~~ d QN | B4327 Pur AP'G l£249.|900 ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. XO xr A X BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 1899. - 700 e "HE 5 Ms Er! d gots Sass ag Aud LONDO PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY ^ ‘STATIONERY OFFICE, Br DARLING & SON, Lro., 34-40, Baco; E. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from EYRE & en East Harpine STREET, Tue STREET, EC. " OLIVER YD, EDINBURGH or E. PONSONBY, 116, Grarron Patron DUBLIN. 1901. TE Price Three Shillings. CONTENTS. Date. Article, Subject, Page. 1899. Jan, and Feb. DOXXXV. Cacao Disease in Trinidad (with plate) 1 ka DCXXXVI. Coccid Pests on Sugar-can 6 6 XXXVII. Moss Flora of the Royal Gardens, Kew 7 j DOXXXVIII, | Miscellaneous Notes 17 Mar.andApr| DOXXXIX, Plant Diseases. Tree else melleus) with ee 25 " DCXL. Artificial Production of India-rubber... | 27 PR DOXLI, Rubber Industry .. E 29 » DOXLII, agascar India-rubber 35 5 DCXLIII, Skirret em Sisarum) ... 39 » DCXLIV. Cacao in Ecuador 42 ” DCXLV, Improvement of Sugar-cane by Chemi- ection 45 " DCXLVI. A Budget dar Yunnan Continued) . 46 » DCXLVII. Miscellaneous Notes 50 MayandJune| DOXLVIII | Camphor ( stet. Camphora) . 51 » DCXLIX, Peruvian Rub 68 n DCL. Eucalyptus Timber from West Australia 72 ” DCLI. Miscellaneous Notes 75 Julyand Aug. DCLII Tea, and Coffee Diseases s (with plate)... | 89 n DCLIII, Flora of British New Guinea . 2». 95 » New Orchids—Decades 23 and 24 126 ” DCLYV. Miscellaneous Notes .. 133 Sept. and Oct, DCLVI, Revision of the Genus Tilletia sient a plate) ave oe 141 - Central American Rubber Sos a PI i ” DCLVIII Fungi Exotici, IL d v ]108 ” CLIX Mangabeira Rubber _... eis « | 185 » aneous Notes ... = 1191 Nov. and Dec DCLXI Jarrah and Karri... re es ta ” DCLXII Maromba Vine Disease in Portugal. 213 » DCLXIII sinn Pap ing Blocks. i 216 ” DCLXIV. . Lungan Pul 219 ” re ee Notes, 220 Appendix I. - - List of seeds of hardy herbaceous | plants and of trees and shrubs 1 „ H- — New garden plants of the year 1898 ... | 37 n II. — Botanical ME Up d at home = ; abroad ... 55 s IV — Catalogue of the Library. proven received during 1898 . TC M. FAN I r N SE rea 1 a CX Not A Nee scs e ir enara t an aer eae Med & Exel «Ris ~~ ‘ wN E E TORE $ ak, ey oerte nt or iq race * Cacao disease. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BDULLITIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. Nos. 145-146.] JANUARY and FEBRUARY. (1899. DCXXXV.—CACAO DISEASE IN TRINIDAD. (With Plate.) The cultivation of cacao is an important industry in many British colonies. This is especially the case in Trinidad, where the crop has recently suffered (as is sooner or later the fate of all cultural industries) from disease The facts are detailed in the ‘following correspondence. The preliminary steps in their investigation reflect great credit on the Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Gardens. m complete discussion required the technical assistance of Kev * GOVERNOR OF TRINIDAD TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Government House, Trinidad, SIR, December 20, 1898. THE ibi degen o E the Trinidad. Botanie Gardens will forward to your department by the present mail specimens of cacao pods attacked by a fungus which is reported to be doing serious damage to the cacao in certain districts of this — and which, unless checked, may, it is feared, prove disastrous to that industry. It is hardly necessary for me to assure you that this Government will be very thankful for such early assistance and advice in the matter as it may be in Mp o to afford etc., ER oe E.H. JERNINGHAM,. K Governor. * Sir W. T ‚ Thiselton-Dye u 2 Royal Gardens, Kew. — 3242—1375—7)99 Wt92 D&S en SUPERINTENDENT, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, TRINIDAD, TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Botanical gio e Trinida SIR December 17, "808, FORWARD you by this mail a set of specimens of a disease affecting growing cacao pods, which is said in some distriets to cause a loss of as much as 50 per cent. of the crop. The question has been up some cmm and I have had several sets of specimens for examination. Up to December 8, however, I had never been able to reproduce the Ta in healthy pods by inoculation n receipt of diseased pods from Mr. T. H. Warner, Warden of Tacarigua, a Government officer of high standing, I commenced a microscopic examination and found a fungus s permetti the decay, and in two instances the lower part of the pod. Placed in a damp chamber, the whole pod rapidly became covered with the fungus, and in an ordinary atmosphere the same took place less rapidly. 