| GENERA.

ES
Ab gt o
N. G KINDBI

PREFACE.

The present treatise is an introduction to a synopti-
cal Moss-Flora of Europe and N. America, ready as
manuscript.

lt is an essay to define all here belonging genera of
Bryinee and to dispose themselves in natural families
with attention also to exotic genera and species. To clear
their natural affinity I have often found that the com-
mon habit (»habitus») of the plants indicates the place
in the system; it is also a »criterium« not to depreciate.

To state »a priori» the vegetable organs, of which
. the characters are to be chosen, does not agree with
| nature, There are to be found in a certain genus constant
characters, which in another are very variable. »Cha-
racter non dabit speciem, sed species characterem».

. Recent bryologists have attached too great an im-
portance to the organisation of the peristome. The exo-
stome (the outer or the simple peristome) is in many
genera, also in individuals, variable. The endostome of —
the capsule gives indeed good constant characters also
E m in. Tr by the author examined genera and species.

1

E^ neglected. A trained bryologist, well-intimate with

were fertile.

den "cael 1851; ungelog, was his spe

Sterile specimens, so often occurring. ought not to —

the. Organisation of the moss-leaves, ean sometimes. find - e
new species, as well characterized, as it the kg A

.. The author was borne his MR Mode. in me Oo
iality pe =

4

I have made longer travels for this purpose also in
Norway (9 summers in the alpine district), in the Pyrenees
1855, in northern Italy 1888, in the Switzerland 1888,
1889, 1892 and 1895, also several times in Germany.

My collections have been augmented by contributions
from many bryologists. Many typical specimens, collected
by Austin, Berggren, Bottini, Breidler, Brotherus, Cardot,
Drummond, Hartman, Howe, James, Lesquereux, Levier,
Lindberg, Lorentz, Milde, Philibert, Renauld, Roell, Schim-
per, Sullivant, Venturi, Zetterstedt and others, have been
very useful.

I have also received larger collections by D:r C.
Mueller (mostly exotic species), Mr J. Husnot (Musci Gallize),
the Rev:d A. C. Waghorne (about 1,000 specimens from
Labrador and N. Foundland) D:r V. F. Brotherus (mostly
from Finland), D:r E. Levier (from Spain and Portugal),
Mr J. M. Macoun (from Alaska), D:r T. Heldreich (from
Greece), Prof. J. Arcangeli (from Italy), Messrs G. A. Holt
and T. Rogers (from Britain) D:r R. Gyllencreutz (from
Spetsbergen). :

I wish therefore to thank sincerely my friends and
correspondents for valuable assistance, especially D:r Mueller,
which had the benevolence to examine the greater part
of my new American species. (more than 200), and Prof. |
. Macoun, having sent about 7,000 specimens, collected in
— N. America in long travel: during many years.

Haakooping Sweden : 12 Octob. 1896.

<N. Conr. K indberg.

Ser. 1. Pleurocarpous.

Capsule lateral upon the stem or the branches, re-
gularly dehiscing by a deciduous lid.

Stem usually very much ramose and depressed to
the substrate, sometimes ascending, less often erect, rarely
quite straight.

In Hedwigia the capsule is generally toda

Tribe 1. Tricholepides.

Segments of the endostome (inner peristome) cilii-
form without keel or longitudinal line, free (neither connate
nor united). Usa
Capsule symmetric and erect; pedicel smooth. Leaves -
not distichous. Stem inate ee, without para-
phyllia.
2. Sometimes the endostome or E whole peristome
.. Às wanting. i

UU uM. Leaves timbate y Kort cells ; specie alar cells
generally not defined; inner cells seriate. he ug often
: immersed: x ;

: Fam. 1. TRE

- Leaves. smooth or papillose: borders recurved. Peri-
2 ome sometimes simple or wanting. Calyptra eucullate :
or mitriform. Branches julaceous or subjulaceous.

cells not seriate. Capsule not imm

— B. Leaves not limbate; alar cells ds midénte rit inner ee

or)

Fam. 2. Anomodontaceze.

Leaves generally papillose; borders sometimes recur-
ved; upper and middle cells oval-rhombic or rotundate ;

costa simple. Peristome double or (in Lindbergia) simple.
Calyptra cucullate.

Fam. 3. Fabroniacez.

Leaves smooth; borders not (or faintly near the base)
recurved; upper elis suboblong or narrower. Peristome
mostly incid Calyptra cucullate. Plants mostly small,
not tree-like.

Fam. 4. Endotrichacese.

Leaves smooth; borders not or indistinetly recurved ;
upper cells lao oiii linear. Peristome double. Calyptra
mitriform. Plants robust; stem tree-like.

Tribe 2. Dicholepides.

Endostomial segments carinate or marked. with a
longitudinal line, not united.

A. Stenolepidec. Endostomial soproni, narrow
(distinctly narrower than the exostomial teeth).

Capsule symmetric, not curved. — sometimes
mitriform. Leaves not falcate.

a. Distichophylle. Leaves dMbiüubous.

Capsule sometimes immersed. Leaves smooth (not
papillose).

PR b. i sada ones,

Upper leaf-cells. generally short and wide. Pedicel
of the capsule smooth. Calyptra cucullate or (in one
species) mitriform. Stem sometimes with paraphyllia,

b. Polystichophylle. Leaves plurifarious. in

Capsule exserted; pedicel smooth or (in Daltonia
and Helicodontium) rough. Leaves often papillose.

. Fam. 6. Leptodontaces.
TO tree-like; branches often circinnate; RAS Hia
. often present. Leaves smooth; cells more or less dilated.
oe ee cucullate.

Fam. 7. Meteoriacez.

Stem pendent, without paraphyllia. Leaves papillose;
cells very small, dilated or narrow. Calyptra mitriform
or cucullate. Dioecious, very rarely fruiting.

Fam. 8. Hookeriacez.
Stem neither tree-like nor pendent; paraphyllia none.
Leaves smooth or (in Callicostella) papillose; cells mostly
dilated. Calyptra mitriform. Monoecious or polygamous.

Fam. 9. Leskeacez.

Stem decumbent, often with paraphyllia. Leaves
mostly papillose; cells usually dilated. Calyptra cucullate.

Fam. 10. Entodontacez.

Stem generally decumbent, rarely ascending but not
tree-like; paraphyllia none. Leaves smooth; cells mostly
narrow. Calyptra cucullate.

B. Platylepidece. Endostomial segments broad.

Capsule often asymmetric or curved. Calyptra cucul-
late. Leaves sometimes falcate.

a. Primary stem rhizomatic, mostly subterranean;
secondary stems generally tree-like and suberect or ascend-
ing. = . P.

Leaves neither papillose nor faleate. |

Fam. 11. Climaciacee.

. Capsule symmetric or asymmetric; pedicel mostly
=~ . Smooth. Stem often with paraphyllia. Leaf-cells mostly
narrow. Branch-leaves often strongly serrate.
b. Stem not tree-like, generally decumbent.

Fam. 12. Thuidiacece.

| Capsule generally asymmetric or arrol pedicel
: generally smooth. Stem often with paraphyllia. Leaves
usually papillose, not un — faleate; cells Fer :
m DIT

Fam. 13. Hypnaceee.
Capsule sometimes symmetric, more often asymme-
tric or curved; pedicel often rough. Stem mostly without -

paraphyllia. Leaves not papillose, sometimes distichous
often faleate; cells mostly narrow.

Tribe 3. Symphyolepidez.

Endostome cancellate by in upper part united seg-
ments. i

Fam. 14. Fontinalaceæ.

Capsule symmetric, often immersed. Calyptra conic

or cucullate. Leaves smooth, often tristichous, sometimes
falcate; cells narrow. Plants growing in water.

Ser. 2. Acrocarpous.

Capsule (generally terminal upon the stem or the
branches. Stem usually straight and erect, mostly simple
or sparingly branching. ;

The capsule is lateral in Anoectangium, Mielich-
hoferia, Schlotheimia, Macromitrium, Rhizogonium and
Barbula squarrosa. The stem is decumbent and much
ramose (as in the pleurocarpous) in several Grimmiacee,
Orthotrichacec and Fissidentacec, also in Cinclidotus ;
in poc tree-like. s

Tribe 1. Stegocarpous.
Capsule with a ven generally deciduous lia.

Bubtribe 1. Filicoideæ astomæ.

Stem frondiform, more or less divided, in nerveless
ie lobes. iris none.

Fam. 15. Schistostegaceee.

Capsule very small. Calyptra conie. Prothallium
persistent. j

Subtribe 2. Ptychophylle astome.
Stem with subcomplicate leaves. Peristome none.

Fam. 16. Hustichiacee.

Leaves distichous, narrowly alate at the costa; inner
cells irregularly polygonal, the marginal ones narrow.

Subtribe 3. Haplostome.
Stem with not complicate leaves. Peristome simple,
sometimes wanting. |
. Section 1. Anarthrodontc. Peristomial teeth solid,
not articulate.

Fam. 17. Polytrichacee.
Peristomial teeth 32 or 64, small and linguiform.
Leaves with narrow lamellae near the costa; upper cells
roundish.

Fam. 18. Georgiacez.
Peristomial teeth 4, large and nearly subulate. Létvés
not lamellate.
Section 2. Arthrodonte. Peristomial teeth trans-
. versely articulate.
A. Leaves distichous, with two broad and embracing
stipular appendages (wings) at the base. |

Fam. 19. Piauidentatads.

Y — Peristomial teeth 16, usually cleft. Leaf-cells round-
. hexagonal or the marginal ones narrow. Plants growing
. On earth, seldom in springs and rivers. — :
p B. Leaves plurifarious or (in Disüchium) distichous,
. without stipular appendages. |
= Leaves sometimes. papillose | or saajien not rarely |
; ‘smooth. Plants seldom growinë: on Menu

10

a. Leaves generally not papillose (exc. some specie
of Grimmia and Racomitrium). Peristomial teeth no
contorted.

aa. Peristomial teeth with a longitudinal line.

Fam. 20. Splachnacez.

Calyptra conie or subcucullate, very small. Peristo
mial teeth generally entire, seldom finally split. Leaves
smooth, flaccid and faintly hygroscopic.

Capsule straight with a swollen neck or an umbra
culiform appendage (apophysis) Leaves broad; cells usually |
pellucid and large, the alar ones not defined. Plants often -
robust, usually growing on animal dung or rotten animals, .
rarely on rocks or trees.

Fam. 21.- Dicranacesz.

Calyptra cucullate, large or long. Peristomial teeth
generally cleft. Leaves not flaccid, sometimes mamillose.
Capsule often curved, generally narrow. Leaves
mostly narrow and subulate-acuminate, often setiform; cells .
more or less pellucid, the alar ones often dilated and sub-
quadrate. Tufts usually compact and very radiculose. -
Plants often robust, growing in swamps and woods, less E
often on rocks or trees. | | 3
b b. Peristomial teeth without longitudinal line.

Fam. 22. Seligeriacece. e

Calyptra cucullate. Peristomial teeth not cleft. Leaves
smooth, not opake. e v ds 2
Capsule straight, short and thick. Leaves generally
setiform and subulate-acaminate without hairpoint; cells
. more or less pellucid, the alar ones sometimes (in Blindia)
dilated and subquadrate, often not defined. Plants mostly
small and not densely (exc. Blindia) tufted, growing on
rocks, ter o ine ru U
. Calyptra mostly mitriform, sometimes cucullate. Peri-

11

stomial teeth often entire (or rimose), sometimes cleft.
Leaves opake, sometimes papillose.

Capsule straight, sometimes narrow, without distinct
neck. Leaves mostly narrow and not subulate-acuminate,
often with hairpoint; cells small, often with sinuous walls,
the upper opake but generally not well-defined from the
lower ones; alar (subquadrate) cells not rarely distinct.

Tufts often dense and pulvinate. Plants not seldom
small, generally growing on rocks.

b. Leaves generally papillose and opake above.
Peristomial teeth often contorted.

Fam. 24. Weisiacee.

Calyptra cucullate, deciduous. Peristomial teeth mostly
without a longitudinal line, sometimes wanting.

Capsule generally straight, often narrow, without (exc.
Dermatodon) prominent neck; teeth either partite to the
basal tube or deeply cleft, less often entire. Leaves mostly
broad, often crisped when dry; upper cells very small,
well-defined from the lower ones; alar cells not distinct
or forming a margin near the base; cellwalls (exc. Gehee-
bia) not sinuous. Tufts often loose. Plants mostly gro-
wing on earth and stones, often sterile.

Fam. 25. Calymperaceze
Calyptra persistent, dehiscing with longitudinal slits
above, constricted below the unripe pepe. Peristome
none.
Capsule straight and oval without neck. Leaves

| marrow and convolute, crisped or cirrate in dry state;

= upper cells very small. Tufts often loose. Plants growing
on trees, i ey fruiting. Eus :

Subtribe 4. Diplostoma.

Peristome generally double. — ka
Section 1. Stenolepidew. Nicdoetondal ciet: nar-

Leaves not ambos Po dap

Tow, rarely confluent above. - Lorna toh sunie cub "^

12

A. Leaves generally papillose and opake above;
upper cells mostly small and well-defined from the lower
ones. Tufts dense. Calyptra rarely cucullate.

* Fam. 26. Encalyptaces.

Calyptra long-acuminate, cylindric. Basal leaf-cells
finally rufous. :

Capsule cylindric, often not necked. Calyptra not
hairy but often rough. Leaves entire, sometimes with
hairpoint. Plants growing on earth and stones. Hab
of Barbula (Syntrichia).

Fam. 27. Orthotrichaceze.

Calyptra short-apiculate, usually mitriform (conie o
campanulate), rarely cucullate. Basal leafcells not rufous.

Capsule oval-oblong or subcylindric, mostly with
distinct neck. Calyptra generally hairy. Leaves usuall
entire, very seldom with hairpoint. Plants often pulvinate
usually growing on trees, sometimes on rocks. Habit o
Grimmia. r

B. Leaves generally smooth and not opake; cells
nearly uniform. Tufts sometimes loose. Calyptra cucullate
Plants growing in swamps or on rocks. Poo rte

Fam. 28. Messeaceæ. sa

.. Capsule oblique, generally with long neck ; endosto
mial segments free. QA M un :

: Leaves mostly serrate, not or. indistinctly limbate,
resembling those of Bryum in the areolation. - |
| Fam. 29, Oinclidiacem, m.

- Capsule not oblique; neck short and thick or indi-
stinet ; endostomial segments connate above to a convex
cupula. - t d t eit. o e dE

_ Leaves entire, (usually broadly) limbate, resembling
those of Mnium pu nciatum. — Dao >

-Section atylepidece. Endostomial segments

eth articulate. Leaves not comp i-

broad, not conflu
cle = v 7

13

A. Leaves generally papillose or mamillose; cells
sometimes diversiform. Capsule with indistinct or short
neck.

Fam. 30. Bartramiaceze.

Calyptra cucullate, entire, not inflate. Capsule sub-
globose or finally oblique; teeth often without longitudinal
line; endostome sometimes with cilia. Tufts dense. Leaves
mostly narrow. Plants perennial, growing on rocks or
in swamps.

B. Leaves generally smooth (in Aulacomnium and
Timmia sometimes papillose); cells polygonal, nearly
uniform or gradually passing to the longer basal ones.
Capsule often necked.

Fam. 31. Funariacee.
Calyptra inflate. Peristomial teeth without longitudi-
nal line; endostome without cilia.
Calyptra often split or lobulate at base, mitriform
or cucullate. Leaves very thin. Plants generally annual,
small and not tufted, growing on earth.

Fam. 32. Bryacese.

Calyptra not inflate. Peristomial teeth with longi-
tudinal line; endostome often with cilia.

Calyptra entire, cucullate. Plants generally perennial,
mostly tufted, growing on earth and sons. sometimes in
swamps, less often on trees.

Section 3. Pseud-Arthrodonte. Endostomial seg-
ments wholly confluent to a plicate membrane; teeth in-
completely articulate or wanting. Leaves not complicate,
sometimes very small and nearly indistinct. :

Fam. 33. Buxbaumiaces. a
Plants small. Stem often indistinct.

Tribe 2. Schizocarp
Capsule dehiseing | by. 4 den itudi
Above. Peristome none.

14

*

Fam. 34. Andresacez,

Leaves often papillose; cells small, the upper short =
Capsule blackish. Habit of Grimmia (Schistidium).

Tribe 3. Cleistocarpous.

Capsule not dehiscing; lid not distinct. Plants mostly
small.
Fam. 35. Bruchiacez,

Leaves narrow; cells elongate. Capsule often (prine
pally in American species) necked. Prothallium often per
sistent. Habit of Trematodon and Dicranella.

Fam. 36. "Voitiacese.

Leaves broad, entire and flaccid, smooth; cells large
and wide. Capsule without distinct neck. Habit of.

Splachnum.
Fam. 37. Physcomitrellacez.

Leaves broad, serrate and flaccid, smooth; cel
polygonal, nearly uniform, the upper short. Capsule. hpekat
Calyptra inflate. Habit of Physcomitrium. —.—

Fam. 38. Phascaceæ,

Leaves generally broad, often entire, not idein
papillose; upper cells short. apte without neck. Habi
of Pottia.

Fen = | Oryphmacese
A. Leaves nerveless, ‘Generally entire = indistin tly
sinuolate above). - t
I Hida. Capsule ossis. letmi 2 oft
immersed; peristome none; calyptra submit

late, sometimes hairy. Leaves papillose; upper cells ;
oblong, Monoecious or "Tuoeioqs: "ras

M

2. Leucodon. Capsule lateral, mostly exserted;
teeth whitish; endostome wanting or rudimentary; calyptra
cucullate, glabrous. Leaves smooth; upper cells oblong
or lanceolate. Dioecious.

B. Leaves costate, sometimes denticulate.

a. Costa of the leaves simple. Monoecious.

3. Forsstroemia. Capsule often exserted; peristome
simple without endostome; calyptra cucullate, hairy. Leaves
indistinctly papillose; upper cells suboval.

4. Cryphea. Capsule immersed; peristome double;
calyptra papillose above, mitriform or cucullate. Leaves
papillose ; upper cells short or elongate.

b. Costa of the leaves divided into 3 or 5 branches.
Dioecious.

5. ° Antitrichia. Capsule exserted; peristome double;
calyptra cucullate, glabrous. Leaves smooth; upper cells
mostly narrow.

Fam. 2. Anomodontacez (new fam.)

6. Anomodon. Endostomial segments mostly short.
— Leaves generally entire. Stem without paraphyllia. Dioe-
: .. eious.
ED E - Lindbergia (new genus) Endostome wanting.
d Leaves denticulate at acumen. Stem with paraphyllia.
. . Monoecious.

Fam. 3. Fabroniaceæ.
= A. Peristome simple, rarely (in one species of -
_... Fabronia) wanting. Plants small. e
] a. Leaves serrate or fimbriate. Capsule not annulate;
=~ Calyptra unripe mitriform, liy mat at one side and
cueullate.

simple or indistinct. Monoecious.

Singiues, umm. duenilnle.

an aer -Fabronia. bid of the mra not rostrate; teeth oe
with longitudinal line, often. united in pairs. Costa e ———

. Leaves entire or (above) mone deniewate, n

16

9. Clasmatodon. Lid of the capsule rostellate
teeth irregular and narrow, generally without longitudina
line, sometimes split below. Leaves sometimes deniers
above; costa simple. Monoecious.

10. Habrodon. Lid of the capsule conic, HOt
stellate; teeth with longitudinal line. Leaves entire, nerve
less. Dioecious. ;

B. .Peristome double. Leaves somewhat large.

11. Anacampíodon. Lid of the capsule rostellate
teeth united in pairs (as in Orthotrichum), with longi
tudinal line; annulus none; pedicel long. Leaves entire
costa simple. Monoecious. "m

Fam. 4. Endotrichacez (new fam.)

| 12. Pterobryum. Leaves nearly entire; inner cells |
sublinear; costa long and simple.

Fam. 5. Neckeraces.

13. Neckera. Capsule sometimes immersed; cilia
wanting. Leaves not truncate above, often undulate; cost:
mostly short and double. Stem usually pinnate, ofte
with flagellate branches, sometimes with parapi lia. Mos
dioecious. T
14. Neckeropsis. Capsule THRONE “Leaves trun-
cate, sometimes undulate; costa simple. Stem i
branching without flagella and paraphyllia. b noecio
Calyptra sometimes mitriform. - :

15. Porotrichum. Capsule exserted ; cilia appen
. diculate. Leaves neither truncate nor undulate: costa
e —— Stem subpinnate with paraphyllia. Dioecious.

; Fam. 6. Leptodontaceze (new: fam.)
16. Leptodon. | - Capsule scarcely exserted. Leaves

not limbate. Branches (secondary stems) invente ircinna
when dry; paraphyllia present o <-
= 17. Macouniella (new genus). oii distinc
; exserted. Leav s limbate to the acumen by r quadr
cells. Branch not ee wanting.

17

Fam. 7. Meteoriacez,

18. Papillaria, Alar leaf-cells numerous; inner
cells dilated; costa short and double.

19. Meteorium. Alar leaf-cells few; inner cells
sublinear; costa simple.

Fam. 8. Hookeriacee.

I. Hookeriece. Capsule and pedicel smooth. Upper
leaf-cells very dilated.

A. Leaves with 2 long nerves, generally narrowly
limbate; upper cells round-hexagonal.

20. Hookeria. Leaves smooth; cells large; nerves
not spiniform. Calyptra lobulate at base. Monoecious
or polygamous.

21. Callicostella. Leaves papillose; cells not large;
nerves spiniform. Calyptra fringed. Monoecious.

B. Leaves not or obsoletely costate, not distinctly
limbate; upper cells oval-hexagonal.

i 22. Pterygophyllum. Leaves smooth; cells ue.
=- Calyptra lobulate at base. Monoecious.
; II. Daltoniee. Capsule and pedicel rough. Upper
m leat cells suboblong.

“3323. -Daltonia. Leaves smooth, broadly limbate; costa
hice and simple. Calyptra fringed below the narrow point.
: Monoecious. or synoecious.

Fam. 9. Leskeacez.

A. Leaves with papilliferous cilia.

24. "Thelia. Leaves strongly papillose, tenis. the
. broadly round-ovate base abruptly tapering to the long
. acumen, not recurved; upper and middle cells rotundate;
. Costa short. Stem often with numerous parapiylia; bran-
- r9 ches erect and julaceous. ,
B. Leaves not ciliate.
o. du Stem with paraphyllia. Leaves ‘often as Aa
af? 95 Pterygynandrum. Leaves papillose; upper cells
suboblong, the inner ones narrower; costa short, simple

48

or double. Paraphyllia few. Endostomial segments often
rudimentary. Dioecious.
26. Leskea. Leaves papillose; cells rotundate-qua- |
drate; costa long. Paraphyllia numerous. Endostomial seg :
ments rimose. Monoecious.
27. Lescurea. Leaves smooth or (seldom) faintly
papillose; cells lanceolate-linear; costa long. Paraphyllia |
not numerous. Endostomial segments entire, very narrow
Dioecious.
b. Stem without paraphyllia. Leaves smooth; middle
and upper cells dilated, suboblong or oval; costa mostl
simple. |
28. Myrinia. Pedicel of the capsule smooth. Leaves
entire. |
29. Helicodontium. Pedicel of the capsule rough
Leaves serrulate.

Fam. 10. Eutodontaces (new fam.)
3 I. Apterygiee. All leaf-cells. narrow, linear; costa
indistinct.

30. Holmgrenia. Leaves entire, Denn. shining
lower basal cells mostly orange-colored. . Capsule. annulate
. Stem irregularly divided or. simple. Dioecious, rarel

fruiting. ee

II. BEododonte- Alar leaf-cells subquadrate; middle
cells generally narrow; costa short and double or indistinct

A. Leaves not recurved, Moai obtusate ; alar cell
: usually large |...

31. Entodon. | Coa: Binerally erect; fe ofte
rostrate; annulus mostly broad; endostomial segments lowei
than the teeth. meade monoecious.

19

33. Tripterocladium. Capsule often cernuous; lid
not rostrate; (annulus not seen); endostome lower than
the teeth. Alar leaf-cells numerous. Mostly monoecious.

Fam. 11. Climaciacez (new fam.)

A. Capsule symmetric; pedicel smooth. Branch-
leaves generally serrate.

I. Climaciece. Branches with numerous paraphyllia.
Columella of the capsule exserted. Endostome without cilia.

94. Climacium. Inner leaf-cells narrow; alar cells.
short, numerous, often finally reddish; costa simple. The
naked part of the stem usually fing: branches simple,
fasciculate.

Il. Jsotheciece. Branches without paraphyllia. Colu-
mella of the capsule not exserted. Endostome often with
cilia.

35. Alsia. Leaves not mamillose; inner cells narrow,
the alar ones numerous; costa simple. Cilia of the endo-
stome appendiculate; segments long.

36. Jsothecium. Leaves (principally the uppermost)
mamillose above; inner cells mostly narrow, the upper
ones sometimes dilated; alar cells not numerous; costa

. Simple. Cilia of the endostome. seldom appendiculate ;

|J. Segments long.

37. Pterogonium. Leaves mamillose; inner cells

Suboval, the alar ones very numerous; costa short and

. double. Segments of the endostome short; cilia wanting.

B. Capsule generally asymmetric; pedicel sometimes
. rough. Branch-leaves sometimes entire or denticulate.

Ill. Hylocomiece. Upper and. middle leaf-cells narrow.

2 38 Hylocomium. Endostome with cilia. Pedicel

. 9f the capsule often rough. Alar leaf-cells generally not

large, sometimes indistinct; costa mostly double. Stem

: Pagi sometimes wanting. |
99. Girgensohnia. Endostome wilde dia Pedicel

oe ip

pinnate or bi-tripinnate; the naked bee not t long; P 2

| ot the [un smooth. Alar Mom mm. large; du

times recurved; costa sometimes simple. Capsule usually

20

simple. Stem bi-tripinnate; the naked part long; para-
phyllia numerous. :

IV. Thamniece. Upper leaf-cells generally round-
rhombic, the middle suboval. :

40. Thamnium. Endostome with appendiculate cilia.
Pedicel of the capsule smooth. Alar leaf-cells few, small
and not much distinct; costa simple. Stem with fasciculate
branches or pinnate; the naked part mostly long; para-
phyllia none.

Fam. 12. Thuidiacez (new fam.)
A. Costa of the leaves short, mostly double, or —
indistinct. y
a. Leaves erect or appressed when moist, not
recurved; costa double or indistinct. Capsule suberect.
Branches erect; paraphyllia wanting.
41. Myurella. Leaves cochleariform; cells rotun-
date. Branches julaceous. eui
b. Leaves patent or spreading when moist, some-

inclined. Branches decumbent; paraphyllia few or wanting.

42. Heterocladium. (haves spreading and claviculi-
form or subfaleate when moist, generally dimorphous;
those of the stem seldom appressed when dry; middle cells
oval-oblong.

48. Pseudoleskeella (new genus.) Leaves not sprea-
ding when moist, appressed when dry, not seldom homo-
morphous; cells generally round-oval.

. B. Costa of the leaves long and simple, tios
subpercurrent. ;

44. Pseudoleskea.. Leaves homomorphous. Stem
not regularly pinnate.

Leaves sometimes not papillose, not seldom folcale,
mostly patent when dry; cells oval-oblong or narrower.
Stem usually with paraphyllia. :

. 4b. Thuidium. Leaves dimorphous. Stem pinnate.

Leaves xus Papilio not falcate, appressed or

21

crisped when dry; cells mostly round-oval, less often sub-
oblong, seldom narrower. Paraphyllia sometimes wanting.

Fam. 13. Hypnacee.

A. Capsule generally symmetric and erect, not
curved.

I. Pylaisiece. Leaves neither distichous nor falcate ;
angular or alar cells subquadrate; costa short and double
or indistinct. Endostomial segments sometimes partly con-
nate with the teeth; annulus mostly indistinct. Pedicel
of the capsule smooth. Monoecious.

46. Pylaisia. Endostomial segments reaching above
the teeth. Lid of the capsule not rostrate. Alar (angular)
leaf-cells small, usually green.

47. Pylaisiella (new genus). Endostomial segments
lower than the teeth. Lid of the capsule rostrate. Spe-
cial alar cells sometimes large and pellucid.

B. Capsule generally asymmetric and inclined or
curved.

chous, often incurved or subfaleate, acute, generally acu-
minate, mostly recurved at the borders; alar cells vesiculi-
form and rotundate, orange or hyaline; inner cells generally

narrow. Capsule usually small; lid rostrate ; pedicel smooth.

48. Raphidostegium. Leaves usually small; costa
mostly indistinct. Stem without paraphyllia.

Ill. Plagiotheciece. Leaves generally distichous or
subdistichous by the complanate branches, not curved,
seldom recurved at the borders; alar cells polygonal or
indistinct; inner cells generally narrow. Lid of the cap-
sule sometimes rostrate; pedicel usually smooth. Stem
Sometimes (in some species of ak Mpeg nct with :
paraphyllia. ;

a. Leaves vaamifose above.
49. Rhynchostegium. Leaves —M dia acute;

II. Raphidostegiew. Leaves not rarely subdisti-

cells not seriate; costa often simple. Lid of the capsule -

usually rostrate. Stem often. with. ar

22

50. Taxithelium. Leaves obtusate or shortacumi. _
nate; cells seriate; costa indistinct. Lid of the capsule -
not rostrate. Stem without paraphyllia. E

b. Leaves not mamillose. Stem without paraphyllia.

51.. Plagiothecium. Lid of the capsule usually not
rostrate. Alar leaf-cells not numerous, often indistinct; .
apical cells narrow; costa mostly indistinct or short and —
double. oa

52. Stereophyllum.. Lid of the capsule rostellate.
Alar leaf-cells small but very numerous; upper cells sub-
oval; costa long and simple. re

IV.. Amblystegiece. Leaves neither distichous nor -—
faleate, rarely recurved at the borders; alar cells polygonal 3
or indistinct; middle cells generally oval-oblong. Lid of
the capsule not rostrate; pedicel smooth. Stem without
paraphyllia. — Tufts usually not shining. Leaves mostly
small. a ie

98. Amblystegium. Leaves not limbate, all acu- —
minate and acute; costa often short and double (or indi-
stinet). | :

94. Platyloma (new genus) Leaves broadly lim-
bate- by linear cells, those of the branches obtusate; costa
long and simple. NUR. "rm
j V. Hypnec. Leaves generally not distichous, often
falcate; alar cells polygonal or indistinct; upper and middle
cells generally narrow. Lid of the capsule often rostrate;
pedicel often rough. - Stem less often with paraphyllia. -

Here belonging genera are rather subgenera of Hyp-
num and not wholly distinct. ae

.. @ Leaves generally obtusate (at least those of the
Stem) not triangular; costa often short and double, Li
of the capsule not rOstrate; pedicel smooth. Stem without
= partephylia — pe ee eee ae
. 55. Calliergon (new genus). Leaves of the bran

b. Leaves acuminate and acute, generally triangula

23
often apiculate; pedicel usually rough. Stem rarely (in
one species) with paraphyllia.

56. Camptothecium. Leaves plicate below, recurved
at the borders; alar cells small, generally impressed at
the basal angles. Capsule sometimes straight. Tufts often
shining. Mostly dioecious.

c. Leaves acuminate and acute, arrounded or decur-
rent at base, not triangular, rarely falcate; costa generally
long and simple. Lid of the capsule often rostrate; pedicel
often rough. Stem rarely (in few species) with paraphyllia.

57. Eurhynchium. Leaves mamillose above (at least
the. younger ones), rarely plicate, not or faintly (near the
base) recurved; costa simple. Lid of the capsule often
rostrate; pedicel often rough. Stem often pinnate.

98. Brachythecium. Leaves not mamillose above,

often plicate in the middle and recurved at the borders;

costa simple. Lid of the capsule rarely (in few species)
rostrate; pedicel often rough. Stem generally not regularly
pinnate.

99. Campylium. Leaves not mamillose abovejilét

plicate, generally not recurved, often spreading; costa
mostly short and double (or indistinct). Lid of the capsule
not rostrate; pedicel smooth. Stem — pinnate;
paraphyllia wanting.

d. Leaves acuminate and acute, neither triangular
nor falcate; costa short and double or indistinct. Lid of
the capsule often rostrate; pedicel smooth. Stem usually
with numerous paraphyllia.

60. Jn e" ndn: Pss mamillose
above.

e. lumbos pengane: or susie acute, not faleate,

with a cordate, broadly auricled base; costa simple, double -

-

Or indistinct. Lid of the japon: rostrate; pute e ;

Stem without paraphyllia. —

61. Myurium. pues shes ji I iacet eons: 5. "Plants robust e - i

; : Areolation of the leave

24

falcate. Lid of the capsule rarely rostrate; pedicel smooth .
or (in one species) faintly rough above. Stem sometimes
with paraphyllia.

62. Hypnum. Leaves often mamillose above, less —
often recurved at the borders. Stem often pinnate. E

Fam. 14. PFontinalacez.

I. Fontinalece. Leaves nerveless, not faleate. Cap- `
sule immersed; lid not often rostrate; calyptra conic. E
. 63. Fontinalis. Peristome long. Leaves not lim-
bate, often tristichous; alar cells more or less distinct.
Dioecious or (rarely) paroecious. :

II. Dichelymec Leaves costate and faleate. Cap-
sule mostly exserted; lid rostrate; calyptra cucullate.

64. Dichelyma. Capsule mostly exserted; teeth —
long; calyptra large. Leaves usually not limbate; alar P».
cells nearly indistinct; costa often excurrent. Dioecious. 4

65. Brachelyma. Capsule immersed; teeth short;
calyptra very small and short. Leaves limbate ; costa not =
excurrent. E

Fam. 15. Schistostegacez. :

66. Schistostega. Capsule pedicellate, subglobose. 4
Fam. 16. Eustichiaceæ, |

67. Eustichia. Capsule pedicellate, globose.

Fam. 17. Polytrichacez, : :
A. Leaves limbate by narrow cells, not sheathing.
68. Catharinea. Leaves not lamelliferous at back, _
not contracted above the base, usually long, always flaccid,
crisped when dry; lamelle few, not sinuolate. Capsule
symmetric without angles and appendage (apophysis), not -
papillose ; calyptra glabrous or at apex rough, long-acumi
nate. Sometimes paroecious, mostly dioecious.
B. Leaves not limbate, usually sheathing. Dioecious.
4. Leaves with sinuolate or serrate lamellæ. -

25

69. Oligotrichum. Leaves lamelliferous on both
sides, not contracted above the base, more or less crisped;
lamelle not numerous, those of the upper side sinuolate,
those of the under side usually serrate. Capsule sub-
symmetric without angles and apophysis; calyptra sparingly
hairy or glabrous.

10. Psilopilum. Leaves not lamelliferous at back,
contracted above the base, rigid; lamellee numerous, sinu-
olate. Capsule asymmetric without angles and apophysis;
ealyptra glabrous.

71. Baríramiopsis (new genus). Leaves not lamellife-
rous at back, long-ciliate near the sheathing base, flaccid,
more or less crisped when dry; lamelle few, serrate.
Capsule without angles and apophysis; teeth, lid and
ealyptra unknown.

b. Leaves lamellate only at the upper side; lamelle
neither sinuolate nor serrate.

72. Catharinella (new genus) Leaves not con-
tracted above the (more or less or not sheathing) base,
flaccid, erisped when dry; lamellz numerous, not densely
cohering. Capsule papillose without angles and apophysis;
ealyptra densely hairy, short-acuminate.

73. Polytrichum. Leaves abruptly contracted above
the distinct sheath, often rigid, sometimes incurved, not
crisped; lamelle densely cohering, seldom (in one species)
few (about 10), otherwise numerous. Capsule smooth or
papillose, often with angles and apophysis; calyptra densely
hairy with a not long acumen, rarely (in one species)
sparingly hairy and long-acuminate.

Fam. 18. Georgiaces. . a
74. Georgia. Capsule exserted. Leaves smooth;
cells small, the upper short, — or oval. Plants
small, sometimes minute. y

"iden 19. | Fissidentacoz.

nbi Fissidens. ‘Peristomial t teeth. aio in LO | Hs

26

cleft. Pedicel of the capsule exserted. Leaves usually
approached. .

76. Conomiírium. Peristomial teeth not united in
pairs, entire or cleft. Pedicel of the capsule immersed. y
Leaves very loosely disposed.

Fam. 20. Splachnaces.

I. Splachnece. Peristome present. Leaves not opake.
4. Capsule with a (mostly thieker) swollen neck
or an umbraculiform appendage (apophysis) of different
color; pedicel flaccid; teeth not split, usually deflexed —
and appressed when dry. Spores small. Calyptra mostly |
conic. Leaves not recurved, often subulate- acuminate;
costa not excurrent.
77. Splachnum. Peristomial teeth united bolo
formed by 3 layers; columella exserted. Tufts loose.
Usually dioecious. ian
78. Haplodon (new genus) Peristomial teeth di-
stant, formed by 2 layers; columella not exserted. Tufts ;
dense. Monoecious. :
B. Capsule with a swollen neck of same color;
pedicel rigid. Calyptra subcucullate. Tufts usually dense.
4. Leaves subulate-acuminate, not recurved; costa
often excurrent. Capsule narrower than the neck; teeth
usually deflexed and speed when dry; columella nne
exserted.
19. Telra pibdois Poruicubind teeth united below,
formed by 2 layers. Usually monoecious. Spores small.
b. Leaves not subulate-acuminate, more or less:
distinctly recurved below; costa rarely (in one species)
excurrent. Capsule thicker’ than the neck ; _ teeth often
erect; columella often exserted.

| 80. Dissodon. Capsule with a aiibi neck;
teeth entire, erect when dry. Leaves obtusate and. obtuse,
entire or indistinctly denticulate above. Spores large,
about 0,03 or Os domes DA RN Si gusten MER

27

teeth sometimes (in 7. splachnoides) partite, mostly de-
flexed when dry. Leaves acuminate, serrate above. Spores
small Monoecious.

Il. Oedípodiec. Peristome wanting. Leaves opake.
Pedicel of the capsule eonfluent, with the neck.

82. Oedipodium. Pedicel and neck of the capsule
tubular, whitish green, not rigid. Leaves obtuse and entire,
with long cilia at base; costa broad. Sometimes synoecious.

Fam. 21. Dicranacee.

A. Peristomial teeth 8.

I. Octoblepharece. Peristomial teeth entire, short
and pale yellowish. Capsule straight; pedicel short. Leaves
whitish and rigid, not mamillose; marginal cells numerous
at the base; costa very broad.

88. Octoblepharum. Plants small.

B. Peristomial teeth 16. Leaves whitish, nearly
filled by the costa; marginal cells obsolete.

IL Leucobryece. Capsule curved; teeth bifid, long
and red; pedicel long. Leaves not mamillose, plurifarious.

84. Leucobrgum. Plants generally robust.

C. Peristomial teeth 16. Leaves green, with distinct
cells on both sides of the costa.

a. Leaves distichous.

Ill. Distichieæœ. Capsule erect or inclined; teeth cleft.
Leaves sheathing; lower cells narrow, the upper pronta
alar cells not defined. |

85. Distichium. Leaves Mu and narrow; costa
long-excurrent.

b. Leaves ei

aa. Leaf-cells dilated, the upper iineely aoak

c IV. Aongstroemiec. Capsule straight, very small;
teeth cleft. Leaves not mamillose, short and obtuse. —

; 86. — paas wees not striate. Plants —

very small.

bb. Leaf-cells. narrow, at least the lower ones; LI
et Molins uadr: rate long-ova

28

V. Trematodontec. Capsule curved; teeeth cleft
or entire. Leaves not mamillose; alar cells not defined. —
Differs from other Dicranacee in the long neck z the a
capsule. E

87. Trematodon. Leaves mostly narrow.

VL Ditrichece. Capsule generally straight; teeth
partite with subfiliform legs. Leaves not mamillose, narrow;
cells narrow, the alar seldom distinct.

88. Ditrichum. Capsule usually not sulcate when $
dry. Habit of Dicranella. e

VIL Cynodontiece. Capsule oblique or straight; -
teeth cleft (in Cynodontium schisti mostly entire). Leaves —
mamillose, mostly recurved, denticulate; upper cells sub- -
quadrate; alar cells generally not well-defined ; costa narrow,
not excurrent. Calyptra not fimbriate. _ 4

89. Cynodontium. Leaves not sheathing. Capsule
mostly sulcate. e

90. Dichodontium. Leaves sheathing. Capsule not E.
sulcate. 3

Vill. Dicranee. Capsule curved or straight; teeth —
cleft or (in few species) partite with subulate legs. Leaves 4
generally not mamillose and not recurved, denticulate or -
entire; alar cells (exc. some species of Campylopus)
well-defined. Leaves generally setiform and somewhat |
rigid, sometimes crisped when dry. Plants mostly robust.

91. Dicranum. Calyptra not fimbriate. Leaves
without hairpoint; alar cells distinct; costa mostly narrow,
not often long-excurrent. Pedicel of the capsule ( exc. 2-
species) straight.

92. Campylopus. Calyptra fimbriate at base. Leaves
sometimes with hairpoint; alar cells sometimes not defined;
costa mostly very broad and long-excurrent. Pedicel of -
the capsule arcuate or flexuous. Not often fruiting. | ^

IX. Dicranellec. Capsule curved or straight; teeth
cleft or entire. Leaves not mamillose, sometimes recur-
ved, denticulate or entire; - cells not often. distinet

29

costa mostly narrow. Plants generally not large (exc.
Oncophorus and Oreas).

* Peristomial teeth cleft.

93. Dicranella. Capsule mostly curved, sometimes
strumose, often sulcate when dry. Leaves narrow, often
entire, sometimes sheathing; cells generally narrow, the
alar not (exc. D. rubra) defined; costa often excurrent,
seldom broad.

94, Dicranoweisia. Capsule straight and not stru-
mose (or, in one species, slightly curved and substrumose),
not suleate. Leaves narrow, entire, not sheathing; upper
cells short; alar cells mostly distinct; costa narrow, rarely
excurrent.

95. Oncophorus. Capsule curved, strumose, not
suleate. Leaves with a very broad and sheathing base,
often entire; upper cells short; alar cells not defined;
costa narrow, not exeurrent. Plants mostly large.

** Peristomial teeth us. entire. Capsule straight,
striate, not strumose. Leaves narrow, denticulate; upper
cells short.

96. Rhabdoweisia. Capsule terminal; pedicel
straight. Costa of the leaves not excurrent. Plants small.

97. Oreas. Capsule lateral or sublateral; pedicel
areuate. Costa of the leaves excurrent. Plants generally
large.

Fam. 22. Seligeriacez.
I. Seligeriece. Alar leaf-cells not distinct. Plants
very small, generally not tufted. Monoecious.

98. Seligeria. Calyptra cucullate. - Peristome usu-
ally well-evolute, in one species wanting. |
99. Brachydontium. Calyptra submitriform. and —
. lobate. Peristome rudimentary. Habit of Seligeria. —

= 100. Trochobryum. Peristome rudimentary; teeth
very short and truncate. Calyptra cucullate. Leaves. with
a very long-excurrent costa.

ei: IL Blindiec.. Alar leat-eolis dilated, general — qe

30

drate. Plants larger than the Seligeriece, tufted. Usual
dioecious,

101. Blindia. Peristome well-wolute or —
Habit of Dicranella. - APER

Fam. 23. Grimmiacez.

A. Capsule thin-walled, generally terminal; lid soon
deciduous, not thick.

l. Grimmiec. Lower leaf-cells rectangular or quie
drate. Spores not large.

a. Calyptra not plicate, mitriform or (sometimes in
Grimmia) cucullate. Leaves not (exc. Grimmia ceespiticia)
distinctly sulcate. Capsule exserted or (sometimes in
Grimmia) immersed. .

102. Grimmia. Peristome short; teeth often entire,
rarely rudimentary or wanting. Leaves often with hair-
point; cells (seldom all) sometimes with sinuous walls,
diversiform. Pedicel of the eapsule generally not long,
sometimes curved. Stem mostly erect.

103. Racomitrium. Peristome long; teeth usually
partite. Leaves often with hairpoint; ‘cells (mostly all,
exc. the alar ones) with sinuous walls, generally diversi-
form. Pedicel of the capsule straight, generally io.
Stem mostly decumbent or ascending.

104. Campylostelium. Peristome long; teeth more €
less cleft, incurved when dry. Leaves without hairpoin!
cells rectangular with not sinuous walls. Pedicel of the
capsule often curved. Stem erect and simple. Habit 0
. Seligeria.. Plants very small.
|. b. Calyptra plicate, mitriform. Leaves often éfilcalé
cell-walls not sinuous. Stem erect.

105. Coscinodon. Capsule immersed. Leaves wit
a long hairpoint, not crisped when dry. Dioecious 0
monoecious. Habit of Grimmia pulvinata. ee

106. Brachystelium. Capsule exserted. ied

without Sete to HNMDT ROM cis “Monoeeious.. Habit
of o MEE z

31

Il. Drummondiec. Leaf-cells rotundate.. Spores
very large.

107. .Drummondia. Capsule exserted; teeth rudi-
mentary; pedicel straight. Calyptra concave, involving
the capsule, finally cucullate. Leaves without hairpoint;
cellwalls not sinuous. Stem decumbent; branches short
and erect. Habit of Orthotrichum.

B. Capsule thick-walled, sublateral on short bran-
ches; lid thick, long-persistent upon the thick and elevate
columella.

IIl. Scouleriece. Capsule immersed, very broad and
eupuliform; calyptra cucullate.

108. Scouleria. Capsule small-mouthed when young,
blackish when dry; teeth very short and brittle, finally
often adhering to the lid. Leaves dentate, without hair-
point; the lower ones, when emarcid, with persistent costa ;
cellwalls not sinuous. Spores very large, about 0,05—0,06.
mm. Stem branching, floating in water. Plants robust.
Dioecious. Habit of Cinclidotus.

Fam. 24. Weisiaceæ. “

A. Peristome not cancellate.

I. Barbulec. Peristomial teeth partite to the basal

~ (often tessellate, more or less distinct) tube, with hair-like,
: mostly long and often contorted branches. Capsule without
_ distinct neck, generally straight. : |
* Leaves without lamellze on the costa. |
| 109. Barbula. Capsule symmetric, straight or (rarely)
faintly curved; teeth not incurved. Leaves sins papillose ;
cell-walls not sinuous.
: 110. Ceratodon. Capsule (more or m asymme-
. trie, usually eurved; teeth incurved when dry, n not contor-
ted. Leaves smooth; cell-walls not sinuous. -
~ A11. Geheebia. Leaves papillose ; cell- -walls sinuous.
Capsule unknown. Plants robust.

Costa, Papillose:

** Leaves with lamelle or mood filaments c on the a ; T |

32

112. Aloina. Peristome contorted. Leaves strongl
involute above; filaments very numerous; costa very broad
Stem very short. Pedicel of the capsule long.

113. Crossidium. ^ Peristome usually contorted
Leaves reflexed or flat at the borders, imbricate; filament
numerous; costa narrow.

114. Pterygoneuron. Peristome not contorted, mostl
wanting. Leaves imbricate, not involute; lamellze few
costa narrow. Monoecious.

Il. Didymodontec. Peristomial teeth not partite -
but more or less cleft (or in Pottia entire), with longi
tudinal line, not contorted but sometimes half-twisted
basal] tube very saon: Leaves without lamellæ on the
costa. *

* Capsule symmetric without distinct neck. ?

115. Didymodon. Peristomial teeth more or less |
cleft. Leaves usually papillose, generally broader near
the base. Habit of Barbula (Eu-Barbula).

116. Pottia. Peristomial teeth not cleft, often rudi-
mentary or wanting. Leaves broader above the middle,
often smooth. Habit of Barbula (Tortula). :

** Capsule oblique or arcuate with a thick neck

117. JDermaíodon. Peristomial teeth cleft. Leaves
papillose, broader above the middle. Habit of Ceratodon.

Ill. Weisiec. Peristomial teeth without longi
dinal line, not twisted, generally short and entire (rarely
cleft), sometimes wanting; basal tube not distinct. Leaves
. without lamellæ.
2 118. Weisia. Capsule without neck, generally
Straight and symmetric. Leaves usually papillose, not
limbate, not seldom involute above, often crisped when dry.

IV. Syrrhopodontee. Peristomial teeth without
: longitudinal line and basal tube, not twisted, short and
entire. Leaves bilamellate at the borders or limbate
often with propagula.

119. Syrrhopodon. Gapoulie straight and symme-
tric, subcylindrie, narrowed above to «the. month, 4e g

33

rostrate, not or indistinctly necked; pedicel elongate.
Leaves sheathing and channelled, denticulate, crisped when
dry; basal cells, at least the inner ones, hyaline; costa
not excurrent. Dioecious, rarely fruiting.

DB. Peristome cancellate at base, divided above in
filiform, more or less cohering branches.

V. Cinclidotece. Leaves without lamelle, often
smooth; borders thick. Dioecious.

120. Dialytrichia. Capsule terminal on the stem;
pedicel long; teeth faintly twisted. Leaves papillose, obtuse.

121. Cinclidotus. Capsule placed on small lateral
branches, often nearly immersed; pedicel short; teeth not
or searcely twisted. Leaves generally smooth, often acute.

Fam. 25. Calymperaces.

192. Calymperes. Capsule oval; pedicel short.
Leaves not sheathing, suboblong, entire and convolute,
rigid when dry, often with propagula; basal cells, at least
the inner ones, hyaline. Dioecious. Habit of Syrrhopodon.

Fam. 26. Encalyptacez. :
193. Encalypta. Leaves very papillose above. Peri-
stome variable or wanting.
124. Merceya. Leaves smooth or p intinincug papil-
lose. Capsules unknown. |

Fam. 2 ornate.
1. Orthotrichee. Capsule terminal, often immersed;
peristome generally double; segments usually ciliiform;
calyptra mitriform. Leaves usually papillose, often crisped ;
inner cells not seriate; alar cells sometimes subquadrate; |
costa not excurrent. Stem generally erect and sparingly
branching, seldom decumbent. Tufts often pulvinate. |
195. Orthotrichum. Calyptra denn. pnto s and AE:

.

3 hiwy.
IL Macromitriee. Capsule lateral, not FONDO

ing; —€— numerous. BEC

calyptra subeampanulate. Leaves indistinctly papillose; o.
cells obliquely seriate, the alar not enat ‘Stem Mo E d

34

126. Macromitrium. Capsule plicate; teeth rudi
mentary or wanting; calyptra plicate. Leaves seldom
erisped when dry; costa not excurrent. :

127. Schlotheimia. Capsule not plicate; peristome -
double or wanting; calyptra generally not plicate. Leaves. 4
slightly crisped; costa excurrent to a thick point.

Ill. Zygodontece. Capsule terminal or lateral; ca-
lyptra cucullate, not plicate, glabrous. Leaves papillose, -
often crisped; costa sometimes excurrent. Stem erect. -

128. Zygodon. Capsule terminal, striate; peristom
double or wanting. - io

129. Anoectangium. Capsule lateral, not striate
peristome none. ;

Fam. 28. Meeseacez.
I. Meeseece. Capsule asymmetric, terminal; peri
stome double.
. A. Leaves mamillose Peristomial teeth long. :
130. Paludella. Leaves sheathing, deflexed whe
moist. :
B. Leaves not mamillose. Peristomial teeth (exe
Plagiobrgum Zierii) shorter than the endostome.
| a. Upper leaf-cells small, oe Stem most]:
Cae.) Se
- 481. Masas Pedicel of the capsule long. Leaves
not appressed when: dry. $
b. Opper leaf-cells large, rhombic-polygonal. Stem
low. -
i: 332. Amhipinien- Calyptra. inflate. Male flowers
with elaviform paraphyses. Pedicel of the capsule long.
Leaves not appressed when dry. T
133. Plagiobryum. Calyptra not inflate. Para-
physes filiform. Pedicel of the eee short. | Leav s
appressed when dry. er
iL. Mieljehdioferieas.: "Diei scan aoe
lateral; exostome or -endostome mostly rudimentary.
ec PPAR. Leaves very endi imb

a 35

and appressed, not mamillose; cells subrectangular, the
lower ones larger and subquadrate. Habit of Bryum fili-
` forme. Dioecious.

Hf. Orthodontiee. Capsule symmetric, terminal,
with a long and narrow neck; endostomial segments cilii-
form without distinct basilar membrane; teeth much longer.

135. Orthodontium. Leaves pest. cells sub:
rectangular. Stem low.

Fam. 29. Cinclidiacez (new fam).

136. Cinclidium. Peristomial teeth short. Leaves
large and broad; cells large, round-hexagonal, often red.

Fam. 30. Bartramiacez.

I. Bartramiec. Capsule (when operculate) sub-
globose; teeth not united above; lid not rostrate. Leaves
not appressed when moist, generally papillose (in Bart-
ramia QOederi, Anacolia Menziesii, Catoscopium and
Bartramidula smooth).

A. Capsule striate; segments usually present.

137. Breutelia. Leaves plicate, sheathing, squarrose,
not recurved; cells rectangular, Male flowers discoid.
Dioecious.

138. Bartramia. Leaves ñol plicate, often sheath-
ing, not rarely recurved, long and uniform; cells rectan-
gular (or the uppermost quadrate), the lower not more
dilated. Monoecious or synoecious. . Male flowers gemmi-
form. ae
139. Philonotis. Leaves sometimes plicate at the -
base, not sheathing, often recurved, mostly diversiform;
cells rectangular, the lower more dilated. Monoecious or
dioecious. Male flowers discoid or gemmiform.

B. Capsule not striate; segments wanting. | |

a. Capsule without Suns neck. Leaves serrulate. .

dep of Philonotis.

iude Sandi: hedi of the capsule sublateral, "1 dme :
ot or slightly curved. -Peristomial teeth sometimes. "e boy d

36

sent. Leaves recurved, plicate below. Dioecious. Ma
flowers gemmiform.
141. Bartramidula. Pedicel of the capsule termi-
nal, curved. Peristome none. Leaves neither recurved :
nor plicate. Synoecious.
b. Capsule with distinct neck. Leaves entire.
142. Catoscopium. Capsule terminal, very small;
teeth present; pedicel straight. Leaves not plicate. Dioe-
cious. :
ll. Conostomee. Capsule suboval; teeth united —
above; lid rostrate. Leaves appressed also when moist, —
very rigid. i
143. uolo. Leaves 5-farious, not sheathing, -
nearly smooth, very short. Capsule striate; endostome
wanting. Tufts glaucous green. Dioecious.

Fam. 31. Funariacez.

I. Funariee. Leaves costate. Prothallium not
persistent.
144. Funaria. Capsule exserted, often asymme-
tric; peristome double or simple; calyptra cucullate. E
145. Physcomitrium. Capsule symmetric, mostly
exserted; peristome wanting or (in one species) simple;
ealyptra mitriform, plurilobate at base. ;
146. | Pyramidula. Capsule symmetric, slightly.
exserted; peristome wanting; calyptra tetragonal, contracted |
below the capsule. Plants very small. T.
IL Disceliece. Leaves nerveless. Prothallium pt |
. Sistent.
447. Bieehua Capsule asymmetric, sobglukal

long-exserted; peristome simple. Stem nearly indistinct
Leaves very small. dei

NA AR. Beyecem 09

cr. Stem. “troesike, regularly branching MR

Wu L icolepidec. Leaves ‘Smooth. Capsule te
minal, — 4 o lo PS

81

148. Leucolepis. Stem-leaves (principally above)
with elongate cells; branch-leaves with round-polygonal,
small cells. Capsule symmetrie; endostome orange; cilia
not appendieulate. Habit of Thamnium.

B. Stem not tree-like.

a. Capsule lateral.

Il. Rhizogoniece. Capsule asymmetric and curved,

149. Rhizogonium. Leaves smooth, setiform; upper
cells small and rotundate, the basal ones subquadrate.

b. Capsule terminal.

aa. Leaves sheathing; upper cells usually papillose.

Ill. Zimmiec. Capsule symmetric. Leaf-cells small,
round-hexagonal.

150. Timmia. Capsule not striate. Habit of Poly-
trichum.

bb. Leaves not sheathing, smooth or (in some species
of Aulacomnium) papillose above.

IV. Aulacomniec. Leaves usually papillose; cells
small, generally rotundate. Capsule ae asymmetric,
usually striate when dry. ——

151. Aulacomnium. Stem often with pseudopodia
(sterile gemmiform shoots).

V. Mniece. Leaves smooth; cells polygonal, mostly
. large. Capsules generally symmetric, not striate, often
clustered Subterranean stem generally rhizomatic, often
stoloniferous. Lowest leaves mostly squamiform. Tufts
generally loose.

152. Mnium. Capsules symmetric, often clustered ;

1 endostome orange; cilia not or indistinctly appendiculate.

Leaves serrate or entire; cells nearly uniform, generally

us tound-hexagonal, in one species suboval-oblong. . Para-

.— Pphyses claviform. |
7 153. Roellia (new genus). chews nues, soli-
~ tary; endostome hyaline; cilia not appendiculate. Leaves

a serrate; cells diversiform, mostly vote doen or n a: : s

uppermost oblong-oval.

38

tric, often clustered; endostome orange; cilia long-appen-
diculate. Leaves serrate; cells diversiform, mostly narro
the lower long-rectangular, the uppermost oblong-oval or
hexagonal. Paraphyses filiform.

VI. Bryee. Leaves smooth; cells yolegéniiti mostly
not large. Capsule solitary, not striate. Stem neither
rhizomatie nor stoloniferous. Lower leaves not squami-
form. Tufts generally dense.

155. Bryum. Capsule symmetric or (less often)
asymmetric; endostome generally pale or pale-yellow; —
cilia often appendiculate. Leaves often entire; cells diversi- -
form, the lower (or all) more or less elongate, the upper
seldom round-hexagonal. Paraphyses filiform. (3

156. Leptotheca. Capsule symmetric; teeth very |
long and narrow. | |

Fam. 33. Buxbaumiacez.

157. Buxbaumia. Capsule pedicellate ; peristome ;
double. Leaves nerveless, nearly indistinct.
158. Diphyscium. Capsule immersed; exostome
none. Leaves costate, diversiform; the perichetial large.

Fam. 34. Andresacez.

159. Andreca. Leaves usually blackish or brow- .
nish when dry. Tufts loosely cohering. Growing on rocks
sometimes in running water.

Fam. 35. Bruchiacez.

I. Bruchiece. Stem distinct. Leaves costate, [;ámodfl :

or (sometimes in Bruchia) obsoletely papillose.
A. Capsule pedicellate, neck often distinct. Spores
0,0?—0,4 mm. Prothallium seldom persistent. - 5
160. Bruchia. Capsule often exserted ; columella
persistent. Calyptra mostly campanulate, sometimes sph
at one side. Leaves usually crowded. E.
161. Pleuridium. Capsule usually immersed, dil
ovoid; columella usually pusistést - Vates ots sl
eucullate. - Leaves’ mE Spb:

39

B. Capsule not pedicellate, without neck. Spores
very large, 0,1- 0, mm. Prothallium not persistent.

162. Archidium. Capsule globose; columella wan-
ting. Calyptra rudimentary or ieres splitting. Leaves
often distant.

IL. Ephemerec. Stem wanting or indistinct. Leaves
often nerveless, smooth or (seldom) papillose-spinulose.

. Capsule globose without neck, immersed. Prothallium
persistent. Plants minute.
= A. Leaves smooth.

163. Ephemerum. Capsule not or indistinctly pedi-
cellate; columella rudimentary or complete, more or less
fugacious. Calyptra campanulate or (in one species) sub-
cucullate. Leaves often nerveless. Spores 0,02 —0,os mm.
Prothallium abundant. Dioecious.

164. Nanomitrium. Capsule not pedicellate, colu-
mella wanting. Calyptra campanulate-mitriform, very small.
Leaves nerveless. Spores about 0,os mm. Prothallium .

not abundant. Paroecious.
B. Leaves papillose-spinulose -on both sides and on
the costa.
165. Ephemeridium (new genus). Capsule indi-
. stinetly pedicellate; columella wanting. Caiyptra campanu-
late, somewhat large. Spores 0,» mm or larger. Pro-
thallium not abundant. Dioecious. |

i Fam. 36. Voitiaces. — |
166. Voitia. Capsule oval-oblong or globose.

Fam. 37. Physcomitrellacez.
eee 167, Physcomitrella. Capsule | subglobose, irregu-
larly splitting. Calyptra split or faintly crenulate at base,
Scarcely covering the point of the capsule. | :
| 168. Aphanorhegma. | Capsule globose or a ce

Oveting more than: the » puis int of the ca n o

egularly and horizontally splitting. 5 Calyptra | lobulate, te, aoe

generally reflexed at the borders, seldom involute; e
usually. excurrent,

= 5 On bartromiditas euis Troci r
~ bryum, Geheebia, Orthodontium.

Species

of

European and Northameriean
bryines (Mosses)

synoptieally deseribed

by

N. Conr. Kindberg.

Part 1.

Pleuroearpous

ooe

Iinköping,
Linköpings Lithografiska Aktiebolag
1896.

Preface.

Since the publication of Schimpers Synopsis muscorum euro-
peorum (1876) and Manual of the mosses of N. America by
Lesquereux and James (1884), the bryology is enriched by many
new species. Also several very important bryological manuals,
viz. by. Boulay, Braithwaite, Husnot and Limpricht, have contri-
contributed to a more complete knowledge of the mosses.

The present treatise is an essay to revise and compare all
hitherto known species and subspecies of Bryinez, found in Eu-
rope and N. America. Excluded species are regarded as varieties
or not sufficiently known.

I believe that the greatest importance is to attache to the natural
affinity of such species as could be joined to common types
(subgenera or groups) Affinity is not to be defined through a
few artificial characters, stated »a priori». It needs therefore
to select characters, peculiar and constant to each genus. Some
characters are in some genera variable, but in others constant.

I have therefore not described selected specimens in all their
parts but generally omitted such characters, as evidently
are too variable. When some species are critical or hitherto
not well-known, I have tried to propose all their necessary di-
stinctive characters.

To facilitate the determination of sterile specimens, so often
occurring, I have accurately described the areolation of the lea-
ves and the common habit of the vegetals.

My descriptions are not transscribed from other authors but
based on my own microscopical researches and studies in nature.
I have therefore in Europe visited northern and southern districts
and their different regions up to the glaciers and the perennial
snow, also augmented my collections through contributions by
many correspondents. The geographic distribution and the sta-
tions of N. American mosses are accurately observed principally
by Prof. J. Macoun, D:r J. Roell and the Rev:d A. C. Waghorne,
also (in Greenland) by Prof. S. Berggren. |

In some few cases, when I not have had occasion to exa
mine specimens of a very rare species, I must cite the descri
tions of their authors or describe the species following good
drawings, viz. Icones muscorum by Sullivant. |

About 1600 species and 340 subspecies are described in m
manuscript.

Common to Europe and N. America about 620 species.

Peculiar to N. America; &iex M... esos. 635 »

Peu o Boe. ne oorr rens 345 »

.1600 species.
In America are found about 1255 species, in Europe 965.
Linkeeping, Sweden dec. 1896.

The author.

As the continuation of this treatise, ready as manuscript,
depends upon a sufficient number of subscribers (at least 50),
the honored subscribers are requested to inform my publishers
of their wishes, namely

Messrs P. M. Sahlstrem & C:o,
Linkeping, Sweden.

Prize: 8 swedish crowns or »kronor» (— 9 shillings, 9 reic
márk, 11 francs) for the first part, Pleurocarpous; for the whole
work 20 swed. crowns.

The subscribers shall obtain also my Genera of european and.
northamerican Bryinew, synoptically disposed».

The whole edition comprises only 200 copies. All can be
printed before the fine of next year.

ec

Abbreviations: «s. usually; gen. generally; princ. principally; r. rarely;
Can. Canada; Eur. Europe.

Fam. 1. Crypheacee.

1. Hedwigia Ehrhart.

I. Eu-Hedwigia. Capsule immersed. Leaves us. denticu-
late at acumen. Stem r. flagelliferous. Tufts us. glaucous green.

II. Braunia. Capsule exserted. Leaves entire, Stem often
flagelliferous. Tufts brown. Perichetial leaves. not ciliate.

I. Eu-Hedwigia.
i 1. H. albicans Weber. — Fontinalis Web.; Hedwigia Lind-
ere. |:

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, distinctly
papillose, hyaline at the denticulate, us. prolonged acumen, re-
curved below; upper cells us. suboblong, sinuous at the walls.
Perichetial leaves long-ciliate. Capsule piriform, wholly immersed.
Stem not flagelliferous. — On stone, common (r. in northern
alps). Eur.*) Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerland! Amer.
Canada: Macoun. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. man.

* H. subnuda Kindberg catal. Canad. musci.

Leaves green, broad-ovate, indistinctly hyaline at the short and
nearly entire acumen, recurved nearly all around; upper cells
subquadrate. — Rocks r. Amer. Canada: Macoun. !

2. H. imberbis Esenbeck et Hornschuch. — Schistidium Es.
et Hsch.; Hedwigia Spruce. E

Leaves subovate, faintly papillose, entire, not hyaline, recur-
ved; upper cells suboblong, sinuous. Perichetial leaves not ciliate.
Capsule round-oval, subemergent. Stem often flagelliferous; leaves
of the flagelle hyaline at apex. — Rocks r. Eur. France!

IL Braunia Schimper.

3. H.alopecura Bridel. — Leucodon Brid.; Hedwigia Kindb.

_Leaves ovate, faintly papillose, not hyaline, striate; cells less
distinctly sinuous, the upper quadrate, the inner basal rectan-
gular. Capsule oblong without neck; pedicel short. — Stones r.;

ur, Austria: Venturi. :

4. H. californica Lesq. — Braunia Lesq., Sull. icon. m.,
Hedwigia Kindb. yr ; ;

*) The mark! indicates, that the author is the collector; the cited col-
lectors have contributed to my collections,

oe

Leaves distinctly papillose, from subovate base tapering
the hyaline and often long acumen, not striate; inner cells irre- 2
gular, oval or angulate, sometimes sinuous; inner basal cells |
subrectangular. Capsule piriform, short-necked; pedicel long. — -
Rocks r. Amer. Pacific district. Canada: Macoun. U. S.: Hen
derson, com. Cardot.

2. Leueodon Schwægrichen. 2
A. Pedicel of the capsule long-exserted. Leaves gen. entire
and not distinctly decurrent. 1
l. L. seiuroides L. — Hypnum L.; Leucodon Schwsegr. -
Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, short-acumi--
nate and acute, plicate or striate, open when moist; upper cells -
oblong, the others narrow. Perichetial leaves short-acuminate.
Capsule suboblong; teeth split; endostome indistinct; lid conic
acute. — On trees, less often on rocks. Eur. common. Sweden
Norway, Germany, Switzerland, Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun
* L. morensis Schwegrichen. ;
Leaves shorter, subovate, less striate; the perichetial longer
acuminate. Capsule cylindric, slightly curved; endostome rudi
mentary; lid rostellate. —- Eur., southern districts, often frequent
Greece: Haussknecht. Italy: Arcangeli; E, Adlerz. France: Husno
Spain: Dieck, com. Roell.
B. Pedicel of the capsule immersed or short-exserted. Leave
often denticulate or sinuolate at acumen, sometimes decurren
2. L. brachypus Bridel. — Sullivant icon. muscor. s
Leaves (as in L. sciuroides) ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-
lanceolate, short-acuminate, more or less striate-plicate, decur-
rent; inner basal cells narrow. Capsule oval, partly immersed
teeth us. entire; lid rostrate. Branches often nearly simple. —
Trees. Amer. U. S. not r.: Austin, com. Macoun; Canada!
(sterile specimens) Macoun.
3. L. julaceus L.; Sull. 1. c. — Hypnum L.; Leucodon Sull
Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, broad-ovate with very
short acumen, not striate, less decurrent, nearly spreading wher
moist. Capsule round-oval; teeth slightly split above; pedice
sometimes exserted, often curved or flexuous. Branches ramose
— Trees, Amer. U, S, northeastern slope: Sullivant, com. €
Mueller; Fitzgerald ete., com. Renauld and Cardot.

3. Forsstremia Lindberg.

A. Leaves entire or faintly sinuolate aboy. arada pellacid
Peristome whitish. pit E

x I

1. F. trichomitria Hedw. — Pterigynandrum H.; Forsstroe-
mia Lindb.; Leptodon Mohr; Sulliv. ic. muse.

Leaves gen. ovate-oblong, short-aeuminate, often faintly stri-
ate, sinuolate at acumen; middle cells oblong-lanceolate; costa
indistinct.. Capsule oblong or subcylindrie, exserted; lid rostrate;
pedicel not or partly exserted. — On trees, r. on rocks. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com.
Macoun.

2. F.immersa Mohr. — Leptodon Mohr; Forsstrcemia Kindb.

Differs from the last: Branches shorter; leaves subovate; cap-
sule smaller, oval and nearly immersed. — Amer. U. S.r.: Sulli-
vant, com. C. Mueller.

39. F. floridana Lindb. — Leptodon Lindb.; Forsstroemia
Kindb.

Differs from F. trichomitria: »Leaves broader, ovate, abruptly
acuminate; cells larger and broader; capsule half as large; pe-
dicel longer, not diverging from the stem»: Lindb.-— Amer. r.
»U. S.»: Lindberg (not seen).

4. F. ohioénsis Lindb. — Leptodon Sull. icon. musc.

Leaves broad-ovate, abruptly narrowed to a very short, faintly
sinuolate acumen, not striate; middle cells oval-oblong; costa
thick. Capsule suboval, exserted; lid short-apiculate; pedicel
partly emergent. — Trees. Amer. U. S. r.: Sullivant, com. C. M.
- .JB. Leaves (at least the younger ones) denticulate above;

cells very chlorophyllose, not pellucid. Capsule red-raouthed;
teeth brown or red.

5. F. nitida Lindb. — Leptodon Sull. l. c.
~ Leaves ovate or broadly ovate-oblong, short-acuminate acute,
. faintly or not striate; middle cells suboblong, the alar ones often
more dilated; costa very short or vanishing near the middle.
Capsule suboval or subglobose, immersed or partly emergent;
teeth pale brown; lid apiculate. — Trees. r. Amer. Canada:

un. E

: e F. Ravenelii Austin. — Cryphæa Aust; Forsstrcemia
: indb.

»Leaves round-ovate obtuse; areolation uniform; costa reaching
~ above the middle. Capsule oval, immersed ; teeth red; lid acute»:

: . et Jam. -— Amer, »U. S. r.: Ravenel»: Lesq. et Jam.

i A .4.. Cryphæa Mohr.

A. Leaves entire; costa abbreviate.
.&. Leaves small; the inner perichetial truncate or obtuse.
1. C. glomerata Br. eur; Sulliv. icon. musc.

— WP ou

Leaves ovate, subacute, sometimes short-acuminate, nearl
spreading when moist; upper cells narrow, the middle suboval
costa reaching to the middle or shorter. Perichetial leaves su
oblong; costa broad, long-excurrent. Capsule ovate-oblong; tee
whitish, much surpassing the endostomial segments; calyptra
cucullate, scabrous at apex. — Trees r. Amer. U. S.: com. Cardot.

2. €. pendula Lesquereux et James. E:

Differs from the last: Leaves broad-ovate; upper cells rhom-
bic-oval, the inner basal linear; costa often reaching above the-
middle. Perichetial leaves broader, suboval, the outer acuminate
with abbreviate costa, the inner ones obtuse with long-excur-
rent costa. »Lid of the capsule conic obtuse; calyptra conie,
entire, hispid to below the middle. Branchlets sometimes filiform -
and flagellate»: Lesq. et Jam. man. — Trees (on Tillandsia); -
Amer. U. S. r.: Ravenel, herb. James, com. C. Mueller.

b. Leaves somewhat large, the perichetial acuminate or acute
L 3. €. arborea Hudson. — Sphagnum Huds.; Cryphea Lind-

erg.

Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, gen. acute, sometimes short:
acuminate, recurved, patent when moist: upper cells rhombic
the basal (at the insertion) orange; costa reaching above th
middle. Perichetial leaves narrower, entire; costa gen. long-
excurrent. Capsule oblong, red-mouthed: teeth yellow below,
pale above; endostomial segments nearly as high; lid rostellate
calyptra mitriform, scabrous. — On trees, r. on rocks. Hur.
England: Rogers. France: Le Jolis; Berthoumieu. Italy: Ar
cangeli.

4. C. Lamyi Montagne; Husnot; Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from the last: Leaves broad-ovate, subobtuse, slightly
recurved; lower basal cells hyaline. Peiichetial leaves denticu-
late. Capsule shorter, oval; lid apiculate; calyptra cucullate.
Inundated rocks and trees r. Eur, Portugal: I. Newton, com.
Brotherus. ORE

com. Cardot.

su. DE na

5. Antitrichia Bridel.

A. Upper leaf-cells narrow. Pedicel of capsule elongate.

1. A. curtipendula L. — Hypnum L.; Antitrichia Brid.

Leaves striate, from ovate base abruptly acuminate or ovate-
lanceolate, narrowly reflexed to the denticulate acumen; nerves
3, the median reaching into acumen. Perichetial leaves serrulate
at acumen. Capsule oblong; lid apiculate; pedicel curved or
flexuous. Perigonial leaves very short. Stem pinnate. — Rocks
and trees. Hur. gen. common, Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. r.
Can.: Macoun.

2. A. gigantea (Sull. et Lq. as var.) Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895.

Leaves larger, not striate, broadly ovate-lanceolate, broadly
recurved to the nearly entire or minutely denticulate acumen;
nerves gen. 5, the median vanishing far below acumen. Periche-
tial leaves entire. Capsule oblong-cylindric; pedicel straight.
— Am-r. not r. in Pacif. distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.:
J. Macoun. U. S. Oregon: J. A. Hertzman, eom. E. Nyman.

9. A. tenella Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Differs from A. curtipendula: Leaves smaller, not striate,
ovate aeute, recurved all around, denticulate at apex; cells gen.
shorter; median nerve more abbreviate. Perigonial leaves longer.
Stem irregularly divided with numerous very short branches.
Only male plants found. — Rocksr. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.

B. Upper leaf-cells oval-oblong. Pedicel short-emergent.

4. A. pseudo-californica Kindb. check-list of Eur. and
N. Amer. mosses. — Neckera californica Hooker et Arnott;
Alsia Sull.

Leaves ovate obtuse or short-acuminate acute, not striate,
nearly entire; nerves 3, the median reaching gen. to middle.
Perichetial leaves long-acummate. Capsule cylindric-oval; lid
rostrate; pedicel straight. Stem pinnate with very short bran-
ches. — Amer. Pacif. distr. U. S.: Miss Mann, com. Cardot.

Fam. 2. Anomodontacea.
6. Anomodon Hooker et Taylor.
I. Eu-Anomodon. Leaves distinctly papillose, r. recurved,
not r. large, often crisped when dry. Secondary stems often erect.
IL. Leskeella. Leaves nearly smooth, small, us. recurved,
gen. appressed when dry. Stem us. creeping.
I. Eu-Anomodon. : 3
A. Leaves large very broad at base, not subulate, crisped; bor-

ders undulate not recurved; inner basal cells sublinear pellucid,
2

E ue

other cells rotundate-quadrate opake. Branches thick uniform dm
irregularly divided, not flagelliferous.
l.A.vitieulosus L. — Hypnum L.; Anomodon: Hook. et T.
Leaves from ovate base tapering to an obtuse or subacute .
acumen, quite entire. Perichetial leaves with narrower, acute -
or subfiliform acumen. Capsule large subeylindrie; teeth twice -
longer than endostome; lid rostellate; pedicel yellow. — Stone
and trees. Eur. nearly common. Sweden, Norway, Germany,
Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
2.A.apiculatus Br. eur.; Sull. ic. m. — Hypnum Rugelii C. M.
Leaves from broad-ovate or cordate subfimbriate base abruptly —
contracted to a narrow sublinear obtuse or apiculate acumen. —
Perichetial leaves with sublinear obtuse acumen. Capsule —
large subcylindric; segments very short or. rudimentary; lid 2
apiculate; pedicel red. — Rocks and trees r. Hur. Sweden .
1859! Norway 1862! Amer. Can: Macoun. |
3.A.platyphyllus Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1893. a
Leaves short very broad, ovate or ovate-oblong or from cor- :
date strongly papillose base slightly contracted to a lingulate —
blunt acumen, Perichetial leaves with subdentate strongly —
papillose base and narrow lingulate acumen, Capsule &mall T.
ovaloblong; segments rudimentary; lid short-conic not apiculate;
pedicel yellow very much shorter than in the last. -— Treesr. -
Amer. Can: Macoun.
B. Leaves gen. small and appressed or suberect when dry. -
Branches not thick. E
a. Leaves very broad at base, not subulate-acuminate.
4.A.minor Beauvois. — Neckera B.; Anomodon Fuernrohr; A.
obtusifolius Bruch et Sch.; Sull. ic. m. "

dulate not recurved; cells round-quadrate opake except the few .
sublinear at base. Perichetial leaves with narrow lingulate |
acumen. Capsule small suboval; segments short or rudimen- E
tary; lid rostrate or rostellate; pedicel yellow not long. Plants —
glaucous green. — Trees. Amer. Can. r.: Macoun. U. S.
Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; com. Roell and Cardot. E
5.A.attenuatus Schreber, — Hypnum Schreb.; Anomodon |
Huebener, ; E.

Leaves from subovate base abruptly tapering to a shorter,
gen. subacute denticulate acumen; borders not recurved; cells
as in the last. Perichetial leaves -with sublinear-subulate acu-

oe 48 ce

men. Capsule small cylindric; segments often long; lid rostrate;
pedicel red. Branches long not compressed, often curved when
dry; branchlets often flagellate, their leaves narrow often subu-
late. Tufts intricate, R. fruiting. — Rocks and trees not un-
common. Hur. Sweden, France, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.:
Macoun. U. S.: Purpus, com. Roell.

6.A.californieus Lesquereux.

»Leaves broadly ovate acute, very papillose and fimbriate at
the auricled base, decurrent; borders recurved; upper cells ovate-
quadrate. Capsules unknown. — Amer. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
h. Leaves subulate-acuminate entire. Tufts intricate. Branchlets
often flagelliform.
7.A.longifolius Schleicher; Pterogonium Schl.; Anomodon Bruch.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually acuminate, long-decurrent,
not recurved; cells round-quadrate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule
cylindric; teeth twice longer than endostome; lid apiculate.
Tufts pale green. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks and trees below
alps gen. r. Eur. Sweden not r., Switzerl.!
8.A.rostratus Hedwig. — Leskea H.; Anomodon Schimper.

Leaves from subovate base abruptly acuminate often with
hyaline hairpoint; borders recurved gen, to acumen; cells as in
the last; costa reaching to acumen or shorter, Capsule oval-
oblong; teeth about twice longer than endostome; lid rostrate
or rostellate. Tufts us. pale green above and rusty red below,
I. wholly dark green. — Rocks and trees. ur. r. Switzerl.!
Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell; Sullivant,
com. C. Mueller.

IL Leskeella Limpricht, in part.
A. Costa of leaves short, in the perichetial obsolete.
9.A.tectorum Al. Braun. — Pterogonium Braun; Anomodon
Kindb.; Pseudoleskea Schimper. i

Leaves with ovate base and gen. short (sometimes long fal-
cate) acumen, acute, recurved below; middle cells oval-oblong;
costa vanishing far below acumen, sometimes forking. Capsule
cylindric; teeth yellow; segments long without basal membrane;
lid rostellate; pedicel short. Stem pinnate creeping, julaceous
When dry. Leaves sometimes smaller than in A. ne? vosus.
Very r.- fruiting, — On roofs and rocks, r. on walls or trees,
gen. r. Eur. Norway! Germany: Roell... Amer. »Greenl.»:
X Berggren,

: 10.A.subrigidulus Kindb. n. sp. a!

Differs from the last: Leaves more distinctly recurved to the
Short acumen; middle cells round-oval; costa gen. reaching to

zu HUF ee

acumen. Stem irregularly divided not creeping. Capsule and
lid as in the last; peristome not seen. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. -
Labrador: Waghorne.

B. Costa of leaves long, also in the perichetial.
ll.A-nervosus Bridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid.; Anomodon
Huebener; Leskea Myrin.

Leaves from short subovate base abruptly tapering to a long
subulate filiform-pointed acumen, recurved to it; middle cells
round-oval; costa subpercurrent or long-excurrent. Perichetial
leaves entire long-acuminate. Capsule oblong cylindric; teeth
orange; segments short or rudimentary with indistinct basal -
membrane; lid rostellate; pedicel short. Stem creeping; bran-
ches pinnate subjulaceous. R. fruiting. — Rocks and trees.
Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can. less r:
Macoun; Waghorne.
12.A.heteroideus C. M. et Kindb. catal. Canadian musci.

Leaves gradually acuminate without filiform point, not re-
curved to acumen; middle cells roundish; costa not percurrent, -
shorter and fainter than in the last. Perichetial leaves denti-
culate or sinuolate. Capsules unknown. Branches not distinctly
julaceous; branchlets flagelliform with very small nerveless leaves.
— Rocks and trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. ae
13.A.Moseri Kindb. — Leskea note on Can. bryol. 1893.

Leaves as in A. nervosus but smaller; cells more rotundate. |
Perichetial leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, obtusate or short-acu-
minate, dentieulate at least above middle. Capsule lanceolate-
cylindric small-mouthed; teeth pale; segments as high with di-
stinct basal membrane; lid apiculate; pedicel twice longer than |
in A. nervosus. — On earth r. Eur. Can.: J. Moser, com
Macoun.
14.A.rupestris Berggren. — Leskea Bgr.; Anomodon Kindb.
»Leskea nervosa»; Milde and Limpricht.

Leaves smaller than in A. mervosus, narrowly ovate-oblong |
or ovate-lanceolate, shorter acuminate, not recurved; cells oblong; |
costa not much prolonged into acumen. Tufts brownish or
olivaceous. Capsules unknown. — Rocks in alp. region r. Eur. -
Norway!
15.A.rigidulus Kindb. Laubm. Schw. u. Norw. — »Leskea
nervosa»: Limpricht. | z

Leaves much shorter than in A. nervosus, broadly recurved
all around; middle cells rotundate; costa percurrent. Stem-lea:
ves round-ovate obtuse; branch-leaves ovate-oblong gen. obtusate

in IB wm

acute, r. short-acuminate. Stem irregularly divided not creeping;
branches quite julaceous. Capsules unknown. — Rocks in alp.
region r. Hur. Norway near Kongswoldl

7. Lindbergia Kindberg, new genus.
1.L.brachyptera Mitten. — Pterogonium Mitt.

Leaves from broad-oval base contracted to a subulate acumen,
slightly reflexed below, faintly dentieulate only at acumen,
strongly papillose, subclaviculiform (as in Heterocladiwm) and
spreading when moist, nearly appressed when dry; upper cells
rotundate, middle suboval, angular very numerous; costa reaching
above middle. Capsule erect suboblong pale; teeth short yellow,
connate at base; lid conic; pedicel yellow-red. — Old logs r.
Amer. Can. Ontario: Macoun.

Fam. 3. Fabroniacee.
8. Fabronia Raddi.
A. Leaves dentate-ciliate or fimbriate; upper and middle cells
oval-oblong; costa short or indistinct. Capsule with low convex
often mamillate lid. Calyptra us. broad.
1.F.octoblepharis Schleicher. — Pterogonium Schl.; Fabronia
Schweegrichen.

Leaves gen. ovate-oblong and not fimbriate with subulate-
filiform point; costa often distinct. Perichetial leaves serrate
above. Capsule obovate or suboblong; teeth brownish us. con-
nate in pairs; calyptra broad. — Rocks and stonewalls. Hur.
South. distr, somewhat r. Switzerl.! Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lq. et Jam.
*F.pusilla Raddi.

Leaves us. narrower, gen. ovate-lanceolate fimbriate with lon-
ger and filiform hyaline point; costa often indistinct. Periche-
tial leaves sharply serrate also below. Capsule often subglobose;
teeth yellowish often finally free. — Princ. on trees, r. on rocks.
Eur. not r. in south. distr. Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
2.F.gymnostoma Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. ic. m.

Leaves gen. costate and ciliate; perichetial irregularly dentate.
Capsule obovate; peristome wanting; calyptra narrow. Not
much differing from F. octoblepharis in barren state. — Amer.
r. U. S.: Wright, com. C. Mueller; Fendler, com. Renauld.

Leaves serrulate with small not ciliiform teeth; upper and
middle cells narrow; costa us. distinct. ;
a. Leaves short-costate. Capsule with conic lid; calyptra narrow.
3.F.Wrightii Sullivant icon. muscor. vai

Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually tapering to an often long

-

zd =

filiform point. Perichetial leaves denticulate all around. Cap-
sule piriform; teeth orange gen. not connate. Branches some-
what thicker than in F, octoblepharis. — Amer. r. U. S.
Wright, com. C. Mueller.

4.F.Ravenelii Sullivant icon. muscor.

Leaves ovate-oblong, broader than in the last with smaller
teeth and less gradually tapering to the often short point.
Perichetial leaves entire below, faintly serrulate above. Capsule
subcylindrie or narrowly piriform; teeth brownish not connate.
Branches thickish often curved and subjulaceous when dry. .
Habit of Pterygynandrum, — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U.
S.: Fitzgerald, com. Cardot.

b. Leaves long-costate. Stem with flagelliform shoots. Capsu-
les unknown.
5.F.Sendtneri Schimper.

»Leaves ovate-lanceolate; costa vanishing below acumen»: |

Limpricht. — Rotten logs r. Eur. »Istria: Sendtner»; Schimper.

9. Clasmatedon Hooker et Wilson. ;
1.C.parvulus Hampe. — Leskea Hampe; Clasmatodon Sulliv. |
ic. musc.; Anisodon Bertrami Schimper.

Leaves ovate acute sometimes short-acuminate, minutely
serrulate above middle; upper cells oblong, lower inner oblong-
lanceolate; costa reaching to middle. Perichetial leaves.abruptly |
narrowed to a long sublinear denticulate acumen. Capsule -
oval-oblong; teeth yellow; lid conic; pedicel more or less elongate. |
— Trees. Amer. U. S. less r.: com. Macoun, Levier and Cardot.
Eur. »Germany: Bertram»: C. M.

2.C.rupestris (Sull. e& Lq. as var.) Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895.
Leaves broad-ovate obtuse entire; upper cells rhombic-oval, -
lower suboblong; costa vanishing below middle. Perichetial
leaves gradually narrowed to the entire acumen. Capsule
round-oval; teeth orange; lid low convex; pedicel short. — Rocks -
r. Amer. U. 8.: com. Macoun.
10. Habrodon Schimper.
1.H.perpusillus Notaris. — Pterogonium Not.; Habrodon Lindb.
Leaves ovate-oblong acute short-acuminate with gen. short |
filiform point, entire or at acumen faintly sinuolate; upper
cells rhombic, middle oval-oblong, lower inner oblong-lanceolate.
Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth hyaline distant without basal
membrane; lid conic. Very r. fruiting. — Trees r. Eur. Italy,
Switzerl.! Amer, »U. 8.5; Sulliv. ts

us MER uum

11. Anacamptodon Bridel.
1.A.splachnoides Froehlich. — Orthotrichum Fr.; Anacampto-
don Brid.

Leaves entire ovate-oblong short-subulate; inner cells suboblong;
costa vanishing near middle. Capsule suboblong or oval with
Short neck; teeth dark purplish united in pairs, much longer
than segments; lid rostellate; pedicel long thick reddish. Mo-
noecious. -— Rotten branches of trees r. Hur. France: Schimper;
Husnot; Berthoumieu. Amer. »U. S.»: C. M,

Fam. 4. Pterobryacee.

(Endotrichaccee Kindb. in »Genera of Eur. and N. Amer.
Bryinez».)

12. Pterobryum Hornschuch.
l.P.eymbifolium Sullivant. — Pilotrichum Sull. ic. m.; Ptero-
bryum Mitten.

Leaves coneave from ovate-oblong base gradually short-acu-
minate, not recurved; lower basal cells orange, alar very nu-
merous; costa reaching to acumen. Perichetial leaves nerveless.
Stem subpinnate above; branches turgid julaceous. Capsules

unknown. — Amer. r. U. S. Florida: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
2.P.Ludovicia C. Mueller. — Neckera C. M.; Pterobryum
Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves longer-acuminate abruptly nar-
rowed; alar cells less numerous; costa pereurrent or vanishing
in acumen. Perichetial leaves with long-excurrent costa. Cap-
sule exserted; pedicel short; peristome not seen. — Trees r.
Amer, U. S.: com. Macoun and Cardot.

Fam. 5. Neckeracee.
13. Neckera Hedwig.
A. Capsule not annulate Stem us. pinnate.
a. Leaves with long sharply dentate-spinulose acumen; upper
cells narrow; costa short double or indistinct.
I. Douglasiella. Leaves us. undulate. Capsule more or less
emergent; endostome as high as teeth. Dioecious.
b. Leaves obtügate or short-acuminate, not or faintly denticulate;
Upper cells gen. wide.
aa. Leaves with long simple costa. Endostomial segments long.
Paraphyllia us. numerous. | ; sab
Il. Menziesiella. Leaves undulate. Capsule immersed, Di-
oecious,

— 16 —

bb. Leaves with short double or indistinct costa. Endostomial
segments short or rudimentary. Paraphyllia few or wanting,
II. Eu-Neckera. Leaves undulate sublinear-ovate; middle
and lower cells gen. narrow. Capsule often immersed. Often
monoecious.

IV. Leiophyllum. Leaves not undulate often short; middle
cells sometimes wide. Capsule gen. long-exserted. Branches
often flagelliferous. Dioecious.

B. Capsule annulate. Stem not distinctly pinnate.

V. Homalia. Leaves not undulate; costa sometimes simple
but abbreviate. Capsule long-exserted. Branches not flagelli-
ferous. Monoecious or dioecious.

I. Douglasiella Kindb.
1.N.Douglasii Hooker.

Leaves large undulate with cordate base, sublinear-lanceolate
broad acuminate, faintly deuticulate below acumen sometimes
to middle, entire in lower part, only at angles sinuolate; teeth —
of acumen sometimes hooked; cells gen. fusiform-linear orange
at insertion, alar short wide. Perichetial leaves filiform-pointed.
Capsule red ovaloblong; pedicel us. triply longer; teeth pale —
yellow. Plants pale green, finally becoming whitish. Stem |
very long; flagellee often longish. Trees and rocks. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can.: Macoun. U.. S.: Boleender, herb. Lesquereux, com.

Renauld.
2.N.cephalonica Juratzka; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. l
Leaves small not undulate and not distinctly. cordate, from
broader and entire basal part gradually tapering to the long
subulate often filiform-pointed acumen; its teeth not hooked;
cells narrow sublinear at insertion yellowish, alar not distinct.
Stem short. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — Eur. r. »Greece: -
Unger»: Juratzka. (Africa, Madeira: Liebetrut, com. C. Mueller.) —
IL . Menziesiella Kindb. a
A. Capsule immersed longer than pedicel; segments as high as ©
teeth or higher. Leaves finally brown.
3.N.Menziesii Hooker; Sullivant icon. musc.
Leaves sublinear broader below, faintly denticulate above .
middle; apical and alar cells dilated, the others narrow. Capsule
suboval; teeth orange. Branches us. distant with numerous
flagelle. Stem often very long. — Rocks and trees. Amer.
Pacif. distr. not r. Can: Macoun, U. S.: Roell; Mrs L. C.
Feely; Henderson, eom. Cardot,

io gd. is

*N.amblyelada Kindb. (cat. Can. m., as var.)

-Branches crowded obtuse r. and sparingly flagellate. Leaves
suboblong shorter; cells dilated, upper subrhombie, lower oblong,
inner basal narrow. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer.
Can. Pacif. distr. in subalp. region: Macoun.
4.N.turgida Juratzka.

Leaves sublinear-oblong sometimes denticulate to below middle;
apical and alar cells dilated, the others narrow. Branches us.
crowded obtuse; flagella few and short. »Capsule oblong-cy-
lindrie; teeth yellowish brown»: Limpricht. — Rocks and trees
` r. Eur. Germany: Geheeb. ;
*Njurassiea Amann; Limpricht.

»Leaves subsecund; cells gen. subrhombic. Capsules unknown.
— Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.: Amann»; Limpricht.

B. Capsule partly emergent above perichetial leaves, not longer
than pedicel; segments unknown. Leaves us. yellowish green.
5.N.mediterranea Philibert.

Leaves subovate-oblong gen. nearly entire; inner lower cells
narrow, the others dilated. Capsule suboval; teeth pale yellow.
Branches often distant; flagelle short. — Rocks r. Eur. France:
Philibert; Payot, com, Husnot.

III. Eu-Neckera.
A. Pedicel of capsule long-exserted. Leaves large strongly
undulate us. shining and finally becoming brown. Dioecious.

6.N.erispa L. — Hypnum L.; Neckera Hedwig. i

Leaves gen. sublinear obtusate; perichetial long-sheathing
short-pointed. Capsule oval; segments distinct, basal membrane
obsolete. Branches sometimes turgid and less distinctly pin-
nate, — Rocks princ. not shaded. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.!
B. Capsule wholly immersed. Leaves large strongly undulate
green not glossy. Monoecious. i
7.N.pennata L. — Fontinalis L.; Neckera. Hedwig.

Leaves gen. sublinear obtusate, those of younger branches
us. longer-acuminate with narrower apical cells; perichetial gra-
dually acuminate long-pointed. Capsule oval; endostome rudi-
mentary, Stem rigid. — Us. on trees r. on shaded rocks in
Woods, somewhat r. Eur. Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser;
Waghorne.

C. Capsule with shortly or not exserted pedicel. Leaves less
large not strongly undulate us. green; apical cells short.

à. Dioecious r, fruiting. Capsule with emergent pedicel; endo-
Stomial segments distinct, Leaves somewhat small,

se FS

8.N.pumila Hedwig. :
Leaves sublinear-oblong gen. acute, more or less acuminate
or filiform-pointed, slightly undulate, often recurved below at
one side and inflexed at the other. Capsule oblong; teeth pale :
yellow; basal membrane of endostome distinct. Often with
propagula. — On trees r. on rocks, prine. below alp. regions. 3
Eur. Switzerl.| Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot. d:
b. Monoecious not r. fruiting. Capsule partly emergent; endo- —
stome rudimentary.
9.N.oligoearpa Bruch. 1
Leaves gen. sublinear-oblong short-acuminate; costa very short. |
Perichetial leaves gradually acuminate. Capsule round-oval; :
‘teeth pale yellow. ‘Stem not rigid; branches us. pinnate. — 1
On rocks r. (in Amer.) on trees, prine. in alp. regions, r. Eur. -
Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun.
10.N.pterantha C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can m. (as subspecies).
Leaves as in the last but larger, often brown-green; costa
longer. Perichetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate. Capsule
round-oval; teeth white hyaline; antheridia and archegonia more
numerous than in the last. Branches rigid, gen. simple and
very long. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.
IV. Leiophyllum C. Mueller syn. musc.
A. Leaves obovate arrounded at apex. ;
11.N.Besseri Lobarzewski. — Omalia Lob.; Neckera Juratzka.
Leaves small denticulate above, often shining; cells dilated,
middle and lower suboval. Perichetial leaves gradually acuml-
nate. »Capsule oval subemergent; endostome incomplete with |
indistinct basal membrane»: Limpricht. — On rocks, r. on trees,
r. Eur, Norway, Switzerl.! odor
B. Leaves not arrounded at apex, gen. somewhat narrow.
a. Leaves narrow-oblong or sublanceolate. Capsule long-exserted
oval-oblong; segments and basal membrane distinct. ;
12.N.complanata L. — Hypnum L.; Neckera Huebener. ;
Leaves short-acuminate acute, minutely denticulate in upper
third; middle and lower cells linear-lanceolate, alar subquadrate.
Outer perichetial leaves abruptly acuminate, — On trees, less
often on rocks. Eur. common. Sweden etc.! Amer. r: Can.:
Waghorne. Bor
b. Leaves (at least the upper) short and gen. obtusate, smaller-
than in the last. Capsules unknown. ;
13.N.graeilis James. — Homalia Jam.; Sull. ic. m.; Neckera-
Kindb, | | To

= OD -=

Leaves oval-oblong indistinctly denticulate all around: middle
cells rhombic, lower subrectangular-linear, alar subquadrate, —
Rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Peck, com. Macoun.
14.N.tenella Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norweg.

Leaves gen. broad-oval, upper denticulate nearly all around;
middle and lower cells oblong, lowest basal shorter and yellow.
— Rocks in lower subalp. districts r. Eur. Norway in Gud-
brandsdal! Sweden in Medelpad: M. Huss.

V. Homalia Bridel, as genus.
A. Leaves dentate subfimbriate at apex, denticulate below;
costa reaching above middle. Capsules unknown.
15.N.lusitaniea Schimper. — Homalia Sch.; Neckera Kindb.

Leaves obovate subobtuse shining; only a single apical tooth
prominent. — Rocks r. trees, r. Eur. Mediterr. distr. France:
Boulay and Espagne, com. Husnot. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli.
Portugal: Levier.

B. Leaves denticulate near apex, nearly entire below; costa
vanishing near middle, sometimes shorter and double.
16.N.trichomanoides Schreber. — Hypnum Schreb.; Neckera
Hartman.

Leaves subacute or obtuse (sometimes subacuminate) with
several prominent apieal teeth, us. subobovate or spathulate,
shining when dry. Inner perichetial leaves with patent subu-
late acumen. Capsule ovate-oblong; segments entire or rimose;
beak of lid nearly as long as capsule. Monoecious us. fruiting.
— Trees, stones and earth. Eur. gen. common. Sweden, Nor-
way, Germany! »Amer.»: Lesq. et Jam. :
17.NJamesii Schimper. — Homalia Sch.; Neckera Kindb.

Leaves minutely denticulate all around or nearly entire,
neither apiculate nor acurainate, otherwise as in the last. »Cap-
sule with shorter peristome; lid shorter rostellate»: Schimp. syn.
R. fruiting. — Rocks r. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. $.:
James, com. €. Mueller.

I8.N.Maeounii C. M. et Kindb. — Homalia cat. Can. m.;
Neckera Kindb.; Homalia obtusata Lesq. et Jam., non Mitten.

Leaves arrounded at apex, denticulate to middle, gen. lingu-
late and faintly or not glossy, finally yellow at insertion. Inner
perichetial leaves suddenly narrowed to the erect sublinear
Obtuse acumen. Capsule suboblong; beak of lid much shorter;
Segments rimose. R. fruiting. Probably dioecious; male flo-
wers not found. — Trees and rocks. Amer. Can.: Macoun;

Moser; Waghorne. |

s QAO wie

14.Neckeropsis Reichardt (rather a subgenus of Neckera).
1.N.undulata Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Neckeropsis Reich.
Leaves undulate sublinear-lingulate with broader and cordate |
base, faintly denticulate all around; upper cells rhombic, middle |
and lower lanceolate-linear. Stem creeping. »Capsule immersed - i
cylindric-oblong; teeth yellow; segments carinate as high; calyptra | :
mitriform sparingly hairy»: C. M. syn. — Trees r. Amer. U. |
S.: Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. (Cuba: Wright, com. C. Mosis d
2.N.disticha Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Neckeropsis Kindb. :
Leaves not undulate, sublingulate entire or above middle :
indistinctly denticulate; upper and middle cells rhombic-oval, -
basal and lower marginal linear. »Capsule subemergent oblong- |
cylindric; teeth pale; segments as high, split to” base; calyptra |
conie dimidiate glabrous»: C. M. syn — Trees r. Amer. U. S: -
Austin, com. Macoun.
15. Porotrichum Bridel. a
1.P.Bigelowii Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull.; Porotrichum Kindb. -
Leaves distant nearly plane, but involute at. one side of base, :
obtusate acute sharply serrate above, sublinear-lanceolate or sub- -
lingulate; upper cells hexagonal-oval, middle oblong, lower ;
sublinear; costa smooth Jong not pereurrent, sometimes forking |
above. Capsule obovate; lid long-rostrate; pedicel curved above. -
Branches distant, Tufts bright green often glossy. — Wet-
rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Macoun. U. S.: Mrs L. ©.
Feely; E. Hall, com. Macoun; com. -Renauld and Cardot. di

Fam. 6. Leptodontacez.

16. Leptodon Mohr. 2

l.L.abietinus Hooker. — Neckera Hook. Leptodon Kindb.; i
Alsia Sulliv. ic. musc.; Leptodon circinnatus Sull. d
Leaves serrulate gen. in upper third, mamillose-spinulotf :
above at back and costa, more or less acuminate, acute Ot.
subobtuse at apex, gen. ovate-oblong or (those of stem) ovate-
lanceolate, recurved below, often involute at acumen; cells very -
small and gen. oblong-linear, alar sometimes subquadrate; costa -
long not percurrent. Inner perichetial leaves convolute obtusate |
apiculate. Capsule red oval-oblong; teeth whitish; segments
long rimose; calyptra and vaginula glabrous, Stem us. erect,
sometimes bipinnate, its naked part us. long; branches crow-
ded not flagelliferous; paraphyllia broad fimbriate. — Trees
and rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can: Macoun. U. S.: Bolender.
com. C. Mueller; Miss Mann, com. Cardot; Mrs L, C. Feely;
Hall, com. Macoun; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton, s!

2.L.Smithii Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.; Leptodon Mohr.

Leaves entire smooth obtuse oval-ovate recurved below middle;
cells gen. rotundate, inner near costa sublinear, basal suboval;
costa vanishing near or above middle Inner perichetial leaves
long-acuminate. Capsule reddish yellow oblong; teeth pale;
segments rudimentary or wanting; calyptra and vaginula hairy.
Stem ascending or decumbent, its naked part short; branches
distant often flagelliferous; paraphyllia sublinear. R. fruiting.
— Trees and stones r. Eur. common in mediterr. distr. France:
Le Jolis; Husnot. Italy: Arcangeli. Austria: Berggren. Engl.: Davies,
com. W. H. Pearson.

17. Macouniella Kindb. in check-list of Eur. and
N. Amer. mosses.
LM.ealiforniea Sullivant. — Antitrichia Sull. ic. m.

Leaves not striate, with ovate-oblong base and denticulate
Shorter acumen; lower cells lanceolate-oblong; costa reaching to
acumen. Perichetial leaves entire gradually narrowed to a fili-
form-pointed acumen. Capsule oblong-cylindrie gen. long-ex-
serted; teeth pale; segments short with distinct longitudinal
line; lid rostrate. Stem pinnate suberect; branches julaceous.
Dioecious. — Trees r. Eur. Mediterr. distr. France: Renauld, |
com. Gravet. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Mrs
Ames, com. Cardot.

Fam. 7. Meteoriacee.

18. Papillaria C. Mueller.
1.P.nigrescens Swartz. — Hypnum Sw.; Papillaria Sauerbeck
et Jeger; Meteorium Mitt.; Lesq. et Jam.
. Leaves entire from cordate base long-acuminate, ventricose
In middle, faintly recurved below, involute-cucullate at apex,
faintly papillose; cells minute, angular suboval seriate, inner
basal sublanceolate; other cells oval-rhombic or rhomboidal.
Stem thin subpinnate; branches with naked or at apex foliate
flagellæ, »Capsule narrow-obloñg; teeth white; lid rostellate»:
C. M. Syn. »Endostome as in Homalia»: Lesq. et Jam. —
Trees r. Amer, U. S.: Sawyer, com. Cardot. :
*P.Donnellii Kindb. n. subsp.; var. Donnellii Austin m. Apalach.
— Stem and branches thicker. Leaves not distinctly papillose,
abruptly short-acuminate. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U.
- Florida: Donnell Smith, com. Macoun.

! 19. Meteorium Bridel.

L.M.pendulum Sullivant icon. muscor. ;

Stem-leaves minute narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate
filiform-pointed, minutely denticulate below, nearly entire above.
decurrent, not or faintly recurved, papillose at back, patent -
when dry. Branch-leaves denticulate all around, sublinear or |
subulate-acuminate; costa faint reaching to acumen. Capsule
minute suboval; pedicel about twice longer; teeth yellowish; |
segments nearly as high; lid apiculate. Stem long filiform -
subpinnate; branches flagellate very long. — Trees in subítro- -
pical distr. r. Amer. U. S: Congdon, com. Macoun; Langlois, |
com. Cardot. [à
2.M.floridanum Austin. — Neckera Aust.; Meteorium (?) Kindb. |
. »Leaves concave cymbiform plicate obsoletely papillose, narrowly —
oblong-lanccolate, broadly revolute, entire or obsoletely serrulate; |
cells minute, the basal broader; costa vanishing above middle. —
Primary stem creeping with nerveless leaves; secondary stems |
somewhat. compressed, pendent or erect. — Trees r. Amer. —
U. 8.»: Lesq. et Jam.

Fam. 8. Hookeriaceze.
20. Hookeria Taylor.
1.H.letevirens Taylor. — Cyclodictyon Mitten.

Leaves elliptic-obovate obtusate filiform-pointed, slightly ser
rulate above; lower cells hexagonal-oval; nerves reaching abov
middle. Capsule oval inclined or pendent; teeth purplish
segments entire as high with high basal membrane; lid long
acuminate or rostellate. Monoecious. — Rocks near water T
Eur. Ireland: Holt and Stewart.
2.H.varians Sullivant; Lesq. et Jam.

Leaves suboblong acute sometimes short-acuminate, nearly
entire; cells round-hexagonal twice larger than in the last; ner
ves reaching to middle. Capsule oblong horizontal or pendent,
very small; teeth purplish; segments entire; lid short-acuminate
Polygamous. — Amer. r, »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright,
com. C. Mueller).

21. Callieostella C. Mueller.
1.C.eruceana Duby. — Hookeria Duby; Callicostella Sauerbee
et Jæger.

Leaves oblong-lingulate not limbate, not appressed when ary; |
upper cells papillose irregularly round-polygonal, lower short-
rectangular. Capsule very small, oblong or ovate-cylindrie;
lid half as long; teeth dark purple, segments higher. Stem
irregularly divided. Plants small. Amer. r. »U, S.»; Lesq.
Jam. (Mexico: Duby, herb. C. M.) : o RT

wis ccs

22. Pterygophyllum Bridel.
1.P.lucens L. — Hypnum L.; Pterygophyllum Brid.

Leaves plane very large, round-ovate or suboval, arrounded
at apex, pale-hyaline when emarcid; upper cells round-hexago-
nal, lower oblong. Perichetial leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate.
Capsule suboval horizontal or deflexed; teeth orange; segments
orange entire as. high, their basal membrane high; lid rostrate;
pedicel long red. Tufts loose. Stem irregularly divided. Mo-
noecious. Habit of Mnium punctatum. — Wet places princ.
near rivulets. Eur. France: Zetterstedt. Italy: Arcangeli. Austria:
Schmidt Germany: Huebner. Engl.: Cash; Holt. Norway: Ahn-
feldt, com. S. Hardin. Amer. Pacif. distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
Can: J. Macoun.
2.P.Sullivantii C. Mueller. — Hookeria Lq. et Jam.

Differs from the last: Leaves: ovate or suboblong narrower
and less large subacuminate subacute; cells oval-oblong nearly
uniform. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S. Tennessee:
Mrs Britton, com. C. Mueller.

23. Daltonia Hooker et Taylor.
l.D.splachnoides Smith. — Neckera Sm.; Daltonia H. T.

Leaves small entire from sublinear-lanceolate base tapering
to a subsubulate shorter acumen; middle and lower inner cells
oblong-lanceolate, marginal narrow-linear yellowish; costa reaching
to acumen, Capsule small oyal-oblong; teeth whitish or yello-
Wish; segments entire as long without basal membrane; lid
yellow rostrate; pedicel short. Plants small. — Rocks and
trees r. Eur, Irel: Holt; M'Ardle.

Fam. 9. Leskeacee.
24. Thelia Sullivant.
A. Leaves green fimbriate; their cilia not split, -
1.T hirtella Hedwig. — Pterigynandrum H.; Thelia Sull, ic. m.
Stem brown-tomentose; branches bilateral distant; paraphyllia
humerous. Capsule subcylindric; teeth short; segments none;
endostomial membrane elevate; lid rostrate; pedicel short. —
rees r. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Drummond n. 79; Lawson. U. S.:
Roel; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; com. Macoun and Cardot.
2.T.robusta Duby.
»Differs from the last: Branchlets unilateral very crowded,
heaves r. simply costate. Endostomial segments obtuse. T
Amer, r. U. S»: Lesq. et Jam. |
3.T.compacta Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist IV.

= eee

Stem brown-tomentose; branches unilateral crowded; para- .
phyllia none. Capsule suboblong; teeth short; segments none; —
endostomial membrane low; lid not rostrate; pedicel shorter -
than in T. hirtella. — Trees r. Amer. Can: Macoun; Moser. —

B. Leaves glaucous green; their cilia split. Lid of capsule -
rostrate. Endostomial segments distinct; basal membrane elevate. —
4.T.asprella Schimper. — Leskea Sch; Thelia Sull. ie. m. —

Stem brown-tomentose; branches short more or less distant,
not unilateral; paraphyllia present. Leaves fimbriate with bi- -
furcate cilia. Capsule cylindric-oblong; teeth long; pedicel not |
long. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun, U. S.: Roell; Austin, -
com. Macoun. ;
5.T.Leseurii Sullivant icon. muscor. :

Stem not tomentose; branches unilateral elongate crowded or |
distant; parapbyllia none. Leaves not fimbriate, sometimes |
obtusate obtuse; cilia divided in 2, 3 or 4 lobes. Capsule cy-
lindric; teeth not long; pedicel longer than in the last. — Sandy |
ground or rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. |

25. Pterygynandrum Hedwig. |
1.P.filiforme Timm. — Hypnum T.; Pterigynandrum Hedw. |

Leaves recurved below, serrulate above, often striate, us. de- -
current and not appressed; upper cells oblong, lower linear |
lanceolate; costa reaching to middle or shorter. Stem-leaves |
recurved nearly all around, subovate or obovate, often short |
acuminate. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong obtusate subobtuse us. —
very papillose. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth hyaline or yello- -
wish; segments short. Stem us. denudate at base, in American
variety creeping. — Trees and stones. Eur, common princ. in |
southern distr. SwitzerL, Germany, Sweden, Norway! Amer. not
common. Can.: Macotiti; Waghorne.
"R. papillosulum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. :

Differs in leaves neither striate nor decurrent, appressed when
dry and not glossy; the younger subhyaline nearly smooth
short-acuminate acute. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer
Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.
*P.decipiens Weber et Mohr. — Neckera W. M.; Pterygynan-
drum Lindb. ;

Leaves indistinctly decurrent, not striate, gen. obtusate, ap-
pressed when dry and not glossy; those of stem less recu
Branches thicker. Very r. fruiting. »Endostomial segments
as high as teeth»: Limpricht. — Rocks princ. in colder distr
Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Waghorne.

= 4 a.

26. Leskea Hedwig.

A. Leaves nearly uniform, more or less recurved, smooth at
borders at least below, more or less opake, often faintly papillose.
1.L.polyearpa Ehrhart.

Leaves faintly recurved near base, gen. acute short-decurrent
not much distant; those of stem ovate-oblong, those of branches
subovate. Perichetial leaves long-acuminate; costa thin. Capsule
subcylindric often large; teeth pale yellow, segments nearly as
high; lid conic acute often apiculate. Tufts often green. —
Rocks and base of trees princ. on humid places. Hur. common
below alp. regions. Sweden, Germany, Italy! Amer. notr. Can.:
Macoun; Drummond n. 223. U.S.: Jesup, com. Macoun. Greenl.:
Wenck, com. Roell.

*L.subobtusifolia C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Branch-leaves very distant and decurrent gen. obtuse. Cap-
sule not large; lid convex apiculate. — Base of trees r. Amer-
Can.: Macoun. U. S. Ohio: Purpus, com. Roell.
2.L.obscura Hedwig; Sullivant icon. muscor.

Leaves recurved gen. all around, smaller than in the last,
nearly crowded and not decurrent, subovate gen. obtusate obtuse.
Perichetial leaves short-acuminate; costa thick. Capsule sub-
Oblong small; teeth pale; segments short; lid conie obtuse or
subobtuse. Tufts us. dirty green. Branches shorter than in
the last. — Base of trees near water r. Amer. U. S.: Sullivant,
com. C, Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun; com. Renauld and
Cardot.

B. Leaves very diversiform, not distinctly recurved, very pa-
pillose also at borders all around, opake.

».L(?)Cardoti Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. — »Leskea obscura
Hedwig»: Cardot in litt.

Leaves nearly crowded; those of stem narrowly ovate-oblong
acuminate acute; those of branches broad ovate gen. subobtuse
apiculate. Capsule suboblong; peristome not seen. Habit of
Anomodon, — Amer. r. U. S. Louisiana: Langlois, com. J.
Cardot.

27. Leseurwa Bryol. eur.

A. Costa of leaves not excurrent. Uppermost branch-leaves
r. mamillose above.

L.L.striata Sehwsegrichen. — Pterogonium Schw.; Lescurea
T. eur. ;

Leaves oblong-lanceolate gradually acuminate recurved to the

Somewhat long acumen, slightly decurrent, us. entire; iem

c ELS

narrowly lanceolate-linear exc. the subquadrate alar and lower —
marginal. Apical cells of branch-leaves linear hyaline. Cap- —
sule small oval-oblong or subcylindric; teeth orange; segments -
brittle; basal membrane nearly indistinct; cilia none; lid conie E
acute. Branches straight. Tufts us. green not glossy. Habit .
of Pseudoleskea. — Trees princ. in southern distr. r. Eur. $
France: Husnot. Italy: Bottini.
*L.saxieola (Br. eur., as var.) Molendo. :
Leaves somewhat larger, gen. shorter-acuminate and denticu-
late near apex, us. yellowish and glossy. Branches often cur- .
ved. Resembles Pseudoleskea decipiens. R. fruit. — Alp. rocks. —
Eur. not r. Norway fruit.! es
2.L.imperfecta C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. :
Differs from L. striata: Leaves from short subovate recurved —
base suddenly narrowed to a long subulate or filiform acumen, -
distinctly decurrent; upper and middle cells oval-oblong, inner .
near costa oblong-linear. Capsule oblong; endostomial mem-
brane distinct; cilia short; lid subobtuse. — Earth and treesr. —
Amer. Can, Brit. Col: Macoun. »
B. Costa of some leaves long-excurrent. Upper branch-lea- .
ves often mamillose above.
3.L.stenophylla Renauld et Cardot. — Pseudoleskea Ren. et
Card.; Lescurea Kindb.
Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate gradually long-acuminate
nearly entire, recurved below; upper. cells suboblong, lower
inner oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboblong erect or finally in-
clined; teeth brownish; segments as high (very narrow); basal
membrane very low. Tufts green or yellowish. — Rocks and |
trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. alp. region: Macoun. U. $.
Roell, com. Cardot.
4.L.frigida Kindb. n. sp. E
Leaves from subovate base nearly gradually narrowed to the
long subulate or filiform-pointed acumen, recurved to it and
distinctly decurrent; cells sublinear except the quadrate alar; |
costa sometimes long-excurrent. Stem-leaves gen. entire; branch- -
leaves serrulate at the whole acumen, sometimes short-acumi-
nate and faintly mamillose. Capsules unknown. Stem sub-
pinnate. Tufts dark brown or blackish, not glossy. Very di |
stinct in serrulate branch-leaves and Very narrow leaf-cells. — -
Amer. r. Can. Northern Labrador: Macoun 1896. i
28. Myrinia Schimper.
1.M.pulvinata Wahlenberg. — Leskea Wng; Myrinia Schim-

per; Helicodontium Lindb.

— NS

Leaves ovate acute not recurved, erect when dry; upper cells
rhombic, lower oval-oblong, lowest basal subquadrate; costa va-
nishing below middle. Capsule small oval-oblong; teeth reddish;
segments lower, orange, with longitudinal line and basal mem-
brane; lid conic; pedicel short. Tufts dirty green. Branches
distant not curved. Monoecious. Habit of Leskea polycarpa
but with smaller leaves. — On base of trees, r. on rocks, princ.
near rivers, r. Eur. Sweden 1853! Norway! Amer, Can.: Macoun.
2.M.Dieckii Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves gen. obtuse, sometimes recurved below, appressed
when dry; cells rhomboidal or oval-oblong except the quadrate |
not well-defined alar; costa subpercurrent or somewhat shorter.
Stem leaves ovate-oblong subacute; branch-leaves broad-ovate or
suboval, sometimes indistinctly apiculate. Capsule (not ripe)
subcylindric; lid not apiculate; pedicel short smooth. Branches
distant not curved. Peristome and male flowers unknown. —
Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. U. S: Roell, com. Cardot.

29. Helicodontium Schwegrichen.
l.H.subcapillatum Hedwig. — Pterygynandrum H.; Helico-
dontium Kindb.; Homalothecium Schimp.; Sull. ic. m.

Leaves serrulate all around or above middle, not striate, re-
curved to acumen, very small and not appressed; alar cells
hyaline, the others rhomboidal oblong or the inner basal subli-
. hear; costa gen. simple vanishing near or above middle, some-
times shorter and double. Stem-leaves ovate abruptly narrowed
to a long filiform or subulate point, decurrent; branch-leaves
ovate-oblong gen. long-subulate. Perichetial leaves narrow long-
acuminate, Capsule suboblong very small; teeth red, bordered
at base (»sometimes also above»: Sull. l. c.) by the rudimen-
tary endostome; lid rostellate; pedicel faintly rough, very short;
calyptra sometimes beset with long hairs. Spores large. Bran-
ches erect subdistant not or faintly curved. Dioecious. — On

ark r, Amer. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Wolf, com.

Macoun.

Fam. 10. Entodontacee.
30. Holmgrenia Lindberg (Orthothecium Schimper).

A. Tufts loose sparingly radiculose. Leaves more or less
striate, reddish at insertion. Endostome not longer than teeth.

à. Leaves us. large and distinctly striate or plicate, recur-
ved. Branches mostly long.
I-H.ehrysea Sehwagrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Holmgrenia
Lindb. 1862; Brachythecium lapponicum (Lindb.) Schimper.

a E

Leaves ovate-oblong subobtuse or ovate-lanceolate acute or |
short-acuminate, abruptly contracted to a filiform point, us. sub- -
erect when dry. Capsule cylindric suberect; lid obtuse. Tufts :
golden glossy, r. greenish. Branches gen. simple. R. fruiting. -
— Wet rocks and swamps in alps r. Eur. princ. in northern 2
distriets. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. L
2.H.rufescens Dickson. — Hypnum D.; Holmgrenia Ldb.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually long-subulate and filiform- :
pointed, patent also when dry. Capsule cylindric erect; lid -
obliquely rostellate. Tufts us. copper-glossy, sometimes green. 1
Branches often divided. Less r. fruiting. — Wet rocks princ. 1
in alps. Eur. not r., often in southern. distr. Norway, Switzerl.! .
Amer. »Can.»: Lesq. et Jam. E
* H.complanata Kindb. — Orthothecium Kindb. Laubm, Schw. 3
u. Norw. in

Leaves less patent, smaller and shorter with shorter acumen à
and not long filiform point, faintly striate. Branches often com- d
planate. Capsules unknown. — Alpine rocks r, Eur. Norway" -—
S. O. Lindberg and E. Nyman. Id

b. Leaves small, faintly or not striate, sometimes not recur-
ved. Branches us. short.
3.H.rubella Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.; Holmgrenia Kindb.;
H. binervula Molendo.

Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate, abruptly contracted to
a filiform point, us. recurved and faintly striate, more or less 3
patent. Tufts copper-glossy or yellowish, r. olivaceous or green. E
Capsules unknown. — Rocks often in crevices and caverns .
princ. in alps, r. Eur. Norway!

* H.strieta Lorentz.

Leaves with shorter filiform point, less or indistinctly striate,
us. not recurved, more appressed when dry. — Eur. r. Norway,
Switzerl! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. |

B. Tufts intricate radiculose. Leaves not striate, pale or
yellowish at insertion. Endostome longer than teeth. |
4.H.irrorata Sendtner. — Leskea Sendt. 1848; Holmgrenia |
Kindb; Hypnum C. M. syn.; Leskea intricata Hartman 1849

Leaves small ovate-lanceolate, gradually long-subulate with
gen. filiform point, not recurved, patent and us. green and
silky glossy when dry. Capsule oval-oblong suberect; lid conic.
Stem divided; branches short often curved. Perichetial leaves
denticulate above. Very r. fruiting. — Crevices and caverns 0
rocks princ. in alps, r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer, Can.: Macotin.

— ME Gs

31. Entodon C. Mueller (Cylindrothecium Schimper).

A. Leaves obtusate or short-acuminate, entire or near apex
denticulate-sinuolate. Endostome not much lower than teeth.

a. Leaves entire with traces of several nerves near base.
Stem pinnate eradiculose. Dioecious r. fruiting.
1.E.orthocarpus Dela Pylaie. — Hypnum Dela P.; Entodon
Lindb.; Cylindrothecium concinnum (Not.) Schimp.

Leaves ovate obtuse subcucullate at apex, not large, at in-
sertion yellow; alar cells small green. Capsule cylindric; teeth
red-yellow; annulus narrow; lid not rostellate; pedicel long.
Stem rigid pale; branches subdistant somewhat turgid. Tufts
loose green or yellowish. Habit of Hylocomium Schreberi. —
Dry earth and stone. Eur. not r. Norway! Switzerl.!; Schimper
and Philibert (fruit. specim.). Amer. r. Can. N. Foundl.: Waghorne.

Leaves entire or near apex denticulate-sinuolate; costa
double or indistinct. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate,
more or less radiculose. Monoecious often fruiting.

aa. Branches turgid julaceous. Leaves sometimes short-acu-
minate; costa often distinct.
2.E.seductrix Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Entodon C. M.; Cylin-
drothecium Sulliv. icon. muse.

Leaves oval-ovate acute sometimes with deflexed point, very
concave but not ecucullate, us. quite entire; cells often wider
than in allied species, alar finally hyaline. Capsule cylindric;
teeth orange distantly articulate; annulus more or less imper-
fect: lid rostrate; pedicel us. short. Perichetial leaves acute or
short-apiculate. Tufts dense us. green. Branches crowded. —
Trees and logs in moist places. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun;
Drummond n. 160a in part, com. Macoun. U. $.: Sullivant,
com. C. Mueller; Purpus, com. Roell; com. Renauld and Cardot.
5.E.Sullivantii C. Mueller. — Cylindrothecium Sull. ic. m.

Leaves suboblong short-acuminate less concave, us. sinuolate
ar: denticulate near apex; cells narrow. Capsule oblong-cylin-
drie; teeth orange densely articulate; annulus perfect; lid ro-
Strate; pedicel somewhat long. Perichetial leaves long-pointed.
Branches less turgid and less crowded. — Trees r. Amer. Can.:
White, com. Macoun: U. S.: Sawyer, com. Cardot.
bb. Branches compressed. Leaves us. obtusate; costa us. in-

net. : |
4.E.cladorhizans Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Entodon C. Mueller
m part; Cylindrothecium Sulliv. icon. musc. i

Leaves: oval-ovate abruptly contracted to a short deflexed

.

SAM pem

point. or obtuse, not cucullate and. not distinctly denticulate;
alar cells small not well-defined on a short-triangular space.
Capsule subcylindric; teeth red below, pale above; annulus
broad. revoluble; lid acute or apiculate; pedicel about 2—3-
centim. long. Branches crowded faintly compressed. Tufts |

dense green or brown-yellow. — Rocks and logs in woods. 4
Amer, Can. r.: Macoun. E
* E.transsilvanieus Demeter in revue bryol. 1885. — E. cla- i

dorhizans *minutipes Kindb. in sched. "fm
Peristome paler. Pedicel of capsule less than 1 centim. Jong. :
— Logs r. Eur. near Moscou: Zickendrath. Amer. Can.: Ma- .
coun Canad. m. 263. E
5.E.Schleicheri Br. eur. — Cylindrothecium Br. eur ; Entodon |
Brotherus enum. muscor. Caucas. ! ;
Differs from E. cladorhizans: Leaves often cucullate at apex;
alar cells on a narrow-triangular space. Capsule with narrow
persistent annulus; lid conic obtuse or acute. Branches less
crowded and more compressed. Tufts somewhat loose sparingly
radiculose us. green. — Rocks and stony earth. Eur. south.
distr. Italy, Switzerl.! France: Schimper. |
6.E.compressus Hedwig: — Leskea H.; Entodon C. Mueller; -
Cylindrothecium Sulliv. icon. muse. ;
Differs from E. cladorhizans: Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth é
red; lid rostrate; pedicel often short. Branches more compres
sed gen. distant. Tufts sparingly radiculose green or light
brown. — Logs r. Eur. »Russia: Pallas»: Lindberg. Amer. Can.: d
Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun. -
7.E.Drummondii Bruch et Schimper. — Cylindrothecium Br
et Sch.; Entodon Kindb.
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong acute or short-acuminate, den-
ticulate near apex, less crowded; alar cells large on a short-
triangular space, inner basal sometimes similar. Perichetial |
leaves serrulate at acumen. Capsule oblong cylindric, substru-
mose at base; annulus indistinct; lid rostrate; pedicel long.
Branches complanate. Tufts green sparingly radiculose, — Sto-
nes and logs r. Amer. Ui S.: Langlois, com. Cardot.
B. Leaves long-acuminate crowded; costa gen. indistinct.
a. Leaves nearly entire. Endostomial segments wanting.
S.E.brevisetus Hooker et Wilson. — Neckera H. W.; Entodon
Kindb.; Cylindrothecium Br. et Sch.; Sull. ic. m. gx
Leaves from ovate-oblong base abruptly narrowed to a gu-
bulate filiform-pointed acumen; alar cells large on a narrow-

wwe BR ee

triangular or sublinear space. Capsule subeylindrie; teeth pale
red; annulus broad loosed in pieces or revoluble; lid obtuse;
pedicel often short. Branches crowded - faintly compressed.
Tufts dense green or brown. Monoecious. -— On prostrate trees
r. Amer. Can.: Moser. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin,
com. Macoun.

b. Leaves denticulate nearly all around. Capsules unknown.
9.E.acicularis C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves with subovate base and subulate or filiform-pointed
acumen, with difficulty loosed from the stem; inner basal cells
narrow, angular suboval numerous, special alar r. distinct.
Branches julaceous. Tufts compact radiculose. Probably dioe-
cious. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
10.E.Macounii C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves with subovate or ovate-oblong base and subulate
acumen; lower basal cells suboval nearly similar not large.
Branches complanate. Tufts green sparingly radiculose. Dioe-
cious. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun.

i 32. Platygyrium Bryol. eur.
ed di Bridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid.; Platygyrium

r. eur. ;

Leaves recurved entire ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acu-
minate without filiform point; upper cells rhomboidal-oblong,
middle lanceolate-linear, alar quadrate often orange on a trian-
gular space. Perichetial leaves entire long-subulate, orange at
base. Capsule oval-oblong or subcylindrie; teeth orange; seg-
ments yellow linear-subulate entire, not connated at base, shor-
ter than teeth without basal membrane; lid rostellate; pedicel
gen. not long. Tufts us. glossy green. Branches short, often
curved, sometimes with small branchlets to propagation. Dioe-
cious or pseudo-monoecious. Resembles Pylaisia and Hypnum
perichetiale. — On trees or r. on rocks. Eur, not common, r.
fruiting. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U.
S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller. :
2.P.brachyeladon Bridel; — Pterigynandrum Brid.; Platygyrium
Kindb.; Neckera €. M. syn. :

Differs from the last: Endostomial segments orange linear
connated at base and not shorter than teeth; lid of capsule
rostrate; monoecious. Branches straight elongate. — Trees r.
Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S. Michigan: Purpus, com. Roell.
33. 'Tripterocladium C. Mueller in Flora 1875, as subgenus.

