FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS. 


FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS: 


A DESCRIPTION 


OF THE 


- PLANTS OF THE AUSTRALIAN TERRITORY. 


BY 
GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S., 
ASSISTED BY 


BARON FERDINAND VON MUELLER, C.M.G., E.R.S., 


GOVERNMENT BOTANIST, MELBOURNE, VICTORIA. 


VOL. VL 


THYMELEZ TO DIOSCORIDEX. 


PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SEVERAL GOVERNMENTS 


LONDON : 
L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 


1873. 


TY P e MET vereque ee eee 
- 


CONTENTS. 


en ee 


Uonsracris or DR Dep 005 Oe a IIS. P 
Order UV, humile o. uo. Lupo ae ee ee de ln We CUR 
OV ti SERN S A 9o QUA A ELSE oun ru e AN 

VII NEMINEM X70... o 7 VN) LS. TAM 

CUR, Baci. ei ioc cite see S e E 
DID S com PT 

OR, Cuan aa LR Xo ac M C E 
ee 01 127.2 NT T xTM NE 
CAIL Sruth o oa Sais oe MORS vos o» S 
CALIL RE . oz. 3 4a o ua mod ina ME 
"OV: BUM. a ed ss 2H 
CAN Dene 4 3 9. s $8 s 281 
ORR We a a 
Rt a i ee 248 

: Mowéoorvespom «6. s 309 50097401 UNE 
CXVIII. Hydrocharidem . . Eu d 2595 2:0 ua DD 
CXIX. Scitaminez Cue. Sa oa sca cc M 
UAS QE . e XA uA DEM. CI oW ox il. eos MEN 
Van DU d... o aos iss. s rs: 
CARIL Inis o o y Quem e or ro ros E 
eR AM ... oe. e. —. i. IE 
POLSEN, Laoco Q4 o uere «oh oho oos RF NE 
COON i. s. ooo ox orc . 4 


326853 ` 


c 
- 


jae 


[3.6 757 


CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS CONTAINED IN 
THE SIXTH VOLUME. 


Crass I. DICOTYLEDONS. 
SuBCcLAss III. MONOCHLAMYDELZE. 


(Continued from Vol. V.) 


an nd ^ € within the base of the perianth, 1- ierg defer with 
gas. ù W. Style simple but not oblique. Flowers mostly ıphrodite. 
Y A 
CV. TnvwELEx. Ovule pendulous. Hairs silky or spreading. Bark stringy. 
CVI. Evza EX. Ovule erect. Perianth contracted over the otherwise free ovary. 
.. Indumentum scur 
**** Flowers strictly unisexual, very rarely polygamous. Perianth present, at 
least in one of the sexes es, usually small and sometimes double, Ovary superior. 
-OVIL Nerenrnacex. Ovary 3- or 4-celled, with many ovules in each cell. Seed 
. albuminous. Scandent shrubs. Leaves ricum E in pitchers. 


pendulous ovules fien ach cell, and as many ug P or stigmatic M tendit as cells. 


wee oven I-celled, with 1 ovule, and 1 or 2 oblique styles or uni- - 
lateral Poe Albumen usually scanty. Stamens opposite the perianth lobes. 
Á* Perianth none besides small bracts. 
CX. CasuaARINEX. Bracts 2 or 4in decussate pairs. Tre ees or shrubs with jointed 
. stems and br — bare Bol a whorl of teeth at each joint. Male flowers in 
catkins, — in c 
PERITÆ Bact 1 under each flower. Herbs, shrubs or trees, with articu- 
esd branches and flat leaves. Flowers in spikes, racemes or heads, hermaphrodite or 
. unisexual. 


**Txx* Ra pano s 
t CSIL Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth with an oblique or 
. valvately lobed tea, Verre Pear ew base of the style. Ovary 3- or 6-celled, with 
Several ovules in each cell. Herbs or climbers. 

XIII LIFERE. Flowers miere Perianth small, various. Ovary 1- to 
Trees o "hr vem 1 or 2 ovules in each cell. Nuts sated on or enclosed in an involucre 

_ Trees or s 


Btpens opposite the lobes. Ovary wiih pendulous ovules rarely 
Spicnons till after fecundation. Drupe i in ehissent? Shrabe, pies oe a : 
Fleshy scapigerous leafless root-p lowers uni- 


sexual, small, in dense terminal heads or spikes. Perianth- 5 ee deo Stamens 3. 
Ovary L of 2-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule in each cell. 


vil CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS. 


SuscLass IV. GYMNOSPERMJE. 


Flowers strictly unisexual, without perianths. E : or more sessile on. 
e-like connectives or scales of a catkin or cone. Ovules in the axils or Ec 4 
scales of a cone or a fle shy cup or receptacle without any niei 


CX VI. ME Branching trees or shrubs, with needle-like or i enti 
leaves or scales. Stamens in catkins with scale-like connectives, bearing 2 
anther-cells. 

CXVII. Cycapx. Trunks woody, usually simple, with a palm-like crown of | 
pinnate leaves. Anther-cells numerous on the concealed under side of the scale: 
a large cone. 


Crass II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 


Stem not van ba ev into pith, wood and bark, but when perennial, consisting 
karera of = rregularly im mbedded in cellular — with a y sihi 
tside. s with one cotyledon, the embryo undiv the iis ME deve 
from a she RN like 6 cavity on one side, Leaves br ig or UR aud p rallel vi 
nts pinnate and crowning the undivided stem 


ry inferior 
EU ^ MUN Aquatic plants with regular mostly —r flow 
o al m 
X. SorrAwIN Flowers irregular, one or M or all but one of the stan 
d to pear steer or es Seeds album À 
cHIDEÆ. Flowers irregular, only dé i oe f the stamens PC 
inserted on the style. Seeds minute, with a ho omogeneous embryo. Inflo 
cen 
- Bunwarsisces. Flowers regular. Anthers nearly sessile, the cells sep 
Seeds minute, with a homogeneous nsn Inflorescence centrifugal. Leav 
flattened or pyle to scales. 
CXXII. Imre. Flowers regular or nearly so. Anthers open ing ou 
albuminous. Inflo sree aii ifu ngal al ‘Leaves € ally n or te: 
CXXIII.  AxARYLLID Flowers regular or nearly so. rs open 
Placentas axile. Seeds albuininoea: ' Taboa ‘centripetal, bu chie: 
veinlets when poe transverse. 
C lowers regular or nearly s Anthers opening 
Placentas parietal, “Seeds albuninous Inflorescence ciati (n "c 
radical, large, often divi 
din he Tow rs small, unisexual, regular. Anthers op 
Seeds albuminous. Stems usay twining. Leaves alternate, veinlets 


FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS. 


Orpen CV. THYMELEA, 


Flowers agree or rarely dicecious. Perianth simple, tubular 
or campanulate, 4-lobed or in genera not Australian 5-lobed, usually 
regular, the lobes imbricate in the bud, with the addition in man 
genera not Australian of small Fera d alternating ` with the lobes at 
their base. Stamens barmai 2 pene s many as the lobes of the 
erianth or twice any; filamen iis: inserte d^ in the throat or 
within the tube ; scthers a with 2 aralet cells opening longitudinally. 
Ovary free within the base of the perianth, 1- or rarely 2-c elled, with 1 
or rarely 2 or 3 pendulous vest ovules. Style simple, with a 


. album mbryo Higit with a superior radicle.—Shrubs trees or 
| rarel ‘tebe with a stringy M Leaves alternate or opposite, always 
simple and entire. Flower in bis or axilary clusters cum 


| A considerable Order, E distributed over r most parts of the globe. 
= Stamens 2. Perianth-lobes 4 . 1. PIMELEA. 
1 Stason 4, nem dh with the perianth- lobes. Densely tufted pro- 
strate shrub . 2. DRAPETES. 
Stamens ed as many as s perianth- lobes. Shrubs or small trees. 
| d lled, with 1 ovule. PPS scales 4, free or united 
in 3. WiksTRÜMIA. 
Ovary "2-celled, with 1 ovale i in each cell. _ Hypogynous iles 

ited in a short cu cup . 4. PHALERIA. 


1. PIMELEA, Banks and Soland. 


(Thecanthes, Wikstr.; UN RU aprire dmi ii and Calyptrostegia, 
Perianth tubular, with a spreading or rarely erect 4-lobed limb, LI 

_ out scales but often slightly thickened or folded round the throa 

1 — 2 inserted in the throat appodita the 2 outer perianth-lobes, 

1 d^. 


* 


2 CV. THYMELEJE. [ Pimelea. — 


No hypogynous scales. Ovary l-celled, with 1 pendulous ovule. Style 
Veg attached to one side of the ovary immediately below the 3 
spe Fruit a small drupe, with a membranous or succulent epicarp, - 

e Waddie nut-like, crustaceous, often hooked at the top. Seed pen- - 
iius with a membranous testa; albumen scanty or copious ; = 1 


white Er. or ! follows, often silky-villous. 


The genus is limited to Australasia, comprising, besides the Australian species, one 1 
of which is also from New Zealand, nine others confined to New Zealand. [ 


Glab: Uus 


oe 1. Thecanthes. —Involucral — united into a 4-lobed cup. Perianth-tube 4 


br. 
Towlueil 1 lobes very broad, shorter than the entire part, usually 
ith 


forked veins 1. P. punicea. 
Involucral inci reaching to about the middle, with the midrib 
one prominen 
lioli k lobes very broad. Filaments twice as long as ’ 
the perianth-lobes. Flowers white 2. P. concreta. 


—€— : acute. Vim ens ood shorter than ‘the 
pes . Flowe 3. P. cornucopia. 
rre "e obes reaching ux to the base, several-nerved an 
longe Filaments much s than the 
ns iui x n Flowers red . 4. P. sanguinea. 


Sect. 2. Empimelea.— Znvolucral bracts free, like the stem-leaves or rasia 
oader. A ap epg silky-villous, not circumsciss.—. 
t 


y Oppos 
Stem and leaves glabrous. Involucral bracts rather broader 
than the stem-leaves. 

Toutes under j in. long. Perianth- "pue 2 x s E o. . 5, P. alpina. 

Leaves mostly above $in. Perianth-tube about 4 in 6. P. longifolia. 
Stem and under-side of the leaves i upper side gla- 

bro volucral bracts like the stem-leaves . P. cinerea. 
Stem and [n on both sides pre's MET silky. Tavolueral 

bracts like ps OPH 8. P. Milligan. 
(43. P. leptost. the — circumscis: but ‘the 

flowers in a M oet acis and the leaves asd rae ) 


Sect, 3. Heterolæna. ee bracts free, much broader than the lea 
pote ihe not circumsciss —Shrubs. Leaves E job flat (not concave, 
or with the margins recurved or Pu. Species ail West 
Leaves oblong or lanceolate, acute or mucronate, d to above 1 in. 
long. Perianth-tube above j in. long, with ng d 
purs the upper part with short appressed ps .. 9. P. spectalilis. 
Leaves of P. spectabilis but shorter and. less cute. Perianth- 
M be with only a few scattered hairs above the pag babe on 
nes 10. P. Lehmanniana. 
Leaves Sister shorter broader Y more obtuse.  Involucral 
y bra with coloured margins. Perianth- tube 4 to 6 


es E. 9354 hispida, 
emm oblong linear or lanceolate, mostly, sents the margins 
~ much recurved. Perianth-tu er $ in.:»lon . 12. P. rosea. 
8 ovato or oblong, get rok: in. xmas the e margins 
urved. Perianth-tübe under 4 in i pea Fori 


- Pimelea.] CV. THYMELEX. 9. 


Leaves narrow, 2 to 3 lines long, the margine maoh poa. 

Perianth-tube 2 to 24 lines long . . 14. P. brachyphylla. — 
. (16. P. brevifolie, with small concave one seems aes to ates 
the perianth- -tube scarcely circumsciss. i: 


1 Seer. 4. 4. Calyptrostegia.— Flowe rodite o r in some specimens female 
| by abort ion. Perianth-tube yu fowering C bm in P: leptonit — 
. above the ovary, leaving the lower portion only persistent round the fruit.  Anther. 

P. nma a narrow connective, the cells very distinct and after they open placed back to 


- Sussecr. 1. Calyptridium.— Flower-heads terminal, with 4-6 broad — in- 
p bracts.—Shrubs (or one species a. hard annual? ) with opposite leaves 


.. _* Western species. nn gs flat or concave, ed as well as the Driade. 
: Cotyledons Bé hh 

Involucral bracts all gl febrotx i 
. .— Perianth pede e. (txultaio adi unio eos cos 15. P. sylvestris. 


Perianth m more o 


per 16. P. brevifolia, 
tenes narrow wid nA ateral veins, Hairs of the perianth 
shes and Te. in the u pper ante with or without 


4 preading ones lower down . 17, P. Maxwelli. 
- Inneri ive oral bracts aniar d inside. 
|. Leaves air " or lanceolate. rsistent portion of the 
perianth very densis hispid JT portion villous 
with a 
Bracts scarcely Tutia, much shorter than the pirianth, 
Leaves mostly linear 18. P. angustifolia. 
B ind — umi j ` nearly as long as the. pe- 


nate 
Leaves mostly lanceolate . 19. P. nervosa, 
Leaves os M oblong or broadly je: AP Flower-heads 
nodding. 
Perianth valky- villous throughout, hairs of the lower part 
ovary often lon - but scarcely spreading. 
hive ed acuminate . . . 20. P. sulphurea. 
Bracts herbaceous, aback inate. ` Flower-heads la 
priv gms portion of the perianth very densely 
. P. floribunda. 
Peria: ae with long spr reading hairs in the lower part. ‘Brac e^ 
large, obtuse, thin. and coloured, but not concealing the 
. 22. P. suaveolens, 
Peri int , glabrous i in the lower pert, the long narrow-linear 
lobes hairy. Brac ling large, obtuse, colo edi com- 
Lon west ae LN flowe ; . 23. P. physodes. 


ern species.— CDM Seis «|i diode giro Uri) the stem. 
lon usually broad. 
glabrous at the base, bei sped. Hairs of 
“the ETE verg long . . 24, P. glauca, 
banat ae eto Hairs of the rece tacle. short, 
MR very concave. Involucral bracts acu- 

mi oil 25. P. colorans. 

lacs mostly ing, obtuse. Bracts sca reely acumin 


Leav or rominent marginal or submarginal " 
Pad €—€— hg ower-heads erect. s age aer 
with a pro rominent midri ib . 26. P. collina. 


Leaves E eomm marginal veins. Bracts largo 
and thin . | TE HT 


z CV. THYMELER. [Pimelea. - 


*** Eastern species.— Glabrous silky-hairy or tomentose. Leaves flat or with 
margins more or less recurved. Cotyledons usually broad. 
Brarches and leaves glabrous. 


Leaves narrow, under 1 in. lon $ . 28. P. linifolia. 
long or broad, above 1 n. lon P. ligustrina. 
Branches silky-hairy. Leaves iia or r loosely silky-hairy BO. il 
h d underside of the leaves silve P. sericea 


Branches and underside of the leaves ees: jek wiles a o8. ee TARE 


SussEcr. 2. Phyllolena. ose eus with numerous involucral bracts 
ndo. than the leaves.— Western 
poe mostly compe glabrous or Side iste e Pe- 


f 
anth-lobes s i i 33. P. imbricata. 
iod mostly posl, ‘villous. Perianth very hispid, “the lobes 
longer than the . 34. P. villifera. 
Sussect. 3 pes tachys.—J lowers.in. clusters pre or racemes, without 
volucres, or the bra rox broader ste the leaves and ver m ciducus. Leaves flat 
with slightly Sd nh — Eastern or tropical spec | 
Leaves 


Flower sti cad axillary, small. Fruit re suc- r 
culen I CBE drupacea. ` 

Flowe A arge, red, i in'a terminal dense s spi ike heematos 

Flowers bad small, in terminal clusters or spikes. "Plant 


abrou 
Leaves mo mostly "Mead Flower-clusters lengthening into 


37. P. spicata. 
Lanes moais pent or ovaie-lanceclate, Flower-clusters 
not len worm ing 88. P. filiformis. 
Leaves mostly alternate, silky-villo 
ppr as broad, 14-3 in. ads ‘Flowers tris “Ce 


erianth 3—4 lines long ae 39. P. latifolia. 
Leaves linear. Perianth not 2 lines Tong.” 
Fruiting spike shortly capitate . . . a E E Qo 
Fruiting spike long and rini qs 
h-hairs silky a c 
ri 


Peri 
— Aide glabrous or ehir ei skye Fruiting spike long 
interrupted. ` Perianth small, not circumsci 


are open poser età to rom guine boli iir after flower 
circumsciss above the ovary, the ortion persistent round the somewhat suc 
fruit and almost ndáits to it. s -silky-villous or hairy.— Western species 
Flower-clusters all sessile and axi oie ene i. 44. P. argentea. 
Flower-clusters terminal or on xi pud peduncles - We . P, clavata. 

Secr. 6. Dithalamia.—F'lowers sient strictly — Male perianth 
slender " anthers with a narrow v Ard Oe distinct, and after 
are o back to back; or en en Fe p 


ih 


pen 
wholly persistent with a ie. div ided to £^ e ovary, or 
and tary circumsciss. Fruit not at all, or slightly succulent. 


m iin all axillary 
Lateral veins of the leere very diverging. Male perianth- 
tube 1 to 14 lines long . 46. 
teral veins nearly parallel to the midrib. Male ‘perianth- 
tube 4 to 5 lines long . 47. P. 


Pimelea.] CV, THYMELEJE. 5 


Flower-clusters terminal, or in the forks. 
Lea ra int lanceolate, x i to 1 in. ae, 
more or less silky eos. . 48. P. microcephala. 
icons quite glabrous. . . 49. P. pauciflora. 
Leaves oblong, with recurved margins, 2 to 4 lines long . . 50. P. elachantha. 
Leaves small, ovate, coriaceous, less conc 
use or very much branched Ho. vlna gig y Rua. 


SEP py 
clustered, qui ie dla abrous as well as the leaves . 52. P. serpyllifolia. 
Erect, shortly di aio shrubs. Flowers silky-villous. 
mostly de use. Female perianth. tube not Minis 
nie e ov ‘ . P. flava. 
Leaves diy d iis; ` Female perianth-tube ' pro PE To 
above the ovary esi sometimes tardily circumsciss. . 54. P. petrophila. 


Src Epallage.—Flowers hermaphrodite or more or = diæcious. Perianth- 
| tube easily circumsciss after flowering, leaving the lower portion persistent round the 
m fruit. Anthers rather flat, with a broad dorsal connective, the cells closely par on 
the inner face the whole anther usually rolled tee ii floweri ing. Flowers in clusters 
or heads, rarely solitary, or in dense oblon 

. Flowers strictly dicecious. Leaves alternate, ir silk dies. 

Flowers solitary in the upper axils. Female periant pe A 


silky-villous 5. P. Bowmanni. 
ow usters. Femal ` perianth with the peii 
portion clothed with very long s xmi hai 
perianth shortly and equally — nd cant - 86. P. ammocharis. 
Flowers herma ite, or on some speciniens 


male. 
Softly villous plants. Flowers small, eme 2 or rarely 4, 
unequal and deciduous. 
Hairs appressed. Leaves mostly oblong, rarely 4 in. long . 57. P. curviflora. 
Hairs sean à Leaves _ — petiolate, un er 


in. lon ; . 58. P. hirsuta, — 
Hairs 2 ‘spre readi ing. R^ ovate or “oblong, à to 1 
owers rather lar; . 59. P altior. 


T y villons, or eb dm arl Eak plants, involucra bracts 
ral, not much bra er than the le 
Leaver flat, the midrib scarcely srona Eranti ' Bracts usually 
nu 


us. 

Filaments shorter than the corolla. . . . . . . . 60. P. octophylla. 

Slamonts pde than t Pe corolla 61. P. petrea. 

aves erect, concave the midrib prominent "under- 
th. Bracts stall about 
Leaves small (under j in.) iR -— aise Mi. n P. phylicoides. 
en ne 4 to near 4 in. long, narrow oblon, Sus . P. Eyre. 
LM mos tly a about 4 in. long . 31 P. longiflora. 

Stem and ALT glabrous, coded concave. Bracts (4 to 6) 


much tirtadee rives the le 
Leaves narrow, cor iacens, jan Perianth circumsciss ! 
above the o 
Flow ats gone Rogers, Perianth equally "n : 
vill . 65. P. stricta. 
Flower-heads usually erect. ` Perianth with long more 


spreading hairs in the low P. Preissii. 
Leaves broad, 1 to 14 in. deed rest at length spicate, . 
Bracts ve very deciduous. Perianth not circumsciss . . 67. P. Holroydi. 


.. P. grandiflora, Don. Hort. Cantab., and P. prinifolia Nois, quoted in Steude’s 
Honc are garden names which cannot now be identified. 


6 ‘CV, THYMELEJE. | Pime 


Sect. 1. TuEgcaANTHES.—Involueral braets united into a 4-lobed eU 
ER hermaphrodite. Perianth glabrous, the aue not circumsciss 
Glabrous ap with ue or alternate lea 


1. P. punicea, R. Br. An erect rid slight 
branched annual ol $ to 1 ft. repe eddy Mte lanceolate, 
ute or mucronate, about 1 in. long. ower-heads on a rather ] 


erect terminal peduncle le; thickened at he ji Involucre broadly 
binate, 6 to 8. lines diameter, divided to below the middle into 4 b 
obtuse lobes, marked with forked veins, the two outer ones often sligh 
dilated pes overla ping the others at the base. Flowers red, m 
exserted. isis on very short conical pedicels within the inv 
luere at or near Pits base, the tube about 3.lines long, the lobes abo 
l line. Filaments about half the length of the lobes; anthers oblo 
with a narrow connective. Epicar AE Vi eM with a sci 
albumen and broad cotyledons.—Meissn. in DC. . xiv. 407; E 
"Ieonogr. t. ll. | Thecanthes punicea, Wikstr. i in nee R. Acad. Stock 


mucronate and the Tu veins of the involucre are not so prominent as isi the bs 
ar. bre pus Involucres $ in. diam., the flowers exceedingly n 
— Sandstone fied Up Mond ge r an and. Hooker's and Sturt’s Creeks, 
Mueller ; Purdie's Ponds, hia * Douall 
P. concreta, F. Muell. Fragm. v.73. A glabrous Hints 
m habit. ina foliage of P. punicea, but the peduncle in the onl; 
seen shorter than the last leaves and the —— white. Inve iu 
broad; divided to about the middle into 4 bt oad obtuse or sca 


acuminate obes, veinless except t ichtly conspicuous. 
erianths much exserted, the tub pea 3 lines long, the 1 
and obtuse, scarcely ? line nd: NA s at least twice as. long à: 


the lobes, with small oblong ant 
N. Australia. Camden Harbour, N xc Coast (Herb. F. Mueller). 


3. rnucopie, Vahl. Enum. i. 305. An erect glabrous 
stiff annual of about 1 ft, Leaves alternate or the — — oppo 


to ag = middle into broad acute lobes, with the midribs alone co 
spicu Flowers numerous, usually whitish, on short lat 
pedioels within the involucre at or near its base. Perianths scai 
uding beyond the involucral lobes, the a: tube about 2 
Durs circumsciss after flowering short rtly a e the ovary, the 
small and obtuse. Filaments s very short ; arcc ovate, wi with | 
connective. Epicarp oru Ped with a scan al 
broad emer Br. Prod. 359; Meissn. in DC. in 
! Thecanthes ucopie, Wikstr. in DA R. Acad. Stockh. 181 
Calida o cornucopia, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. = 60. 


Pimelea.] CV. THYMELEJE. 7 


Endeavour river, Banks and Sola bee A, Cunningham ; P. rtis, 
Key ppel EE p Shoalwater Bay, Broad Sound, Æ. Brown; Cape York, premna d Port 
zala urdekin river, Bowman; AE a and Rockingham Bay, 

Thozet and othe: 


u 
long, the lobes scarcely above 3 line and obtuse. Stamens shorter than 
the lobes, with the short anthers of P. cornucopi. 

Queens land. Upper Roper river, F. Mueller ; Cape river, Bowma 

A specimen from — flats, Moant King, Glenelg district, Martin, referred by 

Mueller, Fragm., o P. sanguinea, with the evidently red flowers of that 
species, has the habit. and involures of P. cornucopie ; but it is insufficient to deter- 
mine sakea its affiniti 

EUPIMELEA.—[Involucral bracts free, like the stem leaves, 
orra ther buie Flowers Agric ant the opa not cir-- 
wh 


concave detti usually opposite 
To this section belong the several New Zealand oae of Pimelea. 
DC. Prod. xiv. 511, A low much- 


or floral leaves rather broader than the qose Receptacle, shortly 
villous. Flowers hermaphrodite, but in some measure dimorphous, 


ilico back s back or ne 
Victoria. ong mountains, Albert rt Range, mounts dne on mo Latrobe, 
Bawbaw and Cobborne mountains at an elevation of 4000-6000 . Mue 


6. P. longifolia, Banks and Sol.; Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 516. 
An erect much-branched shrub of 2 ft., glabrous except the inflorescence, 
and often a minute tuft of hairs on the apex of each leaf. Leaves 
opposite, sessile, crowded, lanceolate, flat or nearly so, green or ee 
3 to l in. lo: mg in Moore's specimens; but often much larger in 
Zealand o Flower-hea terminal, sessile gens a few fiel nud 


8 CV. THYMELEJ. [ Pimelea: 


a , but the 
cotyledons broad.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 509; P. Gunnii, Hook. £c 
Fl. Tasm. i. 339. | ( 

Tasmania. Mount Wellington (Table mountain), R. Brown, A. Cunningham, 
Guhn ; South Port, C. Stuart. d 

F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 8, unites this with P. drupacea, but the perianth is very 
different. ' i 


4 


1 line long. Filaments short; anthers oblong, with a rather bi 
connective, but the cells quite distinct, and at length placed bac 
back. Fruit not seen. td 


Tasmania. Mount Sorrell, at an elevation of 3000 ft., Milligan. 


Szcr.3. HETEROLXNA.—Involueral bracts b 


free, much 
than the stem-leaves. Flowers hermaphrodite, the perianth-ti 


% 


-. Pimelea.] CV. THYMELER. 9 


i a uus albumen and narrow cotyledons.—Shrubs. Leaves 
CREO glabrous, flat Cat concave) or with the margins recurved or 
te 


spectabilis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 33. An erect gett 
attaining sometimes 3 or labrous edt the flowers. Lea 
mostly opposite, rather crowded, linear-oblong or ecm flat o or 


the margins reste recurved, 2 3 to 14 in. long, the uppermost often 
shorter and broader. Flower-heads usually large, globular, siivoja 
by 4 to 6 ovate or ovate-lanceolate bracts, often coloured on the 


: place B to back. Epicarp membranous. Seed with a copious 
. albumen, the embryo ot Siar the cotyledons narrow, longer 
than the radicle.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 504; Bot. Mag. t. 3950 ; 
- Heterolana spectabilis, Fisch. et Mey. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. x. 46; 


| Morren in TR Soc i. Gand, iii. 584, t. 166 (Meis sn.). . 
| W. Aus SES 3rd coll. n. 283, 20^ 5th coll. n. 425; Kalgan and 
E Blackwood fer, ra Oldfield, Franklin river fer Brockman's Brook, Maxw vell. 
3 Pert csi in distant pairs, less acute and p smaller.—King Senet s 
3 mc Mc Lea 
E 10. P. E R in Pl. Preiss. i. 603, ii. 270, and 
- in DC. Prod. xiv. 504. A dd attaining $ or 3 ft., glabrous except 
_ the flowers, closely resembling gome forms of P. spectabilis, but the 
1 foror broader and shorter (4 to 3 in. long i rather rigid), the hairs 
| of the lower portion of the perianth-tube more rigid and not so long, 
1 hd the upper portion sprinkled only with a few often rather long rigid 
| hairs, or glabrous, and not silky-villous; the flowers are also sai aid to 
white, or of a yellowish tint and not pink. The perianth- -tube appears 
: reak off sometimes above the long-haired portion (not circumsciss 
above the iu ed z Calyptrostegia), and the anthers are much smaller 
than in P. spec I have not succeeded in finding any s seeds 
with a ney ped gaa en Lehmanniana, “En en. Pl, 
AR iv. part 2, 61. 
: ustralia. King George's Sound and neighbouring districts, Baxter, Drum- 
mond, oe n. 1271, Oldfield, Maxwell, R. Mueller 


ar.? ligustrinoides. se oblong, i s lin n, long; Flower-heads often nodding. with 

very large involucral bracts.—Swan r, r Drum ond, 1st coll. This form closely 

resembles - ligustrina in foliage, bot i R i tke latter species the hairs of the perianth are 
much and very caducous, and the perianth-tube is decidedly circumsciss imme 


: [diately above ie "m 


| circumsciss. Anthers yim a narrow connective. Seeds where known - 
- wit 


. A. Mey. in Bull. gu. . Petrop. iv. (1845), 74; Pinelea Verschaffeltii, 


i CY. THYMELEZ. | [Pimelea. - 


11. P. hispida, R od. 860. An erect shrub, attaining 9 to 4' | 
» inn apa sahti miee except the infloreseen ce. Leave ves. 3 
i 


g ovate un in 
Uolo. and $ in. long or rather more, sso o or scarcely peti tolit 
flat or the margins scarcely recurved. Flo eads terminal, globular. 


ng p: are the middle and on 
ces nearly as long as the Shee ots oblong with a narro 
connective. The fruit seems to vary, short and Dese eie g a. 
and stipitate within the perianth, the epicarp membra 


t. um riena Pagus, (A. Mey. in Bull Abad eee 


(1845) 73. 
. King eid s Sound and adjoining districts, R. Brown, A. 
bei areal EF. Mello E others 
. lanata, R. Br. Prod. 360, Meissn. in Pl. mlana Y 604, and in DC. Prod. xi 
Calyptrostegia lanata, Endl. Gen Pl. Suppl. iv iv. part 2, 61, appears to be a EG. 
of P. hispida with the leaves usually but not always shorte Mar broader, and the smaller 
perianth breaking off more readily above the middle of the 
12. P. rosea, R. Br. Prod. 300. A much- Mitis shrub, clo 
allied to P. ferruginea, to vidi F. Mueller reduces it as a vari etr. hs 
is of taller growth and more slender. Leaves opposite, be or line 
oblong, often above 4 in. long, with the recurved or revolute mar, 
of P. ginea. Flowers larger than in that species, but of a nla 
structure, pink or white. Involucral bracts 4, broad and membranous, 
n f 


reiss. i, 602, and i 

Prod. xiv. 503; Bot. Mag. t. 1458, and possibly Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 88; 

P. Hendersoni, Grah. in Bot. Mag. t. 8721; Heterolena rosea, C. A. Mey. in 

em Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 73 and H. Hendersoni j, C. A. Me m 
4. 


W. Australia. an River, Fraser, Drum mond, Tof Coll. we MODICUM 
et 1276 ; King ite s Sound or adjoining Mm E Brown, , Fraser, D 
(2nd “coll. 2) n. 110, 166, F. Mueller; Sabina ri 

13. P. eric we men Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 10 As : 


ovate or oblong, hen or ro ar mucronate, rath 


quite glabrous, shorter than the flowers, wi M colat 
like the stem-leaves. Perianth-tube about 4 lines lon not c 


* 


ae CV. THYMELER. 11 


anthers oblong, with a narrow connective, the cells when open placed . 
back to back. Fruit short within the per stint perianth, not acumi- 
nate; epicarp membranous. Seed with copious albumen, the cotyledons 
na cer than the radicle.— P. decussata, R. Br. Pro 360 ; 
Meissn. in PI. Preiss, i. 602, ii. 270, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 502 ; Sweet, 
Fl. Austral. t. Ll Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1283; Maund, Botanist, t 1965 
P. diosmifolia, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1708; Heterolena decussata, C. A. Me ey. 
in Bull. Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 73 

W. Australia. King George's Sound «i adjoining districts, R. Brown, A. Cun- 
ningham, Drummond, 3rd coll. n. 286, Preiss, n. 1272 and many ‘others ; extending to 
Cape Arid, Maxwell. 


14. P. brach; phyla, 3 Benth. An erect much-branched shrub, "- 
under 1 ft. to about 2 ft. high, dero, except the inflorescence . Leave 


recurved ins, from un lines to about 3 lines ong - 
heads small, globular, with an seg eh of 4 to 6 broadly ovate bracts, 
shorter than the flowers, the inner ones slightly silky-hair e. 
Receptacle hirsute. Flowers hermaphrodite o e specime 


dite or in som 

emale. Perianth-tube about 2 to 24 lines long in the hermaphrodite 
flowers, shorter in the female, not circumsciss, more or r less hirsute with 
- spreading hairs. Filaments in the hermaphrodite flowers nearly as long 
—. as the lobes; anthers ovate, with a narrow connective, the cells when 
open placed back to back; in the female flowers the filaments short 
with small empty anthers and the style longer. Fruit small, ovoid, not 
beaked. Seed not seen quite ripe.— P. brevifolia, Mein. in DC. Prod. 
xiv. 497 not of R. Br. 

W. Australia. King George's Sound. and adjoining districts, R. Brown, Drum- 
mond, 5th coll. n. 429, F. F^ Mueller ; ; dense thickets N. of tetadlite Bay, Maxwell. 


Secr. 4. CarvPTRosTEGIA.—Involucral bracts free, various in size 
or number, sometimes very deciduous, purely entirely. deficient. Flowers 
hermaphrodite or in some specimens female by abortion. Perianth-tube 
- «after flowering circumsciss above the ovary, leaving the lower portion 
onl persistent round the fruit. — with a narrow connective, the 
cells when open placed back to bac 

- ^ Supsecr. 1. Oa — i^o OE: terminal, with 4 to 6 broad. persistent 
. involucral bracts. Leaves o 


$ to 2 in. long, more or less concave. Flower-heads mos 
involucel des 4 to 6, ovate-lanceolate, shorter than or as long as 
Receptacle and very short pedicels adir "Perianth riy 
“labial the rin slender, 3 to 4 lines long, circumsciss above the 
‘ovary. Filaments as long as the lobes; anthers narrow-oblong, with a 


19 CV. THYMELEEX. [ Pünelea.- 1 


PME. connective. Epicarp membranous. Seed with a copious alb 
the embryo nearly cylindrical, um narrow cotyledons.—Meissn. 
PL et 605, and in DC. Pro d. xiv. 506; Bot t. Mag. t. 8276; Bot 
Reg. t. 1582; Ladd. Bot. Cab. t. 1965; An cn ostegia sylvestris, t A. 

Mey. in Bull: Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 74; Pimelea graciliflora, Hoo 
Bot. Mag. t. 3288 (with rather broader leaves), Meissn. ll. cc.; Ca 
trostegia pl iflora, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. part 2, ie 
a stralia. King George's Sound, R. S M Preiss, n 1270, Baxter ; S al 

gon 1st coll., n. 551, Preiss, n. 1274; also in Town 2nd coll. 1 

and jr voll & 289. 

osa, F. Muell. Involucral bracts larger and more obtuse Ms the wh 

plant dr pg j^ like the var. tinctoria of P. suaveolens. P. eruginosa, F. 


agm. v 
Ww. ia stralia. Drummond. 


16. P. brevifolia, R. Br. Prod. 359, not of Meissn. A small branchi 
shrub, apparently. 6 in. to 1 ft. high , glabrous except the flow Pine 
opposite, sessile, elliptical oblong or lanceolate, somewhat con 
under $ in. long, usually rather rigid and distinctly penniveined un 
cr | 


; in DC. cxt lyp 
rom nm C. A. Mey. in Bull. Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 74, as to Bro 
synon 
t he SI gies King George's Sound, R. Brown, also in Drummond, 4th € 
n. 

Y mgustifolia. Leaves ` nint but broader than in P. Maxwelli, and di 
aini —Cape Arid, Maxwell 
Var. membranacea. Leaves and bracts much thinner, the latter orbicular — 
nous vae ee —West reece Drummond (Herb. F. 1 
seems doubtful whether the perianth-tube breaks off above 


pe 
after flowering the foliage and habit indicate ini lace of I b aoi in Calyp 
rather than in Heterolen cath rown’s nb ne si escri m a single eee 


smaller hee and d fo than in Drummond's plant, but it seems to 
species, approaching oa to the var. angus tifo lia. 


7. P. Maxwelli, F. a Herb. A shrub with erect : 
branches from under 1 ft. ft. high, glabrous except the 
rescence. Leaves opposite ieee or oblong- lanceolate, under 


way a ) 
- and Bile baie the hairs of the lower Apen pot en 
ing, on the upper portion shorter and more appressed M el 


pu CV. THYMELER. 18 


W. Austr en rdon and Kalgan r rivers, ouis id of King George's 
Sound, Bazter ; at ‘Callam’s Inlet, Esper. e Bay, Jk mne ; also with the perianths 
almost glabrous i in the upper portion, Gardiner river m Cape Arid, Maxwell. 

Some specimens have female perianths only, with iiit preke and long styles; 
in E" all the perianths are hermaphrodite, but both forms of flower appear to be 
tile 


tifolia, R. Br. Prod. 360. An erect fares slender 


hairs not much afe in the persistent than in the dec iduo 8 portion, 
the Lilo abet 1} lines long. Filamen én half a s Tig to nearly 
as long as the lobes; anthers with a iatha broad arimak but the 


. short, but not seen ripe.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 269, and in DC. 
[ Pi. xiv. ET pave the vars. a and 3); Calyptrostegia angustifolia, 
[ C. Bull. Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 74. 

E w. King George's Sound and 7 par - districts, R. Brown, F. 
_ Bauer, Pastor. A. A ODIAN rummond, 3rd n. 287, and pe others ; ed 
. between Moore and Murchison rivers, Vader 6th coll. n d 

. in the Banksian herbarium has the lea perg Voge and the jenidtut p portion of the the 
4 peo ths more densely and longer sky vilous t n the others. R. Brown's own speci- 
. men is a poor one with smaller flowers than 


E 1E osa, M: 1. Preiss. ii. 269, ei in DC. Prod.x 

T 500. An po slightly branched shrub of 1 to 2 ft., glabrous pati 

_ the a nce. Leaves ont linear-lanceolate, concave, j to 
ut n 


neath ion ry. irmte globular, usually larger than in P. 


thers with a narrow connective. Fruit short, not acuminate, 5 
with a copious albumen, and nearly terete Maher the cotyledons nar- 
oC as long as the radicle.— Calyptrostegia nervosa, ae Ann 

4. 


(Q W. Aus ; Drummond; S. Coast i Renters Lake Sapphire, Harper ; perling 
Range, pO Siva’ (with smaller ‘flowers) ; ; M'Callum's Inlet and eastward to Cape Le 


14 CV. THYMELEZ.. [.Pimele 


20. P. sulphurea, Meissn. in Bot. Zeit. t. 1848, 396, and in DC. Prod. xi 
An erect slightly branched shrub of 1 to ? ft., gor except 
ppo 


y spreading, 
narrow, above 1 line long. Filaments nearly as long as e lo h 
when open. Fruit not s 

. Austr river, abies nd, wt coll. n. 549, € n. 1278; Ve 
and — pue Oldfield ; between Swan river and King George's Sou nd, Ha 


Var hala. Leaves narrow, shined bay larger, the inner bracts above 
long we esit puce ciliate.—Blackwood river, Oldfield. Perhaps referable rather 
P. suaveolens. 


n DC. Prod. xiv. 505. Erect, slig 


long as the flowers, the inner ones SE inside; rec 
lous. Flowers hermaphrodite. — M 
i — 


wr Peiwen MONA NEN riv petto coll. n. 214 
dip — Oldfield, C. idi ii 


ens, Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 603, and in DC. Prod. 


1 ft., but attaining 2 or 8 ft. when more i 

flowers. Leaves opposite, from ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lin 
or less concave, mostly $ to 1 in. lo wer-head 

tn bra '8, broad, often as lon the flowers, usual 


Perianth yellow when fres i the tube slen 7 
pe. P above the ovary after flowering, the persistent por 
acuminate and loo LM when in fruit, the deci m) 
clothed at dii base wit i 


| Pimelea.] ‘CV, THYMELEX. 15 


: laced 
. back to . Fruit acuminate, rather long, the e ia membranous. 


- suaveolens, Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. part 2, 61; P. maer ocepha la, Hook. Bot. 
i DN Pleur. t. 76; ; Meissn. bs DO. Pro 


M an an river, bivina det. . 548, Preiss, n. 1268; Giogaplis 
: Bay, Oldfield | King George’s Sound, ores Oldfield, Maxwell, also Drummond, 
bth coll. n. fe 
Lo. Var. tinctoria.. Leaves usuall jx shorter and broader turning bluish in 
_ drying. "P. tinctoria, Meissn. in PI. Preiss. i. 603, an nd in DC. Prod. xiv. 501; Calyp- 
- trostegia tinctoria, Endl. o Suppl. iv. att 2 61. Didi 4th coll. n. 249, 5th 
- coll. n. 427, and Suppl. n. P. Menke Leh i e 
- in DC. Prod. xiv. 503, or "loli tegia cr orc Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. part 2, 61 
_ (Drummond, n. 421) ‘only differs from the ordinary var. tinctoria in the smaller flowers. 


hysodes, Hook. eed ae t. 865. An erect shrub of about 


the out 
q often 2 in. ae term e villous. Perianth- tube about 5 oe 


- linear lobes,which are about 4 lines long. Stamens much e i e 
1 bec: at the irrg” of the tube, with a slightly prominent transvers 
-. fold in the throat, starting from each side ofthe peed of each laments 
anthers narrow, the cells when open placed back to back, Frui 
' a 


| r v 

a Nat. Mose. 1852 , ii. 178. 

7 LE Australi E Mount Barren, Maxwell, and probably the same locality, Drum- 
d, 5th coll. n. 424, and Suppl. n. 84. Notwithstanding the ons rent (C of the 
Besionth and the extraordinary development of the involucre, the to 
parate this plant from the genus which as a whole is so very "ud 


P. glauca, R. i Prod. 360. An erect much-branched shrub, 
Eos i to 14 ft. high alag except the inflorescence. Leaves 


almost linear, so 
er $ in., sometimes r even longer, flat or con- 
cave ic the midrib sed vad cet Flower-heads rit 
involucral bracts usually 4, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, shorter than 

, Sometimes not much, sometimes considerably broader than the 
stem-leaves, the inner ones ciliate on the m margin and more or less silky- 
hairy inside. Receptacle densely jp diy with long hairs, Perianth- 
_ tube 4 to 5 lines long, circumsciss after flowering consiacephiy above 
the ovary, the persistent portion thi pabitin or sprinkled only with 


J 


16 .CV. THYMELEJE. 


hairs, the deciduous ve silky-villous, the lobes onthe 55 lines r 
Filaments usually half the length of the lobes; anther 
narrow connective. Fruit sessile or nearly so withi dito periawthi th 
epicarp membranous. Seed not seen apes una bat v cotyled 
ed to be rather broad.—Meissn 

Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 286, t. 13; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. ; 
Bot. Cab. t. 161 Hy d humilis, Lad. Bot. Reg. t. 1268 nt of 

ns d. intermedia, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1439; Maund, Botan 
t. 243; Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 501; Calyptrostegia fee 


. 581, n i 
Zeit. 1848, 394, id in DC. Prod. xiv. 500; Calyptrostegia 
dahliana, Walp. "Ann. iii. 924; P. myrtifolia, Schlecht. Le. 589. 


Queensland. Plains of the Condamine, Leichhardt Darling Downs, Law; 
uu Bowman; Rockhampton, r, Hal 
les. Port Jackson to the Blue Mococedis, f H. Brown and ——— 
warra, Bathurst, Liverpool Plains, A. Cunni "tSc New Engl and, C. gras 
Port Phi illip, R. Brown; Murray and Ovens rivers, ;M 
yim aa j Glenelg river and Wendu jore optan: j monili of the poesi ri 


Alli 
iii: eir lese R. Brown; common in light sandy soil, especially o 
-— xs coast, J. D. Hook 
ustralia. oniu Gulf, R. Brown, Warburton; Lofty Range, Guic 
ir Samada n Mueller. 


E 
3H 


8 sometimes vipat with the P. li inifolia, the most ready distin 
is in the one ne base of the nth being nearly Lose but half concealed by 
long hairs of the receptacle, e s“ dolvi a o usually concave when dry, 


25. P. colorans, ; Meissh. i n DC. Prod. xiv. 499. An 
shrub of 2 or 3 ft. " dc 8 spes the rsdlabeboonee Leaves oppos 
petiolate, linear or lin ear-lanceolate, tapering at both nde, conca 


Marie a que 
N.S. wae oe river, it. Cunningham. 


96. P. collina, R. Br. Prod. 359. An erect shrub, glabrous exci 
the inflorescence, closely resembling P. linifolia, but the loiva 
slightly concave with the parior veins more prominent undern 
running into a marginal nerve when the leaves are nm: 


- Pimelea.] CV. THYMELEX. P is 


. :Meissn. Le.; P. colorans, Mitch. Pony Austr. 362 not of A. Cunn.; 
P. Mitcheili, Meissn. in DC. Prod. x 
SAL. en, R. Brown; pene river, Mitchell; dividing ranga 
between Flinders and Burdekin rivers, Thoze 
N. Wales. Wellington valley, A. Cunningham; ; New England, C. Stuart. 
gn Ux es Leaves shorter and an er. 
ales. Hastings river, Butle 


Vies. Mount M'Ivor and Mount na F. Mueller ; luta Mes 


; . glauca, and the hairs of the receptacle are short, and the bracts glabrous 
_ inside and rather thin. In long series of specimens from various localities some may 
. met with which seem ibl to connect P, Ylena , P. collina and P. linifolia. 


ddi 
the iero bracts ovate, obtuse or acute, often coloured, rri 


1 E linjfolia.— P. cernua, R. Br. Prod. 359 ; Meissn. in D pics xiv. 497 ; 
| Hoo 


= Meissn. in Linnea, xxvi. 348, and in DC. Prod. xiv. pe 
: dee Melted in DC. Brod. xiv. 499 (partly) ; Calyptrostegia idle 
E irony diem Mey. in Bull. Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 74. : 
q Wales. Mount Caley, A. Cunningham; collected also by Mitchell in his 
5 sedis of 1835. 
1 asmania. Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; common in dry sandy tracts throughout 
1 as y ve ne mse Hooker. 

St. Vincent's Gulf, Blandowski. 
28. P. linifolia, Sm. Bot. - Holl. 31, t. 11. An erect shrub, 
- from under 1ft. to 2 or 3 ft. high , glabrous except the inflorescence, 
the branches usually slender and virgate. Leaves opposite, on very 
short petioles, linear or oblong, passing also into linear-spathulate or 
linear-lanceolate, from under Tin. to about 1 in. long, nearly flat, the 
margins in the dry state usually slightly recurved and rather convex 
than concave. Flower-heads terminal, A n ren ar, erect ; iofra bracts 
4 


B 


18 CV. THYMELEJE. [ Pimelea. | 


Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 884; Bonpl. Jard. Malm. t. 81; Bot. Mag. t. 891; 
Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1668; P. filamentosa, Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 3 
287, t. 14; 1h involuerata, Herb. Banks; Passerina egerat, Thunb. 


Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 502; P. waa es a Cunn. in Field, N.S. 1 
Wales, 326; Calyptrostegia linoides, Endl. Ped iv. part 2, 61; 
T Lindieyana, Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 499 ‘(aed y). : 
Que Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham and many others; 1 
Rockingham T Bay, Dallae WA 1 
a obra Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, 2. Brown, Sieber, n. 200, 
and Fi. Mix: 476; southward to Illawarra, A. Cunningham, and Twofold Bay, | 
po eller ; fe bee, to Hastings, Macleay and Claredios ri rivers, Butler; New England, ~ 


rt. E 
Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; W. bank of the Tamar, C. Stuart; also 
collected è by Gunn, n. 3, Milligan, n. 396, and Archer. 3 
Var.? Andersoni, Meissn. Leaves flat orslightly concave. Involucral bracts some- 1 
what silky-villous inside. Perianth much less hai cf t the base and the hairs of the - 
involucre rather quart y rne connecting P. Y rinifolia with P. glauca. Blue © 
: : » ] 


The linifolia dits the four preceding species are sometimes not very easy to - 
distinguish, although in their ordinary forms they cane to be separated by well- marked 1 
charac 

29. P. ligustrina, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 9, t. 9. An erect shrub, | 1 
attaining in the ordinary form 5 or 6 ft., dne except the inflo- - 
rescence or the young shoots slightly silk -hairy. Leaves oppa : 

om ovate to oblong or elliptical, rather thin, l-nerved and m 2 
less distinctly penniveined, 1 to 13 in. long or on luxuriant i ahopts twice | 
thatsize. Flower-heads cer large, globular ; pree bracts in the 
Jie form 4 or rarely 5 or 6, very broad, as long as the perianth- - 
tubes, glabrous or nearly so. Flowers hetunipheeiditers or (in some speci- - 
mens female with shorter perianths, but in both cases aon tl be , 


ok. asm 39; Calyp- 
trostegia ligustrina, C. A. Mey. be ll. Acad. Petrop. iv. (1845) 4; 
P. elata, F. Muell. as dien Le 17; Meissn. in Linnea, xxvi. 949 
and in DC. Prod. x 
non si Wales. Bine Ad s, R. Cunningham, Woolls, Miss Atkinson. 


ria. Wilson’ s Promontor Basin er Range, Cobb tains, F’. Mueller 
Mount Baller, Soues ; mou d the pee Allitt : ee mamine T 
asmania. Po u imple, R. Brown; common in dense humid aser chie 
in -g northern parts of the island, i D. Hooker ; ‘King s Island, MeGow 
: Australia. Rivoli Bay, F. Muel ler. 


dee. CV. THYMELEJE. 19 


ilky: 8 
slender. e ipistrina, Bot. Reg. t. 1827; P. ae A. Cunn. in Bot. Mag t. 3330, 
DC. Prod. xiv. fon Caly yptrostegia hypericina, C. A. Mey. in Bull. Acad. 
Tempi iv. (1545) 74; D ans, F. Moore 1 Illustr. Hortcle viii. t. 295. 
s. Has and Clarence rivers, C. ; Sydney woods, Paris 
Eshiiion 18 1855, es "207, an Pg Illawarra, A. pee pei Shepherd ; Mittagong, 


Victoria. tone nA impe: F. Mueller ; Upper Genoa river, Stevens 
s oblong. oa TE than usual, nodding, with 


r.? macroste 
the pinid involucral Whictd s ds ng as the flowers. anth-hairs spreading, rigid and 
exceedingly ORE ei leaving the sas base ante ga a Hs mA upper part often 
| gl i i h 


1 satisfactory s: ihia 
| tralia. Sandy scrub, Kangaroo island, Waterhouse. 


— 80. P. humilis, R. Br. Prod. 301. A small shrub, branching from 
mæ the base, more or r less s silky-villous at least on the stems, the foliage 


E often becom ming glabrous, from under Gin. to 1 or eve n 14 ft. high. 


0 

. Leaves opposite, rather crowded, sessile, oblong or Fer re nnd 

, obtuse or rarely almost acute, 1 to near 3 in. long, flat or slightly con- 
vex or concave, the midrib rominent underneath, and the lateral veins 
. sometimes con Di cuous, Flow er-heads globular, the involucral bracts 


7 silky-villous inside, either nearly as long as the perianth- 
,, shorter. Perianths silky-villous, the tube 4 to 5 lines lon oit 


_ after flowering considerably above the ovary, the dpa " out a. lines 
long. Filaments usually about half as lon Td as the ovary; anthers 

. oblong, with a narrow connective, the els when opened planed fait to 
_ back. Fruit shortly stipitate within th rianth, but not seen ripe.— 
l poe in DC. Prod. xiv. 502; Hook. f I. Tasm. i. 334. 

3 Wimmera, Dallachy; Mount Ararat, Green ; Litt Hyer F. Mueller ; 
3 Barra Bur Hinteracker ; nate vale, Robertson; Portland, A 

4 a. Port Dal e, R. Brown; abundant on dry Mis ind pastures through- 
Out kogy island, J. D. Hoo gga 

- S. Australia. Mount Lofty range, F. Mueller; near Adelaide, F. Mueller, 
3 ant 


. 91. P. sericea, R. Br. Prod. 901. A bushy shrub of 1 to 2 ft. 
. resem bling P. nivea, but readily known by the dense indumentum of the 


[ branches and underside of the leaves" consisting of silvery-silky hairs. 
- Leaves opposite, crowded, ovate or oblong, under jin. ODE» labrous 
lower- 


long, Lor above the ovary after flowering, the lobes at least 
1$ fii Filaments rather longer than = ey connective 


i388 P. lanata, 
c2 


Meisan. in DC. Prod. xiv. 509; 
Hensl. in Maund, Botanist, ii. t. 61 peo of R. s 


20 CV. THYMELEJE. [Pimelea, 


Tasmania. Mount Welling! rss hat ar R. Brown; summits of all 
ponens at an ect das , J. D. Hooker —hHenslow deseri ibes 
8 as concave "d y may b Re pg ; in the dried state the margins 


enis distinctly recu 
. P. nivea, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 10, t. 6. An erect e 


a close dense more or less crisped tomentum, here sometin 
by a few silky pi but never. densely silk ericea ave 
opposite, o TAN orbicular, AEN REGNARE, d elliptical oblong, unde 
j ed n 

2 


placed back to back; in some specimens the perianths are smaller w 
abortive anthers, ut the flowers fertile in both form "ruit s 
scarcely acuminate, hem ien arp membranous.— R. Br. 
Meissn. in DC. Prod. . 509; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 332; Kr 
and Weste. Fl. Cab. t sd P. incana LR. Br Eé ; t d 
xiv. 509; Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 24: Maund, Botanist | 
nivea and H. incana, C. A. "Me ey. in Bull. Acad. Péttópi iv. (1845) 73. 
Tasman Port Dalrymple and Mount Wellington (Table Mountain), 2. Br 
eter eh the island, ascending to the summits of the Western ounta 
elevation of 3500 ft., J. D. Hooker 
. Meyer “placed ne species in his Z erolena, characterized chiefly bg 
perianth remaining entire when in fruit, but I ‘ind it always circumsciss in P 
as the fruit ripens. I bare not been able to find any Bal eT ine! — 80 
verify the embryonal character, which however certai bs Mois ; 
in some species at least of the Chl yplri doin. section o Calyp 


" SussEcT. 2. PRYLLOLÆNA.—Flower-heads terminal, with num 
rous Suvolactel bracts not at all or m broader than the leaves. 


. 88. P. imbricata, R. Br. Prod. 361. A small erect much-br 
shrub, from under 6 in. to 13 ft. high, sometimes clothed fro 


rous. Leaves usually crowded, either mony 
oppone, from oisi esate and under 
linear and above the upper ones almost alwa 
hairs, all flat or s ightly concave. Flower-heads Tial 0 
bracts 8 or more, were” roader than the stem-leaves and 
shorter than the flow apran} with lo 


| Pimelea.] CV. THYMELER. E 


ustralia. King George's Sound and neighbouring districts, R. vbi hn and 
. many ANE 
A variable species of koe there are 3 principal form 

axteri, Meissn. Dense ui branched with small glabrous leaves, flowers usually 
a QR George’s Sound Brown, Baxter, Preiss, n. 1273, &c.; Fitzgerald and 


c 
Ba 


axw 
acillima, Meissn. Taller with slender branches, short narrow glabrous wet 


smaller flower-heads and even the bracts sometimes nearly g labr dn — Festa 
Meissn. 2 ix Preiss. 2: ver ot of R. Brown; dp» fay rie 
. pilig Low or Lia À often i Tog, all or "veli clothed with 
long diese “silky hairs. T lower-heads and flowers Fihof large, flowe ually white 
pilibunda, A. Cunn. He na, Grah. in Edinb. Ne rn. xxix 74; 
Bot. Mag. t. 3833; Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 606, ii. 272, and in Do Prod. xiv. 508 ; 
| P. crinita, Ling) in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 59; gen fake v. 507; 
. trostegia nana, Endl. Gen. Suppl. iv. part 2, 61. 


coll. n. 
| po š Press, n. 1275, 1277; Port Gregory and Vases en Oldfield. Phillips river, 
aawe 


1 Bu erp 4th coll. n. 236, appears to be intermediate between the first and the 
4 . villifera, Preiss. ii. 271, and i rod. 

. xiv. 508. An erect sided coarse anch Wok m ith rather 
. stiff hairs. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, flat, 
- thick but soft, 4 to 6 or 8 lus long. Flower-heads globular, densely 
hirsute? [a volka bracts 8 or more, similar to the stem-leaves or E 
. more lanceolate, obtuse, often as long as E pes does s hirsute 


W. A ustralia, Brassil à, M T is certainly allied to P. 
. imbrica some varieties have small bad at s, but the iyu is different, 
Puls Ey in "P lira they are equally "hispid on fis "Lobes and the tu 


 Sussect. 3. Cuoristacuys.—Flowers in clusters spikes or racemes, 
_.without involucres or the bracts not broader than the leaves and very 
deciduous. Leaves flat or with slightly recurved margins. Flowers 
small, except in P. ate ae Seeds, where known, with scanty 
albumen and broad cotyledon 


|. 85. P. drupacea, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i.10,t.7. A straggling shrub, 
. attaining 6 to 8ft. but often much lower, the branches more or less silky- 
hairy. Leaves all opposite, from ovate to oblong-elliptical or oblong- 


22 CV. THYMELER. [Pimelea. — 


anthers with a narrow connective, the cells when open placed back to 1 
back. Fruit a eg e, enclosed in the membranous persistent base of the 


xiv. 515; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 331; Sweet Fl. Austral. t. 52; Lodd. 
Bot. Cab. t. 540; ^v dana drupacea, Fisch. et Mey. Ind. Sem. E 
Petrop. x. (1845) 46 1 
Victoria. Sealer’s EN F. Mueller 1 
Tasmania. Derwent uk And Port Dalrymple, R. Brown ; abundant in humidi 4 
forests in ane soil, J. D. Hook E 
P. umbratica, A. Cunn. Bai: ; Ma n DC. Prodr. xiv. 510, from Logan Vale, as 
far as the specimens go, is u vndiitinguislable from P. drupacea, 'except in the rather 


smaller flowers. The statio; ~ is however so far distant that more perfect specimens mayi 1 
possibly show it to be distinc 1 


. P. hematostachya, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 84. An erect perennial 
of 1 to 2 ft. perfectly glabrous except the inflorescence, somewhat 
glaucous, not much branched. Leaves Bpporite sessile or nearly 7 
oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, mostly 1 to l4in. long.  Flower-hez 
pedunculate above the last stem- leaves, large and hirsute, at first 
pirena, but soon Eae did into a dense spike of 2 to 4 in. Iwo Mi 

, Very deciduous so as to be seen only on the very youn 
head, linear, membranous iry. Flowers of a Yet EE a ur, 
numerous and crowded. Perianth e Bie heirs, the slender tube 

ov 


Patty tbe Ne LSpictr membranous. 
cotyled 


Que Burdekin river and Peak Downs, F. Mueller; Dawson aw 1 
Leich Andes por Ar nd Edgecombe Bays, Dallachy; Port Denison, Fitzalan; : 
eo Creek ME Bowen river, ion: Suttor river, Sutherland ; Rockhampton 


97. P. spicata, R. Br. Prod. 362. A small much-branched shrul 
usually glabrous, with slender wiry branches. Leaves opposite, ve 
shortly stolae, oblong-elliptical, "ris under 4 in. to nearly li: 
lon s ve pes , in heads at first short and shortly pedunet 
late above the last kis. but soon UE DEWAR out into more or le 
interrupted spikes rather ra cemes, from r lin.to nearly ii 
ong, without aata bracts, the slender ies te short pedicels : an 
erianths all quite glabrous. Peria nth-tube slender, about 1j 
ong, circumsciss about the middle after flowering, the lobes scarcel 

as long. Filamen 


oo 
te 


- Pimelea.] CV. THYMELEZ. 23 


. Prod. xiv. 514; Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 288, t. 14, f. 2 ; Calyp- 
ditis spicata, Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl. iv. part 2, 61. 
N. S. Wales. sho Jackson and neighbouring districts, R. Brown, A. & R. 
Cunning and other 
piculigera, F. Mid "n Herb. from near Lake Muir, in W. Aust ralia, J. R. Muir 
| evi vide Aoi very nearly allied to P. spicata, but the specimen is wholly insufficient to 
_ characterize it either as a variety or distinct species. 


38. P. e qe Hook. f. i 


| not lengthen into a din Perianths glabrous or sprinkled with a few 
_ hairs, of the size of those of P. spicata, but the lobes longer in propor- 
tion to the tube, and the filaments rather longer.— Meissn. in 

xiv. 514. 


i asmania Ap] arently rare, pape A found in abundance in one spot near Pen- 
. guete, Launceston, Lawrence, Gunn, A rcher. 

. 89. P. latifolia, R. Br. Prod. 362. A spreading silky-hairy shrub 
. or undershrub of 1 to 2ft. Leaves alternate, elliptical or lanceolate 


[oj dn. iem Perianth-tube about 2 lines long, circumsciss about t 
. middle after flowering, leaving a bottle-sha sj fruit base as 4 
P vid sposi; the lobes rather short and obtuse. Filaments short ; pend 


1 deum oe Peery Vis R. Den: Port Dom, Fes ; Rock- 
hampton poo Head of the Dee river, Bowman; Mount Elliott wi Mount 


40. P. deu: F. Muell. in Linnea, xxv. 443. An erect slender 


deciduous involucral bracts like the. stem-leaves but smaller, and 
remaining dense and compact after flowering, the hirsute rhachis not 
exceeding 2 lines. Flowers smaller than in P. trichostachya, the rianth- 
hairs shorter and less s reading, the tube much shorter above the ovary, 
but similarly bi circumsciss after flowering and the fruit the same.— 
Meissn. in Linn vi. 350, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 511. 

Messin ss ‘a Dallachy 

S. Australia. Cudnaka and N. of Lake Gairdner, F, Mueller. 


24 CV. THYMELEZ: 


41. P. sericostachya, F. Muell. — iv. 162. cc rimi shrub 
at the base, with erect branching stems, s, all under 1 ft. int 


very eads compact when in very young bud, but soon lengthe 
ing into recrapted spikes often several inches long, always 
abov ast leaf, without involucral bracts. Perianth shortly silky: 


onan Sellham riv owman 
ME parvifolia. Leaves dus about : dine long. 
. S. Wales. Lachlan river, Fraz 


2. P. trichostachya, Lindl. : m. Trop. Austr. 355. An 
slender branching annual of about 1 ft., glabrous wat spree exept 
the inflorescence. Leaves ed linear, concave, 1 to long. 
hie at first short, but soon Main, aue a slender inter- 


bra 
vety shortly n atime Perianth not rt onia 9 lines Hie y tu 


On the Maranoa river, Mitchell; Bokhara Creek, Leichhardt; Dar- 


Queensland. 

ling Downs, Law. E 
. S. Wales. Murray river near the junction with the Murrumbidgee, F- 
T. 

43. P. leptostachya, Benth. A slender undershrub (or annual 
with s I base ?), much aud with erect or ascending stems Oi - 
4 to 1 ft., glabrous or sprinkled with a few silky hairs ES on the 
inflorescence and flowers: Leaves ternate, lanceolate o ng 
linear, 4 to pax in. inn Flowers small, in "" deut apro 


carp ibercular- Fife not 
Queensland,  Herbert's Creek id ete Bowman. The species 


Pimelea. ] CV. THYMELEZX. 95 


dently allied to P. trichostachya and P. sericostachya, but is ne early glabrous and differs 
from the whole section in the persistent n" of the perianth, whilst other characters 
prevent the placing it in Hupimelea, It is very different 1 in the shape of the perianth 

as well as in the pane d from P. spicata, to which y is inadvertently ‘referre 
by F. Mueller, Fragm. v 

Sacr. 5. MALIsTACHYS, C. A. Mey.—Involucral bracts free, usually 
small or little different from the stem-leaves. Flowe rs (small) Shoe 
dicecious. Male perianth with a slender tube; Arn wi 
connective, the cells vey distinct, and when open n placed back to [d 
'o rtive. Female perianth-tube circumsciss anne the ovary 
after flowering, the jae ha persistent round the somewhat suc- 
. culent fruit and almost adnate to it. Leaves Bat TA or hair 


P. argentea, R. Br. Prod. 362. An erect shrub with siio 

irgate branches, attaining 5 or 6 ft., more or less clothed with soft 
a hairs appressed or somewhat woolly on the branches, and when 
roa nt giving the planta silvery-white appearance. Leaves oppo- 
f mes or su AERA A alternate, sessile, those below the inflorescence 
. oblong or lanceolate, flat or concave, often above 1 in. long, smaller on 
side branche es; the floral ones usually shorter and broa ider, varying 
however from ver like the stem-leaves and in distant pairs alon ng the 
. long ieafy branches, to short an ig ovate closely approximate or 
[ eee in leafy spik Flowers dicecious, very sma ft 


© 
c 
B 


often nearly sessile and s only one perfect, the connective 
narrow. Female peri He usq para airy, the tube shorter than in 
. the males but circumsciss above the ovary Std owering, the s 
1 oe pe the anthers abortive or rudimentary. Style exserted, the 
M p hispid with long hairs. Fruiting base of the perianth 
pv, hisni bout 1 line long, the membranous or scarcely thickened 
= epicarp coming off readily sid i it, but not connate with it as stated by 
- C. A. Meyer, leaving the crustaceous endocarp (not the seed) minutely 
1 p rugose. — Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 607 ; P. argentea, P. vestita, 
X P. Shuttlewor orthiana, and P. myriantha, Meissn. in DC. et d. xiv. 513; 
Calypirostegia argentea, C. A. Mey. in Bull. Acad. Petrop. iv. veia 74, 
Australia. Goose Island Bay, R. Brown; grum Island, S. Coa . €u 
: ic ng pi tae river, «bem Leven, Gardner ey well ; N. of Stirling range, 
F. Mueller; thence to Swan river, Drummond 1 a n. ^. 730 , 731, Preiss, n. 1264, 
1265; northward 5 Man river and south- doo au rd to Vasse river, Olidfie ld. 
ave been unable to sort into varieties ‘the si duel wit species distinguished by Meiss- 


s ve riou other. n 
stantly dicci The supposed “ filiform persistent base" of the male pera ap- 
aei TS = ot in » fat the pedicel; the rudimentary ovary, when Basin is within the 

ecid 


45. P. clavata, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl.i. 11. An erect- -growing shrub, 
ranging from 6 or 8 ft. to twice that height, the foliage slightly silky- - 


26 CV. THYMELEE. 


ading hairs. Leaves o pictor nicole; acute tapering into 
= penn, p or with recurved margins, mostly 3 to 1 in. long, bu 
ng to 14 in., usually glabrous above, slightly silky-hair 

he th blow ers small, strictly dicecious, in little terminal head: 


with "p or three small very deciduous ves and the leaves of 
short axillary flowering branches Mem o often few and deciduo 
the inna when advanced, appear to be on petri leafless peduncl 
Perianths more or less silky- -hairy, the males with a filiform tube 13 to, 
üdáshy 2 lines long, the aig ovate and obtuse. Anthers about as long 
as laments, ovate with a narrow connective. Female peria: 


ms Sandy penicillate. iting base of the Ni (ee 2 lines 
ong; acuminate, un epicarp thick and somewhat fleshy, 
OEC erastaceous, bent nner than in most species 


Meissn. in DC. Prd in 510; P. viridula, Lindb. in a. S "Vet. § 
Forhandl. ix. 60 (F. Muell). 

W. Australia. King George's Sound and on the coast to the eastward, R. Br 
A. Cunningham, and many oes Fitzgerald river, Maxwell; Donnelly HY 
Carey; Warren river, Walcot 


Sect. 6. DrrHALAMIA.—Involucral bracts either none or few ant 
not very different from the stem-leaves. Flowers (small) strictly 
cecious. Male perianth with a slender tube; anthers with a ns 
ggg. the TE very p distint and when open placed pee to b: 


nd eid e males numerous t e females fase in the head. 
anth glabrous or slightly silky-hairy, the male tube 1 to 14 lines | 
the lobes t ter; anthers on very short filaments, with a na 
connective, the cells when open Pre bug 2 back. Female peri 
arcely projecting above the o hig SK ery short lobes, some 
enlarge ed ro Meri say fruit which i is about 2 2 ya long; epicarp mem 
—Mei n Linnea, xxvi, 945, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 514. 
b n Wales. on river, C. Moore; Twofold Bay, F. Mueller; Cape - 
alter. | 
Victoria. Dandenong ranges, Ben Nevis, expe Macedon, F. Mueller. —— 
Var.? alpina, F. Mueller. A low shrub wi ovate coriaceous 
usually under 4 in. long. Mount Latrobe hee Mount b orae qi at an elevation 


| 
| 
| 
| 
| 


Pimelea.] CV. THYMELER. 27 


— The aspect of these specimens is so totally different, that one would su vidi 
pose t do belg to a distinct species, but some specimens from Mount Barelley, wit 
the foliage nearly of P. drupacea, seem ‘to connect the two 


.? P.leptospermoides, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 9. An erect shrub 
of 1 to 3 ft., slightly silky-hairy, the foliage ot a Met almost glaucous hue. 
Leaves mostly alternate, o PNE ,$ to 1j in labrous above, with 

or 3 veins on each nds the midrib and node parallel to it promi- 
nent underneath. Flowers in terminal and axillary sessile clusters, 
o 


wan sessile, the connective rather broad, but the cells quite distinct 
and at le € e ree back to back. Ovary apparently abortive. 


Quee Caw a, Thozet. aka "i fertile lowers have been observed, the 
affinities r? dot Species must remain uncert: 


48. P. microcephala, R. Br. Prod. 361, A much-branched spread- 
ing shrub, usually quite glabrous except the flowers, the branches rigid 
but slender. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, mostly 
to 1 in. long, or on some luxuriant shoots narrow and 14 in. long, flat 
or concave. lo wer-heads small, rae er with 2 to 4 involucral racts 
rather shorter and mer ke the stem-leaves but variable. Flowers 
stri 


ious. e per 
very slender, fully 2 lines ants the lobes abont one-third as lo sells 
cher nts very short; anthers with a narrow connective, the ce 


C. 
P. distinctissima, F. Muell. First e Rep. 17; Calgptrosiegia Mio eala, 
Endl. Gen. PI. "Suppl. iv. part 2, 61. 
rod Curriwillighie, Duis; Losi re Burkitt. 

N. S. Wal Peel's range, 4. Cunningham ; Murray and Darling desert to the 
Barrier range, m and other Expeditions. 

Vict Avoca and Murray rivers, Æ. Mueller ; N.W. districts, L. Morton. 
S tralia. y denies, Island and Petrel Bay, ’ R. Brown (the specimens very 
imperfect, yh flowers fallen away); Murray desert, F. Mueller ; Lake Gillies, Burkitt ; 
aps harbour, Forrest. 

W. Australia. Mon ek Oldfield, and probably the same locality, Drum- 
mond; Dick Hartog’s island, M 
49. P. pauciflora, R. Br. Prod. 360. A much-branched glabrous 
shrub, attaining sometimes 8 or 10 ft., but often much lower, iid 
u 
5 

e usually more slender, with linear-lanceolate leaves. Flowers few. 
the head, and the perianth gis receptacle quite glabrous, the male 
mira not quite so slender as in P. mier ephea but the dicecious 
character and the structure of tlie flowers and fruits quite the same. 
The fruit is said to be red when ripe, but it does not appear to be at 


28 CV. THYMELEZ. [Pimelea, — 
P 


all succulent. —Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 515; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. - 
995 Hess i. Cab. t. 179. 
Bosh viding range, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham; Mount Lindsay, 
W. rs Warwick, Better Wide Bay, Bidwill. 
es. N.E. of Lachlan Meier A. Cunningham; M‘Leay penig an 
Richmond e siem C. Moore; M'Leay river, prs "New En gland, C. Les 
ictori Avon river, Gipps' Land, F. Mueller ; Fitzroy river, Rob 
Tasma - Port Da aliym ple, &. Brown; in Hol soil by the biski. n aed but 
not common, aid . Hooker 
Some of the specimens appear at first sight à enia the axillary iufloféecdiiód of P. 
axiflora, but the short axillary flowering bran are more developed with larger 
bracts, and the branches all end in flower-hea 


syn. 1 Cunn.). A low shrub wit ver numerous slender an 


tube. Filaments short; anthers wit co 
when open placed back to back. Female perianth oblong, about 
long at the time of flowering, ovoid an ine long w 


Z Hewardiana, Meissn. in Linnæa, xxvi. 346, an 
Prod. v. 511. 
oria. Mount Arapiles, Wimmera, Dallachy, and Jjgdlisliy the same localit; 
Mitchel, Bacchus Marsh, F. Mueller ; near Portland, Allitt. 

TUN ew England Sel st referred here by F. Mueller appear to me to belong | 
to P. curvifolia. P. um M A. Cunn., is either a form o PP drupacea or some 
species uaii allied to 
. 91. P. stet F. Muell. in Linnea, xxvi. 346. A dwarf prostrate 
much-branched shrub, forming densely matted almost moss-like patches. 


towards the ends of the upper leaves. Leaves mostly opposite, usually 
crowded, ovate, coriaceous, concave, 1 to 14 or rarely ne les. 
long. Flowers dicecious, solitary in the u per axils, usually with a 

i i po th glabrous, tube of. 
the males 1 to 13 lines long tapering at the base, the lobes under 1 line. 
Anthers shorter than the filaments, with a narrow connective, the a 


w placed back to back ; ovary present but abortive. Fem 
pus scarcely 14 lines long, the tube ovoid, the lobes about 
0 tube, divided to the ovary, persistent membr 


nous. Seed with a scanty albumen, D p 
Mesa broad.—Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 511; Hoo 


mus! ia. Summits of the Western Mountains at an elevation of 4000 ft., un 
er.—The flowers described by F. Mueller are the males, those described by J. 
Hooks the females. 


_ Pimelea.] CV. THYMELER. 29 


. 89. P. serpyllifolia, R. Br. 360. A low rigid densely 
- branched and leafy shrub, usually DR Leaves opposite or scat- 
. tered, often crowded, ovate obovate or oblong, 2 to 3 lines long, coria- 
| ceous and somewhat concave. Flowers yellowish, very small, dicecious, 

. in terminal heads, sessile within the last leaves or involucral bracts not 


ersistent. Fruit with the epicarp apparently — succulent.— 

. Meissn. in rod. xiv. 511; M. eluytioides, Meissn. i . Preiss. ii. 

T 271, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 511; Calyptrostegia eluytivides, Walp. Ann. 

E iii. Bos 

1 "eri Mi ec dry: We desert and Wilson's Promontory, F. Mueller ; Port 

q Pili A Bobo ndu Vale, Robertson 

4 Finders island, fij cog Finge island, M'Gow 

3 Ss. Aaa ia. emo Port Lincel n, and St. Vincente! Gu |f, R. Brow 

^ Tumby Bay, Wilhelmi; Eosdautet and Holdfast Bays, F. Mueller ; Spencer' 8 Gulf 

Warburton 
WV. Australia. Towards the Great Bight, Baxter, Maxwell. 


> R. Br. Pro d. 861. An erect shrub, with opposite or 


o 
4 


1 either rather longer or shorter tha n the flowers. Flowers white 
yellowish, dicecious. Male perianth- tube about 1$ lines long, the lobes 
: half as l 


. 610; Hook. f. Fl. * 


N. s. Wales. ji nd scrub, P Oun ingham. 
ra and Murray rivers, Daliachy; re F. Mueller ; Skipton, 


: mory Cove, R. Brown; Mung river k "St. Vincent’s Gulf, 
LE Buel, sep | Fee roo island, Waterh 
. Australia. Coast opposite Middle wlad, R. Brown. 
ar. diosmifolia, Meissn. Branches rather ue “Hab; Pi leaves more ovate and 
rigid, e" smaller. .P. diosmifolia, A. Cun chotoma, Schlecht. in 
Linnea, aeii P ies arvifolia, Meissn, in liée a, xxvi. 345.— As observe by Meissner 
. this is yir vts a form dependent on the — » calities, than a distinct variety it includes 


. most of the above mentioned desert specim 


30 CV. THYMELEJXE. [ Pimelea. [ 


54. P. petrophila, F. Muell. in Linnea, xxv. 442. A shrub of 1 to 
2 ft., "with erect dichotomous slightly hairy branches, the foliage gl 
brous. Leaves opposite, cite -lanceolate, from under 1 in. to near 
3 in. long, flat or concave, the midrib prominent underneath a 
the lateral veins often ride Flower-heads small, terminal or i 
the forks, with 4 involucral bracts siniihié to the leaves or rat 
broader. "Receptacle villous. Flowers dicecious, the perianths silky- 

à 


DC. Prod. xiv. 500. 
S. Australia. Flinders range, F, Mueller. 


SrcT. 7. EPALLAGE, C. rE .—Involucral bracts free, few or 
numerous, like the stem- lia Dii ai road. Flowers hermaphrodite or 


55.? P. Bowmanni, F. Muell. Herb. An erect shrub, softly sil 
hairy all over. Leaves alternate, crowded, sessile, oblo: sanoan 


r 
A 
4 
r3 
mn 
c] 
© 
t 
S 
[e] 
5 
d 
"et 
E 
-—— 
o 
Eds 
© 
la] 
E: 
a 
d 
> 
cp 
D 
un 
EE 
“~ 
F 


im. ri 


Queensland. Broad Sound, Bowman. Evidently a eee distinct a — e 
quiring further éexamination of more advanced specim 


ammocharis, F. Muell. in: Hook, Kem 


crowded or imbricate, oblong or elliptical, 3 or 4 lin 


numerous bracts not differing from the stem-leav 
male flowers but often longer than the female. awed dicecious 


Pimelea.] CV. THYMELEX. 31 


the fruiting perianth, which is entirely nerveless, the lobes shorter 
kir, 007 the males and the anthers abortive. —Meissn. in DC. Prod. 
iv jd 


lia. Upper Victoria river and Sturt's Oe F. Mueller ; twenty es 
Th T Port Nichol, N.W. coast, Maitland. The latter specimens ed considere 
var. Maitlandi, by F. Mueller, I can find n ens except the 
larger. The pina from Roebue k Bay, Hartin, quoted by $e my are » doubtful, 
rer pip in leaf on 


long as the tu i the to ie ones sometimes Nem than the outer 
ones, Fi angi ts very short; anthers with a very broad convex dorsal 
connective, the cells dingy wate el on the inner face. Fruiting base 

of the perianth somewhat curved and contracted into a neck, the fruit 
iali shortl acuminate; reis analisiak, endocarp not con- 


. 831; t liv. ; P. 
. A. Cunn. Herb. non R. Cunn irs thymifolia, resl. Bot. Bem. vede 
P. Muelleri, Meissn. in mt xxvi. , and in DC. Prod. xiv. 512 
N. Poser Port Jackson to the guod eere R. Brown, Sieber, n. 205 ‘id 

~ Fl Mixt.n ; Macquarrie and Lachlan a Cun ningham ; M udgee, Woolls ; 
_ Wilson's Peak, Teichhee dt New England, pi "Stu t, C.M 

ictoria. Port Phillip, Gunn; ; Portland, "Allitt - à tiri =e Robertson. 
3 asmania. Port Daly rymple, A. Brown; common by the banks of streams, &c., 
E J. Ep p adeat ; 

Australia. rut Bay, Lynedoch valley, F. Mueller, Behr. 

Iky, the leaves often hairy on both sides. Flowers sometimes 
rather larger, amr nee TN Myr er and all female on some „specimens es of this 
and: the following variety. nn., Meissn. in T v. 012 ; 
N. of roe vende A. Cunnin ham; ; New cope C. Stuart ; Mount M'Ivor Aes enn 
F. M i 


| som 
| or eciam peduncles (or enis branches 4 to Li. in., ys rather 
Queensland. Warwick, Bec i 


32 CV. THYMELEJ. [Pi 


Var. micrantha. Densely branched, aped vith shorter more paces - 
Flowers v very small pe depen sterile n ^cimens examine 
F.M e 


uell. ; Meissn. in Linne i 7 . Prod. xiv. 512. Murray a 
Darling Desert and se Vines Gulf, POM ler. 
Var. alpina, F. Muell. Diffuse much aoa and less silky, with short broad le 


often opposite. ent Saw, Cobberas and Munyong mountains at an clevation 
0 ft., F. Mueller. 


rsuta, Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 518. A much-braneh 


pote with silky but e or less spreadin s 

MA gree or elliptical, ve shortly petiolate, 4 
ned ogether, in terminal or apparently 
e 


tube slender, 1$ to 2 lines long, circumsciss above the 
flowering, leaving a bottie-shaped persistent base as in P. 
but quite straight; lobes rather narrow. Filaments very short; an 
v a broad dorsal connective, the cells closely parallel on the 
Fruit acuminate, the epicarp membranous, the e endocarp with 
distinctly hooked MS as in P. latifolia.— P. congesta, R. Cunn. in sev 
herb., not of A. Cunn.; P. villifera, A. Cun a He rb. 
N. S. Wales. Blue Moni A.and R. aie Leichhardt, Miss Atki 
P. ovalifolia, Meissn. in DC. Prod. xiv. 502, from Port Jackson (or Blue Mon 
tains ?), Gandicha s , Which i have not seen, must, from the character given, be the 
same as this speci 


a Brisbane river, "usr pis F. Mueller ; Archer's Creek, . 
f. 
. S. Wales. Hastings pew Frazer, ©. Moore; Macleay and Clarence i 
Beier, Tweed river, C. ; Richmond river, Henderson ; New England, C. St 
Leichhardt's and Pre aca s specimens are remarkabl ly prio with lo: ham be 
leaves, and appear at first d very different from the original odes of F. Mue 
short almost or cmd leaves, but there are many frasi, ioa 


» R. Br. Prod. 361. A low irae with e 


- Pinelea.] CV. THYMELEJE. 33 


Filament 
dorsal connective, the cells closely paeéllet vi the i inner face. Fruit 
. small, with a membranous epica r eed with a scanty albumen and 
- broad cotyledons.—Meissn. in DC. . Prod. xiv. 508; P. Behrü an 
- viminea, Schlecht. in Linnea, xx. 583. 


| « Victoria. Port Philip R. B F. Mueller; Grampians, F, Mueller; Wim- 
. mera, Dallachy; Portlan ' Roberton, Aliitt. 
3 S. astrali "n Murray ri riv o St. Vincent's and Ee P F. Mueller, 


3 Behr, here Aree and other: Kangaroo island, 
1 specimen in Herb. F. Mullen po u orige 
3 W. iiri m = set irat is not ‘sited, and there may be som 


n Linnea, xxvi. 947, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 


| on the Moe rue Style e lon 


E Cudnaka 
1 Bullivant take Gites, na 
- F. Mueller, Fragm. vii. 6, unites this with P. octophylla, but the —— the long 
1 filaments, the short bise besides the foliage, appear to be consta 


62. P. PAIN. Meissn. in PI. ge ii. 271, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 
5 


p prominent un nderneath. Flower-heads very much smaller than in 


phan the stem-leaves but shorter than the flow \ Perian th silky- 


: ilaments short, anthers ovate, with a broad dorsal connective, 
the cells closely parallel on the inner face. Ovary crowned by a few 
per AT phylicoides, eg Ann. iii. 394. 

Victoria. rray desert and Wimmera, Dallachy; Port Philip and Point Lons- 
dale, F. jeg "Harvey; fosa. Allitt ; near bd pa nk, Robertson 
© S. Australia. Arid stony places, St. Vincent's Gulf, M unt Torrens, F. Mueller; 
Encounter Bay, Whittaker ; Cancarara, Aubin. 
E VOL. VI. D 


F. Mueller; near Salt Creek, Behr; Gawler men, 


34 CV. THYMELEJE. [ Pei: 


63. P. Eyrei, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 109. An erect slender shrub o! 
2 to 4 ft., more or less silky-hairy and sometimes almost silvery. Lea 
opposite, sessile, usually erect, oblong or oblong-linear, concave, 4 
nearly 4 in. long. Flo wer-heads terminal, with 4 to 6 involucral bra 
rather broader than the stem-leaves, but otherwise similar. 


.. WV. Australia. Sandy plains, Eyre's Ranges, Phillips and Fitzgerald riy 
Manoel; | wet places, Mount rker, Oldfield. 


64. P. longiflora, R. Br. Prod. .961. An erect slender shrub, 


glabrous. eaves most y alternate, linear, concave, from } to a 


densel hispid with long hairs. Segre silky with iter 
the tube 4 E 6 lines long, oa oy ircumsciss above the 


iv. part ii 

ia. King ihe 8 Sound and adjoining districts, e Brown, A.€ 

ningham, and many others; Cape Riche, Preiss, n. 1263, and other 
Var. latifolia. Sami bling. mostly oom the Hiinal M almost o 

lanceolate in some specimens, narrow in others.— Calyp trostegia villosa, Turcz. in B il 

.. Boc. Tinp. Mosc. 1852, ii. adi I vibes, Melt: i in DC, Prod. xiv. 508.— 

Australia, Drummond, 5th coll. a. 


65. P. stricta . in Linnea, xxvi. 848 and in. DC. Prod. xiv. 50 ; 
A loosely acd Sith slender shrub of 2 or 3 ft. , glabrous qup 
inflore e. Leaves opposite, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, contrat 


species. P 
nn above the ovary after flowering, the lobes scarcely 14 
tong. Anthers nearly’ sessile, broadly o oblong, with a broad. d 
connective, the cells closely parallel on the inner face. Ais du t 
within the base of the perianth, oblong, the epicarp mem ; 
ne a ipee copious albumen, the cotyledons oblong, Wise broad 
an 
Victoria. Wimmera, GEN gk is Morton; Wendu Vale, Robertson. 
Ein Swanport, 
. S. Australia. Near Aie, F. Mueller; Salt Creek, Oswald; 
island, Waterhouse. 


- Pimelea.] CV. THYMELER. 35 


|. This 8 species is eg closely allied to the Western P. Preissii, and may perhaps prove 
| to be a variety on 


P. cadi Meissn. in Pl. Preiss, i. 601, and in DO. Prod. xiv. 
a n erect slender shrub of 1 to 2 ft., platoak except the in- 
i Whilodhog: Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate or oblong-linear, slightly 

Pin lon E iia globular, involucral 


eolate, often shortl 
_ shorter than the flowers, the inner ones lightly ciliate and dykra ps 
inside. Perianth silky cilik: with longer but scarcely spreading hairs 
_ on the lower portion, the tube ^4 to 5 or rà rarely 6 lines ong, circumsciss 
above the ovary after Hear: ing, ‘ie lo bes about 2 line 


1 regen the fruit not seen Rp PON Nrjjer indi, Hortul. NE 
. to Dene. Rev. Hortic. ser. 4, i. (1852) 80. 

[ mM ustralia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 554 ; Preiss, n. 1266; Harvey 
4 river, i 

. P. Holroydi, F. Muell. Frage: vi. 159, t. 59. An erect 


tostachya. Leaves opposite, sessile or in so, from almost 
t in. long. Fl 


Wi d 

- parallel on the inner face, but more distinct than in most Epallages. 
. Ovary tipped with a few long hairs. Fruit acuminate, the des ed 
. lateral than in most species, the vm membranous. Seed w 

1 yahe albumen and broad cotyledon 

1 ustralia. Gorges of the apm Range, N. W. Coast, C. Harper. 
3 (Harb. Fit AMueller.)—This is a remarkable species, approaching P. heematostachya i in 
1 uie and inflorescence, but with the broad involucral bracts and persistent perianth of 
3 eterolama and the anthers of Epallage. 


9. DRAPETES, Lam. 
(Kelleria, Endl. ; Daphnobryon, Meissn.) 


... Perianth tubular or almost campanulate, the limb 4-lobed, more 4 
. less spreading, with 1 or 2 scales opposite each lobe in the throa 

Stamens 4, inserted in the throat, alternating with the lobes. No ay. 

ous scales. Ovar ^ qeealled, with a pendulous ovule. St tyle 


-æ 


36 ‘CV. THYMELEÆ. [ Drapetes, 


albumen ; cotyledons ovate, thick.—Small prostrate densely tufted 
shrubs. Leaves alternate, small, imbricate, concave. Flowers in sm 


Zealand, on , and from Antarctic America. Endlicher 
have proposed limiting the genus to that species in which the perianth is circum 
e ovary, leaving the ortion persistent round the fruit, as in the sec 


1. D. tasmanica, Hook. f. in Hook. Kem Journ. v. 299, t. 7, 4 
Fl. Tasm. i. 380. The prostrate intricately-branched tufts of this littl 
e 


Victoria. Munyong mountains and Mount Kosciusko, at an elevation of 60001 
very rare, J’. Mueller. 
Tasmania. Summits of the Western mountains, abundant, Gunn 


3. WIKSTRGMIA, Endl. 


Perianth tubular, with a spreading 4-lobed limb without scales in 
throat. Stamens 8, the Moe sessile, those opposite the peria 
lobes inserted in the throat, the alternate ones in the tube. Hypogy 
nous scales 4, free or more or less united in pairs. Ovar with L 


pendulous ovule; style beg short. Fruit a berry-like drupe, t 
t i : 


here and there alternate. Flowers in short terminal or axillary rac 
spikes or heads, without involucral bracts. 

The genus extends over a great part of tropical Asia and the islands of the A 
pelago and the Pacific. The only Australian species. ide range over the 
of the genus. 


Wikstræmia.] CV. THYMELEÆ. 37 


1. W. d C. A. Mey. in Bull, Acad. Sc. Petersb. i. (1843) 357. 
shrub, sometimes low and spreading, sometimes almost arborescent, 
glabrous or the lehdet branches slightl vei ond Leaves from 

and obtuse to ovate-lanceolate dud. ucts e allong-lancenlt 
Adi caring at both ends uae above e in. n long pos sometimes 


1 i ogynous scales 4, small an ey tet abe d in opposite 


Bode, Linn ii R. Br. Prod. 362 ; Hook. and Arn, Bot. 
Beech. t. 15; ik Fragm. vii. 1; W. fatida, A. Gra ray in Seem. 
Journ. Bot i. 302 ; Seem. Fl. Vit. 907 ; W. Shuttleworthii, Meissn. in 


Denkschr. E eus b. Bot. So iii. 287 ; W. Shuttleworthiana, Meissn. in 
DC. Prod. xiv. 544; W. nn Meissn. in Denkschr. Regensb, 
Bot. Ges. iii. 286 and in DC. Prod. xiv. 546 ; "Benth. Fl. Hongk. 297. 

. Australia. Arnhem N. bay, R. Mai j Cleveland Bay, N. W. coast, A. 
Cunningham. 


Queensland. Shoal Bay passage, R. Brown; Port De or F'itzalan ; noB 
combe and Roc as Borsa Dallachy ; Rockham ton, Thozet; Logan river, A. ` 
Cunningham, Frazer; Burnett and Brisbane rivers, ueller. 


N.S. 2 a icon to the Blue Mound R. Brown, A. & R. Cunning- 
p. and others; northward to Hastings and es Pieds Beckler; New England, 
C. ot 


[ species appears to be also in the — rite re in S. C Iran and 
r the rin of the N. and S. Pacific. It is, ever, n deus s easy to e the 
- limits to be assigned to it. The character derived from t d perfect ari > yes Vidik 

. in pairs of the Bypogynota scales appears to be of little or no er 


4, PHALERIA, Jack. 


My m mU. ; Leucosmia, Benth.) 


without scales in e Stamens | as the cease 
, in 2 ro hose pee the TRES inserted in px throat, the 
Es ones in the tube, ere pex cies ina po sinuate 


than 
different individuals of the same 6 species. 


38 CV, THYMELEJE. [Phat 


The genus is dispersed over the Eastern TETEN Southern Asia, and the islands. 
of the North Pet, South Pacific. The species are difficult to discriminate, E a 0 
the few specimens in herbaria. Jack's name, published in the Malayan Miscellany, h 
six years’ precedence over Reinwardt’s 
- Flower-heads terminal. Perianth- tube glabrous. 5-6 lines long 1. P. Blumei. 

Flower-heads terminal. Perianth-tube loosely pubescent, 7-8 
i 2. P. Neumanni. 


: ping st 2x5 wol 
Flower-heads mostly axillary « or lateral. Perianth-tube glabrous, 
14 in. long Chee EO PU ee Qu I Sos ee 


umei, Benth. var. latifolia. A bushy eer shrub. 


contracted at the base but the petiole distinct, mostly about Gi in. lon 
i broader 


to 4 lines = Flowers usually numerous. shine ft 


Pie sober pe Cape York, M Gillivray, w. 5 id rim in Java 
atra. 


confusion between this and P. ( Drymisperm 
wo specimens, cultivated at dii ferent times in re w Garden 


. longifo 
l'eysm., and is perhaps also ane with Decaisne’s Timor P. laurifolia olia. The A 
lian specimens have the leav id broader and less tapering than is usual i 
Javanese specimens of either ind 


2. P. Neumanni, well. A bushy shrub, pe except | 
5° Leaves hag alil shortly acuminate, tapering bel 
the middle, much narrowed at the base and n ene i decurrent al 


obtuse. wers numerous in the head.  Perianth -pubes 
outside, the tube 7 to : lines long ; lobes usually 5 but sometimes 
on] p about 2 2 lines long, obtuse. Puit rather ir than'in P. Blur 


Que Roc Miam Bay and Herbert river, Dallachy. Presses "e d 
tinct from y pied P laurifol olia from Timor, of which, however, have Be 
men for compari 


S P.e oiai F. Muell. An arborescent shrub, scarcely : 
high, C glabrous. Leaves elliptical-oblong, much acum 


| niagis, gre from the Pine oni bá DA 


TES EEE I a Oe EESTI E ag EUN ERE IT eee en SN TETTE DERE ER ERN 


-. Phaleria.] CV. THYMELEJE. 39 


tapering at the base but distinctly was 6 to 8 in. long. Floret 
. heads axillary or lateral, nearly sessile. Perianth glabrous outside 
tube 11 jin. 1 the 


, the 
u to l4 in. long, lobes usually slightly ee inside, 
ispermum 


about 3 lines long. Involucre geo ruits not seen.— 
- elerod. — ny Muell. Fra agm 


Queen: Rockingham is partes comes very near to D. 
owers are still larger 


Orpver CVI. ELH AGNACEA. 


Flowers hermaphrodite or dicecious. Perianth tubular, ts but iter 


. sistent at the base and contracted above the ovary, the up e eec 
deciduous, 2- or 4-lobed, or in male flowers the perianth divide to the 
: ‘ 


Stamens equal to and alternate with the Ras base a Tee 
e pe- 


lined by the thin pericarp. Seed wi membranous or rather 

sta; album very thin; embryo straight, with a Een 
inferior radicle.—Trees or shrubs, sometimes climbin e or les 
covered wit urfy or silvery indumentum consisting of stellate or 


Sa RN scales. Leaves alternate, entire. Flowers ee yellows or 


2 Order, chiefl er i hikas an, with a very few American, subit: or. 
aia species; the ant Australian genus has nearly the same area as he Order. 


1. ELZEAGNUS, Linn. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth 4-lobed. Stamens 4, inserted at 
the orifice of the tube. Style elongated, recurved at the top, with a 
lateral stigma. 

This, the principal genus of the Order, has several Asiatic or soe and one North 
American species ; the only ares species is one widely distributed over Ceylon 
E. India, and the Eastern Archipe 


4, XXX. 47. | 
metines erect and middle-sized or with weak straggling stems, 
koaa except the upper surface of the leaves with the scurfy scales 
tes sey ovate ovate-lanceolate or elliptical, usually 
acuminate but sometimes obtuse, 2 to 4in. long or larger on 
branches. Flowers meme together in axillary spikes or clusters often 


. not exceeding the petioles, with the bracts all small and deciduous, but 


sometimes longer with 1 or 2 of the lower bracts leafy and persistent. 
Perianths shortly pedicellate, the lower persistent portion narrow at the 
time of flowering, scarcel above 1 line long, closed at the top round 


the style by a disk-like annular prominence, "the free part of the tube 


40 | CVI. ELEAGNACER, [_Bleagnas, 


much broader, ope no amet about 2 lines long, slightly con- | 

tracted at the top, the lim riis to 3 or 34 lines diameter. Fila- ! 
ment very short. Ovary glabrous. Fruiting base of the men oa 

im. long, cr: furrowed when dry. Seed about 4 in. l 
ight, =e 1856 


. Qu Rockingham Bay, Dallachy; Pioneer river, Vernet.—' The e species | 
is common in Ce a n and i im various parts of India and the Archi elago. It should in: 


flowers also in a less degree. The Australian specimens agree perfectly with many of | 4 
the Cingalese ones; I have observed no spines on any “of them. The fruit is said to be - : 
edible. | 


Orver CVII. NEPENTHACE E. 


Flowers dicecious. Male oue of 4 rarely 3 sepal-like segments, 
imbricate in the bud. Stamens4 to = oe filaments united in a central 
column ; anthers united in a head, in 1 or 2 rows, 2-ce lled. the cells. 
openin " outwards in longitudinal iia: Female e perianth as in the males, 
or rarely the segments united at the base. Ovary 4- rarely 3-angled, 


1 B 
ments; stigma sessile, with as many lobes as ovary-cells, the lobes. 
entire or bifid. Ovules very numerous in men cell, attached to a pla- 
centa vui on the dissepiment, ascendin 


anatropous. Capsules 
coriac openin locnlicidally í in 4 rarely 3 valves. Seeds 
air reds si d upwards; testa membranous, produced at each end 
into a capillary point or t mbryo straight, in - axis of a flesh w 


ing 
ating ves. Leaves alternate, slong ated j 
without stipules, the base or the winged ole mes the stem, 
marked with a few nearly parallel ese eei s Aid numerous. 
transverse vainlets, the mide usuall produced iiber into a tendril or | 
into a pendulous pitcher provided cy o 
of the orifice thickened into a peristome in ; 
tern ae at the back. Flowers small, green, in terminal racemes a | 
panicle * 
The odii limited to the single genus Y neg is Vidi over Southern Asia ‘and 
the pled of the Indian and South Pacific Oceans, but m t abundant in the Indian 


elago. The only Australian qe deadtibed as á sadi is as yet too i: 
fectly.l known for accurate determinat 


1. NEPENTHES, Linn. 


E and pact of the Order. 


. N. Kennedyi, F. Muell.. Fragm. 


tems or branches 
nios stout, glabrous 


154. Ste : 
or ini young pibas with stellate hairs. 


ENSURE ENT TTE] 


EP PEE a A Oat dE E o 


Tre 1. Euph 
of a single stamen without any perianth, and one central female one, a sv 
Pwtil without y ‘i 


Nepenthes. | CVII; NEPENTHACE E. 41 


posterior spur stout, the peristome narrow, with numerous transverse 
veins; operculum elliptical, with numerous minute glands on the inner 
surface. Flowers and fruits unknown.—Hook. f. in DC. Prod. xvii. 98. 

etri Cape York, Jardine; Cape Sidmouth, C. Moore. The species may . 
perhaps prove to be a variety only of the widely-spread N. phyllamphora, Willd., from 
which it differs in the much more slender peristome of the pitcher. 


Orper CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. 


Flowers always unisexual. Perianth either simple and cal x-like or 
almost petal-like, usually small, or double with 4 or 5 petals alternating 


Stamens various. Ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more 


a single one, Styles as many as carpels, free or more or less united, entire 
9r divided, the stigmatie surface usually lining their inner face. Ovules 


l or 2 in each carpel, pendulous from the inner angle of the cells, the 


Superior radicle, in a fleshy albumen, or ver bi the cotyledons 
T ge i 


ing m milky juice, exceedingly various in habit. Leaves alternate or 
opposite, rarely divided or compound, usually with stipules. Inflorescence 
very varied- Flowers usually small. 


limited ding the Archipelago and some of the South Sea Islands; one 
genus, Sebasti ,is a | American one, represented by a single species m i 
Old World; and o Baloghia, is only known, out of Australia, in New Caledonia an 


uphorbiese.— nvoluere calyz-like, including several "e fonet Mute 
or rarely with a perianth; the whole flower-head resembling a single 
N Embryo with broad cotyledons and a narrow radicle. 
0 peri : ; 
fers Ment - ovary, ies vemm yee em a: e 


A9. ; CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 


— 4- or 6-lobed under the ovary. Shrubs with epe vir- E | 
te branches, leafless at the time of flowering . » 2. CALYCOPEPLUS. | 


M SA itis PEAL auia distinct, both sexes iib d or Embr 
linear die cotyledons no scarcely broa oader than the radicle. Shrubs oft 
heathlike, with entire seien anti ay Lani or rarely herbs with small membranous leav 
(See the observations p. 54.) 

Ovules 2 in each cell. 
~ Anther-cells opening in terminal - Styles 2-fid. Cap- 
sule depressed.globular. Flowers (white) in head- like 


racemes forming terminal corymbs 3. PoRANTHERA. 
Anther-cells opening longitudinally. Styles "usually 2.lobed. sil 
Capsule depressed-globular. Flowers axillary . (Tribe PuyLLANTHER) 
Anther-cells opening longitudinally. Ovary iad capsule £ E 
lobed, the lobes ending in simple styles. 
Stamens free or scarcely united at the base. Flower- 
Mine: = "i 
Capsule d. Leaves in alternate thre e e . 4 MICRANTHEUM. 
Capedle teid hd 1-seeded. iei solitar ary Š . 5. PsEUDANTHUS. 
Sta or at least to Aa ones, wii ina central ü 
ek s rminal . >» . 6.STACHYSTEMON. | 
Ovules 1 in e m 
Stamens indefinite, usually numerous. 
Stigma piis te, ‘entire or 3-lobed. Petals usually small. i 
owers axillar . 7. BEYERIA. 
jin 2-fid. A usually Jonger than the calyx. Flowers 


ostly te . 8. RICINOCARPUS. | 
Styles 2- to prr Calyx yx petal ‘like but no petals. Capsule 
usually 1-celled, Flowers axillary 215279; Beara: 
24. Croro Sag ow np the cotyledons, difore in the stamens 
inflected, &c. 
— definite, twice as many as petals or calyx-lobes or 


guns present. dem — br chi Capsule without 
ndages. Flower-cymes s 10. Monoraxis. 
No petals. Style- Lose sb y; with 6 erect 
d appendages. Flowers in dense Viene clusters 
e axils or at leafless nodes. . 11. AMPEREA. 


"du 5 ree ebria distinct, jo erem E! a perianth. Emtr 
with broad cot arrow radicle. "Tree e peso es sma 
Di -like teriam or racem vary aai el " : deo e 


Stamens 2 to 5. Ovary 1-celled. Styles 3, small. Drupe 1-seeded 12. ANTIDESMA. 
Tris 4. Phyllanthese.—F lowers distinct, both sexes ringia a perianth. ee 
pics broad Sot iidonr and a narrow radice. Ovules 2 i cell. Flowers " 
ary clusters or solitary. 
Sal or rn lobes imbricate in the bud. 
Petals present at least in the males, sometimes small and 


glandlike. 
Stamens alternating with the petals. ch ARR ad pistil 
in the males. Her i or undershru ¿ds  ÅNDRACHNE. 
Stamens near the centre of a broad bio. disk round a & 
ive pistil. pi r shrubs 14. ACTEPHILA. 


-fid a 
No distinct petals. Perianth of 4 to 6 calyx-like or petal- like 
lobes or segments, “all similar or the inner ones rather 


pide BL lege ONCE 18 2A ar SAEI ct ape SR Im eer 2-- ey Ame he A 


a rge er. 
tamens 4 or more, central, free, without any rudimentary 
pistil. Styles eres undivided. Lea es opposite . . 15, DISSILIARIA. 


Ed E E UM MEL PUES 


CVIII. EUPHORBIACES.. 43 


emen indefinite in a central column, without any rudi 
entary pistil. Stigmas large flat, usually lobed. . . 16. PETALOSTIGMA. 
BEAT 2 to D, central, free or united, wit ‘shout any rudimen- y 
tary style. Styles linear or sho 
dime lobes or segments erect or r spreading. Styles 
o 17. PRYLLANTHUS. 
hice turbinate, ‘the male ome 5 small orifice 
obes, the female n, the lobes 
minute or obsolete.. Styles usually en 18. BREYNIA. 
Stamens 4 or 5, surrounding a 2-fid or 3- fà dro pistil; 
Styles 2-fid . 19. SECURINEGA. 
Stamens 5, 6 r more, ‘surrounding a broad central disk. 
Ova ary Selle Styles 3, clavate or broad . . . . . 20. NEORŒPERA. 
celled. Style 1, lat résitodid or orbicular . . 21. HEMICYCLIA. 
à als present. 


Uu 
oO 
c 
me 
B 
= 
p-a 
© 
— 


led. Drupe with nes. i 

einlets of the leaves cote between the primary veins 22. BRIEDELIA. 
inet usually 3-celled. kas psule 3-dymons, separating into 
val i. Veinl vont ide leaves reticulate between 

the primary veins. . . oe $us . .. 23, CLEISTANTHUS. ` 


5. Crotonese.— 7] distinct, t, both seres with a perianth, sometimes minute 
in the » halis. Embryo with broad cot radicle. Ovules 1 in each 
dafs oe at facet the males, in po we racemes or yr panicles. Stamens usually in- 
Caly x-lobes or segments valvate. Petals present. 

Cap mtn inflect ai at the end in the bud. Anther-cells parallel, 


Styles 2-fid or 4- . 24. Croton. 
Anthers erect in the bud, the eels ‘parallel, adnate. "Styles 
bifid. Flowers panic iculate 25. ALEURITES. 


Cdyxlobes or segments (at least in the males) valvate. No 


Anther-cells distinct, eat: straight and parallel. Styles lars eA 26. CLAOXYLON. 


Anther-cells disti m dona wavy or tortuose. Styles divid 
into capillary es 27. ACALYPHA. 
ig ers bhi ‘hat cells adnate and xarallel. Styles 2-fid, ‘the 
e fringed or with much-raised papilla 28. ADRIANA. 
Anther-cells | parallel M iod above the base or the anthers 
versati 
Bi eius malls 8 or fewer. Styles entire or 2-fid, not 
fringed. Trees or shrubs . . 29, ALCHORNEA. 
Stamens few or ma any. Styles entire, ‘hot fringed. Twinefs 
or (in species not A th . 80. Tracta. 
Stamens usually numerous. Styles undivided, usually 
r very papillose. i ot 31. MALLOTUS. 


nged o 
. Anthers 4-lobed, opening in 4 pedi or longitudinally in 
ca Valves. Styles undivided, fringed or not. ‘Trees or Pisis 32. MACARANGA. 
Calyx-lobes or segments imbricate. Petals present. Stamens 
indefinite Sn pamai 6), central. Styles undivided. Leaves 


enti 
Anther-cells Sion ‘back to back, confluent at the Mes . . 98. CopLeuM. 
Anthor ‘cells parallel and distinct, opening outwar 34. BALOGHIA. 
Calyx s pi open i eset No petals. Samen) 2 to 6, 


pane Sty es un 
Salys x usually viding i kn P or 3 broad lobes. Seeds carun- 


Ovary s odiol. MUR 6 or fewer. agnus undae 
compressed, tardily dehiscent on the margin . 95. CARUMBIUM. 


44 CVIII. EUPHORBIACE X. 


e Stamens 3or2. Capsule fh into 
3 2-valved c 36. SEBASTIANIA. 
Calyx minute. tameii 3 or 2. Seeds without any carunculus 37. Excamcania. 


TRIBE l. EUPHORBIEÆ.—Involucre B a calyx, toothed or 
ished, including several male flowers, eac a single stamen ' witho 
any perianth, and one central female Pier a single pedicellate pi 

without any or rarely with a perianth, the whole flower-head resem | 
a Ap flower. Embryo with broad cotyledons and a narrow ag $ 


1. EUPHORBIA, Linn. 
ARRET eN Haw.) 


A very la 


A Anisbphiglin m.— Leaves all opposite with small interpetiolar stipules 
al glands usually bordered iy : Ars appendage (except E. atoto and 
pilulifera). Seeds without any carune 


* Flower-heads in small distinct terminal cymes with the floral leaves or bracts 
long as or longer than the involucres. Capsules and whole plant glabrous. 
Seeds smooth. Appendages of the involucral glands — 

conspicuous . . 1. E. atoto. 
Seeds rugose. Appendages conspicuously petal- like, entire, 

Leaves ovate-orbicular. Cymes rather dense. pe 


out 1 line rin à 2. E. Sparmanni. 
bao er leaves ova e, upper : ones lanceolate or linear Cyme e 
loose with ‘fl tong eo Involucres } line long 3. E. Mitchelliana. 
"pa e t€ de . Macgillivrayi, with much tices involucral 


es.) 
Sleeda i rugose. A ndidiges more or less lobed . . . . . . 12. E. myrtoides. 


M ECCO T IR AEETI E SEEN UN XE USER CU TRES eR OT AE EN SR ARE DE TET ODER NE ETT RET E LAO Oe CENTS TES Tee ee ERL ee TA 


» 


Euphorbia. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACE E. 45 


* Plower- heate solitary or two together, terminal or in the upper axils. Stems 
hairy or ques 
Stem an e scq ie or shortly hirsute. 
viles 1 lines lon ng, the i ands with a gigs PON: 
usually lobe pedis 5. E. Schultzii. 
ime gres era with long spreading hairs. Involucres 
e glands with a narrow entire white border . 6. Æ. Armstrongiana 


*** Flower-heads solitary in the bee or in nearly all the axils or forks. 


Stem and leaves pubescent or hirs 
- Involucres va ines long, the ini with a broad palmately 
dage 


bed a 4. E. schizolepis. 
Tnvolucres aboot P line long, ; the gland-appendages usually 
much branched, need 6 in. to 1 ft. . . T. E. australis. 
Inolcre ices 1 line ong, the gland- t'appendages entire. : 
ant with pone 8 of 1— zm . 8. E. Muelleri. 
Whole plant site glabrou 
Involucres about 1 sine: log. Dwarf i agi bes "e. stems 
of 1-2 in. . 8. E. Muelleri. 
Involucres a Tin 
Diffuse prostate “ranching stems forming at length a 
Glan "febr s usually entire. 
Stiles. ara poca at the end . Drummondii. 
Styles slender bifid 0. E. alsineflora. 
Annual, with erect and slender stems. est alias 
- usually entire 11. E. Wheeleri. 
Nus: diffuse and à much branched. ` Gland-appendages 
usually lobed . 12. E. myrtoides. 


*** Flower-heads numerous, in n dense or r rather loose ln ol axillary cymes 
Ga ve AM sometimes the lowest pair, reduced to small bracts shorter than 
involucr 
Dwarf glabrous perennial Leaves ovate or gr sae Gland- 
appendages large and very white . . . 13. .E. micradenia. 
Pubescent perennial with erect or ascending Leave E ; 
ovate or oblong. Gland-appendages large nd ges ve ch “white n. E. Macgillivrayi. 
ual 


` . 15. E. serrulata. 
Pubescent perennial wit erect or ascending stems, the ultimat 

branches filiform and cymes loose. Gland-appendages lange : 

and very white 16. E. filipes. 
Hirsute annual. Leaves ovate or lanceolate. Flower-heads mi- 

nute, very num in dense ss adlike axillary qu Invo- 

se lands best pesos. ko 4 QI . . 17. E. pilulifera. 

2. Eremophila.— Leaves opposite or the lower ones and sometimes those of 

lateral branches Me. Stipules very abs or none. Involucral glands without 
appendages. Seeds carunculate. 


bu erre p hotomons, Leaves n. luted genes second 


‘ 18 4. eremophila. 
he n Tithymalus, with 1 emare below the fope S binc alternate, 
the Med e Ros di prales, Jus, the ary branches forming an umbel, the floral leaves 
P owed deret stipules, and the a invelooral — without mts appendages, 
has ee’ c re gee n in Australia; but o f the common gm weeds, 
E i Prod. xv. ii. 141, p glabrous annual with t l 


iss. in DC. mbe 
usually of about 3 rays and the involucral glands crescent-shaped, the «ani o glabrors 


LI 


46 CVIII. EUPHORBIACE®, [ Euphorbia, 


and smooth, the seeds pitted, is said to be now common in cultivated ground in Ne 
uth Wales and West Australia, and probably in other colonies. 
Euphorbia Brownii, Baill. Adans. vi. 290, was described from a specimen witho 
flowers, believed to have been brought by Baudin's Expedition from the West coast 


T nia. It remai e 
Euphorbia at all, and the station, like others attached 
n. 


is ia to plants of the Baudin 
Expedition, is very little to be relied upo 3 


SECT. 1. ANIsopHyLLuM, Roxb.—Herbs, either annual or with a 
perennial base, usually much branched and often prostrate. Leaves all 


z 


The species of this section run very much one into another, and are difficult to define. 
It is possible, therefore, that some of the following, founded upon a small number ot 
specimens may prove to be varieties only, "s 


l. E. atoto, Forst. ; Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 12, A glabrous. 
diffuse or procumbent perennial of 1 to 1} ft., the primary stems thi 
and hard, the branches more slender and sometimes dichotomo 4 
Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, broadly oblong or rarely narrow, 
obtuse or mucronulate, more or less cordate and usually unequally $0: 


0 
the glands sagas oblong, with very narrow scarcely distin 

borders. Capsules glabrous. Seeds smooth.—Baill. Adans. vi. 282; 
E. oraria, F. Muell. in Herb. Kew.; E. levis, Poir.; Boiss.in DC. Prod. 


N. Australia. Water island, Montague Sound, N.W. Coast, A. Cunningham; 
Port Essington, Armstrong; La Grange Bay, Hughan; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 601; | 
Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown. 

ensland. Sandy Cape, R. Brown; Port Curtis, M‘Gillivray ; Isles off Ca 

Flattery and Moreton island, F. Mueller; Sir C. Hardy’s island, Henne ; Rockingha 
Bay, Dallachy. 

dose plant, found also on the coasts of E. India, the Archipelago, and the Pacif 


9. 


Euphorbia. | CVII. EUPHORBIACEZ. 47 


peur qwe between the angles.—Z. ramosissima, Boiss. in DC. 
. ii. eg Baill. Adans. vi. 288, not of Hook. and Arn. 
cur s. E.coast, R. Brown; Manly Beach, Woolls; also Sieber, n. 632 


Bato E iie méé rat Lord Howe’s island, C. Moore, appears also to belong 


E. 
and th he dlighty rugose seeds. The true E. ramosis 
on the Pacific islands, is Boissier’s Æ. Chamiss dito 


3. E. Mitchelliana, Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 25. A perfectly 
glabrous tege m: 1 to 14 ft., the rhizome at rin woody, 
the stems erect or diffuse, slender dichotomous, the ultimate branches 


small, the upper oblong or linear, entire, $ to lin. long, oblique or 
unequally cordate at the base. Flower-heads very small, not numerous, 
in loose terminal dichotomous cymes, the pedicels so ar the floral 
leaves or bracts lin near, mostly as long as or longer than the flower- 
heads, Involucre about 4 line long, the glands bordered by a petal-like 
obovate or orbicular a endage, varying from } to } line in breadth. 
Capsule glabrous. leis Y oru rugose. 
N. Australia. Sweers island, Hen 
i ensland. Port Bowen, Keppel ^pa ay, detnr islands, R. Brown; 
Sandy Bea ch, aa island, A. Cun acd Port s, M'Gi illieray y; Port Deni- 
nn, Fitzalan ; Rockingham Bay, Dallach y; idi sm Mitchell; Bowen river, 
Bowm ; Sutton river, Thozet; Rockhampton, O’ Shanesy ; N. Kennedy district, 


n.. 
Var. stenophyll he | s shorter and linear- 
ylla. Leaves linear, 1-13 in. long or the lower one 
lanceolate — Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 38, 505, 549 and 854 


E. chizolepis, F. Muell. ; Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 20. 
Annual, but with hard, often POOR ooking stems of about 1 ft. high, 


c ue 
unequally cae at the base, 4 to lin. long, sprinkled on both 
Pur with short hairs. Flower-heads shortly pedicellate in the upper 
axils, Ein sometimes terminal leafy cymes. 
ands peltate with a fioul spreading palmately lobed or 
Ege a Ppeudage, not so white as in most species. Capsule and seeds 
x. Upper Victoria river, F. Mueller. 
us 2g labra ; perfectly glabrous, with 2 land- tx Aight. 8 much less lobed; per- 
pe a distinct species.—Gulf of Carpentaria, 4’. Mueller. 


5. E. Schultzii > Benth. sp. n. A slender annual of 6 in. to 1 ft., 
apparently erect hie young, but soon much-branched and diffuse, with 
pu ON id r shortly hirsute stems and foliage. — — mey 


48 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJ. —  LEuphorbia. - 


A Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 15, 237, 844 and 879.—A very poor spe- $. 
cimen from Camden harbour, in Herb. F. Mueller; may belong to the same species. — 


6. E. Armstrongiana, Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 47. An annual of P. 
1 ft. or more, with long slender ascending loosely dichotomous branches, - 


wit d 
border. Capsule above 1 line long, glabrous. Seeds marked by deep - 
transverse furrows. 1 


7. E. australis, Boiss. Cent. Euph. 15 and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 36, 


small as in Æ. Drummondii, but more or less hirsute and the petal-like 
eig cra of the glands more or less lobed, varying from white to 
red.— l.c. 986. 


Var. erythrantha. Appendages of the involucral glands very red. Æ, erythrantha, $ 
F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 152; Baill. Adans. vi. 284. To this variety belong more a 
cially Beckler and Burkitt’s specimens from the desert interior, but in some others 
glands assume a reddish tint. 


ro 
Leaves opposite, nearly sessile, rather crowded, ovate orbicular or the 
upper ones is - rather thick, entire, 2 to 5 lines long, very oblique at 
the base, and the lo 


Euphorvia.| CVIII: EUPHORBIACER. 49 


. in the upper ey forming almost a terminal leafy cyme. Involucre 

about 1 line long, glabrous or pubescent. Capsule 14 lines long, gla- 
brous or shortly ‘hairy. Styles short. Seeds irregularly rugose 

N. Australia, P. Mueller; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 439, 485. 

9. E. Drummondii, Boiss. Cent. Euph. 14 and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 
36. A prostrate or diffuse much- Mira plant, gee Bs ae sd 


the European Æ. chamesgee, Linn., and when flowering t i ear 
easily confounded with it, but ride s quite glabrous and Nan at 
length a perennial thick or woody rhi opposite, os 
ovate or oblong, obtuse or notched, entire or serrulate, oe 

the base, 2 to 4 lines long, firmer than in ntire 


See. 
fringed or lobed. Flower-heads very small, es edice late in the 
upper axils. Involucres about 4 line long, the glands with a narrow 
white border entire or nearly so. Capsule under 1 ie ee s. 


- Styles notched only, varying from almost none to near ya as in 
_ E. chamesgee. Seeds rugose.— E. chamesgee, E. pedi E. Drummondi 
and Z. cipe Baill. Adans. vi. 284 4, 285 
N. aw stralia. begin a river, F. Mueller ; Gulf M qr mede Lanesborough. 
Queensland. Bro d Sound and Thirsty Sound, R. Bro risbane river, F. 
d. TETERA ere and gen, reei Da fig 
ales. Port Jackson, E. achlan t, A. Cunnin ham; Dar- 


| liùg Hrot Mitchell; and thence to the Barro ier ENT Vieira and other poo 
— New En ngla nd, 0. Stu art. 
. Victoria. Snowy river, F. Mueller; Wimmera, Dallachy. 
ia. Swan port, Story. 
alia. Spencer d oe E. Brown; Murray river aud mare F. 


j e füpch. Wraith with the branches often Sr. Iuflorescence nin rs 
and fruits as in the common Æ. Drummondii, except that id Laine are rather longer. 
. Perhaps a distinct species.—Dirk Harlog's Island, A. Cunni 

| . 10. E. alsinzeflora, Baill. Adans. vi. 288. A glabrous and glaucous 
| perennial with a hard knotted base or rhizome, and much- ranchos 


| voluere rather above j line long, the petal-like appendages of the glands 
1 rather ipasi entire crenate orsinuate. Styles rather slender and bifid, 


side] Mount King, Glenelg river, N. W. Coast, Martin. 
xm ? A specimen from Warwick, Beckler, appears to be the same species. 
Wheeleri, Baill. Adans. vi. 286. A perfectly glabrous plant, 
aparently annual, branching from the base into erect or ascending 
ender stems of 6 in. to 1 ft. Leaves o osite, in rather distant pairs, 
oM entire or slightly serrulate, very oblique at the a rarely 
VI. 


* . 4 
50 . VIII, EUPHORBIACEZ. — 4 


Greville island, arn de river and Montague Sound, N. W. Ond 

A: “Cunningham King’s Sound, 
lia. Between Stokes” Raits and Cooper’s Creek, Wheeler. 

m appears to be quite distinct from Æ. Drummondii in habit as well as in 4 

cap nearly twice as large. It may, however, prove to be the first year’s e 
E. al alsineflora. i 


s, Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii 15. <A diffuse 


woody at the base so as to appear perennial. Leaves opposite, shortly. : 
sictinhunes; sey en ovate, Vies obtuse, entire or minutely denticulate, | 1 
very un and often semicordate at the base, rather coriaceous but - 
very Vlde ae of a Myrtle, fabely above 4 in. long. Stipules scarcely - 


anges than elie involucres. Involucres smaller than in Æ. atoto, but con- - 
siderably larger than in E. Drummondii, the glands with a narrow w petal- - 
like border usually denticulate or lobed. Capsule about 1} lines long, 
the cocci more distinct yon in the allied knee Lem edi keeled. | [ 
ier rugose.— E. Shark Adan : 
Australia. N.W. SR qx pa i eres ; Despards | : 

island, Bynoe. 
W. Australia. Useless Harbour, Sharks’ Bay, R. Brown; Port Gregory, 4 
Oldfield. 


13. E micradenia Boiss. in DC. Prod. XV. ii. 27. ne peretie ] 
differing from the former in its perfectly PAS ed and folia " 
i and b 


and in the involucral glands very small within e petal-like appen- 
— le are about 1 line diameter. Stems in the specimens seen q 


N. Merl Islands of i Gulf of Gaebler R. Brown; Port Darwin 
Schultz, n. 545. 

Queensland. Albany island, F. Mueller. 

14. E. Mac viss, in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 90. A perennial 
but often mere — Pra ear so as to appear annual, the rhizome 
at length an mur i m 
to above 1f t. hig wn mca or bn. pubesbent as well as the foliage or at — 
sent easly 4 Leaves opposite, ian the lower aw 

wi Biene 


i _ Euphorbia.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACE X. D 


oblong often above 1 in., obtuse, ines DM the base or semi- 
. eor inged. 


| ges varying from 1 to 11 n diameter. 
Capsule fien. above lline long. Seeds rugose. 
Queensland. Thirsty Sound, F, Brown; Port Molle and Gould island, M‘ Gil. 
1 Tone Brisbane e river, F. Muelle er; Port Denison, Fitzalan; Rockhampto: n, Dallach: 
l viet Walloon, Bowman ; Suttor river, T'ho zet. 

. S Wal laii river, Beckler; New England, C. Stuart. 


15. E. serrulata, 7 ; Boiss. i — Prod. xv. ii. 25. A gla- 
_ brous annual, the stems fioi hard at the ra erect or idy petiohatal 
l Le 


Y 


r : Australia. Port fist cuit Armstrong; Port Darwin, iq n. 234; Escape 
i Cliffs, ise = 

. , Quee Keppel Bay and Thirsty Sound, R. Brown; Rockhampton, 
[LO (red T latter specimen imperfect and "doubtfal). 

- This species extends over the sea-coasts of the Archipelago, from Timor to S. China. 


16. E. filipes, Benth. A perennial allied to E. Mitehelliana and 


. loose irregular c cymes, ter l or in the upper axils, the common 
[ grade as well as the gin filiform, ae lower pair of ‘floral leaves as 
. lo 


a 

- appendages to the glands Vadis obovate or VUL E the involucre 

. Sometimes hairy, the capsule glabrous rugose 

_ , N. Australia. Islands of the Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown, did Fitzmaurice 
river, F. r Mueller. 


ilulifera, Linn.; Boiss. i n DC. Prod. xv. ii. 91. . A prostrate 
or ascendin A pee. attaining 1 to 9 ft., ie branches hirsute 
with spreading aist: ee aves pee shortly 


inut : 
e cymes on short pe icc) ewe in one axil of each pair of leaves or 
terminating the branches. Involucre about j line long, vium 


* 


^ 


69 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. [ Euphorbia. 


species. Capsule 3 to ł line diameter, more or less hairy. 


" 


small and pum without the petal-like appendages of he ee 1 


slightly halite 1 
d. Rockingham Bay, Dallachy ; common about Rockhampton, Dallachy, — 
EN "e others.—A common tropical weed of cultivation both in the New and the — 
Old W 4 


SECT. 2. EREMOPHILA, Boiss.—Herbs. Leaves opposite or the lower : 
ones and sometimes those of luxuriant branches alternate. Stipules | 
very minute or obsolete. Involucral glands Sihoni petal-like appen- — 
dages. Seeds carunculate. : 


8. E. eremophila, A. sw in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 348. An erect 


quite wanting. Flower-heads solitary in one axil on he pair of - 
leaves, on a short pedicel. Involucre ease 1 e As 2 glands - 
(5 or 4) broad, reniform, aem es. Bracts within the 
and sho about 2 2 lines long, glabrous and 

e stipes father: long. See ne eut with a rat 

aped caru ii 


Euph. Ic. t. 49; E. deserticola, F. Muell. in Linnea, ah 
tralia. M island, Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Bro ; Greville island, 
Regent' s river N.W. Coast and Goulburn island, A. Cunni iim Victoria river, F. 
Mueller Jis large br of alternate). 
een Broad Sound and Shoalwater Bay, R. Brown ; Port Curtis, mot 
livray ; "Three ilon, Berie eef Passage, and islands of Moreton Bay, F. 
Rockingham and E ache. uis Dallachy; Rockhampton, Bowman and others} 
Warrego river, Mit VN 
. S. Wales. ma and — rivers and thence to the Barrier Range, £* 
Mueller, Victorian and other Expeditions ; Clarence river, Beckler; New England, 0. 


` Victoria. Murray river, F. Muel ; 

S. Australia. Spencer's Gulf, LA^ ; Flinders' range, Cudnaka, Akaba, &¢y 
F. Mueller; Mount Searle, Warburto fe ate) Be nge, Sullivan; Lake Gi llies, Bur. 
kitt; Cooper's Creek, Howitt's Expedition (with thick succulent stems and ' small 


. Australia. Murchison river, Oldfield, Drummond, 6th coll. n. 88; Dirk 
Hartog’s island, A. Cunningham. 


2. CALYCOPEPLUS, Planch. ` 


Flower-heads resembling single flowers. Involucre campanulate 0 
n, 4-lobed, with o r without small glands between the lobes 
E collected in 1 clusters of z or more — the involucre 
opposite its lobes, each one subtended and more or less embraced bya 
bract, the outer 1 or 2 much enlarged sand idit the cluster; each 


or 


tib 


Calycopeplus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. x 


cci. Seeds smooth, carunc culate, —Shrubs e mderdhrabo) with 
me of floweri 


Leaves opposite or winnie whorled, narrow, ettii, very deciduous. 
Stipules very minute or obsolete. Flower- heads small, axillary or 


The -a » limited m West Australia. It is united by Boissier with Eup 
ut being confirmed by a second species showing the distinctive characters still more 
i Pimat, 1 have followed Ba sip in retaining Z altho: igh not on the grounds 
ides ced by him, for he appears to consider tbe flower-heads as single pe in 
ui 


"uid "Us te. d bes of the inputs and of the female perianth 


wholly green or scarcely border 1. C. ephedroides. 
Disashes “ha or angular. Lobos of the ' involucre and of the 
. female perianth with broad white margin g . . 2. C. marginatus. 


C. ephedroides, Planch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. viii. 31. Ane 
glabrous shrub of several feet, with virgate Shed lito phe ncn 
usually leafless at the tim e of flowerin ng. Leaves on the young shoots 
. Opposite or in whorls of. 3 or 4, epe Linens or lanceolate, entire, 
. 4 to ljin . long, leaving after tallin ersistent gland- like base y 
described sometimes as an adnate sti dia lower-heads almost. sessile, 
Por or 2 together in each axil of the pair or whorl of leaves, ` within 


one very broad bract, all the other braets much wn Perini 
- the female flowers very short, with 6 broad equal lobes. Styles free 
. ülmost or quite from the base. Capsule glabrous.— Euphorbia paucifolia, 


Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. i. 174; Boiss. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 175, and 
. Euph. Ie. t. 120; Calycopeplus paucifolius, Baill. Adans. vi. 319. 
=- W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 669: Canning river, Preiss. 
2. C. marginatus, Benth. Branches ji peste rigid, virgate and 
almost leafless as in C. apis but either flattened or angular as in 
Amperea spartioides. Leaves very fem. sm all linear ^ que deciduous 


94 CVIH. EUPHORBIACEEX. [ Calycopeplus, 


the other, Pedicel of the female flower short, the perianth deeply 
divided into 4 broad white-bordered lobes like those of the in nvoluere | 
but longer, nie as long as the ovary at the time of flowering, persist- - 
it, und the edges usualy crenulate. Capsule ovoid, 
gla abrous, NL 3 lines long. Styles united in a short slender column | 
| spreading upwards, dt and entire. Seeds smooth, 
oam ate i 
. W. Australia. o Cape Riche, Drummond, 5th coll. n. 213. 
iphedra arborea, F. Muell. Syst. Arr. Pl. Carpentaria, 14 (App. Journ. Lanes 
. E aueh Hered), referred to pel doubtful species by Parlatore in, DC. Prod. xvi. 
e from the foot of Newcastle Range iu North Australi ia, appears to me most likely to | 
a third species sd EP es with the sessile flower- heads of C. ephedroides and 
ie angular branc C. margina'us. in the specimens are, however, - 
all so deformed by ya sa that Abou true structure cannot be ascertained. 


M 


RIBE 2, STENOLOBEJE.—Flowers distinct (not enclosed in a cal 
involucre), both sexes with a perianth. Embryo linear, 
cotyledons not at all or scarcely broader than the radicle. Shrubs 
often heath-like, — syay coriaceous leaves or rarely herbs with 
small membranous lea 


The principal j 
E ero Australian tribe, from the tribes of PAyllanthec end Crotonece afr 
that deriv die posset is probably constant, although rarely to be ascertained in 


confounded with Croton easily kno T eir stamens and s style. The other 
genera have no SEARES of their habit either in Phyllanthece or Crotonee. 


3. PORANTHERA, Rudge. 


Flowers moneecious. Male fl.: Calyx ee van deeply Mies into 
5 segments imbricate in the bud. Petals all or asion nally 
oma with a small gland at the base of adi pow mens 5, , oppii 
the calyx segments ; anther-cells completely divided, forming 4 distin 
IM LT in terminal pores either Ups distinct or at length con- 


ense 

racemes almost contracted into heads, each one in the axil of a floral leaf 

or bract, the head-like racemes solitary or more frequently several in à 
termin leafy c 

. The genus is limited to Australia, 


Poranthera.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 55 


- Leaves dimas, sessile or shortly contracted sa the base. Plants usually 
e bas 


Plant rarely above 6-8 in. high. Ts aves «i much revolute mar- 
ins. Flower-he: ee soli itary or in close corymbs. 
Stipules jagged or toothed. Eastern plant . . . . . . . 1. P. ericifolia. 
Stipules entire. Western or 8. ee plant 2. P. ericoides. 


more. af-margins less revolute. 
Flower-heads Ia corymbose 
m rather slender, rarely oct above 1 ft. cer seen 
Aes C P s . P. Huegelii. 
Plant 3 ft. high. Eastern specie mbosa. 
Leaves a or linear-spathulate contracted into a long petiolo. 
Diffuse slender annual with small flower. . . 5, P. microphylla. 


oe Dior Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 302, t. 22. A small 


a 
FE 
m 
2E 
TH 


t 
- half so long as the calyx. Female flowers fina pits the males, at the 
- base of the race eme, the calyx and a similar but rather smaller. 
1 Glpeulé about 1 line diameter.— Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 191. 
LUN. ^x idees Port Jackson, R. Brown, Sieber, n. 118, Woolls, and others. 

. 9. P. ericoides, Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. ii, 2382.. A small undershrub 
d dk iie P. ericifolia, with the same heath-like crowded leaves, 
3 compact inflorescence sometimes reduced to a single M -like 
., raceme at the end of the branch, but the tipule appear to be constantly 
quite entire. It is either quite glabrous or very slightly scabrous 


E rdg .—Muell. po o eo Prod. xv. ii. 191; pice 

| Pl. Preiss. ii. 232 Kl. 1.c. 231, Muell. Are l.c. 192 (with 
- rather more pi evloped foresee) £P. arbuscula, Sond. in Linnea, 
| xxviii. 567; catricosa, F. Muell. (ined. ?) 


t 


S. PRENNE Yoda do. F. Mueller. 
W.A g George's Sound to Swan river, Baxter, Drummond, 1st 


] veloped eie AER Lente v but many even ences these with the compact racem 
messem or nea 


to the smaller forms of e eastern P. corymbosa. Leaves more iuto 
- than in P. ericoides, less crowded, and not so much revolute. Flowers 
. in a looser less corymbose panicle, the lower or all the branches m 
. longer than the subtending leaves. oft and fruits the same as 1 
that species.—Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 192. 

W. Australia, Drummond; King George's iot Preiss, n. 2047, F. Mueller, 


} E 
56 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJ. [ Poranthera, — 


and others; Blackwood and Kalgan rivers, Oldfield; eastward along the coast from 3 
Cape Arid to Cape Paisley, Maxwell. 4 


Euph. t. 25, £. 1 to 9; P. arbuscula, Sieb. Pl. exs. (the young in- 
florescence not yet fully developed); P. ericifolia, Hu B 

Archiv. t. (raised from Port Jackson seeds and not the western 
P. Huegelii). 
. IN. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, 


Sieber, n. 116, 117, and many others; Illawarra, A. mningham, Shepherd; neat 
Mount Imlay, Twofold Bay, F. Mueller (smaller specimens coming very néar to P. 
Huegelii). 3 


hylla (p y B. 
ow diffuse glabrous slender annual, sometimes becoming hard at the 
base, the branches ascending to from 3 to 6 in. Leaves fr | 
spathulate to obovate, obtuse, tapering into a rather long petiole, flat or 


pete 


s often much elongated.—Muell Arg. in DC. Pr 
Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. ii. 230; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 343; P. Drummondi 
Klotzsch, l.c. 231. 
_. N. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 54. 
V febri Sandy Cape and Keppel Bay, R. Brown; Port Curtis, I‘ Gillivray, 
eavour river, A, Cunningham ; Brisbane river, Prentice. 
N.S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R, Brown, A. & R. Cum 
ningham, and others; Bathurst, A. Cunningham; New England, C. Stuart; Hastings 
eckler. ie 
ictoria. Melbourne, Adamson; Buffalo Range, F. Mueller; Wendu Vale, 
Robertson ; Portland, Allitt ; Wimmera, Dal y. ES 
Tasmania. A common weed from the sea-coast to the tops of the mountains, J. D. 


Hooker. 
S. Australia. Mount Gambier, St. Vincent's and Spencer's Gulfs, Torrens river, 

F, Mueller, and others ; 
W.A i ; 


. Australia. King George's Sound, Preiss, n. 2045, F. Mueller ; Swan river, 
Drummond, 1st. coll. n. 675, Preiss, n. 2048; eastward to Cape Arid, Maxwell. 


— Micrantheum.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 57 


4. MICRANTHEUM, Desf. 
al Baill.) 


r8o 
2 parallel cells ook longitadios nally. Rudimentary ovary small and 
lobed. Female 4. : Perianth of the males. Query ges and 3-celled, 


together in the upper dili the males on short pedicels, the females 
usually sessile. 

. . The genus is limited to Australia. 

ENNME o0, S 1.0 1-4 $0. x ION AC 1. M. ericoides. 

| Stmensó . P A - 2s Are 2. M. hecandrim. 


M. Mund i Desf. in Mem. Mus. Par. iv. 253, t. 14. A heath- 
| like shrub of 1 to 2 ft., the branches and sometimes the foliage hirsute, 


about 3 or rarely 4 lines long, glabrous and smooth or scabrous- 
pubescent. Flowers in the axils of oral leaves which are often 
solitary or only 2 together, the males on pedicels shorter than the 
leaves. Perianth-se dart ovate or oval-oblong, about iline long, 
_ the inner ones flat, the outer concave and smaller. Rudimentary ovary 
sg 3-lobed. Female flowers larger, the inner perianth-segments 
E es long. xo gates about 3 lines long.— 

F DC. "Prod. xv. ii. 195; M. boroniaceum, F. Muell. hin i. 32. 

; Burnett river, F. Mue 

EY ge Doe Ri pens 2d others ; fener | Creek, Leichhardt. 


2. M. hexandrum, Hook. f. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 283, FI. T. 
i 942. An erect shrub, attaining ie A of rivers 8 to 10 ft., gaiti 
. glabrous or the UE ee scent. Leaves in threes, "linear 
id en Los aprosding than in M. ericoides. 


ts a 
M. ericoides.— Caletia mierantheoides, Baill. Etud. Euph. 554, t. 26, f. 1 to 
. 18, Adans. vi. 326 ; ri p eese Muell. Arg. in DC. Brod. xv. ii. 194. 


58 © CVIII EUPHORBIACE Æ, [Mierantheum, 


. S. Wales. Cox’s river, A. ad ; George river, Macarthur ; Camden 1 
"e d Berrima, Woolls ; Pests Shepher 3 
Victoria. Genoa river and Buffalo range F. Mueller " 
asmania. Port Dalry Ms R. Brown; dist. shady ravines near Launceston, 
Laurence, kir and vec : South Ek. river, Archer 
This es has been very er f UE e arepe te as a genus from M. ericoides on 
account of a supposed difference in the position of the sepia ovary in the E 
owers, cedit à is P slightly affecte ed by the ifere rence in the number of stamens. 
pue of the carpels of the female rds d to the peek A is the same in both | 1 
Specie 1 


5. PSEUDAN THUS, Sieb. 


ne abortive. blong, 1-celled, 1-s 
alves oblong, smooth, carunculate 
ledons longer but megane conga than the coun 
Leaves opposite or alte small, coriaceous, obtuse, with thick 


margins ue ie Get ponent underneath. Stipules small, subulate 
Plow ers small, sessile or shortly punc] » 
e upper er one mal ape several together, the females more 
sessile, solitary and aliens. or with one or m les. 
us is endemic in Australia. It is ge — "ag: dia as having the st 
united in a central column without any rudimentary o have only found ta to 


by its bud leaves, and by the cred constantly l-celled and 1-seeded by aborti 
e stamens vary in number in both ge 


Stamens 6. Eastern 


Male perianth- vitiis om linea ar, 5-6 line 1. P. pimeleoides. 
— — xr segments ovate or dioe: Mashti c “line 
ong o 


Leaves ar ovate, 1-2 sen mg Perianth 1 line long, 
ner stamens near "M 


Stamen N E E E te jy ben dicte 
Stamens 3 . . P. micranthus. 
Leaves abel ovate. or orbicular, xs id lines long. Fd 
line on a still shorter emp E nensi very short . 4, P. divaricatissimus. 