4. With a view of ae en whether = fungus was parasitic or ogee eet I made roscopic examination and procured spores, which I placed in a et slit in the skin of healthy pods. spores on all sides of the pods. One hundred per cent. of arti- i wem pods rotted a 5. I send some portions preserved in formalin solution, an parts dried and some fresh-packed in dry charcoal. If m specimens are required = shall be glad to take instructions as pH preparation for the journ 6. It appears to me that it would be well to suggest uM applica- tion of * Bordeaux Mixture," and the picking and burning of all infected pods, dressings to take place after the collection of the rotten pods. 7. The disease appears to me to be essentially an outside disease, and obtains entrance through wounds or punctures from any cause. It may be possible that insect-punctures would enable the spores _ to gain access to the pods. It is certain that a cut or incision will. Yours faithfully, The Direc (Signed) J, H. HART. Ba Gardens; Kew. ee ROYAL BOTANIC EBEN. TRINIDAD, O ROYAL GARDENS, KEW Botanical Department, eg SIR, = ry 5, 1899. H regard to cacao pod deme collected since last in m as us submit pi) sited the infected estate, and found the disease rampant 2 pan l shells hal bee and damp places, especially where heaps of broken lls been ee to rot upon the pun On the ridges 3 and in dry places little disease appears, except where pods ha m EDS under the trees and the shells have been allowed k 1e 3. After the pods are un by the "fungus—which has lance-shaped spores—it is n taken possession of by numerous saprophytic uns which ee eradicate all trace of the original destroye 4. If the füripts is new, I suggest. = should be named after Mr. Bain, who first called attention 5. Mr. Bain reports that, by alati out all diseased pods and destroying at once all shells of the opened. he has checked the disease on his estate. E I have again reproduced the disease in numerous healthy : 7. Bo far as can be judged by Mr. pene 8 esa eni cacao in Ceylon has the pods affected by ar The deseription of the trees and the a s gite cin that miis in eylon has a much lower vitality han in Tfinidad, and con- re is more liable to dis 8 e pod-disease is naeh: no new thing. Planters say it has been noted for years, but not so bad as this year. Yours faithfully, The Director (Signed) J. H. HART. Royal Gardens, Kew. The living material forwarded by Mr. Hart reached Kew in excellent condition for examination, exhibiting every p ES isease, and growing vigorously when placed egy rie conditions. Ample spirit material — also sent. oscopic examination revealed the presence of two fung parasites; one being the well seers Phytophthora omnivora, De Bary, a species closely allied to Phytophthora in- Jestans, De Bary, the cause of the potato disease ; the other a Nectria, which proves to be new to science, and will ‘be known as Nectria Bainii, the name suggested by Mr. Hart, in compliment to Mr. Bain, who first called attention to the disease. The Phytophthora Sie -— on all the pods sent, and may be considered as the cause of the present Tor in Trinidad. The same or a closely allied species seven o be the cause of the cacao- rab in Ceylon. The Nectria appeared on two pods, this again poss many points in common PR the Fama itch has caused euch destruction to cacao trees in Ceylon by attacking the bark of the trunk and branches, as | esse by Mr. J. B. Carruthers. At present no mention is made of other than the pod-disease in Trini- dad, but the fact of a ae Nectria being present necessitates the prompt execution of m caleulated to prevent the parasite from extending its Sic 3242 AT + 4 PHYTOPHTHORA OMNIVORA, De Bary. This fungus, as indicated by its specific name, is not fastidious in its choice of a victim, and has been recorded as attacking various species of plants belonging to the following genera : Acer, Alonsod, Abies, Cleome, Clarkia, Cereus, Epilobium, Fagopyrum, Fagus, ilia, Larix, Lepidium, Melocactus, (Enothera, Picea, Pinus, Solanum, Sempervivum, Salpiglossis. If the fungus is confined to the fruit of the cacao tree it is obvious that infection each season must necessarily be derived from som 1 probability often produced on diseased fruit or “shells” lying on g on some other kind of host-plant. This may appear to be poor consolation. However it is well to be in possession of all known facts and possibilities in connection with the subject under con- sideration. The life-history cf the fungus is well known, having been carefully studied by De Bary, Hartig, and others. The conidial form of fruit appears as a very delicate white . Will continuo to spread. But the . Other wild plants, and thus become fi 5 € The following measures should be taken to combat the disease :— i. Spray with Bordeaux mixture, commencing sy the pods are quite young, and continue at intervals of ten da dilute solution should first be used until its effect on the fruit and foliage is ascertained. A small quantity of dried blood should be dissolved and added to the mixture; its adhesive property is re increased, and fewer sprayings are required. Remove all diseased fruit from the tree if ee diss a continuous supply of conidia will be furnished until the fruit decays. Do not allow diseased fruit or “shells” to tae on the ground. All such should be collected and burned. iii. Endeavour to sini by careful examination, whether