A. Branch-leaves denticulate nearly all around. .

i AA ee

1.T.leucocladulam C. M. — Hypnum C. M. 1. c. T
Leaves pellucid, recurved below middle; cells small short, |
alar dusky numerous. Stem-leaves entire below acumen, gen. ovate- |
oblong long-acuminate; cells gen. narrow. Branch-leaves sub- E
ovate smaller; cells gen. oval-oblong. Perichetial leaves sharply |.
serrate. Capsule small cylindric-oval suberect; endostome without :
basal. membrane; lid conic acute; pedicel short. Perigonial s
leaves entire broad-oval obtuse. Stem pinnate; branches slender -
julaceous, — Amer. Western distr. r. U. S.: Harwey, com. C. .
Mueller; Leiberg, com. Roell.
2,T.eompressulum C. Mueller |. c. "
Differs from the last: Leaves subovate gen. short-acuminate, |
those of stem faintly denticulate nearly all around. Stem- irre-
gularly divided. »Capsule cernuous narrowly cylindric»: C. M. —
— Amer. Pacif. distr. r. U, S. Neeve, com. C. Mueller. :
B. Leaves gen. entire, only those of branches faintly denti- —
culate near apex. Capsules unknown. P
3.T.rupestre Kindb. cat. Can. m. — Platygyrium Kindb. bull. —
Torr. club XVII. *
Leaves gen. subovate. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts in- -

tricate. — Differs from the both last: Stem-leaves more broadly .
revolute to above. middle; branch-leaves often obtusate acute; 2
alar cells more numerous. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit... Col: T
Macoun. Y:

Fam. 11. Climaciacee.
34. Climacium Weber et Mohr.

1.C.dendroides L. — Hypnum L.; Climacium W. M. [o

Stem-leaves broadly ovate-oblong apiculate entire not decurrent. ke
Branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate obtuse with subcordate base, den- a
ticulate above middle, sharply dentate at apex; upper cells .
linearanceolate, lowest. inner basal shorter and wider, alar and .
lower basal us, red-brown. Perichetial leaves costate. Capsule —
cylindrie not long; teeth purplish brown; lid with not long
beak. Less often fruiting. — Wet meadows and rocks r. on -
trees or in water. Eur. common! Amer. r. Can. Maecoun. U.8: |
Henry, com. Cardot. | td

In a variety, floating in water, stem is irregularly divided. |
Eur. Sweden: E. Nyman. |

In an other variety (forma depauperata Boulay?), growing on.
trees, the naked part of stem is nearly indistinct, leaves are —
densely appressed when dry, their alar cells hyaline. Eur. :
Norway near Lillehammer!

ee BE di

2.C.americanum Bridel; Sullivant icon. muscor.

Stem-leaves obtuse entire long-decurrent gen. broad-ovate;
costa subpereurrent. Branch-leaves acute ovate-oblong cordate,
dentieulate from base, sharply serrate above middle; inner basal
cells somewhat dilated. Perichetial leaves nerveléss.. Capsule
long-cylindric; lid long-rostrate; teeth orange-red. Often fruiting.
— Logs and roots of. trees. Amer. common princ. in Pacif.
distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun. U. S: Sullivant,
com. C. Mueller; A. G. Wetherby; com. Renauld and Cardot.

In a variety (C. americanum var. Kindbergii Renauld et Car-
dot) leaves are shorter and broader; those of stem rotundate-
ovate, those of branches ovate. — Amer. U. S.: com. Renauld
and Cardot.

35. Alsia Sullivant.
1.A.longipes Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sulliv. icon. m.

Stem-leaves obtusate ovate-oblong denticulate above; branch-
leaves ovate-lanceolate acute, obtusate or short-acuminate, serrate
above, entire and recurved below; upper cells round-oval, lower
suboblong; costa. dentate above at back, reaching to acumen.
Capsule cylindric erect; segments rimose; cilia appendiculate;
lid. rostrate. Branches pinnate slightly curved, not much tur-
gid. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S: Bolender, com. Re:
nauld.
2.A.circinnata Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Alsia Kindb.; Eu-
thynchium Bryol. eur. 1

Lower stem-leaves from broad-ovate base. long-acuminate,
minutely denticulate; upper cells. lanceolate-linear, lower oblong:
. lanceolate; costa vanishing in acumen. Branch-leaves small
ovate-oblong acute, serrate above, denticulate and recurved below;
Inner cells gen. suboblong, middle suboval; costa subpercurrent
dentate at back. Capsule subovate inclined or horizontal, not
or slightly curved; segments split; cilia and lid as in the last.
Branches turgid circinnate subpinnate. Dioecious r. fruiting.
Habit of Isothecium Breweri and Pterogonium. — Earth and
Stone r, Eur. Italy: Bottini; Roell; Arcangeli.. France: Henry,
com. Husnot, Engl: Curnow. Irel.: Holt. ,
Seorpiurium rivale Schimper, differing in ovate obtusate
entire leaves with suboval cells, is by Prof. Boulay regarded
a8 a state of this species. — In water r. Eur. France: Boulay,
com. Husnot., | |
| 36. Isothecium Bridel.
A. Branches not compressed. :

ses ME ze.

l.Myura. Leaves gen. obtusate or short-pointed, not decurrent;
upper cells (either on stem- or branchleaves) rhombic-oblong; i
costa gen. short. Branches us. curved, often julaceous. Dioe-
cious, |
2.Myosuroidea. Leaves gen. long-acuminate, often short-decur-
rent; borders not or near base recurved; upper cells lanceolate;
costa us. reaching to acumen. Branches not julaceous, often
curved. Dioecious not often fruiting. =
3.Stolonifera. Leaves long-acuminate us. recurved to acumen;
cells linear; costa reaching to or in acumen. Branches not :
julaceous, us. straight, often with numerous flagellee (stolons). |
Monoecious or pseudo-monoecious often fruiting. E

B. Branches compressed. ;
4.Thamnioidea, Leaves small not decurrent, subdistichous gen.

obtusate; upper cells suboval or rotundate. Branches r. curved.
Dioecious.

1. Myura.

A. Leaves obtusate or short-acuminate. a
a. Stem-leaves entire at least below middle; costa short faint.
l.I.myurum Pollich. — Hypnum Poll.; Isothecium Bridel. :
Stem-leaves suboblong acute gen. obtusate, denticulate above;
branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate short-acuminate faintly denticu-
late; upper cells rhombic-oblong, lower sublinear, alar rotun-
date on a round or short-triangular space; costa vanishing near
middle. Perichetial leaves serrate above middle, subulate ae
minate sometimes filiform-pointed. Capsule eylindric-oblon
erect; teeth pale yellow; segments pale as high; cilia short; lid.
apiculate or rostellate; pedicel smooth. Branches crowded fasci-
culate not julaceous. Tufts loose green. Not r. fruiting.
Trees, rocks and earth in woods. Eur. common. Sweden, Ge
many, Switzerl.!
2.T.circinnans Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; C. M. syn.; Iso
thecium Sauter; I.myurum
Differs from the last: Leaves larger and broader, oval-oblon
subobtuse entire; perichetial entire with very short acumen
Stem pinnate; branches julaceous often acute. Tufts dense. —
Rocks r. Eur. Spain, Switzerl.! France: Husnot. ut

Stem-leaves from ovate-oblong base abruptly narrowed to
short subulate or filiform point, faintly denticulate above; cells
sublinear also at apex; costa short but distinct. Branch-leaves
oval-oblong obtusate obtuse or subacute, serrate nearly all

c4 A

around; apical cells suboblong; costa vanishing near middle.
Stem pinnate not radiculose; branches curved nearly crowded
and subjulaceous. Tufts brown-green. »Capsule suberect oval-
cylindric; lid acuminate; pedicel slightly rough»: Lesq. et Jam.
— Amer. Pacif, distr. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S. Oregon mt Hood:
Roell.

4.I.brachycladon Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from the last: Leaves smaller; those of stem subovate
nearly entire with very short or indistinct costa; branch-leaves
sometimes short-acuminate. Stem creeping irregularly divided;
branches distant very short, slightly curved and not julaceous.
Tufts bright green. Capsules unknown. Habit of I. striatulum.
— Under damp rocks r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun 1893.

b. Stem-leaves denticulate below middle; costa thick reaching
to "h. Leaves not large.
5.LBreweri Lesquereux. — Hypnum Lq.; Isothecium Kindb.

Stem-leaves ovate acute or short-acuminate, denticulate below,
serrate above; branch-leaves suboblong acute more sharply ser-
rate; upper and middle cells rhombic or oblong-rhomboidal,
lower lanceolate, alar short on a long space. Perichetial leaves
abruptly contracted to a very long subulate serrate acumen.
Capsule small subcylindrie erect or inclined; teeth yellow higher
than segments; cilia long; lid acute. Tufts dense subintricate
us. brown and glossy. Stem subpinnate; branches crowded
julaceous. Habit of Pterogonium. — Rocks r. Amer, Pacif.
distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Brewer, Henderson and Miss Mann,
com, Cardot.
6.I.myurellum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Differs from the last: Leaves more sharply serrate above;
cells narrower, middle linear, alar disposed on a short space.
Perichetial leaves nearly entire with short filiform point. Cap-
sule suboval; lid mamillate or subapiculate. Tufts loose not
glossy, often dark green. Stem pinnate; branches distant. —
Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Boleender,
com. Cardot. :
TLhyloeomioides Kindb. — I. myosuroides subsp., Kindb.
note on Canad. bryol. 1898.

Differs from I. Breweri: Leaves shorter, subovate gen. sub-
obtuse, more sharply serrate above to below middle; apical
cells oval-oblong, middle and lower linear, alar disposed on a
short space, Perichetial leaves minutely dentieulate. . Capsule
cylindric oblong sometimes curved; teeth pale yellow; cilia short;

Exe ^ eum

lid not seen. Tufts loose green or brown-green. Stem. bipin- :
nate; branches numerous not julaceous, often with short fla-
gelle. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Vance. isl: Macoun. p s
B. Leaves gen. long-acuminate, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceo-
late; costa thick gen. long. Stem irregularly pinnate. Leaves
somewhat large.
8.lthamnioides Kindb. n. sp. — »I. aggregatum» Kindb. cat.
Can. m.
Stem-leaves denticulate below, serrate or twice serrulate above;
upper cells rhombic or rhomboidal. Branch-leaves serrate nearly
all around; upper cells lanceolate-linear, middle and lower sub-
linear, alar. disposed on a short space. Perichetial leaves ser- 2
rate. Capsule cylindric inclined or slightly curved; lid short
acuminate; teeth yellow; cilia short appendiculate. Tufts loose |
glossy green. Branches long-attenuate nearly crowded not jula- !
ceous, — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col and Vane. isl: Ma- :
coun. ;
9.Laggregatum Mitten. — Hypnum Mitt.; Isothecium Kindb. -
»Lower leaves spreading broadly hastate ovate-acuminate
subecostate; those on the middle of the branches broadly ovate;
those: near the top costate-acuminate subjulaceous imbricate
serrulate toward the acute apex. Perichetial leaves ovate-lanceo-
late acuminate nerved to middle, serrate and reflexed at apex.
Capsule cylindrical irregular inclined; lid conical acuminate;
segments narrow (?); cilia solitary short, The author compares
it, on account of the julaceous imbrication of the leaves, 0
some states of Pterogonium gracile, while other stems have a
resemblance to Hypnum myurum. -— Amer. Vance. isl. and Brit.
Col.»: Lesq. et Jam. man, dn
10.Il.Howei Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. :
Leaves entire below middle, serrate above, often filiform-poin-
ted; areolation as in I. Breweri; costa vanishing near middle.
Capsule erect subcylindrie. Branches crowded subjulaceous.
somewhat long and numerous. Tufts dirty green not. glossy.

— On decaying branches r. Amer. U. S. California: Marshall.
A. Howe. LE:

2. Myosuroidea.

A. Middle and lower inner leaf-cells linear, alar finall

yellowish. Branch-leaves not striate. Lid of capsule acute
short-rostrate. Stem often distinctly tree-like, -

11.Tamyosuroides L. — Hypnum L.; Isothecium Bridel; Et
rhynehium. Schimper. M

x MON e

Leaves serrulate all around, recurved only near base, subde-
current not densely crowded; alar cells numerous finally yellow
on a suboval space; costa smooth well-distinct gen. long but
not reaching to acumen. Stem-leaves subovate short-acumina-
te often with long filiform point; branch-leaves narrowly ovate-
oblong long-acuminate with short filiform point. Perichetial
leaves contracted to a long serrulate subulate filiform-pointed
acumen. Capsule subeylindrie us. inclined; cilia short; lid
short-rostrate. Stem suberect or decumbent; branches some-
times flagellate. Tufts loose us. green. — On rocks and base
of trees. Hur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.
(not in Pacif. distr.): Macoun; Waghorne.
12.I.Holtii Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter and crowded; those of .
branches broad-ovate subobtuse without filiform point. Capsule
suboval larger. Stem rigid; branches subjulaceous. — Stones
by rivers r. Eur, Engl. Wales: G. A. Holt 1885.
13.Ltenuinerve Kindb. check-list of Eur. and N. Amer. mosses.
— I. myosuroides brevinerve Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1893.

Differs from J, myosuroides: Leaves narrower with long fili-
form point; alar cells often finally brown on a round space.
Stem-leaves nearly entire; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate; costa
us. faint vanishing far below acumen, sometimes double orin-
distinct. Lid of capsule conie acute not rostellate. — Rocks
In woods. Zur. not r. Sweden! Germany: Huebner. France:
Husnot m. Gall. Feeroer: com. C. Jensen. Amer. r. Can.: Waghorne.
H.L.acutieuspis Mitten; Lesq. et Jam. man.

»Leaves loosely imbricate; those below the perichetium cor-
date-ovate narrowly long-acuminate, minutely serrulate on. the
borders, nearly smooth at the cuspidate apex, with a very short

ffused costa, forking or entire, vanishing in middle; cells of
basal angles obscured or dusky; leaves of branchlets elliptical-
ovate acute serrulate nerved to the middle; the perichetial su-
bulate from an oblong ecostate base, recurved, very entire.
Capsule oval inclined; pedicel short; lid conical; cilia short. —
Mitten, who had seen only two stems of this moss, says that
it may be H. Brewerianum Lesq., but that the description of

at species is not sufficiently complete to be quite certain. —
Amer. Brit. Col: Douglas»: Lesq. et Jam. l- c. (Authentical
Specimens not seen). |

B. Leaf-cells oblong-lanceolate, lowest basal oval-quadrate,
alar green. Branch-leaves faintly striate. Lid of capsule long-
Tostrate, Stem decumbent; branches short.

FILTERS

-—— s

15.Lstriatulum Spruce. — Hypnum Spr.; Isothecium Kindb; -
Eurhynchium Schimp.; »Hypnum filescens Bridel»: C. M. syn.

Leaves serrulate all around, recurved below, subdecurrent
not densely crowded; costa long stout often rough at back. E
Stem-leaves subovate with long subulate or filiform often twi- 2
sted acumen. Branch-leaves ovate or broadly ovate-oblong, -
short-acuminate without filiform point. Capsule oval-oblong; E
cilia long. Tufts green not glossy. Resembles often I. myosu- i
roides in habit. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks t. Eur. Switzerl.!

9. Stolonifera. 4
16.I.stoloniferum Hooker. — Hypnum . Hook.; Isotheeium -
Bridel. h
Leaves small ovate-lanceolate with long often filiform-pointed |
acumen, serrate above, entire below middle, decurrent; alar E
cells on a short space. Perichetial leaves long-subulate with —
filiform point. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth pale; cilia long; lid
acute or apiculate. Tufts soft green or whitish green, faintly
or silky glossy. Branches crowded; flagelle numerous long
slender. — Trees. Amer. Pacif. distr. not uncommon. Can.: Je
Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. U. S.: Howell, com. Cardot.
17.L.spiculiferum Mitten.
Differs from the last: Leaves larger, serrate nearly all around,
not decurrent; perichetial short-subulate. Capsule oblong; teeth
pale; cilia short. Tufts less soft us. brownish and glossy.
Branches shorter, less slender, often legs crowded; flagellæ often
wanting. — Trees. Amer. Pacif. distr. not uncommon. Can:
Macoun; Roell. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. cae
18.I.Cardoti Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.
.Leaves larger than in the both last, shorter acuminate; those
of stem faintly denticulate below with an at apex twisted acu-
men; cells often yellow. Perichetial leaves long-subulate. Cap-
sule oval; teeth yellow; cilia long; lid acute. Stem often pin-
nate; branches not crowded; flagelle thick r. present. Mo
robust than the both last. Tufts us. brown. — Trees r. Amer-
Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S: Roell, com. J. Cardot. ;
4. Thamnioidea.
19.Lobtusatulum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. sit
Stem-leaves broad-ovate short acuminate acute, recurved below,
serrate above; branch-leaves smaller, suboval obtusate often.
obtuse; upper (sometimes also the middle) eells oval or broad
oblong, middle narrowly oblong or sublanceolate; costa reaching

c MR A

to. ?, or shorter. Capsule oblong; teeth yellowish; cilia nodose
shorter; lid muticous acute. Stem pinnate; branches gen. distant,

often flagelliferous. Tufts dark green. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.
Vane. isl: Roell 1888, Macoun 1893,
20.Il.Holzingeri Renauld et Cardot. — Thamnium Ren. et

Card.; Isothecium Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves more obtuse, not recurved,
less crowded; nearly all cells suboval or broad-oval, upper round-
hexagonal. Stem-leaves oblong-lingulate obtusate gen. obtuse;
branch-leaves ovate-oblong often subacute. Lid of capsule with
oblique beak. — Amer. r. U. S. Californ.: Marshall A. Howe.

37. Pterogonium Swartz.
1.P.ornithopodioides Hudson. — Hypnum Huds.; Pterogonium
Lindberg; P. gracile Swartz.

Leaves from broad-oval base gen. short-acuminate, more or
less sharply serrate at acumen; angular cells rotundrate-qua-
drate, inner basal elongate; middle cells oval; costa vanishing
near middle. Capsule subeylindric; lid subapiculate; calyptra
hairy; pedicel long. Branches thick julaceous curved when dry.
R. fruiting. — Rocks and trees gen. r. Eur. not r. in south.
distr. Switzerl.! Amer. r. U. S.: Brewer, com. Cardot.

38. Hylocomium Bryol. eur.

A. Stem with gen. numerous paraphyllia.

a. Stem simply pinnate. Leaves somewhat large; costa so- :
metimes simple. :

I. Eu-Hylocomium. Leaves not mawmillose. Pedicel of
capsule smooth.

b. Stem us. bi- or tripinnate. Leaves gen. small; costa double.
ll. Pleurozium. Leaves mamillose. Pedicel smooth.

Hyocomium. Leaves not mamillose. Pedicel. rough.
. B. Stem simply pinnate without paraphyllia. :
Hypnopsis. Leaves somewhat large, sometimes mamil-
lose; costa often simple. Pedicel r. rough.
I Eu Hylocomium.

A. Stem-leaves serrate only at apex. Branch-leaves sharply
Serrate or fimbriate also below middle. Branches subjulaceous
often turgid, i
1.H.pyrenaicum Spruce. — Hypnum Spr.; Hylocomium Lindb.;

ypnum fimbriatum Hartman; H. Oakesii Sull. ic. m.; Hylo-
comium Schimp.

_ Leaves orange at insertion; alar cells not defined; costa often
Simple. Stem-leayes ovate acute sometimes short-acuminate;

^ MER aes

branch-leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate often long-acu-
minate. Capsule suboval; lid conic mamillate. Stem red; pa-
raphylia numerous. R. fruiting. — Earth and rocks prine. in
alps gen. r. Hur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: Hartman. Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. x

B. Leaves denticulate or serrate all around. Branches not
turgid.

a. Leaves green; costa double. v:
2.H.brevirostre Ehrhart. — Hypnum Ehrh.: Hylocomium |
Br. eur. e.

Stem with numerous paraphyllia.’ Leaves diversiform: an-
gular cells small suboblong hyaline, the lower (special alar)
brown somewhat large. Stem-leaves from very broad-cordate
base abruptly tapering to a narrowly subulate acumen, brown
at insertion, minutely denticulate. Branch-leaves serrate ovate-
oblong gen. gradually acuminate. Perichetial leaves pale green
abruptly narrowed to the dentate us. subulate, patent or de-
flexed acumen, often serrate below it. Capsule oval-oblong
curved; lid us. rostellate. — Earth, stone and trees. Eur. not
r. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Mosér.
U. 8: A. G. Wetherby. i
8.H.calvescens Wilson. — Pleurozium Kindb. rev. bryol. 189

Stem with few paraphyllia. Leaves uniform subdistant dei
ticulate from cordate broad-ovate base gradually long-acuminate;
angular cells large hyaline, only the lowest brown. Perichetial
leaves hyaline nearly gradually narrowed to the serrate falca:
filiform-pointed acumen. Capsule suboval. curved; lid mamillate
or subacute. Very. r. fruiting. Resembles the last and Hyp
num squarrosum, from which it differs in leaves not falca
when moist, shorter pedicel of capsule etc. — Earth in woods
r. Eur. Sweden: Hj. Holmgren, com. M. Huss; Arnell; E. Ny
man; P. Dusén. Norway: Zetterstedt. Finl: V. F. Brotherus.

b. Leaves serrate sometimes brown-green; costa simple. Pa
raphyllia few.
4.H.striatum Schreber. — Hypnum Schreb.; Hylocomium
Kindb. Laubm. Sehw. u. Norw.; Eurhynehium Br. eur.

Leaves subdistant green very plicate when dry; alar cells
few large subrectangular hyaline; costa vanishing in acumen
Stem-leaves broad-ovate obtusate; branch-leaves acuminate nar-
rower; perichetial hyaline with dilated celle, denticulate above
middle of basal part. Capsule large arcuate finally blackish
lid rostrate. Stem not decumbent; branches distant often attenuate.

= 4$ —

Not r. fruiting. Earth and stone in woods. Eur. not uncommon.
Sweden, Germany, France, Switzerl.!

5.H.meridionale Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; Hylocomium
Kindb.

Leaves crowded brown-green faintly striate; angular cells nu-
merous oval-rectangular not large, lower dusky. . All leaves
long-aeuminate with very broad subcordate base, often filiform-
pointed, nearly spreading when moist; costa vanishing at base.
of acumen. Perichetial leaves yellow. with very narrow cells,
.dentieulate only at acumen Capsule small subobovate brown;
lid rostellate; pedicel much shorter than in the last. Stem
decumbent; branches crowded obtuse often curved. Very. r.
fruiting. — On stone r. Eur. France: Husnot; Philibert; Ber-
thoumieu. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli. Spain: Dieck, com. Roell.

II. Pleurozium Sullivant.
6.H.proliferum L. — Hypnum L.; Hylocomium Lindberg;
H. splendens (Hedw.) Br. eur.

Basal stem-leaves long-acuminate us. hyaline; middle (larger)
Stem-leaves | decurrent ovate-oblong abruptly short-acuminate,
serrate above middle; basal cells numerous purplish or r. orange,
angular dilated subrectangular. Branch-leaves suboblong obtusate
often acute, minutely denticulate above. Capsule suboblong or

arcuate; lid rostrate; pedicel long. Stem proliferous by new

. Shoots; branches large distant. — Earth in woods common,

. Eur. Sweden ete.! Amer.: Macoun ete.
T.H.alaskanum James. — Hypnum Jam.; Hylocomium Kindb.

Less robust than the last, often simply pinnate; branches us.
crowded. — Stem-leaves smaller not decurrent more crowded,
ovate obtuse or short-pointed, faintly serrulate above; lower

. basal cells reddish not numerous, angular indistinct. Branch-
. leaves subovate or suboblong gen. obtuse nearly entire. Cap-
sules unknown. — On earth in open heaths prine. in alps. -
Eur, Norway! Sweden (below alps)! Spetsbergen: R. Gyllen-
creutz. Switzerl: Culmann, com. Husnot. Amer. Alaska: J. M.
; Macoun; Dall, herb. James, com, C. Mueller. Can.: Macoun;
.. Waghorne,

= ILL. | Hyocomium Br. eur. in part. d

S Humbratum Ehrhart. — Hypnum Ehrh.; Hylocomium
CnBü o. : in fey
., Leaves sharply fimbriate, at least those of branches; lower
basal cells dilated. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate;
branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate. Capsule oval-oblong; lid cepi

— ee

apiculate; pedicel faintly rough. Not often fruiting. — Stones,
logs and earth in woods. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
r. Can: Macoun; Waghorne. ?
9.H.flagellare Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.; Hylocomium Kindb.
Laubm. S. u. N. ;
Leaves sharply serrate all around; angular cells dilated oval-
oblong very numerons. Stem-leaves from short base long-acu-
minate, sometimes filiform-pointed; branch-leaves shorter-acu-
minate. Capsule oblong; lid apiculate. R fruiting. — Wet
rocks near running water r. Eur. Spain! Engl.: Holt.
IV. Hypnopsis Kindb.
A. Pedicel of capsule smooth. Costa of leaves us. double.
a. Leaves denticulate mamillose very large, squarrose.
10.H.triquetrum L. — Hypnum L.; Hylocomium Sch.
Leaves densely crowded, often striate; nerves us. two. Stem-
leaves ovate-cordate acute sometimes short-acuminate; branch-
leaves longer-acuminate; angular cells dilated subrectangular
hyaline. Capsule arcuate, striate when dry; teeth purplish;
cilia long; lid acute or apiculate. Stem erect. Earth in woods
gen. common. — Eur.! Amer.: Macoun etc.
b. Leaves not mamillose, appressed when dry; those of ste
entire or indistinctly denticulate.
11.H.Sehreberi Willdenow. — Hypnum W.; Hylocomium
Kindb.; Hylocomium parietinum Lindberg.
Stem red; branches gen. not turgid. Leaves not or faint
striate; upper cells lanceolate, middle sublinear, lower inn
oblong-lanceolate often yellow; angular cells suboval red-yello
special alar not well-defined; costa short double. Stem-leav
broad-ovate entire obtuse or apiculate; branch-leaves oblo
subacute denticulate at apex. Capsule suboblong arcuate; teet
pale; segments open in middle; lid acute; pedicel long or sho:
Not r. fruiting. — Earth in woods and heaths common. Eur
Amer. Macoun etc.
12.H.purum L. — Hypnum L.; Hylocomium Notaris.
Stem pale or yellowish; branches turgid. Leaves striate u
green; cells green, lowest basal large suboval, alar not muc
larger, the others gen. linear; costa short double or simf
reaching above middle. Stem-leaves round-oval abruptly narr
wed to a short subulate point, nearly entire; branch-leavt
suboblong subacute denticulate all around. Capsule subobl
arcuate; teeth yellow; segments split in middle; lid rostellat
pedicel us. long. R. fruiting. — Earth in woods and hea h

Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. »Mi-
quelon isl.»: Cardot.

B. Pedicel of capsule rough. Costa of leaves simple.
13.H.megaptilum Sullivant, — Camptothecium Sull. icon.
musc.; Hylocomium Kindb.

Stem pale, branches thick not distinetly turgid. Leaves pli-
cate shining not decurrent, green or finally yellowish, larger
than in the last; costa dentate at back vanishing near or above
middle. Stem-leaves entire broadly ovate-oblong abruptly nar-
rowed to a somewhat long subulate filiform-pointed acumen;
alar cells few small suboval, the others linear. Branch-leaves
denticulate above middle, serrate in upper part, gen. ovate-
oblong, obtusate with short broad subacute point; apical cells
lanceolate-oblong, the others linear exc. the alar. Perichetial
leaves long-subulate. Capsule large oval-oblong or arcuate;
teeth yellow; segments entire; cilia long appendiculate; pedicel
often long. Often pseudo-monoecious. — On ground in woods
r Amer. U. S. princ. in Pacif. distr: Hall and Howell, com.
Macoun; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton.

39. Girgensohnia (Lindberg, as subgenus) Kindb.
1.G.ruthenica Weinmann. — Hypnum Weinm.; Climacium
Lindb.; Sulliv. icon. m.

Lower stem-leaves squamiform hyaline entire. Other stem-
leaves broad round-ovate obtuse short-pointed; branch-leaves
broadly ovate-lanceolate subobtuse long-decurrent, denticulate
below middle, sharply serrate above; upper cells lanceolate-
oblong, lower inner sublinear; costa dentate at back not per-
current. Capsule oblong-cylindric; lid conic acute or apiculate;
pedicel not long. — Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

40. Thamnium Bryol. eur.

À. Leaves sharply serrate above, gen. large; costa dentate
above or smooth, not percurrent. v

a. Stem-leaves broad subovate. Lid of capsule rostrate; cilia
of endostome long appendiculate.
1.T.alopecurum L. — Hypnum L.; Thamnium Br. eur.

Branches more or less compressed sometimes flagelliferous.
Middle stem-leaves ovate subobtuse or acute not fimbriate;
branch-leaves narrow- oblong acuminate acute; middle cells oval-
oblong, inner basal sublinear; costa dentate subpercurrent. Cap-
sule suboblong; pedicel nearly straight us. prolonged. Dioe-
“lous not often fruiting. — Shaded often damp rocks. Hur.
hot r. Sweden, Switzerl.!

= n

2.T.Leibergii Britton.

Differs from the last: Leaves broader, those of. branche
broadly oval-oblong less acuminate; cells larger, middle oval
lower oblong-linear; costa shorter. Capsule suboval; pedicel
somewhat short. — Damp rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U.S.
Roell; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton.

3.T.alleghaniense C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; Sulliv. icon
m.; Thamnium Schimper.

Branches turgid. Middle stem-leaves ovate obtuse often fim
briate above; branchleaves suboval obtusate subacute very con:
cave; cells not much larger than in T. alopecurum, middle oval
inner basal oblong-linear; costa thick nearly smooth not mucl
long. Capsule suboblong; pedicel curved not long. Sometimes
Synoecious or monoecious. — Damp rocks and shaded banks
Amer. not r. Can. r.: Macoun. U. S- Austin, com. Macoun.

b. Stem-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate. Capsules unknown

4.T.Toccoxw Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Anomodon S. et Lq.
Sull. icon. musc.; Thamnium Kindb i

Branches turgid often curved. Leaves sharply serrate
fimbriate above; cells very small nearly. all uniform seria
costa smooth subpercurrent. Stem-leaves acute with short
acumen or point, faintly recurved below; inner cells subova
few apical sometimes sublinear. Branch-leaves smaller nar
wer longer-acuminate more distinctly recurved. Periche
leaves narrow filiform-pointed costate. — Rocks r. Amer. U.
Georgia: Lesquereux, com. Renauld; Small, com. Roell. i

€. Leaves narrow, those of stem .lanceolate-linear, thos
branches sublanceolate. Capsules unknown.

5.T.angustifolium Holt.

Middle stem-leaves acuminate serrate; middle and lower e
suboval; costa thick very broad below. Branches. more slend
than in T. alopecurum. — Wet rocks r. Eur. Engl. G. A. Ho

B. Leaves small narrow sharply serrate all around; cos
dentate at back in its whole length, percurrent or subexcurren
Capsules unknown. | ;
6.T.miero-alopecurum Kindb. rey. bryol. 1895. c

Leaves suboblong decurrent: cells nearly uniform ro
rhombic or subquadrate; costa narrow. Stem low; branc
turgid, — Amer. r, U. $, Oregon: J, A. Hertzman, com.

Nyman 1886.

— Wb

Fam. 12. Thuidiacez.

41. Myurella Bryol. eur.

A. Leaves densely crowded not acuminate, soon becoming
whitish green. Perichetial leaves subulate-acuminate r. with
filiform point. Capsule with very short or indistinct neck.
1.M.julacea Villars. — Hypnum Vill; Myurella Br. eur.

Leaves round-ovate obtuse faintly denticulate us. not strongly
papillose, r. with short filiform point. Capsule suboblong;
cilia short; lid conic. Tufts sparingly, gen. only at base, radi-

culose. R. fruiting. — On rocks or on base of trees. Eur.
not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
*M-gracillima Kindb. n. subsp. — M. julacea var. gracilis

Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw.

Leaves, at least the upper, acute with filiform point, smaller
than in our other species. Tufts compact densely radiculose also
above. Capsules unknown. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway near
Kongsvold!

B. Leaves distant acuminate filiform-pointed; perichetial also
With filiform point. Capsule distinctly necked. R. fruiting.
2.M.tenerrima Bridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid. 1819; Myu-
rella Lindb.; M. apiculata (Hueb.) Br. eur.

Leaves slightly papillose faintly denticulate not much distant,
subovate nearly gradually acuminate. Capsule obovate; cilia
long; lid conie. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway! »Amer.»: Berg-
gren; Lesq. et Jam.
3.M.gracilis Weinmann. — Hypnum Wm. 1845; Myurella
. Lindb; M. Careyana Sulliv. ie. m.

Leaves very papillose coarsely dentate or fimbriate gen. much
distant, broad-ovate abruptly acuminate. Capsule thick piri-
form; cilia sometimes short; lid obtuse. — Limestone rocks.
Bur. r. Austria: Breidler, com. Warnstorf. Amer. less r. Can.:
Macoun; Moser; Waghorne.

42. HMeterocladium Bryol. eur.

A. Leaves distinctly dimorphous. Stem with paraphyllia.
a. Leaves smooth, r. mamillose at apex. :
1-H. proeurrens Mitten. — Pterogonium Mitt.; Heterocladium
Kindb.; Macoun Canad. musci n. 498; Hypnum, subg. Hetero-
cladium, Lesq. et Jam.; Heterocladium aberrans Ren. et Card.
Leaves denticulate all around, not distinctly recurved, distant,
Spreading when dry; costa double. Stem-leaves from ovate
base gradually tapering to a long filiform or subulate point,

—-— X us

decurrent; alar celle suboval, apical and inner basal subline
the others oval-oblong. Branch-leaves ovate mostly obtus
sometimes short-acuminate or apiculate; cells suboval except
the inner basal. Outer perichetial leaves suboblong with long
narrow falcate acumen; inner much narrower, gradually subu-
late and nerveless with linear cells. Capsule inclined oval not
curved (in Canadian specimens), sometimes (according to figu-
res by Renauld and Cardot) suboblong oblique or faintly curved;
teeth yellow; segments rimose; cilia short nodose; lid high con-
vex with short point; pedicel smooth 1,5—3 centim. long.
Stem pinnate. Tufts green very loose. Dioecious. — On wet
rocks and base of trees in alp. regions; Amer, Western slope
r. Can: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. r
b. Leaves papillose; apical cells (at least on stem-leaves)
narrow, also the inner basal. ; n
2.H.squarrosulum Voit. — Hypnum Voit; Heterocladium
Lindb.; Hypnum dimorphum Brid.; Heterocladium Br. eur.
Leaves denticulate all around, not recurved, pellucid; ini
cells gen. rotundate; costa us. double. Stem-leaves from roun
ovate decurrent base gen. long-acuminate, r. obtuse, us. spr
ding when dry. Branch-leaves broad-ovate obtusate or shot
acuminate, often appressed when dry. Outer perichetial leav
nerveless with falcate acumen. Capsule inclined subovate
arcuate; teeth yellow; segments rimose; cilia long; lid subcom
Stem often subpinnate; branches obtuse. Dioecious r. frui L
— Earth and rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Swit
Amer. eastern distr. r. Can.: Moser; Waghorne. i
3.H.Austini Sullivant. — Leskea Sull. ic. musc.; Heterocladiu
Kindb. 2
Leaves entire, slightly recurved below, ovate at base, n
spreading when dry; costa simple faint sometimes prolonged
acumen. Stem-leaves short-acuminate; branch-leaves with lo
ger, subulate acumen. Perichetial leaves with subfiliform poin
inner erect. Capsule suboblong erect; lid obtuse; endoston
unknown. Stem not pinnate. Monoecious. — Trees and sto!
walls r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. — The figur
by Sullivant not are exactly agreeing with typical specimen
B. Leaves uniform papillose denticulate not recurved,
spreading when dry; upper cells short wide, alar not detine
costa not reaching above middle. Capsules unknown.
irregularly divided without paraphyllia. Dioecious.
4.H.triste Cesati. — Leskea Ces.; Heterocladium Kindb.; A
modon Sullivant.

es ME LS

Leaves brittle from subovate base contracted to a sublinear
obtuse acumen, denticulate all around, distant but not decurrent;
cells round-hexagonal except some oblong near the simple costa.
Tufts loose blackish green when dry. — Rocks and trees r.
Eur. Italy, Switzerl.! Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun; James,
com. Boswell.
5.H.frullaniopsis C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves not brittle, round-oval obtusate cochleariform, minu-
tely denticulate above middle, decurrent; upper cells rhombic,
lower oblong; costa more or less distinct, sometimes stout and
simple. Tufts dark green. — Trees r. Amer. Can. N. Brunsw.:
Moser, com. Macoun.

43. Pseudoleskeella Kindb., new genus.

A. Leaves distinctly denticulate.

a. Leaves dimorphous; those of stem acuminate acute.
l.P.heteroptera Bruch. — Pterogonium Bruch; Heterocladium
Br. eur.

Leaves opake very papillose, ovate-oblong serrulate all around,
slightly recurved near base; cells gen. rotundate-quadrate.
Stem-leaves gen. longer-acuminate; inner basal cells elongate;
costa pellucid us. double. Branch-leaves subdistant often ob-
tuse. Capsule small suboval sometimes erect; teeth pale, seg-
ments rimose as high; cilia long; lid obliquely rostrate; pedicel
short. Stem r. subpinnate; branches attenuate or acute, fasci-
culate or distant, often flagellate. Dioecious very r. fruiting.
-— Rocks r. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.:
Macoun; Drummond n. 219. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.

2 P.vaneouveriensis Kindb.; Thuidium bull. Torr. club XVII;
Heterocladium cat. Canad. m.

Differs from the last: Leaves pellucid faintly papillose, below
middle entire and often recurved; cells larger gen. more rotun-
date or suboval; costa of stem-leaves simple opake. Capsule
sometimes horizontal; lid conic acuminate. Stem subpinnate;
branches short r. flagellate. Monoecious. — Rocks r. Amer.
Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.
3.P.dentieulata Sullivant. — Leskea Sull. ie. m.; Hypnum
fabroniefolium C. M. syn. :

Leaves pellucid faintly papillose minutely denticulate nearly
all around; alar cells quadrate sometimes dilated, marginal
rhombic, the others gen. suboblong; costa double very short
or indistinct. Stem-leaves from round-ovate base abruptly E
long-acuminate; branch-leaves subovate short-acuminate concave

= We

faintly recurved below at one side. Capsule suboval ubere
teeth yellow scarcely higher than the rimose segments; cil
rudimentary or wanting; lid rostrate or rostellate; pedicel shor
Tufts bright green. Branches somewhat compressed. Dioecior
r. fruiting. — Base of trees r. Amer. U. S. middle and soutl
states: Austin, com. Macoun.

b. Leaves nearly uniform.
4.P.oceidentalis Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. icon. m.

Leaves pellucid nearly smooth obtusate obtuse subovate o
ovate-oblong, denticulate above, faintly recurved at base; alar
cells small quadrate, inner basal lanceolate, the others gen.
rhombic-oval; costa often indistinct sometimes reaching to middle
Capsule suboval straight suberect or inclined oblong slightl
curved; segments entire as high as teeth; cilia nodose shorter;
lid conie rostellate: pedicel not long. Tufts green silky glossy.
Stem irregularly branching or subbipinnate. Habit of Pterygy
nandrum in sterile state. — Base of trees r. Amer. Pacif. dis T
Can. Macoun. »U. S. Hall: Sullivant. — Not described ii
Lesq. et Jam. man.
5.P.homalostegia C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M. in Flora 18

»Leaves faintly papillose obsoletely denticulate not recury
from cordate base broad-ovate short-acuminate, suberect wh
moist; alar cells quadrate, the others narrowly elliptic; co: "
short double. Capsule subeylindrie asymmetric horizontal; teeth
red; segments yellow; cilia short; lid nearly flat with sh
point; pedicel not long. Tufts dusky green. Branches ju
ceous; stem creeping. Monoecious. — Bark of trees r. A
U. S. Alabama: Mohr»: €. M. : :

faintly papillose. Dioecious.
. 4. Leaves quite entire; cells rotundate exc. the alar. ^ ^
6.P.catenulata Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Pseudoleskea Br. et

“Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong acute or subobtuse sometimes
short-acuminate, faintly recurved near base, crowded; cos
vanishing near middle or shorter. Perichetial leaves subobl T
acuminate costate. Capsule oblong arcuate; teeth yellow; seg
ments rimose nearly as high; cilia shorter not appendiculat
lid rostellate. Tufts us. brownish or ferruginous. Stem cree-
ping irregularly pinnate, us. rigid when dry. R. fruiting.
On rocks or r. at base of trees, Eur. hot r. Switzerl. fruiti
Sweden, Norway! =

* P.laxifolia Kindberg. — Pseudoleskea | eatenulata *laxifolia
Kindb. revue bryol. 1892. |

= 05 =

Leaves larger, green broad-ovate recurved to middle, some-
what distant; costa stronger. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r.
Eur. Switzerl.!
7.P.malacoclada C. M. et Kindb. — Pseudoleskea cat. Can. m.

Leaves subulate-acuminate recurved near base; costa very
short or indistinct. Stem-leaves from broad round ovate base
abruptly narrowed; branch-leaves more gradually tapering. Pe-
richetial leaves nerveless with patent or curved acumen. Cap-
sules unknown. Stem sparingly radiculose not rigid. Tufts
green or finally fuscescent. Habit of the last. — Dry rocks r.
Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
8.P.Wollei Austin: — Leskea Aust; L. cyrtophylla Kindb.
cat. Can. m.

Leaves from broadly round-ovate base short-acuminate, recur-
ved below; costa indistinct. Tufts dark-green or brown, nearly
eradieulose. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

b. Leaves often sinuolate above; cells more or less elongate.
9.P.papillosa Lindberg. — Leskea or Heterocladium Lindb.;
Pseudoleskea Schimper.

Leaves very small broad-ovate g«n. short-acuminate; costa
sometimes forked; inner basal cells of stem-leaves elongate, the
others gen. oval. Tufts dark green. Branches not flagellate.
Capsules and flowers unknown. — Rocks r. Eur. Norway! Finl.:
.R. Hult. Sweden: E. Nyman.

44. Pseudoleskea Bryol. eur. in part.

I. Eu-Pseudoleskea. Leaf-cells gen. dilated, more or less
papillose, Endostomial segments not split.

Il. Ptyehodium. Leafcells narrow, us. smooth or faintly
papillose. Endostomial segments not split.

1. Eu-Pseudoleskea.

A. Peristome orange or yellow. Terminal branch-leaves
strongly papillose.

a. Leaves not squarrose, gen. crowded.

L.P.atrovirens Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.; Pseudoleskea Br. eur.

Leaves from ovaté-oblong base narrowed to a subulate serru-
late gen. long acumen; inner cells us. rhombic-oval. ‘Terminal
branch-leaves with suboval apical cells. Perichetial leaves smooth

fübulate-acuminate nearly- entire; costa short faint. Capsule
oval-oblong gen. asymmetric; segments nearly as high as teeth,
Often split; cilia rudimentary or wanting; lid conie acute. Tufts —
not densely radiculose, us. brown with green branch-tops. -
Branches us, subpinnate with numerous branchlets. — Rocks |

ae B6 —

princ. in alps. Eur. not r. Switzerl.! Amer. N. Foundl: Wag-
horne. »Greenl»: Lange.
* P-filamentosa Dickson. — Hypnum D.; Pseudoleskea Boula
Tufts us. green. Leaves less papillose; inner cells narrow
— Rocks. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Italy: Arcangeli.
* P.tenella Kindb. n. subsp. ee
Leaves smaller entire very papillose; cells rotundate. . Ca
sules unknown. — Amer. r. Canada: Waghorne.
2.P.ticinensis Bottini. — »P. patens»: Limpricht. :
Differs from P. atrovirens: Branches irregularly divided; ter
minal branch-leaves longer-acuminate, strongly papillose nearly
all around. Capsule arcuate. — Alps r. Eur. Switzerl.: Bottini; Mari.

3.P.brachyelados Schwegrichen, — Leskea Schw.; Pseudole-
skea Kindb.

R. fruiting. — Alp. rocks. Eur. notr. Norway, Switzerl.! Spain mon
Maladetta! Austria: Venturi. France: Husnot. i
* P.borealis Kindb. n. subsp.
Stem-leaves subovate broader; terminal branch-leaves mo
strongly papillose. Stem very radiculose. Capsules not fo
— Rocks r. Eur. in northern districts also below alps. Norwa;
Sweden in Wermland: Miss O. Cron.
4.P.patens Lindberg. — Lesquereuxia Lindb.; Pseudolesk:
Kindb. check-list of Eur. and N. Amer. mosses 1894; Limpricht 189:
Differs from P. brachyclados: Leaves entire; costa shorter u
vanishing below acumen. Branches sparingly irregularly divide
Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Eur. below alp. districts. S
den: O. Nordstedt etc.
b. Leaves loosely disposed horizontally squarrose when moist.
5.P.heterocladioides Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. da
Leaves as in P. atrovirens but gen. entire, only those :
branches slightly serrulate above. Perichetial leaves entire fil
form-pointed nearly nerveless. Capsule asymmetric subobovate:
segments rimose not split; cilia. nodose; lid rostellate. Ste
as in P. atrovirens. "Tufts bright green. — Rocks r.
Norway near Trondhjem: 1. Hagen. — >P. patens» Limprit
B. Peristome pale. Leaves faintly papillose,

‘he ee,

6.P.faleieuspis C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate nearly entire, more or less
acuminate; cells oval-oblong. Perichetial leaves abruptly narro-
wed to a somewhat short (subulate or subfiliform) often falcate
acumen, entire and faintly papillose; costa faint. Capsule obo-
vate subsymmetric; endostomial segments lower than teeth;
pedicel short; cilia and lid not seen. Tufts sparingly radiculose
green or olivaceous. Branches subjulaceous subpinnate; brancb-
lets numerous. Corresponding to P. brachyclados. — Rocks in
alp. region r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. 8: Roell.
7.P.oligoclada Kindb. bull. Tor. club XVII, 1890.

Leaves from broad-ovate base abruptly narrowed to a longer
subulate nearly entire acumen, densely crowded not decurrent;
uppermost cells narrow, the others round-quadrate very small
with incrassate walls and not confluent. Perichetial leaves
longer-acuminate. Tufts sparingly radiculose dark brown. Bran-
ches irregularly divided; branchlets few distant. Capsules un-
known. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun; Roell,
com. Cardot.

IL. Ptychodium Schimper in part.

A. Leaves somewhat large, often (also when dry) distinctly
faleate, gen. smooth; costa not excurrent. Stem-leaves gen.
entire. Habit of Hypnum (Cupressina) or Brachythecium.
8.P.plieata Schleicher. — Hypnum Schl.; Pseudoleskea Kindb.;
Lesquereuxia Lindb.; Ptychodium Schimper.

Leaves large not or slightly decurrent, from ovate-oblong or
ovate-lanceolate base long-acuminate subulate; upper cells linear,
middle lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate. Branch-leaves us. den-
ticulate near apex. Perichetial leaves acuminate often costate,
inner with subulate acumen. Capsule suboblong us. finally
arcuate; peristome orange or yellow; segments not lower, us.
not rimose, their basal membrane nearly half as high; cilia
rudimentary; lid short-conic obtuse or acute; pedicel 1—2 c. m.
long. Tufts loose nearly eradiculose, brown at least below.
Stems much ramose often subpinnate. R. fruiting. — On rocks
or on ground in alp. woods gen. r. Eur. Switzerl. not r.! Swe-
den: Lindberg.

*P.rhetiea Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves entire shorter and somewhat smaller, from subovate
base less gradually attenuate and shorter acuminate, more
appressed when dry. Outer perichetial leaves abruptly acumi-
nate with short or indistinct costa, inner nerveless obtusate

i

e «e a

obtuse or short-pointed. Capsule erect symmetric; segmen!
rimose. Tufts brown gen. eradiculose. — Alp. rocks r. E
Switzerl. near Churwalden in Graubuenden 1888!
9.P.affinis Limpricht. — Ptychodium Lpr.; Pseudoleskea Kindl

Differs from P. plicata: »Leaves long-decurrent narrower and
narrowly reflexed, those of branches costate to middle. Para-
phyllia few. Capsules unknown. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Austria:
Breidler»: Limpricht. |

10.P.hyperborea C. Mueller. — Ptychodium C. M. in litt.;
Pseudoleskea Kindb. :

Differs from P. plicata: Leaves shorter and broader, all el
tire; those of stem ovate short-acuminate, those of branc 1€
from ovate base long-acuminate or ovate-lanceolate. Branches
simple julaceous. Capsules not seen. — Arctic district r. Eur.
Norway near Nord-Cap 1899: W, Baur, com. C. Mueller.
11.P.seiuroides Kindb. bull. Tor. club XVII.

Leaves from ovate base narrowed to a shorter (subulate
filiform) nearly entire acumen, not decurrent; cells hyaline,
only ai insertion yellow, upper lanceolate, middle oblong-lanceo-
late. Perichetial leaves more attenuate to the subdenticulate
acumen; costa none or indistinct. Capsule oblong suberect 1
inclined; peristome orange; teeth hyaline-bordered without
stinct longitudinal line; segments scarcely lower; their basal
membrane very low; cilia not appendiculate; pedicel 1,5 c.
long; lid not seen. Tufts loose sparingly radieulose pale ret
Branches few curved irregularly divided. — Rocks r. A
Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. ;
* P.denudata Kindb. (cat. Can. m. as var.) n. subsp. :

Stems very long about 10 c. m., nearly simple, naked bel
without rhizoids. Capsules unknown. — Rocks in higher al
region r. Amer, Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. ; Ah

B. Leaves not large, nearly appressed when dry, not
slightly curved, us. denticulate at acumen. Habit of Lescuri

a. Leaves distinctly papillose; costa sometimes excurrent.
12.P.rigeseens Wilson. — Leskea Wils.; Pseudoleskea Lindb.
Hypnum radicosum Lesq. et Jam.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate or from broad base long-acuminat
often long-decurrent; upper cells sublinear, middle suboblon
costa not exeurrent. Perichetial leaves abruptly filiform-pointe
smooth nearly entire; costa short faint.
oblong curved; peristome pale or
short obtuse; pedicel 1—2 ¢.

radiculose. Branches subpinnate, branchlets numerous. — Trees
and rocks. Amer. princ. in alp. regions of Pacif. distr., there
corresponding to P. atrovirens. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.:
J. Macoun; Drummond n, 225. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.
13.P.bieolor Kindberg n. sp. (Lescursea?).

Differs from the last: Leaves longer-acuminate, their middle
cells sublanceolate. Costa of stem-leaves long-excurrent. Cap-
sules unknown. Tufts sparingly radiculose, dark brown with
green branch-tops. Stem irregularly divided. — Schistose alp.
rocks r. Eur. Sweden in Lapland near lake Virijaur: E. Ny- -
man 1893.

14.P.atricha Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1893.

' Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate; cells sublanceolate con-
flated irregularly sinuous; costa not excurrent. Capsules un-
known. Tufts brownish or olivaceous with green branch-tops,
loosely cohering without rhizoids. Branches subjulaceous irre-
gularly divided; paraphyllia very few. — Rocks in higher alp.
region r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.

b. Leaves gen. smooth and long-acuminate; costa not excur-
rent. Capsule gen. symmetric suberect; peristome golden yellow. .

aa. Stem much divided. Endostomial segments broad rimose.
15-F deeipiens Limpricht. — Ptychodium Limpr.; Pseudoleskea

indb.

Leaves gen. denticulate above; upper cells linear, middle
lanceolate-oblong; costa vanishing below acumen. Stem-leaves
from subovate-oblong base abruptly tapering; branch-leaves
more gradually attenuate. Tufts green or yellowish. Branches
us. not curved. »Inner perichetial leaves gradually acuminate,
denticulate nearly all around; costa short faint. Capsule sub-
oval»: Limpricht. Confounded with Lescurwa striata “saxicola,
princ. differing in endostome and narrower leaf-cells. — Stone
in alp. region r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.!
16.P.Pfundtneri Limpr. — Ptychodium Lpr., Pseudoleskea

indb. :

»Leaves gradually acuminate gen. entire; upper cells subli-
near, the others rhomboidal or rhombic-hexagonal; costa sub-
percurrent, Stem-leaves from ovate-oblong base long-subulate;
branch-leaves lanceolate. Perichetial leaves abruptly long-subu-

late; costa indistinct. Capsule broad-oval strangulate; pedicel
. 5—7 m. m. long. Tufts pale or yellowish green. — Stone in
higher alp. region r. Zur. Austria, Germ., Switzerl.»: Limpricht.
bh. Stem nearly simple denudate below. Capsules unknown,

ion MS

17.P.Breidleri Kindb. (new name). — Ptychodium oligocladui
Limpricht 1895. ;

»Leaves from ovate base suddenly long‘subulate gen. entire,
pale or bright green; cells gen. sublanceolate; costa vanishin
below acumen. — Rocks in higher alp. region r. — Eur,
Salzburg: Breidler»: Limpricht. :

45. Thuidium Bryol. eur.

À. Leaves crisped when dry, not recurved, more or less
distant; cells gen. rotundate. Stem us. creeping; paraphyll
wanting. Pedicel of capsule short, sometimes rough. :
I. Claopodium. Leaves denticulate; those of branches narrowl
acuminate; cells round-oval or suboblong. Dioecious.

Il. Pseudo-Claepodium. Leaves us. entire, broadly short-acu-

minate or obtusate, very small; those of branches us. obtuse;
cells rotundate. Us. monoecious.

B. Leaves not (exe. T. minutulum) crisped, gen. appressed
when dry, often recurved, us. crowded; cells sometimes elon
gate. Stem often not creeping; paraphyllia us. numerous. Pe
dicel smooth. 7

à. Leaves small. Tufts intricate. Stem us. creeping; para-
phyllia short. Capsule small; pedicel us. not much long. SA
HI. Miero-Thuidium. Leaves us. faintly papillose; cells gen.
rotundate. Stem sometimes irregularly pinnate. Us. monoecious.

b. Stem-leaves gen. large. Tufts loose not intricate. Stem
r. creeping; paraphyllia us. long. Capsule large; pedicel v
long.

IV. Eu-Thuidium. Leaves us. very papillose; inner basal cells
sublinear or oblong, the others gen. rotundate, Stem bi-or tri-
pinnate; paraphyllia long. Dioecious r. fruiting. ;
V. Elodium. Leaves often faintly papillose or mamillose, some
times smooth; cells often elongate, the middle gen. suboblong.
Stem simply pinnate, not creeping; paraphyllia sometimes short.

Monoecious or dioecious.
I, Claopodium Sullivant.

A. Leaves of stem and branches with long hyaline hairpoint
Stem often without rhizoids, pinnate or with pinnate
branches. t

LT.erispifolium Hooker. — Hypnum Hook.: Thuidium Kindb4
Hypnum ramulosum Hampe.

Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate or from short round-ovate base
abruptly subulate; branch-leaves narrower; cells round-ov

Perichetial leaves costate hyaline, pale yellow at base. Capsule
suboval; teeth orange; segments split; cilia appendiculate; lid
short-beaked; pedicel rough. — Rocks also in alp. region. Amer.
Pacif. distr. Alaska:.J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun.

B. Leaves, at least those of branches, without distinct hair-
point. Stem creeping subpinnate or bipinnate.
2.T.leuconeuron Sulliv. et Lesquer.; Sull. icon. muscor.

Leaves approached when moist, smaller than in the last;
cells round-oval. Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate subulate or broad-
ovate obtuse with filiform point. Perichetial leaves nerveless.
Capsule small suboval; teeth pale; segments split; cilia nodose;
annulus large; lid with short thick often curved beak; pedicel
smooth. Tufts green. — Trees and rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
r. Can: Macoun. U. S.: Marshall A. Howe; Bolender, com.
C. Mueller.
3.T.Whipplei Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull.; Thuidium Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves larger longer narrower and more
distant; cells suboblong. »Pedicel of capsule rough; annulus
none; perichetial leaves costate»: Lesq. et Jam. — Rocks r.
Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun.

IL Pseudo-Claopodium Kindb.
LEM Schweegrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Thuidium
indb.

»Leaves denticulate. Stem-leaves from ovate base short-acu-
minate; branch-leaves ovate. Capsule globose-ovate; cilia short;
lid obliquely rostellate; pedicel rough. — Earth r. Amer.
Northwest coast: Menzies»: C. M. syn. '
5.T.pseudo-pygmsum Kindb. (new name). — Hypnum pyg-
meum Schimper, non Taylor; Sulliv. icon. muscor.; H. remo-
tifolium Greville?

Leaves entire opake short-acuminate very small; those of
stem ovate-oblong, those of branches somewhat longer; costa
often excurrent. Capsule very small suboval; cilia short; lid
tostrate; pedicel smooth. Stem pinnate or bipinnate. — Wet
rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun.

II. Micro-Thuidium Kindb. (in check-list).

A. Leaves crisped when dry; cells rotundate. Paraphyllia
humerous. Monoecious. :
6.T.minutulum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Thuidium Br. eur.

Leaves entire subovate opake; costa not exourrent. Stem-
leaves us. short-acuminate; branch-leaves obtuse shorter; costa
faint. Capsule small suboblong horizontal; cilia long; lid

T

long-rostrate; pedicel short. Stem pinnate or bipinnate. -
Rocks and trees. Eur. r. Germany: Schimper. Amer. Can,
Macoun; Moser. ;
B. Leaves not crisped; inner cells gen. round-oval. $
often pinnate; paraphyllia us. numerous. Monoecious. e
7.T.virginianum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid. 1827; Thuidiun
Lindb.; Hypnum punctulatum Notaris 1834; Thuidium Not. 1863.
Leaves denticulate often opake; eosta vanishing in acumel
or subexcurrent. Stem-leaves from round-ovate or ovate-oblon
base abruptly long-acuminate, less distinctly denticulate; branch:
leaves ovate oblong shorter-acuminate. Capsule red-brown us.
arcuate strangulate; lid conic or convex, rostellate or apiculate;
cilia long often appendiculate; pedicel long. Tufts green or
brown-green, — Logs and stone in woods. Eur. r. Switzerl.
Austria: Barth, com. Levier. Amer. Can. r.: Macoun. EA
* T.gracile Bruch et Schimper. — Hypnum B. S. 1843; Sull
icon. musc.; Thuidium Br. eur.
Leaves gen. less opake. Capsule us. red; lid subobtuse short
apiculate. — Amer. not r. in eastern distr. Can.: Macoun; Mo-
ser. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. iE
* 'T.pallens Lindberg. — T, lignicola Kindb. in Ottawa Natur. IV
Leaves more distinctly serrulate. Capsule pale; lid subobtuse

than in the last; costa us. vanishing below acumen. Stel
leaves from round-ovate base abruptly acuminate; branch-leav
ovate subobtuse. Capsule brown us. faintly curved not stran-
gulate; lid narrowly conic; cilia short not appendiculate; pedit
long. Tufts dark green. — Base of trees. Amer. not r. Can.: Macou
9.T.pseudo-gracile Kindb. n. sp.

Capsules unknown. — Diffie
and broader; costa percurre

er and more broadly revol
-leaves ovate-oblong acuminate acute. — Logs r. An

C. Leaves not erisped; inner cells gen.. suboblong. E
irregularly divided; paraphyllia few, — ó1à Cellar cf

—-— ke

10.T.pulehellum Notaris. — Amblystegium gracile Juratzka;
Pseudoleskea Schimper.

Leaves entire long-acuminate recurved below, faintly papillose;
cells gen. suboblong; costa often percurrent. Stem-leaves from
round-ovate base abruptly narrowed; branch-leaves ovate-oblong
or ovate-lanceolate more gradually narrowed, indistinctly sinuo-
late above, Perichetial leaves with long filiform point. Cap-
sule oblong arcuate; segments and cilia short; lid conic obtuse.
Tufts green, ferruginous below. Monoecious. — Resembling
Pseudoleskeella catenulata and Anomodon nervosus in habit but
easily distinct in narrower leaf-cells. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.:
Schimper.
11.T.algarvicum Schimper. — Leskea Sch.; Thuidium Kindb.;
T. Solmsii C. M. in herb.

Leaves denticulate not recurved, very papillose; middle cells
suboblong, upper and lower narrower; costa pereurrent. Stem-
leaves from ‚ovate-oblong base long-acuminate; branch-leaves
narrower, more distinctly serrulate all around. Capsules unknown.
Dioecious. — Eur. r. Portugal: Solms-Laubach, com. C. Mueller.

IV. Eu-Thuidium.

A. Leaves acute very papillose; inner basal cells linear-lan-
ceolate. Stem-leaves from broad-ovate base gen. long-acuminate;
branch-leaves denticulate very short-acuminate; costa short.

à. Apical cell of branch-leaves narrow acute smooth. Peri-
chetial leaves very papillose, fimbriate or long-ciliate.
12.T.tamariseinum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Thuidium Br.
eur.

Leaves of stem faintly recurved. Lid of capsule apiculate or
rostellate. Stem not creeping, us. tripinnate. — Earth and
stone in woods. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl, Germany! .

b. Apical cell of branch-leaves broad bifid. Perichetial leaves
smooth or sparingly papillose with few or none cilia and den-
ticulate acumen. à
13.T.delieatulum L. — Hypnum L.; Thuidium Mitten.

Stem-leaves recurved not long-acuminate, gen. entire. Peri-
chetial leaves sparingly papillose sometimes with a few cilia.
Capsule rostrate. Stem not creeping, us. bipinnate. — Earth
and stone in woods. Eur. r. Sweden! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun.
U.S. Wetherby; Langlois, com. Cardot. :
14.7.Philiberti Limpricht 1895. — T. recognitum var. radi-
cns Kindb. revue bryol. 1892; T. intermedium Philibert 1893;
T. pseudo-tamarisci Limpricht 1895. :

Differs from the last: Stems creeping, often tripinnate a
densely tufted. Stem-leaves larger and long-subulate. Periche
leaves smooth without cilia. Tufts dark green. Plants ge
smaller. — Earth and rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano anc
Faido! Amer. »U,. S.»: Best. i
15.T.recognitum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Thuidium Lindb. |

Stem-leaves gen. not recurved and not long acuminate,
denticulate. Perichetial leaves smooth without cilia. Capsult
apiculate. Stem not creeping or with few rhizoids at base, us.
bipinnate. — Stone and earth in woods. Eur. nearly commol
below alp. regions. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., France! Amer
less common. Can.: Macoun. cis

B. Leaves obtuse faintly papillose; those of stem broad-ovat
short-acuminate; inner basal cells oblong; branch-leaves obtusatt
nearly entire; costa long.
16.T.Alleni Austin. |

Leaves not reeurved, those of stem entire; cells gen. rotun
date, the apical one round-oval not bifid. Stem bipinnate no
creeping. Capsules unknown. — Peat-bogs r, Amer. U. $
Allen, com. Macoun.

V. Elodium Sullivant et Lesquereux. KE

A. Stem tomentose; paraphyllia long. Leaves large gen
faintly mamillose; those of stem pellucid; cells gen. oblon
lanceolate. Capsule arcuate. Monoecious often fruiting.

a. All leaves mamillose; those of branches not pellucid. —
17.T.Blandowii Weber et Mohr. — Hypnum W. M.; Thuidium
Br. eur.

Leaves from broad-ovate base long-aeuminate, faintly dentict
late all around; cells elongate gen. oblong-lanceolate, the basal
pale. Lid of capsule rostellate. Stem erect pale-tomentos
branches crowded us. elongate attenuate. — Peat-swamps an
wet meadows princ. in northern districts, Ewr. Sweden
Norway not r.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; White; Waghorne !
S.: Roell, com. Cardot. D
18.T.pseud-abietinum Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893. —
T. elodioides Renauld et Cardot in Hedwigia 1893.

Leaves orange at insertion; middle cells oval-oblong. Sten
leaves ovate short-acuminate faintly denticulate above. Branch |
leaves ovate-oval subobtuse more distinctly denticulate, ver
opake and mamillose or papillose on both sides. Stem brow
tomentose; branehes short distant. Lid of capsule not
— Woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roel.

= i 2

b. All leaves pellucid; those of stem smooth.
19.T.paludosum Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. ic. muse.; Thui-
dium Kindb.

Leaves orange at insertion; cells oblong-lanceolate. Stem-
leaves recurved ovate-lanceolate gradually long-acuminate, faintly
denticulate above. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong shorter-acuminate
faintly denticulate, slightly mamillose at back. Stem and
branches as in the last. — Peat-bogs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun;
White. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun; Roell, com. Cardot.

B. Stem not tomentose; paraphyllia short. Leaves opake
very papillose us. not large; cells gen. suboval. Capsule faintly
curved. Dioecious r. fruiting.
20.T.abietinum L. — Hypnum L.; Thuidium Br. eur.

Leaves brownish at insertion, appressed when dry, gen. not
recurved. Stem-leaves from ovate base abruptly short-acuminate,
entire or indistinctly crenulate. Branch-leaves subovate denti-
culate. Branches us. distant and brown-green. — Dry earth
and stones r. in wet places. Eur. common. Sweden fruiting,
Norway, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun.

* T.hystricosum Mitten; Braithwaite.

Leaves larger, less appressed when dry us. green; cells often
suboblong. Capsules unknown. — Calcareous prine. wet hills
r. Eur. Switzerl. near Freiburg 1855!

*T.pachycladon Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893.

Leaves large, orange at insertion; those of stem ovate-lanceo-
late gradually long-acuminate; cells princ. the uppermost sub-
oblong. Branches green crowded. Habit of T. Blandowii. Cap-
sules unknown. — Wet places r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.

Fam. 13. Hypnacee.

46. Pylaisia Bryol. eur.
LIntrieatz?. | Endostomial segments cohering to above middle
With teeth. Branches julaceous often curved. Tufts very in-
tricate green or dark green. Leaves entire, those of stem de-
current; alar cells small green very numerous. Capsule oblong
or oval; teeth yellow. Spores large.
2.Polyanthoidew. Endostome not cohering with teeth. Bran-
ches gen. not julaceous. Tufts less intricate. Leaves not
distinctly decurrent, often denticulate; alar cells less numerous.
Capsule often subcylindric; teeth often pale. Spores gen. small.

1. Intricate.
A. Leaves with ovate-lanceolate base; cells narrow sublan-

qt Ceolate, Capsule oblong.

1.P.intricata Hedwig. — Pterigynandrum H.; Pylaisia Schir
per; Sulliv. icon. m. A
Leaves long-acuminate us. faintly recurved; perichetial sub
near-lanceolate not plicate, the inner with short subulate poin
Lid of capsule with short oblique beak. Branches crowde
Tufts green. — Trees and logs. Amer. not r. Can.: Macow
U. S: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller. Eur. r. »Russia near
Svir»: Elfving.
2.P.ontariensis C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. TY
Differs from the last: Leaves more recurved and sho ti
acuminate; perichetial plicate ovate-oblong short-acuminate í
obtusate. Peristomial teeth broader; lid obtuse. Branches les
crowded. Tufts often dark green. — Trees. Amer. Can. eastern
distr. not r: Macoun; Moser. ^
B. Leaves with short base; cells. dilated.
3.P.Selwyni Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist II. THAM
Leaves subovate us. recurved to the short acumen; cells gen.
suboblong. Perichetial leaves not plieate, ovate oblong lo
acuminate often filiform-pointed. Capsule broad-oval; lid obt
Branches crowded. Tufts dark green or brown. — Trees
Amer. Can.: Macoun; Dearness and White. U. 8: Roell.
4.P.cyrtophylla Kindb. n. sp.
Leaves broad-ovate gen. obtusate obtuse, not or slightly
curved; cells oval, larger than in the 3 last species. Bran
crowded. Tufts green. Capsules unknown. Old logs r. Am
Can. Peace river: Macoun 1872.
2. Polyanthoides.
A. Leaves distinctly denticulate.
5.P.heteromalla Bruch et Schimper.
Leaves larger than in P. polyanthos; inner basal cells.
insertion) suboval not yellow, the others linear-lanceolate
the alar. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong filiform-pointed not
ved; branch-leaves shortly acuminate-subulate. Capsule
oblong; teeth dark yellow; cilia none; lid subobtuse. Brancl
us. curved and yellowish. — Trees and stones r. Amer. Ca
Macoun.
6.P.pseudo-platygyrium Kindb. cat. Canad. m. na
ves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate filiform-pointed, o
recurved to acumen; inner basal and alar cells orange,
others sublinear. Capsule subeylindric pale with dark
border at mouth; peristome | pale; segments widely ope
middle, basal membrane low; lid short-pointed. Tufts br
green. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun: U. $.: Roell.

— EC

7.P.filari-acuminata C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves as in the last but smaller; inner basal pale, the
others sublinear exc. the alar. Capsule subcylindric brick-red;
teeth yellow; segments rimose or narrowly open in middle,
basal membrane elevate; lid conic obtuse. Tufts bright green.
— Trees r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.

B. Leaves entire or the uppermost faintly sinuolate.

a. Stem-leaves recurved to the middle of basal borders; alar
cells about 15— 20. Stem creeping, sometimes with paraphyllia.
Tufts green us. silky glossy.
8.P.polyanthos Schreber. — Hypnum Schr.; Pylaisia Br. eur.

Stem-leaves ovate-oblong filiform-pointed, yellow at insertion;
cells sublinear-lanceolate exc. the alar. Branch-leaves ovate-
lanceolate with subsubulate acumen or short filiform point,
gen. not recurved. Perichetial leaves filiform- pointed. Capsule
suboblong or subcylindrie, contracted at mouth; teeth pale yellow;
segments split; cilia rudimentary or wanting; lid short-pointed.
Stem pinnate. Tufts green. — On trees, r. on rocks or roofs.
Eur. common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.
not r.: Macoun.

b. Leaves not or near base recurved, entire; alar cells few
not well defined. Stem not creeping. Tufts not or faintly
glossy.
9.P.sueeiea Br. eur. — Thedenia Br. eur.; Pylaiea Lindberg.

Leaves small ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, often long-acu-
minate; lower cells suboblong, middle rhombic-oval. Perichetial
leaves apiculate. Capsule oblong-eylindrie; teeth yellow; cilia
Short; lid rostrate. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate;
branches julaceous. Tufts green with few rhizoids. — Earth
in subalp. region r. Eur. Sweden: K. F. Thedenius. :
* P.alpina Kindb. n. subsp. — Hypnum polyanthos var. alpi-
num Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw.

Leaves a little larger, less strongly appressed when dry;
perichetial submuticous. Capsule narrow-eylindric; lid rostellate.
Branches subfastigiate nearly simple. Tufts eradiculose yellowish
green. — Eur. Norway near Kongsvold on a turf-roof in subalp.
region; E, Adlerz.
10.P.alpicola Lindberg. — Stereodon (Pylaiea) Lindb.; Arnell
musci Asie bor. Pylaisia Kindb. check-list of Eur. and N.
. Am. Bryin, 3

Leaves ovate-oblong with long filiform falcate point, very
mall and not appressed; alar cells yellow, the others pale

TaT ou

sublinear. Plants bright green, sparingly radiculose. — Caps
unknown. — Stones in alp. region r. Eur. Sweden in Laplane
E. Nyman.

47. Pylaisiella Kindberg, new genus.
1.P.velutina Schimper. — Pylaisia Sch.; Sull. icon. m.,
part. 5

Leaves entire from ovate-oblong base acuminate, recurve
acumen, subdecurrent; upper cells, also the middle margina
rhomboidal; inner cells sublinear-lanceolate, inner basal narrow
orange; angular cells diversiform, special alar few large infla
brown or hyaline, inner angular small green numerous. Pe
chetial leaves plicate serrulate. Capsule large cylindric
contracted at mouth; teeth orange; segments split in two dense
dentate legs, basal membrane very low; cilia none; pedicel lon
Spores large. Branches not julaceous. Tufts green or brow
yellow. — Trees, Amer. Can. Macoun; Moser.

In the cited Sull. icon. m. leaves are longer acuminate, th
alar cells not delineated, endostomial segments adhering in thi
whole length to the teeth.
2.P.subdenticulata Schimper. — Pylaisia Sch.; Sull. ic. m.

Leaves small ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate 'minutely den
culate at acumen, faintly recurved below, not decurrent; angu!
cells small green, the others sublinear. Perichetial leaves as m
the last. Capsule small oblong-cylindrie not contracted; j
yellow; segments split, basal membrane elevate; cilia long suU
appendiculate; pedicel short. Spores small. Branches not ju
ceous. Tufts pale green or yellowish. Smaller than Pylai
polyanthos. — Trees r. Amer, Can: Waghorne. U. S.: Aust
com. Macoun.

48. Raphidostegium Notaris.

A. Capsule oblique or curved. Leaves entire below.
I. Eu-Raphidostegium. Branches not or faintly compressed.
Leaves plurifarious us. small and crowded. :
IL. Pseudo-Plagiotheeium. Branches complanate. Leay
subdistichous not densely crowded, sometimes large. i

B. Capsule straight erect. Leaves denticulate all aroui
III. Pseudo-Pylaisia. Branches not or faintly compr
Leaves small not densely crowded.

` L Eu-Raphidostegium. ?

A. Leaves curved (incurved or subfaleate), distinctly de
culate above, with ovate-oblong base and short acumen, crowd!
Stem creeping; branches crowded faintly compressed.

wa a

lR.reeurvans Michaux. — Leskea Mich; Raphidostegium
Sauerbeck et Jæger: Hypnum Schweegr.; Sull. icon. musce.

Leaves recurved gen. to middle, denticulate above it, with
long filiform serrate point; alar cells orange. Perichetial leaves
gradually long-acuminate, serrate only at the short point. Cap-
sule suboblong curved; teeth orange; segments entire; beak long;
pedicel us. somewhat long. Stem red. Tufts yellowish green.
Dioecious but often fruiting. — Trees and logs. Amer. Can.:
Macoun; White; Moser; Waghorne.
2.R.Whitei Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves faintly or not recurved, gen. entire below acumen,
with serrate filiform or subulate point; alar cells hyaline. Pe-
richetial leaves dentate at the long acumen. Capsule suboval
eurved or oblique; teeth pale; segments entire; beak not long;
pedicel short. Stem pale or pale red. Tufts green. Monoe-
cious. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Ont. near Edmonton 1892: J.
White, com. Macoun.

B. Leaves not distinctly curved, gen. quite entire and small.
Monoecious or (R. subdemissum) dioecious.

à. Branches not julaceous. Stem radiculose. Leaves recurved.
3.R.demissum Wilson. -— Hypnum Wils.; Raphidostegium
Notaris.

Leaves ovate-oblong acute sometimes short-acuminate, r. fili-
form-pointed, gen. entire and recurved all around; alar cells
rotundate not large, upper lanceolate, the others linear. Peri-
chetial leaves subulate-acuminate. Capsule very small suboval
strangulate often arcuate; neck not distinct; teeth yellow, orange
below; segments yellow; pedicel short. Tufts green or brown-
green sparingly radiculose. — Wet rocks. Eur. r. Switzerl.!
Engl: Cunliffe. Germany: Schimper; Boulay.: Amer. less r. Can.:
Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. U. S: com. Macoun.
4.R.Welwitschii Schimper. — Rhynchostegium Sch.; Raphido-
stegium Sauerbeck et Jæger.

Differs from the last: Tufts compact bright or yellowish green
silky glossy and velvet-like. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-
lanceolate, long-acuminate often filiform-pointed; alar celis larger.
Peristome paler. Perichetial leaves filiform-pointed. — Trunks
of Olea and Quercus r. Eur. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli.
5R.mieroearpum Bridel. -— Leskea Brid; Raphidostegium
Sauerbeck et Jeger; Hypnum C. M.; Sulliv. ic. musc.

Differs from R. demissum: Leaves gen. acuminate, sometimes
faintly sinuolate. Capsule not strangulate r. arcuate; neck more

A us

or less distinct; teeth yellowish; segments hyaline; pedicel ver
short. Tufts green or yellowish. — Trees r. Amer. U. S. south.
states: Mohr, com. Macoun; Langlois and Sawyer, com. Cardo
*R.admixtum Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull.; Raphidostegiu
Kindb. |
Capsule - arcuate more distinctly necked; pedicel longer.
— Trees r: Amer. »U. S.» Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright, herb.
Sulliv., com. C. Mueller), jl
b. Branches julaceous. Stem not radiculose. Leaves entire,
not or slightly recurved.
6.R.subdemissum Kindb cat. Canad. m.
Leaves small ovate-lanceolate long-subulate; alar cells large,
the others linear. Capsules unknown. Branches distant cuspi

date yellowish green. Dioecious. — Rocks in arctic Pacif
distr. r. Amer, Alaska: J. M. Macoun, at
7.R.marylandicum C. Mueller. — Hypnum demissum -var
ta et J:

Leaves ovate-lanceolate subobtuse acute somewhat large; ala
somewhat large, the others linear. Perichetial leaves subulate-

dostegium) L. et J.; Raphidostegium Kindb.; Rhynchostegiu

perichetial strongly dentate above to below middle, i
suboblong curved; teeth pale, papillose above; segments entire;
cilia none; pedicel very short. Stem pale or greenish red,
sparingly radiculose; branches distant. Tufts green. i

9.R.Lorentzii Molendo. — Hypnum M; Raphidostegiut
Kindb.

Leaves with more or less long gen. subulate denticulate acu-
men; perichetial denticulate above, Capsule oblong slightl
curved; teeth golden yellow, papillose above; segments rimose;
cilia long; pedicel not long. Stem red sparingly radiculose;

a Fu

branches distant. Tufts bright or yellowish green. Dioecious.
— Clayey ground or stones in subalp. region r. Eur. Germany:
P. G. Lorentz.

10.R.Roellii Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves with short serrate often twisted point, small; periche-
tial dentate at acumen. Capsule oblong often curved; teeth
pale yellow, papillose above; segments rimose or entire; cilia
often long; lid rostrate; pedicel not long. Stem red sparingly
tadiculose; branches distant. Tufts bright green. Monoecious.
— Logs r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

B. Leaves not distinctly curved, gen. quite entire.

a. Leaves subulate-acuminate.
li.:Rexpallens C. M. et Kindb. — Entodon cat. Canad. m.

Leaves large ovate-lanceolate or ovate-obiong with not long,
sometimes faintly denticulate and at apex often deflexed acu-
men, not or indistinctly recurved; upper cells linear, alar large.
Capsules unknown. Resembles Brachythecium rivulare. Dioecious.
— Bogs by springs r. Amer, Can.: Macoun. U. S.: James, com.
C. Mueller.

. 12.R.earolinianum C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M. syn.

»Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate acuminate, recurveil all
around; perichetial entire. Capsule small obovate inclined.
Branches compressed somewhat long and flaccid, dusky vello-
wish; stem long. Monoecious. — Wet rocks r. Amer. U. S.:
Sullivant»: C. M.

. b. Leaves obtusate (obtuse or acute).

13.R.Kegelii C. Mueller, — Leskea C. M.; Raphidostegium
Renauld et Cardot; Hypnum C. M. syn.

Leaves small ovate more or less recurved; upper cells rhom-
bic-oblong, lower lanceolate, alar small. Capsule narrowly cy-
lindric subarcuate; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts dirty green.

onoecious. »Peristomial teeth short yellow»: C. M. syn. —
Trees r. Amer. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot.

III. Pseudo-Pylaisia Kindb. i
14.R.cylindricarpum C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; Sulliv.
lC. m.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate curved, recurved below and (as the
perichetial) serrate at acumen; alar cells large hyaline, the
others linear. Capsule cylindric; teeth yellow; segments rimose;
pedicel somewhat long. Tufts intricate us. brown-green or faintly
glossy. Dioecious. — Logs in woods r. Amer. U. $.: Sullivant,
com.C, Mueller;Purpus, com. Roell;Peck, herb. Austin, com. Macoun.

a. Eon

49. Rhynchostegium Bryol. eur.
I. Eu-Rhynchostegium. Stem with broad paraphyllia. Leav
nearly flat; costa short double or indistinct. Dioecious í
monoecious.
IL Pseud-Eurhynchium. Leaves often concave; costa
simple or in some leaves indistinct. Often monoecious. Para-
phyllia us. wanting, in R. serrulatum sometimes present. —
I Eu-Rhynchostegium.
A. Leaves more or less distant, not decurrent; alar cells n
large or not well-defined. R. fruiting.
I.R.depressum Bruch. i
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong acute sometimes short-acumina
serrulate above, nearly entire below; upper cells oval-oblon:
middle oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboval or arcuate strang
late; annulus double; lid rostrate; pedicel short. Stem creepin
Tufts glossy green. Dioecious. — Shady rocks. Ewr. not con
mon. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.!
2.R.geophilum Austin; Sullivant icon. muscor.
Differs from the last: Leaves somewhat larger and mo
distant, subobtusate, denticulate below; uppermost cells ov:
lower lanceolate. .Capsule not strangulate; annulus simple.
Branches longer; stem nearly eradieulose. — Clayey shade
ground r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. i
3.R.deplanatum Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; Sulliv. ic. m
Rhynchostegium | Kindb.; Hypnum (Rhynchostegium) Lq. et ^. |
Leaves ovate oblong acute with short or more prolonged 5U-
bulate acumen, serrulate above, minutely denticulate or near!
entire below, cells gen. linear-lanceolate, lower sometimes sub- 1
oblong; costa often obsolete, sometimes double. Perich tial
leaves with dentate long-subulate acumen. Capsule oval-oblong
or arcuate, strangulate wide-mouthed plicate when dry; seg-
ments entire; lid rostrate, rostellate or obtuse; annulus none; |
pedicel often short. Stem depressed creeping; paraphyllia Us —
dentate. Tufts dense glossy green. Us. monoecious. Lea
often crowded. —- On rocks or on base of trees. Amer. Can
Macoun; Moser. — Male flowers not found by Sullivant.
4.R.caloosiense Austin. -— Hypnum Austin. :
»Differs from the last in short pointed entire leaves an
much longer entire paraphyllia. — Leaves broadly oblique
ovate subacuminate; areolation loose rhomboidal fusiform; ¢¢
geminate distinct to near middle. Capsule broadly oval mi
constricted; pedicel short. Monoecious. — Amer. r U. S.:J.
Smith, Austin»: Lesq. et Jam. M

NA

s UR a

B. Leaves crowded decurrent; alar cells large hyaline. Lid
of capsule long-conie acute or short conic rostellate. |
5.R.membranosum Kindb. — Plagiothecium cat. Can. m.

Leaves flat ovate-oblong acute or short-acuminate, entire or
above middle denticulate, patent or spreading; cells linear exc.
the alar. Capsule cylindric or obovate arcuate, not constricted;
teeth yellow; pedicel not long. Tufts dense glossy green, not `
or sparingly radiculose. Dioecious. — Logs in swamps r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun; White.

lI. Pseud-Eurhynchium Kindb.

A. Leaves crisped when dry; cells much dilated.
Ineeuodfolioss Scopoli. — Hypnum Scop.; Rhynchostegium

r. eur.

Leaves somewhat distant, not decurrent; costa vanishing near
middle. Stem-leaves ovate gradually short-acuminate, nearly
entire; eells suboblong, alar not defined. Branch-leaves shorter,
broad-ovate abruptly short-acuminate, minutely denticulate all
around; cells oval. Capsule suboval not large; lid rostrate; pedicel
short smooth. Stem creeping. Tufts green. Monoecious. —
Stones r. Eur. south. districts. Switzerl., Italy!

B. Leaves not crisped; cells gen. narrow.

a. Leaves distant; alar cells large. Lid of capsule not ro-
strate. :
7.R.revelstokense Kindb. — Eurhynchium note on Can. bryol.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-subulate denticulate plicate and
pellucid, sometimes short-decurrent; cells lanceolate exc. the
alar;-costa somewhat thick, vanishing above middle or shorter.
Capsule arcuate; lid rostellate; pedicel short smooth. Stem
creeping subpinnate or irregularly divided. Tufts pale or light
green. Male flowers not found. — Logs r. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col: Macoun; N. Foundl.: Waghorne.
8.R.pseudo-serrulatum Kindb. — Eurhynchium Kindb. l. c.

Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, minutely denticulate, striate
and chlorophyllose, not or indistinctly decurrent; cells lanceolate,
the lower shorter and more dilated; costa thin vanishing above
middle. Stem-leaves with short-acuminate or filiform-pointed;
branch-leaves with short subulate sometimes twisted point.
Capsule arcuate; lid apiculate; pedicel rough very long. Stem

= subpinnate or irregularly divided. Tufts dark green, faintly

glossy, radiculose at base. Monoecious. Habit of R. serrulatum.

Earth and stones in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser;

aghorne, U. S, New Jersey: com. Macoun,

b. Leaves gen. distant; alar cells not large. :
88. Leaves serrulate or serrate, gen. large; costa simple us.
long.
9.R.serrulatum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Sullivant ic. m;
Rhynchostegium Kindb.; Hypnum (Rhynchostegium) Lq. et Jam.
Leaves serrulate pellucid neither striate nor decurrent; cells
sublinear exc. the sometimes not well-defined alar; costa thin
often reaching above middle. Stem-leaves filiform-pointed us.
ovate-oblong; branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate with short
sublinear twisted point. Capsule arcuate; segments entire; an
nulus broad; lid rostrate; pedicel smooth. us. long. Stem pin-
nate creeping, r. with paraphyllia, Tufts pale green. Monoe-
cious. — On ground in dry woods. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun.
U. S.: Roell; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Fitzgerald, com. Renauld.
* R.eriense Kindb. — Eurhynchium: note on Can. bryol zii
Leaves subovate nearly crowded, shorter ‘and less distant; alar
cells more distinct. Capsule smaller: pedicel short. — Amer,
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.
* R.hispidifolium Kindb, — Eurhynchium Kindb. 1. c.
Branches longer. Leaves very long, ovate-lanceolate lo
acuminate sharply serrate. Capsules und flowers unknown.
Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
bb. Leaves entire or near apex minutely denticulate.
10.R subintegrifolium Kindb, — Eurhynchium Kindb. 1. €
Leaves decurrent chlorophyllose ovate-oblong short-pointe
faintly striate; alar cells somewhat humerous, the others sul
near; costa mostly thin gen. reaching to acumen, sometime
thicker, shorter and forked. Capsule subobovate or arcuate:
pedicel smooth; lid and male flowers not seen. Habit of
serrulatum. — Logs r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. Macoun: 1
11.R.styriacum Limpricht et Breidler, — Limnobium Lpr.
Breidl. in sched.; Rhynchostegium Kindb. it
Leaves (of branches) broad-ovate abruptly short-acuminal
neither decurrent not striate; cells oblong-linear exc. the dusl
quadrate alar. Tufts yellowish not radieulose. Synoecio
Capsules not seen. — Inundated rocks r. Eur. Austria ne
‘Schladming: Breidler, com. Limpricht.
ce. Leaves minutely denticulate,
12.R.bifariellum Kindb. — Plagiothecium cat. Can. m.
Leaves small neither striate nor crowded nor distinctly.
current; : alar cells small few quadrate, the others gen. line
Stem-leaves short somewhat broad ovate-cordate nearly en i

cc IDE xu

with faleate filiform nearly entire point; costa gen. obsolete.
Branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate; costa vanishing near or
above middle. Capsules unknown. Stem pinnate sparingly
radieulose. Tufts loose olive-green. Habit of Eurhynchium
Bolenderi. — Wet places in woods r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl.:
Macoun.
50. Taxithelium Mitten.

l.T.planum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Taxithelium Mitt.

Leaves from contracted base broadly suboval acute denticu-
late sometimes short-acuminate; alar cells subrectangular. Cap-
sule small piriform inclined; teeth yellow; segments as high;
cilia present; lid apiculate; pedicel reddish yellow very long.
Stem prostrate subpinnate; branches approached. — Amer, r.
>U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright, com. C. Mueller).

51. Plagiothecium Br. eur.

A. Branches complanate. Often dioecious.

a. Leaves undulate.
I. Pseudo-Neckera. Leaves decurrent large gen. quite entire,
Capsule large arcuate; lid rostrate. Branches long often simple.
Dioecious.

b. Leaves not undulate.
II. Eu-Plagiothecium. Leaves decurrent gen. quite entire
often large. Capsule oblique or straight; lid r. rostrate. Plants
often robust.
III. Isopterygium. Leaves not decurrent us. not large often den-
ticulate. Capsule mostly oblique or arcuate; lid obtuse or ro-
stellate. Plants not robust. Stem not long.

B. Branches not or faintly compressed. Monoecious.
IV. Pseud-Isopterygium. Leaves neither undulate nor de.
current nor large, gen. quite entire, sometimes curved when
dry. Capsule straight or faintly curved; lid obtuse or rostellate.
Stem sometimes long.

I. Pseudo-Neckera Kindb.

LP.undulatum L. — Hypnum L.; Plagiothecium Br. eur. -

Leaves subovate acute short-acuminate or obtusate, r. denti-
culate at acumen, short-decurrent, gen. crowded; upper cells
harrow linear, lower lanceolate exc. the not well-defined alar,
. Leaves of the branchlets narrower, often long-acuminate. Capsule
. Striate when dry; pedicel long. Branches pale or whitish green
Sometimes subturgid. Tufts gen. loose. — Earth and siliceous
rocks in woods. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Germany, France!
Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. . Alaska: J. M. Macoun. |

ae M I

2.P.neckeroideum Schimper. ic

Leaves as in the last but distant long-decurrent; nearly all |
cells narrow-linear exc. the short and large alar and lowest |
basal. Capsule not striate; pedicel long. Stem more divided, |
branchlets thin flagelliform. Tufts dense green. Habit of.
Neckera crispa. — Shady humid places near waterfalls in woods |
of subalp. region r. Ewr. Austria: Breidler, com. Warnstorf.

IL. Eu-Plagiothecium. x

A. Leaves gen. large. Capsule large more or less oblique or
curved; lid rostellate-rostrate or r. obtuse; pedicel long. f

à. Leaves distinctly decurrent; costa short double or indistinct.
3.P.denticulatum L. — Hypnum L.; Plagiothecium Br. eu

Leaves long-decurrent gen. suboblong obtusate, sometimes.
short-pointed, us. green; lower alar cells of the decurrent part
very dilated, upper alar not well-defined, the others oblong
lanceolate. Capsule subcylindrie; lid not rostellate. Monoecious |
us. fruiting. --- Logs and rocks, common. Eur. Sweden etel.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

* P.subfaleatum Austin; Sulliv. icon. musc.

Leaves less decurrent, sinuolate above, sometimes subfalcate.
Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S: Austin, com.
Macoun.
4.P.silvatieum L. — Hypnum L.; Plagiothecium Br. eur.

Leaves long-decurrent ovate-lanceolate gradually narrowed to |
a subulate point, us. dark green or olivaceous; cells as in the
last. Capsule subcylindric; lid rostrate. Dioecious r. fruiting
— Rocks, less common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerl.
Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
5.P.Roesei Hampe — Hypnum Hampe; Plagiothecium Schimp.
syn.; P. Sullivantie Schimp., Hypnum Sull. icon. m. :

Leaves smaller than in the last, short-decurrent suboblong
obtusate or short-acuminate, abruptly tapering to a short fili-
form often curved point, us. yellowish or bright green; lowest
cells wide, alar often well-defined, the others sublinear-lanceolate.

b. Leaves less distinctly decurrent; costa gen. indistinct,
sometimes thick and simple but very short.
6.P.brevipungens Kindb. cat. Canad. m

LI

ae WE

Leaves subovate or ovate-oblong acute often short-pointed;
upper cells sublinear, lower lanceolate exc. the dilated well-
defined alar. Capsule arcuate; lid conic obtuse not rostellate.
Tufts dense green. Stem subpinnate. Leaves somewhat smaller
than in P. denticulatum. Monoecious. — Stones in woods r.
Amer, Can.: Macoun.

B. Leaves and capsules small; pedicel short.

a. Leaves not recurved.
7.P.letum Schimper. — Leskea Berggren.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate gradually tapering to a
short filiform point; alar cells large well-defined, the others
oblong-lanceolate. Capsule oval-oblong subsymmetric; lid rostellate.
Tufts bright green. Monoecious. — Alp. and subalp. rocks r.
Eur. Norway!; Berggren. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
8.P.decursivifolium Kindb. cat. Can. m. — »P. passaicense»
Austin in part.

Leaves narrowly suboblong often with short acieuliform point;
lowest basal cells short large, alar not well-defined, the others
hatrow-linear. Capsule suboblong or arcuate, finally furrowed
and oblique; lid rostellate or rostrate; pedicel somewhat long.
Tufts green. Monoecious. — On decaying trees r. Amer. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.
9.P-latebricola Wilson. — Leskea Wils.; Plagiothecium Br. eur.

Leaves smaller than in P. pulchellum, gen. filiform-pointed.
Stem-leaves ovate-oblong subobtusate long-pointed; branch-leaves
ovate lanceolate gradually tapering to a short sometimes subulate
point; alar cells not well-defined, the others narrow-linear. Cap-
sule. eylindric-oblong straight; lid rostellate. Tufts bright green.

loecious. — On decaying trees or ferns in shady woods r.
Eur, Sweden: J. Persson. Germany: H. Mueller, com. Le Jolis.
Belgium: Gravet. Amer. »U. S. and Can.»: Lesq. et Jam.

b. Leaves more or less recurved. |
. _ aa. Leaves recurved to the gen. long filiform point.

10.P.piliferum Swartz. — Leskea Sw.; Plagiothecium Br. eur.

Leaves suboblong; alar cells not well-defined, the others
harrow-linear, Capsule cylindric-oblong straight; lid rostellate.

Ma green us. glossy. Monoecious. — Shady rocks or. their
. fUevices gen. r, Eur. Sweden not r., Norway! Amer. Can. Pacif.
: * Macoun. |

pue bb. Leaves partly recurved below, without long point.
_ 1LP.aciculari-pungens C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.
Leaves ovate-oblong with short aciculiform deflexed or patent

a- TU —

point, narrowly recurved below middle at one side; alar cel
few often large, the others oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboblong
oblique not curved; lid apiculate. Tufts dense glossy green.
Branches few short not attenuate, Monoecious. Resembles
small state of P. Roesei. — Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
12.P.attenuatirameum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Lower leaves broadly ovate obtuse or obtusate, recurved
above middle at least at one side; lower basal cells dilat
nearly uniform, the others oblong lanceolate; costa sometimes
simple and reaching to middle. Other leaves gradually smalle
upwards, narrower, more acute or acuminate. Branches lon
attenuate flagelliform above. Tufts loose faintly shining. Cap-
sules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. i

IIL Isopterygium Mitten. '

A. Leaves distinctly denticulate, not recurved. Capsule :

annulate. no

a. Leaves denticulate nearly all around; alar cells gen. distinct.
Monoecious, us. fruiting. Es
13.P.silesiacum Seliger. -- Hypnum Sel.; Plagiothecium Br. eur
Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-cuspidate crowded; cells narrow
linear exe, the alar. Capsule somewhat large subcylindri
arcuate not striate; teeth pale; lid obtuse; pedicel long. Tufts ]
green. Branches us. curved deflexed. — On logs in woods, I
on rocks. Ewr. not r. Sweden common, Norway, Switzerl.!
Amer. r. U. S. near Washington: Roell. is
14.P.turfaceum Lindberg; Sulliv. icon. m. ne
Differs from the last: Leaves smaller shorter and less crow
ded, narrowly ovate-oblong shorter-cuspidate; cells linear-lanceo-
late. Capsule smaller, narrowly ovate-oblong, striate when dry;
pedicel less long. Tufts bright green. Branches us. not cul
ved. — Turfy soil and rocks. Eur. r. Sweden!; S. O. Lindberg:
Amer. not r. princ. in eastern distr: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne.
* P.pseudo-silesiacum Sehimper. )
»Lower leaves oval narrowly acuminate spreading, the upper
appressed: — Aimer, U. S. r.»: Lesq;-ét Jam. t
b. Leaves distantly denticulate in upper third; cells linear,
alar not distinct. Dioecious very r. fruiting. d
15.P.elegans Hooker. — Hypnum Hook.; Plagiothecium Schi
per; Sulliv. icon. musc. e.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate short-cuspidate often somewhat large
Capsule small obovate or oblon » not or slightly curved; teeth
pale; segments. entire; cilia long not appendiculate; lid acute

- T

rostellate; pedicel often long and at apex arcuate. Perichetial
leaves long-acuminate filiform-pointed denticulate above. Tufts
green. Stem often furnished with small shoots or filiform
branchlets, falling off to propagation. — Shady rocks and
earth, gen. not r. Eur. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer, Can.
less r. fruiting: Macoun; Waghorne.

B. Leaves nearly entire or near apex faintly denticulate;
alar cells distinct, the others narrow-linear. Capsule not annu-
. late. Monoecious.

16.P.albulum C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M; Plagiothecium
Kindb.; »Hypnum micans Swartz»: Lesq. et Jam.

Leaves small green ovate-oblong not recurved, us. short-acu-
minate or with short twisted point. Capsule very small indi-
stinctly necked, more or less oblique or arcuate; lid rostellate
or r. obtuse mamillate. — Trees and stones r. Amer. Can.:
Macoun. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot.
17.P.fulvum Hooker et Wilson. — Hypnum H. W.; Sull. ic.
m.; Plagiothecium Kindb.

Leaves larger than in the last, fulvous or golden glossy
Ovaie-oblong recurved below. Perichetial leaves longer-acumi-
hate. Capsule shorter and thicker with thick neck; lid mamil-
late. Tufts nearly eradiculose. — Swamps r. Amer. U. S.:
Langlois, com. Cardot.

* Leaves small gen. entire. Us. dioecious. ;

. _ & Costa of leaves short double or indistinct. Dioecious.
18.P.nitidulum Wahlenberg. — Hypnum Wng fl. lappon.;

lagiothecium Schimper; P. Muellerianum Schimp.; Sull. ic. m.
Leaves ovatelanceolate gradually tapering to a filiform often

; long point, quite entire, distant; cells narrow-linear, alar not

distinct, Capsule small cylindric-oblong or subobovate, gen.

oblique and faintly cernuous, annulate; cilia short; lid rostellate;

Pedieel short. Tufts loose glossy green. — Rocks and earth,

Beh. r. Eur. Sweden (not r.), Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun;

Moser, — p. Muellerianum Schimp. (syn.) differs only in smaller

narrower leaves and looser tufts. — Eur. Switzerl.! France:

Spruce, com. Boswell.

*Fpseudo-latebrieola Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

= “eaves entire less distant, from broadly ovate-lanceolate pane

Suddenly tapering to a straight filiform somewhat long point;
"lar cells few often not distinct, the others narrowly linear.

Capsule obovate-oblong oblique slightly curved often pendent;

teeth pale; cilia long subappendiculate; lid conic; pedicel Pid

Branches often curved; branchlets longer with smaller narro
leaves. Tufts dense glossy green. — On rotten wood r, Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Moser.
20.P.passaicense Austin. |

Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate sinuolate at acume
nearly crowded, shorter than in the both last; lowest basal
cells dilated, alar distinct, the others linear or linear-lanceola
Capsule very small suboblong oblique or slightly curved, ann
late; teeth pale; pedicel not long. Tufts green. — Logs 4
swamps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. . :

b. Costa of leaves sometimes simple but very thin, reaching
to middle. Monoecious.

21.P.geminum Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt; Plagiotheciu
Kindb. 9
Leaves distant ovate-oblong short-acuminate nearly entire C
slightly denticulate at acumen or below it; alar cells few us.
distinct, the others linear. Capsule subcylindric nearly straigh
pedicel short. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. `
IV. Pseud-Isopterygium Kindb. :
22.P.pulchelium Hedwig. — Leskea H ; Plagiothecium Br. eur
Leaves entire ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, graduall
tapering. to a gen. short point; cells lanceolate-linear, alar not
distinct. Capsule subcylindric often straight erect, annulate;
lid apiculate or rostellate; pedicel sometimes long. Stem short.
Tufts dense green. Leaves gen. smaller than in P. nitidulum
and nearly crowded. — Rocks and their crevices prine. in al
Eur. not r. Sweden and Norway common in alps! Switzerl.
Schimper. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. Greenl. Berggren.
23.P.Bottinii Breidler. d i :
Leaves larger than in the last, slightly denticulate at acum
ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate gen. abruptly narrowed to
long filiform-pointed acumen; basal cells dilated, alar subqua
drate not much wider, the others sublinear. Capsule small
subcylindric or suboblong without distinct neck, oblique
curved; lid obtuse; pedicel long subcapillary; annulus not seen.
Stem long. Tufts loose green or vellowish. — Peat-bogs
Eur, Italy: A, Bottini. TII
52. Stereophyllum Mitten. 2
1.8.Wrightii Sullivant. — Hypnum (Omalia) Sull. ic. mus
»Stereophyllum Mitt»: €. M. fee .
Leaves distant ovate-oblong or sublinear- it
faintly denticulate above, inflexed.

below at one side, not large:

costa vanishing above middle. Capsule small subobovate sub-
erect; teeth pale yellow scarcely higher or broader than seg-
ments; cilia shorter; lid conie or rostellate; calyptra narrow;
pedicel longish. Stem creeping. Tufts green or golden glossy.
Habit of Neckera (Homalia). — Roots of trees r. Amer. U. B
herb. Lesquereux, com. Renauld (Cuba: Wright, herb. Sullivant,
com. C. Mueller).
53. Amblystegium Bryol. eur.
l. Eu-Amblystegium. Leaves not distinctly recurved; alar cells
few or indistinct.
a. Leaves decurrent.
1. Compacta. Leaves with well-defined alar cells; costa subper-
current. Tufis compact with intricate stems. Us. monoecious.
b. Leaves not or indistinctly decurrent.
2. Serpentia. Leaves crowded or not long-distant; alar cells gen.
not well-defined; costa simple. Capsule somewhat large; pedicel
long. Us. monoecious.
3. Speirophylla. Leaves long-distant very small; alar cells us.
indistinct; costa simple or obsolete. Capsule small; pedicel
short. Dioecious.
4. Subtilia. Leaves small crowded; alar cells distinct; costa gen.
obsolete, Capsule small; pedicel short. Tufts dense. Monoecious.
IL Ptycholoma. Leaves recurved gen. to middle; alar cells
Numerous green. Leaves crowded not decurrent; costa us. ob-
solete. Capsule small; pedicel short. Monoecious.
I. Eu-Amblystegium.
1. Compacta. :
M Leaves short-decurrent nearly crowded. Tufts very rádi-
Ose. Á
l.A.compactum C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M; Sulliv. ic. m.
3 ves recurved near base, ovate-oblong short-acuminate or
ovate-lanceolate acute, minutely denticulate princ. below; alar
cells not large, the others oblong-lanceolate us. pellucid. Capsule
Small oblong-cylindrie with distinct neck, gen. suberect nearly
_ ‘Straight; lid acute or apiculate; teeth pale yellow; cilia very
Short pedicel long. Tufts somewhat high, green above, us.
. decolorate or red-brown below. Branches erect. Monoecious.
= — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Waghorne; Drummond, com. C. Mueller.
“ur. »France»: Husnot revue bryol. 1896.
2.A.subcompactum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. =
. Differs from the last: Leaves long-acuminate not d
mner cells lanceolate-linear. Capsule longer, often curved; li

w MS us

rostellate. — Trees in swamps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U.

Roell; Kelsey, com. Cardot.
B. Leaves long-decurrent very distant. Tufts sparingly

diculose. Capsules unknown.

3.A.dissitifolium Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves from subcordate or ovate base tapering to a sometime
long acumen, denticulate all around; alar cells somewhat large
the others oval-oblong very chlorophyllose. Tufts low green.
Dioecious. — Wet limestone rocks r. Amer. Can. near Niagara
and Owen Sound: Macoun. ;

2. Serpentia.
4.A.varium Hedwig. — Leskea H.; Amblystegium | Lindb. in
part. 4B

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, often entire;
middle cells gen. oval-oblong; costa gen. long, also in periche-
tial leaves not excurrent. Capsule curved; annulus compound.
Stem decumbent. Monoecious. — Logs, trees and stones, not
uncommon. Hur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl., Italy! Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. Da
* A.radieale Beauvois. — Hypnum Beauv.; Amblystegium
Br. eur. i

Leaves smaller and more distant, denticulate; cells g
oblong; costa less long. — Eur, Switzerl.! Finl.: Lindberg.
* A.porphyrhizon Lindb. in Schimp. syn. ü

Leaves small and less broad, denticulate and crowded; ce
suboblong; costa faint often vanishing near middle. Confounc
with A. serpens. — Eur. not r. Sweden common, Germai
Switzerl.! Engl.: Rogers. Amer. Can. common: Macoun; Waghorne.
* A.Juratzkæ Schimper. E-

Leaves somewhat small denticulate more distant; cells ge
oblong-lanceolate; costa subpercurrent. Eur. Sweden, Switzei
Germany! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

* A.leptophyllum Schimper.

Leaves somewhat small denticulate crowded; cells oblor
lanceolate; costa subpercurrent. — Eur. France: Philibert.
5.A.orthocladon Beauvois. — Hypnum Beauy.; Sulliv. ic. n

in A. varium, in perichetial leayes still broader and ex

= FP —

often very long. Branches often erect. Dioecious. — Wet
places, Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
6.A.serpens L. — Hypnum L.; Amblystegium Br. eur.

Leaves narrower than in A. varium, gen. smaller and less .
chlorophyllose, often entire; middle cells gen. suboblong; costa
faint more abbreviate. Stem-leaves narrowly suboblong-lanceo-
late, not much dilated at base; branch-leaves sublinear-lanceo-
late. Perichetial leaves long-acuminate. Capsule curved; annu-
lus compound; pedicel long. Stem decumbent. — Trees, logs
and stones gen. common. Eur. Sweden etc.! Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.

*A.Columbie Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Leaves denticulate all around, nearly spreading; cells oblong-
lanceolate; costa sometimes reaching into acumen. Perichetial
leaves short-acuminate. Habit of Campylium. — Wet logs r.
Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.

9. Speirophylla.

A. Leaves with subpercurrent costa. Capsules unknown.
7.A.speirophyllum Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist IV.

Leaves obtusate subacute or short-acuminate, subcordate or
oval-oblong, entire or slightly denticulate; cells suboval; costa
i thin. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. N. Brunsw.: Moser. U. $.:

ll.
8.A.distantifolium Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate serrulate all around,

s chlorophyllose and sometimes subdecurrent; cells suboblong;

costa thick sometimes subexcurrent. — Rocks r. Amer. N.
. Foundl: Waghorne. ;
B. Leaves with short often obsolete costa.

. . &. Leaves narrow gen. acute. :
9-ASprueei Bruch. — Hypnum Bruch; Amblystegium Br. eur.
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong or sublinear gen. long-acuminate

= entire; cells oval oblong; costa gen. indistinct. Perichetial leaves
coarsely dentate above. Capsule suboblong-piriform or finally

= turbinate; teeth pale; lid subobtuse. R. fruiting. Dioecious. —

In caverns of rocks or in swamps princ. in alps, often mixed
With an hepatic (Blepharostoma trichophyllum). Eur. Sweden,
* Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. :

. *Aminutissimum Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Hypnum Sulliv.

.. Kon. musc.

d ., Leaves more distinctly denticulate; costa often distinct. Tufts
ld loose, »Sometimes monoecious»; Sulliv. l e — Amer,

u-— EO uuu

in lower districts not r. Can.: Macoun. U: S.: Sullivant, com.
C. Mueller. Eur. r.. Norway near Lille Elvedal: S. O. Lindberg
and E. Nyman. j
10.A.fenestratum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves subhyaline denticulate narrowly ovate-lanceolate or
sublinear; cells narrowly oblong; costa more or less distinct.

Capsules unknown. — Borders of ponds r. Amer. Can.: Dearness,
com, Macoun.

b. Leaves broad gen. obtuse.
11.A.Holzingeri Renauld et Cardot in bot. gazette. ;

Leaves entire subovate or ovate-oblong, sometimes short-acu-
minate subacute; cells suboval, princ. the upper, or suboblong;
costa. vanishing near middle or short forked. Perichetial leaves
entire, Capsule suboval strangulate oblique or arcuate; pedicel
less than 1 centim. long. Amer. r. »U. S.: Holzinger»: Ren. et
Card. 1. c. |

4. Subtilia.

A. Leaves entire; costa sometimes reaching to middle. En-
dostome with short or none cilia. Wu
12.A.subtile Hedwig. — Leskea H.; Amblystegium Br. eur.

Stem-leaves subovate-lanceolate; middle cells suboblong; branch-
leaves narrower. Perichetial leaves entire us. costate. Capsule
subsymmetric; lid apiculate. Tufts greenish. — On trees or
r. on rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden! Amer, Can. Macoun.

B. Leaves denticulate, at least those of branches; costa obsolet
Cilia of endostome us. long. i
13.A.confervoides Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Amblystegium
Br. eur.

Stem-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate; midd
cells suboblong; branch-leaves narrower, patent when moist.
Capsule gen. arcuate; lid apiculate. Perichetial leaves denticu-
late. Tufts green. — Rocks gen. r. Eur. Sweden, Norwa;
Switzerl| Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne,
14.A.pseudo-confervoides Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. ;

Leaves smaller shorter and less distinctly denticulate than
in the last; cells wider, oval-oblong. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong-
obtusate acute or short-acuminate. Branch-leaves suberect when >
moist. Capsule arcuate; lid conic obtuse; pedicel very short.
Perichetial leaves nearly entire, Stems and branches subjula-
ceous. — Limestone rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. d
15.A.tenuissimum Guembel.

Stem-leaves narrowly. ovate-lanceolate, faintly denticul: e

a

middle cells suboblong. Branch-leayes distant narrower. Capsule
subsymmetric or faintly curved; lid not apiculate. Tufts green.
— Earth and trees r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano and in Grau-
buenden!

IL Ptycholoma: Kindb.
16.A.adnatum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Sulliv. icon. m.; Am-
blystegium Kindb.

Leaves entire gen. subovate obtusate; alar cells subquadrate
on a narrow space, the others chlorophyllose gen. suboval. Cap-
sule often arcuate; teeth yellowish; cilia often long; lid apicu-
late or obtuse. Perichetial leaves serrulate at the short acumen.
Tufts green or dark green. — Stones and trees, Amer. not r.
Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.

54. Platyloma Kindberg, new genus")
1.P.Leseurii Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. icon. m.

Leaves distant chlorophyllose opake, minutely denticulate all
around, not decurrent; costa thick subpercurrent. Stem-leaves
broadly round-ovate, abruptly short-acuminate; inner cells lan-
ceolate-linear, alar obsolete. Branch-leaves ovate subobtuse or
acute; cells oval-oblong. Perichetial leaves ovate-lanceolate; costa
excurrent. Capsule suboblong or arcuate; teeth golden yellow,
connate at base; segments as high, split in middle; cilia long
not appendiculate; annulus large compound; lid obtuse mamil-
late; pedicel 2—3 centim. long. Stem irregularly branching.
Tufts dark green. Monoecious. — Moist rocks r. Amer, U. 8:
Roell; Lesquereux, com. Renauld.

i 55. Calliergon Kindberg, new genus.

(Hypnum, subsp. Calliergon et Limnobium, Sullivant.)

- Capsule not annulate. Leaves entire.
L Eu-Calliergon. Leaves not falcate; alar cells large; costa long
gen.’ subpereurrent. Pedicel of capsule long. Stem not cree-
ping but sometimes radiculose: below, often pinnate. Dioecious
or (C. cordifolium) monoecious.

Limnobion. Leaves of stem not faleate, those of branches
often faleate;. alar cells not large; costa abbreviate sometimes
double..or indistinct. Pedicel of capsule shortish, Stem cree-
Ping not pinnate. Monoecious. '

B. Capsule annulate. Leaves sometimes denticulate.

a. Stem pinnate eradiculose. Leaves entire; costa double

Yery short or ‘indistinct. Dioecious.

. . *) This peculiar genus is nearly similar to Limbella C. M: in sched.,
found in S. Amer. only in barren state. — re :

— l5 —.

III. Pseud-Aeroeladium. Leaves not faleate; alar cells very
large. Branches euspidate by convolute leaves. un
IV. Seorpidium. Branches not cuspidate, their leaves falcat
alar cells indistinct. :
b. Stem not pinnate, sometimes radiculose.
V. Pseudo-Limnobion. Alar leaf-cells gen. distinct.
aa. Costa of branch-leaves subpercurrent. Stem eradiculose.
1. Badiiformia. Leaves entire not decurrent, those of branches
often faleate. Dioecious very r. fruiting ;
bb. Costa of leaves gen. short or indistinct. :
2. Ochraceiformia. Leaves entire or nearly so, decurrent and
distant; those of branches often faleate. Stem eradiculose.
Dioecious r, fruiting.
3. Molliformia. Leaves not or indistinctly decurrent, sometimes
denticulate, gen. crowded and not faleate. Stem not creeping
us. eradiculose. Often monoecious. 5
4. Montaniformia, Leaves small sometimes decurrent, us. den-

ticulate; those of branches often falcate. Stem creeping. Us.
monoecious.

I. Eu-Calliergon.
A. Leaves gen. decurrent.

1.C.eordifolium Hedwig. — Hypnum H.

Leaves us. distant and large; upper cells linear-lanceolate,
the lower (below middle) suboblong hyaline. Stem-leaves gen.
subovate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule large; lid obtuse mamil-
late or apiculate. Stems loosely tufted, r. radiculose; branches
gen. long and simple. "Tufts us. green. Us. monoecious.
Swamps and other wet places not r. but not common. E
Sweden! Amer. Alaska: J, M. Macoun. Can: Macoun; Moser;
Waghorne. :
*€. Richardsoni Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt; Hypnum Lesq
et Jam. H. Breidleri Juratzka; H, cyelophyllotum Holzinger.

Leaves less distant; only the lowest basal cells dilated; tl
alar sometimes more distinct. Tufts more dense, often browni
with golden glossy branch-tops. Stem pinnate; branches n
long. — Eur, Sweden, Norway! Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.:
Macoun.
2.C.giganteum Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.

Differs from C. cordifolium: : ;
linear except the large hyaline alar. Tufts dense green ¢
brownish. Branches pinnate wi i
cious very r. fruiting, — Swamps,
_ Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser,

aw Ml s

3.C.stramineum Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.

Leaves oval-oblong nearly crowded or distant, smaller than
in C. cordifolium, sometimes with red rhizoids at apex; cells
gen. sublinear except the large red or hyaline alar and the
often round-oval apical; costa more or less abbreviate. Capsule
somewhat large; lid mamillate. Stem sparingly divided; bran-
ches long not rigid. Tufts gen. pale green, sometimes whitish
or brownish, not radiculose. Dioecious. — Peat-bogs. Eur.
common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.| Amer. Can. not r.: Ma-
coun; Moser; Waghorne.

*C.laxifolium Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves narrower, very distant and longer decurrent; cells
Wider; costa subpercurrent. — Amer. Greenl: Vanhoeffen.
*C.nivale Lorentz. — Hypnum Lor.; Schimper.

Leaves smaller and crowded, broadly oval-oblong, appressed
when dry; cells often somewhat dilated. Branches us. whitish
or yellowish green. —— Alpine bogs r. Eur. Norway! Austria:
Lorentz.

B. Leaves not decurrent.
4.C.sarmentosum Wahlenberg. — Hypnum Wng.

Leaves red or brown-red (r. green) somewhat small and
crowded, narrowly ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate; cells linear
except the short dark red near base and the larger alar; costa
gen. red and subpercurrent. Capsule smaller than in C. cordi-
folium; lid sometimes rostellate. Stem irregularly divided or
Subpinnate with short branches. Dioecious. — Swamps princ.
in alps, gen. r. Eur. Norway (common and not r. fruiting)!

. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
IL. Limnobion Kindb.
5.C.palustre L. — Hypnum L.

Leaves subovate often small, us. crowded, sometimes decurrent;
cells sublinear (or the upper oblong-lanceolate) except the often
orange-colored alar; costa variable, sometimes wanting. Stem-
eaves obtusate subacute; branch-leaves gen. acute or short-acu-
minate. Capsule not large often curved; lid acute or apiculate.
Tufts us. dirty green. — In or near mostly running water,

. Common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.:

oun; Moser. .

III. Peeud-Acrocladium Kindb. :

S.Ceuspidatum L. — Hypnum L.; Acrocladium Lindb.
tem-leaves broad-ovate obtuse or ovate-oblong subacute,

Sübdeeurrent; upper cells oblong-lanceolate, middle linear, lower

ne n

inner basal shorter and dilated, alar hyaline or red. Capsi
large arcuate; lid acute; pedicel very long. Tufts dirty green
or yellowish sometimes glossy. — Wet places. Eur. common.
Sweden (often fruiting), Germany, Switzerl.| Amer. not comm
Can.: Macoun; Moser.
IV. Scorpidium Schimper.

7.C.seorpioides L. — Hypnum- L. E

Leaves suboval-oblong not decurrent, us. very large; cells
gen. linear, the lowest basal shorter and wider. Stem-leav
obtuse sometimes apiculate; branch-leaves obtuse or acute. : Cap-
sule large arcuate; lid apiculate; pedicel very long. Tufts us
brownish with golden glossy branch-tops. R: fruiting. — Peat-
bogs princ. in northern distr, Eur. Sweden, Norway (common
Amer. Can.: Macoun. ;

V. Pseudo-Limnobion Kindb.
1. Badiiformia. :

8.C.badium C. J. Hartman. — Hypnum Hartman.

Stem-leaves suboval short-apiculate; cells gen. linear orangé-
colored, the alar nearly indistinct; costa of some leaves sho
double. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute; costa
subpercurrent. Capsule not large, more or less curved; li
obtuse; pedicel somewhat long. Stems sparingly divided, r.
tufted; branches us. long and often loosed from stem, us. brown-
red with golden glossy tops, r. green... Often growing together
with C. sarmentosum or Hypnum revolvens. — Swamps in northern
alps r. Eur. Norway fruiting! Sweden: R. Hartman. Finl: Bro-
therus. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. ! ;
9.C.polare Lindberg. — Hypnum. Lindberg. di

Leaves ovate-oblong, either obtusate (obtuse or acute) or
short-acuminate and falcate, greenish or sometimes golden glossy;
alar cells large hyaline, the others sublinear or the uppermost
oblong-lanceolate; costa subpercurrent, Capsule slightly curved
not large; pedicel short. Stems densely tufted but loosely co-
hering; branches sometimes subjulaceous, — Sand and stones
in alp. rivulets r. Eur. Norway! Sweden fruiting: E. Nyman.
Spetsbergen: Berggren. France: Husnot. Amer. »Greenl.»: Berg-
gren.

2. Oechraceiformia.

A. Leaves entire; costa £en. short us. double. Stem not
rigid; branches often long, "

10.C.ochraceum Turner et Wilson. — Hypnum T. et W.- à
Stem-leaves broad-ovate obtuse not falcate; uppermost cells "

zc dH ue

oblong-lanceolate, middle sublinear, alar large. Branch-leaves
often curved and acute, sometimes sinuolate near apex. Cap-
sule subovate or arcuate; lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Leaves
often large, us. green or ochraceous. — Stones in running water
princ. in northern alps. Hur. not r. Norway common, Sweden!
Spain: Levier. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can. not r.: Ma-
coun, fruiting; Moser; Waghorne.
11.C.Goulardi Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.

Leaves small not falcate, broadly subcordate obtuse very
concave; cells suboblong or oblong-lanceolate. exe. the small
alar. Capsule very small, faintly curved; lid obtuse; pedicel
short. Tufts dark green. Branches often very long. — Earth
and stones in upper alp. region r. Eur. Norway (fruiting)!
Sweden: E. Nyman. Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
Greenl.: Berggren.

B. Leaves crenulate all around; costa subpercurrent. Stem
rigid when dry; branches not long.
12.C.torrentis C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum eat. Can. m.

Leaves smaller than in the last, subcircular not faleate, re-
curved below; cells as in the last. Capsules unknown. Stem
filiform. — Rocks in mountain torrents r. Amer. Can. Rocky
mts: Macoun.

3. Molliformia.

A. Monoecious often fruiting. Leaves us. denticulate above.
Stem eradiculose.

a. Alar leaf-cells large, in elder leaves finally red.
13.C.eugyrium Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; H. subeugyrium
Renauld et Cardot ?

Leaves ovate-oblong either obtusate- (obtuse and cucullate at
apex or acute) or short-acuminate, entire or near apex faintly
dentieulate; cells gen. sublinear exc. the alar; costa us. double,
Capsule subobovate or slightly curved; lid obtuse; pedicel not
long. Tufts us. brownish with golden glossy branch-tops,
sometimes. green. — Rocks in running water or near lakes gen.
t. Eur. Germany! Sweden: C. Hartman. Engl. Rogers. Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. ; :

b. Alar leaf-cells small nearly indistinct; the inner dilated.
Stem rigid at least when dry. . t
14.C.aretieum Sommerfelt. — Hypnum Somf. — ;

. Leaves subcireular obtuse entire or very faintly sinuolate
above, crowded, small or large; inner cells oval-oblong; costa

Us, double, Capsule small faintly curved; segments not split;

f

== 84 <.

lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Tufts dense dark green or blackish,
Branches not long. — Stones in alp. rivulets gen. r. Eur,
Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. ;

€. Alar leaf-cells not red, gen. distinct; the inner sublinear.
Stem soft. :

15.C.molle Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks. H. dilatatum Wilson
H. alpinum Schimper. |
Leaves subcircular or oval-ovate with contracted base, obtuse
or short-apiculate, crenulate or sinuolate above, crowded; alar
cells gen. small; costa us, double. Capsule arcuate; lid obtuse
or apiculate; pedicel short. Tufts dense brown or brownis
green often with golden glossy branch-tops. Stem sometimes
denudate below; branches more or less turgid. — Wet al
rocks. Eur. not r. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
16.C.alpestre Swartz. — Hypnum Sw.

Leaves entire suboblong, narrower than in the last and less
patent when moist, crowded,
acuminate acute; alar cells of
costa often simple. Capsule as in the ]
longer pedicel. Habit of the last. — Wet rocks in northern
alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Maeoun. Greenl.; Berggren.
17.C.columbico-palustre C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat.
Can. m.

Leaves suboblong denticulate above middle, crowded; alar
cells large; costa simple, reaching above middle. Capsule ar-
cuate; lid flat mamillate; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts green
or golden glossy. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can, Brit. Col.: Ma-
‘coun,
18.C.eireulifolium C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m

Leaves subreniform or subeireular with cordate base, faintly
crenulate all around, distant and green; cells and costa as in
C. molle. Capsules unknown, — Rocks below alps r. Amer.
Can. N. Brunswick: Moser. s

B. Dioecious very r. fruiting. Leaves ug. entire; alar cells
very small or indistinet. Stem often si

à. Stem julaceous eradiculose.
ded; costa short.

apieulate, brown or green, near!
oblong-lanceolate, the alar indistin
very turgid not rigid. Swamps i

below alps r. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can. Macoun, Greenl.:
Berggren.
20.C.trifarium Weber et Mohr. — Hypnum W. M.

Leaves somewhat small, broad-ovate or subcircular, obtuse
or subacute, brownish, strongly appressed when dry; lower
basal cells short dilated, the others sublinear; costa sometimes
simple. Capsule small suboblong or faintly curved; lid convex
short-apiculate. Stems (branches) gen. very long and not tufted,
not thick but very rigid when dry. Resembles C. stramineum
— Peat-bogs r. Eur. Norway! Sweden: R. Hartman; O. W. Re-
delius. Amer. Can. fruiting: Macoun.

b. Stem not julaceous, sparingly radiculose. Leaves faintly
denticulate above, short-acuminate somewhat distant; costa
sometimes prolonged and simple.
21.C.submolle Kindb. — Limnobion rev. bryol. 1895.

Leaves with subovate base, sometimes acute, not falcate;
cells linear, alar nearly indistinct. Tufts loose brown. Cap-
sules unknown, — Rivulets in higher alp. region r. Eur.
Norway in Snehstten: D:r P. Olsson.

4. Montaniformia.

A. Dioecious. Capsules unknown. Leaves dentate-serrulate.
22.C.mieans Wilson. — Hypnum Wils.; Chrysobryum Lindb.;
Sulliv. icon. musc.

Leaves broad-ovate or subcircular obtuse or acute, sometimes
short-acuminate, recurved below, serrulate to below middle,
not or slightly curved, subdecurrent, crowded or subdistant;
cells gen. suboblong, inner basal yellow; costa gen. short and
double. Tufts brown with golden glossy branch-tops. — Wet
rocks r. Eur. Irel: G. A. Holt. Amer. »U. S.»: Sulliv.

B. Monoecious. Capsule small subovate or arcuate; lid obtuse;
pedicel short. i

a. Leaves crowded, not or indistinctly decurrent, denticulate
at least above middle; costa us. short and double.
23.C.pseud-arcticum Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. .

ves broad-oval or subcircular. gen. obtuse, denticulate
above middle, us. not distinctly faleate when moist; cells sub-
linear-lanceolate except the hyaline alar. Tufts brown with
green or glossy green branch-tops. Resembles a small variety
9f C. palustre, which differs in entire leaves and not annulate
Capsule, — Wet stones in subalp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit.

J01.: un.
24.C.montanum Wilson, — Hypnum- Wils. ;
Leaves subovate acute apiculate or short-acuminate, denticulate

= $86 —

all around, faleate or incurved; cells oblong-lanceolate excep
the often yellow alar. Tufts bright green or brown with green
branch-tops. — Stones in rivulets r. Eur. Norway: Kaurin; E
Nyman. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell; James
com. Levier.

b. Leaves distant deeurrent nearly entire; cells oblong-lan
ceolate; costa often simple.
25.C.pseudo-montanum Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m.

Leaves subovate-oblong often somewhat long-acuminate, acute
or obtuse, denticulate at apex, falcate or ineurved, larger than.
in the last; alar cells more distinct; costa simple reaching above |
middle. "Tufts bright green. Habit of the last, but branches
are longer. — Stones in rivulets r. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun
Waghorne; Drummond n. 206 in part. Alaska: J. M. Macoun
26.C.viridulum Hartman. — Hypnum Hartm. skand. flora;
H. norvegicum Schimper.

Leaves broad-ovate obtuse entire or slightly sinuolate at apex,
not distinctly falcate; alar cells hyaline; costa simple or double.
Tufts green. Resembles a small C. ochraceum. — Alp. rivulets
r. Eur. Norwayl; J. E, Zetterstedt; Kaurin (fruiting). Amer.
U. S. Oregon, mount Hood: Roell.

56. Camptothecium Bryol. eur., in part.

A. Stem us. brown-tomentose.
1. Tomentella. Capsule large; lid not rostrate; pedicel long
smooth. Leaves entire gen. large. Stem not regularly pinnate,
not creeping; branches straight not julaceous, often distant.
Tufts yellowish or golden glossy, r. green or brown. Dioecious.

B. Stem not tomentose but sometimes radiculose. E

a. Stem us. irregularly divided; branches somewhat long and
distant, not julaceous, often straight. Dioecious or monoecious.
2. Luteolaria. Capsule large; lid us. rostrate; pedicel long
sometimes smooth. Leaves large and narrow; those of branches
us. denticulate. Stem often nearly eradiculose. Tufts glossy
yellowish or greenish. ne

b. Stem us. pinnate; branches gen. short and crowded,
subjulaceous or julaceous, us. curved. Pedicel of capsule rough;
lid not rostrate. Gen. dioecious. 2
3. Sericaria. Capsule large; pedicel not long. Leaves us. large,
those of branches denticulate, Stem rigid us. creeping. Tufts
us. green and silky glossy.
4. Aureolaria. Capsule small:

-— BÉ

1. Tomentella.
1.C.nitens Schreber. — Hypnum Schr.; Camptothecium Schimper.
- Leaves narrowly triangular (subovate-lanceolate) gradually
long-acuminate filiform-pointed, not decurrent; alar cells very
small, the others linear; alar and lower basal cells brown; costa
. reaching to acumen. Capsule oblong or subcylindric finally
arcuate; teeth yellow; lid apiculate. Tufts us. yellowish or
golden glossy. — Swamps and peat-bogs. Eur. common in
northern districts. Sweden, Norway! Amer. not common. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.

In var. atrichum Kindb., a princ. arctic plant, tufts are us.
brown, stems without tomentum. Capsules unknown. — Eur.
Norway near Kongsvold! Spetsbergen: R. Gyllencreutz.

2. Luteolaria.

- A. All leaves subulate-acuminate; inner cells linear. Stem-
leaves gen, entire. f

a. Leaves plicate not or shortly decurrent; alar cells small.