+ Leaves mostly oblong-lin a 2-4 lines long. Peri anth 
4 line on a je longer ie itself, " Stamens rins . 5. P. orientalis. 
Stame ens 9-20. stern speci 
. Male perianth pedisdieie the : segments n o al — and 
ut j line long. Branches minutely pube 6. P. virgatus. 
Male perianth sessile, 5 of the se india i def iong, th the sixth 
filiform, red and 2-3 lines. Plant glabro . 7. P. nematophorus. 


Pseudanthus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE, 59 


1. P. pimeleoides, Sieb. in Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post. 95. An erect 
much-branched glabrous shrub 1 to 2 ft. high. tears alternate, 


ines 
s clustered at the ends of the casas shortly. 


. —Muell. "Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 196; Endl. Atakta, H, t. 11, the 

p analysis copied in Flora, 1839, ii. t. 4; Baill. Etud. Euph. t. t. 95 5,£ 16. 
retis ei cay Burdekin Expedition ; Whitsuiday island, C. Moore ; pilis Bay, 

uH egit 

i . S. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Sieber, n. 292 and Fl. Mixt. 
n. 528, ien verme Shoalhaven, C. Moore; lllawarra, Shepher erd. 


mde gt Muell. in Trans. we Inst. Vict. ii. 60. A 


ncave or E eomp icate TA often recurved at e 
icellate in the upper axils; Pa white, the 
ai not very eia, about 1 line long. Stamens 6 round 


| ‘with white margins. Ovary narrow. Fruit not seen.— Caletia ovali [;folia, 
| Muell. Arg. in suite. xxxiv. 55 and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 194; Baill. 
Lets vi. 327. 

3 Victoria. Monnt Zero, Grampians, Wilhelmi. 

— Tasmania. Flinders Islan d, Milligan. 

_ _3. P. micranthus, Benth. A small rigid much-branched glabrous 
- shrub, Tos nig HS scarcely angular. Leaves very shortly 


60 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. [Pseudanthus, — 


flowers examined, nearly 1 line long when full-grown. Ovary narrow, 4 
2-celled or nearly 3-celled, tapering into as many long etel styles 
or re ni lobes. Capsule obliquely ovoid, about 2 lines long, with | | 
a single s : 
|. S. Au bini Near serene Whittaker. 


scattered, mostly ornate, ova or Fides i a lto 2 fios longi 1 
rved at the 


recurved at end but scarcely concave. Flowers very small in the - 
e ils, the males on pedicels not longer than the perianth. 
erianth-segments ovate, a about 4 line long, the inner one 
rather larger than the « Stamens 6, all ete the inner filamen 


Wales. King's Tableland, ing pe ara at an elevation of 3000 ft, 4. 
Piedad Blue Mountains, R. Ounnin P 


Var. orbiculare. Leaves oiu trey f rie diameter. T 
Victoria. Summits of the ro cky mountains on the M‘Alister river, Mount Macedon — 
and granite rocks on the Yowaka river, F. Mueller 3 
orientalis, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 14. A Sie dicun branched. 1 

glabrous "init: Leaves wine xabeldy alternate, often crowded, 3 


abortion.— Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 197 ; Caletia orientalis, br 
Adans. vi. 827; C. linearis, Muell. Arg. in Linnæa, xxxii. 79 a 
DC. Prod. xv. ii. 194; Baill. Adans. vi. 327. 
N. S. Wales. Sandhills near Port Jackson and Botany Bay, A. and R. Cu 
ham, Mossman, F. Mueller ; Tweed river, C. Moore; also in Leichhardt’s vcllectid 
6. P. virgatus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 56 and in DC. Prod. XY 3 
ii. "uf A low Seelen the branches sometimes diffuse or straggling and — 
" Sometimes more erect and shorter, more or less 


} line long. Stamens varying from about 8 to 15, or lire aps more, 
clustered but always with a small rudiment of the ovary in the centre, 


- Pseudanthus.| | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEX., 61 


the inner ones or nearly all as pone as the perianth, and all free or very 
shortly connate at the dnd Female flowers sessile and solitary, alone 
. or with the males. Gods ovoid, 1-seeded, pud y ex long when 
X ripe.— Chrysostemon virgatus, Klotzsch in Pl. Pre . 939; Pseudan- 
- thus occidentalis, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 107; Chorizot ai micrantheoides, 
iem i —— n Linnen, : p 76. 

[ lia. Drummond, ist coll. n. 725 ; 5th coll. n. 222; near Bakewell, 
1 Pres n "1230; Kalgan irte Oldfield, F. Mueller ; ; Fitzgerald and Gardner rivers, 
 Maxwe 


n erb. 
1 DC., Nos to be from ‘kine George’ s Sound, Cumming Meses for A. y; rl 
_ as Cumming never was there) is unknown — on agrees | with P. 


. thec uster; perianth-segments narrow, acute, usually 4 ary 
q ed. Capsule Mert rather acute, about 2 lines up "a Pulse 


d 
ustralia. Murti river, r, Oldfield, Dino, 6th ~*~ n. 89. 


6. STACHYSTEMON, Planch. 


_ Flowers monecious. Male fl.: Perianth rather rigid, of 6. s pipar 
. nearly equal and entire. rie indefinite, united in a central colum 

_ the anthers sessile on irregul rotuberances or borne on distinct fila: 
. ments, each with 2 ees distinct parallel cells, opening outwards in 
2 valves. No rudimentary ovary. Female fl: Perianth-segments 
broader and pea aisig than in the males and — fringed. Ovary - or 
. rarely 3-lobed, with thick diverging sti c lobes, 9- or rarely 3-celled 


[ nate, small ; coriaceous, obtuse with the midrib or keel prominent under- 
. neath. Stipules very small Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, 
. clustered at the ends of the brauches, usually several males with 1 to 3 


62 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Stachystemon. 


females. Staminal pu sometimes very long and “cylindrical, and 
always exceeding the peria 
us is endemic in vnnd and closely allied to kt praet ot only - 
in the stamens (hited in n a column without any central rudiment of the o 
Stamens 10-25, the sang filaments almost free from the column, 
the inner or upper ones very short . 1. 8. polyandrus. 
 Stamens very fe calle ‘all sessile on a long cylindrical column. ; 
Leaves oblong, under } in. long. Anthers pros packed on a : 
column of less than 4 in 2. S. brachyphyllus. 
Leaves linear, py i in. dong. Anthers not dense, on a column : 
more 3. S. vermicularis. 


1. S.p olyandrus, Benth. rd glabrous E the stems in all the 


together from oc ck. Leaves very ghees enoli or almost 
sessile, riom or ian Fra or slightly wd concave and eeled, 
rarely above 4 in. long and pper ones tein wers in termin 
clusters, sessile arly so iei o 8 e with 1, 2 or more 
males ale perianth ** yellow" about 1 line long. Andreecium from 
a little longer than, to twice as long as the perianth, consisting of from 
o 25 stamens, of whic e outer ones have their ene free 
re to the base, the inner ones more or less united in a column, and 


es 2 or 3 anthers sessile or nearly so " the top of the column. : 

uL páxitath about 2 line long, the segments broad thin and fringed 
on the margin. Ovary 2-celled. Capsule not seen.—Pseudanthus 
polyandrus, F. Muell. Fragm. ii.: 153; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. it 
196; P. ehryseus, Muell. Arg. in Flora, 1864, 48 and in DO. ies le. 
ustrali on 5th coll. n. 221; ‘Oldfield river, Maz E 

aperin connects in some measure Stachystemon with Pse udanthus, but T! find the | 
ns always really united, without ag trace of the rudimentary ovary, and have . 
ean transferred it to Stach, ystemo E 


hyphyllus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. 76, and in DC. 1 


4 lin 

per having the a appearance of er l-celled anthers. Female | 
perianth-segments fully 1 vn , broad, acute or acuminate, much | 
imbricate with fringed margins. Ova with: 2 long "abr stigmatic d 
lobes. oe ovoid, rr nearly 8 iwi long, with a single seed. 

W. Australia. Disecnid, 4th coll. n. 95.—This species had we. ud distin- 
Sed is the Hookerian poa bas by Planchon, with the manuscript name of © 
brevifolius, which Mueller Arg. in common fairness ought to have adopte 
. 8. S. vermicularis, P pss in Hook, Lond. Journ. iv. 471, t. 15. An 
erect, glabrous shrub, writ virgate stems of about 1 ft. Leaves linear, 
acute or obtuse, not so thick as in the preceding species and 4 to 8 lines 


hi 


Stachystemon. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 63 


f long. Inflorescence * S. d "e vam males nd more 
f males 


bro th 
. ones sometimes reduced to s ander fila ments. den deeply di divided 
apsule not 
Seen. iMi ell. Arg. in DO. Prod. x 
W. Australia.. Swan river, Dakai. p doll. n. 234, Clarke. 
7. BEYERIA, Miq. 
(Calyptrostigma, Klotzsch ; Beyeriopsis, Muell. Arg.) 


d or aer n: Male fl.: Calyx of 5 


1 pe » enlarging after flowering. Ovar ry 9-celled, entire, with 1 ovule 
ri cell; stigma sessile, broad, entire or 3- lobe , peltate eT flat 


or um or less caly triform and almost conical, more rarely iw ly 


he radicle.— 
n more or less glutinous, with alternate leaves, usually 
| ith recurved or revolute margins, white undernea ha 
¢ Mose islas pubescence Flowers small, axillary, the males solitary 
or in clusters of 2 or 3, rarely racemose, the females solitary. 
The geuus is Binited to Kostfulli: 
4 Sec ubeyeria.—Anthers twice as long as broad, adnate to an entire or 
areal lob ied connective. Stigma entire or scarcely lobed. — Éastern species (one species 


Leaves slong lanceolate or broadly linear, flat or with recurved 

mar n 
Tiniis san stly 1 1-2 in. long. C labrus . . . . . l. B. viscosa. 
Leaves mostly 1-2 in. long. Capsule hairy . . 2. B. lasiocarpa. 
Leaves under 1 in., gier narrow. Capsule glabrous . - « « 8. B. opaca, 
aves narrow-linear almost terete with a hooke pont . . . 4. B. uncinata. 


Beyeriopsis.—Anthers short, the cells quite distinct, either adnate to 
thenly lobed connective or orant ater with the connective more entire. Stigma 


aves ovate or lanceolate, rdate at the base. Petals 
glabrous or seb: Ps to — insid 


ves broadly ov: rg in Mai — pa A pu- 
bunt, iaai ihin the perian setis . 


5. B. latifolia. 


64 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 


Leave sorata not giesediog HH in. Male pedicels ry short 
thick and hirsu 
Leaves mostly lan eola ate, the argins ‘much revolute. Male 
Is hoidet iboi vine than the perianth 


2 
a 
Ei 
n 
Fy 
o 
e 
= 
a 
o 
Z 
c 
et 
o 
e 
Qo -a 


narrow, sessile or tapering into a short. petiole. "Petals 
usually hirsute inside, at least at the 
rid oblong, with D E prd “Peta broad, rather 


"S 
£, 
a 

ES 
g 
= 

= 
2 
© 


un 
Petals articular, Capsule oblique, 1-seeded. 
sule 2-horned o ins fertile side . 
Ovary and epsule withont a ipid ages 
m small and irregular, often xdg: Capsule equally 
eeded . 12 


. 
[n 
— 


Secr. 3. Oxygyne SR ew ce si Dereipin Stigma deeply 3-lobed. Male flower 
in a loose raceme.— Tropical s 


Leaves ovate or lanceolate, ae at the base, 1-14 in. long . 13. B. tristigma, 


. Szcr. 1. EuBEYERIA.—ÀAnthers twice as long as broad, adnate to an 
entire or scarcely lobed connective. Species all aren Eastern ex 
the common B. viscosa, which extends also into W. Australia 

‘he differences in the anthers of the two sections, although as RAT by Bail 
not marked eorn to ju gre stify the maintenance of distinct genera, when some spe 
such as B. visco mmon e otherwise so nearly allied, is yet v 
easily observed wii det two are compar usd, 


1 iscosa, Mig. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, i. 950, t. 15. 
shrub or tree, the flowering and fruiting branch usually vis 


alyx-segments ” broad, cela oured, 
Anthers (about 3 line long) es as ades) as broad, the cells who. 
adnate to the entire connective. . Female calyx smaller than the 
tbe thickened pedicel appe to form part of it, the segments na 
with frequently smali glands b aaiae with them, Ovary nearly ¢ 
bular, the large calyptriform sessile stigma closely appressed 
young, raised and flat or concave when fully out. Capsule o 
Ave K about 4 lines long, hard and glutinous, 3-celled and 
à . Prod. xv. ii. 202; Croton viscosum, Labill. Pl. 
Holl. ii. 72, t. 222; Uy aeo de viscosum and C, ob inp, Klo 
in Pl. Preise i 176; eyeria oblongifolia, Hook, f£ FLT i. 939. 
Siler son Mount iio and Cape | jones 8, 4. Cunningham ; Moi 
F. Mueller ; sources of Cape dep eot E Mount. Wheeler, ‘Sutherland. 
ales. Blue puit s, B, Cunnin ngham ; Liverpool plains, A. 
Rap ed ne = Mi — u; pm "England, 6: Stuart ; between the Lachis 


Busen Hem mà 
abil illa lardior ; Port Dalrymple and Derwent river, R. rtm 
det a m places sapada on the.rocky banks of rivers, J. D. Hooke 


Beyeria.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACES. 65; 


|. W. Australia. | goes Net, Drímmond, Harvey; Rottenest island, Preiss, m. 
2387 ; Sharks ety 


e E 
broader than T the Eastern ones in those í ni Tot mania and from the Blue Moun- 
tains they are large and long, and the owes prr niii in the interior of N. 8.’ 
Wales and in d both nd and flowers are smaller 
2. B. lasiocarpa, F. Muell; Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 59, a 

DC. Prod. xv. ii. 201. A tall almost plewirooh shrub, closely erede 
_ the larger broader-leaved forms of B. viscosa and r ecently re by 
F. Mueller as a variety only, but ocigindily distinguishe im a 


pP N. s. w "ON T wofold ‘a j^ Mueller ; 

. intermediate in several respects between the (rios B. viscosa and the 

X fro C. Stuart, Leich astings river, Beckler; but the vpédimehé 

. are scarcely sufficient to determine whether the two should be retained as ep or 
varieties. 


3. B. opaca, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 16, and in Hook, 


viii. 210. rect shrub of 1 to 2 ft, “ase allied to 

BB. viscosa, of which F. Mueller Sonst it a variety, "with more slender 

stems and smaller leaves and flowers. Leaves rarely above 1 in. long 

and mostly 4 to , oblong or iier: linear MENT. ovate, very obtuse, 

with dh margins or nearly flat, pale or very white underneath. 
w 


. Hook. f. FI. Tam. i. 339; m mma? Leschena i, DC. Bet Veg i i 
= 444; B. Leschenaultii, Baill. natem vi. 307. y 
4 N. S. Wales. Euryalean scrub, Fras 
E. sterio, Sea-coast, fu Fairy, Dess; 7 Cos Otway, F. Mueller; Murray river, 
; Faora. Islands of Bass's Straits, R. Brown, Gunn, Backhouse, Milligan, 
M: Gow., 
* S. Au: mory Cove, Port Lincoln and Kangaroo island, R. Brown; 
: sors river to aes pele spi: Miet Point Nepean ae and Guichen Bay, F. Mueller ; 
. Rivoli Bay, aP bert. rt Linco i i 
... Var. linea peki narrow- vanis A ode or Marco 1-14 in. long, with revo- 
: lute AQ ates on the Macalister, F. Mueller; nempe Blandowski. 
|. 4, B. uncinata, F. Mucil.; Baill. Adans. vi. 306, An erect viscid 
sh rub, with slender slightly paroent i scan Leaves almost sen. 


ale flowers unknown. Female flowers like those of B. opaca, but 
. much iia Baillon further distinguishes it by the thinner calyx- 
Segments, more free from the ovary, a and by the very caducous stigma, 
| distinctions however scarcely warranted by the specimens. 

S. Australia? Murray desert, F. Mueller. 

VOL. VI. . F 


66 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. | Beyeria. j 


` SECT. 9. BEYERIOPsIs:.—Anthers short, the cells quite distinct, 4 
either sinite to a deeply 2-lobed connective, or partially free with the 1 
ective more entire. ij ies all Western. 1 


5. B. latifolia, Baill. Adans. vi. 304. A more or less viscid shrub 


owers moncecious, both sexes solitary in our specimens, on slender 
pedicels of 3 in. or more. Calyx-segments about j line long, road, 


eg " 
tinct, attached by the centre, with minute appendages at-the end. 
* Beyeriopsis seared, Muell. Ar rg. i n DC. Prod. xv. ii. 200. 


6. B. cygnorum, Baill. Adans. vi. 309. A much-branched more 
less pubescent shrub. . pom ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, rounded 
ors pmi cordate at the tA the margins rrr revo olu te, 3 to 6 lines 


the males, the calyx quite glabrous. Petals small. Ovary than ths at 
the top, the peltate dee not very large. ip^ oett is cygnorum, Muell. 
rod. xv. ii. 199. 


W. Australia. CAM a Moore and Murchison rivers, Drummond, 6th coll. n. 86. 


n — Baill. Adans. vi. 909. A much-branched erect shrub, 
more or less scab desir nce or shortly hispid and possibly glutinous. 
Leaves lanceolate or Neto e ate, with the 
revolute as to appear linear, rather acu cute, rounded or almost cordate at 
he base, 3 to 5 lines long, on i petioles of about 1 line. Flowers in the 
wai ih seen all males, solitary or 2 or 3 together on filiform dicels 
rather longer than the petioles. Calyx-segments Niet g po 
about 2 line long, each with a very prominent dor 
berance near the base. Petals rather shorter than th e calyx, orici 
labrous. Stamens numerous, anthers short, the cells distinct, i^ 
with E appendages, those of 3 central stamens vr md la ipd diee 
i —B sis cinerea, Muell. Arg. in DC. Pro 
lia. Swan river, Vbi 1st coll. n. Khir Emis species at first 
c M oci spice B. cygnorum, but the flowers are differe 
yanescens, Benth, Branches short, rM grey but 
Oa o crowded, broadly ovate or ‘ovate-lanceolate ; 


EE 


Beyeria.| CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 67 


margins much revolute, } in. long, stellate-pubescent when young but 
becoming glabrous above, white-tomentose underneath. Pedicels of the 
male flowers slender, Petals zigi id, geared inside,—Beyeriopsis cyaneseens, 
Mue o run n DC. Prod. x 
ustralia. “Iles nae PN a Arpipslago Herb. Mus. P, 
wi. ge: m E have not seen this plant, and am not sure which of the islands off the 
south or west coast were provisionally designated under the no name, which a ppear: 
never to have been publi lished, 
. B. lepidopetala, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 990. A viscid shrub of 

several feet, the branches sprinkled with a scabrous stellate pubescence. 

eaves on very short petioles, oblong or linear, 3 to 1 in. long, rather 
‘thick, obtuse with revolute margins, glabrous ‘above, white-tomentose 


species thickening upwards after lowering. Malec i po Sra e d 
orbicular, about 2 line pagpasa, much imbricate. Petals short, broad, 
hairy inside, alternating with 5 prominent disk-glands. Stamens 
numerous ; anther- cells short, distinet, each with à small terminal 


0 d 
‘than in the ihn a paai larger an nd op but yet peri than the 


XV. 
J Danei, Murchison river, ari 
similis, Baill. Adans. vi. 309. An erect zr with mme 


Leaves sessile or nearly 80, inear, obtuse, with revolut ute magina, mos 


axils on pedicels of ed 11 e, the females solitary on pedicels a at 
first very short but gre Me under the fruit to 5 or 6 lines. Male 
. calyx-segments orbicular, very concave, dt Es dosi line 
long. tals shorter, with a short tuft of hairs inside at the base. 
Aather-cll adnate to a connective deeply lobed in the outer ones, less 
_ 80 in the inner ones. Female calyx-segments thicker than in the males, 
| the etals small and irregular. Ovary with 2 ovate or horn-like ap- 
| ges on we si o, moih enlarges ane after flowering, throwin 
the rather s abate ne to the other side. 
Capsule “hod pie 21 to eir lines vni usually 1-seeded on ‘the horned 
Side, the other cells remaining unenlarged. bos d opsis similis, Muell. 
Arg. i n "DC. Prod. xv. ii. 200. 

W. Australia. Between Moore and Murchison rivers, Drummond, 6th coll. n. 86. 


B. brevifolia, Baill. Adans. vi. 309. A branching heath-like 
2c glabrous but apparently viscid. Leaves linear, obtuse, with 
revolute margins, tapering into a short petiole, } to 4 in. or rarel 
longer. Flowers moncecious, both males and females on slender glabrous 
pedicels, often j in. long in the females, shorter in the 8. owers 
of B. similis although in one of the two males examined D ould not 


68 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, ( Beyeria. 


find the petals, the ovary and capsule similarly oblique and one-seeded — 
by abortion, but without the two horns or appendages of that species, - 
and the stigma larger T AUS conical.— Beyeriopsis brevifolia, - 
Arg. in DG. xp xv. ii. 201. 

W. Australia. aa Cape Riche, ideni = coll. n. 215.—The species 
very closely bin t both B. similis and B. D 


12. B. 
rod. xv. ii. 201. ah erect aie slightly viscid ri of 2 2 to 3 fey 


he fruit to 2 
peo egmen " eie a i only 4, 1 to 14 lines long. Petals v 
small and KA. isk continuous, irregularly 


= ein ied 5th se n. 214, 220, aa ja ?) n. 13; Middl 
Moost Barren and Fitzgerald river, Maxwell. 
Sect. 3. Oxyayne. F. Muell.—Anthers of Beyeriopis. ER deep! 
divided. into 3 narrow lobes. Male flowers in a loose racem 
18. B. tristigma, F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 181. A small di shru 


quite distinct. Female flowers on a pedicel of lin. o 
when in fruit, either solitary at the end of the branches or 1 or 2 at th 
‘base of the male raceme, smaller than the males at the time of flowe ^ 
ing, but the caly x-segments enlarging under the fruit to nearly 1 line. 
Ovary capsule and seed of the genus, but one roms divided to the 
or nearly so into 3 narrow flat recurved lo 
land. nchinbrook island, Rocki pd: i ay, Dallachy. The racem 
male flowers, the pni much longer than the calyx, and the divided. stigma or st 
bring this species near to Ricinocarpus, but the stamens are entirely those o 
et - M AR lobes are closely recurved as in that m to which on the who 
the nearest related. 


8. RICINOCARPUS, Desf. 

Reeperia, Spreng.) 
Flowers moncecious. Male fl.: Calyx deeply divided into t to, 
usually 5 lobes or segments. Petals as many as calyx-lobes and u: 


dari 
E Ber: plant with lanceolate leaves. ` Glands stipitate, adnate 


Male Siva several in a 


= Ricinocarpus.) CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 69 


on purely deficient. Glands as niay as petals and alternating with 
numerous, unite a central column without an 


ag ; filaments shor dy free; anthers reflexed, with 


ean ary ; 
iai de eao opening moms longitodin ally in 2 valves. Female f. : 


2-valved. cocci. Seeds ee sony arunculate. Em ryo (where 


ores solitary or d or the males rarel racemose, terminal or 
rely apparently axillary from Ms. ries of the lowering branch, 
the emales either alone or surrou or by the side of "the male 
cluster or raceme.  Pedicels ds e sd by small scale-like 
bracts, and often bearing a pair of bracteoles. 
The genus is limited to Australia. 


A: plants t: linear leaves. Flowers T or clus- 
— Species all Western except 2. pi pee à 
Stiles deciduous or none, Male calyx, vided scarcely 
below the middle. 
Female ES deciduous Capsule more or less tuberculate 
or ech 
Capsule obtu use, as broad as long, densely muricate 
tyle-branches nearly terete, "o" or recurved. WES 
erred: spec es i iid lin 1. R. pinifolius. 
y meatag nearly "twice as ong "as broad, s E 
tuberculate. Styles of R. pinifolius.— Western species 2. R. tuberculatus. 


Capsule bac yey weal tuberculate. Sii 
flatte ed . . 8. R. cyanescens. 


. R. psilocladus. 


» 


Female pae Serb and much enlar ged 
Br racteoles airs Male calyx d divided p to the base, 
Capsule quite 


5. R. glaucus. 


to the calyx segments.—Doubtful Tasmanian specie . R. major. 


Branches and calyx tomentose. Flowers solitary or clustered. 
m 


Leaves linear, the mar siewen given iners 1 in. long. ; 
Petals longer than the calyx. Ovary m 7. R. Bowmanni. 
Leaves Baies the eig revolute, : e o» i que Petals R. ledif bd: 


e 


| Leaves linear the margins has Sicut 1} to 3i in. long. B us 
Pe uch werni than the calyx. Ovary tomentose . 9. R. rosmarinifolius. 
Leaves eshe drag flat, hoary on poh sides, M w 3: in. long. 
Petals much shorter than i ihe os yx. Ovary tomentose . 1 
yg ne E TAE 2 to ar in. ong, the "TT ORIS 


volute . 11. R. speciosus. 


e 


R. marginatus. 


race 
Branches and inflorescence yanheatube: Petals longer than 
the calyx. Ovary densely hirsute 
Branches and inflorescence glabrous, glutinous. | Petals none. 
Ovary glabro rous. 


. 12. R. trichophorus. 


Styles shortly 2 . 13. R. muricatus. 


70 CVIIT. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ ieinoearpus. 
. R. pinifolius, Desf. in Mem. Mus. Par. iii. 459, t. 22. An erect 
ea shrub of 2to 3 ft. Leaves rather crowded, linear, mucronate 0 
most obtuse, with the margins revolute to the midrib, 3 to 14 in. lon 
ntraeted into a short petiole. Flowers in a terminal Cluster, usuall 
r female tom 3 to 6 males, but denen m" the or th 


147; Echi inospheera rosmarinoides, Sieb. Pl. Exs.; Hicinocarpus sideformis, 
F. Muell in several Herb., quoted by Baill Etud. Euph. 344 
R. sidefo lius 


warra iM BA. 
ctoria, Port P and Melbourne, Gunn, Adamson, F. Mueller, and oie 
Wilson’ s Promontory per Hin ton to Cape Howe, F. Nn and others. 
i. smania. Abundant on sandhills near the sea on the north coast, Gunn an 
others. 


2. R. éileledlatos, Muell. Arq. in Linned, xxxiv. 60, an 


Australia. Lacky Bay, R Brown, kaha 4th dt n. 84. 


3. R. cyane scens, Muell Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 60, and in DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 205. An erect glabrous much-branched shrub of 4 to 10 ft. 
the foliage assuming often- a bluish tint in the dried state. Leave 
Ren rom under 1 t to near 1 in. long, rather terrd more spreading an 
the margins much less revolute than in R. plausus 
Flowers often solitary, the malés sofoétiioó 2 to 41 together; pedic 
rather longer than the leaves, without ‘bracteoles at the time of flower 
ing. Calyx emite 13 lines long, divided to about the middle. Petal: 
nearly 4 in. , Villous inside at the base. Glands glabrous, Female 
esl rather hace than the male and more deeply divided, falling away 


MFR 


‘Petals twice as lone. 


RS EAR 


W. Austr 
. Oldfield; Cham 
£F. 
1 


-Ricinocarpus. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. "1 


very early. Ovary contracted at the top into a very short neck, 
crowned by the deeply divided styles, which are somewhat flattened 
spreading from the base and then incurved. Capsule j in. long an 

nearly as broad, acuminate, tuberculate. 

W. Australia, Drummond, 4th coll. 86 in part, and Suppl. n. 15; sandy places 
along the coast from Esperance Bay to Cape Paisley and Port Malcolm, Maxwell. 

This species is united with R, glaucus by Baillon, Adans. vi. 295; but besides the 
different foliage and the absence of peiri Ai the calyx and above all the ovary styles 
and capsule are very different. ; 

4. R. psilocladus, Benth. A glabrous or scabrous shrub, resembling - 
some forms of R. glaucus, but more rigid, the branches somewhat 
flexuose. Leaves linear, with much revolute margins, $ to 


Female flower not seen, but t 
fruiting calyx evidently enlarged with coriaceous lobes nearly 4 lines 
long. Capsule not seen except the persistent axis which is about the 
length of the calyx.—Bertya gummifera B psiloclada, Muell. Arg. in 
DC. Prod. xv. ii. 210, quoted by Baillon Adans: vi. 299, as Bertya 
psiloclada, 

W. Australia, Drummond, 2nd or 3rd coll. n.153. Mueller Arg. must have de- 
termined this originally from a very bad specimen, for the one in the Hookerian herba- 
rium, which he has himself identified, although not good, is yet sufficient to show that it 
18 a Licinocarpus, and not a Bertya. : 

. ,9. R. glaucus, Endl. in Hueg. Enum. 18. An erect hare shrub 
of 1 to 2ft. Leaves very shortly petiolate, linear, with the margins 
revolute to the midrib, thicker than in A. pinifolius and usually shorter 
(4 to Lin. long) but very much like those of a few forms of that species. 
Flowers often solitary, but usually 2 to 4 males together, with or with- 


: out a female, on pedicels of 4 to lin., each subtended by a concave 
‘bract and bearing below the middle a pair of scale-like lanceolate 
‘bracteoles, which are often above 1 line long and usually persistent at 


the time of flowering. Male calyx about 1} lines long, divided nearly 
to the base into rather acute segments, ciliate inside. Petals white, 


‘smooth, obtuse, about 4 lines long and nearly as broad, surrounded by 
the persistent but scarcely enlarged calyx.—Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. ii. 
229 ;. Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 205; R. undulatus, Lehm. in Pl. 
Preiss. ii. 370. 

i i rummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 2016, 2017, 2031, 
ere Bay Cid m King pog Sound, R. Brown, Huegel eie 
ore ; towards Cape Riche, Drummond, 5th coll. n. 220; Cape Riche an 


* . -r 


"2 j CVIII. EUPHORBIACE®. [Rieinoearpus. 


56s Te marii, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 59, and in DC. Prod. 

ii. 204. A glabrous shrub. Leaves almost sessile, linear- EVER M 
„lanceolate, the von slightly recurved, obtuse or apiculate, contracted | 
at the base, above 1 n. long and 3 to 4 lines i those of the lateral - 

M 


.branches smaller. ale flowers unknown. Female flowers on very | 
short pedicels. Calyx nearly 3 lines long, persistent. Petals about as — 
Jong, acute. ands stipitate, adhering to the calyx-segments. Ovary 


glabrous and smooth; styles shortly united at tle base in a narrow 
colum 


ee Verreaux in herb. DC. Ihave not i this plant, which must be 

very o any other Ricinocarpus in foliage, and the male flowers being unknown, | 
the genus must be very uncertain. Perhaps aie the metis may be e 2 d for 13 
am not aware that Verreaux visited any bat well known parts of Tasmani 


R. Bowmanni, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 181. An erect ene me 1 
usually small, the ‘a Oe and torean tomentose. Leaves almost . 
sessile, linear, the margins usually recurved to the midrib, Sagas E a 


scabrous-tuberculat, from under 4 in. M nearly lin. long. E 
flowers *' pink,” in terminal clusters of 3 to 6, the pedicels about as - 
long as the leaves. Calyx densely tomentose, the segments obtuse, . 
about 2 lines lon e Af not twice long. Glands flat, mostly |. 
2-lobed and hairy emale flowers solitary, alone t ale — 
cluster. Capsule 4 to 5 lines long, hirsute with rather long baire which | 
E length wear off. Styles co to the base.—Mue DC 3 

v..11.. 906 R, us, Baill. a Euph. m name only, 3 


puberu T 
faktoid by Muell. Arg. oM doubt to R. Bowmanni, but described — 
by Baill. Adans. vi. 295, from a spodimán with male flowers only, a8 
doubtfully distinct 

Gmensland. Up er Maranoa river, Mitchell. i 
ales. Lower Macquarrie river, Bow ; desert north of Arbuthnot | A 

ids VE iis ningham, UA al also in Leichhardt's doliidtlon with remarkably tuber- | 
culate, almost muricate lea a 


8. R. ledifolius, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 76. A shrub attaining 8 to — 
10 ft., the branches and i c Becas dta tomentose eave wes 3 
petiolate, oblong-linear or "wp with eoad margins, white- 
. tomentose underneath, 1 to 2in. long. Male flowers in ter oa 


ave in 2 “goer ring. Female flowers solitary, alone or with the 
ather r longe r and stouter pedicel, and rather larger 

petia Be stn 2 lines long, densely ge tomentose.—Muell. Arg. | 

DC. Prod. xv. ii. 2005 Baill. Adans. v 

Queensland. in ri F. Mueller ; pes Downs, Dallachy ; Rock | 
Code O Basé]; Herbert's Gre. Bowman 1 
_ 9, R. rosmarinifolius, Benth. A slender twiggy shrub, b 3 
branches inlorasenni and underside of the leaves ho oary with a minute 
tomentum. Leaves narrow-linear, the margins much revolute, 1j 1 


_ Ricinocarpus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 73 


m ng, m 
an in R. ledifolius. Ovary tomentose, tapering 
' into 3 bifid styles. Fruit not seen.— Croton rosmarinifolium, A. Cunn. 
. Herb. [ 

N. Australia. Montague and York Sounds, N.W. coast, A. Cunningham. 


. 10. R. marginatus, Benth. A tall shrub, the branches inflorescence 
and both sides of the leaves hoary with a very short and close but soft 
_tomentum. Leaves very shortly petiolate, lanceolate, rather obtuse, 
quite flat, but the margins slightly thickened and nerve-like, the 
primary veins very divergent from the midrib and prominent under- 


. Female calyx rather larger. Ovary tomentose, 
g into 3 shortly bifid styles. Fruit not seen.— Croton mar- 
um, A, Cunn. Herb. 
_ N. Australia. York Sound, N W. coast, A. Cunningham. 


ll. R. speciosus, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 204, "This 


ped 
small tomentose bract, without bracteoles. Calyx about 3 lines long, 
eeply divided into lanceolate acuminate 


W. Australia. Towards Cape Riche, Drummond, 5th coll. n. 219. 


13. R. muricatus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 61, and in DC. 
rod, xv. ii. 207, An erect shrub, glabrous except the underside of 


- ; 3 
íà2 : = - E Sr E 
74 ViTi. EUPHORBIACEJ. [ Ricinocarpus 


the sabes; but glutinous. Leaves — ef linear, the margins 
closely revolute, $ to 1j in. long. Flowers small, "the males rati nu- 
merous in a raceme of about” lin. or ‘father onger. Pedicels f V 


ww. DIDI gers oF tu fens PARONS 5th coll. n. 218 and & 
n. 85. 


9. BERTYA, Planch. 


Flowers moncecious. Male fl.: Perianth (calyx 2) deep a 


sometimes ick enlarged round the fruit. Ovary 3 


3, free or shortl united at the base, each one more or gm 


bortion. 
oblon , smooth, KOMORAN. ryo (where weis ucro i 
rubso 


The genus is limited to Australia. 
Leaves with revolute or recurved margins. Flowers sessile or 
on very short ch. Bracts 5 to 8, persistent. 
Leaves narrow, revolute to the midrib. Ovary glabrous, 
tapering at the top 
Fruiting perianth much enlarged. 


oung shoots densely hirsute . . . . . aliatu M. Di 
e plant Haud OF nearly bo s. on m uus 
uiting perianth not enlarged. Plant owes :9. H. 
Leaves -— revolute to the midri vary de ensely villous, 
ing at the top. Fruiting perianth scarcely enlarg ed, 
1 shorter than the capsule. 
Flowers pediclate the dip -segments scarcely above n 
lline . 4. B. rosmann 


it Flowers pane or nearly so s0, the he perianth-segments nearly 
^ 2 lin . 5. B. Mitehdli.. 


I | Leaves with the margins less revolute slowing the underside. 
E. Ovary obtuse. 


Leaves narrow, 1 to 2 in. long. Fruiting perianth much 
enlarged. Ovary densely villous. . . . . . . . 
aves ovate-or orbicular, 2 to 4 lines long, almost bullate. 
Fruiting perianth slightly enlarged. Ovary stellate- : 

7 tose . . . "voa ovv. Mud ponte, a Sole MAD 

. Leaves flat or with recurved margins. Flowers pedicellate. 

j Bracts usually few, very deciduous or none, 

Leaves narrow, 1 to 2 in. long. Pedicels 2 to 3 lines. Ovary 


6. B. oleæfolia. 


: villous Ww x . W Tis c. EE . NO AAT * due WAT NS " 
_ Leaves ovate or oblong, about 4 in. long. Pedicels slender, : 
4 to 8lineslong. Ovary glabrous s... 5 «9. B. pomaderroides. 


ifera, Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ, iv. 473, An erect 


than in B. oleefolia. Female perianth much enlarged after flowering, 


3 . ales. Hunter's river and perhaps Croker’s Range, A. Cunningham ; but 
there is some confusion in his labels of this and of B. rosmarinifolia which he had 
_ regarded as one species, . 


long. Ovary quite glabrous, tapering into a neck or united base of the 
styles of nearly 1 line, the styles divided to below the middle usually 


ise glabrous. Leaves narrow-linear, with much revolute margins, 
ostly about 4 in. long, tapering at the base. Flowers small, solitary, 
n pedicels varying from 4 to 1 line. Bracts small, thick, narrow, M 
equal, at or near the top of the pedicel. Perianth-segments broad, 


- Bertya.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 75 


+ 


76 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. [ Bertya, . 


the top. Styles very shortly united or almost free, deeply divided into 
2 or 8 branches. Fruiting perianth not enlarged. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 
2 = 2 lines long.—Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 211. 
Wales. Lachlan river, and frequent in the N. W. interior, A. Cunningham; 
New iani, C. Stuart 
Wictoria. Snowy river, F. Mueller. 


4. B. rosmarinifolia, Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 473. A 
andsome bushy heath-like keit itas 6 to 8 ft., "he young | 
branches and 1 foliige clothed with a short close stellate tomentum wear- 
ing off with age. Leaves sessile or nearly so, linear, with AB margins 
much r fasii most tly about 3 in. and rarely nearly 1 i in. long. Flo Me 


nches. 
usually at least half as ong sistas as the ernie X 
Arg. im DC. Prod. xv. ii. 210; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 339; Croto 
vénnarisifilun, A. Cunn. in Field, N.S. Wales, 355; Ricinocarpus 
tasmanicus, Sond. in Linnea, xxviii. 562; Bertya tasmanica, Muell. Arg. 
in Linne, xxxiv. 63, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 211. 
ales. Cox's river, A, Ghaiagla ) head of Macleay river, C. Moors; 

New ‘England, C. Stua ; 

asmania. Abund ri on Nile rivulet and: South Esk river, Gunn; Great 8 
NI. pmi —I can see no difference between the Tasmanian and the N.S. Wales 
plan 


5. B. Mitohelli, Muell. Arg. in Linnea, xxxiv. 63, and in DC. pe 
xv. ii. 210. An erect shrub of several feet, the young age hes and 
Dia gigeely stellate-tomentose, becoming at length glabrous, nearly 

lied to B outer and more rigid. Leav s linear, 


soe styles of B. rosmarinifolia, ich this may sofla to be a varietj. 
icinocarpus Mitehelli, So a in penis xxviii. 563. 
N. S. W Castlereagh river, C. Moore; Darling river, Herb. F. Mueller 
Murray river, Mitta-Mitta, Lake Koorong, F. Mueller; Wimmera, Dallachy. i 
6. leæfolia, Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 473. An erect 
shrub a 3 to 4 ft., the bra nches densely stellate-tomentose. Leaves 


with bi to 8 unequal bracts, the inner ones nearly 2 lines long. 
perianth with 5 jak pps lobes 24 to 3 lines long, contracted into 8 a 


xim CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. e os 


. very short tarbinate A tt ecd n bracts. enis perianth-lobes 
narrower and more acute than males. Ovary obtuse, densely 
hirsute. Styles Bie from the ifta Mid divided back to the "bas ase into 
. 9 or 4 branches. Capsule enclosed in the enlarged perianth but not 
seen ripe.— Muell. "i in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 209. 
| Se ora. Shattered gullies, Mantuan Downs, Mitchell. 

. Wales. Wellington valley, A. Cunnin ingham. 


.  7..B. rotundifolia, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 94. A rigid reba 

_ probably low shrub, the branches densely stellate- nome Leav 
shortly petiolate, orate or orhionlan coriaceous, conv and alm ar 

. bullate, 2 to 4 lines long, becoming glabro us above, whites tomen 

í underneath. ale flowers not sii emale flowers nearly me: 

_ surrounded x a few minute tomentose | beset Fruiting calyx about , 

. lines Ing wit oblong segments. Capsule 


: S. A Kan ngaro diii Waterhouse ; ies a in leaf only, except 
. one fre a Au attached opal: in Herb. F. Muell 


‘glabrous ur white-tomentose underneath, i to 2 or evan MGR i long. 

flowers solitary or 2 or 3 ether on a short common peduncle, 

the lower bracts closely complicate, ovate-lanceolate, kesr a to 
d v i ve 


on e pedi 
deciduous or none. Perianths glabro Males only seen loose, wit 

petal-like eet: 2 lines long, the staminal column and anthers 

et those of the Female perianths on pedicels of 1 to 2 

lines, with 3 or 4 malt ine p very ius bracts, the se pu linear, 


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Some specimens, somewhat longer and broader than when in flower in 
 others.—Baill. Adans. vi. 298. 
Queensland, Rockhampton, Thozet. 

9. B. pomaderroid Muell. Fragm. iv 34. A much more 
slender spreadin diui: hg any other of the genus, the branches 


78 €VIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Bertya. 


column rather longer. Female perianth-segments subulate-acuminate, - 


M 


ase, each one 2- or 3-branched. Capsule (not yet ripe) narrow, acute, - 

i —hMuell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 209; Baill - 

Adans. vi. 298; B. oblongifolia, Muell. Arg. in Flora, 1864, 471, andin | 
v. 1i. 209. i 

. N. S. Wales.. In the interior, C. Stuart; Bents Basin, near Port Jackson, | 
Woolls. 4 


10. MONOTAXIS, Brongn. | 
(Hippocrepandra, Muell. Arg.) E 


dymous, without appendages, separating into 9 Z-valved cocci. : 
obl culate. Embryo linear, straight 0t. 
ade 


n 
the radicle.—Herbs or undershrubs, usually small and glabrous 


” 


4 . , E 
Rape in the forks or at the ends of the branches between the last 
eaves, the flowers more or less pedicellate within the cymes, the males | 
usually numerous, the females single in the centre or few. racts - 
usually several, small and scalelike, subtending the pedicels or the 
outer ones empty. E 

The genus is endemic in Australia. 


vostly 4-merous, calyx-segments almost valvatt. 


* Secr. 1. E taxis.— Flow 
Petals shorter than the calyx. 
ies. — Flower heads pedunculate. Calyx-segments 


y acute. 
Erect annual, slightly branched. Leaves 1 to 2 in. long. Female - > 
i wd o oro E A PE 
Stems numerous from a thick perennial stock. Leaves under toe 

in. Female flowers solitary in each head. . . . . . 2. M. linifolia. 
Western species.—Flower-heads sessile. Calyx segments acu- A 
i pga xvi Pus Z7 S M. ccnl 
Scr. 9. Hippocrepandra.— Flowers usually 5-merous ; calyx segments dist! 
imbricate. Petals longer than the calya.—All Western species MA pedes do 
‘Leaves lanceolate, sessile 


Stems thick, rigid, about 1 ft. high. Leaves$tolin.. . . 4. M.lurida. 
Stems slender, about 4 ft, high, Leaves under fin, . . . 5, M, megacarpo- 


- Monotazis.) CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 79 


| Leaves linear-lanceolate, not above À in., tapering into a short 
slender 


tiole. Stems 6. M. gracilis. 
Leaves narrow-linear, the mar gins ‘closely revolute, not above 
fin. Stems slender. Stipules subulate, persistent . . 7. M. grandifiora. 


Sect. 1. Eumonoraxis.— Flowers mostly 4-merous, Calyx-seg- 
- ments almost valvate. Petals shorter than the c calyx. 


. 1. M. macrophylla, Benth. An erect glabrous Slightly branched 
annual of about 1 ft. Leaves opposite or alternate, jon 
Dux dn. a or ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, thin did flat, 1 to 2 in. 
. long r-heads (or dense cymes) rather larger. pani in M. tinifolia 
- shortly puli eiat above the last leaves, containing several female 
_ flowers intermixed with or surrounded by numerous males. Male calyx 
- of 4 very sightly imbricate petal-like segments of about 2 line. Petals 
. minute. Stamens 7 or 8. by vary of the females only seen in very young 
bud, the SR da short and involute, and of the capsules the 
the coc! only show the persistent axis, about 1 line long, from which 
the cocci hg wen way. 

. Queensland (or S. Wales ?). Summit of Mount Danger near Moreton Bay, 
a Cunningham “ithe ‘plant has prs of the aspect of some forms of Euphorbia 


2. M. linifolia, Brongn. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. l, xxix. 987 an 
4 


ial 
‘pedicel of 4 to $ line ome. a jaw ser estilo female. Bracts 


ate. Stamens nearly as long as the calyx, usually | 
8 but sometimes 7 only. Female flower rather larger than the males. 
"Styles 3, divided to the base into a fringed branches. Capsule glabrous, 
E i DC. Prod. xv. ii. 212; 
Baill. Adans, vi. 291; M. irg Endl A Atakta, 8, t. 8. 
- N.S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. and R. Cunningham, F. Mueller, 
and many others. 

" Desarionally, when He head hes no female flower the rhachis grows out forming a 
Short irre The arrangement of the flowers in this species shows an. 
y psi to that of oU orbia. 


3. occidentalis, Endl. in Hueg. Enum. 10. An undershrub with 
the habit sometimes nearly of M. linifolia, but usually smaller, more 


80 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEE. [ Monotaxis, 


branched, - sometimes appearing annual (flowering the first year!?). 
Leaves ovate oblong or linear-cuneate, acute or almost obtuse, entire, 1 to 

4 lines long, tapering into a short petiole. Flower-heads or cymes sessi 
` in the fork 


scarcely imbricate, but always acuminate. Female flowers and fruits | 

M. linifolia.—Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. ii. 229; M. cuneifolia, Klotzsch 1. 

i. 176 ;. M. aha var. occidentalis, Muell. Arg. i in Linnea, xxxiv. 63 and 

in DC. Prod. li. st ; Ba ill. Adans. vi. 292; M. porantheroides, 
F. Toya in sever Her 

Kin. sg parng and adjoining districts, Huegel, Oldfield, 

F. prm s, river, itk 


Sacr. 2. HiPPocnEPANDRA.—Flowers usually pentamerous. Calyx 
magnate tater imbricate. Petals longer than the calyx. 


4, M. lurida, Benth. Stems, from a thick woody base or rhizome 
erect, npe or T branched below the inflorescence and the 
often almost umbel igi i i 


4 to 1 in. lon r-heads 
forks or within the last 4 uU Male calyx-segments 
long, imbrieate. Petals unguiculate, with a broadly 
lamina at least 1 line long. Stamens 10 or 9, on slender filamen 
Female calyx-segments obtuse. Pn rather smaller than in the mal 
contracted at the base but not unguiculate. Styles deeply divided i 
2 fringed lobes. Eu globular, about 2 lines long. —Hippocrepandra 
lurida, Muell. Arg. in Linnæa, xxxiv. 61 and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 207 
(erroneously referred by Baillon to M. megacarpa) ; M. Oldfieldi, Baill. 
Adans. v i. 993. 
WV. A Ache Murchison river, Oldfield, Drummond, 6th coll. n. 31.— The plant 
_ has something of the aspect of some forms of Euphorbia eremophila 
5. M. megacarpa, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 143. aped from a 
rennial base, erect or scsi simple or slightly branched belo 
inflorescence, and there sometimes umbellate as in M. lu 


linear, with recurved m s, under lin. long. Flower-heads ord clus- 
ters closely sessile, an as qs i i 
males, all on slender pedicels Dates than in M. lurida, but the wh 
structure and e peculiar form of the p Lies as in n that s speci 
of which this may possibly prove a variety, h Pet its a 
—Baill. nes vi. 293, but not the syno a 
wW. Aus Murchison river, Oldfield, and dai cimen from Drum 
in Herb. F. prier Boxvale, 50 miles E: from Yor k, Miss — 
M. gracilis, Baill. Adans. vi. 293. An erect branching slende 
undershrub of to 1 ft. tiiv linear-lance olate, racted into 
"very short petiole, the margins more or less recurved, uty above i | 


- Monotacis.) CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ, 81 


- long. Flower-heads or clusters sessile within the last leaves, con- 
. sisting of 1 to 3 females and about twice as ma les, on short fili- 
sc 


the males. eus less — ARM "Ceu — oe 
in 


W. terit pempig 3rd peek n. 18. 


E. M. grandiflora, Endl. in Hueg. Enum, 19. A RES undershrub, 
| with a Miis base, P doses erect or mov inen slender w 
v 


I. with or vritholit^à fow ies Males on slender dine” Calyx- 
segments 5, acute, nearly 1 line long. Petals about half as long again, 
shortly unguiculate and foe above the claw. Female flowers 
on short thick dinate alyx-segments acuminate. Petals narrower 
than in the males, almost acute, tapering at the base, but without any 
distinct claw. — Klotzsch i in Pl. Preiss. ii. 230; M. ericoides, Klotzsch in 
PI. Preiss. i. 177; Hi prone ericoides, ’ Muell. Arg. in Linnea 
E xxriv. e and in DC. Prod, x ii. 208. 
w. Et ond, 1st coll. and 3rd coll. n. 19, Preiss, 
n. 1218 ; gs district, garg * 2142; N. of Stirling Range, F. Mueller. 
| M. bra iei Nees in PI. Preiss. ii. nig (Hippocrepandra pini Muell. Arg. in 
Linnea xx . 62, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 208, Monotaxis Neesia a, Baill. Adans, vi 
| 293), is undid di bad specimens of this plan nt from near r York, Preiss, n. 1219, with 
3 shorter leaves than usual, but ru belonging to lateral branches, ‘the longer ones of the 
E stems having all fallen a 


11. AMPEREA, A. Juss. 


4 wers moncecious or dicecious. Male fl.: Perianth campanulate, 
somewhat petal-like, 3- to 5-lobed, without inner i 
twi any as AEn ANG or fewer, the filaments free or shortly 


ovoid, parallel, o undici longitu tàdin ally in 2 valves, the el croi 
"usually tipped with a small gland. «Female fl.: Pe rianth more ES 
divide males into 5 rarely 4 rather rigid lobes, persistent 
enlar, ^p under the fruit. Ovary 3-celled, with 1 ovii in each 
tyles 3, more or less deeply divided into 2 branches. Capsule 
ps crowned by a ring of 6 erect tooth-like —" — on the 
: L. VI. 


82 i CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. 


back of onè of the valves, mcer, n into 3 2-valved cocci. 
00 


where known, li 


r quite Le when present alternate, linear, either en 
with closely revolute marg eras or flat and the etim t 
Stipules small brown and scari Flowers very small in small axil 


closely sessile tufts, surrounde d: $ scarious bracts, the ‘males us 
numerous, the females = or solitary, all on very short pedicels ¢ 
` almost sessile. Cannons 
The genus is endemic in pee jid the species all Western except A. spartioi 
Male flowers 3-merous. 
Stems slender, diffuse. we ~~ oe nmt = A, pro 
tene raning almost leafles: wr Ag Polubili. 
Male merous. 
née b dian with revolute margins. 
Stems terete. I owers very numerous, in dense tufts with deeply 
dins 
Leaves po, Stems slender but gid 3. 
Leaves crowded, rigid. Ste did thiols ascending Stipules and 


Stems leafless or nearly 80 LI in flower, erect, rigid compressed 5 EPA 
or 3. angle ^ . 6. A. spartic 
A. subnuda, Nes j in p. Preiss. i ii. 299, i is hide broclgeligins F. Muell. 
v. 146. 


3: rotensa, Nees in Pl. Preiss, ii. 229. Stems, from a perenni 
base, n Psp slender, diffuse, somewhat com naid but sca 
engiler, Gin. to 1 ft. lo ong. Leaves oblong-lanceo T Rees contra 


into a eet "flt or nearly so, mostly about long. Stipul 
‘broad, deeply frin nged. Male perianths pedicellate, pA 3 line lon 
divided to about the middle into 3 almost valvate lo bes. Sta 


usually 1 in the cluster surrounde a few males. Perianth di 
bon; base into 5 segments. Styles divided to the base but all co 
ted by a ring or falling off together. Rene about 1 line long, 
paar teeth or protuberances less promine nt than in other species 
very obtuse.— Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 213. 
W. Australia, Drummond, 4th coll. n. 85 ; ^ Md River, Preiss, n. 1214 


A. volubilis, F. Muell. Herb. Stems elongated, twining, 
or ps so, leafless or nearly so at the time of flowering. Leaves 
few on some of the young shoots, linear, rigid, with much re 
smal s, } to jin. long, but often abortive from the first. 
small orate or lanceolate, mostly entire. Male flowers in dense cl 

racts ovate mostly entire, the inner ones very 
oa grs 3-lobed. Stamens 6 o r fewer, the outer ones 
but not hairs with l-celled anthers.’ Female flowers ese, 


- Amperea.| CVIII. EUPHORBIACEE. 83 


| E imen. Perianth deeply 4- or 5-lobed, the lobes rigid and acute. 
apsule about 1 line long, the tooth-like appendages mee ene acute. 
W. Australia, Drummond, 4th coll. n. 87 and 5th coll. Suppl. n. 


rg rantha, Benth. Stems from a jours d several, 


1 ? 
1 rigid DER or nearly so. -Leav ves linear, with revolute mar ins, about 


] 3rd. coll. n Herb. F. Muell. unnumbered 
B or me 2s, bu but Ay t that number of other ik racio where it is given to Phyllan- 
er; 
p 4 A.c OmU Benth. peer. from a woody base, apparently de- 
. cumbent, thick and hard, 8 to lO in. long in our specimens. 
Leaves crowded and mr in Mgr axils, lhea with revolute margins, 
coriaceous, nort iin. long or rather more. Stipules broad, brown, 
- fringe wers all female in our specimens, sessile and most con- 
. cealed in dation tufts of brown scarious setaceously fringed bracts. 
. Calyx or perianth deeply divided into 4 or er unequal fiis mucro- 
hate or aristate segments, y 6 long acute dorsal 
‘appendages. Styles 3, very gat rali united. at the base, curved reflexed 
and protuding between the a pendages, shortly bifid at the end. Cap- 
sule scarcely more or" 1 line long, the erect appendages nearly as 
long as the capsule itsel 
= W. Australia, ANNS n. 29. 
5. A. ericoides, A. Juss. Tent. Euph. 112, t. 10, according to Muell. 
DC. Prod. xv. ii. 214. Stems, from a "hard often n woody base or 
ndin 


ther more than 1 mud lon the dba eget short broad and 
. Styles deeply divided. —A. rosmarinifolia, Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. 


at ‘Masia, King George's Sound and neighbouring districts, 2. B 
i a Preiss, n. 1225, 3nd coll. n. 2 233, and 3rd coll. n. 206, 200, ind 


G2 


84 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [Amperea, 


i A. t 


À "pct in rts at 


or r appendages es. Styles rather short, more or less bifid.—Muell. Arg. 
C. i9 : à 


Prod. xv. ii. 


Eee in Spreng. Met Cur. Post. 1 
S. Wales. rt Jackson or Blue ge NR R. Bitin AS n. 135, and 
FL fit. n. 524, "b many others ; Uer England, C. "Stu 
Victoria. Gip pps’ Land, J 
- Tasmania. Abundant in poor "icdr soil, J. .D. Hooker. 
S. Australia. Rivoli Bay, F. Mueller ; ' Corner Inlet, Wilhelmi. 


E 3. ANTIDESME X. — Flowers distinet, both sexes with a y 
wi 


perianth 

This tri jbo, if it includes the small and scarcely sufficiently known Madagascar r genus 

is chiefly distinguished from Phyllanthee by habit and inflorescence, and 

therefore dri ueller Arg. to a subtribe of that tribe; on the other hand 

-celled (1-carpellary) ovary with 3 styles, had gre it it formerly to be considered à 
— rming the distinct Order of Antidesmee or Stilagine 


12. ANTIDESMA, Linn. 


Flowers dicecious, Wes mue: in dr or interrupted s one or i 
the females in spikes Male fl. iw e »iPorianth B 
3 to 5 segments, slightly. an in the 
opposite the Epis nes round a acera rs seat ovary. 
Anthers 2-cel 


eee EE Nn eee ee EN RENE REESE S UT 
g A 7 


Le CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE 85 


wn 
species are distinguished in this difficult genus are as yet very uncertain and for the. 


most part mi 


n the e females, pubese ent or hirsute. Spikes paniculate. tj 


gems tilde, iie and muse ovary in the males, ovary 
Een 


sessile. Perianth- segments ovate memi 


cere rounded a t the nd - A, Ghesembilla s 
Female flowers podióellitié Perianth- -segments very hdi" 
and obtuse. Leaves often obtusely acumi be Foie Dallachyanum. : 
Flowers in the interior perfectly glabrous. 
Spikes or racemes mostly pa Flowers nearly gom 3. A. Bunius. 
Spikes or racemes mostly simple. Female flowers pe 


av in. 
Perianth-segments broad. Fruit small 4. A. parvifolium. 
geom Pis or elliptical, 1 to 2 inches long. inside” 
i eolate. Fruit me . 5. A. Schultzii. 
aiias mres lanceolate or elliptical 2to 4in ju 
perianth shortly and broadly 4lobed. Fruit uel black 6. A. erostre. 
Leaves oblong or elliptical, ae sinuate, 2 to 4 in. lon 
Female — — and peers 4-lobed. Fruit rather 
large . A, sinuatum. 


mbilla, Gertn. Fruct. i. 189, t. 39. A shrub or small 


1. A. Ghzese 
tree, the young branches foliage and inflorescence more or less pu- 
4 sr or bg] the full-grown leaves often glabrous. Leaves 


ly orbicular, tay 
ofte 


ik 
Indian specimens less so in the Australian ones, 1 to 2 in. long, the 


- females shorter and looser, both solitary or more frequently several in a 
l le fow 


terminal panicle. Male flowers sessile or nearly so ; perianth deeply 
at | : 


yles short, iait at the base, spreading upwards, shortly 


- 9.lob Drupes “purple,” not above 3 lines long , usually obli did ege ely 


ovoid and 1-seeded, but said to m occasionally didymous and 2-seede 
Muell. Arg. in DG. Prod. xv. ii. 251; A. pan idle Roxb.; Wight 
Ie. t. 820, and pm synonyms diät by Muell. Arg. l.c. 

N. Australia eening Bay, N.W. coast, A. Cunn mani, Point Je Nee Vic- 
toria and Fitzmaurice pem rs, F. Mueller ; Port Darwin, EX vultz, n. 694, —This 
Gina is widely diffused over Bast Tudia and the Archi pelago iron Ceylon to S. 


2. A. Dallachyanum, Baill. Adans. vi. 937. A shrub or small tree, 
closely allied to A. Ghasembilla, the young shoots rather less pubescent 

and the adult foliage often almost glabrous. Leaves from ovate to 
Bnocolsto-elliptiesl obtuse or shortly and obtusely acuminate, 2 to 
4in. long on petioles of 2 to 4 lines. Male spikes pubescent, od 
pes but sometimes solitary, more slender than in A. Ghesemhi 


ee 


86 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Antidesma, 


pare more or less interrupted. Perianths sessile, deeply divided — 4 
or 5 broad concave hirsute segments $ line e long. Stamens 3 to 5, | 
usually 4. Rudimentary ovary rather large, hirsute as well as the - 
lands, Female flower racemose, the pedicels 4 to lin 
erianth-segments very broad, ciliate and hirsute as oats as i we 
and ov "à Styles. broad, 2- lobed. Fruit obovoid “white and aci id,” 
twice as large us in A. Ghesembilla | 
Queensland. Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 
N. Australia? Some male specimens from Port Essington, Armstrong, appear to - 
belong to this species, but vith smaller leaves. l 
3. A. B Spreng.; Muell. Arg. in D C. Prod. xv. ii. 262. nm ; 
usually quite eat Leaves oblong, obtuse, pe or shortly acu- - 
or some 1 


kingham aa D PEN —The species extends over the Indian | 
o the Pisce va South China. The Australian specimens are im- 
peel but E to belon 


elatis of Antidesma with the Inge gi pr leaves of A, Bunius ; 1. with Roe | 
sho 2. wi 


a 

P olium, F. Muell Fragm. iv. 80. A bushy shrub - 
about 4 ft., the young ‘shoots x inflorescence very slightly pubescent, - 
the de foliage Ee. Leaves ovate obovate or orbicular, very - 
I ues e, not exceeding 1 


as well as the glands and ovary. Fruit “red,” not above 2 
long. 
Queensland. Port Denison, Fitzalan, er 


5. A. Schultzii 
and inflorescence sltghtly spun d m adult foliage glabrous. 
ovate obovate or elliptica 


racemes solitary or 2 together in the axils, A ein de^ under 1 in. v | 
the flowers shortly pedicellate in the axils of small bracts. Peria 
geen m ivide TIRE narr - a acute ciliate I about 


i lin 


than. eee more 


Antidesma. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 87 


| gue as well as the ovary. Styles sbort, broad, deeply lobed. 
ruit apparently small, but not seen ripe. 
N. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 610, 743. 


ostre, F. Muell. Herb. A shrub, , por ony glabrous in the 
iu seen. pne eulong inque c or wont ical, often acuminate, 
2 to 4 in. long, on a short petio " Ma le-flowers unknown Fruiting 
racemes axillary, anil, 1 tol pee uite glabr ous. Pedi 
about 1 line long. _Perianth i shortly 4-1 a Fruit small, “ black," - 
glabrous. Styles v 
Queensland. Ms vies y, Dallachy .— Perhaps a form of the E. Indian A. 


EC issoria, Roth, miih which, uer it cannot be properly compared until the male 
_ flowers are known 


uatum, Benth. A tree of about 30 ft, glabrous or the 

young T slightly pubesoe nt. Leaves oblong or elliptical, entire or 
deeply sinuate, 2 to 4 in. long, on petioles of 3 to 6 lines. Male flowers 
unknown. Female frui biting racemes solitary, 1 to 3 in. lon sy Pedicels- 
1 to nearly 2 lines. Perianth glabrous or nearly so, broadly einer 
mersa lobed. Fruits compressed, 3 to 4 lines long. Styles very 


Queensland. Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


4. PHYLLANTHEJX.— Flowers distinct (not ae in 
calyx-like SEU, both sexes with a perianth. Embryo with iod 
se noha and a narrow radicle.. Ovules » » each cell.— ds nan 

r herbs. aves line or rarely crenate, often coriaceous r if 
Fees usually pee Flowers in axillary mcg or th 
This tribe differs from Cro in the ovules always-in pairs, and generally in habit 
and inflorescence. From He bloruiie Stenolobee the embryo affords perhaps the - 
constant distinction, although there are no two peiora belonging to the two tribes w 
have not several other characters to separate 


13. ANDRACHNE, Linn. 


Flowers moneecious, in axillary clusters or the females solitary. 
Male fl.: Calyx more or less deeply divided into 5 or 6 lobes or 
segments. Petals as many as calyx-lobes and shorter than them. 


ngitudinally in 2 valves. Rudimentary ovary in the centre ve 
small. Female fl.: Calyx usually larger than in the males. Pe 

minute or none. Ovary 3-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell. Styles 3, 
more or less MN divided into 9 entire branches. Capsule separating 
into 9 9-valved cocci. Seeds curved, 3-angular, rugose, not caruncu- 
late. Embryo re with ont coty ledons. —Herbs or undeshrubs, 
with giten: ascending or erect branching stems. „Leaves alterna 

. petiolate, entire, usually small. Flowers very small, pedivellate i in the 
"E the females solitary, with or without a few males in the same 


88 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJ. per 4 


1 


The genuscontains but few species, di 1 ] gions 
of both the New and the Old Worlds. The only one in peony og is also in voe Ros in 
the Eastern Archipelago. The habit is often that of a Phyllanthus, from which the 


Le differs in the presence of petals and of a central rudimentary ovary in ^ male — 


1. A. Decaisnei, Benth, Apparently annual, but the stems hard 
and A ar at the base, much branched, decumbent, attaining 


1 to 20 ., the whole plant softly villous. Leaves broadly - 


5, lanceolate, acute, spreading, about j line long. Petals narrow, - 


contracted into a distinct stipes. Style divided to the base into? - 
branches. m sule depressed, orbicular, villous, about 2 lines diameter. - 
—A, frutie cne. according to Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 239, 
Lin! 


if the syn onymy is correct, also in Timor and Java. The true Andrachne fruition of 


sions with the Linnean plant, is totally — a8 it is certainly not shrub 
wns, Bowman 
- Var. orbicularis. smaller, orbenlar. Styles divided to the middle only. 
Petals smaller. Poshiage a distinct oe 

W. Australia. Port Walcot, Harper. 


14. ACTEPHILA, Blume. 


Flowers monecious, in axillary clusters or solitary. Male fl. : Peti | 


anth of 5 or 6 se ngne ents spreading out flat, the inner ones rather larger 
than the outer. Petals (or petal- like glands ?) small, as A a as 
en 


ry9- 
celled with 2 ovules in each cell. Styles 3, rly 2-fid, or entire, 


free or united at the base. Fruit separating into 3 2 -valved cocci, the 
pericarp hard. Seeds large, with a inira. ies brittle testa; albumen | 
very scanty or none. Em eu o curved, the cotyledons very thick fleshy | 


grown. Flowers rather small, often several females as well as males in | 
the the same cluster, all pedicellate. Capsule delis, oiai large int 


a. — the North coast, R. Brown ; Victoria river, F. Mueller ;and — 


ruDS. . 
p alternate, petiolate, abtin usually large, ode when full- - 


kr. 


1 
$ 


d 


Actephila.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 89 


The genus A parma r species, dispersed over tropical Asia; the Australian ones 
are, Mns all en 
Leaves on petioles " in. 
. Petals present (very small). Stamens 5 or 4. Leaves oblong- 
anceolate or marrow elliptical, oa Ti into the Arny 


Pedicels ltolin.long. Lx vun bai 
Pedicels 1 to 3 lines lo 2.74; 
No petals. Stamens 5. Leaves obovate or broadly elliptical .. eBid, ata. 
vo e. Stamens 3. Leaves ovate -lanceolate, rounde 
, on rather long petio 4. A. p 


ioles qM 
Leaves Jessii or nearly so, oblong, cordate at the bas . . . . 5. 4. Peale 


1. A. grandifolia, Baill. Adans. vi. 330, 360, t. 10. A glabrous 
tree ors ee b of various heights Leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate 
. or elliptical, shortly and obtusely —8 tapering towards the base, 
. coriaceous, smooth, 5 t oa long, on a petiole va sane from under. 
gin. to 2in. Flowers f. both sexes in the same cluster and in the 


. A. DRIE, Baill. Adans. vi. 330, 366. A tree or shrub closely 
prendra tena ona ta no rather obtuso, 


N. S. Wales. Mount nadia C. Moore. 7 dna not seen any specimen. 
tifolia, Benth. A glabrous epu or tree. Leaves obovate 


. 9 to Ĝin. long, on a petiole M tipo under lm. to near 1 in. long. 
- Pedicels slender, 4 to 1 in. long. Perianth-segments 5 or 6, tal-like 
- with glandular ends, about 2 lines long in the males, rather longer m 
the females. No petals. Stamens 5. Styles 3, united at the base, 
E dune short, spreading, slightly dilated and notched at the end but not 


pT Cape York, Daemel; Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


pd. A, olaris, Benth. A glabrous shrubor tree. Leaves ovate- 
1 ‘a or ovateavaminate, rounded at the base, thinner Bn in 


90 CVIII’ EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Actephila, — 


A. grandifolia, 3 to 4in. long, on a petiole of lin. or more. Male — 
perianth-segments, 1 line long, petal-like with dark streaks. Petals ` 
mone. Disk, stamens and -— imentary ovary ie A. grandifolia, except | 
that there are only 3 stam Female flowers of that species but - 
rather smaller and no ed "Disk and ovary the same. Styles rather | 
more united at the base. ‘ 
aT Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


sessilifolia, Benth. A glabrous shrub of 4 to 6 ft. Leav 
ap obtuse, entire, slightly a at the base and sessile or pearly 
so, thin inly coriaceous, 2 to 3 in Male flowers not seen. Female 
edicels slender, about lin. im E Perianth dense 6- lobed, about 
lin es diameter, with very small petals (or petal-like lobes of the ‘dis ke 
Styles 3, united at the ba ase, rather short, spreading, undivided. Capsule — 
globular, coriaceous, about $in. diameter, slightly scabrous-punetate. 
prine qm Caves mountains, five miles west of Morinisi, T'hozet.—There seems — 
to be bnt little doubt that this is an Act ctephila, although I have only seen à single - 
female flower in Herb. F. Mueller, the other specimens being in fruit only. 


15. DISSILIARIA, F. Muell. 


Flowers moneecious (or dicecious ?) in axillary clusters or solitary 
appearing terminal when the terminal bud is not developed). Male. 
fl.: Perianth of 4 to 6 segments, imbricate in the bud, the inner ones 
rather larger and more petal-like. Glands none. Stamen ns few or 
many, inserted on a central receptacle w without any rudimentary ovary; 
filaments very short pega dorsall attached, so oats parallel, 
opening lon inudinally in 2 valves. Fem ale anth of 3 or4 
segments. Disk iieri or annular. jm 3-celled, wid 
2 ovules in each i Bola linear, spreading, undivided, free or very 
shortly connate si as base. Capsule more or less tridymous, dividing. 
into 2-valved cocci, the pericarp thick and hard, the epicarp usually 
separating from the en ocarp in each valve. Seeds without any 
Á— "- bumen copious. Colyledons flat and broad.—Trees or - 
shru ap ro deme entire or orenulate, pennivein 
and slighily pid. cq flowers very small, Bar short pedicels, 
emales few together or solitary. Fruits usually solitary. 
The genus is endemic in Australia ; hy is, however, as yet Sia E known, the 
male flowers -— been seen s 34 n D. resent is, a «id the three species ma may not 


therefore be strictly congeners. we “all, however, differ from all other Australian - 
Phyllanthee i inb opposite lea 
Capsnle 8 or 9 lines diameter, ithe thick corky exocarp deepl NT 
furrowed "i e back of the cocci nd fe ae 4 D. baloghioides: 
xir le 4 or 5 lines diameter, the corky exocarp slightly furrow | ie 
n the back of the cocci . D. Mueller. 


Capsule about 4 lines diameter, truncate on the top, t the cocci TRA 
furrowed on the back, with a short conical point or horn on the e top 3. D. tricornis. 
l. D. baloghioides, F. Muell. ; Baill. Adans. vii. 859. A labrous 
tree. Leaves ovate oblong or elliptical, entire; coriaceous, smooth E 


MIROR RSEN RUNE E EM en ee OS uU 


APTE ap MAPS T, RETOURS et P LEUR 1 


| 
à 
q 
j 
1 
4 
| 
1 
I 


N.A 
. mot in fit) Armstrong. 
Queensland. 


Dissiliaria, | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 91 


diameter, ciae ni tomentose, with a thick oan exocarp Pid 
m the hard endocarp, marked outside with narrow furrows 
dise cocci and a broad deep furrow nes the line of dehiscence on the 
back ofeach — Ovules 2 2in each call but only one usually enlarged. 
Ripe miel wy 
Quee ini i woods, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham, also Aaria and 
Pine Ader E Fitealon ; but I have only seen Cunningham’s specimen 


. Muelleri, Baill. Adans. vii. 359, t. A glabrous shrub or 
tree. Leaves broadly ovate, sometimes pb cordate, obtuse, irregu- 
larly crenulate, 1 l nd broad, on a petiole f about 1 in. 


S 
diameter, slightly tridymous and furrowe 
thick corky exocarp separating from the endocarp as in D. 
Queensland. Rockhampton, Thozet, Dallach ip have not seen the specimens 
described by Baillon, but some male specimens anesy may belong to the 
same pue althon h the leaves are se obovate m shortly tapering at the base. 


In th peria antl-sogme nts 2) 6, about 3 line long, and the stamens Sad but | 


rr plv tay in 


— Benth. A shrub, with the young branches pu- 
bescent, the ad it foliage nearly glabr ous. Leaves ovate elliptical or 
almost anodin % btuse, crenulate, rounded or contracted at 
i 8 ining and veined above, pale with the midrib 

, on a 


of "in rait ó tod segments, $ to 3 ine long, painoin petal-like, 
especially the inner ones which are rather longer. Stamens 4, a 
6 or more, on a hairy receptacle, ee than the perianth. Fema! 


perianth of 3 rather acute or mu late glabrous segments, an nd 3 
smaller inner atc or sent sao ternating with them. Disk 
very hairy t in very short, taperin 


hairy, but not prominent. to 3 
distinct styles much thickened at the base as in Pseudanthus. Capsules 
on pedicels of 2 to 4 lines, pubescent, about 4 lines diameter, tridymous, 

flat-top pped, hard, with a small e conical point or horn on the d of each 
coccus but 
ovules of each cell, iride without any carunculu 
tralia. Port Essington, A. Cunningham, and meo the same plant but 


Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


92 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. [ Petalostigma. 


16. PETALOSTIGMA, F. Muell. 
(Hylococcus, R. Br.) 


owers moncecious, ? n axilary clusters or the females solitary. | 
Male Fi uber rianth of 4 to 6 imbricate calyx-like segments. Glands | 
none, ae united in a central column without. an 
ci ees ovary, the filaments shortly free ; 
parallel a o opening longitudinally in 2 valves. Female fl. : Perianth 
as in the males, but the segments narrower and very deciduous. Ovary - 


carp, separating into 4 or 2-valved and spuriously 2-celled cocci. - 
Seeds oblong, 4i 
wanting ?).—A tree. Leaves alterna ate, entire. Stipules minute or 1 
none. Iptiessesnon of Phyllanthus, but the flowers larger than i 
usual in that genus. 


genus consists of a single species, endemic in Australia. The flow: said E 
to " bietet but pro gebe e| Serene branches or eaa at different times, | : 
for our specimens are all unis E 


l. P. quadriloc NICE F. Muell. in Hook. em Journ. ix, 17/08 
small or inoderatt sized tree, the branches and Neben of the leaves 


H 
Male flowers several together, on ver t pedicels. a 
ments orbicular or broadly obovate, ae -pubescent or Hes Mae. a 
1 Stamina 


re or 
ess undulate and crenate. Fruit oran porum often 4 in. diameter. 
Seeds slightly Mp nme smooth.— Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. i | 
273; Hulococcus eus, R. Br. in | em Ie. i rea .; Mitch. Trop. Aust. | 
389 ; Petalostigma 1 rüber Muell Arg. l.c. 974; P. Australianum, — 
Baill. Adans. vii. 356, t. 2. : 


alia. N.W. Coast, A. Cunningham ; islands of the Gulf of Carpentarit 
He rnheim's Land, F. Mueller r; - kä interior, lat. 20°, M*Douall Stuart; 
Port pes ue n. 94, 298, 299, "xi 
d. road Soun : S gnd deavour river and Moreton Bay, 4 
river, Mitchell; Roekinitiptoii Port Denison, Edgecombe Bay; 
Dali we dni) Albany i island, W. Hill. 
S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler, c. Moore ; N. S. Wales woods, London 
j iol 1862, n. 90. : 
ar. giabrestons” Leaves elliptical-lanceolate, 14 to nearly 2i n. long, becom!ng | 
early glabrous, and the ovary and fruit much less villous than in the tvpical form o 
ite gla BAI; Claren 
ver, C. Moore; London Exhibition, 1862, n. 91; Cape Sidmouth, Curdie. 
The species varies exceedingly in the shape * i leaves, the size of the flowers. and 


rdi 


Petalostigma, | CVIII; EUPHORBIACER. 93 


the indumentum. The more glabrous. veia des hori smaller flowers ; both occur 
with 3-locular as well as 4-locular ovaries a s. It is possible, however, that there 
ma 
the size of the flowers; but the specimens ave seen, numerous and various as they 
are, have been insufficient for determining. the point; the great perine kanig "either 
male flowers only, or fruits only from which the styles have fallen a 
17. PHYLLANTHUS, Linn. 
(Glochidion, Forst.; Kirganelia, A. Juss. ; Synostemon, F. Muell.; Reidia, Wight.) 
Mae ers moncecious or rarely ie ds axillary — or solitary. 


socfions 4, more or less distinctly in 2 fi all stn’ and often petal- 
a 


cell. Styles free or : e or less deeply 2-lobed or rarely 
entire. Capsule separating into 2-valved cocci or ea de- 
hiscent. Seeds triangular in the cross section, the in i straight ; 
the back semicircular, without any carunculus. Caiado road.— 
Herbs, shrubs or s alterna tire, often distichous so as 
the branchlets the appearance of x leaves.  Stipul 
small, ally brown — enini or t or edged cat 


e genus is numerous in species dispersed over the warmer regions both of the 
Nee. and the Old World. . Of the forty-four Aus edes species, I have been only able 


` to identify four with widely-spread Asiatic ones, the others appear to be all endemic; 


but, d in the sinon Glochidion, the species are distinguished by characters so 
that it is possible that some may be still referred to Indian or Archipelaga 


faot. 1. Glochidion.— Trees or shrubs the leaves often large. Stamens 3 or 
, the anthers erect and sessile on a central column, ded Ovary 3 more jd 8 S 


~ 
= 
g, 
~ 
EE 
38 
2 
se 
MS 
= 
ia 
HH 
[x3 
iw 
as 
Bay 
= 
Q 
e 
c 
iu 
3 
Ed 
i 
A 


Ovary pet idit, slightly rowel, he ő pe S OG : s Ferdinandi. 
Ovary and capsule deeply lobed, 3- s nS P. lobocarpus. 


Szor. 2. Synost —Undershrubs is a herbs. Leaves small. 
Stamens 3, sg — adnate to a central column, tee cells parallel. 3-celled. 
Styles dist connate at the base. No glands or disk in either sex. 


Male Satna yos: narrow, erect, herbaceous or rigid, 
d dts Hoary or glaucous "undershrubs or rarely 


Styles thick bat free. Stems from a woody base decum- 
nt or ascending. Leaves rather Higió € 
upper 


Leaves seil M lower ones pem yo. 
ovate 3. P. ditassoides. 


iiia 


De Te 


94 CVIII: EUPHORBIACEX. [ Phyllanthus. 


Leaves linear. 
ves 4 to Í in. t: Mai perianth-segments erect 

but free . 4. P. Adami. 
Leaves unde rh in. long. Male perianth segments i 
connate nearly to the apex 5. P. thesioides. 
Styles more or less connate or very short. Stems branch- L2 
ing, ascending or erect. 3 
Male perianth-segments united to the middle. 3 
ndershrub. aves linear, distant . 6. P. hirtellus. ie 
Small shrub. Leaves small ahonnate, or emarginate : 
clustered at thenodes . 7. P. rigens. : 
Male perianth-segments free. Leaves ovate or obovate, : 


gm 
sessile. Branches much compressed or angular . . 8. P. ochrophyllus. 1 
Male flower e senio; short, rigid. E 
Branches nearly terete, hoary-tomentose . 9. P. rigidulus. 
Male perianth- ae are: ovate. Erect much-branched almost ; 
leafless und . 10. P. ramosissimus. 1 
Male perjan cnet small, spreading : 
Stems -— = eafy. Sti ules very spreading, Anthers 3 
short, round the dilated summit of the c 11. P. rhytidospermus. q 
branching shrubs. Anthers oblong, ie nearly 3 
gem = li sii Pedicels filiform | 
ves petiolate, thin. Pedice . .12. P. albiflorus. : 
Leaves almost sessile, coriaceous. Pedic els v y short 1 
aves obovate-orbicular, glabrous, 3 to 4 Mars Du. 18. P. crassifolius. 4 
Leaves ovate or oblong, hoary, 1 to 3 lines long . . 14. P. elachophyllus. x 


Szcr. 3. Kirganelia.— Shrubs, pa large. Leaves distichous, usually petiolate. 
Stamens 5, the filaments usually at the base. Glands present. Ovary and ; 
3- or more-celled, usually fes Fe or ac mgr Styles distinct or connate at the — 

base, short in the Australian species 4 


— obovate-ob filif ri dudes of 2 to 3 
Capsule phis 3 lines dia 15. P, Nove, Hollandi. 
een ovate or orbicular. Capsule end lobular, about 


2 lines diameter. Styles exceedingly s 
Pedice els filiform, under 2 lines, but mostly longer Mn the 
perianth ‘ i IM JR peu 
Pedicels mostly shorter than the perianth . aA ducces-c AR ud 


firme less united. ee hers f rid tabin, Samen wage 
n à or more or " nihers free, t s parallel, opening i 
Glands present. CT Styles free. Capsule dry. a 
> penny more or less unit 
Leaves narrow- — or linear-lanceolate 
pcs ame nials with virgate ac tle a and disti- 
us lea 


Flowers i a sessile. Capsule tuberculat . 18. P. Urinaria. 
ins els 1 to 3 lines M e tuboroulato. Ca apsule 
- + 19. P. trachygyne. 
Flow nearly sessile. nd caps sule smooth . 20. .P. maderaspatanus. 
— tushy — teas Hg a 4 in. long. Flowers 
. 21. P. Mitchelli. 
Leaves ‘obovateablong Pedice ls filiform, t io 4 lines long. 
wars aqu under the frui 2. P. Gasstræmii. 
nma erianth much enlarged, as ig as the capsule . 38. P. Dallachyanus. 
Se also 29. P. grandisepalus, which has: the filaments sometimes united at the 


Phyllanthus. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 95 
** Filaments free. 1 

a much sig ag usually as long as or longer than the 

ea 

Leaves ovate or lanceolate, acute «0. « 24. P. subcrenulatus. 

Leaves obovate or oblong, ‘abt tuse or mucronate 


Male pedicels filiform, 2 to $i es lo: Western ies 25. P. calycinus. 
Male M lline long or cig Wi ners 


ari glabro 
sor chat plant. Stems decumbent from 


Sod . 26. P. flagellaris. 
letas "plant z glaucous, Shrubby with elongated 
slender branch ooth . 27. P. similis. 
Glabrous. diis very vespa ji in. ‘long . ` 98. B 
patara glaucous. Shrubby and branched. Seeds 

29. P. grandisepalus, 


Minutely hoary-tomentoso. Fruiting perianih ‘less 
nlarged . . 90. P. Carpentaria. 
hae ib. 28. P. Dilihpeina] i in which ‘the taiii are sometimes almost 


s pubescent or hairy. 
un fur m plant, shrubby and branched. Cap- 


. 91. P. Fuernrohrii. 
Teansiibies or b plant, a shrubby and ‘branched. 
Capsule sprinkled wi . 92. P. hebecarpus. 
(0 _ tt Fruiting perianth shorter t. the capsule. 
- Low diffuse annuals. Leaves oblong, ob 
meg ge bi sp pad Cli: scarcely 2 
lines diameter 33. P. lacunarius. 


Stipules reading. e globular, 3 lines diameter on P. trachyspermus. 
Undershrubs or shrubs, Capian s small, coriacevus, not not dis- 
tichous. Fruits almost sessile. 


‘rui 
Low diffase glabrous undershrub . 35. P. australis. 
Erect rege Bett virga te branches more or less pubescent. 


eis urs 2 — 
Erect bushy gi dives shrub. Western stern species 
Shrubs with the leaves distichous on the young Ec A 
ves small, coriaceous, rigid. Pedicels very short. 
Leaves ova te, about 2 lines Tong, ma as well as the 


r oe ade ae ee 

Lain see ol about 3 lines lo ^ labrous as well as 

ys ce lsh es ng, g ed M k, 

Ko about bont 4 in. AS armas “Fruiting pedicels TT. 

(See a P ri edi cdi sc Cadel EUMD Qu Lid 
anbeli 1 ae 


aging or up 
E broad oonnertine, r u iaa present, ry 3«elled. Styles pel uie 

3 Liun, a common tropical weed belonging to this section, has not yet 
E si sri t in Australia.) " 

_ Stems annual or from a Loi bon slightly beanahed, 

“rather rigid, 4 to1 ft high. Leaves oblong . 1 41. P. simplex. 


96 : CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZE. [ Phyllanthus. | 


tems from a woody Laem EENI filiform, under 6 in. 
Leaves obovate or orbicu 42. P. filicaulis. 
Stems annual, filiform, branching r to u ft. long. ` Flowers 
very minute . 43. P. minutiflorus. 
cr. 6. Rei bia. — Trees or 8 shrubs wit th dittichots leaves. Male perianth of 4 seg- — 
MAE Stamens 2, the filaments united in a central column, anthers with se ota : 
parallel cells having the appearance of 4-celled anthers. Female perianth of 4 to em 
segments. Styles 
Branchlets with es leaves, several at n os of the 
branches with the appearance of pinnate leaves . 44. P. Armstrongü. 


Sect. 1. Grocuipi0N.— Trees or shrubs, the nus often large. | 
ana s 3 or 4 (or in. species not Australian more), the anthers erect - 
and sessile on a central column, free or more or less pean the cells 
parallel, with the connective vincia beyond them. Nu -0r 
more-celled. Styles short, thick, erect, often connate at the base. No - 
gne nds or disk in either sex. — Genus Glochidion, Forst., Brad 


some rms enumerated be T INT TRAS identical with some of those from the - | 
Archipelago, rives I have eon unable to match them precisely with any of our - 
neck 


; ndtenadi. Mue i. Apt in Flora 1865, 379, and in DC. P. Prod. | 
xv. ii. 300. A small tree quite glabrous in the typical form except m | 


ovary. ila s shortly petiolate, elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, more or - 
less acumin often. o "aa contracted. at the po usually some- - 
what pm and shining on the upper side, 2 to 4 in. long. Flower- - 


clusters in the typical men icu in the axils, the petias to 3 lines | 
long. Male perianth-segments nearly 2 lines long i in the few specimens 

where I have seen it fully out, but usually much smaller. Anthers 3 - 
or rarely 4, linear, erect on a very short en d with the con- — 
nective very shortly pro wine above the parall 1 cells. No glands | 
within the pun in either sex. Female atts smaller than in the 
wer se 


about 4 in. diameter when 1 


N. Australia. Islands of the Bu of [erri a, R. Brown 
eensland. ae ham Bay, W. Hill, Dallachy ; Fitzroy ‘island, M Giliorayi 
Wide Bay, C. Moor 
N.S S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown and others. 
m following n ay possibly pr E ove to be distinct species 

r?m smaller. Pedicels shorter. Styles longer and more visti : 
— Bremer river, "a yore ham; New England, C. Stuart. 

r.? supra-axillaris. Leaves ofthe typical form or larger and more coriaceous: 
iden very shortly pedunculate and inserted shortly above the axils. Capsule - 
4- to et elled, - more than 4 lines diameter and less depressed in the centre, quite 

most specimens, but pubescent in a few. ^R i allachy 
e amk Thozet, .O' Shanesy 


Phyllanthus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 97 


Var.? mollis. Branches, foliage, and flowers softly pubescent. Anther-column very 
=  Short.—Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. A sub-variety from the same locality has the 
_ leaves narrow and not 2 in. long 


a n 
_ cave, the 3 inner ones rather longer than the 3 outer. Anthers 3, erect 


ther sex. emale perianth rather smaller than the male, and 
slightly pubescent. Ovary depressed, almost 3-partite, the carpels 
deeply 2-lobed. Styles 3, short and thick, erect in the central depres- 
sion, stigmatic inside. Capsule about 4 lines diameter, much depressed, 
more or less deeply divided into 6 or fewer lobes according to the 
number of seeds perfected. Seeds “orange-red when ripe,” but not 
quite ripe in the specimens seen. 


Queensland. Rockhampton, O’Shanesy; Nerkool Creek, Bowman. 


Sect. 2. Synosremon.—Undershrubs shrubs or perennial herbs. 
. Leaves usually small. Stamens 3, the anthers adnate to a central 
. column, with parallel cells opening longitudinally. Ovary 3-celled. 
. Styles distinct or connate at the base, usually spreading. No glands 
= or disk in either sex. 
The section is limited to Australia. 


| . 8. P. ditassoides, Muell. Arg. in Flora 1864, 487, and in DC. Prod. 
. Xv. il, 826. An undershrub with a short thick woody base and wiry 
_ Slightly branched ascending stems of 4 to 1 ft., somewhat angular, 


Segments narrow, erect, about 14 lines long. Anthers connate and 

twice as long as the column below. Female flowers solitary, on very 

e r than i e males and 

; “keris Ovary depressed, 3-celled, pubescent. Styles diverging 

om the base, thick, 2-lobed. Capsule not seen 

Puss Australia. South Goulburn island, A. Cunningham; Port Essington, Arm- 

rong. i 

4. P. Adami, Muell: Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 327 (9 ). Stems from 

a thick woody base, ascending or erect, simple or branched, from a few 

inches to above. 1 ft. high, more or less angular, glaucous as well as the 
p VOL. VK H 


98 CVII EUPHORBIACER. - [.Phyllanthus, 1 


foliage. "Leaves linear, acute or obtuse, rigid, rather thick, $ to 1in.- 
long. Flowers diceci the males few to ether, almost sessile 


of 1 to 2 lines. Perianth-segments spreading, at first of the size of the 
males, but growing out to above 2 lines. Styles thick but rather DE 1 
and bifid. Capsule ovoid, almost acute, epe p A ay Sg 3-celle 
—Synostemon glaucus, F. Muell. Fragm.. i. llanthus bossiæoides 
A. Cunn. He spes e» stenocladus, Muell. del in ^ lon 1864, 536, and in 
DC. Prod: xv. ti. 927 ( 4). a 
. Australia. Port Keats, N.W. c A, Cunningham; M‘Adam range, Point | 
Pearce, Providence hill, F. Mueller ; Pot Dirai, Schultz, n. 460; Port Essi ele 


m UM Pi dli, Benth. Probably arcae nite glabrous, the 
stems slender but rigid, much mie erect 0 ending, the speci- 
mens seen 4 to 8in.long. Leaves linear li “ist iion uh the lower 
ones oblong-spathulate, obtuse, pror thick, flat or with recurved 

ins, 2 to near 6 lines long. Flowers apparently dlsdiods. soli 
on pedicels of 1 to 14 lines. Male perianth tubular, 2 lines lon 


com „Female flowers mt smaller, the perianth-segments short 

spreading. No disk. Ovary habit 3-celled, with 3 short thick 
free styles, spreading at the end but not lobed. 

qM. Near Brisbane, but sg dh local, C. in do (female specimen). 

N.S. ae Lachlan river, L. Mor eton (male spec en). 

his "eia two single spec imene which, t endi of different sexes. and from. 

different sdohé appear to me to belong to one species, allied to dami, but dif 

ferent as well in fohage as in the male e erinth ad and ae rome styles. The characters 

ave, however, to Pis yerified from 


6. P. hirtellus, Muell. Arg. in DC, Prod. xv. ii. 996." Apparently 
herbaceons, or perhaps an undershrub, the stems in the specimens seen 
not above 6 in. long, slender, minutely pubescent as well as the foliage. 
Leaves distichous but rather distant, linear or oblong, Lid somewhat 
cuneate, 1 to j in. lon Stipules very minute. Flowers mo 
solita Ty, t thé males on pedicels of 1 to 14 lines. Perianth ‘tubular, 
NERA lines long, pent. slightly dilated upwards, ad 
lobes not À as long as the tube, 2 of the inner ones hs than the 
thera Anthers culito: oce cupying about half the length of the 
staminal column, the connective ver slightly projecting beyon 


Pe é be 

Mess, of nearly $ line. Styles united at the base, at free, : 

broad and spreading at the ri i All pe aea ovoid, pubescent, nes ^ 
long.—Synostemon hirte i do. 

Queensland. "res es river, libel Bowman. 


con CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 99 


| 
- Synostemon rigens, F. Muell. Pini ii. 153 

| ., N. S. Wales. Upper Darling river, Bowma ; Mutanic range, Beckler ; bo 
single sme specimens in an im E ERI in Her b. F. Mueller, but very diffe 

| from any other species known to me, although with something of the habit of Pp. 
1 s : 


Res. Perianth narrow, the segments erect, nearly 2 lines long. -N 
th 


3 E. below, tipped with the small projectin ng, connectives, Female 
- perianth rather smaller than the male, n: enlarged after flowering. 
ue 3, erect, connivent ‘or more or less donate shortly divided 
1 end. Ca van ule globular, 4 to 5 lines diameter. Seeds smoo ooth, a 

p bur when unripe. 

PON. Haken Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 428 (males) and 489 (females). 


P 9. P. rigidulus, F. Muell. ; Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 72, and in 

DO. Prod. xv. ii. 370. Stems erect, rigid, 1 to 2 ft. high, hard and 
woody at the base, with virgate branches, hoary as well as the foliage 
with a minute tomentum. Leaves almost sessile, ovate or broadly 


lines long, tomentose outside, divided vom a arro 
Tigid segments. No or disk. Ovary tomentose. Styles erect, 
. connivent and more or loh connate, shortly 2 lobed at the end. Capsule 
(which I have not seen) globular, ashy-tomen ntose. (Muell. Arg.) 


— N. Australia. Gulf of Carpentaria, F. Mueller. 


efus bey eger Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 70, and in 
eed i. 826. A slender wiry rigid much- Ber es im ers of 
bout l fs, ei or nearly so at the time of flowering. Leaves few 
and only "on th oung branches, linear, thick, almost terete, 
~ to 4 lines loe. Buod small but persistent. Male paren sessile 


100 CVIII EUPHORBIACER. [ Phyllantius, 
or nearly so, «pa hie ^i LR out inthe specimens. Peri ianth-segment | ; 
; glan 


ne arly the w de f the column. Female flowers on pedicels var yiii 
from 2 to 6 lines, solitary or 2 together. Perianth narrow, about 1 line - 
long. saat labrous. ` Styles free, thick, dilated and shortly 2-lobed | 
Ch a ie ee Ec celled, 3 to 4 lines long.—Synostemon — 
Tuell. F 1 
omens filias ine ss E Mue 
S. Wales. Between the Darling river pi Cooper's Creek, Beckler. 


. 11. P. rhytidospermus, F. Muell. ; Muell, Arg. in Venen xxxiv. 20, | 
and in DO. Prod. xv. ii. 327. Stems from a woody bas cumbent of 
ascending, 6 to 8 in. high, the branches angular, gialiions ed glaucous 
as well as the foliage. Leaves teat somewhat distichous, oblong ot - 
broadly linear, acute or mucronulate, 3 to 5 lines long. Stipules per- 
sistent, subulate and conspicuously s radin often 1 line long. Flowers - 
. moncecious, Mus small, nearly sessile. Mal Atek ig -segments ovate, 


spreading, petal-like, about 3 line long. No glands. Staminal column | 
very short, anthers 3, very short, adnate roun cem dilated end and pro- - 
jecting slightly above it, forming a disk of 4 line diameter. Fe 


Ovary glabrous. ibn short, erect or scarce y^ spreading at the top, 1 


N. Australia. Depót Creek, Upper Victoria river, F, Mueller. 

12. P. albiflorus, F. Muell.; Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 70, qu. Py 
DC. Prod, xv. ii. 326. much-branched glabrous shrub, varying from 
3 or 4 ft. to twice that height, the branches terete or slightly angalah 
the smaller ones slender but rigid. Leaves obovate-oblong to narrow- 
cuneate, very obtuse, sometimes mucronulate, contracted into avery 


a 
dieses, ea greens: Styles distinct, recurved, cuneate and emargi 
Capsule depressed-globular, nearly 4 lines diameter. 
D E pas yaa Mine river, Moreton Bay, F, Mueller, C. Stuart ; Rockham 
18. P. crassifolius, Muell. Arg. in Flora 1864, 513, and in DC. F 
xv. ii. 395. A rigid gl abrous divaricately branched shrub, someti 
low and spreading, but sometimes attaining 3 or 4 ft. Leaves distichoUs - 
obovate or orbicular, rigidly coriaceous, scabrous-puncticulate, 3 to k 
lines long, all ti tipped i in our specimens with a black gland. Stipw® 
small and gland-like. Flowers very small, few in the axils, on Vel)” 
short veiliceli surrounded by small broad black bracts. Male periant? : 
segments ovate, about 2 line long, the. inner 3 rather longer than 


1 Phyllanthus, CVIII; EUPHORBIACER. 101 


thick and scabrous outside. Ovar y GADON Styles.3, an or in- 

. eurved, deeply bifid. Capsule not s 

j tralia. Sharks Bay, Milne; chon river, Oldfield.—The . origin nal 
specimens examined by Mueller Arg. were Milne Oldfie ld's Murchison river ones, 

1 P have numerous o flowers, were, only d by him after his character was 

E Tà 

P. elachophyllus, F. Muell. Herb. A bushy shrub, with 

; m rigid branchlets, hoary as well as the foliage with a minute 

. almost papillose e pubesce nce. aves distichous, ovate or oblo 

. rigidly coriaceous, 1 to 3 lines long. Stipules a almost gland-like. M e 

flowers very small, few in the axil, on exceedingly short pedicels. 
Perianth-segments ovate, rather thick, about } line long. No glands. 


TUE Naika range, F. Mueller ; Einasleigh river, Ent 


. ECT. 3. KrnaANELIA.—Shrubs, often large. Leaves Pisae Y 
3 Stamens 5, the filaments usually connate at the base. Glands present, 
. ovary an and e capsule 3- or vehat oi usually fleshy or r succulent. Styles 
. distinct or connate at the bas 
| .15. P. Novee-Hollandiz, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. i i3 

. small spreading e ea shrub. Leaves distichous, pede oblong- 
1 pee very obtuse, often acute at the base, membran 4 to 8 lin 


Female flowers none in our specimens. Ovary according to Mueller 
Arg. 5-celled. Styles 5, bifid and recurved. Capsule somewhat fleshy, 
. globular, 2 lines diameter.— P. uber iflorus, Baill. Adans. vi. 343. 
Queensland. Port Denison, bras Bay, Dallachy. 


16. E tta cire . var. glaber, Muell. ide in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 


5. 
slightly enit. les branches slender. Leaves ditichons petioli, 
ovate-o i 


lines. Male rud xai a 5, broad, very obtuse, 4 line long or 1 
or 2 outer ones eon Stamens usually 5, the 2 or 3 inner ones with 
their filaments m or less united, the outer .o nes free or nearly so. 

Glands present. but (riae, sometimes scarcely consbisudis. emale 


102 evi. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Phyllanthus. l 
iis Ms rather cn Pg the male. Ovary usually with about 8 cells, 1 
Jug ut p t length leary dry and furrowed between the seeds, about 1 


lines diam Anisonema eglandulosum, Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. 154, - 
and e: synonyms given by Muell. Arg 


t pro l 
qoe opposite e Timor. . The above on ncs is therefore taken nafy from A. Cun- - 
ningham’s specimens gathered at Coepang in iad 


17. P. baccatus, F. Herb. A large spreading or diffuse 
glabrous shrub. Leaves pon J shortly petiolate, o oveta ha 
elliptical obovate or almost or icular, varying and 


depressed, wey 3 n prem án more succulent than that of P. 
pe —P. Nove-Hollandia , Baill. Adans. vi. 343, not of Muell. Arg. — 
N. stralia. Vansittart Ba Em Greville ems “Rage W. coast, - 
A. Cuaningiam thai ien river, P. Mueller ; wn n n, Schultz, 
n Herb. R. Brown n fom Prin of Wales i island andi Pe a diee of 
species wi didus narrow leave the peo as far as I can find, all males, — | 
the plant either dicecious or the a xa yet developed. E 
SECT. 4. PARAPHYLLANTHUS, Muell. Arg. — Herbs or shrubs of varied 
habit. A een: 3, the filaments free or more or less united ; anthers 
are the cells parallel, opening longitddigally. Glands present. Ovary 
3-celled. Styles free. oe sule dry. 


18. P. binyag Linn. ; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 364. 
with angular r stem and n us slender branchlets resembling si 


rons dm, v sometimes sne arl tit long on the main stem. Stip ules 


ular. Female perianth-segments narrower and more rigid than the 
males, about 4 line long. Ovary 3-celled. Styles free, spreading, 


Phyllanthus, | CVIII.: EUPHORBIACER. 108 


dilated and 2-lobed at the end. Capsule depressed-globular, scarcely 
rrowed, scaly-tuberculate or almost muricate. Seeds more or less dis- 
tinctly marked with transverse ridges or rows of tubercles.—P. echinatus, 
A. Cunn. Her 
N. Australia. South Goulburn island, A, Cunningham; Port Darwin, i st 
n. 85, 203.—A common weed in tropical Asia and Eastern Africa. 
19. P. trachygyne, Benth. Stems from a perennial base, decum- 
bent or erect, simple or slightly branched, often compressed, 1 to 1} ft. 
t 


obtuse, i tolin.long. Stipules minute, bro Flowers apparently 
m "Wises clustered, the filiform jet about 2 lines long in 
ecimens, not above 1 line in others. € t o: 6 


Réiüida ‘flowers salsa or 2 td vier with short pedicels. Perianth- 

j ue Disk with :6 broad thin lobes. 

ie viru saw d Styles 3, bifid, recurved and E ies ap- 
ovar 


Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 112 ial with eed cels) ; n. 
Maioria with i laii stems and. obtuse leaves); n. 668 ^" d (ep AR n 
leaves); and 788 (males with longer pedicels and in Me 
20. P. maderaspatanus, Li»».; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 362 
var. angustifolius. An erect simple or r branched rather rigid annual (or 
Ee of 1 to 14 ft, the branches slender, virgate, et 
lar. Leaves distichous, oblong-linear or cuneate, obtuse or m 
eronate, contracted towards the base but sessile or nearly § so, $ to lin in. 
ic d nis usually bordered with white owers very sm 
male with or without 2 or 8 males in each axil, the pedicels 


e 
ie; Glands minute. Anthers 3, distinct, erect on the top of a short 
column, the cells parallel. Female perianth about twice the size of 
the male, iy 2 lobe 3-celled. Styles distinct, spreading, dilated ont 

d y 


tralia. p E TS island, Dam gutem ago, A, Cunningham ; Port 
: Walcot, N.W. coast, Harper; Uppe E e Vidos and Fitzmaurice rivers, F. Mueller; 


11. 
ensland. Hoc khampton, Bowman, O'Shanesy; Charlesville, Giles; Peak. 
urkitt. 1 
The species is common in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World. The 


shape of the leaves in the Australian specimens is "T nearly Pt figured by Wight, 
although much narrower than in the commoner forms of the 


21. P. Mi Mitchelli, Benth. An erect bushy shrub, koe renting 
Some of the roux fone less pubescent forms of P, thymoides, with 


104 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. [ Phyllanthus: 


which it is united by Mueller Arg., but the irons is quite glabrous, the 
male flowers larger on shorter pedicels, with the segments more united - 
a ~ base, and the filaments in all the specimens I have examined - 
d to above the middle. Leaves not distichous, narrow-cuneate, | 
said, riy licate, 13 to 3 lines MN Flowers probabl dicecious, all 
males ie specimens seen.— Micrantheum triandrum, ook. in Mitch. | 
Trop. ion 2; P. triandrus, Muell. Arg. in DC. "Prod. xv. ii. 195 
(among the species kolale from Micrantheum) a name reserved p. 299 
for E Kirganelia triandra, Blanco; P. thymoides var. Wusll- Arg. 
Le. 37 
Queensland. Pyramid depot, Mitchell. 
. 22. P. Gasstreemii, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 858, - An erect 
glabrous shrub or undershrub of 1 to 2 ft. the branches Men M bi 
ressed, the smaller ones à with the general aspect of P. 


e, membranou “om under r j in. to nearly 1 in. long. Sti- 
pules brown. Flowers pak small, moncecious or almost dicecious, the — 
males in  eluste rs of 3 or 4, the females solita Male perianth- - 


the projecting: connective. Female o preti e and more - 
acute than in the males, but n a A after flowering as in P. Dal- - 
lachyanus, greenish, bordered d FON Ovary 3-celled. Bes longer 
than the ovary, linear, bifid according to Mueller Arg., entire in the - 
flowers examined. Capsule Soprema onia glabrous, smooth, about 
2 lines diameter.— P. indigo ofer node, A. Cun erb. 1 
BS age pee a Burnet ES 3 
N. S. Wales. Port Kris (Cabramatta), Woolls ; CURED river, M' Arthur; : 
Hastings and eer rivers, Beckler; New England, C. Stuart; near Liverpool and | 
Illawarra, A. Cunningham 
23. P. rae EM enth. A glabrous shrub, the young branches | 
_ often flattened, the e Y QUARE slender, 3 to 5 in. long. Leaves | 


or vishespe j in. long. Male sida segments ovate, Mike : 
obtuse or mucronate, $ to nearly 1 line long. Stamen 53, the filaments - 
united to about the middle; judi colts arallel, but separated by à 
broad thick connective. Female pida oa 
enlarging round the fruit to about 3 lines. "Disk with a broad 
margin. Styles 9, thick, diverging, 2-lobed to about the middle. 
Queensland. Rocki apiid Bay, Dallachy.—With the foliage nearly of P. Gunnit 
this has the filaments more or less united as in I preceding species, and the enlarged | 
fruiting perianth of P. i ae and its a 
' 24. P. subcrenulatus, F. Muell. Mi: i. 108- A glabrous branch- 
ing shrub, of 1 to 13 ft., the Aeros acutely angular. Leaves $ sessile | 


Phyllanthus.] CVIII: EUPHORBIACER: 105 


or nearly so, ovate-lanceolate, more acute than in almost any other 

species, rounded at the base, rather rigid, with a prominent midrib, 

4 to 8 lines long in the N. 8. " Wales s specimens, larger and thinner in 
the Queensland ones. Stipules brown. Flowers monecious, solitary or 
very few together, on piiióela " fh to 14 li = "n per rianth of 6 ovate 
petal-like segments, nearly 2 the filaments dis- 
tinct from the base; anther- A pian gera lint distinet and almost Ar 


fr 
divided to about the middle into 2 branch a globular, aie 
brous, smooth, fully 3 lines ege Sods ys tly 
din nally. — Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. x 
Sprcensiand- Upper Brisbane river, F. Mueller pRa O’ Shanesy 
Wales. SA England, C. Stuart; Clarence river, Beckler; St. ys 
P oL Backh 


P. calycinus, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 75, t. 225. A glabrous 
shrub of l to 2 ft. Leaves oblong-cuneate, very " obtuse, contracted at 
the base but scarcely petiolate, 4 to 4 in. or Reng very luxuriant nearly 
ł in. long. Stipules ‘small, brown or more or less white. Flowers 
moncecious, on pedicels of 9 to 4 lines, the faiiiafes solitary with or 

without 2 or 3 males in the same axils, the fruiting pedicels lengthening 
di 3 in. or more and thickened towards the end. Male perianth-seg- 
nts 6 or sometimes 5, petal-like, pink bordered with white, den 
phlei about 1} lines long. Glands prominent and broad. Stamens 3, 
filaments free from the base ; ; anther-cells distinct but parallel. Feal 
ries; larger than in the males, the segments broa gh ovate and after 
owering lengthening out to 8 lines vi i io with a free 


S. PARES Port — Wilhelmi; Sger Gulf, Warburton. 
. , W. Australia. Swan river, Drumm t coll., Preiss, n. 1212; Murchison 
Tiver, Oldfield ; Champion Bay, È. Grey; rd. lani, Lie n.1213 3; King George’s 
Sound yare adjoining districts, Harvey, F. Mueller, O Hd —The above allenot far 
coast, but also Bla ckwood river, 90 miles M e sea, Oldfield. 

i dedii a. Flowers much smaller, the female perianth scarcely 2 lines long 
Py flowering .—W. Australia, Burgess. 


Wo species are sequ dutingdished, according as the seeds are priae or smooth, 
but the strie a are often not apparent till the seed is quite ripe, and amongst the very 
numerous specimens in [^ ery few have ripe seed, and the two rw are other- 
. wise absolutely undistinguisha. 


106 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. [ Phyllanthus. 


96. P. flagellaris, Benth. An undershrub slightly hoary or at 

ngth glabrous, with a woody base and m mbent simple or slightly 
branched stems of 6 in. to above 1 ft., more or less flattened. Leaves 
distichous, po shortly etes satay from a orbicular to 
oblong, rarely above + in. lon tipules minute. Flowers ap med 
dicecious, cmi males 2 to 4 together on pedicels of about 1 line, the 
females solitary on pedicels attaining 2 lines when in fruit. M 


pe 
peri aan sonrmiale petal-like, oblong; nearly ep a long when fully out | 
and o 


n contracted and thickened at Glands large. 
Stamens 3, the filaments free ; eager arallel. Fruiting perianth- 
segments enlarged to 9 lines. Capsule epressed-globular, 23 lines 
diameter, glabrous. Styles free, shortly bifid Seeds smooth. 

N. Australia. Goulburn islands, 4. Cunningham. 


similis, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 71, and in DC. P 
xv. ii. ` 869. A nedum shrub, the branches elongated, slender, sli dy 
compressed distichous, semet] pieni obovate-oblong, 
m irr mostly about ns in. long. Flowers moncecious, shortl 


REN Moreton Bay, P. Mueller ; Demon Creek, C. Stuart. 


98, P. microcladus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 71, and in DC. 


sree xv. ii, 909. A Pie PARES shrub, glabrous or nearly € the 


tests scarcely petia ate, cuneate or proc dew en ota rigid, 


solitary, the males on very short pedicels, it Malo on longe. 


mos y 
bee attaining } to 2 in. when in fruit. Male pe 


s prominent. Stamens 3, the filaments fee; a p perl 
Renials perianth when in fruic about 2 lines diam Glands connate” 


into a lobed c We Ovary glabrous. Styles deeply. ‘divided. Cap 
depressed-globular, about 2 lines diam 

gu Moreton Bay, F. Mueller. 

N. S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler. 


I have pe -" | Metam answering to the above description taken from Mueller : 


Arg.'s charac 


29. P. ince sepalus, F. Muell. ; Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 72, ; 
and in D C. Prod. xv. ii. 369. Apparently shrubby, itat but glaucous, 


the branches somewhat angular. Leaves distichous, peis shortly pet 


late, oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse or mucronulate. Stipules aps a 


Flowers moncecious, the m es 2 or 3 together on exceeding!y 


i 
j 


Phyllanthus.| CVIII. EUPHORBIACE#. 107 


pedicels, the females sete af qi the nedin rather longer but shorter than 
a » ovate Heim # line, 
or the inner ones nearly 1 line I tam 3, the ments free or 


into 2 branches. np eie depressed: 
globular, sm mooth, scarcel hroms D" yaa lines diameter. Seeds 
0 


N. Aus "dioit e river, F, Msc per ud several of the following 
species are difficult to aoni, although th ey appear to be really distinct: The 
| cbr oft the fruiting perianth is sometimes very variable. 


NT arpentariz, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 72, and 4 : 
Pr i 70. An apparently erect shrub, with rigid. ‘but edda 
vitgute Psalt hoary when young as well as the “foliage with a 
minute tomentum. Leaves — or obovate-oblong, scarcely 
petiolate, under 4 in, lo Flowers monecious, the males 


not above 1 line long under the fruit. Male — anth-segments narrow, 
pubescent outside, nearly 1 line long. Glan e. — 3, the 
filaments erect and rather thick but free ; ne sui 
perianth-segments larger than the malos and but lite enlarged after 
| ing. $ reading, very shortly 2-lobed. 
: > ag ae somewhat seer glabr us and smooth, about 
| Se 


Sg 
4 
D 
= 
et 
€ 
gs 
e 
S 
S 
5 
E 
mg 
e 
2 
4 


f P Asia ^ @ableland, "moe s Land and Roper river, Gulf of Carpentaria, 
31. P. Eeen F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soe. ^ i. 15, and in 


ar 
scent. Styles 3, divided to about the mile Capsule ange : 
depressed- globular. Seeds smooth.—Sond. in Linnza xxvii 566 ; 
M mij Ár E: in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 373. - 
sland. Cleveland Bay, 4. Cunningham; Dawson river, ‘F, Mueller; Rock- 
=e e Rockingham Bay, Dallachy Rockhampton, ae Herbert's 
Cre E. Saunders’ Creek, Expedition range, man ; 
. Wales. Sandy gravelly banks of the erra d na Y Mueller (with the 
fur perianth less enlarged). 
8. w. cec ake Eyre and the river Finke, Æ., Giles. 
MS Sharks. Bay, à var. get es obovate leaves pcm to 
ler A Ag. D qe perhaps a different species I have not seen the specimen 


L 


108 : CVIII; EUPHORBIACEX. [ Phyllanthus, 


PA P. hebecarpus, -— h. An p ranged erect rigid shrub, with 
te terete branches, more or less hoary tomentose or villous as well 


sessile, E erect, oblong or e iptical, rom under 4 in. to nearly 1 in. 
1 . . 


T hai por Beets s 


. Australia. is of QUE F. M 
Quid urdekin river, F. Melior (a ht more villous v somes 


. 93. P. lacunarius, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 14, and in 

. Kem Journ, viii. 330, A small diffuse or b en Ae fi 
our specimens mostly under 6in., glabrous but often very glaucous, 
the branches flattened or angular. Leaves very shortly potiora 
oblong or wenden contracted at the base, under 4 in. lo 
Stipules minute. Flowers very small, monecious, usually 1 “female 


a 

filaments free ; anther-cells parallel. Female perianth rather larger, 
the segments “about t 4 line ef or slightly larger under the ruit. 
A aed short, ee 2-lobed. sule glabrous, de rossed-globulim 
O9-furrowed. Seeds finely striate s longi ond. in Lin 
— : 566; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 37 


Wale es. Junction of the eire udi Darling rivers, F. Mueller ; Darling 
dum Godiin and Dallachy. : 


54. P. trachyspermus, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 14, and 
in Hook. Kem Journ. viii. 210. A glabrous glaucous annual, with 
ascending branching stem about 6 in. high in the e 
Leaves almost sessile, brondy oleng kd 4 to din 


spreading as in P. rhytidospermus, but very minute. Pis monecious 
(Muell Arg.), but no males on our specimens. Females solitary in the 
axils, on very short pedice h-segments ovate, spre& ing, 


N. s. Wales t the UGES of the Kansy. an Darling ri s, F. Mueller — 
I have only seen. ivo imperfect specimens, one in the Min n other in the 
Hookerian herbari 

35. MES: Hook. f. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 984, and in n E 
Tasm. i. reer A low glabrous undershrub with a woody base anó 


Phyllanthus. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJ. 109 


numerous ascending wiry stems of 3 to 6 in. Leaves not Pa 
ovate or obovate, obtuse or acute, es flat, 1} to 3 lines long. 
Flowers dicecious, the males in clusters of 2 or 3, ‘the females edite, 
on pedicels of 1 to 1 line. Male per Hanh -segments red, ovate-oblong, 
under ĝin. long. Glands large. Stamens 3, the filam ents i anther- 
cells parallel. "Female peranth-segments Ls 1 line long, narrower 
and more acute than the males. Dis obed. Ovary glabrous. 
pe 3, deeply divided into 9 eine Dipsule de nupt about 
Le ines diameter. Seeds smooth.— Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 


. 8. WVales.? Some specimens from egg Aena) A, Cunningham, appear to 
belong to this species, but the flowers are not in a state for examination. 
mania. Roadsides, probably common, but overlooked, J. D. Hooker. 


96. P. thymoides, Sieb. Pl. Exs. ; Sond. in Li innæa xxviii. es 
shrub of 1 to 2 ft., more or less page scent or hirsute, at least the young 
branches. Leaves no t distichous, nearly sessile, fom bro wee obovate 
to narrow-cunea diio mucronate truncate or emarginate, the mar- 
gins recurved or revolute, coriaceous, — above d and sometimes 
only 1 to 14 fina long, the midrib very prominent underneath and 
cp reed the whole 4 af stniplibite- Pas small and bluck. 


ne obtuse or the init ner ones mucronulate. Glands large. 
la p 


tuberculate. "Mall x in a DC. Prod. xv. ii. 372; P. hirtellus, F. 
Mu v Herb.; Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxii. 22; P. ledifolius, A. Cunn. 


D Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Sieber, n. 264, and FT. Mist. 
. 4. Cunningham, and others; New England, C. ‘Stuart ; Mudgee, N. Taylor ; 
"Twotold Bay, F Mueller. 

Victoria. Wilson's Promont tory, W e reed s and Genoa rivers, P. 
Mueller; Grampians, Wilhelmi; Wimmera, D 
S. Australia. Tattiara country, Woods (liene: and the Wimmera specimens much 

less hirsute, sometimes peels shit tos 
Var. glabrata. Almost gl pt th hoots.—T wofold Bay, Mossman, 
F. Mueller. it 


v o 


sp aa a _— Klotzsch in Pl. Preiss. i. 179. A kp rgo 

ing 2 to 4 ft, the branches angular, glabrous but o landalax 

scabrous. Leaves not dis tichous, obovate oblong or rarely almost 

linear, obtuse or ral eh ie rounded or ic sep at the base, rather 
Stipule jer. 


segments ovate or oblong, 3 to 2 line long. Glands conspicuous. 
Stamens 3, the filaments free ; grosor parallel. Female perianth- 


110 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, [ Phyllanthus. 


nts nàrrower and more 2 than the males, rather above 
1 dio: long when in fruit. about s 8, recurved, undivi ded. apsule 
depressed, am 3- pe E v 2 lines diameter. Seeds smooth.— 
per ll. = iim DC. Prod. x 
Cape Riche; Pune n. 1200, Drummond, 5th coll. n. 223 ; Bald 
ttd; Olid Tit tzgerald river, ' Maxwell (siia small narrow eaves) ; between. Espe- 
Bay and Russel range, Dempster (with rather large stipules 


Vos dre sce ay Benth. A shrub with rather slender rigid 


rarely above 2 lines Mie. Flowers moncecious, ee pres on 


outer. Glands large. Stamens 3, the fi ments keg patse: 
parallel. Female perianth rather ioe e the male. Disk lobed. 
Ovary eon MINA 6-furrowed. Styles 3, erect, shortly 
bifid. 

N. Australia. ak Sound, N.W. Coast, A. Cunningham. : 


39. P. aridus, Benth. An erect much- iar rigid shrub, the 


ceedingly short ee corer lengthened under the fruit. Male 
perianth-segments (perhaps Rog Jet ns Aarelapen) ovate, pear -like, 


4 line long. Glands small. 3, the filaments free; à PA 
cells parallel. Female Perianth s slightly ang under the 
labrous, almost coriaceous. Capsule  depresed-globua Mus 


lines diameter, 3-celled. Styles not s 
. WN. Australia, Barren shores of saine - and Port Warrender, Yo 
Bay, N.W. Coast, 4. Cunningham. 
0. P. Gunnii, Hook, f. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 284, and Fl. Tasm. i. 
ll shrub, sometimes almost arborescent, quite glabrous, with 
slender s rapae ien branches. pi aves distichous, obovate or orbicu- 


nd ve 

Bramens 3, the > the filaments ‘ai variable in length; anther-cells pun 
rianth scare aroa larger than the male. Ovary 8-celled, 
glabrous. P'tyles fr ee, bifid, wed. 

ll. Arg. in didi ens d 20, a d in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 368. 
N. S. Wales. Twofold Bay, » (sp 
_Wictoria. Between Yowaka and Sealer's Cove, Mount Hunter, Broadribb river 
asmania. Dense forests at George Town, Circular Head and Rocky Cape, Gunn 
King Island, Herb. F. Mueller. 


Phyllanthus] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEX. ei 


The specimens ye a. leaves can scarcely be distinguished from P. Gasstremii, 
except by the free 

Var. saxosus, F. rid i More rigid, with fewer flowers.—P. saxosus, F. Muell. in : 
jen xxv. 441 
Victo Wim ra, Dallachy. 
s. Asicatin: Flinders Baise) Cudnaka, towards Lake Torrens, F. Mueller. 


T. 5. EUPHYLLANTHUS, Muell. Arg.—Herbs shrubs or estes of 
ce "habit Puis analy distichous. Stamens. 3, the filaments 


S 
diverging or opening P a rA dh and often separated by a broad con- 
nective. Glands present. Ovary 3-celled. Styles free. Capsule dry. 

This is rather an artificia] section than a natural l group, some species bearing a close 
resemblance and only istinguished by their 
anthers ; the foils à are, however, usually much ri than in that se 


rarely above igh, flattened wh oung. quts aiai, 

almost sessile, lanceolate or almost linear and acute or the lo 

oblong obtuse, rarely above in; long. ules very small, 
brown or white wers moncecious or almost cnt sin 


without males often 2 or even 3 from the same axil, al turo to Di 
side. Male perianth-segments 6, spreading, coloured, not 4 line long. 
mee thd ‘Stamen s 9, ' the filaments free; anther-cells glo- 


tyle m 
brous, smooth, scarcely 1 ameter. Seeds usualy punctate or 
tuberculate when quite e ripe, but sometimes DeF coloured and smooth, 
although AP DRED y full gro 

Endeavour. ioa x: Cunningham ; "Roiegham: Bay, Dallachy ; 

Roc ampton, e O’ Shane 

Var. leiospermus. im 1 to " ft. high, and mq annual. Pedicels shorter 
than usual. Seeds almost or quite smooth.—Narr r, Mitchell 

P. Beckleri, Muell. Arg. in Linnæa xxxiv. 74, mii DG. Prod. xv . ii. 390, from N. S. 
) aeneis arence river, Beckler, which I haye not seen, gto gaid to differ from 
simplex only in the smooth seeds, which Say no more than in P, calycinus appear to 
bc available as a specific distinction. 
- conterminus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxii. 31, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 389, from 


ides the smooth seeds of P. Beckleri to differ in its diccious flowers. 
Mueller arg. however appears to have seen the female only, and many speise st 
(Pa be seen without any male flowers, which are always very deci 

. and often pid absent from the 

Be P. Pese Benth, A small glabrous plant, with a 

| and numerous filiform stems, from 1 to 6 in. bug, pm 
E habit Honors] that of P. australis but more slen de aves obo- 
. Vate or the lower ones orbicular, under } in. long. Stipules minute. 


112 . | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. | Phyllanthus. 


m oured, under 1 line long. Glands sm Stamens 3, the filaments 
free ; anther-cells globular, divergent. yes nep segments nar- 
rower and rather longer than in the males. Disk truncate and lobed. 
-— 3, bifid. Capsule glabrous and esos under 1 line diameter. 
New England, C. Stua 


43. P. minutiflorus, F. Muell. Herb. ; Muell. Arg. in Linnea x xxxiv. 


ascending stems from a few inches to above 1 ft. long 
Lower leaves broadly eam or almost orbicular, 2 d bs lines d a 
upper ones oblong-lanceolate or almost linear, } to lowe 


m 
Stamens 3, the filaments free; anthers not seen perfect. Styles short, 
dep 2-lobed. Capsules depressed, under 1 line. diameter. Seeds 


Upper Victoria river, F. Mu Vc pre the same species, 


Simic uper ; 
small young plants of 1 to 2 in ids orbicular leaves, Port Darwin, Schultz, n n. 326, 


and elongated specimens vit lon ger pedicels and doa iud small leaves, York 
Sound, Pe W. Coast, A. Cunn a 
Var.? gracillimus. Filiform branches zu endet 1ft.long. Leaves all narrow, 
2to4 fa long. illi b. Hook. 
ueensland. 


Moreton Bay, E Mue 
e above eA probably all forms ia one ii fion but with the minuteness of the 


Th 
esse - is difficult to establish definite characters from the imperfect specimens ' in, 


our herba 


Sect. 6. RErprA.—Trees or shrubs. Leaves ote Male 
Phat "of 4 segments. Stamens 2, the filaments united in a cen 


anthers verticillate round the top of the Sari Female aries of 
Styles : 


4 to Ó segments. Styles 9.— Reidia. Wight; Eriococcus, Ha 


44. P. Armstrongii, Benth. A glabrous shrub or tree, the branch- — 
lets slender, 4 to 8 in EAM with thin distichou s leaves resembling © 
Lue ade leaves chiot at the ends of the branches. B ond ekers shortly 
petiolate or almost sessile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, ciini ranous, - 


mostl about lin. lon ti pules minute. owers monceci cious, 


Mel perianth rotate wine NC S pitt more ibn lli cs [e 


lands large. Anther-cells radiating from a short c iege mt um» 


which iube sli € brine them, -— cell = g transversely 
in 2 small valve erianth of a: ate dentate ents 


Disk broadly e eu muria half as too as the vieni a Y 


glabrous, with 3 exceedingly short bifid styles. Fruit not seen. 
. N. Australia. e Asa Armstrong. i 


! 


, 
i 


Breynia.] CVIII: EUPHORBIACEJE. 113. 


18. BREYNIA, Forst. 
(Melanthesa, Blume ; Melanthesopsis, Muell. Arg.) 


| Flowers moneecious, axillary, solitary or few together. Male fl. : 
| ten anth GUIAS, fat topped, the small orifice in the centre almost 
| ioc mens 3, united in a central column, with-. 
ben any rudi Ant oe ovar ; ‘anthers 2-celled, adnate to the column, 
the cells parallel, opening "longitudinally in 2 valves. Female fl: 
= erianth turbinate or campanulate, with 6 very short lobes or teeth, 
. Sometimes minute or o Eis yu sessile Pn shortly  stipitate,. 


or nin a indehiscent doe, See iiis iN with a S EUR t inner 
angle and a curved back, the hilum small, de er end ag sie 


ranches slender, the foliage u usually pude not always drying black. 
aves alternate, ponp S usually broad, entire. Flowers small, on 
short oe cels. Fruits 
The genus is generally jid over tropical Asia and the Pacific islands. Of the 
four Adétralían species, one and perhaps two are also in the Indian Arc lago, the 


two others appear to be quite e Ah he genus is allied to the section Glochidion 
of Phyllanthus, but readily distinguished by the peculiar ma by the 
more baccate fruit. The section Mela opsis, with longer spreading divided styles, 
has not as etected in Australia. The seeds appear to me to sam 
both sections without anything that can be properly called an arillus. The hilum at 
thet um ery small, the -e cavity at the lower en e n 
. the inner and outer r coating of the se th of them crustaceous except at the lower 


end "T the imt where the outer one p membranous and wears away leaving a sma 
pening. 


Fruitin ng perianth spreading flat to a diameter of about 3 BM ul 1. B. cernua. 


2 lines d hort t or spreading on the 
E ous Styles very short erec P nt "^ i 
| Fruiting perianth scarcely enlarge d. 
Ovary and capsule more or less contracted into a stipes at the | 
base and crowned with three Lug surrounding the see 
e les 3. B. stipitata. 
vary and capsule sessile, the “ovary ‘tapering ‘at the e top, the 
capsule toes enly contracted into a beak . 4. B. rhynchocarpa. 
rnua, Muel in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 499. A glabrous. 


shrub, with the "end. rad orbicular leaves and the flowers of. 
B. stipitata, but the female perianth rather largor at the time of flower- 
ng, very shortly broadly and retusely 6-lobed, and when in fruit 
spreading out quite flat to the diameter of fully 3 lines. Capeule sessile, 
gi ihe without appendages, Kati Phe the very short styles.— 
Tene lanthesa c ua, Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. 155. T hic 
The ecimens female flow 

T Apte NW. Cn 4 dcs an- which the capsule has Te fallen I 
D VOL. VI. 


114 CVIII, EUPHORBIACEJ. [ Breynia, 


off, nt " far as they go, they agree po with the typical Timor aene of 

B. cer: A specimen from Point Pearce, f. Mueller, may also be the e species, 

with the f he fruiting perianth not so dme developed, but the fruit is not yet cate ripe. 
Queen: York, Daem 


ovite ‘or a oadly oblong, obtuse, $ to 1 in. Stipules batts rather 
rigid, acu owers monecious, the females solitary, with or without. 
1 or 2 sate, hee pee acne in cluste of 2, 8 or more, and the cluster 


someti short raceme, with a es of 1 to 1 line, 
ee ith iml ifite angilo. Hike bracts. Pedicels usually about 1 line 
le perianth nearly 1 line long, broadly turbinate, flat-topped 
sit ‘the aeifibe closed, the stamens quite included, the anthers covering 
the greater portion of the central eld umn. Female perianth spreading 
and fel and broadly 6-lobed, about 1 line diameter when in flower, 
enla “By 02 y under the fri but remaining concave, not spread- 
mg ernua es short, entire, erect or spreading. 
distila ak, Stolen, aba 3 lines diameter, obtuse, without any 
protuberances round the styles.—B. cinerascens, Baill. Adans. vi. 944 
Queensland. Broad Sonnd, R. Brown; Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, F'. Mue ller; 
Percy island, A. Cunningham (with broader leaves) ; ijide pio, O'Shanesy, 
ozet ; Cape hagas 
prg a di the Blue Mountains, R, Brown, Phebe a n. «Mm 
A. Cunsinghers. ce — Honora river, Oldfield ; New England, C. Stua 


stipitata, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 442. A tall pr 


t pro 
ring round the short styles jid pun their Tenet, both the stipes and of 
the terminal protuberances already apparent on the ovary at the tim 
a 


wit "endis 7».:546, 581; Prince of Wales islands, R. 
Rockingham p^ Dallachy; Cleveland Bi Bay, Bowman (with nar 
rower leaves). 
B. Fron aes Baill. Adans. vi. 344, from Rockingham Bay, Dallachy, from the B. 
ery imperfect specimen E undis dd F. Mueller, appears to be a slight variety of 
slpiteta, with much larger le. 


ynchocarpa, Benth. Apparently 4 a shrub with the habit of 


. B. 
B. sniongifotra, but the specimens not drying so black, and assuming 
glaucous hue. Leaves broadly ovate or or cul, very opis 18e, mostly 
about 1 in. lon ale flowers only seen young, but a j rently 
e 


stralia. Islands of the Gulf of Tae tage g ETM Henne ; Port Dare — 


Breynia.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 115 


N. Aus RE King's Sound, N.W. FN MES 


19. SECURINEGA, Juss. 
(Fluggea, Willd.) 


Flowers dicecious, in axillary clusters. Male fl.: pns divided, 
to the base into 5 petal-like segments. Stamens 5 or times 4, 


2-fid or 3-fid pistil without any ovary, but Sion as long as the stamens;. 
anthers with 2 parallel eels opening longitudinally in 2 valves. Female. 
: Perianth of the males. Disk flat, = a free dentate margin. 
Ovary 3-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell. Styles 8, recurved and bifid. 
Fruit os. or scarcely su succulent ger €— ee irre is Mode ge ease 


ntire. Flowers very small. Fruits 
he genus is spread over the warmer regions am i and Africa, one vo reac mkin 


j 8 

[os the mae alian species eiae have the peculiar structure of those of quam 

: owever, Up seg wn by the perianth, the exserted stamens, the 

tary piai, the dry y fru 

Branches unarmed, bs eaves above 1 in. lon 1. S. obovata. 
Branches often "Sana Leave va to i d » long, of often emarginate, 


or very obtu. . S. Leucopyrus. 


l. S. obovata, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 449. A tall unarmed 
sd. quite glabrous but sometimes glaucous, the smaller branches often 
ad a 


young. Leaves ovate, usu oad and sometimes 
seat orbicular, rarely s id very obtuse, 1 to 2 in. long or 
when very luxuriant nearly 3 rominently pen nnienined and the nu- 


merous reticulate veinlets oon also prominent underneath. Flowers 
minute, the males usually very numerous in : e cluster, the females 
ttim, both on filiform pedicels.of 1 to 2 lines. Periant s 


Fe ls rather broad. Ce ule red, de sien lobular, aa dor 

» a fons Hort. Berol. 329; 
F. Muell. i n: Hook. Kew Journ. ix. 17; Fluggea 
eva salen F. Muell. in Trans. Bot. Soc. ee vii. 490, and tmd 
numerous other synonyms given T Muell. Arg. Lc. 


* 


". 


116: CVIII EUPHORBIACEA.. [ Securinega. . 


Australia. Regent's river an. Cygnet Bay, N. W. coast, A. Cunningham;. | 
Kings Sound ay Collier Bay, Chapm pan: Hierson island, Gregorys Eape-. 
dition ; Victoria Fitzmaurice Aven P. ller ; Islands of the gulf of pne a 


taria, R. Piobwf. Sweers island and Albert river, ' Henne ; Port Dar rling, Schultz, 
57: 


8. 
Queensland. Cape York, at iit d Gilbert river and Howick’s group. F. 
Mueller; Port Denison, Fitzalan; Rockingham and Edgecombe Bays, Da llach y; 
Broad Sound and Bowen n river, Bowman ; Kennedy district, Daintree; Flinders river, 
Sutherland; Port M ackay, Nerns 
The species is common in atent Asia and Africa. 


. Leucopyrus, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 451. A large 
stragglin shrub, quite glabrous, with numerous small rigid branchlets 
occasionally terminating in a -s votis _ es ovate obovate or almost . 
orbicular, very obtuse or emarginate, smaller and more membranous 
than in S. obovata, and usually not M "I long. Flowers and fruit 
entirely those of P. obovata.— 5S. virosa, Baill. Adans. vi. 334, and several 
synonyms given by Muell. Arg. l.c 

eensland. Gilbert river, F. Mue hed Rockhampton, tier tet O' Shanesy ; 
Bowen river, Bowman. — Common in many parts of East India 


20. NEORGEPERA, Muell. Arg. 


Flowers moncecious, in axillary clusters. Male fl. : kentn Mer 
to the base into-5 or 6 petal-liké segments. Stamens 5 or 6, exserted, 
surrounding a broad central irregularly-lobed disk or abortive pe E 
anthers with 2 parallel cells, opening longitudinally in 2 valves. - 


male fl.: Perianth deeply divided into s, narrower than. in the 
male. Disk shortly lobed. Ovary 9-celled, with 2 ovules in each 
cell yles 2, clavate or broad, undivided. Capsule globular, 
rating into 3. 2-valved coriaceous cocci. Seeds ovate-oblong, slightly 
compressed, any carunculus. ‘Testa. smooth and shining, 
without any as cavity. Albumen Dens copious; embryo nearly 
straight, with broad cotyledons —Shru es alternate, shori 
petiolate, en coriaceous. ‘Flowers ^ni so small as in Secur 


— much e i 

The s is limited to iru de d Baillon reduces it to a section of Secur ine : 
but ve A sn of the fruit and seed appears to differ far too much to sanction the union- — 
tour elliptical-oblong,, mostly about 1 in. long. Sob elongated 


. N. built. 
Titres cunéate oblong o or almost st obovate, to Zin. long. St less short enti 
broad and thi ck t di ng: fn . N. Banksü. 


Neor&pera.] -CVIII EUPHORBIACEE, (OM 


and narrower, shortly united at the base. Styles 8, rather long, 
clavate-at the end but not pee tb die cb globular, about 3 lines 
diamet ter.—Repera buxifolia, F. Muell erb.; Seeurinega Muel lisia, 
Baill. Adans. vi. 333 

Queensland. piióané: Creek, Bowman; Lizard island, ‘Walter. — Some speci- ' 
mens, also without flowers, from En deavour iei 4. itn ningham, and referred by him 
to Sersalisia obovata, appear to belong to the s 

2. N. Banksii, Benth. A twiggy aliod shrub of several feet. 
eaves cuneate-oblong, very obtuse or emarginate, rarel mucronate, 


ied slightly veined, 4 to gin. long. Flowers few in the 
clusters, the males rather smaller an in N. buxifolia, and the stamens 
not hi in our specimens, in which, however, the flowers are not 


y 
seen in fruit, which is the same as in N. buxifolia, except that the 
styles are short and very broad. Seeds not seen quite ripe.—Phyl- 
lanthus Banksii, A. Cunn. Herb. 

Queensland. Sandy i north shore, Endeavour river, A, Cunningham, 
21. HEMICYCLIA, Wight et Arn. 


lowers dh euros Mal aint Perianth p 4 or 5 much 
ment 


male. clusters sometimes apparently forming a short raceme from 


The genus contains but few species, dispersed over the East Indian Peninsula, 
Ceylon, and the pester Archipelagy, Of the three Anitealiap species, one appears to 


e the same as the commonest of the Indian ped the two others are endemic. All 
"three are, however, vy lose allied to each other. 

Alaikik ede much longer than the if bn anthers . 1. H. sepiaria. 

y short; anthers twice as long, oblong, not exceed- 


the 
Oran e peria 2. H. australasica. 


- Ovary moon Bm =: i and. 
l. H. s W. & Arn.; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 487, 
var. ? asi Ak ^A shrub of 6 to 9 ft, the young shoots minutely 


as. - €VIII. EUPHORBIACEX. [ Hemicyclia, 


posee thes adult foliage glabrous. Leaves petiolate, ovate-oblong 
or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous and shining when full-grown, 
but most of iu on. the flowering specimens. still uns and mem- 
ranous, finely veined underneath, 14 to 2l in. long. Male flowers 
several together i in axillary clusters sometimes. growing out into short 
e filiform pedicels — si lines -- Perianth-segments 
4, broad, about 1 line long. Stam to 8 in the flowers examined, 
inserted round a hollow disk, wi ith. the margin ads late. as. in. H. 
australasica. No fe HHR specimens seen: of the Australian variety. 
e bea ach, Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 746.—The species is 


the narrower leaves as well as in the disk, but are probably a a variety on ; the stamens 
are entirely those of A, sepiaria, and not of the two following species. 


2. H. australasica, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 487. A spread- 
ing tree attaining 40 ft., rarely reduced to a shrub, the young shoots 
slightly pubescent, but soon becoming glabrous, sometimes rather 
dn us, aves petiolate, from broadly ovate to Baer 


giro fos "rif s of prin fumar Hen ne; lios pi ice Ro kin a 
Bays, Dallachy ; Bordekin in F. Mu eller ; Cleveland Bay, Bow man; Kennedy 


with longer narrower leaves a irec of 100 ft. Lord Howe's island, C. Moor 

There are also among the Queensland plants specimens with narrow leaves, and others 

with larger or smaller ome: which i in the P ies of male flowers I am unable to refer 

with certainty speci 

FE. er, and after lim “Baillon n, refer the whole species to the East t Indian H. 

sepiaria, Wight and Arn. ; but t notwithstanding much general r oe it appears 
to differ essentially in the stamens and in some minor particular 


.H ogyna, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 119. A tree with the habit 
a H australasica, but the leaves usually larger, 2 to 3 in. long, mem — 
branous at the time of flowering, but ecoming coriaceous when "n 
ruit. Flowers rather larger than in. H. austr alasica, the perianth- : 
os mostly fringed or ciliate. Anthers large, oblong, on very |— 

short filaments as in that x eee but often bearing a few hairs, and 
the ovary pii gl We villous | 
N. Australia. Ps Leichhardt Armstrong; Port Darwin, Schl 
n. 700, 742 Acer d 692 (mal : 


ee eee 


Your. thoota and nndareide of the Jeaves t 


the specimens seen.— B. ovata var. 