the fungus may not be also parasitic on other hosts; it very frequently attacks seedlings, and would be recognised by the wilting of the attacked parts, and by the delicate white mould-like conidial form of reproduction. NECTRIA BAINII, Massee. This parasite causes semicircular $i blotches to appear on the pods, the diseased portion becoming soft and watery. Ata later Stage the blotches become covered with a loosely interwoven layer of yellowish-rust coloured or orange mycelium which is studded over with the minute bright red perithecia or fruiting organs of the fun The perithecia are often preceded by a small snow-white Fusarium-like mould, which, from analogy with other species, may be a conidial condition of the eh, ia. But the connection has not however been proved by culture This parasite may possibly be quite mee but great care should be taken to arrest any attempt on the part of the fungus to attack the trunk of the pe tree, for as already stated the destructive canker disease of the cacao in Ceylon is caused by a Nectria. Nectria Bainii, Massee. Perithecia gregaria, mycelio maculi- formi MU Lp a vel aurantiaco insidentia, sphaeroidea, rubra, lanosa, demum supra calvescentia, 300-350 a ee Tod cylindracco-clavati, breviter pedicellati, octospori, 80-90 x 7-9 u. Spore distiche, oo eee utrinque subacute, gebe 10-12 x 5 u, hyalin GEO . MASSEE. : Fig. 1. Phytophthora omnivora ; Section of a portion of a cacao fruit, showing the conidial form of reproduction of the fungus on the surface, x 300. 2. A conidium of the same germinating, x 300. 3. Oospores of the same produced in the diseased tissue of a cacao fruit, x 4. Pustule of Nectria bursting through the skin of a cacao - fruit, and producing the conidial form of So Neale ia x 40. 5. Portion of the conidial n of HUE 6. Free conidia of game, x 6 -T. Nectria- hts Surface view of sporophores seated on a byssoid stroma, x 50. 8. Three perithecia in different stages of development, showing the byssoid hata of the exterior. Sci, x - 10. Germinating spores of same, x 400. ll. Asci of a saprophy tic species of Nectria appearing after the - fruit is dead, x 400. 2. Spore of same showing the granular protoplasm ; the epispore is smooth, x 1000. .DOXXXVI--COCCID PESTS ON SUGAR CANE. In the Kew Report ae 1877, p. 39, reference is made to Coccids or scale insects, that had ravag ged the cane fields of Bourbon and Mauritius, known locally as “le pou a poche blanc he.” Mr. Robert McLachlan, F.R.S., pointed out that this was a collective name, and probably cadet several species. The most prominent at the time was believed to be Icer ya sacchari, Guérin- Méneville. omewhat similar insects pss made their appearance on sugar cane in Queensland. One of these was afterwards identified as Icerya Purchasi, Maskell, fully described (with a coloured plate) in Kew Bulletin A puse pp. 191-216). In 1887, correspondence relating to the attacks of Coccids i forest on in the island of Rodrigues Pie referred to Kew specimens by the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Mr. McLachlan had little doubt that these ned were identical with those that * had long been known to ei Koss damage in the neighbouring islands of Bourbon and Mau . The following further information has been diede respecting the Mauritius insects :— Mr. T. D. A. COCKERELL TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Agricultural Experiment Station, Mesilla Park, New mmm .. DEAR SIR, y 15, 1898. uü HE note on the moth-borers of the ees iti» in Kew — Bulletin, 1898, p. 102, suggests that you may like to have the latest information on the Coccid pest of sugar-canes in Mauritius, if this information has not ‘ically reached you from elsewhere. In 1864, M. E. Icery, in a memoir presented to the Chamber of — . Agriculture i in Mauritius, gave an account of a Coccid which had done much injury to Sugar-cane in that island. He called it “le nche. : wader the seis “pou à bouts blanche ” union, been confused three . Coceids, which he called -Coccus sacchari, Gasteralphes Lose, : ‘The first species was described and named by Guérin-Méneville 7 ch and Lecanium Guerinii, and also an aleurodid, Alewrodes Berg a himself ; the other three were — by Signoret:- —-- 7 .. Gasteralphes Iceryi is now known as Pulvinaria gasteralpha -(Ieery) ; and Coccus m. i s Icerya seychellarum el): Of these two, the former till imperfectly known ; but the latter is well known, and p been found in Madeira, Sey- chelles, aede Mauritius, Hong Kong, on "iA and Formosa. It occurs in China on rose and Podocarpus Without citing dis rather copious bibliography, it will suffice to say that since the early seventies it has been held that the real culprit in Mauritius was the Icerya sacchari. The late Mr. W. M. Maskell, in Trans. New Zealand Institute for 1896, p. 320, records that he received some of the sugar-cane coccid from Mauritius, through Mr. Lounsbury of Cape Town ; and it was not an Jcerya, but to his surprise it turned out to be ES sacchari, Ckll., which I