of this cguntry.
Symphysa adelalis, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs, ii and 20.

Head and thorax pure white, eyes black. Tongue short, yellow. Palpi short,
porrect, second joint with long loose projecting scales beneath, apical joint short, not
pointed ; color white, shaded with pale golden-brown. Antennte one third length of
forewing, ciliated ; basal joint white, enlarged, outer joints white, with annular rings
of pale brown on each, darker on the inside. Forewing pure white, a few pale brown
scales on median line at base, an interrupted band of the same from costa to inner
margin, before middle, the scales within this band on the inner margin are very long
and tipped with dark brown. An ovate discal spot of dark brown raised scales. A
sub-outer marginal band of very pale brown from costa before apex to inner angle,
broadening below and extending up to discal spot and below cell almost to and some-
times coalescing with inner band. A few raised yellowish scales, tipped with brown
on costa just before apex, in some specimens this is a well-defined spot, in strongly
marked specimens there are three small brown dots on outer margin, just below apex.
Cilia a pale brown inner band, then a nearly white band, scales tipped with dark
brown at apex, becoming paler below. The markings are repeated on the underside,
but intensified, and concentrated into two patches of dark brown, one before the dis-
cal spot and one subapical. Hindwing pure white, with two shades or patches of
light brown on the inner margin, the inner about middle of margin extends upward to
cell, the outer beginning at anal angle reaches to within a quarter or a third of apex,
nearly parallel to outer margin, in the darkest specimens these shades almost or quite
coalesce at their upper parts. There are two tufts of very long raised white scales,
tipped with brown, one on median line beginning at base and ending over inner brown
shade where the brown tips form a distinctly darker spot, the lower one extends from
inner angle to about inner third of dorsum, and the brown tips form another spot at

146 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

that point. In repose, especially when the wings are below the abdomen, so that the
dorsum is in profile these two tufts and the long thoracic scales form a dentate outline
of three prominent groups of scales. (The thoracic tuft white, the two dorsal tufts
dark brown. ) Cilia : white shaded with light brown lines, darkest opposite the dorsal
patch. Underside : the pattern of the upperside is more or less faintly repeated,
some specimens have three small dark brown dots, one about middle of cell, one on
same line half way between end of cell and outer margin and the third close to the
anal angle. Abdomen : first abdominal segment pure white, second shaded with
brown, others to apex dark brown, with white scales at incisions. Underside white,
slightly shaded with brown. Legs white, outer joints lightly shaded with brown. Alar
expanse 12 to 16 mm.

Described from 46 specimens, issued from July to 20 August 15.
Types U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 6970. Cotypes, Am. Mas. Nat. His.,
Acad. Nat. Science, British Museum and collection Kearfott.

Larva. — Full grown, 8 mm., extended 10.5 mm., flattened, annulated. Width
segments 4 to 11, 1.9 mm. ; width head i.l mm. broad, flattened, triangular, retractile
into 2 and 3 ; head very dark brown, almost black, shining, mouth parts paler, almost
square deeply cleft on top forming two well rounded lobes, shagrened ; clypeus tri-
angular, curving out slightly just above base, suture light brown. Antennfe long,
pale at base, two outer segments black, joints paler, ocelli brown on darker brown
field. Segments 2, contracted, smoky brown. Prothoracic shield divided from head
by pale cream color collar, narrow, but extending down almost to spiracles, color brown
clouded with paler shades and edged posteriorly and laterally with black. Anal shield
small, concolorous, roughened but not chitinous. Thoracic feet unusually long, claws
dark brown, upper segments pale brown. Four pairs abdominal feet but slightly de-
veloped, the crochets brown, small, circle slightly flattened or oval and not open, color
brown. Anal feet the same. Spiracles concolorous. Dorsal setce very short and
minute, lateral setae moderate, head setas long, nearly equal to width of head. Tuber-
cular plates large and polished, giving larva a shining appearance, the dorsal tubercles
on 3 and 4 are like prothoracic shield, chitinous, smoky brown.

Ptipa. — Very small for size of moth ; 6 mm. long, 1.6 mm. diameter at thorax,
rounded and tapering gradually to anal end which terminates in two very short knobs
on the cremaster, each armed with a single short recurved hair. Eye caps promi-
nent, oblong, reaching to vertex of head, clypeal space between eyes rather narrow
and nearly closed just above labrum ; labial palpi narrow, tapering to a point at their
posterior end which is two thirds distance from vertex of head to end of wing cases ;
latter and thoracic feet cover sixth abdominal segment ; antennal cases terminate
half way between tips of wing cases and end of labial palpi. No spines or hooks on
dorsal region. Setse minute. Dehiscence : upper half of labial palpi separates on
both sides thoracic feet cases, and remains attached to labrum, clypeus and eye caps.
Another long separation occurs on each side between antennal cases and wing covers,
also a split along dorsal line which extends to posterior edge of thorax.

About the latter part of June, 1901, when examining the tree trunks
at Anglesea, N. J., for small moths, I found a very interesting larval case
a little more than an eighth of an inch long roughly shaped like a flat-

Sept., 1903.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. I47

tened figure 8 but rounded out instead of indented in the waist and
which was made of very small particles of a nearly pure white lichen
(Plate IX, Fig. 20, enlarged) ; this lichen occurring in patches on
several species of trees in this sea- and wind-swept district, includ-
ing oak, holly and juniper. I felt very certain I had discovered the
habitat of one of our North American species of Adela, as the case
very closely resembles the cases of that genus as figured in Stainton's
Natural History of the Tineina, Vol. XIII.

Notwithstanding that an ample supply of the lichen was brought
home with it, the larva failed to get beyond the stage in which I found
it, although constantly watched until the spring of the following year.
When, in 1902 I visited Anglesea again, at nearly the end of June,
and began almost immediately on arrival a hunt to secure other cases
of my supposed Adela, sp. The trees were there and the patches of
lichen were common and for over two hours I scrutinized minutely
and as I thought exhaustively, with never a case to reward my search ;
almost on the point of giving up the hunt I threw myself down on
the soft white sand at the root of a large oak, and from force of habit
kept my eyes on the white lichen although it was seemingly barren of
insect life ; after a few moments steadily gazing at one spot I fancied
I witnessed a slight movement, still closer examination and the secret
was out — a full-grown case this time, with the larva busily eating, and
occasionally as he browsed, shifting his case a short distance and
then securing it again with a few threads of silk. In five minutes on
this same patch I had found eight more cases and in an hour or two
ten times as many.

The home of this larva is a very beautiful illustration of natural
mimicry, as it is composed of the pabulum of the insect, without
change of color and almost without change of form, flattened and
with edges pressed tightly to the lichenous bark, it is as nearly invisi-
ble as anything in perfectly plain sight can be, and I am afraid had
not my first larva taken the notion, at the moment I was looking
towards him, to move his house, he would be undiscovered to this
day. A fresh supply of food was brought back to the city with the
cases, and placed in a very large battery jar with the pieces of bark
secured to short thin boards and all stood on end in the jar, to imitate
the natural position of the bark ; an occasional sprinkling with a fine
hot-house syringe and the cover left off of jar to ensure plenty of fresh
air seemed to agree with the larvae as the increasing quantity of dry

148 Journal New York Entomological Society. [VoLxi.

powdery frass at the bottom testified. A month later several very-
delicate little pearly white moths made their appearance, and destroyed
my hope of an Adela, but as the habitat of this larva so closely resem-
bles that of an Adela larva, I have called it Adelalis, although to be
properly scientific I suppose it should be called in Latin the "Lichen-
feeding-^^^/^-like-case-bearing-almost-invisible-pyralid. ' '

It is placed tentatively in the genus Syinphysa, as its structure more
nearly resembles the species of this genus than any other with which
I am familiar, but there are certain differences in the moth as well as
entirely different habits of the larvse which will probably warrant the
erection of a new genus if nothing more closely allied than Syinphysa
can be found to accommodate it. The case is from 14 to 16 mm.
long, 6 to 7 ram. wide, 2.5 mm. thick in the middle. It is composed
of small particles of nearly white lichen, held together with silk, the
outside appearance is rough very much resembling the lichen on a
fairly smooth piece of bark ; the inside is neatly lined with a thin
layer of white silk.

The case is bivalvular, the under valve is only two thirds the length
of the upper, hence, at each end the latter overlaps the former, giving
a space for the larva to stretch head and two or three segments from
the closed case and feed in safety, entirely invisible, under the pro-
tection afforded by the projecting ends of the upper valve ; this item
of safety is further enhanced by the way the silk is spun into these
ends, causing them to lay with edges flat and pressed to the bark.

The case is begun with a hinge on one side, exactly like a pair of
clam shells, and is enlarged by adding to the outer edges and ends. On
the under side the concentric rings of slightly different shades of
lichen clearly indicate this. In shape the main or protected part of
case is roughly oval, but with the extension pieces of the upper valve
broadening out equal to its greatest width. Fig. 20 on Plate IX was
drawn from an imperfect case, in perfect specimens the outer ends are
smoothly and evenly rounded.

The larvae spend from eight to ten days in pupa. On June 26
about a dozen moths had emerged, while a considerable number of
larvae had not pupated. Only one brood, the moths, no doubt, lay
their eggs shortly after emergence, and I believe the eggs hatch and
small cases are begun in the fall, the insects wintering in this stage.

Sept., 1903.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 149

Crambus vachellellus, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 6.

Head, palpi and thorax lead color with a slight metallic luster. Fore wing dull
lead color, inner two thirds, with a number of nearly black lines ; one, beginning at
base extends parallel to costa to inner third where it divides for a short distance (about
one eighth), then joining again and ending before subterminal band. A second line
begins at costa on inner third, runs obliquely outward to band number one but does
not touch it, beyond this on costa a third oblique dash. Below band number one be-
ginning at base a fourth band descends obliquely towards anal angle, but stopping
before subterminal band, below this band number five runs parallel to number four,
number six, somewhat less distinctly defined parallels the last two. In the space be-
yond and below cell and between bands one and four are three short dashes of same
dark color. Between these dashes and also between bands four and five the ground
color is replaced by creamy white. The ground color of outer third of wing is bright
ochreous, crossed from costa to anal angle by subterminal band of metallic lead color.
This is angulated in center same as hortelhis. An apical dash of metallic and metallic
scales on cilia forming a terminal metallic band is also like hortellus. The three black
dots on lower half of outer margin are also repeated. Hind wings and under side of
both wings are dull lead color, cilia shining but not metallic. Abdomen lead color,
legs fuscous. Alar expanse 15 to 20 mm.

Size and markings same as Crambus hortelhis Hbn. but ground
color very dark lead grey, instead of pale cinereous as in our eastern
specimens oi horielliis, and while it may prove to be the same species,
the constancy of coloration in the long series before me will certainly
entitle it to a varietal name.

My species much more closely resembles Meyrick's description of
hortellus in his Handbook of British Lepidoptera than Fernald's de-
scription of this species in his Crambidaj of North America.

Described from forty specimens collected by Arthur H. Vachell,
Verdi, Nevada, June i to 10, 1903, and I take pleasure in naming it
after him. Mr. Vachell advises me that the specimens were all caught
in long grass.

Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6969. Cotypes, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Acad. Nat. Sciences, British Museum and collection Kearfott.

Thaumatopsis daeckeellus, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 14.

Eyes large, hemispherical, reddish-brown mottled with black, scales between
eyes, long, erect, light and dark brown mottled, same coloration extending over thorax,
base of antennae circled by a ring of cream- colored scales. Palpi long as head and
thorax, pointed ; long scales mottled ochreous fuscous and dark brown. Antennae
half as long as front wing, pectinated, dark fuscous. Front wing ochreous fuscous,
almost uniformly distributed over wing, except above median line ground color is a
shade or two darker. Conspicuously marked with a narrow white band on median
line beginning at base, clearly defined and distinct to end of cell, then gradually turn-

150 Journal New York Entomological Society, |VoI. xi.

ing to light brown (approximating ground color of wing) and continuing to outer
margin. No other lines or dashes. Cilia short, uniform with ground color. Hind
wing dark fuscous. Underside both wings dark fuscous. Abdomen dark fuscous,
terminal tuft shade lighter. Legs dark fuscous. Alar expanse 20 to 23 mm.

Described from five males, Liicaston, N. J., October 10, 1902.
Collected by E. Daecke in whose honor I take pleasure in naming
this very distinctive species. Mr. Daecke states that on October 10
the grass was fairly alive with specimens of this species, and as it
seemed so common he thought the few he caught would be sufficient
for all of his needs.

Zelleria celastrusella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. i.

Head : frontal tuft of long, overhanging, light gray scales, finely specked with
brown, and over the eyes forming rounded tufts, out of which the antennae arise.
Palpi porrect, one and a half length of head, second and apical joint about equal in
length, both tufted, the apical joint ending in a large rounded tuft, scales same color
as on head. Eyes black. Antennre : basal joint slightly thickened beneath, color
fuscous, more whitish on upper side of basal joints, and at incisions, length three quar-
ters of forewing. Thorax : rather closely appressed scales, whitish with fuscous spots
caused by tips of scales being so marked. Patagia long, appressed scales, same color as
thorax. Forewing : fuscous, with loosely appressed scales, about twenty single long,
black scales form as many black dots, four on costa before the middle, two just below
costa beyond the middle and two on costa before the apex, others are about evenly
distributed over the dorsal half of wing, a lighter shade crosses wing at inner fourth
bordered outwardly by a much darker patch, which is broadest just below costa, and
curves inwardly to a narrow band on dorsum. A distinct patch of white scales form
a spot on costa before apex, just at the beginning of the cilia, another patch of white
scales on outer margin between apex and outer angle, between these white patches is
a median shade of yellowish fuscous, beyond this shade and the white spots the cilia
is inwardly margined with black, cilia before apex ferruginous, a shade of pearly white
scales on cilia below lower white spot. A streak of lighter ground color from base to
angle between median and dorsal. Underside dark fuscous, nearly black at apex. A
costal white line on the outer half, ending in a white costal spot beneath the subapi-
cal spot on upper side. Cilia paler. A long pencil of dark fuscous hairs arise at base
and lay along costa. Hind wing : upper and under side uniformly dark fuscous, cilia
paler. Abdomen fuscous, speckled with lighter scales. Legs same as head and
palpi. Alar expanse 13 to 16 mm.

Described from about 200 bred specimens, Essex County, New
Jersey, larvae on Celastrus scaudens Linn, (climbing bittersweet).
Type U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 6817. Cotypes, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Acad. Nat. Sciences, British Museum and collection Kearfott.

Larva. — Mature, 9-10 mm. long, slender, tapering evenly to each end, slightly
annulate, width widest part middle segments 1.5 mm.; width head .45 mm. Head
olive greenish-brown, mouth parts light brown, ocelli black ; slightly flattened, in-

Sept.,iyo3l KeARFOTT : NeW AMERICAN TiNEOIDEA. 151

dented at top, lobes full and rounded. Clypeus triangular, reaching only half way to
vertex. Thoracic legs yellowish-green ; abdominal legs normal, complete crochets of
brown hooks. Skin vivid leaf green, slightly darker dorsal line and ventral sur-
face paler. Anal prolegs long, projecting back beyond anus. No lines or marks
on skin. Thoracic shield concolorous, but shining, tubercular plates concolorous and
inconspicuous. Spiracles minute, concolorous. Tubercle i at same height as ii, iii
directly dorsad to spiracle, iv caudad and ventrad to spiracle. Thorax ia --j- ib, iia -\- '
iib. Setre short and very slender, tubercles minute.

Pupa. — From empty pupal skin ; very thin and flimsy. Length 5.5 mm. Wing
and antennal cases extend down to extreme end of anal segment, the latter a trifle
beyond as two blunt points. Cremaster small, very slightly indented, armed with
two short hairs, each terminating in a small recurved hook. Labial palpi about half
length of wing cases and swelling out to twice its average width, at about one third
below labrum. Just below eye cap, on each side between labial palpi and prothoracic
feet cases, is a slightly indented oblique suture forming a small triangular space that
perhaps indicates the position of the maxillary palpi. Dehiscence, the ventral edge
of antennal cases on one side separate from prothoracic foot, and on the other side
the lateral edge of antennal case separated from wing case for about half their length.
Part of vertex of head, clypeus, labrum and about half of eye-caps remain cemented
to labial palpi.

Early in May the terminal twigs and almost every leaf of this

vine is crumpled and spun together by these slender green larvae,

each living separately. Pupated from May 15 to 20 and moths

began emerging May 27, continuing until middle of June. I have

not found any trace of a second brood. The larvae pupate within

the crumpled leaf, spinning a dense spider-web mass of white, silk,

pupa remains in cocoon when moth emerges. The moths have a

distinctive resting habit ; the legs are drawn up close to thorax and

latter is pressed down so that the ventral side touches the twig, the

wings are pressed tightly against abdomen and tilted up, at an angle

of fifteen to twenty degrees from the level of the surface on which

they are resting. In this position they can readily be mistaken for a

well-developed bud, as their general color is not unlike the bark of

the vine.

Recurvaria.

During the early spring of 1902 and 1903 I succeeded in breeding
moths of this genus from four different species of conifera, and after
having done so found I was able to clear up a case of wrong identifi-
cation with regard to one of the species.

In the Fifth Report of the U. .S. Entomological Commission, page
850, Fig. 284 is labelled Gelecliia obligiiistrigella Cham. The type
of obliquistj-igella Avhich Mr. Busck has e.xamined at Cambridge and the

152 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

U. S. National Museum is an entirely different species. Therefore,
Fig. 284 represents a species until now undescribed and which I pro-
pose to call piceaelhi after its food plant, red spruce in New England
and black spruce in Northern New Jersey.

Very closely allied to this species, and difficult to separate in the
perfect state, except for its average smaller size is a species that feeds
on Thuja occideuialis Linn, (arbor-vitae or white cedar), this species
I have named thujaella.

On Jiiuiperiis virginiana Linn, (red cedar) I have bred what I
believe to be the true obliquistrigeUa of Chambers.

On Jiiniperus couuminis Linn, (common juniper) is a fourth spe-
cies closely allied to the last, which I have wzxntA jiiniperella .

Two additional species were also bred on conifera which, having
similar larval habits, may be included in the following brief synopses.

On Piniis rigida Mill, (common pitch pine) the larvae of Para-
lechia pijiifoIieUa Cham, are common throughout northern New Jersey.

On account of its larval habits I am inclined to place this species
under the genus Recurvaria, but refrain owing to a strong protest
from my friend Busck whose opinion on the general subject and
especially generic distinctions I have much respect for ; although 1
am not convinced that he is entirely right in placing pinifoliella — a
miner of pine needles and our old friend iiiscripta Wlsm. (but here-
after to be known as cristifasciella Cham.), whose larva lives on oak,
between two leaves fastened together with silk, both together in his
new genus Paralechia ; and while the venation of these two species
may be identical, their appearance, in outline, coloration and general
superficial characters, as well as their habits, are very different.

On Tsiiga canadensis Linn, (common hemlock), Reai/Tan'a api-
citripiinctella Clem, (^abictisella Pack.) are common as larvae in March
and April in North Jersey.

The five first-named species are distinctly miners, excavating and
living within the leaflets or needles ; I was somewhat doubtful about
this being the case with the two juniper species, as juniper leaflets are
very much contracted at the joints, but careful examination with a
lens proved that narrowed as they are they are hollowed out in exactly
the same fashion as by the feeders on the long leaf pine and shorter
leaf spruce.

The leaf of the hemlock is so very fiat it is very doubtful if the
larvae excavate, at least in their later stages.

Sept., 1903 J Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 153

I have observed one habit common to all six species. Their eggs
are laid within a reasonable time after the moths' emergence (June
and July), in due course the young larvae hatch and begin a very
minute mine (the hemlock species I have not observed in its earliest
stage), which is slowly enlarged until cold weather causes torpidity,
and the larvae remain in these original mines until the earliest sunny
and warm spring days, when they desert the old mines and begin
new ones (in previous season's leaves) usually farther out or nearer the
end of the twig. One pitch pine needle is sufficient to complete the
larva's growth ; on spruce several are required and the holes in the
bases of these are connected together with slender tubes of silk, the
larva passing from one to another at will, and it may often be seen in
the tube, between two needles, seemingly enjoying the warmth of a
sunny day.

The above-named moths can be separated by the following synopsis.

Synopsis of Species.

1. Forewing with whitish band from base to outer margin, parallel to costa 2

Forewings without this band 3

2. Subcostal band on forewing continuous juniperella.

This band interrupted about one third from apex Obliquistrigella.

3. Forewing with three oblique costal dashes 4

Forewing without these dashes 5

4. Forewing grayish fuscous thujaella.

Forewing ochreous fuscous piceaella.

5. Forewing with three white vertical bands from costa to dorsum pinifoliella.

Forewings amber color, an oblique white streak from middle of costa.

apicitripunctella.

The following synopsis will indicate the principal differences in
the larvje ; the most similar pair of moths thujaella and piceaella are
very distinct in the larvfe. All comparisons are from mature larvae.

Synopsis of Larv.^;.

1. Head and prothoracic shield very dark brown, almost black 2

Head and shield light brown 3

2. Skin green apicitripunctella.

Skin brown pinifoliella.

Skin red thujaella.

3. An open red square on abdominal segments confined to dorsal region

obliquistrigella.

These squares extending to below spiracles juniperella.

Red predominating on dorsal and lateral regions piceaella.

154 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol xi.

Recurvaria thujaella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs. 8 and 21.

Head cream white, closely appressed scales. Palpi long, twice length of head,
descending, curved ; cream white, basal joint black, and a black streak on under
side of middle joint from base to half its length ; a narrow ring of black on terminal
joint near base and another just before apex. Antenna: : length two thirds of fore-
wing ; basal joint dark brown, without pecten, balance grayish-white with black an-
nulations at incisions. Thorax and patagia cream white. Forewing cream white ;
three outwardly oblique, roughly triangular, black costal patches, all edged outwardly
with whitish scales ; the inner begins at base and extends nearly to dorsum, the mid-
dle patch at inner third and the outer at outer third are both smaller and reach only
to median line ; with a denser cluster of black raised scales at lower apex of each
forming a distinct black dot ; below each, close to dorsum is a small black dot ;
close to costa between basal and middle patch is a sixth black dot, these six dots
are in three vertical pairs, almost evenly spaced and are all formed of black raised
scales bordered by one or two pure white scales. The outer patch is bordered by a
white line from costa, curving obliquely outward to middle of wing and then obliquely
inward to dorsum. Beyond this white line on costa is a patch of ground color more
or less evenly overlaid with dark brown scales, beyond this on outer margin is a wide
band of blackish-brown and a paler streak at extreme outer edge. On costa before
apex are three small black dots, also one at apex, one on outer margin close to apex
and one close to outer angle, these six spots are of black raised scales with one or
two white scales bordering each ; the apical spot is narrowly ringed with ground
color, this ring is bordered by darker scales, these scales being condensed into a fine
semicircular line on extreme apical margin, the whole forming a clearly defined apical
ocellus. Cilia above apex, short, ground color heavily overlaid with black, below
apex longer and less overlaid with black, on inner margin light gray and as long as
width of wing. Cilia indented at inner angle. Under side smoky gray, a pale
whitish narrow shade along costa at outer third and several lighter shades on costa
before apex. Cilia much paler, especially along outer margin where it sharply
contrasts with dark gray of wing ; this lighter shade turns the corner of the apex.
Hind wing light gray ; cilia same, about one and a quarter as long as width of wing.
Under side same, but slightly darker. Abdomen creamy white, under side shaded
with brown at anterior and middle segments. Legs creamy white, each joint ringed
or shaded with dark brown. Alar expanse 8.5 to 10 mm.

Described from forty-two specimens, bred from Thuja occidentalis,
Linn., the common arbor-vit^e used extensively for hedges, and also
known as white cedar when allowed to grow into trees.

Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6964. Cotypes, Am. Mus. Nat.
Hist., Acad. Nat. Sci., British Museum and collection Kearfott.

I.nrva. — Slender cylindrical, tapering only close to ends, slightly annulate,
length 7.5 mm. Width central segments, i mm. Width head .5 mm. Head jet
black, narrow pointed, scarcely indented at apex, lobes rounded, clypeus narrow,
triangular, reaching to within one third of vertex. Prothoracic shield dark brown
nearly black bisected by a faint green line and separated from head by a narrow
green collar. Anal shield small, black. Thoracic feet black-brown ; abdominal feet

Sept., 1903.1 Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 155

normal, hooks brown in small complete crochets. Skin dull red, slightly tinged with
purple, greenish in incisions between segments pink on ventral surface.

Pupa. — From empty pupal shell. Length 4.5 mm., slender, cylindrical, taper-
ing evenly to anal end, which is rounded, not pointed, and armed with two short
recurved hairs. Wings and antennce extend down to posterior edge of fifth abdominal
segment. Labial palpi slender, tapering evenly to almost a point and half as long as
wings. Vertex of head rounded and smooth, eyes rounded, moderate, prominent.
Dehiscence accomplished by labial palpi, to which is attached labrum, clypfeus, and
eye caps, separating from prothoracic feet covers, on one side the split extends down
to lower end of palpi. On dorsal line the split extends length of thorax. Pupa
remains in cocoon when moth emerges.

The eggs are deposited in the summer, and young larvae begin
mining in the preceding year's leaves, avoiding the tender and resin-
ous young leaves of the present year ; they are probably more than
half grown by fall and hibernate in this stage. In the very early
spring, late February and early March, on warm sunny days the larvae
can be seen travelling a few inches farther out the twig and starting a
fresh mine, this time in the growth that was new their first year.

The interior of the peculiar close-jointed leaves, is completely
excavated, causing the empty leaves to turn yellow, and these small
patches are easily seen as contrasted with the natural dark green foli-
age (Plate IX, Fig. 21, enlarged). When ready to pupate the
larva lines one of the leaflets with white silk, making a roomy little
cell and begins pupating latter part of May, first moths emerged June
7, and continue during June.

A few hymenopterous parasites were bred, issuing about the same
time as the moths, which Dr. Ashmead describes as new in this num-
ber of the Journal (p. 144) under the name of Protapanteles recuj--
varicB Ashm.

Recurvaria piceaella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs. 10 and 19.

Markings same as thiijaella, except the light shades have an ochreous tone
rather than fuscous as in thujaella. The average size of piceaella is about i mm.
greater than of piceaella. Otherwise, the two species are very difficult to separate
in the imago state, and my only justification in making two species is in the consider-
able difference in the larvK and their food plants. Alar expanse, 9.5 to 1 1. 5 mm.

Described from fourteen specimens bred from black spruce, Picea
mariana Mill., Montclair, N. J. Issued May 30 to June 18, 1903.
Type, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6962. Cotypes Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
and collection Kearfott.

Lmva. — Same shape as larva of thujaella, but instead of black the head is pale
brown, prothoracic shield same but lighter. Skin red on dorsal, lateral and ventral

156 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

regions, a dark green patch on each abdominal segment, on central dorsal area. On
ventral surface of thoracic segments, between each pair of legs is a deep purplish red
spot ; on segments 5 and 6 there is one such spot on each segment on center line.

This species is so well represented by Fig. 284, page 850 of the
Fifth Report of the United States Entomological Commission, that a
detailed description is hardly necessary. Dr. Packard states that the
alar expanse of the specimens before him was 13 mm. I have not
bred or seen any specimens exceeding 11. 5 mm.

Parasites : P7'otapanteles recurvarice Ashm., same as above.

From the same batch of larvae from which the above issued were
bred three almost black specimens which, below, I have given the
varietal name of nigra.

Recurvaria piceaella var nigra, var. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 9.

Face cream white, slightly irrorated with smoky brown, scales closely appressed,
vertex same but smoky brown predominates. Palpi long, curved upwards, outer end
of second joint enlarged, apical joint about half as long as second, obtusely pointed.
Color inside and top of second joint cream white, underside fuscous, irrorated with
black, outside dark brown, nearly black, with two small spots of creamy white on
inner end and a large white spot at outer end. Outer joint a white annulation at
base, center and apex, between these are two rings of blackish-brown. Antenna; :
basal joint black, slightly enlarged, about three fifths length of front wing, annulated
with cream white and fuscous. Thorax shiny fuscous, irrorated with brown scales.
Fore wing : color dark brown, nearly black on costa, evenly shading to a few degrees
lighter on dorsum. Marked by three conspicuous oblique white costal spots, evenly
spaced, first at inner fourth, second about center and outer at apical third. A black
spot close to costa beyond- first white spot and two black spots below it, one on median
line and one close to dorsum, both outwardly edged with white. Below middle white
costal spot is a smaller white spot on median line, below this but slightly towards
base is another black spot edged outwardly with white. A larger black spot close to
dorsum at outer two thirds, edged with white costad, and a smaller black spot just
above it, this latter has a white scale on each side dorsad. The outer white costal
spot extends obliquely to median line, then proceeds at right angles inwardly to
dorsum, forming a > , beyond this the ground color is dark fuscous, heavily overlaid
with black scales, and with three small median spots of white in aline parallel to costa
before apex, and one just above anal angle on outer margin. Cilia dark fuscous,
inside light fuscous. Hind wing very dark fuscous, cilia paler, underside of both
wings same. Abdomen dark fuscous, anal tuft dark cream. Legs fuscous, annulated
with cream color. Alar expanse 10 mm.

Three specimens bred from picea mariaua Mill. Type U. S. Nat.
Mus., No. 6963. Cotypes Am. Mus. Nat. Hist, and collection Kear-
fott.

Sept., 1903.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 157

Recurvaria juniperella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs. 3 and 17.

Head creamy ochreous white, closely appressed scales. Palpi long, second
joint thickened with appressed scales, third joint nearly as long as second, slender,
bluntly pointed, slightly drooping, curved outward and upward ; color cream white,
with dark brown or blackish scales on basal joint, on under side and extending up-
wards in two patches on outer side of middle joint, forming basal ring and a short
streak on under side of terminal joint, this last streak joining a subapical ring. Anten-
nse : basal joint without pecten, whitish clouded with brown, other joints with annu-
lations of white and brown, about two thirds length of forewing. Thorax creamy
white, less ochreous than head, irrorated with light brown. Forewing : creamy
white, a sharply defined narrow band of black raised scales sightly and evenly
curved from base along median line to apex of wing, at base this black band extends
to costa to one eighth ; above this band'the ground color is more of a pearly white,
and forms a distinct whitish streak ; on costa at inner third is a short line of black
and at outer third a longer line of black, the latter broadening at outer end into
a triangular patch almost reaching median band. Four almost evenly spaced dots
of black raised scales parallel to and about midway between median bands and
inner margin, a fifth dot vertically above the outer on the costal edge of the median
band. Three other dots in a line along outer margin ; all of the dots are of black
raised scales bordered by one or two white scales. Cilia at apex and outer margin
mottled with dark brown, at inner margin pale gray. Under side browni.sh-gray,
darker along costa and at apex. Hindwing : upper and under sides pale gray.
Abdomen creamy white, darker beneath. Legs creamy white, streaked and spotted
with reddish-black, the latter color predominating on first pair, only the incisions are
white. Alar expanse 9.5 mm.

Thirteen bred specimens on Juniperus coinmiinis Linn., Essex Co.,
N.J.

TypeU. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6965. Cotypes, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
and collection Kearfott.

Larva. — Slender, cylindrical, slightly and evenly tapering to each end, 5-6
mm. long, 9 mm. extended. Width widest part 1.3 mm. Width head .55 mm.
Head high or long, slightly flattened on face, slightly bilobed at top, lobes
small and rather acutely rounded. Clypeus triangular, to within one third of vertex,
narrow. Color, head light brown, mouth parts darker, ocelli black, antennce very
short. Prothoracic shield concolorous with head, size moderate, to subdorsal line.
Thoracic legs light greenish-brown, abdominal legs normal, hooks yellow in com-
plete crochets. Skin pale dull green, tinged with dull pink laterally on dorsum
and on posterior edges each segment, and a double pink line across the anterior edge
of each abdominal segment. The pink shading is concentrated into oblique dashes
behind and below the spiracles. Ventral surface paler green. Tubercular plates in-
conspicuous, setae weak and short.

Pupa. — From empty pupal skins. Length 3.8 mm. Slender, slightly flattened
tapering evenly to end of anal segment, which is rounded smoothly with no trace of
a cremaster, armed with a dozen or more very short fine hairs, with small recurved
hooks on their tip ends, on dorsal and ventral surfaces, principally on former ; later-

158 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

ally on each abdominal segment is a minute spur and minute stit^' hair, to assist pupa
to make its way to hole prepared for emergence of moth. Wing cases half way
overlap sixth abdominal segment, labial palpi, half length of wing covers, are slen-
der, very slightly enlarged at one third. 1 do not recognize any indentation or marks
indicating maxillary palpi. Dehiscence : labial palpi separated on both sides for
its entire length except lower end, from the prothoracic feet, the antennal cases are
laid between the metathoracic feet and wing covers. To the labial palpi are attached
the labrum, clypeus, a small part of the vertex of head and inner half of eye cap.
Apparently segments six and seven are free.

A new hymenopterous parasite was bred from this species, described in this
number of the Journal (p. 144) as Orgilns keaj-foi/i Ashm. '

Qnorimoschema busckiella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs. 7 and 8.

Head : cream white, loosely appressed scales, irrorated with bronze- brown.
Palpi : long, drooping, curved, twice length of head, upper, inner surface of sec-
ond joint and basal half of third joint same as head, outer and under side the
brown predominates, with a few specks of white ; apical half of third joint, brown
predominates, same as under side. Second joint tufted on under side, outer edge
dentate, apical joint half length second, slender, slightly rough beneath, pointed.
Antennae two thirds length of forewing, basal joint slightly larger than next,
bronze-brown speckled with white, outer joints alternate rings of bronze-brown and
white. Thorax and fore wings bronze-brown, irrorated with white, the basal half of
each scale is white, outer and overlapping half bronze-brown, the white irrorations
are caused by the brown not entirely covering the basal white. This arrangement of
scales is uniformly distributed over the wing, except on the costal margin outer
quarter and outer margin, where on account of the greater length of the scales, more
white is exposed and the colors are almost equal. On the outer margin the same
coloration extends half way out on the cilia. Underside dull brown, with a very faint
wave-like whitish irroration, more distinct at apex. Hind-wing : both upper- and
underside and cilia fuscOus. Abdomen : bronze-brown, irrorated with whitish-brown
at incisions on upper side, and over entire under surface, tufts of whitish-brown scales
along each side. Legs : same ground color, with small specks of whitish brown, with
an almost white annulation at each incision; Average alar expanse 16 to 19 mm.,
one specimen only 11 mm.

Fifty-five specimens bred from larvse forming a peculiar gall on
the lateral shoots of Aster patens Ait., from Caldwell, N. J., issued
during October. Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6818, and Cotypes
Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Acad. Nat. Sci., British Museum and collection
Kearfott.

Larva. — Cylindrical, robust, tapering only at extreme ends, length 10 mm.,
width abdominal segments 2 mm., width head .8 mm. Head small, rounded, bilobed,
color dark brown, paler on front of lobes, clypeus narrow, evenly triangular, reach-
ing to apex ; paraclypeal pieces dark brown ; ocelli black, antennse moderate, basal
segment whitish. Prothoracic shield a darker shade of yellow than skin, triangular,
bisected by paler dorsal line, anal shield same, very narrow and small, neither chit-

Sept., 1Q03.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 159

inous. Thoracic feet concolorous, a small triangular brown spot cephalad and ventrad
to each. Abdominal feet normal, small crochets of hooks complete, in minute circles.
Skin uniformly pale yellow, dorsal line and anal segments smoky yellow, from
food visible through clear skin. Spiracles minute, concolorous. Tubercular plates
obsolete, tubercles very minute, setaj short and very minute, pale yellow.

Pupa. — From empty pupal skin : length 7 to 8 mm., width 1.8 mm. to 2 mm.
Shape cylindrical, gradually tapering from thorax to anal segment, emergence
affected by a split on dorsal line to and through mesothorax, on ventral surface the
separation occurs on outside edge of one eye piece, and almost an even line to base
of labial palpi, the latter is separated from adjoining tissue but remains attached at base.
Wing cases, antennae, and metathoracic feet extend down to posterior edge of seventh
abdominal segment. Labial palpi to posterior edge of third abdominal segment. Eye-
covers very small, clypeus small, narrow triangular at lower edge where it joins
labrum. I cannot make out a distinct suture defining maxillary palpi. Anal seg-
ment terminates in an obtuse point, no defined cremaster or hooks, both dorsal and
ventral surfaces are evenly smooth, free from deep sutures or hooks and setse are so
short as to be mvisible under a lens of moderate power.

Late in August, last year, I noticed in a swampy meadow near
Caldwell, N. J., a large proportion of the common late purple aster
(^ Aster patens h.\\..') with their lateral twigs or branches dwarfed in a
peculiar manner (Plate IX, Fig. 18, enlarged), and on investigation
found each of these twigs to contain a lepidopterous pupa.

This year, I have made almost weekly examinations of the plants,
and not until late in July were the larvae found, apparently nearly full
grown as they began pupating the first week in August.

A moth was caught on a warm day late in November, having been
beaten up from its resting place close to or almost on the ground.

Another peculiarity in connection with the life-history of this
species is that it seems to be partially dependent upon the habits of
another insect to prepare its habitat. Each of the Aster plants on
which biisckiella larvae or pupae were found in the lateral stems, were
tenanted in the main or central stem by a single larva of Thiodia ra-
diatana Wlsm., a large Tortricid. This larva makes a long burrow or
excavation, three or four inches long, open at the top, destroying the
central bud ; thus the plant, pruned at the top, immediately starts a
vigorous growth of laterals. On some plants as many as a dozen were
found, each tenanted by biisckiella. The Tortricid larva remains in
the stem throughout the winter, deserting it late in March or early
April and pupates on the ground, in a closely spun brown cocoon
among the dried grass, leaves, etc.

The life cycle of biisckiella then appears to be : Hibernation in the
perfect state, eggs laid during June, after radiatana has dwarfed the

160 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

plant and thereby started many tender lateral twigs, larvae full grown
and pupated early in August and moths emerging during September
and early October.

The effect produced by the larva of this species on the aster twig,
is to hinder its growth at its outer ends, causing the leaves to be closely
crowded together, and closely massed somewhat like a wide-open cone
of hemlock or spruce. The stem, for about two inches of its outer
length is also swelled to about twice the diameter of the portion of the
stem below the gall. There is no opening at all in this cell, during
the larval period, but just before pupation a hole large enough for
moth to crawl out is cut in the upper portion, but not entirely through.
The thin outer skin is left intact to be broken by the moth. So the
frass cannot be ejected, and as but a thin dark layer is found in the
lower end of the cell, I am inclined to think that the greater part of
the excretion is absorbed in the live and growing tissue of the plant.

I have observed the same state of affairs in the large plum -like
galls on goldenrod of Gnorimoschema gallcKSolidaginis Riley. The
query arises : Are not the galls produced by the absorption into the
cells of the plant, of this unaccustomed liquid rather than by any
mechanical action caused by the larva eating ? It would not be diffi-
cult to learn something more about this, by the use of a hypodermic
syringe, to inject the liquid squeezed from a few pellets of frass into
the soft tissues of various perennial or other plants.

The moth emerges from pupa within the cell, leaving the empty
pupal shell within.'

Gnorimoschema artemisiella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 5.

Head, thorax and palpi grayish-white, irrorated with darker scales, face white.
Second joint palpi thickened, outer joint two thirds length of second with a basal
and subapical band of brown scales, patagia terra-cotta. Antennoe two thirds length
forewing, basal joint mottled, outer joints annulated light gray and black. Fore-
wing ochreous, pink, or terra-cotta, heavily overlaid with streaks and bands
of mottled gray and black, running parallel to costa. The costa is narrowly
edged with this secondary color, a streak from base along median line curving into
costa at one half; this color also predominates along inner margin. On apical third
the black and gray dots are formed into narrow streaks or dashes radiating to outer
edge and extending over cilia. ' There are three small black dots of raised scales,
one on costa at inner fourth, one in cell just before outer end and one on median line
beyond cell. There is a considerable degree in variation in different specimens,
some are so heavily overlaid with the secondary color that the ground color is re-
duced to three narrow streaks, one just below costa, one along median line and the
lower one in fold, these only extending to end of cell with just a bare indication of

Sept., iqo3.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 161

the ground color on the outer half between the nearly parallel radiating lines of the
secondary color. In other specimens the ground color occupies more than half of
the inner half and extending down to inner margin. Underside fuscous with second-
ary color on apical cilia. Hindwingsl ight gray, cilia fuscous, under side same. Ab-
domen : upper side terra-cotta, but more ochreous than on forewing ; anal segment
grayish-white, underside pearly white, a double row of black dashes on either side
of segments 6 to 9. Legs same color as underside of abdomen, tinged and mottled
with brownish black. Alar expanse 9 to II mm.

Described from twenty-four specimens bred from Arternisia Cana-
densis Michx., received in June, 1902 and 1903, from my friend Mr.
Jos. H. Reading, of Chicago. I also have one specimen of what is no
doubt this, same species, collected by Dr. R. E. Kunze, July, 1900,
Pinal Mountains, Arizona ; Mr. Busck advises me that in the U. S.
National Museum are specimens of this same species, unnamed, bred
by Miss Murtfeldt on Astemisia, from St. Louis ; indicating a rather
extensive range. Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6816. Cotypes Am.
Mus. Nat. Hist., Acad. Nat. Sci., British Museum and collection
Kearfott.

Lai-va. — Cylindrical, slender, tapering evenly from 7 to anal segment, annulate.
Length 8 mm. Width I mm. Head .6 mm. Head small, rounded, slightly bi-
lobed, clypeus evenly triangular, extending nearly to apex. Ocelli black, antennae
minute. Head yellowish-brown, retractile under 2. Prothoracic shield moderate,
triangular, mottled brown, bisected by paler dorsal line, and an almost black spot
each side of dorsal line on posterior edge. Anal shield pale yellowish-green, small,
shining but not chitinous. Thoracic feet clear yellowish-green, tipped with brown ;
abdominal feet normal, small, circles complete. Skin dull sordid green, not shining.
Tubercular plates not developed, tubercles small black raised points, no other marks
except discoloration from food showing through dorsal area. Setae very weak and
minute.

Pupa. — Lengths mm., width across thorax 1. 5 mm., very slightly flattened. Sur-
face generally smooth, tapering gradually to blunt point end of anal segment, which is
armed with a radiating zone of very minute stiff hairs before the apex. Vertex of
head and upper part of clypeus full, rounded, and extending up above the eye cases,
latter small, round, prominent and well defined. Beneath the eyes, on each side of
labrum, is a small raised process consisting of a parallel pair of narrow short eleva-
tions, which may indicate the maxillary palpi. Labial palpi broadened out about the
middle of its length and terminates just before the prothoracic feet, about one half
length of wing cases. Latter with antennae cover fifth abdominal segment. Dehis-
cence : Pupal skin is very flimsy and fragile and difficult to rescue without fracture
from its cocoon, but there appears to be one long break on each side of labial palpi,
this organ remains attached at posterior end, and remains united to labrum and clypeus.
The cap on vertex of head and eye covers are entirely separated ; antennal cases re-
main attached to wing covers.

The teriTiinal leaves of this plant resemble a long silvery green

ijinr^^

162 Journal New York Entomological Society, [Voi. xi.

tassel, composed of a thick mass of velvety needle- like leaves. This
tassel is webbed together by a small green larva, that partially ex-
cavates the tip of the twig and feeds close to the bases of the leaves.

The majority had pupated by the first of July in a tough compact
little cocoon well hidden in the mass ; the first moth issued July 3
and continued until July 17.

Three different species of hymenopterous parasites were bred from
this species, namely, Iseropus inquisitor ^tdiy, Temehuha nartii K^vi\.,
Protapanteles caccecice Riley.

Anacampsis coverdalella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 15.

Head : closely appressed scales, thorax dark purplish-brown. Palpi same color,
slender, long pointed. Antennae : basal two fifths same color, outer three fifths
canary yellow, length tour fifths of wing. Front wing : base from costa to inner
margin dark purplish-brown, from base to oucer fourth canary yellow, outer fourth
same as base and thorax — both division lines vertical from costa to inner margin,
slightly serrate. The yellow color along costa a shade paler than below median line.
Cilia very short, unicolorous with adjacent portion of wing. Underside brownish
fuscous shading into darker gray fuscous beyond outer third ; a small basal costal
patch of nearly black purple brown. Hind wing fuscous, cilia slightly paler and as
long as breadth of wing ; underside the same. Abdomen : first two abdominal seg-
ments canary yellow, others purplish-brown, same as thorax. Underside fuscous.
Legs fuscous, tarsi and spurs purplish-brown, nearly black. Alar expanse 1 1.5 mm.

Specimens collected by George Coverdale, Natchitoches Parish,
La., after whom I take pleasure in naming this distinctively marked
species. Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6967. Cotype collection Kearfott.

Epimenia cicutaella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Figs. 12, 15 and 16.

Head : closely appressed scales, fuscous, each scale tipped with a minute dot of
brown — making a finely speckled appearance. Thorax and patagia the same, but
the latter a darker fuscous. Labial palpi long, recurved, apical joint about half second,
thickened with loose scales, rather obtuse; yellowish fuscous inside, lower edge
tipped with dark brown ; outside same but much darker, apical joint dark brown, with
minute yellowish specks. A narrow ring of yellow on middle joint at outer end.
Antennae about three quarter length forewing, basal joints slightly enlarged, dark
brown, outer joints ringed with brown and pale gray. Forewing creamy white,
irrorated with brown and black dots. The brown color is massed into a smoky
brown shade on and parallel to costa beginning just before half and extending to
outer two thirds, the shade is darkest brown along median line, its inner edge extends
obliquely to inner margin and is there accentuated by largest dentate pencil of scales
referred to below ; the lower edge of shade is sharply defined by paler ground color,
just below median line, somewhat reniform, with inner lobe twice length of outer.
Beyond this in apical third along median line is another smoky brown shade longer
than wide, and a very small one just beyond base on median line. At base of wing is

Sept., 1903.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 163

a short median dash of black. The costa is also marked with about eight small
clusters of black scales irregularly spaced. The inner margin is strongly dentate by
four clusters of long scales, whitish at base and tipped with black; the largest cluster
at inner third, the outer three evenly spaced within the middle third ; a small black
spot between two brown shades, on median line at outer two thirds and another black
spot on outer margin just below apex. Cilia pale fuscous, more than the width of
wing, on outer margin long wing scales project into cilia forming a smoky line bounded
inwardly by ground color and outwardly by pale fuscous and extreme edge beyond
that smoky fuscous, at apex the cilia is uniformly dark, forming a hook-like termi-
nation to wing. Underside dull fuscous. Hindwing, upper- and underside bright
silvery fuscous. Cilia very long, three to four times wings' width. Abdomen and
legs fuscous, latter banded with very dark brown. Alar expanse 13 to 14.5 mm.

Forty specimens bred from larvae on flower heads of Cicuta
maai/afa Linn., water hemlock, Essex County, N. J. Type U. S.
Nat. Mus., No. 6815. Cotypes Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Acad. Nat.
Sci., British Museum and collection Kearfott.

Larva. — Mature 6.5 mm., robust, cylindrical, slightly tapering, width i mm.
Width head .6 mm. Head very pale brown, clypeus evenly triangular, reaching
nearly to vertex; slightly bilobed, lobes full and rounded. Mouth parts dark
brown, antennse moderate, pale green, except outer joint brown. Ocelli on black
field. Prothoracic shield, all of dorsal region, bisected by a narrow yellowish line,
same color as tubercular plates. Anal shield small, narrow, not chitinous. Thoracic
feet black, greenish-yellow at articulations. Abdominal feet normal, hooks very dark
brown in complete circles, not open. Skin creamy white, broad subdorsal band of
a smoky brown or pale grayish-brown from segment 3 to anal segment, involving
tubercles i and ii. These bands are continuous from 5, and on 3 and 4 are inter-
rupted between tubercular plates. The latter on thorax and abdomen are large and
same color as subdorsal bands, but a shade darker. Tubercles i and ii normal, iii
dorsad and cephalad to spiracle iv -(- v. On thorax ia -j- ib, iia -\- iib, iv -|- v.
Setae moderate, very dark nearly black. Spiracles small, round, very dark brown.

/"?</«. —Nearly cylindrical to ends of wing cases, then evenly tapering to apex.
Length 5 to 6 mm. ; diameter i mm. Cremaster long, narrow, armed with about a
dozen short hairs, each terminating in a strong recurved hook, all pointing backwards.
Vertex of head full, rounded, smooth, and much paler in color than balance of
pupa, eye cases small, rounded, labrura small, labial palpi widens to double width of
labrum at one third below it, and extends down two thirds length of wing-covers.
Antennse and wing cases cover seventh abdominal segment, organs on frontal piece
well defined, sutures deep. A lateral spine on abdominal segments 4 to 7. Color of
pupa, except vertex of head, very dark brown, nearly black on dorsum. Dehiscence :
A long separation between antennal cases and labial palpi, on each side of latter and
extending two thirds their length ; labrum and clypeal piece remain attached to
labial palpi ; half of eye cap attached to wing cover. Antennae remain cemented
to wing covers on lateral edges.

Miss Murtfeldt* described an Ephnenia which she bred from
*Can. Ent., XXXII, 162, 1900.

164 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xi.

Pimpinella integerrima Linn., a plant closely allied to Ciciita ; I have
con:ipared my species with specimens of Pimpinella Murtf. , in the
U. S. National Museum and there is no doubt they are distinct.

The food-habits are also different. My species lives on the flower
heads of Ciciita maculata Linn., and when the seeds are formed it
excavates their contents (Plate IX, Fig. i6, enlarged). In fact the
majority of larvae found are more than half buried in a seed. Al-
though carefully examined a number of times before the seeds formed,
I was unable to find any indication on the leaves that the larvae had
at any time mined them. When ready to pupate the larva makes
brown silk open-mesh cocoon, invariably spun either on the upper or
under side of the seed heads, between the radiating stems on which
the seeds are borne.

My species is very similar to but quite distinct from the European
E. chcerophyllella " G z . *

Larvae mature and begin pupating first week of August. Moths
emerge August 1 8 to 27.

The discovery of this species was rather an accident. An unusual
looking insect on the flower head of Ciciita caught my eye whilst
looking carelessly at the plant ; close examination showed it to be a
moth just out of the pupa, with wings as tiny pads ; it was bottled
and allowed to develop and dry and a careful search made for other
specimens, which were soon found in considerable numbers, but all
on that date, August 20, as pupee. The larvae were not turned up
until nearly a year later.

One parasite was bred from this species, Ise?'opus inquistor Say.

Epimenia ramapoella, sp. nov. Plate IX, Fig. 4.

Head, palpi, thorax, patagia, abdomen and front wings pale creamy brown faintly
tinged with red, and irrorated with very minute dots of fuscous. Front wings : Three
small black dots along median line, one at inner third, one at half and one at outer
third ; two small dots of black on costa just before apex. Irregularly dentate along
middle third of inner inargin, defined by two clusters of longer scales, all tipped
with black. At base of wing and along inner margin before anal angle ground color
is less creamy brown and more whitish-gray, while on apical third the brown scales
are closer together, becoming intensely brown at apex. Cilia shining brown, shading
into dark fuscous at apex, length not quite width of wing. Hind wing gray, cilia
same as front wing and about twice width of wing. Underside both wings and
cilia shining brown. Underside abdomen dark brown, except outer edges each seg-
ment light brown. Legs same as general ground color, a shade paler at joints.
Alar expanse 14 to 16 mm.

*Meyrich, Handbook Br. Lep., p. 691.

Joiirn. N. V. Etit. Soc

E.L Beuteninul/er

New Tineoidea.

Sept., 1903.] Kearfott : New American Tineoidea. 165

Described from five specimens, all taken at Ramapo, N. Y., May 27,
1900, on a steep mountain side, in dense woods. The moths seemed
fairly abundant flying up from the shrubbery as it was disturbed, or
from one tree trunk to another. A much larger series could easily
have been taken, but on this particular date the woods were almost
uninhabitable from the myriads of very small hymenopterous ? insects,
which gathered in clouds about one's head and required constant
slapping of neck, face and hands.

Type U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 6966. Cotypes Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
and collection Kearfott.

MONTCLAIR, N. J.,'

August, 1903.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX.

Zellerid celastrusella Kearfott.

Recuruaria obliqiiistrigella Chambers.

Recurvaria juniperella Kearfott.

Epimenia ramapoella Kearfott.

GnorirnoscJiema artetnisiella Kearfott.

Crambus vachellellus Kearfott.

Gnorimoschetna btisckiella Kearfott.

Reairvaria thujaella Kearfott. '

Recurvaria piceaella, var. nigra Kearfott.
Fig. 10. Recui-varia piceaella Kearfott.

Symphysa adelalis Kearfott.

Epimenia cicutaella Kearfott.

Anacampsis coverdalella Kearfott.

Thaumaiopsis daeckellus Kearfott.

Epimenia cicutaella Kearfott, dorsal view.
Fig. 16. Seed of Cicuta mactdata Linn., excavated by larva of Epitnenia cicu-
taella (enlarged).

Fig. 17. Mine of Recurvaria juniperella (enlarged) on Juttiperus cotnmunis
Linn.

Fig. 18. Section of gall on Aster patens Ait., caused by larva of Gnorimo-
schetna busckiella (enlarged).

Fig. 19. Mines of Recui-varia piceaella, in needles of Picea mariana Mill,
(enlarged).

Fig. 20. Case of Symphysa adelalis on lichen (enlarged).

Fig. 21. Mine of Recurvaria thuiaella on Thuja occidentalis Linn, (enlarged.)

Fig.

I.

Fig.

2.

Fig.

3-

Fig.

4-

Fig.

5-

Fig.

6.

Fig.

7.

Fig.

8.

Fig.

9-

Fig-

10.

Fig.

II.

Fig.

12.

Fig.

13-

Fig.

14.

Fig.

15-

Mar., '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 89

Micro-Lepidoptera — Suggestions.

By W. D. Kearfott.
Part I. — Phuiing and Setting.

Micro- L,epidoptera in North America are in for a boom, if one
dozen letters from new correspondents within the past thirty
days, asking for directions of all sorts regarding setting, col-
lecting and breeding can be placed in evidence ; and as it
would be impossible to do justice to each separately, the
Editors of our popular News have offered their pages.

These suggestions make no attempt to illustrate all the ways
that each thing can be done, but only an effort to describe in
a simple' manner that can readily be followed by any bo}^ or
girl, at little expense, the methods and apparatus that I have
used for the past five 3'ears, during which time I have col-
lected, bred or received and mounted over twenty thousand
specimens.

One of the most important things to get over is the fear
most of us have that because an insect is very small we will
certainly spoil it. This will surely be the result if we do not
bear in mind that a small body contains but little moisture and
will dry out and become stiff in a few hours on a summer day,
unless a tight metal (zinc is best) collecting box is used, in
which the cork can be moistened once in a while ; and also
that a setting board with a half-inch slot is not suited for
spreading an insect that expands but little more.

Also remember that practice makes perfect, and do not be
discouraged if the first or second or third attempt results in
fairly good studies of venation but more or less poor cabinet
specimens ; persevere, and in the fourth or fifth or tenth at-
tempt we will want to call in all the family to see how skillful
we are becoming.

Pins. — I use only two sizes, the larger, English, made by
Kirby, and known as No. i Steel, needle-pointed, black
japanned. These are very thin and remarkably stiff, made of
spring steel ; the head and point can almost be bent together
and when released will spring back perfectly straight. The
head of this pin is pressed out of the same wire of which the

90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Mar., '04

pin is made, just like a common household white pin, and
never comes off.

The smaller ones are German made, and known as Minutien
Nadeln ; thej' are very fine, also steel, black- japanned and
needle-pointed, length about half an inch ; their use involves
a double mount, which will be referred to later.

Avoid as a pestilence anj' pin, white, black or gold, that is
part or all brass. Verdigris will surely result sooner or later.
Also avoid steel pins with heads made of a different metal
squeezed on. These heads will come off at most inopportune
times, and the resultant spring of the pin will send the wings
and abdomen in every direction.

Don't permit the dealer to sell what he has in stock, but
insist on the right sort and he will be forced to get a supply
of them.

Pinning. — Half the work of good setting is the way the
pin is put through the thorax. It should rake well
forward and the point should enter as nearly as
possible the exact center of the thorax, and if the
proper angle is observed it will come out on the
under side through the posterior edge of the last
thoracic segment, and thus be clear of and prevent
damage to the legs ; as shown in Fig, i.

Never lift a specimen with your fingers, at any stage of its
progress from the net to your cabinet. Always have at hand
a small pair of fine-pointed forceps ; the kind jewelers use are

the best, about 4 inches long, cost about 15 cents; and when-
ever a specimen has to be moved (before the pin is in it) use
these fine forceps, catching hold by a leg, never by the wing.
It requires a little practice and patience to pin properly. I
usually lift the insect carefully by one leg and lay it in the
crevice formed by holding the forefinger of my left hand
against the thumb, always with the head of the insect pointing
toward me. Then, with the same forceps in right hand, pick
up a Minutien Nadeln, being sure to have the point in the right

Mar., '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 9I

direction, and push through thorax until you can feel the
point, then holding top of pin by forceps, push the insect to
desired height, by sticking pin in a piece of soft pith, that of
common elder, Sambuais canadensis L., being the most satisfac-
tory. The same procedure if Kirby No. 1
pin is used, except the forceps for handling
pin are unnecessary. Fig. 3.

In connection with this operation, two

. „ small points will be useful to ob.serve. ist :

•3-3. ^

if the ends of the forefinger and thumb

are very dry, the insect is liable to slip about and dodge
the pin. To overcome this, dampen end of finger, rubbing it
against thumb until you can feel the least bit of a sticky feel-
ing. The second point : when pinning the insect, steady both
hands by letting the tips of the two little fingers press against
each other.

Setting Needles. — Nothing better than common fine
cambric needles, a package costing only a few cents, stuck eye
end into extra long match sticks. This is easily done by hold-
ing needle in left hand, vertically, with point on piece of hard
wood, — desk-top, for instance, — in the right hand hold the
match stick and firmly and gently force it down, so that the
eye of the needle goes up into the stick for three-quarters of
its length. The match wood being so much softer than the

top of desk, the point goes into the latter only a very little
and comes out easily. A few needles will be broken, but with
care the majorit}^ will be all right. Afterwards with a sharp
knife whittle off needle end of stick to a neat taper. Fig. 4.

Setting Boards. — Use exactly the same kind as you do
for macros, but make the slot just a trifle larger than the bod-
ies of the insects. The widths of .slots of my boards range
from one-sixteenth to five-sixteenths of an inch ; the two sizes
most commonly u.sed have one-eighth and one-quarter inch
slots.

As the pins I use will not go through thick cork without
dangerous forcing, I glue a strip of elder pith on the under

92 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Mar., '04

side of the slot; if pith cannot readily be procured, very thin
sheet cork (1-32 inch) can be used. This must be of the very
best quality AAA, free from knots and holes. My boards are
thirteen inches long and are made from one-quarter inch thick
well seasoned white pine, of the quality known as pattern lum-
ber. A dozen boards of this length can be made by any boy
in half a day. He should first go to a carpenter shop and
have this list of sticks cut out by the carpenter and smoothly
planed all over.

8 strips, ^ in. thick, ^ in. wide, 13 in. long (tops).

13 " (bottoms).

4

Ya 1/8

Va " Va

Va " iH

74

I

13 " (tops).

13 " (bottoms).

13 " (tops).

^ " 2^ " 13 " (bottoms).

In addition get about six feet in length of the same boards,
}{ inch thick, j4, inch wide, but sawed cross-grain. The above
is sufficient for twelve boards of three different sizes. Enough
for a beginning.

To put these together, clear the desk or table of all other
objects, separate the different size sticks into piles, have the
cork cut into half inch wide strips — or if you can get pith have
it ready, one side cut flat, take a razor or extra sharp knife to
cut this, and have your glue pot in working order.

Start first and glue the cork to the bottom side of the top
strips by laying two of equal width together and carefully sep-
arating them exactly equally their whole length one-sixteenth,
one-eighth, or whatever width the slot is to be. Then hold
the strip of cork in one hand, and with the brush touch both
edges of one side lightly with thin glue (this must be done
quickly) ; then lay glued side down on strips, carefully press-
ing, but avoid getting any glue into slot or on the center of
cork that goes imder slot.

Very carefully push this pair of tops to far side of table, out
of the way, placing a book on them to insure drying firmly
and evenly. Continue this operation until all twelve pairs of
tops have cork glued under them, and then prepare the bottom
boards by attaching the end and side pieces or uprights. These

Mar., '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

93

latter are made from the cross-grain strips, and can easily be
split with a pen-knife into proper lengths, which for the end
pieces must be the same as the width of the bottom boards.
I use two uprights on each side of my thirteen-inch boards,
about an inch wide, to give stiffness and prevent springing of
the completed board.

Now with the glue brush put a liberal quantity of glue on
one end only of each end and side piece, placing them in their
respective positions on the bottom board. As soon as this is
done, repeat the dose of glue on the top ends of these pieces,
and carefully lift the first corked pair of top boards, which will
be rigid enough by this time to handle gently, on top of the
uprights ; then move to a permanent drying place, with books
or weights on top. Finish up the other eleven in the same
way, and leave two days to thoroughly dry.

The boards are complete now, but perfectly flat on top, which
is objectionable, and must be remedied by running a small
plane a few times over the surfaces, taking the deepest cuts
on the inside. The wood is so soft and easily worked that
this is much simpler than it seems. I use a little steel and
iron plane one and a half inches wide that cost about 40 cents.

Be very careful to see that the inside edges, which are now
the upper edges of the slot, are perfectly even and level to
each other. If slightly irregular, the final finish with very fine
grade sandpaper will make them even.

Fig. 5 shows an outline of a finished board and position of
the several parts, except the cork, which is hidden by the
top boards.

A, top boards. B, bottom boards. C, end uprights. D, side uprights.

There are several ways of expanding specimens practiced
by our well-known collectors, and attention and practice with

94 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Man, '04

any system will insure good results. The advantage I find in
the following is simplicity and rapidity ; I can usually average
from forty to fifty specimens per hour.

Have a goodly number of strips of paper ready ; these should
vary in width from one-sixteenth to three-eighths or half an
inch, and an inch longer than the boards. The best paper is
heavy book linen ; a visit to any bookbinder or printer will
find a mine of suitable strips around his trimming machine,
and if he is not too busy he will put a thick layer of these
scraps in the machine and shear them off in different widths.
All of which will save the trouble of cutting them out with
scissors and insure their edges being parallel to each other. A
supply of setting pins is also required, and the best I know of
are the cheap black glass-headed steel mourning pins, " Made
in Germany." Thirty or thirty-five cents will buy a dozen
small boxes or about five hundred.

Setting. — With setting board in front, several setting
needles handy, setting pins alongside, relaxing box on left
side, and fine-pointed forceps within reach, we are ready to
begin.

First select two of the narrowest strips of paper, pinning
one end of each firmly into upper end of board, close to but
not overlapping the slot ; then with forceps take a specimen
from box, quickly pin it in the slot at the top of board, with
pin nearly vertical, just a little inclined forward; with needle
raise the wings until they rest flat on each side, then bring the
two paper strips down over the wings ; in this position hold
left thumb or forefinger on the strips, an inch or. two below
the moth, and with the setting needle in right hand, first draw
one pair and then the other pair of wings into a position so
that the hind margin of forewings makes a straight line ; after
getting each pair of wings in position, stick a pin through the
strip just below and close to the moth. Continue repeating
this until your board is full, and then pin on each side a wider
strip of paper, to cover entirely the projecting ends of the
wings. Sometimes this last process cannot wait until entire
board is finished, as some specimens are more inclined to curl
than others, and if the wings show the slightest tendency to

Mar., '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

95

rise up, then use short outside strips for each half dozen, more
or less, as may be necessary.

Fig. 6 shows upper end of board, with the inside narrow
strips in position and pinned down over six moths, and a short
outside strip covering the first three moths. The large black
dots are the pins.

Moths die usually in one of the following three positions,
and the manipulation is different for each, but all are easily
handled if treated tenderly.

First, with wings down against their sides, hiding feet. It
requires a little care to pin specimens in this position, but if
the moth is soft or properly relaxed, it is the easiest
to spread. Supposing that the pin has been inserted
so that it angles forward (Fig. i), it must be put in
the board so that it is nearly vertical to the surface
of the board (Fig. 7) ; this makes moth with head
slightly higher than abdomen ; run the setting nee-
dle under one pair of wings and, with a quick jerk, raise it,
and the wings will be found to be in almost the correct posi-
tion on the board.

Second, with wings elevated on both sides, entirely hiding
the upper surfaces (Fig. 8). To set one in this
position, pin as before and, holding the inner .strip
between second and third fingers of left hand just
high enough to clear wings, with the setting needles
gently press on the bases of the wings, and as they
go down toward the board bring the paper strip
down, and very quickly they are in position.

Third, with wings drawn close to body, sometimes almost
rolled around it. This is the hardest position, but should be
treated the same as the first ; in fact, it is well in both of these
positions to attempt to draw out the wings before the pin is all
the way down, being careful to use the setting needle on the

96 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Mar., '04

under side, as a lifter, as much as possible, avoiding using the
needle on the upper surfaces except to lightly bring into the
final position.

Double Mounts. — Fig. 9 shows a double mount complete.
To prepare the little strips, take a sheet of ^-inch AAA
cork, and with parlor paste stick a sheet of good quality white
paper on one side only, and place between two books or in a
letter-press for a few hours to dry smoothly and evenly. Then,
with a very sharp knife, cut the sheet into strips
about an eighth of an inch wide ; then cut these
strips into short lengths, three-eighths to three-

\l L quarters of an inch long. Stick a No. 6 pin through

f'3<i- one end of each, wnth the white paper side up.

Have plenty of these mounts on hand, and as you

remove your specimens from the setting boards,

those that are pinned with Minutien Nadeln can be

immediately pinned on the double mount, and as soon as

locality label is placed on the big pin, as shown on figure, are

ready for the cabinet.

The locality labels are nearly of as much importance as the
insect, and a collection with every specimen bearing label
showing place and date of capture is worth about ten times
as much cash value as the same collection with the labels absent.
My labels are printed with locality on top line, my name on
second line, and a blank space left below the name for the
date. I strongly urge all collectors to have their names on the
label. It adds much to the interest in the specimens, and, as
is often the case, if the species is new, whoever describes it
can give credit to its actual discoverer. In dating labels don't
use figures for indicating the month. Either write it in full if
short-name month, or abbreviate if too long to write in full, or
use the Roman letters, z. <?., vi, 26 equals June 26th or, if your
preference is to put the da}^ first, 26, vi. It will always be
understood.

April, '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. I27

Part II. — Collecting.

The favorite European practice is to bring home the speci-
mens alive, each in a small willow-chip pill box, killing them
in the evening or the next morning just before expanding.
The chief merit of this system is in the naturally relaxed con-
dition of the moths, but its disadvantages seem to me to far
outweigh the advantages, principally in the large bulk and
great number of boxes that have to be carried, the danger of
the moths flj'ing around in the confined space and losing their
scales, and the always possible catastrophe of a stumble or fall
by which a goodly number of the fragile boxes will be reduced
to splinters.

Of course, the ideal way of obtaining flawless specimens of
Micro-Lepidoptera is by breeding, which will be the subject of
the next paper ; but as many specimens can be taken with a
net, that may never be secured in any other way, it is desirable
to have the apparatus to fit the smallness of the specimens and
to be as simple as possible.

The Net. — The net is the most important part of the
outfit ; and I have gradually reduced the size of the one I use
to only about half the diameter of the common butterfly kind.
It is six inches in diameter at the top, and in length twice its
diameter or twelve inches (the same ratio should be used for
any diameter). I have tried all sorts of patent and folding
nets, but they all seem to be weak in some part, and give out
when most needed. A frame and stick I have used constantly
for over three years was made as follows :

The frame is a piece of three-sixteenths diameter spring
brass wire, total length about twenty-four inches, bent in a
circle, with two four-inch straight ends, like Fig. 10.
The .stick is a slender bamboo cane, cut to a length
of two feet ; both ends should terminate at a joint.
In the smaller end, just below the joint, cut a small
hole on each side, and below the holes for two or
three inches wrap the bamboo with fishing cord to
stiffen it and prevent the holes from becoming cracks. The
stick can also be divided in the middle, with a pair of ferrules
from an old fishing rod securely fitted to the cut ends ; which

128 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, '04

will make it possible to stow all apparatus away iu bag or
pockets and avoid the scornful looks and remarks of those who
do not entirely appreciate the scientific value of our pursuit.

Fig. 1 1 .shows the. jointed stick, with the straight ends of the
frame tucked into the holes provided for them, which latter

explains the reason for selecting bamboo, namely, that it is hol-
low between the joints, and iu addition is very light and strong.
The best and most durable material I have been able to find
for net-making is white luoiisseline-de-soie , which can be bought
at any drygoods store ; it is a very fine mesh silk veiling, and
so woven that the threads do not draw apart, as is the ca.se
with any material woven gridiron fashion, like com-
mon mosquito netting. The net is cut leg-of-mutton
shape, and the seams .should be sewed down on both
.sides ; at the top should be sewed a piece of two inch
wide white silk ribbon, turned over, to make a chan-
nel for passing the wire through (Fig. 12). Be
sure the small end at the bottom is well rounded,
leaving no corners.

Killing. — Ether and chloroform are objectionable from the
fact that insects killed by their use usually die with muscles
so rigid that it is often difficult to properly set them, and even
after taken from the setting board, with wdngs flat, there is a
strong tendency to revert to the position iu which they died.

In.sects killed with cyanide of potassium, on the contrary,
die in a perfectly relaxed condition. I have never used spirits
of ammonia, but imagine it would tend to affect the colors,
especially greens and pinks.

My cyanide bottles for micros are made of the common
test-tubes which can be purchased in any drug store for a few
cents each. The most satisfactory size is about six inches

April, '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

129

long by three-quarters of an inch in diameter. It is well to
have more than one for fear of accident, and also that too
many moths may not be in the same tube at the same time.
Three or four can easily be carried in top coat pocket, and
when I expect a big day's work I load both top coat and vest
pockets.

The cyanide should be crushed into small lumps, about size
of buckshot, and put in bottom of tube from one-half to three-
quarters of an inch deep ; on top of this put a layer of saw-
dust one-quarter to one-half inch thick, and on top of the
sawdust pour a teaspoonful of liquid plaster-of-paris. The chem-
ical action caused by the contact of the sawdust and cj'anide verj'
much increases the strength of the latter. lycave
open for a couple of hours and then push a small
piece of absorbent cotton in the tube, shoving it
down as flat as possible against the plaster. This
will prevent the moths from .sliding around over
the smooth surface of the plaster and rubbing off
their scales. Fig. 13 shows a test-tube properly
charged, and it is surprising, considering the very
small amount of cyanide, how long its strength
continues at full power. I have some that are
.still as good as new that were made two and three
years ago. Their length and slightly flared mouth
make it particularly easy to manipulate them in-
side the net. But they are much more fragile
than the ordinary bottle or jar, and the greatest
care should be used, in case of an accidental
break, to dig a little hole and bury all the frag-
ments in the earth. If a finger is cut by the
sharp edge of the broken glass, get it immediately
into water, rubbing vigorously to get all the
poison out of the wound.

Collecting Box. — The best boxes are made
of thin sheet zinc, which does not rust like common tin, nor
verdigris like brass. My boxes are oval in shape, and are
cork-lined inside on both bottom and top.

Two sizes are convenient to have, the smaller about 5 by 3

M^^

m

130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, '04

inches and the larger about 7 b}'' 4 inches. Either can be car-
ried in a side coat-pocket. I also use these same boxes all
winter for relaxing dried specimens ; a teaspoonful of water is
sufficient, and for very small Tineids and Tortricids four to
six hours will make them just as soft as they were when first
killed ; much longer than this will make them wet, and once
wet it is impossible to do anything with them. A longer time,
say twelve hours, for the large, robust-bodied Tortricids and
medium-sized Pyralids, and the large specimens of the latter
family can remain twenty-four hours in the relaxing box with-
out coming to harm. While on the subject of relaxing, it
might be well to observe that it is very advantageous to use
two boxes at the same time. The largest we can call the
storage box, which must be kept tightly closed all the time
except when opened quickly to transfer half a dozen to a
dozen insect specimens into a smaller box ; from the latter
they are to be taken one by one for setting. If only one box
is used, and fifty or more specimens are under way, the con-
stant opening and releasing the moist air will cause a good
many of the last specimens to become too dry to work with.
For this same reason, pick out and spread those with the
smallest bodies first. I do very little setting in the summer
time, simply pinning the specimens when fresh and storing
them awa}^ until winter, and find no difficulty at all in getting
the moths as perfectly spread as if this work had been done
when they were freshly killed. But if the time is available,
and it is preferred to set the specimens as soon as possible
after they are caught, it will then be well to sprinkle a little
water on the cork of the box while out in the field or woods,
so the moths will not dry too much before getting home.

The brown canvas or khaki cartridge bags, sold in gun and
sporting-goods stores, with a leather shoulder-strap, are very
convenient and of light weight for carrying such of the appa-
ratus as the pockets will not hold ; they are made in several
sizes, and range in price from sixty cents to one dollar and
a half.

The above apparatus, with a supply of pins, forceps (Fig. 2)
and a short stick or two of elder pith are all that are needed

April, '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. I3I

for collecting the perfect insects. Skill with the net is easily
acquired, and slipping the cyanide tube into the net and se-
curing the moth requires no particular explanation, a half-
day's work will result in both operations becoming very easy.
But bear in mind that more than two or three specimens in
each tube will probably cause all to lose much of their fresh-
ness. When this number is in each tube, sit down on a log,
rock or fence-rail, with back to the wind, open collecting box
and place on knees, then gently' tilt one tube so that the moths
drop into the upturned top of box ; with forceps lift up and
pin as described on pages 90 and 91, sticking the pinned speci-
mens in the bottom of the box. If any of the moths stick to
the cotton in tube, either shake it gently or use the fine-pointed
forceps. It is not well to empty the moths from all of the tubes
into top of box before beginning to pin, for fear of the moths
coming in contact, wind blowing them around, or the fence-
rail breaking ; expose just as few at a time as possible, and
remember that a day's work which consists of only a dozen
perfect and flawless specimens is of far more real value than
one in which two hundred are brought home in any old
condition.

While Micro- Lepidoptera can be taken every hour of the
twenty-four and almost every day of the year, there are, of
course, times and places more favorable than others, and a
reference to some of these and the general habits may be
of interest.

Pyralids are easily disturbed in the daytime, when walking
through the undergrowth of thickets and light woods, and
while the flight of some species is swift, the majority do not
fly more than twenty feet before seeking a new place of rest,
which is almost invariably on the under side of a leaf ; to catch
them, the eye must be kept on the leaf, and after approaching
it quietly drop the net almost to the ground, and with a quick
upward sweep and a turn of the wrist, the game will usually
be found inside.

Tortricids are as a rule even slower flyers than the pyralids,
and unless a wind is blowing to assist them, will rarely fly
more than five or six feet ; they are as easily disturbed as the

132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, '04

Pyralids in the daytime ; but, while smaller, they are easier to
see, as they usually alight on the upper side of a leaf.

The majority of Tineids keep themselves well hidden during
the daylight hours, and only come out for their natural flight
about the time the sun goes down ; and a good da3''s work can
be done during this twilight hour, for a half hour before
sunset until too dark to see. Back of my home, in the Orange
Mountains, in a favorable spot in the open woods, surrounded
by low shrubbery and weeds, I have often caught one hundred
and more Tineids during this hour, without moving half a
dozen steps from one spot. This time of day also seems to be
the time of natural flight of a good many species of Tortricids,
especially the earliest warm spring days in March and April,
and the Indian Summer days late in the fall, November and
December. Many species of Tortricids can be taken in abund-
ance at these seasons that were before rare and almost un-
known. On March 14th last year I spent an afternoon in the
woods, and only caught three or four specimens up to five
o'clock, but from then until dark I secured several dozen.
November 3d I started collecting at ten in the morning and at
four-thirty in the afternoon had perhaps two dozen well-earned
specimens ; but then the flight began, and until it was too dark
to see I caught them just as fast as I could bottle them, more
than one hundred specimens, and all very good ones.

The trunks of trees should be carefull}' examined in the
daytime ; many a good Tineid or Tortricid will be found in
the crevices of the bark, and the bottle can be employed di-
rectly on the moth, without the use of the net.

I^ight in an open window or the electric lights in front of
stores are also very attractive to nearly all moths. Sugaring
does not produce satisfactory results with the micros. I can-
not urge too strongly the more general use of a Moth Trap by
all collectors who are located in the country or suburbs, where
it can be placed so that the light shines over a patch of weeds
or an overgrown thicket, and where it will be safe from boys
who think it a joke to break the glass ; as it works while wfe
sleep. The trap I have had the most success with is an adap-
tation of one described in vol. vi of the Bulletin of the Brook-

April, '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

133

lyii Eutomological Society (1883), and a cross-section is shown
at Fig. 14, and an outside view at Fig. 15. The dimensions
are about forty inches long, of which ten inches are the lamp

^O-

compartment : the wide
flaring mouth or open
end is about eighteen
inches square; the width
at the other end tapers
to nine inches ; and on
the back of the lamp
compartment is a hinged
door. The whole frame
of the trap is made of
one inch thick poplar,
except the top of the lamp space, which is better of tin to
avoid danger of fire. A hole on top, with a bottomless tomato
can for a chimney, will prevent the wind from blowing out the
lamp. The oblique lines in the sectional view are sheets of
glass, the outer and in-
ner beginning at the bot-
t o m and reaching t o
within one inch of the
top, the middle sheet
starting at the top but
not reaching the bottom
by one inch. Of course,
a fourth pane of glass
separates the lamp from
the trap proper. On the
floor of the inner compartment, just in front of the lamp space,
is a circular hole for the insertion of the cyanide jar.

This should be a one- or two-quart Mason fruit jar with
screw-top. The most convenient way to use the jar is to have
two screw-caps, one of which has the entire top cut out, leav-
ing only the screw-ring ; this ring .should be permanently fast-
ened in the hole made for it in the bottom of the trap ; a good
joint can be made by tacking a lid of a cigar-box on one .side
of the hole ; then lay the ring (with big end down) on the

134

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

[April, '04

cigar-box lid, and carefully pour plaster of paris around it
until all the space is filled ; after the plaster hardens, the
cigar-box lid can be pulled off and thrown away.

Then, just before dark, remove the solid cap from the jar —
which should be tightly stoppered all day to regain its
strength — and screw it up into place and, after lighting the
lamp and watching it awhile to see that it does not smoke, it

is ready to work all night.

With this trap, in my
home locality, I usually
caught from fifty to three
hundred specimens each
night, from April to No-
vember, of which sev-
enty-five per cent, w^ere
Tortricids and Tineids.

Beetles do not seem to
be particularly attracted,
which is very fortunate,
as an able-bodied speci-
men would work havoc
before he succumbed.

I neglected to say that
all of the inside of the
trap should be painted
with several coats of good
white paint, and a sil-
vered-glass reflector put
on the door back of the lamp ; both add to the glare and
attractiveness. For protection the outside should be painted
dark green.

A very much smaller and simpler trap is shown in section at
Fig. 16. But it will require the services of a tinsmith, as it is
nearly entirely made of that material. This is the design per-
fected by my good friends in West Brighton, Pa., F. A. and
Harry D. Merrick, and to them I am indebted for the sketch
and the following description. The total length is fifteen
inches, by eight inches wide and eight inches from top to

April, '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. I35

bottom. The lamp compartment is four inches long. The
chimney and top of lamp compartment are made to slide into
place, and the same arrangement is provided for the funnel-
shaped piece at the bottom, into the small end of which a
Mason fruit-jar screw-top, with the centre cut out, is soldered.

These slots or slides are shown in the sectional drawing by
what look like detached pieces, but of course they are soldered
or ri vetted to the body of the trap.

The entire back of the trap is a door working in grooves, and
can be entirely removed at the top. The hole in the top for
the lamp chimney is placed over the front end of the lamp
space, so that the lamp can be easily removed by tilting.
There are only three sheets of glass, all of them 7^ inches
square. The two front ones are arranged as shown, and come
to within half an inch of each other in the middle. They, as
well as the sheet of glass in front of the lamp, are held by
grooves made by turning up the edge of a strip of tin. The
The great advantage of this form of trap is that it is easily
portable, as the projecting pieces, top and bottom, the glasses
and the lamp can all be removed, and the whole apparatus
packed in a telescope travelling bag sixteen inches long by
eight inches square. One-pint jars are amply large for this
trap. It should also be painted white inside and green out-
side. Last year the Merricks started one trap about the mid-
dle of June and a second one early in August ; this season
they have four ready awaiting the first mild night. The great
advantage that must not be lost sight of is that they ' ' work
while we sleep."

The large jars for traps should be made with a layer of
cyanide lumps as large as a chestnut, about one inch deep on
the bottom, over this another inch of damp sawdust, with
sufficient plaster-of-paris to hold all in place.

This will make a very powerful jar, killing almost instantly,
but it is also liable to become very wet after having been in
use a short time, therefore pieces of blotting paper, cut exactly
the diameter of the inside of jar, should be put in from time to
time to absorb the excess moisture, and the layer of raw cot-
ton on top of the plaster may have to be renewed every two or
three days, to prevent soiling the insects.

165 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '04

After sending the copy of the first part of these Suggestions
to the Editors, I received from the American Entomological Com-
pany a sample card of American-made steel, black japanned, nee-
dle-pointed pins, which are far superior in finish, stiffness and
springiness to any European-made pin I have ever seen. No. 00
is a trifle less in diameter than the No. i Kirby, which latter is
about the thickness of No. o. I can heartily endorse these new
pins; the best grade are to be known as " No. 210 Special
double japanned." The only criticism to be made is that the
heads are a separate piece ; but this may be remedied if we all
bring pressure to bear on the makers and insist on a head that
cannot come off.

Part III. — Breeding.

I am quite sure the only reason that every American collector
does not increase his collection by breeding from the larvae is
the immense bugaboo he has raised up in his mind of the diffi-
culties, extra work and elaborate cages and apparatus required.

In England and throughout Europe the acquisition of speci-
mens by this method is, if anything, more common than catch-
ing the perfect insects with a net. The great majority of species
offered through the ' ' Exchange columns ' ' of European maga-
zines state that the specimens are " bred."

The apparatus actually required for the work is absurdly
simple, — a few tight tin or zinc boxes and wide-mouth vials
for the field and a few common jelly-glasses with tight tin cov-
ers or small wide-mouth screw-top jars for the house, are all
the apparatus required for a beginning.

It is a mistaken notion of the average collector that larvae
must be raised in cages, with gauze wire on one or more sides
to give an abundant supply of air. The amount of air actually
required is so infinitesimal that no provision at all need be
made for it. A very great advantage of the tightly closed vial
or jar is that the leaves or food of the larvae will retain their
freshness and palatability for a week or ten days ; whereas,
with the wire cage, the leaves are often wilted and stale a few
hours after they are placed in it.

The great secret of success is cleanliness, which will be elab-
orated on later.

For Micro-Iycpidoptera larvae I prefer for actual collecting

May, '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

166

in the field the screw-top glass vials shown at Fig. 17. Their
advantages are that they are light in weight and occupy but
little room ; several dozen can be carried in the khaki cartridge-
bag ; they are transparent, and it is easy to select an empty
vial or pick out one that contains some particular kind of larva
to which we wish to add more specimens, and finally if no
further study of the larvse is required, they can be placed in
racks at home without further attention and used as breeding
bottles. I usually carry along a few tin boxes, quarter-pound
tobacco or cocoa tins are of a convenient size, to provide for
such larvae as may be found in large numbers, or that feed in
such a way that larger receptacles are necessary.

These vials come in several lengths. I use two sizes, one
three and a half inches and the other five and a half inches
long, both about seven-eights of an inch diameter.

It is ver}^ convenient, and often avoids
the danger of mixing different species, to
carry a small pad of paper and pencil, and
slip in each bottle as it is put in use a nar-
row slip with name of food-plant written on
it or, if name is not known, some word or
two of identification.

The time for collecting larvae begins when
the buds are first swelling and bursting in
the very early spring, and can be continued
as long as the leaves remain in the fall, —
in fact, during the entire winter in the
stems of weeds and other plants, in nuts
and seeds and many other places, — which
latter subject — winter collecting— is another
story — for the fall.

But we now have to do with the first
spring crop of caterpillars, and will start
out together this warm May morning, and
see how soon we can get all of our vials and
boxes filled, and resolved not to be diverted
by a single flying specimen, no matter how
attractive it may look. By the quickest
route we arrive at the outskirts of the town

Fig. 17.

i67 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 04

and avoiding the dense woods, enter a field overgrown with
weeds and occasional clumps of higher shrubbery. The first
thing to attract attention is the unusual appearance of the
young leaves of the wild cherry bushes ; instead of being
smooth and perfect they are crumpled and twisted into a knot,
as if nipped by a late frost ; but by carefully pulling apart the
entangled leaflets, a small green larva with a black head will
be found in a central cavity, and if we are not very careful he
will wriggle away so quickly that he will escape to the ground
and be forever lost. We can soon fill a vial with these, break-
ing off the crumpled leaves only, and carefully avoiding open-
ing them or disturbing the tenants, as it is reasonably sure
that if the first one examined is occupied, all others on the
same kind of plant and of same general appearance will contain
each its larva. A few weeks later the moths that emerge will
likel}^ prove to be Archips rosaceana Har.

Happening to glance downward, our attention is attracted
by the peculiar appearance of some of the leaves of the late
purple aster (^Aster patens Ait.), which at this earlj^ season of
the year is but a slender stalk twelve to fifteen inches tall,
with delicate leaves shaped like a spear or arrow-head ; several
leaves on each plant have one edge, for the entire length of
the leaf, evenly turned up and fastened down, forming a httle
tunnel open at each end, about an eighth of an inch in diam-
eter, looking almost like the retreat of a small spider.

In some of these tunnels will be found a very pretty larva
with head and thoracic segments a deep mahogany brown and
the abdominal segments pale green, with a number of narrow
dark red stripes on the back and sides running from the thorax
to the anal end. We will collect as many of these as possible,
as the moth that will come from them is a very beautiful Gele-
chid, Trichotaphe flavocostclla Clem.

Close by is a small pitch-pine sapling. Some of the needles
look dead and brown for about half of their length. Let us
see what is the reason. A close look, and at the beginning of
the discolored part is a small hole, and if we break one off and
hold it up to the light, about the center of the brown space
will be seen a long dark object that careful dissection of the
needle will prove to be a very small larva, that exactly fits
the inside of the excavated needle ; fifty or more can be com-

May, '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 168

fortabh' stowed away in one of our vials and, without any atten-
tion whatever, will shortly produce a nice crop of Paralechia
pinifoliella Cham.

Next are some bushes of Vibunium, or locally known as
Black-Haw or nanny-goat-berry. A pair of leaves are as
evenly fastened together at their edges with silk as if they
had been sewed with a needle. Within the comfoi table little
envelope is a rather fat pale-green larva, ornamented with
many shiny dark-brown spots, in due time it will produce a
beautiful ash-gray moth, Ajiacampsis rhoifrndella Clem.

On Bayberry bushes nearby, the tips of the twigs and young
leaves are gathered together in a small bunch, and if the larva
is pale lusterless green with light-brown head, it will probably
develop into Archips persicana Fitch.

Here is another Vibur^iwn bush, but instead of two leaves
sewed together, one leaf has its outside edges brought together
and then doubled over, just like we would make two folds in
a napkin. The larva is bright green with a pale-yellow head.
In good season it will develop into a handsome Tortricid —
Exartema pcrmiindanum Clem. Another Tortricid of the
same genus, Exartema zelleriantini Fern., crumples and dis-
torts the young leaves of White Birch in the same manner as
the Wild Cherry species first mentioned.

Under an oak tree at the edge of the woods are a goodly
number of last season's acorns that seem to have been neglected
by the squirrels ; we will cut a few open to investigate. In-
stead of finding them firm and full of meat, we are at first
disappointed to see that each contains nothing but dark-brown
powdery dust, but stir up this dust a little with blade of pen-
knife and a larva is discovered ; turn out the contents on the
palm of the hand and we shall likely find two, both dull gray,
one nearly half an inch long and rather stout, and the other
slender and only about a quarter of an inch long. The large
one is a beautiful Tortricid, Mellisopiis latiferreanns W\sm.,
bright coppery-red with shining metallic-gold stripes across
the wings; the small one is a beautiful little Gelechid, Holco-
cera glandulella Riley.

Just outside of the woods are some dry stalks of last year's
Evening Primrose. Mother Nature is never wasteful ; so we
will see what good purpose these useless-looking sticks are

i69 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '04

performiug in her system of economy. With a sharp knife
carefully split one in half, from the flower-head to the root,
and at intervals of a few inches apart, we are not now sur-
prised to find cleanly excavated cells, in each of which is a
slender pale-yellow larva. When ready to pupate he will spin
a soft white cocoon in his cell and emerge about the last of
June : but before spinning the cocoon his instinct tells him
that the delicate moth cannot penetrate the thick woody wall
of the stalk, so he carefully gnaws a small hole through and
then, to keep out evil-minded enemies, he covers the hole with
a thin curtain of silk. In his perfect state he is known as
Movipha eloisella Clem., and a very beautiful object he is,
shining pearly white, with red and gold markings.

Nearby is a small Hop-tree {Ptc/ea sp.) with many of its
leaves drooping, and in a short time they will shrivel up and
drop off. With our now experienced eye, we very quickly
discover that a small slender caterpillar has made its home in
the stem of each leaf. We will fill up a tin box with a good
number of these, cutting the stems off close to the branch and
leaving a good supply of both live and wilted food. Within a
few weeks we will have a nice crop of Yponomeuta atoniocella
Dyar, a very handsome little moth, with salmon hind wings
and the pure white fore wings thickly peppered with black
dots.

If this is not sufficient material for one morning's work, we
can keep up the hunt, and will soon learn that every species
of plant-life supports one or many species of insect-life ; we
shall also quickly learn that each species of insect has its own
peculiar and individual way of twisting or crumpling the
leaves, sometimes at the tip of the twig and elsewhere. Some
curl the leaves into small cylinders ; some cut halfway through
the stem and hide in and feed on the rapidly withering leaf,
preferring this to green and tender young leaves. Others live
in the stems and sapwood, in nuts, flower-heads, seeds and
seed-pods, in mushrooms and fungoid growths, on the lichens
of trees and rocks ; many species are leaf-miners, and as most
of us have had an opportunity of finding to our sorrow, one
very disagreeable little Tineid will even eat the other speci-
mens in our cabinets.

June, '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

207

Common jelly -glasses, with tight tin covers, make very good
breeding- jars for the house. I also use several sizes of screw-
top jars of the style as shown by
Fig. 18. They are made in a num-
ber of sizes ranging from small ones
of an ounce capacity up to large
ones about six inches tall by three
inches inches in diameter. The par-
ticular advantage of both the com-
mon jelly-glasses and the screw-top
jars is that they have no inside ribs
or ledges to gather dirt or for the
larvae to spin their food-plant to and
prevent its easy removal for clean-
ing, etc.

For convenience of handling, a
few shallow trays should be made,
just wide enough to hold a glass or
jar, and about twelve or fifteen
inches long. For the longer vials
(Fig. 17), racks such as are used
for holding rows of test-tubes are
very convenient.

It is well to go over the material collected as soon as possi-
ble after returning from a trip, taking one vial or box at a
time and carefully drawing out with forceps the small clusters
of leaves that may have been packed in too tightly for comfort,
and placing them in a jar of suitable size, so that the contents
will not more than half fill it. Then write on a slip of paper
date, place and food-plant ; use pencil always, the dampness
will make an undecipherable blot of ink. L,eaves of firm text-
ure, such as those of the hardwood trees, can be closed up
tight without danger of sweating or mold, but some of the
softer leaves, e.specially of succulent annual weeds, are apt to
get too wet ; and if drops of water are observed on the inside
of the glass, remove the tin cover and close the top with a
piece of cheese-cloth held on by a rubber band. A day or two
of drying out is sufficient-

Fig. 18.

2o8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, '04

Each jar should be examined every day, both for the pur-
pose of seeing if any moths have emerged and to see that the
condition of the larvae is healthy, — in other words clean.
After a very little experience, it will be easy to observe when
the food is becoming stale or soggy or that too much damp-
ness is accumulating on the leaves or bottom of jar, all of
which will lead to mold and sickness. Then the larvae must
be changed to entirely fresh food and a clean jar. Select a
duplicate of the one they were in and place in it a moderate
quantity of the food-plant ; then dump out the contents of the
old jar on a large sheet of clean paper, and with fine forceps
carefully examine every fragment, picking up each larva deli-
cately with the forceps, — which will not hurt him if not
squeezed too tightly, — and drop him on the leaves in the fresh
jar. Should an}- pupae be found, it will be better to place
them in a separate jar or vial, where they need not be disturbed
again ; but be sure and write a duplicate label, so that the
identity will not be lost.

The great majority of the larvae taken in the early part of
the summer, up to the middle of July, will emerge as moths
within one to three weeks after transforming to pupae. Some
of those taken later than this will live as larvae or pupae all
winter ; and species hibernating in this state must be kept
out-of-doors under as nearly natural conditions as possible.

I have left to the end the subject of making notes and record-
ing observations of all larvae that are bred, as it is really the
most useful and important part of the whole work. The life-
histories and habits of our North American species of Micro-
Lepidoptera are so little known that up to this time less than
twenty per cent, have been described. So this field is one of
the easiest in nature in which a collector just starting can find
lots of room for original work.

My method is as follows : — On the slip of paper in each jar
I write a number, and in a note-book (card index cards are bet-
ter) record the same number at the top of the page or card, with
date and place and name or description of food-plant ; if the
latter is unknown, press a piece and .send to your nearest bo-
tanical friend for determination ; with your breeding number
on the label.

June, '04]

ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.

209

Then on the card make a description as full as possible of the
larva, noting shape, color, stripes and spots on the body, color
and spots (if any) on head, thoracic shield and legs. State its
habits, whether it crumples, folds or curls leaf, or lives in
stems or fruit, and anything that seems interesting about it.

If you can observe date of pupation, make record of it and,
of course, when moth emerges do the same.

Put this same number on everything that issues from this
particular jar. There will be Dipterous and Hymenopterous
parasites; it is just as likely that they are unknown, or at
least have never been bred, so your record of their " hosts" will
be of value. The pupa and cocoon should also be preserved,
and if a sample of the twisted leaf, etc., can be saved, both
should bear the same breeding number. It is well to put the
initial of your name in front of this series of numbers, as K.
427, to distinguish your bred material from other specimens
in your collection that may happen to have miscellaneous num-
bers on them.

It may not be well to undertake too much at once ; but after
this work is well started, you will want to preserve a specimen
of each different kind of larva. Any method of preserving in
liquids is objectionable, owing to difficulty of taking care of
numberless bottles and the great trouble of studying the speci-

Fig. 19.

2IO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, '04

men so enclosed. I use an ordinary larva-inflating oven and
apparatus, the same as is used for large caterpillars, and as
shown by Fig, 19. The only difference in blowing large or
small ones is that, for the little ones, the glass tubes must be
pulled out to a very fine point. When ready to inflate, I
take the alcohol lamp from under the oven and place it before
me on the desk and, holding a glass tube by both ends, heat
the middle of it in the lamp-flame ; when, and not until, it is
a dull red, I give both ends a quick pull, which leaves two very
fine hair-like points ; repeat this until you have enough.
Place the lamp back under the oven, so that it will be warmed
up for the next operation.

Then pick up a larva and drop him for a moment in a tiny
glass of alcohol, and as soon as he is motionless, lift him up
and lay on end of forefinger of left hand, with anal end up ;
then very gently, with thumb or pencil, squeeze the contents
through the anal opening ; a sharp knife to scrape this away
as fast as it appears will prevent discoloring the skin.

Still holding the deflated skin between thumb and forefinger
of left hand, pick up a glass tube, wet the point to prevent stick-
ing, and carefully insert in anal opening. Then for a second or
two hold in the oven, which will cause the skin to stick fast to
the tube. Then stick the big end of the glass tube in the rub-
ber tube connecting to the double bulb, and give the latter the
least bit of a squeeze, and if everything has been properly
done, the skin of the larva will spring out rounded and full
size. Then, still keeping up light pressure on bulb, place in
oven for a minute or two, until the skin is hard.

With a pair of sharp scissors, snip off the glass tube about
a sixteenth to an eighth of an inch behind the larva.

To mount, draw a number six pin through a small block of
cork about a quarter of an inch square, then at right angles
to the big pin stick a Minutien-Nadln through until the point
comes out the other side a quarter of an inch or more. Touch
the point of the Minutien-Nadln with thin shellac and care-
fully raise the larva and stick the point in broken-off end
of glass tube. Label with usual locality label and breeding
number. Of course, the same tube can be used many times,

June, '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 211

by holding the broken tips of two over the flame together,
which will fuse them ; let them cool a moment, and then heat
a little back from the junction and draw out a new point.

As soon as the name of the bred specimen can be obtained,
it should be written on the card, containing its life-history,
and from time to time the facts should be published. The
Editor of the News is hungry for just such original notes.
My services are freely offered here as elsewhere, and if any
collectors care to send me, in the fall after the breeding sea-
son is over, their notes and specimens, it will be a pleasure to
identify the latter and put the former into shape for the printer,
of course, giving full credit to the collector.

The space limitations prohibit a very elaborate explanation
of ever}^ detail of the work which has been outlined in a gen-
eral way in this series of articles, and naturally some essential
points have been overlooked ; for instance, the proper height
at which the insects should be placed on the pins, which, in the
case of Kirby No. i pins, should be at such a height that three-
quarters to seven-eighths of an inch of the pin is below the
thorax. This will make the plane or flat surfaces of the wings,
when spread, about one inch above the point of the pin.
Minutien-Nadln should be stuck clear through the thorax,
leaving only about an eighth of an inch of the head or blunt
end above it, — just enough to grasp with the forceps ; this
will leave the greater part below the insect, where all the
length possible is required for pinning on setting-boards and
through the double mount. Mr. Merrick calls my attention
to this omission, and also adds that the tin portable moth
trays, made from his plans, should be rivetted together and
not soldered. Experience with solder on several occasions
was disastrous.

As the majority of the readers of this are well aware, Mr.
Merrick has a large heart and kindly disposition ; hence, any-
one wanting to know more about the traps of his invention will
receive full advice and direction by addressing him.

My collection of all of the families of Micro- Lepidoptera is
very complete and well worked up ; in fact, some groups con-
tain a larger proportion of named species than any other col-

212 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, '04

lection in North America ; hence I am always willing and glad
to name small or large lots of specimens for new or old
correspondents, and invite correspondence from any and every
one who may be or who may become interested in this very
fascinating study, and advice or assistance can always be had
for the asking, both in regard to the collecting and rearing,
as briefly discussed in these papers, and as well the identifying
of specimens.

The electrotypes of Figs. 1 7 and 1 8 were loaned by Messrs.
Whitall, Tatum & Co., and of Fig. 19 by the Kny-Scheerer
Co. All of the special apparatus referred to in these Sug-
gestions can be purchased at reasonable prices from the dealers
who advertise in the News.

THE CANADIAN, ENTOMOLOGIST. 109

NEW TORTRICIDS FROM KASLO, B. C, AND THE
NORTHWEST.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

Through the courtesy of Dr. Harrison G. Dyar I have had the
privilege of examining and assisting in the identification of all the
specimens of the family Tortricidce collected and bred by him and his
assistants during the past summer at and in the vicinity of Kaslo, B. C.
A complete list of all species will be included in Dr. Dyar's comprehensive
paper on his summer's work, which is in course of preparation. All of the
species that appear to be unknown are described in the following paper.
Prof. C. H. Fernald has very kindly read over the MSS. and examined
the types, and confirmed my generic determinations, and in the case of
one species made a correction, for all of which I am glad to acknowledge
my obligation.

Cydia ardoitaphylana, sp. nov. — Head, palpi, thorax and fore
wings magenta, thickly sprinkled with grey, the latter predominating on
inner side of palpi. The grey and magenta scales alternate along inner
two-thirds of costa. Cilia of fore wing magenta inwardly margined by a
delicate line of grey scales. Hing wing light shining fuscous, cilia same.
Under side fore wing dark, smoky fuscous. Six or seven pale spots on
costa, in each of which are a pair of dark brown costal spots. Cilia dark
shining grey, tips magenta. Under side hind wing dark fuscous, with a
row of whitish spots on costa. A small black crescent margining apex, and
a series of faint, darker fuscous lines paralleling outer margin on outer
half Cilia light shining grey, inwardly outlined by a row of darker
fuscous scales. Abdomen light fuscous, anal tuft tinged with brown ;
under side darker fuscous, with shades of magenta. Legs grey, outside
and tibiae shaded with magenta.

Var. A. — Ground colour nearly same as above, but more of a
coppery-magenta. Palpi, only magenta on outside, upper edges and
inner sides grey. Head grey, with only a trace of magenta. Thorax
magenta. Fore wing: grey scales, mixed with black, almost entirely hide
the magenta on the dorsal margin ; a darker shade in the anal angle, and
a narrow band of nearly black scales, sprinkled with grey, outline the cilia
along the outer margin before this ; at and above anal angle are a few
dark brown scales, overlapping the dark line ; along the costal are a
number of whitish or light grey spots, alternating with dark brown.
Cilia dark smoky-grey, sprinkled with a very few light grey specks,

April, 1904.

110 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Var. B. — Ground colour same as last two, but the dorsal band of
Var. A in Var. B is a broad band, one-third width of wing, of whitish
scales, interrupted and mixed with black, the outer and costal margin are
the same, but narrower, leaving the ground colour in only the middle of
the wing, forming a broad band from base to just before outer margin.
Palpi dull black, tips of scales greyish-black, sprinkled with lighter ;
under side grey. Head dark fuscous, scales very long, projecting well
above and in front of eyes in the form of ruffs. Thorax and patagia the
same, but more mottled with lighter fuscous shades. Fore wing magenta,
well sprinkled with whitish scales, these are more concentrated at outer
third, below costa, and at apex shading into and obliterated by whitish
and brownish fuscous scales. Costa from base to apex, alternate short
patches of blackish-brown and whitish scales ; this line is only on costal
nervule. Scales on dorsal margin, whitish or very pale grey, forming a
band extending upwards one-third width of wing ; upper margin irregular,
well defined and not gradually shading into ground colour. A conspicuous
dark brown spot at inner and outer third on upper edge of this band, and
a number of small spots of same colour touching dorsum, and three small
patches between the inper large patch and base ; other small patches
of dark brown occur, making it appear mottled. Before outer margin
ground colour shades into light grey and fuscous, the latter forming a
narrow line, succeeded by a paler one, and beyond this another dark line
just before cilia. The latter is dark fuscous, mottled with lighter dots,
and at anal angle pale fuscous.

Described from 13 specimens. Seven nearly immaculate, and thrt^
each like varieties A and B. Alar Exp., 17 to 18 mm.

Bred by Dr. Dyar, Kaslo, B. C, on Arctostaphyla sp., and collected
Platte Canon, Col., Aug. 24 to Sept. it. U. S. Nat. Mus., Type No. 7786.

Cydia pseudotsugana, sp. nov.— Head fawn colour, the scales
standing separately, and giving speckled appearance, by darker shades at
their bases ; face darker. Palpi, fawn colour inside and at base outside,
shading into dark brown ; terminal joint bare, projecting its full length
beyond tuft of second joint, blackish-brown, a dot of fawn on extreme tip.
Thorax and patagia same as head, very dark brown beneath, irrorated
with fawn-colour tips of scales. Fore wing, shades of whitish grey,
fuscous and black. The basal patch occupies a little more than one-third
the length of wing on the median line, angling sharply inwards to costa
and dorsal margin, both of which it reaches at the inner fourth. Ground

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Ill

colour greyibh wiiite, almost evenly spread dark brown and black, the
dark colour is concentrated in three dots on fold, the middle one
extending in a line nearly to dorsum, and beyond these a dark oblique
line, defining the basal patch to median line, thence abruptly angling
inward nearly to, but not reaching, dorsum. A small dark dot on costa
between this line and base ; on lower half are scattered ligiit brown
scales. A dark broad band begins on costa, just beyond middle, as a
small dot, but broadens just below costa and ends on dorsum before anal
angle. The inner and outer edges of this band are irregular, with three
distinct rounded projections on the outer and the same number of
rectangular projections on the inner edges. Scattered over this band are
a few whitish and reddish-brown scales, the former predominating above
and the latter beneath the median line. Between this band and the basal
patch the colour is more whitish than basal patch, appearing as a paler
band, interrupted by a concentration of dark scales, forming a short
horizontal line about a third below the costa, and a dark dash on costa
in centre of light area; a broader band of darker scales begins about
median line and proceeds obliquely inwards towards, but not quite
reaching, costa. The lower half of this light area is a conspicuous patch
of almost white scales, in the centre of which is a small patch of light
brown. Beyond the central dark fascia the ground colour as light as
between oasal patch and dark fascia ; a conspicuous rounded subapical
patch of dark scales defines the pale area and causes the latter to appear
as a vvhitish band from costa to anal angle. On the costa are four evenly-
spaced dark dots, the inner in the centre of the vvhitish fascia, the outer
on the apex, and the one before the apical spot is confluent with the sub-
apical dark patch. On both the pale area and dark patches are scattered
light brown scales ; a line of almost black scales precedes the dark lead-
coloured cilia. Hind wing smoky-fuscous, under side same, but darker
on fore wing, the costa of latter marked with geminate whitish dots,
continuing over from the upper side. Abdomen grey, paler beneath ;
legs same as under side of abdomen, shaded with fuscous and annulated
with dark brown. In some specimens the light brown scales are missing,
this may be due to rubbing, as these scales seem to be longer and less
firmly rooted, but they are not long or erect enough to be classed as
raised scales. Alar Exp., 17 mm.