2.C.lutescens Hudson. — Hypnum Huds.; Camptothecium :
Br. eur.; C. fallax Philibert; C. fulgescens Mitten.
Leaves narrow-triangular gen. long-acuminate, not decurrent;
apical cells of uppermost branch-leaves sometimes oblong, alar
hot well-distinct, the others gen. linear; costa. reaching to acu-
Men. Stem-leaves entire; branch-leaves narrower, faintly den-
tieulate at acumen and near base, the uppermost often shorter
and serrate above. Perichetial leaves variable, gradually or
abruptly narrowed. Capsule more or less obliqueoften arcuate;
teeth yellow; endostome variable often not well-evolute; pedicel
. Tough. Often pseudo-monoecious. Tufts us. yellowish or green-
. yellow. Branches gen. straight. Dioecious. — On rocks and
earth or on base of trees. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer.
Paci. distr. r. Can.; Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.

C.eneum Mitten. — Hypnum Mitt.; Camptothecium Kindb.;
Homalothecium subsericeum C. M.
Leaves gen. shorter acuminate short-subulate, us. golden
glossy; those of branches more distinctly denticulate. Capsule
| shorter-pedicellate; teeth dark yellow; endostome more evolute;
. cilia sometimes appendiculate. Branches often curved. Amer.

Paci. distr. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S. Henderson, com. Cardot.
kineradense Lesquereux. — Hypnum Lq; Camptothecium

- Differs from C. lutescens: Leaves gradually short-acuminate,
Zen. larger; costa longer, vanishing in acumen. Peristomial

^» 88.

teeth orange. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit.
Macoun.

4.C.oxyeladon Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; C. M. syn.; Cam
tothecium Kindb.

Leaves long-acuminate subulate filiform-pointed short-decurren
entire or at acumen faintly sinuolate; alar cells hyaline; costa
reaching to acumen or shorter. Branches compressed not c
ved. Tufts green silky glossy. »Capsule oval symmetric indi
ned; lid obtuse; pedicel smooth. Monoecious»: C. M. syn. -
Amer. r. Can: Macoun.

5.C.Philippei Spruce. — Isothecium | Spr.; Camptotheciu
Kindb.; Homalothecium Br. eur.

Leaves narrow-triangular long-acuminate, more or less decur-
rent and auricled. Stem-leaves entire; costa long-excurren
Branch-leaves faintly denticulate above, often also near base;
costa vanishing in acumen. Perichetial leaves us. abruptl
narrowed to a long subtiliform point. Capsule subcylindric-
-oblong straight symmetric; teeth yellow; endostome not well
evolute; pedicel smooth or in lower part faintly rough. Tufts
us. green and silky glossy, gen, very dense. Branches straight
or slightly curved. Dioecious, — Calcareous rocks gen. r. Eur. T
Switzerl Austria: Venturi. France: Schimper; Husnot. German
com. Warnstorf, E

b. Leaves plicate long-decurrent; alar cells very large, hyaline
or reddish, ü
6.C.lamprochryseum C. M. et Kindb. — Brachythecium
Can. m. ERES

Leaves gradually narrowed to a short narrowly subulate or .
filiform often curved point, strongly plicate. Stem-leaves gen.
entire; costa vanishing near middle. Branch-leaves faintly den
ticulate all around; acumen longer, costa often reaching to it.
Capsule subovoid or areuate; teeth yellowish or in lower pi
brown; endostome well-evolute; cilia not appendiculate; lid not
seen; pedicel very rough, often long. Tufts us. golden yellow
shining. Stem subpinnate; branches straight. Monoecious.
Resembles somewhat C, lutescens and Brachythecium rivulare. —
Mountain torrents and marshes r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: J.
and J. M. Macoun. "E

€. Leaves faintly striate decurrent; lower basal cells nearly
uniform not large, alar not well-defined. Stem us. creeping:
7.C.acuminatum Hedwig. — Leskea H.: Camptothecium Kindb.:
Homalothecium Ren. et Card.; »Hypnum Beauvois»: Sulliy, ic. m.

_ Leaves crowded with subulate gen. not long acumen, entire
. and recurved below, above middle us. faintly denticulate; middle
and upper cells linear; costa often reaching in acumen. Stem-
leaves subovate-oblong less distinctly triangular; branch-leaves
_ subtriangular ovate-lanceolate. Perichetial leaves long-triangular
fliform-pointed. Capsule us. cylindric straight; cilia rudimen-
tary; segments not well-evolute; annulus none; lid long-conic
&eute; pedicel not long. Tufts compact us. green silky glossy.
Stem creeping; branches subjulaceous often sciuroid-curved.
Dioecious but often fruiting. — Trees and rocks, sometimes in
. Water. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C.
Mueller.

is *C.stenocarpum (Ren. et Card., as var.) Kindb. (in Hedwigia
1896).

Capsule narrower; lid from convex base abruptly rostellate.

Leaves distinctly denticulate nearly all around. — Amer, r.
U. S. Wisconsin: Roell.

SCspurio-aeuminatum C. M. et Kindb. — Brachythecium

. Cat. Can. m.

. Differs from C. acuminatum: Capsule curved; endostome well-
fvolute; cilia long. Leaves distinctly denticulate all around.
Perichetial leaves subulate-acuminate. Tufts loose sparingly
Tadieulose. Monoecious. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

.. B. Branch-leaves obtusate obtuse; apical cells suboblong,
lower oblong-lanceolate. Stem-leaves also denticulate.
9.Calsioides Kindb. in Pittonia 1892.

. , Leaves indistinctly decurrent; costa reaching to acumen or
Jn branch-leaves shorter. Stem-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate,
attenuate to a short acute or subulate acumen, faintly denti-
ulate above middle, more distinctly serrulate at acumen; alar
cells quadrate numerous, the others sublinear. Branch-leaves
narrower, more sharply serrate above. Perichetial leaves abruptly
Narrowed to a long subuliform denticulate often deflexed acu-
mn. Capsule subcylindric curved; teeth orange; segments
: Yellow, lacunose in middle; cilia not appendiculate; lid flat
apiculate; pedicel rough about 16 centim. long. Tufts bright
Briten glossy. Stem curved pinnate; branches obtuse often cur-
Ned when dry. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Amer. California: Mar-
Shall A, Howe.

^ ilies ooo Spei POS e

A. Capsule us. straight symmetric; segments short; cilia none.
Stem-leaves somewhat long-decurrent, us. diversiform; alar cells mie

Zu EB

10.C.sericeum L. — Hypnum L. Camptothecium Kin
Homalothecium Br. eur.

Stem-leaves gen. entire, the elder short; costa reaching
acumen. Branch-leaves longer and narrower, denticulate abo
middle, often also at basal angles; costa longer, not percurrent
Capsule ovate-oblong or subcylindric; teeth pale yellow; annu
revoluble; lid often apiculate. Stem rigid pinnate. Tufts us. -
green and silky glossy. — Male plant much smaller; leaves.
smaller and narrower, those of stem often dentate below, t
of branches with long subfiliform point —— Trees and sto ;
Eur. common. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. r.. U. S. Calif: J
L. C. Feely. Can.: Macoun. s H

B. Capsule asymmetric or curved; segments long; cilia pre-
sent. Stem-leaves short-decurrent; alar cells numerous. agi
11.C.Geehebii Milde. — Hypnum Milde; Camptothecium
Kindb.; Brachythecium Schimper.

Leaves subovate-oblong, those of stem entire, those of br
ches denticulate at acumen; costa vanishing in acumen. Cap
sule suboval; teeth orange; cilia short; annulus persistent;
long-conie; pedicel 1 c. m. long. Stem pinnate. Tufts dus

acumen with oblong cells above costa. Capsule oval-oblong
narrower; cilia long; lid short conic, Tufts silky glossy brow
green. — Rocks r. Amer, Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. |
Henderson, com. Cardot. -

4. Aureolaria.

A. Leaves decurrent, those of stem entire, those of branch
sinuolate or serrate above. Stem with none or few rhizoic

a. Leaves small not long. Capsule oblong: teeth oran
segments and cilia long. Y
13.C.aureum Lagasca. — Hypnum Lag.; Camptothecium |
eur.

Leaves gen. subovate-oblong entire, slightly recurved; cel
linear exc. the alar. Branch-leaves sometimes faintly sinuola
at acumen. Perichetial leaves entire gen. short-acuminal
Capsule nearly straight; lid apiculate. Stem sometimes wil
paraphyllia. Tufts golden glossy. — Stones r. Eur. Mediterran
distr. Greece: Orphanides, com. Heldreich. France: Philibert. -
14.C.pinnatifidum Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. ic. m.

Differs from the last: Inner leaf-cells lanceolate-lineat.

-— NÉE

Perichetial leaves long-acuminate with filiform point. Capsule
curved; lid mamillate. — Shaded rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Can.: Macoun; Roell. U. S.: Bolender, com. C. Mueller.
15.C.arenarium | Lesquereux.

Differs from C. aureum: Stem-leaves more distinctly recurved;
branch-leaves serrate above. Branches less crowded us. Straight.
Tufts dirty yellowish. — Sandy ground r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Bolender, com. C. Mueller and Renauld.

b. Leaves long narrow somewhat large. Capsules unknown.
16.C.sericeoides C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves long-aeuminate subulate; those of branches denticulate
. at acumen, entire below; inner cells linear. Perichetial leaves
. Rérrate to below middle, gradually acuminate subulate. Stem
. not creeping; branches curved. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col.: Macoun.

B. Leaves small and, at least on those of branches, denti-
culate gen. all around. Branches crowded and us. curved.

a. Leaves long narrow gradually long-acuminate. Stem pin-
hate,
17.C.Nuttallii Wilson. — Hypnum Wils.; Sull. ic. muse;
Camptothecium Schimper. —

_ Leaves subulate-acuminate decurrent, broadly recurved often
to middle, minutely serrulate above to below middle, stronger
dentate at base; inner cells linear. Capsule narrowly ovate-
. oblong, slightly curved; teeth orange; segments long or short;
_ Cilia rudimentary; lid apiculate or rostellate. Stem us. cree-
Ping; branches short. Tufts us. golden glossy. Sometimes
pseudo-monoecious. — On trees and logs, r. on rocks. Amer.
. Pacif. distr. r, Can.: Macoun Canad. musci n. 280. U. S.: Roell;
. Boliender, com. Renauld.
.l&C.hamatidens Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.
Differs from the last: Leaves sharply hooked-dentate at base
and at acumen, nearly entire in middle. Capsule subovate;
Segments long split in two divergent legs; cilia distinct, Stem
Dearly eradieulose with often long branches. Tufts often green
and silky glossy, — On rocks r. on trees. Amer. Pacif. distr.
7585 r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell and Miss Mann, com. Cardot.
b. Leaves short and broad.
„aa. Stem pinnate radiculose.
. .C.leucodontoides Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

, "tem-leaves from short-triangular (subcordate or broad-ovate)

abruptly narrowed to a long falcate subulate filiform-

a S

pointed acumen, minutely denticulate above to below mid
stronger serrate at base, broadly recurved only near base, lo
decurrent; alar cells hyaline very numerous, -the others line
costa reaching to acumen. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong subtri
gular acute or short-acuminate, minutely denticulate but
apex serrate, recurved all around; apical cells oblong. Capsu
unknown. Stem creeping, rigid when dry; branches brov
yellowish golden glossy. Dioecious. — Amer. r. U. S. Calil
nia: Mrs L. C. Feely 1882. a
20.C.corticola Kindb. — Homalothecium bull. Torr. club XV.

Stem-leaves ovate-triangular with long filiform point, det
culate at base, sinuolate or nearly entire above, not or n
base slightly recurved, indistinctly decurrent; alar cells few 1
hyaline, the others linear-lanceolate; costa reaching to the poi
Branch-leaves subtriangular or broadly ovate-oblong, short-at
minate acute minutely denticulate, recurved to acumen; up]
cells rhomboidal or oval-oblong; costa shorter. Capsule oblo!
cylindric straight or slightly curved; teeth orange; segme
long split; cilia none; annulus broad; lid short-pointed; pedi
short faintly rough. Branches subjulaceous. Tufts green
pact. Monoecious or pseudo-monoecious. Habit of Pı
intricata. -- On bark of trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Macoun. _

bb. Stem eradiculose, irregularly divided.
21.C.aureolum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. e

Leaves small not decurrent, minutely denticulate all aroun
short-triangular subovate-oblong (or on branches broadly o
lanceolate) with subulate not long acumen; alar cells few,
others lanceolate-linear; costa vanishing below aeumen. Cap:
unknown. Tufts golden glossy. Branches curved. Hab
C. aurewm. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Eur. Norway: E. Ny!
C: Kaurin. U. S. Pacif. distr.: Roell, com. Cardot (»Hon
thecium nevadense var. subulatum» Cardot).

-

a UO o

aa. Alar leaf-cells us. distinct.

IL Stokesiella. Lid of capsule rostrate. Leaves us. distant
and decurrent. Mostly dioecious. |
1. Prelonga. Leaves not appressed. Stem us. pinnate.
2. Velutinoidea. Leaves appressed when dry. Stem not pinnate.
HMI. Weeebrina. Lid of capsule not rostrate. Leaves large
crowded not decurrent, appressed when dry. Stem irregularly
divided. Mostly dioecious.

IV. Starkeella. Lid of capsule not rostrate. Leaves decurrent
. gen. nearly crowded, us. small and not distinctly appressed
when dry. Stem gen. subpinnate. Mostly monoecious.
bb. Alar leaf-cells not distinct.

V. Rhynchostegiella. Lid of capsule us. rostrate. Leaves
more or less distant, not distinctly decurrent and not appressed,
very small, Stem not pinnate. Monoecious. :

. b. Pedicel of capsule smooth or (sometimes in Æ. collinum)
indistinctly rough. Alar leaf-cells gen. distinct.

. VI. Leiopodium. Mostly monoecious.

l. Muraliformia. Lid of capsule rostrate. Leaves gen. large.
Stem us. irregularly divided. Monoecious.

2. Strigosiformia. Lid rostrate. Leaves us. small, those of
branches often obtuse. Stem mostly pinnate. Us. dioecious.
8. Colliniformia. Lid not rostrate. Leaves us. small. Stem us.
hot pinnate. Mostly monoecious.

me L Seabridaria Kindb.

- A. Leaves serrate all around, those of branches small narrow
gradually acuminate. Stem thin not rigid. :
LE.graminieolor Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Eurhynchium
Renauld et Cardot; Hypnum Sullivantii Spruce; Sull. ic. m.

— Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate with subulate
Ren. shortish point, not striate, slightly recurved, patent or
Spreading when dry; cells sublinear or lanceolate exc. the alar;
“osta vanishing near acumen. Perichetial leaves filiform-pointed.
Capsule suboval; lid long-conic apiculate or rostellate; pedicel
hot long. Tufts intricate green not glossy. Stem irregularly
7: divided; branches short distant. Habit of E. prelongum. Dioe-
. ous r, fruiting. — On earth r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser.
U.S: Roell.

?Esubseabridum Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893.

., Differs from the last: Stems subjulaceous; branches attenuate
longish nearly crowded. Leaves shorter, more concave and
longer decurrent; alar cells more numerous. Stem-leaves ovate

e

filiform-pointed; branch-leaves ovate-oblong long-acuminate, Tufts
pale green. Sometimes pseudo-monoecious. Capsules unkno
— Limestone rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

B. Leaves serrate all around broad and somewhat large sub-
obtusate or abruptly short-acuminate. Stem thick rigid. :
3.E.scabridum Lindberg in litt. — Bryhnia Kaurin. j

Leaves short acute faintly striate strongly mamillose, long-
decurrent recurved near base; alar cells somewhat numerous,
the others sublinear-lanceolate; costa vanishing near middle
or shorter. Stem-leaves ovate; branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Cap-
sule suboval; lid long-conic. Tufts dark green. Stem decum-
bent gen. irregularly divided; branches short obtuse dista
straight often subjulaceous. Dioecious. — Earth r. Eur. Norway:
N. Bryhn; E. Nyman.

C. Leaves serrulate at the subulate shortish point, broad ant
somewhat large. Stem thick rigid.
4.E.Nove Angliz Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Hypnum $8. L.
Sull. ic. m.; Eurhynchium Kindb.; Hypnum Lq. et Jam. —

Leaves not striate, nearly appressed when dry and not recu
ved, from gen. broad-ovate base abruptly acuminate; alar
subquadrate, the others lower suboval, the upper oblong-lan
late; costa vanishing below acumen. Capsule oblong or curved
lid long-conie sometimes rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts
somewhat loose, brownish or yellowish at least below, often
pale green above. Stem ascending subpinnate; branches gen.
straight and short. Dioecious. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can.
Moser. U. S: Austin, com. Macoun; Sullivant et Lesq., com.
Cardot.
5.E.chloropterum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. |

Differs from the last: Leaves striate not appressed, often
recurved to middle, less abruptly narrowed, glaucous green a
longer decurrent; upper cells sublinear; costa shorter, vanishing
near middle. Branches often fasciculate in upper part of stem,
us. curved. Sometimes monoecious. Resembles somewhat
Hypnum decipiens or a Thuidium in habit. — Wet earth a
rocks r. Amer. Can. N. Brunswick: Moser; N. Foundl. comme
Waghorne, :

II. Stokesiella Kindb.
l. Preelonga.

A. Leaves denticulate all around. ti

a. Leaves long-acuminate; those of stem very broad at base,
long-decurrent; angular cells numerous, special alar large. —

— E

6.E.Stokesii Turner. — Hypnum Tum.; Eurhynchium Br. eur.

Leaves serrulate striate with narrowly subulate acumen; celle
gen. linear exc. the angular; costa vanishing in acumen. Leaves
of the thicker stem broad-ovate often filiform-pointed; those of
branches ovate or ovate-oblong; those of the complanate branchlets
very small and narrow. Capsule strangulate suboval or curved;
pedicel often long. Tufts us. green. Stem us. ascending, some-
times with paraphyllia; branches thin often fasciculate. R.
fruiting. — On earth and stones or at base of trees. Eur.
prine. in southern distr. Germany, Italy! Sweden: Lindberg.
Amer. common in Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun, U. S: Mrs L.
. C. Feely; Henderson, com. Cardot.

*E.pseudo-speciosum Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves squarrose; costa vanishing below acumen. Stem cree-

ping. Capsules unknown. —- Wet places r. Amer. Alaska: J.

M. Macoun. Eur. Sweden: J. Persson.

7.E.oreganum Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull.; Eurhynchium Kindb.

Differs from E. Stokesii: Leaves larger, minutely denticulate,
less distant or nearly crowded. Capsule not distinctly constricted.

Tufts looser, finally yellowish. Stem decumbent more rigid;
_ primary branches thick often plumiform; branchlets not com-

planate. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun;

Dawson, U. S.: Hertzman, com. E. Nyman; Henderson, com.
.... Cardot.

a b. Leaves not much broad at base, gen. not or slightly de-
Current, with a not long acumen; angular (alar) cells few. Stem
decumbent; branches often complanate.

: . a. Leaves large serrulate gen. distinetly decurrent. Some-
-~ limes synoecious. : i
8.E.speciosum Rridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Eurhynchium Milde;
Hypnum Starkii C. M. syn.

Leaves short-acuminate subovate or (those of branches) ovate-
oblong, faintly striate, very chlorophyllose, distant; cells subli-
Tear exc, the alar; costa vanishing below acumen. Capsule
Ovaloblong; pedicel long. Stem creeping somewhat thick.
2 fts green often glossy. — Humid stones and earth in woods.

— Eur. not r. in south. distr. Switzerl., Germany!

= bb. Leaves not large, gen. minutely denticulate;
~ branches not distinctly decurrent. i

; 9.E.przlongum L. — Hypnum H; Eurhynchium Br. eur.;
.. Hypnum distans Lindb.; H. hians Sull. ie. m.
. Leaves distant gen. subovate subobtusate and not striate;
— felis us. oblong-lanceolate; costa vanishing below acumen.

those of

— 96 —

Capsule oval-oblong; pedicel sometimes long. Stem us.
and eradiculose with distant branches. Tufts greenish us. loi
and not glossy. — On earth and logs, less often on roc
Eur. common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. |
common. Can.: Macoun; Moser, Waghorne. U. S.: Langlois,
com. Cardot. Greenl: Wenck, com. Roell. 2
* E.Swartzii Turner. — Hypnum Turn.; Lindb.; Eurhynchiv
Curnow. -
Leaves broad-ovate short-acuminate crowded; cells oblon
lanceolate. Stem thicker and somewhat rigid, sparingly ra
culose; branches nearly crowded. Tufts dark green somewh
dense. — Shaded stones and logs in woods. Eur. not comm
Sweden!; Lindberg.

* E.Sehleicheri Hedw. fil — Hypnum H. f; Eurhynebit
Lorentz.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate sometimes long-acuminate, us. crow-
ded; cells sublinear; costa long often short-excurrent. Capsule
and pedicel shorter. Tufts dense. — Rocks r. Eur. Swede
Belgium: Roemer.

*E.hians Hedwig, — Hypnum H., not Sulliv.; Eurhynch
Kindb. j
Leaves. gen. ovate-lanceolate with longish filiform point; upp
cells lanceolate. Capsule smaller; pedicel short. Stem creep
— Amer. probably not r. Can. Macoun; Moser. U. S.: H
com. Macoun. ;
10.E.pumilum Wilson. — Hypnum W.; Eurhynchium Schi
Leaves distant subdistichous very small subovate (or th
of branches. ovate-oblong) acute, neither striate nor decurr
cells suboblong or broadly lanceolate exc. the not much disti
alar; costa vanishing near middle. Capsule small. oval; ped
Short. "Tufts dense green. Stem creeping subeapillary. —
sembles a small var. of E. prelongum. — Earth and rock:
Eur. Switzerl.! |
ll.E.tieinense Kindb. bull. soc. bot. ital. 1895. — E. Teesd:
var., Kindb. revue bryol. 1897.
Leaves small subdistant or nearly erowded, ovate-oblong
broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, not decurrei
upper cells lanceolate-oblong, lower nearly uniform subquadr:
costa percurrent or subpercurrent, well-distinct. Stem thin
sparingly radiculose, irregularly divided. Tufts compact gre
Capsules and flowers unknown.

à : 1 Resembles Eurhynchium Tı
dalei, which differs in opake still smaller and narrower leay

— MO S

— Stones and stonewalls r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano! Italy
near Como!

B. Leaves (at least those of stem) entire below, distant,
somewhat large. Stem decumbent; branches gen. not complanate.

a. Leaves decurrent.
12.E.pseudo-velutinoides Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Leaves subulate-acuminate filiform-pointed not or slightly
striate, faintly reflexed near base; cells eublinear; costa short.
. Stem-leaves entire subovate or ovate-oblong; costa scarcely reaching
. to middle, Branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate denticulate all around;
costa reaching somewhat above middle. Perichetial leaves with
. very long filiform point. Capsules not seen; pedicel rough.
Tufts loose green. Stem not creeping. — On earth r. Amer.
Can. Vanc. isl: Macoun 1893.

b. Leaves not decurrent.
13.E.scleropus Br. eur.; Husnot muscol. gall.

Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong with short subulate point,
serrate above, not recurved; upper and middle cells oval-oblong,
the lower suboblong except the alar; costa vanishing above
middle far below apex. Perichetial leaves with long filiform
point. Capsule oval-oblong; pedicel not long. »Tufts yellowish
or olive-green, nearly eradiculose. Resembles JE. velufinoides but
differs from it in larger more distant not distinctly striate
leaves, their cells wider.» Husnot l. e. — Rocks r. Eur. »Ger-
many: Muehlenbeck»: Schimper.
14.E.lentum Mitten. — Hypnum Mitt.; Eurhynchium Kindb.
"Leaves less large, pellucid not striate, nearly crowded. Stem-
leaves entire subovate abruptly tapering to a somewhat long
narrowly subulate point; cells linear exc. the small dusky at
the insertion, the alar not distinct; costa vanishing near middle.
Branch-leaves ovate-oblong recurved and entire to above middle,
denticulate in upper part; upper cells oblong-lanceolate, the
lower linear exc. the lowest basal; costa thicker below, vani-
g above middle. Capsule oblong-cylindrie subarcuate; lid
Not seen; pedicel short. Tufts yellowish green eradiculose.
Branches somewhat compressed. — Logs in woods r. Amer.
Van. Vane. isl: Macoun Canad. musci n. 292, determined by
Prof. C. Mueller. :
Te 2. . Velutinoidea.

A. Leaves minutely denticulate all around.
15.E.Dawsoni Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII. |
. Leaves decurrent nearly crowded, large. Stem-leaves from

c e

subovate base somewhat long-acuminate, recurved below; uppí
cells lanceolate, the lower and the numerous angular rhomboi-
dal-oblong, special alar not well-defined; costa vanishing i
acumen or subpercurrent. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong short:
acuminate. Capsules unknown. Tufts dense dirty green near:
eradieulose. — Logs and rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.
B. Leaves nearly entire below middle. :
16.E.velutinoides Bruch. — Hypnum Bruch; Eurhynchium
Br. eur; »Hypnum filiforme Lamarck»: C. M. syn.
Leaves with short subulate or filiform twisted point, recurved
below middle, distant decurrent, somewhat large; cells lanceo-
late exc. the subquadrate near base, alar not well-defined; costa
reaching to or in acumen. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong often entire;
branch-leaves | ovate-lanceolate more or less striate. Capsule
oblong; pedicel short very rough. Tufts yellowish or green,
silky glossy. Habit of Brachythecium populeum and B. crassi-
nervium. — Trees and rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.| Austria: Breidler.
France: Anthouard, com. Berthoumieu. =
17.E.Villardi Renauld et Cardot. — Brachythecium R. et C.
Eurhynchium Kindb.
Differs from the last: Leaves less distant; cells linear-lanceo-
late except the few quadrate alar; costa not reaching to acumen.
Capsules unknown; »pedicel rough; monoecious»: R. et C. —
Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. distr. Roell; also com. Cardot.
III. Illecebrina C, Mueller (Scleropodium Schimper).
A. Leaves round-obtuse at apex (r. subapiculate), entire or
at apex obsoletely crenulate. Stem eradiculose; branches often
long. Very r. fruiting. "
18.E.obtusifolium Drummond. — Hypnum Dr.; Eurhynchium
Kindb. e
Leaves :suboval, the lower broader; apical cells oblong, alar
hyaline somewhat large, the others narrow-linear; costa thick
vanishing near apex. Tufts glossy green or finally brown
Habit of E. rusciforme. Dioecious. »Capsule oblong horizo
tal»: Lesq. et Jam. — Stones in brooks. Amer. Pacif. distr.
not r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.
B. Leaves not arrounded at apex, more or less denticulate.
Stem more or less radiculose; branches short.
a. Branch-leaves minutely denticulate. Dioecious.
19.E.illecebrum Beauvois. — Hypnum »Beauy.s: Lindb.
»Schweegrichen»: Schimp.; Eurhynchium Milde; Hypnum (Scle-
ropodium) Ornellanum Molendo, Limpricht ? . ks

a UA

Lower stem-leaves entire ovate abruptly short-acuminate.
Upper stem-leaves subdenticulate narrowly ovate-oblong, gradually
subulate-acuminate; branch-leaves shorter, ovate-oblong acute or
subobtuse, sometimes with filiform point; upper cells rhombic-

. oblong, middle and lower lanceolate-linear, the not large angular
hyaline subquadrate; costa stout but not long, vanishing near
or above middle, sometimes forking. Perichetial leaves long-
acuminate nearly entire. Capsule horizontal turgid oval-oblong
or faintly curved; lid apiculate or rostellate. Tufts green or
golden glossy. Branches obtuse. — On rocks or stonewalls or
on earth in grassy places r. Eur. Italy: Arcangeli. Greece:
Heldreich. France: Husnot; Le Jolis. Germany: Roell. Engl.:
Curnow. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

Hoteepitomm Wilson. — Hypnum Wils.; Eurhynchium
Milde.

Differs from the last: Stem-leaves entire, from subovate base
tapering to a short subulate point. Branch-leaves subovate
short-acuminate acute; costa thinner. Capsule suboblong nearly
straight suberect; lid short-apiculate. Tufts green or dirty green.
Branches attenuate. — Sandstone, willow-trees and humid earth
r Eur. Engl: Wilson, com. Schimper. France: com. Husnot.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.
21.E.subcæspitosum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from the both last: Leaves narrower, less crowded
= and not densely appressed; those of stem ovate-oblong often
ae filiform-pointed; cells gen. linear exc. the dilated hyaline alar
. and lowest basal. Branch-leaves denticulate only in upper "i.
Tufts yellowish green faintly glossy. Capsules unknown. —
Wet rocks r, Amer. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun 1893. |

b. Branch-leaves sharply serrate near apex. Monoecious.

22.E.Macounii Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. f
Stem-leaves ovate-oblong long-acuminate often filiform-pointed,

denticulate at least at acumen. Branch-leaves subovate-lanceo-
late obtusate denticulate below; upper cells rhombic, alar hya-

Tine subquadrate, the others sublinear-lanceolate; costa stout

. Vanishing above middle. Perichetial leaves long-acuminate fili-

- form-pointed denticulate above. Capsule narrow-eylindrie sub-

. rect nearly straight; lid rostellate. Tufts golden glossy or green.

Stem subpinnate; branches acute. — Logs and willow-trees r.
. Amer, Pacif, distr, Can.: Roell; Macoun Canad. musci 290 in part.
m IV. Starkeella Kindb. :
— À. Leaves more or less striate or plicate. Monoecious,

IH —

Kindb.; Hypnum curtum Lindb.; Brachythecium Starkii Schim:
syn. in part; B. pseudo-Starkii Ren. et Card.

Leaves large gradually acuminate with sublinear or filifort
often twisted point, long decurrent, more or less distant; a
cells large hyaline subquadrate not numerous; other cells la
ceolate; costa not reaching to acumen, often very short. Ste
leaves subovate denticulate all around; branch-leaves from broadl
ovate-oblong base tapering to a somewhat long acumen. Capsule
large ovaloblong or arcuate; cilia appendiculate; lid rostella’
or mamillate; pedicel long. Tufts loose green faintly glossy.
— On earth in woods, probably not uncommon. Eur. Sweden!;
S. O. Lindberg. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. U. 8.
Roell, com. Cardot.

24.E.trachypodium Funck. — Hypnum Funck; Eurhynchiun
Kindb.; Brachythecium Br. eur. p

Leaves not large, not or shortly decurrent, distant or crowded;
alar cells small gen. not much distinct; other cells gen. subli
near; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Stem-leaves gen.
ovate-oblong sometimes with long straight filiform point; branch-
leaves narrower, gradually subulate. Perichetial leaves fimbriate.
Capsule not large, oval-oblong not or slightly curved; cilia not
appendiculate; pedicel short. Tufts dense or loose, often golden
glossy. Stem creeping subpinnate. Resembles Brachythecium.

velutinum. — Caverns and crevices of alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway,
Switzerl.! Amer. Greenl.: Berggren.

* E.Payoti Schimper. — Brachythecium Sch.; Eurhynch
Kindb.

Leaves erowded; those of stem often abruptly narrowed to
curved filiform point. Capsules unknown. — In alps r. Et
Mont Blanc: Payot, com. Husnot.

b. Branch-leaves minutely denticulate or nearly entire. P
dicel sometimes faintly rough or smooth. Leaves plicate nearly
crowded. ae
25.E.glaeiale Br. eur. — Brachythecium B. e.; Eurhynchium Kbg.

Leaves subovate with short subulate or filiform point, nearly
appressed when dry; upper cells either linear-lanceolate or oblong-
oval, lower basal suboval except the numerous subquadrat
(green or hyaline) alar. Stem-leaves broad-ovate, ime:
long-decurrent and nearly entire; costa gen. vanishing in midd

. Branch-leaves ovate denticulate all around; costa reachin
acumen,

— 101 —

Perichetial leaves erect. Capsule small suboval not curved;
cilia not appendiculate; pedicel gen. short, us. faintly rough.
Tufts dense green often not glossy. Stem subpinnate more or
less radiculose. Leaves variable in size, sometimes nearly as
smalls as in E. reflexum. — Earth near rivulets in higher alp.
region r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer, Greenl.: Berggren.
26.E.Roellii Renauld et Cardot. — Brachythecium R. et C.;
Eurliynehium Kindb.

Leaves subovate or ovate-oblong with somewhat short acumen,
denticulate all around, less appressed; cells lanceolate exc. the
few quadrate dusky alar; costa gen. not reaching to acumen.
Capsules unknown. Stem eradiculose irregularly divided. Tufts
dirty green. Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl.: Roell, com. Cardot.
27.E.labradoricum Kindb. n. sp; »E. subglaciale» in litt.

ad Macoun.
= Differs from E. glaciale: Leaves larger somewhat glossy, not
appressed when dry; cells sublinear except the large not nume-
rous alar; costa vanishing near middle. Stem-leaves gen. entire;
branch-leaves long-acuminate minutely denticulate above. Pe-
_ ‘ichetial leaves patent. Capsule curved; pedicel quite smooth,
. 9—4 c. m. long; lid acute; peristome not seen. — Amer. r.
. Can. Northern Labrador: Macoun 1896.

. B. Leaves not striate. Capsule us. small; pedicel rough.

. a. Branch-leaves serrate. Monoecious. Stem us. creeping.
28.E.reflexum Starke. — Hypnum $t; Eurhynchium Kindb.;
. Brachythecium Br. eur.

‘Leaves small and short with subfiliform or subulate gen.
not long point; cells wide (as in Amblystegium): upper suboblong,
the very numerous basal and angular larger, suboval or rotun-
date; special alar cells green few not well-defined; costa per-
Current. Stem-leaves broadly round-ovate nearly entire, abruptly
narrowed to the point. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong subulate-
acuminate serrate all around. Capsule us. small suboval or
arcuate; cilia appendiculate; lid apiculate; pedicel faintly rough,
often not long. Tufts us. dense green. Stem rigid pinnate or
bipinnate. — On rocks, earth and base of trees. Eur. not r.
Sweden and Norway common! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
29.E.pacificum Kindb. n. sp. — Brachythecium reflexum var.
Pacificum Renauld et Cardot. :

. Differs from the last: Leaves larger and narrower with gen.
long filiform point; cells oblong-lanceolate exc. the well-defined
alar; costa abbreviate. Stem irregularly divided and not

— 102 —

rigid. Capsules not seen. — Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. distr.
Roell. ge
30.E.Starkei Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Lindb.; Eurhynchium
Kindb.; Brachythecium Br. eur. in part. 1

Differs from the resembling H. reflexum: Leaves a little larger,
distinctly denticulate all around, with short often twisted point;
upper cells sublinear, lowest oblong-oval not numerous, alar
quadrate hyaline well-defined; costa not percurrent, often vani-
shing below acumen. Tufts more dense. Stem irregularly
divided or subpinnate. — Rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.
Amer. Can. Macoun; Waghorne.

b. Leaves minutely denticulate, Dioecious. Stem sparingly
radiculose.

31.K.Bolenderi Lesquereux. —— Hypnum Lesq.; Eurhynchium
Kindb. |
Leaves subdistichous very small, short-acuminate acute; cells
gen. linear exc. the few quadrate alar. Stem-leaves ovate or
ovate-oblong, sometimes filiform-pointed; costa vanishing near
middle. Branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate; costa vanishing
above middle. Capsule suboval very small; lid subobtuse; pe-
dicel short. Tufts brownish dense. Stem thin not rigid, irre
gularly divided. — Wet places in woods r. Amer. U. S. Pacii
distr: Boleender, com. Renauld.
V. Rhynchostegiella Bruch et Schimper. E

A. Pedicel of capsule smooth. Leaves not opake and not
much distant; costa well-defined. Tufts silky glossy. Us. fruiting.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate gradually long-acuminate
nearly entire; cells linear; costa reaching
into acumen or shorter. Capsule oval; lid rostrate. — Crevices
of gen. caleareous rocks and stone-walls. Eur. not r. in southern
distr. Italy, Switzerl., Sweden!

B. Pedicel rough. Leaves opake distant; costa gen. faint or
not well-defined. Tufts not glossy. R. fruiting. D
33.E.Teesdalei Smith. — Hypnum $m; Eurhynchium Schimp.

Leaves gen. broadly oblong-lanceolate and obtusate, denticulate
nearly all around; cells lanceolate; costa gen. subpercurrent.
Capsule oval-oblong; lid rostellate or apiculate. — Rocks near
water r. Eur. Engl: Holt; Rogers. Italy: Arcangeli. nost
* E.Jaequini Garovaglio, — Hypnum Gar.; Eurhynchium Kindb.

— 103 —

Leaves gen. narrower and acute or short-acuminate. — Eur.
r, Austria: Venturi. Sweden: E. Wetterhall.
. 94.E.eurvisetum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Eurhynchium Husnot.
. Leaves oblong-lanceolate us. short-acuminate acute, nearly
entre below middle; cells lanceolate; costa shortish. Capsule
oval-oblong; lid rostrate. --- Rocks r. Eur. Italy: Arcangeli.
Amer. U. S.: James.
*Elitoreum Notaris. — Hypnum Not.; Eurhynchium Kindb.,
. Rhynehostegiella Limpricht. _

Leaves long-acuminate narrower. Lid of capsule rostellate.
— Wet rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Germany:
Schimper.

VI. Leiopodium Kindb.
1. Muraliformia.

A. Leaves suboval-ovate obsoletely denticulate or entire; cells
gen. lanceolate-oblong.
35.E.murale Necker. — Hypnum Neck.; Eurhynchium Milde;
Rhynchostegium Br. eur.

Leaves obtusate (obtuse or short apiculate), nearly crowded;
not decurrent; alar cells suboval; costa thin gen. not long,
Sometimes obsolete. Capsule oblong; pedicel short. Tufts green.
Stem creeping; branches sometimes julaceous. — Stone-walls
and rocks, Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden r.: S. Hardin; Berggren.
Engl.: Cash. France: Husnot.

B. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong denticulate; cells gen. linear.

a. Leaves not decurrent. Pedicel short.

. 96.E.ruseiforme Weis. — Hypnum Weis; Eurhynchium Milde;
Rhynchostegium Schimp. : :
Leaves us. obtusate (acute or r. obtuse) and large, r. distant;
. lowest basal cells oblong-oval few not much distinct; costa thick
long often subpercurrent. Capsule oval-oblong. Tufts us. olive-
= green. Stem often rigid, r. creeping. Plants us. robust, often
‘Sterile. — Wet rocks and logs nearly common. Eur. Sweden,
—. Norway, Switzerl,, Italy! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. .
E 3T. E.eonfertum Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks; Eurhynchium
Milde; Rhynchostegium Br. eur.
Leaves acute or short-acuminate, nearly crowded; lowest basal
4 oval-oblong, alar not much distinct; costa thin vanishing
~ Dear middle, sometimes obsolete. Capsule suboblong or arcuate.
fts green. Stem creeping not rigid. Plants not robust. —
CE Stones, r. at base of trees. Eur. not r. in southern distr.
—. Bwitzerl.l

— 104 —

* E.Delognei Piré; Boulay muscin. de la France.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate subdistichous; costa longer. —
r. France: Husnot.
b. Leaves decurrent and distant. Pedicel long. E
38.E.megapolitanum Blandow. Hypnum Bl. Eurhynchi
Milde; Rhynchostegium Br. eur.

Leaves acute acuminate often pellucid, alar cells large nui
rous subquadrate; costa thin vanishing near middle. Capsu
arcuate suboblong or subcylindric. Tufts green or pale gi
sometimes glossy. Stem not creeping. — Sandy places a
stones gen. r. Eur. Switzerl.! Germany: Warnstorf,

2. Strigosiformia.

39.E.strigosum Hoffmann. — Hypnum Hoffm.; Eurhyne
Br. eur.

Leaves serrulate gen. not much distant and not long-dec
rent; middle cells sublinear, lowest basal short; costa not lo
vanishing above middle. Lower stem-leaves ovate-oblong
minate. Branch-leaves subovate obtusate (acute or obtu
their apical cells often oval-oblong; costa often short. Ca
suboblong gen. faintly constricted, r. arcuate; cilia not app
diculate. Tufts us. green and faintly glossy. Stem cree
sometimes with paraphyllia. Dioecious or pseudo-monoeci
— On rocks and on base of trees. Hu. not common. Swi

and Norway not r. Amer. Can. common: Macoun; Waghori
U. S: Roell. :

*E.precox Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Eurhynchium |
taris.

Branehes julaceous; their leaves gen. obtuse. Tufts de
Stem not pinnate. — Earth and rocks r. Eur. Norway!
Can.: Macoun.

* E.diversifolium Bryol. eur.

Branches us. julaceous; their leaves gen. obtuse with sub:
oblong inner cells. Tufts less dense. Stem sometimes pin
— On earth r. Hur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

40.E.substrigosum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Differs from E. strigosum: Leaves larger and subdistich
more distant and long-decurrent, glossy yellowish. Cap:
strangulate larger; cilia appendiculate. Branches more d
. Monoecious. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif, distr. Can. Brit.

Macoun. U: 8; Roell. - : [fec

— 105 —

4l.E.aeutifolium Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895; in Hedwigia 1897.
Differs from E. strigosum: Leaves long-distant long-decurrent
with long subulate acumen, spreading also when dry; branches
more distant; pedicel of capsule longer; monoecious. — Wet
logs r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun 1893. U.
$. Washington: Fenzler, com. Roell.
3. Colliniformia.

A. Leaves entire somewhat large. Monoecious.

. 42.K.Krausei C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; Eurhynchium
. . Kindb.

»Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate short-acuminate; cells
sublinear exc. the small numerous pellucid alar; costa often
forking. Capsule cylindric arcuate; lid conie mamillate; pedicel
short. Tufts pale: green. Stem irregularly divided; branches
julaceous, —- Amer. r. Alaska: Krause»: C. M. in Flora 1887.

B. Leaves small serrulate not decurrent. Capsule erect nearly
symmetric. Synoecious.
43.E.utahense James. — Brachythecium Jam ; Sull, icon. muse.;
Eurhynehium Kindb.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate gradually acuminate, serrulate
or at the subulate acumen serrate; cells sublinear exc. the
» quadrate well-defined alar; costa reaching to middle. Periche-
tial leaves serrate above. Capsule suboval; cilia very short;
annulus narrow; lid obtuse; pedicel short. Tufts pale fuscescent.
Stem creeping; branches not distinctly . julaceous. Habit of
E. collinum, — Sandstone rocks in alp. region r. Amer. »U. S.

Utah»: Sullivant. :

C. Leaves small gen. serrulate all around. Capsule oblique.
Monoecious, ?
44.E.collinum Schleicher. — Hypnum Schl.; Eurhynchium

db; Brachythecium Br. eur.

Leaves decurrent, faintly striate. Stem-leaves from broad-
ovate base suddenly tapering to a subfiliform often twisted point;
Upper cells linear hyaline, lower oblong, angular oval-quadrate,
‘Special alar not well-defined; costa vanishing near middle or
Shorter. Branch-leaves ovate less abruptly narrowed and stronger
dentate; costa often reaching above middle. Capsule thick
8üboval often horizontal; lid subobtuse; pedicel short sometimes
slightly and distantly rough. Tufts green faintly glossy, us.
Compact. Stem creeping; branches short subjulaceous. Habit of
— E. strigosum *precor.-— Rocks and their crevices in alps r. Eur.
Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S: Roell, com. Cardot.

8

= ib e

* E.tromsoénse Kaurin. — Brachythecium Kaur.; Eurhynchium
Kindb. ;
Leaves more minutely denticulate, those of stem nearly entire.
Pedicel smooth. — Rocks r. Eur. Sweden below alpine regions:
Arnell.
* E.idahense Renauld et Cardot. — Brachythecium R. C.
Eurhynchium Kindb.
»Leaves larger, subsecund; costa reaching to %/s. Pedicel
smooth sometimes. 17 m. m. long. -— Amer. r. U. S.»: Ren
et Card.
45.E.Bryhnii Kindb. botan. notiser 1896, — Brachythecium
collinum var. Bryhnii Kaurin. :
Tufts less compact. Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong gradually
acuminate; inner basal cells sublinear; costa longer. Capsule
oblong much longer pedicellate. — Caverns of rocks in higher
alp. region r. Eur. Norway in Knudshoe near Kongsvold 1500
metr. a. s.l; N. Bryhn and P. Olsson.
46.E.pseudo-collinum Kindb. — Braehythecium | Kindb. cat.
Canad. m. :
Differs from E. collinum: Branches not being julaceous. Leaves
somewhat larger and longer, ovate-lanceolate gradually tapering
to a short twisted point, not densely crowded; cells chloro-
phyllose, alar larger; costa reaching above middle. |
Can. N. Brunsw. below alp. district: Moser; Labrador: Waghorne.
58. Braehythecium Bryol. eur.
A. Leaves gen. large and (also when moist) plicate, us
(except B. mamilligerum) recurved at borders. Lid of capsule
not rostrate; pedicel smooth. =
I. Salebrosaria. Leaves large (exc. B. levisetum and some-
times B. albicans), often filiform-pointed, gen. (exc. B. digastrum
and sometimes B. albicans) long. Stem often radiculose. Dioe-
cious or monoecious, r. synoecious 2
1. Eplieata. Leaves not plicate,
2. Plieata. Leaves plicate. f
B. Leaves large not plicate, faintly or not recurved. Lid
of capsule (exc. B. Ryani and sometimes B. Vaucheri) us. ro-
strate; pedicel (exc. B. fagineum) rough. d
IL Eurhynchiopsis. Leaves gen. broad and not long; upper
branch-leaves us. abruptly narrowed to a long filiform poin
Stem sparingly radiculose; branches often julaceous. Dioecious
r. fruiting. 2d
C. Leaves large (exc. sometimes B, populeum) and (exc. B.

=- 107 —

spurio-rutabulum and sometimes B. rivulare) not plicate when
moist, often recurved. Lid of capsule (exc. sometimes B. vallium
and B. asperrimum) not rostrate; pedicel rough. — .
Leaves not abruptly narrowed to the less often filiform point.
a. Leaves gen. short and broad, r. recurved, sometimes plicate.
III. Rutabularia. Pedicel of capsule distinctly and wholly

. rough. Mostly dioecious.

. b. Leaves not plicate, often recurved, gen. long.

IV. Plumosaria. Pedicel of capsule very faintly rough or
sometimes nearly smooth. Monoecious.

V. Pseudo-Plumosaria. Pedicel of capsule very rough; lid
sometimes rostrate. Monoecious or dioecious.

D. Leaves not large and gen. not broad, r. plicate and less
often recurved. Lid of capsule not rostrate; pedicel us. rough.
VL Velutinaria. Stem us. creeping.

I. Salebrosaria Kindb.
1. Eplicata.
l.B.Mildei Schimper. — Hypnum aeutum Mitten; Brachythe-

eium Sull. ic. m.

Leaves nearly entire (or faintly sinuolate) narrowly ovate-
oblong or ovate-lanceolate with long subulate acumen, not re-
curved below, subdecurrent somewhat distant; alar cells some-
what large hyaline not few, the others sublinear; costa longish
but not reaching to acumen. Capsule arcuate; teeth brown-
Yellow; cilia appendiculate; annulus none; lid conic apiculate;
pedicel often long. Tufts green or yellowish faintly glossy and
sparingly radiculose. Branches slightly compressed often sub-
Pinnate. Monoecious or synoecious us. fruiting. — Peat-bogs,
logs and stones not common. Eur. Sweden! Germany: Milde.
.. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: com. Macoun; Roell.

?B.pseud-albieans Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Leaves short-acuminate faintly denticulate all around, some-
What, distant, patent when dry; lowest basal cells finally brown,

r large on a triangular space, the others linear-lanceolate;
Costa short vanishing below or near middle. Stem-leaves ovate;
branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Tufts yellowish sparingly radiculose.
ranches compressed. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — Wet
gs or sand-dunes near Pacific sea r. Amer. Can. Vanc. isl:
Coun Canad. m. n. 285.

2. Plicata. -
ES Leaves us. entire, more or less appressed when dry.
lid of capsule acute; cilia not appendiculate.

— 108 —

à. Leaves gen. entire and glossy. Annulus of capsu
narrow. Dioecious.
3.B.albieans Necker. — Hypnum Neck.; Brachythecium E
eur. d

Leaves (at least on branches) with long subulate acumen,
sometimes small; alar cells well-defined on a narrow-rectang ul
space, the others linear-lanceolate; costa often reaching to ac
men. Stem-leaves us. subovate or with ovate base; branch-
leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate. Capsule small subov
or faintly curved; pedicel not long. Tufts us. pale or whiti
green. — Mostly on dry sand. Eur. not uncommon. Swedei
M. Huss, fruiting. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. Alaska: Palmer
S.: Roell, com. Cardot.
4.B.glareosum Bruch; Br. eur. — B. tauriscorum Molendo.

Leaves large with subulate acumen and long filiform often
twisted point; alar cells well-defined, also the lowest basal short,
the others linear-lanceolate; costa gen. vanishing near middl
Stem-leaves abruptly narrowed, broadly ovate-oblong. Brand
leaves ovate-lanceolate with long subulate faintly dentieula
acumen and shorter point. Capsule large arcuate; pedicel u
short. Tufts us. pale green or yellowish. Stem eradieuk
sometimes with paraphyllia. — Dry gravelly or calcareous places
and stone-walls. Eur. not common. Sweden, Norway, Swit
Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Drummond n. 174.
5.B.turgidum C. Hartman.

Leaves large entire ovate-lanceolate with subulate not
acumen; alar cells few and small, the others sublinear; costa
vanishing near middle or somewhat longer. Capsula arcuati
pedicel not long. Tufts loose eradiculose yellow-green or golden
glossy. Stem robust turgid often long and simple. — Swat
in alps r. Eur. Norway (fruit); C. Hartman. Spetsbergen: |
Gyllencreutz. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren
Can.: Macoun.

b. Leaves faintly denticulate above and entire below, not
glossy. Capsule not annulate. Monoecious. |
6.B.digastrum C. M. et Kindb, cat. Canad. m. 3

Leaves large recurved to the short subulate acumen; alar

coun; Moser.

— 109 —

B. Leaves patent when dry; those of branches us. denticu-
late all around. Monoecious or (B. luteolum) dioecious, r. syn-
oecious.

a. Leaves entire or (at acumen) faintly sinuolate.
7.B.mamilligerum Kindb. cat. Can. m.
Leaves large narrowly ovate-lanceolate with long subulate

filiform-pointed acumen, not or indistinctly recurved below, not
densely crowded, nearly spreading when moist; alar cells not
well-defined, the few lowest basal short, the others linear; costa
vanishing in middle or longer. Perichetial leaves with long
filiform point. Capsule suboval or arcuate not large; cilia not
appendiculate; annulus none; lid mamillate; pedicel long. Tufts
yellowish faintly glossy, very dense and radiculose. Stem sub-
pinnate; branches faintly compressed. — Wet logs near springs
r. Amer, Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.

b. Leaves distinctly denticulate.

aa. Alar leaf-cells small green well-defined. Perichetial
leaves obtuse. Dioecious r. fruiting.
8.B.luteolum C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M. syn.; Brachythe-
cum Kindb.; »B. letum» Schimper, non Bridel.

; Leaves large with shortish acumen; cells eublinear exc. the
. alar; costa sometimes reaching into base of acumen. Stem-
leaves ovate or ovate-oblong denticulate above and filiform-
pointed; branch-leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate,
dentieulate all around. Capsule suboblong arcuate or suberect;
cilia not appendiculate; annulus none; lid short-apiculate; pedicel
not long. Tufts green often glossy and radiculose. Branches
often pinnate. — On calcareous or basaltic rocks, r. on trees,
r. Eur. Switzerl., Norway! Germany: Geheeb; Roemer. j
bb. Lowest basal cells nearly uniform and dilated. Peri-
chetial leaves acute. Monoecious us. fruiting.
9.B.salebrosum Hoffmann. — Hypnum Hoffm.; Brachythe-
cum Br. eur; B. Rotæanum Notaris; B. sericeum Warnstorf;
^Hypnum plumosum Hudson»: Lindb.

Leaves large ovate-lanceolate with subulate us. long and often
filiform-pointed acumen, denticulate all around, us. recurved;
: lowest basal cells large subquadrate, the others linear-lanceolate;
= Costa us. vanishing near middle. Perichetial leaves us. with a
: faint costa. Capsule large arcuate; cilia us. appendiculate;
. Anuulus narrow subpersistent; lid apiculate or acute; pedicel us.
= not long. Tufts more or less radiculgse, us. pale or dirty
. Been. Stem gen. not pinnate, — On stones and earth or on

— 110 —

base of trees. Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
Can. not r.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. -
* B.vineale Milde.

»Leaves of stem entire. Annulus of capsule wanting. Pol
gamous. — Eur, Tirol near Meran: Milde»: Limpricht.
10.B.letum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; C. M.; Sulliv. ic. musco
Brachythecium Kindb., non Schimper.

Differs from B. salebrosum: Capsule not annulate, often 1
curved; cilia not appendiculate; lid sometimes mamillate. Leav
often with distinct alar cells and longer costa, us. glossy. Tu
very radieulose and dense. »Not easily distinguished from
salebrosum»: Sull. l. c. (delineated as dioecious). — Logs
shady places. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Lawson; W.
horne. U. $.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macou
11 B.levisetum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Differs from the last and B. salebrosum in smaller. not sub
late-acuminate leaves and their longer costa; branch-leaves ve
short-acuminate with filiform often twisted point. Leaves ova
lanceolate acute, denticulate above middle, crowded, not mu
patent when dry; lowest basal cells dilated, the others gubli-
near; costa vanishing in acumen. Capsule small arcuate; cilia
short; annulus not seen: lid convex obtuse; pedicel not lon
Perichetial leaves nerveless. Tufts glossy green. Resembl
B. populeum. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

IL. Eurhynchiopsis Kindb.

A. Leaves, prine. the uppermost of branches, with long
hairlike point.

à, Leaves gen. entire, sometimes faintly denticulate near
apex or also in upper basal part, often not decurrent; alar cells
few; costa reaching to middle or shorter. Capsules unknown. |
12.B.cirrosum Sehwzgrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Brachythe —
cium Schimper; B. Funckii and Myurium herjedalieum Schimp.

Leaves suboblong abruptly narrowed, often recurved below.
upper cells linear, the lower lanceolate. ‘Tufts often glossy oF
bright green. Stem r. pinnate; branches obtuse us. julaceous.
— Earth in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
»Greenl.»; Pansch. d

b. Leaves (at least those of branches) denticulate all around,
decurrent; angular (alar) cells large numerous; costa reaching t
or above middle. "

13.B.piliferum Schreber. — Hypnum Sehr; Brachythecium
Kindb.; Eurhynchium Br, eur,

— 111 —

Leaves ovate-oblong abruptly narrowed; cells sublinear exc.
the alar. Stem-leaves nearly entire. Capsule oval-oblong or
areuate; lid rostrate; pedicel faintly rough. Stem pinnate; bran-
ches not julaceous. Tufts green. — On earth among grass, r.
on rocks. — Eur. common. Sweden! Amer. r. Can.: Moser;
Waghorne. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun.
14.B.Ryani Kaurin.

Differs from the last: Leaves nearly gradually acuminate,
those of branches broadly ovate-lanceolate. Lid of capsule not
rostrate, — On earth r. Eur. Norway: Ryan, com. Kaurin.
15.B. Yaucheri Schimper. — Eurhynchium Sch; Brachythecium
Kindb.; Hypnum C. M.

Leaves from broadly ovate-oblong base gradually or abruptly
narrowed, denticulate all around; cells lanceolate exc. the alar.
Branch-leaves sometimes ovate-lanceolate. Capsule subovate or
oblong; lid rostellate or short-apieulate. Stem not pinnate;
branches us. julaceous. — Rocks gen. r, Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden:
P. Olsson (fruit.). Germany: Schimper. Amer. r. »Can.: Macoun»:
Lesq. et Jam.
16.Bfagineum (H. Mueller as var.) Kindb. in check-list. —
Eurhynchium Vaucheri var. fagineum H. Muell.; »E. germanum
Grebe»: Limpricht.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate gen. gradually acuminate and nearly
entire somewhat small, not appressed when dry; cells as in
the last. »Capsule curved; lid rostrate; pedicel smooth»: Lim-
prieht. — Trees r. Eur. Switzerl. France: Husnot.

B. Leaves abruptly narrowed to a short narrowly subulate

. Often twisted point, short-decurrent. j
17.B.crassinerve Taylor. — Hypnum Tayl; Brachythecium
Kindb,; Eurhynchium Br. eur.

Leaves broad-ovate or ovate-oblong denticulate princ. above;
upper cells lanceolate, lower oblong-oval very numerous, alar
nearly similar often green; costa us. thicker at base, reaching
to "|, or shorter, sometimes forked. Perichetial leaves costate
long-subulate. Capsule oval-oblong; lid rostrate; cilia not appen-
dicalate. Tufts us. green sometimes silky glossy. Stem irre-
gularly divided; branches long often thick and julaceous. Habit

of B, rutabulum or B. populeum. — Shady or humid gen. cal-
careous rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., Italy!
.18.B.colpophyllum Sullivant. — Eurhynchium Sull. ic. m;
Brachythecium Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves more faintly denticulate; alar

— 112 —

and lowest basal cells suboval, the others sublinear or :
uppermost lanceolate. Perichetial leaves nerveless with lo
filiform point. Capsule subcylindric. Stem subpinnate; bran
short. — Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. distr.: Roell. Hy
IIL Rutabularia Kindb.

A. Leaves not or r. (sometimes in B. rivulare) plicate, n
or faintly recurved.

a. Monoecious us. fruiting. i
19.B.rutabulum Linné. — Hypnum L.; Brachythecium Br. et

Leaves more or less decurrent; alar cells hyaline somewh
large but gen. not forming distinct auricles, the others linear-
lanceolate; costa vanishing above middle. Stem-leaves o |
gradually short-acuminate, minutely denticulate all aroun
Branch-leaves ovate-oblong longer acuminate and more distinct
denticulate princ. above. Perichetial leaves with long filiform
point. Capsule ovate-oblong or cylindric arcuate; teeth bro
cilia not appendiculate; lid acute; pedicel very rough, sometimes
long. Tufts sparingly radiculose. Stem irregularly divided |
with pinnate not compressed branches. — Rocks and logs prin
in woods in dry stations, r. in water. Eur. common b
alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can. r.: Macou
Burgess; Waghorne.
20.B.rutabuliforme Kindb. cat. Canad. m. i

Differs frora the last: Leaves shorter acuminate. Pedicel |
capsule about 1 c. m. long; cilia appendieulate. Stem vet
rigid. — Stones in brooks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.

b. Dioecious r. fruiting.
21.B.rivulare Br. eur. — B.rivulare
in Ottawa Natural. IV.

Leaves long-deeurrent, broader and shorter than in B. ruta
bulum; alar cells very large and hyaline or reddish, forming
distinct auricles, the others lower basal suboval more nume-
TOUS; costa us. vanishing near or
Stem-leaves broad-ovate with ve
Branch-leaves broadly ovate-ob!
in B. rutabulum; teeth red or
red; pedicel not very rough an
culose. Stem divided jin pi
branches. — Wet rocks and stones gen.
Eur. common also in alps.
zerl., Italy! Germany (fruiting): Sehim

*Nove Brunsvicie Kinc l

— 113 =

Can. not r. and sometimes fruiting: Macoun; Moser; Drummond
n. 178. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

* B.flavescens Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Kindb. Laubm.
Sehwed. u. Norw.; Brachythecium Kindb.

Leaves very broad and abruptly acuminate; costa often short
and forked. Pseudo-monoecious, — Eur. r. Sweden in a
grassy ditch near Linkceping, fruiting!; near Norrkceping: P. Olsson.
*B.atifolium Lindberg. — Hypnum Ldb.; Brachythecium
Philibert.

Leaves smaller less crowded, nearly entire and not striate,
more gradually acuminate. Capsules not seen. — Wet places
in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Finland: Brotherus.
Amer. N. Foundl: Waghorne.

22. B.platyeladum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Differs from B. rutabulum: Leaves distinctly auricled with
well-defined alar cells. Pedicel of capsule shorter. Branches
compressed. Stones in woods r. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Moser;
White.

B. Leaves plicate and recurved.
23.B.cavernosum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from B. rutabulum: Leaves more concave, recurved on
both sides to acumen; alar and lower basal cells small green
not well-defined. Lid of capsule longer pointed or rostellate.
— Amer. r. Can.: White, com. Macoun.
24.B.spurio-rutabulum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Differs from B. »utabulum: Leaves longer acuminate recur-
ved to middle, loosely disposed and long-decurrent, very much
patent when dry; alar cells gen. less defined. Pedicel of cap-
Sule short. Stem pinnate creeping, — Logs r. Amer. Can.:
; Macoun; Waghorne.

B.columbico-rutabulum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

tem-leaves nearly entire; alar cells well-defined. Pedicel of
Capsule longer. — Logs by water r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.:
. Macoun.

: IV. Plumosaria Kindb. ——
_ A. Pedicel of the capsule smooth below, faintly rough or
. Sometimes nearly smooth above. Stems us. densely tufted and
. CTeeping. | :

A. Stem-leaves short broad subovate short-acuminate.
25.B.plumosum Swartz. — Hypnum Sw.; Brachythecium Br.
eur; Hypnum pseudo-plumosum Bridel; C. M. er.
- Leaves gen. crowded, sometimes short-decurrent, nearly entire

— 114 —

Stem creeping

brown and glossy. — Wet places prine. on siliceous rocks i
rivulets, common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerl.
Amer. Can.: Macoun; W aghorne.

Leaves nearly crowded decurrent nearly entire, from broad
cordate base tapering to a narrow subulate acumen; upper an
middle cells sublinear, lower dilated; alar cells not defined;
costa vanishing near or above middle. Perichetial leaves sub-
oblong short-acuminate entire nerveless erect. Capsule small
suboval erect or inclined; teeth papillose above; segments shor-
ter than the high basal membrane; pedicel about 0,6 centim
long. Tufts. sparingly radiculose, loose and green. Branche:
unilateral, gen. simple and short. Habit of the last. — Rocks
in brooks r. Amer. Can., Brit. Col: Macoun

ching to or in acumen, so
ovate or ovate-oblong base, more or less striate; branch-leaves
narrower. Perichetial leaves nearly nerveless, entire below the
long faleate acumen. Capsule suboval not large; teeth pale;

not r: Macoun.
* B.nanopes C. M. ei Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves small narrow less recurved at base. Capsule smaller; .
teeth pale orange; pedicel very short, Tufts. brownish nearly

— 115 —

eradiculose. — Earth in subalp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col.: Macoun.

B. Pedicel of capsule faintly rough in its whole length. Tufts
loose sparingly radiculose. Stem irregularly branching. Cilia
of endostome not appendiculate.

a. Leaves auricled with distinct alar cells; other cells
sublinear. ;

28.B.campestre Bruch; Br. eur.

Leaves denticulate all around, recurved at one border to
acumen, decurrent, narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate
often with subfiliform twisted point; alar cells few hyaline
somewhat large; costa vanishing below acumen. Capsule arcuate;
teeth orange; lid apiculate; pedicel gen. long. Tufts green or
yellowish faintly glossy. Habit of B. salebrosum. Dry and
grassy places sometimes on rocks. Hur. r. Sweden!; H. The-
denius. Norway: Bryhn. Germany: Warnstorf. Austria: Berg-
gren. Amer. Can. less r.: Macoun; Moser. U. S. New Jersey:
com. Macoun.

29. B.leucoglaueum C. M. et Kindb. Canad. m.

Leaves sharply serrate above, recurved only near base, from
ovate base suddenly tapering to a somewhat long subfiliform
point; alar cells small numerous; costa long sometimes subper-
current. Tufts whitish or subglaucous green. Otherwise as
the last. — Earth and logs in woods r. Amer. Can. New Bruns-
wick: J. Moser.

b. Leaves not auricled; lowest basal cells dilated nearly

‘Uniform, alar not well-distinct; other cells linear.
30.B.mirabundum C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.
. Leaves nearly entire below, denticulate at the very long
involute or channelled aeumen, broadly recurved at least at
One side to it, ovate-lanceolate very long, gradually narrowed
from the subovate concave basal part, short-decurrent; costa
Vanishing in acumen. Capsule small arcuate; teeth brown; pe-
dicel very short. Tufts faintly or silky glossy, yellowish or
pale green, nearly eradiculose. Branches sciuroid-curved. pe
Logs in woods r. Amer. Can. eastern distr.: Moser; Waghorne.
31.B.gemmascens C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves faintly denticulate all around, not decurrent, narrowly
ovate-lanceolate with twisted point; costa vanishing below acumen.
~ Capsule small round-oval oblique; teeth dark orange; segments
.. hort; lid conic apiculate; pedicel long. Tufts dense green or

— 116 —

finally rufescent. Stem furnished with numerous male buds,
— Wet logs r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
V. Pseudo-Plumosaria Kindb.
32.B.asperrimum Mitten; Sulliv. icon. musc. Eye
Leaves minutely denticulate below, sharply serrate above,
ovate-lanceolate long-cuspidate, not or faintly plicate, decurrent
and somewhat distant; alar cells few not large, the others linear;
costa reaching to acumen or shorter. Capsule arcuate. Dioe-
cious. Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.: Douglas, com. C. Mueller.
33.B.vallium Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Hypnum Sull. et
Lq.; Brachythecium Kindb, To
Differs from the last: Leaves nearly entire, faintly denticulate
at acumen. Pedicel of capsule shorter, Monoecious. — Logs
r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: J. and J. M. Macoun, U: S.: Bo-
lender, com. C. Mueller, 1

VI. Velutinaria Kindberg. »

A. All leaves distinctly denticulate all around, not faleate

when dry. Pedicel of capsule smooth. b

34.B.Fendleri Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. icon. m.; Brachy-
thecium Kindb. 2

recurved near base or to acumen, crowded, sometimes decurrent,
suberect; inner cells sublinear; costa reaching to or above middle.
Branch-leaves serrulate. Perichetial leaves dentate above, Cap-

sule ovaloblong, thick at base, nearly straight and suberect,

very small; lid mamillate. Tufts glossy green. Stem pinnate
or subpinnate. Sometimes synoecious. — Rocks r. Amer.
S.: Fendler, herb. Sullivant, com. Renauld.

alar numerous on a triangular space nearly reaching to costa.
Stem-leaves subabruptly narrowed; perichetial nearly entir

Capsule suboval faintly inclined. Tufts silky glossy. — Rocks

r. Amer. »U. S.: Boleender»: Sulliv.
36.B.biventrosum C. Mueller (in sched.),

Leaves crowded oblong-lanceolate long-acuminate sometimes

recurved to acumen; alar and lower basal cells short smal
the others linear; costa vanishing above middle. Branch-leaves
narrower than those of stem. Capsule oblong; lid apiculate;
pedicel less than 1 centim. long. Tufts green; branches very

— 117 —

short. Habit of B. velutinum. — Logs in woods r. Amer. U,
S.: Joor, com. C. Mueller.

B. All leaves nearly entire, not falcate.

a. Dioecious. Branches julaceous or subjulaccous,
37.B.californicum Lesquereux. — Hypnum Lq.; Brachythe-
cium Kindb.

Leaves recurved below, long-decurrent somewhat distant; alar
cells dusky obsolete, the others lanceolate; costa reaching above
middle or shorter. Stem-leaves entire ovate-oblong; branch-
leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate sometimes faintly sinuolate.
Capsule oval-oblong arcuate; pedicel short, rough above. Tufts
pale green loose sparingly radiculose. Stem subpinnate. —- Rocks
and dry sand r. Amer. U. S.: Boleender, com. C. Mueller.
38.B.Fitzgeraldi C. Mueller in Flora 1887.

Leaves more or less (often faintly) recurved, nearly entire,
ovate-oblong not long-acuminate, acute or with short filiform
point, crowded and not distinctly decurrent; alar cells oval or
subquadrate reaching to costa, the others linear; costa not long,
= vanishing below acumen. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U.
. f. Florida: Fitzgerald, com. C. Mueller.

b. Monoecious. Branches often compressed, not julaceous.
1 B-Donnellii Austin. — Hypnum Aust; Brachythecium

indb.

Leaves narrowlv ovate-lanceolate long-subulate often filiform-
pointed, entire or at acumen obsoletely sinuolate, distant not
decurrent; alar cells hyaline somewhat large, the others linear-
lanceolate; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Capsule
8mall suboval horizontal faintly curved; pedicel short smooth.
Tufts glossy green. Stem subpinnate creeping. — Rocks and
logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

Leaves sometimes faleate princ. when dry; those of stem
nearly entire, those of branches distinctly denticulate. Monoe-
cious,

. a. Leaves plicate, those of branches denticulate at acumen.
10.B.ealeareum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. .

Leaves erowded long-acuminate filiform-pointed more or less
recurved, incurved-faleate when dry, patent when moist; angular
cells short, special alar few hyaline much larger, the others

linear, Stem-leaves with broad base; costa short gen. vanishing

hear middle. Branch-leaves narrow; costa nearly reaching
= Acumen. Capsule small arcuate; cilia „not appendiculate; lid
. apiculate; pedicel smooth about 1 centim. long. Tufts dense

— 118 —

radiculose green faintly glossy. Stem irregularly divided; bran-
ches not compressed. Habit of B. intricatum. — Limeston
rocks r. Amer. Can. Ottawa: Macoun 1892. =
b. Leaves not plicate, those of branches denticulate all
around. :
41.B.velutinum L, — Hypnum L.; Brachythecium Br. eur
in part; B. vagans Milde (a sometimes synoecious variety).
Leaves long-acuminate not recurved, distant short-decurrent,
us. not curved when dry; alar cells very few scarcely distinct,
the others linear-lanceolate; costa reaching above middle or |
shorter. Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate; branch-leaves much nar
rower. Perichetial leaves dentate above. Capsule thick suboval
horizontal; pedicel rough. Tufts green often glossy, very radi
culose and dense. Stem us. pinnate. — Stone and wood. Eur. ;
common below alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl! Amer. not com- =
mon. Can.: Macoun. 00
42.B.intricatum Hedwig. — »Hypnum Hedw.; Schreber; Bri-
del»: C. M. syn; Brachythecium Kindb.; Hypnum declivum

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter and less distant not
distinctly decurrent, us. faleate or incurved when dry; alar
cells distinct hyaline not few. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong or
broadly ovate-lanceolate, branch-leaves not much narrower.
Stem r. pinnate. Tufts sometimes golden glossy. — Stone and
wood. Eur. probably common below alp. regions. Sweden, Ger-
many, Switzerl.! Franeel; Boulay. Belgium: Gravet. Italy: Ar-
eangeli. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.
* B.salicinum Bryol. eur.

Pedicel of capsule wholly or nearly smooth. — Trees r. Eur.
Spain: Dieck, com. Roell. France: Philibert.
43.B.venustum Notaris. — B. olympieum Juratzka. 4

Differs from B. velutinum: Leaves shorter and nearly uniform
with long filiform or sublinear point, long-decurrent gen. recur-
ved below nearly to middle, often subfaleate at least when
dry. Capsule oval-oblong arcuate; pedicel smooth. Tufts pale
green loose sparingly radiculose. — Leaves subdistant; those of
stem ovate-oblong; alar cells nearly indistinct; costa reaching
above middle or shorter. Branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceo-
late. Stem subpinnate. — Stone and wood r. Eur. Switzerl.

near Lugano! Cyprus: Unger. Portugal: Levier. Sweden near
Norrkeping: A. Grape. ?

44.B.subintricatum Kindb. revue bryol, 1895.

— 119 —

Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate nearly uni-
form (those of branches not much narrower), nearly crowded
(at least those of stem), decurrent, not faleate when dry; alar
cells few, the others linear; costa vanishing above middle.
Capsule arcuate; pedicel very rough. Stem subpinnate. —
Differs from B. velutinum and B. intricatum: Leaves faintly
denticulate filiform-pointed; alar cells often dilated. Perichetial
leaves nearly entire with long filiform deflexed point. Capsule
oblong-cylindric arcuate. Tufts loose sparingly radiculose dusky
green. Branches faintly compressed. — Trees r. Amer. Can.
Vane. isl: Macoun 1893.
45.B.pseud-erythrorhizon Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 68.

Differs from B. velutinum and B. intricatum: Leaves faleate
also when moist, with more or less recurved borders; those of
stem more distinctly denticulate, those of branches with long
filiform point. Differs also from B. intricatum in decurrent
leaves; from B. velutinum in less distant leaves falcate also when
dry, those of branches not much narrower, alar cells numerous,
Agrees with B. velutinum: Leaves decurrent; pedicel of capsule
rough in its whole length etc. — Higher alp. region r. Amer.
U. S. Pacif. distr.: Roell.

59. Campylium (Sullivant as subg.) Mitten and Lindb., in part.

Campylidium. Leaves denticulate; costa short and double
or obsolete. Stem irregularly divided. Monoecious. Growing
on rocks or at base of trees.

l. Striatella. Leaves small long-decurrent; alar cells large.
Capsule small narrow-cylindrie nearly straight. Branches often
compressed.

Hispidula. Leaves not decurrent and not large; alar cells
small. Capsule arcuate often large. Branches not compressed.
IT. Eu-Campylium. Leaves gen. entire; costa often simple..
Stem often pinnate. Us. dioecious. Growing on wet places.
l. Stellata. Leaves entire not decurrent, ovate-lanceolate
crowded, often large. Capsule large us. arcuate; pedicel long.

Chrysophylla. Leaves r. sinuolate-denticulate above, some-

es decurrent and distant, not large; alar cells small. Cap-
Sule arcuate not large; pedicel sometimes short.

I. Campylidium Kindb.
1. Striatella. : :
LCstriatellum Bridel. — Leskea Brid.; Campylium Kindb.;
Plagiothecium Muehlenbeckii Schimp.; Hypnum Lq. et Jam.
Leaves ovate-oblong long-euspidate filiform-pointed, distinctly

— 120 —

denticulate all around, not recurved, often subdistichous; ¢
oblong-lanceolate exc. the hyaline or orange alar. Caps
long-necked finally striate; lid obtuse; pedicel long. Tufts de
glossy green. Branches erect. Habit of C. hispidulum a
some Raphidostegia. — Rocks near sea, princ. the Atlantic, an
in alps, gen. r. Eur. Sweden and Norway (not r. on sea-coasts),

Switzerl.! Amer. Can. near Atl. sea: Waghorne. Alaska: J.
Macoun.

2.0.Fitzgeraldi Renauld. — Plagiothecium Ren.; Campyli
Kindb.; Hypnum Lesq. et Jam. P
Differs from the last: Leaves narrower and nearly en ire ]
brown at insertion; cells longer and more chlorophyllose, the
alar brown less large. Capsule (unripe) short-necked; pedicel
less long. Branches not erect. Tufts brown not glossy.
Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Waghorne. 2
2.. Hispidula.
3.C.hispidulum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Sull. ic. mut
Campylium Lindberg.
Leaves denticulate all around, distant, very spreading al
when dry, from short broad-cordate base abruptly tapering
a long acumen; inner cells (as in Amblystegium) suboblong; 8
gular cells suboval numerous, special alar not well-defined; costa
us. indistinct. Perichetial leaves denticulate above. Ca S
large arcuate; cilia appendiculate; lid apiculate. Tufts green
somewhat high. Branches us. erect. — Rocks and base
trees. Eur. r. Sweden: P. Olsson; E. Nyman. Finl.: Brotherus.
Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S: Henry, com. Cardi
4.C.Sommerfeltii Myrin. — Hypnum Myr.; Campylium Kin
Differs from the last: Leaves smaller and less distant, enti
above, not spreading when dry; inner cells oblong-lanceol:
costa sometimes distinct, r. simple. Capsule smaller; lid n
apiculate; cilia not appendiculate. Tufts intricate green or yello-
wish. Branches us. decumbent. — Rocks and logs. Eur, ge
r. Sweden not r.l; Myrin. Switzerl., Norway! Amer. Can. not 1
Macoun; Moser. Mee
* C.byssirameum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat, Can. 1
Leaves very small, denticulate all around. Capsules unkno’
— On base of trees r. Amer, Can: Macoun.

Il. Eu-Campylium,
l. Stellata.

A. Leaves very spreading; cells linear exc. the alar; €

= c =

obsolete or very short. Perichetial leaves nerveless. 'Dioecious
. not often fruiting.

5.0.stellatum Schreber. — Hypnum Schr.; Campylium Kindb.

Leaves not falcate, somewhat short-cuspidate (with somewhat
short subulate part of the acumen), us. abruptly attenuate.
Tufts us. not or sparingly radiculose, green or brown. Stem
and branches us. erect, r. pinnate. — Common. Eur. Sweden
etc! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. 8.: com. Macoun,
6.C.protensum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Campylium Kindb.

Leaves long-cuspidate gradually attenuate, the uppermost us.
falcate. Stem gen. pinnate and creeping. — Not common.
Eur. Norway, Switzerl! Sweden: E. Nyman. France; Husnot,
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

B. Leaves gen. not much spreading; upper cells linear, the
lower us. dilated; costa often long, sometimes obsolete. . Peri-
chetial leaves plicate (as in the both last), costate. Sometimes
polygamous.

T.C.polygamum Br. eur. — Amblystegium Br. eur.; Campylium
Kindb; Hypnum Schimper.

ves long-cuspidate gen. gradually attenuate, not falcate.
Tufts radiculose. Stem with gen. not pinnate branches. — Not
common. Hur, Norway, Switzerl. Finl.: Lindberg. Amer. Can.:
. Macoun; Moser; W aghorne.
2. Chrysophylla. Edi
A. Leaves very. distant, not decurrent; cells sublanceolate
exc. the alar. Monoecious. ; i
SC. hy grophilum Juratzka. — Hypnum Jur ; Campylium Kindb.;
Amblystegium Schimper. zi
. Leaves broadly. ovate-lanceolate or from subovate base long-
9euminate, nearly. entire; costa sometimes reaching io middle.
Peristomial teeth orange... Stem pinnate. Resembling Hypnum
riparium but very much smaller. — Rare. Eur. Switzerl.! Finl.:
Lindberg, Amer, U. 8.; Roell. |
x B. Leaves crowded not spreading; cells linear, the alar
< Dearly indistinct. Capsules unknown.
9.C.Durizi Montagne. — Hypnum Mont; C. M. syn; Cam-
_ Pylium Kindb.; »Orthothecium Bescherelle»: Husnot. i
Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate filiform-poin-
ted, faintly sinuolate above middle; costa very thin vanishing
Dear middle or obsolete. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts in-
tricate very dense. — Eur. r. France, Provence: Philibert. —

9

— =

C. Leaves spreading gen. with ovate base; alar cells di
the others us. linear. Dioecious. j
à. Leaves nearly crowded not decurrent; angular (alar) c
few. P
10.C.ehrysophyllum Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Campyli
Kindb. n
Leaves entire (or the uppermost sinuolate) long-cuspidate;-
cells gen. linear exc. the us. yellow alar; costa thin reachi
to middle or obsolete, Perichetial leaves costate faintly. striate,
abruptly narrowed. Peristome pale. Branches us. pinnate
Tufts sparingly radiculose, not much dense. — Common. Eur.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Wa
horne. U. 8.: Langlois, com. Cardot.
11.C.unieostatum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad.
Leaves entire shorter-acuminate than in the last; alar cells
small not yellow, the others gen. linear; costa gen. distinct.
Perichetial leaves costate, gradually subulate-acuminate or with
filiform falcate point. Capsule smaller than in the last. Ste
irregularly divided. Tufts very dense. — Amer. r. Can.: Macou
Moser,
12.C.sinuolatum Kindb. in Hedwigia 1897 p. 47.
Leaves sinuolate short-acuminate; alar cells hyaline, the othe
sublanceolate; costa long somewhat thick. Stem irregular]
divided. Tufts dense. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U.
Ohio: Purpus, com. Roell. i
b. Leaves decurrent entire more or less distant, rect
at base; angular cells numerous hyaline. s
13.C.decursivulum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad. 1
Leaves from broad-ovate base long-cuspidate; costa not le ;
Capsule arcuate; lid apiculate; pedicel very long. Perichetial
leaves costate plicate short-cuspidate filiform-pointed. Stem
often pinnate. "Tufts loose. — Amer. Can: Macoun. Eur.
Sweden: P. Dusén. ei
14.C.bergenense Austin. — Hypnum Aust.; Campylium Kind
Leaves short very small, ovate-cordate or ovate-oblong, short
cuspidate; costa often prolonged nearly to acumen. Capsule
small arcuate; pedicel not long. — Amer, r. U. S. Roell; Austin,
com. C. Mueller. ais:
60. Heterophyllon Kindb., new genus.
A. Leaves entire somewhat large.
1.H.Haldanei Greville. — Hypnum Grev. T | 385
Leaves ovate-oblong acute or short-acuminate, recurved below

— 8

at one side, subdecurrent, finally yellow at insertion; alar cells
subquadrate (larger than in Hypnum cupressiforme) often hyaline,
. disposed on a short-triangular space, the others linear. Capsule
subeylindric us. nearly straight; lid rostrate or rostellate; pedi-
. cel somewhat long. Tufts radiculose at least below, us. green
sometimes golden glossy. Stem irregularly divided; branches
. Sometimes compressed; paraphyllia. numerous. Monoecious. —
: Logs and stones in woods. Ewr. r. Switzerl France: Philibert.
à Germany: Schimper. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Wag-
: horne, U, S.: Sullivant and Schrader, com. C. Mueller.
2.H.flaecum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad. m.
Differs from the last: Leaves narrower, ovate-lanceolate; alar
cellg larger. Stem subpinnate; branches cuspidate often com-
pressed. Dioecious. Capsules unknown. — Rocks and logs r.
Amer, Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne.
.. B. Leaves large, strongly serrate at acumen.
. 5.H.nemorosum Koch. — Hypnum Koch.
= Leaves ovate-lanceolate, recurved below, crowded and_ not
? decurrent, yellow at insertion; apical cells lanceolate, alar large
: subquadrate hyaline or orange on a nearly round space; other
. Cells linear. Stem-leaves nearly entire below the subulate acu-
. Men. Branch-leaves denticulate above middle, with sublinear
. Somewhat broad half-twisted point. Capsule large suboblong
. Wr arcuate; lid acute; pedicel long. Tufts pale green, sparingly
tadiculose. Stem pinnate; branches cuspidate not compressed.
: Monoecious, Habit of Calliergon cuspidatum. -— Trees and logs
M woods r. Eur. Germany: Milde. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesquereux.
= Leaves small, minutely denticulate at acumen.
. *H.pseudo-nemorosum Kindb. n. sp.
. „Maves ovate-oblong denticulate at the subulate acumen, not
E tinetly recurved, decurrent, not yellow at insertion; alar cells
mal few dusky. on a short-triangular space; apical cells lan-
folate, the inner linear-lanceolate. Tufts glossy velvet-like.
> subpinnate; branches faintly compressed; paraphyllia broad
3 not numerous, Capsules unknown. Habit of Pylaisiella velutina.
— Amer. r. Can. N. Brunswick: Moser, com. Macoun.
cl subadnatum C. M. et Kindb. — Raphidostegium cat.
OW $i,
. Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute, denticulate above
middle, recurved below, not decurrent; alar and lower marginal
‘ells quadrate, the others suboblong as in Amblystegium. Peri-

— 124 —

chetial leaves serrate longer acuminate. Capsule cylindric
cuate strangulate; lid large rostellate; peristome not seen; pe
flexuous deflexed arcuate. Tufts dense green. Stem cree
not pinnate; branches subjulaceous often incurved at the
paraphyllia broad. Probably monoecious, — Trees r 2
Can.: Macoun; Dearness, com. Macoun.
61. Myurium Schimper.
1.M.Boscii Schwegrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Sulliv; icon
Myurium Kindb. Bc:
Leaves large very concave not decurrent, from ovate-corda
not recurved base abruptly narrowed to a subulate often tw
point, striate, denticulate all around; alar cells few. suboval :
irregular, lower basal often brownish, the others sublinear; eos
simple vanishing above middle or short and double. Ca »
large oblong-oval curved; annulus broad; segments nearly. sp!
cilia 3 not much shorter, not appendiculate; pedicel 2—3 cen: '
long. Perichetial leaves abruptly long-subulate. Stem subp
nate or irregularly divided; branches robust turgid. Dioe
r. fruiting. — Earth in woods. Amer. U. S. »not uncomm
Sullivant. Austin, com. Macoun; Sullivant, com. C. Mue
Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. EM
* M.coloradense Austin. — Hypnum Aust; Myurium Ki
Cells of branch-eaves often oval-oblong princ. the up
sometimes also the angular. Capsules unknown. — Amer.
U. S. Arkansas Hot Springs: Ch. Roell, com. J. Roell. .
2.M.Hebridarum Schimper. . Eee
Differs from M. Boscii: Leaves narrower, from ovate-ob
or oblong-linear base more abruptly contracted to the p
not striate; costa indistinct. Capsules unknown. — Rocks !
sea r. Eur. Scotl.: Fergusson, com. Husnot (Africa, Mat
G. Fritze, com. Roell and Kaurin).
| 62. Hypnum L.; Dillenius; in part. :
A. Leaves with simple (sometimes in H. Bambergeri 8
and double) costa. Dioecious or (in H. fluviatile and someti
in Harpidium) monoecious, ks
a. Leaves (exc. H., erythrorhizon and H. harpidioides
recurved at borders. —
I. Alaria. Leaves (princ. the youngest) mamillose above,
striate; middle cells often dilated, alar often yellow; |
thick. Stem us. pinnate; paraphyllia present. Leaves fal
IL Cratoneuron. Leaves not mamillose, gen. not str
middle cells gen. dilated, alar gen. distinct but r yellow; €

— 125 —

gen. thick. Stem us. not pinnate, r. with paraphyllia. Leaves
sometimes not faleate.
III. Harpidium. Leaves gen. not mamillose, in few species
striate; cells gen. narrow exc. the gen. hyaline or sometimes
not distinct alar; costa gen. not thick. Stem us. not radiculose,
. sometimes pinnate; paraphyllia wanting. Leaves (in few species)
. sometimes not falcate.

aa. Alar leaf-cells not distinct.
= I Riparia. Leaves gen. straight subdistichous; lower basal
= œlls nearly uniform subquadrate in 2—5 rows. Monoecious
often fruiting. Stem often radieulose. — Growing princ. on
logs in water.
. 2, Revolventia. Leaves falcate; lower basal cells gen. few,
short and dilated. Sometimes monoecious. Stem not radiculose.
. Leaves often reddish. — Growing in swamps.
= bb. Alar leaf-cells distinct.
3, Adunea. Leaves not r. straight (princ. in H. fluitans, H.
exannulatum and H. elodes), r. plicate when moist. Us. dioe-
cious, not often fruiting. Stem r. radiculose. Leaves sometimes
(prine. in H., exannulatum) reddish. — Growing in swamps.
4. Unecinata. Leaves us. falcate, gen. plicate. Us. monoecious,
often fruiting. Stem r. radiculose. Leaves greenish. — Growing
on dry stones, base of trees and dry earth, r. in water,
. b. Leaves recurved at borders below, subundulate when dry.
Ty, Rhytidium. Leaves faintly rough above at both sides,
faleate or nearly straight; alar (angular) cells small very nume-
rous.: Stem without rhizoids and paraphyllia.

B. Leaves with short double or indistinct (in H. resupinatum
Sometimes simple) costa, falcate or (sometimes In H. cupressi-
forme) straight, sometimes (in subg. Cupressma and Campylo-
ullum). recurved at borders. Stem sometimes (in Cupressina)
Wilh paraphyllia. Dioecious or monoecious.

Ye Pseudo-Hylocomium. Leaves spreading when dry, large
enticulate not circinnate, us. plicate below; special alar cells
Not defined. Stem not or irregularly pinnate, not creeping.
. Be —— e do. MD

> ampylophyllum. Leaves spreading when ,

: ood: "ra ta subcircinnate - plicate; alar cells small
“istinct. Stem pinnate creeping. Monoecious.

: VIL. Tamea Leaves me spreading when dry, pT
entire not. circinnate, sometimes striate or plicate; alar

— 126 —

either large or not well-defined. Stem not plumiform,
irregularly divided. Dioecious or r. monoecious. "1d
VII.. Cupressina. Leaves not spreading when dry, mos
small (in few species large) not r. denticulate and circinns
not (exe. H. plicatile and H. crista castrensis) plicate; alar ce
gen. distinct r. large. Stem often pinnate. Sometimes monoe —
cious. i
a. Leaves (at least the elder of stem) yellow (r. red
brown) at insertion, gen, small, in Imponentiformia somewhat
large. T
aa. Leaves recurved nearly to acumen, often circinnate
l. Plicatilia. Leaves plicate. Stem eradiculose often ir
gularly divided; paraphyllia none. Capsule long narrow;
long. Dioecious very r. fruiting.
2. Reptiliformia. Leaves not plicate. Stem us. cree
and pinnate; paraphyllia r. (in H. canariense) present. Capst
not long; pedicel shortish. Monoecious us. fruiting. a
bb. Leaves not distinctly recurved and not plicate. Di
cious or monoecious, E
3. Imponentiformia. Leaves somewhat large often circinnate.
Stem pinnate us. with paraphyllia. Habit of H. cupressif rm
4. Calliehroidea. Leaves small circinnate. Stem often
miform r. with paraphyllia. ai
5. Raphidostegioidea. Leaves small not circinnate. Ste
not regularly pinnate; paraphyllia none.
b. Leaves pale at insertion, often (princ. in Cupressiformia)l
aa. Leaves circinnate. Paraphyllia sometimes numerous.
6. Molluscoidea. Leaves not recurved sometimes large. Stem
us. plumiform gen. not or sparingly radiculose, Dioecious. r
7. Hamulosa. Leaves small sometimes recurved. Stem n
plumiform, us. creeping; paraphyllia us. broad. Us. monoeck
bb. Leaves not circinnate. Stem not plumiform; paraphy
few or wanting. i
8. Cupressiformia. Leaves short-acuminate often large, 80!
times recurved. Stem sometimes pinnate. Dioecious. ^
9. Amblystegioidea. Leaves small long-acuminate not recu
ved. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate. Monoecious.
l. Alaria C. Mueller meer.

A. Leaves distant decurrent, more denticulate at base; a a
cells large.

1.H.commutatum Hedwig. 1
Leaves from broad-ovate base long-acuminate, gen. stri

— 127 —

faintly mamillose above; upper cells narrow, the lower dilated,
the alar yellow; costa vanishing in acumen. Capsule large sub-
cylindric arcuate; lid rostellate-apiculate; pedicel very long.
Perichetial leaves plicate. Tufts loose. Stem pinnate very
tomentose; branches distant; paraphyllia numerous. — Wet cal-
careous places. Eur. common below alp. regions. Sweden,
Norway, France, Switzerll Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et. Jam.
*H.suleatum Schimper.

Stem less regularly pinnate; branches less distant. Leaves
smaller, short-decurrent; their costa shorter. Capsule smaller.
— Alpine, often not calcareous, stations. Hur. somewhat r.
Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. »Greenl.»: Berggren. ` N. Foundl.:

aghorne.
2.H.decipiens Notaris. — Thuidium Not; Hypnum Kindb.
Differs from H. commutatum: Leaves gen. mamillose on both
sides, with broader base and shorter acumen, less striate; alar
cells gen. -hyaline; cells shorter, those of branch-leaves oval-
oblong; costa shorter, faint above. Perichetial leaves shorter,
: faintly striate. Stem often sparingly tomentose; branches often
simple above. Very r. fruiting. — Rivulets, princ. in alps,
also in not calcareous districts, gen. r. Eur. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

B. Leaves crowded, not decurrent, nearly entire; alar cells
not large.

?-H.faleatum Bridel. :

. Leaves from ovate-oblong base long-acuminate, often striate,
indistinctly mamillose, cells sublinear; costa us. vanishing in
acumen. Perichetial leaves plicate. Capsule less large than in
H. commutatum; lid with shorter point. Tufts brown or dark
green, often dense. Stem us. irregularly pinnate and sparingly
tomentose; branches approached. — Swamps and rivulets princ.
Mm not calcareous alp. stations. Hur. common in alps. Sweden, .
Norway, France, Switzerland! Amer. Can. not r.: Macoun.
lLirrigatum Zetterstedt. — H. virescens Boulay.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate faintly striate; alar cells us. not well-
defined; costa of stem-leaves gen. percurrent. Tufts dirty greeen.

m often pinnate, sometimes naked below; paraphyllia few.
Very r. fruiting. — Rivulets r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.!
a IL. Cratoneuron Sullivant, in part.

. MHfilieinum L. — Amblystegium Notaris.
| ves minutely denticulate all around; alar cells large us.
hyaline; eosta not thin in the acumen, sometimes excurrent.

— 128 —

Stem-leaves. subovate acuminate decurrent. Branch-leaves narro-
wer, gen. more crowded; cells suboblong. . Perichetial leaves
gen. not striate. Capsule) subcylindric arcuate, smaller and
shorter-pedicellate than in-H, commutatum. Tufts: us. dense and
dirty green. Stem often creeping; branches us. crowded; para-
phyllia often present. Dioecious, —. Wet places, common. Eur.
Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerl.| . Eur. Can. Mácoun.
* H.curvieaule Juratzka. ;
Leaves gen. not faleate; alar -cells yellow; stem-leaves shori
acuminate. Stem nearly eradiculose. — Alps r. Eur. Norway:
Bryhn; E. Nyman. Austria: Breidler. Switzerl.: Culmann.
* H.Vallis-clausæ Bridel. — Hypnum Formianum Schimper.
Leaves long-acuminate; cells less dilated; costa excurrent.
Stem long, often’ denudate below and covered by persisten!

nerves. — Running water r: Eur: »France»: Boulay. »ltaly»
Schimp. syn. i

Upper leaves: ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate nearly entire;
costa excurrent. Stem as in the last, — Running water T.
Eur. Sweden! Engl.: Rogers: Germany: Roemer. pone
5.H.fluviatile Swartz. — Amblystegium Br. eur. sity

Leaves: gen. entire, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute or
short-acuminate, not or indistinctly decurrent, us. not falcate
and not distant, dark green; cells lanceolate-oblong, the small
alar gen. not much distinct; costa subpercurrent. Capsule as
in the last. Stems not or sparingly radiculose, gen. irregularly
divided and not tufted; branches long; paraphyllia none. Very
r. fruiting. — Inundated rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Germany!
Amer. Can: Macoun. U.S. r.: Austin. B
*H.irriguum Hooker et Wilson. — Amblystegium Br. eur.

Leaves sinuolate-dentieulate, from subovate base long-acumr
nate, subdecurrent, somewhat distant and patent; alar
distinct; costa subexcurrent. Stem us. rigid when dry. — -
Eur. not common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl| Amer. Can: -—
Macoun; Waghorne. U; S.: Austin. i

III. Harpidium Sullivant.
. " Riparia.
6.H.riparium L. — Amblystegium Br. eur. ;

Leaves ovate-l:nceolate gradually acuminate sometimes filiforn ;
pointed, entire, scarcely decurrent, us. distant and large; middle
cells, also often the upper, narrowly linear; costa r. percurrent,

— 129 —

Capsule large arcuate; annulus ‘broad; lid subobtuse; pedicel

long. Tufts us. green. — Gen. common, r. in alp. regions.

Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. 8. Roell.

*H.longinerve Kindb. cat. Can. m. :
Leaves mostly curved; costa gen, long-excurrent. Tufts some-

times brown. — Rare: Amer. Can.: Macoun.

= *HKochii Br. eur. — H. curvipes Guembel; Amblystegium
. Sehimp. syn.

Leaves oval-oblong gen. straight; middle cells lanceolate. —
Rare. Eur, France: Berthoumieu, Amer, Can.: Macoun.
TH:vacillans Sullivant. — Amblystegium Bull. icon. m.; Hyp:
num Lesq. et Jam.

Differs from H.: riparium: Leaves not large, those of branches
often obtusate with oblong apical cells, the perichetial with
excurrent costa. Capsule small more strangulate; lid obtuse;
pedicel thin and short. — R. Eur. France, Calvados: Brébisson
(Husnot M. Gall. n. 393). Amer. Can. Owen Sound: Macoun.
U. 8: Roell; N. Jersey: com. Macoun.

2. Revolventia.

8.H.revolvens Swartz.
Leaves -circinnate, from short subovate base narrowed to the
longer acumen, not striate, entire and not decurrent, us. reddish;
cells linear exc. the wider (lower) basal; costa gen. vanishing
below acumen. Capsule large arcuate; annulus broad; lid api-
culate; pedicel gen. long. Stem irregularly pinnate. Monoecious
not r. fruiting. — Alpine princ. northern districts. Hur. Nor-
way (common)! Sweden: Lindberg; M. Huss. England: Holt.
France: Husnot. Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.:
. Berggren; Vanhoeffen. Can.:; Macoun; Waghorne.
9.H.Cossoni Schimper. — H» intermedium Lindb.
Differs from the last Leaves not cireinnate, their acumen
hof longer than the us. subovate base. Tuits green or brown-
yellow. Dioecious r. fruiting. — Eur. princ. in northern districts.
; Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun:
H.vernicosum Lindberg. }
Leaves shorter and broader, short acuminate, striate when
.. Qry; costa often short. Stem us. pinnate. Tufts us. yellowish.
Sine Eur. Sweden!; Lindberg. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
S H.rigidum Kindb. enum. bryin. dovr. (as var.)
"Leaves larger with narrowly. ovate-oblong base, brown-green.
Stem somewhat rigid when dry. Capsules not found. -~ Alp.
. fegion r. Eur. Norway! B gobi boy

— 130 —

3. Adunca. "

A. Tufts densely cohering. Leaves not decurrent; alar cells
small or indistinct. Dioecious r. fruiting. ^

a. Angular leaf-cells finally red, the alar often distinct;
costa often short and double. p
10.H.Bambergeri Schimper. — H. brevifolium Lindb.; H.
flexuosum Berggren. tdi

Leaves faleate, from ovate or broad-ovate base tapering toa
longer or shorter acumen, entire and crowded; upper cells linear.
Capsule arcuate not large; lid apiculate; pedicel not long. Tufts
either green, sometimes glossy, or brown-green or brown-red.
— Swamps and wet rocks in alps r. Eur. Norway!; E. Adlerz
(fruiting). Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren. »Can.»: Lesq. et Jam.

b. Alar leafcells nearly indistinct, not red; costa simple —
11.H.elodes Spruce. — Amblystegium Schimper. d

Leaves small us. straight, more or less distant; cells linear;
costa vanishing in acumen, not thick. Stem-leaves from short
broad base short-cuspidate or filiform-pointed, faintly denticulate
below. Branch-leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-cuspidate,
faintly denticulate nearly all around, sometimes falcate. Cap-
sule small oblong-eylindrie curved; pedicel short. Tufts blackish
or dark green, sparingly radiculose, — Kur. gen. r. Sweden,
Norway! ^
* H.densum Milde. — Braehythecium Juratzka. ds

Leaves smaller, more distinctly denticulate; cells often suboblong;
costa subexcurrent. Capsules not seen. — Eur. r. Austria:
Juratzka, and Germany: Arnold (herb. Hartman), com. Acad.
Upsal. H
12. H.subsecundum Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895.

Leaves not large, nearly crowded, entire; cells linear,
lower basal yellow; costa vanishing below acumen. Stem-leav
from broad-ovate base short-acuminate; costa very thick. Branch
leaves from subovate base (more or less gradually) long-subu
late, subsecund when dry; costa thinner. Capsule arcuate;
pedicel short; teeth brownish. Stem creeping. — Amer, r. Can.:
White, com. Macoun; N. Foundl.: Waghorne. a

B. Tufts loose eradiculose. Leaves not or shortly decurrent,
gen. faleate; alar cells small, other cells linear. Capsule annu
late. Dioecious r. fruiting.

a. Leaves plicate when dry, not decurrent. Stem irregular!
divided. :

13.H.lycopodioides Schwegrichen,

— 131 —

Leaves entire large crowded shining; costa reaching to the
acumen, often brown. Stem-leaves from subovate or ovate-
oblong base tapering to a shorter, subulate filiform-pointed
acumen, Branch-leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate longer-acuminate.
Capsule large arcuate; teeth pale; pedicel 3—5 c. m. long.
Tufts yellowish or. brown, — Gen. r. Eur. Sweden! England:
Holt. France: Husnot. Amer. »Greenl»: Berggren. »U. S.»:
Lq. et Jam. |
.b. Leaves short-decurrent not plicate. Stem us. subpinnate.
14.H.aduncum L.; Hedwig; Schimper.

Leaves crowded not large, from subovate base tapering to a
longer sometimes denticulate acumen, r. ovate-lanceolate, Cap-
sule small; pedicel not long. Tufts green or yellowish. — Eur.
probably not r. Norway fruiting! Germany: Schimper (com.
as »the typical H. aduncum»). Amer. r. U, S. Roell. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.
15.H.Wilsoni Schimper.

Leaves distant large, from ovate lanceolate base tapering to
a shorter gen. entire acumen. Capsule large slightly curved;
pedicel very long. Tufts dusky green. — R. Eur, Eng]. South-
port near sea, fruiting: G. A. Holt; T. Rogers. Sweden, isl.
Gothland: Zetterstedt, com. E. Haglund. Amer. U. S.: Roell.

€. Tufts loose eradiculose. Leaves long-decurrent not striate,

Often not falcate; alar cells large.

à. Capsule large not (exc. H. capillifolium) annulate; pedicel
very long. Leaves gen. long and narrow; cells linear exc. the
alar; costa us. long. Sometimes monoecious, less r. fruiting.

16. H.fluitans L.

Leaves from narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate base

tapering to a gen. longer acumen, us. entire and green. —

. common: below alps, r. in alp. regions. Sweden, Norway!

Amer, Can.: Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren.
17.H.eapillifolium Warnstorf.

Differs from the last: Costa of leaves gen. long-excurrent.
Capsule annulate»: Renauld. — Hur. r. Norway! Germany:
Warnstorf,
18.H.exannulatum Guembel.

Leaves from ovate-lanceolate base tapering to a gen. shorter
acumen, us. denticulate below and reddish or brown, r. green,
often very distant. — Eur. common in northern districts, princ.

. in alp. regions, r. in southern districts. Sweden, Norway! Amer.
. Can. not r.: Macoun;. Waghorne. Greenl.; Berggren,

— 182 —

* H.pseudo-stramineum C. Mueller. Le

Leaves. green entire often straight; those of branches often
with oblong apical cells. Capsules not seen. — R. Zur. Swe
den: E. Adlerz. Germany: Milde. Amer. Can: Waghorne. —

b. Capsule annulate not large; pedicel often short. Leaves.
often short and broad; cells often dilated; costa mostly short.
Dioecious r. fruiting. Tufts not reddish.
19.H.Kneiffii Schimper. ES

Leaves entire (or minutely denticulate above), from suboyate
or broad-ovate base tapering to a gen. longer but broad and
shortsubulate acumen, us. small and distant; cells often dila-
ted; costa us. short, sometimes bifid. Capsule more or less
arcuate; pedicel 2—5 c. m. long. Tufts green. — Eur. not r.
Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can: Macoun.
* H.Sendtneri Schimper, in part; Boulay. T

Leaves larger less distant, us. brown-green; cells gen. narrow,
the alar often yellowish. — Eur. Sweden!; C. O. Hamnstræm
(determ. Lindberg); E. Adlerz. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. "me
20.H.conflatum C. M. et Kindb. cat Can. m. ted

Leaves small distant denticulate all around; those of stem
from round-ovate base tapering to a shorter subobtuse acumei
branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate; cells gen. dilated; costa gen.
vanishing in acumen, sometimes indistinct. Capsule smaller.
than in the last, strangulate; lid low apiculate; pedicel very
long and capillary. Tufts green. — Amer. r. Alaska: J. M
Macoun.: Can.: Macoun, Canad m. n, 334; Waghorne.
21.H-hamifolium Schimper. LO

Leeves large crowded entire, from ovate-oblong base tapering |
to a longer narrow-subulate acumen; cells linear; costa long.
Tufts yellowish. Branches robust, rigid when dry. Capsules

unknown. — Eur. r. Germany. near Breslau: Schulze, com. |
Warnstorf. . Amer. »U. S.»: Renauld,

Leaves short-decurrent from narrowly ovate base tapering to
an often. filiform-pointed acumen, us. striate; alar cells large, -
the others linear; costa us. long. Capsule cylindric arcuate or
nearly straight, strangulate; lid apiculate; pedicel us. 3—4 c. m.
long. Tufts. us. green and eradiculose, Stem often pinnate.
Monoecious us. fruiting..— Gen, common. Eur. Sweden, Nor-

— 133 —

way, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. Can. Macoun; Waghorne.
Greenl: Berggren. U. S.: Howell, com. Cardot; - 0%
* H.Moseri Kindb. cat. Canad. m. |

Stem creeping. Leaves small gen. not striate; costa thin
often obsolete. Capsule small; pedicel us. short. — Amer. Can:
(N. Brunsw., Labrador and N. Foundl., frequent): Moser; Wag-
horne. Eur. Sweden: E. Nyman.
23.H.orthothecioides Lindberg

Differs from H. uncinatum: Leaves not decurrent, gen. with
broader base, often straight; alar cells gen. small. Dioecious.
Tufts us. yellowish. Capsules and female flowers unknown.
— Earth and rocks in northern districts. Hur. not r. in arctic
districts. Spetsbergen: Berggren. Sweden: Arnell. Finland:
Brotherus. «Amer, Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Cani: Waghorne.

B. Leaves recurved, denticulate nearly all around (at least
those of branches). Dioecious.
24.H.erythrorhizon Schimper. — Brachythecium Sch.; Hyp-
num Hartman.

Leaves faintly striate crowded decurrent not large, often cor-
Tugate when dry; alar cells hyaline somewhat large, the others
lanceolate oblong; costa reaching to acumen. Stem-leaves nearly
“entire from ovate or ovate-oblong base abruptly long-acuminate,
faintly but broadly recurved nearly to acumen. Branch-leaves
broadly ovate-lanceolate faintly denticulate nearly all around.
Capsule not large suboblong or arcuate; lid acute; pedicel short
Smooth. Stem subpinnate creeping. Tufts not glossy à pale
Breen or green. — Granite rocks in woods in northern districts r.
Eur, Sweden: Aongstreem; Arnell; J. Persson. Amer. »U. 8.»
Cardot :

* H.Thedenii (Hartman as var) Br. eur. — Brachythecium

. eur; Hypnum (Hartman) Kindb.

Leaves subplicate less crowded. Stem longer, more regularly
pinnate. Capsule oval. — Rocks r. Eur. Sweden: K. F. The-
denius, com. R. Hartman. Amer. »U. 8.9: James.
25.H.harpidioides C. M. et Kindb. — Brachythecium Cat.
Can. m, : :

‘Differs from H. erythrorhizon: Leaves plicate distinctly den-
ticulate all around and more distinctly falcate, from ovate base
Subulate-acuminate recurved to acumen; alar cells large green,
the others lanceolate. Capsule round-oval; pedicel slightly rough
Above. Stem not creeping. — Logs in woods r. Amer. zs

— 134 —

IV. Rhytidium Sullivant.

26.H.rugosum Ehrhart. zi
Leaves large denticulate nearly all around from. subovate
base gen. long-subulate; costa vanishing near or above middl
Capsule subcylindric arcuate; teeth ferruginous; lid acute or
rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts loose, brown below, golden
glossy or greenish above. Branches subjulaceous very thick.
Dioecious r. fruiting. — Dry earth and rocks. Eur. common |
in alps, r. in lower districts. Norway fruit., Switzerl.! Ger.
many fruit.: Schimper. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

V. Pseudo-Hylocomium Kindb.

A. Angular leaf-cells large numerous hexagonal-oval.
27.H.squarrosum L, — Hylocomium Br: eur. Be
Leaves minutely denticulate all around from ovate base long- |
acuminate; angular cells sometimes brown... Perichetial leaves -
pale yellow gradually acuminate filiform-pointed, serrate above
middle of the basal part. Capsule broad-oval or obovate or -
curved us. not large; teeth brown-yellow; cilia often appendi-
culate; lid acute; pedicel very long. Stem eradiculose r. pin-
nate. Tufts us. dirty greenish. — Humid meadows. Eur. gen.
common below alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. not
Common. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can. J. Macoun, U. 8.
Roell (forma subpinnata). He
B. Angular leaf-cells suboblong small not well-defined.
28.H.loreum L. -- Hylocomium Br. eur. Hagi
Leaves from ovate base long-acuminate.
below middle; branch-leaves
Perichetial leaves hyaline, slig
large oval or subglobose; teet
pedicel long. Stem often ve

radiculose. — Earth and rocks prine. near sea or larger lakes
not r. Hur. Sweden, Norway, Germany! Amer. Alaska; J. M.
Macoun. Can.: Macoun; Dawson. ii
29.H.robustum Hooker, — Hylocomium Flemmingii Austin.
Leaves ovate short acuminate denticulate, rugose when dry,
larger than in the both last and less curved; the younger
narrower, the elder often covered by hair-like rhizoids. Capsule
large subobovate oblique or slightly curved; teeth yellow oF
finally ferruginous; lid conic obtuse; pedicel shortish. Stem
suberect; branches few distant very thick us. green. Habit of
Hypnum rugosum but larger. — Earth in woods r. Amer.
western slope. Can.: Macoun. U.S: Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton.

Stem-leaves en

— 135 —

VI. Campylophyllum Schimper.
J sll L. fil. — H. Macounii Kindb. bull. Torr. club

VII.

Leaves faintly denticulate nearly all around, from suboval
suberect recurved base acuminate; alar cells not numerous, the
others oblong-lanceolate or sublinear. Branch-leaves more distinctly
denticulate. Capsule small narrow cylindric more or less curved,
faintly constricted; lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Tufts dense
often brown. — Rocks princ. calcareous. Hur. nearly common
in dolomitic alps. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Amer. r. Can.:
Macoun; Drummond. N. Foundl.: Waghorne.

VII. Drepanium Schimper, in part.

A. Leaves finally yellow at insertion.

à. Leaves decurrent falcate not undulate.
3l.H.eurvifolium Hedwig; Sullivant icon. musc.

Leaves nearly entire, faintly striate; alar and lowest basal
cells nearly uniform more or less dilated but not large, the
others linear. Stem-leaves subovate short-acuminate; branch-
leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute. Capsule
large subobovate or arcuate, strongly striate and not strangu-
late when dry; teeth. yellow; cilia not appendiculate; pedicel
thick, 5—6 c. m, long. Stem gen. pinnate, not or very spa-
tingly radiculose; branches straight faintly compressed. Tufts

. green. Pseudo-monoecious not r. fruiting. — On decayed logs

in shady woods. Amer. common. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U.
S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Fitzgerald, com. Renauld.
32.H.pseudo-drepanium C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Differs from the last: Leaves entire plicate less distinctly
decurrent, shorter acuminate; alar cells large. Stem irregularly
divided; branches long turgid arcuate at apex. Capsule as in
the last. -— Logs in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
33.H.Renauldi Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Differs from H. curvifolium: Leaves gen. entire; alar cells
- arg. Stem not pinnate; branches more compressed or com-
E planate, Capsule faintly striate. Habit of H. pratense. — On

tocks or sand r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld and Gudbrands-
dal ete.! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

; b. Leaves not or slightly decurrent, often undulate and
. Straight; lowest basal cells suboval nearly similar.
. *4JH.pratense Koch. - |

Leaves gen. entire and not striate, often straight, less crowded

than in H. curvifolium, undulate when dry; cells linear except

= 136 —

the lowest basal, Stem-leaves subovate with often subu!
acumen; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate. Capsule small strar
late not striate; pedicel thin 3—5 c. m. long. Stem flac
not pinnate and not creeping; branches complanate often long
and simple, sometimes" loosed from the stem. Tufts often
whitish green. Habit of Plagiothecium undulatum: Dioecious
pseudo-monoecious, very r. fruiting. — Swamps and wet mea |
dows r. Eur. Sweden and Norway!; E. Nyman (fruiting). Ger

many: Schimper (fruit). Amer. Can; Macoun; Drümmond
196; Moser.

* H.subflaceum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. Do
Leaves striate gen. ovate-oblong, denticulate above to ‘ly
straight; those of stem short-decurrent; alar cells ‘more distinct.
Tufts green. Capsules unknown, — Swamps r. Amer. Can:
Macoun. ve
35.H.pseudo-pratense Kindb. cat. Can. m. NE.
Differs from H. pratense: Leaves not undulate, more crowded
and more distinctly denticulate above. Stem creeping; branches
short; tufts very dense and green. Monoecious. Capsules -
known. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. E
B. Leaves pale not yellow at insertion, decurrent and 1
undulate. Branches not compressed. vf
36.H.Lindbergii Mitten. — H, arcuatum Lindb., non Sulliv.
Leaves as in H. curvifolium but gen. entire; alar cells large
hyaline. Capsule large curved strongly plicate not strangulate
teeth yellow; cilia long-appendiculate; pedicel ‘thick 5—6 e
long. Stem irregularly divided | eradiculose. ‘Tufts usi
green. Dioecious very r: fruiting. — On clayey’ earth.
not r., nearly common in northern districts. Sweden! S.
Lindberg; E. Collinder (fruiting). Norwayl; E. Nyman (fru
Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne.

pendieulate cilia of endostome. Habit of H.

On earth in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
VIII. Cupressina C, Mueller, in part.
S l. Plicatilia. ONS ua

38.H.plieatile Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt; Hypnum Lesq

cupressiforme. à

- Leaves not decurrent; upper cells: lanceolate, alar small fina:

c A us

hyaline, the others oblong. Stem-leaves suboval short-acumi-
nate entire. Branch-leaves from oval-oblong base tapering to
an often longer and serrulate, sometimes circinnate acumen.
Capsule. cylindric-oblong more or less curved, finally striate,
somewhat large; lid acute. Tufts brown-green. Branches subju-
laceous. R. fruiting. — Rocks in alp. region r. Eur. Norway
less r.| Austria: Milde. France: Boulay. Spetsbergen: R. G yllen-
creutz. Amer. Can. fruiting: Macoun. U. 8.: Roell, com. Cardot.
*H.revolutum Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.; Hypnum Lindberg;
H. Heufleri Juratzka, in part.

Leaves not circinnate, those of branches shorter-acuminate
often entire. Capsules not seen. — Hur. Norway!
2. Reptiliformia.

A. Stem pinnate creeping; paraphyllia wanting or very few.
Branch-leaves denticulate; inner basal cells yellow.
. & Stem-leaves entire at least below. Capsules and leaves
somewhat large. Tufts green.
39.H.reptile Michaux; Schimper. — Leskea pallescens Hedwig;

ypnum Beauvois; C. Mueller.

Stem-leaves entire or ovate-oblong short-acuminate or filiform-

. pointed; branch-leaves narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate,

entire above and at acumen, often circinnate; alar cells small
distinet finally brown-orange, impressed at angles on a short-
. triangular space; the others sublinear. Capsule pale red; teeth
. Pale yellow; segments subhyaline; lid short-pointed; pedicel not
- — Trees and stumps not r. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Ger-

_ Many: Milde. Austria: Progel. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser;

: aghorne.

. Ü0.Hreptiliforme Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

. . Differs from the last: Leaves larger, long-acuminate; those of

E ovate-oblong denticulate above, those of branches ovate-

E lanceolate denticulate all around; alar cells large hyaline. Cap-

- pale yellow; segments yellow; lid not seen; pedicel longer.
77 Amer, x, Can.: Macoun.

b. Leaves denticulate all around.

. ^^. Branches subjulaceous us. brown. Leaves short; cells

. Somewhat wide.

— 3.H.perichetiale Br. eur. 3

. Leaves subovate acute or sometimes short-acuminate; alar

.. tells small dusky on a narrow-triangular space, the others lan-

. eolate-oblong. Capsule finally brown; pedicel short. — Rocks

; : Bi ur. Norway: Kaurin. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 7

— 138 —

bb. Branches green not julaceous. Branch-leaves long often
circinnate; cells narrow.
42.H.pseudo-fastigiatum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. id
Stem-leaves broad-ovate abruptly narrowed to a long filiform
point, decurrent; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate; alar cells small
distinct finally brownish. Capsule pale red; lid rostellate; pe
dicel short. — Trees r. Eur. Norway near Lillehammer! Sweden:
H. Nordenstrem. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 9
43.H.miero-reptile Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. — H. reptile
C. M. syn, not Michaux; H. pallescens- Schimp. syn., not
Beauvois, also not Leskea pallescens Hedwig. hki
Leaves and capsules smaller than in the 4 last species. —
Leaves ovate-lanceolate circinnate with long subulate acumen;
alar cells small few hyaline. Capsule finally brown; lid and
pedicel as in the last. — Rocks and trees, Eur. r. Germany:
Milde. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Fowler; Waghorne.
U. S.: Green, com. Cardot. xa
B. Stem irregularly divided sparingly radiculose; paraphyli
filiform numerous. Branch-leaves gen. entire below acumen;
lower basal cells often pale finally orange. ies
44.H.canariense Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt; Hypnum Kindb;
H. Waghornei Kindb. cat. Canad. m. vibe
Leaves long-acuminate ovate-lanceolate circinnate; alar cells
small dusky numerous, the others narrow. Capsules not seen;
pedicel not long. — Trees and humid rocks r. Eur. Irel. a
Killarney: Lindberg, com. Braithwaite, Amer. N. FoundL: Wag-
horne. ; u

3. Imponentiformia. iaces
A. Tufts nearly eradiculose us. brown. Leaves dark-brc
at insertion, long-acuminate; alar cells not large. Capsule narrow;
lid long-conie rostellate. R. fruiting.
45.H.imponens Hedwig.
Leaves us. not recurved; alar cells on a short-triangular 8
the others linear. Stem-leaves entire from ovate base abrupt)
narrowed; branch-leaves denticulate at acumen. Capsule cylindric
often nearly straight; teeth yellow; cilia appendiculate. Fara-
phyllia broad. Stem brown. Dioecious. Differs from H.

— 139 —

short-conie not rostellate. Leaves often short-acuminate; alar
cells large, basal not brown. Often fruiting. Leaves larger
than in the last.
. 46.H fertile Sendtner.
_ Stem brown or brown-red; paraphyllia narrow. Leaves re-
. curved below; alar cells somewhat numerous finally hyaline on
a short triangular space, inner lower basal gen. pale yellow.
All leaves entire or denticulate only above, from ovate base
nearly gradually narrowed; those of branches filiform-pointed.
Capsule suboblong areuate not striate; teeth yellow above, brown
below; cilia not appendiculate; lid short-pointed. Monoecious.
— Earth and logs in woods r. Eur. Germany (Wuerttemberg)!;
Milde. Switzerl: Roell. Norway: E. Nyman 1893. Amer. Can.:
. Waghorne. U. S.: Roell.
. ÜiJH.eanadense Kindb. in bull. Torr. club XVII.
Stem gen. green; paraphyllia sometimes broad. Leaves gen.
not recurved; alar cells very few (one or two) hyaline impressed
below the arrounded basal angles, inner basal (at insertion)
finally dark-yellow. Stem-leaves entire or at acumen indistinctly
sinuolate, from ovate-oblong base gradually narrowed to a short
. &cumen, sometimes striate. Branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate den-
. liculate nearly all around. Capsule subovate or arcuate finally

striate; teeth orange; cilia us. appendiculate; lid muticous.
| ious. — Logs. Amer. not r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.:
. J. Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. U. S: Prof. A. G. Wetherby.

asi : 4, Callichroidea.

A. Leaves denticulate. Stem creeping; paraphyllia numerous.

Monoecious.
18.H.eireinnale Hooker.
` Leaves marked with orange stripes, red at insertion; lowest

l cells suboval, alar red subquadrate somewhat large on a
hearly round space, the others linear. Stem-leaves nearly entire
m ovate-oblong base tapering to a shorter acumen; branch-
ves ovate-lanceolate serrulate above, nearly entire near base.
Capsule suboval or subobovate; teeth orange; segments pale yellow;
d apiculate; pedicel often longish. Stem red; branches plu-
Miform. Tufts yellowish or green. Habit of H. molluscum.
-— Logs r, Amer. Pacif. distr. less r. Can.: Macoun. U. 8S.: Hen-
lerson, com. Cardot. Eur. »Irel.»: Cardot in revue bryol.
.9.H.Sequoieti C. Mueller. Mens |
., Leaves narrow ovate lanceolate long-acuminate often denticulate
low and serrulate above, yellow at insertion; alar cells few

-= 140 —

round-oyal not well-defined, the others linear. Capsule oval-
oblong; teeth pale yellow; segments hyaline; lid apiculate; pedicel
short. Tufts green. Habit of H. cupressiforme (but. with small
leaves). Differs from H. circinnale in brown or green longer
us. irregularly pinnate stem, not horizontally patent branches
and not striped leaves. — Trees r. Amer. Can: Macoun; Wag
horne. aen

B. Leaves entire or (sometimes in H. Dieckii) at acumen
slightly denticulate; alar cells hyaline somewhat large. Stem |

not creeping; paraphyllia none, Dioecious r. fruiting. Capsule
large. fy

50.H.callichroum Bridel.
Leaves lon

way: R. Hartman. Finl.: Brotherus. Engl.:
Husnot. Germany: Boulay. Austria: Juratzka.
Berggren. Amer, Greenl.: Berggren.
51.H.Dieckii Renauld et Cardot. Mic
Leaves from subovate base acuminate; cells linear-lanceolate
exc. the alar. Tufts green. Stem irregularly divided. Ha!
of Calliergon montanum, — Amer. r. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot.
5. Raphidostegioidea. row
A. Leaves denticulate, Stem radiculose subpinnate; branches
compressed. iE
52.H.Jamesii Sullivant. — Rhynchostegium Sull. ic. m.; Hy
num Lesquereux et James. yee
Leaves entire below, denticulate above, subabruptly tapering
to a subulate often filiform-pointed acumen; alar cells few sub-
quadrate not large, the others linear. Stem-leaves with br ud
ovate base; branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Perichetial leaves with
subulate acumen and sometimes with filiform point, denticulate

: = GU

lanceolate long-acuminate gradually tapering to a filiform point.

Perichetial leaves entire below the long linear point. Capsule

obovate. Tufts olivaceous sparingly radiculose. Lid of capsule

and male flowers not seen. Habit of H. cupressiforme. — Wet
rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.

E B. Leaves entire. Stem eradiculose irregularly divided;
branches not compressed. Capsules unknown.
54.H.pseudo-eomplexum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Leaves not appressed when dry; upper cells lanceolate, lower
oblong, angular (alar) suboval small not well-defined. Stem-
leaves ovate or ovate-oblong. Branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate
longer-acuminate often falcate. Tufts dense pale green. Re-
sembles a var. of H. molluscum in habit. — Arctic district r.
Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

6. Molluscoidea.

A. Leaf-cells more or less sinuous (with crenulate walls).
Tufts eradiculose.

à. Leaves small entire not plicate. Stem irregularly divided.
55.H.condensatum Schimper; Husnot. .

Leaves from ovate base long-subulate, not decurrent; upper
cells linear, the angular yellow irregular oblong-rectangular or
subquadrate. Capsules unknown. Tufts dense pale green. —
Wet places in alp. region r. Eur. Germany: Milde.
ss Leaves us. large, denticulate above, plicate. Stem plu-

.. ‘Miform, i
.96.H.erista castrensis L.

ves ovàte-lanceolate gradually long-acuminate decurrent;
alar cells small few nearly indistinct, the others linear. Capsule
large not striate; annulus narrow; lid short-apiculate; pedicel
long. Tufts loose bright green, finally whitish. Stem rigid;

: Paraphyllia narrow. — Stones in woods princ. coniferous. Eur.

. Common in northern distr., r. in alp. regions. Sweden, Norway

. Amer, Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Wetherby.

B. Leaf-cells not sinuous. Leaves not or faintly striate.
m us. plumiform.

a. Stem gen. sparingly radiculose; para
ves small,

57.H.molluseum Hedwig. i

ves denticulate below, serrulate above, not or indistinctly

“ecurrent; angular cells small numerous hyaline round-oval,

Special alar few not well-defined. Stem-leaves from broad-cor-

base abruptly acuminate. Capsule guboval; annulus broad;

phyllia us. broad.

— 142 —

lid acute or apiculate; pedicel short. . Tufts us. green. Stem
soft sometimes irregularly divided, not r. eradiculose. — Dry
princ. calcareous rocks and earth. Eur. nearly common. Swe
den (wanting in not calcareous alps), Switzerl., Spain! Amer,
not common. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
58.H.molluscoides Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. E
Leaves nearly entire, distinctly decurrent; alar cells somewhat :
large well-defined. Capsule small cylindric arcuate. Otherwise |
as the last. — On logs r. Amer. N. Foundl. Waghorne. :
59.H.Alask:z Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1893. de.
Leaves entire subdecurrent gradually acuminate; alar cells -
large hyaline well-defined. Capsule subovate or arcuate; pedicel 2
Short. Tufts green or pale yellow. Stem creeping subpinnate -
or plumiform. — On trees r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
Can. Moser; N. Foundl.: Waghorne. 2
b. Stem eradiculose without paraphyllia. Leaves gradually
acuminate, often large. |
60.H.procerrimum Molendo. go
Leaves large entire or near the cordate base indistinetly
sinuolate, not distinctly decurrent; cells as in H, molluscum but
the alar finally brown. Capsules. unknown. Tufts green or
brown-green. Stem somewhat rigid. — Rocks in alp. regions
r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld 1862! Switzerl,! Austria: Breidler.
France: Boulay. z
61.H.subplumiferum Kindb. bull. soc. bot. ital. 1895. jt
Leaves large, ovate at base, serrulate all around and subde-
current; alar cells. hyaline well-defined somewhat large. .Cap-
sules unknown. . Tufts brown-green, — Rocks in alp. region
r. Eur. Switzerl. near Goeschenen: Kindb. and Roell. "i
62.H.plumiferum Mitten. — H. eristula Kindb. bull. Torr.
club XVII, BY
Leaves somewhat large, ovate at base, entire at least below
the to an us. long filiform point tapering acumen, sometimes
subdecurrent; alar cells few gen. not well-defined. Capsule
large narrow subcylindric nearly straight; teeth pale yellow
below, hyaline above; lid conic obtuse; pedicel somewhat long.
Perichetial leaves faintly striate, abruptly narrowed to the fili-
form point. Tufts brown-green or green. — Rocks and trees
in oak-woods r. Amer. princ. in Pacif. distr. Can. Vane. isl:
Macoun. U. $S.: Roell, et
* H.subimponens Lesq.; Sulliv. icon. muse,

Leaves smaller gen. nearly entire at the subulate acumen.

— 148 —

Capsule more curved; lid acute often apiculate. — Amer. r.
(Can. Brit. Col: Macoun; N. Brunsw.: Moser. U. S.: Bolzender,
herb. Lesquereux, com. C. Mueller and J. Cardot.
7. Hamulosa.
A. Stem-leaves distant. Tufts loose eradiculose.
. 63.H.filiforme Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

_ Leaves ovate with short subulate or longer and filiform point,
faintly denticulate at acumen; those of stem recurved at one
side; upper cells lanceolate, lower oblong, alar few hyaline.
Tufts green. Stem long pinnate; branches distant; paraphyllia
broad very few. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — Rocks r.
Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.

- B. Leaves crowded. ‘Tufts radiculose us. dense.

—8. Leaves neither recurved nor decurrent. Monoecious (exc.
H. fastigiatum *dolomiticum).

64.H.hamulosum Br. eur.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate or with broad-ovate base often denti-
culate at acumen; lowest basal and angular cells short not
. well-defined, special -alar scarcely distinct; other cells linear.
. Perichetial leaves ovate-oblong. Capsule small nearly straight
| hot eonstrieted. Tufts us. yellowish green. Stem us. not
. pinnate; paraphyllia broad. — On earth in swamps or on rocks,

»in Amer. also on trees and logs» (Macoun). Eur. in alp. regions
gens r, Norway less r| Sweden: Lindberg. France: Husnot.

Amer, r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. . Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne.
$5.H.fastigiatum Bridel.