Briedelia,| CVIII. EUPHORBIACEX, 119 


22. BRIEDELIA, Willd. 


s monccious, in axillary iUc or d: Male 


Flow 
‘Calyx deni divided into 5 segments, valva the bud, spreding 


n in flower, Petals 5, scale-like, ober dé "spathülato, "s sm 
lamina usually broad and dentate. Disk bro ad, with a entire 
or slightly lobed margin. Stamens 5, inserted on a central T oliin 

riz 


2 ovules in each valk Pros distinct or connate at the ase, more or 
less 2-lobed or nearly en Fruit a small berry or drupe, with a 
succulent indehiscent Fa the deeem rather hard or crustaceous, 
separating into 2 indehiscent cocci or pyrenes. Seeds usually solitary 
in eac yrene, with a longitudinal furrow on the inner face; 


tire, wi sa 
veinlets prominent on bot th. sides. Stipules small. Flowers small, 


or drupes ee red or "ead 

The genus ree over the warmer regions of Asia and Africa. Of the four Aus- 
tralian species, two are also Asiatic, the two others appear to be endemic. 
Whole plant edis 

Flowers few together. Male calyx-segments 1 line Ini Staminal 


column not half so long as the filaments. Styles very short. . 1. B. exaltata. 
owers in dense clusters, Male UD rS ents 4 line erm Sta- : 
rus column nearly as long as the filaments. Styles rather pea 

2. B. ovata. 


escent 
owers in dense clusters. Female ey Seen zi ne long . 3. B. tomentosa. 
Flowers solitary or 2 or 3 together. Female ca y at least 1 line ^ 
NEC C20 s 4. B. faginea. 


tata, F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 39. A tree of 60 to 70 ft. 


Dora 
pert aboot Leaves shortly petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, acute or 


tuse, with much more numerous primary veins than in 


thin and spreading. Disk nolo Staminal column very kori 


filaments at least twice as long. Berries black, globular, much on 


than in B. ovata. Styles ilecdiaghy e but Hl is n in BO. Po 


Xv. ii. 495; Amanoa ovata, Baill. rp ere vi. nx 


120 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. { Briedelia. 


N.S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler ; Richmond river, Herb. F. Mueller ; Tweed 1 
river, ipei 


2 to 4 in. long, the te priu veins uh more distant than in B. tomen- 
e or nearly so, numerous in the ode and pre- 


Jk 
REP, rather larger than in B. tomentosa. Styles rather lo 
tralia. Sims island, ‘North coast, A. Cunningham.—The eae is also — 
in "Timor and Malacca, A. uus ngham's specimens entirely agree with those de- 
scribed 2 piel from Tim 


"with a rather thick flat fe. and entire margin. St aminal column 
— the free part of the filaments about as long, radiating from the — 
top of the column round the central abortive 3- to 5- lobed pistil. 

= AE. bes on very short thick palios s. Calyx rather larger than 
in the males and the petals more a Disk with a dou e margit 
the outer one flat and entire or nearly so, the inner one for DAE a short 

sd usually 5-lobed. Ovary "- 


Mos 336. à 
Australia. Victoria river, F. Mueller; Port Essington, Armstrong; Pot — 
Pob, cmd n. 46, 101, 111, 166. 

Queensland. Hoc cim; HEBES n 
Var ss Fru Wood island, Gulliv 
c e species is M in P EN India Md p» d PERS. extending northward to South — 

ina 

4. B. faginea, F. Muell. Herb. A tall shrub or email tree, the - 
slender branches aud underside of the leaves tomentose-pubescent or at 
h glabr Lea b 0 


lengt es ovate or ection rer obtus almost 
acute, 1 to 2 in. long, firmer than in omentosa, and on some branches 
under 1 in. | and obovate or almos cu a [yon lanceolate. 
Bracts small. Flowers closely sessile, po ae or 2 toge mostly 


females in our specimens, but the males appear to be ei solitary: 
Male calyx-segments rather broad, obtuse, scarcely above 4 line long. 


UNE 


Flower- vba gie mostly i in leafless titénrpt ted ferruginous ai^ 
Leav 


-Briedelia.] .CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 121 


.' fPetals entire or nearly so. p of B. tomentosa. Femalé calyx- 


segments narrow and at least 1 line long, the inner disk large. Fruit 
red, globular, fully 2 Mace vpe r, hard but not thick, separating into 


2 cocci or —€— and ripening ale one a ti in each.—Amanoa a faginea, 
i. 336. 


Baill. Adan 


Quee "We aiko Dallachy, Bowman ; Keppel Bay, Dallachy; Port 
Dern, ts ge 


' 23. CLEISTANTHUS, Hook. f. 


Flowers moncecious, in sessile EL ey or in leafless spikes. 


Male fl. : Calyx deeply divided into 5 lobes segments, valvate in the 


pink spreading when in flower. Petals 5, stipitate or spathulate, iin 
mall lamina usually broad and dentate. Disk broad with an en 
or slightly lobed fr free margin. Stamens 5, inserted on a central pie mn 


axis, a broad pbritithat rine: See s with a rather scanty pennis 
cotyledons broad, " er thin, often more or less folded.— Trees or 
rubs eaves al 


not so prominent as in Briedelia ia, aret nts and ee far within 
the mem the voinlets eotioalate, not transve 


ae of 
South Povia slanda; but the rnn ita "dice ndm m » all hen It m been 


ma 
culiar inflorescence, different from t E t of any other Australian Phyllanthee, and 


. "approaching that of Amanoa, from which Cleist anthus like Briedelia differs essentially 
sters. 


in the valvate perianth, the structure of the seed, and other c 
Fii 4 all axillary, small. Leaves mostly under 2 in. 


tamens very shortly unite 
Capsule stipitate, Leaves obtuse yids "ep put e Cunning 
Ca ssile. Leaves mo: . Ca 


s above 2in.long. Staminal column as long as the 
Siekiai 
pnta 1} lines long. Leaves green on both sides. 
Capsu eg 
Calyx-segments MEL 1 line long. , Leaves pale or r glancbus 
underneath. Young capsule villou . 4. C. semiopacus. 


3. C. Dallachyanus. 


122 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEE. [ Cleistanthus, — 


.. 1. C. Cunninghamii, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 506. A tall 
shrub, quite glabrous or the young shoots slightly pubescent. -— a 
petiolate, ovate-oblong or elliptical, rather thinly coriaceous, obtuse or 
rarely obtusely and idis pred sapo mostly 14 to 2 in. lon oft P 
= underneath. Flow n dense axillary clusters, sessile or — 
nearly e 


mens very aged united at the base. Female oa with a broadly 1 


usually yon t 3 
ninghamii, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxii. 80; Amanoa Cunninghamii, Baill. — 
eel vi. 335. 


N. Australia? An imperfect specimen from Victoria river, F. Mueller, may be [ 

this species. 
eensland. Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, w Cunningham, Fraser, F. Mueller; 
bra river, F. Mueller ; Rockhampton, Dallach 1 
iS. hb nage Hastings river, aUe Becker: Richmond, Tweed, and Clarence 1 
itle C. Moor i 
This ome is pem to C. stipitatus, Muell. Arg., from New Caledonia, but the leaves E 
are much less coriaceous, and 1t is readily distinguished by the densely villous ovary. ——— 


2. C. apodus, Benth. A straggling shrub or small bushy tree, 1 
usually quite glabrous, nearly resembling €. Cunninghamii, but the leaves 1 
more ovate, an ally acute or acuminate, the male flowers rather - 
smaller, the ica ments varus above 1 line lon 


Mi Cape York; M'Gillivray, Daemel ; Rockhampton Bay, Dallachy. 


M c. Dallachyanus, Baill. in Herb. F. Muell. A enn tree, 


Er 
aa any foliage glabrous. Leaves ovate, obtuse or nidie freq 
obtusely ac uminate, rounded at the base, rather thickly x 


axils of floral leaves of 4 to 1 in., more frequently nearer together 
from ; e abortion of the floral leaves forming more or les sad don ie 


ee" 


* pont indi seen ve 
pertect, being much injured in our specimens by insects. 


- Cleistanthus.] CVIII EUPHORBIAQEZ. 3193 


1 pre (Baillon). Capsule closely sessile.— Amanoa Dallachyana, Baill. 
- Adans. vi. 335. 


1 a T 2:41 S cod 3 in $1 ys.) 1 ; n Brown; Rockhampton, 
- Dallachy, Thozet. 


. 0 : 
_ Very short cup. Fruit depressed-globular, tridymous, nearly 3 lines 
. diameter, ferruginous-villous or at length nearly glabrous. 
Queensland. Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


E pu or the males rarely: without any. | 
mbryo with broad cotyledons and a narrow radiele. Trees, shrubs, 
or herbs, eaves usual) i 
E often toothed. Flowers, a j 
panicles, very rarely reduced to clusters. Stamens usually indefinite, 
ew or many. 


TRIBE 5. Croroneæ.— Flowers distinct, both sexes with 
Ovules 


1l. +- Caly. 
Valvate in the bud. Petals as many and usually as long as the calyx- 


road usually hairy receptacle or disk ; filaments free, inflected in the 
bud below the anther, erect and usually exceeding the expanded 


194 .CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. "[Oroton. — 


stipi itate glands at t. the top of the petiole or base of the lamina. Stipules : 
usually minute. Flowers ee clustered along the rhachis of ater- — 
minal r Boe the bracts very sm 


nus is a very large one, ex — over the pe eae of both the New 4 | 


The g 
and de ‘Old World. Of the seven Australian species ted by a distinct — 
'variety in New Caledonia and another in the Fiji and Philippine Fislsnidá, the five ee | 
"appear to be quite endemic. 
Stamens not more than Yun Leaves penniveined, rarely i EOE 
s larly 3-nerved at the base ^ 
AA eph clothed pre AMET with a stellate xd or 
ilve 
Female Bi nay 3 lins din male ed lline. Styles with 2 


elongated bra HR 1. €. Schultzü. 
Female calyx iei 1 line as well as the male ^ 
Sty mm th 2 rather broad branches . ena a « 2. C. insularis. 
es with E. hir. ea iriran 
"ss s all alternate Se a UD punc 
All or nearly allop . 4. C. oppone 


de on both sides witha a ae stellate tomentum . 5. C. somentellus 
io pid prame or very sparingly sprinkled when young 


wit te hairs or scales. 
Leaves fier. thin. Stamens 10 to 12. Capsule globular, : a 
scarcely í furro er 6. C. Verreauxn. 
tamens 5 to 8. ` Capsule longer dans Eid 
gotten scarcely furrowed . . C. acronychioides. 
Leaves coriaceous. Stamens about 10. Capsule deeply 3 E 
Y a Were at the to C. triacros. 
Stamens 20 to 30 or more. Leaves broad, 5- or  Tnerved at A 
base, dis a garet , . 9. C. arnhemicus. 


1. C. Schultzii, Benth. A shrub b of 8 to 12 ft., the he young bronta 


imperfectly 3- or 5-nerved, 2 to 4 in. long, on a petiole 
in our née Anis the upper surface hoary when young, s orinklod. when | 
ll grown with a small scaly pubescence. Racemes short and dense, - 
-with a thick rhachis, the upper part male, with a few female flowers? - 
-the pri part, the darkie 5 exceedingly short. Male calyx-segments | 
very , Obtuse, imbricate, about 1 line long. Petals rather broad. 
dug "en ll, on a hairy receptacle. faits le cal -— 4 
es lo ong. Styles 3, " united at the , deeply 
divided into 9 ) nitber long entire bra : 
N. Au ia. Port Da — , Schul cent single specimen). In the large 
female ar this species resem les the pp na C. argyratum and the E. Jndian 
tum and its allies, vA differs in the form of the leaves, the short racemes, | 
inate female flowers, &c. z 


2. C. insularis, Baill. Adans. ii. 917. A tall straggling shrub 0r 
small tree, the branches inflorescence and underside of the ates : 
-silvery-white or slightly reddish with a close scaly tomentum. Lesv9* : 
ovate to lanceolate, obtuse, entire or scarcely sinuate, rounded or taper - 
ing at the base, finely and often obscurely penniveined, the upp?" 
“surface green, but sprinkled with a few small scales, mostly 2 to Jin 


Croton.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACE Æ. 195. 


long, on petioles of 1 to 4 in. Racemes 3 to 4 in. long, the upper por- 
tion male, the female flowers occu g the lower cliisters, and otten 
lor 2 with the males higher up, a s [an on HARE of 1 to 2 lines, length- 


very slightly ul lic or almost valvate m sa out as long. 
Stamens about 11; anther-connective rather broad. Female calyx- 


osa was ns. oni eran oll 3 lines diameter.—Muell. Arg. in 
d. 


msland. Br m. i und, R. Brown; ie bane Moreton Bay, A. Cun- 
eitgham, 2 Fraser, Leichhardt, F. Mueller ; Reckinghars "Bay Dal llachy "Burdekin 
river, F. Mueller ; y Boskhampion, Thozet, Dallachy, and ot her! Queensland Woods, 
London Exhibition, 1862, n 
- S. Wales. Blue Mini Miss Atkinson; Breakfast Creek, Leichhardt. 


3. ny phebalioides, F. Muell.; Muell. Arg. in. Flora 1864 (Oct.) 
485, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 581, A tree attaining 40 to 50 ft., with 
slender weak often pendulous branches, silvery-white as well as the 
inflorescence and underside of the leaves with a close scaly tomentum. 
. Leaves petiolate, lanceolate, or the larger ones ovate- de ceolate, and 
_ the smaller ones narrow oblong, obtuse or almost acute, entire or 


C. stigmatosus, F. Muell. ie Tiv: deb ac ov BEDS j 
Lin nnæa xxxiv. 107, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 580. 
Queensland. Burdekin river, fa a d Port Denison, Fitzalan ; Edgecombe 
we Prep Rockharepton, Bow 
es. Clarence and Richmond MEN Beckler. 
Te species is also in New Caledonia. The original specimens of C. phebalioides, 
E Mueller, fio the Burdekin, have — mostly obtuse — leaves, the primary 


most 
usually toothed Hv with 2 veins more prominent underneath; but in some speci- 


oppon Muell. Herb, A single a in herb. F. 
Mui: has the parse gh and indumentum of €. phebalioides, but the leaves 
are all opposite, or nearly so, and the capsules on T peduncles of 
2 or 3 lines are much larger, ovoid, nearly 3 in. long, densely villous 
with short stellate. hairs, scarcely furrowed, and mostly 4-celled. 


126 CVIII, EUPHORBIACEJE. [Oroton. — 


oie isting under the capsule, of 5 broad imbricate MN Styles : 
poe ently mg vi none of them perfect on the specim Jj 


collector’s name and precise station not given. The : 
a nganom elucidation from more vrai specimens. The o e leaves are. 
pir a in the genus and may be accidental in the specimen, or the may Dee 
to 


xt to some other genus notwithstanding its close general wan end o0. 
ioides. 


C. tomentellus, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 141. A shrub, the smaller. 
Pct foliage and inflorescence hoary with a short close pn 
tomentum, nearly the same on both sides of the leaves. Leaves ovate, 
broadly elliptical or ee pened Paw or shortly si aso entire, 
2 to 4 in. long, on peti f $ to above 1 in. long, the glands at jus 
base of the lamina Miu Suy stipitate acemes 2 to 0 
long, UR one or more females in most the lower and middle 


rec 


(not very perfect in our Tum: seris divided into 2 bifid branches. 


p str a river, F Muelle, one | probably the same species wrd the — 
Boote in leaf T Cjcoelii ing Bay, N.W. Coa . Cunningha 

..6. C. Verreauxii, Baill. Etud. P 357. A small tree, either ; 

uite glabrous or the smaller branches and foliage sprinkled with a few 


scattered st tellate hairs or scales, Leaves from almost ovate to oblong- 
elliptical or lanceolate, obtuse or oaia entire or vi HH Mu 
or tapering at the base, green on both sides, 2 to 4 in n most 


specimens, but Are the wee ones twice that size, ithe nin 


ry prit 
ort i near wr lobular, variable in size, sprinkled with stellate hairs 
ous. Mell. A bit in a Linnea xxxiv. 117, and in DC. 

141. 


oe pes m a de Gulf of cone R. Brown; Port Essington, 
Armstrong; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. ag nd 680. In these specimens the oung 
have more stellate hairs or scales, and the flowers are rather smaller and more 
numerous than in the N. S8. Wales «ci Geena o ones. e racemes are in 
specimens shorter in others longer and looser t ; ca 
à risbane river, Moreton ber A. Women MES raser, F. Mueller, 
Stuart, 
N. S. Wales. Paterson's, Hunter, and Williams rivers, BR. Brown; Hastings 


Croton.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEXE, 197 


` Clarence, M'Leay, and Richmond rivers, Beckler, C. Moore, and others ; Tweed ri 
oore; Blue Mountains, A. Cunningham, -Woolls ; Illawarra, A, Cunn pe sr 
Macarthur, Harvey. 
e species is perhaps endemic in Australia, for the ey: ait island [rone 
Hreig to it by Mueller aie appear to me to differ more from it than the C. levifolius, 
ume, from the Atohipélags, Vhich veis Arg. retains as distinct. Possibly, how- 
Pw they may all be varieties of one spec 


C. acronychioides, F. Muell. Fragm, iv. 142. A shrub or tree, 
the young shoots and inflorescence more or less sprinkled with a seal 
tomentum, the adult foliage pea ly e, glabrous. Leaves shortl 


somewhat ciliolate. Petals narrow, ciliate. Receptacle hairy. Stamens 

5 to 8. Female Cahe ents above 1 line long and narrow. Ovar 

densely hirsute. Styles road, divided at least to the middle into 2 

mostly bifid branches. Capsule 5 lines long and about 4 lines broad, 

; hut or less scaly. Seeds with a small carunculus,—Baill. Adans. 
00. 


. Queensland. Rockhampton and ding districts, Dallachy, Bowman, Thozet. 


o 


. 8. C. triacros, v Muell. Fragm. vi 185. A tree or shrub, quite 
Liege or the young shoots and inflorescence "t sparingly scaly 
| tose. Leaves vite or elliptical, obtuse or uide eee 
: ecd or obscurely sinuate- -crenate, rather coriaceous, sm oth, penn 
. veined, with fine and distant primary veins an cure réoeatine; 
|. to 6 in. long or even more. Racemes domiti very short, but some 
fruiting ones 3 or 4 in. long, often several together at the ends of the 

ran ches, some entirely or nearly entirely male, others entirely or nearly 
1 entirely female, Pedicels under 1 line long. Calyx-segments nearly 
. lline long, imbricate in the bud. Stamens about 10. Styles rather 
. deeply divided into 2 entire branches. Capsule es with stellate 
. Scales, tridymous, obtusely 3-lobed at the top with a deep central 
E depress ssion. Carunculus of the seeds very sm 

. Queensland, Rockingham Bay, at ont 


| “Bio. arnhemicus, Muell. in Linnea xxxiv. 112, and in DG. 
| Prod. xv. iio 599. A rather enter shrub of 5 or 6ft., or a = 
3 i "and so 


1 prominently 5- or 7-nerved at the base, with pinnate ary an 
. Wansverse secondary veins, 3 to 5 in. long and. nearly A briad, or 


EJ 


128: CVIII. EUPHORBIACEÆ®. [ Croton, — 


aster on the side branches. Racemes 3 to 6 in. long, the flow em ; 


u pper ones aie or entirely males. Pedicels varying from 1 to 3 in 
hui. Pet ements broad, obtuse, rather above 1 line long, imbricate in kel 


Petals scarcely lon er, ciliate-hairy. Stamens 20 to 30 or even 
, on a hairy €—— e, the filaments glabrous. Bsyles divided to. - 
the res into 2 lon gene entire or very shortly 2-lobed brago 


g.5 
rici drami not furrowed, hirsute with stellate hairs, fully 3 li 
diam 


Australia. Islands of the Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown; Victoria ana Vite. 
maurice rivers and Sea-range, F. Mueller ; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 48, 563, 68 
Var. I prb Baill. Adans. vi. Pea Leaves more ovate and often ai Ue 
ease 5-nerv Flowers rather sm : 
; Pedir Port anis Schultz, n 
Gne eensland. Cape k, M Gillivr vray; pe Denison, Fitzalan ; Edgecombe Bay, 
Dallachy ; Gilbert edi poet : 


25. ALEURITES, Forst. 


glands. Stamens pre on a central Cea or disk without any : 
rudimentary ovary; anthers erect in the bud, the cells e and. 


esh h 
globular, with a distinct outer somewhat cartilaginous coating, the. 
inner coating bony; albumen oleaginous ; cotyledons broad, fat, v wi 
a short narrow radicle.— Trees with a stellate t ontan ; 
alternate, petiolate, large, entire or lobed. Flowers in WS a quur Í 
the wae MA few, terminating the main branches | 

A genu w species, natives of tropical Asia and the — islands. TM um 
Poet acre vus is also widely spread over die. Archipelag 


1l. A. moluccana, Willd. ; Muell. Arg. in DO. Prod. xv. ii. 728. A. 
tree attaining sometimes a considerable size ize, the young foliage densely 
full-grown. - 


nate, rarely narrow-lanceo ate, entire undulate-crenate or 3-, 5i o 
7- lobed, — nearly 1 ft. long and. broad but in herbaria sually: 
4 to 6 in., 3-, 5- or 7-nerved, the primary veins pinnate with transverse : 
«Spade veins as sis Croton rs numerous, in broad 
rminal much-branched panicles, the pedicels short. Calyx tomentose 

“aia usually in 3 segments, about 14 lines long. = Petals obovate 
openi 3 lines long. Stamens 15 to 20, on a convex hairy rec eceptacle 


Aleurites. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 129 


2 branches. Fruit fully 2 inches diameter.—Jatro ka psoe doa , Linn. ; 
Aleurites triloba, Forst., and several other synonyms, as given by Muell. 
rs 
= and. Ro Drs png: Bay, Dallachy. pecie spread over the E 
Arc cem ud the islands of the South Pacific, and sent also from various eed 
regions, where however it is generally plante 


| 


96. CLAOXYLON, A. Juss. 


opening qos e from the apex d rM. Female fl.: 
less tha bes divided than in Me males a 25 or 4 valvate lobes. Disk 


ran 
SEV RN Albumen copious. Cot lodong broad, with a narrow 
ees or shrubs, glabrous or sparingly pubescent with short 
appressed ia the foliage often taking a reddish tint when dry. Leaves 
V petiolate, usually large, entire or toothed, penniveined, 
Racemes solitary or 2 together, shorter than the leaves. Flowers 
small, the males few together in ' clusters, the female solitary. Bracts 
minute, 


E ^ Th is spread over tropical Asia and Africa. The Australian species are all 
bk endemio, but the characters are difficult to ascertain without good specimens 


Leaves long and — on petioles under ind nig mone- 


pth. on n pelicl s of a p de diri glabro 1... angustifolium. 
- Leaves various, m petioles of $ to 1 Flow: nis ' dicecious or 
nearly so oe A ke "under 2 finés. Totecstashitnal glands 
gla 
Racemes in the axils of l Ovary glabrous. Styles 
pna " t the vei iens eerte is z 7 2. C. tenerifolium. 
emes in th ils of full. le aves. ” Ovary jubescant: i 
Styles es * axils o grown cave ue 3. C. australe. 
E s a large on petioles of 1 to 2i in. Flowers dicecious, on very n 
short pedi cels. Interstaminal gland and ovary pubescent . 4. C. Hillü. 


LE LO. angustifolium, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 165, and in DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 780. A shrub of 5 or 6 ft., glabrous except a minute 
. pubescence on the inflorescence. Leaves narrow-lanceolate, acuminate, 
. irregularly toothed, tapering at the base, rather firm and smooth, 4 to 
. 8 in. long and rarely above ‘Lin. broad, on a petiole of only 1 to 3 lines, 
_ the basal glands very small, Flowers monaeiche in racemes of about 
VOL. 5x K 


130 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. | Claoaylon. : 


Ovary glabrous or minutely pubescent ; ; pai A short, ’ tooth- z 
like. Young capsule ritmi glaucous and inr g abrous, on a 
. pedicel of above fin, i 
TX al kart dag and Port Denison, Fétialan. TPY specimens in 


enerifolium, F. Muell. in Baill. Adans. vi. 323. A tree of 20 to 


ibabrodé Styles short; united at the base in a deciduous cone, sp 
ing in the upper half. Capsule tridymous, nearly 8 lines diszetetild - 
Mercurialis tonerifolia, Baill. Adans. vi. 323. 
oie Rockhampton, prose pomi m Broad Sound and Cleveland | 


rm wh rown, on both sides or rarel reddish- : 

purple nadon Ae asal g Nads very variable. Flowers diœcious, — 

the male racemes 2 to 3 in. lon ng, the females much shorter, the pedicels 
ame 


curialis australis, Baill. Adans. v 
Queensland. Parti river, Moreton n Bay, A. Cunn TM Fraser, F. Mueller; 
Port ore, A. Cunningham ; Wide Bay, Leichhardt ? tesan ens very bad). 
. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Woolls, Miss Atkinson ; 


Claoxylon. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 131 


LB ydney woods, Macarthur, Paris Exhibition, 1855, n. 22; Hastings and SP 

. rivers, Beckler and others ; 'New England, Ci Stuart; "eI to Illawarra, A. Cun 
ningham, Harvey, Ralston 

Var. “iy Leaves xs and broad.— Rockhampton, O' Shanesy, males only. 


= Var. laxiflora. Leav s long and narrow. Racemes longer and looser with longer 
joliseis oath ubl ed quid river, C. Moo 


“Var. dentata. Leaves coarsely and do toothed.—Macleay river, Beckler. 


C. Hillii, Benth. A tree of 20 to 30 ft., the young pers and 
| irecene pubescent, the adult foliage glabrous, and often assuming 
t pu ws Die e. Leaves ovate, shortly acuminate, entes i3 Fa 8 in. 


broad on petioles of 1 to 2 in. n Hill's and 
M'Gillivray's. 8 ion en little more than half that size in Dallachy’s, 
and still very you ng aemel's specimens. Flowers dicecious. 

Racemes in the upper al of the previous year’s wood or at the base 


. Valvate segments. Stamens 219 to 20, the Aou glands ciliate- 
hairy. Female racemes ee 2 in. lon the flowers not numerous, 
Solitary within the bracts, on pedicels of about 1 ee Perianth of 
short broad segments. Disk ft 3 broad distinct segments (or petals ?) 


eter. Seeds glo obular, Ai oe a about 1 line diameter, 
les. 


. Queensland. Cape York, M'Gillivray, Daemel; Albany island, W. Hill (all 
. males); Rockingham Pay, D Dallachy ( (females).—I am not certain of having correctly 
. referred Dallachy's female specimens to the same species as "Hi D York males, or 
3 nte on may not belong to some variety of C. tenerifolium or C. australe, with 
| More p ent flowers and inflorescence. In the male flowers € (lio Vila appear to be 
3 always g ghistoei in C. tenerifolium, ciliate-hirsute in C. Hillii. 


27. ACALYPHA, Linn. 


_ _ Flowers moncecious or rarely dicecious. Male fl.: clustered in axil- 
. lary spikes, with a small bract under each cluster. Perianth of 4 valvate 
. Segments. No petals or glands. Stamens 8 or rarely 8 to 16, inserted 
9n a raised central receptacle, without any rudimentary ovary ; filaments 
free; anther-cells distinct, en wavy or tortuous, attached by one 
end. Female fl.: 1 to 4 together within a a leafy bract, the bracts 
. Solitary or spieate. Perianth of = rarely 4 imbricate segments. 
“trey with 1 ovule in each cell. cic fe distinct, finely branched.— 
Shrubs or trees or in species e Australian herbs. Leaves alternate, 
usually dentate. Flowers very small, the males and females in separa rate 


near the base of the male spikes 


A large genus dispersed over the tropical and subtropical regions at eth the New 
and the Old World. The three Australian species appear to be endemi 


132 CMS CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Acalypha. } 


Villous shrub. Lenves 1 to 3 in. long, ovate or broadly lanceolate. 
Youle aod pis 1 or more at the base of the male spikes 


or in separate ax 1. A, nemorum. 
be or pe osea slender shrubs or trees. Leaves small, 
ong. 

Female flowering bracts sessile at the base of the males or in sepa- 

“rate ae or if —— with abnormal deeply divided muri- 

cate A. ale clusters approximate . A, eremorum. 
Female Mooii bracts on filiform pe eduncles with normal cap- ; 

sul Male clusters distant in filiform spikes . 8. A. capillipes. 
1. A. nemorum, F. Muell.; Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 38, and in 


DC. Prod. xv. ii. 858. vits shrub of from 3 or 4 ft. to twice that he ight, 
2 ec shoots more or less softl ee the adult foliage sparingy 
Mies Ve omer tan or oblo ol tise or scarcely a inate, — 


ge : 

in. to 1 in. long, those of the ateral gon smaller, on short - 

tioles. Male des pug pedunculate, 1 to 2 in. long, the flowers — 
in clusters of 10 to 15 or more, on saper d short pedicels, with a 


pied axils, and bataati es several crowded in a short spike, each 
within an bibita crenate bract, atthtnih E 4 in. diameter. — 
Perianth-segments 3 or 4, very ‘small. ary UM Styles long 
TU. with capillar fodit A, poeni Muell. Arg. in Linnea - 
v. 95, and in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 861. ; 
Queensland. Brisbane river, p Dm. ia^ A, Cunningham, Leichhardt, F: 
y rief C. Stuart; Burnett river, F. Mueller; Wide Bay, B Bidwill : 
Wales. Hastings and Clarence ri vem. Beckler and A Richmond river, 
C. n New England, Techo rdt, C. Stu r 
e species is exceedingly variable in the a mentum, sometimes very den: se and — 
soft, re eao any, in the breadth of the leaves and length of the petii in 
the female bracts few or many, crowded and clustered, or Uum arig a short interrupted : 


2. A. eremorum, Muell. Arg. in Flora 1864, 440, and in DC. P. 
xv. ii, 863. A rigid shrub, with virgate or divaricate rather $ 


Acalypha.) CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 133 
tA small and the capsule deeply divided into 3 muricate obovoid 
Noni | 


Queensland. Brisbane river, Fraser; scrub on the Burdekin, P. Mueller ; Rock- 
Oh bres Dallachy. 


3. A. capillipes, F. Muell.; Muell. Arg. in Lin v. 40, and in 
DC. Es vd. xv. ii. 823. A tall shrub or small tree, oak divi dts erbes 
branches, the smaller ones often acicular and spinescent, resembling the 
spinescent specimens of A. eremorum, with which Baillon unites it as a 

riet 


t is more glabrous, the leaves rather broader and thinner, the 
vv ikes filiform, with still s maller flowers in distant clusters, the 
ER apparently all solitary on filiform Sedait of 3 to 1 in., wit 


a normal orbicular bract of nearly 2 lines diameter, the capsule Rer 
and tridymous but Kog cocci not deeply separate as in the pedunculate 
fruits of A. eremorum, the Nd vid much more numerous capillary 
branches than in that! spec 


N.S. Wales. Clarence river, Bui. 


98. ADRIANA, Gaudich. 
(Trachycaryon, AZ.) 


Flowers diccious, in terminal spikes. Male fl.: Perianth globular 
and closed in the bud, opening in 4 or 5 valvate segments. No petals 


central receptacle, without any rudimentary _ovary ;, A/aments., very 
short ; anthers M éreet the cells adnate, IE , opening Hr 
ill 


Testé crustaceous. bumen copious. Cotyledons flat, much broader 
than the radicle.— Erect shrubs, glabrous or stellate-tomentose. Leaves 
alternate or opposite, 3- or 5-nerved, coarsely toothed and often 3-lobed. 
ale spikes usually rather long and interru ted, the flowers sessile in 
clusters of 3 to 6 in the axil of an ovate or anceolate bract. Female 
spikes usually very short and dense, sessile or very shortly pedunculate 
within the last leaves. 
The g very closel allied to each 
other, and d night easily te Erev w E acin. 5 F.M Mueller beg end 
: pe these might be united in a single one, for which he proposes Pie name o 


Leaves 2l or nearly all sensi on rather long petioles. (Each 
es glabrous or tomen 
Leavi ve or their middle lobe epe Ur" often E 
acuminate. les free, emt longer than the rat e. es 
Eastern or tr "d species 3 1. A. acerifolia. 


$ 


134 CVIII: EUPHORBIACEZ. [ Adriana, — 
Leaves deeply 3-lobed, Be middie lobe oblong or ovate-oblong, | 
+ obtuse, not acuminate. es free any exceeding the cap- Mie. 
sule. North-western Ra Western speci 2. A. tomentosa. 
Leaves oblong or lanceolate, obtuse, rarely lobed. ‘Styles . : 
. Shortly united at - base. Deserts specie e 8. A. Hookeri. 
4. A.qua 
b. A. pori 


A. acerifolia, Hook. in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 971. A rather coarse 
iani ^ed 9 or 4 ft. , usually hoary or white rudi a „stellate tom a 


obtuse. Seeds smooth.—Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 890; Baill 4 
Adans. vi. 312; 4. Srey ne Hook. in Mitch. Trop. Austr. 1i 1 
Trachycaryon myosin ; Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 19, and 4 
in Hook. Kew Journ. viii. 209 
N. Australia. RAE and Fia rivers, F. Mueller 3 
d. Maranoa and Balonne rivers, Mitchell ; Rockhampton, Dalach, 1 
mre North Kennedy district, Daintree ; ur eton Bay, C. Stuart. 3 
: Hunter, Paterson, and Williams rivers, R. Brown ; Port J 
he "ie Atki an rive 
Darling river to Cooper's Creek, Nielson ; New England, C. Stuart ; Mount a 
Peel and Namoi rivers, C. Moore; Hunter river, Backhouse; Hastings river, Bechler. 3 
Victoria. Snowy and Buchan rivers, F. Mueller. : 
Var. glabrata. piger po a so in all its parts.—A. glabrata, Gaudich. in 1 
Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 1, 3, and d Freyc. Voy. Bot. 487.—A few specimens froni 3 
Quénisisili N.S. Wales, - Victori q 


923, and in Freye 1 


. A. tomentosa, Gaud. in Ann. Sc. Ni 
Vis oF Bot. 487, t. 116. A shrub of 2 to 4 ft Su AE allied to 4. aote. 
rifolia, - uiid with it by F. Mueller. It is also similarly y 


the whole leaf Baias above 2 in. pens tefie as in A. aceri oli 
iater longer and the styles shorter and thicker. Capsules larger D 3 
seeds as far as known, with a pitted testa.—Muell. Arg. in DC. Pr 


E CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 185 


ii. 891; acerifolia z puberula, Muell. Arg. l.c.; A. Gaudichaudi, 
Baill. "Mans v vi. i 312 amm y) 

tralia. N. t: Carew ri river, A. Cunningham ; Depro ge Bynoe; 

Nichol B Bay and De aa river, on Ridley s Expedition ; Point Larrey, 
W. Australia. Sharks Bay, e Denham ; Port Gregory rg Murchison 
river, yon 
. A. Hookeri, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 891. A glabrous 
or minutely tomentose shrub, more slender than A. acerifolia. Leaves 


alternate or here and there opposite, petiolate, oblong or oblong-lanceo- 
late, obtuse, Hen toothed and 1 to 13 in. long, or a few of the larger 
ones 3-lobed with the central lobe like the AiO Pda and j^ 


lateral ones short and broad. Flowers fewe cerifolia, 
shorter spikes, the females often solitary, the anh al heirs 
smaller than in that species. Styles shortly united at the base, more 
slender than in A. tomentosa, not so long as in A. acerifolia. —Trachyca ryon 
Hookeri, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vict. i. 16, and in Hook. Kew 
Journ. viii. 210. 

Victoria. Murray river, F. Mueller; North-west districts, L. Morton ; Wimmera, 
Dallachy. 


4. A. quadri partita, Gaudich. in Freye. Voy. Bo d hs A shrub of 
2 to 6 ft., quite glabrous in all the specimens seen. es all A 
sessile or very shortly Lie peate ovi mecaht or o T 
acute or obtuse, coarsely toothed, ved at the 
2 in., rarely 3 in. long.” 8 kia short Laid few flowered as 
and the styles Miles united at the base. Capsule ot! ais 
. Stellate-hairy or peers muricate. Seeds smooth. DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 892; Croton quadripartitus, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. "23, t 
223; Trachycaryon Bild tM in PI. vem i. 175; Adriana 
Billardieri, Baill, Etud. Euph. Atl. 6, t. 2, f. 19 to 20. 

Victoria, Port Phillip, R. Brown, Gunn, e; 7 cus Otway, Herb. Hook. 

oe 


a ière. 
i alia. Point Henry near the sea, wp towards Cape Riche, Drum- 
Dg "m coll n. 224 and 225, and in Herb. F'. Muell. 239; Esperance Bay, Maxwell; 
.. Swan river, Preiss, n. 1206, Oldyield ; Port Geen: Oldfie eld. 


= 9. A. Klotzschii, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 899. Magen of 
3 to 4 ft., with the opposite almost sessile leaves of A. quadripartita, of 
Which it may be a variety distinguished by the leaves, white-tomentose 
. underneath, the female perianth-segments epe ete more obtuse, and 
the styles longer and free from the base as in erifolia.— Trachycaryon 
- Klotzschii, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil. Soc. Vie. d "ib, and in Hook. Kew 
. Journ. viii. 309. 
i F. Mueller 
The pers e. M. ONA aai Port Lincoln, R. Brown; Rivoli Bay, Robert- 
Son; Encóunter Bay, Whittaker; near Adelaide, F. Mueller, Blandowski; Port Lin- 
coln, Wilhelmi; Venus Bay and Kangaroo island, Waterh ouse. 


136 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZE., [ Alchornea. 


29. ALCHORNEA, Swartz. 
(Cladodes, Lour.; Celebogyne, J. Sm.) 


Flowers one » rarely moncecious, in terminal or axilla 
racemes or spikes. Male fl.: Perianth globular and closed in the bud, 
opening in 4, rarely 3 or 2, valvate segments. No petals or glands. - 
Stamens 8 or more, rare "ir 4, in the bodie of the flower, without any 


No disk (except in one ë Mile P apatie). var 

with 1 ovule in each cell. Er diis or 2-branched, free or shortly 

connate at the base. Capsule separating into 2-valved cocci. See 

without any carunculus. Testa crustaceous. Albumen copious. Coty- 

` ledons flat, much broader than the radicle.—Trees or shrubs. Leaves | 

a cdg sonra Long y toothed or in Me species almost lobed, - 
bia nds on the under side at the base of the lamina. 


The gen ese ver d tropical regions of both the New and 2s ee orld. 
Veg number of its species have been proposed by various botanists às “distinct n 
ge a enumerated by er Arg. as irio nyms. Amongst necs in uniting them, : 

e has selected Swartz's name as the oldest. Baillon has for reason n 
ve, substituted Loureiro's name Cladodes, which, however, is two: yeshi more recent. - 
o Australian species are endemic 
Leaves coriaceous, with broad ME iae -pointed lobes. Styles 

short, broad, spreading flat on the top of the ovary . 1, A. ilicifolia. 

Leaves "thin, with dite or shortly eun Meth. Styles erect, 
narrow, connate at the base . A. TThozetiana. 

l. A. ilicifolia, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 170, and in DC. Prod. 

xv. ii. 906. A glabrous straggling everg shr ub, attaining 12 to - 


15 ft. Leaves ovate or rhom vidal broadly diüsbidporied or shortly - 
lobed, the teeth or lobes terminating in prickly points, coriaceous, pen- 
nive ined and reticulate, resembling those of a holly, 14 to 3 in. long; 


ale peria x . 
ing the perianth. Female flowers on thick pedicels of A to 1 line, the 
ianth-segments rather peri than in thA male 8. ary 3-celled, : 


Cladodes ilieifolia, Baill, Adans. 
Queensland. Brisbane river, ainean ae P iaaiiai, F, Mueller ; Rock- 
hampton, Dallachy, O’ Shanesy, Bowma p 


AU NO NETT NET E E MEER NIE MS S ESTER AIRE Ng PEREAT EM 
< 


Alchornea.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEX. 137 


. S. Wal Cabramatta, Woolls; northward to Clarence, Hastings, and Mac- 
23 rivers, gripes Aig M to Illawarra, Harvey; Sydney woods, Paris Exhibi- 
won, 1854, T, 

The s shrub, uiii b id parthenogenetic properties, havin reproduced itself from 
seed in Europe ean gardens through several generatio P from fem AS ants alone without 


the intervention of any tale owers, has been the subject of Paves B ors y 
Caspary, Karsten, A. Braun, wee A others in ish sn ded very 
little to the facts detailed by J. § u oi y e 


n th oir. 
rlin M observed that the seeds ie cccasionll two por ian n nited a 
jn BÀ a whieh hl 


4 A. Thoz een Baill. in Herb. F. Muell. A glabrous shrub of 
2t Lea in the typical form, ovate obovate or rhomboid; 
sharply toothed, "but the teeth more numerou s less deep and not so 


basal glands often obscure and sometimes deficient. Stipules, also in 
the typical form, very small and subulate as in A. i 
ers u male racemes terminal, 9 to 4in. long, the 


Howers distant. Perianth une ually 4- or [OX the lobes acute, 
'$ to 


line long. Ovary usually 3-celled. Styles short, erect, narrow 
ut flat, shortly united at the base. Capsule ir ous about 4 lines 
diameter.— Cladodes Thozetiana, Baill. Adans. vi. 321. 
Queensland. Rockhampton, Thozet. 
Var. longifolia. Leaves 3 to 4 in. long, acuminate, the teeth obtuse or with very 
small points. Stipules setiform, the upper ones sometimes 2 line a Female 
racemes and fruits as in the typical form.—Rockingham Bay, Dolo 


30. TRAGIA, Linn. 


Flowers moncecious, in terminal or lateral racemes. Male fl.: Perianth 
globular i in the bud, of o = or 3 valvate segments. Disk none or with 
a slightly prominent margin. Petals none. Stamens numerous or few, 
the filaments free or erint sometimes very short. Anthers dorsally 
attached, the cells parallel, opening ap amit in 9 valves. Rudi- 
mentary. ovary none or small and obscure. e fl. : Perianth of 6 
or fewer, rarely 7 or 8, imbricate segments, iie: or pinnately divided. 
Ovary 3-celled or rarely 4- or 5-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. Styles 
rect Capsule 


n 
separating into 2-valved cocci. Seeds globose, without any carunculus. 
don 


Testa crustaceous. Albumen copious. Cotyledons flat, much broader 
radic i 


liio 
nate, petiolate, toothed, often cordate, 3- or b-nerved. Flower small, 


9 


part of the raceme, all usually solitary in the axil of a sma 


The genus is spread over the tropi ical and subtropical regan 2 z both the m and 
the Oid World. ‘The T Australian species appears to be en 


138 CVIII. EUPHORBIACE E. [ Tragia. 


l. T. Novz-hollandis, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 180, and in 
DC. Prod. xv. ii. 999. A twining herb, attaining several feet, more or 
di 


gemcebuncuis usually 6, more acutely acuminate than the males, 
ut imbricate in the bud, at least 1 line long. Styles 3, erect, and 
connate to above the middle, recurved at the end and entire. Capsule 


Queensland. Broad Sound, R. Brown, Bowman; Brisbane river, Moreton Pay, 
A. Cunnin ham, Leichhardt, F. Mueller; Logan river, Fraser; Rockhampton, 

chy, O' Shanesy, Bowman, Thozet ; Rockingham Bay, Dallachy. 

Like most species of the genus, this plant is noted by O'Shanesy as “ stinging like 
the common Nettle.” On Dallachy’s labels, however, I find the memorandum “ does 
not sting like a Nettle.’ Whether there be a mild variety, or whether it loses its 
stinging properti ccasions, or whether there has been some error on the 


es on some o 
part of Dallachy remains to be ascertained 


31. MALLOTUS, Lour. 
(Rottlera, Roxb. ; Echinus, Lour.) 


FI 
lary racemes or spikes. Male fl.: Perianth globular and closed in the 


o 
Female fl. : Perianth more or less deeply 3- to 5-lobed. or minutely 
toothed and at length spathaceous. Ovary 2- or 3-celled with 1 ovule 
in each cell. Styles free or very shortly united at the base, spreading, 
undivided, the upper or inner stigmatic surface fringed with raised 
papille or processes. Capsule separating into 2-valved cocci. Seeds 


. 


usually solitary within each bract and more pedicellate, 


[ORE a 


Mallotus. | CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 139 
The genus is generally feed over tropine Asia and Africa. Of the nine Australian 
Species four are als so more rless genera 
i the spec 
aE AAN nd for ie sea-urchin, Baillon pime the other name, but rias pot e for 
wha 


eoe (m (mal) fai arr gett ih A ar MRTE Capsules 


Leaves Soi Node Erpen terminal. Capsule 


processes long and soft. 
Tomentum of the plant soft and loose. Capsules very 
densely echinate with long crowded rt esses . 1. M.ricinoides. — - 


Tomentum close and white. Capsules echinate with fewer 
day p rol yr 8808. 
Racemes axillary. Capsule processes setiform 3. M. zar inso 
Author dalla’ centrally attached to a small connective. Caps 
omentose, without processes 
inal. 


Fio dome 
AA a or ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 6 in. long. Capsules 
RM) -celled. 
Leaves mostly alternate, fincas tomentose underneath. 
Capsules with a red to “i M. philippinensis. 
jones slieranie green ^s glabrouson on both sides, v without 
mall glands. nai tomentose . 5. M. angustifolius. 


6. M. polyadenus, 


Loaves s broadly ovate. rhomboidal. "Capsules. mostly 2-celled, 
he to: 7. M. repandus. 
Racemes or interrupted spikes simple, axillary at the base of 
e youn 
ge umi; rioa the transverse veinlets rene 
underneath 
Lead ovate and acute or ‘ovatelanceolate, ` white ander : 
eath, the veins fine . . . 9. M. discolor. 


ea 


M. nesophilus. 


i, = ricinoides, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 187, and in’ DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 963. A tall ane or spreading tree, more or less clothed 
with a Salute often floccose tomentum, s wearing off from the 


leave 
as on the branches and inflorescence. Leaves xà! ovate or orbicular, 
acuminate, entire or slightly sinuate, either peltately attached near the 
base, or the petiole quite basal, 3 - 5- or 7- nerved, with 2 glands near - 
| : m 


ovary. Styles 3, tomentose outside, densely fringed ai labrous on 
the inner or upper surface. Capsules very densely covered with long 


140 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. [ Mallotus. 


jin. or more in diameter.—Croton ricinoides, Pers. y . ii. 586; 
C. mollissimus, eise : Crot. Monogr. 73; Echinus mollissimus, Baill. 


Adans. vi. 316; Mallotus pycnostachys, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 138, and 
M. Waa Aie of " Muell. Le. 189, and numerous other synonyms quoted 
by cieli 

Queen kingham Bay, Dallachy; Mount Elliott, s aus —Extends 
also over the E asters Per. ce to the Philippines and South Chin 

Persoon's and Geiseler's specific names both bear the same date, 1807. Mueller Arg. 
of Pera as former under ihe vimpain, that it was a year older , but 1806 is the date 


2. M. paniculatus, Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 189, and in DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 965. A tall dard au. r small tree, the Wires 
inflorescence and underside of the leaves white iie ferruginous with a 
short close stellate sometimes almost scal Leaves on long 


pe boi 
or obscurely si sinuate or rarely lobed, not peltate, 


dicecious, in terminal broadly pyramidal oue s of Gin. to 1ft., the 
males clustered along the branches, the HR soley, within each 
bract, all on very short e Male Mire nth-segments about 1 line 
long. nthers small, wit road connective as i ricinoides. 
emale perianth rather ‘oho than the male, usually 5-lobed with 
acute or acuminate lobes. Styles much shorter than in M. ricinoides. 
Capsule 3-celled, 3 to 4 lines diameter - sgg and muricate with 
soft closely-tomentose processes, which are few and distant from eac 
other, not densely covering the whole Mipaite as in M. ricinoides.— 
roton paniculatus, Lam. Dict. ii. 207; Mallotus chinensis, Lour., and 
other synonyms quoted by Muell. Arg. le. 
ki aghem Bay, CSPMES —Extends over the Eastern Archipelago 
to the Philippines and S. Chi 
. M. clao: qucm e Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 192, and in DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. 972. tall strageling etes or small tree, or sometimes 
a handsome tree (Dattachy), ^ e branches and foliage deabtbet with 
satisorbd stellate hairs. aves opposite, but those of each pair often 
bi s petiolate, -€— ovate or elliptical and acuminate, but 
a m ong to almost orbicular, 2 to 6in. long, 
kms or acute, penniveined and often more or less distinctly 3-nerved 
at the base, green on both sides, with 2 or more glands near the 
base sometimes almost obsolete. Stipules rigidly setiform, short. 
Flowers dicecious, the males sessile or ern pedunculate in 2 or 3 
dense clusters collected in a head or in @ short dense or — in- 
terrupted axillary b mes 2 females 3 bee 6 together in an umbel-like 
cluster on a common peduncle of 4 to 1 in., the pedicels at first short and 
eis but attaining under he fruit the length of the peduncle. E 
rianth-segments about 1 line long. Stamens numerous, the anthers 


Mallotus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEX. 141 


small with a broad connective as in M. ricinoides. Female periensonsnge 
ments lanceolate, attaining 2 lines under the fruit. Styles rather 
short, densely fringed on the inner hor. Capsule 3-dymous, Rec jin. 
iameter, muricate with rather rigid setiform processes.—Zchinocroton 
claoæyloides, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 32; ZEchinus claoxyloides, Baill. Adans. 
i. 915; oases affinis, Baill. Etud. ci 424, 
Quee Brisbane teh Moreto weed Fraser, W. Hill and F. Mueller, C. 
rcge Tockhampton, Dallachy ; Wide Bay, B idl, ‘Lizard isan A Cunningham 
. S. s. Archers Dr Leichhardt ; b. F. Mueller. 
if T. ficifo eins Baill. Leaves broader, often es and 3- or Tauro entire or 
este toothed. Male flowers lar rge.—Rockhampton, Dallachy, Bowman. 
acrophylla. orsi itt ovate, acuminate, 4 to 8 in. long, usually 3-nerved 
at de base. Stipules longer.— m Bay, Dallachy. 


o DRP Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 196, and i 

DC. Prod. xv. ii. 80. A tree often acquiring a capa A size, the 
branches and inflorescence more or less ferruginous-tomen Leaves 
on long petioles pews vate taiibentets or almost ovate peter: or 
obtuse, entire, contracted or rounded and 3- hervel at the base, 9 to 

in. lon ng, more coriaceous than in the preceding species, the upperside 
glabrous, with obscure glands near the Das. the under surface pale or 
ferruginous Das a minute tomentum, i principal veins ferruginous 


tomentose. Flowers dicecious, the racemes terminal or in the upper 
axils, the males more branched than the females, all much shorter than 
e leaves Male perianth-segments membranous, about l 


Filaments short, anthers rather large, the cells attached in the centre 
a short connective often tipped with a red gland. Female perianth 


yles 

oblong, densely fringed on the inner face. Capsule tridymous, 3 to 
4 lines. diameter, covered with a red stellate tomentum without any 
processes. Seeds nearly globular.— Croton philippinensis, Lam.. ict. i1. 
206 ; Echinus Pon an Baill. Adans. vi. 314; Rottlera tinctoria, Rox 
Pl. Corom. ii. 36, t. 168, and other synonyms quoted by Muell. Arg. Le. 

Queen Bris river, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham, F. Mueller ; zm 
Bay, Bide mille Pine river, gode Bbckhüniptus, Thozet; Rockingham and Edge 

ag Bays, Dallach 

S. Wales. Hastings and Clarence rivers, Fete C. Moore, and others; 

oihan woods, N. S. Wales, London Exhibitio n, 186 02, n. 

The species is = wr over tropical Asia, cade eae to South China. 


pe 

varying in the d" ohabter from under pib above lin. lon 
blong“elliptioal o or ipee lanceolate, acuminate, slightly and dde d 
dentate, 4 to Sin. long, and rare in. bro , rather ri nni- 


2g 


142 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Mallotus. 


Male perianth Pani into 4 lobes. Stamens numerous ; anther-cells 
a aie dorsally by a connective shorter than themselves. F 
nth of 5 im eae. acute segments. Ovary villous, 3-celled. Styles 
tmited at the base, spreading a ‘and bifid, but not lon ae Capsule tri- 
ymous, tomentose, not muricate, above '4 lines diamete 


Queensland. Bikiiglid Bay, Dallachy. 


infloresc Leaves either opposite and unequal i ay air 
nS shortly petiolate, oblong elliptical or ovate- Mie 
obtuse or acuminate, coriaceous and sometimes shining above, covered 


3 to Gin. long, penniveined, and sometimes 3- or 5-nerved at the base, 
the 2 to 4 glands of the upper surface very uncertain or obsolete. 
Flowers sometimes moncecious, but the two sexes in gritos spikes or 
emes, and usually on different A Hn ns, the racemes 1 to 4i 
long in the forks or upper axils, or forming a lonkin panicle. Male 
flowers clustered, the pa ‘arly 1 line long. Filaments short. 


Anther-cells attached to a small connective. Female flowers solitary 


within the bracts, on pid idole at first pm but lengthening to 2 or 
3 lines. Periant h divided nearly to the base into very small segments 
not enlarged basin ki fruit. Styles recurved and closely appressed to 
the ovary, the inner or u ord surface very shortly fringed-papillose. 
Capsule arii, "aliut 4 lines diame ki glabrous except a few of 
the scale-like glands of the rest of the plan 

Queensland. Cape York, W. Hill; boim Bay, Dallachy. 


7. M. repandus, Muell. Arg. in Linnea xxxiv. 197, and in DC. 
Prod. xv. ii. O81. A large tree, the young bra ai inflorescence and 
seat of the leaves softly stellate-tomentose, with longer hairs 
often rmixed. Leaves on rather long petioles, broadly ovate 
rhomboi vidal or almost orbieular, acuminate, entire or obscurely sinuate- 
toothed, 2 to 4 in. bd slightly peltate, $- or rarely 5-nerved at the 
insertion of the petiole, the flat glands of the upper surface obscure OF 
Mercer the minute v glands of the underside almost concealed by the 

mentum, darker and more glabrous above. Flowers dicecious, i 
es o ^ 


Boklesijten and poen m Day, altes hy.—The species is also 


i sns y 
widely spread in tropi ical Asia. e Aust re all males; they 


better with the tomentose ones from the [mn tnd To Peninsula, than with the more - 


glabrous ones from Timor and Nev Caledonia 


- 


Mallotus.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. 143 


8. M. nesophilus, F. Muell. ; Muell. Arg. in t binge xxxiv. 196, a 
in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 981. A tall shrub, the branches inflorescence wv 
Um d of the leaves whitish or d SERM V with a close 
al 


petioles, 3-nerved or obscurely 5-nerved at the base, the oper surface 
very sparingly tomentose or at length glabrous, with 2 at glands, the 
under surface minutely landular, the primary veins and transverse 
reticulations prominent. Flowers dicecious, in single racemes in the lower 
of young shoots, the males 2 to 3 in. long, Tia clustered flowers 

e 


N. Australia. Islands of the North coast, Hines. yf its Port Darwin, Schultz, 
n. 881; Port "ELA ANEN S : ee a Bay, liver. 
Queenslan Albany island, ape X ar Daemel (with longer male 


' pedicels); Caps! Flinde ers, A, Cunni 


9. M. discolor, F. Muell. A tall tree, the branches inflorescence and 
tinderside of the leaves white with a short close tomentum, with more o: 
less of longer hairs on the principal in underneath. read on rather 


and fruits unknown.—Rottlera discolor, F. Muell. in Coll. Ngee 
Woods N.S. Wales Lond. Exhib. n . 82; Macaranga mallotoides 
F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 140. 

gr A d O'Shanesy; Moreton Bay, iud woods, 


. . Queensland 
1 reme Behn, 1862, n 
n. r^ 


Cla: arence or Mountain brush forests, London Exhibition, 1862, 


This plant is reduced by F. Mueller, Fragm. vi. 185, to a variety of M. repandus 
from which, however, as "dip the specimens go, it appea: s. be. Sedet dir distinct. 
t ppa, however, remain doubtful until the A a are 


re known. 8. vi. 3 > 
y Teles , but he had probably mes seen the "Exhibition speci- 
mens, which | had no flowers. 


144 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEJE. [ Macaranga. 


382. MACARANGA, Thou. 
(Mappa, A. pes 


ikes racemes or d pales Male fl.: Perianth globular and closed in 
t in 3 or 4 ee Apis dn o petals or glands 
Stamens inlefnite, usuall numerous, on a central iti without 


into a spath r 3-celled, wit vule in each cell. 
Styles free or MURUS uated at i the base, undivided, eS papillose 
or fringed with processes on the inner surface ' separating into 


uc i 

ee ves alternate, Me yani broad and often large, entire 
toothed or poem often peltate or 3- ore nerved at the insertion of 

e petiole but sometimes peniiveiied ithal lateral nerves. Male | 
flowers clustered along the rhachis or branches of the inflorescence, : 
sessile or very shortly pedicellate, with an entire toothed or 
bract under each cluster. Female flowers in fewer clusters and few in. 
the oleate" or west the bract usually Digor than in the male, and - 
often fringed or ciliate i 


S e Eas : 
part of East India d 8. China, the other T enne is lel = ) 
Mallotus, ripe most species mri in habit, uae some have a different fe wo 
perianth, or 'fewe r stamens, or the ovary reduced to is single sal and ovule, ‘but the only . 
constant be | is that of the det 
Leaves oblong elliptical or lanceolate, teo veter i scarcely 
jare at ehe s. racts very small and e 
orescences including the peduncle Agora 1 "E Oy. not ; 
a 2- ew Am nem 1. M. Dallachy. 


he d ith n a 
Female perianth bbs lanceolate, free . . 2. M. subdentata. ; 
t : 


inute scales. Female dier usually spathaceous 3. M. inamena. 
Tieni mure terea alminerve rel as long as or longer 
wee the rest : and toothe hed or frin 
eaves slig cd peltate. Stir ules belts: Ovary 1- or 2- : 
— oo r . 4, M. involucrat | 
tat l -i 
Lt eep y pe e. _ Stipules es broad. _ Ovary usually 5 5. M. Tamariut- 


1. M. Dallachyi, F. Muell. A shrub variously described as T 
and straggling or tall, glabrous except a small scaly tomentum ere 
inflorescence and young branches. aves elliptical or oblong, 8€" 

minate, penniveined, usually with a few depressed glands on the m 


E js 


Macaranga.| CVIII. EUPHORBIACER. 145 


rare y in 2 lobes. poe. 2-celled, ed i A without processes. 
Styles linear, thickened at the base, not (roges, rather Sel a hon 
1 line long.—Mallotus Bellach, F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 184; 

14, 


: . Queensland. Roc lii bay, Dallachy.—The pala examined by Baillon 
had fione flowers o itn but with them were loose male flowers and remains at ues 

which belong probably i Mallotus polyadenus, thence Baillon’ s mistake in 

M. Dallachyi to Mallo 


_ 9. M. subdentata, Benth. A shrub or small tree, ee rie i 
. a minute scaly tomentum on the inflorescence and y oung shoo 


sinuate-toothed or y almost entire, penniveined, green on bot 
but paler underneath from the minute scales they are more or 
less covered with, 3 to 9 in. long, o tioles varying from 1 


shorter than the leaves, bearing 2 to 5 flowers, of which 1 or 2 sessile 


BOO 
. lanceolate segments scarcely 1 line long and quite distinct from the 
_ base. Ovary and capsule usually 2-celled, scaly-tomentose and shortly 
Pos Styles filiform, scarcely thickened at the base, often above 
$ mm ng. 

ensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—Ve ar M. inamena, with which 
EI Di probly c eti es it in the specimens of F. ellas vollecton first examined. 
d aving returned them I received the specimens now described, which appear to 
s dw. be too ip rh in the female perianth as well as in the ing to bo? he ft as a mere 

The two forms, however, require further comparison in both se 


3. M. inamoena, F. Muell, A tall shrub or small tree, the branches 
: foliage and inflorescence scabrous-pubescent, the short hairs nomoi} or 
irregularly stellate. Leaves oblong or narrow-elliptical, acumina: 
entire, penniveined, green on both sides, the small glands underneath 


few an scattered, 3 to 5 in. po on a petiole of 4 to 1 in m e spikes 
in the upper axils. or r at the ends of the } ches, 2 to 
4 in. long, the flowers clustered whi small broad densely. tomentose 
bracts, the clusters at 1 engh distant along the rhachis th- 
Segmen ut ł line lon tamens 2 peduncles 
axillary or lateral, elongated, be ie aring Poem mes 3 pedicellate flowers 
at the end with another occasionally lower down, sometimes dichoto- 
mous with 1 to 3 fl the of in. br Pedicels at first 
very short, b lengthening to from 3 to 1 in Perianth of 4 or 5 narrow 


Tin ear segments 1 to 2 lines long, united in La spath aceous calyx splitting 
: “pt on e ps (or rarely in the uppermost flower separate ^ Ovary. 
OL 


146 CVIII. EUPHORBIACEZ. [ Macaranga, 


and capsule ena 2-celled Med 3-celled, echinate. Styles long and l 
slender, thickened at the bas attaining sometimes 5 lines.— Mallotus 
ina “a Herb. 


Queensland. Hockingham Bay, Dallachy. 


4. M. involucrata, Baill. Etud. Euph. 482. A tree attaining some- — 
times 50 to 60 ft., but often small and straggling, the branches in 
florescence and underside of the leaves softly p ahesient, Tentes broadly : 

ovate-rhomboidal, acuminate, entire or slightly sinuate and denticulate, — 
usually — peltate, 3- 5- or 7-nerved, with 2 to 4 flat glands on 

upper to ong an sometimes as broad, on a petiole of 2 to 

in. Stiga ules Pa o Male spikes in axillary panicles not much 
branched and shorter than the leaves, the flowers almost sessile, in 
dense clusters within an oblong or ovate toothed bract of about 2 lines. | 
Perianth-segments about 2 line lon ,villous outside. Stamens 10 to 15. - 
Female as NER e simple or nearly so, the eduncle ssilliay or lateral, | 
shorter e leaves, with a single pata qot several distant clusters. — 
Bracts en epi ovate or cordate, acute, toothed, often 4 in long. Perianth — 
sessile, short, broadly and obliquely cup-sha ped. Ovary 1- or 9-celled, — 
more or less ‘muticate — soft —— Styles. J! or 2, long, ms 


xv. li. 101124 Urtica involucrata, Roxb, Fl. Ind. ii. 592; r 
mallotoides, F. — Fragm. iv. 189; M. asterolasia, F. Muell. Y c. 140, ; 
Baill. Adans. vi. 317. a 
I sep Endeavour river, A. Cunningham ; Port Molle, M i : 
ingham Bay and Mount Elliott, Dallachy; Cape York, Daemel.—The species Hor 
the pone Archipelago, but not in emn except as pecie p^ the Calcutta - 


Muell. Arg. in ps. Prod. xv. ii. 997. A tall erect i 


long peti 

veinlets. Stipules ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4 in. 
membranous margins. Male panicles often much Nac ido but sho 
than the leaves, the flowers pedicellate in the clusters. Bracts ova 


segme Female peduncles simple, bearing few 
Miam ee gay cup-sha a Bracts ip peu 
: ed : Ms long, yir Ade vary muricate with glabrous entire 
rocesses. Styles irah long, papillose or shortly fri 
Ca m9 3-celled, éoniibas, shortly and sparingly muricate, 95 
ines diameter.— Zicinus  Tanarius , Linn.; Mappa tanaria, Spre 


Syst. iii, 878. 


AMacaranga.] CVII. EUPHORBIACER, 147 


usc Port Essington, Armstrong, viet 
Queensland. Df napi islands, R. Brown ; Howick's s Group, F. Mueller; 
Port Dots and Rockingham Bay, Dallazhy, Piratan; 5 Broad Sound and head of 
Isaacs river, sup od — ampton, Thozet; Moreton Bay, W. Hill, F. Mueller; 
see river, Gulliv 
. Wales. Tweed river, Guilfoyle. 
tomentosa ge cp "e Leaves softly tomentose. Capsules rather angi 
eiiim Bay, D 
The species — sit. Bast India and the Archipelago northward to South China; 


| 33. CODIEUM, Rumph; | 
Flowers usually moneecious in axillary or terminal racemes. Male 8.: 
Calyx of 5 or 6 membranous segments much imbricate in the 
Petals 5 or 6. very short. Glands as many as E alternating with 
l tly raised receptacle, 


u 
Flowers small, the males usually clustered but few together, the females 
solitary within each bract in veda igs, or, in a species 
my at the base of the male 
omprises a few species from Yi ast E Todi and the ae mes 
the my Aditvelign one which, if correctly identified, has a wide range over the whole 
area, but in some places perhaps cultivated only. 


atum, Blume; var. moluceanum, wv Arg. in i DG 


; on petioles. of 4 to liù., penniveined, green both sides or 
especially in the typical form blotched or variegated with white. Flowers 
ulary or lateral racemes, and usually a male and female ra- 


long as broad, or sometimes rather longer than broad, slightly dentate. 

Glands about the same length, broad, thick and truncate. Stamens 

about 20, Female flowers on thick pedicels of 1 to 4 lines. M 

bei s nts shorter and thicker than in the males. Disk obscurely 

lo oer short thick and recurved. Capsule opem nin smooth, 

3. to 4 lines diameter.—C. obovatum, Zoll; Baill. Adans.: vi. 803; C. 
7 . 


Mount Elliott and Seaview Range, Rockingham Bay, Da e 
The sam riety also in Timor and Java, and the species widely s qos over East 
India an an the Archi ipelago, but often cultivat ed only. I do not feel, howeve 
that Mueller mn is right in referring this broid- rry ipes ame Pans to the real 
, C. chrysosticton, Spreng Syst. ñi 
t. 3051, and other hantaran ini ie Muell: Agl Ta) hd 
always much difference in the y sen. of the leaf, the general E is D the same, 


148 .CVIII. -EUPHORBIACE/E. ' [Codiceum. 


and the styles are much shorter and thicker in this broad-leaved form than in the - 
common C. variegatum. 


34. BALOGHIA, Endl. 


Flowers dicecious or moncecious, in unisexual short terminal racemes. 


Male fl. : Calyx 4- or 5-lobed, the lobes imbricate. in the bud or very 


late ns nite, 

shortly b vimos or inserte ot a taod or conical died raced, Wi or 
tyles 

divinis deeply divido. into 2 branches As jim in ag Pets 

Ld 


glabrous except sometimes the Sowas Leaves oe or sitera 
Sprinceonh finely veined. Flowers few, not sma e racemes som 


The genus b estafa but few species, chiefly from New ma ay inelnding the two 
found also in poeta. Mueller te reduces it to a section odiewm, but the 
habit, inflorescence, perianth and stamens, and perhaps the wer are quite different. 
Baillon thinks it reaecly distinct Bey Ricinoea carpus, but besides the habit, the embryo 
is that of the Crotonec, not of on 
Leaves opposite. Petals ide 1, B. lucida. 
Leaves NIA or soattered. "Petals densely woolly 1 tomentose : 

nside . . 2. B. Panchen 


numerous, the educa very shortly united in a conical or oblong E 
column or receptacle. St " divided almost to the base into 2 branches. 


vom hard, globular, 4 to ł in. diameter, somewhat tridymous, with 
rrow bordered by 2 2 narrow ridges on the back of each coccus.— 
Codiceum lucidum, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 1116. 


enslan 
P Mueller. 


d. Rockingham: Bay, Daliaehy; Rockhampton, O'Shanesy ; me : 


Baloghia.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACE X. 149 


N. S. we Vales, Hastings and Macleay rivers, Beckler ; Clarence and Richmond 
rivers, C. Moore, London Exhibition Mo N 2 Illawarr. a. _ Cunni ham, Mc Arthur; 
Sydney fare "Paris Exhibition 1861, ; Lord Howe's si island, Milne 

The species is also in Norfolk island Lis in ix ew Caledoni 


2. B. Pancheri, Baill. Adans. ii. 214. A AE tree of 50 to 60 ft., 
erheen except the flowers. Leaves alternate or here and there opposite, 
ed at the end of the ME obovate or obovate-oblong, obtuse, 

din QN, of a shining ereen, prominently veined as in B. lucida, but 


re 

slender, glabrous, 3 to 4 lines long. Calyx broadly cup-shaped, very 
shortly sinuate-lobed or —€— ud vein and sometimes irregularly 
splitting, tomentose on the ma Petals nearly 3 lines long, glabrous 
outside, but the inner or upper paren very densely covered with a soft 
white loose tomentum or w wool. Stamen presi but rather fewer 
than in B. lucida, the central column more prominent and tomentose- 
villous, the free part of the filaments glabrous or nearly so. Female 
flowers and fruits unknown to me, but described by Baillon as having 
the tatg character.— Codieum Pancheri, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. 
xv. ii. 1117. 

Qu ueensla Scrubs near Kilcoy, Herb. F'. Mueller, the AER i not named, a 
single specimen agreeing precisely with a specimen in Herb. Hoo m New Cale- 
donia, where the specimens were gathered on which the iocis was ra SEL 


35. CARUMBIUM, Reinw. 
(Omalanthus, A. Juss.; Wartmannia, Muell. Pad 
Flowers moneecious, in terminal racemes. Male fl. : Peri os 
at ug ERO bii. or shortly lobed, often dividing à inth E ja 
lobes. No glands r petals. Stamens few, in serted on a central -re- 
; Ah quem any rudimentary ovary ; filaments free; anther-cells 


mous, somewhat fleshy, indehiscent or tardily opening in gas eee along 
the back of the cocci. Seeds with a fleshy arillus or carunculus.— 


i eater part or the 
whole of the raceme, the females solitary hrs th eac bie one or few 
at the base of some of the male racemes, or alone. 

The genus has but few species, limited to the Indian Archipelago and the islands of 
the South. Tui fic. Of the An ig stralian species, one ranges generally over the area 


Capsule eh smooth. See a hal rrr in a fer otis 
arillus. Bracts with 2 Me gla 1. C. populifolium. 
Capsule ae usua o 6 Tei conical. processes or 
tubercles, Seeds uana cara tt carunculus. Bracts pP aa 
vit villons ous glands deb wx s dE stillingiafolium. 


150 CVIII. EUPHORBIACE X. o: 
m.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i, part ii 


orr bol al, abtina" je prominently Pad € an 

rning red underneath, 2 to 4 in. or on luxuriant shoots 6 in. SÉ and 
n as broad, on petioles usually about the same length. Stipules 
cit $to lin. lo ong, but so deciduous as to be rarely seen except 
dh young shoots, which being usually at the base of the inflo- 
reson, 2 stipules have been described as barren bracts. Racemes 
Bracts small, entire or denticulate, with 2 large glands 

ai "hir basi ‘Male flowers 3 to 6 to together, on pedicels of 1 or pi 


on one side or into 2 un lobes, and when pressed sige in ee 
ng appearing often Npa ar EAA at the base. “Stamens 6, or fewer in 
th al flower flowers few at the base of the raceme, on 


pedicels varying from 1 to lin. Perianth like that of the males, but 

very deciduous. — laucous, didymous, 4 to 5 lines broad, open- 

ing very tardily along the margins or back of the cocci. ds 

more or less nyA "xis fleshy arillus or carunculus—C. populneum, 
D 


Muell. Arg. i o . ii. 1144, with the synonyms adduced; 
ieberi, M rg Liniites xxxii. 85, and i ene a u 
1145, Baill. Adans. vi. 326; C. platyneuron, Muell. Arg. 


€. pallidum, Muell. Ar rg. in Linnæa xxxii. 85; Omalanthus pee rd 
. Grah. in Bot. Mag. t. 2780, F. Muell. PAN 32. 

Queensland. Shoalwater Bay, R. Brown; Moreton Bay, F. Mueller ; Crocodile 
Creek, Bowman; Rockhampton and Booking iua Bay, Dallachy. 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Æ. Brown, Sieber, n. 640, 
and others; northward to Hastings, Clarence, and Richmond rivers, x. Beakler Hender- 
gives a peculiar character. to i aspect of some of the valleys, A. Cunning 

astern EAT o of Gipps’ Land, F. Mueller. 
pecie s is pproad over the Eastern Archipelago, and some of the Pacific inant 
I am e to Duce dg Re eei ol the thise forti s described as specie 2 
Mer A Asp. in the Prodro: The foliage is exceedingly väino i in size and consi 
according to age im rosari neadh 


pulifo ums br 
triangular or almost Smile. usually acute but scarcely vacuity 
aat } ; 


R 
Brects a and acute or lanceolate and acuminate, without any 97 — 


Carumbium.] CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, 151 


readily dehiscent than that of C. populifolium. Seeds with a short 
fleshy carunculus.— Omalanthus stillingiefolius, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 32; 
Wartmanmia stillingiefolia, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 1147. 


Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham, Fraser, F. Mueller. 
N. S. W. i . Moore. 


ales. New England, C. Stuart ; Manning river, C. 


same nature and origi 


36. SEBASTIANIA, Spreng. 
(Gymnanthes, Sw. ; Microstachys, A. Juss.; Elachocroton, F. Muell.) 


opening longitudinally in 9 valves. Female perianth of 3 segments 
Y 


Ova 


? 
free or very shortly connate at the base. Capsule separating in 
[1] - 


her in clusters occupying the greater n or 
the whole of the raceme, females usually solitary or few at the base of. 
the spike. 
The genus is rather a large one in America, with a single species spread over tropical 
Baill ites the genus with 
the seed is accompanied by some differences in the habit and flowers, which appear to 
Justify the separation. : 


l. S. chamelæa, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 1175. An annual 
or perennial, with à hard woody base and erect or ascending branching 
virgate stems of 1 to lift, glabrous and often glaucous. Leaves 


l 
serrulate, 1 to 2 in. long, tapering into a very short petiole. Male spikes 
i i racts very small, acute, 
with 2 large more or less stipitate glands sometimes as long as the 


152 CVIII. EUPHORBIACER, [ Sebastiania. 


Tragia chamelea, Linn.; Excecaria chamelea, M. M" vi 998; 
— asperococcus, 'F. Muell. in Hook. Kew Jou 17. : 

N. Islands = the Gulf of Carpentaria, R. e Mc ; Vict 
river, F. P. Muell r; Goulburn i RN A, Cunningham ; Port siete pne n. 539; 
Beagle Bay, N.W. Coast, Hu. 

eens Zand. Endeavour ae A. Cunningham; Baines creek, F. Mueller ; b 

nor's and Bowen rivers, Bowman; Rockin um | y, Dallachy ; Cape York, M'Gillivray 
. This, the only Old hahaa Ah is widely spread over tropical Asia and Africa, " 
does not extend to Amer 


37. EXCZECARIA, Linn. 


Flowers moncecious or diccious, in terminal or axillary racemes or 

ikes. Male fl.: Cage. of 3 or 2 very small segments. No petals 
or glands. Stamens 3 aa fomning almost the oc flower, bie 
any rudimentary ov dé : ‘file amen re. or shortly united at the 


ly 
3-p artite ‘han’ the Ovary 3- or 2-celled, with 1 ovule in eae 
cell. Styles v iad undivided, free or shortly united at the base. 
Capsule dividin -valved cocci, or (in species not A an) 


r 

é 
juice. Leaves alternate, entire or crenulate. Flowers very small, the 
males clustered 2 or 3 ‘to gether along ds rhachis of thé raceme oF 
‘spike, or sometimes solitary within each bract. Stamens exserted. 


: The females in separate shorter racemes, or in species not Aust tralian 


at the base of the male racemes or spi 

The genus, if taken to include Sapium, is Siti spread over the tropical regions 
of both Hb New and the Old World. Of the thr pe i Peisgehu Gee species or varieties, One 
is common on the sea-coasts of tropical Asia, the other two are endemic 


— whi or sans elliptical, obtuse, entire or crenate, 2 to 
on, 1. E. Agallocha. 
Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate, obtusely acuminate, crenate, ‘1 to 
3 in. lon 2 B Dallachyant. 


Lede narrow-oblong, very ‘obtuse, entire, 4 to 1 in. long dg Bw parvifolia. 


1. E. Agallocha, Linn. ; Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. xv. ii. 1220. 
small tree, quite glabrous. Leaves mostly obovate or broa i | 
NADA obtuse or shortly and obtusely acuminate, rounded or C08- . 
tra t the base, entire or somewhat crenate, thick and shining whet 
old, 9 to 3 in. long on a petiole of } to 1 in. Spikes or racemes usually 


Excecaria.} CVIII: EUPHORBIACER. 153 


ye pedicels 1 to 9 lines long. Perianth of 3 me acute rather thick 
es. Capsule tridymous, about 3 lines diame 


N. Australia. Islands of the Gulf of Carpentari efe Brown, Sweers; salt- 
water banks of Victoria river, F. Mueller; Goulburn nd A. Cunningham ; Port 


Queensland. Common n the coast from E and Broad Sound to 
Cape York, Dallachy, Bowman, M‘Gillivray, and others 


r| 
. This species appears to be a common maritime tree in teal Asia. 


. E. Dallachyana, Baill. Adans. vi. 324, as a var. of E. Ag allocha. 
N ite y to E. Agallocha, and perhaps really only an ona Se 
Leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate, -= tusely acuminate, crenate, 1 to 
3 in. long, less coriaceous and the veins more prom minent noi reticulate 
underneath. Flowers both male and Take apparently the same as in 
XE. Agallocha. 
‘Queensland. Burnett Diei F. Mueller; Rockhampton, common, always in the 
sera, Dallachy, Bowman, Thozet. 


. E. parvifolia, Muell. Arg. in Flora 1864, 483, and in DC. 
Prod. xvii. 1221, Very nearly allied to E. Agallocha, and reduced by 
Baillon like the last toa Moog of that species, with narrow oblong very 
obtuse entire leaves of 1 to lin., tapering into a short petiole. The 
peo racemes are also smaller, 1 to lin. long. Pinal flowers and fruit 
unknow 

N. Australia. Gani round the Gulf of Corpeniarit, R. Brown, F. Mueller, 
ti —'' Gutta-percha tree" of the latter. 


Orver CIX. URTICEJE. 


Flowers unisexual or very rarely polygamous. sper simple and 
calyx-like, of 3 to 5 oe Poet (rarely reduced to 1 or 2) imbricate or 
induplicate-valvate in the bud. Stamens in the austen as many as 
perianth-segments, hs pen tothem, very rarely fewer or more; 
filaments short and erect or longer and inflexed in the bud; anthers 
usually with 9 parolle: cells opening longitudinally. Ovary in the 
females free or rarely more or t i 
Style simple or more or less deeply divided into 2 branches or 2 


orthotropous, or laterall attached and amphitropous, or ‘poidulous s and 

Sota gu ea so i always superior. Fruit of each se parate 

f y drupe nut or indehiscent utricle, es sometimes 
suc 


rounding or subtended by. or — in à fleshy ede Seed with 

membranous testa, with or without album Embryo straight 
curved or spirally bidon the ae be flat « or - folded, the radicle 
Superior.— 'rees shrubs or herbs very varied in habit and foliage. 
' Leaves ine or opposite, entire toothed or rarely divided, pen- 
niveined and often 3-nerved. Stipules present, but usually very 


154 CIX. URTICER. 


deciduous. Flowers small, in cymes clusters or heads, rarely gt 
the clusters or heads often racemose or Spec the receptacle of 
heads araj ay shaped and often bordered: by an involucre of 
-— 


me important grou of this Order have not yet been worked up for the Panels 
the subjoined tribes and their characters have therefore reference chiefly to the ae 
Australian genera; the Urticee proper have, however, been very carefully monographed 
dell. i on 


by Wedde es the name of eystoliths to — a eka concreti 

e epidermis of the leaves, which, when line specimens the 
aspect of appressed superficial hairs, although really within piia ean nee of the leaf. 
The form of these he abel has iua some Urticeze been m n se of as a specific character, 


Trise 1. Celtidese.—Flowers often polygam pened i ailfany or lao . Fila- 
ments short, erect or slightly endi in A bud. Styles or style- iiid 2, ` equal. 
Ovule pendulous. Embryo curved, the cotyledons often folded over the incumbent 
REL Trees or shrubs, 


Flowers polygamous, the fertile ones frequently hermaphro 
© Perianth-segments imbricate in the bud. Style- eae ce 
styles) linear-oblong or dilated, truncate or 2-lobed . . 1. CELTIS. 
Flowers polygamous, the fertile ones frequent] herma phro 
i u^ le- branches (or 


styles) short, orae ^: menda vein on the small fru . LREMA, 
owers unisexual (mo us). nth- — ram aa in 
the bud. Style- aai. (or styles) PaA ý 3. APHANANTHE. 


Trp — Flowers unisexual in dense spikes or heads, or crow owded oñ Z 
orinebsd in in g fesi re receptacle. fuk erect or slightly incurved in the bud. Sty 
ed. Embryo curved oF 


undivided Ovule pendulous or laterally attach 
straight. Trees rere with a smth jusi 
Flowers lobular cd ^d -shaped receptacle 
; deed at a small a oce ce by sm P nd s " . 4. Ficus. 
xir in globular heads on a rs rec scape. "Fruta syncarp 
rmed of the nt ye Heshy perianths and re wien 5. CuDRANIA. 
wded on a ari ad receptacle, fe males soli- 
Mea Fruit a vog mass consisting of the consolidated invo- 
lucre and pericarp, the tips of the bracts alone . 6, ANTIARIS. 


Tri —F lowers unisexual in dense spikes or heads. Stamens 1n Se 
in the ud eina usually direi Ovule pendulous pe latoraliy attached. Em- 
bryo in ncurved on innoluia, Trees or shrubs, very rarely he 


p ain rob ial vits anil orifice St fe branches elon ated 7. MALAISIA. 
ale flowers in dense spikes. Females few in very small spike 


or heads, their perianth of 4 segments. St gie -branches elongated 8. PsEUDOMORUS 
Flowers in globular paps em us heads. Style elongated with 
, small brauch or tooth at the base. Stem herbaceous. . . . 9. FaroU^ 


UNES 


CIX. URTICER. 155 


~ TRIBE eve.— Flowers unisexual, in cymes clusters or rarely in shane 
Stamens reete in "the bud. A" undivided. Ovule erect. Embryo straight or 
nearly so. Trees shrubs or herb. 


. Susrrise 1. Procrideze.—Plants not stinging. Female perianth deeply lobed. 
Fä densely crowded on a flat or concave receptacle with 

involucre of several sii  pcasrs ufted. Leaves — or 

rarely alternate . . 10. ErATOSTEMMA. 


Susrrize 2. Boehmeriese.— Plants not stinging. Female qv en ug 
and minutely toothed, enclosing or adnate to the ovary, or rarely minut. 


Shrubs or trees. Flower-clusters in axillary spikes or rarely soli- 
ile. 


Stigma linear, persistent UP ee Gram niea hanna 
Stigma linear, Pure “pas 2 MB. KITURI 
Herl axillary sessile solitary cymés or clusters. 


prio linear, doi bue Male perianth-lobes or segments con- 

cave o pae ptly inflected at the top. Leaves entire. Bracts 

y sm 13. Povzorsia. 

Mgr or tufted. Male yerianthesegments nearly flat. Leaves 
e 


Bracts united at the base into an involucre . . 14. PARIETARIA. 
"im linear. Male perianth os 1 ane ile outer lobe. Stamen 
l. Leaves toothed. T ilo brac . » «15. AUSTRALINA. 
Supreme 3. Urerese.—Plants more or less armed with stinging hairs. Female 
perianth lobed, 2 piae usually larger than the 2 others 
- Herbs with o posite leaves. Stigma tufted 16. UnrtcA. 
Trees or sh Ns with alternate Min Stigma linear . . . . 17. Larorrea. 


Trips I. CErpTIDExX.—Flowers in axillary or lateral cymes often 
polygamous, the i aphrodite or female pA sometimes upik 
i i 2 


laments short, erec slightly ineurved in the les 
ways deeply divided into 2 equal branches. Ovule pendulous or € 
rally attached ne s abryo curved, the c coty said o 


1. CELTIS, Linn. 
(Solenostigma, Endl.) 


Flowers pol ous, in axillary or lateral c apre — in both 

sets of 4 or b segme nts imbri isaisa di bud. 8 s in the male 
and hermaphrodite flowers as many as hate erem i exceeding 
the perianth, but. slightly incurved in the bud. Disk hairy, with a 
rudimentary - pistil in the males. Ovary in the fem ale and hermaphro- 
TP erbe inserted on a hairy disk. ancora rum distinct styles) 


cumbent on or embracing the ascending radicle.—Trees or shrubs. 
Leaves alternate, more or less J-nerved, entire in the postal species, 
dentate in some others. - Stipule es small and iduous 


156 CIX. URTICEJE. [ Celtis. 


The genus is dispersed over the temperate and x ed nao regions of both the 7 
and the Old World, with a pe tropical species, chi oy 
e Australian species extend to the Indian Archipela 
Leaves broad, stron xe 3-nerved, pei Tum 2 : 
ons flat or nearly 1. C. philippinensis. 
Leaves ‘ovate-lanceolate, ; the lateral nerves scarcely prominent. 


2. C. paniculata. 


a minute pubescence on the young shoots. Leaves on petioles of 1 to 


and sometimes rather obli ique e saps varying from 14 to 3 in. in 
the more rigid broader leaved specimen o 3 to 5 in. in mds ones, 
coriaceous, green on both s ver: beds and strongly 

nerved, with very fine M MUR ymes loose, 4 to 2 in. diameter, 
those with all male flowers more crowded than the polygamous ones. 
Perianths pedi , the segme ,1 arly 1 line long. 
Stigmatic branches of the style (or styles) broadly cuneate truncate or 
2-lobed, s s broader than , some r than 
br n poma of the. same flower dissimilar. ne a ovoid, 


de. Plan 
lia. eua Vansittart, and | Carvening bays, N.W. Coast, A. Cunni 


Austra. ning — 
Victoria river, F. Mueller ; o» d han; defi. of the Gulf of 
psa Sat 


am; 
aire and opposite mainland others; Port Essington, A. 
AN 


Sharasland. Sunday island, A. Cunningham; Port Denison, F'itzalan, Dallachy. 


leaved specimens upen which the C. oides was founded appear to have grown m 

dry situations. C gham’s larger-leaved specimens are stated by him to have 
been from moist shady situations ing’s Philippine island specimens have st d 
larger T, san coriaceous leaves. "reped plant I h ien red T 


2. C. paniculata, Planch. im Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 8, x. 305. A large 
tree, pis glabrous. Leaves from ovate-laneeolate to ‘elliptical-oblong, 
— more or less —— atthe base and often oblique or light? 
falcate, entire, coriaceous, smooth, penniveined and 3-nerved at 
base et. the midrib alone cg the lateral veins or Mc hort 
and fine or almost evanescent. Cymes sometimes dense and few- 


miha igma — Endl. Prod. Fl. Norf. 42 ; S. brevi v, Blume 


Mus. Bot. ii. 67; C. sp. nova, n. 92, Planch. in Ann. Sc. 30. Nat Fue 3 


3, x. 900; C. ingens, F. "Muell. Fragm. iv . 88. 
. N. Australia. Islands of the Gulf of Carpenta 
Queensland. Broa 


a, R. Brown, Hen - 
d Sound, R. Brown; Endeavour river, A. Donuk More- 


Celtis. | - OIL URTICER, 157 


ton bay, F. Mueller; Rockham mpton, |, Thozet, O' Shanes Edgecombe bay and Port 
Desa) Dallachy ; Curtis beers Henne ; Keppel bay, ‘Phozet, 
s, Clarence, and Richmond rivers, Beckler, C. Moore 
(London Exhibition 1862, n. 1 93, C. — Kiama, Harvey. 
In C. Moore’s ‘collection from Lord Howe’s Island, ee marked Elat ma 
en Deve * 34, d r to be x visuty of Celtis with the lia vis jew 
thicker and all very obtuse, the e cymes are "t. ED and deti and I only see male 


2. TREMA, Lour. 
(Sponia, Commers.) 


Flowers polygamous, in small axillary rapit zm bec of 5, 
rarely 4 segments, escape ndn in as man 
as perianth-segments, erect in the bud; filaments very short Prin "wid 
mentar " or more or less de veloped. ’ Female perianth-segments nearly 

slightly imbrieate when posa) sereia Per Style a tan 
concave and induplicate in the 


unisexu ual. 

The genus is "n Mn: over the tropical and subtropical regions of the New rs 
4 Wo rld. Numerous species have been published, but the greater number o 

‘them differ only in e ‘indesnenbene which is often very variable in the same rid 


ii is with much regret also that I babe found pre: "^d MEE from the Prod 
Tomus in the nomenclature of the genus, but I cannot but agree with Blume that 
. Loureiro's character is quite as de dte as the idea] one given i" cane on's 


. 158 CIX.. URTICER. [Trema, 


dendi ata uid ie Map is indeed as much reason for adopting Loureiro's pam 


in this case of Mallotus, Dichroa, Centipeda, &c., now so generally 
es green and scabrous on both. sides, sprinkled with scattered 
bain or nearly gio rous 1. T. aspera. 
maas and glabrous above, and smooth or - scabrous, white 


mentose undernea 2, T. orientalis. — 
eaves shy — cent m densely velvety pubescent or hirsute E 
underneath 8. T. amboinensis. 


or several female or hermaphrodite ones in the same cymes. 
aa scarcely .1 lme diameter when o nd the female smaller. 
les varying om half the length to the dh. of the ovary. Drupes 
shes scarcely compres mene: obtuse o t ME acute, varying from under 
14 lines to Ea 2 lines in length.—Celtis aspera, Brongn. in Duperr. 
Ai din 218, t. 48; a aspera, Planch, in Ann Sc. Nat. ser. 3, 


N. A JU: Victoria river, F. Mueller, with small very strongly veined leaves 
and compact cym 
M "brisban ane river, Moreton Bay, W. Hill, F. Mueller, and o thers, and 
‘ence to to Rockham ampton, Rockingham and Wide bays, and Burdekin river, F Mueller, 
Bidwill, Thozet, and other rs; oe islands, R. Brown; sent by Maitla 
as a poison plant frm. Rockbam 
N. S. Wales. Port DM to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, Woolls, ad | 
others; northward to Hastings and Macleay rivers, Beckler; New En land, Q. Stuart; — 
southward to Illawarra, A. Cunningham, Harvey, and. others, and ofold n E. 
ueller; Sydney Woods, London Exhibition 1862, M'Arthur, n. 75.— 
Macs: Hew cim have the small compact cymes and small prie of those fom 


" peii Leaves larger and less hairy, but no other cope Premi viridis, 


Planch: in Ann. Sc. Nat. eer. 3, x. 319; Trema viridis, Blame Mus. Bot. ii. 58. Port 
— Armstrong ; ultz, n. 1, 8, 183, ^ " 788 $ i igh 
Dallac: This variety is defired by Planchon (DC. Prod. xvii. ined.) to the widely- 
virgata, Blume ( Celtis a, Roxb., Sponia virgata, Planch.), from w91 of 
it is oe not easily distinguished. Brongniart’s name has, however, t ks righ : 
priority. timorensis, Dene. from Timor, belongs to the same group à variety 
or closely allied species. 


orientalis, Blume Mus. Bot. ii. 62. A tree sometimes attain- - 
ing 2 40 oh. the midi pubescent. yon inhale e or lanced- — 
late, acuminate toothed, cordate at the base and scabrous 0T — 
almost smooth on the upper surface and isl glabrous, white or hoary . 
yan ith with a r short soft pubescence, 


TEM 


Trema.] CIX. URTICER. ' 159 


varying from 2 to 6 in. ong Male cymes usually broad and man 

flowered, with the tutae siger than in 7. aspera, the cymes as well 

as the flowers smaller when several or allo them are fertile. Celtis 

orientalis, Linn.;  Sponia E is, Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, 
23. 


Queensland. Albany island, W. Hill; Port Molle, M'Gillivray; Port Denison, 
Fiala ptiele: Rockhampton, Thozet, and others. 
.S.W Mat, Paramatta, Gata 


and with numerous flowers larger sor that ect and the cymes themselves larger and 


I have had before me, I met with several which, in one or more of the above c 
"es were entirely conformable to Asiatic or Archipelago specimens of the typical T. 
ntalis. 


3. mboinensis, Blume Mus. Bot. ii. 01. A fine tree of 40 ft., 
the pte densely pubescent or villous. Leaves shortly petiolate, 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate with long points, more equal 

rounded or cordate at the base than in 7. aspera, to 4 in. long, rather 
thick, softly pubescent above, densely Vel Abie con or villous 
underneath hare pic esa the bracts usually more vipera than 
in T. aspera. — Sponia amboinensis, Planch. in DC. rod. xvii. ined. ; 
8. ideis Planch, in qum Sc. Nat. ser. 3, x. 827; Trema velutina, 
i. 62. 


.. Blume Mus. Bot. 
| . N. Australia. sire c A. Brown. 
Queensland. Hocki am bay, Dallachy. 
The species is ien d m over East India and the Archipelago, RU ad north- 
ward to South Chi It is on the authority of shone re that I refer this very common 


Archipelago species p? the óriginal Celtis amboinensis, Willd. He believes also that this 
may be the typical Trema EE Lour. 


9. APHANANTHE, Planch. 


Flowers moncecious, the males in axillary cymes, the fetta solitary 
or 2 together. Perianth in both sexes of 4 or 5 s segments, imbricate in 


p 
Compressed, the endocarp ee "Seed nearly globular 
membran nous; albumen little or n Embryo curved or invol etek the 
outer larger cotyledon’ esito the smaller one.— Tree or shrub. 
Leaves alternate, penniveined. Stipules very small or none. M 


. €ymes in the ails of the old leaves, female flowers desde or shortly 


Procite in = lower eri of the hee e emm 


pis and t bay in aom howe reer ni both Siren one. different habit, dicecious 
flowers, and more subulate styla. lebicbes, 


160 k ^CIX. URTICEZ. [ Aphananthe, 


ensis, Planch. in Ann. m Nat. ser. 3, x. 837. A tree 


or tall shrub, sem or scabro ous-pubesc Leaves shortly petiolate 
broadly ovate to elliptical, acute or aimat obtuse, rigidly membranous 

coriaceous, scabrous, the = coe ey y prominent underneath 
— g astomosin npe ge €: p: into 


pungent pointedly obes. Male cymes almost sessile but loose. Perianth- 
broad, concave, ciliolate. Anthers half exerted when fully out. 
Monisie perian nth-se segments narrower. Fruit ovoid, acuminate, about 
3 lines long.— Taxotrophis Bros ibi F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 192; Sponia 
ilicifolia, S. Kurz in Flora, 1872, 4 
Quee Brisbane river, Moreton e F. Mueller; Queensland woods, Lon- 
don Exhibition 1862, W. Hill, n. 86; Rockhampton, O'Skanesy ; Rockingham bay, 


. S. Wales. Clarence river, Wilcox, preng aee and Richmond brushes, 
Porti woods, London Exhibition 1862, C. Moore, 


TRIBE II. AmrocARPEX.— Flowers unisexual, in dense unisexual 
or NA spikes or heads, or crowded on or inclosed in a fleshy — 
receptacle. dr erect or ‘slightly incurved in the bud. Styles 
undivided or unequally rarely equally 2-branched. Ovule pendulous 
or lateral] a Embryo curved or straight. Trees or shrubs, 
with a milky jui 


4, FICUS, Linn. 
(Urostigma and Covellia, Gasp.) 


Flowers unisexual, minute, enclosed in a hollow globular ovoid or 

ar-shaped receptacle called a fig or synacium ; the minute orifice closed 

y bracts turned inwards, or the first rows erect outwards. Male 

flowers usually near the " mouth of the pepada very rarely in 

ya pach JEFE, and often very few. Perianth of 3 to 6 lobesor 7 

segments, imbricate in the bud, rarely sica] to a a €: 
uL 1, 2, or rarely more, opposite the perianth-segment 


2-celled or "the pas conte uen wi E the Apes. Female Path = 
mu 


© 
h 
ha 
E 
Sh 
: 
mm 
et 
E 
Il 
E 
B 
pis 
B 
LI 
ra 
- 
© 
> 
b 
Pt 
© 
e 
c 
=H 
& 


top. Fruiting receptacle fo enlarged, but remaining clo 
n small seed- like nuts surrounded by the membranous or succ 


ll 
alternate or opposite, entire or lobed, penniveined “ft d usually 
less distinctly 3-nerved at the base. Stipules usually very eciduous, 


Ficus.] j CIX. URTICEÆ. 161 


convolute on the young buds. Receptacles ells 3 in pairs, or peitar 
by the abortion of one of each pair, either a — ua or e old wood, 
and then often forming clusters or racemes on short don branchlets. 
Bracts usually 8, often small and sealer I "aioe at the base of the 
receptacle or along the pedicel below it. Bracts within the receptacle 
subtending the flowers usually very numerous, varying with the 


ry large genus, fae over ee yarar and subtropical regions ae the New and 
the Old Wo rld, but most abundant in the Indian Archipelago. Of the thirty-four 
i se als 


but it is possible that on ke general elaboration of this difficult genus, now in the 
0 "M. Barean, some further identifications of Australian aid Archipelago species 
may be effected. 

S Urostigma.— Male Eire 3-merous, rarely 5-6-merous, Stamen 1; 
dither celi distinct or confluent. Female peria rianth 4-6-merous. pear (in the 
Australian species) elongated, acute. Leaves alternate, entire, usually 
B em 8 usually Bec : 

giros tri setose inside between the flowers. Male perianth 5-6-merous. Sta- 


A" DUNS densely pubescent underneath». aca EF colossea. 
i UE EPA bracteate inside between the flowers. Male perianth 3-merous, longer 
t 


pm igen rather distant inem ne with a tw s veins and nume- 
transverse M ulations. maller fine pri- 


d veins between the principal o 
Recopase gE ii poser Supls and. — shoots ot 4) pio 
Recopiso les globular a turbinate. 
Petioles ¿toli : 
ceptacles binis c r ona peduncle of 1 line, not ex- 
ceeding 5 lines diameter. 
Leaves obtuse or shortly and sba acuminate ARE 
ui coast species) . i as 8. F. nesophila. 
ueens 
— ire m d and shortly acumin ( cw Cunninghamit 
Receptacles on eduncles of 2 lines 4 to in. diameter 5 F. Henneana. 
- Petioles under } in P ong. Pedun cles very A koj 6. F. validinervis. 


(F. macrophylla, and occ sasionally some other species of the following group, approach 
those of the present nie in venation. 


Leaves with numero parallel ary transverse veins all 
equal or every third or Po more veg et 
Leaves thi riaceous, mos er 3 in 


ceptacles € x on very short ence 
Petioles under 3 lines. Leaves miy em — — 
obt Babes les 4 in dps 4. F. retusa. 


VoL. VI. M 


162 CIX. URTICER. [ Ficus. 


pite łto 4 in. Leaves bur. iow or elliptical, 


reely acuminate. Receptacles į in. diameter 8. F. eugenioides, 
Petioles + ip $ in Leaves pen or Broadly elliptical, Aa 
acumin a irag under io Pu hag 9. F. benjaminea. 
Receptacl Adji late, 4 in. dia "he LE 0 
Pexjaainea E di 10. F. Muelleri 


go 
Leaves more ou ll obtuse o or F shariy and “obtusely ¢ acu- 
minate, rarel nar 


e softly beiden underneath. Receptacles villous, : 
arcely u iis nate . 11. F. leucotricha. 
Leaves glabrous, Receptacles ‘glabrous, prominently 
mbon 18. F. puberula. 
[ORT A t pe or on very short thick peduncles. 
0 4 in. 
aves ferruginous de mih when youn Dog . F. rubiginosa. 
Leaves glabrous or minutely pnhement sa gni ^ dis £'". platypoda. 
Leaves glabrous, with ver ery short petioles pa very 
prominent veins (doubtful species KR 2 F. dictyophleba. 
pea mostly 6 to 10 in. long, glabrou " i SE S 6. F. macrophylla. — 


- Szor. 2. Fuwrose Mal, ianth of 5 or 6 lobes or segments, rans. reduced to 1. 
omens pre lai pan ter e; sorgt ee Female perianth 4—6-mer. Stigma (in 
the Australian ecies) P ed — oblique or oblong. Leaves posa: or oppo — 


site, de toothed or lobed, often deciduous. Receptacles axillary or on the old wood. 
Leaves smooth, at least on the upper side, or aeeooy scabrous. 
Leaves large (3 to 14 ft.), glabrous, Stigm not peltate. 
aves obovate-oblong or elliptical. Bipules id rigid. 5 odi 
Stigma obtuse, scarcely thickened. . 17. F. magnifolia. 
Leaves cordate-ovate. e" membranous. ‘Stigma a 
les ope ks ` . 18. F. ehretioides. 
ves und 
Stipules ar young shoots silky-hairy or hoary. Stigma 
ue, lan 
Creeping or clin "Cm shrub. Leaves mostly cordate- 
ovate, st rongly reticulate underneath . 19. F. pumila. 
Small tree w pe endulous. branches. Leaves ‘ong, lan- 
ceolate, Palo nate - + 20. F. coronulata. 
Quite glabrous. ced s eliptia. e oblong.ov 
Petioles slender, 2 to 3 line g. Leaves prominently 
reticulate underneath. Stigma oblique . 21. F. leptoclada. 
Petioles 4 in. long AV — scarcely conspicuous 
loloa. "Style, short. . Stigm peltate 22. F. depressa. 
Petioles pre — s ~ 8. Stigma peltate- Male o 
perianth of 23. F. philippinensis, 
Wadanside a te Tees E "oop «iy Y villous. ; 
Sti . 24. F. mollior. 
Leaves very RUN. 
les unise xe the males oblong. ee heme e fe- 
ovoid or globose, Leaves ite or alte n Bb Ku dept 
Receptacls androgynous, ovoid. bed haa 
Leaves all alternate, pubescent or villous unde on rene 


ee 
fedes villous, ae orifice a with exse rted bra a F. aspera. 
aves frequently opposite, Receptacles enar; Moe 
r rarely pu aboia , 
bo m mostly pese rigid, ovate or orbicular, the 
margins aculeate. pg tii 
Branches glabrous wiles aod isai c 27 JA. orbiteri | 
- Branches odes or pubescent . doce ibi d nioo BB Tagua 


| 
l 
4 


Ficus. | CIX. URTICER. 163 


Leaves entire or sinuate-crenulate, not aculea 
Leaves of the flowe pring branches ovate, 2 to T in. long, 


petioles 4 ip h in. . 29. F., opposita. 
Leaves of t flowering branches obovate, "2 to 3 in. f 
' long, Sois very short . 90. F. scobina. 


. Covellia.— Male periode ad. 3 or 4 read pnpniente enveloping each other, 
Female pe ery smal rarely 

exceedin, € ipes of th eh disin ‘Style gla pie art with a peltate or oblique 

stigma. p Des paral, large. Stipular scar prom : Receptacles chiefly on 


mere all Sponte, Receptacles 2 to 1 in. ba not 


AI, hispida. 
bru all or mostly alternate. Receptacles ‘about H in. dia- 
meter, 6-ribbe 
aves henian 4 to 10 in. long. Young shoots pubescent 
or his v2 p 82. F. fasciculata. 


ave Ain, “glabrous. and smooth as well as ; the branches 33. F. casearia. 
Leaves ail ker, glabrous and smooth. Dry 1 X 
1j in. diameter, not ribbed. Signa oblique 4, F. glomerata. 
Mn. in the Journ. Bot. Neerl. 1861, 234, mentions his U. stipulosum Mig) M 
ings river, Beckler. I can find ‘nothing in Beckler's collections which 
able to vir to the Philippine mt Vois originally described as U. stipulosum, tA 
entered as Ficus sti; a in the us. Lugd. Bat. iii. 287. Miquel has also in 
the oes n. Bot. deg: 1861, 240, ru piel an Urostigna $ Kee iin from Rock- 


m o dewription Neat than some of m forms of F. plat oda, but they e more 
s tha " mentioned b y Miquel, and no can be satisfactorily 
identified without the fructification ; 


Szcr. I. Urostrama.—Male perianth of 3 lobes. or segments 
(except in F. colossea). Stamen 1; anther-cells distinct or more fre- 
Jie confluent at the apex. Female perianth of 4' or 5 rarely 

lobes or segmen Stigma undivided, elongated, acute, filiform, or 
slightly broader towards "the base. Leaves alternate, entire, gully 
coriaceous, glabrous or softly pubescent or villous, not at all o 
scarcely scabrous. Hecdteclss usually axillary. 


__ 1. F. colossea, F. Muell. Herb. A tree “attaining more than 

ws ft. with imm — abutments and a spreading head, and therefore 
named Ajbey-tree by the colonists,” the young shoots, petioles, and 
ideas of the leaves densely and sofily pubescent or villous, Leaves 
| ivre e cordate, acuminate, entire, mostly 4 to 5 in. long 
; to 


. pair not very prominent. Petioles ne to l}in. long. Rece ait onl 
Seen loose and their attachment not noted, turbinate-glo dm 
lies diameter, shortly pubescent, on peduncles of 1 to 2 lines. 
. Flowers within the receptacle intermixed with hairs: or T about as 


164 ,CIX, URTICEX. | Ficus. 


e | 
I cells, the mpc often slightly pes beyond them. 1 


eit inside at the 
vem with 2 distinet parallel cells. Female flowers more se 
vemm subulate, acute, p eres towards the hes i in 3 

. Mus ugd. Bat igma pilosum, Miq. Fl. Ind. 
Bat. i em li. 381; F. slligasidio, F. Muell Herb. 

Queensland. Alban aon, d Cape York, F. Mueller ; Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 
-The Me is also in ava, and robably in other islands of the Archi- 
pelago. It is readily diatingwished from all ota r Australian species by the shape of 
the a dod. 


.. 8. F.nes Mig. in Ann. Mus. gaa: Bat. iii. 286. A shrub of 

small tree, quite iwon or with a very ae putare on ae 

stipules and young buds. Leaves on petioles 

in., ovate or oblong-elliptical, ses Rec and 

acuminate, rounded or almost truncate. at the base , 8 to Gin, long, - 
1} to 3 in. broad, coriaceous and shining above, with ce : 


S 
Ó* 
B 
© 
"$ 
$ 


“but fine, Receptac 
leafless nodés.of the previous year 


smaller on most specimens, the outer subtending bracts 
broad. Male flowers few in the receptacles opened. Perianth sii 
with 3 segments, brown as well as the bracts. Stamen 1, shorter 

ihe peri rianth ; anther-cells parallel. Female flowers very num 


Ficus.) CIX. URTICEX. 1605 


Stigma subulate, sn tie dilated towards the base. L Urostigmá) 
imn, Miq. in Jou t. Neerl. 1861, 237. 
ustralia. Cambri ia "e and Enderby's island d, N.W. coast, A. Cunning- 
ham Nich hol bay, Gregory’s JU BARNOK i King's Sound and Collier bay, Chapman; 
islands of the gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown, Gulliver ; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 562, 
Queensland. Quail island, THE Pa pay, E 
This may nme to be a variety only of F. Cunninghamii, more. coriaceo 
leaves, the points much less promin Me y^ more obtuso, and both. i Ps is "eios 
- too closely allied to the wide-spread Indian F. ar a, 
unninghamii, f . Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 286. A 
large robust tree a 80 ft. Sot us. Leaves on petioles of 4 to 
om ovate to oblongellipteal, bid and abruptly acuminate, 
rounded truncate or scarcely cordat the base, 4 to d in. long, 2 to 
b ften less so 


> 
Sige 
me 
ot 
ri 
o 
> 
e 
[T] 
o 
e 
e 
e 
m. (D 
o 
E 
in 
un 
Lx 
[279 
B 
== 
2 
q 
£5 
E. 
o 
< 
c 


n . Fem 

flowers $ numerous, sessile or nearly so; stigma filiform, acute, Fond 
dilated towards the bas e.— Urostigma Cunninghamii, Miq. in Hook. Lond. 
i re L i r 


Queensland E river and Percy island, A. Cunni lajina’ Brisbane es 
Bremer rivers, Fraser; Keppel bay, R. Brown; Rockhampton, Bowman, O'Shanesy, 
lachy ; Rocking ies bay, Dalla Dm 

„The species is perhaps tog closely allied to the East Indian F. E hearty differin 
slightly in the form and especially in ise acumination of the leaf. 

cribed by Miquel from a single specimen with one damaged receptacle in Herb. 
Hooker from Brishny'? river, Fraser. His raseri was founded on a specimen in 
leaf only from n nearly the same locality in He rb. Hoo er, which he Min M in Ann, 
ded Lngd. Bat. iii. 287, refers to the PARA island = caulobotrya, Miq., which 

i re 


esides an inflorescence unkno species, is also readily 
distinguished by the Mir of the lea I r see ab P forced at all as far as the 
Er c go bet aseri, F. eyciótr imfolia, and some acknowledged forms 


9. F. Henn nneana, Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 216. A shrub or 
slender tree quite glabrous. Leaves on petioles of 1 to 13 in., oval or 


up coriaceous, the primary veins dista and. roii the 
Par very oblique, the others spreading, the veinlets conspicuous but 
scarce] Kerne Stipules lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous. tvecep~ 
_-tacles (in pairs?) on es a of about 2 lines, globular, 4 to in, 
diameter, smooth but mottled with white, the subtending bracts very 


166 CIX: URTICER. | [ Ficus, — 


deciduous, leaving a truncate margin under the ripe fig. Male fn E 
few, shortly stipitate, the perianth trimerous, with 1 large anther on a — 
very short ameng and the subulate stigma of the females entirely 1 
those of the sect. 
N. Australia. I island and Caledon ba ay, Gulliver a 
Queensland. Booby island, Tones Ben "- Cunningham, Henne ; also perhaps q 
-the same species, Rockingham bay, 4 
The "e ese from P. Mia. Fidh in the receptacles twice as large on — 
longer peduncl 3 
6. , F. Muell, Herb. A small tree, qiie glebrons. 3 
Leaves elliptical or i ia abruptly pupi entir , rounded or 


cuneate at t e, 4 to 8in. long, 14 to 21 broad, soris céóge the 
primary ET da veins and the smaller intervening ones el 
nsverse reticulations very prominent underneath, the basal 


Rockingh s has the short petioles fF 
phil M x is TRA n Y and is remar Fable for the very promi 
venation of its very coriaceous 


7. P. retusa, Linn. Mant. 199. A small or large tree, : 
me. Leaves on rather broad petioles of 2 to 3 lines, vary! 
m. broadly obovate or almost orbicular and very obtuse or Tetuse 
Europ or n t oblong, rounded or very shortly contracted at 
ow base, 9 or Sin and 1 to 2 in; road, more coriaceous t as m 


in pairs, globu Nae ditio about 4 in. dinieonee when ripa i 2 
arena bracts nearly orbicula ar, about 1 line diameter. Periant E 
stigma entirely those of Urostigma.  Anther not exceeding the perian 
(the cells distinct and parallel ?).—F. nitida, Thunb. ; Wight Ic. t. 642; 

Urostigma pisiferum eum, U. nitidum and U. retusum, Mi „in 
Hook. Lo Lond. Journ. vi. i 590, 581, 582. 

Australia. Islands of the T of maari R. Brown. 

praes Rockingham bay, Dallac 

This species extends over East Ind ia, ihe Andi and New Caledonia, — 
northward to the Philippines and South C 

8. F. eugenioides, F. Muell. ; Mig. in Ann. Mus, Lugd. Bat. iii, 286. 
‘A small tree, quite gla brous. Leaves on petioles of 1 to 41n., oblong 
lanceolate or e liptiesLeibltng, obtuse or scarcely acuminate, rh | 
at the base, 14 to 24 in n. long, 4 to lin. broad, entire, coriaceous, *7. 
numerous fine | parallel — uto iiri ie from the midrib, W 

alone prominent wit a pair of very oblique basal 9 Y 

ipules narrow. Receptddles tieli mostly in pairs in the lower 


mW DESIERTO WII EUER. UM ANUS He ILS eee 


NUN A 


Ficus. I .CIX. URTICEÆ. 167 


Quee [No rthumberland islands, R. Brown; Albany island, F. Muelle 
Brena Hil; soon Dallachy, Thozet ; Crocodile Creek and Berseker » fune 


N. S. ptr Tweed river, bio 


Bot. 1. 2875 pare aee Mia. in ae tee ‘ ‘Lond! Journ. vi i. 62 
N. pv tralia. York Sound, N. W. co ast, A. Cunningha 


F. benjaminea, Linn. ; Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 288. A 
large elegant tree with dedo ides branches * Cone like the 
weeping willow” (Dallachy), quite glabrous. Leaves on petioles of 1 to 

in., ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate, rounded or cuneate at the base, 
2 to near 4in. 1 g, entire, thinly coriaceou , with numerous fine 


rather rigid. Male flowers not numerous, intermixed with the females. 

Perianth trimerous; wire not exceeding the rmt the cells distinct 

and parallel. Stigma gg — Urostigma benjamineum, Miq. in Hook. 
nd. Journ. vi. 583; Ficus neglecta, Dene. Herb. Tim. Descr. 166. 
Queensland. erii bay, Dallachy. 


. F. Muelleri, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 987. A gabe 
tree. Leaves on rather Anada petioles of 3 to ĝin., ovate or elliptical- 


i 
narrow, acu Receptacles in pairs closely sessile or on exceed- 
ingly short ead globular, Mini. above iin. diameter, the 
internal nee as in F. benjaminea.— Uros stigma Muelleri, Miq. in Journ. 
Bot. Neerl. 1861, 235. 

. gay n Beckler.—This may iro rove to be a variety of F. 
benjaminea, but, as far very few s ecimens show, it appears to have narrower 
leaves on ael petiole ^m a slightly different venation ae larger receptac 


ll. F. tricha, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 285. A 
small tree, po dowering Trobi and petioles hrs me i sprending 
x Leaves miu qwe ovate bro UN oblon VM 


* 


308 — CIX. URTICER. . [ Ficus. 


fallen away from almost all the specimens seen. Male flowers inter- 
mixed with the females towards the orifice; perianth stipitate 3-merous, 
with one mie ant se with hun cells. Female flowers nearly 


i! Australia. tale z pa Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown; Bea Range, F. 

F. Mueller Sangune t two varieties, Moran in which the nuc are about 

4 lines, and macrocarpa, in which they are fully 6 lines diameter; but o xamination 

peo — appear to be iit yet fu ‘grown, w A the wers in bud aid only just ex- 

a central cavity ; “whilst e larger the fruits are ripe, com- 

pletely ‘ling uel receptacle, The bracts subtnding the (Der appear to be larger 
this than in any i, eg Australian spec 


12. F. rubigin Osa, Desf.; Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 114. <A tree of con- 
“siderable size, with o ading branches, throwing out woody roots, 


cordate at the base, 3 to 4 in. tds and 2 to 24 broad w 
u 


K s. Wa les. p Jackson Blue Mountains ag to several her barið, 4 
but no collector's name given; Hu nter's river, A. Brown; New As gla nd, C. Stuarts 
Hastings and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; rd Howe's re CM 


d of the 


It is by some mpa that Mignel has yeee the pun of Venen an n 
Botanical Magazine as F. ferruginea; they are both correctly named F. rubi ‘gn eu 
eB i R4 


F. ferruginea, Desf, mi published m a er Moy species, ‘which Miquel lier 


F: 
EE P ae 


EUREN ERI. 


3 ditions, 


Ficus.] CIX. URTICER. 169 


been of CMS origin ; but Bureau refers it tothe true F. rubiginosa. e spe- 
cimens from Lor owe's island were received under the ms. name of F. columnaris, 

accompanied by a sketch of the habit of the tree with its grove of columnar adventive 

roots; but I can find nothing to distinguish them from the N. S. Wales F. m 


3. F. puberula, A. Cunn.; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 987. 
A tree with the habit of F. platypoda, and apparently almost as EUER 


in the leaves, rather large and broad o ller and narrower, always 
obtuse or shortly and obtusely ac amaina; ON: glabrous or very 
slightly pubescent, and not ferruginous, wit venation of F. 


Receptacles globular and smooth, about 4 to 5 lines diameter, like 
those of F. platypoda but on peduncles of 3 to 4 lines, and usual] 
distinctly umbonate.— Urostigma puberu lum, Miq. in ond. 
Journ. vi. 562, t. 93; U. Meses Mi Journ. Bot. Neerl. 1861, 
2 ET vum Miq. in Ann. sue ia Bat. iii. 288. 

York Sound, mir coast, A. Cunningham; Port Walcot, C. 
Nds ; ene river, F. Mueller. 


14. F. platypoda, A. Cunn. ; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 987. 
A small tree of robust growth, perfeetly glabrous in all its parts in the 
typieal form, more or less pubescent in several varieties, but not 
ferruginous. Leaves in the typical form on broad petioles of about 
3 in., ovate, oneness entire, "d a slightly cuneate at the base, or 
the lower nes almost cordate, 24 to 4 in. long, and 2 to 23 broad, 
thickly an ead, with numerous E parallel primary veins, the 

i e bas 


Stigma linear-subulate and acute, or sometimes in the same receptacle 
shorter and more obtuse.— Urostigma platypodum, Miq. in Hook. Lond. 
Journ. vi. 561, 
- Australia. York Sound and Vansittart’s Bay, A. Cunningham. 
The following forms may some of them, when better known, prove to be sufficiently 
distinct to be received as species :— 

a the typical form except that the ends of 
he bran and petioles a ubescent, and the under surface of the leaves also 
slightly so; the petioles artien p7 short Urostigma nocau iq. in Journ. 
Bot. Neerl. 1861 238. icu in Ann. Mus. Lugd. "Bat. iii. 287.— 
ane je ralia, Baudin's Fapidion pte de ke N.W. Un; Port Darwin, Schultz, 


Var. ? minor, Mi iq. Glabrous. Leaves elliptical-oblong, 2 to 3 in. long and 1 to o1 
a AM petioles rather longer than in the typical form and the receptacles on 
rt pedu 
ustralia. N.W. Coast, Bynoe; Nicol Bay, Gregory's and Ridley’s E. 


Var. ? petiola Gl lly larger than in the typical form, on 
Petioles of pe i A sii e Onde rors jn, y nel sea AU Sel, 6h short 


170 CIX. URTICEZ.. [ Ficus. 


` Queenslan t Brisbane and Hastings rivers ” Pairs s a — Mai Fraser 
Narra river, jm ardt; Rockhampton and Cape river, ^ Cleveland 
Burdekin Expedition ; Port Deniboh, Fitzalan; and ute e dh sanie orm but wi 
smaller leaves, Maranoa river, Mitche it. 


Var.? mollis. n of the last variety but velvety- pubescent on both sides as well 
as the young branche 
Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


subacumin Leaves "o on long petioles as in the last two forms, pubes- 
cent, but not 8 ba 80 as in the r. mollis, and tapering above the middle so as to 
be sometimes nium QM lanceo! 
Queensland. itsunday Med et 
The two last varieties are referred in b. F. Mueller to the F. Teicher, ta 
n Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 287( Uri 1 aie ede cs Mig. in Jou Pier x " 
1861, 235), o of whi ch, however, the typical vitiis 


io i 
from the North-Western ones with short petioles, it ood iain Siecle name oof 
. Leichhardtii. 


15. ? F. dictyophleba, F. Muell. ; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 218. 
This supposed species, described from leaves only, very much resembles 
the broad-leaved glabrous forms of F. platypoda, differing in the shorter 
pee usually oe 1 to nearly pe long, the more coriaceous shining 
ith numerous veins much more prominent, 
- Queensland. Islands off Cape Flattery, F. Mueller. 


16. F. rophylla, Desf.; Pers. Syn. Pl. ii. 609. A large tree 
with a Vost head, quite glabrous, closely allied to F. rubiginosa, and — 
especially to the var. petiolaris of P. platypoda, but with much larger — 
eaves. These i oval-elliptical or Bioadly oblong, obtuse or obtusely 
acuminate, entire, 4 to 10 in. long, and 3 to 4 in. broad, coriaceous, 
with numerous transverse paean rimary veins, but with the princ cipal 
ones at some e from sith other more prominent per tie 


RE 
c 
© 
4 
2 
d 
© 
E. 
kse] 
. 
a 
-_ 
oe 
EE 
— 
5 
a 
e. 
*u 
w 
a 
B 
z 
E 
[-M 
“x 
un 
e 
‘m 
2 
8. 
c 
un 
ui 
i=] 
[A 


nearly globular or somewhat pear-shaped, ? to 1 in. disi d 
peduncles of 3 to 4, the internal structure entirely as in F. platypoda.— 
Urostigma macrophyllum, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 560. 
Queensland. Pine river, Leichhardt; Moreton Bay, Hort. Kew.; Mount Dry- 
MEN "Apte E 
bug Hunter's and Paterson's rivers, 4. Brown; Macleay and Bellinger | 


i ike SE ar St sak cee Si aes ee A A a a a E 
Se Le REE ee eT ee AE ENE ER ae GR ER IR ENT et 


rd d Moor 
Mique iy Mus. Lu gd. Bat. iii. 287, refers to this org the F.H d 2 

Kunth AF "Bouché, or Urosti igma Huegelii, Mig. in Hort. Lond. Journ. vi- 586, d 

the U. m, Miq. in J Bot. Neerl. 1861, s 39. : 
ome specimens labelled * Brush forests along the ” and exhibited as F. ma 

crophylla in the collection of Northern woods, London “Exhibition eo n. 85, C. me E 

are evidently the F. elastica, Linn., which has leaves of the same size but with a more 
pt acumination, and the numerous parallel vei - — m equ à] and proxi 

end v Amm; m xà have been Meo m cal arden o ill vy the speci- 


9. Evsvcr.—Male iex of 5 or 6 lobes or a: 3 
rarely reduced to a single one. Stamens 1, 2 or more; anth 


Ficus. | CIX. URTICER. 171 


Leaves alternate or opposite, entire toothed or lobed, often 
deciduous. Receptacles axillary or on the old wood. 


17. F. magnifolia, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 50, partly. A handsome 
tree, the foliage slightly scabrous, but otherwise glabrous. Leaves 


Male flowers few, with 2 or 3 stamens, 
and an ovary within the same perianth. Style glabrous, with a small 
obtuse shortly oblong stigma. 
Queensland. Mount Elliott and Rockingham bay, Dallachy, F'itzalan. 
„Fitzalan originally gathered this species without fructification, and named it F. mag- 
nifolia.. Dallachy found fruits on trees of J’, hispida, which he took to be the same, and 
sent them as the fruits of F. magnifolia to F. Mueller, who thus described the species 


a 
Specimens of F. magnifolia, with its own receptacles, which are entirely those of Eusyce. 


172 CIX. URTICER. a 


the dd vede nd tior Li in. and broader in proportion. 


globular or ae turbinate, 14 to 2in. diameter. Male flowers not 
seen. Style glabrous, with an oblique terminal Ver fe lanceolate 
stigma.— F. stipulata, Thunb. Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vii. 439. 

iy ? ,^ specimen in Herb. F. Mueller, without station, is n * The 
Wide rl creeper." 

. Wa Hunter's river, C. Moo 
The Maid as limited by Piera. bif indk | over the Indian Arehipelago to South 

China, but fruiting specimen: rare in herbaria, and in several localities it is an 
ied plant... Whether the: ‘Australis n specimens are really fndigonons may be in 
some measure uncertain. The closely allied F. erecta, Thunb., sometimes regarded as 
a variety only, extends over Pig Asia genera T 


onulata, F. n Journ. Bot. Neerl 1861, E 


aes. below the leaves, on pedicels i to lis in., am contracted into 
a short neck formed as in F. dde a by the erect braets of the broad 
orifice, becoming at length nearly globular and nearly iy diameter. 
Tries within the receptacle and perianths white-hyali Male flowers 
not seen. Style Aia bronsi with a terminal oblique slightly dilated 
stigma.—F. salicina, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 49. 
N. Australia. iiri and Fitzmaurice rivers, F. Mueller. 
toclada, Benth. A “beautiful tree of about 40 ft." with 


. F. lepto 
E branches, quite glabrous. Leaves Seg nek We acuminate, 
entire, cuneate at the base, 2 to 4 in ae , 2 tol road, not 


rigid ; 
usually solitary, globular, 3 to 4 lines diameter, E bracts of the orifice 
sho t deo ad neck, the external Tb mall and scale-like 
cle. 


dilated at ene apex into a short oblique or almost peltate stigma. 
could find no male flowers in the two receptacles I Low 
ennt Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


ssa, Benth. A tree, quite glabrous. Leaves alternate; 


on dite petioles of $ in. or more, obovate-oblong, about 3 in. long 1 


Sabe Se ENDE 


Ficus.) ÇIX. URTICEZ. 178 


pty : 
those under the flowers small especially in the lower part of the fig. 
Flowers all closely sessile, the males few near the ori ce. Perianth- 
0 in ion 


à wd Mount Elliott, Pitalan.—The i rnal structure of the ss pui 
18 m many respects the same as in F. mollior sedie that of Covellia ; n F. 
depressa there are no setæ between the pan and the foliage is differen t from wie of 

llis, at least as far as it can be ascertained from the hie specimen received by 
post from F. Mueller. 


23. -= philippinensis, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vii. 435. A 
small tree, our specimens quite glabrous Leaves on very short rather 
thick petidles, elliptical or oblong, acuminate, entire, contracted at the 
base, 3 t about 14 in. broad, thin y coriaceous, smooth, 
the principal primary veins rather distant, almost transve erse, promin nent 
underneath as well as the fine smaller veins and transverse reticulations, 


vahid. Family island, Rockingham srek Dallachy. GK inge specimen in 
Her F. "Muell ller, but quin similar to Archi ipelago specimens. e extends 
porthward to the rede’ islands, and is also in New Caledonia 


9 F l 
eh and pude of "m leaves i pubescent or villous. 
ong, E 
smooth A the váther distant primary vein transverse reticula- 


tions prominent underneath, with 1 or som otimies 2 pait rs of basal veins, 
oblique but arial finer than some of the primary ved higher up. 


Receptacles on pe uncles of 1 to 2 lines, axillary, ducens or in pairs, 
globul 


ular or somewhat obovoid, 4 to 5 lines ee shortly villous, the 
external subtending bracts small and scale-lik ose round the ori 
sometimes protruding almost as much as i n F. aspera. „Perianths nd 


174 CIX. URTICER. [.Ficus. 


inner bracts dark brown as in Urostigma. Male flowers very few 
amongst the larger bracts near the orifice, the 3 oe -lobes broad 
and enveloping each other, cte rd a single stamen as in Covellia. 
emale flowers intermixed wit e long rigid hairs or sete rof the 
receptacle as in F. colossea, the per rM ents narrow and unequal, 
scarcely ete a ovary. Style short, glabrohs; with a terminal 
concave rpg 
sland. Bode tad; bay, Dallachy. 


25. F. stenocarpa, F. Muell. Herb. A tree, apparently Dann 
glabrous, but all parts especially the leaves very scabrous, ae 


fully as large, all mela scabrous like the rest of the plant. "Outer 
bracts scale-like on the peduncle below the receptacle. Perianths in 
Mn sexes ieu gore as well as the bracts, the aum oblong, the 
bracts rather broad or fringed. Stamens usuall a ending in à 
vein hirsute un obtuse and coloured towards the 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy; Fitzroy island, rai 


era, Forst. Prod. 76. A tree, sometimes described as 

small, s fes es as attaining 80 to 100 ft., the young branches petioles 
and ele Ae hispid with short hairs. Leaves on short petioles, 
oblans ellie. MOTEN, primine, often oa spate above the 
middle, roun ue and sometimes emarginate at the base. 
3 to 6 in. mea A “th to 2 rood broad, very scabrous Sone pubescent oF 
ispid underneath, the primary dive ergent veins distant and prominent 
underneath as well as the transverse reticulations, the basal pair of 


the cadi near the pot of dii padianels sina hispid, with gree? 
tips very deciduous. Male flowers numerous intermixed with the 


Perianth stipitate, with 5 orÓ n concave segments. 
Blamer 2 to 4; eri -cells uet 6 one often abortive in 1 or 2 of 
the stamens. Fem a peint s on & shorter stipes. S. glabrous 


with a terminal MU or slightly peltate stigma.—Miq. i n Hook 

Lond. Journ. vii. 425 ‘ 
Queensland. rake river, Moreton bay, A. Cunningham, Leichhardt, Fe 

Mueller, and others 


Ficus, | CIX. URTICER. 175 


s. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Woolls, Miss Atkinson ; 
oiu s river, R. Brow Maitland, Backhouse ; Clarence d Hastings rivers, 
w Englan : Sturt; southward to Illaw npn ncc and 


ubglabra. rpm of the receptacle so short as to he tates at vin sight 
Sein n. Brisbane river, F. Mueller; Hunter's river, R. Brown 


eth with few distant primary veins, and 3-nerved from the 
prominence of the basal pair, the vetivaldté veinlets fine and little con- 
u i a 


pubescent, Su nae bracts smal m scale- like, 1 or 2 usually on 
d peri i 


peltate stigm 
. . Lond. diim: vii. 196 ud Hei not pare so "hend 
and F. Bee kla j| Miq. in Journ. Bot, Neerl 1861, 241 (as to the 
N. ^ dude epee es). 
a. Careening bay, Hevlerhy. i ind and Denies A N.W. 
Cond, ri ose Bai King ud nd, H: Hugha ; Nichol bay, Gregory's Expedition ; 
Victoria and Fitzmaurice rivers, P. Mueller ; Port Darwin, Suits, n. i. 307. 


+ aculea 
tall Shrub , Very pont ‘allied oF : P. orbicularis and per erha aps a variety, 
e 


_ tomentose, the margins more aculeate. Receptacles rather larger and 
Pa MEINT ST piper or hirsute, on exceedingly short peduncles, 

uth Goulburn island, A + Cunningham; Nichol bay, Ridley's 
RS ee ; Kings Sound and Collier bay, ‘Chapman 

Var. mi F. micracantha, Miq. in Ann. 
Mus. Laat Bat. ii 221. "Iolandsof the Gulf espina R. Brown, Hen nue, Gul- 
. liver ; Cairncross island, Z, Mueller. 


29. F. sita, Miq. in Hook, Lond. Journ. vii. 426. A tall shrub or 
. Small tr BAL ha Tout Brkiehof and underside of the leaves softly and 
. den ia pubescent. Leaves mostly opposite, exceedingly v variable in 
. Size and shape, in the typical specimens broadly cordate-ovate and 
. about 2 in. long on deber s not exceeding $in., in others ovate, ovate- 
1 oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 8in. long, on petioles of 4 to lin., 


176 CIX. URTICEÆ. [ Ficus. 


all obtuse or acuminate, entire or very slightly RON e dug C very 
scabrous Mw distantly penniveined with the lowest pair starting 
from very near the or: " transverse veinlets and EA EORR pro- 
minent unde E; e barren branches the leaves are hastately 
9-lobed with 1 Gag. poe eatttral por 2 short lateral lobes. 


Cent ts u laity at some distance from the fig, but saset aloit to it. 
Flowers entirely those of F. orbiculata.—F. indecora, Miq. in Journ. 
Bot. Neerl. 1861, 242, as to the.specimens from Clarence river. 
Queensland. rod sap: and Shoalwater bays and Broad Sound, R. Brown ; e 
river, Priest Rodd’ A. Cunningham; estuary of the Burdekin, F. Mueller 
me Denison, Fitzalan ; Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; Rockhampton, Bowman. 
. S. Wal New England, C. Stuart; Clarence river, Beckler. 


0. F. scobina, Benth. A shrub or small tree of 8 to 20 ft., re- 


4 ? 

and irregularly bii tee at the end, the At primary Veins 
and transverse reticulate veinlets prominent underneath, without any 
distinct basal pair of veins. Mi ga mostly solitary, globose, the 
largest on our specimens 4 lines diameter, scabrous like the rest of the 
plant, but without hairs, the iod Wi ts small and scale-like, either 
close under the r receptacle or along the short pene: e flowers 
nt near the orifice. Perianth-segments of both sexes narrow an 

ual, and as well as the bracts white-hyaline as in F. orbiculata. 
ecc 1 with a large peeled anther, and sometimes a ed smaller 


one. Style glabrous, with a terminal ene or i vel stigma. 
N. Australia. Lizard island, € ningham ; sington, Lei Mardi; 
ih Darwin n, rne . 6, 410, 499.— -although wird de some sapeva 2A e three 


short petioles, s, that it can scarcely be det ered as a variety only, ce dia vote identi ntiy it 
with any of the Indian scabrous species to which it bears some resembla: 


= a —Male perianth of 3 or 4 broad E 
i tin 
out 


la 
few hairs, short, with a peltate or oblique stigma. Leaves sal hg 
the stipular scar prominent. Receptacles chiefly on the old wo 
31. F. hispida, Linn. f. Suppl. 449. A small tree, remarkable for 
the young branches, when luxuriant, very hollow and contracted at tlie 


Ficus.) ,* CIX. URTICEZ. 177 


anden; wes foliage and branches more or less sprinkled or covered with 
shor airs. Leaves all opposite, broadly riens een or 


erneath, the primary veins distant, prominent underneath as well 

as the transverse veinlets, the basal ies died oblique. Receptacles either 
in pairs in the lower axils or more frequently in leafless clusters or 
se olin. 


diameter, * white," more or less hirsute. Male flowers amongst the 
larger bracts near the orifice, the segments brown-hyaline, very broad, 
each one completely enveloping the next in the bud. Female perianth 


38 ; Covellia oppositifolia Gan, du diy ia iyaka quoted 
P Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 296. 
ustralia. Brien ck Bay, N. W. t, A. Cunnin 
nsla nd. Northu saben islands jut Broad Soun i pi Brown joiner in 
but VR this species); Rockingham and Edgecombe bays, D 


Wanie el iptical, } scebrilial sinuate-crenate, rounded 


contracted or slightly Seale at e base, 8 to 10 in. long and 4 tod 
broad in some specimens, much smaller in others, the distant primary 


and often depressed at the dite Bracts within the reri 
inute excepting near the orifice. Male flowers few under the inner- 
most developed d miy like those of F. hispida. Female 


pem genos Fitzroy river, Bowman, Thozet, Dallachy. 
one Leaves here and there Spposite and branch hollow as d £ 
hing t with the small 6-ribbed receptacles of F. fascicu 
NA river, Dallachy. 
. 838. F. casearia, F. Muell. Herb. A tree with a broad 
head, quite glabrous. Leaves alternate, on petioles of } to To jms or onis 
_ or elliptical, acuminate, entire, rounded or cun — — 
: v in. long, 13 to 2} in. broad, membranous, not scabrous, the TE 
p pr "uii veins distant, slightly prominent dudes) the ved voli ne 


178 CEXISURTICE@> =< [ Ficus. 


pair very iit or obsolete, the smaller veins and transverse reticulations 


very fine or inconspicuous. Stipules rather long, acuminate, deciduous 
Receptacles usually below the jevo nearly sessile or on peduncles 
ines, apparently obovoid when ng, depressed-globular 

ll grown, and attaining about j in. diameter, quite € 


10 aast aid. Rockingham Bay, Dallachy ; Fitzroy fa me oe ik iste river, 
Herb. Delesse tt. F. Mueller distinguishes two forms, 7" casearia, with obovoid pedun- 
lochidioides, with almost sessile depressed-globular ones ; but 

cimens are intermediate as to the peduncles, and the s of the rec ceptacles 
dash. doors upon age; the foliage and internal structure of. the figs is precisely 
the same in both. The speci in very near F. fasciculata in the ribbed receptacles, 
but the =i is very differen 


AN. Australia. i Vibe river F M "m 
Fe seg Bar De Northumberiand ‘islands, R. Brown; Port € Fitzalan; Rock- — 
i Bay, Dallachy; Rockhampton, Bowman, Thozet, D allachy 


The speci: ommon in vids ric es soil in Ea st is and aa een v" 
the Indian Archipelago under some other name, if I a really correct in referring , the 
— plant to the Indian species. Ihave not aducteded | in detecting any tangi 
differe: 


9. CUDRANIA, Trec. 


the lt i more or less fleshy. Male ist of 40 


a 
segments, dilated and dels at the apex. Stamens 4 or 5, flame ents - 
ened i 


4 segments imbricate in the bu tyle simple, with a filiform ste 
Fruit a onmi formed of the enlarged somewhat fleshy perianths 3 


oT ae 


8 


EI un So PORT PR PRI RE 


Cudrania. | CIX. URTICER. 179 


receptacle. Nuts free but enclosed within the Durex and aas 
immersed in the receptacle, ra ericarp crustaceous. See 
lobular, the testa membranous; albumen very rian or none. ‘Coty: 

edons broad and thick, folded ia over the ias incurved radicle.—More or 
less climbing shrub, often armed with axilla 

aves alternate. Flower-heads axillary. ` 

he genus is probably limited to a single species, Sane from Eastern Africa 
over East India and the Archipelago id north ward to Jap: 


P X: t3 ^ 


C. javanensis, Zrecul in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, viii. 193, "i shrub 


0 
niveined adi aen but the veins pogi not prominent cam 


ing slightly tomentose.—Bureau in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 5, xi. 3 
the several synonyms addu dal; Maclura err Miq.; ume 
e ae ii. 88, t. 31; Morus calcar -galli, A. Cunn : 
and. Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, A. robe P ; Rock- 
hampton, O Shaneey Stewart's Creek, Bowman ; Rockingham Bay, [A wd Mackay 
river, Sutherlan 
; . S. Wales. Cabramatta and Hunter’s river, Woolls ; Sydney woods, Paris Ex- 
| hibition 1855, [on n, 76; Kiama, Harvey. 


6. ANTIARIS, Leschen. 


of several bracts, in irregular rows, adnate ovary and closely 
- combined in an ovoid m ass, the tips alone free, without we E 
1 peus Style divided nearly to the base into 2 long filiform stigmatic 
. branches. Ovule e pendulous. Fruit consisting of the rini more or 
i succulent involucre and pericarp. Seed. pendulous, with a crus- 


testa and no albumen. Embryo straight, with M plano- 
convex cotyledons, and a sh superior radicle. —Trees or shru 

a milky juice. Leaves alternate, distichous. Stipules small, decidtious. 
Bisai axillary. 

The genus consists of few species natives, of tropical Asia and Africa and of the 
ands of the South Y TA 2 ncludes the celebrated Upas ime of the Archipelago. 
ustralian species, in as far as known, appears to be endem 
_ 1. A. macrophylla, R. Br. in Flind. Voy. ii. - t. 5. A tall shrub 
9r very small much branched tree, quite glabrou don es broadly 

: : t ly am 


180 .CIX. URTICER. [ Antiaris. 


1 
 Ylower-heads several on a very short common um e, the lowest 
female, the others male, on short pedicels. Male receptacle flat or con- 
cave, about 5 eet diameter, em marginal bracts ciliate, at first inflexed, 


ei Australia. Shores of Company's Island opposite Arnhem's Land, Æ. Brown. 

—I have found no are of this plant in any of the herbaria I have had access 
to, and bise therefore no means of comparing it with the closely allied WC 
cies. e above —— is taken from Brown's elaborate account and Daue 

plate in Flinders’ Voyag 


TRIBE 3. Monzu.—Flowers unisexual, in dense spikes or heads. 
biüinens inflected in the bud. Styles usually 2-branched. Ovules 
pendulous or laterally attached. Embryo incurved or involute. Trees | 

or shrubs, very rarely herbs. 