Twenty-three specimens, collected by Dr. Dyar at Kaslo and
Kokanee Mt., and taken torpid on the snow of Kitchener Glacier about

112 Tti^ CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Aug. 10 ; also bred by him from larvre taken June 24 on Pseiidotsiiga sp,
U. S. Nat. Mas. Type No. 7788.

Proteopteryx Columbia, sp. nov. — Head clothed with long brown
scales. Palpi same colour, paler beneath and inside, point of apical joint
fuscous, scarcely projecting beyond tuft of second joint. Thorax, closely
appressed smoky-black scales, very minutely sprinkled with brown.
Patagia same, tips of scales light fuscous. Fore wing, greyish fuscous,
marked with black streaks and dots and heavily overlaid, especially on
lower half, with reddish-brown scales of several shades. Basal patch not
distinctly defined, costal fold one-quarter length of wing, mottled grey,
black and pale reddish-brown. Beyond fold on costa are five large
oblique dashes, between each is a smaller dot, all black, but bordered by
bright reddish-brown scales, between these dots and dashes the scales are
nearly white, the outer dash is on the apex ; below the third and fourth
dashes is an irregular short horizontal black streak, divided into two fine
lines at its outer end by a concentration of bright reddish-brown scales, the
latter scales form a ?-shaped mark, with the upper edge of the rounded
part bordering the black streak, the upper point running into outer margin
and the lower point nearly to anal angle. A larger, somewhat oblique
horizontal streak begins just beyond middle of wing, and ends beyond
end of cell, a few reddish-brown scales are sprinkled over it, below it and
reaching to dorsal margin is a large, roughly-triangular patch' of mixed
pale brown and reddish brown ; this colour continues on dorsum to anal
angle, but before reaching it and defining an ocellic spot the brown scales
project upwards and merge into a small black dentate streak. The scales
on the outer half of wing, between these black and brown patches, have
a very pale bluish-white appearance. The lower and inner quarter of
wing is heavily overlaid with brown scales, a shade darker than the brown
dorsal patch, into which they merge. The extreme dorsal margin is dotted
with black. There is a broad outer marginal line of evenly-mixed fuscous,
gray and brown scales, this line bends sharply outwards above the
marginal notch, which is opposite 3, 4 and 5. Cilia brownish-fuscous,
long, a few long scales of black at lower end, inside anal angle. Hind
wing smoky fuscous, darkest on apex. Cilia a shade lighter, under side
same, but slightly paler. Under side fore wing dark smoky fuscous,
darkest at apex, five white dots on costa, each enclosing a smaller black
(lot. Abdomen grey, anal tuft light brown. Legs light grey, tinged with
pale brown.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. • 1]3

In another specimen the pattern is the same as the above, but the
ground colour is more uniformly a bright or steely grey ; the brown scales
are nearly entirely absent, and the clothing of the head and palpi is almost
white, but faintly tinged with yellowish-brown or very pale fawn. On the
thorax of this specimen are three small pure white dots, one on each side,
the result of the extreme ends of the scales of the patagia being white,
and one on posterior edge, caused by the tips of the thoracic scales,
which partly overlap first abdominal segment, being white.

In another specimen the reddish-brown scales cover nearly all of the
lower half of the fore wing, and in other specimens these scales are
coppery-brown, and in others pale brown or fawn colour. The species
seems to be quite variable, but a fairly constant characteristic of all that I
group under the name Columbia is the pair of black patches on the outer
half of fore wing, one before apex, parallel to and just below costa, and a
larger one also parallel to costa, but on a lower level, covering end of cell.
These two streaks, with the smaller one on the apex, make three steps,
each nearly an equal height above the other.

Besides the above there are two very differently marked varieties
which show no intergrades, and are entitled to varietal names j they may
possibly be distinct species, as Dr. Dyar's breeding records of this group
are not entirely satisfactory to him. .

Proteopieryx Columbia, var. albidorsatia, var. nov. — Head well
clothed with long smoky-black scales. Palpi fawn colour, speckled with
blackish, the latter predominating on end of tuft, and paler fawn on inside.
Thorax black, with a few very minute brown specks. Fore wing dark
chocolate-brown ; basal patch smoky-black, about half length of costal
fold, convex outwardly. On the dorsum, defined on the inside by the
basal patch, is a broad white band, the upper edge is excavated deeply
just beyond its inner end by the ground colour, beyond this it extends
upwards to a sharp point at about the middle of the cell, thence curving
downward and again upward, terminating in a sharp point on middle of
wing, just beyond end of cell ; the ground colour below this forms a
triangular patch on dorsum, just before anal ocellic spot, the base of the
triangle rests on dorsal margin at and before anal angle, but leaves margin
and indents white area, causing the latter to terminate outwardly in two
points. The ocellic spot is a hemispherical patch of these same white
scales, but a shade less white.

In other specimens the white dorsal area is replaced by fawn-coloured
scales. On the costa, beyond the fold, are five pairs of greyish-blue

114 THE CANADIAN ENIOMOLOGIST.

oblique streaks, lightest on the costa. A streak of black begins on apex,
and proceeds parallel to costa to about middle of cell, interrupted at half
its length. An obscurely black streak on median line, between basal patch
and inner third, a few black scales overlaying white patch on dorsal
margin before inner third. Outer margin and cilia dark fuscous, a black
dash in cilia just below apex. Hind wing dark smoky-brown, cilia darker.
Under side fore wing dark smoky-brown, cilia lighter ; five geminate
whitish spots on costa. Under side hind wing and cilia fuscous.
Abdomen, upper side same as thorax, black, with a few very minute
brown specks, anal tuft purplish brown. On the second or third
abdominal segment is a flattened tuft of long scales. Under side of
abdomen and legs light fuscous, latter annulated with black and speckled,
same as upper side of abdomen and thorax.

Protopteryx Cohimbia., var. mediostriana, var. nov. — Head brown,
mixed with lighter and darker scales, mottled. Palpi mottled-brown
outside, nearly white on inside and apex. Thorax smoky-black, very
minutely speckled with brown ; patagia with white spot on posterior end.
Fore wing, ground colour very uniformly mottled bluish-grey, fuscous and
black scales, with a few brown scales in patches and streaks. Beginning
at base on median line and extending to outer margin just above
anal angle is a pinkish favi^n-coloured streak, slightly wider at outer
end ; a second streak of this same colour begins at base, but only extends
to inner third, below and parallel to the long one, they are joined together
at base. A number of geminate whitish dots on costa. Hind wing smoky
fuscous, cilia fuscous. Under side, fore wing smoky fuscous, with geminate
whitish dots repeated on costa. Hind wing fuscous, darker before apex.
Abdomen very dark fuscous ; under side paler. Legs fuscous.

Described from about 60 specimens, of which ten per cent, are var.
albidorsana and the same number var. mediostriana. Bred by Dr. Dyar,
Kaslo, B. C, on willow (?), and collected by Dr. Taylor, Wellington and
Vancouver, B. C, and by Mr. Bryant, Wellington, B. C, latter part of
February to latter part of March. U. S. Nat. Mus. Type Nos. 7789,
7790 and 7791, respectively.

This species is nearest to the European Protoepteryx crenana, Hbn.,
inasmuch as both are extremely variable ; all of the British Columbian
specimens are larger than crejiana, the general colour of the latter is
brighter and less sombre, and the hind wings o{ crenana decidedly lighter,
I have no knowledge of the variety mediostriana occurring at all in Europe.

Named in honour of the earnest and hard-working Entomologists of
the British Columbia district.

(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 137

NEW TORTRICIDS FROM KASLO, B. C, AND THE
NORTHWEST.

BV W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 114.)
Enarvionia Cockleana, sp. no v. — Palpi pale fawn, tipped with black.
Front of head or face very pale fawn, top of head and thorax a shade
deeper. Fore wing rich reddish chocolate brown, by refracted light, scales
prismatic, like burnished copper. A broad fawn-coloured fascia from costa
at inner third obliquely to dorsal margin beyond half. A second oblique
fascia parallels the first, begins on costa at outer two-thirds, and ends
at anal angle ; this is broader on costa, and lower half is not so well
defined. The inner fascia is nearly straight on inner margin, which is
sharply defined by a line of shining pearl-white scales, interrupted three
times ; the outer edge of fascia is indented by four similar pearl-white
patches projecting outward over the brown ground colour. The upper
pearly-white spots do not touch the costa, but the lower ones are on the
dorsal margin. The outer fascia is not so conspicuous as the inner. On
its inner edge is a line of pearly-white scales beginning on the costa, inter-
rupted the middle of its length, and terminating just above the anal angle.
On its outer edge is a small pearl costal spot, below this a short vertical
streak. Just before the outer margin is an irregular row of five small
pearly-white spots. The last named -and the lower streaks on outer fascia
have a metallic blue reflection. The base of wing to inner fascia and tiie
space between the two fascisB is thickly sprinkled with fawn-colour scales.
Costa, to outer fascia brown, sprinkled with fawn, with four pure white
dashes or patches beyond ; the first is geminate, and with the second, is
in the outer fascia, the third makes an extension of this fascia, and the
fourth between third and apex. The fourth is narrowly lined before and
beyond with black, and on it is the upper of the submarginal row of pearl-
metallic-blue dots. Costa between third and fourth white patch and
beyond latter to apex is black. Beneath this black, at apex, is an ovate
spot of ochreous-brown, enclosing a darker brown dot. Cilia white
below apex to middle, below this and around anal angle fuscous. Hind
wing and under side both wings dull metallic dark fuscous, or dark-
coppery-fuscous. Cilia lighter. Abdomen, upper side dark shining gray,
anal tuft yellowish brown or fawn, under side same as tuft. Legs same.
Tarsi with dark annulations. Alar exp-, 12 to 13 mm.

May, 1904.

138 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Twenty-eight specimens, twenty-six collected and bred by Dr. Dyar,
Kaslo, B. C. Larvse June 17, on willow, issued and flown specimens July
25 ; and two specimens taken by Dr. Barnes, Aug. 9, Banff, Alberta. U.
S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 7787.

Named in honour of Mr. J, W. Cockle, the enterprising and inde-
fatigable collector who is making Kaslo famous.

Acleris Britannia, sp. nov. — Head light brownish fuscous, tips of
scales shaded with deeper brown. Palpi fuscous, beneath and inside,
brown outside. Antennae fuscous beneath, reddish brown above. Thorax
ochreous brown, with scales arranged in a tuft. Fore wing ochreish-brown.
Costa at base dark brown. A faint brown outwardly-curved oblique line
begins at costa at about one-fifth, touching dorsal margin at one-quarter.
Parallel to this line is a second brown line, beginning on costa at two-fifths
and touching dorsum just beyond middle. The space between these two
lines is paler than the balance of wing, forming a well-defined oblique
fascia. The usual triangular costal patch begins at this second line, and
is unusually large and dark. It extends along costa to but not touching
apex, more than half length of costa, and the lower point nearly to centre
line of wing ; colour of patch rich dark coppery brown, roughly arranged
in parallel oblique rows, between the rows brownish fuscous ; heavily
overlaying the patch are clusters of dark gray scales. These are particu-
larly grouped at the lower point, just beyond inner point, and before outer
point, and a row of d9ts below but not on costa. The costa along the
patch is paler. Tips of scales, on outer margin, overlapping, cilia are
darker brown, forming a fine marginal line.

There are a number of dots of black raised scales ; the largest and
highest is just above dorsum, on the inner of the above parallel lines, on
the outer of these lines five or six small clusters, the cluster in centre the
largest, the lowest one is on the dorsal margin, another small dot is just
beyond this and just above the dorsal margin. Seven small clusters
form an acutely outwardly curved line, its upper end beginning in the dark
costal patch about half way between the lower and outer points of the
patch, and curving outward towards outer margin, thence evenly and
regularly curving to the anal angle. Another dot is below outer end of
costal patch and before apex. The ground colour of the fore wing is more
of a tawny yellow than ochreous brown ; under a low-power lens the
ground colour is seen to be a series of wavy lines, alternately tawny yellow
and a lighter cinereous yellow. These lines are generally parallel and

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 139

oblique. They are an entirely independent ornamentation to the lines,
spots, etc., in above general description. Cilia same as ground colour,
tinged with fuscous, and bordered on the inner side by a thin brighter line.
Hind wing very pale ash gray, with a reticulated effect on the outer half,
and especially the apical third, caused by a series of parallel brownish
fuscous lines, broken into short dashes. Cilia long, concolorous. Under
side, fore wing shining fuscous, with the lines and dots of upper side
repeated by darker fuscous. On the inner half of costa are several
oblique dark fuscous dashes. Cilia concolorous, shading into brown at
extreme edge and apex. Under side, hind wing same as upper side.
Abdomen fuscous. Legs fuscous, annulated with dark fuscous on last
joint.

The type described above is like the majority of the specimens
before me. Two extremes may be noted.

In one, A, the costal patch is so heavily overlaid with nearly black,
slate-coloured scales, that the ground colour is entirely hidden, except a
line along the costa, and a small enlargement of this line in the middle of
the patch. .

In another, B, the general colour is lighter all over, with barely a trace
of the dark slate scales in the patch. In this specimen the wave-like lines
of the ground colour are not nearly so well defined, but the lighter and
darker scales are broken up into small patches ; one is particularly well
marked, near base on dorsum, and surrounding the large dot of black
raised scales.

The general appearance of all specimens is much the same, these
differences only becoming prominent through a lens. Alar exp., 17 to 19
mm.

This species is close to the European Acleris aspersana, Hbn., but is
quite distinct, especially larger average size, pair of basal lines absent in
aspersana, and hind wings of latter are evenly smoky fuscous, no lines or
reticulations.

Described from 23 specimens, 16 from Kaslo, B. C, collected by Dr.
Dyar, also bred by him on rose, and 6 specimens collected by Dr. Taylor
and one by Theo. Bryant in the vicinity of Wellington and Victoria, B. C.
I have also seen one specimen in the Museum of Comp. Anat., Cambridge,
labelled " B. C," and I have so named it after British Columbia.

Larva taken July 21. Moths emerged and dates of capture, July 31
(Bryant), Aug. 20 (Taylor), and Sept. 5 (Dyar).

140 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

U. S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 7784.

Ac/eris fragariana, sp. nov. — Head and palpi dull smoky black, tips
of scales gray, giving a mottled appearance, prothoracic legs and under
side of thorax the same ; the gray colour predominates on inside and
under side of palpi. Thorax, patagia and fore wings yellowish brown.
Scales on thorax long, arranged in a well-defined tuft. Fore wing : the
inner half, including the base, is of ground colour, mottled by four evenly
spaced, transverse, narrow, interrupted bands of a shade darker brown.
The dorsal margin, within this space, beginning just beyond the base, is
overlaid with dark blue-gray scales, formed into short vertical bars,
between the bars the ground colour is darker brown. This dorsal band
extends out to anal angle, but merges beyond the middle with the darker
outer half The latter is sharply defined by line beginning on costa, just
before the middle to the dorsum, oblique and curving slightly outwards.
The lower two-thirds of this line is of darker brown raised scales. Adjoin-
ing this line outwardly is a band of mixed rust brown, gray-blue and dark
brown scales ; in this band, where it touches costa, are two small dark
brown costal spots ; this oblique band continues down and merges into
dorsal dark band ; beyond this band on the costa is a small triangular
patch of ground colour scales, with a short oblique streak of d ark brown
on costa just before outer end of patch. Beyond this on costa, and just
before the apex, is an almost circular patch of dark gray-blue scales,
bounded by short raised scales tipped with black. Below this circular
patch the general colour is lighter, the lighter colour circling the patch on
outer side and running up to costa at apex. Beginning at apex and con-
tinuing to outer margin, just above anal angle, is a perfectly straight vertical
line of black raised scales, interrupted by a short break one-third below
costa ; and opposite this break; closer to outer margin, is a short line of
the same scales, slightly overlapping the inner line at the lower end, and
continuing up to apex, roughly margining the cilia. At the inner third,
just above dorsal margin, on lower median line, is a large cluster of raised
scales, dark brown mixed with black ; above this, a little nearer to base,
on median line, is a small cluster of brown raised scales, with a black dot
in centre ; a third small cluster is between these two, but a little beyond
them. These three clusters are all on the inner yellowish-brown half of
wing, the first mentioned and largest resting on the dark dorsal band.
(.'ilia long, mottled light and dark brown at apex, with a scale or two of
black. This colour continues to middle of outer margin, where it gradually

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 141

merges into blue-gray, wliich latter colour is solid at and around anal
angle. A faint line of this gray runs up through centre of cilia to apex.
Hind wing shining light fuscous, cilia same. Under side fore wing: inner
half pale yellowish brown, lighter than upper surface ; outer half light lead
colour, a dark brown, short, oblique dash on costa at inner fourth, and a
small black dot at middle of costa. Apical portion of under side and cilia
mottled with brown, and the colour of the raised scales of upper side are
repeated. Under side hind wing very light fuscous, marked by a few
brownish black broken lines, paralleling outer margin, in apical and costal
regions. These lines are faintly visible from the upper side. Abdomen :
above shining fuscous, anal tuft faintly tinged vvith brown; under side
same, but a shade darker. Meso- and metathoracic legs dark gray on
upper joints ; outer cinereous, annulated with dark brown. Alar exp.,
14 to 15 mm.

Described from four specimens, bred on strawberry, at Ellensburgh,
Wash.; forwarded by S. W. Maxey, through F. H. Cliittenden. Issued
Aug. 22.

U. S. Nat. Mus. Type No. 7785.

Commophila fuscodorsa?ia, sp. nov. — Head white, shaded vvith brown
on tlie sides. Palpi and thorax white. Fore wing pure wliite. except
basal patch and band on dorsal margin, nearly one-third width of wing,
extending two-thirds length of wing, and at outer end merging into a patch
covering lower end of cell, greenish fuscous ; overlaid along dorsal margin
with striations of pearly white. On the extreme dorsal edge the fuscous
is interrupted by a row of pure white dots. At apex are two short rounded
liries of dark .greenish fuscous, one margining the cilia and one paralleling
it just before apex, both touching costa. On the costa at middle of wing
are two pale greenish dots, below these a shade of light yellow, running
into or forming a continuation of the fuscous patch terminating the dorsal
band. The faint vertical streaks of very pale greenish fuscous traverse
the white outer third between the dorsal fuscous patch and apical lines.
Cilia white, except at apex, fuscous. Hind wing light fuscous, cilia paler.
Under side fore wing smoky fuscous, darker at apex ; hind wing light
fuscous. Abdomen yellowish fuscous, anal tuft lighter, legs same. Alar
exp., 18 mm.

Described from two (f; $ , one Kaslo, B. C, June 7, J. W. Cockle ;
one Fieldbrook, Cal., May 21, H. S. Barber.

Type, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 7876.

142 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

THE CRICKETS OF ONTARIO.

BY E. M. WALKER, B.A., M.B., TORONTO.

The crickets, or Gryllidae, like the other families of/Orthoptera, have
received so little attention from Canadian entomolo/ists that vety few
species have been reported from the country, and mo,st of these few records
are of little value, as they were made at a time when the family had been
little studied, and the species were ill defined. Much has been done of
late, however, by American entomologists, notably Scudder and Blatchley,
to unravel these difficulties, although the family is still a very diflicult one
to deal with, and much patience and close observation is necessary in
order to separate the species satisfactorily. As the writer has paid a good
deal of attention to the Orthoptera for the past ten years, a number of
species of crickets have been added to the Ontario fauna, and the following
notes upon these species may serve as a guide to the further and more
complete investigation of the species of Gryllidfe in this part of the country.

Briefly, the Gryllidse may be characterized as follows : They are
jumping Orthoptera, in which the body is more or less depressed. The
wing-covers lie flat upon the dorsal surface of the body, with the outer part
bent abruptly downwards at the sides. The tarsi are 3-jointed, without
pads between them, and the fore coxas are longer than broad. The antennae
are usually long and filiform ; the hearing organ, when present, is situated
at the base of the fore tlbis, and the shrilling organ of the male is near
the base of the tegmen, and is longer and broader than in the Locustidse.
The ovipositor when exposed is long and spear-like, and apparently
consists of two lateral pieces, grooved internally. Each of these pieces,
however, is made up ofytwo separate parts closely fitted together. A tube
is thus formed, down )/^hich the eggs are passed during oviposition.

Three subfamilies of GryllidiB are represented in Ontario, the Gryl.
lotalpinte or mole ^trickets, the Gryllinre or ground crickets, and the
TKcanthinae or tretf" crickets. These subfamilies may be separated by the
following table, ^hich, with the succeeding ones, has been taken from
Blatchley's exc^lent report on the Orthoptera of Indiana (27th .\nn. Rep.
Dep. Geol. R^fes. Ind., 1902), such changes having been made as were
necessary to.4dapt them to the Ontario fauna. I am also indebted to Mr.
Blatchley (dr the loan of specimens, and for his kind assistance to me in
the deteriinnation of difficult species.

Ma), I904'/

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

305

T

A NEW GENUS OF SPIDERS.

BY THEO. H. SCHEFFER, A.M., MANHATTAN, KANS.

Family Thomisidse : Subfamily Philodromin^. /
Philodromoides, gen. nov.— Cephalothorax low, about/as wide as
long ; head region much narrowed and slightly elevated. Abdomen fully
twice as long as wide, very little wider behind than at tfie base ; some-
what pointed at the end ; the base projects a short distance over the
cephalothorax, and is distinctly notched on the upper side. The sternum
and labium are about as in Pliilodromus. All eye?'" approximately equal
in size ; the anterior row much the shorter and slightly recurved ; median
eyes of this row farther from each other than fr^ the side eyes. Posterior
row also recurved ; side eyes of this row on larger tubercles than any of
the others ; median eyes farther from each (6ther than from the side eyes.
Ocular quadrangle considerably wider beliind ; about as wide as long.
Clypeus wider than space between anterior median eyes, but not as wide
as space between posterior median eyes ; obliquely directed forward and
downward. Legs long and slender, the second pair longest, the third
shortest; the relative lengths are,. in their order, second pair, first pair,
fourth pair, third pair. The tibiae of the first and second pairs are set
beneath with ten or twelve stou't spines arranged in two rows, and the
metatarsi are similarly armed with half that number. Weaker spines
likewise occur on the other two pairs of legs and on the pedipalps.

Fig. 8.

306 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Philodromoides praiarice, sp. nov, — Female. Length, d»mm.; length
and width of cephalothorax, 2 mm.; width of abdomeny^ mm. Other
characters as given in the generic description. A ver/Tew short bristle-
like hairs scattered about among the spines on the otUer joints of the legs
and on the chelicerse and the pedipalps ; thickest i<5n the tarsi of the latter.

Coloration. — Abdomen plain brown abo,r*e, mottled and streaked
with a lighter shade. The four muscle impressions are quite distinct.
Cephalothorax rusty-brown, lighter at the sides and just back of the head
region. Streaks marked by depressed lines radiate from the dorsal groove.
The sternum is pale yellow or almost white. The abdomen is lighter
beneath than above, and there is a less mottled central region, set off by
a row of indistinct dots on either side. The legs are pale yellow to
whitish. The femora, patellae and tibiae of all four pairs are marked in
front with a longitudinal stripe of black, which becomes nearly obliterated
on the metatarsi and tarsi. The corresponding joints of the legs of the
third and fourth pairs are similarly marked on the hind border also.

The males are somewhat smaller than the females, the abdomen
being consideraiily narrower than the cephalothorax. The legs are more
hairy in appearance and the spines less conspicuous than in the female.
The colour markings are about the same in the two sexes.

This species is n,ot uncommon about Manhattan, Kansas, in mid-
summer. Mature males and females were taken in this locality on
Augdst 17. Types are in the collection of the Kansas State Agricultural
College and in the National Museum at Washington.

A NEW PROTEOPTERYX.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

Proteopteryx Willingana, sp. nov.

(J, 18 mm. Head; thorax, palpi, antennae and fore wings, same
shade of very light tan or pale brownish-fuscous, overlaid with a few
blackish brown scales.

Palpi : outer joint short, obtusely pointed ; tuft on second joint
flattened and appressed, lower scales extending to outer end of outer joint.
Head roughly scaled. Eyes black with coppery reflection. Antennse
annulated with fuscous and brown. Thorax smooth.

October, 1904.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 307

Fore wing : just ;beyond base, above and below fold five smjiU
clusters of dark scales in an irregular ring, open towards base. A broad
oblique central fascia is faintly outlined by two very scattering lines of
dark, scales, the inner from inner quarter of costa to inner third on
dorsum, and the outer from middle of costa to dorsum before angle.
Regularly and closely placed on costa are small clusters of dark scales, in
short oblique dashes on the inner half, and short oblique lines on the
outer half. A small subapical dark spot, and below it a submarginal
cloud of darker scales between the latter and outer margin, obscurely
merging into centra! fascia. The lower two-thirds of margin are almost
entirely free from dark scales, and are of a pale yellowish-fuscous colour,
except the ocellic spot above angle, which is white, overlaid with gray.
Cilia same as fore wing, but slightly darker.

Hind wing pale fuscous, with darker fuscous scales] below outer half
of costa and at apex. Cilia same. All the space above vein 8 is closely
and heavily clothed with rather short black scales ; this fis possibly a
sexual character. Abdomen grayish-fuscous, anal tuft bright light brown.
Legs yellowish fuscous, shaded with light brown.

. ? , i8 to 20 mm. Three specimens, each differing ifrom each other
only in degree of darkness, and differing from the male in the absence of
the black subcostal streak on hind wing and in the addition of four
clusters of raised scales on the fore wing, three subdorsal, evenly spaced,
inner just beyond base and outer before angle, the fourth isjabove and
beyond the latter. ' '

Fore wing of palest 9 contains less black scales than ^ described
above, and the lines indicating the central fascia are almost obsolete.
There are three short parallel horizontal dark lines on outer margin below
apex, and a fourth below them traversing the ocellic spot. White scales
are rather freely scattered over the fore wing of this specimen, which
under a low-power lens or with eye only, appears almost immaculate, of a
pale tan colour, with basal area, a broad oblique band beyond central
fascia and cilia a shade darker.

The markings on fore wing of darkest 9 are well defined. The
ground-colour is white and whitish-fuscous, with streaks and spots of
yellowish-tan. The black scales are arranged as follows ; A short vertical
streak just beyond base connects by a line in the fold to a parallel vertical
streak inclined inwardly, neither touching dorsum. A rather large

308 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGISf.

quadrate costal spot at inner fourth and below and beyond it, but separated
by ground-colour ; another quadrate spot, above and defining the middle
cluster of raised scales ; these two spots form the inner boundary of the
central pale fascia. At centre of costa an oblique line goes to lower
median vein, thence curves outwardly, then upward into apex, is broken
just before apex by ground-colour, and sends off two straight horizontal
lines into margin. The first upper half of this line forms the outer
definition of central fascia, the lower half of which is defined by a short
horizontal streak and three small dots. The costal maculation is less
distinct on this than the more obscurely-marked $ , and the black-brown
streaks of the latter are replaced by pale fuscous and yellowish-fuscous.
Ocellic spot in anal angle is an inverted U of pure white scales, yellow in
the centre and broken by a horizontal fuscous line through outer leg.
Subciliate line dark fuscous, cilia yellowish-fuscous.

Described from one ^ and three $ 's bred by Mr. T. N. Willing,
Regina, Assa., in whose honour the species is named, and kindly forwarded
for determination by Dr. James Fletcher, who states that the species is
likely *to become of rather considerable economic importance in the North-
west, as the larvse are gall-makers on the twigs of Negimdo aceroides,
Moench. {Acer negundo, L., of Britton and Brown), the box elder. No
doubt a more detailed account of the work of this insect and description
of the larvse will be given in one of Dr. Fletcher's annual reports. The
labels on Mr. Willing's specimens state the moths issued July 2 to 7.

' The genus Proteopteryx was erected by Walsingham*, with emar-
ginana, Wlsm., as the type of the genus. Fernaldf has recently pointed
out that efiiarginana has a costal fold, mention of which was omitted by
Walsingham, hence a costal fold in the A must be added to the characters
of genus Proteopteryx.

This species Willingana agrees in venation and other characters with
Walsingham's original definition of the genus, but the $ has no costal
fold ; hence it, with some others of the species now placed under this
genus in our lists, will, when furthur study has been given the subject, be
separated from Proteopteryx.

*Ills. Lep. Het., Br. Mus., IV., 68, 1879.
tCAN. Ent., XXXVI., 120, 1904.

Mailed Sept. .^oth, 1904.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

with tltte Pacific coast Barid fauna in general. It now seems probable
that, \ike\CystroJ>us Californicus, of Horn, the Centrinus lineelluSjO{ Le
Conte, is aifsadventitious importation from Central AjjueftcttT-wTiIch should
be removed fnam the list of our native CoU

The genus y^/<?^/;£7Wtf^/V5, Csy. (L„je<VlII., p. 829), is a synonym of
Sternechus, Sch., Previously sup^losed to be entirely tropical, and the
genus Copiurodes, G^sy. {\.jeriX., p. 669), is a synonym of Cylindrocop-
turus, published by HeU^ two years before.

COLEOPHORA TILI/EFOLIELLA, CLEM.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

This species was named by Clemens* from the larval habit and food-
plant only. He did not publish a description of the moth, nor, so far as
I am aware, has any one else bred it, until very recently Mr. Arthur
Gibson rediscovered the larvse on basswood.

The case is of the so-called pistol-shape, of about same size and
hardly differing from the well-known pistol-case on applef, excepting that
the side wings are less expanded or more closely appressed.

The following is a description of the moth :

Head, thorax and antennae-basal brushes very light brown or pale
fawn, face and under side of head whitish ; a collar of nearly white scales
between head and thorax. Palpi whitish at base and beneath, gradually
becoming pale brown at tips. Antennae annulated with white and light
brown.

Fore wing : Ground-colour at base and inner fourth of costa same
shade as thorax, beyond and gradually increasing in intensity, overlaid
with darker brown, becoming smoky black at apex. A line of white scales
along middle of costa, and parallel, beneath a shorter white line, below
this a few scattered white scales. Another narrow white line on costa,
before apex. Continuing around outer margin to about the middle of the
long dorsal cilia, the white scales of this marginal line project into the
cilia. Cilia brown, gradually becoming smoky-black at apex. The tips
of costa-cilial scales white.

Hind wing, cilia and under side of both wings dark smoky fuscous.
Abdomen above dark shining fuscous, anal tuft, under side and legs
whitish.

Exp., 14 mm. One V specimen bred by Mr. Arthur Gibson,
Ottawa, Canada. Larval case collected on basswood, June 21, 1904;
issued June 30, 1904.

*Proc. Ento. Soc. Phila.. Vol. I., p. 80, 1861,

tC tna/tvore/la, Riley.
November, 1904.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 323

YuccAEORus, Lec.

V. lentiginoses, ii. sp. — Rather narrowly elongate-oval, convex, black,
shining, the elytra dull and with many of the punctures of ihe intervals
surrounded by a pale yellowish-white modification of the surface, the
punctures along each side of the pronotuni also so affected; beak slender,
parallel, straight, four-fifths as long as the prothorax, the. antennae inserted
just beyond the middle, where there is a slight lateral s,welling ; punctures
coarse and subconfluent ; antennte thick, the glabrp'us polished base of
the club extending beyond the middle on the ./Compressed sides, but
confined to the basal parts on the narrow sides,,''the scape attaining the
eyes, which are coarsely granulated, the individual facets very convex ;
prothorax not quite as long as wide, the sides rounded ; apex much
narrower than the base, transverse, feebly sinuate at the middle, the base
rectilinearly truncate ; punctures coarse, deep and rather close-set,
polygonally crowded toward the sides.| elytra a fourth wider than the
prothorax, and more than twice as long, the sides parallel and straight,
converging and rounded in apical third; humeri rather widely exposed at
base, the angles rounded ; striae not very coarse, feebly impressed,
coarsely and strongly punctured toward base, finely toward apex, the
intervals each with a single ur>even series of fine punctures ; abdomen
strongly and sparsely but only moderately coarsely punctate, strongly
impressed in the middle near the base in the male; legs moderate, shining,
punctate. Length, 8.5-9.5 mm.; width, 3.0-3.7 mm.

Texas (Brownsville), Mr. H. F. VVickham.

There is no described species in our fauna closely allied to this, as
may be gathered from the table previously published by the writer (Ann.
N. Y. Acad. Sci., VI., 688). but it belongs with grossus rather than with
frontalis, though very much smaller than that species, and less coarsely
sculptured. The singular small pale spots of the elytra are a distinctive
feature ; they are irregularly distributed over the entire surface.

Notes.
I have recently received a Guatemalan species of Centrinus, which
cannot be distinguished from lineellus, described by LeConte from a
unique, said to have been taken in California. While drawing up a
redescription of this species (Ann. N. V. Acad. Sci., VI., p. 592), it was
ini|)'ossible to avoid a suspicion of some mistake in the locality, because
^ the tropical appearance of the species and its apparent lack of harmony

Nov., '04] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 3OI

Notes on the Life History of Polychrysia formosa Gr.

By W. D. Kearfott.

At the Southern end of Greenwood Lake, N. J., Ma}^ 20,
1 901, while digging up some plants of large yellow Ladies'
Slipper (probably Cypripedium hirsutum Mill.) I in some
way disturbed the repose of a singularlj' shaped larva, wdiich
fell to the ground close to my hand ; the nearest plant was a
low- growing huckleberry shrub, (probably Vaccinium iiigriivi
Wood or vacillans Kalm) some of the leaves of which were
enclosed in box with the larva, and as it freely ate them, I
have no doubt it is the food-plant.

Not appreciating the rarity of the larva, the moth from
which was later identified by Professor John B. Smith, I made
no detailed description of it, but the following notes may be
sufficient for others to recognize it if found :

Shape : — Like a much flattened triangle. The head is
small, and each segment to anal end slightly higher than the
one before it. The anal segment is three to four times the
height of head and segment 2, and it ends in a vertical line,
as if cut off with a knife at right angles to the body.

Color : — Pea-green, with whitish wavy dorsal band and
whitish wavy circumferential bands around each segment.
Length about 25 mm. Head bright green and very small.

About May 27th the larva spun a loose cottony cocoon of
white silk and a day or two later pupated, The cocoon was
loosely woven, roughly oval, about 25 by 20 mm. and consist-
ing of an outer wrapper rather evenly woven, in which were
inserted at about equal intervals a number (about 35) of tiny
pure white knots of silk, the inner covering rather loosely
woven, and the pupa was clearly visible through both. A
fine $ moth i.ssued June 14, 1901, the pupa still remaining in
the cocoon.

Notes of larva .skin : — Head 1.6 mm. wide by 2 mm. long,
rounded, slightly bilobed or cleft by paraclypeal suture, lobes
rounded, clypeus triangular, apex reaching to within one-third
of top. Mandibles dark brown, four indentations making five
teeth or points on each. Antennae short. Setae on head and

302 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Nov., '04

skin pale, very short, not longer than i mm. Neither pro-
thoracic nor anal shield chitinous.

Pupa, from empty shell : — Fifteen mm. long to tip of
cremaster ; 4 mm. wide across thorax by 3 mm. thick. Abdom-
inal segments tapering to a point. General shape slender and
elegant. Head and eye-caps make a triangular anterior pro-
jection. Cremaster .75 mm. long, armed with two large hooks
and four smaller ones.

Color of pupa whitish green, on upper side of thorax and
dorsal side of all abdominal segments, except 12 and 13, is a
black-brown patch, averaging 2 mm. in width, interrupted by
a small clear spot on posterior edge of thorax ; the same spots
are repeated on first and second abdominal segments and on
margin of patch about centre of thorax. On the last abdom-
inal segment is a small dorsal spot of the same black-brown
color. The appearance of this patch is, as if the pupa had been
held for a moment, dorsum down, in cold-tar or pitch, and in
very striking contrast with the nearly white color. Setae on
pupa very minute.

AMERICAN 1.EPID0PTERA. 287

NORTH AMERICAN TORTRIlII>^.

W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.
Gei.us POI.YCHROSIS Bag.

This genus was enacted by Ragouot* for the reception of the
European grape-berry moth botrana Schiff, and this species was
made the type of the genus. Ragonot, however, omitted to give C4i^-(jz^.

the generic characters, and as, so far as I am aware, no one else has
done so, I add them below.

In 1871 Zellerf identified the American grape-berry moth as
botrona, and all subsequent workers in this family have followed his
conclusions; and in addition have lumped under this name a num-
ber of moths whose larvse feed on very dissimilar food plants.

These identifications can perhaps be accounted for by the reason
that all of the species are superficially alike, especially if slightly
rubbed, and that seems to be the condition of the majority of the
museum specimens I have examined.

With sufficiently long series of perfect bred specimens, however,
it is easy to differentiate and even place the rubbed ones where they
belong. During the past four years I have been successful in breed-
ing a goodly number of moths from different food-plants, which will
be referred to later. The most valuable assistance has been given
by Prof. M. V. Slingerland, who has bred large numbers of the
grape berry moth from each of its three broods and most kindly
permitted me the free use of all the species lumped under this name
in the Murtfeldt collection, which is deposited at Ithaca. I am
also indebted to him for opportunity to study a number of European
specimens of botrana, secured through Staudinger and Bang-Hass,
and most important he lias been good enough to make the beautiful
photographs, which are reproduced on Plate XIX.

About twenty specimens were loaned by the National Museum,
bred from several food plants and from widely separated localities.

From a very careful study of all of this material I am convinced
the American grape-berry moth is specifically distinct from the
European, the name botrana for our American form most therefore
fall, and be replaced by viteana Clem. J

» Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. Ixiii, 208, 1894.

t Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxxii, p. 179.

X Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. p. 359, 1860.

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXX. NOVEMBER. 1904.

288 W. D. KEARFOTT.

It is not at all unlikely that the European botrona will be at
some time introduced in this country with imported grape vines, and
obversely viteana may become a native of Europe. But, so far as I
have observed, not a single specimen of the real botrana has been
taken or bred in America, For the sake of comparison it is inclu-
ded in the synopsis and an description added, and for the same rea-
son it will do no harm to have the name awhile longer in our lists.

It is rather peculiar that botrana is not recorded from Great
Britain — this may be partly accounted for by the reason that most
of the grapes grown in England are under glass — but it is hardly a
sufficient explanation and the fact that a species common in the
south of Europe should pass by England entirely and yet be found
abundantly in our Northern States is of a much better argument for
the separation than the lumping of the two forms.

The outline of the wings of all the American species here treated
differ quite markedly from the European, as can be observed on
Plate XX.

In Clemen's original description of viteana, it is stated that the
larva feeds on the fruit of the grape in September and on the fruit
of the wild raspberiy in July; Clemens also cites sassafras as the
food-plant of another specimen, which was not distinguishable, except
from difference in color. The majority of Clemen's tyjjes are in the
Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila-
delphia, in a remarkably good state of preservation, and among
them are two specimens of this species, one is undoubtedly an
American grape berry moth and compares exactly with the long
series bred by Mr. Slingerland. The second specimen is two badly
rubbed for identification. Dr. Packard* says there are two broods
of the insect, both on grape. Dr. Saundersf gives a very good figure
of the American species and states that there are two broods, the
last in the grape-berry and the early brood in young shoots of ver-
nonia and on the tulip-tree. Prof. John B. Smith X names thistle,
grape, rose and sassafras as food plants.

In the U.S. Nat. Mus. collections are specimens bred from graj)e-
leaves, gi'ape berry, liriodendron tulipifera, Vernonia iiovaboras-
censis, seeds of RJms and several specimens without names of food-

* Guide to the Study of Insects, 336, 1869.
t Insects Injurious to Fruits, 298, 1892.
X Insects of New Jersey, 493, 1899.

AMERICAN J.F:PII)0PTKRA. 289

plant. In the Murtfeldt collection are specimens bred from grape-
berry, seeds of Ambrosia trifida and seeds of Rhus.

Prof. Slingerland's investigations into this subject have resulted
in abundant series of the fall or grape-berry brood, the first spring
brood on the flowerets and recently set grapes and the middle brood
in the green grape berries. Prof. Slingerlaud h^s been successful in
discovering and breeding considerable series of both, the mid sum-
mer and fall brood on the American wild-grape, which specimens
compare exactly with viteaiia. In my own collection are specimens
bred from Liriodendron, Vernoiiia, Eupatorium and swamp mag-
nolia.

After critical examination of all this material, over 100 speci-
mens, I feel very positive that each of the food plants support a
good valid species, that the different broods do not affect different
plants, but that the entire circle of each species is confined to a sin-
gle plant. This is particularly well illustrated by Prof. Slingerland's
work, and in a very much smaller way by my own. In Staudinger's
and Bang-Haas Catalogue are twenty species under thife genus; we
have been satisfied to lump all of ours under one name and that a
foreigner.

For want of sufficient material I do not projDose to make as many
species as we have recorded food plants in this paper, but hope at
some later time to be in possession of good series from all the broods
from each plant, which will warrant such separation.

POL.YCHROSIS Ragonot.

Pulychroi<is, Rag. Ann. Sue. Eut. France, Isiii, 208, 1894.

Polychrosis, Rag. Stand, and Rebel Catalog Lep. des Pal. Faun, ii, 109, 1901. {KfiyyV S f\ •'V^Ulf

Polychrosis, Rag. Fern. Bull. No. 52, U. S. N. M. 449, 1902. ■ ^"^

Autennse in % shortly ciliated, palpi short, do not extend beyond face, outer
joint very short, obtuse, tufts on second joint closely compressed, truncate.
Thorax with bifid, posterior crest, loosely scaled.

Forewiug: — Costa evenly arched, apex rounded, outer margin oblique, very
slightly rounded ; lb strongly furcate at base ; Ic reaching to and almost concur-
ring with 2; 2 arising from three-quarters of cell ; 3 and 4 not connate but aris-
ing closer together than 4 and 5 ; 3 bent sharply and 4 slightly downward beyond
origin ; 5, 6 and 7 arising at equal distances; 4, 5, 6 and 7 to margin at nearly
equal distances apart; 7 to margin below apex, 8 and 9 arising close but not con-
nate; 10 and 11 widely separated from each other and 9.

Hindwing: — With frenulum; uncas not developed ; median vein hairy above
near base^ costa slightly arched to middle, slightly sin^te beyond ; apex
rounded ; outer margin slightly rounded ; dorsum same but sinuate between lb

TEANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXX. (35) NOVEMBER. 1904.

' (

290 W. D. KEARFOTT.

and 2; lb furcate at base; Ic indicated by a slight fold or thickening; 2 from
two-thirds; 4 arising closer to 3 than 5, all separate ; 4 and 5 parallel ; 6 and 7
connate.

From a European Z specimen of botrana SchifF. from Staudinger

and Bang Hass, through the courtesy of Prof. M. V. Slingerland.

Synopsis of Species.

1. With large outer marginal patch of front wing indented above anal angle by

a spur of ground color 2.

With this patch evenly rounded on outer edge; not indented below.

botrana.

2. With inner half of front wing uniformly lilaceous or leaden-blue, crossed by

well-defined narrow brown lines 3.

With inner half much mottled with reddish brown or grey 4.

3. With ground color of outer lialf of front wing rich ochreous-brown.

liriodendraiia.
With ground color of outer half of front wing pale yellowish brown.

viteaiia.

4. With dark color of central fascia of front wing extending to dorsal margin.

rlioifViiclana.

With this dark color concentrated about and above middle of wing and not

reaching dorsal margin slingerlandaiia.

Polychrosis botrana Schiffermiiiler.
Tortrix botrana, Schiff, Syst. Verz. Wien, 131, 1776.

Head: — Caps above eyes, the long scales of which meet at upper side of head,
very pale brown, flecked and spotted with darker brown, the same color on outer
and under sides of palpi. Face and outer sides of palpi whitish yellow or cream
color. Eyes large, round and black. Antennte annulated with cream color and
brown.

Thorax: — Front half and shoulders of patagia, dark brown, merging into
cream color, overlaid with brown scales in middle of thorax and ends of patagia.

A tuft of long raised scales on posterior end of thorax dark brown, almost
black and mixed with a few cream-color scales.

Forewing: — Whitish grey, replaced by pale lilaceous grey between fold and
dorsuu), below costa between half and outer fourth and a small subapical patch.
One narrow baud at inner fourth and a broader band at middle, of pale olivace-
ous-brown, interrupted by patches of black scales. A small triangular spot at
apex, a large one before apex, two between the latter and the middle fascia, and
three on costa between apical spot and fascia, of this same color.

Base: — Whitish grey, mixed with pale fuscous and lilaceous scales, with a few
black scales on costa just at junction with thorax, and a few more forming a V-
shaped mark on median line, with point of V touching thorax. Just beyond
base begins a line or narrow band, black on costa to median vein, thence swell-
ing out in a wide semi-circle to dorsum, black scales replaced at median by light
brown, the same color where it touches dorsum. Between basal line and inner
fascia whitish grey, with tips of scales darker or light fuscous, below median two
small patches of lilaceous scales, each with a few black scales outwardly, and a
small black spot on costa. Inner fascia at inner fifth, almost vertical, broad on

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTKRA. 291

costa, contracted on both sides a third below costa, broadeninji out below, and
again contracted at dorsum. Color as stated above, black scales on each side of
fascia on costa, a ring of black in middle and a small spot on dorsum, with two
dots just above it on outer edge of fascia. This fascia is broken by a narrow
whitish line that begins just beyond base, over the vein 12 and disappears at
middle fascia. Space between inner and middle fascia, whitish grey, this color
outlining edges of both fasciae, edging costa and dorsum, and a streak paralled to
and above fold with a narrower streak half-way between latter and costa. Be-
tween these whitish streaks color is lilaceous. Two geminate dots on costa fus-
cous-brown. One geminate and one single black dot on dorsum and three black
dots between costa and dorsum, one just below vein 12 touching inner fascia, the
other two on outer margin, one a quarter below costa and other a quarter above
dorsum. Middle fascia same width on costa as inner fascia, at upper median line
broadening outwardly to twice this width, with a right angle spur at middle, of
about same width, pointing towards apex, ending abrupting, from lower point of
this projection the band sharply contracts to the same width as on costa, at about
a quarter above dorsum, below this is a short rounded outward projection,
another acute contraction, then a slight swelling and the outer line rounds into
the dorsum, where it is narrowest. Color bright olivaceous-brown, the black
scales are concentrated in a solid mass occupying all of the fascia between mid-
dle of cell to costal vein, involving all of the first outward process and the mid-
dle spur. A few black scales at costa on each side of fascia, a short streak of
black on fold, a dot on dorsum and a short line and two dot§ in middle of fascia.
A narrow band of ground color runs from fascia, paralleling costa, bending down
before apex and ending in a triangular spot on outer margin below and defining
apical spot, from this band four rectangular spurs touch costa, defining brown
costal spots, the width of spurs and costal spots are about equal. About the mid-
dle of this band it joins a vertical band of ground color, slightly wider than the
subcostal band, and at a third below costa sev)arating into three branches, the
upper bi'anch curves to middle fascia and coalesces with subcostal band, outlining
a small diamond spot of brown ; the second branch reaches dorsum just beyond
fascia, and is sharply indented on both edges above dorsum, the third branch, on
outer edge, goes directly to inner angle, with outer edge branching at right
angles and ending on outer margin at and above angle. These ground-color
bands and branches are partially heavily overlaid with lilaceous-fuscous and lila-
ceous-blue scales, the former on second branch of lower band and latter on the
whole of the subcostal band, more intensely at its inner and outer ends. The
four spurs that touch, costa are tipped with white on inner and two outer ones,
and in each is a small dark costal dot. Two black dorsal dots in second branch
and three or four single black or brown scales in central portion, which is the
whitest; and a small dark dot on margin. Of the three costal brown spots the
first beyond costa is almost entirely overlaid with black, the middle one less so
and the outer only black on costa, the apical is larger than the costal spots, is
right angled on the basal and dorsal sides, and rounded, following curve of apex
outwardly, it is smoky brown, with a black dot in angle. Below is a large semi-
lunate olive-brown patch, inner margin vertical, slightly indented above, straight
below, and outer margin evenly curved, touching outer margin from a little above
angle to slightly above middle. Evenly shaded smoky brown, several black scales
on outer edge. Cilia light brown or fawn, becoming smoky black at and above
apex, divided by a paler line.

TRANS. AM. KNT. 80C. XXX. NOVEMBKR. 1904.

292 W. D. KEARFOTT.

Hind wing: — Very pale fuscous or whitish, shaded with darker fusnous out-
wardly; cilia whitish, proceded by a dark fuscous line Abdomen fuscous above,
paler beneath, anal tuft ochreous. Legs dark fuscous, annulate with white. Ex-
panse 12 to 13 mm.

From S and 9 European specimens.

Botrana is different from all of the American species in having
the large subterminal patch rounded outwardly and resting against
the lower half of the outer margin, while in viteana and allied spe-
cies this patch is distorted and broken by spurs of ground color; in
all the American species a well defined spur enters the patch just
above the anal angle, in some species separating the patch from the
outer margin. Botrana is a much paler or generally lighter colored
species than viteana. The basal area and inner half ashy grey,
crossed by narrow olive green fascia at first quarter and two short
ones from dorsum before it. The olive-green central fascia is not
unlike an outline map of South America, with Brazil pointing
towards apex, but with stem that would represent the Isthmus going
vertically to costa. The hindwings are very much paler than viteana.

Polyclirosis Titeana Clemens.
Endopiza viteana Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 3.59, 1860.
Carpocapsa vitisella, Eathvon, Prac. Farmer, p. 170, 1868.
Penthina vitivorana Pack., Guide Study Ins., 336, 1869.

Head, thorax, palpi light brown, specked with darker brown, lower and otiter
sides and tipfe of palpi and posterior thoracic tuft dark brown.

Forewing: — Ground color, Jilaceous-blue, middle fascia and large spots brown,
overlaid with much black. Costal spots lighter brown. A dash of white about
middle of outer third.

Base to middle fascia lilaceous-blue, inner fascia almost obsolete, represented
by a narrow band of black scales, each fringed with light brown, from dorsum
but not reaching costa by a quarter, tliree small spots and two small ones between
them of brown-black scales on costa before middle fascia. And in the same space
on dorsum four black dots, the dorsal margin narrowly overlaid with light fus-
cous, brown and black scales, causing a niottled appearance.

The middle fascia is evenly convex on its inner edge, and is of almost even
width throughout, except at about middle of wing, the outer edge curves down-
ward and outward at right angles to the band, and then turns abruptly upward
to costa (in the curve thus formed rests the white oblique patch) from outer end
of this branch the outer line of fascia continues inwardly oblique to costa,
slightly indented, the lower half of fascia triangular. Color smoky-black on
upper half, a small patch of same at one-third above dorsum, otherwise smoky-
brown, lightest at dorsum. Before anal angle is a triangular brown spot. Above
the angle an irregular rounded blotch of brown and black, indented at its lower
outward corner by a spur of the ground color, its outline also broken by a spur
of ground color on its outer upper edge. Apical spot Hatly triangular. Ground

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 293

color of costal margin between fascia and apex, whitish blue, four brown costal
spots in this space, the inner a mere outwardly oblique line curving into outer
lower end of second spot, latter and fourth are triangular-oblique, third spot
rectangular. Below these spots and above the white patch are scattered a few
brown scales. Cilia bluish grey, darker at apex and light fuscous at anal angle
Underside dark fuscous, whitisli below fold, three geminated whitish spots on
costa before apex, and a number of others on extreme edge of costa only, between
these and base, cilia darker with narrow light subciliate line.

Abdomen smoky black, with metallic reflection, anal tuft silvery-white above,
yellowish beneath, tipped with dark fuscous; underside abdomen whitish; legs
same inwardly and between joints, outwardly smoky-black.

Hind wing: — Smoky fuscous, lighter towards base, darkest at apex, cilia paler;
underside fuscous.

Larva: — 9 to 10 mm. Cylindrical, rather robust, tapering from 4 to head and
8 to anal segment. Pale olivaceous-green, with a reddish or purplish tinge from
food. Head flattened, slightly bilobed, luteous green on upper parts of lobes,
discolored by brown in front; mouth parts and a horizontal dash on side of each
lobe below middle black. Pro-thoracic shield large but narrow, luteous brown,
bisected by pale green dorsal line. Thoracic feet black, green between joints.
Tubercles plates moderate, a slight shade darker than skin, shining. Anal plate
not chitinous.

First brood complete, from hibernating pupse of the complete third
and partial second broods; issues in May and deposits eggs in the
flowers of the grape, larvse feed on recently got berries. Second
brood not complete, part issuing middle of July and depositing eggs
on half grown grapes, but some of the pupse of this brood hibernate
and do not issue until the following spring; this habit has been
ob.served on both the cultivated and wild grape specimens. Third
brood complete, issuing latter part of August and ovipositing on
yearly full size grapes, larvae completing growth and in pup?e by the
latter part of September. Pup?e of all broods formed in a neat little
flap or envelope cut out of edge or internal part of a leaf.

The ground color of viteana and the inner half specially well de-
fined, is a leaden blue or lilaceous-blue, crossed by a narrow choco-
late brown line at first quarter. The central fascia is more slender
than botrana, its outer spur is sharply produced and in some speci-
mens turning upwards towards costa and almost joining submargi-
nal patch. Apical spot is larger and the costal spots before it are
smaller than in botrana. Hindwings dark brown.

Polychrosis liriodendrana sp. nov.

Head, palpi and thorax light brown, or fawn color, tips of palpi and outer ends
of scales forming posterior dorsal tuft dark brown. Antennse dark fuscous,
narrowly annulated with light brown.

TRANS. AM. ENT. 80C. XXX. NOVEMBER. 1904.

294 W. D. KEARFOTT.

Forewing :— Greyish blue, dorsal patch, narrow inner fascia, middle fascia and
spots on outer third light brown.

Basal patch barely touches costa, obliquely to dorsum, involving one-fifth of
latter, indented twice before median line, light brown at extreme base and black-
ish fuscous outwardly. The outer edge of inner fascia straight, oblique to fold,
thence inwardly oblique to dorsum. On its inner edge it is less distinctly de-
fined, the ground color overlapping it above the fold, below the fold it nearly
coalesces with dorsal edge of basal patch, beginning at the fold, in the inner
edge, a narrow dash of black scales points towards dorsum. The central fascia
is roughly triangular, the inner edge nearly straight and slightly oblique, the
outer edge points towards angle for half its length and then obtusely turns
obliquely inward to dorsum, color light brown, clouded with dark brown directly
on and a quarter below costa, a small black dot on outer margin at widest part;
outlined on both sides, except the upper quarter, by whitish scales. Triangular
anal angle brown spot lightest towards base, and dark brown running into
smoky black at angle and in cilia. Large marginal patch is diamond shape,
almost evenly colored dark brown, a narrow line of dark blue or black scales
separating the upper part from margin. Above this the costal and apical spots
of brown almost exclude the ground color, being separated from each other by
narrow whitish bauds, through the centre, of which run short narrow lines of
blue-black scales. There are but three large costal spots, the inner the largest,
roughly rectangular, with an outer spur running towards and almost joining the
large marginal patch, the apical spot oblong, slightly pointed at upper and lower
ends, light brown on costa, darker below, with an irregular vertical line of blue
black scales. Lines of these same scales completely surround it, except where it
touches costa, and a short space at apex. The two costal spots between the above
are rectangular and less than half the size of the apical spots. Between these
four spots short lines of blue black almost touch costa. On costa between middle
fascia and first large spot is a small brown dash, with whitish scales on each side,
between inner and middle fascia, on costa is a small brown dash and beyond it a
small elipse of dark bluish scales, between them the scales are a shade paler than
the ground color. Cilia light brown, shaded with smoky fuscous at apex, middle
and anal angle, tips of scales white.

Underside smoky-fuscous, with six geminated whitish costal spots. Hindwing
pale fuscous internally, becoming smoky-brown outwardly, darkest at apex, cilia
paler; underside evenly pale fuscous, with a few dark scales at apex. Abdomen
smoky-brown above, pale fuscous beneath, tuft on 12 yellow, on 13 white. Legs
whitish, annulated with dark brown. Expanse 11.5 to 12..'i mm.

U. S. Nat. Mus., type No. 8150.

Bred from Liriodendron tulipifera L. Second or mid summer
l)r()od, larva July 2nd, pupa July 9th, issued July 21st, Montclair,
N. J. July 10th to 18th, Washington, D. C. In N. M. are several
specimens of third or winter brood, No. 149, also May 7, 1883. I
have collected larvae of this last brood as late as October 15th. The
habit of the two broods observed is to spin a narrow text along one
side of mid rib, close to the base, as larva grows this tent is extended

AMERICAN LEriDOPTERA. 295

outward, increasing in width, until it may finally involve a lobe of
the leaf.

The larva is well sheltered under this protection, and in a few cases
I have found the mid-rib excavated for half an inch or more, the
larva retiring into this tunnel when disturbed. The first spring
brood may be looked for on the flowers as well as the leaves of the
tulip tree. All of the cocoons observed have been made by cutting
out and turning over a flap in side or middle of leaf.

Larva 10 to 11 mm. Cyliiulrical, less roliust than vifeann, slightly tapering,
sordid green. Head yellowish hrown, ocellic field and lateral dash on lohes
black; mouth parts are slightly darker than head; pro-thoracic shield dark
brown, thoracic legs black. Anal shield not chitinons.

This is the largest of the American species I have observed. It
can easily be separated from others by the rich ochreous color of ths
outer half and particularly the apical portion of wing. The sub-
terminal patch is smaller than either of the two preceding species,
and is nearly square or diamond shape with points vertical. The
costal spots are rectangular in shape.

Polyelirosis slingerlaiidana sp. nov.

Head pale brown ; palpi same, darker outwardly, thorax same, spi'inkled with
dark brown dots, on thoracic tuft the dark brown almost hide the lighter color,
except at tips; antennpe pale brown, annulated with dark brown.

Forewing: — Yellowish brownish-fuscous. Basal patch covering inner fourth
of wing, brown, heavily overlaid with dark purplish brown, dark color concen-
trated on costa and dorsum at base and outer margin of patch. Patch is defined
by narrow yellowish fuscous line, running obliquely from costa to median, then
angled sharply downward to dorsum. Beyond this the outer portion of wing is
a mottled mass of yellowish fuscous, brown and dark brown scales, with a few
grey and white. There is no well-defined pattern as in the grape and lirioden-
dron species. Beyond basal patch is an obscurely defined lighter fascia, broken
on costa by a geminate central dark spot and a single spot on each side, the upper
half of fascia partly overlaid with dark grey and lower half with yellowish fus-
cous. On the median line the fascia is interrupted by a horizontal black streak,
which continues to end of cell and terminates in a small round dot, two other
dots the same size are on the upper side of streak, with the spaces between
equally divided. From the outer dot an irregular brown line runs obliquely in-
ward, becoming more black than brown when it reaches dorsum at middle. The
space enclosed by this line and horizontal streak is dark brown above and lighter
below. A dark cloud on dorsum before angle, and between it and brown oblique
line are a few scales of grey. Beyond it, before marginal patch, is a much broken
band of grey scales from angle to median. Marginal patch large, semi-ovate from
costa to angle, touching margin from middle to angle, inner edge nearly straight,
wh^re it touches costa it is light brown. Shading into very dark brown to mid-
dle and below middle lighter, in the lower half are two small round black spots,

TKANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXX. NOVEMBER. 1904.

296 W. D. KEARFOTT.

vertical to eacli other, and above them in middle of edge of patch a third spot.
The lower half of this patch is outwardly bordered by a narrow black line before
the cilia. Beyond dark upper half of patch a faint brown line, interrupted by
three whitish dots, and a fourth whitish dot beneath a black small apical spot,
between the latter and cilia light brown. A generally paler triangular patch
covers costa from just before middle to nearly to apex, bounded inwardly by
darker fascia and horizontal dark median streak and outwardly by the generally
darker submarginal space. This lighter area, inwardly below costa, is over-
laid with a few grey scales, below which is an irregular patch largely mixed
with whitish scales. On costa the ligiit space is broken by two equally-spaced
shades of darker scales, before the inner shade are two small dots of black. Cilia
slaty-grey, outwardly shaded with light fuscous on lower half.

Underside: — Dark smoky-fuscous, veins darker, eight geminated whitish spots
on costa; cilia fuscous, with a narrow subciliate whitish line; all the surface be-
low the fold is whitish. Hindwing smoky-black, not shaded. Cilia paler. All
surface above vein 8 whitish. Expanse 8 to 9 mm.

U. S. Nat. Mas., type No. 8151.

Bred from Eupatorium perfolintuni L. Larva July 6th and 9th,
pupa July 15th to 20, issued August 2nd to 9th, Montclair, N. J. I
have taken the larvse of what I believe is the same species about the
middle of September, but failed to carry them over the winter.
Mid-summer brood tunnelling a passage in the young flower heads,
slightly silk lined. The fall brood on the mature flower heads and
soft seeds, tunnelling as with second brood. The spring brood can
be looked for in young terminal leaves.

Larva 8 to 9 mm. Cylindrical, more robust than viteana, slightly tapering,
olive-green. Head flattened, chestnut-brown; mouth parts darker brown, ocellic
field, lateral dashes, thoracic feet dark brown. Pro-thoracic shield light chest-
nut brown, darker shaded on posterior edge. Tubercular plates moderate, nearly
concolorous, shining. Anal shield not chitinous.

This and the following species are of a different style of ornamen-
tation than the preceding. The ground of slingerlandana consists
of a mottled mass of ochreous and brown, the lilaceous shades are
almost obsolete ; the fasciae and spots are also very illy defined and
are almost lost in the prevailing color. Hindwing very dark,
smoky-black.

Named in honor of Prof. M. V. Slingerland, of Cornell Experi-
ment Station, whose important economic investigation in the habits
of the gra[)e-berry moth, the results of which will shortly ap-
pear in a special bulletin, has been the stimulus for the present
paper.

Polyclirosis rhoifructana sp. nov.

Head and palpi yellowish brown, thorax darker brown. Antennae dark fus-

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 297

cous, with narrow lighter rings between joints. Eyes black, with greenish reflec.
tion.

Forewing: — Basal patch large, occupying inner quarter of wing, mottled mass
of smoky-black and lilaceous scales, tiie black forming an irregular fascia through
centre of patch and also another on outer margin of patch, the scales of latter at
dorsum becoming brown. Four black dots and four whitish dots on costa within
this space, outer line of patch outwardly oblique, irregular and with an acute
tootii projecting outwards at fold. Beyond basal patch is a broad whitish fascia,
cream and yellowish scales on costa and lower half and lilaceous scales on upper
half below costa, one large and two small black dots on costa and several black
scales over the lilaceous area. Outer edge of fascia nearly straight. Beyond is
a broad dark fascia narrow on costa and dorsum, but swelling out at middle in
width equal to a quarter of length of wing; smoky-black scales in upper half,
changing to yellowish brown on lower half. Beyond and outlining this is a very
irregular whitish fascia, broad on costa and to middle of wing, then contracted
and broadening out again to dorsum, where it reaches to anal angle. On costa, in
middle of this fascia, is an oblong streak of smoky-brown scales, and a small
rounded spot of same on dorsum, a few other dark scales are between these two
spots. Suhmarginal patch is large and touches margin only at middle, smoky-
brown, darkest at upper end ; inner edge nearly vertical, outer edge evenly
rounded, except at lower quarter where it sharply broken or indented by a round
whitish spot, having a lilaceous center. Apical spot smoky brown, with cluster
of darker scales in center; separated from submarginal patch by line of whitish
and lilaceous scales. Three brown costal spots between apex and outer light fas-
cia. Cilia smoky-fuscous, mixed with bluish lilaceous, with a narrow dark inner
line. Hind wind dark smoky-fuscous, cilia lighter. Underside of both wings
smoky fuscous, with fascia and costal spots of upper surface of forewing repeated
in lighter and darker shades of fuscous. Abdomen above smoky-fuscous, tuft
yellowish brown, below paler fuscous. Legs fuscous, ringed and spotted with
dark brown. Expanse 10.5 to 11.5 mm.

U. S. Nat. Mus., type No. 8152.

In other specimens bred from Sumac the contrast in the whitish
and dark brown fasciae are not so pronounced, caused by the de-
placement of the whitish scales by lilaceous or brown. In fact I
have very strong doubts of the authenticity of the records of these
particular specimens. (Riley, No. 5492, Dept. Agri.) The proba-
bilities are that grape and sumac larvae have been mixed under this
one breeding number.

I have not bred this species, and of the nine specimens before me
all are from the hibernating brood, dates of issue December 28th,
January 9th, January 28th and March 6, Nos. 3342 and 3343, In-
sectory, Wooster, O., Murtfeldt collection ; January 2nd, January
12th, January 29th, No. 3257, Nat. Mus.; and May 16th and 17th,
No. 5492, Nat. Mus., near Rochester, N. Y. All except last two
were doubtless forced, leaving middle of May as natural date of

TEANS. AM. ENT. 80C. XXX. (38) NOVKMBER. 1904.

298 W. D. KEARFOTT.

emergence. In Prof. C. V. Riley's unpublished notes at Dept.
Agriculture, Washington, No. 5492, is supposed to be the same
insect mentioned by Packard, p. 665, Fifth Report U. S. Ent. Com.,
as a "Sumac Leaf Roller," this is an error, as the larvae mentioned
by Packard produces Episimus argidanus Clem.

The following additional specimens have been bred, the records
will no doubt be of service to future workers.

On Vernonia novehoracensis L. (iron weed.) In flower heads,
tunnelling and lining galleries with thin silk, larva July 27th,
issued August 9th, Caldwell, N. J. No. 3557, Nat. Mus., issued
May 22d. Another Nat. Mus. specimen bears a small label "From
Vernonia June 15, 80," and a large label "A small Gelichid. This
"is a 9 of a species of Gelichia allied to Evapora apicidripunctella
"Clem, (signed) Walsingham 1886" — of course, a wrong determi-
nation. One specimen, Murtfeldt coll. "No. 3557 Iss. May 12,"
and another Murtfeldt specimen with this label "Larva i inch long,
" livid dark brown, head fuscous, piliferous spots glassy, hairs rather
" long. Very active, feeds in young shoots of V. nove. In chang-
" ing to pupa forms a small cylindrical case from a bit of leaf, iss.
" July 3, 79."

I have taken larvae in flower heads and seeds of Vernonia be-
tweed middle and last of September, which I think are this species,
but failed to carry them through the winter. The moth is very
close to sling erlandana, but a series of perfect bred specimens are
necessary to define the difl^erences.

On Ambrosia trifida L. (horse cane, great rag w'eed). One speci-
men, Murtfeldt collection, "From larva feeding in seeds of J., trifida,
Apl. 25, 1884." .This is allied to rhoifructana, but seems distinct.

On Magnolia virginia.na L. (swamp or laurel magnolia). One
specimen, Dist. Col. Larva August 1st, pupa August 7th, issued
August 15th. Larva in mid-rib tent on underside of leaf, pupa
in flap cut out of edge or interior of leaf. August 1st, near Moores-
town, N. J., in a swampy piece of woods. Nearly every nuignolia
leaf showed the work of this larva, including the tent and cocoons,
each of latter with empty pupal shell projecting from it. Unfortu-
nately no live specimens were to be found.

Also reported as bred from Sassafras, wild-raspberry and thistle.
I have not seen any of these specimens, and have no doubt that a
number of others will be found in other food plants, as soon as a

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTKRA.

291)

determined effort is made to secure them by breeding. It is rather
notable that almost no flown specimens are to be found in any of
the large collections. I have two taken at Anglesea, N. J., May
25th at light. The moths are qu.ite small and obscure looking, and
it is probable they are not easily disturbed in the daytime, hence
their apparent rarity, but they can be bred with very little effort,
and I believe will eventually be found to be very common and
widely distributed.

At the present time (October 15) J have in pupae most of the
above species as well as others that I believe to belong to this genus
from a number of food plants.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

PLATE XIX.

Fig. 1-2. — Polychrosis botrana Schiff.

3. ■' rhoifructana Kearf.

4. " slingerlandana Kearf.

5. ■' viteana Clem.

6. " liriodendrana Kearf.

PLATE XX.

Fig. 7-8. —Venation, Polychrosis botrana Schiff.
9. " '' viteana Cleru.

•' 10. " " liriodendrana Kearf.

" 11. " " slingerlandana Kearf.

" 12. " " rhoifructana Kearf.

TRANS. AM. ENT. 80C. XXX. NOVEMBER. 1904.

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. XXX

PI. XIX.

1— P. BOTRANA SCHIFF.
(EUROPE)

4— P. SLINGERLANDANA kearf.

2- P. BOTRANA SCHIFF.
(Europe)

5— P. VlTEANA CLEM.

3— p. RHOIFRUCTANA kearf.

6— P. LIRIODENDRANA kearf.

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, Vol. XXX.

PI. XX.

FIG 7. — POLYCHROSIS BOTRANA schiff.
FIG. 8.— " " "

FIG. 9.— " VITEANA clemens.

FIG. 10. — POLYCHROSIS LIRIODENDRANA kearf.
FIG. 11.— " SLINGERLANDANA kearf.

FIG. 12.— " RHIOFRUCTANA kearf.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NEW TORTRICIDS.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCl.AIR, N. J.

The only apology for publishing the following descriptions at this
time, is that the names have been made use of in identifying specimens
for Messrs. Saunders, Winn and Young, and that "MSS" species are the
bete noire of entomology — effectually locking up a species indefinitely, and
prohibiting any one from referring to it in any way, no matter how
common it may be or how interesting a life-history someone else may
have worked out.

Tortrix semipurpurana, var. nov. — Head, palpi, thorax, antennre
and front wings pale lemon-yellow. A large purplish-brown spot rests on
the dorsal margin and covers all of the wing, except a narrow line along
costa, a small basal patch and a submarginal and apical band of yellow,
these are all confluent, forming a wide inverted U, transversely through
the dark blotch are two shining steel-gray fascia?, which are continued
through the yellow costal margin, as %\\\x\\r\g yellow scales. In the yellow
space before the apex is also a short fascia of shining yellow scales,
touching the costa. Cilia pale yellow.

Hind wing : Light purplish-fuscous, pale yellow at apex. Under
side : front wing, yellowish-white, with upper dark blotch repeated by a
shade of pale purple. Under side : hind wing, same as upper side.

Abdomen and legs very pale yellow, with a fuscous spot on upper
side of segments lo and ii.

Five ^ , twelve ^ . Bred, Montclair, N. J., oak, VI., 9 ; Cincinnati,
Ohio, VI., 4 to 15, Miss Annette F. Braun ; New Brighton, Pa., VI., 16
to 24, Frank A. Merrick ; Chicago, 111., June, Jos. H. Reading ; Quincy,
III., June, O. C. Poling ; Toronto, Ont., June, H. S. Saunders.

The male specimens are of a paler purple than the female; in some
examples of both sexes the purple area nearly or quite touches the costa
at inner and outer third, thus enclosing a small middle costal yellow spot.

This dark form has been included in my collection with albicomana,
Clem., and while I have not had sufificient experience in breeding to justify
entire separation, the constant difference certainly warrants a varietal
name.

Co-types, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 8211, and my collection.

Eulia pinatubana, sp. nov. — Head, palpi, thorax above and upper
side of fore wings, yellowish-red. Thoracic tuft, basal patch, oblique and

January, 1905.

10 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGISl.

apical bands dark rust- red. The space between the basal patch and
central oblique band is narrow, scarcely lighter than the basal patch, and
indicated by a lighter edging on each side of the space wliich begins at the
basal third of the costa and extends obliquely across the wing to the
middle of the hinder margin. The space beyond the central band is
similar to the last, beginning near the outer third of the costa and extend-
ing obliquely across the wing to the anal angle. The outer margin in
some specimens is of the same colour as the interspaces, and the costa is -
more or less flecked with light yellow. Fringe yellowish, with grayish
scales at the anal angle. Hind wing and abdomen above, silky gray or
slate colour; under side and fringes lighter. Under side of fore wing light
fuscous, lighter yellowish diffused spots along the costa and outer border.
Under side of abdomen and thorax light straw yellow, as are also the
legs. Fore and middle legs annulated with brown. Expanse 13. to 14.

mm.

The above description is copied from p. 793, Fifth Report of the U. S.
Entomological Commission, 1890, and applies to the Tortricid, the larvae
of which live on white pine, binding eight to twelve "needles" together
and living in the -tube thus formed. Specimens of the moth had been
indentified by Zeller as the European politana. Haw., and our species has
rested under this name ever since. I have lately secured a good series of
politana from Europe, and after a critical comparison have no hesitation
in separating, especially as the European species does not live in pine, but
very dissimilar plants. ' A very complete life-history of our American
species in given is the report referred to above ; I have also bred it from
larvae with identical habits in Essex County, N. J., other specimens, of
which I have about forty, Winchenden, Mass., V. 26 to VI. 3, Frank A,
Merrick; Watchung Mts., N. J., IV. 29 to V. 8; and Toronto, Out.,
V. 21, Henry S. Saunders.

Co-types, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 8212, and my collection.

Phalonia IVmniana, sp. nov. — Palpi, basal and second joint
ochreous brown, long scales of latter white on outer half, and almost
hiding third joint, which is very short and pale brown ; palpi curved
upwards, tip nearly at level of top of head. Head and collar creamy-
white. Eyes large, round, black. Antennte one-third length front wing,
shortly ciliated beneath ; fuscous, slightly paler between joints,

THE CA.NADIAN KNTOMOLOGlST. 11

Thorax fuscom. Front wing : A broad transverse ochreoiis-white
band in outer third, followed by a narrower fuscous subai)ical band, inner
two-thirds fuscous and gray-brown. Basal patch not defined, the
brownisli-fuscous colour covering inner two-thiid-;, interrupted <j!1 d ir-ai
margin by a geminate ere unywiiiie spot, and the cusui niLrked by paler
and darker spots. The outer edge of dark area is nearly vertical, it i-i
sharply indented at middle. The white outer band is narrowest on costa,
broadening out a quarter below, and involving anal angle and usual
position of ocellic spot, which is obsolete. It is white on costa, becoming
ochreous towards outer and dorsal margins. Two small fuscous dots
mark costa within this white area and two black dots on median line at
end of cell. From costa, beyond white fascia, is an olivaceous band,
darkest on edges, curving evenly before apex and terminating in a point
just above anal angle on outer margin. This is bounded outwardly by a
narrow whitish line, beyond a darker — blackish — line, broadest on costa.
The apex and apical cilia fuscous, cilia below apex gradually becoming
creamy-ochreous. Hind wings whitish in ^ , dark fuscous in 9 , cilia and
under side the same, but a shade darker. Under side front wing; smoky
fuscous, mottled with darker and with five creamy-white costal spots on
outer half. Abdomen: grayish fuscous, anal tufc ochreou=;, legs creamy
white.

One S 1 expanse 10.5 miTi., Essex Co. Park, N. J., V., 20. Two 9 ,
expanse 12.5. mm., Montclair, N. J., VII., 18 (Light-trap), and Orford,
Quebec, VI., 8 (Albert F.. Winn). Co-type, U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 8213,
and my collection.

I have had two of these specimens in my collection for several years,
labelled djibitana, Hbn., but the recent accession of several European
specimens of the latter showed conclusive differences; dubitana is creamy-
white over the entire surface of fore wing, except a fuscous-brown middle
oblique dorsal patch, a smaller costal spot above it, a narrow apical and
outer margin line and a small basal patch. I have yet to see an American
insect that compares with dubitana, and have no doubt that this name,
with the majority of other European names in our list, will be dropped
when the whole family is better known.

I take pleasure in dedicating this species to Mr. Ali)erl F. Winn, of
Westmount, Quebec.

12 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

N©TES ON HYDROMETRA MARTINI, KIRK. (=;tINEATA,

.; ,. SAY).

, . BY J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, NEW YORI<U

Genus Hydrometra, Latreille et auctt. ( = Limna6ates, Burmeisttr
et auctt.) H. Martini, Kirkaldy, igco ( = line|m, Say, 1832.)

The peculiar facility of the older entomologists, the fathers of the
Science, for discarding each other's generic and sj^cific names has in this
instance, as in many others, given rise to a cornplicated synonymy, of
wliftii I give above that covering this extremely interesting little water-
strtder. It is given more in detail in The E,B'tomologist (London, Eng.)
for June, 1900, on page 176, in which Kirl^aldy elucidates it, relegating
Saj^'s specific name to synonymy, as it unfojftunately has been preoccupied
by-Eschscholtz, who in 1822 described liydrometra iineata from Manila,
Philippine Islands. In the paper meiifioned hereafter, Mr. J. O. Martin
discusses the generic synonymy. ^

In March, 1900, pp. 7o-76cf The Canadian Entomologist
published "A Study of Hydrometrallineata," by the last named author, a
most interesting paper on the habifs and peculiarities of this Hemipteron.
The notes I now present are lar|;ely supplementary and confirmatory of
his work, although I may say that my labours were not directed to that
end. In May of 1903, Mr. \% T. Davis took me to Staten Island, where,
in a marshy pond, we {onnd f Hydrometra Martini by the hundred. We
took them until we got tire^d. Again in May of this year, we took very
many more at the same piace. Subsequently, I have found them here and
there, in ones and i\\os,hx in greater numbers, without any effort, which
bears out Mr. Martin's .■Experience, although I have nowhere found them
as abundant as at Staten Island. This little bug prefers to hug the shore,
hiding among the grass-stems growing^^ut of the water. One's shadow
falling on it seems to disturb them, and tliey emerge from their hiding
])laces, and these seemingly tiny twigs caii" be seen moving briskly away,
borne on their hair-like legs, with which they run on the surface, or else
they remain motionless, letting some friendly little breeze waft them
away. It is to be noticed that Hydrometra walks on the surface of the
water and does not propel itself by a rowing motion, as do the Gerridae
and other Water-striders. Its tarsi also are provided with claws terminal
and not set'above the tip of the last tarsal joint as in the latter family.
The winged form of Hydrometra Martini must be very rare in the north,
as out of about two or three hundred individuals I have seen, I have
found only twg fully winged males.

January, lyo.v

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

15

answering to his description. The genital characters are such, liowever,
that I think it may be considered a new species, for wliich I prp*]5ose the
name Hydrometra ausiralis. The figures attached (Figs. 3 afid 4) show
the differences in the genitalia, drawn from my specimen (a male), for
ausiralis, and redrawn from Mai tin's figures for Martini.

In addition to the characters drawn from the genitalia, it differs from
the typical Martini in the antennal and head characters pointed out by
Say, which appear to me sufficiently definite for separation. Lack of
material has prevented me from making tl>e detailed study necessary to
indicate them minutely, but careful examination of my single specimen
leaves no doubt as to their presence./'

Fig.X — Hydrometra Ausiralis.
Male aenitalia from side and above.
( Original.)

Fig. 4. — Hydrometra iSIartini, Kirk.

Male genitalia from side and above.

( After Martin.)

A NEW GELECHID FROM ONTARIO.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

Aristotelia Youngella, sp. nov. — Head, antenna, palpi, thorax,
abdomen and legs shining iridescent green. Basal half of front wing and
outer half along costa black or very dark brown, heavily overlaid with
iridescent green. The dark basal half is outwardly margined by the
black ground colour, owing to absence of the iridescent scales at th.is
point. All the outer half of wing, except the dark costal streak, is dull
ochreous, inwardly margined by a pale yellow line, the latter adjoining
the dark line of ground colour outlining the basal half. The ochreous
and yellow touch the costa at the middle only, and the ochreous
shade encloses the dark costal patch, the latter divides the apex and is
one half the width of the wing except at its inner end where it is rounded

16 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

off into the costa. A tiny dark-brown or black dot on ochreous just at
end of cell, and below, but not touching the dark patch above it. Tlie
division line in middle of wing, dividing dark basal half from ochreous
outer half, is slightly oblique. Cilia fuscous. Hind wing and cilia fuscous,
latter once and a half to twice the width of hind wing. Under side front
wing fuscous, thinly overlaid with iridescent green, hind wing same, but
green only along costal half. Expanse, ^ lo. to 10.5 mm., $ 12. to
12.5 mm.

Nine specimens, ^ and $, Hurdman's Bridge, near Ottawa, Ont.,
VII., 7 and 9. Co-types, U. S. Nat. Mas., No. 8214, collection of Mr.
Young, and my collection. Collected by Mr. C. H. Young, whose name
I am particularly pleased to associate with this very beautiful and dainty
species, as strictly representative of his own exquisite work in the Micro-
Lepidoptera.

A NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN PROTEOTERAS.

BY PROF. C. H. FERNALD. AMHERST, MASS.

Proteoteras Moffatiana, n. sp. — Expanse of wings, 14-20 mm.
Head, thorax and fore wings emerald green, varying considerably in the
different specimens, some being much brighter than others. The fore
wings are marked with black, and many parts have silvery reflections in
certain lights. On the basal fourth of the costa there is a small quadrate
black spot, below which the basal part of the wing is more or less marked
with streaks or irrorations of black. On the middle of the costa is a black
quadrate spot connected below with a black stripe extending from the cell
outwardly, but not reaching a subaincal black spot, which sends a
prolongation down along the outer border. There is a series of geminate
light spots on the costa, two at the base, two between the quadrate costal
spots, and five on the outer half of the costa. The extreme apex is
black.

Hind wings and abdomen above fuscous ; under side of all the wings
fuscous. The costal edge of the hind wings of the males beneath marked
with black.

Described from four males and three females. Habitat, London,
Ont. (Moffat); Lancaster, N. Y., Oct. 22, 1880; Milford, N. H.,'June
28, 1870 (Whitney).

I take pleasure in naming this interesting and variable species after
the late J. Alston Moffat, who for many years was the able and industrious
curator of the Entomological Society of London, Ontario.

January, 190,5.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF TORTRICID

MOTHS, FROM NORTH CAROLINA,

WITH NOTES.

WILLIAM DUNHAM KEARFOTT,

Of Moittcku'r, New Jersey.

From the Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Vol. XXVIII, pages 349-304.

[No. 1398.]

WASHINGTON:

GOVERNMENT rUINTlNQ OFFICE.

i905-

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF TORTRICID MOTHS,
FROM NORTH CAROLINA, WITH NOTES.

By William Dunham Kearfott,

Mimfclai); New Jersey/.

I am indebted to my friend, Dr. Harrison G. Dj^ar, for the oppor-
tunity of working up a most interesting- and remarkable collection
of Tortricids, made by Mr. W. F. Fiske during the summer of 1904
in Tryon, North Carolina. In a total of only 80 specimens there
are nearly 50 species, of which about a dozen are, to the best of my
belief, new to science. The specimens were taken at light, flying into
the open windows during the evenings.

This list covers the entire collection made by Mr. Fiske, excepting
a single specimen each of two species. I think both are new, but as I
am unable to lind duplicates in my unnamed material I hold them back
for next year's catch, as it is undesirable to make species from single
examples, if it can possibly be avoided.

EVETRIA GEMISTRIGULANA, new species.

Head, palpi, and thorax light gray, speckled with fuscous and black;
the darker shades predominating on outer sides of palpi and patagia.
Antennae light gray, annulated with black, very shortly ciliated in
male. Palpi short, scarcely extending beyond face, porrect; outer
joint short, black, exposed; tuft on^second joint flattened, neither
compressed or loosely scaled, longer on upper than lower side. Fore-
wing pale, rather lustrous gray, crossed transversely by man}' inter-
rupted lines and narrow bands of black. The gray appears to be laid
on a black ground rather than the reverse, and the gray lines are
usually in pairs. In basal area, which is not ver\' distinctly defined,
occupying the inner quarter, three geminate white lines are more or
less fused, together; beyond, to the outer margin, they are more dis-
tincth' in pairs, of which, between iimer fourth and apex, are about
six on costa, extending a third or half the width of wing; Itelow these
other abbreviated pairs continue to the dorsal margin, but, excepting
one line just before the outer marginal lines, none eontiiuie unbroken
from costa to dorsum. There is a tondonc}^ in several specimens for

Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXVIII— No. 1398r^

' "' ^ —::■ 349

Proc. N. :\I. vol. xxviii— 04 23

350 PROVEEDiya^ of the XATJOXAL MU.SEUM. voL.xxvni.

the black to overrun the gray in three rather distinct spots, two on
eosta, one beyond middle, and one before apex, and on dorsum half
way between the two costal spots. A rather larg-o triangular black
spot on the extreme apex, and between it and the base the costa is
rather evenl}- marked M' alternate gray and black, about twelve to fif-
teen of each. This number is reduced on the specimens with large
black costal blotches. Of the four specimens before me no two are
exactly alike in the proportions of light and dark colors, nor is the
lineation sufficiently duplicated to describe one in detail as the type.
Cilia gray. Hind wing, upper and lower sides dark gra\", cilia paler.
Under side front wing dark fuscous, with whitish costal and dorsal
marks repeated from above. Abdomen and anal tuft gray. Expanse
19 to 21 mm. Four male specimens May IT to 25; collected by Mr.
Fiske, Tryon, North Carolina.

CotypeH. — Cat. No. 8238, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in nn^ collection.

I place this species temporarily in Eretrla, as it seems nearer to it
than an}^ other familiar to me. Veins IV and V of front wings are
not connate; they arise sepai'ately, but very close together. Veins
III and IV of hind wings are stalked for half their length. No costal
fold in the male. The frenulum fold on under side of forewings
extends to outer three-fifths.

POLYCHROSIS LIRIODENDRANA Kearfott.

One female, August 8. Exactlv like type and easily recognized by
the reddish-ocherous appearance of the forewings.

OLETHREUTES HEBESANA Walker.

Three specimens. Ma}' 9 and August 13.

PSEUDOGALLERIA INIMICELLA Ragonot.

One male, July 7.

EUCOSMA QUINQUEMACULANA Robinson,

One male, no date of capture.

EUCOSMA ROBINSONIANA Grote.

One female, Juno 4.

EUCOSMA ROBINSONIANA Grote var TRYONANA, new variety.

Head and thorax pure white; a collar of oli\'e brown divides head
from thorax, crosses shoulders of patagia and runs into the ground
color of forewings on the costa. Palpi white, inwardly and above,
fuscous outwardly. Antennte pubescent, light gra}', narrowlj^ darker
between joints, enlarged basal joint pure white. Forewing pale olive
brown, with two white spots on outer half of costa, each inclosing a

NE W TOR TRICID MO THS—KEARFO TT. 351

.small dot of o-round color; two vertical white fascia arisino- from inner
half of dorsal margin, but reaching* only to upper vein of cell; a
large white spot in anal angle with a small round white spot before
and beyond it, these two ))eing sometimes joined to the large spot; a
a small white spot on outer margin below apex and a tiny white patch
at extreme base, a continuation of the white scales of thorax. These
white spots are all narrowl}" bordered by darker-blackish lines. Cilia
dull fuscous. Hindwing fuscous, cilia paler. Underside: fore wing-
dull smoky fuscous, with white spots on costa faintly repeated from
above, cilia same; hindwing slightly paler than fore wing. Abdo-
men fuscous, anal tuft cinereous. Logs white, annuiated with olive-
brown. Plxpanse 16.5 to 17.5 mm. Three male specimens. Try on,
North Carolina, collected by Mr. Fiske, Ma}^ 17 to June 1.

Cotype.'<.—OAt. No. 8239, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

It differs from rohlnsonlana in larger size, paler ground color, and
especially in the white spot at anal angle, which is, in this variet.}-, a
cluster of three or four smaller spots, more or less joined, while in
rdblnsoniana this spot is simple and covers less than one-third of the
area. In Bulletin 52, U. S. National Museum, I'ohinsoniana is made a
s^'nonym of qidnqueiaaculana Robinson. But a study of the types at
the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and the possession of
a long series of both forms convinces me of their distinctness.
QainqnemacvJana difl'ers from either of the above by: Head, thorax,
and palpi ])rown, not white; position of two inner bands not the same;
the inner is a basal patch and the second one is double the width and
reaches to the costa. The outer costal spots do not inclose a dot of
ground color and are of different shape and size, which is also the case
with the spot on anal angle, and most notably all the spots of (pdnqiie-
iiKiriihina are silver}" white, while those of rol>iiixoniana and tryonana
are dull white. I have male and female of both Robinson's and
Grote's species, and they show no sexual difference.

EUCOSMA ADAMANTANA Guenee.

Three specimens, September 1. Both Mr. E. Daccke and I have
taken this species early in September, near Hammonton, South New
Jersey, and I believe these and Mr. Fiske's captures are the first that
have been made since Guenee's time; as his description" is not readily
accessible, it will be of interest to add that the species can be at once
recognized by the almost perfect rusty-red cross on each fore wing,
on a bright silver background. The longer limb of the cross arises on
dorsal margin, close to base, and continues into apex, the cross-bar
begins at center of costa and goes to anal angle. Thc^re is no other
species of Encoftma, known to me, at all near this style of ornamen-
tation. Mr. Daecke has most thoroughl}" worked this South New

aAnn. Ent. Soc, Fr. (2), III, 1845, p. 303. (Type, from New Jersey.)

352 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MVSEVM. voi.. xxviii.

Jersey reg-ion, from earliest .spring to late in the autumn, and, except
in September, has never seen the species, it is therefore reasonable to
assume that it is one-brooded, and I venture the assertion that the
larvse of this, as well as the majority of other silver-marked Eueosmxis^
are borers or internal feeders.

EUCOSMA CIRCULANA Hubner.

One male, August 1. Exactly like Hu))ner's figure. Type was
from Pennsylvania.

EUCOSMA PERGANDEANA FernaTdT*' fV*^^''*''^

One male, May 31.

EUCOSMA GRACILIANA, new species.

Head, palpi, thorax, and fore wings pale fawn brown. Outer ends of
scales of palpi stained with fuscous.

Forewing. — Inner two-thirds of costa alternate short oblique lines'
of white and fuscous ])rown, in outer third same formation is continued,
but ground color replaces the fuscous l)rown, and silvery metallic over-
lay the white. A vertical white line occupies the extreme apex, and
on costa before and close to it are two other lines; the length of these
three lines is nearl}- one-third the width of wing; the central one is
most heavilj^ metallic, while that on apex is simpl}^ dull white. Before
this group of three vertical lines, and counting toward ])ase, with apical
spot number one, the fourth, sixth, and eighth are prolonged obliquely,
then horizontally outward, the outer ends of the two former coming
together, the extensions heavily overlaid with metallic. The ocellic
spot is large, its inner side formed of a vertical metallic ])ar over one-
third the width of wing; a similar bar defines the outward edge, but it
is broken near lower end and slightly turns inward toward anal angle.
Between these two ])ars are two narrow horizontal black lines, con-
necting them together at the top; ;i third line is indicated belo\\^ by a
few ])lack scales. Al)ove the ocellic spot on outer margin is a small
metallic spot. All of the interior of the wing, below the costa and
})efore the ocellic spot, is rather evenly dotted with metallic, arranged
in rather straight horizontal lines, of Avhich three lines are al)ove and
three below the fold. The dots in the subcostal line have a tendency
to run together in groups of two or three; all others are separate. A
scale or two of fuscous usually accompanies the metallic scales wher-
ever they occur.

Male costal fold closely compressed, al)out one-fourth length of wing,
a shade or two more tawn}' than general ground color. Cilia pale cine-
reous, heavily powdered V)asjdly with tiin' black dots. Hind wing
fuscous, cilia white, underside same, but a shade paler. Underside
fore wing smoky fuscous, costa marked with dark blackish dots, cilia

NO. 1398. NEW TORTRICID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 353

pale cinereous. Abdomen fuscous, anal tuft cinereous. Legs pale
cinereous, shaded with brown, tarsi annulated with brown. Expanse
16.5 to 15> mm.

Four males, Tryon, North Carolina. Two, May 20-22; two, July
3-24.

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 8240, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.
I have hesitated some time before describing this species, as there
are several already described similar to it, and it seemed as though a
place could be found for it. The nearest to it and their differences
are as follows:

^ E. irroratana Walsingham is fawn colored, and is dotted with shin-
ing- scales, but the interior scales are arranged in wavj^ lines, the
ocollic spot contains a numl)er of black dots — not bars, no reference
in the description to the very distinct costal markings; 50 per cent
or more larger; habitat California.

^^ E. atomomna Walsingham is milk white, reticulated with fawn and
irrorated with fuscous (not shining), onl}^ 10 to 20 per cent larger, but
hailing from California, y. j^au,,^

^^ E. cataclystiana Walsingham., This is a common Eastern species of
about the same shade of brown, but the interior lustrous dots are
entirel}' absent.

/ E. raoncx/ramruaria Zeller is much paler, less dots, different ocellic
and costal arrangement, and more nearlj^ resembles atomosana.
^E. alhiguttana Zeller is verj' close, the marking is almost identical,
but is only about half the size, the interior dots are arranged in four
or ffve vertical rows and are far less numerous proportionately; the
hind wings are paler, and the metallic lines around the ocellic spot
somewhat different. ' Additional study ma}- prove gmelllana nothing
more than a gigantic race of alhnjuttana, hence it should be placed
next to it in the list.

^^ EUCOSMA PALLIDIPALPANA, new species.

Head with long loose scales in front and on top, pale ochreish at
base, pure white at tips; second joint of palpi clothed with long loose
white scales, concealing third segment, shaded basally and outwardly
with pale ochreish. Thorax dull ochreish. Fore wing pale fawn or
dull ochreish. The ground color only in patches along dorsal margin,
streaks along outer half of costa and before outer margin. The
costa from base to apex is white, evenly marked with about sixteen
short oblique grayish-brown dashes, arranged in eight geminated
spots; a little bej'ond base a white transverse line is overlaid on its
middle by brownish-fuscous. From about the inner third of costa
another such line goes obliquelv to the anal angle; at a])Out the middle
of the wing a right-angled spur from this to dorsal margin; half-way
between this ffrst spur and anal angle a second points toward costa, but

354 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

%i

only reaches half-way throug-h cell, where it runs into a large patch of
})rownish .scales on the upper half of outer quarter. A narrow line
of brown scales runs through upper half of cell from oblique line
to outward patch. From the third from costa geminated spot a
lustrous white line runs below the costa and before apex turns down
to ocellic patch; from second spot before apex a shorter line of the
same scales runs into the first line. Ocellic patch large, lustrous
white inwardly, with two or three black dots on each side, a smaller
white spot just below middle of outer margin and a smaller white dot
below this, the latter only separated from the large white patch by
a black line; above the latter and between the large patch and
outer margin is a small round spot of ground color, nearly surrounded
by narrow black lines; above it are three horizontal black dashes.
There is a broken line of black scales dividing the upper white spot,
thence running into anal angle through outer margin. The dorsal
margin is narrowly, for its entire length, marked with white and
fuscous scales, increasing to a triangular patch in the middle (where
first spur runs into dorsum). The apical spot is flat triangular inclosed
in white. Cilia and outer margin light gray, closely speckled with
light brown. Hind wings fuscous, cilia paler, same beneath. Under-
side forewing fuscous, with white costal dots repeated. Abdomen
fuscous, legs whitish, tarsi annulated with light brown. Expanse
11.5 to 13.5 mm.

Nine specimens: Trj'On, North Carolina (Fiske); Washington,
District of Columbia, June and July (Busck); Fortress Monroe, Vir-
ginia, July 19 (Kearfott).

Cotypes.— Cat. No. 821:1, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

1 should place this species in the eataclystiana group, and close to
~ Inibrldana Fcrnald, which it somewhat resembles, but is much smaller.

.4^ > -^ — — — ■ -^

EUCOSMA GIGANTEANA Riley.

Four specimens, August 5 to 27. ^ "^

EUCOSMA JUNCTICILIANA WaliC/>v««J ^-'^SUv^^n.^

One male, August 13. Agrees with the Eastern form of this species,
in which the oblique median line has a small outward hump about its
middle, while all of the Northwestern and Calif ornian specimens I have
seen has this line perfectl}^ even on its outer edge.

EUCOSMA ABRUPTANA Walsingham.

Three specimens: June 2, July 5, and August 18. These dates show
a rather long period of emergence. The insect is pi-obably single
brooded and the larvai borers or internal feeders like allied species.

NO. 1398. XEW TORTRICID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 355

EUCOSMA SCUDDERIANA Clemens.

One male, April 24 at light. Larvae make round walls on .stems of
golden -rod.

EUCOSMA OTIOSANA Clemens.

One male, June 30. In the winter time, in all parts of northern New
Jersey, the larvtv of this species can be found in the dried, previous
summer's stalks of BidrnsfroiHlosa Ijinnanis or beggar ticks, pupating
within the stalk in Ma}' and issuing during June.

EUCOSMA DORSISIGNATANA Clemens var. CONFLUANA, new variety.

Dorsingnatana is deep chocolate brown, overlaid with grayish scales,
except on two bold distinct separate spots — one on dorsum before
middle and one on costa be3'ond middle. In variety coni^inoia the
two spots are joined together; the dorsal end is narrower, the whole
representing rather an inflated comma. The ground color is also more
of a reddish brown, and the hind wings are much paler. I have about
fort}'' specimens of the two forms in my collection, and the difference
is constant; the spots are either entirely separate or joined. Clemens
had this form before him when describing (lorshhpmtana^ and described
it under the name of shnilana^ adding that it might be the female of
the preceding. • Similana is preoccupied in this genus, hence Clemens's
name can not represent the variety; it is quite possible, however, after
mare is known about the Tortricids, that Hiibner's species and Clem-
en.s's species may fall into different genera, when conjfiun^a will be
superseded by similana Clemens. Expanse 18 to 21 nun. Twelve
specimens, male and female. Essex County, New Jersey, August 24
to September .5 (Kearfott); Winchenden, Massachusetts, August 24 to
September 1 (Merrick); New Brighton, Pennsylvania, August 28 to
September 1 (Merrick).

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 8248, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

EUCOSMA DORSISIGNATANA var. DIFFUSANA, new variety.

In separating the above another variety seems to be constant; it is
of the dark chocolate form, but so heavily overlaid with gray scales
that only the lower half of the dorsal spot is distinctly defined, all the
balance of the forewing l)eing an almost fuscous brown. Expan.se 15
to 22 mm. Eleven specimens: Tryon, North Carolina, August 8
(Fiske); New Brighton, Pennsylvania, August 80 (Merrick); Vernon
Parish, Louisiana, August (G. Coverdale); Newark, New Jersey, Sep-
tember 19 (Weidt); Charleroi, Pennsylvania, September 1 (Merrick);
Essex County. New Jersey, September 16 (Kearfott).

Cotypca. — Cat. No. 8249, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

356 I'ROCEEDINaS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

EUCOSMA MINUTANA, new species.

Face and palpi cinereous, tuft on second joint outwardly rounded,
third joint concealed; top of head, thorax, and forewing dark gray,
minutel}' and closeh^ dotted with cinereous. An oblique paler shade,
from inner third of dorsal maroin, defines the basal area; the line of
demarcation is sinuate, with tliree outward and two inward indenta-
tions to middle of wing, where it disappears. Ocellic spot small,
rounded, cream white, with a black horizontal dash about its middle
which cuts through its outer side; another black dash on the upper
edge, immediateh' above the lower. These two black dashes are so
arranged that, under a glass, the white ocellic spot has the appear-
ance of a compressed interrogation mark, or comma laid on its side,
with the straight end pointing to the outer margin. Several other
black dots partly surround the white spot — one, a dash, before it, and
above the dash a smaller dot; another vertical dash defines the outer
end of the conmia. The costa — from inner third to apex — is marked
with gradually increasing in size triangular oblique dark-brown
dashes, each edged with cream white, irregularly arranged as four sets
of geminate spots. The apical spot is cream white, divided by brown
line; the costal spot before the apical sends a long, dark-bluish line
obliquely to outer margin, then turns downward to top of ocellic spot,
whei-e it unites with a similar line out of apex. Cilia same as ground
color, and with the space beyond the ocellic and subapical marginal
lines forming quite a wide marginal band. Hind wing and cilia smoky
brown, a shade paler beneath. Underside forewing dark brown, with
whitish marks repeated on costa. A))domen and legs gray, speckled
with light brown, tarsi annulated with cinereous. Expanse, 9 to
14 mm. About forty specimens. Try on, North Carolina, May 24-25,
Fiske; Cincinnati, Ohio, May 21 to August 17, Miss Braun; New
Brighton, Pennsylvania, May 20, Merrick; Plummers Island, Mary-
land, July, Busck; Belvidere, Illinois, August, Snyder; Smith County,
Tennessee, ,lune, Kemp; Anglesea, New Jersey, June 22, and Essex
County Park, New Jersey, May 18, Kearfott.

Cotypes.—C2it. No. 8242, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in Miss Braun\s, Mr.
Merrick^s, and my own collection.

I have long had these specimens mixed with K strenuana Walker,
which it is superficially much like, excepting very much smaller
size. But, in addition to the size, it can be separated by grayer
ground color, ditlercnce in ocellic spot, and arrangement of costal
spots. Structurally, the forewings are more than three times as long
as wide, much wayvowqv iXvAw strrmnoxt-'^ The outer margin of fore-
wing of both species is sinuate, thus difiering from E. drciihina^ which
is the type of the genus; and therefore when this cumbersome genus
is divided, both of these species will fall into a ditferent genus.

NEW TORTRICIl) MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 357

EUCOSMA SOMBREANA, new species.

Head very pale brown or bleached straw color, palpi brown, speckled
with minute paler atoms, tip of third joint not exposed, thorax same
as palpi. Forewing- reddish brown, heavily dusted on inner half with
cinereous. From middle of costa the cinereous scales form a straight
line pointing- to anal angle, but interrupted before middle, then con-
tinued to anal angle as golden metallic scales; at angle the metallic
line is continued up along the outer margin to its middle, thence
inward, and almost meets a spur of the middle line, altogether inclos-
ing a vertical ovate section of the red-brown ground color. On costa
beyond middle line are six more or less obscure oblique short lines of
cinereous, the lower end of each becoming metallic. Entire length of
costa cinereous speckled with brown and a preciliate line of the same.
There is a very obscure broad paler transverse fascia beyond middle
of wing, defined more clearly on the lower half, where it contrasts
with a darker shade t)efore it; other specimens are better described
by saying that a darker shade rising from inner fourth of dorsum
obliquelv toward costa, but on cell coalescing with outer ground
color. This dark shade is caused by the absence of the cinereous dots.
Male costal fold very wide and three-tifths the length of wing. Cilia
fuscous, speckled with whitish. Hind wing dark smok}^ brown, cilia
paler, preceded and divided by paler lines. Under side forewing cla}'-
brown basal and central part of wing, dull ocherous around edges. Hind
wing dull ocherous. In other specimens the ground color of upper
side of forewing is darker red- brown, almost purple brown, and the
cinereous dusting less in evidence; the under sides of these darker
specimens is almost a uniform dark brown, with slightl}" paler cilia.
The females seem to be less cinereous and to have more metallic lines
on outer half of costa and below apex, but as all before me are rather
))adly rubbed, this may not be true in fresh specimens.

Abdomen, fuscous mixed with cinereous scales. Legs dull ocherous,
tarsi annulated with brown. Eight males, expanse 20 to 25 mm., four
females expanse 20 to 23 mm. Tr^^on, North Carolina, Julv 14, Fiske;
Chicago, Kwiat; Cincinnati, Ohio, August 2, Miss Braun; Scranton,
Pennsylvania, July 2«), Lister; Plummers Island and Cabin John
Bridge, Maryland, August 1-10, Busck; Montclair, New Jersey', Elec-
tric Light, August 4, Kearfott.

C<>tyj>es.—OAt. No. 8243, U. S. Nat. Mus.,and in collections of Miss
Braun, Mr. Lister, and my collection.

1 think the larvae of this species will be found to be a borer in the
stems of possibly an aiuuial plant, there seems to be a small race with
both males and females about 20 nun., and a large race with both sexes
from 23 to 25 mm. This can be accounted for by the supposition that
some larvie have lived in small and others in large stems. I would

358 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

place this species close to l!J. dorslsignatana Clemens, which it rather
resembles in size, shape, and general robust appearance, superficially
much like a moderate sized noctuid.

EUCOSMA RUSTICANA, new species.

Head, palpi, and thorax, shades of brown; face, inner and upper
sides of palpi, lig-ht fawn brown; lower and outer edges of palpi and
ends of scales on top of head, dark smoky brown; thorax and patagia
light fawn, overlaid, especially anteriorl}^, with darker brown. Fore-
wing the same shades of brown as above, the costal half dark smokj^
or blackish In'own, the dorsal half and outer margin light fawn l)rown.
The shades are not sharpl}^ divided and differ more or less in different
specimens. The costa is darkest, and is marked by nine or ten black
dots; between those on outer half are geminated streaks of a lighter
shade. Below the costa the dark shades are in irregular horizontal
lines from base to beyond end of cell, the dark color is rather concen-
trated at end of cell, and at the upper end is a small ovate pale line
inclosing a black dot. The ocellic space is large, pale fawn, with one
horizontal dark streak on its upper side in the male and two streaks
in the female. Before this spot, running obliquel}' inward toward
dorsal margin, is a line of dark scales. The dark shades almost
entirely overlay the light shades on the dorsal half of the female from
l)ase to ocellic spot. Apex marked with a small rectangular pale fawn
dot, with black dots before and below it. Cilia pale fawn, with three
or four darker dots on upper half. Hindwing very dark smoker brown;
cilia pale fawn, with a slighth' darker line at its base. Under sides of
both wings much like the upper sides, but the shades are more diffuse.
Abdomen dark brown, anal tuft light brown. Legs pale brown, first
and second pairs and tarsi of third, annulated with dark blackish
])rown. The male costal fold is rather narrow and not (pdte half the
length of the wing.