- Leaves smaller than in the last, ovate-lanceolate nearly gra-
dually narrowed often denticulate at acumen; lowest basal and
angular (alar) cells subquadrate more distinct and more nume-
tous; other cells linear. Perichetial leaves long ovate-lanceolate.
E psule as in the last. Tufts green. Stem us. pinnate with

"arrow paraphyllia. — Rocks princ. calcareous in or below alp.
. Iegions.^ Eur. not r, Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.| Finl.: Brothe-
~ qu&,. France: Husnot. Austria: Venturi. Amer. r. Can.: Ma-

oun; Waghorne.

* H.dolomitieum Milde. |

-~ Leaves narrower, gradually subulate. Branches less crowded;

. Paraphyllia and rhizoids few. Dioecious. — Dolomitic and

. Rhistose rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Milde; Venturi.

. 86.H.Sauteri Bryol. eur; Husnot m. gall.

. Differs from H. fastigiatum: Leaves smaller and less crowded;
Periehetia] ovate. Capsule smaller more curved faintly con-

— 144 —

stricted. Tufts loóser. — Rocks r.' Eur, Norway, Switzerll
Italy: Molendo. i E : ME.
b. Leaves recurved to the middle at both sides of basal
part or at one side to acumen, subdecurrent. Dioecious.
67.H.dovrense Kindb. mém. goc. de Cherbourg 1884. E
Leaves crowded entire long-acuminate; those of stem from |
oval base abruptly narrowed; upper cells sublinear, lower oblong, -
angular round-oval, special alar hyaline larger. Capsules " —
known. Tufts compact sparingly radiculose, blackish brown —
with green branch-tops or brown-green silver-glossy. Stem not —
pinnate; paraphyllia broad. — Rocks in higher alp. region r.
Eur. Norway!; W. Baur. ;
8. Cupressiformia. À
A. Alar leaf-cells very small opake often yellow or brown. -

Stem us. radiculose often subpinnate. Leaves often recurved —
below.

68.H.cupressiforme L.

Leaves entire or faintly denticulate us. with ovate-oblong
base, often large not r. straight; alar cells somewhat numerous
on a round-quadrate space, the others us. linear; costa short
double or indistinct. Capsule cylindric us. large’ and curved;
cilia somewhat long not appendiculate; lid rostellate or mamil-
late; pedicel us. not long. Stem brown or green often sub-
pinnate; branches faintly compressed or r. subjulaceous. Very
variable. — Earth, trees and dry rocks. Eur. common, r. in

alp. regions. Sweden etc.! Amer, not common. Can: Macoun;
Waghorne. |

69.H.resupinatum Wilson.

Leaves small often serrulate above, us. nearly straight, nar-

an in the last; upper cells lan-

: rt-triangular space. Branch-leaves —
often with simple to middle reachin

not large often straight; cilia rudim
short. Stem irregularly divided; bra
sparingly | radiculose. R. fruiting.

gl.: Rogers.
B. Alar or all angular leaf-cells more uer and pellucid.

Stems eradiculose us. loosely cohering and itrékutarhe aila. 4
Leaves gen. entire and not recurved, oe

à. Special alar leaf-cells few somewhat large, Capsule cylindric,

— 145 —

70.H.eomplexum Miiten. -` | fre’

Leaves from oval-oblong base tapering io a subulate acumen,
somewhat large; inner cells narrow, angular round-oval, alar
quadrate; »upper ‘cells slightly prominent at the upper and»:
Lesq.-et Jam.*) — Amer. r. Can. N. Brunsw.: Moser.
b. Angular leaf-cells small. Capsules unknown.
71.H.Vaucheri Lesquereux.

"Leaves small; upper cells lanceolate, lower basal suboblong,
angular numerous not hyaline, special alar disposed on a nar-
row-triangular space. Stem-leaves abruptly narrowed from broad-
ovate base; branch-leaves ovate-oblong or ovute-lanceolate. Tufts
yellowish green. Branches julaceous or subjulaceous. — Rocks
t. Eur. princ. in alp: regions. Norway, Switzerl.! Italy: E.
. Adlerz. France: Boulay; Amer: N. Foundl: Waghorne.

T2.H.subeomplexum Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.

Differs from the last: Leaves larger and shorter, abruptly
narrowed from subovate base; angular cells smaller and finally
hyaline without special alar. Tufts green. — Amer. r. Can.
Cypress hills: Macoun. :

9. Amblystegioidea.
13.H.ineurvatum Schrader. — Amblystegium Kindb. Laubm.;
»Amblystegium enerve and Hypnum Blyttii Br. eur.»: Lindb.

ves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-subulate or ovate-oblong
With filiform point, nearly entire or at acumen denticulate, often
5 ly disposed sometimes nearly straight; alar cells small green

numerous quadrate on a narrow-triangular space. Perichetial
leaves denticulate above with filiform point. Capsule small
arcuate; lid apiculate-rostellate; cilia nodose; annulus narrow;
pedicel short, Tufts bright green silky glossy or brownish,
. sparingly radieulose. Habit of Amblystegium subtile. e On rocks
. and walls or r. on trees. Eur. not r. below alp. regions. Swe-

. den, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Moser; Waghorne.

— T4H.depressulum C. Mueller. — »H. Vaucheri»: cat. Can.
. ™. in part.

. "Leaves from oval-oblong base narrowed to a subulate acumen,
. Sinuolate at base faintly denticulate above, erowded subdecur-
. Tént; angular cells round-oval not numerous, special alar qua-
drate hyaline larger. Capsule arcuate somewhat large; lid mu-
ticous; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts brown- green. Stem sub-
pinnate, — Amer. r. U.S.: Lesquereux, com. Renauld. Can.: Macoun.

$

Maile
*) The cells are mamillose as in H. cupressiforme, Eurhynchium ete.

— 146 —

Fam. 14. Fontinalacez.

63. Fontinalis L.
A. Leaves serrulate in upper part of acumen.

1. Serrifoliw. . Leaves narrow concave not conduplicate, sub-
distichous, us. distant. dab

B. Leaves entire or at apex slightly sinuolate. M

2. Angustifoliw. Leaves narrow us. concave subdistichous.

3. Latifoliw. Leaves of stem broad us. conduplicate, some- —
times soon deciduous, us. tristichous. má
l.. Serrifolis. - d
À. Leaves narrowly long-acuminate not distinctly decurrent; |
alar cells not large. Capsule long cylindric; lid long-conie.
l.Fdisticha Hooker et Wilson; Sulliv. ic, muse. t. 63. — F
microdonta Renauld ? |
Leaves ovate-lanceolate not c
narrow sublinear, — Amer
231 (»F. Lescurii»). 2
2.F.filiformis Sullivant et Lesquereux. — F, disticha vat.
tenuior Sulliv. ic. m. tab, 64 ; e
Leaves convolute above, smaller and narrower than in the
last; cells suboblong or oblong-lanceolate. —— Amer. r. U. 8: a

onvolute; upper and inner cells _
- T. Can. Macoun Canad. musci e

E

Langlois, com. Cardot.

B. Leaves broadly acuminate often decurrent; alar cells large. :
Capsule oval-oblong.

a. Leaves not long-acuminate; apical cells sometimes suboval. —
3.F.Leseurii Sulliv. ic. m. 1. 61. —»F. flaccida Ren. et Card.»: C. M.

Leaves decurrent. short-aeuminate gen. ovate-oblong; cells gen.
linear-lanceolate exc. the alar. Capsule with long-conic lid. —

Amer. r. U. S.: Brendel, com, C. Mueller; Fitzgerald and Langlois,
com. Cardot. Can.: Macoun; ie

4.F.Sullivantii Lindberg. —.F. Leseurij TWoBorSald& e
62; F. Langloisii Cardot ? lot

oblong. lanceolate.

than in the both last; cells

Capsules not seen. — Amer. y. U. 8, 84 is: Engelmann
com. Roel, | dose: Igi

— 147 —

2. Angustifolie.

A. Leaves long-distant gen. concave. Us. dioecious.

. a. Leaves with broad us. obtuse acumen, decurrent.
6.F.hypnoides R. Hartman. — F. Ravani Hy.

Leaves. ovate-lanceolate; alar cells well-defined, the others
lanceolate. Capsule short, oval or subcylindrie; teeth red; lid
short-conic. Stem flaccid, Habit of Hypnum riparium. —
Logs and stones in stagnant or not rapidly running water r.
Eur. Sweden!; R. Hartman; Lindberg. France: Hy, com. Le
Jolis. Amer. Can: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot,

*F. longifolia C. Jensen; Cardot monogr. Fontinal. .

»Leaves sharply acuminate split. when old; middle cells
sublinear. Capsules unknown. — : Eur. r. Iceland: Feddersen»:
Limpricht.
7.F.Nove Anglis Sullivant ic. m. — »F. tenella Ren. et Card.»:
C. M.; F. Cardoti Renauld ?

Differs from F. hypnoides: Leaves smaller, slightly sinuolate
at apex; apieal cells suboval, alar suboblong not well-defined
but. impressed at angles. Capsule oval-oblong; lid long-conic.
— Rivers r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.

* Finvoluta Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves gen. involute at borders; cells sublinear exc. the more
` or less distinct alar. Branches more compressed. — Amer. r.
U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot.

b. Leaves narrowly long-acuminate acute often subulate, us.
not distinctly decurrent.
8.F.dichelymoides Lindberg.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate; alar cells somewhat well-
defined rot distinctly impressed at angles, the others narrow
sublinear, Capsules unknown. Habit of Hypnum fluitans and
Dichelyma capillaceum, — Lakes r. Eur. Finl.: Brotherus. Amer.
45 dp Cardot. : -—

‘microphylla Schimper; Limpricht.

: E d eie unknown. — Lakes r. Eur.

rmany»: Limpricht. : .

B. Leaves gen. crowded. .Dioecious or (F. baltica) paroecious.

a. Leaves short, channelled in middle. .

. 9.F.maritima C. Mueller. :

"Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtuse or short-acuminate

= Subacute; alar cells somewhat well-defined, the others narrow

sublinear. Branches rigid. Capsules unknown. — Amer, r.
U.S. Washington in Neah-bay of Pacific sea: Eggers, com, C. M.

— 148 —

- b. Leaves long concave; alar cells well-defined. d
aa. Leaves somewhat broadly ovate-lanceolate; apical -cells
few suboval.
10.F.squamosa L. dd

Leaves not distinctly decurrent, subacute often with short
point, more or less acuminate; middle cells lanceolate-linear, Um
inner basal sublanceolate, alar impressed at angles. Capsule
oval-oblong; teeth red; segments united; lid short-conic. Rocks
in running water. — Eur. Germany: Schimper. Belgium:
Gravet. France: Pelvet. Austria: Schmidt. Norway: Nyman.
* F.Delamarei Renauld et Cardot. e

Capsule smaller oblong-cylindrie; »teeth much shorter»: Cardot. —
— Amer. r. U. 8. Miquelon: Delamare, com. Cardot.

bb. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate: alar cells not impres —
sed, the others uniform narrow. :
11.F.dalecarliea Schimper.

Leaves decurrent gen. short-acuminate subacute; cells sub-
lanceolate. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth orange-red; segments us,
not wholly united; lid short subconvex obtuse. — Running |
water or lakes in northern districts. Eur. Sweden not KO
Swartz; R. Hartman. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Fowler.

12 F.baltiea Klinggreeff.

»Differs from the last: Leaves subulate long-acuminate.
Peristomial teeth red; lid conic acute, Paroecious. — Lakes.
Eur. Germany»: Limpricht.
13.F.seriata Lindberg. ae C

Leaves us. not distinetly decurrent, long-acuminate often. 2
subulate with a short half-twisted point; cells sublinear. Cap -

sules unknown. — Rivers r. Eur. Sweden: Conr. Indebetou,
detector of this species.

9. Latifoliz,

A. Leaves of stem distant very concave inflated decurrent, 2
sometimes conduplicate; cell-walls sinuous,

14.F.Heldreiehii C. Mueller.

Stem us. simple; its leaves cymbiform subcircular obtuse
obtusate or short-acuminate; alar cells not well-defined, the —
others sublanceolate, Capsules unknown. — Rivulets in alp. :
region r. Eur. Greece: Heldreich. ha

B. Leaves of stem distant, plieate in middle, decurrent u&. ——
conduplieate; cells subfusiform not sinuous at walls. Us. dioecious.

a. Endostome completely cancellate. Stem without special 7s
branchlets, at

— 149 —

15.F.antipyretica L. — F. Howellii Ren. et Card. ?

. Leaves of stem ovate-oblong with gen. obtuse not long acumen;
alar cells brown gen. not well-defined, the others us. sublinear-
fusiform. Branch-leaves us. not much narrower. © Perichetial
leaves us. obtuse. Capsule oval or oval-oblong r. round-oval;
teeth red; lid obtuse subconvex or short-conic. Very variable,
— A var. with broader leaves and wider cells often is mistaken
for F. gigantea Sulliv.; its leaves are often copper reddish, —
Common in running water, r. in marshes and in alp. regions.
Eur. Sweden! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. $: Delamare, com.

~ : Cardot.

*F.graeilis Lindberg.
. Leaves more heteromorphous; the vernal of stem soon deci-
duous, those of branches us. as narrow as in F. dalecarlica.
Capsule often round-oval. Eur. probably not r. Sweden! Finl.:
Lackstrcem, com. Brotherus. Austria: Venturi.
* F.arverniea Renauld.
»Leaves oblong-lanceolate, sometimes with 2—5 teeth at apex.
>> Lakes r. Eur. France: Renauld»: Cardot l. c.
* F.ealifornica Sullivant. :
. Leaves often less distinctly conduplicate, gen. broad and nearly
uniform; alar cells more distinct subhyaline. — Stagnant wa-
ter r. Amer, U. S.: Bolznder, com. C. Mueller and J, Cardot.
* F.Durizi Schimper. ;
Leaves as in last subspecies but slightly denticulate at apex;
apical cells suboval, middle sublanceolate. Hur. r. France:
pagne, com. Husnot. (Africa: Durieu, com. Husnot.) Amer.
= 2U. B.»: Cardot.
F.islandiea Cardot. —
_ ?Leaves narrower, sharply long-acuminate; areolation irregular.
Eur. Iceland»; Cardot.
" F.sparsifolia Limpricht. :
»Leaves lanceolate-linear. Peristomial teeth yellowish red,
Habit of F. antip. *gracilis but more slender. — Eur. Norway:
E Limpricht.
‘androgyna Ruthe. :
enr ridi decurrent; alar cells well-defined. Paroecious.
— Eur. Germany: Ruthe»: Limpricht. :
2 i F.neomexicana Sullivant et Lesquereux;. Sull ie. m.
. "MF. antipyretica var.»: Cardot. d
Differs, sra F. antipyretica: Leaves less distant and longer-
decurrent, bright green or yellowish glossy; alar cells well-defined,

-— 150 —

Perichetial leaves abruptly narrowed to a longish subulate acu-
men. — Streams r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. $.; Henderson,
com. Cardot.

17.F.gothiea Cardot et Arnell.

Leaves of stem ovate obtuse sometimes canaliculate or l
conduplicate; apical cells few suboval, alar faintly brown well-
defined impressed at angles. Branch-leaves narrow. Capsules.
unknown. — Stagnant water r. Eur. Sweden: O: Nordstedt.

b. Endostome cancellate only near apex. Stem with special

short branchlets; their leaves small sublinear subobtuse convo-
lute in upper half. ría.

18.F.biformis Sullivant icon. muscor. ;

Vernal stem-leaves distant obtuse entire ovate or oblong,
concave or. conduplicate, soon -deciduous; alar cells not well-
defined, the others narrow sublinear. Estival stem-leaves crow-
ded narrowly ovate-lanceolate subacute long-decurrent, slightly
denticulate at apex and gen. short-acuminate; apical cells sub-
oval, the others lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate exc. the alar.
Capsule oblong-cylindrie; lid long-conie, — Streams r. Amer,
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller and J. Cardot.

C. Leaves of stem nearly crowded and not often distinctly
decurrent, sometimes subconcave not conduplicate. T

à. Leaves of stem very obtuse obtusate not distinctly decur-
rent. Stem without special branchlets. wwe
19.F.gigantea Sulliv. icon. m.; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. dy

Stem-leaves | round-ovate very large and broad, not often
conduplicate; apical cells suboval, middle suboblong. Branch-
leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate or obtusate. Capsule broad-
oval; lid obtuse. Confounded with large states of F. antipyre
fica. — Running water r, Amer, Can.: Macoun Canad. musei n. 228.
* F.mollis C. Mueller in Bot, Centralblatt. : Te

Stem-leaves broad-ovate very crowded not decurrent, plicate
in middle but not i i
lanceolate. Capsules unk
distr: Roell, com. C, Mu

b. Leaves of

Leaves often copper-brown and glossy; cells narrow. Stem
leaves | ovate-lanceolate sometimes conduplicate; branch-leaves -

— 151 —

concave not plicate. Capsule oblong-cylindric; lid conic; teeth
red. — Ponds r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun Canad. musci
n. 233. »U. S.» Cardot. Eur. »France, Italy, Austria»: Cardot.

64. Dichelyma Myrin.

Å. Leaves us. nearly straight, upper obtuse or subobtuse;
costa not excurrent. Endostome not or only at apex cancellate.
D.pallescens Br. eur. — Neckera leucoclada C. M. syn.

Upper leaves denticulate below, serrate above. Capsule oval-
oblong; pedicel short-exserted. Tufts olive-green. — On wet
logs or on base of trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Fowler.

B. Leaves subulate falcate; costa excurrent or r. (in D. cy-
lindricarpum) percurrent.

a. Pedicel of capsule not exserted above perichetial leaves.

Endostome not or only at apex cancellate.
2.D.capillaceum Dickson. — Fontinalis Dicks.; Dichelyma Schimp.

Upper leaves entire; costa long-excurrent. Capsule oval-oblong,
Tufts green or blackish. Leaves smaller than in D. falcatum.
.— Trees and logs by ponds or in rivulets r. Eur. Sweden:
C. Hartman; Lindberg; Berggren. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Moser;
Drummond n. 234.
b. Pedicel long-exserted. Endostome completely cancellate,
3.D.faleatum Hedwig. — Fontinalis H.; Dichelyma Myrin.
- Leaves somewhat large, upper entire below and serrate above;
. Costa short-excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric. Habit of Hyp-
num fluitans. — Swamps, lakes and brooks in northern districts.
Hur. Sweden and Norway not r| Germany very r.: Schiffner.
.. Amer. r, Can.: Labrador: Waghorne.

. 4D.uncinatum Mitten.

p Leaves smaller than in the last; upper denticulate below,

Serrate above; costa long-excurrent. Capsule oval; pedicel shorter
3 in the last. Habit of D. capillaceum. — Logs and trees
ìm ponds and brooks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S: Howell
and Henderson, com. Cardot.

5.D.eylindricarpum Austin.

Leaves small as in the last; upper entire at least below,
Sometimes faintly denticulate (not serrate) above; costa long-
€xcurrent or percurrent. Capsule cylindric; pedicel long-exserted.
. Habit of the last. — Inundated rocks r. Amer. Can. Cascade
Mountains: Macoun; determ. Austin.
65. Brachelyma Schimper.

ae L.B.subulatum Beauvois. — Fontinalis Beauv.; Brachelyma
p.; Neckera C. M. syn.

— 153 —

^»Leaves. distant tristichous carinate decurrent oblong-lane
late acute or obtuse, denticulate above; lower not falcate;

pellueid, middle short, basal and marginal long, alar mu
larger; costa subpereurrent. Capsule oval; teeth orange; s
ments rufescent not or only at apex cancellate. Stem |]
pinnate; branches curved above»: C. M. and Cardot. — |
and trees in rivulets r. Amer. »U. S.o: C. M. syn.

——ü-— 9 A

Index of pleurocarpous genera.

à Page
Abito or. 0 s aoua kMescumar: ied Sms
Ambirstegiumi. oic]. i oi (Leti TDi LABOR ocu CE more od Er tw
ZEE. 0o... dal Led .. | . — m
Booman S Urge Ho 9 | Lindbergia NOE
Awtrériehia a GE nudos 9" "Maéounielié 2: ^ f° RYT PM
Brabhelyma uw. or etal vis albito: Meteorium iab Bum.
Brachythecium |: any. ... 106 Myrinia : eot
EE —. . a .. 98 Myurella . CH.» 32 ud
EEG C o UN REOS. ——
Camptotheeium . . . . . 861} Neckera . . OR SADIE
Campylium .-.. . . . . . 119 Neckeropsis . . . . :
Caanniodon... 6o oobis iod Papillaria ; '
dE ue v4 oo... MI Plagiothecium . todo t

a se ie tito. es

Pakon FO agoni. bgg Plat9loniitto y. L u
Diohidlyma T visrsyuauien 151 Borotriehum’ has 05503
ZUR eee Pseudoleskea inga Ko
meus... > .. MINES: oH ricis ded

So. 2 jud ur EE Cow C* IN EEDETPSOSUEE
PORINIU 50500250, tefie. dt da Pterogonium .
Forsstremia 9. inyo hows 6 | Pterygophyllum .
Ogni 1. . vs 0 AD Pterygynandrum .
Ao... Ae Pylaisia hos fita. d
Hedwig s ioe t 5 | Pylaiella ^^ 0. ee
Helicodontium. . . . . , 97 Raphidostegium . . . . . -—
Heterodadium . . . . . . 45 Rhynehostegium . . . . +

. Heterophyllon . . . . . , 199 Stereophyllum . . . ... +
Heu. o n 21 | TexHhaüum 2... 1.
Boers... VNE 22] TEAMU ee eee
Hylocomium |. . , . ,'; gg Thelia . PHOTO Or, VUE
Mymsid 0520. ccn sd & 194) Thoidiurh — es! vii to i
libel ev ou. svn 388 Tripterocladium .. : . . +

Leptodon —. . . JA

DOE. EPN
— Me

- European amd N. American
hee. Bryine® (Mosses)

deseribed

\ by Eu i se
JC € Kie Pa Qr o
Professor of college, - ug
mem. corresp. of Soe. des sciences nat. Cherbourg.

Linkoping, Sweden.

> pie _Dalilstrems Bookselling

m "A. Bickerman).

zoe ee i "qum

j P. Ier irc duel x:

Publisher: 20 swedish crowns (kronor),, 29 francs, 23 Reichamark, 23
Shillings;

Ñh foreign ’ booksellíngs: 36 frka 29 Reschemask, 29 shillings; i
in America 7 dollars.

Lu pet pei m er ode *

Lino ping, S
Linköpings — Aktiebolag 1 1897,

. Prize of both se for subscribers and in the + bdokseliur of the —

Bevin jee

deseribed — dui y "

; by | x: 2

X € Kindberg, Pi. Dı
-~ Professor of college,

memb. corresp. of Koc. des sciences nat. Cherbourg.

-

Part 2.

rrr

linkeping, Sweden.

E JA alilstreems Bookselling

(C. wr. Cuckernman).

PR ded ee cie

Prize of both parts: for subscribers and in the TRTE of the
üsher: 20 swedish crowns (kronor), 29 francs, 23 Reichsmark, 23 E

in foreign booksellings: 36 francs, 29 Reichsmark, 29 shillings »
'à 1 dollars.

veg

— MC — ——— — —

Linkópings Lithografiska Aktiebolag 1897.

Species

- European and Northamerican
| Bryineæ (Mosses)

synoptically deseribed
by |

Prof. N. Conr. Kindberg, Ph. D.

Part. 2.

Aecpoearpous.

Lane —

Linkóping, à
Linkópings Lithografiska Aktiebolag
1897.

— MiB —

Fam. 15. Schistostegacee.
66. Schistostega Mohr. a
1.8.osmundacea Dickson. — Mnium Dicks., Schistostega Mohr;
Lobes of the frons (»leaves») suboblong short-acuminate acute’
entire; cells large. Capsule minute globose; pedicel elongate.
Stem naked below, often with long basal shoots bearing a bud
of ovate-lanceolate leaves. Prothallium (protonema) effulgent
as a smaragd. — Dark caverns of sandstone rocks or (in Can.)
on roots of stumps, Eur. not r. Sweden! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

Fam. 16. Eustichiacee.

: 67. Eustichia Bridel.

= 1.Eimbricata Desvaux. — Fissidens Desv.; Eustichia Kindb.;
E. norvegica Brid. (incorrect name). ;

Leaves entire: lower short truncate or apiculate, upper acu-
minate; costa not excurrent. Perichetial leaves very much lon-
ger, long-subulate distantly crenulate, often hyaline at apex.

Capsule globose chestnut-colored scarcely emergent above the
points of perichetial leaves; pedicel shortish arcuate when moi-
Stened. Dioecious very r. fruit. — Shaded sandstone rocks r.

Amer. U. S.: Sullivant; Cheney, fruit.; Roell; Mrs Britton. Eur.
^eeland: Vahl»: Schimper.

Fam. 17. Polytrichacee.

68. Catharinea Ehrhart. :

-1. Lepidophylle. Leaves undulate, furnished with trans-
Verse rows of scales at back. Mostly paroecious.

2. Leiophyllz. Leaves not distinctly undulate, without
es. Dioecious.

1. Lepidophylle.

A. Leaves broader at base. Capsule strangulate; calyptra
Rmooth.

LC.Selwyni Austin. — Atrichum Aust; Catharinea Kindb.
Tévue bryol. 1894.

.. Leaves broad oblong-lanceolate obtusate subobtuse, dentate
to below middle, very chlorophyllose above, pellucid and some-
times. rufescent below, spreading when moistened; lamellz us.

6; costa dentate at back. Capsule nearly straight. Paroecious.
— On earth or stumps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Howell,
om. Cardot; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton.

d Leaves narrowed at base. Capsule not or slightly stran-
Bulate; calyptra scabrous at apex.

11

—- 154 —

a. Leaves limbate by 2 rows of linear cells; costa dentate
above at back. Capsule cylindric.
2.C.undulatía L. — Bryum L.; Catharinea Weber et Mohr;
Atrichum Br. eur. |

Leaves narrowly lanceolate acuminate acute, dentate also
below middle, very chlorophyllose, spreading when moistened, .
gen. large and green; lamelle us. 2—4. Capsule us. large -
curved; pedicel often very long. Paroecious or polygamous;
male plants rare. — Earth and wet rocks princ. in lower regions,
common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun.
U. S.: Roell; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
3.C.Haussknechtii Juratzka et Milde. — Atrichum J. et M.;
Catharinea Brotherus; C. anomala Bryhn.

Differs from the last: Leaves lanceolate short-acuminate sub-
obtuse, less large. Capsules smaller and nearly straight, some-
times clustered. More often paroecious. — Wet earth in woods
r. Eur. Norway: Bryhn. Amer. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. ;
4.C.angustata Bridel. — Atrichum Br. eur.

Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate short-acuminate sub-
obtuse, entire below middle, faintly chlorophyllose and often
subpellucid, patent when moistened, less large and less undu-
late than in the both last and gen. olive-green; lamella us. 5—7. _
Capsule less large and nearly straight; pedicel red shortish.
Dioecious. Male plants abundant in separate tufts with cup-
shaped flowers; perigonial leaves with thick costa. — Sandy
and clayey earth, often on rocks and stone-walls. Mur. prine. —
in southern distr. Switzerl.! Amer. more common. Can: Ma —
coun. U. 8: Wetherby. zin
* C.xanthopelma C. Mueller. — Atrichum Lesq. et Jam. —

Leaves more distinctly obtuse with smaller teeth. Pedicel ;
of capsule long and pale. — Amer. r. U. S.: Boll, com. C. —
Mueller; Langlois, com. Renauld.

b. Leaves indistinctly limbate by one row of linear cells; -
costa nearly smooth. Fruiting stem unknown.
5.C.rosulata C. M. et Kindb.; Atrichum eat. Canad. m. 23

Shoot-leaves short rosulate: upper oblong-lanceolate subobtuse
dentate above middle and scarcely undulate, spreading when |
moist, often without scales at back. — On old stumps r. Amer.
Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. :

: 2. Leiophylle.
6.C.erispa James. — Atrichum Sulliv. icon. muse, ^ 1
Leaves large distant obtusate obtuse oval-oblong or oblong-

= VB! =

lanceolate, denticulate above middle, narrowed at base; lamellæ

. us. 3; costa smooth at back. Capsule subcylindrie or subcla-

vate; pedicel not long. Stem often high. R. fruiting. — Clay
soil or among grass near water. Eur. r. Engl: Rogers. Amer.
less r. Can.: Macoun (fruit.).

T.C.tenella Roehling. — Atrichum Br. eur.

Leaves somewhat small crowded acute not broad, suboblong
or oblong-lanceolate not much narrowed below, denticulate also
below middle; lamellee 3—5; costa dentate above at back. Cap-
sule small oblong; pedicel not long. Stem about 1 c. m. or
lower — Wet sandy soil in lower regions. Hur. princ. in
northern distr. Sweden not r.!

69. Oligotrichum Lamarck et De Candolle.

A. Leaves narrow subvaginant us. brown, faintly crisped
. When dry.

à. Leaves with short lamelle at back. —

LO.hereynieum Ehrh. — Catharinea Ehrh.; Oligotrichum Lam.
et D. C.

Leaves dentate above at borders and at back, gradually nar-
. Towed, subulate or acute; lamellae of upper side 8—12 cohe-
Ting, those of under side 3—5 near base. Capsule suboblong
not or slightly strangulate; pedicel not long; calyptra often with
Many hairs. — Sandy ground princ. in alps. Eur. less r. in
Borthern distr. Norway! Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

2.0.integrifolium Kindb. revue bryol. 1894.
-Differs from the last: Leaves broader, subobtuse entire, smooth
at back. Capsule thicker below, strangulate plicate when dry.
. > Alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
— M. Leaves with long lamelle at back.
: 3.0.aligerum Mitten; Sullivant icon. m.
| ves longer than in the both last, sublinear subulate or
A üte, dentate at least above middle of borders; lamelle of
Upper side 5—8 near costa, those of under side 3—5 near
sta and 4—-5 near borders. Capsule strangulate narrowly
OVateoblong or subeylindrie; lid rostrate; pedicel thin very
Ong; calyptra with few hairs in upper part. — Clay banks in
"P. regions r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. à
B. Leaves broad large not sheathing, green, cirrate-crisped

When dry; lamellæ long also at back, 3—6 near costa on upper
Hde, 2 — 3 near costa and sometimes 1—2 rudimentary near
| at back.

ue EE.

4.0.parallelum Mitten. — Atrichum Mitt.; Sull. ie. m.; Oligo-
trichum Kindb. l. c. . a
Leaves sublanceolate (or in male plant oval-oblong) acute or
short-acuminate, dentate to below middle, marked with longi- -
tudinal stripes at back; costa scarcely percurrent. also in the
nearly similar perichetial leaves. Capsule as in the last but
thicker; lid rostrate; pedicel thick longish; calyptra unknown. 5
— Wet rocks in alps r. Amer. Brit. Col. in higher alp. region: |
Macoun. Eur. Norway: E. Nyman, id.
5.0.leiophyllum Kindb. — Atrichum in bull. Torr. club. —
Differs from the last: Leaves not striped, upper longer-acu- -
minate; perichetial with still longer acumen and excurrent
costa. Capsule longer. Calyptra nearly glabrous. — Damp s
earth in alp. regions. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Oan.
Brit. Col. and Vance. isl: J. Macoun. |
70. Psilopilum Bridel. a
1.P.levigatum Wahlenberg. — Polytrichum Wahl. fl. lapp; *
Psilopilum Limpricht. pes
Leaves short ovate-oblong subobtuse crenulate above, no.
dentate at back. Capsule large broadly subovate more or less
curved; pedicel not long. — Sandy or turfy soil in arctic distr.
Eur. Spetsbergen: A. E. Nordenskiceld; Berggren. Amer. Can.:
Breutel. Alaska: Palmer and J. M. Macoun. Greenl. Berggren. -
7l. Bartramiopsis Kindb. revue bryol. 1894. E
1.B.Leseurii James. — Atrichum Jam.; Bartramiopsis Kindb.;
Oligotrichum Mitten. | ie
Leaves linear-lanceolate short-acuminate, sharply dentate to the
sheath, not much loosely disposed, more or less incurved when
dry, nearly straight and spreading when moist; lamelle 4—8.
Stem 2—3 centim. long nearly eradiculose, naked and filiform
below. (Described to specimens from Japan) »Capsule erect
short cylindric-ovate constricted below mouth; pedicel short»:

Lesq. et Jam. — Amer. » Alaska»: Lesq. et Jam. (Japan: Bisset, —
determ. Mitten). TD
* B.sitkana Kindb. 1. c. ; aach

Leaves longer, long-subulate more loosely disposed, cirrate

when dry. Capsules unknown. Habit of Bartramia crispa. — —
Amer. Alaska, Sitka: J. M. Macoun. qu

72. Qatharinella Kindb. rev. bryol. 1894. is

À. Leaves short-acuminate sheathing; marginal teeth i

with a single red cell at apex; lamellze 20—30. Stem and
pedicel not long. ed

= 157 —

1.C.contorta Menzies. — Catharinea Mz.; Pogonatum Sull. ic.
m. in part.
Leaves dark green sublinear acute strongly dentate nearly
all around; cells of sheath chlorophyllose subquadrate; lamellæ
about 30, their cells rotundate green; costa dentate at back,
not excurrent. Capsule narrow subcylindric strangulate not
large; peristomial membrane elevate; pedicel contorted. — On
roots of trees (Douglas-firs) r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. Can. Brit. Col: J. Macoun. U. S.: Hall, com. Macoun.
'2.C.atrovirens Mitten. —- Pogonatum Mitt.
Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, more distinctly shea-
thing, bright or glaucous green, more strongly crisped; cells of
sheath hyaline; lamelle about 20. — Roadsides r. Amer.
Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
B. Leaves longacuminate not sheathing: marginal teeth
large with 2—3 red cells; lamelle about 40. Stem and pedi-
cel very long.
3.C.erythrodontia Kindb. l. e. — Pogonatum contortum Sull.
l c. in part.
Habit of C. contorta. — Wet woods r. Amer. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. Can. Brit. Col. and Vane. isl: J. Macoun.
. €. Leaves short-acuminate short-sheathing; marginal teeth

not large, formed by one single cell, finally pale yellow not
red; lamelle about 20. Capsules unknown. Stem not long.
4QC.Dixoni Braithwaite. — Catharinea Braithw. brit. mossfl.;
Catharinella Kindb. rev. bryol. 1894.

Leaves dark green. not long, linear-lanceolate acute, dentate
above gen. to middle, broadly bordered by wings of lamina
. Often nearly all around; cells of sheath subquadrate not chlo-
. Tophyllose; costa short-excurrent dentate at back. — On base
of trees r. Eur. Engl: Dixon, com. Braithwaite.

73. Polytrichum L.

A. Calyptra short-acuminate densely hairy.

. 4. Capsule papillose. Leaves often incurved when dry, r.

aristate, :

L Aloidella. Capsule without angles and apophysis. ;
Capsule smooth. Leaves rigid not incurved, gen. aristate.

. IL Pogonatum. Capsule without angles and apophysis,

. geen when unripe, finally blackish or r. brown. Stem us.

hai Apical cell of lamella thick-walled subglobose pa-

: ose,

ES Eu-Polytriehum. Capsule (ripe) with 4—6 angles and

— 158 —

us. distinct apophysis, soon becoming brown. Stem us. simple.
Apical cell of lamelle smooth or unipapillate. Lf
B. Calyptra long-acuminate sparingly hairy. Loe
IV. Polytrichadelphus. Capsule smooth with 2 angles -
apophysis none. Leaves rigid not incurved. Stem branched. —
I. Aloidella C. Mueller syn. FE
A. Leaves incurved when dry; cells of lamelle smooth thin-
walled; costa not exeurrent. Stem us. short simple. Protonema
often persistent. |
à. Upper leaves long narrow subulate, broadly sheathing;
wings of lamina very broad; lamelle about 10.
1.P.pennsylvanieum Hedwig; C. M. syn. — Pogonatum brevi-
eaule Beauvois; Sulliv. icon. musc. E s
Lower leaves short short-acuminate, upper distantly dentate
or crenulate. Capsule subcylindric. Stem very short. — Clayey |
soil by roadsides. Amer. eastern slope. Can.: Macoun; Fowler; .
N. Foundl: Waghorne. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller;
Austin; Olney; Cummings.
b. Leaves broad obtusate not long; lamelle numerous.
2.P.nanum Schreber. — P. subrotundum Hudson; Braithwaite. 2
Leaves subobtuse faintly crenulate above; wings of lamina —
somewhat broader below. Capsule finally short-piriform. Stem
simple not high. — Sandy or clayey soil. Eur. not r. in lower -
regions. Sweden!
3.P.brachyphyllum Richard. — Pogonatum Sulliv. icon. m. -
Differs from the last: Leaves obtuse entire; capsule suboval; —
stem shorter. — Roadsides. Amer. U. S. Austin; Langlois, |
com. Cardot.
4.P.aloides Hedwig. — Pogonatum Beauvois. Eo
Leaves. sharply dentate us. somewhat short, less broad than |
in the both last and gen. longer acuminate; wings of lamina —
narrow. Capsule oblong-piriform or subcylindric. Stem often :
somewhat high r. branched. —. Sandy soil Eur. not r. Swe- -
den, Germany, Switzerl.l d
B. Leaves not incurved but gen. appressed when dry, Us. |
sharply dentate with narrow wings; lamelle numerous, them —
apical cell thick-walled papillose or crenulate. Stem r. simple. :
a. Leaves sharply dentate. Stem us. branched. Bn
5.P.urnigerum L. — Pogonatum Beauvois. i
Leaves acute more or less acuminate, gen. not aristate, often —
somewhat long; apical cell of lamellæ globose. Perichetial
leaves aristate. Capsule subcylindric us, large and not wide-

— 159 —

| mouthed; pedicel thin often very long. — Earth and rocks
also in higher alp. regions. Ewr. common. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl.| Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

6.P.dentatum Menzies; C. M. syn. — Pogonatum Sull. ic. m.

Leaves as in the last but more sharply dentate, the upper
with short reddish or whitish awn by the excurrent costa; api-
cal cell of lamelle truncate crenulate. Capsule small narrow
often wide-mouthed; pedicel not long. Stem not high, some-
times simple. Resembles a small alpine variety of the last.
— In alps and arctic distr. r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
Can. Brit, Col. and Labrador: Macoun. U. S.: Austin; Oakes.

b. Leaves faintly denticulate. Stem often simple.
7.P.eapillare Richard. — Pogonatum Sulliv. ic. m.

Leaves short obtusate subobtuse distantly denticulate; wings
of lamina not prominent; apical cell of lamelle truncate crenu-
late; costa not excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric faintly pa-
pillose, not wide-mouthed. Habit of the last. — Alps and
arctic distr. r. Eur. Russia: Brotherus. Amer. U. 8.: Rudkin,
com. Mrs Britton.
8.P.Wahlenbergii Kindb. rev. bryol. 1894. — »P. capillare
var. minus Wahlenberg fl. lapp.»: Lindb. et Arnell.

Differs from the last in leaves subacute nearly entire; wings
of lamina prominent, very much broader below. Capsule oval
or cylindrie. — Northern alp. distr. r. Eur. »Sweden»: Wahlenb.
(Asia, Sibiria: H. W. Arnell).

IL. Pogonatum Bridel, in part.
= Å. Leaves faleate when moist, patent or spreading when
dry; lamelle about 60. Outer perichetial leaves very much
longer. Pedicel of capsule finally brown. :
9.P.Macounii Kindb. bull. Torr. club 1889.

Leaves very long, bordered by the wings of the strongly
= dentate lamina, long-subulate; awn long rough reddish. Peri-
chetial leaves rough near apex, the inner shorter more acute.
Capsule oblong-cylindric strangulate, larger than in P. alpinum;
lid large conic-subulate, half as long as capsule. Higher and more
robust than allied species. — Rocks and earth princ. in alp.
region r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. to 1850 metr. a. 8.: J. Ma-

ue coun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

= B. Leaves straight or faintly curved when moist, more or
less appressed when dry; lamellee about 30. Perichetial leaves

not longer. Pedicel yellowish,

— 160 —

coun; Palmer. .Can.: J. Macoun. U: S.: Roell — A var. with | Eo

subcylindric capsule is found in Can. Northern Labrador by 5
J. Macoun 1896. :

* P.brevifolium R. Brown.
Leaves very short, appressed when dry. Capsule globose. —

In higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway! Sweden: E. Nyman.
Amer. »Greenl: Vahl»: Lange.

li.P.mierodontium Kindb. in Biblioth. botan. 42 (1897). —

Leaves entire or minutely denticulate only in upper third or
half of lamina, longer-subulate than in P. alpinum; uppermost
leaves very long, suddenly larger and spreading; awn reddish
somewhat long, faintly rough. Perichetial leaves with very
long nearly smooth awn; lamellæ somewhat numerous. Capsule
large thick globose or broad-oval, often oblique; lid short-api-
culate. Stem gen. simple. — Alpine princ. arctic districts f.
Amer. Greenl: Vanhoeffen. Alaska: J. M. Macoun; Palmer.
Can. Brit. Col.: J. M. Macoun:
12.P.Vanhoeffeni Kindb. in Biblioth. botan. 42 (1897). —

Leaves entire or only near apex (scarcely in upper third of
lamina) dentate, not long but long-acuminate, very narrowly.
bordered by lamina, nearly appressed when dry, not much
open when moist; awn short rough red-yellow. Perichetial
leaves much narrower with not few lamellz. Capsule obovate
oblique; lid scarcely shorter than half capsule, Stem us. spa-
ringly divided above, often to 8 c. m. high; pedicel scarcely ;
3 c. m. Tufts brownish, — Amer. r. Greenl.: E. Vanhoeffen.

b. . Leaves bordered by wings of lamina only near apex,
short acute but gen. obtusate, appressed when dry. -
13.P.septemtrionale Swartz; Wahlenberg fl. lappon., not C
M. syn; Kindb. revue bryol. 1894. M

Leaves entire or with very few teeth near apex; awn Very

— 161 —

short or indistinct. Perichetial leaves short-apiculate nearly
without lamelle. Capsule globose or broad-oval; lid short-api-
culate. Stem low simple or very slightly branched. Habit of
P. sexangulare. — Higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway! Amer.
Can: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen.
14.P.polare C. Mueller.
Differs from the last in more distinct and dentate awn of
leaves; capsule oval often oblique; stem divided somewhat high.
— Arctic distr. r. Amer. Greenl: Pansch, com. C. Mueller.
; III. Eu-Polytrichum.
A. Capsule green and not distinctly angled when unripe,
. u$. 6-angled when ripe. Leaves channelled or with inflexed
wings, not appressed when dry; awn red-brown or indistinct;
apical cell of lamina not papillate. Stem simple.
15.P.sexangulare Floerke. — P. septemtrionale C. M. syn.
Leaves short obtusate obtuse entire or at apex with very
few teeth, not rough at back; wings very narrow or indistinct;
lamellee about 30; awn indistinct or very short and red. Cap-
sule suboval finally short prismatic; pedicel yellowish or pale
red not long. Stem not tomentose us. low. Habit of P. alpi-
|. "wm. — On earth in higher alp. region. Eur. less r. Norway!
. Sweden: Indebétou. Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. 8.:
. Roell,
16.P.gracile Dickson; Menzies.
Leaves long subulate-acuminate dentate to the sheath, us.
green; wings broad princ. below; lamelle about 40; awn brownish
not long. Perichetial leaves hyaline-bordered. Capsule round-
oval finally cubic; apophysis sometimes less distinct; lid broad-
conic when young, finally apiculate or rostellate; pedicel long
yellowish or finally reddish. Spores about 0,02 m. m. Stem
| Us. tomentose below, often high. — Turfy soil and rocks also
in alps. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway! Amer. not common.
Can.: Macoun.
B. Capsule 4-angled prismatic soon becoming brown. Leaves
acuminate acute with distinct wings. ;
a. Leaves entire or above with few teeth, channelled or
Convolute; apical cell of lamellæ unipapillate. Perichetial leaves
-hyaline above.
M 17.P juniperinum Willdenow.
aves long long-subulate gen, entire, very patent or curved
. When moist, us. not appressed when dry; lamellae about 50;
. Costa rough above at back; awn long rough wholly red.

= WB

Perichetial leaves entire somewhat long-acuminate, lamellate —
above; awn rough and red. Capsule rectangular-prismatic; pe-
dicel often very long. Stem not much naked and gen. not
tomentose, sometimes branched. — Heaths and woods common
but less often in alps. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Amer.
Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. A

18.P.strietum Banks.

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter with shorter acumen, |
. us. appressed when dry; lamelle about 30. Capsule cubic;
pedicel less long. Stem tomentose us. simple. — Swamps -
princ. in alps not common. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun; —
Waghorne. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen.
19.P.hyperboreum R. Brown.
Leaves short short-acuminate entire, straight and not much
patent when moist, appressed when dry; lamellæ about 30;
costa emooth; awn short faintly rough, often (at least in upper |
leaves) partly whitish, in some leaves wholly red. Perichetial |
leaves entire somewhat long-acuminate; awn whitish above,
nearly smooth. Stem of female plants branched often tomen-
tose. Capsule cubic; pedicel not long. Male plant with shorter
broader leaves, disposed in distant fascicles. Habit of the last.
— Dry and wet places in northern alps. Eur. Norway! Fink: —
Brotherus. Amer. Greenl: Berggren; Vanhoeffen. Can. N. La- —
brador: Macoun 1896. i
20.P.boreale Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw.
Differs from the last: Leaves gen. dentate near apex below

the awn, with longer acumen; costa rough at back; awn longer
always whitish above. Perichetial leaves more distinctly den-
ticulate; awn rough nearly wholly whitish. Stem not tomentose. :
— Dry places in northern alps r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld! .
Amer, Greenl: Berggren; Vanhoeffen. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. 2
Can. Labrador: Waghorne. dea
21.P.piliferum Schreber. ES
Leaves short entire short-acuminate or subobtusate, appressed
when dry; Jamelle about 30; costa smooth; awn long wholly .
whitish nearly smooth. | Perichetial leaves not lamellate. Cap- —
sule short-prismatie or cubic, inclined or suberect, Stem shot —
simple, naked at least in lower half; the foliated part subcla-
vate. — Dry heaths also in alp. regions common. Eur. Swe-
den, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

b. Leaves denticulate not convolute, long and long-subulate,

=- Ils Se

us. plane; lamelle very numerous, their apical cell not papillate;
awn red-brown. Stem and pedicel us. long.
22.P.attenuatum Menzies. — P. formosum Hedwig.

Leaves plane crowded, dentate to a long sheath, us. green; wings
very narrow; apical cell of lamelle suboval. Perichetial leaves
green not or faintly hyaline in lamina; awn rough. Capsule
us. long rectangular-prismatic brown; lid short broad-conie with
short point; pedicel reddish. Spores about 0,01 m. m. Stem
tomentose near base. — Dry woods often in subalp. districts.
Eur. not r. Sweden! Amer. r. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

*P.pallidisetum Funck.

Capsule short-prismatic yellowish; lid nearly flat with narrowly
conic beak; pedicel yellowish or pale red. =- Woods r. Eur.
Sweden, Germany! Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
23.P.ohioénse Renauld et Cardot. — P. decipiens Limpricht.

Differs from P. attenuatum: Upper leaves (near the periche-
tial) with shorter sheath; apical cell of lamelle often transversely
dilated. Capsule shorter, narrowed below; lid with narrowly

. Conic beak. Stem not tomentose, us. less long. — Earth and

rocks in woods. Eur. r. Switzerl! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne. U. S.: Wetherby; Lapham, com. Cardot.
24.P.Behringianum Kindb. rev. bryol. 1894. ied
Differs from P. attenuatum: Leaves laxly disposed, entire
below middle of lamina, faintly denticulate above, nearly chan-
nelled; cells of sheath shorter and broader. Stem not tomen-

. tose. Capsules unknown. — Arctic distr. r. Amer. Alaska:

J. M. Macoun.

25.P.commune L.
Leaves plane crowded, dentate to the sheath, us. rufescent,
often falcate when moist; apical cell of lamellae often emargi-

. mate. Perichetial leaves hyaline, us. serrulate near apex; awn

entire. Capsule long or short; lid short-rostellate with us.
harrow beak. Stem not often tomentose, us. very long. —
Heaths and turf-moors prine. in lower regions, less often in
alps. Eur. common. Sweden! Amer. less common. Can.:
Macoun (a var. with shorter stem and us blackish calyptra).
*P.perigoniale Michaux. ga.

. Leaves not or faintly rough at back, us. green; perichetial
.. fhlire more numerous. Capsule short. Stem and pedicel less
long. — Dry places. Eur. princ. in southern distr. Switzerl.!

— Amer. Can. Macoun.

— 164 —

*P.Swartzii Hartman. ` A
»Leaves short about 5 m. m. Capsule small subcubic with
less distinct apophysis. — Eur. r. Sweden»: Hartman skand.
flora. *
26.P.conorhynchum Kindb. cat. Canad. m. T€
Differs from P. commune: Leaves channelled green, periche-
tial longer aristate. Lid of capsule with broadly conie beak. -
— Bogs in alps r. Amer. Can. Selkirk mts: Macoun. -
IV. Polytrichadelphus Mitten. e
27.P.Lyallii Mitten. — Polytrichadelphus Mitt.; Polytrichum - j
Kindb. revue bryol. 1894; Oligotrichum Lindb.; Sull. ie. muse. ——
Leaves dentate above often to the middle of the prominent —

lamina, not appressed; awn short smooth also in perichetial
leaves; lamelle about 30, their apical cell thick-walled suboval |
smooth. Perichetial leaves subconvolute densely lamellate at
the short point. Capsule subovoid-cylindric strangulate finally ie
brown; peristomial membrane elevate; lid long-rostrate; pedicel -

yellowish. Resembling P. alpinum and P. sexangulare. — Swampy

places in higher alp. region. Amer. Pacif. distr, r. U. S.: Roell;
Nowell. E

Fam. 18. Georgiacee. id
74. Georgia Ehrhart. Te
I. Tetraphis. Leaves distinctly costate; upper cells round-
hexagonal. Peristomial teeth narrow. Stem elongate.
IL Tetrodontium. Leaves not distinctly costate; upper
cells suboval. Peristomial teeth broad. Stem nearly indistinct.
I. Tetraphis Hedwig. Ro
A. Pedicel of capsule smooth.
1.G.pellueida L. — Mnium L.; Georgia Rabenhorst. ENS
Leaves subovate or suboblong, obtusate us. acute. Periche
tial leaves with long sublinear us. obtuse acumen; costa not
excurrent. Capsule and pedicel straight. Sterile stems gem-
miferous at the top, their buds cup-shaped; upper stem leaves
very small. — Rotten logs, sandstone and turfy soil in woods.

Eur. common. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne. U. S.: Roell. :

2.G.euspidata Kindb. revue bryol. 1893. E

Leaves subovate short-acuminate acute. Perichetial leaves
cuspidate by the long-excurrent costa. Capsule gen. curved;
pedicel straight. — Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S: Sullivant and.
Schrader, com. C. Mueller; Miss C. Cummings, com. Roell -

— 165 —

' B. Pedicel rough.
3.G.trachypoda Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves subovate or ovate-oblong, short-acuminate acute. Pe-
richetial leaves with long sublinear acute acumen; costa not.
excurrent. Capsule straight; pedicel straight, rough in upper
part. — Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
4.G.geniculata Girgensohn. -- Tetraphis Girg.; Georgia Lindb.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong long-acuminate acute.
Perichetial leaves ovate-lanceolate with long subulate acumen;
costa not excurrent. Capsule straight; pedicel geniculate very,
. rough above the bend. — Rotten wood r. Amer. princ. in Pacif.
distr. . Can.: Macoun; N. Foundl.: Waghorne. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. U. S.: Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton.

IL. Tetrodontium Schwegrichen.
5.G.Brownii Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Georgia C. M.

Perichetial leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate short-acu-
minate subacute. Capsule suboval straight very small; pedicel
straight smooth. Perigonial leaves subulate-acuminate. Stem
bearing at base shoots and long narrowly cuneate often 2—3-
lobed leaves, resembling branches of a fallow-buck. -— On
Shady rocks princ. of sandstone, sometimes covered by other
mosses, Eur. somewhat r. Norway, Sweden! Amer. r. »U. S.»:
Lesy. et Jam. -

Fam. 19. Fissidentacee.

75. Fissidens Hedwig.

À. Leaves nerveless hyaline narrowly limbate. i
L Aneuron. Pedicel of capsule terminal. Plants minute.
= B. Leaves costate.
= AL Pachyfissidens. Leaves pluristratose not limbate, large
and entire.

HI. Aloma. Leaves unistratose not limbate.

a. Peristomial teeth wholly deflexed when dry.
.1. Camptodontii. Capsule terminal Plants small. Dioe-
. Qus, Leaves in few pairs.

b. Peristomial teeth suberect or inflexed when dry.
aa. Capsule terminal; lid very short conic obtuse.
2. Obtusifolii. Leaves broad-obtuse entire and small.

aa lants small.

- bb. Lid of capsule rostrate or rostellate, gen. long. .
3. Adiantoidei. Capsule gen. not terminal. Leaves serrate

— 166 —

above and denticulate below, r. nearly entire, us. large and
papillose at back. i 6

4. Osmundoidei. Capsule terminal or (in F. taxifolius) —
basilar. Leaves uniformly crenulate all around, gen. notlarge. -
IV. Eu-Fissidens. Leaves unistratose limbate (in F. exiguus
sometimes not limbate), gen. small and entire or at apex faintly —

denticulate. Capsule terminal or (in F, floridanus) lateral; lid — x

gen. rostellate (in F. rufulus very short obtuse).
I. Aneuron Kindb.
1.F.hyalinus Hooker et Wilson; Sulliv. icon. muse.
Leaves entire in few pairs: lower very small, uppermost
suboblong subacute much larger; wings short sinuolate; cells
large round-hexagonal. Capsule ovalobovate or euboblong; lid

as long; teeth deeply cleft; calyptra conic covering only the —

beak. — Moist rocky ledges r. Amer. »U. S. Ohio»: Sullivant.
II. Pachyfissidens C. Mueller.
2.F.grandifrons Bridel.

Leaves rigid sublinear obtuse very densely crowded; cells
roundish; costa not percurrent. Tufts dense high. Dioecious.
Capsules unknown. — Wet calcareous rocks r. Eur. France!
Spain: Levier. Amer. Can.: Macoun. — »The fruiting F. gran-
difrons from Asia» Barnes and Limpricht is F. subgrandifrons
C. Mueller in Bot. Zeit. 1864. j

III. -Aloma Kindb.
1. Camptodontii.
3.F.Closteri Austin; Sulliv. icon. muscor.

Leaves entire short-ovate subacute often with wantinglamina,

very minute and pellucid. Capsule narrow subclavate erect or

inclined; lid rostrate. Calyptra mitriform or cucullate. Plant

minute. — On the ground r. Amer. »U. S: Austin»: Sullivant. |
4.F.paupereulus Howe.

Leaves uniformly crenulate, suboblong or short-lanceolate |

subacute, larger than in the last: cells chlorophyllose pellucid.

Capsule narrow subcylindrie often slightly curved, cernuous. -

Calyptra cucullate. Plants small not or very loosely tufted. —

— Stony ground r. Amer, U. S. California: M. A. Howe.
2. Obtusifolii. ae

5.F.obtusifolius Wilson; Sull. ic, m. — F. Arnoldi Ruthe. 2
Leaves oval-oblong pellucid; costa not percurrent. Capsule
suboval. — Wet sandstone or calcareous rocks r, Amer. U.8-
Henry, com. Cardot. Eur. »Germany»: Limpricht.

— 167 —

3. Adiantoidei.

A. Leaves long sublinear or oblong-lanceolate more or less
pellucid. Capsule large; pedicel long-exserted.

6.F.adiantoides L. — Hypnum L.; Fissidens Hedwig.

Capsule oval-oblong; lid nearly as long; teeth deeply cleft;
pedicel lateral. Leaves strongly serrate above, denticulate below,
often hyaline at margins, us. large; costa subpercurrent. Stems
us. erect and tufted, forming large mats, gen. radiculose below.
— Rocks and earth common. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl. Amer.
Can.: Macoun.

*F.eristatus Wilson. — F. decipiens Notaris; Sulliv. icon.
muse.

Leaves more crowded and not much large, nearly entire be-
low. Stems us. ascending or decumbent, densely tufted. —
On rocks, less often on earth, nearly common. Eur. Sweden,
Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. 8.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
*F.subtaxifolius Kindb. in bull. soc. bot. ital. 1896.
. Leaves minutely serrate above, nearly entire below; costa

pereurrent or subexcurrent. Stems (as in F. taxifolius) short
decumbent without rhizoids above base, not forming cohering
mats. Capsules not found. — On clayey earth. Eur. Switzerl.
near Lugano!

— T.K.errulatus Bridel.

Capsule subcylindric; lid shorter; teeth deeply cleft; pedicel
terminal on the stem or on short lateral branches. Leaves as
in F. adiantoides but more densely erowded, always large. Tufts
. loose not radieulose. R. fruiting. — Earth and rocks r. Eur.
. ltaly: Bottini. Portugal: Levier.
8.F.polyphyllus Wilson.

. Differs from the last: Peristomial teeth cleft only to middle.
. Leaves entire or near apex faintly denticulate or serrate. Stem
Us. much longer. Very r. fruiting. — Wet shady rocks r.
Eur, France: Camus, com. Husnot. Engl: Manchester Cryptog.
Society.
9.F.polypodioides Hedwig: Sulliv. ic. muse.
- Capsule piriform-elavate with very wide mouth, not strangu-
late; lid shorter; teeth deeply cleft; pedicel as in F. serrulatus.
- ves entire large densely crowded; costa subpercurrent. Stem
. often long and simple, radiculose only at base. Differs from
. the 3 preceeding species in annulus of capsule revoluble. R.
. fruiting. — Wet rocks r. Amer. »U. S. southern states»: Sulliv.
. (Venezuela: Fendler, com. C. Mueller).

— 168 —

B. Leaves short suboblong nearly opake below, pellucid |
apex. Capsule small; pedicel scarcely exserted above upper
stem-leaves. Los
10.F.subbasilaris Hedwig; Sullivant ic. muse. 1

Capsule oblong-cylindrie; lid much shorter; teeth not long
and not deeply cleft with subulate not filiform-pointed legs;
pedicel emerging from lower part of stem. Leaves small, den-
tieulate below, stronger serrate near apex, subobtuse, not hya j
line at margins; costa subpercurrent. Tufts low; stems fasci-
culate -— On trees r. Amer. Can.: Dearness, com. Macoun;
Drummond, com. Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.

4. Osmundoidei. Him
- A. Leaves gen. large; costa excurrent. Stems not tufted.
Pedicel of capsule basilar. E
11.F taxifolius L. — Hypnum L.; Fissidens Hedwig. ha
. Leaves suboblong hyaline-crenulate often acute, not densely
crowded. -Capsule suboblong; lid nearly as long. Stems fasci-
culate;. branches simple not long us. decumbent. — On earth.
Eur. not r. Switzerl.! Sweden: S. Hardin; M. Huss. Engl:
Rogers. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. Bhs

B. Leaves not large; costa not excurrent. Pedicel terminal.

a. Tufts tomentose often high. Calyptra mitriform lobate.
12.F.osmundoides Swartz. — Dicranum Sw.; Fissidens Hedwig.

Leaves suboblong subobtuse often apiculate, not opake, in ~
many pairs; costa subpercurrent, Capsule oblong-oval — Wet.
rocks and heaths also in alps. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway!
Amer. Can.: Macoun. uot

b. Stems low not tomentose, not or very loosely tufted.
Calyptra cucullate,
13.F.exilis Hedwig. =

Leaves very pellucid suboblong subacute in few pairs: upper
sometimes sublinear-lanceolate; costa percurrent, Capsule thick
oval-oblong. Monoecious, Plants very small, — On earth.
Eur. not r. Sweden: C. Hartman; Arvén. France: Husnot.
* F.Hallii Austin. jt

»Plants somewhat larger; dioecious. — Amer. r. U. S. Texa
E. Hall»: Lesq. et Jam. 2)
14.F.Ravenelii Sullivant icon. muscor. H3

Leaves small opake sublinear or broad-lanceolate subacute 0
2—10 pairs; costa subpercurrent. Perichetial leaves with broadly
limbate wings. Capsule suboblong gen. erect; lid rostellate much shor
ter. Dioecious. — Damp earth r. Amer. U. S. Langlois, com. Cardot.

— 169 —

15.F.Garberi Lesq. et Jam. man. torti
. Differs froin- the last: Leaves somewhat larger shorter more
obtuse, sometimes short-acuminate; costa shorter. Perichetial
leaves with narrowly limbate wings. Capsule oval. »Sometimes
synoecious»: Schimper. — Trees and earth r. Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun.
16.F.Donnellii Austin. — F. pauperculus Howe ?
. »Leaves small: lower broad, upper longer and narrower linear:
lanceolate in 3—4 pairs; basal lamina incomplete; cells much
larger than in F. Ravenelii; costa not percurrent. Perichetial
leaves with not limbate wings. Capsules unknown; pedicel very
short. Dioecious»: Lesq. et Jam. man. and Barnes bot. gaz.
1887. — Base of trees r. Amer. »U, S., south. st.»; Lesq. et
Jam.
1V. Eu-Fissidens.
A. Inner leaf-cells opake.
a. Lid of capsule very short obtuse.
17.F.rufulus Bryol. eur. — F. ventricosus Sulliv. icon. m.
= Leaves broad somewhat large, oblong or oblong-lanceolate
. subobtuse crowded, broadly yellowish or reddish limbate; costa
. pereurrent. Capsule obovate dark green; teeth deeply cleft;
. pedicel short. Stem 1—4 c. m. long. Very r. fruiting. —
. Stones in streams r. Eur. Engl: Rogers. Austria: Sauter, com.
.. Husnot. Amer. »Calif.»: Sulliv.
= | b. . Lid rostrate.
.. 1&F.limbatus Sullivant. - WA.
— Leaves small oblong-lanceolate apiculate or short-acuminate,
.. pale-limbate entire; cells seriate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule
. asymmetric suboval green; lid half as long; teeth deeply cleft;
. Pedieel terminal. Stem 92-—5 m. m. long. — Amer. Pacif.
Wt. r U.B: Roell; Howe.
. 19.F.floridanus Lesq. et Jam.
. ?Leaves long cultriform crenulate at apex; costa not percur-
Tent. Capsule oblong-oval; lid long-rostrate; pedicel lateral.
Stem 1—3 e. m. long. — Amer. r. U. S. south. states: Garber»:
. et Jam. :
B. Leaves more or less pellucid, not large. Lid shorter
= than half capsule. Plants small.
— QE Leaves with thick. broad limb. Stem us. somewhat long:
— 99.F-rivularis (Spruce as var.) Bryol. eur. dier
. , Meaves broadly cultriform acute or abruptly short-acuminate

j entire. with pale limb; costa percurrent, Capsule straight cer-

— DU —

nuous. Stem to 3 c. m. long; male flowers axillary, — In —

water r. Eur. France: Husnot. Amer. »U. S.: Lesq. et Jam.
21.F.erassipes Wilson. i

Leaves as in the last but with yellowish limb, sometimes
crenulate near apex; costa not percurrent. Capsule :us. straight —

erect. Stem to 4 c. m. long. Dioecious or monoecious with —

not axillary male flowers. — In water r. Eur. Switzerl.! France:
Berthoumieu; Camus.
* F.Mildei Schimper. -— Polygamous. — Eur. r. Switzerl:

Culmann, com. Husnot.

b. Leaves gen. with thin narrow limb, not gradually acu-
minate; costa gen. not excurrent. Stem us. very short.
22.F.bryoides L. — Hypnum L.; Fissidens Hedwig. i

Leaves broadly cultriform acute us. long. Capsule straight
gen. erect. Stem with axillary male flowers. — Earth and
stones not r. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Engl:
Rogers. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond.

* F.eyprius Juratzka.

»Polygamous. — Eur. r. Italy»: Limpricht. j
* F.viridulus Swartz. — Dicranum Sw.; Fissidens Wahlenberg. -
Fruiting stem without male flowers. — Eur. not r. Engl:
Rogers. Sweden: P. Olsson. Amer. Can. common: Macoun. —
23.F.ineurvus Starke.

Leaves us. as in the last. Capsule us. cernuous often curved. —

Stem without axillary male flowers. —- Earth and stones not
r. Eur. France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Langlois,
com. Cardot.
* F.tamarindifolius Don. — Hypnum Don; Fissidens Bridel.
Leaves short subovate-oblong. Capsule nearly straight. —
On earth r. Eur. Italy! Sweden: M. Huss. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
* F.pusillus Wilson. ; : -
Leaves smaller somewhat long. Capsule straight erect. —
Rocks not r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! France: Husnot.
Engl.: Rogers. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
* F.minutulus Sullivant icon. musc. i a
Leaves small narrow suboblong or oblong-lanceolate very ——
narrowly limbate; basal lamina often incomplete: Capsule
straight erect or inclined. Not much distinct from F., incurvus —
* pusillus. — Moist rocks. Amer. Can.: Macoun. Eur. »Engh*:
Braithwaite. o
* F.Bambergeri Schimper; Husnot muscol. gall. p
Leaves somewhat small and not long, often incompletely -

-— 171 —

limbate. — Sandy soil r. Eur. »Austria»: Schimp. syn. Amer?
»U. 8.»: Cardot.
*F.texanus Lesquereux. -ë
»Leaves broader; costa sometimes short-excurrent. Capsule
short-rostrate. — Amer. r. U. S. Texas: Wright»: Lesq. et Jam.
24.F.algarvieus Solms Laubach; Husnot m. gall. OE al
Differs from F. incurvus *pusillus in narrower leaves, the
upper sublinear more acuminate and broadly limbate; cells
sometimes suboval. — Clayey soil r. Eur. France: Corbière,
com. Husnot. ; .
25.F.exiguus Sullivant ic. musc. — F. falcatulus Renauld et
dot. ;
Differs from other species of subg. Eu-Fissidens in leaves gen.
not limbate at least on lamina, Upper leaves oblong-lanceolate.
subacute. Capsule suboval-oblong erect. Plant very small.
Dioecious. — Earth and stones r. Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite.
Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. €. Mueller.
* F.subimmarginatus Philibert; Husnot muscol. gall.
. Leaves with broadly limbate wings. — Eur. »France»: Phi-
libert. . Amer. Can.: Macoun:
€. Leaves gradually acuminate; costa excurrent.
26.F.Sardagn: Venturi revue bryol. 1883.. ;
Leaves in 3—4 pairs: upper narrowly linear-lanceolate lim-
bate by 2—3 rows of linear cells, rigid when dry; basal lamina
incomplete; cells irregular hexagonal larger than in F. incurvus
illus. Capsule erect suboval, when dry cylindric; lid un-
known. Plant minute. — Eur. Sardinia»: Venturi.
76. Conomitrium Montagne.
. lCJulianum Savi. — Fontinalis Savi; Conomitrium Mont. i
Leaves large long sublinear obtuse entire not limbate, in
Many pairs; wings short; cells round-hexagonal; costa abbreviate.
»psule small green piriform wide-mouthed; lid longer; teeth
approached very short sometimes cleft nearly to middle; pedicel
: inal on a small lateral branch, not much longer than cap-
_ Sule; calyptra mitriform. Tufts green very loose. ` Stem often
long. Monoecious but. r. fruiting. — In water viz. in fountains.
ur. somewhat r. Switzerl.! Sweden: Arnell. Germany: Baur.
Italy: Arcangeli. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com.
. V. Mueller.
. 2?4.Hallii Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. icon. m.
. , Differs from the last: Leaves much narrower, setaceous gra-
: y narrowed, in 5—10 pairs; wings shorter; outer basal

— 172 —

cells narrower, short-rectangular in many rows. Capsule oval
oblong on elongate branches, with a not longer lid; pedicel
3—4 times longer; teeth more distant, long subulate not eleft;
calyptra short cucullate. Tufts blackish green when dry. Stem
about 3 centim. long. — Submerged stones and logs r. Amer.
U. S.: Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton. L4

Fam. 20. Splachnacee. qs
11. Splachnum L. a
I. Umbracularia. Apophysis open umbraculiform very large.
Leaves from round-oval base abruptly long-acuminate., | —
If, Ampullaria. Apophysis inflated not open, very much r.
broader than capsule; pedicel reddish. m
HL Pseudo-Haplodon. Neck solid, not much broader or
sometimes a little narrower than capsule; pedicel yellowish. | —
I. Umbracularia C. Mueller. oid
1.8.rubrum Montin. th
Capsule brown; apophysis campanulate purplish red; pedicel |
red. Leaves us. denticulate all around. — On dung in peat
bogs in northern districts r. Eur. Sweden! Amer. Can.: Hay,
com. Macoun. : 22
2.8.Iuteum Montin. [as
Capsule pale brown; apophysis yellow campanulate finally -
plane; pedicel orange. Leaves often nearly entire, — North. —
distr. r. Eur. Sweden! Amer. Alaska: Dawson, com. Macoun.
»Can.:: Drummond»: Macoun. ; d
3.8.melanocaulon (Wahlenberg as. var) Schwegrichen. ;
Capsule and pedicel brownish; apophysis pale yellow soon
becoming plane. — Very r. Eur. »Lapland»: Wahlenb. Amer:
»Can.: Rocky mts»: Macoun and Mitten. ad
IL Ampullaria C. Mueller.
4.S.ampullaceum L, ds
Capsule with piriform reddish yellow finally lilac apophysl$: —
pedicel often very long. Leaves more or less narrow often —
subulate-acuminate; the upper serrate shorter. Sometimes mon-
oecious. — In humid pasturages less r. Eur. Sweden not rJ
France: Du Noday. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. 8
Henderson, com. Cardot, ORA
nevan oque. L. uid
apsule with globose purplish finally blackish red a physis; |
pedicel not much long. eae broad Fic suboval with broad

Short obtuse acumen, r, denticulate; the lower broader. -

— 173 —

Peat-bogs in northern alps r. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Scotl.:
Rogers. Finl.: Lindberg. Amer. »Can.: Drummond»: C. M. »Sitka»:
Lesq. et Jam. »Greenl.»: Berggren.

III. Pseudo-Haplodon Kindb.
6.8.sphericum L. fil. — »S. pedundulatum Hudson»: Lindb.

Capsule with reddish yellow finally blackish (globose, ovoid
or piriform) neck; pedicel often very long, sometimes very short.
Leaves subulate-acuminate gen. oblong sometimes denticulate;
the lower very much smaller. — Princ. in northern alps. Eur.
Norway not r.! Austria: Venturi Amer. Can.: Drummond;
Macoun.

78. Haplodon (R. Brown, Lindb. as subg.) Kindb. n. genus.
1.H.Wormskioldii Hornemann. - Splachnum Horn.

Leaves entire from subovate base abruptly acuminate. Cap-
sule small reddish finally blackish, shorter than the small
suboval neck and scarcely narrower or sometimes broader when
dry; pedicel pale yellow setaceous 1—3 c. m. long. Tufts
high dense. — Northern princ. arctic districts (us. on dead
lemmings) r. Eur. Norway! Spetsbergen: Berggren. Amer. Can.:
Waghorne. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Breutel; Berggren.

79. Tetraplodon Bruch et Schimper.
A. Leaves long narrow gradually subulate-acuminate us.
dentate or denticulate. Pedicel thin not much emerging above
the tufts.
LTangustatus L. fil. — Splachnum:L. fil; Tetraplodon B. 8.
Capsule greenish finally pale brown or yellow, much shorter
neck; pedicel pale setaceous. Leaves gen. denticulate
àbove; costa long-excurrent. Tufts dense often high. — Dung
?nd rotten animals princ. in alps, r: Eur. Norway! Sweden:
M. Huss. Austria: Husnot M. G. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Wag-

e.

2.T.australis Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. ie. m. |
Capsule finally brown scarcely shorter, in dry state broader,
: neck; pedicel brownish capillary. Leaves very narrow
. Sometimes fimbriate, r. nearly entire; costa gen. percurrent, in
Uppermost leaves often excurrent. Tufts low less dense. —

- x. U. S: Austin, com. Mrs Britton. »Can.»: Lesq. et Jam.

B. Leaves broad entire abruptly narrowed. Pedicel subfili-
Tom somewhat thick and exserted above the very compact tufts.
9.Tmmioides L. fil. — Splachnum L. fil; Tetraplodon B. 8.
.. Capsule green-yellow or pale red finally red; neck red-rufous
Muçh longer; pedicel reddish often long. Leaves suboblong;

— 174 —

costa excurreht. — Dung and rotten animals princ. lemmings. -
Eur, Norway not r.| Sweden: M. Huss. Amer. Greenl: Berg-
gren. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can: Macoun; Waghorne. ..

4.T.urceolatus Bridel. — Splachnum Brid.; Tetraplodon B.8..

Capsule brownish not shorter than the blackish neck; pedicel
yellow about 1 c. m. long. Leaves suboval apiculate; costa —
not distinctly confluent with the point. — Alp. region r. Eur.
‘Austria: Schimper; Breidler. Switzerl.: Muehlenbeck, com. Hus-
not. Amer. Can.: Drummond, com. Macoun.

: : 80. Dissodon Greville et Arnott.

A. Leaves distant. Capsule with properistome; pedicel se
taceous very long. Spores about 0,03 m. m. E
1.D.splaehnoides Thunberg. — Weisia Th.; Dissodon Gr. et Arn. —

Leaves sublingulate r. denticulate above. Capsule brown -
roundish finally dilated at mouth, gen. shorter than neck. Tufts -
sometimes high. — Bogs in alps, r: in lower regions, r. Hur. -
Norway! Sweden: Thedenius. Scotl.: Manchester Cryptog. Soe.
Amer. Can.: Macoun. o
^ B. Leaves crowded entire. Capsule without properistome; -
pedicel thickish not long. Spores about 0,04 m. m. -
2.D.Froelichii Hedwig. — Splachnum H.; Dissodon G. et A. —
+ Leaves suboblong. Capsule reddish oval not shorter than -
neck; pedicel about 1,5 c. m. long. — Earth and rocksinalp. —
regions r. Eur. Norway! Switzerl: Schimper; H. Forssell. Amer. -
Greenl: Berggren. Can.: Macoun. qe
3.D.Hornschuchii Greville et Arnott. ao

Leaves suboval. Capsule pale brown suboblong shorter than :
neck; pedicel about 0,5 e. m. long. Stem very short. — Earth -
on alp. rocks r. Eur. Austria: Breidler, com. Warnstorf. Amer.
»U. S.»: Lesq.:et Jam. pum

81. Tayloria Hooker. s

A. Leaves with excurrent costa. Peristomial teeth not cleft.
1.T.Rudolphi Hornschuch. — Eremodon Hsch.; Tayloria Br. eur. -
Leaves sublingulate short-acuminate. Capsule yellowish oblong -
longer than the narrow neck; teeth pale yellow loosely appres-
sed to capsule or erect when dry; lid conic; pedicel thick yello-
wish: Tufts high. — On trees r. Eur. Austria: Schimper; Reuter.
B. Costa of leaves not excurrent. a
a. Peristomial teeth entire appressed to capsule when m
2.T.serrata Hedwig. — Splachnum H.; Tayloria B. S. —
Leaves obovate or suboblong short-acuminate acute. Capsule
suboblong yellowish brown not much thicker than neck when

— 175 —

dry; teeth yellowish brown loosely appressed when dry; lid
convex; pedicel somewhat thick. — In bogs or on base of trees.
Eur. not r. in southern alps. Switzerl.! Austria: Schimper. Amer.
Can. J. Macoun; Moser. Alaska: J.: M. Macoun.

3.T.tenuis Dickson. — Splachnum Dicks. Tayloria Schimper.

Differs from the last: Capsule shorter, brownish, suboval or
finally subglobose and much thicker than neck when dry; teeth
blackish brown strongly appressed when dry; pedicel thinner.
— Turfy soil princ. in northern distr., r. Eur. Norway! Swe-
denl; E. Adlerz; A. Grape. Switzerl: Schimper. Amer. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.

b. Peristomial teeth soon partite, deflexed or patent, very
hygroscopic.
4.T.splachnoides Schleicher. — Hookeria Schl.; Tayloria Hooker.

Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate us. short-acuminate. Cap-
sule us. oblong-cylindric; neck much narrower but. us. not
longer; columella often long-exserted; teeth dark red; lid us.

conic often rostellate; pedicel thin. — Peat-bogs or wet earth
on rocks in alps r. — Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Allen, com.
Macoun.

*T.acuminata (Huebener as var.) Hornschuch.

Leaves long-acuminate. Capsule suboval often shorter than
neck; columella not exserted; lid sometimes convex. — Bogs
in alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond n.
47; Waghorne in herb. C. M.

82. Oedipodium Schwegrichen.
l.0e.Griffithii Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Oedipodium Schw.

Leaves obovate not recurved, often with sinuous borders.
Capsule subglobose orange-brown; lid subconvex; columella not
exserted; neck 1—-2 c. m. long. Stem often with obovate

axillary buds — Crevices of rocks and wet peaty soil in alps
r Eur. Scotl: H. Boswell; T. Rogers. Sweden and Norway:
E. Nyman. Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren.

Fam. 21. Dicranacee.
| 88. Octoblepharum Hedwig.
1.0.albidum Hedwig. i
Leaves patent from short broad base abruptly narrow to
. the slightly channelled linear short-acuminate near apex serrate
. Acumen; outer basal cells rhomboidal hyaline, the others some-
. What dusky subquadrate. Capsule small oval long-rostrate.

— 176 —

Tufts us: Hót high. Monoecious. — On trees in tropical i
striets. Amer. U. S., Florida: Fitzgerald, com. Renauld.
. ` 84. Leueobryum Hampe. ;
A. Leaves thick entire; marginal cells gen. short-rectangular,
the lowest longer.
1.L-glaueum L. — Bryum L.; Leucobryum Schimper. T
Leaves from oval-oblong concave or channelled base gradually
tapering to a longer sublinear channelled or subconvolute acu- -
men, not appressed when dry, patent when moist. Capsule =
oblong-cylindrie often arcuate, more or less distinctly strumose, ——
sulcate when dry. Plants glaucous green or whitish. Dioecious _
r. fruiting. — Wet heaths and woods common. Eur. Sweden,
Switzerl.| Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Wetherby. ds
2.L.minus Sullivant; Beschereile. :

Differs from. the last: Upper leaves very much smaller and.
shorter with broad-oval base and not longer acumen, appressed
when dry. with patent points, suberect when moist. Capsule.
small suboyal. Plants whitish. -- Princ, on rotten wet logs
Ie Amer. U. 8. Fitzgerald, com. Renauld; Langlois and Sawyer,
com. Cardot. Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite. oe -

B. Leaves thin sinuolate; marginal cells long-reetangular. .-
Ade benim .Sullivant. — Campylopus Sull. ic. m.; Leucobryum

indb, were

Leaves from narrowly oblong base tapering to a subulate
near apex sinuolate, channelled. or. convolute acumen, erect-
patent. Stem often with head-like shoots; their leaves small
oval-oblong or linear. Tufts low glaucous or whitish. Cap-
sules unknown. — Decayed logs r. Amer. U. S.: Purpus, com.
Cardot. p

85. Distichium Bruch et Schimper. gs
L.D.capillaceum Swartz. — Mnium Sw.; Distichium B. $. .

Nearly all leaves long-pointed; perichetial also abruptly Hubs
rowed. Capsule reddish subcylindric or oblong gen. erect; teeth —
pale red. Tufts glossy. — Rocks princ. of limestone. Eur.
nearly common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerll Amer. Can.: Ma
coun; Waghorne. *
2.D.inclinatum Ehrhart. — Swartzia E; Distichium B. 8.

Lower leaves with shorter point; periehetial more gradually
acuminate. Capsule suboval finally red-brown, more or less
inclined; teeth red. Tufts less or not glossy. — Rocks prine.
in alp. and northern districts. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerll |
France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. S

= 177
| 86. Aongstroemia Bruch et Schimper. :
LAo.longipes Sommerfelt. — Weisia Somf; Aongstroemia

. Leaves ovate-oblong entire not recurved, very small, appres-
sed when dry: upper acuminate sheathing; costa not percurrent.
Capsule ovoid smooth erect; lid rostellate; teeth red below,

. yellow above, sometimes not cleft; pedicel about 1 c. m., stem

shorter. Tufts loose. Male flowers discoid. Dioecious. —
Earth princ. on old roads in alps r. Eur. Norway! Sweden
below alps: J. Persson. Amer. Can.: Macoun,

- 87. Trematodon Michaux.

I. Eu-Trematodon. Capsule subcylindric; neck long abruptly
narrowed; teeth long with prominent basal tube; pedicel long.
Il. Pseudo-Bruchia. Capsule rourd-oval when ripe; neck
short gradually narrowed; teeth short broad without prominent
tube; pedicel short.

I. . Eu-Trematodon. ;
iÅ. Capsule not much shorter than neck. Leaves entire;
. Costa long-excurrent.
LT.ambiguus Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Trematodon Horn-
$ehüch.

— Leaves from ovate or ovate-oblong not truncate base abruptly
. harrowed to a subulate in upper part by costa filled acumen.
Perichetial leaves gradually acuminate; costa more or less ex-
. Current often denticulate at apex. Peristomial teeth red us.
left. -— Wet sand or peat-bogs princ. in northern distr. Eur.
Sweden not r.l; Miss O. Cron. Norway: W. Baur. Germany:
. Huebner, Amer. r.. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

. 2Tacicularis Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves broadly suboval truncate above, pointed by costa;

Perichetia] nearly similar but larger and longer. Peristomial

_ teeth orange split in middle; basal tube red. — Bogs r. Amer.

. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. aio uo

~ Capsule ‘with twice longer neck. Leaves often denticu

. lite; costa not or scarcely excurrent.

. 3Tlongicollis Michaux. ; ee

.. Leaves narrow gradually subulate; perichetial nearly similar.

. Peristomial teeth pale red often entire. — Moist clay or sandy
oil. Eur. r. Italy: Gendano, com. Husnot (a var. with entire
Jéàves) Amer. not r. in southern distr. U. S.: Sullivant, com.

. €. Mueller.

-— 178 —

: Il. Pseudo-Bruchia Kindb.
4.T.brevicollis Hornschuch, ral

Leaves concave subovate short-acuminate very small, nearly
appressed when dry; costa not or scarcely excurrent. Periche-
tial leaves ovate-oblong more distinctly acuminate. Peristomial _
teeth red entire or faintly perforate. Stem very short. Tufts
small dark green. — Earth and rocks in alp. regions r. Hur.
Norway! Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren. i ;

88. Ditrichum Timm.

A. Leaves sheathing; costa rough at back. A
I. Trichodon. Dioecious. ;
...B. . Leaves not sheathing; costa smooth. Perichetial leaves
not (exc. D. vaginans and D. homomallum) sheathing. a
II. S:lania. Leaves carinate often covered with a glaucous
meal. Monoecious. :
II. Leptotrichum. Leaves not carinate. Often dioecious.

1. Xanthopodia. Pedicel of capsule yellow. Leaves long- —
subulate; costa long-excurrent. Monoecious or paroecious.
. 2. Erythropodia. Pedicel finally red, Leaves often short-
subulate. Dioecious.
I. Trichodon Schimper. ced
1.D.tenuifolium Schrader. — Trichostomum Schrad., Ditri-
chum Lindberg; Trichodon cylindricus Schimper.

Leaves abruptly narrowed to a long subulate-setaceous den- -
ticulate by the long-excurrent costa nearly filled point, curled -
or patent when dry; cells narrow-rectangular. Capsule smooth -
narrow-cylindrie curved when young; teeth red papillose art -
culate; pedicel long: yellowish or pale red. Tufts low not to-
mentose. — Wet sand prine. in alps. Eur. Norway, Sweden, |
Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 4
2.D.oblongum Lindberg. — Trichodon Lindb. in K. W. A. Foer- 3
handl. (Roy. Acad. in Stockholm) 1864; Ditrichum Kindb. . -
i Leaves abruptly narrowed to the entire or indistinctly den-
ticulate not long acumen, which in upper part is filled by the ee
short-excurrent costa, not or faintly flexuous; cells short-rect —
angular at least the upper; pedicel red short; »peristomial
pale brown hyaline smooth indistinctly articulate»: Lindb. l ¢
Tufts dense but not tomentose, about 3 c. m. high when barren,
lower when fertile. — On earth in arctic districts r. Amer.
Greenl.: Berggren. Eur, Spetsbergen; R; Gyllencreutz. —. s
barren speciniens are resembling Ceratodon purpureus, but leaves.
not are revolute; in fertile ones from Spetsbergen few capsules
are evolute (but unripe), their lids very short obtuse. 2

— 179 —

nt ‘Il. Selania Lindberg. "ra
3.D.glaucescens Hedwig. — Trichostomum : Hedw.; Ditrichum
Hampe; Leptotrichum Hampe; Schimper; Selania esesiá Lindb.;
Ditrichum montanum Leiberg bull. Torr. club 1893.

Leaves sublinear or narrowly ovate-lanceolate acute. serrulate
above, patent when dry; cells gen. short-rectangular or quadrate;
costa pereurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric straight sulcate when
dry; teeth purple, remotely nodose above; pedicel yellowish red.
Tufts not high. — Earth on rocks princ. in alps not r. Eur.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi. Amer. Can.: J.
Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl: Vanhoeffen.

III. Leptotrichum Hampe; Schimper.
1. Xanthopodia. :

À. Leaves gradually narrowed from ovate or lanceolate base,
denticulate above.
4.D.pallidum Schreber. — Bryum Schreb.; Ditrichum Hampe.

Leaves often dentieulate to middle; upper cells long linear;
upper basal cells suboblong; costa broad not well-defined. Cap-
sule suboblong; annulus revoluble; lid rostellate; pedicel often
very long. Tufts low and glossy. — Rocks and stone-walls
gen. r. Hur. princ. in southern districts. Switzerl.! Germany:
Herpell. France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. 8. Sawyer,
com. Cardot.
5.D.Sehimperi Lesquereux. — Leptotrichum Lesq.; Sulliv. icon.
. muscor.; Ditrichum Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves longer and nearly entire; costa
narrower. Capsule smaller and less suleate; pedicel less long;
teeth indistinctly articulate; peristomial tube orange more distinct;
spores much larger. — Wet earth and rocks r. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can.: Can. Macoun. U. S.: Bolender, com. Renauld;
Howell, com. Cardot.

*D.flexifolium Renauld et Cardot. — Trichodon Ren. et C.;
-Ditrichum Kindb. .

Leaves less long and more flexuous; upper cells shorter. Tufts
green. Capsules unknown. — Sandy soil r. Amer. Us Sa: 8a-
wyer, com. Cardot. :

» Ditrichum Breidleri Limpricht (plant hybrid ?) — Agrees
With D. pallidum in shape of leaves and in yellow pedicel.
Differs from it: Plants scarcely 4 m. m. bigh, stem 1 m. m.

Capsule oval not striate; lid obtuse subpersistent; teeth short

Small brittle; annulus not distinct; pedicel thick not much ex-
Serted above upper leaves. — On wet earth. Eur. Austria, in

— 180 —

few specimens together with Ditrichum pallidum and Pleuridium —
palustre: Breidler»: Limpricht Laubm. Deutechl. LG
^B. Leaves entire abruptly narrowed from ovate base.
6.D.subulatum Bruch. — Leptotrichum Bruch; Ditrichum Lindb.
Leaves otherwise as in D. pallidum. Capsule smaller, suboval -
faintly suleate; annulus none; pedicel not long. — Clayey places |
on rocks r. Eur. southern districts. France: Philibert. Italy: - :
Bottini; Arcangeli. i5 ee

2. Erythropodia. 5
A. "Tufts very tomentose, us. high and glossy. Leaves
gen. large; alar cells sometimes distinct subquadrate; costa long-
excurrent. o
7.D.flexicaule Schleicher. — Didymodon Schl.: Ditrichum Hampe
Leaves long-subulate often denticulate, not appressed; cells |
irregular gen. narrow: basal shorter often reddish; costa often
broad. Capsule brown. R. fruiting. — Rocks and stony ground, —
common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Austria, fruit: Ven-
turi. Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun. t
* D.densum (Schimper as var. Kindb. m
Leaves shorter and less patent; cells gen. short, upper suboval. —
‘Tufts more dense and less glossy. — Eur. princ. in northern —
districts. Sweden common, often fruiting!; M. Huss. Amer. -
Can.: Macoun. m
B. Tufts not or sparingly radiculose, us. low and not glossy. — —
Leaves gen. not large; alar cells not distinct. ides
a: Leaf-cells gen. narrow, rectangular. de e
: = Perichetial leaves sheathing. Peristome without basal -
ube. oe

5.D.vaginans Sullivant. — Trichostomum Sull. ie. m.; Ditri-
chum Hampe. jail:
Leaves from ovate base gradually short-subulate or acute,
entire or nearly so, appressed when dry, erect when moist;
cells narrow; costa percurrent or short-excurrent ^ Tufts eradi-
culose not glossy, 1 or r. 9 c. m. high. — Earth and wet
rocks r. Eur. Norway: Geheeb, com. €. Mueller. Belgium:
Gravet. France: Lamy, com. Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
9.D.homomallum Hedwig. — Didymodon Hedw.; Ditrichum
Hampe. fae
Leaves (at least on fruiting stem) long subulate gen. entire,
us patent; cells gen. narrow; costa (at least on leaves of fruit
stem) long-excurrent. Tufts us. low. Sterile shoots often
short-subulate with subpercurrent. costa, -— Sandy ground prine.

— 181 —

in subalp. districts. Eur. not r: Sweden, Norway, Germany,
Switzerl| Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. r. Can.: Drummond. U, $.:
Roell. i
*D.zonatum Bridel. — Weisia Brid.; Ditrichum Limpricht.
Leaves acute or short-subulate, appressed when dry, suberect
when moist; costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Tufts dense
but sparingly radiculose, sometimes 3—4 c. m. high. Capsules
unknown. — Rocks in alp. region r. Eur. Germany: Limpricht.
Austria: Breidler. Sweden: E. Nyman. Norway: Kaurin.
bb. Perichetial leaves not sheathing. Peristome with distinct
basal tube.
10.D.tortile Gmelin. — Mnium Gm.; Ditrichum Lindb.
_ Leaves gen. somewhat long-subulate and. not or sparingly
denticulate, sometimes slightly recurved, us. not appressed when
dry; costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Tufts eradiculose. —
Sandy places also in alps. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! France:
Husnot m. gall. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Waghorne,
* D.pusillum Hedwig. — Trichostomum H.; Ditrichum Timm.
Stem lower; leaves shorter and less patent; costa scarcely

. excurrent. — Eur. not r. Sweden: M. Huss. . France: Husnot
. "m. gall. Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun.
*D.nivale C. Mueller. — Leptotrichum €. M.; -Ditrichum
Limpricht.

Leaves appressed when dry, suberect when. moist; costa
fainter, excurrent in upper leaves. Capsule smaller. — Alp.
rocks r. Eur. Austria: Berggren, com. Groenwall.

M. Leaf-cells round-quadrate. ‘Capsules unknown. :
. lLB.elatum Kindb. n. sp. — Leptotrichum flexicaule *brevi-
. folium Kindb. cat. Can. m. io
J Leaves small gen. entire, from short base abruptly tapering
. to the not much longer acute or subulate acumen, appressed
= When dry, patent when moist; costa percurrent. Tufts loose
. -eradieulose not glossy, to 6 c. m. high. — Alp. rocks r. Amer, |
. Van. Rocky mts: Macoun. re
. 12.D.Macounii C. M. et Kindb. — Distichium C. M. et K. 1.
. © Ditrichum Kindb.

.. Leaves small sometimes denticulate at apex, from short base
abruptly tapering to a longer subulate acumen, faintly appressed
‘When dry; costa percurrent. Tufts dense, radiculose below,
358 ocj m. high. — Alp. rocks r, Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: J.

coun, i i o : istos

— 182 —

89. Cynodontium Schimper. iad ;
I. Eu-Cynodontium. Capsule striate; teeth long persistent.
Leaves carinate much recurved.

Il. Oreoweisia. Capsule smooth; teeth short brittle. Leaves

carinate faintly recurved near base.
HL. Pseudo-Philonotis. Leaves concave not recurved. Stem
julaceous. Capsule unknown.

I. Eu-Cynodontium,

A. Leaves strongly mamillose on both sides, broadly acu-
minate gen. obtusate at apex; alar cells indistinct. Capsule
(exc. C. strumulosum) not annulate.

a. Capsule costate; teeth papillose. Leaves long large. [
1.C.gracilescens Schimper syn. — Oncophorus Lindb.; Braith-
waite brit. mossfl. in part. ——

Leaves gen. acute, perichetial with long linear acumen. Cap-
sule oval-oblong or finally cylindric, often inclined or subobli-
que; pedicel straight. -— Rocks princ. in alps r. Eur, Sweden,
Norway, Switzerl! Austria: Venturi. Amer. »Greenl.»: Lange
Greenl. fl. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
2.C.eirratum Hornschuch. — Campylopus Hsch.; Brid.; Cyno-
dontium ‘Kindb ; Oncophorus Lindb $

Leaves gen. obtuse, inner perichetial short-apiculate. Cap-
sule oval with dark red stripes; pedicel arcuate in younger state
when moistened. — Rocks princ. in alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer.
»U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

ib. Capsule small faintly striate; teeth smooth; pedicel short 2
straight. Leaves small short. d
3.C.sehisti Wahlenberg. — Weisia Wng; Cynodontium Lindb.
-< Leaves denticulate gen. acute or short-acuminate, perichetial

.

longer acuminate. Capsule round-oval symmetric; teeth us. not * :
cleft. Habit of Rhabdoweisia. — Rocks in northern districts —

gen. r. Eur. Sweden less r., Norway! Finl.: Brotherus: Amer.
Can.: Waghorne.

MM Wahlenberg. — Dicranum Wng; Cynodontium
Lindb. €
- Leaves denticulate also below middle, very small gen. obtuse; —
perichetial short-acuminate. Capsule oval symmetric very small;
teeth cleft. Tufts very low. — Rocks in northern alps r. Eur.
Norway! »Sweden»: Wahlenb. Amer. »Greenl: Vahl»: Lange.
5.C.strumulosum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. DA FEE
Leaves crenulate above, somewhat longer than in the last:
lower gen. acute, upper obtuse; perichetial somewhat long-

— ied —

acuminate. Capsule oblique subobovate gen. strumose; annulus
distinct; teeth cleft. Stem higher than in the last. — Lime-
stone rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. .

B. Leaves faintly mamillose and subulate-acuminate; alar
cells us. distinct; costa nearly smooth at back. Capsule us.
annulate; teeth cleft.

a. Capsule strumose somewhat large.
6.C.strumiferum Ehrhart. — Dicranum E.; Cynodontium Notaris.
Leaves long denticulate above; perichetial with subulate acu-
men. Capsule suboblong oblique; teeth papillose reddish or
orange; pedicel long. Tufts somewhat high. — On rocks r. on
trees, princ, in northern districts. Eur. Sweden common, Nor-
way, Switzerl.! »Engl. r.»: Braithwaite. Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne.
b. Capsule not strumose gen. not large.
7.C.polyearpum Ehrhart. — Dicranum E.; Cynodontium Schimper.
Leaves more or less denticulate us. long. Capsule us. finally
subeylindric and suleate, less often oblique; teeth as in the
last; pedicel us. not long and often thin, Tufts more or less
radiculose. — Rocks not r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.!
Finl.: Lindberg. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond; Waghorne.
GreenL: Vanhoeffen.
. *C.torquescens Bruch. — Dicranum Bruch; Cynodontium Lim-
pricht; Oncophorus polycarpus *nigricans Kindb. Laubm. Schwed.
|. V. Norw. :
Leaves less long and often nearly smooth, gen. subobtuse
. and faintly denticulate. Capsule erect symmetric faintly striate,
Often small; annulus not revoluble. Tufts often low and blackish
below. Habit of C. Bruntoni. — Rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden,
= Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: A. Schmidt.
*C.fallax Limpricht. ne
"Leaves long acute denticulate also below middle, distinctly
. Mamillose. Capsule erect symmetric faintly striate; annulus
. hot revoluble. Tufts us. green and somewhat high. —. Rocks.
. Eur. Norway! Sweden: E. Jederholm. Amer. r. Can.: Waghorne.
8.C.subalpestre Kindb. cat. Canad. m. ; y
. Differs from C. polycarpum: Leaves smaller nearly pellucid,
. Teflexed only at one border, gen. smooth and entire. Capsule
. Smal| not distinctly annulate; pedicel scarcely 1 c. m. long.
‘Stem eradiculose very short. — Amer. r. Can.: Drummond n.
- 103, com. Macoun. . : eee, ESTE

—- 184 —

IL . Oreoweisia Schimper. ink
A. Leaves long gradually long-subulate, crisped when dry.
9.C.Bruntoni Smith. Dicranum Sm.; Cynodontium Br. eur.-
Leaves recurved near base, distantly denticulate-sinuolate at
acumen; basal cells hyaline not much wider than the others.
Capsule suboblong pale brown; annulus persistent. Tufts yell
wish green us. subpulvinate. Monoecious. — Rocks. Eur. not
r. Sweden, Switzerl.! Corsica: Levier. France: Schimper. .

10.C.robustum Venturi. — Dicranoweisia Vent. revue bryol
1882; Cynodontium Kindb. QE
»Doubly or triply larger than the last. Differs in leaves -
smooth; capsule ovate; tufts 3—4 c. m. high or higher, fuscous
below, yellowish above. — Eur. Portugal»: Venturi. eo
B. Leaves short broad: upper crisped, lower nearly spirally
twisted about stem (as in Anoectangium) when dry. E
11.C.serrulatum Funck. — Weisia Funck; Cynodontium Kindb. _
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong or sublinear, short-acuminate -
subacute, not or (at one side) faintly recurved, strongly mamil-
lose, in upper part densely mamillose-serrulate; upper cells
small dusky, the basal pellucid rectangular; costa subpercurrent,
serrulate at back. Capsule small suboval rostellate; pedicel
short not much exserted’ above the tufts. Monoecious. — Rocks
in alp. region r. Eur. Austria: Breidler. Amer. »U. S. and —
Alaska»: Lesq. et Jam. EF
12.C.obtusatum ^ Kindb. — Oreoweisia Kindb. rev. bryol.
1896; ©. serrulata var. tenuior C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.
Leaves obtuse broader and shorter than in the last, subovate |
not acuminate, strongly recurved below, very mamillose, densely
mamillose-serrulate above; basal cells mostly short, gen. not
pellucid; costa percurrent. Tufts very tomentose to the short
green tops. Capsules and flowers unknown. Differs from the
resembling Dichodontium pellucidum *fagimontanum in smaller
and shorter not sheathing leaves, nearly spirally twisted about
stem, not or (the uppermost) r. crisped. Resembles also Anoee-
tangium. — Damp rocks r. Amer. Can: Macoun. r4
IHI. Pseudo-Philonotis Kindb. Te
13.C.boreale Hagen and Limpricht. — Philonotis fontana VAI.
borealis Hagen; Ph. borealis Limpricht; Cynodontium Ki
Leaves small subovate short-acuminate acute; cells subqua-
drate (or the basal short-rectangular) larger than in other spe
cles and more or less pellucid; costa percurrent serrulate
back. Lower leaves smooth pellucid nearly entire, sometimes

— 185 —

decurrent. Upper leaves densely mamillose-serrulate nearly all
around. Tufts high compact tomentose, green above. — Swamps
in higher alp. region r. Ewr. Norway in Galdhoe 1800 metr.
a. B.: I. Hagen.
: 90. Dichodontium Schimper. |
= Å. Leaves obtuse or subacute at apex: perichetial similar
but more distinctly sheathing. Male plants in separate tufts;
perigonial leaves with percurrent costa.
1.D.pellucidum L. — Bryum L.; Dichodontium Schimp.
- Leaves channelled from suboblong base sublinear or sometimes
ovate-oblong, undulate and scarcely reflexed, us. nearly crowded;
inner basal cells narrow hyaline, the others quadrate; costa per-
current. Capsule oblique inclined; teeth purplish below, orange
above; lid rostellate; pedicel long yellowish or pale red. Tufts

k or brown green. Dioecious. Leaves very variable in size.
— Wet rocks not uncommon. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Engl.:
Holt. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. Alaska: J. M.

un.

*D.fagimontanum (Bridel as var.) Kindb. as subsp.

Leaves small subovate-oblong nearly entire: perichetial longer

. acuminate. Capsule smaller; pedicel short reddish. — Rocks
_ % Eur, Switzerl.! Engl: Rogers; Cunliffe. Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Jrummond.

2].flavescens Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Dichodontium Lindb.
. Differs from the last: Leaves longer and more serrate, less
. Mamillose, distant. Capsule subsymmetric or symmetric, not
9r faintly inclined; teeth orange. Tufts not or sparingly radi-
. Culose, bright green or green. Very r. fruiting. — Wet often
. Submerged rocks r. Eur. Norway fruiting, Germany! Sweden
. fmit: P. Olsson. France fruit: Lamy, com. Husnot. Amer.
Can, fruit: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun; eT.
ť A Leaves acute at apex; the perichetial much different.
Male plants mixed with fertile; perigonial leaves with -not per-
. fürrent costa. »
9.D.subflaveseens Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 59. i
"Leaves channelled from suboblong base tapering to an atte-
. Ruate acumen, serrate often: to below middle, long distant nearly
. Bmooth; cells and costa as in the last. Capsule symmetric
. 8,&et; teeth dark purplish; pedicel long pale red. .Perichetial
. leaves narrower than the others, long-acuminate and gen. subu»
tate, in upper part of acumen nearly filled. by the percurrent
or excurrent costa. Perigonial leaves large. nn

LA

— 186 —

Leaves of male plants sometimes obtuse. Tufts very tomen-
tose to the green tops, often high. — Wet rocks r. Amer,
Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell; Henderson, com. Gardot.

» Dichodontium olympicum Renauld et Cardot (ined. Leaves very
papillose, minutely denticulate nearly all around; capsule strumose. —
— U. S. Wash: Henderson»: Cardot in Musci Amer. sept. — Speci-
mens not seen.

91. Dicranum Hedwig.

A. Capsule straight (in D. hyperboreum faintly oblique) no
strumose. Leaves not undulate; cells gen. not porose.

a. Monoecious. Leaves entire us. small. Pedicel of cap-
sule not long. Stem gen. without rhizoids above base.
I. Aretoa. Leaves channelled; alar cells us. distinct; costa
narrow more or less excurrent. Capsule not large; teeth often
spreading when dry; pedicel sbort-emergent.
II. Metzleria. Leaves convolute above; alar cells not well-
defined; costa very broad long-excurrent. Capsule small; teeth
not spreading; pedicel exserted. Plants small. .

b. Dioecious. Leaves sometimes dentieulate us. large. Pe-
dicel of capsule long. Stem radiculose also above base. pt

aa. Leaves with narrow or not very broad costa; alar cells —
persistent. A
HI. Orthodieranum. Leaves channelled or convoltite above; d
upper cells subquadrate. Pedicel of capsule straight; peristomial
teeth cleft. Tufts us. green. 3

bb. Leaves with very broad long-excurrent costa. wore
IV. Paraleucobryum. Leaves subconvolute above, persistent; —
alar cells persistent us. brown, the others few short-rectangular;
costa thick formed by 3 layers as in Leucobryum glaucum, middle —
layer consisting by small green cells. Pedicel of capsule straight; —
teeth often partite. "Tufts whitish green. Calyptra very long. —
V. Pseudo-Campylopus. Leaves channelled persistent; alar —
cells persistent brown, the others numerous rectangular; E
not thick. Pedicel of capsule straight; teeth cleft. Tuftsgreen
or brownish. -—
VI. Dicranodontium. Leaves channelled soon deciduous; alar de
cells fugitive pale, the others numerous rectangular; costa mob —
thick. Pedicel of capsule arcuate; teeth often partite. Tufts —
green or brownish. é

B. Capsule curved or oblique sometimes strumose. Leaves
often undulate when dry; cells often porose. xe
VIL Eu-Dieranum. Peristomial teeth cleft. Leaves with
narrow or not much broad costa. E.

— 187 —

. &. Monoecious. Stem gen. without rhizoids above base.
Leaves not undulate. Capsule often strumose.

1. Faleatiformia. Leaves channelled not large, flexuous or fal-
cate; costa us. long-excurrent. Capsule not large. Plants not robust.

2. Molliformia. Leaves large convolute above, nearly straight;
costa not or slightly excurrent. Capsule large. Plants robust.
< b. Dioecious. Stem us. tomentose. Leaves sometimes un-
dulate. Capsule not strumose.

aa. Leaves carinate above.

3. Carinatifolia. Leaves gen. broad at base, often undu-
late; costa subpercurrent.

bb. Leaves channelled at least below, not carinate above.

4. Scopariiformia. Leaves not distinctly convolute above,
broad at base, not long-subulate, sometimes undulate; costa r.
excurrent.

5. Fuscescentiformia. Leaves not distinctly convolute,
narrow gen. long-subulate, not undulate; costa often excurrent.

6. Convolutifolia. Leaves convolute above, not undulate,
broad or narrow; costa not r. excurrent.

I. Arctoa Bruch et Schimper.

1.D.falvellum Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Dicranum Smith.

Leaves us. flexuous or falcate, sometimes nearly straight;
alar cells not. well-defined, the others gen. long; costa often denti-
culate above. Capsule small straight strangulate not or faintly
striate; teeth spreading when dry. Tufts us. yellowish. — Rocks
In alp. region r. Eur. Norway! Spetsbergen: Berggren. Sweden,
in Lapland (a var. with green shorter leaves and less emergent
Capsule: » D. Anderssonii» Wichura): E. Nyman. Amer. U. S.: Roell.
2.D.hyperboreum Gunner.

Leaves flexuous or nearly straight, larger than in the last:
alar cells well-defined; uppermost cells short; costa not or indi-
stinctly denticulate. Capsule somewhat oblique sulcate wide-

. mouthed not constricted, larger than in the last; teeth erect.

| fts blackish or brown when dry. — Fissures of rocks in

. Borthern alp. regions r. Eur. Norway! »Sweden»: Lindberg.
Amer. Greenl.: Berggren.

II. Metzleria Schimper, as genus.

. &B.alpinum Schimper. — Metzleria Sch.; Dicranum Kindb.
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong somewhat flexuous; cells rect-
. angular: outer basal narrower; costa smooth. Capsule oblong-
. Oval not sulcate; calyptra long. Tufts pale brown. Resembling
. 4 small D. albicans or a Dicranella. — Rocks in alp. region

e MEE

r. Eur. Austria: Breidler, com. Warnstorf. Norway: Kaalaas, |
com. E. Nyman. d
III. Orthodicranum C. Mueller. ok
A. Leaves brittle and channelled. (5589
. a. Leaves not subulate-acuminate; costa long-excurrent.
4.D.fulvum Hooker. 209
Leaves denticulate above, crisped when dry; cells gen. short; |
costa somewhat broad Capsule striate. Tufts us. brown-yellow.
R. fruiting. — Rocks princ. of sandstone in woods in lower
regions. Eur. princ. in southern distr. not r. Switzerl. France: Jena
Husnot. Sweden: Berggren. Norway: E. Nyman. Amer. not ——
`r. Can.: Macoun. MS
5.D.viride Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Campylopus- Sull. et
Lesq.; Dicranum Bruch et Sch.; D. subfulvum: Ren. et Card. ?
Leaves entire or r. near apex denticulate, us. not crisped or —
sometimes nearly straight; cells short or the lowest long; costa. Ds
gen. less broad. Tufts us. green. Very r. fruiting. »Capsule not —
striate»: Schimper. — Us. on trees r, on rocks. Eur. r. Switzer| —
France: Husnot. Sweden: P. Larsson. Norway: Bryhn. Amer,
Can. eastern districts; Macoun; Moser. i.
6.D.strietum Schleicher. Hen
Leaves entire nearly straight; lower (inner) cells long, the -
uppermost short-rectangular; costa narrow. Capsule not striate.
Tufts pale or yellowish green. R. fruit. in Europe. — Trees
or decayed trunks. Eur, r. Sweden 1852! Austria: Breidler, com.
Warnstorf. Amer. less r. prine. in Pacif, distr. Can. J. Macoun
(fruit.). Alaska; J. M. Macoun, ba
b. Leaves long-subulate; costa short-excurrent or percurrent. -
7.D.subulitolium Kindb. bull. Torr, club XVII. ugs
Leaves entire, flexuous when dry; cells as in the last; costa -
narrow. Tufte.pale green. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Ow
Vane, isl: Macoun. d
B. Leaves gen. not brittle, us. crisped when dry; lower.
cells gen. long; costa narrow. pir
a. Leaves short-subulate, denticulate to below middle, rough |

at back, channelled.
8.D.montanum Hedwig. ded

Leaves with not excurrent costa, Tufts very dense us. green
often low. — Decayed trunks, Eur. common. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl.| Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. nei

b. Leaves long-subulate, nearly entire, not rough at. back,
us. convolute above, _ | i Heme:

— 189 —

9.D.flagellare Hedwig.

Costa of leaves denticulate at back, not excurrent. Stem
often with flagelle (short brittle branchlets). Tufts us. pale
brown sometimes green. — Decayed trunks not r. Eur. Nor-
way! Sweden: S. O. Lindberg; R. Hartman; S. Hardin. Amer.
Can: Drummond; Macoun; Dearness. U. S.: Roell; Green:
10.D.Seottii Turner..

Costa of leaves smooth excurrent. Stem not flagelliferous.
Tufts us. brown often high. — Rocks prine. near Atlantic sea
r. Eur. France: Le Jolis. Scotl.: Cash. Irel.: Holt. Denmark:
Jensen.

€. Leaves acute or short-subulate nearly entire, not rough
at back. Capsules unknown.
11.D.miquelonense Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves short often subconvolute above, appressed when dry,
the uppermost gen. obtusate; nearly all cells short; costa nar-
row, gen. not excurrent. Stem 2—3 c. m. high. — Rocks r.
Amer. Miquelon isl: Delamare, com. Cardot.
12.D.erispatulum (Roell as var, in Hedwigia 1897 p. 42)
Kindberg n. sp.

Differs from the last: Leaves not or slightly involute above,
crisped or flexuous when dry; lower cells short-rectangular or
longer. Stem about 1 c. m. high. — Amer. r. U. S. New
Jersey: J. Roell.

IV. Paraleucobryum Lindberg.
. 13.D.albieans Br. eur. — D. enerve Thedenius (older name); |
Campylopus Hallii Lesq. and C. frigidus Lesq. ?

Leaves ovate-oblong acute not much shorter than the excur-
Tent part of costa, entire or r. faintly denticulate near apex,
Straight and appressed or sometimes falcate, rigid but not
brittle; alar cells dilated brown nearly reaching to costa. Cap-
sule smooth erect not large. Stem tomentose, high when sterile,
low : when fruiting; such specimens are resembling D. alpinum
Or a small Campylopus. Very r. fruit. — Alp. rocks r. Switzerl.
fruiting! Norway! Amer. Can. Brit. Col. fruit.: Macoun.
V. Pseudo-Campylopus Kindb.

A. Lamina of leaves not or scarcely shorter than the ex-
. Current part of costa; alar cells not reaching to costa. Leaves
. Ben. not rigid; costa gen. not occupying more than the halt
: pede at base.

14.D.longifolium Ehrhart. - To :

. Leaves soft nearly . entire or faintly denticulate, gradually

— 190 —

acuminate; excurrent part of costa more or less serrulate, Peri-

chetial leaves subconvolute abruptly apiculate. Capsule some-
what large; pedicel us. long. Tufts sparingly radiculose us,
green or brown-green. Not r. fruiting. — Rocks and stumps. —
Eur. common. Sweden etc.! Amer. not common. Can.: Macoun;
Drummond.

* D.Sauteri Schimper.

Leaves gen. entire; costa occupying about '/, of leaf-base, -

nearly entire; inner basal cells more numerous. Perichetial
leaves long-subulate. Tufts dense not sparingly radiculose. —
Rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl! Austria: C. E. Kindberg.

* D.paehytrichum Kindb. cat. Can. m. (as var.)

Leaves entire brittle; costa occupying about t/a of leaf-base,
faintly serrulate above; inner basal cells numerous. Perichetial
leaves exserted convolute short-acuminate. Pedicel of capsule
about 1 centim. long. Tufts brown when dry; stem wholly -
tomentose. — Alp. rocks r. Amer. Brit. Col, Selkirk mts 1300 —
metr. a. sea: Macoun. ;

B. Lamina of leaves much shorter than the excurrent part
of costa; alar cells reaching to it. Leaves rigid; costa very
broad at base. Tufts us. tomentose.
15.D.paehyneuron Molendo. — Campylopus M.; Dicranum Kindb.

Leaves falcate not brittle; awn subulate serrulate. Capsules x

unknown. Tufts compact very tomentose. — Alp. rocks I.
Eur. Switzerl.!

16.D.serratum Kindb. (in litt. ad Limpricht 1887). ;
' Leaves brittle more or less curved; awn strongly serrate, its

upper part sublinear. Capsule as in D. longifolium. Tufts d
more or less radiculose us. green. — Rocks r. Eur. Norway

Dovrefjeld ete.| Sweden Dalsland near Rostock!; Uddewalla: P. .
Larsson. Germany: Roell, a
VI. Dicranodontium Bruch et Schimper. ue
17.D.longirostre Weber et Mohr. — Didymodon W. M.; m".
cranum Kindb.; Didymodon denudatus Lindb.; Dicranodontium ——
virginieum Britton. y
Stem not brittle. Leaves brittle at base and easily deciduous,
gradually tapering to a long-subulate in upper part faintly se
rulate acumen, flexuous or falcate; lower cells (above the alar) i
gradually narrower from costa to border. Tufts us. yellowish —
or green. Not r. fruiting. — Rocks, earth and decayed trunks.

Eur. hot r. Spain, Switzerl, Sweden! Norway: R. Hartman.
Austria: Breidler, Amer. r. Can.: Moser,

— 191 —

18.D.asperulum Mitten. — D. virginicum Austin; Dicranodon-
tium aristatum Schimper; D. Millspaughi Britton.

Leaves and stem brittle. Leaves narrower than in the last,
less gradually tapering to the also in lower part serrulate acu-
men, less flexuous or nearly straight when dry; lower cells
(above the alar) dilated nearly uniform. Tufts us. pale brown,
very soft and silky-like. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks r. Eur.
Austria: A. Schmidt. Norway: Wulfsberg, com. P. Olsson. Amer.
U. S.: com. Cardot.

VII. Eu-Dicranum.
1. Falcatiformia.

A. Capsule suleate when dry.
19.D.Starkei Weber et Mohr. — Oncophorus suecicus Arnell
et Jensen.

Leaves flexuous; alar cells well-defined; uppermost cells short,
the others long or short. Capsule sometimes suberect and less
distinctly strumose. Perichetial leaves subovate us. long-aristate.
Tufts us. green. — Rocks princ. in alps not r. Eur. Norway,
Spain, Switzerl.! Sweden: R. Hartman; Arnell. France: Boulay,
com. Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

B. Capsule not sulcate.

a. Leaves distinctly falcate also when dry.
20.D.faleatum Hedwig.

Alar leaf-cells not well-defined; other cells gen. long, the
uppermost short-rectangular. Perichetial leaves subovate often
long-aristate. Tufts often blackish. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Nor-
way, Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Scotl.: Rogers. Amer. »U.S.»:
Lesq. et Jam.

_. b. Leaves flexuous not falcate. :
21 D.schisti Gunner. — Bryum Gunn.; Dicranum Lindberg;
D. Blyttii Schimper.

Leaves entire; alar leaf-cells well-defined, the others short at
least the uppermost. Capsule distinctly necked or strumose,
Perichetial leaves oblong short-aristate. Tufts us. blackish
below. — Rocks princ. in alps and northern districts. Eur.
not r. Sweden (also below alps), Norway! Scotl.: Rogers. Spets-
bergen: Berggren. Portugal: Levier. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
. Greenl: Berggren. :
22.D.pumilum Sauter. — Aongstroemia Sauteri C. M.

Leaves sometimes slightly denticulate; cells gen. short, the
alar not much distinct; costa sometimes percurrent. Pedicel of

the indistinctly necked capsule short. Perichetial leaves long-

— 192 —

aristate. Tufts blackish about 0,5 e. m. high or lower. Much
smaller than the last. — Hur. »Austria: Sauter»; C. M. Amer.
Can. Labrador: Waghorne. U. S.: Roell. io des
2. Molliformia.
23.D.molle Wilson. — D. arcticum Schimper. : OM
Leaf-cells long except the well-defined alar. Capsule not
sulcate; pedicel- often long. ~ Perichetial leaves long-aristate.
Tufts dark or yellowish brown. Habit of D. spadiceum. sR.
fruiting. — Wet earth often near rivulets, in higher northern -
alp. region, r. Eur, Norway! Sweden: C. Indebetou. Scotl: Lc
Rogers. Spetsbergen: Berggren, com. A. G. Nathorst. Amer. —
Alaska: Palmer; J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren: k-
[oer 3. Carinatifolia. id
A. Costa of leaves strongly serrate at back. Upper leaf-
cells often long. Em
à. Capsules sulcate us. clustered 3—4 together. Leaves de- :
current more or less distinctly undulate when dry. 2i
24.D.undulatum Ehrhart. AE
Leaves very distinctly undulate also when moist, strongly
serrate above middle, recurved at one side near base, us. long-
subulate, often nearly straight and spreading when dry; angu-
lar cells diversiform, the alàr brown dilated; other cells long
and porose; costa with serrate ridges at back. Inner periche-
tial leaves nerveless. Tufts green, — On ground in woods —
Eur. gen. common (in Great Britain r.) Sweden, Switzerll
Amer. common. Can.: Macoun. mor.
* D.ontariense Kindb. n. subsp. ju
Leaves less spreading, not recurved, strongly serrate only in
upper part of acumen. Capsule solitary. — Amer. Can. r.
Macoun. =
25.D.Drummondii C. Mueller. :
Leaves tapering to à long sublinear in upper part serrate
acumen, not recurved, flexuous or crisped when dry, often 1n-
distinctly undulate; cells very chlorophyllose not porose: lower
angular. yellow, alar uniform dilated us. hyaline, other lower
basal long, the others short irregular but the apical often long.
Tufts green or yellowish. — Damp: woods and peat-bogs. Amer.
not r. Can.: Macoun; Roell. pois

b. Capsules solitary r, in pairs. Leaves not decurrent

undulate.
26.D.canadense Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVIIL qid
Leaves narrowed to a long subulate in upper half strongly.

— 198 —

serrate acumen, us. nearly straight, often brittle, sometimes
eonvolute below; alar cells dilated yellow, inner basal hyaline
narrower, other cells long. Perichetial leaves acuminate costate
long-aristate. Capsule sulcate us. solitary. Tufts dark green.
— Earth in woods. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S:
Roell:

27.D.consobrinum Renauld et Cardot.

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, perichetial short-aristate
often emarginate; capsules smooth often in pairs, — Amer. r.
U. 8: Henry, com. Cardot.
28.D.scopariiforme Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Leaves broadly acuminate or short-subulate, strongly serrate
in upper part of acumen, not brittle, often curved r. undulate;
alar cells brown dilated, the others gen. oblong-oval or narrower,
r. porose; costa with serrate ridges at back. Inner perichetial
leaves nerveless, emarginate or crenulate above. Capsule smooth.
Tufts green. — Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. U. S. Mi-
chigan: Purpus, com. Roell.
29.D.eamptophyllum Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves tapering to a long subulate in upper half strongly
Serrate acumen, falcate and not crisped when dry; cells not
porose: those. of acumen subquadrate, the alar yellow dilated
subrectangular reaching to costa; other basal cells long. Peri-
. €hetial leaves obtusate or abruptly tapering to a gen. longer,
= harrow-subulate or subfiliform awn with long-excurrent costa.
. Capsule solitary not sulcate. Tufts green above. — Amer. r.
Can. Northern Labrador: Macoun 1896.

— «B. Costa of leaves faintly rough at back. Upper leaf-cells

. Ben. short. Capsule solitary sulcate. i

= Aa, Leaves not brittle, gen. broad at base; angular cells di-
versiform: alar dilated brown persistent, inner basal narrow.
apsule long- pedicellate.

30.D.Bergeri Blandow. — D. Schraderi Weber et Mohr,

Leaves us. tapering to a long broadly sublinear in upper
part serrulate often obtuse acumen, often undulate and flexuous;
Upper cells skort; costa not percurrent. Perichetial leaves often
?marginate and short-aristate. Tufts us. brown-green. —. Peat-
= and swamps gen. common. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Amer.
Mens Macoun. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen.
. "Mrupineola Kindb. n. subsp.

t cons subulate-acuminate; costa percurrent, serrulate at back.

— 194 —

Perichetial leaves long-aristate not emarginate. — Rocks r. Amer.
Can, Rocky mts: Macoun. "dn
* D.rigidum Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw.
Leaves acute short-acuminate rigid not undulate, nearly ap-
pressed when dry; costa subpercurrent. Tufts nearly eradicu-
lose, pale or whitish green when dry. Capsules unknown. —
In bogs r. Eur. Sweden near Strcemstad: P. Olsson. m
31.D.pallidum Bruch et Schimper.— D. sabuletorum Renauld
et Cardot. FA
Differs from D. Bergeri: Leaves gradually acuminate acute —
short-subulate, often crisped when dry; cells sometimes suboblong; E
costa pereurrent or subexcurrent. — Sandy soil r. Amer. Can: ——
Waghorne. U. S.: Sull. et Lesq. exsicc., com. Cardot; Sawyer -
and Green, com. Cardot. x
b. Leaves brittle and narrow; angular celle uniform dilated —
fugitive faintly yellowish; other basal cells long hyaline. Cap
sule short-pedicellate.
32.D.leueobasis C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. |
Leaves tapering to a very long narrow nearly wholly spinu-
lose-serrulate acute acumen, faintly undulate and crisped when a
dry; middle cells o$ lamina gen. short. Capsule not large. —
Resembles somewhat D. fuscescens in habit. — Base of trees -
in woods r. Amer, Pacif. distr. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. S:
Roell. EE

4. Scopariiformia. s

A. Leaves rough or denticulate at back of lamina, us. er
sped and often undulate when dry; costa sometimes excurrent. —
33.D.elatum Lindberg. — D. robustum Blytt (the invento. —
Leaves long, tapering to a long spinulose-serrulate brittle Ss
acumen, dentate at back; acumen with narrow-subulate often —
circinnate point; cells of angles diversiform, the inner narrow; -
other cells of lower part long, the upper short irregular; costa
very rough at back near apex, often excurrent. Capsules clu-
stered 3—-4 not striate when wholly ripe. Plants yellowish
green very robust ue. high. — Bogs and humid woods r. Bur.
Norway! Sweden!; Lindberg. oe
34.D.spurium Hedwig. vé
Leaves gen. not long, ovate-lanceolate acute or from subovate
base abruptly acuminate, subpapillose at back, very faintly
serrate at the us. short acumen: cells as in the last; costà
abbreviate or subpercurrent, faintly rough at back. Capswe
solitary striate. Tufts yellowish green not high. — Dry heaths.

— 195 —

and woods on sandy soil, r. on rocks. Eur. not r, common in
northern distr. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can. not r.:
Macoun; Waghorne.

B. Leaves smooth at back of lamina, not crisped; costa not
excurrent.

à. Leaves not undulate gen. short.
35.D.braehyeaulon Kindb. cat. Can. m. — D. plano-alare C.
M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate acute, entire
or near apex indistinctly denticulate, sometimes nearly appressed
when dry, smaller than in the last; cells gen. short also near
base; costa smooth at back. Tufts low green. — Dry rocks
or earth r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
36.D.stenodictyon Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI. — Monocra-
num Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves narrowed below, from oblong base short-acuminate
obtuse, very short, crenulate (not serrate) above middle, appressed
when dry; cells thick-walled not porose; the outer alar brown,
the inner hyaline; other cells lanceolate or the upper oblong,
the apical sometimes oval; costa very narrow, serrulate above
at back. Capsules unknown. Tufts blackish when dry with
straw-yellow tops, nearly eradiculose. Habit of Calliergon sar-
mentosum. — Earth in woods r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
— In the resembling Monocranum dicranoides C. M. (from Chile,
com. C. M.) leaves are long-acuminate, peristomial teeth entire,
not cleft.

b. Leaves long gen. broadly acuminate or short-subulate,
Sometimes undulate.

aa. Leaves distinctly decurrent; cells not porose, those of
decurrent part narrow; costa smooth at back. Tufts nearly
Without rhizoids. Capsules unknown.
37.D.leioneuron Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Leaves gen. quite entire, sometimes subobtuse at apex, con-
volute in middle, suberect when dry, not undulate; angular
Cells diversiform, the inner pellucid sometimes pale yellow;
other cells long narrow; costa very narrow. Tufts yellowish.
— Swampy woods r. Amer. Can. Anticosti: Macoun.

. bh. Leaves gen. not distinctly decurrent; cells us. porose;
Costa more or less denticulate at back. Inner perichetial leaves
longer than the awn. Pedicels long solitary or r. in pairs.
. Tufts radiculose. k

. 38.D.seoparium L. — Bryum L.; Dicranum Hedwig.

— 196 —

Leaves faintly serrulate in upper part of acumen, moré c
less curved and’ patent but not spreading when dry, r. undu-
late; angular cells diversiform, the alar brown more dilated,
the inner pale yellow or less often hyaline; other cells gen.
long, the uppermost sometimes suboblong; costa us. with
serrate ridges at back néar apex. Perichetial leaves not lon;
aristate. Capsule not sulcate. Tufts us. green, sometimes
blackish. — Dry places common, less often in bogs and some
what r. in alp. regions Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer,
Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. U. 8.
Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Roell.
* D.involutum Kindb. n. subsp. » as
Leaves faleate not or sparingly porose, very concave, subcon
volute in middle, very chlorophyllose, sometimes undulate; cells
gen. oblong-oval. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. Can. Vane
isl: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. VERE
39.D.Bonjeani Notaris. — D. palustre Br. eur.
Leaves nearly entire, spreading and undulate when dry, often
nearly straight; cells as in D. scoparium; costa nearly smooth -
without ridges at back, us. not percurrent. Perichetial leaves
short-aristate. Capsule sulcate. Tufts us. yellowish. — Dogs
Eur. not common. Sweden (common), Norway! Amer. r. Cans

Macoun. :
40.D.undulifolium C. M. et Kindb. 1. c, a
Leaves nearly entire, often obtuse at apex, nearly appressed
and slightly undulate when dry; cells as in the last; costa m
lamellate but denticulate at back near apex. Tufts gold
glossy, sparingly radiculose. Capsules unknown. — In alps t
Amer. Can. Rocky mts 2500 metr. a. s: Macoun; Vane
Roell. .U. S.: Roell. és
41.D.angustum Lindberg; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1896.
_ Leaves entire not undulate, narrower and less spreading th
in D. Bonjeani, often nearly straight and suberect; cells a8
the same species but gen. not porose; costa pereurrent, nea
smooth without ridges at back. Capsule sulcate. Tufts )
wish green. — Bogs r. Ewr. northern. districts. Norway!
Brotherus. «Sweden prine. in Lapland: E. Nyman. uw
42.D.Roellii Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 60. — D. Bonje
var. Roellii Barnes, :
Differs . from D. Bonjeani in leaves neither spreading
undulate and their costa sometimes bilamellate. — More £
to D. scoparium; differs from’ it in leaves faintly orenulate

-— 197 —

acumen, their upper cells suboblong, less porose; costa more
abbreviate, nearly smooth at back. — Amer. Pacif. distr. re
Can. Vane. isl.: J. Roell.

Var. Schlotthaueri Barnes.

Leaves shorter, broadér-acuminate, their upper cells gen. sub»
Oval costa not bilamellate. Habit of D. brachycaulon. —
Amer. r. U. S Yellowstone Park 2100 metr. a. &: Roell.
43.D.subpalustre C. M. et Kindb. |, c.