had described from Trinidad B. W. I.) in 1895. It was understood that it occurred with Saeed ne A ae n" and the two species are ,confoun ded by the residents under the name of ‘pou blanc'"; Mr. Maskell still supposed that the latter was the principal offender. But in a letter dated ae 29, 1897, Mr. Maskell wrote me: :— “Note in my paper of 1896 your Dactylop ius sacchari from Mauritius. In a letter m received from that island, I am told that Icerya sacchari never does any harm whatsoever to sugar- cane, and that it is, in fact, never seen on that plant, even ee; en we have all been wrong about it for the ast five and twenty yea There can be little teats that the Dactylopius sacchari is of eastern origin, though it happened to be first described from Trinidad. Yours very truly, (Signed) THEO. D. A. COCKERELL. DCXXXVIL—MOSS FLORA OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. In the Kew Bulletin er a (p. 115) it was pmi out that of the half a square mile pied by the Royal Gardens and some adjacent pieces of. Boys So above a third or “ Mni hundred acres is little disturbed = any kind of cultivation, and it has certainly remained so for at least a century and a half. Some portions may never poss sH "uve been subjected to cultivation at all. Itis not surprising, therefore, that in the background of horti- cultural treatment there still subsists enn wild fauna and flora of no inconsiderable dimensions. These, as opportunity — it is biet to work out and catalogue from time to time. ring plants were ur by Mr. N a. in the er nal E Donen for 1875 ; the fungi by M Mr. Massee in the Kew Bulletin (l.c., pp. 115-167). pm is indebted to Mr. p 8. ) Salmon for a further instalment towards a complete genie ee of the flora in the list of mosses now published, which, Meet introductory remarks below, is from his pen. -8 the Thames has been added so as to make the area the same as c ae by Mr. George adem for his * Wild Flora of Kew Gard 'To anyone unacquainted with the wild parts of Kew Gardens it may seem incautious to consider as indigenous any of the mosses now found growing within these limits. But it is only with and to them, that a probability of introduction exists. In many places in the Gardens, ¢.g., the boundary ditch and bank running . the length of the Old Deer Park, the Queen's Cottage Grounds, parts of the Palace grounds, etc. „ the nature of the surface makes it quite safe to consider the species growing there as indigenous. The inclusion of the river-bank in the area has led to Mie ‘addition of several interesting aquatic mosses, and, without doubt, = these are quite wild. species are absent from the list, while, on the ci other hand, rare species occur ini Amblystegium Kochii, which hitherto e only been known as occurring in Britain in a single locality in Sussex, where it was : | found by Mitten, occurs at Kew in one or two places by the Thames. - together with A. varium, Fissidens crassipes , Physcomitrium pyriforme, Leskea polycarpa, Cinclidotus fontinaloides, etc. f other interesting species, Unium cuspidatum, M. stellare, — Bryum Donii, Tortula intermedia, Trichostomum tortuosum, — Encalı ypta streptocar; pa, d pona lurida, and Neckera crispa have ed onl ab Ba quei DE I a at P MU I TN been noticed only i out the Rockery ; and, for reasons = mentioned above; iut re mast remain doubtful. n the other hand, the following species (amongst others) are certainly wild :— Pol; ytrichum formosum, Plagiothecium borreri- m, Pleuridium azillare, P. subula atum, P. alternifolium, F un- aria ja fascicularis, Tortula- marginata, Fissidens pusillus, F. exilis, F. ineurvus, F. viridulus, Leptobryum pyriforme, Acaulo muticum and var. mediterraneum, Bartramia pomiformis, Ephe- merum serratum, Aulacomnium androgynum, Dicranum Bon- jeani, Thamnium alopecurum, Hurha pes piliferum, and E. a litanum. I have to thank Mr. George Massee Er a list, accompanied by specimens, of 20 Kew TE collected by him in previous years. - Five of them, which I have not been ea to refind, are included | - in the list on his tbo. em ost cases the habitats of er species have become changed through. improvements u species are very probably now los dus diu followed is that d Dixon‘ s « “Seen | Handbook of British Men" 9 I have Due specimens of the more interesting species in the Kew Herba Pi linao of the aaa used :— A. Arbor B. Botanic "Garten. P. Palace and Herkärtumt Grounds. Q. Queen’s Cottage Grounds. R. Rockery. Catharinea undulata, Web. et Moh Common, and ruiting freely in all the drier places, as in the Rockery, where it forms luxuriant patches. Polytrichum aloides, Hedw. In several places along the boundary ditch by the Old Deer Park, between the Lion Gate and Queen’s Cottage ; fruit not seen. P. piliferum, ES 2% eb. Not uncommo dry places; abundant along the boundary ditch with die last species ; sandy banks near the lake, etc. ; occasionally fruiting. P. juni perinum, Willd. . Abundant in dry places throughout the Gardens; frequently fruiting. P. formosum, Hedw Fairly