Six specimens: Ti-yon, North Carolina, Fiske, May 13 and 22,
August 1; Kerrville, Texas, Doctor Barnes; Algonquin, Illinois,
June 4, Doctor Nason.

i^ofypes. — Cat. No. 82-14, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in \\\\ collection.

EUCOSMA FISKEANA, new species. ^

Head, thorax, and palpi cinereous ])rown, palpi with black tip of
third segment visil)le, although scales of second joint project beyond
it below, scales of palpi shaded with dark ))rown at tips and ati oblique
streak of same close to base on outer side.

Forewing ashy gra}' with dark brown fascia and spots. Basal area
dark brown, overlaid with gray above dorsum, and strigulated with
darker transverse lines, covers inner fourth of costa, angles outward
to middle of wing, thence obliquely inward to dorsum, between latter
and middle slightly indented. Beyond is an irregular oblique fascia

N«) 1398. XEW TORTRICID MOTHS— KEAR 359

of ground color sharply defined only on upper half, strig-ulated with
darker transverse lines. This shade really covers all of the wing beyond
basal area, but interrupted as follows: In the middle of costa a triangu-
lar dark brown patch, its lower point reaching to median line; it is
interrupted on costa by a pair of ground color lines, the inner curling
inward and blocking off a rectangular costal spot of the dark color.
Before the lyial angle a triangulai- brown spot extends to middle of
wing; it is separated from the costal patch b}' a broad band of ground
color; it is darkest at its upper end and outwardly and upwardly de-
fined by a paler luteous line. Arising from the anal angle and follow-
ing outline of outer margin to middle, thence curving evenly inw^ard
beneath the costal spots, is a broad line, swelling out into a flattened
ovate spot above, pale brown on its lower half, graduall}- becomino-
darker to the lunate spot, which is jet black. The ocellic spot between
this and the dorsal triangular spot is luteous gray, with the flattened
black dots in a vertical line; the upper one is the most constant and
largest. The apical spot is moderate on costa, but extends down to
nearly middle of wing on outer margin; between this spot and the
rectangular brow^n spot on middle of costa are three large brown
costal spots, separated from each oth6r by geminated luteous lines,
the line between third and fourth spots from apex (counting apical
spot as num))er one) borders the outer spots below and runs into the
outer margin, thence upward to apex, outlining the apical spot.
Cilia gray.

Hindwing smoky-brown, cilia gray, divided by a slightly darker
line. Under side forewing, dark smoky brown with paler geminations
tdong costa and a paler shade before cilia which is cinereous. Under
side hind wing grayish brow^n, reticulated transversely over its entire
surface with darker brown lines. Cilia grayish brown with an outer
and middle line of fuscous. Abdomen grayish brown, anal tuft dark
brown. Legs same annulated and shaded with dark smoky brown.
Expanse, male 23 to 24.5 mm.; female 29 mm. Two males, one fe-
male, Try on, North Carolina, August 2-11. Collected by Mr. W. F.
Fiske, whose name I take pleasure in giving to this species.

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 8245, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

EUCOSMA CONSTRICTANA Zeller.

Two specimens, August 8. Difi'ering from Texan specimens in my
collection, the shades of which are reddish brown, in being shades of
steel grav and black. Further material may prove these specimens to
be a good variet}"- or different species.

THIODIA RADIATANA Walsingham.

One male, May 1. Quite badly rubbed, but probabl}^ this species,
or one of the closely allied, of which 1 have five awaiting opportunity
for description.

360 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

ANCYLIS ALBACOSTANA, new species.

Head, on top, cinereous, mixed with ferruginou.s scales, a collar of
whitish next to thorax, in front brown. Palpi cream white; end.s of
scales of second joint, which conceal the third joint, dark brown; a few
scales of this color on outer sides of palpi. Antennae cinereous.
Thorax next to head a transverse band of lead color, another band of
this color crosses the middle, each followed In^ a band of whitish.
Patagia and thoracic tuft lead color at base, tips white. Fore wing
lead color, rather heavilj^ overlaid on inner two-thirds below the costa
with brownish and blackish scales. From the base to the apex on the
costa is a pure white band, widest at end of cell, where it is nearly a
a quarter the width of wing; continuing to base with onl}' a trifle less
width, and lower edge curving evenly into costa and ending in a point
at apex. Below the white streak, on the inner half, are a number of
small black dots; three below the fold are well defined, close together
in a line in the .second quarter; the inner one is single, the middle has
a slight projection on the fold, and the outer one is double, its upper
half being above the fold. Another black dot is on the upper gray
edge, and is conspicuous against the white background above its upper
half, before the inner fourth, and is connected by a darker streak with
the inner of the three dots below the fold. Many other darker trans-
verse streaks or strigulations cross the lead-color area. The ocellic
area and outer margin below apex are dusted with white, a small,
round, lead-color spot at anal angle and al)ove it a vertical flattened
ovate spot of same color; each are encircled by a line of whitish scales.
The apex and the streak between this paler area and the white costal
band is dark })rown; in the apex is a small ocellus, a circle of black
inclosing a dot of lead color and surrounded by dull ocherous. Cilia
at apex cinereous, tinged with ferruginous, below apex pure white.
Hind wings brownish fuscous above, pale fuscous below. Underside
fore wing fuscous, whitish streak repeated along costa, cilia white
below apex. Abdomen and legs fuscous, tarsi annulated with dark
l)rown. Expanse 19 mm. Two female specimens: OneTryon, North
Carolina, May 11, Fiske; one Colorado, National Museum, Accession
Catalogue No. 45.

Coh/2)e.^.—C'dt. No. 821:6, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in my collection.

In describing this species from two females I run the risk of a
generic error, but the falcate apex and venation agree with our
detinition of Ancylis.

ANCYLIS SEMIOVANA Zeller.

One male, May 20.

ANCYLIS DUBIANA Clemens,

One male. May 25.

^" i:^9^- XEW TORTRICID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 361

ANCYLIS GOODELLIANA Fernald. ''^

Ono malo, ]\Iay 7.

ANCYLIS DIMINUATANA, new species.

Head and thorax white, speckled with fuscous. Palpi white, tips
of scales above and two spots on outside fuscous. Antennje g-olden
Ijrown. Fore wing creani}^ white; a seal-brown shade from base, over
middle of wing to end of cell, thence to apex. The lower edge of this
brown shade is sharply- detined below, but diti'use and running into
ground color above. Its lower edge begins at base close to dorsal
margin and tends slightl^y upward to bevond middle of wing, thence
acutely upward in a nearly straight line into apex. The lower edge is
roundl}" indented twice on its inner half, where it turns up to apex and
opposite the outer margin. It is outlined outwardly })y a luteous-
gr'ayish line. This, opposite the ocellic spot, is succeeded by a light-
brown line, and beyond and defining the ocellic spot is a short
luteous-gray line. The ocellic spot is but a shade of brown. All the
>pace along the dorsal margin and before the outer margin below the
middle brown streak is ground color, overlain with gray and feirugi-
nous scales. The dorsal margin is dotted with lilack. Above the
brown shade on the inner half of costa is a streak of ground color, on
which are three black dots in a line on upper vein of cell. At middle
of costa a faint brown line runs ol^liquely into the brown shade; just
below the apex, six other pale-brown lines on costa, between it and
apex, start obliquely, but are all separated from the first bv a paler
line just below costa. These spots are separated by short gray or
leaden lines, one just before apex being the best defined, and it is
shaded on l)oth sides by whitish ])rown. Cilia white immediately
below apex, with a fuscous dot, l)elow light fuscous with ferruginous
tinge, preceded by a dark-brown line, and divided by a slightly darker
fuscous line. Hind wing smoky fuscous; cilia paler. Underside fore
wing smoky fuscous, wdiitish along costa, with a black apical dot and
dash of white in the cilia below it. Hind wing pale gray; cilia same.
Abdomen fuscous, anal tuft dull ocherous. Legs cream}" white,
washed with light brown on tarsi. Plxpanse 13.5 to 15 mm.

Twelve specimens: Tryon, North Carolina, Ma}" 12, Fiske; Winchen-
den, Massachusetts, May 26 to June 2, F. A. Merrick; Plummers
Island, Maryland, and Washington, District of Columbia, May 19 to
flune 1, A. Busck; Kamapo, New York, May 27, Kearfott; Caldwell,
New Jersey, May 17-22, Kearfott; Wellington, British Columbia,
June and July 1, Doctor Taylor and Bryant; Denver, Colorado,
April 23, Oslar.

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 8247, U. S. Nat. Mus., and in ray collection.

In the National Museum there is a specimen of this species labeled
"diminuatana Wlsm.,"' ])ut I have not been able to find the name or a

362 PROCEKDIXGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

description in any of Walsingham's writings. Should it, however, ])e
on record, this additional description will not atiect his title to priority.
This species is close to goodeUiana Fernald, which latter is verv
close to European hlarcuana Stephens, which is probably wronglv
accredited to America. Goodellhina differs from dhn'muutcma in its
larger size (28 mm.), the brown streak narrower and almost obliquely
to apex, and an additional brown line from base nearly to middle below
the middle streak. My comparison is made from a specimen of (jood-
elliana identified by Professor Fernald. I can not detect sufficient
difference between Eastern and British Columbian specimens to war-
rant separation. The ground color of the lattcM- is more of a silvers-
white, and the browns a shade darker; otherwise the maculation is the
same.

ENARMONIA AMERICANA Walsingham. '^

Four specimens. May 25 and July -i-o. Agrees verv closely with
Walsinghanrs figures and description, except that tlie hind wings of
the male are dark brown, the same shade as female. In Edward's
collection, American Museum of Natural Hl^t'^'y, New York, are
specimens from California, labeled ((inerlcana, by Feriia'd, which are
not the same as Walsingham's figure or these eastern species. ^ am
under the impression that americana is found both East and West,
while there is a closely allied but distinct additional species in Cali-
fornia, which has been mistaken for it.

ECDYTOLOPHA INSITICIANA Zeller.

One male, May 26. Larvte in September in galls on the twigs of
common locust.

GYMNANDROSOMA PUNCTIDISCANUM Dyar. -^ '

One male, July 3; one female, Mav 14. The condition of the former
is that it may have been on the wing for a month or moie, which mav
account for the considerable difference in dates,

CARPOCAPSA TOREUTA Grote. '^

One male, June 1. This is a particularly interesting capture, as, so
far as 1 know, the species has never been taken since Grote described
it. It is not represented in an}- of the public or private collections
that I have seen. ,

EPAGOGE SULJeteREANA Clemens.

One male, June \. Of the medium size northern form, with pale
hind wings.

SPARGANOTHIS IRROREA Robinson.

One male, July 14.

NO. 1398. NEW TORTRICID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 363

ARCHIPS ROSACEANA Harris.

One male, August 8; one fenuile, no date.

ARCHIPS PURPURANA Clemens. "^

One female, August s.

PLATYNOTA FLAVEDANA Clemens.

One specimen, August 14.

PANDEMIS LIMITATA Robinson.
One male, June 3.

TORTRIX PERITANA Clemens.

One female, August lii.

TO^TRlX FUMIFERANA Clemens.

One femals, May 7.

TORT^RiX CONFLICTANA \A^alker.

One male. May 2.

^ EULIA VELUTINANA Walker.

One male, August 14.

PHALONIA FERNALDANA Walsingham. -^

Two specimens, May 5-29.

PHALONIA BUNTEANA Robinson.

Two specimens, July 10.

PHALONIA NANA ? Haworth.

One specimen, August 14. "ICt,

PHALONIA DUBITANA ? Hubner.

One specimen, August 12. I add an interrogation mark to this and
the preceding species, as I am not by any means convinced that these
European species occur in America.

PHALONIA ANGUSTANA Clemens.

One male, May 20. There is certainly no reason why Clemens's name
should not have been restored long ago. Robinson made it a synonym
of 'his dorsiiiiaculana^ supposing that angustana was preoccupied in
this genus in Europe. The European species is not a l*]ial<ni!(i^ but
belongs to an allied genus Euxanthls Hubner. Besides other differ-
ences, Meyrick" separates these genera by veins III and IV of hind

« Hand Book of British Lepidoptera, p. 557.

364 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxviii.

wings stalked in E\i.nuit]i!f<'An(\. separate in Pludonla^ and gives figure
of venation of tliis particular species, showing the stalked median vein.
1 also have eight European specimens in my collection, in all of which
this vein iseither short-stalked or connate. In the American r/?<y/^s7frty/(7,
as in all true Phulon'ai^ veins 111 and IV are widely separated at base.
1 think there is another mix up between angmtana Clemens and
domhiKicuJana Robinson and promptana Robinson. The two latter
were described at the same time, with very little ditference either in
descriptions or ligures. I have not seen Robinson's types, but have
carefully examined Clemens's type in Philadelphia, and from my present
knowledge 1 would wMxkQ pro mptarta the SA^nonym of angustaria and
leave dorshnaculana as a good but very closely allied species. I have
long series, both male and female, of what 1 believe to be both species,
and the most constant marks for separating them are the black dots
on outer margin. Angitstana has a single small dot just above the
middle and a tiny one below the apex, while dorslmaeidana has a mar-
ginal row of four horizontal bldfk dashes. If further study should
prove this analj^sis wrong, then both of Robinson's species may become
synonyms of anguddna and the species witn the row of marginal
dashes will have no name.

PHALONIA DORSIMACULANA Robinson.

Two specimens, July 10. See note above.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 41

ASSINIBOIA MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA, COLLECTED BY MR

T. N. WILLING.

BY W. D. KKARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

I am very much indebted to Mr. T. N. Willing, of Regina, Assa., for
the privilege of working up a very interesting collection of Micro-Lepidop-
tera. It is particularly notable in recording a number of species that have
hitherto been only known by the types, and especially so in establishing
a wide range of territory »to species that have been only recorded
from California. Following this paper I have one in preparation on the
same subject, from material collected in Manitoba by Messrs. Heath,
Criddle and Dennis, to be followed in its turn by one on Micro-Lepidop-
tera from Western British Columbia, collected by Dr. Taylor and Mr.
Bryant ; later I hope to be in possession of sufficient material from the
territory east and north of Toronto, which has been less worked than any
part of North America, for a fourth paper. It is most gratifying to observe
the very great interest in these small insects that has arisen throughout
Canada.

TORTRICID^.

Olethretites consangninaiia, Wlsra. — One specimen ; Macleod, VII.
2. The most eastern record for this species, common in British Columbia
and California.

Okthreides deceptaiia, sp. nov. — Palpi, head and thorax pale gray,
thickly sprinkled with darker gray atoms, antennte pale gray. Front wing
pale gray, marked with obscure darker gray. The darker shade forming
a basal patch, a more or less obsolete middle fascia and streaks before
outer margin. The basal patch covers on costal and dorsal margins a
fifth of length of wing, but extends outward on middle one-quarter, the
outer edge is slightly indented half way between middle and costa, below
middle the edge is irregular and almost lost on its lower fourth. The
basal patch is thickly covered with darker, nearly black strigulse and
dots, the former parallel to the outer margin of patch. Central dark fascia
from middle of costa and narrowest just below casta; its inner edge
slightly indented below costa, broadly indented on cell and slightly above
dorsal margin ; its outer edge is slightly indented below costa, deeply and
narrowly at end of cell, thence obliquely towards anal angle, but before

February, 1905.

42 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

reaching it abruptly turning downward into dorsal margin. Like the basal
patch, it is transversely strigulated with nearly black lines and dots, A
narrow dark half fascia arises just below middle of outer margin, proceeds
obliquely inward towards costa at outer fourth, but terminates before
reaching it; it is widest and rounded on its upper end. Between this
short fascia and middle fascia, the narrow streak of lighter ground colour
is divided by a darker line. The pale ground colour between basal patch
and middle fascia, at apex and along outer half of costa is also strigulated
with darker gray shades and dots. The costa is marked as follows : In
basal patch with two dark dashes ; in ground colour before middle fascia
with four dark dashes ; in middle fascia, the margins of which are nearly
black, make two and between them a third dark dash ; beyond middle
fascia to apex are four paler ground colour oblique lines, each two divided
by a darker dash and each with a darker dash in its middle. The inner
pale-ground-colour line continues down to anal angle, the second and
third merge together below and outline the upper end of marginal semi-
fascia, and then continue around its outer edge to middle of outer
margin ; the fourth and outer pale line runs obliquely into outer margin
below apex and outlines the darker apical spot. Cilia with seven whitish
and seven dark gray spots, evenly spaced. Hind wing smoky fuscous,
paler along costa and basally. Cilia paler. Under side : Front wing
smoky fuscous, with whitish spots repeated from above along costa and
outer margin ; hind wing grayish fuscous, a shade darker at apex.
Abdomen gray above ; below and legs cinereous.

One $ , Regina, VII., 20. Three ^ , Aweme, Man., VII., 24, to
VIII., 8 (Norman Criddle). One ^ , Chicago, 111., June (Jos. H. Read-
ing). Co-typeS) U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 8205, Mr. Willing's and my collec-
tions.

I think this is the species that has been masquerading in our lists as
hartmanniana, Linn., and propose to drop the latter name from our
American list. I have a long series of hartmanniana from Europe, and a
very careful comparison leaves no doubt of their separate identity. In
hartjtiamiiana the central fascia is differently indented, there is a tendency
to its being entirely divided on cell by ground colour, leaving a conspicu-
ous dash half fascia from costa and a dark shade on dorsal margin ; there

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43

is also a dark dorsal shade in hartmanniatia from base to angle, which is
entirely wanting in our American species.

Deceptajia is not unlike Archips afflictafia, Walk., but can readily be
separated by structural characters. The ^ of afflidana has a costal fold,
which is absent in deceptana. The median vein of hind wing of decepiana
is hairy at base above, which is not the case with afflictatia. The costa
of deceptana is more rounded or arched than afflidana. Zeller's identifi-
cation of hartmanniana was from specimens collected in Mass. by
Burgess. I am much inclined to the opinion that these specimens were
afflidana^ which is common in the Eastern States, or it is possible that
they were more or less rubbed specimens of albeo/ana, Zell. By removing
hartmanniana from our lists, Zeller's species albeolana, which has been
listed as a variety of hartmanniana, will become a good species, and
represent the very distinctly marked species, the larvae of which are
always found on birch (Bettda alba). Hartmantiiana, according to
Meyrick, feeds on Willow (Salix).

Olethreutes vetuiafia, '''Wlsm. — One ^ , Regina, VIII., 30. Described,
from California and Texas and not since recorded. Type, 17 mm.
Regina specimen 22 mm., and more of a dark chocolate-brown than
California specimens and type, which are a reddish-brown.

Olethreutes campestrana, Zell. — Three specimens, Regina, VIII., 13,
and Pincher, VII., 10 ; marked identically with Zeller's figure, but
expanding only 12 mm. All other specimens in my collection and the
types expand 16 to 18 mm. These may be diminutive examples of
campestrana or a new species, but I would long hesitate describing as new
anything in this genus with the characteristic white inner and outer bands
and dark fuscous or dark-brown basal patch, central band and sometimes
apical patch, forming four or five well-defined vertical fasciae, as there are
already seven species (5469 to 5475, Smith's List) so closely allied that I
have yet been unable to separate them. Besides the above is a fourth
specimen labelled Indian Head, VI., 29, that is darker and differing in
the indentations of the white fasciae, and especially in the ornamentation
of the apical patch, which seems closer to dealbana, Walk., but is too
badly rubbed to be positively identified.

*Smith's List, 1903, No. S454, erroneously printed vestulana.

44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Eucostna Morrisoni^ Wlsm. — Two specimens, Macleod, VII , 8, and
Lethbridge, VII., ii. A trifle smaller and paler than Colorado and
Montana specimens.

Eucosma circulana, Hbn. — One specimen, Regina, VL, i8. Same
size, but differs somewhat from Eastern specimens, and additional
material may prove it to be a new species, or at least a good variety.

Eucosfna argentialbana, Wlsm. — Two specimens, Regina, VI , i8.
I have no authentic specimens from Texas, where the types were taken,
to make a comparison, but feel reasonably sure of this identification,
although the Regina examples are more distinctly marked and capable of
a much more clearly defined description than that of the type.

Eucosma adminana^ Wlsm. — Two specimens. Regina, VIII. , 13 and
15. This is a very interesting capture, described by Walsingham, 1879,
from Califhrnia. It has not since been recorded or, as far as I know,
taken.

Eucosma illotana, Wslm. — One specimen, Regina, VI. , 18. This is
also an interesting record, as I am not aware of any printed record of its
capture since Walsingham took it in Oregon more than twenty-five years
ago. It is not, however, the most Eastern specimen, as I have one from
Chicago, taken by Mr. J. H. Reading.

Eucosma Stnithtana, Wlsm. — Two specimens, Macleod, VI. , 25, and
VII., 8. I am rather doubtful of this determination, the specimens are
somewhat rubbed, 'but as far as can be seen agree with the description.
If not Smithiaua, I do not know of anywhere else to place them, and
additional material may prove it to be new.

Thiodia dorsiatomana, sp. nov. — Palpi inwardly and basally white,
outwardly and second joint above tinged with fuscous ; head and patagia
pale brown or fawn ; thorax grayish-brown.

Front wing : Shades of pale olivaceous-brown or fawn, with a v/hite
divided median stripe, ocelUc spot, sub-apical cosia markings, and inner
two-fifths of costa narrowly edged with white.

The brown shades are palest along the dorsum, below cell ; between
median streak and costa ; above ocellic spot and in a narrow sub-marginal
area. The white median streak extends from base to end of cell and is
evenly divided its whole length by a narrow black line, a heavier black

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45

line outlines the white streak below, and a less well defined one above.
The inner half of costa is minutely dotted with brown. The dorsal margin
from inner fourth to anal angle is distinctly marked with seven or eight
equally spaced black dots. Ocellic spot, a broad horizontal white bar,
with a luteous-whiie spot above and below it at each end ; above and
below the bar is a narrow, short black line, and beyond the two outer
spots, two or three black dots. The outer two-fifths of costal margin
covering a quarter of the width of wing is a beautiful scroll-work of
geminate white lines, edged internally with black and enclosing three
small spots of ground colour ; the oiiter spot double the width of the
middle one and the inner one but little more than an oblique streak. The
inner pair of lines from costa just beyond middle, obliquely to and
almost touching ocellic spot, the second pair are shorter and curve around
parallel to costal, enclosing middle ground colour spot and joining third
pair ; the latter entirely enclose the large outer ground colour spot, and
the lower line of this pair separates from its companion and dips down
beyond and defining the ocellic spot, thence curves upward into apex,
forming a white apical dash. Cilia long, whitish, finely speckled with gray
inwardly, followed two narrow fuscous lines.

Hind wing : Dark smoky-brown, cilia gray, with a darker basal
line. Abdomen above and tuft gray, below and legs whitish, tarsi shaded
with brown.

Three (^ , expanse 17 to 19.5 mm. One ?, 18 mm. Regina, VI.,
15 to 18, Macleod, VII., 2. Co-types, U. S. Nat. iMus., No. 8210, Mr.
Willing's and my collections.

Allied to striatana, Clem., spiculana, Zell., argenticostana, VVlsm.,
and clavana. Fern. Without any other characters a very easy means of
distinguishing these species may be found in the scroll-work on costa
before apex, which I purpose using later in synoptic tables ; the species,
all of which have the white or pale median streak, can readily be separated
as follows: The white sub-apical streaks oi striatana are broad, oblique and
nearly straight, the inner and apical are geminated, the middle pair entirely
separate. In spicula?ia the white costal streak runs into the inner pair,
and there is only one broad white apical dash. The costal streak in argenti-
CQStana continues clear to the apex as a narrow line, the streaks are
almost obsolete. Clavana, I have not seen, the description only says

46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

d

" several oblique irregular streaks," very indefinite, but as this species is
stated to have a double dark brown line below the white median streak, it
should be readily separated.

I have two other specimens from Verdi, Nev., which do not seem to
match any of the above and may be new, but await a larger series before
describing.

''■- Thiodia tenuiana. Wlsm. — One specimen, Regina, VIII., 13. This
specimen is rather badly rubbed, but compares closely with an example
so named by Prof Fernald in the American Museum of Natural History.
It is not quite like Walsingham's figure, which, with the closely allied
species parvatia, Wlsm., and miniinana, Wlsm., are very poorly drawn,
the descriptions are also so general that an actual comparison of the types
will be necessary to properly separate them. Vein IV. of hind wing is
entirely absent in this specimen.

Thiodia parvana, Wlsm. — Three specimens, Macleod, VI., 29, and
Regina, VI., 10. I have but little hesitation in placing these specimens in
this species; they agree with Walsingham's rather meagre description and
indifferent figure, except that the hind wings are most distinctly fuscous
rather than " very pale grayish white." Originally described from north
Oregon, and not recorded since.

Thiodia reftisana, Walk. — Two specimens, Regina, VI., 18. I feel
certain of this identification, although both Walker and Walsingham's
descriptions very inadequately describe this beautiful species. It closely
resembles Eucosma circulana, Hbn., but can be quickly separated by the
ct costal fold of the latter. The Regina specimens are yellowish-brown,
or " cinereous-ochreous," except along the costa, which is whitish. The
metallic lines are a dull leaden metallic, and form an almost perfect
circle, involving nearly the entire outer third. Within the lower half of
this circle is the ocellic spot composed of a cluster of velvety-black dots
on a white field, and bounded outwardly on both sides and through the
middle (vertically) by short metallic lines. In the upper half of the circle
are three horizontal rows of black atoms. Between the circle and costa
are a number of oblique metallic lines on a paler field ; and through the
middle of the wing, from base to circle, about one-third below costa, is a
paler, nearly whitish line. The descriptions of re/usana apply much
better to circtilana, especially where the ground colour is stated to be

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 47

"profusely irrorated with brownish scales," If further examination of
Walker's type in the British Museum should show that it has a costal
fold — the description states it is a S — refusatia would fall as a synonym
o( circulana, and leave our present species without a name.

" Thiodiatriangidana, %-^.rios. — Head and palpi cinereous or ashy-
white, latter fuscous outwardly, thorax same, but posterior ends of scales
and patagia cinereous.

Front wing divided into three nearly equal triangles, by two oblique
fasciae ; the inner from dorsum at first quarter continuing obliquely two-
thirds across the wing, the outer from centre of costa to anal angle.

Costa almost straight ; outer margin oblique, 45°, straight in three
specimens, very slightly concave in the fourth ; dorsal margin evenly
convex. III. and IV. of hind wing stalked from two-thirds to four-fifths,
length of stalk is not constant.

Fore wing : Ground colour varies from dead white to white with an
olivaceous tinge, with olivaceous-brown fasciae, spots and irrorations. An
inner narrow fascia arises from inner fourth of dorsum and points towards
the inner of the three pre-apical costal spots, but ends abruptly just above
middle of wing ; it is more sharply defined outwardly than basally, and
its outer margin is indented just above dorsum. The basal triangle
within this fascia is thinly irrorated with the dark colour, more concentrated
in a narrow line on costa, extending nearly to outer fascia and along the
dorsal margin ; below and paralleling the costa are a row of dots, dupli-
cated in a shorter row below middle ; between these are three faint
horizontal lines, the lower one the most distinct, and in some specimens
continuing outward, defining upper end of inner fascia, through outer
fascia and ocellic spot. The outer fascia begins on costa and terminates
in anal angle, before and defining ocellic spot ; its inner edge is less
sharply defined than its outer, and is nearly straight, being sharply
indented below middle by a narrow spur of white ; the outer edge curves
outward as far as middle of wing, and below is sharply indented by the
white ocellic spot. The basal triangle, thus enclosed, is crossed hori-
zontally by faint lines of the dark colour, between the veins, the latter being
white ; the dark colour forms a shade along the dorsum and in one (the
freshest) example a small spot on dorsum at outer two-thirds.

48 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

The apical triangle, above the ocellic spot is the whitest part of the
wing, irrorated with fuscous below and interrupted on costa by three well-
defined, large costal spots, the outer the largest ; a line of pure white sur-
rounds these spots on all sides except the costal. The ocellic spot
occupies the lower half of wing, bounded outwardly by a narrow, irregular,
silvery-metallic line, beyond which are two to four small black dots, the
spot is white and is crossed horizontally by a row of dark dots above, a
faint line and a dark shade below ; the silvery-metallic outer line, in some
specimens continues around below the spot and up on its inner edge,
almost completely encircling it. Before the cilia is a pure white line,
from just below apex to dorsal margin and before this is a slightly wider
fascia of the dark colour, which continues into the apex. Cilia white,
lightly dusted with the dark colour.

Hind wing : Smoky, fuscous, rather shining ; cilia pale fuscous, with
three very narrow basal lines, middle fuscous, outer and inner, whitish.

Under side : Front wing, dark, smoky fuscous, paler along dorsum
and costal spots darker, faintly outlined with paler scales, a white dash
between outer spot and apex. Cilia same as above and preceded by a
pure white line. Hind wing, grayish fuscous, becoming darker at apex
and with one apical and two small costal dark spots. Cilia same as above.
Abdomen, above and sides grayish, below each segment black anteriorly,
cinereous centrally and gray posteriorly, giving it a very striped appear-
ance. Legs : Femora, whitish gray, tibiae and tarsi cinereous.

Described from four $'5. Expanse : 20 to 24.5 mm.

Two from Regina, VH., 18 and 20, and two Aweme, Man., VI., 29,
and IX., 31 (Norman Griddle). Qo-types, U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 8206, Mr.
Willing's and my collections.

Since writing the above I have received from Mr. Ernest Oslar,
several additional specimens, collected in Platte Canon, Colo., VIII., 16,
and three specimens from unidentified material in U. S. Nat. Mus.,
collected by Dr. W. Barnes, Glenwood Springs, Colo., Aug. and Oct.
The latter arc of bright ochreishbrown shades, Oslar specimens olivaceous-
gray. The maculation of all are the same; the species has therefore a
variation in colour, from ashy-gray, through the olivaceous-grays to a clear
ochreish-brown. (To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 89

ASSINIBOIA MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA, COLLECTED BY MR.
. T. N. WILLING.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Conlinued from page 48.)
■^' Proteopteryx Willingana, Kearf. — Two additional specimens ; Reg-
ina Vn., 20. One strong!)' marked 9 and one almost unicolorous A ,
the same as the types.

Ancyclis mediofasciana, Clem — One specimen ; Regina, VL, 18.
Does not differ from Eastern examples ; already recorded by Dyar from
Kaslo.

Epinotia psetidotsugana, Kearf — One specimen; Regina, VIIL, 15.
Not differing from my types. This species comes very close to
pinicolana, Zell., differing ])rincipally in tlie front wings being of a dull
leaden gray colour, while in pinicolana both ground colour and fasciie are
of bright brown shades. When describing this species I overlooked the
palpi, the outer joint of which is entirely exposed, hence it should be
placed in Epinotia and not Cydia ( Thiodiu).

Cenopis reticiilatana, Clem. — One specimen ; Regina, VIIL, i.
Less red than the Eastern examples in my collection. I am not aware
of any previous record as far west as Regina.

Sparganothis puritana^ Rob.; vocaridorsajia, var. nov. Differing
from puritana ; in short central fascia, reaching only to middle of fore
wing; entire absence of spot before outer margin, and in the costal spot
doubled in width, covering costa from middle to apex.

Head, palpi and thorax yellow, much mixed with ferruginous, palpi
paler on inner sides and above at base. Fore wing light yellow, paler
than puritana. The spots and marks are a pinkish red, with a light
purple tinge at some angles. A short basal dash of this color, below the
costa and above the middle. A short fascia from costa at inner fourth
obliquely to lower vein of cell, irregularly straight on its inner edge, the
outer edge sharply and deeply indented by a spur of ground colour on
upper half of cell. Costal spot begins at middle of costa and extends to,
but does not involve apex, flatly triangular, its lowest point covering vein
7. A small discal spot. On dorsal margin are a few scattered reddish
scales between outer third and anal angle, beginning with a tiny spot.
Cilia tinged with pink. The costa from base to fascia is also narrowly
edged with reddish. Hind wings evenly gray ; cilia paltr.

Under side fore wing : Yellow and ferruginous in a narrow band
along costa, repeating the colours of the upper surface, below this dark

^arch, 190J.

90 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

t

gr;iy, cilia yellowish. Hind wings very pale gray, cilia a shade paler,
preceded by a pale yellow line. Abdomen gray above ; beneath, anal
tuft and legs cinereous. Expanse 25 mm. Six ^, Reginjj VI., 16;
Aweme, VII., 10 (Norman Criddle) Winnipeg, (Hanham). Co-types, U.S.
Nat. Mus., No. 8209, and my collection.

I have described this as a variety of puritana, but should not be
surprised if it should prove to be a good species.

Archips cerasivorana, Fitch. — Three bred specimens, labelled "cherry
web-worm," Medicine Hat, July. Not differing from specimens from the
Middle and Western States.

Archips argyrospi/a. Walk. — One specimen; Calgary, VIII., i. The
dark form common to California.

Arc/lips virescana, CXexn. — One specimen; Regina, VIII,, 13, very
badly rubbed, but no doubt this species ; common in the Eastern and
Middle States, and also recorded from Arizona.

Archips persicana. Fitch. — Two specimens; Portage, VII., 10, and
Regina, VII., 18. Darker than either Eastern Canada or British Colum-
bia specimens, and with the white costal mark broader on the costa and
more nearly resembling Zeller's figure of his conigerana; with a sufficient
series showing this constant difference, I would be disposed to restore
Zeller's name, at least to varietal rank.

Pandemis Canadana, sp. nov. — Fore wing very dark rusty brown,
more or less overlaid with grayish-brown scales, with an oblique, purplish-
black fascia from middle of costa to anal angle, a half-round spot of same
colour on costa between fascia and apex, and an irregular basal band.

Head, palpi and thorax cinereous-gray sprinkled with darker
specks. Antennae cinereous. Fore wing rusty brown, overlaid with
gray or grayish-brown, especially in basal patch and between it
and central fascia. The dark scales in basal patch became more
concentrated outwardly thus sharply defining the patch against
the lighter ground colour which succeeds it ; the outer edge begins at the
inner quarter on costa, is slightly concave above and below median line,
and convex outwardly on median line, widest on dorsal margin where it
extends a third the length of wing and is shortly truncated. The central
fascia is nearly straight, on its inner edge, from costa to middle, thence con-
vex towards base for a quarter of its length, thence straight to dorsal margin,
which it touches at two thirds ; outer edge of this fascia concave on its
upper quarter, thence nearly straight to anal angle; the lower, outer

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 91

half of this fascia more or less overlaid with ground colour and less shari)-
ly defined than inner edge and upper half A broad, half-round spot on
costa is the darkest of all the marks on costa. It covers between one-
fifth and one-fourth the length of wing and leaves an equal division of
ground colour on each side, between fascia and spot and spot and apex.
On the costa are a number of short, hardly oblique, dark dashes; four or five
in basal patch, two in ground colour succeeding it, three in fascia and two
or three in ground colour beyond. A broken line of dark scales before
outer margin. The fascia and spot are outlined by a lighter
brownish-ochreous line. In one specimen the dark colour replaces
the brown entirely, the spot and fascia being indicated only by the paler
border lines. Cilia ground colour, preceded by a narrow dark line, the
tips paler ochreous-brown. Hind wing and abdomen very dark fuscous,
paler above cell, cilia pale fuscous. Legs cinereous, first and second pair
clouded with gray-brown in front. Expanse, (^ , 19 to 21 mm.

5 marked same as ^^ , but all marks nearly obsolete and indicated
more by the darker outer lines than their internal colour. Expanse, $ ,
24.5 mm.

Eight $ S , Regina, VIII., 13 to 15 ; St. Albert, VII., 20; Aweme,
VII., 31, to VIII., 15, (Norman Criddle.) One 9, Regina. Co-types,
U. S Nat. Mus., No. 8208, Mr. Willing's and my collection.

I at first identified these specimens as an unusually dark form of
Pandemis limitaia, Rob., but the outline of the basal patch and central
fascia are quite different and are sufficient to warrant separation, even if
there were not such a considerable difference in the colour. The outer
line of the basal patch ranges from nearly straight to slightly indented
below the middle in limitaia, while in Ca?iadana this line is deeply
scalloped above and below the middle. In limitaia, the inner edge of
central fascia is straight, with, in some specimens, a small tooth projecting
at a third below costa, while in Canadana, this line bulges out widely
below the middle. The fascia of ground colour between basal patch and
central fascia is much narrower in limitaia, with sides nearly straight.

Toririx Alleniana, Fern. — Four ^, Regina, VIII., 13 and 15;
Macleod, VII., 2 ; two 9 , Lethbridge, VJI., 11 ; one J, bred, Medicine
Hat, larva on poplar, V., 30 ; ])upated VI., 7 ; issued VI. 20. Prof.
Fernald has kindly loaned me two ^ and one 9 types of this species,
and while the 9 % cannot be separated and compare exactly, the $ $
have necessitated a very considerable amount of study, and I should not
be surprised if additional material from points between Regina and

92 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Maine would prove the existence of two s^ood species, especially if a 9
form should be found constantly different from the $ of Allenimm.

The fore wings of the $ types of Alleniana are yellowish-brown, very
finely and lightly reticulated with a darker shade of brown, an oblique fascia
from centre of costa in one specimen extends barely to cell, and in the other is
obsolete; on costa before apex is a faint indication of a spot. The hind wings
are immaculate, of a very light buff shade. Several of the Regina $ ^
compare closely with the types, except that the central fascia is strongly
developed, continuing down to and disappearing just above the anal angle,
while the pre-apical spot is large and dark, and has a tendency to run into
a curved sub-marginal darker shade that involves the outer margin. The
balance of the $ specimens have distinctly grayish-brown fore wings,
with reticulations, fascia and marks the same ; but the hind wings are
fuscous, with the pale straw colour costal and apical borders finely reticu-
lated. I think it quite likely that this is the species referred to in a letter
from Dr. Fletcher (VII., 15, 1904) that is suspected of doing considerable
damage to the Populus tremuloides of the Northwest. I should like to
have given the name populana to this species, but find it impossible to
separate from Alleniana with the material before me.

Tortrix syniphoricarpana, sp. nov. — $, 27 mm. Head and palpi
grayish-tawny-brown, outer ends of scales and outer joint of palpi dark
slaty brown ; thorax and front wing tawny-brown or grayish-yellow. An
oblique, blackish-purple fascia from middle of costa to hind margin before
anal angle, narrowest on costa; indented and partly interrupted on upper
median vein, inner edge well defined, nearly straight but swelling out
slightly in cell, with two very slight indentations, one at middle of cell and
one on median vein, slightly concave below cell ; outer edge of fascia less
distinctly defined, the dark colour becoming paler and approximating
the ground colour ; indented between costa and upper median vein, below
latter convex to before anal angle. A duplicate spot on costa half
way between fascia and apex, somewhat triangular but rounded on inner
edge, and is twice as wide on costa as fiiscial spot on costa, most intense
on inner edge ; from lowest point of spot is a dark, outwardly curved,
much broken line to anal angle ; several short, vertical reticulations
between this line and outer margin, crossed by horizontal reticulations.
The balance of the wing is coarsely reticulated vertically, in the type
there being seven points touching the costa between base and fascia and
three between fascia and costal spot. Cilia tawny-yellow. Hind wing
pale cinereous, clouded basally and dorsally with fuscous, and apically

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 93

with ochreous. Cilia paler. Under side front wing light tawny brown
below costa and before outer margin ; central part of wing from base to
end of cell, dark, brownish fuscous. The reticulations of upper side are
duplicated on costa and outer margin, with three well-defined short costal
streaks beneath the inner and outer edge of fascia and inner edge of costal
spot. Abdomen grayish-brown, tuft ochreous, legs pale ochreous.

$ , 25 mm. Marked generally same as -ft , but ground colour is
darker brown, causing the fascia and spot to be less distinctly defined; the
reticulations are also more obscure, except between the submarginal line
and outer margin they are more distinct and form a submarginal dark
shade. Hind wings slightly paler. One (^ . Two 9 . Medicine Hat,
VII., 21, from larvae on Snowberry, Symp/ioricarpa, sp. Co-types U. S.
Nat. Mus., No. 8207, and my collection.

The rnaculation of this species is very much like Robinson's figure
of Archips zapulata^ except that the dark basal area sh&wn on the figure
is entirely absent. It is also very much darker than zaptdata, and as
the o has no costal fold, it cannot even be referred to the same genus.

Tortrix pallorana, Rob. — Twelve specimens, Lethbridge, VII., 11,
Regina, VII., 10, to IX., 2. (^ 's average 25 mm ; 9 3° "im- I have so
far found it impossible to satisfactorily separate Robinson's two species,
pallorana and lata. Mr. VVilling's specimens agree in size with lata, but
in colour and shape they are nearer pallorana, although they do not
exactly agree in any one particular with either, except that the fore
wings are immaculate. We may have a new species, but I should hesitate
describing it without very much more complete data of the larval stages.
Pallorana is on record as bred from Verbena and Cerasus.

Tortrix albicomana, Clem. — One specimen, Lethbridge, VII., 11;
The canary-yellow form, rather heavily overlaid with pale purple scales,
concentrated in two half fascife from costa and a whole fascia before the
cilia on the outer margin. It is the intermediate form, between the type,
which is the palest canary-yellow, and the other extreme, where the whole
fore wing is overlaid with deep lustrous purple, excepting a short basal
yellow patch, continuing in a line along the costa and running into the
outer marginal yellow fascia. I have recently separated this form,
calling it var. semipurpurana. This Regina specimen is of the form
commonly bred on Rose, and which has usually been mistaken for
bergmanniana, Linn. I have considerable doubt that the latter really
occurs in America.

94 Ths Canadian entomologist.

MOSQUITO NOTES.— No. 3.

BY C. S. LUDLOW, M. SC, /

LaboialiM y o( llic Ofticc o( lliu Smgcoii GciK-ral, U. S. A., ^'asliingtiiii, D. C.

In a very interesting collection of mosquitoo^ latel)' sent me from
the Philippine Islands by Dr. Eugene R. Whitipfore, ist Lt. Asst. Surg.
U. S. A., occur a couple of forms which seern^i^ntitled to position as new
genera, and some others of merely specific int,^rest, The new genera are
separated, in the first instance by a coml^nation of values that makes
it seem secure, while in the second cas/ it lies between Finlaya and
Macleaya, and the differences are not so .liiarked.

Reedomyia, nov. gen. — Head coyfered with slender curved scales,
forked scales on the occiput, and flat lateral ones, as in Culex ; palpi two
jointed in the female ; thorax clothed with curved scales ; scutellum with
broad flat scales only ; metanotum ;lude ; fork cells of wing short.

The genus is named after Major Walter Reed, Surgeon U. S. A.,
whose invaluable work in ^^xov'xwgStegomyia fasciata, F'ab., the intermedi-
ate host in the transmission of "yellow fever" is too well known to need
more than mention.

Reedomyia Pampangetfsis, n. sp. — ? . Head densely covered with
slender curved scales an^ flat lateral ones ; a brown triangular (base
caudad) median spot bq^dered by a white stripe, followed laterally by
brown scales and the^ by lateral white flat scales, no tuft of scales
between the eyes, but .hiany bristles around the eyes, and a border of
curved light-yellow scales around the eyes, fork scales numerous
and extending well up on the vertex ; antennae brown, verticels and
pubescence brown, basal joint light brown and partly brown scaled, first
joint has a few brown scales ; palpi brown, somewhat constricted at base
of ultimate joint ; proboscis brown dorsally, and fawn coloured ventrally to
about three-quarters its length, apical quarter dark, tip brown ; eyes
brown \ ciypeus brown.

Thorax when viewed directly from above is of general reddish brown
colour and darker in other lights ; prothoracic lobes testaceous with white
slender curved scales and dark brown bristles. In these specimens, as in
some others lately received, these lobes appear to be stalked, the stalks
running in a curve up the cephalic aspect of the thorax, and the "lobes"
on t^e dorsal end as a cap, reminding one somewhat of a "mushroom."
Mesonotum is a light reddish brown with light yellow and dark brown
slender curved scales rather indefinitely arranged— an indefinite white

March, 1905.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Fig.

Fig.

2a.
2b.

2C.

Ceuthophilus pallidipcs, ^ , terminal segment ofsL^umraen ( x lo).
" subgenital plate, f^fSm below ( x lo).
" subgenital pk^fc^ lateral view (x lo).
Plate V.
Ceuthophilus ncglectus, ^ , SciyWer's type ( x 3).

?rminal segments of abdomen ( x 10).
subgenital plate, from below ( x 10).
subgenital plate, lateral view (xio).
Isle d' Orleans, P. Q. ( x 3).
terminal segments of abdomen ( x 10).
subgenital plate, from below ( x 10).
subgenital plate, lateral view ( x 10).

AS3INIB0IA MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA, COLLECTED BY MR.
T. N. WILLING.

P.V W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 93.)

Tortrix conflictana, Walk. — Five specimens ; Lethbridge, Macleod
and Pine Creek; VII., 8, to VII., 13. Larger and the bands more suffused
than Eastern specimens.

i. Tortrix argetitana, Clerck. — Three specimens ; Macleod and Leth-
bridge ; VIII., 8 to 15. 1 have a long series of this species from Western
America, south nearly to Mexico, and north to British Columbia, like-
wise a series from Europe, and every time I examine them I am impressed
with the feeling that our American species differs from the European, but
further study is required before deciding either way, in the meantime the
European name can stand. This Tortrix is easily mistaken for Crambus
perlellus^ Scop. See comparative notes under the latter name.

Eulia iri/erana, Walk. — Two specimens ; Regina, VI., 8 to 20,
rather badly rubbed, but matching exactly Eastern examples in my collec-
tion under this name ; this species is either the most variable of all
Lepidoptera or else a good many more than one have been lumped under
the one name. This is the most Western record I know of.

Phalonia angulataiia, Rob. — One specimen; Regina, VI., 18. New
Western record, common in the Eastern States, and recorded from Texas.

Pyralid^.

Nomophi/a noctuel/a, Schiff. — One specimen ; Regina, IX., 5. Com-
mon in all known regions of the world.

April, 1905.

120 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Loxostege c/iorta/is, G\\.. — Six specimens ; Regina, VI., i8. Rather
common, wherever it is found, from North Atlantic States westward. A
dainty quaker-gray species, with fine rippling lines of a darker shade.

Pyrausta subvtedinlis, Gn. — Nine specimens; Regina, VIL, ii, to
VIII., II. Eight of typical light form, one very dark, lines almost
obsolete.

Fyrausia unifascia/is, Pack. — Three specimens; Calgary, VI., 6;
Macleod, VII. ,' 2; Saltcoats, (?) VII., 13. This is quite common through-
out the West, and is subject to a very wide range of variation, both in
size and colour, as the several synonyms indicate.

Pyrausta fodinalis, Led. — Three specimens; Macleod, VI., 28-VII.,
2 ; Calgary, VII., 6.

Pyrausta oc/iosulis, Dyar (not Fitch). — Two specimens ; Macleod,
VII., 3 ; Pine Creek, VII., 11. Recorded from Kaslo, by Dyar, and very
well represented by fig. 57, plate XLVIL, in Holland's Moth Book.

Loxostege sticticalis, Linn. — Twelve specimens ; Regina, VI., 8, to
VIII., 15 ; Calgary, VIL, 6 ; Abernethy, VI., 27 ; Indian Head, VI., 29.
This common species is found throughout the Middle Northwest.

Loxostege cominixtalis^ Walk. — Two specimens ; Regina, VI., 18,
very similar to preceding, but can be separated by the yellow outer
marginal line which widens into a narrow irregular fascia, and the presence
of numerous short horizontal black lines and dots.

Cornifrons simalis, Grt. — One specimen; Lethbridge, VIL, 11.
Recorded by Dyar, from Kalso, previous records Montana and Oregon.
I have a long series from Utah (Poling).

Scoparia centuriella, Schiff. — Three specimens ; Lethbridge, VIL, 11.
Pine Creek, VIL, 13 ; Calgary, VIIL, r.

Pyralisfarinalis, Linn. — One specimen; Lethbridge, VIL, 1 1. This
is the common Grain-moth treated of in all lists of injurious insects; it prob-
ably feeds on a number of roots and stored foods ; I have bred it from
dried Tulip and Crocus bulbs.

Crambus pinmbifimbrielius, Dyar. — Five specimens ; Lethbridge,
VIL, II.

Crambus perlellus, Scop. — Nine specimens ; Regina, Lethbridge,
Macleod and St. Albert, VIL, 3, to VIIL, 15. This pure pearly-white
Crambid is reported by Dr. Fletcher and Mr. Willing to occur in myriads,
every step through the grass of the prairie lands disturbing dozens. This
species is very often confounded with Tortrix argentana, Clerck, The

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 121

coloration and size of bolh are identical, and they can only be separated
by structural characters. The easiest to observe is the length of the palpi,
which in the Tortrix is hardly as long as the head, while in the Crambid
tiie palpi project forward between two and three times the length of the
head.

Crambus pascuellus, Linn. — Two specimens; Lethbridge, VII., ir.
I hav-e no Eastern or European examples of this species, it compares
exactly witli a long series from Verdi, Nev., (Vachell), and South Utah,
(Poling). Fernald states that the larvae feed on grass, and iiabitat from
Massachusetts to California and Europe.

Crambus trisectus, Walk. — Seven specimens ; Regina, VIII., 13.
Do not differ from a long series from Colorado (Nash), Manitoba ( Heath);
and other Western localities. Can be easily identified, as it is one of the
largest of the pale- or ashy-brown species without metallic ornamentation,
with two oblique darker brown lines parallel to outer margin, one about
middle of wing, the other between it and margin; these dark lines are
easily rubbed off, and while some specimens show only the costal half, in
others it is almost obliterated. Fernald's figure, in Crambidai of North
America, is as much unlike this species as it is possible to draw it.

Thaumatopsis Fernaldella, sp. nov. — Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen,
egs, and front wing, light ochreous-brown, or pale fawn-colour.

Front wing : A darker shade of brown along costa from base to
inner third.

A median white streak from base to end of cell, beginning at base as
a line and widening on its lower edge until it involves the whole width of
cell at its outer end. The lower edge of this streak overlaid with a line of
dark brown scales and a shade of lighter brown above the dark line.
Above the white streak is a brown shade from inner third to apex, inter-
rupted at end of cell, a thin, very dark line between this shade and the
white. Beyond end of cell the white streak is outlined by a brown shade
forming an abbreviated transverse fascia.

A narrow white sub-terminal fascia, overlaid with silvery-metallic
scales from dark shade to dor<^al margin, is bounded inwardly and out"
wardly by brown lines. Between end of cell and sub-terminal line, the
veins are white, vein vii. being most pronounced and the white line over
this vein is the one that interrupts and indents the brown shades above
median white streak. A short, oblicjue streak of brown on middle of
dorsal margin. On costa, before apex, a pale spot, and adjoining it

April, 1405.

122 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

towards base a slighter darker spot, both of which are the terminations of
faint, almost obsolete lines of these colours lying above dark median
shades. Seven dark purple or black dots on extreme outer margin, one
at end of each N'ein, the space between these dots and sub-terminal line,
ground colour, not crossed by white or brown lines. Cilia white, dotted
with fuscous, and with a narrow, silvery-white metallic line at its base,
through which runs a thin line of fuscous.

Hind wing : Above and beneath pale fuscous with a purplish
reflection, in some specimens nearly white towards base ; cilia white.
Under side front wing brownish-fuscous.

Antennfe pectinate in ^ . Expanse 23 to 31 mm.

Sixteen specimens ; Anglesea, N. J., June and September ; Key West,
Fla.; Las Cruces, N. M., (Cockerell 2071); Walter's St., Cal., April,
(J. B. Smith); Yellowstone Park, Wyo., July, (H. S. Burrison) ; Fort
Collins, Colo., August, (C. F. Baker) ; South Utah, July, (W. Barnes,
M. D.). Co-types U. S. Nat. Miis , No. 8218; collections of Prof Fernald,
and my collection.

The Key West specimen is the most strongly marked ; it differs from
all of the others in several particulars, notably : The transverse median
line is well defined and continued to dorsal margin, but interrupted
between each vein ; between the dorsal margin and median streak are a
number of white horizontal dashes and the sub-terminal line curves inward
to a greater degree, leaving a much wider space between it and termen.
This specimen is, therefore, included with a question mark.

Fernald's figure of T. edonis, Grt., very fairly represents the mark-
ings of the front wings of typical specimens, and I should have been
inclined to refer my specimens to Grote's species, but Prof. Fernald
assures me that they are not tlie same^ and \ take pleasure in bestowing
his name on this widely-distributed species.

I have specimens from Mr. Willing that are marked very much the
same as Fernaldeila, but the colours are ashy-gray, with no ochreous
shades, these may prove to be a distinct species, but I prefer to regard it
at present as a variety.

Thaumatopsis Fernaldella, var. nortella, van nov. — Palpi pale gray,
heavily speckled with dark purplish ; antennje same, pectinate in $ ; head
and thorax cinereous.

Fore wing : Ashy-gray, with median white streak and dark shades
same as Fernaldella, but latter much more intense, nearly black. The
transverse dark shade at end of cell is absent, and the white median streak

THE OANADIA.N ENTOMOLOGIST. 123

continues outward to termen, in a broad white shade. The sub-terminal
Hne is obsolete and the row of black dots .nearly so. Hind wings less
white and more vvhitish-puri)le or ashy-white.

Seven specimens ; Regina, VII., 20, to VIII., 13 ; Lethbridge, VII.,
11; Pincher, VII., 10. Co-types. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 8219; Mr.
Willing's collection and my coHection.

Ambesa latella, Grt. — Two specimens ; Regina, VII., 20.

Laoalamia fusca, Haw. — Three specimens ; Regina, VIII., 13.

Epischnia Boisduvaliella, Gn. — Four specimens; Regina, VI., 18 ;
Vin., 13, and IX., 2.

Hulstia undulatella, CI. — Four specimens; Lethbridge, VII., 11.

Homceosovia eledelluvi, Hulst. — One specimen ; Regina.. Bred from
larva on buds of Grindelia. Larva, IX., 19; issued X., 5. . Accompany-
ing this specimen is a very well preserved larva, and at the request of Dr.
Dyar I make the following brief description :

Length, 11 mm. Robust, cylindrical, thoracic segments tapering to
head. Diameter through abdominal segments, 2 mm.; width head, i mm.
The larva is very beautifully marked with five purple and four yellow
streaks from head to anal segment. The dorsal stripe is purple, one sub_
dorsal and one sub-spiracular on each side of the same colour. Between
these bands are yellow stripes of about half the width of the purple ;
doubtless the yellow of the dried larva was a dull or light green when
alive. Ventral region dull ochreous-yellow (also green naturally ?).

Head : Small, rounded, retracted, not outstretched, light chestnut
brown, mouth-parts and ocellic field dark brown and a horizontal black
streak caudad from latter on each lobe, ocelli pale Uiteous, raised like tiny
drops of dew. Antennae either very short or broken off of this specimen.
Clypeus high, sides straight, triangularly to a point at top of head. P. t.
shield large, chitinous, shining ochreous, with a posterior black line on
dd^sum, extending down on each side and enlarging into an ovate black
spot; narrowly surrounding this spot, except posteriorly, is a pale yellow
line. Thoracic feet very dark brown or black, short. Four pairs
abdominal and one pair anal feet, crochets well developed, in closed
circles, hooks brown. Anal shield small, hardly chitinous, cinereous.
Seta3 short. Tubercles : Abdommal segments : i. very slightly dorsad to
ii.; iii. dorsad and slightly caudad to spiracle ; iv. and v. ventrad to
spiracle, close together, vertical to each other, but not on same plate; vi-
and vii. in usual positions: Meso-thoracic segment; ia. & ib.; iia. & iib.

124 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Peoria approximella^ Walk. — One typical specimen; Regina, VII., 20.
I am indebted to Dr. Dyar for names of all Pliycits.

YPONOMEUTIDyE.

Choretitis extriticicelia, Dyar. — One specimen ; Regina, VI., 24.
Exactly the same as type, can be easily separated from any other species
of this genus, by the narrow white transverse line beyond base, and the
radiating white lines in outer quarter.

Gelechiid/e.

Gelechia variabilis, Busck. — One specimen ; Regina, VIII., 15.

Gelechia albispar sella, Cham. — Three specimens ; Lethbridge, VII.,
II.

Gelechia nigriinaculella, Busck. — One specimen ; Regina, VIII. ,23.

Gelechia ornatifimbf^ella, Clem. — One specinien ; Regina, VI., 18.

Gjiorimoscheina triocellella, Cham — Seven specimens ; Regina, V.,
15, to VI., 15.

Trichotaphe jtificidella, Clem. — One specimen; Regina, VIII., 15.

Ypsolophtis ligulellus, Hbn. — One specimen ; Regina, IX., 2.

CEcOPHORIDiE.

Depressaria argillacea, Wlsm. — One specimen ; Regina, IV., 29.

Semioscopsis i?iorfiata, Wlsm. — One ?; Red Deer, IV., 18. This
species has also been recently received from Mr. Heath and Mr. Criddle,
and fully bears out Dr. Dyar's conclusions {ante xxxiv., p. 319), that it is
distinct. It more nearly resembles a large gray Geometrid, and seems
much out of place in the Micro-Lepidop^era. I believe this is the first
record of capture since the original description. In Bui. 52, U. S. N. M.,
the locality is "unknown."

TiNEID.K.

Tineola bisselliella, Hum. — Two specimens ; Regina, VI., 7-8. The
common clothes moth.

Tinea croceoverticella, Cham. — Two specimens ; Regina, V., 29-VI.,
3, labelled " in house." I am not entirely certain of this identification.

Tinea i^ranella, Linn. — One specimen; Regina, VI., 15, Rather
badly broken, but the identification seems good.

Besides the above, there are two or three species that I cannot make
out at this time.

Since completing the above notes Mr. Willing has been good enough
to send me a large map of a part of the Nortliwest Territories, from which
I add the following to better identify the localities mentioned.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 125

Regina and Indian Head are in the Eastern part of Assiniboia, about
the middle of the great wheat belt.

Medicine Hat is in the Western end of the same Province.

Lethbridge, Macleod and Pincher are just above the United States
line in the Southern end of Alberta.

St. Albert is the Northern terminus of the Calgary and Strathcona
(Edmonton) branch of the C. P. R., and nearly the Northern end of
Alberta.

Pine Creek is in Alberta, between Macleod and St. Albert.

From the apparent to])ography, I assume all of the Assiniboia locali-
ties are in the great stretch of prairie land, which likely partially con-
tinues into the Eastern half of Alberta ; Pincher and Pine Creek are in the
lower foot-hills, and St. Albert in the vast forest and lake districts of the
Northwest.

THE GENUS VENUSIA AND ITS INCLUDED SPECIES.

BY RICHARD F. PEARSALL, BROOKLYN, N. Y.

1/ it were necessary to emphasize the need of revision^in the
Geometrina, the genus Venusia furnishes an excellent example. It was
established by Curtis, an English writer, in 1839, with cambrica, Curt., as
its type. Since that time, three additional species, According to Mr.
Meyrick, from New Zealand have been placed ui>j^r it. In our own
fauna, Dr. Hulst placed three species as its representatives — cambrica.
Curt., iotnpiaria, \A'alk., duodecimlineaia, Pq,ck. Cambrica, the type, has
a world-wide distribution. It flies in England, in Northern Europe, across
Northern Asia, in Japan, and in the north temperate zone of America.
Comptaria is found in Canada, the mountainous regions of New England
and New York, and along the^'Appalachian range as far south as Pennsyl-
vania and probably farther ; duodecim/ineata comes from northern Cali-
tornia, and with it, under this name, have been associated examples taken
in British Columbia; and another series found in the East, ranging from
the vicinity of §^V York City, southward into Pennsylvania and probably
into the hil^rcgions beyond. During many years collecting in the
Catskill Mountain region, I have never taken it there, while cambrica and
comptq/ia were abundant.

^^riefly, I will state that the chief distinguishing character of Venusia,

i^lie bipectinate antennae of the males. In the group I have mentioned,

fcambrica is the only species possessing this structure, and it is my opinion,

that here, as in Europe, it is the sole representative of its genus. Comp-

.\pril, lyoj.

12G THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

^

taria has the male antennpe filiform and strongly ciliate beneath, hence its
placets in the allied genus Euchoeca, Hiib., with which in other respects
it perfeJstly agrees. Duodeciinlineata was stated by Dr. Packard to have
pectinate\antenn;B (Monograph of Geometrid Moths, 1876, page 83),
where lie characterizes the genus Epirrhitn, Hiib., under which he places
it, but in his-description (page 84), he states merely that they are " well
ciliated." In both he was correct, but he failed to observe that his species
possessed that anomaly in construction, jinipectinate antennre, the single
row of pectinations beneath, being flanked on either side by a row of cilia,
and tipped with a fascicle of hairs, the apex being simple. For some
time I tried to convince myself that they should be called serrate, but
the pectinations are long and proceed from the centre of each
joint, and are not an enlargement of either end. This structure removes
it from Venusia, and necessitates the erection of a new genus, since, so
far as I am aware, none has been established to cover the requirements
found in its construction. I give it, therefore, a name, Nomenia, n. g.,
and the species will be kno\Vn as Nomenia duodecimlineata, Pack. It is
defined as follows :

Nomenia, n. g.

Palpi short, slender, scaled\ front rounded, smooth scaled ; tongue
developed ; antennte of rj uni])ectinate, pectinations tipped with a fascicle
of hairs, and on each side a row of cilia, apex simple, in ^ filiform simple,
thorax and abdomen untufted ; fore tibiae unarmed, hind tibiae with all
spurs in both sexes slender, without hair pencil in ^ ; fore wings, one
accessory cell, 12 veins, 3 and 4 se[)arate 6 and 7 from point ; hind wings
8 veins, 3 and 4 separate 6 and 7, long stemmed, 8 with cell to beyond
middle.

It seems strange that this species should have passed under the
hands of many able observers, and yet thatXthis Jlntennal feature should
have been unnoticed, and stranger still that the forms from British
Columbia, and^ from the East, with their simple ciliate antennae in the
males, should have been so long associated with it\ These latter are one
species, which belongs to the genus Euchoeca, HiiD., and is nameless.
The ground colour is paler, and, as is frequently theXcase, the Western
form is larger, but aside from this I can find no difference in structure or
markings. It will be known hereafter as \

Eucha'ca salienta, n. sp. — Of the same form with its c\)ngeners, the
ground colour of both wings above, i)ale ashen in Eastern, nearly white in
Western specimens, sparingly mixed with dark brown or black scales.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 205

MANITOBA MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

The following list of Micro-Lepidoptera taken in the Province of
Manitoba, is published for the purpose of recording the distribution of
species, as well as an incentive to the collectors of the locality to make
more than ordinary efforts to add to the number. The work that has
already been done is most gratifying, and compares very favourably with
local lists of many of the States, from which a great deal more would have
been expected. For instance, the number of Tortricids alone exceeds the
number credited to the State of New Jersey, in Prof John B. Smith's list
of 1899. But even in this family I have twenty-five or more additional
species which appear to be new, but that are not described at the present
time owing to the fact that most of them occur as only one or two speci-
mens of a kind, and oftentimes more or less rubbed. I am quite sure that
the work of another year or two will enable us to establish a list of Tortri-
cids from this one province alone of not less than two hundred and fifty
species. The same proportions will probably follow in the other families
embraced under this general head. Collectors must not forget that each
different manner of collecting produces results not found in any other
way. Daylight with net, sugaring and light at night, and most valuable,
breeding from the larvge, also different hours of the day must be worked.
Some species fiy only very early m the morning, others only at twilight ;
likewise different localities, such as the prairies, along streams, in thickets
and underbrush, and in the woods or forest, each will contribute some
species not found elsewhere. The proof of these remarks will be found in
the localities given in the lists below, regardless of how small the numbers
were. Each collector has secured species not found by some or any of
the others, showing the result of work along individual lines in favourite
spots or methods.

I take pleasure in acknowledging my indebtedness to the following
gentlemen for the privilege of studying and making record of their
captures, as well as for the many specimens they have generously
permitted me to retain :

Mr. E. Firmstone Heath has for several years sent me his captures,
all of which are recorded under the name Cartwright.

Mr. Norman Criddle has sent me a very large number of most
interesting species, all of them most beautifully and carefully expanded
His captures are recorded as Awevie.

June, 190J.

206 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

From Mr. A. T. Dennis, oi Beidah^'A. small but interesting lot.

Through your — I must say 02ir — well-beloved Dominion Entomolo-
gist-in-Chief, Dr. Jas. Fletcher, a very carefully prepared lot of specimens
from Mr. L. E. Marmont, recorded as from Rowithwaite.

Through the courtesy of Dr. H. G. Dyar, a small lot of unidentified
material from the National Museum, collected by Mr. A. W. Hanham,
under the localities Wiiinipeg and West Manitoba. Also a few
indifferent specimens collected by a couple of small boys at Wattsview
and Souris.

In regard to the identifications, I would say : In the Tortricids I am
entirely responsible for the names. The Pyralids have in a few cases been
directly identified by Prof. Fernald, the balance named from my own
collection, which, however, was also largely named by him. This also
applies to the Crambids. The Phycits have been largely determined by Dr.
Dyar. The Pterophorids I have worked out entirely by the synoptic
tables in Fernald's Monograph of this group, comparing where possible
with figures in Walsingliam's " Ptero. of Cal. and Ore." Some of these
names may have to be corrected, as synoptic tables at their best are very
far from perfect. In the Tineid families, those that have been named
have been identified by comparison with typical examples in my own and
the National Museum collection. Many species, however, yet remain to
be identified, and I purpose entering seriously into this work as soon as
I have got the Tortricids in fairly good order.

In brackets, after many of the species, I have added the localities
hitherto recorded, so far as I know them. A particularly noteworthy fact
of this list is, that the Manitoba fauna seems to' embrace species from
both the coast and foothill districts of the Pacific Slope, from Texas and
from the Eastern States, as well as a number of the European species that
are accredited to North America.

The descriptions of the new species of Tortricids will follow the
general list, with the hope that within the additional time permitted, more
specimens of some of them will have been received.

Exartevia olivaceanum, Fern. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VII,
23 to 27. Recorded from Eastern States.

Exartema atrodeniaimvi, Fern. — Aweme, VII, 23 ; Winnipeg.
(Ohio to Texas.)

Exartema inoniatanuni, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July ; Cartwright ;
Aweme, VII, 23. (Atlantic States.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 207

Olethreutes nimbatatia, Clem. — Cartvvright, VII, lo. This species
is scarcely separable from O. consangui?iana, Wlsm. The latter has a
more or less obsolete paler fascia through the middle of the dark basal
area, and is a little larger in size (No. Atl. States.)

Olethreutes capreana, Hbn. — Avveme, VII, 12 to 20 ; Cartwright ;
Rounthwaite, July.

■^^Olethreutes dimidiana, Lad&f. — Cartwright, one specimen, no date.
Agrees with all other American specimens in my collection from the
Atlantic States and as far west as Arkansas, but none of them agree with
European examples. Further study may warrant separation.

Olethreutes deceptana, Kearf — Aweme, VII, 24, to VIII, 8 ; Win-
nipeg.

Olethreutes hebesana, Walk. — Aweme, VI., 2. (Northern U. S.)

Olethreutes cyana?ia, Murtf. — Rounthwaite, June. (Penna. to
Kansas.)

'**'>JDlethreutes hemidesvia, Zell. — Rounthwaite, June. I hai^e bred this
species from larvje found in the beautiful pink flower heads of Spiraa
torfnentosa, during early July in New Jersey. (Maine to California.)

- Olethreutes duplex, Wlsm. — Aweme, VII, 12; Cartwright^ Winnipeg.
(Colorado.)

Olethreutes nubilana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July ; Cartvvright ; Win-
nipeg. This is the species that I incorrectly identified as O. vetulaua,
Wlsm., ante, p. 43. The two species seem very -much alike. I now
have a very long series of Eastern and Canadian specimens, all of which
agree with Clemens's type and description. I have only two rather badly
rubbed California specimens, and await perfect material from this latter
locality before deciding whether both species are good, or that vetulana
is a synonym. (Penna. to Wis.)

Olethreutes coruscana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July; Winnipeg;
Aweme, VIII, 9 and 15. This identification is subject to correction.
The Aweme specimens have white hind wings, reticulated with fuscous
around the edges, while the Rounthwaite specimen is darker than any
Eastern specimens I have. There seems to be a tendency for all four of
these allied species, chalybeana, Wlsm , coruscana, Clem., constellatana,
Zell., and major, Wlsm., to intergrade. (No. Atlantic States.)

Olethreutes instrutana, Clem. — Aweme, VII, 15 to 31 ; Beulah,
VII, 15 ; Cartwright. (No. Atlantic States.)

Olethreutes campestrana, Zell. — Rounthwaite, July; Beulah, VIII,
15 ; Cartwright; Aweme, VI, 27, to VII, 9. (No. All. Slates.)

208 . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Olethreutes fuscalbana, Zell. — Avveme, VI, 13, to VII, 22. (Maine
to Ohio.)

Okthreiites <:^laciana, Mschl. — CailwriglU, VII, i. (Ontario and
Labrador.)

Olethreutes dilutifuscana^ Wlsni. — Cartwright. (Oregon.)

Eucosma Morrisoni, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VI, 25 to
29 ; Beulah.

Eucosma Ridingsana, Rob. — Rounthwaite, July ; Beulah, VIII, i.
(Texas to Canada.)

Eucosma circu/ana, Hbn. — Rounthwaite, July ; Cartwright ; Souris.
. V -" Eucosma occipitana, Zell. — Beulah, VII, 15; Cartwright; Roun-

thwaite, July. Type from Texas, not since recorded.

Eucosma culminana, Wlsm.— Rounthwaite, July ; Beulah, VIII, 15;
Winnipeg. Most Eastern record.
\A«»i3r — Eucos7)ia passera?ia,\N\sm. — Aweme, VI, 27. Type from California,

, not since recorded.
,- V Eucosma vertumnana, Zell. — Rounthwaite, June; Aweme, VIII,

8. (New York and Texas.)

Eucosma nisella, Clerck. — Rounthwaite, August. I retain this name
for the present, but am not convinced that the European and American
species are the same.

Eucosma abbreviatana, Wlsm. — Aweme, V, 21, to VI, 6. (Mass.
to D. C.)
^ Eucosma solicit ana. Walk. — Avveme, VI, 16. (No. Atl. States.)

Eucosma iliotana, Wlsm. — Aweme, VI, 15 to 25 ; Cartwright.
(Oregon.)

Eucosma Scudderiana, Clem. — Aweme, VI, 18. (No. Atl. States.)

Eucosma dorsisignatana, Clem. — Aweme, VIII, 15 to 22 ; Cart-
wright. (Eastern States.)

Eucosma confluana, Kearf. — Aweme, VIII, 12.

Eucosma graduaiana, Wlsm. — Aweme, V, 31. In Dyar's Catalogue,
as well as in Fernald's Catalogue*, graduatana is made a synonym of
dorsisignatana. The Aweme specimen is very close to Walsingham's
figure and description, the hind wings are rust-red, the shape and size of
spots on fore wing are similar, the specimen is little more than half the
size of the latter, and it occurs in May, while dorsisignatana is a late
summer or fall species. If Walsingham's figure is a fair representation of

*Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, X., p. 42, 1882.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 209

his type, I have no doubt that this Aweme specimen is his species, and also
that it is most decidedly distinct from dorsisignatana. Type from Texas.
.■ Eucosma glomerann, Wlsni. — Aweme, July- Type from Texas, not
since recorded.

Eucosvia corosana, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, July; Beulah, Vll, 15.
Type from Montana, and not since recorded.

Eucosma j'uncticiliana, Wlsm. — Aweme, VII, 26, to VIII, 15.
(Northern U. S.)

Eucosma argentialbajia^ Wlsm. — Beulah, VII, 15; Aweme, VI, 6,
to VI., 29 ; Rounthwaite, July. (Texas.)

Pseudogalleria inimicella, Zell. — Aweme, VI, 16 ; Beulah. New
Western and Northern record for this species.

Thiodia striata7ia, Clem. — Rounthwaite, June. (Atlantic States.)

Thiodia dorsiatotnana, Kearf. — West Manitoba.

Thiodia paliidicostana, Wlsm. — Aweme, VI, 16, to VII, 27; Beulah,
.. yil, 15 ; Winnipeg ; Cartwright.
TuCtl Thiodia ienuiatia, Wlsm. — Aweme, VI, 16. Rounthwaite, June.

Thiodia triangulana, Kearf — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VI, 29.

Thiodia infimbriaiia, Dyar. — Aweme, VIII, 13 ; Cartwright ; Roun-
thwaite, July ; Winnipeg.

Thiodia refusann, VValk. — Rounthwaite, May; Aweme, V, 20 to 27.
(To be continued.)

NEW SPECIES OF PHLEPSIUS AND RELATED GENERA.

(HOMOPTERA).

BY E. D. BALL, UTAH AG. COLL., LOGAN.

Phlepsius Slossoni, n. sp. — Form and general appearance of lipptilus
nearly, slightly larger and darker, with a much longer, flatter vertex.
Length, 6 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Vertex slightly acutely angled, thj^^apex truncate, nearly twice longer
on middle than against eyes, the.,dT^c concave, anterior margin sharp and
broadly foliaceous, the line^bcfween this foliaceous margin and the front
proper being sharply njiwlced. Front slightly convex, evenly narrowing to
the apically expanded'^clypeus. Elytra moderately long, appressed behind
the middle, the^afiices slightly flaring. Venation obscure.

Colour j;.''"Vertex pale fulvous and brown, a narrow median line to just
before tlw'hiiddle forks at right angles, and finally slightly reflexed, black,
a wed^shaped mark from the apex back to this fork, the lateral margins
and Dasal angles ivory white. The apical wedge is black-margined, and
the lateral margins have a few slender wavy lines of black extending into

June, iqo5.

210 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

them. Pronotiim cinereous or brownish, sprinkled with h"ght dots, and
crossed by three transverse light bands, the anterior one broad and
equidistant from the median one and margin, the posterior one marginal.
Scutellum with the anterior half cinereous brownish, and the posterior half
lighter. Elytra ivory white, closely dotted with brownish fuscous, omitting
three irregular bands of light, the anterior one broad and marked with a
few reticulated lines, the other two narrower and more irregular. A black
dot at the apex of each claval and apical nervure. Face finely dotted with
brownish fuscous, an ivory mark above.

Genitalia : female segment short, very slightly produced with a faint
median notch.

Described from a single female from Biscayne Bay, Fla. Received
from Mrs. Annie T. Slosson, in whose honour it is named. This and the
following species belong in a group with lippulus in colour marking, but
are quite distinct structurally.

Phlepsins fastuosus, n. sp. — Form and general appearance of
S/ossoni nearly, but much stouter, and with a shorter, broader vertex.
Length, 7.5 mm.; width, 2.75 mm.

Vertex distinctly obtusely angular, the apex blunt and rounding,
nearly twice longer on middle than against eye, where it is very narrow,
disc flat, anterior margin thin, very slightly foliaceous, especially at apex.
Front broad, slightly convex, lateral margin rounding to clypeus.

Colour : vertex brownish cinereous, a cross on the apex; the lateral
margins and a few dots on the disc ivory white. Face irregularly dotted
with brownish cinereous, omitting a light spot above. Pronotum brownish
cinereous, dotted and irregularly irrorate with ivory white. Elytra milky
white, irregularly marked with fine reticulations and small dots of
brownish fuscous. The dots are mostly arranged in two bands, one
rather narrow and definite across the posterior third of the clavus, and the
other broader and less distinct, occupying the whole apex behind the
clavus, the anterior band becoming black along the suture, and fading out
before reaching the costa.

Genitalia : female segment rather long, posterior margin truncate,
the median two-thirds angularly produced, elevated and slightly notched
at the apex. A pair of black spots outside the apical lobes.

Described from a single female from U. S. Nat. Museum. Collection
taken at Las Vegas, N. Mex., June 8th, by Barber and Schwarz.

Phlepsins nigrifrons, n. sp. — Form of denudatus nearly, but laiger.
Resembling Vanduzei in general appearance, but slightly shorter and
stouter. Length, 7 mm.] width, 2.75 mm.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 253

MANITOBA MICRO LEPIDOPTERA.

RY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 208.)

Exentera apriliana, Giote. — Awenie, IV, 30, to V, 21; Beulah.
Thirteen specimens. Tiiis is a particularly interesting ca])ture. Grote's
description* is remarkably brief, and his generic description, occurring on
the same page, is misleading on account of an error. He states : "■ Hind
wings 7-veined, 5 wanting." I know of no Tortricid genus in which 5 is
absent ; frequently 3 and 4 are coincident or stalked for their entire
length, but even this is not the case in any one of these specimens; 3 and
4 are stalked from a quarter to a half. Prof C. H. Fernald kindly
examined his type specimen, given him by Grote, and advises that in this
specimen, which is a female, veins 3 and 4 are stalked for half' their
length, vein 5 present, bent strongly towards base, and arising close to
origin of 3 + 4. It is exceedingly doubtful that Grote's genus will stand.
The specimens are dark grayish-fuscous, almost immaculate, but with
more or less obsolete-darker, narrower fascia from middle of costa to
angle, and the basal area defined by an oblique line rising out of dorsum
at inner quarter, but lost above middle of wing. Hind wings pale gray.
Expanse 15. to 20. mm. Fore-wings narrow and outer margin rounded,
not indented.

Proteopteryx Columbia, Kearf. — Aweme, VII, 14. One specimen,
agreeing with the type of the darkest form.

Epinotia incarnana. Haw. — Aweme, VII, 31. (Europe and Cali-
fornia.)

Epinotia fasciolana, Clem. — .'\weme, VI, 6 to 10 ; Beulah. (Maine
to Penna.)

Epinotia liturana, Wlsm. — Carlwright. Type from California, not
since recorded.

— Epinotia imbridana. Fern. — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VI, 9, to
VIII, 12. This has been a MS. name for many years. Dr. Fernald
promises to have the descrijjtion in print before this appears.

Epinotia pseudoisu<^ana, Kearf — Rounthwaite, Aug.

Epinotia lindana, Fern. — Rounthwaite, Aug. (Canada, Mass.)

Ancylis //ledio/asciana, Clem.— Aweme, VI, 6 ; Beulah, VIII, 15;
Winnipeg. (No. Atlantic States.;

Ancy/is nubeculana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, Aug. (No. .Atlantic
States.)

Ancylis laciniana, Zell. — Rounthwaite, June ; Aweme, VI, 16 to 25.
(Type from Mass.)

*Can. Ent., IX, 227, 1877.

July, 1905.

254 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Alley Us coDiptana, Froel. — Awcme, V, 21. Sui)[)Ostd to be the same
as the European strawberry leaf-roller and pest.

Ancylis diibiana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, June. (Type from Virginia.)
- — Ancylis augulifasciana, Zell. — Rounthwaite, Aug.; Aweme, V, 21, to
VI, 14. (Maine to Ohio.)

Ancylis plagosana, Clem. — Aweme, V, 21 1029; Beulah. Described
from specimens collected in Labrador, not recorded since ; a most inter-
esting new record.

'Ancylis diminuaiana, Kearf. — Aweme, V, 21 ; Winnipeg.
- Enarmonia prunivora, Walsh. — Aweme, VII, 6. (Missouri to
Minnesota.)

Enarmonia lautana, Clem. — Aweme, IV, 29, and V, i. (Virginia
and Texas.)

Enarmonia i^allcesaliciana, Riley. — Aweme, VI, 6 and 25 ; Roun-
thwaite, June and August. (New York to Texas.)

—Enarmonia nigricana, Steph.— Rounthwaite, June. This is the
species, the larvae of which are sometimes quite injurious to cultivated
peas, common to Euroi)e, and supposed to have been introduced into
America.

•Hemimetie simulana, Clem. — Aweme, VII, 25. (Atlantic States.)
-'^Acleris ?iivisellana, Wlsm. — ^ Aweme, IV, 30, to V, 14. (Maine to
California.)

'Acleris simpUciana, Wlsm. — Aweme, VI, 10, and X, 12. (New
Hampshire and Oregon.)

— yicleris pulverosana, Walk. — Beulah, May and July. Type from
Hudson's Bay, not since recorded.

Acleris hastiana, Linn.? — 1 have, not only from Manitoba, but from
all parts of North America, several hundred specimens, representing the
most diverse and bizarre varieties, that may finally find lodgment under
this name. I have also a number of European specimens representing a
number of varieties. I do not feel able, at this time, to pass judg-
ment on the species, and the only way the question will ever be satisfac-
torily solved will be by extensive breeding and inbreeding. So far as I
know, none of the species of this genus are borers in stems or roots, all
leaf tyers and crumplers, hence for any one with the time and opportunity,
extensive breeding operations are not diflicult, Meyrick gives the
European food-plant as '' Scrlix" (willow). I have bred several of the
so-called varieties from huckleberry.

Epagoge sul/nreana, Clem. — Beulah, VII, 15; Rounthwaite, July.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. • 255

The very pale canary yellow form, with the oblique lines reduced to three
or four red dots, hind wings paie fuscous. (Atlantic States.)

Cenopis reticulatana, C\txti. — Aweme, VII, 27, to VIII, 12; Cart-
wright, VIII, 12 to 28; Rounthwaite, July. (Atlantic and Southern
States.)

Cenopis Pettitana, Rob. — Cartwright, VII, 22, to VIII, 14. (Atlantic
States.)

■Sparganoihis senecionana, Wlsm. — Cartwright, VIII, 8. (California
and Oregon.)

-- Sparganoihis irrorea, Rob. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VII, 9.
(Maine to Colorado.)

■ Sparganathis breviornatana, Clem. — Winnipeg. I have long series,
both male and female, of this species, as well as S. xanthoides, Walk., and
can see no reason for uniting them.

Sparganoihis puriiana, Rob. — Rounthvvaite July. (No. .Atlantic
States.)

Sparganoihis voraridorsana, Kearf — Aweme, VII, 10; Winnipeg;
Rounthwaite, July.

■ Archips rosaceana, Harris. — Aweme, 16 males and no females, VII,
I, to VII, 27; Cartwright, both sexes; Rounthwaite, July. (Northern
United States.)

Archips purpnrana, Clem. — Aweme, VII, 27 to 27. (No. Atlantic
States.)

Archips cerasivorana, Fitch. — Cartwright, VIII, 4, to IX, 8. (North-
ern U. S. and California.)

Archips semiferana, Walk.— Rounthwaite, July. (Atlantic States to
Colorado.)

-Archips fervidana, Clem. — Criddle, VIII, 3 and 12 ; Beulah, VII,
15, to VIII, 15. (No. Atlantic States.)

■Archips fractiviiiana, Clem. — Winnipeg. One specimen, paler
yellow than eastern examples, the oblique brown band almost obsolete,
and represented only by a small dot on costa, a larger blotch at anal angle,
and a medium size spot midway between them. (So. Atlantic States
and Ohio.)

-^Archips ajpfticiana, Walk.— Winnipeg, V, 17. (Northern States and
California.)

~ Archips virescana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July. (Common all over
North America.)

Archips glaucana, Wlsrn. — Aweme, VII, 23 to 31; Beulah, VI [, 15.
Described from So. Oregon, not since recorded.

256 , THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Archips C/emensiana, Fern. Rounthwaite, Aug. (Maine to Wis-
consin.)

■ Arc/lips persiccimi, Fitch. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VI, 25, to

VII, 12 ; Cartwright, VII, 1 1. (North Atlantic States and Canada.)
Platynoia setitana, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VII, 2 to

12. (Maine to Texas.)

Pandemis Cajiadana, Kearf. — Aweme, VIII, 2 to 13 ; Cartwright,

VIII, 5 to 14; West Manitoba.

Tortrix Ailefna7ia,¥trn.— Ca.r\.v/\\gh\.,W, 28, to VIII, 4; Aweme,

VII, 9 to 23 ; Rounthwaite, July.

Tortrix lata, Rob. — Aweme, VII, 15, to VIII, 15; Winnipeg; Roun-
thwaite, June. Since writing the note, which appeared on page 93, atite, on
T. pallor ana., Rob., I have had the opportunity of examining specimens of
both these species, as identified by Prof. Fernald, and while I am not
convinced that there is more than one species, would, for the present,
place those from Aweme, as well as those collected by Mr. Willing, under
lata. The coloration of both are of much the same shades, and individual
variation connect the two series, and the only good difference is that the
fore wings oi lata are broader in proportion to their length than pallorana;
the termen of the latter is more oblique.

Tortrix albicomana, Clem, — Rounthwaite, July, the intermediate
yellow form.

Tortrix quercifoliana, Fitch. — Aweme, VII, 9 to 26. (New York to
Texas.)

Tortrix peritana, Clem. — Aweme, VII, 21 to 28. (Atlantic States.)

Tortrix conflictana, Walk. — Aweme, VI, 18, Cartwright. (No.
Atlantic States.)

Tortrix horariana, ^Vlsm. — Winnipeg. Type from Oregon, and not
since recorded.

Eulia quadrifasciana. Fern. — Cartwright. (No. Atlantic States.)

Eulia triferana, Walk. Aweme, VI, 16; Beulah. (Atlantic States.)

Phaloiiia V itell iiiana, ZtW. — Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VI, 14 to
25 ; Cartwright. (Maine to Mass.)

Phalonia angustana, Clem, {^roiiiptana, Rob.) — Beulah, VIII.. 15.
(Penna, and Texas.)

Phalonia angulata/ia. Rob. — Rounthwaite, June ; Aweme, VII, 29 ;
Winnipeg, VI, 18. (Penna. and Texas.)

Phalonia Smeathmanniatia, Fab.?— Rounthwaite, June. Name sub-
ject to correction. (Europe, Maine and California.)

Phalonia bunteana, Rob. — Rounthwaite, July. (Atlantic States.)

Phalonia a;notherana, Riley. — Rounthwaite, Aug. ; Aweme, VI, 8,

VIII, 3, and X, 13. (Atlantic States )

- Hysterosia inopiana, Haw. — Rounthwaite, June and July ; Aweme,
yil, 2 ; Beulah, VIII, 15 : Cartwright. (Europe and Northern United
States.) (To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 293

MANITOBA MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 256.)

Pyralidina.

D'lastictis ar^yrnlis, Hbn. — Beulah, IX, 14.

Nomophila noctuella, Schiff.— Cartvvright.

Loxostege chortalis, Grt. — Aweme, VI, 6, to VI, 19 ; Souris.

Loxosiege siicticalts, Linn. — Aweme, VII, i ; Souris; Wattsview.

Diasemia p/umbosignalis, Fern. — Aweme, VII, 21 to 27 ; Cartwright.

Perispasta cceculalis, Zell. — Cartwright; Aweme, VI, 16 to 25.

Phiyctcstiia ferrjigalis, Hbn. — Cartwright.

Phlyctcenia itysalis,\<!?\V. — Cartwright, VII, 18.

Phlyctcenia tertialis, Gn.— Aweme, VI, 9 to 25 ; Cartwright.

Pyrausta fodinalis, Led. — Aweme, VII, 7 to 28 ; Souris.

Pyrausta tmifascialis, Pack. — Beulah, VII, 15.

Pyrausta submediaiis, Grt. — Rounthwaite, July.

Pyrausta perrubraiis, Pack. — Aweme, VII, 28 and 29; Beulah, VII,
15 ; Rounthwaite, July.

Pyrausta ochosalis, Dyar. — Avveme, VI, 16, to VII, 2 ; Beulah;
Cartwright, VI, 9.

Pyrausta signatalis, Walk. — Rounthwaite, June.

Pyrausta nica/is, Grt. — Aweme, VI, 13, to VIII, 15; Cartwright,
VIII, 12.

Nymp/mla aUioneaUj,, Walk. — Rounthwaite, July.

Nymphula maculalis, Clem. — Cartvvright.

Nyviphula badiusaiis, Walk. — Cartwright.

Sc/ioenobius sordidillus, Zinck. — Rounthwaite, July.

Schcenobius nnipuuctel/us, Rob. — Cartwright.

Schoenobius mellinellus, C'lem. , and var. albicostellus, Fern. — Cart-
wright, VII, 6.

Schcenobius Clemensellus, Rob. — Cartwright.

Crambus perlellus. Scop. — Cartwright.

Crambus pascuellus, Linn. — Rounthvvaite, June.

Crambus coloradel/us, Fern. — Aweme, VII, 22 ; Beulah, VII, 15.

Crambus murellus, Dyar. — Rounthvvaite, July.

Crambus mutabi/is, Clem. — Cartwright.

Crambtis ca/iginoseilus, Clem. — Cartvvright.

Crambus luteolellus, Clem. — Beulah, VIII, 15.

August, 1905

294 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

13-

Crambus prafeciellus, Zinck, — Cartwright.

Cratnbiis trisectiis, Walk.— Beulah, VIII, 15.

T/iauffiatopsis fioriella, Kearf. — Rounthwaite, June.

C/iilo compiulatci/ls, Hulst. — Cartwright ; Rounthwaite, July.

Diatrcea idalis, Fern. — Cartwright.

Argyria auratella, Clem.— Aweme, VII, 31.

Tioga aplastella, Hulst. — Aweme, VI, 31.

Wanda baptisie/la. Fern. — Rounthwaite, July.

Myelois obnupsella, Hulst. — Aweme, VI, 10.

Myelois corfiiella, Rag. — Aweme, VIII, 14 and 16.

Acrobasis cnrya, Grt. — Cartwright.

Mijieola tricolor ella, Grt. — Cartwright.

Ambesa Ice.tella, Grt.— Cartwright.

Meroptera pravella, Grt. — Cartwright.

Salebria basilar is, Zell. — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VI, 16 and

Salebria carneella, Hulst. — Aweme, VI, 16 and 18.

Myrhva delassalis, Hulst. — Cartwright, VII, 10.

Laodamia/usca, Haw. — Aweme, VII, 22 ; Rounthwaite, June.

EpiscJmia albiplagiatella. Pack.— Beulah, VII, 14.

Episc/mia Boisduvaiiella, Gr\. — Beulah, VIII, 15.

Megasis atrella, Hulst.— Cartwright ; Rounthwaite, May.

Sarata perfuscalis. Hulst. — Beulah, V, 18.

Hulst ia widulatella, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July ; Cartwright, VIII,

Homoeoso7na imcanale, Hulst. — Aweme, VI, 29 ; Cartwright.

Peoria approximella, Walk. — Aweme, VI, 16, to VI, 23 ; Beulah,
VII, 15, to VIII, 15 ; Rounthwaite, July.

Oxyptilus tenuidactylus, Fitch. — Rounthwaite, July.

Platyptilia cosmodactyla, Hbn.- — Rounthwaite, May.

Platyptilia percnodactyla, Wlsm. — Aweme, X, 2.

Platyptilia albidorsella, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, May.

Platyptilia petrodactyla. Walk. — Rounthwaite, July.

Alucita Belfragei, Fish. — Rounthwaite, July.

Alucita citierascens, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, July.

Pterophorus homodactylus, Walk. — Rounthwaite, July.

Pterophorus Brticei, Fern. — Aweme, VI, 16, to VIII, 4; Beulah, VII,
15, to VIII, 15.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 295

Pterophorui sulphtireodadylns^ Pack. — Rounthvvaite, July.
Pterophorus paleaceus, Zell. — A\Veme, VI, 28.
Pterophorus Baroni, Fish. — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VIII, 3.
Orneodes hexadactyla, Linn. — Aweme, V, 29.

TiNEINA.

Harpipteryx canariella, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, July ; Cartwright ;
Aweme, VII, 31.

Harpipteryx frustella, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, July; Cartwright.
Trachoma instabilella, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, April.
Plutella maculipetmis, Curt. — Rounthwaite, Sept.; Aweme, V, 25-28.
Telphusa quinquecristatella., Cham. — Aweme, VI, 6.
Aristotelia fungivorella, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July.
Recurvaria quercivorella, Cham. — Aweme, IV, 21, to V, 31.
Recurvaria obliquesirigella, Cham. — Aweme, V, i to 28.
Gnorimoschetna gallaasteriella, Kell. — Rounthwaite, July; Beulah,
VIII, 15 ; Aweme, X, 23.

Aprocerema nigratomella, Clem. — Aweme, VI, 25.
Anacampsis tristrigella, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, Aug.
Anacampsis niveoptilveila, Cham. — Aweme, VII, 23 to 31.
Gelechia lugubrella, Fabr. — ^ Aweme, VI, 7 to 14, VII, 31.
Gelechia dentella, Busck. — Aweme, VI, 6 to 25.
Gelechia grisella, Cham. — Aweme, IV, 18- V, i-VI, 8-VII, 31 and
X, 22. Agrees with Chambers' brief description, Ante IV, 171, 1872.
Mr, Busck, in his revision of the Gelechiid family, places this species
among those of which the types are missing, and no authentic examples
are in existence. The specimens agree exactly in venation and structure
with Busck's definition of the genus Gelechia. The species should follow
discoocellella, Chamb., in the list.

Gelechia variabilis, Busck.— Rounthwaite, July; Beulah, VIII, 15.
Gelechia ornatifiinbriella, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VI,
16, to VII, 9.

Gelechia ?iigrimaculella, Busck. — Rounthwaite, Aug.; Aweme, VI,
6 to 16.

Gelechia psetidoacaciella, ChaiiV — Beulah.
Gelechia mediofuscella, Clem. — Aweme, IV, 8, to VI, 8.
Trichotaphe /iai'ocostella, Clem.- -Cartwright.
Trichotaphe purpureofusca, Wlsm. — ^Rounthwaite, July.

296 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Trichotaphe setoselhi., Clem. — Rounthwaite, Aug.; Aweme, VI, 8.

Ypsolophiis Hguhllus, Hbn. — Rounthwaite, Sept.; Aweme, V, 23 to
VI, 3, and X, 13.

Depressaria ariiicella, Wlsni.^^Caitwright ; Aweme, IV, 24.

Depressaria argil/acea, Wlsm, — Aweme, IV, 14, to V, 2.

Depressaria Jiovwiundi, Wlsm. — Aweme, VI, 27.

Depressaria psoraliella, Wlsm, — Rounthwaite, Aug.

Depressaria sabu/ei/a, Wlsm. — Beulah, VI, 15.

Depressaria Canadensis, Busck. — -Rounthwaite, Aug.; Cartwright,
IV, II to 17, and X, 1 1.

Semioscopsis aurorella, Dyar. — Aweme, IV, 16. One specimen
identical with " Topotype " from Mr. Merrick.

Semioscopsis Merricceiia, Dyar. — Aweme, V, 2 to 16. Two specimens
very close to Dyar's type.

Semioscopsis i?iornata, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, April ; Cartwright.

Eihmia fuscipedelia, Wlsm. — Rounthwaite, June ; Cartwright.

Borkhausenia psetidosprete/la, Staint. — Aweme, V, 16 to 31 ; Cart-
wright, X, 30 ; Beulah.

Holcocera modestel/a, Clem. — -Rounthwaite, July; Aweme, VI, 16 to 25.

Scythris impositelia, Zell. — Rounthwaite, July.

Walshia amorphei/a, Clem. — Rounthwaite, July ; Beulah, VII, 15.

Gracilaria elongelia, Linn. — Aweme, V, 10 to 15.

Gracilaria stigmatella, P'abr. — Aweme, V, 27 ; Cartwright, XI, i.

Argyresthia andereggielia, Dup. — Rounthwaite, July ; Aweme, VII,

31-

Tineola bissel/iel/a, Hum. — Aweme, IV, 19.

Monopis biflavimacnlella, Clem.— Rounthwaite, Aug.; Cartwright ;
Aweme, V, 29, to VI, 16.

Monopis mo?iachella, Hbn. — Cartwright; Aweme, VI, 16.

Amydrya effrenatella, Clem. — Cartwright.

Adela purpura, Walk. — Aweme, IV, 25,toV, 20.

I have between thirty and forty additional species of Tineina, which
I hope to be able to work up and record in a supplementary article early
next year. Owing to space limitations, it has been thought best to pub-
lish the new species of the Tortricida in the proceedings of the U. S.
Natl. Museum, Due notice will be given when this appears, so that
copies may readily be obtained by any one interested, either from the
Museum direct or from me.

Bulletin A. M. N. H.

Vol. XXIII, Plate VIII.

ti 1§

n

il %^»^'

14

E.L.Beutenmulltr

17

r^T^

New Spkciks of Micholepidoptera.

59.57.82(75.6)

Article VIII.— MICROLEPIDOPTERA FROM THE BLACK

MOUNTAIN REGION OF NORTH CAROLINA, WITH

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.

By W. D. KE.\RForT.
Plate VIII.

The material forming the subject of this paper was collected in the
Black JNlountain region, Buncombe Co., North Carolina, by Mr. W^m.
Beutenmiiller, during the several expeditions he has made to this interest-
ing region under the auspices of the late Dean Hoffman, afterwards con-
tinued by his son INIr. Samuel V. Hoffman.

Altogether more than 140 species of microlepedoptera have already
been determined, which number will be increased when all of the material
is worked up. A complete list will appear in Mr. Beutenniiiller's report;
in the following pages reference is only made to the species supposedly
new to science and to such others as have been bred or on which compara-
tive notes are thought necessary.

The opportunity has been taken to figure five species, nos. 6, 7, 14, 16,
and 18, not very well known, and which have not been figured before in
this country.

I am indebted to Mrs. Beutenmiiller for the easily recognized drawings,
reproduced on the plate, and also for many of the larvae which she took
much interest in collecting. I have also to acknowledge the help of Dr.
Dyar in identifying several Phycits and the assistance of Mr. Busck with
several of the Gelechids.

Cotypes of all of the new species are deposited in the Collections of the
American Museum of Natural History, and in my collection.

Pyrausta fissalis Grofe.

Two specimens, one bred from larva on leaves of sassafras and one on
goldenrod; received May 28 and June 1; in pupa June 8; issued June 21,
Larva 28 to 30 mm. long, cylindrical, tapering very much to each end;
grayish yellow, shining, tubercular plates large, shining, stained with brown
around the edges, ia and ib joined in shape of figure 8. Head and P. T.
shield pale brown. Pupated in slight web in crum])led leaves. Pupa
very dark brown.

153

154 Bulletin American Museum oj Natural History. [Vol. XXIII,

Pyrausta seglealis Walker.

One spec'men, bred from larva on butternut, received June 15, issued
July 16.

Larva shining, wet looking, semitransparent, pale yellow, brownish
red dorsally on segments 3 to middle. Head small, triangular, pale brown,
mottled with darker brown. P. T. shield same, with large dark brown
patches on either side of dorsal line, on posterior edge, extending down to
spiracles and forming a distinct collar. Dorsal tubercles on metathoracic
segment on large brown plates. Lateral plates on segments 4, 5, and 6
also large and much darker than skin; other plates large but concolorous.

Folds leaf into large cell or cavity; frass not ejected, but compressed
into a large moist mass.

Pyrausta signatalis Walher'i

One specimen, Valley, June 26. All other specimens I have seen of
Walker's species are a uniform shade of pink. This specimen is heavily
shaded with reddish brown, with a broad ciliate ochreous band; the white
transverse lines are, however, exactly like typical examples.

Acrobasis caryivorella Ragonof.

Four specimens bred from larva? in cases between the leaves of alder;
one received May 18 had already pupated; others received June 8, pupated
a few days later. Moths issued June 22 to 29. Larva leathery, dark gray
or greenish black. Head reddish-brown, P. T. shield ochreous brown,
both head and shield very rough, their surface seeming to be covered with
minute globules; on mesothoracic segment tubercle ib is on a large black
and red chitinous plate. Larval case of grains of black trass and silk,
serpentine in .'hape when of small diameter, but becoming straighter or
cornucopia like when the larva is mature. Cocoon formed by spinning
a rounded cover over the end of the case, or sometimes between two leaves.
A large Hymenopterous parasite was bred from one larva.

Acrobasis kearfottella Dijar.

One specimen, bred from larva in case between leaves of hickory, received
May 28.

Larva with skin of leathery brown texture. Case of grayish white silk
with an occasional grain of grass, somewhat flattened, its small diameter
serpentine, enlarging into a chamlier 20 mm. long by 6 mm. wide by 4 mm.
thick. Pupa in cocoon spun in the large outer end of the case.

1907.] Kcarjott, Micwlcpidoplcra jrom the Black Mouittuina, N. C, 155

Salebria contatella Orote.

Two specimens bred from larviie on locust, received May 28 and June
6. Moths issued July 4 and 7. ^Mature larva agrees with description by
Packard, p. 361, Fifth Re])ort of Entomological Commission; but just
before pupating the green becomes dull red. Cocoon, flattened oval, ^pun
among debris at bottom of breeding jar.

Platyptilia Carolina sp. nov.
Plate VIII, Fig. 17.

Expanse 22 to 25 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax and fore wing clay yellow. The fore wing is minutely dotted
with a darker shade and the costa from inner third to outer fourth is dusted with
blackish scales. There is a dark brown dot below costa, about a third from base,
and another on lower lobe just within and below inner end of cleft; on the apex of
the second lobe is a similar spot. There is a preciliate line of blackish brown on the
termens of each lobe; a paler line separates another but less dark line from the long
scales of the cilia, which are pale purplish fuscous. The hind wing is the same
color as the fore wing but with a faint pinkish tinge, with brownish lines before the
cilia, and a tiny black dot near outer end of cilia of third lobe. The body is .shaded
with brown posteriorly and on the sides, with a few whitish scales in the lateral tufts.
Legs bleached .straw color, dusted with brown.

I have a darker specimen, where the ground color is more thickly pow-
dered with brown, and all of the dark lines and spots are accentuated.
This specimen shows a tiny brown dot at the base of the first lobe, just
above the dot on the second lobe; the hind margin cilia are also mixed
with black scales on the outer half. Three specimens, "Valley," May 27
to June 26.

^ Exartema hippo castanum sp. nov.
Plate VIII, Fig. 2.

Expanse 21 to 22 mm.

Head olivaceous brown in which are mixed blackish brown scales, face cream
color. Palpi cream color, outside of tuft on second joint stained with blackish
fuscous on inner half of upper edge and the lower outer end of tuft; apical joint
black with a tiny whitish dot on extreme apex. Antennte fuscous, paler within.
Thorax pinkish brown in front, gray in the middle divided by a black line, behind
which are pink scales tipped with white; the tuft is of long fuscous scales tipped
with pink, and with several white scales in.serted; patagia fuscous and pink with
lateral scales white. Abdomen, first joint white, others fuscous on upper side,
white on sides, ochreous white beneath, tuft ochreous.

Fore wing with the usual Exartema scroll-work. The inner fascia transversely

156 Bulletin Aiticrican MuKeum of Natural History. [Vol. XXIII,

across wing at inner fourth on costa to inner third on dorsal margin, divided into
two parts by a narrow broken line of brown, and each side is divided by a leaden
metallic blue line; its inner edge is deeply excavated for more than half its length
in the middle, the outer edge sends an oblique spur through middle of cell and is
indented a quarter above dorsum. The outer fascia begins on costa a little beyond
middle in the form of two outwardly oblique costal dashes, which run into a flattened
ovate patch over end of cell, which sends out two spurs at right angles to each other,
one to the anal angle and one to dorsum at about two-thirds from base; the latter
sends a short spur obliquely upward at about the middle of its length, which almost
meets the outer spur of the inner fascia. This outer fascia, like the inner, is divided
by a narrow brown line and each side subdivided by leaden blue. From the costa
beyond this fascia are three geminate streaks, the two inner coalescing below and
sending a spur down to middle of wing at outer margin; between this spur and the
margin is a vertical geminate line. The basal area, within the inner fascia, contains
a roughly triangular pale patch of the same shade and construction as the fascise,
separating this from inner fascia is the ground color. Cilia fuscous, with a black
spot at apex, and two pink streaks below apex, and two pink streaks above anal
angle. The dark ground color, between the fascise is velvety black but more or less
heavily overlaid with ochreous red scales, in some specimen the overlaying scales
are rich Indian red. The fascise and spots are pale shining pinki.sh white and fuscous,
subdivided by shining leaden or steel blue. On the costa where these pale fasciae
and spots overlay it, the color is creamy white and there are six spots of this color.
In the specimens of the Indian red type, the thorax and head are several shades
darker than described and frequently the white scales are missing.

Hind wing olivaceous brown, cilia white and patch above cell white; underside
creamv white mottled with fuscous at apex and below costa. Underside of fore
wing smoky fuscous with costal spots and spots in cilia repeated.

Six specimens, bred from larv?e feeding on buckeye, collected by Mrs.
Beutenmiiller, May 18

My notes on the larviie are uncertain, as two species were in the same
box but it is likely the. following may be applied to this species. "About
16 mm. long, very intense green, head and P. T. shield small and jet black,
slightly tapering to either end. Rolls and crumples the ends of the leaves
often involving more than one leaf."

— Exartema merrickanum sp. nov.
Plate VIII, Fig. 1.

Expanse 18 to 20 mm.

Head yellowish-gray. Palpi whitish yellow, with a blotch of fuscous on outer
end of second joint, and a tiny dot of the same color at base, outside; apical joint
black. Thorax ashy gray mixed with olivaceous scales, posterior ends of patagia
and thoracic tuft white. Abdomen white on segment beneath thoracic tuft ; other
segments fuscous, shining; anal tuft ochreous-brown.