Leaves serrulate in the greater part of the somewhat long
narrow (sometimes brittle) acumen, very concave below, sub-
convolute at base of acumen, sometimes short-decurrent, not
spreading, sometimes undulate when dry; cells as in D. scopa-
rium; costa percurrent, serrulate in upper part but not lamellate.
Perichetial leaves long-aristate. Capsule nearly smooth or finally
sulcate. Tufts often yellowish. — Bogs r. Amer. Can.: J. and
J. M. Macoun. U. $S.: Roell. Eur. Sweden in Lapland: E.
Nyman. : :
44.D.hyalinum Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896, p. 61.

Leaves faintly dentieulate near apex, narrower and somewhat
long-acuminate; alar cells nearly hyaline rectangular not well-
defined; other cells hyaline not porose, narrow-linear except the
oval apical; costa faintly dentieulate near apex, narrow above
but very dilated at base, not excurrent. Tufts loose very ‘spa-
tingly radiculose. Capsules unknown. -- Alp. region r. Amer.
U. S. Nat. Park 2100 metr. a. £.: Roell.

5. Fuscescentiformia.

“A. Inner perichetial leaves longer than the awn.

. .& Leaves very long and not crisped but faleate or nearly
Straight when dry, sometimes brittle; costa very narrow. Cap-
Sule large; pedicel very long. Tufts shining very high.

. $5.D.majus Smith.

Leaves with subulate nearly wholly serrulate acumen; angular
9ells diversiform, the inner hyaline; other cells long uniform
Dorose; costa excurrent rough at least in upper half. Capsules
faintly striate us. clustered. Inner perichetial leaves denticulate,

truncate below the awn. Tufts green or yellowish. — On.

_ farth and shaded rocks in woods. Eur. not r. Sweden common!
| - r. Can. eastern districts: J. Macoun: U. S.: Roell. Alaska:
.. 9-:M. Macoun. 138 *

36.D.Howellii Renauld et Cardot bot. gaz. 1889. — D. an-
Eüstifolium Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII, 1890 (in part). ——
_ Leaves with sublinear in upper half serrulate acumen, narrower

—

than in the last; cells as in the last; costa not distinctly ex-
current and nearly smooth. Capsule sulcate solitary. Inner
perichetial entire, attenuate to awn. Tufts us. golden glossy.
— Damp rocks. Amer. Pacif. dist. not r. Alaska: J. M. Ma-
coun. Can.: J. Macoun; Dawson. U. S. Oregon: Hertzman;
Roell; Howell, com. Cardot.

* D.angustifolium Kindb. l. c. in part. E

Capsule not sulcate. Leaves nearly entire. — Damp rocks
r. Amer. Can. Vance. isl: Macoun. E

b. Leaves less long and not brittle, us. flexuous or crisped
when dry; costa sometimes somewhat broad. Capsule solitary —
gen. less large; pedicel not much long. Tufts us. low and not —
shining. —
47.).fuscescens Turner.

Leaves with subulate in upper part more or less serrulate
acumen, flexuous or crisped; cells us. not porose; angular cell! —
diversiform, the inner hyaline; other cells of base long, the
upper gen. short; costa faintly rough at back, us. excurrent
and somewhat broad. Capsule us. oblique striate or sulcate. -
Tufts us. grayish green when dry. — Decayed trunks or damp
rocks in woods not r. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can: Ma- —
coun, U. S.: Roell. vie
* D.congestum Bridel, R

Leaves less serrulate with sublinear acumen; cells us. porose; —
costa us. subpercurrent narrower. Capsule less striate. E
us. green. — Not r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, S witzerl.! Finl.: s
Brotherus. Amer. Can.; Macoun; Waghorne. U, S: Roel. — —
* D.Sendtneri Limpricht. ga -

Leaves nearly entire less flexuous, sometimes subconvolute; —
cells porose, upper gen. narrow. Capsule nearly straight. —
Rocks r. Eur. Norway! Russia: Zickendrath. ad
* D.subbrevifolium Kindb. n. subsp. iid

Leaves larger, subconvolute nearly entire; costa not excurrent.
Capsule sulcate. Stem somewhat high. Habit of D. brevifolium.
Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. 5
48.D.congestiforme C. M. et Kindb. l. c. yee

Leaves with somewhat broad short-subulate nearly wholly
serrulate acumen, faintly flexuous, larger than in D. fuscescens;
upper and middle cells porose gen. narrow, the others as p
the mentionned species; costa distinctly rough at back, not
excurrent, narrow. Capsule oblique somewhat large and finally

— 199 —

suleate. Tufts greenish and high. — Damp subalp. rocks r.
Amer. Can. Brit. CoL: Macoun.
49.D.algidum Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves entire nearly straight and suberect, only the upper
flexuous, narrower than in JD. fuscescens; angular cells nearly
uniform dilated; other cells very porose, gen. long; costa very
narrow, nearly smooth at back or slightly rough in the exeur-
rent part. Tufts soft and silky, green or dark green, nearly
eradiculose, Capsules unknown. Habit of D. spadiceum; differs
from it prine. in not convolute leaves. — Rocks in alps r. Amer,
Can. Rocky mts 2700 metr. a. s.; Macoun. Eur, Sweden in

- Lapland, and Norway: E. Nyman.

*D.subspadiceum Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves straight erect subconvolute, denticulate near apex and
at the excurrent part of costa. Tufts brown with yellowish
branch-tops. Capsules unknown. -— Rocks in alp. region r.
Amer. Can. Rocky mts 2500 metr. a. s: Macoun.

B. Perichetial leaves shorter than the awn.
50.D.suleatum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII; D. trachyphyllum
Ren. et Card.

Leaves brittle not large, more or less flexuous when dry;
cells porose, the uppermost short, the lower long; costa broader
than in D. fuscescens, sometimes excurrent. Capsule sulcate.
Habit of D. fuscescens. — Logs and rock& r. Amer. Can. Brit.
CoL: J. and J. M. Macoun. N. Foundl: Waghorne.
51.D.erispulum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Differs from the last: Leaves narrower, more crisped when

. Wry; cells not porose, the uppermost irregular sometimes sub-

oblong; costa very narrow gen. percurrent. — On earth or trees

= mM woods r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit. Col: J. Macoun:

Alaska: J. M. Macoun: U, S.: Roell.

. 52.D.perichetiale Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 61.

Differs from the both last in the leaves larger and broader,

neither crisped nor flexuous, only the uppermost subfaleate,

often brittle; cells larger, narrow-linear, not or sparingly

Perose; costa distinctly denticulate at back, not excurrent, nar-
Tower than in D. sulcatum; capsule larger. Resembles D. sco-

Partum and D. majus in habit. — Amer. Pacif. distr. r. U. S.: Roell.
6. Convolutifolia.
A. Leaves serrulate in upper part of acumen.

- a. Leaves long-subulate; costa somewhat long-excurrent.

— Tufts tomentose; tomentum often reddish.

— 200 —

53.D.Muehlenbeckii Bryol. eur. H
Leaves flexuous; cells gen. not porose, the angular dilated
nearly uniform, the inner pale yellow; other cells of lower
part gen. narrow, the middle and upper short mixed with some
long near apex; costa faintly rough at back. Capsule often
nearly smooth. Often more robust and high than in the re
sembling D. fuscescens. — Rocks princ. in alp. or northern
districts, not common. Hur. Norway, Switzerl.! France: Hus-
not. Germany: Kolb, com. Warnstorf. Amer, Can.: Macoun.
U. 8: Roell. ott
b. Leaves not long-subulate; costa gen. percurrent. Tufts
sparingly radiculose. PE
54.D.rhabdocarpum Sullivant. !
Leaves patent-erect not flexuous; angular cells diversiform,
the alar pale yellow; other cells gen. long; costa rough at back -
without ridges. Capsule sulcate. Habit of D. scoparium. —
Subalp. woods r. Amer. Rocky mts: Lesq. et Sulliv. exsice, ——
com, Renauld. Eur. Sweden in Lapland: E. Nyman. a
55.D.dipteroneuron C. Mueller in Flora 1887. KE
Leaves flexuous somewhat small; alar cells brown, the others

narrow or the uppermost oval; costa with 2 serrulate ridges at —
back, sometimes short-excurrent. Capsule smooth not large ——
pedicel short. Habit of JD. brevifolium. — Amer. r. Green: —
C. Wensk, com. Roell U. S.: Roell. »Alaska: Krause»: C. M.
B. Leaves gen. entire, r. indistinctly denticulate near apex
Capsule sulcate, TE
a. Leaves somewhat large; costa gen. percurrent. Tufts nob
densely radiculose. R. fruiting. Í
96.D.brevifolium Lindberg. bd
Leaves flexuous short-subulate, sometimes less distinctly com
volute; angular cells dilated nearly uniform, outer brown, inner.
pale yellow; other cells gen. short; costa nearly smooth at back.
Sometimes more robust and high than in the resembling:
fuscescens. — Rocks prine. in alp. or northern districts, 1 Hur
Sweden, Norway! Finl.: Brotherus.. Amer. Can: Macoun. =
57.D.spadiceum Zetterstedt. — D. neglectum Juratzka. =
Leaves open-erect. not flexuous, somewhat long-subulate; an-
gular cells diversiform, the inner hyaline sometimes reaching.
to costa; other cells gen. long nearly uniform; costa. smooth
sometimes short-excurrent. Tufts often brown. Habit of
molle and D. scoparium. — Rocks in alp. regions r. Eur. Norwa;

— $29

Switzerl.! France: J. E. Zetterstedt. Spetsbergen: Berggren.
Amer, Greenl.: Berggren.

b. Leaves small; costa excurrent smooth at back. Tufts
dense tomentose. Capsule not large. ;
58.D.elongatum Schleicher.

Leaves us. from somewhat broad base short-subulate and
entire, nearly all appressed when dry; angular cells diversiform,
the alar brown; other cells narrow except the gen. short upper;
cosía somewhat broad and not long-exeurrent. Capsule faintly
curved. Tufts green or brownish us. very high. — Swamps
and wet rocks princ. in alps. Eur. nearly common in northern
alps. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun; Wag-
horne. Greenl.: Wensk, com. Roell.

*D.dovrense Kindb. n. subsp. AON 3s

Leaves narrower with longer subula, entire and not brittle,
nearly all appressed when dry; nearly all cells narrow except
the alar; costa longer-excurrent. Capsule faintly curved. —
Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld!

* D.subfragilifolium Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves narrow long-subulate faintly denticulate above, flexuous,
sometimes brittle; costa long-excurrent narrower. Capsule ar-
cuate. — Northern alps r. Hur. Norway near Kongswold! Amer.
Can.: Waghorne.

* D.attenuatum Kindb. n. subsp. ;

Leaves larger, gradually tapering to a somewhat long subula,
nearly entire and often brittle, the uppermost flexuous; costa
short-excurrent. Capsule more or less curved. Habit of D.
. fragilifolium. - Tufts low. — Amer. Can. Labrador: Waghorne.
. 99.D.fragilifolium Lindberg. — D. Macounii Austin in herb.
.. Macoun. s
: Leaves from narrow base very long-subulate, entire and brittle,
. Bn. straight erect or the uppermost flexuous; alar cells r. well-
defined, the others gen. rectangular or some few short; costa
narrow very long-excurrent. Capsule oblique us. arcuate, larger
than in D. elongatum. Tufts low us. green or pale brown.
Bibite of-D. > striclum. 3220 logs in northern princ. subalp.
districts r, Eur. Norway! Sweden: S. O. Lindberg: E. Nyman.

- Can.: Drummond; Macoun; Waghorne. :
_€. Leaves small entire; costa percurrent ‘smooth at back.
Tufts densely radiculose. Capsule small. Habit of D. elongatum.
60.D.groenlandicum Bridel. — D. lJabradoricum ©. M.; D.

uinerve Zetterstedt. x

— 202 —

Leaves abruptly narrowed to the scarcely longer acumen, gen.
broader than in D. elongatum, strongly appressed when dry;
angular cells us. not well-defined, other cells gen. long or the -
uppermost shorter; costa very narrow. Capsule curved. Tufts.
high pale brown very compact. R. fruiting. — Swamps and
wet rocks in arctic or other northern alps r. Eur. Norway! a
Spetsbergen: Berggren; R. Gyllencreutz. Russia near Kola; Brotherus,
eom. C. Mueller. Amer. U. S. Miquelon isl.: Delamare, com. Cardot.
61.D.Sphagni Wahlenberg fl. lappon.

Leaves as in the last but somewhat larger, more gradually
narrowed, looser appressed or subflexuous; cells as in the last
but the angular more distinct and brown; costa less narrow.
Capsule straight or slightly curved. Tufts somewhat low, not
very compact, often green, — Swamps r. Hur. Norway! Amer.
Can.: Waghorne.

92. Campylopus Bridel. i
I. Thysanomitrium. Leaves often falcate; alar cells short
dilated, separated from leaf-borders by narrow (marginal) cells; other
cells rectangular; costa long-excurrent somewhat narrow. :

IL Anotis. Leaves not falcate; alar cells gen. wanting (or
indistinctly evolute), the angular narrow gen. not much defined

from the other basal ones; upper cells short irregular; costa
very broad but often short-excurrent. T ud
HI. Eu-Campylopus. Leaves sometimes falcate; alar cells short
dilated well-defined; other cells short gen. irregular; costa sometimes
(n C. flexuosus) not or scarcely exeurrent, Leaves involute above.

I. Thysanomitrium Schweegrichen. 4
1.C.uncinatus Harvey. — Thysanomitrium Harv.; Campylopus
Kindb. Laubm. S. u. N.; Dicranodontium circinnatum Schimper.

Leaves from half-sheathing base abruptly tapering toa much : ;
longer, subulate acumen, faintly serrulate, patent; alar cells - E

hyaline fugitive, Tufts green loose, Very r. fruiting. — Sha- ae
ded rocks prine. in alps r. Eur. Switzerl.| Norway: E. Nyman
Scotland: Fergusson. Austria: Breidler. =
II. Anotis Kindberg. Geen

A. Leaf-base whitish glossy. Leaves and branchlets brittle.
Leaves appressed when dry. pE
2.C.fragilis Dickson, — Bryum Dicks; Campylopus Br. eur. —
Leaves not. involute above; upper cells gen. rhombic; COStA —
gen. long-excurrent, sulcate at back, faintly denticulate at ape —
Tufts tomentose not high. R. fruiting. — Rocks, esp. of sand- :
stone, and turfy soil Eur. not r. Switzerl.! ail

— 203 —

B. Leaf base more or less dusky. Leaves and branchlets
r brittle. Leaves gen. (exc. C. Schimperi) not appressed.

à. Leaves notinvolute above; costa long-excurrent. Not r. fruiting.
3.C.piriformis Schultz. — Dicranum Schz.; Campylopus Bridel;
C. turfaceus Br. eur. ;

Upper leaf-cells subrhomboidal; costa sometimes sulcate, Stem
short, radiculose at base. — Heaths and moorlands, Eur. notr. Swe-
den: Aokerman, com, Lindberg. England: Holt. France: Du Noday.

b. Leaves involute above; costa gen. less long-excurrent,
Very r. fruiting.
4.C.subulatus Schimper. — C. brevifolius Br. eur.

Upper leaf-cells gen, rhombic-quadrate, the alar sometimes
nearly distinct; costa faintly sulcate, sometimes hyaline at apex.
Tufts very low without rhizoids. — On stones r. Eur. prine.
in warmer districts. Switzerl.! Belgium: Gravet. France: Ber-
thoumieu. Austria: Breidler. Sweden: P. Larsson.
5.C.Heinriei Renauld et Cardot. v

Differs from the last: »Leaves brittle; upper cells longer rect-
angular; costa longer excurrent, not sulcate»: Ren. et Card. —
Amer, r. »U. S.»: R. et C.
6.C.Schimperi Milde. — Leptotrichum tomentosum Kindb.
note on Can. Bryol. j
. Leaves us. appressed when dry; upper cells oval-rhomboidal;
costa not sulcate. Tufts tomentose often very low, sometimes
high. —- Damp rocks prine. in alps r. Eur. Switzerl., Norway!

Austria: Breidler. Engl.: Holt. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
: Ill. Eu Campylopus.

A. Leaves somewhat short, distinctly denticulate above at
lamina, flexuous when dry; costa long-excurrent gen. without
. hyaline hairpoint. Capsules unknown.
. T.€.Donnellii Austin. — Dicranum Aust.; Campylopus Lq. et Jam.
. Leaves abruptly attenuate, indistinctly auricled, not large;
Upper cells oval-rhombie; costa not sulcate. Tufts greenish to-
mentose not high. — Amer. U. S., Florida: Austin, eom. Cardot.
8.C.subleucogaster C. M. — Dicranum (Campylopus) C. M.

^Differs from the last in its dirty yellow color, leaves less |
open and less abruptly narrowed, costa broader; terminal
btanchlets bristles Lesq. et Jam. — »Leaves distinctly auricled;
Upper cells quadrate; costa serrulate at apex. Tufts loose,
about 3 c. m. high. Stem with very short, densely crowded
| branches at apex. — Amer. r. U. S., Alabama: Mohr»: C. M.
In Flora 1875. ; por

> d =

B. Leaves long gen. entire or (in C. Mildei and C. setifolius)
denticulate above, us. appressed when dry; costa long-exeurrent,
a. Upper leaves us. with long whitish hairpoint. |...
9.Cintroflexus Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Campylopus Brid;
C. polytrichoides Notaris; C. leucotrichus Sull. icon. m. H

Leaves straight rigid not distinctly auricled, us. appressed - |

when dry; basal lamina not involute; upper cells rhomboidal-
oblong or often curved; costa very broad, deeply sulcate. Male
plants with short reddish perigonial leaves. Tufts radiculose
us. green or yellowish, sometimes blackish. Very r. fruiting.
— Dry heaths and rocks. Eur. Switzerll Amer. »U. S.»; Sulliv.
10.C.brevipilus Br. eur. !

Differs from the last: Leaves less rigid, sometimes faintly
flexuous; basal lamina partly involute; costa not deeply sulcate,
less broad; hairpoint short sometimes wanting. Tufts nearly
eradiculose us. yellowish. Capsules unknown. — Moist heaths
r. Eur. France: Renauld, com. Husnot.
11.C.atrovirens Notaris.

Leaves not rigid, sometimes flexuous or falcate, us. auricled; upper
cells gen. oblong or vermicular; costa not deeply sulcate,
not very broad. Tufts sparingly radiculose us. blackish or dark
green. Very r. fruiting. — Wet rocks and peaty ground. Bur.
Switzerl.!| Norway: R, Hartman. France: Husnot.

* C.adustus Notaris. | 55

Leaves nearly straight, less distinctly auricled; upper cel 3
often rhomboidal. Tufts blackish brown when dry. Capsules
unknown. — Dry rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. in higher subalp. -
region near Faido! x
12.C.graeilicaulis Mitten. ay

Differs from C. atrovirens in not auricled leaves; upper cells —
often rhombic. »Capsule immersed in the comal leaves»: Lesq: — —
et Jam. Amer. r. U. S., Florida: Austin, com. Cardot. e
*C.angustiretis Austin. — Dicranum Austin; Campylopus —
Lesq. et Jam. Pj

»Leaf-cells much longer, sublinear, the alar dirty red. Amer. -
U. S., Florida»: Lesq. et Jam.
b. apes; oett distinet (hyaline) hairpoint, sometimes -
exc. C. Mulder) faleate or r. (in C. setifoli i i e
EC LM ae ee a

Leaves nearly appressed when dry, straight, less rigid than —

in C. introflezus, sometimes denticulate above; auricles gen. not i

much distinct; upper cells oval-rhombic; costa not much deeply 2

-- 205 —

sulcate. Stem more or less radiculose, often very long. Tufts
gen. green above, brown below. Capsules unknown. — Dry
and moist rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano!

14.C.Shawii Wilson. :

Leaves not rigid, abruptly attenuate, entire; auricles indistinct;
upper cells oval-rhombic; costa not sulcate, nearly entire. Tufts
tomentose green. Capsules unknown. Habit of Dicranum al-
bicans. — Bogs r. Eur. Scotl.: Shaw, com. Bottini.
15.C.setifolius Wilson.

Leaves not rigid, denticulate above; auricles large; upper cells
rhombic; costa not sulcate, very rough in upper part. Capsules
clustered; calyptra unknown. Tufts nearly eradiculose, blackish
or dark green; stem very long. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks r.
Eur. Irel.: G. A. Holt. j
16.C.Schwarzii Schimper.

Leaves not rigid, entire, r. faleate; auricles large; upper cells
rhombic-rectangular; costa sulcate nearly entire. Capsules un-
known. Tufts sparingly radiculose, greenish or blackish, often
high. abit of Dicranum longifolium. - Rocks in alps and
near Atlantic sea. Eur. Switzerl.! Irel.: Holt. Norway: R. Hart-
man.

* C.mieans Wulfsberg.

"Tufts yellowish more radiculose. Leaves often faleate. Pe-
dicels of capsules clustered. — Eur. Norway: Wulfsberg. Swe-
den: P. Larsson.

€. Leaves gen. denticulate above, us. flexuous when dry;
costa not hyaline at apex, us. gubpereurrent. :

17 C.flexuosus L. — Bryum L.; Campylopus Bridel.

Leaves often auricled; upper cells suboval-rhomboidal, the
alar us. brown-yellow; costa occupying about half lamina at
base, suleate only at apex. Tufts us. brown-tomentose. Less
r. fruiting. — Turfy soil and moist sandstone rocks. Eur. not
r. Switzerl.| Amer. r. »U. 8.»: Sulliv.

* C.zonatus Molendo. :
Leaves more distinctly denticulate; alar cells purplish (as to-

mentum of stem); costa narrower. — Eur. r. France: Le Jolis.
* C.paradoxus Wilson.

Leaves gen. entire; costa narrower, percurrent. Tufts less
tadiculose. Capsules unknown. — Peaty soil r. Eur. Engl.:
Wood, com. Husnot. Sweden: P. Olsson.

*(.tallulensis Sull: et Lesq.; Sulliv. icon. m. :
Lohves Jüinitowerydenticalnto! nom capex; “costs: percurrens.

— 206 —

Tufts sparingly radiculose, yellowish green. Capsules unknown. -
— Wet rocks r. — Amer. »U. S.»: Sullivant. athe
93. Dieranella Schimper. DAR.
I. Anisothecium. Leaves spreading, from sheathing base ho- —
rizontally patent or deflexed. Capsule inclined; pedicel red.
II. Pseud-Oncophorus. Leaves flexuous or erect-patent, not
spreading. Capsule inclined distinctly necked and strumose;
pedicel yellow (reddish only when old). wi
III. Eu-Dieranella. Leaves not spreading. Capsule not di-
stinctly necked; pedicel red or (in D. heteromalla) yellow.

L Anisothecium (Mitten) Lindberg. ee

A. Leaves large gradually tapering to the broad acumen.
Stem us. high. R. fruiting. " is
1.D.squarrosa Starke. — Dicranum St.; Dicranella Schimp. .

Leaves with nearly entire often obtuse acumen; upper cells
oval or suboblong; costa not percurrent. Capsule large not
striate. — Moors princ. in alps. ur. not r. Norway (fruit.),
Sweden, Switzerl.! Engl. (fruit.): Manchester Cryptog. Society.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

B. Leaves less large abruptly tapering to the long subulate
acumen. Stem us. low.
2.D.Schreberi Swartz. — Dicranum Sw.; Dicranella Schimps -
Cynodontium canadense Mitten; Dichodontium Lq. et Jam.

Leaves with an in upper part serrulate acumen; cells irregular
often rhomboidal, upper suboblong; costa percurrent. Capsule -
smooth not large. — Clay soil not r, Eur. Swedenl; Lindberg —
M. Huss.. Engl: Holt. Amer. Can.: Macoun. |
9.D.Grevillei Bryol. eur. =

Leaves entire; cells oblong-lanceolate; costa excurrent. Cap- E
sule small finally striate or sulcate, indistinctly strumose. —
Clay soil princ. in alps r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: M. z
Huss. Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun. o

I. Pseud-Oncophorus Kindb. oe
4.D.cerviculata Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Dicranella Sch. —

Leaves from half-sheathing base abruptly narrowed toalong —
subulate acumen, us. flexuous or crisped; cells narrow irr i
costa broad long-excurrent. Capsule finally plicate; teeth cleft —
to middle. Tufts yellowish green. — Bare soil on wet heaths —
and in ditches, Eur. common. Sweden! Amer. Can: Macoun. -

D.pusilla Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Dicranella Sch. — ,-

»Plants smaller, Leaves Shorter, nearly straight and not.

— 207 —

flexuous. Capsule very small, less distinctly strumose. — Higher
alp. region r. Eur. Switzerl.»: Schimper.
5.D.polaris Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893.

Differs from D. cerviculata; Plants smaller. Leaves shorter
nearly straight and not flexuous; upper cells suboblong; costa
broader, filling the whole acumen. Capsule very small and
not striate, less distinctly strumose; teeth nearly entire or faintly
cleft. Stem very short. — Arctic distr. r. Amer. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun.
6.D.cerviculatula Kindb. 1. c.

Differs from D. cerviculata: Leaves gradually narrowed; cells
. short quadrate, only the inner basal narrow; costa narrower
and well-defined, only in perichetial leaves distinctly excurrent.
Tufts dark green. — Amer. r. Can. Hudson Strait: R. Bell,
com. Macoun.

III. Eu-Dicranella.
A. Leaves channelled; costa long-excurrent.
x a. Leaves abruptly acuminate from the us. half-sheathing
ase l
7.D.secunda Swartz. — Dicranum Sw. 1795; Dicranella Lind-
berg; D. subulata (Hedwig 1801) Schimper. :

Leaves entire with suboblong base, subfalcate not crisped;
lower cells narrow, the upper oblong; costa gen. entire. Capsule
cernuous finally sulcate; teeth cleft to middle; lid long-rostrate;
annulus revoluble. — Wet stony ground princ. in alps. Eur.
not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. Can.:
J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. ]
*D.curvata Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Dieranella Seh. ———

Leaves with shorter base; costa denticulate above. Perichetial
leaves not convolute. Capsule us. erect. — Wet sandstone
rocks r. Eur. Germany: Huebner. France: Boulay, com. Hus-
not. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
8.D.erispa Ehrhart. — Dicranum Ehrh.; Dicranella Sch.

Leaves entire with subovate base, crisped when dry; cells
gen. narrow; costa minutely denticulate near apex. Capsule
erect finally sulcate; teeth red-brown cleft to middle; lid long-
rostrate; annulus not wholly revoluble. — Sandy ground. Eur.
not r, Norway, Sweden! Engl: Holt. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
9.D.parvula Kindb. bull. Torr. club 1889. i
- Leaves crenulate all around with subovate base, crisped or-
curved when dry; basal cells long linear, upper oblong-quadrate;
costa denticulate above. Capsule inclined or suberect; teeth

—- 208 —

orange nearly partite; lid short subobtuse or apiculate; annulus
scarcely loosed; pedicel pale red. Stem very short. — Earth
in higher alp. region r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts 1950 metr. a.
8.: Macoun. i is

b. : Leaves gradually acuminate from not sheathing base.
Pedicel yellow. . Ja
10.D.heteromalla L. — Bryum L.; Dicranella Sch. 'of
. Leaves flexuous or straight when dry, sometimes denticulate;
lower cells long, upper shorter; costa broad us. denticulate
near apex. Capsule nitid orange more or less oblique and in-
clined, r; suberect, finally sulcate; teeth cleft to middle; lid
long-rostrate. Tufts us. green often soft and silky-like. —
Damp earth and rocks common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Germany,
Switzerll Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. U. S. com. Macoun (a variety with longer not di-
stinctly sulcate capsule).

* D.Fitzzeraldi Renauld et Cardot. -

Capsule suberect and subsymmetric. — Amer. U. S.: Fitzge-
rald, com. Cardot.

B. Leaves carinate gradually acuminate: not sheathing; costa — —
gen. not excurrent. Capsule not or indistinctly striate. Tufts —
low us. not shining. TÉ =

a. Leaves entire, recurved below; alar cells us. dilated.
11.D.rubra Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Dicranella Brotherus; ——
D. varia Schimper; D. Howei and D. Langloisii Renauld et |
Cardot. oto

Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong. us. nearly straight: -
upper scarcely longer; cells gen. narrow exc. the alar. Capsule -
inclined red-brown us. oblique; teeth us. not deeply cleft; lid .
rostellate not longer than half capsule; annulus none. m
yellowish green. — Damp clay soil and rocks. Eur. common. -
Sweden, Switzerl.! Italy: Arcangeli. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun. -
U. 8.: Sullivant; Howe; Langlois, com. Cardot (a var. with short

leaves),

$ D.callistoma Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Dicranella Sch. —
- Capsule smaller, subsymmetric often erect, gen. not longe —

than lid. — Rocks princ. in subalp. distr. r. Eur. Eugl.: Rogers. -
France: Le Jolis. Greece: Heldreich. :

12.D.debilis Hooker et Wilson. — Dicranum H. Ws; Sulliv. -
1e. m.; Dicranella Lq. et Jam.; D. leptotrichoides Ren. et Card.
Differs from D. rubra *callistoma: Capsule annulate; teeth
nearly partite. Upper leaves much longer than the lower. —.

— 209 —

Ditches and roadsides r. Amer. U. S.: Sulliv. ct Lesq., com.
Renauld; Langlois, com. Cardot.

- b. Leaves serrulate above, not recurved; alar cells not de-
fined. :

18.D.rufeseens Dickson. — Bryum Dicks. Dicranella Sch.

Leaves longer upwards, nearly straight or curved: the upper-
most narrowly ovate-lanceolate; cells less narrow than in D.
rubra. Capsule symmetric blood-red us. erect; teeth cleft nearly
to middle; lid rostellate us. half as long as capsule; annulus
none. Tufts often rufescent. Male plants resembling a Phascum.
— Wet clay and stony ground, Eur. not r. Sweden: R. Hart-
man; M. Huss. Amer. Can. J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Ma-
coun.

* D.humilis Ruthe.

Capsule inclined and curved when dry. Leaves pale green,
the upper more flexuous. — Sandy and clay soil r. Eur. Nor-
way: N. Bryhn.

94. Dieranoweisia Lindberg.
- A. Leaves recurved gradually acuminate; costa not excur-
rent. Peristomial teeth not cleft; annulus revoluble.
1.D.cirrata L. — M»nium L.; Dicranoweisia Lindb.

Leaves subulate-acuminate; alar cells not well-defined; costa
subpercurrent. Perichetial leaves abruptly narrowed to a shor-
. ter acumen; costa vanishing below it. Capsule erect cylindric

. pale or yellowish brown. Tufts pale green. — Logs and rocks
not r. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

B. Leaves not recurved. Peristomial teeth us. cleft; annu-
lus indistinct.

a. Leaves abruptly acuminate; costa not excurrent. Capsule
straight symmetric. Perichetial leaves very short. ——
= 2D.erispula Hedwig. — Weisia H.; Dicranoweisia Lindb.

. "Leaves with long subulate channelled acumen; alar cells
well-defined. Capsule pale brown us. oval-oblong, or cylindric
. When young, r. cylindric when old; teeth sometimes entire.
. Perichetial leaves short-apiculate. Tufts brown or blackish
when dry. — Rocks prine. in alps, common in alp. regions.
Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: Miss O. Cron. Spetsbergen:
Berggren. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. U. 8: Henderson, com. Cardot.
3.D.compacta Schleicher. — Grimmia Schl.; Dicranoweisia
Y himp.

Co Differs from the last: Leaves with sublinear not long often

— 210 —

obtuse acumen: perichetial longer-apiculate. Capsule suboval -
red-brown smaller. Tufts lower often green. — Rocks in higher
alp. regions r. Hur. Switzerl.!; Schimper. Italy: Husnot m.
gal. Norway: R. Hartman. Sweden: E. Adlerz; E. Nyman,

h. Leaves nearly gradually long-subulate; costa excurrent.
Perichetial leaves long-acuminate. Tufts green. Capsule small.
4.D.Roellii Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 59.

Alar leaf-cells not well-defined or rectangular. Perichetial
leaves abruptly narrowed to a by costa often wholly filled
acumen. Capsule red-brown round-oval symmetric not strumose;
pedicel flexuous or arcuate when dry, not long. Tufts very
compact. — Rocks in higher alp. region r. Amer. U. S. Oregon
mt Hood 2400 metr. a. s. near a glacier: J. Roell.
5.D.obliqua Kindb. note on Canad, bryol. 1893.

Alar leaf-cells quadrate well-defined. Perichetial leaves less
abruptly acuminate, not filled by costa in lower part of acumen.
Capsule pale brown suboblong inclined curved or subobovate
with very small mouth, often strumose; pedicel long straight
or slightly curved. — Stones in alp. region r. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can. Brit. Col: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

95 Oneophorus Bridel, ; p .
1.0.virens Swartz. — -Bryum Sw,; Oncophorus Brid.; Cyno- -
dontium Schimper; C. Demetrii Ren. et Card. ?

Leaves reflexed at borders, from suboblong base less abruptly
tapering to the attenuate acute entire or in upper part densely
denticulate acumen; more or less crisped when dry. Perichetial ——
leaves abruptly acuminate to the long-excurrent costa. Capsule
subovate. — Rocks prine. in alps. Eur. common in alps.
Norway, Switzerl! Sweden: P. Dusén. Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne.
2.0.Wahlenbergii Bridel.

Leaves not reflexed, from broad base abruptly tapering to
sublinear entire or at apex obsoletely denticulate acumen, mu
crisped. Perichetial leaves less abruptly tapering to a by
not wholly filled acumen. Capsule subovate or subobovate. — -
Alp. swamps and rocks. Eur. not common. Norway! Sweden: —
Arnell. Italy: Payot, com. -Husnot. Amer. Can. common m —
eastern colder districts: J. Macoun; Drummond; Waghorne. —
Greenl: Berggren. Alaska: J. M. Macoun; Palmer. — 05
ee Funck. — Dicranum Funck; Oncophorus -

indb. oe

Leaves entire smaller, Stem and : pedicel shorter; capsule f

— 211 —

smaller. — Rocks in alp. prine. arctic districts r. Amer; Greenl.:
Vanhoeffen. Can.: Waghorne. Eur. »Sweden»: Hartman.
i 96. Rhabdoweisia Bryol. eur.

Å. Peristomial teeth brittle us. with broad base. Leaves
gradually acuminate us. entire.
1.R.striata Schrader. — Grimmia Schrad: 1799; Rhabdoweisia
Kindb.; Weisia fugax Hedwig 1801.

Leaves sublinear acute, curled when dry. Capsule suboval
pale ferruginous; pedicel yellow very short. — Fissures of rocks.
Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerll Amer. r. Can. Sudbury
Junction: Macoun. `

B. Peristomial teeth persistent subulate. Leaves obtusate
serrulate above.
2.R.crispata Dickson. — Bryum Dicks. 1793; Rhabdoweisia
Kindb.; Weisia denticulata Bridel 1806.

Leaves linear acute, more or less curled. Capsule suboblong
brownish; pedicel yellow. — Fissures of rocks. Eur. somewhat
r. Sweden, Switzerl. Engl: Rogers. Amer. t. Can.: Drummond,
com. Macoun.
3.R.crenulata Mitten. — Didymodon Mitt., Rhabdoweisia
Jameson; Oncophorus Braithwaite.

Leaves sublinear gen. obtuse, broader and more strongly
serrulate than in the last, not much curled; cells larger. Cap-
sule oval rufous or reddish; teeth sometimes cleft; pedicel finally
pale red. — Wet rocks r. Eur. France cascade d'Enfer near
Bagnéres de Luchon 1855! Engl.: T. Rogers.

97. Oreas : Bridel.

1.0.Martii Hoppe et Hornschuch. — Weisia Hop. et Hsch.;
Oreas Brid.; Oncophorus Lindb.

— Leaves entire sublinear acuminate or with broader base, re-
curved below. Capsule suboval rostellate; pedicel arcuate when
moist. Tufts very dense often high. — Rocks in alp. regions
r. Eur, Switzerl.! Austria: Schimper.

Fam. 22. Seligeriacee.
98. Seligeria Bruch et Schimper.

l. Anodus. Peristome none. Leaves denticulate.
IL. Eu-Seligeria. Peristome present. Leaves entire or (some-
times in S. pusilla) faintly crenulate.

L Anodus Bryol eur. i ser
.. 18.Donii Smith. — Gymnostomum Sm.; Seligeria C. M.
. Leaves channelled. shortish; costa long-excurrent. Capsule

— 212 —

piriform; pedicel straight. Stems very short not tufted. — -
Limestone and sandstone rocks. Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden: J.
Hulting. Norway: Arnell. Engl: Rogers. Amer. Can.: Drum-
mond; Macoun.
If. Eu-Seligeria. DR
A. Leaves long subulate-acuminate plurifarious; costa us. ex-
current. : s
a. Stem very short. Capsule piriform or subclavate. |
2.8.reeurvata Hedwig. — Grimmia H.; Seligeria Br. et Sch;
8. setacea (Wulfen) Lindb. "m ee
Leaves with long-excurrent costa. Capsule piriform; teeth obtuse —
or subacute; pedicel us. arcuate. Loosely tufted. — On sand-
stone. Eur. not r. Sweden, Italy, Switzerl! Engl.: Rogers.
Amer, Can.: Drummond; Macoun. .

*S.erecta Philibert. — »Weisia Seligeri Hooker et Wilson»: =

Lq. et Jam.
Leaves shorter. Pedicel us. straight erect. — Rocks r. Eur. —
Switzerl.: Philibert. Amer. »U. 8: Drummond»: Lesq. et Jam. —
9.S.pusilla Ehrhart. — Afzelia Ehrh.; Seligeria B. S. E
Leaves of fruiting stem with a not distinctly excurrent costa.
Capsule piriform erect; teeth obtuse; pedicel straight. : Loosely p
tufted. — Damp shady rocks of limestone or sandstone. Bur.
Switzerl.| Sweden: E. Adlerz. Norway: E. Nyman. Engl:
Whitehead. Amer. »Can. and U. S»: Lesq. et Jam.
* S.acutifolia Lindberg. de
Leaves with more distinctly excurrent costa. Pedicel often
very short. — Eur. r. Engl: Rogers. —
4.S.paueifolia Dickson. —- Bryum Dicks.; Seligeria Carruthers; -
Braithwaite; S. subcernua Schimper. d
Leaves with us. short-excurrent costa. Capsule subclavate
sometimes inclined; teeth acute; pedicel suberect flexuous. —
Chalk blocks r. Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite. :

b. Stem somewhat high about 1 c. m. Capsule subglobose
or oval. 3 es

5.S.polaris Berggren. Es

Leaves with long-excurrent costa. Capsule subglobose; teeth
subacute somewhat long; pedicel exserted not or slightly cur-
ved. Densely tufted. — On earth in arctic district r. Bur
Spetsbergen: Berggren, com. A. G. Nathorst. -
6.S.subimmersa Lindberg musei scandinav. eod

»Differs from S. recurvata in the stem higher, to 1 €. m4
angular leaf-cells dicranoid; capsule oval scarcely emergent

— 213 —

above perichetial leaves; tufts very dense: — Eur. r. Finl.:
Silén»: Lindberg. |
_ B. Leaves short us. obtuse. Stem low. at

a Leaves obtuse, tristichous princ. on sterile shoots. Stem
and shoots somewhat elongate. Capsule piriform with straight
pedicel; teeth obtuse.
7.S.tristicha Bridel. — Weisia Brid.; Seligeria B. S.

Leaves sublinear; costa distinctly excurrent. Perichetial
leaves gradually acuminate; costa long-excurrent. — Dripping
calcareous rocks r. Eur. Engl: Rogers; Cash. France: Boulay.
Amer. Can.: Macoun. :
8.8.tristichoides Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves sublinear, broader than in the last; costa not distinctly
excurrent. Perichetial leaves abruptly acuminate; costa per-
current or short-excurrent. — Eur. r. Norway in northern di-
strict: Schlegel and Arnell; E. Nyman.

--b: : Leaves plurifarious. Stem and shoots very short.
9.8.calearea Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Seligeria B. S:

Leaves subovate abruptly attenuate; costa excurrent. Capsule
piriform erect; teeth obtuse; pedicel straight. — Calcareous or
schistaceous rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! France: Husnot m. gall.
Amer, Can.: Drummond; Macoun.

*S.erassinervis Lindberg.

* »Capsule inclined; teeth acute; pedicel slightly curved at
| apex. — Eur. r. Sweden»: Lindberg.

10.S.diversifolia Lindberg. — S. compacta Philibert rev. bryol.
1897 ?

Leaves (also the perichetial) sublinear or narrowly ovate-oblong,
gradually attenuate obtuse; costa not excurrent, Capsule erect
narrowly piriform; teeth subobtuse; pedicel straight. — Calea-
. Teous rocks r. Eur, Finl.: Brotherus.

. *f.obliquula Lindberg.
. . Capsule broader; teeth acute; pedicel slightly curved when
dry: — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld: Kaurin.

11.S.campylopoda Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves as in the last but the upper perichetial acute or

Subacute. Capsule narrowly piriform finally sulcate; pedicel
. Strongly arcuate when moist. — Calcareous rocks r. Hur. A.

. Blytt and H. W. Arnell. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. |
99. Brachydontium Bruch. y
. LB.triehodes Weber fil. — Gymnostomum W. f£; Brachydon-

tium Bruch. x :

— 214 —

Leaves ovate-oblong shorter than the by costa nearly wholly
filled point, curled when dry. Capsule oblong sulcate when
dry; teeth pale truncate not reaching above annulus; lid rostel-
late; pedicel erect. Stems not tufted. — Rocks. Eur. princ.

<

in middle and south. distr. Germany! France: Boulay. Austria: -

Breidler. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
100. Trochobryum Breidler et Beck.
l.T.earniolieum Breidler et Beck.

Leaves subovate-oblong; the upper flexuous or deflexed with

a many times longer costa. Capsule rotundate or round-oval

not sulcate; teeth blood-red truncate; lid systylie convex with

short thick point; pedicel erect. — Moist calcareous rocks r.

Eur. Serbia: Ilie, com. C. Mueller.
101. Blindia Bruch et Schimper.

I. Eu-Blindia. Capsule exserted; lid soon deciduous; perie —

stome present. Dioecious.

IL Stylostegium. Capsule immersed; lid often systylic; pēri- -

stome none. Monoecious.
I. Eu-Blindia,
1.B.acuta Hudson. — Bryum Huds.; Blindia Br. eur.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate gradually acuminate, nearly ae
straight, gen. not much longer than the excurrent part of costa; —

alar cells red large quadrate; costa us. smooth. Perichetial

leaves abruptly acuminate larger. Capsule suboval-piriform or
globose with short neck; lid red-rostrate; teeth red; annulus
not distinct; pedicel straight reddish. Tufts us, brown. —
Wet rocks princ. in alps. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Nor-
way, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. Greenl.:
Vanhoeffen.
2.B.flexipes (Renauld et Cardot as var. Kindb. n. sp. i
Leaves as in the last but often falcate; costa denticulate
above, shorter-excurrent. Perichetial leaves gradually acuminate.

Capsule as in the last; pedicel flexuous arcuate yellow above. —
Tufts green or yellowish green. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Paci —

distr. Can: Macoun. U. S: Howell, com. Cardot.
IL. Stylostegium Bryol. eur.

3.B.cespiticia Schwegrichen. — Anoectangium Schw.; Blindia :

C. Mueller.

Leaves suboblong gradually acuminate nearly straight; alar —
cells brown subquadrate; costa long-excurrent. Perichetial leaves —
less gradually acuminate and very much larger; costa short —
excurrent. Capsule obovate or turbinate; lid yellow-rostrate;

— 215 —

E pedicel straight yellowish. Resembling small forms of B. acuta
in habit. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway! Scotl.: Hunt.

Fam. 23. Grimmiacee.
102. Grimmia Ehrhart.

A. Leaves spirally twisted about stem when dry.

I. Streptophyllum. Leaf-cells more or less sinuous. Capsule
€xserted smooth; pedicel longer, us. deflexed; lid not systylic;
peristome présent. Dioecious r. fruiting.

— B. Leaves not spirally twisted.

IL Eu-Grimmia. Leaf-cells not distinctly sinuous. Capsule
shorter than the gen. exserted pedicel; lid not systylic; peri-
stome present.

a. Leaves smooth obtusate entire and not sheathing, appressed
when dry and not patent when moist; cells large; hairpoint
very short or wanting. Dioecious.

1. Molliformes. Leaves large. Tufts gen. loose. Stem
elongate,

. . 2. Velutinz. Leaves very small, Tufts compact pulvinate

very low.

= M. Leaves smooth or (in G. cespiticia) papillose, us. acu-
minate, patent when moist; cells small; hairpoint often long.

. Often monoecious. Tufts us. pulvinate.

8. Pulvinatz. Leaves gradually narrowed or obtuse, not

i sheathing; cells us. short. Capsule often striate; pedicel often

: curved.

. 4. Alpestriformes. Leaves abruptly narrowed from half-

. sheathing base; basal cells often long. Capsule not striate;

pedicel r. curved.

. €, Leaves papillose crenulate, appressed when dry; cells

.&. Andresmoides. Capsules unknown.
Pseudo-Racomitrium. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or subli-
Rear cells (princ. the upper basal) sinuous, the inner basal
. Rarrow-linear. Capsule as in Eu-Grimmia.

. & Leaves carinate above, often recurved below.

aa. Leaves (princ. the younger) papillose. Dioecious.

. L- Papilloss. Leaves not crisped but often nearly appressed
= When dry. Pedicel of capsule arcuate.

. hb. Leaves smooth. Often monoecious. Cnn
.2. Crispulee. Leaves very narrow sublinear us. crisp

. Pedieel of capsule arcuate or straight. Dioecious very r. fruiting.

— 216 —

3. Trichophylloidew. Leaves less narrow, ovate-lanceolate
not erisped. Capsule often striate-sulcate; pedicel arcuate when
moist. Plants often robust. =

4. Ovateformes. Leaves ovate-lanceolate not crisped. Cap- -
sule smooth; pedicel not arcuate. Plants gen. not robust.
b. Leaves channelled above, not recurved.

5. Unicoloriformes. Leaves smooth us. narrowly ovate -
lanceolate, not or faintly crisped; upper cells us. opake.. Pe
dicel straight or arcuate, sometimes not emergent. Dioecious. l
IV. Pseudo-Schistidium. Leaf-cells sometimes sinuous. Cap- -
sule immersed longer than pedicel; lid not systylic. mou

1. Piliferæ. Leaves channelled or near apex carinate, re —

curved below at both sides; cells sinuous. Peristome present. 3
Dioecious. ET

2. QGrinitz. Leaves concave not recurved; cells often not
sinuous. Peristome present or wanting. Us. monoecious.

V. Sehistidium. Leaf-cells sometimes sinuous. Capsule im-
mersed longer than pedicel; lid systylic. Monoecious. td

,l. Platyphylloidew. Leaves channelled; cells gen. not -
sinuous. ei
2. Apoearpzformes. Leaves carinate; cells not r. sinuous. -
I. Streptophyllum Kindb. EE -
A. Leaves sublinear-subulate, gradually or nearly gradually —
narrowed from the not distinctly sheathing and (when moist) -
not appressed base; hairpoint short often wanting.
1.G.torquata Hornschuch. -o
Leaves gradually narrowed, open when moist; cells thick-
walled finally yellow, nearly all rectangular and sinuous; costa
pellucid. Tufts not cohering finally yellowish (when moist).
Capsule with arcuate pedicel. — Rocks prine. below alps. Eur.
Sweden Lindberg. Finl: Brotherus: Amer. Can.: Macoun.
U. S. fruiting: Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton. pr
2.G.prolifera C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. tee
Leaves nearly gradually narrowed, spreading when moist;
cells thin-walled faintly yellowish: basal narrow-rectangular an
more or less sinuous, upper subquadrate not sinuous; costa
faintly pellucid. Tufts cohering blackish below. Capsules
unknown. Stem sometimes proliferous with long green loosely
foliated shoots. — Alp. rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun;
N. Foundl: Waghorne. dini

— 217 —

B. Leaves abruptly narrowed from sheathing base; upper
cells short quadrate not sinuous; hairpoint often long.
3.G.funalis Schwegrichen. — Trichostomum Schw.; Grimmia
Schimp.

Leaves with subulate acumen, shorter than in G. torquata
and not large, us. brown when moist; cells not yellow: basal
rectangular, middle short-rectangular or subquadrate sinuous,
upper dusky very small and not well-defined; costa brown
opake; hairpoint often long. Capsule with arcuate pedicel.
Tufts not cohering, blackish or r. pale brown. Less r. fruiting.
— Alp. rocks. Hur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: R.
Hartman. France: Husnot. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren.
4.G.tortifolia Kindb. enumer. bryin. dovrens. — G. strepto-
phylla Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw.

Leaves small and short, subovate-oblong with acute or sub-
obtuse acumen, us. dark green when moist; celle gen. not
yellow: nearly all quadrate and not distinctly sinuous, only the
lowest basal rectangular hyaline; upper cells well-defined larger
than in the last and not dusky; costa not opake; hairpoint
very short us. wanting. Capsules unknown. Tufts densely
cohering, dark green when dry. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway
in Dovrefjeld! 3
*G.calvescens Kindb. enum. bryin. dovr. — G. imberbis
Kindb. botan. notiser.

Leaves small subovate or subovate-oblong gen. obtuse, green
When moist; cells not (or r. faintly) yellow: all basal rectangu-
lar, the middle faintly sinuous. Capsule suberect with nearly
. Straight pedicel. — Alp. rocks: r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.!

Sweden: E. Nyman. Austria: Venturi, Amer. U. S.: Roell.

. *G.pellucida Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 64. t

Leaves larger and longer, ovate-lanceolate subacute bright
Breen; cells pale pellucid, nearly all quadrate and not distinctly
sinuous; costa pellucid. Capsules unknown. Tufts pale green
When dry. — Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col. and Vanc. isl: Macoun.
U. 8.: Roell.

3) * G.pseudo-torquata Kindb.. n. subsp.

ves somewhat larger, ovate-lanceolate acute, green or the
. "ppermost yellow when moist; basal and middle cells sinuous
and rectangular; costa nearly opake. Capsules unknown. Ha-
bit of G. prolifera, — Alp. and subalp. rocks T. Eur. Norway
^ Dovrefjeld. and Gudbrandsdall Sweden in Jemtland: P.

usén, :
15

— 218.—

* G.Ryani Kaurin. s
Resembling a large form of G. funalis and more robust.
Leaves large broadly ovate-lanceolate acute, gen. brownish o
the uppermost pale yellow when moist; basal and middle cells
‘sinuous and rectangular; costa brown opake; hairpoint often —
present. Capsule with arcuate pedicel. Tufts gen. not or loosely
cohering when moist, brown when dry, often high. — Alp.
rocks r. Eur. Norway!; Ryan, com. E. Nyman.
II. Eu-Grimmia.

1. Molliformes.

5.G.mollis Br. eur. — G. orthotrichoides Hartman.

Leaves crowded not carinate, oval-ovate or broadly ovate- :
oblong; those of stem gen. acute, those of branches obtuse; |
the acute leaves often furnished with a short hairpoint, the
others muticous. Perichetial leaves short-acuminate often with
longer hairpoint. Capsule smooth suboval not wholly exserted |
above. periehetial leaves; lid short-apiculate; pedicel straight —
longer than capsule; calyptra cucullate. Tufts cohering and -
brown-green when dry, about 2 c. m. or lower. R. fruiting. — -
Moist alp. rocks r. Zur. Norway: Hj. Holmgren, detector of
this species. Sweden: E. Nyman. France: Husnot. Amer.
Greenl: Berggren.

* G.submersa Kindb. n. subsp. wae

Leaves obtuse muticous decurrent loosely disposed; the per- —
chetial obtuse or subacute r. with short hyaline point. Capsule —
wholly exserted. Tufts dark green, less or not cohering. Stem —
8—5 c. m. or much longer. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks in
alp. rivulets r. Eur. Norway; Kaurin. Lee:

2. Velutine.
6.G.Manniz C. Mueller in Flora 1887. à

Leaves broad-ovate subobtuse, carinate above, not recurved;
cells subquadrate, the upper dusky; hairpoint sometimes present.
Capsule suboval red-brown not striate; lid conic; pedicel arcuate
or finally erect. Tufts dark green when dry, about 0,5 c. m.
high. — Amer. r. U. S. Calif: Mrs Mann, com. C. Mueller.
ee Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. — »G. Mannie» cat.

an. m. iu

Leaves as in the last but recurved all around and not cari-
nate; cells subquadrate pellucid; hairpoint r, present. 4
brown and velyetlike when dry, low as in the last but more
compact. Capsules unknown. — Dry rocks r, Amer. Can.
Brit. Col: Macoun. SP

— 219 —

à 9. Pulvinate.
_ - 4. Leaves carinate above. Pedicel of capsule arcuate when
p young and moist. Us. monoecious.

8.G.pulvinata L. — Bryum L.; Grimmia Smith.
Leaves gen. ovate-oblong, more or less recurved below. Cap-
. Sule emergent brown striate either oval-oblong rostellate or
. broad-oval with mamillate lid; calyptra mitriform. Tufts 1—2
€. m. high. — Rocks and stone-walls in lower districts. Eur.
not uncommon. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Greece: Heldreich.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

*G.Philiberti Britton in Torr. bot. club XVIII, 2.
»Leaves narrower, recurved all around, often with propagula;
. basal cells rectangular. Capsule smooth; lid rostellate. Dioe-
= cious. — Amer. r. Idaho: Leiberg»: Britton 1. c.

9.G.orbieularis Bruch.
Lower leaves ovate-oblong, the upper ovate-lanceolate not
. fecurved at one side. Capsule emergent brown suboval faintly
. Striate; lid obtuse; calyptra cucullate. Tufts about 1 c. m.
. high — On stone. Eur. princ. in southern distr., somewhat
r. Germany: Schimper. France: Zetterstedt. Italy: Arcangeli.
Engl.: Rogers.
B. Leaves neither carinate nor recurved. Capsule not striate;
pedicel not arcuate when moist. Dioecious.

.10.G.campestris Burchell. — G. leucophxa Greville.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtuse concave; basal cells
subquadrate; hairpoint nearly smooth and long. Capsule oval
reddish brown scarcely emergent; lid short-apiculate; annulus
tevoluble; calyptra mitriform. Tufts about 1,5 c. m. high. —
Siliceous rocks. Eur. not r. in lower districts. Sweden, Switzerl.!
Amer. U. S.: Roell.

*G.sareocalyx Kindb. cat. Canad. m.
. Leaves with more distinctly denticulate hairpoint. Capsule -
broad-oval more emergent by the twice longer pedicel; lid obli-
quely rostellate. — Subalp. regions r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
11.G.tenella C. Mueller.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate channelled; lowest basal cells short-
rectangular; hairpoint short or none. Capsule oblong pale brown
small; lid apiculate or rostellate; calyptra cucullate; pedicel
Curved when dry. Tufts about 1,5 c. m. high, blackish when
dry. — Rocks in alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
‘U.S: Roell.

— 220 —

4. Alpestriformes.

A. Leaves. distinctly sulcate, papillose above and carinate; :
12.G.exspiticia Bridel. — Dryptodon Brid.; Grimmia Juratzka.
G. suleata Sauter. TIRAS

Leaves ovate-oblong obtuse, not recurved below, suberect |
when moistened; basal cells short; hairpoint very short us.
wanting. Capsule oblong-cylindrie chestnut-brown; lid conic;
pedicel straight. Tufts olive-green 0,5--2 e. m. high, very —
dense. Dioecious. — Rocks and stone-walls r. Eur, Switzerl! —
Austria: Schimper. France: Husnot. r "o
* G.aretiea C. Mueller.

»Leaves shorter, cucullate at apex. — Amer. Greenl.»: C.M. s
in Lange, Greenl. fl. 4

B. Leaves not or (sometimes in G. alpestris) faintly sulcate,
smooth, ;

à. Leaves channelled, not recurved below. Capsule long
exserted. Us, dioecious, ub
19.G.eommutata. Huebener. -— Dicranum ovatum Swarts; —
Grimmia Weber et Mohr. jid

Leaves ovate-lanceolate, flat or -subinyolute above, patent |
when moist, the uppermost much larger; basal cells long, the ,
upper short and opake; hairpoint rough not long, sometimes |
wanting. Capsule oval brown; lid rostellate; annulus broad; UE
pedicel straight. Tufts very loose, grayish green above, brown
or blackish below, 2—4 centim. high. Dioecious. — Rocks, ;
gen. siliceous, princ. below alps. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, -
Switzerl.! Amer. Can. Brit. CoL: Macoun. U. S; Roell .
14.G.teretinervis. Limpricht. ies zoidgiovat

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, involute nearly, all
around, suberect when moist; nearly all cells short; hairpoint
us. wanting. Tufts blackish. Stem often with brood-corpuscles.
Capsules unknown. — Calcareous rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.| Austria:
Gander. Greece: Haussknecht. pre wh p
15.G.aretophila Kindb. rev. bryol. 1896. x

Leaves ovate-oblong, involute above, suberect when moist,
appressed when dry, the uppermost not larger; basal cells gen.
short, the upper short opake; hairpoint not long. Capsule
suboblong brownish; lid apiculate; annulus indistinct; pedi
straight. Tufts cohering us. blackish when dry, about 3. c.
high. — Amer, r. Greenl,: Berggren. Can. Cypress hi

Macoun.

— 221 —

*G.labradoriea Kindb. n. subsp. qe.
Tufts about 1 c. m. high, brown-green. Inner (lower) basal
. leateells long. Lid of capsule obliquely rostellate. — Amer.
. r Can: Northern Labrador: Macoun 1896.
. 16.G.tenerrima Renauld et Cardot. — G. nivalis Kindb. bull.
. Torr eluib XVII. i
~ Leaves very broad at base, broadly ovate-oblong, us. recurved
. in upper part, patent when moist, the uppermost not larger;
. basal cells short somewhat large, the upper short opake; hair-
point us. wanting, in perichetial leaves somewhat long. Cap-
Sule oblong-oval brownish; lid muticous or obliquely rostellate;
annulus indistinct; pedicel us. curved when dry. Tufts us.
. cohering, blackish when dry, about 1 c. m. high. — Rocks in
. alp. region r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell;
. Henderson, com. Cardot.
= "b. Leaves carinate. Capsule us. not exserted above peri-
chetial leaves.
. 17.G.montana Bryol. eur.
: Leaves ovate-lanceolate, not recurved below, patent when
moist; basal cells long; hairpoint long and rough. Capsule
oval-oblong reddish brown; lid rostellate; annulus nearly indi-
stinct; pedicel straight distinctly exserted above perichetial
leaves. Tufts cohering us. green, about 1—2 c. m. high.
Dioecious. — Rocks also below alps. Eur. not r. Sweden,
Norway, SwitzerL! Germany: Schimper. Amer. r. Can., Brit.
Col.: Macoun.
18.G.alpestris Schleicher.
— Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, not recurved
below, gen. patent when moist; basal cells short; hairpoint long
‘nearly smooth. Capsule brown us. oblong-cylindric: lid muti-
cous; annulus indistinct; pedicel straight. Tufts us. cohering,
blackish or grayish green when dry, glaucous green when moist,
about l c. m. high. Us. dioecious. — Alp. rocks. Eur. less
BE Norway, Switzerl, Spain! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
* 6.Ungeri Juratzka. kdo ee
Capsule oval; lid apiculate. Monoecious. — Eur. r. Scotl.:
Fergusson.
“G.subsuleata Limpricht. Ma es
Leaves faintly sulcate. Capsule pale brown; pedicel Bome
times curved (in Austrian specimens straight). Often monoe-
cious. »Capsule with large stomata»: Limpricht. — Alp.
region r, Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Gander.

— 222 —

19.G.subsquarrosa Wilson; Braithwaite. — »G. Muehlenbeckii |
var.» Limpricht. di

Leaves ovate-lanceolate recurved below at both sides, sprea-
ding when moist; inner basal cells quadrate, the alar rectan-
gular; hairpoint long rough. Capsules unknown. Tufts fuscous-
green above, 1—3 c. m. high. Stem with brood-corpuscles.
— Rocks r. Eur. Engl: H. Boswell Belgium: Gravet.

5. Andreoider.
20.G.(?) andrezoides Limpricht.

»Leaves obtuse muticous concave not carinate and not recur-
ved, appressed when dry; the uppermost suddenly larger from
ovate-oblong base gradually acuminate; the lower and those of
shoots ovate-oblong very small; upper cells round-oval, lower
gen. rectangular; costa with brood-corpuscles. Capsules unknown.
Tufts reddish or blackish brown. Stem 1,5 c. m. high or lower
with numerous shoots. Allied to G. torquata, but leaves not
are twisted. — Rocks in alp. region r. Eur. Austria: Breidler»:
Limpricht.

III. Pseudo-Racomitrium Kindb.
1. Papillose.
21.G.elatior Bruch.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acute, recurved below to middle on 5
both sides; middle cells subquadrate or short-rectangular; alar-
cells rectangular; costa papillose; hairpoint nearly smooth often
long. Capsule oval sulcate or costate; lid rostrate; pedicel often
not emergent above perichetial leaves, Plants robust often
high. Tufts loose, blackish below, fuscous green above. — —
Rocks princ. below alps, Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.! Norway:
M. N. Blytt. Amer. »Greenl: Vahl»: Lange. QUEM e
*G.papillosa Kindb. Laubm. Schw. u. Norw. — G. elatior —
var. subfunalis Limpricht. 4

Leaves more distinctly papillose, less acute, more appressed —
when dry; hairpoint short or wanting. Tufts lower (about 3
c. m.) blackish green more dense. Capsules not found. —
Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway! !
* 6.anomala Hampe. us

»Leaves subobtuse often with brood-corpuscles at apex; hair- ——
point short dentate or wanting. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Austria
and Switzerl.: Limpricht. |
22.G.Liswm Notaris. por

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acute, not distinctly recurved below |
at one side, subfalcate when moistened; nearly all cells rectan-

—. 223 —

gular, -alar not hyaline; hairpoint rough often short. Capsule
oblong nearly smooth. Stem about 2 c. m. high. Habit of
= Q. trichophylla. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! Belgium: Gravet.
Italy: Venturi. Amer. Can. Rocky mts and Vance. isl: Macoun.
. *@sardoa Notaris; C. Mueller syn.

. »Leaves curved at apex, revolute to above middle; lower
cells short. Capsule globose. Plants small. — Eur. r. Italy:
Notaris»: C. M. !

5M 2.. Crispule.
. 93.G.ineurva Schwsegrichen. — Dicranum contortum Wahlen-
. berg; Grimmia Schimper.

Leaves sublinear-subulate with thickened borders, gen. crisped;
cells green or pale yellow: the middle oval-quadrate, the upper
small. dusky; basal cells large, the alar rectangular; hairpoint
short or none. .Capsule oval-oblong; annulus broad; pedicel.
deflexed. Tufts soft us. tomentose, green or blackish, often
. somewhat high. In open places the leaves not are distinctly
erisped. — Rocks princ. in crevices in alp. region r. Eur.
Norway, Switzerl.| Sweden: E. Adlerz; J. Persson (fruit.). Ger-
many: Schimper. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. 8. Oregon:
Roell.
.24.G.hamulosa Lesquereux. |
Differs from the last: Leaves faleate muticous not thickened
at borders; cells brown, the lower less elongate; costa brown, .
stouter and subexcurrent. Tufts loose blackish. »Capsule.
larger; annulus none»: Lesq. et Jam. — Higher alp. region r.
Amer. U. S. Calif: Bolender, com. C. Mueller. :

25.G.atrata Mielichhofer.

Leaves sublinear subobtuse with thickened borders, crisped
when dry, patent-erect when moist; cells pale green in younger
state: the middle short-rectangular, the upper round-quadrate .
sinuous, the alar subquadrate; costa very stout; hairpoint very
short nearly smooth us. wanting. Capsule oblong-cylindric or
oval; annulus broad; pedicel straight. Tufts very tomentose,
blackish when dry, brown-green when moist, often high. — .
Alp. region princ. on copper-rusty rocks r. Eur. Norway, Spain! .

Austria; Schimper.

; 9. Trichophylloidez.
A. Leaves narrow, not recurved below, nearly flat at borders.
Tufts. dense and cohering, about 1—2 centim. high. Capsule
Small not striate. . i

— 224 —

.&. Capsule nearly immersed, scarcely emergent: above peti-
chetial leaves; calyptra cucullate. Dioecious. E
26.G.ortholoma Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. à. il
"Leaves long, nearly appressed when dry; nearly all cells
sinuous, middle rectangular; hairpoint long nearly smooth.
Capsule very small; lid with short conic or oblique beak. —
Tufts 1—2 c. m. high. Leaves often with brown branched .
brood-filaments. — Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. | ^
b. Capsule distinctly emergent, yellowish; calyptra mitriform.
Monoecious. p) ns
27.G.apiculata Hornschuch. "^ AME
Leaves subobtuse; cells yellow in younger state: middle an
upper short sinuous, alar rectangular; hairpoint short smooth.’
Capsule oval; lid apiculate or mamillate. Tufts about 1 c. m.
high. Habit of G. ovata. — Alp. region r. - Eur. Norway!
Austria: Breidler. ;
28.G.Holleri Molendo. ers
Differs from the last: Leaves with longer hairpoint; nearly —
all cells narrow. Capsule oblong with wider mouth; lid with
longer beak. Tufts about 2 c. m. high. — Higher alp. region -
r. Eur. Austria: Breidler. a
29.G.arenaria Hampe. — G. curvula Br. et Schimp.
Leaves subacute very narrow sublinear; cells faintly sinuous ——
nearly all short, the lowest rectangular; hairpoint long smooth.
Capsule suboval; lid obtuse muticous. Tufts less than 1 centim. —
high. — Rocks and stone-walls also in alp.“ region r. Eur.
Switzerl.! Belgium: Schimper. a ie
B. Leaves more or less recurved. Stem often longs.
a. Angular (alar) leaf-cells indistinct or uniseriate. Dioecious. -
Leaves with obsolete or wanting hairpoint. wa
30.G.patens Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Grimmia Br. eur
Differs from other species in the at back bilamellate costa
of leaves. Ear
Leaves long, recurved below middle at both sides, nearly
appressed when dry; nearly all cells us. sinuous, the middle
and alar subquadrate or short-rectangular, the inner basal Jong.
Capsule subovate pale brown not striate; lid rostrate, Tufts
us. loose and green; stem 5—10 c. m. long, r. shorter. Re-
sembles some species of Racomitrium. Not r. fruiting. — Moist
quartzose rocks also below alps. Eur. not r. Sweden common,
Norway, Switzerl, Spain! Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun.

— 225 —

*G.subsimplex Kindb. bull. soc. bot. ital. 1895.
. Stem nearly simple, 3—4 c. m. high. Leaves less appressed
when dry, not recurved below at one side, sometimes with
.. brood-corpuscles; upper cells not sinuous. Capsules unknown.

Habit of G. Hartmani. — Siliceous alp. rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.

near Goeschenen!
31.G.robustifolia Kindb. — Racomitrium Kindb. bull. Torr.
club "XVII; R. obscurum Kindb. in Macoun Canad. musci
exsicc.

"Leaves long, not recurved above at least at one side, faintly
crisped and not appressed when dry; nearly all cells sinuous,
thé middle rectangular, the upper subquadrate. Capsule small
oval, striate or plicate when dry; lid with very short oblique
beak. Tufts 3—6 c. m. high, dark green, finally blackish
brown. — Rocks in brooks of higher alp. region r. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can. 1800—2100 metr. a. s.: Macoun.

b. Angular (alar) leaf-cells pluriseriate and rectangular.
. Dioecious. Stem gen. not high.

32.G.trichophylla Greville.
_Leaves long, not distinctly recurved below at one side; middle

cells short-rectangular, the upper roundish-quadrate faintly si-

nuous; hairpoint nearly smooth often long. Capsule oblong
costate or rugose. Stem us. 1 c. m. (in Canad. specimens of-
ten 2 c. m.) high. Tufts loose greenish, — Rocks. Eur. prine.
. below alps,. not r. in southern districts. . Switzerl.! Germany:
. Schimper. France: Husnot. Amer. Can. common in Pacif.
distr: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

33.G.Muehlenbeckii Schimper.

Differs. from the last: Leaves shorter and broader, nearly
appressed when dry; upper cells distinctly sinuous; hairpoint
longer and rough. Capsule oval gen. smooth. — Rocks prine.
in northern districts. Eur. Sweden common, Norway, Switzerl.!
Amer. y. Can.: Macoun.
34.G.californica Sullivant. i

Leaves somewhat small, acute, recurved below at both sides,
the upper with long faintly rough hairpoint; cells yellow: the
middle and upper round quadrate very small, not or faintly
sinuous; alar cells short-rectangular. Capsule oval faintly striate;
teeth often subpartite. Tufts dense brown 2—3 centim. high.
Amer: r. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. 8: Bolender, com.

C. Mueller. | s n

— 226 —

* G.Watsoni Lesquereux et James. p^
»Leaves scarcely hair-pointed. Capsule oval-oblong. — Amer.
U. S. Calif.»: Lesq. et J. i
35.G.depilata Kindb. eat. Canad. m. auf
Leaves somewhat small, gen. obtuse and hairless, r. with |
obsolete hairpoint, recurved below at both sides; middle cells
quadrate, the upper round-quadrate not sinuous, Capsule oval.
not sulcate, often with oblique beak. Tufts dense dark brown
or dark green above, 3—4 c. m. high. — Not much distinct.
from the last, but approved by C. M. — Dry rocks r. Amer.
Pacif. distr. Can. Vanc. isl: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.
e. Angular leaf-cells pluriseriate quadrate. Stem gen. long.
Plants robust. Tufts loose.
aa. Monoecious. Capsule costate. Stem about 3—4 c. m. long.
36.G.decipiens Schultz. — Trichostomum Schultz; Grimmia
Lindb.; G. funalis Br. eur.
Leaves recurved below at both sides, more or less flexuous -
when dry, the uppermost very long; middle cells rectangular,
the upper subquadrate distinctly sinuous; hairpoint us. long
and rough. Capsule oval. Perichetial leaves subulate-acuminate. —
Tufts blackish below, yellowish green or brown above. — Sili- -
ceous rocks also below alps. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! :
bb. Dioecious. Capsule not distinctly striate. Stem gen.
very long. |
37.6. Hartmani Schimper.
Leaves long, not distinctly recurved below at one side, more
or less flexuous; middle and upper cells roundish-quadrate Si- —
nuous, nearly all basal short, the alar not hyaline; hairpoint 1
short rough or wanting, often destructed by brood-corpuscles.
Capsule oval. Tufts us. green and 5—10 c. m. high. Very |
r. fruiting. — Rocks often below alps. Eur. not r. Sweden
common, Switzerl.! Corsica fruiting: Philibert. j
38.G.areuatifolia Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI. £s
Leaves long, recurved below at both sides, distinctly faleate :
when moist, not flexuous when dry; middle cells rectangular, -
upper subquadrate not sinuous. Upper leaves gradually larger
upwards; hairpoint short rough. Capsules unknown. Tufts
dark green above, about 5 c. m. high. — Dry rocks r. Amer. -
Can., Vanc. isl.: Macoun. igi:
39.G.canadensis Kindb. n. sp. agai!
Leaves somewhat long, recurved below at both sides, flexu
when dry; middle cells rectangular, the upper subq

— 227 —

distinctly sinuous, the alar hyaline very numerous. Capsule
small oval. Tufts yellowish or brownish green, 4—5 o. m.
. high. Branches curved. — Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl.: Macoun.
= 40.G.procera Kindb. (in litt. ad Macoun 1892); revue bryol.
1896. — G. pachyphylla Leiberg bull. Torr. club 1893 ?

Leaves long, recurved nearly all around, nearly appressed:
when dry; cells yellow, the upper short and not or faintly
sinuous, the alar few, the inner basal long; hairpoint short
and rough, sometimes wanting. Tufts brownish. Stem 5—10
c. m. long. Habit of G. patens. — Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl:
Macoun. (U. 8.: Leiberg ?)

4. Ovatæformes.

A. Tufts cohering, us. pulvinate. Stem 1—2 c. m. high.
Gen. monoecious, us. fruiting.
41.G.ovata Weber et Mohr. -— G. ovalis Lindb.

Lower leaves small, the upper ovate-lanceolate, recurved
below at one side, nearly appressed when dry; middle and
upper cells short indistinctly sinuous, the alar quadrate or
short-rectangular; hairpoint us. long and nearly smooth, some-
. times wanting. Capsule brown oblong-oval; lid rostellate;

annulus deciduous; calyptra us. mitriform. Tufts us. greenish.
. Monoecious. — Rocks also below alps. Eur. common 1n nor-
. them districts. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.:
.. Macoun.

. *G.Hausmanni Notaris. ;

i »Leaves muticous. Capsule with apiculate or obtuse lid.
Tufts brown-green. — Eur. Austria»: Limpricht.
42.G.sessitana Notaris. 1

Differs from G., ovata: Leaves nearly uniform; hairpoint short.
Capsule pale-brown; pedicel less elongate; lid not rostellate;
annulus indistinct; ealyptra cucullate. Tufts blackish. | Dioe-
cious. — Rocks also below alps r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.!
.. ltaly: Levier.

.. 13.G.Donii Smith.

Leaves not long, not recurved at base; upper cells subqua-
= drate sinuous, middle short-rectangular, the alar and the very
. narrow (inner) basal longer; hairpoint long nearly smooth. Cap:

sule oval pale-yellow; lid mamillate; calyptra us. mitriform;
pedicel not or scarcely emergent above perichetial leaves. Tufts
small dusky or blackish green, us. about 1 c. m. high or
lower. Monoecious. — Alp. regions. Hur. gen. r. Norway!
Amer, r, Can.: Macoun,

— 998 —

44.G.microtricha C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. ' vio

‘Differs from the last: Leaves with short hairpoint and shorter,
less distinctly sinuous cells. Capsule oblong brown; lid short-
conic; pedicel distinctly exserted. Dioecious or (on distinct
branches) monoecious. Tufts blackish below. — Subalp. region -
r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. iis

B. Tufts not or loosely cohering, 3—8 c. m. high. Gen.
dioecious r. fruiting. :

a. Leaves sublinear subobtuse, appressed when dry; lower -
cells not sinuous; hairpoint us. indistinct.
45.G.elongata Kaulfuss.

Leaves somewhat short and short-acuminate, faintly recurved
below at one side; cells yellow in younger state: upper round-
quadrate sinuous, middle and alar short-rectangular; hairpoint
short often wanting. Capsule oval pale brown; lid short-eonic
obtuse, "Tufts blackish when dry, brown-green when moist,
somewhat. low and more cohering in fruiting, state. — Alp.
region. r.. Eur, Norway! Austria: Venturi... Amer. Can.:
Macoun. p :

b. Leaves ovate-lanceolate acute, nearly appressed when dry; |
nearly all cells (exc. at base near costa) sinuous. Upper leaves ——
with short. hairpoint. Ho
46.G.microcarpa Gmelin. — Bryum Gm.; Grimmia Lindb; ——
Racomitrium sudeticum Br. eur. ae

Leaves more or less recurved below; upper and middle cell -
short, the alar uniseriate quadrate more dilated. Capsule sub-
oval small; lid rostrate. Perichetial leaves with sublinear aeu-
men. Tufts blackish or dark brown when dry. — Moist alp.
rocks gen. rz. Eur. Norway, Spain! |Amer.. Can. Brit. Col:
Macoun. : is

47.G.attenuata C. M. et Kindb. — Raeomitrium C. M. et
Kindb. 1. c. peo
Leaves recurved nearly all around, suberect and nearly |
straight when moist; upper cells short, the middle rectangular, -
the alar long narrow often pluriseriate, Capsule suboval; lid
subobtuse or apiculate: Tufts fuseous green above, blackish”
below. Habit of G. elatioy, — Alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit |
Col: Maeoun. | oe
€. Leaves sublinear acute appressed when dry; lower basal
cells not sinuous; hairpoint of upper leaves long. Dioecious.
Capsules unknown, doo P MB

— 229 —

48.6.Stirtoni Schimper; Braithwaite.
Leaves not recurved; lower basal cells rectangular, the others
small subquadrate. — Rocks r. Eur. »Scotl.»: Braithwaite.
5. Unicoloriformes.
= Å. Lower leaf-cells very sinuous.
49.G.elliptica Turner. — Dicranum Turn.; Grimmia Arnott;
Racomitrium Br. eur.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtuse muticous, nearly ap-
pressed when dry; lower cells narrow, upper small dusky.
Capsule broad-oval; lid long-rostrate; calyptra mitriform; pedicel
straight. Tufts loose blackish when dry, not high. — Damp
schistose rocks princ. near Atlantic sea r, Eur. Norway: R.
Hartman; F, Kiær; E. Nyman.

B. Lower leaf-cells not sinuous.

à. Leaves obtuse muticous. Pedicel straight. Tufts loose.
50.G.unieolor Hooker. :

Leaves often faintly crisped when dry; cells faintly sinuous,

nearly all short yellow, uppermost opake very small. Capsule
brown oval-obloug; lid rostellate; calyptra us. mitriform. Tufts
about 4 c. m, or higher, blackish or brown-green when dry.
R. fruiting. — Wet rocks often near cascades princ. in alps.
Eur. less r. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
b. Leaves acute with often long hairpoint. Pedicel arcuate.
Tufts densely cohering. |
51.G.0Ineyi Sullivant icon. muscor. pagola
Leaves appressed when dry, upper very long; cells greenish:
. inner. basal: rectangular, calar quadrate, middle less distinctly
sinuous, upper opake very small. Capsule brown oval; lid
= rFostrate; calyptra cucullate; pedicel short not emergent; annulus
revoluble. Tufts 2—3 c. m. high us. grayish green. — Amer. r.
Can. Macoun. U. $.: Sullivant et Lesq., com. C. Mueller,
52.G.Austini Kindb. revue bryol. 1894. "age don
Differs from the last: Leaves longer and subflexuous, less
appressed when dry; mi/dle cells distinctly sinuous. Pedicel
longer; calyptra mitriform. — Amer. r. U. S. New Jersey: Austin,
ys Macoun. o
58.G.fragilis Schimper syn. ed. 2. aieo Bim
haini: brittle ate appressed; nearly all cells short: basal
— Short-rectangular larger, alar rectangular hyaline, middle qua-
. drate sinuous, upper opake very small; hairpoint rough, in up-
permost leaves long. Capsule pale. brown small oblong; lid
obliquely rostellate; calyptra unknown; pedicel short but emer-

= 0

gent. Tufts fuscous about 1 c. m. high. — Granitic blocks in |
subalp. region r. Hur. Portugal: E. Levier.

IV. Pseudo-Schistidium Kindb.

1. Pilifers.
54.G.pilifera Palisot de Beauvois; C. M. — Weisia Roehling -
Grimmia pennsylvanica Sulliv. icon. musc. |

Leaves long ovate-lanceolate acute, not appressed but faintly
flexuous when dry; upper cells subquadrate sinuous, the others
rectangular exe. the subquadrate alar; hairpoint brown below,
not long. Capsule oval; lid rostrate; calyptra mitriform; pedi-
cel straight; annulus broad revoluble. Tufts loose brown about
2 c. m. high. — Amer. Can.: Drummond n. 56, com. Macoun.
U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.

2. Crinits.

A. Annulus of capsule broad revoluble; peristome present.

à. Leaves short obtusate obtuse concave; cells sinuous. Cap-
sule red-brown, rugose when dry; pedicel curved; calyptra cu-
cullate., Monoecious. '
55.G.erinita Bridel.

Leaves not thickened at borders: lower sublong, upper obovate:
oblong larger; upper cells quadrate, middle short-rectangular,
lower long hyaline; hairpoint long. Capsule ovate; lid short- —
conic. Tufts grayish loosely cohering, 1 c. m. or lower. —
Stone-walls. Eur. princ. in southern districts. Switzerl. France:
Zetterstedt. Austria: Schmidt.

b. Leaves somewhat long-acuminate acute carinate above; -
cells sinuous. Capsule pale yellow not rugose; pedicel straight; |
calyptra mitriform. Monoecious, E
56.G.triformis Carestia et Notaris. pA

Lower leaves small; upper larger and broadly ovate-lanceolate,
not appressed when dry, us. curved when moistened; cells yel-
lowish small quadrate exe. the rectangular lower basal, alar
hyaline numerous; hairpoint nearly smooth, in upper leaves long.
Capsule subglobose-cyathiform: lid convex mamillate. Tufts
green 1—2 c. m. high. — In alps r. Eur. Switzerl! Italy:
Carestia, com. Geheeb. T
57.6.Ganderi Limpricht. d a eri

Differs from the last: Leaves longer acuminate, not curved
when moistened; upper cells oval-oblong; hairpoint long. Le
of capsule short-conic. — Schistose alp. rocks r. — Eur. Austria:
Gander, com. E. Adlerz. T

— Ee

€. Leaves gen. long-acuminate, sometimes papillose near
. apex; cells not sinuous. Pedicel of capsule straight. Dioecious.
. 58 G.tergestina Tommasini. i

Leaves with thickened borders, ovate-lanceolate somewhat
large: upper with long faintly denticulate hairpoint; basal cells
. harrow-rectangular, the others short; costa not dilated above.
. Capsule brown suboval; lid rostellate. Tufts pulvinate often

2—8 c. m. high, grayish when dry. — Calcareous rocks and
. stones r. Eur. southern distr. Switzerl.! Austria: Schimper;
. Roell. Italy: Bottini. France: Philibert.

B. Leaves smooth gen. obtusate: lower obtuse muticous.
Pedicel of capsule curved; annulus narrow persistent. Monoe-
cious,

à. Peristome present.
59.G.plagiopodia Hedwig.

Upper leaves oblong with nearly smooth not long hairpoint;

. cells not sinuous, gen. short, basal larger. Capsule pale brown
. Sübglobose or broad-oval; lid nearly flat or subconvex, mamil-
late or apiculate; teeth orange. Tufts green or brown-green not
cohering, scarcely 1 c. m. high. — Dry rocks princ. of sand-
stone. Eur. less r. in southern distr. Germany: Schimper;
Schulze. France: Husnot m. gall. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
* G.Brandegei Austin. Md:

Perichetial leaves hyaline above often to middle; hairpoint
rough very long. Capsule subglobose; pedicel very short. —
. r. Can.: Macoun.

b. Peristome us. wanting.
60.G.anodon Bryol. eur. }
Upper leaves narrowly ovate-oblong acute with long nearly
smooth hairpoint; cells not sinuous: basal narrow-rectangular,
the others short; costa broader above. Capsule red-yellow broad-
oval, finally subpomiform; lid low subconvex mamillate or apl-
culate; peristome none. Perichetial leaves larger and longer;

cells very long. Tufts not or loosely cohering grayish

. green about 1 c. m. high. — Dry rocks also in alps. Eur.
| r. Norway! Germany: Schimper. Austria: Venturi. Amer. r.
. Van. Macoun.

61.G.alpina Kindb. enum. bryin. dovr.; revue bryol. 1896. es
>G. plagiopodia»: Zetterstedt; »G. anodon»: Limpricht; G. Lim-
prichtii Kern.
Differs from the last: Leaves: broader, ovate or broadly ovate-
oblong obtuse without hairpoint; cells often sinuous gen. sub-

AN s

quadrate. Lid of capsule convex neither apiculate nor mamil
late; teeth sometimes rudimentary. Perichetial leaves» with
somewhat long hairpoint; basal cells short- rectangular. Tufts
cohering brown-green about 2 c. m. high. — Rocks in higher
subalp. region r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld! Austria: Kern.
VY. Schistidium Bridel.
1- Platyphylloidese. a
À. Leaves not appressed when dry; hairpoint wanting.
a. Leaves denticulate near the obtuse apex, broadly
minate.
62.G.rivularis Bridel. Us
Leaves large ovate-lanceolate; cells large. Perichetial leaves
broadly obtusate; costa abbreviate. Capsule obovate finally -
turbinate; teeth red, larger than in G. apocarpa; lid short-poin-
ted; calyptra cucullate. Tufts loose. Stem decumbent, 3—6
c. m. or longer. — Stones in water not common. Bur. Finl.
Brotherus. France: Husnot. Amer, Can.: Macoun. 180
b. Leaves entire nearly subulate.
63.G.maritima Turner. yes
Leaves ovate-lanceolate recurved crowded. us. erisped when
dry; the upper with us. excurrent costa. Capsule as in the
last; teeth orange; lid rostellate; calyptra us. cucullate. Tu
dense pulvinate 1—2 c. m. high. — Rocks near sea or larger
lakes. Eur. not r. Sweden! Ireland: Schimper. | France
Jolis.. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Roell; Waghorne. das
*G.Agassizii Sulliv. et Lesq. — Schistidium S. L.; Grimn
Lq. et J.; G. erassinervis C. M. wi i
Leaves less crisped; costa not or indistinctly. exeutrent. `
of capsule sometimes with shorter point. — Amer, Can:
Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. m
64.G.cinclidodontea C. Mueller. nir
Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate not recurved, loosely dispo
sed, falcate when moistened; costa long-excurrent. =» Capsule
subglobose; teeth red; lid rostellate; calyptra mitriform»: €.
Tufts not cohering; stem about 4—5 c. m. long. — Amer.
Pacif. distr. .U, S.: Roell, com. C. Mueller. wn 4
B. Leaves entire nearly or completely appressed when ry
often rie "epis Stem erect. ; ;igl
à. Stem-leaves short obtuse ovate or ovate-oblong:
65.G.platyphylla Mitten. Poe pec
Leaves subovate muticous more or less recurved and
large, appressed when dry, not curved when moistened}.

— 233 —

chetial not much larger. Capsule subglobose; teeth red; lid
short-pointed or mamillate; calyptra cucullate. Tufts 1—38 c. m.

high, somewhat loose us. green. — Alp. rivulets r. Eur. Nor-
way! Amer. Can.: Macoun.
66.G.brunnescens Limpricht. — Schistidium Lpr.; Grimmia
Kindb.

Leaves small ovate-oblong muticous or with short rough
hairpoint, not recurved, nearly appressed when dry, curved
when moistened; perichetial not much larger with longer hair-
point. Capsule subglobose or broad-oval; teeth orange; lid
short-pointed; calyptra mitriform. Tufts dense 1—1,5 c. m.
high. — Higher subalp. region r. Hur. Switzerl.!

b. Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate. Tufts dense.
67.G.flaccida Notaris. — Anoectangium Not.; Grimmia Lindb.;
G. spheerica Schimper; Gymnostomum pulvinatum Hoffmann 1796.

Leaves somewhat large acuminate, recurved only in middle,
With nearly smooth often long hairpoint; perichetial larger and
more recurved. Capsule subglobose finally turbinate; teeth
orange often rudimentary or wanting; lid mamillate; calyptra
mitriform. Tufts 0,5—1,5 c. m. high often green. — Rocks
and stone-walls r. Hur. Switzerl., Italy! Austria: Breidler.
68.G.alpieola Swartz.

Leaves not large, broadly acuminate subobtuse and recurved,
muticous or with indistinct hairpoint; perichetial not much
larger. Capsule suboblong often nearly exserted; teeth red; lid
short-pointed; calyptra cucullate. Tufts 1—5 c. m. high us.
brown or brown-green. — Moist alp. rocks r. Hur. Switzerl., -
Norway! Amer, Can.: Macoun.
69.G.heterophylla Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII. — G. cosci-
nodontoides Kindb. l. ¢.; G. chloroblasta Kindb. cat. Canad, m.

Leaves small narrowly acuminate nearly subulate, not di-
stinctly recurved, with an often long rough hairpoint; periche-
tial green larger and longer. Capsule oblong; teeth orange very
ctibrose. Tufts 1—1,5 e. m. high dark green or grayish when
dry. — Alp. rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. | a
2. Apocarpeeformes. 095

À. Leaves princ. the DURAM serrulate above often to middle;
cells sinuous; costa rough at back.
70.G.graeilis Schleicher. f
Leaves not large, ovate-lanceolate broadly acuminate recurved,
early appressed when dry, curved when moistened; perichetial

larger; hairpoint rough often long. Capsule oblong; teeth dm

— 234 —

ruginous below, pale yellow above; lid rostellate; calyptra eueul- .
late or mitriform. Tufts loose often pale brown. Stem 2—10
c. m. long, sometimes decumbent. — Rocks also in alps not r.
Eur. Norway, Sweden, Switzerl! France: ‘Husnot m. gall —
Amer. Can: Drummond; Macoun; Waghorne. U. &: Austin -
71.G.pseudo-rivularis Kindb. n. sp. m

Differs from the last: Leaves larger and broader, narrowed —-
to a short-subulate point, patent when dry; cells less sinuous;
eosta subexcurrent rough only in upper part. Capsule oval; -
teeth red; calyptra mitriform. Stem long decumbent. Tufts —
green. — Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. |
* G.laneifolia Kindb. n. subsp. — G. coloradensis Austin ?

Leaves narrower and less acute sometimes with obsolete rough
hairpoint; costa not excurrent. Stem not long. — Wet rocks r.
Amer. Can.: Macoun. kad

B. Leaves entire or near apex faintly serrulate, us. curved
when moistened; costa smooth or near apex faintly rough. -
Stem us. erect. |

a. Leaves recurved, the perichetial much larger.
72.G.apocarpa L. — Bryum. L.; Grimmia Hedwig.

Leaves broadly acuminate us. ovate-lanceolate and not y ms
pressed when dry, gen. with rough hairpoint; cells us. papillose —
and faintly sinuous. Capsule suboval; teeth red; lid rostellate;
calyptra mitriform. Tufts us. loose. — Rocks also in alps
common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Amer, Can.: Ma-
coun; Waghorne. a
: *G.paehyneurula C. M. et Kindb. l. c. ss

Leaves small muticous; cells smooth thin-walled not sinuous.
— Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
73.G.pruinosa Wilson. — G. ambigua Sulliv. icon. m.

Leaves small broadly ovate-lanceolate subobtuse muticous or
with rough often short hairpoint, appressed when dry; cells
sinuous. Capsule suboval; pedicel sometimes as long; teeth
reddish or paler; lid short-pointed; calyptra cucullate. Tufts loose
about 1 c. m. high. In alps r. Eur. Norway!; Bryhn. Swe-
den: E. Nyman. Amer. Can: Macoun; Waghorne. U. 8:
Fendler, com. C. Mueller.

74.G.atrofusea Schimper, gue
Leaves small short ovate or oval-oblong us. muticous, ap-
pressed when dry; cells not sinuous. Capsule suboval;
reddish orange short and not perfectly evolute; lid rostellat
calyptra mitriform. Tufts loosely cohering about 2 c. m. high.

— 235 —

blackish when dry. — Higher alp. region princ. on summits r.
Eur. Switzerl. 1700 metr. a. s.l

b. Leaves not recurved; the perichetial much larger.
75.G.atricha C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves small short ovate-oblong subobtuse muticous, appressed
when dry. Capsule suboblong; teeth yellow or hyaline above,
orange near base; lid rostrate. Tufts densely cohering about
l c. m. high, dark green or fuscous when dry. — Alpine
rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1250 metr. a. s.: Macoun.

— €. Leaves recurved; the perichetial not much larger,
76.G.conferta Funck.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate subacute smooth not large,
often with rough hairpoint, us. appressed when dry; cells not
distinctly sinuous. Capsule oblong-oval; teeeh orange; lid api-
culate; calyptra mitriform. Tufts dense but loosely cohering,
—2 c. m. high, fuscous when dry. — Rocks not common.
Eur. Sweden!; Lindberg. Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Wag-
horne.

* G.tenera Zetterstedt.

Leaves very small sublinear nearly subulate, nearly spirally
twisted when dry; cells smaller. Capsules unknown. — Arctic
distr. r. Norway: J. E. Zetterstedt, com. C. J. E. Haglund;
W. Baur.

108. Racomitrium Bridel.
“Å. Leaves with papillose hyaline hairpoint or acumen. Beak
of calyptra rough above.

1. Lanuginosa. Leaves fimbriate at acumen; green cells
smooth. Capsule longer than beak; pedicel rough. i
2. Canescentia. Leaves serrulate at acumen; all cells us. with
. Somewhat long papille. Capsule gen. not longer than beak;
= pedicel smooth. : :
iS Leaves hairless or with a serrulate not papillose hair-
point. Capsule gen. longer than beak; pedicel smooth. Beak
. Of calyptra sometimes wholly rough (viz. in R. fasciculare).

3. Papillosa. Leaves with short papille, often hairless.
4. L:vifolia. Leaves smooth us. with long hairpoint.

1. Lanuginosa. *
. LR.hypnoides L.; Willdenow. — Bryum L.; Trichostomum
. Willd; Racomitrium Lindb.; R. lanuginosum Bridel. -
. . Leaves long ovate-lanceolate recurved below; green cells gen.
. Darrow, the alar rectangular; costa smooth. Pedicel short. Stem
. Tamose often to 10 c. m. long. — Stone and stony ground also

— 986 —

in alps, common in northern districts, Eur. Sweden, Norway!

Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
2. Canescentia.

2.R.canescens Weis. — Hypnum Weis; Racomitrium Brid. .

Leaves from broad ovate-oblong base gen. abruptly tapering
to a subacuté acumen, recurved nearly all around; upper and.
alar cells sukquadrate, the others rectangular; costa rough at -
back, us. abbPeyiate; hairpoint r. short or indistinct. Pedicel
us. long. — Stoné-ground also in alps common. Eur. Sweden,
Norway, Switzerl.! A Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska:

J. M. Macoun. U. S.: Roell. ;
* R.subfaseieulare Kindb. n. subsp. ido

Leaves fainter papillose, muticous or with very short hair-
point. — Rocks princ. in alp. region r. Eur. Norway! Austria:
Venturi.

*R.muticum Kindb. bull. Torr. club. XVII.

Leaves fainter papillose muticous, finally yellowish brown; ——
costa percurrent. — Alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1950 — —
metr. a. sea: Macoun. HET S
3.R.Panschii C. Mueller. — Grimmia C. M.; Racomitrium ——
Kindb. i ^

Differs from R, canescens: Leaves subovate obtuse with very
short acumen without hairpoint or only faintly hyaline at apex,
faintly papillose. Tufts low blackish. Capsules unknown. — >
Stem without nodose branches. — Arctic district r. Amer. ——
Greenl. isl. Sabine: Pansch, com. C. Mueller. (ay We

9. Papillosa. er

A. Leaves very broadly acuminate or obtusate, arrounded
at the us. dentate apex, short broad and channelled, without
hairpoint; costa not percurrent. Stem without nodose branchlets.
4.R.aciculare L. — Bryum L.; Racomitrium Bridel. —
Leaves us. green or blackish when dry; upper cells rotundate.
Capsule suboval; teeth deeply cleft; pedicel somewhat long. —
Wet stones also in alps. Eur. nearly common. Sweden, Swit-
zerl, Spain! Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne, Alaska: J. M.
Macoun, ; i phe
5.R.Neevii C. Mueller. ens
Leaves us. bright green also when dry; upper cells subqua-
drate. Capsule ovaloblong; pedicel short. — Wet rocks
Amer. Can. prine. in Pacif, distr: J. Macoun. Alaska: J.
Macoun. [rco
B. Leaves narrowly acuminate entire.

= 937 =

8. Capsule large subcylindric; pedicel about 2 c. m. long.
Leaves long gradually acuminate acute or subacute carinate,
often with hairpoint; costa gen. percurrent. Stem r. with short
nodose branchlets.
6.R.varium Mitten. — R.oreganum Ren. et Card.

Leaves yellowish green recurved nearly all around, subacute
at apex, not appressed when dry; cells also the upper rectan-
gular; costa greenish; hairpoint not long. Peristomial teeth
partite. Stem sometimes with short r. numerous branchlets.
— Wet stones in woods r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun.
U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.
7.R.speciosum C. Mueller.

Leaves green recurved nearly all around, subacute at apex;
upper cells gen. subquadrate, often greenish; hairpoint often
long. Peristomial teeth partite. Stem without short branch-
lets; leaves more appressed than in the resembling last. —
Rocks in woods r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun; Roell,
com. C. Mueller.
8.R.Levieri Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves dark green or finally blackish brown, acute at apex,
not recurved above or at one side, appressed when dry; upper
cells subquadrate, the lower rectangular; costa finally brown;
hairpoint none. Perichetial leaves more or less acuminate; costa
percurrent or slightly excurrent. Peristomial teeth deeply cleft
not. partite. Stem without short branchlets. Tufts blackish
brown when dry. — Alp. granitic rocks r. Hur. Portugal:
E. Levier.

. b. Capsule small gen. suboval; pedicel about 1.9, m. eor
Shorter. Leaves gen. without hairpoint us. carinate.

^. aa. Leaves not recurved above or at one side, obtuse or
subobtuse at apex; upper cells subquadrate; hairpoint none or
indistinct. Peristomial teeth deeply cleft not partite. Stem
without nodose branchlets. eS
9.R.protensum Braun. — Trichostomum Braun; Racomitrium
Huebener.

Leaves somewhat long and at apex obtuse, recurved below,

appressed when dry; hairpoint none; costa finally brown not
pereurrent. ^ Perichetial leaves short-acuminate; costa ghort.
Capsule suboval exserted; pedicel 5—8 mm. long. Tufts dark
"green finally blackish brown. — Wet rocks. Hur. not r. Swe-
den, Switzerl.! Portugal: Levier. Amer. »Greenl.»: Lange.

— 288 —

10.R.depressum Lesquereux.

»Resembling the last. Leaves broadly ovate, lanceolate above,
obtuse, sometimes slightly denticulate at apex; upper cells :
broadly ovate. Capsule subcylindric immersed on a very short
pedicel. Stem very long. — Amer. r. U. S.: Calif.: Bolender»:
Lesq. et Jam.
11.R.Maeounii Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI. :

Leaves long, subobtuse at apex, not recurved at base, crisped
when dry; hairpoint none or indistinct; costa percurrent finally
brown. Capsule suboval exserted; pedicel 0,5 c. m. long. Tufts
finally rusty or reddish brown. -- Rocks and boulders in alp.
region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 2100 metr. a. sea: J. Macoun.

bb. Leaves recurved nearly all around, long and acute; cells
us. narrow. Peristomial teeth partite. Stem often with short
nodose branchlets. :
12.R.fasciculare Schrader. -- Bryum Schr.; Racomitrium Brid.

Leaves nearly subulate-acuminate carinate us. (at least the
upper) greenish; cells narrow; costa subpercurrent; hairpoint
none. Stem with numerous short branchlets, us. long. Pedicel
about 1 c. m. or shorter. Calyptra with wholly rough beak.
— Rocks also in alps. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl, Spain! Amer. Can: J. Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska:
‘J. M. Macoun.
13.R.tenuinerve Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. :

Leaves longer subulate than in the last, carinate, yellowish e
green; cells narrow; costa faint vanishing far below apex; hair- ——
point none. Stem long sometimes without short branchlets. - a
Pedicel 0,5 c. m. long. Calyptra not seen. — Rocks r. Amer, —
Pacif. distr. Can: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
14.R.Palmeri Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves longer subulate than in R. fasciculare, blackish when —
dry, the upper faintly crisped; cells narrow: costa percurrent =
or subexcurrent; hairpoint none. Tufts dense 2—3 c. m: high.
. Pedicel very short gen. immersed. Habit of Grimmia microcarpa.
Arctic district r. Amer. Alaska: Palmer; J. M. Macoun.
i5EJjenseni Kindb. L o — R. sudetioum var. papillosum
Jensen.

Leaves small broadly ovate-lanceolate acute, blackish and
appressed when dry; the upper with short hairpoint; upper
cells short; costa brown percurrent papillose. Capsules unknown.
Tufts dense and low. Habit of Grimmia microcarpa. — Arctic
district r. Amer, Greenl; P. Eberlin; com, C. Jensen.

— 289 —

16.R.mieropus Kindb. cat. Canad. m. — R. heterostichum
yar. occidentale Renauld et Cardot. Oi

Leaves long-acuminate greenish channelled with thick bor-
ders; cells yellow gen. narrow, the uppermost sometimes sub-
quadrate; costa percurrent; hairpoint long. Capsule oblong
cylindric with short oblique beak; pedicel about 0,5 c. m. long.
Habit of R. microcarpum. — Granite rocks in alp. region r.
Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit. Col. 2000 metr. a. sea: Macoun.
U. S.: Roell; Henderson, com. Cardot.

4, Leevifolia,

A. : Leaves channelled, thickened at upper borders.
17.R.affine Schleicher. — Trichostomum Schl.; Racomitrium
Lindb. 7

Leaves ovate-lanceolate recurved below; upper cells round-
quadrate not or indistinctly sinuous; hairpoint short. Capsule
suboblong; teeth partite; pedicel about 1 c. m. long. Tufts
gen. not high and often dense. Stem often without short
branchlets. — Siliceous rocks not- common. Eur. Norway,
Switzerl.! Sweden: Arnell: Amer. Can. Macoun; Waghorne.
.. U. S.: Roell.

— *R.obtusum Smith. — Trichostomum Sm.; Racomitrium Lindh.

Leaves gen. obtuse without hairpoint. — Eur, Sweden: Arnell.
Norway: Bryhn. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

B. Leaves catinate above with not thickened borders.
J 18R.heterostiehum Hedwig. — Trichostomum H.; Racomi-
. rium Brid:

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate recurved nearly all around;
cells as in the last; hairpoint often long. Capsule oblong-
cylindric often somewhat large; teeth partite; pedicel 1 c. m.
. Or somewhat longer. Tufts us. grayish. Stem often with short
branchlets. — Quartzose stone princ. below alps. Eur. common.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.| Amer. Can; J. Macoun. Alaska:

— J. M. Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.

*R.mieropoides Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves pellucid with very short.hairpoint; upper cells some-
times rectangular; alar- cells hyaline. Capsule small scarecly
shorter than pedicel. — Rocks in alp. region r. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can, Brit. Col: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. T
Iniumieroearpum Schrader. — Dicranum Schr.; Racomitrium

rid. :

-Leaves as in the last; cells narrow-rectangular distinctly
sinuous. Capsule small gen. suboval; teeth partite; pedicel short.

— 240 —

Stem with short branchlets. Tufts us. green, — Dry récké E
princ. in northern alps. Eur. Sweden common, Norway, Swit- —
zer] Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun; Waghorne. Us
104. Campylostelium Bryol. eur. spo
1.C.saxieola Weber et Mohr. — Dicranum W. M.; Campylo —
stelium Br. eur. | FT
Leaves from suboblong base tapering to the longer but not
much narrower sublinear obtusate acumen, crisped when dry;
lower basal cells large rectangular, the others small quadrate;
costa narrow not excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth —
red-yellow long narrow; lid long-rostrate; calyptra lobate; pedi-
cel yellow sometimes curved. Stem very short. Monoecious
with yellow male flowers at base of stem. — Rocks prine. of
sandstone, often together with Brachydontium, r. Eur. Engl.
W. A. Pearson. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

* C.strictum Solms Laubach. : ;
Pedicel finally red. »Sometimes synoecious»: Geheeb. Other-
wise not differing. — Eur. r. Portugal: Newton, com. Le Jolis. -

105. QCoseinodon Sprengel. —
A. Leaves more or less distinctly plicate above. Dioecious. —
l.C.eribrosus Hedwig. — Grimmia H.; Coscinodon Spruce. ——
Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or from subovate concave —
base slightly tapering to the involute scarcely longer gen. obtuse
acumen, not recurved; alar cells not defined, the other basal -
short-rectangular pellucid, the upper subquadrate somewhat
dusky; costa not excurrent. Perichetial leaves very much lar:
ger, more plicate, shorter-acuminate; hairpoint long, at base very —
broad. Capsule half-emergent obovate finally inclined, orange
not. striate; teeth orange cribrose (perforated as a sieve as in
the other’ species) deflexed or patent when dry. Tufts com-
pact loosely cohering about 1 c. m. high. Habit of Grimma
crinita. — Schistose and siliceous rocks. Eur. not r. Norway,
Switzerl| Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. *
* C.humilis Milde. d
Leaves somewhat narrower r. or slightly plicate; hairpoint
more rough. — Peristomial teeth sometimes less perforated.
Eur. r. France, Switzerl.! or
B. Leaves not plicate. Monoecious. : ee
2.C.Wrightii Sullivant icon. muscor. igs
Leaves very concave from subovate base abruptly narrowed
subobtusate, often crenulate above, sometimes reflexed below.
appressed when dry, erect when moist; cells short-rectangular:

— 941 —

basal larger, apical hyaline; costa excurrent to a very long
rough hairpoint. Perichetial leaves not larger. Capsule im-
mersed suboval, truncate at base; pedicel shorter; teeth purplish.
Stem very short. — Rocks r. Amer. »U. S. south. states»:
Lesq. et Jam.

3.C.Raui Austin. — C. Renauldi Cardot. j

Differs from the last: Leaves carinate narrower more distinctly
acuminate not recurved, patent when moist, gen. entire with
shorter hairpoint; costa gen. not excurrent. Capsule globose
when young, finally oval; teeth sometimes cleft. — Amer, r.
U. S.: Henry, com. Cardot.
4C ealyptratus Hooker. — Grimmia Hook; Sull. icon. m.;
Coscinodon C. Jensen (in litt); Grimmia columbica Kindb.
bull. Torr. club.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate channelled, recurved below; basal
cells subquadrate much larger than the upper; hairpoint long
rough; costa percurrent. Perichetial leaves sublinear much
longer.’ Capsule not or scarcely emergent above the hairpoints,
oblong-cylindrie smooth or slightly striate yellow or orange-
colored: lid rostrate or rostellate; annulus none; pedicel straight
or r. curved, longer than capsule. Stem 2—3 c. m. long or
shorter. Tufts dense glaucous green. — Dry alp. rocks. Amer.
Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun. U. S. Calif.: com. Macoun. (Mexico:
Fendler, herb. Sulliv., com. C. Mueller).

106. Braehystelium Reichenbach; C. M. |

A. Periehetial leaves not convolute. Peristomial teeth pa-
pillose indistinctly articulate not deflexed.

l. Ptychomitrium. Leaves plicate below, serrate above.
. Peristomial teeth us. subpartite. Plants somewhat robust. Ha-
bit of Orthotrichum (Ulota). :

II. Notarisia. Leaves not plicate, entire or slightly sinuolate.
Peristomial teeth often entire or irregularly cleft. Plants small.
Habit of Weisia. 3 ij

B. Perichetial leaves convolute. Peristomial teeth smooth
articulate, deflexed when dry.

Ill. Glyphomitrium. Leaves entire not plicate. Plants small.
i I. Ptychomitrium Bruch: ;
1.B.polyphyllum Dickson. — Bryum D.; Brachystelium Horn-

schuch,

Leaves from ovate-oblong subconcave broadly recurved base
Somewhat abruptly tapering to a long carinate nearly subulate
acumen, incurved or nearly straight when moist; outer basal

— 242 —

cells -short-rectangular, the. inner narrower, the alar brown; |
costa scarcely percurrent. Capsule oblong; teeth reddish below, |
yellowish in upper half; pedicel flexuous or arcuate’ when —
young and moistened; calyptra not long. Spores about 0,01 m. -
m. — Rocks and stonewalls. Eur. not r. in southern distr, ©
France, Switzerl.! Norway: R. Hartman. Spain: Levier. i
2.B.Gardneri Lesquereux. — Ptychomitrium Lq.; Brachystelium
Kindb. : po
Differs from the last: Leaves wholly carinate gradually acu- -
minate less distinctly plicate, falcate when moist; outer basal
cells subquadrate. Capsule subcylindric; teeth blood-red; pe
dicel not flexuous. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Ma- —
coun. U. S: Howell and Henderson, com. Cardot. E
II. Notarisia Hampe. dern
neve Kunze. — Macromitrium Kunze; Brachystelium
mdbion
Leaves entire not involute, from short concave base contrac- d
ted to the broad-subulate channelled or rear apex carinate —
acumen, gen. acute; cells of acumen nearly opake, the margi-
nal. basal often subquadrate; other basal cells rectangular also -
pellucid, the inner not much narrower, the lowest larger often —
yellowish prine. the alar; costa distinct nearly to apex. Cap:
sule oblong with indistinct neck; pedicel rigid. Spores 0,02 ;
m. m. — Rocks r. Eur. Portugal: Solms Laubach, com. Na-
thorst (Teneriffa, com. Husnot), i em
* B.Drummondii Hooker et Wilson. — Grimmia H. W.
Brachystelium C. M.; Ptychomitrium Sull. ic. m. d
. . Capsule oval. Leaves not reflexed at base, sometimes slightly
sinuolate near apex. — Trees r. Amer. U. S. south. st.: Lang
lois, com. Cardot. | di
4.B.ineurvum Schwegrichen. — Weisia Schw.; Brachystelium -
C. M.; Ptychomitrium: Sull. ic. m. reip
Leaves entire, from short concave base contracted to the
sublinear involute and at borders thickened acumen, gen, obtuse;
cells of acumen opake, the lower basal rectangular hyaline;
costa faint above. Capsule oval with short or indistinct neck;
pedicel often curved when moistened. Spores about 0,01 m. m.
Smaller than the last. — Rocks princ. of sandstone, r. Amer.
x S: Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. »Can.: Macoun»: Lesq.
am. EE
* B.glyphomitrioides Balsamo. et Notaris. — Grimmia B. e
N.; Brachysteleum C. M.; Ptychomitrium pusillum Br. eur.

"S

-Leaves more distinctly involute and subcucullate. Peristomial
teeth often split. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano!
5.B.pygmeum Lesq. et Jam. — Ptychomitrium: L. J.; Brachy-
stelium Kindb. ;

: »Leaves linear from ovate base; costa vanishing far below

. apex. Capsule oval; neck a third as long; teeth joined in

. pairs at base, sometimes connate their whole length; calyptra

covering the capsule to its base. Plants very small. — O

stones (?), Amer. U. S: E. Hall»: Lesq. et Jam. Mi
IIL Glyphomitrium Bridel.

6.B.Daviesii Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Brachysteliam Kindb.

Leaves narrow sublinear not or slightly reflexed below, from

suboblong not well-defined base gradually tapering to a long
. subulate carinate acumen; nearly all cells quadrate not opake:
= only the lowest rectangular not much larger; costa percurrent.
Perichetial leaves suboblong apiculate; costa subexcurrent. Cap-
sule subglobose or obovate; neck nearly half as long; teeth
broad; calyptra covering capsule; annulus none. Leaves some-
times with brood-filaments. Spores 0,03—0,04 m. m. — Ba-
. Baltic rocks r. Eur. Scotl.: Schimper. Engl: W. H. Pearson.
. Trel: Stewart, com. Le Jolis. :
E Sram Mitten. — Glyphomitrium M.; Brachystelium
indb.
: »Leaves lanceolate tapering to an acute or blunt point; bor-
. ders recurved below to middle; basal cells oblong, the angular
narrower, Perichetial leaves very broadly ovate. Capsule oval;
pedicel shorter than in the last. — Amer. r. Can.: Drummond»:
. Lesq. et Jam.

107. Drummondia Hooker, musci amer. 1828.
1.D.clavellata Schwegrichen. — Macromitrium Schw.; Drum-
mondia Hooker.

Leaves suboblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute or very
short-acuminate, carinate at least above, not distinctly involute;
cells small rotundate, the few not well-defined alar subquadrate;
Costa not wholly percurrent. Perichetial leaves nearly similar
but. with short-rectangular cells at angles near base. Capsule
subglobose-ovoid brown smooth; lid nearly flat, long-rostrate;
annulus none; pedicel short. Calyptra long-rostrate reaching
below the unripe capsule, finally concave and cucullate. Spores
Very large about 0,06 m. m. Tufts green or brown green.
Dicecious. — On trees. Amer. Can. r.: Macoun. U. 8.: Roell;
Sullivant, com. C. M.; Fitzgerald, com. Renauld,

— 944 —

2.D;eanadensis Kindb. revue bryol. 1896, — D. clavellata var.
canadensis Kindb. cat. Canad. m. ` kde

Differs from the last: Leaves gen. subobtuse, channelled,
distinctly involute at borders all around. Perichetial leaves
broader, more obtuse; nearly all cells lax and long-rectangular.
Capsule globose:a little larger; lid short-rostrate. Tufts some-
times brown. Monoecious. Nearly allied to D. obtusifolia C. —
M. from Chili. — On trees r. Amer. Can. near lake Erie:
Macoun.

108. Seouleria Hooker. pt
" A. Leaves broad, thinly or indistinctly limbate only below. a
Peristome gen. persistent at least partly. :
1.S.aquatiea Hooker. — Grimmia Scouleri C. M. à
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, broader at base, below middle tape- 2
ring to the contracted broad point, sharply serrate to it from .
middle, blackish (or only the uppermost green) and strongly
appressed when dry; marginant cells opake very distinct; other |
cells gen. dusky thick-walled, exe. few linear not porose inner
basal. Inner perichetial leaves shorter and less dusky. Perigo-
nial leaves short suboval very obtuse. — Wet rocks r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.
2.S.Muelleri Kindb. cat. Canad. m. dite
Leaves subelliptie, broader near middle, with very short ar-
rounded broad point, sharply serrate from it to below middle,
olive green and sometimes less strongly appressed when dry;
cells subpellucid, the marginant pale orange not well-defined,
the linear inner basal numerous porose. Inner perichetia!
leaves very pellucid from short dilated entire base tapering to
a sublinear serrate acumen. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. :
distr. Brit. Col. near Revelstok 1890 and Vane. isl. 189
Macoun. T
* S.eatilliformis C. Mueller. ied
Leaves nearly entire; marginant cells dusky. Capsules un-
known. — Amer. r; U. S.: Roell, com. C. Mueller. -
3.8.Neevii C. Mueller. ge
Differs from S. Muelleri: Leaves obtusely crenulate, pate
when dry; upper cells dusky, the lower subpellucid, the ma
ginant opake, the linear inner basal few not porose. Capsul
unknown. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Se
mts 1885 and 1890: Macoun. (Determined by C. M.) ee
B. Leaves narrow thickly limbate all around. Peristome
very short and brittle soon deciduous or adhering to lid. —

— 245 —

— 48.marginata Britton.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate channelled or faintly cari-
. nate above, serrate at the obtuse acumen, blackish and nearly
. appressed when dry; nearly all cells uniform subquadrate exc.
. the outer rectangular near borders; uppermost cells more opake.
— Perichetial leaves similar but longer acuminate. — Rocks above
— the waterline r. Amer. U. S. Calif: Marshall A. Howe.

Fam. 24. Weisiacee.

109. Barbula Hedwig.
= Å. Basal tube of peristome elongate. Pedicel straight.
I. Syntrichia. Peristomial legs us. contorted.
1. Ruraliformes. Leaves us. lingulate-spathulate, with
. hairpoint (exe: B. mutica); basal cells us. long. Us. dioecious.
2. Subulateformes. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or sublinear
— lingulate without hairpoint; basal cells long. Monoecious.
8. Canescentes. Leaves ovalovate without hairpoint; basal
- cells short. Monoecious. Plants small and low.
= B. Basal tube of peristome very short or indistinct.
a. Leaves mamillose. Peristome sometimes not contorted.
Pedicel straight or curved.
IL. Timmiella. Leaves long sublinear, often serrulate above,
neither reflexed nor limbate, curled when dry; basal cells rect-
angular; costa r. excurrent. Capsule cylindric often large. :

b. Leaves papillose. Peristome not contorted. Pedicel
straight or curved. |
II Zygotrichia. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate
reflexed r. with hairpoint; basal cells large rectangular.

1. Orthopodiz. Pedicel straight. Spores about 0,02 m.
m. Leaves not limbate. :

.2. Camptopodiz. Pedicel arcuate when moist. Spores
about 0,04 m. m. Leaves broadly yellow-limbate. |
€. Leaves papillose or smooth. Peristome us. contorted.
Pedicel straight. | Be T,
caa. Capsule placed on short lateral branches. Leaves
broadly limbate below by narrow hyaline cells, serrulate above.
IV. Pleurochzste. Leaves not reflexed, eurled when dry;
costa not excurrent. Peristome much contorted. Dioecious.

bb. Capsule terminal Leaves gen. entire r. denticulate,
us. curled when dry. ! :
V. Tortella. Leaves neither reflexed nor limbate, from dila-
ted base gen. longly acuminate, without hairpoint; basal cells

— 246 —

long hyaline ascending higher at margins than the others; -
costa us. excurrent. :
VL Tortula. Leaves sometimes reflexed or limbate, gen. —
sublingulate or sublinear, sometimes with hairpoint; basal cells —
not higher ascending at margins. ;

1. Cunmeifolis. Leaves smooth not limbate without hair -
point, not or near base slightly reflexed; basal cells long.
Stem longish. Spores about 0,015 m. m.

2. Limbatz. Leaves papillose limbate (by several cell -
rows, Without hairpoint, not reflexed; basal cells long. Stem —
very short. Spores about 0,01 m. m. 3

3. Muraliformes. Leaves papillose reflexed to above middle, -
sometimes limbate by one cell-row, often "with hairpoint; basal
cells long... Spores about 0,01 m. m. Stem us. short.

4. Unguieulatz. Leaves papillose not (or only by one
cell-row) limbate, without hairpoint, not or only below the
middle reflexed; basal cells sometimes short-rectangular. Spores —
about 0,01 m. m. Stem often long. ^ :
VII. Eu-Barbula. Leaves not limbate, without hairpoint, gen.
from dilated base acuminate, us. reflexed and not large; cells
small us. short, the basal not higher ascending. Capsule small —
us. oblong. Tufts us. dense. As

1. Platyneuron. Leaves strongly revolute often nearly to —
costa, entire and: us. spirally twisted about stem, small and d
us. brownish; costa thick. Perichetial leaves sometimes shea- -
thing or subconvolute. Stem low. Dioecious. ve

2. Streblotrichum. Leaves not: or not strongly revolute,
not sheathing, r. denticulate. Perichetial leaves convolute. Pe-
dicel often yellow. ut

3. Leptobarbula. Upper (also 'perichetial) leaves sheathing
subconvolute not reflexed. Plants small. Dioecious. d
. 4. Pseudo-Didymodon. Leaves gen. (not strongly) reflexed,
r. denticulate; the perichetial not sheathing. Dioecious. ^

a. Acuteformes. Leaves (at least the perichetial) with
long-excurrent costa. MEE
;. b. Purpurezformes. Leaves neither crisped ‘nor curved,
small and us. red; costa gen. not excurrent. ey BOE ^

c. Fallaeiformes. Leaves curved us. crisped; costa i
excurrent. Annulus of the capsule us. indistinct. Tufts gree-
nish or rufescent. Lok

d. Vinealiformes. Leaves curved and crisped; costa. some:

— 947 —

times shortexcurrent. Annulus revoluble gen. broad. Tufts

greenish, rufescent or reddish.

I Syntrichia C. Mueller.
1. Ruraliformes.
A. Leaves short not distinctly carinate; lower basal cells

uniform hyaline (in .B. levipila the outer sometimes narrower
. and not hyaline); hairpoint often smooth, sometimes (in B. mutica)
wanting. Peristome contorted; longer than basal tube. Dioe-
cious or (B. alpina and sometimes B. levipila) monoecious.
Stem not high. | |
i a. Leaves muticous nearly flat, sometimes reflexed near
ase.
1.B.mutica Lindberg. — Tortula Lindb.; Barbula Kindb.; B.
latifolia (Bruch) Br. eur.

Leaves subspathulate obtuse. Capsule large; teeth once or
twice contorted. Tufts dusky green. Often with propagula
(brood-corpuscles). . Very r. fruiting. — On base of trees r.
on stones. Eur. not r. in warmer districts. Germany! Sweden;
Lindberg; S. Hardin. Amer. r. U. S. Oregon: Roell. ;
=b. Leaves with hyaline us. short and smooth hairpoint,
involute (at least when dry) above, flat below.
2B.papillosa Wilson. — Tortula Wile; Barbula C. M.

Leaves subspathulate or short-lingulate obtuse. Capsule very
. small; teeth faintly contorted. Tufts dusky or brownish green.
= Often with propagula. »Fruiting only in Australia»: Braith-
= waite, — On trees princ. in warmer distr. Eur. less r. Switzerl.!;
. Roel. Norway: E. Nyman. Sweden: Lindberg. France: Hus-
not. Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

€. Leaves us. with hairpoint, not involute, reflexed below.

aa. Peristome not much contorted, much longer than tube.
.9.B.alpina Br. eur. :
Leaves oblong-lingulate sometimes subacute, reflexed below
` middle: the lower muticous; lower basal cells somewhat small
. and not much long; costa smooth reddish; hairpoint smooth
ted or hyaline gen. short. Tufts rusty red below. Monoecious.
= — Rocks princ. in alps r. Eur. Switzerl.! France: Philibert.
. Austria: Breidler. Sweden: A. Grape.
*B.pagorum Milde. |

»Leaves not reflexed, often with propagula. Capsules un-
re iid — Stone-walls r. Eur. Austria: Milde»: omgis

.B.brevi Lesquereux. — »B. alpina»: cat. Can, m.
Differs s ai, 5. alpina; Leaves nearly flat at borders, obtuse

— 248 —

often emarginate; hairpoint longer, sometimes denticulate. .Pe-
ristomial tube longer. Stem and pedicel very much shorter. |
Dioecious. — Amer. r. Cun. Brit. Col: Macoun. :
5.B.rotundo-emarginata C. M. et Kindb. l. c. :

Differs from B. alpina: Leaves subspathulate shorter and
broadly emarginate, more reflexed to above middle; hairpoint —
hyaline dentieulate longer. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — -
Rocks r. Amer, Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. o

bb. Peristome several times contorted, not much longer
than tube. p
6.B.levipila Bridel. — Tortula Brid.; Barbula Br. eur.

Leaves oblong-lingulate us. obtuse, nearly flat or slightly
reflexed at base; lower cells sometimes diversiform; costa brown — .
or green not denticulate but sometimes minutely papillose;
hairpoint hyaline us. smooth. Capsule long cylindric. Tufts
us. olive-green. Sometimes monoecious. — Trees prine. in -
warmer distr. Eur. not r. France, Switzerl., Italy! Sweden:
S. Hardin. Amer. r. Can.: Roell. de
7.B.brachyangia C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Differs from the last: Leaves more reflexed; costa red rough;
hairpoint pale red at least below, slightly denticulate above.
Capsule short suboblong; peristome not seen. Tufts reddish -
brown. Dioecious. — Amer. r. Can. Anticosti: Macoun. — w

B. Leaves gen. long and distinctly carinate; hairpoint den-
ticulate. Dioecious.or (B. Muelleri) synoecious. pe

à. Leaves faintly carinate; basal cells somewhat short and
wide nearly uniform, the outer often less pellucid and not
much narrower. Synoecious or polygamous. 9
8.B.Muelleri Bruch. — B. princeps C. M. | AB

Leaves long sublinear-lingulate obtuse, reflexed to above
middle, not or slightly curved when moistened; costa red nearly
smooth; hairpoint hyaline. Capsule. large; teeth twice contor-
ted. Tufts high, rusty red below. — On stone r. on trees, T.
Eur. France: Philibert. Greece: Heldreich. Italy: Arcangeli
Amer. Pacif distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: com. Cardot. |. —

b. Leaves distinctly carinate; basal cells long uniform hya-
line not porose. Dioecious. 10258044017
9.B.norvegiea F. Weber. — Syntrichia F. Web. 1804; Bar-
bula Lindb. B. aciphylla Br. eur. 1842. Td

Leaves. long. sublinear-lingulate more or. less acuminate OF
acute; costa faintly rough; hairpoint red nearly smooth. — On

— 249 —

stone in alps. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl., Spain! Sweden:
Lindberg. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
10.B.pseud-aciphylla Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 63.

Leaves long sublinear-lingulate obtuse; costa very rough above;
. hairpoint red only at base or in upper half. Capsule narrower
_ than in the last; peristome not seen. — Rocks in alp. region

r. Amer. Brit. Col. and Rocky mts: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.
€. Leaves distinctly carinate; basal cells diversiform. Dioe-

cious.

aa. Leaves large long narrow, reflexed nearly all around,
. Us. curved when moistened.
H.B.ruralis L. — Bryum L; Barbula Hedwig.

Leaves broadly limbate below, very papillose, us. obtuse and
sublinearlingulate; outer basal cells (prine. in elder leaves)
farrower “and porose;' costa red very rough above; hairpoint
hyaline or only at base red. Peristome red twice contorted,
gen. not shorter than tube. Tufts rusty red below. — Stones,
sand, trees and roofs. Eur. common but in alp. regions r.
. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Can. eastern districts: Macoun.

. *B.ruraliformis Bescherelle.

; Leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate acuminate or acute with defluent
- hairpoint. Tufts brown. — Sandy places r. Eur. Sweden!
. France: Le Jolis. Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot.

. *B.alaskana Kindb. n. subsp. :

. Leaves long-attenuate subacute. Peristome faintly twisted
= Shorter than tube. Tufts brown, green above. —- Amer. r. Can.:
J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. | ;

— *Brubicundula Kindb. n. subsp. |

. ` Leaves shorter, all red; the lower with very short red point;
a costa less rough. Habit of B. alpina. — Calcareous rocks r.
_ Eur, Sweden in island Oeland! |

. 12.B-megalocarpa Kindb. bull. Torr. club. é
Differs from B. ruralis: Leaves us. larger, often short-acumi-
. nate acute, less reflexed above; outer basal cells golden yellow
and narrower than the inner; hairpoint often red in lower half.
.. Capsule larger; peristome faintly contorted, shorter than tube.
. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col and Cypress hills: Macoun.
. US: Roel: E :

. 13.B.submegalocarpa Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 64.

= Differs from B. ruralis: Leaves longer narrow and less reflexed
above; from broader base attenuate or sublinear; outer basal

cells golden yellow not porose; hairpoint often red d
1

— 250 —

lower half. Peristome faintly contorted, shorter than tube. — .
Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. $; —
Roell. ;
14.B.eviuseula Kindb. cat. Canad. musci. [d
Leaves narrowly limbate below, sublinear-lingulate obtuse, |
nearly smooth at the borders, not much twisted when dry; the —
outer marginal cells in 1 or 2 rows hyaline, inner marginal in
2 or 3 rows yellow porose and longer; costa red-brown smooth
or indistinctly papillose, more rough near apex; hairpoint gen.
wanting, in uppermost leaves denticulate long hyaline or at —
base red. Capsule narrower than in B. »wralis; peristome pale
red much contorted and very much longer than tube; pedicel -
very thin and not long. Tufts high brown. — Rocks r. Amer. -
Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. die |
bb. Leaves somewhat short and less reflexed, not or scarcel,
eurved when moistened. E:
15.B.montana Esenbeck. — Syntrichia Es.; Barbula Kindb; |
Syntrichia intermedia Brid.; Barbula Milde. Das s
Leaves sublinear-lingulate broadly limbate below gen.reflexed —
to above middle; upper cells smaller than in B. ruralis; costa
*brown-red less rough; hairpoint of upper leaves us. very long
denticulate or r. short. Peristome us. twice contorted. Tufts —
olive-green, lower than in B. ruralis.— Stones princ. calcareous, —
Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl| Engl: Rogers. Greece: Hauss-
knecht. Amer. r. U. S.: Roell. [
16.B.pulvinata Juratzka. — B. danica M. F. Lange; B. lato —
excisa C. M. et Kindb. l. c. | Ho
Leaves somewhat small sublingulate narrowly limbate below —
by pale green cells, often nearly flat or slightly reflexed; costa -
nearly smooth us. brown; hairpoint thin faintly rough not long.
Capsule somewhat small; teeth once contorted. Tufts brown-
green us. not high. — On trees or r. on stones. — Eur. not.
r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun;
* B.papillinervis C. M. et Kindb. l. c. dat s
Upper leaves subacute; costa reddish more papillose. Cap-
sule short suboblong. — Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. —
* B.leptotricha C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. I
Leaves with nearly smooth hairpoint. — Amer. r Can.:

2. Subulateformes. Bul.
A. Leaves us. not reflexed; costa smooth us. excurrent.
Peristome shorter than tube. » He

— 251 —

17.B.subulata L. — Bryum L.; Barbula Beauvois.

- Leaves suboblong-lingulate or sublanceolate often limbate us.
obtusate papillose with yellowish point of costa. Capsule
large. Tufts us. green. — On earth. Eur. common below alps.
Sweden, France, Switzerl.! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun.