common in sandy p in the open, and also under trees ; fruiting i in the Arbore A curious Polytrichum, Hanc CABE in some characters between P. formosum and P. gi acile, MUS occurs in a few places along the boundary ditch by the Old r Park. In this form the leaf-base, Ss broad, as is ms n P. en e Dixon, — Hand- book, p. 46), shows ad areolation similar to th EP. Or the ‘atta being Soin paratively wide, and only 341 dies as long a. broad. Occasionally, ae the plant ems a further approach towards gracile, as some of the leaves have a rather wide limb in the upper part of the leaf, and frequently the lamelle are.only about 40 in number. Mr. W. E. Nicholson and Mr. Dixon at first referred the plant to P. gr pee, Dicks, relying especially on the short wide basal areolat I have just heard from Mr. Dixon, a ged that Mr. Die ll, to PL specimens of the Kew plant wer submitted, thinks that it should be referred to P. formosum, iid that Mr. Dixon h himself is now inclined to agree with the view that it is nearer that Ve than P. gracile, ponh still "Pied that there is an approach to the form of areolation of the lat Only barren plants of this form, which is re native, ul d far been found. Pleuridium axillare, Lindb. (c. fr.) In the Bamboo Garden and near the Pumping Station. Occurs commonly in pots in the Glass-houses, where the leaf cells become p very lax. oni rect TRUE Ioni Ata 10 P. subulatum, cere (6, Er); N ot uncommon sandy ground ; about the lake and on the islands ; Bamboo Gattis Tulip Tree Avenue P. alternifolium, Rabenh. < fre). A. bare places near the Tale Rose Garden, on earth adhering to stum mps. Ceratodon purpureus, Brid. Abundant and common in fruit Benson the area. Dicranella heteromalla, Schim Abundant and fruiting in all the drier places. D. cerviculata, Schimp. (c. fr.). Kew Gardens (unlocalised, Massee, 1897). D. varia, Schimp. oe n mud thrown up from a ditch, near Pumping Station, in fruit eas 1897). cranum Bonjeani, De Not. Q. Abundant in one place, barren ; A. pinetum ; B. small form, growing on a bank, with a very different habit from the type, is referred to this species by Mr. Dixon with the following note :— * I think your Dicranum must be Bonjeani from the general ‘tone’ D. scoparium, Hedw. Common in dry places under trees, amongst grass, etc. ; barren. Fissidens exilis, Hedw. (c. fr.). A., on the ws island (from culvert end) in the lake; Q., in an open spae F. viridulus, Harini (6, fi. » on a loose stone; boundary ditch near the riv ® stones embedded” fü the bank near the other (Lion Gate) adi of the boundary ditch. Var. Lylei, Wils Some of the plants from the first locality given above have leaves which, by being peces except on the vaginant-lamin®, must be referred to this variety F. aped Wils. (c. fr.). » on brick steps; R., on stones, Abundant on the sand- stone eg = the Winter Garden .. F. incurvus, Starke (c. fr.) Q., side of the nn diteh. F. bryoides, H Very common ; fruiting both in wet places, such as the banks o ot hd bm. and on dry sandy banks. | 11 F. crassipes, Wils. (c. fr.). y the riverside, on wood ; often submerged at high tide; B., on mortar, wall of tank in at Ground (Massee, 1897). One of Ts uus E of the Kew mosses, and occurring in fair the first-mentioned locality. The thick seta easily distinga ie this species in the field. F. taxifolius, Hedw. Not uncommon in damp rd about the lake; river-side ; Palace Grounds ; not found in fruit Grimmia pulvinata, Sn. (c. fr.). R., on stones ; P., on the wall by the river. Acaulon muticum, C. Müll. (c. fr.) On third island (from Culvert end) in the lake, on stiff clay ; and (A. mediterraneum, Braithw.) A., sandy ground near the west end of the lake ; P., sandy bank (Nicholson ). I do not think that the plant described by Braithwaite under the name of “ Acaulon mediterraneum, Limpr.,” in the British ries Flora, i, p. 301, deserves to rank "hi gher Tent a variety of . muticum. O 7 bank near Bexhill, Sussex, I have collected an Acanlon, in which the long inner bract is completely wrapped uit, and the plants are tall, and sometimes slightly ae, —in fac ct, agreeing well with A. medii ierraneum as described in the British Moss Flora, (loc. cit.) Dr. Rue Pig pare with me in referring the plant to that species. Of the W speci- mens of Acaulon, those from the damp ground of the Tid i in the lake have connivent subequal bracts, and capsules scarcely, or not at all apiculate, Hehe from the sandy ground have unequal bracts, with the inner longer one more or less een and vem fig ac minutely apiculate. I have, however, seen so many plants, from other localities, presenting exactly di charaoters, ‘that I am strongly of opinion that “ A mediterraneum ” is not specifi- nm distinct from A. muticum, but i is to be regarded as a variety t "A mediterraneum, Limpr.,” does not agree at all well with Limpricht's original diagnosis. ee er FI. ined ng land, iv. (1885) p. 180 Brait mphasizes the c p. Dr. hw olute bract, and describes the plant as ue than A. nuit: ` Limpricht says that