Fore wing grayish white and olivaceous gray, with a dark shade from ba.se to
middle of costa and a large triangular patch of Indian red in apex, enclosing an o\'al

1907.] Kcarfott, Microlcpidnptcra from the Black Mountains, N. C. 157

black spot. The usual Exartema scroll-work is almost obliterated in this species.
There are three olivaceous patches, one on fold at inner fourth, one below fold just
beyond middle, and the third before anal angle; beyond the third is a patch of
whitish shining scales with reddish and brown strigulse, involving the anal angle
and forming the inner boundary for the red apical triangle. There is a paler streak
from inner fourth of dorsal margin to outer fourth of costa. The inner half of costa
is dotted with cream and black; in the middle of costa is a quadrate spot of red
and black scales; beyond this to apex the costal dashes are red and white, with a
black dusting in the red; at the outer third the costal dashes send down leaden
metallic lines which curve outward and run into the pale patch at anal angle, similar
lines rise from the costal dots before apex, join together and run to middle of outer
margin through the red patch and outside of the black spot. A small red and black
spot on the middle of the wing at the end of cell. Cilia shining pink, with a nearly
black patch at apex and three or four blackish scales between apex and anal angle.

Hind wing smoky brown, cilia white; underside gray white, with a streak of
smoky brown below the cell and in the apex; cilia white. Underside of fore wing
smoky brown, except along costa and termen which are creamy yellow.

Forty specimens: Black Mountains, N. Car., Valley, June 12; New
Brighton, Pa., ^ J una 3 to Aug. 12, F. A. Merrick; Algonquin, 111., July 8
to 13, Dr. Nason; Iowa City, Iowa, June 29, Prof. Wickham; Chicopee,
Mass., F. Knab; Pittsburg, Pa., Henry Engel.

Nearest to E. corylanum Fern., but the latter is smaller and the promi-
nent dark triangle in apex is absent.

— Exartema versicoloranum Clem.

One specimen, bred from larva on black oak, issued June 5. Ten
other specimens captured in valley between June 2 to 26.

Olethreutes nimbatana, var. montanana var. nov.
Plate VIII, Fig. 3.

One 9 specimen, Mt. Graybeard, June 9. Larger and darker than
nivihatana, the outer edge of the dark area nearly vertical, not curving
inward as in nimbatana. The apex and extreme termen is much more
heavily overlaid with dark scales and .streaks.

Hind wing very dark smoky fuscous, cilia broadly paler. Expanse
20 mm.

Eucosma obfuscana Riley. .

One specimen. Valley, June 11. I quite agree with Dr. Dyar in separat-
ing this from E. scudderiana Clem.-^

158 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XXIII,

Epinotia ilicifoliana sp. nov.
Plate VIII, Figs. 8 and 9.

Expanse, c? and $ , 13.5 to 15 mm.

Head dull gray, shaded with brown above eyes; palpi dark gray outside, lighter
gray within; antenna? dull fuscous. Thorax dull gray, mixed with brown scales,
with a purplish gleam, which is particularly strong on anterior and posterior ends
of patagia. Abdomen silky fuscous above, faintly tinged with purple, below shining
cinereous, darker on anal joints; legs shining cinereous, fore and middle tibisp and
tarsi annulated with brown.

Fore wing grayish cinereous, in a broad band from inner half of costa to dorsal
margin, which is connected with large ocellic spot of the same shade. Dorsal patch
to inner third on costa and half on dorsum, boundary line dentate; dull brown on
dorsal half shading into cinereous brown above, and with a small grayish cinereous
patch on dorsum. The costa is marked with about eleven purplish brown dots,
between each a tiny dot of the same color, separated by shining gray; beyond the
middle pale stripe these dots are large and conspicuous, the inner one (at middle of
wing) being extended downward to end of cell, then joining a crescent shaped dash
of the same color which sends a spur into the apex; above this crescent mark the
costal spots are outlined below by yellow; the dark apical spot is the largest and is
hook-shaped outwardly. Before the anal angle is a small triangular brownish spot,
sometimes sending a yellowish line to the crescent above it. Ocellus not distinctly
defined, but the gray ocellic region covers the outer third of wing below the crescent;
it is slightly strigulated with vertical rows of brown scales, a curved one before the
margin being most prominent. Cilia below the apical spot, dull fuscous outwardly,
shining gray within.

Hind wing smoky brown, darker toward apex, cilia paler, preceded by a dark,
then a light line. Underside of both wings brown with a faint grayish pubescence,
costal spots of fore wing repeated.

Larva 12 mm. long, color dull yellow, green shining through in irregular blotches
on dorsal and lateral regions. Head, prothoracic shield and thoracic-legs black.
A large poli.shed black tubercule just in front of spiracle and a smaller one on base
of leg, on joint 2. Anal shield green, not chitinous. Prothoracic .shield divided by
a paler dorsal line.

This species is quite variable, and range.s to a form in which the central
gray fascia is ahiiost obsolete, the dark area covering all of the costal and
inner half of wing, the gray only appearing on the outer dorsal half, below
the crescent to the boundary of the basal j)atch.

Bred from larvfE tying and crumjiling the young leaves and terminal
twigs of a species of Ile.r, jirobably verticiUata Linn., collected by Mrs.
Beutenniiiller on Mount Graybeard, No. Car., full grown May 20, in pupa
May 27, and issued between June 10 and 20. Also bred by the writer
from the same food-plant in Essex (^ounty Park, N. J., with about the
same dates; found on one bush only, about six feet in diameter and the
same height. About the middle of May for the past six years, this bush

1907.] Kcarfott, Microlcpidoptcra [rum the Black Mountains, N. C. 159

is covered with the webs of these larvfie, as many as one hundred having
been counted at one time, but a month later almost every vestige of their
work had disappeared. I have only taken one .specimen on the wing
July 4.

Pupate in tight, dense cocoon spun in debris, or frequently in a small
flap cut out of leaf and turned under. Breeding numbers K. 212, K. 465
and K. 543 placed temporarily under Epinofia; the structure does not fit
with any of the Tortricid genera credited to North America.

Antennae, c? and 9 , slightly dentate. Palpi with a flattened, triangular tuft
of closely appressed scales on second joint, outer joint very short, obtuse not hidden.
Long scales in circles above eyes, coming together above forming a slight crest
between eyes and a larger posterior one on head. Thorax smooth. No tufts of
raised scales on fore wing, and no costal fold in c?. Fore wing slightly arched at
base of costa and near apex, nearly straight between; apex rounded, deeply intlciiti-d
beneath apex, at ends of veins v and vi. Termen below evenly rounded into dor-sal
margin. Venation: 1 from middle of cell, 3 separated from 4, and bent downward
to inner third, then upward until it approximates 4 at termen; the spaces between
4 + 5, 5 + 6, and 6 + 7 about equal; 7 from within upper angle of cell, 7 and 8
stalked for half their length, 7 to termen and 8 to costa.

Hind wing, 3 and 4 stalked for about one third, 5 approximate; 6 and 7 closely
approximated at ba.se.

«»: Ancylis pulchellana Clem.

Plate VIII, Fig. 10.

One specimen, Valley, June 2. This species has always been in our
lists under the genus Profeopteri/x. The type is in the collection of the
American Entomological Society, Philadelphia; it is very close to A. lacini-
ana Zell. and A. dubiana Clem.

Enarmonia eclipsana Zell. —

Four specimens, summit of Mt. Graybeard, May 26, and Valley, June 3.
This species was omitted by Fernald in his original Catalogue of North
American Tortricids, 1882, and apparently for the same reason has been
omitted from all subsequent lists, notwithstanding a very beautiful figure
of the species is given by Zeller in Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. plate IX,
Fig. 29, 1875.

Hemimene nigromaculana sp. nov.

Plate VIII, Fig. 5.

Expanse 11 to 13 mm.

Head clay brown, crests above eyes olivaceous brown, under side of face whitish.

160 Bulletin American Muscimi of Natural History. [Vol. XXIII,

Palpi creuni color, with outer half of tuft on secoud joint dull black; a small black
dot at base of first joint, above. Antennae fuscous, paler between joints. Thorax
olivaceous, posterior end of patagia cream color. Abdomen olivaceous brown,
anal tuft cream; legs creamy white, dusted with brown.

Fore wing: — Scales black at base, ochreous at tips, causing the ground color
to appear as fine vertical strigulae of ochreous on a black ground. From the middle
of the dorsal margin four white lines converge towards the upper end and terminate
at middle of wing, slanting outwardly to end of cell; the two middle lines are the
most distinct, the outer ones being somewhat broken and not quite reaching the
apex of the cluster. Between these and ba.se, on dorsal margin, are two shorter
white lines, inwardly oblique ending at fold, they are somewhat angulated with a
tendency to turn outward at the upper end. On the costa before the middle are
two pairs of white dashes, resting on the costal fold, from the outer pair a shade
of blue continues to the apex of the cluster of white lines. Beyond the middle
another pair of white costal dashes gives rise to a metallic blue line which curves
outward and inward before the termen to the anal angle, enclosing at the end of the
cell a rounded ochreous yellow spot divided by three horizontal black lines. On
the outer fourth of co.sta are three single white dashes, the middle one sending off
a blue metallic line which ends beneath the apex on the termen; a few blue scales
outline each of the other two dots. On the extreme outer margin are five velvety
black dots, the two upper ones being separated by a white dash, the outer end of
which overlaps the cilia. There are two white dots on the lower side of the ochreous
patch at end of cell, with a spur from the long blue metallic line enclosing the outer
one. The male costal fold is nearly half the length of the wing. Cilia shining fuscous
preceded by a paler line.

Hind wing: — Smoky brown, paler towards base, cilia fu.scous preceded by a
paler shade; underside the same with a whitish shade over the cell. Underside
of fore wing shining bronze brown, dotted with white along costa. and the cilia
cut with a white dash below the apex.

Two specimens: "Valley," June 1.

Lipoptycha albolineana sp. nov. '

Plate VIII, Fig. 11.

Expanse 13.5 mm.

Head olivaceous brown, face and palpi light clay brown. Antennip pale clay
brown, darker between joints. Thorax dark gray; abdomen black above paler be-
neath, anal tuft clay brown; legs the same with tarsi powdered with blackish scales.

Fore wing: — Dingy brownish black, with several sordid white transverse lines.
At inner third a geminate white line from costa to dorsum; just beyond middle
a .short oblique line goes to middle where it nearly joins a similar line from costa
beyond; the two form a rough triangle enclosing a spot of ground color of the same
shape, below the lower ends of these two lines is a vertical white line from dorsal
margin, .slightly outwardly oblique. On the outer fourth of costa are two shorter
white lines, the outer one curving under the apex. From the anal angle a similar
white line runs to lower end of cell. The black preciliate line is cut by four or five
small whitish dashes.

1907.] Kcarjott, Microhpidopkra from the Black Mountains, N. C. 161

Cilia gray, overlaid with siiioky brown scales outwardly. Hind wing and under-
side of both, dark smoky brown, cilia paler, and the white costal spots repeated
on fore wing.

Two specimens, "Half-way-place," June 8.

Archips rileyana Grotc. —-

Many specimens, bred from larvne, in communities, webbing together
masses of the leaves of horse-chestnut. Received June 4; majority in
pupa June 8; moths issued June 24 to 30. At least two hymenopterous
parasites bred.

Tortrix albicomana Clem. " —

Two specimens bred from larvte received May 28, mixed with the larv0&
of Telphusa latifasciella Cham. From huckleberry.

Ewlia juglandana Fern. —

Five bred specimens. Two lots of larvte received INIay 28 and June 8,.
on leaves of hickory; one larva on leaves of Viburnum acerifolium received
June 15. The moths issued from the former June 18 to 23 and from the
latter July 1 .

The larvae on both food plants were alike, 23 to 24 mm. long, cylindrical
slightly tapering yellowish green, darker along dorsal line; head dirty yel-
low, marked with brown lines and dots on sides of lobes. P. T. and anal
shields not chitinous.

Larvae on hickory, live between two leaves, or between the two surfaces of
one leaf folded over, using a considerable quantity of silk. Pupated in a
fold of leaf in a rather dense, white silk cocoon.

Phalonia ednana sp. nov. —
Plate VIII, Fig. 13.

Expanse, c? and $ , 13 to 14 mm.

Antennae golden brown, dark brown at base, biciliated in male. Head grayish
ochreous, darker above eyes and mixed with dark scales in front. Palpi grayish
ochreous within, with a line of dark brown scales on upper edge, outwardly the latter
color, outer joint short, obtuse , black except extreme apex which is yellow. Tuft
on second joint rather narrow, long, projecting slightly forward in points above
and below third joint, but not concealing it. Thorax smooth, with flattened, slight,
posterior tuft; dark brown, the tips of the posterior scales and scales of patagia

162 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [^'ol. XXIII,

ochreous. Abdomen gray, with a purplish hue on middle segment, anal tuft
•ochreous. Legs pale gray, annulated with dark brown.

Fore wing: — Cinereous or yellowish gray, with a blackish spot covering basal
area and another on costa at middle. The gray ground color is stained with pale
yellowish ochreous and faintly tinged with reddish brown on apical third and below
costal spot. The basal spot is outwardly rounded extending to inner fourth at
middle, slightly indicated at lower median vein, it and the costal spot are very dark
brown, on which are superimposed a few reddish brown scales. The costal spot
is about the same size as basal spot, about one fourth length of wing on costa,
extends down to middle of wing. On the dorsum are six or seven browni.sh fuscous
spots, a faint strigulse of fuscous ascends toward costa from each, those in the middle
of the wing, running into the costal spot are most distinct, the middle one forming
a prolongation of the lower apex of the spot and is edged with yellowish. In the
apical part of wing is a long sinuate line, broadest at costa, extending down to below
middle of wing and ending at termen, composed of fuscous and reddish brown scales.
Cilia yellowish gray, interrupted by a few fuscous scales. Underside smoky brown,
light cinereous on costa beneath the paler spaces of upper surface. Hind wing
above dark gray, cilia a shade paler; beneath pale gray with brown vertical reticu-
lations, cilia paler.

Described from about forty specimens from the following localities:
Half-way place, Black Mountains, N. Car., June 29; Chinchilla, Pa.,
June 26 (A. E. Lister); Hazleton, Pa., July 12 to 28 (W. G. Dietz); Wyo-
ming Co., Pa., 2300 elevation (Lister and Kearfott); Warren, Mass., July
12, (Kearfott); Center Harbor, N. H., No. 18.387 (H. G. Dyar); Ottawa,
Can., July 10 (C. H. Young). Named in honor of Mrs. Edna L. Beuten-
miiller, who not only makes beautiful drawings of insects, but collected
most of the larvae, the notes of which appear in this paper.

In Wyoming Co., Pa., I found the species fairly abundant, flying close
to the ground and usually alighting on twigs or the blackened stumps of
a burnt over spruce forest; between the showers on a rainy day the majority
of the specimens were found resting on these stumps. At Warren, Mass.,
they were found in a small woods of spruce and hardwood trees, flying close
to the ground and usually alighting on twigs or on the ground.

The venation agrees with Meyrick's figure of Phalonia, excepting 3
and 4 of hind wings are connate, hence the species will later be transferred
to a different genus.

Phalonia hoSmanana sp. nov.
Plate VIII, Fig. 4.

Expanse 12 nun.

Head and thorax blackish brown mixed with paler brown scales. Palpi pale
brown with a few darker brown scales on outside of second joint and on third joint.
Antenna fusciaus, paler at base. Abdomen blackish brown, anal tuft ochreous.
I^egs cream colored dusted with brown.

1907.] Kearjott, Microlcpidoptcra from the Black Mountains, N. C. 163

P'ore wing: — Olive and dark brown, with patches and Hnes of iridescent pinkish
■ochreous, raised scales. The basal patch, which extends to middle of costa and
inner fourth of dorsal margin, is pale pinkish brown or pinkish ochreous, with a
small rectangular brown spot on the costa at inner fourth, containing two small
black dots, there are four small black dots on costa on each side of this brown spot
in the pale basal area. Below the costa the pale color is lightly dotted with darker
brown. Beyond this area, and occupying the middle third of the wing, is a large
triangular dark brown area narrow on costa but extending to anal angle on dorsal
margin. It contains numerous vertical black strigulse and two small patches of
pinkish ochreous scales on each side below the fold, and is margined on costa by
black dots. Beyond it a narrow, angulated band of pinkish ochreous scales starts
from costa at outer fourth and runs obliquely to anal angle; this line is interrupted
on end of cell by a small patch of dark brown scales. Beyond this is a flattened lunate
patch, extending from a little below costa to anal angle, of olivaceous brown, hori-
zontally streaked with black. Between this and the apical margin is a larger lunate
patch of rich brown, also lined with black; this involves the costa before the apex
and extends down to middle of outer margin; the two lunate patches are separated
by a broken line of iridescent scales, a line of the same outwardly defines the dark
brown patch and is continued as an antimarginal line into the anal angle. The
cilia is ochreous brown overlaid with fuscous and preceded by a broken line of black
scales. All of the pinkish ochreous scales are shining, iridescent; those on the
outer half of the wing are raised in clusters and lines. The most conspicuous tuft
is in the middle of the wing at the end of the cell and another just before the anal
angle below the fold.

Underside of fore wing, very dark blackish brown, with four whitish dots on
outer half of costa; cilia ochreous brown, with three blackish patches and preceded
by a blackish line inside of which is a narrow ochreous line.

Hind wing: — Rich smoky brown, cilia leaden metallic, shaded darker inwardly
and preceded by a fine yellowish line. Underside blackish brown, with whitish
vertical strigulse.

Four specimens, Mount Graybeard, May 2; Valley, June 3 to 12.
Named in honor of Dean Hoffman, whose interest and love of science
lias made possible the discovery of this and many other species.

Phalonia obliquana sp. nov. — '^
Plate VIII, Fig. 12.

Expanse 20 to 22 mm.

Head clay yellow, a shade darker on tufts behind the eyes. Palpi clay yellow,
shaded with brown outwardly and with a white patch on the upper side of second
segment. Thorax olivaceous yellow, patagia clay yellow and whitish at base.
Abdomen and legs clay yellow, the latter speckled with brown, the dark color pre-
dominating on the first two pair.'^.

Fore wing: — ('lay yellow, with rich cinnamon brown spots and lines. There
is a large kidney shaped patch of brown in the middle of the wing, with the small
end resting on the middle of the costa and the lower end, which is pointed, on the

164 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XXIII,

middle of the wing, separated from the lower end by a line of shining whitish scales
is a small oval shaped spot; these two spots form an oblique fascia from middle of
costa towards the anal angle but do not reach below lower vein of cell; obliquely
inwardly is a triangular brown spot on the dorsal margin, which is a continuation
of the fascia but separated from the spots above by a streak of clay colored scales.
There is a long streak of brown from base nearly to middle of wing, a shade of the
same color from base along dorsal margin, and another shorter streak from base
along costa. Between the middle and largest basal streak and the triangular dorsal
patch is a diamond-shaped patch of brown, separated on both sides by shining white
lines. There is a submarginal line of brown from anal angle to apex, unevenly
indented on the outer side between the veins. Between this line and the middle
fascia there is a patch of brown scales becoming paler towards costa, and on costa
between outer fourth and apex is a small lunate spot enclosing a small dot of clay
yellow. Another small dash of brown at end of vein eight. The pale spaces on
upper fourth of wing on each side of middlfe fascia are shining whitish yellow scales,
and on the costa are marked with three of four brown specks before and about half
a dozen beyond the fascia. The lines separating the various brown spots and patches
are usually of the shining whitish scales. Cilia clay yellow.

Hind wing shining cinereous, darker at apex and on outer ends of veins; cilia
whitish except at apex, shaded with cinereous. Underside whitish, with a few
scattered darker scales along the veins. Underside of fore wing coppery brown,
clay yellow along costa and cilia.

Twelve specimens, Black Mountains, N. Car., "Valley"; Hastings,
Fla.; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Hanham.

The Florida specimens are somewhat paler than the description; the
dark brown being largely replaced by the ground color, but the outlines
of the spots and fascia can be seen by the shining whitish boiuidary lines.

The apex of the fore wing is pointed, termen straight and oblique," all
veins separate but three and four very close together at origin, seven to
termen and its origin close to eight. Hind wing three and four rather
widely separated, six and seven stalked.

Telphusa latifasciella Cham.

Eight specimens, bred from larvpe on huckleberry, webbing and tying
together the tender young leaves. Received May 2S, issued June 10 to 21.

Larva 10 to 12 mm. long, slender, yellowish white, green on dorsal line;
head and P. T. shield pale yellow.

Gelechia unctulella Zellrr.

Eleven specimens, bred from larvue webbing together the lea^■es of
common locust. Larvte received May 28 and June 6, moths issued July
10 to 21.

1907.] Kearjott, Microlcpidoptcra jrom the Black Mountains, N. C. 165

Larva slender, tapering, pale green, with three darker stripes on each
side, the width of the pale and dark stripes about equal. Head and P. T.
shield dull yellow; anal shield not chitinous. Length 14 to 15 mm. Just
before pupating the pale green becomes pinkish red and the darker stripes
purplish red.

Pupa in a snug little cocoon between two or more leaves; shining chest-
nut brown, much broader across thorax than elsewhere, evenly tapering to
anal end.

Gelechia vernella Murtf.

Fifteen specimens, bred from larvje on leaves of black oak; received
May 24, issued June 10 to 15.

Larva slender, tapei-ing, pale green, with three darker stripes of equal
width on each side. Head, P. T. shield and thoracic feet jet black; a
broad, dull brown band on posterior half of second thoracic segment, extend-
ing its entire circumference. Anal shield not chitinous. Length about
12 mm. The green color becomes reddish when mature. Pupa shining,
pale brown, in a web between the leaves. Some of the larvae were badly
infested with a minute dipterous parasite.

Depressaria pulvipennella Clem.

Two specimens, bred from larvae webbing the young leaves of a species
of Eupatorunn; received June 13 and 25; moths issued July 9 and 15.

Depressaria robiniella Pack.

Two specimens, bred from larvae webbing the leaves of common locust;
received June 6 and 16; moths issued July 1 and 4.

Depressaria lythrella Wlsm.

Two bred specimens; larvae received June 27, webbing the leaves of a
low shrub (identity not known) ; moths issued July 20. Larva dull whitish
green, no lines or stripes; pupating in debris in bottom of breeding jar in a
slightly built cocoon.

In Walsingham's description of this species, he states that the larvae
are found in the leaves of Lijthrcum alatum (Illinois). These North Caro-
lina specimens agree closely with Walsingham's description, except that
they are a trifle larger, — 17 mm. instead of 15 mm.

166 Bulletin. American Museum of Natural History. [\'()1. XXIII,,

(Ecophora newmanella Ckm.

Thirty-eight specimens, all flown, siuniiiit of Mt. Graybeard, May 26,
and Valley May 28 to June 8. The variation in this long series is consider-
able, ranging from the form with prominent and well defined basal streaks
to examples with the streaks almost obsolete, represented by a few ochreous
scales only.

Antispila Iliibiicr.

Synopsis of Species.

With white apical spot 1.

No apical spot --

1, Outer joints of antennjE white hydra7igiceeUa Cham.

Not white ampelopsiella Cham.

2, With no dorsal or costal spot eugeniella Busck.

With dorsal and costal spots 3.

3 Costal spot extended into an angulated fascia mafor Kearf.

Costal spot of moderate size 4.

4, Fascia and spots golden hued 5.

Fascia and spots silvery white vUicordifoliella Clem.

5, Fore wings reddish coppery on outer half cornifoliella Cham.

Fore wings not coppery 6.

6, Fore wings purple brown, without greenish reflection .... isabella Clem.
Fore wings dark brown with greenish reflection .... nysswfoliella Clem.

Antispila major sp. nov.

Plate VIII, Fig. 15.

Alar expanse 9 mm.

Head, face, palpi, abdomen, and legs shining grayish bronze. Thorax shining
bronze, not gray. Antenme, basal and apical third brown, middle third silvery
white.

Fore wing bronze brown, slightly shining. Spots and fascia pale golden, shining,
the scales of the spots somewhat raised and occur as follows: Base broadly metallic,
from costa to dorsum, outer edge inwardly curved. Fascia at inner third nearly
straight, not wider on dorsal than costal margin, constricted at fold, and nearly
separated into two spots of about equal size. Dorsal dash at outer third narrow,
oblique outwardly to middle of wing, the metallic scales overspread the cilia, equalling
in size and shape the spot on wing. Costal dash at apical fourth, obliquely inward
to cell, thin angulated outward to anal angle, where it expands into a triangular
blotch, roughly shaped like the letter S. Hind wings and cilia of both gray brown,
not metallic.

Three specimens, Black Mountains, N. Car., "Valley," June 2, S and
10.

1907.] Kearfott, M icrolepidoptern from the Black Mountains, N. C. 167

Gracilaria sassafrasella Cham.

Four specimens, bred from larvte forming the characteristic cones on
the leaves of common sassafras. Received June 9, issued June 22 to 29.

Larva 7.5 mm. long, slender, lemon yellow, head light brown, only three
pairs of abdominal legs, or four pairs including anal claspers. Pupates
under yellow silk cocoon, spun in a wrinkle of a leaf or in the angle of a box.

Epimartyria auricrinella JVlsm f

Two specimens, Valley, June 1. Too badly rubbed to be absolutely
certain of specific identity; one specimen has an ochreous head with wing
expanse and general color scheme of auricrinella; the head of the other is
entirely denuded.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII.

Fig. 1. — Exartema merrickanum Kearfott.

2. — Exartema hippocastanum Kearfott.

3. — Olethreutes nimbatana var. montanana Kearfott.

4. — Phalonia hoffmanana Kearfott.

5. — Hemimene nigroinaeulana Kearfott.

6. — Exartema versicoloranum Clemens.

7. — Thiodia signatana Clemens.

8. — Epinotia ilicifoliana Kearfott.

9. — Epinotia ilicifoliana Kearfott.
10. — Ancylis pulchellana Clemens.

n. — Lipoptycha albolincana Kearfott.

12. — Phalonia obliquana Kearfott. '"*"-

i-i. — jrnuwnui ounquuiui ivearioti. j /y'/y^

13. — Phalonia ednana Keariott. > TfX^'^ JU^f^J^

14. — Hemimene incarnana Clemens

15. — Antispila major Kearfott.

16. — Platyptilia acanthodactyla Hiibner. (

17. — Platyptilia Carolina Kearfott.

18. — Diasemia roseopennalis Hulst.

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

VOLUIVIK XXXIII.
\

9IEW IVORTH AMERICAN TORTRICID.E.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT.

Evetria monopbylliana sp. nov.

Expanse 15-19 mm.

Head : whitish-gray, mixed with brown and reddish scales; palpi light brown-
ish-fuscous; thorax whitish-gray, striped with shades of brown and bright red
scales ; autennfe light gray ; abdomen missing on all four specimens ; legs whitish,
dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: white on the basal fourth and upper half from base to outer third,
the ground color of the lower half, beyond the basal fourth and the apical third
is a light pinkish-fawn or salmon. There are two transverse irregular bands of
scattered fuscous-brown scales on basal fourth, with a few salmon dots in middle
of the outer. There is a broad fuscous-brown fascia, more or less overlaid with
salmon from middle of costa, through white ground color only, stopping at the
salmon color. On each side of this the costa, in the white area, is evenly dotted
with four or five fuscous-brown streaks. Above the salmon of the outer third
the costa is narrowly white, on which are two groups of fuscous-brown scales,
below each the salmon shade is more intense, of a coppery hue. Extreme edge
of dorsum white, dotted with brown. Before a white preciliate Hue the termen
is edged with bright red, slightly enlarged and mixed with a few blackish scales
in the middle. Cilia inwardly red, outwardly pink, with a few scattered gray
scales.

Hindwing: pale gray, cilia white, with a gray basal line; underside whitish-
dusted with fuscous in apex, cilia white.

Underside forewing: grayish fuscous, two large white costal spots before apex,
cilia leaden, with whitish basal line.

Four specimens from collections U. S. Nat. Mu.s. Bearing labels
"On ijpinus monophylla ;" Coso Valley, May 91, K ;" "Argus Mts.,
May 91, K." In the Century Atlas both Coso Valley and Argus
Mountains are shown in Kern Co., Cal.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and my collection.

TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. X.XXIII. (1) JANUARY, 1907.

y

2 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Evetria sabiniana sp. nov. / —

Expanse 22-23 mm. '

Head: whitish, tinged with salmon on sides; palpi white, lightly tinged with
pink on sides; thorax white, mottled with salmon ; antenna light salmon ; abdo-
men white, anal tuft yellowish ; legs salmon, thinly banded and dusted with white.

Forewing : salmon, with a broad white fascia across middle of wing and a
narrower white fascia across wing at ojiter third. The white fascite are edged
with shining scales, and a short line of the same cross wing before apex. These
shining scales are white in the fasci£e and salmon elsewhere. The outer fascia is
forked at costa, enclosing a small dot of salmon, between it and apex are two
other obscure white costal dots. In the middle of wing at base is a streak of
scales that are more of a pink shade than the salmon. Cilia white.

Hind wing : pale straw color, cilia white ; underside the same, but darker below
costa. Underside forewing ochreous yellow, dotted with white on costa, cilia
white.

One specimen from collections U. S. Nat. Mus., hearing labels,
" Sacramento Co., Cal.," " Augt. 9, '85," " 3820," " 43," " Larva on
Pinus sabitiiana," and a label in Walsingham's handwriting " Ste-
ganoptica n. sp. allied to sinicolana and huolana of Europe, left
wings to W. 186."

One specimen from J. G. Grundel, Santa Clara, Cal., emerged
from pine gum, June 20, 1904. This last specimen is darker than
the first; the head, palpi, and thorax are shades of pinkish brown ;
the forewing is also more of a brownish pink, but the fasciae, shining
scales, and other marks are the same in both.

Cotypes in the U. S. Nat. Mus. and my collection.

Evetria zozana sp. nov.
^ Expanse 20 min.

Head : pale fawn, mixed salmon, collar pale straw color; palpi very pale fawn
within, speckled with light fuscous, externally reddish-salmon; antenna gray;
thorax reddish-salmon in front and base of patagia, the balance gray, speckled
with white; abdomen fuscous; legs speckled, cinereous gray and white.

Forewing: inner two-thirds white, heavily reticulated with blackish fuscous,
somewhat concentrated in two darker fascia at inner fourth and middle, the lat-
ter is overlaid with dull ochreous scales on lower two-thirds. The outer third is
reddish, divided by a whitish-pink fascia composed of a large spot below costa
and another one above anal angle. The inner half of this reddish area is over-
laid with dull ochreous on lower half; the outer portion, outlining termen, is
intense red and forms a narrow fascia which is enlarged a third below costa and
continuous to costa before apex as an ochreous streak. Beyond the red terminal
band is a narrow white preciliate line. The cilia are pinkish, with a speckled
white and gray line dividing this color below apex and superceding the pink at
the anal angle.

Hind wing: smoky fuscous, darker at apex, cilia fuscous, with a darker line at
base and a lighter line beyond.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 3

Underside paler than upper. Underside forewing smoky fuscous, cilia paler,
preceded by a white basal line, and with the ends of tlie pink scales overlapping
on upper half.

One specimen, Placer Co., Cal., April 20 ; collected by Arthur H,
Vachell.

Type in my collection,

Evetria colfaxiana sp. nov. ^

Expanse 22 mm.

Head and thorax whitish, mixed with black scales; palpi fawn, outer joint
dark brown; antennte gray; abdomen gray, annulated with dark fuscous; anal
tuft pale fawn ; legs pale fawn, dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: whitish gray. Base narrowly black, mottled with gray, succeeded
by a whitish gray fascia, narrow on costa, broad on dorsum, followed by a broader
dark fascia, black only on edges, overlaid in middle with gray, and above this a
streak of ochreous; the outer line of this fascia is from costa at outer fourth,
obliquely straight to fold, then concave to dorsum at inner third. Beyond this
the ground color predominates, with a triangular spot on dorsum, at anal angle,
sending a line of black scales from its upper end to costa at outer fourth, below
costa this line connects with another shorter one which goes outside of ocellus.
The broad whitish gray middle area is transversed by two, wide aj)art, lines of
black scales, and lightly mottled with darker gray; through the middle of cell
and below fold are horizontal streaks of yellowish. The ocellus is a flattened
oval, long axis vertical, of whitish shining scales, enclosing a vertical line of
shining ochreous. Beyond it the apex is coppery yellow. There are five black
and four whitish spots on costa beyond middle, the inner two join together
below, making a large quadrate dark shade, from the fourth dark spot descends
the line of black scales above mentioned and from the fifth a similar black line
divides the coppery shade. All of these dark spots are overlaid in the middle
with coppery brown. Cilia pale gray, mottled with fuscous.

Hind wings: fuscous, cilia whitish ; underside gray, dotted with dark fuscous
on costa. Underside forewings dark^ fuscous, mottled with black; costal spots
repeated.

One specimen, Colfax, Placer Co., Cal., July ; collected by Arthur
H. Vachell.

Evetria pastadenana sp. nov. /

Expanse 15-19 mm.

Head: reddish-ochreous ; palpi creamy-ochreous inside, dark reddish outside ;
antenna fuscous; thorax fuscous gray, patagia reddish at base and tipped with
grayish-white; abdomen light brownish fuscous; legs grayish-white, banded and
powdered with dark brown.

Forewing: gray, overlaid with reddish-brown scales, becoming more red in
outer third. There are five transverse geminate paler gray lines, at al)out equal
distance apart, the outer, before apex, reaches only to middle of wing; where
each touches costa is a paler dot. The terminal line is white, sending dashes of
same color into cilia, over each vein, below apex ; before this white line is a

TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. JANUARY, 1907.

4 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

darker red shade from apex to anal angle, enlarged at the middle of the wing, it
is continued as a red spot on dorsum before angle, above this in middle of wing
is a clear red spot and a less distinct cue above it on costa. Cilia gray, shaded
with ferruginous at apex.

Hindwiug: grayish-fuscous, cilia same, divided by a slightly darker line close
to base ; underside the same, but cilia whiter. Underside forewings smoky fus-
cous, reddish at apex.

Three specimens, Pasadena, Cal., April 14, W. G. Dietz; Ala-
meda Co., Cal., March; Carmel-by-the-Sea, Monterey Co., Cal., A.
H. Vachell.

Evetria burkeana sp. nov. / ......

Expanse, % , 26-28 mm. ■

Head : with short tuft above eyes and between antennse, face flattened, small,
with thorax whitish-gray, thickly dotted with fuscous-brown ; "griseous." Eyes
jet black, with irregular lines of reddish-brown. Palpi, basal and second joint
with moderate flattened tuft above and below, increasing slightly in width to
end of second joint, same color as head ; third joint obtusely pointed, about half
length of second and not concealed by tufts of second, black, except base, which
is paler. Anteunje, basal joint enlarged, whitish, with a streak of black in front;
outer joints shortly ciliated below, pale fuscous, length about one-half. Abdomen
dark fuscous above and below, scales overlapping posterior edge of each segment
pale cinereous; a slight ridge of same color on each side, anal tufts same. Legs
whitish, first and second pairs rather heavily clouded with dark brown on
femora and tibiai, and all tarsi heavily annulate with brown.

Forewing: white, with numerous transverse lines and fascite of gray-brown.
A broad fascia from costa to dorsum ; with its inner edge on costa at middle and
outer edge at three-quarters; on dorsum, inner edge at two-thirds and outer edge
at angle ; the inner edge is much indented below upper vein of cell by a rounded
prominence of white which nearly divides it; below this, above dorsum is a simi-
lar but less deep indentation ; the outer edge of fascia is nearly straight, but
much broken and indented. Before the fascia, to base, the surface is rather
evenly strigulated with black and white, with the following more prominent
markings ; below m'iddle on dorsum from inner third to inner sixth an irregular
dark blotch, its outer edge with two rounded projections (which are parallel to
corresponding indentation in fascia] ; between this blotch and fascia the color is
more white than black, making an illy-defined whitish fascia before the dark
one and at about equal width ; on costa, before dark fascia, are four geminated
white streaks, only the two outer ones (in whitish fascia) are well defined. Api-
cal fifth of wing above oceliic space grayish-brown, with a narrow line continu-
ing down to anal angle, between this and dark fascia is a narrow fascia of white,
strigulated with dark lines from costa to outer margin above angle. The apex is
dark, with a preciliate paler line; before apex the costa is marked with five
prominent black dots, the outer two of which are on outer white fascia and inner
three on middle dark fascia. Cilia blackish, interrupted by four white dots below
apex and three larger white dots around angle. The blackish lines and fascia
are, of the forewing, all more or less overlaid with gray, giving less the appear-
ance of black and white than of grayish-brown and white.

Hindwiug: pale, smoky fuscous, cilia paler, with a darker then a lighter line.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 0

Underside forewing very dark smoky fuscous above lower median vein,
white below it; costa and cilia dotted evenly with white,

Underside hindwing whitish, costal half shaded and reticulated with fuscous,
cilia same, with fuscous dashes at euds of veins.

Two males, Hoquiani, Washington, bred by Mr. Burke, from
Picea sitchensis, and bearing Division of Forestry recond label
"4009-9' and 4009-9^ Hopk. U. S."

Cotypes U. S. Nat. Mus. and in my collection.

PoIychrosiM arniicana sp. nov.

Expanse 8. .5-11 mm.

Head and palpi clay-yellow, latter tinged with brown on outside of tufts and
former with brown behind. Thorax clay-brown, thickly dotted with darker
brown, tuft leaden-black. Abdomen fuscous, anal tuft and legs clay-yellow, lat-
ter dusted and anulate with brown.

Forewing: inner third pale grayish-blue, divided by a brown band from costa,
which reaches only to upper edge of cell. Costa within this space marked with
three black spots, edged on both sides with white. The central fascia is narrow-
est on costa at middle, its inner edge goes vertically to dorsal margin, its outer
edge obliquely to anal angle. The tlatteued oval brown patch in apical fourth
sends two spurs to costa, another from outer edge to ternien and which follows
termen to angle, and coalesces with the central fascia at angle. These brown
areas are overlaid with black on upper half of wing, and with three horizontal
black lines in the flattened oval, beyond the end of cell with shining golden
ochreous on lower half. There are four geminate white spots on costa between
middle and apex, from each extends below costa pale metallic-blue streaks, the
inner one extends across the brown fascia to dorsum, but is separated into three
spots by the brown color. The apical and the one before it send oblique streaks
to termen. A line of the same scales borders lower half of termen. Cilia leaden
blue, with two tiny dashes of white on outer ends of the cilia below apex.

Hindwing: dark smoky brown, cilia white outwardly ; underside grayish-brown.
■ Underside forewing smoky brown, costal spots repeated.

Eight specimens, from Prof. C. H. Chittenden, in charge of breed-
ing experiments at the Department of Agriculture, Washington,
D. C, bred from larvse on Aruncxis aruncii.<i. Record number 9215.
Cabin John's Bridge, Md., issued May 10 to 21, 1900.

Can be distinguished from any other species in this genus by the
golden yellow patches.

Polychrosis yaracaiia sp. npv.

Expanse 9-10.5 mm.

Palpi and head pale creamy-brown, a shade darker on outside of tufts of former
and collar of latter. Antennse the same color, brown between joints. Thorax
same shade of brown as collar, tufts cinnamon-brown. Abdomen whitish-gray,
ringed with fuscous-brown between each segment, tuft gray, tinged with yellow

and speckled above with brown. Legs white annulate and dusted with brown.

*

TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. JANUARY, 1907.

b AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Forewing : a conspicuous black spot rests ou costa between inner tliird and mid-
dle, and as a central fascia continues to fold, but becomes brown below the middle
of the wing; its inner edge is slightly oblique to middle of wing, then vertical
towards dorsum, but before reaching latter it turns and the outer margin runs
obliquely upward in a spur to the middle of wing; the brown of this spur is shaded
with black and above the spur is a white semi-circular patch containing ou its
lower side a small dot of fuscous. Between base and this dark fascia the ground
color is white, with three, nearly equidistant black lines from costa to middle of
wing; the middle one inwardly outlines a pale brown fascia extending nearly to
dorsum ; the inner fourth of dorsal margin, below the fold, is overlaid with brown
and black scales; and a few scales of the same colors mark the base above. The
white ground color, inside the middle fascia, is heavily overlaid with gray on the
upper half of wing, and a patch of the same on lower half just before fascia ; along
the dorsum the white extends beyond the fascia, nearly to outer fourth rather
heavily overlaid with gray at the outer end. Beyond the dark central fascia is a
large olivaceous brown patch, extending from below costa to anal angle, rounded
on its outer edge and nearly straight in its inner. A line of steely-gray scales sepa-
rate it from a smaller triangular patch of the same color, in dorsum, within anal
angle; the steely-gray line continues to costa at outer fourth, but becomes white
above the middle of wing, where it joins another white line from costa, which
runs obliquely outward to middle of terraen, a similar white streak from costa,
before apex, runs into this at middle of termen. The latter is interrupted by a
streak of black scales below apex, and both of these white lines are outlined with
gray scales. A similar but shorter white line separates the brown patch from
termen above the angle. In apex is a lunate patch of brown overlaid with black.
Cilia leaden-gray, interrupted below apex and at middle by a whitish dash, and
few scales of whitish at angle.

Hindwing: white, tinged w*ith smoky-brown in apex and before margin. Outer
ends of cilia white, shaded with pale brown within. Underside the same.

Underside forewing fuscous, with eight geminate white spots on costa, cilia
dark lead en -gray.

Five specimens, coilected at Cincinnati, Ohio, by Miss Annette F.
Braun, April 29th to May 14tli.

This species is nearer to the European P. botrana than any of the
American species I have seen.

Polychrosis magnoliana sp. nov.

Expanse, % , 11.5 mm. ; 9 ' 1~ mm.

Head, palpi, antennae and thorax cinnamon-brown, thorax streaked with
leaden-black before the tuft, and the outer ends of tuft reddish-brown. Abdo-
men fuscous, anal segment leaden, tuft ochreous. Legs creamy-white, powdered
with blackish-brown.

Forewing: inner half leaden-blue, divided by a narrow transverse line, which
is bluish above and brown below middle. The middle fascia extends from costa
to dorsum, its inner edge nearly straight and vertical; it is narrow to middle,
then broadens outwardly to double the width, and from the widest outward point
curves inwardly to dorsum, where it is less wide than at costa; black above.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 7

brown below middle of wing, and outlined by ochreous-brown scales. Just above
the outer limb of fascia and at about the end of the cell is a conspicuous round
spot of bright ochreous yellow, from the upper edge of which an ochreous streak
goes obliquely towards costa. Above this is a small black quadrate patch on costa
with a streak of blue separating it from the middle fascia. A flattened oval
patch of brown occupies the most of the apical fourth, with a smaller rounded
patch of same color on dorsum before angle; these brown patches are outlined
with shining leaden-gray scales. A similar lunate patch occupies the extreme
apex, brown, dotted with black. On the outer fourth of costa are three geminate
ochreous dots. Cilia mottled ochreous-brown, with a dash of leaden below apex
and at middle.

Hind wing: very dark smoky brown, cilia whitish, paler within. Underside
fuscous, with a yellowish streak above cell.

Underside forewing dark smoky brown, with costal dots repeated, cilia brown
with two leaden dashes in ternien, below apex, and leaden above apex and at
angle angle.

Five specimens, bred from larvjB in the leaves of swamp magnolia.

Bennings Station, District of Columbia, and Moorestown, N, J.
Pupated August 1-7 ; issued August 10-20.

Nearest to P. liriodendrana^'hut can be at once separated by the
conspicuous yellow dot at the end of cell, which can be easily seen
without the use of a lens.

Polychrosis vernoniana sp. nov. -.^.^

Expanse 9-11 mm.

Head: light brown, pale fawn in front; palpi pale fawn within, dark brown
outside; antenna fuscous; thorax cojjpery brown, with a middle and two lateral
black stripes, tuft ferruginous; abdomen fuscous; legs whitish, dusted with
brown.

Forewing: pale bluish-gray. A large triangular fascia in middle of wing, the
inner edge nearly a straight vertical line from costa to dorsum, the outer edge
from costa curves outward and upward to end of cell, thence obliquely inward to
dorsum. In the outer fourth is a large brown spot, touching anal angle below,
and the costal edge above. At anal angle between these two is a small triangu-
lar brown spot. All of these three fasciae and spots have horizontal black lines
running through them. Above the outer limb of the fascia and the terminal
spot, the space below costa is covered with ochreous brown scales mottled with
darker brown. The costa is marked with fine line and dashes from base to apex.
In the apex is an ocellated brown spot. The bluish, slightly shining ground color
in this species is in well-defined bands; before the middle a narrow transverse
band, between which and base is another of same width but more obscure. A
narrow band surrounds the large terminal spot, except where the latter touches
middle of termen, this band sends a spur into costa and into dorsal margin. Cilia
blackish above, brown at angle angle, with a bluish reflection.

Hind wing : dark smoky brown, cilia white outwardly ; underside a shade paler.

Underside forewing smoky fuscous, with eight or nine dull ochreous geminate
spots on costa.

TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. JANUARY, 1907.

8 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Twenty-one specimens, all bred from larvte feeding in the flower
heads and young seeds of Vernonia noveboracensis, Caldwell, N. J. ;
issued August 4th to 10th ; District of Columbia, July 28th to
August 7th ; Dept. Agri., No. 3557, issued May 22d.

Polychrosis ambrosiana sp. nov.

Expanse 9-11 mm.

Head : pale fawn in front, darker over eyes and above ; palpi very pale fawn, a
shade darker on outside and apex; antenna brownish fuscous, becoming dark
gray at outer end; thorax mottled, ochreous brown, black in centre; abdomen
smoky black, anal tuft whitish above, cinereous beneath ; legs very pale fawn,
banded and dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: dull bluish gray, with a transverse brown band from middle of
costa to anal angle, narrow and blackish brown on upper half, widest and lightest
brown on lower half; an oblique line of the bluish ground color crosses this band
on lower half of wing, cutting off a triangular spot on the dorsal margin. There
is a narrow light brown fascia, mottled with darker brown close to base, and a
finer darker line before this; a large patch of fawn-brown, mottled with darker
brown covers apical part of wing, separated from the brown ocellate apical spot
by a crescent-shape line of bluish-gray. This patch, by a darker brown shade,
forms a large lunate spot in middle of wing before termen, which sends a long
spur into termen at middle, another into anal angle, and in upper end is connec-
ted with the fawn-brown streak along costa. The costal edge is fawn-brown,
with fine lines and dashes of darker brown and black. Cilia blackish-fuscous,
becoming brown at anal angle.

Hindwing: smoky fuscous, cilia whitish.

Underside both wings dark silvery-gray, costa dotted with pale fawn.

Fifteen specimens, bred from larvse feeding in the seeds of Am-
brosia trifidi, from Cincinnati, Ohio, forwarded by Miss Annette
F. Braun, and one specimen bred many years ago from the same
seeds by Miss Mary E. Murtfeldt, at Kirkwood, Mo. Larvse were
full fed and pupating from Aug. 10th to 20th ; moths issued Aug.
20th to Sept. 10th. There is a later brood which hibernate in the
seeds as larvse. I have one flown specimen from Miss Braun, cap-
tured May 14th.

Olethrentes gogana sp. nov.

Expanse 20 mm.

Head : dark fuscous ; palpi dark fuscous, black outwardly, pale ochreous at base
and underside of head ; antenna dark fuscous; thorax black, patagia and poste-
rior end streaked with reddish-brown ; abdomen light fuscous, with long lateral
tufts, anal tuft cinereous; legs cinereous dusted with black,

Forewing: dusky black, with obscure grayish-white shining fascia and spots.
The most prominent is from inner fourth of costa to inner third of dorsum,
broader on dorsal margin. There are two narrower bands from beyond middle
of costa to dorsum of anal angle. There are three flattened spots under the costa

W. D. KEARFOTT. \)

between the twin fascite and apex, and a streak from below the middle one to
termen at middle, then to anal angle. In the apex is a large rounded spot of
ochreous, all of the spots in apical third of wing contain ochreous scales; and a
sprinkling of same over the balance of the wing. Cilia shining fuscous, preceded
by an ochreous line.

Hind wing : smoky gray, cilia light gray ; underside same. Underside hind wing
a shade darker, costal spots repeated, and an ochreous preciliate line.

One S specimen, Wellington, B. C, April 4th, collected by G.

W. Taylor.

Olethreiites galaxaiia sp. nov. - — .

Expanse 21 to 23 mm. o

Head : ochreish-brown, mixed with black scales; palpi same shade of brown
outside, paler inside, with a few scales at outer end of tuft, and apical joint
black; antenna shining yellowish-gray; thorax black, thickly speckled with
ochreish-brown, and tips of patagia same color; abdomen blackish-fuscous, pos-
terior edge of each segment pale yellowish-white, anal tuft pale ochreous; legs
fuscous black, thinly ringed and dusted with pale ochreous.

Forewing: pale ochreous-brown or light fawn, with basal patch, middle and
outer fascia black, the dark areas outlined by shining steel-blue metallic scales.

The dark basal area is more or less overlaid with brown scales ; it reaches to
inner sixth on costa, is widest above middle of wing, is sharply indented below
middle. The middle dark fascia is, from costa before middle, as a flattened ovate
spot to below cell ; to its inner, lower edge is joined a similar but smaller spot
which completes the fascia to dorsal margin. The outer fascia begins at outer
fourth of costa as a small spot on costa, enlarges immediately below costa, and, as
a large, flattened ovate spot, extends nearly to termen above anal angle and fills
more than half the area beyond cell. Below it, and separated only by the metal-
lic line, is a rounded dark spot on dorsum before anal angle. The costa in the
dark basal area is lightly speckled with brown, between this and middle fascia
with three geminate brown and black dots, in the outer half with four geminate
brown spots, becoming whitish on entering edge of costa. The four lines of
metallic scales in outer half of wing begin at these germinate spots. A narrow
apical area beyond the last metallic line is black, overlaid with brown. Cilia
shining leaden.

Hind wing: Grayish-fuscous; cilia shining, lighter fuscous, with a darker line
near base ; underside, both wings, same as upper side of hindwing. Costal spots
repeated.

Three specimens, Vernon, B. C, April 13th and May 18th, Vic-
toria, B. C.

Olethreutes glilranana sp. nov.

Expanse 15 to 17 mm.

Head : pale fawn, mixed with black; palpi, pale fawn, shaded with black out-
side, apical joint blackish; antenna pale fawn; thorax blackish-fuscous, edged
with pale fawn ; abdomen black, each segment posteriorly edged with white ;
tuft light ochreous; legs light ochreous, banded and dusted with black.

Forewing: two distinct, narrow creamy-ochreous, clouded with pale brown
fasciae, the inner at inner third and outer at outer third on a ground color of black
rather heavily covered with light reddish-brown scales, the latter thicker in api-

TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (2) FKBEUARY, 1907.

10 AMERKUN LEPID0PTP:RA.

ciil thiifl. The inner pale fascia form two geminate spots on costa ; from the
inner a broken line of steel-hlue metHllic scales, starting on the inside edge of
fascia, crosses it, and on lower half outlines the outer edge ; from the outer gemi-
nate spot a sliort line of metallic bounds the outer edge of fascia. There are two
similar geminate spots and metallic lines from outer pale fascia; the inner line
is much broken, but in dots outlines the inner edge of fascia; tlie outer metallic
line follows outer edge of fascia to middle, then goes nearly to anal angle, but
does not connect with a small group of metallic scales at that i)oint.' Theie are
two geminate costal spots before apex, from the inner a metallic line margins
termen nearly to anal angle ; from the outer a short metallic line defines a darker
apical spot; between these lines is a streak or narrow fascia of reddish-brown.
There is a blackish preciliate line preceded by an irregular mottled line. The
cilia is shining leaden at apex, cream color below, with dashes of brownish-fus-
cous in middle of wing and outwardly edged with this color below middle.

Hindwing: smoky, dark brown; cilia cream-white with a fuscous basal line;
underside the same, but somewhat mottled with pale fawn ; underside forewing
smoky, dark brown ; costal dots repeated.

Ten specimens, Aweme, Manitoba, June 39th to July 5th, Nor-
man Criddle ; Kegina, Assa., July 2(:1, T. N. Willing; Winnipeg,
Man., A. W. Han ham.

01eihreiile»t coronaiia sp. nuv.

Expanse 16 to 19 mm.

Head: pale fawn, mixed with a few black scales on top; palpi pale fawn,
blackish on outer end of tuft and with a black dot above on outside of second and
first joints; antenna whitish-fawn; thorax fawn in which black is mixed ; ends
of patagia paler fawn ; abdomen blackish-fuscous, posterioily each segment edged
with whitish; anal tuft yellowish-ochreous, darker at base; legs dark cream,
banded and powdered with blackish-brown.

Forewing : pale olivaceous brown or light fawn, mottled with black and crossed
by a number of steely-blue metallic lines. The black scales are closer together
forming a dark fascial shade across wing at middle; inner edge straight, outer
edge rounded ; its width at middle is half the width of wing. A similar but less
distinct dark shade'beyoud end of cell, starting from the two middle of the four
geminate costal spots on outer half; its inner edge slightly concave to dorsal
margin, its outer edge sweeping around before termen. The paler fascia between
these is narrower than the outer dark fascia, and is divided at its lower third,
sending a branch to anal angle and one to outer fourth of dorsum, and enclosing
in the fork a triangular darker spot. The metallic irregularly separates these
lighter and darker areas. A short metallic line from costa before apex outlines
a small brown spot. Cilia cream-white with a small spot of fuscous in apex, and
similar dashes at ends of veins 3, 4, and 5.

Hindwing: cream-white, lightly dotted with brownish-fu.scous around margin,
and veins 6 and 7 overlaid with same color beyond the cell; cilia whitish with a
darker basal line; underside the same with le.ss brown scales. Underside fore-
wing olivaceous brown, mottled with yellowish-white before termen and costal
spots repeated in same color.

Three specimens, Aweme, Man., July 9tli and 31st, Norman Crid-
dle; Beulah, Man., Aug. 15th, A. J. Dennis.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 11

Olethreutes rosaschreaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12.5 to 14 rnm.

Head : dark rose, tinffed with oehreous behind, and the frontal scales tipped
with black; palpi dark rose, oehreous within ; antenna grayish-fnscoiis ; thorax
dark rose, oehreous in centre ; abdomen silvery-fuscous; legs cream-white dusted
with dark brown.

Forewing: above fold dark rose, below fold orange-ochrepus, except at extreme
base and at outer end, where the oehreous merges into the prevailing rose color.
There is a shining patch of paler rose on upper third of wing between base and
middle ; the upper edge of this merges into oehreous on costa. There is a similar
patch of paler shining rose scales in the ocellic area ; it follows terraen from lower
third around angle to outer fifth of dorsum ; its upper edge nearly reaches middle
of wing, and sends a rounded process inward before curving downward and out-
ward to dorsum ; near its upper edge are a few metallic scales. Between this
piatch and the oehreous dorsal patch there is a blaekish-rose shade along outer
third of fold. On the costa between inner third and apex are five geminate,
very oblique yellowish streaks, the inner is in the light rose shining patch ; from
the streak in middle of wing is a long streak of shining rose paralleling costa and
curving gradually before apex and termen, ending in the latter below middle.
This shining streak is bounded inwardly by a broader streak of dull rose. Be-
tween the shining streak and apical margin, including upper half of termen, the
interspaces between veins dull oehreous, and the dull rose over the veins is out-
wardly lightly strigulated with whitish-yellow. Before the black preciliate line
is a line of dull rose shaded with black over veins. Near the outer end of cell
are two spots of leaden fuscous, the smaller near upper edge and larger near lower
edge of cell. Cilia rose, becoming gray at anal angle and touched with blackish
at end of each vein.

Hindwing: dull, smoky brown; cilia same, but shining, with a darker basal
line; underside, both wings the same.

Six specimens, Florida, from Prof. Fernald's collection. Cotypes
in his and my collection.

The wing coloration of this species is allied to Malachitana Lell.

Olethreutes ocliromediana sp. nov.

Expanse 11.5 to 12 mm.

Head : mixed oehreous and black, paler oehreous in front and base of antenna ;
palpi pale oehreous, two black spots on outside of second joint; apical joint
black; antenna grayish-fuscous; thorax oehreous, patagia and posterior tuft
blackish-fuscous; abdomen grayish-fuscous, anal tuft pale yellow ; legs creamy-
white dusted with dark fuscous.

Forewing: basal area and apical third mottled black, oehreous and shining
blue lines. The middle of the wing is covered by a broad oehreish fascia, com-
mencing as a narrow spot on costa but swelling out below and covering half the
dorsum. Its inner edge begins on costa at inner third, is nearly straight for a
third the width of wing, then curves convexly to dorsum at inner fourth ; the
outer edge begins close beyond the inner edge, curves convexly to dorsum at
outer fourth ; it is dentate, sending out spurs at upper fourth, middle, and lower

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

12 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

third. Between the fascia and base is an ochreous costal spot that sends a line to
dorsum, but is interrupted at fold. Beyond the fascia are several ochreous
streaks, the inner connecting with an ochreous and black patch ; the one from
middle of wing sends a curving fascia under costa to anal angle before termen.
On the outer third the ochreous spots merge together in a continuous streak be-
low costa. The dark ground color is almost entirely overlaid or dotted with
metallic blue. There are some black vertical lines from ocellus to above middle
of wing. The ocelluS is not clearly defined, consisting of an irregular line of
steely-blue scales defined on each side by these black lines. Cilia pinkish-fuscous.
Hindwing: smoky fuscous, slightly paler at base, cilia whitish; underside
both wings grayish-fuscous; forewing a shade darker with costal spots repeated
on extreme edge.

Three specimens, Hazleton, Pa., June 4th and July 14th, Dr.
Dietz ; Hampton, N. H., July 25th, S. Albert Shaw.

Allied to and very much like osmundana Fern., but entirely lacks
the shining whitish bands in the outer half of that species as well as
its well-defined spot on dorsum before anal angle.

Oletlireutes daeckeaiia sp. nov. ^-^

Expanse 17 to 19 mm.

Head: black, mixed with pink scales; palpi pale fawn, black outwardly and
apically; antenna blackish-fuscous; thorax blue-black; patagia mottled, pale
fuscous and pink; abdomen fuscous; legs cinereous, dusted and banded with
black.

Forewing: mottled, shining, dull blue-black and piukish-ochreous. There is
a transverse fascia in middle of wing of velvety-black scales, changing to dull
ochreous at dorsum ; the inner edge is indented four times ; the outer edge gives
ofif three long spurs about equally separated. A smaller black spot is on fold at
inner fourth ; a disconnected black streak runs from it to base, and above it on
costa is another. There is a lunate black spot before apex and a black line from
anal angle to above middle of wing. The black spots are generally outwardly
outlined with reddish-ochreous. The balance of the ground color is shining
dull-Wue, dotted with black and pinkish-ochreous. Before the middle the costa
is marked with six short reddish-ochreous dashes ; there are four larger wedge-
shaped streaks of same color on outer half; the two outer join below costa and
send a line paralleling termen to middle of wing ; the outer ends of veins before
termen are outlined with black. Cilia bluish-fuscous with a darker line at base.

Hindwing: coppery -brown ; cilia fuscous with darker basal line; underside,
both wings the same; forewing less coppery and more grayish-fuscous.

Ten specimens, bred from larvae boring in the stalks and flowers
of the pitcher plant, Sarracenia purjnirea, at Toms River, N. J.,
and Brown's Mills Junction, N. J., issued July 4th to Aug. 4th, all
collected and bred by Mr. E. Daecke, in whose honor the species is
named.

This species belongs to the group in which are hebesana Walk,
and agilana Clem.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 13

Olethreiites wellingtoiiiana sp. nov. """"

Expanse 18 mm.

Head: fuscous, hoary-white ou top; palpi cinereous, outer joint dark brown,
antenna cinereous; thorax mottled white and fuscous: abdomen yellowish; legs
ashy-white, shaded with dark brown.

Forewing: mottled, white, gray, dark fuscous and black. The darker scales
form a fascia across wing beyond middle; the inner edge from costa at middle
curving slightly inward to middle of wing; thence more or less distinctly to
dorsum ; the outer edge from costa at three-fifths from base, angles outwardly to
middle of cell, then obliquely inward to dorsum before angle. It contains a
whitish shade in outer angle, and is mottled with black above middle, with an
occasional ferruginous scale. Before this is a white fascia, only clearly defined
on upper half; before this is a darker shade, not definite enough to call a fascia,
it contains four black dots in middle of wing, two above and two below fold.

The small basal area is slightly paler. Beyond the principal dark fascia, the
apical fourth is white, with four indistinct large gray costal spots, the inner two
sending a gray shade curving toward terpien then to anal angle.

There is a row of seven or eight terminal black dots, the three upper ones the
most distinct. Cilia grayish-fuscous, with a whitish basal line.

Hind wing: cinereous-gray, cilia same ; underside same shade but mottled with
fuscous.

Underside forewing dark cinereous gray, costal spots repeated and line at ter-
minal dots faintly repeated.

Two specimens, Wellington, Br. Col., May 19th, collected by Rev.
George W. Taylor.

OlethreuteN separalaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12-15 mm.

H^d : black; palpi black, fuscous within; antenna fuscous; thorax black,
patagia pale lilac, with a black spot near base, posterior tuft bronzy-black ; thorax,
inner half, cinereous, outer half fuscous; legs grayish-white, banded and dusted
with dark brown.

Forewing: outer two-fifths pale lilaceous-white, with four pale fuscous costal
streaks and a shade of the same color before termen. A small black dot in mid-
dle of wing at end of cell ; and a gray shade at anal angle. The inner three-fifths
of wing is mottled black and gray, with a lilaceous patch from base to inner
fourth on upper half of wing which connects by a few pale scales with a gemi-
nate quadrate spot between dorsum and fold before middle of wing. Cilia pink-
ish-fuscous, paler at angle.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia whitish; underside yellowish-gray, mottled
with fuscous

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, costal dots repeated.

Nine specimens, Essex Co., N. J., June 14th to 15th ; New
Brighton, Pa., June 2d and Aug. 20th, J. A. Merrick ; Washington
Co., Ark., Aug., A. J. Bi'own ; Cincinnati, Ohio, June 17th, Miss
Braun.

TKA.NS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

14 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Tliis species has been wrongly identified as 0. dwiidiana Sodoff.
in almost all collections. Dhnidiana is a darker species. It has a
spot on costa at inner third, and the blackish area conies much closer
to anal angle. It does not have the pale shade from base and the
pale spot on dorsum before middle. Have never seen a North
American specimen at all like the European dimidiana, and do not
believe it occurs on this continent.

Olethreutes mana sp. nov.

Expanse 18 mm.

Head : ferruginous and black ; palpi pale cinereous, outer end of tuft and apical
joint blackish ; antenna brownish-fuscous, blackish at base ; thorax brown, poste-
rior tuft black ; abdomen fuscous; legs yellowish-white, banded and dusted with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: inner three-fifths yellowish-brown, vertically strigulated with wavy
darker brown and fuscous, which on the costa form darker dots; below the fold
on the inner half is a whitish shade, with a cluster of long blackish scales on the
dorsum before it. The outer two-fifths is creamy-white, with a shade of fine fus-
cous dots before apex, divided by a line of raised shining cream-white scales ;
there is a small patch of leaden scales above middle of wing at end of cell, sur-
rounded by a ring of white raised scales, with a small tuft of the same above and
below, the latter running to anal angle and continued along termen to' middle.
There is a leaden spot in middle of wing near end of cell and another below it
on the dorsum, both in the dark area. The dark and whitish areas are rather
sharply defined, the division being straight from outer third of costa to middle
of dorsum. There are four blackish dots on costa in white area, and black scales
are over each vein forming a terminal row, at the apex the black scales are more
frequent. Cilia dirty white, becoming fuscous and black at apex.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia white, with a dark basal line; underside
creamy-white, mottled and outward strigulated with brownish fnscous.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, dotted with creamy-white along costa and
an preapical line of the same shade.

Two specimens, Black Jack Springs, Texas, Dr. Barnes ; Victo-
ria, Texas, April 10th, E. A. Schwartz.

Should be placed in list between nimbatana Clem, and separatana
Kearf.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus, and my collection.

Olethreiites rubipunctaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 17-22 mm.

Head: light brown on top, black in front and over eyes; palpi light brown
inside, smoky black outside, apical joint black, tipped with light brown ; thorax
centre black, pale fawn at base of tuft, tuft saffron-red, patagia fuscous at base
becoming pale fawn outwardly; abdomen grayish-fuscous, tuft pale ochreous;
legs yellowish-white, banded and dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: the outer third pinkish-white, inner two-thirds mottled with shades
of brown and black. In the middle of wing is a large black patch, its upper edge

W. J). KEARFOTT. 15

touching costa, and lower ueaily to middle of wing, about as wide as deep, two
streaks of brown scales divide it in some specimens. There is a shade of dull
slate-blue before and below it, and a few scales of the color on its outer edge be-
neath costa. Between the slate-blue streak and dorsal margin the fascia is con-
tinued of light brown mixed with black. Below the inner half of slate-blue
scales is a pinkish-white patch on dorsum, and above it a light mottled brown
patch to costa, the three forming a paler fascia. Inside of this pale fascia the
basal area is mottled shades of brown, shaded outwardly with black below costa
and below middle. On the dorsum at base is a patch of slate-blue. In the outer
third white area there is a conspicuous spot above dorsum, inside the ocellic area,
of two or three shoi't vertical lines of brown and black, and a more or less dis-
tinct single line running up to middle of wing. There is a broken narrow band
of black and brown scales from costal spot before apex to termen below middle,
crossed on veins 6 and 7 by bluish lines ; in some specimens the bluish vein lines,
with the black interspaces at theii' outer ends closely resemble the rim and spokes
of a fifteen degree wheel segment. On the costa, in the whitish area, are four
large saffron spots ; the apical spot is black, edged with saffron. Oiling shining
dark blue, dusky at apex, whitish at anal angle, a fine whitish basal line preceded
by black terminal line.

Hindwing: light coppery-brown, cilia whitish, underside gray, with a coppery
deflection.

Underside forewing: smoky black, with large paler mottlings on costa and
outer end.

Six specimens, Placer Co., Cal., May 1st, Vachell ; Cisco, Cal.,
June 1st, Vachell ; San Luis Obispo, Cal., March, Vachell ; Colo-
rado, No. 2693, Gillette.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and my collection.

OlethreuteK reinoTaiia sp. nov. _— -«~

Expanse 17-21 mm.

Head, palpi and antenna grayish-brown ; thorax gray, tips of tuft and patagia
pink; thorax, golden-gray tufts of long scales, on side whitish, anal tuft golden-
brown ; legs cream-white, banded and dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: dark gray, mottled with a darker shade. The color of wing is
nearly a uniform gray, with all marking obsolete, with the eye can be seen a
faintly darker line from middle of costa to anal angle; with a lens there is a
darker shade at inner fourth of costa forming an inner fascia, entirely obsolete
below middle of wing, and along costa slightly darker costal spots separated by a
shade lighter gray. In the middle of wing before termen is a darker shade.
Cilia coucolorous.

Hindwing: light smoky brown, cilia whitish, darker at apex, underside whit-
ish-brown, darker along termen and mottled below costa.

Underside forewing: dark fuscous-gray, with large whitish geminate costal
spots.

Four specimens. New Brighton, Pa., Aug. 21st, F. A. Merrick;
Algonquin, 111., June 25th, Dr. Nason ; Aweme, Man., Aug. 16th,
Norman Criddle ; Chicago, 111., June, J. H. Reading.

TEANS. AM. ENT. SO<:. XXXIII. FEBRUARY. 1907.

a^

16 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Olethreutes provana sp. nov.

Expanse 22 mm. ^

Head and thorax yellowish-white, posterior tuft black; palpi light brown;
shaded with black on outside ; autennse light fuscous ; abdomen yellowish brown,
legs yellowish-white, dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: white, with an inner and middle dark fascia, the beginning of an
outer fascia and two dark spots on costa between latter and apex.

The fasciae and spots are white, dotted with black and edged with black. The
inner fascia is very close to base and encloses a small basal patch of white, its
outer edge starts at inner sixth, and is indented in middle of wing, reaching dor-
sum at inner third ; the middle fascia consists of three superimposed spots, the
upper at middle of costa, its lower end pointed and touching the middle one
which is oval and horizontal, the dorsal spot is before anal angles and well de-
fined on inner side only. The outer semi-fascia is in the shape of a large rounded
spot on outer third of costa and reaching to upper third of wing, between it and
dorsum is a small shade of dark scales. The two inner fascia are somewhat over-
cast with yellowish, and the outer spots with olivaceous gray. Between the inner
and middle fasciae the ground color forms a distinctly outlined white fascia, with
a few vertical strigulations of gray. Before the termen is a line of black scales,
not reaching apex and below middle broken into three dots. Cilia grayish fus-
cous, with a darker line at base.

Hindwing: pale brown, darker outwardly, cilia whitish and darker basal line.
Underside yellowish-white mottled at apex.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, mottled with darker, costal spot repeated.

One $ specimen. Wellington, B. C, April, Rev. George W.
Taylor.

Olethrentes devotana sp. nov.

Expanse 14 to 15 mm.

Head and palpi fawn-brown; antenna gray, brown at base; thorax reddish-
purple; patagia lilaceous-gray and the same color at base of tuft; abdomen and
legs pale-ochreous, latter faintly dusted with brown.

Forewing: blackish-bronzy -brown, overlaid with metallic-blue on inner half
below costal spots aiid on dorsum before anal angle. In the middle of dorsum is
a large rounded cream-white spot; the apical fifth of wing is cream-white, in-
dented by a brown shade from apex, opposite the inner end of which is a round
patch of metallic-blue; thus the white is nearly divided into two spots, the
smaller, triangular one on costa before apex and the larger one lying within the
lower half of termen. There is a dot of blue in the latter near its upper edge,
and an oblique streak of blue crosses the dark apical shade from the costal spot
before it. Over the ocellic area are shining white scales. Cilia brown at apex,
white below middle.

Hindwing and underside both wings fuscous-brown.

Three specimens. Hastings, Fla., June 8th, A. T. Brown ; Ch.
Harbor, Fla., March (Hulst collection), Dr. Dietz ; Florida, Prof.
Fern aid.

Cotypes in Prof. Fernald's and my collection.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 17

Eucosina paudaiia sp. uuv.

Expanse 24 to 28 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax whitish-cinereous, speckled with brownish-fuscous;
apical joint of palpi black; antenna cinereous; abdomen pale cinereous; legs
whitish, dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: dark reddish-brown, heavily overlaid with white-tipped scales;
the whitish color forms a wide fascia from middle of costa to dorsum ; its inner
line angles outwardly to middle of wing, then obliquely inward to inner fourth
of dorsum. The outer line is not clearly defined, but is as a shade from middle
of costa to outer fourth of dorsum. Beyond this and parallel to it is a band of
the darker color, outwardly edged with whitish scales; it curves inward slightly
at end of cell and terminates in anal angle. On the outer third of costa are four
obscure dark costal spots outlined with white. The ocellus consists of an irregu-
lar cluster of slightly shining whitish scales. Cilia same as wing, preceded by an
irregular line of white.

Hindwiug: light smoky-fuscous; cilia paler and preceded by a darker hand.
Underside smoky-fuscous, strigulated with fuscous. Underside forewing smoky-
fuscous, minutely dotted with whitish ; costa dotted with pale-ochreous and dark-
brown spots.

Five specimens. Wilgus, Cochise Co., Ariz., Dr. Barnes ; Kerr-

ville, Texas, Dr. Barnes.

Eucosma naiidana sp. nov.

Expanse 26 to 30 mm.

Head : brownish-gray, speckled with whitish ; palpi gray-black, speckled with
whitish; antenna light fuscous; abdomen pale cinereous, speckled with light
brown ; anal tuft reddish-brown ; legs whitish, powdered with brownish-fuscous.

Forewing: ochreous-gray ; the tips of many of the scales are white, giving a
powdered appearance over the whole surface ; the ochreous-gray are replaced by
blackish-brown scales in an obscurely defined baud from inner third of dorsum
to outer three-fifths of costa. This dark fascia is clearly defined on its outer
edge, and is indented a quarter below costa. In some specimens the dark shade
extends to base; in others it is lost before reaching the inner fourth. On the
outer end of wing a similar darker line starts from near apex, obliquely, to end
of cell in middle of wing, then angles outward, then inward to dorsal margin at
outer fourth. Beyond this are some dark vertical strigulse. The dark lines are
caused by the absence of the white tips to the scales. Cilia brown, thickly dotted
with white.

Hind wing: pale fuscous in % , darker fuscous in 9 > cilia fuscous, dotted with
darker scales; underside pale cinereous; underside forewing smoky-brown.

Six specimens. Rounthwaite, July, Marmont; Regina, Sept.,
Willing ; Chicago, 111. ; Iowa, Gillette, Acac. Cat., 142.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Eacosma niandana sp. nov.
Expanse 18-19 mm.

Head, thorax and antenna rusty brown ; palpi cream color, fuscous outwardly ;
abdomen whitish-fuscous, tuft darker; legs whitish-fuscous, dusted with brown.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (3) FBBBUARY, 1907.

18 AMERICAN I.EPIDOPTERA.

Forewinfr: rusty brown, mottled with daiker brown on costa, the outer half of
costa obliquely striped with reddish and pink lines, between these are lines of
dull leaden scales, the longest extending from outer fourth of costa to middle of
ternieu. The ocellie spot contains two or three short black lines, the vertical side-
bars are dull leaden. Cilia gray, powdered with black.

Hind wing: light fuscous, cilia whitish ; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, ochreous-brown on costa, mottled with
darker brown.

Four specimens. Montclair, N. J., July 1st, Light Trap ; Wash-
ington, D. C, June, at light, A. Busck ; Plummer's Island, Md.,
July 9th, A. Busck.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

KucoMma laiidana sp. nov.

Expanse 23 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax black, fiuely speckled with whitish-gray ; antennai
fuscous; abdomen whitish-gray ; mottled with fuscous; legs whitish, powdered
with gray above and anuulated with brownish fuscous on the tarsi.

Forewing: dark gray, evenly speckled all over with whitish. Cilia pale gray,
speckled with whitish internally.

Hind wing: light smoky fuseous, with darker mottlings around external edge,
cilia whitish ; underside light ochreous-fuscous. mottled along costa with brown
and a few dots of same color along outer margin.

Underside forewing: same as hind wing, but a shade more gray and less ochre
ous, mottled with browu along costa and external margin.

Four specimens. Rounthwaite, Manitoba, Can., April 25ll), col-
lected by L. E. Marmont; Aweme, Man., May 18tli to June 12tii,
Norman Criddle.

This species is unlike any Tortricid I have ever seen ; its very
distinctive and unique color plan will make it easily recognizable.

. Eucosina canariaiia sp. nov. -- -~

Expanse 28-34 mm.

Head : canary-yellow ; palpi pale clay-brown ; autennge same as palpi, yellow
at base; thorax canary-yellow, somewhat paler in the middle and the ends of
patagia; abdomen cream color ; legs, pale clay-color, with a yellowish tinge.

Forewing: shining silvery-white, with two canary-yellow lines from base to
termen ; the upper line starts on costa at base, continues in a straight line to ter-
men, where it curves up and ends at extreme apex ; the second line begins at
the middle of base, continues in a slightly curved line below the fold to anal
angle, at end of cell it sends an oblique spur up to the upper line ; at the anal
angle it continues up to the termen for a distance equal to its own width, then
continues up through the cilia almost to the apex. These yellow lines are lightly
dotted with brown on their outer ends. Cilia,. except as noted, pale yellowish-
cream. Male costal fold yellow.

Hindwing: pale fuscous, cilia white ; underside whitish.

Underside hindwing: smoky fuscous, cream color along costa.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 19

Eight specimens. Stockton, Utah, Aug. 1st to 11th, Tom Spal-
ding ; Utah, July, O, C. Poling ; Southwestern Colorado, July 11th
and 14th, W. E. Dietz; Glenwood Springs, Colo., Aug., W. E.
Dietz.

This species is closely allied to E. crambitana Wlsm. The lines
of the latter are Indian red ; the upper line ends in a strong fork,
and the spur from lower to upper line is absent.

Eucosma fandana sp. nov.

Expanse 32 mm.

Head and tliorax olivaceous-yellow; palpi and antennte pale clay color; abdo-
men silvery wbite, anal tuft pale clay; legs white, dusted with pale fuscous.

Forewing: a light olivaceous-yellow, with two silvery-white horizontal lines.
The upper begins on costa at inner fourth and ends in apex, beyond the middle
the costa along this line is edged with yellow. The second starts at base, and
runs in nearly a straight line through middle of wing nearly to termen. at its
outer end it turns upward and points towards apex. At the extreme base the
white color spreads to dorsal margin. Cilia yellowish-cream.

Hind wing: fuscous, cilia white, clouded with fuscous; underside paler fuscous,
white along costa.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, yellowish along costa and white below
vein 16.

One specimen. Denver, Colo., Oslar.

Belongs in the same group as crambitana Wlsm. and canariana
Kearf., but whereas in these two species the silvery white is the
predominant color, in this one the reverse is the case.

Eucosina spaldingana ep. nov. -'•'»■>

Expanse 14-20 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen white; antenna pale fuscous, with a whitish
bloom; legs white, dusted with light brown.

Forewing: silvei\y-white, with two transverse narrow bands, and patch in api-
cal end pale clay-yellow, rather heavily overlaid with Indian-red scales. The
inner line starts from inner fourth of dorsum, and reaches costa at inner third, it
follows costa to beyond half and again crosses wing, obliquely to dorsum, before
anal angle, where it broadens out and covers the outer third of dorsum. From
middle of wing at end of cell it sends a spur into apex, this broadens below apex
into a large patch covering the upper two-thirds of outer fourth, with a few
scattered scales continuing along termen to anal angle. On the costa, just before
apex, the dark color encloses a small spot of white. The male costal fold is of
the dark color and a small patch of same below it. Cilia white.

Hindwing: silvery-whitish-fuscous; underside the same, cilia white.

Underside forewing: pale clay-yellow, mottled with pale brown.

Fourteen specimens. Stockton, Utah, June 19th to Aug. 11th;
all collected by Tom Spalding.

TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. X.XXIII. FEBBUAKY, 1907.

20 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Kucosina gandana sp. nov. — —

Expanse, 9 > ^3 mrn.

Head and thorax pale yellow; palj)! and antennie, pale clay-yellow; abdomen
white, with a faint yellowish reflection ; legs cream color, dusted with darker
clay-yellow.

Forewino : very pale yellow, without stripes or marks; a shade paler along
costa and in outer fourtii beyond cell. Cilia the same.

Hindwing: white, finely checkered with very light fuscous, cilia white. Under-
side the same.

Underside forewing: yellowish -fuscous.

One 9 . Denver, Colo., Sept. 10th, Oslar.

This species is of the same shape and general appearance as cram-
bitana and canariana. I would not venture to describe it from one
9 except that it can be easily recognized by its uniform wing col-
oring without marks of any kind.

Eucosma handana sp. nov.

Expanse 23-.30 mm.

Head and thorax pale brown ; antennse pale brown, dusted with darker brown
outwardly; antennae clay-yellow; abdomen and legs pale fuscous, latter dusted
with light brown.

Forewing: clay-yellow, rather heavily overlaid with pale pinkish terra-cotta-
brown. Tliere are no well defined fasciae or spots; the darker shade forms an
obscure triangular patch, with base resting on dorsal margin between inner and
outer fourths, the point of the triangle reaching top of cell a third from base. On
the outer third are vertical irrorations of shining clay-yellow. The edge of the
costa is reticulated with the two shades. Cilia clay-yellow, inwardly edged with
a slightly darker line.

Hindwing: pale clay-yellow, the veins overlaid with light terra cotta. Cilia
whitish. Underside the same.

Underside forewing; clay-yellow, reticulated with pale brown.

Five specimens. Stockton, Utah, July ; collected by Tom Spal-
ding.

This species will go in the group of grandifiavana Wlsm. subfla-
va)ia Wlsm. and larana Wlsm.

Eucosma kandatna sp. nov.

Expanse 18-20 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax clay-yellow: abdomen whitish-j^ellow. tnft
darker; legs pale clay-yellow.

Forewing: clay-yellow, reticulated along costa and outer third with very pale
brown. There are several irregular vertical shining streaks of clay-yellow from
costa before apex, two of which reach to anal angle and form the two vertical
bars of an obscure ocellic spot, between and on each side of the bars and also in
the apex are a few tiny dark brown dots. Cilia jiale brown, dotted internally
with dark brown.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 21

Hindwing: mucli darker than forewing, smoky brown, cilia pale brown;
underside the same but a shade lighter.

Underside forewing: sams as upperside of hindwing, with the reticulations re-
peated along the costa.

Six specimens. Stockton, Utah, Aug. 4th to 17th ; collected by
Tom Spalding.

This species belongs with the irroratana Wlsm. and atomosana
Wlsm. group.

Eiicosma fioridaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 18-22 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax white, with large spots of very pale terra eotta on the
crest of the head, base of antenna, posterior end of thorax and end of patagia ;
antenna whitish-fuscous; abdomen cinereous, anal tuft whitish-ochreous; legs
pale terra cotta, dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: pale terra cotta, darker towards apex, lighter below costa, the ex-
treme costa is a darker shade and profusely marked with white dots, the dots on
the outer half are continued as lines of shining opalescent scales, from the outer
fourth the line runs obliquely to ternien below apex ; the line before this, from
costa between half and outer third, is somewhat broken and runs obliquely, par-
alelling the upper line, to vein 7, beyond end of cell, thence follows the vein to
termen. Before the apex is a short vertical line, and dots of the shining whitish
scales occur over the outer third of wing. The ocellic spot is large, whitish-gray,
dotted with darker gray and blackish scales, inwardly the vertical bar of shining
scales is irregular, the outer bar is missing, but a line of four or five dots of
shining scales are in the outer edge of spot. Cilia gray, dotted with blackish.

Hiudwing: light smoky fuscous, white above cell. Cilia gray-fuscous. Under-
side both wings smoky fuscous.

Forewing: darker and mottled with pale ochreous along costa.

Seven specimens. Hastings, Fla., Oct. 6th to 15th ; collected by
A. J. Brown.

This species will go in the group with cataclystiana Walk.

Encosma i-aiidana sp. nov. -"

Expanse 24-28 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax grayish-brown; antenna and abdomen fuscous; legs
whitish powdered with light brown.

Forewing: light ocherous-brown, closely strigulated on costa and outer half of
wing with vertical black lines. Ocellic spot very large, white, witli three hori-
zontal rows of five each quadrate spots, overlaying these black spots, on the
inside, in the middle and the outer edge are short vertical bars of raised (curved
over, flattened], leaden, shining scales. There are five short lines of these same
scales from costa l)etween end of male costal fold and apex, each ending in a
white spot on extreme edge of costa, the line before apex is longest and paralell-
ing termen, ends above the bar outlining the ocellic spot. Four smaller dots
before the ocellic spot. Cilia white, atomized with black.

Hiudwing: smoky fuscous, cilia whitish; underside grayish-fuscous.

Underside forewing: dark smoky fuscous, with costal spots repeated in pale
ochreous.

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

22 ' AMERICAN LHPIDOPTERA.

Eight specimens. Denver, Colo., Clear Creek, Colo., June 16th ;
all collected by E. J. Oslar.

This species is very much like E. circula Hbn., but the size is very
much larger, and the costal and ocellic spots are somewhat differently
arranged.

Eucosma sandana sp. nov. ^"^

Expanse 19-24 mm.

Head : whitish clay-yellow: palpi white, dusted on outside with pale-clay yel-
low; antenna pale gi'ay ; thorax whitish in front, clay-yellow in middle and gray
hehind ; abdomen shining cinereous, tuft clay-yellow; legs whitish, dusted with
ochreous.

Forewing: ochreous-brown, inner half of costa, above cell, whitish, dotted with
browu ; ocellic spot large, covering almost the entire outer fourth of wing, finely
dotted with black in a large round spot, in the lower half are three horizontal
black lines, crossed by three vertical bars of shining golden scales. From the
outer half of costa are two long lines of shining scales, the inner runs obliquely
outward to end of cell, then vertically downward inside the ocellic spot, but sepa-
rated from latter by a line of ground color; the outer runs obliquely, outlining
the ocellic spot above to ternien below apex. A few metallic dots on interior of
wing. The outer half of costa is marked with small wedge-shaped whitish spots,
separated by the brown ground color. Cilia gray, powdered with black dots.

Hindwing: pale gray, cilia whitish ; underside the same.

Underside forewing : ochreous gray.

Three specimens. Volga, S. Dak., W. E. Dietz ; Chimney Gulcii,
Golden, Colo., Sept. 3, E. J. Oslar.

Encosma reversana sp. nov.

Expanse 17-19 mm.

Head, thorax, palpi and abdomen white, shaded with pale brown on outer side
of patagia and palpi; antenna white, finely annulated between joints with fus-
cous; legs white, powdered with clay-yellow.

Forewing: white, with grayish-brown spots and semi-fascise ; below the costa
these dark spots and bauds all incline inward, that is, nearer the base on their
lower ends and nearer the apex at their upper ends. There is an obscure patch
of dark scales in middle of wing at base ; from inner fourth of dorsal margin a
fascia runs obliquely outward above middle of wing, broader at its upper end ; a
band lies obliquely over end of cell, twice as long as wide and not touching either
costal or dorsal margin ; on outer fourth of dorsum a short oblique patch borders
inner side of ocellic spot; from apex is a short streak to middle of wing, broad-
ening out below. The costa is marked with alternate white and brown dashes,
the white dashes on outer half are geminate, and the pair before the apex curve
downward and outward into termen below apex. Ocellic spot obscure, a few dots
of dark bi-own, bounded on each side by vertical bars of shining white scales.
Cilia white, dotted with black.

Hindwing: yellowish-gray, cilia white; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky gray, costal spots repeated.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 23

Three specimens. San Antonio, Texas, Dr. Wm. Barnes.
This species much resembles E. atomosana Fern., but can readily
be separated, as the direction of tHe stripes are reversed.

Eucosma brightonana sp. nuv. ^c.-

Expanse 13-16 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax grayish-brown ; palpi, abdomen and legs fuscous.

Forewiiig: gray-brown; a large dark brown spot on dorsum, between inner
fourth and middle, extending to middle of wing, pointed on top, rounded on
sides; a smaller spot of same shape and color on dorsum before angle ; from the
middle of costa an irregular narrow fascia goes obliquely to middle of wing at
end of cell, sending a wavy line down to the dorsal spot before angle. Beyond
this is a paler gray brown fascia, beginning on fascia as a germinate spot, broad-
ening below until it involves all of the ocellic space. Beyond it on costa are three
paler geminate streaks. A darker shade in apex. Cilia dark gray.

Hind wing: smoky fuscous, cilia brownish-gray; underside of both wings the
same, with a dark spot in apex of forewing.

Seven specimens. New Brighton, Pa., July 29th to Aug. 10th ;
all collected by F. A. Merrick.

Encostna tandana sp. nov.

Expanse 20-22 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax grayish-brown, patagia whitish posteriorly;
abdomen brownish-white; legs yellowish-white.

Forewings: grayish-brown, darker on the male fold, and the trace of a darker
fascia from middle of costa ; tlie costa in the outer half is faintly strigulated with
brown. These marks are all very faint and inconspicuous. There are two
prominent dark brown spots; one before the middle of wing, resting on dorsum,
its upper end touching fold, it is about as wide as long and slightly rounded on
the sides; in one specimen a streak of brown is continued up above middle of
wing and connecting with the obscure central fascia. The other spot is in the
apical end of the wing ; it rests on costa before apex and extends down nearly to
anal angle, it is nearly straight on its outer edge and convex on its inner edge,
its length is twice as long as its width on costa, there is a narrow line of grouhd
color between the upper two-thirds of its length and termen. Cilia gray-brown.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia paler; underside gray-brown, a shade darker
along costa.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, spotted with dull ochreous along costa and
termen.

Four specimens. Algonquin, 111., July 8th, Dr. Nasou ; New
Brighton, Pa., July 18th, F. A, Merrick ; Arlington Heights, 111.,
Aug. 15th, A. McElhose ; Iowa, Ac. Cat. U. S. Nat. Mus., 985,
Gillette.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

24 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

EiicoMma vandaiia sp. nov. —

Expanse 12-16 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax whitish to grayish-brown, apical joint palpi black;
antennsB whitish-gray; abdomen fuscous; legs whitish, powdered with brown.

Forewing: dull blackish-brown; obliquely striped with grayish-white along
costa ; the line from outer fourth runs to termen beneath apex, the line from
costa, immediately before apex, follows termen to below middle. The ocellus is
above the anal angle and consists of two broken horizontal lines of gray and
white. Between the middle of wing and dorsum are oblique strigulse of white,
from the inner third to anal angle. Before this strigulation is a reddish-brown
patch. Cilia gray-brown, dotted with pale fuscous. In some specimens these
whitish lines are nearly obsolete, the entire surface of wing being a dull mottled
blackish-brown.

Hindwing : dark smoky fuscous, cilia a shade paler; underside gray fuscous.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, fleeted with dull ochreous on costa.

Sixteen specimens. Hastings, Fla., March, April, and Oct. ;
collected by A. J. Brown.

Eiicosma wandana sp. nov.

Expanse 17 mm.

Head and palpi ochreous-brown, blackish-brown at outer ends of tuft over
eyes and outer ends of palpi ; antenna blackish-brown, faintly annulated with
ochreous-brown between joints; thorax black-brown; patagia ochreous-brown;
abdomen blackish -fuscous, whitish beneath ; legs whitish on underside, heavily
powdered with fuscous above.

Forewing: blackish-brown, more or less mottled with gray and ochreous scales ;
beneath fold, in ocellic space and a small spot on costa before apex, grayish-
ochreous. The ocellic spot contains three horizontal black lines, the vertical l>ars
shining gray-white, the outer is broken. There is a conspicuous dark shade on
fold from base to inner third, and beyond the outer end of it, above the gray-
ochreous dorsal patch are a few white scales. From the costa beyond the male
fold are four pairs of white dashes, becoming silvery metallic below costa ; the
inner pair send a broken line to the inner ocellic bar, the second pair send a line,
which connects with a short line from the fourth pair, into the outer ocellic bar.
There are two black dots below the fold, one close to base and the other about
one-sixth from base. Cilia dark gray, dotted with black.

Hindwing: dark smoky brown, paler at base, cilia gray, underside smoky-
brown.

Underside forewing: dark smoky brown ; costal spots repeated.

One % specimen. Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 25th ; Miss Annette
F. Braun (No. 164).

Eiicosiua xaiidana sp. nov.

Expanse 12-17.5 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax gray; apical joint, palpi black; abdomen fus-
cous; legs gray, tarsi powdered with black.

Forewing: pale whitish-gray, with two narrow brown-black fascia; the inner
from inner fifth of costa to inner fourth of dorsum widens out at middle of

W. D. KEARFOTT. 25

wing to three times its widtii above and narrows below middle to lialf the widest
part; tlie outer starts from middle of costa and runs obliquely to dorsum before
anal angle, the upper half is very narrow and convex outwardly, from middle to
above fold it widens four times its width above but contracts slightly before
reaching dorsum. On the ground color between base and first fascia are about
six brown dots above fold and four below; between first and second fasciae are
two brown dots on costa and two below them, and two faint lines on dorsum ; be-
tween second fascia and apex are seven brown dots in costa and one in apex, each
is duplicated below costa; there is an irregular row of brown dots on termen and
a short vertical line of same from anal angle, on each side of which are one or
two scattered dots. Cilia pale fuscous, preceded by darker line.

Hijidwing: pale gray, cilia same, but shining; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky gray, costa faintly dotted with brown.

Nine specimens. Cincinnati, Ohio, March 6th to 26th ; collected
by Miss Annette F. Braun.

Eiicosma yaiidaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 16-19 mm.

Hea'd and antenna gray ; palpi pale gray ; thorax gray, speckled with brown ;
abdomen grayish-fuscous, anal tuft pale yellow; legs gray, tarsi annulated with
brown.

Forewing: whitish-gray, lightly strigulated and dotted with fuscous. There is
a semi-fascia from inner fourth of dorsal margin to middle of wing, with a small
round dot above and below the fold. The middle fascia starts from middle of
costa as a narrow brown line to end of cell where it widens out into a small patch
of brown, then continues as a narrow line to outer fourth of dorsal margin. Be"
tween these fascite is a faint line of brown from dorsum to above middle. There
is a small rounded patch of lighter brown in the apex and between it and male
costal fold are four or five darker brown oblique costal lines. Between veins 6
and 7 is a row of four brown dots, with a vertical line of brown below the
inner and outer to the dorsum. A terminal line of brown. Cilia shining gray-
ish-fuscous.

Hind wing: gray, darker at apex, cilia light shining gray above and beneath.

Underside forewing: smoky gray, costal spots repeated, whitish-gray and
brown along termen.

Nine specimens. New Brighton, Pa., March 26th to April 11th ;
collected by F. A. Merrick.

Eucosnia zaiidana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Head, antenna, thorax and abdomen dark blackish-gray; palpi light gray,
outer end of tuft and ajiical joint black ; legs gray, dusted with dark brown,

Forewing: gray, mottled with darker shades of gray and brown. The lower
half of wing between outer third and anal angle is whitish-gray, strigulated with
oblique dark grayish-brown lines. The costa beyond the male costal fold is
marked by six or seven brown-black dots, separated by gray. Beyond the cell
on up])er half of wing is a semi-circle of black dots, with the open side below.
Cilia brownish-gray, preceded by a dark terminal line.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (4) FEBRUARY, 1907.

26 AMKKICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Hiiidwinp: smoky brown, cilia shining gray-brown, underside the same.
Underside forewing: dull smoky brown, with dull ochreous spots on costa.

Seven specimens. Cincinnati, Ohio, March 26th to May 7th ;
collected by Miss Annette F, Braun.

Eiicosma bobana sp. uov.

Expanse 22-26 mm.

Head: pale clay-yellow; palpi same, dusted with fuscous outwardly, apical
joint fuscous.^ antenna pale clay-yellow, the segments dusted with brown ; thorax
pale clay-yellow, shaded with bright ochreous-brown in front and at base of
patagia ; thorax and legs whitish-gray, the latter dusted with light browu.

Forewing: alternate bands of bright ocherous and dark reddish-brown, these
bands are broken and their direction changed at the middle of the wing, giving
the surface a checkered appearance. The extreme base is narrowly white, fol-
lowed by a wider ochreous baud, then by a white band, marked below fold with
an ochreous spot and on upper vein of cell with a brown spur from the next
outer fascia, the latter begins at inner fifth on costa as a blackish streak, becomes
narrow below costa to middle of wing, then widens to dorsal margin which it
reaches at inner quarter, below the costa it is ochreous and browu, outwardly
edged with dark brown. It is followed by a broader ochreous fascia, interrupted
just above middle by a spur from the succeeding dark fascia. The latter begins
as a rich brown spot on costa to upper vein of cell, where it is cut by a horizon-
tal streak of black and brown scales, the downward continuation of the fascia
starts from outer end of this streak, and is rich brown, having a strong lobe on
its outer edge. Beyond this, above middle of wing, is a large patch of ochre-
ous and white scales, with two brown dots on costa. Beyond it is a subapical
brown and black patch, triangular in shape, with a point touching costa, an inner
spur below the yellow patch before it, and a curved streak along the lower half
of termen, this latter streak becomes yellow shortly before the middle. On tlie
lower half of outer fourth is a curved ocherous 'patch, with a small dash of fus-
cous scales at anal angle. The ochreous patches and fascise are all outlined by
white, and the brown patches usually outlined by black or darker browu. Cilia
white, fuscous at apex, and two dashes of fuscous below apex.

Hindwing: pale fuscons, cilia white, underside whitish-gray, powdered with
fuscous below costa.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, with costal spots repeated.

Three specimens. Salida, Colo., June 11th ; Southwestern Colo-
rado, July 13th; Harris Co., Texas, July 5th. All from Dr. AV.
G. Dietz.

Eucosma cocana sp. nov. *"-«

Expanse 19 mm.

Head : ochreous-brown, darker on sides and collar; palpi dull ochreous, outside
and apex heavily dusted with blackish-gray; thorax ochreous-brown, crossed by
two narrow lines of whitish, outer ends of patagia and posterior end of thorax
gray and white; antenna dark fuscous; abdomen shining gray, anal tuft clay-
yellow ; legs whitish, heavily overlaid with speckled gray and brown scales.

Forewing: soft Indian-red, or the tint known as old-rose, crossed by numerous

W. J). KEARFOTT. 27

vertical lines of shining gray raised scales; at the inner third there is a narrow
transverse line of ochreous, and the ocellic patch is the same color, hoth edged
with the gray lines. Between apex and first ochreous line are two other gray
lines, somewhat broken ; the extreme base is gray, sending a streak around dor-
sum to inner fourth. Between the ochreous fascia and ochreous ocellic spot is a
broad, partly geminate band of gray. On the outer half of costa at end of each
vein is a spot of gray. From the apex a gray line runs obliquely inward over
vein 7, about half way to end of cell, then angles obliquely downward ending on
ternien over vein 5, and enclosing a terminal patch of bright ochreous. The
male costal fold is dark gray, with three or four whitish spots at the beginning of
the inner gray lines. Cilia gray, cut with white at end of each vein.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia pale fuscous; underside gray, mottled with fus-
cous below costa.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, whitish on termen, costal spots faintly
repeated.

One I specimen. Tryon, N. C, May 17th ; collected by W. F.
Fiske.

Eiicosma soiiomaiia sp. nov. '— >

Expanse 20 mm.

Head: pale fawn; palpi pale fawn within, dark gray, speckled with whitish,
without; outer joint black ; antenna leaden gray, thinly annulated with white;
thorax grayish-fawn, base of patagia reddish-ochreous ; abdomen dark fuscous,
anal tuft black ; legs pale fawn, dusted with blackish fuscous.

Forewing: coppery-red, darker on inner half, shading into coppery -ochreous
at termen. There are two shining leaden-gray transverse fascia, the inner from
juner fourth of costa to inner third of dorsum is composed of two pairs of lines.
the inner edge deeply concave in the middle, and with some irregular lines of
the same color in base, enclosing a round spot of the reddish ground color. The
outer fascia begins on costa beyond middle as two long whitish dashes. Contracts
at top of cell, below which is an irregular ring of darker leaden scales which con-
nect with a whitish line to dorsum at outer fourth, with a spur to anal angle.
The inner of a pair of white dashes on costa, before apex, sends a whiitish shin-
ing line to middle of termen. Between this line and outer fascia the costa is
marked with two white dashes and streaked with gray. Cilia white, with an
outer edging of fuscous, and a dark fuscous basal line, below apex, which is inter-
rupted by a white dash over each vein.

Hindwing: smoky gray, preceded by a darker line, following a paler basal
line. Underside both wings the same, but forewing a shade darker and marked
with white on costa, also white ciliate dashes repeated.

Three % and one ?. Sonoma Co., Gal., May ; Carmel-by-the-
Sea, Monterey Co., Cal., April. All collected by Arthur H. Vachell.

Eiicosma dodana sp. nov. ^

Expanse 16,5-24 mm.

Head: cinereous; palpi ashy-gray; antenna fuscous; thorax black, speckled
with cinereous; abdomen dark fuscous, lighter on side and tuft; legs pale gray,
dotted with fuscous.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBKUAEY, 1907.

28 AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA.

Forewing: light gray, with large spots aud fascise of blackish-brown. The
basal area extends in middle of wing to inner fourth, receding to costa and dor-
sum, it is black outwardly, gray towards base ; on inner third of costa is a large
black spot and another before anal angle on dorsum, a third one is between these
two in the middle of wing over outer third of cell, the three forming a broken
fascia. On the costa are three large black spots, with a fourth in apex, which
enlarges below, then contracts and follows termen to anal angle. The gray areas
between these dark spots are vertically strigulated with blackish-brown. This
description is from the most intensely marked specimen, in others, the dark
spots are contracted and the gray color predominates, sometimes dividing the
spots, and in others the large dark spots are almost lost. Cilia yellowish-gray,
dusted with fuscous.

Hindwing: dark gray, cilia paler; underside both wings a uniform gray, with
costal spots repeated.

Ten specimens. Southwestern Colorado, July 13tli, Dr. W. G.
Dietz ; Colorado, Dyar and Caudell.
Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Encosma fofaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 21 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax dark ochreous-gray, heavily dusted with fuscous, and
dotted with black on patagia ; antenna dark fuscous; abdomen grayish fuscous,
tuft ochreous-fuscous; legs gray, banded with white and powdered with dark
fuscous.

Forewing: whitish-gray, spotted and strigulated with black-brown. There is
an obscure dark fascia from middle of costa obliquely towards anal angle, it is
well defined only in upper third. There are four rather large black dots on costa
beyond it, the fourth being in the apex ; below the second of these dots are two
superimposed irregular rings, each composed of five or six dark dots; below the
third is another such ring, and below it a line of dots before termen above anal
angle. The basal area is not definitel.v defined, all of the inner half of wing is
an irregular mass of large and small dots on the whitish-gray ground. Cilia yel-
lowish-gray, preceded by a darker line.

Hindwing: smoky gray, cilia the same, but tips of scales whitish ; underside
yellowish-gray.

Underside forewing: yellowish-gray, dark spots repeated along costa, and rows
of dark dots between the veins beyond the cell.

One % specimen. Berthoud Pass, Colo., Aug. 22d ; collected
by A. J. Snyder.

This species strongly resembles dodana Kearf., and may prove to
be an extreme variety of it. There is a certain formation of the
markings, however, that leads me to believe it is distinct.

Eucosma hohaiia sp. nov. - —
Expanse 20-22 mm.

Head yellowish-gray; palpi yellowish-gra.y, with a darker streak on lower,
outer side of tuft; antenna gray, auuulated above with paler gray ; thorax gray,

W. D. KEARFOTT. 29

finely dusted with darker gray; abdomen fuscous, anal tnft yellow ; legs ciner-
eous, heavily dusted with blackish-fuscous.

Forewing: whitish-gray, rather evenly dusted and dotted all over with black-
ish-brown ; the costa is evenly niiirked with dark dots, about twelve beyond male
costal fold, the outer ones are the largest ; the dot beyond the middle and one on
outer third are followed below by short lines of dots, opposite them on dorsum,
two strignliB rise almost to middle; between each pair of these the ground color
is rather free from dark dots and appears lighter. There is an obscure shade
from apex to lower end of cell, it widens out in the middle above and below,
there is a similar but smaller shade in the middle of the wing. There is a whit-
ish preciliate line; cilia fuscous, extreme tips whitish.

Hind wing: above and beneath light yellowish-gray, cilia same.

Underside forewing; smoky fuscous, darker spots on costa.

Two specimens. Mt. Firan, Alberta, Aug. 17th ; Dr. Wm.
Barnes.

Encosina kokana sp. nov.

Expanse 20-21 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and tliorax gray, heavily dotted with fuscous; abdomen
fuscous ; legs pale clay-yellow, powdered with brown.

F'orewing: whitish-gray, shaded with brown on interior of wing from base to
end of cell. On outer half of costa are five flattened sti'eaks of brown, from each
of which is a line of brown below, the two interior join and run outward over
vein 7, from the third and fourth the lines join a third below costa and continue
as one into anal angle, the outer spot, before apex, is rounded, and has no line
from it. Inside the termen is a brown line slightly concave towards its outer
side. Cilia gray, dotted with fuscons-brown.

Hindwing: smoky gray, cilia paler, underside yellowish-gray.

Underside forewing: dark smoky gray, lightly dotted with dull ochreous along
costa.

Two specimens. Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 3rd, Miss Annette F.
Brauu ; Scranton, Pa., Oct. 8th, A. E. Lister.

The Scranton specimen is much lighter than the description, the
lines in the outer third being obsolete and the brown shade over in-
terior less dark.

Eucosma lolana sp. nov. ~~~

Head: yellowish-brown, lighter over eyes and in front ; palpi yellowish brown,
dark brown on outside; antenna cinereous, finely annulated with black ; thorax
dark brown, yellowish posteriorly and ends of patagia ; abdomen fuscous, paler
at outer ends of joints, tuft yellowish ; legs cinereous, powdered and banded with
dark brown.

Forewing: dark brown or black, heavily overlaid with ochreous-brown scales;
there is a conspicuous white fascia from inner fourth of costa to inner third of
dorsum, it is concave on its inner edge and slightly convex on the outer with a
short spur a third from dorsum. There are three brown dots on costa of outer
third of wing, enclosed by a cream-white patch which connects with the cream-
white ocellic spot, forming an outer white fascia. There is a row of black dots

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

/

30 AMKRICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

on each side of this outer fascia, and a few on the sides of the inner and many
others in the dark ground color between the fascia and in basal area. There is a
short vertical bar of leaden scales through the ocellic spot, and a few scales of
the same color are scattered over the apical fourth. Cilia light fuscous, preceded
by a darker line.

Hiudwing and underside of both wings very dark smoky brown, cilia pale
fuscous, costal spots repeated.

Two specimens; Colorado, Gillette and Dyar and Caudell.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

yy>^ Eucosma moniana sp. nov.

Expanse 22 mm.

Head and palpi clay-yellow, clouded with smoky black on bases of antennae,
tips of scales on collar, outer end of palpi and a spot of the same on upperside of
second joint of palpi near its base ; thorax black, mottled with gray ; abdomen
white, at end of each segment fuscous between ; legs white, banded and powdered
with black.