* B.angustata Wilson. — Tortula Wils.; Barbula Schimper.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate acuminate acute; costa long-excurrent.

— Eur. not common. Sweden, Switzerl! Amer. Can.: Macoun.
18.B.mueronifolia Schwegrichen. — Tortula Schw.; Barbula
Br. eur.
: Leaves suboblong obtusate smooth not limbate, smaller than
in B. subulata, sometimes with reddish point. Differs also in smaller
capsule and shorter peristomial tube. — Alp. rocks. Eur. not
r. Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun;
Fowler,

B. Leaves reflexed nearly all around; costa papillose gen.
pereurrent. Peristome longer than tube.
19.B.inermis Montagne. — Tortula Mont.; Barbula C. M.

- Leaves oblong-lingulate papillose not limbate gen. subobtuse.
Tufts brown-green. — Stone in warmer distr. r. Eur. Germany:
Herpell. France: Husnot. Spain: Dieck, com. Roell Amer.
»U. 8.»: Lesq. et Jam.
3. Canescentes.

20.B.canescens Bruch. :

Leaves oval-ovate short-acuminate or subacute papillose not
limbate, reflexed nearly all around; costa papillose long-excur-
rent. Capsule not large; teeth red twice contorted. — Earth
on rocks r. Eur. in warmer distr. France: Husnot; Le Jolis.
Germany: Herpell. Greece: Orphanides.
21.B.Guepini Schimper. — Desmatodon Br. eur.

Leaves subovate short-acuminate acute very small slightly
reflexed below. Capsule smaller than in the last with larger.
spores and shorter peristomial tube; teeth half-twisted red or

whitish. — Earth x. Bur: France: Bescherelle.: Amer. »U. Sa:

Lesq. et Jam. i ;
. JI. Timmiella Notaris.

A. Leaves with not excurrent costa, often serrulate above.
22.B.anomala Br. eur. — Trichostomum Schimp. bonne

Leaves large subacute. Capsule large long oblong-cylindric;
teeth red once contorted; annulus narrow; pedicel red. Stem
not high, nearly naked below. Tufts dusky or yellowish green.
Monoecious or r. synoecious. — On earth and stone-walls r.

— 252 —

k

Eur. princ. in Mediterr. distr. Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi.
Italy: E. Adlerz. Greece: Heldreich. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can:
Macoun. ao
23.B.lusitanica Bridel. — Tortula Brid.; Barbula Kindb.; Tri -
chostomum Barbula Schwægrichen. oo

Leaves large acute or short-acuminate. Capsule as in the |
last; teeth red not or slightly twisted; annulus none; pedicel
red, pale above. Paroecious or monoecious. Resembles the —
last. — On stones r. Eur. princ. in Mediterr. distr. Switzerl.!
Portugal: Levier. France: Anthouard.
24.B.flexiseta Bruch. — Trichostomum Bruch; Barbula Kindb.;
Trichostomum flexipes Br. eur; Husnot m. Gall. vm

Smaller than the both last. Leaves acute often short-acu-
minate. Capsule short oblong-cylindric; teeth pale yellow not
twisted; annulus broad; pedicel pale above, often deflexed.: Tufts
low green. Dioecious. — On earth r.i Eur. »Portugal and
Sardinia»: Schimper. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

B. Leaves with excurrent costa.
25.B.vancouveriensis Brotherus. — Timmiella Broth.; Barbula
Kindb.; Trichostomum Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves acute longer than in the last, dentieulate to below
middle. Capsule cylindric; teeth pale not twisted; annulus
broad; pedicel yellowish flexuous. Tufts pale green about 3
c. m. high. Dioecious. —- Earth r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl: ——
Macoun; Roell, com. Brotherus. dr n

III. Zygotrichia.

1. Orthopodiz. : i
26.B.latifolia Hedwig. — Dicranum H.; Barbula Kindb.; Tor -
tula Lindb.; Desmatodon Br. eur. aet

Leaves reflexed nearly all around, short-acuminate or sub-
obtuse, sometimes with yellowish point; costa gen. not percur-
rent. Capsule us. erect suboblong, sometimes broader or nat
rower; teeth orange-red not or slightly twisted. — Earth in
alp. regions. Eur. common. Norway, Switzerl| Amer, not T.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. | - i
*B.brevicaulis Bridel. — Desmatodon Brid.; Barbula Kindb.

Capsule slightly inclined; lid often systylic. Stem short. Bur.
Norway! tamos E S
* B.glacialis Funck. — Desmatodon Funck; Barbula Kindb.

Leaves piliferous; costa abbreviate. Stem high. + Eur.
Norway! France: Husnot, Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren. »Rocky
mts»: Lesq. et Jam. i 0068

=a

27.B.subereeta Drummond. — Tortula Drum.; Barbula Kindb.;
Desmatodon obliquus Br. eur. i

Leaves not reflexed in upper third, gen. ovate-oblong acu-
minate acute; costa long-excurrent. Capsule subcylindric slightly
inclined or erect; teeth nearly once or half-twisted pale red.
Stem very short. — Rocks in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway!
Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond 145.

2. Camptopodie.
28.B.Laureri Schultz. — Trichostomum Schz.; Barbula Kindb.;
Tortula Lindb.; Desmatodon Br. et Sch; Tortula bryoides
* Drummond.

Leaves oval-oblong or oblong-lingulate sometimes acute, sub-
pellucid, reflexed all around; costa short-excurrent. Capsule
oblong; teeth half-twisted. — Crevices of rocks in alp. regions
r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can: Macoun; Drummond 135.

IV. Pleurochete Lindberg.
29.B.squarrosa Bridel.

Leaves large ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate nearly subulate,
squarrose when moist. Capsule subcylindric; pedicel long. Tufts
eradiculose pale green or yellowish. Very r. fruiting. — Cal-
careous rocks prine. in warmer districts r. Eur. Switzerl.! Nor-

. way: Ryan. Greece: Heldreich. France: Husnot. Amer. »U.
= S.» Lesq. et Jam.

V. Tortella C. Mueller. | a

A. Leaves rigid very brittle, the lower not crisped. Dioecious
r. fruiting.
30.B.fragilis Drummond. — Didymodon Drum.; Barbula
Wilson.

Leaves. long long-acuminate nearly subulate; costa long-ex-
current, Capsule subcylindric somewhat large; teeth red much
contorted; pedicel long often very thin. Tufts yellowish green
often high. — Wet earth princ. in alps. Eur. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl,! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne; Drummond 142.
31.B.nitida Lindberg. — Tortula Lindb.; Barbula Juratzka;
Trichostomum Schimper. 1
. . Leaves sublinear short-acuminate acute shorter than in the
. last; costa short-excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindrie; teeth
yellow: rudimentary not twisted. Tufts yellowish or blackish
brown below, often not high. — Prine. on calcareous rocks, r.
Eur. Switzerl.! Engl.: Rogers. Irel.: Holt. Italy: Bottini. Bel-
gium: Gravet. Amer. Can.: Macoun. abr ‘

B. Leaves us. crisped and soft (in B. tortuosa sometimes

— 254 —

brittle); costa short-excurrent. Dioecious or (B. cespitosa) mon- .
oecious. "m
."&« Lower leaves very small, the upper suddenly much lar-
ger. Peristome not or slightly twisted. Tufts low yellowish
green. B.
32.B.flavovirens Bruch. — Trichostomum Bruch; Barbula Kindb.;
Tortula Lindb. |
Leaves shorter than in B. tortuosa; the upper from broader
base sublinear short-acuminate gen. obtuse; costa subpercurrent.
Capsule suboblong or subcylindric; teeth dark red not twisted;
pedicel red-yellow. — Calcareous rocks r. Eur. prine. in Me-
diterr. distr. France: Schimper. Italy: Arcangeli; Bottini. Engl: —
Holt. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. 3
* B.viridiflava Notaris. — Trichostomum Not.; Barbula Kindb. — .
Leaves shorter and not crisped; costa narrower and longer.
excurrent. Capsule shorter; teeth orange. =—— Eur. r. Italy: —
Forsyth, com. Levier. a
&3.B.inflexa Bruch. — Trichostomum Bruch; Barbula Kindb.; ——
Tortula Lindb. . 75
Differs from the last: Upper leaves incurved at apex; costa
excurrent to an hyaline point. Capsule suboblong; teeth red
slightly twisted; pedicel yellow above, — Calcareous rocks T.
Eur. Italy: Venturi.
' b. Leaves gradually larger upwards. Peristome us. con- -
torted. ' . |
34.B.tortuosa L. — Bryum L.; Barbula Weber et Mohr.
Leaves. gen. long longly acuminate and nearly subulate,
r. shorter and brittle; costa very short-excurrent. Capsule -
oblong-eylindrie or subcylindric; teeth red us. several times ——
contorted; pedicel yellow above. Tufts us. high and yellowish —
green. — Rocks prine. calcareous. Eur. common. Sweden,
Norway, Switzerl| Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun: E
. »Trichostomum Bambergeri Schimper. — Leaves brittle sub- —
linear or the upper long-acuminate subulate, sometimes broader —
acuminate with some teeth and large hyaline cells at apex. ——
Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth red not twisted. Stone-walls r.
Eur. Austria: Bamberger and Breidler»: Limpricht. — A doubt-
ful species, »Didymodon mutabilis var.»: Venturi et Bottini. -
ae Hedwig fil. — Tortula H. fil; Barbula Schws- -
grichen. | ! o
Leaves shorter than in B. tortuosa, from broader base sub- a
linear gen. obtusate or sometimes cucullate at apex. Capsule

B ONE UU nie

~ ME d.

shorter, suboblong often curved; teeth red less contorted; pedi-
cel yellow above, Tufts dense yellowish green or brown not
high. — Calcareous earth. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.!
Greece: Heldreich. France: Boulay.

36.B.inelinatula C. M. et Kindb. 1l. c.

Leaves as in the last but nearly straight when moist and
more involute above; the perichetial whitish much broder.
Capsule narrow-cylindric not large, nearly straight; teeth much
contorted. Tufts loosely cohering about 0,5 c. m. high. —
Sandy soil in alps r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
37.B.cespitosa Schwegrichen. — B. cirrata Bruch. ;
< Differs from B. tortuosa: Monoecious. Leaves shorter, less
narrowly or longly acuminate; their hyaline basal part often
denticulate above; costa more distinctly excurrent. Capsule
smaller; pedicel shorter and thinner, flexuous and yellow, finally
reddish. Tufts low often not cohering. —- On earth and at
base of trees r. Eur. France! Spain: Dieck, com. Roell. Amer.
. Can.: Macoun. U. S: Langlois, com. Cardot.

VI. Tortula Bridel, in part.
1. Cuneifoliz.

38.B.euneifolia Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Barbula Brid.
Leaves subovate-suboblong or suboval, obtuse or acute and
not reflexed: the upper nearly crisped when dry; costa green
excurrent to a smooth nearly hyaline often long point. Cap-
sule suboblong; teeth dark purplish scarcely more than once
contorted. Tufts green higher than in B. muralis. Monoecious.
— Rocks in warmer districts r. Eur. Engl: Curnow. France:
. Husnot. Greece: Heldreich. Amer. Can.: Macoun (>B. Vahlii»
. eat. Can. m.)
39.B.subeuneifolia Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. i
"Leaves suboval-ovate sometimes acute or apiculate, slightly
reflexed below, larger than in the last and not crisped; costa
not excurrent finally red-brown. Capsule as in the last; peri-
stomial tube more prominent. Monoecious. — Arctic. Pacif.
distr. r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
40.B.Garberi Lesq. et Jam. — Desmatodon L. J.; Barbula
Kindb.
. 3leaves oblong or lingulate-lanceolate obtuse inflexed above;
. cells scarcely papillose; costa percurrent. Capsule oblong-oval;
. teeth partite. Habit of Trichostomum arenaceum. Dioecious. —
Amer, r, U. S.»: Lq. et Jam. |

— 256 —

2. Limbate. ds. H

A. Leaves limbaty by yellow narrow-rectangular cells.
41.B.marginata Br. eur. — Tortula Spruce. |

Leaves suboblong gen. acute; costa somewhat longly excurrent.
Peristome once contorted. — Sandstone-walls and roadsides in
warmer districts r. Hur. France: Philibert; Bouvet. Portugal: —
Levier. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. MEC
* B.limbata Lindberg. — Tortula Lindb.

»Leaves larger, broader limbate. — Zur. r. Italy: Rabenhorst»:
Husnot muscol. Gall.

* B.Egelingi Schliephacke.

»Leaves smaller, not narrowed at base, broader limbate by
larger cells. Capsule smaller. — Amer. r. U. S. Tennessee: 5
Egeling»: C.-M. in Flora 1887. 5

B. Leaves limbate by subquadrate us. hyaline cells.
42.B.Solmsii Schimper.

Leaves oval-oblong gen. obtuse; costa somewhat longly ex- -
current. Peristome twice contorted. — Eur, r. »Portugal: Solms .
Laubach»: Schimper (Madeira: Fritze, com. Levier.)

43.B.Porteri James. — Desmatodon Jam.; Barbula Kindb. — —
Leaves oblong-lanceolate short-acuminate acute, the lower with *

yellow marginal cells; costa percurrent. Peristome half-twisted.

— Rocks r. Amer. Can.; Macoun.

* B.subearnifolia C. M. et Kindb. l. c. ! Ax
Leaves gen. oblong, less distinctly limbate above; costasome

times short-excurrent. Peristome faintly twisted. — Amer. T. —

Can. Pelw. island: Macoun.

3. Muraliformes.

A. Leaves somewhat large. Tufts us. loose.
44.B.muralis L. — Bryum L.; Barbula Timm. ;

Leaves sublinear or oblong-lingulate obtuse, reflexed to the - 1
hairpoint, often limbate by one cell-row; upper cells opake; —
costa us. excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth reddish a
2 or 3 times contorted; annulus double. Tufts us. glaucous —
green and very loose. Us. monoecious. — Stones, stone-walls d
and roofs. Eur. nearly common in lower districts. Sweden —
Germany, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. —
* B.estiva Schultz.

Leaves long lanceolate-lingulate subacuminate green; costa
Short-exeurrent or subpercurrent. Peristome gen. once Lm
Us. dioecious, — Eur. not r, Sweden, Switzerll.. .. 5 74

So M
Fy ET TE F

bye
EU

— 257 —

* B.ticinensis Kindb. revue bryol. 1892. io

Leaves short oblong-lingulate or subspathulate brown-green;
costa short-excurrent. Capsule oblong. Peristome “gen. ‘once
contorted. —- Schistose siliceous rocks. Hur. Switzer]. near
Lugano!

B. Leaves small, less reflexed. Tufts densely cohering;
45.B.obtusifolia Schleicher. — Tortula Schl.; Barbula Schwe-
grichen; Desmatodon.Jur.; D. flavicans Br. eur.

Leaves short oblong-lingulate. obtuse not reflexed in. upper
third, smaller than.in B. muralis and not limbate; upper cells
opake; costa percurrent or very slightly excurrent. Capsule
suboval. or oblong; teeth short. brown-red scarcely once contor-
ted; tube sometimes well-distinct; annulus double. Tufts green
somewhat dense. Us. monoecious. — Rocks in higher. alp.
region r, .Eur. Switzerl. 1750. metr. a, sea! Italy: Philibert
(Asia, Caucase: Brotherus) . Amer. Can. Drummond 115, com,
Macoun, |
46.B.Bolenderi Lesquereux. — B. carnifolia C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Upper leaves lanceolate-lingulate obtuse. or subacute, not
reflexed in upper third, not limbate; upper cells subpellucid
faintly papillose; costa not or slightly excurrent. Capsule
suboblong; teeth once contorted; annulus simple persistent. Tufts

. dirty green. Dioecious. Resembles B. muralis *~pstiva, —
— Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: M. A. Howe, com. Cardot.
RDUM 4. Unguiculate. |
A. Annulus of capsule double. Leaves often limbate by
. one cell-row... Monoecious. : groldo
— 4T1JB.Yahlii Schultz. — Tortula Wilson; Braithwaite. ^.
E Upper leaves sublinear or oblong-lanceolate obtuse, slightly
and partly or not reflexed, subpellucid faintly papillose above;
costa long.excurrent. Capsule subcylindric; teeth twice contor-
ted; tube distinct. Tufts yellowish green. Resembles) B. cunet-
folia and B. muralis,.— Damp clay soil in warmer districts r,
Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. .
-B. Annulus not distinct. Leaves not limbate. . Dioecious.
a. Perichetial leaves not sheathing. ioa
48.B.unguiculata: Hudson. — Bryum Huds.; Barbula Hedwig.
Leaves obtusate at apex (obtuse or subacute) reflexed below
middle, sublinear or subovate-oblong or broadly oblong-lanceolate,

Süberect. when: moist; upper cells opake; the basal narrow-rec-
angular; costa us. excurrent:r.. percurrent. Perichetial leaves

— 958 —

acute; costa excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindrie; teeth much
contorted. Tufts dirty green sometimes high. — Earth and
stone. Eur. common. Sweden, Italy etc.! Greece: Heldreich. —
Amer. not r. Can: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Sullivant, .
com. C. M. B

49.B.Cruegeri Sonder.

Differs from the last: Leaves patent when moist; basal cells
short-rectangular; costa very slightly excurrent; only the inner-
most periehetial leaves acute and very short with not excurrent
costa. — On earth r. Amer. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot .
(Cuba: Wright, herb. Sullivant, com. C. Mueller). :

b. Perichetial leaves half-sheathing. All leaves obtuse; costa
not excurrent. 2
50.B.amplexa Lesquereux.

Leaves short suboval or short-lingulate, reflexed near base;
basal cells rectangular. Perichetial leaves longer. Capsule sub-
cylindric; teeth once contorted. Stems very short not tufted. a
— Amer. r. U. S.: Boleender, com. C. Mueller; Howe, com. _
Cardot. »Can.: Drummond»: Macoun.

| VII. Eu-Barbula. —
1. Platyneuron Kindb. SON gue

A. Leaves us, doubly revolute. Peristome us. contorted.
51,.B.Hornschuchii Schultz.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute, revolute to apex and —
often nearly to the excurrent costa. Perichetial leaves larger, -
suboblong revolute not sheathing; costa long-excurrent. Capsule
oblong-cylindric; teeth much contorted. — On earth r. Bur. —
Belgium: Roemer. France: Brébisson; Berthoumieu. Sweden: —
J. Persson.
52.B.revoluta Schrader. — Tortula. Sehrad.; Barbula Brid. `

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate subobtuse, revolute to apex
and nearly to costa; prominent lamina very narrow; costa per-
current or slightly excurrent often broader above. Periehetial —
leaves half-sheathing subconvolute; costa not excurrent. Cap-
sule oblong-oval; teeth nearly twice contorted. Tufts dense. —
Princ. on calcareous stonewalls. Eur. in lower and warmer
districts. France! Italy: E. Adlerz. Germany: Herpell Spain: —

NCC ene Ee HII IRR

Levier.

* B.obtusula Lindberg, | bite
Perichetial leaves more open. »Peristome slightly or not

twisted»: Lindb. — Eur. r. Germany: Goll, »Sweden»: Li

— 259 —

53.B.platyneura C. M. et Kindbi l- e.' T
Differs - from B. revoluta: Leaves shorter, ovate-oblong acute;

costa distinctly excurrent.. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r.
| Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. i
54.B.revolvens Schimper. — Desmatodon Husnot m, G.

Leaves oval-oblong obtusate us. obtuse, revolute nearly to
apex; prominent lamina somewhat broad; costa scarcely excur-
rent not broader above. Perichetial leaves sheathing not revo-
lute. “Capsule oblong; teeth once contorted. Tufts loose. —
Stonewalls r. Eur. France; Philibert.

"B. Leaves simply not spirally revolute. Peristome half-
twisted. WoL ee
55.B.atrovirens Smith. — Grimmia Sm.; Barbula Schimper;
Desmatodon nervosus Br. eur.

Leaves oblong-linear or suboval obtusate, revolute nearly to
apex; prominent lamina broad; costa broader above us. short-
excurrent, ^ Perichetial leavés similar; the innermost one shor-
ter, neither revolute not sheathing. Capsule suboval. Tufts
loose, — On stone in warmer distr. r. — Eur. France: Le Jolis.
Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. 7
56 B.subtorquescens C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Differs from the last: Leaves less opake and more obtuse
not revolute near apex; prominent lamina broader; costa gen.
. percurrent not broader above. Capsule cylindric. Tufts some-
. what higher, very compact. — Rocks r. Amer. Can Gaspe
. Coast and Assa: Macoun. i

9. Streblotrichum Palisot de Beauvois. .

A. Pedicel yellow. Spores small. Dioecious.
a. Peristome much contorted; annulus revoluble, Leaves
. papillose entire narrow, crisped; basal cells short-rectangular hya-
. line; costa not excurrent. Tufts us. low.
. 57.B.convoluta Hedwig. — B. Closteri Austin ? if
Leaves sublinear or oblong-lanceolate obtusate gen. not reflexed:

perichetial nearly nerveless with short point. Capsule oblong;
lid shorter. — On earth. Eur. common below alp. regions.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl. Amer. Can.: Macoun. à
* B.commutata Juratzka. — Trichostomum undatum Schimper.
: Stem higher. Leaves narrow-lanceolate much longer: peri-
. chetial broadly acuminate. Capsule larger. — Wet calcareous
rocks: also-in alps r. Eur. SwitzerLl Engl: Burgess. Belgium:

er.

— 260 —

58.B.chrysopoda C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. mrlsiq bon.
Differs from B. convoluta: Leaves gen. obtuse: perichetial
much broader, truncate or broadly arrounded at apex. Cap |
sule shorter than lid. — On earth r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.
Brit. Col.: Macoun; Vane. isl.: Macoun; Roell. IRIS
59.B flavipes Bryol. eur. ;
Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute reflexed nearly all
around: perichetial subulate-acuminate. Capsule ovate-oblong;
lid much shorter. — Calcareous places in alpsr. Eur. Switzerl! —
Austria: Breidler. i
vb, Peristome not twisted; annulus revoluble. Leaves ma —
millose not crisped; cells gen. subquadrate: lower basal rect
angular; costa long-excurrent.. Tufts to 2 c. m. high. fc
60.B.chloropus Bridel. — Ceratodon Brid.; Barbula Kindb. ©
Lower leaves subovate; the upper ovate-lanceolate attenuate
not reflexed.. Perichetial leaves convolute with subulate point. —
Capsule, erect. suboblong. striate when dry; lid shorter; teeth |
reddish yellow. Tufts dense. — On earth r. Eur. France; Schim- -
per; Philibert. ! : apol
B. Pedicel red. mho
ne Leaves entire reflexed nearly all around, Stem very
short, nit -
61.B.helvetica Kindb. bull, Soc. botan. ital. 1895. de
Leaves smooth ovate-oblong or broadly. ovate-lanceolate acu-
minate acute; cells subquadrate subhyaline; costa percurrent or |
slightly excurrent. Inner perichetial leaves convolute obtuse -
or with short obtusate point; costa faint not percurrent. Cap-
sule not seen; pedicel red, Dioecious. — Eur. Switzerl.: L. Mari. -
b. Leaves not reflexed. Stem elongate. Dioecious,
62.B.paludosa Schleicher. — »Tortula crocea Bridel»: Lindb.
Leaves papillose sublinear-lanceolate broadly acuminate acute,
denticulate above (at least the perichetial) not or slightly twi -
sted when dry; basal cells long yellowish; costa pereurrent OF -
slightly exeurrent, in perichetial leaves distinctly exeurrent. —
Capsule oblong striate when dry; lid rostrate; teeth much con-
torted; annulus none. Stem reddish-tomentose often with pro-
pagula. Resembles somewhat Dichodontium. — Wet calcareous
rocks. Eur. prine. in southern districts. Switzerll Austria:
M. Huss; Venturi: France: Husnot. ait
63.B.corsiea Schimper: — Ceratodon Sch.; Barbula Kindb. -
Leaves faintly papillosé narrowl y ovate-lanceolate gradual
subsubulate, entire, crisped when dry; cells subquadrate:

— 261 —

short-rectangular; costa not excurrent. Perichetial leaves con-
volute. with short broad obtuse point; costa not excurrent, —
Capsule suboblong; lid rostellate; teeth ^ half-twisted with
. patent points when dry; annulus broad. Tufts dense. Habit
. of Ceratodon. —- Sterile siliceous places r. Hur. Mediterr. distr.
. Italy: Areangeli. France: Goulard. i00] . 10
. €. Leaves entire not or indistinctly reflexed. Stem very short.
aa. Leaves papillose. Peristome rudimentary or wanting:
64.B.bieolor Br. eur. — Gymnostomum Br. eur; Barbula
. Lindb. 5: He
. "Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute marked with orange
Stripes at base; basal cells short-reetangular yellow or brown-
_ yellow; costa’ pereurrent or short-excurrent. Capsule oblong-
. eylindric plicate when dry; annulus revoluble. Spores large.
. Tufts dense. Dioecious. — Crevices of calcareous rocks in
_ higher alp. reg. r. Eur. Switzerl: Schimper; Culmann.
= bb. Leaves gen. smooth. Peristome much contorted.
05.B.agraria Hedwig. — Bryum Swartz.: `
— Leaves subovate acute subinvolute, slightly twisted when dry;
cells rhombie-quadrate somewhat large; costa subexcurrent.
erichetial leaves broader, short-acuminate or. obtusate, not
wholly convolute; costa not percurrent. Capsule narrow-c lin-
dric; lid nearly as long; annulus revoluble. Stem nearly indi-
stinct. Monoeċious. -— Rocks and sand r. Amer. »U. 8.»:
Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba! Wright, herb. Sullivant, com. C. Mueller;
S:t "Thomas: Breutel, com. Roell). di
66.B.Raui Austin. :
»Leaves smooth spathulate-ovate acuminate or apiculate;
basilar areolation loose; costa subexcurrent. Perichetial leaves
convolute often blunt; costa thin. Capsule oblong:cylindrie
Plicate when dry; lid long; annulus narrow. Dioeeious. —
Rocks r. Amer. U. 8.»: Lesq. et J.
67.B.Joorii C. Mueller in Flora 1875. IW Ed
»Leaves nearly smooth from oblong half-sheathing base linear-
lanceolate obtusate mucronulate, faintly crisped; basal ells
short-rectangular hyaline; costa excurrent. Perichetial leaves
from oblong sheathing base acuminate not mucronate. Capsule
oblong; teeth rufous; calyptra rough. Dioecious. Habit of
B, unguiculata; Stem very short. — Amer. r. U: Sui C. M:
-~ 8. Leptobarbula Schimper. PO
68.B.tenuis Hedwig. — »Trichostomum Hedwig»: €: M.; Bar-
bula Kindb.; Didymodon bericus Notaris. tbi

— 262 —

Upper leaves from sheathing base tapering to a longer and -
narrow subulate or at apex obtuse entire acumen; crisped; -
basal cells rectangular; costa nearly filling the acumen but not —
excurrent. Capsule oval-oblong erect; lid much shorter; teeth —
half-twisted; pedicel red below, yellow above. Stem short not .
or loosely tufted. Sterile plants with smaller sublinear or .
ovate-oblong obtuse leaves. -— Calcareous rocks and sandy soil -
in warmer districts r. Eur. Italy: Giordano, com. Bottini. —
Spain: Hegelmaier, com. C. Mueller. Amer. U. S. Massachusetts:
Boll, com. C. M. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. =
69.B.maerostegia Sullivant. — Trichostomum Sull. icon. muscor. —

(not mentionned in Lesq. et J. man.) Barbula: Kindb.

- Differs from the last: Leaves abruptly tapering to a some- -
what broad but attenuate obtusate acute and near apex denti- —
culate acumen. Capsule cylindric inclined or faintly curved; -
lid longer; teeth (as in B. corsica and B. sparsidens) spreading —
above. — Amer. r. »U. $.»: Sullivant. em
if 4. Pseudo-Didymodon Kindb.
: a. Acutseformes. i iu
A. Peristome wanting; annulus revoluble. Leaves faintly -
papillose, straight when moist. one
70.B.rubiginosa Mitten. E
. Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate reflexed —
below, not appressed; cells short; costa scarcely excurrent. Pe- -
richetial leaves from ovate-oblong base tapering to.a sublinear by —
costa not wholly (in lower part) filled point. Capsulesuboblong -
pale brown; pedicel not long. Tufts, greenish somewhat dense -
not high. — Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. distr. Henderson, com

Cardot.

* B.subiemadophila C. M. et Kindb. l. c - w
Leaves subpellucid above; more spreading when moist; thé
perichetial with shorter base. Peristome and annulus not seen.
— Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. —
71.B.melanocarpa C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. inde:
Differs from. B. rubiginosa: Leaves blackish brown appressed
when dry; costa more distinctly excurrent. Capsule dark brow? —
finally blackish; pedicel very long. Tufts loose. Fruiting stem —
very short. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
B. Peristome contorted. oc
a, Leaves smooth straight when moist. Peristome Once
contorted; annulus us. indistinct. idogu EP

— 263 .—

72.B.acuta Bridel. — Tortula Brid. 1806; Barbula Brid. 1819;
Tortula gracilis Schleicher 1807; Barbula Schwægrichen.

Leaves ovate-oblong entire, reflexed below and strongly re-
curved near base, patent or twisted when dry; cells short; costa
gen. short-excurrent or percurrent. Perichetial leaves suboblong
with subulate acumen; costa long-excurrent. Capsule oval-
oblong; annulus indistinct. Tufts olivaceous or green. — On
earth r. Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: C. E. Kindberg. France:
Berthoumieu. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

* B.abbreviatifolia H. Mueller.

Leaves appressed when dry; costa often longer excurrent. —
Wet alp. rocks, sometimes in running water, r. Eur. Norway!
18.B.viridis Schimper.

Leaves longer than in B. acuta, narrowly ovate-lanceolate
8ubulate-acuminate serrulate or denticulate above, reflexed below,
crisped; basal cells short-rectangular; costa somewhat long-ex-
current. Perichetial leaves as in the last. Capsule cylindric
sometimes curved; annulus revoluble. Tufts green, — Rocks
in warmer districts r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano! Belgium:
Gravet. (Asia, Syria: A. H. Brotherus.)
14.B.artocarpa Lesquereux. l

Differs from B. acuta: Upper leaves ovate-lanceolate subulate;
basal cells rectangular; costa more distinctly excurrent. Cap-
sule subcylindric. — On earth in higher alp. regions r. Amer.
U. S. Oregon mt Hood 8300 metr. a. sea: Roell. T

b. Leaves faintly papillose straight when moist. | Peristome
twice contorted; annulus distinct.
75.B.iemadophila Schimper; Braithwaite.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate reflexed below but not
strongly recurved, longer acuminate than in B. acuta, appressed
when dry; lower basal cells short-rectangular; costa long-excur-
rent. Tufts olivaceous or dark green. Capsule oval-oblong.
Very r. fruiting. — Wet alp. rocks r. Eur. France: Thériot,
com. Husnot. (Asia, Caucase: V. F. Brotherus).

€. Leaves faintly papillose or nearly smooth, curved when
moist; lower basal cells pellucid rectangular. : UT

aa. Costa of leaves subpereurrent, in the inner perichetial
long-excurrent, Peristome pale contorted. l
76.B.pseudo-rigidula Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves from short ovate base long-acuminate, reflexed below,
twisted. when dry; costa brown. Inner perichetial leaves from
oblong base narrowly acuminate. Capsule brown subcylindric.

= WE —

Tufts fuscescent. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun _
(>B. rigidula» Canadian musci n. 412). l
77.B.subgracilis C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate reflexed nearly all around, erispedor —
flexuous when dry; costa reddish. Perichetial leaves faintly
crenulate, the outer acuminate, the inner broad obtuse. Cap-
sule red-brown oblong-cylindric. Tufts green or red-brown
below. — Rocks r.. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. 8.
Montana: Roell. M ) ;

bb. Costa of leaves long-excurrent. -Capsules unknown.
78.B.Waghornei Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves. from short ovate half-sheathing base long-acuminate
acute entire, slightly reflexed above base, faintly curled when
dry; costa red. Tufts brown-red radiculose. Habit of Didy-
modon rubellus. — Amer. t. N. Foundl: Rev:d A. C. Waghorne.

x b. ‘Purpureseformes. itis
A. Leaves long sublanceolate.
79.B.purpurea C. Mueller. d

»Upper leaves gradually longer, from oblong base pes :
lanceolate subobtuse, revolute to above middle, subtorquate
when dry; cells small reddish quadrate; costa purplish’ thi k
excurrent. Capsule oval; teeth scarcely contorted; calyptra long. ——
Tufts small purple; stem short naked below. — Rocks r. U. -
S. Calif»: C. M. in Flora 1875. | oa
80.B.lateritia Kindb. n. sp. — B. brachyphylla var. angusti-
folia C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. | Madii uie

Leaves ovatelanceolate broadly acuminate subobtuse nearly
smooth, slightly reflexed or partly flat at ‘borders, crowded,
appressed when dry; cells subpellucid subquadrate; costa red vd
thick (prine. above), percurrent; Capsules unknown. Tufts
compact brick red 1—2 e. m. high. — Rocks ri Amer. Can.
Brit. Col.: Macoun: ge

B. Leaves short gen. ovate. ppc
81.B.brachyphylla- Sullivant. Aui pe LM

»Leaves ovate obtuse recurved all around; costa pereurrent. a
Capsule cylindric; lid long-rostrate; teeth scarcely half-twisted;
ealyptra short. Tufts’ dark brown dense high radiculose their —
whole length. — Amer. r. U. S.» Lesq. ét Jam -
82.B.decursivula Kindb. cat. Can. m. ane

Leaves ‘recurved nearly all around, faintly papillose, loosely
disposed and long-decurrent, subtorquate or loosely ap /
when dry, gen. ovate acute; the uppermost of stem and some

— 265 —

branches broadly ovate-lanceolate; cells short small pellucid
exc. the elongate alar; costa red not excurrent. Capsules un-
known. Tufts 2—3 c. m. high somewhat dense; stem naked
below. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.
c. Fallaciformes.

A. Peristome very much contorted, Leaves faintly papillose.
83.B.fallax Hedwig. ;

Leaves with ovate base and carinate not much longer acu-
men, reflexed at least below middle, us. curled when dry;
nearly all basal cells quadrate. Capsule brown oblong:cylindric;
annulus not distinct. Tufts us. dense and not low, often ru-
fescent below. — Earth and stone. Eur.. common. Sweden,
Switzerl., Italy! Amer. not common. Can.: Macoun.

* B.brevifolia Smith. — Tortula Sm.; Barbula Bridel.

Leaves smaller and shorter, nearly appressed. when. dry.
Capsule smaller; teeth shorter. Tufts us. low and rufescent.
— Rocks. Eur, not r. Sweden!

84.B.subfallax C. Mueller.

»Differs from B. fallax in its pale green color, basal leaf-
cells more distinctly rectangular, capsule short-pedicellate, annu-
. lus simple; perichetial leaves longer and larger. — Amer. r.
. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. 7
|B. Peristome not or faintly contorted. Leaves distinctly
papillose.
85.B.reflexa Bridel: — B. recurvifolia Schimper. — `

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate gradually subulate-acuminate
. sharply carinate, falcate when moist. Capsule subcylindric;
teeth once contorted. ‘Tufts us. brown and very high. Very
— T. fruiting. — Calcareous stones. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.!
. Engl: West. Amer. r. Can: Macoun; Drummond 139.
86.B.sparsidens C. M. et Kindb. l. c. :

Leaves small ovate-lanceolate carinate reflexed nearly all
around: lower basal cells rectangular hyaline. Capsule small
reddish oblong-cylindric; teeth loosely half-twisted with sprea-
ding points when dry. Tufts loose 0,5—1 c. m. high,
green above, ferruginous below. — On earth vr. Amer, Can.
Brit. Col.: Macoun.
87.B.semitorta Sullivant. 1
: »Upper leaves linear-lanceolate gradually tapering from. near
. thë base, flat at borders, tufted and squarrose; costa thick

percurrent. Capsule. cylindric-oblong; - teeth half-twisted; you

— 266 —

lus very narrow not revoluble. Plants short simple loosely
cespitose. — Amer. r. U. S8.»: Lesq. et Jam. 9x5
88.B.spadicea Mitten.

Leaves channelled with short ovate base and longer acumen,
reflexed below middle; lowest basal cells short-rectangular. Cap-
sule. cylindric; teeth short nearly straight. Tufts brown-green —
or fuscous not low. — On stone r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.!
Engl: Whitehead. Germany: Schliephacke. Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun.

* B.Zetterstedtii Schimper. — Didymodon Sch.; Barbula Kindb.;
B. vaginata Lindb.

Leaves larger very acute, the perichetial half-sheathing. Cap-
sules not seen. Resembles Didymodon rigidulus. — Rocks r.
Eur. Sweden!; J. E. Zetterstedt; Lindberg.

d. Vinealiformes. "mi

A. Leaves reflexed all around; cells very pellucid. Plants
small.
89.B.virescens Lesquereux. Bis

Leaves small broadly ovate-lanceolate nearly smooth; cells —
gen. short well-distinct, the upper round-oval not confluent.
Capsule small cylindric; teeth contorted. Tufts green dense -
about 1 c. m. high. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S. Calif. near Oak-
land: Bolender, com. C. Mueller. B

B. Leaves partly flat at borders, Plants. us. high and —
robust. ; gig

a. Upper leaf-cells opake confluent very papillose.

aa. Leaf-base long ovate-lanceolate; costa not excurrent. =
90.B.cylindriea Taylor. — Zygotrichia Tayl; Barbula Sehimp. —

Leaves large entire with long narrow acumen, crisped; 2
cells short-rectangular. Perichetial leaves gradually acuminate;
costa subexcurrent. Capsule reddish cylindric; teeth once coh
torted. Tufts rusty red us. high. Very r. fruiting in Europe. -
— Rocks and stonewalls. Eur. not r. in warmer distr. Swe- a
den, Switzerl.! Belgium: Gravet. Amer, Can. Pacif. dist.: Ma-
coun. U. S8: Roel. | ; M.
91.B.sinuosa Wilson. — Dicranella Wils.; Barbula Braithwaite. —

Differs from the last: Leaves lurid green less reflexed with p.
broader base and longer sinuolate-denticulate acumen, often
brittle; lower basal cells rectangular subhyaline, Capsules’ un- -
known. Habit of Didymodon tenwirostris. — Rocks x. Bur
Austria: Venturi. Engl: Boswell. France: Berthoumieu. Bel-
gium: Gravet: Amer. U. $. Wash; Roel... -) 2000007

— 267 —

92.B.elata Durieu et Montagne.

Leaves entire nearly gradually subulate not large, faintly
crisped; basal cells pellucid gen. rectangular. Perichetial leaves
with narrower often sublinear channelled acumen; costa sub-
excurrent or in the shorter uppermost leaves wanting. Capsule
reddish subcylindric; teeth contorted. Tufts brown-green often
high. — Amer, r.. Pacif. distr. U. S.: Roell; Henderson, com.
Cardot.. ity í

bb. Leaf-base subovate or ovate-oblong; costa often ex-
current. . ;
93.B.vinealis Bridel.

Leaves with oblong base and not longer in upper part su-
bulate-filiform acumen, reflexed below middle, nearly straight
when moist; inner basal cells short-rectangular; costa nearly
filling. the upper part of acumen, in the more abruptly atte-
nuate perichetial longer excurrent. Capsule short oblong-cylin-
dric; teeth short pale once contorted. Tufts lower than in. B,
cylindrica, us. brown or brown-red. Not r. fruiting. — Rocks
and, stonewalls. Eur. not r. in warmer distr. Switzerl! France:
Husnot m. Gall. Italy: Venturi; Roell. Amer. r.,Can.: Ma-
coun.
94.B.flexifolia Hampe. . : |

»Differs from B. vinealis in leaves crisped when dry, faleate
when moistened, borders revolute; capsule narrower subcylin-
dric dark red or brown; teeth much twisted reddish then whi-
. tish or variable in color. — On the ground r. Amer. U. 8.
Calif.»; Lesq. et Jam.
95.B.eireinnatula C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves from ovate or ovate-oblong base somewhat abruptly
narrowed to the subulate much longer acumen, reflexed below,
eurved when moist, circinnate when dry; basal cells gen. short
dusky; costa well-distinct but ‘not excurrent also in the nearly
similar. perichetial leaves. Capsule suboylindric; teeth pale
much- contorted; annulus simple by one row of large cells.
Tufts greenish somewhat high, or red-brown below. — Wet
earth and rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.
96.B.subeylindrica Brotherus.

- Leaves from subovate base abruptly natrowed to the longer
and subobtuse acumen, faleate when moist; lower basal cells
rectangular hyaline. Tufts. dark brown. Capsules unknown.
Otherwise: as. the. dabto- Amenta Ui B. Pacif. distr.: Roell,

com. Brotherus.

—- 268 —

97.B.horridifolia C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. i

Differs from the both last and B. vinealis in leaves faintly
papillose loosely disposed long-decurrent. Leaves from ovate
base narrowed to a longer and long-subulate acumen, falcate
when moist, crisped or spreading when dry; basal cells pellu-
eid short-rectangular, the inner larger; costa broader below
vanishing in apex, not excurrent. Capsule cylindric; teeth red-
dish scarcely more than once contorted with long in dry state
spreading points. Tufts somewhat high, brown or rusty red
below, greenish at tops. — Damp rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif.
distr.: Macoun.

98.B.tortellifolia C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Differs from the last: Leaves broader, less distinctly decurrent;
the comal larger and crowded with short-excurrent costa. Pe-
richetial leaves suddenly tapering to a long narrow acumen;
costa slightly excurrent. Peristome whitish. Tufts often higher
sometimes quite red. — Wet rocks. Amer. Pacif. distr. princ.
near sea. Can. less r.: Macoun.

b. Leaves also the uppermost nearly smooth; upper cells
pellucid well-distinct.
99.B.robustifolia C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves shorter and more crowded than in the last, from
ovate base narrowed to the subulate acumen, reflexed nearly
to middle at one side, falcate or crisped; basal cells subquadrate
hyaline; costa equally broad and distinct to apex, not excur-
rent. Capsules unknown. Tufts dark brown or olive-green.
— Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr, Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

110. Ceratodon Bridel.

A. Leaves carinate. Outer perigonial leaves long-acuminate |
acute.

l.C.purpureus L. — Mnium L.; Ceratodon Brid. Kr
Leaves reflexed nearly all around, entire or slightly denticu- -
late near apex, gen. not decurrent, us. broadly ovate-lanceolate
attenuate not subulate at apex; cells small us. chlorophyllose;
costa us. percurrent. Inner perichetial leaves (1 or 2) obtusate
or short-acuminate. Capsule sometimes strumose us. curved -
when dry; teeth with numerous articulations, often marginate;
lid elongate-conic; pedicel red. Outer perigonial leaves with
scarcely excurrent costa. Tufts us. not tomentose. Dioecious.

— Gravelly soil Hur. common. Sweden etc.| Amer. Can.:
Macoun. no

— 269 —

* C.brevifolius Milde. — C. dimorphus Philibert.

"Leaves ovate-oblong; costa often long-excurrent. — R. Eur.
Switzerl: Philibert. Amer. U. S. Oregon: Lyall, com. Macoun.
* C.xanthopus Sullivant.

Leaves long-subulate; costa gen. excurrent. Perichetial leaves
2 or 3 more distinct. Pedicel yellow. — Amer. r. Can. Brit.
Col: Dawson, com. Macoun.

*(C.arcticus Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves small subdecurrent, not much patent when moist; cells
hyaline not chlorophyllose, larger than in the common C. pur-
pureus. Tufts compact tomentose. Capsules unknown. — Arctic
distr. r. Eur. Spetsbergen near Kobbebay: Berggren 1868.
2.C.conicus Hampe. — Trichostomum Hampe; Ceratodon Lindb.;
C. minor Austin.

Differs from C. purpureus: Leaves shorter; costa not r, excur-
rent. Capsule straight; teeth immarginate with few articula-
tions. — Earth and walls r. Eur. Switzerl.!; Mari. Amer. Can.
Brit. CoL: Macoun.
3.C.Columbie Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate subulate-acuminate, reflexed
below the somewhat long serrulate acumen; costa gen. excur-
rent. Inner perichetial leaves (2 or 1) with somewhat long
linear or lingulate acumen. Capsule curved when dry; teeth
. with numerous articulations, broadly margined; lid short-conic

obtuse or subconvex; pedicel red. Outer perigonial leaves with
long-excurrent costa. Monoecious, — Amer. r. Pacif. distr.
Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. )
: B. Leaves concave, princ. those of the long shoots. Peri-
. gonial leaves obtuse, the outer not long-acuminate.

. 40.heterophyllus Kindb. in Ottawa Nat. vol. V.

Leaves of the short stem very few, narrowly ovate-lanceolate
. Sübobtuse entire reflexed; costa percurrent. Shoot-leaves small
. Oval obtuse not distinctly reflexed; costa scarcely percurrent.
Capsule short not curved; teeth with few articulations; lid
_ Short-conic; pedicel pale red or yellowish, finally red or blackish.
Dioecious. — Arctic distr. r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
| 111. Geheebia Schimper.
L.@.gigantea Funck. — Barbula Funck; Geheebia Boulay.

: Leaves papillose entire carinate, reflexed below, gradually
acuminate or subovate-lanceolate with acute or subulate apex,
. Bübfaleate when moist, spreading or faintly crisped when dry;
. lower cells sinuous, upper subquadrate; costa subpercurrent.

— 270 —

Tufts blackish or brown when dry, 6—20 c. m. high! Resem-
bling Barbula reflexa but more robust. — Rocks in alp. region
r. Eur. Switzerll France: Husnot. Germany: Holler. Austria:
Berggren. xt)

112. Aloina (C. M. as subg.) Kindb. in Skandinav. Natur-
forskaremótets handl. 1880.

A. Leaves close when dry, not patent when moist. Us.
synoecious. '
l.A.brevirostris Hooker et Greville. — Tortula H. et G.; Alo-
ina Kindb. 1. c. and Laubm. Schw. u. Norw.
Leaves ovate-oval very broad, cucullate above; costa not ex-
current. Capsule us. cylindric with much shorter lid, r. subo-
void with nearly half as long lid; teeth us. once contorted;
calyptra reaching below lid; annulus broad partly revoluble.
— Walls princ. in limestone districts. Eur. Sweden: Hartman.
Norway: E. Nyman. Amer. Greenl: Berggren. Can.: Macoun.
» Leaves incurved when dry, patent when moist. -~ Dioe-
^ cious. |
. A. Peristome twice contorted; annulus broad revoluble. Ca-
lyptra reaching to the half of capsule.

2.A.stellata Schreber. — Bryum Schreber 1771; Aloina Kindb.
Laubm. S. u. N,; Barbula. rigida Hedwig 1787. ji]
Leaves suboblong or narrower us. cucullate sometimes hair-
pointed; costa us. not excurrent. Capsule suboblong; lid much
Shorter; pedicel red-brown. — Walls and clay banks. Eur.
Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi. Greece: Orphanides. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. :
3.A.macrorhyncha Kindb. — Barbula (Aloina) cat. Can. m. —
Leaves round-ovate cucullate; costa not exeurrent. Capsule ——
oblong-ovoid; lid more than ?/|, its length; pedicel pale red or
yellowish. — On earth r. Amer. Can.: Macoun: dodira
b. Peristome once contorted; annulus narrow us. persistent.
Calyptra short. Capsule subcylindric. . - ae
4.A.ambigua Br. eur. — Barbula Br. eur; Aloina Limprieht; —
A. eriemfolia Kindb. Laubm. S. u. N.; Tortula Lindb. >
Leaves lanceolate-linear us, hamate-incurved at apex, some
times subacute; costa not excurrent. Capsule erect at ] 5
twice longer than lid; pedicel yellowish above and reddish
below, finally red-brown; calyptra not reaching below lid. —
Walls. Eur. Norway! France: Husnot. Greece: Orphanides.
Roemer. Amer. Can.: Macoun, © r unis elpo wau

— 271 —

5.A.aloides Koch. — Trichostomum Koch; Aloina Kindb.
l.c; Tortula Notaris; Barbula Bruch.

Leaves shorter and narrower than in the last, incurved or
eucullate, gen. acute with prominent subexcurrent costa. Cap-
sule often inclined us. much longer than lid; pedicel reddish;
calyptra not much prolonged below lid. — Clay banks. Eur.
France: Husnot. Germany: Roemer. Italy: Arcangeli. Greece:
Orphanides.

113. Crossidium Juratzka.

A. Leaves blunt. Dioecious.

LC.ehloronotos (Bridel in part) Bruch. — Barbula. (Brid.)
Bruch; Crossidium Limpricht.

Leaves oblong-lingulate, appressed when dry; hairpoint shorter
nearly smooth; upper leaf-cells greenish. Capsule narrow-oblong
at least twice longer than the rostrate lid; teeth twice contor-
ted; tube long. Tufts dense. — Calcareous rocks and soil r.
Eur. Mediterr. distr. France: Schimper; Venturi; Philibert.
?.CHeinriei Rau. — Barbula Rau; Crossidium Kindb.

»Differs from the last: Leaves few small more arrounded at
apex; some cells decolorate; hairpoint denticulate. Capsules
unknown. — Amer. r: U: 8. Kansas Rau»: C. M. in Flora
1886.
3.C.Mannie C. Mueller. — Barbula (Argyrobarbula) C. Mj
Crossidium Kindb.

»Leaves few small without hairpoint; lamelle few. Capsule
small; peristomial tube short. — Amer, r. U. S.»: C. M. in
Flora 1887.

B. Leaves narrowed above to the subacute apex. Monoe-
cious.
4.C.squamigerum Viviani. — Barbula Viv.; Crossidium Jur.;
Tortula membranifolia Hooker; Barbula Schultz. —

Leaves subovate; hairpoint us. as long and denticulate; upper
leaf-cells hyaline. Capsule oblong, subeylindric or suboval,
finally blackish, longer than the rostrate lid; teeth twice con-
torted; tube long. Tufts dense. — Caleareous stones in war-
mer distr. r. Eur. France: Le Jolis; Bouvet. Amer. »U. 8.»:

Ee et Jam.
C.griseum Juratzka. à
i Differs from the last: Capsule finally brown; teeth shortish

not or faintly twisted nearly without basal tube. Leaves with

nearly smooth often longer hairpoint; those of shoots more
obtuse, — Eur. r. Italy: Roell; Bottini.

u— f

114. Pterygoneuron Juratzka. a
A. Capsule immersed; calyptra mitriform, Leaves with long —
rough | hairpoint.
1.P.subsessile Bridel. — Gymnostomum Brid.; Pterygoneuron
Jur; Pharomitrium Schimper.
Leaves suboval or obovate subacute not reflexed, papillose at f
back. Capsule oval-globose; pedicel shorter; lid rostrate; peri-

stome none. Stem 2—5 m. m. high. — Sand and clay r. - 3

Eur. Austria: Berggren. Germany: Schultze. Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun.

B. Pedicel exserted; calyptra cucullate. Leaves with smooth
point. eee
2.P.eavifolium Ehrhart- — Pottia Ehrh.; Pterygoneuron Jur.

Differs also from the last in leaves smooth at back, — Clay
soil, often on walls. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden! France:
Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond.
3.P.lamellatum Lindberg. — Tortula Lindb.; Pterygoneuron
Jur; Barbula cavifolia Schimper.

Differs from the last: Leaves papillose at back, faintly reflexed
below; costa shorter excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric; perl- 13
stome slightly twisted, loosed with difficulty; basal membrane m
clathrate. Stem somewhat higher. — Wet clay soil r. Eur e
France: Bescherelle, - Austria: Berggren. |

115. Didymodon Hedwig, in part. ;

A. Leaves gen. entire; cells small at least the upper, r. (in
Stegonia) large. ge

à. Leaves not reflexed, often involute. Peristome not twisted.
I. Stegonia. Leaves. close also when moist, smooth entire
very broad concave or involute; cells large. Perichetial leaves.
not sheathing. Stem short. Monoecious. Spores large. —
IL Trichostomum. Leaves not imbricate when moist, us.
erisped when dry, papillose us, narrow. Spores small.

l. Pusilli. Peristome slightly twisted. Plants small; stem
very short. Monoecious,

m Crispuliformes. Peristome not twisted. Dioecious. Plants

ger. i
b. Leaves not involute gen. reflexed.

aa. Leaves half-sheathing, sometimes dentate above.
MI. Erythrophyllum. oe

Leaves reflexed papillose us. pointed
by a long pellucid apical cell; basal cells bong. hyaline or finally

reddish. . Perichetial leayeg sheathi : le straight.
Tufts us. rusty red. Us, eee Peristome pa i

— MIN. oe

Db. Leaves entire not sheathing: Tufts dense.

IV. Desmatodon. Leaves short broad gen. reflexed, crisped;
basal cells long somewhat large and hyaline; costa often long-
-excurrent. Peristome straight. Habit of Barbula (Zygotrichia).
Often monoecious.

V. Eu-Didymodon. Leaves reflexed us. short, r. twisted when
dry; cells small gen. short, the inner basal us. rectangular
yellowish; costa gen. not or slightly excurrent. Peristome some-
I twisted. Habit of Barbula (Eu-Barbula) Dioecious often
sterile,

LB. Leaves gen. dentieulate, not imbricate, sometimes with
propagula; cells somewhat large; costa not or shortly excurrent.
Peristome r. present. : Us. dioecious. qa: bral
VL. Leptodontium. Leaves dentate or denticulate, often not re-
flexed, gen. broad and obtusate, often crisped when dry; basal
cells at least the lowest rectangular hyaline.

Hydrogonium. Differs from subg. Leptodontium in entire

E leaves,

I. Stegonia Venturi revue bryol.

I.D.latifolius Schwzegrichen. — Weisia. Schw.; Didymodon
Kindb; Pottia C. M.

Leaves orbicular or subcochleariform gen. obtuse, sometimes
apiculate or with long hairpoint; upper cells subrhombic, the
lower hyaline longer; costa abbreviate or percurrent. Capsule
suboval or subcylindric; teeth pale red. Spores 0,03—0,04 m. m.
| Tufts low gréen somewhat silver-like. — Earth on alp. rocks.
Ew. less r. Norway, SwitzerLl | Austria: Breidler. Amer. T.
Can.: Macoun; Drummond 70. '

IL ‘Trichostomum Hedwig, in part.

1. Pusilli.
.2J.triumphans Notaris. — Trichosto
Kindb. !
> Leaves lanceolate-linear acute or obtuse; costa short-excurrent.
Perichetial leaves sheathing. Capsule oval; pedicel pale yellow
Or at base reddish. — Earth and walls-r. Eur. princ. in Me-
diterr. distr. France: Philibert.

D.monspeliensis Schimper: — Trichostomum
Kindb.
_ Leaves concave, the perichetial with percurrent costa. Annulus
simple, — Eur; r. »France»: Schimper.
*D.Philiberti Schimper. — Trichostomu
Kindb, . | !

mum Not.; Didymodon

Sch.; Didymodon

m Sch.; Didymodon

— 274 —

Perichetial leaves with excurrent costa. Annulus simple. E
Eur, r. France: Philibert; Goulard. bite)
*D.pallidisetus H. Mueller. — Trichostomum H. M; Didy- —
modoa Kindb. Td
Leaves plane below, the perichetial with percurrent costa. |
Capsule. finally striate; annulus simple; pedicel wholly pale —
yellow. — Eur. r. Germany: Geheeb. b».
2. Crispuliformes. neu E
A. Leaves carinate from dilated undulate base gradually —
subulate. Habit of Barbula (Tortella). R. fruiting. HOR C

3.D.eylindrieus Bruch. — Weisia Bruch; Didymodon Br. eur.

Leaves long narrow acute or subobtuse, sometimes sparingly
denticulate near apex; basal cells hyaline; costa not excurrent.
Capsule cylindric. Tufts dark green. — Siliceous rocks. Eur. 3
not common. Switzerl.! Sweden: Lindberg. Amer. Can.: Ma- vr
coun,

4.D.hibernicus Mitten. — Tortula Mitt.; Didymodon Kindb.

Differs from the last: Leaves entire acute more dilated at — —

base; basal cells abruptly passing to the rounded green ones. !
Stem often very long. — Wet rocks r. _ Eur. Ireland: Stewart |
and Holt. preeu ii
B. Leaves not carinate, sublinear or with sublinear or subu- -
late acumen, entire. Mu
a. Leaves channelled or involute; basal cells us. yellowish,
upper very small opake papillose. oto.
5.D.brachydontius Bruch. — Trichostomum Bruch; Didymodon ix
Wilson; Trichostomum mutabile Notaris. m
Leaves sublinear or narrowly. ovate-lanceolate gen. acute, -
sometimes ovate-oblong short-acuminate, not channelled near.
apex; basal cells brownish or yellowish; costa excurrent. on
sule oval-oblong or subeylindric; teeth smooth us. short am
gular; pedicel yellow. Tufts loose 1—2 c. m. high or lower.
— Caleareous rocks. —. Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden: Zetterstedt;
P. Larsson; Belgium: | Roemer. France: Philibert; Brébisson.
6.D-luteseens Lindberg. - Mollia‘ Lindbs Didymodon Kindb.
Differs from the last: Leaves smooth pellucid longer-apiculate;
upper cells : better defined. Tufts yellowish green. Ca in
unknown. — Fissures of limestone rocks r. — Bur. »lrel:
Lindb.»: Braithwaite, dete
7.D.crispulus Bruch, — Trichostomum Br.; Didymodon Wilson. ^
Leaves from Subovate base sublinear or r. suboblong, short-
attenuate often subobtuse, distinctly channelled or involute;

— 275 —

basal cells yellowish or subhyaline; costa often excurrent to a
curved point. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth papillose often deeply
cleft; pedicel red. Tufts dense very low or 2—6 c. m. high.
— Calcareous stones. Eur, Sweden, Switzerl.! Spain: Levier:
| France: Roux; Berthoumieu. Amer. r. »U. S.s: Lesq. et Jam.
| SB.viridulus Bruch. — Trichostomum Br.; Didymodon Kindb.
| Differs from the last: Leaves longer, linear-lanceolate, gradu-
| ally long-acuminate subulate. Capsule smaller. Stem low. —
Eur. r. Sweden! Switzerl.: Culmann, eom. Husnot.
9.D.brevifolius Sendtner. — Trichostomum Sendt.; C. M. syn.;
Didymodon Kindb.; Mollia Braithwaite. |
> Leaves short from broader base nearly gradually attenuate
obtuse; basal cells yellowish pellucid; costa sometimes excurrent.
Capsule minute round-oval; lid as long; teeth papillose; pedicel
. reddish below, yellow above. Tufts dense 0,5 —1,5 c. m. high.
J Habit of D. crispulus. — Limestone rocks r. Eur. »Engl.»:
Braithwaite. »Bosnia: Sendtner»: C. M.

b.. Leaves concave not involute, somewhat broad and sub-

. Oblong-linear; basal cells hyaline.
| pce Mitten. .— Trichostomum - Mitt.; Didymodon

indb. : 9
Leaves obtuse; costa smooth’ yellowish short-excurrent. Cap-
sule oblong; teeth deeply cleft. Tufts green 1—4 c.:m. high.
— Rocks near Atlantic sea r.. Eur. Engl: Curnow. France:
Le Jolis: Norway: Hagen.
11.D.trachyneuron Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves short-attenuate subacute: brittle; costa pale, papillose
at back, sometimes excurrent. Tufts low. green. Capsules
unknown; —- Rocks r. Amer. Can. near Quebec: Macoun.

III... Erythrophyllum Lindberg. 3

A. Leaves nearly smooth and: faintly: reflexed, not twisted
when dry.’ Tufts loose eradiculose. Capsules unknown.
12.D.oenodes C. M. et Kindb. — D. oeneus C. M. et Kindb.
cat. Canad. m. (not D. seus Schimper).
- Leaves. virious-red ovate-oblong‘ or narrowed from subovate
base, acute entire not apiculate, loosely appressed when dry;
costa nearly smooth at back. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.:
Macoun. |
à B. Leaves distinctly papillose and reflexed, crisped. Tufts

ense, i
<a: Leaves from broad-ovate base long-subulate; costa some-
times exeurrent. Plants robust, jer |

— 276 —

13.D.ruber Juratzka. oai o dnd
Leaves long acute or subobtuse at apex, often denticulate
near it. Inner perichetial leaves subfiliform-subulate smooth
and not recurved; costa filling nearly the whole upper part of
acumen. Capsule straight; cells of the rostellate lid in straight
rows. Tufts reddish. Dioecious, very r. fruiting. — Alp. rocksr. —
Eùr. Austria: Breidler. Switzerl. fruiting: Philibert. cf
b. Leaves short-acuminate or obtusate obliquely apiculate;
costa not excurrent. Plants not robust.
14.D.rubellus Hoffmann. — Bryum Hoffm.; Didymodon Br.
et Sch.
Leaves from short ovate base sublinear-cultriform, at apex
us. obtusate and entire or with few teeth. Perichetial leaves
nearly as long and similar. Capsule straight or indistinctly
curved; cells of lid as in the last. Us. synoecious. — Stone
and earth. Eur. common. Sweden etc.| Amer. not r. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.
15.D.alpigenus Venturi. — D. rubellus var. dentatus Sehimper. —
Leaves as in the last but more distinctly acuminate acute —
often: dentate: near apex. Perichetial leaves subsubulate narrower.
Capsule narrower; lid with obliquely seriate cells. Dioecious. -
— Rocks in alp; regions r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.| Amer. -
»Greenl.»:. Lange.
16.D.canadensis Kindb. cat. can. m. Ens
Differs from D. rubellus: Capsule narrower. Perichetial leaves
short acuminate smooth not reflexed. Dioecious. — Rocks r.
Amer. Can: Macoun; Waghorne. i
17.D. subruber Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. pire
Leaves as in D, rubellus but often dentate. Perichetial leaves
long-subulate not recurved. Capsule curved; lid rostrate. Dioe-
cious. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. :
18.D.Baden-Powelli Kindb, in Ottawa Nstürz:vol: VA wm
- Leaves as in D. rubellus but smaller shorter often dentieulate,
less twisted when dry. Perichetial leavés as in D. canadensis.
Capsule: curved; lid short blunt very thick. Tufts very com-
pact, pale brown: below. -Dioecious. — Arctic distr. f. Amer.
Alaska: J..M.' Macoun. -
19.D.Debati Husnot revue bryol. 1895. bia
Differs from other species of this section in leaves densely :
serrulate above basal part. Leaves from narrowly oblong base.
gradually tapering to a scarcely longer acumen, not or slightly
crisped when dry. Stem about 5 c. m. long. Capsules um -

ii

— 277 —

known. -— Stony places r. Eur. r: »Francé, 2000 metr. a. s.»:
Husnot 1. c. i pasti 8x
: IV. Desmatodon (Bridel) Schimper, in part.

À. Leaves with not excurrent costa, papillose. Tier
20.D.arenaceus Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Desmatodon ‘S. L.;
Sulliv. icon. m.; Didymodon Kindb.

Leaves suboblong or oblong-lanceolate gen. obtuse, reflexed
nearly all around. Capsule long cylindric; teeth short whitish
. Gleft to middle; lid short thick. Stem 1— 2 c. m. high. Mon-
. oecious or pseudo. monoecious. — Sandstone rocks r. Amer.
. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Demetrio, com. Cardot. Eur.

»Norway»: Hagen.

. B. Leaves with long-excurrent costa.
. 22.D.plinthobius Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Desmatodon S. L.;
Didymodon Kindb.

Differs otherwise from tbe last: Lid of capsule narrower
somewhat longer. Dioecious. — Limestone rocks r. Amer,
U. 8: Ravenel, com. €. Mueller; Langlois, com. Cardot.

. 22.D.neomexicanus Sull. et Lesq. — Desmatodon S. L.; Didy-
modon Kindb. a8
-= »Differs from the last in nearly entire peristomial teeth.
. Monoecious. — Amer. r. U. S. Texas: Wright»: Lesq. et Jam.
28 D.systylius Schimper. — Desmatodon Sch.; Didymodon
Kindb. Í
. "Leaves oblong-ingulate acute gen. short-acuminate, subpellu- .
cid and nearly smooth, flat or near base indistinctly reflexed.
Capsule cylindrie; teeth irregularly cleft yellowish or reddish;
lid systylie; pedicel yellow or finally pale red. — Rocks r.
_ Eur. in higher alp. region. Eur. Norway. Amer. N. Foundl.:
Waghorne (>D; systylioides» Ren. et Card.) Can. Manitoba:
un.
V. Eu-Didymodon. 1
A. Leaves broadly acuminate or obtuse. Tufts not high.
. A. Leaves papillose; costa not excurrent. Peristome well-
evolute.

24.D.tophaceus Bridel. — Trichostomum Brid; Didymodon
Juratzka; D. Hendersoni Ren. et Card.; Barbula brevifolia Lindb.
Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate, obtuse or acute us. concave
_ With thick borders, more or less crisped. Capsule ovate-oblong
or subeylindrie; pedicel red. Tufts olivaceous reddish-brown

low us. very compact r. loose. — Rocks princ. calcareous
and stonewalls. Eur. prine. in warmer districts, not r.

— 278 —

Switzerl., Norway! France: Le Jolis. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot. ia
b. Leaves smooth. Peristome often rudimentary.
25.D.luridus Hornschuch. — Trichostomum Spruce... .
Leaves ovate oblong. or broadly ovate-lanceolate acute, nearl
appressed when dry; cells short; costa percurrent. Capsule oval-
oblong: or subcylindrie; pedicel red. Tufts finally lurid-brown.
— Rocks and stonewalls. Eur. not r: in’ warmer distr. Swit- —
zerl! Engl: Holt. France: Husnot. Germany: Herpell. Amer.r. -
Can. Macoun.: U: 8: Mrs L. C. Feely. e
26.D.Lamyi Schimper; Husnot. ; iue nA A
Differs from the last: Leaves slightly crisped; basal cells long
hyaline; costa slightly excurrent. | Pedicel yellow above. Tufts
dark green. — Rocks r. Eur. France: Lamy, com. Husnot.
27.D.cordatus Juratzka. — Trichostomum Milde.
‘Leaves broader than in: D. luridus, subcordate at base, eur
ved when dry, often short subovate; costa percurrent or slightly
excurrent. Tufts green often with propagula. Capsules un-
known. — Schistose and calcareous rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! p.
Italy: E. Adlerz. Germany: Herpell. oho
< B. Leaves narrowly. acuminate. ! an "EO
à. Leaves gen. papillose, faintly twisted. when dry. Tufts
us. low and -fuscescent i [
28.D.rigidulus Hedwig. — Barbula Mitten. diga
Leaves from long ovate-lanceolate base tapering to the nar-
row nearly as loùg acumen, with thick reflexed borders; nearly :
straight when moist; the upper part of acumen nearly filled by -
costa; lower basal cells often long. Capsule oval-oblong oF -
cylindric; teeth ‘not contorted but us. faintly twisted; pedicel
red. — Rocks and stonewalls.’ Eur, not r. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl.! Scotl: Fergusson. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.."U. 8
Roell. fi Lu i
29.D.validus Limpricht. | " odeoEA |
Leaves smooth from ovate-oblong base tapering to anot long
acumen, gen. with thick reflexed borders, nearly straight when :
moist; cells gen. short; costa thick often long-excurrent. Cap-
sules unknown. Tufts brown loosely cohering, about 1 e. m.
high (»5 c. m. or more»: Limpricht). — Calcareous alp. rocks r.
Eur. Austria: Gander. | olad abolita
30.D.Dieekii Brotherus: — Barbula Broth.; Didymodon Kindb.
Leaves) from) broad ovate-oblong base: abruptly narrowed io
the. subulate not longer acumen, flat. above, not or.

— 279 —

reflexed below, straight when moist; nearly all cells: quadrate;
costa short-excurrent or percurrent. Capsules unknown. Habit
of the last. — Amer. r. U. S.: Roell, com. Brotherus.

b. Leaves mamillose nearly appressed. when dry, Tufts
. us. red-brown, often high and very large.

. 81.D.rufus Lorentz. — Barbula Juratzka.

Leaves from ovate or ovate-lanceolate base gradually acuminate
acute, faintly reflexed to above middle; nearly all cells short;
costa. percurrent. Capsules unknown. — Alp. rocks r. Hur.
Austria: Breidler. Switzerl.: Pfeffer. Norway: Zetterstedt; Ha-
gen; E. Nyman. Amer. »Greenl,: Berggren. ;

VI. Leptodontium Hampe.
E "UAI" UDeavég broadly limbate all around by pale cells, denti-
. culate nearly all around, papillose.
32.D.reeurvifolius Taylor. — Bryum Tayl.; Didymodon Wilson.

Leaves ovate-oblong obtusate subobtuse not reflexed, sprea-
ding when moist; costa short-excurrent. Capsules unknown.
Tufts blackish brown 2-—10 e. m, high. — Wet rocks r. Eur.
Engl.: Holt. i

B. Leaves not or indistinctly limbate, entire below middle.
= @.. Leaves papillose and reflexed; costa not percurrent. i
. 88.D.flexifolius Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Didymodon .Hoo-
ker et Taylor. . :

Leaves oval-oblong or lingulate, obtusate acute or apiculate,
. dentate above middle or in upper third, reflexed at both sides,
. Spreading when moist. Capsule cylindric; teeth fugacious some-
times entire; pedicel pale yellow. Stem 1—3 c. m. high. —
Bare gravelly and turfy places in warmer districts r. Eur.
Engl: Boswell: France: Husnot. -
94.D.styriaeus Juratzka.

Differs from the last: Leaves narrower, sparingly dentate near
. &pex, reflexed at one side, patent when moist; lower basal cells
. Een. wider. Capsules unknown. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Austria:
Breidler. te |

b. Leaves papillose not reflexed; costa sometimes excurrent.
35.D.gemmaseens Mitten. — Leptodontium Braithwaite: »Strep-
topogon Mitten»: Braithw. | :

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute, distantly

tate above, spreading or claviculiform when moist; costa
Short-excurrent with propagula at apex. Stem 2—5 c. m.
high. Capsules unknown. — »On thatched roofs» r. Eur.

l.: Davies, com. W. H. Pearson. LH oma

— 280 —

36.D.Heimii Hedwig. — Gymnostomum H.; Didymodon Kindb;;
Pottia Fuernrohr. ; 81200.
Leaves lanceolate or sublingulate, the upper long-acuminate
acute, densely serrulate above, not spreading; costa us. not
excurrent. Capsule short subcylindric or oval-oblong; lid systylic;
peristome none; pedicel red. Stem 1—2 c. m. or lower. Mon-
oecious or synoecious. — Wet soil often near sea sometimes —
in alps. — Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway! Spetsbergen:
Berggren. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Drummond; Waghorne.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun. : SI

*D.Ryani Philibert. — Pottia Phil; Didymodon Kindb. © -
»Leaves very small, oval or short-oblong, very obtuse and

entire. Lid of capsule short and thick. — Eur. Norway:

Ryan»: Philibert revue bryol. 1896.

37.D.heimioides Kindb. — Pottia Kindb. eat. Can. m.

Leaves suboblong, the lower obtuse, the upper short-acuminate
acute; costa gen. exeurrent. . Capsule cylindric longer and nar-
rower than in the last; peristome present but rudimentary; pe-
dicel golden yellow. Stem only 2—3 m. m. high. Otherwise
as the last. — Earth in alps r. Amer. Can. Rocky. mts: Ma-
coun, | desti

€. Leaves smooth distantly dentate or denticulate.
38.D.riparius Austin. — Pottia Aust; Sulliv. icon. m.; Didy-
modon Kindb.; Barbula lingulata Warnstorf; Trichostomum
Warnstorffii Limpricht. dint

Leaves oval-oblong or lingulate obtuse sometimes apiculate,
sparingly denticulate near apex sometimes to Vas patent when
moist; only the lowest basal cells rectangular; costa, not or
scarcely percurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindrie; peristome Wn-
known; annulus broad. Stem to 3 c. m. high, sometimes with.
propagula. — Wet rocks near water r. Eur. Switzerl: Weber;
Culmann, com. Husnot. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com.
Britton. bias
39.D.Macounii Kindb. (new name). — Leptodontium canadense |
Kindb. cat. Canad. m. i qu

Leaves lanceolate or narrowly oblong-lingulate acute, coarsely |
dentate at least’ in upper half, spreading when moist; lower -
basal cells rectangular; costa percurrent or short-excurr ae
Stem scarcely. 1 e. m. high. Capsules and male plants Un
known. — Stones in rivers r. Amer. Can.: J. Maeoum. .

qI

— 281 —

1 VII. Hydrogonium C. Mueller.
. 40.D.Ehrenbergii Lorentz. —- Trichostomum Lor.; Didymodon
. Kindb.; Trichostomum (Hydrogonium) mediterraneum C. M.
_ Leaves sublinear or ovate-lanceolate subobtuse not (or indi-
Süncetly near base) reflexed, patent when moist; basal cells
narrow hyaline, the others smooth subpellucid sparingly chloro-
phyllose; costa not or scarcely excurrent. Capsules unknown.
Stem often 3—6 c. m. high. — Wet calcareous rocks r. Eur.
France; Taxis»: Boulay (Africa, Alger: Debat; Philibert).
116. Pottia Ehrhart.

À. Leaves smooth with hyaline cells. Paroecious.
.P.venusta Juratzka.

»Upper leaves long obovate-oblong spathulate short-acuminate
not reflexed; costa excurrent. Capsule oval-cylindric; teeth
none; annulus double persistent. — Hur.»: Schimper (»Asia
island Cyprus: Unger»: Jur.).
. $.P.pallida Lindberg.

»Leaves recurved near middle, shorter than in the last.
Capsule oval-oblong; annulus none. Smaller than the last. —
Eur.r. Spain: J. Lange»: Schimper.

B. Leaves often papillose; cells more or less chlorophyllose.
a. Paroecious. Leaves us. reflexed and papillose; ‘costa
long-excurrent.

9.P.erinita Wilson. :

_. Leaves broadly oblong-lingulate obtusate often obtuse, papil-
lose and reflexed. Capsule us. suboval; teeth wanting orrudi-
mentary; pedicel orange; calyptra us. smooth — Moist banks
and rocks near sea r. Eur. Engl: Ralfs.

* P.viridifolia Mitten; Braithwaite.

"Lower leaf-cells shorter, the upper smaller. Peristome none.
— Rocks near sea r. Eur. Irel.: Stewart. France: Le Jolis. —
P.asperula Mitten; Braithwaite. | s
Leaf-cells as in P. crinita *viridifolia. Peristome none. Ca-
lyptra scabrous. — Eur. r. Engl: Curnow.

.*P.Wilsoni Hooker. — Gymnostomum Hook.; Pottia Br. eur.
Lower leaf-cells long narrow, the upper very small. Capsule
“Narrower; teeth rudimentary. Calyptra scabrous. — Sandy
Pocky ground r. Eur. France: Lamy. Engl: Curnow. Amer.
OU. S: Lesq. et Jam.

.1P.euneifolia Solms Laubach.

"Lower leaves linear-oblong, the upper longer and spathulate-
oblong subobtuse smooth. r. reflexed. Capsule oval-oblong

: 19

— 282 —

small; teeth indistinct; pedicel reddish. Plants small. — Eur.
r. Portugal: Solms Laubach, com. Venturi. LALO)
5.P.Notarisii Schimper.

»Differs from P. crinita: Leaves smaller narrower; upper cells -
scarcely chlorophyllose. Capsule oblong-cylindric longer narro-
wer and longer-pedicellate. — Eur. r. Sardinia: F. Mueller:
Schimp. syn. dd.

b. Monoecious. Leaves often smooth and not reflexed. |
Pedicel reddish. uo
6.P.truncatula L. — Bryum L; Pottia Lindb.; P. truncata
Fuernrohr. ;

Leaves subobovate acute or short-acuminate. smooth not
reflexed; costa not long-excurrent. Capsule short cupuliform
or subhemisphæric; teeth none. — Earth in fields and gardens.
Eur. common. Sweden! France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. —
U. S5.: com. Macoun.
7.P.lanceolata Hedwig. — Leersia H.; Pottia C. M.

Leaves oblong-lingulate acute obtusate or short-acuminate,
us. reflexed and more or less papillose; costa often long-excur-
rent. Capsule oblong-oval; teeth often well-evolute. — On
earth. Eur. not r. Switzerl! Sweden: S. Hardin. France: Puget. -
Italy: Arcangeli. bs
* P.littoralis Mitten; Braithwaite. des

Leaves nearly smooth; costa shorter-excurrent. Peristome |
none. — Sandy soil near sea r. Eur. Engl: Rogers. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. "MN
a Turner. — Gymnostomum Turn.; Pottia Fuern- -
rohr.

Leaves faintly papillose sometimes slightly reflexed; costa -

short-excurrent. Capsule gen. subcylindrie; teeth none or rudi-
mentary. — Banks and walls. Eur. not r. Sweden! France:
Brébisson. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. ite a

117. Dermatodon Huebener. TEE
1.D.cernuus Huebener. — Desmatodon Br. eur.; Cynodontium |
latifolium Schwegrichen. joie

Leaves oblong sublingulate sharply acuminate acute limbate
papillose, reflexed at least to middle, us. denticulate near apex;
costa excurrent finally reddish. Capsule broad-ovate inclined i:
or horizontally patent with erect neck, finally red-brown, tee
long us. deeply cleft; lid apieulate; pedicel straight yellow ;
finally red 10—16 m. m. long. Spores about 0,04 m. m»
Tufts dense to 2-—3 e. m. high, often lower. Monoecious-

— 283 —

— Caleareous stones and walls or (in Amer.) on earth, not
common. Eur. Switzerl! Austria: Breidler. Norway: Zetter-
stedt. Amer. Can: Macoun; Drummond 114.

*D.xanthopus Kindb. — Desmatodon Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves less chlorophyllose; costa greenish. Capsule larger;
teeth more united; pedicel yellow not red. — On earth r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun.

2.D.camptothecius Kindb. — Desmatodon cat. Canad, m.
Differs from D. cernuus: Leaves narrower and longer, sub-
obtuse gen. entire, nearly smooth, reflexed only near base;
costa greenish. Capsule arcuate pale brown or pale red; teeth
short cut in 2—4 partly cohering segments; lid with oblique
beak; pedicel flexuous arcuate when young, reddish yellow. —-
Rocks near Atlantic sea r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
118. Weisia Ehrhart.
A. Leaves long narrow, serrate at the broad base, at least
the perichetial. Dioecious. Stem us. high.
I. Eucladium. Capsule long-exserted; lid deciduous; teeth
more or less cleft; annulus persistent or indistinct. Leaves not
recurved, gen. faintly crisped when dry; cells pellucid; costa
excurrent. i
B. Leaves broad entire crisped. Monoecious or paroecious.
IL Pseudo-Pottia. Capsule long-exserted; teeth often present;
lid deciduous. Leaves concave often recurved; upper cells
small; costa sometimes excurrent Habit of Pottia. Stem low.
Leaves entire narrow gen. sublinear.
a. Leaves often involute us. crisped; costa often excurrent.
. Stem low. Often monoecious.
= II. Astomum. Capsule not emerging above upper leaves;
lid persistent or loosed with difficulty; teeth none. Stem very
short.
IV. Hymenostomum. Capsule long-exserted; lid deciduous;
teeth none. Leaves crowded; costa excurrent. Monoecious.
V. Eu-Weisia. Capsule long-exserted; lid deciduous; teeth
present at least rudimentary, us. entire. Leaves crowded; costa
Sometimes not excurrent. X
b. Leaves not involute and not or slightly crisped; costa

. mot excurrent, Dioecious. Stem often bigh.

Vl. Hymenostylium. Capsule without peristome; lid systylic;
annulus none. Leaves partly recurved; upper cells more or
less pellucid.

— 984. —

VI. Gymnostomum. Capsule sometimes but r. with. peri-
stome; lid deciduous not systylic; annulus often present.) Leaves
sublinear not recurved; cells gen. subquadrate, the upper us.
opake and very small. oiez *

j I. Eucladium Br. eur. Ica
1.W.verticillaía L. — Bryum L.; Weisia C. Mueller.

Leaves carinate brittle from short ovate base somewhat
abruptly narrowed to the nearly subulate acumen; inner. basal
cells much larger than the outer. Capsule brownish suboblong;
teeth cleft or perforated. Tufts eradiculose us. encrusted with
calcareous deposite. R. fruiting. -- Dripping calcareous or
sandstone rocks. Eur. princ. in southern distr. not. r. Switzerl.!
Sweden very r. Spain: Levier; Dieck, com. Roell. .Greece:
Heldreich. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

II, Pseudo-Pottia Kindb.
A. Leaves not recurved. Peristomial teeth well-evolute more
or less perforated; annulus distinct. Monoecious.
2.W.exwspitosa Bruch. — Pottia C. M.; Trichostomum Jur.
Leaves suboblong acute or short-acuminate; basal cells small
short-rectangular; costa short-excurrent, Capsule subovate small-
mouthed us. twice longer than the rostellate lid; pedicel yellow.
Often loosely tufted. — Bare calcareous’ soil in warmer distr.
r. Eur. France: Philibert; Brébisson. Germany: Schemmann. |
B. Leaves recurved. Peristome us. imperfect or wanting;
annulus not distinct. Paroecious.
3.W.Starkei Hedwig. — Pottia C. M. ins
Leaves subobovate-oblong or narrower, acute or short-acumr |
nate, recurved nearly all around; basal cells rectangular; costa -
gen excurrent. Capsule oval-oblong; lid short thick subconie -
or obtuse; pedicel us. yellowish. Us. not tufted. Smaller than —
the last. — Fallow fields and banks. Eur, not r. Sweden: |
Hamnstrem, France: Bouvet. Greece: Heldreich. Amer. #4
»U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. E
* W.Davallii Smith. — Gymnostomum Sm.; Weisia Kindbs
Pottia minutula Br. eur. coke E
Capsule subovate; teeth none; pedicel reddish. Leaves often |
rufescent when old. Very small. — Eur. not r. Sweden, Swit-
zerl.! Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. uu den

* W.mutiea Venturi. — Pottia Vent.; Weisia Kindb.

Leaves with subpercurrent costa. Peristome rudimentary- em
Dolomitie rocks r. Eur. Switzerl: Mari. .biógilgq; dme

— 285 —

‘W.commutata Limpricht. — Pottia Limpr.; Weisia Kindb.
»Capsule often inclined; teeth very short. Leaves narrower
reflexed, sometimes suboval subobtuse. — Calcareous soil r.
Eur. Istria: Weiss»: Limpricht.

4.W.groenlandiea Kindb. in Hedwigia 1897 p. 65.

Leaves: suboblong-linear or sublingulate very obtuse, only the
uppermost recurved; cells nearly smooth; costa not percurrent.
Capsule oblong; lid long-conie much shorter; teeth none; pe-
dicel reddish. — Habit of W. Starkei. — Arctic distr. r.
. Amer. Greenl. Silch: Baur 1885, com. Roell.
> dem III. Astomum Hampe (Systegium Schimper).

A. Leaves channelled not involute.
a Leaves with long-excurrent costa, crisped.
. 5.W.Levieri Limpricht. — Astomum Limpr.; Weisia Kindb.
Comal leaves and the outer perichetial long-subulate much
larger than in W. crispa; inner perichetial short-acuminate much
shorter. Capsule. globose-oval; pedicel very short; lid rostrate.
— Clay soil r. Eur. Italy: E. Levier.
E hb. Leaves with subpercurrent costa.
. 8.W.multieapsularis Smith. — Phascum Sm.; Weisia Mitten.
— Lower leaves distant; comal and perichetial larger, long-acu-
. minate subulate, crisped; costa not or slightly excurrent. Cap-
. sule subglobose or oval-oblong not much longer than pedicel.
= Clay fields r. Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite. Lo
— 7.W.Mittenii Bruch et Schimper. — Astomum B. S.; Weisia
. Mitt.
Lower leaves distant; the uppermost larger, subulate, shorter-
acuminate than in the last, not or faintly crisped; costa not
. exeurrent. Capsule subglobose; pedicel somewhat longer. —
- Clay fields and banks r: Zur. »Engl»: Braithwaite.
— &W.rostellata Bridel. — Phascum Brid.; Weisia Lindb.
| Leaves crowded long-acuminate acute not distinctly subulate,
. €tisped; costa short-excurrent. Capsule ovaloblong; pedicel
2—3 times longer. — On earth r. Eur. Engl: Rogers. France:
. Sebilles, com. Husnot. ADS BNI di
— B. Leaves involute gen. carinate and long-acuminate, crisped.
oa. Leaves with gen. long-excurrent costa: the lower distant.
9.W.crispa Hedwig. — Phascum H.; Weisia Mitten.

Comal and perichetial leaves long-subulate. Capsule sub-
globose; pedicel shorter; lid us. with short beak. — Clay or
Sandy soil. Eur, not r. Switzerl! Sweden: Lindberg; S. Har-
din. Amer, Can.: Drummond n. 11, eom. Macoun.

— 286 —

b. Leaves long-acuminate with subpercurrent costa) the
lower distant. Capsule with rostellate lid.
10.W.Sullivantii Schimper. — Astomum Sch.; Sull. icon. m.;
Weisia Kindb.

Capsule globose; pedicel shorter. — Clover-fields r. Amer.
U. S.: Sullivant, com. €. Mueller; Mohr, com. Macoun:
11.W.nitidula Schimper. — Astomum Sch.; Weisia Kindb. -

"Capsule: ovoid; pedicel much longer. — Amer. r. U. S»:
Sullivant icon. m. l
* W.Drummondii Kindb. — Systegium cat. Can. m.

Capsule subglobose; pedicel 3—4 times longer, nearly emer-
ging above upper leaves. — Amer. r. Can.: Drummond, com.
Macoun.

€. Leaves crowded: upper long-acuminate, lower short-acu-
minate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule with thick short obtuse
point. i
12.W.Ludoviciæ Sullivant. — Astomum Sull. ic. m.; Weisia
Kindb.

Capsule suboval; pedicel often somewhat longer. — Amer. r.
»U. S.»: Sullivant.

IV. Hymenostomum R. Brown.

A. Pedicel short. Stem finally decumbent. Leaves not
involute.
13.W.squarrosa Esenbeck et Hornschuch. — Hymenostomum
Es. et Hornsch; Weisia C. M.

Capsule with somewhat small mouth. Plants very small —
Clay fields and banks r. Eur. France: Husnot. Germany:
Dreesen. ij

B. Pedicel elongate, Stem erect. Leaves involute. P
t mice Hedwig. — Gymnostomum H.; Weisia

Leaves us. not strongly involute above; costa pale faint.
Capsule with very small mouth, often asymmetric. — Banks
and barren fields. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Spain ete.
Alias Schweegrichen. — Gymnostomum Schw.; Weisia -

Leaves less involute; costa stout finally brown. Capsule |
symmetric with somewhat wide mouth. — Limestone rocks
and walls t. Eur. Switzerl.! France: Boulay. Engl.: Rogers.

V. Eu-Weisia. ari

A. Perichetial leaves obtuse short convolute. Other leaves |

with not distinctly exeurrent costa, not involute. "

— 987 —

16.W.convoluta C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

| Leaves sublinear-subulate. Capsule gen. narrow; beak shorter.
= — Crevices of rocks princ. in alps r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts

|. 2300 metr. a. sea, Vane. isl. and Peace river: Macoun.

B. Perichetial leaves acute not convolute. Other leaves
with excurrent costa.
17.W.viridula L. — Bryum L.; Weisia Hedwig.

a Leaves from subovate base acuminate, strongly involute, only
= the lowest with flat borders; costa pale, papillose at back.
Capsule us. suboval with shorter beak; pedicel yellow. — On
earth, often on walls and roadsides. Eur. common in lower
districts. Sweden, Switzerl! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond
67. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.

* W.longirostris Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 59.

Capsule more wide-mouthed, gen. shorter than beak; teeth
gen. rudimentary. — Amer. r. U. S. Chicago: Roell.

* W.erispata Esenbeck et Hornschuch; Gymnostomum Es. et
Hsch.; Weisia Juratzka.

Capsule more small-mouthed, suboblong, r. longer than beak;
teeth rudimentary. — Clay and calcareous soil. Eur. Switzerl.!
Sweden: J. Persson.

* W.longiseta Lesquereux et James. :

Leaves larger, more hyaline at base. Peristomial teeth often
cleft. Tufts gen. more dense. — R. Eur. Engl: Rogers. Amer.
U. S.: Mohr, com. Macoun; Langlois, com. Cardot.
18.W.Wimmeri Sendtner. — Gymnostomum Sendt.; Weisia
Br. eur.

Differs from W. viridula in suboblong leaf-base and paroe-
cious inflorescence. Peristome us. rudimentary. — Earth in
alp. regions r. Eur. Norway! Switzerl.!; Schimper.
19.W.rutilans Hedwig. — Gymnostomum H.; Weisia Lindb.;
W. mucronata Br. eur; W. Wolfii Lesq. et Jam.

Differs from W. viridula in nearly all leaves flat at borders.
Capsule us. suboval; beak, shorter; pedicel orange about lc. m.
long. — Clay soil r. Eur. Engl: Barnes, com. Bottini. Italy:
Roell. Amer. Can. Ottawa and Vanc. isl: Macoun. eB.
Wolf, com. C. Mueller.

* W.Ganderi Juratzka. Mee
Capsule oblong scarcely longer than beak. — Eur. r. Switzerl.!

France: Philibert.

— 288 —

VI. Hymenostylium Bridel. A
20.W.eurvirostris Ehrhart. — Pottia Ehrh.; Weisia C. M.
Gymnostomum Hedwig.

Leaves long narrowly. ovate-lanceolate or sublinear acuminate f
acute carinate, more or less papillose: the. upper sometimes |
faleate; cells often faintly yellowish or less pellucid, rectangular |
or subquadrate; the lower basal cells hyaline sometimes
rhomboidal. Perichetial leaves costate nearly similar. Capsule.
red-brown subglobose or obovate; beak longer and oblique.
Tufts radiculose often high, sometimes loosely cohering. m
Caleareous and schistose rocks princ. in alps. "Eur. not un-
common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne. U. S.: Demetrio, com. Cardot. Ate
21.W.platyphylla Kindb. — Gymnostomum Kiridb. bull. Torr.
club 1889. e

Leaves oblong-lanceolate obtusate obtuse nearly smooth con-
cave or channelled, shorter and broader than in the last; cells -
pellucid somewhat large: the upper subquadrate, the inner
basal rectangular hyaline. Perichetial leaves ovate, the inner
not or indistinctly costate. Capsules unknown. Tufts not
high nearly eradiculose, — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col |
near a waterfall Macoun. un boe

VII. Gymnostomum Hedwig. e
A» Tufts compact. Stem somewhat elongate. Capsule with
be or narrow persistent annulus; peristome none; pedicel
yellow.

euer pest rie Schleicher. — Gymnostomum Schl.; Weisia

Leaves carinate often acuminate, acute or obtuse, not or -
faintly curved when moist, somewhat long; costa not percurrent.
Perichetial leaves nearly similar not sheathing. Capsule oblong
finally pale yellow, at least twice longer than the conic beak;
annulus none.. Tufts often high us. brown-green. — Rocks
princ. siliceous. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.!
Engl: Holt. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne; Drummond 24.
23.W.ealearea Esenbeck et Hornschuch. — Gymnostomum
Es. et Hornsch.; Weisia C. M. fi

Leaves channelled or indistinctly earinate above, obtusate or
short-acuminate, acute or obtuse, not or faintly curved when
moist, not long; costa not percurrent. Perichetial leaves larger
and longer with long sheathing base and shorter, attenuate
acumen; the inner shorter, Capsule oyal-oblong yellowish; lic :

— 289 —

short with conic beak; annulus narrow. Tufts us. light green
. mostly encrusted by chalk, lower than in the last. — Caleareous
rocks. Eur. not uncommon in southern distr. Switzerl.| France:
Philibert. Spain: Levier. om: Arcangeli. Amer. urs. Can:
Macoun; Waghorne.
24.W.faleata Kindb. bull. soe. bot. ital. 1895.

Differs from the resembling last: Upper leaves distinctly ca-
rinate somewhat long-acuminate and gen. acute, faleate when
moist; costa gen. percurrent. Inner perichetial leaves long-
. acuminate not or indistinctly sheathing. Lid of capsule nearly
flat. Tufts dark green less compact. — Calcareous rocks r.
Eur. Italy monte Caprino near Lugano: Roell and Kindb.

B. Tufts loose very low. Capsule minute; annulus us. broad.
Leaves channelled. Plants small.

a. Lower leaves not shorter than the upper; cells pellucid,
the upper nearly smooth well-distinct.
25.W.Barbula Schwegrichen. — Gymnostomum Schw; Weisia
Kindb.; Hyophila Hampe; Pottia C. M.

Leaves not long, obtusate gen. obtuse, not or faintly curved
when moist. Perichetial leaves nearly similar not sheathing;
the innermost one from short base somewhat narrowed to a -
long linear obtuse at one side faintly reflexed acumen. Capsule
; long cylindric; beak short; teeth none; annulus broad loosed
in pieces. — Rocky banks of mountain rivulets r. Amer.
»U. 8: Garber»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright, herb. Sullivant,
com, C. Mueller).

b. Lower leaves shorter than the upper; upper cells opake
very small. Leaves often curved when moist.

aa. All leaves short; costa not percurrent, Capsule with

broad annulus. —
26 W.tenuis Schrader. — Gymnostomum Schrad.; Weisia C.
M.; Gyroweisia Schimper.
-~ Leaves sublingulate arrounded at apex not acuminate. Peri-
. fhetial leaves larger and longer with long sheathing. base and
. sublinear obtuse shorter acumen. Capsule oblong; lid conie
much shorter; teeth none; annulus often revoluble. Stem often
With shoots at base; their leaves smaller and shorter. — Lime-
stone and sandstone rocks princ. in warmer districts. Eur. less
T. Sweden, Switzerl! France: Lamy. Engl.: Cunliffe. Amer.
I. Can: Drummond 21; White, com. Macoun.

— 290 —

* W.reflexa Bridel. — Gyroweisia Schimper.
Peristome present us. rudimentary. Leaves more curved. —
Eur. r. France: Camus, com. Husnot. :
27.W.aeutifolia Philibert. — Gyroweisia Phil; Weisia Kindb. |
»Gyroweisia tenuis»: Limpricht.
. Leaves not arrounded at apex; the upper sometimes acute, —
not much longer than the lower. Perichetial leaves acuminate
acute. Capsule suboval twice longer than beak; teeth none;
annulus revoluble. — Caverns of calcareous rocks: r. Eur, |
Switzerl.: Philibert. eae
28.W.pusilla Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. — »Gymnostomum
tenue»; Kindb. cat. Canad. m. T
Leaves obtusate subacute not arrounded at apex. Perichetial
leaves not larger and not sheathing, the inner one subovate
shorter. Capsule oblong, not longer than beak; teeth none or
rudimentary; annulus not revoluble. Resembles W. tenuis in |
. size. — Calcareous rocks r. Amer. Can. Owen Sound: Macoun.
bb. Leaves acute; the lower oval very small, the upper
very much longer (about 4 m. m.); costa subexcurrent. Annu —
lus of capsule not found. :
29.W.linealifolia Kindb. — Gyroweisia Kindb. revue bryol -
1892 and Nuovo giorn. bot. ital. 1893. Hu
Upper leaves somewhat broader at base, crenulate-papillose -
all around; costa subexcurrent. Perichetial leaves from broader
base abruptly tapering to a sublinear by costa nearly filled ©
acumen. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth none; lid long-rostrate;
pedicel pale finally reddish. Stem with shoots at base as in -
W. tenuis, — Calcareous rocks r. Eur. Switzerl in a cavern -
near Lugano!
119. Syrrhopodon Schwegrichen.
1.8.texanus Sullivant icon. muscorum. d
Leaves hyaline-limbate and serrulate nearly all around, subli- -
near acute or obtuse; nearly all basal cells large hyaline, E
others very small opake; costa with 2 serrate lamellee near —
apex. Calyptra scabrous. Peristomial teeth with 2 or 3 arti- -
culations. Tufts dark green or blackish. — Amer. r. U. g
south. st.: Sawyer, com. Cardot. B
2.8.crispus Austin. — Calymperes Lesq. et Jam. tei
»Leaves hyaline-imbate in lower part, papillose-crenulate :
above, narrowly panduriform or lingulate, obtuse; basal cells |
larger, the upper very small. Tufts compact yellowish green, -
brown inside. — Amer. r. U. S. Florida»: Lesq. et Jame

-- 291 —

3.8.floridanus Sullivant icon. muse. RIT

Leaves not limbate, entire at the lower part of sheath, pa-
pillose-crenulate in its upper part, narrowly ovate-lanceolate,
tapering to the subobtuse apex; upper lamina furnished with
2 serrate lamelle at each border; the most cells small dusky,
only the lower basal Jarge hyaline; costa papillose, not serrate,
at back. Calyptra smooth. Peristomial teeth with 5—6 arti-
culations. Pedicel of capsule shorter than in the last. Tufts
brown-green. — Decayed logs r. Amer. r. U. S. south. st.: Fitz-
gerald, com. Renauld.

120. Dialytrichia (Schimper as subgenus) Limpricht.
1.D.Brebissoni Bridel. — Barbula Brid.; Dialytrichia Limpr.;
Cinclidotus Husnot; Tortula mucronata Lindb. l j

Leaves broad somewhat. long sublinear or sublingulate round-
obtuse carinate with thickened borders above the hyaline slightly
reflexed base; upper cells papillose subquadrate, the basal rect-
angular hyaline or faintly colored; costa thick short-excurrent.
Capsule suboblong; lid rostellate much shorter; teeth short
reddish papillose scarcely once contorted; basal tube short; pe-
dicel yellowish red. Stem branched 2—5 c. m. high us. erect. Tufts
large dark green or dirty brownish. Habit of Cinclidotus riparius.
— Base of trees near rivers or stones in rivulets r. Eur. Italy!
France: Husnot. Belgium: Roemer. Spain: Bolos, com. Venturi.
2.D.cancellata C. M. — Barbula C. M.; Dialytrichia Kindb.
Differs from the last: »Leaves yellowish green; stem nearly
. simple. Capsule cylindric; lid scarcely shorter; teeth smooth;
calyptra very rough, — Amer. r. U. 8. Texas: Boll»: C. M.
in Flora 1873.

121. Cinelidotus Beauvois.
A. Leaves narrow long sublinear or nearly subulate, falcate

= when moist.

— l.C.aquaticus Jacquin. — Hypnum Jacq.; Cinclidotus Br. eur.
Leaves crowded entire channelled narrowed from base, faintly
. Curved when dry; nearly all inner cells subquadrate faintly
pellucid, the marginal short-rectangular; costa thick sublinear
. exeurrent to a thick smooth point, occupying about !/, of la-
. Mina at base. Capsule oblong brown; lid subconic often nearly
as long; teeth brittle partly loosed with difficulty; pedicel short-
= exserted. Tufts’ brown or dark-green. Stem naked below

and much branching, often very long to 50 c. m. — Rivulets.
Eur, southern distr. somewhat r. Switzerl.!, Schimper. Austria:
Venturi. Italy: Arcangeli. Germany: Kolb.

= ÉD e

2.C.faleatus Kindb. revue bryol. 1887. Ig

Differs from the last: Leaves less crowded and dark green,
distinctly faleate also when dry; cells opake very chlorophyllose;
costa broader and gradually narrowed, occupying at least 1/3
of lamina at base, much narrower at apex and gen. not ex-
current. Stem not naked below, divided in long branches.
Capsules unknown. — Springs r. Eur. Greece: Heldreich.

B. Leaves broad obtusate or broadly acuminate, patent.
when moist; lower cells short rectangular. : i
3.C.riparius Host. — Gymnostomum Host; Cinclidotus Arnott.

Leaves concave entire sublinear-oblong or sublingulate gen.
obtusate obtuse; upper cells smooth... Capsule: oblong; teeth |
yellowish rudimentary; pedicel short-exserted. Stem .2—8 c.m. -
long sparingly branching often erect. Tufts blackish. — Stones —
princ. iu rivers, r. Eur. Germany: Holler. France: Guépin,
com. Husnot. Sweden: P. Olsson. Spain: Dieck, com. Roell.
4.C.fontinaloides Hedwig. — Trichostomum H.; Cinclidotus
Beauvois. duis

Leaves carinate sometimes denticulate at apex, ovate-oblong —
or. broadly ovate-lanceolate acuminate gen. acute; upper cells
sometimes faintly papillose. Capsule oval nearly immersed;
teeth reddish. Stems. fasciculate often to 10—15 e. m. long
with numerous short branchlets. Tufts olivaceous or brown. |
— Stones in springs and rivulets Eur. not r. in lower warmer
districts, r. in alps. Sweden, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. »Can.: -
Macoun»: Lesq. et Jam. i

Fam. 25. Calymperaceæ.
122. Calymperes Swartz.
1.0.Richardi C. Mueller. l QUT
»Leaves yellow-limbate at least in lower part, suboblong ob-
tuse; costa not excurrent. Calyptra slightly scabrous. Tufts.
loose»: C. M. — Trees r. Amer. »U. S. Florida»: Lq. et. Jam.
2.C.diseiforme C. Mueller. | Ai
»Leaves yellow-limbate suboblong; costa excurrent. Calyptra-
very scabrous. Tufts pulvinate. Barren’ branches with short
crowded leaves»: C. M: — Amer. r. »U. S. Florida»: Lq. et Jam

Fam.?6 Encalyptacee.

123. Enealypta Schreber. E
A. Peristome double. »Pedicel red.

I. Streptotheca. Capsule finally twisted, r. distinctly necked

— 293 —

. more or less ribbed; teeth red; endostome yellow; calyptra very
long, fringed below. Leaves limbate cucullate lingulate.

IL Diplolepis. Capsule necked, neither twisted nor sulcate;
endostome rudimentary adhering to teeth; calyptra us. fringed
when young. Leaves not limbate.

- B. Peristome simple or wanting. Monoecious. t»
a, Leaves not recurved. Capsule without. distinct. defluent
= neck; pedicel red. à M
III Rhabdotheea.. Capsule greenish or pale yellowish, sul-
cate when dry, often red-ribbed; peristome often present; ca-
lyptra not long, r. fringed. Leaves often limbate.
IV. Pyromitrium. Capsule pale brown not sulcate; peri-
stome none; calyptra long, often fringed when young. Leaves
limbate.

b. Capsule more or less distinctly necked; pedicel yellow
1n younger state. | Leaves recurved. i
V. Xanthopus. Capsule reddish r. sulcate, not ribbed; peri
stome us. present. Leaves not distinctly limbate.

: I. Streptotheca Kindb.

. A. Capsule very much twisted also when unripe. Leaves
Obtusate obtuse; costa hispid above at back, not excurrent.
Spores about 0,01 m. m. Ie
1.E.contorta Wulfen. — Bryum Wulf; Encalypta Lindb; E.
Streptocarpa Hedwig. :

- Outer perichetial leaves from broad base abruptly tapering
to a long sublinear obtuse acumen; the inner shorter with short
acute acumen. Pedicel faintly rough. Calyptra hispid at beak.
Sterile stems often with propagula. Dioecious r. fruiting. —
Rocks princ. caleareous. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Nor-
Way, Switzerl.! Austria: C. E. Kindberg. Amer. Can.: Macoun:
2.E.cucullata C. M. et Kindb. l. c. Un a
^Perichetial. leaves gradually long-acuminate acute with long
. hairpoint. Pedicel smooth. Calyptra hispid on the whole
Sürface. Stem without propagula. Monoecious. — Crevices of
alp. rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. pemods
B. Capsule faintly twisted, straight when unripe; pedicel
Smooth; calyptra hispid at beak. Upper leaves acute; costa
— often excurrent. Spores 0,02 m. m. Monoecious.
oH. procera Bruch. ESR 7 ;
c leaves gen. acute, sometimes with hairpoint; the peri-
€hetial] subovate short-aeuminate us. with hairpoint. . Capsule
Without distinct neck; teeth us. shorter than endostome. —

— 294 .—

Schistose rocks in alp. region r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can:
Macoun; Drummond 48.
4.E.Selwyni Austin. eet

Leaves more recurved than in the last; the upper and peri-
chetial longer-aeuminate with long hairpoint. Capsule some-
times with distinct neck and more twisted; endostome less
papillose, as long as teeth. — Alp. rocks r. Amer, Can. Pacif.
distr: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. | 3368

IL. Diplolepis Kindb.

A. Capsule not or scarcely longer than neck.
5.E.longicolla Bruch; Husnot m. Gall. E

Leaves long narrow sublinear-lingulate obtuse or acute, con- -
eave not recurved; costa excurrent to a short yellowish point. —
Perichetial leaves long, the inner not smaller, with long whitish —
hairpoint. Capsule brown with red neck; teeth purplish. Spores —
0,05—0,09 m. m. Calyptra long fringed nearly glabrous. — -
Calcareous soil in. alp. region r. Eur. »Austria, Switzerl., Ger
many»: Schimper.

B. Capsule much longer than neck. x

a. Leaves long narrow sublinear-lingulate; the perichetial
ovate-oblong. Calyptra long hispid fringed when young.
6.E.affinis Hedwig fil; Lindb. — E. apophysata Esenbeck et
Hornschuch.

Leaves more or less acuminate often acute, not or indistinctly
recurved; costa short-excurrent not piliform at apex. Capsule
brownish; teeth pale red. Spores about 0,02 in. m. — Alp.
rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden: Aongstreem, Austria: Breidler.
7.E.longipes » Mitten»: C. M. in herb. — »E. Macounii»: Britton.

Leaves gen. obtusate, distinctly recurved nearly all around;
costa not excurrent. Capsule reddish brown; teeth brown-yellow-
Spores about 0,03 m. m. — Clay banks in alp: region ©
Amer. Can. Rocky mts 2250 metr. a. sea: Macoun; Drummond
50 e, com. C. Mueller. sa, Ae

b. Leaves somewhat broad and not long, oblong-lingulate
or shorter; the perichetial us. subovate r. suboblong. 21201 3"

aa. Leaves distinctly recurved nearly all around; costa pot
excurrent without hairpoint. 2, qim
8.E.leiocarpa Kindb. cat. Canad. m. AGG

Leaves oblong-lingulate obtuse. Capsule brownish; teeth
brown-yellow; calyptra faintly rough, not fringed. Spores: bout
0,02 m. m. — Alp. rocks r.. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1800—
1850 metr. a. sea: Macoun. i> dA

`

— 295 —

bb. Leaves not or indistinctly recurved; costa long-excurrent
with hairpoint.
9.E.brevicolla Bruch.

Leaves oblonglingulate acute sometimes slightly recurved,
often serrate at apex, very concave; hairpoint whitish. Capsule
red; neck distinct; teeth whitish; calyptra short glabrous fringed
when young. Spores about 0,03 m. m. — Schistose rocks in
alp. regions in northern districts r.. Eur. Norway! Sweden:
E. Adlerz.

10.E.subbrevicolla Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves oblong-lingulate obtusate undulate not recurved, en-
tire gen. obtuse; hairpoint whitish. Perichetial leaves suboblong
acuminate. Capsule brownish with very short neck; teeth
whitish when moist, pale reddish when dry; calyptra somewhat
long with hispid beak, fringed when young. — Amer. r. Can.
northern Labrador: Macoun 1896.
11.E.labradorica Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves subovate obtuse or subacute entire not recurved; hair-
point whitish or at base yellowish. Capsule brownish with
_ distinct neck; teeth brown-yellow; calyptra short faintly rough

. not fringed. — Amer. r. Can. northern Labrador: Macoun 1896,

III... Rhabdotheca C. Mueller.

A. Leaves not distinctly limbate.
12.E.exstinetoria Swartz. — Mnium Sw. 1781; Encalypta Sw.
1799; Leersia vulgaris Hedwig 1787; Enealypta Hoffm. 1795.

Leaves short subspathulate .us. obtuse sometimes apiculate;
. Costa not or r. excurrent with short hairpoint, us. without
. hairpoint. Capsule red-mouthed not ribbed, finally sulcate
when dry; teeth wanting or rudimentary; pedicel elongate,
Calyptra pale yellow not fringed, more or less hispid. Spores
about 0,03 m. m. Tufts green low, radiculose only at base.
— Clay or sand on walls and rocks. Hur. common at least
below alps. Sweden! Italy: Arcangeli. Greece: Heldreich.
Amer, r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
* E.tenella Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 65.

Leaves shorter, suboval gen. arrounded at apex sometimes
With long hairpoint. Capsule small; teeth wanting; pedicel not
much emergent. Calyptra whitish néarly smooth very small.

Plants very small. — Amer. r. U. S. Montana: Roell.

B. Leaves limbate below. ; :
a. Tufts dense very radiculose, brown below, often high.

,

— MOM...

13.E.rhabdoearpa Schw:egrichen.

Leaves suboblong or oblong-lanceolate obtusate us. subacute;
costa often excurrent sometimes piliferous, Capsule us. red-
ribbed and oblong-cylindrie; teeth orange or purplish. -Calyptra
short hispid not fringed. Spores 0,04—0,05 m. m. — Cal-
careous and schistose rocks. Eur. common in alps. Sweden
(also below alps), Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can. not r.: Macoun,
* E.leiomitra Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Capsule short suboblong; teeth nearly blunt; calyptra glabrous.
Leaves short-lingulate; costa subpercurrent. Tufts low... —
Amer. r, Can.: J. M. Macoun.

* E.leptodon Bruch. — Leersia rhabdocarpa *leucodontea Kindb.
Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw. dido

Capsule less distinctly ribbed; teeth whitish often rudimen-
tary or wanting. Leaves suboblong; costa not excurrent without
hairpoint. — Rocks. Ewr. not common, Norway! Sweden; M.
Huss. Switzerl.: Roell. T

b. Tufts less dense, radiculose only at base, green and not
high. Costa of upper leaves long-excurrent with hairpoint.
14.E.spathulata C. Mueller. E

Leaves oblong-spathulate us. obtuse. Peristome none. Ca-
lyptra fringed nearly glabrous. Capsule more or less sulcate.
Spores 0,03—0,04 m. m. — Stones and walls r. Eur. Sweden! -
Austria Transsilvania: Barth, com. C. Mueller. T.
15.E.subspathulata C. M. et Kindb. l. c. E

Leaves spathulate-lingulate obtuse. Capsule not ribbed, faintly —
sulcate when dry; teeth pale- high or partly incomplete and :
membranose. Calyptra hispid above, not fringed. Spores 0,04
—0,05 m. m. Tufts low not dense. — Earth r. Amer. Can.
Brit. Col.: Macoun:

IV. Pyromitrium Wallroth. us
16.E.alpina Smith 1805. — E commutata Esenbeck et Horn
schuch 1827. i d

Leaves deeply impressed at both sides above the short erect |
nearly sheathing base, sublingulate acute more or less attenuate; :
costa often excurrent. Perichetial leaves us. piliferous. Calyptra |
brownish. glabrous. Spores 0,03—0,04 m: m.. Tufts tomentose-
often high and brown. — Alp. rocks. Eur. common in northern -
districts, otherwhere r. Norway! Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts:
Drummond. 49. : vajini

V. Xanthopus Kindb. —-—
c A. Capsule not sulcate. lub cs

— 297 —

17.E.ciliata Hedwig. — Leersia H.; Encalypta Hoffmann.

. Leaves lingulate subacute not long; costa nearly smooth at
back, often excurrent to a yellowish point. Capsule with short
less distinct neck and pale mouth; teeth orange erect when
moist, appressed to mouth when dry, faintly papillose and us.
brittle. Calyptra fringed also when old, us. glabrous r. rough
at beak. Spores about 0,03 m. m. — Earth and stones also
in alps. Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
. »Greenl.»: Berggren.

*E.microstoma Balsamo et Notaris.

~ »Capsule with narrow mouth and distinct neck; teeth irre-
gular us. wanting. — Earth in alps r. Eur. Austria; Switzerl.»:

Limpricht.

18.E.Maeounii »Austin»: Macoun. —— Leersia borealis Kindb.

Laubm. Schwed. u. N.

Leaves gen. narrowly lingulate; costa longer-excurrent than
in the last. Capsule with distinct often somewhat long neck
and brown mouth; teeth brown-red or red, erect when dry,
appressed to mouth when moist, distinctly papillose and not

brittle. Calyptra as in the last. Spores about 0,04 m. m. —
Rocks. Eur. in alp. regions not common. Norway! Switzerl.:

Husnot mi. Gall; H. Forssell. Amer. Can. not r: J. Macoun
(also original specimen determined by Austin). Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

B. Capsule distinctly sulcate when dry.
19.E.alaskana Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves short subobovate subobtuse; costa nearly smooth,
scarcely excurrent. Capsule with very short neck and brown
mouth; teeth as in the last. Spores about 0,02 m. m. Calyptra
not seen. — Arctic district r. Amer. Alaska; J. M. Macoun.

194. Mereeya Schimper. I
lM.ligulata Spruce. — Encalypta Spruce; Merceya Schimp.
— "Leaves lanceolate-lingulate cucullate arrounded af apex, re-

flexed below but not limbate, not or indistinctly papillose;
Wpper' cells small round-quadrate, the basal rectangular; costa
. not exeurrent. Capsule oblong; teeth none; pedicel long. Stem
simple or bifureate. Tufts dense, brownish below, yellow-green
at the tips, 2—4 c. m. high. — Wet rocks r. Eur. France:
Renauld; Jeanbernat. Austria: Breidler.
2.M.latifolia Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI. -
Leaves broadly spathulate-ingulate obtusate obtuse or sub-

acute, slightly reflexed near base, broadly limbate by —

— 298 —

colored larger cells, smooth; other cells as in the last; costa
percurrent or scarcely excurrent. Capsules unknown. Stem
divided. Tufts dense, brown-ferruginous below, green at the
tips, about 3 c. m. high. Habit of Barbula ruralis. — Wet
rocks r. Amer, Pacif. distr. Can. Vane. isl »U. S. Calif.»
C. M. herb.

Fam. 27. Orthotrichacez.

125. Orthotrichum Hedwig.
A. Stomata of capsule superficial. .
~.a. Leaves partly or wholly involute, not carinate. Dioe-
cious. |
I. Coelophyllum. Leaves short concave obtuse; cells gen.
short. Capsule immersed sulcate strangulate when dry; calyp-
tra scabrous; teeth reflexed when dry, broader than the cilia.
b. Leaves gen. carinate and recurved nearly all around,
not crisped. Monoecious or (O. exiguum) dioecious.
IL Doreadion. Capsule r. strangulate; calyptra us. hairy.
aa. Capsule narrow subcylindric not distinctly constricted,
us, exserted.
. l. Speciosa. Capsule nearly smooth at least when young;
cilia narrow; teeth us. opake and connate in pairs. Leaves —
carinate gen. long. 5
bb. Capsule thick oval-oblong strangulate and sulcate, us.
immersed; cilia narrow.
2. Arctica. Leaves short often subcanaliculate, us. obtuse.
3. Affinia. Leaves long carinate us. acute. |
CC. Capsule thick suboval not strangulate.
4. Rupestria. Capsule immersed or emergent, more Or
less sulcate; teeth erect or patent when dry, joined in pairs.
but us. subpartite; cilia narrow. Leaves long carinate. ——
9. Leiocarpa. - Capsule wholly or partly immersed, not
sulcate; cilia very broad; teeth not connate. Leaves sometimes —
Short and nearly flat at borders. .
€. Leaves faintly or not carinate, partly recurved or wholly |
flat at borders, us. long and crisped. Sometimes dioecious. -
II. Lyellina. Capsule us. immersed; cilia somewhat broad. -
Leaves not or faintly crisped; alar cells not hyaline, Dioecious, -
often (in Europe) with propagula. when sterile. dic seti
IV. Ulota. Capsule exserted; cilia narrow. Leaves more Or
less distinctly crisped; alar cells mostly pluriseriate and hyaline. -
Tufts us. pulvinate. Monoecious, ane

— 299 —

V. Pseud-Ulota. ^ Capsule exserted; cilia narrow. Leaves
strongly crisped; hyaline alar cells uniseriate or indistinct.
Tufts pulvinate. Dioecious very r. fruiting, often with propa-
gula when sterile. ^

B. Stomata of capsule immersed.

VI. Calyptoporus. Capsule often strangulate; cilia us. sub-
filiform. Leaves more or less recurved, gen. not crisped. Mon-
oecious.

à. Leaves partly flat at borders. Plants gen. small.

1. Psiloearpa. Capsule immersed thick neither sulcate nor
strangulate. Leaves not crisped.

2. Microcarpa. Capsule immersed thick sulcate us. stran-
gulate. Leaves not crisped.

3. Pulchella. Capsule narrow subcylindrie sulcate not di-
stinctly strangulate, us, exserted. Leaves more or less crisped.

b. Leaves recurved nearly all around, not crisped. Capsule
sulcate.

aa. Leaves with hyaline hairpoint.
| 4. Diaphana. Capsule immersed not strangulate. Plants small.

: bb. Leaves without hairpoint.
| | 5$. Rivularia. Capsule immersed. Leaves channelled short
broadly obtuse; cells large thin-walled, the upper polygonal;
costa abbreviate. Plants gen. large, growing in or near water,
r. fruiting.
.6. Cupulata. Leaves carinate long gen. acuminate acute;
upper cells small rotundate thick-walled; costa gen. percurrent.
Capsule sometimes not strangulate; teeth not appressed to it.
. Plants often large, growing on rocks or less often on trees.

7. Pumila. Leaves more or less distinctly carinate often
obtuse; upper cells small rotundate thick-walled; costa gen.
percurrent. Capsule us. strangulate; teeth appressed to it when

Plants small us. pulvinate, growing on trees or less often
on rocks.
; I. Coelophyllum Kindb.
^A. Capsule with nearly as long neck; teeth orange. -
l.O.obtusifolium Schrader.

Leaves ovate-oblong obtusate not involute at apex, also the
perichetial; costa pellucid not percurrent. — Trees and roofs.

r. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. not common.
Van. Macoun. x ; À
20.inflexum C. Mueller syn. — »O. brachytrichum Schim-

per»: Lesq. et Jam. ? ` dues

Leaves narrower than in the last and less obtusate or sub-
acute subinvolute nearly all around; eells larger; costa shorter,
sometimes ceasing far below apex? — Trees r. Amer. Can.:
Macoun. |

B. Capsule with short neck; teeth wanting.
3.0.gymnostomum Bruch. /

Leaves subovate-oval obtusate obtuse involute all around;
costa subpercurrent brown opake. Perichetial leaves narrower
sometimes acute. — Trees princ. Populus tremula r. Eur.
Sweden not uncommon, Norway! Amer. Can.: Waghorne. .

II. Dorcadion Adanson; Lindberg.
1. Speciosa.

A. Capsule short-emergent; pedicel very short; teeth free
or slightly connate at base. CE
4,0.Bolenderi Sullivant icon. muscor. ja

Leaves ovate-lanceolate short-acuminate subacute, faintly re-
curved below, flat above, faintly papillose, appressed when dry,
falcate when moistened. Capsule short-necked, smooth when
young finally sulcate; teeth yellowish appressed when dry;
calyptra hairy. Tufts about 3 c; m. high. — Rocks r. Amer.
»U. 8.»: Sullivant.
5.0.psilothecium C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter often obtuse or obtusate, -
recurved nearly all around, less papillose, not appressed when.
dry. Peristomial teeth not connate. Calyptra finally glabrous.
Tufts 1—2 c. m. high. Capsule greenish as in O. affine. —
Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U, S. Oregon: Roell. 9

B. Capsule exseried gen, long-emergent; teeth connate in
pairs. 5
a. Capsule arrounded below, not defluent to the short neck.
6.0.levigatum Zetterstedt. — O. rhabdophorum Venturi ? .

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate short-acuminate not subulate. |
Capsule brown us. wholly smooth; pedicel longer. Tufts dark
green or blackish not high. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway:
J. E. Zetterstedt; I. Hagen. — Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoün. -

b. Capsule defluent to the long neck. st

aa. Capsule not or very faintly sulcate when old.
7.0.Kingii Lesquereux; Sullivant icon. m. Ht

Leaves as in the last but nearly appressed when dry. Capsule
longer or shorter than pedicel; teeth whitish erect when dry;
calyptra hairy. Tufts as in the last, 1—2 c. m. high. -— Rocks t. -
Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Qardot. -

— 801 —

bb. Capsule us. distinctly suleate when old.
8.0.speciosum Esenbeck.

- Leaves ovate-lanceolate subulate-acuminate or r. subobtuse at
‘apex, not or r, appressed when dry, faleate when moistened.
Capsule pale brown when ripe; teeth whitish or pale yellow,
us. appressed to it when dry; cilia not sinuous; pedicel shorter
than capsule; calyptra hairy. Tufts us. pale or yellowish green;
stem us. long. — On trees or less often on stones. Eur. com-
mon, but r. in alp. regions. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

*Q.elegans Schwegrichen. —

Capsule pale or greenish; teeth pale yellow; calyptra nearly
glabrous. Tufts 1—2 c. m. high. — Eur, r. »Finl.»: Lind-
berg. Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot. (Asia, Sibiria: H. W. Arnell).
9.0.Roellii Venturi.

Differs from ©. speciosum: Capsule longer exserted shorter
than pedicel; teeth pale yellow erect when dry. — Rocks r.
Amer. U. S.: J. Roell.

* O.stenoearpum Venturi. — O. lonchothecium C. M. et Kindb.

Capsule less distinctly sulcate; teeth often smooth. Leaves
. dark green nearly appressed when dry. — Rocks r. Amer.

Can. Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

* 0.Schlotthaueri Venturi.

Capsule longer than pedicel; teeth sometimes appressed when
dry. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Roell.

. 10.0.Killiasii C. Mueller. à

Leaves ovate-lanceolate shorter and shorter-subulate than in
= O. speciosum, appressed when dry, not falcate when moist.
. Capsule faintly sulcate; teeth yellowish erect when dry; cilia
sinuous; pedicel shorter than capsule; calyptra finally glabrous.
Tufts brown 1--3 e, m. high. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway,
Switzerl. Amer. U. S.: Roell.

2. Arctica. s
11.0.Pylaisii Bridel; C. M. syn. — O. Breutelii Hampe; O.
Blyttii Schimper.

Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate more or less
obtuse, narrowly or slightly reflexed, faintly open when mol-
Stened; cells gen. short. Capsule suboval; teeth not or faintly

perforate; cilia short or rudimentary; calyptra hairy.

Leaves short us. faintly papillose; costa subpercurrent. Cap-
sule exserted distinctly sulcate; teeth opake; pedicel long. Tufts
olive-green or brown. — Rocks near sea in northern princ.

— 802 —

arctic distr. r. : Eur. Norway: E. Nyman; I. Hagen. Spetsber-

gen: Berggren. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. ` Can.: Waghorne.

* Q.brevinerve Lindberg. -.
»Leaves nearly smooth; costa abbreviate. Tufts brown. — -

Eur. r. Finl»: Lindb. musci scandin.

* 0.Sommerfeltii Schimper.

. Leaves longer nearly smooth; costa subpercurrent. Tufts green

or yellowish green. —- Eur. r. Norway: W. Baur; Arnell.

* 0.mieroblephare Schimper.

»Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate distinctly papillose; costa sub- - E

percurrent. Capsule faintly sulcate; teeth smooth above; pedicel
short. Tufts blackish, — Eur. r. Finl.»: Lindb. l. c.
* Q.arcticum Schimper. ila
Leaves as in the last. Capsule faintly sulcate- not wholly
exserted; teeth opake; pedicel short. Tufts blackish or dark
green. — Eur. r.. Norway: Zetterstedt; W. Baur. Russia: Bro-
therus.
* 0.groenlandicum Berggren.
»Differs in peristomial teeth separated not connate in pairs.
Amer. r. Greenl.»: Berggren.
12.0.sordidum Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. icon. m.
Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate gen. acute

sometimes short-acuminate, faintly papillose and broadly recur- — A

ved, open when moistened; inner basal cells narrow. Capsule
broad-oval or subpiriform immersed or nearly exserted; teeth

opake perforate above; cilia long; calyptra sparingly hairy; pe — j

dicel very short. Tufts dusky green about 1 c. m. high. —
Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

9. Affinia.
13.0.affine Schrader. T

Leaves ovate-lanceolate us. subulate-acuminate and very pa
pillose. Capsule oblong yellowish green defluent to the long
neck; teeth pale perforate (fenestrate) above, finally appressed;
pedicel very short; calyptra sparingly hairy. Tufts green us.
2—3 c. m. high. —.On trees r. on stones, sdi common.
Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. x. Can.: Macoun. a
a fastigiatum Bruch. — O. neglectum and O. appendiculatum

mp. pi AE C

Leaves shorter-acuminate less papillose. Capsule. suboval;
calyptra nearly glabrous. Tufts us. pulvinate and about 1 c. m.
high. Habit of O. pumilum. — Trees. Eur, not uncommon.
Sweden, Switzerl| | Germany; Warnstorf, itm

— 303 —

. *(.aeuminatum Philibert.

I Capsule more abruptly narrowed below, sometimes suboval;
= teeth rudimentary. — Trees r. Eur. France: Philibert. Italy:
Venturi.

* Q.prz:emorsum Venturi.

Leaves less papillose. Capsule oval; teeth often rudimentary,
deflexed when evolute; calyptra hairy. Stem 2—3 c. m. high.
Rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Roell.

4. Rupestria.
14.0.rupestre Schleicher.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate often rigid, us. faintly papillose and
not subulate-acuminate. Capsule brown gradually narrowed
below, us. immersed; pedicel us. shorter; teeth yellowish. Tufts
us. brown or blackish and riot high. — Us. growing on rocks.
Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

* 0.Franzonii Notaris.

Tufts green. Leaves less rigid. — On trees and rocks r.

Eur. Switzerl.!

* 0.Sturmii Hornschuch.
Leaves longer acuminate subcanaliculate. Capsule arrounded

. below; teeth paler. Tufts us. blackish. — Rocks not common.
= Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl| France: Husnot, Amer. Can.:
Macoun. `
15.0.texanum Sullivant icon. muscor. ;
Differs from O. rupestre *Sturmii; Leaves distinctly carinate
and less rigid, sometimes nearly subulate; basal cells orange.
Peristomial teeth dark yellow or orange. Tufts us. brown-green.
Stem often very long. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.:

. Macoun.

16.0.Douglasii Duby; Lesq. et Jam. |

- Leaves ovate lanceolate long-acuminate subsubulate very pa-
pillose not rigid. Capsule pale brown nearly exserted, arroun-
ded below, nearly smooth when young; teeth erect whitish or
pale; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts yellowish green; stem often
long. — Alp. rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit: Col: Ma-
cota U. 8: Roe 7 r à

5. iocarpa. s

17.0.leiocarpum Br. eur. — O. striatum (Hedw.) Bridel.
"Leaves ovate-lanceolate subulate-acuminate earinate us. long.
Capsule brown-yellow suboval or oval-oblong quite smooth;

heck not distinct; teeth opake finally appressed, orange in

— 304 —

younger state; cilia yellowish narrower; calyptra not densely
hairy. Tufts green. or yellowish green 2—4 c. m. high. — -
On trees r. on rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.!
Amer. r. Can: Drummond 154.

* Q.Shawii Wilson. agt

Capsule yellowish; teeth pale; cilia unknown. Leaves with -
shorter, costa. Tufts dark green 1—2 c. m. high. — On trees r.
Eur. Switzerl| France: Philibert.
18.0.exiguum Sullivant icon. muscor. Su

Leaves small short gen. ovate-oblong, sometimes broadly ovate- —
lanceolate or sublinear, obtusate or short-acuminate gen. obtuse,
often nearly wholly flat or slightly reflexed at borders; cells
gen. sbort; costa subpercurrent or shorter. Capsule oval faintly _
striate when old; neck none or indistinct; cilia whitish broader —
than teeth; calyptra nearly glabrous; stomata ? Tufts small
green about 0,4 c. m. high. Dioecious. — Base of trees r.
Amer. U. S. Nat. Park: Roell.

