in Sc/ma'/a (Fabaceae: Caesalpiniodeae: Cercideae). Phytoneuron 201CM

NEW COMBINATIONS IN SCHNELLA (FABACEAE: CAESALPINIODEAE: CERCIDEAE)

Richard P. Wunderlin

Institute for Systematic Botany

Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology

University of South Florida

4202 E. Fowler Avenue, BSF 218,

Tampa, FL 33620-5150, U.S.A

rwunder@usf . edu

ABSTRACT

New combinations are proposed for 28 species and one section in Schnella. The taxa are
segregated from the genera Bauhinia and Phanera.
KEY WORDS: Schnella, Cercideae, Fabaceae.

Giuseppe Raddi (1770-1829) described the genus Schnella (p. 32) (Fabaceae:
Caesalpiniaceae: Cercideae) and two species S. macrostachya (p. 32-33, fig. 4) and 5. microstachya
(p. 33) in Quaranta Piante Nuove del Brasile (1820) a preprint from Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital.
Modena 18(2): 382-414. 1821 (see Stafleu and Cowan 1983: 538). Although Stafleu and Cowan
cited "1820" for pages 382^114. they gave "Jan 1821" for pages 313-349. There is no evidence that
the relevant pages were published out of sequence, so 1821 should be accepted as the date of
publication as did Goldenberg and Baldini (2002).

Early workers (e.g., Don 1832; Grisebach 1860) followed Raddi and described new species in
Schnella. Bentliain (1840, 1844, 1845) at first similarly recognized Schnella as a genus but later
(1865) reduced it to a section of Bauhinia. Sixty five years later Britton and Rose (1930) reinstated it
as a genus, recognizing nine species, two of them new, followed by Britton and Killip (1936), who
recognized 10 species in Colombia, four of them new. This was at first followed by a few others, but
most later workers placed species previously recognized in Schnella in the expanded genus Bauhinia.
Schmitz (1973) again briefly recognized Schnella on the basis of his pollen studies. In their
reorganization of the Cercideae, Wunderlin et al. (1987) followed Bentham (1865) in recognizing it
as a section of Bauhinia, along with 10 other sections in the subgenus Phanera, one of four subgenera
in Bauhinia sensu lato. Lewis and Forest (2005), using molecular studies by Forest (unpublished),
recognized 12 genera in the Cercideae and placed the tropical American species of tendriled lianas
(Schnella sensu Raddi and others) in the Old World genus Phanera, but they indicated that Schnella
may prove to be distinct. Molecular studies of Sinou et al. (2009) supported, the work of Lewis and
Forest (2005).

Following the concept proposed by Lewis and Forest (2005), Queiroz (2006) described a new
species and made three new combinations in Phanera species from the Brazilian Caatinga.
Subsequently Vaz (2010) made 29 new combinations by transferring more Brazilian species into

Phanera.

Schnella can easily be distinguished from Phanera by a variety of characters, most evidently
by the presence of 10 fertile stamens in the former as contrasted by 3(-2) in the latter. Schnella as
recognized here consists of about 40 species. It is divided into two sections that are distinguished in
the following key.

Wunderlin: New combinatioi

1. Calyx 5-nerved, the nerves often inconspicuous; ovary l(-2) ovulate; fruit always thin-valved,
indehiscent I. Section Schnella

1. Calyx conspicuously 10- or 15-nerved; ovary 3- to 6-ovulate; fruit woody, dehiscent (thin-valved
and indehiscent in S. herrerae) II. Section Caulotretus

Wunderlin and Eilers (2009) revised the species placed here in section Schnella and Vaz
( 1 979) treated the Brazilian species in section Caulotretus.

Schnella Raddi, Quar. Piant. Nuov. Bras. 32. 1820. Bauhinia sect. Schnella (Raddi) Berth., in

Bentham & Hooker, f, Gen. PI. 1: 576. 1865. TYPE: Schnella macrostachya Raddi.

Lectotype designated by Britton and Rose (N. Amer. Fl. 23: 205. 1930).
Lacara Sprengel Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 3: 56. 1822. TYPE: Lacara iriplinervia Spreng.

P=Schnella smilacina (Schott) G. Don].
Caulotretus Rich, ex Schott, in Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 4(2): 406. 1827. TYPE: Caulotretus smilacina

Schott [=Schnella smilacina (Schott) G. Don].
Caulotretus sect. Eucaulotretus Endl., Gen. PI. 1317. 1840, nom. inval.

I. Schnella sect. Schnella

Schnella Silacma (Wunderlin & Eilers) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia lilacina
Wunderlin & Eilers, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3: 621. 2009. TYPE: Brazil. Bahia: Km 5 on
Nucleo Colonial de Una-Sao Jose Highway (BR101), 4 Aug 1977 Silva Mattos & Huge 81
(holotype CEPEC!; isotypes: K!, US!)

Schnella maxintiliani (Berth.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia maximiliani Berth,, in
Martius, Fl. Bras. 15(2): 207. 1870. TYPE: Brazil. Espirito Santo: Vila de Nova Almeida,

s.d., Wied-Neuwied s.n. (holotype: BR; isotype: M; photo ex RB!).