Forewing: white, lightly strigulated with pale fuscous; there is an obscure
pale fuscous fascia at inner fourth, and much broader across wing beyond middle,
its inner edge starts from before middle of costa and goes in a straight line
obliquely to within a third of dorsum where it angles inward and reaches dor-
sum at outer third ; the outer edge starts from outer third of costa and curves
unevenly to anal angle. There is a narrow broken fascia from a quadrate black
spot on costa before apex, which divides in the middle of wing, one limb follow-
ing the termen and the other to anal angle. There is a lunate brown apical spot
extending into the cilia as black scales. The costal edge is white, with numerous
black dashes for its entire length. Cilia below apex leaden-gray, cut with three
or four white dashes.

Hindwing: smoky brown, white above cell, cilia leaden, white outwardly;
underside the same, but a shade paler.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, with costal and ciliate marks repeated.

One % specimen ; Yuma Co., Ariz., desert, April 10th, received
from J. B. Smith.

' Encosma nonana sp. nov.

Expanse 24 mm.

Head and palpi white, shaded with black over the eyes and on the sides of the
palpi ; antenna pale fuscous; thorax white, heavily dotted with black at base of
patagia; abdomen fuscous; legs whitish, banded and dusted with black.

Forewing: white, powdered with black and olivaceous scales. A dark shade
runs through middle of wing from base to apex. Between inner third and mid-
dle of dorsum a white line goes obliquely outward to above middle of wing, it is
bounded on the inside by a line of black scales; on each side of it theit is a short
line of black in the fold. There is a row of black dots on outer half of dorsum.
The costa is sparsely marked with small black dots and dashes its whole length.
The ocellic spot is obscure, defined on inner side by a short vertical bar of shining
whitish scales. Cilia white, fuscous at apex and several streaks of fuscous and
black scales below apex.

Hindwing: light smoky fuscous, white above cell, cilia whitish ; underside pale
gray, a few black dots below costa and iu apex.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 31

Underside forewing : smoky fuscous, wliitish on costa, dotted with brown, white
below fold.

One specimen, Pueblo, Colo., H. W. Nash.

Eucosma popana sp. nov. .

Expanse 15-18.5 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax white, dotted with black ; a spot of black on upper side
towards base and outside towards apex of second joint of palpi ; antenna whitish ;
abdomen whitish, anal tuft cinereous ; legs pale gray, dusted with brown.

Forewing: white, with fascia and spots of blackish-brown. An oblique fascia
from inner third of dorsum to middle of wing, between it and base several wavy
lines from dorsum to middle. At anal angle a triangular spot with its apex above
middle. An oblique shade below costa to middle, over end of cell ; a spur from
its outer end joins another shade which runs below costal marks and into apex.
Before apex, in outer half, are four triangular costal spots, on inner half of costa
numerous small dots. The dark spots are all of blackish scales tippped with
white; giving them a speckled appearance. Ocellic spot shining cream color,
divided by a narrow brown vertical line, from its upper edge a narrow white line
follows termen to apex. Cilia speckled white and black.

Hindwing: pale fuscous, darker at apex, cilia paler, underside the same.

Underside forewing: darker fuscous, whitish on costa, with dark costal marks
repeated.

Twenty-seven specimens; Stockton, Utah, June 1st to Aug. 8th ;

collected by Tom Spalding.

Eucosma rorana sp. nov.

Expanse 15-20 mm.

Head: clay-yellow, a streak of light brown across the middle; palpi clay-yel-
low, a spot of fuscous above on outside of tuft and at end of tuft below, apical
joint fuscous; antenna whitish; thorax white, mottled with light brown; abdo-
men fuscous, anal tuft clay-yellow; legs whitish, dusted and banded with black.

Forewing: white, with bands and spots of blackish-brown. The extreme base
is white, strigulated with brown, merging into dark brown at its outer edge,
which is obsolete on costa, extends nearly to inner third at middle in the form of
a rounded spot, and to -inner fourth on dorsum as another spot, the two being
separated by a pale shade. There is a well-defined dark fascia from midddle of
costa to dorsum before angle, it is deeply indented, by the intervening white
fascia, on its inner edge a third above dorsum. Beyond it is the ocellic spot which
is a well-defined rectangle of shining cream-white scales, divided by a dark ver-
tical line and two black lines above. Costa before middle is marked with short
dashes of brown and white; beyond middle, with four geminate oblique wnite
lines on brown ground, the inner pair of lines end under the beginning of a
third pair, the second and third pair unite and end under the fourth pair. (Jilia
speckled brown on white.

Hindwing: smoky fuscous, cilia paler, beneath the same but a spade paler.

Underside forewing: darker smoky fuscous, costal marks repeated.

Six specimens; Stockton, Utah, June 29th to July 3d; Torn
Spalding.

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBKUAKY, 1907.

32 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Eiicosnia sosana sp. nov. ^

Expanse 16-19 mm.

Head, antenna and palpi pale clay-yellow, latter dusted with a shade darker
externally; thorax clay-yellow, atomized with pale fuscous; abdomen and legs
clay-yellow, latter l)anded and dusted with brown.

Forewing: clay-yellow, with basal area, one broad fascia and a shade on upper
third of wing of a light olivaceous fuscous. This darker color is nearly uniform
wherever it occurs, and is composed of olivaceous fuscous scales, with clay-yellow
tips, giving an atomized or powdered appearance. The upper third of wing is of
this darker shade, interrupted on the inner half of costa by five or six clay-yellow
geminate dashes, those close to base are somewhat obscuie, and in the outer half
of costa by four strongly-defined clay-yellow geminate dashes; the dark shade
between these outer dashes are somewhat ochreous below the costa ; the outer
dash of the second pair and inner dash of the third pair join together below costa
and form a V, the lower point is tipped with golden-metallic scales; the outer
dash of the third pair is prolonged beneath the fourth i)air, and its lower half is
leaden-metallic. From the middle of the dorsal margin a broad fascia of clay-
yellow, slightly oblique, extends to upper third of wing, it is broader on dorsum
than above, a horizontal line of yellow leaves it near upper end and lies below
the first and second pair of geminate streaks in outer half of costa. The ocellic
spot is large, clay-yellow scales, slightly shining, with in some specimens a hori-
zontal black dash in middle and another near upper edge, two black dots occur
on before the upper end of ocellic spot in other specimens. Cilia fuscous out-
wardly, speckled within.

Hind wing: light brownish-fuscous, cilia whitish fuscous; underside grayish,
shaded with light brownish-fuscous below costa.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, costal spots repeated, yellowish before ter-
men, with very dark terminal line.

Eight specimens ; Stockton, Utah, May 23d to Aug. 2d ; col-
lected by Tom Spalding.

Eucosina totana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-19 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax, abdomen and legs ashy-white, outside of palpi
shaded with pale fuscous, and dots of the same color on patagia, legs banded and
powdered with pale fuscous.

Forewing: ashy-gray, lightly marked with brown shades, varying from light
brown to blackish-brown. There is a dark shade through middle of wing, angu-
lated at inner third obliquely inward toward dorsum, and forming the outer
edge of basal area, but only defined in the middle of wing; a few dark dots con-
nect this shade along middle of wing with a similar dark shade between end of
cell and termen above middle of wing. The ocellic spot is concolorous, but with
shining scales on sides and two or three black horizontal lines; before this spot
on dorsum, and outlining it internally, is a small triangular dark spot. On the
male costal fold are four or five dark dashes, between the fold and middle, two
or three dark lines, one of which is as long as a third the width of wing; beyond
the middle are three large dark spots, between each two a slender dark line; an
oblique dark dash is in the apex. There are several dark dots below fold on
internal third. Cilia white, dotted with gray internally and externally.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 33

Hindwing: pale fuscous, cilia whitish ; underside tlie same, with a few fuscous
dots in apex.

Underside forewing: darker, brownish-fuscous, with costal spots repeated and
a pale line before the darker terminal line.

Five specimens : Stockton, Utah, July 1st to Sept. 1st, Tom Spal-
ding ; South Utah, July, O. C. Poling.

Eucosma Tovana sp. nov.
Expanse 16-23 mm.

Head : pale clay-yellow, with a few brown scales over eyes and in front; palpi
cream-white, with two brown spots on side of brush above, outward end of brush
more or less tinged with fuscous, apical joint black, with a tiny dot of whitish at
extreme end ; thorax white, with two brownish mottlings across front and mid-
dle; base of patagia dark brown ; abdomen and legs pale yellowish-white, latter
banded and dusted with brown ; antenna white, finely ringed with dark brown.

Forewing: white; the markings are blackish-brown. There is a strigulation
of dark scales in the base succeeded by a narrow white fascia, beyond which is a
wider dark fascia, the outer edge of which starts from inner fourth of costa and
is slightly oblique to fold, it broadens at fold and is then straight to dorsum ; be-
yond it is a white fascia of about equal width, sharply defined inwardly. In the
middle of costa is an oblong dark spot, its lower end reaching to middle of wing,
beyond it, covering end of cell in middle of wing, is a rounded dark spot, below
the latter on dorsal margin is a pair of rounded spots; these spots form a dark
fascia from middle of costa to dorsal margin before the ocellus, but they are sep-
arated by white extensions of the white fascia before them. There is a wavy
narrower dark fascia from costa at outer fifth to middle of termen.

Beyond the base in each of the white and dark fascise are three dark dashes on
costa, and on the outer half are three large dark spots and as many narrow ones,
with a large one in apex. The ocellus is white, with a few shining scales at side
and two black dots on inner edge. The dark fascia and spots are usually out-
lined in blackish-brown, with strigulations of the same color, on a paler brown
ground. Cilia white, preceded by a gray line, and with the gray cutting into
apex and below apex.

Hindwing: pale fuscous, cilia a shade paler; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky fuscous, costal spots repeated.

Thirteen specimens: Stockton, Utah, Aug. 2d to Sept. 3d, Tom
Spalding ; Bear Creek, Morrison, Colo., E. J. Oslar ; Yuma Co.,
Ariz., desert, March 26th, from J. B. Smith ; Glenwood Springs,
Colo., Aug. 24th, Dr. Barnes; Amarillo, Tex., Aug. 30th, Cockerell.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

This species is close to E. shastana Wlsm. and E. biquadrana

Wlsm

Eacosma subinvicta sp. nov. ,

Expanse 30 mm.

Head and thorax creamy-white, patagia pure white; palpi creamy-white,
dusted with fuscous externally ; antenna yellowish-white; abdomen light gray,
tuft ochreous-gray ; legs white, dusted with brownish-fuscous.

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (5) FEBRUARY, 1907.

34 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA,

Forewing: j)ure white, this gi-ound color occurs in a broad fascia in middle of
wing from dorsal margin to above middle, it narrows above the middle of wing
and the upper third is overlaid with fuscous strigulations from costa ; there is a
white patch on dorsum at base below fold. There is an obscure fuscous fascia
from inner fourth of costa, curving inward below middle to inner fifth of dor-
sum, it is marked in the middle of wing by a dentate line of black-brown scales.
A fuscous fascia crosses wing from beyond middle of costa to dorsal margin, its
inner edge is obliquely outward to middle of wing, then slightly inward to dor-
.sum, it covers the outer third of dorsum. Beyond it on costa is a white patch in
which are three dark brown dots, and a larger one in apex, between each two is
a tiny brown dash. The ocellus is large, covering the area between the dark
fascia and termen, it is mottled white and fuscous, with several small clusters of
black scales on the inner side; above it are two curious characters in black and
brown scales, the outer like the small letter h, and the inner like an inverted L.
The cilia is mottled brown and fuscous.

Hind wing: whitish-brown, darker at apex; cilia white, with an outer and
inner fuscous linfe; underside whitish, streaked with fuscous below costa, from
base to apex.

Underside forewing: mottled white and fuscous, principally white below fold,
costal dots repeated, cilia preceded by a white line and white dashes at veins 16
and 4.

Williams, Ariz.

Type in my collection ; other specimens in U. S. Nat. Mus.

These specimens in the National Museum have been incorrectly
identified as E. iuvicta Wlsm. While their general appearance is
similar, they can easily be separated by the Indian -red head and
palpi of invicta. Have thirteen specimens of the latter.

Eiicosma palousana sp. nov.

Expanse 20-24 mm.

Head and thorax very pale ochre. Palpi same internally stained with fuscous
on outsides; tuft on second joint long and loosely scaled, extending beyond apex
below and concealing outer joint, except the extreme tip visible from above;
length beyond head a little more than the thickness of head. Antennse white,
annulated with fuscous. Abdomen whitish, end of anal tuft stained with light
fuscous. Legs j)ale ochreous.

Forewing: costa very slightly aiched; apex shortly rounded ; termen straight
from 7 to 3; male costal fold, less than a quarter, narrow, ap)>ressed, scales rougli-
ened.

Color: very pale ochreous, with basal and dorsal spots and streaks on costa and
in apical portion of a light brownish-ochreous. On dorsum, one quarter from
base, a narrow fascia arises, continuing obliquely with parallel sides to upper
edge of cell ; the basal area enclosed is giound color, and beyond this semi-fascia
is a broad band of ground color, outwardly defined on lower half by a brown
spot on dorsum before angle, this spot is broadest on dorsum and has a hump
above on its outer half, altogether about one-third of width of wing. The costal
fold is brown, si)rinkled with fuscous; the costa beyond fold is evenly marked
with about fifteen light brown spots, the three or four before middle are short

W. D. KEARFOTT. 35

oblique dashes; at the middle the dash continues obliquely to top of cell ; in the
outer third the streaks continue obliquely across the wing, the inner one to the
anal angle, but very often broken ; the second beyond this is enlarged into a
flattened subapical spot, then continuing as a line into ternien above angle ; above
and beyond this the streak before apex crosses to termen below apex. In the
apex is a rather large spot, darker than any of the costal dashes. Ocellic patch
illy defined ; a rather large irregular area of shining ochreisb scales, enclosing a
brown spot, in the center of which are two dark brown dots, vertical to each
other. The pale ground color is more or less strigulated with the darker shade
of brown. Cilia ground color, heavily dotted with daiker fuscous, with a whiter
streak above middle, above and behind angle.

Hindwing: light smoky fuscous, cilia paler ; underside same but lighter.

Underside forewing: light cinereous-fuscous, a large dark fuscous apical spot.
Cilia dirty fuscous.

Five specimens ; Pullman, Wash., July 11th, Aug. 10th, and
Sept. 18th. One bearing label " Wash. Exp. Sta. No. 533 ; col-
lected by C. V. Piper; and five specimens, Los Angeles, Cal., Aug.
and Oct., "Through C. V. Riley." These last five are much more
heavily overlaid with dark brown ; they are also larger, tlie females
expanding 24 mm. and males 20 mm.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Eucoj^ma inimHCiilaiia sp. nov. ^ ..^.

Expanse, % , 26-28 mm. ; J , 22-27 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax, forewings above, abdomen and legs very light ochreish,
with a pinkish tinge. The pink shade is more intense on outside of palpi, front
surfaces of anterior legs and around eyes. Palpi with rather long scales pioject-
ing in front of apex below, the point of which is only visible from above and
projecting nearly twice thickness of head beyond it; very moderate crest on head.

Forewing: including cilia pale pinkish-ochraceous. Male costal fold narrow,
appressed, about one-fifth length of wing, rather a darker shade of pink than
balance of wing, with a narrow costal shade of ochreous, this streak extending
almost to apex along extreme edge of costa. No marks, lines or dashes either on
wing or costa.

Hindwing: light ochreish-fuscous, cilia bleached straw color.

Forewing beneath : shining light yellowish-fuscous, cilia paler and stained with
pink at apex and below middle.

Underside hindwing: same color but a shade paler.

Four specimens: two male and three female; Pullman, Wash.,
Aug. 9th to 24th ; collected by C. V. Piper. One specimen bears
an extra label reading "Wash. Exp. Sta. No. 515."

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

The shape of the wings of this species and the general structural
appearance is like Eucosma crambitana Wlsm., and I would place
it in the list following the group with silver or white bars.

TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

36 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. '

Eiicosma johiisonana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-15 mm.

Head: with compact tuft between eyes and projecting forward, rounded on
top, scales of moderate length ; color dull ochre, suffused with pink back of and
beneath eyes. Palpi with flattened compressed tuft on top largest about middle
of second joints, thence rounded to outer joint, the tip of which is well exposed ;
color: salmon-pink, outer joint darker and tipped with ochre. Antennaj simple
in male and female, grayish-fuscous, suffused with pink, annulations darker.
Thorax and patagia salmon-pink, fading into ochreous posteriorly. Abdomen
and legs pale ochreish, anterior tibia pink in front.

Forewing: costa nearly straight, very slightly and evenly arched, apex rounded,
ternien straight to 3, angle rounded, dorsum straight. Male costal fold little
more than one-third length of ring, narrow, appressed. Pale ochreish, shaded
with salmon-pink along costa, and a well-defined basal patch of this color. The
basal patch of pink is most pronounced on dorsal half of wing and extends to
beyond inner third, it is outwardly defined by a narrow band of very dark
brown and black scales from dorsal margin to middle of wing, slightly oblique
inwardly (i. e. nearer base at middle that at dorsum). A well-defined band of
pink from base to apex on costa and extending down to upper vein of cell and
following line of 7 into apex. A triangular shade of ochreish-pink is below this
band in outer half; this shade is continued as a narrow line curving above ocellic
spot and enlarging on termen, between apex and ocellic spot, into a smaller tri-
angular spot. Ocellic spot large, rounded, occupying half width of wing; pale
ochreish. crossed by three slightly shining, whitish, vertical lines, the outer
curves inward at the top and there joins the inner. A few blackish scales on the
lower ends of each of these lines, and a few scattered blackish scales above ocellic
spot. Cilia very pale ochreish, with a double line of black scales from below
apex to above anal angle. The costa is not marked with any distinct lines, but
it as well as the whole of the wing is very faintly mottled with scales slightly
darker or slightly lighter than the prevailing shades. In female specimens the
blackish dorsal semi-fascia is broader and there are more separate black scales in
the ocellic patch and above it.

Hindwing: whitish-fuscous, shading into smoky fuscous at apex and termen.
Cilia white, preceded by a dark fuscous, then by a narrow whitish line.

Forewing: beneath fuscous, pink along costa, whitish below cell and 2, cilia
gray.

Hindwing: beneath pale fuscous or light gray, cilia whitish.

Five specimens: one female, Seattle, Wash,, red ink number 27;
collected by O. B. Johnson ; one female, Victoria, B. C, Rev. Geo.
W. Taylor; one male and one female, Henry Edwards' collection.
No. 14,720, and bearing small labels "3844 Nevada"; one male,
Henry Edwards' collection, Vancouver Island.

Cotypes Jn U. S. Nat. Mus. and Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.

Kucosma liopkinsana sp. nov.

Expanse 14.5-17 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax pale greenish. Head with flattened tuft ur crown,
above eyes and smaller tuft above face between base of antennae; a few darker
fuscous scales on top of head. Palpi: tufts flattened, compressed, moderate.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 37

Speckled with black, except on inner sides; outer joint half as long as second,
exposed, dark at base. Antennte slightly dentate, whitish-green, annulated with
black. Thorax more of a solid pale green, patagia whitish green. Abdomen
light fuscous, segments darker anteriorly, anal tuft cinereous. Legs light gray
or j)ale fuscous, marked with blackish-brown on anterior tibia, annulations on
anterior tarsi and a spot of same on posterior tibial tufts.

Forewing : costa slightly and evenly arched, male costal fold nearly half length
of wing, moderate in width. Apex rounded, termen slightly concave between 3
and 7; dorsum slightly rounded. Color: whitish-gray, overlaid with shades and
lines of pale green, fuscous and black. A median spot of black at base with green
center; an oblique black dash on inner third of dorsum to middle, defining basal
area, above it, obliquely inwardly, a shade of greenish fuscous, not reaching costa ;
a quadrate dark spot on dorsum before angle, this spot is slightly oblique, is out-
lined inwardly and outwardly with black, between these lines it is mottled green,
whitish and gray. Between this spot and inner dorsal dash the ground color
is paler and forms a light fascia on lower half, but not defined above middle.
Costal fold marked with eight inwardly oblique short black dashes. Beyond
fold, costa is marked with four quadrate dark spots, each outlined with black
and greenish between the black lines, the third spot before apex sends an
oblique black line into termeii below apex, and an oblique line of the same color
from inner spot obliquely to dorsal quadrate spot. A preciliate row of five green-
ish spots, each outwardly outlined with black. A cluster of green scales above
dorsum in pale fascia between the two dark dorsal spots and a similar cluster
above ocellic space. The ocellic spot is not defined. An obscure, inwardly-
oblique, blackish shade from costa spot before apex towards quadrate spot on dor-
sum, etiding abruptly at vein 7, and separated from the dorsal spot by ground
color. In very strongly marked specimens, no doubt these spots may appear as a
blackish, interrupted fascia. Dorsal margin marked with seven or eight spots of
fuscous, greenish and black. Cilia long, gray, speckled with fuscous.

Hindwing: cinei'eous gray, darker at apex and before termen, cilia paler.

Forewing : beneath blackish-fuscous, stieaked with gray along costa and ter-
men, cilia gray, with five or six small round dark gray dots.

Underside hindwing: pale shining gray, cilia same. This description is prin-
cipally from the female, in which the black lines and scales are the more pro-
nounced than in the males, the black of the female is more of a dark fuscous, and
there are more of the greenish scales scattered over the ground color. There
seems to be no difference in the position and shape of spots, lines and fascia.

One male, one female : Hoquiam, Wash. ; bred from Picea sitch-
ensis; breeding labels "2119a. Hopk., U. S." and 40,370^ Hopk.
U. S. ;" Burke, collector. The food plant label of the first bears an
? mark. One male, same locality and collector, labelled " July 21,
1904, flying."

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Tliiodia railiafana Wlsm. and allied species.

The little group of species, including radiatana Whm., form osana
Clem., ferruginaua Fern., and aspidiscana Hbn. have been hopelessly

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. X.XXIII. FEBKUAEY, 1907.

38 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

mixed in every collection I have seen, which is partly accounted for
by reason of the fact that the females are usually so unlike the males
that it has been easier to refer them to another species than to asso-
ciate them together. I have been successful in accumulating very
long series of both sexes of each species, including four new species
which are described below, and the following notes will doubtless be
helpful in arranging them hereafter. For the purpose of compari-
son the males and females are treated under different heads.

T. radiatana. Wlsm. % . — Forewing : whitish-fawn color, with a browii-
ochreish streak from base to termen below apex, the veins beyond cell outlined
with the same color, ocellus not well developed.

Hiiidwing: light fuscous-brown.

essexaiia Kearf. %. — Forewing: paler than 'radintana, more of a
bleached straw color, median brown streak darker, veins beyond cell not dis-
tinctly outlined with brown, ocellic spot well defined and encircled by brown.
Hindwing: gray fuscous.

T. unibrastriaiia Kearf. % .—Forewing: a shade darker than radiatana,

median streak obscure, the entire outer third suffused with brown-ochreish, ex-
cept the costal spot area, ocellus not strongly defined.
Hindwing: dark smoky brown.

..^T. roseoterininana Kearf. % . — Forewing: similar to umbristriana, but a
paler brighter color, median streak nearly or quite obsolete, suffusion in outer
third of a bright burnt-sienna shade, ocellus not distinct.

Hindwing: paler than umbristriana, or the same shade as radiatana.

•—-V, aweineaiia Kearf. %,. — Forewing: like a diminutive distinctana, but
darker, median streak broader and to middle of wing only.
Hindwing: light fuscous brown, similar to radiatana.

T. ferruginana Fern. %. — Forewing: reddish-ochreous, paler at base.
This is the smallest in both sexes of the series.

T. formoNana Clem. %. — Forewing: inner two-thirds blackish-brown,
outer third ochreous, costal metallic streaks do not connect with ocellus.
Hindwing: dark smoky brown.

"•■T. aspidicana Hbn. %. — Forewing: similar to /ormosana, but less ochre-
ous in outer third, and a strong metallic line from costH to inner metallic bar of
ocellus. I have five European specimens of this species, the name of which has
been so frequently applied to Ameiican specimens, I think erroneously, as I have
never seen an American specimen having all of the characters common to the
European.

T. radiatana Wlsm. 9- — Forewing: brownish-ochreous, with the median
streak of a darker brown, ocellus not distinct.
Hindwing: darker brown.

W. J). KEARFOTT. 39

T. essexana Kearf. f.— Forewing: inner third brownish ochreous, outer

third darker brown, ciliate edge gray, ocellus much more distinct than in radia-
tana.

Hiudwing: reddish-brown, lighter and brighter than radiafana.

T. unibrastriana Kearf. 9- — Forcwing: lighter ochreous-brown than

either of the above two, cilia ochreous.
Hind wing: as dark as radiatana.

T. rO!<«eoteriiiinaiia Kearf. 9- — Forewing: darker than Mmftrisfriawa.
Hind wing: darker, cilia more ochreous.

T. aweiiieana Kearf. J.— Forewing: very much like % formosana.
Hind wing: darker than any of the preceding, cilia whitish.

T. ferriiginaiia Fern. 9- — Forewing and hindwing: very little different
from its male.

'. aspidiscaiia Hbn. 9- — Forewing: like the male, h.indwing much
darker.

The most common mistake in identification has been to name all

of the pale fawn or straw-colored males as radiatana and all of the

reddish females as ferruginana, notwithstanding they are nearly

double the size of the latter ; and sometimes the females of radiatana

have been named as female formosana. Formosana, in its turn, or>

more frequently, the males, are usually named aspidiscana.

Thiodia essexana sp. nov.

'J, . — Expanse 20-26 mm.

Head and palpi speckled gray, latter paler internally ; thorax pale straw, with
brown central and lateral streaks, patagia brown ; antenna light grayish fuscous;
abdomen fuscous, anal tuft paler; legs ochreous-gray, dusted with brown.

Forewing: bleached straw color, with a brown streak from base near dorsum
to outer margin, it spreads there and circles the ocellus on its outer and lower
edge, terminating in a large spot on dorsum before ocellus; from its outer end a
spur goes up into apex. The ocellus is nearly round, and its pale straw color,
well defined by the brown which surrounds it on all sides, except a small distance
on its inner edge, where it connects with the same shade of the lower third of
wing; the scales on the sides of the ocellic spot are slightly shining, and it is
shaded with slightly darker scales over the veins which are beneath it. The
outer two-fifths of costa contains three light brown dashes, outlined by paler,
somewhat shining straw color lines, running together in a line parallel to costa,
and concave above the ocellic spot. Cilia shining leaden-gray, with an internal
line speckled fuscous and gray.

Hindwing: grayish-fuscous, darker around edges, cilia whitish-fuscous, with
a dark basal line and a darker intermediate line ; underside: ochreous-fuscous,
dashes below costa and terminal line.

Underside forewing : coppery-fuscous, fawn along costa and gray along termen,
straw color below fold.

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

40 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

9 . — Expanse 17-22 mm.

Forewing: brownish or dark reddish-ochreous, a slightly darker median shade
from base running into the blackish-brown shade, which covers the outer third.
Ocellic spot: of two curved bars of shining leaden scales, shaped as two halves of
a circle but open top and bottom. Costal spots absent, but the boundary lines of
shining leaden present, with a few scales of same color in middle of termen.
Cilia dark brown and shining fuscous, preceded by a line of gray scales.

Hindwing : reddish- or Indian-brown, with a coppery reflection, darker around
edges, cilia paler, with a darker basal line.

Twelve S and six 9 specimens, all collected near Caldwell, N. J.
I have also bred this species from larv£e living in the main stem of
Aster patens throughout the winter.*

Thiodia umbrastriana sp. nov. ^

% . — Expanse 16-18 mm.

Head : pale fawn color, mixed with brown scales, thorax the same, with brown
central and lateral lines, patagia paler ; palpi gray, whitish internally ; antenna
pale fawn, darker at base ; abdomen shining fuscous, anal tuft fawn ; legs whit-
ish-fawn, dusted with brown.

Forewing: light ochreous, straw color, with a diffused median streak of pale
umber from base to outer third, where it joins the shade of the same color cover-
ing outer third of wing. The ocellus consists of a double bar of leaden scales,
joined below in shape of U. The costal lines are not distinct as in the preceding
species, and a streak of the ground color runs above the dark shade nearly to
apex but towards its outer end becomes brown. Cilia ochreous-fuscous, preceded
by a line of gray and black dots.

Hindwing: smoky fuscous, cilia whitish, preceded by a darker line; underside
shining ochreous-white.

Underside forewing: brownish-ochreous, paler along costa and a daiker shade
in upper half of cell.

9 .^Expanse 16-18 mm.

Head: as in male but darker, and containing grayscales; palpi, thorax and
legs darker.

Forewing: similar to male, but very much darker and more clouded with the
umber color, which is not confined to outer third.

Hindwing: dark coppery smoky brown ; cilia ochreous-brown, preceded by a
darker line.

Eighteen % and five 9 specimens: Awenie, Man., June 9th to
22d, Griddle; Cincinnati, Ohio, May 23d to June 6th, Miss Braun ;
Beaver Co., Pa., F. A. Merrick.

Thiodia roseoterminana sp. nov.

%. — Expanse 17.5-21 mm.

Head : grayish-brown ; palpi gray, whitish internally ; thorax pale fawn, darker
in front and behind, patagia darker at base ; antenna grayish-fuscous; abdomen
yellowish-fuscous, tuft paler; legs pale fawn, dusted with darker.

* Recorded in Journal of New York Entomological Society, Vol. XI, Sept.,
1903, p. 159, as T. radiatana owing to a wrong determination.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 41

Forewing: inner two-thirds very pale whitish-fawn, median streak almost
obsolete, outer third of a rosy-coppery hue; a shade of darker fawn below costa in
outer third, in which the costal spots and lines are but faintly observable. The
ocellus is nearly obsolete, a shade of fawn, hardly differing from the color around
it, enclosed on both sides with faintly metallic bars, with a pinkish tinge. Cilia
light pinkish-brown.

Hindwing: light smoky brown, cilia paler, preceded by a darker line ; under-
side whitish-ochreous.

Underside forewing: pale ochreous-brown.

9 . — Expanse 16-19 mm.

Head and thorax reddish-brown ; palpi dark gray, whitish internally ; antenna
and abdomen reddish-fuscous; legs ochreous, dusted with brown.

Forewing: very like female of umbrastriana, but of a brighter ochreous-red.

Hindwing: dark smoky brown; cilia ochreous, preceded by a darker line;
underside reddish-ochreons.

Underside forewing: dark smoky ochreous-brown, paler along costa.

Twenty eight <? and twelve 9 specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio,
May 19th to 29th, Miss Braun ; New Brighton, Beaver Co., Pa.,
May 18th to June 3d, F. A. Merrick ; Wisconsin.

Thiodia awemeana sp. nov.

% . — Expanse 17-19 mm.

Head : pale fawn, with ashy-gray scales in tuft above eyes and front; thorax
pale fawn, with a blackish central and lateral line; patagia fuscous at base; palpi
fuscous-gray, paler within; abdomen grayish-fuscous; legs fawn, dusted with
brown.

Forewing : very pale fawn, median streak blackish brown, from base at dorsum
to fold at middle of wing; outer third of wing, surrounding ocellic spot, dark
brown, overlaid with black. Ocellic spot fawn, with metallic side bars, joined
below; costal spots fawn, costal lines shining pale fawn, before apex a metallic
line, becoming leaden below, parallels the termen to middle of wing. A shade
of the dark outer color reaches costa before the costal lines and forms a narrow
darker fascia to anal angle. Cilia blackish-fuscous, divided by a pale fawn line
and a narrower pale basal line.

Hindwing: light brownish -fuscous, darker at apex ; underside pale gray.

Underside forewing: grayish-brown, lighter on outer half of costa.

9 . — Expanse 17-19 mm.

Marked similar to male, but very much darker, not reddish as in the females
of the three preceding species. The outer third is dark ochreous and dark brown,
overlaid with black. The metallic leaden line from before apex joins the outer
bar of ocellus. The light fawn of inner two-thirds is heavily overlaid with
brown. Cilia blackish-fuscous; underside blackish-brown, ochreous-brown along
costa.

Underside forewing: same as hindwing.

Eleven % and two $ specimens: Aweme, Man., ^Jay 20th to
June 29th, Norman Criddle ; Beulah, Mann., A. J. Dennis.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (6) FEBRUARY, 1907.

42 ameri(;an lepidoptera.

Tliiodia aiiiietteaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Heiul, palpi and thorax yellowish-fawu ; antenna brown ; abdomen light fus-
cous, legs whitish-yellow, dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: inner half dull yellow. The outer half is occupied by an elaborate
ocellic spot, with metallic lines from costa. The ocellus is circular, filling the
outer fourth of wing, on the lower half are two horizontal rows of square black
spots, with a trace of a third line below, the upper half is brownish-fuscous,
speckled with whitish scales. A silvery-metallic line in the form of a half circle
bounds the upper half, it is interrupted at highest point, where a short metallic
line from costa connects with the inuerside; the outerside ends in middle of ter-
men, where it nearly joins a vertical metallic line from apex. There is a vertical
curved line on inner side of lower half of ocellus, and a shorter line on the out-
side, with a short one between the two middle pairs of black dots ; the two former
of these roughly form a complete circle around the ocellus. Beyond middle of
costa a metallic line crosses the wing vertically, reaching nearly to dorsum, a
similar but shorter line starts from costa behind the first one, but only reaches
middle of wing; these two lines form the inner boundary of the ocellic ornamen-
tation, between the lines and above the upper metallic circle the color is same as
inner half of wing, but dotted heavily with gray along the edges. Cilia speck-
led fuscous and gray at base, outwardly shining gray ; underside gilvery-gray.

Underside forewing: light coppery-brown, costal spots faintly repeated.

Seven specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, April 2d to 23d, all collected
by Miss Annette F. Braun, whose name will fittingly honor this
dainty species. It is closely allied to T. refusaua Walk., and closely
resembles Eucosma circulana Hbn. "^

■ Thiodia asphodelana sp. nov.

Expanse 25-30 mm.

Head and palpi brownish-gray ; antenna silvery-gray ; thorax gray, finely
speckled with fuscous; abdomen grayish-fuscous, tuft cinereous; legs gray,
banded and dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: light brownish-fuscous, the outer half of the rather long overlap,
ping scales ashy-white, giving the wing a frosted appearance. The white scales
are not as abundant below the middle of the wing, causing a darker shade which
crosses fold and ends before ocellus. The latter is high up in middle of termen
and consists of two or three short vertical lines of irridescent scales, bounded on
the outside by three black dots. The costal marks are obsolete, but below costa,
above ocellus, are a few irridescent scales, arranged as would be the ends of
oblique costal lines. On the border, below apex, is a short line of shining scales ;
terminal line brown ; cilia whitish-fuscous, with a white line at base, followed by
a darker line.

Hiugwing: smoky brown, cilia white, with white followed by brown basaj
lines; uuderside the same, but a shade paler, and whitish along costa; underside
very dark, smoky brown, whitish along costa and termen.

Four specimens : Duraugo, Colo., June 6th and July 2d, Dr.
Dietz ; South Utah, July, O. C. Poling ; Calgary, Alberta, Head of

W. D. KEARFOTT. 43

Piue Creek, July 2d, F. H. Wolley Dod, through Dr. Fletcher.
This last specimen also bears label "Crainbid fide Smith, Dup. of
36 to him Feb. 1900."

Thiodia baracaiia sp. nov.

Ex{)aiise 15-19 mm.

Head: light brown on sides, wliitish-brown above and in front; palpi former
shade outside, latter shade witiiin ; antenna creamy-wliite ; thorax light brown,
a spot of white on base of patagia, and a circle of wliite on posterior end ; abdo-
men yellowish-white; legs yellowish-white, dusted with brown.

Forewing: basal area extending beyond fourth, outer edge vertical, straight,
except one indentation below fold, mottled light brown, darker in outer half and
edged with dark brown. It is followed by a broad white fascia, the inner half of
which reaches costa ; a third below it broadens horizontally, equaling the width
of basal area, thence in a dentate line to dorsal margin. This is followed by a
light brown fascia, well defined on lower two-thirds of wing; in the upper third
it runs obliquely inward to costa, and on inner edge below costa sends a short
line into the white at its narrowest part; there is a dot of raised black scales on
its inner edge just above fold ; the width of this brown fascia is equal to width of
the white ocellic patch beyond, the latter is large, with straight vertical edges,
and reaches to upper third of wing, it is dull white in the middle and shining
white on the sides, between its upper half and termen is a wedge-shaped brown
streak. The outer half of costa is marked with three brown spots, increasing in
size outwardly and a fourth brown spot in apex, before the first and between each
pair is a broader white spot, divided by a narrow brown oblique line. Between
these costal spots and the upper edges of the brown and white fasciae is a hori"
zoutal strigulation of gray and lilaceous-metallic lines. Antenna white, speckled
with fuscous and bj'own on upper half.

Hind wing: light pinkish-gray, cilia white< with a darker basal line; underside
the satue.

Underside forewing: light smoky fuscous, costal spots repeated.

Six specimens: Stockton, Utah, Aug. 21st and Sept. 5th, Tom
Spalding; Denver, Colo., Oslar ; Colorado, Nos. 2133 and 2147,
Gillette.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Thiodia caracaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 18-22 mm.

Head and palpi fawn-brown, latter paler within; antenna grayish-fuscous;
thorax fawn-brown, with a patch of white on posterior end ; thorax cinereous,
tuft yellowish ; legs whitish, banded and dusted with blackish-brown.

Forewing: brown, mottled with gray and white; two large square white dor-
sal spots, one in middle of wing, reaching to upper third, dentate on inner edge,
an outer spur on fold from outer edge; the outer white spot is a little narrower
than the inner and is in ocellic space, with straight vertical edges, it contains two
or three black dots and a small patch of grayish scales, with a brown centre in
upper part. The brown patch separating these white spots is dotted with white,

TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBKUARY, 1907.

44 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

gray and black, especially black along the edges. Before the middle spot the
outer half of the dark basal area is similarly dotted with black. The costa is
marked with fine white lines its extire length, there are six in the basal area,
four over the middle dorsal white spot, beyond these are four pairs of geminate
white lines, becoming shining gray below costa and obliquely extending to the
upper edges of the two outer dark and white dorsal patches, the gray streaks are
on an obscure dark brown ground. The geminate streaks are separated by clear
brown wedge-shaped streaks, the widest separating the outer geminate lines from
a brown lunate apical spot, the latter is separated by the outer end of a costal
line, with a similar brown streak between ocellic spot and termen. Cilia white
at angle, with a fine marginal gray and brown line, which increases above middle
and overspreads the cilia, becoming smoky black at apex.

Hind wing: light shining fuscous, cilia paler; underside the same on lower
half, becoming much darker above.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, with white geminate costal spots.

Five specimens: Denver, Colo., Aug. 3d and 6th, A. J. Oslar ;

Stockton, Utah, June 29th, Tom Spahling; Pueblo, Colo., Aug.,

H. W. Nash.

Tliiodia daracana sp. nov.

Expanse 16-18 mm.

Head : blackish-brown over eyes, cinereous above and in front ; palpi grayish-
brown ; antenna and thorax fuscous; abdomen fuscous, anal tuft yellowish ; legs
brownish-white, dusted and banded with shades of darker brown.

Forewing: fuscous, heavily overlaid with white, giving a gray appearance. The
white scales are closer together, forming an obscure fascia on lower half of wing
beyond middle. The ocellic spot is white, with shining white scales on side,
and two short superimposed horizontal black lines. Between middle and apex
the costa is marked with five pairs of (geminate) lines, the three outer pairs run
together beneath the subapical spot, sending a spur into termen beneath apex,
below the costa these lines are slightly irridescent. The geminate lines are sepa-
rated by darker fuscous-brown spots on costa, and there is a small triangular
patch of the ground color, nearly free from white scale on dorsum below ocellus.
(Jilia gray, speckled with fuscous and with a narrow white outer line.

Hindwing: smoky brown, lighter above dorsal margin; underside grayish,
fuscous, with a purplish reflection.

Underside forewing: fuscous, paler below.

Ten specimens : Placer Co., Cal, April 20th to May 1st, A. H.

Vachell.

Thiodia raracaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 11-14 mm.

Head : cream-white, shaded with light brown on tufts above eyes; palpi cream-
white, with a dot of fuscous at base and one at middle of second joint outside;
antenna cream-white, shaded with fuscous in front; thorax salmon-pink, ochre-
ous in front; abdomen fuscous, anal tuft pink ; legs whitish, banded and dusted
with brown and black.

Forewing: light reddish-ochreous in the brightest specimens to a reddish-fus-
cous in the darkest. The color is darker in the middle of the wing and palest
below costa before middle and at apex. The ocellus is the most consi)icuous
marking, it reaches to middle of wing, and is as broad as high, cream-white in
the middle, with vertical side bars shining white, on the dull white are two hori-

W. D. KEARFOTT. 45

zontal black lines, sometimes joined at their outer ends and sometimes broken
into dots, and occasionally with a dot or two below — the beginning of a third
line. The costa is lightly marked with whitish oblique dashes, these beyond
middle, five in number, are geminate, with faint leaden-metallic lines separating
the two parts of each, from the middle one of the five a leaden line runs to simi-
lar shorter streak from spot before apex. The ground color between ocellus and
these costal streaks is more ochraceous than pink. Cilia very pale fawn, becom-
ing brown at apex and with a speckled row of gray at base.

Hind wing: shining grayish-fnscous, cilia the same; underside of both wings
the same, forewing a shade darker.

Sixteen specimens : Montclair and Essex (/O., N. J., Aug. 8th to
26th, with net and at light trap; Kentucky (Covington), Aug., A.
Busck ; Washington Co., Ark., July, A. J. Brown ; Hastings, Fla.,
Oct., A. J. Brown. One specimen from U. S. Nat. Mus. labelled
"Salidago, 11/884," and " From Glovers coll. 83."

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

This species has been incorrectly named as Semasia ochreicostana
Wlsm. by Dr. Dyar, in my collection and others.

Proteopleryx laracaiia sp. nov. — *

Expanse 15-17.5 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax yellowish-gray, latter speckled with fuscous;
abdomen and legs yellowish-gray, latter dusted and banded with dark brown.

Forewing: no male costal fold; shining whitish-gray, somewhat mottled with
blackish-brown. There are two conspicuous blackish-brown characters, one a
streak in middle of wing from base nearly to middle, the other a crescent-shaped
fascia from middle of costa to middle of wing, then turning and running into
apex. The basal streak widens below at about a quarter from base, and beyond
its outer pointed end it sends a more or less obsolete fine line along fold to anal
angle. The lower edge of the crescent mark reaches below middle of wing at
outer third, its upper edge is dusted at the upward turn ; in the gray area en-
closed by the crescent, are four large brown costal spots and four fine brown lines.
The inner third of costa is marked by three oblique brown lines. The dorsal
edged from inner fourth to angle is marked with brown dots. In the darkest
specimens the basal streak connects with the crescent, and the lobe on its lower
side reaches to dorsum ; the outer end of crescent is also enlarged and separated
from the inner portion by a line of ground color. Cilia gray, preceded by two
dark basal lines, a white dash below apex.

Hindwing: silvery-gray, cilia paler, underside the same.

Underside forewing: gray below middle, smoky brown above, costal marks
repeated .

Thirteen specimens : Cincinnati, Ohio, March 27th to April 10th,
Miss Braun ; New Brighton, Pa., March 27th to April 15th, F. A.
Merrick.

This is one of several species in Mr. Merrick's collection, incor-
rectly identified as P. spoliana Clem, by Dr. Dyar.

TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

46 AMERICAN LKPIDOPTEKA.

Pi'oteopteryx niaracana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16.5 mm.

Head and palpi grayish-fuscous; antenna bla<rkisli ; thorax black, patagia gray-
ish-fuscous; abdomen blackish-fuscous; legs yellowish-white, heavily banded
with blackish.

Forewing: without costal fold in the male, whitish-gray, with a well-defined
basal area, outer fascia and spot in apex of black and brown. The basal patch is
to inner fourth on costa and dorsum, and to inner third below middle of wing,
above the middle the edge is lightly indented and irregular. There is a trans-
verse shade of gray in the middle of the patch, defining a strong dentate dark
process from middle of base. The dark fascia crosses wing between middle and
outer third, its outer edge to anal angle, it is inwardly shaded with gray on ui)per
fourth, with a black line on costa between the edges, a shade of brown crosses it
at middle. The apical spot is an extension of the large costal spot before apex, it
extends nearly to middle of wing in the shape of flattened triangle, with the long
angle horizontal. Between the dark basal area and dark fascia is a grayish fas-
cia, marked with two brown dashes on costa and a brownish fuscous streak run-
ning through its middle to termen, enlarging into a brownish-yellow spot on
lower half. The ocellus is yellowish-gray, containing a few black dots, the inner
vertical bar is shining leaden, broad and large, the outer bar of the same color
is narrower and shorter. Beyond the dark fascia the costa is marked with three
large geminate grayish-white spots; that before apex sends a few whitish scales
to termen below apex. Cilia gray inwardly, blackish outwardly.

Hindwing: light smoky brown, whitish above cell, cilia pale, with dark basal
line; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, costal spots repeated.

Seven specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, March 26th to April 10th ; all
collected by Miss Annette F. Braun.

Proleopteryx liaracaua sp. nov.

Expanse 14-17 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax hoary, speckled blackish-brown; abdomen
shining gray; legs whitish, banded and dusted with blackish.

Forewing: without costal fold in male ; gray, with a smoky black streak from
dorsum at base to apex, obliquely across wing. The inner part of this shade is
the basal patch, which is only defined on lower half of wing, it is continued above
middle by narrow angulated streak to apex. In one very dark specimen the
black shade covers all of the lower two-thirds of wing, before the ocellus, with a
few whitish scales, outwardly defining the basal patch. The costal third is gray,
evenly spotted with blackish-brown, there are seven or eight large dashes and
about as many fine lines. The ocellus is large, atomized white on dark ground,
with four short horizontal short lines superimposed and a few dots of black below,
the side bars are shining. Before the ocellus and in the apex are olivaceous
shades. The apical spot is rounded, of an olivaceous shade, edged with black
above, the black edging turning over and continuing as a black subterminal line
as far as the incission. Cilia fuscous, speckled with black and white.

Hindwing: very light smoky gray, darker around termen, cilia paler, with
darker basal line; underside shining light gray, dotted with fuscous on costa.

Underside forewing : smoky black, costal dots repeated.

Six specimens : Hunter's Range, Pike Co., Pa., May 1st ; collected
hv Alfred E. Lister.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 47

Proleopteryx faracana sp. nov.

Expanse 18-19 mm.

Head and palpi coppery-brown; antenna gray; tliorax bronzy-gray, patagia
streaked with white; abdomen gray, anal tuft light ochreous; legs whitish,
dusted and banded with bronzy-black.

Forewing: no male costal fold, light bluish-gray, shaded with ochreous below
costa at base. The basal area and other marks are bronzy-black. The basal
area is strongest below middle, where its outer edge touches dorsum at inner
fourth and outer end at inner third in middle of wing. The lower half between
basal patch and ocellus is bronzy-black, crossed by two horizontal whitish-gray
lines, one on the fold and the other half way between fold and dorsum. From
inner fourth of wing a streak of bronzy-black parallels costa one-third below to
before apex. Above this streak is bluish-gray, crossed at inner fourth, middle
and outer third by dark lines fiom costa, which run into the dark streak below.
Between these the costa is dotted with short dark dashes. The three dark costal
dashes before apex send strigulated lines, the inner, in connection with the ocel-
lic black dots, as a continuous line to anal angle, the middle one to middle of
dorsum, the outer one curves under apex. The apical spot is black, with brown
center. The ocellic s])ot is large, shining gray on the sides, dirty white in cen-
ter, with a vertical line of black dots. Between the ocellus and termen is a
narrow band of speckled gray and brown, increasing in width above middle and
running into apical s])ot. Cilia shining leaden.

Hind wing: light grayish-brown, cilia whitish, with darker basal line; under-
side the same, mottled with fuscous along costa.

Underside forewing: smoky graj', whitish on costa and dotted with brown.

Two specimens: Scranton, Pa., April 21st and 22d, A. E. Lister.
This may be a variety of P. spoliana Cieni.

Proteopteryx albicapilana sp. nov.

Expanse, California specimens, 20 mm.; Pennsylvania specimen, 17 mm.
Head : with scales long and forming a flattened crest on top and in front, con-
cealing basal joints of antennie; the scales in front, on the sides of the head,
around the eyes, the patagia and a narrow edging on each side of thorax are
blackish-brown ; from top of head to posterior end of thorax the scales are pure
white. Palpi scarcely twice length of head, slightly depressed, flattened, lower
edge of tuft in nearly a straight line from base to tip of outer joint, which is
not quite hidden, but is obscured above more than below; scales above in a
well-rounded hump. Color: outwardly dark brown, flecked with dark ciner-
eous; within and above at base white, brown extending over the outer half of
upper and lower edges and slightly encroaching on the paler color. Male
antennie slightly dentate, finely ciliated beneath, female antennai simple, purp-
lish-brown. Abdomen very pale brown or faded straw color, with a band of
whitish scales on each segment. Legs same, annulated with brown. Abdo-
men of eastern specimen much darker, yellowish-fuscous.

Forewing: blackish- or dark purple-brown, exce])ting a pure white dorsal band
about one-third width of middle of wing. This white band sends up into the
ground color three spurs: first, at its beginning close to but not touching base;
second, at inner third ; and third, at outer third before ocellic spot. The white

TRANS. AM. ENT. 50C. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

48 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

spurs are rather acutely pointed, while the brown depressions between them
are rounded. The white band is continued at anal angle through lower half
of ocellic space and into cilia, which is pure white to the apex, excepting
a dot of brown just below apex and on outer shade of brown in middle of
wing. On the third white spur, just before ocellic space, is a large dot of brown
scales, connected by scattering brown scales, with a similar but less conspicuous
dot on dorsum. In eastern specimens these dark scales form a rather large trian-
gular spot resting on dorsum and entirely interrupting the white band, excepting
at its extreme upper edge. On extreme dorsal edge between this spot and base
are twelve or fourteen rather evenly-spaced brown scales; two or three of the
same are scattered over the upper ends of the first and second spurs. On the
costa, between fold and apex, five or six geminated short dashes, these are almost
obsolete on the western specimens. Costal fold about one-third length of wing,
closely compressed, narrow; concolorous with upper part of wing, and bearing
several geminate pale dots, which in the western specimens are reduced to tiny
specks on extreme costal edge.

The dark color of the wing is more of a blackish-purple than brown, it is strig-
ulated with short, fine, irregular, black, transverse lines, more distinct along
costal and outer margins. Before the cilia a narrow line of more or less connec-
ted dark dots form a continuation of the line of dots on dorsal margin, and before
this dark line on outer margin a narrow shade of the white continues up, nearly
to apex, from the dorsal band.

Hindwing: light purplish-fuscous, cilia paler, with a lighter and darker line
at its base ; same beneath.

Underside forewing : purplish-brown, rather shining, costal and ciliate white
spots repeated

Eight specimens : Nevada Co., Cal., Sept. ; Keru Co., Cal., Oct. ;
Placer Co., Cal., Sept. ; New Brighton, Pa., March 22d (F. A.
Merrick).

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

The outer margin is very oblique, at an angle of about forty-five
degrees from the dorsal line. In the California specimens the de-
pression at end' of veins 4 and 5 is barely observable, the margin
being almost straight. The depression is more pronounced in the
Pennsylvania specimen ; apex rounded ; costa scarcely arched ;
forewing three times as long as wide.

It is not impossible that fuller knowledge of the life histories of

the western and eastern forms may prove them to be separate and

distinct, in which case I would propose the name pennsylvaniana for

the latter.

Proteoteras arizonse sp. nov.

Expanse 18-20 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax cinereous-white ; outer surface of palpi speck-
led with black, thorax speckled with fuscous, and posteriorly edged with black;
abdomen whitish, shaded with light fuscous above; legs whitish, banded and
dusted with blackish-brown.

W. }). KEARFOTT. 49

Forewing: yellowish-white or dirty white, more or less mottled with brown-
ish-black. The dark color forms a fascia from middle of costa to anal angle, be-
ginning at costa as an extra wide oblique costal line to upper third, below this it
widens and is darker, and from its upper outer edge sends a spur into apex ; the
latter just before reaching apex sends a line down to below middle of termen.
The oblique fascia is divided into three spots, as below the middle it is interrup-
ted by a roundish spot of whitish scales. The basal area is not distinctly defined,
but that part of the wing is more strigulated with black than the space between
it and the fascia. The costa, before the fascia, is lightly marked with black, be-
yond the fascia with four brownish-black spots, the outer one close to the apex.
The ocellic spot is large, of silvery-white scales on sides, with a spot of dull white
scales, containing grayish and brown dots in the center, it occupies all of the
the space between and below the fascia and streaks from same. Cilia white, pre-
ceded by a geminate submarginal line on lower half, shaded with fuscous at lower
third and below apex, becoming blackish-brown at apex.

%. — Hindwing: black, cilia white, silvery-white below costa and yellowish
hair pencil.

Underside both wings: yellowish-white, the costa of forewing and the outer
half of both wings, except at termen, entirely overlaid with black scales. The
upper side of hindwing and lower side of both wings of the females are grayish-
fuscous.

Five males and two females : Prescott, Ariz., July 5th and 18th,
Dr. Kunze ; Oak Creek Canon, Ariz., 6000 ft. elevation, Aug., Prof.
F. H. Snow; Pueblo, Colo., July, F. H. Nash ; Cold Spring, Colo.,
Dr. Dietz; Fort Collins, Colo,, June 24th, Gillette; Denver, Colo.,
Dyar and Caudell, No. 16,736.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and University of Kansas.

Proteoteras crescentana sp. nov.

Expanse 16-18 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax and base of antenna very light brownish-white; outer side
of palpi shaded with black and apical joint the same color, base of patagia shaded
with brown ; abdomen grayish-fuscous, lateral tuft white; legs whitish, dusted
and banded with black.

Forewing: light gray, with a very strong, well defined black crescent from
middle of costa to apex, it is broadest between costa and the lower side of the
curve, which is below middle of wing, from there to apex it tapers gradually
ending in apex as a narrow line. The black basal area is well defined above the
middle of wing, its outer edge starting from inner fifth and running to inner
third at middle ; below this, it is indistinctly angled inward to dorsum. On the
upper half of wing, between basal and crescent dark patches, is a fascia of whit-
ish scales, which follows the underside of crescent above fold, nearly into ocellic
spot; it is strigulated by a line of dark fuscous scales. Beneath fold from base to
angle is a streak of brownish-ochreous, and the semi-circular patch of ground
color on outer half of costa, enclosed by crescent, is of the same color. The ocellic
spot is large, of gray and white scales, the inner and outer edges are leaden-me-
tallic. Between the outer edge of ocellus and apex and before the inner side of

TRANS. AM. KNT. 80C. S.XXIII. (7) FEBEUARY, 1907.

50 AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA.

ocellus are small patches of brown, the latter being a continuation of the dorsal
brown streak. Cilia gray, speckled with fuscous.

Hind wing: light brown, the hair pencil-fold edged with black; underside the
same.

Underside forewing: grayish-fuscous, creamy-white below fold.

The hindwing and underside of both wings are the same in male and female
specimens.

Seven specimens : Iowa, Gillette, Ac. Cat., Nos. 36 and 46 ;
West Manitoba ; Kansas ; Cincinnati, Ohio, June 17th, Miss Braun ;
Pluinnier's Island, Md., June, A. Busck ; Elk Grove, 111., June
2oth, K. L. McElhose.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and Miss Braun's collection.

Prateoteras torontana sp. no v.

Expanse 20 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax light brown ; outer joint of palpi darker brown ; an-
tenna gray; legs whitish-cinereous, dusted with brown.

Forewing: yellowish-gray, dusted with brown. A brown crescent-shaped
streak from middle of costa to apex, enclosing a costal patch of pure white, the
costa in this patch dotted with three large and five small brown dots. The brown
crescent streak is broadest on costa, narrower on lower curve, and at the apex it
broadens, involving all the space above the indentation of termen. The inner
half of Gosta, before the crescent, is bordered also with pure white, in which there
are about six brown dots on extreme edge, and a line of three or four below on
upper edges of cell. Cilia brown at apex, white below.

Hindwing: cinereous, speckled with brown, narrowly shaded with dark blown
at outer edge and base of cilia, outer ends of cilia whitish, light whitish-brown,
with a pure white spot in apex, cut by a narrow submarginal dark brown line.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, dark brown at apex and narrowly at ter-
men, white costal patches and brown costal dots repeated.

One specimen : Toronto, Ont., June 5th ; collected by Arthur
Gibson ; received from Dr. Fletcher.

Proteoteras naracana sp. uov.

Expanse 16-20 mm.

Head : brown, lighter in front; face white; palpi white, shaded with black on
outside and upper edge; antenna light brown, basal joint brown, with a white
spot on posterior side; thorax white, with a pair of joined olivaceous spots on
front and a patch of same color on posterior end, patagia white, with yellow and
brown scales at base and near outer end ; abdomen fuscous, lateral tufts on anal
segment white, anal tuft fuscous; legs yellowish-white, banded and dusted with
blackish-brown. ^

Forewing: a white streak from base to outer fifth on upper part of wing; its
lower edge runs from middle of base, slightly above fold and parallel to it,
nearly to middle of wing, then goes obliquely upward to costa at outer fifth, it is
indented by a semi-circular depression at the beginning of the upwaid angle be-
yond which its lower edge is overlaid with gray, and is bounded by a horizontal

W. D. KEARFOTT. 51

elongated S-shaped black mark that lies between it and the ocellus. The ex-
treme costa is olivaceous-green, with a large green spot at inner third and mid-
dle, with smaller ones before, between and beyond. The lower part of wing is
mottled olivaceous-green and brown. There is a cluster of long whitish scales
on dorsum at base, above which is a spot of whitish and fuscous-brown raised
scales, before this tuft are three black dots in a triangle; before fold is another
round button of raised scales and a third tuft above fold on outer fourth. The
ocellic spot is grayish-white, with shining white side bars. From cqsta, beyond
white patch, is a whitish spot, which sends a leaden -metallic streak under apex.
Between this and apex is another white spot on costa on an ochreous-brown
ground. Cilia speckled black and gray at base, fuscous outwardly.

Hindwing: smoky brown, male hair pencil black, cilia gray, with dark basal
line, underside paler.

Underside forewing: same as upperside hindwing, with costal spots repeated.

Ten specimens : New Brighton, Pa., May 31st to June 19th,
F. A. Merrick; Cincinnati, Ohio, May 26th to June 4th, Miss
Braun ; Wisconsin, Otto Buchholz.

Epinotis septeinberana sp. nov.

Expanse 16-19 mm.

Head: ferruginous on sides and front, grayish on top; palpi ferruginous, dark
gray within; thorax ferruginous, gray, base of patagia dark ferruginous; an-
tenna grayish beneath, ferruginous above; abdomen and legs yellowish-gray,
latter banded and dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: gray on dorsal third, above purple-lake, the latter color paler at
base and along edge of costa. The gray shade is finely atomized with blackish-
fu-scous and extends from base to termen a quaiter above anal angle ; from base
to inner fifth there are only scattered gray scales on dorsal margin, at inner fifth
it swells to middle of wing, at inner third it narrows obliquely along line of fold
to outer fourth where it swells again, but less than before and rounds off into
termen. The purple-lake ground color, in the indentation between the two gray
elevations, is darker than elsewhere. There are a few scattered scales of gray in
ground color above the second elevation. A fine, diminishing line of gray at ter-
men from the anal angle to apex. Cilia purple-lake above middle, fuscous below
and whitish opposite the gray color at angle.

Hindwing: smoky gray, cilia paler, with a darker liasal line; underside the
same.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, marked with cream color on costa and a
reflection of purple-lake below.

Twenty specimens : nineteen taken in Essex County Park, N. J.,

the last week of* September for a number of years; one from Scran

ton, Pa., September, A. E. Lister.

Epinolia haiinbachiana sp. nov.
Expanse 13-17 mm.

Head: brownish-gray, darker back of eyes; eyes purplish-brown ; palpi gray,
slightly darker outwardly, apical joint white ; antenna gray; thorax gray, ante-

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY. 1907.

52 AMKKICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

rior edge speckled with brown, and a double brown dot behind middle; abdomen,
first three segments and tuft pale ochreous, other segments fuscous; legs whitish,
banded with blackish-brown.

Forewing: asby-gray, with lines, spots and shades of brown. The basal area
extends to inner third at middle of wing and to inner fourth of costa and dor-
sum, outwardly it is blackish-brown, especially intense below middle and on dor-
sum for the outer half of the area ; above and before the intense brown color the
balance of the area is gray, strigulated with brown. Beyond is a broad grayish-
white fascia, outwardly defined by a narrow, nearly obsolete brown shade from
middle of costa to anal angle, outwardly oblique to upper third, then inwardly
oblique to lower third, thence concave to dorsum, where its inner edge ends in a
small brown dot. The whitish middle fascia is more or less dotted with brown,
and a faint line of same color parallels its inner border. Beyond the narrow
dark fascia a broader streak of shining gray scales starts below costa at outer
fourth, goes to anal angle, circles the ocellus beneath to termen. The ocellus is
in the middle of the wing of fine whitish lines on dark brown ground, with six
or eight black dots and horizontal dashes; there are several fine short black lines
in the shining gray streak below the ocellus and a third below costa. The costa
is whitish-gray, finely and regularly marked with short brown lines, with four
larger spots in outer half, the inner of which sends a brown streak obliquely to
middle of wing, the next one sends a brown streak to termen beneath apex, with
n spur between termen and ocellus. There is a brown-black semi-circle in apex,
the outer half on the cilia, through the middle of it runs a dark brown terminal
line, this line in the middle of wing is nearly obsolete, with a white line beyond
it, it continues as a brown line around anal angle. Cilia fuscous, brown out-
wardly at apex, and white inwardly in middle.

Hind wing: light bronzy-brown, paler at base, underside gray.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, with geminated whitish costal spots. Some
of the female specimens are dotted with light reddish ochreous, on upper part of
middle light fascia, and the two lower ends of the costal streaks on outer half
are the same color.

Twenty-five specimens: Philadelphia, June 3d to 23d, Frank
Haimbach ; Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 14th, Miss Braun ; Wisconsin,
Dr. Nason ; Riverton, N. J., E. Daecke. One specimen from U. S.
National Museum bearing labels " Stegauoptycha near Saliciana
Clem., and approximating pmiperana (Europe) but apparently dis-
tinct from both C. V. R. 1886 " (Wlsm.), and a smaller label refer-
ring to the slight cocoon and pupa case " found on ground Augt. 4
iss. Augt. 7, 1877."

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

This species is close to my E. ilicifoliana, bred from ilex in New
Jersey and North Carolina. It is a generally larger and lighter
species, and can be separated by the absence of the oblique
brown line from end of cell to apex, which is always present in
ilicifoliana.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 53

Mr. Haimbach, in whose honor the species is named, has collected
scores of specimens in the daytime resting on the fence of a summer
garden at the corner of Allegheny Avenue and Broad Street. The
garden is filled with many varieties of shrubs and trees, and a care-
ful examination early in May would certainly disclose the larvse
twisting the young leaves of a plant allied to ilex.

The generic notes regarding ilicifoliana will also apply to this
species. They are both allied to Clemens saliciana and salicicolana.

Epinotia plumbolineana sp. nov.

Expanse 13.5-16 mm.

Head, antennfe and palpi dark cream or very pale brown. Scales on head
erect above and between eyes, flattened on face. Palpi second joint with flat-
tened truncated tuft, scales rather closely appressed, end of third joint not hid-
den. Palpi rather dejjressed and not quite the length of head beyond it. Scales
forming collar, tipped with reddish wine color. Thorax same as head, smooth.
Abdomen alternately banded with cinereous and fuscous, the lighter color, the
tips of scales of each segment, anal tuft cinereous. Legs same as head, but in
front and tarsi stained with wine color.

Forewiug: grayish-white, tinged with cinereous ground color. A conspicuous
wide-red fascia from middle of costa to anal angle, broadest on costa and as wide
there as one-third to one-half of width of wing, gradually tapering to an obtuse
point at anal angle. The inner edge of this fascia curves evenly and obliquely
outward, the outer edge is sinuate, slightly concave above and convex below the
middle, the outer edge is outlined by a slender line of white lustrous scales fi'om
costa nearly to anal angle, turning inward above and defining the obtuse lower
point of this fascia. Beyond this fascia the entire outer margin is clouded with
this same color, but a shade paler, rouglily in the form of a triangle with the
base resting against the cilia, the other two sides coming to a point just beyond
end of cell. Above this triangle the costa from fascia to apex is ground color.
On the extreme apex are a few blackish scales, and in some of the darker speci-
mens a few of these scales are scattered over fascia and triangle. There are no
distinctly defined subapical costal spots, but four or five short streaks of more
lustrous white can be observed in some specimens. A basal area is only well de-
fined in some of the darker specimens, in these it covers the inner third of wing,
angulated on cell and of a light shade of brown. In the majority of specimens
this light brown basal color shades into the ground color, without very distinct
line of demarcation. A few dark dots mark this area iu some specimens, usually
paralleling the fascia. The central fascia is narrowly edged with a whiter shade
than the ground color. The male costa is slightly curled up from base to outer
edge of fascia, and in the hollow thus formed is a narrow line of dark leaden
scales, doubtless a secondary sexual character, this line begins just beyond base
and ends in middle of fascia. Cilia lustrous pink.

Hindwing: dark gray, cilia paler, preceded by a darker, then a paler line.

Underside forewing: dark smoky fuscous, with cinereous line along costa from
outer three-fifths to just before apex. Cilia stained with dull pink, preceded by
a darker then a paler line.

Underside hindwing: same as above.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

54 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Twenty five specimens: one, No. 33, Seattle, Wash., O. B. Jolin-
son ; two, Seattle, Wash., v 27, 1902, T. Kincaid, blue label 179,
and white labels " willow," whether caught on willow or bred from
larvae on willow not stated ; twenty-two, Wellington, Br. Col., June,
Rev. Geo. W. Taylor, and Th. Bryant.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

"Cydia cnpressana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Head : dark greenish-brown, scales tipped with cinereous on tlie face the latter
predominates, making face lighter, scales of head form semi-circular tuft above
eyes, meeting above as a slight crest. Palpi very short, tip of outer joint scarcely
projected beyond face, scales of second joint rather closely compressed, tuft small,
colored same as face, outer joint black, bare, short, blunt. Thorax smooth, shin-
ing fuscous, patagia same, but scales shading into whitish at outer ends, neither
irrorated with lighter specks like head. Abdomen and legs above shining fus-
cous, paler below, anal tuft tinged with ochreous.

Forewing: dark chocolate-brown, very finely irrorated with transverse lines,
pale yellowish-green scales beyond basal area and crossed by five rather broad
metallic lines, of a silvery-salmon hue; only the first pair of lines in middle of
wing are continuous from costa to dorsal margin, the third ends just before
reaching dorsal margin, the fifth is but little more than a costal streak ending at
vein 8, the outer line before the outer margin is divided in three parts by two
evenly spaced interruptions. A small metallic dot below costa between fifth line
and apex. On the extreme costa the metallic scales are replaced by yellowish-
green. The metallic lines are partly bound by black, notably: before the first,
beyond the upper third of the streak, which black streak follows along costa to
third line and down its inner side to top of cell ; the lower half of this third line
is defined on its inner edge by black, the black line at its upper end turns out-
wards, at right angle, cutting through the metallic line, and continues to the
inner edge of the fifth metallic line, which it defines for the length of its middle
section; in some specimens the horizontal black line is not continuous, and the
line before the fifth metallic is also broken into two to four short horizontal
dashes. Black also .outwardly defines the fourth short line. The basal area is
ground color, slightly shining, lightly and sparsely dusted with yellow-green
atoms, it occupies nearly a third of the wing on dorsal margin, a quarter on costa,
its outer margin oblique for two-thirds of its length, then vertical to dorsum.
The metallic lines are nearly parallel to each other, the space between first and
second is widest, the ground color between these two lines is also more heavily
overlaid, with the pale atoms, the same is the case between third and fourth, and
between fifth and apex ; making an etfect of three paler fasciae, separated by two
narrower darker fasciae. Cilia luteous-metallic, preceded by a narrow brown-
black line, the latter interrupted a third below apex by a small square yellowish-
green spot.

Hindwing: deep smoky brown, cilia white, preceded by a brown line, and this
by a faint narrow pale line; long hairs near base on veins 1 and lower median
vein white.

Underside both wings: dull brown ; underside forewing: costa marked with

W. D. KEARFOTT. 55

pale yellow beneath the metallic lines above, the small pale spot on outer margin
is also repeated, cilia shining brown. The cilia of hiudwing is same as above,
the tips of scales below outer half of costa and in apex are pale yellowish-green,
giving the outer half of wing an irrorated 'appearance.

Described from ten specimens in the U. S. National Museum,
bred from seed-pods of Oupressus macrocarpa, Alameda Co., Cal.,
issued Jan. 1 to 24, 1886, breeding number 68.

Co types in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Cydia piperana sp. nov.

Expanse, % and 9, 18.5 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax cinereous-gray, with atoms of paler gray. Abdomen
and legs shining fuscous. Palpi porrect, ascending, second joint long, loosely
clothed, third joint bare, extends beyond face.

Forewing: dull brown ; closely, evenly and heavily overlaid with pale yellow
atoms, these atoms not arranged in parallel transverse lines as in cupressana.
Several metallic, silvery lines, with bluish reflections, cross the wing. One, just
before the middle from costa to dorsum, nearly vertical, but slightly bulging out-
ward about middle; the second, beyond middle, runs obliquely to dorsum before
anal angle, and there joins a preciliate metallic line, the latter arising on costa at
apex. Between second and outer lines are two short ones on costa, the outer is
double the length of the inner, and is oblique. The metallic lines are narrowly
edged with black. Cilia shining luteous, preceded by a narrow black line.

Hindwing: smoky fuscous, darker towaids apex, cilia white, preceded by dark
fuscous line, and it preceded by a very narrow whitish line.

Undei'sldes both wings: shining fuscous, with a coppery reflection. Cilia same
as above.

Two specimens: Pullman, Wash., April 11, 1898; collected by
Mr. C. V. Piper, in whose honor the species is named.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Cydia inquilina sp. nov.

Expanse, 9 > 14-15 mm.

Head : shortly and loosely scaled in front and above, face small, cinereous,
thickly dotted with fuscous or smoky brown. Palpi short, scarcely extend be-
yond head, second joint above with compressed scales, below loosely clothed with
short scales hanging vertically downward, from end of second joint to base ; outer
joint as long as second, depressed, not hidden by tufts of second, closely clothed
with short, compressed scales; pale cinereous, excepting all of third joint and a
patch on outer sides of outer half of second, which are smoky black. Antennse
(female) simple, cinereous, lightly annulated with dashes between segments.
Thorax smooth, it and patagia cinereous, thickly dotted with smoky brown. Ab-
domen dark fuscous, posterior edges each segment cinereous. Legs cinereous,
annulated with smoky brown.

Forewing: smoky brown, tinged with ferruginous, minutely and thickly dotted
with cinereous. A large patch of coppery-metallic scales in middle of wing below

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUAKY, 1907.

56 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

costa, and a smaller vertical patch of same color before ocellic spot. A sinuate
line of same color scales outlines outer side of ocellic spot, this line is interrupted
in middle, and beyond the break on outer margin is a dot of same color. Several
horizontal black streaks in ocellic spot. Costa from inner third to apex black,
which is broken by six geminated cinereous dashes, about evenly spaced. Ex-
cepting the two apical pairs, these geminate dashes are heavily overlaid with
bluish-metallic scales, most conspicuous in four short oblique lines at and beyond
middle of wing, and an extended line from third spot before apex, which con-
tinues below the outer spots to outer margin about a quarter below apex. A nar-
row shade of ochreous-red or wine color from before middle covers upper part of
wing below costa, turning downward at apex and ending on outer margin at anal
angle. This reddish shade sharply contrasts with a black preciliate line on outer
margin, and with the black and metallic streaks along the casta. In the apical
third are a few short horizontal streaks of black. Cilia fuscous, with a shining
purplish reflection.

Hind wing: smoky fuscous, paler basally, cilia pale fuscous, preceded by a
broader, darker and a narrower paler line. Underside same.

Underside forewing: very dark, smoky, black; cilia same, preceded by slightly
paler line; costal cinereous dashes faintly separated.

Three female specimens : two labelled " San Francisco, California,
Mrs. Knickerbocker," and one red ink number 69, Seattle, Wash-
ington, O. B. Johnson.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and in my collection.

~ ~~Ancylis intermediaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12.5-14 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax and antenuse pale cinereous; palpi projecting two-thirds
length of head before it, usually depressed, second joint heavily scaled, not com-
pressed, entirely concealing third joint, sharply truncated at outer end. Scales
of head long, forming small brush in front and ridge between eyes. Abdomen
shining gray, anal tuft cinerous ; legs cinereous, a shade paler between joints.

Forewing: pale gray, overlaid with shining whitish scales = ground color.
Large dorsal and other prominent spots olivaceous-brown = dark color. Large
dorsal spots from base to anal angle on dorsum, upper edge from middle of base,
swelling gently upward, reaching highest elevation at about inner third, where
it is as wide as three-fifths the width of the wing, evenly rounded on top, thence
descending, evenly without prominences towards anal angle, slightly sub-sinuate
before angle; a continuous line of dark color is continued from anal angle as a
preciliate line and merges into the dtirk color at apex. At the middle of costa an
oblique fascia begins, but extends only two-thirds towards anal angle, and widens
out into a well-defined lunate spot, the inner, lower and outer margins forming
the curved portion ; a falcate dark color spot in apex, preceded by eight short
oblique dashes of same color on costa between apex and central fascia. These
dark costal spots are separated by oblique lines of white lustrous scales, the lower
points of each of the outer four are overlaid with lustrous blue, a few scales of
same color beneath apex ; the inner bounds the upper edges of lunate spot and
runs into a line of bluish lustrous scales dividing this spot from the ocellic space ;
the next outer white line merges with the inner, the third and fifth are very

W. D. KEARFOTT. 57

short and less than half the. length of the fourth, sixth, seventh and eighth white
lines. The first to sixth are outwardly oblique, the seventh vertical and eighth
inwardly obliqe. The dark costal dashes on each side of the sixth white line
join together below and form a distinctly defined sinuate line, the outer edge of
which rests on middle of outer margin. The inner boundary of this line is de-
fined by a line of bluish lustrous scales, which also separates it from outer edge
of ocellic patch. The pale ground color covers upper two-fifths of wing on costa
before central fascia, thence descends in an easy sweep, with almost parallel
edges between dorsal and lunate spots to the dorsum, then into and forming the
ocellic space; a faint shade of darker scales crosses it on upper edge of cell, and
in the ocellic space it is slightly overlaid with darker scales. The lunate spot at
its outer end is cut by a short horizontal line of black scales, with a dot of same
above the line. Cilia shining white, cut by a long black dash beneath apex and
a shorter one below this, and margined inwardly by a row of black dots between
apex and middle ; below apex outer ends of cilia shaded with olivaceous-cinereous.

Hind wing: olivaceous-gray, cilia paler, preceded by a darker and a lighter
line, the laiter the narrowest.

Underside both wings: shining fuscous, hind wing paler than forewing; ciner-
eous along costa of ford wing, with darker spots repeated. Several dark dots on
outer half of costa of hind wing. Cilia cinereous.

Nineteen specimens ; male and female, one Seattle, Wash., O. B.
Johnson, No. 51 ; eighteen, Wellington, Br., Col., Rev. Geo. W.
Taylor and Th. Bryant, May and June.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Eiiarmouia walsinghami sp. nov.

Expanse 15-20 mm.

Head: smoky brown; palpi light brown, darker on ends of scales and apical
joint; antennae fuscous; thorax bronzy-black; abdomen dark fuscous, anal tuft
brownish-ochreous; legs light brownish-ochreous, annulated and dusted with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: brownish-black, on the inner half of costa are seven or eight ochre-
ous dots on the extreme edge, four larger and more prominent dots are on the
outer half, but do not extend below the edge. The white dorsal patch is large
and roughly triangular in shape, it extends to middle of wing on the dorsum,
within the spot are two small black dots; there is a gray shade extending from
upper end of the white patch to the costa before middle; a similar gray shade
extends from the three inner costal marks; beyond the middle, to middle of cell
and from the fourth, a pair of lines of the same color to the middle of the termen ;
between these gray shades and between the outer one and termen the ground
color is overlaid with scattered black and ochreous-brown scales. The ocellus
consists of a large U-shaped mark of gray-metallic scales, the lower rounded part
resting on the termen above the angle, and the upper open and extending to be-
yond middle of wing. Cilia smoky brown, preceded by irregular darker line.

Hindwing: dark smoky brown ; underside the same, but less dark cilia shin-
ing fuscous.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (8) FEBRUARY, 1907.

58 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Underside forewing: same as hiudwing, with oclireous costal marks and the
white dorsal patch repeated. ^

Seven specimens: Hemlock Falls, N. J., April 29th ; Essex Co.,
N. J., April 30th and May 4th ; Great Notch, N. J., May 4th ;
Tryon, N. C, W. F. Fiske.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

This is the eastern representative of the Californian americana
Wism. Since the note published in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxviii,
362, 1905, I have received additional material which makes it very
evident that the species are distinct. I take pleasure in dedicating
the new form to Lord Walsingham, whose careful work on North
American Tortricids is so well known and appreciated.

£iiai'inoiiia dyarana sp. nov.

Expanse, 9 , 16-17 mm.

Head : dark gray-browu, lighter iu front; palpi light clay color, the long hair
on the outer side of tufts fuscous ; apical joint fuscous ; antenuse Itlackish-fuscous;
thorax blackish-fuscous, patagia of an olivaceous-fuscous shade; abdomen black-
ish-fuscous, anal tuft and underside anal segments whitish.

Forewing: blackish-brown, the outer fourth faintly irrorated with yellowish
scales. Ou the costa before the middle is a pair of white dashes joining at top of
cell and continuing to middle of cell as a dull leaden metallic line. Beyond the
middle are four pairs of similar dashes, from all descend lines of metallic scales,
that from the inner pair nearly joining the upper end of the dorsal mark. There
is a small metallic spot on termen below apex ; and beyond it, interrupting the
black terminal line, is a patch of cream-colored scales. The ocellic spot is absent,
hut represented by a vertical bar of metallic scales starting from dorsum at anal
angle and slightly curving inward to above middle of wing. The white dorsal
mark arises from beyond middle of wing and inclines outward, it is composed of
two white lines which come close together at middle of their length, and are sep-
arated at each end, they extend to above middle of wing, the scales at upper end
metallic. Cilia shining fuscous.

Hind wing: smoky fuscous, cilia paler; underside the same.

Underside forewing: shining grayish-fuscous, with costal dashes as well as
ocellic bar strongly reproduced in cream color, a da,sh of same through middle of
cell.

Three 9 specimens: Colorado, collected by Dyar and Caudell.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and my collection.

This species is roughly scaled and will go in the same class as E.
americana.

Eiiariuoiiia edwardsiaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12-14 mm.

Head and thorax blackish -hrown ; palpi pale clay-brown ; antenna black ; abdo-
men blackish-fuscous, external tips of scales on underside paler, anal tuft ochre-
ous; legs whitish-gray, powdered with blackish-brown.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 59

Forewing: browu, with a slight bronzy tinge; in the fresh specimen rather
heavily streaked with gray from base to termen. On the cosla below middle are
two oblique white streaks, between them and base another white shade that does
not extend below costa ; beyond the middle are four pairs of white costal dashes,
the inner one of the first pair giving off a short line of lilaceous metallic scales;
the outer one of the second pair gives off a similar line, which runs beneath the
third pair; the outer dash of the fourth pair continues as a broken line of metallic
to termen beneath apex ; these white dashes are separated by black interspaces.
The ocellic spot is absent, being represented by a vertical bar of yellowish-gray
metallic scales. The white dorsal streak is slightly beyond middle of wing and ■
consists of two narrow oblique lines joined together at the top by metallic scales,
and this extension reaching above middle of wing. Between the two lines on
dorsum is a tiny white dot, a similar dot on dorsum before the first line; one or
both of these dots are absent in some specimens. Cilia shining leaden, preceded
by a black terminal line.

Hind wings: dark bronzy-brown, tuft of hair scales at base of median vein and
cilia white. Underside whitish-bronze, mottled along costa with darker brown.

Underside forewing: same as hind wing, but outer half shinish reddish-bronze ;
costal spots strong, repeated.

Four specimens : three Henry Edwards' collection, Am. Mus.
Nat. Hist., Reg. Nos. 14,564, 14,568, and 14,569, Coll. Nos. 236
and 235, California ; one specimen, San Francisco, Cal.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and in my collection.

This species is similar to our eastern E. tristrigana Clem., hut can
be distinguished by the different dorsal marks. The three speci-
mens from the Edwards' collection are somewhat faded, and are of
a -light cinnamon brown, the gray streaks absent, but tlie costal,
ocellic, and dorsal marks agree with the fresher specimen.

Enarmoiiia laiia sp. nov. / /:l. tg-t^

Expanse 13 5-15 mm. 7/ #•'

Head : fuscous, dark cream in front; palpi whitish, with a few dots on brown
on outside of tufts; antennse fuscous; thorax olivaceous-brown; abdomen purp-
lish-fuscous, shining, outer ends of scales on underside whitish-fuscous; legs
bronzy-brown.

Forewing: brownish-bronze, shining all over. There are two short oblique
white dashes on costa before middle; beyond middle are eight white dashes, the
inner pair geminate, and the six outer ones arranged in three pair, interspaces dark
brown ; from the inner dash and from the first pair, short lines of bluish-metallic
scales parallel the costa ; a short line of the same is below the eighth. There is a
dot of the same in termen beneath apex. The ocellic spot is absent, but repre-
sented by a vertical bar of golden metallic scales reaching to middle of wing,
between it and termen the ground color is overlaid with yellowish scales. The
dorsal mark is broad and divided into four lines, they are somewhat contracted
at the top, where they reach to the middle of the wing. Terminal line dark
brown, cut below apex by a black streak, bordering which below is a white scale.

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBEUARY. 1907.

60 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA,

Hiudwing: dark bronzy-brown, with a dash of whitish at base, cilia pale fus-
cous. Underside of both wings dark bronzy-brown, with costal dashes faintly
repeated.

Two specimens: one % and one 9> Colfax, Placer Co., Cal ,
July, Collected by A. H. Vachell. 7; ^ ' > -

This species is also similar to the eastern tristrigana, but can be
separated by the difference in costal and dorsal marks.

Eiiarmonia placeraiia sp. nov.

Expanse, % , 12-14 mm. ; 9 , 14-16 mm.

Head : fuscous-brown, paler in front; palpi pale clay-brown, tips of brush and
apical joint blackish-brown; antennae black, with a bronzy tinge; thoiax oliva-
ceous-brown, patagia tipped with white; abdomen fuscous-brown, external scales,
underside, white; thorax whitish-ochreous; legs cinereous-gray, powdered with
fuscous.

Forewing: bronzy-brown, shaded with leaden gray on inner third on dorsal and
costal margins of male. Before the middle of costa there are two white marks
on extreme edge next to base, between these and middle are two white oblique
dashes, the lower ends continuing as pale blue-metallic, and almost running into
top of dorsal mark. Beyond middle are eight narrow oblique white dashes, the
first sends a metallic-blue line obliquely across wing and joins the upper end of
the vertical ocellic bar; from the fourth a metallic blue line runs parallel to costa
and combines with a similar extension from the eight. The ocellus is represented
by a vertical bar of silvery-gray metallic scales, the lower end resting on termen
above anal angle, it curves slightly inward. The white dorsal patch is broad and
divided into two lines by a line of brown, in some specimens each side line is
subdivided by a central dotting of brown scaJes; it curves slightly outward, and
in the 9 specimens there is a tendency to broaden out at upper end, which
reaches to middle of wing and terminates in a few metallic blue scales. Termi-
nal line black, cut below apex by a dash of whitisli-fuscous. Cilia leaden-fhscous.

Hindwing: dark bronzy-brown, cilia fuscous, underside both wings the same,
with costal dashes repeated.

Three S and four 9 specimens : Placer Co., Cal., May to June ;
six collected by A. H. Vachell ; one, collection of U. S. Nat. Mus.

This species is marked like tristrigana, but the shape of the wings

and rather rough scales place it in the same class as americana

Wism.

Enarmoiiia wana sp. nov.

Expanse 10-12 mm.

Head : gray, speckled with darker gray ; palpi pale cinereous, upper end of tuft
a shade darker, outer joint blackish ; antenna gray, with darker annulations at
joints, thorax bronzy-brown, with a reddish-green tinge; abdomen shining
blackish-fuscous above, paler beneath, anal tuft wliitish ; legs whitish-gray, shin-
ing iridescent scales.

Forewing: shining bronzy-brown. Before the middle are three white costal
dashes, the inner one nearly obsolete, each (-ontinuing to top of cell in lines of
leaden-metallic. Beyond the middle are three pairs of white costal dashes, the
two inner pairs close together, the outer close to the apex, all are continuous as

W. D. KEARFOTT. 61

fiolden-metallic lines to a third below costa. The ocellic spot is olivaceous-yellow,
crossed by four horizontal black lines; the vertical side-bars are jjolden-metallic,
the inner one connecting with first costal line beyond middle. The dorsal white
patch, which is divided by a brown dot on dorsum, about three times as long as
wide, curving outward slightly and reaching but a trifle above fold ; from the
outer upper edge it is continued as a metallic line to above middle of wing ap-
proaching but not joining the metallic line from costal spot before middle. The
tips of the scales on upper half to middle, in apex and before termen are tipped
with yellow. There is a dark brown terminal line cut by a white dash below
apex. Cilia shining fuscous.

Hindwing: bronzy-brown, paler towards base, cilia same inwardly, white out-
wardly ; underside shining gray-white.

Underside forewing: shining bronzy-brown, with costal spots repeated. In
certain lights there is a greenish bloom over both surfaces of both wings.

About fifty specimens : Carinel-by-the-Sea, Monterey Co., Cal.,

April ; San Luis Obispo, Cal., March ; all collected by A. H.

Vachell.

Eiiarmonia icana sp. uov.

Expanse 10-15 mm.

Head and thorax grayish-brown ; palpi pale clay color, ends of tuft and third
joint blackish ; antennae fuscous-brown ; abdomen blackish-fuscous, paler between
joints, anal tuft ochreous; legs pale brown, heavily overlaid with black.

Forewing: bronzy-brown, with a metallic bloom in certain lights; the costa is
marked with three obscure whitish spots before middle, from the outer two of
which an obscure milky white shining fascia follows to middle then angles inward
to dorsal margin. Beyond middle is a group of four white costal dots, obscurely
geminate, the inner sends a line of shining silvery scales obliquely to middle
thence down to dorsum, where it forms the inner bar of the ocellic spot; a short
shining line from fourth spot joins the preceding at middle of wing. Before the
apex are two hook-shaped white dashes, the outer one sending a broken line of
shining scales to middle of termen ; before these two dashes is an obscure white
spot on costa, which sends a broken line of metallic scales to anal angle, the lower
part forming the outer vertical bar of ocellus. The ocellus consists of a shining
yellowish patch, divided by four short horizontal lines, these lines do not reach
the side-bars, the outer bar is defined on its inner side by a broken row of black
dots, with a few black dots on its outer side. The ground color of the outer half
of the wing is heavily overlaid with golden-yellow scales. Cilia shining fuscous,
preceded by a dark fuscous line.

Hindwing: rather light bi-onze, cilia pale gray, shining ; underside brownish-
gray, rather heavily reticulated with pale gray scales, especially at outer end of
wing.

Underside forewing: upper half bronzy-brown, shading into a brownish gray
below; costal spots repeated.

Twenty-four specimens: Wellington, Br. Col., May and June,
Geo. W. Taylor and T. Bryant.

This species is similar to E. vana, but can be separated by the
arrangement of costal spots and the ocellic spots.

TBANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBEUARY, 1907.

62 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

I
EiiarmoiiiH vaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 13-15 mm.

Head and thorax dark gray, with a bronzy tinge, face pale yellowish gray ;
palpi yellowish-gray, with tips of scales and apical joint blackish ; autennse fus-
cous, finely annulated with yellowish-gray; abdomen blackish-fuscous above,
cinereous beneath ; legs whitish-cinereous, thickly powdered with dark brown.

Forewing: shining bronzy-brown ; the strongest marked character is the ocellic
spot, consisting of a patch of cream-colored scales, with a pinkish tinge and divi-
ded by four horizontal black lines; before and beyond this patch is a vertical bar
of golden-metallic scales, also with a pinkish hue. The costa is marked by about
six geminate cream-colored dashes ; from the two pairs before the middle descend
obliquely to top of cell obscure pinkish-metallic lines, which merge there, and an
irregular and more or less obscure fascia of the same color reaches the dorsum at
middle of wing. Beyond the middle the first and third pair of spots give off lines
of pink-metallic, which approach each other about the middle of wing and nearly
merge into the inner bar of the ocellic spot. A similar line curves outward from
the second spot before apex, but ends before the termen ; the dot before the apex
gives forth a similar line, which runs into termen under the apex and causes a
break in the black terminal line. The scales of the ground color of the outer
half of wing are very faintly tipped with yellowish, giving a strigulated appear-
ance. Cilia shining leaden.

Hindwing: light bronzy-brown, cilia same, with a leaden hue; underside same.

Underside forewing: darker than hindwing, costal spots strong, repeated.

Eight specimens: Colfax, Placer Co., Gal., July ; collected by A.
H. Vachell.

Eiiarmonia iana sp. nov.

Expanse, 'J, , 12-13 mm. ; 9,15-16 mm.

Head: olivaceous-gray, collar and face cinereous-gray; palpi cinereous, third
joint blackish ; antennae fuscous ; thorax olivaceous-gray, patagia streaked with
whitish-gray; abdomen blackish-fuscous, with a few long white hairs from poste-
rior segments; legs cinereous, dotted and annulated with dark brown.

Forewing: basal area dark leaden-gray, outwardly irrurated with yellow, fol-
lowed by a broad cream-yellow central fascia, beyond which the leaden-gray
ground color is heavily irrorated with vertical lines of creamy-yellow scales, ex-
cept in the ocellic area, where the yellow lines are horizontal and separate the
four horizontal black lines. From the outer third of costa is a wedge-shaped,
cream-colored patch extending to middle of cell, and between its lower end and
the central fascia is a smaller rectangular spot of the same color. This costal
patch is marked on either side by a more intense yellow spot on costa, and is
interrupted by one strong and one weak black costal dot; there is a similar black
costal dot in central fascia. There are three transverse lines of shining leaden-
metallic scales in the middle of the wing, two in the central fascia, the inner a
little beyond the inner edge and extending only to middle of wing, the outer
outlining this fascia, the third an equal distance beyond the second, its lower
half forms the vertical inner bar of the ocellic space. There is a fourth line of
the same scales from a broad white costal patch before apex to anal angle, inter-
rupted twice, its lower half forms the outer vertical bar of the ocellic spot. There
is a fine black terminal line, and the cilia is shining cinereous.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 63

Hind wing: bronzy-brown, cilia white; underside brownish-fuscous, cilia gray.
Underside forewing: steely-brown, costal spot repeated, cilia shining leaden,
preceded by a darker and lighter line.

Twenty specimens: Verdi, Nev., June 20th to 30th; Cisco and

ColfUx, Placer Co., Cal., June and July; all collected by A. H.

Vachell. ' •

Enarmoiiia Tiiiicouveraiia sp. nov.

Expanse 11-13 rum.

Head and thorax dark brown, nearly black; palpi cinereous; antennae black ;
abdomen dark purplish-fuscous, tuft ochreous; legs dark gray, tarsi annulated
with cinereous.

Forewing: bi'onzy-black, a grayish shade at base and less black and more red-
dish-brown at outer end. The costa is marked with four pairs of white, oblique
dashes, from each pair a line of metallic-blue scales, none of them go below one-
third the width of wing; opposite the end of the apical line is a tiny blue dot on
termen below apex. The ocellic spot is absent, being represented only by the
inner vertical bar of lilaceous scales. The white basal dash is narrow, slightly
curved outwardly, does not reach to middle of wing. In some specimens it is
divided by a line of ground color; in one, the two halves are joined together in
the middle, leaving forked ends below and above. Terminal line black. Cilia
shining fuscous.

Hindwing: bronzy-brown, underside grayish-brown, cilia fuscous.

Underside forewing: bronzy-brown, with costal spots repeated.

Ten specimens : Wellington, Br. Col., June, T. Bryant.

This very black species can hardly be mistaken for any other. I
notice a small amount of variety in the costal marks of several of
the specimens, there being an extra white dash between the third
and fourth pairs.

Enarinonia saundersana sp. nov.

Expanse 10-12.5 mm.

Head and palpi : cinereous-gray ; thorax and abdomen fuscous, latter cinereous
beneath ; legs cinereous, dusted with brown.

Forewing: bronzy-brown, shading to gray basally. Costa with ten rather long,
oblique, wedge-shaped, whitish dashes, with blue continuations from first, second,
fourth, seventh and tenth. The ocellic spot is nearly obsolete, being represented
only by the vertical inner bar of lilaceous-nietallic scales, narrowed, edged with
black on the inner side and a few irregularly placed black dots between outer
edge and termen. The dorsal mark is nearly obsolete, it consists of four faint
whitish lines, with their upper ends converging and ending a little above middle
of wing, the upper ends are overlaid with bluish-metallic scales. Termen line
black, and a black dot in apex. Cilia shining fuscous.

Hindwing: bronzy-brown, cilia same as forewing.

Underside both wings: bronzy-gray, with costal spots repeated.

Four specimens: Toronto, Can., May 24th to June 11th; "On

Lupin," H. S. Saunders.

*

TBANS. AM. BNT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBKOAKY, 1907.

64 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Euarnionia l*ana sp. uov.

Expanse 7.5-10 mm.

Head and thorax in some ligbts like the grayish-blue bloom of a ripe plum, in
other lights with a purplish-metallic reflection ; pnlpi yellowish-white, outer joint
darker; abdomen above same as thorax, beneath cinereous; legs cinereous, dusted
with brown.

Forewing: bronzy-brown, but shaded with the plum-bloom in the inner fourth.
On the costa are eight broad, oblique white lines divided by dark brown and ex-
tending to top of cell ; from the first, third, sixth and eighth the lines are contin.
ued as pale metallic-blue. That from the third spot runs obliquely to and joins
the inner metallic bar of the ocellic spot; that from the sixth spot goes towards
but does not join the outer bar; the blue beneath the eighth is but a few scales.
The ocellic area is large, filling the outer fourth of wing from anal angle to above
middle; it consists of six black lines (the upper line is a row of dots, and the
lower is short, with a spur angling downward), the vertical side-bars are shining
lilaceous-metallic, the inner is double the width of the outer. In the middle of
dorsal margin is a large white spot, in some specimens not divided, but in others
divided by a line of brown, it is slightly inclined outward and reaches but a trifle
above the fold, on its upper end the white is replaced by lilac-metallic scales
which obscurely extend to middle of wing. The extreme edge of termen is
brown, cilia shining leaden, with a white cut just below apex.

Hind wings and underside of both : bronzy-brown, shading to grayish-brown at
base.

Ten specimens : Anglesea, N. J., May 15th to 30th ; Essex
County Park, N. J., May 15 ; Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 3d, Miss
Braun. ^

Close to interstinctana Clem., bracteatana Fern, and macu/ana
Fern.

Knarinonia angleseana sp. nov.

Expanse 10-11 mm.

Head above and thorax bronzy-gray, with a bluish reflection, face whitish-
gray; palpi cream color, apical joint a shade darker; abdomen blackish-fuscous,
with a purplish reflection above, a band of cream color on each segment below ;
legs whitish-cinereous, shaded with light brown.

Forewing: bi'onzy-brown, with a leaden shade at base. The outer three-fourths
of costa is marked with nine rather broader lines; all, excepting the third, which
is yellow, pure white; these white lines are unusually long, reaching to top of
cell; from the first and second, which join together and separately from the
fourth, seventh and ninth, are short lines of pale metallic-blue scales. The ninth
outlines a large blackish-brown apical spot. In the ocellic space are five horizon-
tal black lines, separated by four yellow lines, the latter are joined together in-
wardly, forming a vertical yellow bar; on either side the ocellus is enclosed by a
bar of lilaceous-metallic scales, the inner bar being the broader and longer. Be-
tween this inner bar and middle of wing is a large shining yellow dorsal spot,
composed of five or six vertical lines, reaching almost to middle of wing, the two
outside lines are somewhat inclined towards each other at the top. Cilia shining,
leaden-brown.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 65

Hindwing: dark bronzy-brown, cilia grayish-brown ; underside bronzy-brown,
costal spots strongly repeated ; over both wings is an irridescent sheen or bloom,
when held at certain angles.

Forty-five specimens: Anglesea, N. J., from middle of May to
end of June; one specimen, labelled "Mass.," from C. V. Riley
collection, National Museum.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Nearest to interstinetana Clem., but readily separated by the wliite
dorsal mark of the latter. This species occurs in countless numbers
in the shrubbery along Five- Mile Beach. At every step dozens
rise and settle on the leaves of any convenient plant, where, for a
moment or two, they strut around, very similar to the habits of the
Choreutis.

Eiiarmonia dana sp. nov. « a L ^ V\ "vk.

Expanse 12-13 mm. "^'

Head: hoary-brown; palpi same, but cinereous at base; antenna gray, finely
annulated with black; thorax hoary-brown, with an olivaceous tinge; abdomen
fuscous, tuft cinereous; legs whitish-gray, dusted with brown.

Forevving: olivaceous-brown, eight or nine obscure whitish dots on costa, those
beyond middle geminate; from each costal spot descends a line of pale blue, be-
fore the middle these are short, the two in the middle join a quarter below costa
and send an oblique line to dorsum before the obsolete ocellic spot. The two
spots beyond this blend and send a single line to termen below apex The apical
part of wing is minutely dotted with yellow scales. There are four black dots on
termen below middle, and the lines of blue scales are bordered inwardly with
black dots. Cilia shining, leaden-brown.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia shining, leaden-brown.

Underside forewing and hindwing: shiny smoky brown, with costal spots
faintly repeated.

Eight specimens : Moutclair, N. J., May 24 ; Caldwell, N. J.,
May 17th and 22d ; Wyoming Co., Fa., 2300 ft., June 17th.

Eiiarmonia daiidana sp. nov.
Expanse 12 mm. ^ •

Head and palpi cinereous ; antenna shining fuscous; thorax brownish-fuscous;
abdomen dark fuscous, with a purplish reflection, anal tuft gray; legs whilish-
gray, dusted with fuscous.

Forewing: smoky brown, in certain lights with a metallic sheen over the
whole surface. Before the middle the costa is marked with closely set dots of
obscure white, each terminating below in a few pale blue scales. Beyond the
middle are five conspicuous geminate white spots. The inner one sends a line of
blue obliquely to upper angle of cell ; from the middle one a similar blue line
goes to termen below apex. Above the anal angle and well before the termen are
four horizontal black lines, enclosed before and behind by vertical bars of shining
lilaceous scales. This ocellic spot is higher up and farther in than its usual posi-
tion. A line of black scales lie between the two blue lines from costa. The

TSANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (9) FEBEUARY, 1907.

66 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

brown jiroiind color is sparsely dotted with yellow scales on the inner two-thirds
of wing and closely on the outer third. Cilia shining, leaden.

Hindwing: smoky brown, a shade paler at base, cilia gray, but tinged with
brown at apex ; underside smoky brown.

Hindwing: slightly lighter than forewing. the costal dots of the latter are
faintly repeated.

Four specimens: Essex County Park, N. J., on hills back of
Montclair, in light trap, Aug. 28th.

This species is much like E. dana, but can be readily separated
by the strongly developed ocellic spot, which is entirely wanting in
dana. I have male and female of both species.

Enarmonia garacana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Head and palpi olivaceous-gray, outside of palpi blackish ; antenna dark fus-
cous; thorax speckled fuscous-gray, posterior end fuscous, preceded by a whitish
streak; abdomen fuscous; legs whitish, dusted and banded with brown.

Forewing: olivaceous-fuscous, with three broad geminate whitish fasciae from
costa to middle of wing. On costa beyond middle .are four shorter whitish gemi-
nate spots and a white dash before apex. Between dorsum and fold are two whit-
ish patches, each divided by a darker line, one at inner fourth and one in middle.
From the outer third of costa a bluish-metallic line crosses wing to anal angle,
where it ends in a white dash in cilia, a similar metallic line from costal spot be-
fore apex ends as a white dash in cilia at middle of dorsum. Ocellic spot obso-
lete, consisting of a few scattered metallic scales. Termen edged with a tine black
line. Cilia leaden-gray.

Hindwing: bronzy-brown, cilia whitish, with a darker basal line; underside
grayish.

Underside forewing: smoky brown.

Four specimens: Chicago, 111., July, J. H. Reading; Trenton,
Ontario, J. D. Evans.

' ISpargaiiothis taravana sp. nov.

Expanse 1.3.5-20 mm.

Head and palpi redd ish-ochreous, latter paler within; thorax dark ochreous,
patagia purplish-ochreous ; antenna pale ochreous, shaded with purplish towards
base; abdomen ochreous; legs whitish, with an ochreous reflection, dusted with
pink and purplish-ochreous.

Forewing: pale ochreous, or light canary-yellow, under a lens the extreme tips
of each scale has a bluish-irridescent retiection. The extreme base is pinkish-
purple, this dark shade extends along costal and dorsal margins to inner sixth.
There is a narrow fascia of the same color across middle of wing, interrupted in
the middle of the cell, it is slightly farther away from base at dorsal than at cos-
tal margin. There is a narrow subterniinal fascia of the same color between
veins 2 and 7, broadest in the middle. At outer fourth of costa there is a faint
shade of the same color. There are four specimens with the middle fascia. 1
have thirteen which I consider the same species, in which the middle fascia is

W. D. KEARFOTT. 67

obsolete, being indicated on extreme costal edge by a faint shade. Cilia opposite
the yellow are concolorous, opposite the purplish the dark color overruns the
cilia at base, but extreme edge is yellow.

Hind wings: very light pinkish straw color; underside pale ochreous, streaked
with darker ochreous below costa and in middle of wing.

Underside forewing: ochreous, shaded with pinkish, the central and terminal
fasciae are lightly repeated.

Seventeen specimens: Hastings, Fla., March, April, Sept., Oct.,
and Nov., A. J. Brown ; Burnet Co., Texas, F. G. Schaupp.

Tlie varieties with and without the central fascia occur in both the
spring and fall and in both Florida and Texas.

Sparganothis yiiinana sp. nov.

Expanse, % , 14 mm. ; J , 16 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax, abdomen and forewing light ochreous in the male, and
dark ochreous in the female. In the latter there are a few dark scales between
lower vein of cell near its outer end and fold, and an almost invisible narrow
darker shade from outer third of dorsum to middle of costa. Cilia concolorous.

Hindwingof male same color as forewing; of female, light ochreous, darker
around the edges ; underside both wings light ochreous in male, darker in female.

One S and one 9 : Yuma Co., Ariz,, desert ; received through

J. B. Smith.

Sparganothis bistriala sp. nov.

Expanse 22-24 mm.

Head and palpi yellow, darker outwardly ; thorax yellow, patagia dark ochre-
ous at base and apex ; antenna pale yellow ; abdomen and legs dirty yellow, latter
banded and dusted with purplish-red.

Forewing: bright canary-yellow, strigulated with vertical lines of shining
opalescent scales, in a general way following the curve of the termeu ; these
bright lines cross wing from base to termen, and each forms a shining spot on
costa. There is a costal line of bright red from base to outer sixth, a similar band
through mid^lle of cell from base to end of cell, a slight shade of the same color
on dorsum at outer end of fold. Cilia yellow.

Hind wing: above and below pink or dark flesh color, cilia whitish.

Underside forewing: ochreous, shaded with pink through middle of wing, and
red on and below costa.

Three specimens : Shovel Mountain, Burnett Co., Texas, F. G.
Shaupp; Florida.

Sparganothis tristriata sp. nov.

Expanse 17-23 mm.

Head and palpi: dark ochreous; antenna purplish-fuscous; thorax dark och-
reous, patagia wide-red ; abdomen light fuscous, anal tuft light brown ; legs whit-
ish, powdered with reddish-brown.

Forewing: light canary-yellow, with three wine-red streaks from base to ter-
men. The upper edges, the costa, the middle is above the middle of the wing,
and the lower one on dorsum between it and fold, the last is shaded with yellow

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

68 AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA.

along dorsum for inner third. There is a lighter subterniinal shade of the same
color which joins the outer ends of the three streaks together. The two yellow
interspaces are about of equal width to the red streaks. As in bistriata there are
vertical strigulations of shiniug irridescent scales, they are more conspicuous on
the red streaks, and in the inner part of wing are nearly obsolete on the yellow
shades. Cilia yellowish at apex, becoming pinkish at anal angle.

Hindwing: purplish-fuscous, cilia paler; underside gray, with a purplish tinge.

Underside forewing: ochreish-purple, narrowly ochreish along costa, and paler
beneath fold.

Five specimens : Duluth, Minn., from C. H. Fernald's collection ;
*Plummer's Island, Md., Sept. 18th, A. Busck. The Maryland speci-
men is 23 mm., while all of the Minnesota specimens are 5 to 6 mm.
smaller.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus. and Prof. Fernald's collection.