7. MALAISIA, Blanco. 
(Cephalotropis, Blume; Dumartroya, Gaudich.) . 


Flowers dicecious, the males in oblong or cylindrical spikes, the — 
females i in globular heads on a small e Male perianth deni P 
ivided into 8 or 4 lobes or segments, valvate in the bud. Stamens 
9 or 4, the filaments quac d, inflected i in the bud. Female perian 
urceolate, with a small orifice, enclosing the ovary. Style with 2 elon- 


a milky jul aves a ay usua 
deciduous. Thlireatnéo axill 

The genus appears to be limited to = state Australian species, qe over te 
Indian Archipelago and Bladds of the South Pacific to the Philippine 


y entire. Stipules smat, 


concave, the prominent dorsal pubescent gibbosities densely imbricate. Sd. 
Flowers mostly rudimentary, only 2 or 3 in the head perfect, conce 


Maluisia. | CIX. URTICE®: 181 


under r hits except the iia filiform’ exserted style-branches.— 
Bureau in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 5, xi. 369, with the following Australian 
besides several. other Eua t Cunningham sei in n "o 


: ETE, od Dürvii, Schultz, n. eh 
Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton Ba Xu Cunnin gham, F. Mueller, and 
diis. anse to Rockhampton, Rockingham and "Edge mbe Ba 8, cr the Burdekin, 
F. Mueller e t, Peu ar one and be scab Wide Bay, idwi 


N.. S. Wales. Cam r, €. Mo oore; Richmond river, Henders ; Dla- 
warra, Bort : ORO a "Hl n the Colonists, 'F. Mueller; larence river,  Beckler 
(with acuminate Paice sometimes bi near the apex and 3 to 4 in. long); Lo 

owe's Island, €. Moore (with large ovate acuminate or ovate-lanceolate leaves d 


remarkably large reg nike the Somalia not seen). 


8. PSEUDOMORUS, Bureau. 


led 

ats ab radicle incumbent, ascending.—Tree or shrub with a ar 
Juice. Leaves alternate. Stipules small, fs pies Inflorescences 
axillary. 


The genus is limited to the single Australian species, which extends into New Cale- 

donia and Norfolk Island. 

- Brunoniana, Bureau in / Ana. Se. Nat. ser. 5, xi. 872. ` A tall 
hitch or small tree, attaining sometimes 20 or 40 ft., glabrous or nearly 

80. soon very shortly petiolate, vnd ovate-lanceolate or lanceo- 


slightly da ree on the underside sa ects on the nerves an nd so e- 
times scabrous above. Spikes solitary in the axils, € or body 


pedunculate, the males not abo in. long in the m jority of the 
Australian specimens, but: in a few s e and capil i the 
Norfolk Island variety lengthe ening t even 3 in. nth- 
Segments about 4 line long. Female died very small, mes diit 


taining only 3 or 4 foward each within a minute ract. Berries 


hy 

Brunoniana, Endl. Atakta, t. 32; M. pendulina, F. Bauer, n Endl, 

Prod. Fl. Norf, 40 ; Streblus Brunoniana and S. pendulina, p Muell. 
Fragm.-vi. 192. 

BA Brisbane river, Moreton Bay, A. Cunningham, 9 Mueller, wil 


a 
182 CIX. URTICER, [ Pseudomorus. 


others; Rockham O’ Sha: owman; Rockingham Bay, Dallachy; also in 
Leichhardts co inapi and onn Woods, London Exhibition 1862, W. Hil, 


es. —A Woolls ; northward to Macleay E Met rivers, 


Wal 
Beier; New — den : sonthw ard to Ilaw: warra, A. Cunningham, re 
Clarence and Ri end LE Lo ondon bation 1862, id Moore. n. 38.—" 
by the dici for boomerangs,"' F. Mueller. 


9. FATOUA, Gaudich. 


anther-cells parato. DUERME. pistil very small. Female 


pendulous ; testa membranous ; albumen y anaes o curved, 
with broad flat equal cotyledons, and a lon hitunent radicle. weer 
herbaceous, Leaves alternate, toothed. Viowarihéáds axillary. 
The genus consists of the single Australian species d pret the Indian Asa 
pelago and the South Bon Islands, extending northward to Jap 


long, more or less pu dh add scabrous on both si es. Stipules 


ovate or lanceolate, ichs to 3 lines vis d and remaining long persistent, - 
but sometimes small o decid Flower-heads sho ortly cts : 


Mahd 
culate and usually jit in the axis 2 to 3 lines diameter. 
small, membranous. us e flowers Foug n females almost 


synonyms adduced. 
N. Australia. Port Essington, Armstrong. 


Trt BE 4. Evurticr®.—Flowers unisexual, in cymes clusters p 
Tv Ta heads. Stamens inflected in the bu d. Styles : 


The Order Urticer is T Tute to this tribe, but none of the characte given 
pater and the habit is not always distinct. us Fatoua in that respect ne 
sembles sev eral Huurtwee, Elatostemma has the pari y of Area pád, Pse 
turus are very ' nearly allied to each other, 


SUBTRIBE l. PnocniDEX.—Plants not stinging. Female perianth ; 


deeply lobed. 


Be * 
udo — 


NEN 


SERERE TRE ONSE RON 


Hlatostemma. | CIX: URTICEZE. 183 


10. ELATOSTEMMA, Forst. 


wers moneecious or diccious, in Mery unisexual heads, the re- 
ac usually flat or concave, surrounded by an involuere óf several 


ments more or less adnate to the segments, ihe c central r antary 

iege usually very small; anthers Ie parallel cells ud back to back. 

emale perianth minute, of 3 4 segments. Stigma sessile, 

tufted. Nut ovate, slightly compr ress HE erbs rarely shrubby x n 
bite: hal 


he genus is spread over the pce and telnet ire regions ud pi iia World. The 

two Australian species appear endem mic, although closely allied to one or two 

common Asiatic and Sro Bea stand species. The distinctive characters in the genus 
are very uncertain and d 


c 
oO 


Coarse plant. s 3 to 6 in. long. Male heads À to 1 in 
diameter. Females on short pesca or seri sessile . . 1. E. reticulatum. 
Slender plant. Leaves 1 to 2i long. M heads 2 to 3 lines ie 
Females on slender rw ks . 2. E.stipitatum. 


l. E. reticulatum, Wedd. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 4, i. 188, Monogr. Urt. 
302, and in DC. Prod. — i.176. A coarse straggling herb, the stems 
often food at the base, attaining 1 to 2 ft. and sometimes branched, 

ing at in the t pical form either quite glabrous or with a fow 
ad ae on pn midrib of the leaves underneath. Leaves usually 3 


to 9 pr 
side, the lower ones not at all or cue more Mii than the suc- 


the tolo of 4 or 5 acute or acuminate bracts nearly as long as 
the flowers. Perianth about 1 line long, of 5 broad segments. Female 
heads more globular, rarely above 3 or 4 lines diameter and the in- 
| Volucre much shorter. Nuts about $ line long, Sip ori: at the base 

‘almost into a stipes as long as the minute piu 

Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton Ba sis 

ales. Hunter's river, [jc ue Ag nd river, Henderson ; Clarence 

iw ‘and Mount Lindsay, Beckler ; New England, C. Stuart; Illawarra, A. Cunning 
ham, Backhouse 

Var. pubescenti-hirta, from the brush of Kiri, Leichhardt. 


/ 


184 CIX. URTICEJE. [ Elatostemma. 
Var. sessile. Male flower-heads sessile or eid so, but with the leaf-venation and 
iie: surface of Æ. reticulatum.—Macleay river, Beckler 
sire aves 6 to 8 in. ung and b Broader t van e the other M quur Flower- 
heideon n long Cirta .—E. sessile var. grande, W n DC. Prod. = 418.— 
Lord Howe’s isla net "Milne , M'Gillivray, €. Moore. 


I have little doubt but that all the Mei belong to one species, SA is allied to the 
E. sessile, Forst., o the South Sea islands, but without the marked almost triplinerved 
venation of that species. Fed de approach to it is in some of the leaves of t e Lord 
Howe's island plants, but ev s shorte 
= and the peduncles are » cu aiot long. The Macleay river specimens hari the 

e heads, but not the leaf-venation of Æ. sessile; its male flowers are 5-merous, not 


wintm 
> 


2. E. stipitatum, Wedd. in Ann. Sc. ves ser. 4, i. 190; Monog 


322, t. 9 D, f£. 11-16, and in DC. Prod. xvi. i. 186. A ‘small V edd 
diffuse or prostrate herb, the stems sim ivi or branched, rooting at the 
base, a few inches or rarely nearly a foot long. Leaves quite sessile, 


vlt as well as the stems more or less hispid. ower-heads Pul T 
pedunculate, the pat 2 to 8 lines or very rarely nearly 4 lines diameter, 
e much narrower than in Æ. reticulatum. Flowers nearly as m 


that species. Female heads still smaller. 
N. S. Wales. Hastings and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; Mount Lindsay, W. Hil. 


SuB E 2. Borumertz£.—Plants not stinging. Female pe 
dide ‘isha tubular "n winutely "vd enclosing or din » the 
ovary, or rarely minute or no 


1l. BOEHMERIA, Jacq. 


Flowers moncecious or diccious, in globular usually unisexual 
gne. math small scarious bracts. Male e perianth of 4, rarely 3 or 5, 
r lobes, valvate in the bud. Stamens as many as periant th- 

MN pom a central clavate or globose rudimentary pistil. Female 
tubular, compressed, more or less dilated below, usually 

tracted at the orifice, w ith a 2- or 4-toothed border. Nut dry, in included 
in the persistent eM free or more or JE adnate to it, sessile OF 


more or less X llela C Rd or sma we inves alts ade : 
oS petiolate, ‘eats toothed, Biipules usually deciduous. 
lower-clusters axillar , either sessile and solitary or in simple inter- 
nicles. 


rupted spikes or short ranched ^ 


e genus is pe over the tropical a subtropical regions of both the New cd 5 


The 
the Old World. cies as as yet been detected on the main land of Australia ; 
subjoined one is endemic in Lord Howe's island. 

1. B. calophleba, F. Muell. e vii. 11. A bushy shrub of 
6 to 8 ft., the branches minutely pubescent with appressed a 
Leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, somewhat acuminate, obtusely 


T 


E 


Boehmeria.] CIX. URTICER. 185. 


h 

neck minutely 4- toothed at the orifice. Nut sessile and completely 
enclosed in the perianth but free from it, the linear e sistent hirsute 
style protruding to about the length of the perianth itse 

N. S . Lord Howe's island near the base of Mount Li ingbird and sides of 
p rahe etn q vi m e.—The "i teness of the underside of the leaves recalls that of 
B.n but in t shape as well as in the inflorescence ge species is h more 
sid “allied to sn Norfolk island m. australis, Endl. 


12. PIPTURUS, Wedd. 


bed or stigma hirsute ne side, and deciduous after flowering. 
Fruit forming a small eid s globular REND) the slightly 
tboil perianths, however, quite distinct at the Seeds with a 
very scanty albumen.— Trees or tall shrubs. Prec alternate, entire 
or toothed, often white underneath, 3- or 5-nerved. Stipules axillary, 
deeply bifid, deciduous.  Flower-clusters axillary, solitary, or in 
un spikes 
he genus comprises E few species, dispersed over the Indian Archipelago, the 

Pacific Selenide: and the Mascarene group. ‘The only Australian species has the general 


LP) argenteus, Wedd.in DO. Prod. xvi. i, 995". A tree usually 
small but sometimes attaining 50 ft., the young branches and under- 
side of the leav ves ayi or white with a bere Fans tum. Leaves on 


and € erigi “dry in ried specimens.— Urtice argenteis 


Pont’ Prod ; R. propinquus, Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 447, t. 15 
Que vx pone. ead, 4. Cunningham ; Daw r, F. Mueller; Fitzro 
island, pre vray, C. Moore, ve others; Cape Yo. M Kennedy disci 
Daintree oak ham Bay, Dallachy ; j Bookham mpton, Dallachy, Bowman, Thoz 
N. S. W Richmond Pim 
The nedar is alle i in the Indian Pikea and in the Pacific islands. 


186 CIX: URTICEÆ. [ Pouzolsia, 


13. POUZOLSIA, Gaudich. 
(Memorialis, Ham.; Gonostegia, Turcz.; Hyrtanandra, Miq.) 


owers moncecious or ius b dicecious, in sessile usually androgynous 


Flay with small us 
segments, valvate in the pe 
or obovoid rudimentary eui. d perianth usually ovate, con- 
tracted at the orifice, with a 2- or 4-toothed border, often enlarged in 
uit and sometimes winged but not succulent. Nut enclosed in the 

s 


jp Male perianth of 4 or 5 lobes or 
B 


IT 
© 
"3 
á 
= 
c 
e 
> 
ln 
= 
Y 
un 
mt 
i=] 
me 


opposite, entire or ver rely toothed. Sti ales Troe; usually per- 
sistent. Flower-clusters sxillaty, solitary or in interrupted spikes. 
The genus is spread over the — — of both the New and the Old World. 
_ them 


Australian species are both o Indian and paler the two sections 
into which t nus ide "m hic have pted as genera by 
ell as well as by several other botanists. I have, hawisie followed F. Muell 
reuniting them, the sole character derived from the sha male perianth is 
of litt impertance, and the ueteri in habit, di ipod marked i in the typical beh 
of each section, do not run thro e whole of the 


. Secr. 1. bidet iii i jei concave at the top, but rounded and 


mC VUC. 


_ Stems diffuse. Leaves all alternate . . . . . . . . 1. P indica. 


` Secr. 2, Memorialis.—Male perianth-segments abruptly bent in near the top, 
with an acute transverse e orei angle. 


Stems elongated. Lower leaves opposite . . > . . .2. P quinquenervis. 


Sect. 1. Povzorst I4.— Male perlanth- segments concave at the top 
but rounded A obtuse on the back, giving the whole perianth à 
globular fo 


1. P. eine Catch Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 898, t. 18, and in DC. 
Prod. xvi. i. 220, tetraptera subvar. pentandra, Wi " 
perennial with the habit of a Parictaria, more or less iei ee or hir- 
sute, the stems usually from 6 in. to 1 ft. long. Leaves alternate or the 


lower ones rarel gen. shortly petiolate, ovate, acute, entire, we E 
times all u nder arely near ly lin. long, 3-nerve d, with the latera. 


long, sometimes ovoid and equally 8- or 10-ribbed, Pu others in in 
same axils with 4 of the ribs produced into FEMME ings, Nuts blac 
arnhemi Muell. Fragm. i 


. Austr teli js Range, Wilson; Sunday island, t iwi esa 
Queensland. erri de bay, Dallac hy. 


cT $ iai is DAE in East India and e Archipelago, with the male up bad et i 


8. e Sea Range specimens correspond to ^ ho P. procumbens, 
2099, n. n. 35 eg the y RN, Wight Ic. t. 2100, n. 43, the ier with 10-ribbe bed, the 


latter with item fruiting perianths, bot h correctly ot by Weddell to P. indica, 4 


FeO 7 99 3 a P Ert eere eO REUS 


Pouzolsia. | CIX; URTICER. 187 


and although both are pouty described. as having 4-merous male flowers, Blume, Mus 

Bot. ii. 231, erp rae! says that cumbens is usually 5-merous, though sometimes 

4-merous. The gle Rockingham Bay specimen has rather larger leaves, the ore 
b 4 


Ww 8 pe 

some of the male flowers 3-androus or gie oh iting periant € 
canines, with a esr p n Mri uma id containing a a T un SE Shoul 
the 5-me vd 


Lo Bl., be on y erous varieti is 
Pariet ria oppositifolia, 2: Ma ell. esi ^ a appears to me to be a young 
lites speci of Pouzolsia indica var. alienata, Wedd., with E of the raus 
apposite, Mi. A d 8e, dd or broadly c oria at the base. Very similar s specim 
ur occasionally amongst the Indian o 


SE . MEMonrALIS, Ham.—Male perinsiti le alid abruptly 
bent in near the top, with an acute transverse pace angle, giving a 
perfectly flat or concave t to the cor 


2. P. quinquenervis, Benn. Pl. Jav 66. A perennial with 
que nding or erect stems i: 9f. ft. or more [y NOM branched except at 
e base, quite glabrous or the angles of the stems and margins and 
cala of the leaves very slightly popora Leaves on very short 
petioles or Popii sessile, the lower ones apain y^ xà r ones 


3- or 5-nerve ; the upper ones often smaller per vae ires , but 
not reduced to small adis as in some species. Flower-clusters rather 
loose, the two sexes usually mixed but in different pro rtions in 
different specimens. Male perianth IAM a i pes diameter, with a 
concave almost saucer-like A road apex, u we 5-merous. Female 

uiting perianth with 3 or 4 rarely 2 or 5 aa rU ipe and 
quite i wen Nut Bee smooth and shining.—Jf: aque- 
nervis, Ham.; Wedd. i DC. Prod. xvi. i. Sd Hoods, js d 
or Memorialis lythroides, T. Muell. Fragm. 94. 

Queensland. La agoons, Rockingham bay, Dad! ; table-land of South Alligator 
river aid. Upper Lind river. . Leichha rdt. 

The species is also in Sikkim, Khasia and Nepal. It is closely allied to the common 
P. hirta, differi riug in being much more glabrous, the petioles "a shorter or cxi 

1 


any, and the wings of the fruiting perianth opaque and apparently veinless. I o 
very near to M. Ee a, Benn., and aquatica, ia 1 in ys au 
leaves bein ng reduced to small bracts. With regard to the | (or ric) 


name, if it be t thought that that of Memorialis, Ham., was eerie published i 
Wallich’s Catalogue, that of Gonostegia, Turez., would take precedence over Miquel 
Hyrtanandra. 
14. PARIETARIA, Linn. 
(Freirea, Gaud.) 
Flowers polygamous, in axillary cymes often reduced to loose 
clusters, the external bracts more or less united at the base. Perianth 


lobes, with as man ny stamens, in the females with a more deve 
tube and smaller lobes without stamens. Ovary in the irod 


1838 CIX. URTICER. Le 


and female flowers free within the perianth-tube, in the males rudi- 
mentary. Style filiform or very short, with a densely tufted linear- 
athulate recurved stigma, deciduous after flowering. Nut enclosed in 


the variously enlarged perianth, that of the hermaphrodite flowers 
usually cylindr rival, not su a | —Annual or perennial much-branched 
erbs, pubescent with more or less prehensile hooked hairs. Leaves 


alternate, entire, 3-nerved or ML Stipules none. 
® The genus is ge cup over the greater part of the globe, the only Australian species 
ihe one of the widest range. 
P. debilis, Forst. Prod. 73. A diffuse more or less pubescent 
doy annual of 6 in. to above 1ft. Leaves on slender petioles, 
ovate or cordate, phe or acuminate, membran n both 


o 

=] 
iuis 
: © 
oO 

B 

et 


sometimes 3 only. raia pics éveil - of v d rs 
maphrodite flower, although «rans a Pe 
; 


asm. i. 9344; Wedd. in DC. Brod: xvi. i 235° squ -— 
Hook. f. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 985; Freirea disteni Nees in P 
Preiss. i. 638. 
N. Australia. Sea Range, F. Mueller. 
Queensland, Brisbane river, Darebin creek, and Buchan river, F. Mueller ü 
. Argyle county, 4 rg ingham ; Hunter’s river, Miss Scott ; 
Shorihaven nen guiies C. Moore; New England, C. S : 
n fissures of rocks, F. ‘Malet; Carling creek, Robertson; Little river, 
Plager Vo Murray — Dallachy. ssland, 
Launceston and various places along the coast, Gunn ; Flinders istan 
Milligan s Yi King’s island F. Mueller Lake 
t. Vincent’s gulf F. Mueller; Gawler ranges, Sullivan ; 
Gillies, Burkitt; Kan aroo i SAM , F. Mueller. d 
ustralia. Bid , Drum koka i coll. n. 134, eon jek an 
Kalgan rivers, (Olaf; ‘Oldfield’ river, Miisan: veda island, Preiss 
The s s spread over the tropical and temperate regions both of Ko s 
the Old Wor Hd, with the rius of Europe d Northern Asia. It was distinguis "n 
by Gaudi chaud generically from the peer P. officinalis, under the name of Fi fu 
on account of its sessile stigma, a character which however does py DE ood in 
P. mauritanica, which is in other respects p closely allied to P. debi. 


15., AUSTRALINA, Gaudich. 
the 


Flowers moncecious, in the same or different axillary clusters, x 
males few together (1 to 5) sessile on a very short common pedune | 
the females sessile or on very short pedicels. oe ae ie y 
bilabiate, the outer lip infexed in th out an 
rudimentary pistil. Female perianth ovoide, preii E d 
Ovary enclosed in the perianth but free, with a linear style v0? — 


ae APT e eee 


Australina. | CIX. URTICER, 189 


especially on one side and persistent. Nut enclosed in the persistent 
perianth.—Diffuse or prostrate branching perennial dd with the. 
habit of Parietaria. Leaves petiolate, alternate or arely oppose, 
crenate or obtusely toothed, membranous, 3-nerved. Stipule ules small. 
Besides me: tein species, one of which is also in New Zealand, "nt is a third 
in UM 
Stem Pen IM, Leaves bie mostly 2 to 4 lines diameter ^ A. seen 
ie ascending. Leaves, except the lowest, ovate, 1 to 2 in. long . 2. A. Muelleri 


l. A. pusilla, Gaudich. in Freye. Voy. Bot. 505. Stems filiform, 
creeping along or hanging from rocks, usually under ‘6 in. 1 D d 
ines 


diameter or rarely 4 in. when very luxuria ale flowers solitary 
2 toget er on a common peer about as lon e perianth, which 


od. xvi. i. 235°; Urtica "ril Poin Dict. t Sup. iv. 924; 
Australina Nove Zelandie and A. Tasmanica, Hook. £. Fl. Nov . Zel. 
i n 
ania. Circular Head and banks of the aedis Gunn; Macquarrie Harbour 

id. Hampshire hills, Milligan; South Port, C. Stua 

e species is also in New Zealand preserving eA same characters. I find in — 
axils 2 male peduncles each bearing 2 flowers and only 1 or 2 females, in others 
females and a à singlo male 1-flowered peduncle, or sometimes t he axils are wholly s 
or wholly fem 


A. Muelleri, Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 545, and in DC. Prod. xvi. 
E ogee A much stouter plant than A. pusilla, creeping at the base, 


with ascending or erect stems of 6 in. to 1 ft., a few of the lower leaves 
sometimes small and diodi, but those 3 the Fidis stems always 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or almost acute, coarsely crenate- 
toothed, 1 to 14 in. long. Male peduncles slit bearing 2 to 4 flowers 
all ee. in a whorl so as to resemble a flower, the perianth 
gre more hirsute than in A. p e flowers in dense 


ener 
sessile clüdteb, often numerous, in separate axils or on separate plants 
m the males, or rarely 1 or 2 in the male axils. Fruiting erianth 
} to $ li ine long.— Urtica Tasmanica, F. Muell. First Gen. Rep. 18 (as to 
the e Victorian plant , 
ctoria. Buffalo di Dandenong Ranges, Mount Disappointment, Delatite po 
Apollo Bay, etc., F. Mueller; who considers this as a variety only of A. seis but I 


ave seen no connecting form. 
SunTRIBE 9. UnxnEx.—Plants more or less armed with stinging 


hairs, Female perianth 4-lobed, 2 opposite lobes usually larger than 
the 2 others 


190 CIX. URTICEJ. ^. [Urtica. 


16. URTICA, Linn. 


Flow moncecious or dicecious, clustered but distinct. Male 
peraith [^ Riesed-plobilaz in the bud, deeply divided into 4 concave 
nearly equal segments. Stamens 4; with a small rudimentary pistil. 
Anthers oblong-reniform. Female perianth with 2 outer segments 
A smaller than the 2 inner, which become Vno de and ovate beg 


sprinkled or covered with yr stinging hairs. Leaves opposite, 
toothed, 5- 7- or rarely ped ed. Stipules interpatiolar, free or the 2 
on each side united into one. ower-clusters in axillary simple or 


branched interrupted apes or panicles, shorter than the leaves, and 
often shorter than the petioles. 

The is widely spread over the extra-tropical regions of both the northern an nd 
southern yetirnberen i in the New as well as the Old World, more rare within the tropics. 
The only indigenous Australia apu We is also in New Zealand, and is a close repre- 

- sentative da à common northern one. 
Perennial. Male and female flowers in distinct inflorescences 1. U. incisa. 
Annual Male and female flowers in the same inflorescences. . . .*2. U. urens. 


l. U. incisa, Poir. ; Wedd DC. Prod. xvi. i. 52, A perennial, 
with stems usually weak or dec batt at the base, sometimes slender 
and rarely 1 ft. long, sometimes trailing to the length of 10 or 12 ft, 
p ‘between the stinging hairs. aves usually on long petioles, 
Tanceolate or almost linear, acute, deeply toothed, somewhat cordate at _ 
the base and 1 to 3in. long, rarely ovate-lanceolate. Inflorescence 
usually simple or branching into 2 at the very base, the males mostly 
as long as or longer than the petiole, e clusters eie uet lengthening 
into short branches, the females shorter and more dense, but in some 
specimens the female inflorescences are jt ng, slender, and branched, in 


DONE UMS mU ved c MI 


ASF iE lioe eii. 


1 line diameter, labrous or slightly prahcqus; Eum dis smaller 
en 


Baa ae 


when in fl ut the inner segments 
nut, NU. DNA slightly com Der as gos. as Or roy longer 
than the persistent, perianth. OE f. Fl. Tasm. i. 343; U. lucifugt E 


Hook. £ in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 285. : 

Queen Covering an island in Fitzroy river, O'Shanesy, a single specimen — 

not 1n flower. | 
N. S. 


Wales. Paramatta, Woolls; Macleay and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; New 
castle, Leichhardt. : 
Victoria. Marshy plains on the Yarra, F. Mueller, Robertson; L Little river, 

E ; 
Common in various parts of the island, peer in moist shady places, 
A D. masa: Flinders. island, Gunn; King’s islan 

S. Australia. Strathalbyn, Herb. F. Suellen, a, ee not named. 
This species, Mg ns is also in New Ze aland, is usually dist inguished , from ron a 
northern a er dioica, nn., by the weaker stems glabrous Meo p stinging di U 
narrower leaves and Nai male flowers; some northern specimens, however, ° 


ces CIX. URTICER, 191 


*2. U. urens, Linn. ; Wedd. in DO. Prod. xvi. i. 40. An annual with 
erect or ascending branched stems rarely bovo. 1ft. high, glabrous 


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the same structure as in U. inei incisa, except that the ner segments of 
the female ire are ciliate on the margin and usually bear a single 
dorsal stinging hai 


European weed now ors near bie in various parts of Victoria, 
Tasmania, and S. Aus 


17. LAPORTEA, Gaudich. 


Flowers dicecious or mon neecious, clustered but distinct. Male 
pevianth "Mélitéieod: -globular in the bud, deeply divided into 4 rarely 
segments. Stamens 4, rarely 5, with a rudimentary pistil; anther- 
cells reniform. Female perianth fh 4 lobes or segments, the 2 inner 
ones usually larger than the outer and dissimilar from each other. 
Stigma simple, elongated, i ed. Nut more or less compressed and 


. rigid de hairs. Leaves alternate. Stipules entire . or bifid, 
_ deciduous.  Flower-clusters in axillar or, in dw" not Australian, 
terminal vice usually shorter than the leaves 
The species are distributed over the warmer regions of the New and s Old World, 
but m i in the Indian eem nus and Pacific Islands, one Mt iun lly A ous 
is, however, North American and extratropical. e Australian: species 


the fem rianths very un 
Leaves eni ovate, vordat i the base, ee ot e €— 


cent underneath . 1, L. gigas. 
.. Leaves jm not “cordate, neatly; glabrous . 2. L. photiniphylla. 
.. Leaves broad, more or des pie at LM base, pubescent o or : 
leis on both s si n 3. L. moroides. 


l. L. gigas, W Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 199, t. 3 and 4, and in DC. Prod. x 
pL 7A large tree, exceeding 80 ft. the trunk erect, with a soft j Miey 
3 fibrous wood and smooth ash-coloured bark, supported at the base by 


192 CIX. URTICEJE. _ LLaportea. 


a curved fle shy mass.— Urtica e unn. Herb.; Urera pe iji 
Wedd. in Am. T Nat. ser. 4, i. 177, and U. excelsa, Wedd. 

Quee specimens in leaf only from Brisbane river, A. Mane 
~~. sedi sag to diis species. 

. S. Wal gom in the Illawarra district, A. Cunningham, L 

Clarcne e river, Bee ecimens also in leaf only, from Glendon and "Three. 
ra ile scrub; Le ichhardi, id pot ly be a variety of this species with the leaves more 

othed. 


AA um p ge d Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 138, in DC. 
A fine tree of 60 ft. with a straight a Real stem 
of. 30 ri 40 8. yir Leaves ovate or almost elliptical, obtuse or 
more frequently acuminate, entire or sinuate-toothed, not cordate, 


e 
as, but more glabrous. Nuts m anger the pedicels d 
eshy mass.— Urtica pho 
phylla, A. Cünn. He rb.; Fleurya photiniphylla, Kunth. Ind. Sem. Hort. 
Berol. 1846, nu (Weddell). 
Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton bay, A. Cunniaghar, S Mueller; Rock- — 
hampton, arias T ic Dallachy ; Nurrum-nurrum, Leic i 
N. S. wW hi yaaa erri Clarence river, Beckler ; Northern woods, i 
tha. Exhibition 1862, n 
man's 
e Fiji is teg peas. to this species by W acl po ose 
to pom d in the venation of the leaves and in ET pedicels always remaining 
unenlarged. 
veidos, Wedd. Monogr. Urt. 142, and in DO. en vii, i 
ing hairs 
ore 


Ed toothed than the other species and more Pit 


(Dallachy). dg d moroides, A: Cups 


— eensland. 4. Cunningham ; Port Denison, d > Mount ; Elliott and v 
com her's [vc eem bays, Dallachy ; Cleveland 2g "Herb. F, Mueller, 
not n 


Orper CX. CASUARINEE. 


Flowers wes e males in cylindrical spikes, the females er r 
globular or ovoid spikes or cones, both sexes sessile and solitary i 
the axils of whorled brut the bracts of each whorl united into * — 


CX. CASUARINE, 198 


stam 
bud, erect and exserted from the sheath of bracts when fully out. 
Anther with 2 large distinct cells, placed back to back, and opening in 
2 valves. Female fl: Perianth none. Ovary minute, 1-celled. Style 


very shortly entire, with 2 long filiform stigmatic branches. Ovules 2, 


an a nerve (the base of the style). Seeds solitary, erect, laterally 


attached by a funicle showing at its apex the second abortive ovule; 


flowers, &c., are superposed in twice as many series as there are 

. of each whorl. ale spi lets, 

. almost sessile along the permanent bran es, the female cones usually 
sessile or only shortly pedunculate, but in both sexes there are always 


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. Weaker branches and branchlets than on the stronger ones. Anthers 
. and style-branches usually purple or red, the latter elegantly fringing 
_ the female flower-cones. 


The Australian speci appear t all endemic except olia, which ranges 
over nearly the whole area of the Order, and has become naturalized in m pic 
subtropical regions of the New and the Old World. Except the New Caledonian 


3 types 
E Pacific, which are not Australian 


|; des i and a posterior; I 
-. dividnals or species there is only one, the posterior one. I have found it so, as figured in 
3 the Flora Tasmanica, in C. stricta (C. quadrivalvis), and in some other species I have 


* 


194 CX. CASUARINEZ, 


found both the anterior and snpieriot one; bat these organs are very delicate and dii 


cult to examine in dried specim I have not therefore been able to yay it in 
sufficient number to avail myself o of it in the TE characters. From the caret 
observations of Bornet mentioned in Decaisne and Lemaout’s Traité de Botanique, 


533, it would appear that the one is almost barney in C. stricta (C. quadrivalvis 
Lai aa the two in C. torulosa 


1. CASUARINA, Linn. 
Character M distribution the same as those of the Order. 


Secr. 1. Lei .— Whorls Ste Pa orig 6-merous.  Cone-valves usually 
prominent, thicke med and keeled or angled on the back or with a short broad and 
smooth, dorsal protuberance (rugose in C. p rica a). 

Whorls usually 10- Soron i uper 9to 16). Cone-valves 
thickened Ei a Cue or keel. 
Cone-valves very p n 
Bra — usually r minent, o ribbed. Cones 1 in. dia- ^ 


more. 
Malb-apikes usually dong, Me TERUS e 
ointed. Eastern 1. C. stricta. 
long fine points. Western « specie . 9. C. trichodon. 
Branches terete. ale-spikes not pz eedin ng 1 in. 
pun about 4 in. diameter, the cones villous on the 
8. C. glauca. 


nov s very $ co mpact, th the s small and thick, scarcely : 
4. C. Huegeliana. 


WhoHs i enc 7-merous ‘ranging 6 to 8). Cone: valves 
ap 


bular, the valves pubescent on e back . 5. C. equisetifolia. 
Male- — v iform. Cones usually oblong or ` small, 
the valves glabrous. Br: ictum very slender 
Mein i in. diameter or more, usually Shion en ste, Ae 
nes not above 4 lines diameter, globular s d Ub ning aimo 
Shrubs eey ?) diccious. Con e-valves NEN pro- 


(cosa with the dorsal piene short and 
East and west species 8. C. distyla. 

Cone valves with the dorsal protuberance as long as the 5 

d rugose. Western s ice 9. C. wastes 


Secr. 2. Trachypitys.— ag helen eda merous, hie Une ves rarely 
prominent beyond the thick broad ob Sip star ' prowubertanses, ee nich. we apes we 
or divided into tubercles (nearly deem in C. Decaisneana). 

Male-spikes and Moe slender. 

Cones ie glabrous. 

Male-spikes 3 to os lines long. reete deus with the 
d ce divided into 1 large and 2 small 


tuberc PINE Gua V vr. 
Malospikes 2 to 4 lines. ‘Cone -valves with the dorsal 
vided into bi. 6 nearly ne : 
u " " LI aci. e. humilis. 
. Cones dag gs " villous.: 
Shea: A pe very short. Cone-valves = protrud- 
ond several ‘small dorsal tuberc! 
iea pia terete. Sheath-teeth = the DEC 
spikes scarcely acute. Eastern species . 2. C. torulosa. 


CUN o pd Ec ae tee te 


Casuarina.] CX, CASUARINEJX. 195 


npe tery acutely 2- or 4-angled. Sheath-teeth 
f the pikes acuminate. Western species . 13. C. decussata. 
Sheath; teeth 1 k 5 lines long. Cone-valves not excee * 


g the single large dorsal tubercle 4. C. Decaisneana. 
Male spikes short. Branchlets short, rigid, divaricate aes 
intrica 
Branch of €— mr articles. Male spikes 2 to 3 lines 
(Cones unknown) LB C. Haul DR 


Bosinklats mostly of 1 article. Male spikes 1 to 2 lines lon ng. 

Co s with several nearly equal dorsal tubercles . 16. C. microstachya. 

Secr. 3. Aca mariire. —Cone-valves very prominent, the dorsal protuberance 
woes into a nd po poi 
Whorls 10—12-merous. et it of C. stricta. Point of Lap 

dorsal protuberance as resa as the valve . 7. C. bicuspidata. 
Whorls 4—6-merous. Branchlets short. Point of the Pa ge ; 

protuberance much longer than the 
Branchlets spreading, consisting of oca, nearly equal 
ternodes . 18. C. thuyoides. 
— erect, rigid consisting of one short basal in- à 
and one long terminal en jrit one. . 19. C. acuaria. 

Src a LzrorrTys.—Whorls (of ital sheath-teeth and 
flowers) 7- to 16-merous, rarely 6- -merous. Cone-valves usually promi- 
. nent, thickened on the back into a promi eG kee ofngle, or into a 
: short broad transverse rune smooth AC 


E due or keel.—Wi l. iv. 190; €. quadrivalvis, 
bill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 67, t. 218; fin. Rev. Cas. 71, t. 9, 10, and in 
C. Prod. xvi. ii. X Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. jo F. Muell. "Fragm. 
vi. 18; C. macroe A. Cunn. Herb. ; Q. crista. a, Mig. Rev. Cas. 70, 
10 A; c. Piin Took. È Mae in Ned. Kruidk, Arch. iv. 100. 
N.S. Wales. Lachl d Twofold Bay, A, Cunnin 
Pone. From Wonk Vale ee pig sunk og. and Gipps’ Land, 
ue. 
Tasmania. Abundant Throng the island, excepting towards the north-west, 
J. D. Hooker —The oak of the colonists. 
S. Australia. St. Vincent's Gulf, Blandowski ; Bugle Range, Port Lincoln, Kan- 
"eller. 


The Lachlan river specimens distinguished by Miquel as two varieties 
8 of tom de vere e d sinata = pre wid all gathered iade m tree; the is 


do not appear t an are many of the Tasm mens. The 
©. Gunnii, formeni x plished by uy Mogel Pes Ress Se Es Hooker t wi a var. war: spectabilis of 
©. quadrivalvis thing but a 


02 


196 CX. CASUARINER. [ Casuarina. 


2. C. trichodon, Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 641; Rev. Cas. . 63, t. 8, and in 
DC. Prod. xvi. ii, 336. A tall erect shrub closely resembling 0. stricta, the 
whorls 8- to 10-merous, the ribs of the internodes prominent, and the 
cones the same as in that species, in the sheath-teeth mostly terminate | 
in long fine points, the male spikes, not much above lin. long, are | 

closely imbricate, with the long s rending : almost hair-like points of the 
sheath-teeth very conspicuous. Valves f the cones ovate, thickene d | 
into a ar — angle as in €. stricta 

W. Austr King George's Sound to Cape Riche, Drummond, 4th coll. n. 239, 
A yov pekini n. 2000, but not the loose fruits sent with it, Harvey, Max- 

we 
C. glauca, Sieb. in Spreng. Syst. iii. 803. A tree, often attaining 
a bekas size, the specimens sometimes very difficult to distinguish | 
from those of C. stricta, the internodes however much less promin 


v 
the back, thickened into a smooth dorsal prominent angle or keel. 
some forms, miden Sieber's tipi specimens, the cones are smalle 
with very numerous rather sma 
Miq. Rev. Cas. 76, t . ll, and in DC. 
Miq. Rev. Cas. 75, t. 11 B, but not of Ait. 
Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton bay, and between Mackenzie and Suttor 
rivers, P — er; purs mpton, O’Shanesy. 
N. " t Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, Sieber, n 
Wovils ; ite plains and New sii pie IE hhardt; Lachlan river and Liver 
s, A. Cunni ingham ; from the Lachlan and Darling to the Barrier Range, Victoriam 
aa other wpeditions. ; 
ia. Avoca and Murray rivers, F. Mueller; Wimmera, Wilson. 
S. Australia. Flinders' Range and Murray Desert, F. Mueller. 
In the specimens from the interior ig nra by Miquel in Ned. Kruidk. pe i 
100, as C. pauper, F. Muell., and in those from Bess and, the cones are m 
those of C. equisetifolia than those of Sicbers typical specimen. 


4. C. Huegeliana, Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 640; Rev. Cas. 68, t. 11 
and in DO. Prod. xvi. ii. 995. A suns. or small re appa 
dicecious, with the terete branches, 8- to 12-merou 
sheath-teeth, and glaucous aspect of C. first, but x ma 


W. Austra iit "ege Lem Oldfield; King George's Sonnd or Swan 

` Preiss, n. 2006, Dru mmond, and others a 

The only specimens seen in fruit are those of Oldfield and some loose fruits ho , 
cimens, otherwise imperfect, in Herb. F. Mueller. The male specimens of Prei 


Casuarina. | CX. CASUARINEJR. » 197 


1 Ve p ones of Drummond differ in their much more slender branches. Drummond's 

1 2, with male amenta only, may belong to C. dis istyla, or gera to C. bicuspidata. 

ee specimens with shorter cones from Murchison river, are referred by Miquel to 
eh Aces : : P 


5. C. ainiti h Forst. Char. Gen. 108, t. 52. A tree attainin 
a large size, but so frequently cut that it is s generally m et with muc 
spreadi 


the smaller ones often pendulous, lebron è or tomentose when g. 

Whorls usually ae but the parts varying from eath 

teeth short or S es fine-pointed on the persistent 

branches, the rie rarely exceeding } in. up ribs rather PS 
. ment. lowers iecious, male spikes about $in. long, term nating 
slender deciduous branchlets, the à 


in i DC. Prod. Xvi. ii, 338, with the several (non-Australian) synonyms 

_ there given. 

. _N. Australia. North ig A. Cunningham ; e of the Gulf of Carpentaria, 

— Henne; Esc 'ape Cliffs, Hulse; Port Darwin, Schultz, 

3 ueensland, Nai aati islands, R. Brosh n; Cape Bedford and b a 

. Cape Flattery, F. Mueller; Entrance island, Endeavour Straits, Leichhardt; P. 

3 ront Walter ; Rockingham and Edgecombe bays, Dallachy; Port De bale, 
zalan 


m T iiu shoots very tomentose. C. incana, A. PN — — Port 
3 e, A. Cunningham, Leichhardt ; Moreton Í sland, C. Moor This ety ap- 
E ques bo to be found in New Caledon, from a specimen received pas the Paris her- 


- , The species is widely spread over East India and the qe e man With C. distyla 
. it has long been cultivated in gardens, where varieties ha - sen which have ted 
1 LE as new Australian species. Amongst per C. excelsa, Dehnb.; Miq. Rev. 


6. c. uberes]: Ott. - Dietr. ; Miq. Rev. Cas. 54, t. 6, and in DC. 
Prod. xvii. ii. 837. A t e of 30: to 40 ft., the s specimens closely re- 


the cem : extending nearly to the apex of the valve—Hook. 
Fl. Tasm. i. 948, t. 96; C. leptoclada, Mig. Rev. Cas. 41, t. 4, and 


Pee ae I A 


108 s CX. CASUARINER, [ Casuarina. 


n DC. Prod. xvi. ii, 889; C. mesta, F. Muell. in Miq. Stirp. Nov. | 
Holl. Muell. 2. | 
Queensland. Percy islands, A. Cunningham, Denham; Brisbane river and More- — 
ton island, P. Mueller ; - Stradbrooke island, £’ powy Ipswich, Nernst; Rockhampton, 
[44 Shanesy; yin Rockingham bay, etang Sisi Cape Y he | 


ort Jackson, R. B dioe, "Woolts Argyle County, 
AC Cunt ham ; Clarence, Hastings, Pi Ma ey rivers, AREE: ; Richmond river, 
Fawcett; evern river, Leichhardt; New England, C. Stuar 
edd Ya and Da ndenong mountai ins, ‘P Mueller, Robertson, 
mson 
Common in the island on stony hills (the specimens rather more roon 1 
thas de reni ones), J. D. Hooker.—Known in some of the colonies as the Oak or | 
Swam p" k. 1 
C. rigida, Miq. Rev. Cas. mt . 7 D, and in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 337, as to Fraser's — 
specimens, m ay be C. suberos the more robust Tasmanian specimens belong to to C. 
istyla. A cA very deal: ‘allied to C. suberosa is found in New Caledonia. 


7. C. Cunninghamiana . Cas. 56, t . 6, and in DO. Prod. 
Xvi. ii. 335. A tree with ae aise scil resembling C. egwi- | 
setifolia and C. suberosa in the aspect of the specimens and number of 


the fruiting-cones are much smaller, scarcely ex g 4 lines 
diameter in any of the p ims globular, ve apn ti s glabrous, — 
with prominent valves. Male s (in Herb. R. Down) slender like - 


those of C. suberosa but more Fe so ] 
pennant Woods of the London Exhibition 1862, Hill, n. 9; Gilbert river, — 
W^ ; 
lgay Hunters river, 2. sea Sydney woods, Paris Exhibition 1855, — 

At y Arthar, n. Glendon, Leichhar Hastings river, Beckler ; Nepean Rd I 
Woolls ; Mess the Darling and the Darter range, Goodwin and Dallachy; Tw dois 3 
bay, F. Mueller. 


8. C. distyla, Vent. Jard. Cels. t. 62. A dicecious shrub, usually 1 
only 2 or 3ft. high, with erect or spreading branches, but in favourable | 
situations attaining the size of a small tree, the branches glabrous or — 
more or less pubescent. Whorls usually 7-merou us, but the parts vary- — 
ing from 6 to 8, the teeth short. Male spikes on deciduous branchlets — 
of 1 to Sin. or almost sessile on the persistent branches, 1 to 1 or] 


from , the b bl 
anainn truncate a dightty, MMC though considera 
ines than the dorsal protuberance, which is broad entire and smoot th.— 
Miq. Rev. Cas. 57, t. 7; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. MOS C. stricta, Mi a 
DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 336, not of Aiton; C. Mue na, Miq. 1n to 
K Arch. iv. 99; O. rigida, Miq. in DC. m. ao ii. E as 
the Tasmanian uid &. 
. Wales. Port rs n to the B P es R. Brown, Sieber, ™ 
n Mist n. 605 -— others ; Lachlan river, T$ Cunningh ' Land, 
rne, Adamson; Wilson’s slob ai Care Howe, Gipps ^^^ 
#2 uci. 
Tasmania. 


Common throughout the island, ascending to 4000 ft., J+ D. Hooker: 


Casuarina. | CX. CASUARINEJE. 199° 


alia. St. Vinesaio Gulf, Blandowski; Onkaparinga range, Mount 
nie Cos er Mueller ; Kanga »o island Waterhouse "s 
W. Aus vy King George's s Sound and adjoining districts uh cones usually 
very regul Me gp long.in some ied mens, above 1 in. in oth rown, 
Drimmiond i “ah co P) n. n. SAT i oret id and others; Kalgan i "Tweed rivers, 
river, coll, 


5s above ed 1 j po 8 and C. Baate , Mig. Rev. Cas. 37, t. 3 C, 
referred to C. suberosa as varieties by Mi DC. Prol xvi. ii. 33 38, both rud West 
Australia, appear to me both to belong ay fer to C. o not understand why 
Miquel reduced this to Aiton’s C. stricta, hich byth haracter given in the Hortus 
Kewensis “ vaginis multifidis” is contradiction to the “ vaginis 7-fidis" of C. equiseti- 
Tha, as mv as from the inspection-of the original specimen is reni Labillardiére's 


vis, notwithsta: ict e inapplicability of Aiton 
sa, a low shru ub with the branchlets smaller and more slen der than i in = 


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; . Cas. 64, ; . . . ; 6, pumua, 

and Dietr. ; Miq. Rev. Cas. 66, ^ A C.; C. dumosa, A. Cunn. Herb.—Port Jackson to 
the Blue. Mountains, Sieber, n ; Argyle County, A. Cunningham's Twofold Bay, 
De S esa river, and DARE. Port "Phillig F. Mueller ; North west interior of Victoria, 
EE C. Fraseriana, Mig. Rev. Cas. 59, t. 6 D, and in DC. Prod. 
ii. 987 partly. A "all erect dicecious shrub or small tree, nearly 

allied to C. distyla, and very difficult to distinguish from it without the 
cones. ‘These are in the typical ba. nearly globular, 2 in. diameter, 
i sal protub 


r more again 
Museum are more Md the pie ones but larger with more numerous 
parts to the whorl.— paro in PROP, SON MEAN 
NN. mame orge's vers d, Preiss, n D F. Mue vni Oldfield.—The 
cm requires further ol idea from better s seeps sette 1E 
C. torulosa with the V Wade and whorls of C. ata, En ought ees to be referred 
to the following sectio 


_ BECT. 9. Me e nu: —Whorls (of stem-angles, sheath-teeth and 
flowers) 4- or 5-merous, rarely 6-merous. Cone-valves rarely apie 
nent beyond the thick "blond obtuse dorsal protuberances, whic 
Véry rugose or divided into tubercles. 
10. C. nana, in Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. 804. A densely branched 
erect dicecious s dena “the branchlets short slender and terete, the ribs 


Mi iq. Rev. Cas. 29, t. 2 B, and in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 340. 


200. CX. CASUARINER. [ Casuarina. 


| N. S. Wales. Rocky hills, Blue Mountains, Sieber, n. 328, A. Cunningham, 
Woolls. 
11. C. » Ott. and Dietr. ; Miq. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 940. A 
 dicecious sai of "o to 6 ft., erect or the dowei branches diffuse, «s 
uu allied to the eastern €. n nana, the whorls usually va merous, wit 
ery 8 more 


prominent thou; h usually obtuse n: never so acute as in re decussata. 


open.— C. Preis eiss. un 
. Cas. 31, t.2; C. selaginoides, Miq. in D] Preiss. i. 643, and Rev. 
Cas. 35, t. 3 B; C. Lehmanniana, Miq. in E Preiss. i. 639, and Rev. 
Cas. 33, t. 3 A, and C. tephrosperma, Hot H mb. Miq., Rev. Os 91, 
all referred to C. humilis, by Miq. in DC. Prod. xvi ii. 940; C. nana, 
A; wi Herb. not of Sieb. 
W. Australia. King George's Sound to Swan River, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 732, 
i dcn 238 and 333, ren, n. 2008, and according to Miquel, n. 2003, 2005 and 
2009, A. Cunn ingham, "Bact r, F. Mueller and others; Murchison river, Oldfield; 
Dirk Hartog's Hen Milne. 

C. ramuliflora, Otto and Dietr. Mi at Cas. 38, t. 4 A, is believed by Miquel t 
be an abnormal Sarco form of gom is with 6- rom whorls and terminal ps 
It may however perhaps be rather ie to C. suberosa. 


torulosa, Ait. Hort. Kew. iii. 990. A small tree, dicecious 


Species except some orms of C. su the ri arcely bur 
ls 4-merous or very rare nly in cultivated specimens ?) the 
pene E "à md the ot ry shor ale spikes very 


= river, Moreton bay, and Burnett river, F. Mueller; ^ Strade — 


Que a. k- 
brooke island, Fros ; Berseker ra "ge, „0 Sanes (with very corky bark); Roc 


hampton, Thozet ; Rockin ngham ba lachy; Mount Elliott, Fitzalan ; on" E 
ill, n z3 ; 


woods, London mino a 1862, : 
. Wa ort Jackson, k. Brown, Sieber, m: 327, Woolls; Newcast 


Leichhardt ; ppt and Macleay rivers, Pailt; Sydney — Paris Lis 
8 


9; O, Moo ore, n. 59, and London ‘Exhibition 1862, C. Moore, n 
. Australia. Port Linco In, R. Bro 


13. C. decussata, B Benth. Barba apparently elongated and : 


* andar as in C. torulosa, to which this species is closely allied, and the 


x " TRETEN úi TEES is 
a ai Ta n RI NNUS ee e RN IERI ee TE Ve eae TA SO ERI WIL, BON, NOS 


- Casuarina. | CX. CASUARINER, 201 


W. Australia. pei Cape Riche, Drummond, 5th coll. n. 434. 


4. C. Decaisneana, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 61. A tree of 30 to 40 ft. 
tie branches terete, rigid, scarcely ribbed, the internodes above } in. 
long. Whorls 4-merous, the shea th-teeth somewhat paleaceous, 
lanceolate, fine-pointed, 1 to 2 lines long, or on the Nes pda 


branches often 3 lines t and never recurved. ikes 
unknown. Cones or very shortly Pd 1} in. long an 
l in. diameter, very woody, tomentose-villous, the thick valves not 
mu beyond. the ded thick vindivided | dorsal tubercles.—Miq. 
rod. xvi. 

N. Australia. buit interior, near Mount Mueller, F. Mueller. 

15? C. Drummondiana, Mig. Rev. Cas. 26, t. 1 D, and in DC. Prod. 
xvi. 343. A bushy Mrd; with tie: divaricate rigidi intricate branchlets of 
C. microstachya, but the ‘whorls are mostly 5-m rous, the internodes 


shorter, less constricted at the nodes, the male heat 2 to 9 lina long, 
and m mostly su spanen. on se sag of 1 to $ in., although sometimes 
nearly sessile. Cones unkno 

W. Australia. ee ps towards Cape Riche. 

16. C. gue dey Miq. in Pl. Preiss. i. 642, Rev. Cas. 94, t. 1l E, 
and in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 949. Ar rigid much brendhód dicacious shrub, 
in flower when onis gi in. to 1 ft. high, but said to attain 3 ft., emittin 


aee at every node short branchlets either of a single internode or 


n 
sembly, anak long. Cones sessile, ed or ovoid, 4 to de long, 


compar 
W.A alia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, Fraser, Preiss, n. 
Pee Bari 1999, F. Mueller ; Gordon river, Maxwe ll; Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., 


Secr. 3. AcanTHoprtys.—Whorls (of stem-angles, sheath-teeth, 
and Benin 10-12-merous or 4—5-merous. Cone-valves very prominent, 


202 CX. CASUARINE. [ Casuarina, . 


the dorsal panie produced into a rigid point as long as or longer 
than the valve 


17. C. bicuspidata, Benth. A stout shrub (or tree ?) with nume- 
rous whorled erect branchlets resembling those of C. stricta. Who rls 


ba 
ances striate, t e teeth setac [ale amenta terminating long 
branchlets, but only seen Eg a then from 1 to 1 in. long, the 
icho 


in. long) sessile ; ovoid iloue, the valves very prominent, rigidly 
acuminate, thickened a on the back, the keel-like pro- 
tuberance of the lower Sit prance into a free point of the length and 
shape of the point of the valve itself. 
S. emer Flinders Island, R. Brown 
W. Australia, Boo. two cones in the Kew Museum without indication of the 
precise ln 


18. C. iepen M in Pl. m i p) ed Cor 97; t. 2A, 


3 
. lanceolate-acuminate pungent Sidi much longer than the valve.— 
C. echinata, R. Br. Herb. 

W. Australia. Lucky bay, R. Brown; Quangen sd au ow river, 
Preiss, n. 2004; King George's Sound and to the eastward un Cape Riche, 
Drum mond, 3rd coll. n . 233, Baxter, Harvey, Maxwell, F. Mue 


19. C. acuaria, F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 16. A shrub? with erect 
rigid branches, the Caterina branchlets very numerous, erect, —-— 
e 


g"' 
=] 
et 
e 
sí 
R 
E 
v 
e 
© 
B 
E. 
17) 
BES 
hz 
(e3 
= 
© 
B 
—AÀ 
td 
[i9] 
_ 
TL 
[1] 
" 
5 
e 
[79 
oO 
Uu 
E 
@ 
pæ 
© 
[77 
et 
ae 
t 
pi 


eo 
3 to lin. diameter. Bracts thickened into a broad triangular apex with 
a small rigid point. Valves much protruding, obtuse, the dorsal pre 
tuberance thick and villous at the very base, produ ced into an externa 
bract tapering into a long rigid m much exceeding the valve.— 
C. ozyclada, Miq. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 344. 


— NW. Australia. Drummond, Ath coll. n. 240, 241, 


ee 


TREE aN ay Sa ama aE GRE CANI NI RR EYE E RR UN 


CXI. PIPERACEZX. 203 


Orpen CXI. PIPERACEZ. 


Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, in closely packed spikes or 
E racemes, each with a subtending o br act often stipitate. Perianth 
t 


o S to 10, inserted on the rhachis or at the base of the 
ovary Ovary (except in the tribe Saurureæ, which is not Australian 
l-celled, with 1 erect ovule; stigmas 1 to e s 


e Order is genera ide rues r the soni and subtropical regions of the 
je d the Old World, pasti chilly of the two Australian genera, both of which 
Tange over the general area e Ord 

Anthers of 2 fete cells Pr fg to back, each opening in 2 


valves. Aa en s 2 to 4, usually 3. Shrubs trees or climbers, rarely 

tall herbs . 1. PIPER. 
Anther-cells confluent, the whole anther opening in n2 valves. Stigma 

tufted, He rbs often small . . 9. Peperomia. 


The spurious dissep imen es hth 80 o frequently divides the Te anther-cell more or 
Sa perfectly into two is usually very prominen iret anther is there- 
fore sometimes described as 4-celled in Piper, dd rut ay in P 


1. PIPER, Linn. 
(Potomorphe and Macropiper, Miq.) 
fae unisexual or hermaphrodite, the pabtencing bract peltate or 
adnate. Stamens in the Australian species 2 or 3; ne of 2 distinct 
cells placed back to back, each opening outwards 'in 2 valves. Ovary 
I-cel d, audios a single ovule. Stigmas 9, or in tig not Australian 
x1 4 o Berries sessile or stipitate.—Shrubs trees or woody 
imbers, mun tall herbs, the branches usually radniats at the nodes. 
Le eaves alternate, Spikes usually leaf-opposed and solar, rarely 
clustered or solitary on short axillary peduncles or branches 
The s ranges over all tro posl lands, slightly extending to the southward in 
Australasia and S. America. Of the six d species one has the v Vile range of 
are ideni, and there may be one es more species amo ongst those of which w 
have as yet the leaves only. 


Spikes solitary or 2 or more together on axillary peduncles or 
short branches. Bushy erect shrubs or tall herbs. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Leaves 6 to 1. P. subpeltatum. 
nise xh ave . 2. P. excelsum, 
Spikes all solitary and leaf-opposed. Sides. (in the Austrálian 
species) climbing Spike pa unisexual.- 
Spikes all dense, 4 to 1 i . Bracts peltate. Anthers 
exserted. Berries anu" Leaves membranous, glabrous 3. P. Nove-Hollandia. 
Male spikes unknown . Be 5 
tate. Leaves pubescent underneath. . . . . . 4 P. Banksii. 


204. CXI. PIPERACE®. [ Piper. 


— m pen, 3 to 5 in. long, the coils of flowers 
by the adnate bracts. Anthers exserted. 
Fon ora 5. P. triandrum. 
. Male spikes no dense, 1 to 1i in. long. Bracts piss 
closely imbricate. Females ovoid-o blong, d in. 
Leaves vellior coriaceous : . P. hederaceum. 


l. P. subpe nau Willd. ; Cas. DC. Prod. xvi. i. 333. A “large 
herb or shrub of 3 to 5 ft., " glabrous or with a ql pubescence on 
the petioles and nerves of the leaves and on the inflorescence. Leaves 


didi: of } to l in., and often common aps ie iud in the same axil, 
the spikes "e dense, l to 3 in. eva Bracts peltate, the terminal 
lamine triangular or semilunar, hirsute at the margin. Flowers her- 
maphrodite. Berries obovate- 3-gonous, glandular-pubescent.—Poto- 
morphe PES Miq., Wight Ic. t. 19 
Queen Rockingham bay, Dallachy. —Widely spread over the tropical regions 
of both de m and the Old World. 


lsum, Forst. ; Far DC. Prod. xvi. i. 334. A small bushy 

earen shrub in Lord Howe Island, OMNE, 90 ft. in other stations. 
eaves petiolate, orbicular-cordate, s ortly acuminate, 7- or 9-nerve 
m the base 0 4 igmeter, M in some stations to » ovate. 


eren Lord Howe's Island, M'Gillivray, n. 726 (the specimen numbe red 

970, xc. eme collection, quoted in the Pr odromus, as from the same e station, i8 
Reoul 1 land in the Kermadoc group).— The species extends over New Zea m": 

Norfolk bied and several of the South Pacific islands. 


Fetan, Amsterd. ser. 2, ds A “tall doltoincna plant climbing 

against trees in dense forests." Leaves on the barren mere usuall 

broadly ovate, equally cordate, acuminate, 7-nerved, 3 to 4 in. € 
nch 


on flowering branches not so broa 1 unequal at the base, scarcely 
cordate, an ufi li- or septupli-nerve pikes unisexua eaf- 
v Os the males $ to nearly lin. long, on slender peduncles rather 
shorter than the spike, very dense, 1 to 14 lines diameter. Bracts or- 
bicular-peltate, the lami uch undulate when the flowers are fully 
o 2 or 9, shortly exserted. Fruiting- spike not longer 
than the erries ovoid, red, 2 to ; lines ig 0 on stipe at 


Piper.] CXI. PIPERACER, 205 


nsland. Brisbane river, Moreton n F. Mueller, W. Hill, Dallachy ; 
Roc Ekhampton ME Rockingham bay, Dallac 
ort Macquarrie ay Perea n only). 
2 eee Cas. DC. Prod. xd i. 353, from Paramatta, Huegel, may prohetiy 
be the same species, at least I find no character given to distinguish it. Ihave 
no specimen for compari 


jd ] 
jin. Berries red, pot or incl rm pot to 2 
lines long, on stipules of about the same length.—Cas. DC. Prod. 
xvi. i. 849. 
Queensland. Endeavour river, Banks and Solander; Mackay and Murray rivers, 
aa n Dallachy 
triandrum, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 197. A “bushy climber,” 
quie: Pierod. Lenves shorty petiolate, ovate, acuminate, geris at 
base but scarcely cordate, membranous, quintupli- or septupli- 
nerved, 3 to 5 in. long. Male spikes pisce z pe 3. to 5 in. 
long. Bracts adnate to the rhachis , with a very small free margin sepa- 
rating the coils or rings of flow wers. Stamens 3, the sitter slightly 
pro truding. Female spikes unknown.—Cas. DC. "Prod. xvi. i. 965. 
Queensland. Mackay river, Dallachy. 


6. P. hederaceum, A. Cunn.; Cas. DC. Prod. xvi. i. 366. A “m 
nificent woody climber ascending to the tops of trees 150 to 180 
high," quite glabrous. Leaves yegi p T" rien shortly acumi- 

an 


ovaries sorti protruding, with 3 small stigmas. Very young berries 
not i geo 
D X Cunningham, Sadho: Sydney woods, Paris Exhi- 
bitien 655 Macarthur n. 
Pri. x 353, from Huegel's collection, is pow 
iq remarkable wed e firm Stair nce of its leaves, and very net in its 
floral characters. The suppo ar persistent — of the anthe -— on which account 
Casimir DO. placed the P hedera ceum in his pus on Apopiper, was in this instance 
DM on the observation of imperfect specimens s I learn from M. C. De Candolle 


2. PEPEROMIA, Ruiz and Pav. 


. Flowers hermaphrodite, the subtending bract peltate. Stamens 2 
anther-cells confluent at the apex, the whole anther opening in 2 ruled 


206 CXI. PIPERACEZ. | Peperomia. 


1-celled with à single ovule. Stigma tufted or en Berries 
ss e a bap stipitate.—Herbs sometimes very sma 


Spi 
nal Iis or rarely leaf-opposed. Flower and Ren very small. 
"arm over the tropical m Weir iaculi f the New and the Old 
World d, but is is especially rich in American species. wo Australian H epos one 
is also in the Pacific i Av the other extends over nearly "ho "s area of the g 
Leaves usually opposite, pubescent, thin when dry . pP Liebe 
Leaves in whorls of four, glabrous or nearly so, coriaceous when dry ^ P. reflexa. 


1. P. leptostachya, Hook. and Arn. Bot. Beech. 90. Stems shortly 
> and rtg at the base, ascending or erect, from a few inches 


osed situ s, above li 
2 thinly membranous when dry, 5-nerved but the lateral nerves 
the margin and s t 


Prod. xvi. 5. 448; Miq. "Pip Nov. Holl. 6; . Bris 

baniana, x DC. Le. 414, 

maerens Brisbane river, — boy, F. Mueller ; ug n common 
scrubs, O' Shanesy, Bowman, Dallachy ; Rockingham bay, Dalla 

N. S. Wales. Newcastle, Hovey: ew England, C. Stuart; y PER A. 


agen species is also in the Pacific islands, and is very closely allied to an East Indian 


2. P. reflexa, A. Dietr.; Cas. DC. Prod. xvi. i. 451. A small erect 
or diffuse herb, said to be annual, 2-3-chotomously, brane hed, more 0r 
pu a cent. Leaves in 
4, very shortly petiolate or almost sessile, ovate donis 


S. Wales. Blue Mountains pe Athinacn, Woolls ; Newcastle, , Leia ; 
now England, C. Stuart; Hastings river, woe r; Tweed river, 
warra, A. Cunningham ; Lord Howe's island, € —Common in most vae 
countries. 


Orver CXII. ARISTOLOCHIACER. 


p hermaphrodite. Perianth herbaceous, adherent to the 
vary a bas superior variously shaped entire or lobed 
limb. die lobes valvate in the bud. Stamens 5, 6, 8 or more, inse 


CXII. ARISTOLOCHIACEZE. 207 


im emo 


the Order, bas South American ones, The only jene e d the principal one “of 
Le 


, Sessile or on vn shortly free filaments. Stigma 3-, 5- or 6-lobed. 
Capsul e sakiy 6-celled and tie in 6 valves from the base upwards, 
the pedicel itself also splitti limbers or rarely erect herbs or 
undershrubs. Flowers axillary, solitary or in clusters or racemes, 
Perianth very large in some species not Y stet. 

The genus is widely distributed over the warmer and temperate regions of the globe. 
Of en. five Australian species one is a common South Asiatic one, the other four are 


Woody climbers, with coriaceous reticulate leaves. 
Leaves much visis deeply cordate at the base. eig od 
lip broadly triangular . A, deltantha. 
vare obtuse or scarcely ‘acuminate, scarcely cordate at the b Pid 
ers unknown 2. A. prevenosa. 
EA trailing 


Leaves 1 to 2 in. long, oblong or ovate, cordate . UU A. pubera. 
ves 2 t 5 in. long, linear d linear lance olate . B d "Thozetii. 


mes or pakir: Ea . « 0, A, indica. 


‘shini ng shen paired 3- or boul and very strong y reti- 
rneath. 


E stipitate, the upper portion as long as the utricle 
mois ripis the 1 re a lip forming an ani pn obtuse- 


E 
S 
= 
A 
we 
<0 
E t 
po 
XOF 
R 
z 
.B 
EB, 
8 
'B 
« 
=] 


908 CXII. ARISTOLOCHIACEJX. [ Aristolochia. 


: — in. diameter, with 6 prominent longitudinal ribs. 
Seeds an ae yellow” ( Dallaehy). 
Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


2. prevenosa, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 166. A tall climbing shrub, 
the young branches and principal veins of the underside of the leaves 


underneath. Flowers unknown. Capsule (according to F. Mueller) 
AU esr lin. long. Seeds compressed, tubercular-rugose.— 
Hid n DC. Prod. xv. i. 496. 

cdi Clarence river, Beckler.— The only specimens I have seen are 
Prod flowers or fruit. 


Of. S ih dd ps above € , more or less pubescent, or 
so Töm daite quite glabrous. Leaves on rather long ‘oe eg ovate ovate- 
lanceolate or oblong-pandurate, obtuse, cordate at the base with broad - 


rounded auricles, 1 to 2in. long. Pedicels axillary, aolitary, 1-flowered, 


1 to 2 lines long below the o ovary, which at the time of flowering is 3 


pe Bue river, W. Hill; Rockhampton, O’Shanesy; Elliot n 
and Nerkool gard Bowman ; Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; in herb. R. rown aie : 
perce w of the station. | 

. S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler. 


4. A. Thozetii, F. Muell Fragm. ii. 107. A trailing or costrité 
herb, closely allied to aaa, perhaps a variety of A. pubera, usually rather 
stouter: aves linear or linear-lanceolate, broader at the base and 
cordate or hastate, usually 2 to 4 in. long ; ; a few of the lower ones | 


era, but not cur perfect. Fruit of A. pubera, and equ ually 
variable in size.— Duch. in DC. Prod. xv. i. 484. 

veensland. Rockham dii Thozet, O’Shanesy ; Keppel bay, Thozet ; Herbert's, 
rm Touman; Rotkinghim bay, Dele 1: 2. C 


Aristolochia. | CXII. ARISTOLOCHIACER. 209 


^. Var.? angusti issima. Leaves very narrow and not dilated at the base, pedicels more 
ithe and bracts longer. Flowers only seen di young. 

. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 547, a single specimen, A. Baueri, 
Duch. in DC. Prod. xv. i. 484, is SERIE the. same species. 


5. A. indica, Linn.; Duch. in DC. Prod. xv. i. 479, var.? magna, 
F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 180. A tall “biit apparently hert vere glabrous 
twiner. Leaves in the typical form — y ovate-ob or almost ob- 
ovate, obtuse, truncate or cordate at the base, an to in. pep in 
the Australian vhriet broader, vedi mener more deeply cordate, 
8 to 6 in. long, membranous, 5- or 7-nerve wers in short axillary 
racemes, sometimes almost contracted into liit the pedicels usually 
longer than the common rhachi is, and each with a small bract at the 


ee ee 


-auriculate at the base. Capsule ovoid, 1 to 1} in. long. _ Seeds b 


8moo 
ulin. hase our river, Banks and Solander (Herb. R. Brown); Rock 
ingham bs , Dallachy.—The latter specimens are in leaf only with two detached 
capsules, the identification is coe doubtful. "The species is widely distributed 
over East Tadia and the Archipelag 
’ 


Orper CXIII. eee 


in the upper por Ovules 1 or 2 in e a cell, erect or pendulous. 
Fruit consisting of r more nu ; re or less 
Ero ed in, the usually enlarged persistent i aali ucre. Seeds usually 
in each nut, without albu ious, the ra 
usually superior. —Trees o r shru ves alternate, penaiveined 


.. The Order is almost limited to the northern hemisphere in the New as HC 
Old World, with the exception of the single Austra (m genus, which belongs to rx 
temperate and colder regions of both the northern and the southern hemispheres. 


1. FAGUS, Linn. 


Male see in globular pendulous catkins within small scales 
poa off very anf or rarely solitary. © Perianths "— stalked 


.910 | .. CXIII. CUPULIFERZ. , | Fagus. 


. within each catkin-scale, gromenalete 4- to 6-lobed, containing 8 to 
16 stamens, with protruding filaments. Female cat s globular, 
almost sessile, the scales linear, with: numerous close-packed filiform 
inner scales, p empty except the innermost and forming an involucre 

ound 2 to.4 sessile flowers in the centre of the iin: Perianth-limb 


each cell. Styles 3. Nuts 2 to 4, angled or winged, enclosed in a 
hard prickly involucre, composed of the combined scales of the catkin, 
and opening in 4 valves.—Trees or rarely shrubs. Leaves alternate, 
coriaceous, penniveined, frequently plicate and toothed. Stipules - 
idao ous. Male catkins usually in the lower axils, the females — 
in the upper ones. 

The genus comprises 2 or 3 European or North American species, and seve veral 
a ag ones from South America and New Zealand. The Australian species are all 
en 
leone op ehrtugir plato, with the veins gigi f da prominent under- 


Stipules persistent, saccate 1. F. Gunnii. 
rer flat, coriaceous, x ein s slightly mre Stipules 
membranous, very 
Leaves of ToS branches bid, very obtuse, ] to Lin. : $ 
lon e à $ . 2. F. Cunninghamu. 
Leaves of f flowering branch ovato, shortly acute, P to 1 in. ; 
DOC RIE ES ree aM" . 98. F. Moore. | 
k. f. in Hook. oa dip t. 881; Fi Tasm. i. 946. 4 
A Din VARF d shrub, “tian covering ith an impenetrable 
scrub 5 to 8 feet high, the young bradda tee pubescent and the 
foliage usually sprinkled with a few o Leaves very 


upper 
coriaceous, eac with 4 to 6 rudis obtuse dorsal scales (or ho 
the adnate scales). Nuts usually 3, T 3-winged, or the 
one 2-winged.—A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 120 : 
Tasmania. Summit of Mount Shui at an elevation of 4600 to 5000 ft., Gunn; 
Mount TARDEN C. Stuart; Mount Sorrell, Macquarrie harbour, igan. 


ourn. Bot. 


dcl pu or cs idm es nly re senes ev oat. 
eltoid rhomboid or orbic 


Fagus.] CXIII. CUPULIFERJE. - 211 


Stamens about 8, the anthers oblong, longer than the filaments. 
. Female involucre sessile in the upper r axils, containing me 3 mp aet 
. Perianth-limb of 3 small teeth on the an les of the ovary. Sti 
 eapitate. Fruiting involucre about three lines long, the dota alo 
. or recurved tips of the catkin-scales narrow and terminating in a g an 
Nuts usually 2 with 3 wings and a central flat one with 2 w 

. Hook.. it Tasm. i. 946 ; ‘A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 122, 

E Viet per Yarra, Mounts Useful and Bawbaw, Cape Otway, Wilson's Pro- 
. montory, F. atu. 

asmania rH. jo own; common especially in mountainous and 
. western oe di stridii Henig a e proportion of the forest and ascending to 
. 4000 a shrub.—* Myrtl e treo" ot the colonists, J. D. Hooker. 


3. F. Moorei, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 109. A “beautiful tree 150 ft. 


- branches, ovate or ovate- janooolates acute or a few only of the lowest 
. obtuse, flat and coriaceous as F. MT ut with more 
| humerous and rather more Kin fui primary veins. Flowers unknown. 
of F. Cunninghamii, but larger, the uam e mostly about 
5 rae long. 


, N. S. Wal On high mauttain h depos forming dense forests at the head ud Bel- 
- linger river emt Bealsdown Creek, a fi t the head of Macleay river, C. Moore (in 
herb. F. Muell. all) ,—Received also ails Mr. p OM himself due the name of F. Car- 


- ronii, Moore 


Orper CXIV. ene : 


6 segments, valvate in the bud. Stamens as many as the 
‘Obes and opposite to them, inserted at their base or within the free 


e structure often 
cure or apparently homogeneous before fecundation; stigma ter- 
ntire or lobed, sessile on = we xi borne on a short style. 
ruit an indehiscent nut dru upe o a single erect seed. 
Albumen fleshy ; embryo pig “ally ver e ahai Xap] the top 
the albumen, with a superior Mis dons.—Herbs or 
Shrubs rarely trees, usually ibed ái aay aves alternate or 
ely opposite, entire, without stipules, often rodacbd to minute -— 
very deciduous. Flowers usua ly small sometimes BR ter- 
inal or lateral heads cymes or spikes, or rarely solita 
The Pasir mperate parts of the : with a few 
Of te Fane: irc ey eens one has a ge mend dition pu. over the 


212 CXIV. SANTALACEZ. 
extra-tropical regions of the Old World, two extend into New — and tropical Ang 1 
Sid MINCE M Srt ralia. It is nea ge ted to Olacinea, above described in - 
the first v and to Loranthacec, in the GER the latter Od might in- — 
deed hive peers better placed in the present E: p: 1 
Perianth-tube adnate at the base, no the upper campanulate . 


Herbs or small shrubs, “ib alerts linear eaves. . . . 1. TxEsium. 

Scales or glands alternating with the aging at the base of the 
r pe. Trees or shrubs, with flat 

eaves mostly. oppo 2. SANTALUM. 
tueur on Ww the "ula divided to the ovary or to a broad 
Par sca with 2 parallel sat ening hee apnea Fruit 

a drupe. Trees or shru e ar site flat lea 3. FUSANUS. © 
Enah terminal, with colle confudit 6 opening i lobes. 


aves a ternate, minute and scale- like, or M nains or 


none, Flowers minute 
Flowers es or clustered, surrounded by 2 to 4 scale-like 
ract 4, CHORUTRUM. 
Flowers in little spikes or clusters or rarely solitary, each 
subtended by a te scale-like bract often very deciduous 5. LEPTOMERIA. 
` Anthers with 2 parallel Mdh Bu egg —— age Habit 1 
and infl 6. OxPHACOMERIA- 
Perianth peir the ee vided g^ the broad ‘base or ‘dilated i 
summi 
Wing 


n 3- or 4-merous, the finia solitary, 


the males in ‘clusters. Leaves alternate, linear-terete or ; 
minute and scale exp i 7. ANTHOROLUS. 
Flowers polygamo inflorescence and foliage of Leptomeria, 


or the leaves develops d and flat . 8. ExocARPUS. 
(The flowers in the last five genera very NS VERSE than i in the first three.) 


l. THESIUM, Linn. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth-tube adnate at the base, the free 
portion campanulate or tubular, with 5 or rarely 4 persistent lobes, - 
with a tuft of hairs inside at the base of or behind the stamens. 

near th 


Sta e serted near the base of the lobes; filaments thers ^ 
with 2 parallel cells opening longitudinally. Ovary inferior; placenta 
ften fle h 8 ovules suspended fro aper; 
style more or less elongated with a termi btuse or capitate stigma 
Fruit a small nut, usually ribbed outside and crowned by the persisten 
free portio h anth.— Herbs shru ender 
wiry stems. aves alternate, usually linear. Flowers small, ofa 


greenish yellow, solitary or in small cymes, pedunculate in the 
but the peduncle usually adnate at the base to the subtending 
free portion 


leaf, 


with 2 bracts on the short : 

The genus is widely dispersed over the temperate and warmer regions s of t 
World, the species partion arly ipw iud n. gum Africa. The only Australian 
appears to be the same as an East Asi 


1. T. australe, R. Br. Prod. 353 labrous perennial i 
mr or erect wiry branches, rarely pubes 1 ft. high. Leaves 


Thesium. | CXIV. SANTALACER. 215 


often above lin. long, but the upper ones much shorter and 
€ Einder, and a few of the lowest short and broad. Peduncles 
1-flowered, m short, adnate at hs base hi the di: D "n 


Distant: peris n bay, Dawson and inet rivers, y Lem 
S. Wales. Nop ean river and Cow pastures, R. ; Hunter's river, 
Jus ican Exploring Erpeditio ion; Bokhara Creek, pere pto river, Beckler ; 
New ‘oe a nA Stua 
. Port Phillip, ka "pee ; Delatite and Ovens rivers, Lake Omeo, F. 
Mueller ; — Val, Bober 
Tasm river, a Brown; also Laurence. 
Iam malls to ieee from this species the T. chinese, Turcz. ; A. DC. Prod. 
Xiv. 649, dies N. China, or the 7. pe Bl, A. DC. Fc. 652, from Japan, Formosa, 
and Loo-choo. Takin ng the flowers at the sa I^ I find the same shape and propor- 
tions of the perianth- tube and lobes in all ees 


2. SANTALUM, Linn. 
en herma hrodite. Vostri Timeo at the base, the. free 


them into a long point. Style elo ngated, with a small 2- or 3-lobed 

Fruit a globular drupe, the epicarp fleshy- but not thick, 

marked above the middle or on the summit with a circular scar left by 
the deciduous perianth-lobes, the endocarp hard and usually rugose.— 

es or shrubs. Leaves opposite or rarely —— petiolate, entire, 


in 0 
nera, in small cee or terminal otomous panicles usually 
shorter than the leaves and s almos reduced to simple racemes. 


i s the Australi hich a Fts be endemic, there a few nearly 
allied prod in Kast In die qiie rehipelag, a nd the N. and g. "Pacific islands. 
© species require a careful revision from complete specimens ; many 0 of those in her- 
Paria, Ex or T the Australian ones, are very doubtfui, from the absence of flowers or of 
- frui 


Frat $i € in ie be pe picis Perianth 3 lines T or more * 
am., marked with the scar of the perenne 
lobes aa Aeon below the summit . 1. S. lanceolatum, 


214 CXIV. SAN'TALACEJE: [Santalum. — 


Flowers - pdt y above 3) on the peduncles. Perianth rarely 


2 lines long. Fruit 3 to 4 lines diameter, the terminal scar 

enclosing a small area. 
Leaves eee usually broad and og acute . PENN k S. ovatum. 
Leaves oblong or lanceolate, obtus e... . 8.8 obtusifolium. 


1. S. lanceolatum, R. Br. Prod. 356. An erect shrub from 2 or 1 
3 to ad ^ high, or cee a small tree, with pendulous or spreading ' 
brane Lives ostly oblong or lanceolate, rather acute and | 
Bhoil tapering db. a petiole of 2 or 3 lines, the limb usually 1$ _ 

in size breadth, | 


to 24 in. long but occasionally varying much i and dt 
rarely obtuse, the lateral veins often conspicuous on old leaves. 
Flowers rather large, in trichotomous panicles in the upper axils or at 


hoto 
ix ends of the dapi pod exceeding the leaves. Perianth 


Uu 
* 6 
S; 
® 
un 
e 
r 
B 
p= ty 
n 
ZEE 
Ba 
[e^] 
E 3 = 
pi. 
m 
a 
=, 
£o 
Tt 
fag 
5 
T 
L2 
[e^] 
| 
£ 
es 


obo 
circular scar of the limb éoniidé nt below eat ninitik 
. xiv. 682; F. Muell. Fragm. i. 85; S. oblongatum, R. B 
Prod. 355, A. DC. l.c. 683. 


N. Australia. Islands d the Gulf "à E Mr R. Brown; Upper Victoria 3 

ien F. Mueller ; Port Darwin, Schultz L 

Queenslan ndeavour iren i d Solander, A. Cunningham ; Port 

Denison, Fitzalan, Dallachy ; Rockhampton, Those, and others; Balandool rive 
Looker; Nerkool Creek, Bowman; MM llo, arton. 

N Gwydir river, Leic | 

_ 5. venosum, R. Br. Prod. 355; A. DC. vid xiv. 683, from Arnhem bay, R. B 4 

m the broad-leaved forms of /S. eT fla t 

Mi angustifolium. teavet arrow, pt n with a fine incurved point. a 

ales. From the vi ie river to Cooper's Creek, Dallachy and wen : 

Neilson New England, C. Stuar, 


» R. Br. Prod. 350. An erect shrub of 7 to 10fe 


We 


and then 3 cymes t oget -— a central and 2 lateral ones, he e pedi 
very short, and often only 3 Sinter on each peduncle. Peri nth d 


the iube Dales or Peis alternating wit the stamens, ene 
dark purple. Stigma distinctly 3-lobed. Fruit globular, 3 to 4 ing 
emp the scar of the apex enclosing a small area.—A. DC. P 


N. Au m N. bay, B. Brown; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 618, 11h 
771.—I have fast fe seen a. Seded s in Hei. Pie and Banks; the descrip 
the flowers wid à e othe Jg articula ars are taken from Brown’s MS. notes, 
Schultz's specimen wii é not in fruit. The k ecies appears to ha 
«mi the foliage near that of some forms of WS. lanceolatum, 
may possibly a to be a very broad-leaved small-fruited variety. 


Santalum. | CXIV. SANTALACEZE. 215 


3. S. Vete miim m p Br. Prod. 356. A se slender shrub of livid 


E often revolute in dr T ng, l to 2 in g. Flow. wers fen, in 
small, shortly rnm axill 
r lateral — rely bearing 2 or 3 flowers. Perianth mes 2 line 


or dana) alternating with the stamens, o ovate o gular. Ovary 
semisuperior, with an elongated style, the = acuminate as in 
S. lanceolatum. Fruit enne 3 or m ines ee the scar of the 
apex "m a small area 

s. Hawkesbury ae R. eite, j rie rare, Woolls; Illa- 
vam, ri Cunningham Shepher 


8. FUSANUS, Linn. 
Caaan Mitch.) 


. 80 as to be sero 

The genus is limited to o Andr - pa besides the Australian species only 
One known from New Zealand. It is united by De Candolle with Santalum, but the 
_ perianth the disk, the ovary, won the pes appear Sig me to be sufficientl ‘distinct to 
Maintain the — genus ad v ed by Brown, and to show a bens i siuhet ie 
. much to L^ etrum as to Santal 


rri till the fruit i is n in "ie 1. F. acuminatus, 
Leave ostly Panicles axillar ry. Perianths EEEE 

the lobes falling off tininadiatony a after flowering F. persicarius, 
Leaves ostly obtuse. Panicles axillary, dense. ‘Perianth nearly 
Pomage e lobes persistent till the fruit s ps i pe pie . F. spicatus. 

aves mostly obtuse. Fruits nearly sessile, the lobes fa ing of 

immediate iy ah flowering . b. 4. F. crassifolius. 


F. acuminatus, R. Br. Prod. 355. A tall shrub or a tree of 20 
to Sof Leaves opposite, lanceolate, acute or sometimes when young. 


916 CXIV. SANTALACER. [ Fusanus. 


with a short hooked point, mostly 2 or 3 in. long. and ta seed into a 
coriaceous, ; 


J ke 6 

Pl. Preiss. i. 615, A. DC. Lc., F. Muell. N i. 85; e s 
Miq. l.c. 616 A. DC. Eie: also Fusanus acuminatus, Mig. Le. 617, accord- . 
ing to F. xui 
. Wales. Murray and Darling rivers, Victorian and other Expeditions ; 
Magen, N. Taylor 

ia. N.W. district, Z. Morton; Mount Korong, Herb. F. Mueller ; also in 
Mitchell's collection. i 
australia 


Morunda, F. Muel 
W. Australia. Fowler's bay, R. Brown; from the Kalgan to Bren an Murchi- 
son rivers, Oldfield, Maxwell, Drummond, n. 227, 152, Preiss, n. 2098, 2 


Memory Cove and Port Lincoln, R. Brown; Murray river near 


Var.? angustifolia. Leaves narrow. Flowers rather larger and fewer. Fruit not 
seen. — Santalum anquetsfo tem A. DC. Prod. xiv. 685.—W. Australia, Drummond, 
n. 430, and perhaps also n. 2 


2. F. persicarius, F. Muell. A tall shrub or small iiA os ko thosa 
site or scattered lanceolate or linear leaves, often very muc 
of F. acu 


nites "d than Be vadit lobes of F. indicio —^Sa 
pari, F. Muell. in Trans. Vict. Inst. 1855, 41; Fragm. i. 86. 


Murray. desert, F. Mueller; Wimmera, Dui); Mount Dispersioh, — — 
arat; W dies vale, Robert a 
s. alia. Near paige Baker, F. Mueller. 
autre a. meds on ri "well. 
4. jokius ee n Pi Preis vd ge AS mergi cs (Mees en Ek A, DC. Prod. 
xiv. ie from W. Aus dle Preiss, Il probably prove to be the same spem 
and the name would im the right of peines but the several species of /usanus 


- Fusanus.] CXIV- SANTALACEJE. 217 


so imperfectly ipia, in our herbaria, that it is as yet EFREN to establish cor- 
rectly pat respective lim 
: wrrayana, Mitch. TN Exped. ii. 100, with a woodcut, is most probably 
this srt 


spicatus, R. Br. Prod. 355. A tree attaining 30 ft., 
Se but not pendulous branches. Leaves opposite, “from ene 


ares rarely as long as the wie , rather crowded nd pail de 
together on the short secondar ry branches. Perianth-tube turbi- 


nat, about 1 line long, the broad epigynous disk with a prominent 


ee margin; lobes triangular, about as long as the tube. Style very 
short, with 2 rarely 3 stigmas or stigmatie lobes. Fruit lobules 3 to 
nearly 1 in. diameter, Gaaah till nearly ripe by the persos. perianth- 
lobes enclosing a rather broad area , the t psa nearly smooth.— 
creme + spicatum, A. DC. Prod. xiv. 685; rn Mio. in Pl. 
Preiss. i. 615; A. DC. Le. j 
S. Australia. Spencers Gulf, R. Brown; Marble Ranges, Withelmi? (See 
F. crassifolius.) 
us til . Salt and Gardner rivers, Maxwell; N. of Stirling range, H; 
Mueller r; and thence to Swan and Murchison rivers, up arp Preiss, n. 2103, 
Gardner, n. 226; Shark's bay and Dirk Hartog’s island, M 


rassifolius, R. Br. Prod. 305. An erect shrub of 2 or 3 ft., 


4. F.c 
the jede branches ides or 4-angled. Leaves opposite, on 
very short petioles, linear, obtuse or scarcely xb. entire, Ba the 
: the d n. lon 


margins recurved in ried specimens, 1 to ng. cles 

PMJ, er flowered at the top, the pedicels very - ihort Drupes 3 to 

4 lines meter in the Pe ree iy ut apparently unripe, ovoid- 

i tun emis by an entire rim enclosing an area smaller than in 
caria.—Santalum ‘rast, A. DC. Prod. xiv. 685. 

Hunter's river, R. Bro n, from his Herbarium 


Sees Parama and 
red us no ete station QD) i in the Prodromus being d idehtly a mistake. The 
sp2cimens x1 in fruit only, the fruits pn ime. sessile, on axillary peduncles of 3 
or 4 lines, with the scars of other fallen flow 
S. Au ustralia ? The specimen from Marble adio Wilhelmi, quoted above under 
F. spicatus, may possibly belong to F. crassifolius 


4. CHORETRUM, R. Br. 
|... Perianth-tube adnate, bte wel et penny above the ovary, 
lined by the truncate or sinuately ’4- or 5-lobed disk, and the border of 
the tube more or prosifiiétt oindiide the base of the limb; segments 
f a so i 


mss segments; filaments short; anthers terminal, with confluent cells 
2s out in 4 valv vary ' inferior, with an epigynous disk lining 
free part of the perianth-tube. Style very short, with an entire or 


218 : CXIV. SANTALACER. [ Choretrum. 


Ped 2-lobed stigma. Fruit a globular or ovoid drupe, crowned by 
the persistent perianth-lobes, the epicarp succulent, the endocarp hard 
and ADT thick.—Shrubs with numerous n or rigid apparently 
leafless branches, the joe all reduced to minute scales usually 
deciduous. Flowers minute, solitary or in little pee along the 
Lo npe E by an 'involucre of 2 to 4 or more minute 'scale- 
like bra 
The genus is limited to Australia. 
Flowers 2 to 5 together in shortly pence. or almost sessile 


1. C. glomeratum. 
fos solitary within each involucr 
id 


Branches rigid terete. Flowers appre imate in spikes 2. C. spicatum. 
a coder terete, Outer rim of the perinifihsttbe scarcely j 
ominen 3. C. lateriflorum. 
Branches send acutely angular. Outer rim of the perianth- 
he ms i acu y pa b a. Oi Oii 
C. pup $a nell Pg i 31,8 rom Port pikët; Wien is ——€— refer- 
rible ‘to the genus. vt is a rigid leafless spinescent shrub, wi h the aspect of sor 
meria aphy ut the flowers are paie and solitary or in pm er ve ies phe 


broad connate bracts. The perianths are all closed and aa a line long or mor re 
when opened they eb E een abes Be ege stamens or hairs pem but in the 
borde of the flowe ve nute stamens without rudimentary 

vary. The ey may ral possibly be i i a esos state. If not, the sidak must belig 
to some very differen t On der. 


omeratum, R. Br. Prod. 354. An erect hrab; sometimes 


c 
scarcely 1ft. high, sometimes almost arborescent, with numerous erect 
slender wiry angular branches. Leaves re uced to minute subulate 


deciduous scales. Flowers smaller than in €. lateriflor a, 2 to D together — 
sessile and clustered on a common peduncle of 4 to 1 line, each cluster — 


surrounded by 8 or 4 minute almost orbicular bracts. Perianth about 
# line long, the broadly turbinate adnate tube not above half the length 
of the lobes, the external margin Met! vio na Drupe when 
dry 2 to 4 P long, ponar or slightly ovoid.—A. DC. Prod. xiv. 
676; Miq. in Pl. Preiss. i. 608; En dl. Tabu: t. 45. 

N. s. i: Gros ‘cag e ini perm valley, A. Cunningham ; Mac- 
quarrie river, Bowman ; Cas "wd river, C. Moore; Mudgee, N. Taylor. 
gros: Li eller. 


ght river, Tar li je F. Mu iWhit- 
S. A Memory Cov rt Lincoln, R. Brown; PP bay, 
EN Victoria Take, F. Mue es? T kakr island, biet Point 
ustralia. mmond, 3rd coll. n. 199, ; Cape Riche, Harvey; jrm 
Henry and Dickes sede Oldfield; base of Burling Range, d Mueller ; 
river, Preiss, n. ae 
Var. chrysanthum. Flowers seat’ larger and more yellow. 1 am quite pere 
detect, any oer peet abid —C. chrysanthum, F. Muell. in Hook. Kew Journ. vii. ri 
. 81, ined.; A. D goera xiv. md ay and Avoca desert, £- 


«VIt 
ded bar: near Wheal Barton Mines, F. Mu 


; spicatum, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 21. An erect shrub, ke : 
branches terete and when in iier d ikai and more rigid than in el 3 
young ones slender with numerous closely ap e T d 


other 
near hnceohte scale-like leaves of about 1 line, which soon fi 
rs on the previous year’s — sessile, solitary at cue n 


DUET ITE Uo se TH S enm PER INNEREN 


DLP POSTS e ERED See WC EN Se PME SERE ae eps REOR SOE E IRE UI E EO a RETO orem UM, TTE. Soe et ee T RETE FED TEN 


Choretrum.] CXIV. SANTALACEX, dus 219 


but usually numerous so as to form a rather close spiké, each flo eua 
surrounded by about 4 broad somewhat jagged bracts, half as lon 
m perianth, with some smaller ones outside. Perianth about 1. ig 
; the external rim of the adnate tube prominent. Fruit rather 

sisi] ovoid-globular. 

Victoria. Murray desert, = Mueller ; Wimmera, Dallachy ; near geo Creek, 
Irvine; Wendu Vale, Robertso 

S. Australia. Kangaroo “sland, Bannier. 


ateriflorum, R. Br. Prod. 354. A shrub, aad Bus mid 
Folate branches, terete sd gnus striate, the 
^. not nearly so aee nt a in €. Candollei lei and ida continuons. 


676; i nnde Sl, Sieb. Pl. oa not of R. B 
N. - Wales. Upper Clarence river, Be ilies New Engana, Z — Port 
Certi Berrima and Mittagong, Woolls; Lachlan river, A. 
Victoria. Mitta Mitta, qot and Murra ay rivers, F. 
tralia. King eig oh s p R. Brow the sjodiltns nse resem- 
bling F. Mueller s Latrobe river one 


SX "s Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, A. Cunningham, Sieber, n. 
d and FL. Mixt. n. 525; Liverpool plains, Leichhardt ; New England, C. Stuart ; 
Castlereagh Bk X Moore ; southward to Illawarra, ‘A. Cunningham, Shepherd; 
ites N. Taylor. 
5, LEPTOMERIA, R. Br. 


Perianth-tube adnate, usually narrow, the border not at all or 
scarcely prominent outside; segments of the limb 5 ort rarely 4, in- 
flated or somewhat thickened at the end. Stamens inserted near the 


the centre often very prominent an angie or lobed. Ovary inferior, 
"With a more or less distiuct ena isk. Style very short, with an 


220 CXIV. SANTALACER. [.Leptomeria. 


The genus is foie to Australia. 


Sect. 1. Keromeria.—Bracts subtending the flowers falling off long before the 
flower expands. 
* Western species. 
Branches “omar Spikes dense, few-flowered, the rhachis 
about 1 Fruit dry. Peri anth-lobes whitish 
Branches Hea, with tained Darai loni: Spikes loose, ‘the 
aie his 2 to 6 lines. Fruitdry. Perianth-lobes whitish 2 
Branches slender, terete. Spikes dense, Ae rhachis 1 to 2 lines. : 
Fruit succulent. ` Perianth brown yellow 3. L. pauciflora. 
— angular. Spikes dense, ihe flowers closely s sessile 
notched or excavated rhachis. Fruit t dry 4 


pt 


L. spinosa. 


. L. Preissiana. 


. L. scrobiculata. 
** Eastern species. 
Hacainon loose, often 4 to 3 in. img: Perianth-lobes fulvous 
hen dry. 


Disk not lobed . 5. L. acida. 
Hioc oose, $ es in. long. Periunth-lobes white when : B 
nU. Di sk lobe 6. L. Billardieri. 


Racemes 3 to 4 nes long, rather dense. Perianth-lobes dark 
en Bo Disk slightly lobed. Branches rigid, often 
ipia 7. L. aphylla. 
"o tut pn Eb to dense almost sessile ‘clusters of fow flowers 8. L.g rp 


dt 2. Oxymeria.— Bracts vti under the flowers. 
Bracts very spreading and mostly recurved 

Benets abe eid or Miuedy ehe e not recurved. 

es pers + Cunningham 

Pract: fone, miae at the base. Bem-lónves ‘deciduous 11. L empetriforms. 


Species insufficiently known.  Stem-leaves persistent, 14 to 3 lines long ; flowers 
solidi à in the upper axils. 


. L. squarrulosa. 


to 


Leaves and bracts e ah not rigid . 12. L. axillaris. 
Leaves semiterete, at ] pu pungent. Bracts smaller, elip 

tical-lanceolate . 25 13. 
Leaves and bracts obovate or obovate-oblong . Ow dw 4 c ME A Mositd: 


Sect. 1. XERowERIA, Endl.—Bracts subtending the individual 
flowers falling off long before the flowers expand, and rarely to be seen 
except in the nascent Spike. 


. L. spinosa, 4 
shru ea s at the time of flow wering, ‘the minute "oae cible E. 
scale- like es soon falling o off mae the young shoots, the @ fei 
branches terete, slightly striate with raised lines, the shorter ones 9 


Ee CXIV. SANTALACEA, 221 


Var.? lept aie Branches much more slender, rarely spinescent.—Dirk Hartog's 
‘alaind; - Duniingións 

2. L. Preissiana, A. DC. Prod. xiv. 078. Branches erect, rather 
rigid, ‘terete, slightly striate with raised lines, leafless at the pim of 
fowering, the minute scale-like linear-subulate leaves on the 
slender WE falling off very early. Flowers in little lateral hic 
loose racemes, mostly on the previous year's branches, the rhachis 
2 to 6 lines. Bracts situe ovate- dibetitó: slightly denticulate, 
falling off so early that: they are never seen on specimens in 
flower. Perianth apparently white, scarcely 1 line jin the narrow 
turbinate adnate portion tapering into a very short me the lobes 
quite continuous without any external rim.— Choretrum Preissianum, 
Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 608. 

W. Australia. Et river, its Preiss, n. 2101. 


o 
ens. Perianth greenish-white, about 1 line long, the lobes as 
long as the narrow tube. Fruit succulent : rod. xiv. 680; 
L. aphylla, A: DC. lc. 677, partly but not “a R Br; EN Lehmanni, 
Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 614, A. DC. Le. 678 
W. Australia. King Getege's Sound and adjoining districts, R. riget = 
Dinnington Oldfield, F. Mueller, Drummond, 2nd. coll. n. 229, 3rd coll. n 
Preiss, n. 2107, 2121; Vasse river, ’ Oldfield. 
L. scrobiculata, R. Br. Prod. 354. A shrub with numerous 
slender slightly angular ranches gas at the time of flowerin 


in a cavity of the Phsehis, the subtending bracts ovate acute and ve 
deciduous, leaving sometimes a tooth-like scar. Perianth-tube shortly 


222 CXIV: SANTALACEJE, [ Leptomeria. 


turbineto] the lobes rather longer. Epigynous disk very prominenta 
bu e, without the distinct glandlike lobes of L. Billardieri. Stigm 
ene ^s lobed.—A. DC. Prod. xiv. 680; L. ericoides, Miq. in Pl 
Preiss. i. 611, A. DC. l.c. 679; LL. chrysadena, Miq. l.c. 61 12, A.DC; Le. 

"WV. Austr alia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, R. Brown, Preiss, 
n. 2117, YS Oldfield. 

Miquel describes the bracts as persistent in his Z. ericoides, which I do not find to 
be the case in the specimens I have seen, except at the top of the young spike 


5. L. yw R. Br. Prod. 953. An erect broom-like shrub, attain- 

ing 6 to 8 feet, the virgate branches much more angular than in 
Billardieri, leafless at the time of flowering, the minute linear- 

lanceolate scale-like leaves falling off very early fe rom the young shoots. 
Spikes more slender than in L. Billardieri, often 4 to 2 in. long and the 
flowers much smaller. Pat- tube narrow- turbinate, tapering at 
the base, but sessile, the limb of the same fulyous colour as the tube, 
barely 2 line diameter when open, the pias much hooded, MS re 
tips. Epi our disk somewhat lar but not lobed 
minutely lo A. DC. Prod. xiv. 627; Endl. Iconogr. t. Zu 

id PR rou island, F. Mu eer 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Moun tains, R. Brown, Sieber, n. 132, 
and many others; northward to Hastings ih Beckler ; southward to Twofold bay, 


ictoria. Genoa Peak, F, Mueller. 


6. L. Billardieri, R. Br. Prod. 354. An erect prona De shrub, 
attainin lodtetimes 6 or 7 ft. but Baca sometimes under 9 , the Ahhaa 


Holl. i. 68, t 


mi 3 ek —— — Tweed river, C. Moore——The flowers 
are smaller fn an ib the Tasmanian specimens, but E distinctly stipitate, the perianth- 


Tasmania. 
near the N. coast, $ D. 


7. L. aphylla, 2. Br. Prod. 854. An erect shrub of 8 to $ ft. with 
rigid spreading branches: often spinescent at the end, qui @ ferte 
without prominent ridges, leafless at the time of P Saa Sis ib. I hav 
not succeeded in ipis, ny young shoots with scale-like leaves sall 
persistent. Flowers rather numerous, in lateral racemes of 3 or 4 lines; 
the rhachis rather "thick; Perianth-tube narrow-turbinate, the lo 
dark-coloured when dry, opening to nearly 1 line in diameter. Epi- 


"Leptomeria.| CXIV. SANTALACEJX. 228 


gynous disk prominent, potaea P eg or almost lobed. Stigma 
minutely 5-lobed. ^ Fruit ovoid, picarp menim DC. 
Prod. xiv. 677 as to Brown's synonym; ZL. pungens, F. Muell, in Trans. 
Vict. Inst. 1855, 4 
i a mg oe Wilhelmi; Murray river and Mount Korong, Herb. F, 

weiter 

. Australia. Memory. Cove, R. Brown ; Serra Range, Guichen bay, P. Mueller 

Bethanie, Behr. cue Brown's specimen the flowers are smaller than in the others, but 
as yet in bud on 

8. L. "c F. Muell.; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 970. A much 
lower and more rigid shrub than L. Billardieri, rarel lid 1 ft., 


lobes white or spreading to weti 1 line in diameter. 
Epigynous disk p masr Mun 
Tasmania. South ark C. Stuart; south of dd va Millig : 
L. Billardieri, var. humilis, Hook. Fl. Tas from tiis à t. Clair, Gunn, 
appears to be rather Mim wor i with the ow rte of us m slightly elongated but 
never exceeding 3 lin 


SkcT. 2. Oxy , Endl.—Bracts mod each flower in the 
en = Viri at least until the flowers e xpand. 


R. Br. Prod. 3854. A shrub of 1 to 3 ft. with 


tik jet Kin George's Sound and adjoining districts, R. Brown, A. Cun- 
ningham, «d rdi n- a 198, Preiss, n. 2109, F. Mueller, and others. 
i n Pl. Preiss. i Ens An ana shrub, 


224 | CXIV. SANTALACEJE. : m 


allbcogh opening in 4 lobes as in all Leptomeric, have the lobes less dis- 
tinct than in some species, and the central scis i very prominent. 


Fruit gobular, crowned by the persistent perianth-lobes, small and 
gps Prod. xiv 3 


Rn Md A cerit re, bur: not seen ripe.—A. DC. Pro . 679. 
Swan river, Preiss, n. 2096; Swan and SUN rivers, CUR 
T y. Pd noo coll.?) n. 228; King George’ s Sound, Mui 


11. L. empetriformis, Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 010. An erect much 
branched shrub, of 1 to 2 ft., the branches terete, often more or less 
sprinkled or covered with minute pem ille but not really hir- 
sute and the papille varying much even on di d 
specimen. Leaves terete, rather flesiy, contracted at the base, 1} to 
24 lines long, deciduous on the main branches. Flowers in loose leafy 


much contracted at se. Perianth about 2 3 line long, the lobes at 
least as long as tapers into a very short pede p 

ra de xiv. 680; L. hirtella, Miq. in Pl. Preiss. i. 610; C 
c. 


i as, Swan river, Preiss, n. 2094, 2113. 


r. Prod. 354. A divaricately andhok shrub 


12. 
of 14 ft. with Ae ein Leaves linear-terete, tent, rather 
thick, 14 to 3 s long. Flowers very shortly veloce, solitary 
in the upper cvy and very much shorter than the leaves, the raceme 
forming a leafy branch. Perianth opening to 3 line rater den ya lobed. 
Anthers 2-celled. Nut réel pl is crowned by the persistent 
aeria th-lobes.—DC., Pro 
stralia. DEN s oiu Vis R. Brown. I p ve taken the descrip- 
tion bch Cn naire r. Brown’ s notes, his specimens have unexpanded flow ae and 
y see one ual from which, howeve eT, "the perianth- lobes are s fallen away. 
with t from near Port Enolo, J. Forest, in Herb. F. Mueller, may 
possibly I belong to the ae speci 


18. L. laxa, Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 612. A small shrub with je 
erect slender simple stems of about ft., leafless at the base. 


in the upper part ae scattered, semiterete, at first soft, at lng 
ó a 


Preiss, n. 2120. I have not seen any specimen answering t0 ihe 


. L. obovata, Mig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 619. A shrub with gtey 2 
aguas branches. Leaves scattered, mince obovate or obovate — 


aim : 
d T it was described by Miquel from a single one past flowering and bearinB? . 


Leptomeria.] CXIV. SANTALACER. 225 


elliptical, flat or concave, fleshy, 2} to 3 lines long. Flowers solitar 
in the axils of bracts similar to the leaves but smaller, forming leafy 
spikes of 4 to lin Powe with their aed i is lon ng. Lobes of 
the epigynous disk very Pure nt.—A. DC. P v. 680. 

W. Australia. Preiss, n Drummond, Ath rey pe 4, neither of which 
Specimens spe Iseen. The jum donas is taken from Miquel's and De Candolle's. 


6. OMPHACOMERIA, A. DC. 


Flowers unisexual by abortion. . Perianth-tube short, adnate 


end. Stamens inserted near the base of the segments; filaments short E 
Aikor with 2 distinct parallel cells opening enen d thee ein 
empty or abortive in the females. Ova ary inferior, abortive 


ens, iin sometimes a few male clusters on a female specimen, both 
Sexes sessile in a concave disk without distinct bracts 
. The genus is limited to irse 
_ Branches rigid but rather slender, terete : ^x O. acerba. 
B ranches more rigid and shorter, prominently striate or angled. 2159520, — 


unable to disc ver any leave on any of our specimens. Fem sia flowers 
E i t inent Ovary thick, scarcely 
. iline long, the perianth-lobes scarcely longer and as broa d as long, 
- the anthers ERR ty and smaller “than in the males. Male 

- flowers in almost sessile | AB of 3 to 5, the perianth without any 
. distinct tube or ovary, the lobes or segments as in the females and 
- the anthers perfect; the central disk flat, NS a slightly prominent 
. entire rudimentary style. up ovoid, 3 to 4 lines long, with a 

. eulent epicarp.— ZLeptomeria acerba, R. Br. Prod. 354. 

E Wales. Port Jackson to ^s Blue Mountains, 2. Brown, A. Cunningham, 
. and others, 

3 noa Peak and mountains on the Mitta Mitta, F. Mueller, specimens 
E both € i ern and on one of the latter a few male clusters 


__ 2. O. psilotoides, 4. DC. Prod. xiv. 681 (part) Very closely 
allied to O. acerba, and perhaps a Pone only, with shorter more rigid 
branches very prominently striate or angled. 

e Mountains? ^ Biens 134; the specimens seem male only, 


I have sed -— any specimens of " Cu:mingham's answering to this species. The 
presas of Gains referred to it by A. DC. is the Leptomeria glomerata, F, 
VOL. VI. eS 


296 CXIV. SANTALACEX. | Omphacomeria. 
Muell, which at first sight closely resembles O. psilotoides, but the flowers are herma- 
phrodite, with the perianth-tube, stamens and style of Leptomeria, whilst in Omphaco- 
meria the anthers are much nearer to those of Hxocarpos. 


7. ANTHOBOLUS, R. Br. 


; 
} 
r 
; 
1 
k 
J 


back to back. y 
and fleshy ; stigma sessile, pulvinate, obscurely lobed (or furrowed by 


The genus is limited to Australia. 
Leaves linear terete or filiform, persistent. 
ender. Perianth usually 3-merous. Endocarp not 
pitted. Tropical species. 
Branches terete or.nearlyso. . . . . . 7. « . . 1. A. filifolius. 
wenebes angular 10202 c5 alte siaii pols (gu Ae iriqueter. 
Leaves rather thick. Perianth usually 4-merous. Endo- 
itted. Western species 


p E UM VS B. Ul a aen 
Branches leafless, the minute scale-like leaves falling off from 
Biss esl) po DUOC ate Feed 


4. A. leptomerioides. 


1. A. filifolius, R. Br. Prod. 357. A tall shrub, with slender 
nearly terete branches. Leaves linear-filiform, 2 to 2in. long. Male 
(whi 


i] 
3 
R 
E 
2 
2 
fa") 
o 
á 
oO 
= 
tezi 
n 
o 
=y 
ot 
£ 
"1 
cA 
o 
" 
wo 
E 
© 
ct 
B 
fa) 
oa 
+ 
Em 
[:] 
© 
e 
B 
B 
I2] 
B 
5 


N. Australia. Islands of the Gulf of Carpentaria, A, Brown; Fitzmaurice rive — 
F. Mueller. : i 
2. A. triqueter, R. Br. Prod. 957. Very closely allied to A. filifotius, 
and probably a variety only, the stems and leaves rather thicker and 
the young branches slightly angular, the female flowers and fruits 
rather larger.—A. DC. Prod. xiv. 687. B 
ueensland. Endeavour river, Banks and Solander; a single specimen in Heb. C 
Town. i 


3. A. foveolatus, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 212. An erect shrub of 6 to — 
 Bft, with virgate spreading or sometimes pendulous branches, terete 


Anthobolus.] CXIV. SANTALACEÆ. 297 


or slightly angular when young. Leaves all linear-terete, acute, 2 to — 
B in. long. Male flowers 2 or 3 together on axillary peduncles T 


a 
lengthened and much thickened ‘peduncle. Fruit ovoid, 3 or 4 lines - 
long, the endocarp marked with very small scattered pits, otherwise 


smooth. Embryo straight, linear-terete, more than 2 the length of the 
albumen, the cotyledons at least as long as the radicle. 
Queensland. Burdekin, Suttor and Burnett rivers, F. Mueller. 


8. EXOCARPUS, Labill. 


Or nearly so, in a notch of the rhachis or in the axil of a minute scale- 
like bract, one on y or rarely 2 or 3 in the spike fertile with the pedicel 
Tapidly enlarged, the others falling off without any enlargement of the 
Semi-abortive ov ry. 

Of the eight Australian species one extends over the Eastern Archipelago, the others 
"re endemic. , The genus sie also one species from New Zealand, one from Norfolk 
Island, one from the Sandwich Islands, and apparently one from Madagascar. So 


Ine o 


228 i CXIV. SANTALACEJE, [Exocarpus. 
leafless species closely resemble some species of Leptomeria, but are at once distin- 
cbe byt the free ovary. Some spec cies S the fruiting pedicel very succulent are 
own to the colonists by the name of “ rry. 
ge aprann ETE Tr ponet 


ves ovate, 021i o - - 1. E. latifolia. 
58i ^ 10 lines lon 2. E. odorata. 
Leaves reduced to paeva tooth "ike varaiitinng persistent 
scales . 3. E. cupressiformis. 
Leaves linear- subulate, 1 to 2 lines Jong and ‘deciduous, or 
rarely rather longer and persisten 4. E. spartea. 


Spikes vey short and scarcely pe side the rhachis pubes- 
cent. Branches stout, often spinescent, y DM t to 
minute ovate deciduous cani v4 . E. aphylla. 


Tall erect shrub, with fattened lsali sieti . . . 6. E. homaloclada. 


ll ere , wit er ngu noche Leaves 

minute, subulate, very decidu . E. stricta. 
Procumben ved - branched iic wit terete rigid branches. 

L ced to minute alternate tooth-like persistent 

scales . 8. E. humifusa. 
Prostrate much branched dwarf shrub. Leaves reduced 

to minute tooth-like scales mostly opposite . . 9. E. nana. 


E. latifolia, R. Br. Prod. 356. A small tree, the "e g parts 
slight hoary with a noite stellate or Sagrat scaly pube escence. Leaves 
adl 


ternate, petiolate, from y o to oval-oblong, end sn 


coriaceous, with several more or bu distinot nerves diverging from 
ase, 1 to 9 in. long. Spikes rather slender, mostly about 4 in. long, 

shortly pdunculate, wiped or several in a short raceme in the u 
axils. wers 5-merous or rarely 4-merous , not closely pac ed. 


Fruit dvo, 3 to 4 lines lng, on a t ickly T tranente peli of 
—A a, Zi 


luzon- 


pei 2 lines ; xiv. FE. miniata, Zipp. an 
gue. 


Presl ; “A. DC. Le.; UE ovata, Schnitzl. Teena i. t. 10 


P eR F the Gulf of Carpe ntaria, R. Brown, Henne; Los ! 


and mainland, N, Coast, A. Cunn io acea ; Point Pearce 'and Üyper Victoria river, 
Mueller ; Port Da arwin, "in ltz, n. 358. 
à . Ke epe redi VEN y, R. Brown; Wide bay, Bidwill ; Bu dei 
river, F. Mueller ; Port eter sn n; Rockingham bay and Rockhampton, 'Dallac yi 
wen river, Bowman ; y district. Daintree (with leaves 23 in. long and broad 
N. S. Wales. Teo T Eh Guilfoyle. 
eae species is generally dispersed over the Eastern Archipelago to the Philippine 
E. odorata, 4. DC. Prod. xiv. 689. An erect densely branched 
shrub. Leaves crowded, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, 
mostly about in. long on the flowering branches, sometimes twice a8 
long or more on barren ones. epee axillary, 2 to 3 lines long in e 
wice i i 


id 
tooth-like. Perianth-segments more frequently 4 than 5, triangular, 
about 4 line long. Anther-cells nearly globular, LM allel. Stigma 
nearly sessile, "a pius scarcely lobed. Fruit nearly globular, 


about 1 line diameter, resting in the slightly enlarged iron bep RE 


shaped perianth, ag pede only slightly thickened.— Leptomeria 
Mig in in Pl. Preiss. i. 613. 


Sse ae S NSN 


Sie E ve c ee 


3 


; 


" . : 
Exocarpus.] CXIV. SANTALACER. 229 


4 tralia. Sussex district, Preiss, n. 2093 (whose specimens I have not 
seen) ; sa Denis A. and E. Pries. 

3. cupressiformis, Labill. Voy. i. 155, t. 14. Usually a tree of 
PN: 90 ft., the very numerous green wir rigid or filiform Moped 
leafless branches sometimes collected in a dis conical head, sometimes 
loose and pendulous at the extremities, all terete but more or less 


furrowed. Leaves reduced inute alternate scales. Flowers minute, 
in little terminal or lateral very shortly pedunculate spikes of 14 to 
3 lines, each one sessile in a t ach the axil of a 


minute tooth-like bract. Perianth-segments 5, about } line long. 
Anthers divergent, adnate to the margin of a broad almost triangular 
heap n immersed in and Seer aru with the broad sk; 


meria dE Sieb. Pl. n 
ameet Sandy Cape, ri Sire Mn bay, F. Mueller, C. Stuart; 


ens nes 
Po Pt dia bi 8. Brown, Sieber, n. 136; * Cherry tree," Woods 
NS à ei onda Eehibidion 1 1862, n. 161; Hastings river, ' Beckler ; New England, 
mds 
ictoria. Port Phillip, R. Brown, Gunn; Melbourne, Adamson; Yarra river and 
Danton F. Mueller ; Ballarook forest, Whos; Seven: Hill, Hinteracker ; Ararat, 


E Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; common in inet pati of the island, but 
D rien the N. West, J. D. Hooker. 
. . S. Australia. "Memory Cove, R. Brown; near Adelaide, . Ș epeen ; Mount 
_ Torrens and Mount pw F. Mueller; Kangaroo Water 

ustrali specimen from Wilson's Inlet, O/dfield, ink to belong to 
E species, but itis in d Bine only, and the spikes are much longer and more slender 


partea, R. Br. Pro d. 950. An erect shrub of 6 to 8 ft. or 


que eensland. Head of Flinders river, Bonia 
.W. S. Wales. Murray and Darling desert, Herb. F. Mueller. 


090 . CXIV. SANTALACER. [ Ewocarpus. 


ctoria. demi in ay N.W. and along the Murray, F. Mueller, L. Mort 
ustr Enfield, F. Mueller; beyond alt Creek, Behr; Port jr 
Wilhelmi ; ; York Pass Miss Salmon. 
stralia. King George's Sound, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, and many 
ue and thence to Swan and Murchison rivers, Oldfield, Preiss, n. 2125 and 2106 
(the latter incautiously mue LA Miq. in Pl. Preiss. 1. 614 to his Leptomeria Leh- 
manni), Drummond, 1st coll 


5. E. aphylla, R. Br. Prod. 357. An erect much-branched shrub 


of 4 to 6 ft., growing out sometimes into a small tree poy stout rigid 

teret fail) Risrowed' branchlets, sometimes spinescent at the end. 
ves reduced to minute ovate appressed scales, disteli and very 

deciduous. Flower-spikes ovoid or oblong, sessil short 


pubescent. Flowers 5-merous. Fruit rather small ovoid-globular, 


d ped m 
trun fend by the fall of the perianth-lobes.—A. DC. Prod. xiv. 690; 
erioides, E Muell.; Miq. Stirp. Nov. Holl. ? ; C. le. | 

p voee Peak Downs. Herts F. Mueller ; Armadillo ` Bar 

S. Wales. Field’s a nd Liverpool plains, = Cunni ningham, Pes Lachlan 
and Darling rivers, Victorian € other Expedition 
ictoria. aye, F. Mue 

' Islands off the S. coast and Memory Cove, R. Brown; scrub on | 

pos "Murray, vod and thence to St. Vincent’s Gulf, F. Mueller ; York "Peninsula, 


w. M" Drummond, 3rd coll. n. 101. 

E. dasystachys, Schlecht. in Linnea, xx. 580, from the author's description, must 
be this apais but the specimens so named i in Herb. F. Mueller appear to me to belong 
some to Æ. stricta, and others to E. spar 

6. E. homaloclada, Moore and Muell. in F. Muell. Fragm. viii 
An erect. glabrous shrub of 10 to 15ft., the flowering ene very 


fi 
that a barren specimen with o fag Tod or “heaps Mee a ml 
i m 


N. S. s Tad n 8 ps o Mor "eig habit of the flowering spe- 
— is precisely. that of a Psilotus pum no resemblance or affinity (6X- — 
epting as to generic Characters) with ide ‘Norfolk island E. “pyllanthotiles; pur is very — 
dise) allied to E. s ; 


R. Br. Prod. 3857. An erect gialirone shrub of several s 


vi . 
feet, the ed slender and striate, but usually with 2 or 3 very - 
prominent angles, leafless at the time of rai ing es on the r 
very young shoots only, subulate, 4 to nearly 2 lines long, leaving a : 
hey fall off a minute triangular tooth-like Flo ln Se 
sessile axillary clusters, often only 2 together, and ne 
g 


8 
sters of 2 or 3 flowers each in the same axil, mostly 4-merous, a 
uit neat 


Exocarpus. | CXIV. SANTALACEJE. 231 


globular, smaller than in Æ. cupressiformis, rarely above 2 lines diameter 
and the thickened pedicel much smaller and white (or red ?).—A. DC. 
Prod. xiv. 690; Hook. A Fl. Tasm. i. 336. 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown ; Hastings and Macleay rivers, — 
New England, C. Stuart ; Bine Mou nteins, A. "Cunnin ngham, Fraser ; Berrima 
pete LE EINE Victorian Expedition, Mrs. Ford; Twofold yx 
and near Cape 

toria. Buffalo Pin " Delatite river, Wilson's Promontory, F. Mueller ; Wendu 
vale, Moteros 
Í T param ` Derwent river and Port Dalrymple, R. Brown ; common in poor land, 
k 
S. varii gu Cave, R. Brown. 


Var cola, F 
E. aph le, but the bee e as in Æ. stricta, koe ui the clusters may not be so 


4-merous, but erous. Fruit ovoid-o “bling about 2 lines 
ton the ‘succulent Dedicel penis red.—A. DC. Prod. xiv. 691. 
Summit of Table Mountain d Wellington), R. Brown ; Western 
Ctra vr Mount Lapeyrouse, C. Stua 
9. E. nana, Hook. f. i k. Lond. Journ. vi. 981. A dwarf 
prostrate shrub, with numerous xd deeply-furrowed somewhat com- 
pressed branches. Leaves reduced to small tooth-like scales, persistent 
and mostly opposite or nearly so. Flowers apparently anes e the 
males 2 together sessile in the axils, 5-merous and s arcely above 
1 line in diameter, the anther-cella almost parallel, the disk broad and 
b-angled. Females only seen in fruit and then solitary, the drupe or 
nut ovoid, smooth, scarcely 2 lines long, ps thickened id da nt piden 
about as lon ng, the amer -lobes Aggra ceci the C. 
Prod. xiv. 691; Æ. humifusa, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 830, not of R. Br. 
Victoria. idu r Cobberas ster at an he of 6000 ft., F. Mueller. 
"Tasmania. St. Patrick's river, Gunn. 


Orver CXV. BALANOPHOREJE, 
Flowers unisexual, Male flowers: Perianth 3-cleft, "e lobes or 
-segments & 
where there is no perianth stamens free an nd 2 only or solitary ; anthers 
- or bare diei or rarely l-celled. Ovary none. Fem e flowers 


p into a -— lo Ovary l-celled, with a simple termi 
ma. Fruita idis utricle nut or drupe, enclosing an adherent 


- 


939 CXV. BALANOPHOREZ. 


seed.— Stout succulent leafless root-parasites. Ste — a 2 
tuberous often lobed rhizome, with short thick dne: 

replaced by concave scales.. Flowers in dense thick todo ril 
usually very numerous and closely packed. 


; en small Order, chiefly tropical, a in the New and the Old World. One mon 

ypic genus is found as far north as o Modiariantal py another is in New Ze Abad 
in inthe south. The Australian pec vtri over E. India and the Eastern Archi- 
pelago. 


1. BALANOPHORBA, Forst. 


Male perianth replay usually of 3 or 4 but varying from 2 to 8 
segments. Stamens all united; anthers 4-celled. Female donde 
consisting of a naked ovary, terminating in a single style. Scapes 
bearing alternate or imbricate scales and a dicecious or moncecious 

ike; when aries the males occupying the lower, and the 
un the upper portion 

us comprises eight species, natives of E. India, the (dien oe and the S. 
Paeti Donde the only Australian one is found also in the New Hebrides 


1. B. fungosa, Forst. Char. Gen. 99, t. 50. Rhizome short, thick, 

irregularly hak with a minutely gr ranular surface. Sca capes thick, 

to 4 in. high. Scale-like leaves ovate, obtuse, concave, membranous, 

n. Jong. Female flowers exc edin ly numerous and minute 
obular 


each one on‘a pedicel of 14 5 » lines. up fecero M bos 3 or 4, sprea 
ing or reflexed, oblong, concave, about 1 line long. Anthers rese 
iEn mass, on a short stipe perp of the united filaments.— 
f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii , t. 8; Oynomorium. balanophora, 
Willd. Spec. Pl. iv. 177. 
pe sland. Mrs pre AE * on € e of heo Dallachy ; n eres 
in the same bay, M'Gillivr island, New Hebrides.—l 


myself been able to verify dba. Moard ot ‘the ef rare ben here taken the een ; ; 


chiefly from Hooker's above-quoted Mem 


Order CXVI. CONIFERJZE. 


Flowers monæcious or dicecious, the males in deciduous ana the 
females in cones or solitary, all without an perianth. Male catkins 


a common axis, each stamen consisting of a Haratis more or less 
contracted into a stipes at the base and dilated at the apex; anther- 
cells 2 or more, adnate to the stipes or pendulous from under the scale- 
like apex, opening longitudinally in 2 valves. Female cones consisting 
either of opposite verticillate or spirally arranged imbricate scales, with - 

or more erect or inflexed naked orthotropous or anatropous. ovules 
(erect or recurved pistils according to some theorists) within each 


CXVI. CONIFERR, 938 


pistile). Fruit (or syncarp rp Rr a to some) the more or le 


branous (cie m Male catkins solitary or clustered, terminal or rarely 
axillary, female cones auy lateral on short peduncles or terminating 
ponet branc hlets.. 


hemisphere, bat withi the tropics chiefly confined to m The eleven 
Australian genera are all limited to the southern he d icon Jo ocarpus, which 
extends northwards to Japan and to the “West Indies, and that genus Pong: P ecieton 
are in Sou rica as well as in the Old ld. Three othe gon mara, 


me n World. ee other 
aerydium, and Phyllocladus reach from New Zealand to the Arc pela ago. Frene la 
extends only to Now! Caledonia, and the five remaining ones are endemic, mostly mono- 
ple or nearly 
In describing the female organs of this Order, I have made use of the terminology 
corresponding to Brown’s view of their homology, without however intending to dec yor 
den : á 


p 
biem which does not poy to adm fa parein solution. g 8 hi 
been adduced on S eek d side by ervers, none of them abso utely convincing, 
for whicheve er view be ad d there te remains a broa in Angie uM ti 
organs in Gymnos d h supposed ho molo “os in Angios ong, 
therefore ‘ rure cet fea edis s Heec oe dae "E ms best, in describing - 
generic modifications, to make use of the terminology w vhi ea is most conformable to 
actual ipm e, and to consider these organs as naked ovules and seeds, not as pistilg 


and n The genera are also here arranged solely with a view to the practical dis- 
tinction of the few represented in Australia, without reference to the tribes founded on 
the dri e wie v X the coverings of the seed, whether discoid, carpellary, o 
Integument r, besides that the Australian genera are insufficie any clear 


Ora (o or É ipea) à in the axils or on the inner surface of the 
es. 
Leaves pes reduced to scales) — or* opposite. 
with only the innerm n nnermost pairs or 
Vi of iie. bearing ovu 
Leaves or scales in whorls of 3 or 4, Ovules numerous 
within each scale . 1. FRENELA. 
Mo or scales in whorls of 3. Ovules 1 or 2 within each 
2. ACTINOSTROBUS. 
Leaves small thic and jmb idate o site and ‘decussate, 
E ( pM imr ) oppo T ; 
T s (mal "thick, ad ‘inate opposite and decussate. 
: with several series of scales bearing 1 ovule each , 4. Mrcrocacarys, 


234 CXVI. CONIFERX. 


Leaves (rarely reduced to scales) spiral or scattered. ne- 
scales flat, hardened at the en ips Meum Sa the 
ut t appressed, oft 
Male | aüiénta sm all. a tt ns with a p stipes and 2 
anther-cells. Cones small. Ovulesfew. Seeds ins 5. ARTHROTAXIS. 
Male vest te aii en datas ges more than 


s 1 to each s 
Seeds. obovate. ‘oblong, p A to the. WA at the base, not 
winge 6. ARAUCARIA. 
Seeds oblong, 1 free from the ‘scale, ‘winged or on one side . 7. DAMMARA. 
Leaves (sometimes reduced t scales) piral or scattered 
Cones small, scale thickened and concave, with 1 ovule 
each. Seeds mail, the outer integument membranous, 
contracted in ^y a nec 
Leaves See small, thick, eat, imbricate. 
Seeds seated in a m mbranouscup . . . . . 8. Dacryprum. 
jaen n out pa terna, rem brenous cup . 9. PHEROSPHARA. 
Leaves reduced to pail almost verticillate 
ales, with liy leafl like “hombeidal flat branchlets 
llodia . 10. PHYrLOCLADUS. 


or poy 
Ovules 1 or 2, exserted from an oblong fleshy ‘receptacle. Leaves 
os un or ital er sich or flat, with a Pe 
nent midrib 11. PopocARPUS. 


l. FRENELA, Mirb. (partly). 
(Callitris, Vent. (partly); Leichhardtia, Steph. ; Octoclinis, F. Muell.) 


Flowers monccious. Male amenta cylindrical oblong or ovoid, he 
stamens in whorls of 3 or rarely 4, imbricate in twice as many verti 

rows, the scale-like apex ovate orbieular or slightly peltate ; ada 
cells 2 to 4. Female amenta of 6 rarely 8 scales, more or less dis- 

tinctly arranged at the time of flowering in 2 whorls sinant aay 
enlarged outer empty scales. Ovules iet carpels) several within eac 
aee in 8 vertical series, donee and erect. Fruiting-cone glo obular 

r pyramidal, the 6 ra ely 8 sales enlarged and hardened, 

i shortly v PFA at the base, appear ly. anged in a single whorl, and 


a Wes integument, the tuli dived into 2 unequal F 
only 1 wing developed, or very rarely a third rink also pro- 
minent on one face, the abortive seeds mostly enlarged and very flat 
w $ me species there is a more or les 
min entral columella usually 3-angular or 3-lobed, and sometimes 
apparently formed of abortive ovules. Cotyledons 2, rarel 3.— Tree 
shrubs, with slender terete or 8- or rarely 4-an branch 


acicular though short, but generally redu sea to minute we scales, the 1 
decurrent midribs forming the an ngles of internodes as ddr ; 
ale amenta usually small, solitary or clustered at the po a 1 


branches, and rarely a few lateral ones. Female cones on short 


ON 


TeoH er M T SU ETERNI i 


TARNEN 


Frenela.] CXVI. CONIFERJE. 235 


peduncles or branchlets, solitary or clustered, ripening usually the 
second year, and persisting many years after the seeds have fallen 

Besides - ve species, which are all endemic, there are one or two from 
New Caledon 


Fruit-cones — the junction of the valves prominent. 
Co emm €— about 1 in. long, 6-valved. . 


"qe ia speci “1, F. Parlatorei. 
Cones globale d or scarce ely pyramidal ims diameter, mostly 
8-valved. Leaves o nd acicular, 2. F. Macleayana. 


Cones globular, 3 to 2 in. diameter, in Wed Seton rn species 3. F. Roei. 
Fruit-co nes globular, —— v, the. junction of the valves 
F. Drummondii. 
. F. robusta. 
6. F. Muelleri. 


Lo 


e 
i=) 
P 
20 
E 
c 
un 
Bs 
et 
o Ss 
^ 
i=] 
e 
S 
> 
n 
E 
c 
a 
gi 
2 
a 
on 


spec 
Yon globular or “oblong, more or less furrowed at the 
junction 5 ds Miis es, “ea three smaller valves often slightly 


with the dorsal | point n near the 7. F. rhomboidea. 
Cones ovoid or oblong, the inner wp er: valves not much 
ae m ed, with i the small dorsal point near pres eis n 
ale amenta usually solitary. Cones rarely above j in. Pod 
diameter Y qp ee | 8. F. Endlicheri. 
Male amenta usually in threes. Cones usually 3 to nearl T 
Vin, long”, yin y SF mre 


kn 
stout peduncles, ovoid-pyramidal, acuminate, abou t 
valves 6, nearly equal, very thick, smooth outside or nearly so, forming 
prominent angles at their junction. Fertile seeds with one large wing 
and one small one sometimes obsolete.—Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 
447 ; Callitris Parlatorei, F. Muell. l.c. 


Queensland. Darlington Range, W. Hill. 


F cleayana, Parlat. in DO. Prod. xvi. ii. 446. A tall 
pyramidal tree with s reading branches. Leaves in whorls of 4 or 
Sometimes 3, develo 5 on the lower or sometimes on nearly all the 

nches into rigid — — pungent-pointed spreading 


mine of 2 to 4 lines, reduced in of the upper branches to the 
minute scales or teeth of the ie ee a the angles pof the internodes 
y pro Male amenta 2 to 4 lines long.  Fruit-cones sessile, 


236 CXVI. CONIFER, | Frenela. 


22, with a plate; Leichhardtia viste Sheph. Cat. Pl. Cult. Sydn. 
1851, 15, as quoted by F. Mueller 
N. S. Wales. Port Macquarie, acing: ; Hastings river, T'hozet. 
The original specimens have none but the oum TE (eph poer Se 
i et ation) have similar foto leaves in whorls of 4-on the r br eut 
whilst the upper p resemble xe of F. er licheri, uk in their E ier int 
whorls, W. Brisbane specimens (without fruit) appear to me to belong to F. 
ndlicheri, Which has also Raniotetly pte leaves on the lower branches 


3. F. Roei, Endl. Syn. Conif. 30. A shrub or tree with flexuous 
branchlets, stouter than in any other species, the internodes very 
angula e amenta unkno Fruit-cones shortl ndisse or 


opens, as in s po meting species, but unequal as in several p f the 
following ones, nearly-smooth outside, de larger valves with a promi- 
nent dorsal oonical Shit. below the apex as in F. rhomboidea. Fertile 

i large and 1 small wing.—Parlat. in DC. Prod. 
xvi. ii. 448 ; F., sub subcordata, Parlat. in Enum. Sem. Hort. Flor. 1862, 
24, and in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 446. 


ket Ki ; id, 4 
oot of Pes y Endlich v nge, F. Mueller.—I have not seen esi specimens, 
lato 


the name of F. Roei in Herb. Hook. Baxter's plant is ee nly the same as 
ond's; the species is readily known by its Hout branchle 


4. F. Drummondii, Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. den A shrub or 
tree with the angular internodes of F. Endlicheri. Male amenta unknown. 
Fruit-cones on stout short’ peduncles, mostly solitary, ‘strictly Lr 
without prominent angles, about 4 in. diameter or rather e, the 
» ves thick, nearly equal or alternately rather shorter and dee qe 

trietly v valvate, smooth or slightly rugose on the back, with a minute 
dora €—— below the apex 

Towards Cape Riche, Drummond, oth coll., n. 433 ; Salt, Gard- 
ner, igit Pomel rivers and Esperance A Maxwell. 


ocius size, dun ex sina ", ), misil ae s 
a tall shrub, the crowded branchlets short and erect, often slender an 
glaucous, the internodes terete or with ver use angles, never 50 


rv gites as in the other species, the scales or teeth small and — 
ale amenta solitary or in threes, 2 to 4 lines long, more slender an 
looser than in F. rhomboidea and F. Endlicheri. Fruit-cones solitary oT 


point, "Seeds usually 2-winged, the central saa 


1 


i er ITUNUP B TEENS PNE eee IRR RE M 


Frenela.] CXVI. CONIFERE.” 237 
somewhat prominent.—Parlat. in DO. Prod. xvi. ii. 450 ; Callitris 
robusta, R. Br . Herb.; F. propinqua, A. Cunn. (Callitris propinqua; 


. B . yr ER 
R. Br.), Mirb. lc.; F. crassivalvis, wre? Stirp. Nov. Holl. Muell. 1; 
Callitris ripen ye | in Pl. Preiss. i. 643; F. canescens, Parlat. in DC. 
Ne ii. 448; F. Gulielmi, Parlat. l.c. 449? 
stralia. York Sound, Regent’s river, and eam bay, vo E coast, A, 
ei ema Mackenzie river, F, Mue ller; Port Dar n, Sch 
p eorn nsland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; : Gilbert. aie, Cais, ee river, 
owman. 
: S. Wales. Blue Mountains, A. Cunn et eie and on all ve barren lands of 
the interior from thence to the Darling and Murray rivers and to rrier range, 
unningham, Fraser, uds ie iia indi other pr dinelitiig; New England, 
C. St xesh Mount Lindsa 
Vic ount Brown, Hennes, s Gulf, Kangaroo island, R. oot; Port Phillip 
and Muy river, F, ar r. 
m tralia. Enfield, St. Vincent's and Spencer's Gulfs, F. Mueller. 
i iddi le island, Goose isla nd bay , R. Brown ; King George 's Sound 
dide iji districts, Baxter we sr Swan river, Preiss, n 
Drummond, 1st ol, gus (3rd coll. ?) n. 186; . Hottenest island, A. PEehlews eal cigs 
in Roe’s and oth 


. F. mic const 1 
Cunn. Herb. ; . intratropica, uell. Herb. ; F'. or Callitris ALERT F. Muell. 


Fragm. v. 198; Parlat. m DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 4515: F. Mons Parlat. in DC. 


xvi. n. 449. To this belong most of the northern specimens, also Richmond and 
Clarence ers Beckler, Henderson, C. Moore ; Moreton Sind, Northern woods, Pari 
62. 


tin] 5, C. Moore, n. 


errucosa. Cones ze rge, with ER vea e on backs of the valves. F.v 
gon), Pu Cunn. e vin rrucosa, R. ai Mem. Mus. Par. xiii. 74; Parlat. 
C. Prod. xvi. P. tuberculata ( Callies tuberculata, R. Br.), Mirb. Lc 
car with the smoothe valved form in the interior of N. S S. Wales, i in S. Australia and 
ustralia. 


6. F. Muelleri, Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 450. A tree attaining 
20 to 30 ft., with the angular internodes and clustered male amenta of 
F. australis, but the branches stouter and the fruit-cones more like those 
of F. robusta , globular, $ to lin. diameter, neither angled nor furrowed, 
the valves 6, very thick, strictly valvate, rugose outside, with a min nute 
dorsal point below the summit, the smaller valves about half the 
breadth of the larger ones though not very much shorter.— P. fruticosa, 

- Cunn. Herb., but probably not Callitris Ane ua R. Br. 

S. Wales. Port — Ys — » Thozet ; a A. Cunning- 
ham, Frazer, Miss Atkinson.—The species requires rd m inventi 

7. F. rho ibis Endl. igh Conif. 36. A tree described som 
times as 20 to 95 ft. high, sometimes as double that height, the nece 
rather — often drooping, angular when young, “the small scales 
= € uch more acute than in F. australis. Male amenta solitary or 

small o e bu. e.  Fruit-cones often clustered on short 
D igote globular, ivt exceeding jin. diameter in the typical forms ; 
valves 6, alternately smaller, the larger ones dilated into a broadly 


- thomboidal apex with a short conical protuberance about the centre 


238 CXVI. CONIFERJE, - [ Frenela. 


and usuall yn rugose, the alternate ones much shorter, with a broad base 

- slightly overlapping the others on the margin, at least when young, 

unopen cone furrowed at the junctions. Seeds 2-winged, the 

híc of the win ae 7. variable.—Parlat. in DC. Prod, xvi. 

ii. 447 ; Hook. f. FI. . i. 952; Callitris rhomboidea, R. Br. in Rich. 
. Mu 


Conif. 47, t. 18; Fr m (Ponto ad Mirb. in Mem. Mus. Paiva xiii. 74; 
uya australis, Poir. Dict. Suppl. v. 302; Cupressus australis, Desf. Cat. 
Hort. P of Persoon ; Callitris cupressiformis, Vent 
G ec. 10; Frenela australis, Endl. Syn f. 37, not of 


Brown; Callitris arenosa, Sweet, Hort. Brit. 473; Frenela arenosa, A. 
Cunn. ; ” Endl. Syn. Conif. 38; Parlat. in DC. "Prod. xvi ii 451; 
F. "€ Spach, Suit. Bu ff. xi. 345; Endl. Syn. Conif 36; 
F. attenuata, A. Cunn. Herb. 
MEDIAE Maii island, F. Mueller ; Stradbrooke island (Fraser ?). 
S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, di JD. Hooker ; Sydney here Paris 


Exhibition Pet's Sie Ke n. 151; New ; Engl and, C. Stuart; and southw 
Illawarra, Shepherd on ont woods, one ica district, London Exhibition 1862, 
n. 2 ; Twofold bay, F. 
rampians, oo ita her. 

E A n: pe rt's river, Onkaparinga, Blandowski. 

V anica. s4 b fd in., thick and rugose at the back, the dorsal point or 
prominence less ru inre mcd Bay Pine. 

owe Oyster Ne Ouan, and others. 


ata, Dorsal conical point of the nid cone-valves very prominent.— 
iind. F. Mueller ; Mount Sturgeon, Robertson. 


dlicheri, Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 449. A tree of 60 to 
100 ft., closely resembling F. australis and F. rhomboidea as to its angular 
neca and small scales or teeth, except in the young lant "- 
i acicular leaves like those of F. Macle ay "tase 
usual 7 solitary, short and compact.  Fruit-cones Vra] y prem on 
gsc and of the size of Pieve of F. rhomboidea, but nearer 
ert to those of F. australis, about 4 in. diameter, the 3 larger a fe 
but fite o or go at all dilated cial “the dorsal’ point very near the 


Queens Wide bay, Bidwill, also probably Octoclinis Backhousi 
Mon 2 Queensland woods, London Exhibition 1862, W. Hill, n. 4 shout 
ower or 
N. S. Wales. Lachlan river and M l plains, A. Cu ham, Leichhardt ; 
Berrima, Woolls ; Darling river, H. L oeng dc wom 

Victoria. Futter’s Trace, F. po ATE 

Var. mucronata, Cone-valves produced me a a ek almost terminal point —F. 
Gunnii, var. mucronata, Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 450.—Mount Mitchell, Beckler. 