his species is smaller than A. muticum, with leaves OMA not (or some AA ee are capsule visible from , and does not mention the convolute inner bract, nor the aplealate caps sale; A. nen: as described by Limpricht, seems altogether nearer to A. muticum, var. minus, than to the vn described and figured by Dr. Braithwaite as Limpricht's specie Phascum scsi cd: Schreb. (c. fr.). Frequent in bare places among the grass ; on paths, &c. Var. schreberianum, Brid. Bare places among the gorse, west end of the lake. ee img Lindb. (c. fr.). Not . Nurseries, &c. 12 tee ambigua, Angstr. (c. fr.). R. (Massee, 1897). T. marginata, Spruce. (c. fr.). eps R., abundant on stones; P., brick steps. Certainly indigenous. T. muralis, Hedw. (c. fr.). Abundant every where, on "walls and stones. Var. estiva, Brid. Fernery, one or two tufts of a diei: marked state of this variety. T. en R. l tufts, n and there, on the stones, barren ; also: fh a 1897). Barbula rubella, Mitt. (c. fr.). R. Common. B. fallax, Hedw. Not uncommon ; riverside and gardens, occasionally fruiting. B. hornschuchiana, Schultz. Among the grass, near the lake, barren. B. revoluta, Brid. RS ta several places, barren ; also in fruit (Massee, 1897). B. unguiculata, Hedw ` Common throughout the gardens, rarely fruiting. B. lurida, Lindb. R. Spari ingly, and barren. B. vinealis, Brid. . In several places, barren. Weisia squarrosa, C. Müll. (c. fr.). On mud thrown up from a ditch, near pumping station, in fru (Massee, 1897). ; W. viridula, Hedw. (c. fr.). Q., common along the foundry € ditch. Trichostomum tortuosum, Dixo R. Very sparingly and et on ee Cinclidotus fontinaloides, P. Beau Not uncommon by the river, fruiting Ee: Sear eid en sha baden t Hedw. ones, bar Orthotrichum anomalum, Hedw. var. saxatile, Milde. (c. fr.). R., a few tufts ; on a wall, by the river-side. "E affine, Schrad. (c. fr.). . By the river-side, very sparingly, on a stone wall. E diaphanum, Schrad. e Bs Wall, I the koii sparingly B- Ephemerum serratum, Hampe (c. fr.). On a bank near the south end of the lake. Physcomitrium pyriforme, Brid. Patches of fruiting plants here and there by the river-side. Funaria fascicularis, Schimp. few fruiting plants, on a sandy bank, with Bartramia pomiformis, certainly native. A. Mr.G. N Nicholson and Mr. Hoimes have gathered it near the flagstaff, but it has now dis- appeared from this locality. F. hygrometrica, Sibth. (c. fr.). Abundant everywhere—in the driest places, as on cinders, as well as by the river-side,.where it is often submerged. Aulacomnium androgynum, Schwaeg. Q. Gemmiferous state; on elder tree. A. On a tree near the flagstaff. 7 Bartramia pomiformis, Hedw. Q., quite wild; boundary ditch; P. In both places with a few capsules. Leptobryum pyriforme, Wils. R. Not uncommon ; fruiting on stones. P. On ground, among grass. Occurs commonly in pots in the ee foreing- Webera oe Hedw. (c. fr.). Common, Q., on stumps; A., Bamboo garden, &c. W. carnea, Schimp. Barren ; bamboo garden ; river-side. sv inclinatum, Bland. R., in fruit ; A., Rose garden. B. pallens, Sw. „on a wet bank ; a dark-green form with numerous proto- nematoid branches. Mr. Dixon Dump on it: “I believe your Bryum is a form of B. pallens. It has the peculiar areolation of that which is some- what hard to define, decurrent leaves, etc. The var. speciosum is something like it, but not quite the same. The t tips of the branches show a little of the characteristic vinous red of pallens. The gemmiform threads I should take'to be an abnormal out- growth such as one finds in mosses growing in unusually damp situations. B. a Schwaeg. | By the river-side ; A., near rose garden. Barren. B. — Tene E IE Not uncomm B, B. intermedium, Brid. e fr.). , in an open spot. B. capillare, Linn. R., » abundant, fruiting ; Q a ditch, &c. ' 14 B. donianum, reo R. One tuft, with a few capsules. . B. erythrocarpum, Schivaeg. : Not uncommon, often among grass. Bamboo garden, P., &c. B. atropurpureum, Web. et Mohr (e. fr.). Á., on stumps near lake. B. argenteum, Linn. On paths, roofs, stones, &c. ; occasionally fruiting. Var. lanatum, Bruch et Schimp. Commoner than the type in the area; AE Lupe in dry place especially on walls exposed to the sun. All authors, without exception, as far as I can find, dir the nerve of the leaf of = arger Saat as ceasing below the apex, and it does not seem to excurrent. Most authors describe only the shape of the leaf as characteristic of the var. Janatwm, without referring to the nerve ; usnot (Muse. Gall. i., 243), however, describes and figures the nerve as very short. In the Kew plant, as mentioned above, as well as in all other examples of the var. Janatwm that I have - seen, the nerve is distinctly excurrent, and I believe that this structure i is characteristic of the variety. Mnium affine, =. Amongst grass. M. cuspidatum, Hedw. (non Neck.). R. Occasionally — cing a few capsules; originally found by Mr. G. Nicholso M. rostratum, ae Not uncommon i n dry places among the grass; fruiting in the: Queen's Cottage