Both this species and the preceding are allied to S. striata Wlsm.

C'enopis saracana sp. nov.

Expanse, % , 19 mm. ; J , 20 and 23 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax and forewing light fawn-brown or light terra
cotta; abdomen whitish-fawn, anal tuft light fawn; legs whitish, dusted with
dark fawn.

Forewing: light fawn, spotted with dark purplish-fawn. At the extreme base
is a shade of t!ie dark color. On the costa at inner third a roughly triangular
dark spot ; at the outer fourth is a larger darker spot, connecting with a smaller
spot in middle of wing, which also connects with a large triangular spot on dor-
sum at outer third; the three spots with their connecting lines forming an
inwardly oblique fascia. The dark markings of the female specimens are larger
and more abundant than of the male, the spots of the outer fascia are broader and
there is a small dark spot on inner fourth of dorsum in line with the axis of the
costal spot above it ; there is also a fine strigulation of dark dots on costa between
fascia and apex, the outer row of which extends to middle of termen. The fore-
wing of both sexes is strigulated with vertical rows of irridescent dots, of a sil-
very-bluish hue.

Hindwing: light reddish-terra cotta, white above cell; underside very light
fawn, without the reddish hue.

Underside forewing: light yellowish-fawn around the edges, brownish-fawn in
middle.

One % and two $ : Essex County Park, N. J., on hills above
Montclair ; two flown specimens, July, one bred from larva twisting
the leaves of common sassafras; larva found June loth, moth issued

July 6th.

Cenopis karacaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 18 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax light yellowish-fawn; antenna grayish-terra cotta;
abdomen and legs whitish-terra cotta, latter dusted with brown.

Forewing: light yellow, strigulated with vertical rows of shining whitish scales

W. 1). KEARFOTT. 69

and marked with light purple spots. The male costal fold, which is very short,
and a small shade at extreme base are purple. There is a narrow pnrple fascia
from inner fourth of costa to middle of dorsum, widest on costa and hardly more
than a line on lower half. A purple triangular spot on outer third of costa in one
specimen sends a fine line to lower third of wing, pointing to anal angle, and two
or three small dark dots on costa between the spot and apex.

Hind wing: above and below whitish fawn, cilia the same.

Underside forewing: yellow along costa and termen, white below fold, interior
light pinkish-brown.

Two male specimens: one bred from larva crumpling the leaves
of bayberry, Anglesea, N. J., June 14tli, issued July 9th ; breeding
No. K. 367 ; one from larva rolling the leaves of black oak, Essex
County Park, N. J., May 30th, issued June 29th; breeding No.
K. 224. I have the following notes on the larva of K. 224 : " Rolls
side of leaf into a tight cylinder ; length 12 mm., pale yellow, lighter
subdorsal lines on which are tubucules 1 and 2; annulate subspi-
racular line also lighter. Head jet black, whitish collar separates
P. T. shield, which is jet black and large, covering all dorsal area.
A long tubecular plate below shield and before spiracle, also a smaller
spot at base of leg, jet black. Anal shield nearly round, concolorous
with skin, but slightly shining."

Archips braiiniaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 19-22 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen brownish-gray, with a darker collar between
head and thorax; antenna whitish-gray, annulated above with darker gray; legs
whitish-gray, powdered with fuscous.

Forewing: shades of light and dark gray, with three velvety brown spots,
forming an oblique fascia from base of dorsal margin to costa at outer third. The
ground color is whitish-gray, finely and closely dotted with a darker gray, and
slightly lighter on outer end of wing. The male costal fold, which is broad and
long, is dark gray. At inner eighth of dorsal margin is a narrow velvety dark
brown fascia to middle of wing at inner third, separated from it by a gray shade
is a large flattened oblong spot extending from upper edge of cell at middle to
anal angle, only the upper edge of this spot is dark brown, all of the lower part
being a light grayish-brown ; from the dark brown upper part a spur is sent out-
ward. A similar dark brown spot on costa at outer third is separated from the
middle spot by leaden-gray shade, edged with whitish gray, this costal spot is
twice as long on costa as its vertical thickness, and its lower edge is rounded;
from the outer edge of this spot a streak of lighter brown runs into termen at
lower third, between this latter and the middle spot is an ovate spot of leaden-
gray. There is a black dot in costa before apex and one on termen just below
apex, and a broken line of black scales below the latter. Cilia concolorous.

Hindwing: smoky gray, whitish above cell, cilia whitish, with a dark basal
line. Underside both wings gray, forewing darker.

TBAN8. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. FKBRUAKY, 1907.

70 . AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Seven specimeus: (.incinnati, Ohio, June 15th and 17th, Miss
Annette F. Braun ; New Brighton, Pa., June 22d, F. A. Merrick.

This species will come next to Archips grisea Rob., which its color
scheme resembles.

Pandemia pyrusana sp. nov.

Expanse, % , 22 mm. ; 9 > 26 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax light brown, outer joint of palpi and antenna fuscous-
brown ; abdomen white, anal tuft and legs yellowish-white, latter powdered with
brown.

Forewing: light ochreous-brown, with the usual fascia of this genus of a darker
shade. The basal area is defined by a nearly obsolete line from costal fourth to
dorsal third, this line is outwardly oblique to a third below costa, between which
and dorsum it strongly curved inward ; between it and the base are more or less
obsolete parallel strigulations. The middle fascia, from middle of costa to before
anal angle, is constricted above upper fourth, below which it broadens out and
the sides are parallel. The outer costal spot begins at outer third, is semi-ovate,
with outer end pointed and nearly reaching apex. The dorsal margin is dusted
with blackish-fuscous scales, and this dark shade extends up nearly to middle of
wing on the inner half of middle fascia, and slightly above dorsum on the inside
of basal line, the dark shade extends around the anal angle into the termen to
the apex, overflowing on to the cilia which is of the same color. There is a slight
dusting of this dark shade on inner fourth of costa.

Hindwing: shining white, becoming yellowish-brown at apex and with a yel-
lowish subterminal shade, cilia white; underside the same, but the yellowish-
brown extends further into the wing.

Underside forewing: light yellowish-brown, or terra cotta, slightly darker be-
low costa on inner half aud at termen, cilia blackish-fuscous. In the female the
dark shade is not so distinct on dorsal margin, and does not overspread the fascia.

Three specimens: Alameda Co., Cal., Sept., larva on leaves of
apple ; Alameda Co., Cal., June; Los Angeles Co., Cal., Coquillett.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Tortrix kukakaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 24 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax light brown ; abdomen light brown, white on
first segment and lateral scales on first to third segments; legs light brown,
banded and dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: clay -yellow or very light brown, vertically strigulated with dark
brown. These strigulations concentrate and form a middle fascia and costal spot
before apex. The inner edge of fascia is from inner third of costa to three-fifths
on dorsum, the outer edge from middle of costa to dorsum just before angle, the
outer line is obscurely defined below. Cilia whitish, tipped with dark brown.

Hindwing: white, speckled with fuscous along dorsal margin, and less heavily
along termen, with some scales of same color all over the wing, underside the
same, cilia white.

Underside forewing: same as upper side, with dark strigulations repeated, but
the fascia and costal spot obsolete.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 71

Two specimens: Kukak Bay, Alaska, July 1, 1899, Harrinian
Expeditiou, '99, T. KincaiH, collector.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Torlrix iiervosana sp. nov.

Expanse 20-22 mm.

Hear], palpi, thorax and antenna light buff-biown ; abdomen grayish-fuscous,
anal tuft creamy-white; legs creamy-white, dusted with brown.

Forewing: light brassy-brown ; all veins, especially strong beyond cell, over-
laid with fuscous. Cilia concolorous.

Hindwing: grayisb-white, darker above dorsum, cilia whitish; upperside
cream color.

Underside forewing: smoky or brownish gray, dull ochreous at extreme edge
of costa and along termen, cilia whitish.

Three specimens: Winchenden, Mass., July 5th and Aug. 7th,
F. A. Merrick ; Scranton, Pa., June 17th, A. E. Lister.

This species is of the shape and general appearance of T. pallorana
Rob., and may prove to be a variety of it, but can easily be sepa-
rated by the veins being overlaid with a darker shade.

Tortrix seininolana sp. nov.

Expanse 19-22 mm.

Head and palpi: yellowish-brown, with the outer ends of the scales and outside
of palpi reddish-brown ; antenna and thorax reddish-brown; abdomen and legs
yellowish-brown, the latter dusted with reddish-brown.

Forewing: shining yellowish-brown, finely strigulated with non-shining lines
of the same color, towards the costa in inner third the yellowish-brown strigula-
tions alternate with reddish-brown. A central fascia, which is nearly obsolete,
except at costa and dorsum, obliquely cross wing from middle of costa to dorsum
before angle, it is widest below. The fascia is reddish-brown, overlaid on upper
fourth with dark leaden-fuscous scales; there are a few scales of the same color
above dorsum. The reddish-brown triangular spot on costa before apex is small
and also contains a few leaden scales. Cilia dull reddish-brown.

Hindwing: clay -yellow, cilia jialer ; underside the same.

Underside forewing: very light golden-brown, with a few darker brown scales
on costa near base, and a pinkish-brown shade in middle of wing. In some
specimens the leaden scales are not present.

Eight specimens : all collected by Wni. Beutenmiiller in Florida.

Tortrix cockerellaua sp. nov.

Expanse 21-24 mm.

Head : pale yellowish-fawn, whitish within ; antenna, light fawn, basal joint
darker; thorax light fawn, posterior tuft and outer end of patagia white; abdo-
men yellowish-white, anal tuft light fawn; legs whitish, heavily banded with
dark brown and fawn.

Forewing: light fawn, rather evenly mottled with shining whitish spots in
oblique lines. There are ten of the spots on costa between base and apex, the

TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. FEBRUARY, 1907.

72 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

spots reaching to top of cell ; there are three to four rows of hoiizontal spots be-
neath the costal spots. The spots are separated by the light fawn ground color,
which forms irregular oblique lines. There is a line of black scales from middle
of wing in upper third of cell and passing through the end of it between veins
6 and 7, it stops before termen and the black scales on the outer end are more
scattered ; within the cell, above the black line, are two long and narrow pure
white shining spots, the black line rounding the lower edge of each, outside the
cell is a similar white spot below the black line, with a short spur of black around
the outer edge. There are a few scattered black scales in the fold between inner
fifth and dorsum. Cilia shining, whitish-fawn.

Hind wing: above and below pure white, with a few light fuscous scales below
costa.

Underside forewing: whitish-fawn, with a pink or flesh-color tinge, paler along
costa.

Eight specimens : Glenwood Springs, Colo., Aug. and Sept., re-
ceived from Dr. Dietz, but probably collected by Dr. Barnes; one
specimen, U. S. Nat. Mus., "Colo. 2758"; Lamy, New Mexico,
Sept. 17th, Cockerell, No. 5642.

Types in U. S. Nat. Mus.

The appearance of this insect is somewhat like T. houstonaua

Grote. <^^

Tortrix cliioccana sp. nov.

Expanse 12-14 mm. '^

Head: golden-brown and ferruginous; palpi light brown, outer end of tuft
on outside shaded with ferruginous; antenna light brown beneath, annulated
with ferruginous above ; thorax golden brown and ferruginous, patagia darker ;
abdomen and legs pale ochreish, latter dusted with brown.

Forewing: golden-brown, with the scales frequently tipped with ferruginous
and mottled with light fawn. The most conspicuous markings are on costa in
upper third of wing ; before the middle of costa is a large Indian-red spot, curved
on under side, which reaches one-third below costa, in it are two vertical light
plum color costal spots; close to base is a smaller Indian-red spot, with a plum
color center; between these two is a spot of shining pale fawn, divided by a
faint ferruginous line; a similar pale fawn spot is beyond the larger red spot;
these two light spots continue as fascia to dorsal margin ; beyond this is a wider
but narrower Indian-red spot with two faint costal yellowish dots, beyond this
and into apex the color is pale yellowish-fawn. In the outer end of wing beyond
cell are three or four vertical lines of shining scales, whitish, with a faint lila-
ceous tinge ; in the upper half of this space, between the shining lines, is a deeper
red shade, in which are tiny dots or buttons of raised scales. Cilia shining pink,
pale ochreish at apex.

Hind wing: cream color within, coppery around margins, cilia the same shade,
but shining; underside coppery.

Underside forewing: light coppery-brown.

Four specimens : Palm Beach, Fla., bred by Dr. Dyar from lar-
vae webbing the leaves of Chiococca racemosa ; record Nos. 15,485,
15,615, and 15,619.

W. D. KEARFOTT. . 73

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

This species was determined as Cacoecia georgiana Walk., with
a query, by Prof. Fernald, for Dr. Dyar's paper on "Notes on the
Winter Lepidoptera of Cape Worth, Fla.," Ent. Soc. Wash., Vol.
IV, p. 466, 1901.

Tortrix albiconiaiia Clem., and varieties.
I have a large series of fifty or more specimens of this species, and
find they separate very nicely into four well-defined varieties, with
practically no connecting links. Clemen's type, which is well pre-
served in the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, is of the
pale lemon-yellow and ochreous form, with only a trace of the ferru-
ginous shading. I have already described, in Can. Ent., XXXVII,
p. 9, 1905, as var. semipurpurana, the form in which all of the fore-
wing is very dark purple, except a narrow basal area, a narrow
l)and around termen and apex, and a costal spot of yellow, and now
propose the following names to identify the other two varieties.

"^ dorsipurpiirana var. uov. X — O '^^'1-' ^^^"'^'^^^ P V^^'*^-
Like type, excepting the extreme dorsul edge is stained with dark purple, en- * e/^^^Kvv.
larging at inner and outer fourth and contracted in the middle.

Three specimens: Chicago, 111., June, J. H. Reading; New
Brighton, Pa., June 22d, F. A. Merrick.

curvalaiia var. nov. C\ j-t's' M' '

Like type, except the forewing is overcast with a bright ochreish-red, except
at the base, and narrowly on termen, which are yellow, and a round yellowish
spot in middle of wing at end of cell. A distinguishing feature of this variety is
H wide, sweeping curve from outer third of costa to anal angle, which outlines the
ochreish-red area.

Ten specimens : Montclair and Essex Co., N. J., June 14th to
28th ; one specimen bred from larva on huckleberry^

I think careful breeding may develop~"the tact that we have more
than one species in the above. Besides huckleberry, they have been
bred from rose and oak. I believe there is only one brood. The
larvfe are among the earliest in the spring, feeding on young leaves
in the bud before they have unfolded.

Phalonia baiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12-14 mm.

Head and thorax rich brown, speckled with darker and lighter dots; palpi
creamy-brown, dotted with darker scales; antenna creamy-brown, obscurely
darker between joints; abdomen dark brown ; anal tuft ochreous.

TBANS. AM. ENT. soc. XXXIII. (10) MARCH, 1907.

74 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Forewing: rich chocolate-brown, mottled with dark brown especially on costa
and outer margin, and with two prominent fasciae or patches of irridescent pink
raised scales.

There is a fascia of pink, broadest on costa, enclosing the basal area. It runs
obliquely inward to dorsum. Above the middle it is traversed by two brown
strignlffi ; adjoining it, on the dorsal niaigin, is a rounded spot of shining raised
black scales, mixed with a few whitish scales. Between this fascia and the base
along the dorsum are three small patches of pink scales. There is a long oblique
streak of pink scales from the middle of the dorsal margin to the costa. Just
before the apex and at the middle of the wing it connects with a large circle of
the same scales, which occupies the outer third of wing, and encloses an immense
ocellic spot. Beyond this circle there is only a flattened triangular patch of the
ground color, heavily overlaid with black, running from the costa at apex to
middle of outer margin. Between the inner fascia and the outer line of pink
scales the ground color forms a well-defined brown band, with the patch of black
and white raised scales at its lower end. The costal edge beyond the n)iddle is
tinged with rose pink (not metallic), and between the inner fascia and the apex
is marked with six black dashes. About nine small black dots are ()n the costa
between base and outer edge of inner fascia. A fine line of black outlines the
lower half of the outer margin above the anal angle. There is a small circle of
pink raised scales in the apex enclosing a small spot of leaden-metallic scales.
This circle is half in the wing proper and half in the cilia. The cilia is brown
and ochreous-brown, heavily overlaid with pink and leaden-metallic scales.

Hindwing brown, cilia paler; underside pale brown with dark brown strigulse.

Underside forewing deep smoky-brown, with costa thickly dotted with creamy-
white spots.

Two specimens: Chicago, 111., June, J. H. Reading,

Plialonia zaracaina sp. nov.

Expanse 13 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax, abdomen, and legs creamy-white or whitish-fawn.

Forewing: the basal area is whitish-fawn, rather heavily powdered with brown
on costa and below it towards base. Its outer edge begins at inner fourth of dor-
sum, and curving slightly outwardly ends at middle of costa. Following this is
a broad reddish-brown fascia; its outer edge begins at outer third of dorsum and
ends at outer third of costa, slightly curving inward at upper end. The space
beyond is a light ochreous-brown, dusted with darkerscalesatapex. Cilia whitish.

Hindwing: above and below whitish-fawn ; cilia the same. Undeiside fore-
wing light coppery-brown.

Two specimens: Central N. Y., June 6th, and northern Illinois;
both from Dr. Dietz.

This species may be a variety of P. straminoides Grote, which it
resembles. Beyond the central fascia of straminoides is a shade of
the same color as before the fascia, distinctly outlining it on both
sides. In zaracana the fascia and outer part of wing are all dark
and in strong contrast to the light basal area.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 75

I'haloiiia bit^cana sp. nov.

Expanse 15-23 mm.

Head : light ochreous-brown on top and in front, darker on sides ; palpi, inside
light ochreous-brown, darker outside; antenna, light fuscous; thorax, light
brown, posterior and tips of patagia lighter ; abdomen and legs light ochreous,
latter dusted with brown.

Forewing: Narrow and pointed, light brown, with several obscure lines and
fascige of a darker shade of brown ; in some specimens these are almost obsolete.
In the most plainly marked they occur as follows: from inner fifth of costa
obliquely outward to inner third of wing a third below costa; thence equally
oblique inward to a third above dorsum, where it disappears. A similar line
starts from middle of costa to end of cell, thence inward to dorsum, a little beyond
middle. A narrow terminal line running into apex with an indentation a third
below costa; a V-shaped mark on outer fifth of costa ; cilia concolorous.

Hind wing and underside of both wings shining gray, slightly ochreous along
costa of forewing.

Thirty specimens; Essex County Park, N. J., July 15th to Sept.
12th ; New Brighton, Pa., Aug. 24th, F. A. Merrick ; Dalton,
Glenburn, and Carbondale, Pa., July 29th to Aug. 6th, A E. Lis-
ter ; Orono, Maine, Prof. Fernald ; No. 39,455, H. G. Dyar.

Phaloiiia biscana var. giscaiia var. nov.

Expanse 13-15 mm.

Similar to above, except that the head parts and thorax are a lighter brown,
the forewing a light ochreous-brown. The fascia and lines are a fuscous-brown
and well defined on the pale ground color.

Eight specimens: Essex County Park, July 24th to Sept. 15th ;

one specimen from Prof. Fernald ; no locality label, probably Orono,

Maine.

Phaloiiia bomoiiaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Head : Shining dirty white; palpi dull white, ochreish-brown on outside, api-
cal joint brown; antenna fuscous-brown ; thorax dirty white, stained with yel-
lowish in front and at base of patagia; abdomen white with a faint pink tinge;
tuft bleached straw; legs whitish, dusted and banded with blackish-fuscous.

Forewing: dirty white, with an inner and outer fascite, each consisting of sev-
eral ochreish-red and reddish-brown spots, separated from each other and out-
lined by shining white lines. The inner fascia is composed of a round spot on
inner fourth of costa, a flattened oval spot in middle of wing, and a shade on
dorsal margin. The outer fascia begins as a dark brown streak on outer third of
costa, which enlarges into a large oblique oval spot of Indian red, with a horizon-
tal streak of pale ochre through the middle of it. At end of cell, over base of
veins 3, 4, and 5, is a smaller spot, and on dorsal margin a triangular spot with
its outer angle in anal angle. There is a broad terminal baud of dirty yellow and
brown ; before it, between veins 4 and 6, a similar broader band ; between 6 and
7, a long horizontal streak, and a similar shade between 2 and 4; a shade of
coppery-red below costa at base. The costa is blackish-brown on the inner fourth.

TBANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. MARCH, 1907.

76 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Between the fasciae are two dots, and between outer fascia and apex four to six
ujoi'e of the same color. There is a small rounded spot of reddish-brown below
costa at outer fifth. Cilia whitish.

Hindvving: dark purplish-gray ; cilia white, underside paler; underside fore-
wing dark purplish-gray ; the outer half of costa dull ochreous, with a dark spot
at end of each vein.

Three specimens : Chicago, 111., June, J. H. Reading ; Hastings,
Fla., March 19th, AY. G. Dietz, collected by A. J. Brown.

Phalonia ziscana sp. nov.

Expanse 19 mm.

Head : light fawn, shaded with darker above eyes, cream-white, dark fawn on
outside; antenna pale fawn; thorax pale fawn, streaked with darker fawn ; ab-
domen and legs grayish-fawn, latter banded and powdered with dark fuscous.

Forewing: light fawn, marked with reddish-fawn and silvery-white lines.
There is a streak of reddish-fawn from base to inner fourth between top of cell
and costa, its outer edge oblique, and with a darker oblique shade in the middle ;
below this is a large dark fawn spot, narrow at base, broadening outward, reach-
ing iuner thiid in middle of wing ; its outer edge oblique, surrounded by shining
white line. In middle of costa a narrow oblique band goes to top of cell ; it is
darkest on costa. Below is a small, flattened ovate Indian-red spot, circled by
shining white at end of cell ; below is a paler spot of the same size, below which
is a large sjjot on dorsum, its upper half Indian-red and lower half pale fawn.
Both of these spots are enclosed by shining white lines. A line of shining white
runs from apex to anal angle; between it and termen is a line of olivaceous-fawn.
From the outer fifth of costa a shining white line runs into apex, enclosing a
light brown costal spot, and separated from the vertical white line by a small dot
of fawn. The light fawn interspaces are more or less streaked with a light oli-
vaceous shade. Cilia light fawn, the lower half preceded by a shining white line
which cuts into the cilia.

Hiudwing: shining fuscous, cilia paler ; underside the same. Underside fore-
wing dark fuscous, lighter along costa, with dark dots at end of each vein.

Two specimens: Hastings, Fla., Feb. 26th, A. J. Brown.

This species, bomonana and obliquana, are all of" the same general
design. The arrangement of spots and the colors are sufficiently
different to distinguish them.

I'halouia carmelaua sp. nov.

Expanse 11-12.5 mm.

Head, palpi, and thorax hoary gray; antennae yellowish-gray; abdomen light
fuscous; anal tuft and legs bleached straw, latter banded and dusted with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: whitish-gray, finely speckled with black. Some of these black dots
are irregularly arranged in lines, one from outer three-fifths of costa to anal angle
and one from outer fourth of costa to lower third of termen ; betw'een latter and
apex a shorter line from costa. This linear arrangement is not at all constant.
There is a shade of pale brown from dorsum at middle to middle of wing. A
similar streak crosses veins at end of cell, running into cilia above anal angle.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 77

and a smaller patch before apex ; below costa, from base to inner third, is a streak
of pale ochreous. Cilia whitish-gray, speckled with black : the black dots are
concentrated at the ends of the veins.

Hind wing: light pinkish-gray; cilia paler, with a darker basal line, underside
the same. Underside forewing smoky fuscous, with a narrow edging of pale yel-
low on costa; cilia leaden-metallic.

Twenty-three specimens: Carmel by the Sea, Monterey Co., Cal.,
April, and San Luis Obispo, Cal., March, by Arthur H. Vachell.

'Phaloiiia carmelana var. obispoaiia var. nov.
I have a number of sjjecimens similar to the above, excepting that
the brown dorsal and other brown shades are entirely wanting, and
in some specimens the black dots are nearly obsolete. I am inclined
to think this is a good species, which the discovery of the food plant
and breeding will determine.

Fourteen specimens : San Luis Obispo, Cal., March, collected by
A. H. Vachell.

Plial<»iiii« wi!«cana sp. nov.

Expanse 17.5 mm.

Head : hoary white, collar faintly tinged with yellow; palpi grayish-white in-
side, ochreous-biown outside; antenna yellowish-gray; thorax grayish-white,
speckled with fuscous; abdomen grayish-fuscous; legs yellowish-white, dusted
and banded with blackish-brown.

Forewing: creamy-white, more or less mottled with light wood brown. The
basal area is almost uniformly cream-while ; its outer edge extends from inner
fourth of dorsum to middle of costa. It is very faintly strigulated with pale fus-
cous, with a darker shade of same color in inner fourth of costa. This is succeeded
by a narrow light brown fascia with irregular edges, broadest on dorsum, and
ending beyond middle of costa with a darker spot. Beyond this is an irregular
creamy-white and mottled fascia, extending on costa to outer fourth and below
middle of wing, dividing and sending one fork to middle of dorsum and one to
anal angle. The forks enclose a triangular mottled gray-brown dorsal patch.
From the costa a narrow curved cream-white band leaves the fascia, reaching
termen below middle and follows it to anal angle, where it joins the outer fork
of the fascia. It encloses a large oval patch, gray-brown, containing a few black
scales in upper end. Beyond the upper half of this curved band, and outlining
the apex, is a curved narrow band of brown and black from outer fifth of costa
to middle of termen. This is the most conspicuous mark on the wing. Beyond
it is a narrow band of cream-white, mottled with pink, outside of which are short
brown lines in apex. Cilia whitish towards base and yellowish outwardly, divided
by a light fuscous line and marked with fuscous spots at end of each vein.

Hind wing and underside forewing smoky fuscous; underside hindwing yel-
lowish-gray, mottled with light fuscous-brown on upper half and before termen.

One specimen : Milwaukee Co., Wis., F. R. collector, from Dr.

Dietz's collection.

TEANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. MABCH, 1907.

78 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Plialoiiia bHHiochreaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 18 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax, and basal area of forewing light ochreous; antenna and
abdomen yellowish-fnscous ; legs whitish, dusted with blackish-brown.

Forewing: the ochreous basal area extends to inner third on costa and inner
fourth on dorsal margin. It is shaded with fuscous at base of costa. There is a
large triangular patch of grayish-purple in middle of wing, widest on dorsum,
where it extends from yellow basal area to anal angle; It does not reach costa,
but ends at top of cell, where the apex of the triangle is flattened. On the middle
of costa is a small square spot of grayish-purple, separated from the large lower
patch by a yellow line. Below this are two superimposed spots of black sur-
rounded by yellowish-brown. These spots are in the lai-ge purple area. Beyond
the end of cell is a lunate spot of dull ochreous enclosing a black spot in its upper
end. A narrow band of the same color curves outwardly from outer fifth of costa
to lower third of termen, thence into anal angle, where it joins the lower end of
the lunate spot ; this band encloses black spots at costa and above middle. There
is a short dash of dull ochreous from costa before apex and an irregular marginal
line of the same color from apex to middle of termen. The interspaces between
these ochreous bands and spots are grayish-purple, tending to become white below
costa; the bands and spots are irregularly outlined with shining white scales.
Cilia white with an ochreous tinge, and interrupted by three ochreous spots on
upper half, one of which is in apex.

Hindwing: liliaceous-gi'ay ; cilia paler; underside whitish, heavily mottled
with light fuscous on upper half and before termen. Underside forewing smoky
purple; cilia light ochreous, divided by a darker line.

One specimen : Los Angeles, Cal., June, collected by Bevery

Letcher.

^~^ Phalouia cincinnatana sp. nov.

Expanse 14-16 mm.

Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-gray; antenna yellowish-gray; abdomen
grayish-fuscous; legs whitish, banded and dusted with blackish-brown.

Forewing: inner three-quarters whitish-gray, lightly strigulated with light
fuscous. A streak of light ochreous-brown from base to inner fourth below costa,
and a well defined fascia of the same color from middle of dorsum obliquely out-
ward to upper vein of cell, with a fuscous spot above it on costa. The outer fourth
of wing is ochreous-brown, with a darker brown fascia through it from outer
fifth of costa to lower third of termen. The narrow terminal line is black. Cilia
ochreous-brown, mottled with black.

Hindwing: smoky gray, cilia paler; underside whitish-gray, reticulated out-
wardly with fuscous. Underside forewing dark ochreous-brown. mottled with
ochreous along costa and termen.

Four specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, April 23d to 30th, Miss An-
nette F. Braun.

Fhalonia discana sp. nov.

Expanse 12-13.5 mm.

Head: light brown on top; face gray-brown ; palpi whitish-gray inside, gray-
brown outside; outer end of tuft and apical joint black; thorax gray-brown,
with four longitudinal black lines; abdomen yellowish-gray; legs whitish, dusted
and banded with blackish-brown.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 79

Forewing: gray-brown, sparsely speckled with whitish-gray scales; the ex-
treme costal edge is marked with a number of small geminate pinkish-ochreous
spots, separated and divided by short black lines. There is a wood brown fascia
in middle of wing, caused by absence of the whitish specks. It is narrow on
costa, enlarging below and covering outer end of cell, cut by a line of ground
color on fold, leaving a rounded spot below between fold and dorsum. There is
a similar patch beyond end of cell, involving anal angle and lower third of ter-
men. A line of black scales outlines it on outer and upper edges, and a similar
line cut through it on outer side, paralleling the outer edge. There is a flattened
tuft of raised scales in middle of wing at end of cell and another near base of
vein eight; also one at anal angle. These tufts, with the outside black lines,
form a nearly complete circle, and, as the black lines are finely edged with
whitish and a few whitish scales occur in the tufts, the circle, under a low-power
glass, appears white. Beyond the black line the apical margin is brown, with a
sinuate white edged black line from costa crossing it. Cilia pinkish-gray, with a
gray and black spot at end of each vein.

Hindwing: light gray, brownish at apex; ciiia grayish-white, preceded by a
broad, darker and a thin, paler line; underside the same. Underside forewing
smoky brown, dull ochreous, dotted with brown on costa.

Eight specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 17th to 31st, Miss
Braun ; Plummer's Island, Md., Aug., A. Biisck.
Cotvpes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Commophila huaclincana sp. nov.

Expanse 22-27 mm.

Head and palpi pure white; a few brownish scales on outer end of palpi, out-
side; thorax white, with a yellowish tinge; patagia pure white; antenna and
abdomen light brownish-white ; anal tuft ochreous-brown ; legs yellowish-white,
dusted with ochreous-brown.

Forewing: basal area pure white, shaded below costa with light fuscous-brown
and a few bluish scales. This area extends to inner third on dorsum and nearly
to middle on costa. It is toothed outwardly below costa and above dorsum.
Beyond it is a broad central fascia of light brown, on which is a horizontal dash
of black in middle of wing and a black spot below it. The outer edge is very
irregular; a rounded spur leaves it at upper and lower edges of cell and one at
dorsum. The outer portion of wing is of the same color as middle fascia, except
a large patch of white on upper lialf, from fascia to outer sixth, which sends a
whitish shade to anal angle. The latter is more or less overlaid with light brown,
and its outer edge is indented in middle of wing. Before the apex the brown
area is rather heavily overlaid with dark brown and black, forming a large cres-
cent-shaped black spot with a leaden band through the middle. The dorsal
margin below the fascia and white shade is dotted with black. The ternien is
mottled with brown and cream-white, arranged in irregular lines. Cilia whitish,
mottled with fuscous.

Hindwing: grayish-brown, reticulated with a darker shade; underside gray-
ish-white, heavily reticulated with grayish-brown. Underside forewing smoky
brown ; outer half of costa spotted and upper half of termen streaked with dull
ochreous.

TEAN8. AM. BNT. SOC. XXXIII. MABCH, 1907.

80 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Tliree specimens : Cochise Co., Ariz., Aug. 1st, from Geo, Franck ;
Las Vegas, N. Mex., U. S. Nat. Mus. ; Huachuca Mountains,
Ariz., Aug. 8th to 19th; collector, Dr. W. Barnes.; received from
U. S. Nat. Mus.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Pbalonia vachelliana sp. nov.

Expanse 13-17.5 mm.

Head: ochreous above and in front, dark brown on side; palpi ochreous,
blackish-brown outside; antenna gray; thorax black; abdomen gray; legs yel-
lowish-white, powdered and banded with blackish-brown.

Forewing: inner two-thirds grayish-black, outer third cream color. A shade
of light brown and cream, mixed with black scales, crosses the dark area from
inner fourth of dorsum to costa ; it spreads outwardly below costa to inner third.
There is a rectangular black costal spot in middle of light area; in middle of
wing below it is a smaller blackish spot, and a third one on dorsum before anal
angle. Inside of the latter is a brown spot, outlined with cream-white. The
light area is shaded with waves of a slightly darker color arid with a shining
cream-white line. At the apex is a small blackish shade and a faint spot on costa
before apex. Cilia cream -white.

Hindwing: gray; undersidedarker gray, with indistinct darker dots. Under-
side forewing smoky black; cilia ochreous, preceded by a broad, blackish line
and a narrow ochreous line.

Eight specimens : Cisco, Placer Co., Cal., April and June ; col-
lected by Arthur H. Vachell.

Phalonia listeraiia sp. nov.

Expanse 11-12 mm.

Head and thorax coppery-brown; face, base of antenna, and palpi pale ochre-
ous; abdomen fuscous; legs whitish, dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: base, middle fascia, and fascia before termen coppery-brown,
streaked across top of cell with ochreous, and usually outlined with ochreous.
The interspaces, consisting of a fascia at inner fourth and one from beyond mid-
dle of costa to anal angle, purple madder. The basal area is from inner fifth of
costa to inner fifth of dorsal margin, outwardly convex. It is somewhat overlaid
with purple madder towards base. The middle fascia is from middle of costa
constricted a third below, then broadens to double its costal width at dorsum,
where it extends from a little beyond middle to anal angle. The outer brown
fascia occupies all of the outer fourth on costa. Its outer edge is straight to lower
third of termen ; its inner edge, a third below costa, curves outward, then down-
ward to termen above apex. Between this and termen is a narrow band of purple
madder, which latter color overflows in the cilia.

Hindwing: smoky black; cilia grayish-white, underside dark gray. Under-
side forewing dark smoky brown ; outer ends of cilia dull ochreous.

Four specimens : Nicholson, Pa., July 4th and 6th, A. E. Lister.

Oletlireiites islandaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 14-15 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, and thorax light ochreous-brown ; thorax darker brown
in front; abdomen yellowish-gray; anal tuft pale ochreous ; legs yellowish-white ;
front tarsi banded with blackish-brown.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 81

Forewing: inner half mottled dull ochreous, ochreous-brown, and black in
vertical strigulation. The outer edge of this area is a line of black scales from
middle of dorsum to outer three-fifths of costa. The outer part of wing is of the
same vertical strigulated appearance, but the color is cream-white, the strigula-
tions inwardly are pinkish-yellow, and in outer third shining cream color. At
the end of cell there is a small circle of black scales, and a black dot at end of
each vein from outer fourth of costa around ternien to anal angle. There is a
subapical line of black, one dot on each vein. The inner fourth of dorsal margin
is rather heavily powdered with black, this streak running to middle of base.
Each of the black strigulations begins with a black dot or dash on costa.

Hind wing: brownish-gray, underside paler and reticulated with darker brown.
Underside forewing ochreous-brown.

Two specimens: Plumnier's Island, Md., May; A. Busck, col-
lector.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Phalonia formonana sp. nov.

Expanse 13-15 mm.

Head: cream-white, brownish on sides; palpi cream-white, ochreous-brown
outside; apical joint black ; antenna brownish-gray ; thorax cream-white ; pata-
gia and posterior end of tuft ochreous-brown ; abdomen mottled gray and fus-
cous, tuft dull ochreous; legs cream-white, heavily dusted and banded with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: cream-white, with dark central fascia and ochreous-brown outer
third. The middle fascia is ochreous-brown, dotted with black on edges of lower
two-thirds, and narrowly black on extreme costal edge; its inner edge is from
inner third of dorsum to middle of costa. The lower end is broader than the
upper. The cream color bordering it on each side is edged with shining scales.
The inner fourth of costa is ochreous-brown, dotted with black, with two black
dashes between this and fascia. A shade of light ochreous-brown spreads from
inner fourth of costa to middle of wing, with a lighter shade overspreading the
cream-white except narrowly on dorsum and outer edge of the white area. Be-
tween the middle dark fascia and dark outer third is a narrow cream-white fascia,
broad on costa, contracted at middle of wing, and broadening again to dorsum,
where it is marked with three blackish dots. The outer third contains a large
patch of dull ochreous from end of cell, touching costa as a dot at its outer edge
and curve of termen at anal angle as two dots. There are two blackish dots, one
on costa before apex and one in apex, that send a darker fascia-like streak to
middle of wing; the inner edge is outlined with shining white, and the outer
edge continues as a shining white streak nearly to anal angle. The upper part
of this dark streak is overlaid with leaden-black scales, and a horizontal line of
black crosses middle of the whole area from end of cell. Cilia dull ochreous-white
by reflected light.

Hind wing: light purplish-gray; cilia whitish, divided near base by darker
line. Underside the same but paler. Underside forewing smoky black ; costal
spots repeated as light ochreous.

Eleven specimens : San Luis Obispo, Cal,, March and July, A,
H. Vachell.

TE.^NS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. (11) MARCH, 1907.

82 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

l*lialonia niaiaiia sp. uov.

Expanse 7.5-9 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax, lejis, and abdomen cream-white, — last gray above
on outer segments before the anal segment.

Forewiug: cream-white, shaded with blackish-brown on inner two-thirds of
costa, and four or five dots of same color on dorsum. From middle of dorsum a
narrow, outwardly oblique fascia, with parallel edges, goes to middle of wing.
From the middle of costa a similar semifascia goes to middle of wing. The inner
edge of the costal and the outer edge of the dorsal fasciae run together. From
costa before apex a narrow fascia goes to termen just above tornus, diminishing
in width below. Beyond it in apex is a shade of ochreous-brown containing a
darker costal spot, and a dark spot in the apex is the beginning of a dark ter-
minal line. There is an ochreous streak through middle of wing fiom middle to
outer fascia. The central and other fasciae are brown dotted with black, espe-
cially along their margins. Beyond and parallel withthe dorsal fascia are sev-
eral blackish dorsal streaks. Cilia mottled, gray, brown, and black.

Hindwing: light brownish-gray, cilia lighter; underside light yellowish-gray,
reticulated with light brown towards apex. Underside forewing light brown ;
between veins, in outer half of costa, cream color; the outer fascia repeated
strongly, and the middle fascia lightly in black.

Sixteen specimens: Essex Co., N. J., Great Notch, May 4th to

17th.

Plialoiiia snblepidana sp. nov.

Expanse 8.5-11 mm.

Head : bright yellow, darker on top ; palpi yellow, dusted with darker out-
side; antenna yellowish-gray; thorax brown, posterior edge and patagia bright
yellow ; abdomen above fuscous and tuft light ochreous; legs light gray, dusted
with brown in front.

Forewing: basal third and terminal fourth bright yellow with horizontal
streaks of ochreous. Between these yellow patches is a blackish-brown patch in
the form of a large H, the two upper bars touching the costa and there edged
with cream-white, the two lower bars touching dorsum. Between these, both
above and below the horizontal bar, are patches of ochreous-yellow. The dark
color of the figure H is outlined with shining steely-gray scales. There is a sub-
apical line of shining cream-yellow. The inner half of costa is narrowly shaded
with brown. Cilia ochreous.

Hindwing: purplish-black, cilia paler, with a broad darker line near base;
underside grayish-purple. Underside forewing ochreous-brown internally, ochre-
ous around margins.

Five specimens: Essex County Park, July 4th to 7th ; Caldwell,
N. J., July 1st to 8th.

This species is close to lepidana Clem., and I have had it so
labelled with a query for some years, but a recent comparison with
Clemen's type in the American Entomological Society's collections
proves it to be distinct. I also positively identified as lepidana a
long series of specimens caught several years ago resting on, and

W. 1). KEARFOTT. 83

flying up from when disturbed, common horse-mint (probably Men-
tha longifolia) in Jefferson Co., W. Va., at the end of July. Nu-
merous small Tortricid larvae were later found in the seeds and dried
flower sheaths, but I did not succeed in rearing them.

Phalonia aurorana sp. nov.

Expanse 11-13 mm.

Head : speckled gray and brown ; palpi cream-white inside, shaded with
blackish-brown below and outside; antenna light brownish-fuscous; thorax light
pinkish-white, with a dark pink median streak; patagia grayish-brown; abdo-
men light gray, anal tuft pale ochreous; legs cream color, shaded with brown in
front.

Forewing: shining pink, with obscure ochreous-brown fascia and spots as fol-
lows: an outwardly oblique fascia from middle of dorsum to costa beyond mid-
dle ; a narrow fascia from costa before apex to middle of te*'men ; a rounded spot
in lower half of wing above tornus. The lower half of the middle fascia is sprin-
kled with black scales on both sides. There is a small patch of black scales in
middle of subapical fascia, and also on the inner and upper edges of the round
spot above tornus. There are a few black scales in the shining pink ground
color between the middle fascia and round spot, and above the round spot the
inner half of costa is very narrowly edged with black. Cilia ochreous, preceded
by a black terminal line, and spotted with five evenly spaced patches of black
scales between apex and tornus. The black scales are longer than the ochreous
scales of the cilia, and each of the five patches sends a little prominence beyond
the outer ciliate line.

Hind wing: very light yellowish-gray, cilia paler; underside the same, with a
row of brown dots between veins 5 and 6. Underside forewing smoky brown ;
outer half of costa dotted with pale pink; ciliate spots repeated.

Eight specimens : Essex County Park, N. J., light trap, Aug.
22d to Sept. 7th ; Kennebunkport, Maine, from Dr. Holland's col-
lections, Carnegie Museum, collected by G. H. Clapp, August.

-- Phalonia Toxcana sp. nov.

Expanse 12.5-13.5 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, and thorax very pale whitish-ochreous ; abdomen gray ;
legs whitish, dusted in front with brown.

Forewing: basal area grayish-white, with a faint pinkish tinge, lightly dotted
on costa with brown. Central fascia broadest on doisum, roughly triangular,
reddish-brown, shaded with black on edges of lower half, and a horizontal streak
across middle. Beyond this is a large round spot, — the outer edges shining pink,
the interior light pinkish-br.own, with a horizontal black streak through the
middle and an obscuj'e shade of blackish on its outer half. Above this the costa
is shining pink, marked with three blackish-browu dots. The terminal edge
and cilia are shining pink, shaded with blackish at apex.

Hindwing: gray, cilia very slightly paler ; underside gray, mottled on upper
half with brown. Underside forewing smoky^ black ; costal and terminal edges
dull ochreous.

TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC. XXXIII. MARCH, 1907.

84 AMKKICAN LEPIDOVTERA.

Four specimens: Hampton, N. H., Aug. 24th, S. A, Shaw;

Ottawa, Can., Aug. 16th, C. H. Young; Kennebunkport, Maine,

July and August, collected by G. H. Clapp, from the Carnegie

Museum.

I'liHlonia Tii^cana sp. nov.

Expanse 12 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax, and abdomen light gray, mottled with darker
gray; palpi ochreous-brown outside; legs cream-white, shaded with dark brown
in front.

Forewing: the basal area is whitish, rather heavily overlaid on and below
costa, on dorsal and outer margin and at base with blackish-fuscous. The oblique
middle fascia is ochreous-brown, with a whitish dot above and another below
middle, both on the outer edge. The outer third of wing is pink, with a brown-
ish-pink fascia through it from costa before apex to middle of termen. This
fascia is edged on both sides with shining pink, and the same color edges the
inner side of the pink area. Outer third of costa closely spotted with grayish-
black. Terminal edge and cilia a uniform shade of ocbreous. This shade ex-
tends completely around tornus to outer fifth of dorsum.

Hindwing; light gray ; underside paler, with a row of blackish dots between
veins 5 and 6. Underside forewing smoky black, cilia ocbreous.

One specimen : Essex County Park, N. J., May 20th.

Phaloiiia foxcana sp. nov.

Expanse 11-12 mm.

Head: speckled, whitish and dark gray; palpi whitish inside, grayish-brown
outside; antenna gray; thorax speckled brown and gray ; posterior end of pata-
gia whitish-gray ; abdomen dark gray ; legs whitish, dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: almost uniformly dark gray, with a cinereous tinge. There is an
obscure outwardly oblique grayish-brown middle fascia and a round spot of the
same color between end of cell and termen. The costa before the middle fascia
is paler, dotted with blackish-brown ; beyond the fascia it is creamy-gray, marked
with four blackish dots, and another in the apex, which is followed by five others
evenly spaced on the terminal cilia. The dorsal margin is finely dotted with
black. The outer round spot is obscurely edged with shining scales. Cilia, be-
tween the black spots, speckled light and dark gray.

Hindwing: gray, cilia gray, with a fine whitish basal line; underside gray,
mottled with fuscous on upper half. Underside forewing smoky black; costa,
between veins on outer half, dotted with cream-wbite.

Three specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 18th, Miss Braun ;
Plummer's Island, Md., August, A. Busck.
Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Phaloiiia elderana sp. nov.

Expanse 12 mm.

Head, antenna, and thorax light ochreous-brown ; palpi cream-white inside,
ochreous-brown outside; abdomen ochreous-gray ; anal tuft pale ochrepus; legs
whitish, shaded and banded with blackish-brown.

Forewing: light shining ochreous-brown, with fascia and spots of the same

W. D. KEARFOTT. 85

shade, but not shining. The basal area is vertically strigulated with the dull
color. Its outer edge extends beyond third on both dorsal and costal margins.
It is succeeded by a dull fascia, twice angulated on both inner and outer edges,
and crossed near dorsum by a line of shining scales; above this line on fold is a
small cluster of black scales. There is an obscure dull fascia before apex, from
costa to middle pf termen ; this connects with a dull shade above tornus, which
sends a streak up to end of cell. Cilia light ochreons-brown, cut at end of each
vein with darker brown. The dark color expands on the outer ends of the cilia.
Hind wing: light fuscous gray, cilia paler; underside whitish-gray, with verti-
cal brown strigulations on outer half. Underside forewing light brown, paler
around margins; costa and cilia dotted with darker brown.

One specimen : Bred from larva spinning together the young
terminal] leaves of swamp elder, June 15th, issued July 6th, Angle-
sea, N. J.

Phalonia noulavaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 12.5-13 mm.

Head: whitish, gray on sides; palpi white within, grayish-brown outside;
antenna light gray; thorax dark gray in middle, patagiaand posterior end tipped
with whitish ; abdomen grayish-fuscous, with a blHckish band on third and sixth
segment above; legs whitish, dusted with light brown.

Forewing: basal area outwardly oblique from dorsal third to costa between
third and middle: shining whitish, costa marked with black, two long streaks
near base and several small ones between these and middle fascia; a row of
black dots a third below costa, and a small black dot on dorsum close to base.
The middle fascia has nearly parallel edges; it is brown, somewhat broken with
whitish ground color below middle, and ending in a blackish costal spot, edged
with black lines and angling outwardly. Beyond this is a shining whitish fascia
of about the same width, but not sharply defined on either edge. It is somewhat
mottled with ochreous-brown and gray and contains two black dots on costa. The
outer edge is mottled with black, brown, and gray. A conspicuous fascia starts
from costa before apex, reaches termen at middle, continues to tornus, and turns
up to middle of wing at end of cell. It is brown on upper third, with three black
costal dashes, black in the middle of wing, brown below and on the inner spur,
whitish and gray at tornus. There is a brown streak before apex, and the black
terminal line is inwardly edged with ochreous. Cilia light ochreous, with an
apical and five tei'niinal blackish dashes on the outer ends only.

Hindwing: light gray, underside whitish-gray, spotted with fuscous between
veins 5 ond 6; these spots are very faintly repeated above. Underside forewing
smoky brown, with five cream-ochreous costal spots and the ciliate spots repeated.

Two specimens : New Brighton, Pa., June 20th, F. A. Merrick ;
Pittsburg, Pa., June 17th, Henry Engel.

Phalonia toxcaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 10-12 mm.

Head : white, posterior edge and over eyes shaded with gray-brown ; palpi
white within, brown speckled with black outside ; antenna gray ; thorax mottled
white and gray, with a transverse, obscure black line before middle; abdomen

TSANS. AM. KNT. 80C. XXXIII. MAKCH, 1907.

86 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

shining gray-fuscous, anal tuft dull ochreous; legs whitish, banded and powdered
with bronzy-black.

Forewing : pale pinkish-cream, the ground color of the outer third pale whitish-
pink. The basal area extends beyond third on both margins. The costa is
marked with two small black dots close to base; a large rectangular blackish
spot in middle and two or three small dots between the latter and middle fascia.
There are two small blackish dots on fold close to base and a larger dot on dor-
sum near base. The outer edge below fold is speckled with black. The middle
fascia begins as a large square blackish spot on costa, obliquely outward ; below
it, inwardly, an olivaceous fascia continues to dorsum. Its edges are dentate,
on the fold and on the outer edge at dorsum are black dots. The blackish
middle (;ostal spot sends an obscure streak of black into dorsum before tornus;
on the middle of the wing it is Interrupted by a patch of shining white, and a
similar larger pinkish patch covers the dorsum between the two fascial ends.
A conspicuous fascia leaves costa before apex, curving into termeu at upper
third, diminishing below; is black on costa and before apex, with a small oliva-
ceous patch between and below. It encloses a large spot of shining white, mot-
tled with gray and olivaceous. Above it is a patch of pink with two dark costal
dashes. There is a small brown shade in apex, with two dark costal spots before
apex on a pink ground. Terminal line black, cilia ochreous, outwardly dotted
with black.

Hind wing: whitish-gray, darker around margin; cilia paler; underside the
same, shaded and dotted with dark brown below costa. Underside forewing
smoky brown, with costal and ciliate spots repeated.

Twenty specimens : Essex County Park, N. J., Aug. 16th to
Sept. 11th, light trap.

Plialonia zoxeana sp. nov.

Expanse 8-11 mm.

Head: dark gray ; palpi whitish within, dark brownish-gray outside ; antenna
gray; thorax gray-black, tips of patagia and posterior tuft whitish; abdomen
above fuscous, tuft ochreous; legs whitish, banded with blackish.

Forewing: basal area shining, pinkish-white, costal, dorsal and basal margins
shaded with olivaceous, and costa dotted with blackish line, a black dot on dor-
sum near base and a larger vertical streak at lower half of outer edge. The mid-
dle fascia is olivaceous-brown, edges irregular, edged with black on costa and a
black dash on fold, outwardly, in middle is a short vertical black line. The sub-
apical fascia combines with a black patch before it, in a large rounded black spot,
divided by a line of shining gray scales. Below is a patch of olivaceous-brown,
and between these dark shades and the middle fascia is an irregular fascia of
shining pink, dotted with black on costa and enclosing an olivaceous patch on
dorsum, the latter containing three black dorsal dots. Before the black terminal
line is a narrow olivaceous brown line, and before this a line of shining pink and
gray scales. Cilia divided into four ochreous and five blackish spots of about
equal size.

Hindwing: dark gray, cilia paler, with a broad, darker line near base; under-
side the same, dotted with fuscous between 5 and 6.

Underside forewing: smoky black, with costal and ciliate spots repeated.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 87

Eight specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, May 21st to June 2d, and
Aug. 17th to 24th ; Miss Annette F, Brown.

This species is close to toxemia K., but can be separated by the
extensive black spot in apex.

Carpusiiia conioiiaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 16-18 mm.

Head and thorax gray, mixed with brown and black; pale gray within; out-
side shaded with blackish-gray; antenna yellowish-gray; abdomen yellowish-
fuscous, anal tuft pale ochreous; legs grayish-white, front pair heavily pow-
dered with bronzy-brown.

Forewing: narrowly at base and the outer third brownish-gray ; between these
dark spaces is a wide white fascia, equal iu width to half the length of wing ; across
the outer third of the white area is a curved, light fuscous fascia of spots as fol-
lows: ou the costa at middle :i bronzy-black spot, on top of cell a dark fuscous
spot, in upper half of cell a streak and in lower half a larger spot; on dorsum at
inner third is a shade of fuscous. A narrow curved line of fuscous parallels the
upper half of outer edge of white area. The costal edge in white area is fuscous
gray. The dark basal area is widest at costa, curving convesly to dorsum, its
widest part is not more than one-seventh the length of wing. The outer edge of
white fascia is convex outwardly, starting from costa between middle and outer
third, curving to end of cell, thence inwardly to dorsal margin between middle
and outer third. The dark area of outer third is marked with an ochreous dash
on costa, apex and termen at end of each vein ; these dashes are shaded inwardly
with black ; in the middle of the dark area is a wide streak of black dots, par-
alleling the edge. At the proper angle the veins in this area are seen to be over-
laid with bronzy-brown. Cilia fuscous-gray, sparsely dotted with whitish, and
with an ochreous streak from each vein.

Hindwing: light purplish-gray, paler at dorsal edge and base, cilia with a
bronzy tinge; underside the same.

Underside forewing: blackish-gray, ochreous spots repeated on outer half of
costa, cilia ochreous at base.

Two specimens: San Francisco, Cal. ; one from U. S. Nat Mus.,
no locality, but bearing labels " No. 2617 Apl. 22-82 " and "W.
knows nothing about it, 1 left. C. V. R. 86."

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

— EucoMina boxcana sp. nov.

Expanse 12-18 mm.

Head: ochreous-brown, face darker; palpi pale ochreous, brownish-ochreous
outside, apical joint dark brown ; antenna fuscous; thorax gray-brown, minutely
speckled with ochreous; abdomen and legs grayish-ochreous, latter dusted and
banded with brown.

Forewing: gray-brown ; upper half finely atomized with whitish-gray, except
ing the costal streaks, which are clear brown. There is a large white dorsal spoj
extending on dorsum from inner to outer third ; its inner edge is sharply out-
wardly oblique, the outer edge is very slighty oblique ; the solid white color ex"

TBANS. AM, ENT. SOC. XXXIII. MAECH, 1907.

88 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

tends to fold, but above fold the spot gradually shades into the ground color, dis-
appearing above middle ; there are three or four parallel brown lines in this spot,
usually extending to fold, but in some specimens one or more are merely dorsal
dots. Before and behind this white spot the ground color is darker brown. The
costa between middle and apex is marked with five long, clear, brown lines of
about equal length ; in the most intensely-marked specimens there is a grayish-
brown dot between some of the lines. There is a subapical brown line to upper
third of termen, with one or two brown dots below it in middle of termen. The
ocellic spot is large, shining gray, with a horizontal brown dash above and au
inwardly curved brown dash below, the latter in weakly marked specimens con-
sists of an inner and outer dot; the outer and upper sides of the ocellus are de-
fined by a curved brown line, which very faintly connects with the middle one
of the group of costal lines. Cilia gray, basally speckled with pale ochreous, and
at tornus outwardly tipped with white.

Hind wing: light grayish-brown, darker at apex, cilia grayish-white; under-
side paler.

Underside forewing : light smoky brown, slightly paler along costa and grayish
white below fold.

Ten specimens : Caldwell, N. J., May 17th ; Plummer's Island,
Md., May 11th, A. Busck ; Philadelphia, Pa., June 4th, F. Haim-
bach ; Cincinnati, Ohio, May 18-21, Miss Brown ; Kerrville, Texas,
Dr. Barnes ; Iowa, C. P. Gillette.

Cotype in U. S. Nat. Mus.

"*• — Eucosma womoiiiiiia sp. nov.

Expanse 15-16 mm.

Head and palpi ochreous-gray, latter shaded with fuscous outside, apical joint
black; antenna fuscous-gray; thorax gray, patagia brown at base, ochreous-gray
outwardly; abdomen cinereous; legs light ochreous, dusted and banded with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: blackish-brown, strigulated with whitish-gray on the inner half of
the basal area, with an indistinct dorsal spot, and with costal streaks of the same
shade. The outer half of basal area is the blackish part of wing, on dorsal mar-
gin it extends beyond inner third ; the outer edge is indented, inwardly half-way
between dorsum and fold, above the fold it is obliquely inward to inner fourth of
costa. The dorsal spot in width is less than one-sixth length of wing, it ex-
tends to fold, and its inner edge sends an oblique line to inner costal spot. From
the outer fourth of costa to apex are five pairs of costal spots, the three inner
pairs are subdivided; the second pair send long oblique lines into the inner
ocellic bar; the third pair sends lines beneath the fourth pair and curve down-
ward to a leaden spot on margin, above middle; the fifth, or subapical pair, point
toward the same spot. On the costa these marks are yellowish-white, becoming
grayish-white below, with a few grayish-metallic scales. The ocellic spot is well
within the termen, it contains three horizontal black lines, and a black dot be-
low, a broad inner bar, an outer spot above and a dot below of leaden-metallic,
edged with whitish. The subterminal line is broad, blackish-brown, finely dotted
with yellowish-white, with a white dash below apex, which curves inward and
with the outer half of the subapical costal spot, encloses a small round spot of
ground color. Cilia shining gray, tipped with yellowish.

W. D. KEARFOTT. 89

Hind wing: smoky fuscous, paler at base, cilia gray, with a broad darker basal
line and a faint thin darker line near outer edge.

Underside both wings: grayish -brown ; forewiug darker and costal spots re-
peated.

Two specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, June 9th and July 11th; Miss
Brown.

Eucosma walkerana sp. nov.

Expanse 10-12 mm.

Head, palpi and antenna yellowish-gray, palpi darker gray on ends; thorax
gray, abdomen light gray, legs whitish-yellow, powdered with brown.

Forewing: basal area leaden-black, a middle white fascia, outer two-fifths pale
ochreous, slightly ferruginous in apex, mottled with black and darker lines and
dots. The basal area on dorsum extends to inner third, its outer edge is slightly
outwardly oblique to middle, then angles slightly inward reaching costa at inner
third ; it is grayish black, strigulated with darker lines and suffused with whit-
ish near base below costa; the extreme costal edge is marked with five or six
whitish dots. The middle fascia is only half the width of basal area and is not
sharply defined on outer edge, it is constricted on upper third where it is over-
laid with gray and two leaden lines from costa. Beyond it is an ochreous-brown
fascia of about equal width, only defined on lower two-thirds of wing, on outside
edge above dorsum is a blackish brown spot connected by a line with a short ver-
tical line of same color on inner edge of fascia, below these dark spots the dorsal
edge is gray-brown, on the upper third this fascia diminishes to a line at costa.
Beyond the white fascia the costa is marked with four white spots, each contain-
ing a blackish dash. The ocellic area is pinkish-white, with vertical shining
leaden side-bars, the inner connects with the middle geminate costal spot and the
outer with the spot before apex, the connecting lines are often obscure and much
broken. There is a large triangular patch of a ferruginous-ochreous in the apical
fourth, with a few scattered black scales. Terminal line black, distinct only
above ocellic area. Cilia shining leaden, tipped with black at apex.

Hindwing: light brown, cilia whitish-gray ; underside whitish gray.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, costal spots repeated.

Five specimens: bred from larvae in hazle catkins, U. S. Dept.
Agriculture, breeding No. 2917, issued June 20th to July 9th ; I
have fifteen specimens from Nicholson, Pa., July 4th to 24th, col-
lected by A. E. Lister. Five specimens : Mountain Lake Park,
Md., July 26th, Miss A. F. Braun.

The species is close to E. transmissana Walker, and is named in
honor of its author.

Cotypes in U. S. Nat. Mus.

Encosma snyderana sp. nov.
Expanse 28 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax white, speckled with pale olivaceous-gray; antenna
white; abdomen gray, anal tuft white; legs whitish, banded and dusted with
dark brown.

TEAN8. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. (12) MARCH, 1907.

90 AMERICAN LKPIDOPTERA.

Forewing: wliite, overlaid with pale gray, especially between the veins; with
a darker basal shade, large dark crescent-shaped spot on lower half of wing be-
fore anal angle and a darker terminal patch. The basal area is light brown
dotted with dark brown, it is edged outwardly with an oblique line of dark
brown dashes, interrupted on the veins, it begins at outer third of dorsum and is
defined only to upper third of wing. A gray shade in the upper third of wing
extends from base to end of cell. The crescent! form spot is broadest on dorsum,
its upper end curving inward, hook-shaped, it is inwardly edged with dark brown
dots and a cluster of the same on its outer edge. Before the ternien are two ver-
tical irregalar lines of brown dots. There is a large quadrate brown spot in apex,
and a similar but paler one on lower third of termen. Costa white, dotted with
dark brown. Cilia whitish, gray at base.

Hindwing: light grayish-fuscous, cilia whitish, with darker line near base;
underside lighter.

Underside forewing: smoky gray, costa darker\dotted with white.

Oue S specimen : Blackfoot, Idaho, Juds 8d, Arthur J. Snyder.

Eucoi^nia idalioaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 21 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax olivaceous-yellow, posterior sides of thorax edged with
silver; antenna cream-white, annulated with olivaceous; abdomen light oliva-
ceous-gray ; legs whitish, dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: olivaceous-yellow, with horizontal silver lines. The costa, beyond
male fold, is silver, interrupted by two spots, one beyond end of cell and one be-
fore apex. A line from base to end of cell through middle of cell, a duplicate
line above its outer half, the ground color between the two dotted with brown.
A silver line on outer half of fold and another the whole length of vein 16. Be-
yond the cell, between veins 3 and 8, the spaces between veins is silver, the veins
being dotted with brown. There is a silver terminal line, edged outward nar-
rowly with dark brown and inward with a line of olivaceous yellow. The apical
and subapical spots of ground color are dotted with dark brown, and a line of the
same are above and below the silver line in outer fourth of fold. Cilia yellowish-
white.

Hindwing: light smoky gray, cilia whitish '; underside the same.

Underside forewing: olivaceous-gray, whitish on costal and terminal edge,
cilia whitish.

One ^ specimen : Blackfoot, Idaho, June 3d, Arthur J. Snyder.

— • Eucoiiima vonioiiana sp. nov.

Expanse 15-17 mm.

Head light ferruginous-brown, darker over eyes and around collar, pal}ii gray-
ish-brown, blackish on outside and outer joint ; antenna gray ; thorax blackish in
center, patagia brown at base, striped with pink and white outwardly ; thorax
cinereous gray ; legs yellowish-white, dusted with dark brown.

Forewing: light gray, with a brownish tinge, the tips of the scales are some-
what paler, giving a speckled appearance under a lens. On the middle of dorsum
is a broad white i>atch, with three brown dots on dorsal edge, it is broadest at
base, the inner edge is outwardly oblique, the outer edge nearly vertical, it ex-

W. ]). KEARFOTT. 91

tends nearly to middle of wing. Before this white patcli is an inverted wedge-
shaped black spot, overlaid above with light brown. A darker shade fioni mid-
dle of costa forms a fascia that separates the white patch from a gray ocellic spot,
the lower half of fascia is dotted with black. The ocellic spot is edged before
and behind narrowly with white and a small spot of white color in middle. The
black apical spot and a similar costal spot before apex, continue as brown lines to
middle of wing, where they join and continue as a single line to termen above
apex, the brown is somewhat dotted with black. The male fold is pinkish-white,
dotted with dark brown, the second. fourth of costa is dark brown, between the
middle and spot before apex it is marked with three whitish geminate dashes.
Terminal line blackish-gray; cilia leaden-gray, cut with a whitish streak below
apex.

Hindwing: smoky brown, cilia gray, with a light basal line, followed by a
darker line; underside lighter, reticulated on upper half.

Underside forewing: dark smoky brown, costal spots repeated.

Six specimens: Cisco, Placer Co., Cal., June 1st; Colfax, Placer
Co., Cal., July, all collected by A. H. Vachell.

Kucoiiinia miscona sp. nov.

Expanse 16-19 mm.

Head : light brown ; palpi cream color inside, and upper edge, the brush out-
wardly and at the end, both inside and outside, dark gray ; antenna gray, annu-
lated with light brown ; thorax black, with a transverse pale ochreous line, the
posterior edge and patagia same color; abdomen fuscous; legs yellowish, banded
and powdered with blackish-brown.

Forewing: pale ochreous, strigulated with black in basal area, a middle fascia
of same color but more heavily and evenly overlaid with black, this ground color
in outer half, below costa, is a dusky olivaceous-yellow. Between basal area and
middle fascia is a broader whitish-gray fascia stiigulated with black. The ba.'al
area extends to inner third on dorsum, indented below fold, angling outward
on fold, then obliquely inward to inner fourth of costa, but indented at upper
third. The whitish fascia, beyond it, begins as a geminate yellow spot on costa,
it broadens outwardly to dorsal margin. The ochreous and black fascia extends
from middle of wing to dorsum before anal angle. The ocellic spot consists of
two vertical bars of pinkish shining scales enclosing a black streak, the bars are
nearly joined above and below, and above and before them is another shoit
curved line of the same scales separated from the ocellus by a black dash. There
is a similar shining line before termen in middle of wing and below it, in angle,
a small spot. Between the shining spots and the dusky yellow streak below
costa, the ground color is black, finely atomized with white. At middle of costa
are two geminate white streaks, close togethei', between them and apex are three
others, more widely spaced, each encloses a black line, and below upper fourth
they change to metallic-blue; the one before apex sends a white dash through
the cilia and terminal line below apex; the second and third befoi-e costa join
and run into the shining line before termen. There is a fine black terminal line,
interrupted below apex, and not reaching angle; beyond this line is a line of gray
which extends around termen. Cilia pinki.sh-gray.

TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. MARCH, 1907.

92 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

Hindwing: ligbt grayish brown, cilia tbe same, underside the same, darker at
apex.

Underside forewing darker.

Thirty specimens: Cisco and Colfax, Placer (b., California, June
and July, A. H. Vachell.

Thiodia kiscana sp. nov.

Expanse 12-13 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax white, a light fuscous spot on outside of palpi near base
of second joint, and a shade of the same color, both inside and outside, at end of
second joint, patagia shining grayish-ochreous ; antenna white, finely annulated
with fuscous; abdomen grayish-fuscous; legs white, tarsal joints ringed with
blackish-brown.

Forewing: pale fawn, with a darker shade in middle of wing from base to end
of cell, and another on upper half of wing from before end of cell into apex. The
inner half of costa is narrowly blackish, edged internally with white, beyond the
middle are four large black streaks and four fine black dashes on a white ground ;
all outwardly oblique, excepting the white- line before the light brown apical
spot, which is inwardly oblique, and is edged with blackish scales on each side;
the white line, from between the two middle large spots, runs obliquely outwardly
and nearly connects with the white line before apex. The ocellus is large, lust-
rous, white, with a long black line above and one or two shorter ones below it.
Below the fold the dorsal margin is sparsely overlaid with white scales. The
terminal edge and cilia are light gray, finely powdered with blackish dots.

Hindwing: light gray, smoky towards termen ; underside whitish-gray.

Underside forewing: smoky ochreous-browu, costal spots repeated.

Ten specimens : Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27th, Miss Annette F.
Braiin ; Greenwood Lake, N.J , June 10th ; Gloucester Co., N. J.,
May 29th, F. Haimbach.

Epinotia dietziana sp. nov.

Expanse 13-15 mm.

Head : pale ochreous on top, basal joints of antenna, face and palpi white, latter
shaded with brown outside; antenna whitish brown ; thorax grayish-white above,
beneath and tuft white; legs whitish, dusted and banded with blackish-brown.

Forewing: a broad white fascia between inner fourth and middle on costa, en-
larging below top of cell and reaching inner fourth to outer third on dorsum.
The basal area is gray, with a wiiitish transverse streak through middle and
edged outwardly with black ; there are a few black scales on the inner edge of
the white streak. The broad white fascia is dotted on costal and dorsal edges
with gray ; beyond it is a gray fascia, beginning at middle of costa as a blackish
spot, continuing to middle cf wing as a gray line; at end of cell, in middle of
wing, is a small black spot, this is continued as a broader gray fascia to dorsum
before anal angle. The space beyond is white, inwardly overlaid with gray and
outwardly bordered by dark ochreous-brown, the latter color in a shade beneath
costa for outer fourth and running into a conspicuous black ocellic spot. The
outer half of costa is marked by four pairs of white oblique lines, divided by
narrow black lines, and each pair separated by a larger black spot. Tbe ocellic

W. D. KEARFOTT. 93

area is shining white, with a vertical row of brownisfi scales. Termen above
middle is bordered by a fine black line running into apical spot. Beyond this is
a narrow yellowish line in cilia, the latter is blackish with ochreous brown tips.

Hind wing: smoky gray, preceded by a faintly lighter basal line; underside
the same, cilia concolorous.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, with the geminate whitish spots repeated
on costa.

Twenty specimens: Hampton, K H., May 28th to July 3rd, S.
Albert Shaw ; Hazleton, Pa., at electric light, May 19th to June
8th, collected by W. G. Dietz, M.D., and to whom 1 am indebted
for a hundred or more very interesting Tortricids.

Cydia colorana sp. nov.

Expanse 22-24 mm.

Head and palpi clay-white; antenna leaden-fuscous; thorax leaden-fuscous,
tips of patagia and posterior edge of thorax white; legs cream-white, lightly
dotted with fuscous.

Forewing: ground color, base of scales fuscous-brown, outer half gray to pink-
ish-ochreous, under a lens as a finely reticulated surface of alternate dark and
light vertical lines; below the fold of wing the light tips are gray, becoming
ochreous above outwardly and shaded with pink on the outer half above the
middle. The ground color is traversed by numerous irregular broken lines of
shining leaden scales. The costal edge is narrowly cream-color, with a small
black spot beyond middle and four larger ones between it and apex. From the
cream-color spaces between these spots the leaden lines begin ; the two before
apex extend only to upper third, and a single line begins close to termen at mid-
dle of wing, and continues to anal angle ; before these ante-apical streaks are two
others which join at middle of wing and continue to anal angle as a single line,
dotted inwardly and outwardly with black below the middle. The other leaden
streaks are edged with black dots more or less, usually on their inner sides. The
terminal line is black, before which is a pale ochreous line. Cilia shining gray.

Hind wing: smoky gray, whitish above cell, cilia whitish, with a gray line
near base ; underside the same.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, costal edge yellowish, and a line of same
color preceding a blackish terminal line.

Four specimens: three, Glenwood Springs, Colorado, June 1st,
Dr. Wm. Barnes, received frona U. S. Nat. Mus. ; one, Salida, Col.,
June 19th, " Hulst collection " from Dr. Dietz.

Cenopis chainbersaiia sp. nov.

Expanse 22-25 mm.

Head: ochreous-brown, a shade darker on the anterior edge of the frontal
tube; palpi pale ochreous within, outside ochreous-brown, darker at end of tuft;
antenna light grayish-ochreous ; thorax ochreous-brown, darker than head, pos-
terior end of patagia paler; abdomen yellowish-white, with white scale tufts on
first segment above; legs yellowish-white, powdered with bronzy -brown.

Forewing : light ochreous-brown, vertically strigulated, shining purplish-brown,

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII. MAKCH, 1907.

94 AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

with several lines and spots of the same shade as follows: below costa at outer
fourth is a spot from which a fine line crosses wing obliquely to dorsal edge be-
yond middle; at end of cell, below middle of wing, another spot which sends a
line into dorsum before angle; from a dot at outer third of costa an irregular line
curves outward and downward ending in tornus; a faint terminal line. The
costa is evenly marked with the upper ends of the reticulations. There is a very
short but broad costal fold in the male. Cilia concolorous, shining, with a faint
pinkish tinge.

Hind wing: white, lightly stained with ochreous on outer half, which color
runs into the cilia; underside pale ochreous.

Underside forewing: light ochreous-brown, with darker reticulations on costa.

Ten specimens: Cincinnati, Ohio, June 12th to July 6tli, Miss
Annette F. Braun.

I take pleasure in dedicating this species, which diifers from any
Cenopis known to me, to the one of the two pioneers in North
American Micro-Lepidoptera, and whose interests and labors were so
largely associated with the place of its habitat, V. T. Chambers.

Eulia iiiscana sp. nov.

Expanse 15-17 mm.

Head: light brown, shaded on sides with darker ferruginous-brown; palpi
blackish-fuscous, underside at base pale ochreous; antenna dark fuscous, annu-
lated with yellowish-white; thorax dark ferruginous-brown, patagia and poste-
rior end light ferruginous-brown ; abdomen cinereous; legs light ochreous, dusted
with brownish-fuscous.

Forewing: reddish-brown, crossed by three narrow shining white fascije. The
inner is from first quarter of costa to before middle of dorsum. The middle one
from middle of costa to anal angle, where it coalesces with the lower end of outer
fascia, which starts on costa before apex as a geminate spot; in some specimens
this fascia is broken below costa. The white fascise are outlined with black scales
in the middle of wing, and a dot of black scales in the middle of wing and a dot
of black is enclosed in the middle fascia, at end of cell. The edges of the fasciae
are irregular. Between the inner and middle fascia there is a shining patch of
pinkish scales on the lower half of wing. The dorsal margin is narrowly dotted
with black. Cilia at apex dull brown ; below apex, white at base, shading into
dull ochreous outwardly.

Hindwing: gray, cilia whitish-gray, with a darker line near base; underside
gray, smoky gray below costa.

Underside forewing: smoky brown, with a large middle, and before apex, a
smaller geminate costal spot of cream white.

Three specimens: Carmel, California, June, collected by A. H.
Vachell.

W. D. KEARFOTT.

95

INDEX.

PAGE

Evetria Hubner.

buoliaua Schijf- ■ ■ (mention). . .2

burkeana K. 4

colfaxiana K 3

monophylliana K . .1

pasadenana K . . .3

pinicolana Dbld- • (mention) . • .2

sabiniana K 2

zozana K. 2

Polychrosis Ragonot.

ambrosiana K 8

aruncana K 5

botrana Schiff ■ ■ ■ .(mention). . -6
liriodendrana K- . (mention) . . .7

magnoliana R 6

veinoniana K 7

yaracana K. 5

Oletbreutes Hubner.

agilana Clem (mention). .12

coronana A. 10

daeckeana K 12

devotana K 16

diraidiaua Sodoff .(mention). .14

galaxana A'. 9

glitranana K 9

gogana A 8

liebesana Wcdk- ■ .(mention). .12

islandana A' 80

malachitana Zell- .(mention). .11

mana A'. 14

ninibatana tlem. . (mention). .14

ochromediana A'. 11

osmundana i^ern. .(mention). .12

provana K 16

removana A' 15

rosapchreana K 11

rubi punctana A' 14

sepaiatana A". 13-14

Wellington iana A' 13

Eucosma Hubner.

atomosana Wlsm- .(mention). .21
biquadrana JF/sm. (mention). .33

bobana A" 26

boxcana A' 87

brightonana J\. 23

TBANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII.

PAGE

Eucosma canariana A' 18-19-20

cataclystiana Walk., .(men.). .21
circulana Hbn- ■ .(mention )22-42

cocana K. 26

crambitana Wlsm. (men.) 19-20-3.5

dodana A. 27-28

fandana A 19

floridana A'. ■ 21

fofana A" 28

gandana A' 20

grandiflavana Wlsm. .(men.). .20

bandana K 20

boiiana K 28

hopkinsana A' 36

idahoana A' 90

immaculana A'. 35

invicta Wl-im.. . . . (mention). .34
irroratana Wlsm. . (mention). .21

johnsonana A' 36

kandana A'. 20

kokana A 29

laudana K 18

larana Wlsm. (mention). .20

lolana A' 29

mandana A' 17

miscana K 91

moniana A' 30

nandana K. 17

nonaua A' 30

palousana A' 34

paudana K 17

popaua K. 31

randana A' 21

reversana A' 22

rorana K.. . ■ 31

sandana A 22

shastana Wlsm.. . .(mention). .33

snydeiana A' 89

spaldingana A' 19

sonomana A". 27

sosana K 32

subflavana PFi«»i.. (mention). .20

subinvicta K 33

tandaua A' 23

totana A' 32

MABCH, 1907.

96

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

PAGE

Eucosma traiismissanalT^aZfc.(men.)- -89

vandana K 24

vomonana K 90

vovana K 33

walkerana K 89

wandana K 24

womonana K 88

xandana/i 24

yandana K 25

zandana K- 25

Thiodia Hubner.

annetteana K. 42

asphodelana A' 42

aspidiscana Hhn 37-38-39

awemeana K 38-39-41

baracana K 43

caracana K 43

daracana K 44

essexana K 38-39

ferruginana Fern 37-38-39

formosana Clem. 37-38-39

kiscana K- 92

ochreicostana Wlsm. .(men.). .45

radiatana Wlsm 37-38-40

raracana K. 44

refusana Walk--, (mention). .42

roseoterminana K 38-39-40

umbrastiiana K 38-39-40

Proteopteryx Walsingham.

albicapitana K 47

faracana K 47

haracana K 46

laracana K 45

maiacana K. 46

Pennsylvania K- 48

spoliana Ciem. .. (mention). 45-47

Proteoteras Riley.

arizonse K. 48

crescentana K 49

naracana K 50

torontana K- 50

Epinotia Hubner.

dietziaua K 92

haimbacbiana K 51

ilicifoliana K.- - (mention). 52-53

pauperana (mention). .52

plumbolineana K 53

saliciana CTem. .. .(mention). .52

PAGE

Epinotia salicicolana Clem- .(men.). .53
septemberana 51

Ancylis Huhner.

intermediana K 56

Enarmonia Hubner.

americana TF/sm. (mention) 58-60

angleseana K 64

bracteana Fern- - .(mention). .64

dana K 65-66

dandana K 65

dyaraua K 58

edwardsiana K 58

fanaA". 64

garacana K 66

interstinctana CVeTO.(men.) 64-65

lana K 59

maculana Fern- - .(niention). .64

placerana R 60

sauudersana K 63

tanaiT. 62

tristrigana CT«!»»...( mention) 59-60

vanaA 61-62

vancou verana K 63

walsinghami K- 57

wana K 60

zana K 61

Cydia Hubner.

colorana K 93

cupressana K 54

inquilina K 55

piperana K 55

Cenopis Zeller.

chambersana K 93

Sparganothis Hubner.

bistriata K 67

karacana K 68

saracana K 68

striata Wlsm. (mention). .68

taracana K 66

tiistiiata K 67

yumana K 67

Archips Hubner.

brauniana K 69

georgiana Walk.. ■ (mention). .73
grisea Rob (mention). .70

Pandemis Hubner.

pyrusana K 70

W. D. KEARFOTT.

97

PAGE

Tortrix Linnasns.

Tortrix albicomana Clem 73

chioccana K- 72

cockerellana K 71

curvalana K 73

dorsipurpurana K 73

hoiistonana (rco/e- (nieiitiou). .72

kukakana K 70

nervosana K 71

pallorana Rob- ■ ■ ■(iiieiitioii). .71

seminolana K 71

semipurpurana K. i mention) . .73

Enlia Hnbner.

niscana K- 84

Phalonia Huhner.

aurorana A' 83

bana K 73

basiochreana K 78

biscana K 75

bonionana K 75-76

carnielana K 76-77

cincinnatana K 78

discana K 78

elderana K 84

PACK

Phalonia formonana K- 81

foscana K 84

giscana K- 75

lepidana Clem- ■ ■ ■ (mention). .82

listeraua A' 80

raaiana K ... -82

nonlavana K 85

obispoana K 77

obliquana K. . . . . (mention). .76

sublepidana K 82

straminoides Grote (mention. .74

toxcana K- 85-87

vachelliana K 80

viscana A'. 84

voxcana K- 83

wiscana K 77

zaracana K 74

ziscana K 76

zoxcana K 86

Commopbila Huhner.

hiiachucana K 79

Carposina Herrich-Schaeffer.

comonana K 87

age 2,

line 19,

" 2.

" 19,

" 5,

6,

" 11,

1,

" 11,

" 32,

" 16,

" 43,

'• 22,

3,

" 23,

'• 31,

" 39.

" 31,

" 43,

" 38,

" 25,

" 45,

" 15.

" 51,

" 18,

ERRATA.

line 19, for sinicolana read piiiicolaiia Dbld.
buolana read biioliana ScbfiT.
recond read record.
rosaschreana read rosaochreaua.

Lell rend Zell.

A. T. Brown read A. J. Brown.
circula read circulana.
cancel lines 2 and 3.
wnite read white,
spade read shade.

distinctana read essexana.
Salidago read Solidago.
Epinotis read Epiiiotia.

TEAN8. AM. ENT. SOC. XXXIII.

(13)

MARCH, 1907

98

AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA,

DATE OF PUBLICATION.

As a matter of i-ecord it may be stated that each eight pages of
this paper have been issued as "Signatures" and mailed to the fol-
lowing five gentlemen on the dates as tabulated : C. H. Fernald,
Ph.D., Amherst, Mass. ; James Fletcher, L.L.D., Ottawa, Canada ;
Henry Skinner, M.D., Philadelphia; William Beutenmiiller, New
York; William G. Dietz, M.D., Hazleton, Pa.

Pages 1-8

" 9-16

" 17-24

" 25-32

" 33-40

" 41-48

" 49-56

" 57-64

" 65-72

" 73-80

" 81-88

" 89-98

Mailed from Philadelphia
February 1, 1907

Hailed from New York
February 2, 1907

" 5, '

u 6, "

" 6, '

« 7, "

" 11, '

" 13, "

" 12, '

" 13, "

" 15, '

" 18, "

" 26, '

' March 1, "

March 2, '

" 4, -

u 2, '

" 4, "

" 13, '

" 14, "

" 19, '

" 20, "

" 26, '

" 27, "

f "- ^

o'*.,-*' ,-■ c. _ ._ . - -.i.

l\t €;ciitiitltcii| lliitomalogbt.

Vol. XXXIX.

LONDON, J.\NUARY, 1907.

No.

NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPI'ERA.

BY W. D. KKARFOTl', MONTCLAIR, N. J.

New species of Micro-Lepidoptera are accumulating so rapidly that
it seems a necessity to get tliem described and labelled in order to properly
\, ke care of them. This is especially so in the case of species named for
correspondents, and to overcome the objection of having numbers of
AfS. names in collections.
— Eiiarmonia Youngana, sp. nov. — Expanse, 8 to 1 1 mm.

Head smoky-black, scales with a metallic reflection, tips paler.
Palpi yellowish-gray. Antennse dark brown, obscurely annulated with
shining yellow. Thorax blackish-brown, minutely dotted with metallic.
Abdomen black, dotted with golden metallic scales.

Fore wing shining bronzy-brown ; crossed at middle by a pair of
shining bluish-white fascia?, and similar pair in the outer third of wing.

The inner half of the dark basal area is heavily overlaid with the
bfuish-white metallic scales. There are three pairs of white costal spots,
followed by a single one before the apex. The inner pair at inner third are
the beginning of the first [lairof metallic fasciae, which curve outwardly to
middle of wing, then droj) directly to dorsal margin, where they are very much
wider. The second pair of while costal spots are just beyond the middle,
and from the two of them a single streak of blue-metallic runs, outward y
oblique, to the middle of the wing. The third pair of white costal spots
are in outer fourth, and from each a blue-metallic fascia proceeds, outwardly
oblique, to middle of wing, thence angles inward nearly to but not reaching
dorsum at angle; between the two is a black ocellic spot, divided by three
lines of golden scales into four horizontal bars ; opposite the ocellic spot
and on inner side of this fascia is a similar velvety-black spot. From the
seventh white costal spot is a short spur of metallic- blue defining a lunate
yellowish-white apical spot.

Beyond the middle of the wing the dark groinid colour is overlaid
with vertical wavy rows of golden-yellow scales. The three outer costal
spots are each marked in the centre by a liny black point. A line of black

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

scales defines the apex and outer margin, and is interrupted by two yellow
dashes above the middle and a broader one just above anal angle. Cilia
leaden-metallic.

Hind wing smoky-brown, cilia bleached straw colour. Under side
fore wing leaden-brown, with the costal sjDOts and black terminal line
repeated.

Nine specimens, bred by Mr. C. H. Young, at Hurdman's Bridge,
Ottawa, Canada. Dr. Fletcher informs me that the larvae are found
during the winter in the centre of the cones of White Spruce, Picea alba,
the moths emerging in the ensuing spring.

Co-types in collections of Fletcher, Young and Kearfott.

Venation : Fore wing, all veins separate, outer margin straight, but
very much oblique. Hind wing, 3 and 4 stalked, 5 approximate to 4; 6
and 7 very close at base.

Named in honour of Mr. Young, whose industry and perseverance in
working out obscure life-histories of insects, in many cases of extreme
economic importance, is of the greatest scientific value.

Epagoge lycopodiaiia^ sp. nov. — Expanse, 13 to 16 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax ochreous-yellow. Palpi outwardly shaded with
red, a streak of the same colour on each side of the thorax and at base of
patagia. Antennae reddish-yellow at base, becoming smoky-fuscous
beyond. Abdomen smoky-fuscous, anal tuft yellowish. Legs pale
ochreous, dusty with smoky-brown.

Fore wing ochreous-yellow, evenly mottled with red. A deep Indian-
red fascia begins at costa, between third and middle, and goes obliquely
to outer third of dorsum, where it joins a similar fascia, which runs
obliquely outward to end of cell. From the costa at outer fourth a line of
deep red scales curves outwardly to the anal angle ; beyond this is a short
fascia from costa, just before apex, ending in middle of wing, and
paralleling upper half of termen. These fascige are overlaid with shining
bluish scales. In some specimens the deep Indian-red colour almost
covers the entire outer part of the wing, from the inner fascia, and in these
dark specimens there is only a small patch of the ground colour above the
end of cell, on the costa, with a slight shading of yellow before the anal
angle. Cilia ochreous-yellow.

Hind wing very dark smoky fuscous ; cilia metallic-fuscous, under
side leaden black.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Under side fore wing i eddish-black, with a yellowish spot above end
of cell ; extreme costal edge and cilia reddish-yellow.

Twelve specimens, bred by Mr. C. H. Young, from larvae feeding in
Club Moss, Lycopodium, at Hurdman's Bridge, Ottawa, Canada.

Co-types in collections of Fletcher, Young and Kearfott.

This species is very like Epagoge sul/ureana, Clenx; and I have held
it for over two years, thinking it possibly might be a variety. I have
examples of the latter from nearly all of the Gulf and Eastern States, and
while they exhibit a very wide range of variability, there is not one that
even approximates this intensely-dark form. It is nearer E. tunicana,
WIsm., but is a brighter red.

Venation : Fore wing, 7 and 8 stalked, others separate ; hind wing, 3
and 4 approximate, but not connate, 6 and 7 connate, not stalked. In
Meyrick's Handbook of British Lepidoptera, the synopsis of this genus
states that 3 and 4 of hind wing are connate, and 6 and 7 stalked.

Recurvaria coniferella, sp. nov. — Expanse, 9 mm.

Head opalescent-white, palpi pale cinereous, third joint ringed with
black at base and tip. Antennse whitish, annulated with brown.
Abdomen and legs pale cinereous, the latter heavily ringed with black.

Fore wing yellowish-white or pale cinereous, overlaid with white in
the middle of the wing from base to end of cell, and above the fold. There
are the usnal three oblique fascioe, all much broken into spots. The inner
consists of a black dot on costa at base, and tuft of black and white raised
scales below the fold at inner fifth. The second consists of a black dot on
costa before the middle, hardly separated from a larger dot below it on
the middle of the wing ; below this is a third distinctly separated dot
above the dorsum. The outer fascia begins in outer third of costa, with a
large dot ; below it, towards base, is a small round dot, and another
towards apex in the form of a short horizontal line ; below the first of
these, above the dorsum, is another small dot. All of these dots, except
on the costa, consist of tufts of black raised scales, bounded outwardly
with white raised scales. The apex of wing is heavily powdered with
black, obscurely forming four black marginal dots. Cilia gray, overlaid
with black.

Hind wing pale gray, cilia yellowish-gray.

Two specimens, bred from larvae on pine, Ottawa, Canada, by Mr.
Arthur Gibson. Issued June 20, 1905. Type in my collection. Co-
type in Dr. Fletcher's collection.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

In general appearance this species most nearly resembles R.
apicitripwidella, Clem., the larvae of which are common on hemlock.
Coniferella is smaller, the arrangement of spots different, and is a very
much darker species.

Recurvarin Gibsonella^ sp. nov. — Expanse, ii mm.

Head opalescent-white, palpi whitish, clouded with light brown on
inner sides of second joint, outer joint black, with a narrow white ring at
base, a broader one in the middle and a tiny point of v/hite at apex.
AntenniB whitish, annulated with dark brown. Thorax whitish-yellow,
overlaid with black and brown. Abdomen opalescent-white and brown.
Legs yellowish-white, heavily ringed with black.

Fore wing white, shaded with yellowish on apex and crossed by three
broad oblique dark brown bands. The inner from costa at base, continu-
ing to below the fold, but not reaching dorsal margin. The second from
inner third at costa, broadens at the middle and sends a long spur into the
outer fascia. The outer begins on costa at outer fourth, and is the
broadest of the three ; it recurves inwardly to dorsum. The apex and
outer margin are dark brown, enclosing an anti-marginal white spot, which
is divided by a streak of dark scales. The usual tufts of raised scales
occur on the dorsal half of the three dark fasciae. Cilia yellowish-white,
heavily overlaid with black.

Hind wing yellowish-gray, cilia the same.

Three specimens, bred from larvae on Juniperus cofnmunis, by Mr.
Arthur Gibson, Ottawa, Canada. Types in my collection, co-types in
Dr. Fletcher's collection.

This species is not at all like the specimens I have bred from the
same food-plant in New Jersey, and described in the Journal of the New
York Entomological Society, September, 1903, but more nearly resembles
the two species bred from Spruce and Arbor-vitse.
-- \ ) Recutvaria obscurel/a, new name. — I propose this name in place of
var. nigra, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc. XI., 1903, p. 156, as the latter is
preoccupied.

Symphysa simpltcialis, sp. nov. — Expanse, 11 to 15 mm.

Labial palpi upturned, second joint tufted in front, third joint
acuminate ; maxillary palpi short, filiform, both pale cream colour, the
former clouded with brownish on outside of second and third joints.
Tongue long, concealed by well-developed tufts of creamy-white scales.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Antennas slightly serrate, cream colour at base, outer jomts annulated
with grayish-fuscous. Thorax grayish-white. Abdomen fuscous and
tuft cream-white. Legs cream white, minutely dotted vvith brown. Tarsi
annulated with brown.

Fore wing dark gray, minutely dotted with blackish-gray., a darker
shade across the wing at inner third, a short, narrow, outwardly oblique
curved line from middle of costa to upper edge of cell, a similar fine white
an-te-terminal line from costa beyond outer fourth, curving under apex and
down to dorsal margin, just before anal angle, slightly indented at lower
third. A blackish preciliate line interrupted by the veins. Cilia paler.

Hind wing pale fuscous, thickly dotted with black scales along dorsal
and outer margins. An obscure whitish ante-terminal line, strongest
towards dorsal margin ; slightly indented at upper third.

Under side, both wings shining pale gray, the white lines faintly
repeated.

Two (^ specimens, collected by Professor F. H. Snow, one Browns-
ville, Texas, June, and one San Bernardino Ranch, Cochise Co., Arizona,
3,750 feet elevation, August.

One ty])e in collection of Kansas Academy Sciences, and one in
my collection.

Differs from re7iicuiaris, Zell., in the absence of white discal spots,
and from both renicularis and eripalis, Grote, in the outer white lines of
both wings being very much closer to the outer margin.

Prionapteryx baboquivariella, sp. nov. — Expanse, 22 to 28 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax sordid white. Scales of outer joint of labial
palpi leaden-gray, of maxillary palpi cinnamon-brown ; thorax heavily
overlaid with brown, and much darker than the collar and patagia.
Abdomen and anal tuft creamy-white. Legs creamy-white. Anterior
tibitB dotted with brown. All tarsi annulated with the same colour.

Fore wing pale olivaceous-brown, with the lower median vein and the
veins in the outer third of wing overlaid with white, below the white
median vein is a much darker brown streak from base, to anal angle, and
a dark streak above it from base to end of cell. The outer half of costa
is shaded with white, through which run four outwardly-oblique brown
lines, the inner, at end of cell, runs into the brown lines above and below
the median vein, forming an obscure dark dentate transverse line ; a
similar preciliate line of white from costa, outwardly oblique for one-third
the width of wing, thence inwardly oblique to a third above dorsal margin,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

thence obscurely dentate to margin, is inwardly outlined with darker
brown ; a short white line from costa at apex to termen. In the middle
of the outer margin is a small white ocellic dot, just below the incision?
above is a short dark bar, and before it the ground colour is heavily
sprinkled with darker scales. Cilia sordid white, divided by a brown line
above the incision. Hind wings pale cinereous, with a darker shade
before the cilia, which are sordid white, with a slightly darker basal line.

Five specimens, four collected by Prof. F. H. Snow, Baboquivaria
Mountains, Arizona, and one Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, O. C.
Poling. Co-types in Kansas Academy of Sciences and my collection.

Nearest to achatina, Zell., but can be readily separated by the two
fine white lines on costa just before apex, which are lacking in achatma,
and in their place is a rather broad white streak. The four specimens
from Prof. Snow are rather badly rubbed, especially over the middle of
the wing, causing an impression of a broad white median band.

Fhitella yumaella, sp. nov. — Expanse, i6 to 27 mm.

Head with loose scales ; antennae simple, basal joint with dense flaps ;
labial palpi, second joint with short dense tuft above appressed to face,
third joint short, obtuse ; both head, palpi and thorax grayish-white, mixed
with black scales, patagia tipped with ochreous scales, posterior thoracic
tuft white, stained at the ends with ochreous.

Fore wing elongate ovate, whitish-gray, mottled with black. The
basal area to one-fourth on costa and one-third on dorsal margin is heavily
mottled with black, beyond is a narrow oblique whitish fascia, beyond this
the wing is heavily mottled, but interrupted on upper half by a crescent-
shaped whitish fascia, which leaves costa at middle and regains it at outer
fourth ; the apical fifth is whitish, less overlaid with black. Cilia whitish-
gray, speckled vi^ith black.

Hind wing and under side of both wings cinereous. Abdomen
cinereous, with a tuft of ochreous scales on each side on the middle
segments, anal tuft dark ochreous. Legs cinereous, anterior and middle
and tarsi of posterior legs heavily speckled with black.

Two specimens, San Bernardino Ranch, Cochise Co., Ariz., 3,750
feet elevation, August (F. H. Snow). One, Brownsville, Texas, June
(F. H. Snow). One, Gila Co., Ariz., June (O. C. Poling). One,
Baboquivaria Mts., Pima Co., Ariz., July 15-30 (O. C. Poling). Two, So.
Arizona (Poling). Nine specimens, Yuma Co., Arizona Desert, received
from J. B. Smith.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Types : University of Kansas and my collection.

Placed in Plutella tentatively; agrees with Meyrick's definition, except
that 3 and 4 hind wings are not approximate, the palpi are tufted above
and not beneath.

Genus Dorota, Busck.

The moths of this genus superficially resemble Crambids, on account
of their long, extended labial palpi ; so far they have only been taken in
Arizona and California, and only a very few specimens are known.

I have a fine specimen of lineata, Wlsm. {virgatella, Busck), from
Cochise Co., Ariz., June 4, 1904, from Geo. Franck, and two very dis-
tinctly marked species, which are described below. The four known
species can be separated by the following table :

Fore wing with lighter median streak i.

Fore wing without lighter median streak 2,

1. Ground colour light ochreous-brown =medioliniella.

Ground colour ashy-gray = albastrigulella.

2. Fore wing marked with darker lines =lineata.

Fore wing not marked with darker lines = inorratella.

'Dorota medioiiniella, sp. nov. — 9. Expanse, 27 mm.

Palpi, head and thorax pale yellowish-brown, speckled with gray-
brown ; palpi long, about 4 mm., porrect, outer joint sharply bent down-
ward.

Fore wing 35^ times as long as broad, lanceolate, pale yellowish-
brown, a paler creamy-white streak from base to apex, interrupted at end
of cell with a few dark scales, with a darker geminate-blackish streak above
it. A slightly darker shade above dorsal margin, and a cluster of dark
scales on fold at inner third.

A number of black dots are scattered over the wing, notably a line of
eight on inner half close to costa, becoming more widely separated out-
wardly, one on upper edge of dark streak near apex, about eight in
pale streak, about fifteen in three irregular horizontal rows on outer third
below middle, four of which are in the cilia, a line of six in two groups of
three above fold in middle of wing and one above the fold. Extreme dorsal
edge dotted with brown scales.

Hind vving, fuscous-gray, slightly shining, cilia same. Under side
both wings fuscous-gray, with a brassy tinge. Abdomen same, anal tuft
paler. Legs cream-white.

One specimen, Claremont, Cal. No. 3889. C. F. Baker. Type in
my collection.

» THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Dorota albastrigulellh, %^. nov. — "^ Expanse, 21 mm.

Palpi, head, tliorax and fore wing fuscous, strigulated with pure white.
Palpi porrect, 2.5 mm. long, outer joint not drooping, but bent outward,
at an angle of about fifteen degrees, the brush from second joint
extends as far as apex of third, but is porrect, and with the diverging
outer joint forms a Y at end of each palpus. The white strigulations of
fore wing are most heavily laid between one-third below costa and one-
third above dorsal margin, but hardly in a well-defined streak; towards the
apical margin some of the veins are bare of white scales, forming short,
ill-defined dark streaks. A dark dot at end of cell and another at inner
fourth, both about the middle of wing. Cilia white, divided by a fuscous
line. Hind wing fuscous-gray, darker before cilia. Under side, both
wings dark fuscpus-gray. Abdomen the same, anal tuft paler. Legs
yellowish-white.

One specimen, Placer Co., Cal., June i, 1904. Arthur H. Vachell.
Type in my collection.

Holcocera Arizoniclla, sp. nov. — Expanse, 15 to 18 mm.

Head, palpi, antenn;ii, thorax, abdomen, legs and fore wings creamy
white ; hind wing shining gray-white, cilia cream-white, anal tuft ochreous-
white.

Three specimen?, San Bernardino Ranch, Cochise Co., Arizona,
3,750 feet elevation, August (F. H. Snow). Twelve specimens, Phoenix
and Globe, Arizona, August and October (Kunze).

Types in University of Kansas and my collection.
'—Incurvaria Taylorclla, sp. nov. — Expanse, 16 mm.

Head hairy, pale. straw-colour, darker above; palpi same, with a few
burnished scales on outside ; abdomen yellowish-white ; legs the same
colour, but annulated with burnished scales; antennae pale-straw colour.

Fore wing burnished purple, with a coppery reflection, with four pale
yellow spots ; a triangular spot on outer third of costa, pointed on its
lower end, which extends a trifle more than a third across wing, curved
obliquely inwards ; below this, on dorsal margin, a nearly square spot,
extending upwards a third of the width of wing, and separated by the spot
above it by a trifle less than one-third ; a larger dorsal spot at inner fourth
broadest on dorsal margin, convex on its outer and concave on its inner
edge, extends obliquely to within one-third of costa; a spot in the apex
with a spur running down through the cilia of the termen nearly to the
anal angle.

Hind wings fuscous, with a purplish reflection. Underside of both

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

wings same as upper, but lighter in colour, the spots of the fore wing
faintly repeated.

Two 9 specimens, Wellington, B. C, May 15, Rev. Geo. W.Taylor;
Mt. Washington, N. H., Mrs. A. T. Slosson.

Types in Mrs. Slosson's and my collections.

Closest to capitella, Clerck (Europe), which differs in the inner
dorsal spot extending entirely across the wing ; the outer spots approach
more closely together, and the apical spot is absent. This species belongs
in group I of Dr. Dietz's revision, and can readily be separated from the
two American species by the inner dorsal mark, which in both extends
from dorsal to costal margin.

Named in honour of Rev. G. W. Taylor, to whom I am indebted for
many interesting specimens,
v^ Amydria cresceniel/a, sp. nov. — Expanse, 16 to 18 mm.

Palpi, head, antennae and thorax very pale brown, dusted with dark
brown, the latter predominant on external surfaces of palpi. Abdomen
and legs pale cinereous, tarsi dusted with brown.

Fore wing creamy white, slightly dusted with brown scales; this light
ground colour only occurs in a large triangular basal patch, extending to a
quarter on costa and nearly to middle on dorsal margin, A curved
oblique fascia from middle of costa to end of cell, a similar but narrower
fascia from costa just before apex, curving inwardly towards but not
reaching the middle fascia. These two fascias are so sharply defined
against the dark brown of the balance of the wing that they appear as a
crescent-shaped band, interrupted in the middle.

The balance of the wing is cinnamon-brown, dotted with darker
brown. In some specimens the pale basal area is rather heavily dusted
with brown inwardly, leaving only the margin of the pale colour, forming
a narrow oblique fascia. On the costa, within the crescent, are two pale
dashes separated by a dark dot, and outwardly bounded by dark brown,
which also extends below them. Before the middle of fascia the costa is
cream colour, marked by a number of brown dots. On the outer margin
is a line of dark brown dots, separated by a i^vi paler scales. Cilia same
as dark portion of wing.

Hind wing light cinnamon-brown, under side of both wings the same.

Five specimens, all Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima C, Arizona, July
15 to 30; two collected by Prof. F. H. Snow, three by Mr. O. C. Poling.

Types, University of Kansas and in my collection.
(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 53

NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 9.)
Eitcosma ftiscana, sp. nov. — Expanse, 23 to 30 mm. Head, palpi,
thorax and fore wings, brownish-fuscous, finely irrorated with whitish scales;
basal area darker, in middle extends two-fifths length of wing.

Head rough, tuft on second joint of palpi flatly triangular, extending
below beyond third joint, latter only exposed from above. Head, palpi
and thorax grayish brown or brownish-fuscous, finely and closely irrorated
with whitish scales, the tip or outer end of each scale is whitish. Abdo-
men whitish-cinereous, anal tuft cinereous, speckled with white. Legs
cinereous, speckled with fuscous, fronts of femora and tibite of anterior pair
brownish-fuscous.

Fore wing brownish-fuscous, finely and closely irrorated with whitish.
The white irrorations are not evenly spread over the entire surface, their
absence or partial absence in some places forms darker area ; the most
prominent of the dark shade is the basal area, which on the dorsum
reaches beyond inner third, thence obliquely and somewhat concave to
middle of wing at two-fifths from base, above the middle from base to apex
the upper half is evenly irrorated, hence the basal dark area is only
sharply defined on the dorsal half of wing. At outer third is a more or
less obsolete darker angulated fascia ; from dorsal margin in the form of a
narrow bar pointing toward middle of termen, but in length less than one-
third the width of wing, directly above it a similar bar reaches to upper
edge of cell ; between this outer fascia and dark basal area the white
irrorations are thickest, giving the appearance of a paler fascia between
these darker shades. Paralleling the termen the white irrorations are
arranged in irregular and broken lines. Male costal fold narrow, about
one-third length of wing, appressed and darker brown. Cilia same as
outer end of wing.

Hind wing above and beneath, and cilia uniformly pale fuscous.
Under side fore wing, same shade of brownish-fuscous as above, but
without the paler irrorations.

Four specimens: Rounlhwaite, Manitoba, July, Marmont ; Iowa,
Ac. Cat., No. 182, C. P. Gillette; Chicago, Illinois, C. H. Fernald, and
one specimen from Prof. Fernald, bearing label "10733, Aug. 31," but no
locality.

Co-types in U. S. Nat. Mus., Prof Fernald's and in my collection.
In the four specimens before me quite a little variation is observable,

February, 1907

54 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

caused by the more or less density of the white irrorations, in one speci-
men the basal dark area can hardly be defined.

Eucosnia bilinea?ia, sp. nov. — Expanse, (^ , 24 to 30 mm.; 9 , 32 mm.
Fore wing pale clayishochre, with two horizontal black lines, one from
base to middle, and one above it from middle to apex, the latter divided
and more or less diffused on its outer half

Head rough, dull brown in front, shading into ochreish-brown on top.
Palpi flattened, ovate, scales neither compressed nor loosely laid, apical
joint exposed above, but hidden below by projecting tuft from second
joint; colour pale ochreish, darker on outer sides and below, apex brown.
Antennae ochreish, lightly ciliated in both $ and $ . Thorax whitish-
ochreous, shading into dark brownish-ochreous anteriorly. Abdomen and
legs cinereous, tarsi and tibite marked and dotted with dark brown.

Fore wing pale, terracotta or clayish-ochre ; palest along dorsal
margin, and overlaid with a deeper ochreous shade along costa and outer
third. A narrow black line through middle of wing from just beyond
base, nearly to end of cell, where it diminishes to a hair streak and follows
vein ii nearly to angle. Above the outer end of the thickened part of this
line, at two-thirds length of cell, another wide line begins, and continues
to end of cell, where a narrow spur from its up edge continues in termen
just below apex ; the inner end of this line is somewhat clavate, beyond
its outer end, below the apical spur, is a cloud of whitish, dark brown and-
ochreous scales, between veins v and vii, and over the latter line is a
second spur of black scales, but much broken. The costal fold is nearly
half the length of wing, closely appressed at base, but rolled over at its
outer end ; colour, 'ground colour, but of a more sombre hue ; costa
beyond fold pale ochreous, with five evenly-spaced black dots, below
these are five or six other black dots, not evenly spaced. On the dorsal
margin are about the same number of black dots, closer together about
the middle. A row of similar dots along the termen, and a {qw others
scattered over the wing, several in the ocellic space, one below outer end
of second horizontal line, and a faint line below and paralleling the inner
half of the inner line. Cilia grayish-fuscous, paler basally and mottled
with darker fuscous scales. Hind wing above and below smoky-ochreous,
cilia paler. Under side fore wing smoky-fuscous, paler along costa, where
the dark costal dots are repeated. Cilia paler. The above description is
from an average S , in other specimens the intensity of the dark lines and
dots are less or greater. In one A specimen the dark markings are nearly
obsolete, leaving only a faint basal and faint outer line, no dots at all, while.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. &6

in another the dark marks are intensified and the whole outer upper half
of wing is clouded with dark scales ; the outer end of the outer line
divides into three distinct lines or spurs.