9. F. australis, ; Mirb. in Mem. Mus, Par. xiii. 74, not of — 
Endl, A bush or ade des of - to 25 ft. viti p dense branches, 


Se eee ee 


"DOR E EEE ag a a a i ai a ih 


Frenela.] CXVI. CONIFERJE. 239 


the internodes prominently triangular, with small teeth or scales. Male 
amenta very small, usually 3 together. Fruit-cones ovoid or : 


margins equally or unequally winged.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 352 
t. 97; Callitris oblonga, Rich. Conif. 49, t. 18, £. 25 €. Gunnii, Hook. f. 
in Hook. Lond. Journ. iv. 147; Frenela Gunnii, Endl. Syn. Conif. 
98; Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 450, also according to Parlatore, 
F. variabilis, Carr. and F. macrostachya, Gord 

Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; abundant on the gravelly banks of the 
South Esk river near Launceston, &c., J. D. Hooker. It is probably a Tasmanian 
specimen of this species that R. Brown had originally designated under the name of 
Callitris fruticosa, which does not occur in his herbarium. 


2. ACTINOSTROBUS, Miq. 


Flowers moneecious. Male amenta oblong, the stamens in whorls of 
3, imbricate in 6 vertical rows ; anther-cells 2 to 4. . Female amenta 
globular or. acuminate, the scales imbricate in whorls of 3, all closely 


globular or acuminate, the 6 inner much enlarged scales becoming 
almost valvate in a single whorl, with 6 or 12 of the outer barren 


. Fertile seeds usually only one to each scale, 3-winged, the 
codes ones also more or less enlarged but only 2-winged, the central 


fe on very short peduncles, or almost sessile, in the axils of the 
eaves, 


The genus is endemic in Western Australia. F. Mueller proposes to reunite it with 
Callitris and Frenela, but the habit, the numerous imbricate scales of the female 


Scale-like p of the stamens very obtuse. Fruit-cones globular 
Toro adumbik: 70790 ee a 
Scale like apex of the stamens acutely acuminate. Fruit-cones 
Pris an at the top into a neck with short spreading terminal 
"- x id : . . - B . o * E . . . B . . . 


1. A. pyramidalis. 


2. A. acuminatus. 
l. A. pyramidalis, ig. in Pl. Preiss. i. 644. A densely branched 
1 


a C pIa s Miq r 
oon glabrous shrub. Lower leaves sometimes 


and obtuse. Male amenta 1 to 2 lines long, the 
amens orbicular, very obtuse and not keeled. 


a d s pe 
Female amenta w et only 2 or 3 lines diameter consisting of | 


; hen as 
: 4 to 6 whorls of 3 scales each, all imbricate in alternate series, but as 


940 CXVI. CONIFERJE. [Actinostrobus. 


the cone enlarges, those of the 2 inner Srvlonbenring whorls become 
strictly valva either remain very obtuse or become shortly 
acuminate ; “i e attains in. diameter or s and each fertile 
valve has a broad st ri one aA HC qs to 2 or 3 lines diameter so 
closely appressed to its base as to appear adnate, and sometimes a 
second outer one enlarged to nearly half its size.—Endl. Conif. 40; 
Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 444; Callitris actinostrobus, F. Muell. 
Rep. abu Exp. 19. 

WV. Australia. King George's Sound, Baxter ; and thence to Swan river, Preiss, 
n. 1311, Drummond, 1st coll. and 3rd coll. n. 234, Oldfie ld ; Miu river, Oldfield. 

9. A. acuminatus, Parlat. Enum. Sem. Hort. Flor. 1862, 25, and in 
DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 445. A small pA densely branched "shrub, our 


minating in.a fine acute point. Penice of the size and "trot 
of those of A. pyramidalis, but contracted at the tp dub a distinct 
neck, each valve terminating in a short spreading point. 

b Australia. Between Moore and Murchison rivers, Drummond, 6th coll. 
n. 


3. DISELMA. Hook. f. 


rs dicecious, P. amenta terminal Male amenta ovoid or 


at the base of each of th er ones. uit-cones small, globular. 
Seeds 3-winged.—Erect atid with small p closely appressed 
ves, 
The genus is limited to a single species, endemic in Tasmania. 
. D. Archeri, Hook. f. Fl. Tusm. i. 358, t. 98. An erect densely 
tena vide af 5 to 15 ft. Leaves clo Tx imbricate but strictly 
€ 


tern Miis "v St. t. Clair, s : sn dent &c., 


as Gunn 
With the foliage of “Microcachrys this is more nearly allied to Frenela in Fe uctification. a 
mistake, owing to which the female plant was described as a rostrate, altho ugh — 
rodrom 


cleared up by Archer, has been omitted to be corrected in the P. 
4. MICROCACHRYS, Hook. f. 


Flowers dicecious, the amenta terminal. Male amenta ovoid, con 
sisting of several pairs of opposite stamens, the stipes very short, the 


eeled, about } line a E 
ick 


HS RECON 


pee CXVI. CONIFERUE. - 241 


c 
succulent. Seeds nearly erect, not winged, the outer integum 
e or less fleshy.— rostrate "reci ith small opposite closely 
appressed leaves. 
The genus is limited to a single species, endemic in Tasmania. 


- 1. M. tetragona, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. i. 358, t. 100... A prostrate 
densely d shrub. Leaves closely Labtfistal but strictly opposite 
and decussate, very obtuse, thick and keeled, and 4 line long on the 
branchlets, more acute and 3 line ong. on some of the older branches. 

Male amenta small and recurved. — Fruit-cones recurved or almost erect, 

nearly 3 lines long, the scales a im bricate, concave, thick suc- 
culent and scarlet when ripe. Seeds becoming almost erect, the outer 
integument wend at least at the base.— Bot. Mag. t. 5576; Arthrotazis ? 
__ tetragona, . Pl t. 560; Dacrydium “tetragonum, Parlat. 

E DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 496. 


Tasmania. Summits of the Western ners Gunn, Archer, F. Mueller. 


The foliage of — B agre is so entirely that of the Diselma which gr n the same 
mountains, that 3 at first taken for M female of the same tihi although the 
one is al ays abe and the other erect; the cones are, however, totall erent, 


integuments of the seed. In the —€— mim eue m T integument is shortly cup- 
^ ; 


5. ARTHROTAXIS, Don. 


Flowers moneecious on different branches, the penes terminal and 
small. Male amenta consisting of numerous ond X 


verse hilum two lonri- 
tudinal wings, the integument penike i Cotyledon ns i Dedss 
branched trees. Leaves small, in close spires, either very short obtuse 
. and appressed or lanceolate and looser. ruit-cones s sessile. 
The genus 5 limited to the three Tasmanian species, but is : ose. allied — 
1 Chinese Cunninghamia, that Zuccarini proposed the union of the 
; Leaves ids aiken very obtuse, 1 to 13 lines "e ka 


pns a prbioolar a at the apex be Laos lee i 1. A. cupressoides. 
aves looser, acute, 14 to 2 lines lon t-scales sho wee 
“acuminate. : apnd , 2. A. lazifolia. 


Leaves sd jincurved, acute, 3 to 4 ines lon | Fitacales 
pee t the apex i. 8. A. selaginoides.: 
R 


249 CXVI. CONIFERZ. —— [Arthrotazis. 


Don in Trans. Linn. Soe. xviii. Pei t. 18, f. 2; 


appare l ite. Leaves closely appressed and densely covering 
he branches, broad, very obtuse, thick and keeled, 1 to 13 lines I- 
ot ro it-cones rarely diameter when open, the dil 


tially about 3 to ea j : 

Tasm. i. — Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. i 433; Oun aiser cupres- 

soides, Zucc. in Sieb. Fl. Jap. ii. 9; Arthrotaxis imbricata, Maule 
— 


nia. Lake ^e: —_— Western Mountains, Pine river, Gunn, and others ; 
Lake erway F. Mue 


2. A. Oo Hd Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 079. A tree of 25 to 30 ft. closely 
allied to A. eupressoides, from which it differs in the leaves less closely 
appressed although imbricate, acute, and mostly about 2 MR long, 

e cones rather larger with the scales more acuminate, thus form- 
ing an approach as it were to the A. selaginoides.—H ook. f. Bs i 
354; Par e in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 434 ; A. Doniana, Park. (Parlatore). 
Tasmania r the summits of the Western Mountains, at an elevation of 3000 
to 4000 ft., rally T dw. F. Mueller. 
` ' The leaves of young plants sent by Gunn are not elongated as in A. selaginoides. 


3. A. s inoides, Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. 172, 14 A 
stouter tea than the two other species, attaining 45 ft. AR loosely 
imbricate, lanceolate, acute, keeled, incurved, 3 to 4 lines long, those 
of the young see ling gs more linear, s eading, din. long. Fruit-cones 
4 to 2 in. diameter, the scales CRAS in a lanceolate point. Seeds 
usually à to 6 under each scale.— Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 574; Hook. f. Fl. 
Tasm. i. 954; Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 434; Cunninghamia sela- 

Ross Zucc: in Sieb. Fl. J ap. ii. 9; Arthrotaaxis "alpina; Van Houtte 
(Parlato re). 

Tasmania. Western Mountains, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 ft., Gunn, Archer, 
F. Mueller. 


6. ARAUCARIA, Juss. 


. Araucaria.] CXVI. CONIFER. 243 


The genus ranges over extratropical and subtropical South America, New Zealand, 
and some of the South Pacific Islands. The Australian species are both endemic. 
Leaves rigidly acicular, 2 to 6 lines long. Fruit-cones about 

BASIE anr chav iacte 0 4. T aiao ahaoe be elle NM 
Leaves lanceolate, 3 to 14 in. long. Fruit-cones about 9 in. long 2. A. Bidwilli. 

à Cunninghamii, Ait. in Sweet, Hort. Brit. 475. A tree with 
a pyramidal or somewhat flattened head, attaining in some situations 
150 to 200 ft., in others remaining much smaller, Leaves crowded in 


. dense spires, rigidly acicular and very acute, those of the barren 
. branches often spreading, straight, vertically compressed, with the 
dorsal rib decurrent and 1 to 1 i ng, those of the flowering branches 


Queen Port Bowen, R. Brown; Brisbane river, Moreton bay, extending 80 
miles inland, and northward to lat. 14°, A. Cunningham, Leichhardt ; Rockhampton, 
ueller; Burdekin river, Fitzalan. Known as the “ Moreton bay Pine." 
- Wales. Hastings and Clarence rivers, Beckler. 
In general aspect and in foliage the tree much resembles the Norfolk Island Pine 
(4. excelsa), but the cones are very different. 


2. A. B L ot. ii. 503, t. 18. A tree, 
attaining from 100 to 150 ft. in height, with a remarkably stout trunk 
and smooth bark, the branches usually in whorls of about 16, crowded 
at the top of the tree. Leaves i e 


re iam 

4 in. long and 3 broad, tapering towards their winged base, the ter- 
s obovate, 2 to 24 in. long 

and 2 in. broad.— Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 371. 

Queensland. Brisbane range, N.W. of Moreton bay, Bidwill; between Cleveland 

qr ockingham bays, W. Hill; Condamine, Dawson, and Burnett rivers, Leich- 


R2 


244 CXVI. CONIFERÆ. [.Dammara. 


7. DAMMARA, Rumph. 
(Agathis, Salisb.) 


Flowers dicecious, the amenta sessile or nearly so. Male amenta 
€ or lateral, cylindrical, surrounded by a few imbricate scales at 
the base; stamens numerous, in close spires, the imbricate scale-like 
apices thick, clavate or orbicular and slightly incurved. Anther-cells 
5 to 16, cylindrical, pendulous, in 1 or "2 transverse row emale 
amenta lateral or terminal, the scales numerous, with 1 reversed ovule 

e 


Besides B KERN species which is endemic, there are one "Sl East India E 
the Aokipelazô, one from New Zealand, and two or perhaps three from New Caledonia ia 


1. D. robusta, C. Moore; F. Muell. in Trans. Pharm. Soc. Vict. ii. 174. 
A tree, attaining a height of nearly 150 ft., the rue its nearly verti- 
cillate. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, shortly acu- 

b 


gerne sion the us fom n near Wide bay, pin 
and bre 
It is RUM mora) a slip of the pen that Parlatore (in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 316) in- 
cludes Hollan the area of the Kauri Pine, D. australis, Lam., for Mercuty 
bay, the special iri r piven, is in New Zealand. 


8. DACRYDIUM, Soland. 


Flowers dicecious or rarely moneecious. Male amenta ovoid or Cy li 

drical. Stamens several, spirally arranged, imbri nne very s 

tracted at the base, the apex incurved. y md > 

in 2 valves. Female amenta pt a ry ra smal ved scales i 
si erse 


t 
the inner crustaceous.— Trees or shrubs. Leaves small ine clo 
imbricate, or on the young plants longer and linear. Amenta 
terminal. 


pss 


Dacrydium.] ` CXVI. CONIFERZ, 245 


The genus is dispersed over the Indian Archipelago, New Caledonia, and New 
Zealand; the Tasmanian species is endemic. 

arg EM Rate pepe Lond. Journ, iv. 159, t. 6, and 

357, t. 100. A tree attaining sometimes 100 ft. though 


otten quadrifarious. Male amenta (on pi seen m an eae RN ide 
gear cylindrical, consisting of stein 12 it-cones 
short, decurved, consisting of 4 to 8 dior ibin persistent 

le 


mtegument membranous with a minute Aang the inner one crustaceous, 

— Parlat. in v Prod. xvi. ii. 495; D. Huronense, A. Cunn. Herb. 
Tasmania. Southern and wes ts of the island, A. Cunningham, and others. 
* Huron P. Pine" of the colonists. 


9. PHEROSPHZERA, Archer. 


ers dicecious. Male amenta ovoid-globular. Stamens several, 


^. Flow 
spirally arranged, very shortly c contracted at the base, the incu rved 


X not so broad a d anther. Anther-cells 2, parallel, Yen sth 
wards in 2 valves. p» e amenta ovate, with several spirally arr 
Scales, and a a single erect ovule within eac Fruit-cones ovoid, the 
Scales thickened at ad put concave. Seeds (as yet ee 
ovoid-oblong, he intecument green, loose, contracted i 

néck open and crenulate [S the orifice d sometimes * longitudinally 


at the apex bát bim about 4 line long. Seed small.—Hook. f. Fl. 
Tasm. i. 355, t. 99; Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 497. 
Tasmania. Moin near Lake St. Clair, Gunn; high alpine flats, Mount Field 


10. PHYLLOCLADUS, Rich. 
(Thalamia, Spreng.) 
wers monoecious (or sometimes diccious ?). Male amenta cylin- 


 _ Flow 
. Wrical, surrounded by bracts at the base. Stamens imbricated, con- 


246 | CXVI. CONIFER. [ Phyllocladus. 


tracted into a very short stipes, the scale-like apex ct ^ anos 2, 
adnate. Female p of a very few scal gm or. 


Besides the Ansteeling species which is endemic, there is one from New Zealand and 
another from Born 


x rhomboidalis, Xich. Conif. 130, t. 3. A slender tree, at- 
taining lep tt. but reduced: to a shrub an Hn summits of mountains, the 
he branches more or less verticillate, the cladodia or deciduous 

eaf-like branchlets cuneate or rhomboidal, obtuse, obtusely toothed or, 
lobed, ł to 2 in. long, the real leaves or scales v ery small and subulate 
or fine-poin nted. Male amenta usually 2 or 3 together, 9 to 4 lines 
emales globular and about 2 lines ae or sometimes lengthen- 

ing out in fruit to 3 or 4 lines, with 1, 2, or 3 fertile scales surmounted 
by 1 or 2 barren ones. Seeds scarcely exceeding the scales.— Hook. f. 
Tasm. i. 358; Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. 40D; P. Billardieri, 
Mirb. in Mem. Mus. Par r. xii. 76; P. aspleni wie, Hook. f. in Hook. — 
Lond. Journ. iv. 151; Podocarpus asplenifolia; Labill Pl. Nov. "Hol. ik c 
71; t. TN Thalamia Psa Spreng. Syst. 

Pikia a. Derw r, R. Brown ; apr in a lirei in the mountainous 
and PARVA parts of “the pest J. D. Hoo. 


1l. PODOCARPUS, L'Her. 


brin imbricate ; "anthen-cells 2. Female Bimente of 9 to 4 br acts ¢ or 


receptacle, unequally 2- or 4-toothed at the apex. Ovules 1 or 
exserted, reversed and adnate to an erect stipe from within the larger 
teeth or bracts of the receptacle. Seeds drupaceous, the nu ucle 
ean nies in a double integument, the outer one succulent, the inner onè - 
ong. nica with 2 short coty ledons and an inferior radicle.-—Tre® "d 
or shrubs. Leavesalternate or rarel ppposite, usually POistichous an 
flat, with a prominent midrib. ud ly. Amenta axillary oF 
terminal, solitary or several together, Sale or shortly racemose. ` 
The genus is dispersed over the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World, | 
from South Africa and New Zealand k Japan, and over the whole of South America 
The Australian Bed are all endem 
eina broadly oblong a or Jer " to 10 in. p" Male 
amenta 1 to 13 in. lon . 1. P. elata. 


T 
us 


Podocarpus.] CXVI.. CONIFERE. 247 
spas kinan, acute, 13 to 3 in. long.’ Male amenta 2 to 4 lines 


ene og ae cra Male amenta clustered in the axils. 


Eastern spec . 2, P. spinulosa. 
' Leaves tig piu but scarcely pungent. Male amenta usually 
soli estern species . 8,.P. Dr remmpvionas: 


Leaves em not Du 4 in. Male amenta small and solitary 4. P. alpina. 


. P. elata Br. ; Mirb.in Mem. Mus. Par. xiii. 75. A tree of 
50 to 100 ft. Lave oblong-iear or broadly incur lnceolats very 
variable in size, on some specimens with young flowers 14 to 2 in. long 
and 1 in. wide and quite straight, in the o inar Piers 3 to 6 in. long 
and 4 to 6 lines brond, stinighi or slightly faleate, on some barren 
specimens 8 to 10 in. long $ in. wide and much faloate, acute or rather 
obtuse, the midrib promine ent, the petiole very sh Male amenta 
clustered 2 or 3 toget ex sessile, 1 to 1 lo ny surrounded b 
several short scales or brac male et 2 to 3 lines long, soli- 
a 


ines long, with usually only one mion mieti or globular, 4 to 6 lines 
diameter.—Parlat. in DC. Prod. 017; P. ensifolia, R. Br.; 

irb. lc.; Parlat. lc.; P. falcata, T ion Herb. 

Queensland. Cape Grafton, A. Cunningham; Brisbane river, Moreton bay, 
F. Mueller ; Rockingham ba ` Dallachy. 

N. S. Wales. Hunter's and Paterson riv vers, R. Brow wn; ewm river, Fraser; 
Hunter's river, Leichhardt ; ee and nece big Richmond river, 
"Henderson; llawa rra, A, Cunn: ingham, Macarthu 


. Br.; Mirb. in Mem. Mus, Par 


ine 
bracts below the leaves of the young branches, with 2 small opposite 
bracteoles MORE under the oblon ng 2-lobed autres Seeds 
jag than A m ta,—Parlat. in DC. Prod. xvi. ii. uxus 

sa, Sm. i a xxxv.; P. pungens, Caley: Don in Lamb. 

Pin. a 2, 193 | (Parlato 

N. S. Wales. Port DES Caley, Woolls, and others. ‘Native Plum or 
Damson,” . 

3. P. Drou : Fragm. iv. 80, t. 31. A shrub or 
tree, with virgate branches. Leaves crowded, linear, 2 to 3in. long, 


e BUG, Prod xvi 


W. A , Drummond, 2nd coll. n. 153, 154, 8rd. coll. m. 199, 200; Vasse 
river, idilar ; dare plains, Tone river, Maxwell. 


248 CXVI. CONIFERJE: [ Podocarpus. 


; Mirb. in ven Mus. Par. xiii. 75. — 


Pierio nro p € usually low, Miiotunos attaining 
ft. Leaves crowded, "linear, FORME or falcate, rigid, varying from 
ps long and obtuse to $ in. and acute, especially on luxuriant barren 
ranches. 


Male amenta 2 to 3 lines ong. usually solitary and gem 
or nearly so in the axils. Fruits much smaller tha any 
the ori the fleshy receptacle about 11 Hee ronga sessile ; in the axil, 
seed not CH ong. — Hook. f. Fl. T i. 956; Parlat. 
C. Prod. xvi ii. 020; JP. Lawrencii, nada £O in Hook. Lond. 
Jc ourn. iv. 151. 
vi iod: ‘Mount Butler, Hardinge's range, Cobberas mountains, at an elevation of 
"E to 6000 ft., F. Mueller 
smania. Mou ut Wellington (Table monni) R. Brown; Mountain localities 
at an pomum of 3000 to 4000 ft., J. D. Hoo 
The P. Lawrencii can scarcely be considered as a distinct yit for it appears to 
be the form assumed by the luxuriant fait sw of young plan 


Ordrer CXVII. CYCADEA. 


Flowers unisexual; without any perianth. Male flowers forming 
catkins or cones consisting of numerous spirally arranged imbric cated 
m n i the con 


i led 
scales (or stamens), more or less cuneate, bearing o cea 
f their e surface numerous sessile or rarely stipita 
anther-cells, each openi alves; the upper imbricate and 


the old leaves. ves form ane d n at the apex of the stem, 2 
or rie ai. Oha sessile or de "hbri podniitité within the 
7 es. 


The O her 
tropical Asia. Of the tbree A n genera one is also in Asi ver Africa, the eot 
two are endemic. The theoretical signifi e$ of the outer coating of the ov 

seeds, whether carpellary or or seminal, is, as in the Conifera, still a subject of com 

tion. 


CXVII. CYCADE X. 249 


Leaves simply pinnate. Pinnæ linear, with a prominent midrib, - 

Female scales elongated, woolly, with 2 or more erect ovules on 

each side in marginal notches . . . o s e+e + + s ol Cycas, 
Leaves simply pinnate. Pinus linear, with several longitudinal 

sc : 

on each side under the thickened acuminate apex. . . . . . 2. Macrozamia. 
Leaves doubly pinnate. Pinnules obliquely ovate or broadly falcate, 
with scarcely prominent veins. Cones of Macrozamia, but the 
pex of the scales truncate . 20. 2 g s 9o ee ia 3. BOWENIA. 


1. CYCAS, Linn. 


_ Leaves simply pinnate, the pinnæ numerous, linear, with a prominent 
` midrib, circinnate in vernation.— Leaves long, simply pinnate, the pinne 
numerous, linear, with the midrib prominent underneath. 

The genus extends over the Indo-Australian region, reaching Madagascar and the 
east coast of Africa to the westward and Japan to the northward, The Australian one 
or more species are believed to be endemic, but the distinctive characters are very in- 
sufficiently known. 

l. C. media, R. Br. Prod. 348. Trunk sometimes mig, £ to 
10 ft. sometimes twice that height, rarely branched at the top. Leaves 


recurved, mostly slightly decurrent on the rhachis, glabrous or slightly 
ee when young, the longer ones varying from 3 to 8 inches, the 
into small prickles which are sometimes very few or scarcely any, 
sometimes continued almost to the base of the petiole. Cones variable 


otherwise resembles. Seeds 1 to 14 in. long, glabrous—A. DC. Proa. 
vi. ii. 527. 


N. Australia. North-west and north coasts, A. Cunningham ; Port Essington, 
Armstrong ; Escape cliffs, Hulls. : 
ueensland. Burnett and Dawson rivers, F. Mueller; Cape Upstart, Burdekin 
Expedition ; Rockingham bay and Mouut Elliott, Dallachy ; Rockhampton, T'hozet ; 
Castlereagh bay ( W. Hill ?). 
Three Australian species of Cycas have been described, the above C media, C. angu- 
. 348, A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 527, and C. gracilis, Miq. in Versl. K. Akad. 
Wet. Amsterdam, xv. 366, A. DC. l.c. 528; but whether these three are really distinct, 
m 


+ tet. ’ 


cir- 
nes, which 


X ith, , Roxb.) an ; 
cinnalis, Roxb.) are distinguished most readily by the scales of their male 


950 CXVIL, CYCADER, [ Cycas. 


unknown in the grea ority of the Australian specimens. I have only seen tw 
both i in F. Mueller 8 vcra ; in both the scales are much smaller than in the cae 
cies. one, belonging to Hull's Escape “Cliff pure they are rather narrow, 
1 


in 

1 to ui in. long, an the anther- -cells cover rather less of the under surface, not reaching 
to the ,and ceasing rather lower down. ese were descri y Miquel as his 

e gracilis, but there are no leaves with them. In the C. gracilis of our gardens, the 
ds are small with the rhachis s furfuraceous. In Castlereagh bay specimens 


similar small leaves are slightly wo ubescent; in almost all other specimens the 
- aves are very glabrou e have female cone-scales of several specimens 

varying much in the number of ovules or seeds they bear, 2 argi 

I am quite unable to connect thes nr kane with any characters vable from the 

leaves. Iti ed on resident botanists in tropical otra carefully to 

co to match with accu al emale cones with the s of all these 


species or varieties of Cycas, in order to determine their systemic va 


2, MACROZAMIA, Min. 


on the under side, with several parallel equal veins, the who'e le 
RERUM: slightly twisted in some species, but not constantly so in 
any one. 


The genus is limited to ined d there represents the South African Ence- 


rios, with which F. Mueller proposes to reunite it. The latter e! has, ae 
ever, a much more rigi ie ed very bid or truncate cone-scales, which, togethé 
with the geographical distribution, s to warrant the following Mique bl 
Candolle, in maintainin o genera as distin Still less does it seem advisa ea 
again to reduce these Ola World forms to the American genus Zamia, haracterized 
the articulate attachment of t æ as well as he cones. It owever, a mue f 
ul: tter to characterize the species of Macrozamia. With regard to two 9 
. Paulo-Gulielmi, there can be no doubt, but the T^ 
ainder are very puzzling; for although we pare at ^ Mie appa rently distin 


forms of fructification, and at least, twice as many marked form f foliage, ne d 
ery bona matched with c eino in our wild specimens, and ver | fov have produc it 
consen our garden collections. Thus, after having spent "much time over the genus, 


ve really foe variable species, or what number from to re or less wei 

stantly di Most if not all the Macrozamie when very jas have their le ó, 
(— deniclate at the end, as fa sented by yor Monogr. Cy 

r the n of Encephalartos trident 

Pio nne very narrow, bier nearly terete. idi small, rarel - 

above 4 in. Fruit v Wool. : J . 1. M. Paulo- Gulielmi. 


Pinnæ "flat, inserte x i i margins of the rhachis, e on- 
tracted at the base, the larger ones usually above 3 lings 
broa nes e: io 10 in., glabrous. ‘Trunk glabrous or 
rarely loosely 

Rhachis of the rires. usually raised rid rin between 
the run one-sc = wma cv 

Eastern species, the inse iun — san 
tudinal. . Points of the arc of the pi short . 2. M. spiralis. 


Maerozamia.] CXVII.: CYCADER. 261 


Western species, the insertion of the: pinne very oblique » 
or almost transverse. Cones large, with long points to j 
the upper or to all the scales . . . . . . . ...9. M. Fraseri. 
Rhachis of the leaves very flat between the pinnz and often 
` broad.  Cone-scales very thick. Eastern subtropical à 
HOW edja oo] Us TE a eTo A THO M M CM NE RNC 
Pinne inserted by their broad base along the centre of the 
upper surface of the rhachis, scarcely separated by a very 
narrow line. Cones large, pubescent, the scale points broad : 
~-and often recurved .. . . . . . . g . .. pagino 5. M. Perowshiana. 
See also doubtful forms under M. spiralis and M. Miquelii. 


thickened at the a x, with a short point. Fruiting cones about 4 in. 
long and fully 2 in. thick, the larger scales about 1 in. broad and rather 


. Some specimens in the herbarium marked “ Macrozamia tenuifola,’’ Sydney, Mac- 
kay, appear to belong to the same species, so also possibly the M. tenuifolia of our 
gardens, * : 


parallel veins more prominent than in M. Miquelii, slightly contracted 
and callous at. the base, inserted longitudinally and the lower margin 
slightly decurrent, the lower pinn: much smaller and sometimes pass- 


jiane on the upper side sometimes prominent, sometimes very obscure. 
ale cones 6 to 10 in. long, 1j to 2 in. thick, the scales much flattened, 


1 
usually short.—A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 535; Zamia spiralis, R. Br. 
948 (partly); Encephalartos spiralis, Lehm. ,Pugill, vii. 13. 


- 252 CXVII. CYCADER. [ Macrozamia, 


vi Brisbàne td Moreton bay, F. Mueller. 
N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown Pit and others; Taylor’s Range, 
Leichhardt; Nihilo vy ver, 0. “ito oore ; Springs , Wath. 


This 
dale inr in the imperfect tite ae our aticg sd whether i in 1 herbaria, p 
UN E the 


or gardens, it is not always easy to distinguish them from forms or varieties 
a: or iquelii,nor to determine whether ibe. (edes are varieties or dis- 
. tinct speci 
Var. Poorall es, ae Mg om ie y the n of a bright red. Cones of M. spira 

M. corallipes, Book Mag. t. 59 m garden specimens e Pisis is 
figured as very flat, era B pinna, mobile as in M. Miquelii, but narrower. In 
a powy in Kew Gardens the rhachis is narrower, and the bases of the pinnæ are losing 
their red colour. M. Mac Miq. in Nieuw. Bijdr ad. 53, A cad. 
58, also described from garden specimens, must be the same variety. He observes that 
the red base innz is not c 

8e ves small, the pinne very narrow and rigid, all erect from = 


ous, and said to be so in the living state.—Dry situations, Ree y Creek, N. S, 
Wales, C. Moore. A form pear due to = dry station, but a variety in cultivation 
has a similar — wie = 

Var. ? eylindrace isa pipám name for a small form with the narrow 
foliage nearly of M. iiri entry but with a glabrous trunk and more terete rhachis. 


ober ra, F. Muell. Jat oue narrow, almost as in M. Paulo-Guliel 
fir [^ ET glabrous, and many of the pinne divided to below the middle into 
2 branches. Cones unknown.— Castlereagh river, C. Moore; Maitland, Rucker. 


3. M. Fraseri, Mig. Monogr. Cycad. 37. A western species very 
nearly allied to the Jf. spiralis, and from leaves alone often very difficult 
to distinguish from it. Itis s usually much taller, the trunk often attain- 
ing 10 to 19 ft., the leaves are usually more ri igid, the rhachis raised 
between the rows of inne as in M. spiralis, and 


are also frequently shorter with a more rigid acute poin their 
longitudinal veins are finer and less conspicuous. The cones are larger 


ing into a narrow erect point almost subulate of 1} to 2 in. in the females 

into a lanceolate point of 2 to 3 in.—Zamia s spiralis, R. Br. Prod. 348 

(partly) ; M. spiralis, Miq. Monogr. Cycad. 36 (as to the Western plant 

only); Cycas Riedlei, Gaudich. in Freyc. T Bot. 434; Encephalartos 

Fraseri, Miq. Versl. K. Akad. Wet . Àmst. xv. 368 
. viii. i 


iq. in Linnea xix. 415, t . 2,3; A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 535; Encepha- 
gie "us F. Muell. in doen. Pharm. Sec. Vict. ii. 90. 
ralia, Preiss; Swan river, Oldfield ; King George's Sound, R. Brown; 
Stokes hs Mas well. 
nable to perceive any grounds for distinguishing two or more Western spe its 
Odgers specimens N es which was founded - rh Oldfizldii, Miq. Nieuw. Bijdr. 


Cycad. 53, or Nouv. Mater. 58; A. pO, Prodr. i. 535; Encephalartos Oldfeldii, 
Mia, in Versl. K. Akad. Wet, Amst. A eA edil of leaves only, which are smaller 
and stiffer, with more rigid and sho pin parri e other specimens. Some 


cones that I have seen of Preiss’ 8 are nearly 1 'R. lon 


Maerozamia.] ‘XVII. CYCADER. 258 © 


ey Hong: » M ay From; ii. 17 n, v. 49; or Encephalartos: Macdonelli, F 
Macil Pog Miq. us Akad. Wet. Amst. xv. 376, from Reser river in Central 
Australia, M‘ Sait uart, is described vil from half a dozen pinne with a Ls Src 


of rite scient and thas show nothing to distinguish them from those of M. Fras 


. M. Miquelii, F. Muell.; A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 535. Fronds 2 to 
. 4 ü long, the base of the petigii in the a ra form densely covered with 
a loose floccose wool readily rubbed e upper surface ud the rhachis 
very flat between the rows of pinne and often in the low or par j in 
oad; pinne usually longer than in M. spiralis, straight or fa 
cadis al veins finer and less promment, contracte d; and more or less 


long, 2 to 24 in. thick, the scales thickened into a Boda rhomboidal 
tre 


very short, ae obsolete on the tear peg 1 to Jin. long on a few 

of the upper on emale cones about as long and thicker, the scales 

fewer, their A ‘at least ? in. broad and } in. thick, and mostly with 

the p dier | epo tapering into an erect linear-lanoeolate = 
1 to Encephalartos Miquelii, F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 38. 


antic: Moreton bay, W. Hill; Rockhampton, Thozet. 


h ypical form seems to be characterized by the woolly base of a petioles, 
the broad flat diners and the thick i cones; but wm are other specimens where 
these characters do not appear to be conjoined. Some, from m Queensland ind; ment 

. . also from N. S. Wales, have the cones equa in most respects the eee of M. Miquelii, 
= — but with no trace of the wool on the base of the petioles. ese have found their way 
into some of our gardens and mu d names of 7 ac- 
kenzii, and have also in our gardens been sometimes misnam raseri. Most of 


9. M. Perowskiana, Mig. Cycad. N. Holl. "This is the largest and 
most diner, of Australian pesti Trunk 18 to 20 ft. high and 
at least 1 ft. thick. Leaves 7 to 12 ft. long, the petioles angular, 
erri or d at the base; pinne 1 to 2 ft. long in the i 


4 to 6 in | 
diameter, the apex of the scales 1 to 14 in. broad, very eed 

and produced into a short triangular or lanceolate almost obtuse poin 
emale cones 8 to 16 in. long and very thick, the scales shorter id 


road.—Lepidozamia Pérowskiana 

1857, i. 2m t. 45 Macrozamia par te F. Mu “lL p ragm. i. 41, 943; 
. DC. Prod. xvi. ii, 536; Encephalartos Denisonii, F. Muell. in Journ. 

Pharm. Soc. Vict. ii. 90; Miq. in Versl. K. Akad. Wet. Amst. xv. 371. 


254 CXVII. CYCADEJE. [Maerozamia. — 


Queensland. Between EAN n y te bays, W. Hill ; Rockingham 
bijs Dallachy ; Expedition e A. 0. G 
imens occur in her m Aaa i in our Sii of two varieties, differing in the 
pud or less distinctiveness of the veins d A o pinnule, and bearing often the names 
idozamia Macleayi and C. Hopei, H 


38. BOWENIA, Hook. 


and seed on each side.—Trunk Be ponte Leav d b ipinnate, with 
long petioles and rhachis, the Foe pet en reed, oblique, 
without any midrib 

The genus is limited t to the single Australian species, pete d from Macrozamia only 
in foliage and in the absence of the point to the cone-scales 


1. B. spectabilis, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5898. Trunk thick, scarcely | 


raised above the ground, marked with the scars of the old leaves, the 
whole plant glabrous. Leaves attaining in outline a length of 3 or 4 ft. 


and spreading to at least half that breadth, loosely "A me 


in 
primary poma clustered 3 to 5 together a little below the middle 
common petiole or rhachis, with 1 or 2 Ri: ones on each side higher 
up, the > achis pietà terete, each pinna often a foot long or more, 
bearing 9 to 20 segments ovate or vocetur sl he or falcate 
ponies a tapering into a short petiole, marked wit "numerous parate; 


ps s 
F. Muell. Piu v. 121; A. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 534. 


SPENT TM A. diste Rockingham bay, W. Hill, : 


achy. 


1 
[ 
E 


255 


Crass II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 


Stem not distinguishable into Fe th, wood and bark, but, when 
erennial, consi sting of bundles of fibres icd imbedded in cellu- 
ar tissue, with a firmly adherent rind o e. with one 


sheath-like cavity on one iras rbs or if ar eod the stem 


eat. 

the next leaf, pinnate or otherwise divided in some Palms and Aroidea, 

Cpu lobed ina very Sj species, and net-veined in a few 

of ders. Parts of the flower most frequently in n threes, or in 
hr yir the. perianth Bee or the parts reduced in number 

ion irregular, or in twos or fours in Naiadee. 


Oxper CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDEJE. 


males. Stamens 3 to 12 or rarely more. Anthers 2-celled. en 
inferior, either 1-celled with 3 parietal opus or more or less per- 
fect tly divided into 3, 6, or 9 cells. eae es 3, 6, or 9, with entire or 
2-cleft stigmas. vules numerous, ascending or ndulous, ortho- 
tropous or iR pA. attanhie d to placentas lining the walls or disse- 
piments of the ovary. Fruit indehiscent, membranous or fleshy, ripening 
under water. Seeds several or many, without albumen. Embryo mengas 
the e plumule more or less lateral, the radicle next the hilum m.—Aquat 
herbs, entirely submerged or the lamina of the leaves floating. [emen 
undivided. Flowe rs enclosed ie young in a spathe, either of 1 to3 
Caves or tubular abd 2- or 3-lobed, the males 1, 2 or more in the 
Spathe, the females solita: 
The Order has e ver the tropical and temperate ns both of the Now 
and the Old Word gee of the oe Australian ex cies ing general area of 
Order, the r two are limited to the Old 
ond st oating. Leaves with a broad 
dial poe ry ar 3 flo Ir Ovira and mit pcd 1. HypgocHaRis. 
Tate. of radical leaves and scapes fixed to the bottom of th 
aen: lamina. Flowers hermaphrodite, s 
aby paitially 6- elled . 2. OTTELIA. 
Nadel elongate without any lamina. Flowers unisexual. 
Male flowers several in the ean exserted. Perianth of t. 
Be; . . 
Meli ieee crowded in a head shorter than the 
pathe. Perianth of 3 se 4. VALLISNERIA. 
Leaves : am vetus along the ating s stems. s. Spathes sossile, 
both males and females 1-flowered . 5. Hyprmua. 


256 CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDEJ. [ Hydrocharis. 


1. HYDROCHARIS, Linn. 


ee Ovary ‘and fruit O-celled. Styles 6, each with 2 peal) 
branches.—Stems floating, me Fn pipes radical leaves and peduncles. 
Leaves bearing a cordate 

The genus is limi ted to a ae species spread over Europe and the S ee 
regions of Asia, the pede has pity. reg presenting no apparent difference 

1. H. morsus-rane, Linn. Spec. Pl. 1466. Stems Sorene resem- 
Mie & the runners of creeping fe with floating tufts of radic al 

Le 


= th-segments white, 4 or 5 ‘lines long. outer ones about half. e 


erianth nea rly the same as in the males. Fruit ovoid, somewhat 1 
Reich Te under e ong.—L. o. Rich. in Mem. Inst. Fr. 1811, t. 910 4 
i . 62. Ca 


Que x: & bay, Bidwill. F. Moeller Deu P he has also received it — 1 
from xad greed localities in Queensland. I teen es dol: 
know whether there may be any reason to suppose “that it y an dedica pii 

2. OTTELIA, Pers. 
(Damasonium, Schreb., not of Juss.) 


Flowers €— solitary and sessile within a tubular 2-lobed - 


spathe. ents green, inner ones larger an jus 
ike Hire 6 or more; anthers linear. Styles or stigmas 6, 2- obed. 


ovate or broad-cordate lamina. 


e genus is spread over tropical Asia and Africa with one American species. Of fthe — 


Th 
three Australian species, one is the common Indian one, the two others apparently 


Leaf- lamina broadly cordate. cen tos winged od 
mina n or oblong T i ged. 
cdm e firm, : r periant segments — = — ; 
.tent.on Ay frui ... 2. 0. ovalifolia. 


1. O. alismoides. : 


Ottelia.] ` CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDEJE. 257 
Spathe thinly membranous, deeply 2-lobed, the lobes much longer 
teh the fruit... 5... tel AS YI R5... 8 OT tener. 


O. alismoides, Pers. Syn. Pl. i. 400. Leaves on long petioles 
dilated and tufted at the Oe H the water, the lamina submerged or 


Specimens, varying in Indian dice fo Sli ovate. Peduncles usually 
long. Spathe ovoid-oblong lain 1} in. long, sant 2- ap at an 


Stamens 6 to 9.—L. C. Rich. in Mem. Inst. Fr. 1811, t. 7; 
Stratiotes alismoides, Linn. Spec. 704; Damasonium indicum, Willd. Sp. 
Pl. ii. 276 ; Roxb. Corom. PI. t. 185; Bot. Mag. t. 1201. 

bm Roper river, F. Mueller ; Creeks in the neighbourhood of Rock- 
ham n, O’ Shanesy, Watson ; Keanaly district, Daintree.—The species is 
"n y ode over East India. 

i 
2. O. ovalifolia, L.C. Rich. in Mem. Inst. Fr. 1811, 78: Habit of 
0. alismoides, but the leaf-lamina ovate or oblong, 2 to 4 in. long when 
h 


Fe according to the depth of the water. Spathe almost coriaceous,. 
- about 13 in. long, either quite smooth or with 2 or 3 slightly MCN 
- longitudinal nerves, but not winged in any of the specimens seen 
e erianth-segments green, 2 to 1 in. long ; inner ones pale yellow 
Z2 in. diameter in the only specimens in which they are pmi 
Stamens 9 to 15.—Damasonium AN ifolium, R. Br. Prod. 344; 
m, Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, xi. 82 
N. Australia. Albert river, Henne. 
Queensland. ATS Bowman, Thozet; Mount Elliott, Fitzalan. 
- S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown ; Penrith, Backhouse; north of Lachlan 
Ae A. Cunningham iim, ri iver, 
Victoria. Glenelg ps en river, Robertson ; Yarra river, Adamson, F. Mueller ; 


- Lake nine, F. 
W. Australi amy nbi Drummond, 1st coll. 


3. O. ? tenera, Benth. pedir ovate or oblong as in 0. ovalifolia, 
- but smaller, and ‘the whole plant much more slender. Spathe wily 
membranous, rarely above 1 in. E deeply divided into 2 lobes whic 

| Project n much beyond the capsule, forming an oblique double lanceolate 
point. Capsule thin and narrow, the seeds rather large, oblon ng, the 
“ae pal scarcely protruding into the cavity, the fruit bearin ring at the - 
end some withered remains of the perianth, but I have been unable to 
find { pig in any of our specimens; the generic identity is therefore 
in some measure doubtful. 

— Mictoria. Wendu river, Robertson 


Pug. Australia, Drummond, Ath coll, n. 322. | 2 
T VOL. VI, 


258 CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDEJX. | [Blyza. 


S BEVA Dg... ' 


Besides the Australian species, which is spread over tropical Asia, there is another | 
m the Mascarene islands. 

. B. Roxburghii, Rich. in Mem. Inst. Fr. 1811, 77, t. 5. Leaves - 

entirely submerged, long and narrow like those of Vallisneria spiralis, 


about 23 lines long, the inner twice as long. Stamens about 8, the - 
filaments short, the linear anthers not exceeding the outer perianth- - 
a 


‘seeds not very numerous.— Vallisneria octandra, Roxb. Pl. Corom. ii. 34, - 
` t. 165; Blywa octandra, Planch. Mss.; Thw. Enum. Pl. Ceyl. 332. - 

N. Australia. Robinson river, Gulf of Carpentaria, F. Mueller; Port Darwin, 
Schultz, n. 423. 

eensland. Water-holes, Bockingbem bay, and Burdekin river, Dallachy. 

S. Australia. Waters near Lake Torrens, F. Mueller. — 

Our specimens are not sufficiently perfect to show the form of the female perianth, nor — 
whether it bas the three stamens mentioned: by Decaisne and by Thwaites, but which — 
do not appear to be always present in the Indian plant. 


4, VALLISNERIA, Linn. 


or bifid. ary narrow | 
cylindrical, enclosed in the spathe. Seeds numerous, cylindrical— — 
Submerged herbs, the leaves and peduncles tufted at the bottom o [ 
water, the leaves very long, without any lamina. i; 


Vallisneria. | CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDE. 259 


: e genus is reden distributed over the tropical and temperate regions of the New 
as di as fe d World, the Australian species vi one the one most, common over the 


spir 
long and narrow when the water is deep, sh btuse 
9r acute and more or less serrulate at the .« a | with minute teeth, or 


| 
| 1l. V. spiralis, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1441. Ionen pim ag empor. , Very 
sometimes perhaps quite entire. Male spathes about 3 lines long, on 


ovary down to the bottom to mature. Perianth very small but larger 
than in the males. nnnc spathe only slightly enlarged. eh 
Mem. M Fr. 1811, t. 3; Reichb. Ie. FÌ. Germ. t. 60; Hook. f. Fl. 
Tasm. ii. 87; V. s spiralis is and V. na nana, R. Br. Prod. 345. 

r. E Albert and Roper rivers, F. Mueller; Arnhem's Land, R. Brown. 

q Queensland. Burnett river, F. Mueller ; een Cleveland and T" 
4 m W. DR Fitzroy river, O' pcena — fee 


i ictoria. Wendu ri obertson rarest Tambo, Mitta-Mitta, and Miri rivers, 
P ller. 


$ ^8 asmania. common in the BTN uk river, Gunn. 
S. Australia. CUT river, 

The Australian fbesinens I aj seen prove to be all pps I have described the 

males from European ones. Brown's V. nana was founded o warf narrow-leaved 


c ie ome other cou The Haves of his specimens are 

as described by him mostly acute and all quite entire, but one or two are obtuse, and 
larger forms fro Ne se es, Victoria, and T ia the shorter sub- 

erged leaves are somet mes acute, and occasiona lly, whether Misc n or ace without 


‘anther ers. Female wis dd with a jet filiform tube above the ov 


cylin 
herbs with —— hing stems and short verticillate ERU Spathe 
ils. 


.. The genus is rest C to the single species common in still and slowly 
ET nu T em abi gets n regions i pe Old World, the Australian 
form being the typical des NIU di de iui MES from 

, l. H. verticillata, Cusp. in Monatsber. Akad. 1857. Stems 
E^ throughout, much branched and Boating de. water 4 large 


960 CXVIII. HYDROCHARIDEJ. [ Hydrilla. 


masses VETE all in whorls of 4 to 8, except a single small sheathing 
e at e of each branch and a pair only next above it, all oblong- 
wr latè or broadly linea to 4 lineslong and serrulate in the 
Australian as in the typical Indian form, very narrow-linear in some 
siatic varieties ale ot seen; the above character taken 
om urgh and others. Female spathes dg = eine 
shorter than the leaves, the perianth-tube 4 to $ in. long in 


Australian specimens, the outer perianth-segments nabiy 14 lines o 
the inner ones shorter and narrower. ins it linear, iin few seeds.— 
icula verticillata, Linn. f. Suppl. 416; Roxb. Corom. Pl. t. 164; 
Hydrilla ovalifolia, Rich. in Mem. Iu Tr. 1811, 76, t. 9; Udora 
australis, F. Muell. Second Gen. Rep. 16. fo 
N. Australia. Gilbert and Roper rivers, F. Mueller. 
Queensland. Water-holes near Rockhampton, Bowman, O’ Shanesy ; near Herbert 
d pa ; Mount trs Fitzalan. 
. S. Wales. Richmond river, Fawcett; Balfour's station, Leichhardt. 
icem Murray river, F. Mueller. 


Orpver CXIX. SCITAMINES. 


in most genera one of them is saintly larger, broadly etal-like and on 
the side opposed uk the perfect stamen and is t walled the /abellum. 
Anthers 2-celled or in genera not incide l- iA Ovary inferior, 
pers gto ith 1 or more ovules in each ate or rarely 1-celled. V 


simple with a terminal entire or lobed stigma. Fruit a berry ora — 
fles 7 or dy RUNE Morem Ulis. Herbi, dial! with ; P 
perennial ort or a elongated unless formed 


t ; 
height. Leaves Grii, with long sheathing etioles, ma yi often very 
large, with very numerous parallel veins di iverging fr e midrib. 

owers often very showy, in spikes racemes or Raoi. on a radic 
S 


or icm MP or pedun 


received at the — placing this porti ion ‘of th he copy in the printer's ha 
the generic characters have re neces een 

Asiatic specimens, an y therefore not always agree precisely with t 
here referred to them À 


CXIX. SCITAMINER. 961 


saceve.—Inner and outer perianth more or less combined, or each 
ew A hs i. Perfect stamens Pa ey d 
Perianth of 2 se gments, t the upper outer one -lobed at the dis 

the lower inner one much smaller ELE. Mousa. 


sora . Zi — cese.— Outer perianth or Ln 3-toothed or spathaceous 
inner perianth or corolla free from it, combined at the base with the filament into a 
tube. e opere fenis stamen and one large otal tks lower staminode or labellum 
oppos 
Ps in dense spikes with xp um on a short scape 
separate from the leafy stems or t 
Flowers 3 to 5 within each bract, Corolla with 2 inner lobes 
or petal 2. Curcuma, 
Flowers vod within each bract. Corolla without inner 
obes. 


la-lobes as long às the tube 3. AMOMUM. 


rra much longer than the lo 4. EnETTARIA. 
loose raceme or ree terminating a leaty stem. 
_, Labellum flat, spreading Erg 5. ArPINIA. 


te bract s, terminating 


say stem. fe a phe coti 
Ovary 3-celled. Labellum longer than "the ‘corolla. . . . 6. Cosrus, 
Ovary 2-celled. T«belhiar shorter than the corolla. . . . 7. TAPEINOCHEILOS. 


. Musacem,—Inner and outer perianth more or i com- 
bt or Pah 3-parted to the base. Perfect stamens usually fiv 


1. MUSA, Linn. 


. . Flowers usually unisexual. Perianth of 2 segments, the outer one 
formed of the 3 outer and 2 of the inner parts, tubular i in the bud but 


oe leaves forming a stem of considerable 
Aeight. Scapes protruding from the centre of de leaf-sheath. Pora 
clustered in the axils of woe coloured braets, — d a long terminal 


1 M. F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 132. « A. species of a 
height, very e stoloniferous, with the habit of M. paradisiaca ) 
which it is evidently very iei allied if really distinct. iin 


262. CXIX. SCITAMINEJE. [ Musa. 


3 
acuminate. Flowers Bom 10 to 20 within each bract, on short dive 
d obe nth (from a wild specimen) pre striate with nume- 
rous parallel hgiteidinal veins, the outer convolute segment about 
lł in. long and 5 lines broad if spread open, shortly 5-lobed, the 3 
outer lobes lanceolate, about 2 lines long, the 2 inner ones oblong and 
er shorter; the lower i 


segment under 1 in. long the outer lobes narrower and more ac 

than males, the i "ed lobes linear; lower inner segment narrow- 
lanceolate, above 4 in. long. Anthers linear but smaller than in the 
males. Style r rather shorter than the outer perianth-segment, € 


each one on a fpes of 1 to 2 in. c RU 2 Straight or Highly in E 
curved, 4 to 5 in. long, 4 to 2 in. iame eeds a 
2 lines diameter, irregularly angular fon — ; pane pacis 

broad concave hilum ; umen very white mealy 

almost ~~ 

Que Mount Elliott; setatis and Rockingham bay, Dallachy. aad dh 8 
figure, whi a: di ge thinks may hav gi pane en from p species appears 
represent the aradisiaca. I fod a and Sola nie! Bde 
seen any Musa n Ada teatia If they | had brought dad Mite: they would surely have 
been mention "à rown, either i in the romus or in his notes on i: eogra- 


graphical distribution of the genus in his Obierratisus on the Botany of Con 


TRIBE 2. ZiNGIBERACEJE.—O uter perianth or calyx 3- We or 
3-lobed or spathaceous; inner perianth or corolla free from it, com- 
bined with the filament into a tube, the limb 3-lobed with sometimes 
2 inner additional lobes or staminodia. One perfect upper stamen 
with a 2-celled anther TE the style, and one large petal- -like 
abellum or lower staminode opposite it and sometimes 2 short linear 
staminodes (stylodes of Horaninow) at the base of the style. 


2. CURCUMA, Linn. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx Fus 3-toothed; corolla-tube 
longer than the calyx, the limb of 3 ou r lobes of which the upper 
one is broader than the 2 others, and 2 in inner lobes or staminodes re- 
sembling the 2 outer lower lobes and adnate at the base on their inner 
margins ; to the short broad petal-like filament of the perfect stamen. La- 
bellum broad and petal-like; two short linear staminodes at the base 


PNE, USCIRE ne NT NNI NE PHI TIER, PEINE WORRIES I SEI 


v. 
D 


_, L A. Dalla ih 
_ -Barrow-pointed, often above 1 ft. long and nearly 2 in. broa 


4 long as the tub 


Qureuma.) ; CXIX. SCITAMINER. 263 


of the style. Anther oblong-linear, the 2 cells folded round the 
summit of the style and produced at the base into auricles or spurs, 


ea 
concave or saccate and imbricate at the base, with broad spreading 


The genus is generally distributed over tropical Asia, the only Australian species is, 
as far as hitherto known, endemic. 


. 1. C. australasica, Hook. f. 

cluster of white cylindrical tuberous roots. Leaves 1 to 1} ft. long, 

lanceolate or narrow-elliptical, acute, tapering into a long Les 

petiole. Seape lengthening to about 6 in. below the broad spike, whic 
fr . 


< upper lobe concave and 

broad, the lateral outer ones and upper inner one or staminodes broadly 

oblong; labellum broadly orbicular almost dapa i notched and 
i and acute. 


; Queensl York, Daemél, Gulliver; Cape Sidmouth, C. 

dried specimens too idi crushed to admit of a careful examination of the structure st 
the flower; the above description taken chiefly from that given by Dr. Hooker in 
Botanical Magazine. | 


3. AMOMUM, Linn. 


Calyx tubular, spathaceous or 3-lobed at the top. Corolla-limb as 
h e, 3-lobed, the dorsal lobe broader than the late 

ones, without inner lobes. Labellum large, flat, entire or lo j 
ments flat, the connective produced beyond the anther-cells into a 
3-lobed appendage, the lateral lobes divaricate, the middle one erect, 
entire or notched ; anther-cells embracing the style. Two small linear 
staminodes at the base of the style. wm 3-celled. Style filiform, 
clavate at the end, with a concave stigma. Fruit succulent or opening 
in 3 valves. Seeds arillate.—Herbs with creeping rhizomes. aves 


e 
m 
LE 
P 
1 


on barren . Flower 
sheathing scales. Spike short, with broad imbricate bracts. Flowers 
usually large, one within each bract. Mes 
The genus is widel d the tropical regions of both the New and the Ok 
World. rhe cid ustedes Modi, which il have not seen, is believed to be endemic. 
chyi, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 25. Leaves lanceolate, 

; pes 

very short. Bracts shorter than the calyx, a few larger vno the base 
of the spike, the largest 1j in. long. Calyx about 1 in ong, — 
branous, striate-veined, shortly 3-toothed. Corolla yellow, the lobes 


, 


264 CXIX. SCITAMINER. [Amomum. 


btusel 
sonne ndage shorter than the lateral ones. Capsule green, 
nearly g Bajar; alves. 


Queensland. v weg ars bay, Dallachy. — The above description extracted from 
that given p% F. Muelle 


4. ELETTARIA, White. 


tubular, 2- or 3-toothed. Corolla-limb 3-lobed, shorter than 
the Blader tube, without inner ems Labellum large, ‘flat, entire or 
lobed. Filament flat, but the connective not produced beyond the 
anther-cells ; anther-cells asbodiing the style. Two small linear stami- 
nodes at the base of the style. Ovary 3-celled. Style filiform, clavate 
at the end, with a concave stigma. Fruit suceulent or opening in 3 
valves. Seeds arillate.— Herbs with the habit of Amomum, but usually 
more slender, with smaller flowers, fewer in a looser spike. 


The genus extends e So T Asia, the Australian species, which I have not seen, 
is believed to be endem 


l. E. Scottiana, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 24. Rhizome woody, the 


involucral bracts of about 2 in. silky -pubesc tside. ts under 
each flower membranous, ellucid, 9 2 to 3 in hs Calyx ‘the length 
of the bracts. Corolla-tt to 4 in. long, very slender, the lo 


La 
than the coro la-fobes, ovate, entire. Connective not extending beyond 
the apex of the anther-cells. Capsule ovate or ellipsoid, opening 
tardily in 3 frag S : 


Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—The above description extracted from 
that given "Y F. Mueller. 


9. ALPINIA, Linn. 
(Hellenia, Willd.) 


Flowe ers hermaphrodite. Calyx tubular, 3-toothed, often spathaceous. 
Foro tube longer than the calyx, the limb of 3 usual y unequal 
8 bro: i . 


or dbovoi 
ulent or with a crustaceous or dry. pericarp, indehiscent or rarely 


c 7 
obscurely 3-valved. Seeds not very numerous.—Erect herbs with à 


¥ 


j 
3 


hes A AS RUE T TURIS NT M RE PM. 


Alpinia.| CXIX. SCITAMINEJE. 265 


9 


tuberous rhizome and leafy stems. Flowers in a terminal raceme 
thyrsus or raceme-like panicle. Bracts usually deciduous. 


A tropical genus limited to the Old World. The three v neg species, of which 
I have only seen one, are believed to be endemic. The genus Hellenia, united ^ 


Raceme sim "t mE not produced beyond the cells. 
Capsule tary ibe 1. A. racemigera. 
: nicle narrow. Anther-connective produced beyond : 
e cells. 
Flowers under 1 in. long. Anth tive very shortly pro- 
duced. Fruit hai. indehise - Bi 2. A. cerulea. 
Flowers above 1 in. long. Anther- appendage obovate 2 lines s long. 
Capsule ellipsoid, 3-valved . 8. A. arctiflora. 


. A. racemigera, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 27. A low species. 
mih long-lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 ft. s un 24 in. broad, on 
a ie pulley biauriculate sheath without my Bis Age petiole. Flowers 
of 4 ft. or shorter, the rhachis 


2t : 
3 lobes, about 4 lines ips . Corolla glabrous, about 8 lines long, the 


-lobes about as long as the tube, nearly eor but the upper one more 
i ter. a 


concave. Labellum orbicular-rhomboidal, 
ment broadly linear, $ line long; anther nearly 1 line, the connective 
not produced beyond the cel Style capillary, with a minute te stigma. 
Capsule ovoid, ity ` to 7 lines long, opening tardily in 3 valves. Seeds 
shining, 2 to PSA cell. 
Queensland. dini ngham bay, Dallachy.—1 have seen no specimen, The above 
cam is an abridgment of the one given by F. Mueller 
. A. coerulea, Benth. sig stems pisaia 4 or 5ft. . Leaves 
ardeta often above Ì ft. long and 2 in. broad, acutely 
acuminate, shortly petiolate Sm the sheath, which ends in a broad 
obtuse erect auricle of 3 or flin ines. die 8 terminal, 4 to 8 in. long, 


the peduncles, though short, pe 2 to 6 flowers, on th of 
i to ł in. the who Imi oe much sper? A conse 
r - 


tube slender, 6 to 7 lines long, lobes ee i about 4 lines long, 

the dorsal one scarcely broader than the others. Labellum longer than 

the lobes, gens. orbieular or almost s senium. about jin. diameter. 
t 


LJ 


266 CXIX. SCITAMINEJE. [ Alpinia. 


diameter, with a brittle crustaceous pericarp. Seeds few in each 
cell, dud. packed, with a small arillus.—Hellenia coerulea, R. Bri 
Prod. 308, 


Queensland. Shoalwater bay and Northumberland islands, R. Brown; Endeavour 
river, A. Cunningham; Moreton island, F. Mueller; Fitzroy island, C. Walter; very 
common "o Rie ae ham bay, Dallachy, and Rockhampton, O’Shanesy. 

nter's river, R, Brown; Tweed river, very common, Guilfoyle ; 
—— he anus rivers, Beckler ; Richmond river, Henderson, Fawcett. 


1} in. long or shorter. Calyx about 1 in. long, narrow, dilated upwards 
aa sent y 3-lobed. Corolla white, vA oatsidd, the lobes about 
s long, the tube longer. Labellum onger than the corolla, 


eh Lus Rockingham bay, Dallachy ity have seen no specimen, the above 
character is taken from that given by F. Mueile 


6. COSTUS, Linn. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx tubular, nox 3-lobed. Corolla- 
tube short, the limb with 3 erect lobes bell 
ib large. Filament broad and eal ike prn wit 
ve and produced laterally and beyond the cells into a et appen- 
dete No staminodes. Ovary 3-celled, with numerous ovules. Style 
filiform, the agha dilated, flatly 2- lobed, with 2 dorsal appendages. 
Capsule 3-celled, Nen loculicidally i in 3 valves. Seeds arillate.— 
Herbs with an iy m and a dense terminal spike. Bracts 
road, winter. ‘with 1 flower in the axil of each. 
The genus is spread ov over the tropical regions of both the New and AN Old World. 
The Australian species, which I have not seen, is believed to be endem 
. C. Poti Il. Fragm. iv. 164. Stems sods 10 ft. high. 
hana on vet = petioles, oblong-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, 4 to 
9 in. long, 14 to 24 in. broad, sprinkle d underneath with appressed 
hairs, the BÉ i dion pr rodu ced above the ^ ren truncate - 
0 


terminal appendage beyond the anther-cells. Capsule crowned by the 

persistent calyx, about } in. long, opening loculicidally in 3 slits 
Queensland. maim oie bay, Dallachy.—'The above description dicat from 

that given by F. Mue 


A el eget he Ae MEET TENE a eee ae a SCARE UE PCT S 


A LOREA CE A AAN OAE NONE A NC RES PENLAN a a NEST TIS IINE T m EN 


1 


P 
| 
x 
5 


Tapeinocheilos. | CXIX: SCITAMINEÆ. — 267 


7. TAPEINOCHEILOS, Mig. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx tubular, shortly 3-lobed. Corolla- 
tube short, the limb 3-lobed, the dorsal lobe rather broader and shorter 
than the lateral ones. abellu 


qeu indehiscent, crowned by the pee ee coriaceous calyx, 
-celled. Seeds angular, with a small arillus.— Herb with the habit of 
Costus. 


The genus is limited to a single species, native of the island of Ceram in the Indian 
Archipelago, the Australian plant, which I have not seen, is believed to be identical 
cies, : 


Bracts rigid, striate, imbricate, the broad ends recurved, of a rich 
crimson. Flowers yellow, scarcely exceeding the bracts. aa about 
ruiting 


with the adnate base.— Costus pungens, Teysm. and Binnend.  : 
Queensland. Rockingham bay, Kennedy, Dallachy (F. Mueller).—Not having 
seen the Australian specimens, I have taken the above character from Miquel's elabo- 
rate description and Rue and from a fruiting specimen received from the Botanic 
Garden, Calcutta. y 


Orper CXX. ORCHIDEÆ. 


Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth superior, irregular or rarely 
regular, of 6 petal-like or green segments ee or variously 


centre of the flower or somewhat under the dorsal 
sepal is the column, consisting of the combined andrecium and pistil ; 
at the apex attached to the dorsal margin is usually one anther, erect 


268 CXX. ORCHIDES. 


incumbent on or adnate to the apex of the column or to the back of the 
ps So eps 2 cells on its inner face or almost marginal. In the genus 
which is not Australian, and in Apostasia, there are two 


appen 8 el s exsibed às aithi) n each side 
nd the ` 


valves or longitudinal slits, or very rarely succulent and indehiscent. 
Seeds m fusiform or rarel Meer resembling fine sawdust. 


creeping rhizomes and (often ini je jv adherin to the sur- 
face of rocks or trunks or branches o . Leaves either alternate and 
sheathing at the base and so feet ‘dinnistions, on iip stems 


ri 
bulbs distinet from the flowering reed entire or "i d lobed (see 
Acianthus). Flowering stems scapes or pe reme — renewed, 
either ae directly from the Si Lars axillar n perennial 
ms or pseudo-bulbs, bearing usually one or more pie rious OT 
tp eect sheathing scales, either re any leaves, or when leafy 
1 or 2 sheathing scales below the leaves and often 1 or more above 
the: Flowers either solitary and come or 2 or more in à terminal 
raceme or spike, either simple or branching intoa panicle, each flower 
sessile or more ae pedicellate within a bract, but without brac- 
teoles on the p 
The Order is one W the most natural and sharply defined, as well as the most nume 
, rous amongst Monocotyledons after Gra amine, and abundantly distributed over the 
whole globe, rare mes in some high Alpine or extreme Arctic and Antarcti ic regions. 


deze otti 
hrydez belong to the mpi A datio Vioc e presented iu Australia by sandeha or 
frequently 3s identical species. These are all tipici or eastern, some exte tending dow? 


* 


CXX. ORCHIDER. 269 


ealand. 
Australian, belonging to three Australian groups of Neottidese ; eps of these genera are 
however represented by single or very en ent D the ag Pit rnt and eleven 


y 
the published labours 4 tpi ges the Beiträge above quoted) of the ade ar Reichen- 


great is the range of variation exhibited in va precise form, ings, a 

of the labellum in many of the commoner terrestrial ‘Australian’ Orci, as s i i Me. i 

diterranean Ophrydes. I have therefore felt ‘obliged very much to reduce the neat 

of published — of mitra, Diuris, ophyllum, Microtis, om 

I must howev peri that aan e Airis iption P pee of these species is still get 

from satisfact poo nem n often scarcely be ascertained accurately revon of 
o 


ese and some pter 1 in will be taken -" by resident botanists who have an op- 
portunity of studying them in a fresh state 
Trise. 1 Malaxidese.—Anther lid-like, incumbent, usually dec Pollen- 
masses waxy, 2, 4, or rarely 8, without caudicles or gland. Epiphytes pope s terres- 
trial with a creeping rhizome. 
Epp topes longitudinal. Lateral sepals not dilated at the ; 
Labellum embracing or adnate to the column at the 


Column feet Leaves at or near the base of the stem. 
Flo mall 1. LirARIS 


" Flowers minute . . 2. OBERONIA. 
ars Vogitodilil "d d spell dilated pà the base and ' 
with the basal crga of the column a pouch or 
Pol aH bass 2, or 4 in 
Labellum with a erg ad base usually — into 
lateral 1 lobes. diei ue pseudobulbs bearing both leaves 
and peduncles i xcept vaa sect. Rhizobium . 9. DENDROBIUM. 
Labelle di as enguisaiste, a not | lobed. Leave s (o n 
pseudobulbs peduncles prion’ —€— nodes of the 
rhizome i 4. BoLBoPHYLLUM. 
Pollen-masses 8, flowers minute |. 5. PHREATIA. 


Anther-cells eed transverse. ied long. Raceme on a long 
peduncle 6. PHOLIDOTA. 
(The pollen-masses are yee waxy PELA Ut lant in one ARN of Galeola. r 
Tame 2. Wandese.—Anther lid-like, incumbent, usually deciduous. Pollen- 
masses waxy, 4 in pairs, on a single or double caudicle attached to a gland. Epi- 
phytes or terrestrial with vending sy arl 
prete Caudicle. single. x. 
and pe re nited to x middle. AD, idt pats 
owers à LJ b " LI "A LJ i > 


"m ub 1. TÆNIOPHYLLUM. 


970 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 


n: and petals free. 
Labellum with a fleshy p eer aeni beipen or 
beyond the lateral lobe 8. SARCOCHILUS. 
Labellum with a hollow pipet or pouch near the b 
goal Be lobed, the g with a reflexed or Md 
9. CLEISOSTOMA. 
Labetom 4 ‘lobed, the spur without any internal scale. 
0. VANDA. 


en 


owers large 
Labellum andi vided, the spur without any internal scale. 
Lateral sepals dilated at the bas . « 11. SACCOLABIUM. 
cn Samia i wars short c neeping rhizomes. "On udicl e single. 
Sepals petals Labellum s ne mee at the 
base, = ine ith Tongitudital rine lin Lid GEODORUM. 


spur at the base, marked with cristo or — veins . "18. EULOPHIA. 


um gibbous and adnate: to the column at i ` 14, DiroproM, 
g sy 3. Mtae stacy lid-like, ent, cid. llen- 
g at the base, separately, attached and sess hort 
s or on a. short dich nam ca Terrestrial with creeping or rarely 
yin tiie rhizomes or pareli: eripiat. Sepals and petals nearly pat and 
Flowers often 
Pollen-masses 4 in pairs, = onagland. Usually epiphytes. 15. CYMBIDIUM. 
rog asses 8, on very short separate caudicles without 
errestrial. Leaves long, plic . 16. SPATHOGLOTTIS. 
h s 


tg ate 
Po en masses 8, on ort dichotomous candicle without any 
and. Terres dal, - Leaves large, PM Labellum spurred, 
ian ci round the column . 17. Paars. 
Pollen-masses 8, layani attached to a divisible gland. Terres- 
trial. Leaves large, plicate. siran T Loco con- 
' mate with the column at the base . 18. CALANTHE. 


Trige 4. Arethusec.— Anther ‘a incumbent, y deciduous Pollen 
grimace or mealy. Terrestrial or ray epiphytes. 7 tiers in the ‘Australian genera 
or sections leafless at the time of flowering 


Large aor with peticulete flowers. Labellum curved round 

the column. Anthe a broad dorsal pu age . 19. GaLEoLa. 

be zu eh) in a simple race 

Column ve a pue fen "Katha with a 
thi appen . . 20. EPIPOGUM. 
Column donio (longer than the an anthe er). 


»pals and petals united in xime zd or tube . . . . 21. GASTRODIA. 
Sepals and petals free . = . . 92. Pogonta. 
Trise 5. NMeottiew.—Anther erect or bent rd, persistent but free from the 


rostellum. granular or mealy. Terr dm strial herbs with simple stems s en 
Corm) ba bearing 1 or more leaves or rarely leafless, and a single spike raceme 


Column very long ent d Deinen, Se and petals very lo 
narrow and dec Leave 1 and Eten ly Ei bbed. 

Pesihe T ‘ "ü 23. CORYMBIS. 
Colum with wings either very. road or produced 

bow n the anther rings rostellum into lateral lobes o 


nds - 
Niph ps ing. Leaves petiolate. Spike slender. 
ree wers reversed, the lateral sepals formiug a hood over the 
... 24, RAMPHIDIA. 
Flowers PM the dorsal sepal and petals forming a hood 
er the column. Stigma in a deep pouch . 25, GooDYERA. 


CXX. ORCHIDER. 9 


Rhizome with Mines or oblong tubers or i thick clustered 
b Leaves sessile, few or only on 
Flowers apalki il in a. dense: spira ae spike. n: and 
petals erect or spreading 2 the tips onl . 26. SrIRANTHES. 


. Be ike 

Dorsal sepal concave. Petals me ene vi Labellum 

densely fringed on the surface...) ws « 27. CALOCHILUS. 
Sepals petals and. labellum all alike and s spreading 

Column-wings connected. at. the base in front . 28. THELYMITRA. 
Se v and stis i os and spreading. Leteligu: with 2 

obes on the cl a tuft of linear processes at tlie 

base of the lamin 9. EPIBLEMA. 

Flowers racemose. ral sepals narrow-linear and long. 

Labellum 3- ibed r^ or near tlie base 

mee ee rs Sta the vidi at the base, erect and 


. . IURI 

Dorsal: pal meos and incurved over the column . 91. ORTHOCERAS, 
Flowers ra emnt "pine Sepals usually narrow. La- 
bellum u: 

Labellum dilated p enclosing om bere at the base. 

Leaves flat. Flowers large. . 82. CRYPTOSTYLIS. 
Tepellam Misi or —€— rarely itin t the base 
Fl 


Peyen: i spicae small a ie 
_ entire or 2-lobed. Lee, obes of ‘the pi very e . 
ave toate Noc . Micnoris. 
Column short. Labellum uli, erect under the “hood-shaped 
dorsal se with or without a reflexed lamina, lateral - 
and petals very narrow or minute. Small plants with 1 broad 


leaf and 1 ion e flower . 85. CorysanTHEs. 
Column elongated (longer than the anther) semiterete or lon ongi- 
tudinally winged. Ste mple, leet: li le as 
leaves. Rhizome «n d ent y renew 
bellum unguiculate, the ning pete or opts 8h beyond 
nsertion into a basal appen 
Dorsal sepal hood-shaped. Lateral sepals united at the base. 
Column semiterete with an oblong stigma about the a 
and 2 hatc ec ned m d above it, reis um with a 
basal appendage . es . 36. PrEROsTYLIS. 
Sepals ond petals all lin i 
m rather broailly peltate. Column with a broad 
petal like wing its whole len 37. CALEANA. 


mon ha er -sha ped. Column with 1 or 2 pairs of 
uricl 8. DRAKÆA, 
Labeom am ze ase or not produced beyond its insertion 
ont 
One dito indito leaf. Lateral sepals n Petals 
short. Labellum undivided without fringes o or gos calli, 
but two adnate ones at the base . » 89, AGIANTRUR. . 
One - € lanceolate leaf. Lateral se ei ls. o oblong, er 
tate... Labellum-lamina or middle lobe very convex an 
vil n . 40, EnrocHiLUS. 
One to oe ovate. or r lane colate, leaves. Dorsal sepal broad, 
Labellum thickened along the centre, glabrous or papillose, 
without calli. Column not winge . 41, LYPERANTHUS. : 
No leaves on. the flower-stem. Sep als and petals nearly 
equal, connivent. Labellum with 2 sp amd raised 
lines without calli. Column win god . . 42. BünNETTIA. 
One broad leaf. . Lateral sepals an petals v ery narro narrow and 
x i i two adnate calli at bns base 
tinued in ráised lines, Column winged . . . 43, CYRTOSTYLIS. 


Candi Hoeár | . 33. PRASOPHYLLUM. 
Labellum 


* 


pro CXX. ORCHIDER. 


One linear or oblong leaf. Lateral sepals as broad as or 

se ader than the petals. Labellum 2 raised calli or 
44. CALADENIA, 
Two mo blog le leaves. Laterals sepals narrower jen the petals, 
with raised calli or fringes. Column ^ ugs e . 45, CHILOGLOTTIS. 


t . 46. GLOSSODIA. 

6. Op se.— Anther adnate to the top eT the column over the stigma, 
the qe usually voe 2 lobes. Pollen-masses 2, granar: attached by jute het 
one or two glands or pouches over r the stiga, Terr. fon he brit, rhizomes with a 
ally renewed tubers. Pa simple leafy. Flow 


Labellum reri with 2 linear domom of the column incum- 
bent on i . . 47. HABENARIA. 


. Apostasies.— Anthers 2, lateral near the base r4 ie style, with a ere! 
e 


rudimentary or rarely p anther. Stigma terminal. n granular. 
trial herbs 


e Loy a d in Mg axillary. Perianth of 6 
. . 48. APOSTASIA, 


see " n lid-like, incumbent on the apex of 
the MS which has usual y: a ae margin, usnally deciduous. 
Pollen-masses waxy, 2, 4, or rarely 8, without caudicles or gland. 
Epiphytes or rarely icon, with a creeping rhizom 


l. LIPARIS, Rich. 
(Sturmia, Endl.) 
Sepals and petals all free his udo equal and similar or the 


petals and dorsal sepal nar shortly iq de ve 
united with the column a t the one erect or EU entire. Colu 
elongated, incurved, t a apex winge nther toridal, lid- like. 
Pollen-masses 4, wax oid, two cells, whic 


equa pai t 
are sometimes not closel contiguous. — Terrestrial or Li ge plants, | 
the stems sometimes thickened at the base into ]] pseudo-buibs. 
Leaves e or near the base of the stem. Flowers greenish-yellow white 
or I — ed with red, in a terminal pedunculate raceme. 

is widely spread over the tropical and gig ical regions of the Old World, 
with one sh ul s found in both hemispheres. e Australian species are, as 
far as ini all e 
Sepals all narrow e a 

Repais and petals 33 to 5 nés sig AM pcd pee d 
white 1. L. reflexa. 


Flowers yellow 2. .L. cuneilabris. 
5g and petals 3 tines long. Lébellan broadly obováte- : 
3. L. emlogynoides 
Lateral pre broadly oblong, falcate, Dorsal viis and petals , 
onger, narrow-linear. um broadly oblon 4. L. habenaria. 
t. Reg. under n. 889. s from a shortly 


reflexa, Li 
creeping rhizome, igkaiad at the hase, the wein pan including the 


Liparis. | CXX. ORCHIDEJ. ; 273 


eaves almost distichous, the 2 or 8 lower ones reduced to acute 


auricles or short lateral lobes embracing the vem of the 
ulate-ciliate, 
the disk with 2 more or less marked longitudinal raised lines. 


N.S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Woolls ; Clarence river, Beckler; New 
England, C. Stuart ; Tweed river, Fitzgerald. 


: in species. 
tacts shorter. Buds rather longer and narrower. Labellum shaped 
as in L. reflexa, of which this is probably a variety.—Sturmia cuneilabris, 
F. Muell. l.c. 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


3. L. coelogynoides, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 71. Habit nearly of 
L. reflexa, but the leaves more rigid and acute and those of the flower- 
ing stems more contracted at the base. Racemes much more slender 

and 


than in Z reflex the flowers smalle eduncle and rhachis 
flattened and almost winged in the specimens (possibly from pressure 
in drying ?). Bracts lanceolate, acuminate. nd pedicels about 


: b 
late. Column half as long as the sepals, narrow, incurved, 2-wingea 
at the top.— Sturmia eclogynoides, F. Muell. Lc. 

N. S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler. 


. 4 L.habenarina, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 131. Habit and foliage 
nearly of Z. reflexa, but taller, often above 1 ft. high. Leaves several, 
_ tapering at both ends, mostly acute, } to 1 in. broad, very few of them 
. reduced to sheathing scales. Racemes long and rigid. edicels short, 
g, the flowers much smaller than in Z. reflexa.. Bracts 
_ Short. Lateral sepals about 2 lines long, broadly oblong-faleate, obtuse ; 
E. VOL. VI. T 


274 CXX. ORCHIDEX. | Liparis. 


dorsal sepal and. petals linear, about 3 lines ns. the petals still 

narrower than the sepal Labellum as long as the lateral sepals, 

recurved from the middle, broadly Jesi ipia embracing and 

adnatb to the column at the base, obtuse or retuse, the disk with 2 

small proisinex —Ó Anther-cells at some distance from eac 
uell. l.c. 


other m the anther-case.— Sturmia habenarina, 
Queensland. Rockinghanı mi Dalla. Very bil "alid to the L. ferru- 
ginea, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1848, 55, from Borneo and Malacca, and perhaps a 


variety; but that species d a dark brown labellum seating its colour in the dried 
state, and from a note in Herb. Lindley, has no calli on the disk, Mein the L. habe- 
narina has the labellum of the same pale yellow as the rest of the flow 


2. OBERONIA, Lindl. 


Sepals free, nearly equal and erect, or the dorsal one smaller and 

reflexed. Petals narrower or shorter than the sepals, Labellum 
sessile, concave, entire or variously divided, often cushion-like or 

keeled at the base and usually embracing the column. Column a ver 

short, EUN Wege at the base, the apex with angular margins. 

Anther li = like. Pollen masses 4, waxy, closel 

- be irs Ps in Ron f alling away in one ud sometimes oblique and 


distichous, —— ant. Flowers j 
dense ra arca pedicels bae the bracts sm 

The genus is eren over ee Asia the Indian Archipelago — west- 
ward to the Mascarene islands, and paced to the South Pac Of the two A 


t 


alawis, from which it differs but very little in the structure of the flowers, but th 
vegetative characters and geographical distribution appear to be sufficient to maintain 
it as distinct, 
Bracts ovate, fringed-ciliate. We we, OION GARED S ^ 0. iridifolia.. 
Bracts lanceolate, fine-pointed, wis 2d odi fa boinaigos . Q. palmicola. 


1. O. iridifolia, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 15, and Fol. beg Leafy - 
stems very short and thick, Ay fone ening toli in. Leaves 3 to To 
dele 


n 
2-lobed at the end, about jJ line long, Sepals smaller. Capsule 1} to 
2 lines es long, prominently angled.—Malawis iridifolia, Reichb. f. in Walp. 
Ann 


Brisbane river, F. Mueller; Rockhampton, 


Que . eapeciell? Crocodile 
hs heuer Thozet, Q' Shanesy, Dallachy ; also in East India and 


the Archi- 


2. O. palmicola, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 24. A small delicate — 
Mule species with the habit of some of the smaller E. Indian on 


MEDRE E T ea a i EA A ET TN 


es : CXX. ORCHIDEZX, 275 


distinct whorls. Bracts "s as the flowers, Tancecldte with fine 
points and often ciliate. als and petals about 4 line long, lanceolate, 
fe the petals narrower qs the sepals.  Labellum about as long as 
sepals, with 2 broad (entire 1 lateral lobes, the middle lobe rhom- 
boidal rather broader than long. Fruitin PA d. n long. 
Capsule nearly 1 line.—JMalazis palmicola, F. Mu d. Fr ii. 90. 
pcan, Brisbane river, Kellemay ; Rockhampton? Da tib, 
N. S. Wales. On the trunks of P. Palms, Hastings river, Beckler ; M osi river, 
€. Moore ; ; Bellinger range, "TF'itegerald. 


I 


3. DENDROBIUM, Swartz. 


Sepals nearly ri in E us the lateral ones very obliquely Nei 
at the base and co ection from the base of the colum 
into a pouch or ew "Petals dm A nearly the len ida of the upper 
sepal or rather longer. Labellum Aaa a at the end of or (in species 
not Australian) shortly connate with the basal projection of the column, 


laits. 
at 2 top. — terminal, M like. Pollen masses 4, in 
d 


A large genus ranging ovér the warmer regions of both the New and the Old World, 
one species coh p far AM as New Zealan 7 Of the 24 Australian species one only 
as been ident fied with certainty with an exotic species, the D. hispidum of anikoro, 


Secor drocoryne res d simple, elon wo: y^ eru bearing 2 or m 
or Seanetied leaves at or towards the nd Race: b y terminal or or 
nearly so iei only in the uppermos 13 tme iie Do ud 


n D. agrostophyllum and D. Smill 


Petals AN. broader be ~ the se gali, Racemes few- 


n long Flowers pink or lilac. 
Fini p pouch of the flower pucr a prominent spur underneath, 
forming a double spur. 
Petals 3 in. p ad. Labelum middle-lobe very broad 


and obtus 1. D. bigibbum. 
Petals 1 in. broad Labellum middle-lobe oblong, lanceo : 
late, acute or mucronate . TEN CEP FO dicuphum. 
al pouch scarcely gibbous on the lower. side soo s Be D. Alumner, 
: Té?» 


276 ^ CXX: ORCHIDER. [ Dendrobium: 


tals narrower or not broader than the sepals. Flowers 
Fhile; yellow, brown-red, or spotted with red. 
es flat. arge species. Racemes above 6 in, and -n 
be ve 1 ft. long, with numerous rather (pA flowe 
Petals and sepals obtuse, very much undulate and Proc 


ing. 
Leaves broad. Bracts ł to j in. long . 


Oe ei eer Aper rondes M TERT VY 


sich pe A vedi 
ji s narrow. Bracts minute . 5. D. Johan 

Petals and “sepals lanceolate, pe ‘not undulate and 

almost co dicas : 6. D. speciosum. 
Leaves flat. p s under 6 i ing with a slender rhachis. 

Stems -— stennits towards the base. Sepals an 
petals with long slender points, 3 or 4 times as long 
as the | ; 

Stems prominently 4-angled . . i 324 . T. D. tebragomum 
d robes many-angled 8. D. emulum. 
Stems not much or not at all attenuate at the base 5 
» Is and petal} 4 longer thas 1 

the labellum. i : 


Central lobe of the labellum broad, almost reniform. i 
owers reddish purple. Spur conical, straight . . 9. D. esser E 
Flowers yellow. gae short, b road and de Ne A jor cilicaule. E. 

a 


rather long nearly - aight 11. D. Moorei. 
Stems rather slender, eri; with short ax <illary racemes. 
Sepals and petals bro i re pees as long as the labellum 12. D. agrostophyllum. 


Leaves flat. Ste ade xe d acemes several, short i 
and dense. Spur ve E (Rie; longer than the lanceolate 
sepals and petals 13. D. Smilliæ. 


A B cd S R caue nro. 


Leaves Sosa channelled. Stems short. Racemes long 
R^ ulate. pues e and pa linear- tends or pete. 
c Ie Wm 14. D.canaliculatum. | 


Bapao p Sc tufted, short and thick, terminating in a single 
arr 1 "x denen at its bas 
rer tnis flat, do x — 
iim and fra a . ro ae D. monophyllum. 
n & hispidum. 
tanta very thick echt ye tg with tuberculate ribs | | | 17. D. cucumerinum. . 


JA 
Sect 3. Rhizobium.— Rhizomes etse with scarious sheathing scales. Leaves | 5 
dolar] n ihe ail of the sale, eth r sessile on a broad di ino 


binate protuberance. Racemes few-flowered, also from the rhizome 
Leaves PX coriaceous, very acute. Sepals —Ü about E 
5 lines long without the spur Cops 18. D. mur E 
Love very thick and fleshy, almost acute, “Sepals oblong: E 
lan e, about 4 lines withont the pouch . ..19. D. rigidum. : 
Leaves very thick and fleshy, o| sath Spem linear or narrow : 
linear-lanceolate, 7 to 10 lines lon . 20. D. linguiforme. 


Secr. 4. Strongyle.— Stems branched, usually, koen slender. Leaves distant, 
terete. Racemes (few-flowered) or pedu ncles later 


Sepals and di iy 1 in. long. 8 ur from 4 to E 
4 as 3 


eet im eT eo CELL RE 


as long. Labellum ul shorter than the spell “the 
middle lobe acumina qug 21. D. teretifolium. 
Sepals and petals lanceolate, under gin, Spur short, t, very 
obtuse. Labellum — as "E as the "me p e 


lobe idi . . 22. D. striolatum. 


tw 
«g 
- 


Dewirobiun. | | OXX ORCHIDEX. 


xem and petals narrow, about 4 in. Spur about half as 
pint E. gellan as long as the speia the middle lobe 


23. D. Mortii. 
Beals | inf peial lanceolate about ii in. Spur abont as long. 
abellum nearly g as the comes the middle lobe short 
and broadly de ren nifor ven i094. Zeal 


omplanatum, A. Cunn. in Lindl, Bot. di'i 1839, Misc. 34, from the neighbour- 
hood of the Brisbane river, is described as having t the flattened stems and  distidliótn 
leaves of the section Aporum, kae. butas the flowers "ec never seen, and no 8 
the pla of the oliage d has been p ved for comparison, it will po imposible P identity 


D. Sii, F Spar M ragm, vii. n is s deer from very insufficient materials— 
the Cita of a stem , with the rhac his of a few racemes from which t e flo owers are all 


whi cannot distinguish from those of D. gracilicaulis. It is 13.000 
fore ok e D. Fellowsii may not LL a compound of these two species. 

D. minutissimum, F. Mu ragm 5, from a me locality near Botany Bay, 
is sodasi by name only, and I have si d specim 


SEcT. 1. DENDROCORYNE, Lindl. — Stems sim iple, elongated or short 
and inifunes thickened into oblong pseudobulbs, bearing 2 or more 
flat or channelled leaves at or near the end, the lower part with scarious 
thin sheathing ves which usually soon wear nee) leaving annular 
‘scars. Racemes 1 to 3, apparently terminal or nearly so (owing to the’ 
arrest of the idrain shoot), or only in the upper axils. 


1. D. bigibbum, Lindl. in Past. Fl. Gard. iii. 25, f. 245. Stem 
in the cultivated plant 6 to 8 in. long, slightly contracted towards Ho 
base, bearing in the upper part 3 or 4 lanceolate leaves of 3 or 4 in., 


ovate-lanceolate, acute, 9 to 10 lines long and about 5 lines broad in 
our specimens, the lateral ones produced with the basal projegtion of 
d viti imo i an eiie peel with a conical te 


middle steko fot 
. Queensland. Mount — Torres Straits, Thomson.—Only known from spe- 
. Cimens GUB red by Loddige 
dicuphum, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 98. Stems strongly 
Bed. and hina sometimes 3 to nore long, rather thick, equal ` or 
. Scarcely contracted towards the base, sometimes shortened into a conical 
pseudo bulb. Leaves few on the upper part of the stem, lanceolate or 


278 CXX: ORCHIDER, [ Dendrobium. 


linear-lanceolate, 3 to 6 in. long. Raceme erect, on an apparently 
terminal peduncle of 6 in. to I ft., with 3 or 4 (probably pink or 


broad, the middle lobe oblong-lanceolate, acute or mucronate and not 


2 lines broad ; the disk with 3 raised longitudinal lines or plates more 


or less fringed or crested and extending some way along the middle | 


lobe, and occasionally 1 or 2 shorter additional fringed lines. 


Liverpool river, Gulliver ; and probably the same, but our specimen — 
2 ; 


,N. Austr 
without flowers, Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 412 


4. D. undulatum, R. Br. Prod. 332. A stout species growing in 
large tufts and attaining with the racemes several ft., the stems often 


obtuse spur. Labellum shorter than the sepals, the lateral lobes large, 
‘erect, nearly flat, the middle lobe small, broadly lanceolate or oblong, 
recurved and undulate ; the disk with 5 raised lines or plates of a ui 
violet colour, of which 2 more prominent especially near the base 
‘sometimes 7 immediately below the middle lobe. Column short— — 


b 
i 


Dendrobium.] CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 279 


Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 87 ; den f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 298, Beitr. 
47; F. Muell. Fragm. i. 87; D. discolor, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 59. 

We tanum Endeavour river, in many — vices along md coast, Banks and 
Solander, R. Brown, A. Cum mingham ; Port C M'Güllieray ; Curtis island, 
Thoze graye Liam, bay, Dallachy ; Port Denison, ea tzalan (pesmes 1 14 ft. long, 
with n 30 flowers) ; Cape Yo enel Albany island, A. 

The species is said to be a native also of Java, but only on garden ee It is 
not in aided ia any enumeration of Archipelago Orchids, nor have we any extra- 
Australian specimen. 


ES smaller, the an deu and se - — about 2 in. long, 
of a uniform dull brown, the labellum yellow ag. t. 0540. 

Queensland?  Cultivated by Veitch from Rorthers Moe , D. canalicu- 
latim (D. Tattonianum). Of this I have only seen the plate quoted, and two loose 
flowers in Reichenbach's i ae 


6. D. speciosum, Sm. ee, EUIS O (the flowers grossly 

misrepresented). Stems very thick and Beshy 6 in. D lft. high. Leav 

few (2 to 5) distichous towards the apex of the stem, ovate or oblong, 

thick, flat or slightly undulate, 3 to 6 in. long. Racemes apparently 

terminal, often above 1 ft: long, the sheathing scales at the base of the 
cle 1 i e 


he 
pouch. se E mier shorter than the sepals, nearly white 
spotted with purple, the lateral lobes short and broad, the middle lobe 
broader than long, very obtuse or refit. Colum n white, often spotted 
with purple.—R. Br. Prod. 332; Lindl. Gen. and «d Orch. 87 ; 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 48; Bot. go t. 3074; Bot. Reg. t. 1610 
ort (ul R. Brown; Brisbane river, W. Hill; eat 


nesy; Ri alla. 
. Wales. Port sen Banks and Solander, se Woolls, Vicary ; north- 
ward to Hastings river, Tozer; southward to Cape Howe, F 
’ hyay ; 


Nangatta niepitiius an oa river, 
D. Hill oip k. Bot. d f; Ar as suggested by FM ller, Fragm. iv. 175, 
a slight variety of D. speciosum, with the sepals "€ petals rene and 
longer than hose P red t. n. but shorter and rather narrower than those of several 


other s Spec 


TD. NEA num, A. Cunn. in Bot. Heg. 1839, Mise. 33. Stems 
from a creeping or tufted deeem numerous, forming sm udo- 
bulbs at the base, from 1 or 2 in. to above 1 1 ft. long, very rominently 
dangled, rather ‘slender in the lower portion, thickened above the 

ddle or near the apex. Leaves 2 or 3 near "^ su -e idi n " n" 
m or broadly dutotiiut acute, 2 to 4 in Race 
leaves 1 or 2, short and loose, bearing buie ae 1 to 3 y» ptite 


280 CXX. ORCHIDEZ. [ Dendrobium. 


een — bordered with brownish red on pedicels of 4 to 1 in. 
= rrow. Sepals from a broad triangular base of ls in. 


Disk with 3 raised lines or narrow plates scarcely undulate, the central one 


Bot. Re ee 1841, Mise. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 5956; F. Muell. Fragín.- i. 87. 


Queensland. Dry shaded woods, Moreton s. A. Cunningham; Islands of 
Morton. s Lr F. Mueller ; Rockham mpton, Bowman, O'Shanesy; Rockingham bay, 


p. a s. "Wales. Hastings, Macleay, and Clarence rivers, Beckler; Tweed river, 
ilfoyle 


um, R. Br. Prod. 333. Stems Mu rather thick, some- 


times tapering ped a long thin base wit small pseudo obulb as in 
. tetragonum. aves % or near the summit, ovate or o long. 
Racemes lio 3 at ihe end between the leaves, 9 or 3 in. long, the 


rhachis slender, the bracts small and cA s Flowers rarely above 
th me, on slender pedicels of 4 in. or less. Sepals narrow 
"neeolates almost linear, often nearly 1 in. long, striate, the basal 
r spur short and broad, turned upwards. Petals narrow-linear 

as Ed as the ns Labellum scarce y above m. Jong; contracted 


di he 
.—Lindl. Gen. and EP Orch. 87; Reichb. f. Beitr. 1; 
F. Muell. Fragm. i. 213; Bot. Mag. t. 2906. 

Queens alunt. Brisbane river, Bailey. 

. S. Wales. Vm ackson, R Brown; Blue Mountains, Miss At kinson, 
Vicary; New England, C. p Hastings river, Beckler; Richmond river, Hen- 
derson ; Aog: river, Guilfoyle 

The figure above quoted CER the Botanieal Magazine represents the stems thicker 
and shorter, and the sepals and petals shorter and broader than they are in the wild 


9. D. Kingianum, Bidw. in Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1844, Mise. 11, 1845, 
l. Stems usually 3 to 6 in. high, striate with prominent angles, 
thickened at the base. - Leaves at the summit of the stem 3 to 5, lanceolate 


others. Petals about as long, but narrower. Spur conical, slightly in- 
curved, about 3 lines long. Labellum not much shorter then the sepals, 
not undulate, the lateral lobes very prominent, almost oblong, obtuse, the 


ot ae 


MS See RR 


Dendrobium.] CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 281 
middle lobe scarcely longer, but very broad, almost reniform, the disk 
with 3 raised lines or plates extending to the base of the middle lobe, 
but not beyond.—Bot. Mag. t. 4527; F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 60. 


Queen 
N. S. 


sland. Moreton bay ? Bidwill. 
Wales. Ou rocks and trees, Biron, Leichhardt; New England, C. Stuart. 


Queensland. Moreton bay, F. Mueller. sii "i 
. S. Wales. Macleay and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; Lord Howe's island, €. 
Moore, and others. ; 


ly marked with prominent angles and furrows, sometimes 
equally thick throughout, sometimes attenuate or thickened at the 
ase i 


middle lobe linear-lanceolete, complicate, not undulate, at least $ as 
long as the sepals; disk with slightly raised lines only between the 
short lateral lobes. 

DA S. Wales. Trees and rocks, Lord Howe's island, C. Moore, Eclipse Expe- 
tton. , 


12. D. agrosto] hyllum, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 28. Stems about 
1 ft. high, rather Sender, leafy from the middle upwards. Leaves lan- 
rags, 


more than twice as broad as long; the disk with a raised plate or callus 


Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


289 CXX. ORCHIDE. [ Dendrobium. 


e end and very obtuse. Petals: 
rather smaller than the sepals. Labellum with a long broad claw, ex- 

anded at the apex into a concave. complicate almost hood-shaped 
lamina, shorter than the sepals, broader than long, entire or broadly 
and shortly 2-lobed. Pollen-masses of the genus, closely cohering in 
airs 


Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy.— The species is evidently closely 
allied to the D. viridiroseum, Reichb. f., described from garden specimens said to have 
been brought from Java, which, however, has more acute sepals and a somewhat diffe- 
rently shaped labellum. 


culatum, R: Br. Prod. 333. Stems or pseudobulbs 
usually rather thick and not above 1 to 2 in. high. Leaves at the sum- 


coloured nearly orbicular lamine.—Lindl, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 91; 
ic itr. 49; F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 126; D. Tattonianum; 
Batem. in Gard. Chron. 1865, 890; Bot. Mag. t. 5537. 
sland. Endeavour river, Banks and Solander; Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 
“ Flowers fragrant."— There are no specimens —€— of Banks and Solander's plant, 
bnt from the drawing in the British Museum there is no doubt of its identity with Z^ 
Tattonianum, although the colour of the flowers is rather duller. 


. 9. MowornyrLza.— Stems usually numerous, short and 
thick, terminating in a single leaf, with 1 to 3 flowers also at the apex 
of the stem at the base of the leaf. 

15. D. monophyllum, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 189. Stems from a 
creeping rhizome numerous, erect, thick, narrow-conical, 1 to 2 ne 
long, with very prominent ribs and furrows, at least when dry. Le 


EV ink YS I Sl e 


3 
AG 


PAS ET 


PI ES 


She EST E ee ees) 


S A ss tl ee een n 


Dendrobium. CXX. ORCHIDER. 283 


parently terminal, oblong or lanceolate, flat, 9 to 3 in. long. Raceme 


a c 
also solitary and apparently terminal, about as long as the leaf, with 2 
0 » : . 


r 3 “yellow” flowers on pedicels of 3 or 4 lines. Bracts minute. 


Queensland. On the upper branches of lofty trees, Brisbane river, Moreton bay, 
A. Cunningham, W. Hill; Glasshouse Mountains, Beyerley. 
N. S. Wales. i eckler. 


Richmond and Clarence rivers, 


16. D. hispidum, A. Rich. Sert. Astrol. 18, t. 5. A dwarf plant 
forming dense tufts. Stems usually from under 1 in. to nearly 2 in. 


membranous’ scarious sheaths. Leaf apparently vo ze or 
. lon 


s 
lanceolate, prominently keeled underneath, 1 to 2 in. long. edicels 


rather narrower. Petals linear, as long as the sepals, Labellum 
as long as,the sepals, the lateral lobes rather broad, the middle lobe at 
least as broad as long, with raised wrinkles on its surface but no raised 
lines on the disk between the lateral lobes. Capsule echinate, ovoid or 
globular, about 3 lines diameter.—F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 30. 

eensland. On trees, Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—Our specimens are in fruit 
only, but a somewhat withered flower in Herb. F. Mueller shows precisely the oy 


figured by A. Richard, from the original specimens gathered in the island of Vanikoro. 


17. D 
A dwarf species like the two preceding, the tufted stems not exceeding 


the base of the leaf and rather shorter. Sepals and petals yellowish- 
white, streaked with a reddish-yellow, about lin. long. Spur sh 
c 


nent, almost acute, the middle lobe ovate, shortly acuminate, recurved, 
with undulate-crisped margins; the disk with 3 or 5 longitudinal raised 
lines or plates, even between the lateral lobes, much undulate on the 
middle lobe.—Bot. Mag. t. 4619; F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 59. — 
, N. S. Wales arina. trees near Brownlow hill, Camden, Woolls, accord- 
ing to a memorandum received from F. Mueller.—I have seen no specimen; the above 
character is taken from Lindley’s figure and descriptions. 


284 XX. ORCHIDER. [ Dendrobium. 


Sect. 3. Rurzoprum, Lindl.—Stems or rhizomes creeping, with 
scarious sheathing scales. Leaves solitary in the axils of the scales, 
: icó 


r 
(a rudimentary stem or pseudobulb). Racemes few-flowered, also from 
the rhizome. 


row to above the middle, then expanded into a broadly ovate-triangular 
acute recurved lamina, very much undulate but scarcely 3-lobed ; the 
disk with 3 raised lines or plates, even on the claw, much undulate on 
the lamina.—D. pungentifolium, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 189. 
Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. Mueller; Mount Lindsay, W. Hill. 
N. S. Wales. Blue Mountains, Woolls, Miss Atkinson; Hastings river, Bechler; 
New England, C. Stuart ; southward to Illawarra, A. Cunningham, Shepherd. 


9. D. rigidum, R. Br. Prod. 333. Stems or rhizomes shortly 
creeping, the young shoots covered by the membranous scarious sheath- 
i b 


in D. pugionif Raceme about as long as the leaves, the one figured 
bearing 3 flowers about 5 lines long including the broad obtuse pouch. 
Sepals * nish white tin with red,” the dorsal one broadly 


avour river, Banks and Solander.—Only known from a s 


ing the young shoots. aves articulate on broad circular scars 
or scarcely raised disks at the axils of the sheaths, ovate or oblong, 
mostly under 1 in. long, but very thick and fleshy. Ra 

rhizomes 2 or 3 in. long, with a slender rhachis, bearing from 6 or even 
fewer to above 20 flowers on filiform pedicels of 3 to 5 lines.  Bracts 


Dendrobium.] CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 285 
minute and scale-like. eo narrow linear-lanceolate, 7 to 10 lines 
long, the pouch or spur short broad and turned upwards. Petals 


lobe te, ob 
disk with 3 very prominent raised lines or plates, even ‘between the 
lateral lobes, all three produced and much undulate on the middle 
—Sm. Exot. Bot. i. 19 t. 11; R. Br. Prod. 333; Lindl. Gen. and 
Sp. Orch. 85; Reichb. f. Beitr. 51. 
Queensland. Mountains near Brisbane, Dallachy ; Moreton bay, W. Hill. 
N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Caley and many others; 
Hastings river, Beckler; Clarence river, Wilcox; Durval, Leichhardt ; New England, 
C. Stuart; Port Macquarrie, Tozer. 


SECT. 4. STRONGYLE, Lindl.—Stems elongated, branched, usually 
rather slender. Leaves distant, terete. Racemes few-flowered or 
1-flowered, peduncles lateral. 


21. D. teretifolium, R. Br. Prod. 333. 
creeping rhizome, elongated, terete, divaricately branched. Leaves few, 


filiform peduncles of 3 to lin. Sepalslinear-subulate, above 1 in. Jong, 


eola 
eulate, acuminate and recurved, the lateral lobes very small, the disk 
dotted with red and bearing 3 undulate raised lines or lates. Column 
dotted with red.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 91; F. Muell. Fragm. i. 
89; Reichb. f. Beitr. 51; Endl. Iconogr. t. 99; Bot. Mag. t. 4711; 
D. calamiforme, Lodd. in Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. 9. 
Queensland. Rockhampton, O'Shanesy, Bowman. : 

. S. ales. Port Jackson, R. Brown; Hastings and Clarence rivers, Beckler, 
B; Port Macquarrie, Backhouse; Richmond river, Henderson; New England, 
- Stuart. 


__D. Fairfazii, F. Muell. in Sydney Mail, Sept. 21, 1872, 360, with a woodcut, from 
Mount Tomah, appears to be a slight variety of D. teretifolium with leaves 1 ft. 
long and some slight differences in the spotting and undulations of the labellum. The 
flowers are also described as more numerous but not so figured 


286 CXX. ORCHIDE. [ Dendrobium. 


lum rather shorter than the sepals, dilated in the middle into 2 broad 
cem recurved, the margins undulate- 


D. Baai ilium, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1899, Mise, 32, not of R. Br.; 
D. Milligani, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 88, t. 6; Hook. f. Fl. il ii. 373. 
N. S. Wales. Blue Mountains, PUNK Miss Tes Cape Howe, Walter. 
Victoria. Rocks along the Genoa river, F. 
Tasmania. On rocks Flinders A grk iny Peak, &c., Milligan, Ricketts, 


species in Herb. F. Mueller, vat nim no flowers it cann etermined e 
ey belong to this or to the following bind; indl. in Paxt. Fl. 
Ga d i. 134 (name only) is ep rages in Herb. Lindl ingle flower mee ap 


Mortii, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 214 and ii. 93 (partly). Stems _ 


23. D. 
elongated and branched as in D sue bare but much more sle ende 


lobes Tad, dis middle lobe acuminate. Column 
N. S. Wales. Hastings river, Bechler; Macleay river, Fitzgerald; New Eng- 
land, C. Stuart. 
eckleri, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 95, and vii. 59, seems to me to be precise ely the same 
as the plant originally — T him as D. Mortii, although 1 the | flowers described in 
F e been from one of Bowman's Bersaker which 
me to s n i stlac 


24. D. Bowmanii, Benth. a elongated and branched, fee : 


slender than in D. terti bii but not so much so as in D. Mortii. es 
terete, 2 to 4 in. long. Flowers dakoi white, sraka 2 together 
on a very short common peduncle, ae slender r pedi cels not above 8 or 4 
lines long. Betis lanceolate as in D. striolatum, but the spur nearly 
as long as the remainder of the seal each a 3 lines long. Pet 
rather narrower. Labellum nearly as long as the sepals, the lateral 
lobes broad, the middle lobe broadly heey dia TENA crisped and 
slightly notched, the disk with longitudinal undulate raised n or 

ates.—.JD. Mortii, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 93, at least as to the flowers, 

ut not the original D. Mortii, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 214. 

Queensland. On trees and rocks, Rodd’s bay, A. Cunningham; Bersaker Range 
and Port Cooper, Bowman. 


4. BOLBOPHYLLUM, Thou. 


Sepals erect, free, acuminate, nearly equal, the lateral ones obliga 
dilated at the base and connate with the basal projection of the column 
into a pouch or short — Petals usually much smaller th 
- sepals. Fá belin articulate at the end of the basal projection of the 
umn, usually entire and contracted into a claw, Column very short, 


Bolbophytlum. | CXX. ORCHIDER. 287 


The genus is spread over the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World, one 
rii found as far south as New Zealand. The Australian species appear to to be all 


Bier ils reduced to a small scarcely prominent disk. Leaves | 
. small, pridcgibalen succulent. Peduncles 1-flowered . . 1. B. lichenastrum. 
Pseudobulbs ong. Leaves linear or pe neni succulent, 
without any midrib. Peduncles 1-flowe 
ra linear-lanceolate, 3 to 5 in. long. "Pidüiidle 1 to 14 in. 


2. B. nematopodum, 
Eos linear, very thick and fleshy, 1 1 go 2in. ‘long. " Peduncle 
2 to 4 lines long, with distan à 3. B. Shepherdi. 
Leaves oblong or lanceolate Ah ns 3 in. "long. Peduncle : 
rcely 2 Miles long, with loosely Ove dapiiiny bracts . . 4. B. aurantiacum. 
P udobulbs ovoid, ve ly wrinkled. Leaves oblong or 
nceolate, with a N prominin midrib. Peduncles with a 
eme o 
Peduncles filiform, 1 to 2 n. long. Sepals 2 to 2} lines long, 
_ ede 316 Fn og,” Lateral sepals gih dne deal one ^ ooa 
Peduncles 3 to 6 in. an ai Lateral by [ts the dorsal one 
shorter oo ve B. EN 
. l. B. lichenastrum, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 60. Creepin ,rhiromes 
forming very dense pat atches. Pseudobulbs reduced to a small scarcel 
prominent circular disk, surrounded b e long frin M remains 
of the scarious sheath. Leave s thick, ka otg or almost globular, 
2 to ines diameter, ‘Propalasty rugose owers very 
small, “ yellow, ” solitary on peduncles or e to 3 lin long, 
ith 1 or 2 scarious sheaths at their base and apparently articulate 


below the flower. rr ovate-lanceolate, about 1 line long, besides 


y as long as the se 
T On rocks A a Seaview mano Rockingham P" — 


ki 
z 
E 
£t 
- 
5 
d 
d 
e 
25 
2 
et 
a 
O 
J 2 
c 


288 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Bolbophyllum. 


abruptly contracted into a short claw, the lamina nearly Ex i 
pa ee very short, with two narrow erec 
Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 


N. S. AER Miss A kinson, Woolls ; an i o Has 
Macleay, and oie rivers, Beckler. e, tiver, Leichhardt ; ra bade to uM 
warra, Shepherd; and probably the same species from Grose river, R. Brown; tar 


m B. aurantiacum, F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 39. Nearly allied to 
B. Shepherdi, but a stouter lant Pseu dobulbs small “and voids 
t 


Aai i, but s showing ho re 
decided angle or un at the end of th tho. basal projection of the column.— 
drobium aurantiacum, F. Mue 8 

Queensland. Ma bay, W. Hill; on trees and rocks about Rockhampton, 

kr cron O’ Shanesy. 
. S. Wales. Narvoo falls, Macleay river, Fitzgera 

Mes are in some specimens rather crowded on the rhizomes, a fragment of 
br s without leaves led to the mistake of describing the inflorescence as a thyrsoid 
pike. 


exiguum, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 72. ener: ing rhizomes “‘ form- 


a carpet covering large masses of roc seudobulbs ovoid or 
ade globular, oo angular and at a fresh, ve 
rugose when dr lines diameter ree "wee on the pseudo* 


ong, the margins Tum e midrib se cyan 
filiform, 1 to 2i ong, bearing 2to 4 flowers on short filiform 
Sepals iaie, 2 ines kam, the lateral ones dilated at t 


Bolbophyllum.) CXX. ORCHIDEX. 289 


into a short broad pouch. Petals scarcely half as long as the sepals. 
Labellum nearly as long as the sepals, linear, thick and channelled, 
tapering and slightly recurved towards the end.—Dendrobium exiguum, 
F. Muell. Fragm. v. 95. A 

N. S. Wales. Blue Mountains, Caley, Woolls ; northward to Hastings river, 
Beckler; Richmond and Tweed rivers, C. Moore; Bellinger ranges, Fitzgerald; 
southward to Illawarra, A. Cunningham. 

Var. lachyi. Pseudobulbs rather larger and more ovoid. Flowers white, the 
sepals and labellum rather broader than in the N. S. Wales specimens and the petals 
. rather larger, but the specimens imperfect. 

ueensland. Boddüghdda bay, Dallachy. . j 
` The species is very closely allied to the New Zealand R. pygm«us, but that has 
depressed-globular pseudobulbs and apparently differently shaped flowers, with a more 


ent spur or pouc 


usually abo in. long. Leaves solitary, narrow-oblong, contracted 
at the base, mostly 1 to 2 in. long, the midrib prominent underneath 
in um es including the peduncle 6 high 


* mg, wit 

spreading, oblong, thick and ques grooved on the upper surface. 
lumn short, with 2 prominent teeth.— Cirrhopetalum Elise, F. Muell. 

ragm. vi. 120, t. 57. 

| N. S. Wales. Blue Mountains, C. Moore; Vale of Clwyd, Vicary; Clarence 
. river, Beekler; New England, C. Stuart.—Although technically approaching Cirrho- 

etalum in the shortness of the dorsal sepal, this has not the peculiar inflorescence and 

abit of that genus, nor yet all its essential characters. 


5. PHREATIA, Lindl. 
(Plexaure, Endl.) 


or connivent, the lateral ones dilated at 


Sepals nearly equal, erect: 
he basal ar ene of the column, forming a 


the base and adnate to t 


oduced at the base, the membranous margin of the apex entire. 
P 


 tichous, their persistent bases loosely imbricate. Flo 
minute, on exceedingly short pedicels, in axillary racemes. 
VOL. VI. 


je 
M is 
s 


990 CXX. ORCHIDEJX. [ Phreatia. | 


The genus is spread over the Indian Archipelago and the South Sea Islands. The 3 
ee Australian species is also found in Norfolk island. P 

. P. limenophylax, Reichd. f. in Bonplandia 1857, 54 (partly). A — 
ded plant, the very short stem covered by the persistent bases of the — 
leaves. Leaves linear, thick and alaien channelled on the upper 
side, 1 to 2 in. ien the dilated base 3 or 4 lines broad. Eger very 


; Oberonia erassngcula, F. Muell. Herb. ; Zria beber i 
Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. ii. 97, t : 

Queensland. On the barks of Zi RO am bay, Dallachy.—This speci cies is 
also in Norfolk island. I have not seen the pollen-masses in the Australian specimens — 
the fowr being all too far advanced, but the whole plant, the flowers in every pa arti- P 


atia to u 
does not assent to the union. Lindley appears also to confounded this species 
eh South Sea island one which has flat leaves ; and Reichenbach by some mistake 
laces the P. tay ey nin in his group headed * foliis ri tre ;" the leaves are, 
emer figu auer, and specially described by me NAA as“ carnosula, connato- | 
piste, intus me longitudinali notata," precisely as in the Australian specimens. 


6. PHOLIDOTA, Lindl. 


Flowers subglobose. Sepals nearly equal, free. Los. smaller 
reaa sessile at the base of the column, concave or almost saccate 
at the base, entire or 3-lobed, the lateral lobes débil, the middle lobe 
recurved. Column erect, somewhat hood-shaped at the top and wing 
m font nr da rminal, lid-like, 2-celled, the valves almost trans- 

asses 4, waxy, _ globular, without any ca and 


rmi 
often ahs broad and imbricate in the yo opis raceme, 
The genn spread over East India and the AQUI) the only ye 
species E pie the greater part of thé area of the genu 
1. P. imbricata, Lindl. in Hook. Exot. Fl. ii. t. 198; (Jen. and SP. 
Orch. 36. — short, with a few sheathing s et and a single leaf, 
ulbs. af 


leaf, flowering part 
and 6 in. long or more. Bracts roadly ovate, obtuse or almost acute, 
4 to 9 lines long, complicate and imbricate at first, d from the 


Pholidota. | CXX. ORCHIDER. 291 


flexuose rhachis when the flowers are out. Pedicels about 3 lines long. 
Sepals ovate-lanceolate, about 3 lines; petals rather oo peri 


about as long as the sepals, the concave almost erect, 
bordered by the short broad. lateral lobes, the middle rohs ined than 
long, the margin undulate and more or less distinctly 3-lobed. Column 


about 1} lines long, the margins winged upwards. Capsule ME 
about j in. rd —Bot. Reg. t. 1213; Wight e t. 907;. F. Muell. 
Fragm. iv 163. 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—This species is common in E. India 
and the. Fever a the Australian tpe uvae slightly in the rather larger 
bracts. Dallachy describes the flowers as ye 


rosie K 2. VANDER. Taury lid-like, MONS usually deci- 
duous. Pollen-masses waxy, 4 in pairs, on a single r double caudicle 
itiha toa gland. piers Ces or terrestrial with ssi Ap rhizomes. 


7. TMNIOPHYLLUM, Blume. 


Sepals and petals nearly equal, erect or connivent, connate at the 
base. Labellum adnate to the column at the base and produced into a 
short spur or pouch, entire (or shortly 2- lobed ?). Column very short 
erect, WB. 2 teeth in front. ` Anther terminal, lid-like. Pollen-masses 
E in D pairs, with a short slender caudicle. "Gland minute.—E iphy- 
|. tical hats, ‘almost pineal os and leafless or with a tuft of linear leaves. 
Flowers minute, in small slender racemes. 
. The genus has been found also in Java and in Ceylon; the FE species is 
probably endemic 
T. Muelleri, Lindl. Herb, Stems dye scarcely ions 1 line 
inel eniting long linear a Bl roots, Aud x r 3 filiform scapes of 
Bra 


Sahelian linear, as ja as the sepals, and in the only flower I could 
examine appeared to be shortly 2-lobed at the end, with a minute toot 
between the lobes, 2 a ouch or spur obtuse, about 1 line long.— 
Sarcochilus Baileyi, F Il. Herb. 


Queensland. On trees near Brisbane, y. Hil, C. Prentice, Bailey. 


8. SARCOCHILUS, Br. 
(Thrixspermum, Lour.; Gunnia, Lindl.) 
als tals nearly equal, free, spreading, the lateral sepals 
Sai more or n aes at the base and adnate to the basal projection 
of the colum llum articulate at the end of the basal projection 
of the obit ted any spur at its base, S-lobid.d the eee lobes 
rather large, the terminal one (in the Australian s very 
short and tooth-like or cushion-like, with a solid fleshy dorsal pe AA 


299 CXX. ORCHIDE. leee 


Pollen-masses 4 in pairs on a what flattened caudicle. —Epiphy- 
tical herbs. Stems short, gionis "i with the prominent persistent 
truncate bases of the leaves or leafless. Leaves flat and often falcate, 
or narrow-linear, or none. Racemesaxillary. Bracts small. Capsules 
usually linear or narrow-oblon 

The genus is spread over East India and the Archipelago, with one New Zeala nd 
nem. but the Au etg ones appear to be all endemic. Heichenbach having iden- 

ified Loureiro's Thrixspermum as a species of Sarcochilus has adopted his generic 


pebetivaied for the universally received one of Sarcochilus, nor can we corr 
ing to the rules of etymology without interfering with T'richospermum, pony in 


Leaves hiir, lanceolate or SEEN Middle lobe of the labellum 
.. short and toothlike, glabro: 
Lateral age adnate t the [ees only of the ro of the 
ich represents a claw to the labellu 
Sepals and jen narrow-linear, subulate- cies. 1 to 


‘ 1. S. di eei 
eph ud p? oblong, 6 to 7 lines lon ng 2. SS. fale 
Lateral sepals adnate to the whole of the projection "of the 
column. j 
Sepals (5 to 6 di twice as ONE as the labellum. i 
Pie and peta és ties ng . . 8. S. Fitzgeraldi. 
als and Leve linear-oblon ong 4. 8. olivaceus. 
Sepals (at bwin 5 lines) "ut little longer than the labellum 5. 8. parviflorus. 
Leaves narr lear or none, iddle 1 the labellum broad 
or éusbionlike and densely covered ih a white pubescence 
( Chiloschista). 


eaves linear. feiern qais adnate to the whole of the pro- 
n of the ec 
Be early 3 ume ong. Lateral lobes of the labellum 
m longer than be middle lobe and the dorsal ie m 
berance 6. S. Cecilie. 
M oe abont 1 1 lines... Lateral lobes of the labellum shorter 
an e broad middle lobe and the spurlike dorsal protu- 
7. S. Hillüi. 
No beris - Lateral sepals (about 2 lines) adnate only to the 
ase of the prdectin of the column ee momok tay a claw T 
to > the } abellum . 8. S. phyllorhizus. 


divitidorus, 1 F. Muell. Herb. Stems unknown. Leaves 


l. S. 
oblong, 3 to 4 in. long and nearly lin. broad, flat with prominent 
Scape or peduncle at 6 in. ae flowering from below the 


de br CS Me A DU E E RET Po in oe oe Rese ads 2s pia eats bis = 


. what mealy 


N.S. W 
Guilfoyle. 


Sarcochilus. | CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 293 


without any prominent spur or point. Labellum with a narrow claw of 

about l line, the lamina with an erect central saccate lobe of about 

1 line, the lateral lobes twice as long, oblong, obtuse, clasping the very 

short moe Pollen-masses 2 on a short caudicle, the pollen some- 
aly. 


N. S. Wales. Macleay river, Fitzgerald.—l have only seen racemes and loose 
leaves of this remarkably distinct species. The flowers at first sight resemble those of 
Dendrobium teretifolium, but the structure is totally different. 

2. S. falcatus, R. Br. Prod. 359. Stems rarely above 2 or 3 in. 
high, rather stout, covered by the rigid loosely imbricate sheathing 
$ 4i 


e 
B 
o 
E 
C 
£e 
er 
© 
` 
wo 
© 
w 


rter. 
Bracts ovate, about 2 lines long.  Pedicels and ovary about j in. 
Sepals and petals nearly equal, oblong, obtuse, 6 to 7 lines long, the 


lines. Labellum ascending from the end of it, the lateral lobes large, 
ovate, the middle lobe very short broad and almost scale-like or 
i with a thick Heshy dorsal protuberance or solid 
spur; the disk with a transverse 2-lobed scale or callus between the 
lateral lobes. Column short, with 2 very prominent acuminate angles. 


.. Capsules linear, sometimes 3 in. long.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 142 ; 


Bot. Reg. t. 1832; F. Muell. uu: vii. 97 ; Thrizspermum falcatum, 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 46. : 
N. S. Wales. Hunter's, Paterson's, and Williams’ rivers, R. Brown; Macleay 
river, Fitzgerald; Hastings river, C. Moore; Woolongong, Backhouse; Illawarra, 
unningham., 


P A. Ob 


3. S. Fitzgeraldi, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 115. Stem foliage and 
general aspect of S. falcatus, the leaves from 3 to 6 in. long. Racemes 


. olivaceus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1839, Mise. 82. Stems covered 


4. S 
_ With the prominent bases of the leaves as in S. ,faleatus, but generally 


orter, under 1 in. long. Leaves oblong, often faleate, 2 to 3in. long, 


. apparently thinner than in S. falcatus. Racemes loose, of 2 or 3 flowers 


PII 


h WETS, 
the rhachis flexuose, not exceeding the leaves. Bracts very small. Sepals 


994. CXX. ORCHIDEZ. .  [Sarcochilus. 


and petals of oe dull end purple or - yellowish brown, 5 to 6 lines long 
linear-oblong, much contracted below the middle, the lateral sepals 
dilated at the faut and x ate to the whole of the basal projection of 

e column. Labellum white strosko with red, — mtr: eee 


between the lateral lobes. Column short, vid a long basal projection. 
Capsule narrow.—F. Muell Fragm. vii. 97; S. dilatatus, F. Muell. 
Fragm.i.191; Thrivspermum olivaceum and T. dilatatum, Reichb. f. Xen. 
Orchid. ii. 199. 

Aa geo sene Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; Moreton bay, W. Hill 

S. Wale nt Hastings and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; Macleay river, Fitzgerald; 

Mawar, Shepher 

Gunnia picta, ion pes Reg. 1838, Misc. 45 ieri ictus, Reichb. f. 
Walp. A 501; Thrizspermum ` pietum, Ag f. Xen br ch. ii. 122), fo 
Sydney, Hort. Loddiges iges, or rn Brisbane (Reichb. f. 3 diis not — to me ui differ 
from S. olivaceus. The calli of the labellum in this as in 8. parviflorus vary from 
specimen to specime 


. S. parviflorus, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 34, Habit entirely 
that of de antler Y spe cimens of Z. olivaceus, the short stems covere 


flowers, on pedicels of 2 to 3 lines. Sepals narrow-oblong, 4 to 5 lines 
long, besides the narrow base of the late aa” ee riu to the Pe 
i Labellum 


. S. Wales. Twofold bay, F. Mueller (ui diced Qui nih ned this 
pants 
Victoria. Apollo bay, F’. Mueller ; Dandenong range, T 
asmania. ushes and small trees in deep gullies im qt forests, Fon bay, 
Black river, Circular Head, Great Swan Port, &c., es nn, Milligan, and other 


6. S. Cecilize, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 49, t. 42. Stems sometimes very 
short, sometimes "alongated t6 9.or Sin: “Leaves linear or narrowly 
D aiias e, thick, 2 to 3 in. long. Racemes longer than the 
leaves and sometimes attaining 6 to 81 , 


PUB ELTERN AE CONI ER I EN E E ER E OER E IESE CMT E AER MNA RISORSE UN AP NNER Mian, NINE Ge SRE BUNTE RENI RT a a a 


Sarcochilus. | CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 295 


long basal projection of the column; dorsal sepal of the same length 
but narrower ; ueste s still narrower. Labellum much shorter than the 
l 


l with several calli, more or P adnate to the lateral lobes.— 

Thrixspermum qe Reichb. f. Beitr. 71. 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, pee (with linear leaves); Cleveland bay, 
-Bowman (with more lanceolate leaves). 

7. S. Hillii, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 94, vii. 98. Stems very short. 
Leaves few, narrow-linear, bi thick, 1 to o $ in. long. Racemes very 


abou e long, sessile on the very short basal projection of t 

umn, the lateral lobes short, almost acute, the m obe rather 
longer, broader than long, retuse, thickly covered on the surface with 
white wool; the dorsal protuberance or solid s cdi «pu 
longer than the quis lobes; the disk with several promin li.— 
Dendrobium sg uell. Fragm. i. 88, ii. 94 ; oe Hillii, 
Reichb. f. Beit 


Oen (reed river, Moreton bay, W. Hill; Rockhampton, Thozet, 
“Wales. Paramatta, Camden and Nepean rivers, Woolls; Hastings and 
Bice rivers, Beckler. 


orhizus, uell. Fragm. 1. Apparently stemless 
and bie the pales yy flattened atopa roots — 
the very short stock and sometimes assuming almost the spect "af 


-Labellum sessile at the end of this projection or claw, the lateral lobes 
small, narrow-oblong, clavate, pu ^ the middle lobe very short an 
obtuse, almost globular and densely white-woolly on the inner surface 
as in S. Cecilie and S. Hillii i; the dorsal protuberance very short.— 
Bose» phyllorhizum, Reichb. f. Beitr. 71. 

pw ens. Cape York, M'Gillivray, Daemel; Fitzroy island, Herb. F. Mueller 
(collector not named). 


9. CLEISOSTOMA, Blume. 


Sepals and ale nearly equal, free, s rending, the lateral sepals 
sometimes adnate i a basa P projection of thé c olumn. La bellum inserted 
e the base of oe tine or of its basal projection but free from it, with 
a pouch or spur at its base, undivided inside but with a reflexed or 
horizontal ‘aes or appendage inside at the orifice, the lamina 3-lobed, 


296 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. | Cleisostoma, 


sheathing persistent bases. Flowers small, in axillary racemes, the 
spur of the labellum rather long in the Australian species. 


The genus extends over East India and the Archipelago; the Australian species, a8 
endemic. : 


far as known, are all er 

Column very shortly produced at the base. Spur of the labellum 
with the inner appendage deflexed and ciliate on the upper 
or lamina side of the cavity . . . . . . . . . . . L1. Ctridentatum. 

Column with a rather long basal projection. Spur with the inner 
appendage horizontal and glabrous on the lower or column side 
OF (NG UTR a cese ndis ib tae soos CETUR SK ny 

Column not produced at the base. Spur of the labellum with the 
inner appendage horizontal and glabrous on the lower or 
Solum Bde OF the Office... V S TSA UU. CY. 


2. O. Beckleri. 


3. C. Macphersoni. 


. Muell Fragm. i. 192; Sar 
calearatus, F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 181, vii. 08; Sarcochilus tridentatus, 
Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 500. 
ne Brisbane river, Moreton bay, W. Hill, Bailey; Wide bay, Leich- 


N. S. ‘Wales. Camden, Bent's Basin, Nepean river, Woolls ; Hastings and Cla- 
rence rivers, Beciler ; New England, C. Stuart ; southward to Illawarra, falston. 


33 


kleri, F. Muell. Herb. Stem and leaves not seen, but said - 


2. C. Bec 
to be an epiphyte with a short rigid stem hanging from trees. Racemes 
2 or 3in. long. Sepals and petals scarcely 1 lines long, the lateral 
- e LI ab 14 


sepals ad asal projection of the column of t 14 lines. 
Labellum at the end of the basal projection ; spur narrow-conical, above 
lline long, the orifice half closed transverse plat the bas 


side; the lamina short and broad, the lateral lobes erect and narrow. 
almost linear, shorter than the spur, the middle lobe shortly and 
broadly semiorbicular. 

N. S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler. 


Cleisostoma.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 297 


3. C. Macphersoni, F. Muell. Herb. Stems short, covered with 
the very prominent baie of the leaves. Leaves 4 to 6 in. long and at 


least 1 in. broad, th ins not prominent except the midrib, which 
forms an acute keel dadar, Spikes rigid, not longer than the 
leaves, the flowers rather numerous, sessile, nd petals 


and narrow. , Capsu e oblong, idis ribi — Saccolabium 

soni, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 96. 

8 Quee xat peace bay, Dallachy. raced has much the aspect of a small- 
lowered 4 Sarcanthus, but the spur is not divided insi 


10. VANDA, R. Br. 


d. smooth or in species not Australian with callosities ufo the 
pouch. Column short, thick, erect, with an obtuse or retuse rostellum. 


in pairs or 
2 deeply 2-lobed, attached to a linear or cuneate caudicle on a large 
—Epiphytical nets with distichous often thick and coriaceous 

or fleshy leaves. Race s lateral. Flowers usually large and show 
The genu extends over E. quis and the Archipelago as far as S. China; the pij 
Australian dic p is hiie the « same as an Archipelago one. 


l. V. Hindsii, Lindl. in Hook. Lond ii. 997, and in Pact. _ 
Mag. ii. 91. Stems of andes length, with sarl canaliculate leaves 
of 1 ft. or more. Racemes 6 in. to above 1ft. in length, with 3 to 10 
large flowers, the spreading pedicels often 2 to 3i in. long ‘includin ng the 
Ovary. Sepals and petals nearly 1 in. long, broadly obovate with sinuate 
margins, contracted into a broad claw, of a pale yellow 
side, white inside with purple mas slightl shaded with yellow at the 

ase and with pink tovs the m A i: ab 


les 
the l latéral lobak short and broad, the middle lobe much longer, obovate- 
oblong, emarginate or shortly 2-lobed, without callosities on the disk. 
Column white.— V. uw Lindl.in Bot. Reg. 1847, under t. 59, and 
in Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 90, t. 42; Bot. Mag. t. 4432; V. suavis, F: Muell. 
F edm vii. 135, but aaile of Lindl. 
Arnhem’s Land, F. Mueller ; and also in New Guinea and Jav 
if the determination and synonymy are std f the 
single flower and leaf in Herb. F. Muell, in which the size and shape of the 
sepals, petals, and labefhuos as cos with those of indsit an o 
in Herb. Lindi. as far as can. be judged from dried specimens, Lindley distinguishes 


298 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [ Vanda. 


In Herbs H ook. t qud ecimen o of V. tricolor figured in the Magazine has had at lea st 
owers. It is true that Lindley, bs Folia Orchidacea, refers this to V. suavis, but 


a ; 
Orchideæ under the names of V. tricolor or ML suavis, and. exinde very variable both 


11. SACCOLABIUM, Lindl. 


Sepals and ag nearly equal, free, spreading, the lateral sepals 
often more or dilated at the base and adnate to a basal projection 
of the column. Labellum articulate at e base of the column or at 


the end of its basal oar with a hollow spur or ara at the poe. 


neither internally divided nor with any forie, appendage, the lamina 
usually undivided or without n M amont middle lobe. Column 


Short, erect, often produced at base. Anther lid-like. Pollen- 
masses 4 in pairs (or 2 jn 2-lobed), attached to a caudicle.—Epi- 
phytical herbs. Stems marked with or covered by the truncate persis- 

tent bases of the beatae gx at. Racemes axillary, simple or in 
species not Australian branched. Bracts small. 


The genus is generally distributed over "dau India and the Archipelago. The only 
Australian species appears to be endem 


l.S. Hillii, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 192. Stems rigid, flexuose, several 
inches long, covered with ic d glóesscins deeply — bases of the leaves. 
Leaves distichous, rigid, w rominent nerves, mostly 3 to 5 in. lon 
- and $ to 1 in. broad. Mets usually about the ‘enigth of the leat, 


pee Brisbane river, Moreton ba an F. Mueller, W. Hill, Bailey. 
. S. Wales. Clarence river, Beckler ; Tweed river, Guilfoy yle. 


12. GEODORUM, Jacks. 
Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, erect. Labellum erect, sessile 
at the base of the column but free from it, broad, concave and slight d 
saccate at the base, entire or scarcely lobed. "Column short, erect, 


a ee 


sts 


da Rea ie E fae 


SETS oe ee EE ee ee ee SM Ee ea OP eee ETSI ET 


Geodorum.| CXX. ORCHIDEJX. 299 


The genus extends over East India and the Archipelago. The Australian spe ies is 
generally supposed to be endemic, but the differences between some of the species are 
very slight, and require further investigation. 


^ xpand (from F. Mueller's notes). Pedicels short. Bracts 
linear, white. Sepals and petals oblong, 4 to 5 lines long. Labellum 
broadly ovate, darkly veined, obtuse and emarginate or very shortly 


inged. Pollen-masses ovoid- 
pu. waxy, 9-lobed.—F. Muell. Fragm. iii. 24; Reichb. Beitr. 
6; Cymbidium pictum, R. Br. Prod. 331. 
N. Australia. North coast, R. Brown; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 728; Escape 
Cliffs, Hulse. ; 
ueensland. Moreton bay, Bernays; Rockhampton, O'Shanesy, Thozet ; Cleve- 
os DAY, Bowman; Wide bay, Bidwill; Rockingham bay, Dallachy, Port Denison, 
tzalan. 


ind two specimens with their calli and markings the same, and it appears to me - 
most probable that there is but one species in Australia, and that perhaps not really 
. dilatat 


13. EULOPHIA, R. Br. 
Sepals and petals nearly equal, spreading, free or the lateral sepals ad- 
imn. Labellum inserted at 
the base of the column or its projection but free from it, produced at the 
ase into a short pouch or spur, the lamina 3-lobed or rarely undivided, 
the disk usually marked with cristate or bear veins. Column semi- 


300 XX. ORCHIDEE. [ Eulophia. 


or 2 and bifid, waxy, attached to a short mw caudicle on. a trans- 
verse gland.— Terrestrial herbs, with short stems. Leaves distichous, 
po or —, those of the flowering it reduced to sheathing 
mes terminal or on radical scapes. 

eee us is hod over tropical and subtropical Asia and Africa. The Australian 
species are "both endemic. 
Labellum strongly and darkly veined, the middle lobe much broader 

BEEN |. 5. 5. ay he re ee VOR edere 
Labellum finely veined, the middle lobe as long as broad . . . . 2. E. Feud: 

. E. venosa, Reichb. f. in Herb. Lindl, An erect leafless herb, with 

iu habit of Dipoi punctatum, the sheathing scales imbricate at t the 
base of the stem, the upper ones distant, passing into narrow bracts, 
often as long as the pedicel and ovar Flowers several in a terminal 
raceme, whitish with deep red veins. “Sepals E. lanceolate, 6 to 8 
lines long, marked with longitudinal somewhat anastomosing veins, the 
lateral ones attached to the short basal projection of thé column. Petals 
rather shorter and ig almost obovate-oblong. Labellum rather 


us lobe which has besides 3 or more short undulate raised lines or 
la Column half as long as the sepals, the dorsal lobe T the 
sitir rather long and ovate. .— Dipodium venosum, uell. Fragm. i. 61. 
. Australia. Providence Hill and Macadam Rabie: F. Mueller. 
nd. Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; Port Mackay, Nernst. 
ES perc x fies Fragm. viii. 30. Habit Ime dá 
i with 


an obtuse; the vidi 4 Might endi: lines e 
tween the lateral lobes, draped or fringed and deba ipa to about half 
the length of the lo Column not. half so long as the sepals. 


Pollen-masses 2, liie globular. 
Queensland. Mount Dryander, F'itzalan. 


14. DIPODIUM, R. Br. 
(Leopardanthus, Blume; Wailesia, Lindl.) 


Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, spreading. Labellum sessile, 
erect, adnate to the column at its base and then gibbous or produce ed 


De 


Dipodium.| CXX. ORCHIDEX. 301 


into a very short pouch, the lamina 3-lobed, the lateral lobes narrow. 
the middle lobe longer, oblong-ovate or rhomboidal, with a hairy or. 


ranous margin variously sinuate or toothed. Anther lid-like. Pollen- 
masses 2, deeply 2-lobed (or 4 in pee ruri attached to separate 
caudicles "proceeding e. a rather lar — Terrestrial wt - 
leafy stems when present simple with. y orsa: leaves. on 
long leafless scapes or rg erect axillary peduncles, with Abin 
scales imbricate at the base of the scape or peduncle, the upper distant 
ones passing into small bracts. Flowers rather large, ve an spotted. 


Besides the two ap ip oa species which a appe ar mi =k endemic, there are a few from 


New Caledonia , the Eastern Archipelago, and East I 
No vien Scales not numerous, ed imbricate at cer base of 

the scapes eoo e s s n n n 1 D. punctatum. 
Stems rens linear-lanceolate leaves. ^ Peduncles axillary . . . 2. D. enstfolium. 


D. punctatum, R. Br. Prod. 331. A leafless plant with thick 
bro: roots and erect stem attaining with the racemes 1 to 2 ft., the 
sheathing scales few and loosely imbricate and obtuse at the base, dis- 
tant high er up. Flowers rather large, more or less red and usually but 


not always spotted with purple, in a t iy bvr e sometimes ver su 


short sometimes oceupying a third of ee m. Sepal s and petals 


oium 
the sepals, the inner face pubescent. Pollen-masses 2, deeply 2- 
latéral y attached below the subulate ends of the caudicles. cft 00 
. li. 92, t. 127; Bot. Reg. t. Me Py ame f. Beitr. 45; Den- 
drobium punctatum, Sm. Exot. Bot. i. 21, 
N. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 623 M narrow pale coloured sepals and 
petals, ier s not spotted). 
las Brisba ane seal Moreton bay, F. Mueller; Condamine river, Leich- 
ed yoskheniptib, O' Shanesy; Armidale, Perrott; Burdekin river and Mount 
iott, Fi vá 
enim a and Clarence rivers, Beckler ; Macleay river, Fitzgerald; 
New ` s England, c. "Stua 
aes Upper Tarts and Dandenong Range, F. Mueller; Glenelg river, 
in; 
Tasmania. Circular Head, Gunn; Port Soren and Cheshunt, in stony and moist 
Faces irme r growing near Eucalypti, Arc 
Ranges near Mount bn. F Mueller. 
i "mre of the labellum t Leni to be very variable in shape and ex The 
closely allied New Caledonian D.-squamatum differs chiefly in the more keen imbri- 
cate appressed and acute cnin at the base of the stem. 


l. Fragm. v. 42. ms leafy, from a few 


| 2. D. ensifolium, F. Mue 
. inches to rens Ift. Pigh oa the racemes. per distichous, com- 
. Plicate or canaliculate, linear-lanceolate, acute, strongly keeled and 


309 /— CXX; ORCHIDEZ. [Dipodium. 


usually prominently ribbed on each side, 3 to 6 in. long, the pee 
truncate base usually rather long. Racemes vn ys Bi Eye ncle o 


tied" 6 to 8 lines long, the pees SiC aa aonik Ša etals 
' rather cen i and more contracted at the base. Labellum pate A the 


ath 
twice as long, broad ear painaen the disk with 2 Saes. lines 
between the Eai lobes confluent into 1 at bo base of the middle lobe, 
and a dense patch of scaly hairs at the end of it. Column not half the 
length of the pps. ux in front. E a 2-lobed, the 
. 2 caudicles long and nmn 
Queensland. Rockingham E Dallachy. 


attached and sessile or on short iain" or on Ag Pm otomous 
caudicle. ‘Terrestrial herbs, with creeping or id tuberose aceti 
or rarely e Lig het Sepals ind petals nearly Sa] free and spreading. 
Flowers o 


15. CYMBIDIUM, Swartz. 


Sepals and petals nearly equal, e spreading. Labellum sessile, 
free, articulate on the Lor of the column, or very shortly adnate to it, 


concave, entire or 3-lo dinis erect or slightly incurved, semi- 
terete, etimes Sily winged. Anther lid-like, very concave, 
more or less 2-celled. Pollen-masses 2, usually 2-lobed (4 united in 


pairs), sessile on a somewhat triangular i Bus usually epiphy- 
tical. [em often short and slightly swo dien into pseudo j^ 
elongated, keeled, striate. lowers not small, in loose racemes pedun- 
culate in the lower axils, the peduncle often long with sheathing rigid 
gsr at the base. Pesci usually small. 
Ke ud , as at present understood, comprises tropical and subtropical species, both 
of the "T. and of the s Old "World, but chie fg from the latter.. It has not, eb en been 
jec recent revision. The Australian species appear to be all end 

Labellum RSP with 2 longitudinal raised pubescent or pam n 

[oce on the disk . 1. C. canaliculatum. 
La mt lum 3-lo T: without "longitudinal plates. Leaves very long 

and mostly 1 in. broad `. RS /..* 2. C. albuciflorum. 
X bellum undivided without longitudinal plates. «cos he noii Bi C..euave. 