red (Massee, 1897). a M. vmm Linn, Q: E rin M. iie Linn. (c. fr.). Common ; very fine in Q., P., &c. M. stellare, Reichb. In one place in the Rockery. Fontinalis sue Aero Linn. In the moat by th Neckera crispa, Hedw R. Very sparingly, and starved. Porotrichum alopecurum, Mitt, Q. ; ; also occurs in the Winter Garden. . Leskea a polycarpa, Ehrh. By the river-side ; frequent on wood ; oce casionally on the stone E wall; often fruiting. Probably the same station as that ne | m n De fe oie = “New London Flora,” p. 90 “on, 15 Thuidium en Bruch et Schimp. .; A., fine and plentiful, on banks near the bamboo garden. T. recognitum, Lindb. Among grass, P. (Massee, 1898.) P sericeus, Dixon Frequent on stones and walls ; R., river-side, &c. ; not noticed in fruit ; Brachythecium albicans, Bruch et Schimp. Bank by the North Gallery ; among grass about the lake; river- side, between the west Dauer and Isleworth Gate. B. rutabulum, Bruch et re Common and fruiting free B. ve ne Bruch et inp (o. fr). Rather common ; islands in the lake ; Q., bet ditch ; P., &c. eie from the Palace gr ee have long sets, a draw out and ee with the var. pr eelongum of = Bryologia a. Witch cannot, however, be considered more than a B. populeum, Bruch et Schimp. Fernery (fruiting) ; R.; wall by river. B. purum, Diz Common among the grass, &c. Eurhynchium pmi Bruch et Schimp. P., in one place ; E. prelongum, Bruch et Schimp. Abundant every where ; occasionally fruiting. Also occurs fruiting in some of the Houses, e.g., Winter Garden. E. en Hobkirk. On the ground, river-side ; P.; Q., boundary ditch, also a very prett Eee more closely branched than usual, on siones near the Gambarna Gate ; Winter Garden. E. pumilum, Schimp P. ; also occurs plentifully on stones in the Winter Garden. E. tenellum, Milde. > n. Fruiting on Tree-Fern stems in the Winter Garden; these plants have quite smooth setw, so that they cannot be referred to the var. scabrellum, Dixon, which is the usual form found on vein over sun twigs, &c. Mr. W. E. Nicholson on ur in "Sussex. E. rusciforme, Milde. Abundant, and fruiting freely, by the river. E. murale, Milde. Not uncommon on stones; R., &e., fruiting freely. E. confertum, Milde. Abundant in fruit. P.; wall by the river; R., &c. 3 nnd po = ono tae grs in mary pi 16 E. megapolitanum, Milde. P. among the grass, on sand, fruiting. Certainly native. Mr. . E. Nich plisa tells me that the Kew plant agrees well with examples collected by him on sandy banks in West Sussex. Plagiothecium borrerianum, Spru Frequent, often one large atc on sandy banks, as about the Bamboo Garden P. denticulatum, Bruch et Schimp. Frequent; R., P. &c. Occasionally fruiting. P. sylvaticum, Bruch et Schimp. (c. fr.). . ingly. Q.; P. Spari Amblystegium serpens, Bruch ei Schimp. (e. fr.). Abundant every where. A. varium, Lindb. In a few places by the river. er ee, De Not mon ; on wall by river-side, A. Koei Bruch et Schimp. n one or two spots by the river. Hitherto only known in Britain bon: Hurstpierpoint, Sussex. Hypnum riparium, Linn. (c. fr.). About the lake, on the islands ; all along the river-side. H. elodes, Spruce, n an old stump, near the Cumberland Gate, in fruit. (Massee, 1897). A very interesting record. Unfortunately the species cannot be refound, and it is probable that it has disappeared from the original Lann through the formation of a rockery. H. stellatum, Schreb. R., very sparingly. H. sagi Linn. Abun in resupinatum, Schimp. < $ indiens ditch ; P., &c., not uncommon. ar. filiforme, Brid. e tron Qui A. H. molluscum, Hedw. R,ina few places H. palustre, Pis Here and there by the river-side. A en 8 form, growing on wood more or less submerged at high tide, | ig er reported. on b; Mr. Dixon : “I take your moss to be a curious form of H. eed tm, Linn 17 H. Schreberi, Willd Abundant in the Pinetum, near the Water-Lily Pond. Hylocomium squarrosum, Bruch et Schimp. Very common among the grass under trees. APPENDIX. zu nn species have occurred in the glass-houses onl Piyioin riu eurystomum, Sendt. (c. fr.). On earth, in a pot, No. 2 House (Nicholson). Aulacomnium paineta, Schwaeg. Common in several of the Houses, especially the Filmy-Fern xa in the gemmiferous state. First noticed here by Professor er, 8ee Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.), xx. (1884), p. 465, where an ee of the structure and germination of the gemmx is given. The pseudopodia are sometimes quite leafless, just as in A. androgynum. Fissidens are Salmon, Mr. Nicholson discovered this Fissidens growing in one of the Houses, on a Tee Fern stem, brought from Jamaica, It proved on examination to be a new species allied to F. Ravenelii, Sulliv., and is to be described and figured as F. Nicholsonii in the Annals of Botany. Hypopterygium viridulum, Mitt. Trunks of Tree-Ferns, Winter Garden. Rhizogonium pennatum, Hook f. et Wils. Common in the Filmy-Fern House. Cyathophorum pennatum, Arid. At the base of Tree-Fern stems, Winter Garden. ERNEST S. SALMON. DCXXXVIIL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Retirement