I have but one $ , which differs considerably ftom the ^ . All of the
head, palpi and thorax colouring is much darker. The fore wing is a
dull brown, overlaid on lower half below cell with whitish-gray scales, a
line of these same scales are above and join the internal black line, and
above this is a parallel line of gray-white scales, all the veins beyond the
cell are overlaid with the same, and the intervening spaces rather closely
sp-ckled with them. The outer black line with its spurs is obsolete, but
three or four black dots remain on outer half of costa, and a cluster of
black dots on the ocellic space, of which four are in a vertical row along
termen and three or four before them.

Seven ^ and one 9 specimens. West Manitoba, July, Hanham ;
Illinois, Prof Fernald ; Iowa, U. S. Nat. Mus. Ac. Cat. No. 383.

Co-types in U. S. Nat. Mus., Prof Fernald's and my collections.
~ Eucosma madderana, s]^. nov. — ^ Expanse, 13 to 14 mm. Fore wing
grayish-white. A large rounded brown-madder spot on outer end of
wing, interior of wing washed with fainter shades of this same colour,
especially over the basal area, and an oblique semi-fascia from costa
beyond middle.

Head rough, rose-madder, palpi same, but a shade darker above and
outwardly, tuft compressed, flattened, ovate ; outer joint not hidden, brown.
Antennse cinereous, annulated with a darker shade. Thorax smooth, light
brown- madder, posteriorly and tips of patagia paler. Abdomen pale
fuscous, anal tuft cinereous. Legs steely-fuscous, tibite and tarsi streaked
and spotted with brown-madder.

Fore Vising grayish-white, this ground colour is only distinct before
the ovate terminal spot and on dorsal margin before ocellic space, on the
latter space it is overlaid with darker scales. Basal area, which extends
to inner third at middle and inner fourth on costal and dorsal margins, is
a light pink-madder. From the costa just at and beyond middle, an
oblique flattened ovate spot on fascia of brown-madder crosses wing
towards anal angle, but terminates in a pointed end at vein iii. Between
this spot and basal area the colour is a rosy-madder over the gray-white
ground. A large, ovate brown-madder spot, its outer margin involving
the termen from anal angle to apex, its inner margin curving easily inward
from angle to end of cell, then outward to costa before apex ; veins iv to
viii where they cross this patch are overlaid with fuscous-brown, and where

56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

each terminates on margin are a few yellowish scales, between these is a
dark line on the termen, before the cilia.

Costal fold narrow, not closely appressed, about one-third length of
wing, colour brown-madder. Costa beyond fold same colours as fascia
and patches that touch it. Before the ovate terminal spot the ground
colour is the whitest of any part of the wing, and offers a sharp contrast
to the dark outer spot ; it is divided by a line of madder scales. Cilia
grayish-white, tipped with fuscous.

Hing wing pale smoky-fuscous, slightly darker at apex, where a few
darker scales form a dot ; cilia paler, preceded by a darker, then a paler
line. Under side same, but darker.

Under side fore wing dark smoky-fuscous, dark scales more intense
at apex, shading narrowly into madder on costa before and at apex ; cilia
gray, preceded by a darker and paler line, an additional faint narrow
dark line precedes these ciliate lines on the termen.

Four specimens. Rounthwaile, July, Marmont ; West Manitoba,
Hanham ; Ottawa, Quebec, vi, 26; Regina, Assiniboia, Willing.

Type in my collection.
— Eucosma Heathiana, sp. nov. — Expanse, 17 to 18 mm. Fore wing
cream-white, with a dark fuscous dorsal blotch below fold, not touching
base and ending before ocellic spot.

Head, frontal tuft pure white, tuft between eyes tinged with very pale
brown in some specimens, in others pure white. Palpi pure white,
second joint loosely clothed below and above. Scales below
longer than above, and the ends almost concealing tip at outer
joint, which is obtuse and cream-white. x\ntenn;e white, annulated with
light fuscous. Thorax smooth, white, posteriorly stained with fuscous,
this darker shade concentrated in form of a dark dot on each side of
dorsal line. Abdomen and legs cream-white, tarsi annulated with fuscous.

Fore wing cream-white, a conspicuous dark fuscous blotch occupies
all the space between fold and dorsal margin, except at extreme base and
ocellic spot. In the most strongly-marked specimens the dark shade is
sharply defined by the line of the fold as far as end of cell, beyond it
slightly swells upward, terminating in a rounded spot before the ocellic
space. In less strongly-marked speciriiens the white ground colour more
or less overlaps the fold, reducing the width of the dark blotch. This
fuscous blotch is more or less overlaid with black scales • the latter are
more frequent in the rounded process at the outer end. Costa from A^
fold to apex dotted with about ten brownish to black short dashes, nearly

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 57

evenly spaced; from each alternate dash a dark-cream or pale-brown line
runs obliquely towards termen, the first merging into second before
reaching termen, the three outer ones merging and reaching termen just
below apex ; the lines are nearly obsolete in some specimens. Between
these lines, along costa, the white ground colour has a shining iridescent
appearance. The ocellic spot is of the same shining white, enclosing a
cream or very pale-brown centre, and contains three short, horizontal
black dashes, vertical to each other, with two similar black dashes before
the ocellus. These black dashes are easily removed, in some slightly
rubbed specimens. Some or all are entirely missing. Cilia cream-white,
thickly powdered with dark-gray atoms. Hind wing, above and beneath,
very pale fuscous, cilia white, with a faint fuscous line beyond ba'=e.

Under side fore wing shining brassy-fuscous, costa narrowly white,
cilia cream-white.

Eleven specimens. ^ and 9 • Cartwright, Manitoba, E. Firmstone
Heath ; Washington Co., Arkansas, July and August, A. J. Brown. I
take much pleasure in dedicating this species to the Dean of our Canadian
entomologists. The species is one of the strongly protected kind, and
doubtless when at rest on a leaf, with wings folded, it as closely resembles
"a bird-dropping as the well-known Stenoma Schlcegeri, Zell., which it
superficially resembles.

Co-types : Mr. Heath's and my collection.

Thiodia ochrotermenana, sp. nov.— Expanse, ii to 15.5 mm. Fore
wing, inner three-quarters mottled black, ocellic spot and termen, including
apex, dull ochreous.

Head rough, brownish-ochreous. Palpi flattened, compressed, third
joint not exposed, brownish-ochreous, stained with darker brown in front
and below, and streaks of same colour on outer sides towards base.
Antennae, basal joints light brown, outer joints dentate in ^ , simple in 9 ,
dark fuscous.

Thorax ochreous-brown anteriorly, patagia same, a dark brown streak
on posterior half of thorax. Abdomen cinereous, anal tuft clearer yellow.
Legs cinereous, tibiae and tarsi annulated and streaked with blackish-
brown.

Fore wing, inner two-thirds to three-quarters dull black, flecked with a
few brown scales, and with darker-black lines, like watered silk. A few
brown scales at extreme base, a i&w about middle of wing on lower half,
and two paler spots on costa beyond middle, each enclosing a darker dot.
The ocellic space and above it to apex, including the cilia, is dull ochreous.

58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

This ochreous shade begins on costa about one-sixth before apex, as a
light ochreous spot with black centre, the division line continues
obliquely inward nearly to end of cell, thence to dorsal margin, vvhich it
reaches at outer three-quarters ; the internal boundary on the lower half
is dark brown, the ocellic space beyond is definsd by a large U-shaped
mark of shining ochreous scales, a narrow horizontal bar and a few black
specks of black cross this space, above it, to costa, the ochreous colour is
paler than the colour of extreme termen and cilia, but is more or less
mottled with shining as well as darker scales. The extreme edge of costa,
when viewed from the front, is ochreous its entire length, but interrupted
by numerous black scales. The basal area is not defined. Hind wing
smoky cinereous, darker towards apex and termen, cilia paler, preceded
by a darker, then by a paler line; beneath cinereous. Fore wing beneath
smoky black, with four geminated ochreous spots on outer half, and a few
single spots of same colour on inner half of costa. Gray below the fold.
Cilia ochreous, and a few ochreous scales are scattered along the termen.

Thirty-five specimens, (^ and 9 ■ Rounthwaite, Manitoba, July,
Marmonl; Montreal, viii, 15, A. F. Winn; Chicago, lUs., September, J. H.
Reading; Winchenden, Mass., ix, r, and New Brighton, Pa., viii, 6 to
10, F. A. Merrick ; Nicholson, Pa., viii, 5, A. E. Lister ; Piummer's Isl.,
Md., viii, 10, A. Busck ; Montclair and Essex Co., N. J , viii, 20 to 26,
Kearfott.

Co-types : U. S. Nat. Mus., and in collections of Merrick, Lister and
Kearfott.

- Proteopteryy: Criddieana, sp. nov. — Expanse, 13 to 17 mm. Fore
wing whitish-gray, with a bold blackish-gray basal area, sharply angulated
outwardly, and a shade of dark colour from end of cell to apex.

Head gray, speckled with fuscous above, face white, palpi, tuft on
second joint flattened, rounded above and below, outer half of third joint
exposed ; whitish-gray, speckled with fuscous above and on outer sides, a
strong streak of blackish through middle of tuft from base on the outer
side. Antennae grayish, annulated with fuscous. Thorax smooth, gray,
heavily overlaid with black scales in some specimens, patagia same.
Abdomen gray, anal tuft cinereous. Legs whitish, fore and middle pairs
annulated and streaked with black.

Fore wing : ^ costal fold narrow, over one-third length of wing, not
closely appressed, in several specimens the tuft is expanded fan-like in
front of the costa, and fold bent under the costa. Colour whitish-gray,
with wave-like shades of cinereous-gray on the outer two-thirds, nearly

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59

paralleling the outer margin of basal area. The latter is large, and is the
only distinctly-defined marking on the wing ; it consists of black scales
heavily overlaying the ground colour, and on costa extends to inner
fourth, angulated sharply outward to middle of cell, where it reaches inner
third of wing, thence obliquely inward to dorsal margin ; it is indented
once above and twice below middle. The costal fold is ground colour,
with four or five black spots. Costa beyond fold ground colour, with
faint streaks of cinereous ; towards and at apex and before termen these
streaks are more distinct and of an olivaceous cinereous shade. A more
or less illy-defined shade of blackish scales begins in the extreme apex and
runs obliquely to end of cell ; in darkest specimens, usually females, the
dark scales forming this shade are roughly grouped in two irregular spots,
one involving the apex and nearly to end of cell, the other over end of
cell and nearly reacliing apex of basal area. Ocelh'c spot not clenrly
defined. An irregular vertical bar of lustrous-whitish scales before, and
another shorter horizontal bar above the space, a few scales of the same
below apex. On the darkest specimens the dorsal margin is dotted with
black, in paler specimens these dots are cinereous. Cilia grayish-fuscous,
preceded on upper half by a narrow black marginal line, twice interrupted,
darker below middle. Hind wing, above and below, smoky-cinereous,
darker towards apex, cilia a shade lighter, preceded by a darker, then a
paler line.

Under side fore wing smoky-fuscous, grayish-white along costa; cilia
grayish-fuscous.

Seventeen specimens, male and female, sixteen from Norman Criddle,
Aweme, Manitoba, vii, 24, to viii, 13, and one from L. E. Marmont,
Rounthwaite, Manitoba, July. I take great pleasure in giving Mr.
Criddle's name to this species, as a slight appreciation of his thorough and
systematic work in these minute specimens.

Co-types : Marmont's, Cnddle's and Heath's and in my collection.

Hysterosia Mtrrickana, ^'^. nov. — Expanse, ^ 191025 mm., $ 22
to 26 mm. Light-brownish-fuscoup, outer fourth of tore wing dark brown,
an oblique streak of the darker colour arising from dorsum a fifth beyond
base, and absorbed in ground colour between middle and upper edge of
cell.

Head cinereous, a dot of blackish above eye, beneath base of
antennse. Palpi long, once and a half the length of head, slender, second
joint rather closely clothed, above and beneath, tuft longer below, outer
joint less than half length of second, exposed ; cinereous, dotted with

60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

brown on outside. Antennae, basal joint large, black, outer joint pectinate
in J , simple in 9 , fuscous.

Thorax smooth, cinereous, patagia brown. Abdomen and anal tuft
cinereous ; legs same, thickly dotted and streaked with dark brown.

Fore wing : costa moderately arched, apex rounded, termen straight.
Colour in some specimens cinereous-brown to cinereous-gray, in others
reticulated all over the surface with fine darker lines. A prominent
dark-brown or blackish-brown patch involves the outer fourth, its inner
edge begins on costa at three-quarters and proceeds obliquely to anal
angle, the division line is slightly concave inwardly. cJ costal fold less
than one-third length of wing, narrow, compressed dark brown. Costa
between fold and dark outer patch with seven or eight obscure blackish
dots. Sometimes two or three about the middle of costa form a darker
shade. From dorsum at inner fourth a streak of brown goes obliquely
towards costa, and merges in this middle costal shade ; this streak is
sharply defined inwardly, but outwardly it is gradually lost in the giound
colour ; width differs in different specimens, in some it is a narrow band,
in others it is distinctly defined for a space equal to a sixth the length of
wing. Female specimens are generally several shades darker in all par-
ticulars. Ocellic spot not defined, before the ocellic space a quadrate
spot of a darker shade than the ground colour, and above it a similar
smaller spot. Dorsal margin dotted with black. Two small black dots at
end of cell, oblique to each other. The outer dark patch contains three
darker dots on costa, and one below costa, a darker reticulation before its
inner margin. The basal area is paler than any other portion of the wing.
Cilia fuscous.

Hind wing pale fuscous, closely reticulated with darker fuscous, cilia
fuscous, preceded by a paler line, hind wing beneath the same, but
reticulations more distinct, cilia cinereous.

Fore wing beneath dark smoky-fuscous, costa dotted with cinereous,
cilia latter colour.

Eight males, five females. Cartwright, Manitoba, viii, 3, Heath ;
Cincinnati, Ohio, viii, 30, Miss Braun ; Algonquin, Illinois, viii, 4-5, W.
A. Nason, M. D.; Mt. Desert, Me., Fcrnald ; New Brighton, Penna., vii,
22, to viii, 31, Frank A. Merrick, whose name I take pleasure in honouring.

Co types : Collections of Fernald, Braun, Merrick, and Kearfott.
This species is of the same general appearance as H, inopiana, Haw.
The latter, however, lacks the conspicuous terminal patch.

(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J,

(Continued from page 60.)

Evetria Siskiyouana^ sp. nov.

Head pale ochreous, a dash of dark brown behind antenna and a
darker shade above eye ; palpi pale ochreous within, dark brown outside,
changing to black at apex ; antenna smoky-black, whitish between joints,
basal joint ochreous-brown ; abdomen brownish-fuscous ; legs ochreous-
white, heavily shaded and banded with blackish-brown.

Fore wing evenly spotted with grayish-ochreous ; the margins of the
spots are usually shining, and are frequently overlaid with ochreous and
ochreous-brown. They are separated by irregular horizontal and vertical
black lines. There are four to five irregular vertical rows of spots; where
each touches the costa they usually do so as a geminate spot, enclosing a
dot of dark brown. Terminal line dark brown, preciliate line black,
inwardly edged with whitish, cilia leaden-gray, cut by two dashes of
whitish beneath apex.

Hind wing smoky-brown, cilia dark gray ; under side dark brown,
clouded with whitish, with dark brown spots on costa before apex
and terminal line of same colour below apex. Under side fore wing
smoky-brown, with dark brown costal spots, separated by cream-white.
The description is of the Siskiyou specimen ; the one from Oregon is
darker, head and palpi dark gray and brown, the spots on fore wing are
more overlaid with brown, especially on upper half; but I do not believe
they are other than local races of the same species.

Expanse, 21-22 mm.

Two o specimens : Siskiyou Co., California ; Oregon, Koebele ;
both from U. S. Natl. Mus. collections.

Co-type U. S. Natl. Mus.

The larvse of this species are probably borers in the twigs or cones of
Conifera.

Eucosma Denverana, sp. nov.

Head and palpi cream-white, the latter a shade darker outwardly and
below ; antenna cream-white ; thorax light brown, finely speckled with
white ; abdomen and legs creamy-white, latter dusted with dark brown.

Fore wing light brassy-brown, speckled evenly all over with white
scales, a darker shade on costa at base, and a faintly darker shade on

March, 1907.

78 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

inner fourth of dorsum. Cilia very pale fuscous-brown, heavily dotted
with whitish scales, with an indistinct darker line at base.

Hind wing light smoky-brown, long hairs at base yellowish, cilia
whitish, with a darker basal shade; under side the same, but whiter below
middle of wing. Under side fore wing brassy-gray, white below fold, cilia
white.

Expanse, 24-28 mm.

Five specimens, all Denver, Colo., four from Dr. Barnes's collection,
received from U. S. Natl. Mus., and collected by E. J. Oslar; one collected
by Dyar and Caudell.

Eucosma tomoniifia, sp. nov.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax hoary-gray; abdomen and legs light
cinereous-gray, latter dusted with coppery-brown.

Fore wing hoary-gray, with two blackish-brown dorsal spots. Even
under a lens the ground colour is almost uniform, with but very faint
strigulations. The costa is streaked with long lines of grayish-brown; one
from just beyond middle goes to anal angle, beyond this is a short dash,
then a longer line that curves outwardly and ends in middle of termen,
enclosing the rounded ocellic area ; between the latter line and apex are
two shorter lines that join beneath costa, and continue as a single line to
termen beneath apex. The gray ground separating these faint brown lines
is slightly shining, and on the costa, in each of the gray interspaces, is a
narrow darker dash. Below the middle the ocellic area is shining gray, in
which are a few horizontal black dashes. The dorsal spots are very con-
spicuous on the light ground colour; the inner is a flattened triangle with
narrow base, on inner third of dorsum ; it curves obliquely outward, the
upper end, as a fine line, reaching middle of wing ; the outer spot is
ovate, with its broadest and flat side between outer third of dorsum and
anal angle ; it does not extend beyond lower fourth. Cilia speckled gray_

Hind wing light smoky-gray, paler beneath costa, cilia whitish-gray ;
under side the same, faintly reticulated at outer end. Under side fore wing
smoky-fuscous, whitish beneath fold.

Expanse, 12-15 mm.

Eight specimens, Montclair and Essex Co., Park, N. J., Light Trap,
Aug. 21 to Sept. II ; one specimen, Westmount, Quebec, Canada.

--— Eucosma gO}no?tana, sp. nov.

Head and palpi whitish-gray, latter a shade darker outside ; thorax
whitish-gray, mottled with darker gray, ends of patagia white ; antenna

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 79

whitish-gray ; abdomen light cinereous, upper side of middle segment
gray, anal tuft yellowish ; legs whitish, dusted with dark brown.

Fore wing fuscous-brown, crossed by shining gray fascise. The dark
basal area on dorsum extends to inner third, goes slightly outward to
middle, then inward to inner fourth of costa ; it is somewhat mottled with
lighter scales, which form an abbreviated fascia on the dorsal half. Beyond
is a broad shining gray fascia, divided vertically by a fine line of brown,
and on upper half of wing each side is subdivided by a brown line from
costa ; its outer edge is slightly convex between costa and fold, widening
below fold to dorsum, which it reaches just before anal angle. Beyond is
a narrow fascia of brown, beginning as a line from costa and ending at
anal angle, where it is half the width of the preceding gray fascia, and of
about equal width to a gray fascia which follows it ; the latter begins as a
geminate spot on outer third of costa, it is slightly constricted at upper
third ; the ground colour on either side of its lower half contains a few
black scales. Following is a broad brown spot on costa, diminishing to a
line below middle and ending in lower third of termen. Before the apex
is a broad gray costal spot, which curves into termen below apex, on its
lower edge it connects with a gray spot in the ocellic area. The apical
spot is brown, and a streak of the same colour runs before termen to anal
angle. Cilia dark gray, with a darker basal line, which is followed by a
thin whitish line.

Hind wing light grayish-brown, cilia whitish, with a darker line near
base ; under side the same. Under side fore wing smoky-black, gray
below fold.

Expanse, 8-i i mm.

Twenty specimens: Essex Co. Park and Watchung Mountains, Essex
and Passaic Counties, New Jersey, April 20 to May 15.

Eucosma domonatia, sp. nov.

Head, palpi, thorax and antenna light cinereous-gray ; abdomen
beneath and anal tuft same colour, above leaden-gray ; legs ringed and
dusted with bronzy-brown.

Fore wing bronzy-brown, finely speckled with whitish-yellow ; the few
spots and fascia are of the ground colour, with the whitish scales absent.
There is a dark spot between fold and dorsum before middle ; a narrow
dark fascia from middle of costa to anal angle, three dark costal spots
between the fascia and a dark spot in apex ; between each two of the
costal spots is a yellowish-white geminate dash. The terminal line is

80 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

black, bordered by a broader brown streak below the middle; the terminal
line is cut by two white dashes below apex ; there are two similar whitish
dashes, one above and one below the anal angle, but they do not cut
through the terminal line. Between the inner dark spot and the fascia, in
the lower half of wing, the whitish specks are somewhat thickened, making
a paler middle dorsal patch. Cilia dark gray, paler at base.

Hind wing smoky-brown, cilia same, with a paler line at base; under
side both wings the same, with whitish costal dashes repeated on upper
wing.

Expanse, 11-12 mm.

Two specimens, Framingham, Mass., June 10, C. A. Frost.

Eucostna zomojiann, sp. nov.

Head and palpi cinereous-brown ; antenna grayish-white ; thorax
cinereous-brown, whitish on posterior end and patagia ; abdomen grayish-
brown, anal tuft yellowish ; legs gray, thickly dusted and banded with
brown.

Fore wing shining gray, with an outwardly obhque dark brown fascia
from inner third of dorsum to middle of wing, a long, outwardly convex
brown fascia from between inner third and mi^ddle of costa to anal angle ;
the lower half is much darker than the upper; a brown shade from end of
cell into apex, flatly triangular, the points being at end of cell and apex
and the flattened base uppermost ; the inner end sometimes connects with
the dark spot of the dark fascia ; this shade and the dark spot define
inwardly and above a shining whitish-gray ocellic spot, in the middle of
which are two or thre.e horizontal dark brown lines. From outer third
of costa are several shining whitish-gray oblique streaks ; in the
lightest specimens the streak before the apex cuts through the dark
shade. The termen is bordered by a whitish-gray fascia. Cilia paler,
shining gray.

Hind wing smoky-gray, cilia lighter, preceded by a darker basal line;
under side the same ; under side fore wing darker.

Expanse, 11-15 mm.

Five specimens : New Brighton, Beaver Co., Penna., May 22 to June

6, and Aug. 23 to Sept. 14, F. A. Merrick. One of these specimens was

identified at the U. S. National Museum, for Mr, Merrick, as E.

'^«/^<^r^z/m/fl!;/a, Wlsm., and one as E. solicitana^ \^2W., but they do not

resemble either of these species.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81

Epinotia Waichu/igana, sp. nov.

Head blackish-brown on sides and face, whitish-gray on top ; palpi
whitish-gray, streaked with blackish-brown outside above, and speckled
with same colour below ; apical joint black outside, with a grayish bloom
within ; antenna brownish-gray ; thorax mottled whitish-gray and blackish-
brown ; the base of patagia is dark and a dark spot before the whitish end
of posterior tuft, a fine dark median line ; thorax light brown, with over-
lapping rings of whitish scales ; legs whitish, banded and dusted with
bronzy-black.

Fore wing mottled light fuscous gray and black, the latter partly of a
brCwnish tinge. The most conspicuous mark is the ocellus, which is large)
rounded, and occupies the lower two-thirds of the outer fourth ; it is
grayish-white, vertical side bars shining, and is crossed by four or five
horizontal short black lines. Below the apex on costa is a V-shaped
whitish mark that connects with a geminate whitish dash in termen and
cilia below apex, below costa this mark is shining ; it encloses a rounded
pale brown, overlaid with fine black lines, apical spot. The costa from
base to apex is marked with black and whitish spots and dashes, usually
geminate ; from a larger one beyond the middle a black line runs beneath
the outer costal spots, turning down below apex and merging in a pale
brown streak, overlaid with fine black lines, that lies between upper edge of
ocellus and termen. On the middle of dorsum there is an oblique whitish
patch reaching above fold, but not to middle ; it is streaked with darker
lines. Before this is a strong black shade, which on inner side obscurely
connects with a circle of black scales on lower half of wing close to base.
The extreme dorsal edge is gray, dotted with black. A brownish streak
runs from outer third of costa to anal angle. Cilia at apex whitish, below
the geminate dashes gray finely speckled with black.

Hind wing whitish except around apex and termen, dark gray, cilia
white, with a darker line near base ; under side whitish, with a few dark
specks along costa. Under side fore wing smoky-brown, with costal spots
and ciliate dashes repeated.

Expanse, 12-16 mm.

Thirty-five specimens, nearly all from Watchung Hills, Essex Co., N.
J., April 21 to May 8 ; Gloucester Co., N. J., April 30, F. Haimbach ;
Grimsby, Out., J. Pettit ; New Brighton, Pa., Mar. 22-April 18, F. A.
Merrick; Cincinnati, Ohio, April 22, Miss Braun.

Co-type in U. S. Natl. Mus.

82 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Tortrix Baboquavariana^ sp. nov.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax shades of ochreous- brown and
yellowish-ochreous; abdomen grayish-fuscous above, pale ochreous on side
and anal tuft ; legs pale ochreous.

Fore wing light yellowish ochreous, somewhat shining and with a slight
pinkish tinge; marked with well-defined ochreous-brown spots and narrow
fascise; these are usually edged with darker brown, and occur as follows:
A crescentiform fiiscia from lower half of base to above middle of wing,
extending outward to inner fourth. A narrow diminishing fascia from middle
of costa obliquely outward towards lower side of termen, but at lower
quarter turning downward and reaching dorsum before anal angle. On
the middle of dorsum is a large rounded spot, reaching nearly to middle
of wing ; in some specimens a spur from its upper end connects with the
angle of the fascia. From costa before apex a fascia, slightly curving
inward, ends at lower third of termen. The inner fourth of costa is shaded
with dark brown, and a spot of same colour occurs in second quarter, also
a dot of the same colour between the two fasciae. There are a few dark
scales before the apex. Cilia concolorous, dotted with brown.

Hind wing olivaceous-fuscous, with a fine yellowish terminal line,
whitish above cell, cilia grayish-white; under side grayish-white; under side
fore wing darker gray, with spots faintly repeated, cilia light ochreous.

Expanse, 9-10 mm.

Four specimens: Baboquavaria Mts., Pima Co., Arizona, July 15-30,
1903, collected by O. C Poling.

Tortrix iotnonana, sp. nov.

Head smoky-brown, antenna base black; palpi smoky-brown outside,
cream colour inside, apical joint black ; antenna yellowish-white ; thorax
black, transversely streaked with white; abdomen and legs light ochreous,
latter banded with blackish-brown.

Fore wing : Basal area and a large median costal spot dark fuscous,
dotted with black, gray and whitish scales ; an oblique middle fascia and
large ovate terminal spot white. The outer edge of basal area starts at
inner fourth ot costa, proceeds obliquely outward to middle of wing, then
nearly straight to dorsal margin between inner third and middle; the edge
is very finely dentate. The outer dark spot is roughly triangular, on costa
it extends from middle to outer seventii ; its inner edge is parallel with
upper half of basal edge ; its lower point is about one-fifth above dorsum
and nearly opposite anal angle ; the outer edge curves inward at middle

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 83

of wing, and the spot is crossed by a line of ochreous-yellow, over which
are a few black scales. The upper half of the middle white fascia is rather
heavily reticulited with fuscous and dirty white, the former colour starting
as three streaks from costa. The outer white patch connects the fascia
below the triangular dark spot ; it is marked with a few black dots on
dorsum, and a streak of faint yellowish scales before the termen. There
is a black terminal line, cut by two white dashes below apex, that ends
above anal angle. Cilii white, outwardly tipped with fuscous.

Hind wing whitish, reticulated with very light fuscous ; under side
the same. Under side fore wing smoky-black, paler on costa and dotted
with black.

Expanse, 18-19 mm.

Two specimens, Victoria, B. C, Oct. 2, Dr. Wm. Barnes's collection,
received through U. S. Natl. Mus. One co-type returned to Natl. Mus.
-— Phalonia romonana, sp. nov.

Head bleached straw-yellow, faintly darker on sides ; palpi same
colour, shaded with light brown outside ; antenna light gray-fuscous ;
thorax a shade darker than head ; abdomen dark gray, anal tuft tipped
with yellowish; legs bleached straw, shaded with blackish-brown.

Fore wing; an inner and outer fascia of shining light pinkish-yellow ;
a basal patch, central fascia and terminal fascia of dull olivaceous-ochreous.
The basal patch extends to inner fifth on costa and dorsum, its edge is
irregular but nearly straight, close to base it is overlaid with shining scales.
The four fasciae beyond it are of nearly equal width and nearly parallel
edges ; the divisional lines are oblique from costa inward, and curved
outwardly below costa. There is a conspicuous patch of black scales from
end of cell at middle, along outer edge of middle fascia to below fold, with
a line of black across fascia, in fold. Beyond this black patch a streak of
the dull colour crosses the outer shining fascia, obliquely to anal angle.
The dorsal margin is dotted with black between inner fourth and outer
fifth. The inner third of costal edge is black, also above the middle fascia,
and with two black dots above the outer fascia ; there are one or two
black dots before termen in middle of wing. The terminal dull fascia is
outwardly streaked with shining lines. Cilia concolorous, shining.

Hind wing purplish-gray, cilia whitish ; under side paler gray, lightly
reticulated with darker lines below costa and before termen. Under side
fore wing dark purplish-gray, spotted with dull ochreous on costa, cilia
dull ochreous, divided by a broad purplish line.

Expanse, 7.5-1 1 mm.

84 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Thirty specimens : Essex Co., Park, N. J., August 13 to Sept. 17,
Light Trap ; Chicago, III., Sept., J. H. Reading ; Aweme, Manitoba, July
5, Norman Criddle ; Plummer's Island, Md., August, A. Busck.

Co^typejn U. S. Natl. Mus. "^Hoo^

Phalotiia fiomonana, sp. nov.

Head and palpi dirty white, latter brownish outside ; thorax gray and "
brownish-black ; antenna fuscous, basal joint blackish-brown ; abdomen
and legs yellowish-white, latter heavily powdered with leaden-black.

Fore wing shining brownish-gray. There is a broad central semi-fascia,
with parallel edges from inner third of dorsum to- upper edge of cell, out-
wardly oblique, and indented on upper edge outside, colour blackish-
brown. This is the only conspicuous mark on the wing. The costa from,
base to outer third is a darker shade and closely dotted with black ;
between outer fifth and apex are three or four darker dots. The dorsum
is dotted with small blackish spots. There is an obscure streak of reddish-
brown from beyond middle of cell to anal angle. There is a blackish
narrow terminal line, with a few dark dots before it in the middle of wing.
Cilia concolorous, divided by a darker middle line.

Hind wing shining light gray, cilia same, with a darker line near base;
under side the same, lightly reticulated before apex. Under side fore
wing shining smoky-black.

Expanse, 15 mm.

One ^ specimen, Carmel, California, April, A. H. Vachell.
— Hysterosia homofiana, sp. nov.

Head, palpi, thorax and antenna cream-white, outside of palpi, base
and upper side of antenna brown. Abdomen and legs light cinereous,
latter shaded with brown.

Fore wing : Male costal fold brown ; balance of wing creamy-yellow,
very sparsely dotted with light brown, and strigulated in outer third with
shining white ; between these lines the ground colour is a shade darker
than on inner half of wing. A purplish-black dot in middle of wing at
end of cell. Cilia concolorous. In several specimens the light brown
specks are entirely wanting, the wing is immaculate except the brown costal
fold, the discal dot and the shining strigulation beyond cell.

Hind wing very light yellowish white, lightly strigulated in some
specimens ; under side the same. Under side fore wing smoky-brown,
costal edge and cilia light ochreous.

Expanse, 19-23 mm.

Twenty-three specimens, Verdi, Nev., June, all collected by Arthur
H. Vachell.

(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 121

NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY \V. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCI-AIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 84.)

Hysterosia Merrickana, Kearf. — I desire to limit the type of tliis
species, a?ite page 59, to the specimens from New Brighton, Pa.,
consisting of four males and two females, the former expanding 24-26
mm. and tlie latter 26-28 mm. I have two examples from Montclair,
which seem to be identical with those from New Brighton, but there is
sufficient variation in the specimens from the other localities to warrant
separating them, at least for the present, or until longer series or breeding
may prove them to be merely local races or distinct species.

Until recently I have identified all of the ochreous-gray and ochreous-
brown specimens, having the characteristic dark oblique line from the
inner fourth to dorsal margin, and a paler basal area before it, as H.
ijiopiana, Haw.; but the accumulation of over one hundred specimens
from many different localities makes it possible to separate them into a
number of apparently different forms. The following may be added now,
and later it may be thought advisable to characterize eight or ten
additional forms which seem to be different :
— Hysterosia komonana, sp. nov.

Head and palpi grayish-white, latter lightly shaded with brown outside,
antenna gray, basal joint ochreous brown ; thorax whitish-fawn; abdomen
light yellowish-gray, segments 6 and 7 light fuscous, anal tuft whitish-
fawn ; legs whitish-fawn, dusted and banded with bronzy-brown.

Fore wing : Fold brown; an ochreous-brown shade from inner fifth of
dorsum turns under costa at middle, without reaching it; before this shade
the basal area is whitish-fawn ; beyond the shade the whitish-fawn ground
colour is strigulated with light brown. A darker dot at end of cell in
middle of wing. The dark strigulations are somewhat closer together in
apical end of wing, but not suHicient to form the dark-apical patch that is
so characteristic of this genus. Cilia concolorous, but shining.

Hind wing yellowish-gray, reticulated with light brown, cilia paler,
with a darker line near base ; under side the .same. Under side fore wing
light ochreous-brown.

Expanse, 22-26 mm.

Nine specimens : Alma, Santa Clara Co., California, J. G. Grundel ;
Stockton, Utah, Tom Spalding.

April, 1907

122 THE CANAPIAK ENTOMOLf GIST.

Hysterosia waracana, sj). nov.

Head, palpi and thorax cream fawn, palpi darker on outside; antenna
leaden-brown ; abdomen yellowish-white, fuscous on two segments before
anal segment, with whitish lateral tufts, anal tuft ochreous 3 legs whitish,
dusted and banded with brown.

Fore wing very pale yellowish-fawn, with only a suggestion of a paler
oblique basal line. Cilia the same.

Hind wing purplish-gray, not strigulated, cilia white, divided near base
by a fuscous darker line; under side the same, but very faintly strigulated.
Under side fore wing ochreous with a purplish tinge, lighter along costa.

The females are darker than the males, fore wing ochreous-fawn ;
hind wing darker purplish-gray.

Expanse, 15-19 mm.

Two male and six female specimens : Regina, Assa., July 15, collected
by Dr. James Fletcher; Prince Albert, T. N. Willing.
- — Hysterosia I'iscana, sp. nov.

Head light yellowish-brown ; palpi cream-white inside and upper
edge, fuscous brown outside and outer ends ; antenna yellowish-gray ;
thorax light yellowish-brown, sides of tuft fuscous-brown, posterior end
of tuft whitish ; abdomen grayish-fuscous, anal tuft pale ochreous ; legs
ocl-.reous-white, dusted and banded with dark fuscous-brown.

Fore wing gray, heavily irrorated with bronzy-black. There is an
oblique narrow white streak from dorsum near base to upper end of cell,
about inner third; before this streak the dark scales are lessened, causing a
gray shade, beyond it they are increased, resulting in a darker shade. The
apical area, from outer'fourth of costa to anal angle, is darker than the rest
of wing ; before it is a narrow fascia paler than the area before it ; this
fascia broadens out on dorsal margin, with a spot of whitish scales on anal
angle, with a ^t\\ black dots on its outer edge. Cilia bronzy-gray.

Hind wins; bronzy gray, strigulated with darker vertical lines, cilia
whitish-gray, with a narrow light basal line, beyond which is a broader
dark line ; under side very light brownish-white, with strigulations much
stronger than upper side. Under side fore wing smoky-bronzy fu?cous,
paler on costa, with a dark spot at end of each vein, the one at vein 10
the largest and darkest.

Expanse, 14-19 mm. •

Three specimens : Essex Co., Park, New Jersey, Light Trap, July 2 ;
Glenburn, Pa., July 10 and 20, A. E. Lister,

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 12:^

This is allied to H. Menickana, K. It can be separated by the edge
defining the dark apical area, which in Merrickana is straight, and in
riscana at upper third turns, gi:)es to costa vertically, making a hump at
that point.
~ Hysterosia tiscana, sp. no v.

Expanse, ^ 15-18 mm, $ 17-19 mm.

Head grayish-ochreous ; palpi grayish-white inside, bronzy-black
outside ; antenna brownish-fuscous , middle of thorax and patagia bright
ochreous-brown, edged on side with blackish-brown, the posterior tips of
the scales whitish ; abdomen grayish-fuscous, anal tuft cinereous ; legs
whitish, banded and dusted with bronzy-black.

Fore wing mottled shades of gray, fuscous and bronzy-black. The
oblique liiie from dorsum at inner fourth is almost obsolete, being a more
intense blackish siiade on the dark ground colour ; it is, however, sharply
outlined on basal side by streak of whitish, mixed with a few ochreous
scales. Tliere are tliree black lines in the apical fourth, beginning on costa
and coming nearly together at tornus. These lines are edged with
ochreous, and vertical ochreous striguhe cross the wing, especially on the
lower half, between these lines and the base. At the end of cell is an
angulated cluster of black scales, margined with white, and betvveen it and
the inner of the three black lines is a parallel short black line in middle of
wing. Between the middle black line and termen the ground colour is
whitish-gray. Terminal line black, cut by three dashes from as many small
white spots in tornus. Cilia gray.

Hind wing pale gray, cilia the same, with a darker basal line ; under
side gray, heavily reticulated with bronzy-brown. Under side fore wing
smoky-black, spotted with dull ochreous on costa, terminal line black,
preceded by a dull ochreous line. The females are much darker, thorax
and fore wing almost uniform bronzy-black, without any paler markings.

Five males and four females, Essex County Park, N. J., Aug 1-22 ;
Tight trap.

Hysterosia Cartwrig/itana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 18-24 mm.

Head and thorax light brownish-ochreous ; palpi whitish inside, light
brownish-ochreous outside, shaded anteriorly with bronzy-brown ; antenna
brownish-fuscous ; abdomen ochreous-fuscous ; legs wliitish, banded and
dusted with bronzy blark.

124 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Fore wing light ochreous-browii, shaded wiili yellowish-fawn below
the fold, and with grayish on the outer half of wing. The datk shades and
line are bronzy-black. The dorsal oblique shade from inner fourth is
distinct, and ends in a horizontal dark dash in middle of cell. The basal
shade before it is whitish. Beyond the middle the costa is marked with
four dull ochreous spots and a fifth in apex; from between each of these
irregular lines of blackish scales cross the wing. From the end of the cell
a dark shade extends to the termen, beginning as a point in the middle
of wing, and increasing In width until at termen it extends from apex
nearly to dorsum. The space above and below it is by contrast paler.
Cilia ochreous-gray, cut between each two veins by a lighter streak.

Hind wing grayish-white to fuscous-gray, cilia paler, preceded by a
darker line ; under side ochreous-gray, heavily reticulated with dark
brown. Under side fore wing smoky-brown, costa doited with dull
ochreous.

Six specimens, Cartwright, Manitoba, F. I'^irmstone Heath.
Hysterosia Pecosana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 20-25 ram.

Head and pal[)i ochreous-brown, latter paler inside; antenna grayish-
fuscous; abdomen ochreous-brown, anal tuft whitish; legs whitish, banded
with bronzy-black.

Fore wing almost uniformly light ochreous-brown. There is a vvhitish
shade before the dark oblique shade from inner fourth of dorsum; the dark
shade is only conspicuous at its ui)per end, where it forms a dark spot in
the middle of the wing ; there is a similar dark brown spot at end of cell;
beyond which are some dark vertical strigulations. Cilia whitish-ochreous.

Hind wing ochreous-gray, cilia paler, with a darker basal line; under
side the same, very faintly strigulated with a darker shade. Under side
fore wing smoky-brown.

Three specimens. South-west Colorado, July 26, W. G, Dietz ;
Beulah, New Mexico, Ji-dy, Cockerell ; Pecos, New Mexico, at light, Aug.
16, Cockerell.

The description is from the Colorado specimen. The one from New
^Mexico is more distinctly marked on costa with blackish dots, and below
fold with blackish strigulations.
~ ■ Carposifia Ottawatia, sp. nov.

Expanse, 16-17 mm.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 125

Head dark gray, whitish in front ; ])alpi whitish inside, ochreous,
dotted with bronzy-brown outside ; antenna bronzy-gray ; thorax bronzy-
gray, posterior end whitish-gray ; abdomen dark shining fuscous above,
anal tuft dull ochreous ; legs whitish, dusted and banded with bronzy-
brown.

Fore wing shades of gray and fuscous. There is a whitish-gray
basal pa'.ch, extending in middle of wing to inner third, with a small
bronzy-brown spot on dorsum at base, and another above it in middle of
wing extending to costa. The costal edge is slightly darker gray, and is
marked with six large bronzy-brown spots between inner third and apex.
At the end of cell there are two spots, vertical to each other, of dark brown
raised scales, shaded with whitish outwardly. In the fold beyond middle
of wing is a short blackish line, above which is a cluster of grayish raised
scales, edged outwardly with white. Below tlie fold, on inner third, is a
small blackish dot. There are a few black dots on the outer fourth of
wing, below the costal spots, and an irregular line of black dots before
termen. Cilia dark, speckled gray.

Hind wing smoky-gray, ciHa same but sliining ; under side paler.
Under side fore wing dark smoky gray.

One c5 ^'id two $ specimens, Ottawa, Canada, June 20, C. H.
Young.

The fore wings , of this species are narrow, but less pointed than
crescentella, Wlsm.; it resembles crescentel/a, but is generally darker, and
the crescent-shaped row of black spots with the white character before
them are entirely wanting.
--- Proteopteryx movionana, sp. nov.

Expanse, iS-S-iS mm.

Head ochreous-gray ; paljii cinereous brown outside and in front,
inside dirty white ; antenna ochreous-brown ; thorax grayish-brown ;
patagia ochreous-brown ; abdomen fuscous above, silvery-white below and
on sides ; legs whitish, dusted and banded with dark brown.

Fore wing dark bronzy-brown, somewhat overlaid with grayish-blue
on the inner half, shading into ochreous-brown in the outer half; the
ochreous shade is brighter in the apex. There is a conspicuous pure
white dorsal spot, between middle and outer fourth ; the mner edge is
slightly oblique and convex (the dark ground colour is more intense where
it touches this spot); it extends to middle of wing, and is slightly angulated
at the top ; the outer edge is angulated and outwardly oblique ; it sends a

126 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

spur towards the ocellic apot, and with the ocellic spot encloses a blackish-
brown elongated dorsal spot ; the latter contains a few whitish scales on
dorsum, and the white spot is similarly marked with brown dots The
ocellus is large, the centre is ochreous, crossed by four short black lines ;
below it is gray, and the vertical side bars are shining gray ; at the upper
end of the inner bar a gray prominence points toward the outer end of the
white dorsal spot. Costa is marked with four black dots, between middle
and apex, each outlined by whitish ochreous lines; below costa these lines
are leaden-metallic, and proceed horizontally below costa towards
termen. Below apex the black terminal line is cut by a white dash, and
a similar interruption occurs at the tornus. Cilia leaden-cinereous.

Hind wing whitish-gray at base, shaded with smoky-black outwardly ;
cilia light gray, with a black basal line; under side grayish-white. Under
side fore wing smoky-brown, costal spots repeated.

Eight 9 specimens, Ottawa, Canada, July 6 to Aug. 8, C. H. Young;
Rounthwaile, Manilob.T, July, L. E. Marmont.

Fore wing : teruien concave between veins 3 and 7, all veins free.
Hind wing : 3 and 4 sliort-stalked, 5 close to base of 4.

Epinotia fortuHuna, sp. nov.

Expanse, 13-17 mm.

Head whitish-ochreous, face paler ; palpi cream-white inside, anterior
end and outside darker; antenna pale fawn; thorax dark brown in middle,
edged with pale fawn ; abdomen dark fuscous ; legs cream-white, banded
with bronzy-brown.

I'"ore wing cream-white, with basal area, fascia and spots of black
overlaid with ochreous scales. The basal area extends beyond inner
fourth on costa, is obHquely outward to middle of wing, then angles
slightly inward to dorsum, which it reaches beyond inner third; it contains
a streak of cream-while on its inner half on the dorsal margin, whicii at the
outer end sends a wiiile sliade above middle of wing ; the outer edge
touciies margin of l)asal area below the costa, the upper edge of this
shade connects with two whitish costal spots ; the dark spots, outlined by
these white streaks, are ochreous in the middle and outlined with black.
There is a cream-white, narrow, angulated fascia in middle of wing, divided
by a line of shining pale ochreous. Where the fascia touches costa it is
divided by a blackish-brown dash. Beyond the fascia are four large
geminate whitish costal spots ; the second one is the beginning of an outer
angulated fascia, which sends a spur to tornus, and above middle an

THK CANADIAN RNTOMOLOGIBT. 127

inward streak, which connects with a similar outer spur from the middle
fascia. The outer costal spot sends a white streak into termen below apex;
and just below it a whitish line starts, which parallels termen and connects
at the tornus with the spur from the outer fascia. The spots between these
whitish bands are black, dusted with ochreous. Terminal line black, cut
below apex and in tornus, where the white bands touch these points.
Cilia motded leaden-gray, paler at base.

Hind wing smoky-brown, cilia dark gray, with a darker basal line ;
under side gray. Under side fore wing dark smoky-brown, costal spots
repeated.

Twelve specimens, Ottawa, Canada, June 24 to July t„ C. H. Young.

Efiarmonia F/eteherana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 13-15 nim.

Head, palpi and antenna cream-white ; thorax cream-white, smooth
and shining, with an iridescent reflection; abdomen shining fuscous above,
cream-white below; legs cream-white, the anterior pair lightly banded with
light brown in front.

Fore wing: Inner half of wing, including basal area, cream-white; the
basal area is defined by a broken angulated line of black, starting as a
short, outwardly oblique dash from inner fifth of costa to upper edge of
cell; in middle of cell, about one third from base, the line begins again,
and continues oblitpiely to inner fourth of dorsum. \n the white area the
costa is marked with two or three dark dots, and as many on dorsum
beyond the dark line. The white area extends to inner two-fifths on costa
and to outer third on dorsum ; beyond it the outer half of wing is black,
thickly mottled with metallic-blue scales. While the division is sharply
marked, the edges of the white and dark areas are uregular. In the black
area, at the end of cell, is a large patch of blue-metallic scales, some of
which edge the white area ; there are a few whitish scales in this patch,
and through its middle it sends a black line into the white area. The ter-
minal line is black, 5)receded by an olivaceous ochreous shade, and the same
shade continues below costa, in the dark area, on which are three blackish-
brown spots, edged with pale ochreous oir inner, the larger spot on costa,
marks the beginning of the dark area. From the pale ochreous costal
lines the metallic-blue lines begin below the costa, where they touch the
termen ; they cut the black terminal line with pale ochreous dashes, one
below apex, one above tornus, and one in tornus ; these ochreous terminal
dashes are of the same value as the costal ochreous dashes, AH of the

128- THE CANADIAN BNTOMOLOGISl.

large ocellic area is overlaid with lines of metallic-blue. Cilia grayish-
fuscous, shading into pale-ochreous at base and around tornus.

Hind wing light smoky-brown, paler toward base, cilia pale ochreous,
preceded by a dark basal line ; under side darker, mottled along costa.
Under side fore wing dark smoky-brown, costal spots repeated.

Nine specimens, Ottawa, Canada, June i8 to July 3, C. H. Young.

I take a great deal of pleasure in dedicating this most beautiful and
distinctive species to my very good friend, Dr. James Fletcher.
-^Enarmonia prosperana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 13-17 mm.

Head smoky-fuscous ; palpi white inside, fuscous outside, apical joint
dark fuscous ; antenna and thorax dark fuscous ; abdomen shining
whitish-fuscous, anal tuft dull ochreous ; legs whitish, banded and dusted
with bronzy-black.

Fore wing : Inner three-fifths cream white, suffused on the basal half
with broad grayish-fuscous strigulte, becoming paler outwardly, and disap-
pearing before the termination of the white area, and having an angulated
while band in the middle of wing; the costa in this area is fuscous, marked
with four or five white dashes. The outer third of wing is fuscous, mottled
with lighter scales; it encloses a large ocellic spot of three horizontal black
lines, and vertical inner and outer bars of metallic blue ; a i^w metallic
dots of the same colour nearly join the lower ends of the bars ; between
and below these dots are black dots, and a broken line of black is in the
basal side of the inner bar, with a short line of black before it, in the edge
of the white fascia. The outer half of costa is ochreous fuscous, and
marked with four large geminate white oblique lines, each sending below a
line of metallic-blue ;• that from tlie inner joins the inner ocellic bar: the
metallic lines from the second and fourth geminate dashes join and go into
termen below apex, where they interrupt the black terminal line. There
is a dot or small cluster of black scales between fold and middle of wing,
about two-fifths from base ; there arc a few black dots below the costa.
Cilia leaden-metallic.

Hind wing smoky-brown, paler at base; cilia white, with a darker line
close to base, and a finer line between it and outer ends ; under side
darker and blotched with bronzy-brown, especially below costa on outer
half. Under side fore wing bronzy black, with a grayish reflection, costal
spots repeated.

Fifty or more specimens, Wellington, J>. C, Taylor and Bryant ;
Vernon, B. C, Venables ; San Luis Obispo, Vachell ; etc., etc.
This species is close to snarec/ana, Schif., of iMirope. —
(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENtOMOLOGIST. 153

NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 128.)

Eucosma Hamptotiana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 12.5 to 14 mm.

Head very pale fdwn ; palpi white fawn, with a darker dusting on
outside ; antenna dark fuscous, fawn-wb.ite between joints ; thorax darker
fawn than head, posterior half streaked with blackisii \ abdomen grayish-
fuscous, anal tuft with an ochreous tinge ; legs whitish-gray, anterior pair
dusted with fawn above, and tarsi ringed with black.

Fore wing light tawny-fawn, with a large white dorsal spot, white
dashes on costa, and strigulated with black on costal and dorsal margins.
The basal area is limited on lower half of wing by white dorsal mark, on
upper half it is not clearly defined ; on the fold are two black dots, and
the male costal fold, which extends to middle of wing, is marked with
black dashes, with a corresponding line of blackish dots below ; the dorsal
margin is similarly marked with black dashes, and the mner edge of the
white patch is outlined with black. The white dorsal patch is large,
extending from middle of dorsum to tornus, beneath ocellic spot, with two
or three dark dots on lower edge ; the inner edge curves obliquely
outward to above middle of wing, it then follows fold to tornus; outwardly
it is somewhat overlaid with fawn and black scales. Between the white
patch and costa is a gray shade ; beyond this the costa is marked with
four long geminate lines, white on costa and shining gray below. Each
encloses a small black costal dot, and is separated by a larger black spot ;
the line below apex curves outward in termen, ending in a white dot below
apex. The ocellic area is large, the vertical bars purplish-gray-metallic,
the inner is double the width and length of the outer, and above connects
with the inner pair of costal lines, below it expands outward beneath the
ocellus ; in the fawn-coloured ocellus are four or five short black lines and
dots, and there is a patch of black on the inner side of the inner bar.
Terminal line black, cut with white below apex. Cilia shining leaden-
gray.

Hind wing smoky-gray, darker at apex. Cilia whitish, with a darker
basal line. Under side yellowish-gray. Under side fore wing dark
smoky-gray, blackish towards termen ; costal spots repealed.

The description is from a $ specimen ; the $ differs in that the
dorsal patch is gray instead of white \ the 9 is also darker, black and
brown scales overlay the fawn.

May, ig07

154 THE CA.NADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Five specimens : Hampton, New Hampshire, July 7 to Aug. 5, S.
Albert Shaw.

Enarmonia Shawiana, sp. no v.

Expanse, o , 1 1.5 to 12 mm.; ?, 9.5 to 14.5 mm.

Head light olivaceous brown on top, darker on sides, wl.ite in front ;
palpi, (J pure white ; $ cream-white ; the outer end of tuft and apical
joint smoky-brown ; the ^ palpi are shorter than 9 j antenna fuscous ;
thorax dark brown in middle, the patagia and an anterior band of grayish-
brown, a {tw whitish specks on posterior end ; abdomen dark vtlvety-
brown above, anal tuft gray ; legs grayish-white, shaded in front with
blackish-brown.

Fore wing blackish-brown with a bronzy-tinge, a conspicuous white
dorsal mark and four white costal dashes in outer half. The basal area
extends to inner third, its outer edge is generally rounded witii indentation
at upper and 1 )w'er fourths ; on this lower half is a small patch of white
scales, above which a streak of bluish-metallic nearly touches costa. The
white dorsal mark is in middle of wing, it is irregular in form, in some
specimens with a slight spur froui its outer upper corner, in others it is
somewhat bifurcated at the upper end with a few dark scales on dorsum ;
in all specimens it sliglitly angles outward, and rarely reaches above fold ;
an inwardly inclined fascia of shining-blue continues from its upper edge
to costa, ending on costa as a geminate white spot. Beyond this is a broad
tascia ot the ground colour, thickly dotted with dull black on cosia, and
more sparsely on upper half below costa, and Hghtly with olivaceous-brown
on lower half The outer half of costa is marked with four large white
oblique costal streaks^ the one before apex is the largest, and in some
specimens it is geminate; the inner costal dash sends a curved leaden-
blue-metallic line to anal angle, its lower half broadening and forming the
inner vertical ocellic bar. Beyond this metallic line the ground colour is
coppery-brown, horizontally streaked with bl ick, between the white costal
dashes the costa is narrowly edged with bl ick. From the second and
third costal dashes a similar leaden-metallic line curves under the apex
before the termen, and ends in termen as a white dash about a third above
tornus. The outer costal dash is edged below with leaden-metallic scales,
opposite its lower end, but not joining it is a white dash btLnv apex. The
ocellic area between the two metallic bars is bright coppery-brown,
crossed by four or five horizontal black lines, with an indistinct metallic
line below. Terminal line black, cut with white dashes below apex at
lower third and twice on tornus. C'lia white at apex, leaden-gray below,
preceded by a whitish basal line.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 155

Hind wing dark smoky brown, blackisli-brown outwardly. Cilia
whitish-gray, with a black basal line. Under side both wings grayish-
brown, costal spots of fore wing repeated.

Described from two ^ and seven 9 specimens. Essex County Park,
N. J., July r to 17; Newark, N. J., June 9, A. J. Weidt ; Hampton,
N. H., June 10, S. Albert Shaw.

The New Hampshire specimens are all large, the (^ 1 1.5 to 12 mm.,
and the ? 14 to 14.5 mm. One of the New Jersey specimens, from
Newark, a ? , is 13 mm., and seems to be of the same race as those from
New Hampshire ; the other four New Jersey specimens, all 9 's, are of a
much smaller race, expanding 9.5 to 10.5 mm.; I was inclined to separate
them, but most minute examination fails to show any specific difference.
This species is closest to £. bracteaiana, Fern.', and the larvae are likely
to be found in the cone scales of some of our eastern Conifera, as is the
habit of Fernald's species in California.

Named in honour of Mr. S. Albert Shaw, of Hampton, New
Hampshire, to whom I am indebted for a great many carefully-collected
and exquisitely-mounted specimens.
^^"Proteopteryx Mar?nontana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 12.5 to 18 mm.

Head brownish gray ; palpi dark gray, paler within; thorax bronzy-
black, posterior end and patagia streaked with white; antenna and
abdomen dark fuscous; legs whitish, dusted and banded with bronzy-blick.

Fore wing: Inner half bronzy-brown, heavily overlaid with gray, the
ground colour gradually becomes lighter outwardly, until in the apical
third it is bright coppery-brown or ochreous. There is a large white
dorsal spot between inner and outer third on lower half of wing, dotted
with blackish-brown on dorsal edge, and in some specimens a few dark
scales above ; the inner edge is outwardly oblique and indented below
fold, a short spur follows fold on its outer edge, but e.Kcavated beneath.
Above this spot a broad double geminate gray fascia continues to costa.
The basal area outlined by this fascia and dorsal spot is edged with black
scales, in the middle of its lower half is a grayish shade. Beyond the
fascia and dorsal spot is a curved coppery-brown fascia, bhck on
costal edge, dotted with black below fold and on dorsal edge,
and a icw black scales on its outer edge before the ocellus. Beyond
this a pair of geminate costal spots send a double geminate band of shining-
gray to ocellus, the latter pure white, shining on the sides and mixed with
a few shining gray scales, the centre is tinged with ochreous and crossed
by three horizontal black lines in the upper half. There are two other

156 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

geminate costal dashes between the above and apex, the inner sends a
horizontal gray-metallic line to termen beneath apex, it nearly joins a
shorter leaden line from the outer dash. The costal daslies are narrowly
white on costal edge, each contains a small black costal dot, and between
each two the costal edge is narrowly black. Cilia brown at apex, gray in
middle of termen and whitish around tornus.

Hind wing light smoky-gray, cilia whitish-gray, with a faint darker
basal line ; under side the same. Under side fore wing dark gray, costal
spots faintly repeated.

The description is from a ^ specimen from Rounthwaite, Manitoba.
The New Hampshire specimens are smaller, and more of a dark browish-
hue inwardly and ochreous outwardly. Without a lens the Manitoba
specimens look almost black in the inner half

Twenty-one specimens: Rounthwaite, Manitoba, July ii to 15, L.
E. Marmont j Aweme, Mr^nitoba, July 12 to 24, Norman Criddle ; Prince
Albert, Alberta, July 19, T. N. Willing; Regina, Assiniboine, July 15,
Dr. Jas. Fletcher; Hampton, New Hampshire, Aug. 5 to 10.

This species is nearest P. f/iomonana, Kearf, it can be separated by
the ocellic spot, which in Marmontana has a well defined dark dot in its
upper half, also by the inner edge of the ocellus, which in Marmontana
is straight, while in motnonana it sends a spur into the dark fascia before it.

I take pleasure in naming this interesting and well-distributed species
after Mr. L. E. Marmont, to whom I am indebted for a great many
beautifully-prepared specimens of Micro-Lepidoptera,
- Epinotia JVormafia?ia, sp. nov.

Expanse, 9 to 10.5 mm.

Head and palpi whitish fawn, latter with blackish-brown shade on
outside of second joint ; antenna grayish-white; thorax light fawn, a faint
dark shade in middle of posterior half; abdomen silvery-gray, anal tuft
light cinereous, with a few dark scales at its base ; legs whitish-fawn,
dusted and banded with dark brown.

Fore wing very light fawn, mixed with whitish scales, with large,
well-defined black costal dashes, terminal line and dusting. The basal
area is only defined on the lower two thirds of wing, when it reaches to
inner third the area is pale fawn, with three vertical black lines on its outer
half, the inner only reaching costa, and one black vertical line in the
middle of the inner half, with a black dot between latter and base and a
slight dusting of black between these lines on the dorsal half The costa,
from base to apex, is evenly marked with black dashes, the three before

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 157

apex being very large, triangular in shape and oblique ; they are separated
by white costal spots, each containing a small black costal dot; the outer
white spot sends a white line into termen below apex, through black
terminal line into cilia, it encloses a blackish apical spot. The pearly-
white, shining ocellic bars are joined together below, and enclose a
narrow fawn space, dotted with black, above it is a larger black shade.
On the outer third of dorsum is a shining pearly-white dot ; between it and
the inner ocellic bar the ground colour is rather heavily powdered with
black. There is a broad central fascia of ground colour, edged inwardly
with white, and in middle near dorsum dotted with black, and a few
blackish scales scattered through the centre. Terminal line black ; cilia
leaden-metallic.

Hind wing gray ; cilia paler gray, with a darker basal line. Under
side the same. Under side fore wing darker gray, costal spots faintly
repeated. Cilia leaden-metallic, with black basal and terminal lines.

Fourteen specimens : Aweme, Manitoba, all collected June 27, 1905,
by Mr. Norman Criddle, in whose honour the species is named.
.^^ Epinotia Kennebecana, sp. nov.

Expanse, 13 to 15 mm.

Head light fuscous ; palpi cream white inside, light fuscous outside,
apical joint dark fuscous ; thorax dark fuscous, tips of patagia light gray ;
abdomen fuscous, anal tuft cinereous ; legs cream-white, shaded with
dark brown.

Fore wing : Basal area blackish-brown, a dark gray shade extends
from basal area along costa to apex, and is continued as a narrow black
terminal line to tornus. Enclosed in these dark and gray shades, the
entire outer two-thirds of wing are white ; the usual white dorsal spot and
an abnormally large white ocellic spot joining together, but their relative
positions indicated by a shade of scattered gray and black scales between
them. The basal area on dorsum extends to inner third, its outer edge is
slightly outwardly oblique to above middle of wing, then obliquely inward
to costa ; the lower two-thirds is finely dentate. The gray costal shade
is marked with four paler geminate spots on the outer half, and before the
apex the gray and white is shaded with a yellowish-coppery tinge. The
ocellic spot is defined on both sides by vertical shining white bars, each
outlined with black scales. Cilia black, divided by a gray line on lower
half.

Hind wing light smoky-gray, cilia paler, with a gray basal line. Under
side grayish-white, shaded with brown along costa. Under side fore wing
smoky-black, costal spots faintly repeated, grayish-white below fold.

158 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Three specimens : Kennebunkport, Maine, August, collected by G.
H. Clapp. In collections of Carnegie Museum, Ace. Cat. No. 2351 and
2861.

Co-type in Carnegie Museum.
Acleris albilineaiia, sp. nov.

Expanse, 2 r-23 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax dark hoary-gray, with a purple
reflection; posterior end of thorax and patagia ferruginous-purple; abdomen
crray, anal tuft dull ochreous ; legs grayish-white, dusted and banded with
dark brown and ochreous.

Fore wing dark grayish-lavender, with a conspicuous pure white band
from base to costa before apex, on the upper third of the wing. At the
extreme base the band begins on the costa, but does not touch it again,
except at the outer end ; the sides of the band are parallel, and it only
diminishes in thickness just before the outer end. Above the white band
is a costal band of ground colour of about the same width. Below the
white band and outlining it the ground colour is darkened by deeper
purple and black scales, and with four or five dots of black raised scales
in the middle of cell, sometimes with a ferruginous shade. There are three
black dots of raised scales in fold, the larger at inner third, another at
outer third, and the smallest at outer end of fold. Cilia concolorous.

Hind wing bright shining gray, with a yellowish hue^ cilia the same ;
under side the same, but speckled with dark brown. Under side fore
wing shining cinereous-grny, paler along costa.

Ten specimens, Ottawa, Canada, Sept. 23 and April 21, C. H.
Young; Hampton, N. H., Oct. 18 and 20 and Mar. 28 to May 2, S.
Albert Shaw.

This species is very much like Acleris divisana, Hbn. I have not
seen the European species, but if Robinson's figure 63, PI. vii, Trans. Am.
Ent. S)c., Vol. n, 1869, is a good representation of it, albilineana can be
separated by the fo'lowing differences: white band does not reach apex;
white b.ind is straight o;i its lower edge, not angalated ; white band does
not touch costa except at its two ends.
^-.^Archips argyrospila, Walk., variety inortiiana, var. nov.

Expanse, 18 to 20 mm.

Head dark bronzy-gray, collar shaded with pale ochreous ; palpi pale
ochreous inside, brown outside, terminal joint blackish ; antenna gray ;
thorax shining-gray ; abdomen slightly paler than thorax, tuft whitish-gray ;
legs ochreous-white, heavily dusted in front with bronzy-black.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 159

Fore wing: Shades of light and dark gray. There is an inner fascia
of shining gray, beginning on costa as a quadrate white spot between inner
fourth and third, below costa it widens, and at dorsal margin it extends
from inner fourtii to beyond middle ; in male specimens the dark grayish-
brown costal fold partly hides the white spot. There is a similar quadrate
outwardly oblique white spot between costa and top of cell beyond middle,
below cell it continues as a shining-gray fascia, and overspreads the outer
third of wing. A smaller inwardly oblique white spot is on costa before
apex ; these two white costal spots encluse a darker shade of gray, and in
'some specimens there is a paler shade connecting the two spots below the
dark spot. Cilia pale, shining gray.

Hind wings gray, cilia whitish ; under side whitish. Under side fore
wing smoky-gray, paler around margins, wiih costal spots repeated.

Four specimens : Ottawa, Canada, July 3, C. H. Young ; New
Brighton, Pa., June 20, F. A. Merrick ; Wisconsin ; San Francisco, Cal.
(Strecker collection). I have two other specimen':, one from Algonquin,
111., June 29, Dr. Nason, and one from So. Utah, July, Dr. Barnes, too
badly rubbed to include in the type material. y

The maculalion does not differ from argyrospila, but there is a total
absence of red, brown or ochreous shades, these being entirely replaced by
grays. The variety seems to be as widely distributed as the common form.

Phalonia Hollatidajia, sp. nov.

Expanse, 13 to 14 mm.

Head, palpi and thorax cream-gray, dusted with light brown ; antenna
gray ; abdomen dark gray, anal tuft dull ochreous ; legs cream white,
dusted with brown in front.

Fore wing : Basal area cream-white, mottled in the middle with light
olivaceous and edged on costa with pale purplish-pink, in which are a
few brown dots ; its outer margin is nearly straight and very oblique,
extending from inner fourth of dorsum to beyond inner third of costa.
Beyond it is a black fascia, narrowest on costa, overlaid in middle with
purplish-brown, and on lower end with pinkish and cream-white scales ;
its outer edge is concave, and encloses a large round spot filling the outer
third of wing, edged with shining-purple and interior dull reddish-purple,
shaded with black outwardly and above. The outer half of costa is purple,
interrupted by a blick spot before apex, which sends a narrow black
fascia into the round spot. There is a black patch in apical cilia, and five
others in the termen cilia ; between these black spots the cilia is ochreous-
pink, and is preceded by a fine black line, before which is a whitish line.

160 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Hind wing blaclcish-gray ; cilia paler, with a broad darker line close
to base ; under side dark gray, mottled outwardly with black in middle of
wing; cih'a preceded by a fine ochreous line. Under side fore wing
smoky-black, dotted with cream-white on outer half of costa.

Three specimens: Oak Station, Allegheny Co, Penn., Sept. i, Fred.
Marloff; Pittsburg, Penna., Sept. 12 and 2r, Carnegie Museum, Ace.
No. 2960, through Dr. W. G. Holland, in whose honour the species is
named, and to whom I am indebted for the privilege of studying and
identifying a large nuniber of most interesting specimens of Micro-
Lepidoptera.
'~~^Commophila contrastana, sp. nov.

Expanse, S > 20 mm.; 9,21 mm.

Head and palpi cream-white; antenna, basal joint white, shaded with
brown ; outer joints light whitish-fuscous ; thorax and patagia purplish-
black, with an iridescent blue and red reflection ; abdomen and legs
ochreous-cream, .latter shaded in front with brown.

Fore wing : Upper half and outer third cream-white ; a sharply-
defined band of bluish-black, with an iridescent reflection, as on the thorax,
occupies the dorsal edge of the wing. This band begins on costa, cover-
incr the inner sixth ; it covers the basal area, the outer edge, is outwardly
oblique to lower third of wing, where it curves and continues parallel to
dorsum ; the band is slightly wider at outer end, and terminates before the
ocellic space. Paralleling the apex in the outer fourth is a shade of light
olivaceous-fuscous, with a cluster.of leaden scales before apex, divided into
four lines by shining-cream strigulas from the costa. Between middle and
outer third there is a quadrate spot of same shade on costa. Cilia cream-
white.

Hind wing light brownish-fuscous, darker around margin; cilia whitish;
under side ochreous-white. Under side fore wing light ochreous-brovvn ;
shining gray-white below fold.

One J, Oak Station, Allegheny Co., Penn., May 23, Fred. Marloff;
one $, New Haven, Conn., June 7, A. E. Britton.

This species is very closely allied to C. fuscodorsana, K., and may
prove to be the eastern form of this western species. The dorsal band in
fuscodorsana sends a spur up to end of cell at its outer end; the strigula-
tions in apex are much darker and limited to two well-defined broader
lines. The shade of the dorsal- band is fuscous-brown.

Correction.— On pages 5 and 6 rt«/'^ read, "University of Kansas"
in the place of " Kansas Academy of Science."

(To be continued.)

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 211

around the body in the incision between the second and third abdominal
segments. After the girdle is in place, the caterpillar seliles into a
somewhat crouched position, and then finally arches its body as it awaits
the time of ecdysis, several days afterwards. The placing of the girdle
occupies about two minutes ; if placed too. far caudad it is liable to
interfere seriously with ecdysis. Unfortunately, no observations were made
during pupation, so that the method of placing the girdle by the chrysalis
was not seen. Described frofll 13 specimens.

Duratio7i of Pupa-rtnstai s. — The duration of pupal life for fifteen
individuals reared averaged 16 days, from June 28th to July 14th, and
ranged from 14 to 21 days. The males issued before tlie females.

NEW xMICRO-LKPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

(Continued from page 160.)
Cerostoma dorsimaculella., sp. nov. — Expanse, 18.5 to 19.5 mm.
Head whilish-gray, in wiiicli are mixed a few dark gray scales ; palpi
whitish-gray, tuft of second joint clouded with brownish-gray at the outside
and at the ends, apical joint dark brown Ijeneath and less so on the sides,
whitish gray above ; antenna white, annulated with brownish gray ; thorax
cinereous-gray, posterior tip whitish, inner edge and base of patagia dark
brown ; abdomen whitish-gray, anal tuft with a cinereous tinge j legs
cream-white, heavily dusted with brownish-black in front.

Fore wing very light gray, with, a slight yellowisli tinge, strigulated
and marked with bronzy-black. The most conspicuous marks are on the
dorsal margin, below the fold ; the inner is a narrow triangle, with base on
dorsum at inner fourth, and apex touching fold at inner third ; the outer
spot rests on dorsal margin between middle and outer fourth, its upper
edge is slightly concave, causing an enlargement at the inner end and a
linear extension at the outer end that rises, obliquely outward, above the
fold. There are two curved transverse lines from costa, before middle of
wing, not reaching fold, beyond them are five shorter costal streaks, before
the outer fourth. Below these latter, at the end of cell, is an angulated
line, with a few blackish scales above and below it. There are a i^^^ dark
dots in the line of the middle of tlie wing, one at base, one a little beyond
base, and two near middle of cell. There is a large dark dash in apex,
which extends into cilia, becoming paler at the tip. A io.'fi dark scales at
end of cell, and another small cluster above tornus. Cilia concolorous.

212 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

Hind wing paler gray than fore wing, slightly darker around termen,
cilia paler, with a faintly darker basal line. Under side the same, a black
dot on costa before apex. Under side fore wing darker gray, with a few
black dots on costa before apex.

Four specimens, Rounthwaite, Man., July ii and 12, L. E.- Marmont.

Co-type in U. S. Nat. Mus., Cat. No. 9870. I am indebted to Mr.
Busck for correcting my generic determination of this species.

Mompha Ciaiidiel/a, sp. nov. — Expanse, 20 mm.

Head and patagia white, with a faint rosy tinge; palpi white, with
a few dark scales on outside of tuft of second joint ; antenna fuscous, with
a whitisii bloom ; thorax leaden-black in centre, narrowly edged in front
with rosy-white ; on posterior half there is a patch of deep rosy-white, and
the middle scales at their posterior end are of the same colour ; abdomen
gray, anal tuft with an ochreous tinge; legs cream-white, heavily shaded
with black in front.

Foie wing white, with a faint rosy tinge, shaded with bluish-gray on
inner tifth of costa, and a shade of the same colour through middle of
wing from inner tuft to end of cell. A small shade of this colour on outer
third of costa, and a similar one below it on dorsal margin. Tlie upper
half of tei men and apex are shaded with gray, in which are sprinkled
whitish, black and brown scales ; there is a dark brown dot in cilia at
apex, and two before apex in costal cilia, and one below apex in the long
cilia; the outer ends of the apical cilia are gray, otherwise the cilia is
ochreous. The tufts are very large and high ; the three most prominent
ones are white towards base and ferruginous at their outer ends. There
are two close to base of wing, one in middle of wing, and one below it
and obliquely outward from it close to dorsal margin ; before the latter,
and in a streak following the former, are broad black scales ; the third is
between fold and dorsal margin in middle of wing ; it is also followed by
a patch of broad black scales from its upper end. There is a smaller but
similar tuft at outer fourth of wing, on lower margin, and a small tuft
above the third large one on upper half of middle of wing. Below costa,
at inner third, is a small tuft of black scales.

Hind wing dark gray, cilia ochreous, the same shade as cilia of fore
wing. Under side both wings smoky black, with a whitish streak through
middle of hind wing, and the apex of both wings whitish.

Three specipiens, Rounthwaite, Manitoba, July 1 1 and i 2, collected by
Claud Marmont, whose name I am glad to give to this very beautiful species.

Co-type in U. S. Nat. Mus., Cat. No. 9871.

Mailed June 4th, 1907.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 333

ACTIAS LUNA.

I have been raising several broods of Actias lima this year. jHe pre-
vailing type has very yellow-tinted males, a sort of golden-green, Sometimes
almost approaching sulphur-yellow, and some of them have tlfe dark lines
across the wings very pronounced and strongly undulated. /^ The females
are always clear green. I am trying to intensify these peculiarities by
selecting the most marked examples to breed from, and as a complete
generation requires only about seven to eight weeks during our long
summers, results should be quickly attainable.

The species is easily raised in quantity, but is exceedingly rare out
of doors. This seems to be due chiefly to the. unremitting search for the
caterpillars by the large paper-wasps (Polistes). Nothing can exceed the
tiger-like ferocity with which these wasps leap upon and rip up and
devour one of these great caterpillars — sometimes they bite holes in my
cheese-cloth bags on the trees, and a veritable massacre of the innocents
follows the entry of one of these murderous creatures. I have seen them
tearing furiously with fore feet and jaws at the webs of the tent-caterpillars.
They seem to track their prey by scent rather than sight.

A large Cecropia caterpillar put on a branch in the open escaped
them for a day or two — Cecropia is not a native here — but very soon I
came upon a wasp licking her chops over the last of it, while two
examples of a smaller species of Polistes were chewing at the offal like
jackals at a tiger's feast! The big wasp ignored them, but snapped
viciously at a fly that came for a taste.

Last winter I sept to the Can. Ent. a modest little advertisement of
surplus Luna cocoons for sale. The outcome proves that this journal
furnishes to its advertisers, besides sordid lucre, pretty nearly "everything
that is requisite and necessary, as well for the body as for the soul,"
for I sold all my cocoons, and have had a most interesting correspondence
and exchange of treasures. One boy in far-off Nova Scotia says I am to
be his adopted "Uncle Teddy" henceforward as long as I live, and that
he is comiilg some time to visit me in Florida !

No\y, no one can ask more in this world than to have plenty of love
and plejity of money (or its equivalent) and an agreeable avocation — the
three together are surely "wealth beyond the dreams of avarice" — and all
in retlirn for a paltry half-inch of advertising space, at a money-cost too
insignificant for consideration I — Theodore L. Mead, Oviedo, Fla.

334 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

BOOK NOTICES.

KIRKALDY'S CATALOGUE OF THE HEMIPTERA : A PRE-
LIMINARY NOTE.

BY J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, WHITE PLAINS, N. Y. ^

I desire to bring to the notice of American entomologists7 more
especially to that of our hemipterists, Kirkaldy's Catarlogue of the
Hemiptera, which will shortly be published by F. L. paines, of Berlin.

It has been my privilege to read some of th^.-'^roof-sheets, and I am
bound to say that in spite of all the discussiocr to which it will surely give
rise, the work will be indispensable to all^ystematic zoologists, on account
of the phylogenetic matter that enjithes it. I reserve to myself the
pleasure of going fully into the contents of each volume on its appearance.
The first volume is promised-fb us shortly. But in the meantime I may
• say that it is far more >Han a mere list of names, since it gives much
biological data and brings all synonymies down to date, clearing up many
obscure points.^! believe that since Stal's Enumeratio Hejnipterorum no
work of a smrifar nature has covered the field so completely, excepting,
perhap^^'^ytsman's "Genera Insectorum," which, however, is different in
scap€ and plan.

The GENERA OF THE TORTRICID/E AND THEIR TYPES. By C. H.

Fernald, A. M., Ph. D., published by the author, Amherst, Mass.

Signatures issued as dated February 21st to May 29th, 1908 ; issued

complete June 4th, 1908 ; 68 pages.
The fathers of entomology who did such conspicuous work in the
last quarter of the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth century,
usually omitted to designate any certain species as the type of or typical
of their genera. Their conception of a genus was also based upon
superficial characters, such as the pattern and ornamentation of the
wings, and it was naturally found, when the present systematic structural
scheme was adopted, based upon venation and other fixed characters, that
in many cases under one genus were many different structures.

This has been the cause of endless confusion and changing of generic
names, especially during the past twenty-five years, when the systematists
in different groups have endeavoured to live up to the severe letter of
the law of priority. The confusion has been only increased by the

September, 1908

THE CANADIAN KNTOMOLOGISX. 335

different interpretations and different methods pursued by investigators
as to the manner of fixation of types." Professor Fernald in this work
states that he has followed the latest rules as prescribed by the highest
International Authorities, and adopted at the last meeting of the Zoological
Congress.

This work is the first of its kind that has ever been published in the
Microlepidoptera. As its title implies, it takes up one by one every
Tortricid genus known to the author, from the tenth edition of Linnaeus
down to the present day, and fixes and names the type species in each
genus. The fact that about three hundred and twenty generic names are
reviewed, indicates the magnitude of the task. Other authors have made
desultory attempts from time to time to fix types in the particular genera
in which they happened to be working, but it remains for the present
author to treat the entire family of Tortricidse as a comprehensive whole.

As the author states, there will naturally be a difference of opinion as
to the flexibility or limitations of structure which constitute a genus. For
this reason the synonymy of genera which concludes the work will be
subject to change. This remark is emphasized by the fact that with two
exceptions the synonymy is exactly the same as the list of species under
the different generic headings in Staudinger & Rebel's 1901 Catalogue.
Very little work in the European Tortricidse has shown that the groups in
this catalogue are not well assorted, and are subject to very considerable
revision.

The North American and European genera appear to have been
most conscientiously worked out, but it is apparent that little or no work
has been done in the Indian and Australasian genera, as aU of these latter
are simply listed without criticism or indication that any attempt has
been made to associate them with the older genera. As nxany^ofjthe
Eastern genera have been erected on more or less unsubstantial secondary
sexual characters, some of them will certainly fall into the synonymy
when tlieir structure is better known.

These criticisms do not affect the value of the work, as it only
purports to fix the type of the genera, and in doing this it confers a vast
benefit on all workers in this group.

The next step must be the publication of a work, containing plates
showing the venation and other structure of every type species named in
Professor Fernald's monograph, together with the synopsis of the characters

336

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

of each genus. Of course, this must be followed with an examination
of every known species of the world's Tortricidas and a reassemblage of
them under their proper generic headings.

As it necessarily must be some years before such a work can be"
completed, the status of generic names in our present list is of
interest. The most important changes are shown in the following
table, the first column of which gives the names to be substituted for the
supplanted names of the American lists in column two, and the European
list in column three. It may be added that this table but briefly shows the
changes made necessary in the European lists. About half of their present
generic names will go into the synonymy and be replaced by older names.
j£>yar Cat, igo2.
I Smith List, igoj.

Evetria, Hb.

Exartema, Clem.

Fernald's Revision.
Rhyacionia, Hb.
Cymolomia, Led.
Olethreutes, Hb. ]
Argyroploce, Hb. I

Cydia, Hb.

Enarmonia, Hb.
Spilonota, Stph.
Ancylis, Hb.
Anchylopera, Stph
Laspeyresia, Hb
Eucelis, Hb.

6". 6^ R. Catalogue, igoi.
Evetria, Hb.
Cymolomia, Led.

Olethreutes, Hb.

[Thiodia, Hb. (Dyar)]
I Cydia, Hb. (Smith) J
Epinotia, Hb.
Tmetocera, Led.

Ancylis, Hb.

Olethreutes, Hb.

Semasia, Hb.

Steganoptycha, Stph.
Tmetocera, Led.

Ancylis, Hb.
Grapholitha, Tr.

Carpocapsa, Tr.

Peronea, Curt.
yElhes, Billbg.

Carpocapsa, Tr.

Acalla, Hb,
Conchylis, Sodoff.

Enarmonia, Hb.

• [Cydia, Hb. (Dyar) \
\ Carpocapsa,Tr.(Sm.) I
Acleris, Hb.
Phalonia, Hb.

As the author remarks in the Preface, his work is incomplete. This
refers particularly to certain of Walker's names of exotic genera, which have
not been systematically investigated, and likewise to the names in the Bill-
berg Enumeratio. In both of these works genera were included under the
heading of TortricidiB, which belong to other families. Most of these
have been treated by the author, but it is only reasonable to suppose that
likewise in other families may be found genera based upon Tortricids,
which may supplant some of the names re-established in this paper.

W. D. K.

[Reprinted from Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Vol.
XVI., No. 3, September, 1908.]

NEW NORTH AMERICAN TORTRICID^ AND
TINEINA.

By W. D. Kearfott,

Montclair, N. J.

Eucosma dorsisuffusana, new species.

Expanse 17.5-24 mm.

Head dark chocolate-brown, face blackish ; palpi cream-white inside, dark
bronzy-brown outside, apical joint short, obtuse, dark gray ; antenna blackish gray,
faintly annulated with whitish ; thorax dark gray-brown mottled with ochreous
brown ; abdomen light fuscous ; legs cream-white, shaded with ochreous brown and
dark brown.

Forewing. — Inner third and upper half transversely strigulated with grayish
brown and black, with a shade of bright brown between the black lines before the
dorsal spot and on the outer half of costa. The lower half of wing, from inner third
to termen is cream-white, the usual dorsal spot running into the white ocellic area,
the latter reaches to within a quarter of the costa, and iS rounded on top ; the brown
ground color sharply defines this white area and by an angulation downward at
outer third outlines the upper side of the two spots. Before the ocellic space are a
few dark brown scales on the white ground. Between middle and apex the costa
is marked with five pairs of outwardly oblique cream-white dashes, each ending
below costa in a few light blue metallic scales, from the second pair before apex the
line of metallic scales continues to termen, a third below apex ; between these costal

3 68 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvl

streaks the ground color is bright ochreous brown, this shade narrowly margining
upper half of termen. There is a small white dot on termen immediately below
apex. Cilia on upper half light ochreous brown, mottled with darker brown and
gray, with a few black scales in apex, the lower half, opposite white ocellic area, is
white.

Hindwing. — Light smoky brown, cilia cinereous, preceded by a gray line ;
underside the same. Undeside forewing darker smoky brown, costal spots faintly
repeated.

Ten specimens, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 6-23, Miss Braun ; Pitts-
burg, Pa., July 3, Henry Engel. Cotypes in Merrick Museum, Miss
Braun' s and my collections.

This species is like siviilana Hbn. (Europe) and has been fre-
quently so named. The wings are narrower and the arrangement of
costal spots and dorsal patch different. In shape and general appear-
ance dorsisuffusana is more like otiosa^ia Clem.

Eucosma medioviridana, new species. ^

Expanse 16-17 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna and thorax light mouse-gray ; apical joint of antenna
blackish brown ; abdomen light fuscous ; legs whitish, shaded with gray in front.

Forewing. — Outer two thirds pale apple green, inner third conspicuously
darker. The basal area at middle of wing extends to inner third, its outer edge is a
black line, obliquely outward from costa to middle, thence inward to dorsum with an
indentation between fold and dorsum ; there is an inwardly oblique line in the middle
of this space, beginning at costa and ending below fold, this starts as outwardly
oblique on the $ costal fold, then turns inward. Between costal fold and lower
median vein, is overlaid with darker apple green, on a dark gray ground, below it is
mottled gray and brown, this is succeeded in the outer half of the basal area by a
patch of light ochreous brown, widest on dorsal margin and tapering to a point at
upper third. Beyond the basal area the balance of wing is pale gray, more or less
heavily overlaid with pale apple green, this color is most pronounced in the middle
third of wing. It is traversed by faint irregular darker lines from the costa ; two
from beyond middle of wing enclose an obscure narrow dark gray fascia to tornus ;
half way between this and an apex an irregular line circles the outside of ocellic
space, the latter is not defined. Cilia dark gray.

Hindxvmg. — Brownish gray, underside the same; underside forewing dark
smoky gray.

Six specimens, Ottawa, August 17-21, C. H. Young; New
Brighton, Pa., August 25 to September 11, H. D. Merrick and
Henry Engel. Cotypes in Merrick Museum, Young's and my collec-
tions.

This species, in the shape of the wings and general markings, is
very similar to piilsatillana Dyar,''ti can be separated by the green
shading, which is absent from pulsatillana ; I would place it between
the latter and nisella Clerck.

Sept., 1908] Kearfott: Tortricid.« and Tineina. 169

— Eucosma engelana, new species.

Expanse 14-17 mm.

Head, palpi, antenna, thorax, abdomen, legs and forewings pale terra-cotta
brown. The inner sides of palpi are slightly paler, also hindwings are of a lighter
shade.

Fore^uing. — A faintly darker basal shade, its outer edge from inner third of
dorsal margin obliquely upward and becoming obsolete near costa. Before tornus is
the only conspicuous mark on the wing, a darker brown quadrate spot, resting on
dorsal margin and disappearing before middle of wing. The intervening space, be-
tween it and basal area, and also the ocellic area is slightly paler than the balance of
wing. On the outer half of costa are several faintly darker outwardly oblique dashes,
the one before apex is inwardly oblique. The intervening spaces paler.

Four specimens, three S" from Pittsburg, Pa,, August 20 and Sep-
tember 2, Henry Engel ; one 9 Great Notch, N. J., 800 ft. elevation.
May 21, 1899. Cotype in Merrick Museum, and my collection.

This species is very much like dorsisig?iaia?m Clem., and I have
long considered my 9 specimen as a very pale or bleached form of
this species ; recently, when at New Brighton, Mr. Engel showed me
three cJ* specimens and insisted they were distinct from any of the
varieties oi dorsisignafaiia, in which opinion I entirely coincide, after
additional critical comparison, and take pleasure in naming the spe-
cies after this most careful worker.

Eucosma galenapunctana, new species.

Expanse 17-24 mm. '

Head ochreous cream, darker in front ; palpi with small rounded flattened brush
on second joint, apical joint short, exposed, color ochreous cream, outer end of brush
and a[.ical jo'nt leaden-gray ; antenna finely ciliated in male, ochreous cream faintly
annulated with gray ; thorax same shade as posterior end of head ; abdomen grayish
white becoming darker at anal end ; legs creamy white, dusted with brown.

Forewing. — Male costal fold about one third length of wing, narrow, appressed,
costa nearly straight beyond base, apex obtuse, rounded, termen very slightly con-
cave ; venation both wings typical, pale ochreous- cream, with horizonal rows of black-
ish leaden dots, in certain light these dots are black, in others no trace of black but
shining gray, when rubbed the dots are more or less obsolete and of a brownish
shade ; the costa is narrowly dotted on the inner half with light to blackish brown, on
outer half the dots become outwardly oblique brownish streaks, separated by whitish
lines, the latter in outer third connect below with shining streaks that run into the
vertical bars on each side of the ocellus. On the inner third of wing, between
costal edge and upper vein of cell, is a streak almost free from these dots ; between
the clear streak and fold are three rows, below the fold are three or four irregular and
broken rows. The ocellus is on a cream ochreous field, with a strong inner bar
and a broken outer bar, between which are three fine horizontal black lines, the two
upper ones are longest, they all touch the inner bar and in some specimens the inner
end of the black lines are enlarged. Costa whitish ochreous, speckled with black at
base.

170 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

Hindwing. — Pale fuscous, darker around margins, underside paler. Underside
forewing creamy ochreous, thickly overlaid with blackish brown, costal dots and
dashes repeated ; cilia not speckled, outer half whitish.

Twenty-one specimens, Denver and Clear Creek, Colorado, July
17 to August 28, collected by E. J. Oslar, four specimens from Dr.
Barnes and two from Mr. Busck's collection.

Cotypes, Cat. No. 11,936 U.S.N.M., in Dr. Barnes and my col-
lection. ^

This species is close to graciliana Krft. and albigiittatia Zell.,
the former is similarly dotted on forewings but each dark dot is on a
larger white dot ; the latter is a very much smaller insect with the
dots less in number but proportionately larger in size.

Eucosma grotiana, new species.

Expanse 15-22 mm.

Palpi and head very dark cream or very pale fawn, former shaded with brown
externally ; it is flattened, upcurved with long scales on underside forming a round
tuft extending i^ times eye-width beyond head, apical joint concealed ; antenna
dentate, light ochreous, a small dark brown dot on basal joint internally ; thorax
white with two transverse dark brown bars across patagia, near anterior and posterior
ends similar bars across thorax at middle and before posterior end ; abdomen and
legs dark cream, latter dusted with brown.

Forewing. — White, with brown markings ; the basal area is white with a curved
line of brown scales from dorsum to costa, beyond is a narrow white area succeeded
by a broken brown fascia at inner fourth which outlines the usual basal area, this is
sharply angulated outward at middle of wing, and is obsolete on costal third. A
prominent brown fascia, starts from middle of wing, curves outward with edges irregu-
lar to dorsum before tornus where it is widest. Before the apex is an irregular brown
cloud, the upper larger part ovate, with an outer limb running into termen below mid-
dle and an inner limb as several black dots passing through center of ocellus ; there is
a faint line from its upper inner edge connecting with a costal spot at outer third.
Above the cloud is a small patch of leaden scales. The costa is marked by a brown
apical spot and two others above the cloud, the middle one the largest, each contains
fine darker brown lines, and the white interspaces are divided by short brown lines.
The male costal fold is smoky brown, with two dark brown spots and a paler one at
outer end, between this and main costal spots are similar short brown lines or dashes
on costa. There are several dark dots on middle of dorsal margin. The brown fascia
and spots are usually outlined with blackish brown on their edges. Cilia, internally,
gray speckled with brown, outer ends white.

Hindwing. — Light smoky brown, cilia whitish, with a broadly darker basal
shade ; underside the same. Underside forewing brassy brown, with light and dark
costal and apical marks repeated.

Fifteen specimens, Chicago, July ; Ames, Iowa, and Iowa, latter
specimens labelled, "Ac. Cat. 118-121-267 C. P. Gillette "; Colorado

Sept., 1908.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.^! AND TiNEINA. 171

Nos. 628 and 2,610 ; Denver, Colo., June 22, Clear Creek, Colo., July
16-23; Bear Creek, Morrison, Colo., August 23, Oslar ; Pecos, New
Mexico, August 25, at light, Cockerell.

Cotypes, Cat. No. 11,934 U.S.N.M. and mycollection.

I have long had this species in my collection under E. matutina
Grote and have doubtless so named it for correspondents; but a care-
ful reading of Grote's most imperfect description, in which even the
expanse is omitted, and examination of his figure, as well as examina-
tion of a specimen determined by Dr. Fernald, who was acquainted
with Grote's type, before his collection was sold to the British Mu-
seum, convinces me that this large, showy species is distinct. The
brown of the marking of niatiitina is much paler and more of a fawn
shade, but the easiest marks of separation are the brown spots on
antennae bases of grotiana which are entirely wanting in matiitina ; in
7natutina on the white space between apex and fascia is a darker lance-
like shade that connects with the latter, but this latter may occur on
very dark specimens of groiiana, hence is hardly a good character.
My conception of the expanse of matiitina is 12-16 mm., much
smaller in average size than grotiana.

Eucosma costastrigulana, new species.

Expanse $ and 9, 17-18 mm.

Head light ochreous brown ; palpi whitish ochreous, rather loosely scaled above
and below on second joint, tuft flattened, triangular ; apical joint darker, very short,
obtuse, almost hidden ; antenna $ very finely ciliate, gray ; thorax light ochreous
brown, patagia and posterior end mottled with white ; abdomen bleached straw or
same shade as palpi and hindwings ; legs pale ochreous, anterior pair shaded in front
with blackish brown, and all tarsi ringed with same color.

Forewing. — Light ochreous brown or yellowish ochreous, shaded with darker
brown on costal edge ; this brown edging is interrupted from base to apex by white
dashes or strigulations, these also cover the $ costal fold ; there are four pairs before
the middle and four pairs beyond the middle, the latter are more sharply defined than
the former, the outer dash of each pair is usually longer than the inner, the first pair
beyond middle sends a scattered line of white scales to inner bar of ocellus and a few
leaden scales continue from the second and the apical pair. In the apex is a rounded
white spot, its outer half resting on the cilia, it contains a few dark brown dots ; a
similar whitish ciliate spot is just above tornus opposite ocellus. Before the ocellus
the wing is more or less speckled with white. Ocellus is well-defined, with two or
three rather long horizontal black lines, vertical bars are shining whitish with a small
dot of same color below, in tornus ; before the inner bar are a few scattered black
scales. Cilia, inner half whitish gray, finely atomized with black, and interrupted
above tornus and in apex as stated, outer half shining pale ochreous. Underside
grayish fuscous, with costal spots repeated.

Venation typical of Eucosma.

172 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi

Described from four specimens, San Diego, Cal., July 8 and lo,
collected by G. H. Field and bearing sub-labels " Tallys " and
" Julian." I have also before me three other specimens labelled San
Diego, Cal., July 27, W. S. Wright, that are very much whiter than
the above, which I have no doubt are the same species, but bleached
and rubbed from their longer exposure. .

Cotypes, Cat. U.S.N.M. No. 11,932, and ray collection.

Eucosma sandiego, new species.

Expanse $ 25-27 mm., 9 27-28 mm.

Head light ochreous brown ; palpi short, projecting scarcely half eye-width be-
yond head, brush compressed, concealing third joint, externally ochreous brown,
internally whitish ; antenna flattened laterally in male, serrate and finely ciliate,
whitish brown ; thorax brown, posterior end white ; abdomen whitish fawn, the two
anterior joints above white; legs whitish fawn, shaded with brown.

Foretving. — Rich chocolate-brown, marked with silvery white spots, which
occur as follows : An irregular median streak from base to inner fourth, principally
above fold, but sending a short spur, at its outer end along fold ; beyond, before middle,
is a quadrate spot in middle of wing ; beyond this are two spots, one smaller, ovate
in shape, is between tornus and lower angle of cell, the upper one elongate, resting
teneath costa between middle and outer fourth ; above its outer attenuated end is a
small dot on costa; just before apex is an inwardly curved streak, sometimes divided
by a line of ground color so that a dot forms at its inner end ; just below apex is a
smaller similar streak, below which three or four dots margin the termen to tornus,
all of the spots are more or less distinctly outlined with darker scales. The dorsal
edge is narrowly lined with silvery white from base to outer fifth. Cilia light brown,
speckled with whitish.

Hindwing. — Pale fuscous, cilia whitish, with a slightly darker basal shade.
Underside light ochreous gray ; underside forewing ochreous brown, with the spots
of upper surface indistinctly repeated in an ochreous shade.

Light form ; marked as above but ground oolor is light ochreous brown or pale
fawn ; head, thorax and other parts of the same shade. The male costal fold is dark
brown in the dark form and dark fawn in the light form, it is short extending only
to inner fourth.

Four specimens, two males and two females, one pair of dark form
and one pair light form. San Diego, Cal., September 15-29, George
W. Field; Walters St., Cal., April, from J. B. Smith. Cotypes S'
and 9, Cat. No. 11,930 U.S.N.M. and in my collection.

This species is closer to ridingsana Rob. than any other of the sil-
very spotted Eucosma' s ; it can be separated by the median line, which
in ridingsana is continuous from base to beyond middle of wing ; the
silvery costal streak, on inner half of wing (absent on male fold) of
ridingsana is entirely absent in sandiego ; the terminal line of dots of

Sept., 1908.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID/E AND TiNEINA. 173

sa?!diego is also a distinguishing mark. There is a certain amount of
variation in the spots of sandiego as in ridingsana, in fact in both species,
seldom are the two wings replicas of each other. The occurrence of
both sexes of both the brown and ochveous form is interesting and if
there were not such uniformity in the spots and markings I would be
inclined to think there were two races.

Cydia granulatana, new species.

Expanse 15-18 mm.

Head, palpi and forewing greenish-yellowish white, the color can better be
understood by saying it is white with a greenish yellow tinge. Thorax same color
but a trifle more yellowish, a few brown scales at base of patagia; antenna dark
fuscous but this dark shade almost hidden by greenish white pubescence ; abdomen
shining, whitish fuscous ; legs same shade as thorax, tarsi annulated with brown.

Forewing. — Ground color as stated, almost evenly throughout covered with
vertical dashes of dark brown, giving a granulated appearance ; under a lens these
dashes are in four principal horizontal rows, the upper marks the costa evenly from
base to apex, in the row below costa the dashes are smaller than in the dorsal row
and the one above it, in some specimens in these two lower rows, especially the
dorsal, there is a tendency of the dark color to run together on the inner two thirds
below the fold. The ocellus is practically free from the dark dashes, containing only
a few scattered blackish dots, it is bounded on both sides by shining whitish bars, and
there are a few scattered shining scales from outer third of costa to inner bar, and
similar shining scales on costa before apex, between the brown dashes. Cilia whitish,
speckled, a brownish basal line.

Hindwing. — Gray, cilia whitish, with a darker basal band ; underside the same
and with a few darker scales in apex and along costa before apex. Underside fore-
wing greenish gray, costa whitish on outer half with dashes repeated.

Thirteen specimens, Platte Canon, Colorado, August 23; Denver,
Colorado, September 4 ; Boulder, Colorado, all collected by E. J.
Oslar; Colorado, No. 2,298, from U. S. N. M.

Cotypes, Cat. No. 11,935 U.S.N.M. and in my collection.

Steganoptycha boUiana Slingerland (PI. II, Fig. i).

Siegaiioptycha Iwlliana Sling., Rural New-Yorker, p. 401, June 13, 1896.

This species is very closely allied to diludatia Clem., in fact
from the latter part of Clemens' description, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philada.,
Ill, 513, 1864, it is likely that he also had the species before him,
as he writes: "In another specimen the markings of the forewings
were of a more pronounced blackish brown, especially in the middle
of the wing and the curved streak near the' tip of the wing is somewhat
obscured by a blackish brown patch that adjoins it." I am not aware
of any breeding record of dilitdana. In the South, where the pecan

174 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

grows, bolliana lives upon its leaves, but I have undoubtedly the same
species from western Pennsylvania, in addition I have certainly seen
others from various parts of New Jersey and New York State ; as these
Northern States' species cannot live on pecan, I have no doubt their
larvse will be found on one,of the closely allied hickories.

Bolliana is much darker than dili/dana, the character by which it
can be most easily separated is a black streak from middle of base to
apex, which by an enlargement in basal third, another beyond middle
and another before apex, represents three steps, or three large blac^
spots connected by finer lines. The gray ground color has a greenish
tinge, the dark marks have more of a mottled appearance than linear as
is the case with dihidana. The hindwings are dark, smoky brown,
while in diludana they are light gray. The venation of both species is
the same, it is shown by Fig. i, PI. III.

I have before me Professor Slingerland's original specimen, from
which the cuts and remarks, establishing the specific name, were
drawn, and by his courtesy am able to reproduce them below.

Through the courtesy of Professor Chittenden I have examined the
following bred material in his possession : No. 2,848, on walnut, is-
sued October, 1898, District of Columbia; on pecan, issued October
22, 1907, Washington, D. C, H. O. Marsh; No. 2,848, on pecan, is-
sued August 12, 1898, Seabrook, So. Car.; pecan, issued April 21,
1906, and June 2, 1905, Waco, Texas. Also the following flown
material : Washington, D. C, resting on trunk of pecan, September 30,
H. O. Marsh, collector; (Chittenden) Oak Station, Allegheny Co.,
Pa., June 12-24, September 7, Fred Marlof ; Pittsburg, Pa., August
19 to September 29, Henry Engel ; New Brighton, Pa., September 5
-17, F. A, Merrick.

The type of the species, so labelled, is in the Cornell University
Collections, Ithaca, N. Y., and bearing serial label " C. U. Exp. No.
548, sub. — 18 April '96 " ; compared specimens, homotypes, are in
my collection.

I am indebted to Professor Chittenden for calling my attention to
Professor Slingerland's article, which seems to have been entirely ig-
nored by our calatogue makers.

A New Destructive Insect on Pecans (Rural New-Yorker,
June 13, 1896, p. 401). C. E. P., Ocean Springs, Miss. — "I send
some worms found on my pecan trees. The dark brow^n one spins a
cocoon, works into the young buds as soon as the outer covering is

Sept., 1908.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.E AND TiNEINA. ' 175

thrown off, and destroys the bud. Does it not belong to the Elater
family? It seems to have two broods, one now, and the other in July.
Or do they change from the small cocoon around the buds to the partly
grown leaves, and form another cocoon ? Or does the latter belong to a
later brood ? In the fall, the undersides of the leaves of some trees
are fairly covered with their houses, but then I can kill them by spray-
ing, as they feed on the leaves. What I want, is to get at them in the
spring. Can it be done ? The second white worm, with a dark head,
works into the new growing shoots, and will destroy the fruit if it gets
too plentiful. How can I get at it, as it is working inside the young
shoots going down ? Can you give me the history of both, as they
develop into a serious pest ? "

Answer by M. V. Slingerland : " The material sent by C. E.
P. consisted of several opening pecan buds webbed together ; two
kinds of small caterpillars, one light green in color with black head
and neck, the other dark brown, with similar black head and neck ;
and several pupae inclosed in cocoons made by webbing the leaves
together, as shown at a in Fig. 133. Judging from the appearance of
the buds sent, the insects were doing very serious injury. The mate-
rial was placed in some of my breeding cages at the insectary, and in
a few days, there emerged from the pupje some pretty little gray moths
with blackish markings ; two of them are shown natural size at b in
Fig. 133. As we had nothing like them in our university collection
here, one was sent to an expert for its name. His reply was that he had
labeled the same insect in his collection, Steganoptycha bollma. His
specimen came to him from Texas several years ago, but the name has
never before been published ; so C. E. P.'s pecan bud worm proves to
be new to science. The moth is, probably, the parent of the green
worm.

" I failed to breed the brown caterpillar which seems to work very
similarly to the bud moth of our New York apple orchards. The
early appearance of the moths, April 18, would indicate a second
brood of the worms during the summer. Neither of the worms
which I found in the material sent, has anything to do with the ela-
ters or snapping-beetles ; all were the caterpillars of small moths.

" Information about this new insect is so scanty that no definite ad-
vice can now be given as to the best time and manner to fight it. C.
E. P. thinks that he can control it later in the season, and if this be
true, it ought very materially to lessen the numbers to appear on the

176

Journal New York Entomological Society. |Vo1. xvi.

buds in the spring. It is an extremely difficult matter to poison
worms working on the opening buds of trees, for, as the leaves unfold
so rapidly, new unpoisoned pastures are being constantly opened for
them. I think, however, that two very thorough applications of
Paris-green water, as strong as the trees will stand, while the buds are
opening, would materially check these pecan bud worms."

Stegaiioptycha boUiana. (From Rural New Yorker.)

1^<^ 'VN.iLv«*C'VU^ \ ^

Epinotia piceafoliana, new species. LA.<^V

Expanse 9.5 to 10.5 mm.

Head light gray, tinged with yellowish on top ; palpi short, scarcely extending
beyond head, tuft small, flattened, the scales at outer end not concealing the short,
obtuse outer joint, color gray, shaded with blackish on outside, apical joint dusky
black ; antenna gray ; thorax light cinereous gray, with a bronzy median shade ;
abdomen bronzy black, anal tuft gray-ochreous ; legs gray, heavily dusted in front
and tarsi ringed with bronzy black.

Foreiuing. — Costa nearly straight, slightly curving at base and apex, termen
straight and only slightly oblique. Twelve veins, all free, accessory cell large, begin-
ning midway between 10 and XI, outer end opposite 7 ; internal vein ending opposite 5.
Color grayish white, crossed with blackish brown lines and narrow fascire. The basal
area is defined by a heavier dark dentate line, from inner fourth of costa, curving out-
wardly to inner third of dorsum ; before this are three or four parallel tine dark lines

Sept., iyo8.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.E AND TiNEINA. 177

on a gray-white ground, each starting with a blackish costal dot. From middle of
costa to before tornus is a narrow dark fascia, interrupted by a white oblique line on
middle of cell, below which an obtuse spur of the dark color on the outer edge of
fascia. Between this fascia and basal area is a broad fascia of ground color tra-
versed by broken dark lines, and on costa forming two white spots, each usually
divided by a blackish dot. Beyond the dark fascia, the apical third is whitish gray,
crossed by parallel dark line, starting as black costal dots and separated by four white
costal spots. The apex is black and defined below by a white dash through the
black terminal line and extending to outer edge of cilia. Ocellus not defined. Cilia
dark leaden-gray.