Schnella poiteauana (Vogel) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym Bauhinia poiteauana Vogel,
Linnaea 13: 309, 1839. TYPE: French Guiana. 1844, Poiteau s.n. (holotype: B, destroyed;
lectotype: K!, photo ex B: US'; photo ex K: US'). Lectotype designated by Wunderlin and
Eilers (J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3: 625. 2009).

Schnella trichosepala (L.P. Quieroz) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Phanera trichosepala L.P.
Quieroz, Neodiversity 1: 7. 2006, TYPE: Brazil. Bahia: Ruy Barbosa, Serra do Orobo, trilha
para o Patio das Orquideas, 12°18'S 40°29'W, 8 Feb 2005, Cardoso 281 (holotype: UUEFS;
isotypes: CEPEC, K).

II. Schnella sect. Caulotretus (DC.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Bauhinia sect. Caulotretus DC, Prodr.

2: 516. 1825. TYPE: Bauhinia glabra Jacq. [=Schnella glabra (Jacq.) Dugand. Lectotype

designated by Wunderlin et al. (Biol. Skr. 28: 25. 1987.).
Binaria Raf, Sylva Tellur. 122. 1838, Bauhinia subsect. Binaria (Raf.) Wunderlin et al., Biol. Skr.

28: 25. 1987. TYPE: Binaria cumanensis (Kunth) Raf. [=Schnella glabra (Jacq.) Dugand].
Bauhinia sect. Tylotaea Vogel, Linnaea 13: 312. 1 839. Caulotreus sect. Tylotaea (Vogel) Endl., Gen.

PI. 1317. 1840. TYPE: Bauhinia kunthiana Vogel [=Schnella kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin.

Lectotype designated by Wunderlin et al. (Biol. Skr. 28: 25. 1987).
Cardenasia Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 257. 1927. TYPE: Cardenasia setacea Rusby

[= Schnella glabra (Jacq.) Dugand].
Bauhinia sect. Caulotretus subsect. Laiisiliquae Wunderlin et al., Biol. Skr. 28: 25. 1987. TYPE:

Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Standi. & Steyerm. [=Schnella herrerae Britton &

Rose).

Wunderlin: New combinatioi

Schnella alata (Ducks) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia alata Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot.
Rio de Janeiro 4: 55. 1925. TYPE: Brazil. Para: Rio Tapajos, Vila Braga, 24 May 1923,
Ducke s.n. (lectotype: RB; isolectotype: P). Lectotype designated by Vaz (Rodriguesia
61(Sup): S33-S40. 2010).

Schnella altiscandens (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia altiscandens Ducke,
Bol. Teen. Inst. Agron. N. 2: 17. 1944. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Esperanca, mouth of the
Rio Javari, 28 Jan 1942, Ducke S95 (holotype: RB; isotype: MG, SI).

Sclmella .inumesa (11 Macbi ) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia anamesa J.F. Macbr.,
Contr. Gray Herb. 59: 22. 1919. TYPE: Brazil. Goias: near Goias, s.d., Burchell 7337
(holotype: K).

Schnella angulosa (Vogel) Wunderlin, comb, nov, Basionym: Bauhinia angulosa Vogel, Linnaea
13: 312. 1839. TYPE: Brazil, s.d,, Sellow 980 (holotype: B, destroyed: isotype: K!; photo ex
B: F!, US!, photo exK: NY!, RB, US!).

Schnella carvalhoi (Vaz) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia carvalhoi Vaz, Brittonia 47:
376. 1995. TYPE: Brazil. Bahia: Urucuca, Distrito de Serra Grande, 7.3 km on Serra
Grande/Itacare road, Fazenda Lagoa do Conjunto Santa Cruz, 7 Sep 1991, Carvalho et at.
3610 (holotype: CEPEC; isotypes NY!, RB).

Schnella confertiflora (Benth.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia confertiflora Benth., in
Martius, Fl. Bras. 15(2): 206. 1870. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Negro, "sylvis
Yapurensibus", s.d., Martius 2974 (holotype: M; photo ex M: F!, G!, US!).

Schnella cupreonitens (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia cupreonitens Ducke,
Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 56: 1925. TYPE: Brazil. Para: Rio Maju, lower Rio
Amazonas, 3 Nov 1923, Ducke 16973 (holotype: RB: isotvpes: B. destroyed, IAN, K!, US!;
photo ex B:F!, US!).

Schnella erythrantha (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia erythrantha Ducke,
Arg. Inst. Biol. Veg. 4: 14. 1938. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: near Borba, Rio Madeira, 27
Apr 1937, Ducke 35434 (holotype: RB; isotypes: G!, K!, IAN, P!).

Schnella ;M azielae (Vaz) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia grazielae Vaz, Atas Soc. Bot.
Brasil, Secc. Rio de Janeiro 2(9): 73. 1984. TYPE: Brazil. Espirito Santo: Mata de Dourados,
6 Nov 1953, Duarte & Gomes 36S3 (holotype: RB; isotypes: CVRD, K).