C. canaliculatum, Prod. 331. Leaf-stems or pseudo- 
bulbs usually 2 to 4 in. long. Justin elongated, narrow, heeled; tl chan- 
nelled above, striate, the upper ones often 6 in. to 1 ft. lo ong or even 
more, the lower ones short. Racemes from the wie axils often 


Cymbidium.] CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 303 


long including the peduncle, the sheathing scales at the base rather 
rigid, the bracts small and spreading. Pedicels } to 1 in. long. Sepals 
and petals oblong or lanceolate, 5 to 7 lines long. Labellum rather 
shorter than the sepals, distinctly 3-lobed, the lateral lobes decurrent 
omg the claw, the middle lobe broadly ovate or almost rhomboidal, as 
ong as the lower part, for on the upper surface; the disk eda 
the lateral lobes with 2 longitudinal raised lines or plates slightl poi 
bescent or shortly ocu Dela mn about as long as the lateral lobe 
slightly incurved, with 2 narrow longitudinal ee cM Gen. so 
Sp. Orch. 16 64; Bot. Mag. t. 5851; — f. Beit 
Á str Fitzmaurice river, V; Mue 

ibo y Broad Sound, 2. Brown í Cape York ign Magazine) ; Her- 
bert's Creek, Eps = ; Cape river, Fitzalan ; Burnett, 

H nter's river, A. Cunningham; Richmond river, Fawcett ; also 
in Mitchells and. Leichlard?s collections. 

el per's a ek (F. Mueller), the d not n. 

margins according to th. t. Mag.; yellow, 
Motehed with m hisein t * vf oe the labellum dull white sadi with red. 

2. C. albuciflorum, F. Muell. Fragm. i.188. Stems or pseudobulbs 
often 1 ft. lo ong. Leaves attaining 2 ft. or more and often 1 in. broad, 
keeled underneath, channelled above, and striate. Racemes including 
the peduncle 1 to 2 ft. long, axillary, with "cin scales at their 

^t Bracts small, at length spreading or reflexed. Pedicels rather 

igid, 3 to $ in. long. Sepals iid petals gree niea mac about 5 lines 
eb rather brown outsi e, more obtuse than in C. canalieulatum 

pepak broadly oblong, the petals rather narrower. "Tabellum nearly as 

as the sepals, red at the base, yellowish above, 3-lobed as in 

: canaliculatum but without the longitudinal plates of that species, of a 

rather thicker consistence and not quite so broad. Column with a pro- 

minent angle in front, the apex trunca 


Que Syrup Moreton bay, W. Hil; ficüdéghun bay, Dallachy; Mount Dry- 
S deg F'itsals 


: es 
rather more dense than n C. canaliculatum, the sheathing scales at the 


green blotched w d petals scarcely 5 lines lon 
rather acute. Lh um A ae: ea in C. canaliculatum ape 2 
towards the base, undivided or obscurely sinuate 3- lobed, e di 
tate longitadinal p but fy obe along the centre, Colum 


With 2 narrow w wings. Capsule ovoid-globular, Gui lin 


eb Gen. and Sp. Orch. 164; F. Muell. Fragm. i. 15; j " Beichb. f. f. 
AS. 


Queensland. Moreton. bay, C. Stuart. Some far advanced specimens from 
hampton, 7 ijo D Dallachy, with smaller flowers may belong to the same Medis. 
S. Hu Wei ri ver, Brown; Paramatta, ; ward to 
inn river, Dicküt 3 ; southward to Illawarra, Shepherd. 


304 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [ Spathoglottis. 


16. SPATHOGLOTTIS, Blume. 


Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, aee Labellum articulate 
at the base of the column, concave or saccate at the base, deeply 
8-lobed, the middle lobe contracted at the ba and bearing prominent 
tubercles or calli. Column erect , free, more or less dilated or 2-winged 

wards. Anthers terminal, lid- like, 2-celled. Pollen-masses 8, of 
which 4 usually smaller, waxy, with very short separate caudicles with- 
out any common gland. — Terrestrial herbs with subterranean tuberous 
rhizomes. Leaves usually long, plicate and strongly ribbed. Racemes 
on erect scapes, leafless except sheathing scales. Bracts usually rather 
rge. 


lar 
The 
MIS Tut. €— allied to one ranging over the Archi ipela 


l. Fragm. vi. 95. "Tubers small. _ Leave 


is dispersed over tropical Asia; the only Anstralian species perhaps. 
ago. 


cate sid Jesi ri be ; Scapes cre or aom a short 
raceme of “purple” flowers.  Bracts lanceolate, abou t lin. long; 
KESAN about lin. Sepals and etale about 5 lines long. Labellum 
about as long, very short and concave below the lobes, the lateral lobes 
cami La slightly spathulate and incurved, the middle lobe scarcely 
EA mran, -e or emarginate, contracted much below the 


not much € than the sepals, slightly dilated upwards.—Bletia 
. Le 


Que imi berto bay, Dallach ek near the S. plicata, Blume (S. 
ddkcind, ‘Gri if ), but the flowers are rather smaller, and the shape of the — lobe of 
the labellum different. The few flowers seen were, dove nt in a good st. 


17. PHAIUS. Lour. 


~ Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, spreading. Labellum broad, 
produced into a spur at the base, erect and convolute round the column, 
entire or 3-lobed and more or less spreading at the top. Column semi- 
puces elongated. Anther lid-like. Pollen-masses 8, nearly equal 
or 4 shorte T, waxy, attached to the branches of a dichotomous caudicle, 
but no gla sind. Trj strial herbs, the leafy stems short and thickened 
into pseudobulbs or almost stemless. Leaves large. Scapes radical, 
tall, erect, leafless except sheathing scales imbricate at the base, distant 
on the stem and passing into the bracts. Flow wers large and show 

over tropical and subtropical Of the two Aaii 
species or de Me is the same as an Archi ipdladé obe, one, ‘the other may be endemic, 
but is not sufficie own. - 
Sepals and petals ras inside 8€ TQUE © be el E Hi randifolius. 
Sepals and petals yellow mmda . $2.0 xi x ioi» ernaysi. - 


; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Oreh i do Stems 


. P. grandifoli 
tufted usually thickened jas short pseudobulbs at the base, bearing 2 — 


a 
Y 
v 


M CES 


Phaius.] CXX. ORCHIDEJ. 305 


or 3 oblong or ovate-lanceolate leaves often yxp 1 ft. long, narrowed 
into a long petiole. Scapes radical, 9 to 4 ft. high, bearing a loose 
raceme of large showy flowers. Sepals nid petals broadly lanceolate, 
1i to near 2 in. long, pras utside, cinnamon-brown inside. Labellum 


Mag. t.1994; Phaius australis, F. Muell. F ragm. i 
Muell. Fragm. iv. e P unis F. ‘ual Ph enS ET 19. 
Queensland. More or and island, A. Cunningham, M'Gillivray ; Booking 
ham gà a: A. Cunningham, D allachy ; prs Elliott's island, Burdekin Ex MAAE 
- S. Wales. Macleay river, Fitzgerald; Tweed river, Herb. F. Mueller 


2. P. ornaysli; Ronl. ; Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, 361. me: 
stature foliage and inflorescence of P. grandifolius, from which it is 0 
to be distinguished by the colour of the flower of a pale yellow inde, 
ihe labellum also yellow edged with white. The spur of the labellum 
. appears in the two flowers accompanying the wild specimen to be rather * 
straighter than in the common species, but curved in the cultivated 
plant. Reichenbach refers it to P. Blumei, distinguished by the labellum 
acute not notched in the centre, but this appears to vary much from 
2 to specimen.— P. Blanes var. Bernaysti, Reichb. f. in Bot. Mag. 


Z Moreton bay, Bernays. 


18. CALANTHE, R. Br. 


. Sepals and petals nearly equal, free, spreading, Me lateral sepals 

sometimes shortly adnate to the labellum at the base. Labellum con- 
nate at the base with the column in a sort of cup, u saalis produced into 
a ppor rat the base, the lamina spreading, lobed or undivided, the disk 


t 
Richer" lid-like. Pollen-masses 8, tapering to the base and there 
fixed to a divisible gland — Terrestrial DP saman. or nearly so. 


1 "White or 
he genus di d tropical Asia and the islands of the Pacifie, with one 
E Mexican me. Pago sig eret species extends over the Arinae and ne 
1 East Indian Peninsula. 
1 C. v ratrifolia, Asap in Bot. Reg. under n. 573, ‘Rhizome 
3 sory hber] with fre of 2 or 3 leaves, sometimes forming a very 
. Short ‘stem or pseudobulb at the base. Leaves 1 to 2 ft. long, ovate- 
Bine. plicate undulate and deed ribbed, tapering into a petiole 
which is 8 again dilate ted at the base Scapes us onmi 


306 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [ Calanthe. 


outer leaf, 2 to 4 ft. high, the flowers rather crowded near the summit. 
Pedicels spreading, 4 to lin. long, recurved after flowering. Sepals 
and petals white, obovate-oblong, gently 5 lines long, the petals usually 
broader and more contracted at the base than the sepals. dabe um 
much longer, the spur cn hes n.long and usually pubescent, the 
imina rn lobe d with the middle lobe deeply bifid, the 4 lobes SUME 
and sometimes nearly equal, ee variable in breadth as well as in the 
M. pd. to which they are divided, the callosities of the disk 
ellow. Capsule obovoid-ob Am ADM li in. long. —Bot. Reg. t. 720; 
ot. Mag. t. 2615. 
iconsland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy; Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. 


Hastings Dye. PENA ; Richmond river, Henderson; Tweed 
sive Guilpoples Wc arra, A. Cun 
Th tralian specimens, pen uting the australis, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 
Ciitho, Bor 8, foren generally to have the lobes of the labellum rather broader than 
In 


TRIBE 4. AneTHusex.—Anther lid-like, incumbent, usually deci- 
dk "Pollen granular or mealy. Terres trial or rarely epiphytes. 
Stems in the Australian genera or sections leafless at the time of 
flowering. 

19. GALEOLA, Lour. 
(Erythrorchis, Blume; Ledgeria, F. Muell.) 
a a ar pow aey — in length, didum or open, 
dors 
incurved round. "the eu n p lateral lobes f> ti short and erect or 


with 2 raised longitudinal lines 


Anth like, incumbent, with a broad flat or convex dorsal appen- 
dage, 2-celled. Pollen granular-farinaéeous or almost waxy, in ly 
2-lobed distinct masses, without any caudicle or gland.—Leafless epi- 


ed 
& 
© 
3: 


owers in terminal usually pendulous panicles. | 
the branches and panicles small or large, but always concave and half- . 
stem-clasping 1 


Besides the Australian species, one of which is closely allied to a Javanese one; the pr 
re bes or three others from East India, the Archipelago, and ue obi m New Cale- 

genus appears to have been quite corredtty. referre d by chenbach Li 

tho ulscla of Loureiro, and I should also concur,in the retention nt Cyrtosia, Bl., a8 — 

istinct. 


Bracts scarcely lin. long. Labellum pubescent inside betwee 
the raised lines which end in a transverse callus. Pollen at g 
s . 1. Q. cassythoides. 
Bracts 1102 in. . long. Labellum glabrous Between the raised 
lines which converge into one, we lamina on each side — : 
with diverging lines fringed with small pene hairs, . 2. G. foliata... 


Galeola.] CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 307 


to the stems of tree throwing out adventitious rootlets at the nodes 
pci the bracts, eee in long pendulous panicles. Flowe 
a brownish or go ellow, in short racemes or branches of th 


panicle, quite glabrous - en Bracts at the base of the pedicels 
and branches ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1 to 2 lines jong and those of the 
flowerless stems scarcely 3 lines, Pedicels and ova ary 3 to 4 lines. Sepals 
5 to 6 lines long, oblong-lanceolate, the dorsal one incurved, the lateral 
ones slightly fale ate; petals as long as the sepals but linear. Labellum 
white with transverse coloured bands, scarcely so lon pals, 

sessile, very broad, erect, concave, " almost convolute, pon! 3- 
lobed, "the baci jd lobes or obtuse angles short, erect and e e, the 
middle lobe very short and broad, spreading, Sulat crie po of 
the erect part with 2 raised longitudinal A eddie by a broad 


consistence mpl as waxy as in Dendrobium.— Dend 
. Cunn. in Lindl. Bot. Reg. under n. 1828 ; praia RN F. Muell 
Fragm. i. 239, ii. 167; Erythrorchis aphylla, F. Muell. F ragm. ii. 167. 


- Queensland. Moreton v F, Muell 


N. S. Wales. Hastings n Moke, Beckler ; New England, C. du! 
 & The species is very closel the Javanese G: altissima, which, judging 
Eom Mae's e's figu mul decr —- (onde Erythroreli has the same pollen; but 
nee specimens, to be sufficient differences in the flowers to 
E big distinct s ; Well pmi e Caroi not as species. I have only seen the 
ses in one flower, e they were certainly very much like those of a 
hey are distinctly feeribig. as waxy by F. Mueller, and by Blume in 

ips as “ solidiuscula 


consistence of bracts rather than of true leaves. Sepals and pe 
. long, the petals much narrower than the. sepals. 
roadly obovate, more contracted at the base than in G. cassy-, 


| w, f dong wading) 3 diverging on the lamina. Anthers with the broad 
^ppendage of G. cassythoides but flatter, and. the e med 


308 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [Galeola. — 


gm anular, in two masses deeply divided into somewhat distant oblon 
bes, giving the mass somewhat of a horseshoe shape. Capsule 7 we 
ttn long. Seed cce —Ledgeria foliata, or Erythrorchis foliata, F 
Muell. Fragm. ii. 167. 
Tg eensland. Pine river, Fitzalan; Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 
. S. Wales. Clarence river, C. Moore (in fruit 
This fine species has S z pollen figured by J. D. Hooker in the Cyrtosia 
CErythrorchis) Liündleyana, Ul. Himal. Pl. t. 22, and A different wm that of G. 
cassythoides; but AN R ng this apparen y i important differen wu d e ae 
species, which would hee hnically place them in different huc of the A r, it is difficu 
not to regard them as congeners, especially as both appear to have the Muss 
winged seeds, and probably the same remarkable habit. 


20. EPIPOGUM, Gmel. 


coral- 
nding or erect, with a few scarious scales, not green. Flowers 
Rat o (or aa pink Di in a terminal raceme usually nodding or 


pen 1 
- apes very few species scattered in few individuals over a ee part of the 
Old World. The only Australian one is also in adiuti) Asia and Afric 
. E. nutans, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 177. Stem ascending, 
ke a thick rhizome, 6 to 9 in. high, with 2 or n mpty scarious bracts 
besides those which subtend the pedicels, all pate anopin, acute, 9 
or 4 lines long. Flowers white, on short pedicels in a raceme occupying 
the greater part of the plant. “Dorsal sepal and petals inndeolate nearly 
Labellum 


Sess: d base enclosing the column, as long as the sepals, 

broadly ovate and very concave, entire, the spur about 1 line long, the 

obscure rows of papille along the centre. Appen at 

the end of the anther as e as the anther itself.— Galera nutans, 

Blume, Bijdr 415, Coll. Orchid. t. 52, 54E; Podanthera pallida, Wight 
Ie. t. oh at hace much al petit in all its parts than the Austra jan | 
imen); E. Guilfoylii, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 30 : 


aD re Wales. Tweed river, Guilfoyle, the specimens agreein precisely with 
e of thos India Baber the pela appears to be wide [Y scattered, asit 
hak also end fondi in tropical Afri Ww 


2]. GASTRODIA, R. Br. 


Gastrodia.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 309 


base of the column.—Herbs parasitical on roots, leafless and not green. 
Scapes simple, erect, with short loosely sheathing scales. Flowers 
white, in a terminal raceme. | 

Besides the Australian species which is endemic, there is one in New Zealand; and 


na from the Indian Archipelago and East India have been recently associated 
with it. 


j . Ico- 
nogr. t. 5; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 384; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 31, 
E 126 (the stigmatic protuberance overlooked by the artist); Reichb. f. 
itr. 44, | 


Queensland. Moreton ba , W. Hill. : i 
N. S. Wales. Port J aned to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, A, Cunningham, 
and others, * Dry rocky situations and sandy forest grounds," A. Cunningham. 
| . Victoria. Mountains of Upper Barwan, Apollo bay, M‘Alister river, top of Mount 
William, F. Mueller. ; 
: asmania. Not uncommon in dense humid forests, J. D. Hooker. 


99. POGONIA, Juss. 


The genus is a widel -spread one, having been originally foun 
Species. The section X 7 : 
dim "a à; the Archipelago; the 
Over tropical Asia and the Mascarene islands as well as those of the Archipelago; 


310 CXX: ORCHIDER. [.Pogonia. 


opel frm or section Vegeta, with leafy flowering stems, is North American, with 


UNO u 


the middle i lobe paries at the base, the disk pápillose -o ridad. uniflora. 

owers 2 to 6 in the raceme, 7 to 8 lines long. Labellum shortly 

18-Jobed, the middle lobe broad at the base, the disk bearded .. 2. P. holochila. 
Flowers 2 or 3 in the raceme, nearly 1 in. long. , Labellum "we 

entire, broadly obovate, the disk smooth . . . . EXPE M Dallachyana. 


F. Muell. Fragm. . 201. Flowering stem ve 


what broader or MAE Tane est Labellum nearly as long as the 
sepals, 3-lobed, the lateral Tobes a triangular and obtuse,- .the 
middle lobe at least as lon , ovate-oblong, obtuse, much contracted at 
the base; disk with a papi lose line, narrow and double at the base, ex- 
panded u upwards and extending partially on to the Bonis lobe. Column 
very slender at E; base, broadly 2-winged upwar 

. Queensland. df uen bay, Dallachy. 


ies F. Muell. Fragm. v. 200. Flowering $ stem 


the sepal 
broadly ovate, shortly sinuate-3- lobed, the lateral lobes broadly rounded, 


the middle one smaller, rather broader than long; disk with a bearded 


line extending to halfway along the middle uM Column slender, 
very shortly winged at e apex. 
ueensland. am bay, Dallachy.—With a very few specimens are 80 


Rockin 4 
of the young leaf- € ih the leaf as yet mity developed to judge of its m 


E 


but apparently co: 
3. P. "memet F. Muell. Herb, Stems about 6 in. high, with 


2 or 3 long loose sheathing scales. Flowers 2 or 3, on short pedicels : 


crowded at the end of the stem.  Bracts linear. "Sepals sa said to 


reddish, nearly 1 in. ae narrow- lanceolate, Rx the petals 1 
rather shorter and narrower. Labellum about long, broadly |. 


obovate, quite entire, contracted and embracing de ae n at its base; 


the disk without any raised papage or [ER lines. Column 3 to i 1 


lines long, dilated and winged at t 
Queensland. Rockingham jur ju 


TRIBE 5. NeoTTIEX.—Anther erect or bent forward, persistent but — 
free küni the postali sessile or stipitate. Pollen granular or mealy, | 


TERASS ENE ORE S ET e el bh 


3 


P yo : OXX. ORCHIDEÆ. 311 


lor 2 masses in each cell, with or without ? caudicle. Terrestrial 
ehs with simple — (excep t Corymbis) bearing = or more leaves or 
rarely leafless, and a simple spike raceme or roule 

the ch CHAT given ot the following genera I have rarely m d the number of 
pun "aeui Eu -- pollen- Cp DIS for the cohesion is brink i so slight that, in 
where I thes been sh A abas perro cesi S E oe Qu TI: 


23. CORYMBIS, Thou. 
(Corymborchis, Thou.) T 


Sepals and petals cma equal, linear and dilated above the middle, 
all spreading or the orsal one more erect. Labellum about as long, 


r, in 2m 
terrestrial herbs, with a fibrous rhizome. 
eaves large, stron ly ribbed. Flowers in short — somewhat 


. The genus extends oid ropical Asia and Africa, and appears also to be re Hots esented 
yam The Australian species extends over the Indian oy and perhaps 


The imi column in this genus is said to elongate on the itt 

Of this the dried specimens shew Rot Ihaven eoa seen the co doe a Uis T 
ger than the petals of the sa. aes [s or variety. Possibly | dir n dari dos have 

in some error derived from the comparison 

Mauritins s pation with ts cr iota of other species. 


1 ratrifolia, Reichb. f. in Flora 1865, 184. Stems erect or 
somewhat pian attaining 3 Š to 10 ft. Leaves distichous, oblong- 


u me ering ng as 
gated afterwards, persisting on the oblong capsule 


5 
after the sepals and peta tals have fallen. — Corymborchis venateijolio, 
Blume, fc 195, L vi 3. 

Queeen am AM Dallachy.—Certainly the er species as the 
me gathered b by "Cuminjel in iw Philippine inden which appears to extend over the 


: Indian. Archipelago, and even to be identical with one gathered by Frita Ms "Muell ient St. 
car 8 in Bravil, but well —— by Blume from Thouars’ o 
— species, which eiiis above 2 in. longe 


312 ` CXX. ORCHIDER, [Ramphidia. 


24. RAMPHIDIA, Lindl. 


Mr leafy stem. Flow wers small, in a slender terminal poin 


he genus is spread over East ise and the idees Sta the only putes species 
having Snak the range of the g 


1. R. tenuis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. i. 189. Stems ascending to 
from 6 in. to 1 ft. Leaves on "Peur petioles, dilated at the base into 
a broad loose scarious sheath of , the lamina elliptic-oblong to 

1} to 3 in. long, pA pent 2 or 3 Ex empty 
sheathing-bracts above the leaves. Flowers very small, senos 
B or 4 in., the bracts almost subulate, the ae a as enu 


the lateral sepals, saili oblong, very concave, very obt tuse, the mar- 
gins and end inflexed, entire or ed crisped. Anther and rostellum 
about equal in rie dede and half as ed as the labellum. 

Queensland. Mackay and Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—lhe s pecimens 
et precisely P ie one op ARNa dede by ds i the Philippine 


25. GOODYERA, R. Br. 


Dorsal sepal and petals erect connivent and often connate ; lateral 
sepals as long, spreading. Labellum sessile, igh lie op the column 
and sometimes adnate to it at the base, concave or almost saccate, aie 


or divided into two lobes. Anthers erect. Pollen-masses granula j 
attached to long caudicles.—Terrestrial herbs, with a creeping rhizome 
and weak ascendin leafy stems. Flowers in ’ terminal spikes, loose in 
the AUS species, dense and one-sided in the typical northern 
ones. 


The genus is po distributed over the ieipiodl and temperate r pae of the Old 
World. Ofthe two Australian ib etin one appears identical with an Asiatic one, the 
other, as far as Ai is endemic 
Rostellum divided into 2 long is lobes oe. appendages at HT 
the bere. Sepals and petals 3 to 4 line 4 1. G. viridiflora. 
anceolate, undivided, with a fer ike appendage on : 
each side » the base, Sepals and petals 14 lines long. ia. polygonoides. 


Goodyera. | CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 318 
G. viridiflora, Blume, Orchid. 41, 9 C. Stems ascending from 


i in to 1 ft. Leaves on rather long doi dilated at the base into a 
oose scarious sheath, the lamina: ovate-lanceo ate or ovate-oblong, 


o 3in. long; and usually 2 or 3:empty scarious bracts above the 
sss — rather distant, in a spike i , the bracts 

ranous, subulate-acumina as as os ovary. 
Dorsal ivi and petals 3 to 4 lines long, the ab pin d more 


cave, rather copiously fringed inside with short cilia near the base. 
m e 


ong acuminate anther, stigma pouch-like, almost truncate. -— Neottia 
viridiflora, Blume Bijdr. 408; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. il Georchis 
cordata, Tunt Gen. and Sp. ‘Orch. 496 ; Georohis viridiflora, F. Muell. 
C quM viii. 99. 


dint; ‘ 1 repens Gs ras 
identified the specimens with the G. Aceh Lindl., en Sikkim, which only differs 
z the leaves being rather more cordate at the ben and it also a es to be identical 


2. G. bip deg al F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 99. piema from a creep- 
aceme. Leaves 


ing rhizome ascending, about 8 in. long includi 

Erst above the nog scarious sheath, pd a eg 1} to 3 in. 
ong. se loose, the flo mall on ovary attenuate up- 
wards. Bracts lanceolate, about as long as "On ovary. Sepals and 


v 
petals about 14 lines long, TOR or ovate-lanceolate, the sepals acute 
al. L abellum not very 


lanceolate, undivided, with an almost au -like pend e on each side 
at nad base on the margin of the membrane connecting the stigma and 


Seems nsland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy.—A si single specimen in Herb. F. Mueller. 
> "soe of the a d is that of Bhomboda, Mut the gla pu or crest. jo appen- 
eri 


: dagos a t the bas the rostellum those of some species etæria (Eteria or 
d Blume ; ; n the ecc, pz Je the. mine uera 28 es of those two 
genera. Neither n these technical characters "a 


the typical Good; Sos but pro bei ably a general revisi n good oe woul 
| quire the extension of the genus even beyond the limits proposed by Blu 


96. SPIRANTHES, Rich. 


= Dorsal sepal and petals erect, connivent or slightly coherent in an 
Upper lip or galea, or the ends alone spreading. Lateral sepals free and 
more spreading, all nearly equal. Labellum sessile or nearly so 

Vitis the column by its broad base, undivided, often dilated at the 


314 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Spiranthes. 


Flowers small, spirally arranged in a terminal spike. Stems leafy, or 
sometimes at the time of flowering with sheathing scales only. 
A considerable genus generally diffused over the temperate and tropical regions of 


the globe; the ouly Australian species has a wide range over Asia and a part of 
rope, 


1. 
a cluster of thick fibres or oblong tubers. Stem glabrous below the in- 


mg 
iis dilated near the base but not saccate. Labellum as lon 
8 


late crisped or almost fringed lamina. Anther scarcely acuminate but 

much longer than the rostellum.—Wight Ic. t. 1724; Hook. f. FI. 

oy ii. 15; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 476; Neottia australis, R. Br. 
rod. 319. ; 


Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. Mueller; Armidale, Riley. 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, Woolls; Blue Moun- 
tains, Miss Atkinson; New England, C. Stuart; Macleay river, Fitzgerald, Clarence 
river, Beckler; Richmon river, Fawcett, but in most places said to be very rare, d 

ictoria. Mitta-Mitta, Broadribb and Snowy rivers and Lake Omeo, F. Mueller ; 
Portland, Crouch. : 

Tasmania. Circular Head, Gunn ; Cheshunt, Archer ; Swanport, Story. 

The species is also in New Zealand and in a great part of tropical and temperate 
Asia, extending to some parts of E D 
B 


27. CALOCHILUS, R. Br. 


Dorsal 
broadly lanceolate, spreading ; petals much shorter, broadly falcate. 
Labellum as long or longer, undivided, contracted at the base, uet 
1 rmi 


tubers. Leaf usually solitary, long and narrow, but usuall 


8 T 
erect almost leaf-like sheathing bracts on the stem. Flowers few in 9 


3 


ax E ac Mfr 


^ 
1 


Calochilus. | CXX. ORCHIDER. 315 


terminal raceme, ate or yellowish, with more or less of purple espe- 
cially the labellum 


The genus is limited to Australia. In the column it is nearly allied to Thelymitras 
but differs widely in the M nth. 
we dente Column-wing quite open in front, with a Pu 
side within ira anterior angles or lobes . 1. C. campestris. 
Aster Mir rostrate. Column-wing aal y with a ‘gland on 
y side as in C. campestris, and open in fro t, but connected E 
y à transverse raised line across the base je i = ellum . . 2. C. Robertsoni. 
Andi very obtuse, Column-wing without any gland, o open in 
ront. Labellum with 2 short MP pa inramarginal e erect 


es or auricles near the base . . : ; 3. C. paludosus. 
F. Mueller r to sy nak : ph? wis S pei 
the name of Ls "Rugs j a 
C. campestris, R. Br. Prod. 820. Stem usually rather stout, 
ie: under 1 ft. to in o 14 ft. high, with = rather long leaf and 3 to 
flowers, but sometimes with the Tmbit o C. paludosus. Sepals in iie 
typical form 4 to 5 lines long, the petals much shorter. Labellum } in. 
or more, obovate or “obovate-o oblong, the margins and surface 
covered with long purple fringes except near t where (i 
ame typical form) there is a raised plate or thickened :surface quite 
smooth and extending more or less along the centre of the ow part 
of the labellum, and the end is produced into a linear or lane 
smooth often flexuose point varying muc olumn-win 


an 4 
rostrate upwards.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 459; Bot. Mag. t. 3187 
Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 15, t. 106 A; Reichb. f. Beitr. 21; C. herbaceus 
Lindl. l.c. : 
Capea Shoalwater bay, R. Brown (belonging probably to the var. grandi- 
a). 

.N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown n, Woolls. TS 

atthe tay a ky Ca s Woo Inorth, Lira — Sorell, Archer; Huon river, 
odia wey vend Mi igan; ; Southport, C. Stua 

iflora. Flowers 1 to 3, aedi = nin nde common form, and altogether 
e m 


r^ Fd 


2. C. Robertsoni, Benth. A stout species, with the habit of the 

arger specimens of C. a but the leaf usually.broader. Sepals 
acuminate, fully }in. long in the specimens seen; petals also acuminate, 
more than half as peas abellum fringed all over, the terminal smooth 
point short. Column-wings with a more or less distinct gland on quem 
side in front as in C. campestris, but the i wings connected at the 


316 CXX. ORCHIDEJX. [ Calochilus. 


base by a transverse raised plate across the base of the labellum, of 
which T see no trace in the two other species. Anther shortly and ob- 
tusely rostrate. 

Victoria. Heaths on Glenelg river, Robertson; Mount M'Ivor, Herb. F. Mueller ; 
Bendigo, Oldfield; and probably a specimen from Dandenong, F. Mueller, with the 
flower too far advanced for examination. 

3. C. paludosus, R. Br. Prod. 320. Usually more slender than 
C. campestris, with a long leaf and only 2 or 3 rarely 4 flowers, often 


long; petals not half so long, strongly veined. Labellum covered wit 
the long fringes or cilia, shorter and much crowded towards the base, 
sho i 


neither acuminate not rostrate.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 459; Endl. 
Iconogr. t. 14; Reichb. f. Beitr. 22. 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, A. Brown, Woolls; Hunter’s river, R. Brown; 
Blue Mountains, Miss Atkinson. 


28. THELYMITRA, Forst. 


rather short, very broadly winged, the wings either reaching to 
the base of the anther with an erect usually thick entire lateral lobe 
or appendage on each side of it, or dilated at the end and united 


where they are united and sometimes are produced into a short tooth 


nective produced into a broad appendage sometimes elongated and 
entire or pruy bifid; pollen-masses granular, withou 
very small caudi 


One of the Australian species extends over New Zealand, New Caledonia, and the 


to New 
land; the genus is otherwise endemic in Australia. It is remarkable for the labellum 
perfectly resembling and taking its place as one of the petals, and quite detached from 
the column, from which it is separated by the annular base of the wing. 


Thelymitra.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 317 


Cucullaria.— Column-wing produced behind and beyond the anther into 
a ot Hie. over it, rino lobed or fringed at the t 
Hood with the 2 weien lateral lobes penicillate RA a tuft 
of cilia). Flowers blue, pur ple or white i 
Hood wit Kia, DEN P or Dcum anes between the peni- 
cillate ones and shorter than the 


Middle lobe of the hood crested on the LOI ANN UL M Z T. ixioides. 
Middle lobe of the hood smooth on the back . . T. canaliculata. 
Hood with 1 entire or bifid lobe between the penicillate ones, 


usually longer than them, broad and concave. 
Hood E crested on the back. Leaf very broadly lan 
. T. crinita. 
Hood piii on the back. Leaf linear or linear-lanceolate. - 
Tall robust plant. Leaves usually rather broad. Middle 
d Hu pige ricis a 4. T. aristata. 
Plant usually slender, with narrow leaves. Middle 


e hoo " — notched and entire 5. T. longifolia. 
|... Hood with the 2 reme ots teral lobes cristate, but "without tufts ^ 
; of cili ja yellow, often spotted with purp 
| Leaf villous, broad iddle lobe of the hood M od oe cris 
1 tate at the end, and a transverse crest inside at the 6. T. villosa. 
i Leaf glabrous, diy Middle lobe of the hood 3- ‘fid with ut fant 
i the internal crest 7. T. tigrina. 
E deeply ringed with linear lobes, with a ch a ‘lub-shaped appen- 
age on 
Dorsal sppendage of the hood crested at "m end. Perianth- 
- _ Segments narrow-lanceolate 8. T. stellata. 
Fonal appendage of the bond: d tnbéfoular or notohed at f 
end. Perianth Me eda EE lanceolate 9. -1 ar 


Macdonaldia.— Column-wing broadly pie behind the ant. 
much s shorter e it, and not hood-shaped. Slender flexuose herbs, with the habit of of 
antenni 


i Two e "ei Tia hes of the ies column-wing prominent 


and denticulate e or fringed. Flowers pink 10. T. carnea. 
Column-wing broad dly truncate, slightly. sinuate, but the lobes 
scarcely prominent. Flowers yell . T. flexuosa. 


Sr Bia —Column-wing not produced behind the anther, but with 2 
prominent ed ira bes as long as or longer than the anther, and often connected 
t beh 


by a short 


Habit of nk carnea ds or Lateral lobes of the wea 


long, erect, "y. uA thulate 2. T. antennifera. 
Habit nearly of T. ca Flowers deep-coloured (purple or red Di ' 
Latera Tobes of ve: t rid oblong, erect, curved, denticulate, 
not spathulate. jm 
_ Leaf-sheaths glabrousa:; jcaic 262 ehh anaes d4.: 7. Macmillani. 
Leaf-sheaths pubescent . ses os o . 14 Rri 0 
Habit of T. izioù 


ioides. Flowers blue 
pos lobes of the an. lon nger t than the anther, involute . 15. T. venosa. 
Lateral lobes of the column not dag mee anther, sig or 

lanceolate, convolute or thickened . . . 16. T. cyanea. 


Secr. 1. Cucuntaria.—Column- -wing roduced behind and beyond 
the author into a broad hood over it, various 5 lobed or ux. at the i 


., l. T. ixioides, Sw. in K. Ahad. Stockh. Handl. 1800, 998, t. 3 L, a 
în Schrad, Neu. Journ. 08, t. 1 L. Stem ically en 1 f. "high, with 1 1 


318 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Thelymitra. 


~ the var. a of T. 
folia. Sepals petals and labellum elliptical-oblong, 9 to 10 lines long in 
the common Port Jackson variety, smaller in others especially the 

oad wing e 


incurved point much longer than the rostellum.—Sm. Exot. Bot. i 9, 
. 205. Re Be. i 314; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Hinh. vis 22.5 ped f PL 
Tasm. ii. 6, t. 103 B; Reichb. f. Beitr. 7; 7. , and 


2 juneifulia, Lindl le.; T. lilacina, F. Muell., Tenis d by E in 
Linnea xxvi. 242 to 7. vana gs 


— Archer's 
ales. Port ppg R. Brown, Sieb oe = Wools, and others; New 
k Maa 


- Gipps Land, Walter; near Brighton, seca F. Mueller. 
Lees Abundant throughout the Qoia J. D. Ho oker, and others. 
alia. Swan r A" mmond, Maxwell; Upper Kalgan river, Monje- 
rup Meg: wd F. M e Maxwell and Peronjerup ranges, Oldfield. 


i 
t possibly on the living plant characters ieee te found to connect them 
rather with T canaliculata than with T. ixioides. SS certainly include T. cam, 
nulata, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 49, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 


2. "T. canaliculata, R. Br. Prod. 314. Seep and few — small 
flowers of the «ern. narrow-leaved forms of 7. iaioides, and the floral 
characters the same except that the vène "be of the column-hood is 
broader, more external, and though much er pie has no dorsal 

rest.—Lindl. Gen . and Sp. Orch. 522; Reichb, £. Beitr. 7. i; 


ing George's , Soun 
station is given in nthe Prodromus as (T) by some mistake, probably typographical. The 
speci Herb. Brown and Aue win George's Sound. T. 


ame oie which further suia e of the fresh plant may prove to be a variety 
a yo 
a, R. Br. Prod. s14, eic, i. Beitr. 7, 7, from Port Jackson, R. Brown, with 


as some T like 7t canali 
distinguished from the Arii ye ie: want of en; crest on the back of the central lobe 
of the column-hood, and this crest-is not-figured in the plate of T. ixioides in Fl. Tasm. 
I have not been able to examine Brown's s imens of T. media, but in all those resem- 
bling it both fim Port Sadaka and his Bene asmania I have uniformly found the 


syo epipactoides, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 174, from Port Philip, which I have not seen, 
would appear from the character given to be a broàd- leaved "s of T. ù or of 
E canaliculata. 


Thelymitra.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 319 


T. campanulata, En dl. in Pl. Eje, ii. 14, which I have not seen, is. referred by 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 55, to T. canalicu 


crinita, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 49, . and Sp. Orch, 521. 

-- above 1 ft. high, the leaf Rete or very broadly lan- 
ceolate, 13 to 3 i ng. eme loose, — rather large blue 
wers. Sepals and petals varying to 2 in., usually obtuse. 
Column-wing produced behind and beyond the anther into a broad 
hood, the 2 extreme lateral lobes as in 7. nt forward and 
penicillate but shorter than the centre, eaa is bebadiy: 9-lobed as in 
that species but very densely cristate on ack with shortly linear 
uy or calli.—Exndl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 14; 7 ovata, F. Muell. Fragm. 


W. Aus .- Swan river, Drummond, 1 , Preiss, n. 2194; Vasse, Gordon, 
and iy iris x King George's bt F. Mue ller ; Lake Mae Muir. 
F. Mueller appears to have — ed his T. ovata from the colour of the tuft of 
ciliæ on the lateral gru of the col dur violet instead of white, which, however, 
appears to be a very inconstant fem 


aristata, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 521: Usually tall and leafy, 

lie ee leaf linear-lanceolate, rather broad and sometimes very long, 

and two of the empty sheathing bracts long and loose with leafy points. 

E several, like those of the Y iuh forms of T. ixioides and " . longi- 
Co 


F. Muell. ; T. angustifolia, asm. n 5, not of R. Br. 
Victoria. Wendu vale, ion ot Adamson ; Darebin Creek, F. 


e me 
mania. Circular Head, & 1 Gunn; South Huon river, Oldfield; Southport, 
€ WARE Rocky Cape, Eoi arbour, Milligan 
S. Australia. Mount Gambier, Rivoli og Bogle ranges, pics 
ustralia. Evian river, Drummond, 1s coll.; Kal lfeld; be- 
en Esperance bay and Russell Range, Dempster. These se iras specimens which 
darti the T. macrophylla, Lindl. Swan. Riv. App. 49; Gen. and Sp. Orc 
Seem = connect cw species with the typical T. as lia, according to Reichb. 
Beitr. Preise’s n. 2187, referred by Endl. i nem Preiss. ii. 14, to hi lla, 
is not " be distinguished from T. erinita. 
5. T. longifolia, Forst. Char. Gen. 98, t. 49. Stature and dye 
„Varying more even than that of T. irioides. "What we may consider 
the d form is rather tall, with a long narrow leaf and a raceme of 
rather large flowers nearly represented by T. nuda and 7. 


ata, but none of these in the dried sta well ‘be d into 
distinct varieties, and none of them show any dienen in the periant 
from e colour variously ue, lilac or 


o pink, epo re produced behind and over the ics into a broa 


* 


E CXX: ORCHIDER. : [ Thelymitra. 


hood, usually conspicuous for its dark colour, the 2 extreme lateral 
lobes — ate as in T. iaioides, but bent forward and shorter than the 
broad which is entire donde or shortly 2-lobed with the 
margin NU and smooth.— 7. Forsteri, Sw. in K. Akad. Sto ckh. Handl. 
1800, oy and in Schrad. N. Journ. i. 57; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 


520; T. nuda, R. Br. Prod. 314, Lindl. Lies Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. v. 


t. 103 A; "Reichb. f. Beitr. 8; T. pauciflora, R. Br. l.c. Reichb. f. l.c. ; 
T. arenaria and T. — Lindl. le. 519, 590; T. graminea, Lindl. 
Swan Riv. App. 49, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 591. 
veneni m Endeavour river, Banks and Solauder; Port Bowen, R. Brown 
Archers station, Moreton bay, Leichhardt ; Piokidohini bay, Dallachy ; Atia 
iti 


n. 
Brown, Woolls; New England, C. Stuart 
Victoria. Wendu Vale, Robertson; and numerous stations kr Melbourne to the 
uev M dg ite and the Murrumbidgee, F. Mueller, and oth 
Port Dalrymple, 2. Brown; abundant i ddugbént a Colony, J. D. 
Hooker, eri sda others. 
. Australia. Mountains around St.Vincent’s Gulf, F. Mueller, Behr ; Spencer's 
Galt, ur ucl er. 
tralia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. ; enge vine 


id is some confusion about Brown's T. angustifolia and T. canaliculata, owing to 
having in the first instance given the former nani met plant he after- 
wards published as T. canaliculata, and in r ifolia is marked (J) 
T Ja and T. canaliculata (T) for tropical Australia ; whi is herbarium 
shows that it is T. angustifolia that ought to have been marke nd T. canaliculata 
m King George's ld have been P en sp 
[Do ifolia have the central Awa sometimes slightly denticulate, 
showing an approac this respect to T. a, but n all i ; 
the other hand, some of the New England aiy AEE specimens of T. longifolia 
have the lamen erty nearly of T. aristata, spe * at all the column-hood. A few spe- 
cimens from n ing George's heme F.M , and a very few from other localities, 


have the contral lobe of the column-hood wir diainotly 2-lobed, but are not other- 
wise differen 


mes in a loose raceme. Sepals and P acute, usually nearly 
1 in. lon deuda pro osd behind n the anther into 


aa F Beir F. Mu ell. Fr ragm.- v. 94. 
Swa r, Drummond, 1st coll. ; my Range, F. Mueller ; 
Pere p» 4 Knights ; pum to | sd bay and C ape Le Grand, Maz well. 
. T. tigrina, R. Br. Prod. 915. Stems slender, attaining about 
1 ‘i the leaf very narrow idr channeled Flowers small, 2 to 4 in the 
raceme ‘‘ yellow and spotted.” Sepals and petals abii B lings long. 
. Column-wing broad, produced behind and beyond the anther, the ex- 


POUR 


CENSENT ASI 


EPOR ee a ee ee 


Thelymitra. | CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 321 


treme lateral lobes oblong, densely papillose- er but not with the - 
white cilia of the penicillate species, the three middle lobes broader, 
shorter, fringed with similar papill or calli. B FF Gen. and Sp. Orch. 
ype 


z W. Australia. King George's Sound, R. Ji Swan river, Drummond, 3rd 
coll. n. 308 


Mond ge. 
W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. 


9. T. gent lutea, R. Br. Pr e^ 915. A stout glabrous species of 
1 to 13 ft., rarely ine and more sle pen ogee ovate- — or 
oblong- lanceolate shortly wena 2 to ong. Raceme of few 
rather large flowers epals and petals diy oblong-laneeolate, 
acute or shortly acuminate, usually ab in. "3n or rather more, 
yellow with dark brown spots. Cotati) seal y short bolos the 

ther, the wing produced behind and beyond the anther into a broad 
hood nearly 3 lines lon deeply cut into a fringe of long linear lobes, 

ale d on the back in a centre, and with a dorsal 


^H Ds Onkaparinga, F. Mueller. 
W. Australia. Kin ^ ix Sound, R. Brown; Swan river, Drummond, 1st 
coll. ; i Vasse eh ow eg. 


e front vi dew it must ha en thick d cl eid ; in the finished vitis 
E. int tish it is represented as flatter more deeply 2-lobed and 
denticulate, Reichenbach f. therefore, thinking that Drummond’s pl cribed 55 
Lindley, in which the a age is entire, must be ging distinct, has, Beitr ie 
Characterized it as new under the name of enthamiana. Brown’s own s 
has the un - far de "add for examination, em ien from c Papin. King, labelled ty 
Brown as T. fusco-lutea, appears to me without doubt to be the 


finishe 
Sect. 2. MACDONALDIA. —Column-wing broadly [e behind 
p.38 


plant. Probably the dorsal appendage is variable and its shape figa in aac 
drawing. 


_ ihe aka ‘but much shorter than it, and not hood-sh 


arnea, R. Br. Prod. 314. Stem slender, often flexuose, from 


10. Tc 
2 seal d E to near 1 ft. high, with 1 to 3 pink flowers, the zs narrow- 


$822 CXX, ORCHIDER. [ Thelymitra. 


‘the wings very broadly t pai cate and connected behind the anther but 
shorter than it, the 2 bitene lateral lobes short broad and ee oe 
the intermediate 2 lobes very broad and scarcely prominent. Ant 
connective produced beyond the cells, but broad and obtuse. pes 
Bai and Sp. Orch. 519; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 5, t. 102 B; Reichb. f. 
9. 


N.S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Woolls. 

Victoria. Wendu Va le, Robertson ; Port Phi illip, C. French. 

Tasmania. Hobarton, ‘Gunn; Georgeto own and Cheshunt, Archer; Southport, 
C. Stuart. 

S. Australia. Lofty Range, F. Mueller. 

11. T. flexuosa, Endl. I Stirp. Dec. 93. Stems slender but usually 
wiry and aoe 6 to n. high. Leaf narrow-linear, rather thick, 
and the t bracts sometimes leaf-like. Flowers l or 2, yellow, 


a 
in front a loose cup nearly 4 line long, the sides broad and rounde 
almost into lateral lobes. Anther produced into a broad thick pubes- 
cent appen ager: Maidenia Smithiana, Gunn, and M. concolor, Lindl. 
Swan Riv. App. 50, t. 9 B, Gen. and xo n Orch. 985; Endl. in Pl. Preiss. 
ii. 4; Thelymitra Smithiana, Hook. f. Tasm. ii. 4, t. 101 B. 
Victoria, Port Phillip, €. F "rench ; Mount Abrupt and ^e Creek, F. Mueller. 
ia. Circular Head, Mrs. ‘Si th; Georgetown, Archer; ‘Southport, C. 
cag 
w. alia. Drummond, 1st wed 8rd coll. n. 309; Albany and Upper Hay 
river, F. * Muslar, Thistle Cove, Mazw 


SEC BIAURELLA, Lindl. RM eui: not produced behind 
the emm but with 2 lateral erect lobes or HU ren longer than 
the anther and often connected by a short crest behind it 


A9. T. — Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 4, t. ae A. Stems erect, 


e 
broadly spathulate Ad n pendages, gre than the anther, very 
obtuse or emarginate. Andes produced into a broad thick concave 
appendage, beak reins very obtuse, rugose-pubescent outside.— 
Macdonaldia antennifera, Lindl, me Riv. App. 50; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 
985; Endl. in Pl. Preiss. i 

Victoria. Wendu Vale, bots dens Allitt; Port Phillip, Gunn; 
- ághton, F. Mueller; Grampians, S. Fisher 


4 
i 


Thelymitra. | CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 323 


Tasmania. Georgetown, Archer. 
S. — á Bey nme bay, Whittaker ; ; Tamunda and EPE F. Mueller. 
W. Austr ing George's Sound to Swan river, Wakefield, F. Mueller, 
fa, lst boll. Ath coll. n. 230, 5th coll. n. 116, ens 2181, and many others ; 
dii ard to Bremer and Esperance bays, Maxwell, D 


. 13. T. Macmillani, F. Muell. Fragm. v. bx Habit and foliage of 
T vds ib put perhaps nearer allied to 7. variegata. Sepals and 
petals about 4 in. long, appar ntly deep coloured (ut p). Colum 


wing awo into 2 lateral 1 divergin obes as long as the anther, 


an ctoria. Port Phillip, M ‘Millan; a AES specimen in Herb. F. Mueller.—The 
Species requires further investigation and may prove to be an abnormal form of one of 
the allied species or possibly a hybrid. 


14. 'T. variegata, Lindl. in s Benth. Stem not very stout, 1 ft. 
high or rather more, with 2 to 4 large flowers. Leaf with a villous 
sheath, the lamina usually glabrous, linear, much dilated at the base 
and often undulate. Sepals and petals lanceolate, shortly Mum 
dark-coloured p varieg gated. Column nea rly 


la: 
aldia variegata and M. spiralis, Lindl. Swan Riv. "i 50, Gen. and 
Sp. Orch. 385, 386; Thelymitra gerplarseian F. Muel Fragm. v. 97. 
W. Au strali ver, d, 1st coll. ; Kalgan river, Maxwell. 
form spiralis is fp sages a distinct vant ero ndulate or bid. "base of the leaf 
occurs in some of the larger as well as in the sail er and more slender specimens. 
15. T. venosa, R. Br. Prod. 914. A of some of the rather 
larger forms of T. imioides. Stem 1 to 2 ft. high, with a long narrow 
af and a raceme of 6 to 10 blue fob abe Sepals and petals I to 2 in. 
P long, veined as in 7. ixioides. Column broadly winged, with 2 long 
_ linear obtuse erect lateral lobes, not connected behind the anther and 
more or less spirally involute. Amnther scarcely acuminate, shorter 
than the c olumn-lobes. Ma edonaldia i ndl. Swan Riv. App. 50, 
iy e 


 Anthér acuminate and often Midler amit eo. E Lindl. 
Swan Riv. App. 50; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 886; Thelymitra venosa, 
L i Ye 


324 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [ Thelymitra. 
Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 4, t. 109 A, as to the Tasmanian plant, not of 
E.B r 


(T EE vacet Cireular Head and Rocky Cape, Gunn; Jeny and Port Sorrell, 
Archer; Macquarrie Harbour, Milligan; Southport, C. Stu 

Hooker reduces this to the Port Jackson T. venosa, but it appears to me sufficiently 
distinct in the smaller flowers, the. acuminate anther, acil differently shaped lateral 
lobes of the column. 


29. EPIBLEMA, R. Br. 


Sepals and petals all pes equal and T de hi Labellum ungui- 
culate, the claw with 2 erect thick lobes, the lamina ovate, concave, 
with a tuft of linear processes on the di ane near the base. Column Mel 
short, with erect petal-like thin lateral lobes or appenda 
nected behind the anther. Anther erect or aight bent jae "dió 
cells distinct, with a short recurved point. Apa granular. 
— short.— Terrestrial glabrous herb, with the habit of TAelymi- 

Leaf narrow-li Flowers few in a terminal raceme. 
mu genus is limited to the single species endemic in Australia. 


l. E. grandiflorum, R. Br. Prod. 315. Habit of the slender forms 
of Thelymitra ixioides. Stem erect, 1 to 14 ft. high, with one long 
narrow linear leaf and 1 or 2 smaller des leaves or sheathing scales. 
IT 2 to 5, Pow in a short raceme, the bracts shorter than 


Mich s ss united under the labellum ^ a broad base, and the 
peta e ovate-lanceolate. Labellum as long as the sepals, the claw 

a u "dinis long, the 2 appendages erect rounded and closely parallel, 
the processes of the disk of the labellum long, slightly clavate, ascend- 
ing, % age mes one or two of them deflexed and clasped by the 


appends f the claw. Lateral eppence es of the column broad, 
ap s ars 2 lines long.—Lindl. jen Sp. Orch. 523 ; Endl. in 
is c "bond Reichb. f. Beitr 


€ King George's cds A R. Brown, A. Cunningham, Baxter; 
Swan river, n Drummond ist coll., Preiss, n. 2219 ; Cape. Le Grand, Maxwell; Lake 
Muir, Muir 
90. DIURIS, Sm. 


Dorsal sepal erect, rather broad, closely embracing the column at the 
base, the upper part open ; lateral sepals preuding or d almost herba- 


chao nati the T. lobe iudi contracted at the ase, 
w 


cR. at AY RO PIE LE E EEEN PE T A 


E uM E c Ria i i Id. 


aBiuris.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 395 


cells occupying nearly the whole inner surface. Rostellum 2-fid, 

shorter than the anther. Pollen-masses granular or mealy, wit out 

any distinct caudicle.—Terrestrial glabrous herbs, with underground 

tubers. Leaves narrow, few at or "ear the base of the stem , with a 
rs 


close over the column, make it appear as if the petals were outside in 
æstivation, and they are sometimes so dena but in the bud the esti- 
vation is quite normal with the sepals outsi 

The genus is limited to Australia, and cannot be confounded with any other, although 
the species are ies difficult to distinguish from dried specimens which do not show 
their real c 
Er Apt (the lateral lobes b. to the base), with 2 

gitudinal raised lines on the mi lobe. 
ae, sepals usually much di c "e di Lee 


owers white . : P e. 1. UA AND 
Flowers bluish pur rple 2. D. punctata. 
Lateral dej ied usually scarcely longer than the petals. Flowers 
yello T NE otted or blotched with purple 3. D. aurea. 
Lebéllim 3 3- fd (the la ateral lobes pen » from above the base) 
with 2 longitudinal raised lines on the middle lobe 


rael Jongifudi xf dtd 2 the j^ bellum at some distance 


Lateral Jotos vf p teli as long as or more than half 
s lon middle lobe. Dorsal sepal err as 


Lateral sch ot he petal 4. D. palustris 

min s the much longer "od b. e - a 4 ee D 4 

ral sepals scarcely so lon eem D. maculata. 
Lateral chee “a the labellum rales ‘thal alf » “Ion ng ‘as the 
be. Dorsal sepal usually shorter than the 


vel um. 
Raised longitudinal lines of the labellum T srar” Macon ER PERTE 


Raised longitudinal lines crenulate or cri . . 7. D. palle 

Raised longitudinal lines glabrous a oth pos BD, react 
Raised longitudinal "un closely contiguous so as to appear like 

oe canalicu „and uniting in a single one about the 

mi ie 


Up avena Ai 9. D. setacea. 
2 : rem rere : «S er D emarginata. 


a vy raised longitu 
LI lateral lobes r Eds dr pi dus perri lobe. 


Flowers yellow often viti purple spots . 11. D. sulphurea. 
Labellum lateral lobes nearly as long as "the iniddle lobe. ure 
Flowers purple often mixed with bufFcolour . . . . . . 12. D. longifolia. 


Labellum lateral lobes much shorter than the middle lobe. ; 
Leaves filiform and habit of D. setacea. Flowers yellow . 13. D. pauciflora. 


om the sma owered specimens of 
narrower and one of them often nearly as ren as dis stem below the 


396 CXX: ORCHIDER. AM 


about j in.; dorsal sepal and labellum nearly equal in length an nd | 
shorter has the petals. Lateral lobes of the column more frequently | 
dentate than in D. e but variable.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. - 
509; B f. Beitr. 13. 

Que and. Port PA owen and Shoalwater omms: R. Brown; Brisbane river, 
Cs apart Cunningham ; Rockhampton and vicinity, Bowman, Thozet, ME 
Daliad Downs, Law; Wide bay, Bidwill ; em Sand Bowman ; Rockingham bay, 

allachy on J 

Port Macquarrie, a aega Tweed river, C. Moore; New Zea- ; 

land, D jeder Ole river, Wilco , 
ingle specimen from Warwick in n Her b. F, Mueller has tent; long pr con lateral 

sepals, Rar the rest of the he: very siia the colour not m oned ; other dirin 


er, an ; 
lateral spes pode lin.long and rather broad. He lateral lobes of the ee E 
riable 


are very v n their ‘venation, sometimes broad at the apex and many-nerve 


o 
the column, one may e bud ov erlap t the lábelluin and the other be wholly inside, one ; 
with the nerve reaching almost to the apex, T eive with it visible only halfway up. — 


2. D. punctata, Sm. Exot. Bot. i. 19, t. 8. Stems 1 to 2 ft. high, 
or even more. Leaves usually 2, eer 8 to 6 in. long, with 2 empty - 
sheathing bracts above them Flowers 2 or 3, blue or purplish, often ~ 
dotted but not blotched like several of the yellow species, the acuminate | 
bracts often but not always exceeding the ovary. Dorsal sepal in the - 
typical form broadly ovate-oblong, 7 to 8 lines long; lateral sepals 

exed, very narrow, nearly 2 in. long. Petals broadly elliptical- 
a near y 1 in. long including a claw of about 2 lines. Label 
about as long as the dorsal sepal, "divided at the base into 3 lobes, the - 
middle lobe obovate-oblong, the lateral ones about one-third as long, 
oblong-falcate, varying in breadth, entire or crenulate; disk of the 


base; the 2 lateral ones ending somewhat abruptly and sometimes : 
ormin gan acute tooth below the middle of the lobe, the central one - 
not so prominent or obscure at the base, but dinida further along 
the lamina. ien lobes of the edum as long as the anther, lanceo- | 
late with undulate ther 


a domat, iy in Sc rad. Neu. Journ. i. En R. Br. Pr od. 9er 


Muell. in pere xxvi. ur 


N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Sieber, n. 166, and Fl. Mixt. n. 627, 
and many TO. or river, Wilcox ; Nangas, M Arthur ; Mudgee, Woolls; on 
the Murrumbid 

Victoria. Port Ph billip, Gunn, F. Mueller; Wendu Vale, Robertson; Yarra, 
- Mount Alexander, Mount Abrupt, F. Mueller ; East Gipps' Land, Walter. 


E 
j 


Diuris.| CXX. ORCHIDER. 327 


Var. minor. Under 1 ft. high, with secun im the middle lobe 5 fn labellum 

more DERE s —New England, C. Stua Clarence river, Rile 
Var. ipie obs sepals 4 at dev) 3i in. E —Mudgee, Taylor. 

I hav unable to ascertain for what reason Smith's name and figure have been 
ignored by “all anys writers. 

3. D. aurea, Sm. Exot. Bot. i. 15, t. 9. Stems 1 ft. high or more. 
Leaves eiit not very long. Flowers 2 to 5, yellow or more or less 
blotched or tinged wit brown. Petals obovate-oblong or elliptical, 


column falcate, obtuse, sometimes irregularly toothed, the wings almost 
“pens od at the base with the vus lines of the "Jabellum.—R. Br. 
Prod. 315; Lindl Gen. and Sp. Orch. 509; F. Muell. Fragm. v. 172; 
Reichb. f Beitr. 11; D. spathulata, B. in Schrad. Neu. Journ. i. 60; 
D. oculata, F. Muell. Fragm. v. rie partly ? 

Queensland. Gainsford, hoi 

- Wales. wiih Jackson, R: p ET vbi Port Stephens, Lady Parry ; 

ie England, C. Stuart ; Clarence river, Wilco. 

Var. obtusa. Petals Eis ovate or iM very obtuse; Sus ‘sepal broad.— 
Hunter's river, Herb. Lindley and Hooker ; Port "Jackso n, Woolls 


4. D. palustris, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 507. Very near D. maculata, 
but usually a smaller One with finer leaves, the stem rarely much 


middle lobe near the base of its lamina.—Hoo Tasm. ii. 
toria. Wendu Mana Robertson ; Mount iiia F, Mueller ; ; Bere. Burra, 
Hinteracker ; Ararat 
asmania. Marshy around near Hobarton, Circular Head, &c., Gunn, and others. 
S. ralia. Onkapari nga I" aker; Bugle Barossa and Lofty ranges, P* 
Mueller, York Peninsula, Fowl 
acula m. Exot. Bot.i. 57, t. 90. Rather a — slender 
species, usually under i ft. high. Leaves narrow. Flow n long 
pedi cels, yellow, much spotted or blotched with brown or Pirie and 


the petals, under ect rigid and embracing 
the column at wih eet ovt nhi ubi dum opes at the top; lateral 


328 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Diuris. 


sepals sis oie recurved, narrow, rarely exceeding the petals; petals 

ovate, rigid dark-coloured claw. Labellum shorter than the 
dorsal Wet 3- 3-lobed from above the base, the lateral lobes large and 

ually as long or nearly as long as the broad middle lobe, the 2 raised 
pm of the disk ending usuall rominent angles or "teeth a little 
above the base of the middle 1 ner Eaton lobes of the column often 
toothed.—R. Br. Prod. 315; Bot. "S r Ta Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 507; Hook. f. FI. Tasm. ii. 6, 4B; Reichb. f. Beitr. 11; 
D. pardina ‘and D. curvi ifolia, Lindl. du id Sp. Orch. 507. 

Ec Rockhampton, Thozet. 

- Wales. Port Jackson, R. o wn, iis n. 165, and many others; New 


Victo du 

Cove, F. lieri ; Grampians, Fisker. 
s - eem nia. Very abundant in pastures and loose forests throughout the colony, 
ET Bugle Barossa and Lofty ranges, F. Mueller; York Peninsula, 


Var. concolor. Flowers Le not at all or parels ^ tted. iie equalis, F. 
dc 


ATE 
e 


Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 8, e 105A; T. Muell. Fragm. v. 173; aar f 
Beitr. 19; D. lanceolata, " Lindl. Le; : dn Schlecht, Linnea, xx. 572. 
island. Armidale, Perrott 
. 8S. ‘Wales. Port Jackson, EC Brown, Woolls; in the interior, M'Arthur ; 
Macq sides Pda and vale of Clw wyd, A. Cunningham 
Wendu Vale, c4 Portland, Melbourne, and ge med loca- 
ities, = Mueller, and others. E. Gipps ' Land, Walter ; ; Gram mpia 
ant in isl vei in many paris of the wes H D. ‘Hooker, 
and other 7 
a Australia. Mount Gambier to St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Mueller, Behr, and 
ot “ih 


e 
pubescence of the lamina, sometimes are much rourided, incurved at the en , almos 
meeting, the puLescent centre of the lamina very narrow. The latter form characterizes 


Diuris.] CXX. ORCHIDE. à 329 


the D. lanceolata, Lindl.; but I have found many intermediates with slight differences 
in other characters variously combined. ; 


D. pallens, Benth. A small Pun very nearly allied to D. pedun- 
eulata, but distinct as far as I am able to judge from dried specimens in 


e la 
obes still smaller in proportion than in that species, the raised lines or 
plates of the disk converging and ending in a single line along the 
cg but fringed with small calli instead of being pubescent or 
ciliate, 


N, S. Wales. New England, C. Stuart. 


D. abbreviata, F. Muell. Herb. Habit rather more of D. maculata 
than of D. pedunculata, to both of which this species is allied. Leaves 
rather narrow. Flowers pale-coloured when dry, more or less blotched, 

i t 


o 
column at the base, oval-oblong and op u art. Labellum 
3-lobed from above the base, the lateral lobes small, triangular or lan- 
ceolate, faleate; the middle lobe much longer, bro u con- 


obe, quite smooth and glabrous. Lateral lobes of the column acute, 
entire or denticulute, the wings continuous in front with the raised 
i 


Queensland. Armidale, Perrott; Darling Downs, Law; also a specimen from 

Port Bowen, marked D. dubia, in Herb. R Brown, appears to be this species. 
N. S. Wal New England, C. Stuart. 

- 9. D. setacea, R. Br. Prod. 316. Stems under 1 ft. high. Leaves 
usually very narrow-linear or filiform and rather short. Flowers 1 to3, 


lobe, the labellum being thus characterized as bicarinate by Brown and 
unicarinate by Lindley. Lateral lobes of the column narrow acute, 
as long as the anther.—Lindl Gen. and Sp. Orch. 508 ; Reichb. £ 
. Beitr. 12; D. filifolia, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 51, t. 8 B; Gen. and Sp. 


330 x CXX.. ORCHIDER. [Diuris. 
Orch. 510, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 11; D. carinata, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 510; cu Le. 


. Aus Ring. Ge un. Sound and adjoining districts, R. Brown, and 

many others ; d thence to Swan ver, Drummond, 1st coll. n . 842, 843, Tu cul n. 
823, Oldfield, a d'others : p. tward 16 Esperance bay, Cape 2t ird and C 

Maacwell.—1 have not seen Preiss's specimens, but there i very little dahi of Asc 


having been rightly referred to this species, readily Paid by its foliage. 


0. D. emarginata, R. Br. Prod. DLP. Allied to D. setacea, but a 
stouter and taller plant, "usually 1 to 2 ft. high. Leaves narrow-linear 
but not subulate, the empty sheathing bracts long and broad. Flowers 
several, distant from each other in a loose raceme, but on erect edicels, 
larger than in D. setacea. Lateral sepals 2 to 1 in. long ; petals rather 
shorter, elliptical, contracted into a short claw; dorsal sepal shorter 
than the sepals, firm at the base and embracing the colu umn, open at the 
top. as abe lum as long as the dorsal sepal, the lateral lobes broad, en- 
tire or toothed, from m Àj! to $ as long as the middle lobe, and the double 


f. adu Wi D. Drummondii, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 51, Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 5 

wW. in sene zn King George's Bound R, Brown; Lake Muir, Muir; Gordon. 
Ka Kalgan, Vasse nes Oldfield ; : Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., and perhaps 
o ldfiel 


bas river, d, the specimen very imperfect. 
D. laxiflora, Lindl. igor Hin App. 51, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 510, from pie river, 
, appears t o be a rather slender drawn up state of marginata, 
he han go are not ien enough for d I have not aee those o 
RU ora by Endl. in PI. Preiss. 

R. Brown jvídeslly derived his name from an — of the petals d keen 
ages he fully des iA Fa his notes, but of which I can find no trace in the mens 
of his a labelled as - emarginata, of the | mado Probably the emargi- 

siis n was acc ey eR specimen described on r spot; the dried specimens 


Ty ios Mbit vith his description, as well as with Drummond's describe 
byl Lindley, aoe here as in D. setacea Lindley regarded the labellum as unicarinate, 


the wings joining at the base in ge 
with the central keel of the Tabellura.. Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 5 509; 


se ee ee ee hee 


4 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
: ? 


Diuris.] CXX. ORCHIDEJ. 991 


Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. a y 204 A; Reichb. f. Beitr. 19; D. oculata, F. 
pg in Linnea, xx 

. Wales, Ini pe s river, R. Brown; Port Jackson and Bathurst, 
Woulse New Engl and, C. Stu 
beg ctoria. Glenelg river, pens Port Phillip, Gunn, F. Mueller; Little river, 

e: 
Tasmania. Common in many parts of the colony, J. D. Hooker, and others. 
. Australia. Mount Gambier, F. Mueller. 

The Victorian plant originally described by F. Mueller as D. oculata, is certainly the 
D. sulphurea, with the quem Pane Leer the dorsal sepal, and with a single central 
ridge, The very similar D. a s, however, in several collections under the irem " 
D. oculata, F. Muell, and is eer bably the | one described under that pace ot the 
menta, v. 173, with the double keel or 2 longitudinal plates.on the labell 


12. D. longifolia, R. Br. Prod. 316. Stems from under 1 ft. to 
considerably p% that height. Leaves linear, narrow or broad, one 
often but not always ver y long. Fl usual] 3 to 5, variable in 
size but edis large and dark-coloured when dry, described when fresh 
E ipto and buff. Petals oval or ramen Mein often 3 in. long 

ding the claw; lateral sepals as long, “linear or dilated above the 


ovate, entire; middle obe contracted into a car, with a pet! promi- 


gat ‘raised line along the centre.—Lindl. and Sp. . 009; 


eichb. f. Beitr. 14; D. porrifolia, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 51, Oai and 
Sp. Orch. 511; Endl. in Eh Mp ii. 12; D. corymbosa, Lindl. Ice. ; 
po f FI Taam. i d id ; F. Muell. Fragm. v. 172. 
endu Vale, p r uw. esi F. Mueller ; Portland, Allitt ; 
Goan seis gen E. Gipps' Land, 
Tasmania. Port Dal rymple, A pas common in the northern parts of the 
island, 5 "p. Hooker, and other 


"Australia. Mount Gon er, and around St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Mueller * 

. Australia, King. George s Sound, pn "wl arvey, p — ; thence. 
Vasse and Swan hay. mmond, 1st coll. n Eh " 58, n. 2 and others; 
arte river, Oldfie'd ; casts to Bremer s gis 


larger and 
the Western specimens (D. corymbosa), Lin e flowers are 

the lole se. labelium Mara broader than iu the itu and Victoriun ones, in 
others quite as small or smaller. 


13. D. pauciflora, R. Br. Prod. 316. A slender ux of 6 in. to 
lft. resembling at first sight the var. concolor of D maculata. Leaves 
very narrow not quite so fine as in D. setacea. Flowers 1 to 9, 


with a single PEDEM raised line not reaching to half the n of 


- the labellum.— Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch, 610; Heichb. f. Be 


W. Australia. King cd s Sound, R. Brown, who gathered several specimens, 


- 


382 CXX. ORCHIDEJX. [ Diuris. 


but I have not seen it in any other collection. Bauer's Port Jackson plant of - same 
name, referred to by Reichb. f., l.c., is probably the yellow variety of D. maculat 


81. ORTHOCERAS, R. Br. 


Dorsal sepal on incurved, hood-shaped; lateral voie narrow- 
linear, lóng and erect; petals sho rt, erect, narrow.  Labellum 3-lobed, 
e middle lobe eni and contracted at the base, a thick calls on the 
disk between the lateral lobes. Column very short, with lateral erect 
lobes not connected behind the anther. Anther erect or slightly in- 


several sessile flow 
The genus is SU to ee single Australian species, found also in New Zealand. 


O. strictum, R. Br. Prod. 317. Stem DEM, erect, 1 to 13 ft. 
high. Leaves abvoral near the base, linear, a in. long, or one or 
two outer ones short and ico and 2 or 3 long sheaths with short 
erect lamin:e above the . Flowers distant, erect, in an interrupted 


ceeding the ovary, sometimes much longer than the dorsal sepal. 
hog run broad and very concave, much incurved, acute or obtuse, 
n. long, greenish or white outside, brown purple or yellowish 
inside lateral sepals antenna-like, slightly clavate ri 
long ; petals thin, not 2 lines long, truncate notched or toothed at the 
en 
the middle lobe twice as long and ovate, the callus between the lateral 
lobes broad and prominent, but variable in shape. Lateral lobes of the 
column often ae as Te p the petals. eia Tre and Sp. Orch. 
512; Reichb. f. Bei pueri Lindl. Le.; Diuris No tit 
tain. Rich. Fl. Nova “del. 163 
N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the en D ay R. Brown, A. and R. Cun- 
ningham, Woolls, and others, but said to be very rare; towards ilsva; A. Cun- 
ning) 
rece 


Dandenong, F. Mueller; Glenelg valley, Robertson. 
S. Australia. St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Muell, Behr; Spencer's Gulf, Wilhelmi. 
The New Zealand plant does not appear to me to differ in the slightest particular. 


32. CRYPTOSTYLIS, R. Br. 


, extende 
Column | exceedingly short, the wings Tomiie Marty distinct auricles or 
connected into a "qnem beaks behind the anther, the margin toot thed or 


pemes CXX. ORCHIDEX, 333 


ged. Anther erect against the back of the stigma or bent forwa: ig 
e 


ovate to lanceolate. Flo owering aos le geni. be earing 2 or more erect 
sheathing scales or empty bracts. Flower rather large, green with a 
brown red or purple labellum, several in a a otini raceme. Bracts 


esides the Australian ha > which are all endemic, there are two or three in E. 
Indis and the Archipelago. "The genus is es allied to Calochilus, differing in the 
rhizome and foliage, and in i dd labellum not fringed. 


..— Labellum hina ds co with reflexed sv hen fully out, the disk 
with a double raised line dilated i rominent thick lobes 
tat the end. 2" r bent forki, gn Dd column wings con- 
nected behi 
Leaves oblong or acdsee Eastern sa pie . a. . 1, C. longifolia. 
C. ovata. 


Leaves ovate or broadly oblong. Western specie 2. 
Labellum lamina concave. Anther nearly erect, the column-wings 


Labellum lamina tf broad, with a broad membranous longi- 


tudinal deg plate 3. C. erecta. 
Labellum lamina linear, w without any longitudinal plate. or raised 
line 4. C. om 


beyond them almost to 4 e end of the lamina which is obtuse or 


e 
2 additional short raised iin parallel to the two principal ones, 
the disk veined but not so strongly as in C. erecta, Anther bent for- 
ward, almost hood-shaped, with a small dorsal recurved point near the 
apex.  Column-wing broad short and irregularly lobed toothed or 
| ORA. 4 shortly continuous behind the anther.—Lindl Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 445; Bauer, Ill. Orch. Gen. t. 17, 18; Endl. conog, t 17; 
Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 9, t. 108 A; Malazis subulata, Labill. Pl. Nov. 
Hu ii. 62, t. 919; Crypt € Reichb. f. Beitr. 15. 


934 CXX. ORCHIDEX. [ Cryptostylis. 


T Glasshouse — F. Muell 
- S. Wales. Port Jackson, 2. Brown, ponis Woolls; Hastings river, 
Beaten; ; Tweed river, i Nom M'Leay ri river, Z'itzgerald ; Pennant Hills, A. Cun- 


ningham; Ashfield, Ramsay; Maneroo, Mrs. Calvert. 
e Portla nd, Dan denon "Buil Creek, Snowy river, &c., F. Mueller. 
ania. Port Dalrym . Brown ; Cir cular Head, hn; ; Port Sorell, 


Garretts Suge rloaf, Meander river, Archer ; Oyster Cove, Milligan; Southport, 
tuart; N. Huon river, Oldfield. 
Labillardiére having placed the qae in a genus with which it has no con- 
nexion, there seems to be no sufficient reason for substituting his specific name founded 
upon n the ipee not upon the real ipi of the sepals and petals, for the one so gene- 
rally adopt 


2. C. ovata, R. Br. Prod. 317. Habit inflorescence and flowers of 
C. longifolia, from which this oae is d to be distinguished ex- 
cept by the larger broader leaves more strongly ribbed, E 
those of Alisma m varying ioi vate to oblong an 
long. Labellum the same as in C. longifolia, or the -en central luis 


figure of C. longifolia in the Fl, Tasm.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 445; 
Re amt f. Beitr. 15; Endl. in Pl. Prins: Wed. 

stralia. King George's Sound, R. Brown; Stirling Range, Mazwell, P. 
Podi towards Swan river, Drummond, A. C. Gre regory; Hampden, Clarke. 


3. C. erecta, R. Br. Prod. 317. Closely resembling C. lon dri in 
habit leaves, inforescen nce and perianth, but usually rather smaller i 


g ex 
jagged lateral pia iot EANN behind the ather which is m 
erect than in C. longifolia and shortly rostrate. —Lindl. wee and Sp. 
bon 446; Reichb. f. Beitr. 15; F. Muell. Fragm 
. S. wales. Port Jackson to di Blue Mountains, n. dus gy Cun- 
aee Woolls, Daintree, Miss Atkinson, Pegal ld. 


4. C. leptochila, F. Muell. Herb. More slender than the other 
species, our specimens 6 in. to 1 ft. high, with smaller flowers in a rather 
dense raceme. af ovate on a short petiole. Perianth of C. longifolia 


but sho lum with the short broad v of the other species, 
iiA contracted above it into a loneg-linear rather thick chan- 
nelled 


amina of 3 in.; a thick longitudinal ed line or plate alon 
the centre of the broad base (which is veined only in the other species) 
ceases at the contraction, and the lamina has only two rows or in 
rupted lines of scarcely prominent ealli or dark thick s ots (at least in 
the specimen: examine olumn-wing with 2 pare denticulate lobes 
interrupted behind the nearly erect anther as in C. er 


puce _- 


Cryptostylis. | OXX. ORCHIDEE.  — 335 


. S. Wales. Springwood, Ji. Cunningham, a single specimen ; Kurrajong, Mrs. 
Tedin two siad specimens. 


93. PRASOPHYLLUM, R. Br. 


Flowers reversed. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or broad, concave, usually 
arched over the column and sometimes adnate to it at the e ensis 
sepals as long or longer, lanceolate or linear, free or more or les 


ort 
Flowers expe! coloured, often pale or greenish yellow, coe e 
humerous in a terminal spike, vis 
as to appear very spreading orr 
des the Australian species there are pu in New Zealand, one of T appa- 
rently identical with an Australian one. The habit of the genus and many of its 
characters are ey are of. Microtis from which it differs in the revers = omer, ‘the more 


The lateral sepals in two or three instances have been described as 2.dentate. I 
have never found them so, and believe the error to have arisen either from a slip of a 


on referring to lateral sepals instead of the lateral appendages of the column, or the 
Writer to have meant the lip composed of the two combined lateral sepals. 


Secr. 1. Euprasophyllum.— Labellum sessile at the base of the column. 


Flowers ey above 3 lines long. Ovary elongated, narrow. 
zr ants. Lateral sepals connate at least in the 


Labellum with a broad gibbous thickish base, the inner 
late broad, eger — reaching beyond the 
ind. Leaflamina lon 1. P. australe. 
Labellum with a pecie narrow but obtuse base, the inner 
p broad, but commencing only about the middle. 
eaf-lamina very short and erect . 2. P. flavum. 
Labellum slightly contracted at the ba se, "the inner plate 
covering the greater part of the surface with its broad 
detached margins. Lukasia lng . . . . . . 8&.P. datum. 


species rc P brevilabre. 
Labellum gradually curved; Western species 11 5. P. hians. 


336 CXX, ORCHIDEÆ. [ Prasophyllum. 


Lateral sepals free or very shortly connate at the bas 
Labellum obtuse at the base or slightly sumteabted but 
not gibbous. rene s eies, 
Labellum with the recu end ovate or oblong, un- 
dulate, much. broader ded the Wicked d inner plate 6. P. patens. 
Labellum with the recurved end line rah not 


much broader than the guide inner pla 7. P. fuscum. 
Labellum with a gibbous base protruding been ‘the 
late als. Western ptt . 8. P. eyphochilum. 
Flowers under 3 lines long. aei narrow-oblong, Slender 
Western species with numerous eei 


rly Ww un d TA ovale. 
Lateral sepals subulate, twice as fud s as i petals . « s 10. P, macrostachyum. 
Sect. 2. Podochilus.— Labellum obtuse at the ni on a short distinct horizontal 
claw, but continuous with it and the base of the colum: 


Lateral sepals not saccate at the base, usually conna 
inner, pate. of the labellum deep and copiously fringed on 


all Western s . P. Fimbria. 
fmi oie: of the labellum iad l “Small Eastern species . 12. P. striatum. 
Late saccate at the base. Western 
Lateral sepals adnate at the base to eve Sebel anton of 
the column, otherwise free 13. P. parvifolium. 


Lateral sepals connate, the sa ceate base enclosing the basal 
projection of ag column but free from 
Flowers under 24 lines. he pose and peii of "y uni- 
orm colour and m most] » 14. P. pliierisn 
Flowers 3 lines dd Den. sepals broad and white, 
contrasting Sih the T acute is SM 
nd p 15. P. cucullatum. 


Secr. 3. iiis sium. —Labellum obtuse or contracted es a claw at the base, 
articulate on a horizontal claw-like basal projection of the column, and usually move- 
able. Stem slender, the leaf almost or quite reduced to a rer fe bract. ers 
very sm 
Labellum neither Pingo nor ciliate 

Lateral se very gibbous at the base. cte 

ce Tang as long as the anther . 16. P. nigricans. 
Lateral sepals narrow, i gibbous. Loin narrow. 
anther. Rostellum very short. 

Flower dark coloured, about 1 line long 17. P. rufum. 
Poo epe long as or longer than ‘the anthers. Rostel- 
lum 


ers. 
Lateral seht of the column 2-fid or 2-dentate. 


Flowers pale, nearly 2 lines long . 18. P. brachystachyum. 
Lateral appendages of the column entire and i long. 
Flowers dark- eerie 14 lines long . . 19. P. despectans. 
fri 


Labellum ciliate « or fringe 
La E es ong. peret - the upper haif with long hairs. 
epe 2 bo gib at the rg sea 
lait bre to 24 Moos. Labellum equal or dilated 
towa 


. 20. P. fimbriatum. 
amor sepals psi 3 lines. Labellum tapering towards 
« 0 21. P. Archers, 
an ‘broadly ovate, fringed - or ciliate with long hairs. 
Lateral sepals not gibbous at the base . . 92. P. intricatum. 
PURA UR ovate- iun bordered pt very "short cilia. Ve 
teral sepals scarcely gibbous at the base 23. P. Woollsii. 


TORRA I 


Prasophyllum.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 337 


Sect. 1. EuPRAsoPHYLLUM.—Labellum sessile at the base of the 


column. 


: chb. eitr. 17; P. lutescens, 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 514; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 10, t. 110 B. 

Victoria. Wet places or in water, Portland, Robertson, Allitt. 

Tasmania, Adventure bay, Nelson (Herb. R. Brown); Rocky Cape, Gunn; 
Flinders island, and Oyster Cove, Milligan ; Southport, C. Stuart. , 


plate commencing from about the middle, the oblique margins phe 
in the centre and dying away before the end of the lamina ral 


. N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown; Blue Mountains, R, Cunningham ; Ber- 
nma, Miss Calvert; towards Durval, Leichhardt ; New England tuart. 
asmania. Cheshunt, Archer; Oyster Cove, Milligan; Huon river, Oldfield; 
Southport, C. Stuart. 


often long but very variable. greenish, nearly sessile in & 
Taceme or spik 8 in. or even longer. Ovary e . ) 


338 . CXX. ORCHIDEJX. [ Prasophyllum. 


ying the greater os of the surface, its free margins broad, 


sed: united a litt 

e very s dort column free, we ero obtuse, as long as the anther, 
the outer margin thickened an oblong gland-like 
So ning Anthe ond A. "dé 8 s long, 1 acuminate rostellum 


m. S. Wales. Port Mackie son, E. duis Sieber, n. 167, Wis ae ie 
Victoria. Port Phillip, F. Mueller E, Gipps’ Land, T: Mueller, Walter. 
i Ci m her 


tralia. sol Géorge's Sound, R. Brown, »2 sailor; and others; Swan 


W.A 
river, Pron 


narro ; ? 
Swan Riv. day: 54, Gen. oxi Aor Orch. 515; P. RS Reichb. f. Beitr. 16; F. 
Drum j Reichb. f. Lc acrot 3 s 


‚rather short. Ovary obovoid or oblong, narrower than in P. 


but much shorter than in P. elatum. Dorsal sepal under 4 lines long; 
pes rather shorter narrow and acuminate; lateral sepals longer and 
tid than the dorsal one, united almost to th Labellum 


appearance to the whole labellum ; t margine much pautas i ne 
y as broad as thé erec 
i al 


| ery shortl fl 
plan of the column adnate to the stigma rather high up, entire, 
outer margin without any appendage. 
Queensland. Archer's station, Moreton ba; 
N.S. Wales. Hastings river, ” Bee 3^ € i 

Moe swamps, F. Mue ller ; E. Gipps' Land, Walter. 
Tasmania, Rocky Cape, Gunn; Southport, C. Stuart. 


ERI T Beitr. 59, d Stem 6 in. to 1 ft. "E e 
rat er- 


ar their line of junction; petals at least as long as the sepal ait 
more dilated n most other species. Labellum sessile, rather 
broad at the base but xa gibbous, recurved above the mi e 


margins undulate, the. inn er pla ate much narrower forming a longi- 
tudinal central thickening, ending at the bend or a little beyond it 


Prasophyllum.| XX. ORCHIDER. 339 


in a thick bepillesestringed callus. Column rather long, the lateral 
Shpondagpa adnate ne side, falonte, acute, entire. Anther short. 
alia. ee odi s Sound, F. Mueller; Harvey river, Oldfield ; also 
i Disha collection, but our specimens too much injured for positive identification. 
6. P. patens, R. Br. Prod. 318. Stems usually tall but varying from 
1 to 3 ft., the length of the eaf also. very variable. Flowers usuall 
smaller than in P. elatum, larger than in P. fuscum, of a iud uma 
green, the labellum bordered with white, but neither the size nor the 
shade of colour constant. Ovary obovoid or sho ortly oblong. Sepals 
lanceolate, acute or obtuse, pepe 4 lines long, = lateral ones quite 
free, the petals of the same length but more obtuse and much more 
petal-like in consistence. deut as long as the fines sessile but 


oblong, o 
almost lanceolate, but always shows a conaibh [Mnt N of a: e 
argin, the inner plate not very nrg ae much narrower than the, 


Ei 
Q 
= 
r3 
4 
i 
[2 
e 
" 
© 
Eb 
e 
pd 
e 
au 
"c 
e 
x 
g 
e 
B 
= 
E 
iz 
e 
2 


Gen and Sp. Orch. 513; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. 
l, t. 111; Reichb. T Beitr. 19. 
Queensland. Armidale, Perrott 
ales. Port Jacks on, 7 Bro Woolls, and others; in the interior, 
Non as, JM Arthur ; Mudgee, Taylor; New iE ey Q. Stuart; southward to Two- 
. fold hey and Mürniy river, F. Mueller. 
oria. Wendu Vale, Robertson; mouth of the Nano Allitt; Port Phillip, 
Gunn ; ci lng Cobras mountains, Wimmera, F. er. 
Sheng a. Abundant in moist ground throughout “the island, J. D. Hooker and 


à X3 Australia. From Mount Gambier to St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Mueller and many 
. others, 
P. tru m, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 513, Host, t: f Tasm. ii. 12, t. 109, dis- 
q tinguished t oy [^ slightly prominent lateral tooth o column appendages and by the 
. inner plate of the labellum terminating abruptly a lite Rug the bend and not dying 
on the amina, does not appear to me to be separable even as a mar dai for 
differences in these respects may be observed almost from specimen to specia 


um, R. me n d. 318. A very variable nei neca 


E lateral sepals nearly as iln narrow, free or in Sealy connate sd 
1 " emit etals rather shorter » "a labels = m ae 

E e sepals, narrower than in P. patens, the erec very concave, 
E but neither gibbous at the base nor ‘clawed, the et cà very 


Dx 


slightly raised margins towar 


tani 
Loi sain’ ! snis 


940. . CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [.Prasophyllum. 


narrow lanceolate ; the inner Tei not distinct at the base, showing 
d of the erect part and thence 

continued to near the end of the laikini in a thick voe Ae illose centre, 

leaving a very narrow plain oie. m or occupying vids breadth ; 
nd 


TI 
‘the breadth however of the erect part and its esas abrupt or 


ualinto the narrow lamina very variable. Lateral appendages of 
the column ein tn d ovate-oblong, entire or irregularly 2-dentate, the 
outer margin often ilated at the base. Anther eom as long as the 


. Tasim ii. 12,:t. 112 ; Re ichb. n Beitr. 18; 
RE alpin m, R. Br. Prod. :818, Lindl. l.c. 515; Hook. f. te ii. 12, t. 112; 


Reichb. t Beitr. 19; P. affine and P. rostratum, sva 


V qe and. Jucbef! 8 Prem Moreton bay, Lathes 

S. Wales. Port Jac n, di Brown; Bathurst, Wool ; Emu plains, A. Cun- 
ning New England, C. re 

oria. Port PR Bobertson ; trae oa Grampians, Munyong mountains, 
Gips puer F. Mueller; Murray river, 

nia, Table mountain (Mount Wellington), R. Brown; Rocky Cape and 

Hampshire h hills, MR. 
P rod Pine Forest, Behr; from various localities on St. Vincent's Gulf, 


grandi iflorum, flowers 4 to 5 Lows AA m" with the narrow petals and sepals 
P peculiar labellum end of P. fuscum.—Mudgee, Woolls ; Pine Forest, Behr. 
sts are erred £u in distinguishing two species, but. m as i the cha- 


ois at the base, hoge y T Se as free ; Ar cen in Hook. f. l. c. ii. i3) s Ses 


character. € y F- Esch ds P. alpinum has a strong smell of Hyacinths, and 
P. fuscum is inodorous. But the Mediterranean Orchis vow ora, for instance, has 
three varieties, a sweet-smelling, a deett et and a — e, which in 


"s on 
` the fresh state I sot unable otherwise to distiigiiak: The first of the flower of a 
ane cette P. fuscum, o fa light green in P. alpinum, appears also to be very 
: inconstan 


"8. P. liihechlsiá, Benth. Stems 1 to 2 ft. high. Leaf-lamina 
slendet, sometimes short as in P. brevifolium, sometimes elongate d. 
ary 


the rather rostellum. Anther shorter than ‘die Miro shortly 


and obtusely acuminate. 


1 
i 
i 
I 


Prasophyllum.| CXX. ORCHIDEJE. 84 


W. Australia. Darling range, Collie; Swan river, Oldfield; King George's 
Sound and adjoining districts, Oldfield, F. Mueller, Muir. 


P. ovale, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 04, Gen. and Sp. Orch, 510. Stems 


rather slender, above 1 ft. high, the leaf-sheath and ‘lamina a 


otherwise free, the petals scarcely shorter. Labellum sessile, the erect 
portion about 2 lines long, concave, of nearly equal breadth or ed 


Australia. Swanriver, Drummond, 1st coll. i 
Var. triglochin, Reichb. f. Beitr. 60. Leaf-lamina short. Flowers scarcely 2 lines 


long, the lateral sepals quite free from "e base, the inner plate of the labellum ending 
nd. 


less abruptly.—W. Australia, Drummo 

10. P. tachyum, R. Br. Prod. 918. A slender plant 
usually not so tall as P. ovale, but sometimes much resembling it or 
usually rather distant in a long spike. Ovary narrow-turbinate or oblon 
Lateral sepals about 2 lines long, lanceolate-subulate, acute, broad and 
shortly united at the base (or sometimes quite free ?); dorsal sepal as long 
or rather shorter; iderably shorter, lanceolate, acute. Labellum 


W. Australia. King George's Sound, R. Brown, F. Mueller ; Swan river, Drum- 
mond, 1st coll. ; Gordon river, Oldfield. 


t x 


rot. 9. Popocuitus.—Labellum obtuse at the base, on a short ` 


distinet horizontal claw, but continuous with it and with the base of 
the column. T 


P. Fimb : 
and size of flowers of P. elatum, but with a very different pus 


middle; petals not nearly so long, linear. La long as the 
Sepals, truncate at : à distinct narrow horizontal claw of 
about 4 line, the lamina broadly oblong, slightly contracted at the bend 


ll. P. Fimbria, Reichb. f. Beitr. 60. A tall species with the habit 


942 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Prasophyllum. 


second plate with scarcely prominent entire margins. Lateral appen- 

dages of the column falcate, as long as the rostellum, with a small 

booth on the outer margin,— P. giganteum, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 12, not 
Li d 


ustralia. King George's Sound, F. Mueller; Kalgan river, Harvey; Swan 
river, i nh mond; Gordon, Harvey, Swan, and Murchison rivers, Oldfield; Swan 
river, Preiss, n. 2215. 

12. triatum, R. Br. Prod. 318. Stems an exceeding 6 in., 
the loaf-eheath rather long, the lamina subulate. Flowers about the 
size of those of P. patens, in a raceme of 1 to Di in. Ovary oblong- 
cylindrical. Lateral sepals united to near the end, narrow, acuminate, 
about 3 lines long; dorsal sepal rather shorter, narrow, concave; petals 
nearly as long as the sepals, lanceolate. Labellum fully 2 lines long 

val- 


oblong, concave, the lower half erect, the upper half recurved, with 
undulate margins; the inner plate broad i n the lower half, reduced 
A ; 


aye s. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, 
F. T be perl 
13. P. parvifolium, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 54, Gen. and Sp. Orch 
517, Stems slender, 9 in. to above 1 ft. long, the laf above the middle 
of the stem, with a short slender y Flowers resembling those of 
: striatum, in a loose raceme of 2 t narrow-oblong. 
Sepals about 34 lines long, the Jatera o ones ii diluted 


nate to t 
but otherwise free, the 


d Au. Beas river, Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 2220; Cape Leuwin, 
oe 

14. P. gibbosum, A. Br. Prod. 318. Stems from under 6 in. 
near lft. long, the leaf-sheath long, with a narrow linear nets 
Spike rather ense. Lateral sepals united into a lip of about 2 lines, 
obtuse, very concave, projected at the base into a sack or short and 
very obtuse e spur; dorsal sepal as vens obtuse, nearly similar in texture 
to the lateral ones ; petals nearly as long oblong-line ar, tapering into 8 

w. Labellum nearly as long as ther sepals, y fies Han or linear- 


Prasophyllum.] CXX. ORCHIDE. ; 943 


ho Australia. King George's Sound, R. Brown, also in Drummond's collections, 
n. 5006. : 


. P. cu 
probably a varie 
of 1 to 14 in. 

of P. gibbosum, but the broader white lateral sepals with their saccate 


Caudicle very long.—P. gibbosum, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 13. 
W. Australia, Drummond, n. 443 ; Preiss, n. 2211; Gardner river, Maxwell. 
I have great doubts whether this be really distinct from P. gibbosum, f Brown's 
it. 


specimens look very much like 

SECT. 39. GENOPLESIUM.—Labellum obtuse or contracted into a 
claw at the base, articulate on a horizontal claw-like basal projection of 
the colümn. Stem slender, the leaf almost or quite reduced to a sheath- 
Ing bract. Flowers very small. 
ry closely 
pe and pro- 
y prove to characterize varieties 


h a 
. "ud oes l- 
rather than species, or even to be individual, although mostly verified on pe dni 


tipped wi 1 about 1 line long, broadly 
pped with eg gland, the dorsal sepa u ": b pus 


anceolate, acute. Labelium articulate at the end of $ 
Projection of the column and said to be moyeable, ovate or ovate-oblong, 
about 1 line long, almost acute, slightly contracted at the base; the 


344 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Prasophyllum. 


inner late ce occupying about 3 of the breadth and extending to 


the en appendages of the column almost as long as the petals, | 


acutely ibd « at e end. Rostellum rather long. Anther shorter, with 
short fine inflexed point difficult to see and sometimes wantin ng.— 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orc 513; mane f. Beitr. 19. 
N.S. Wales. Port Jac Woo 
Tasmania. Oyster Ceres Mitigan; Southport C. Stuart. 
S. Australia. Port Lincoln, 4 


the inner ' plate with raised margins Pei ng t e greater part of its 
breadth. Column very short below ther, the lateral appendages 
about is line long, Msn te or 2-fid. er mucronate, rather long 


Stigma much shorter, with a minute rostellum.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 513; Reich. 1 f "Beitr. 20; P.nudum, Hook. f. Fl. N. Zel. i. 242, 
Fl. Tasm. ii. 14, t. 113 (partly). 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, DEM, 

E: = Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brow 

Wilson’s » Promontory and W detai Port Wi Roten the lateral appendages of 

the feat almost ———— . Mueller ; Station Peak, Fullag 

Tasmani t, Archer 

Var.? mue wih a MEAM aolum, but the small narrow sepals and pet tals 
poe to ut ather those of P. rufum than of P. nigricans.—Port Jackson, Woolls, 

The gon is also in New Zealand. ^ Genoplesium Baueri, R. Br. Prod. 319, 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 21, of which no specimen appears to have been preserved, is founded on 


asophyllum, and appears to me rather to belong u^ me aj iig ge than to the following 


ed, re- 
Lig in e species correctly as to the po gs, E the Zia apait ana T 


18. P. brachystachyum, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 513. Nearly 
allied to P. migricans, with the same habit, but raat known by its 
much hehe lighter coloured flowers, whi h A re again distinguished 

of P. rufum chiefly by their siz ize. ikes 1 usually short and 
e acuminate, but with- 


out the distinct f igricans, scarcely dilated or slightly 
gibbous at the babes poen sepal shorter and broader, but not nearly 
so broad P. nigricans. Labe articulate on a short basal pro- 


I 
inn of the column, lanceolate, neither ciliate nor fringed; the inner 
plate forming thick raised lines within the margin. Column about as 


1 


COURS TRENDS AENEAM A CIE 


Prasophyllum.] CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 345 


long below the anther as the anther, the lateral appendages of the 
column unequally 2-lobed, the inner lobe usually acuminate, the other 
0 d 


Tasmania. Circular Head, Rocky Cape, Hampshire hills, &c., Gunn. 

P. nudiscapum, Hook, f. l.c., from Hobarton, seems to me to belong to this species 
rather than to P. rufum, although in some measure intermediate between the two; 
the flowers are however too far ad ] to determi tely th ions of t 
rts. 


Ls E 


19. P. despectans, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 13, t. 113 A. Stems 
afidon leafless except a sheathing bract of about 3 in. below the spike. 


Tasmania. Sandy soil near Hobarton, J. D. Hooker; Cheshunt, Archer; South- 
port, C. Stuart. 


about 
6 to 8 in. high, with an erect leafy braet above the middle. Flowers 


nate, striate. Labellum articulate at the end of a basal projection of 


N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, Woolls. 


21. P. Archeri, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 14, t. 113 B. Rather taller _ 
than P. fimbriatum, the leaf reduced to a sheathing bract with a short 
erect almost subulate lamina close under the inflorescence. Flowers 


spike rarely 1 in. long. Ovary oblong, recurved. Lateral sepals nearly 
3 lines long, of the shape and with the basal dilatation of those of 
P. fimbriatum; dorsal sepals and petals shorter, ciliate. arti- 
culate at the end of the basal projection of n, oblong-linear 


and fringed with long hairs as in P. fimbriatum, but more tapering 


346 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Prasophyllum. 


towards the end. Column fully 4 line long below the anther, the 

lateral appendages longer than the anther, bifid, the outer lobe coloured 

like the petals, the inner lobe thin white and rather shorter. Rostellum 

shorter than the anther. | 
Tasmania. Cheshunt, Archer ; Oyster Cove, Milligan. 


C. Stuart in Herb. F. Muell. A slender plant, 
r pa 


Tasmania. Southport, C. Stuart.—The analytical details given as those of P. 
nudum (P. rufum, Br.) in Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. t. 113, appear to me to have been 
drawn from a flower of the present P. intricatum, but I have not met with any speci- 
men from which it can have been taken. : 

23. P.W. 
above 6 in. long, the leafy bract smali and distant from the inflo- 


eria Wales. Blue Mountains, Miss Atkinson, a single specimen in Herb. F. 
ueller. 


34. MICROTIS, R. Br. 


opened out near the stem and continued in a closed sheath down the 
tem. Flowers small, gre r whitish, usually numerous in a ter- 
minal spike, to a bend immediately above the ovary the 


Mierotis.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 947 


The genus extends to New Zealand, wie in a single species to New pneter = : 
Indian Archipelago, and S. China, Of ‘the six Australian species, one 
New Zealand, another is the same as the. pire ck ie one, the iade ae a8 - 
endemic. The hab = the genus is that of the small-flowered Pras 
liar — s the same; it differs chiefly in the small rostellum oo eral appen- 
dages of the oat umn per the want of any long caudicle to the pollen-m. 
si sepal bro i and very concave; lateral sepals recurved. 

at 


ate. 
Flowers above 1 line long. eon m with a tubercle or callus 


on the disk near the end, the margin usually cris . 1. M. porrifolia. 
Flowers scarcely 1 line. Labellu oie Lore callus on dio 
the disk except at the base. Eastern s species ; 2. M. parviflora, 
"um about 1} lines. Dorsal sepal not so broad as in the fore- 
g- Labellum entire. Western species 3. M. media. 
ice) sepals revolute. Dorsal sepal acuminate, contracted at the 
base. _Labellum broadly ris fang r frin, ged .. 4. M. alba. 


“orm sepals spreading: but not recurve 
sepal very broad and ota 'Labellum entire, broad, 
DM quadrate, not callous. Flowers about j line long . . 5. M. atrata. 
Dorsal sepal not much broader than the lateral ones. abe um 
contracted in the middle. Flowers about 1 line long . . . 6. M. pulchella. 


porrifolia, Spreng. Syst. iii. 713. Usually tall s stout, 
e 


ruin but sometimes slender with the flowers distant in a long spike. 


“ee 

TE 
i 
S 


Hook. f. l.c. ; M. frutetorum, Schlecht. Kinrise; axi 


Queensland. Burnett river, F. Mueller; Moreton bay, C. Stuart. : 
S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mou ntains, 2. Brown, A. Cunningham, 


wi 
Wels and others; New England, C. Stuart. 
ct From Vale, Robertson, to IM Land, 


oria. Portlaud, Allitt, and Wendu Vale, 
F. Mueller, and in many other collections from various parts of the Colon 
T Abundant throughout the island, J. D. Hooker, and óthetk 
oe rom the Murray to St. Vincent's Gulf, J^ Mueller, Behr, and 
othe 


, The species is also in New Zealand, and «a to be = commonest form in South- 
Eastern Australia, not extending to the tro pu Pa Mueller proposes to unite it with 
the ud following ones under the name o 

M. parviflora, R. Br. Prod. 321. A more slender species than 
" porrifolia, the leaf and especially the sheath much narrower, the 
flowers smaller and less crowded in the majority of specimens although 


348 CXX. ORCHIDER.  Mierotis. 


sometimes this character is reversed, as in beri described by Bro 
both species having varieties or races ; with crowded and with sweated 
inflorescences. Dorsal sepal broad, obt tuse, concave, scarcely above 


anther.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 395 ; Endl. E t 15; Bot. 
Mag. t. 2377 ; Hook. n Fl. Tasm. ii. 25; Rein hb. f. Beitr. 


Quee NETS Port Bowen, R. Brown; Waist river, F. dd weenie 
and veigiborool Bowman nO Shanesy ; Moreton bay, €. Stu 
. S. es. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, E. Bro y others; 
Macleay m oro t New En à C. Stuart; also in Teihana? 8 4 collet, 
Gipps’ Land, nf Mue 
Mian à abr Hea da 


Var. densiflora. Flow umerous in a dense spike of about 2 in., the dorsal 
sepal i broad ; [perhaps a a e distinct species 
ustralia CM ond, Ath or 5th coll. n. 117, and perhaps the same from 
King George' 8 ode iste 


s Caledonia, ol bena f ope aan and South Sanna 
is ps only tropical ‘representative o of the F. Mueller unites it with 
porrifolia as h is; and Woolls, th p supplied the Muellerian Rude 
p" very  specime oth species, also suggests that they may n 


u 8 ot 
really distinct. They appear, however, at any rate to be well-marked varieties. The 
minute differences in the form and the calli or papillose protuberances of the labellum 
may very often be eis tue ui and those above described in the two species must 
not be ino um asc 

M. B. miana, Reichb. k Beitr. 24, from Sydney, R. Brown, does not appear to 
me to b ime from M. parviflora 


the rather narrow leaves of the larger specimens parviflora, but 
the flowers are considerably larger, much recu pao. Dorsal pin ap 
not very broad and somewhat Seded at t r in 
shape to that of M. alba § Ap linge de long ; ‘fon ‘sepals duh and 
revolute; petals still shorter. Labell ually narrow, trunc 
retuse, the margins entire or slightly sri Column ’ with promi- 
nent auricles.—Lin . and Sp. Orch. 5 par Mag. t. 33785 
reor f. Beitr. 23; M. Brownii, Reichb. f. Bei 


Australia. King George's Tor R. B pira “ham um Blackwood rivers, 

Oud Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. ; Mürdhin river, Oldfield. 
This, the Western representative F the two preceding species, appear s to have been 
pues by Lindley in his M. rara, and forms part of F. Mueller’s above- mentioned 


4. M. alba, R. Br. Prod. 321. Stem usually tall, often above 1 ft. 
high. Leaf with a long sheath and the lamin a often exceeding PS 
spike.: Flowers numerous, much incurved, county white ‘phen 


MATE IET VENAE C ET 


í 
; 
- 


Mierotis.] ` CXX. ORCHIDEX. 349 


faleate, acute, concave but less hood: sha Apes than in M. Perera 
and contracted at the base, 14 to 2 lines = or in some 


pa arts, and yo. a pair of marginal calli below it. Column with 
very prominent narrow auricles.—Lindl Gen. and Sp. Orch. 396; 
up ja Beitr. 23. 
tralia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, R. Brown, Oldfield, 
FL Mueller oe others ; sere in to Esperance bay and Cape Le Gran d, Maxwell; 
Swan river, Dr "ummond, 1 coll. 
e specimens from various collectors have smaller flowers, with a narrower 


5. M. atrata, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 54, Gen. and Sp. Orch 395. 
The smallest of all the species, NET only 3 to 4 in. high and rarely 
exceeding 6 in., of a bnght when fresh, but usually dryin 
gang p especialy the flowers. Leaf usually short, but the long sheat 

almost to the inflorescence. Flowers minute, in a rather dense 
ie of 3 to 13 in. Dorsal Ton concave, very obtuse, about j line 
ta 


= 


strie.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 6; M. minutiflora, F . Muell. Fragm. 
i. 90. 


Victoria. Portland, Allitt ; near og Adamson; Grampians, F. Mueller. 
stralia. King George's Sound, R. Brown; near Perongerup an d Mount 


: W. Au 
. Clarence, F. Mueller ; Sieh river, Drummond, 1st coll, n. 852, Preiss, n. 77408. 


6. M. pulchella, R. Br. Prod. 921. Stem slender, under 1.ft. high. 
Leaf narrow and short. Spike not dense, rarely 2 in. long, the bracts 
very small and the pedicels AK short, the flowers arog of a yellowish 

1 - d " r 


bearing a - oblong thickening towards the end. Capsule ovoid.— 


Reichb. f. Bei 


Ww. vba pet George's Sound, R. Brown, mmond, n. 307 
` Lindley does not appear to have examined this very distinct species, of which there 


950 — CXX. ORCHIDER, [ Microtis. 


is no specimen in his herbarium, but only a tracing of Bauer's drawing of it; the 
Eastern specious he mistook for it appear to me to be referrible M. porrifolia. 


9 
85. OR saan TEN R. Br. 


hor 
or duos into a large concave débil in or fringed lamina closely 
reflexed. Colum n short, erect, variously: thickened under the stigma 


Flower solitary, sessile within the leaf or very ate ‘pedicellate, pe 
small subtending bract usually close to the leaf. 
The genus is also in New Zealand and soe "rad I ipelago. The Australian 


mos are all - emic. lcannot a v h Reichenbach f. in reviving Salisbury's 
name of 9 e und of. prio of general publication. It has been univer- 
sally rejected as havi n suit pitoogl? described a d figured, and falsely charac- 


zed from the éuipeetión of a drawing of Bauer's with Brown's name attached to it, 

s was well known at the time, and was published on authority which could not be and 

was not denied. In the following descriptions ave been obliged to take from 

Bauer's m ished drawings some details which it was impossible to verify from dried 
cimen 


Dorsal pu with a narrow linear claw as long as the eal 

lamina. ae without basal spur, the tube broad, 

lamina very shor 1. C. unguiculata. 
Dorsal "on gradu wm contracted towards the base. Labellum 

slightly 2-gibbous at the base, the lamina large, reflexed, con- i 

e denticulato, or fringed - . 2. C. fimbriata. 

Dorsal sepal with a broad base. "Labellum 2-spurred at the base, 

broad an Mai ee boue with a irem recurved con- 
vex margin . 8. C. bicalcarata. 


1. C. unguiculata, R. Br. Prod. 328. Leaf rather more ovate than 
in the two following species. Ovary rather long. Dorsal sepal abruptly 
contracted into a linear claw of 2} to 3 lines erect at the base and then 
much incurved, the lamina nearly orbicular, concave, about 3 lines 
diameter ; lateral sepals and petals — GÀ ar, sometimes nearly as 
long as the dorsal one but variable. Labellum rather longer, the tube 
ovoid, oblong, incurved, somewhat inflat de not unlike that of the 

corolla of pi species of Digitalis, the orifice very shortly and pe mc 

expanded into a denticulate lamina, with a "v ngitudina. broad 
line inside. Column very short. simie he wings qao a lower 
oblong reflexed lobe, as in several. species of sitate —End). Iconogr. 
t. 18; Corybas wnguiculatus, Reichb. f. Beitr. 

N. s. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. we 

I have only n" three specimens of this species, all very small, one in Herb. R. 
Brown in the same sheet as one of C. bicalcarata (referred by Reichenbach f. by mis- 
take to C. pruinosa, C unn;) the two others in Herb. A. Cunningham, also mixed with 


TUO ee ee ee s 


Corysanthes. | CXX. ORCHIDEX. ; 351 


the very distinct C. bicalearata, a specimen of which was unfortunately sent to Lindley 
under the name of C. unguiculata, and represents it in his Herb. where the true plant 


2. C. fimb 1 
A small qeu, usually drying black, rarely 2 in. high including the 
rbicular-cordate, about 1 in. diameter, usually thicker 
B veins 


but longer than in C. bicalcarata,  Labellum-tube much narrower than 


conspicuous, the lamina reflexed, very large, varying however longer or 
shorter than the tube, concave with inflexed fringed margins, the disk 
reticulate and hairy inside along the centre. Column very short, much 
thickened under the stigma, but not winged.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 393; Hook. f, Fl. Tasm. ii. 10, t. 117; Corybas pruinosus and 
C. fimbriatus, Reichb. f. Beitr. 42, 43. 


R. Brown, A. y oth 
Cunningham, as, quoted by Lindley, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 393, distinguished two 
species, C. fimbriata, with a much incurved obtuse galea, and C. nosa, with a more 
erect mucronate galea. In the dried specimens those with an erect galea are quite as 
obtuse as the others, and in that state it is impossible to distinguish two distinct forms. 
The specimens of Corysanthes were a much mixed in Her unningham, two or 
even three species laid down on the same sheet, and none named by him C. pruinosa. 

. . Labellum lamina rather shorter and denticulate only, not bordered 
by long cilia or fringe, but the teeth very variable. C. diemenica, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 

ch. 393. 


Victoria. Port Phillip and Sealer’s Cove, F. Mueller; Wendu Vale, Robertson. 
Tasmania. Common in various parts of the island, J. D. Hooker. 
S. Australia. St. Vincent's Gu 
W. Australi 


y 


ubulate, sometimes minut 


_ in the upper part, incurved and concealed under the dorsal sepal, taper- 


852  . CXX. ORCHIDER. — 


S 
t. 88 incorrect as to dota - Reich. 
etn Brisbane river, Moreton $65 ^s phe ican acto: Thozet. 
Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. Cunni ingham ; Paramatta and Cur- 
Hati Soole. 

Salisbury's above quoted plate contains rude copies of Bauer’s three figures of the whole 
plant, with analytical details inc onr ers rrowed. er Salisbury’s story of the 
withered sp ecimen from Lady s garden, and the dried specimens, of the two other 

ction or not cannot m e Positively ede, but if SA existed, 


die an observer to have eere the tu rs nature of the labellum, dd to have 


so grossly misdescribed seh erg m characters which he had misun erstood from a . 


asty inspection without study of Bauer's original Peles n as he had mistaken the 


. colouring which was there only indicated by Fm 


36. PTEROSTYLIS, R. Br. 


its insertion on the claw into an — ge eit er very short an 
o inde or longer linear incurved and forked or penicillate at the end 
with a tuft of — or more sete or cilia. Column AEE within the 


E anular.— Terrestrial bebe with small underground tubers. 
eaves ovate, in a tuft at the base of the flowering stem or in à 

c: tuft or at a jm mig time of year, the stem-leaves either 
scales. Flowers sati green o often ti tinged or streaked with red or 


pedicels. 


dorsal sepal, it [o con tee t ura to describe them separately for 3 


of 


« 


The tie is chiefly Australian; one of the Australian species extends into New — 


cu dl M a ue pu MER E - 


Pterostylis.] CXX. ORCHIDEJ. 353 


Caledonia, another into New Zealand, where are also a or six species not Australian, 
the remainder of the genus is strictly ‘endemic in Australi 

da 1. Antennszea.- Lower lip erect, the lobes or their points embracing the 
g à 


d ae —F lowers Met x (usually above 3 in. and never under 4 in.) 
solitary sep and very rarely 2). Labellum-appendage linear, penicillate 
fen) ith 2 or 3 Dristlo lees lobes at the end (the cilia very rarely and abnormally de- 


Labellum-lobes narrow. Flowers above 1 i ong . 1. P. ophieglossa 
"Labellum-lobes short and broad. Flowers n rs lin. long 2. P. concinna, 
Labellum beea at the end. 
Fi 1 in. long or more. Lobes of ve lower H lanceo- 
late with an acute sinus t the 
Flowers erect, curved only at or above the 
Labellum very obtuse. Galea slightly i erar the 
point obligue . . P. curta. 
Labellum acuminate. Galea much curved at the 
middle. The point horizonta 4. P. acuminata, 
Flowers much curved below the middle so as to appear 
— the point reflexed . 5. P. nutans. 
Flowers 4 to 3 in 
Lobes of the lower lip lanceolate, with an acute sinus 
between them 6. P. pedunculata. 
Lobes of the tied lip ‘separated by a broad truncate sinus 
with an inflexed tooth . P. nana. 
Leaves crowded at the eie of the flovering-stem, passing gra- 
ually into stem-leaves or sca 
Flowers (of P. nana) 4 to 3 in. ‘Lobes of the lower lip trun- 
oes mone ated by a pi sinus, with an inflexed lobe or ab 
jid 8. P. pyramidalis. 
Foren x in. or in ' Lobes of the lower lip lanceolate, 
d ute sinus. 
Flowers glandular papilloso oe pac a ade A P aulis 
Flowers quite glabrous outside 10. P. furcata. 


Lower leaves reduced to scarious scales which pass into linear 
or lanceolate scales or e es, the largest either subtending 
the edicel or next to 

Points of the se als. strai 
Labellum énding in filiform ach — at the end. 


Lower lip truncate between the ; 11. P. grandiflora. 


Label: deed witha slender 
point. over bg notched or we an MU sinus be- 
tween the ] 
Leaves — ancenhte Flower above 1 in. long se P. _ 
Leaves ve Flower under 1 in. long 3. P. pracox. 
up LT poi Flower in. long d 
te between the lobes . 14. P. obtusa. 
Ponts: of ü the pul and of = lower- rli lo lobes recurved i in o 
posite directions. Flower large 15. P: recurva. 
Series 2. Parvifloræ.—Flowers 2 or- more very ra dy only 1. 


bellum-appen- 
dage ioe entire Aad oak 2 or 3 ied: Stems leafless at the time of Maris, except 
empty sheathing bracts. 

Sepals with ts points. Labellum shortly —— at Pen base, 

I with fu dae appendage between the lobes . 16. P. om 


354 CXX. ORCHIDEZE. [ Pterostylis. 
Me acute -— very ves oe Labellum-appendage 
hort and narrow, with 2 or 3 17. P. parviflora. 
Bids: d kde "Tateliam-appeniage very “short obtuse and 
Toi n . - 18. P. aphylla. 


Secr. 2. Catochilus.— Lower ibo; refleced from the base or recurved from 
middle, the short or narrow. Labellum-appendage entire and obtuse, tir ra 
almost obsolete 


Flower large, solitary. Labellum —— or filiform, 
bearded with long hairs, glabrous at the 
Leaves broadly lanceolate, crowded at the ase of the stem, 


diminishing upwards . 19. P. barbata. 
Leaves short eene acuminate, nearly equally distributed | 
along the . 0. P. turfosa. 


Flowers several under i in. long. 
a radical sep persistent or fading away before 
ring, those of the stem reduced to scarious sheaths. 
Sepals all obtuse, the in lip shortly 2-lobed 21. P. mutica. 
pak va ae or rarely Sog fine Tms the lower lip 
. . 22. P. rufa. 


Stems RIAM vithout a radical rosette, 
-Leay r linear- = eolate. Column-wings nearly 
pecie. . 23. P. longifolia. 
cm lanceolate. Column wings with an “oblong lower 
lo estern specie . 24. P. vittata. 


. ANTENNRA.— Lower lip of the flower erect, concave, the 
iN eem ng over the galea and embracing it by their: points, which 
often extend far beyond it. 


SERIES 1. GranpiFLor#.—Flowers large and solitary at the end 
of the scape or stem, or very rarely 2 (only 2 biflorous specimens seen 
out of many hundreds). Labellum oradin at the base into a linear 

appendage, curved up at the end and there terminating in 2 or 8 bristle- 
like lobes or ïn a tuft of cilia (penicillate). 


1. P. ophioglossa, R. Br. Prod. 326. Leaves in a radical rosette, 
shortly petiolate, ovate or broadly oblong, obtuse or mucronulate, 2 to 
y sede aa iy! bach i the transverse veinlets usually uniting in 


ards 
as long as the labellum, reflexed lobe of the wings oblong and obtuse, 
the erect lobe smaller lanceolate and acute. "adl Gen. and Sp. Orch. 
391; Reichb. f. Beitr. 35. 
A Port Curtis, R. Brown; Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. Mueller, 
Fitzalan, Bailey. 


i EENT E E E E T I ETE Saree E " =A 
WIRE. TEN re ee LER ee REOR a a Pe S EUR a Oe SOE ee ENS § SS ee ree EIE RET a Ray 


Se ee ee RE E 


ae 


ee ee ee TS ET AEREE 


= 


| Var 
long points. 


Pterostylis.) ; CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 355 


. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Harvey, Woolls. 
We have also what appears to be the same species from New Caledonia. 
2. vie ge Ti . Br. Prod. 326. Nearly allied to P. ophioglossa, 
but a smaller lant. Leaves s radical, under 1 in. long, ovate or broadly 


Beitr. 34, nor are they represented in the excellent t figure above mentioned, ‘The plate 
in Bot. ? id t. 3400 appears to me rather to represent one of the long-flowered forms 
of P. curta 

3. P , R. Br. Prod. 326. Leaves in a radical rosette, usually 
on long petioles, ovate or broadly elliptical, 5- to 9-nerved, from under 
li ps to 1 ng. Scapes 1-fowered, usually about 6 in. high, with 
1,20r3 Ls loosely sheathing empty bracts ee the one subtend- 
ing ibo terminal pedicel. Galea erect, about 11 in. long, ac by bit not 


acuminate. Lower lip cuneate, with roadly p e ch not so 


surface pape the basal appendage linear curved and penicillate. 
Colum o 8 lines long, with the basal projection rather long; wing 
with an bd pe oblong and obtuse, the uppe r lobe short and 
broad with a narrow point at t 
Orch. v Hook. f. h. Tasm. ii. 18; Bot. “Mag. t. 3086; Reichb. f. 


oe | 
Port Jackson, Caley, A. Cunningham, Woolls ; Liverpool, Leich- 


hen “yore Day F. Mueller. 
endu Vale, Robertson; Meibourne, Adamson; Darebin Creek, Mount 
eller. 


Diis E F. Mu 
4 ia. Port Dalrym Brown; common in UI P places, J. D. Hogar, 


asmani e, B, 
S. Australia: nl Ti and Bugle ranges, F. 
? grandiflora. Flowers above 2 in. long, the lobes of the lower lip ending i in 
aaa Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. Mueller; also in Leichhardt's col- 


. S. Wales. Paramatta, Woolls. 
n P. R. Br. Prod. 326. Leaves in à falios) tae 
ovate or broadly ape, and 5- : Topervad as in P. curta, aw d form 
A A9 


! 356 "CXX. ORCHIDEE. .— [ Pterostylis. 


of which this species closely resembles. Scape 1-flowered, 6 to 9 in. 
high with 1 or rarely 2 empty sheathing bracts besides the one em- 
bracing the tetuiinal pedicel. Galea 1 to 1} in. long, erect but much 


OW 
lip narrow cuneate, contracted into a claw, the lobes lanceolate and 
pe into long fine points embracing the galea. Labellum oblong- 
inear, tapering to a point. Column with a short basal projection, 
lower lobe of the wings broad and obtuse, upper lobe broad and scarcely 
prominent, with a — a at the front er —Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 391; Bot. Mag. t. 3401; Reichb. f. Beitr. 36. 
"A Wales. Port J ee to the Blue Pin qd R. Brown, A. Cunningham, 
000L8. 


ntans, R. Br. Prod. 327. Toast in a radical rosette, petio- 
late, ovate or elli al 3 to 1din. long. Scape 1-flowered, Gin. tol 
high, usually with a single long cox S^ sheathing empty bract penn 
; e under the terminal pedice alea nearly 1 in. long, 


flow ate in front; lowe 

bord id br ral cu neat the lobes long and lanceolate, tapering 

into long points em i 

z 5 5 urga long, the eed smooth but sometimes minutely ciliate, 
appen age narrow-linear, curved, penicillate. Column ? the 

s xe af the galea, the wings w with a broadly oblong obtuse lower "lobe 

and only a hi small upper lobe or tooth, the stigma usually long and 

conspicuous.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. ser 891; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 

18; Bot. Mag. t. 3085 ; Reichb. f. Bei na 

Queensland. Brisbane river, Moreton vage 

eer > MI Port Jackson to the Blue Pose H R. Brown, Caley, Sieber, n. 

5, and man 

Victoria. Portlan d bay, F. Mueller ; E. Gipps’ Land, Walter 

Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, Paterson ; common in shady paces in a poor soil, 

. D. Hooker, and others. 

S. Australia. Mount Gambier, F. Mueller. 


6. P. pedun R. Br. Prod. 827. Leaves in Poa rosette 
on ether long petioles, ovate or broadly oblong, 4 to 1 in. long, thin 
and usually 5-nerved. Scape 1-flowered, under or over 6 in. high, with 
2to4 oo sheathing empty bracts besides the one subtending the 

i h 


- 


var appendage rather long, B dde dilated at the end pe 


s with a long almost hair-like fux the lower lobe ee 
broadly lanceolate, tins —Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 391; Hook. É 
Fl. Tasm. ii. 19, t. 114 A; Reichb. f Beitr. 36. 


Pterostylis.] CXX. ORCHIDEJX. 357 


N. S. Wales. Cudgee, E. Cunningham; Grose river, Miss Atkinson, apparently 
oe wg species, although the basal appendage of the labellum has no tuft of cilia at 

e end. ^ 

Tasmania. Port Dalrymple,2. Brown ; abundant in shady places, J. D. Hooker, 
and others. 


usually only 4 in. and rarely 4 in. long & single empt 
eathing bract, which as well as the one subtending the terminal 
pedicel is usu o te and spreading than in P. pe lata 


e 
Galea as in that species but little above 4 in. long, erect, abruptly 
curved towards the end, but obtuse or scarcely acute in front. Lower 


tooth, the lower lobe oblong and obtuse.—Lindl. Gen. . Orch. 
391; Reichb. f. Beitr. 37; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 19, but not the plate 
114 B, which may perhaps have been taken from P. concinna. 

Victoria. Wendu Vale, Robertson ; Port Phillip, F. Mueller. 

Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; Woolnorth and Circular Head, Gunn ; 
Bagdad, Miss Forster; Oyster Cove, Milligan; Southport, C. Stuart. 

ustralia. ount Gambier, Mrs. Wehl. : 

W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond (doubtful); Blackwood river, Oldfield ; 

Monjerup, F. Mueller; Upper Hay river, Miss Warburton. 


8. P. p idalis, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 53, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 388. 
Very closely allied to P. nana and the flower almost identical in size 


na, and t 
P. pedunculata in which the lanceolate bases of the lobes are separated 
= by an acute sinus.— P. barbata, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 5, not of Lindl. 

eichb, f.) | 


W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond ; Gordon river, Oldfield ; Lake Muir, Muir. 


9. P. cucullata, R. Br. Prod. 327. Usually a low plant, rarely 
much above 6 in. with a single large flower. Leaves crowded at the 
base of the stem and sometimes s iris rosulate, often larger than in 
any other species, ovate or oblong-elliptical, 1 to 3 in. long, passing into 
_ lto3 empty almost leaf-like bracts, the one subtending the terminal 
_ pedicel very loosely sheathing, ovate-lanceolate, above 1 in. long. Galea 


ye CXX. ORČHIDEÆ. €: 


. , . i . ii. 19, t. 
P pou s Beir, 36; P. dubia, R. Br. rod. 328, Lindl. Le. ; ; 


Victoria. iu Phillip, C. French; Brighton ENS Gulliver ; Gipps’ Land, P. 
lle 


Tasmania. Port zm R. Brown; common on poor soil in shaded places, 

J. ^e Hooker and other 
ustralia. Mo sas round St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Mueller. 
2s rown's specimen of P. dubia, from Derwent DW is a very inepti one, but 
ears to be a wicker tate of P. cucullata. e Tasmanian specimens distin- 

guished by Lindley as P. scabrida ; the leaves are ges s and the Mot. wae what 
different from the ubl luxuriant habit of P. cucull ata, but the two forms pass too much 
into rent other to p^ distinguished as varieties. 


10. P. furcata, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch, 390. Very near P. cucullata, 
and perhaps a variety only, with a similar large erect. solitary flower 
from within a large acuminate loosely sheathing bract, but the lower 

e 


rinse is penta? gea. outside, and the lobes of the lower lip end 
in longer fine points embracing the galea. The ow hys of 
he flower is ihe same as in P. cueullata.—HM ook, f. Fl. . 20. 
Victoria? Some Jail from Plenty Range, F. Mueller, seem arida rather 
. to this ice me x 
rh rt Soroa and Deloraine, met Chudleigh and 
Cebin 3 prr ia p t ; Hampshire Hills, Mi illiga 
P. dubia, Hook. f. Fl. Ta asm. ii. e , t. 115, seems to belong to ais species rather 
than to P. Far to which I would is Brown’ 8 specimen so named. 
however, perhaps varieties only of one speci 


R 


ive the stem, lanceolate, acuminate e aif ees 
bom the beet elias ing the terminal baer ove 1 in. long, 
abruptly or forward about the middle, the na as well a 
dorsal sepals in front in short points; lower sa sigas the entire 
rt br sadly CUN fully 4 in. long, truncate as in P. na P. obtusa, 
Dinag a very broad straight and scarcely notehed kajie between the 
lobes, which are very shortly dilated at the base, tapering into lon 


linear at the aie; tapering into a long filiform glabrous point some- 
what clavate at the end; the basal appendage linear, curved, penicillate. 


ra E an, 


ery 


Pterostylis.] CXX. ORCHIDEZX. 359 


Column-wings with an erect linear acute lobe at the front angle, the 
lower lobe oblong, obtuse.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 387 ; Guillem. 
Ic. Pl. Austral. t. 6; Reichb. f. Beitr. 39. 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, Caley, Woolls. ' 

19. P. reflexa, R. Br. Prod. 327. Stems slender, 6 to 9 in. high, 
glabrous or min tely scab 
rosette of radical leaves at the time of flowering. Leaves or empty 


scales lanceolate, erect or slightly spreading, acuminate, under 1 in 
long in the typi , and none usually s g as the bract sub- 
tending the terminal pedicel, more leaf-like and longer in some ieti 


App. 53; 
Orch. Gen. and Sp. 888; P. pyramidalis, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 5, not 
of Lindl. 


a ee ar ee Mere ee 


N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Woolls, and others; New England, C. 
Stuart ; Mudgee, Taylor. 

Victoria. Grampians and Wimmera, F. Mueller; Little river, Fullagar; East 
Gipps’ Land, Walter. 

S. Australia. Mount Lofty ranges, F. Mueller. : : 

Ww. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 2203, and others ; 
Vasse river, Oldfield ; Hampden, Clarke; Grenough Flats, C. Gray. 
m the typical form the flowers are not very large, and the labellum has a long fine 

int, : 


. another, that I have been unable to sort the specimens into distinct varieties. It is 


possible, however, that their study in a fresh state may point out more appreciable 
. Characters. 


Pls from which species this one may be mos readily 
. distinguished by the narrow leaves smaller flowers and broader sinus 
; i rianth.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. 
. li. 91; Disperis alata, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 59, t. 210; P. alata, 
. Reichb. f. Beitr. 70. 3 


360 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Pterostylis. 
Wilson's Promontory, F. Mueller; Wendu Vale, Robertson (the speci- 


Victoria. 
mens in fruit et UN and ee doubtful). 
Circular Head, Gunn; Hobarton, J. D. Hooker; Flinders island, 


. obtusa 
about 6 in. high, without xis Ta leaves at the time'of 


ing scales. Galea lear 3 to near lin. long, besides the point hich 


E 9, t. 116 €; ae f. Bele. 


N. s. wW Wales. Port Jac kson, R. odis Woolls ; New England, C. Stuart. 
oe Common in the northern parts of the island, J. D. Hooker ; Southport, 
^ Stuart, 


15. P. recurva, Benth. Stems 1 to ll ft. high, rigid, 1- or some- — 
times 2-flowered, without any radical rosette, the lower leaves aer 4 


to small scales gradually i increasing to linear or linear-lanceolate leaves 
of 1 to 2 in., the bract subtendin, ng the pedicel more lanceolate and 
sometimes shorter. Galea erect, above 1 in. long, not very broad and 

not much curved, the dorsal sepal as wellas the petals ending in re- 
curved jeune apparently kefal rk in length; lower is as long or que 
thanthe a, narrow vided tothe middleinto lanceolate lobes 


erect an embracing the eren ie recurved at the end and wna i 


in pie points of 2 to 6 lines. Labellum pg sear towards the en 
but obtuse, the basal appendage linear, elongated, curved, bifid and 
patiki. at eis end, but the tuft consisting of very ’ few cilia. 

N. Australia, Drummond; Upper Hay river, Miss Warburton. —A well-marked 
species, of which l liowever I Mere seen but very few. specimens. 


SERIES 2, Parvir LORE. —Stems leafless at. the time of flowerin 


a different time of year, or i contemporaneous M a agat branch 
of the rhizome. owers under 4 in. lon ore in a raceme, very 


rarely. reduced to 1. Pes Nobel of the belli short, dut of | 


with 2 or 3 teeth or 


P. Daintreana, F. Muell. Herb. Leaves (only seen in an im- 
per state) like those of P. parviflora, small, ovate, in a radical rosette 
the side of the scape or flowering stem. Scape slender, above 6 in. 


AAT TIT CURE PPS 


= 


uet CXX. ORCHIDE È. 361 


the galea. Labellum narrow, obtuse and entir , Sagittate 
at the base with obtuse auricles and a small obtuse entire appendage 
between them ol reaching to the end of galea, the wings 


very broad with a small point at the upper front angle, the lower 
slender portion of the column bordered by narrow wings, the stigma 
scarcely prominen 

N. S. Wales. Nod Sydney, Daintree, very few specimens in Herb. F. Mueller. 

17. P. parviflora, R. Br. Prod. 327. Leaves in radical rosettes 
appearing at a diferent time of year from the flowering stem or if con- 
temporaneous in a tuft by the side of it, ovate, under 4 in. and often 
only 1 in. long, on a rather long petiole. Scape slender, 4 to 8 in. long, 
with 2 or 3 empty bracts or small etie leaves and a raceme of 
2 to 5 small flowers. Gale ea much NINOS xd 5 lines long, do 


Qucensiand, Brisbane at and seg island, F. Mueller. 
N.S. Wales. Port Jackson, 2. Bro Fools; Aitken Creek, A, Cunningham. 
Victoria. Wilson’s Puente F, 
nia. Port entis R. Ses; "Hio river, Oldfield; Hobarton, J. D. 
Mer pree t, Archer 


18. P. aphylla, Lindl Gen. and vd Orch. 892. A smaller but rather 
stouter pH « than P. parviflora, with the same foliage according to 
Archer and C. cna but the Beal tufts entirely gone at the time of 

owering. Stems 3 to 5 in. high, with 1 to 3 flowers, which, when 
more than one, front each other in a peculiar way as d ribed by 
C. Stuart and even apparent on dried specimens, but of which 1 see 


basal appendage of the labellum obtuse and undivided in the dosis 
N withoüt even the 3 short points figured by Fiteh.—Hook. f. 
m. ii. 22, t. 1 * 


Tasm: river, Oldfield; "pound Head, Gunn; Cheshunt, Archer; 
= river and plain i Southport, C. Stua 

T. 2. CATrocnILUS.—Lower zn i the perianth very spreading 

or retinui from the base, or recurved from the middle, the lobes short 


362 CXX. ORCHIDEE. [Pterostylis. 


or narrow. Basal appendage of the labellum-lamina entire and obtuse, 
or sometimes almost obso 


19. P. barbata, Lindi. Swan Riv. App. 53, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 388. 
Stems 1-flowered, fro ader 6i arly 1 ft. high. Leaves 
crowded at the base of the stem, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute 
or shortly acuminate, 3 to 1 in. long, sometimes extending halfway up 
the stem, sometimes almost rosulate at the base, passing more or 


B 
®© 
B 
c 
o 
B 
iq] 


points ; lower m linear, p spreading recurved or reflexed, the lobes 
TOW us de points. — Labellum 4 to ii in. long, 
linear-terete or filiform, Banat with long yellow lah except at the 
end, where it bears a broad glabrous nearly square complicate entire 
or toothed appendage, and at the base where it is glabrous, thickene 


the lower part of ‘the column very narrowly winged.—P. squamata, 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp: Orch. 388 ; Hook. f£ FL Tasm. ii. 90, t. 116, not 
of R. Br. 

Victoria. Wendu Vale, Robe dier. : 

Tasmania. Common in sandy s L4 JD. Hooker and others. 

s. o apu acres Mount Lofty Made F. Mueller. 

tralia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. ; King George's Sound, Muir ; 

7. (Stem F. Mueller. 


The species is also in New Zealand, 


P. turfosa, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 5. Stem short, slender, 
135 2d Leaves short, linear, dioa, ‘all nearly SM and equally 
distributed along the stem, the upper one or bract subtending the 
terminal pedicel rather larger than the others. Galea erect, much 
like that of P. barbata but with a long filiform point, the linear lower 
lip also with long points to the lobes. Labellum linear-terete, bearded 
with long rid hairs as in P. barbata, the end unknown, being broken 
off 


w. tralia. Stirlin bine Had n. 2632.—1 have not seen any specimen ; 
the above character is taken írom a sketch and description sent to me by Reiche nbach 
fil, and drawn up by him from the only known specimen now in the pa Herbarium 


21. P. mutica, R. Br. Prod. 328. Leaves in a radical rosette at the 
base of the flowering stem sometimes but not usually withering away 
at the time of flowering, ovate, very s geng petiolate or almost sessile, 
mostly $ to fin. long. Ste m 4 to Šin, high, with 1 to 5 empty sheath- 

ing bracts, ‘besides Es subtending the pedicels, all obtuse or the 


Pterostylis. ] CXX. ORCHIDER. 363 


upper ones acute. Flowers 5 to 10, in a slightly spiral spike. Galea 
broad, much incurved, obtuse, a out 3} lines long; lower lip little 
more than 2 lines lon; and at Eva as broad, concave, reflexed, with 


Queensland. Brisbane te Moreton cng F. Mueller, Meca pe 
ales. Port Jackson, R. Bro Woolls, and o ther ; Emu plains, 4. Cun- 
sitom "jg England, C. Buari y did to Illawarra, Busbhseie y Gabo island, 
endu Vale, ope Melbourne, Adamson ; Darebin Creek, Mount 
Disappointment, Grishin 8, F. Mue 
Common in sei past ures as well as in Pa oes sandy soil, J. D. Hooker. 
S. Peut, y Mount Gambier and Rivoli bay, F. 


22. P. rufa, R. Br. Prod. 997. Leaves in a radical rosette at the 
base of the stem, but most frequently withering away before the flower- 
ing, ovate, obtuse or acute, } to lin. long. Stem 6 to 10 in. 

it t 


duced in front into a fine point 10 lines long in the typical form, very 
much longer in some varieties; lower lip on a rather long basal p ro- 
por of the column, reflexed from it, broadly cuneate, 3 to 4 lin 


column | narrowly winged.—Lindl. Gen. an gd Orch. 390; Hook. f. 
Tasm. ii. UO WES 116; Reichb. f. pis 


Queensland. Rockhampton, Thoze 
rt Jackson, emos R. Brown, Woolls, and others; New Bog 


N. S. Wales, 

laud, €. Stuart ; Darling river, Dallachy ; Upper Bogan and Lachlan rivers, F. Mars 
ictoria, uray river, F. Mueller; Wimmera, Dallachy 

Tasmania, Port pis ae ; Meander river, C. mesi. 

S, Australi Mors and St. Vincent's gulfs, F. Mueller. 

W. Austr 
, The s vg ies nies ak | in stature, in the persistence of the radical leaves, in the 
size of the flowers, and especially in the length of the eps The Movie are 
es principal formi bir apt cute be distinguished mostly as species, but which pass 

ri 


adually into each o 


P. gibbosa, R. Br. Pd. ner Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 390; Reichb. f. Beitr. 41, 


964 CXX. ORCHIDEJ. [ Pterostylis. 


from Port Jackson, appears to me to be merely a tall-growing luxuriant state of the 
Loup short- m nted fo: 


river specimens have the sepa'-points Seid 4 in. long, and i o specim n Her 
F. j^ one rii: Queensland, Bowman, the os er ae Salt Cade preter 
F. Mueller, these points vary from 3 to Spade 1 in. in length. 