III. Lyellina Kindb.

À. Capsule immersed; pedicel indistinct. Leaves nearly
appressed "when dry not flexuous, with numerous propagula.
19.0.Lyellii Hooker et Taylor. |

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate subulate-acuminate nearly
flat at borders. Capsule suboblong pale brown; cilia reddish;
calyptra sparingly hairy. Tufts dark green not high. Often
sterile. — On trees, Eur. not r. below alp. regions. Sweden,
lenas Switzerl.! Greece: Orphanides. (Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq.
et Jam. |

B. Capsule more or less emergent; pedicel distinct. Leaves.
without propagula, the upper us. flexuous or crisped.
20.0.papillosum Hampe, — O. Pringlei C. M. ali

'. Leaves as in the last but longer and recurved at least at-
one side to the greater part, more papillose also below... Cap-
sule longer, subcylindric brown and partly emergent. Stem us.
higher. Tufts us. yellowish or bright green. — Trees and rocks. -
Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun. U. S, Calif: Mrs L. C. Feely:
* O.strictum Venturi, !

Leaves dark green shorter, appressed when dry. — Amer. t,
Can.: Macoun. a
21.0.lyellioides Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. KH
Leaves long as in 0. papillosum, nearly flat or undulate at
borders, faintly papillose, not appressed when dry; the upper
crisped. Capsule narrow-cylindrie pale brown nearly wholly |

— 805 —

exserted; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts dark green, blackish
below, somewhat high. — Trees and rocks r. Amer. Can. Vane.
isl.: Macoun.

IV. Ulota Mohr. `

A. Leaves not or indistinctly crisped; hyaline alar cells gen.
uniseriate or indistinct.

a. Leaves longish not twisted; nearly all cells short.
22.0.americanum Beauvois. — Ulota MHutchinsie (Smith)
Hammar.

Leaves more or less recurved princ. at base, broadly ovate-
lanceolate gen. subobtuse at apex. Capsule thick piriform; ca-
lyptra densely hairy. Tufts green or blackish. — On rocks or
r. on trees, Hur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.
23.0.subulatum C. M. et Kindb. — Ulota C. M. et K. l. c.

Leaves not recurved, ovate-lanceolate subulate-filiform at apex,
nearly appressed when dry. Capsule small. narrow-clavate.
Tufts dark green or blackish. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col:
Macoun.

b. Leaves short faintly twisted when dry; basal cells long.
24.0.Barelayi Mitten. — Ulota Mitt.; Sulliv. icon. m.; Ortho-
trichum Kindb.

Leaves gen. ovate-oblong subacute, not or faintly recurved
below, flat to the greater part. Capsule subobovate thicker
than in O. americanum; calyptra sparingly hairy. Tufts brown-
green. — In alp. prine. arctic districts r. Amer. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun. U. S.: Roell. alier

B. Leaves long very crisped; hyaline alar cells gen. indi-
stinct.
25.0.megalosporum Venturi. — Ulota Vent.; Orthotrichum
Kindb.; Ulota subulifolia C. M. et Kindb. l, c.

Leaves recurved at base, subulate-piliform at apex; upper
cells rotundate, the basal long. Capsule small short-obovate
Suleate finally subcylindric; pedicel long thin; calyptra nearly
glabrous. Stem often creeping. — Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Can: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

C. Leaves more or less crisped; hyaline alar cells in several

rows,
a. Capsule gen. not wholly exserted; pedicel short. Leaves
long distinetly papillose nearly opake; nearly all cells short. .
26.0.c0uneetens Kindb. in Ottawa Natur. IV, 64. — Ulota
camptopoda Kindb. cat, Canad, m.

— 306 —

Leaves recurved below, often subulate at apex, very crisped;
alar cells in straight transverse rows. Capsule small obovate not
constricted; pedicel often curved or geniculate in younger state.
— Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. |

b. Capsule long-exserted; pedicel long. Inner basal leaf-
cells long.

aa, Leaves not long with long cylindric papille, faintly —
erisped; alar cells short-rectangular. Calyptra densely hairy. —
27.0.curvifolium Wahlenberg. — Ulota Bridel. i

Leaves obtusate acute or subobtuse, nearly flat at least a
base, not or slightly crisped when dry, open-erect straight when
moist. Capsule obovate sulcate in its whole length, finally
subeylindric; neck short; teeth finally deflexed. Tufts blackish —
below. — Rocks princ. in northern districts gen. r. Eur. Swe -
den and Norway, less r. in alps! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Wag-
horne.
28.0.seabridum Kindb. — Ulota Kindb. cat. Canad. m.; U.
americana Mitten ?

Leaves obtusate or broadly acuminate subobtuse, recurved
below to middle, distinctly crisped when dry, faleate when
moist. Capsule obovate or suboblong -sulcate in upper half
when young, finally subcylindric; neck somewhat long; teeth
erect. Tufts green or brown, dark brown below. — Rocks r.
Amer, Can. Rocky mte: Macoun.

bb. Leaves long with short papille, nearly smooth at least
at borders, us. not strongly crisped (at least the elder); alar
cells subquadrate. Calyptra densely hairy. Stem us. decum-
bent.. Peristome not appressed; cilia very short, us. wanting.
29 0.Ludwigii Bridel. — O. coarctatum Beauvois. eei

Capsule thick piriform with short stripes near the small
mouth; teeth erect. — On trees gen. r. Eur. Sweden, Norway!
France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne; Drummond 146.
30.0.Drummondii Hooker et Greville. — Ulota Bridel.

Capsule narrowly piriform attenuate to mouth, striped to
neck; teeth patent when dry. — Trees in northern distr. r. Eur
Sweden, Norway! Scotl.: Hunt, com. Husnot. Amer. Can.: '
horne. l

cc. Leaves long with short papillæ, not recurved at base, :
strongly erisped. Peristome with long cilia. Stem erect. Cap-
sule us. finally &ubcylindrie. i -
31.0.calvescens Wilson. — Ulota Wils; Orthotrichum Kindb.

Leaves us. subulate at apex; upper cells rotundate, the outer

— 807 —

basal long-rectangular (often to middle of leaf) in straight rows.
Capsule not. deeply suleate, not strangulate; pedicel thin very
long; calyptra sparingly hairy. — Trees r. Bur. Irel Stewart
and Holt.

32.0. Bruchii Hornschuch. — Ulota Hsch.; Orthotrichum Wilson.
^ Leaves us. subulate at apex; upper cells rotundate, the outer
basal 'short-rectangular in straight rows. Capsule deeply sul-
cate; calyptra densely hairy. — On trees or very r. on stones.
Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Amer.
r. Can.: Macoun. j
33.0.obtusiusculum C. M. et Kindb. — Ulota C. M. et K. l. c.

Differs from the last: Leaves more or less obtuse at apex;
upper and middle cells oval-oblong. Capsule narrower; pedicel
longer and thinner. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. and
Vanc. isl.: Macoun.
34.0.ulophyllum Ehrhart. — Bryum striatum var. ulophyllum
Ehrh. 1780;. Weisia ulophylla Ehrh. 1787; Orthotrichum Kindb.;
O. crispum Hedwig 1788; Ulota Brid. 1819. .

Differs from O. Bruchii: Outer leaf-cells rhombic-quadrate in
oblique rows. Capsule shorter, us. strangulate, — On trees.
Eur. not uncommon. France! Sweden: Zetterstedt. Amer, r.
| Can: Macoun; Waghorne.

*O.erispulum Bruch. — Ulota Bruch; Orthotrichum Br. eur.
. Capsule not strangulate, oval or round-oval not defluent to
neck. —: Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway, France! Amer.
Can. not r.: Macoun; Waghorne. :

* 0.intermedium Schimper. — Ulota Sch.; Orthotrichum Kindb.

Capsule not or faintly constricted, finally subcylindric, suboval-
oblong when young. — Sometimes on rocks, gen. r. Eur.
Norway! Sweden: P. Olsson. Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne. Miquelon isl.: Delamare, com. Cardot..
35.0.Rehmanni Juratzka. — Ulota Jur; Orthotrichum Kindb.
P Differs from O. ulophyllum *crispulum: Leaves less crisped;

alar cells quadrate. Calyptra nearly glabrous. — Trees r.
Austria: Breidler, com. C. Mueller. s 3o

V. Pseud-Ulota Kindb. _ ons
36.0.jutlandicum Bridel. — Ulota phyllantha Brid. in part.

Leaves sublinear above middle, short-acuminate often sub-
obtuse, nearly flat at borders, faintly papillose; nearly all basal
cells long; costa smooth. Capsule oblong; neck long; teeth
erect; pedicel long straight thin. —. On trees princ. near. sea

— NE ae

gen. r. Eur. Germany: C. Mueller. Norway: J. Roell. France:
Husnot. Amer. Can. fruiting: Macoun; Waghorne.
37.0.maritimum OC. M. et Kindb. — Ulota cat. Can. m.; U.
phyllantha Bridel in part. f

Differs from the last: Leaves gradually attenuate to the subu-
late apex, more distinctly. papillose also on costa. Capsule
broad-oval; neck short; pedicel shorter and thicker, curved when -
moistened. — Rocks near sea less r. Hur, Sweden not uncom- |
mon! Norway: E. Nyman, Amer. Can. fruiting: J. Macoun.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

VI. Calyptoporus Lindberg.
i 1. Psilocarpa.
38.0.psiloearpum James. — Sullivant icon. musc.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtusate subobtuse faintly
papillose, recurved below, sometimes faintly crenulate at apex;
cells small, the basal short. Capsule broad-oval finally sub-
oblong; neck not distinct; lid mamillate; teeth free opake erect;
cilia narrow; calyptra glabrous. Stem about 0,5 c. m. long.
— Trees r. Amer. U. S.: James, com. C. Mueller. Can.: Macoun.

2. Microcarpa. |
39.0.mierocarpum Notaris; Husnot muscol. gall.

Leaves flat at borders at least at one side, nearly smooth,
gen. obtuse suboblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate; basal cells
short. Capsule suboval; neck not distinct; teeth papillose yello-
wish connate in pairs, appressed when dry; calyptra glabrous.
— On small trees princ. Morus r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano!
40.0.Hallii Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. icon. m.

Leaves recurved below middle, distinctly papillose, ovate-
lanceolate acute or subsubulate at apex; alar cells quadrate,
the inner basal short-rectangular. Capsule oval; neck not distinct;
teeth smooth whitish connate in pairs, erect when dry; calyptra
hairy. — Trees r, Amer. Can.: Macoun. —
41.0.Jamesii Sullivant icon. muscor. . i

Leaves faintly reflexed, very papillose with long cylindric
papille, broadly obtuse ovate-oblong; marginal cells quadrate,
the inner basal somewhat long-rectangular not hyaline. Capsule
obovate-piriform often with thick neck; teeth smooth pale,
wholly or nearly free, deflexed-appressed when dry; calyptra :
sparingly hairy. — Limestone rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. —

3. Pulchella. $
42.0.pulchellum Brunton. e
Leaves long narrow subulate at apex, recurved below, ü

— 809 —

above, very papillose with long papille, us. slightly crisped;
nearly all basal cells long. Capsule striped oblong finally cy-
lindric; teeth us. orange. Tufts yellowish green. — On trees
in warmer districts or r. on#stones. Eur. r. Sweden: Wahl-
stedt. Denmark: M. F. Lange. France: Husnot. Amer. Can.
not r. in Pacif. distr: Macoun. ;
*O.ulotæforme Renauld et Cardot. f

Leaves distinctly crisped. Peristome pale. — Amer. Can.:
Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.
43.0.Winteri Schimper; Limpricht.

Leaves short-acuminate acute, recurved nearly all around,
faintly papillose with short papillae, scarcely twisted, gen. shorter:
than in the last; outer basal cells short. Capsule faintly striate
oblong-cylindric; teeth pale. Tufts green, brown below. — Trees
and rocks r. Hur. Germany: Winter, com. C. Mueller, Amer.
Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.

; 4. Diaphana.
44.0.diaphanum Gmelin. — Bryum Gm.; Orthotrichum Schrader.
. Leaves broadly ovate-anceolate nearly smooth. Capsule
oblong smooth when young; neck short; calyptra nearly glabrous.
Stem 1 e. m. or shorter. — On trees or r. on stones. Eur.
not r. Sweden, Germany! Amer. r. »U. &»: Lesq. et Jam. —
* 0.canum Mitten. !
- »Capsule emergent. Leaves with shorter hairpoint. — Amer.
r. Can: Drummond»: Lesq. et Jam.
5. Rivularia.

45.0.rivulare Turner.
. "Leaves decurrent nearly smooth; alar cells rectangular very
large. Capsule oval short-necked; teeth opake. Tufts blackish.
Stem often long. — Stones and trees in running water r. Eur.
Engl: Rogers. France: Le Jolis; Husnot. Amer. U. 8.: Hen-
derson, com. Cardot. he

46.0.euryphyllum Venturi. dijon
Differs. from the last: Leaves not distinctly decurrent; alar

cells short-rectangular or indistinct. Capsule broad-oval; teeth:
less papillose. Stem about 2—3 c. m. — Stones in running
me r. Amer. U. 8.: Roell. T é
7.0.Sprucei Montagne. . i

: oh from O. iodine Leaves more papillose, not distinctly

decurrent;. cells larger, the alar quadrate. Capsule smaller.
Tufts low dark green. — Base of trees near water r. Eur.

France: Philibert.

— A

6. Cupulata.
nd Capsule not distinetly strangulate; teeth smooth erect
when dry.

a. Capsule narrow gen. longsexserted.
48.0.anomalum Hedwig. !

Leaves subcanaliculate and not subulate at apex, hyaline
. below, faintly papillose above. Capsule oblong or oblong-cy- —
lindric with brown stripes; teeth nearly free. — On stones,
less often on trees and roofs. — Eur. common. Sweden,
Norway, Switzerl.| Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

^b. Capsule thick suboval, sometimes immersed.
49.0.consimile Mitten; Sulliv. icon. musc.

Leaves not subulate at apex, faintly papillose above, hyaline
below.. Capsule us. long-exserted; teeth nearly free. Stem us. -
about 0,5 c. m. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.

* 0.anomaloides Kindb. n. subsp. es
Capsule less exserted; cilia shorter than teeth. Stem higher.
— Amer, r. Can.: Macoun. .

50.0.Watsoni James; Sulliv. icon. muse.

Leaves subulate at apex, strongly papillose with long cylin-
dric papille. Capsule wholly immersed; teeth connate in pairs.
Stem 1—2 c. m. high. — Alp. rocks r. Amer, »U. S.»: Lesq.
et Jam.

B. Capsule thick us. strangulate, more or less immersed;
teeth nearly free often papillose, often patent when dry. Leaves
carinate.

a. Peristomial teeth entire. a
51.0.urnigerum Myrin. — »0O. perforatum Limpricht»: Venturi.
Leaves very papillose, not hyaline below. Capsule us. W
indistinct neck; teeth papillose below, gen. erect when dry.
Tufts loose dark green. — Rocks princ. siliceous r. Eur. rit
Sweden less r.l; M. Huss. France: Puget.

52. O.cupulatum Hoffmann.

Leaves us. faintly papillose, often hyaline below. Capsile
with more or less distinct us. thick short neck; teeth gen.
smooth, often patent when dry. Tufts us. dense and brown
or blackish when dry. — Rocks. Eur. not uncommon. en
Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun.
* 0.nudum Dickson; Venturi. d

- Capsule subemergent with long not defineht iiock. tn — Eur.
not uncommon. Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler. ae Ro
France: Brébisson. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

— 811 —

* 0.Sardagns Venturi. ; ; !
Capsule with long defluent neck. — Dolomitic rocks r. Eur.

Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi.
*0.Venturii Notaris. "

Capsule with short subdefluent neck. — Rocks r. Eur.
»Austria»; Venturi.

b. Peristomial teeth gen. partite and papillose.
53.0.Leseurii Austin; Sulliv. ic. m.; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1896.

Leaves nearly smooth short obtusate subobtuse. Capsule
immersed with short very thick not defluent neck; teeth erect;
calyptra nearly glabrous. Tufts low. — Limestone rocks r.
| Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.

. *0.Porteri Austin.

»Capsule nearly exserted. Amer. r. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
94.0.Baldaeeii Venturi et Bottini. i

Leaves very papillose somewhat long and acuminate. Capsule
immersed with short defluent neck; teeth patent; calyptra spa-
tingly hairy. Tufts about 2 c. m. high. — Alp. calcareous
rocks r. Eur. Spain: Dieck, com. Roell. »Montenegro»: Bottini.

7. Pumila. ; 1
|. A. Capsule arrounded below when operculate, finally stran-
| gulate when dry. Calyptra campanulate.

. 95.0.Sehimperi Hammar. — O. fallax Schimper.

j Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate, gen. broadly obtuse and
. subcanaliculate; basal cells short-rectangular. Capsule suboval
. hot or slightly emergent; stomata nearly superficial; calyptra
. glabrous. — On trees and roofs. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden!
. Austria: Venturi. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

. 56.0.strangulatum Beauvois; Sulliv. icon. muse.

Differs from the last: Leaves often subulate at apex; basal
cells sometimes longer. Capsule finally exserted; calyptra spa-
tingly ‚hairy. — On trees or r. on rocks, r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

B. Capsule not arrounded below when operculate.

. & Capsule not distinctly constricted when. dry. Leaves
. Bübeanaliculate. E :

. 97.0.pallens Bruch. A
. Leaves not r. obtuse at apex, faintly papillose, more or less
long, often decurrent; inner basal cells somewhat long. Cap-
. 8üle partly emergent somewhat thick with long defluent neck,
Us. pale yellow; stomata us. not much immersed; teeth us.
. Orange; calyptra campanulate yellowish us. glabrous. Stem us.:
about 1 c. m. high. — On trees princ. in warmer districts.

— 312 —

Eur. not r. France, Switzerl.! Sweden: Groenwall. Amer, r.
»Can.»: Mitten. |
*@Q.scopulorum Lindberg. —- O. Arnellii and O. rufescens
Greenwall; Limpricht. » |
. Leaves obtuse at apex. Calyptra sometimes papillose. —
Rocks r. Eur. Finl: S. O. Lindberg. Sweden: Arnell.
* 0.Rogeri Bridel.

Leaves gen. obtuse. Capsule red brown; teeth reddish; sto-
mata more immersed. — Trees r. Eur. Austria: Arnold in Ra-
benhorst bryotheca n. 1239. Norway: Kaurin. Amer. »U. S»:
Cardot. A o
58.0.ohioénse Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Sulliv. icon. m. -

Differs from O. pallens: Leaves decurrent, nearly smooth;
inner basal cells short-rectangular, the outer subquadrate, the
alar larger and rectangular. Capsule thick often immersed;
neck short; teeth pale; calyptra sparingly hairy. — On trees.
Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. C. Mueller. Can.: Macoun.
59.0.leucomitrium Bryol. eur. d
. Leaves: broadly acuminate, gen. acute or subsubulate at apex,
faintly papillose; inner basal cells somewhat long. Capsule
greenish nearly or wholly exserted with long defluent neck,
narrower than in O. pallens; stomata much immersed; teeth
whitish sometimes not connate; calyptra narrowly conic whitish
nearly glabrous. Stem 0,5—1 c. m. high. — Trees (princ. -
Salix alba) in southern districts r. Switzerl.!; Philibert. Austria:
Venturi. France: Puget. t

b. Capsule finally strangulate. ie

aa. Capsule narrow oblong-cylindric, often exserted; neck.
long; calyptra narrowly conic. uas
60.0.tenellum Bruch. BA

Leaves long carinate very papillose; inner basal cells some-
what long. Capsule with defluent neck; teeth pale connate m-
pairs; calyptra yellow sparingly hairy. Stem 1—2 c. m; high. —
On trees princ. in lower districts. Eur. not common. Swi M
Sweden!; Grenwall. Italy: Venturi. Germany: Herpell. Amer.
r. Can.: Macoun. por

bb. Capsule thick oval-oblong, us. immersed; neck short;
calyptra broad. E:
61.0.stramineum Hornschuch. | p

Leaves us. long acute often carinate; inner basal cells long-
rectangular. Capsule piriform more or less emergent; teeth orange
papillose; ealyptra straw-colored us. with few short hair*

— 818 —

. Tufts 2—3 c. m. high. — On trees or r. on stones. Eur. com-
. mon below alp. regions. Sweden, France, Switzerl.! Germany:
Warnstorf.

62.0.alpestre Hornschuch. =

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, less acute and more
cs Peristomial teeth smooth above. Calyptra us. gla-
brous. Stem more radiculose. — On rocks in alp. regions, r.

on trees. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Amer,
r. »Can. and U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
63.0.pumilum Swartz.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate carinate us. acute; basal cells
short. Capsule suboblong immersed; teeth dark yellow; calyp-
ira glabrous pale yellow. Tufts about 1 c. m. high. — On
trees and roofs. Hur. not uncommon, Sweden, Switzerl.! France:
Husnot. »Amer.»: Venturi.
64.0.Braunii Bryol. eur.

Differs from the last: Leaves longer. Capsule thicker, oval-
piriform; teeth. paler. — On trees or r. on stones. Eur. r.
France: Berthoumieu. Norway: Bryhn.
65.0.cylindrocarpum Lesquereux; Sullivant icon. m.

.. Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtusate subobtuse subcana-
liculate; basal cells short. Capsule oval-oblong finally cylindrie
wholly exserted; calyptra hairy. Tufts 1 c. m. or lower. —
Rocks and trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

126. Maeromitrium Bridel.

A. Leaves closely imbricate when dry. Calyptra with long
hairs.
l.M.Sullivantii C. Mueller. — »M. Dregei» Sulliv. icon. m.

Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate broadly acuminate subacute
carinate, scarcely reflexed, slightly papillose, entire, patent-erect
when moist; cells round-oval; costa not percurrent. Perichetial
leaves longer and narrower. Capsule oblong-cylindric, contracted
at mouth, plicate at it and below when dry; exostome wanting
or imperfect; endostomial tube very low; lid rostrate-subulate;
= pedicel somewhat long; calyptra covering capsule. Branches
. reddish brown not crowded. Monoecious. — On pine trees r.
— Amer. »U. S.»: Sulliv.

. 2.M.Fitzgeraldi Lesquereux et James. |

: »Differs from the last in its dark brown color; branches
— yellowish; capsule larger, distinctly ribbed; lid shorter, conie
. and blunt; pedicel shorter; leaves longer; male flowers not
— found. — On trees r; Amer. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
p i 21

— 314 —

B. Leaves crisped when dry. Calyptra slightly hairy.
3.M.rhabdocarpum Mitten.
»Leaves linear-lanceolate acute or subobtuse and subapiculate,
carinate, not recurved, crenulate, papillose above, spreading-open
and slightly flexuous when moist; upper cells round, basal
oblong; costa yellowish percurrent. Perichetial leaves narrower, -
more acute. Capsule oval gradually narrowed to pedicel and -
to mouth, distinctly plicate; peristome simple: teeth short pale -
fragile; lid subulate; calyptra covering capsule.: Branches not
crowded. — Amer. U. S., Florida»: Lesq. et Jam. b
127. Schlotheimia Bridel. ee
1.S.mucronifolia Hooker et Greville. — Macromitrium H. G.;
Schlotheimia Kindb.

Leaves sublinear or oblong-lingulate, obtuse often subtruncate,
carinate, sometimes recurved, broadly limbate at one side below,
entire indistinctly papillose not rugose, patent and. faintly ,cur;
ved when moist, slightly crisped when dry; cells very small
round-oval, lower marginal narrowly linear; costa dark brown,
depressed on upper side, very prominent at back, excurrent to
a thick deflexed point. Perichetial leaves similar. Capsule
suboblong, contracted at mouth, not süleate; teeth wanting; lid
rostrate; pedicel not long; calyptra glabrous or slightly rough
above, laciniate, covering half capsule. Branches red-brown
densely crowded. Monoecious. — Trunks of palms r. Amer.
»U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright, herb. Sullivant, com.
C. Mueller.) ;
2.8.Sullivantii C. Mueller; Sulliv. icon. muse. ind

Differs from the last: Leaves often rugose, neither recurved
nor limbate; basal cells rhomboidal; costa short-excurrent or
(in perichetial leaves) subpercurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric;
teeth deflexed when dry; segments: ciliiform; calyptra lobulate,
rough above, covering whole capsule, — Trees r. Amer. U. S:
com, Macoun and Cardot. is.

128. Zygodon Hooker et Taylor. TE
I. Eu-Zygodon. Leaves green papillose carinate not recurved;
cell-walls thickened. Perichetial leaves not sheathing. Dioecious.
II. Gymnocephalus. Leaves nearly plane or somewhat eon
cave, bluish when moistened; cells smooth with thin hyaline
walls. Monoecious. m:
III. Amphidium. Leaves green papillose carinate often recur-
ved at one side; cell-walls not thickened. Perichetial leaves
sheathing. Capsule piriform, long-necked; peristome none. .

— 815 .—

; I. Eu-Zygodon.

E À. Leaves sublinear apiculate us. not falcate; cells not opake.

. Tufts small low.

a. Costa of leaves not excurrent. Capsule suboval.
1.Z.viridissimus Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Zygodon R. Brown.

Leaves gen. complicate above, r. dentate near apex, patent

. or curved when moist, green when dry. Capsule with short

neck; teeth none. Often with propagula. — Trees. Hur. not

r. France: Le Jolis. Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun; Drum-

mond 27.

* Z.rupestris Lindb. |

Leaves narrower with longer pellucid terminal cell (point),
often faleate, us. brown when dry.— Rocks somewhat r. Eur,
Sweden!
2.2.conoideus Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Zygodon Hooker et

Taylor; Z. Brebissoni Br. eur.

Leaves entire not complicate above, suberect when moist;
cells larger than in the last. Capsule with longer and narro-
wer neck; peristome double. — Trees r. Eur. Engl: Holt.
France; Brébisson; Le Jolis; Camus. Amer. »U. 8.»: Cardot.

b. Leaves with excurrent costa. Capsule round-oval; teeth

|J none.

. 3.Z.Stirtoni Schimper; Braithwaite. [
Leaves entire gen. not complicate above, suberect when moist.
Often with propagula. — Rocks and stonewalls r. Eur. Engl.:
Holt. Sweden: Berggren. ,
— B. Leaves ovate-lanceolate dentate above, falcate when moist;
upper cells small opake; costa not excurrent, Tufts large;
. stem long.
4AZ.gracilis Wilson; Braithwaite. TENE
Leaves broadly long-acuminate. Capsule cylindric with short
neck; peristome double. Tufts dark green. Habit of Barbula
reflexa. — Calcareous rocks r. Eur. Engl.: Rogers; Holt.
5.Z.Sullivantii C. Mueller; Sullivant ic. m.
Leaves subulate-acuminate. Capsules unknown. Tufts brown-
yellow, — Rocks r Amer. »U. S.»: Sullivant.
E II. Gymnocephalus Schweegrichen. i
— 6.Z.Forsteri Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Zygodon Wilson.
Leaves flaccid entire sublingulate acute or short-acuminate;
. Upper cells roundish, the hyaline basal rectangular; costa us.
= subpercurrent. Capsule piriform or oblong-eylindrie with
long neck; peristome double. Tufts small. — On bark of

- sterile.

— 316 —

trees (Fagus) r. Eur. ltaly: Levier. France: Guépin, com.
Husnot.
* Z.Sendtneri Juratzka.

Leaves somewhat narrower; costa gen. excurrent. — On bark
of Ostrya r. Eur. »Istria»: Sendtner. RTN m
HI. Amphidium Limpricht (Amphoridium Schimp.;

Lesq. et Jam.) NA 4
A. Leaves subulate-acuminate very long, often red-brown. —
Dioecious. :
a. Capsule exserted; lid rostrate. Perichetial leaves with
not excurrent costa. Other leaves recurved below at one side,
entire or in upper part faintly sinuolate. Stem gen. high.
7.Z.Mougeotii Bryol. eur. kt
Leaves flexuous not distinctly crisped; the perichetial not
much broader, short-sheathing gradually long-subulate. — Rocks.
Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl., Spain! Amer. Can.:
Waghorne.
8.Z.crispatus Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.
Leaves erisped entire with longer acicular point than in the
last; the perichetial broader, long-sheathing, abruptly narrowed
to the subulate shorter point. —- Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Can.: Macoun. x ;
b. Capsule not exserted; lid obtuse or apiculate. Periche-
tial leaves with long-excurrent costa, Other leaves gen. distantly
serrulate above. Stem low when fruiting, often high when

9.2.californieus Hampe. id
Leaves crisped more or less reflexed below at one side, with |
long acicular point, us. red-brown; the perichetial not broader,
short-sheathing . gradually long-subulate. — Rocks r. — Amer.
Pacif. distr: Macoun. i
*Z.cwspitosus Mitten. — Didymodon Mitt.; Zygodon Kiudb.
Leaves not reflexed less acicular. Capsules unknown. Vi
Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun. l
B. Leaves acute fuscescent not long. Monoecious. De
gern deme Hedwig. — Gymnostomum H; Zygodon é
r. eur. ES
Leaves crisped entire not or slightly reflexed, sublinear or-
nearly gradually attenuate; the perichetial very much broader,
long-sheathing, abruptly narrowed to a short point; costa fai
abbreviate. Capsule scarcely exserted; lid rostellate. Tuf
dense gen. low. — Rocks princ. in alps. Eur. not uncommon

aw OF ee

Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. Can.:
Macoun; Moser.

*Z.decipiens Kindb. n. subsp.
| Perichetial leaves longer acuminate; costa long-excurrent. —-
| Amer. r. Can. Pacif. distr: Macoun.
E 129. Anoectangium Schweegrichen.
|. I. Pleurozygodon. Leaves small entire obtusate or short-

| acuminate.

. IL Molendoa. Leaves large from short crenulate base tape-
_ ring to a long subulate channelled acumen.
1 I. Pleurozygodon Lindberg.
| 1.A.,compactum Schweegrichen.
| . Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate acute or apiculate, us. spirally
twisted about stem when dry; costa yellow subpercurrent. Cap-
= sule obovate or oval-oblong; pedicel yellow. Tufts us. brownish
With green tops, sometimes bright green. Stem often abruptly
. foliate. Habit of Zygodon lapponicus and Grimmia (Strepto-
— phyllum). — Rocks prine. in alps.. Hur. less r. Norway, Switzerl.!
. Sweden: P. Olsson. Amer, r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.:
. Eberlin, com. Roell.
— * A.brevifolium (Juratzka as var.) Kindb. n. subsp. — Molendoa
. tenuinervis Limpricht .?
Stem not abruptly foliate. Leaves crowded much smaller,
half as long and. broad, ovate-oblong subobtuse nearly all brown,
faintly twisted; cells less dusky; costa brown. Tufts more com-
pact, ferruginous when dry. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway in
Dovrefjeld! j
2.A.Peckii Sullivant ic. m. — »A. pellucidum Wilson»: Braith-
waite.
Differs from A. compactum: Leaves sublinear longer and nar-
rower, longer subulate at apex. Plants larger. Capsules un-
known. — Rocks r. Eur. »Scotl: Wilson»: Braithwaite. Amer,
>U. S.»: Sullivant. DU
3.A.Sehliephaekei Limpricht. — Pleuroweisia Limpr.
. Leaves linear obtuse crowded erect when dry; costa. yellow
not percurrent. Capsule oval. Tufts green above, 1—2 c. m.
high. — Calcareous rocks in alp. region r, Eur. »Switzerl.:
Grief»: Limpricht.
hi JJ JL Molendoa Lindberg.
4 A.Hornschuchii Funck.
Upper leaves green; basal cells narrow; costa sometimes ex-
current, Capsule obovate with somewhat long neck; pedicel

— 318 —

long (as in other species), often emergent above tufts. Stem -
often high. — Wet calcareous alp. rocks r. Eur. Austr;
Breidler. LE
* A.Sendtneri Bryol. eur. $

Leaves brown more crisped; costa not excurrent. Pedicel — |
not emergent above tufts. — Eur. r. Switzerl: Schimper.

Fam. 28. Meeseacee.

130. Paludella Ehrhart.
1.P.squarrosa L. — Bryum L.; Paludella Bridel.

Leaves decurrent crowded; lamina serrulate ovate acute or |
short-acuminate; costa subpercurrent. Perichetial leaves long- __
acuminate. Capsule suboblong; lid mamillate; pedicel red very
long. Male flowers discoid. Dioecious, Tufts high tomentose.
— Very wet swamps. Eur. Sweden and Norway common! ~
Spetsbergen: Malmgren, Austria: Venturi. Amer, r. Alaska: —
J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun.

131. Meesea Hedwig.

A. Leaves from dilated base tapering to a gradually atte- —
nuate acumen, decurrent, not reflexed; basal cells larger than ——
the upper. Pedicel very long.
B Annu L. — Bryum L.; Meesea Aongstroem; M. tristicha

r. eur,

Leaves tristichous denticulate nearly around or entire, sprea- — —
ding from nearly appressed base. Dioecious. Male flowers .
subdiscoid. — Deep swamps. Eur. Norway! Sweden: K. F.
Dusén. France: Husnot, Amer. Can.: Macoun; Dearness. ———
2.M.longiseta Hedwig. | a

_ Leaves plurifarious less spreading, entire or near apex Spa
ringly dentate. Synoecious. — Swamps gen. r. Eur. Sweden:
Lindberg; R. Hartman; M. Huss. Norway: M. N. Blytt. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. i:

B. Leaves sublinear more or less reflexed; nearly all cells
equal in size. Pedicel often shortish.
3.M.trichodes L. — Bryum L.; Meesea Spruce; M. uliginosa
Hedwig. e

Leaves plurifarious entire not or scarcely decurrent, us. obtuse,
suberect or open-erect when moist. Capsule shorter than im
the last; teeth yellow. Inflorescence variable. — Swamps 4
wet rocks princ. in alps. Eur. common in alps. Norway,
Switzerl.! Amer. Greenl: Berggren; Vanhoeffen, Can.: Ma-
coun; Waghorne, =

— 319 —

J 4M. Albertinii Bruch et Schimper.
. Differs from the last: Leaves more distinctly decurrent us.
. acute. Peristomial teeth pale very short often confluent. Mon-
oecious. — Swamps r. Eur. Sendtner, com. Le Jolis, Amer.
Can.: Waghorne.
132. Amblyodon Palisot de Beauvois.
1.A.dealbatus Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Amblyodon Beauv.

Leaves narrowly oblong acuminate acute not reflexed; the
uppermost serrate at the not long acumen, finally pale green
or whitish; the lower finally reddish; costa not percurrent.
Capsule thick suboval. Stem about 1 c. m. high. Male flo-
. wers discoid. Monoecious or polygamous. Resembling Meesea
. trichodes in capsule. — Wet and turfy soil princ. in alps.
Eur. Sweden, Norway not r. France: Husnot. Amer. Can.:
Macoun.

133. Plagiobryum Lindberg.
LP.Zierii Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Plagiobryum Lindb.;
Zieria julacea Schimper.

Leaves broad-ovate short-acuminate not reflexed; costa not
excurrent. Capsule shorter than neck; teeth not much lower
than endostome. Tufts silverglossy finally reddish. Dioecious.
— Alp. rocks. Eur, not r. Norway! Sweden: R. Hartman.
Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts 2250 metr. a. sea: Macoun.

. 2.Pdemissum Hoppe et Hornschuch. — Meesea Hop. et Hsch.;
.. Plagiobryum Lindb.; Zieria Schimper.

Leaves subovate somewhat long-acuminate reflexed; costa ex-
current. Capsule longer than neck, deflexed to the ground
when unripe; teeth very much lower than endostome. Tufts
. less glossy. Dioecious. — Earth on rocks in higher alp. region
=. È Eur. Norway! Switzerl: Schimper. Austria: Breidler. Amer.
.. Can. Rocky mts: Drummond 250.

134. Mielichhoferia Hornschuch. .

A. Leaves small ovate-lanceolate, less strongly appressed;
. Upper cells narrow. Peristomial (exostomial) teeth wanting-
1.M.nitida Hornschuch.

Leaves gradually acuminate acute, serrulate above often to
middle. Perichetial leaves costate larger. Capsule us. suberect
when dry; segments not split; pedicel reddish more or less
flexuous; spores about 0,02 m. m. Tufts about 1 c. m. high.
Habit of Bryum (Webera) but with smaller leaves. — Schistose

- princ. metalliferous (esp. copper) rocks in alps, r. Eur. Norway!

France; Husnot.

—- 320 —

2.M.maeroearpa Hooker. — Weisia Hook,; . Mielichhoferia
Schimp. . ! MG.
. Leaves entire short-acuminate acute or sometimes subobtuse; |
the perichetial smaller, the inner indistinctly costate. Capsule
as in the last. Branches clavate. Tufts about 1 c. m. high, -
— Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Drummond 74, com. Ma-
coun, oh ned
B. Leaves short very small strongly imbricate; upper cells
dilated. Peristome sometimes double, ve
à. Uppermost leaves obtusate, acute or obtuse; costa us, —
not percurrent.
3.M.eompacta Hoppe et Hornschuch. — Weisia Hop. et Hsch.;
Mieliehhoferia Kindb.; M. elongata Hornsch.; Limpr. orá
Leaves gen. ovate-oblong, faintly serrulate near apex. Capsule
us. deflexed when dry; teeth rudimentary r. present; segments
distantly trabeculate, sometimes split in middle; pedicel yellow
arcuate at least when young; spores somewhat larger than in
M. nitida. Tufts us. low when fruiting, sometimes to 8—10
c. m. high. — Growing as M. nitida but more often on wet
rocks, r. Eur. Norway! Austria: Schimper. France: Husnot.
4.M.ereeta Lindberg. — Pohlia (Cacodon) Lindb. revue bryol.
1883; Mielichhoferia Kindb.; Oreas Kindb. Laubm. Sehwed.
u. Norw.; Mielichhoferia defecta Sanio. ME
Leaves as in the last. Capsule erect when dry; teeth densely -
trabeculate; segments rudimentary or wanting; pedicel reddish
sometimes arcuate when moistened. Tufts very low. — Alp.
rocks r. Eur. Norway Wangsfjeld in Opdal: Kaurin. "o
h. Leaves suddenly cuspidate; costa often percurrent.
5.M.euspidifera Kindb. cat. Canad. m. y aal
Leaves from broad-ovate base cuspidate, entire or near apex -
slightly crenulate. Capsules unknown. Tufts about (2: c. m,
high. — Damp alp. rocks .r. Amer. Can. Rocky. mts 1500 metr.
a. sea: Macoun, at
135. Orthodontium Schwægrichen. »» 3900
1.0.gracile Wilson. — Bryum Wils.; Orthodontium Schw4
Stableria Lindb. AI
Leaves long very narrow sublinear or gradually subulate,
flexuous nearly entire not reflexed; lower cells wider than the 2
upper; costa not excurrent. Capsule greenish narrow suboblong
cernuous when dry; neck not much narrower or shorter; pedi-
cel pale sometimes longer than stem; teeth pale; lid rostellate.
Tufts greenish about 1 c. m. or lower. Monoecious. or. pat

-- 88] —

cious., Habit ob, ER (Leptobryum).:.— On sandstone rocks
or on old trees r. Eur. Engl: Hunt. France: Camus. Amer.
»Calif.»: Howe.

` Fam. 29. Cinclidiaces& Kindb., new fam.
136. Cinelidium Swartz.
A. Leaves palelimbate not recurved. Capsules unknown.
Nee -Hymenophyllum Br. eur. -— Mnium Br. eur.; Cinclidium
nd

[en spathulate-lingulate narrowly limbate long-decurrent
bright green; upper cells round-hexagonal or round-oval, the
basal rectangular; costa abbreviate. Tufts high very dense
tomentose to shoots. — Alp. rocks in northern districts, (»also
in Switzerl»: Pfeffer) r. Eur. Norway! Sweden: E. Nyman.
Amer. Greenl: Berggren.

B. Leaves reddish or finally blackish limbate, more or less
recurved when dry.

a. Leaves concave not. decurrent; costa not excurrent. Synoe-
cious.
2.C.stygium Swartz.

Leaves broadly spathulate us. with short acute point, gen.
all red; those of stem r. blackish; shoots r. green; costa gen.
percurrent. Capsule suboval. — Swamps prine. in northern
alps. Hur. Sweden, Norway not r.l Finl.: Brotherus. Amer.

Can.: Macoun; Waghorne.

C. latifolium Lindb., hitherto not found in our district, differs
in convex shoot leaves and dioecious inflorescence.
9.C.subrotundum Lindberg.

Leaves round-spathulate obtuse or with very short obtuse
point; those of stem green finally blackish; shoots green; costa
not percurrent.' Capsule subglobose. — Swamps ` ‘in northern
alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. Can. Labrador:
Macoun.

b. Shoot-leaves convex somewhat long-decurrent; costa. ex-
current. Synoecious. `
4.C.Macounii Kindb. revue bryol 1896. |

Stem-leaves round-spathulate finally blackish; sini lon vbb !
pale red or greenish lingulate gen. obtuse. Capsule suboval.
— Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts: J. Macoun 1885.

e. Dioecious. Male flowers discoid. Leaves concave.
5.C.arcticum Br. eur. — Mnium Br. eur; Cinclidium C, M.

Stem-leaves. red. broadly. spathulate often with short acute

— 322 —

point; shoot-leaves sublingulate gen. obtuse with more or less
distinct point, us. pale red, sometimes decurrent; costa gen.
percurrent, not excurrent. Capsule suboval; pedicel us. shorter —
than in other species. — Swamps in northern alps r. Eur.
Norway in Dovrefjeld!

* C.vireseens Kindb. n. subsp. d.
Leaves larger, only those of stem red. Shoots green very -
long; their leaves gen. not decurrent. Pedicel us. as long as
in C. stygium. — Swamps in northern alps r. Eur. Norway in
Dovrefjeld! :

* C.polare Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves much smaller, all deep-red; uppermost shoot-leaves
acute sometimes short-acuminate. Capsules not seen. — Swamps
in arctic district r. Eur. Spetsbergen: Berggren, com. A. G.
Nathorst.

Fam. 30. Bartramiacee.

137. Breutelia Schimper.
l.B.areuata Dickson. — Mnium Dicks.; Breutelia Sch.
_ Leaves from short base abruptly tapering to a long gradually
attenuate striate (princ. when dry) serrate-denticulate acumen,
papillose at back, spreading also when dry; costa sometimes
excurrent, Capsule subglobose; pedicel us. arcuate, not much
longer; segments long. Stem branching erect or decumbent,
8—15 e. m. long with rusty red rhizoids. R. fruiting. — Wet
rocks prine. near sea and larger lakes, r. Eur. Norway: R.
Hartman; E. Nyman. France: Renauld. Engl.: Manchester
Cryptog. Society.

138. Bartramia Hedwig. jud
I. Eu-Bartramia. Leaves mamillose, not or only in lower
half. recurved. pus

l. Ithyphylle. Leaves channelled not crisped, not or near
base (slightly) reflexed; cells linear. s
2. Crispæ. Leaves carinate curling or crisped, recurved in -
lower half; upper cells subquadrate or short-rectangular. ^. —
II. Plagiopus. Leaves smooth, recurved all around, carinate; -
upper cells subquadrate. =

I. Eu-Rartramia.

1. Ithyphylle. pe

A. Leaves gradually narrowed, reflexed near base and not
distinctly sheathing; costa excurrent outside the subula.

— 323 —

1.B.stricta Bridel.

Capsule gen. erect; peristome simple; pedicel exserted. Tufts
glaucous green above. Synoecious. — Siliceous ground r. Eur.
princ. in Mediterr. distr. France: Schimper. Italy: Bottini.
Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

B. Leaves abruptly narrowed from the not reflexed us. .
hyaline sheath; costa more or less filling subula.
2.B.ithyphylla Bridel.

Capsule inclined; peristome us. double. Costa of leaves not
well-defined above but us. not wholly filling subula. Tufts us.
glaucous green. Synoecious. — On stone. Eur. common. Swe-
den, Norway, Switzerl! Amer. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen. Alaska:
J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne.

* B.breviseta Lindberg.

Capsule deflexed when young, suberect when old; peristome
simple rudimentary or wanting; pedicel scarcely exserted. Costa
filling subula of leaf. — Northern princ. arctic district r. Eur,
»Norway: Th. Fries»: Lindberg. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.
Can.: Wagborne. ;

*Brigidula (Schimper as var. Kindb. n. subsp.

Capsule smaller; pedicel exserted. Leaves rigid brittle ap-
pressed when dry. — Alp. and arctic distr. r. Hur. Norway!
Amer. »Greenl.»: Lange. ;
3.B.viridissima Bridel. — »Weisia Brid. 1826»: Limpr. —
B. subulata Br. eur. 1846.

Differs from B. ithyphylla: Capsule smaller, erect when moist;
peristome simple rudimentary us. wanting. Leaves smaller,
costa often not defined in subula. Paroecious. — Rocks in
higher alp. and arctic distr. r. Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler.
Amer. Greenl: Vanhoeffen. »Alaska and U. 8.»: Lesq. et Jam.

. 2, Crisps.

A. Upper leaf-cells short-rectangular. Leaves crowded very
distinctly sheathing, more or less flexuous but not crisped.
4.B.norvegica Gunner. — Bryum Gunn. 1772; Bartramia Lindb.;
Webera Halleri Hedwig 1782; Bartramia: Hedw. 1789.

Leaves not decurrent, abruptly tapering and long-subulate;
costa long-excurrent. Pedicel not much longer than capsule.
Monoecious or subparoecious. — Rocks often near cascades.
Eur. not r., nearly common in alps. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.!
Amer. r. »Can. Rocky mts: Drummond»: Lesq. et Jam.

B. Upper leaf-cells subquadrate. Leaves crisped or circinnate.

a. Leaves crowded, not distinctly sheathing.

— .824 —

5.B.pomiformis L. — Bryum L.; Bartramia Hedwig. i

Leaves nearly gradually tapering and long-subulate, not de-
current, crisped; costa not long-excurrent. Pedicel exserted
above shoots. Monoecious or subparoecious. — On earth princ.
on rocks. Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
Can: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. M.

b. Leaves sheatbing, more or less distant.
6.B.erispa Swartz.

Leaves. nearly graduallly tapering to a not long subula, not
decurrent, circinnate; costa not long-excurrent. Perichetialleaves |
with very long-excurrent costa, Pedicel us. not exserted above ~
shoots. Tufts sparingly radiculose, green or dark green. Paroe-
cious or synoecious. — Rocks not r. Eur. Sweden! Amer. Can::
Macoun. ^
7.B.glaucoviridis C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves sublinear abruptly short-subulate subcircinnate not -
decurrent; costa subpercurrent or short-excurrent. Pedicel not -
long. Tufts glaucous green very, radiculose... Subparoecious. — _
Wet rocks in alps r. Amer. Can. B. C. near Revelstoke: Macoun. |
8.B.eireinnulata C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. ]

Leaves abruptly tapering and long-subulate circinnate decur-
rent; costa very long-excurrent. Capsule and flowers unknown. —
Tufts bright green sparingly radiculose. — Amer. r. Can. Brit.
Col.: Macoun. 14

II. Plagiopus Bridel.

9.B.0ederi Gunner. — Bryum Gunn.; Bartramia. Swartz.

‚Leaves gradually narrowed short-subulate not sheathing,
slightly curling; upper cells subquadrate; costa percurrent. Cap-
sule erect when moist, sometimes small. Tufts compact. Synoe-
cious.. — Rocks princ. in alps. Eur. common in subalp, region.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl| Amer. Can.: Macoun. z

; _ 139. Philonotis Bridel. A
I. Eu-Philonotis. Male flowers disciform with more or less
patent, leaves. Dioecious, IR
1. Homomorphe. Leaves nearly uniform small narrow,
serrate (without double mamille at borders) not falcate, often -
distant. Perigonial leaves acuminate acute. Stem often subcapillary. —

2. Dimorphz. Leaves gen. dimorphous and large, r. distant:
some short subovate with us. not recurved borders, the others
gen. ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, often recurved at base and -
sometimes falcate; borders serrate or furnished with double

mamille, Stem gen. long and thick with long branches. |

—cNE e

IL. Philonotula. Male flowers gemmiform with erect leaves.
Monoecious or dioecious. Leaves small narrow, nearly erect
when moist, not reflexed, faintly mamillose without double
mamille, often nearly appressed when dry. Fruiting stem very
short.

I. Eu-Philonotis.

1. Homomorphe.

A. Leaves not recurved at borders. '
1.Ph.marchica Willdenow. — Leskia Willd.; Philonotis Brid.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate acute not sharply serrate, more or
less distant; shoot-leaves somewhat shorter; costa short-excurrent.
Perigonial leaves erect-patent ovate-lanceolate nearly subulate-
acuminate; costa distinct often excurrent. Inner perichetial
leaves short, not or scarcely reaching above vaginula. Stem
somewhat long. — Wet places in lower districts. Eur. not
. eommon. Switzerl.! France: Husnot. Germany: Warnstorf. Amer. r.
Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

* Ph.laxa Limpricht.

»Leaves very distant; costa not excurrent. — Eur. r. Swit-
zerl. and Germany»: Limpricht.
2.Ph.Muehlenbergii Bridel. |

Differs from the last: Leaves smaller, more distant; costa
long-excurrent; stem thinner, subcapillary; capsule smaller. —
Springs in sandy rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S8: Roell;
Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
3.Ph.Macounii Lesquereux et James.

Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, long-subulate,
sharply serrate princ. above, crowded, smaller and shorter than
in Ph. marchica; costa long-excurrent. Perigonial leaves horizon-
tally spreading, ovate-lanceolate acute not subulate; costa not
well-defined, obsolete not exeurrent. Inner perichetial leaves
reaching far above vaginula with long-excurrent costa. Stem
somewhat short. — Amer. r. Can. Pacif. distr.: J. Macoun. .

B. Leaves (at least some ones) recurved, ovate-lanceolate,
Capsules not seen. Stem us. subcapillary.

a. Leaves nearly smooth and not sharply serrate; costa
short-excurrent.
4.Ph.Arnellii Husnot m. G. — »Ph. parvula Lindb.»: Philibert.

E — Leaves distant long-subulate short-decurrent. Perigonial leaves

. Ovate-lanceolate subulate horizontally patent; costa excurrent.
~ — Wet rocks r. Eur, Sweden: Zetterstedt. Amer. Greenl.:
.. Wenck, com. Roell.

— 326 —

5.Ph.subeapillaris Kindberg n. sp. — Ph. capillaris: Lindb. ?

Leaves nearly crowded, shorter acuminate than in the last: —
perigonial patent erect subovate short acuminate with not ex-
current costa, the inner sometimes obtuse. — Wet earth r.
Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano!

b. Leaves very mamillose and sharply serrate; costa long-
excurrent.
6.Ph.vancouveriensis Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves long-subulate: perigonial patent-erect broadly ovate-
lanceolate acute nearly nerveless. — Amer. r. Can. Vanc. isl.:
J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

2. Dimorphe,

À. Leaves smooth or only at borders furnished with few
double mamille; cells very pellucid somewhat large.
7.Ph.glabriuseula Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves not long gen. decurrent, nearly appressed when dry;
those of shoots spreading. Capsules and flowers unknown. —
Springs r. Amer. Can.: Moser; Waghorne. U. S: Roell.

B. Leaves very mamillose also at the inner cells.

a. Perigonial leaves acute distinctly. costate.
8.Ph.ealearea Br. eur. f

Leaves large gen. serrate without double mamille, us. long —
crowded and falcate: perigonial us. horizontally spreading. Tufts
gen. very high. — Calcareous rocks and swamps. ur, not r.
Sweden! Switzerll; Schimper. Greece: Heldreich. Amer. r.
»U. 8.»; Lesq. et Jam.

* Ph.mollis Venturi. :

Leaves of sterile stems very distant. Tufts low and loose.
— Eur. Austria: Venturi. Portugal: com. Venturi. Sweden!
* Ph.cespitosa Wilson. i

Leaves more dimorphous, often with some double mamille

at borders, gen. not crowded: perigonial patent-erect. — Swamps.
Eur. not common, Belgium: Gravet. Germany: Warnstorf. Amer.
»Greenl.»; Lange. »U. S.»: Cardot. fe
9.Ph.alpicola Juratzka., t
Differs from Ph, calcarea: Leaves shorter and broader, more
recurved and us. appressed with patent point, either serrate
or partly with double mamille, r. falcate. Perigonial leaves
us, patent-erect. — In alps r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.| Amer
Can.: Waghorne. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen.
10.Ph.acutiflora Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 67. vo
Leaves not serrate and not falcate, recurved to or above

— 327 —

middle, with double mamille, gen. appressed when dry, smaller
than in Ph. calcarea. Perigonial leaves horizontally spreading.
Tufts not high; fruiting stem very low. — Amer. r. Can.: Ma-
coun. U. S.: Roell.

b. Perigonial leaves gen. all obtuse subovate, the inner not
distinctly costate.
11.Ph.fontana L. — Mnium L.; Philonotis Bride!.

Leaves plicate below, us. with numerous double mamille,
mostly crowded: perigonial obtuse patent-erect, Tufts us. glau-
cous green. — Wet places common and very veriable. Eur.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Greece: Heldreich. Amer. Can.:
Macoun; Waghorne.

* Ph.seriata Mitten. — Bartramia Mitt.; Philonotis Lindb.

Shoot-leaves gen. distant, spirally twisted when dry, — Ri-
vulets in alps not common. Eur. Norway! France: Gasilien.
Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

* Ph.gracilescens Schimper. — Ph. fontana *angustifolia Kindb.
Laubm. Schw. u. Norw.

Leaves (nearly all) small and narrow, often not Heciislid)
those of shoots gen. distant: perigonial subacute at least the
outer. Stem somewhat thin. Habit of Ph. marchica. — Wet
rocks princ. in alps. Hur. not common. Sweden, Norway!
France: Husnot. Spetsbergen: R. Gyllencreutz.
€. Perigonial leaves not seen. Other leaves not plicate.
~ 12.Ph.Mohrii C. M.; Bartramia C. M.; Philonotis Lq. et Jam.

Leaves crowded, resembling those of Ph. fontana, but minutely
serrulate above, gen. with double mamille below, not distinctly
plicate, reflexed below, straight, open also when dry; costa
long-excurrent. Capsule faintly plicate when dry; lid umbonate.
Stem not high; pedicel as long. — Rotten logs r.: Amer. U. S:
Louisiana: Mohr, com. C. Mueller.
18.Ph.adpressa Fergusson; Braithwaite. |

Leaves with gen. double mamillze, broad-ovate uniform, distant
decurrent nearly appressed when dry; costa gen. not excurrent.
Tufts long loose nearly eradiculose. Capsules unknown. —
Wet places r. Eur. »Engl.»: Braithwaite. Amer. Greenl: Van-
hoeffen. i

IL. Philonotula C. Mueller.
A. Leaves serrulate all around, narrowly ovate-lanceolate.
à. Leaves subulate at apex; costa excurrent. Monoecious,

14.Ph.rigida Bridel.
Leaves faintly papillose or mamillose nearly erowded, us.

— 328 —

appressed when dry. Perichetial leaves long from broad base
abruptly subulate. Capsule somewhat large. Fruiting stem
very short with few stem-leaves and short verticillate branches.
— Wet rocks in warmer districts r. Hur. Switzerl.! | France:
Philibert. Spain: Levier. Italy: Bottini. Engl.: Holt.
15.Ph.radiealis Beauvois. — Bartramia Beauv.; Sulliv. icon.
musc.; Philonotis Kindb. |
Differs from the last: Leaves more gradually acuminate:
perichetial longer-subulate; costa short-excurrent; branch-leaves
often open-erect when dry. Capsule somewhat smaller; pedicel
thinner. — Wet places r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. and Vane isl.:
Macoun. U. 8: Mohr, com. Macoun. re
b. Leaves acute not subulate; costa percurrent. Dioecious.
16.Ph.tenella C. Mueller. |
Leaves crowded appressed when dry, smaller than in the
last: perichetial subulate not much broader; perigonial sublinear
long-subulate nearly nerveless. — Amer. r. »U. 8»: C, M:
(Cuba: Wright, herb. Sullivant, com. C. Mueller). a]
B. Leaves entire and nearly smooth in lower half, sublinear-
subulate. Capsules and flowers unknown.
17.Ph.pumila Kindb. n. sp.
Leaves erect, smaller and narrower than in Ph. rigida; costa
scarcely excurrent. Tufts about l c. m. high. — Amer: r. Can. -
Ontario near Belleville: Macoun. T

140. Anacolia Schimper.
1.A.Menziesii Turner. — Bartramia Turn.; Sulliv. ic. m.; Ana
colia Kindb. ki
Leaves smooth from subovate base nearly gradually subulate,
serrate to the plicate basal part, nearly appressed when dry;
lower cells short-rectangular, upper longer; costa short-excurrent
or percurrent. Capsule globose pale or reddish brown; teeth
short or none; pedicel us. longer than capsule to 1 c, m. Tufts
green soft and silky, tomentose. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Amer. -
Can. Pacif. distr: Macoun. U. S;: E. Hall; Leiberg, com. Mrs -
Britton. jeu ee
2.A.Webbii Montagne. — Glyphocarpus Mont.; Anacolia Sch.
Differs from the last: Leaves mamillose brittle serrate in-
upper third; cells gen. quadrate: middle rectangular. © Capsule
red-brown; pedicel shorter; teeth none. Tufts rigid brown-green.
— Earth and rocks r. Eur. Mediterr. distr. »Spain and Corsica»:
Schimp (Canary islands: Husnot). d

-— s

141. Bartramidula Bruch et Schimper.
1.B.Wilsoni Br. et Sch. — Philonotis Braithw.; Bartramia C. M.
Leaves from suboblong entire base tapering to the serrulate
acute acumen; upper cells longer-rectangular, the lower shorter;

neck; pedicel longer. Tufts scarcely 1 c. m. high, — Rocks r.
. Eur. Engl: Rogers; George. Scotl.: Fergusson.

142. Catoscopium Bridel.
1.C.nigritum Hedwig. — Weisia H.; Catoscopium Brid.

Leaves small entire ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate
acuminate acute; costa ‘percurrent. Capsule red-brown finally
blackish glossy, resembling a pinhead in size; pedicel red.
. Spores about 0,04 m. m. Dioecious. — Swamps and turfy
Soil in alps or as relics from glacial periode. Eur. common
in northern alps. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Spetsbergen:
Berggren. Engl: Manchester Crypt. society. Amer. r. Can.:
Macoun.

143. Conostomum Swartz.
l.C.boreale Swartz.

Leaves gradually tapering to the subulate apex, faintly serrate
in upper part of acumen; costa not or slightly excurrent. Cap-
Sule inclined; pedicel much longer. Tufts glaucous green. —
Rocks in or near alps. Eur. not r. in northern distr. Norway!
Sweden!; Wahlenberg. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. Greenl.: Van-
hoeffen.

Fam. 31. Funariacee.

144. Funaria Schreber.
I. Eu-Funaria. | Peristome double. Capsule gen. oblique often
- annulate.
1. Anmulate. Capsule annulate us. rugose or furrowed
When. dry; endostome short. Leaves entire. Spores mostly
about 0,01 m. m.
. 2. Exannulate. Capsule not annulate, slightly or not
Tugose. Leaves us. serrate. Spores about 0,02 m. m.
IL .Entosthodon. Peristome simple or none. Capsule not
Tügose, us. symmetric; annulus none; pedicel short. Leaves
Berrate, entire or indistinctly sinuolate.

I. Eu-Funaria.

Li —— eR i
F.h metrica L. — Mn$um L.; Funaria Sibthorp. .
“onde pe ovate-oblong acute subconvolute not pibe ad

A
A

costa not percurrent. Capsule small globose-piriform with short

s

a ge

acuminate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule oblique; teeth red with
prominent ribs also below; segments well-evolute; lid not um-
bonate; pedicel us. very long. Spores about 0,01 m. m. —
On bare. earth common. Eur. Sweden etc.! Amer. Can: J.
Macoun.

* F.calvescens Schwegrichen.

Leaves lanceolate short-acuminate not convolute, crisped.
Stem higher. — Eur. Switzerl.! Greece: Orphanides. Amer. Can.
Vanc. isl.: Macoun. ; i
* F.Ravenelii Austin.

»Comal leaves narrower, spreading; costa percurrent. — Amer.
U. S.»: Lq.: et Jam.
2.F.convoluta Hampe. e

Differs from F. hygrometrica: Capsule smaller, finally furrowed;
teeth yellowish; endostome often rudimentary; lid umbonate.

Leaves sometimes short-acuminate. — Amer. r. U. S. Paeif.
distr. near Washington: Roell.
3.F.aretiea Kindb. n. sp. —. F. hygrometrica var. arctica

Berggren.
Resembling a small state of F. hygrometrica with smaller
leaves and capsules. Differs from it: Spores twice as large,
about 0,02 m. m. Leaves ovate mostly obtuse. Peristomial |
teeth with prominent ribs only near apex; pedicel short. — -
Earth in arctic distr. r. Amer. Greenl: Berggren.
4.F.mierostoma Bryol. eur. if911908
Resembling F. hygrometrica, Differs from it: Capsule smaller,
less rugose often pale; pedicel short; endostome very short or -
rudimentary; spores 0,02 m. m. Leaves smaller, more or less
acuminate. — Wet sand or clay in alps r. Eur. Switzerli |.
Austria: Breidler. France: Brébisson. Amer. »U. S.»: Lq. et Jam.
5.F.flavieans Michaux; Lesquer. et Jam. Rio Me
Leaves ovate-oblong or obovate, abruptly attenuate to a long |
subulate or acicular point; costa sometimes excurrent. Capsule
not or slightly rugose when dry; teeth with prominent ribs
only at point; endostome rudimentary; lid umbonate; pedicel
not long. Spores about 0,02 m. m. or larger. — Amer. f.
U. S; Vasey, com. Macoun. bue
2. Exannulate. epo
A. Capsule oblique; endostome nearly as high as teeth. —
6.F.serrata Beauvois; Sulliv. icon. muscor. dent
Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, gen. short-acuminate,
serrate above; costa subpercurrent. Capsule slightly rugose when

— 831 —

dry; teeth without prominent ribs; lid umbonate; pedicel some-
what long. — Moist clay and sand r. Amer. U. S.: Langlois,
com. Cardot.

7.F.americana Lindberg; Sulliv. l. c.

Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, obtusate or tapering to a long
acicular point, entire or faintly serrate; costa sometimes not
percurrent. Capsule not rugose; teeth sometimes with promi-
nent ribs in lower part; lid obtusely apiculate; pedicel short.
— Amer. r. U. S. Montana: Williams, herb. Demetrio, com.
Roell.

B. Capsule not rugose, r. straight; endostome short.
8.F.ealearea Wahlenberg.

Leaves oval-oblong or subobovate tapering to a gen. long
subacicular point: upper us. serrate; costa us. not percurrent.
Capsule oblique; pedicel short. — Calcareous soil in warmer
districts. Hur. not r. Sweden! Austria: Breidler. France: Husnot.
Amer. r. »Can, and U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

* »F.Muehlenbergii Schwegrichen»: C. M.

Leaves us. gradually narrowed with subpercurrent or excur-
rent costa. — Hur. Switzerl.!. France: Husnot. Germany: W.
Baur, com. C. Mueller.

* F.mediterranea Lindberg.

Leaves us. entire and abruptly narrowed with abbreviate
costa. — Eur, Italy: E. Adlerz. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
* F.eonvexa Spruce.

Leaves larger and faintly serrate. Lid of capsule not um-
bonate, — Eur. southern distr. r. Italy: Bottini, France: Phili-
bert. Greece: Haussknecht; Heldreich.

* F.pulchella Philibert. j

Leaves smaller; costa short. — Eur. r. France: Philibert.

9.F.ealiforniea Sullivant et Lesquereux; Sull. ic. m.
: Leaves oval-oblong or subobovate subobtusate or very shortly
acuminate without acicular point, entire or serrate; costa not
percurrent. Capsule oblique (or erect symmetric) long-necked;
teeth with slightly or not prominent ribs; lid umbonate; pedi-
cel short. — Clay soil r. Amer. U. S. Calif.: Boleender, com.
Renauld. — In Sulliv. icon. muscor. capsule is straight, leaves
. Are entire,
. *F.palleseens Juratzka. — Entosthodon Jur.; Funaria Kindb.
E Capsule always straight symmetric; endostome very short;
Spores a little larger; lid not seen. Leaves entire. — Eur. r.
Greece: Haussknecht.

— 332 —

II. Entosthodon Schwegrichen.

A. Leaves gen. serrate acute or short-aeuminate. Peristome
rudimentary or wanting.

a. Capsule subglobose short-necked; pedicel straight longer. |
10.F.obtusa Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Funaria Lindb.; En-
tosthodon ericetorum Balsamo et Notaris, ;

Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, broadly lim-
bate by narrow cells, sometimes nearly entire. Peristome none.
Spores smooth. — Clay and sand. Eur. not common. Norway:
R. Hartman. Sweden: J. Persson. Germany: Herpell.
11.F.faseieularis Dickson. — Bryum Dicks; Funaria Schimp.

Leaves subobovate strongly serrate not limbate. Peristome
rudimentary. Spores very rough. — Open fields princ. in war-
mer districts. Hur. not r. Sweden: S. A. Tullberg: France:
Husnot. Germany: Warnstorf.

b. Capsule piriform long-necked; pedicel inclined scarcely
longer.
12.F.curviseta Schwegrichen. — Gymnostomum Sehw.; Funaria
Milde; Entosthodon Schimper.

Leaves as in the last. Peristome none. Spores verrucose. —
Rocks and walls r. Eur. France: Husnot. Italy: Giordano; Arcangeli.

B. Leaves entire or indistinctly sinuolate.' Peristome simple
well-evolute. : Pedicel straight somewhat long.
13.F.attenuata Dickson. — Bryum Dicks.; Funaria Lindb.; F.
Templetoni Smith; Entosthodon Schwegrichen. 2

Leaves subobovate abruptly short-acuminate limbate by one
yellow cell-row. Capsule suboval shorter than neck; teeth arti-
culate; spores smooth. — Humid earth r. Eur. princ. near
Atlantic and Mediterr. seas. France: Le Jolis; Husnot. ‘Italy:
Venturi. Portugal: Levier. Engl: Percival. Amer. »U. S. Calif.»:
Lesq. et Jam. iinrodifas, 2.9
14.F.Drummondii Sullivant. — Entosthodon Sull. icon. muse;
Funaria Kindb. Ud

Differs from the last: Leaves gen. not acuminate. Capsule
short-piriform longer than neck; teeth indistinctly articulate;
spores slightly rough. — Moist clay soil r. Amer. U. S: Lang
lois, com. Cardot. gai

145. Physeomitrium Bridel. Pec:
I. Eu-Physcomitrium. Capsule short-necked; peristome none.
Leaves long-costate. | HEY ME

1. Erythroearpa. Capsule (as pedicel) red, very dilated

at mouth. cabiaugH. soog

— 988 —

2. Xanthoearpa. Capsule (as pedicel) yellowish, not or

very r. dilated at mouth.
IL Pseudo-Funaria. Capsule long-necked; teeth pale indi-
stinctly articulate. Leaves nerveless or short-costate. (Calyptra
4-lobed as in other species.)
I Eu-Physcomitrium.
1. Erythrocarpa.

A... Capsule somewhat large; lid flat.
1.Ph.acuminatum Schleicher. — Gymnostomum Schl.; Physco-
mitrium Bruch et Sch.

Upper leaves long-lanceolate sharply acuminate, entire at least
above, yellow-margined below; costa percurrent or short-excur-
rent. Lid of capsule mamillate. — Earth princ. on walls r.
Eur. Switzerl. Austria: Gander. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
2.Ph.Hookeri Hampe. — Ph. hians Lindb.; Sulliv. ic. m.

Leaves suboblong acuminate entire or serrate; costa not per-
current, Lid of capsule apiculate. — Wet meadows r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Dearness. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.

B. Capsule small. Leaves suboblong.
3.Ph.sphericum Ludwig. — Gymnostomum Ludw.; Physco-
mitrium Bridel.

Leaves obtuse or obtusate gen. entire; costa. not percurrent.
Lid of capsule flat apiculate. — Earth near water in lower distr. r.
Eur. Engl: Rogers. Finl.: Brotherus.
4.Ph.eurystomum Esenbeck. — Gymnostomum Es.; Physco-
mitrium Sendtner.

Leaves short-acuminate serrate above; costa percurrent or ex-
current. Lid of capsule convex mamillate. — Earth r. Eur. Italy:
Venturi. Germany: Ruthe. Austria: Breidler.

2. Xanthocarpa. p

A. Pedicel of capsule not emergent above upper leaves; lid
convex. .

a. Capsule immersed.
5.Ph.immersum Sullivant icon. muscor. i

Leaves narrowly oblong-lingulate or lanceolate short-acuminate,
sharply serrate above; costa not percurrent. Capsule globose
with dilated mouth; lid mamillate. - River banks r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun.
6.Ph.coloradense Britton bull. Torr. club 1894.

Leaves suboyate obtusate or short-pointed, slightly serrate
above; costa percurrent. Capsule subglobose-piriform; lid api-
culate, — Amer. »U. S. r.»: Mrs Britton.

— 334 —

b. Capsule emergent shorter than pedicel.
7.Ph.pygmeum James.

"Leaves suboblong acute or short-acuminate, slightly serrate
above; costa not percurrent. Capsule oblong-piriform; lid api-
culate. — Earth in alps r. Amer. »U. S. Utah»: Lq. et Jam.

B. Pedicel of capsule long-exserted.

a. Lid of capsule flat when ripe and moist.
8.Ph.piriforme L. — Bryum L.; Physcomitrium Bridel; Ph.
Drummondii Britton.

Upper leaves oblong-lanceolate not sharply acuminate, serrate
above; costa not percurrent. Capsule not or slightly strangulate
when dry; lid apiculate. — Wet earth and walls. Eur. com-
mon in lower districts. Sweden! Engl.: Rogers. France: Husnot.
Amer. Can.: Macoun.

9.Ph.turbinatum Richard. — Ph. Kellermani Britton l. c.
Upper leaves long-lanceolate sharply acuminate serrate above;
costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Capsule often strangulate
when dry; lid us. mamillate, sometimes short-pointed. — Amer. r.
Can.: Dearness. U. S.: com. Macoun; Boll and Brendel, com.
C. Mueller.
b. Lid of capsule convex us. mamillate.

10.Ph.megalocarpum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Upper leaves long-lanceolate sharply acuminate nearly entire
yellow-margined; costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Capsule
us. large r. slightly strangulate. — Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.:
Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.

* Ph.ealifornicum Britton 1. c. P

»Leaves shorter, oblong-lanceolate sometimes not sharply
acuminate; costa not percurrent. Capsule smaller, slightly stran-
gulate. —. Amer. U. S.»: Mrs Britton. :
— Renauld et Cardot. — Ph. australe Brit- -
ton l. c.

Differs from Ph. megalocarpum: Leaves serrate all around, not —
or less distinctly yellow-margined; capsule not large, sometimes
strangulate when dry; lid sometimes apiculate. — Amer. r. U. S.:
Langlois, com. Cardot; C. Roell, com. J. Roell. 7
12.Ph.platyphyllum Kindb. cat. Canad. m. sai

Leaves broad ovate-oblong: upper sharply acuminate serrate -
above; costa percurrent or short-exeurrent. Capsule not large, -
not distinctly strangulate when unripe. — Amer. r. Can.: Flet- —
cher, com. Macoun, .

— 335 —

II. Pseudo-Funaria Kindb.
13.Ph.Bolenderi Lesquereux. — Entosthodon Lesq.; Sull, ic. m.;
Physcomitrium Kindb.

Leaves from subobovate base abruptly narrowed to a short
subulate acumen, nearly entire. Capsule piriform; pedicel not
long; lid convex mamillate; calyptra with very long beak. —
Clay soil r, Amer. »U. S. Calif: Bolender»: Sullivant.

l 146. Pyramidula Bridel.
1.P.tetragona Bridel.

Upper leaves ovate short-acuminate acute entire; cells larger
than in Pottia truncatula; costa us. excurrent. Capsule sub-
globose. with short. thick neck; lid short obtuse; calyptra verti-
eally splitting. Spores 0,04—0,07 m. m. Monoecious. —
Meadows princ. cloverfields in early spring. Eur. less r.
Sweden: Hartman. Germany: Huebner. Amer. r. »U. S.»
Lesq. et Jam.

147. Discelium Bridel.
1.D.nudum Dickson. -— Bryum Dicks.; Discelium Brid.

Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate nearly hya-
line. Capsule cernuous very small; pedicel thin reddish. Pro-
tonema evolute in the autumn. Dioecious. — Wet sand viz.
by rivers r. Eur, Sweden! Norway: E. Nyman. Germany: Schem-
mann. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

Fam. 32. Bryacee.

148. Leucolepis Lindberg.
1.L.acanthoneura Schwegrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Leuco-
lepis Lindb.; Bryum Menziesii Hooker; Mnium C. M.

Leaves distant long-decurrent simply serrate not limbate.
Lower leaves squamiform hyaline, orange at base, gen. long
and ovate-lanceolate. long-acuminate cuspidate. Upper stem-
leaves ovate short-acuminate or filiform-pointed. Branch-leaves
ovate-oblong or broadly | ovate-lanceolate acute carinate; costa
dentate at back, not excurrent. Outer perichetial leaves long-
acuminate; costa long-excurrent. Capsule large Muium-like
brown-red. inclined or cernuous; pedicels long, often in pairs;
lid not. seen. Tufts loose tomentose at base. Dioecious. —
Earth and logs in woods. Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.: Macoun.
U. S: Howell, com. Cardot. i

149. Rhizogonium Bridel. |
1.R.spiniforme L. — Hypnum L.; Rhizogonium Bruch,

Lowest leaves short; the others distant long sublinear short-

— 836 —

subulate thickened at the doubly dentate margins, flexuous
when dry, nearly straight when moist; costa short-excurrent.
Outer perichetial leaves short simply dentate; costa long-excur-
rent. Capsule subobovate faintly curved; lid with short red
beak; teeth brown, pale at apex; endostome yellow; cilia short-
appendieulate; pedicel subbasilar pale red very long. Tufts
tomentose below, often high. Synoecious. Habit of Hypnacee
in capsule and its lateral pedicel, — Swamps in subtropical
districts. Amer. U. S.: Fitzgerald, com. Renauld (Cuba: Wright,
com. C. Mueller).
150. Timmia Hedwig.

A. Sheath of leaves with finally red-brown cells; costa us.
dentate at back. Dioecious.
1.T.austriaca Hedwig.

Leaves from broad sheath abruptly narrowed to the sublan-
ceolate in upper half serrate gen. obtuse and faintly inyolute
lamina, not or loosely’ appressed when dry. Capsule sulcate
when. dry; cilia not appendiculate; lid apiculate. — Shaded
often dry rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl:! Amer.
r. Can.: Macoun.
2.T.aretica Kindb. in botan. notiser 1893.

Leaves above sheath tapering to the broad-lanceolate obtus
entire or to !/, faintly denticulate not much narrower and
scarcely involute lamina, impressed at both sides above sheath,
appressed when dry and not much open when moist, much
smaller than in the last; costa nearly smooth. Stems not or —
loosely tufted, about 3-—4 c. m. high. Capsules unknown. — -
Swamps in arctic districts r. Eur. Spetsbergen: R. Gyllenereutz
1883. Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren. |

B. Sheath of leaves with pale either hyaline or (in elder
leaves) pale brown cells; costa not dentate. ©

à. Lower leaves short gen. obtusate. Dioecious very r. frui-
ting. Tufts pale green. »Cilia not appendiculate»: Juratzka.
9. T.norvegiea Zetterstedt. ?!

Upper leaves channelled longer acuminate, entire or indistinetly
denticulate in lower half; elder sheath-cells partly pale brown.
— Wet alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.| Spetsbergen: R.
Gyllencreutz. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. Hur.

b. Cilia appendiculate. Leaves acuminate not short. Monoe-
cious. Tufts brown below, green above.
4.T.megapolitana Hedwig. (re

Leaves channelled serrate in whole lamina; nearly all broadly

— 337 —

short-acuminate, only the uppermost long-acuminate; elder
. sheath-cells pale yellowish brown. — Wet meadows and swamps

or r. on rocks, Eur. r. »Germany;: Limpricht. Amer. less r.
. Can: Macoun. U. S.: Roell.

. B5/T.bavariea Hessler.

E Differs from the last: Nearly all leaves subconvolute serrate

. in upper half; sheath-cells hyaline. — Crevices and caverns of
rocks. Eur. not r. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun:

— 151. Aulaeomnium Schweegrichen.

I. Orthopyxis. Capsule red-brown often straight; pedicel
not very long. Male flowers gemmiform. Leaf-cells rotundate
. green nearly uniform. Tufts green not high. Not growing in
. Bwamps.

IL. Gymnoeybe. Capsule brown not straight; pedicel very
. long. Male flowers discoid. Upper leaf-cells round-angular,
lowest basal larger us. brown. Tufts us. high large and yello-
wish. Dioecious. Growing in swamps.

I. Orthopyxis Palisot de Beauvois.
l.A.androgynum L: — Mnium L.; Aulacomnium Schwegrichen.
=- ^ Leaves broader below, gradually tapering and sublinear sub-
Obtuse, dentieulate above, recurved below to middle. Capsule
straight subcylindrie; teeth pale yellow; lid conic; pedicel longish.
Often. with globose pedicellate buds. » Dioecious. — Rocks and
stumps princ. in lower districts. Eur. common. Sweden, Ger-
many! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

-2.A.heterostichum Beauvois. — Orthopyxis Beauv.; Aulaco-
mnium Br. eur.

‘stellate; pedicel not long. Monoecious. — On ‘base of trees.
Amer. eastern states. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Green, com. Cardot.
; IL. Gymnocybe Ahnfelt et Fries. `
3.A.palustre L. — Mnium L.; Aulacomnium Schwegr.
"Leaves not cucullate, serrulate above, gen. sublanceolate, very
—papillose, us. twisted when dry. Inner perichetial leaves subu-
late; costa exeurrent. Capsule often curved; lid rostellate. Tufts
"us. tomentose, often with pseudopodia (pedicellate buds). —
Swamps common. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.| Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne. 2 |

* A.papillosum C. M. in Flora 1875. ^ ^ ^

Leaves with longer papillz,.long-deeurrent; ;alar cells larger,

— ae

subrectangular. Capsules unknown. — Amer. U. S. Colorado:
-com. C. Mueller.
* A.fasciculare Bridel. — Mnium Brid.; Aulacomnium Kindb.

Leaves smaller and shorter, entire obtuse somewhat distant.
— In alps r. Eur. »Austria»: Limpricht. | Amer. Greenl.: Van-
hoeffen.

* A.imbricatum Br. eur.

Leaves shorter, entire obtuse imbricate. "Tufts nearly eradi-
culose. Habit of A, turgidum. — Princ. in alps, r. Eur. France:
Payot, com. Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

* A.polycephalum Bridel. — Mnium Brid.; Aulacomnium Br.
eur.

Leaves more acute and nearly subulate gen. small, Capsu-
les; unknown. — Eur. r. Belgium: Verheggen, com. Husnot.
4.A.turgidum Wahlenberg. — Mnium Wng; Aulacomnium
Schweegr.

Leaves cucullate above, suboblong entire obtuse imbricate
nearly smooth; costa somewhat short. Inner perichetial leaves
subacute; costa not percurrent. Capsule nearly straight; lid
not rostellate. Tufts nearly eradiculose without pseudopodia.
R. fruiting. — Humid places prine. in northern alps. Eur.
Norway not uncommon! Sweden: E. Nyman. Spetsbergen —
common: R. Gyllencreutz. Amer. Greenl: Vanhoeffen. Alaska:
J. M. Macoun. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. poil

152. Mnium Linné, in part. i
I. Pseudo-Bryum. Leaf-cells elongate suboblong. » Leaves .
large nearly entire not distinctly limbate. Dioecious. 3
ll. Eu-Mnium. Leaf-cells gen. round-hexagonal except the —
marginal and sometimes the inner near costa. E

A. Leaves entire limbate; outer perichetial broad not long. -

1. Hymenophylloidea. Leaves small, those of decumbent
shoots distichous.' Capsules unknown.

2. Punctatiformia. Leaves large not distichous; uppermost
rosulate. Lid of capsule rostrate or rostellate.

B. Leaves entire or dentate us. not limbate: outer periche-
tial long narrow sublinear. Lid of capsule convex poate,
Dioecious.

x 3. ftellariformia. Leaves bluish when moist; celle aot
rge.

€. Leaves simply dentate, limbate by pale cells; costa ex-
current. Outer perichetial leaves us. broad and not long. Stem.
often with decumbent stolons at base. B

- Ub

a. Leaves not linear. ;

4. Cuspidatiformia. Leaves gradually larger upwards not —
rosulate and not undulate, us. abruptly acuminate; teeth cilii-
form; cells round-hexagonal us. not large. Lid of capsule sub-
mamillate. Us. synoecious.

5. Rosulata. Leaves. us. obtuse or with short point and
gen. not undulate; teeth r. ciliiform; cells large sometimes suboval.
‘Upper leaves of fruiting stem rosulate. Lid of capsule mamil-
late-apiculate. Mostly dioecious.

6. Rostrata. Leaves obtuse often undulate; teeth not cilii-
‘form; cells small round-hexagonal. Upper leaves of fruiting
stem rosulate. Lid of capsule long-rostrate. Dioecious.

b. Leaves linear-lingulate.

. A. Undulata. Leaves strongly undulate, the uppermost of

fruiting stem rosulate; cells small round-hexagonal. Lid of
capsule submamillate. Stems not tufted; shoots deflexed or
the basal ascending. Dioecious.

D. Leaves doubly. dentate (r. nearly entire), limbate by
finally red cells. Outer perichetial leaves oblong-lanceolate.
Stem r: with decumbent stolons. Leaf-cells gen. not large.

8. Spinosa. Upper leaves broad; costa excurrent: Capsules
us. clustered; lid rostrate or rostellate.

9. Serrata. Upper leaves narrow; costa us. percurrent.
Capsule us. solitary; lid rostrate or apiculate.

10. Horna. Leaves long narrow; costa not percurrent.
Capsule solitary; lid mamillate. Tufts very tomentose.

I Pseudo-Bryum Kindb.
l.M.einelidioides M. N. Blytt.

Leaves gen. suboval obtuse; costa not excurrent. Capsule
suboval; teeth brown. Tufts loose high. — Swamps princ. in
northern distr. Ewr. Norway! Sweden: M. Huss; Miss O. Cron.
Belgium: Gravet. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

IL. Eu-Mnium.
1. Hymenophylloidea.
2.M.hymenophylloides Huebener. : :

Leaves circular or round-oval gen. obtuse, pale-limbate glau-
cous or bright green; costa not percurrent. Stem not tornen-
tose. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.
Rocky mts: Macoun:

2. Punctatiformia. -

A. Leaves narrowly limbate by 1—2 pale cell-rows, short-

'decurrent. Capsule broad-oval less large. Synoecious or dioecious.

a I

3.M.subglobosum Br. eur i [o

^ Leaves. green spathulàte at least the upper; inner cells gen.
large. Inner perichetial leaves ovate subobtuse; cells oblong-
oval. Stem often tomentose. — Swamps princ. in northern
alps. Eur. not common. Norway, Switzerl. Sweden: R. Hart-
man, Spetsbergen: R. Gyllencreutz. Amer. r. Greenl: Van-
.hoeffen... Can.: J. Macoun. : Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

«Bic Leaves broadly limbate by 8— 4 often red cell-rows, not
decurrent. Capsule us. large suboval. Dioecious.
4.M.punetatum Schreber. — Bryum Schreb.; Mnium Hedwig.

Leaves broad-oval or round-oval finally blackish or reddish;
innermost cells larger than the outer. Inner perichetial leaves
ovate-lanceolate acuminate; cells sublinear. Stem us. tomentose.
— Wet places. Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl!
Amer. not r. Can.: J. Macoun. U. S.: Wetherby. Alaska: J.
M. Macoun.
5.M.glabreseens Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893.

Leaves ovallingulate green or pale red, not nigrescent; the
uppermost suboblong or oblong-lanceolate; cells smaller than in —
the last. Perichetial leaves as in M. subglobosum. Stem nearly —
glabrous. Pedicel often longer than in M. punctatum, — Earth
and old logs. Amer. Pacif. distr. not uncommon. Alaska: J. -
M. Macoun. Can: J. Macoun; Dawson. U. S. Calif.: Marshall -
A. Howe. E
* M.ehlorophyllosum Kindb. n. subsp.

Capsule (unripe) narrowly oblong. Leaf-cells very chloro-
phyllose. Stem tomentose. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. On-
tario: Macoun. ó ji !

i .9. Stellariformia.
6.M.stellare Reichard; Hedwig.

Leaves not or indistinctly limbate oblong-oval us. entire or the -
uppermost (of fruiting stem) denticulate above; shoot-leaves of
ten distichous. — On rocks and base of trees. Eur. not un- -
common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: C. E. Kindberg. —
Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. Ea
7.M.Blyttii Bryol. eur. viii poe

Leaves. (at least on fruiting stem) red-limbate often doubly -
dentate, us. larger than in the last, not distichous. R. fruiting. -
— Rocks in northern alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: .Ma-
coun.

4. Cuspidatiformia. de

A. Leaves crowded dentate all. around, spreading when

— sa —

moist. Capsule yellowish finally red-yellow with red ‘mouth;
neck dark red tapering to pedicel. Sterile shoots erect often
clavate. L Jeon di sudes
8.M.venustum Mitten; Sulliv. ie. m. — M. Neevii C. M.
Leaves oval or subobovate; cells small. Capsules clustered:
often 4—6; endostomial membrane not perforated. — Trees
‘and rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. .S.: Howell,

| com. Cardot.

B. Leaves not crowded, entire below, patent when moist.
Capsule greenish finally brownish; neck not distinct. A
9.M.cuspidatum Schreber. — Bryum Schreb.; Mnium Leysser.

Leaves suboblong long-decurrent; cells small. Capsule soli-
tary; endostomial membrane perforated; lid apiculate. Tufts
loose us. with numerous decumbent stolons. — Woods and
rocks. Hur. common in lower distr. Sweden, Germany, Italy!
Amer. Can.: Macoun.
10.M.Drummondii Bruch et Schimper; Sulliv. icon. m. — M.
submarginatum Nawaschin et Zinger.

Leaves oval or subobovate, somewhat larger than iu the last
with longer teeth and larger cells. Leaves of fruiting stem
short-decurrent. Capsules us. clustered 2—3; endostomial mem-
brane. not perforated; lid mamillate or obtuse. Tufts dense, r,
with decumbent or decurved stolons. Sometimes with distinet
male flowers. — Old ‘logs in woods, Eur. r> Russia: Zinger,
com. Zickendrath. »Germany»: Milde. Amer. less r. Can.:
Macoun. VU. $.: A. G. Wetherby. i

i 5. Rosulata. l

À. Leaf-cells gen. hexagonal-oval and seriate, at least the
inner near costa. Dioecious. |
Mi.M.affine Blandow. pad

Leaves oblong-oval or narrower, dentate all around (r: entire),
us. short-decurrent; teeth us. long; nearly all inner cells suboval.
Capsules often clustered 2—3. Tufts loose. — Wet grassy
places. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.:
Macoun. A
*M.eiliare Greville. — Bryum Grev.; Mnium Lindberg. -

»Leaves with long ciliiform teeth»: C. M. syn. — Eur. »Swe-
den»: Lindberg. Amer, »U. S.»: Greville. |

* M.Seligeri Juratzka et Milde. H 9j |
: iie" gen. narrow and long-decurrent with short orem
Capsule us. solitary. Shoots erect. — Rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden!
Belgium: Gravet. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. . ih

a Se ae

12.M.rugieum Laurer.

Leaves oblong-oval or narrower, gen. entire and short-decur-
rent; the uppermost faintly dentate and not much larger than
the lower, less distinctly rosulate; cells gen. round-hexagonal,
the innermost near costa oval Shoot-leaves nearly entire.
Tufts loose. — Swamps r. Hur. Sweden, Norway! Germany:
Warnstorf. Amer. Can. near Ottawa and N. Labrador: Macoun.-

B. Leaf-cells round-hexagonal not seriate. Often synoecious.
Leaves dentate all around, the uppermost rosulate.

a. Leaves very narrow, oblong-lanceolate acuminate; the
outer perichetial longer acuminate. Plants robust.
13.M.insigne Mitten; Sullivant icon. muscor,

Leaves long-decurrent. Capsules us. clustered 3—5; lid us.
mamillate. Stem us. with decumbent stolons. Tufts loose.
Dioecious, — Wet ground r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr. in Brit.
Col.: Macoun.
14.M.robustum Kindb. n. sp. — M. medium * robustum Kindb. -
bull. Torr. club XVII.

Leaves not or very short-decurrent. Synoecious. Otherwise
as the last. — Earth in bogs and woods r. Amer. Can. Vanc.
isl.: Macoun.

b. Leaves short broad or only the uppermost narrow.
15.M.medium Bryol. eur.

Leaves not or slightly decurrent with not ciliiform teeth: -
lower ovaloblong obtuse, upper subobovate-lingulate, outer pe-
richetial short-acuminate. Capsules us. in pairs or. solitary; lid
apiculate. Tufts loose. Shoots us. erect. Plants robust. Synoe-
cious. — Wet rocks and woods. Eur. not common. Sweden,
Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler. Amer, r. Can. Prince Edw. isl.:
Macoun. | it
* M.boreale Kindb. n. subsp. Bep

Pedicel and stem very much shorter; leaves and capsules
smaller. Leaves not decurrent. Capsule gen. solitary i
straight; lid convex sometimes mamillate. Tufts dense. —
Alp. rocks r. Hur. Norway in Dovretjeld! rogas
zz M.curvatulum Lindberg. — Astrophyllum Lindb.; Muium

mpr. d

»Capsules clustered oblong-cylindric curved very wide-mouthed,
smaller and shorter than in M, medium; lid depressed semi-
globose conic not mamillate. Stems not tufted. Synoecious. —
— Alp. rocks r. Eur. Sweden in Lapland: Hj. Holmgren»?
Lindb. musci scand. ati " pg

— 343 —

16.M.aretieum Kindb. in Biblioth. botan. 42 (1897).

Lower leaves decurrent with long ciliiform teeth, oblong
obtuse; the uppermost oblong-lanceolate short:acuminate acute;
outer perichetial ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate acute. Cap-
sule solitary small (as in M. cuspidatum) suboval; pedicel not
long. Tufts loose, about 2 c. m. high. Shoots erect: Dioe-

cious. Habit of M. cuspidatum. — Arctic district r. Amer.
Greenl. Karajak-Nunatak: Vanhoeffen.
6. Rostrata.

17.M.rostratum Schrader.

Leaves not or slightly decurrent: lower small rotundate or
broad-oval; upper oval or broadly obovate obtuse, entire below.
Capsules yellowish often clustered. Tufts loose. — Rocks
and stonewalls. Eur. not r. in lower distr. Sweden, Switzerl.!
Amer. Can. not uncommon: Macoun.

7. Undulata.

18.M.undulatum Weis.

Leaves decurrent obtuse dentate all around. Capsules often

clustered. — Wet woods in lower distr. Eur. nearly common.
Sweden!; J. Persson. Denmark: M. F. Lange. Greece: Heldreich.
8. Spinosa.

19.M.spinosum Voit. — Bryum Voit; Mnium Schwegrichen.
Leaves curled when dry: upper subobovate; inner perichetial
us. doubly dentate limbate. Tufts dark green loosely cohering.

Dioecious. — Earth and rocks in woods, sometimes in alps.
Eur. not uncommon. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. »U. 5.9:
Lesq. et Jam.

20.M.spinulosum Bryol. eur. : ]
Leaves not or slightly curled: upper subobovate; inner peri-
chetial us. simply dentate and not limbate. Tufts bright green
densely cohering. Synoecious. — Base of trees. Eur. r. Austria:
Schimper. France: Husnot. Germany: Progel Amer, not r.
Can.: Macoun; Dawson. LOS
* M.macrociliare C. M. et Kindb. l. e. — od
Leaves dark-green ‘smaller; teeth more ciliiform, sometimes
simple. Capsule solitary. — Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
EC 9. ferrata.
. Å, -Synoecious or paroecious without special male plants.
. Stem us. radiculose between lower leaves. ~i EOS
21.M.marginatum Dickson. — Bryum Dicks. 1790; Mnium
Beauvois; M. serratum Schrader ? (1791); Br. eur.
Leaves long-decurrent; costa scarcely percurrent. Upper

—— e

stem-leaves suboblong. subobtuse short-acuminate, dentate above
middle; lower leaves oval obtuse entire; shoot-leaves also entire.
Capsule oval-oblong not strangulate, with not or slightly dilated —
mouth; lid rostellate or apiculate; teeth brownish. Tufts green —
or finally brownish green us. dense, often high. — On earth. |
Eur. common. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer; Can.: Macoun.
22.M.Niagare Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves gen. indistinctly decurrent. Upper stem-leaves lános
late acuminate dentate to below middle, crowded and not de-
current; costa excurrent. Lower leaves oblong acute more or
less dentate. Upper shoot-leaves also dentate. Capsule cylin-
dric-fusiform strangulate wide-mouthed; lid obliquely rostrate;
teeth yellow. Tufts loose dark green. — On earth under trees
near water r. Amer. Can. Niagara: Macoun.

B. Dioecious (with separate male plants) Stem gen. not
radiculose between leaves. Upper leaves us. dentate all around.

a. Leaves crisped (princ. on long us. decumbent stolons),
gradually: larger upwards on fertile stem; costa: not excurrent.
23.M.riparium Mitten. — M. ambiguum H. Mueller.

Leaves oval-oblong subobtuse, dentate all around, often crow-
ded and not decurrent on fertile stem; shoot-leaves small distant
us. long-decurrent; cells larger than in M. orthorhynchum. -.. Cap:
sule straight oblong-oval; teeth pale; lid rostellate. Stem not
high. — Wet rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: E. ipe
man. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
24.M.umbratile Mitten; Sullivant icon. m.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate acuminate very ‘distant and long-
decurrent. Capsule curved suboblong large often «with. long
neck; teeth yellow; lid apiculate; pedicel often very meine
Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. ||

b. Leaves faintly curled. Stem without decumbent uia

aa. Leaves distant long-decurrent.. Tufts. loose us. high.
25.M.lycopedioides Hooker. — Bryum Hook.; Mnium Sehwegr. —

Leaves lanceolate-acuminate gradually latger- upwards; costa —
gen. excurrent. Capsule curved suboblong, larger than in +
orthorhynchum; teeth dark yellow or pale brown; lid: rostellate.
— Wet alp. rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. near iis M yes nerd
Wichura, com. Mus. Berolin.).
26.M.decurrens C. M. et Kindb. l. c. E

Lower leaves small oval-oblong; upper suddenly larger lan-
ceolate acute less distant; costa not excurrent:: Capsule strai t
suboval; teeth dark yellow; lid apiculate: Stem often. cies

— 345 —

high. — Wet alp. rocks r. Amer. Can.: Brit. Col: Macoun.
U. S.: Roell. Ea

bb. Upper leaves nearly crowded and. not or shortly decur-
rent. Leaves gradually larger upwards. Tufts often low.
27.M.orthorhynchum Bridel.
: Lower leaves suboval, upper suboblong gen. acute; costa not
excurrent, us. dentate at back. Capsule straight suboval; teeth
pale; lid rostellate. Tufts us. dense. Rocks princ. in alps.
— Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerll France: Husnot. Amer. Can.:
Macoun.
28.M.inelinatum Lindberg.

Differs from the last princ. in shorter and smaller leaves;
the lower rotundate or broad-ovate, the upper suboval subob-
tuse. Capsule curved suboblong; teeth yellow; lid apiculate.
Tufts often loose. R. fruiting. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway,
Switzerl.!. Amer. Can.: Drummond; Macoun. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen.
29.M.pseudo-lycopodioides C. M. et Kindb. l. e. — M. lyco-
podioides Lesq. et Jam.
< Leaves as in M. orthorhynchum but gen. obtuse and more
curled; costa not dentate, often excurrent. Capsule curved with
distinct. neck; teeth pale; lid rostellate. Tufts loose not high.
— Base of trees in swamps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

10. Horna. .
30.M.hornum L. :

Leaves sublinear-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, not or scar-
cely decurrent. Capsule oblong or suboval; teeth pale. Tufts
often’ high. Dioecious. — Rocks and woods. ur. gen..com-
toon. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

158. Roellia Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. ond
LR.lueida Britton. — Bryum Britt; Roellia Kindb.; Mnium
Brotherus in Hedwigia 1893; M. Roellii Broth. in Bot. Central-
blatt 1890. i (d cM

Lower leaves distant ovate acute long-decurrent entire not
limbate; upper crowded not decurrent, subspathulate with short
often twisted acumen, serrate in upper third, faintly reflexed
below, limbate by 2 narrow cellrows; upper cells oval-oblong,
lower oblong or narrower; costa abbreviate. or short-excurrent.
Comal leaves oblong-lingulate. Perichetial leaves erect, shorter
aud much narrower, long-acuminate: inner nearly entire, neither
limbate nor. reflexed. Capsule long subcylindric pale rufous
not constricted; teeth yellow; lid high-conie short-apiculate pale;

pedicel very long, irregularly curved or geniculate. Tufts green.
: i 28

— 846 —

— Near cascades in alp. regions r. Amer. U. S. Oregon 2100
metr. a. &: J. Roell, com. Brotherus; Idaho 1350. metr.:a. s.:
Leiberg, com. Mrs E. G. Britton. 3i
2.R.simplex Kindb. — Bryum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.; Mnium
(Roellia) Kindb. revue bryol. 1896. UE
Nearly -allied to the last but well-distinct. Differs from it:
Leaves smaller, crowded and not decurrent. Comal leaves
shorter, oval-spathulate. Shoot-leaves nearly similar, more
numerous and not distant, not or indistinctly limbate. Capsule
constricted below the wide mouth; lid obtuse. Endostome
hyaline, cilia not appendiculate, spores small, as in the last.
— Alp. regions r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col, Gold Range 2100
metr. a. s., Vanc. isl. (mt Benson): Macoun. i
154. Rhodobryum (Schimper, as subgenus) Limpricht.
l.R.roseum Weis. — Mnium Weis; Rhodobryum Limpricht;
Bryum proliferum (L. as var.) Sibthorp; .Lindb.; Braithwaite.
Comal leaves .suboblong or broadly lingulate, obtusate acute
or abruptly broad-apiculate, serrate above middle, revolute be-
low it;.costa gradually narrower, not excurrent. Capsule red-
brown subsymmetric nearly straight; neck short not or slightly
curved; lid conic or subeonvex mamillate; archégonia 5—6;
pedicels often clustered. — Wet places in woods in lower districts.
Eur. nearly common. Sweden, Switzerl.!
2.R.ontariense Kindb. — Bryum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.
Comal leaves lingulate abruptly short-acuminate, much more
numerous than in the last, dentate with large confluent often
yellowish teeth above to !/, or 1/;, revolute below the dentate
part; costa stout excurrent. Capsule pale brown asymmetric;

neck curved half as long; lid convex short-apiculate; archegonia id a

numerous; pedicel us. solitary. = Dioecious as the last. — Old
logs and limestone rocks. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser.
U. B: Wetherby; Roell; Marshall A. Howe. . :
155. Bryum L.; Hedwig. TN Ls
Å. Perichetial leaves few, not much differing from the other
upper ones. — Leaves gen. entire or faintly denticulate with
few teeth, often limbate; upper cells us. rhomboidal; costa often
excurrent, à a ree zi
a. Cilia of endostome mostly appendiculate. Spores small,
about 0,01 m. m., r. nearly 0,02 m. m. Capsule r. oblique-
aa. Capsule thin-walled. Upper leaves setaceous; costa bi
I. Leptobryum. Capsule with long downwards’ narrowed |
neck, very nitid (vernicose)... Leaves not limbate; cells sublinear.
Stems not julaceous. ;

— 847 —

bb. Capsule thick-walled. Leaves not setaceous; costa narrow.

II. Eu-Bryum. Capsule with distinct, already before sporosis
downwards narrowed neck. Leaves often limbate; costa often
excurrent. Stems r. julaceous. .
II. Pachylophus. Capsule with very short and thick, before
sporosis not narrowed and often indistinct neck. Leaves not
limbate, gen. reddish at insertion; costa not often excurrent.
Stems mostly julaceous. Us. dioecious.

b. Cilia. gen. smooth, r. appendiculate. Spores gen. large,
about 0,08—0,04 m. m., r. smaller (about 0,02 m. m.) Cap-
sule not r. oblique.

IV. Cladodium. Capsule gen. with distinct narrowed neck.
Leaves mostly limbate; costa us. excurrent.

B. Perichetial leaves well-defined gen. numerous. — Leaves
gen. denticulate with numerous teeth, r. (in Epipterygium) lim-
bate; costa gen. not excurrent. Capsule narrowly necked, not
oblique; cilia very r. (in Webera) appendiculate; spores gen. small.

&. Endostomial segments broad; cilia us. long.

V. Webera. Leaves not limbate, us. denticulate; cells us.
narrow; costa sometimes short-excurrent.

VL Epipterygium. Leaves broadly reddish limbate, entire,
the larger us. distichous; cells dilated; costa abbreviate.

b. Endostomial segments somewhat narrow; cilia short or
rudimentary.

VII. Pohlia*. Perichetial leaves sublinear-lanceolate narrowly

acuminate acute. Leaves not limbate; upper cells gen. very

narrow.
Eu-Bryum.

- A. Basal leaf-cells not (or very pale) red. Capsule brown. :

. Leaves gen. entire. Dioecious.

1. Julacea. Leaves crowded small green us. shining, gen.
neither limbate nor reflexed; cells mostly very narrow; costa
not or scarcely excurrent. Capsule not oblique. Stems julaceous.
R. fruiting.

2. Speirophylla. Leaves more or less distant, often red,
not shining, sometimes reflexed or limbate; cells dilated; costa
sometimes excurrent. Capsule straight or (sometimes in B. pallens)
oblique. Stems not julaceous.

B. ‘Basal leaf-cells (at insertion of elder leaves) us. deep-red.

*) This section could be related as ‘a proper genus to fam. Meeseacee,
allied to Plagiobryum and Orthodontium. |

— 348 —

a. Capsule gen. red, r. brown. Leaves broader at base,
without hairpoint, r. limbate.

3. Erythrocarpa. Leaves often serrulate above; costa thin.
excurrent. Capsule mostly red. Tufts small us. loose. Dioecious
or r. monoecious.

4. Alpiniformia. Leaves gen. entire; costa somewhat thick,
gen. not (r. shortly) excurrent. Tufts large and dense. Us.
dioecious.

b. Capsule brown or red-brown. Leaves gen. with a by.
costa not formed hairpoint, often entire; the lower of stem or
the upper of shoots often broader above middle.

5. "Triehophora. Leaves us. limbate; costa often abbreviate.
Capsule gen. subclavate. Dioecious or r. synoecious. Tufts
often large and dense.

€. Capsule brown. Leaves broader at base, without hair-
point, entire or denticulate; costa us. excurrent. Dioecious or
sometimes synoecious.

6. Bimiformia. Leaves gen. broadly limbate and large,
sometimes denticulate, often distant. Stem distinct us. high.

7. Cwspiticia. Leaves not or very narrowly limbate, gen.
entire and not large, crowded. Stem distinct gen. not high.

8. Gemmiformia. Leaves not or narrowly limbate, small |
entire crowded. Stem very short with gemmiform shoots. Cilia
of endostome sometimes not appendiculate.

Pachylophus.

A. Plants small with small leaves. Tufts low. E

l. Argenteiformia. Capsule often red; neck finally narrowed.
Costa of leaves subpercurrent or short-excurrent. Stems julaceous.

2. Versicoloriformia. Capsule us, (finally) red; neck us.
not narrowed. Costa of leaves long-excurrent. Stems r. julaceous.

B. Plants large with large leaves.

3. Zonatiformia. Capsule yellowish; neck finally narrowed.
Costa of leaves gen. subpercurrent. Stems not julaceous, US. -
very tomentose.

Cladodium. :

A. Leaves not (or very faintly) red at insertion. Tufts mostly
loose.

a. Capsule and peristomial teeth red. Leaves not limbate. -

1. Erythrodontia, Capsule short-necked, not oblique. Mom —
oecious. : :

b. Capsule and peristomial teeth brownish or yellowish.
Leaves gen. limbate. :

— 849 —

2. Areticiformia. Capsule gen. not longer than neck, often
oblique; teeth short; endostome more or less adhering. Us. syn-
oecious. Leaves gen. entire.

3. Cernuiformia. Capsule not longer than neck, us. oblique;
teeth long; endostome gen. not adhering. Us. monoecious.
Leaves us. denticulate above. i

4. Purpurascentiformia. Capsule gen. longer than neck,
not oblique. Often monoecious. .

B. Leaves dark red at insertion (at least in elder leaves).
Peristomial teeth brownish or yellowish.

a. Capsule red. Tufts loose.

5. Calophylloidea. Capsule very short-necked. Monoecious.

b. Capsule brownish or yellowish. Tufts gen. dense.

6. Penduliformia. Capsule gen. longer than neck, not
oblique. Us. synoecious, r. dioecious or monoecious. Leaves
gen. not decurrent. -

7. Rutilantiformia. Capsule gen. not longer than neck,
oblique. Us. dioecious, r. monoecious. Leaves decurrent distant.

Webera.

A. Perichetial leaves sublinear-lanceolate narrowly acuminate
acute, longish. Other leaves r. decurrent.

1. Crudiformia. Capsule indistinctly necked before sporosis,
finally not much longer than neck, often yellowish brown, gen.
not pendent; pedicel long. Leaves often somewhat large; upper
cells very narrow.

2. Nutantiformia. Capsule distinctly necked also before
sporosis, not much longer than neck, brownish (or partly red-
dish) and somewhat narrow, pendent; cilia sometimes appendi-
culate. Leaves often distant; upper cells sometimes dilated.

3. Pulchelliformia. Capsule more or less distinctly necked
before sporosis, gen. much longer than neck, often pendent and
appressed to pedicel, sometimes reddish. Leaves small us. distant.
Stem short. Dioecious.

B. Perichetial leaves shortish, oblong-lanceolate acute broadly
acuminate or obtuse. Other leaves gen. decurrent; cells not r.
dilated.

4. Queullatiformia. Male flowers gemmiform. Capsule
brownish annulate. Leaves green us. short.

5. Albieantiformia. Male flowers discoid. Capsule red-
dish not annulate. Leaves us. long, often glaucous green.

— 350 —

I. Leptobryum Br. eur.
1.B.piriforme L. — Mnium L.; Bryum Wiggers. `
Capsule piriform or round-oval, chestnut-colored; neck long;
lid small; annulus revoluble; teeth pale yellow; pedicel long.
Tufts us. 1—2 c. m. high. Resembles somewhat Dicranella

heteromalla in habit. — Stone-walls and rocks nearly common.
Eur. Sweden etc.| Amer. Can.: Macoun. U.: S.: com. Cardot.
IL Eu-Bryum.

| 1. Julacea (Anomobryum Schimper),

A. Leaves obtusate obtuse, us. shining when dry.
2.B.filiforme Dickson. — Anomobryum julaceum Schimp.

Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, very concave, gen. entire; up-
per cells narrow; costa not percurrent. Capsule suboblong.
Stems longish, tufted. — Sandy soil in alps r. Eur. Switzerl.!
Austria: Schimper. i

B. Leaves short-acuminate or apiculate (or some ones obtuse).

a. Leaves of the short fruiting stem reflexed, sublimbate,
not shining; costa percurrent.
3.B.bullatum C. Mueller.

Leaves broad-ovate or ovate, entire; cells narrow. Capsule
small oblong-piriform yellowish pendent; cilia appendiculate.
Tufts loose; shoots and male plants longish. Habit of the last.
— Amer. r. Can., Selkirk mts: Macoun 1890, »Alaska»: C. M.

b. Leaves neither reflexed nor limbate, us. shining; costa
subpercurrent or (in B. juliforme) abbreviate.
4.B.juliforme ©. Solms Laubach. — Anomobryum Solms;
Bryum Schimper.

Leaves ovate-oblong, denticulate near apex; upper cells nar-
row; costa short. Capsule claviform. Tufts about 1 c. m. high. =
— Rocks r. Eur. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli. Norway: Hagen.
5.B.sericeum Lacroix. — B. leptostomum Schimp. B3

Leaves suboval entire: those of shoots often obtuse; upper
cells oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboblong; »peristome rudi-

mentary»: Limpricht. Stem us. very low when barren, some- - 2

times 1 c. m. high in fruiting state. — Wet rocks r. Eur. -
France: Berthoumieu; Lamy, com. Husnot.
6.B.coneinnatum Spruce. e"
Leaves ovate or broadly ovate-lanceolate, gen. entire; upper
cells often rhomboidal.. Capsules unknown. Stems: longish, |
often mixed in other moss-tufts, sometimes with greenish bul-
billi. Often silver-glossy when dry. —. Rocks princ. in alps f. —
Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! » Amer.»: Lq. et. Jam. ME

— 351 —

7.B.Geheebii C. Mueller.

Leaves broad-ovate obtusely short-acuminate; upper cells
rhombic. Capsules unknown, Stem with bulbilli. Tufts 3 c. m.
high. Habit of the last. — Wet rocks r. Eur. Switzerland»:
Limpricht.

*B.Combe Notaris.

»Leaves ovate-oblong obtusely short-acuminate; upper cells
oblong-oval or rhomboidal. -Capsules unknown. Tufts 1 c. m.
high. -— Eur. r. Sardinia island: Comba»: Limpricht.

; 2. Speirophylla.

A. Leaves finally rose-red, loosely disposed, gen. not lim-
bate. Capsule not oblique, longer than neck.

a. Leaves long-decurrent; costa not excurrent.
8.B.Duvalii Voit. — B. lato-decurrens C. M. et. Kindb. l. c.

Leaves not reflexed, ovate-oblong acute or apiculate. Cap-
sulé brown strangulate; pedicel often very long. Stems often
long and loosely tufted. Not often fruiting. — Swamps also
in alps. Eur. not uncommon. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun;
Moser.
9.B.obtusifolium Lindberg.

Leaves reflexed, gen. broad-ovate obtuse, r. subacute. Ripe
capsules not found; pedicel not long. Tufts us. dense and not
high. — Northern alps near perennial snow r. Eur. Norway!
Sweden: E. Nyman. Spetsbergen: Berggren; Gyllencreutz. Amer.
Alaska: Palmer (fertile).
10.B.pygm:o-alpinum C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves not reflexed, gen. broad-ovate obtuse, less loosely
disposed. Capsules unknown. — Wet rocks in alp. region r.
Amer. Can., Vanc. isl. 1700 metr. a. s.: Macoun.

b. Leaves gen. not decurrent; costa sometimes excurrent.
11.B.erythrophyllum Kindb. cat. Can. m. r

Leaves (at least the lower) reflexed, subovate scarcely apt
culate; cells subrhombic; costa pereurrent. Capsule brown sub-
oblong finally strangulate.. Tufts loose. — Wet earth r. Amer.
Can.: Macoun. Alaska: Palmer.
12.B.erythrophylloides Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves diversiform, not reflexed: uppermost oblong-lanceolate
somewhat long-acuminate with narrower cells and short-excur-
rent costa; middle leaves ovate-oblong acute with subrhombic
cells and pereurrent costa; the lowest ovate-oval subobtuse.
Capsules unknown. . Tufts loose. — By springs r. Amer. Can.:
Macoun. ied et ad et Dd

— 852 —
* B.Gaspeanum Kindb. 1. c. Hostia Em
Nearly all leaves narrow: uppermost short-decurrent, lower
sublimbate; costa sometimes long-excurrent. Capsules unknown.
— Wet rocks. r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
13.B.alpiniforme Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves not reflexed, ovate-oblong short-acuminate or apiculate;
. cells subrhombic; costa gen. short-excurrent. Capsules unknown.
Tufts somewhat. dense. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. -

B. Leaves us. red, gen. not much distant, limbate; costa
percurrent or short-excurrent; shoot-leaves us. decurrent. Cap-
sule shorter than neck, not or indistinctly constricted below
mouth, often oblique.
14.B.pallens Swartz.
© Leaves us. reflexed to above middle, ovate-oblong or subob-
ovate, acute or acuminate, entire or nearly so, brownish or
yellow limbate, somewhat twisted when dry. Capsule us. oblique
with often curved neck; teeth yellow; endostome nearly orange;
lid mamillate; cilia sometimes not appendiculate; spores.r. large.
Stem us. low (about 1 c. m.) and sparingly radiculose near
base. Tufts loose. Easily confounded with B. arcticum. —
Moist earth, sometimes on stone-walls, often in alps. Eur.
common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl]| Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
* B.rufescens Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves very distant, entire, faintly or not reflexed, spreading -
when dry. Tufts dense rufescent 6—8 c. m. high. Capsules
unknown. — Alp. districts r. Eur. Norway, near Kongswold!
* B.fallax Milde.

Leaves scarcely reflexed, oval-ovate narrowly limbate us. not.
red; costa gen. percurrent. Capsule us. not oblique; lid api- —
culate; cilia not appendiculate. Tufts low less loose. — Wet -
rocks prine. in higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway! France:
Boulay. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

* B.baldense Venturi. |

»Capsule symmetric; cilia not appendiculate. Costa of leaves
gen. abbreviate. — Calcareous alp; rocks r. Eur. Austria»: Vent.

C. Leaves us. greenish, more or less loosely disposed. Cap-
sule strangulate, not oblique.

a. Leaves obtuse; costa abbreviate. jn
15.B.eyclophyllum Schwegrichen. — Mnium Schw.; Bryum B. E.

Leaves not distinctly limbate, round-oval or broadly obovate,
loosely disposed, not distinctly decurrent, not or scarcely rè -
flexed. Capsule brown-yellow; neck short. Stems not or loosely

— 853 —

tufted, often long. Very r. fruiting. — Wet places prine: be-
low alps r. Eur. Sweden: R. Hartman. Finl.: Brotherus. France:
Boulay. Amer. Can.: Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren.

b. Leaves gen. acute (in B. Schleicheri *latifolium mostly ob-
tuse) costa percurrent or short-excurrent. R. fruiting. Male
flowers subdisciform. : ?
16.B.turbinatum Hedwig.

Leaves indistinctly or very narrowly limbate, not imbricate
when dry, carinate; upper cells rhomboidal. Stem-leaves ovate-
lanceolate, reflexed below, gen. not decurrent. Capsule long-
necked; teeth yellow, segments paler; lid apiculate. Tufts us.
tomentose, often high. — Wet places also in alps. Eur. not
common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! France: Schimper: Eng-
land: Rogers. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. `
17.B.Schleicheri Schweegrichen.

Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, ovate-oblong concave,
gen. broadly limbate and decurrent; upper cells often subrhom-
bic. Capsule larger, short-necked; segments nearly orange; lid
conic. Tufts sparingly radiculose. — Wet places in alp. region
prine. in southern districts. Eur. Switzerl., Norway! Austria:
Breidler. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

* B.latifolium Schleicher. — Mnium Schl.; Bryum Bridel.

Leaves larger, subovate gen. obtuse, often partly reddish. —
In higher alp. region r. Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi. Greece:
Heldreich. France: Husnot. Scotl.: Holt.
18.B.grandirete Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves acute not limbate, imbricate when dry, ovate or broad-
ovate, not or scarcely acuminate, loosely disposed and short-
decurrent; cells very large: upper subrhombic; costa percurrent.
Capsules unknown. Tufts sparingly radiculose, red-brown below,
yellowish green above, not high. — In alpsr. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col: Macoun. `

8. Erythrocarpa.

A. Leaves not limbate.

a. Capsule strangulate turbinate. Dioecious.
19.B.Klinggreffii Schimper. — »B. constrictum Bruch mser.»
Husnot.

Leaves small entire, reflexed below: uppermost ovate-lance-
olate; costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Tufts loose green. —
Earth and stone-walls r. Hur. Switzerl.! Germany: Milde,
Sweden: Groenwall.

b. Capsule not strangulate.

— 354 —

< aa. Capsule thick short-piriform. Monoecious.
20.B.Sauteri Bryol. eur. |

Leaves entire narrowly ovate-oblong not reflexed;' costa long-
excurrent. Tufts reddish green or brownish. — Wet sand by
alp. rivulets r. Eur. Austria: Gander.

bb. Capsule gen. narrow. Dioecious
21.B.erythrocarpum Schwægrichen.

‘Leaves narrow serrulate above, reflexed below middle, often
decurrent; the uppermost with excurrent costa.: Tufts yellowish
. green. Often with red bud-like propagula. — Sandy places
princ. below alps.. Zur. not uncommon. Sweden, Switzerl.!
Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
22.B.murale Wilson. i

Leaves ovate-oblong not reflexed gen. entire, not decurrent;
costa excurrent. Tufts yellowish green, or reddish below. —
Stone-walls and rocks in lower distr. r. Eur. Switzerl.! Greece:
Heldréich. France: Le. Jolis.

B. Leaves limbate. Capsule not strangulate. © Dioecious. :

a. Leaves serrulate above. Capsule narrow. Tee
23.B.marginatum Bryol. eur.; Husnot m. gall.

Leaves ovate-oblong not reflexed; costa subpercurrent. Tufts
dense brown-red. — Sandstone rocks r. Eur. » Germany: Bruch»:
Schimper.
24.B.Bomanssonii Lindberg. |

Leaves ovate-lanceolate reflexed below; costa long-excurrent.
Tufts brown loose. — Eur. r. Finl.: Bomansson, com. Brotherus.

b. Leaves nearly entire, not distinctly reflexed. Capsule
sometimes thick,
25.B.rubens Mitten; Braithwaite brit. mossfl.

Leaves ovate-oval; costa excurrent. Capsule narrow; lid api- s 1 |
culate. Tufts somewhat loose yellowish green, or reddish below. x

— On ground r. Eur. »Engl»: Braithwaite. .
26.B.micro-erythrocarpum ©. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves ovate-oblong; costa gen. subpereurrent. Capsule thick — "hj

piriform; lid rostellate. Tufts dense finally rufescent. — Wet -
gravel near water. Amer. Can. Vance. isl: Macoun ^ ^ ^ —
4. Alpiniformia. Jonasi

A. Leaves distinctly limbate (at least the lower) and reflexed;
costa gen. percurrent. " falo

a. Leaves obtusate subobtuse; the lower broadly recurved
and limbate; the uppermost not limbate and nearly flat. Cap-
sules unknown. i l jin ah;

— 355 —

27.B.pereurrentinerve Kindb. bull, Torr. club XVII.

Leaves somewhat large, not distinctly decurrent, nearly ap-
pressed when dry; upper cells oblong-oval. Lower leaves sub-
ovate finally red; uppermost green glomerate oval or oval-oblong.
Tufts about 2 c. m. high. — Dripping rocks near a waterfall r.
Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. |

b. Leaves (at least the upper) acute, all narrowly reflex
and limbate.

aa. Leaf-cells red also those of the limb.

:28.B.hwmatophyllum Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Leaves very small, scarcely twisted; upper cells subrhombic.
Lower leaves oval-ovate subobtuse; uppermost suboblong acute
with short-exeurrent costa. Capsule (unripe) small oblong-obovate;
lid convex short-apiculate; pedicel thin short. Tufts about 1
c. m. high. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts and Anti-
costi: Macoun.
29.B.anoéctangiaceum C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Differs from the last: Nearly all leaves acute more distinctly
acuminate, less distinctly reflexed and limbate, less crowded
and spirally twisted when dry. Capsules unknown. Tufts
scarcely 2 c. m. high. — Rocks by torrents r. Amer. Can.
Brit. Col.: Macoun.

bb. Leaf-cells not red.
30.B.hematocarpum C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Leaves ovate-oblong acuminate, slightly corrugate and not or
loosely appressed. when dry: those of branches distant decurrent.
Capsule blood-red not constricted; endostome orange; segments
short; cilia often indistinctly appendiculate; pedicel 2—5 c. m.
long. Tufts tomentose about 5 c. m. high. — Damp rocks r.
Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. ninasi f

B. Leaves not or indistinctly limbate. |
..&. Leaves gen. broadly recurved all around or to above
middle, not decurrent; costa us. red.

aa. Costa of leaves gen. excurrent.

31.B.acieulinum Kindb. n. sp.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate acute recurved nearly all around,

2 nearly appressed when dry; upper cells oblong-rhomboidal, lower

basal near costa deep-red numerous. Capsule brown; teeth pale.
— In alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1250 metr. a. sea;

Macoun.
bb. Costa of leaves gen. percurrent.

— 856 —

32.B.alpinum Hudson.

Leaves nearly appressed not twisted when dry, us. ovate-
oblong or ovate-lanceolate acute and recurved to above middle;
upper cells us. narrow. Capsule blood-red not or faintly con-
stricted. Tufts often copper glossy. — Wet rocks. Eur. not
uncommon. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl! Amer. r. >U. S. White
mts»: James.

* B.meridionale Schimper. l

Leaves narrower with narrow cells; the uppermost often with
short-excurrent costa. — Eur. southern distr. r. Spain, Portu-
gal: Levier.

* B.appressum Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 66.

Capsule brown. Leaves narrow, lanceolate short-acuminate
acute or obtuse, recurved all around, more strongly appressed
when dry, gen. not red at base; costa not red. Tufts sparingly -
radiculose not glossy. - Amer. r. U. S. Washington: Roell.
*B.gemmiparum Notaris.

Leaves us. green and not glossy, sublimbate by one row of
narrower cells, less recurved and less appressed, gen. subobtuse:
uppermost often denticulate near apex; costa not red. Capsule

red-brown. Very r. fruiting. — Wet rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.!
Italy: Bottini. Belgium: Delogne.
33.B.Muehlenbeckii Br. eur. — B. alpinum var. brevifolium

Myrin; B. brevifolium Lindb.; B rubicundulum C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.
Differs from B. alpinum: Leaves gen. suboblong obtusate or
obtuse, often recurved nearly all around; upper cells more dilated. —— :
Capsule sometimes brown (but often blood-red). Tufts not
glossy. — Dripping rocks. Eur. less r. Norway! Sweden: Ar-
nell; P. Olsson. Switzerl: Culmann. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun;
Waghorne.
34.B.Raui Austin.

Leaves very much twisted when dry, subovate broadly ob-
tusate subobtuse, strongly recurved all around; cells subrhombie, |
the lowest near base deep-red numerous; costa r. but shortly — —
excurrent. Capsule pale brown subclavate strangulate; neck —
longer. Tufts very tomentose, green above, not glossy. — Wet
rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun Canad. musci n. 480. —

b. Leaves not or slightly reflexed. :

aa. Leaves small and green, more or less twisted when dry.
35.B.flagellosum Kindb. n. sp. T

Leaves gen. ovate; cells subrhombic; costa sometimes short-
excurrent. Uppermost leaves and those of flagelliform shoots

CHE D TET NOI RIEN

— 357 —

ovate-oblong. Capsule brown oblong-piriform faintly constricted,

= gmaller and shorter than in the last; neck short. Tufts dense

tomentose. Habit of B. cespiticium. — Amer. r. Can. Rocky
mts: Macoun.
bb. Leaves not twisted, more or less strongly appresse

when dry, large and mostly reddish.

36.B.Mildei Juratzka.

Leaves gen. ovate-oblong acute sometimes denticulate near
apex; cells oblong-rhomboidal; costa green or brown-yellow not
r. short-excurrent. Capsule reddish yellow finally brown. Tufts
green us. silky or golden glossy, often very large. Very r. frui-
ting. — Earth and stones r. Eur. Switzerll; Philibert. Belgium:
Roemer.
37.B.Atwateriw C. Mueller.

Leaves gen. arrounded at apex, not r. short-decurrent; lower
cells red; costa not excurrent, finally crimson-red. Stem-leaves
suboblong; cells oblong-lanceolate. Branch-leaves crimson-red
gen. suboval with oblong-oval cells, sometimes narrower with
narrower cells. Capsule us. red, not strangulate. Tufts 3—5
c. m. high, us. red not glossy. — Wet rocks r. Amer. princ.
in Pacif. distr: Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.
38.B.miniatum Lesquereux.

Differs from the last: Leaves not decurrent, often green or brown;
cells suboblong; costa green or at base red. Capsule smaller.
— Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1300 metr. a. sea; N.
Foundl: Waghorne.
39.B.capitellatum C. M. et Kindb. l. c.

Uppermost leaves suboblong subacute not arrounded at apex;
cells somewhat narrow; costa green percurrent. Lowest leaves
small oval round-obtuse distant finally reddisb; costa red not
pereurrent. "Tufts low golden glossy above or green. Capsules
unknown. — Wet rocks near Pacific sea r. Amer, Can. Vane.
isl.: Macoun.
40.B.corsicum Kindb. n. sp. in litt. ad Levier.

Leaves flaccid pale red entire subobtuse, not distinctly reflexed,
not densely appressed when dry; upper cells wide, the others
somewhat narrow; costa pale red or yellowish not excurrent.
Stem-leaves crowded ovate-oblong; branch-leaves suboblong di-
stant decurrent. Capsules unknown. Tufts high. — Eur. r.

Corsica: E. Levier.
5. . Trichophora. .

- A. Leaves distinctly limbate.

— ME e

à. Leaves, princ. the lower of stem, gen. sublingulate with
long narrow base, us. obtusate; basal short-rectangular, upper
rhomboidal. Us. dioecious. -
41.B.eapillare L.

Leaves gen. broad-limbate nearly entire and crowded, twisted
when dry, us. green; limb. us. yellowish. Capsule us. red-brown.

— On dry stones and old roofs princ. in lower districts. Eur.
common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq.
et Jam.

* B.torquescens Bruch.

Leaves dark-green or brownish, more acuminate. Capsule
dark brown. Sometimes synoecious or monoecious. — Eur. t.
Germany, Switzerl.! France: Philibert. Engl: Holt. Greece:
Orphanides. »Amer.»: Lesq. et Jam.

* B.restitutum Notaris.

Leaves finally. brown-red, entire obtuse; limb brown. Capsule
dark. brown. — Zur, r| Switzerl. near Lugano! »Italy near
Como»: Notaris.

* B.ruraliforme Kindb. n. subsp.

. Leaves brown-red strongly dentate subacute; limb brown. cu
Shoot-leaves sometimes decurrent. Capsules unknown. Habit ©
of Barbula ruralis. — Amer, r. Can. Vane. isl: Macoun 1893:

* B.erythroloma Kindb. n. subsp. ais

Leaves purplish red acute nearly entire; limb rose-red. —
Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl:.Macoun 1892. Bois
* B.Haistii Schimper. ; : 7

»Leaves small entire finally red; awn reddish. — Stone-walls r-
Eur, Switzérl.»: Schimper, . |
42.B.speirophyllum Kindb. bull. soc. bot. ital. 1895. ae m

Differs from B. capillare: Leaves narrowly limbate distant - »
decurrent gen. entire, flaccid when moist, corrugate not twisted $
when dry. —. Moist rocks. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. ——
Can. Vance. isl: Macoun. MS

b. Leaves, prince. those of stem, subovate-lanceolate with ae
not or slightly narrowed base, often acuminate, not or slightly —
twisted when dry; basal cells short-rectangular, upper rhom: 1
boidal. -Dioecious. i — o
43.B.Donii Greville. was
- Leaves- nearly crowded and not decurrent, us. denticulate ——
and broadly limbate. Upper shoot-leaves often rosulate. Cap? -
sule often very large.. Tufts green or brown. — Dry stopes
in warmer distr. r. Eur. Italy: Levier; Arcangeli. Greece? -

Heldreich. France: Corbiére. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun.
U. S: Marshall A. Howe; Roell. hiroh fi
* B.obeonicum Hornschuch. l

Leaves nearly entire not rosulate. Capsule. less: large. —
Walls and sandstone rocks r.- Eur. Switzerl.! Engl: Curnow,
com. Holt. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Macoun.

* B.floridanum Renauld et Cardot. Jio

»Leaves shorter, narrower limbate not recurved. — Amer.
r. U. S.»: Cardot. iih
44.B.squarrosum Kindb. in Hedwigia 1896 p. 66.