Schnella guianensis (Aubl.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia guianens is Aubl., Hist. PI.
Guiane 1: 377. 1775. TYPE: French Guiana. Cayenne, 1775, Aublet s.n. (holotype: P;
isotypes: BM!, fragment F!; photo ex BM: US!).

Schnella klugii (Standi.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia klugii Standi., Publ. Field
Mus. Bot. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 143. 1940. TYPE: Peru. San Martin: Chazuta, Rio
Huallaga, Mar 1935, Klug 4027 (holotype: F!; isotype NY!, US!).

Schnella kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia kunthiana Vogel, Linnaea
13: 312. 1839. TYPE: French Guiana. Dec 1824, Poiteau s.n. (holotype: B, destroyed;
photo ex B:F!, US!).

Wunderlin: New combinatioi

Schnella longiseta (Froes) Wunderlin, comb.nov. Basionym: Bauhinia longiseta Froes, Boi. Teen.
Inst. Agron. N. 19: 25. 1951. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Rio
Solimoes, 10 Dec 1948, Froes 23699 (holotype: IAN; isotype: NY!, RB, US!).

Schnella outimouta (Aubl.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia outimouta Aubl., Hist. PI.
Guiane 1: 375. 1775. TYPE: French Guiana, s.d, Aublet s.n. (Lectotype: W; photo ex W:

F!, MO!, US!; isotype: BM!; photo ex BM: NY!). Lectotype designated here.

Schnella platycalyx (Benth.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia platycalyx Bentli., in
Martius, Fl. Bras. 15(2) 207, 1870, TYPE: Brazil. Par'a: Caripi, s.d. Spruce 250 (holotype:
K).

Schnella porphyrotricha (Harms) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia porphyrotricha
Harms, Notizbl. Konigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 307. 1915. TYPE: Brazil. Acre: Rio Acre,
Monte Alegre. Seringal Sao Francisco, Sep 1911. Ule 9439 (holotype: B, destroyed: isotypes:
IAN, K).

Schnella pterocalyx (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia pterocalyx Ducke, Arch.
Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 109. 1922. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Purus, near Porto
Alegre, 8 Apr 1904, Huber 4401 (holotype: MG; isotypes: BM, G, RB).

Schnella reflexa (Schery) Wunderlin. comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia reflexa Schery, Ann.
Missouri Bot. Gard. 38: 17. 1951. TYPE: Panama. Canal Zone: vicinity of Salamanca
Hydrographic Station, Rio Pequeni, 28-29 Jul 1938, Woodson et al. 1623 (holotype: MO!;
isotype: NY!, US!).

Schnella riedeliana (Bong.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia riedeliana Bong., Mem.
Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math. Second Pt. Sci. Nat. 4(2): 113. 1836.
TYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Rio Pardo, Oct 1826, Riedel 583 (holotype: LE!; isotypes: OXF,
P!).

Schnella siqueirae (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia siqueirae Ducke, Arch.
Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 108. 1922. TYPE: Brazil. Para: Peixe-Boi, near Almeirim,
between Belem and Braganca, 24 Oct 1907, Siqueira 8790 (holotype: MG; isotypes: BM!,
G!, RB).

Schnella sprucei (Benth.) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia sprucei Bentli., in Martius,
Fl. Bras. 15(2): 205. 1870. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: near Panure on Rio Uaupes, Oct 1853,

Spruce 261 7 (holotype: K!; isotypes: NY!, OXF, RB).

SchiieiU slenopetaia (Ducke) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia stenopetala Ducke, Bol.
Teen. Inst. Agron. N. 36: 60, 70. 1959. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Lago Jose Assu, near
Parintins, 28 Dec 1935, Ducke 35433 (holotype: RB; isotype: RB).

Schnella surinamensis (Amshoff) Wunderlin. comb, nov, Basionym: Bauhinia surinamensis
Amshoff, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 52: 20. 1939. TYPE: Suriname.
Upper Suriname River near Kabelstation, 8 Nov 1933, Lanjouw 1 1 52 (holotype: U; isotype:
K!, NY!).

Wunderlin: New combinatioi

Selinella uleana (Harms) Wunderlin, comb. nov. Basionym: Bauhinia uleana Harms, Verh. Bot.
Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 48: 166. 1907. TYPE: Peru. Loreto: Tarapoto, Juan Gerra, Dec
1902, Ule 6643 (holotype: B, destroyed; isotype: IAN, K!, MG).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am extremely grateful to Kanchi Gandhi (Harvard University Herbaria) for his kind
assistance with the Raddi publications, nomenclature, and for his comments on the manuscript. I
thank the curators of BM, CEPEC, F, G, K, LE, MO, NY, P, RB, and US for loan of specimens and
other materials cited in this study. I gratefully acknowledge Bruce F. Hansen and Alan R. Franck,
University of South Florida, for their suggestions on the manuscript.

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