23. P. longifolia, R. Br. Prod. 327. Stems rather slender, but 
often 1ft. high or rather more, without any radical rosette, the lower 
leaves reduced to short sheathing scales, those at and above "the middle 
of the stem linear or linear- lanceolate, acute or acuminate, from under 
1 to above 2 in. long, very (REM sheathing at the base. Flowers 3 to 
7, in a terminal raceme. Galea 5 to 7 lines, more or less incurved above 
, acute or with a 
short point in front; lower lip reflexed, 4 to 5 lines long, oblon n8, 


process at the end, the basal R very shor übt use an Pal y 
erect. Column-wings very broad, nearly mure or ER hatchet- 
shaped, the EUM ‘ciliolate or entire.— Lindl. Sp rch. 388; 
i ok. f. Fl. Tasm. ii, 22, t. 117; Reichb. f. Beitr 
S. Wales DRE ackson to the Blue Mot € vee [650 Sieber, n. 160, A. 
and "ya Cunningham, and care others ; Illawarra, Backhouse. 
ictoria. Forest Creek, Mount Disappoi lota; Wilson’ 8 Vct depart Nangaita 
range, &c., F. Mueller ; Grampians, Fisher; E. Gipps' Lan "i vet : 
RM. , Common in dry soil in forest land, "D. 
S. + Mount Lofty range, between Mount ponas and Rivoli bay, 
F ale. 
"The species varies much in the length and breadth of the leaf, in the size of the 
flowers, he length of the lobes of the lower lip and the precise form of the heme 
especially of its terminal appendage, and it seems sometimes Malo f io pass into 


P. vittata. 


24. P. vittata, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 58, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 389. 
Allied to P. longifolia and like that phere without any rosette of “radical 
leaves to the flowering stem, but usually a stouter and much more leafy 

iem Stems 8 in. to above 1 ft. high, often angular in the dried state. 
ves lanceolate, narrow or broad, ‘acute, usually clasping the stem — 
ah rounded auricles, the lower one or two reduced to sheathing 
es. Flowers in a more compact raceme than in P. longifolia, the 
bracts more leaf-like. Galea 5 to 6 lines long, broad, very much 
curved near the base and above the middle so as to be quite helmet- 


1 
| 
, 
K 


- Pterostylis.] .CXX. ORCHIDEE, 365 


Shaped, with a short point in front directed downwards ; lower li 
rather broadly ovate, voe than the galea, concave, recurved, with 


short acuminate lobes ellum on a rather long claw oblong, about 
2 lines long, slightly o and emarginate or 2-lobed at the end, 

e margins ciliate, the basal appendage n more than an obtuse 
thickening of the base of the un ina, and usually with a thick seta or 
linear tooth on one or both margins just edes the base. Column-wings 


with an oblong lower lobe — vows at the end, hien rà of the 
dl. in Pl. Preiss 
S. Australia? Some specimens from ande le range, F. m "E p in e i.d 
barium sors others of P. longifolia from Third "Creek, under the name of P. pri 
sima appear to np se fad a vittata. 
ustralia, Drummond ; King George’s Sound and rr 
districts, Maxwell, Poe $ "2201, 2202, Muir, ‘Miss Warburton; ; Vasse river, Oldfield ; 
Hampden, Cla ~~ 
Thay a hea e to ascertain whether the form of the column-wings be as con- 
sandy y distinct om that prevailing in P. longifolia as it appeared in the few flowers 
exam 


37. S CARDAMA, R. Br. 


The genus is ie to Australia. Allied to Drakea, it is readily known by ne 
large e pet allike wings of thè column, — a kind of pouch open or closed by 
elastic wittons of the lid-like labellu 
Spe bed the labellum and lateral iod inserted at the base of the : 

n . 1. C. major. 
Claw « of the labelicm and lateral sepals inserted at the end of a basal 
projection of the c n. 7 
Leaf narrow linear. "pan ERES ee 
Leaf o ovate or lanceolate. Western species oe e nigrita. 


l. C. major, R. Br. Prod. 329. Leaf radical, linear or narro 
lanceolate, 9 2 to ái in. long. Stem often above 1 ft. bi h, with a singlo 
closely appressed empty s seva bract below the midd dle, and 1 to 4 red 

owers on very short pedicels, the subtending bracts 2 to 4 lines D 
Dorsal sepal narrow-linear, rather thick, channelled, erect or incurved 


366 | CXX. ORCHIDEJX. eee 


the cavity ape on the under side. Column 4 to 5 lines long, bordered 
on each side from the base to the anther with a petal-like coloured 
.G 


ing 
and Sp. Orch. 429; Hook. f. Fl. Tas 18, t. 107 A; Reichb. f 
Beitr. 44; Caleya major, Endl. [e feas t. 8. 
Queensland. Moreton bay, F’. Mueller 
Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Backhouse, Woolls; Blue Mountains, 
Maw Aiii; New England, C. Stua 
Mount Sturgeon, Mount Abrupt, Latrobe river, F. Mueller; Mount 
Wiliam, ‘Sullivan; e Land, ter. 
ocky Cape, esas oY Archer ; Southport, C. Stuart ; South 
Hoo Oe N. W. Bay, Milliga 


C. minor, R. Br. Prod. 329. Leaf radical, narrow-linear. 
ster about in . high, without any or Aro rarely w with a single T 
empty br bra Ag nl the middle. Flowers 1 to 3, much smaller than in 
C. major, on longer pedicels. Sepals p petals linear, nearly equal, 
4 to 5 lines base the dorsal one often dilated above the middle and at- 
tached as well as the petals immediately above the ovary, the lateral 
sepals however dtsehéd to the extremity of the basal projection of the 

column on each ud of the stipes of the labellum, which is linear and 
incurved. Lamina of the labellum peltate and convex, but narrower | 
than in C. major, and tuberculate on the surface, the upper lobe obtuse 
or shortly Sobad the lower lobe or appendage very short. Column 
about as long as t the sepals, the broad wing adnate also to the basal 
projection, which is at least half as long as the column itself and nearly 
erect whilst the column is more TOR e whole forming a broad 
sac or pouch. COE Gen. and = Orch. 199; M f. Beitr. 44. 

N. S Port Jackso Brown; New England, €. Stuart (a single 
H saorane in Herb. `F. Mueller differing i in “some slight Se dien from Brown's and 


adn. Hobarton, Gunn. 


C. nigrita, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 54, Gen. and Sp. Orch. 429. 
Leaf radical, small, ovate ot broadly lanceolate Stem about 6 in. 
high, wit thout any empty braet, Flowers 1 to 3 , on pedicels of 4 to 1 in. 
Sepals and petals linear, about 5 lines long, the dorsal sepal closely - 
appressed to the column and a pparently n e to it at the base, the 
etals very narrow, the lateral sepals attached as in C. minor to the ex- 
tremity of the basal projection of the column. Labellum with a claw of 
at least 3 lines, the lamina peltate, — es convex, tuberculate 0n 
the surface, the upper end or lobe twice as long as the lower lobe or 
appendage, both ends ibo] or emarginate in the specimens ; examined. 


Caleana.) CXX. ORCHIDER. 367 


Column nearly as long as the sepals, the broad wing adnate to the basal 
projection which is at least 2 lines long and forming a broad sac as in 
C. minor.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 11. 

W, Australia, Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 864. 


38. DRAKA, Lindl. 
(Spiculea, Lindl.; Arthrochilus, F. Muell.) 


Sepals and petals linear, the dorsal sepal erect, the lateral sepals 
and petals spreading or reflexed. Labellum articulate at the base of the 


gel distinct and nearly equally 2-valved. Pollen-masses granular 
ti : B Y . «d 


? 
herbs, with small underground tubers. Leaf solitary at or near the base 
of the stem, usually broad, or none at of ering. Scape 


n 
raceme, the subtending bracts small and narrow. Labellum almost 
hammer-shaped and very irritable. Ovary straight or recurved, more 
or less reversing the flower. í: 

The genns is limited to Australia, and is nearly allied to Caleana. The three species 
form one well-marked genus, the differences between D. (Spiculea) ciliata and the 
onginal D. elastica correspond to those which distinguish Caleana major aud E 
Labellum articulate at the base of the column, without any inter- 

vening projection. Column with 2 pairs of auricles. Stem with 

1 leat. - Flowers several: > o 05 08 Gh ce a es o E 
Labellum articulate at the end of a basal projection of the column. 

Lateral sepals adnate to the basal projection of the column. Stem 

eafless. lowers govOuL: (oW ee o opo si mis 

Lateral sepals free from the linear basal projection. Leaf radical, 

- Flowers solitary 200974 Boe Qm ori A 


1. D. ciliata. 


2. D. irritabilis. 
3. D. elastica, 


368 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [Drakea. 


recurved auricles, with a short triangular lobe at the base of each on 
the upper side. Stigma without - or only with a very short terminal 
point.—Spiculea ciliata, Lindl. iv. App. 56, with a woodcut, 
Gen. and Sp. Orch. 428; Endl. in a Pl Preiss. ii. 10. 

WV. Australia. Swan river, wiesen. 1st coll., 4th coil. n. 325. 


Queensland. Brisbane river, Misit bay, Y. Hill, F. didis C. Prentice; 
resign bay, Dallachy. 

C. Prentice collected in June, 1867, a specimen with bis maya An oo proceeding 
from a taft “of lanceolate leaves 2 or 3 in. lo ong. These may have been the or eei 
leaves of the plant, which appear usually ata different t time of year fr gai the flower 
but in this instance the plant had probably aia abnormally at the feafing time. 


3. D. elastica, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 55 with a woodcut, Gen. and Sp. 
Orch. 428. Tat " radical, broadly doe gules etl or almost is cn 


attached, broadly ovate but very convex and the sides emis y 


y 
folded back so as to conceal the under sicko the upper surface covered 


with short thick hairs or calli except the smooth tip, the lower lobe 
or appendage solid and fleshy, half as long as the upper one. Column 
e as long as the sepals, abruptly incurved in the mid le, wi 

w wings produced into auricles at the base and somewhat 


dilated under the anther, the basal projection of the column sup we l 


the labellum about 3 lines long and linear like the claw. ; Rostellum 


PETRE D US, 


t ats RETENIR ER 


nl ML MEC lr didus 


EA LE dicus 


| On s cures Sepals pe points," “Labellam i broader than 


Drakea) —— .CXX. ORCHIDER. 369 


the stigma erect and sometimes nearly as long as the anther.—Endl. in 
Pi. ine ii. 10. 
W. ralia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. ; Cape Leschenault, Oldfield ; 
King George's Sound, £F. Mueller, Muir ; known under the name of Hammer Orchis. 


39. ACA, R. Br. 


o 
the petals, sessile or Me 80, salda the margin entire, the disk 
smooth or pee ose, with or without 2 a nate calli or tubercles at the 
base. Column erect or es semiterete or 2-winged. Anther 
broad, erect, 9-celled, with broad outer valves, the connective some- 
mes produced into a sho int; pollen granular, but less so than in 


Besides the Australian 5s s whi ni are gern mic, there is one from New Zealand. 
The ge enus ig otv allied to Caladenia, but without the calli and fringes to the labellum 


of "ha genus, a different olii and the pollen in two at least of its species appear to 
be of the m solid consistence of that of hilus. 
Pem m Muret Sepals with fine points. Labellum oblong- 
a ate. 
Flowers rt ith a filiform point of T PRI 
ipli o À Dorsal sepal De with a z VOR | 


"duda 3 to 10; Dor áal sepal with i oint ander 9 
Dorsal ques ovate-lanceolate. Labellum with 2 deco lines 


on the surface 2. A. fornicatus. 
eve shpal lanceolate, ‘contracted at the base. Labellum 
mooth on the surface 8. A. exsertus, 


4. A, viridis. 
* A. caudatus, R. Br. Prod. 991. Stems slender, sometimes fili- 


rarely above ] in. long. Flowers 1 to 3, of a dark colour, on sho 


E pedicels within small bracts, Dorsal sepal tapering into a filiform point 


aj —Lin 
. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 397 ; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 25, t. 119; Reichb. f 
itr. 26. 


varyi ng from 4 to ae : in. long, not very broad in the lower part, 
ig contracted Again the base; lateral Xp shorter, filiform, 


Pparently more granular than in the two following species. 


VOL. V1, : BB 


370 CXX. ORCHIDEJZE. [ Acianthus. 


Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A, Cunningham, Woolls ; Blue Moun- | 
wins, M Mus Atkinson. 4 
ania. Common in moist shaded woods, J. D. Hooker. 


2. A. fornicatus, R. Br. Prod. 321. Stem Slender, 6 to 8 in. high. 


sepal ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 4 lines long, erect, incurved, concave, acute 
and the midrib produced intoa fine Sis of 1 to 14 lines ; lateral 'sepals 

nearly as long but linear, with a long point and angular toothe 

on each side of the point, close together or ihórdy united ph the 

labellum ; petals lanceolate about half as long as the dorsal sepal, with - 

a short point. Labeilum much shorter than the dorsal sepal but variable 


ar in A. exsertus. Anther with a very short point. Pollen 

etica (in the ibe d 4 in each cell, of the somewhat solid 
consistence of ZEriochilus but obtuse at the base, and perhaps puri 
Aes at a later a Stigma very prominent. —Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 

rch e Endl. Iconogr. t. 16; Reichb. f. Beitr. 25. 

Que and. Brisbane river, Morvton bay, F'. Mueller ; reb die bay, Dallachy; 
Mount W ate Thozet. 

N. ales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Sieber, n. 159, and others. 

F. Mueller, Fragm, v. 96, unites this and the following species under the name of 
A. Brunonis. 


3. A. exsertus, R. Br. Prod. 821. A slender delicate plant, much 
MT uy A. fornicatus, but smaller. Leaf deeply cordate, ovate or 


jene and often sinuate as in that species. Flowers rather smaller, 
3t e raceme, ys „ponen very short. Dorsal sepal slightly 
ineurved, concave oe w and m uch ontracted at the base about 


rotruding forwards Nod ine dorsal sepal. Pollen of A. fornicatus.— 
Lind en. and R Orch. 397 ; Hoo . f, Fl. Tasm. ii, 25, t. 119; 
one e Beitr. 25. . 


N. ales. Port Jackson, Bauer, Woolls, and others ; Blue Mountains, Caley; 
New MA C. Stuart 
Victoria. Wendu river, Robertson; Seeler's Cove, F. Mueller; Portarlington, 


Acianthus, | CXX. ORCHIDER. 371 


Tasmania. Circular Head, Gunn; Cheshunt, Archer; Southport, C. Stuart; 
Um" St 
faceres Lofty Range, F. Mueller, 
. „Some specimens from Port Phillip, F. Mueller, have very much reduced e 
either with much enlarged or with very small bracts, all probably abnormal stat 


viridis, Hook. . Fl. Tasm. ii. 372. A small grim the e corinne 
ow the m 


long and very obtuse. La 2 lines lon ng, | essile, rhomboidal, 
paneave, slightly undulate, e ed with 2 calli at the 1 base but I could 
t clear rly see them in the only flower I could examine. Colum 
t as in Caladenia, Pollen not seen 
pip. Base of Mount Wellington, Gunn, Oldfield. 


40. ERIOCHILUS, R. Br. 


Tec or very n 
Anther erect, not mucronate, 2-celled, the outer valves large, folde 
over and concealing the small inner valves; pollen at eMe powdery 

granular but much less so than in crm and usually seen in 4 
distinct and almost smooth masses in each cell, contracted at one end 
into points or short cau dde .— Terrestrial glandular-pubescent or hairy 
rarely glabrous herbs, with small underground tubers. Leaf solitary at 
the base of or higher r up the stem, ovate or ficit. Flowers pink or 
white, 1 or more nearly sessile on a scape or peduncle, without empty 
bracts above leaf, each flower subtended by a short loosely sheath- 
ing ovate bra 

The genus is pd to Australia. In all the flowers examined in which I have 
found the pollen-masses still in situ, their consistence has been much more solid and 
less granular than in any of the allied genera except Acianthus. F. Mueller, however, 
odas n the fresh state no difference between the pollen of Hriochilus and that 


eat t ie Mite 2 Sanaian pub Labellum without : 
broad. Ste andular-pubescent. um withou dione t 
lateral lobes, iu midi rs ovate-oblon "e 5 tern species. 1. E. autumnalis. 
Labell llum with small erect lateral lobes, the middle lobe nearly 
estern species. 
Leaf maeri Stem villous i 1 un UN scaber. 
‘ Leaf narrow. Stem glabrou . 8. E. tenuis. 
o lef mae Sh way up the stem, "Plant nearly glabrous. Western 


Labellum middle-lobe ovate-oblong. Flowers rarely above 3 . 4. E. dilatatus. 
BBZ 


372 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. Eriochilus 
meine ee —Án " — more Y 
than . 5. E. multiflorus. 


l.E E ossis, R. Br. Prod. 323. A ae plant, rarely ex- 
ceeding 6 in., more or less glandular-pubescent. Leaf f radical, ovate, 
ers , usually dying away before the time of flowering, but occasionally 


still persisting at the base of some flowering specimens. Flowers pink, 
solitar ee or 2 or3 rather distant, the subtendine bracts loosely stieathises 
1 to 2 lines long, and no empty ones on the scape lower down. Dorsal 


sepal see slightly incurved, narrow-lanceolate, wl scarcely con- 

tracted at the bas e, 3 to 34 lines long; lateral sepals ha If as long m 

very acute, ellipticadstaaioeolite! contracted into a distinct often "glen 

stipes ; petals dete shorter than the dorsal E linear or ue 
cde 


Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 26, t. 120.A ; Epipactis eueullata, pud PI. No v. 
Holl. ji. 61, t. 211, £ 2; :” Eriochilus "Pucullatus, Reichb. f. Beitr. 97. 
Queensland. Bri T ER ne ae Moreton bay, W. Hill (with smaller ^ ers). 
S. Wales, Port Jackson,. R. eo ese oe frequent in the “doling? A. 
Cunningham ; f i England, Leichhar 
di Wale e dw Phillip, R. Brown; from the Yarra to 
Gips band, E Mueller and 4 
Tasmania. Port Dalrym a R. M common in open and somewhat dry | 
ground throughout the island, J. 1 
S. Aus tralia Near Mount Burken, E Mueller. 


E. scaber, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. v and Sp. Orch. 427. 
Closely allied to Æ. autumnalis, usually but n t always shorter, not so 
slender, and hairy with Ava transparent h Leaf radical, 


i. erwise with the same pr veia ons. Labellum- di eget pro- 
duced into small erect rounded lateral lobes, the lamina or middle 
lobe almost orbicular, very convex and ensely er . Column not 


e 1 
anther. Pollen-masses Dtm and m contracted into caudicles as — 
in Æ. pec mnalis.— l. Preiss ; 

W. Australia. bie Hayn iver, Miss gelo; Perongerup, F. Mu eller; — 
Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 2207. (whic I have not seen) ; Murchison 
river, Oldfield Y 1 

E. Lindleyi, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 10, from Swan river, Preiss, n. 2206, which : 
have not seen, is distinguished by the shortly pedunculate less ern flowers, but re A 
=i only a slight variety of E. scaber, to which it is reduced by Reic chb. 3 


. E. tenuis, Lindl. — Riv. App. 53, Gen. and Sp. Orch A. 427 
inue very slender, 3 to 6 in. high and single-flowered in ui the T 


Eriochilus.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 373 


specimens seen. Taif radical, but much narrower than in the two 
pour dire lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate and almost obtuse. 
` Dra , acute lower o ize 


ct smal f the size of 
sepals and petals not so broad, and the lateral lobes of the labellum 
carcely prominent. Column on on the angles as 8 
valves of the anthers as in Æ. sea E Pl. Pre 


W. Australia. Swan river, ERU 1st coll. ; King George's Sound, Muir. 


4. E. dilatatus, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 53, Gen. and Sp. Orch. woe 
Stem glabrous or nea arly: s S0, usually rather above 6 in. Leaf at 


or Py 3. resembling mon of E. autumnalis. Do nia pal 3 to 31 lines 
long, oblong in the upper part, contracted below the middle ; lateral 
8 


claw ; pon about as long as the domal sepal but narrower. 


— 
e 
o* 
oO 
Je 
cot 
= 
[17] 
loot 
ba) 
dE 
[em 
[=] 
D 
o 
m 
E 
- ZZ 
f 
= 
fe") 
S 
a 
[e] 
> 
eb 
2 
fer) 
1 
© 
[vx 
— 
© 
z 


e longer than broad, very 
nvex and. recur T ube iani pak Column jii r winged nor 
ie Paten valves pubescent outsidb, minutely ciliate on the 
e ges 
tralia. Swan river, Mangles; Cape Leeuwin, Collie; Kalgan river and 
bis E gre ell. 
latifolius. Rather larger; leaves lanceolate. Flowers 2 to 4 and rather longer. 
E atl Lindl. H. ce—Swan river, Mangles. 
Var. brevifolius. Leaves smaller, ovate-lanceolate.—S wan river, Drummond; Mur- 
kison iia OL ib ld. 


t ig or more, the flowers more numerous and rather smaller, 
sometimes above 10 in the spike or raceme. Labellum with very small 
lateral lobes or teeth at the end of the claw, the lamina or middle lobe 
ceu much € than broad, and usually as long as the claw.—, 
Endl. in Pl. Preiss 

W. Australia. ries river, Drummond, Preiss, n. 2190; Forest Hill, Muir. 


41. LYPERANTHUS, R. Dr. 


Dorsal sepal broad, concave, erect or incurved over the column ; 
lateral ne and petals narrow, erect or Pn t all — ec ual 


middle lobe ovate or sicher del recurved, the claw or disk between the 
lateral lobes longitudinally thickened in the centre, the — of the: 
lamina or middle lobe papiliose. Column erect or incurved, not winged. 
unther terminal, erect, 2-celled; pollen-masses, gran nular. Terrestrial 
herbs often drying black, with small ages ice tubers. Scapes 


Ll 


374 CXX. ORCHIDEJE. [Lyperanthus. 


tems ta more-flowered, either with one radical leaf and 2 or 3 almost 
len liae mpty bracts, or with about 2 stem-leaves. Bracts usually 
rather Aen and leaf-li 
Reduced to the two fo iine species, both of them csse in Australia, the genus 


appears more eii distinct from Caladenia, with w roposes to 

unite it. It differs in the broader r galeate upper sepal, is ven of calli on the labellum, 

and the wingless column, and i in habit the single empty of Caladenia is replaced 

- by 2 or more | omewhat leaf-like br. T 8 at ata 

s however th wu sepal, the wo on the labellum, v the winged column 
aladenia, and are correctly transferred to that genus. w-Caledonian speci 


pl one from the Auckland inita require fur "ther i a to determine theit 


Leaf radical, dac oec with 2 or 3 empty sheathing-bracts. 


Flowers 2 to 4. bellum lamina fringed 1. L. nigricans. 
pre usually 2, ue elliptical or Taneotates » Flowers 3 usually i E 
ore than 4,  Labellum lamina not frin nged SU, L. ellipticus. 


l.I. nigricans ans, R. Br. Prod. 325. Stems Kir a few inches to nearly 
1 ft. T rather stout, the whole plant drying black. Radical leaf 


(X4, and s ; 

Pen ok. f Fi im ii 16, t. 106 B; Reichb. £ Beitr. 33; Caladenia 

^ aparece E f. Beitr. 67 ; Leptoceras pectinata, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. 
not of Lindl. 


N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, A. Cunningham, and others. 
Victoria. Between Melbourne and iy ver F. I gt Creek, v 
ia. Forest near George Town def 


This appears vió ls one iet Hint species which, like some of our European terrestrial 
Orchidez, have a wide geographical range, but are often very rare in each locality. 


2. L. ellipticus, R. Br. Prod. 325. Stems erect or decumbent, 6 
to 9 in. high, without any radical leaf, but usually with 2 narrow-ovate 
elliptical or Mali i acute or acuminate leaves gter up, both very 
variable in 1 to lj in. long when broad, longer w en narrow. 


 Ylowers more bud and nearer together than in Z. nigricans A ng 


Lyperanthus. | CXX. ORCHIDEX. 375 


spreading or recurved. Labellum abov f as long as the sepals, with 
a short broad erect concave claw, the lateral lobes obsolete, the middle 


N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, apparently rare, Caley, A. 
Cunningham, Miss Atkinson, Daintree, Fitzgerald. 


49, BURNETTIA, Lindl. 


Anther erect, 2-celled, the outer valves broad; pollen-masses granu- 
ar.—Terrestrial herbs with small underground tubers, leafless at the 
üme of flowering except empty sheathing scales. Leaf solitary at a 
different time of year. Flowers few. 

, ihe genus is limited to a single species endemic in Tasmania. It is very near Cala- 
denia, with which Reichenbac roposes to unite it, but from which it differs in 
habit and in the longitudinal plates on the labellum, as well as in the consistence of the 
Perianth and its more connivent segments. i 


l. B. cuneata, Lind 
iin. high, with several sheathing empty scales, the lower ones short 
and imbricate, the upper ones distant, loose, often 3 in. long, o gute 
png into the acute bracts subtending the pedicels. Leaf (whic 


Tasmania. Rocky Cape, Gunn; Woolnorth, Oyster Cove, Macquarrie Harbour ; 
Milligan ; Southport, C. Stuart. 


376 CXX. ORCHIDER. [ Cyrtostylis. 


43. CYRTOSTYLIS, R. Br. 


Dorsal sepal linear or linear-lanceolate, erect and incurved, concave; 
lateral sepals and petals very narrow , spreading, nearly equal i in length 
to the dorsal sepal, or the petalo shorter. Labellum with a short claw, 
flat, undivided, entire, with 2 calli at the end produced into raised 
ved, win 


Anther terminal, erect, 2-celled; pollen-masses granular distinctly 
cohering in asses.—Terrestrial F pae rbs. Leaf solitary at 
the base of the stem 4 ies broad and spr reading. Dies e without any 


empty bract, usually bearing a raceme of leveral flower 


Besides the Australian species there are two in New Zealand. n genus is very 
near senes nia, with which Reichenbach f. iiei it. “The habit is more that of 


1. C. reniformis, R. Br. Prod. 322. A small delicate giai 
plant. Leaf SUB icu or reniform, radical, sessile, the lamina 
varying from under $ to 14 in. diameter. Scape from under 2 in. hig 
and 1-flowered to 6 or 7 in. with 4 or 5 pale red iiim Bracts sub- 
tending the Verdi ey broad loose and truncate, or rarely acumi- 

nate. Dorsal sepal 4 to 5 lines long; lateral sepals ui especially the 
petals often — nd very narrow. Labellum nea pid " long as the 
dorsal sepal, Ls emarginate or with a short point, the medial 


and many others; southward to Twofold bay, F. Mueller. 
ps — Wendu Vale, Robertson ; Portland, Allitt ; Station Peak, F. 


Pee wee oe Common in open and somewhat dry ground throughout the island, 
ooker 
S. Australia. Encounter bay, Lofty Ranges, and other localities, F. Mueller, 
"m 
r. Huegelii. Bracts mig acuminate and the labellum usually narrower. C. 
mcg ari in PI. Preiss. 
. Aus King George! s Sound, Collie; Vasse river, Oldfield ; Upper Hay 
river, beds Clarke; Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 862; Rottenest island, Preiss, 
n. 2204. 


44. CALADENTA, R. Br. 


M RE PEE NIE VP RERO 


Caladenia.} CXX. ORCHIDER. oe 


lateral lobes when present d the middle lobe or upper part of the 
einne labellum recurved, t Ari re often fringed e or aT zs 


into a point. Pollen-masses granular.— Terrestrial herbs, usually 
len, with small underground tubers. Leaf solitary, linear-lanceolate 
or oblong, from within a "anm sheathing scale close t und. 
Flowers solitary or very few in a loose raceme, on 

leafless except a small narrow gemi scale or empty wor about 
the middle, and a similar bract under each pedicel, and in one species 
the radical leaf and empty bract are deficient. Flowers sou erect, 
variously coloured. 

Besides the Aust ipe species which are all endemic, there are three from "New 
Zealand, or two onigi r the C. bifolia to Chiloglottis. The ¢ genus is a difficult - 
one, not only as to the ene o of t Sinita to be assigned to species, especially 
from dried specimens, in which the precise e of the labellum tan cen not be ascer- 

pem : : itrary. V ight almost 

equally well does generically some of the fo owing sections, sapeciallf ‘Leptoceras 

nd Pentisia, or with Reichenbach fil. add to them by the in incorporation of Glossodia, 
and some others. 

Secr. 1. Leptoceras.—Sepals acute or rather obtuse, the dorsal one erect or in- 

curved aid concave. ee erect, linear-clavate, longer than the sepals (not exceeding 
them in the other sectio 
depen much longer than the EPE Labellum not — the 

18 2 to 4 row alli 
Petals réther longer Tha the sepals. Lalellum. very broad, 
nged at the end, the disk without calli . 


1. C. Menziesü. 
1:6. NEF 
Secr. 2. Shen hilus.— Sepals eia or Si acuminate, the dorsa 
incurved a meave, erect behind the co or refleced with it. peur ped, 
with deeply veloiiead diverging veins, oa ided o or with @ very 8 and obscure 
n scarcely eic Labellum on a short claw, not 
ged; calli in 2 rows, the lower ones linear-clavate, the : 
3. C. Cairnsiana. 


up Sori 
Sepals shortly ac ninate. — Labellum on a lon ng claw, ‘not 


fringed; calli few long and clavate, the lower re con 4. C. multiclavia. 
Sepals ee all reflexed as well as the oiii. 

Labellum on a short c beer rv short, Ir and : 

Mad crowded . . C. discoidea. 


short points, the dorsal one 


» Onda i in acuminate, with o lp pr 
isk with 2 or more rows 


ie incurved, Labellum inconspicuously veine 


Papal polit usually long. Lateral lobes of the e fringed 


oothed, sometimes passing into t e middle lo i 
afi ow-linear. Calli of the labellum in 2 rows . 6. C. fllamentosa. 
Leaf linear-lanceolate. Calli of ~ label i in 4 to 6 rows - C. Patersoni. 
Sepal-points n sually long. args f the labellum very 
prominent = entire ; calli in es h Prot , 
Leaf narrow-lin Eastern specia. -o n er nne S C. clavigera 


378 CXX. ORCHIDEJ. [ Caladenia. 


Leafovate-lanceolate. Western species . . . . . . . 9. C Drummond. 
Se ppt usually short. 
oblong or lanceolate. Labellum sessile, broad, undivided, : 
fringed wi th 4 to 6 irregular rows of calli. 10. C. hirta. 
Leaf narrow-linear. Labellum o a distinct claw, the lateral 
a po 


the claw all c ded pom ones MORE the centre F 
of the disk 11. C. Reet. 
Leaf narrow- oblong or Janceolate, ` Labellum « on à long 
the : ateral lobes narrow fa'cate; one long clavate cis at 
the top of the claw, vay : shots r linear ones, and 2 lines of 
small ones on the middle lobe . . s : 12. C. Barbarosse. 


Secr. 4. Eucaladenia.— Sepals acute or obscurely acuminate, rarely obtuse, the 
sal one usually erect and concave. Labellum inconspicuously veined, the disk with 
d or more rows of calli (sometimes arranged or united at the base almost in a semi- 
circle). 


dete large, erudi Labellum -— —— 3- semis the 
calli alm semicircle . 13. C. flava. 


hie. 
Leaf oblong or lanceolate. Labellum deeply 3- — oP — 
calli in 2 short rows, more or less converging 


circle. 
Calli all free. . ‘ & us vl. icu dd. D. leifoba. 
i B: 15. C. reptans. 
Leaf very long. La bellu m with the lateral lobes small, ‘the 
calli short and thick in 3 m the rest of the disk covered 


Sepals WP De s $ in. or more. Middle lobe of the 
abellum etd UU. PU 16. 0. snaveblenk. 
dg c and polais little m u » than ji in. Middle lobe of the 
abellum usually toothed . . 17. C. serrata. 
Leaf narrow-linear. "Lapis with the lateral lobes broad and 
obtuse. 
Sepals and petals € usually 6 to 8 lines “~~ Calli 
of the labellum in 2 rare — in 4 rows . 18. C. carnea. 
Sepals and oeiia much contracted at the ba ase, 
usually ers ines ees Calli of the.labellum much 
irregular rows 19. C. testacea. 
Pu ua Saree dines: Labellum with the lateral ‘lobes falcate, 
almost acute ; - phori rt, densely crowded 20. C. congesta. 
Leaf none on the fl ring s stem er llum "with the lateral 


nd lo ee fi fente, alpes acute ; calli ear dante, in 2 rows . 21. C. aphylla. 


PR cr in HN or slightly hairy. 
Labellum breadly sessile, lateral lobes kio and obtuse, 
middle lobe anoeolate calli in 2 ro 
af lanceolate-linea astern species © © > . 22. C. cerulea. 
Leaf narrow- fon estern spec 23. C. Iri 
Li with a lon linear-cuneate iiim: lamina ovate, ob- 
pa obed ; 5. Ped nd crowded . . 94. C. deformis. 
Leaf l eolate, silky- Dooa. Flowers large. Labellum 


cu eri, equally 3-lobed; calli in about 4 row © : 26. Q. sericea. 
Sect. 5. Pentisia.—Sepals and JE ese obtuse and nearly equal and all sprata 
Labellum and column very short ; small and numerous in longitudinal row 
Flowers blue. Labellum broadly ovate, undivided . . 26. C. gemmata. 


Flowers (yellow ?). (EIEEE "— ovate, » almost acuminate, 
obseurely 3-lobed + « « 27. C. ixioides. 


Caladenia.] CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 879 


Sect. 1. LA TAROURAD, R. Br.—Sepals acute or rather obtuse, the 
do or one erect, or incurved and concave, the lateral ones spreading. 
Petals erect, si eri nou aai Wu than the sepals. 


av ate, more or less bees Rak vA A or 4 rows. Co 
father broadly winged.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm, ii. qi t. 121A ; Leptoceras 
Menziesii, Lindl. € and TE ie rad Endl. in Pi. Preiss. i ii. 6; 


Victoria, qid anie; "Aj ce river, Robertson; Bunip Creek, F. Mueller. 
S. Australia. Guich , F. wo y 
Aus stralia. Kin oe ges "f s Sound and adjoining districts, Mot € Obs elt 
a n.2213, and several others; Eun. river, Oldfield, Preiss, n. 2212 ; 
mon 359. 
Brown distinguished two species, C. Menziesii, with short leaves and two rows of 
calli to the labellum, and €. macrophylla, with long leaves and four rows of calli. 


r to me to be at all me gga by any constant difference in the foliage, in the 

8 (iem of the calli, or in any other 

2. C. fimbriata; Reichd. f. Beitr. 65. Glabrous or sax! 80, 6 in. 
to 1 ft. high. Leaf Sene z us ‘small and -rarely above 1 in. long, 
ovate-lanceolate or obl ong. deg usually 2 or 3, rather distant on 
erect pedicels of 3 to 2 in. ` Dorsa sepal oblong-lanceolate, a cuminate, 
concave, erect, about 4 lines dias itera sepals about as long, lanceo- 
late, acuminate, spreading or re ; petals erect, line a r-clavate, 
longer than the sepals but not near em so long as in C. Menziesii. abel- 
um half as long as the sepals and broader than l ong, truncate and 
fringed at the broad end, consisting of the very broad lateral lobes, 
with a very small short and broad middle lobe, either set or slightly 
fringed or toothed, the disk without any calli—Leptoceras fim 
and Z. ^ ectinata, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 53; en and 2 Or 416. 

W. Australia. Swa r, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 856.—This is only species 
ilvai a calli on the label, bat it is evident! y foe dy P llied to C. ensien to be 
Seuerically separated from 


Sect, 9. PALEBOCHILUS.— Sepals obere or iq nn agement 
the doni one incurved and concave, erect behind the or 


flexed with it. Labellum broad, with deeply coloured diverging iple 


380 CXX. ORCHIDEX. | [ Caladenia. 


or forked veins undivided (consisting entirely of the lateral lobes) or 
with a very small and obscure middle lobe. 


hn mpi F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 31. Stems Dairy, rather 
tender, about 6 in. high in the specimens seen. Leaf lin Flowe 
sol Sepals and petals € linear, about 5 lines Tong not Mon 
used into depen cem with dark purple lines. Labellum about as long 
as the sepals, on a very short claw, broadly ovate, consisting chiefly of 
the broad lange lateral: lobes $5018 marked with on) Ts ae 


curved vd the base, broadly winged upwards 
tralia. North of qeu tuse F. Mueller. 


Crow 


. Aus eritis, Drummond, ~ Reic 'henba: = on iet here € is um- 
mondi n. 440, which, angu in Herb. "Laudi. r represents a form of s e" ter. 

r. brevicuspis. Points of the sepals much shorter, the dorsal s 
d the petals less dilated than i - un prin! & Tx the s at the bos, of the labellum 
free or nearly so, long and cl. —W. A lia, Drummond. 


. C. Sere Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 52; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 498. 


and 
A pe pics dt Bo or near the centre, thick, lenf or 
, the lower ones often lon Aen clavate. mbi narrow an 
ieutred at the base, broadly "aped in the upper half.—Endl. in Pl. 
"gl L87 
7. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll—I have not seen Preiss’s 
icem 


$ 


Caladenia.] CXX. ORCHIDER. 381 


undivided ; the disk with calli more or igs distinctly arranged in 2 o 
more longitudinal rows. 
6. C. filamentosa, R. ma ie 324. Stature sp inflorescence of 


the typical €. Patersoni ery nearly allied to af narrow- 
linear, Sepals with the te MS C. Patersoni, but usually rather 


o 
margins more or less fringed but usually smaller and narrower, the calli 
varying in thickness be always in 2 rows only along the disk.— Hook. f. 
- Lasm. ii. 27, t. 121 B; Reichb. f. Beitr. d C. filifera, Lindl. Swan 
pp. e , Gen. d Sp. Orch. 421; Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 8; Field 
Sert. Pit C. denticulata, Lindl. ll.ec. ; Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 9. 
= 8 Wate Mudgee, Woolls. 
mania. Port Dalrymple, Paterson, R. Brown ; ; George Town, Archer ; South- 
zi “C Stuart. 
Australia. voli bay, 7". Mueller 
w^ Australia. ED George's Soand and adjoining districts, F. Mueller, Muir, 
and others ;* Swan riv t, Drummo nd, 1st coll. 


Var. pallens. Pilies apparently rn ee quinte of he Sir sedi not so d nor so 
fine as A the ordinary C. filam —Swa r, Dru 2, Mylne 

The entosa may be, as su e ed ra ; V. Modos one of the nume iei is rm 
of C. Patersoni, chiefly prev: alent in wW. pEi bnt the Ppa constant reduc- 
tion of the calli to 2 rows is accompanied by a difference i iage which may jus tify 
_its retention as a species, subject, epe to further Y ERR of living specimens. 


í ©. Patersoni, ; R. Br. Prod. 324. More or less hairy and from 
under 1 ft. to near 2 ft. high, the upper portion and flowers often 


à pa ale aid hiss outside and aoa or. ane a i dae the calli and end or middle 
lobe of the labellum usually ày sometimes the whole 'disk of a rich purple. The 


989 CXX. ORCHIDEX. ' | Caladenia. 


following are the — forms this species assumes, regarded by Lindley and others 
fend distinct mab t passing too gradually into each other to be clearly marked out 
dri 


a T bellum with broad lateral usually pale- pama deeply fringed 
i the middle lobe ovate, dark-coloured ; calli very numerous in several rows. 
Sepal ints v ei long, especially i in the Western specimens. C. dilatata, R. Br. Prod. 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 422; Hook. f. Fi. Tasm. ii. 27, t. 122 B; Reichb. f, 
Beitr. 82; C. fila mentos E a lc. 421, not of R. Br.: € longicauda, Lindl. Swan 
Riv. eu 52, t. 8 A ur» and S p Or ch. 4 422; Endl.i n PI. Prei 
N. S. Wales. Port Bekil iod Blue sans Woolls ; New Engl and, C. Stuart. 
Victoria. Melbourne and Yarra Yar Adamson, Walter ; from the Grampians 
to Gipps’ Land, F. Mueller, and others. 
Tasmania. Circular Head, Gunn; forest lands near Cheshunt, Archer. 
ce n age ein e Range, F. Mueller. 
. Australia. g George's Sound to Vasse and Swan ri — d, 1st 
coll., yal 129, 439, 440, veas. n. poci —— Td many other ~ Apparently a 
com stern species, know e of “Spider Orchis,” an mi pa ally with 
remarkably pe e ran to the ME. ei ik ecd » 8 of the labellum fens p ad, 
and mudh fi 
Vart Labellum usually ovate with fringed margins gradually tapering into 
the broad recurved erenulate undu ^ or shortly fringed apex or middle lobe, the 
lateral lobes bat little prominent or quite obsolete. Calli of the disk very prominent or 


it by F. Mueller, pow critically working up 1n their native country, where alone it 
can be ascertained how far hybridism may rts contributed to the Soto of different 
hir 8 or s tesa — Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 28, t. 123 
. S. Wales. Cle ‘Wools ; Mri lisse river, Rf Mueller. 
Victoria. Grampians, F. Mueller ; Beatie Hinter 
Tasmania. Port Dalrymple, Paterson (E. Brown); eei dm throughout the 
island, J. D. Hooker. 
S. A Several specimens from the neighbourhood of St. Vincent's Gulf, 
F. Mueller, and others, belong to this form 
Mi llida, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 421, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 28, from Circular 
M c is a slight, variety of C. Patersoni, with a paler ea fringed labellum. 
C. p» and €. tentaculata, Schlecht, in Linnea, xx. 569 and 5 ould appear, from 
the diii ions d to be among the innumerable forms et by this species. 


; Lindl. Gen. and T Orch, 499 Stature 


always clavate at the end; petals shorter and not clavate. 
der 4 in. long, the broad yellow lateral lobes quite entire, the purple 
middle lobe either entire or slightly crenate towards the base; calli in 
about 4 rows as in C. Patersoni.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 28, t. 222 A. 
N. S. Wales. Near Bathurst, A. Cunningham 
oe Ballarat, Glendinning ; Malden , Mrs. Ne 
Circalar Head, Gunn; fan river, odes Flinders island, Mil- 


HJ 


Caladenia. | CXX. ORCHIDER. 383 


9. C. Drummondii, Benth. Our specimens small, the leaf broader 
for its length than in any other species of Caladenia, ovate-lanceolate, : 
$in. [43 and 1 in. broad, but not yet og developed. Fewer solitary 


arly of C. hirta, about 4 in. pv inclu & ine the point which is shorter 
than or snout as long as the dilated part, dark-coloured with the dilated 
argin whitish, Labellum nearly of C. clavigera, closely sessile, the 


ond.—Without much of character in Ba f 
flower, this species differs fee ‘the whole pem; in the p of its leaf. nly 
known however from two specimens of Drummond's in Her ooker. 

10. C. hirta, Lindl. Swan Riv. . 59; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 421. 
Very hairy and often above 1 ft. hi i "ho root more creeping than in 
most species. Leaf oblong or lanceolate, 2 to 4in. long. Flowers 2 or 

more or less pink. Sepals and petals 3 3 to lin. long, irregularly 
acuminate, but the points much shorter than in €. Patersoni, and always 
` shorter than the dilated portion. Labellum at least half as long as the 
sepals, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate , obtuse, undivided but more or 
less fring He c the middle u wards, contracted and erect at the base, 
recurved towards the ang cali linear, more or less regularly placed in 
6 rows. Column winged upw wards. Anther with a prominent 

pnt —Endl. in Pl. Pow ii. 9; c. mollis, Endl. ia 8, according to 

gp f. 

tralia. river, Drummond, 1st coll.; Toodyay and Kalgan river, 
Ouid; ‘stirling range, P Mueller ; West Mount Barren and Salt river, Maxwell ; 
also Preiss, n. 2213 and 2218 (Reichb. mu fs 


e 
Flower solitary from a sheathing ose of 4 or 5 lines. Sepals and 


1 line, the lateral lobes very large pr ác lig ue, not fringed, 
i f ne arly $ in., the middle 
lobe much smaller, recurved R EE go and eilai or frin 
with short calli; one large long callus between the lateral lobes at the 
top of the claw, and small obtuse calli compactly crowded along the 
de anther, Column lon, incurved, broadly and shortly winged under 
e an 


Australia, Roe.—Only seen in Herb. Hook. Allied to C. Barbarosse, but 
me in End and very much in the labellum. 

sse, Reichb. f. Beitr. 64. Stem hairy, 6 to 10 in. 

"à d pers tuis or ions ine, attaining about 2in. Flower 

solitary from a loosely sheathing Sepals and petals 6 to 8 lines 


884 — CXX. ORCHIDEZ. [ Caladenia. 


ong, linear or a ame eg ers into a short point, of a pale 

colour with a dark central line. Labellum with an unwinged channelled 
claw of about 2 cag the lateral lobes linear-falcate ‘und erect, the 
-middle lobe twice as long , broadly oblong, recurved, the margin fringed, 


oblong ca Column d from the middle or: Ant 
without any pee 


SEC OPE CIE —Sepals acute or obscurely acuminate, 
un iuc not € into a distinct spa the dorsal one usually 
erect and concave but sometimes not very different from the others. 
Labellum miian Ra veined; calli sometimes in 2 rows either 
arallel or short and almost joining in a semicircle, sometimes irregu- 
arly arranged in 2 to 4 rows or crowded along the centre 


13. C. flava, R. Br. Prod. 324. Hairy, more akain than 
most species and meni low, parie iets 1 ft., the under Toun 
e af 


less Bi "eii 6 a more or less distinct reddish fins or red blotches 
along the centre. Petals still shorter, pale yellow or whitish and more 
‘red in the centre. Labellum 3 to 4 lines long and broad, with a very 


onverging into a Ace te Column winge m the base. Anther 
with a long point.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 418; Endl. in Pl. Preiss. 
ji. 7; F. Muell. Fragm. vi. 83; Reichb. f. Beitr 29, 

w. Australia. King George’s Sound en adjoining district Menzies, F. Mueller, 
€ npe others, and thence to Swan , Drummond, 1st coll. n. 827, Preiss, n. — 
220! 


Caladenia.] OXX. ORCHIDEJX, 385- 
broadly ah ag ara near the base with $ few marginal calli, the 
a 


calli of the d linear-clavate, rather long, in 2 is converging row 
sometimes vedi ming a semicircle, sometimes rather longer an 
more parallel. Colusin shortly and mter M inged at the apex. 
Anthers with a long point. hind. Ge . and Sp. Orch. 419; Reichb. 
f. Beitr. 30, 64; Hook. f. Fl. T i 98; C. mollis, Lindl. Swan Riv, 
an Riv. 


App. 51; de and Sp. Orch "H9. C. " elongata, Lindl. S 
App. 52 ‘Gen: and Sp. Orch. 419. 
wi Cape How we Muel 
Vendu Vale, eect, yrs Adamson; Mount William, F. 
Meli "ie p F'ullagar 
Dalrymple, R. Brown; Woolnorth, Circular Head, and Georgo- 
i ua Australia. St, incest s Gulf and neighbouring mountains, F. Mueller and 
o . 


ustralia (usually with rather larger flowers). King George's Sound, F. 
Meler ind others; Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 838; Preiss, n. 2184, Old- 


M Var. re de di Leaves almost linear.—Upper Hay river, Miss Warburton ; deni 
uir, 


longer rows . ochreata, Lin cc., fro ummond, ig cal, e : 
similar variety, with the middle lobe orenulate only, not t prominently fring 
€. ochreata of Endl, Pl. Preiss. ii. 8, are referred by Reichenbach K to he 


ginata 
typical c. latifolia 


15. C. reptans, Lindi. Swan Riv. App. 52; Gen. and Sp. Orch. 419. 
A ad ike flowered species, with apparently a creeping underground 
Stem, in other respects closely resembling €. latifolia, of which it is 

a variety. Leaf oblong or lane eolate. Sepals and petals of 
C. latifolia or rather more obtuse; labellum contracted into a longer 


in: rming 2 short converging rows placed in a semicircle or 
almost transvers 
W. Australia. ps ver, Drummond, 1st coll. SE oer = Beitr. 64, 
refers also to this species c Pre and C. nana, Endl. in Pl. Preiss 


_16. C. suaveolens, Reich). f. Beitr. 67. Glabrous and usually 1 ft. 
high or rather more. Leaf linear or linear-lanceolate, 6 to s in. long, 


and often 2 or 3 empty sheathing scales on the stem. ge rs 2 to 
rather distant, almost sessile within eet RE bracts fh to $ in. : 
Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acuminate, incurved, concave, $ to nearly lin. 


long; lateral sepals and petals nearly as long, linear, spreading or re- 
curved. Labellum not half so long as the sepals, the erect part bre 


386 CXX. ORCHIDE. [ Caladenia. 


with a pom point.—Lyperanthus suaveolens, R. Br. Prod. 325; 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 392; F. Muell. re v. 98; Reichb. f 
Beitr. 32; ` Caladenia sulphurea, A. Cunn. in vs Nos. Wales, 361. 
Leptoceras ‘sulphurea, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 4 

N. S. Wal Port m to the ewe Mountains, * Bins Woolls, A. Cun- 
ningham, and others ; dinh -— c - Stu 

ria. East Gi 
deer Conni Milligan, 


17. C. serrata, Reichb. f. Beitr. 67. Nearly resembles C. suaveolens 
in habit and foliage, but usually a stouter ve taller plant. Leaf 
broadly linear, often above 1 ft. long. Flowers 4 to 6, “ greenish out- 
side purplish ‘pink shed the labellum véllesich towards the t tip." 
Bracts above 1 in. long, finely acuminate. Sepals shortly — 
the dorsal one lanceolate incurved, concave, 6 to 7 lines long; the — 
lateral sepals and petals narrower and rather longer. Labellum Mores 
than half as long, the lateral lobes erect as in C. suaveolens, but rather 
C the middle lobe more lanceolate, the margins usually undulate 

crisped or shortly fringed ; ea linear, in 2 rows along the centre, = 
smaller ones in several rows on the remainder of the disk. Colum 
oss Anther acuminate. riri serratus, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. 

Ned Il in Pl. Preiss. ii. 6. 
r, Drummond, 1 Cape Leschenault, Oldfield ; 
King Bersa Sound, Mie; 1 / Mar Wulgenup, Pree n. ? 2189, F. Mueller t ^ 


18. C. » R. Br. Prod. 324. Slender, usually under 1 ft. high, 
sparingly lterar or "nearly glabrous or glandular papillose. Leaf narrow- 
inear, o ong. Flowers l to 3, pink in the typical form, often 
. longitudinally veined and ond with transverse bands of a darker 
hue on the labellum and column. Sepals 6 to 8 lines long, or in some 


98; Arethusa catena Exot. Bot. t. 104; €. alata, R. Br. Prod. 
324 Pi fam. i smaller Borers) ; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 418; Hook.f . 
ii 90, t. ; Reichb. f. Beitr. 29; €. angustata, Hook. . 


re and. Keppel and aci id bays, R. Brown; from cries to Wide 
bay in gr T" Yee Leichhardt, F. Mueller, and others ; Rockhampton, O'Sha- 
nesy ; Nerkool Creek, Bowman ; Deng Downs, Law; ount angi 5 

N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown and many others; 
northward to dum river, Henderson; New England, C. Soari; southward to 
M bay, F. ller 
From the Glenelg to Gipps’ Land, F. pm idum and others. 


Tasmania. Abundant throughout the island, J. D. Hooker and others. 
. Australia. From the Glenelg to St. Vincent's Gaur’ fi sist localities, ,F- 
Muller and dades; Kangaroo island, Waterhous ; 


Caladenia.] CXX, ORCHIDEA, 987 


Var Flowers white. I can see no other difference. C. alba, R. Br. Prod. 
823 ; ima Gen. and Sp. Orch, 417; Reichb. f. Beitr. me des Jackson, R. Brown, 
Wool s, A. Cunningham, and a few of the southern speci 

Var. quadriserinte. Labellum with 4 rows of calli; i pink.— Between Rivoli 
bay and Mount Gambier, F. Mueller; Sout Monts Tasmania, C. Stuart. 

19. C. testacea, R. Br. 4 A slender plant with narrow 
linear leaves, very much revelling Ke smaller specimens of C. carnea, 
and united with that species by F. Mueller. Sinks and petals narrower 

and more contracted at the base. Tabelluia with the lateral lobes less 
m 


n 
rch. 420; Reichb. f. Beitr. 30; C. gracilis, R. Br. Lc. ; Reichb. f. l.c. ; 
E Le. 423; C. angustata, Lindl. l.c. 490 
Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains R. Brown, A. Cunningham, 

Woolley an 

Vi ora ag "Port Phillip, Gunn. : 

Port Dalrymple, A. Brown; Southport, C. Stuart. 

20. C. congesta, R. Br. Prod. xen A slender glandular-pubescent 
or nearly glabrous prre allied to €. earnea ue sily teem intend 
af n 


by the labellum. s 9 in, to 1 ft. high LÀ rrow-linear 
lowers 1 or 2, Me pote and petals narrow- isolé, acute, EA to 
1 in. long, the dorsal sepal erect incurved and concave. Labellum fully 


half as long as thé sepals, narrow, contracted into a claw, 3-lobed, the 
r 


N. S. Wales. Near Sena A. Cunningham ; in the interior, M*Arthur 
br Mg rtg Port Dalrymple, R. Brown; open forest land, Cheshunt, and Port 

rrel, Arch 

W. Aus tralia ? Swan river, Mangles in Herb. Lindl.—Perhaps not really be- 
longing to this species. 


21. C. 
ening 1 Vive arising from a rather large ovoid eA ido 
‘leaf at all at the time of flowering, and with only I or 2 short 
Eos scales at the base, and no empty bract higher up except a small 
one at a short distance from the flower (subtending the pedicel). 
- Flower solitary, slightly papillose or quite glabrous. Sepals an and petals 
narrow-lanceolate, acutely but very s shortly acuminate, tapering at the 
ase, 2 to edel l in. long, the dorsal one erect and concave. La- 
bellum more than half as long as the sepals, contracted into a claw, 
the lateral lobes erect incurved almost acute. the middle lobe longer 
Eitbeolate and recurved, en margin entire; calli rather long, linear- 
avate, numerous or few, in 2 rows sometimes not extending >e a 
‘the lateral sor: eden | voitehdigr halfway along the middle lobe lobe 
W. Australia. King Georgea Sound, Harvey; Hay and Kalgan Sia, F. 
Mueller ; near ac Thrcs-miles Pista, M acwell; Forest Hill, Muir. se 


L3 


388 CXX. ORCHIDEZ. [ Caladenia, 


22. C. cærulea, I. Br. sien TEE A smaller plant than C. deformis, 
more glabrous, the py brae 
with the solitary i vr of that pie Leaf linear or linear- 


as lon but narrower ; ; petals both narr and iE Labellum 
more t T half or nearly as long as the bern sepals, broad almost from 
the base ; lateral lobes broad, erect, obtuse, wit transverse bands of a 
darker hue, middle lobe lanceolate, almost eke entire or slightly 


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inged ; 
winged almost from the oe An nther-point very short.—Lind]. Gen. 
oe de "iae Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 29; Reichb. f. Beitr. 28. 
rt Jackson, R. | ets oin n. 163, and many others; New 
England, C e. qeu vedo io Twofold bay, F. Mueller. 
North of Wombayne river, ellen. 

TES, Bauer (Brown, Reichenbach jil.).—I have seen no Tasmanian speci- 

mens; there are none in herb. R. Brow 


23. C. saccharata, Heichb. Beitr. 63. Very nearly allied to C. eerulea 
and pnn only a local form of it, the structure of the flower a mehr 
the same. The leaves are rather longer and narrower and t 8 
and s epals s also longer and narrower, the colour of the flowers, Sitabty 


Hak ot O aeria , whic h in the East has not the extended range of 
C. deformis, that a further examination of fresh flowers may prove it 
to be really distinct. 

. Australia, Drummond, m coll. n. 824, 


24. C. defo nly 
slightly m and pedes iih above 6 in. high. Leaf linear , some- 
times rather long. Scape with a single blue flower — tl an in 


recurved, 
more or less fringed on the margin, the lat eral lobes arcely "prominent 
or quite obsolete; calli of the di sk oblong prn ear a xk ift tly clavate, 
very numerous and er owded, sometimes coveri whole of the 


ength. i 
short.—Reichb. f. Beitr. 29; C. barbata, Lindl. l.c. 418 . 
Tasm. ii. 29, t. 123 B; C. unguiculata, Lindl. Sw. Riv. App. 51; pent 
es Sp. Orch. 418; Éndl. in x TTA it el 
N, S. od ales. Near Albury, B 

Victo Portland, Allitt ; Port Phill and fasiri Gunn, Adamson; Nan- 
Mas unes and Geno river, F. Wohin; Green; Bins Pura, Hin 
acker. 


asmania Dalrymple, R. Brown; abundant throughout the island, J. D. 
Hooker ; Flinders ret a Milligan. 
r From the AAT to St. Vincent's Gulf, F. Mueller; York Penin- 
sula, Fowler ; Biscuit flat, Schul: 


n the stem smaller and more erect but. 


Fy ee PES eR See Tey RIPE RUN ee ee TINO REESE S E 


i 
CAE, E E AE EEE N EAEE EAE RI IP Te a T EEEE EER E EN ee E T IE A ee EE ERU SE n 


Caladenia.| CXX. ORCHIDEX, —— 389 


W. Australia. Point Henry, F. Mueller; Lake Muir, Muir; Swan river, 
_ Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 2191. ` À 

| Var. albiflora, Flower white, with the lateral lobes of the labellum rather more 
] prominent.—S. Australia, F. Mueller. 

. 25. C. sericea, Lindl. Sw. Riv. App. 52, and Gen. and Sp. Orch. 418. 
Usually softly villous, the hairs especially on the leaves shorter more 


at least half as long as the sepals, contracted at the base, cuneate up- 


wards, nearly equally 3-lobed at the end, the lateral lobes erect, shortly 
0D10] incu , In 


‘ ? 
b, the lowest ones sometimes united in linear or oblong plates. 


W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll, also n. 119; King George's 
Sound, Muir; Upper Hay river, Miss Warburton, 

Secr, 5. PexTISTA.—Sepals and petals nearly equal, all obtuse and 
spreading. Labellum and column very short. Calli of the disk small 
and numerous, in longitudinal rows. 


As observed by Reichenbach fil., this section in its perianth connects Caladenia with 
Glossodia, but the calli of the labellum are entirely those of the former, without the 


remarkable basal appendages of the latter genus, 
26. C. gemmata, Lindi. Sw. Riv. App. 52, and Gen. and Sp. Orch. 420. 
Loosely hairy and 6 to 8 in. high when 1-flowered, rather taller when 
2-flowered. ‘Leaf ovate or ovate-lanceolate, rarely above 1 in. long. 
Flower rather large, of a soft deep blue. Sepals and ges broa y 
and 


j : ther 

. With a prominent point.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 8; C. pellita, Endl. l.c. 

— (Reichd. f). | 

. _ W. Australia. King George's Sonnd to Swan river, Drummond, Oldfield, F. 
Mueller, and others, Preiss, m. 2193 (mixed with Glossodia Brunonis, according to 

Reichenbach f.) aswell. 


27. C. ixioides, Lindl. Sw. Riv. App. 52, and Gen. and Sp. Orch. 420. 
Closely resembles O. gemmata in habit stature and size and general 
structure of the flower, and possibly a variety only, but the flowers 
(from the dried specimens) appear to have been yellow, the labellum is 
. Not so broad, more acuminate and sometimes obscurely 3-lobed, and the 

calli of its surface are more prominent, almost lin 
. W, Australia, Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. 


390 CXX. ORCHIDEJ. [ Chiloglottis. 


45. CHILOGLOTTIS, R. Br. 


Anth 
erect, 2-celled ; pollen-masses granular.— Terrestrial herbs, with small 
underground tubers. Leaves 2, radical or nearly so. Scape 1-flowered, 


des the two Australian "eue which are endemic, there is one from the Auck- 
ew 


Dorsal sepal 5 to 6 lines long, much contracted at the base ; lateral 
sepals linear-terete. Calli of the labellum slender, scattered over f 
ie woi 1. coUa kho uud Odie 
Dorsal sepal 8 to 9 lines long, not much contracted at the base; 
lateral sepals linear. Calli of the labellum thick and crowded E 
alban the conie s 9 o |n E sx or Kas 2. C. Gunnu. 
: 1 EJ 
' 1. C. diphylla, R. Br. Prod. 393. Radical leaves 2, from ovate- 
elliptical to oblong-lanceolate, usually acute, 3 to 13 in. long, contracted 
into a petiole of 2 to 8 lines. Scape from 3 to 6 in. meh bearing 
e one sub- 


ess in 2 rows, and 1 or2 att 


P 
Holl. t. 8; Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 886; Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 29. 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 27; Caladenia diphylla, Reichb. f. Beitr. 67 ; Epipactis 
reflexa, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 60, t. 211, f. 15 Aeianthus? bifolius, 
R. Br. Prod. 822; Reichb. f. Beitr. 26. 
Queensland. ` Brisbane river, Moreton bay, F. Mueller. 
. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown, Woolls ; Clarence river, Wilcox. his 
Victoria. Wilson's Promontory, F. Mueller (without flowers, but probably t 
ia. Shaded places, Woolnorth, Circular Head, &c., Gunn, Archer; South- 
port, C. Stuart. d 
The calli of the labellum vary much, the slender clavate ones are ‘sometimes limited 


to a broad tuft or patch at the base of the lamina, sometimes extend over a great p a 


i Chiloglottis. | CXX. ORCHIDEZ. 391 


of it and descend along the claw, the thick ones are usually few and the 1 or 2 in 3 
reflexed ones are often = prominent ; sometimes also there are a pair of small ones 
near the base of the claw: 
2. C. Gunnii, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 387. Often a smaller plant 
than C. diphylla, but not so slender. Leaves rather larger and broader, 
sometimes nearly 2in. long. Scape usually short, but in some 
r 


ani ed Circular Head, Cheshunt, Hobarton, Gunn, 
Ar cem ied idi Mentem Ln ' C. Stuart; summit of Ben Lomond, at an elevation' 
of 5000 ft., Milligan 


5 
2 
E 
P 
Sp 


46. GLOSSODIA, R. Br. 


i» and petals nearly equal, quim Labellum sessile, undi- 
26 not fringed, without calli or plates on the disk, but, at its base, 
metimes nite into 1) linear clavi: calli or appendages ere 

eun the column and from half to nearly its whole length. Column 
erect, often incurved, 2-winged. Anther erect, 2-celled, = outer 


small point. Pollen-masses granular.— Terrestrial herbs usually hairy, 
iim small underground tu bers. Leaf solitary, oblong or lanceolate, 
within a scarious sheath close to the ground ; flowerslto 2 on an 

iin scape, leafless except an empty sheathing bract at or below the 
"ép and a similar bract under each pedicel. Flowers erect, blue or 


he genus is limited to Australia. It is closely allied to the section Pentisia 
Caladenia, but the peculiar position and form of the calli, constant in all the species 
and probably performing some special function in the fertilizing S eiue oe justify its 
tan as a soo us, rather than merging it into nia, as pro vomit: by Reichen- 


2. 


Secr. 1. i bescent base. Column- 
wing not at Pr or pen em virus pire ate base e the anthers. Eastern 
Sepals and petals 7 to 10 lines i Labellum- d l 

"= um-appendage single : 

dilated and 2-dentate at the PUDE major. 
Sepals and petals 4 to 6 um long "Labellun-appendages 2, linear. 3 

clavate, scarcely united bé base . G. minor. 

Bac eutheran VIRUS HU M — a roe C p ex- 
tending Sos the anther d forming a hood over 


Flowers usually 2, dee blue. hoes shorter ha the a 
Dixiclate 6 Büne : E G, Bronis. 


392 CXX. ORCHIDEZ. [ Glossodia. 


— usually solitary (reddish-purple ? nip. as onde as or í 
longer than e esc oblong, sine aera . 4. G. emarginata. 


Secr. 1. EvaLossopia.—Labellum with a broad biconvex pubescent 
base. Column- -wing not at all or scarcely extending above the base of 


fhe anther: 


long. Losf oblong or lanceolate, 1 to 2 in. viele: rst 6 in. to 1 ft. 
high with 1 or rarely 2 blue flowers. Sepals and petals oblong-lan- 
ceolate, obtuse, 6 to 8 lines long, not blotc a Labellum not. half so 
— as the cots, ovate broad biconvex and oe with white hairs 


inajor, ’ Reichb. f. Beitr. 67. 

T1 sland. Moreton bay, Lei arde; Armidale, Parrot 

. S. bares $e Jackson to the Blue Mountains, R. pus n, Sieber, n. 162, 

Fi Mixt 9, 9, and m any others; in the N.W. interior, Pastry Ren England, e 
Stuart ; and stan n T wofold p , F. Mue lor 

Vict r, Robertson ; Portland, Ain; oig Phillip and Melbourne, 
very — FM = d others; Ballarat t, Glen 

Du mon in poor sandy soil rage iin Heer colon ny, J. D. Hoo 

s. diuisio Encounter bay, Whittaker; Bugle and Lofty ranges, J’. ucl. 


2. G. minor, R. Br. Prod. 326. Hirsute with long eae are 
‘mixed with shorter sometimes glandular ones as in but 
pen plant. Stems rarely above 3 or 4 in. high and on Jom 
l-fowered. Leaf lanceolate, the meli sheathing bract usually 

a Poyet blue. Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, 5 to 6 lines 
ong. Labellum about j the length of the sepals, broad, biconvex 
and pu spen with white hairs or papille im the lower half, the 
keine upper half triangular, acute, flat, glabrous, the basal calli 
Ll pening 2, lines siege fattened clavate at the end, sear shorter 

rtly united at the base. Colum — i e 
zi as ‘the telom Asc winged but the wing not mera on 
Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 423; Reichb. f. Beitr. 34; Caladenia 
minor, Reichb. Beitr. 67. 

Queensland. Archer’s Station, Moreton bay, Leichhardt. 

. S. Wales. Port Jackso; n, È. Brown, Sieber, n. 161, and others ; New England, 
Q, San — to Twof ld bay P e Mue lien 
a. Genoa river, towards Nomi reni F. Mueller. 


more dei tw o bd red spe ns from ai acd localities I have only seen 


ie " a 
one, in herb. F. Muell., frons Twofold b ter, ‘with two flowe 


Sect. 2. ELEUTHERANTHERA, Endl. cues um narrow and gla- | 


brous. Column-wing extending beyond the anther, adnate to it along 
the centre, and forming a hood over it, 


Glossodia. | CXX. ORCHIDER. 393 


G. Brunonis, Endl. Nov. Stirp. Dec. 16, and in Pl. Preiss, ii.9. A - 
pubescent or softly hairy plant of 6 in. to 1 ft., with 1 or 2 ncs i y 
es 


disk, but at its base are 2 long thick linear obtuse calli often as long 
as the lamina, sometimes united at the base, erect against the column 
Column half as long as the sepals, with a broad wing produced beyond 

At Anther-case pubescen it, shortly acumi- 
nate.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 424; F. Muell. Fragm. 83 
Caladenia Brunonis, Reichb. Beitr. 67. 

W. Australia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, Oldfield, F. Mueller, 
and many others; Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. ; | ees bay and Gales brook, 
Maxwell, 

hes G. emarginata, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 424. Nearly allied to 

G. Brunonis, with inm same habit and foliage, the | scape however more 
frequently 1 l-üowered, the flower usually larger, not so blue in the 
dried state, and ec tun by Oldfield as rose-coloured. Column with a 
hood-shaped wing extending beyond the anther as in that species. 
Labellum more tabs ed, often E the column, broadly oblong- 
linear, very obtuse or truncate and u sually emar nate, the basal calli 
or appendages nei slightly clavate, about as Tm as the labellum.— 
Nec emarginata, "Reichb. r. 67. 

Australia. Swan river, Penis ond, 1st coll.; Vasse river, Pries; 
Tes AS and Vasse rivers, Oldfield ; Greenough "Flats, O. Gray; Lake Mur 


Trise 6. Opurypem.—Anther adnate to the a of the column 
over iie stigma, the cells usually forming 2) lobes sehe asses 2, 
granular, attached by caudicles to one or Je glands or pouches over 
the stigma. ‘Terrestrial herbs; rhizomes pes annually renewed 
tubers. Stems mate, leafy. Flowers spicate, 


47. HABENARIA, R. Br. 


Dorsal sepal erect, very concave ; lateral sepals free, connivent or 
Reg ; petals entire or bipartite, u usually connivent under the 

rsal sepal. a d or rarely entire, with a spur or pouch 
at the base. Column very short, with 2 anterior linear-clavate processes 
lying on or vérgally eesti to Ae base of the labellum. Anther erect, 
with a broad connective and marginal cells, but the connective usually 
8o vi that the erect diverging cells appear disconnected. Pollen 
granular in 2 masses in each cell, each ems with a caudicle attached to 
à gland or an appendage of the stigma opposite to the cell, and more 
or less confluent with Sic entesirin] herbs, with underground usually 
ovoid tubers, Leaves alternate on the stem or 45 m near the base. 

iion spike. 


Flowers several or many in a 


394 | — CXX. ORCHTDER. [ Habenaria. 


A large genus dispersed over the warmer and temperate regions of both the New and 
the Old World. Of the five Australian species, two are East Indian, the other three, 
r as known, endemic. 


h 
narrow-linear lobes. Anther-connective as high as the cells . 1. H. trinervis. 
Leaves narrow, near the base of the stem. Petals undivided. 
Anther-connective very much shorter than the cells. 
Lateral lobes of the labellum long and very narrow-linear like 


aves narrow-oblong. Spur of the labellum above 1 in. long 2. H. elongata. 

ves linear. Spur of the labellum under 4in. long. . . 8. H. graminea. 
Lateral lobes of the labellum lanceolate-falcate ; middle lobe 

linear. Spur longer than the sepals . . . . . . . . 4. H. ochroleuca. 
Lateral lobes of the labellum very short and broad or quite 

obsolete, rarely shortly acuminate; middle lobe oblong or 

. Is... . . 5. A. wanthantha. 


1. H. trinervis, Wight Ic. Pl. t.1701. Stems erect, leafy, 1 ft. high 
or rather more. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 4 in. 
i ved. 


2. H. elongata, R. Br. Prod. 313. A rather stout species, above 
1 ft. high. Leaves oblong, 2 to tin. long. Spike rather dense. Dorsal 


the spur. Labellum lobes very narrow-linear, the middle one above 3 in. 
long, the lateral ones rather shorter; the spur at least 11 in. long, 
thickened beyond the middle. Anterior processes of the column clavate 
and cristate.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 317 ; F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 15; 
Reichb. f. Beitr. 6. 

N. Australia. Arnhem S. bay, and islands off the coast of Arnhem's Land, 
abundant, R. Brown. 

Queensland. Rockhampton, O' Shanesy. 


Habenaria.| CXX. ORCHIDER. | 895 


vided into 9 narrow-linear lobes about as long as the sepals; the spur 


the st 

from each other by the very short connective and rostellum.—F. Muell. 

Fragm. vii. 16. ‘ 

Ne wc Rockingham bay, Dallachy—The species is also in Khasia and 
lhet. 

Var. arnhemica. Habit and foliage of the typical form, but the flowers much smaller. 
Galea 14 to 14 lines long, slightly recurved and acute ek a broad base ; lateral sepals 
rather longer, the spur not 3 lines long and scarcely thickened beyond the middle.— 

. Herb. 

N. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 162, 188, and with still smalier flowers, 

Port Essington, Armstrong. 


linear, as long as the sepals; spur longer than the sepals, much ant. 

shortly clavate at the end. Anterior processes of the column very 

shortly adnate.—Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. 323; Reichb. f. Beitr. 6. 
N. Australia. Islands of the North Coast, 2. Brown. ' 


F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 16. Stems slender, often 


ceolate and acutely acuminate as in ned. ers y llow, in a 
rather dense spike. Dorsal sepal and petals erect, obtuse, about 3 lines 
long ; lateral sepals nearly the same length, qui e from the spur 


es. 
H. graminea.—H. propinquior, Reichb. f. 

Queensland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 

TRIBE 7. AposTAsSIEJ.—Anthers 2, lateral near the base of the 
style, with a dorsal rudimentary or rarely perfect anther. Stigma 
terminal. Pollen granular. Terrestrial herbs. 


48. APOSTASIA, Blume. 
(Niemeyera, F. Muell.). 
Sepals and petals 3 each, nearly equal and similar, spreading or re- 


p : 
curved, the labellum similar to the other petals. Anthers 2, oblong-linear, 
attached near the base of the style, erect and embracing the style, with 


390 - CXX. ORCHIDEJE. dinis 


to 
| Flowers small, yellow, in imps or rekon spreading 
racemes in the u 
Besides the Australian Spiel which appears to be endemic, there are two or three 

— allied to it in East India and the Archipelago 
1 stylidioides, Reichb. f. in Herb. Kew. An erect glabrous plant, 
with ipi stems of 6 to 8in. Leaves almost grass-like, linear, taper- 
ing into long g qon, RPM, sheathing abeat bases covering the stem, 

in 


varying from ith 1, 3 or rarely more nerves pmen 

"nderneath. Racemes shorter than the leaves, slender but rigid. 

Bracts lanceolate, 1 to 2 lines long. Ovary nearly 3 lines long at the 
e owering, elongated but still vety narrow when in fruit. 


ditional staminode of that species, except that in some Aves I find the style abortive 

or nearly so, and n: as it were by a staminode. e dorsal points of the pe tals 
i appear sometimes on puis sep 

I have follo wed B Brown in considering the group of Apostasi iew as a tribe of Orchideæ 


Orpen CXXI. BURMANNIACEÆ. 


- Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Perianth superior, porini 
tubular or campanulate, usually 6-lobed, the 3 inner lobes often smaller 


d, 

sometimes wanting. ens 8 or 6, inserted t nd 
shorter than the perianth rs 2-celled. Ovary inferior, 3-celled 
or with 3 parietal placentas, the ovules very numerous. Style single, 
with 3 short branches stigmatic at the clavate or dilated ends. F 
a capsule opening in loculicidal slits or valves. Seeds minute, the 

bryo appare mogeneous.—Herbs, often slender. Leaves entire, 
radical or nearly so, rarely alternate along the stem, sometimes all 
reduced to small scales h wers term solitary or several along à 


i nal, 
2-branched rarely 3-branched rhachis centrifugally Solent each 
flower opposite to a small often minute brac 
~ A small tropical aipee. usually ee ay nting swamps or wet places, or decaying € 
table soils, common dec and Old World. The only Australian genus 
general range o. of the C 


Burmannia,| CXXI. BURMANNIACEE. . 397 


l. BURMANNIA, Linn. 
(Gonyanthes, Miers.) 


radical leaves or all the leaves rarely reduced to scales. Flowers 
sessile or pedicellate Rind the branches of a forked cyme, reduced 
sometimes to a sing: 

The s is common to the Si and the Old World. One and m ~ the 
nu species have a wide range over East India and the Archipe 
— leaves lanceolate. Flowers abigo in a once-forked cyme. 


anth at lea st twice: ^ MN 
small. v solitary o or few. Perianth 


with vm wings a as bead di as long 
disticha, Linn. Spee. mp Stems ia or scarcely branched, 
2 ft chi 


1. B. 
erect, glabrous, attaining 1 to . Leaves chiefly radical, sessile, 
sheathing | at the base, iC acute, spreading, all under 1 


1, B. disticha. 


2. B. juncea. 


E including the wings about 4 in. lit and deti 
the 3 outer lobes ovate, concave, not half so long as t 
«del i h 


d in. road 
he e, the 


va rt pedicel; inner lobes of the perianth 
oblong-linear, from half as ck to nearly as long as the outer ones. 
Anthers immediately under the inner lobes, the cells small, separated 
by a prominent connective, the dorsal appendages nearly as long as the ` 
cells. Capsule usually occupying about half the length of the era 
but sometimes continued higher up, opening at the "Er between the 
ridges with a — to splió transversely as observed "d Threda ue 
v Corom. Pl. t. 2 ^ B. distachya, R. Br. 
. Austr iverpool river, Gulliver.—A pring Ls specimen with only 
3 vem which however are Tib those of j^ disticha. 
N. es. Jackson, R. Brown, Woolls; New England, C. Stuart ; 
il river, Beckler ; "E of swamps, Tweed iones Q. Moor e, Guilfoyle. 
muncea, Soland. in R. Br. Prod. 265. Stems very sie na 
Medie filiform, 6 in. to ale 1 ~ high. Leaves few at the base of the 
| Stem, linear-filiform, ł to4in , and sometimes one or two smaller 
p es ‘hi igher up, but the stem pickin with only a few small distant 
. Scales, Flowers sometimes only one at the end of the stem, sometimes 


* 


* 


398 CXXI. BURMANNIACEZ. [ Burmannia. 


in a once-forked cyme with 2 to 4 on each branch, all on short slender 
pedicels. Perianth including the wings about 3 m ong and qui 
when in fruit, the outer lobes broad and only ? line long, the 
inner nee Ani minute 3. the flower examined, the dora wings rounded 
at bot at a little distance below the inner lobes. 
Ovary athe bei occupying about half the length of the tube, the 
capsule usually opening by a transversely oblique fissure. 

N. Australia. Port Essington, Armstr 

Queensland. Endeavour river, ' Banks iia f Solander. 

This species is scarcely to be distinguished but by z Stal 8 stem and narrow fili- 
form leaves from the B. pusilla, Thw. Enum. Pl. Ceyl. 325, or Gonyanthes pusilla, 
Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. 537, t. 38. It is also very closely allied to the 
common Indian B. eclestis, Don, with which Banks and Solan er's specimens are lai 
down on the same sheet i in the roses aint as one species, the leaves aia 


Orper CXXII. IRIDEZE. 


Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or irregular. Perianth superior, 
with a short or distinct tube, the limb of 6 petal-like segments, the 9 
inner ones sometimes very small. Stamens 3, inserted at the orifice of 
the tube or base of the outer segments, or rarely (in Campynema) 6 
fertile or (in Diplarrhena) one reduced to a barren filament. -Filame nts 
free or united in a tube. Anther-cells 2, riem erect, opening out- 
wards. Style more or less divided into 3 lobes r bran ches, usually 
stigmatic at the end and sometimes broad wif eee: -like. Ovar 


: l ? : 
chous, sheathing and laterally flattened at the base, produced into a 
linear lamina laterally or vertically not horizontally fattened so that 
the inner edge is towards the stem, the outer edge a continuation of the 
k 


bract of the same node, not in its axil. Perianths in the ens 


'The Order is generally dpi over the sd d dis Old World, more abundant 
ified in South 


Africa. Of the seven genera here d four are endemic, one, Li ibertia, extends 


yer t New Zealand and extratropical South oo the rg orca is a solitary oda tm local 


* 
SESS SES TURCO IU ae eee ee ane RE ON Se ee PIRE ERE AE RI I E YT ERE S 


CXXII. IRIDEX. 399 


e peculiar inflorescence of the fl d Iridee d 
generally noticed. 1t is a kin e, each flower terminates an axi j n 
ü y the development v an axillary bud between the subtending bract and t 
flower, which becomes o to the bract. of the same node. As these subtend- 


ing bracts are not ^x posed d unilateral as in the ordinary forked cyme, but alter- 
nate Qus the branc e rhachis assumes a zigzag not a scorpioid character. 
Stam 
Rad with 3 large outer and 3 very small inner seg- 
ments. — tig ger than the anthers, with 3 broad- 


ne g lam 
Spike or cluster Morale and tesa or rarely lateral also. 
h 


Only two anthers 1. DiPLARRHENA. 
Spike Tolita ary and t erminal, ‘the outer bracts enclosing 2 
_ Sessile spikelets. Three anthers 2, PaTERSONIA, 
Perianth with 6 nearly roa pr spre readin ng segme ents, St yle 
divided into 3 oblong petal-like “ener opposite to Be 
arching over the anthers 3. Monza. 
Perianth Mig 6 spreading segments. Style shorter than ‘the 
stam 


dilate n he end or acute. 
Periti segments nearly equal. Outer bracts erect and - 
close 
Filamen nts fr free. Ovary and capsule omnes sessile or 
y 4. ORTHROSANTHUS. 
Filaments connate below the middle or to the top. Ovar ry à 
and capsule obovoid or globular on long M pons oH > 5. SISYRINCHIUM. 
ler or rarely 
nearly equal to the inner ones, Bra <a ms nous : 
SPS o. ANM ay TRE . 6. LIBERTIA. 
Stame 
Perianth- -segments nearly equal . 
esides the above, several South African j Titli hive adcaatoually been found to have 
Sadaned eg i ardens. Amongst them F. Muellers collection — 'richonema 
ocho er, Watsonia angusta, Sweet, Sparaxis tricolor, Bot. Mag., and Iris 
spuria, Hus, var. halophila. 


1. DIPLARRHENA, Labill. 


Perianth slightly i irregular, divided to the ovary into 6 segments, the 
three outer erect at the Le 


EN petal-like laminz jours the sti igmas arger fd) the 
ers. Capsule oblong, acutely 3-angled, locuicidlly 3-valved, the 
perio somewhat coriaceous. . Se eds orbicular, flat. —Herbs with a 


very short rhizome or leafy base. Leaves TM os radical, long and 
Sir ne erect, simple or branched. Flowers rather vedi pedis, 
si ike or baceous 


"i e genus is (mail to ae ae "idis 


Stems 1 to 2 ndn high. icem — pras ti in. broad. s 
white . . . 1. D. Morea. 


400 CXXII, TIRIDEJXE. | Diplarrhena. 
Stems above 2 ft. high. Leaves ! to ed in. broad. TAn varie- : 
gated blue and yellow . . 9. D. latifolia. 

1. ut Morza, Labill. Voy. i. 157, t. 15. pis labrous in all 

its parts. Rhizome or leafy base of the stem short, Leaves c iefly 


adeil, SAT very flat, 1 to 2 ft. long, 2 to 3 lines broad. Stems 1 to 
9 ft igh, w with a few shorter leaves. Tos ides i ik 


those of Patersonia, but not composed of 2 spikelets, two 
outer bracts rigidly WE ira prominently striate, 2 to 25 in. long, 
acutely acuminate, keeled, with narrow scarious margins, the inner ones 


membranous or scarious, au one as well as the second outer one 
opposed to a flower. Pedicels slender but shorter than the bracts, 
carrying usually the top of the ovary to the level of the bract, and 


rod. 304; Hook. f. FL. T 
Miaka ae, Vahl, Enum. ii. 154. 
N. Sen Wales. Cape Howe, C. Walter 
ria. Wilson's promontory, and caer ee between Mount Barclay and 
Mount | ae F. Mueller 
Tasmania, Labi ‘lat “hère; Port A" R. Brown ; abundant in good soil 
me the Pie * D. Hooker and o 


Leaves rather Hos and shorter, but very different from 


a ‘of — beris "d flower white as in tha typic indi form.— Western Mountains, 
nn. 


more viet (Oldfield); “ variegated blue and yellow" (06. Stuart), 
the dried specimens oe a bluish tinge in the whole perianth which 
pit never do in D. Mor 
OU. ran ui n Sun of the way up to the summit of Mount Lapeyrouse, 
2. PATERSONIA, R. Br. 
(Genosiris, Labill.) 
Perianth regular, with a revere tube and 3 outer broad spreading 


segments, the 3 inner ones ve mall and erect or almost obsolete. 
Filaments united middle or almost top into a tube; 
etii oblong or lanceolate, the cells usually separated by a narrow 

ranous conne liform, longer than anthers, 


sully constricted or articulate either near the base of the anthers or 
top, and often. bent down or breaking off at the consttiolign, 


Patersonia.] CXXII, IRIDEX. 401 


the 3 stigmatie lobes obovate-orbicular. or pide omg oblong, contracted 
and united in a cup or narrow and free at the base, retlexed on the 
style in the bud, spreading bagas st in fower. faite 
sessile within the bracts, linear or oblong, 3-angled, opening loculici- 
ally in 3 valves.—Herbs with a perennial short rhizomé. Leaves in 


ing a single oblong or lanceolate terminal spike, with two outer bracts 
enclosing 2 sino ac each with 1, 2 or several flowers and as 
many m Ss searious bracts, each braet of the 


_ The e genus E ti se ra-tropical Australia, or scarcely crosses the tropics 
the East coast, and is readily yon from m others by the infloresnonds, a as val 
as by seu er aes 


first b n 
e the third te also without a flower opposed to I have not, howev it ia 
my A shad to dissect a sufficient number of spikes to dio how far these ditiesetioes may 
speci 
Quite glabrous. Outer bracts of the spike prominently striate. 


Perianth-tube exserted. Stam sing tube short, trifid . . 1. P. glauca. 
Quite glabrous. Outer bracts ooth or cim. urely striate, 
Perianth-tube not exserted. Stan iaat S tube short, trifid. 
ges any. much Due than the leaves. Soutb-eastern 
EF — 
Sca Ua isit ‘shorter than the eared We stern spec $ P, occidentalis 
Glabrous or the leaves hairy on the edges. Outer dias gea 
) ely stria Staminal-tube long, undivided. 
Quite glabrous. Leaves under 3 lines broad. Outer bracts 
2 fo 24 in. long, acute, prominently keeled ii Yeli 
le. 
ienige PT idol cob wx. V REM MS. 
5. P. zanthing. 


ricis v^ AM at on the edges. ‘Outer bracts usually of a 
br 


rown. 
Tall stout plant. Leaves 4 lines broad, with prominent 
usually e margins. Outer bracts of the spike broad . 6. P. limbata. 
Low hing, i plants. Lan lline broad or less. Spike 


Usually” glabrous. Leaves rather thick, — bor- ` 
dered. Scapes gla —- dox 1 ft. bigh . 7. P. juncea. 
Slightly hairy. Habit of mca. Flowers white . 8. P. Maxwells. 
es hairy, opp dere Scape woolly, u in. 9. P. pygmea. 


Leaves Woo hairy . Seape woolly. Outer brécts 
dark and ibo ta Foki uide with deciduous wool | 
i ort. 


in 
Leaves about 1 line broad. Eastern species. . . + + 


402 ; . -OXXII, IRIDEX. [ Patersonia. 


Leaves about 2 lines broad or 
Leaves woolly on the edges j 
Wool of the spike dose. ET Tik y. Eastern species. . 11. P, sericea. 
. Wool of the Espaini copious but loose. Western species . 12. P. lanata. 
Leaves woolly all over Lee the base. Western sies . 13. P. rudis 
Leaves glabrous or hai he Pa ase 


ter 
puer or pale, stro ae i e, e, glabrous or ih silky 
ai minal-tube (always "S long and u 
Outer br 3i in. long, silky-hoary. Stem wa piee Leaves 
glabrous, 3 lines broad 14. P. macrantha. 
iu bracts a about 2 in. long, silky- hoary. Stem elo ongated. 
Leaves glabrous or haj e edges, 2 lines broad or xn ess 15. P. glabrata. 
Outer [ien about 14 in ag cps glabrous, glaucous. Stem v 
red I es 1 line broad, the margins prominent, in $ 
16. P, Drummondü. 
Outer Pacis lt 014 in. Ie long, the 2nd conspicuously higher 
d than S very 
fria — congaed. luae es J rigid, Taig at the i 
base. S . 17. P. inaequalis. 
Stems very e alas iosi bulbou ug. Lenves rass-like, gla- 
Adam t the mw 18. P. graminea. 


gulis s RT . 19. P. babianoides. 
uca, R. Br. Prod. 3 ceedingly short, clustered 
idi me, with a few outer cad ee scales, graduall 
passing into erect rigid leaves, the longest from 3 t ong and 1 
nearly 2 lines broad, rather less flat than in P. A oni ge the 
dg no ned. capes usually eb shorter than the leaves, 


inner ones at dese daolit , scarcely more t an 11 Staminal 
column short, divided t o shout the middle. Style slebtly "ihiekened at 
the end, the "exordio ovate, but I do not find the fringes of E cilia 
figured by Endlicher from Bauer’s drawing.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 
34; -Bot. Mag. t. 2677 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1182 ; Endl. Iconogr. t. 90; 
T Sragilis, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 13, t .95 F. Muell. Fragm. 


N. S. W Hunter's river, R. Brown; New England, C. Stuart. 
T MEE river, F. Mueller. r 
Dalrym mple, R. Brown; ; abundant in wet peaty soils in the 
iis parti “ob the’ island, J. D. Hoo. , 
d scapa, Sweet, Fl. Austral, t. 90. A glabrous plant like 
P. ilem and P. occidentalis, but the leaves usually shorter, and whether 
short or long the scape almost Avin still longer. Leaves flat and the 
margins often nerve-like „asin P. occidentalis, of which this may be a 
_variety. Scape eR thickened and striate close under the spike, 
but. the outer Sot fully 14 in. long, quite smooth or very obscurely 


Patersonia.] CXXII. IRIDEX. 403 


striate. Spikelets with 3 or more flowers each. Ovary with a few 
hairs towards the apex. Perianth-tube slightly hairy at the base 
ey pene gi the bracts; outer segments ovate-elliptical, acute 
abou long, the € about 1 line long, narrow-lanceolate but 
appearing villae when shrivelled. Staminal column divided to about 
e middle. Si Mode: abiti the middle.— P. bicolor, F. Muell. in 
mg be dior! 
Port lip, R. Brown; near Portland, Robertson ; ree tes and 
Glee rans and ks mE: range, J/. Muelle er; ken ls Wilhelmi 
mania 
s. Pens alia. “Onkaparinga and Lofty riers F. igi 
end me of longiscapa was originally pr ku sed k m for = iy sear of the 


The latter, however, has the foliage, the smoot er bracts, the pubsooent apex of to 
ovary, and the shorter perianth-tube of P. occi sare whi i s may prove to 
me "eid as doubtfully suggested by R. Brown i in his n 

cidentalis, R. Br. Prod. 804. Stems very short, the whole 
pane eh mee except the ovary and perianth. Leave s rigid, sent 
ongest often above 1 ft. long and usually 2 to 3 lines [peel 


varying from er shorter to rather longer than the leaves, dilated 
and striate under t Outer bracts 14 in. long or rather more, 


prominently or rather obscurely keeled, the striæ scarcely or not at all 
conspicuous, the inner membranous bracts often slightly exceedin 


Rete near the base of the anthers.—P. sapphirina 

Reg. 1839, t. 60 (passing S An in M dram for P. Me. 

Genosiris occident, alis, d uell. F 
W. Australia. Kin akin ae iut ucky bay, R. Brown; King George's 

Sound and adjoining distict, "iiad, F. Mas. and others, and thence to Swan 

e iig se mmo » 

atifo olia. Tdv 3 to 4 lines broad. Flowers very numerous in the spike. 

; Oldfield. 


Var, ? angusti olia. Leaves under 2 lines broad. Poss ibig a distinct species. P. 
tenuisp patha a P. tu toan, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 31.—Swan river, Preiss, n. 2338; 
Mu fohisóni Peng Oldfie 

Var. iA sigs o¥ T "Muell. Fragm. vii. 32. Inner segments of the perianth subu- 
late. —Cap well. 
= epidural is pont a Mia "et and appears to be common in West 
Diesingii, E an in P Ys _ ii. 30, from Swan river, n. 2356, has the 


 Uhknown to me: all are described as Aerea nd are on y distinguished from eac 
. Other and from P. occidentalis, as far as the disguósos extend, b: y slight differences in 
. Stature, in the proportion of iiri scape eee the foliage, in the = r the keel of 


404 ; CXXII. IRIDES. [Patersonia. 


the bracts, and in the equality or inequality of the ribs of the leaves, all of which are 
very variable in the ra "x occidentalis. No mention is made of the flowers, stamens, 
or style of any one “of t 


4. P. umbrosa, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 31. Stems short, with the 
- short scales outside the leaves more numerous than in most species, the 
whole plant glabrous except the perianth-tube. Leaves usually very 
; hen above 2 ft., n nder 3 lines broad. Spike " in. e 
mpressed, the outer bracts acuminate and acutely keele 
pce cars or ga: obscurely striate. Perianth blue, the tube cod derit 
longer ome the bracts, slightly silky- pubescent, the outer segments 
above lin. long, the inner ones linear-subulate, often 2 lines long. | 
‘Staminal-tube rather long and slender, the fi aments scarcely free 
immediately under the anthers. Style showing no articulation in the | 
specimen examined, the limb shortly campanulate below the division 
into perie laminze.— Genosiris umbrosa, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 32. 
tralia. King iain s Sound, Preiss, n. 9348, F. Mis. ; Middle Mount | 
Barren, poire also in 


| xanthina, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 914. A glabrous plant, with 
ine Tie the long leaves, the long acuminate much compressed acutely 
smooth outer bracts , and all the E floral characters of 
P. umbrosa, but the flowers are said to b yellow, and the buds show 
none of the blue ME of all the allied species. The perianth-tube in the 
Specimen examined was rather shorter and more hairy than in P. umbrosa, 
and the inner ae nts not quite so narrow, but I could detect no. 
other difference, and the plant may is a variety only of that ene 
Genosiris wanthina, F. Muell. Ade i, 93. 
W. Australia. Geo Oldfield; Busselton, Pries (mixed with P. o 
dentalis).—There are aiin Trid t ia which the same species appears to include eee 
flowered and yellow-flowered varieties, 


slender, the filaments very shortly free at the apex. St ns emt 
nearly at the base of ^ anthers, the stigmatic lamine stipitate oval- 
oblong. 

W. Aus King George’ s Sonnd and adjoining districts, Baxter, Drummond, 
Preiss, n. 2549, v "Mueller ; Champion bay, Oldfield. 
| P. juncea, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 58. Almost stemless and quite 
glabrous, or the young leaves slightly ciliate. Leaves in dada 


À 
a 
E 
4 
be 
E 


Patersonia.] CXXII. IRIDEX. 405 


tu 
} line vite prominently striate, very shortly dilated and sheathing at’ 


le base. Scapes slender, as long as or longer than the leaves, quite 
glabrous. Spike about 13 in. long, like that of C. pygmea rather narrow, 


, W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., n. 772, Preiss, n. 2352; Vasse 

river, Oldfield ; Stirling range, F. Mueller. 

pee. Leaves nearly 1 ft. long, and scape still longer.—Cape Naturaliste, 
dfield. 
P. Roei, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 31, which I have not seen, is probably the same 

species. : 


8. P. Maxwelli, F. Muell. Stems slender but short as in P. pygmea. 


. Leaves strongly ribbed, with a prominent nerve-like margin, slightly 
o 


lin. long; 


Sty e 


ro 
Staminal tube slender, the filaments scarcely free at the E 
axwelli, F. Muell. 


articulate at the base of the anthers.— Genosiris Mi 
viL Si: 


W. Australia, M'Callum's Inlet, Maxwell, 


us wool. rac 1 
ong, narrow, acute, brown, rather smooth and shining, with very fine 


obovate, ł in. long, the inner ones minute, tami unn 

rather long and slender. Style apparently articulate near the | 

the anthers.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. i. 32; Genosiris pygmea, F. Muell. 

phim Drum coll. n, 770; Gordon river, Preiss 

` i mond, 1st . ^, ; Go river 1 

v. t ee: Boemie Bae and adjoining districts, F. Mueller, Oldfield, and 
others; Salt river, Maxwell. 


406 : CXXII. IRIDEX. [Patersonia. 


P. longifolia, R. Br. Prod. 303. Very near to P. sericea, but 
3 ime scarcely above 1 line broad, sometimes very long, sometimes 
not much exceeding the spike. Scape 3 to 8 in. long. Spike smaller 
than in P. sericea, the outer bracts often not much above 1 in. long, but 
in SA respects like those of that species drying black, covered when 
young with a silky wool, and prominently striate when the wool wears 

T €—— longifolia, F. Muell. F UAR vii. 35. 
Wales. Grose river, R. Brown; Hunter's river, Oldfield ; Port Jackson 
Bins Mountains, 5 Moore, Vica, inni others ; Cape Sturt, ackliouse.— Perhaps 

á icity of P. s 


. P. sericea, R. Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 1041, Prod. 303. Stems 
scarcely any. Leaves radical, Tur erect and rigid, ' rarely above 2 lines 
broad, the edges very woolly at the base when young. es shorter 


times very minute Blamante at E shortly free but at len h often 
wer. le joi 


wv 


ions "Por Bowe Brow qoem inna F. Melle; ; Wide bay, 
Leehharde; ¢ Clason Mountulca: fpei Dawson river, Woolls. 

. Wal on, R. Brown, Sieber, n. 196, and others; New Eng- 
land, "O. Stuart 3 Dana ce river, Mod sire river and Mount Mitchell, Beckler ; 
southward to Twofold ke F. 

Victoria. Ge ver and Maná "Wellington, F. Mueller 
Var. ^ egi eae diis fully 3 lines broad.— Blue idani Fraser. 
, Edw. Bot. Reg. t. 51, seems to represent a glabrous state of P. sericea, 
it is ety ‘not the P. glabrata, B. Br. 


dark-ooloured and striate as in J . sericea, but rarely much above 
Flowers usually numerous, the wool of the ovary and of the 
Dade of f the tube loose and very co . Perianth-tube not exceeding 
the bracts; outer s ts of the li very broad and rounded, of à 
deep weise ; inner segments small, obovate or oblong naa 
cape sli E mu: .—Sweet, Fl. Austral. t. 15; 
uell. Fragm. vii. 3 


w. ace Lucky E ER. Brown, and probably the same locality, Baxter. 
Var. Jatifolia. Leaves 3 lines broad.—P. pannosa, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 29. 
i 


Patersonia.) CXXII. IRIDEX, : 407 


13. P. rudis, Zndl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 29. This species is again 
closely allied to °P. sericea, het a coarser ibt; usually larger in al ^ 
tes and uppe 
onn of the scape and on 9 margins of € leaves near the base, si 


flowered spikes with dark-coloured prominently striate loosely woolly 
outer bracts the same as in the three s species.— Genosiris 
pond F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 35. 
W. Australia. Pret river, S EIER 1sf coll., n. 774, Preiss, n. 2347. 


14. P. macrantha, Stem very short and thick. Leaves 
above 1 ft. long, about 3 pm broad, neither very rigid nor marginate 
like those of P. limba ta, the keel often but not always woolly at the 
base. Scape flattened, above 1 ft. Meer in our specimens, s, silky-pubes- 
cent under the spike. Outer bracts about 3 in. long, very slightly 


Debs t, the upper 
lines broad, finely 


the stem, rather ev, rarely exceeding the leaves, either quite gla- 
brous as well as the spike, or the upper par rt silky-hoary with a very 


long, vi 

narrow, pale-coloured and often slightly s silky -hoary, PME, striate, 
with broad scarious margins. Perianth-tube shortly exceedin, 
bracts, thinly und at the base as RA as the ovary; outer segments - 
of the limb about $ in. long in some € above 1 in. in others ; 


Staminal column rather Ay ng and slender.—Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 7 
Genosiris glabrata, ; F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 35; P. media, R. Br. Le. 
Queensland. Shoalwater " R. Brown; Moreton island, F. Muelle: 
.N. S. Wales. Port Jackson, R. Brown and others . Hastings "em Clarence 
rivers, agg Mov Kaigani Q, go rt; Newcastle, 
pai Peak, F. Mueller ; entrance to om river, “O. Walter. 
species varies: s much i in the length of the stem, in that of the oner bracts, and in 
ihe Ete or pubesce ote na Mid ur acts, —R. Brown's P. media only differs from his 
glabrata in the latter respect. 
16. P. Drumm F. Muell. Herb. Stems very short. Leaves 
epe but very flat, glaucous, often twisted, the thickened nerve-like 
argins ciliate towards the base when young, the longest 6 to 8 in. 


408 x CXXII. IRIDEX. vac 


nerves. Flowers blue, avem but so on injured by worms in the 
specimens examined that I have been unable to ascertain the structure 
of the — ic the anthers and large reflexed stigmatic lobes 
quite these o 

wW. waa Vica Swan river, Drummond. 


17. P. inzequalis, Benth. Stems lengthening to 1 or 2 im. and 
covered with the closely imbricate distichous bases of the leaves, which 
are rigid, erect, under 1 ft. long, 1 to 14 lines broad, very strongly 
striate, and loos sely silky- -woolly towards the hys on both surfaces. 


prominen t base so as to give the spike an puerta gibbous as rate 
Flowers few. Ovary somewhat hairy. Perianth-tube glabrous, about 
as ser " hend bracts ; outer segments of the limb obovate, 3 in. long, 
the very short, broadly obovate or orbicular. Staminal 
a: o pee, the filaments very shortly free at the apex. Style 
articulate at or about the m 

W. Australia. Stokes Inlet, Maxwell, 


18. P. graminea, Benth. Stems exceedingly short, “con ge on the 
rhizomes, the outer brown scales and bases of the s thickened 
almost into bulbs. _ Leaves very narrow, flaccid, eati veined, 


young ” Seap slender, terete, Pasi 1 ft. long, covered at the base 
with a white cotton wool, glabrous from the middle upwards. Spikes 
9 to 10 lines poe the sa brat inserted above the lowest, but not 
so i semen re at t as in P. inaequalis, both of them finely ribbed. 


open, but in the bud the pinihit column is very s short, the st 
articulate at the base of the anthers, the stigmatic lobes ‘dilated at 


W. Australia, Drummond, n. 196 and 5th coll., n. 326. 


| - babianoides, Benth. Rhizome short with the stem and 
leaves deer bulbous at the base as in P. graminea. Leaves l or 
nly n. long, 3 or 4 lines broad in the middle but tapering 


torson] CXXII. IRIDEÆ. 409 


ments of the limb large and obovate, the inner ones small, with subu- 
late points. Mugen. very shortly united. Stigmati c lamina of the 
style broad, but not d. 

bong river, Drummond, 1st coll., n. 160; Hampden, Cla 


3. MOR ABA, Linn. 


Perianth regular, divided to the ovary into 6 segments spreading 
almost or quite from the base, " nearly eae ual or the inner ones rather 
narrower. Filaments short, free; anthers pm Style Japy divided 
into 3 oblong or w aris vaia ike branches, opposite to an arching 
over the stamens. Capsule oblong ov oid or Senses opening in 
3 valves, the perioalp Or AME or thick.—Herbs with a thick o 
short yes e and fibrous roots. Leaves mostly ayt cal. Stems erect, | 
without any or with oe or two leaves, renda the bracts subtending 
the branches of the inflorescences. Flowers usually rather large, pedi- 
cellate, in spikes or clusters, solitary within the subtending bract, each 

ower opposed toa bract on the same node, the outer bract of the spike. 
usu send longer SR the subtending one. 
e genus is opie South African, the ool Australian hiie as far as 
pe 
Th 


pyi in Lord Howe's island, The limits o of the genus som eiut un- 
certain, and F. Mueller proposes the unitin ‘the : e : 
ever, as to most species, MS marked, especi diy as to the for he qe ay it is 


1. M. Robinsoniana, F. Muell. Fragm. 153. Rhizome very 
short. Radical leaves attaining "n or 6 ft. in "length and 2 to 4 in. in 


or cluste sym er 


© 
= 


branches oblong-spathulate, obtuse, about 4 in. ten. Capsule above 
l p sy long, 3 in. broad, cor iaceous, » the fruiting pedice 
opposed bradtic-iivie iana, F. Muell. 1.c.; G. Benn. in | 
Chea 1872, 3 
N. bore, FA —Known as the “ 
ding FI is eet le. is Lord Ho scade sre ied genus, die habit i is that of the st 
allied Pardanihas Chinensis 1 the lowers nearly those of Morea iridioides. 


410 CXXII. IRIDER. [ Orthrosanthus. 


4. ORTHROSANTHUS, Sweet. 


Perianth regular, with a short tube and 6 nearly equal spreading 
segments. Filaments short, free; anthers oblong, the cells contiguous. 
Styles or rek branches linear, ‘almost filiform, Free dilated and 


denticulate at the end, shorter than the anthers and alternate with | 


he Capsule sessile or nearly so, oblong, 3-a aed opening. loculi- 
cidally i in 3 valves.— Herbs with a "perennial short rhizome. Leaves 


present) opposed each to a flower on the same n 
The genus is limited to Southern and Western Australia. It is been generally re 
fe isyrinchium, but besides jaa. t stamens and the very different capsules, the 
inflorescence gives ita a ve ery distinc 
Spikes with several (more than s pus the M bracts 
usually brown-scarious at the end. Capsule obtu 
Plant glabrous usually tall. Spikes all eai or both sessile 


and pedunculate in the same bract 1. O. multiflorus. 
Plant low, the leaves woolly on the edge when; young. Spikes : 
ew, all Potion. or vsp one sessile 2. O. Muelleri. 


e en 
Leaves 2 to 24 lines broad. Outer bracts of the spikes white- 
scarious at the ui capsule shortly and obtusely acuminate 3. O. laxus. 
Leaves 4 to 1 line broad. pus rmost bract green to the end. 
Capsule distinctly pex 
Lim 1-flowered, v bel sumeroas, ‘all more or less s pedumculate, 
m tall. Leaves long . de Wf PO TR 


l. O. multiflorus, Sw t, Fl. Austral. t. 11. ppv ve 


4, O. gramineus. 


one u ually sessile Meus each bract along the main rhachis = 
acinidint ied by 1 others within the same bract, but on rig! 1 
peduincles often longét pu the canal ot bract.  Outermost bract o 


at the top; inner ones entirely ous. tabs about 1 m 
long above the ovary; segments of the limb een pem 2 in. long, the 
outer ones rather kartonok than the inner. ary contr 


s. Aiii alia. T we ER. Brown, Baxter, F. Mueller ; Portland and 
Cape Nelson, Allitt. ll 
W. Australia, Cape Naturaliste, Oldfield; Scott's brook, Thomas river, M: 


: 
: 


2 outer bracts, the second as well as the inner r membranous ones diner 


mE Mur 


CERA 


ONT 


Pies. 


Orthrosanthus. | CXXII. IRIDEX. 411 


Var. hebecarpa. Capsule villous. —W. Australia ? Herb. Hooker. 


the short diagnosis given is insufficient to distinguish it either from O. multiflorus or 


O. Muelleri, Benth. A small slender species, the stems rarely 
1 ft. high, glabrous or slightly woolly towards the base. Leaves 
shorter than the stems, 1 to 14 lines broad, woolly on the keel and. 
inner margin when young. Spikes 2 to 4 on the stem, all pedunculate 
or the lower one sessile, resembling those of O. multiflorus in the brown 
scarious apices of the bracts, but rather smaller. Flowers usually 3 or 
4inthe spike. Capsule obtuse, not longer than the bracts. 
W. Australia, Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll, n. 767; Stirling range, P. 
Mueller. i 
3. O. laxus, Benth. Quite glabrous, the rhizome sometimes slightly 
elongated. Leaves 2 to 14 ft. long, 2 to 24 lines broad. Inflorescence 


W., Australia an river, Drummond, 1st coll., n. 769, Collie, Preiss, n. 2230 ; 
aeu river, Oldfield; Stirling range, F. uéller; Swan river and Bremer bay, 
axwell, 


4. O. gramineus, Benth. Quite glabrous. Leaves 6 in. to near - 
1 ft. long, not 1 line ‘and mostly not above 4 line broad. Stem scarcely 
exceeding the leaves, the leafy bracts at the base of the peduncles in 
and lanceolate. Spikes 1 to 3 on each stem, on long peduncles, eac 
ith 2 y ex 


n. 2229, 
5. O. polystachyus, Benth. Quite glabrous. Leaves 14 to 2 ft. 
long, 2 to 3 lines broad. Stems attaining 2 to ., the inflorescen 


acu striate, : 
and broad. Spikes usually many within each bract, all shortly pedun- 
culate and 1-flowered, each with 2 unequal bracts, the longest not } in. 
ong. Flowers blue, apparently rather smaller than in 0. multiflorus. 
Capsule glabrous, obtuse, longer than the bracts. — . 

W. Australia. Probably Swan river, Drummond, n. 206 and 357; Cape Natu- 
raliste, Oldfield; Warren river, Walcot. 


412 CXXII. IRIDEÆ. [Sisyrinchium. 


*5. SISYRINCHIUM, Linn. 


subtending the cluster on the main axis, the second outer bract and the 
inner membranous ones each opposed to a pedicel within the cluster, 
fruiting pedicels exserted from the bracts. 

e genus is widely spread over North and South America, one species also found 
in various districts of the Old World, but in maay places introduced. pane two Aus- 
n ones 


1. S. Bermudiana. 
2. S. micranthum. 


1. S. Bermudiana, Li»; Cav. Diss. vi. 346, t. 192. A perennial 
with erect stems of 6 in. to 1 ft., prominently 2-angled or 2-edged, or 
with 2 narrow acute wings sometimes broader under the bracts. Flowers 
2 to. 6 together MGR 3 or 4) in a terminal cluster, the filiform 
pedicels almost concealed within the 2 outer sheathing braéts, of which 
the outermost one often ends in a leaf tip exceeding the flowers, but 
occasionally both are nearly equal. Parinath blue, the segments 3 to 
4 lines long ' 

À very common North American species also indigenous perhaps in some parts of 
Western Europe and an introduced colonist in many other countries. It is said to be 
well established in some part of N. S. Wales and Victoria. 


*2. S. micranthum, Cav. Diss. vi. 345, t. 191. A slender annual, 
not above 6 in. high, the branches flattened and 2-angled but not 


two from lower axils., Outer bracts of the cluster $ to lin. long. 
Pedicels very slender. Perianth- segments about 14 lines long. Staminal 
tube about half that length.— Bot. Mag. t. 2110. 

A South American species, introduced as à weed into several parts of Queensland 
and IN. S. W'ales, and now said to be exceedingly abundant about Brisbane and 
Port Jackson, 

6. LIBERTIA, Spreng. 
(Renealmia, R. Br: ; Nematostigma, Dietr.). 

Perianth regular, divided to the ovary into 6 nearly equal spreading 

segments. Filaments free; anthers linear-sagittate. Style shorter - 


 Libertia.] .CXXII. IRIDEX. 413 


than the filaments, with 3 linear-subulate spreading branches, stigmatic 

and minutely toothed or fringed at the end. Capsule ovoid or globular, 

3-valved, the pericarp thin. —Herbs with a short often very short lea 

base, and grass-like flat leaves almost a: thou “ee distichous. 

Flowering stems erect, "uk or branched, with 1 or 2 leaves below 
in 


o New quib d m— South America, one of the 


«The 
Australian species iis id the same as a New Zealand one, the other — The 


enus is reduced by F. ueller to Sisyrinchium, in which Brown An the first in- 
stance placed his three species; but besides the differences indicated in his Adden 
and recognised by subsequent so UM rvers, » M inflorescence gives it so distinct an aspect 
that I am unable to concur in 
Fl t paniculate, the roni iden 1 to 11 ft. high. 
Akay segments about 4 lines . 1. L. paniculata. 
Sian clusters few or solitary, he Alowering-stem. "under 1 ft. : 
Perianth-segments 2i to 3 lines lon . 2. L. pulchella. 
aniculata, Spreng. ie i. 168.. Rhizome m leafy base of 
the stem very short. Leaves almost radical, grass-like, flaccid, ? to 
1} ft. long and mostly about 3 lines broad. Stem 1 to 1l ft. h gh, with 
sometimes a short leaf below the nnna Panicle oblong loose and 
S Nat occupying often half the stem, glabrous as well as the whole 
RE slightly glandular-pa scent. Bracts membranous- 
kanion, the lower ones rather long and acuminate, those subtending 
the flowers 3 t es long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or acute. 


as in the non-Australian species. Filaments dilated at the base but 
not united. Style column very short, with 3 linear-subulate spreading 
branches, minutely fringed at the end. Capsule a 3 to 4 
lines diameter. —Sisyrinchium paniculatum, R. Br. 3 ell 
Fragm. vii. 91; Renealmia paaa R. Br. Prod. pte Nemato- 
stigma paniculatum, Dietr. Sp. Pl. ii. 510. 

"S. Wal Port Jackson and A A s river, R. Brown; Saee Mountains 
Woolls, Miss Atkins on; northward to a river, Beckler; New England, C 
Stuart ; pe fae to Illawarra, A. Cunningham; Twofold bay, E “Mueller; , 
Howe, C. Walter 

Victoria. Bovey: and Genoa rivers, F. Mueller. 

. L. pulchella, Spreng. Pet i.169. A much suae plant than 

L. reet e the losh base of the stems more slender but often elon- 


gated to from 1 to 3 in. and Slightly branched. (3. gt s rarely 6 in. long 
and 2 


to 3 lines broad, often not above that size. Scape or 


414 CXXII. IRIDEJE, ges 


membranous, striate, acuminate, the subtending ones 4 to j in. long, 
the inner ones smaller. Pedicels filiform, 2to Lin. long, often glandular- 


Songer filiform, very shortl dilated at the base. Style of L. pani- 
lata. Capsule about 2 lines diameter, opening to the base in three 
‘anes which often retain pw see s long alter they open.—Sisyrinchium 
pulchellum, R. Br. Prod. . Muell. Fragm. vii. ; Renealmia 
pulchella, R. Br. Prod. Addend: a; Nematostigma peen Dietr. Spec. 
Pi. ii. 510; ; Libertia Laurencii, ' Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 34, t. 129; 
L. micrantha, A. Cunn. in Hoo k. f. Fl. N. Zeal. i. 259. 
x Wales. Grose river, 2. Brown; Blue Mountains, C. Moore ; Port Jack- 
oolls. 
toria. Upper Targil and Upper Latrobe rivers, Mount Baw-Baw, sources of the 
fox. &c., F. Mueller 
asmania. Abundant in various parts of the Sag, ascending to 4000 fi. J. D. 
Hooker, and others 
The species is alo i in New Zealand. fad common Tasmanian form described by 
Hooker as L. Laurencii, gon rather large flowers, the perianth-segments about 3 lines 
long; but some y entm specimens, piali. from dins river, Milligan, Brown s 
own, and some of the New Zealand ones have them remarkably small, the perianth- 
segments scarcely 2 lines long. The majority of the New South Wales and New 
Zealand ones are more or less intermediate in size. 


7. CAMPYNEMA, Labill. 


Perianth agni divided to the ovary into 6 ma equal segments 
— oo e base. Stamens 6, the filaments free; anthers 
openi nde but sagittate with short obtuse brin at the — 
Styles 3, gie from the base, rather thick, obtuse and stigmatic at 
the e nd, at first connivent, at length spre ading. Capsule chad or 
i y code more or less 


the 
developm ment, at first terminal but seg. opposed to a linear bract 
by the develop of its axillary shoo 


e genus is endemic in Tasmania, with exceptional characters, to whatever Order ` 
it may be ascribed. Brown, Judging from Labillardiére’s figure and description, place ed 


it amongst anomalous genera at the end of Melanthacee, from which it differs essen- 
tially in its Lo inferior o ent iid t dde a character to which less importance 
was then ait than has since been attributed to it. Lindley enumerated 3 Kei 


Amargllidea, ad which Kunth appears to have advisedly expunged it, as it appe? 
in his index, but not in the text of his fifth volume. F. Mueller refers it without es 


Campynema.] — CXXII. IRIDEJE. 415 


tation to Hypoxidea, although the seeds have not the crustaceous testa nor the pro- 

jecting hooked Aium peculiar to that suborder or tribe. It differs from all the above 
ns wo important SD ers—the anthers opening outwards, and the centri- 

fuga Satoreecenoe, 1 in both of which it agrees with dide amongst which it appears to 

me to constitute an reno hexandrous genu 

Plant of 1 to a narrow linear or hires HN leat — . 1 C lineare. 

Dwarf Mihi, vidi Mid 2 oblong lanceolate short leaves . . 2. C. pygmea 


C. lineare, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 93, t. 121. Rhizome very 
ion, with rather thick fibrous roots. - Stems slender, varying from 3 


higher up. Flowers either solitary and terminal or 2 to 4, the lateral 
ones opening later on short or long peduncles, the d one becoming 
opposed to a linear bract. erianth-segme nts ovate or ovate-lanceo — 


, the tips long cohering but at length recurved. 
Ovary smb Mero or almost linear. Capsule when fully WRF 
jin. long, tapering towards the base.—Ho ok. f. FI. 
Pm glana pon eee. Syst. vii. 

Macquarrie Harbour, Recherche bay, &c., ascending to 
4000 ft, Paws Miloun, pde C. Stuart. 


2. C. pygmeeum, . Muell. A small stout plant of 1 to 1} in. 
Leaves usually 2, atid g-tadiousiatey obtuse, recurved spreading, $ to 
iin. long and 2 to 3 lines broad. Flowers 1 or rarely 2 on a stem not 
exceeding the leaves. Ovary shortly turbinate but the structure the 
same as in C. lineare, of which F. Mueller thinks it may be an alpine 

ariety 


Tasmania. Summit of Mount Lapeyrouse in the tufts of Donatia, Oldfield. 


Orper CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 


Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or oblique. Perianth superior, with 
or without a distinct tube, the limb of 6 coloured or peta al-like segments, 


Ovary inferior or rarely halt copies ribs oe Nes with eral Scilly nume- 
rous rarely only 1 or 2 ovules in each cell, amphitropous anatropous or 


a 


416 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. 


rarely ness eM attached to an axile pipeanis, or. rarely the ovary 
reduced to 1 the abortion of 2 carpels or by the obliteration of 
the erc iri ruit spen a XT E opening loculicidally either 

t di s, rarely succulent and 
indehiscent, or bursting I Seeds albuminous, ri a smal 
or linear embryo, the radicle near to or more or less distant from the 
hilum.—Herbs rs a perennial short or tuberous or A Snir rhizome 
-or bulbous bas o e es werd demie or nearly so, the "sheathing 

ulbous, 


8 bn d lien over the warmer and nace regions of the 


TS Pn Iac mre Nee 


e 
Orchidete in their lepide: (s: sip oblique flowers, from Jridew and Bwrmanniacee m —— 
their centripetal not enint inflorescence and in their stamens, from Taccacee 1 
the majority of Orchi and Burmanniacee in their axile placentum, from Dioso —— 

ride in their he rapt f foor, and in all cases there are other characters either 
less constant or ọf minor i a. | 

Amongst these pion + ge NUM TS, or denies have been s supposed to to be 
distinctly secti cds equitant leaves and f ype tomentose flowers, but 
Hamodorum 


p in some aaron quit t in Vellozie i jha loner included in 
eec. ; shia valli the greater porti ^ 
yllid æ, would exclude Heemodorum itself as being triandrous; but although Iridee 
e almost anive i ous and Amaryllidee hexa , this n 
single or double, if relied upon absolutely, separates the Orders much less natural 
he difference in inflorescence wherever i e rtained, accompanied as 1 
an apparently constant difference in the anthe en " florous, 
be some of the above mentioned characters m alled in 
aking therefore the Amaryllidee h ne Order, it would include be- 


id. i 
sides the five tribes or suborders here enumerated, which are all common to À 
well as the Old World, the — which are con ned to America, except à single 
Afri ican species and the A/stremieriec, all American, in which however the secondary 

orescence appears to be centrifi “gel 


CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. 417 


— Tree 1. Heemodoreee.—Perianth glabrous, divided to the ovary into distinctly 
2-seriate segments. rogos very idio gany laterally niite or terete. Inflo- 
rescence compound or rarely nang re 
Stamens 3. Ovules 2 in each cell. Cap almost superior, 
e. ow 1. Hamoporvum. 
s 6. Ovules 1 to each carpel, t the ovary often 1-celled. Nut 
inferior, fidokiisant, l-seeded. Flowers small . . 2. PuLEBOCARYA. 


i E 2. Conostylese.— Periant th plumose-woolly or tomentose outside, the tu 
iy. continued arvis the ovary, the lobes nunáre a 1-seriate. ne mas very ind. 
nul beue flattened or fd nflorescence compound simply racemose or capi- 
tate, rarely 1-florous. Stamens 6. 
Pieni Lyra, ii el into 2 erect flat appendages above ie 
of the a s. E ules ner. Flowers UN 


he in a] ead o t mall cj 3. TRIBONANTHES. 


many M a cell, not in Capsule openin in 3 valves 
at the apex. Flowers in beads or cymes, rarely solitary . . 4. Cowosrvuis. 
Perianth tubular, the limb equal. Ovules several, in 2 rows 
in each cell, the ovary adnate at the angles only. Flowers in 
short unilateral racemes on a branchin : 5. Buancoa. 
Perianth long, tubular, the limb very ns more re split on the 
lower side. Flowers in unilateral racemes or spikes on a 


dic peduncle. 
Ovules many or rarely 2 to 4 in ipu cell, Capsule 3-valved 
at the apex. Wool of the perianth red qn d w. . 6, ÁNIGOZANTHOS: 


1. MacROPODIA. 


Trise 3. Htypoxidese.—Perianth hairy or rarely glabrous. Stigmas or stigmatic 
lobes large, free or connate. Ovules many, in 2 rows ws in each cell. Seeds with a crus- 
taceous testa, sal Ow oduced into a hooked beak. Leaves horizo flattened, 

channelled or t 73 in a simple spike or raceme or 


Flowers sessile within sheathing » imbricate bracts in a dense 
Spike. Vise usually with a long tu OPES 
fono solitary or few in a loose aig ore raceme. Perianth 
vided to the ad into irae segmen cV 


8. CurcuLico. 


9. Hrroxm. 


Trine 4. Agavese.— Perianth glabrous. Stigmas small. Tall often woody y plants 
not bulbous. Leaves horizontally flat, channelled (or terete?). Infloresce 
pound. 
yn leaves very numerous. E large, "x in a a 
pound head or thyrsus . i 
eæ.—Perianth glabrous. Stigmas small. uii coe 


Trise 5. Euamarylli 
Ma pit is fat, avid or terete. Flowers umbellate or rary solitary 
on le 


. 10. DoRYANTHES. 


is rs large. Ovules several, in 2 rows in each cell 11. Crivum. 
yum. MT below the middle by a cor 
ary ed, kie kie: in each cell. Leaves broad, with 
distant primary 
Ovary 1-celled, d " | ossi Leaves 3 narrow v with close veins, 
ith distant t primary veins 5 


. 12. Evrycwes. 
. 18, CALOSTEMMA, 
VOL. VI. EE 


418 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDE X. 


. Hzmoporex.—Rhizome or base of the stem short and 
Mack oon fibrous roots and sometimes covered with the brown 
sheathi ing bases of old leaves so as to resemble bulbs. Leaves mostly 
radical, with distichous sheathing bases and long laterally flattened or 
terete lamine. Drs often with a few short leaves. Flowers gla- 
brous, in cymes or panicles, De reduced to a simple raceme. 
Perianth divided À the ovary into 6 segments in 2 rows. Ovules 
1 or 2 to each carpel or cell. 


1. HZEZMODORUM, Sm. 


Seeds , flat, with a wing-like margin, Dey attached to a 
Mena ice —Erect iro Red herbs, ase of the stem or rhi- 

zome sometimes thickened and enclosed in the persistent sheathing 
base of the leaves so as to r vol narrow bulbs, the fibrous roots 
ro please ie thick — spongy and often red. Leaves ety the 


The ince is iid to str lia. 
Flowers in pom globular or oblong heads on dwarf stems 
under 6 in.). Leaves nearly te 
Leaves “thick and short. Flow riim — Perianth- i à 
segments nearly equal. Tasmanian spec 1. H. distichophyllum. 
Leaves slender and long. Flower-heads oblong, usually two, 
ter perianth-segments shorter. m species . 2. H. brevicaule. 
Toros Vy edite above 3 lines long, in clusters of 2 to 40 


peus peciit and on the pedicels narrow, not sca xe 
D singly onem in a Lire ong qnid 8. H. sparsiflorum. 
Flo 


e e. 
Stout Pint of 2 to 3 ft. Outer pernticiegnente 


more than 1 the length of the inner 4. H. spicatum. 
Slender plant under 1 ft., oblong- bulbous at the base. 
Quter perianth-segments i as long as the inner . . 4. H. brevisepalum. 
vendi € nd on the pedicels broad with scarious 


Tall ved Bracts at least $ as long as the flowers. 
Flower-clusters several doen m branches of an 
nicle . : è 


6. H. paniculatum. 


iaa i ll 


Hemodorum.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEX. 419 


7. H. laxum. 
H. simplex. 


9o 


ower-clusters solitary or few on long peduncles 
Flowers (dark red, livid or black) above 3 lines long, very 
numerous, in dense terminal corymbose cymes. Leaves 


Perianth-segments nearly equal. 
Flowers (black) tisnally in 2 or more distinctly peduncu- 
ate compact cymes or heads. Western species . . 9. H. simulans. 
Flowers (greenish purple) forming one compact compound 
inal cyme. Eastern species 
2to3lines broad . . . . <. + .10. H. planifolium. 
Leaves slender, terete. 204 vos s) sos 1e M teretifolium, 


; *3 M 1 + 


uter 
Flowers (red ?) ina compact compound terminal cyme. 
Tropical species 


8 SES A ER NR CUP I DIE UE SIDE 
Flowers about 2 lines long, green or yellow, in panicles or 


corymbose panicle . . - +. + « + + + + + 18. H. subvirens. 
Leaves flat, rigid, and glaucous. Flowers loosely racemose 
along the branches of a spreading panicle . . . . - 
Leaves slender, terete. 
Flowers very shortly pedicellate along the branches of a 
spreading panicle. . . . ak us . . 15. H. parviflorum. 
. Flowers my: sessile along a simple rhachis . . . . 16. H. leptostachyum. 
Flowers singly pedicellate in a diebitetiodi panicle . . 17. H. tenuifolium. 


14. H. ensifolium. 


loose sheathing bracts of 4 to $ in. Flowers not many i a com act 


terminal head scarcely $ in. diameter. Perianth shortly adnate at the 
base, the segments oblong or lanceolate, about 2 lines long and a 
nearly equal. Filaments as long as the perianth, with small anthers. 
pes almost entirely superior, deeply tridymous.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. 
ii. 35. 


Tasmania. Heathy ground near Port Macquarrie, Milligan. 


H. brevicaule, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 64. Stems not above 6 in. 
h d ith the broad sheathing bases of the leaves 
sometimes splitting into fibres. Radical leaves with a terete slender 
amina, sometimes 1 ft. long or even more; leaves or bracts under the 


in one two or three dense oblong heads of ł to lin., the bracts 
Within the head small. Inner perianth-segments in some specimens a 
little above 2 lines, in others nearly 3 lines long, narrow and obtuse, 


the outer ones 4 to 4 shorter. Filaments thick, nearly as long as the 


,N. Australia. Se 
Liverpool river, Gullivér. pa 


420 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDER. [Hemodorum. 


3. H. rsiflorum 
species, with the habit. and 1 folia T: of H. laxum nd a ‘similarly divari- 
cately branched panicle, but the flowers smaller, on pedicels longer than 


th 
rently sina smaller than in H. laxum, but not seen ripe. 
Australia. Drummond, n. 58. 


4. H. spicatum, R. Br. Prod. 300. Stems simple, attaining 2 
3 ft., — at the shortly thickened base by the short broad Ticats: 
ing ‘bases of ne leaves, but loosely so and not so bulb-like (in the 
ML seen) as in H. Ureeisepalum. and H. simplex. Leaves from their 
short sheathing HE tapering into a long very narrow linear-subulate 
lamina. Flowers b i 


Aidisiita! bay, R. Brown; King George's e and aedi dis- 
Poul "Preiss, n. 1423, pos and others; Swan river, ce 1421 
river, ldfield. —The roots are said to be eaten by the native 

5. H. brevisepalum, Benth. Stems dabik i rather slender, under 
1 ft. high and enclosed at thè base in the closely-pressed mem mbranous 
sheathing bases of old leaves, forming an oblong bulb as in H. simp 
Leaves tapering into linear-terete lamine, usually longer than the stem 
Flowers in distant pairs along a simple rhachis as in Æ. spicatum, but 
fewer, as large or rather larger, and the outer segments broadly ovate, 
very shortly a acuminate and only half as ie as t the é 

W. Australia, Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n 


6. H. panicula ; 
and perhaps a variety rine It a pears ; to be a still aller of ou 


rgins. Perianths rather larger, the outer segments rather shorter 
and considerably broader than the inner ones. seem dl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 
15? partly. 
W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st. coll. n. 742; Murchison river, 
Oldfield. 


H. strictum, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 15, from Wellington asia, probably belongs 10 
H. paniculatum, as well as Preiss's n. 1425, from Victoria distric 


TUM 


ae 


Hemodorum.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEX. 421 


7, Hh laxum, R. Br. Prod. 300. Stems rigid, 1} to 2 ft. high. 
Lower leaves 10 in. to above 1 ft. long, rigid, striate, thick or some- 


. W. Australia. King G 's Sound, A. B zu " Mueller ; 

Veo ond sckwood amr, Cites ai Ges tate ae i 

8. H. simplex, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 44. Stem rather slender, 

l to 14 ft. high, not much thickened at the base but covered with the 

broad membranous sheathing bases of the lower leaves, so as to form a 
bu ry , 


radical ones sometimes short sometimes 6 to 8 in. long; those of the 


very broad at the base, the inner much convolute. Capsule 3 to 4 lines 
broad, but not quite ripe in the specimens seen. 
W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st. coll. ; Kalgan river, Oldfield ; Lake 
T. 


H. polycephalum, Endl. in Pl. in Preiss. ii. 16, from Swan river, is probably founded 
on specimens of this species with more than one head of flowers, those which Lindley 
described having had mostly only a single head. 


9. H. simulans, F. Muell. Fragm. vii. 117. A stout rigid species, 
one of Drummond's specimens above 4 ft. high. Leaves flat, rigid, 


the end of the stem and of 1 to 3 long peduncles. Bracts linear or 
narrow-lanceolate, without scarious margins. Perianth about 4 in. 


base. Filaments not longer than the anthers, which sometimes do not 
teach to above half the length of the perianth, although sometimes 
nearly its length. 
uL; DATAE Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., also n. 310; Murchison river, 
This was considered by Lindley as the same as the Eastern H. planifolium, and in- 
deed is scarcely to be distinguished from it except by the usually more promi- 
t * x 


422 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEX. [Hemodorum. 


nently veined leaves, and by the flowers in more compact heads or cymes, but usually 2 
or more such heads on unequal peduncles, instead of forming together only one terminal 
compact corymb. 


10. H. planifolium, R. Br. Prod. 300. Stems from a thick base 

2 to 3 ft. high, scarcely "branched below the inflorescence. Lower or 
radical leaves long, grass-like, flat, from under 2 lines to nearly 3 lines 
broad, the upper “ones few and short. Flowers numerous, of a livid 
purple c or greenish at the base, in short forked racemes or cymes col- 

ected in a compact more or less cor ym bose donee but usually looser 
than in H. coccineum. Bracts narrow, subulate-acuminate, usu rally 
longer than the pedis Perianth-segments Hidat or linear-lanceolate, 
obtuse in the bud, appearing acuminate when open the margins 
being involute, about 5 lines long, the outer ones scarcely shorter than 
the inner. Stamens much shorter than the perianth ; anthers linear, 

t as the filaments. Ovary wholly in ferior, the summit 
«idend only 3 Y protuberances. Capsule more than half superior, 
tridymous, 4 to 5 lines broad.— Bot. Mag. t. 1610. 

N. pau to the Blue Mountains, R. Brown, Sieber, n. a 
and many others; iude and oe rivers, Beckler ; Clarence river, Wilcox 
New Tires Leichha rdt, C. Stua 

The speci n some manner in inflorescence, Pad innen compact or spreading, 
the Wltimaté 1 totns fow and long or numerous and sh 


ll. H. teretifolium, R. Br. Prod. 300. Stature re eera and 
flowers rocissa those of H. planifolium, but the leav om a short 
sheathing base very long, slender, terete, or nearly ex boit 4 line 

mero 


allied species. Perianth-segments narrow and about 5 lines long, the 
outer ones scarcely shorter than the inner as in H. planifolium. 

N. NV. Port Jackson, R. Brown; Illawarra, A. Cunningham, an imper- 
fect specimen, but apparently the same as Brown's plant. 


12. H. coccineum, r. Prod. 300. Stems from a thick base 2 
to 3 ft. high, not Hatchet bite the inflorescence. Leaves at the base 
of > stem 1 to 2 ft. long, flat, 2 to 3 lines temet very finely striate, 

he upper ones few and short. Flowers numerous “red” but drying 
black, in dense cymes forming a compact bhitihal à compound m ose 
pa nicle. Airi ual linear, the outer sie es thick d and di- 
a 


or didy mous by a rtion of on 
tralia. E d he du of Carpentaria, R. Brown, Henne, Gulliver ; 
Upper sae am river, F. M 
nsland. Cape Yor is yo ivray, cures Veitch; Albany island, F. Mueller ; 


Vittioy island, and Monit Elliott, — ; ngham bay, very abundant, Dallachy; 
Cape river and Glenella creek, Bowm 


: 
j 
. 
, 
1 
; 


Hemodorum.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDER, 423 


13. H. subvirens, F. Muell. Fragm. i. 63. A tall species. Lower 
or radicle leaves longer and more flaccid than in H. coccineum, 3 to 
lines broad. Flowers numerous, in a rather looser and more spreading 
corymbose panicle than in that species. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 
nearly as long as the flowers. Perianth scarcely above 2 lines long, 

reenish aphan to F. Mueller’s notes, somewhat yellowish when 

y, the outer segments narow lanceolate acute, the inner ones rather 
rate and more obtuse but not lon 

N. tralia. Rocky hills Be ay’ Vira river, F. Mueller, a single a 
adios in ieri Hosket E represe ted in Herb. F F. Mueller nd one of H. coccineum, 
which, though resembling it in habit, ‘his alle “different flowers 


14. — F. Muell. Fragm. i. 64. A rigid glaucous 
ngos, 2 ft. high or more. Leaves rigid, with long open sheaths, the 


ceolate, obtuse, scarcely 2 lines long, the outer ones quite as long as 
the inner. Stamens about as long as the perianth. Castle nearly 
in. broad. 


N. Australia. M'Adam range, F. Mueller; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 522. 


-oblon es 
ns shorii = € "mi "peri ianth. Capsule although 
nearly ripe not idis 3 lines diam 
N. Australia Brunswick bay, eme coast, 7 Cunningham ; Port Darwin, Schultz, 
n. 723. 


p sinple or Ter n below the uir sip tu 5 e Hr . high. 


N. nae Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 659. 
A. Cunn. Herd. Stems 1} to 2 ft. high. Radical 


17. H tenuifolium, 
and lower leaves with a rather broad short sheathing base, very long, 
slender and almost terete, about j line broad. Panicle loosely divari- 


424 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJX. [Hemodorum. 


eate, the ultimate 1-flowered saris much longer than the flower, 


ra 
the same length, the outer almost membranous with a broad base, the 
inner ones of a thicker consistence, pone orbicular, contracted at the 
base and of a deeper colour when dry. nts attaining nearly the 
length of the perianth ; anthers ovate, ond “slightly exserted. 

Queensland. Peat and boggy ground, shores of Moreton bay and island, A. Cun- 
ningham, F. Mueller. 

Wales. Duval, Leichhardt. 


2. PHLEBOCARYA, R. Br. 


Perianth persistent, divided to the ovary into 6 nearly equal seg- 
ments. Stamens 6; anthers erect, on short filaments, inserted at the 
base of the segments. Ovar inferior, more or less 3-celled when very 


mop a vare = seed. Testa membranous; albumen fles 
Herbs sually more or less ciliate with long haits. Leaves long 
TTO ass- ke. Flowering stems slender, shorter than the 
leaves usually forked or TE gabe divided, with a compact or 
loose cyme of small flowers at the end of each branch. 
i: genus is limited to West Australia. 
Leaves flat, ciliate on the margin only, and vigi tap "ass with- 


ther-connective not niet than the 1. P. ciliata. 
Leaves flat, hairy on the whole surface. er-conn ine shortly E 
pre uced beyond the cells . 2. P. pilosissuma. 
Leaves terete, filiform, sparingly ciliate _Anther-connective much : 
produced beyond the cells ; . 8. P. filifolia. 


l. P. ciliata, R. Br. Prod. 301. Rhizome short and thick. Radical 
Ec with pem black rigid emp bases, narrow-linear, $ to to 13 ft. 
long, 1 to 2 lines broad, rigid or rather flaccid, promin wall? striate, 
more or oes State with lon ng cilia usually distant and sometimes 
only to n young leaves. Flowers mostly about 2 lios long, 
the vidc Mu sais usually rather dense at first € of about 
6 to 12 flowers, each on a very short pedicel in the axil of a linear 
bract of 1 to 2 lines ; as the flowering advances the ankle of the 

cluster sometimes le hen to r lin., the whole inflorescence 
asas a n Mes niga always iil pe Te than the leaves. Perianth- 
ments lanceo ate, evidently spreading when fresh although almost 
erar erect in the dried specimens. Filaments very short; 
anthers oblong, the connective not produced beyond the cells. Ovary 
at the time of flowering 1-celled, "ih. 
central placenta at the base of the cavit , upon wee are seated 3 erect 
oie ovules, but I have occasionally found a persistent axis in 


EE E ML. abe LEE MUR Ime TIE TOC IST ONE AES 2 ng LAT AUTO ee ara ha 
T " 
» 


bn] 


Phlebocarya.| CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 425 


Fg 
in the specimens examined.—Endl 
, W. Australia. King George's Sound, R. Brown, F. Mueller; Capel and Vasse 
rivers, Oldfield ; Hampden, Clarke. 

Var. levis. Leaves rather long, broad, and rigid, with very few cilia only to be seen 
on the young leaves, which, however, I have never found to be absolutely without any. 
—P. levis, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 43; Endl. in. Pl. in Preiss. ii. 29.—Swan river, 
Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 1558; Capel river, Oldfield. i 

9. P. pilosissima, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 23 (as a var. of P. ciliata). 
Leaves erect, rigid, mostly under 1 ft. long, flattened but under 1 line 


0 
Flowers about 2 lines long, the segments narrow but obtuse.  Anther- 
connective produced beyond the cells but not so much so as in P. filifolia. 
Ovary in the flowers examined completely 3-celled, but the dissepiments 
very thin and readily disappearing as the flower withers. 


3. P. fili ul 
Leaves filiform, terete, not conspicuously striate, glabrous except a few 
long cilia near the base, the longest above 1 ft. long. Panicle loose 
and few-flowered, shorter than the leaves. Bracts small, lanceolate 
Perianth about the size of. that of the two preceding species, but the 
segments narrowly acuminate. Anther-connective p reap pro- 
. Ovary more or 


less completely 3-celled, with one ascending acuminate ovule in each 
cell, 


W. Australia, Drummond, n. 207, and 368. 


IBE 9. CowosTYLEX.—Rhizome short with fibrous roots, the 
base of the stem short and sometimes covered with brown sheathing 
bases of old leaves so as to resemble bulbs, or shortly branched and 
densely tufted, or rarely elongated and proliferous-branched. Leaves 

e at the base of the flowering stems, with distichous sheathing 
bases or densely tufted, the lamina long, laterally flattened or terete. 

i u rin 


a in lis 
breviscapa) the limb continuous with the tube, regular or oblique, the 
lobes usually appearing uniseriate and almost 
Stamens 6. ` Stigmas very small at the end of a filiform style. : 

' The Australian genera are all endemic in West Australia, but. some South African 
and American genera are referrible to the same tribe. _ 


426 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Tribonanthes. 


3. TRIBONANTHES, Endl. 


Perianth persistent, more or less woolly, deeply divided into 6 seg- 
ments nearly equal wm C erect at the base and connivent or 
cohering into a short hen spreading. Stamens 6; filaments 
broad, lining -— ae “tube and usually vva ^: it, produced 
beyond it into 2 oh ges; anthers 


channelled lamina. Pie. emma or € in : terminal cyme or 
head. Bràsts lanceolate or ovate, usually acuminate. 


The is limited to West Australia. ig species appear to be very variable 
and difficult to j distiagruluh by positive shia 


ess ie cm n pede on ig back yes longitudinal 


nt laminæ. or more, sessile. Perianth- 
Hm ents glabrous insi cem 1. T. brachypetala. 
RATAA flat on the back. ` Perianth- „segments 
oolly on both sides. 
Rara feitar isoa as ong as or longer than the anthers. ; 
solitary within a broadly-ovate bract; nm 
usually glabrous slong the centre outside $3, 4 Ton 
owers 2 or more, sessile or nearly so. Bracts ovate or 
lanceolate . 8. Tia 
Flowers 2 or more, distinctly pedicellate E T. poche 
Filament-appendages much shorter than the anthers. eng 
solitary or several, on mien ay than the o 5. T. longipetala. 


i ypetala, Lindl. Swan Riv. Pa 44, Stems thickened 
into bulbs at the vee often gres 1 ft. high, more or less woolly i in the 
upper part. Leav to 4, with broad s Eres ases, tapering into 

very narrow vw terete but usually "rines A lamina, the lowest 
sometimes 6 in. long, but sers? very much shorter. Flowers 3 to 6 

e 


2 obovate ap dages longer on the an ther, each with a und 
appendage divided into 4 longitudinal lamine.  Protruding apex of 
the capsule 3-valved.— 7. odora, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 28. 
s Swan river, Drummond, 1st eei Canning river, Preiss, n. 2394; 
between Swan river and King George’ 8 Boi; Harv 
Endlicher does not explain upon what grounds he proposed to suppress Lindley’s 
names for this and the T. longipetala, 


ATES 


Specimens. Bracts 1 or 9, broa 


HB CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEX. 427 


uniflora, Lindi. Span Riv. App. 44. A slender specie none 

t specimen: s above 8 in. high i dl many not above and less 

vis than the others. Tabors of the rhizome with loose Baie ests s 
coatings. Leaves slender, nearly terete. Flowers solitary in all our 
diy ovate, membranous almost scarious, 

the outer one with a short or long green point. Perianth-segments 
3 to 4 lines long, more or less woolly on the upper surface and some- 


the back, e ending in points. by. MESE inlength. Placentas 

des the ovary.—7. violacea, Endl. in 

wa : p ver, perg e coll.; Vasse river, Mrs. Molloy; 

ong Mo mie i dei and Melvill e, Pris n. 1562; King George’ s Sound, 
Muir; Kalgan river, Oldfield; Cape gen xwell. 

short appendages to the filaments pe by Lindley, were probably injured 

AU specimen he examined. I find them about equal to the anthers in Drummond's 
as well as other specimens, but irregular. 