Hindwing. — Smoky black, cilia dark gray, with a darker basal line. Eight
veins, 3 and 4 stalked. Underside both wings dark smoky gray, costal spots repeated
on forewing, and the latter grayish white below fold.

Twenty-eight specimens, Montclair, N. J., June i to 5, some bred
from larvae feeding on the needles of black spruce, Picea inariana ;
others taken resting on the twigs or flying about the same trees ; Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, May, 15, Miss Braun.

The mature larvae are about 6 mm. long, robust, yellowish green.
Head, p. t. shield and thoracic feet black. They mine the needles
in the same manner as the larvae of Reci/rvaria picealla K. When
full grown they spin a dense white cocoon between the needles, close
to the twig. I have taken the larvae the first warm days of spring in
April and early May, and they have pupated as early as April 28 and
as late as May 18. Breeding number K. 510. In size and coloration
this species is very much like Eudemis vacciniana Pack.^

Enarmonia articulatana, new species.

Expanse 13.5 mm.

Head and thorax bronzy black, minutely dotted with fuscous ; palpi whitish in-
side, shaded with fuscous outside; posterior ends of patagia white; abdomen fuscous,
banded with white beneath ; legs whitish, front tibi?e annulated with black.

Forewing. — Velvety blackish brown. The inner fourth is overlaid with shining
olivaceous gray, beyond this the lower two thirds and apical fourth are finely and
evenly dotted with pale olivaceous-ochreous. On the middle of dorsal margin is a
brilliant white spot, slightly wider than high ; its upper edge connects with an oblique
narrow fascia from inner third of costa, which is shining in the middle of wing, and
whitish on costa where it is also germinate. A narrowly, very slightly germinate

^ Since the above was written, I have received a series of the European species
Steganoplycha nanatia Tr. and careful comparison suggests that the two are identi-
cal, Meyrick in Hand Book of British Lepidoptera, p. 474, states that the larvae of
nanana are brown, with black head and plate, feeding on Pinus abies. It is not im-
possible that future observation may prove the identity of the European and Amer-
ican forms, especially as the species could be easily introduced, attached, in one of
its stages to imported trees.

178 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

line starts from costa between middle and outer third, which runs to inner vertical
ocellic bar. A short oblique streak is beyond and close to this, on costa and close
to apex are two short white streaks, the inner one the longer and outwardly curved.
The ocellic space is finely atomized with olivaceous cut by several horizontal black
dots and lines, a line below, above it a dot, then another line (at about the middle
of wing) above which are three superimposed dots, slightly inwardly oblique, to
upper fourth of wing, between two white costal dashes ; the ocellic spot is bounded
on either side by a vertical shining metallic bar. The only spaces on the wing of
the velvety brown-black ground color, free from the olivaceous atoms, are on upper
two fifths, in the middle of wing, between the two prominent costal streaks, on the
inner edge of the inner costal streak and on both sides of the white dorsal spot.
Cilia shining fuscous, preceded by a fine black line.

Hindwing. — Whitish at base shading with dark brown outwardly, cilia whitish ;
underside the same. Underside forewing plumbeous brown, costal spots lightly
repeated.

Two specimens, Cincinnati, Ohio, April 30, Miss Braun ; New
Brighton, Pa., H. D. Merrick, June 5. Cotype in Merrick Museum,
and my collection.

Enarmonia multilineana, new species.

Expanse 13-14 mm.

Head hoary black, mixed with white scales in front ; palpi white, outside of
median joint and apical joint shaded with light fuscous ; antenna white, annulated
with grayish fuscous ; thorax mottled gray ; patagia whitish posteriorly ; abdomen
cinereous gray ; $ claspers whitish outside, yellowish inside and narrowly edged with
fuscous posteriorly ; legs whitish, annulated with dark fuscous.

Forewing. — Dark grayish fuscous, with many whitish, outwardly oblique, lines
from costal and dorsal edges. A pair of these lines, from costa before middle, in the
middle of wing, meet a pair from inner half of dorsal margin ; the apex of this junc-
tion is half way between base and outer margin ; before these lines the basal space is
nearly uniformly of the mottled ground color, but indistinctly dotted with whitish on
both costal and dorsal edges. Succeeding these lines is a darker fascia of about their
width on upper half of wing but increasing to double the width on dorsum. Beyond
this is a broken pair of whitish lines, from costa into ocellic spot. Between the
latter and apex are three pairs of white costal dashes, the interspace of each pair is a
darker, black shade, sending line of this color into termen. From the inner, of the
middle pair of costal dashes, a faintly blue metallic line runs to the termen below
apex, where it ends in a white patch in the cj^lia. A similar white cut occurs in the
cilia above the tornus and another one below it ; these last two are connected together
by a white streak within the narrow black preciliate line. Ocellus gray, with three
short horizontal black bars, bounded on either side by vertical bars of faintly blue
metallic scales. Cilia, except as noted, shining leaden fuscous.

Hindwing. — White internally, edged with dark fuscous, narrowly at base and
broadly at apex ; cilia whitish. Underside the same. Underside forewing dark
gray, with whitish costal and ciliate lines repeated.

Four specimens, Aweme, Manitoba, May 16, June 26 and 29,

Sept., 1908.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICIDiB AND TiNEINA. 179

Norman Criddle ; Miniota, Minn., Merrick Museum. Cotype in
Merrick Museum, and my collection.

This species is close to garacana Krft. but can be easily separated
by the white hind wings.

Tortrix triangulana, new species.

Expanse 14.5-15-5 ™ni.

Head whitish gray speckled with light fuscous ; palpi externally same as head,
internally whitish, apical joint fuscous at base, tipped with whitish ; antenna, male
ciliated, about i, light gray annulated with darker fuscous ; thorax speckled blackish
brown, posterior end and patagia tipped with cream-white ; abdomen light gray, anal
joint ochreous gray ; legs cream-white dusted with brown.

Forewing. — Grayish white with a yellowish tinge, strigulated and marked with
blackish brown. The most prominent mark on the wing is a large blackish triangle,
with nearly even sides, resting on costa beyond middle, its lower point extends to
middle of wing. There is an obscure basal area on inner fourth, blackish along costa
and dorsal margins and with two wavy dark transverse lines. On costa between tri-
angular spot and apex are two quadrate spots, the outer one the larger ; the apex is
gray enclosed with a fine dark line. The balance of wing is gray with vertical darker
lines, one between basal area and triangular spot, a waving line connecting lower
point of triangle with dorsal edge and two or three irregular lines beyond. In the
inner half of wing, especially on and adjoining the fold, the dark lines are outlined
with ochreous scales. Cilia concolorous.

Hifuiwing. — Smoky fuscous, cilia same with a paler basal line ; underside
whitish gray vertically strigulated with brown. Underside forewing dark smoky
fuscous, with whitish geminate costal spots.

Described from three males, one from San Francisco, two from
San Diego, California, July 27-31, collected by W. S. Wright, and
received through U. S. National Museum.

Cotypes, Cat. No. 11,933 U.S.N.M. and in my collection.

Of the San Diego specimens one is very badly rubbed, the other,
in fair condition, is much whiter and the markings blacker than the
San Francisco specimen. It is nearest to the very strongly and some-
what similarly marked T. lomonatia Krft. —

Phalonia punctadiscana, new species.

Expanse 12-13 nim.

Head cinereous gray, speckled with fuscous ; palpi light gray within, shaded
with fuscous externally, apical joint short, blunt, black, tipped with gray ; antenna
dark fuscous ; thorax cinereous gray, broadly mottled with brown-fuscous ; abdomen
dark gray, tuft cinereous ; legs yellowish white, anterior pair shaded with dark brown.

Forewing. — Light olivaceous gray on inner half of wing, heavily speckled with
darker gray, especially along basal third of costa ; the basal area is not defined, but
that part of wing is clouded with darker scales. There is a well defined reniform
spot of light brown in middle of wing, the upper end resting on costa, it reaches to

180 Journal New York Entomological Society, l^'o'- xvi.

fold, its inner edge is sharply incised above middle, the outer edge is convex, with
an obscure spur pointing toward costa from its middle. There is a similar brown
shade between end of cell and termen, with a narrow projection touching costa at
outer fifth, below costa it is much enlarged and rounded with two obscure spurs touch-
ing termen about the middle ; both of these brown shades are horizontally streaked
with darker brown on the middle of wing, and edged with black on the inner cne,
forming a conspicuous dark discal streak, the space between them, or upper half of
wing is silvery gray, overlaid with pink; costal edge of outer half narrowly yellow,
with two fuscous dots between the brown shades and two larger ones between the
outer shade and apex. Cilia concolorous, with a darker basal line and a paler spot at
end of each vein along the termen.

HinJwing. — Cinereous gray lighter basally, underside light cinereous, with ver-
tical fuscous reticulations on outer half. Underside forewing, smoky fuscous, with
a fine light line before cilia and the latter spotted with whitish.

Five specimens, Oak Station, Pittsburg, Pa. (Fred. Marloff),
July 29 to August 8. Nearest P. nonlavana Krft. most easily distin-
guished by the dark, horizontal discal streak.

Commophila ? umbrabasana, new species (PI. Ill, Fig. 2).

Male. — Expanse 14-17 mm., female 20 mm.

Head pale ochreous ; palpi darker and shaded externally with brown, extends
beyond head nearly twice width of eye, second joint tufted above, flatly triangular,
scales rather compressed ; apical joint very short, obtuse, light brown, paler at tip
and with a few darker scales at its base ; antenna, basal joint enlarged with com-
pressed scales, brown on basal half, pale ochreous outer half, beyond basal joint it is
ciliated on lower side, ciliations I, color whitish brown; thorax brown, same shade
as basal sixth of forewing; abdomen light grayish ochreous; legs same color, heavily
dusted with blackish brown, posterior tibi?e tufted below.

Forewing. — Very pale fawn, or light ochreous brown, vertically strigulated with
dark brown, these dark scales tend to form a more or less well-defined triangular dorsal
spot, beyond middle, sharply defined above by outer end of fold ; in some specimens
the inner and outer edges, of the spot are heavily overlaid with leaden metallic. The
basal sixth is brown, with a bluish irridescent hue in certain lights. The costa is
lightly marked by the darker strigulation, four spots on outer third are the most dis-
tinct. Above the dorsal triangular spot is a conspicuous brown dot, on the lower
angle of cell, this is absent on specimens .that are slightly rubbed. In some speci-
mens the apical third is heavily strigulated with grayish fuscous, this shade margining
both costal and dorsal edges to before middle. Cilia light ochreous yellow.

Hindiving. — Above and beneath light grayish ochreous. Underside forewing
shining, light coppery brown.

Described from ten specimens, three from San Diego, Cal., May
6, collected by W. S. Wright; one Colfax, Placer Co., Cal., Decem-
ber, collected by A. H. Vachell ; six, Alameda Co., Cal., June 17,
collected by G. R. Pilate, for Miss Braun.

Cotypes, Cat. U.S.N.M. No. 11,931, Miss Braun's and in my
collection.

Sept.,. 1908.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.E AND TiNEINA. ] 81

This species is placed temporarily under commophila as this genus
is understood in our North American lists, the venation is practically
the same, but there are characters which will later cause its removal
to probably a new genus.

Forewing. — Two and one half times as long as broad, costal and dorsal margins
nearly parallel ; costa strongly arched at base and curved downward at apex ; apex
rounded, obtuse ; termen very slightly convex, angle 30° ; tornus rounding into dorsum
without defined angle. Venation ; l'' furcate two fifths ; 2 from outer eighth of cell ;
3 and 4 approximate, the latter strongly bent down ; 5) 6 and 7 about equally spaced,
latter to costa before apex ; 8 very close to but not connate with 7 ; 9 from outer angle
of cell ; II half way between 10 and 12. Cell is very broad at outer end, equal to
one third width of wing, transverse vein angles outwardly from 9 to 7 then inwardly
(parallelling termen) to 4. No secondary cell.

Hinthving. — Slightly broa'der than forewing, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,
termen slightly indented above 5) tornus, dorsum and inner angle evenly rounded.
Venation; i'' furcate \, two from outer third, 3 and 4 connate from lower angle of
cell, 5 remote from 3 -(- 4, 6 and 7 connate from upper angle. Cell very short, about
two fifths, transverse vein strong, obliquely inward from upper angle to middle of
cell, thence outward to lower angle. A pencil of long hairs reposes on the costa,
arising from a process, at base of costa, this is overlaid with spatulate scales. Vein
i" is heavily pectinated, at base of wing, on upper surface.

Choreutis tacubayella, new species.

Expanse 10 mm.

Thorax olive-brown, very finely spepkled with white, with a white spot on pos-
terior end ; abdomen dark fuscous. Each joint whitish posteriorly, anal tuft blackish ;
legs, underside of thorax and underside first two abdominal segments white, slightly
dusted with fuscous. (Head missing.)

Foreiuing. — Olivaceous brown, with an ochreous tinge at base, outer half over-
laid with whitish tipped scales, giving a speckled appearance. There is a conspicu-
ous pure white fascia, arising from dorsum between inner fifth and third, it reaches to
upper vein of cell ; it is broadest on dorsum, inclines slightly outward and diminishes
in width to upper end ; the upper part is faintly dotted with pale fuscous. The prin-
cipal metallic marks are brilliant ruby red and occur as follows : a broken transverse
line just beyond the white fascia ; two clusters in outer fourth of wing below middle
on a large velvety black ovate spot, which is divided vertically by an olivaceous line;
above this below costa is a smaller spot and a similar one before and below it, these
are both circled with black ; bordering termen is a fine line on upper half of wing ;
in middle of wing, before end of cell is a small ovate blackish spot, in which are
scattered metallic scales. The costa is marked by three white dots, one before the
middle, one just beyond middle and one at outer fourth ; the inner one is at the end
of the inner metallic line, below the middle one are a few such scales, while the outer
one is above the outer metallic spot. The veins before apex are overlaid with black,
there is a median black dash at base and another in middle of wing. The termen
is narrowly edged with olivaceous ochreous. In certain lights a few scattered metallic
scales can be seen, especially on base of costa, in middle of wing at base, above

182 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xv.

dorsum at outer fourth, and evanescently the edges of the ruby red spots are so
colored. Cilia olivaceous brown, finely tipped with white.

Hindwing. — Bronzy brown, cilia whitish. Underside both wings brassy
brown, the lower wing blotched with white, and the costal spots repeated on the
upper.

One cJ*, Tacubaya, Mexico, collected by Otis W. Barrett. Type
in my collection.

Argyresthia alternatella, new species.

Expanse 10-12 mm.

Head white ; palpi golden ; antenna golden fuscous, basal joint paler ; thorax
white, patagia and posterior end golden ; abdomen and legs whitish ochreous.

Foreiuing. — Golden ochreous, reticulated with brown oblique fascire, there are
five brown spots on costa, about equally spaced between inner sixth and outer fifth,
there are three similar spots on dorsal margin, at inner fourth, middle and outer
fourth ; broken brown fascia join the costal and dorsal spots, somewhat like a double
or joined letter WV. There is a streak of brown on dorsum at base, and the apex
of wing is lightly reticulated with this color. Cilia light brownish ochreous on costa
and upper half of termen becoming pale fuscous below middle.

Hindwing. — Light fuscous, cilia with a faint ochreous tinge.

Eight specimens, Essex Co., Caldwell and Watchung Mts., N. J.,
May 8-21.

Type in my collection.

Mr. Busck, to whom these specimens were shown, thought they
might be A. cupressella Wlsm. (described from California) which they
superficially resemble, but the two species can easily be separated by
the venation. Cupressella has 1 1 veins in forewing and 7 in hindwing,
while alternatella has 12 and 8 respectively with 7-8 of, former
stalked ; the latter species is quite a little larger.

Argyresthia laricella, new species (PI. Ill, Fig. 5).

Expanse 10-12 mm.

Head and palpi whitish ochreous, latter shaded with light fuscous externally on
median joint, face and antennK white ; thorax shining whitish ochreous ; abdomen
paler, legs whitish, anterior pair and tarsi of all dusted with brown.

Forewing. — Neary immaculate, very pale shining ochreous, the inner half of
costal edge and narrowly in the fold is more or less of a darker shade. Cilia whitish
ochreous.

Hindtving. — Same color as cilia of forewing.

Six specimens bred from larvae living in the terminal twigs of
Larix amertcana, at ]\Ier Bleue, Ontario, Canada. In pupa June 19
(when found), issued July 3-6.

Cotypes, Catalogue No. 12,059 U.S.N. M., Dr. Fletcher's and
my collection.

Sept., 190S.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID^ AND TiNEINA. 183

The discovery of this species is due to Dr. Jas. Fletcher, with
whom I was on a collecting trip to a wonderful sphagnum swamp,
about twenty miles south of the Ottawa River, at Carsbad Station,
Ontario. He tells me that he had noticed for some years that insects
were killing the twigs of the larch and had occurred in sufficient num-
bers to be of possible economic importance. The larvae bore through
the terminal twigs, for from three to six inches, effectually killing
them and stopping further growth. Mr. Busck is responsible for the
generic determination.

Chrysopora versicolorella, new species (PI. Ill, Fig. 3).

Expanse 9-10 mm.

Head and antenna bronzy black, latter with whitish pubescence ; median joint
palpi bronzy black, apical joint ochreous gray ; thorax irridescent gray ; abdomen
grayish fuscous, anal tuft and legs ochreous white, latter banded with dark brown.

Fore-ioing. — The white ground color occurs as follows : on the lower three fifths
of wing from base nearly to middle ; a large triangular spot on middle of costa which
sends an attenuated fascia to dorsum, this is largely irridescent ; a pure white spot
on costa before apex, a smaller one below it on middle of termen and another
below this above tornus ; in some specimens these spots are so nearly connected
together that they form a very angulated terminal fascia. Above the white inner
patch is a blackish patch interrupted with pale blue metallic scales, a broad ovate
spot of this color divides it beyond its middle, touching the costa and continuing as
an irridescent fascia over the white area to dorsum. Between the middle and ter-
minal whitish spots or fasciee is an irregular patch of olivaceous ochreous, more or
less overlaid with metallic pale blue or pink on the lower and outer spurs. There is
an oblique blackish brown streak involving the apex and apical cilia, the inner end of
this indents the outer white costal spot and the one below it. Cilia fuscous, paler
outwardly, broken by white opposite the tornal white spot.

HinJtvmg. — Pale shining gray, cilia and underside the same. Underside fore-
wing dark irridescent gray.

Six specimens, Carmel, California, April, collected by Arthur H.
Vachell.

Type in my collection.

The three species accredited to North America can be separated
as follows :

Dorsal margin on inner half of forewing white versicolorella K.

Dorsal margin on inner half of forewing not white i

I. Forewing with transverse silvery fascia before middle herman7iella F.*

I. Forewing with fascia interrupted in middle lingtdacella CI.

* I am not convinced that this European species actually occurs in the North
American fauna.

184 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

As will be noted from PI. Ill, Fig. 3, the venation of this species
is not identical with that of C. lingulacella Clem, as shown on PI.
XXIX, Fig. 9, Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. XXV, by Busck, veins 3-4 of
forewing are distinctly connate in versicolorella while in lingulacella
they are well separated, as shown by Fig. 4.
Gelechia invariabilis, new species.

Expanse 18-22 mm.

Head whitish in front, above suftused with light brown ; palpi, second joint white
mottled with dark gray, terminal joint black speckled with white ; antenna light
brownish cream color, basal joint darker ; thorax light ochreous brown, shoulders of
patagia, shade across middle and posterior end reddish brown — the shade known as
terracotta red. Abdomen light ochreous ; legs white, shaded with fuscous.

Forewing. — Costal half whitish ochreous, dorsal half reddish terracotta ; the
division line is dentate and very sharply defined, the red touches costa at base, thence
obliquely to fold at inner third, it then bulges out above the fold reaching middle of
cell before middle of wing, the upper edge of prominence is rounded from where it
curves concavely to middle of wing at end of cell, thence obliquely to tornus. Separated
from the dorsal red shade by a narrow line of light ochreous ground color, the red is
continued along termen. In apex is a large reddish brown spot, and two others of
same size on costa, between veins 8 and 10. The inner two thirds of costa is nar-
rowly edged with black and on the termen is a line of same color broken with white
over each vein. The dorsal margin is narrowly edged with black adjoining the red
area, and the latter is somewhat dotted and streaked with black; the upper edge of
red area is strongly marked with black, except at extreme base. Cilia grayish white,
dotted with fuscous.

Hindiving. — Light gray, cilia tinged with cinereous, underside the same. Under-
side forewing ochreous brown, costal spots repeated, tinged with purplish on dorsal
half

Nine specimens, Stockton, Utah, September 5-9, 1906, collected
by Tom Spalding. ^

Type in my collection. ' y

In venation and structure this species is like variabilis Busck, there
is also a superficial resemblanee, but regardless of the characteristic
red dorsal edging of invariabilis, the position of the black median
streaks is very different, in the latter they are deeply indentate Avhile
in the former they are straight lines.
Gelechia terminimaculella, new species.

Expanse 17-18. 5 mm.

Scales of head white, tipped with shining fuscous ; second joint of palpi grayish
white, lightly speckled with blackish brown, and a shade of the latter color at base
beneath, apical joint dark brown, dusted with white in the middle and at the tip;
antenna fuscous and white annulations ; thorax stone gray ; abdomen yellowish gray ;
legs gray, the anterior tarsi dark brown, annulated with whitish gray at the joints.

Sept., 190S.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.E AND TiNEINA. 185

Foi-ezving. — Stone gray, marked with black. The base of costa is blackish
gray, from the inner fifth a short black dash joins an oblique inverted comma-shaped
mark that extends to fold. Between this and base there is a small black dash in the
middle of wing and a dot on dorsal margin close to base. In the middle of cell
are two black dots, the upper one nearer the base ; above them the costa is slightly
sprinkled with black scales. At the outer third of costa there is a rounded shade of
blackish scales, extending down to middle of wing ; on the inner edge of this shade,
at end of cell, is an oblique, elongated black spot. The terminal line is a row of
dots, beginning with the costal cilia and following the termen to tornus, one dot
between each two veins ; before these dots the venal interspaces are very slightly
dusted with black. Cilia concolorous.

IJiii(iwi"g. — Very light gray, cilia with a faint yellowish tinge; underside the
same, with a clouding of fuscous along costa and in apex. Underside forewing dark
fuscous, with the terminal dots faintly repeated.

Six specimens, Aweme, Manitoba, June 13-16, Norman Criddle ;
Rounthwaite, Manitoba, June 15, L. E. Marmont.
Type in my collection.
The shape of wings and venation is exactly like figure of Gelechia

v*>-> serotinella Busck, Proc. U. S. N. M., XXV, 1902, the palpi structure

, agrees with G. alternaiella. The markings of the species are close to
ci! fondella Busck ; it can easily be separated by its larger size, the sepa-
rated dots on disc and by the prominent terminal line of black dots.

Gelechia alternatella, new species.

Expanse 14. 5-1 5. 5 mm.

Thorax and head mottled brown and bronzy black, darkest posteriorly, face
brown mixed with white scales ; labial palpi, second joint, white at base both inner
and outer surfaces, lower edge mottled with dark brown, this mottling extends over
the outer half both inside and out, apical joint very dark brown, sparsely dotted with
white ; antenna black, annulated with white ; abdomen, anterior edge each seg-
ment dark bronzy brown, posterior edges broadly white, and segment brown ; legs
black, annulated with white at joints ; tongue long, basal third scaled with whitish
gray in front ; ocelli present.

Forewi7ig. — There are four dark brown transverse streaks or fasciae, on a whitish
gray ground color, all of nearly equal width dividing the surface into sharply defined
alternate streaks of these colors. The brown is as follows : from the costa at base
an oblique fascia goes below fold but does not reach dorsum ; the base before and
below it is whitish gray ; before the middle is a transverse fascia slightly broader on
costa and denticulate in middle, on inner edge ; there is a broad shade of brown on
costa from middle to outer fourth, occupying the upper third of wing, from the mid-
dle of this a darker brown fascia curves obliquely to tornus ; there is a broad subter-
minal fascia from apex to tornus ; terminal line, beyond this is whitish gray. The
subterminal fascia makes a small brown spot in the costal cilia before apex, and in
the whitish space before it is another brown cilial spot on costa. Cilia gray at apex,
shading into whitish below, with three small clusters of darker scales on upper half
of termen. The gray-white ground color is somewhat mottled with brown scales.

186 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

Hindivin^. — Light brassy fuscous, cilia gray, underside whitish gray; under-
side forewing bronzy brown somewhat overlaid with white.

Five specimens, Aweme, Manitoba, May 12 to 25, collected by
Norman Criddle ; ten specimens from A. J. Oslar, Chimney Gulch,
Golden, Colo., April 14.

Type in my collection.

The venation, shape of wings and structure of palpi agree with
figure of Gelechia terrella Hbn. in Meyrick's Hand Book British Lepi-
doptera, except that vein 5 of hindwing rises about one third from
lower angle of cell and veins 6 and 7 are separate. Mr. Busck
regards this species as G. vi'rge//a Thnhg. {^longicornis Curt.). I have
carefully compared a series of this European species and do not agree
with his opinion.

Coleophora el£eagnisella, new species (PI. Ill, Figs. 7 and 8).

Expanse 15 to 21 mm.

Head, thorax and palpi dull white (or white with the least trace of a grayish
shade), palpi shaded with gray externally ; antennal brushes white in front, gray
behind, twice as long as basal joints; antenna white with broad cinereous annula-
tions ; abdomen cinereous ; legs dull white, anterior pair dusted with gray in front,
all faintly darker between joints.

Forewing. — Dull white, slightly shining, dotted sparsely to heavily with dark
brown in horizontal rows, except at extreme base ; the dark dots are more closely
spaced in apical third of wing. Nowhere do they congregate into larger spots or lines.
The white color extends out to the end of the cilia at extreme apex, and is heavily
dotted with dark brown ; below apex cilia is grayish cinereous.

Hindwing. — Shining grayish fuscous, cilia cinereous. Underside both wings
the same.

Winter case about 3 mm. long, the ends and under surface are dark brown, on
the upper surface is a large grayish patch : the case is scimeter-shaped, dorsal edge
well rounded, radius about 100°, ventral edge with an enlargement in the middle,
mouth at an angle of about 45° from the ventral line. It is securely attached by the
mouth end only to the bark, sometimes in a fork.

Mature case, 10-12 mm. long, 2.25 mm. wide, 1.75 mm. thick ; of the same
general shape as the winter case but less rounded on the dorsal edge, and the hump
on the ventral edge is depressed in the middle. The appearance of the mature case
would indicate that it was not entirely new, but that the winter case had been used
and enlarged by splitting along the ventral line and broadening it out with gray silk,
then adding to the open end as the larva required more room. The old part is
blackish brown, middle cinereous gray, outer end dark brown, the additions are
added on the same angle as the mouth opening, giving an oblique direction to the
ridges.

Fig. 7 shows maculation of forewing. Fig. 8 the large mature case
and the small winter case, all three drawn to same scale.

Sept., i9o8.] KeARFOTT : TORTRICID.E AND TlNElNA. 187

Described from twelve specimens and many cases all taken in
the Central Experiment Farms at Ottawa, Ontario, feeding on
Elccagnus argentea and the closely allied Hippophoe rhavinoides and
Shepherdia argentea. I am indebted to Dr. James Fletcher for the
botanical names and to both him and Mr. Arthur Gibson for collecting
the winter cases.

Type in my collection.

In the middle of June, 1907, the mature cases were found most
abundantly, in fact so much so, that the shrubs of Elceagtius and allied
plants very perceptibly showed the effect of the operations of the
larvffi. The latter were not sufficiently full fed at this date and only
one completed its transformations on July, 24. In 1908 Mr. Gibson
sent me about twenty mature cases, which produced eleven specimens
between July 4 and 25.

Nepticula slingerlandella, new species.

Expanse 3.5 to 5 mm.

Head and frontal tuft orange, antenna eye-caps and side tufts white ; antenna
whitish gray ; thorax bronzy black ; abdomen light gray ; legs yellowish white, pos-
terior tarsi finely ringed with black.

Forewing. — Bronzy black with a shining white fascia at outer third. Cilia and
hind wings light gray.

Type in my collection, numerous topotypes in Cornell University
collection ; all bred from blotch mines on leaves of plum in domestic
orchards near Rochester, N. Y.,by Prof. M. V. Slingerland, in whose
honor the species is named. In a forthcoming bulletin Professor
Slingerland will give a detailed account of the life history.

Incurvaria? dietziella, new species (PI. Ill, Fig. 6).

Expanse 6.5 to 10.5 mm.

Antenna finely serrate, thick, about two thirds as long as forewing, purplish
black. Labial palpi short, do not extend beyond face, clothed with long yellow
hairs mixed with brown. Max. palpi, if present, probably short, folded, concealed by
dense hairs on face. Tongue well developed, scaled above. Eyes round, prominent,
wide apart. Ocelli present. Head and face covered with long, light ochreous yellow
hairs. Abdomen bronzy black. Legs, anterior and middle pair bronzy black, poster-
ior pair grayish brown, whitish at joints and the tibiae much thickened with appressed
scales, from the upper side of which are emitted a dense pencil or cluster of hair-like
scales.

Forewing. — Ovate-lanceolate, obtusely pointed at apex ; 12 veins, 2 from lower
angle of cell, 7 and 8 stalked both to costa ; I* furcate at base. Cell widened in
outer third by absorption of accessory vein. Between 3 and 9 transverse vein is not
tubular. Color bronzy black, finely dotted with metallic blue. The ground color by
reflected light is golden and purple bronze ; the thorax exhibits the same reflections.
Cilia grayish below apex, above concolorous.

188 Journal New York. Entomological Society. [Voi. xvi.

Hindiving. — Broadly lanceolate, costa arched at base nearly straight to outer
fifth, apex obtusely rounded, termen oblique, straight ; dorsal margin nearly parallel
to costa. Eight veins, 5 and 6 short stalked, 7 from upper angle of cell ; I* furcate
at base ; between 3 and 7 transverse vein is not tubular. Color bronzy brown, slightly
shining, but without the brilliant gold reflections of the forewing ; grayish white above
cell ; cilia shining grayish brown. Underside both wings shining golden gray.

Described from about fifty specimens all taken in Essex County
Park, New Jersey, flying about or resting on the leaves and flowerets
of dogwood, Corn us candidissimus. May 30 to June 15.

Cotypes, Cat. No. 12,058 U.S.N. M., in Dr. Dietz's and my collec-
tions.

Named in honor of Wm. G. Dietz, M.D., of Hazleton, Pa., who
has recently revised the very difficult group to which this species
belongs. Dr. Dietz writes me that he believes that this species
represents a new and valid genus, but I prefer to leave this for future
settlement, which will be aided by the diagnosis and figures. The
specimens were all collected on two small clumps of C. candidissimus,
flying in the bright sunshine, morning and afternoon ; I visited these
clumps nearly every week during the summer and made exhaustive
efforts to find some clue to the life history, but without success.

This species is much like P. acerifoliella Fitch but besides the
structural differences, the forewings of latter are brilliant metallic blue,
the hindwings are grayer and the head tuft is a deeper, brighter orange.

Explanation of Plate.

Fig. I. Venation Sfeganoptycha bolliana Sling.

Fig. 2. Venation Covimophila timbrabasana sp. nov.

Fig. 3. Venation Chrysopora versicolorella sp. nov.

Fig. 4. YtnAiion , Chrysopora lingiilacella (Z\tn\.

Fig. 5. Venation Argyresthia laricella sp. nov.

Fig. 6. Venation Incurva7-ia dietziella sp. nov.

Fig. 7. Venation forewing, Coleophoia elcEagnisella sp. nov.

Fig. 8. Cases of Coleophorn eheagnisella sp. nov.

Jour. N. Y. Eiit. Soc.

Vol. XVI. PL III.

',>T55'^^i7^*V^-

8

TortricidcE and Tineina.

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN
CRAMBID MOTHS.

By William Dunham Kearfott,

Of Montclair, Neio Jersey.

Among the fifty-odd thousand specimens of North American micro-
lepidoptera which I have acquired during the past ten years, there
have been many specimens belonging to the subfamily Crambinse of
the Pyralidse, which have been placed in storage boxes awaiting an
opportunity for authentic determination and arrangement. During
the early part of this year I spent several days in Prof. C. H. Fer-
nald's hospitable home, and, with his aid, secured the names of all
that were already described; but there remained a large number of
species that were apparently new to science.

Only the most interesting of these, and only those that are repre-
sented usually by good series, are treated in the present paper. There
is an opportunity in this family for an excellent piece of work, with
the aid of the microscope and camera-lucida, which would open up a
wide field in the wonderful diversity and characters of the antenna?
and head parts particularly, as may be noted by figs. 7 to 12 on
pages 387 to 391, representing some of the Thaumatopsids. I hope
some one with more time to devote to the group will become as enthu-
siastic as I have after this brief study. The most necessary work of
reference, treating of the world's genera and species, is Hampson's
Classification in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London,
1895, and, of course, for the North American fauna, Fernald's Revi-
sion of 1896 will be found useful.

Genus USCODYS Dyar.«

Head with small tuft of broad-raised scales between ahtennal
joints, frons slightly roughed.

" At the last moment, I am compelled to withdraw a new name proposed for
this genus, and substitute Uscodys, erected by Dr. Dyar in a paper issued
Sept. 15, 1908, a part of the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Wash-
ington, Vol. X, and thus avoid a synonym.

Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXXV-No. 1649.

867

368

PROCEEDINGS OF TEE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

VOL. XXXV.

Antenna, male, slightly dentate and microscopically pubescent;
female, simple, basal joint large and ridged on inner side, forming a
deep socket in which the second joint is movable.

Labial palpi extends 3^ times eye- width beyond head, second joint
densely tufted below, tuft reaching to end of apical joint; latter
obtusely pointed and except at base not hidden by scales of median
joint.

Maxillary palpi, nearly half length of labial, triangularly scaled.

Tongue moderate, closely coiled between labial palpi.

Ocelli absent.

Thorax smooth.

Fore wing over 2| times as long as wide ; costa very slightly ached,
curving more to apex; latter rounded, obtuse; termen slightly convex,

Fig. 1. — Ventation of Uscodys cestalis.

??5t?^»

Fig. 2. — Two views of head .struc-
ture of uscodys cestalis.

about 45°; dorsal margin nearly straight. Vein l^ftc present; 1^
not furcate at base ; 2 from outer fifth of cell ; 3, 4, and 5 about equi-
distant at origin ; 6 from below upper angle ; 7, 8, and 9 stalked ; 10
separate close to 7+8+9; 11 from outer third of cell.

Hind wing, lower median vein with long scales above; frenulum
of one spine only in both sexes ; slightly wider than fore wing ; costa
slightly depressed before middle and convex beyond, apex obtusely
rounded ; termen 45°. Veins 1 « ^ ^ present ; 1 ^ not furcate at base ; 2
from outer fourth of cell ; 3 before end of cell ; 4 and 5 close at origin
from lower angle"; 6 and 7 connate from upper angle; 8 very close to
cell its whole length, but not coincident with it as in other Crambinae.

Legs smoothly scaled.

Habitus rather stout.

Type. — Uscodys cestalis Hulst.

« The furcation at outer end of vein 4 of hind wing as shown in fig. 1 has
been only found in one side of one specimen; a number of others examined
showed no trace of this abortion. [

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 359

USCODYS CESTALIS (Hulst).

Anerastia cestalis Hulst, Trans. Anier. Eut. Soc, XIII, 1SS6, p. 164.
Aglossa cestalis Fernald, Smith's List Lep. Bor, Amer., 1891, No. 4215.
Aglossa cestalis Fernald, Bull. 52., U. S. Nat. Mus., 1902, No. 4512.
Aglossa costalis Kearfott, Smith's List Lep. Bor. Amer., 1903, No. 4883.
Vscodys cestalis, Dyar, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., X, 1908, p. 101.

After examination of specimens of this species in 1904 Doctor Dyar
advised me that it belonged to neither the Epipaschiinoe nor the
Pyralinse, where it had been placed by Hulst and Fernald, but should
be included in the subfamily Crambinae, suggesting that it was
" n. gen. et «/>." Shortly afterwards, when visiting the Hulst collec-
tion at New Brunswick, he saw Hulst's type, thus securing the specific
name.

The species seems to be very abundant in southwestern Arizona.
More than one hundred specimens have passed through my hands
from both desert and mountain collections. Among the localities are
Yuma County, Arizona, desert, March 26 to April 10, J. B. Smith ;
Yavapai County, Arizona, March 10-31, J. B. Smith; southern
Arizona, August 1-15, O. C. Poling; Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima
County, Arizona, July 15-30, O. C. Poling.

The species is somewhat variable in the intensity of the markings
and of the light and dark shades. The females have dark gray or
dark cinereous hind wings, while these wings in the male are whitish
gray. The fore wings of the males are also lighter generally than
the other sex. The general appearance of the fore wing is a mottled
gray, with a conspicuous triangular whiter patch on upper half of
wing and touching costa from middle to outer fifth ; the males average
from 22 to 26 mm. and the females from 25 to 32 mm.

This species seems to have been entirely ignored by both Ragonot
and Hampson in the seventh and eighth volumes of Romanoff's
Memoires sur les Lepidopteres.*^ It does not appear in the specific
index of either volume, nor could I find it in the text or footnotes ap-
proximating the place it should be if Hulst's generic position had been
followed.

PRIONAPTERYX STEPHENS and allied genera.

The species included in the four genera below bear a strong
superficial likeness to each other and readily form a small subfamily
group in the Crambinae which are not easily confused with any other
species or genera of the large family. Except in one genus {Surat-
tha) they are all characterized by an incision in the termen of fore
wing at end of vein 5, or in more modified species the termen below 5
is well cut away, leaving a projection on the upper half of wing.

In markings the species are of combinations of cream white,
ochreous to dark brown or grayish brown; the inner line is usually

'^ Monographic des Phycitinae et des Galleriinae.
Proc. N. M. vol. XXXV— 08 24

370 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

strongly dentate and is frequently emphasized by enlarged spots on
lower half. The terminal line and costal, apical, and marginal spots
are the most constant marks for separation, and with good figures
bringing out these characters, it would be very easy to separate the
species.

The venation and structural characters seem to be subject to very
little variation in each species, but there is a great divergence in the
different species, quite sufficient, I think, to divide some of the genera
into several others or subgenera. I have not thought it necessary to
go into these differences at the present time, as the subject is so ably
covered by Sir George Hampson's classification, hence particular at-
tention is only called to the structure of such species as are character-
ized as new.

No doubt continued collecting in Mexico, Central and South
Americas will add many interesting species to the lists, as the groups
seem to be most common in the subtropical regions. Little or nothing
is known of the life histories, excepting one species, P. nehulifera
Stephens, which has been well w^orked out by Mr. E. Daecke.''

The larva of this species is solitary, feeding on the leaves of huckle-
berry {Vaccinium sp.) and sand myrtle {Dendrium huxi folium). It
has the peculiar habit of constructing a tube of sand and silk on the
stalk and stems of its food plant, forming a covered, protecting pas-
sage from a hole in the ground near the root, into which it retreats
when danger threatens, to the fresh leaves upon which it feeds.

This clew should assist collectors in the arid regions of Arizona
and New^ Mexico to the life histories of the several species which are
quite common there, especially as these tubes must be rather con-
spicuous objects.

ANALYTICAL KEY TO GENERA.

1. Fore wing with ternien entire Surattha Walker.

Upper half of termen strongly produced 2

2. Vein G, hind wing, from upper angle of cell ^ Mesolia Ragonot.

Vein 6, from below angle 3

3. Veins 4 and 5, fore wing, separate at origin Prionaptenjx Stephens.

Veins 4 and 5, stalked or connate Eugrotea Fernald.

Genus SURATTHA Walker.

Surattha Walker, Cat. Brit. Mus., XXVII, 1863, p. 75.
Calarina Walker, Cat. Brit. Mus., XXXV, 1S66, p. 1770.
Surattha Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 905.

Hampson's description of this genus is as follows :

Palpi porrect and thickly scaled, extending about one and a half times length
of head; maxillary palpi triangularly scaled; frons with a conical process;

" Entom. News, XVI, pp. 12-14, pi. ii.

* In some male specimens of M. oraculella vein G is from slightly below upper
angle.

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAM BID MOTHS— KEARFOTT.

371

anteniifv of male bipectenated, usually with long branches; tibia* with the spurs
long, the outer spurs about two-thirds length of inner.

Fore wing long and narrow ; the apex rounded ; vein 3 from near angle of
cell; 4, 5 usually on a long stalk; 6, 7, and 10, 11 free. Hind wing with vein
3 from near angle of cell ; 5 absent; 6 obsolesceat, from above middle of disco-
cellulars ; 7 anastomosing with 8.

SURATTHAC?) SANTELLA, new species.

Expanse, 19 mm.

Palpi, head and thorax dark cream, speckled with light brown;
the outer ends of palpi, both inside and out, are shaded with darker
brown ; antenna* dark cream, annulated with light brown ; abdomen
whitish cream, upper side first segment shaded with reddish brown,
and a brownish tinge on the next two segments, anal tuft ochreous
brown; legs cream Avhite; tarsi annulated with brown.

Fore wing white, with shades and marks of light and dark ochre-
ous brown. There is a transverse white line in middle of wing, with
two sharp angulations on outer edge, in middle of wing; before this
line the basal half is white, well
mottled with light and dark
brown. Beyond the line there is
a parallel light brown line of
same width; between this and the
terminal and apical lines and
marks the surface is principally
white, dusted with brown in hori-
zontal streaks. About one-sixth
before apex the white subterminal
line starts from costa and goes
straight to termen at end of veins 4 and 5; it then goes obliquely
inward to fold, below end of cell, having two spurs below; it then
follows fold outward nearly to termen, where it is lost in the mottled
ground color. It is paralleled on both sides by brown ; on the outside
the brown shade extends to the white terminal patches. Just before
apex is a broad white dash from costa to termen at end of vein 6, con-
necting there with a small white dot, on which is a black dot. Be-
tween 5 and 2 is a white terminal patch containing three black dots.
The cilia is shining w^hite, alternated with light fuscous in middle of
wing and darker at apex; before the cilia is a narrow light brown
line. Over the upper angle of cell is a prominent rounded brown dot.

Hind wings light, smoky gray, cilia whitish, underside the same.
Underside fore wing pale ochreous brown, with white aj^ical and ter-
minal spots faintly repeated.

Described from 2 specimens collected by O. C. Poling in South
Arizona.

Types in Author's collection.

Fig.

Venation of foke wing
surattha santella.

372 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

This species differs from Hampson's diagnosis of Surattha in fol-
lowing items:

Antenna simple, not bipectenated.

Tibial spurs, both pairs nearly same length, outer at least three-
fourths as long as inner. Otherwise the venation is identical with
Hampson's figure. The conical process on front of head is a curious
chitinous extension of the clypeus (?), and is no doubt used by the
moth for effecting its escape from its probably earthy, dry, and
hard pupal habitation. Fig. 3 shows outer end of fore wing.

SURATTHA INDENTELLA, new species.

Expanse, male, 22.5-23.5 mm.

Head white in front, light ochreous above; labial palpi white in-
ternally, externally pale ochreous, shaded with brown at apex;
maxillary palpi pale ochreous; antenna bipectinate, with long-
branches, stalk whitish, branches blackish brown; thorax creamy
ochreous, the outer ends of scales slightly darker, especially of
patagia?; abdomen light grayish ochreous, posterior edge of each
segment narrowly white above, the three first segments shaded with
ochreous above; legs whitish, dusted with pale ochreous.

Fore wing, ground color creamy ochreous ; the outer ends of scales
are light brown, giving a speckled appearance under lens; there is
a dark brown oblique fascia from inner fifth of costa to inner third
of dorsum, almost obsolete at costa, but broad and well defined on
low^er four-fifths ; a dentate transverse brown line at middle of wing,
Avith two strong outward spurs; both the basal fascia and the den-
tate inner line are edged on both sides by paler lines. The subtermi-
nal line from outer sixth of costa is only slightly oblique to upper
third, then slightly convex to outer fifth of dorsum, it is white, over-
laid with shining pinkish scales ; inwardly it is defined by a dark brown
line ; below middle of wing the white extends into marginal space and
is marked by three horizontal black dashes; above middle, ground
color is brown w^ith a whitish cloud before apex. Terminal edging
brown. Between subterminal line and inner dentate line is a small
brown discal dot on upper third of wing. Cilia whitish ocherous,
shaded with light fuscous, cut by a white dash at middle ; above this
the basal half of cilia is conspicuously darker than outer.

Hind wing, dark smoky brow^n, paler toward base, cilia whitish;
underside lighter, with a whitish streak from base to termen, through
middle of cell and between veins 4-f 5 and 6. Underside fore wing
light ochreous brown.

Two male specimens, from National Museum collection, Amarillo,
Texas, August 30, 1902, Cockerell.

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 11048, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

The venation and structure of this species agrees exactly with
Hampson's, fig. 47, p. 9G5, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, except that
termen of fore wing is slightly indented at veins 4 and 5.

NO. 1649. yORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 373

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF MESOLIA.

3. Fore wing with whitish or yellowish uiarli on niitldle of costa.

inccrtella Zinck.

r

This character absent 2

2. Ground color fore wing principally white oruculella Kearfott.

Ground color principally ochreous gray 3

3. Dentations of inner line of fore wing acutely pointed.

h uaehiicaella Kearfott.
Points of these dentations rounded or obtuse bahoquivaricUa Kearfott.

MESOLIA ORACULELLA, new species.

Expanse, male, 20-24 mm ; female, 27-30 mm.

Head with conical process in front, light brown in front, darker
brown around and between bases of antennae, these shades separated
b}' a cream white transverse line; labial palpi cream white, heavil}^
overlaid externally, in male with grayish-brown, more lightly in
female; maxillary palpi cream white, apical joint shaded with light
broAvn: antennae, male flattened and broadened, female simple, gray-
ish cinereous ; thorax, collar and patagia cream white, former shaded
with light brown dorsally and latter at base, centrally the thorax is
bronzy gray ; abdomen dark cream or pale coffee color, posterior
edges of first three segments ochreous ; legs cream white, tarsi banded
with light brown.

Fore wing, a broad median white streak and the costa edged with
white, beginning at inner third and broadening outwardly ; elsewhere
the ground color is light grayish brown. The inner line begins on
costa between middle and outer third as an outwardly oblique brown
dash on the white ground color; below this are two superimposed
horizontal dashes of darker brown, their outer ends connected by an
ochreous brown curved line; the lower dash is in the middle of the
Avhite median streak; beyond middle of wing on vein I'' is a dark
brown streak with a short upper limb beneath the white median band
and a longer lower limb following I'' to tornus; between this dorsal
mark and the spots in middle of wing the inner line is obsolete.
The subterminal line is an oblique brown line from outer fifth of
costa to U23per third of wing, thence to tornus, slightly outwardly
concave, it is edged outwardly with a white line of equal width;
beyond the color is light brown, cut on upper third by a fine Avhite
line which nearly reaches termen below apex ; on the lower two-thirds
is a large white oblong spot, containing no black dots or dashes.
Before the cilia is a fine brown, terminal line. Above the incision
the cilia is white, divided by a broad brown line and edged outwardly
with brownish gray ; in the incision are a few long white scales with-
out any brown markings; below incision cilia is white, shading out-
wardly into grayish brown. The lines from costa on upper third of
wing are all parallel to each other. The white shade between the

374 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

inner and subterminal lines in some specimens forms a distinct white
fascia, more or less dusted, especially on the veins with brown. There
is a variation in the specimens, caused by the intensity of the brown
scaling.

Hind wing whitish cinereous, cilia white, with a fine pale brown
line beyond base; underside the same. Underside of fore wing pale
ochreous.

Six specimens, Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima County, Arizona,
July 15-30, O. C. Poling; South x\rizona, August 1-15, Poling;
Oracle, Arizona, July 12, E. A. Schwartz,

Coti/pes.—CSit No. 119-19, TJ.S.N.M., and in the Author's collection.

This species may prove to be a light form of bahoquivariella Kear-
fott, basing the type of the latter upon the dark form from Huachuca
Mountains. From this specimen the description was written. Since
then I have obtained additional specimens of both sexes, which can
undoubtedly be referred to hahoquicariella. In these dark forms the
white median streak is nearly obsolete, the white subterminal area
is not distinctly defined, but the veins are slightly outlined with
white. I shall therefore eliminate the four badly rubbed specimens
received from Professor Snow, as cotypes of hahoquivariella. I hope
additional material in jDcrfect condition will prove the correctness
of these views.

MESOLIA BABOQUIVARIELLA (Kearfott).

Prionapteryx Mhoquivariclla Kearfott, Can. Ent., XXXIX, 1907, p. 5.

Certain structural details omitted in the description should be re-
corded.

Male. — Antenna thickened and flattened; projection in termen of
fore wing acute but hardly hooked. Venation fore wing: 4 absent;
6 from very near upper angle of cell ; 7, 8, and 9 stalked ; 10 and 11
from cell, free. Venation hind wing: 3 and 4+5 separate at base; 4
and 5 stalked two-thirds; 6 present from upper angle of cell; 7 and
8 coincident beyond cell, then separately to margins.

Female. — Venation same as male ; antenna simple.

The structure places this species in the very closely related genus
Mesolia Ragonet, and in section I, between divisions A and B, as de-
fined by Hampson.«

MESOLIA HUACHUCAELLA, new species.

Expanse, male, 15-10 mm; female, 17-20 mm.

Head grayish brown, white in front; palpi darker than head,
ochreous internally; antenna flattened and broadened in male, sim-
ple in female, ochreous gray; thorax cream white, more or less
shaded with ochreous brown, especially the anterior end; abdomen

a Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, pp. 962-963.

NO. 1G49. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 375

light ochreous brown, darker above on first three segments; legs
white, tarsi banded with dark brown.

Fore wing dark grayish brown; under a lens this dark color is
very mottled, as the bases of the scales are lighter, ochreous or whit-
ish, than the tips. On and beloAV the fold is a whitish streak, defined
by an oblique dark streak on inner third and the dark brown of inner
line at outer third. There is a distinct white spot on outer third of
costa, between the inner and subterminal lines. The inner line is
dark broAvn from outer third of costa, with two long and sharp out-
ward angulations at upper and lower thirds; from the latter it sends
a long line, dilated at end, to middle of dorsum ; it is edged inwardly
with white. The brown subterminal line from outer fifth is straight
and almost runs into incision; below this it is not distinctly defined,
but indicated by brown scales on the veins, giving a wavy appear-
ance, to tornus. The space between these lines is more white than
elsewhere on the wing, but is dusted with brown, in some specimens
heavily. The subterminal line is edged with white on upper third,
beyond which is a broad olivaceous brown line, then a fine white line,
followed by a darker brown triangular apical spot. Below incision,
on termen, is an oblong white spot. Terminal line, before cilia, very
narrow, brown. Cilia above incision white, divided by a blackish
line near base and blackish outwardly; below incision grayish white.

Hind wing cinereous gray, cilia white, with a faintly darker line
close to base ; underside paler. Underside fore wing light gray, with
white costal marks faintly repeated.

Eighteen specimens. Globe, Arizona, August 25, Kunze; Phoenix,
Arizona, August, Kunze; Yuma County, Arizona, through J. B.
Smith; Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, Poling; Nogales, Arizona,
July 22, Oslar; Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, July 24-31,
from U. S. National Museum; Albuquerque, New Mexico, July 21,
Oslar; Oracle, Arizona, July 0, Schwarz; Mesilla Park, New Mexico,
3,800 feet, Cockerell; Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima County, Ari-
zona, July 15-30, Poling,

Coty pes. —Cat. No. 11950, U.S.N.M., and the Author's collection.

This species is unlike any of our Mesolia-Prionapteryx group in the
decided grayer hue of the fore wings; all the other species have a
superficially ochreous or ochreous-brown tinge, and it can be easily
separated by this character; the average size is also smaller.

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF I'BIONAPTEBYX.

1. Fore wins with white cloud at inner third nebulifera Stephens.

Fore wing without this cloud 2

2. With sinuate transverse white line at base of fore wing serpenteUa Kearfott.

Without this chai'acter 3

3. With white dash on middle of teriuen achatina Zellor.

Without this white dash cuneolalis Hulst.

376 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

PRIONAPTERYX SERPENTELLA, new species.

Expanse, 18-21 mm.

Head Avh.ite, slightlj^ speckled with brown, a brown spot in front;
on top and behind it are two smaller ones; labial palpi, basal joint
externally and basal and median joints internally white, outer half
above, internally shaded with leaden fuscous; externally there is a
black patch on basal joint (a small dot of same color behind it
under eye) ; second joint narrowly white at base, then broAvn above,
shading into leaden fuscous; maxillary palpi with a black spot at
extreme base, another about middle of first joint, and a brown shade
above and below the outer joint, internally white; antenna annulated
Avhite and dark brown ; thorax white, heavily mottled with brown ;
abdomen ochreous white; there is a posterior dark brown streak on
second segment ; underside whitish with subventral brown line on
middle segments; legs pale ochreous; tarsi banded with brown.

Fore wing dark chocolate brown, marked with pearly white. From
the base below costa a sinuate line goes to inner fifth, curves under
across fold, then proceeds obliquely to dorsum at inner third ; there
it curves upward and inward, ending at fold. At the base is a
whitish dorsal patch which joins the inner end of this sinuate line.
There is a broken middle transverse line, much angulated; the upper
part starts beyond middle of costa, curves obliquely outward, and
sends a very fine line outward to subterminal ; in the middle of wing
is a crescent-shaped mark which forms the middle section ; this sends
a fine inwardly oblique line to the outer part of the sinuate line.
There is a white streak on outer fourth of costa and a dusting of
white below it on lower half of wing. The terminal line is shining
white ; from the costa it is sharply oblique into the angle above the
termen incision, thence as sharply oblique inward to under its start-
ing point on costa, thence nearly straight to dorsum, with a slight
angle at lower fifth; adjoining it outwardly is a broad triangular
white patch in middle of wing and a small white patch at tornus; a
triangular white apical streak is narrowly edged outwardly with
broAvn. Above the incision the cilia is white at base, brown out-
wardly ; below it is Avhite at base, shading into gray externally.

Hind wing Avhitish gray, cilia white ; underside the same. Under-
side fore wing light cinereous gray, with the dark and whitish spots
in apex repeated.

Six specimens, Vernon and Sabine parishes, Louisiana, June and
July, collected by George Coverdale ; Cocoanut Grove, Florida, E. A.
Schwarz, from National ^lu.seum collections.

Cotypes. — Cat. No. 11951, U.S.N.M., and the Author's collection.

The venation is the same as P. nehulifcra Stephens, and the colors
are alike in both species, but the markings are entirely diflferent.

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 377

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF EUGROTEA.

1. Veins of outer third fore wing outlined in wliite yavapai Kearfott.

Veins not outlined in white dentella Fernald.

EUGROTEA (?) YAVAPAI, new species.

Expanse, 19-22 mm.

Head whitish ochreous, speckled with brown ; palpi whitish ochre-
ous, shaded with brown externally and on top at base of apical joint;
maxillary palpi shaded externally at outer end with light brown;
antenna whitish ochreous, broadly annulated with brown, the latter
speckled with whitish ; thorax creamy ochreous, with whitish patches
in middle and on patagia, somewhat speckled with brown, especially
marginally and posteriorly ; abdomen pale ochreous, darker on dorsal
part of each segment ; legs whitish ochreous, tarsi banded with brown.

Fore wing mottled white, ochreous and brown. The white oc-
curs in the base, dorsally, in the fold ; a transverse twice angulated
line in middle of wing, a broad patch on costa before subterminal
line; a small spot on costa at beginning of subterminal, a large spot
in apex, and on termen between the veins; between 2 and 5, the spots
are confluent; the white subterminal line is angulated outwardly to
vein 6, then inwardly to dorsum before tornus. The ochreous shades
are on inner half of costa, on upper and lower veins of cell, and in
the dark patch before the subterminal line. The dark brown is
dusted over the whole wing, except where the ochreous and white
replace it ; the most conspicuous marks are a prominent round spot
over upper angle of cell; two or three horizontal short lines in the
white patch on termen between 2 and 5; a costal spot between sub-
terminal line and white apical spot, a similar one below it; a termi-
nal line of brown is succeeded by a thin whitish line at the base of
the shining leaden brown cilia.

Hind wing pale ochreous gray, cilia whitish. Underside both
wings whitish, the fore wing mottled with pale ochreous.

Described from thirteen specimens; twelve from Yavapai County,
Arizona, April, from J. B. Smith; one specimen, Colorado, New
Mexico, at light, July 10, Cockerell, from National Museum collec-
tions.

Coti/pes. — Cat. No. 11952, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

There is some variety in the intensity of the colors. Some speci-
mens have but little of the dark brown scaling, but there does not
seem to be any variation in the arrangement of the markings.

I am in doubt where to place this .species. As will be .seen by fig. 4,
the outline of fore wing and venation are very different from nehii-
life7Xi Stephens, the type of genus Prionapteryx ,• it is nearer to
Siirattha Walker, differing in the simple antenna and in 6 and 7 of
fore wing from a point, but owing to stalking of 4+5 of fore

378

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

VOL. XXXV.

wing, I prefer to place it under Eugrotea with a query. The prin-
cipal points of structure are as follows:

Head Avith conical chitinous process in front ; rather loosely scaled.
Antenna simple.

Labial palpi extends 2^ times eye-width beyond head; second joint
long tufted below, concealing the terminal joint.

Maxillary palpi nearly half length of labial; triangularly scaled.
Tongue moderate.
Ocelli present.
Thorax smoothly scaled.

Fore wing less than 2^ times long as wide; costa straight, apex
obtusely rounded, not produced ; termen slightly rounded and lightly
indented at end of vein 4, angle about 15° from vertical; dorsum
slightly rounded. Venation : Veins 1" and 1^ obsolete ; V' not furcate

at base; 2 from outer
fourth of cell; 3 from
near end of cell ; 4-f 5 long
stalked ; 6-J-7 short stalked
or strongly connate; 7 out
of 8 beyond middle; 10
free from before end of
cell ; 11 coincident with 12
for its outer two thirds.

Hind wing 1^ as wide
as fore wing; lower me-
dian vein hairy above;
costa nearly straight, apex
rounded, termen straight
in middle of wing, round-
ing at tornus. Venation:
-labc present, 1 ^ not furcate
at base; 2 from outer third of cell; 3 from before lower angle; 4-|-5
coincident from angle ; 6 from middle of cell ; 7 and 8 coincident for
a short distance beyond cell, former from upper angle.

CRAMBUS COCKLEELLUS, new species.

Fig. 4. — Vexation of Eugrotea yavapai.

Expanse, 25-30 mm.

Head white, collar yellow; maxillary palpi white; labial palpi
creamy white inside, dark coppery brown outside; antenna coppery
gray, faintly annulated with white, shaded with wdiite on basal seg-
ments; thorax white on middle, laterally and patagia coppery yellow;
abdomen grayish fuscous, first three joints above and anal tuft shaded
with ochreous brown; legs, femur, and tibia of front pair whitish,
otherwise ochreous brown.

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 379

Fore wing coppery yellow ; the silvery white stripe is very narrow,
of about equal thieluiess throughout, with a slight spur below at
inner third; outer end obtusely pointed and not quite reaching to
subterminal line. The ground color above it is a little wider than
stripe; costa not edged with white. On dorsal margin from base to
subterminal line is a white line of half the width of median stripe,
edged above with dark scales. There is a narrow white streak on
costa at outer fourth, before the subterminal line; the latter begins
at outer fifth, goes slightly obliquely outward to upper third, then
obliquely inward to dorsum, it is shining white; beyond it on costa
is a small triangular, inwardly oblique white patch, duplicated below
apex, leaving a ground color spot in apex. The lower two-thirds of
margin is white, inwardly dotted with brown and with a marginal
row of five black dots on veins 2 to 6. Radiating from the median
stripe, the veins are overlaid with silvery gray; these radiations do
not extend beyond end of stripe, leaving a broad ground color band
before the subterminal line. Cilia pearly gray, white at base of upper
third.

Hind wing light gray, cilia whitish ; underside the same. Under-
side fore wing dark gray, ochreous on costa, a terminal row of black
dots.

Three specimens. Bear Lake and Jacksons Creek, near Kaslo,
British Columbia, August 10-11, collected by J. W. Cockle, and in
whose honor it is named.

Type in Author's collection, paratype in Cockle collection.

Probably closer to C. dumetellus Hiibner than any other species
known from North America.

CRAMBUS TRICHUSALIS Hulst.

Crambus trichusalis Hulst, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XIII, 1886, p. 165.
Crambus dumetellus Feknald, Spl. Bull. Mass. Agri. Coll., 1896, p. 33.

Expanse, 24-27 mm.

Head white, faintly gray in front; labial palpi white internally,
shining gray outside; maxillary palpi white, gray at base; antenna
ochreous gray, basal joints shaded with white; abdomen white, shin-
ing ochreous gray laterally and on patagia, collar behind eyes, ochre-
ous; abdomen white, shaded with ochreous above on first four seg-
ments; legs light ochreous.

Fore wing yellowish gray. The median silvery white stripe is
narrow, running out to a fine point nearly touching subterminal line ;
a short spur at inner third sends a short white line into fold; the
stripe below for inner third is edged with ochreous. Below the
costa is a white line from base to middle ; above it the costa is edged
with dark gray. The subterminal line is silvery white; the angle

380 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

is below upper third; before and behind it on costa are large tri-
angular Avhite streaks; on each side of the mottled gray and brown
apical spots are smaller white spots. Below the angle of the sub-
terminal line the margin is white, outwardly marked with a row of
four or five black dots. Dorsal edge narrowly white; beyond the
middle the extreme edge is gray, below the white line. Beyond end
of cell the veins are overlaid with silvery white, but not extending to
subterminal line. Cilia pearly gray, white at base.

Hind wing whitish gray, darker along costa and in apex, underside
the same. Underside fore wing dark gray, termen white, veins
dotted with black.

Four specimens, High Bridge, Alberta (Thos. Baird), Regina,
July 24, all received from Mr. T. N. Willing; Redvers, Saskatche-
wan, A. J. Croker.

Homotype in Author's collection.

I had the foregoing description written, under a new name, when
a visit to the Hulst collection at New Brunswick showed that my
supposed new species was trichusalis. Hulst's type is in excellent con-
dition, and I hardly see how it could have been made a synonym of
dumetellus Hiibner. The median silver line of the latter ends at
outer third; beyond it and 'below it is an elongated silver spot; in
trichusalis the silver streak extends in a continuous line, nearly touch-
ing the subterminal line, at the outer sixth or seventh of the wing.
I have no European specimens of dumetellus, but the figures in both
British Pyralides by Leech, 1886, and Lepidoptera of the British
Islands by Barrett, 1905, show this character. It is also shown in
Fernald's fig. 2, PI. Ill, Crambidse of North America. I feel en-
tirely safe in restoring Hulst's name to specific rank."

CRAMBUS YOUNGELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 17-18.5 mm.

Palpi, head, and thorax white, labial palpi on exterior surface,
maxillary palpi at base, and patagia shaded with ochreous brown;
antenna grayish white, abdomen white, with a slight yellowish tinge,
anal tuft darker ; legs white, dusted and banded with brown.

Fore wing bright ochreous brown, a darker shade along costal edge.
The usual silvery white stripe is very broad to middle of wing. To
this point its lower edge is bounded by the fold, and from which it
angles from both upper and lower edges to a point ending midway
between veins 5 and 6 and one-third the distance from end of cell to
termen. On the inner half of wing the costa is dark gray brown, in

<* Since the above was written I have received a long series of European speci-
mens of dumetellus, and they fully confirm this opinion ; in fact, I have seen no
specimens from North America which could possibly be referred to this species,
and believe it should be stricken from our lists.

NO. 1649. XORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 381

a narrow line, about one-fourth the width of the silver stripe. At the
lower angle of stripe there is a very slight tooth. Beyond the stripe
in middle of wing is a short silvery white streak, outwardly touching
the angle of the subterminal line and iuAvardly slightly underlapping
the end of the silvery stripe. On costa before subterminal line is a
long, narrow, triangular, outwardly oblique white mark, and beyond
the line a much smaller white costal da.sh. The subterminal line
starts from outer fifth on costa, angles obliquely outward to upper
third, then parallels termen to dorsum; it is shining grayish white,
outlined inwardly by a clear brown line; above the angle is a light
ochreous brown triangular spot in apical space; below the angle the
subterminal is bounded outwardly by a line or shade of mottled white
and grayish brown. The terminal line is black, above the angle solid,
below the angle divided into four or five black dots, the latter are
ground color in the interspaces ; in the upper third this black line is
bordered on both sides by a vertical white line, on the outer side
overrunning the cilia. On the outer third of wing the veins are over-
laid with shining gray, jnore or less outlined with scattered black
scales. The dorsal edge is narrowly silvery white from base to
tornus; the outer half is edged above with scattered black scales.
Cilia irridescent pearly white.

Hind wing light gray, cilia paler ; underside the same shade below
middle, above and under side fore wing darker gray.

Described from ten specimens, Mer Bleue, Ontario, July 2-10, col-
lected by C. H. Young, whose name it is a great pleasure to honor.

" Mer Bleue " is a huge sphagnum swamp about 20 miles south of
Ottawa. This species is nearer to hidens Zeller than any other North
American form known to me; it is slightly smaller, but of the same
dainty appearance; it can be readily separated by the white streak
between stripe and termen. In this respect it is nearer pascuellus
Linnaeus.

C oty pes. —C2it. No. 12060, U.S.N.M., Mr. Young's and the Author's
collections.

CRAMBUS BIDENS Zeller.

Mr. Young was successful in collecting a large series of this rare
species near Ottawa about the middle of July, including many
females, which possess a peculiarity that I have not seen recorded.
In this sex the broad white stripe is suffused on the upper half with
brown ; this suffusion does not extend to the upper edge, which is nar-
rowly silvery. I have also captured this species in a piece of bog-
land in the pine barren district of New Jersey, near Lacy, about the
middle of the State, about 10 miles from the ocean. Curiously the
same species of orchid were growing in this spot as I observed a year
before in the sphagnum swamp at Mer Bleue. None of the Lacy
specimens showed this sufl'usion.

382 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

Aweme, Manitoba, is another locality for this species, collected by
Mr. Criddle August 9.

CRAMBUS POLINGI, new species.

Expanse, 1(5-19 mm.

Head and palpi white, labial externally and maxillary palpi at
base shaded with grayish brown; antenna cinereous; thorax shining
Avhite with a yellowish gray hue; abdomen whitish brown; legs white,
lightly shaded with brown.

Fore wing white, thickly speckled with light purplish brown ; above
the cell the dark scales have a cinereous tinge and are closer together,
forming a stripe on the inner two-thirds; between this and fold the
dark scales are almost absent. Median line is indicated by an out-
wardly oblique dash from costa at outer third, a horizontal dash be-
fore it on fold, and below this a small dot on dorsal margin. The sub-
terminal line from outer sixth of costa is white, bounded on each side
by purplish brown lines; the outer one merges into a spot on costa
before apex; this line curves outwardly to vein 7, then parallels
termen; between each two veins it is inwardly rounded. Between it
and the dark purple terminal line is a broader whitish line. Cilia
shining yellowish cinereous.

Hind wing pale ochreous, underside whiter; underside fore wing
same shade, but darker.

Described from fifteen specimens. South Arizona, August 1-15,
collected by O. C. Poling.

In shape, size, 'and general appearance this species is very close to
elegans Clemens, but the markings are very distinct; the easiest
one by which to separate them is the subterminal line, which in this
sf)ecies is beautifully and evenly corrugated its entire length, these
corrugations affecting the paralleling lines in the termen; the mar-
ginal row of black dots of elegans is entirely absent in this species.

Cotype.—Cdii. No. 11953, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

CRAMBUS INTERMEDIUS, new species.

Expanse, lG-20 mm.

Head and thorax whitish ochreous, patagia darker; labial palpi
short and pendant, whitish ochreous internally, shaded with gray
externally; maxillary palpi same as head; antenna light ochreous;
abdomen light cinereous, ochreous above on first three segments; legs
whitish, powdered with ochreous.

Fore wing dark ochreous above the median white streak, light
ochreous below it and on outer third. The median white streak is
narrow and extends from base, through lower half of cell to beyond
end of cell, where it is lost in the whitish ochreous shade of outer
third; its lower edge follows the lower vein of cell; it gradually

NO. 1640. XORTIl AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 333

widens, ui^wardly, from base to inner third, then diminishes to mid-
dle; be3'ond it is a fine line. There is a dark brown, broken, terminal
line; before it on the costa is a short parallel white dash. The sub-
terminal line is nearly obsolete, on some si^ecimens; there is a shining
whitish line from dorsum, at outer sixth, to middle of wing, parallel-
ing the termen. The light ochreous shade of the outer third gradu-
ally becomes whitish at termen and the cilia is the same shade, whitish
ochreous.

Hind wing, male, white; female, whitish gray; underside white.
Underside fore Aving ochreous white.

Four specimens, labeled " Arizona." One from Professor Fernald's
collection is labeled " Cramhus intermedins Ragonot— 86, yellow
label 12'2." This MSS. name of Eagonot's I am glad to give to the
species. In size and median stripe it is close to hemiochrellus Zeller
and haytiellus Zinck. I have four other specimens from Burnet
County. Texas, INIarch and April (F. G. Schaupp), which are slightly
smaller and much darker, and in which the subterminal line is com-
plete to costa, the area beyond it being heavily sprinkled with wdiite on
an ochreous brown ground color, which I believe are darker varieties
of this same species, and have so labeled them in my collection.

Cotype. — Cat. No. 11955, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

CRAMBUS DORSIPUNCTELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 24-28 mm.

Head and thorax and palpi light ochreous, latter darker externally;
antenna fuscous in front, dusted with light ochreous elsewhere ; abdo-
men grayish ochreous ; legs light ochreous.

Fore Aving above the fold, light fawn ochreous; below fold, light
fawn ; the dorsal margin below fold is sparsely dusted with brown ; a
very few^ of these dark dots occur in middle of wing in outer half of
cell and below lower angle of cell. There is barely a trace of a sub-
terminal line in one specimen; a very faint deeper ochreous line
crosses the outer end of fold on the lower third of wing. On the
termen, at end of veins 2 to 5, is a small brown dot ; above them is a
nearly obsolete darker terminal line. Termen is edged with a shin-
ing grayish yellow line, the cilia beyond of the same shade, but less
shining.

Hind wing smoky gray; cilia, except at apex, whitish gray; under
side lighter. Under side fore wing dark ochreous gray.

Described from four specimens, llounthwaite, Manitoba, July,
L. E. Marmont; Verdi, Nevada, June 20-30, A. H. Vachell.

Types in Author's collection.

This species is close to mncolelhis Zeller and indginagelhis Clem-
ens. It can be separated from either by the practical absence of all
markings and by the much lighter shining line at base of cilia of fore

384 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

wing; it is probably closer to laciniellus Grote, but lacks the white
terminal line of that species and also has much darker hind wings.

CRAMBUS NEVADELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 17-26 mm.

Head pale ochreous; labial and maxillary palpi dark ochreous,
paler internall}^; antenna ochreous brown; thorax pale ochreous,
darker laterally ; abdomen pale ochreous, first three segments shaded
above with darker ochreous ; legs whitish ochreous, shaded Avith light
brown.

Fore wing light ochreous brown, darkest on upper half, gradually
shading into whitish ochreous on outer third ; below the fold the wing
is streaked and mottled with white, especially on outer two-thirds, ex-
cept over vein 1'^, which is brown; on the fold is a dotted line of
white; between tlie fold and I'' the whitish shade is dotted with a
darker brown in a line paralleling the fold; over vein 2, half way be-
tween end of cell and termen, is an irregular dark brown line, pre-
ceded by a w^iite patch ; vein 3 is similarly marked. In the majority
of specimens before me these wiiite and dark brown scales on lower
half are absent, partly obsolete, doubtless from their transient char-
acter. The brown subterminal line is curved outwardly from costa
to below middle, then obliquely inward to dorsal margin; it also is
more or less obsolete in some sj^ecimens. There is a more or less
distinct dotted dark line preceding the cilia. The latter is whitish
at base and pale ochreous outwardly.

Hind wings above and below light gray, cilia paler. Underside
fore wings dark grayish ochreous.

The majority of the specimens are rubbed and present a different
appearance from the above description. Color, both above and below
middle, pale ochreous, a dark brown median streak from base to end
of cell, broken at middle of wing by ground color. Other marks, ex-
cept the subterminal line, are almost obsolete.

Thirty specimens, Verdi, Nevada, June 10-30, Sierra Nevada
Mountains, on border line between California and Nevada, collected
by A. H. Vachell.

Nearest to trisectus Walker and alholineellus Fernald, differing
from both by the narrowness of the fore wing.

Cotype. — Cat. No. 11954, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

CRAMBUS SIMPLICIELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 23-31 mm.

Head, thorax, and fore wing, light ochreous gray; both pairs of
palpi are white internally, speckled ochreous gray outside; antenna
ochreous brown in front, frosted with white elsewhere; abdomen

NO. 1G49. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT.

885

shining ochreous fuscous, browner on upper side of first three seg-
ments; legs white, anterior pair heavily dusted Avith brown in front.

The fore wing is almost unicolorous, a light ochreous gray or
mouse color, with an ochreous tinge. It is somewhat darker on upper
thi-'d and inner half; the entire inner two-thirds are more ochreous
than the outer third, Avhich is an ashy gray, but these shades merge
into each other so gradually, and are really so nearly alike, that the
wing presents almost a single tone. The inner and subterminal lines
are slightly paler, but very faint, the subterminal, from outer sixth
of costa, is convex to below middle, then an outward convexity on
lower third of wing. There is a faint, darker, broken line before the
cilia, which are onlv slightly shining of a pale leaden hue.

Hind Aving dark smoky gray, cilia shining; underside paler.
Underside fore Aving smoky gray, cilia Avhitish at base.

Type. — In Author's collection. From Denver, Colorado, May 2,
1904, E. J. Oslar ; eight paratypes, Essex County, New Jersey, June 11 ;
Georgia (from Strecker collection), Washington County, Arkansas,
July-August, A. J. Brown. The specimens labeled " paratype " are
included with some hesitation, and may prove to be a different species.

This is closest to var. via' Cockerell, differing from it in the absence
of the strong reddish and purple shades.

Genus EUFERNALDIA Hulst.

Eufernahlia argenteonervella Hulst, Jour. N. Y. Eiit. Soc, VIII, 1900,
p. 224.

The type and only species was described from one female. I have
recentl^v received a series of both sexes from E. J. Oslar, collected in
the Huachuca Mountains,
Arizona, August 15-29;
also Prescott, Arizona, Dr.
R. E. Kunze, July 7, and
Stockton, Utah, Septem-
ber 10, Tom Spalding.
From the last locality the
fore Avings are a deep
ocherous broAvn and the
hind Avings dark smoky
broAvn. The Arizona
specimens agree av i t h

Hulst's description, fore fig. 5.— venation of ErFEu
Avings light ocherous, \ ioi-la.

hind Avings silvery Avhite; the outlining of the A'eins in silver is the
same in both forms and makes this s])ecies easily recognized. As the
A'enation and head parts have not before been figured, I include them
with a few corrections or additions to the original description.
Proc. N. M. vol. XXXV— OS -25

NALDIA AltGENTEONER-

386 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

In one of my specimens the maxillary palpi is sharply triang-iilar
in outline, less so in the others, but due, I think, to loss of scales.
Antenna of male finely pubescent on front side. Venation: Fore

Aving, 3 is absent (coincident with 4)
in all my specimens; 7, 8, and 9 are
variable; in some 8 and 9 are coinci-
dent, and both 7 and 8-|-9 are to ter-
men; in others 9 is present as a spur
from 8 half way between the stalk and
Fig. 6.— Head of eufeknaldia apex, and both 8 and 9 go to costa, 7 to
ARGENTEONERVELLA. tcrmeu ; thls does not seem to be a sex-

ual variation. Hind wing, 3 and 4 are not from a jioint, but Avell
separated at their bases ; 7 and 8 are coincident from shortly beyond
upper angle half Avay to end of 8,

Type. — Eitfernaldia argenteonervella Hulst,

Superficially, this species reminds me of certain species of the
Phycitinse.

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF THAUMATOPSIS.

1. Mole antenna erenulate crcnnlaiclla Kearfott,

Male antenna not erenulate 2

2. Male antenna unipectinate 3

Male antenna ■bipectiuate_-l 8

3. Fore wing whitish gray rvpnnda Grote.

Fore wing ochreons or brown 4

4. Fore wing chocolate brown 5

Fore wing light ochreons or whitish brown G

5. White median streak to terinen pcctinifcr Zeller.

White nieilian line ending at about outer third .striatclla Fernald.

6. Subterininal and inner lines nearly obsolete (itoinosvllu Kearfott.

These lines well developed 7

7. Fore wing bright ochreous 1 fcriiahleUa Kearfott,

Fore wing whitish brown nortelln Kearfott.

S. Veins fore wing overlaid with white magnipca Fernald.

Veins not overlaid with white 0

9. Median streak white cdoiiis (Jrote.

Median streak not white 10

10. Cross lines obsolete gihsoiiclht Kearfott.

Cross lines distinct 11

11. Fore wing whitish brown coloradcUa Kearf<itt.

Fore wing pale ochreous pexella Zeller.

THAUMATOPSIS COLORADELLA, new species.

Expanse, 20-32 mm.

Male antenna bipectinate, branches ciliated ; stalk white, narrowly
annulated with brown; branches black, cilia whitish. Labial palpi
six times longer than Avidth of eye, rather loosely scaled, fuscous
gray, tips of scales creamy Avhite; maxillary palpi loosely scaled,

-xo. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT.

387

cream white, lightly speckled with fuscous on the outside. Head and
thorax light ochreous brown, lunndly speckled with fuscous, internal
edges of patagia and posterior ends of same whitish. Abdomen light
ochreous brown, banded above with fuscous and brown on anterior
segments and blackish on posterior segments. Legs cream white,
heavily dusted with li^ht fuscous.

Fore wing creamy ochreous, strongly marked with distinct dark
brown lines. There is a narrow whitish line through middle of cell
from base to end of cell; its outer half is bounded above by a thicker
dark brown line; below is a similar but less distinct line from beyond

base nearly to end of cell. From apex a strong well-defined line goes
to dorsum at outer fourth; it is 45° oblique from apex to upper
fourth, then is slightly convex outwardly to lower fourth, where there
IS a shallow outward pointing tooth. In the middle of lower half

is an obscure oblique brown line which points toward end of cell

There is a faint brown streak from end of cell to terminal line below

apex, which is a continuation of the brown line above the white

median line. The lower half of

wing and outer half are more or

less dusted with light brown and

there is a rather heavily brown

scaling at base of dorsal margin.

Cilia whitish, speckled with light

brown.

Hind wing light grayish fus-
cous, cilia paler underside the

same. Underside fore wing a

shade darker than hind Aving.

Plight specimens, Pueblo, Colorado, September 24, H. N. Nash;

Durango and Denver, Colorado, May, E. J. Oslar; San Luis Obispo',

California, February and March, Arthur H. Vachell.

Cotijpe.—C^i. No. 11957, U.S.N.:M., and in Author's collection.

THAUMATOPSIS GIBSONELLA, new species.

Expanse, male, 20-28 mm ; female, 27-81 mm.

Male antenna bipectinated, with branches six to seven times
width of stalk, each branch shortly ciliated on each side. Female
antenna simple. Labial palpi with rather closely appressed scales
on sides, with longer, looser scales on top; porrect, about four times
width of eye; maxillary palpi i-ather loo.sely scaled, about as long as
width of eye. Tongue long, upper end thickly scaled. 'Face and head
light ochreous brown, labial palpi lieavily dusted with dark brown,
outer joint with grayish brown; maxillary palpi pale light ochreous

^iG 7. — Head and enlarged antenna ob"
Thadmatopsi.s coloradella.

388

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

VOL. XXXV.

at base, tips of scales shaded with gray brown. Antenna, stalk ercani
fawn, annulated Avith light broAvn, branches black, cilia whitish gray.
Thorax light fawn, speckled with brown, shading into a whitish pos-
terior patch. Abdomen pale fawn, ringed above Avitli brown on four
anterior segments and with dark gray on three posterior segments.
Legs i)ale fawn, finely dusted with brown.

Male fore wing, pale fawn, heavily dusted with brown; the ground
color below costa on inner third of wing and over upper and lower
median veins is of an ochreous shade. Tenninal line nearly obsolete,
only showing faintly in one specimen; it is outwardly concave op-
posite end of cell and sharply dentate above dorsal margin. One
specimen has a thin, straight Avhite line through middle of cell; this
specimen is of a general darker grayish brown shade, and quite
heavily overlaid with white scales on the dorsal margin and outer
half of Aving. The subterminal line is only faintly indicated by a
iew darker scales on dorsal half. There is a black dot at end of each

vein in termen. Cilia brownish
gray, divided by a pale line.

Hind wing pale fuscous gray,
slightly darker before termen and
apex. Cilia Avhitish, preceded by a
darker line; underside the same.
Underside fore wing broAvnish gray.
Described from fourteen males
and two females collected at Ros-
trcA'or, Ontario, Canada, Se})tember
2-16, by Mr. Arthur Gibson, in
Avhose honor the sj^ecies is named.
The females are of a much lighter
color than the males, caused by the absence of the heavy fuscous
brown sprinkling. The fore Avings are also more elongate and
rounded at the apex and anal angle than the male; the female hind
Aving is Avhiter.

Cotype.—Csit. No. 11958, U.S.N.M., Mr. Gibson's and the Author's
collections.

THAUMATOPIS ATOMOSELLA, new species.

Fig

8. — Head and enlarged antenna

IF THAUMATOI'SIS gibsonella

Expanse, 27-30 mm.

Male antenna, unipectinate, branches four to fiA^e times Avidth of
stalk, shortly ciliated on each side of branches. Labial palpi slender,
scales closely appressed, about six times as long as Avidth of eye;
terminal joint drooping. Head light ochreous cream color, thorax
a whiter shade ; stalk of antenna Avhite, branches dark fuscous broAvn,
cilia Avhitish; labial palpi cream ochreous, thickly speckled Avith dark
fuscous and lightly sprinkled Avith white; maxillary palpi cream

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 389

color, with the long scales tipped with fuscous. Abdomen cream
ochreous, slightl}' darker on top of each segment. Legs paler.

Fore wing pale creamy ochreous, or creamy wdiite terra-cotta ;
there is a dull white, narrow band from base, over lower vein of cell
nearly to termen ; before middle of wing it begins to increasb in
width, so that at outer end it covers all space between veins 2 and 7 ;
the loAver part and outer end are overlaid with whitish fuscous; all
of the dorsal margin to above the fold is of the same shade. These
two whitish streaks are separated by a clear line of ground color; the
median white streak is outlined on both sides by blackish brown dots
and a line of the same limit the upper edge of the dorsal white shade.
Both of the white shades are interrupted by the subterminal line,
which is ground color ; it cuts through the median at the end of cell
and the dorsal before the middle of wing. There is a broad band
of ground color before termen, divided by a parallel terminal line
of shining whitish scales thickly
dotted with brownish fuscous. At
the end of each vein, in the mid-
dle of termen, is a tiny black dot.
Cilia narrowdy white at base, fol-
lowed by a narrow fuscous line,
then by a shining wdiitish line ;
beyond it is white, thickly sprin-
kled with light brownish fuscous;
extreme tips of scales white.

Hind Aving light fuscous, with a ^'«- 9-head and enlarged antenna of

5' , 1 c Thadmatopsis atomosella.

trace oi a darker line before the

cilia ; cilia white, divided by a darker line near base ; underside the
same. Underside fore wing darker fuscous, finely atomized with
l^aler specks; the lines of the cilia are repeated from above.

Two specimens, Phoenix, Arizona, April and May, collected by Dr.
E. E. Kunze.

Type. — In Author's collection.

THAUMATOPSIS CRENULATELLA, new species.

Expanse, 30 mm.

Male antenna crenulate, the teeth being H times thickness of stalk;
the teeth are thickly ciliated on their upper sides and outer ends, the
internal cilia arising from raised processes or warts. Labial palpi
rather smoothly clothed, length about four times the width of eye ;
maxillary palpi loosely scaled, about as long as width of eye. Head,
thorax, and palpi white, heavily dusted with brow'nish fuscous. An-
tenna, stalk and cilia whitish fuscous, teeth black. Abdomen whitish

390

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

VOL. XXXV.

fuscous, banded above with blackish on posterior segments. Legs
crean\y ochreoiis, anterior pair heavily dusted with fuscous.

Fore wing white, overlaid with fuscous and blackish brown. The
white occurs as follows : A broad median streak from base to end of
cell, a fine line on fold, and a dusting on dorsal margin below fold ;
all veins on outer half of wing overlaid in white; between veins 5
and 8 the white predominates; at the termon the white forms a con-
tinuous band. The fuscous oc-
curs along costa, between median
white band and fold, below fold
and between veins in outer half
of wing. The blackish brown
occurs only as fine lines, outlin-
ing vein 1 '', all veins between
end of cell and termen, and is
rather heavier between end of
cell and apex than elscAvhere.
The terminal line is ocherous

Fig

10. — Head and enlarged antenna op

TiTAr.MATOI'.SIS CRENULATELLA. .

fuscous; it is close to termen, and is sharply angled below costa and
dentate at lower end. The subterminal line is of the same color, but
somewhat obscure; it follows end of cell, then sharply angles out-
ward halfway to termen in a tooth-shaped process, the lower half
of which runs backward to inner third of dorsal margin ; it is lightly
outlined with white on both sides. The terminal line is outwardly
edged with a row of dark brown dots. The cilia is shining leaden,
cut by white on the upper half. Pre-
ceding the cilia is a line of black dots
and lines; between the veins there are
four short lines on upper half of wing,
three dots below them, and a nearly con-
tinuous line of tornus.

Hind wing light fuscous, with a fine
darker marginal line, which at apex is
preceded by a few whitish scales; cilia
white, divided by a pale fuscous line at
base. Underside both wings grayish
fuscous; both are margined outwardly with white, Avith the mar-
ginal and ante-ciliate lines and dots repeated.

One male specimen, from Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima County,
Arizona, latter part of July, 1903, collected by Mr. O. C. Poling.

Type. — In Author's collection.

This species is remarkably like T. repanda Grote, and the only way
to distinguish them is by the difference in the male antenna?, an
enlargement of both, with head structure, is shown by figs. 10 and 11.

Pig. 11. — Head and enlasged

ANTENNA OF ThaUMATOPSIS RE-
I'ANDA.

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMBID MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 39 1

I have another specimen of repanda from Pima County, Arizona,
received from Dr. John B. Smith, which is marked and colored exactly
like my type, except that the dark shad-
ings are a little more intense. These two
are so exactly alike in every detail, ex-
cept the form of their antenna^ that I
am rather inclined to doubt the stability
of the latter. Extensive series may show"
sufficient intermediate variation to sink
the new name as a synonym of repanda.

THAUMATOPSIS PEXELLA Zeller. FiG. 12.— Head and enlarged an-

tenna OF THAUMATOPSIS PEX-

A drawing of the head structure, with
an enlargement of the antenna is given in fig. 10 for comparison with
similar parts of other species in this genus.

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF DIATR^A.

1. Fore wing with a .silver median stripe pantUcht Kearfott.

Fore \viug witliont silver median stripe 2

2. Fore wing hhiisli gray, without marks or dots iddlis Fernald.

Fore wing yellow or brown 3

3. Fore wing with dorsal white shading aUcni Fernald.

Fore wing without this distinct shade 4

4. Fore wing with duplicated subterminal line .^.saccharalli Fabricius.

Without these lines, expanse over 40 mm diffcrcntiaUs Fernald.

DIATR.ffi;A PARALLELA, new species.

Expanse, 22-30 mm.

Head white, slightly shaded with cream between antenna?; labial
palpi white internally, beyond middle dotted with gray, externally
heavily dotted with gray and brown; maxillary palpi white, with
external patches of gray scales at base of second joint and at outer
end of tuft; thorax Avhite, with short indistinct subdorsal ochreous
streaks; patagia light fawn, becoming whitish at posterior ends and
dorsally edged with white; abdomen And legs cream white, latter
slightly shaded with light ochreous.

Fore wing pale fawn or light ochreous terra-cotta. This ground
color is uniform throughout the wing and makes a very effective back-
ground for the silver stripes. The median stripe is from base to ter-
men, of uniform tliickne.ss except on inner fourth, wdiere it gradually
diminishes in width to ba.se ; above it is a ground color stripe of equal
width ; above this the costa is narrowly white from base to apex ;
veins 2, 3, 4, and 7 are overlaid with white at termen. The dorsal
margin is narrowly white and vein I'' is overlaid with white its

392 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxv.

entire length. The median stripe is outlined with scattered black
dots. These dots are entirely absent from the costal stripe, but on all
other white lines the black dots are sprinkled sparsely over the white ;
on veins 2, 3, and 4 the black dots follow the veins to cell. There is
no trace of a subterminal line, and all of the Avhite stripes extend

directly to the terminal line,
which is cream white, edged on
either side Avith a fine brown
line; beyond this the cilia is
white at base and outwardly
speckled with gray and brown.

Hind Aving above cream Avhite,
lightly speckled outwardly Avith
pale broAvn; underside white.
Underside fore Aving pale ochre-
ous lightly dusted Avith pale
broAvn.

Fig. 13. — A'knatio.n of I)iati!.t;.\. parallel.\. tx -i i c

Describetl from tAventy-three
specimens from Almagordo, New Mexico, April 19 to May 5, collected
by H. L. A^ierick and J. A. G. Rhen.

Coty pes.— Cut. No. 11959, U.S.N.M., in collection of Philadelphia
Entomological Society, and in Author's collection.

The venation of this species, as .shown by fig. .">, agrees better Avith
Fernald's figure of />. saccharalis
Fabricius" than Avith Hampson's fig-
ure of saccharalis.^ The majority of
Hampson's palpal figures in this revi-
sion are misleading, as they shoAV the
terminal joint as though it Avere differ-
ently scaled than the median joint. F'«- 14.— head and palpi of dia-

„, . . , , . , tr.ea parallela.

ihis IS scarcely eA^er the case in the

Crambina?. The long overlapping scales of the median joint entirely
hide the junction with the apical and usually the same scaling extends
to the apex. These characters in this species are shown by fig. 1-1.

ANALYTICAL KEY TO SPECIES OF CIIILO.''

1. Fore wing with metallic cilia 2

Fore wing without metallic cilia 3

2. Fore wing with inner and subterminal lines well defined.

placidcJliix Ha i nihil oh.

With these lines not distinct plcjadcllufi Zinck.

o. Fore wing with veins outlined in bi'own dcnsrUns Zeller.

Fore wing with veins not outlined in brown 4

«The Crambid.'e of North America, Tlate C, figs. 10, 11, 12.
^Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 18!)5,- p. 953.

" Cramhus inornatellus Walker, included hi Cliilo in Smith's list, 1!)03, No.
4983, is retained by Hampson in Crambim.

NO. 1649. NORTH AMERICAN CRAMIiW MOTHS— KEARFOTT. 393

■1. Fore wing ground color white 5

Fore wing ground color brown 7

5. Foi'e wing with complete inner and subterminal lines squamuleUus Zeller."

No lines on fore wing 6

G. Fore wing almost immaculate, over 30 mm. expanse puritellus Kearfott.

Fore wing speckled with brown, under 25 mm. expanse.

DiuUipunctcllus Kearfott.
7. Hind wing dark fuscous coniplulatalis Hulst.

Hind wing principally white forbescllits Fernald.

CHILO MULTIPUNCTELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 20-24 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax, and fore wing white, with a very faint yellow-
ish tinge, palpi externally dusted with brown ; abdomen more
strongly shaded with yellowish gray above.

The fore wing is finely speckled with brown all over, roughly ar-
ranged in horizontal lines on and between the veins, not visible except
through a lens. Before the white cilia is a fine brown line.

Hind wing above and below white. Underside fore wing cinereous
white.

Eleven specimens, Oracle, Arizona, June 10, E. J. Oslar; southern
Arizona, Poling; Huachuca Moimtains, Arizona, Poling; Chiricahua
Mountains, Arizona, July 4, H. G. Hubbard.

The venation agrees with Fernald's figure of this genus in his
revision of the Crambida?.

Coti/pe.— Cat No. 11960, U.S.N.M., and in Author's collection.

CHILO PURITELLUS, new species.

Expanse, 31-35 mm.

Head, palpi, thorax, fore wings above and hind wings above and
beneath white, with a faint ochreous tinge. Upper side of abdomen
lightly shaded with ochreous.

The fore wings are sparsely and microscopically dusted with whit-
ish fuscous. Underside white, with a grayish hue.

One male and one female, Baboquivaria Mountains, Pima County,
Arizona, July 15-30; Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, both from
O. C. Poling.

Type. — In Author's collection.

This species may be a large race of multipunctellus Kearfott,
but I am inclined to think it is distinct. Its large size is sufficient
to .separate it, at least until additional collecting in these regions
turn up a series shcmnng intermediate sizes.

Besides the above, I have six species of Diatrcea and three of
Chilo undescribed in my collections, but await longer series before
making them known.

" Hampson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1895, 946, places this species under Platytcs
(jJuenee (Argyria Hiibuer). As I have no specimens for examination of structure,
I prefer to let it remain in this genus, according to Feruald's revision.

A NEW SPECIES OF JAPANESE
MICRO-LffPIDOPTERA .

W. D. KEARFOTT,

MONTCLAIR, N. J.

346 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

A NEW SPECIES OF JAPANESE MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY W. D. KEARFOTT, MONTCLAIR, N. J.

A pair of specimens of the species herewith described were sent to
me by Dr. John B. Smith, the latter part of May, with the statement that
they had been bred from larvae found on young hemlock trees, recently
imported from Japan by a nurseryman in this State. As the species was
unknown to me and of a distinctly Oriental appearance, I sent a male to
Dr. Edward Meyrick, Marlborough, England, the authority on Eastern
Lepidoptera. Dr. Meyrick was good enough to make a prompt reply,
stating that the species was undoubtedly referable to his genus Ptochoryctis,
of which he has already described five others, all from Indian regions, and
that the nearest allied genera, Methathritica and Linodostis, are also only
known from India and the Malay Archipelago, hence he did not doubt
that this species is truly Japanese. Dr. Meyrick also stated that the
species nearest to it is P. sijnbleuta Meyr., the larvte of which are brick-red,
and feed beneath a web, covered with refuse and pieces of bark, on bark
and shoots of tea-plants (Thea), eating right through to the cambium, and
thus killing the branch or plant. (Journal Bombay Natl. Hist. Soc,
XVIII, 150, 1907.)

This letter was duly communicated to Dr. Smith, and he was good
enough to forward fourteen other specimens, together with notes, larvse,
cocoons or cases and pupal shells, from all which the following description
was made :

The larvse were taken April 5th, in cocoons or larval-cases, larvse all
alive at this date, first pupa observed May 4th.

My belief is that the cocoons in which the larvse pupated are larval-
cases, making the habit similar to P. simbleuta. The case is of rather
tough silk, thickly covered with pellets of dried frass, hemlock-needles
and other refuse, lightly fastened to the twigs and apparently fairly well
concealed in a cluster of needles. The cases are 10-15 "^f"- ^0"g' t>y 5-6
mm. in diameter. Pupal shell remains within the case when moth emerges.

As it is quite possible that other shipments of hemlock from Japan
may be infested with this species, it might be well for State entomologists
and nurserymen to be on the lookout for its appearance. The moth is

October, 1910

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 347

not unlike Crambus elegans, and of the general appearance of Stenoma
schlcBgeri and some of the whitish Ethtnias. If it can readily be controlled
it would be a very interesting and handsome addition to our fauna.

Family XYLORYCTID^.
Genus ptochoryctis Meyrick.

Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 19, 1894.

"Head with appressed scales, side-tufts loosely spreading ; ocelli
present; tongue developed. Antennae ^, in male bipectinated, towards
apex simple, basal joint stout, without pecten. Labial palpi long, curved,
ascending, with appressed scales, terminal joint shorter than second, acute.
Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs.

Fore wings with vein ib furcate, 2 from 4/5, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to
hind margin, 9 absent, 1 1 from beyond middle.

Hind wing i, trapezoidal-ovate, hind margin sinuate, cilia yi, veins
3 and 4 short-stalked, 6 and 7 approximated towards base.

Nearly allied to Cryptophasa.

Type of genus and only species described in this paper, P.eremopa
Meyrick.

Habitat. — Koni, Upper Burma."

Ptochoryctis tsugensis, new sp.— c? - $ . Expanse, 21-24 n^™-
Head, thorax and labial palpi cream-white, latter dusted with fuscous
at base ; stalk of male antennae cream-white, narrowly fuscous between
joints ; pectinations fuscous, basal joint shining greenish-fuscous ; female
shining fuscous, faintly annulated with white. Abdomen cream-white,
posterior upper half of each male segment cupreous ; legs cream-white,
first pair heavily overlaid with shining fuscous, middle pair heavily dusted
with fuscous on tibiae and tarsi, posterior pair but lightly speckled, spurs
all dusted, heaviest at apices.

Fore wing shining white, marked with fuscous as follows : Over
upper vein of cell, from just beyond base to end of cell and continuing
over vein 6 with branches 7 and 8, with a faint scattering of dark scales
over 10 and 11. The lower vein of cell, from middle, is heavily overlaid
with the dark colour, spreading over veins 2 to 5, the interspaces being
more or less white. Vein ib from beyond base to tornus. The extreme
base of wing is pure white, except costa, narrowly edged with fuscous to
inner yi. A dark subterminal line begins at outer sixth of costa, curves
outward to vein 6, thence inward to tornus, paralleling margin, over each'
vein the colour is darker. Between this and cilia the terminal space is

348 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

overlaid with a lighter shade of cupreous-fuscous, forming a continuous
terminal line, but inward interrupted by white spots between the veins.
Cilia white at base, through which runs a fine dark line, outwardly lighter
shining fuscous.

Hind wing whitish-yellow, cilia white, with faint median line ; under
side fore wing shining light fuscous, slightly darker over, veins ; hind wing
yellowish-gray, slightly darker over veins 7 and 8.

Variation : Description is from average specimens ; the amount of
dark scaling is not uniform, in some specimens the dusting is much
heavier, nearly filling the interspaces, especially beyond and below cell,
in others the dark scales are absent, except on the veins, but in all the
pattern is maintained as per the description.

Described from 8 males and 8 females bred from larvse on a Japanese
species of hemlock, Tsuga sieboldi, at a nursery in New Jersey ; issued
May 7 to 23. A pair of co-types deposited in U. S. Natl. Mus., N. J.
Agric. Exp, Sta., Meyrick collection, the balance in Kearfott collection.
Larva full-grown, from alcoholic specimen.

Fourteen mm. long, 2.5 mm. diam. at ist abdominal segment.
Cylindrical, slightly tapering from ist abd. to anal segment. Head
blackish-brown, flattened in front, rather square on top ; clypeus triangu-
lar, reaching only halfway to vertex ; epistoma paler; antenna concolor-
ous. Prothoracic shield large, concolorous with head, bisected by paler
dorsal line, two tubercular plates below large and brown. Body cream-
white, speckled with pink, the pink specks are in a double dorsal line, a
subdorsal line, a subspiracular line and a line above the feet, also a less
distirctly defined ventral line. The subdorsal line is darker and better
defined than the others. Tubercles prominent, pinkish-brown. Setae
moderate, pale. Anal shield large, yellow, speckled lightly with pale
brown. Thoracic feel blackish-brown, annulated with whitish ; abdominal
feet moderate, normal, the crochets in complete ellipse.

Pupa, 8x2 mm., slightly flattened, light brown, darker on dorsum.
Frontal shield similar to Tortricid pupa. Cremaster broad laterally, with
two outer and two middle very short hooks.

Examples of this larvae were submitted to Prof. W. T. M. Forbes, who
has written description which will follow. In a letter, Mr. Forbes states :
"The caterpillar shows some curious likenesses to Endrosii lacteella,
such as the form of the front and surrounding parts. There seems to be
also a suggestion of the curious slit-like marks on the labium. On the other
hand, the set?e on the prolegs are unique, so far as I have seen, and so is
the double ring of tubercle iii. Can it use setfe iii in travelling, and so need
a more complex joint for them than other caterpillars, hjive ?"

Mailed October 7th, 1910.

THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 368

been suspected. Since observing this instance, several similar, but not so
clearly defined cases, have been noticed. Barber's observations on Phen-
godes laticoliis {?voc.\N2is\\. Ent. Soc.Vol. 7, pp. 196-197), also point strong-
ly to the relation between luminosity and sexual function in that species.*

Both sexes oi pyralis appear to be non-luminous during copulation,
but flash if disturbed.

The phenomenon would be easier to understand if only the apterous
or more sluggish females were brightly luminous, while the males, as in
Phengodes laticollis, were non-luminous, or but slightly so. But in our
two species most common here the male is either considerably brighter
than the female or approximately equal to his mate in brilliancy. The
luminosity of larvte is also a little hard to comprehend, except as a
developmental form of a rudimentary organ. Dubois has claimed that
even the unfertilized eggs are luminous.

That the light has also a protective function is also readily surmised.
I have heard of at least one bona fide instance, where the sudden llash of
a fire-fly saved him from being made a portion of the evening meal of a
chicken. Between the liyht which they give and the sticky exudation and
unpleasant odour of most s|iccies, it seems hardly likely that they would
prove a tempting morsel to insectivorous creatures. Toads, it is said,
have been known to eat them.

There seems to have been some discussion, in times past, as to
whether the light-emission of the various luminous forms was voluntary, or
at least under the control of the organism. One argument that was
advanced against the view that the phenomenon was under the control of
the organism was that the light of the luminous tropical elaters, cucuyo,
etc., was constant, and not intermittent. x\nyone who studies the natural
light-emission of the Lampyridae can scarcely help but conclude that,
except when they are subjected to some powerful excitement, such as
mechanical, electrical or chemical stimuli external to the organism, the
light-emission is entirely voluntary, and under the control of the will.
Apparently the insects of the group Luciola emit a continuous twinkling,
which has been stated to be synchronous with the respiratory movements
of the abdomen, or with the circulatory impulses of the hemolymph ; such
synchronism may exist, but it would hardly seem to be proof that the light-
emission was not under the control of the insect's will. Tlie cucuyo, indeed,
has been observed to vary the intensity of its light apparently entirely at will.

*I regret that in this connection I have not yet been able to secure a recent
paper by Meissner, "Wie leuchten die Lampyridaj?" in the Entomolog'ische
^ochenblatt, 1907, Vol, 24; •

364 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.

LARVA OF PTOCHORYCTIS TSUGENSTS KEARFOTT.

BY W. T. M. FORBES, NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J.

Head and cervical shield heavily chitinized ; anal plate less so.
Tubercles broad. Granulations of fine sinuous lines of dots in the thinner
portions, becoming polygonal patches of dots on the tubercles.

Head higher than wide, a little squarish at the top. Epicrania high,
extending far above top of adfrontals and setae i ; i directly above ii and
separated by only about 1/7 height of head (measured from lower edge
of clypeus to vertex); ii distant from adfrontals ; six ocelli, the posterior on
a level with the lower anterior, but separated by a cleft extending up from
the antennal membranous area. Lower ocellus at middle of posterior
edge of the antennal area. Front only 1/5 height of head, about as high
as wide, the setae about a third way up and far apart ; the punctures l^
as far apart and much lower. Adfrontals broad, not extending far above
top of front, witli both margins evenly sinuous ; i above top of front, and
puncture much nearer to it than to ii. Clypeus large, with setae far apart.
Labrum slightly notched, ii higher than i, iii obliquely above iv; puncture
between i and ii and higher. First free joint of maxillary palpus not as
large as in Cacoecia (Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., HL pl- 20, fig. 137) ; sclerites
of maxilla separate, the stripes more lightly chitinized, the subgalea send-
ing a projection between the palpifer and base of palpus ; cardo large.
Submentum and mentum fused, the lines of separation indicated by two
parallel longitudinal slits, between which there is a chitinized area. Setae
distant. Antennse about as in SiincEthis (loc. cit., fig. 140), but the first
two joints are equal in diameter.

Cervical shield as wide as the segment, extending down to the
-spiracle ; it may fuse shortly with the large prespiracular plate in front of
it. Meso- and metathorax, with ia + ib, iia + iib ; iv + vand on a level
with iii. True legs moderate. On the abdomen, i and ii are on a level,
distant ; iii is a large ring, in the centre of which there is a small ring
bearing the seta and a couple of projections ; iv + v, iv minute, above and
in front of v ; vi single; vii consisting of an oblique row of five setae and
a sixth just behind the upper two. Prolegs not strongly projecting, with
a complete ellipse of 50 hooks, alternately of 2 3-lengths. Anal prolegs
with a bent bend of hooks, and also with extra setae in the region corre-
sponding to vii. On A I and A2 vii is of 3 setae ; on A7 of two and on A8
and A9 of one only. On the ninth segment i and ii are obliquely placed,
and ii are very far apart.

The outer ring of iii might be easily mistaken for a spiracle, and only
occurs on the spiracle-bearing segments of the abdomen,

November, 1910

V