Fruiting stem very short; leaves crowded :denticulate, less
distinctly limbate. Leaves of sterile stems (shoots). broadly.
limbate gen. denticulate, distant decurrent spreading also when
dry. Capsule not large. Tufts reddish brown. — Amer. r.
U. S. Oregon near Astoria: Roell.

€. Leaves short narrowly .limbate. Tufts low and dense.
Dioecious. 3; ;

: aa. Leaves imbricate somewhat large, very concave.
45.B.elegans Esenbeck. £65

.Leaves subobovate not or indistinctly recurved, only the
upper limbate denticulate; cells subrhombiec. .Capsule large.
Tufts green or finally reddish. — Calcareous rocks princ. in
alps r. Eur. Switzerl. in alp. region! a

b. Leaves small us. not imbricate; cells gen. oblong-rhombic.
46.B.oreganum Sullivant; Lesq. et Jam. l

.. . Leaves twisted: lower few very small; upper glomerate sub-

ovate abruptly acuminate, sometimes recurved. Tufts brown
or finally reddish, very low. — Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
47.B.streptophyllum Kindb. n. sp. 9

. Differs from the last: All leaves crowded nearly uniform:
upper not larger and not recurved, very concave. Tufts green
finally brown, less low. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. Can.
Brit. Col: Macoun. a

48.B.trichophorum Kindb. n. sp. mur od
Leaves obtusate appressed neither recurved nor twisted: lower

distant linear-oblong acute, upper crowded suboval. Tufts green.
Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. Can. Vane. isl. near sea: Ma-
eoun 1893. b a E
B. Leaves not distinctly limbate. Capp y Bolia
a. Leaves, princ. the lower of stem, gen. sublingulate. with
long.narrow base, as in B. capillare, us. twisted and crowded.
Dioecious. idis cose hires“ 4 own 10519 ain

— 360 —

aa. Leaves not decurrent; cells large.
49.B.Hendersoni Renauld et Cardot. te

Leaves large strongly dentate and recurved, twisted; awn
short often dentate; upper shoot.leaves rosulate, Capsule large.
Tufts green somewhat high. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr.
Can. Vance. isl. Macoun 1887 and 1893. U. S. Oregon: Hen-
derson, com. Cardot.
50.B.Sawyeri Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves less large nearly entire not recurved, twisted. Cap-
sule less large. Tufts green. — Logs and rocksr. Amer. Can.:
Macoun. U. S.: Sawyer, com. Cardot. i
51.B.sanguilentum Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves: not large, recurved and nearly entire, not twisted.
Capsule red not large. — Logs r. Amer. U. S. Calif.: M. A. Howe.

bb. Leaves decurrent; cells somewhat small.
52.B.gemmascens Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves small twisted entire not recurved: lower and middle
distant short-decurrent narrowly sublingulate acuminate acute;
comal leaves glomerate to a broadly clavate bud, suboval
subobtuse, Tufts green. Capsules unknown. — Stones near
sea. Amer. Can. Vance. isl: Macoun 1893.

b. Leaves, prine. those of stem, subovate-lanceolate, as in
B. Doni.
53.B.provinciale Philibert,

Leaves crowded scarcely or not twisted, us. denticulate. Cap-
sule often less large than in B. capillare. Tufts dense us.
brown. Sometimes synoecious. — Calcareous soil r. Eur. France:
Philibert. Greece: Heldreich.
* B.erassirameum Renauld et Cardot.

Leaves green entire more recurved. Tufts loose. — Amer.
r. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot. ios qu
54.B.extenuatum Renauld et Cardot. dle

Leaves distant nearly entire gen. long-decurrent, twisted when —
dry. Tufts green not dense. — Logs and rocks r. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot. ed

€. Leaves short as in B. elegans, not recurved; cells: sub-
rhombic. - Dioecious. 2

aa. Leaves twisted when dry, not densely crowded. Cap-
sules unknown.
55.B.Stirtoni Schimper; Braithwaite. :
- Leaves broadly subovate nearly entire. subdecurrent not large.
Tufts green. — Eur. r. Switzerl.! »Scotl»: Braithw. «7

— 861 —

56.B.tomentosum Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves subovate nearly gradually acuminate, entire decurrent
small. Tufts brown and very tomentose below, green above,
dense and not low. — Amer. r. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun 1890.

bb. Leaves not distinctly twisted, nearly appressed when dry.
57.B.heteroneuron C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can, m.

L Leaves suboval or-subobovate often obtuse, entire or faintly
denticulate, crowded and not large; awn sometimes wanting.
Capsule less large than in B. capillare. Tufts us. reddish, not
high; shoots clavate, — Rocks and roadsides r. Amer. Can.
Brit. Col. and Vane. isl: Macoun.
58.B.carinthiacum Bryol. eur.

Leaves subobtuse cochleariform gen. not large: lower entire
subobovate not crowded, upper ovate-oval us. denticulate. Tufts
brown with green tops us. very high. Capsules not seen. —
Moist rocks princ. in alps r. Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler,
com. Warnstorf.

* B.spelugense Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves larger, flaccid and not cochleariform: upper subobo-
vate, middle short-decurrent; cells larger; awn sometimes indi-
Stinct.. Capsules unknown, — Rocks in higher alp. region r.
Eur. Switzerl. near Spluegen 1500 metr. a sea!
59.B.Ferchelii Funck. D

Leaves small suboval-ovate subobtuse entire or faintly denti-
culate, gen. crowded and not decurrent; awn us. short. Cap-
sule smaller than in B. elegans; lid mamillate. Tufts brown-
green us. low. — Rocks prine. in alps, r: Eur. Norway, Swit-
zerl.| Amer, »U. 8.»: Cardot.

* B.sueceieum Kindb. n. subsp.

Leaves gen. distant decurrent entire; awn long flexuous. Cap-
sules not seen. Tufts brown below, dark green above, about
. 4 c. m. high. — Moist places r. Eur. Sweden Aongermanl. on

the shore of a lake: H. W. Arnell.

| 6. Bimiformia.

A. Leaves distinctly decurrent, not (or slightly near base)
reflexed, gen. broadly limbate; costa gen. percurrent. Dioecious.
60.B. ense Itzi hn. i
taies es raso us. obtuse cucullate. Tufts us.

brown-green. R. fruiting. — Swamps and rivulets. Hur, not
common. . Norway! Sweden: Lindberg. Spetsbergen: Berggren.

Engl: Rogers. Spain: Husnot.. ^

— 362 —

* B.ovatum Juratzka. :

Leaves oval-ovate more concave and large; the uppermost
acuminate, Tufts green us. high. — Eur. r. Norway! Austria:
Breidler. Finl.: Brotherus.
61.B.denticulatum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate acuminate acute, distantly denticu-
late above to middle. Capsules unknown. — Springs and
bogs r.: Amer. Can. Cypress hills: Macoun.
62.B.hydrophilum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute nearly
entire. Capsules unknown. — Wet springy places r. Amer.
Can. Vane. isl: Macoun.

B. Leaves decurrent, recurved nearly all around, acuminate
acute. .

a. Costa of leaves long-excurrent. Capsule narrow stran-
gulate; neck us. long; teeth yellow; segments fenestrate.
63.B.affine Bruch. — Webera Bruch; Bryum Lindb.; B. cuspi-
datum Schimper.

Leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate and not broadly yellowish lim-
bate, denticulate near apex, short-decurrent not or slightly twi-
sted. Peristomial teeth pale. Stem not high. Pedicel not
long. Habit of B. pallescens. Synoecious. — Stonewalls and
rocks r. Eur. Norway! France: Renauld. Sweden: Groenwall.
Spain near Valencia: Dieck, com. Roell. aod
64.B.revelstokense Kindb. revue bryol. 1896.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate entire with pale not —
broad limb, much twisted when dry, short-decurrent exc. the
uppermost glomerate. Pedicel very long. ‘Tufts green tomen-
“tose 1—-2 c. m. high. Dioecious. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. |
Brit. Col: Macoun.

b. Costa of leaves not or Shortly excurrent. Tufts us. high
and tomentose, sometimes red. x

65.B.bimum Schreber. ko. d

Leaves gen. ovate-oblong and denticulate near apex; limb
broad yellowish. Perichetial leaves with not excurrent costa.

Capsule brown not oblique; neck shorter; teeth pale. Synoecious. | | iu
— Swamps and wet rocks not uncommon. Kur. Sweden, ot
Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Schrader, com. C.M.

66.B.leueolomatum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves as in the last; limb pale. Perichetial leaves with
excurrent costa. Capsule as in the last. Stem very high.
Synoecious. —- Marshes r. Amer, Can. Brit. Col: Macoun: ^

— 363 —

67.B.ventricosum Dickson. — B. pseudotriquetrum Schweegr.

Leaves as in B. bimum. Capsule brown sometimes slightly
oblique; neck often long; teeth yellow. Dioecious. Very variable.
— Wet places common also in alps. Eur. Sweden etc.! Amer,
Can.: Macoun.

* B.bimoideum Notaris. — »Leaves nearly imbricate suberect;
costa longer-excurrent. Lid of capsule long-apiculate. — Eur.
r. Switzerl.»: Limpricht.

* B.hyalodontium C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Capsule pale brown not oblique; teeth pale hyaline. — Wet
rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.
68.B.Reyeri Breidler. ;

Differs from B. ventricosum: »Leaves longer finally reddish,
narrowly limbate and nearly entire. Capsules unknown. —
Dripping alp. rocks r. Hur. Austria: Breidler»: Limpricht.

C. Leaves not decurrent, broadly limbate and recurved gen.
entire; costa excurrent.

a. Capsule strangulate with wide mouth. Tufts dense.
69.B.pallescens Schleicher.

Leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate, twisted when dry, Capsule pale
brown or yellowish us. subclavate and not pendent when young;
teeth pale. "Tufts us. 2—3 c. m. high, often green. Often
monoecious. — Earth and rocks also in alps, princ. the nor-
thern. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer.
Greenl: Berggren. Can.: Macoun.

* B.contextum Hoppe et Hornschuch.

Leaves short-acuminate smaller. Capsule thicker and more —
distinctly strangulate; pedicel often only 1 c. m. long. Tufts
brown-green often much higher. — Rocks princ. in alps. Éur.
Norway!
70.B.cirratum Hoppe et Hornschuch.

Leaves gen. ovate or ovate-oblong, not or slightly curled.
Capsule brown somewhat thick and pendent; teeth pale. Tufts
green us. about 1 c. m. high and less compact than in the
last. Spores in some alpine forms somewhat large. Us. synoe-
cious. — On earth princ. on old roads in alps. ur. not r.
Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

* B.sysphinetum Limpricht.

Leaves denticulate near apex; costa short-excurrent. Capsule
smaller thicker and more constricted with shorter neck. Some-
times monoecious. — In alps r. Eur. Norway!; Kaurin.

^b. Capsule small-mouthed not constricted.

— 364 .—

71.B.subglobosum Schliephacke. ^. TT p

»Leaves ovate-oblong not twisted; costa long-excurrent. Cap-
sule subglobose piriform; neck short; lid mamillate; teeth brown-
yellow. Tufts dusky green less than 1 c. m. high. Synoecious
or polygamous. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.: Greefe: Lim;
pricht. " TL
* B.Benitzii C. Mueller. ad.

Capsule oval-oblong finally piriform. | Uppermost leaves sub-
lanceolate. Tufts about 1 c. m. high. — Arctic distr. r. Eur.
Norway: Bænitz, com. E. Adlerz. fei oe
72.B.Lise Notaris.

»Leaves oblong-lanceolate appressed when. dry; costa; long:
excurrent, Capsule ovoid; neck scarcely shorter; lid mamillate;
teeth brown-yellow. Tufts brownish loose about l e. m. high,
Synoecious. — On mountains r. Eur. Italy: Lisa»: Limpricht;

7. Ceespiticia.

A. Leaves distinctly limbate. Spores about or nearly 0,02
m. m.

à. Fertile stem nearly indistinct with glomerate leaves.
Sterile shoots elongate julaceous. Dioecious.,
73.B.Jackii C. Mueller. |

»Leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate, denticulate near apex,
strongly recuryed; costa long-excurrent. Capsule oval or sub:
cylindric; lid blackish red. Tufts dense 3 c. m. high. — Alp.
region r. Eur. Austria: Jack»: Limpricht. . iD

b. Stem us. distinct; shoots not julaceous. Synoecious. . -
74.B.stenotrichum C. Mueller. |

»Leaves small from broad-ovate base somewhat long-acumi-
nate reflexed to acumen; costa long-excurrent. Capsule small

suboblong; neck short; teeth short; cilia rudimentary; pedicel T ;
about 3 c. m. long. Tufts low. Fertile stem short with some- —

What short shoots. Habit of B. cespiticium. — Arctic distr.

r. Amer. Alaska: Krause»: C. M. in Flora 1887... s .....)

75.B.producticolle Kindb. n. sp. cm 4918
Leaves ovate-lanceolate reflexed; costa long-excurrent.. Cap-
sule narrow strangulate; neck long not curved; lid low short-
apiculate; cilia long-appendiculate. Tufts about 1 c. m. high.
Spores scarcely 0,02 m. m. — Rocks r, Amer. Can. Vanc. isl:
Macoun 1893, i sino.
76.B.mamilligerum Kindb. cat. Canad. m. d
Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong not distinctly reflexed; costa
long-excurrent. Capsule narrow not strangulate; neck long cur -

= 985 =

ved; lid low mamillate. Tufts 1—2 c. m. high. Fruiting stem
1—2 m. m. high. Spores larger than in the last. — Damp
rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun.

77.B.fuseum Lindberg.

»Leaves ovate-lanceolate reflexed, denticulate above; costa
short-excurrent. Capsule narrow faintly constricted; neck as
long; lid short-conic; cilia long-appendiculate. Tufts about 1 c. m.
high. Spores about 0,02 m. m. — Wet sand r. Eur, Finl.:
Lindberg»: Limpricht.

B. Leaves not distinctly limbate.

a. Shoots julaceous.. Leaves not or near base slightly re-
flexed. Dioecious.
78.B.Funckii Schwegrichen,

Leaves subovate very short-acuminate; upper cells dilated;
costa short-excurrent. Capsule narrow strangulate; lid mamil-
late. Tufts loose very low. Spores sometimes about 0,02 m. m.,
often smaller. — Sand or gravel princ. in southern distr. Eur.
not r. Sweden: R. Hartman; J. Persson.
79.B.Kunzei Hornschuch.

Leaves smaller nearly pellucid: those of stem suboblong;
shoot-leaves broad-ovate longer acuminate; upper cells narrow;
costa long-exeurrent. Capsule narrow or subpiriform strangu-
late; lid mamillate. "Tufts compact about 2 c. m. or higher.
Spores about 0,01 m. m. — Dry earth also in alps r. Eur.
. Norway! -
80.B.oecidentale Sullivant.

Leaves small oval or suboblong often decurrent; upper cells
narrow; costa short-excurrent. Capsule oblong wide-mouthed;
lid apiculate. Tufts tomentose about 1 c. m. high. — Amer,
r. U. 8. Montana: Roell. | s
|. "b. Shoots not distinctly julaceous. Spores small about 0,01
. m. m. Usually dioecious. Capsule us. narrow.
81.B.cespiticium L.

pitis Wordly ovate-oblong or shorter, us. recurved all
around; costa us. long-excurrent. Capsule strangulate us. yello-
wish brown; lid us. mamilláte. Tufts about 2 c. m. high or
lower. — Earth and rocks common. Eur. Sweden, Norway,
Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Schrader, com. C. M.
* B.badium Bruch. j ! iid

Capsule reddish brown; lid apiculate. Leaves sublimbate.
Tufts loose. — Humid earth r. Eur. Austria: Breidler. Switzerl.:

Pfeffer, com. Arnell.

— 866 —

* B.comense Schimper.

Leaves somewhat small, often slightly reflexed. Shoots some-
times subjulaceous. — Earth and walls r. Eur. Switzerl.!;
Philibert.

* B.oligochloron C. M. et Kindb. 1. c.

Leaves not or indistinctly reflexed, erect when moist. Shoots
subjulaceous. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col.:: Macoun. ;

* B.pseudo-Kunzei Limpricht.

»Leaves ovate-oblong gen. not recurved; costa short-excurrent.
Tufts about 1 c. m. high. Synoecious, — In alp. region r.
Eur, Switzerl: Culmann»: Limpricht.
82.B.microcephalum C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. )

Differs from B. cespiticium: Leaves narrower, lanceolate very
long-acuminate; cells longer very narrow. Stem long proliferous
with numerous small male buds. Capsules unknown. — Rocks
r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
83.B.vaneouveriense Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong reflexed below; cells smaller
than in B. cespiticium; costa denticulate above, sometimes short-
excurrent. Capsule pale brown not constricted; lid low mamil-
late; pedicel about 5—6 c. m, long. Fruiting stem very short.
— Wet earth in woods r. Amer. Can. Vanc. isl: Macoun.

€. Shoots not julaceous. Spores about 0,02 m. m. Us.
synoecious. Capsule us. not strangulate (exc. B. Culmanmii).

aa. Capsule narrow.
84.B.intermedium Ludwig. — Mnium Ludw.; Bryum Bridel.

Capsule not strangulate; neck us. long often curved; lid acute;
cilia. short-appendieulate. Leaves reflexed narrowly ovate-oblong.
Tufts green 1—2 c. m. high. — On earth prine. below alps.
Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! France: Boulay. Amer.
Can.: Macoun.
85.B.clathratum Amann; Limpricht.

»Capsule not strangulate; neck shorter often curved; lid low
mamillate; cilia long-appendiculate, Leaves oval-oblong strongly
recurved all around. Tufts brown-green about 1 c m. high.
— Wet places in alp, region r. Eur, Switzerl.: Amann»: Limpricht.
86.B.Culmannii Limpricht.

»Capsule strangulate longer than the not curved neck; lid
acute; cilia long-appendiculate. Leaves subovate, the upper
recurved. Tufts bright green 2—4 c. m. high not tomentose.
— In higher alp. region. Eur, Switzerl; Culmann»: Limpricht,

— 867 —

bb. Capsule short thick gen. not distinctly constricted.
87.B.synoico-cespiticium C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Capsule large oval or obovate pendent; neck short; lid low
mamillate; cilia appendiculate; pedicel geniculate below middle,
arcuate at apex, 5—8 c. m. long. Leaves ovate- or ovate-
oblong reflexed; costa long-excurrent, often denticulate above.
Tufts about 1 c. m. high, radiculose only at base. — Gravel
in alps r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun.
88.B.lonchocaulon C. Mueller.

»Leaves small reflexed all around, ovate-lanceolate subdecur-
rent; cells pellucid. Capsule small oval; cilia appendiculate,
pedicel about 3 c. m. long. Stems subjulaceous elongate ra-
diculose, Resembles somewhat B. bimum but more slender.
-— Amer. r. U: S. Colorado»: C. M. in Flora 1875.
89.B.dovrense Schimper.

»Leaves ovate suddenly short-acuminate indistinctly limbate
faintly reflexed. Capsule oval-ovate yellowish; neck short; seg-
ments hyaline adhering to the yellowish teeth; cilia rudimen-
tary; spores scarcely 0,02 m. m. Stem about 2 c. m., pedicel
1 c. m. long. Tufts tomentose green above. — Wet turfy
soil in alps r. Hur. Norway near Kongswold in Dovrefjeld:
Lorentz»: Schimper syn.

90.B.ezspiticiiforme Notaris. , ;
»Leaves subovate reflexed in lower half, limbate in upper

part. Capsule subpiriform small-mouthed; neck not long; lid
low mamillate; teeth brown-yellow; cilia not appendiculate; pe-
dicel 1 c. m. long, stem not longer. Tufts tomentose yello-
wish green. Monoecious. — In higher alp. region r. Eur. Swit-
zerl: Carestia»: Limpricht.
8. Gemmiformia. i
A. Leaves not distinctly reflexed at borders, gen. not lim-

bate.

91.B.subrotundum Bridel.
Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute gen. small; costa

short-excurrent. Capsule pale brown oval or subglobose, with
thick or indistinct neck; teeth yellow; segments long, gaping
or fenestrate; cilia short r. appendiculate; lid small mamillate.
Spores nearly 0,02 m. m. Us. monoecious. — Stony ground
in alps and arctic districts r. Eur. Norway; R. Hartman.
Amer. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen. Can.: Macoun.

*B.turfaceum Kindb. in Botan. notiser 1896.
Leaves larger, sometimes narrowly limbate; costa gen. sub-

— 368 —

percurrent. Capsule larger, brown, moré distinctly necked and
faintly constricted when dry; cilia very short mostly wanting.
Spores smaller. Stem more distinct: Dioecious. — Turfy soil
in higher subalp. region r. Eur. Norway near Kongswold! ^
92.B.gemmuligerum Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves subovate obtusate small; those of shoots broader,
obtuse; costa long-excurrent. Capsule brown oblong or obovate
with short thick neck, distinctly constricted when dry, not
large; teeth yellow; segments long fenestrate; cilia long appen-
diculate; lid large apiculate or mamillate. Spores about 0,01
m. m. ‘Monoecious or dioecious. — Amer. r. Can. Assa: Ma-
coun, ©
93.B.subgemmuligerum Kindb. n. sp.

Leaves subovate short-acuminate acute distinctly limbate
somewhat small; costa short-excurrent. Capsule ‘pale brown
suboblong strangulate not large; neck distinct longish; segments
entire; cilia long and long-appendiculate; lid mamillate not
small; pedicel about 2 c. m. long. Spores gen. 0,02 m. m.
Dioecious. — Sandy ground in subalp. districts r. Eur. Norway
in Foldal near L. Elvedal 18971

B. Leaves distinetly reflexed and limbate. sisi
94.B.microstegium Bryol. eur.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate acute, reflexed ~ ——

often all around, not large; costa long-excurrent, Capsule pale
brown suboblong with long and distinct neck, not large; teeth
pale; segments long fenestrate; cilia long appendiculate; lid
small apiculate. Spores nearly 0,02 m. m. Us. synoecious.
— Dry earth in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway! vere
95.B.submicrostegium Kindb. in Botan. notiser 1896.
Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute gen.

long-acuminate, reflexed all around and distinctly limbate (at | a

least the upper of fruiting stem), not large; costa long-exeur-
rent. Capsule pale brown oval-oblong short-necked gen: small; |
teeth yellowish; segments fenestrate shorter than basal mém-
brane; cilia long appendiculate; lid small mamillate. Spores
about 0,01 m. m. Dioecious or monoecious. — On earth in
higher subalp. region r. Eur. Norway Tronfjeld and near Kong&- — —
wold by Goverlivand! bee
96.B.aeutiuseulum C. Mueller. ! es
»Leaves oblong acuminate; costa short-excurrent. Capsule

oval-piriform with somewhat long curved neck, minute; teeth —

brownish; segments not perforated; cilia long, short-appendicu-

— 369 —

late above; lid small subacute. Dioecious. Habit of B. subro:
tundum. — Rocks in arctic districts r. Amer. Alaska: Krause»:
C. M. in Flora 1887. | MEME. i
II. Pachylophus Kindb. .
l. Argenteiformia.

A. Leaves gen. obtusate; costa (exc. B. nitidulum) not ex- .
current,

a. Leaves sparingly chlorophyllose, silver-glossy, not reflexed,
not r. with hairpoint. Tufts low.
97.B.argenteum L.

Leaves subovate often apiculate; costa subhyaline not or t.
confluent with hairpoint. Capsule oval-oblong strangulate blood-
red or pale red. — Bare earth, stones and roofs. Eur. com-
mon. Sweden ete.! Amer. not r: Can: Macoun. U. S.: Langlois,
com, Cardot.

b. Leaves distinctly chlorophyllose, not reflexed. Capsules
unknown.
98.B.veronense Notaris — Argyrobryum virescens Kindb.
Laubm. S. u. N. u

Leaves broad-ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, reddish at base;
cells rhombic shorter than in B. argenteum; costa yellow abbre- |
viate. Branches subclavate pale green. Tufts sometimes 2—8
c. m. high. — In water on stones and sand r. Eur. Norway!;
Kaurin. Amer. Labrador: Waghorne. his

€. Leaves chlorophyllose, more or less reflexed.
99.B.Blindii Br. eur. — B. Kiszrii Lindb.

Leaves oval-oblong subobtuse: only uppermost (narrowly)
reflexed. Capsule blood-red obovate; cilia sometimes not appen-
diculate. Dioecious. — Wet sand prine. by rivers, r. on rocks,
r. Eur, Norway; F. Kier. France: Boulay. Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun. visis ; -
* B.oblongum Lindberg.

Leaves more obtuse. Capsule sometimes suboblong. — Wet
sand r. Eur. Norway Kaurin. Finl.: Brotherus.
100.B.teres Lindberg. | ;

Leaves broad-ovate obtuse: only uppermost apiculate and
reflexed. Capsule pale brown suboblong; cilia appendieulate;
pedicel about 1 €. m. long. Resembles somewhat B. calophyl-
lum. — "Arctic district r. Eur. Spetsbergen: Berggren.
101.B.bulbifolium Lindberg. |

»Leaves ovate obtuse with deflexed point: only uppermost
reflexed. Capsule brown-red obovate; cilia appendiculate. Stem

— 870 —

nearly indistinct with gemmiform shoots. Synoecious. — Arctic
district r. Eur, Lapland: Norrlin»: Lindberg.
102.B.nitidulum Lindberg. n

Leaves subovate subobtuse, narrowly limbate, recurved all
around; costa sometimes short-excurrent. Capsule obovate pale
. yellow. or. brown. Stem short; shoots subgemmiform with
somewhat loosely disposed leaves. Synoecious or monoecious.
— Northern, princ. arctic districts r. — Eur. Spetsbergen:
Berggren. Norway: Kaurin. Amer. Greenl.; Vanhoeffen.

B. Leaves short-acuminate; costa, at least in uppermost
leaves, excurrent. Capsule not or indistinctly constricted below
mouth. . Th l Ì
103.B.atropurpureum Wahlenberg. j

Leaves. subovate gradually acuminate, reflexed below; upper
shoot-leaves glomerate. Capsule blood-red suboval; teeth yello-
wish or pale red; cilia appendiculate. Tufts small pale green
0,5—1 c. m. high, often with gemmiform propagula... Dioe-
cious. — Sandy earth and stone-walls. Eur. not uncommon.
Sweden, Germany! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

* B.californicum Sullivant.

Leaves faintly. reflexed. Capsule red oblong. »Cilia not
appendiculate»: Lesq. et Jam. — Amer. r. U. S.: Bolender,
com, Cardot.

* B.arenarium Juratzka.

»Leaves shorter, less reflexed; cells shorter. Capsule red-
brown. — Sometiraes inundated places r. Eur. Austria: Juratzka»:
Limpricht.
104.B.Garovaglii Notaris.

»Leaves. subovate short-acuminate, gen. not reflexed; costa

scarcely excurrent.. Capsule chestnut-brown. broad-oval; teeth ——

brown-yellow; cilia appendiculate. Tufts small dusky green, —-
scarcely ] c. m. high. Synoecious. Habit of B. atropurpureum. ——
— Alp. districts r. Eur. Italy: Garovaglio»: Limpricht. E
* B.confertum Limpricht.

»Leaves broader, those of shoots obtuse. Tufts very dense, zl 4
pale green above, 2--2,5 c. m. high. Capsules unknown. — .

Alp. rocks r. Eur. Austria: Breidler»: Limpricht.

105.B.mieroglobum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. eg E
Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate, reflexed below; uppet è

cells short; costa short-excurrent. Upper shoot-leaves glomerate |
ovate obtusate not reflexed. Capsule small pale red subobovate Oo
subglobose; pedicel 3 c. m. long. Tufts green and dense, radi- —

= BEL

culose. below, about 1. c. m. high. — Earth r. Amer. Can.
Ont.: Dearness, com. Macoun.

2. Versicoloriformia.
106.B.versieolor Al. Braun.

Leaves. ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate acute,
reflexed crowded not decurrent. Capsule finally reddish, round-
oval. Stem very short. Tufts scarcely 1 c. m. high. — Wet
sand princ. by rivers r. Eur. Austria: Venturi; Gander. Ger-
many: Progel.
107.B.coronatum Schwegrichen.

Leaves as in the last but looser disposed and not reflexed;
those of shoots decurrent. Capsule yellowish or pale brown,
oval-oblong. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright,
com. C. Mueller).
108.B.exeurrens Lindberg.

Leaves suboyate abruptly acuminate acute more or less reflexed,
crowded and not decurrent. Capsule small pale red oval or
subobovate. ‘Tufts reddish about 1 c. m. high. — Sandy alp.
places r. Eur, Norway in Dovrefjeld!

3. Zonatiformia.

A. Tufts dense and tomentose.
109.B.zonatum Schimper.

Leaves subovate short-acuminate apiculate, neither limbate
nor reflexed, subdecurrent, large and not densely crowded;
costa of the uppermost leaves often short-excurrent. Capsules
and. flowers unknown. Tufts very compact, zonate, brown
below, often high. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld!
110.B.zonatiforme Kindb. in Botan. notiser 1896.

Leaves subcircular obtusate subobtuse, sometimes (narrowly)
limbate, crowded: uppermost apiculate; costa not excurrent.
Habit of the last, but tufts are lower, about 2—3 c. m., and
wholly brown. Capsules and flowers unknown. — Alp. rocks
r. Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld!

111.B.Limprichtii Kaurin. f
Differs from B. zonatum: Leaves broad-ovate obtusate, either

subobtuse or abruptly apiculate, more crowded and less large.
Tufts less tomentose often green, 2 c. m. or higher. )Polyga-
mous. Capsule pale brown suboblong or suboboyate, not con-
stricted; lid small; cilia unknown. — Higher alp. region r. Eur,
Norway in Dovrefjeld 1500 m. a. s.l; Kaurin. .

B. Tufts loosely cohering, not tomentose,

I =

112:B.Gerwigii C. Mueller: — Hypnum. C. M; Bryum Limpr:
Leaves broad-ovate subobtuse, neither liinbate nor reflexed,
not densely crowded, whitish green; sometimes sparingly chlo-
rophyllose. Stems about 3 c. m. high. Capsules) and’ flowers
unknown. — lnundated rocks r. Eur. Switzerland: Gerwig,
com. C. Mueller. | pel i
jy daii IV: Cladodium Schimper, in part.
ot) d5bssD. ; - 1. Erythrodontia.
113.B.Marratii Wilson. (Lc
Leaves oval-oblong blunt not or scarcely reflexed. . Capsule
subglobose; cilia indistinct; pedicel 2—83 c. m. long.. Stem
very short. — Wet places near sea r. Eur. Engl.: Rogers; Per-
cival. . Netherland: Buse. firo
2. Arcticiformia. |
A. Capsule us. abruptly narrowed to the very small mouth.
Leaves not crowded.
li4.B.areticum R. Brown. — Pohlia R. Br.; Bryum Br. eur,
Leaves suboblong, more or less reflexed, broadly red-limbate,
finally rose-red or purplish; costa percurrent or short-excurrent,
finally red. Lower shoot-leaves decurrent. Capsule thick sub-
oval often oblique, brown; teeth and endostome orange; cilia
not appendiculate. Fruiting stems very short, scarcely tufted;
shoots short, radiculose at base. — -Earth in alp. region princ.
in northern districts r. Eur. Norway! Amer. very r. Can.: Ma-
coun.
115.B.flaveseens Kindb. enum. bryin. dovr.; rev. bryol. 1896.
Leaves suboblong scarcely reflexed us. broadly yellow-limbate,
often finally brown-red, sometimes decurrent; costa shortex- -
current yellowish or brown: Capsule thick subobovate oblique.

often curved, finally "brown; teeth and endostome yellowish; | a

cilia often appendieulate. Stems as in the last, more distinetly
tufted. — Alp. rocks r. Eur) Norway near Kongswold! is
116.B.Lindbergii Kaurin.

Agreeing with the last in often appendiculate cilia. Differs

from it in leaves longer, oblong-laneéolate, and green; Stems —— E
higher, densely tufted: Us. monoecious or dioecious. — Moist n

alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway! ^ aus eres
B. Capsule’ not abruptly. narrowed to the less contracted -
mouth.’ Leaves yellowish green and vellowish-limbate, not red: -
Stem: more distinct, radieulose in lower half. ib WC":
à. Capsule yellowish; teeth orange; cilia not appendieulate. —
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, broadly limbate. Us. synoeeious. —

— 078 —

117.B.areuatulum (Limpricht) Kindb. (new name) -- B. ar-
cuatum Limpr., non Hooker et Wilson. : lua dAnala 599)
Leaves distant scarcely reflexed, decurrent; costa.often long-
excurrent. Capsule subclavate often oblique: and, curved; endo-
stome yellow. Stems not. or. loosely tufted. --- Moist. alp.
rocks r. Eur, Norway!; Kaurin. m
118.B.eallistomum Philibert. Š | |
Differs from. the last in capsule thicker, subobovate, neither
oblique. nor curved, pale yellow; endostome orange. — Alp.
rocks r; Eur. Norway! sab pod |
119.B.Kindbergii Philibert. — B. schisticola: Kindb. mser. > i
. Leaves crowded, often reflexed below middle, not decurrent,
pale-yellowish limbate;..costa gen. long excurrent. . Capsule. not
(or indistinctly) oblique. nor eurved, thick and subobovate, faintly
constricted below. the not red mouth; endostome yellow; lid
mamillate. Shoot-leaves not. distinctly limbate. Spores -scarcely
0,08 m. m. Tufts dense. — Rocks of micaschiste in alps. r.
Eur. Norway, higher subalp.. region near Kongsvold, 900. mtr.
a. &l; growing together with Myurella tenerrima. . »Switzerl.»:
Philibert. i EET | tib
* B.helveticum Philibert. tsnib
»Leaves narrower, subdecurrent and: reddish; :. Capsule sub-
oblique. — Eur. r. Switzerl.»: Philibert. T TT
b. Capsule. brown; teeth and endostome, yellowish; cilia
often appendiculate. Leaves suboblong indistinctly or somewhat
narrowly limbate, |Monoecious. | a
120.B.stenocarpum Limpricht. st i
Leaves. not crowded, reflexed, sometimes decurrent; costa
somewhat longly excurrent, Capsule narrowly obovate, scarcely
oblique or curved. Spores large. . Habit of B. Sauteri. Tufts
low brown-green, — Alps r. Eur. Norway! ) ad
3. Cernuiformia. : d
A. Leaves gen. somewhat twisted when dry. Tufts, green or
brownish, us. loose. Cilia, of endostome not appendiculate.
Male flowers gemmiform. Spores large. xefios yligint
121.B.cernuum Swartz. — Didymodon Sw.; Bryum Lindb.;
B. uliginosum Br. eur. soiden ys !
_ Leaves not decurrent, oblong-lanceolate long-acuminate, reflexed
below, broadly yellowish-limbate us. serrulate near apex; costa

percurrent or short-excurrent, Capsule subobovate or. clavate,

oblique and curved, pale or finally: reddish. brown; teeth brown-
yellow; lid subconic mamillate;, pedicel long. Tufts, olive-green

— 874 —

or brown, radiculose at base, 1—2 c. m. high. Monoecious.
— Wet places princ. below alps. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden!;
S. J. Lindgren. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

122.B.caleareum Venturi.

Leaves decurrent, oblong-lanceolate or sublingulate, long-acu-
minate, scarcely reflexed, narrowly limbate; costa short-excur-
rent. Capsule subclavate r. curved, brown; teeth yellowish;
lid subeonie obtuse; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts green, ra-
diculose at base, about 1 c. m. high. Monoecious. — Calcareous
caverns in alp. region r. Eur. Austria 2100 metr. a. s.: Venturi.
123.B.luridum Ruthe. l

"Leaves not decurrent, oval-oblong long-acuminate, reflexed
all around, broadly brown-limbate, brown at apex; costa long-
excurrent. Capsule us. thick, suboval or round-oval, not oblique
and scarcely curved, pale brown; teeth yellow; lid convex or
subconic, obtuse or mamillate; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts
low and greenish, radiculose. Synoecious. — On earth below
alps r. Eur. Germany: Ruthe, com. Warnstorf.

B. Leaves not twisted, yellowish or finally red. Tufts dense.
Cilia appendiculate. Spores sometimes not large. Male flowers
disciform.
124.B.meeseoides Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Leaves not decurrent, ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate,
not distinctly reflexed, faintly denticulate, brown-limbate; costa
abbreviate or subpercurrent. Capsule shorter than neck, narrowly
piriform or subclavate, us., princ. unripe, arcuate (Meesea-like);
teeth pale yellow; basal endostomial membrane nearly indistinct;
lid mamillate; pedicel long. Stem often longish. Dioecious. -—
Wet rocks r. Amer, Can.: Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

4. Purpurascentiformia.

A. Stems not or loosely tufted. Leaves gen. narrowly lim- - j

bate. :

a. Spores gen. not large, about 0,02 m. m. Capsule gen.
narrow; cilia not appéndiculate; pedicel long. Leaves decurrent,
faintly reflexed us. rose-red; costa gen. subpercurrent. Stems

gen. very short and scarcely or not cohering; shoots long loosely - x

foliate. Us. synoecious. i

125.B.purpurascens R. Brown. — Pohlia R. Br; Bryum, |

Br. eur.

Leaves short-decurrent suboblong or oblong-lanceolate, more -

or less limbate. Capsule suboblong pale yellow or finally pale
brown; teeth yellow; lid large deplanate, mamillate or subapi-

— 875 —

culate. — Sandy places by rivers and rivulets in northern alps

oy, Eur. Norway; Sweden: Arnell. Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. Greenl.:

Berggren. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can: J. and J. M. Macoun;
Breutel. l
* B.opdalense Limpricht.

Leaves shorter, more distinctly limbate.. Capsule with shor-
ter neck. — Eur. Norway!; Kaurin. i À
* B.autumnale Limpricht. — »Webera hermaphrodita Ren. et
Card.»: Waghorne.

Leaves suboval, longer decurrent. Shoots shorter, yellowish
green. Capsule somewhat longer necked; teeth brown-yellow;
lid apiculate. — R. Eur. Norway; Kaurin: Amer. Can.: Wag-
horne.
126.B.subpurpurascens Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves long-decurrent oblong-lanceolate reddish limbate rose-
red; costa scarcely excurrent. Capsule very narrow, distinctly
strangulate, curved when unripe; teeth orange; lid large conie
obtuse. Spores smaller than in the last; fruiting stem more
distinct. Dioecious. — Wet earth r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. by
a railway: Macoun. ;

b. Spores gen. very large. Capsule gen. thick; teeth orange,
incurved when dry; pedicel us. very long and thick. Leaves
gen. not decurrent, more or less reflexed. Cilia gen. not ap-
pendieulate (»in Californian specimens sometimes long-appendi-
culate»: Lesq. et Jam.). Stems and shoots short. . |
127.B.warneum Blandow. — B. oelandicum Philibert.

Leaves not crowded, gen. narrow-limbate and faintly reflexed,
sometimes short-decurrent, suboval, sometimes denticulate above,
often finally rose-red; costa percurrent or short-excurrent. Cap-
sule large oval-globose reddish yellow or finally reddish brown;
lid convex mamillate. Spores often about 0,05 m. m. Some-
times synoecious. The ;flagelliform shoots», delineated in Br.
eur, not are essential. — Wet sand, princ. near sea, r. In
alps, r. Eur. Sweden! Germany: Warnstorf. France: Boulay.
Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et J. : ;
128.B.Biddlecomiæ Austin. — B. Edwardsianum C. M. et
Kindb. l. c.
—Differs from the last in leaves narrower, longer acuminate,
entire, more distinetly limbate and reflexed; costa long-excur-
rent. Capsule narrower, less iuflated, more strangnlate; lid
lower. — Damp sandy soil r. Amer. Can., Prince Edw. isl:

Macoun. »U. S, Colorado»: Lq. et J.

— 876 —

129.B.mamillatum Lindberg.

. Upper leaves glomerate not decurrent, broadly. limbate, re-
flexed ovate-lanceolate entire green; costa short-excurrent. Cap-
sule thick subovate brown-yellow; lid deplanate mamillate; pe-
dicel long. Spores less large than in B. warneum: — On shores
of Baltic sea r. Eur. Sweden: Fektixetedts

130.B.serotinum Lindberg.

. Differs from the last in leaves narrow:limbate, cells narrower;
capsule longer necked, pedicel less long; stems more distinct,
less loosely tufted.— Wet sand r. Eur. Sweden: H. W. Arnell.
B. Tufts dense. Leaves gen. broadly limbate.

as Fruiting stem distinct with somewhat long loosely foliate
shoots. Capsule gen. narrow.
131.B.Brownii Bryol. eur.

Leaves green not crowded, subdecurrent and narrowed at
the. orange-colored base, reflexed below, ovate-oblong or narro-
wer; costa yellowish often long-exeurrent.. Stem-leaves broadly
limbate; shoot-leaves less distinctly limbate with short-excurrent
costa. Capsule pale finally brown-yellow; cilia not appendicu-
late; lid apiculate; pedicel often long. Stem and shoots radicu-
lose in lower half. Us. monoecious. — Wet rocks and swamps
in alp. northern regions r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Greenl : Berg-
gren.
132.B.erubescens Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Stem-leaves red-brown crowded not decurrent, broadly reddish
or brownish limbate, scarcely reflexed, ovate-oblong; costa red:
brown somewhat. long-excurrent: Shoot-leaves narrower limbate,
sometimes short-decurrent. Capsule finally pale brown, distinctly
strangulate; cilia appendiculate; lid mamillate; pedicel not long.
Spores large. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Amer. Can, Rocky mts:
Macoun. i

b... Fruiting stem: very short with short shoots, Us. synoe-
cious.

133. B.Lindgrenii Schimper. — »B. purpurascens»: Lindgren
musci suec. exsicc.

Leaves crowded not decurrent, often reflexed, ov -ate-oblong

short-acuminate, often denticulate above; costa subpercurrent. =

Capsule suboblong not large, pale brown; teeth brown-yellow; | |

cilia. not. appendiculate; lid deplanate mamillate; pedicel some- f

what. long. Tufts small yellowish green or pale red. — EM
the shore of a lake (Wenern) r. Hur. Sweden near Like rv
S. J. Lindgren. |

— 377 —

134.B.mieans Limpricht.

Leaves not crowded, subdecurrent, reflexed at base, oval-
oblong or sublanceolate; costa, only of uppermost leaves, short-
excurrent. Capsule somewhat small, thick suboval brownish;
teeth orange, incurved when dry; cilia not appendiculate; lid
subconvex mamillate; pedicel not long. Tufts brown-green. —
Turfy soil in northern alps r. Eur. Norway!; Kaurin. Amer.
Greenl.: Berggren.

*B.inflatum Philibert.

»Leaves more decurrent; costa longer excurrent. Capsule
thicker. — Northern alps r. Zur. Norway»: Kaurin.
135.B.pyenodermum Limpricht.

Leaves not crowded, subdecurrent, reflexed at base, oblong-
lanceolate long-acuminate; costa of uppermost leaves long-ex-
eurrent. Capsule suboblong dark brown, finally blackish; teeth
brown-yellow; cilia appendiculate; lid deplanate mamillate; pe-
dicel often long. Habit of B. cirratum. — Wet sand by water
in northern alps r. Eur. Norway!; Kaurin.

5. Calophylloidea.
136.B.calophyllum R. Brown.

Leaves broad-ovate obtusate (obtuse or acute), often sublim-
bate, not reflexed, sometimes decurrent; cells large; costa not
excurrent. Capsule suboval; cilia sometimes appendiculate; pe-
dicel us. long, often 3 c. m. or more. — Swamps princ. in
alps r. Eur. Norway! Engl: Rogers. Spetsbergen: Berggren.
Amer. Greenl: Vanhoeffen.
137.B.acutum Lindberg.

Leaves ovate-oblong acute more or less acuminate, often nar-
rowly limbate and reflexed below, not decurrent; cells smaller
than in the last; costa often short-excurrent. Capsule us. sub-
oblong and long-pedicellate; cilia smooth. Stem not high. —
Sandy borders of rivers r. Hur. Finland: Brotherus. (Asia,
Sibiria: Arnell).

* B.Axel-Blyttii Kaurin. ues

Capsule subobovate shorter-pedicellate. — Sand by rivers in
alps r. Eur. Norway!; Kaurin.

6. Penduliformia. i

A. Leaves gen. not distinctly (or very narrowly) limbate;
costa gen. not excurrent. Us. synoecious.

a. Spores large, about 0,04 m. m. sides
138.B.brachyneuron Kindb. Ottawa Naturalist V.

Leaves small broad-ovate short-acuminate reflexed narrowly
25

— 378 —

limbate, nearly crowded, sometimes short-decurrent: comal glo-
merate; upper cells subrhombic; costa often abbreviate. Cap-
sule thick round-oval or subobovate, somewhat long-necked and
constricted below mouth, reddish brown; teeth broader than in
B. pendulum; segments also orange, adhering; pedicel about 1
c. m. long, scarcely emerging above tufts. Fruiting stem di-
stinct and tomentose; shoots short. — Arctic district r. Amer.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

b. Spores somewhat small, about 0,02 m. m. Leaves not
decurrent.
139.B.laeustre Blandow. — »B. Barnesi Wood»: Limpricht.

Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute not or indistinctly
limbate, broadly recurved nearly all around, entire; costa gen.
subpercurrent. Capsule small suboval short-necked; lid small;
teeth pale yellow; pedicellong. Stems very short, loosely tufted;
shoots filiform. — Wet sand often near lakes, princ. below alps.
Eur. not r. Norway! Finland: Lindberg. Germany: Warnstorf.
England: Rogers. T
140.B.Knowltoni Barnes bot. gazette 1889.

»Leaves ovate to obovate-lanceolate short-acuminate, us. in-
distinctly limbate, slightly revolute or plane, entire or nearly
80; costa not or shortly excurrent. Capsule oblong-piriform;
cilia rudimentary; lid small; pedicel about 1 c. m. long. Tufts
dense and tomentose, 1—2 c. m. high. Spores about 0,025
m. m. —- Crevices in rocks r. Amer. nn) N. Foundl.»: Barnes.
141.B.flexuosum Austin.

Differs from B. lacustre in leaves E red not reflexed; cap-
sule narrower; lid large; tufts dense less low. Dioecious. —
Gravelly ground near water r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.

B. Leaves broadly limbate, loosely disposed and decurrent 2
(at least the lower). Us. monoecious. E
142.B.Moéi Schimper.

»Leaves very narrow, ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate entire:
upper reflexed; apical cells suboblong; costa long-excurrent.

Capsule thick suboval not constricted; lid small flat mamillate; d

teeth orange. Tufts sparingly radiculose, 2 e. m..high. =a

Northern alps r. Hur. Norway: N. G. Moé»: e and : v

Limpricht.
143.B.paludieola Schimper.
»Lower leaves small, subovate short-acuminate acute, ibosi?

disposed: upper somewhat large, crowded, gen. broad: Maka

flexed all around, yellow-limbate; costa short-excurrent. Cap-

— 879 —

sule subpiriform dark fuscous; lid mamillate somewhat large;
teeth yellow, orange below; pedicel 3 c. m. long. Tufts dense
2—3 c. m. high. Spores about 0,03 m. m. Sometimes syn-
oecious. — Swamps in alps r. Eur. Norway near Kongswold:
Lorentz»; Schimp. and Limpricht.

C. Leaves gen. narrowly limbate not decurrent us. crowded;
costa excurrent. Us. synoecious.

a. Leaves not (or only at base) reflexed. Fruiting stem
nearly indistinct. with very short shoots. Capsule thick, smaller
than. in .B. pendulum. Spores large. Comal shoot-leaves gen.
not glomerate.
144.B.archangelicum Bryol. eur. — »B. Holmgrenii Lindb.»:
Kaurin.

Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate; apical cells subrhombic;
costa long-excurrent. Capsule subobovate; peristome pale yel-
low; segments free; lid flat mamillate; pedicel short. — Bare
earth in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway!; Kaurin. Sweden: E.
Adlerz. Russian Lapland: Aongstrem. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
145.B.planifolium Kindb. Laubm. Schw. u. Norw.

Leaves broad-ovate short-acuminate; middle cells rhomboidal,
apical scarcely narrower; costa not long-excurrent. Capsule sub-
piriform; peristome orange; segments adhering; lid apiculate not
deplanate; pedicel not long. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway,
Dovrefjeld!

b. Leaves reflexed, us. all around.

aa. Peristomial teeth pale; segments yellow. Capsule sub-
globose very small. : Spores somewhat small, about 0,02 m. m.
146.B.globosum Lindberg.

Leaves oval acuminate acute, reflexed to above middle, entire;
costa of uppermost leaves short-excurrent to a deflexed point.
Capsule pale reddish-yellow; lid small; pedicel short. | Stems
very short; tufts dense about 0,5 c. m. high. — Arctic district r.
Eur. »Spetsbergen»:. Lindberg. (Asia, Sibiria: Sahlberg, com.
Brotherus.) A

bb. Peristomial teeth brown-yellow; segments yellow. Cap-
sule suboval.. Spores about 0,03 m. m.
147.B.Grefii Schliephacke. ali | pedin

Upper leaves ‘gen. ovate-oblong, reflexed all around, entire;
costa more or less excurrent. Capsule brownish not constricted;
lid small; pedicel about 1,5 c. m. long. Stem very ghort with
short shoots. "Tufts about 0,8 c. m. high or lower, sometimes
loose. — Schistose rocks in alps r. Eur. Norway: Hagen.

— 380 —

148.B.Lorentzii Schimper.

Differs from the last: »Upper leaves longer acuminate. Cap-
sule constricted below mouth, longer necked; pedicel about 3
c. m. long. Stem with longer shoots, their leaves decurrent.
— Turfy soil near Atlantic sea r. Hur. Norway»: Jörgensen
in Christiania Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1894.
149.B.Kaurinianum Warnstorf.

Differs from B. Grefii: Upper leaves with long-excurrent costa.
Pedicel of capsule 4—5 c. m. long. — Schistose rocks in alps r.
Eur. »Norway near Kongswold in Vaarstien»: Kaurin; Sweden
in Lapland near Virijaur: Miss A. Cleve, com. E. Nyman.

ce. Peristome gen. orange. Capsule sometimes narrow. Spores
gen. large. Fruiting stem us. distinct.

150.B.pendulum Hornschuch. — Ptychostomum Hsch.; Bryum

Schimper.

Leaves ovate-oblong narrowly acuminate, reflexed all around:
comal (also on shoots) glomerate; apical cells narrow; costa
often long-excurrent. Capsule thick suboval; neck short; seg-
ments often not well-evolute; lid us. apiculate; pedicel gen. not
long. Fruiting stem tomentose in lower half; shoots short. —
Earth and rocks also in alps. Hur. not uncommon. Sweden,
Norway, Germany, Switzerl.! France: Renauld: Amer. Greenl.:
Berggren. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne.
151.B.compactum Hornschuch.

Differs from the last in leaves narrower and longer acumi-
nate; capsule narrow subclavate; segments not adhering. | Us.
monoecious. — Alps r. Eur. »Germany»; Limpricht. Amer.
Greenl: Vanhoeffen.
152.B.Roellii Philibert.

Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, longer acuminate than in B.

pendulum, reflexed nearly all around, not distinctly limbate in B

upper part; upper and middle cells narrow; costa sometimes
short-excurrent. Capsule narrow suboblong, sometimes scarcely.

longer than neck; lid apiculate; pedicel somewhat long. Frul-

ting stem nearly indistinct with gemmiform shoots, Spores
smaller than in B. pendulum. — Amer. r. U: 8: Roell, com.
Brotherus. Can, Cypress hills: Macoun 1894.
153.B.angustirete Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVI.

Differs from B. pendulum: Stem-leaves more distinctly limbate rc
and strongly recurved. Capsule narrowly oblong; lid not api- -
culate; pedicel long; spores smaller. Shoots Mr; not thicker;

:
.

— 881 —

above; their leaves longer acuminate with narrower cells. —
Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
154.B.alaskanum Kindb. n. sp. -

Leaves broad-ovate apiculate or very short-acuminate, reflexed
all around; cells wide, the upper subrhombie; costa short-ex-
current. Capsule short but not thick, subclavate-piriform; lid
convex mamillate; pedicel not long. Fruiting stem tomentose
with shorter and longer shoots. Uppermost leaves of stem and
shorter shoots glomerate; those of longer shoots not glomerate.
— Arctie district r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun.

D. Leaves gen. broadly limbate and not (or only on shoots)
decurrent, us. crowded; costa excurrent. Us. synoecious.

a. Spores very large, about 0,04—0,05 m. m.
155.B.longisetum Blandow.

Leaves ovate-oblong acuminate, not reflexed above, smaller
than in B. inclinatum: the uppermost not distinctly glomerate;
upper cells narrow; costa short-excurrent. Capsule thick sub-
oval short-necked; lid convex apiculate; teeth yellow; pedicel
us. 5—10 c. m. long. Stems very short or nearly indistinct,
not densely cohering; shoots short. — Swamps and turf-moors
also below alps r. Eur. Norway! Germany: Holler, com.
Warnstorf.

* B.labradorense Philibert.

Leaves somewhat shorter and broader; costa longer excurrent.
Capsule. shorter; pedicel gen. about 3 c. m. long. — Alp.
swamps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. »Can.»: Philibert.
156.B.murmanicum Brotherus.

Leaves ovate acuminate, reflexed all around: the uppermost
glomerate; upper cells suboblong; costa short-excurrent to an
often deflexed point. Capsule broad-oval somewhat long-necked;
lid flat apiculate; teeth pale; pedicel 3 c. m. long. Stem about
1 c. m. high. Tufts dense blackish about 2,5 e. m. high;
shoots glossy green. — Wet sand by rivers r. Eur. Russian
Lapland: Brotherus.

b. Spores less large, about 0,08 m. m. or smaller. Upper

leaves reflexed all around. :
aa. Upper leaves obtusate or short-acuminate. Capsule sub-
globose scarcely longer than neck.

157.B.salinum Hagen.
Upper leaves ovate-oblong acute; costa somewhat long-excur-

rent (in lower leaves not exeurrent) Capsule pale brown not
eonstricted below mouth; lid small apiculate or rostellate; teeth

— 882 —

orange; pedicel about 1 c. m. long. Tufts dense greenish ‘about
1,5 c. m. high. — On shores of Atlantic sea r. Eur. Norway:
I. Hagen.

bb. Upper leaves us. long-acuminate. Capsule gen. sub-
oblong, longer than neck. i
158.B.inclinatum Swartz. — Pohlia Sw.; Bryum Br. eur.

Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, the uppermost (also on shoots)
us. glomerate; upper cells narrow; costa sometimes not long-
excurrent. Capsule gen. suboblong; lid short-conic; pedicel about
3—4 c. m. long. Stem very short with short shoots, — On
earth also in alps. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Norway!
Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. Alaska’
J. M. Macoun: ;
159.B.lapponicum Kaurin.

Differs from the last: Leaves broader, subovate not long-acu-
minate; pedicel of capsule 5—6 c. m. long; lid mamillate; stem
distinct; tufts more dense, about 2 c. m. high; spores some-
what larger. — Eur. Norway near Tromsoe: Kaurin, com. N
Bryhn. :

* B.subinelinatum Kindb. n. subsp.

Spores smaller about 0,02 m. m. Endostome adhering to
teeth; lid apiculate. Tufts very dense and tomentose. — Ame.
Can. northern Labrador: Macoun 1896. |
160.B.Hagenii Limpricht.

Differs from . B. inclinatum: Leaves longer, often denticulate
above; the lower on shoots (barren stems) short-decurrent. Lid
of capsule low; spores larger. Tufts higher. — Rocks r. Eur.
Norway: I. Hagen.

* B.eurvatum Kaurin et Arnell.

Capsule and its neck sometimes curved or oblique. — Eur.r. — —
Norway: Arnell. Hpi
161.B.Froudei Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist V. «|

Leaves ovate-lanceolate, twisted when dry: the uppermost not — —
glomerate; upper cells very long and narrow; costa long-excur-
rent. Capsule oblong-obovate; lid flat mamillate or subapicu- — —
late; pedicel about 8 c. m., not much longer than tufts. Spores ——
scarcely 0,03 m. m. Stem distinct and tomentose with longish —
shoots. — Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun: Can.: J. Macoun. © —

7. Rutilantiformia. ludis
162.B.rutilans Bridel. — B. oeneum Blytt. phe.

Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate, broadly limbate «nd
reflexed, gen. entire, twisted when dry, finally copper-red; costa.

— 383 —

short-excurrent. Capsule brown. Stem us. high, often with
filiform propagula. Tufts dense tomentose, often zonate when
dry. Us. dioecious, r. fruiting. — Wet rocks in northern alps r.
Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld'; R. Hartman. Amer. Greenl.:
Berggren.

163.B.eampylocarpum Limpricht. — »B. angustifolium Kaurin»
(not Bridel) ?

Differs from the last: Leaves denticulate above, not or indi-
stinctly reflexed, less twisted when dry; costa subpercurrent.
Capsule sometimes shorter necked; lid more deplanate. Stem
lower, less radiculose. Monoecious. — Wet rocks by rivulets
in northern alps r. Eur. Norway!

V. Webera Hedwig; Schimper.
1. Crudiformia.

A. Leaves serrate not reflexed us. crowded; costa not per-
current. Capsule subclavate; cilia us. long.

a. Leaves short opal-glossy. Capsule gen. cernuous.
164.B.erudum L. — Mnium L.; Bryum Hudson.

Leaves suboblong short-acuminate: comal and perichetial longer
acuminate. Capsule not constricted. Perigonial leaves patent.
Tufts us. loose. Synoecious or paroecious but often also with
discoid male flowers. — Earth and rocks common. Eur. Swe-
den, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M.
Macoun.

b. Leaves long not opal-glossy. Capsule gen. suberect.
165.B.niteseens Kindb. in botan. notiser 1896. — Bryum
(Webera) nitens Kindb. Laubm. S. u. N.; non Hooker.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate acuminate: perichetial long. Capsule
not constricted; cilia long. Perigonial leaves erect. Tufts dense
tomentose silky or golden glossy. Dioecious with gemmiform
male flowers, r. synoecious. — Alpine and arctic districts r.
Eur. Norway in Dovrefjeld! Sweden: A. Grape. Amer. Greenl.:
Vanhoeffen. Can. northern Labrador: Macoun.
166.B.longicollum Swartz — Webera Hedwig.

"Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate: perichetial
shorter than uppermost stem-leaves. Capsule faintly constricted,
narrower than in the last; cilia sometimes short. Tufts spa-
ringly radiculose silky or golden glossy. Paroecious without
special male flowers. — Schistose and siliceous alp. rocks r.
Eur. Norway! Switzerl: Schimper. Austria: Venturi. Amer.

»Cascade mts»: Lesq. et J.

— 984 —

167.B.Bolenderi Lesquereux.
Differs from the last: Leaves loosely disposed more patent.
Capsule thicker more inclined. Tufts looser. Paroecious or

dioecious. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.
168.B.longibraeteatum Brotherus. — Pohlia Broth.; Bryum
Kindb.

Leaves linear-lanceolate short-acuminate distant long-decurrent.
Male flowers discoid; perigonial leaves long linear-lanceolate.
Tufts loose glaucous green. Capsules unknown. Dioecious, —
Amer. r.. U. S. Oregon: Roell.

.B. Upper leaves faintly serrate reflexed nearly all around;
costa subpercurrent or short-excurrent. Capsule suboblong;
cilia rudimentary.
169.B.erassidens Lindberg. — Pohlia Lindb.; Bryum Kindb.

Lower leaves small ovate apiculate not reflexed, distant,
finally red; upper sublinear-lanceolate acuminate green silky
glossy. Capsule often suberect. Tufts often dense. Male plants
less radiculose; leaves gradually larger upwards; flowers discoid.
Dioecious. — Alp. rocks.r. Eur. Norway: N. Bryhn. Sweden:
E. Nyman,

2. Nutantiformia.

A. Sterile stems us. with bud-like propagula. Leaves loosely
disposed, only the uppermost glomerate; cells somewhat dilated.
Dioecious r. fruiting. Stems not or loosely tufted.
170.B.annotinum Hedwig. — Webera Bruch.

Capsule suboblong red-yellow; teeth yellow; pedicel pale red.
Uppermost leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate or sublinear-subulate,
sometimes decurrent; lower subovate-oblong not decurrent, not
appressed when dry. Bulbilli us. red. — Sandy or clayey soil.
Eur. not common. Sweden, Norway! Amer. r. Greenl: Berg-
gren. Can.: Macoun.
17i.B.proligerum Lindberg. — Pohlia Lindb.; Bryum Kindb.

Capsule broad-oval dark brown-red; teeth brown-yellow; pe- |
dicel purplish. Leaves broader than in the last, more erect
when dry. Bulbilli us. greenish, — Sand. or clay. Eur.
probably not r. Switzerl., Sweden! Norway!; S. O. Lindberg and
E. Nyman. |

B. Stem without bulbilli. Leaves crowded, at least the
upper of fertile stems; cells narrow. Tufts us. dense.

a, Upper leaves serrate, Us, paroecious. Capsule with
apiculate lid, kn ah Me

-—— 885 —

172.B.nutaus Schreber. — Webera Hedwig.

Leaves . ovate-lanceolate acuminate acute: upper narrower,
faintly reflexed; costa r. subexcurrent. Capsule oval-oblong us.
brown-red sometimes. bicolored; cilia r. appendiculate. — Earth,
rocks and swamps common. Eur. Sweden ete.! Amer. Can.:
Maeoun; Waghorne. U. S: Roell.

* B.euspidulatum Kindb. n. subsp

Perichetial leaves long-subulate gen. not reflexed; costa gen.
long-excurrent. Stem very short. Dioecious. — Alps r. Eur.
Norway!

* B.eanalieulatum C. M. et Kindb. — Webera cat. Can. m.

Perichetial leaves with thicker, canaliculate sometimes excur-
rent costa. Cilia long-appendiculate. Lowest leaves short-de-
current. Spores larger. — Wet earth r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl:
Macoun.

* B.camptotrachelum Renauld et Cardot.

. Leaves erect but much longer than in B. annotinum; periche-
tial gen. with excurrent costa. Capsule sometimes with cur-
ved neck. Stem very short. Divecious. — Amer. r. »U. S.»:
Cardot.

* B.Macounii Kindb. n. subsp.

All leaves, also on sterile stems and shoots, distinctly ser-
rate, not glossy, finally red, densely crowded, appressed when
dry. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Vane. isl.: J. Macoun.

^b. Leaves nearly entire. Dioecious or polygamous with sub-
discoid male flowers. Capsule with mamillate lid.
173.B.Schimperi C. Mueller.

Capsule brownish narrow; teeth pale. Leaves reflexed. Tufts
often high and purplish. — Alp. swamps r. Eur. Scotl.: herb.
Milde. Amer. Can. northern Labrador: Macoun. »Greenl.»:
Berggren. :
174.B.Sphazni »Bridel»: C. Mueller. — B. sphagnicola Br. eur.

Capsule pale brown; teeth yellowish; pedicel yellowish often
very long. Leaves not reflexed, gen. distant. Stems r. tufted,
— Turf-moors r.. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Germany: Geheeb.
Amer. Can: Macoun.

3. Pulchelliformia.

A. Capsule strangulate; teeth brown-red; annulus none.
Leaves crowded; cells wide, the upper subrhombic.
175.B.earneum L. — Webera Schimper; Mniobryum Limpricht.
Leaves. broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong short-acumi-

nate not decurrent; costa red not percurrent. Capsule broad oval

— 886 —

red-yellow or finally brown-red. Tufts green. — On earth. Eur.
not common. Switzeil! Sweden: M. Huss. France; Le Tou
Amer. r. Can.: Macoun.

B. Capsule not strangulate; teeth yellow; annulus us. pre-
sent. Leaves more or less distant; cells narrow or not much
dilated. j

a. Shoot-leaves and lower leaves of fruiting stem distant
narrowly long-decurrent. Leaves finally red. Tufts dense.

176.B.columbieum Kindb. — Webera cat. Can. m.

Leaves sublinear-lanceolate long-acuminate serrate reflexed;
cells narrow; costa red subpercurrent. Capsule red or red- yellow :
broad-oval or subglobose; annulus broad; cilia in pairs. —
Moist banks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.

b. Leaves not distinctly decurrent us. green. Tufts us. loose.

aa. Capsule more or less distinctly annulate.
171.B.pulehellum Hedwig. —- Webera Schimper, in part.

Capsule subglobose or oval red-yellow or finally brown-red;
neck shortish. Leaves ovyate-lanceolate acuminate: upper denti-
culate faintly reflexed; cells narrow; costa green not excurrent.
— Earth in northern distr. Eur. Norway!; E. Nyman. Finl.:
Brotherus.. Sweden not r.: P. Olsson. Amer. r. Can,: Macoun.
178.B.lutescens Limpricht. — Webera Limpr.; Bryum Kindb.

Differs from the last: Capsule suboval paler; neck us. longish.
Leaves more distinctly serrate and distant; costa red, in comal
leaves sometimes excurrent. Tufts less loose. — Earth also in
alps r. Eur. Norway!
179.B.Lescurii Sullivant ic. musc. — Webera Lesq. et Jam.

Differs from B. pulchellum: Annulus broader, wholly revoluble.
Leaves longer: lower less distant, upper more subulate not
reflexed; cells wider. — Wet clay soil r. Amer. Can. Macoun. -
U. 8: Sullivant and Austin, com. Mrs Britton.

bb. Capsule not annulate.

180.B.Drummondii C. Mueller. — Mniobryum vexans Limpr. |
- Capsule sometimes larger than in B. pulchellum. Differs —
also from it: Leaves erect distinctly reflexed and serrate; cells —
wider; costa finally red below. — Earth also in alps r. Hur. -
»Germany»: Limpricht. Amer. Can: Drummond n. 261, es
Macoun,

4. Cucullatiformia. |
A. Leaves very distant, us. “broadly utres calls
gen. very wide. :

= OGY re

181.B.Ludwigii Sprengel. — Webera Breidleri Juratzka. -

u Leaves gen. ovate or suboblong obtusate, us. entire and large.
Capsule suboval. Tufts loose finally red. Dioecious. — Wet
siliceous ground princ. in alps. Eur. less r. Norway! Austria:
Breidler. Amer. r. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun. U. S.i Henderson,
com. Cardot.

* B.grande Kindb. n. subsp. — Webera Ludwigii var. latifolia
Schimp. t39

Leaves still larger and broader, round-ovate gen. quite entire
and green, less distinctly decurrent; cells rhombic wider. Stem
very high. Capsules unknown. — Alp. region r. Eur. Norway!
182.B.Bigelowii Sullivant. — Webera Ludwigii var. micro-
phylla Kindb. cat. Canad. m.

Differs from W. Ludwigii: Leaves small; cells narrower; costa
shorter. — Wet alp. rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col: Macoun.

B. Leaves crowded or not much distant, not or shortly de-
current; cells rhomboidal not much wide.

a. Paroecious. Leaves obtusate gen. obtuse, at least the
lower and the perichetial. wee
183.B.eueullatum Schwegrichen. — Webera Schimper.

Leaves oval-ovate not decurrent. Capsule oval-oblong yellowish
brown; lid mamillate; cilia smooth; endostomial membrane
very low. Tufts dense. — Moist alp. places. Eur. less r. Nor-
wayl; E. Nyman. Austria: Breidler. Amer. r. Greenl.: Berggren.
Can.: Gremann, com. Cardot. U. S.: Henderson, com. Cardot.
184.B.cucullatiforme Kindb. n. sp.

Differs from the last: Leaves subdecurrent smaller, appressed
when dry: upper gen. acute. Capsule smaller and more con-
stricted; cilia sometimes appendiculate. — Arctic distr. r. Amer.
Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Ag

b. Dioecious, Leaves acute, at least the perichetial. ^

aa. Leaves crowded not decurrent. Endostomial membrane
very low; cilia short rudimentary; lid mamillate. —
185.B.polymorphoides Kindb. — Webera cat. Canad. m. -

Leaves ovate-oblong acute or subobtuse; costa not excurrent,
in the longer and ‘narrower perichetial sometimes excurrent.
Capsule oblong yellowish brown; teeth pale; pedicel about 2
c. m. long. Tufts dense 4— 5 c. m. high rufescent below. —
Higher alp. region r: Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 2250 metr. a. sea:
J. M. Macoun.

bb. Leaves more or less distant and decurrent. Endosto-
mial membrane elevate; cilia long; lid conic,

— 888 —

186.B.commutatum Schimper. — Webera Sch.; Bryum Boulay;

-Leaves oval-ovate or suboblong us. short-acuminate and erect
when dry. Perichetial leaves oblong-lanceolate more distinctly -
denticulate. Capsule suboval dark or blackish brown. — On
earth in alps. Eur. not uncommon. Norway! Finl.: Brotherus:
France: Husnot. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. Can.: Macoun.

* B.mierodontium Kindb. — Webera microdenticulata C. M.
et Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves more glossy, patent when dry: perichetial somewhat
longer. Tufts looser. — Higher alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit.
Col. 2100 metr. a. sea: Macoun.

* B.gracile Schleicher. — Webera Notaris.

Leaves smaller narrower more acuminate, appressed when
dry. Capsule narrower sometimes reddish. Stem often with us.
red. bulbilli. — Alps r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Austria: Venturi.
Amer, Can.: Macoun.

* B.subcucullatum C. M. et Kindb. — Webera cat. Can. m.

Leaves &mall suboblong gen. obtusate, appressed when dry:
lower obtuse. Capsule smaller. Stem without bulbilli, Tufts
dense. — Higher alp. region r. Amer. Can. 2100 metr. a. sea:
Macoun,

* B.Cardoti Renauld. — Webera Ren.; Bryum Kindb.

Lower leaves often subobtuse. Capsule sometimes erect when
moist, sometimes pendent when dry. — Amer. r. U. S. Oregon:
Henderson, com. Cardot. ;

* B.filum Schimper.

. Leaves not reflexed, often subobtuse, more distant or less
distinctly erowded; cells wider. Tufts high often loose. Capsules
unknown. — Alps r. Eur. Norway! Switzerl.: Culmann, com.
Husnot. : |

* B.earinatum Boulay. — »Webera cucullata. var.»; Husnot.

Leaves carinate not reflexed nearly appressed, very glossy.
Capsule thick; pedicel short. — Rocks r. Eur. Mont Blane:
Payot, com. Husnot.

* B.Payoti Schimper. — »Bryum Blindii var.»: Husnot. :

»Leaves broad-ovate long-decurrent nearly entire, imbricate -

when. dry. Tufts 4—6 c. m. high not tomentose. Capsules e

unknown. — Alp. rivulets r. Eur. France: Payot»: Limpricht.
187.B.mierosporum Kindb. — Webera pyenodecurrens C. M.
et Kindb. cat. Can. m. v

Differs from B. commutatum: Leaves distinctly serrate longer-
decurrent, more glossy and: finally reddish, patent when dry;

— 889 —

cells narrower. Capsule reddish yellow; cilia sometimes sub-
appendieulate. Spores very small. — Alps r. Amer. Brit. Col.
2100 metr. a. sea: Macoun.

188.B.canadense Kindb. — Webera micro-apiculata C. M. et
Kindb. cat. Can. m.

Leaves small suboblong or oblong-lanceolate apiculate or
narrowed to a short gen. entire acumen, finally red, appressed
when dry; the uppermost denticulate faintly reflexed; cells
very narrow; costa faint, vanishing far below apex. Tufts dense
not high, green above, reddish below. Capsules unknown. —
Rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun,
189.B.norvegicum Kindb. — B. micro-commutatum Kindb.
botan. notiser 1896,

Leaves small oval-ovate obtusate or short-acuminate faintly
denticulate nearly crowded and gen. not decurrent; cells not
wide; costa not excurrent. Tufts low green. Differs from B.
commutatum: Capsule subglobose or broad-piriform purplish or
finally dark brown-red, often erect; neck very short; teeth brown-
yellow; pedicel us. shortish. — In alp. region r. Eur. Norway
Dovrefjeld and Tronfjeld!

5. Albicantiformia.
190.B.albicans Wahlenberg. — Mniobryum Limpr.

Leaves not glossy, often glaucous green sometimes finally
red; cells rhomboidal; costa not percurrent. Lower leaves ovate
or ovate-oblong; upper acute not reflexed, distant short-decur-
rent, us. narrowly ovate-lanceolate. Capsule glaucous finally
reddish or orange-brown, blackish when old, thick piriform;
neck thick; teeth orange; lid mamillate; pedicel long. Tufts
loose often high when sterile, about 2—3 c. m. when fruiting.
Dioecious. — Wet places prine. in alps. Eur. common in alps.
Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can: J. Macoun; Moser.

Alaska: J. M. Macoun: U. S: Henderson, com. Cardot.

* B.sparsum »Hampe»: C. Mueller.

Leaves smaller; cells narrower. Stem short. — Amer. r. U.
S.: Roell; Bolæńdėr; com. C. Mueller.

VI. Epipterygium Lindberg.
191.B.Tozeri Greville. — Webera Schimper.

Leaves pale green; the larger oval or obovate abruptly short-
acuminate acute decurrent; inner cells wide rhomboidal. Smaller
. . leaves oblong. Capsule small obovate rufescent; neck short;

lid conic; annulus very broad; pedicel not long. Stems short
not tufted. Dioecious. Habit of B. carneum. — Wet earth r.

-— 890 —

Eur. France: Philibert;.Du. Noday. Engl: Curnow. Amer. Pacif.
distr. Can.: Macoun. U: S.: Henderson. com. .Cardot.
VII. Pohlia Hedwig, in. part,
Aw Capsule large narrowly oblong. Upper leaves narrowly
ovate-lanceolate distinctly reflexed. Tufts loose.
192.B.elongatum Hedwig. — Pohlia H.; Bryum Dickson.
Upper leaves sharply acuminate more or less denticulate.
Capsule not pendent, with us. curved longer neck; lid r. ro-
stellate; pedicel long. Us. paroecious. — Earth -and rocks
prince, below alp. regions. Eur. not r. Norway! Sweden: E.
Adlerz. j
* B.ambiguum Limpricht. — Webera Limpr.; Bryum Kindb.
»Leaves denticulate only near apex: upper suddenly larger.
Cilia split. — Hur, r. Austria»; Limpricht.
* B.aeuminatum Hornschuch. — Pohlia Hsch.;. Bryum: Br. eur.
Leaves denticulate near apex: upper often suddenly larger.
Capsule not shorter than the us. straight neck; lid often ro-
stellate. — Earth and rocks princ. in alps, Eur. Norway, Swit-
zerl.| Sweden: H. Nordenstroem. Scotl. Rogers. Amer. Can.: Ma-
coun; Fowler. |
B. Capsule not large, suboblong or subobovate. Upper
leaves faintly. reflexed,. broadly ovate-lanceolate. Tufts dense:
193.B.polymorphum . Hoppe. et Hornschuch. — Pohlia Hop.
et Hsch.; Bryum Br. eur.
Capsule gen. suboblong and pendent; neck shorter, r. curved;
lid. not rostellate; pedicel us. short... Leaves crowded. us. ap- -
pressed when dry; cells very narrow. Stem us. naked below
or beset with very small leaves. Tufts low. Us. paroecious. —
Earth and rocks in alp. regions. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.!
France: Husnot. Amer. r. Greenl. Berggren; Vanhoeffen. KE.
* B.brachycarpum Hoppe et Hornschuch. — Pohlia Hop. et —
Hsch.; Bryum Kindb.; B. nudicaule Lesquereux; Sullivant icon. |
m.; Webera microcaulon C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m...
Capsule thick subobovate. Us... monoecious. — Alp. rocks —
r. Eur. Norway! France: Husnot: Amer. Can.: J, Macoun. Alaska: :
J. M. Macoun. U. $.: Bolender, com. C. Mueller. ue meos
* B.pseud-aeuminatum Kindb. n. subsp. ps4.
Capsule larger, suboblong and gen. not pendent.: Stem and
pedicel longer.. Us. monoecious or dioecious. — Alp. rocks r:
Eur. Norway! nao
194.B.subpolymorphum Kindb. n. sp. olsogedit
Capsule oblong pendent, smaller. than. in B. polymorphum;

— 891 —

neck shorter; lid rostellate. Leaves less crowded and not ap-
pressed when dry, sometimes subdecurrent; cells wider. Stem
uniformly foliate, not naked below. Dioecious. — Alp. regions
r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col. 1950 metr. a. sea: Macoun Canad.
musci n. 468,

156. Leptotheea Schwegrichen.
1.L.Wrightii Sullivant.

»Comal leaves oblong-obovate or obovate-spathulate, narrowly
margined, recurved, serrulate above; costa excurrent. Capsule
erect cylindric; endostome rudimentary. Tufts low dense to-
mentose. Pseudo-monoecious. — Amer. r. U. S. Florida»: Lesq.
et Jam.

Fam. 33. Buxbaumiacee,
157. Buxbaumia Haller; L.
1.B.aphylla L.

Capsule brown, depressed on upper side with thick border
and persistent cuticle; teeth short in a single row, — Bare
earth esp. in fir-woods or on decayed wood. Eur. not r. Swe-
den! Austria: Schmidt, France: Brébisson. Amer. r. Can.: Ma-
coun. |
2.B.indusiata Bridel. oben

Capsule green neither depressed nor margined; cuticle. split-
ting; teeth in 4 rows, each row increasing in length, — Rotten
logs. Hur. not r. Sweden! France: Husnot. Amer. r. Can.:
Macoun. i

158. Diphyscium Ehrhart; Mohr.
1.D.sessile Schmid. — Buxbaumia Schmid; Diphyscium Lindb.;
D. foliosum Mohr. "5

Leaves small linear-lingulate, curled when dry; upper cells
rotundate, lower oval-oblong, outer basal linear pellucid; costa
not percurrent. Perichetial leaves very large not chlorophyllose,
from ovate-oblong base long-acuminate ciliate near apex; costa
excurrent to a long rough hairpoint. Capsule large ovoid
small-mouthed often curved; endostome white. Dioecious. —
Earth and rocks. Eur. not r. Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun.

Fam. 34. Andreæaceæ.
159. Andrewa Ehrhart.
A. Leaves nerveless us. appressed when dry.
1. . Petrophile. Leaves more or less papillose. Us, mon-

oecious.

zz $64 =

B. Leaves costate, not appressed when dry, often falcate.

2. Nivales. Leaves papillose, crisped or flexuous when dry;
the perichetial costate. Dioecious, r. fruiting.

3. Rupestres. Leaves smooth or (sometimes in A. frigida)
faintly mamillose, not crisped: inner. perichetial convolute and
(exc. A. Rothii) nerveless. Monoecious.

1. Petrophile.
A. Leayes broader above base, somewhat large; perichetial
obtusate. Stem often longish.
a. . Leaves slightly crenulate at base; cells small.

l.A.alpina L. — Jungermania L.; Andreea Smith.

Leaves short-acuminate obtuse crowded nearly smooth, us.
appressed when dry. Tufts blackish; stem erect not much
high. — Rocks near Atlantie sea r. Eur. Norway! R. Hartman;
F. Kier, :

b. Leaves entire; cells somewhat large.

2.A.Hartmani Schimper.

Leaves large gen. obtusate and distant, nearly smooth and
not appressed. Tufts brownish. Stem us. very long and floa-
ting. — Stones in rivulets in northern alps r. Eur. Norway!
Sweden: K. F. Thedenius.

* A.Thedenii Schimper. |

Leaves less large and more distinctly acuminate, crowded,
faintly papillose, often appressed. ‘Tufts blackish brown; stem
erect not much high. — Wet rocks in norther alps r. Bur,
Norway!
3.A.obovata Thedenius.

Leaves less large gen. long-acuminate, crowded, distinctly
papillose and appressed, reddish or brown-red when moist. [55
Tufts blackish when dry; stem erect not much Ino) We
rocks in northern alps r, Eur. Norway! Sweden: R. Hartman.
Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. Greenl. Berggren.

B. Leaves broader near base, gen. small and appressed
when dry; perichetial sometimes acuminate. "Tufts loose; stem
erect. | ps
4.A.petrophila Ehrhart.

Leaves ovate oblong or ovate-lanceolate acuminate gen. sub-
obtuse distinctly papillose and crowded: inner perichetial us.
obtusate. Tufts gen. brown and low. — $giliceous rocks Com
mon. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Spain: Levier. Amer.
Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. ne

— 398 —

* A.alpestris Thedenius. !
Leaves. smaller. and. less. payillose, Gae o abitino:
cells smaller. Perichetial leaves obtusate obtuse, Stem thinner
Tufts .us. blackish. — Northern alps. r. Ewr. Norway! Amer.
Can.:: Macoun.
* A.papillosa Lindberg.
Leaves very papillose often nearly subulate-acuminate; cells
somewhat large. Perichetial leaves acute short-acuminate, Tufts
often high and. blackish. — Princ. in arctic: distr: r. Eur.
Norway! Spetsbergen: Berggren. Amer. »Greenl»: Lange:
* A.subsparsifolia Kindb. n. subsp. )
Leaves gen.) long-acuminate: perichetial acute acuminate; célls
not large. Tufts brown. somewhat high. — Eur. r. Norwap
on rocks near Atlantic sea in Oerkedall
* A.tenella Kindb. n. subsp.
Leaves narrow long-acuminate often crenulate above, very
small; cells. small as in 4. alpestris. Stem capillary. Tufts
low blackish. — Alp. region r. Hur. Spaiu hoepide de éste.
in Pyren. mts 1800 metr. a. seal
* A.sparsifolia Zetterstedt. i
. Leaves. distant gen. long-acuminate acute, also the ec
tial. Tufts sometimes oliye-green, often somewhat high. — In
alps r. Eur. Norway: Bryhn. Sweden: E. Nyman.
* A.sublevis Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1893 (as var.).
Leaves, small distant spreading gen. nearly smooth:. meg id
tial gen. acute long-acuminate.. Tufts low blackish brown:
Amer. r. Can, Vane. isl: J. M; Macoun.
5.A.parvifolia C. Mueller in Flora 1887.
. »Plant. very. small.. Leaves. minute from. oval bivehtrigpse
base narrowed to a suboblong round-obtuse acumen, very. pa-
pillose: perichetial subobtusate. or acuminate. Capsule minute;
pedicel very short. Dioecious. s~ Arctie distr. r. Amer. Alaska»:
. M. g | pO)

2... Nivales. |

A. Leaves papillose on whole lamina, not densely crowded;
more or less crisped. Tufts loose and high when sterile.
6.A.nivalis Hooker. i

Leaves ovate-lanceolate graduall y narrowed to the vvbulata
acumen, papillose princ. at borders; costa not orslightly excur:
rent. Tufts. us. blackish or black-red when dry..— Wet.sand
on alp. often inundated rocks r. Euri- Norway! Sweden: E.

Adlerz. France: Zetterstedt. Austria; Husnot m. Gall.
26

— 894 —

7.A.Maeounii Kindb. bull. Torr. club 1890.

Leaves from short ovate or broadly ovate-lanceolate base
abruptly narrowed to the sublinear acumen, papillose princ. on
upper part of costa, whick is purple red gen. long-excurrent
but not filing whole acumen below. Tufts brown or brown-
red when dry. Capsules unknown. — On inclined faces of
rocks by rivulets in higher alp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.
2250 metr. a. sea: J. Macoun. U. S. Oregon: Roell.

B. Leaves smooth on lamina, papillose on the long-excur-
rent costa, crowded, slightly crisped. Tufts low dense.
8.A.Blyttii Schimper. y

Leaves from short ovate base abruptly narrowed to the ex-
current costa. Tufts us. blackish when dry. — Northern alps
r. Eur. Norway: M. N. Blytt; Zetterstedt. Amer. Greenl.: Berg-
gren, com. Nathorst. `

3. Rupestres.

A. Leaves with not or slightly excurrent costa; the inner
perichetial with percurrent costa.
9.A-Rothii Weber et Mohr.

Leaves crowded us. ovate-lanceolate broadly acuminate sub-
acute and not falcate. Tufts low dense blackish or red-brown.
— Siliceous rocks. Eur. not r. Norway! Swedenl; R. Hartman.
France: Husnot. Amer. r. »U. 8.»: Lesq. et Jam.

* A.faleata Schimper. i

Leaves falcate smaller, from ovate-oblong base abruptly nar-
rowed to the subulate acumen. Tufts us. blackish. — Alp.
rocks r. Eur. Spain, Switzerl! France: Husnot. Amer. Can.:
Macoun. | ha

B. Leaves gen. with long-excurrent costa: inner perichetial
nerveless, | We

a. Leaves short ovate or ovate-oblong crowded often sub: -
erect when dry: perichetial us. smooth,
10.A.erassinervis Bruch. i

Leaves subovate; costa thick terete long-excurrent. In

perichetial leaves long-acuminate, outer costate. Tufts dense —— .

blackish. — Rocks princ. below alps near sea. Eur. Sweden
less r.l; M. Huss. Norway: E. Nyman. Finl.: Axel Arrhenius. |
Amer. r. N. Foundl.: Waghorne.
li.A.obtusifolia Berggren in sched. nm
Leaves ovate-oblong; costa faint applanate exeurrent not fil-
ling. whole acumen below. Nearly all perichetial leaves nerve-
less: inner obtusate or short-acuminate. Tufts loose blackish.

— 895 —

— Dry siliceous rocks in arctie distr. r. Amer. Greenl.: Berg-
gren, com. Nathorst: i a

b. Leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate patent also when dry.

aa. Leaves somewhat distant: inner perichetial very papillose.
12.A.Huntii Limpricht.

Leaves falcate; costa not filling whole acumen below. Tufts
dense blackish. — Rocks princ. in lower districts r. Eur. Swe-
den: C. Indebetou. Norway: E. Nyman. Engl: Holt. Portugal:
Levier. Amer. Can. Vanc. isl: Macoun.

bb. Leaves crowded; the perichetial smooth.
13.A.frigida Huebener.

Leaves broadly acuminate subobtuse; outer perichetial costate.
Tufts dense reddish brown or blackish. — Siliceous alp. rocks.
Eur. not r. Spain! Portugal and Corsica: Levier. Germany:
Limpricht. Austria: Breidler.
14.A.angustata Lindberg.

Leaves narrowly long-acuminate subacute: perichetial nerveless.
Tufts loose blackish very low. — 1n alp. region r. Eur. »Austria
1600 metr. a. sea: Breidler»: Limpricht.

Fam. 35. Bruchiacee.
160. Bruchia Schwegrichen.

A. Calyptra hispid. Capsule with nearly indistinct neck.
I. Trachymitra. Capsule wholly immersed; pedicel very short.
Upper leaves long-acuminate subovate-lanceolate; costa percur-
rent. Spores nearly smooth about 0,03 m. m. Monoecious.
. B. Calyptra glabrous. Capsule gen. distinctly necked.

II. Pseudo-Trematodon. Capsule with narrow often defluent
neck; pedicel gen. long-exserted above the upper leaves. Spores
about 0,02 m. m., more or less papillose. Us. monoecious.

IH. Eu-Bruchia. Capsule with gen. thick (not defluent) and
not longer neck; pedicel short-exserted or immersed. Paroecious
or (B. Drummondii) monoecious, r. dioecious.

I. Trachymitra Kindb.

1.B.Ravenelii Wilson; Sullivant icon. musc. us

Upper leaves nearly gradually acuminate; costa nearly filling
upper part of the serrulate acumen. — Amer, r. »U. S.»:
Sullivant.
2.B.Caroline Austin; Britton in contrib. from Columbia coll.

Upper leaves gen. from subobovate base abruptly acuminate;
costa broadly bordered by lamina of the nearly entire acumen.
— Amer. r. +U. S: Austin»: Britton.

—— s

: IL. Pseudo-Trematodon Kindb.

A. Upper leaves slightly sinuolate above; costa not exeurrent,
3.B.Bolenderi Lesquereux; Sullivant icon. m.

. Upper leaves ovate-lanceolate nearly gradually narrowed.. Cap-
sule shorter than the not defluent neck; pedicel longer. —
Amer. r: »U. S.»: Sullivant.

B. Upper leaves us. entire r. denticulate; costa excurrent.
4.B.longicollis Eaton bull. Torr. club. 1890. ` l

Upper leaves ovate-lanceolate nearly gradually narrowed; costa
filling upper half of acumen. Capsule shorter than the defluent
neck; pedicel long-exserted. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Eaton.
5.B.trobasiana Notaris.

Upper leaves subovate-lanceolate gradually narrowed, costa
not filling whole acumen below. Capsule not shorter than. the
subdefluent neck; pedicel scarcely exserted above upper leaves.
Sometimes paroecious. — Eur. r. Austria: Breidler, com?
Warnstorf. ;
6.B.vogesiaea Schwægrichen.

Upper leaves ovate-oblong abruptly narrowed to a by costa
filled acumen. Capsule not shorter than the defluent neck;
pedicel long-exserted. — Eur. r. France: Boulay; Buchinger. ©

II. Eu-Bruchia,
. A. Costa of leaves excurrent.
7.B.eurviseta Lesquereux et James.

»Upper leaves subovate, denticulate above. Capsule wholly -
exserted, longer than the thick neck; pedicel curved or genicu- ©
late, not shorter. Spores papillose. Paroecious. — Amer. U.
S.»: Lesq. et Jam. | q f
8.B.Drummondii Hampe. — B. brevipes Sull. 1. c, (non Hooker).

Upper leaves entire from subovate base abruptly narrowed -
to the subulate by costa nearly wholly filled acumen. Capsule —
wholly immersed; pedicel short, Spores less papillose. Mon-
oecious. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Sullivant. | 70

B. Costa of leaves not excurrent.

a. Leaves short obtusate or short-acuminate.
9.B.brevifolia Sullivant icon. muse. qu

Upper leaves from longer, ovate-oblong base nearly gradually
narrowed to the short acumen; costa pereurrent. Capsule partly -
emergent; pedicel very short. Spores nearly smooth somewhat
small. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Sullivant. 4 |
10.B.fusea Britton l. c. i99

Upper leaves ovate or. broad-ovate obtusate or very short- —

a 060 a

acuminate, often obtuse; costa abbreviate or scarcely pereurrent,
Capsule exserted; pedicel nearly immersed. Spores as in the
last. — Amer, r. »U. S.»: Mrs Britton. í
41.B.Hallii Austin; Britton 1. c.

Upper leaves subovate very short-acuminate acute; costa per-
current. Capsule. wholly exserted; pedicel nearly emergent at
apex. Spores large papillose. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Mrs E. G.
Britton. IE

b. Leaves long-acuminate. Spores somewhat large, us. very
papillose. i
12.B.texana Austin; Britton l. c. — B. flexuosa var. nigricans
Sull. l. c.

Upper leaves.from ovate-oblong base abruptly subulate-acu-
minate, entire. Capsule wholly exserted, longer than the thick
neck; pedicel subemergent. — Amer. U. S.: com. Macoun.

* B.Donnellii Austin; Lesq. et Jam.
»Leaves sinuolate above, sometimes faintly papillose. Pedicel

often emergent. — Amer. r. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
* B.Sullivantii Austin; Lesq. et Jam. — B. flexuosa Sull.1. c.
in. part. i i

Capsule partly emergent. Spores larger, more papillose. —

"Amer. r: »U. S.»: Sullivant.

13.B.flexuosa Schw:egrichen. — Phaseum Schw.; Bruchia C. M.;
B. Beyrichiana Sull. 1..c.

Upper leaves from ovate-oblong base nearly gradually narro-
wed :to the linear- subulate by the (not excurrent) costa nearly
filled acumen. Capsule oval piriform without distinct neck,
partly emergent; pedicel not shorter. — Amer. r. U. S: Lang-
lois, com.. Cardot.

A 161. Pleuridium Bridel.
| As Monoecious with gemmiform male flowers.

a. Branches julaceous. Leaves obtusate or short-acuminate;
upper cells small rhomboidal. :
1.P.Sullivantii Austin. — »P. nervosum» Sull. icon. m., non
Brid. , ; ji

Leaves subovate crowded: upper with thick excurrent costa,
perichetial abruptly acuminate much larger. Capsule broad-oval
thick-pointed; pedicel nearly half as long. — Amer. x. »U. S.»:
Sullivant. 4

b. Branches not julaceous, Leaves long-acuminate; the upper
larger; cells rectangular. - A aw : b ba

— 398 —

2.P.alternifolium Dickson. — Phascum Dicks.; Pleuridium
Rabenhorst. à

Upper leaves somewhat abruptly subulate gen. serrulate above;
costa sometimes excurrent. Capsule subovoid with straight point.
Tufts green. — Eur. not r. in northern distr. Sweden! France:
Lamy. Finl.: Bomansson. Amer. U. S: Howe; Sullivant, com.
C. Mueller. E
3.P.Bolenderi C. Mueller. |

Upper leaves gradually subulate nearly entire, shorter than _
in the last; costa excurrent. Capsule ovoid with oblique point.

Tufts dark green. — Amer. r. U. S. Chicago: Roell.

B. Paroecious or synoecious.

a. Upper leaves not larger than the lower.
4.P.axillare Dickson. — Phascum Dicks.; Pleuridium Lindb.;

P. nitidum Rabenhorst.

Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate acute; costa faint not ex-
current. Capsule ovoid often lateral. — Eur. not r. Sweden!
Engl.: Rogers. Austria: Schmidt.

b. Upper leaves larger than the lower. :
5.P.palustre Br. eur. — Phascum Br. eur.; Pleuridium Husnot. j

Leaves crowded: upper ovate-oblong; costa long.excurrent. | —
Calyptra mitriform. Capsule round-ovoid; pedicel very short.
Protonema often persistent. — Wet earth. Eur. not common.
Sweden: S. Berggren; J. Persson. Belgium: Gravet. Amer. »U. S.»:

Lesq. et Jam. E
6.P.subulatum Hudson. — Phascum Huds.; Pleuridium Ra- +
benhorst, r3; balia 3

Leaves gen. distant; the upper from ovate-oblong base nearly -
gradually subulate; costa not well-defined above and scarcely
excurrent. Calyptra cucullate. Capsule ovoid apiculate; pedicel —
us. very short. Protonema not persistent. — Sandy soil. Eur. |
princ. in southern distr., r. in northern. Switzerl. Sweden: M. ©
Huss. Engl.: Whitehead. France: Husnot. Amer. »U. &.»:Lq.etJ. ——
* P.anomalum Kindb. in nuovo giorn. bot. ital. 1893 (as var.) —

Capsule with distinct lid; pedicel arcuate emergent above —
leaves. — On sand at a stonewall, mixed with P. subulatum —
and Ditrichum pallidum (hybride form ?. Eur. Switzerl. near —
Lugano! i.
* P.astomoides Limpricht. b

»Hybride form ? Capsule without distinct lid, shorter than.
the straight not emergent pedicel. — Mixed with P. subulatum :
and Ditrichum pallidum. Eur. Austria: Breidler»: Limpricht.

— 399 —

7.P.Ravenelii Austin.

»Differs from P. subulatum: Upper leaves with longer sub-
lanceolate base; costa excurrent. Capsule broadly apiculate, a
little larger. — Light sandy soil r; Amer. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

162. Arehidium Bridel,

A. Monoecious with male flowers on sepasela beanies
Leaf-cells subrectangular.
1.A.ohioénse Schimper; Sullivant icon. muse.

Leaves distant patent sublinear-subulate serrulate above; the
perichetial from ovate base abruptly acuminate; costa gen. not.
excurrent. — Clay soil r. Amer. Can.: Macoun.
2.A.Hallii Austin.

_ Leaves crowded suberect sublinear-subulate nearly entire; costa
sometimes excurrent. Perichetial leaves not seen. — Amer, r.
U. S.: Henry, com. Cardot.

B. Synoecious or subparoecious (submonoecious).
3.A.alternifolium Hooker et Taylor. — Phascura H. T.; Ar-
chidium Schimper; A. phascoides Brid.

Leaves distant patent sublinear-subulate gen. entire; cells sub-
rectangular; perichetial leaves from ovate-oblong base abruptly
acuminate; costa sometimes excurrent. Stem with numerous
flagelliform shoots. Habit of Pleuridium alternifolium, -- Wet
soil viz. near lakes r. Eur. Sweden: France: Berthoumieu.
4.A.longifolium Lesquereux et James.

»Synoecious. Leaves narrowly lanceolate-subulate; cells gen.
rectangular; costa excurrent. — Amer. r. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.
5.A.tenerrimum Mitten.

»Differs from B. ohioénse: Subparoecious. Leaf-cells much
shorter and closer. — Amer. r. U. S.: Drummond»: Lesq.
et Jam... .
6.A.Ravenelii Austin.

»Synoecious. Lower leaves ovate, upper ovate-lanceolate or
acute or obtuse entire; cells round-oval or rhomboidal; costa
sometimes excurrent. — Amer. r. U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam.

163. Ephemerum Hampe.

1. Eeostata. Leaves nerveless (r. faintly costate in upper
half.).

2. Costata. Leaves costate. Spores papillose.

1. Ecostata.

A. Leaves serrate above middle; cells wide.
1.E.serratum Schreber. — Phascum Schr.; Ephemerum Hampe.

Leaves narrowly suboblong not long-acuminate. Spores pa-

— 400 —

pillose 0,05—0,07 m. m. — Eur. not r.'Sweden: Hamnstram,
Austria: Schmidt. France: Berthoumieu: « Amer: »U. S.»: ‘Lesq.
at .Jadaoiqa vlhaoid sf krd paon.: IIT
* E.precox Walther--et' Molendo. — E. intermedium Mitten.
* Leaves faintly costate ‘in’ upper half. — Eur. r. »Engl.»:
Bráithwáite. 15459 aot er ! ih ijoj Ht ot
2 E.minutissimum Lindberg. Animsato allao 15
Leaves narrowly lanceolate long-acuminate, Spores nearly
smooth ‘smaller than in the last; — Eur. r. »Engl.»: Braith-
waite: Amer) Can.: Macoun; Drummond à. 10; ^ 00095
B. Leaves nearly entire; upper cells narrow. ~~
3.E.stellatum Philibert. nilaguA HIIaH. A.
© “Leaves: from. subovàte' base abruptly narrowed to a long subu-
latessaċumen. Spores smooth-./0,04—0,05 ^m; ^m. — Burit.
France: Philibert. ) mtoo y ‘H D

=

| 2. Costata. oorr
-LAA Leaves from: broader base gradually subulate:
a. Leaves nearly entire; Calyptra campanulate, ^ miuibids
4.E.sessile Br. eur. — Phascum Br. eur.: Ephemerum €.. M;
E. stehophyllum Schimper; Braithwaite. ^ TALON
"Leaves with «long-excurrent costa; cells somewhat’ narrow ,
nearly uniform. Capsule sessile; columella rudimentary. Spores | n
0,06—0,08.m.:m.. — Eur. r. France: Camus; Philibert. Amer.
»U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. . amilioitggol. 3.8 .
cb. © Leaves sérrulate nearly all around. Calyptra’ subcucul-
late split at one side.) =) niao9cuagnadast
5.E.erassinerve Schwegrichen. mutirani AG
Leaves with smooth not excurrent costa; cells rectangular —
nearly: uniform. Capsule very short-pedicellate; columellacom- —
plete. — Described to figures in icones muscorum by Sullivant; -
his own description not is agreeing. — Moist clay: ground. -
Amer. »U.:S. common»: Lesq. et Jam. Bua wc
6.E.spinulosum Bruch et Schimper: eiid: 16.) ion
»Differs. from the: last in: leaves narrower; costa excurrent —
into a long hyaline: spinulose*arista:: — Amer. Same locality |
as the preceeding»: Le&q. et Jam: mal oabnbenodbssdben |
B. Leaves from long base abruptly narrowed to a shorter
often deflexed acumen; more or less serrate above middle.
a. Calyptra cucullate.» Costa! of. leaves excurrent. eee
T.E.reeurvifolium Dickson. — Phascum Dicks.; Ephemerum
Boulay; Ephemerella: Schimper; E. pachycarpa C;:M; «5504
"Leaves. sublinear-lanceolate -often | somewhat long-acuminate,

*

— 401 —

sometimes faleate when ‘moist; cells subrectangular ‘or the upper

shorter.’ Sporessabout 0,04 m. m. — Eur, r. France; Brébisson.
bi Calyptra campainiilate. Costa ‘of leaves faint “gen. mot

excurrent, 3

pé E.coherens Hedwig. — Phascum Hedw;; Diisiibentint Harüpé.
Leaves: suboblong short-acuminate; cells irregular: upper rhom-

bid: Spores 0,05—0,07 m. m= Eur. r. Austria: : Breidler.

Ameri» U. S. common»: Lesq. et Jam. [7

* E.Flotowii Funck. — Phascum Funck; iiem dmn.

~o» Leaves- sublanceolate somewhat lóhg-acttn inte; onan nearly

entire. -—: Eur: r. Germany»: Schimper.

9 E.Ruthei Schimper; -Husnot m: Gal. 9jaiuo
Leaves sublinear-lanceolate long- acuminate; cells pei uniform.

Spores about 0,05 m. m. — Eur. r. »Germany»: Schimper.
164. Nanomitrium Lindberg.
1.N.tenerum Bruch. — Phascum Bruch; Nanomitrium Lindb;

Micromitrium megalosporum Austin; Sulliv. icon. m.; Epheme-
rum longifolium. Philibert. À

Leaves. narrowly . ovate-lanceolate faintly . gerrulate nearly all
around, suberect when moist. Capsule with hyaline walls and
very short sübacute point, sometimes transversely splitting when
pressed. Spores faintly papillose about 0,03 m, m. — Eur. r.
France: Thériot; Philibert. Amer, »U. S.»: Sullivant.
,2.N,Austini Sullivant. — Ephemerum Sulliv.; Nanomitrium
Ren. et Card.; Kindb. revue bryol. 1895; Micromitrium Austin;
Sull. icon. muse. ur

Differs from the last: Leaves longer-acuminate, more subulate,
entire below middle, spreading or deflexed when moist; cells of
capsule larger, not hyaline; sporés smaller scarcely 0,03 m. m.
nearly smooth. — Amer.. r. »U. S.»: Sulliv.
3.N.synoicum James. — Ephemerum Jam.; Nanomitrium Ren.
et Card.; Kindb. 1. c; Micromitrium Austin; Sull. icon. muse.

Leaves narrowly ovate lanceolate long-acuminate subulate en-
tire, suberect when moist. Capsule neither apiculate nor regu-
larly splitting; cells: as in the last Spores about 0,02 m. m à
distinctly papillose. -— Amer. r- »U. 8.»: Sulliv.
«1.165. Ephemeridium Kindb. revue bryol. 1895.
1.E.papillosum Austin. — Ephemerum Aust.; Sullivant icon.

muse.; Ephemeridium: Kindb. 1l. c.

^ Leaves long narrowly’ ovate- lanceolate, saperiagt above middle
to the subulate acumen, sharply serrate nearly all around, sub-
erect .when) moist; cells rectangular nearly uniform; costa per-

— 402 —

current serrate at back. Capsule subapiculate; cells small; ca-
lyptra covering half capsule, laciniate. Spores about 0,02 m. m.
nearly smooth. Confounded with Ephemerum crassinerve. --
On thin soil and rocks r. Amer. »U. S.»: Sulliv.
2.E.hystrix Lindberg. — Ephemerum Lindb. manip. muscor. 2
(Societ. pro flora et fauna fenn. 1874); Lesq. et Jam.; Ephe-
meridium Kindb. (Ephemerum spinulosum Bruch et Sch. ?).
»Leaves narrowly lanceolate-subulate, long-spinulose at mar-
gins, open-erect or subsecund, not much passing capsule; costa
percurrent nearly filliag the subulate point, spinulose at back.
Capsule large very shortly conic-rostellate. Spores minutely
tuberculate very large. — Amer. r. U. S.: Louisiana»: Lindb. 1. c.

Fam. 36. Voitiaceæ.
166. Voitia Hornschuch.
1.V.nivalis Hornschuch.

Leaves distant long-acuminate not recurved; cells oblong-
hexagonal or subrectangular; costa gen. long-excurrent, in up-
permost leaves sometimes not excurrent. Capsule subovate-
oblong; pedicel thick 2—3 c. m. long. Perichetial leaves ob-
tusate; costa long-excurrent. Spores small. Tufts tomentose
3—8 c. m. high. — On animal dung in alp. region r, Eur.
Austria: Breidler.

2. V.hyperborea Greville et Arnott. UT

Differs from the last: Leaves broad-ovate obtusate gen. api-
culate; costa percurrent or short-excurrent, Shoot-leaves small
obovate; costa vanishing far below the short point. Capsule
subglobose smaller, sometimes shorter rostrate; pedicel thin less _
long. Stems us. not tufted. Perichetial leaves not seen. — _
Arctic distr. r. Eur, Spetsbergen: R. Gyllencreutz.

Fam. 37. Physcomitrellaceæ.

167. Physcomitrella Bruch et Schimper. br
1.Ph.patens Hedwig. — Phascum H.; Physcomitrella B. S.
Leaves sublingulate or sublinear acute or short-acuminate;
costa. subpereurrent. Capsule apiculate; pedicel more or less
distinct. Stem us. simple. -— Wet clayey soil. Hur. not r.

Sweden! Finl: Bomansson. France: Brébisson. | Amer. »U. S.» D 3

Lesq. et Jam.

168. Aphanorhegma Sullivant. eiu ee
1.A.serratum Hooker et Wilson. — Schistidium H. W.; Apha-
norhegma Sull, icon. m. mob
Leaves: linear-lanceolate gen. with long subulate acumen; costa

— 403 —

often percurrent. Capsule globose obtusely apiculate; pedicel
short or indistinct. Stem often finally branching. — Wet
clayey soil r. Amer. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller.
2. A.Hampei Limpricht (»Physcomitrella patens + Physcomitrium
sphericum»). -— Physcomitrella Limpr.; Aphanorhegma Kindb.
Calyptra as in the last. Capsule oval with short conic point,
pedicel not much shorter. Leaves as in Physcomitrella. — Eur. r.
»Germany»: Limpricht.

Fam. 38. Phascacee.

| 169. Phaseum L.

A. Leaves close to an head-like bud, us. smooth and ser-

rulate.
L Aeaulon. Capsule immersed globose not or indistinctly
mamillate; calyptra very short mitriform. Leaves us. serrulate
at the mostly recurved borders; costa r. long-excurrent, Mon-
oecious with distinct male flowers. Plants minute.

B. Leaves not densely close, us. papillose and entire (or
faintly sinuolate). :
a, Capsule not rostrate. 2,
II. Asehisma. Capsule immersed subglobose apiculate; ca-
lyptra broad short submitriform, often cleft at one side. Leaves
papillose involute; costa subpercurrent. Monoecious with distinct
male flowers. Plants minute.

HI. Eu-Phaseum. Capsule often exserted, oval-globose api-
culate or r. mamillate; calyptra us. broad subcucullate or r.
mitriform. Leaves us. papillose often reflexed; costa excurrent.
Paroecious. Stem often distinct.
b. Capsule obliquely rostrate.
IV. Mildeella. Capsule sometimes exserted, suboval or r.
globose; calyptra narrow cucullate. Leaves mostly papillose;
costa gen. long-excurrent. Monoecious with distinct male flowers,
or dioecious. Stem distinct.

| I. Acaulon C. Mueller.

A. Leaves smooth; costa complete.

a. Leaves concave; costa subpercurrent. verra
1.Ph.mutieum Schreber. — Acaulon C. M; Spherangium
Schimper. 1

Upper leaves subovate acute or short-acuminate; borders re-
curved (sinuolate or serrulate) above; costa short-excurrent or
pereurrent. Inner perichetial leaves of same length, not wholly
convolute, us, serrulate and much longer than the short-pedi-

— 404 —

cellate capsule. + Eur. Sweden: Berggren. Engl.: Rogers. France:
Brébisson. Austria: Schmidt. Amer. »U. S., Calif»: Lesq. et J.
* Ph.minus (Hooker et Taylor, as variety) Jæger. — Ph. muti-
eum var. minus H. T. Acaulon Jeger; Phascum Kindb.

. Smaller in all parts.» Perichetial leaves entire scarcely rea-
ching above capsule. — Eur. r. »France and Engl.»: Limpricht.
* Ph.rufescens Jeger. — Acaulon. Jeg.; Phascum Kindb.;
Spherangium Lesq. et Jam. 2

»Leaves mostly not revolute. Pedicel of capsule sometimes
curved. — Amer. U. S. very common in eastern and central
States»: Lesq. et Jam. ;
2.Ph.mediterraneum Limpricht. — Acaulon Limpr.; Braith-
waite; Phascum Kindb.; Acaulon Holtii Lindb. in litt. .
"Leaves ‘smaller and narrower than in Ph. muticum, entire,
gen: not recurved; cells smaller. Perichetial leaves unequal in
length; the upper one much longer, wholly convolute and nearly
entire. Capsule mamillate; pedicel indistinct. — Eur, r. Eng-
land: G. A. Holt. ; 14]

b. Leaves carinate; costa excurrent. |
3.Ph.triquetrum Spruce. — Acaulon ©, M. Spherangium
Schimper. ` lofud }

Leaves suboval subacute; borders recurved and sinuolate often
nearly. all) around; costa excurrent to a short deflexed point.
Inner perichetial leaves us. 3 of same length. Pedicel of cap-
sule curved. Plant resembling a triquetrous bud. — Eur.
Austria: Breidler; Schmidt. France: Goulard, com. Husnot.
Amer. Can.: Drummond, com. Macoun. i
. *Ph.piligerum Notaris. — Acaulon Limpr. HET.

Leaves with long-excurrent- costa. — Eur. »ltaly»: Notaris.
= B. ‘Leaves papillose on- both sides; costa not evolute in
lower part, long-excurreht. . feo :9s0d ola.
4Ph.Schimperi ^Sulivant. — Acaulon Sully ieon. muse; -
Spherangium Lesq. et Jam. acim 34 =

Upper leaves concave, serrulate and’ recurved above, subovate -
with narrow. subulate patent or deflexed. point.» Perichetial
: leaves subobovate not. convolute. Capsule mamillate; pedicel
curved.: —. Amer. »U. S; r.»: Sull. Hinde

Il. Aschisma Lindberg. : idag
5.Ph.earniolieum Weber et Mohr. j Ios
o Upper leaves coacave oblong-lanceolate subobtuse, not close
when moist; upper cells green round-quadrate, lower hyaline
short-rectangular. Capsule ‘subglobose; pedicel very short. Plants

— 405 —

minute cespitulose. — On sand and earth r. Hur. »Mediterr.

— distr.»:Husnot. Amer, »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam...

III. Eu-Phascum. algot

A. Capsule with distinct lid; calyptra very papillose. —
6.Ph.reetum Withering. — Pottia Mitten; Braithwaite.

Leaves entire papillose suboblong or subobovate. Capsule
oval-globose exserted; pedicel straight; calyptra cucullate. Stem
simple. Eur. r. Engl: Wood. France: Le Jolis, Greece: Orpha-
nides, Italy: Arcangeli. anii ne ant A, 3

B. Lid not distinct... Calyptra smooth or faintly rough. =+

a. Stem and pedicel indistinct. Plant subgemmiform. ^ `
7.Ph.Floerkei Weber et Mohr. — Microbryum Schimper, _

Upper leaves papillose us, oval-ovate acuminate gen, entire,
erect or patulous; their point reflexed when dry... Capsule sub:
globose immersed; calyptra short us. mitriform. — Eur. r.
France: Brébisson. Amer.’ »U. 8.»: Lesq. et Jam.

b. Stem distinct often divided. Pedicel distinct. .. -
8.Ph.acaulon L. 1753. — Ph. cuspidatum Schreber 1770.

. Upper leaves entire erect oblong-lanceolate often nearly smooth.
Capsule oval-globose not or scarcely exserted above perichetial
leaves; pedicel sometimes curved. Calyptra gen. broad sub-
cucullate, r. short mitriform. — Eur, common in plains. on
fields. Sweden! Amer. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. M.
* P.piliferum Schreber. train

Leaves narrower, piliferous by costa; upper cells smaller more -
rotundate. — Eur. Sweden! Amer. Can.: Drummond. z)
9.Ph.curvicollum Ehrhart. |

Differs from Ph, acaulon: Upper leaves longer acuminate
slightly sinuolate near apex. Capsule wholly exserted; pedicel
curved longer; calyptra narrow cucullate. — Eur. r. Sweden:
J. Persson. France: Brébisson. ue a prm

IV. Mildeella Limpricht.
10.Ph.bryoides Dickson. — Pottia Mitten. : i

"Upper leaves ovate-lanceolate or r. acuminate, entire; costa
us. long-excurrent. Capsule suboval; lid distinet with subulate
beak; pedicel red. Stem 2—10 mi. m. high. — »Peristome
rudimentary;: Limpricht. — .Ewr. not r. Germany: Ahnfeldt;
Roell. Austria: Schmidt. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. .
11.Ph.subexsertum Hooker; C. M. syn. ^" ^" ^"^
' Differs from the last: Upper leaves crenulate-papillose above,
sparingly chlorophyllose. Capsule globose; lid not distinct; beak
thick; pedicel reddish yellow. Stem. 5-—8. m. ms high. —
Amer. r. Can.: Drummond, com. Macoun.

— 406 —

Alar (cells) special group at basal
angles.
Alate (stem) bordered by leaf-sub-
stance. :
Angular (cells) those.of basal angles.
Apieulate with short point.
Apophysis basal enlargement of
. eapsule.
Appendiculate with small spurs.
Areolation tissue of cells.
Arista awn.
Attenuate tapering.
Auricled with ear-like angles.
Barren sterile.
Beak tip of lid (of capsule).
Bifarious placed on two sides.
Bifld cleft to middle.
Cancellate latticed.
Cernuous drooping.
Cespitose forming matted tufts.
Cilia hairlike appendages of inner
peristome,
Cireinnate rolled into a circle.
Comal (leaves) the uppermost.
Cochleariform concave as a spoon.
Complanate flattened.
Complicate folded together.
Connate united.
Costa rib of a leaf.
Cribrose sieve-like.
strongly curled.
(calyptra) cleft at one
Side; (leaf) involute at apex.
Cultriform like a blade of a knife.
Cuspidate tapering to an acute point.
Deeurrent (leaf) prolonged down-
ward upon the stem.
Deflexed bent downward.
Defluent running downward.
Deopereulate without lid.
rphous of two forms.
hous in two opposite rows.
Emarginate notched at summit.
Entire without incisions.
eulose rootless (without rhi-
zoids).
Exannulate without annulus.
Exeurrent ending beyond apex.
Fascieulate collected in small bund-

es.
Fenestrate with dilated apertures.

Glossary.

Filiform thread-like.

Fimbriate fringed.

Flagelle like a thong of a whip.

Flexuous bending inward and out-
ward.

Fusiform spindle-shaped.

Gemmiform bud like.

Glabrous hairless.

Habit general aspect.

Heteromorphous of different forms.

Homomorphous of like form.

Hyaline clear as glass.

Imbricate disposed like tiles.

Immarginate without special bor-
der.

Immersed not emergent.

Julaeeous like a roller (by appres-
sed leaves).

Lamelle small thin narrow plates.

Lamina part of leaf (above a sheath).

Lateral placed at the side.

Limbate with a list (border).

Lingulate tongue-shaped.

Mamilla small nipple on lid or at
apex of a leaf-cell.

Muticous without hairpoint.

Nodose nobbed.

Oblong 3 times as long as broad.

Obsolete indistinct.

Obtusate not acuminate.

Oval twice as long as broad and
broader near middle.

Ovate egg-shaped.

Papilla small rounded prominence.

Paraphyllia leaflike appendages.

Pedieel stalk of capsule.

Pereurrent reaching to apex.

Pinnate branching on two sides.

Plieate folded lengthwise.

Pulvinate cushioned.

itg pear-shaped. i :
amose branching. GE

Recurved, revolute, reflexed bent —
back on the border. NN I.

Rimose with narrow apertures.

Rostellate (lid) with short beak. -

Rostrate with long beak.

Rugose wrinkled.

Secund turned to one side.

Serrate with teeth as a saw. ———

Serrulate with smaller teeth. dd

pe

— 407 —

Setaceous bristle-like.

Sinuolate not wholly entire.

Sinuous crenulate at walls.

Squamiform like a scale.

Strangulate strongly constricted
below mouth.

Striate with fine furrows.

Strumose with a swelling below.

Sub-; nearly (subovate nearly ovate).

Subulate awl-shaped.

Suleate grooved.
Terminal placed at top. .
Tomentose with soft matted hairs.
Truncate transversely cut above.
Tumid, turgid swollen.
Umbraculiform as an umbrella.
Wing: border of leaf-base, prolon-
ged on stem; (in Polytrichacee)
prominent part of lamina; (in
Niedontanut) sti PU appendage.

dai i of pleurocarpous genera or specs,

Asmoebüium- .-. 7. ., a

AME CPUS $ 9 20
Amblystegium ; 121, 127—130
Spod 1"... 14
SEEN... v4 ‘44, 46
Brachythecium collinum .. . 105
ot uU AE
erythrorhizon . . 133
Geneon . a oe
DR Ss Se U
harpidioides . . . . 133
TJudihensé :. . .-. X IDA

lamprochryseum . d
Bigimnpiicàm s. ks a HB
Pirol. ni 4 ba ce
psendo-collinum AEN
pseudo Starkii . . . 100

reflexum, Roellii . . 101
noweahum. . . , . 100
spurio-acuminatum . . 89
DUEEBE S . 7. 109. IO

trachypodium . . . . 100
tromsoénse . . . . 106

Bryhnia ...
Camptothecium . .
Chrysobyum . ..
Copom e > vos
Olimaáclüm «ce.
Oryphea . . PENES
Cylindrotheciam Dp
Entodon expallens . .
Eurhynchium circinnatum
colpophyllum . .
crassinerve . .

L]
We. ow . *.

-—-- Ww. ww Wo» ee

. * LI .

E-ETETECT- ETT 438-

Eurhynchium germanum.. . 111
myosuroides . . . . 36
puerum ooo. + dee
pseudo-serrulatum . . 67
revelstokense . . . . 67

semiasperum . . . . 114
striatulum . | 45
striatum ^. <1, . 40
subintegrifolium . . . 68
Vauéherl 24.5 . . HI

Tadhm uo .-..cuuca o . DB
Routfastial "3 7. 5. "VD
Héléodontium ^... 1. eo 20

Heterocladium . . . . 47, 49
BamM et en ee EE
Homalothecium . . 88, 90, 92

OUT uadtes dM a ee

Hylocomium. . . $4... -» 194
Hyocomium . . wet vi
Hypnum acuminatum, |
ctun 5 a ae WM
alaskanum . Y. 9
lafeustum . . . . .196
Moori -. . . . . 9
Bolenderi . . . . . 102
Boseli 255r . 124
brevifolium ~ . . ..130
californicum. `. 1552 À Mi

cealoosiense . . + -. #5
chloropterum . . . . 94
coloradense ... »

Dudini? . aitaiumi
Fitzgeraldi . . . . 120
flaecum .. . wows 128

— 408 —

) Page Page

Hypnum flexuosum . » 130 | Hypnum: (Limnobiu 79,68
^ Formianum . :.128 | Isopterygium . evanida
fuvum . . . i073 | Leptodon +- app
Haldanei . 122 | Leskea algarvica . 57
Heufleri. ... . 137 Austini . - 46
bispidulum . 120 cyrtophylla «49
homalostegium 48 denticulata . .. 24

: hygrophilum . 121 Kegelii . . 65
Jacquini . 102 leta . nni:
Kegelii 65 nervosa . . : 23
Krausei . . 105 pallescens . . 137
lentum . 97 papillosa . 49
Lescurii . 19 pilifera . MY
Lorentzii 64 | pulvinata "e
Macounii 135 rupestris Aem
meridionale 41 tristis 11,28
micans Ilo c Ww Wollei sw Ae
microcarpum . . . . 63|Meteoium . . . . . . . 21
Muehlenbeckii . . . 119 | Myurium `. a) WEPT et
nemorosum .. . . . 123 | Neckera 15, 20, 22, 31, 151
Nove Anglie. . . . 94|Orthothecium awe coc
obtusifolium . . . . 98| Pilotrichum D. «1
occidentale. . . . . 48/ Plagiothecium . . . . 119, 120
oedipodium ^. . . .100| Pseudoleskea. 11, 26, 48, 49, 57

, Oxyelàdou .'. 7. E a | Pirdpohinm OCR qon UT
~ pallescens . . . 137, 188 | Ptychodium . . . 51—54
panum. o A I Eola OROT t2 oe
purum, Schreber . . 42| Raphidostegium. "Wepr mt)
Sommerfeltii . . . . 190 | Rhynchostegium 63, 64, 103, 104
striatulum . . . . . 88 |Scleropodium = 99,99, 117
striatum . . . . . 40} Scorpiurium . . . .', . . 88
tenellum . . . . . 02|Stereodon . . . 61, 74, 196—138
Waghornei. . . . . 138| Thamnium I e E
Wrighti ee Ud VE. | Theodena animos Olea c

Index of families.

A. Pleurocarpous.

1. Cryphæaceæ. 2. Anomodontaces. 3. Fabroniacem. 4. Ptero-
bryacem. 5. Neckeraces. 6. Leptodontacesm. 7. Meteoriacer. 8. Hoo

keriacem. 9. Leskeaces. 10. Entodontaces. 11. Olimaciacesm. 12. Thui- $

diaceæ. 18. Hypnaceæ. 14. Fontinalaceæ.

B. Acrocarpous. oslg

15, Schistostegaceze. 16. Eustichiaces. 17. Polytrichacese. 18. Geor-
giacex. 19. Fissidentaces. 20. Splachnacesz. 21. Dicranacese. 22. Seli- -
geriacez. 23. Grimmiacem. 24. Weisiacez. 95. Calymperaces. 26. En-
ealyptacez. 27. Orthotrichaces. 928, Meeseacer. 29. Cinclidiacese.
30. Bartramiaces. 31. Funariaces. 32. Bryaceer . 33. Buxbaumiaces. —
34. Andreæaceæ. 35. Bruchiacez. 36. Voitiaces. 37. Physcomitrellaces. —
38. Phascacez. iini :

ee ET ERE een Wen TERIS Les EAP eRe TT RR OU ee Da Pee INE e

Synonyms

Acaulon ..
Amphoridium

J Anodus. .

Anomobryum

" Aongstreemia

Aschisma .
Atrichum . ©.
‘Barbula. «& -
Bartramia .

B

o EO ae

of acrocarpous genera or species.

Pege

, HOS
. 816
OBL
DP 09:850
42191
prova
. 153—156

247—972, 278, 291

. 897, 898

Bryum . .319, 345, 346, 362, 363

Calymperes
Campylopus .
Ceratodon .
Cynodontium .
Desmatolon .
Dichodontium

.

Dicranodontium .

Didymodon
Distichium .
Entosthodon .

. Epipterygium

Eucladium .
Glyphocarpus

Glyphomitrium

Grimmia . .
Gymnostomum
Gyroweisia

Hymenostomum:

Hyophila .
Leptobarbula .

bL

Leptobryum . .

Leptotrichum

Macromitrium

. 176, 188—190
. quudsitosgep
. ."1:906, 210
252 —959, 277, 282
190, 191, 202

; . i 966
> «posses

. 831, 382, 835
ALLS 94 B07
Rey
piu ooi gap
oiling gis

. . 986, 244
: 261, 288
289, 290
; . . 986
A 289
so BU ino
ET
177—181, 203
í ovid

Metzleria ..
Mildeella .
Mnium .
Molendoa ..
Oligotriehum .
Oncophorus .
Oreoweisia -.
Orthopyxis
Pharomitrium
Philonotis .
Pleuroweisia .
Pleurozygodon
Pogonatum ..
Pohlia

Pottia 3
Ptychomitrium
Racomitrium -.
Schistidium
Sphærangium
Stableria . .
Stylostegium .
Systegium. .
Tetraphis .
Tetrodontium
Timmiella .
Tortula .
Trichodon .

Trichostomum 25

Ghota € «. &
Webers. . -
Woisia . — -
Zhrá - =

Corrections and additions. -

Eoo

e

.

la

.

.

Page
e967
iUnm'desra 95
321, 335, 345
. ODIT
. . 156, 164
182, 191, 211
. Sioned
pugtu TO
b UU IM
0917
x ¿817
. 157—160
. 320, 347

. . .

"972, 284, 985, 289

- . 241—243

1—954, 273—281

. . 305—308
. 949
vio

pod B19

e M rye .

Page 49, ]. 27: segments us. split; p. 92, 1. 41—42: pedicel rough; -
p. 94, L 14: Amer. N. Foundl: Waghorne; p. 119, 1.-34: alar cells large;

p. 138, 1. 24: Capsule small oblong pale, finally whitish; teeth very pale;

segments hyaline; p. 161, 1. 14: cell of lamella; p. 164, 1. 23: Leaves,

entire; p. 180, Il. 40: L

Waghorne.

eaves of sterile shoots; p. 335, l- 23: N. Foundl:

— 410 —

Index of acrocarpous genera. "
Page Page
QUOI TIMENS o 165.
su PHL RE 3u-LeivnonuD o 8B
: pS | GODODDIN: 2.5. Mus EE
DET DIEA V o9. ovo MB
. Anoectangium . . . . LOMA omm o . x... eant EN
Aongstremia . Fs 4T | Haplodon . . . muibnodg t e.
AMeheserADA -ronde [i:beptotbeea . > . . .- oM

AIO. V IU x

Amblyodon . ..... .
Anacdla . 4... s. .
duisi...

7 2 ^ * »^

Archidium . . NP. dancohryum. =. | sr petinnsch IR:
Aulaeomnium . . AN üeucolepip — uerit la
r NES S.N 245 | Macromitrium . . . . . . B13
eS S. sv . eiu KO Mee: -— 9 0 e dee S
íi ny HEP | Meroyan sio. ve. oo nl
Bartramiopsis . . vos: A66 | Mielighhoferja . . . ..-. ae
Blindia, Brachydontium 213,204 Maium: 555 045.0 5. + aoe
Brachystelium . . - » 241 | Nanomitrium .
ENSE — S ee Octoblepharum, Oedipadiam .
Bruchia . . . . . ,.... 895 | Oligotrichum i
NWM C. . 5... vu a ee Oncophorus .

Bexheemé 59 2 - s. 2880 Oka o. S20. .
Galyperes . . uswssoss 298 Osnhodontium .......

Campylopus. . . ... . . 202] Orthotrichum . `. ~ kob
Sempylosteijur so anibi RAD Beidel: 3 . 3. i 4.
Catharinea ‘so siplygetendiee IMMEBERE. S. |, qas
Catharjnella Ie hcl. cr AP ee uit gt. = o. o aei
Wetoscopinm =... cues a BO Physcomitrella. . ....
Oeratodon . . . . . . . 268| Phyeeomitrium. . . . s
Gnau ooo .... on Fiutobrym ©...’ Gain
Ginclidotys . ; . saco BRE Pleuridium í taitilur
dünomirium — 2... Lodo AR Pelyiehum .. ... » 2
Conostomum . . . . .... 879 | Pottia . (CU mino

Oescinodon . . . . ... . f$M0|Peiloplum . . . . .
Crossidium . . . i

* «O15 8T | Pherygoneuron > onion
Ognodontium . * o 4 *whaMe dewramidula . . . . . ah
Dermatodon . : 282 | Racomitrium . . -kindad
Dialytrichia . : 291 | Rhabdoweisia . . . . :

Dicbodontium . . . . . , J85 Rhizogonium . D eu
Dames. see Rhodobryum, Roellia . 346
Dieranoweisia . . . . . . 909 Schistostega Fae,

Digranim =... . .. . . IM Peete ^
Didymodon .. . . .,.. M Beet e

Diphyscium . 60:0 991] Seligeria . EU

Discelium 5 "nof 505 9. CP eee, . s S 2

90... i. li d ke y WAL Syrrhopodon. . sT
Dieiichiun:cin his. eer a 126 Tayloria, Tetraplodon . 113,
Ditriebum Blsg inch JS l RIMDE oss. Kk Eg

Dremmondis ta! suaka 243.) Trematodon ... « «.» is
Enealypta >.. + +)» TA | Trochobryum «+ e
Ephemeridium. . POE MVOHI a Qux o. ee
Ephemerum . , nois S991 WOBR. o o. 2 13
EuWCODR.. c. » SDSL Seen . . X

NC * » >
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