S- T. » Endl. Nov. Stirp. Dec. 97, Iconogr. t. 109. “Ste 
usually Sage 1 ft., woolly in the upper part. Leaves usually ace 
and not so slender as in 7. brachypetala. Flowers 2 to 6 together almost 
sessile in a terminal head or dense cyme. Bracts ovate or lanceolate, 


dag 
but sometimes a double keel a T the centre of the filament before it 
= gy sane into 1 or 2 small intermediate teeth or lobes. 

stralia. King George’s Sound and adjoining districts, Huegel, Oldfield, 
ru Mueller Muir; eastward to Bremes and South-west bays, , Maxwell. 


4. T. variabilis, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 44. Stems often 1 ft. high, 
woolly as in the allied species. Leaves ta ering into a rather thick 
almost terete lamina as in T. australis. Flowers 2 to 6 together or 
sometimes more, in a terminal dense corymb, pe iani but the 
pedicels shorter than the ovary. Perianth-segments oblong, as long as 
or Aa than the n woolly on both sides. Filament-appendages 


quite petal- x 

W.A river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 764, Helmich ; Vasse 
"Y doy; Tunc flats, C. Gray; Busselton, Dreisi. — Perhaps a variety pi 
[o australis. 


5. T. longipetala, Lindl. ing 
several oblong or globose tubers anie eden in membranous 
coatings. Stems usually 2 to 1 ft. high, vadit | 


- Leaves nearly terete, rather thick and not long. Flowers solitary or in 


428 €CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [ Zribonanthes. 


a loose cyme of 2 to 6, ew Pane as long as or longer than the ovary. 
Bracts lanceolate or lin Perianth-segments 5 to 7 lines, usually 
about 6 lines long, narrower than i in the other species, densely covered 
on both sides vl a white cottony wool, the- short erect bases distinct 


dd to the base of the anthers. Placentas pendulous, not half the 
length of the cells, Rand sape Mg several rows of ovules.— 
T URSE Endl. Pl. Preiss 

W. Australia em river, Drum on 1st coll. n. 763, 764; rue n. 1561; 
Upper Hs rived F. Mueller, Miss Warburton; King George’s Sound, Muir. 


4. CONOSTYLIS, R. Br. 


almost Eigen or 2 inner ones rather smaller. Stamens 


anthers oblong or linear, the cells at the base or to t iddl 
Ovary inferior or > para pr d 3-celled, the summit conical, taper- 
ing into a filiform style, with 3 mall adnate terminal stig 


Ovules several often numerous in each cell, crowded on a more or less 
stipitate placenta attached above the middle of the cell, and usually 
but not always in its inferior or adnate portion. Capsule opening locu- 
licidally at the free conical apex in 3 coriaceous valves, the style itself 
often persistent and splitting almost to the end. aves in distichous 
or crowded tufts on a short rhizome or tufted or taone tian ded 
stem, linear, sheathing at the base, the lamina laterally flattened or 
` terete. capes from the centre of the leaf-tufts more or less tomentose 
woolly, bearing 1 or more short sheathing bracts. Flowers usually 
of a dull dibus; more or less plumose-tomentose outside, in a termina 
head rarely lengthening out into a shortly dichotomous cyme. 
The genus is limited to West Australia, 


` Szcr. 1. Brachycaulon.—Perianth divided to the ovary into 6 spreading seg 
ments.  Anther Pe magi net, pendulous from a short connective. Placentas Aven 
with few ead ovul: 
nsely tufted SEE plant. Flowers in send heads almost : 
moe or on very short scapes within the leave . 1. C. breviscapa, 


a Perianth more or less tubular above the ovary, the lobes all 
equal or 3 inner ones Mille. Anther-cells adnate to the connective » least to the 
middle.  Placentas recurved, dilated, with several peed refleced from the under sur- 

face. (Perianth usually wit, with long hairs mixed with the plumose tomen 


nce virer or loosely hairy inside, with equal dis and 


Say terete, not striate. Flowers 2 or 8 together within 
several scarious bracts almost ssi within the leaves. . 2. C. vaginata. 
aves flat. Flowers in globular 
Leaves with thick margins, teenth ciliate. Scapes short, ie 
í ith 2 large concave keeled bracts under the head . . 8. C.petrophiloides. 


ded A CXXIII. AMARYLLIDER. 429 


small. oon in the adnate e part of the ova . 4. C. setosa. 


, Bracts 
small, FARM Aib i the adnate part of the ovary . 5. C. aurea. 
an 


t er, with Mo id 
Leave 
LA bordered by few or short setz. Perianth- segments 
carcely longer than the free part of the tube 6. C. melanopogon. 
Leaves bordered by long spreading setze. Perianth-segments 
l h nme free part of the tu 
Leaves mostly 6 in ong or more and 1 line broad, usually 
iw the sca . X. C. setigera, 
eave r2 in. very narrow or r subulate-acuminate, ; 
sh 8. C. psyllium. 


h pem 
Leaves terete or slightly fla flattened. 
eaves hirsute all over upwardly sapra hairs . . à C. villosa. 
Leaves white with a close tomentum . . 10. C. Drummondii. 


Secr. 3. Euconostylis.— Perianth more or less tubular above the ovary, the lobes 
all equal, — Anther-cells adnate to the connective at least to the middle. Placentas 
mi or less stipitate but scarcely recurved, covered all over in front with numerous 


Es 1. Involucratse.— Perianth with long scarcely denticulate hairs or sete 
vito a any tomentum. Scapes short, Leaves long. Flowers capitate with lanceolate 


Leaves very narrow but flat, with rarer strig . . . . . 11. C. involucrata. 
Leaves terete, smooth . oles 20139, 0 tán. 
Series 2. Proliferze.— Perianth shorty p ose-tomentose, Stems proliferous or 
stoloniferous, Leaves P ADT lex pis ae RC. ve o tufted, usually 
ite when young (except in C. gladiata), pe ay [rers labrous. 


Dui densely tufted agi with rather large — I 
almost sessile within the | : 
Leaves ri igid, glabrou us, 2 to 3 lines broad . 13. C. gladiata. 
eaves flaccid, white when young, not above 4 line broad — . 14. C. seorsiflora. 
quais near er terete, short, and rigid. Flowers in pedunculate 


Sca TT not longer than the leav Sm Ro x o oes. Ds. De O 
Scapes many dis as long as the small leaves . . . . . 16. C. stylidioides. 
Leaves flaccid, v t, green grass-like or 
ite only when ve ung, bordered with a few distant 
setze, bove 3 or 4 in. long.  Scapes long. : 
Flowers in a dense head. Perianth 4 to 5 lines pe 20. . 17. C. prolifera, 
lowers in a c raceme. Perianth 6 lines lon . 18. C. racemosa. 
Leaves flat, narrow, and rather ne, mostly RAV 6 in. long. 
5 Flowers capitate on lon : i 
eaves ver npe en ibus and scarcely osing : 
the ERN tum ha old . 19. C. candicans. 


d tomen tose-pubescent when young, soon becoming ai 
in iab from the fi is 
Leaves rarely above 1 ins "ined. depen uer 1 ft. aie m C. Preiteis. 


Leaves 2 to 3 lines broad. Scape .. C. bracteata. 
Series 3. Normales.— Peria lumose-tomentose, rarely with longer 
hairs mized. Stem short, rarely ser lp Leaves usually dim lahrous 
except marginal sete. Scapes lowered, much shorter than the leaves 


or very rarely nearly as ru 


430 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [ Conostylis. 


Perianth-lobes scarcely DE và m free part of the tube. 


Leaves subterete, rush-like, 209798, 0. filifo 
Leaves flat but very ttov, ` wide lon isi rigid distant sete . . 24. C. je eret 
Leaves fla " rigid, = v much thickened nerve-like ma rgins 

and distant pungen 25. C. bromelioides. 
Leaves flat rather "rii "the margins not prominent, with dis- 

tant rather rigid setze 26. C. aculeata. 

Perianth- om twice or three times as long as the free puto of 
K e. -Leaves flat, rarely almost terete, with few 


Sapes eir as long as the leaves. Flowers in a globular 
ad. 


Leaves rarely above 1 line broad. Stems usually po 91. C. Preissü. 
Leaves 2 to 3 lines broad. Stems v ET short. Scap 
. 22. C. bracteata. 


jr ae not half so long. as the leaves 
Flowers few in a loose oblong panicle. Perianth with -o 


sie intermixed with the crim um . 27. C. laxiflora 
Flowers numerous in a branching c . 28. C. cymosa. 
Flowers capitate. Perianth divided Miet to the ovary. 
Leaves mostly 2 to 3 lines broa 7. « « « 29. C. serrulata. 
Leaves ÀJ to 14 lines broad, or Mui émis 2. . . 80. C. cariina. 
3. Androstemma.— Perianth tubular above the ovary, the lobes all ae 


Secr. 
and narrow. Filaments erect, hoa much longer than the anthers. Ovules r 
‘numerous, bordering a peltate 
Dwarf vga tufted plant, with 1 " e solitary flowers almost 
sessile within the leaves, surrounde by short scarious bracts. 31. C. Androstemma. 


ECT. l. Bracuycauton.—Perianth divided to the ovary into 6 
senting. segments. Anther-cells distinct, pendulous from a short 
connective on sliort erect filaments. Placentas small, with few reflexed 
Mies 

foe culiar anthers and perianth of this plant might have afforded grounds for 
a ing it as a distinct genus of a value at dius equal to that of Androstemma. 


1 Brown, Prod. 301. Stems very short and 
brita , densely covered with tufts of distichous leaves, with brown. 
sheathing "bases, the lamina flat, rigid, 6 to 8 in. lon and 1 to 2 lines 
broad, striate, glabrous, without marginal cilia opes very short 
amongst the leaves, with a dense globose head of sessile flowers. 

racts lanceolate, the - inner ones linear. Ovary narrow-turbinate, 


pam outside, loosely so insi 
ong bis aring at first sight sessile and erect at the mouth of the tube, 
but the cells are really distinct from € ver m and pendulous from 


de Australia. ym Brown, = rege Xi same locality, Barter. 
T is also in Cunningham" 8 e bud marked as m $. W., Australia, Fraser, but n not 
in Cunningham's handwriting, and the specimen = in fact be of Baxter’s collecting. 


Conostylis. | CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 431 


I have seen it from no other locality, but Schultz, Syst. vii. 294, evidently saw the true 
plant in Sieber's herbarium, and has correctly described it. 


middle. Placentas recurved, dilated, with several ovules reflexed from 
the under surface. 


2. C. vaginata, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 23. Stems densely branched, 
forming tufts of 2 to 4 in. covered with the sheaths of old leaves. 
Leaves linear-terete, rush-like, channelled along the inner or upper 
side but not otherwise striate, 3 to 5 in. long. Flowers 2 to 4 together, 
‘sessile in little heads surrounded by imbricate scarious bracts and borne 
on very short hairy peduncles within the upper leaves. Perianth about 
J in. long, softly hairy outside, glabrous or slightly hairy within, the 
lobes narrow linear-lanceolate, about as long as the free part of the 
tube. Anthers longer than the filaments. Placentas in the adnate part 
of the ovary, projecting and dilated, with 3 or 4 ovules pendulous from 
the under side; the free summit of the ovary conical with a filiform 
style-—Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 853. 

W. Australia. Upper Kalgan river, Oldfield, F. Mueller; towards Cape Riche, 
Preiss, n. 1383, and probably the same neighbourhood, Baxter, Jud. n. 444; 
West Mount Barren, sspe, 


W. Australia. Flats on the Phillips river, a single specimen in Herb. F. Mueller. 


4. C. setosa, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 44, t. 6. Stem very short.. 
Leaves flat, rigid, finely veined, often nearly 1 ft. long, 1 to 2 lines 
| r 


shorter than the flowers. Perianth 10 lines to 1 in. long, very densely 
silky-woolly outside with long hairs plumose at the base, | 
hairy or woolly inside; lobes about as long as the cylindrical tube, all 


452 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Conosty/is. 


arrow-lanceolate and nearly equal or 3 inner ones rather smaller. 
Bisaia all equal, the filaments slender, erect and at least as long as 

e small narrow anthers. Placentas in the adnate part of the Dy 
dilated, with the ovules reflexed from the under surface.—End 
Pl. Preiss. ii. 17. 

W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 1408. 


5. C. aurea, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 44. Stem or rhizome short. 
Leaves flat, rigid, prominently veined, often 1 ft. long, 2 to 3 lines 


Ac ripis 
WV. Austr Drummond, 1st coll. n. 750, 759, Preiss, n. 1381, 
1382, and eR gare nd Cage Naturaliste, Oldfield. 


6. C. melanopogon, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 18. A low species, but 
the pre” ga lees omg branching and elongated to 2 in. or rat ther 
more. 
to 14 lines broad, striate, glabrous except the margins vem has 
~ bearing 1 or 2 bracts, 
the upper one rodica into a Mond point. Flowers 6 to 105 in a termi- 
nal head, the subtending bracts narrow and short. Perianth plumose- 
woolly outside, with longer keo often turning to a dark colour, more or 
less hairy or woolly inside, about 3 iu. long; lobes about as long as the 
free part of the tube, but irregularly separating, the three inner ones 
shorter and more petal-like than the outer. Anthers oblong, on rather 
thick geome any the 3 inner ones much shorter than the outer. Pla- 
centas in the adnate part.of the ovary, projecting and dilated, the 
ovules iot numerous, reflexed from the under surface ; conical apex of 
the bc. is and narrow. 
er, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 754, Preiss, n. 1387 ; Kalgan 
in d near MR sea, Moon ets of Stirling bes F. Mu eller ; Perongerup, Mrs. 
Knight.—V ery near [/ setigera, but without the long sete to the leaves of that specioh 
and the perianth less deeply divide 
Var. major. Perianths 7 to 8 lin long. Vasse river, Pries; Swan river, Helmich. 


. ©. setigera, R. Br. Prod. 300. Short leafy stems much branched 
in rote tufts. Leaves rather flaccid, flat but very narrow and grass- 


D 


PED A ara 


"gd CXXIII, AMARYLLIDEJ. 433 


ta 
like than the outer. Filaments shorter than the anthers, M opposite 
the inner perianth-lobes shorter and inserted lower down than the 
others; anther-cells free from the middle. Placentas in abi adnate 
E of the aiti kea with rather dev ovules reflexed from the under 
Astrol. t. 29 (not good); C. emula, Lindl. Swan 
Riv. App. 45; “Endl. in Pl. Preiss. i i90. 


iai King George’s Sound, pgs , Baxter ngham, F. 
Mueller ; thence to Swan river, Drummond, 1st i n. » 15, 3771 ioe n. 1390 ; 
eastward to Cape Arid, Maxwell. 
C. cmd. „a in Pl. Preiss. ii. 20, from Swan river, Preiss, n. 1392, only differs 
from cre on C. setigera in the purplish tinge assumed by the external wool o 
the peria as assimilis, Endl. l.c., mod wm not seen, must also, from the character 


given, be e a "E variety of C. setiger 


stralia. o Mt nidi n. 1391; dial plains south of reg range, 
Pk Mes Box vale, 
silla, Endl. is 20, gore pet from C. psyllium, as "e discolor from C. setigera, 
in the buie tinge assumed by the external wool of the peria 
. C. villosa, Benth. Stems very short and tufted like those of 
C. seti era, Leaves 6 to 8 in. long, under 1 line broad, flat and thick or 
sometimes almost terete, striate, “ciliate and hair all over not on the 
é ite-woolly, shorter "m the leaves. 
Flowers = to 20 in a terminal globular head. acts small and nar- 
Tow. Perianth 5 or at length 6 lines long, ase vulir. outside, 
woolly eium inside; lobes n narrow, about as long as the tube and ovary, 
| the 3 inner ones r rather smaller a nd the 3 inner stamens shorter than 
the others as in C. setigera; n adnate almost to the base. 
Placontas in the adnate i of the ovary, dilated, with several ovules 
. reflexed from the under surfac 
W. Australia, Drummond, n. sit. 
1 0. C. Drummondii, th. Stems short, densely tufted. Leaves 
3 lues orc or scarcely compressed, rigid, scarcely mes i to 9 in 
OL 


494 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Conostylis. 


long, covered with a close oam tomentum and a few longer appressed 
hairs intermixed, especiall he younger leaves.  Scapes mue 

shorter than the leaves, Dae woolly. Flowers sessile in a terminal 
head, with a membranous bract Dao in a long leafy point either 
ires as gà under the head or lower down on the scape. Perianth 


Anthers rain e M filaments short. Placentas prominent from the 
adnate part of the ovary, dilated, with reflexed ovules on the under 
side. 


WV. Australia, Probably to the eastward of King George's Sound, Drummond. 


SEcT. 3. EvcowosTvLIs.—Perianth more or less tubular above the 
ovary, the lobes all equal. Anther-cells adnate to the connective at 
least to the middle. Placentas more or less stipitate but scarcely re- 
curved, covered all over in front with numerous ovules, and always in 
the adnate part of the ovary. 


x Se Pood Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 23. Stems very short. 
ft. lon mB € Fiet fiot l line to 2 lines in 


loosely ciliate near the base. pont 2 to 3 in. long, mad tae 
1 


ous. Flowers in heads or spikes not very compact an J 
sometimes forked, not very numerous, d by dien James 
mts ate x eafy bracts the outer ones often oni as orr long 


. Australia. UR 1st coll. n. 756, Preiss, as mn gru 
Cape pe Natur 7 ey dd Para but not terete leaves 
mond, 1 n. 756; Hampden, Clarke, both with rather bresdo M 


or 3 acuminate brown bracts, and heads a opn flower ve Wm 


TO ee ee ee IERI tt mn 


VETE E SERIE MR, TIER NIIT RR 


| W. A 
. Band plains, Old 


Conostylis. ] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDER. 435 


long, rather narrow, shortl pamp tontor merum more or less 
villous inside, the narrow nd least 9 times as long as the short 
free portion of the ps be. An iet es on short filaments, all equal. 
Ovules very numerous, covering the stipitate placentas. 

W. Australia, soli y to the eastward of dis George's Sound, Drummond. 


14. C. seorsiflora, F. Muell 158, viii. 19. A dwarf 
Species, stoloniferous or voliferonsly b Grohe forming dense tufts not 
exceeding Baby ves very densely ufte |. very narrow linear, 


leaves, sometimes very short, tomentose, with 1 or 2 broad agen iret: 


w.A stralia. King George's Sound or to the eastward, Baxter; W. end of 
Sting 1 Range F. Mueller; Gardner and Oldfield rivers, Maxwell ; Toodyay rivulets, 
dfield. 


tiuscula, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 18. Stems probably 


5. C. tere 
proliferous. Leaves dens i tufted, ita, bu terete and white-tomentose 
^ 


arro ind m more acute. 
W.A a, Oldfield. Described only from the fragmentary specimens in 
herb. F, Alves id requires further investigation 


eana A the o shorter ones often nearly glabrous and 
striate. vog closely giis in globular heads, on a loosely tomen- 
tose peduncle of 3 arising from the centre of the prin cipal 


. covered with numerous ovules. 


Australia. Near Oolingara, Murchison river, forming dense tufts on rocks and 
[ field. 


FF? 


436 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [ Conostylis. 


17. C. prolifera, Benth. Stems slender, ped branched. 
Leaves in — tufts, narrow-linear, versi uy flac , tapering into fine 
iei varying in le ength from 1 to3 or 4 n., gla hut; striate, bordered 

y fine distant rigid cilia. Scapes longer akon the leaves, loos sely villous 
with plumose hairs, bearing 1 or rarely 2 distant linear or acuminate 


bra Flowers sessile in a terminal globose head, the outer bract 
uminate, usually but not always longer than the head. Perianth 
campanulate, 4 to 5 lines long, piunga teed outside, glabrous or 


slightly hairy between the stamens inside, the lobes longer than the 
free part of the tube. Ovules rather numerous, covering the small ovate 
aD d placentas. 

tralia. Swan river, Drummond; Murchison river, Oldfield. 


18. C. racemosa, Benth. Stems slender and proliferously branched. 
Leaves densely tufted, narrow flaccid an tone e, resembling those 


flat, the outer ones of the tuft or near in the upper tufts short, 
but some much elongated, attaining caca the lower tufts 
above 1 ft., varying in bre fro o near 2 lines, covered with 


a white tomentum concealing the veins p often ciliate on the mar- 
ins, at length becoming s Mida nearly glabrous and showing à 
ew strie. Scapes or peduncles usually longer 2a the leaves, with a 

linear or linear-lanceolate bract e or above the middle. Flowers 

to 20, almost sessile in a globular head, either ye se or rather loose 

it 


linear, on very short filaments. Ovules numerous, hein the short 
ore: ntas.— C. albicans, " "Oui Herb.; €. propinqua, Endl. in Pl. 
oo STA 
w. tralia. Swa Drummond, 1st coll., Oldfield; abundant on the 
poky att pes banks “of lone: Mund: A. Cunni ingham, Drummond, Preise, 


* vas laptoph yl/a. Leaves very densely tufted, narrow, with lon E pointe dw z 2 
n. long. Scapes often bearing 2 or 3 pedunculate heads of —Swan 
Deus mond ; Champion bay, Oldfiel eld. 
90. C. dealbata, Lindi. Swan Riv. App. 45. Very nearly allied to 
C. candicans and perhaps a variety — ' it with €. Preissii and 


Monast e id 


DE M AE I EA et ae SERRE TER Re TR RET NE ERU. 


a IEEE EEE A PI VI SS PEEN RE EE ee 


Conostylis. | CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 437 


C. bracteata, Endl. Stem less elongated than in C. candicans. Leaves, 
although still densel tufted, more normally distichous, fr and 


more rigid, tomentose pubescent and rather white all over when young, 
but soon losing the tomentum. Scapes about as long as » the leaves. 


sui the free part of the tube. Ovules numerous, covering the short 
plac 

w. MORSU Swan river, Drummond, 1st co 

C. b acteata, Lindl., Swan Riv. App. 45, from "a same collection, — 
established on vigorous d s of C. disliens, with the foliage nearly glabrous, Fin 
eran EN j is hr . long, and the outer bracts under the flower-heads rather more 

assa; gemir bee nope from the edit five or six species, 
fina an cte 


21. C. Preissii, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 18. Stems usuall ety 
Sn pile Leaves from distichous sheathing bases, flat, - 1 ft. 
ong, rarely above 1 line broad, rather thick, glabrous, Wine in 


rather loose ibina head, branching out saeua into a close cym 
the bracts short and narr ow. Perianth about j in. long, plu umose- 
tomentose outsi i with mixture of longer hairs, glabrous or very 
slightly hairy inside? ; lobe narrow, nearly twice as long as the free 
of the tube. Ovules numerous, covering the stipitate placentas. 
W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 753, Preiss, n. 1384 ; Southern 
river, joues n. 1386. 
C. festucacea, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 18 (Preiss, n. 1386) has the leaves almost a 
cilia and the perianth more hairy, but the two forms are too closely connected by som 
of Drummond's specimens to justify their separation. 


22. C. bracteata, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 16, not of Lindl. Stems 


ctea 
short, pap sometimes sli pn hen "Leaves glabrous, flat, 
rigid, 1 to 14 ft. long, 2 to 3 lines broad, striate, the margins prominen 


about as long as the leaves, loosely tomentose, with 1, 2, 
lanceolate bracts, and sometimes with a lo peduncle or branch in the 
axil of one of them. owers numerous, in a dense globose terminal 
head, subtended usually by 1 or 2 faicet bracts, the other bracts 


all CUR linear, all shorter than the flowers. Perianth nearl 4 in. 
ong, plumose-tomentose outside, glabrous or sym hairy i € e, the 
lobes iw is as ee as the free part of the tu n ye 


li mond, 1st coll. n. 751, Preiss, n. 1405. —The 
es seems to connect the preceding ones very "mete with ¢. aculeata, from whic = 
it differs in the leaves bardal ciliate, the longer scapes, larger heads of flowers, an 
the perianth more deeply lobed. 


498 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [ Conostylis. 


. C. il. 
he eaves above 1 ft. lon ng, terete, serie and rush- like, slightly striate, 


branchin ng into a dense cyme, all nearly sessile within small bracts. 
Perianth about re in. long, plumose-tomentose outside, glabrous ae 
the lobes narrow, as long as or rather longer than the free part o 
tube. Anthers linear, on short filaments. Placentas covered all ca 
with numerous ovules. 

W. Australia, Drummond. 


.C.s 
: very narrow Sort flat, 6 in. to nearly 1 ft. long, bordered by long patti 
rigid spreading distant cilia. Scapes nearly as long as the leaves. 


long, broa iy oa cam; anulate, plumose-tomentose outside, glabrous inside, 
the lobes rather road about as long as the free part of the tube. 
Anthers Sec nee as long as the scd Placentas covered 
with numerous ovules. 

W. Australia, Drummond. 


pe 
cellate in a rather loose terminal head, with small linear bracts. 
Perianth "eg 6 lines long, plumose-tomentose outside, slightly n 
inside, the lobes narrow-lanceolate, rather longer than the free 
the ta e. Anthers linear, on short filaments. Placentas niet 
covered with numerous ovulés. 
river, Drummond ; near Avondale, York district, Preis. 


W. Australia. " 
` i 601. ie specimens bias are very rye and they may prove to be a variety 0D y 
0i Y 


E. C. gun . Br. Prod. 300. Stems very short. Leav Ws 
gid, flat, erect or ied rved, 6 in. to 1 ft. eh 1 to 23 lines broa 


se head or d 
ranches, with Mae short bracts. Perianth rons ni 


i 
| 


52 aks ak el eee alien E I e Ne ESSE ES eat cae ERE 


Conostylis. | CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 439 


qe with numerous ovules.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 18; Bot. Mag. 
t. 2989. 


, A. Cun- 

395, and many others; Greenough flats, C. Gray, 

and Murchison river, Oldfield, single specimens, but apparently the same species, which 
re 


27. ©: laxiflora, Benth. Stems tufted, very short. Leaves mostly 
above 1 ft. long, flat, striate, 14 to 24 lines broad, bordered when 
young by very short cilia as in C. serrulata. Scapes short, not above 
6 in. high including the inflorescence, loosely tomentose-villous, brffnch- 
ing from about the middle, each branch with a short loose raceme of 
3 or 4 flowers, the whole forming a loose oblong somewhat one-sided 

anicle. Bracts subtending the ‘hiandbies lanceolate, membranous, vil- 
ous, sometimes above } in. long, those under the pedicels small and 


W. Australia. Vasse river, Oldfield.—Although allied in some respects to C. 
serrulata, this differs from the rest of the section in the indumentum of the perianth, 
and from the whole genus in its inflorescence. 


98. C. cymosa, F. Muell. Herb. Leafy stem short, tufted or shortly 
branched. Leaves often above 1 ft. long, 1 to near 3 lines broad, finely 


plumose-tomentose outside, glabrous inside, the lobes narrow, nearly 
twice as long as the free part of the tube. Anthers linear, longer than 
the filaments. Placentas stipitate, covered all over with numerous 
ovules. 


W. Australia. Blackwood river and Champion bay, Oldfield; Greenough flats, 
C. Gray ; Busselton, Pries. 


short 
pla- 


segments, Anthers oblong, shorter than in C. ta, on igi 
filaments. Style rather short. Ovules numerous, covering the 
centas. Capsules 3 to 4 lines diameter. 


440 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJX. [ Conostylis. 


Australia. King George's Sound, Menzies ; agian river, pida poe. 
Pg the same (district, ee d, n. 349; pug river, mmo nd, 1 


C. ensifolia, C. occulta, 
' from the neighbourhood of Cope Riche, and C. he ie a, Endl. 1 Kc Da ting 
Ped x F i 
u E 
Shorter ben the tube. Preiss’s oe n in Herb. F. Mueller is in old fruit only with 
he 


s worn B. Ms C. occulta the lobes are said to be equal to the tube, but in 
i y are seo longer than the fo and in all the above suppress 


30. C. caricina, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 45. Stems very short 
densely tufted, the tufts sometimes almost bulbous. Leaves gen 
0 


lowers few in the head, sessile or nearly so, the bracts linear. 
Perianth about 3 in. b Jona plumose-tomentose outside glabrous pes. 
lobes narrow, 3 times as long as the very short free part of the tu 
Anthers linear, on hae thick filaments. Placentas prominently ef 
tate, the ovules numerous, covering the whole front as in other species 
of Euconostylis d reflexed "S as in Catospora.— Endl. in Pl. Preiss. 
ii. 19; C. grami : 

Ww. festi gm river, Pe diae. 1st coll., Preiss, n. 1380, 1385. 


SE . ANDROSTEMMA.—Peri — tubular above the ovary, the 

: all equal and narrow. Filaments erect, filiform, much onger 

n the anthers. Ovules rather numerous, bordering the peltate 
sicot: 

he long perianths buried caus adde the leaves iac surrounded bys scarious bracts give 

this plant a peculiar — , whic ify ishing it as & 

separate genus. But subsequent discoveries have apro a nearly similar habit, foli. 

racts in C. i i i he leaves in C. 

iata and C. seorsiflora, and nearly similar stamens in C. setosa; there remains as 

a distinct character only the lenta, which uelis it as a section of the same 

as the three preceding 


ostemma, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 19. Leafy stems short 
much branched, forming dense tufts of a few inches. Leaves with short 
fattened, pr bases, itr ag c and rush-like, terete or d 


ix long, à all equal and ees bong at the time of yore] 
Filaments filiform and erect, nearly as e as the perianth-lobes; 
‘anthers several times shorter. Style as long as the stamens. Capsule 
half-superior, but little broader than the perianth at the time of flower- 


Conostylis. CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 441 


ing.— Androstemma eese Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 46; Field. Sert. Pl. 
ve 2 dl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 24. 
ustralia. Swan vem mond, 1st tbe n. 762, Preiss, n. 1409; South 
Bao ur Oldfield ; icd F lats, C. Gray 


5. BLANCOA, Lindl. 


Perianth persistent, tubular, the limb of 6 nearly equal almost con- 
duplicate valvate short lobes. Stamens 6, with ovate-oblong anthers 
on very short filaments or nearly sessile at the d «d x tube. 


iudi the BENUNS: dedic pmoseewooly. 

e genus is limited to the single sp es, endemic in West Australia. It has 
united b by F. Mueller with aeti but. is, in fact, much more nearly anpnecied with 
Anigozanthos, but separated from lius by characters which appear to of full pe pecie 


1. B. canescens, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 45. Leafy branched stems 
or rhizomes very short and shortly villous. Leave s rigid, 6 in. to 1 ft. 
long, about 2 lines broad, finely striate. Scape reis than the leaves, ` 

ing u “liner leaf near the base 


onn inside. Anthers much shorter than the tobak Style usually 
ortly protruding from the perianth—Endl. i n Pl. Preiss. ii. 24; 
Conostylis caneseens, F. Muell. Fragm. viii. 19. 

. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 748, Preiss, n. 1410. 


"E ANIGOZANTHOS, Labill. 
(Schweegrichenia, Spreng.) 


Perianth persistent, the tube much elongated above the ovary, often 
recurved at the end, the limb more or less oblique ; lobes 6, lanceolate, 
almost induplicate valvate, equal or those on the lower side more deeply 
Separated and the tube usually split open between the 
almost to the base. Anthers pda or — on "S NM at 
the orifice of the tube, the MK free at the base € wholly 
inferior, 3-celled, the summit flat or conical; style Magi "aliform, 


442 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Anigozanthos. 


distant leaves. Flowers large, in close unilateral spikes or racemes, 
at the end of the simple stem or of the branches of a dichotomous 
spreading panicle. Seat and inflorescence densely daba with a 
red green or yellow p se wool; the stems sometimes, the leaves 
very rarely, cena a aias or looser tomentum, the leaves more 
frequen tiy g nt 

The a to Nen Australia. The derivation of the name has been 
frequently < rote eupposiag t to have Ce taken from dvicxw or dvolyw, with 
meanings very ina pplicable ; it was, however, much more simple. Labillardiere in- 
tending to express the unequal or oblique owe ávuros, dvOos, merely changed the 
first s into a g, and the second into a z, for euphony sake. 


Secr anthesis.—Racemes or spikes se everal, in a divaricate dichotomous 
panicle. p inappendiculate. Ovules 2 to 4 in each cell. Stems tomentose from 
b 


Leaves glabrous. Flowers red or of a $i or greenish mor ; i A.rufa. | 
Leaves mostly tomentose. Flowers of a rich yellow . 9. A. pulcherrima. 


. 2. Cerata: —Racemes or spikes several, in a divaricate panicle or 2 0 
a once-forked yen is. dates tipped with a glandclike appendage. Ovules rather 


numerous in each cell. ms glabrous at the bas 
Racemes or spikes. er, in a divaricate ai panicle. 3 
Ferisnih moderatel medo. . 3. A. flavida. 
Racemes 2 of 2 or 3 Aa ach on à once-forked rhachis. Pe- IN 
rianth very much curved, vith a very oblique limb . 4. A. Preissu. 


Secr. lanthesis.—Racemes or spikes Tata or rarely 2, on a simple od 
rarely ies f mE rhachis. Anthers pel a AN Ovules numerous - crowd 
n each cell. 


Perianth (der 2 2 in. 2) one n contracted above the middle, 
base. Anthers shorter than Ber : 
are Kor ayy broad 5. A. humilis. 
Perianth > ayi n.) green, T rarely yellowi sh thronghou 
decus e the middle. Anthers as long as the laments aA. 
Dyer. 6. A. viridis. 
Perianth v (about 3i in. ipri with a red rarely yellow base, not con- 
above the middle. An thers much longer than the » 
filam s oue ather broad . 7. A. Manglesn. 
Perianth As to cope with a red rarel yellow base, much 
= imet reg — Anthen s as ede as the filaments. ; 
. A, bicolor. 
SEC E cs kania op agilis S several, in a diva a 
totais panicle. Anthers not ee va Ovules 2, rarely 3 
or 4 in each cell. Stems tomentose from the 
: 1. A. rufa, Labill. Voy. i. 411, t. 22, Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 119. Rhizome 
horizontal, thick and woody. Radical Jhaves above 1 ft. long, flat but 


| E CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 443 


Schwegrichenia rufa, Spreng. Syst. ii i. 26; A. f, Viii Hook. Bot. 
vici t. 4507. copied into Lem. Jard. Fleur. t. 40 with an alteration of 


stralia, Lucky bay, R. Brown; King George's Sound from the Kalgan 
to Cups Rieke A. Cunningham, Drummond, n. 327, Preiss, n. 1412, Oldfield. 

2. A. pulcherrima, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4180 copied into Fl. d 
Serres, April, 1846. Very Gals allied to A. rufa, the eee 
Ns flo owers the same in structure and indumentum, but jue leaves are 

tomentose as well as the scape, d the wool of the flowers is o 
bright yellow, Mp sit, b tinged with red. I find u rp 

u « ap 


rently abortive o 
W. Australia, idioma] n. 347. 


Secr. 2. CERA TANDRA.—Racemes or spikes indi in a divaricate 
dichotomous panicle, or 2 on a forked rhachis. Anthers tipped with a 
gland-like ipie Ovules rather numerous in each ce An Stems 
glabrous at the 
. A. flavida, fed. Lil. t. 176. Rhizome thick, with itin radical 
leaves, and a stem of 3 or 4ft., bearing a divaricately- ranched 
ave 


u 
the panicle planoa ME in that species. Flowers in one-side 
racemes on the branches of the anicle, on tithes of 1 a 2 lines, sub- 

» dio wool of a dull yellowish green more 
or less red at the base of the perianth and sometimes a brown red nearly 


to h- 1} in. long, serge and shining 
inside or minutely scabrous-dotted ; es bes 4 to 5 lines Lon yy ere 
inside, the lower ones m y divided be the 


444 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. or 


4 y 4M. í 
A. Manglesii, Maund, Botanist, t. 67, not of Dan: 

WV. Australia. King George's Sound and a aij À districts, R. Brown, Drum- 
mond, n. 348, Preiss, n. 1411 and 1416, and many other ; Blackwood river, ; Oldfield; 
Geogra e bay, Fraser; Cape Natoraliste and Swan river, Drummond, 1st c 
: m Clarke. 
cies varies in the size of the flower, and very much in the colovr of the wool, 
imes ecce en SHIT red, sometimes green without any admixture of red, rarely 
with much of yellow 

. A. Preissii, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 26. Stems 1 to 1} ft. high, 
more or less clothed with a loose > lames medial, wool, more dens a ena 
Leave 


reduced to 2 or 3 flowers, and always appearing capitate when in youn 
bud, sis d dong e pedicels ultimately attain 2 to 3 lines each subtende 
ya Perianth at least 9 jn. lon 


y stralia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, Preiss, n. 1413) 
F. uelle Maxwell. 

ueller, Fragm. viii. 23, places this species amongst those with simple inflo- 

recente I ‘have, owever, always found it once forked, except when reduced to 2 or 3 


SECT. 3. HarrANTHESIS. —Racemes or Pe single at the end of 
the stems with a simple rhachis, or rarely 2 the rhachis being once- 
forked, always unilateral several-flowered and rather dense. Anthers 
ch spen culate. Ovules numerous in each cell crowded on the 
pia 

5. A. humilis, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 46, t. 6 B. Rhizome thick 
horizontal. Stems usually under 1 ft. , rarely m ft. high, imdy plu- 


[ 
; 
j 
: 
; 
j 
1 


Anigozanthos. | CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEEX. 445 


airs, but sometimes woolly-hairy all over or quite glabrous, flat, 
e . long and 


with longer hairs. Perianth 14 to 2 in. long, slightly curved, the 
li h 


form; anthers short, without terminal appendages. Ovules numerous, 
covering the placentas.—Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 26. 

W. Australia. King George's Sound and adjoining districts, F. Mueller, Old- 
field, Maxwell, and others; Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 747, Preiss, n. 1418, 
Oldfield. 

A. minima, Lehm, Pl. Preiss. ii. 274, which I have not seen, is referred by F. 
Mueller, Fragm. viii. 21, to A. humilis, but apparently only from the character given: 
the narrow leaves, almost capitate inflorescence, and curved perianth would rather 
indicate the A. Preissii. 


subulate bracts, the wool green throughout or yellowish towards the 
base of the flower. Perianth 24 to near 3 in. long, the tube of equal 
breadth or very slightly contracted above the middle, splitting open 


8 
ud LI 
usually reflexed when open. Anthers linear, about as long as the fili- 
orm filaments. Ovules very numerous in each cell covering the 
centas. 


W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 745, Preiss, n. 1415 ; Vasse 
river, Oldfield; Pinjarrah, J. S. Price; Busselton, Pries. 


7. A. Manglesii, D. Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 265. 
Stems 2 to 3 ft. high, slightly and loosely woolly towards the base, 


uite glabrous. Flowers, the largest in the genus, in a nes 

unilateral raceme, on pedicels usually of 2 to 3 lines, the plu- 

ol very dense, green except on the adnate base where it is 
e 


n hairs or ciliate scales near the base. Anthers linear much longer than 


446 . CXXIII; AMARYLLIDER. [ Anigozanthos. 


the short flat filaments, the connective without any appendage. Ovules 
numerous in each cell, covering the placentas.—Bot. Reg. t. 2102 (the 
hairs or seals inside the base of the tube eset aes as iid upwards 
— of downwards . Bot. Mag. t. 3875. 
Australia. Swa Drummond, coll. n. 144, Oldfield S Ba n 
b aih n tiver, 0 dicla; Busselton, Pa ies; King George’s Sound, Bast 
n 


of a a 
dull n nig white in p dried Eod ary rdon river, Herb. F. Mueller (with 
the raceme nearly 1 ft. long, the pedicels 4 in., ie base of the perianth of a rich 

red). 


8. A. bicolor, Endl. in Pl. Preiss, ii. 26. Resembles A. Manglesii and 
A, humilis in habit and in the red base of the otherwise green perianth, but 
readily distinguished from both by the shape of the flower. It is usually of 
the low stutnre of A. humilis, rarely much above 1 ft. high. Leaves kar 
at the base of the stems, glabrous, under 6 in. long, narrower and m 
tapering to the point than in A. humilis. M 4 to 10, on pedicels, of 
2 to 4 lines in a close unilateral raceme, the rhachis simple i in all the 
specimens seen, the wool of the adnate bo of a rich red, the remainder 
green. Perian th 2 to near 21 in. long, the tube at the base as broad as 
Me eae pus As tapering towards the middle and much contracted 

upper much incurved at the end in the bud, the limb 
Rue the ew Wes 4 lines long, and the tube usuall split open on 
the lower side to near the base. Anthers linear, but shorter than in 

A. Manglesii, on filiform very Poegi inserted filaments. Ovules nu- 
Loves in Te o covering the placenta. 

alia. Kalgan, Perongerup, and other localities in the ail aia of 
Kine. Georg d "e n. 1417, Oldfield, F. Mueller, Muir, Miss War 

Var. minor. Leaves under3 in. long. Scape about 6 in., the perianth d 
more shag 14 in. long. —M ‘Callum and Stokes inlets, Maxw ell. 

Var. major. Perianth my 24 in. long and rather less contracted above the middle. 

—Swan river, Drummond, coll, Fraser, and an unknown collector who gath nee 
it in 1839 and named it in Herb. Hooker A. Mooreana, mihi; Albany, F. Mueller. 


7. MACROPODIA, Drumm. 


ME and dilated "at iba end, the limb very oblique; idan 6, 
— voies a Fn we ggg those on the lower side more 
deeply the tube split open between them. thers 
oblong dM on n slender filaments at the orifice of the tube, the cells 
free at the base ui) pee 3-celled, with thick double dis- 
sepiments, the mit prominent within the perianth. Style 


long, filiform, slight d T stigmatic at the end. Ovules solitary 

attached. m dry, not valvular, the seeds 

falling away separa tely with portions of the pericarp and adnate 

rianth-base, leaving the pa hasina dissepiments persistent with 

axis. Testa somewhat crustaceous.—Herb with the habit and 
eae of the jariakor Anigozant thi. 


t 


Macropodia.) CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEEX. 447 


The genus is limited to a single species, endemic in West Australia. It is reunited 
with Anigozanthos by F. Mueller, notwithstanding the remarkable differences in the 
ovary and fruit. à 


lique, nearly lin.long. Filaments almost as long as the lobes; anthers 


oblong-linear and tipped with a small gland-like appendage as in 
Anigozanthos flavidus and A. Preissii.—Anigozanthos fuliginosus, Hook. 

Bot. Mag. t. 4291. 

Mik Australia Moore river, Drummond; Hill river, Oldfield; Greenough flats, 
. Gray. 


the hilum produced into a hooked beak at the end of which the funicle 
1$ attached. 


obes papillose outside. Fruit succulent, ithin a sheathing 
bract. Needs few, the testa striate, the funicle usually dilated.—Herbs 
With a thick rhizome long flat or plicate-nerved radical leaves. 


spikes or heads, each one subtended by a broa 
than the ovary and fruit. 
The genus extends over tropical and Southern Africa and Asia, with one American 
species. Both the Australian species have a wide range over tropical Asia. 
Leaves broad. Flowers in a dense nodding head on a scape of 
several inches. Perianth tube scarcely any . - - + - +) * 1. C. recurvata. 
pn narrow. Flowers in an almost sessile spike. Perianth-tube 
iform . * . * Li . ee LI . LI E . * »* . LI . . 


2. C. ensifolia. 


448 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Curculigo. 


Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2,11, 253. Rhizome thick, with 
densely clustered ev roots. Leaves radical, glabrous or nearly 80, 
e petioles 6 in. to near 1 ft. long with a broad sheathing base, the 


Miqnong de; efus Fascia Perianth us S A on a 


long, glabrous inside, epee almost to the ovary or united at the 

i ort ring. Filaments very short, the anthers 

oblong and erect, connivent in cone round the style, w ich is 

slender slightly dilated and minutely 3-lobed at the stigmatic end. 

i sule nearly globular, more or less succulent, softly hairy, about 

ines diameter. Seeds globular, with a blac k rugose crustaceous 
ras etes aoe eg. t. 770 


iit and other dium render it MaRS to separate it ceres] 
from the closely allied C. sumatrana, which is in every dir aw a true Curculigo. 


9. C. ensifolia, R. Br. Prod. 290. dor ip produced into a 
descending saline with fibrous roots, and m » loss covered with 
the scarious sheathing bases of old leaves. Lp fura 6 to 9 in. 
long and ł to } in. broad in the middle, but sometimes 1 to 1} ft. long 
and almost $ in. broad, tapering at both ends, with prominent nerves 
and more or m ss hairy n indir: the "base. Spikes short and 


erect at the b the scarious sheathing bracts subu- 
mated prs T: in. lon M most sessile, elongated, 
enclosed in the braet. Perianth-tube filiform, hairy, 1 to ? in. long 
abov ary; segments of the limb usually to 4 lines long, with 


ov 
lanceolate-pointed segments more or less: hairy outside. Filaments 
short ; anthers linear, the parallel cells diotly free at the base. Style 
column very short below the stigmas, which are as long as the anthers 
and connate or shortly free at the top. Capsule oblong, enclosed in 
the sheathing bract. Seeds several, the black testa elegantly striate 
but not tubereular.— €. stans, Labill. Sert. Austr. Caled. 18, t. 24; 
C. orchioides, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 585 and others, but not of Roxb. 
nce of Wales and other islands off Cape York, R. Brown ; Wide 


Queensland. Prin 
bay, Leichhardt; Rockingham bay, Dallachy; Fitzroy — C. Walter; Broad 
Stu 


Sound, Bowman; Keppel », Th ozet ; M bay, C. 
N. S. Wal Ka aa river, Beckle 
The species has a wide range in eastern jaa: ical Asia, for I can find no erus in 
cd cage specimens I have see Ens Australia, New as oie the Indian Archi- 
gal, China, and a e Asiatic ones have been generally refe i to 
Lv iodo Roxb. Corom. FI. i. ipi t. 13, and I had myself considered them as a 
small variety of that specics u a dé Hongkong Flora, p. 366 (where, however, I had by 


a ES Wu T por eu. ym 


Mob T 


Be CXXIII. AMARYLLIDER. 449 


e ie as Wight's C. malabarica. The South pene (Guiana W odia] 

ypoxis scorzonerifolia, Lam., is scarcely distinguishable from the pon ip ies 

qula, jd tin for reasons unexplained it is still retained in Hypoxis by Seubert in 
nsis, 

Var. longifolia. Ts may prove to be a iras jets if the characters are found 

constant. It is more slender and n ku glabrous. Leaves rigid, 13 ft. long and only 


i 
but pedicel of 4. in. or rather more. tube not so slender as in the ber de "cie 


N. Australia. Port Darwin, Schultz, n 


9. HYPOXIS, Linn. 


Perianth persistent, — to the ovary into 6 rarely 4 nearly equal 
spreading s ies Stamens 6, rarely 4, inserted at the ba - of the 
segments; anth blong or linear, more or less lobed at the base. 
Ovary 3-celled sandy 2-celled, with many ovules in 2 rows in wat cell. 
Style short, with 3, rare 2 oblong or linear erect stigmas connate or 
free, papillose outside. apsule globular oblong or linear, crowned by 


lian species) “at length falls ies Yee. with it the ars - M c eher 
i Ive u arg 


—Her th bulbous or tuberous eea covered with s paoe 
mbranous or fibrous scales.. Leaves radical, flat or terete, usuall 
hair em leafless or Mn a mo ne leaf. Flowers white 


nia Asia -— Atia a, more abundant in South Africa, 


e genus is spread over t 
sg dst species, one is also in New 


The 
with two or three American cive Of dec 
Zealand, the others are all believ: i to be e 
Capsule M pen or oblong, not yin twice as s Img a as broad. 


Anthers deeply divided at the . . + l. H. hygrometrica. 
nthers scarcel s or very s Adr ished at the base 
th-se ts 3 to 5 lines TE Stamens nearly equal. 
Capsule dt or 2. H. glabella. 


Perianth-segments scarcely 2 lin es long. “Stamens alter: : 
nately shorter. Capsule y globular 3. H. pusilla. 
he Y linear, 4 or 5 times as long as 
eaves subulate. Pani: alternately longer. Stigmas - 
and narrow . H. leptantha. 
Leaves linear-terete. Stamens nearly equal. ` Stigmas short s H. occidentalis. 
mts s narrow-linear but flat with Veios nerve-like ma À 
6. H. marginata. 


H. h hygro ometrica, La bill. Pl. Nov. Holl. i. 82, t. 108. Rhizome 
belt into a small tuber emitting thick clustered roots and covered 
at the top by the membranous leaf-sheaths not splitting into fibre es. 
Leaves narrow-linear or almost filiform, from under 6 in. to se ly ift; 

VOL. VI. 


450 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE, [ Hypovis. 


linear auricles. e columnar, the shines ovate, erect, ri connate. 
Capsule vieil Vc under 2 lines diameter. See s globular, 
elegantly tuberculate.—R. Br. Prod. 289 ; Hack. f. A Tasm. ii, 96. 
perpe Rockhampton, O’ Shanesy ; rae dale, Per 
N. S. Wales. Port Jackson to the Blue Mountains, hee 3A. Cunning- 
pue m, and others ; Gwydir river, Leichhardt; New England, 0. 7 etn Rant Waj 


Victoria, Harvey; between Ballarat and Ballan, Loddon, F. Mueller 

Tasmania. Port D A3 mple, R. Brown; abundant throughout the island, ascend- 
ing to 4000 ft., J. D. Hoo. 

Var. pean A ie "a slender variety, with 2 or [à small flowers to = scape. 

—H. pr 289. nter's river, &. Brown; New England, C. 
mey T Leicitardt; Rockhampton, Thozet, 

ar. elongata larger hairy variety. Leav s flatter, often above 1 line bro 

T iih 2 to 5, dia subtended by a subulate ame Perianth-segments fully S lines 
long. —Rockham mpton, Thozet, O' Sh UAI; Nerkool Creek, Show man ; Moreton 
Cos damihe river, Leichhardt; Dawson river, F. Mueller; New England, UC Stua rt. 


9. H. glabella, R. Br. Prod. 289. The whole plant quite ume 
Rhizome obsit bulb-like, covered with the fibrous remains of ol 
leaf-sheaths. Leaves linear-subulate, terete or channelled mua ex- 


m 2 to 3 in. long in some specimens, above 6 in. in others. Scape 
shorter than the leaves, with a long linear erect sheathing bract at or 


matic lobes. Capsule ovoid or oblong, but not above twice as pe as 
broad when ripe.—Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 36, t. 130 A; H. vaginata, 
Schlecht. Linnea, xx. 568. 


Queens 
appears to be this species. 
ictoria. m Phillip, R. Brown; Yarra-Yarra, Darebin Creek, F. Mueller; 
Werribee, Fu 
asmania. bondie is A aco &c., J. D. Hooker 
s. gi aes Lofty and Bugle ranges, Guichen bay, &c., F. Mueller; Yorke 
Peninsula, Fowl 
. Au aire ?. Specimens from Swan river, Preiss, n. 1601, referred here by 
vend in Pl. Preiss. ii. 14, have the longer stigmas of this ia but may yet perhaps 
ong to H. occidentalis E gaa in flower only, without leaves or bulbs, from 
nd flats, C. Gray, have also Oa long stigmas of this species, bu t the anthers 
loved at the base as in H. hygrometrica. ‘The variety will require further investiga- 
tion from complete specimens. 


H. pusilla, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 36, t. 130 B. A much smaller 
sare than H. glabella, with a similar globular bulb-like rhizome cove! 


A specimen marked Warwick, Beckler, in Herb. F. Mueller | i 


| 


Hypocis.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJ. : 451 


with fibrous scales, but somewhat larger in proa Leaves filiform, 
rarely above 3 in. long, with short scarious sheathing bases. Sca 
rarely 1 i in. fous , usually with 2 rm setaceous bracts above - middle, 


,b in 
our vm imens. Pevinnthsements scarcely 2 lines long. wer: rs 


stamens ‘dial shorter ut the nother Odpsilb obe nearly 14 
lines aes constricted win the perianth. 

Vic Wendu bees Robertson; the capsule rather more obovoid, but distinctly 
contracted into a short ne 

-Tas Circular Head, Gunn. 
The spe species is also in New Zealani 


. H. leptantha, Benth. A small species, with the subulate leaves, 
short mite scapes with setiform bracts of H. pusilla, and the stamens 
as 1n that species alternately smaller with gil "acis but the 
Ps and capsule are long and narrow, the nth-segments nar- 
rower and more acute, the inner ones considerably smaller than the 
outer, 2 - sens lobes long and narrow 

w. Mares Oldfield ; iiu flats, C. Gray; Upper Hay 
river, Foe belg 

Should the prion diee from the inedaaitr of thej iet ani onter perianth- 
segments and stamens, and the length of the stigma ed at omy es prove to be inconstant, 
this may have to be reduced 2 x variety of H. occident 


9. H. occidentalis, Benth. Meany allied to H. glabella, equally gla- 
brous, wii a balk like rhizome and narrow leaves with scarious sheathing 


capsule linear, often 2 in. long and very n 
3 to 4 lines | nner ones rather Kaallar than the outer; the 


the 
‘parts of the raya frequently but not MET, d trom 6 to 4. 


Anthers linear, very shortly lobed at the base. yles dort short, with 
octo ate papi illose almost plumose lobes, Medi exceeding the fila- 
m 


Australia, King George's Sound and adjoining districts, F. Mueller, Meir, 

Pied Warburton 
R. Br. Prod. 989. Leaves Y hairy, flat 
me only 2 or 3 in., 


ustralia. — of the Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown. 1 
imens , but quite distinct from any others known to e, whether 


y few, 
from I d the f Australia. An imperfect me 
agia or De ee pars iFirst ied ite it has only one imperfect 
h 


Darwi z, n. 641, appears 
a leaf, and d do not see the long hairs of 


one, already in uit, has the long narrow capsule of M. occide 


459 | XXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [Hypoxis. 


TRIBE 4. AcGAvEX.— Tall often woody plants. Radical leaves 
usually numerous, either flat and thick or channelled or terete; stems 
also frequently lea Flowers usually e in terminal compound 
heads or thyrsoid pentalca, Perianth staan, very petaloid, usually 


10. DORYANTHES, Corr. 


Perianth of 6 nearly equal deciduous segments spreading = near 
the base; the 3 inner ones slightly dilated at the base. Stamens 6; 
filaments linear-subulate or slightly dilated at the base ; onthe este 
gated, the basal lobes closing over the filament. B ;le elongated, 3- 
furrowed, with an obtuse terminal 3-angled sti Capsule oblong- 
clavate or turbinate, with a woody endocarp opening loculicidally in 
3 valves. Seéds flat, reniform, in 2 rows in each cell.—Very tall herbs, 
with clustered roots and very long and numerous radical leaves. Stems 
empecen with short lea lowers large, red, in d spikes collected 

a large terminal Cobi head or oblong thyrsu 

o m is limited to Australia. Its nearest connexions are South African and 

Ameri 


Flow id ne wá tek 1 ft. diameter. Perianth-segments 
n. lon 


è ,oblong lin ear, 4 1. D. excelsa. 
ower- às LJ 3 ft. ft, long. Perianth- h-segments oblong: Janceo- i : 
late, 2 in. lon 2. D. Palmer. 


excelsa, Correa in Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 218, t. 23,24. Radical 
tates « "es 100, ” about 4 ft. long, * broadly sword- shaped.” Stem 
attaining 10 to 18 ft., with numerous short linear-lanceolate erect 
leaves d er t 
head of 1 ft. diameter, surrounded b en acuminate leafy 
bracts or floral leaves, the spikes or ilustils PR 
de 


flow wers each, subten d by coloured lanceolate bracts, the rhachis 1 to. — 


N. S. Wales. Po rt Ja ín Bas. cere s river, R. op Geet ae Leich- 
hardt.—W. Hill mentions a white- fore variety which he found on Mount Linds say. 


2. D. Palmeri, W. Hill. Radical leaves “above 100," 5 to 6 ft. 
long and 2 to 23 in. broad in the broadest de art. Stem 6 to 8 ft. high, 


with linear-lanceolate acute leaves like tho ap D. excelsa. Flowers 


red, in an oblong terminal thyrsus about 3 ft 1 ong, the rhachis and 
bracts of ioe same rich colour as the flowers, the spikes not close toge- 
dier, each with a thick short rhachis bearing 3 or 4 flow wide Bracts 
acuminate, os outer one of each spike as long as the flower, those sub-, 
tending the — short. Perianth- segments desde cad mii pale: 


ee CREER IRE P ARMEN RE Ee ae Ee E E ARN EESE ES DESINAT TANE TRU NNI NNNM ST 


Doryanthes.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEX. 453 


or white inside below the middle, about 2 in. long, spreading from near 
the base. Filaments thicker at the base than in D. eacelsa, and as well 
as the anthers much shorter than in that species. 

Queensland. Mount Spicer near Cunningham Gap, W. Hill; Mackenzie river, 
Hartmann.—The above character is taken chiefly from W. Hill's description, and the 
drawings made by Miss Scott, from the specimen exhibited at Brisbane in 1870, con- 
firmed by specimens of portions of the inflorescence. 


TRIBE 5. EvaMARYLLIDEx.—Bulbous plants with horizontally flat 
channelled or terete radical leaves. Scapes leafless. Flowers in umbels 
or rarely solitary, surrounded by 2.or more membranous or coloured 
bracts. Perianth glabrous, often large. Stigma sm 


11. CRINUM, Linn. 


Perianth deciduous, slightly oblique, with a slender tube and 6 nearly 
equal lanceolate or oblong 7: tamens 6, inserted at the base of the 
lobes; filaments nen dilated at the base ; anthers linear or oblong, 


Australian species examined) in each cell, in 2 rows, bordering a nar- 
row peltate placenta. Capsule often oblique opening irregularly, 
th few rather large seeds.—Bulbous herbs usually’ tal eaves all 


mostly white, in a terminal umbel surrounded by a few membranous or 
slightly coloured bracts. : 
_ The genus extends over tropical and southern Africa and Asia. Of the five Austra- 
lian species, one appears to be the same as a common Asiatic one, the four. others are 
probably endemic, 
Flowers sessile in the umbel or on pedicels shorter than the 
ovary. : 
Filaments not } as long as the perianth-lobes. Umbels few- 
d ed e sie Li. ok U, Sees 


flowered. Ovary usually beaked. . . 

Filaments more than 3 as long as the lobes :4 ob. 
Umbels many-flo Ovary usually beaked . . . . 2. C.asiaticum. 
Umbels 1- or 2-flowered. Ovary not beaked . . . . . 3. C. uniflorum. 

Flowers on pedicels usually longer than the ovary, which is not 
ake 


Perianth-lobes about 3 in. long and $ to 1 in. broad . . . 4. C. flaccidum. 

Perianth-lobes 2 to 24 in. long and 3 to õ lines broad . . . 5. C. pedunculatum. 

enosum, R. Br. Prod. 297. Bulb and leaves not described, 
Umbel of 6 to 8 


serv any of the specimens seen. j 
flowers with 2 involucral bracts 24 to 3j in Flowers sessile or 
here and there very shortly pedicellate, the ovary tapering at the top 


454 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJE. [ Crinum. 


N. Australia. Coen river, Gulf of Carpentaria, R. Brown; Sweers island, 
Henne. 
Soren Cumberland island, E. Brown. 


a beak et fon Mi from 2 or 8 d to nearl 2 in. Perianth aie. the 


ments, eia purple towards the base ; ps 
K 


th, Enum. v. 547; C. arenarium, Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2355; E 
aiae AE Amaryll. 259, partiy, 
N. Australia, Victoria river, F. Mue rt Darwin, Schultz, n. 600. 
eene Rockingham bay, Peor frih Shinty pedicellate Suse). 
angustifolium. Leaves under 1 in. ar d.— C. angustifolium, R. E Ru 297 
pis; C seid td" Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2522 .— King's Sound, N.W. c ap- 
man; Adams bay, uem vii mium ‘Schultz, n. 696; Port Dii, P Sater 


e specimen in MR) 8 cune to which m has attached the label of C. ier 
Helium, appears to me certainly to belong to the narrow-leaved form of C. 
e marginal asperities described by him are DL E nd appear oc i ceni 3 vut 
rarely on other riu mens of C. asiaticum. In the sam à set are several specimens 0 of 
7 wn m, to the name of C. angustifolium eben be more appropriate, but 
the leaves have no Miina] asperities. , 

. brachyandrum, Herb. in. Bot. Mag. under n. 2121, and Amaryll. 249, described 
from asin a ek t raised from tropical Australian seeds büt -— should pie A 
be recko oni amongst the varieties of C. asiaticum. The filam , though said t 
Mot are described as very much longer than sme of C. ven puras 


3. C. uniflorum, F. Muell Fragm.ii.93. “ Bulb Liste itia 
Leaves linear, long and flaccid, searcely above 2 to 3 lines broad, Scape 
6 in. to 1 ft. high, bearing only l or rarely = pee or shortly pedicel- 
ate flowers enclosed in 9 bracts of about 2 Ovary not at all or 
scarcely contracted at the top. Perianth “ white or slightly tüzel with 
jme "'the tube 4 to 5 in. long, recurved in the bud; segments of the 

imb 2} to 3 in. long, 4 to 6 lines broad in ies middle. Filaments 
nearly as long as the segments; anthers long and narrow. 
Ets. Australia. Coen river, Gulf of Carpentaria, A. Brown; Sweers island, 
enne 
land. Albany isl a t exposed to: 
the id ti Soest TR Sex vA ey York, M Gillivray ; samy à flats exp 

4. ccidum, Herb. in Bot. Mag. under m. 9191 and t, 21833. 
Bulb not seen. Leaves as far as known elongated, varying in breadth 
from 4 to 1 in. Scape 1} to 2 ft. high. Flowers white, usually 6 to 8 
in the umbel, on F po varying from 4 to 1 in., the braets of the in- 

ined 3 to 4 in. lon ng. Ovary not beaked 
and scarcely Seay under the perianth. Perianth-tube 3 to 4 in. 


Crinum.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. 455 


long, the — of the limb about 23 to 3 in. long; and much broader 
than in any other Australian species, 3 in. in som specimens, nearly 
lin.in others, the whole size of the flower leiden variable. Fila- 
ments from 3 to 3 as lo ong as the segments; anthers scarcely above 3 
lines, —Amaryllis ‘australasica, Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 426; A. australis, 
ied —€— ii. 54. 
. S. Darling river, Mrs. Ford, and thence to Cooper's Creek, Viet 

and a other pedis; Murray river, C. Stuart ; * from the paddock of Mr. [idc 

e 

Australia. Flinder’s range, F. Mueller; in the interior, lat. 32° to 22°, 

AM ‘Douall Stua es i y 

There is ai Banksian koe a specimen laid in as from New Holland, R. 
Brown, it; no pu onding one in Brown's own herbarium. "There may be therefore 
Some mistake, bay ve no sedent of Me ga growing » er pira of Australia 

visited b rown. C. arenarium B, n Bot ae 2531, appears to me to 
Tepresent the larger flowered form of this fios whic s hat generally i from ("e 
interior of N. S. Wal ie sellers South ved ec enero belong to the smaller 
form figured Bot. Mart 


. Br. Prod. 997. Very n 


poster, the pn E shore hike 2n lon NT the segme about as 
E erb. jin 946 n 
 aenden Moreton bay, d in Herb. F. Mueller 
ales. Jackson, Backhouse ; Hastings river, ` Beckler; Glendon, 
Leichhardi; Borken and Castlereagh river, Herb. F. Mueller ; Lord Howe's island, 
: g PERS Murray river, Behr; Morunda to the eastern bend of the river, 
F. Mueller. 


The figu 
pelicel Alan “she ried specimens, and seems rather to represent the short pedicellate 
i e 


m of 0.a a; it was not drawn from any authentically Australian spec 
A roor Red t. 408, referred here by Ker, appears also to t the sa 
e fra ary specimens from Burnet, Haly, and Curri- 


variety of C. asia 

willighie, Dalton, seem almost intermediate between C. edunculatum and C. asiaticum. 
e wild specimens in herbaria are, however, so unsatisfactory, and the cultivated e^ 

in Sedi so frequently uncertain as to their origin, that the distinction of species ca 

only be established by studying them in their native country. 


19. EURYCLES, Salisb. 


Perianth deciduous, funnel-shaped, with a slender but usually short 
tube and 6 nearly equa al broad lobes. Stamens 6, inserted at the mouth 
of the tube; filaments united at the base or to above the middle i ina 


free but dilated into lateral n asm s; anthers 2-lobed at the base. 
Ovary 3-celled, with 2 ovules in cell colis dari attached to an 
exile placenta. Style filiform, blame; with a terminal stigma. Fruit 


456 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEZ. [Eurycles. 


more or less succulent, with 1 or few seeds.—Bulbous herbs. Lea 
all radical, petiolate, the lamina broad with longitudinal rather distant 
veins and transverse veinlets between them. Scape leafless. Flower 
a white, in a terminal umbel surrounded by 2 or 8 membr tion 
racts 


The genus extends over some islands of the Indian Archipelago. Of the two Aus- 
tralian pees, one has the general range of the genus, the other is endemic. 
Leaves very jeg and iini Corona not ł as long as the Au 
perianth-lobes . . E. amboinensis. 
Leaves ag not cordate. Corona not P as long: as the lobes 2. Æ. Cunninghamii. 


l. E. amboinensis, Loud. Encycl. Pl. 949. “ Bulb tunicate, 
brown." Leaves usually several, on rather long petioles, broadly 
ovate-cordate orbicular-cordate or almost reniform, often 8 to 10 in. 
long and as broad or broader, with numerous arcuate rather distant 
veins and transverse veinlets between them. Scapes 1 to 2 ft. high, 


lines long, divided to below the middle into 6 lobes, öli one divided at 
the apex into 2 lanceolate acuminate diverging lobes with the filament 
between them; stamens altogether s shorter than the perianth —Hook. 
Bot. Mag. under t. efit Pancratium wet Linn., Red. Lil. t. 


australasicum, Korin "Bot. Reg.t t. 715; Bagel aut, Loud. Bneyel 
242; E. australis, Schult. Syst. vii. 911; Kunth, Enum v. 691 
Qni sland. Island of Cairncross, Veitch (with flowers 21i in. long); ‘Rock! ing- 
green bay, — Mount Elliot, Fitzalan.—The species is also in the Indian 
re 


ii, Ait, MS.; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1506. Bulbs 
L 1i in. diameter. Taa on long pete, anes not wie but 
veined as in varying from 4 to long. 


inensis, capes 
about 1 ft. high, with an umbel of 6 to 10 flowers Weide by 2 or 3 
w a Perianth 1 to 1: in. long, i tube rather shorter than the 


B. 
"assi Brisbane river, sida vd A. pus pi ETT Leich- 
hardt, C. pres and others ; Rockhampto on, Bowma: 


13. CALOSTEMMA, R. Br. 


Perianth at length deciduous, with a slender but usually short = 
and a funne nel-shaped or spreading nearly equally 6- parted lim 
‘Stamens 6, inserted at the mouth of the tube; fi = united to 


* 


Calostemma.] CXXIII. AMARYLLIDEJ. 457 


about the middle in a tubular corona, truncate or shortly lobed between 

the free parts of the filaments; anthers 2-lobed at the base. Ovary 

l-celled, with 2 or 3 ovules collaterally shied to one side of the 

cavity. ‘Style filiform, obtuse, with a terminal stigma. Fruit globular, 

cree ripening usually only one rather pic fleshy seed.—Bulbous 
8. ith 


radical, nartow with close parallel veins or broad 
E more sti veins and transverse vilü ets.  Scapes leafless. 
lowers variously coloured, smaller than in Hurycles, in a terminal 


umbel surrounded by 2 or 3 membranous bracts. 

T us is endemic in Australia. The remarkable reduction of the ovary to a 
single "i appears to be due to the early abortion of two of the carpels. 

Flowers purple or pink (rarely whi rpureum 

: et P gap ear e 

"inde Pad" Garir white) ; 2. C. luteum. 


3. C. album. 


the. 
above e middle. Perianth-limb usually about 5 lines long, the 
slender tube varying from half as long to nearly that length, and 


ments obovate- quce varying i h. Corona reaching 
Eat half the length of the se ih ver resciiblo | in its orifice, some- 
times truncate between fs filaments and entire 2-toothed or shortly 


divided, sometimes produced Mtv m filaments into 1 or 2 obtuse 
Pee — Bot MM t. 2100; Bot. Reg. t. 
ead of Spencer's gulf, R. aab Barossa, Behr ; Bugle imos 
RÀ (ret vai cus Hinter iis acker. 
1 Var a. Flowers rather larger with a longer tube, approaching t those of C. 
DT det Lon or white.—C. carneum, Lindl. in Mitch. "Three Exped. ii. 39; Bot. 
x 
‘ovate Lachlan river, Mitchell ; ee river, Herb. F. Mueller; 
ope Giles; Lower Edward river, Mein 


SCi 
Tescence of C. pu rpureum of which it may be a variety. Flowers 


ratner larger, the gir -limb often above 4 in. long, and yellow or 

ly white. Corona usua y truncate between da m 
minutely toothed, but I have sometimes fou nd " Mores into short 
broad entire or notched lobes as in C. purpu tamens of 
shortly exceeding the perianth.—Kunth, Enum. v : 698; Bot. Reg. 
t. 421 and 1840, it 19; €. candidum, Lindl in Mitch. Three Exped. 
i. 54; Kunth, Lc. 


= 


458 CXXIII. AMARYLLIDE. [ Calostemma. 


Tg ees Rockhampton, Thozet, O'Shanesy; Barcoo, Schneider; Darling 
owns, La 
OW. S. Wales. Sree river, Mitchell ; Piai ot Plains, ei r itp d E 
reagh river, Woolls; Lower Darling river, Mrs. Ford; thence p n Creek, 
Neilson; Mount serus iain? ‘Mount atl f Douall 

The dien attempted to be drawn from the teeth of the corona ed from 

articulation or dpi ei of the podioels mas in AR same plant; the articulation 

appear only wheu the flowering is advanced; e specimens I see no trace of i 

n others it is very distinct ui some but em all. of "the pedicels. 


3. C. album, R. Br. Prod. 298. Leaves resembling those of vaio 
mi out smaller, ovate, acute, tapering at the base, 3 to 5 
long, 2 to 3 in, broad, with distant. converging primary veins aui | 
transverse vaka. Scapes 1 to ljft. high, bearing an um mbel of 
numerous white flowers on filiform pedicels of 1 to 11 in. surrounded by 

ong; segments of 


ln Sapta Fruit lobular, rather la 


N. Australia. Turtle island, Gulf of eo R. Brown.—A remarkable 
species vhi ta (Ru of Calostemma and the leaves of Eurycles 


Orpver CXXIV. TACCACEÆ. 


u 

to the obes; filaments broad, hood-shaped, shortly 2-lobed at the end; 
anther-cells 2, parallel, adnate to the inside of the hood and projecting 
between the lobes. Ovary inferior, 1-celled, “Styl 2 arietal placentas 
and many anatropous or a amphitropous ovules. short, with a broa 
umbrella-shaped stigma deeply divided into 3 Tiid d lobes. Fruit a 


or fibrous rhizome. Leaves radical, on lo ag gere te and much 
low 


scape in a dense terminal simple um el, aalr itera dd with long 
filaments ras pedicels), and surrounded by an involucre of a few 
large thin bracts. 

The Order is limited to a single genus, represented in the tropical regions of the New 
as well as the Old World. ‘The only Australian species has a wide range over the Indian 
Archipelago and the Islands of the South Pacific. 


l. TACCA, Forst. 


Characters and distribution itas 4 the Order. 
, Forst.; Kunth, Enum. v. 458. Rhizome tube- 
^ globular, attaining under Ks ere a en size but not above 


J 
: 


acca. | CXXIV. TACCACER, 459 


1 in. diameter in the ad dried specimens where it has been preserved. 
Petioles erect, 1 t . long below the ramification, divided always 
into 8 branches which are again ( ola bifid or trifid or dichotomous or 
irregularly branched, each branch pinnate with Lema variable 
istant or more or less confluent segments. In the larger varieties the 
three branches are often 2 to 3 ft. long, once bifid or trifid, the larger 
segments ovate-lanceolate acuminate and 4 to 6 in. long, ut inter- 


oblong mory obtuse; some, arge or small, contracted into 
a short petiolule n distant, JW decurren t along the petiole, or 
m with the next seg In risu 4 form 


equal in size. In a third ne distinct Australian form (var. aconiti- 
Jolia, F. Muell., T. maculata, Seem. Fl. Vit. 103) the leaves are more 
regularly divided, pre MAS almost pit ets with numerous 
linear-lanceolate segments regularly diverging so as to form a eirolë of 
pe 6 to 8 in. diameter. ade the length of the paolo, "e 


tional very small ones wers numerous, on sofł toli 
and usually mixed with numerous long filaments or capillary barren 
pedicels 3 to 4 in. long. th-segm imens ovate and 


erianth-s 
2 lines long, in others lanceolate and 3 lines, but the difference owing 
sometimes to different stages of development, the inner lobes NAT 
larger than the outer. Berry ovoid-globular, 3 to 1 in. diameter, c 
tracted into a rae v crowned by the persistent or ferias 
limb.—R. Br. 

N. Australia. "lanl - the Gulf of tocando y Brown, Sweers; King's 
Sound, N^ NW. coast, Hughan ; Sea range and Victoria F. Mueller; Melvilio island, 
Fraser; Port Darwi m. kait, n. 169, 195, 810, 832; Escape Cliff 

and. Rockingham bay, Dallachy ; ‘Fitzroy island, C. “Walter Both the 
large form considered by Seemann as typical, and the one named y him C. Brownii 
m n on the N. Sakai and in Queensland, with some — as to foliage ; 
r. aconitifolia was sent by F. Mueller with the. c. nii. e have no means 

of aching any differences in the flower with these differences in foliage 


Orver CXXV. DIOSCORIDEJE. 


Flowers neesu, usually dicecious, TRYIN Perianth superior, of 


. 6 lobes or seg Stamens 6 or 3, inserted on the perianth or in 


hs Venim o he rl round a eU eec ovary, shorter than the 
nth-lobes; anthers with 2 parallel cells opening inwards. Ovary 


E Eran 3-celled, with 2 pendulous ovules in each cell Stigmas 3, 


entire or 2-cleft, on a single or distinct styles, or sessile on the ovary. 
ruit a 3-angled capsule, opening at the angles i in 3 loculicidal valves, 


460 CXXV. DIOSCORIDE X. 


or an indehiscent berry. Seeds albuminous, with a minute embryo 
near the hilum.—Herbs often forming large tuberous rhizomes or 


der di oye ki ay genera, dispersed over the tropical and temperate 
regions of eee tk lobe. The only Australian genus certainly belonging to it has the 
wide range of th he Order. The second,  Mxpésioetiy known and therefore doubtful genus 
De ici af is endemic. 


l. DIOSCOREA, Linn. 
(Helmia, Kunth.) 


Flowers dicecious. Stamens in the Australian species 6. Capsule 
3-angled or 3-lobed, opening longitudinally at the angles, often leaving 
their nervelike margins free. Seeds win ed. —Undergrou und rhizomes 

often tuberous and known by the name of Yams, Stems twining. 

A large tropical and — vit especially numerous in South Am rica. Of 
the three Australian species, one is mon in tropical Asia, the two shares as far as 
hitherto known, are endemic. "The pce of all three said to be eaten by the natives 
or colonists as nativ e yams 
Perianth. wa er pie broad. Capsule broader than long. Seeds 

Leaver speci opposite, o ovate-cordate or ene ane 


with a broa 1. D. transversa. — 
Mtm all ree linear or linear- lanceolate, ‘or the lower GUAE 
maller ones triangular-hastate . 2. D. hastifolia. 
Perianth se segments narrow. Capsule lo onger than broad. Seeds à 
nged at one end only. Leaves alternate, ovate-cordate . 8. D. sativa. 


D. lucida, E i Prod. 295, described from a specimen without flowers or frui 
gathered on Endeavour river by Banks and Solander, is B enda a species ol : 
Jioxburghia, tol probably E. javanica, Miq. 


. D. transversa, R. Br. Prod. 295. A slender glabrous twiner with — 
a fc ca rhizome. Leaves opposite or viae triangular-hastate oF 
ovate-cordate, the basal lobes always very spreadi ng with a road 


rupted de nder spikes o of 1j to 2 in., the spikes clustered wee 

r: axillary panicles. Perianth-segments orbicular, above 

line sate in some ens, not half so large in others, but 
aw. hat fully Api oe t mueh dibsipito; the 3 inner ones rather 
small Anthe laments inserted on a disk, with a small 
rudiment of an ovary in the reus Female racemes simple, 9 to 4 in. 
long, the flowers distant. Ovary oblong-linear. Perianth of the males - 
but smaller. Styles short, distinct, the stigmas shortly 2-cleft. Capsule 


Dioscorea. | CXXV. DIOSCORIDEJE. 461 


shortly — -: axis about 2 in. long, the protruding angles or 
lobes about 4 in 


^N. Austra s, Hulls. 
Queensland. Sent by Memes collectors as very common from Brisbane river, 
Moreton bay. A. Cunningham, and others, to Rockingham bar, Dallachy. 

N. S. Wales. Hunter's and Paterson’s rivers, Æ. Brown; Hastings and Clarence 
p Beckler, and others; Richmond river, C. "Moore, "Lot others; New England, 


D. punctata, R. Br. Prod. 294, is referred by F. Mueller denn hesitation to D. 
Eden. In Brown's herbarium there are two 0 specimens in the same sheet, both in 
flower only, without the precise station for either. In both the leaves are similar to 


lobes, but in the other the perianths are rather those of D. sat The D. transversa 

itself is evidently nearly allied to D Pete un 1fi 
t i 55, p. 71, and confirmed by Japanese specimens in the Kew 
herbarium. The Australian plant has the leaves rather different, the basal sinus always 
oft i i T fruit a. 


d ; 
appears to be rather larger, but tl etd be varia e D. batatas Decsne., is cer- 
Rae quite distinct from it, but hal y the Mnt. as the common Indian D. glabra, 


- hastifolia, Endl. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 99. A smaller d than 
D. transversa, with slender almost filiform iude stems. Lower leaves 
toni ular-hast tate, 3- or 5- Dur ved, under 1 in. long and somotiries as 


v. E 
W.A lia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll. n. 821, ii n. 1954; Cham- 
pion ir and 3 Murchison river, Oldfield; Pinjarrah, J. S. Pries. 
3. D. sativa, Linn. as Pl. 1463, Hort. Cliff. t. 28, but not of 
rti Enum. Stems from a tuberous rhizome elongated and twining, 
ring green g polities bulbs in the veda of the S Leaves 


. very small, the AiK aRt very narrow, those of each series 

almost valvate in the bud, the inner ones linear. Stamen , the 
anthers almost sessile in the centre of the flower round a rudimentary 
pistil. Female C i in longer slender single spikes. Capsule ob- 
ong, the axis about 2 in. long. Seeds boron ge! wing a t the lower 


* 


462 CXXV. DIOSCORIDEZ. [ Dioscorea. 


t. 878 and of à most modern authors but not of Linn.— Helmia bulbifera 
t Enum, v. 435. 

tralia. Ts lands of the Gulf of Carpentaria, 2. Brown; Goulburn island, 
A. "Cunningham; Melville island, Fraser ; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 173 ; Port Essing- 
ton, 
Quecasland. Rockingham bay, Dallachy. 

The species is widely spread over East India and the Archipelago. I have already 
(Fl. Hongk. 368) epee nd m that ole authors have transposed the Linnean 
names of f the t two species, D. sativa and D. bulbifera, both of which are apt to bear 
bulbs in the axils of the leaves 


2.? PETERMANNIA, F. Muell. 


Stamens | 6; filaments capillary, with linear anthers. Ovary T 


with 4 or 5 ovules in each cell. St tyle filiform, undivided. 
1l-celled berry, with several seeds.—Stems twining. Flowers in ips 
opposed panicles. 


The genus is limited to the single imperfectly known species endemic in Australia. 


F. Muell. Fragm. ii. 93. A glabrous climber with 
the. Smilaa: i pm. BE the Dioscoridee, the 


rrow iege loose, d and rather longer than the ‘leaves, the 
eiaeaen ns 'and apparently few-flowered, but the specimens only 
retain UK or 3 fruits the flowers having fallen away, and in the upper 
put inflorescences are replaced by simple tendrils. proe about 
ii poem eter, crowned by the scar of the fi na flower and con 
saik several unripe seeds. There are no loose flowers with thé 
specimen, but according to F. Mueller “ Perianth- Pippi about 
24 lines. long. g, only seen as well as the stamens in the "female plant. 
Filaments ic. 1} lines long, deciduous; anthers 1 line long. 
Styles 2 lin 
Cloud’s creek, Capat eb Beckler.—Of this I have only seen 
retai 


: a pe 
tite a^. hermaphrodite flowers, and several ovules in each cell of the ovary 


cribed by F. Mueller, are at variance with the ordinal character, and the venation of © 


the leaves is different from that of any of the dictyogenous Monocotyledons known 


i a MM a ci T alo si 


463 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


—9—— 


The MP dne and Species incidentally mentioned are printed in Italics. 


Acalypha 
capillipes, a M sali. 


Cunni; urn , Mu. 
Ar 


eremorum, Mu Arg. 1 


nemorum, 'F. Muell. 
hus . . 


P. 


Br 
exsertus, Br.. d 
fornicatus, Br. 
viridis, Hook. f.. . 
Acteph f 


grandifoli i&, Baill. i 


latifolia, Benth. . 
Moo 


Billardieri, Baill. 


E. Dampieri, F. Muell, 


: m 

Agathis, Sali 

n : is, Salisb. 

: ilicifolia, Mult Arg. 
_ Thozetiana, Baill, . 


ae 
188 


nins F. Muell. 
rulea, Bent. 


hostilia F. Muell. 
Amanoa 
iaa Baill. 
Dallach Baill. 
faginea a, Baill, 
Leickhardtii, Baill. 


momit- e > +: 
Dallachyi, F. gn 
A 


255 

265 
265 
122 
123 
121 
121 
119 


;120 
. 415 


455 


; v2 Ts 


mperea . 25581 
conferta, Benth... . 88 
neiformis, F Mu, 84 
ericoides, A. J 83 
micrantha, Benth. 83 
protensa, Nees ; 82 
r inifolia, Kl. 83 

spartioides, B 8 
Mencia N 82 
volubilis, F. Muell. 82 

ndrachne . . . 8 
Deeaisnei, Benth. . 88 
fruticosa, Dene. . 88 

Androstemma 

junceum, Lindl. 441 
Anigozanthos . ... 441 
bicolor, Endl. . . 446 
ecinea, Paxt. . . 444 
flavida, Red. . 443 
fuliginosa, H 447 
grandiflora, Salisb. . 444 
"ph Lindl. 444 
Manglesii, Don 445 
aes Maund. . 444 
ma, Lehm, 444 

Preisi. Endl. 4 
pulcherrima, Hook. . 443 


Page 
rufa, Labill. . 449 
tyrianthina, Hook. 443 
Nodes Endl . 445 
€ inpia EUR Dene. 102. 
Anisophyilum, Haw. . 44 
hobolus | 226 
ps to Br.. 226 
foveolat atus, F.M uell. 226 
leptomoricides F. M. 227 
r, Br. . 926 
icd. eR 179 
macrophylla, Br. . 179 
tides S d 84 
Bunius, Spreng 86 
Dallachyanum, Baill. 85 
, F.M 87 
Ghesembilla, Gaertn. 85 
paniculatum, Roxb. 85 
parvifolium, F. Mu. 86 
Schultzii, Benth 86 
sinuatum, B 87 
Aphananthe . «359 
philippinensis, Plan. 160 
Apostasia . 395 
stylidioides, Reich’. 396 
. 242 
Bidwilli, Hook. . 243 
Cunninghamii, ptu 243 
dena 
a, Sm. 386 
Aristolochia. ded 
Baueri 
deltantha, T "Muell. 207 
indica, Linn. . 
prevenosa, F. Muell. 208 
pubera, Br. . 208 
8 ped Duch. . 208 
Thozetii, F. Muell. . 208 
Bue aliens 206 
Arthrochilus 
irritabilis, F, Muell. 368 
taxis . 41 


464 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 
Page Page Page 
alpina, Van Houtte . 242 latifolia, Muell.Arg. 66 Brunonis, Reichb. . 393 
cupressoides, (249 lepidopetala, Mu. Ar. 67 e:erulea, 388 
niana, Park 242 similis, Muell. Arg. 67 Cairnsiana, F. "Muell. 380 
imbricata. Maule 242 üneg& cs 6 ue ae a, Br. . 986 
laxifolia, Hook. 242 canescens, Lindl. . 441 clavigera, Cunn. . 382 
selaginoides, Don . 242 | Bletia ongesta, Br. 87 
tetragona, Hoo + 24 Pauline, EF. MT 304 eu "hon Reichb 375 
Australina . 188 Nri a eant . 305 deformis, Br. . 988. 
Muelleri, Wedd. . 189 xa. X denticulata, Lindl. . 981 
INovc-Zelandic, i enr Plau ch. . 258 dilatata, Br. . 982 
Hook. f. 189 ee Rich, . 258 diph iia, Reichb. . 390 
Lost Gaudich. 189 | Boe discoidea, Lindl. 380 
a, Hook.f. 189 caloghieb; F. Muell. 184 rummondii, Benth. 383 
olbophy 286 elliptica, Reichb. 375 
Balanophora. . . . 232 aurantiacum, F. Mu. 288 elongata, Lindl. . 85 
ngosa, Forst, , . 232 , P. Muell. .. 289 emarginata, Reichb. 393 
BALANOPHOREX. 231 uum, F. Muell. . 288 filamentosa, Br. 381 
Baloghia 148 | lie m, F.Mu. 287 | filamentosa, Lindl. . 382 
lucida, En zo B nematopodium, F.M. 28 filifera, Lindl. . . 381 
Pancheri, Baill. 149 n fimbriata, Reichb. . 979 
Hy. uiis " 74 988 | flava, Br.. 84 
Cunninghamii, Plan. 75 Shed pi Muell. 288 gemmata, Lindl 389 
gummifera, Planch. 75 | Bowe . 254 | gracilis, Br. . © . 387 
gummifera, var, aana o Hook. . 954 Gunnii, Reichb. 391 
Muell. Arg. 71 | Bradleia, Gertn. . 96| hirta, Lindl. 383 
Mitchelli, Mu. Arg. 76 | Breynia nw ixioides, Lin . 989 
gifolia,Mu.Arg. 8| cernua, Muell. Arg. 113 | latifolia, Br 384 
olezfolia, Planch. . 76 cens, Baill, . 114 longicauda, 382 
llata, F. Muell. 77 eriana, Baill.. 114| macrophylla, Br. . 379 
pinifolia, Planch. . 75| oblongifolia, M. Arg. 114 | major, Reich 92 
pomaderroides, F. M. 77 ynchocarpa, Benth. 114 | marginata, Lindl. . 385 
cladus, Mu. Arg. stipitata, Arg.. 114|  Menziesii, Br 79 
arinifolia, Plan. 76 | Briedelia. . . . . inor, Reichb. 392 
rotundifolia, F. M 7 exaltata, F. Muell. . 119 mollis, Let * 383 
tasmanica, Mu. A ) faginea, P. Muell. . 120 mollis, . 985 
eyeria . . 63 Sx Mi Vli “Baill. 121 i ines ” Reichb, 380 ` 
Backhousii, Hook. f. 65 ata, D . 120 . 885 
ifolia, Baill. 67 ovata, v rg. 119 nigricans, Reichb. 374 
cinerea, Baill, . 66 tonentoss, oe . 120 | ochreata, Lindl.. . 385 
cya Benth. . 66 | Burmann . 897 | pallida, Lindl. . . 382 
cygnorum, Baill. . 66 sie em Don. 398 Patersoni, Br. 381 
Drummondii, Mu.Ar. 68 distachya, Br 7 pellita, End... + 389 
lasiocarpa, F. Muell. 65| disticha, Lin 397 |  Preissii, Endl. 385 
latifolia, . . 66| juncea, Soland.. . 397 | pulcherrima, F. 381 
ledifolia, Sond. . . 65 lla, Thbw;. vas 998 reniformis, Reichb 37 
lepidopetala, 67 | BURMANNIAOER 396 repu. Lindl.. . 385 
Se a "Baill. 65 | Burnettia Roei, Bent. . 383 
ifolia, ti 64 cuneata, Didi. 375 saccharata, Reich. 388 
iw =» 05 verbe, Lindl. i880 | 
similis, Baill. 1:207 ia, . 876 se ichb.. .. 986 
tristioma, F. Muell. 68 alata, Br. . 286 LA NA Reichb. . 385 
uncinata, F. Mu 65 Br. . sulphurea, Cunn. . 386 
a, Mig... « 64 angustata, Hook. f. 386 tentaculata Schlecht: 382 
Paperiapet. angustata, Lindl. 387 tes 387 — 
rifolia, Mu. Arg. 68 aphylla, Benth.. . 8 aar an Hla “Lindl 388 
“cinerea, "Muell. Arg. 66 an , Reichb. 383 | Calant , oO Wa 
eyanescens, Mu. Arg. 67 barbata, Lindl, . . 38 sernutiloling Br.. 
cygnorum, Mu. Arg. 66|  JBehriü Schlecht. . 382 | Caleana ....-.- 


ENPE EPEE E E AAIEN NEEESE T ONE T S 


. INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 465 
Page : Page 
major, Br. . . . 365| gracilis, Endl “ti Gunnii, Hook. f. 195 
minor, Br. E 366 hypericina, C. de Mey liana, Miq. 96 
gans Lindl. ; 366 intermedia, C. A. na T humilis, Ott. et Dietr. 200 
la ndi 7. 30 na, Cunn. 
Wivaricalisisit, Mu. Lehmanniana, Endl, Lehmanniana, Miq. 200 
Arg 60 ligustrina, C. A. Mey. 18 leptoclada, Miq. . 197 
hexandra, Mu. Arg. 57 linifolia, C. A. Mey. 18 rocarpa, Cunn. . 195 
linearis, Muell. . 60 linoides, Endl. 248 microstachya, Mig. . 201 
micrantheoides, Bail. 57 longiflora, Endl. 34 cesta, F. Muell. 198 
orientalis, Baill. 60 otal oe ,W 15 uelleri Miq. . 198 
ovalifolia, Mu. Arg. 59 enkeana, Endl. 15 na, Sù Do nU qe 
Caleya mirocepkala, Endl. 27| nana, Cunn.. . . 200 
major, Endl í 366 taB obesa, Mig. . . . 197 
Callitris . 13|  exycada, Mi 202 
actinostrobus, F. M. 240 piyiicoidon Walp - 33| paludosa, Sieb. . . 199 
osa, Sweet. . 2 hiiana, pauper, F. Mue 196 
calcarata, Br. . 8 Pat < p Pr na, Miq. . 200 
lumellaris, F. Mu. 2 alata, C. A. Mey. 17 puie Ott. etDietr. 199 
cupressiformis, Vent. 238 spicata, Endl. . . quadriv m 19 
glauca, Br. . 237 aveolens, Endl. .. cii i 
‘Gunnii, Hook. f. . 239 vestris, C. A. Mey. 12 jetr. gk * 900 
oblonga, Rich. 39] tinctoria, En my in da, a i a 
Parlatorei, F. Muell. 235 trichostachya, Walp. 24 selaginoides, Miq. . 200 
iq. . 237 villifera, Walp. . . 21 sparsa, Tausch.. . 197 
sa t; i1837 villosa, Turcz, . . 84 stricta, Ait . 195 
rhomboidea, Br.. . 238 | Calyptrosti stricta, Miq c. 3198 
i; Hi 2/28 ledifolium, Kl. . . 68 suberosa, Ott. et Dietr. 197 
tuberculata, Br.. . 287 |  oblongifo Kl. . 64| tenuissima, Sieb. . 2! 
verrucosa, Br. . 237 iscosw ; 64 teph Hort. 200 
Calochilus . . . . 8 mpylonema thuyoides, Mig. . . 202 
australianus, F. Mu. 815 — umm cu WIS ortuosa, Hi ~ 197 
ca ris, Br. . 315 | Campynema . . torulosa, A . 200 
herbaceus, Lindl 815 rt i orulosa, Miq. . 196, 199 
paludosus, Br. . 916 pygmeum, F. Muell. n trichodon, Mig . 196 
i Robertsoni, Benth. . 815 | Carum . 149 truncata, Wilid 197 
Calos . . 456 pallidum i Muell Arg. 150 | CasvamEER . . . 192 
e “6 58| platy uell, atakidozamia 
candidum, Lindl. . 457 ryos LH. . 2M 
carneum dl 457 populum, "Reinw. 150 Macleayi, Hill . 254 
luteum, 457 | populneum, Mu.Arg. 150 | Celtis. . . . . . 156 
purpureum, Br. 457|  Sieberi, CU ell. Arg. 150 mboin Willd. 159 
Calycopeplus . . 5 stillin, —MÁ eel aspera, Brongn. . . 158 
ephedroides, Planch. 53 uari ingens, F. Muell. . 156 
marginatus, Benth. . 5 acuari "M En m opaca, Moore 157 
. ,Paucifolius, Baill. . 58] Bax a, Miq. dinh Tinn.. . 159 
. Calyptrostegia bicuspidata, Benth. . m panieulata, Planch. 156 
angustifolia, C. A. crist ipiseli Blanco 156 
ER. o2 4 “138 Cun nicis iia Atty: 198 stryc chn we: Planch. 156 
a, C. A. M. 25 Decaisneana, F. Mu. virgat oxb. 158 
brevifolia, C. A. Mey. 12| decussata, =r ; 300 Psi ere 
a, C. A. Me 17|  distyla, Ven . 198 javanica, B oe 
cluytioides, Walp. . 29 Dramnondins Afi = Chiloglottis . + 990 
cornucopiæ, Endl. 6| dumosa, diphyll 390 
curviflora, C. A. Mey. 81| echinata, Br. | Gunnii > m 
— 3Drummondii, Turez. equisetifolia, Forst. . 197 | Cho 217 
. Pava, Endl. .... .. 99 Mila, Deis 197 |  Candollei, F. Muell. 219 
- glauca, C. A. Mey.. 16| Fra a Mig, . 199 cieyenuilum, P. Mu. 218 
.. graciliflora, Endl. . 12| glauca, mig Am . 196 | glomeratum . 218 
VOL. Vi. us s 


466. INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


Page Page 
lateriflorum, Br.. . 219 | cymosa, F; Muell. . 439 ia ifoli "e Bes roi 
lateriflorum, A. DC. 219 Lindi. |. 436 enarium, H . 454 
oxye , F. Ma. . 218 | discolor, Endl 4 ation inn. 5 
pauciflorum, A. DC. 219 ummondii, Benth. 433 ustralasicum, Herb,’ 454 
Preissianum, Miq. . 221 ensifolia, Doers 440 australe, Herb. . 45 
spicatum, F. Muell. 218 | — festucana, Endl . 437 bra achyandru qm, Herb. 454 
spi 221 | filifolia, F. Muell. . 438 , Herb, . 454 
horizotheca gladiata, Benth . 484 accidum, Herb. . 454 
oe Mu. graminea, Endl.. . 440 pedunculatum, Br. . 455 
61 | . involucrata, Endl . 484 taitense, Red. . 
Chrysostemon cea, Endl . 434 uniflorum, F. Muell, 454 
"ar KL. 4 . BI . 489 venosum, s 
kopeu longifolia, Endl. . 440 ton 23 
ise, F. Muell. 289 melanopogon, Endl. 432 acronychioides, F. Mu. 127 
odes ani 433 emieus, Mu.A 27 
ilicifolia, Baill. . . 186 misera, Ra 440 insularis, Baill. . "124 
Thozetiana, Baill. . 137 occulta 440 | marginatus, Cunn 73 
Claoxylo nF petroplibidesJ Mu. 43] mollissimus, Geisel. 14 
tifolium, Muell Preissii, . 437 | opponens, F. Muell. 125 
Niger s prolifera, Benth . + 436| paniculatus, La 
Bail. . . 130| propinqua, Endl. . 436 |  phebalioides, F. Mw. 125 
Hillii, Bent 131| psyllium, Ændl. . . 433 |  phebalioides, Cunn. 125 
tenerifolium, F. Mu. 130 pusilla, Endl . 433 philippinensis, Lam. 14 
Clei . . 295 . 436| qua npari , Labil. 135 
Loses ed F. E . 996 seorsiflora, F. Muell. 435 ricinoides, Pers. . 140 
Macphe u, 297| se . . 439 romarin jolina 
tridentatum, Lind E setigera, Br. . . . 432 3, 76 
Cleistan T ; N setosa, Lindl. .*», 481 Schult denti: ; 194 
o. enth. "is spathacea, Endl.; . 440 s, F. Muell. 125 
Cu tindhui Mult spinuligera, F. Mu. 438 uence F. Mu. 126 
Ar stylidioides,F.Muell. 435 triacros, F. Muell. . 127 
Da lach yanus, " Bast. 122 sulphurea, Endl. . 432 Verreauxii, Baill, . 126 
” semiopacus, F.Muell. 123 | teretiuscula, F. Mu. 435 | viscosus, Labill. . . 64 
Codixum . 147 |  vaginata, Endl. . . 431 | Cryptostylis. . . . 332 
chrysostictum m:Sprng. 147 | villosa, Benth, , . 438| erecta, Br. . . . 334 
lucidum, Muell. Arg. 148 Corybas leptochila, F. Muell. 334 
moluccanum, Dene. 14 aconitiflorus, Salisb. 352 longifolia, Br. . . 333 
obovatwm, Zoll. . . 147 fimbriatus, Reichb. , one ovata, Bri... 55 
Pancheri,Muell. Arg. 149 | pruinosus, Reichb. subulata, Reichb. . 833 
pictum, Hook. . 147 SERERA a i Reichb. 350 Cudrania. . . . . 178 
variegatum, Blume . 147 | Co rymbis javanensis, Trec. . . 179 
Calebsgyne veratrifolig, Reichb. sil Cunninghamia 
ilicifolia, J. Sm, . 136 | Corymborchis cupressoides, Zucc. . 242 
Coni s: 4. 282 veratrifolia, Bl. . . 811 selaginoides, Zuce. . 242 
Conostylis . . . . 428 | Corysanthes . . . | 350 pressus 
aculeata, Br.. . . 438 | bialcarata, Br. . . 351| australis, Desf. . . 238 
emula, Lindl, . . 433 diemenica, Lindl, . 351 | Cupunirerm  . . + 209 
albicans, Cunn. . . 436 trinis Br . 351 | Careuligo. . . . MT 
androstemma, F.Mw. 440 | pruinosa, Cunn.. . 351|  ensifolia, Br. ~ . 448 
assimilis, Endl. . . 483 unguiculata, Br. . 350 orchioides, Miq.» > 448 
uri in - « 482 | Cost recurvata, Ait. . » 448 


ea, 6 
bracteata, Endl. . . 437 Potieræ, F. Mult. . 266| stans, Labill. . . 448 
bri i 7 Curcuma . . . . 262 
breviseapa, Br. . . 430 Dintend, s 1.1 p australasica, Hook. f. 263 
bromelioides, Endl. . 438 | Covellia Ürcapg-m .. . » « 248 
candicans, Endl.. . 436 glomerata, Miq.. . 178 OWN. uo. o 8s 249 
canescens, F. Muell. 441| oppositifolia, Gasp. 177 |  angulata, Br. . . 249 

ioina, Lindl, . . 440 | Crinum . . . , . 463| gracilis, Miq. » . 249 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES, 


an 
Mel, [9 
Cymb 
heey alice F. Mu. 303 


eanalicu T Br,- -802 
irtum, Br. ere +!) 
reflexum, Br re d 
suave, Br . 803 
Cynomorium 
balanophora, Willd. . 232 
Cyrtostylis . . 376 
Huegelii, Endl 376 
reniformis, Br. . 976 
Dacrydium . . . . 244 
Franklinii, Hook.f. . 245 
uonense, Cunn. . 245 
tetragonum, Parlat . 241 
Damasonium 
orum, Planch. . 257 
indicum, Willd. 257 
ovalifolium, Br. 5T 
Dammara. . . 244 
robusta, Moore . . 244 
Daphne 
indica, Linn. |. , 97 
Daphnobryon. —. 
tasmanicum, Meissn. 36 
Dendrob ee MD 
emulum Br, . 280 
kriit F. 
uell, a 


81 
aurantiacum, TF. Mu. 288 
Beckle ri, F. Muell . 


ifor 285 
canaliculatum, Br. 8 
cassythoides, Cu 307 
complanatum, Cunn. 277 
eucumerinum, Li 283 
dieuphum, F. Muell. 277 
discolor, Lindl. . . 279 
elongatum, Cunn. . 281 

uum, F. 1.. 289 
Fairfaxii, F. Mueli. 285 
Fellowsii, V. la 4i 
gracilicaule, F. Mw. 281 

illii, H C (AN 
Hill, F. Muell.  . 295 
hispidum, A. Rich.. 283 
Johannis, Reichb. . 279 
Kingianum, Bidw. . 280 
linguiforme 4$ 48 
Milligani, F. Muell. 286 
minutissimum, F. M. 27 


7 
monophyllum, F. M. 282 


Page 
Moorei, F. Muell. . 281 
Mortii, F. Muell. . 286 


puigoniforme, one 284 
pun 301 
Pungentifolany P A. 284 

. 284 


um, Br. 
PLN. Lindl. . 286 
Shepherdi, F ‘nell. 288 
Sil Z reg lj... 282 
. 279 
striolatucs, LA. . 285 
Sumneri, ri, F. Muell. . 278 
Tattonianum, hers 82 
teretifolium, 85 
teretifolium, Lindl. . 286 
tetra 279 
oriita, Taa . 8 
undulatum, Bes 278 
: 46 


lucida, 4 
punctata, Br. . .461 
sativa, Linn. 461 


transversa, Br. . 460 
ode RIDEM |. 0. 0 409 
arrhena . 999 
titio Benth . 400 
Morea, Labill 400 
Dip odium . 900 
pi hae F. Muell. 301 
pansinan, . 801 
enosum, F. Muell. . 900 
Diis . 240 


Archeri, Hook. f. . 240 


alata PM Ia 
Dissilia 

baloghioides, z. Mu. 
Muelleri, 91 
tricornis, pe 419 
iuris «cg 
nne iata, F. Mu. . 999 


qualis, F. Muell. . 328 

pe HE a 25 
aurea, S i 327 
ehrii, Schlecht. 328 
carinata, Lindl 330 
orymbosa, Lindl 31 
curvifolia, Lindl. . 328 
Dr DN Lindl. 330 
elongata, S 326 
marginata, e ..980 
filifolia, Lindl. 329 
anceolata, Lindl 328 
iflora, Lindl.. . 336 
Kaa F. Muell. . 326 
longifolia, Br, . 931 


467 


Page 
lata, Si... 827 
Noe pires 

iss . 332 
wlata, Y F. Mu. 827, E 

dee Benth. 3 
palust is, Lindl. MT 
pardina, Lindl. . 328 
ciflora, Br. . 331 
peduneulata, Br 328 
porrifolia, L 331 
unctata, S 326 
setacea, Br. . «4.329 
spathulata, Sw, . . 327 
sh AE Ds. 330 
Doryant 452 
beum Gon 452 
Paimeri, Hill . 452 
Drakea 367 
ciliata, "Reichb. 367 
el Lindl . 968 
irritabi a Reichb 368 
Drapetes. 35 


Drymispermum 
Biumei, Den 


Denes: iu 38 
lerodendron, F. M. 39 
laurifolium, Dene. . 38 

untanni, F. Mu.. 38 
Dumartroya 
fagifolia, Gaud. . 181 
Echino 
aayi, F. Mu. 141 
Echinosphera js 


osmarinoides, Sieb. 70 


r 
Echinus 


claoxyloides, Baill yi 


philippinenis, Baill. 141 
Elachocroton 
asperococcus, F. Mu. 152 
ELÆAGNACEÆ® . 39 
Elæagnus 2029 
latifolia, Linn. ee. 
Elatostemma . 183 
reticulatum, Wedd. . 183 
sessile, Forst. + 184 
stipitatum, Wedd. . 184 
lettaria ROT 
Scottiana, F. Muell. 264 
Encephalartos 
Denisonii, F. Mu. . 253 
ty 3 iq. " 252 
Macdónelli, F. Mu. 253 
Miquelii, F. Muell.. 253 
dii, 252 


468 


Page 
Paulo-Gulielmi, F. 
Muell. . ^ 


Preissii, F. Muell. . 252 
spira i 1 
ed. 
arborea, F. Muell 54 
Epiblema . . 924 
grandiflorum, Br. . 324 
Epipactis 
cucullata, Labill. . 372 
reflexa, Labill . 890 
Epipogum . 908 
Gulf e "Muell. 308 
nutans 308 
Eria 
limenophylax, 
Reichb. . 290 
Eriochilus 371 
autumnalis, Br. 372 
cucullatus, Reichb. . 372 
dilatatus, Lindl. 373 
latifolius, Lindl 373 
Lindieyi, E .:872 
multiflorus, Lindl. . 373 
r, Lind 372 
tenuis, Lindl. :UOMS 
throrchis 
aphylla, F. "utr . 307 
a F. Muell. . 308 
Eue 
Murrayana, Mitch. 217 
Eulophia . 299 
Fi hi, X 300 
venosa, Reichb. f. 300 
Euphorbia 44 
alsinzeflora, Baill. 49 
mstrongii, Boiss.. 48 
to, Forst. . 46 
australis, Boiss 48 
—— Baill. 6 
chamesyce, Baill. . 49 
Baltaci yana, Baill.. 49 
deserticola, F. Mu. . 52 
oe . Cunn. 50 
rummondii,.Boíss.. 49 
eremophila, A, Cunn. 52 
erythrantha, F. Mu. 48 
Ferdinandi, l 49 
nie Wiss 51 
8, Poi 46 
Mao nlivrayt, Boiss 50 
micradenia, Boiss. 50 
Michellinna. Boiss, 47 
Muelleri, Boiss. 48 
rtoides, Boiss. 50 
ria, F. ell . 46 
pop KI 53 
s, Linn. 5 


^ Page 
emitir Linn. . 51 
issima, Boiss. . 47 
schiaolepis, “p, Mu.. 4T 
Schultzii, Benth. . 47 
serrulata, Reinw 51 
rkoensis, aill. 50 
Sparmanni, Boiss. 46 
vaccaria, Baill. 48 
Wheeleri, Baill 49 
"zd e 41 
455 
rele Loud . 456 
australasica, Loud. . 456 
australis, Schult. . 456 
Cunninghamii, Azt.. 456 
sylvestris, Salisb. 456 
Excæca $ 152 
locha, nn. 152 
chamelea, B + 459 
Dallaehyana, Baill.. 153 
parvifolia, M 153 
Exocarpus 227 
aphylla 230 
cupressiformis, 2 
stachys, Schicht. 230 
glandulacea, Miq. . 229 
— loclada, Moore 
Muell. 230 
humif sa, Br 31 
humifusa, Hook. f. 231 
latifolia, Br. . 28 
à dri gf F.M. 230 
niensis, Presl. . 228 
miniata, Zipp . 228 
nana, i Fo «W81 
bes ; VS . 228 
ovata, nitz . 228 
ers ag B ' Muell. 29 
“Spa . 929 
spicata, po. . 999 
ricta, Br. . . 28 
202 
©. "Moo e 211 
dried Hook. 210 
Gunnii, Hook. f. 210 
Moorei, P. Muell. . 211 
Fatou 2718 
ro "Gaudich. . 182 
Fieus . . 160 
aculeata, Cuinn. . 175 
aspera, Forst. 174 
australis, Will 168 
Beckleri, Miq. . 175 
benjaminea, Linn. . 167 
wacky LM. 107 
earia, £F. Muell. 177 
abbar Miq. . 165 


- 


australis, Nees . 
Fronela . > > 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


eolossea, F. Muell. . 
aris, C 


eugeniol oides, 
fasciculata, vj M well. 
Fi 


tgalami, Miq. . 
eri, F. Muell. . 165 
glochidioides, F. Mu 178 
lo ta, id. . 118 
en è 165 


hispida a, Lin n. f. . 176 
Huegelii, Kunth et 
Bo 


ouc ; 70 
ecora, Miq. 175, 176 
lachnocaula, Miq. . 169 
nata, F. Muell. 168 
Leichhardtii, Miq: . 170 
leptoclada, Benth. 172 . 
leucotricha, Miq. 167 
macrophylla, Desf. . 170 
magnifolia, F. M 171 
micracantha, Miq. . 175 
mollior, F. Muell. . 173 
Muelleri, Mig. . 67 
eglecta, Dene. . . 167 
nesophila, Miq.’ 64 
nitida, Thunb. . 166 
visu cui Yd ; 


oppos 
aporis No, "wind. 
philippinensis, m 1 


pilosa, Reinw. . 164 
platypoda, Cun 169 
psychotriefolia, Miq 165 
puberula, Cunn. 169 
pumila, Linn. . - 171 
retusa, Linn.. . . 166 
rubiginosa, Desf: . 168 
salicina, F. Muell. . 172 
bina, Benth. . . 176 
carpa, F. Muell. 174 
stipulata, Thunb. . 172 
stipulosa, Miq. 63 
a 5 Mu. . 166 
vesca, F. 1 ^ 


vitellina, d 
rya 
photiniphylla, Kunth 192 


lug gea, 
melanthesoides,F Mu. 115 
Fr 


188 
234 


URS 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES, 469 


longifolia, F. Muell 


Maxwelli, F, Muell. 40. 


ag 
Enosa, n. 238 
attenuata, Cu . 288 
australis, Br. . 238 
australis, En . 238 
calcarata, Cunn. . 238 

canescens, Parlat. . 23 
columellaris, F. Mu. 237 
er alvis, Miq 37 
Drummondii, Parlat. 236 
Endlicheri, Parlat. . 238 

fruticosa, Br . 23 
fruticosa, Endl. . 238 
uticosa, Cu . 297 
glauca, Mirb. . 237 
ielmi, Parlat. . 287 
Gunnii, Endl. . 239 
intratropica, F . 237 
leayana, Parlat. 235 
macrostachya, Gord. 239 
ocarpa, C . 287 
‘Moorei, Parlat. . . 237 
eri, Parl . 257 
Parlatorei, F. Muell. 235 
opinqua, Cunn. . 237 
yramidalis, Cunn. . 238 
rhomboidea, 237 
sta, Cunn. . 236 

Roei, Endl, . 236 
rdata, P. .. 236 
triquetra, Spach . 238 
tuber culata, Mirb. . 237 
v is, is, C 39 
E Mirb, > | 938 
verrucosa, C . 287 
Fusanus . . 215 
curi inatus, Br.. - 215 
crassifolius, Br... 17 
diversifolius, Miq. . 216 
icarius, F. Mu. . 216 
spicatus, Br.. . 17 
Galeola 306 
cassythoides, Reti, bf. 307 
foliata, F. Mi 307 
nutans, Blume . 308 
Gastrodi . 908 
"uersus Br. . 309 

E. Geroplesi i 

E Bowers, ‘Br. < << 3, 0445 
| fragilis, Jai . 4, 402 
glabrata, F. oe . 407 
juncea, F. Muell. . 405 
. lanata, F. Mud iL 6 


occidentalis, F. Mu. 
P2 


F. 
e Mr Forst. . 
3 


OSS . 


Page 
403 


ll. 405 


Brunon: . 993 


carga, Z s Lind i 
. 892 


polygonoides, F. Ma 


viridiflora, Blume . 313 


ia 
australis, Lindl 294 
a, Lin 15 20 
Gymnanthes, Sw. a . 151 
Gymnococe 
rupacea, Fisch. et 
à 074 n 23 
Habenaria. . 39 
arnhemica, F. Muell. 395 
elongata, Br.. . . 9394 
graminea, Lindl, . 394 
ochroleuca, Br. 395 
propinquior, Reichb. 395 
trinervis, Wigh . 394 
than » €95 
m . 418 
brevi , F. Muell. 419 
bre — Benth, 420 
coccineum. 4 
dstichop am, Hk. 419 
. 420 
wert F. Mu. . . 423 
laxum, Br. . . . 421 
lep chyu 423 
paniculatum, Lindl. 420 
parviflorum, Benth. 423 
planifolium, Br. 22 
polycephalum, Endl. 421 
simplex, Lindl. 421 
simulans, F. Muell. 421 
sparsiflorum, F. Mu. 420 
spicatum, „ 420 
strictum, Endl. . . 420 


subvirens, F. Muell. "8 
tenuifolium, 4. Cunn. 423 
teretifolium, Br. . 422 
enia 
arctiflora, F. Muell. 266 
cærulea, Br. . . . 266 
Helmia 

bulbifera, Kunth. . 462 

< KT 


akioa M. A 7. 118 
lasiogyna, F. Muell. 118 
i . et Arn. 117 
opes var. F. Mu. 118 


Tahona, DO. . 65 
Heterolæna i 

decussata, C. A. Mey. 11 

Hendersoni, C. A. 


ey. 10 
hispida, C. å. Mey. 10 
incana, C. A. Mey. 20 
nivea, CO. A. Mey. . 20 
rosea, C. A. M 10 
ee Fisch et 

Pe AE 
icoides, Mu. Arg. 81 


eesiana, Mu. 81 
Hydrilla . . ; 
alifolia, Rich. . . 260 
verticillata, C. 259 
HYDROOHARIDEE . 
Hydrochar * 56 
orsusrans, Linn. 256 
Hylococcus 
riceus, R. Br. . 92 
Hynd . a «a 4 9 
bella, Br. 
hygrometrica, Labill. 449 
rae Bent, E 
nata, Br. 
snide, Benth « in 
prate 
pusil 


la, Hi kf 450 
vaginata, P Schlecht. 450 
areas F. Muell 187. 
chem NU x I 

T obinia Mu. 409 


Jatropha 
moluccana, Linn. . 129 


Kelieria, Radi: . | | 


470 
Kirganelia, A. Juss. . 
Laporte. . . 


6-5 19 
T v4 


gigas, Wedd.. 

moroides, Wedd. . 192 
photiniphylla, Wedd. 192 
Vitiensis, Seem.. . 192 


Lebediera 
Cunninghamii, Mu. 
ABE v3 1 He 
edgeria 


L 
L 
L 


aphylla, F. Muell. , 307 
foliata, us Muell. . 308 
eichhar 
de eph. . 236 
pes sor pee 300 
ozaania, 
Perowskiana, Reg. . 958 


Leptoc 

fimbri Lind. . 379 
sicura Lindl. 379 
Menzies, Lind). . 379 
oblonga, Lindl. . 79 
pectinata, Lindl, . 379 
ctinata, Endl. 374 
sulphurea, Lindl. . 386 
eri € 4 219 
cerba, 225 
acerba, Sieb . 229 
acida, Br. . 224 
aphylla, Br. 222 
aphylla, A. DC 221 
aphylla, Sieb. . . 219 
axillaris, Br. . 224 
Billardieri, Br. . . 222 
Billardieri, Sieb. 219 
Brownii, Miq 228 

chrysad g 


rysadena, Mig. . 
Cunninghamii, Mig. 
Feet spem Miq. 

coides, 


: glomerata; F Arad. n 
hirtella, 
laxa, ein ; pow 
Lehmanni, Miq. 22 
obovata, Mig. . 224 
odorata, Mig. . . 228 
pauciflora, Br. . 22 
Preissiana, 4. DO. . 221 
pungens, F. Muell, . 223 
scrobiculata, Br. . 221 
aera A. p^ . 220 
rrulosa 223 
veri dich. 84 
Lep 

melanthesoides, F. 
Mie. |. . . 115 
th. 37 


Page | 
93 | Libertia 


Page 


21412 
graminea, " Endl. 411 
Laurencii, Hook. £ 414 
laxa, Endl. CXTH 
micrantha Can . 414 
panienlata, pw eng. ac 
ec Spreng. . 
stri ^ Al 
Lipari 72 
oaslogynoidee, “F. M. 273 
Pk rar ris, F. Mu. 273 
habenarina, F. voee 218 
yari bea 272 
gran dijelim: Mul 
Teu 89 
373 
|: umb F. * Muell. ^ 
asera Br. 
ricans, Br. . $4 
HdLs ` 886 
suaveolens, Br, . 986 
acaranga r ew 
asterolasia 
Dalla, T aut m 
in F. Muell. 
oen Baill. . Me 
pr Wir, Mu. 
143, 146 
us, Mu. Arg. 146 
APELA Benth. . 145 
Macdon 
antennifera euh 322 
concolor, Lin . 922 
aned, Ti * 323 
Smithiana, Gunn. . 322 
spiralis, Lindl. . 923 
variegata, Lindl 323 
venosa, Lindl. 323 
aclura 
esas Mid 179 
M iper 
im. ii ; 204 
Maeropodia . . 44 
fumosa, mm, 447 
Macrostegia 
erubescens, Turez. . 15 
Macrozamia . . . . 250 
corallipes, Hook. f. . 252 
cylindrica, Hort. . 252 
enisont, F. Muell. 253 
raseri Mey. . . 252 
Macdonelli, F. Mu. 253 
Mackenzii, Hort 
Macleayi, Hort. 


Miquelii, F. Muell. 25 
Oldfieldii, Mig. . . 252 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


rutetorum, Schlect. 3 


Paulo-Gulielmi, P. M. 51 
Perowskiana Mig . 258 
Preissii, 252 
spiralis, 251 
tenuifolia, Hort 251 
Malaisia . 180 
acuminata, Planch. 181 
Cunningham, P Mens 181 
scandens, Pla . 181 
redii. Blanc . 180 
viridescens, Planch. . 181 
Malaxis 
td Reichb. . 274 
palmicola, F. Mu ell. 275 
aisle’ " Labill. . 938 
Mallotus 138 
angustifolius, Benth. 141 
chin Lou . 140 
dassylides M. Ar. 140 
Dalachyi, F. Muell. 145 
discolor, F. Muell. 143 
inamenus, F. Mu. 146 
esophil . Mu. 143 
paniculatus, M. Ar. 140 
philippinensis, M. A. 141 
polyadenus, F. Mu. 142 
yen ys, F. Mu. 140 
Hen Mu. Arg. 142 
ricinoides, Mu. Arg. 159 
Zippelii, F, Muell. 140 
tà anaria, Spreng. . 146 
Melanthesa 
cernua, Den . 113 
D akana- Ar. 113 
emorialís 
lythroides, F. Muell. 187 
quinquenervis, 187 
Mercurialis 
MUS. — . 180 
australis, . 130 
tenerifolia, E . 130 
Micrantheum . . . 97 
boroniaceum, F. Mu. 57 
ericoides, Desf. . . 51 
hexandrum, Hook. f. 57 
triandrum, Hook. . 104 
Microcachrys . . 240 
tetragona, Hook. 5. . 241 
Mure» A. Juss. 151 
. 946 
A. 5 . C 
arenaria, Lindl. . 347 
atrata, Lindl. . . 349 
nksii, Cunn. . . 847 
Benthamiana, Reichb.348 
, Reichb. 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 471 


Page Page e 
media, Br. . . . 848 | Omalan thus "s a, Br. ES 
minutiflora, F. Mu. 349|  populifolius, Grah. . 150 svt Endl. . 408 

rviflora, Dro LB stillingiafoliua, F F. M. 151 nuispatha, En dl. . 403 
porrifolia, Spreng. . 847 Mete . 225 dares gcn < « 408 
pulchella, Br. . . 849 25 umbrosa, . 404 

i pulchella, Lindl. . 347 pailétoldes A. DO. . 225 xanthins, T wen. 404 
: rara, Br. . 947 | Onourpggm . . . . 267 | Peperomia . 
aun ifolia, Reichb, . 947 | Orthoceras'. . . . 882 Baueriana, Cas. DC. 206 
viridis, F. Muell. . 347 Solandri, Lindl.  . 332 leptostachya, Hook. 
Boxooor umes Fees 359 trictum, B (x Con et Arn. . «(71 206 
: 3 | Orthrosanthus . . . 410 reflexa, Dietr. . . 206 
rsen eata, , Nee gramineus, Benth. . 411 | Petalostigma . . . 
cuneifolia, Klotesch laxus, Benth, |. . 411 australianum, Baill. 
oi ^ Muelleri, Benth. 411 quadriloculare, F. M. 92 
gracilis, Baill multiflorus, Sweet riloculare, 9 
grandiflora, Endl. . lystachyus, Benth. 411 | Petermannia. . . . 462 
linifolia, Brongn. . Ottelin hen ees 5. A56 beige F. Muell. . 462 
lurid: ) | alismoides, Pers. . 257 ; 
macrophylla, Benth ovalifolia, Rich 267 au T F. Muell ; 305 
megacarpa, ) , Benth. + 25 Bernaysii, Row! 
Neesiana, Baill Carroni, F Muell . 305 
occidentalis, 79| P. grandifolius, Zour. . 30 
Oldieldii, Baill. . € amboinense, Linn. . 456 | — leucophaus, F. Maell. 305 
ntheroides, F. M. $ australasicum, Ker. 456 | Phaleria . . . . . 8 
eos Enak 5$ 70 relaria o. PSS Blumei, Bent 38 
. 40 debilis, Forst. . . 188 elerodendron, F. Mu. 38 
ra, Vah 4 oppositifolia, F. Mu. 187 laurifolia, Dene . 38 
edis F. Mu. 409 squalida, Hook. f. . 188 ht ay F. Muell. 38 
asserin 45 


7 Pa 
l i noniana, Endl. l| involucrata, Thunb. 18 Heri, Arch, . 245 
4 


18 $ 
calcar-galli, Cunn. . 179 | Patersonia . . . . 400 emen C i 
pendulina, Bauer . 181 babianoides, Benth. . 408 . 424 
E. DUI SSQMI bicolor, F. Muell. . 403 flifoia,. F Muell. . 425 
Banksii, F. Muell. . 261 compar, Endl. . . 403| levis, 25 


Diesingii, Endl.. . 403 pilosizsima, F. Muell. 425 


Drummondii, F. Mu. 407 | Pholid i 
poeni aad ;Dietr, 418 flaccida, Endl. . . 403 “acre Lindl. . 290 
pulchellum, - Dite. Bn labrata, Br.. 7 hreati i o d 9 
Neva 6 glabrata, Edw. . ) limenophylax, Reich. 290 
Banksii, Pon th. lauca, Br ‘ )2 | Phyllanthus. . . 3 
graminea, Benth. Adami, Muell. Arg. 97 


(4117 
buxifolia, Mu. Årg. 116 inæqualis, Benth. 


Neot . 408 albiflorus, F. Muell. 100 
_g14{  Junees Lindl $ rpm T A us 
2 na . 40 rmstrongii, Bent 

pos Blume . : do imbata, Endl. . . 404| aus ook. f. . 108 
- Nepe PAM B c baecatus, F. Muell a 
: ongiscapa, Sweet  . "anm s s 
y Eemelyi F. po T macrant Ue Bes Beckleri, Muell. Arg. 111 
stylidioi des, F. Muell. 396 Maxwelli, F. Muell. ) bossimoides, Cunn. . 98 
E yeso media, B. Ey 7 achypodus, F. Mu. 103 

; montana, Endl. . . j calycinus, Labill. . 1 
’ pone: pee 1 nana, Endl. : rpentaria, M. Arg. 107 
a, F. Mu. 290 occidentalis, Br. . conterininus, M. A 11 

iii pue. . 274 | pannosa, Endl. it 


icola, F. Muell. 274 pygmæa, Lindi. . 
Roei, Endl. s 


"9 


Bac ous, Hil  . 238 rudis, Endl. . 
br bai F. Mu, 235| sapphirina; Lindl. 


en #8 
ee ee uut 
He oo 


$e 
m. » 
pi 
e 
e» 


rd 


> 


472 


elachophyllus, F. M. TOL 
i ibe rdinandi, Mu. Arg. 9 
aulis, Benth. — . 111 


Nove- 
ochrophy lus, Benth. 99 
s, A. DC. 105 


r, Ki. 9 

si Muel. Arg. IN 

ill 

PRU UR ae "Arg. 98 
atus, 


suberenul, F. M. 104 
ides, th. .. 98 
thymoides, Sieb. 109 
gyne, th. . 103 
trachyspermus, F. M. 108 
triandrus, Mu 104 
à ube "w8, 101 
Uri 102 


Phylloclad 45 
asplenifolius “Hk. f. 246 
eri, Mirb. 


. 246 
chombelialil Rich. 246 
Pimelea 


argentea, 
axillora, F. a uell. , 26 


Behrii, ag o T 
owmann 
brachyphylla, "Benth. 
brevifolia, Br. > 
ire Meissn. . 
A. Cunn. 
cert r per 
clavata, L 
cluy otis Msi 
Br. 


congesta, unn. 


tnucopite, Vahl. 


c ? 

decu, , Br. 
dichotoma, Schlecht. 
dios aa, 


elata, F. Mu K 
gams, Moore 

Eyrei, F. Muell. . 

ferruginea, Labil 


ill. 
filamentosa, Rudge . 
filiformis, Hook. f. . 
fav BH oa s 
enge. Meissn. . 
glauca, 

iraciliora, Hook. 
gra 

grandira, Don 


Hoy FP. Muell. 
humilis, Br. . . 

humilis, Lindl. . . 
hypericina, A. qus 
Lacan È Br. . 


apte en Lindi. : 


involucrata, Banks 
lanata, Br. . x 
lanata, Hensl. 4 


Page 
3 


e 
© 


bo bt 
X 


COS M E 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


Pa z 


Lehmanniana, M eiss 
leptospermoides, FM. 27 
leptostachya, Benth. m 
SEMEN. Labill. 


Lindleyana, "ed 17, i 
linifolia. Sm. if 
linoides, Cunn 18 
longiflora, 34 
longifolia, Banks 7 

cephala, Hook. 15 
marginata, Meissn.. 16 


Maxwelli, F. Mue 12 
Menkeana, Lehm. 5 
icrantha, F. Muell. 32 
microcephala, Br. 27 
rocephala, Meiss. 21 
Milligani, Meissn. 
Mitchelli, Meissn 17 
esta, Meissn. . 12 
Muelleri, oe E 
myriantha, 2 
myrtifolia, Schlecht ] 
d, Grah. . x 
d nd ] 
ceca Hort. i 
nivea, Labil void 
mutans, Meissn BEEN 
ylla, Br. : : 


ovalifolia, Meissn. . 


parvi ifolia, Meissn. . ; 
D ei 


pet 
tell i^ Fuh 
phylicoid 


We Q2 — t5 00 b2 b2 1 Co Q1 O9 m Sor 


pem f. Mull. 28 
rigida, M ds 
rosea, Peng A Pow 
uin 7 

6 


7. vel. 
Schlechtendahliana, 
Meissn. . $ 


j 1 

PIRE 19 

chya, F. Mu. 24 

serpyllifolia, Br. 29 
tleworthiana, 

eissn.. . . 95 

simplex, F. Mue 23 

spathulata: Lani.» 27 


spectabilis, Lindl. . 9 
xui  . 4 
spiculigera, 


E 
j 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


stricta, M eissn 


ei Ssn. 


vi a, Lin 
viminea, Schlecht. . 
iper . 


m, Cunn. 
Novæ- > ola 


subpeltatu am, "Willd. 
esed F. Muel. 
EX $ 


pallida, Wight . 
odocarpus . . . 


Dulhan F. Mu. 
holochila, F. 


australasicum, Cas. 


exaure ; 
limenophylax, Endl. 
odanthera 


alpina, Br. . E 
asplenifolia, Labill. 
iana, F. Mu. 2 


paramattense, Cas. ` 


55 


Page 
ericifolia, he 55456 
ericoides, KU. 35 
glauca, Kl 55 
Huegelii, K? 55 
linarioides, Sieb 56 
microphylla, Brong. 56 
piceoides, Kl. . 5 
tomorphe 
subpeltata, Miq . 204 
greens . 186 
rnhemica, EF. "Muell. 186 
dios. Gaudich. . 186 
lythroides, F. Muell. 187 
quinquenervis, Benn. 187 
Prasophyll š 3 
afine, Lindl... 340 
alpinum, Br. . 340 
rcherii, -€—À 345 
"adi ^ r 
austr: 
Waehrradbyun Ind. s 
bre, Hoo 338 
wnat Reichb. - 38 
cucullatum, 343 
eyphochilum, Benth. 340 
Depe, ook. f. 345 
Drummondii, "Reich. 338 
elatum, Br. . . 98 
Fimbria, Reichb. . 341 
fimbriatum, Br 8345 
avum, Br eee 
fuseum, Br . 839 
gibbosum, . 94 
giganteum, Lindl. . 338 
giganteum, Endl.. . 342 
gracile, Lindl 341 
hians, Reich 338 
intricatum, C. Stuart 346 
lutescens, Lindl. 337 
macrostachyum, Br. 341 
acrotis, Lindl. . . 348 
igricans, Br. . . 843 
migricans, Endl. 341 
nudiscapum, Hook. f. 345 
nudum, Hook. f. 344 
ovale, Lindl. . 841 
ee Lindl. 349 
s, Br. 339 
amm end Lindl. . 340 
fum, Br. . 944 
striatum, Br. . « B42 
neatum, Lindl. . 339 
Woollsii, F. Muell. . 346 
Pseudanthus 


chryseus, Muell il, årg. 62 


divarieatiss 
en du 60 
micranthus, Benth. 59 


478 


nematophorus, T die. ri 
nitidus, Muel. Arg.. 61 


me 
yandrus, F. Muel, -62 
matan M 60 
Pseudomoru « P381 
Brunoniana, Bur. 181 
Pterostylis cs 52 
acuminata, Br. . . 355 
acuminata, Sieb 355 
a, Reichb . 9859 
aphylla, Lindl. . . 361 
barbata, Endl, . . 357 
"n ^ idi 
cone Fc. 800 
evolat -. ASST. 
55 


eurta, Bi i Md 
"sir fei F. Muel. 360 
i oy MUR 


` dubia, Br 58 
dubia, Ho 358 
furcata, Lindl. . 958 
gibbosa, Br. 363 
grandiflora, Br. . . 358 
engifelis Br vos 904 

itchelli, Lindl. |. 364 
mutica, Br. . 962 
ana, Br. .' . . 357 
nutans, Br. . . . 956 
obtusa, Br. . 360 
ophioglossa, Br 354 
parviflora, "o 361 
pedunculata, . 356 
præcocissima, F. Mu. 365 
præcox, Li . 859 
prrstcdalis Lindl. 357 
pyramidalis, Endl. . 359 
recurva, e e 
reflexa, Br 359 
revoluta, Br. . . . 959 
fa, Br. 363 
scabra, Lindl . 959 
scabrida, Lindl. 858 
squamat 61 
squamata, Lindl.” . 362 
tu 362 
vittata, Lindl. . . 864 

Ramphidia n : 2912 
tenuis, Lindl. é < 912 

Reidia, Wight . . 93 

Renealmia | 

— Br. 413 
pulchella, B Ei Cv i 
Ricinocarpus 


Bowmanni, F. Muell. e 


474 


anescens, Muell. ii. 20 


aucus, Endl. 1 
ledifolius, F. Muell. 72 
jor, Muell. Avg. . 72 


rinili Des. 


psilocladus, Ben 71 
rosmuarinioling T uk. 12 
ber 2 


hey aepo M uell. 
Ar 
tuberculatus, Muell. 


undulatus, Lehm. . 71 
. 146 
pera 

buxifolia, F. Muell. 117 


eria 
pinifolia, Spreng. , 70 
Rottlera 
discolor, F. Muell. . 143 
tinctoria, Roxb. . . 141 


gona . 298 
calca ag F. Mu, 296 
Hii, ^H. Muell. 298 

Macphersonii, F Mu, d 


SANTALACE " 

Santalum  . "T 
acuminatum, A.DC, 2 
angustifolium, A.DC. 216 
cognatum, Miq.. . 2 

folium, A.DC, 217 
c m, Mig.. . 217 
diversifolium, A. DC. 216 
lanceolatum, Br. 214 
gatum, 214 
obtusifolium, Br 215 
ovatum, Br.. 21 
ica jE 216 
issianum, Miq. . 21 
spicatum, A.DC. . 217 
venosum, Br. . . 21 
Sarcochilus . . 1 
australis, Reichb, . 29 

aileyi, E. M 291 
Barklyanus, F. Mu. 29 
ca Tara Y Muell, 296 
Ceciliæ, F. M . 294 
vete dn F. s 294 
divitiflorus, F. Muell. 292 


SESH 


Rodari 


Sisp dex coe 
ber 


yt. 
falca 
Figo Mul. M 
Gun 


. 294 
llii ire 1:59. 290 
olivaceus, Lindl, 93 
viflorus, Lindl. . 29 
pictus, E : 
phyllorhizus, F. Mu. 
tridentatus, he ch. f. 200 
Schweegric 
vida, i. 44 
fa, Spreng. 43 
SerrAMINEA . y 
Dastianis 


. 412 

paniculatum, Br. . 413 

pulchellum, Br. . : 414 
igma 


Solenosti 


brevinerve, Blume . 156 
obi Endl. = 


Spathoglott: 


Y oie F. Muell.. 

“lint, pu e 5.908 
. 313 

ats Lindl, . 914 


onia 
amboinensis, Planch. 159 
vor M58 


a . Planch. 

ilicifolia, 8. Ku 0 

orientalis, Planch. . 159 

velutina, Planc 159 
rgata, Planch. . 158 

viridis, Planch 158 


Stachystemon . . . 
brachyphyllus, Muell. 


po olyandrus, Benth. 62 


vermicularis, Pla meh. 62 
Stratiotes 

alismoides, Linn. . 257 
Streblus 

Brunoniana, 


.Mu. 181 
Pc. F. Muell. 181 


Sturm 
ice, F.Mu. 273 


cuneilabris, F. Muell. 273 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 


Page 
habenaria, F. ae 274 
. Mue D 


maculata, Seem. . 459 


ACCAC 
Nast ot rtu i 
Muelleri, Lindl. . . 291 
Tapeinocheilos . 67 
ung es ec oe 


aotrophis 

rectinervis, F. Muell. 160 
cus 

spinulosa, Sm. . . 247 


alamia 
asplenifolia, Spreng. 246 
ecanthes 


. 316 

angustifolia Pr. 320 
angustifolia, Hook.f, 319 
antennifera, Hook, f. 322 
arenaria, Lindl.. . 320 
aristata, Lindl. . . [em 


Benthamiana, Reich. 
campanulata, Endl. 319 
campanulata, tty 


ee M 

carne: e 
cornicina, "Reichb. . 918 
is Li a . 919 
cyanea, Li» 23 
ipud, "y Mu. 318 
a, Enr i.i teens 
320 
1 


For We Mr 
oie Br. 20.498 
graminea, Lindl. 

i e 


randi 
tridioides, Sieb 3 8 
ixioides, Sw. . 7 
juncifolia, Lindl, . 318 
lilacina, F. Muell. . 318 
longifolia, Forst. 

ere oer F. Mu. 323 


32 

crophylla, can 319 

caes, Br... 8 

nuda, Br. .«-» . 820 

ovata, F. Muell. . 31 

pardalina, F. Muell. 320 
pauciflora, 


di. 318 
IB 
921 


INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. 475 


Page Page 
porphyrosticta, F. M. viridis, Bl... . . 158|  vitellinum, Miq.. . 169 
Smit ühiana, Hook. f, n Tribonanthes . . . 426 | Urtica . 190 
stellata, australis, Endl 427 argentea, Fe Forst. . 185 
tigrina, Br 3 brachypetala, . 426 dio . 190, 19 
variegata, Lindl 323 ndleyana, Endl. . 428 pe. ‘alias. 192 
v j 2 longipetala, Zé 7 incisa, Poir. 
ve ook. f. . 323 ora, Endl. . . . 426 involucrata, b. . 146 
versicolor, Lindl. 320 uniflora, Lindl. . 427 ppl ds n tem t. 190 
villosa, Lindl. . . 320 variabilis, Lindl. . 427 8, Cun 92 

Hum. . s c MM violacea, Endl . . 427 Pisin Duos. 192 
australe, Br.. . . 212 usilla, 189 
chinense, Turez.. . 213 | Udora pois i P. Muell 189 
decurrens, Bl. . . 213| australis, F. Muell. 260 urens, Linn. . ee, 
drupacewm, Labill. . 222 | Urera UnTIGEA x sue LH 
hricspermum excelsa, Wedd. . . 192 
australe, Reichb. . 294 rotundifolia, Wedd. 192 praean SUE S DS 
Cecilie, Reichb. . . 295 | Urostigma na, Br. . . 959 
dilatatum, Reichb. . 294 Sewabtutn, Miq. 167 poo n Roxb. | 258 
falcatum, Reichb. . 293 | — brachypodum, Mia, zu ave MN Linn. 2 4 269 
Hillii, Reichb. . . 295 Cunninghamii, Miq. 165 | Vanda rr 
oliva , Rei 9 eugen 1d. . 107 Hindsii, , Lindl. E 
phyllorhizum,Reichb. 295 Fraseri, ia. At IB suavis, T. Muell. . 297 
Parviflorum, Reichb. 294| — Huegelii,Miq. . . 170 tricolor, Lindl. . . 297 
pictum, Reichb. . . 294 lachnocaulon, Miq.. 169 

^ Leichhardtii, Miq. . 170 ilesi 

3 mdo Poir. . . 238 |  leucotrichum, Miq. . us s rem p e 

* al pee ne macrophylium, Miq. 170 

i epit Muelleri, Miq. . . 167 tlie fola M Ax pa 
Biülardieri,Kl. . . 185 nesophilum, Miq. . 165 wtida, A. Gray. . 37 
a ber 134 | nitidum, Mig. . . 166| ‘indica, C. A. Mey. 
Hookerii, F. Muell. 135 |  ovoideum, Mig. . . 100 |  Shuttleworthiana, 
Klotzsch, F Muell. 135 vw er vol ea Him. 1 5 UI 

pisiferum, Miq.. . ; iridiflora, Meissn. . 

Nove Hollandia Mu. rl ete P T . 169 Wer Mc T 

‘ 138 | psychotricefo iens RE 
chamelea, Linn. . ` 162 Mia je]. Came a = 
rema . 167 ibirefun, Miq. . 169 
amboinensis, BL. . 159 remi Mi . .4190 Xylophylia : 
aspera, Bl. . 158| rubiginosum, Gasp. 168 | obovata, Willd. . . 115 
orientalis, Bl. . . 158| squamellosum, Miq.. 170 

virgata, Bl. . . . 158|  stipulosum, Miq. . 163 | Zamia 

Velutina, Bl. . . 159 subglaucinum, ‘Mig. 163 spiralis, Br. . 251, 252 


END OF VOL. VI, 


Lowpow, July 1st, 1873. 


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