of Mr. J. G. Baker—The termination of the official services of this well-known member of the Kew staff on reaching the age limit on Taha 12th of the present bed can iot be passed over without a brief record. Mr. John Gilbert Baker, having already aequired a reputation as a critical botanist, entered the Herbarium and Library of the Royal Botanic Gardens in 1806 as Assistant. He became successively a Principal een in 1884, and Keeper in 1890. Gifted with exceptional powers of sustained work, he devoted uulgus emergy to his laborious official duties. He became the acknow- ledged authority on the nomenclature and classification of Ferns and of Petaloid Monocotyledons, His non-official hours were no 15.9949 um : B 18 Des dmi employed. The following list comprises the more mporta orks which he turned out with untiring industry t the e Which was it his own disposal :— 1863.— North Yorkshire ; Studies of its Botany, Climate, and Physical Geography. 1866.—Flora of Northumberland and Dur 1868.—Synopsis Filicum (with Sir W.J. Hooker). 2nd edition, 1869. — Synopsis of Narcissus. 1869-1873.—Refugium Botanicum (4 vols.). 1870-1879.—Monograph of Liliacem (Journal of Linnean Society.) 1871.— Monograph of British Roses 1870-1884.—Ferns and Composite of Brazil. li ae ‚—Leguminos» of Tropical Africa. t nopsis of Crocus. 75-1 898. Contributions to Botanical Magazine. 15. —Elementary Lessons in Botanical Geography. 1 Systema iri u Gh - ^ A ee t 2: — Flora of Mauritius and Seychelles. sis of ve. 1878. —NWelwitach's Petaloid Monocotyledons of Angola. 1879.—Leguminoss of British India. 1879-1890. io kenn of New Plants from Madagascar (1,200 species). , .—Mon fpem of Isoe 1882. oa 8 Topographical Botany. 2nd edition. psis of Selagine 1884-5. TEEN Aare to orabire Naturalists’ Union. 1885.—Flora of English Lake Distr 1886.—Hooker’s Icones Plantarum, Vol. XVII. (Ferns). andbook of Fern Allies 1887.—H aboot of Amaryllidex. 1889.—Handbook of Bromeliacex. 1892 oe of [rides Scitaminex of British India. 1896-7 erem Capensis, Vol. VI. (Petaloid preme 1898.—Petaloid Monocotyledons of Topicn l Afri The production of this immense amount of technical work of | acknowledged merit not merely added lustre to the establishment, but was of immense value to it. Under these circumstances an while “ fully aware ot "ue good service rendered by Mr. Baker," declined to give. Mr. Baker was elected a Fellow of the Roya l Society in 1878. 19 approved by the First Commissioner of Her Majesty's Works and Publie Buildings. Mr. Hemsley took up his duties on 13th January of the present year. Principal Assistant (Phanerogams). — The appointment of Assistant in succession to Mr. Hemsley, promoted, was approved y the First Commissioner. - Stapf took up his duties on January 13th of the present yea LJ MR. WILLIAM nn a member of tar gardening staff of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed, on the recommendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for the onen Assistant Super- intendent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad, in succession to Mr. William Lunt, appointed Curator, Botanic Station, St. Kitts. Visitors toring 1898.—The number of persons who visited the Royal Botanic Gard ok ay the year 1898 was 1,277,215. That for 1897 md jd 239,683. The average for 1888-97 was 1 are dues The total number on 1 Sundays was 484, 054, and on wee 193,161. The maximum number on any one day was 71, 8n oii May 30, and the smallest 67 on November 21. It is remarkable that while the total d fluctuates within comparatively narrow limits, the aggregate attendance on week- mai increases, while that on Sundays d hinishos. In 1891 they early balanced. The detailed monthly returns are given below :— anuary . 20,643 February . 19,995 March 33,8 April 182,494 May 181,551 June 169, July iis August .. 251,971 September 124,059 October. 39,206 ovember 23,787 December ... 18 MRS. BARNARD.— This lady, the wife of Major R. Cary Barnard, F.L.S., of Cheltenham, the daughter of the late Professor J. S. Henslow, and sister-in-law of Sir Joseph Hooker, died on January 19th. ee in no small degree her father’s S for otany, she was a very good botanical artist, and contri considerable number of plates to the Botanical Magazine bei siu 20 ine years 1879 and 1886. She also made the drawings for-the ood-euts which illustrate Professor Oliver’s Lessons in montar. y Botany, a well-known and popular introduction to systematic botany, in part based upon materials left in manuscript by Professor Henslow himself. Botanical Magazine for December.—The present number com- eee the 124th volume, which is dedicated to Mr W. B. Hemsley, | S., at the date of publication Principal Assistant in the Herb- - arium of the Royal Gardens. All the five plants figured are in cultivation at Kew. Musa Bakeri is anew species, supposed to bea | native of Cochin bins. It was obtained from the Jardin des an Paris. The Kew plant, which has a stem 10 feet high, flowered for the first time in October, 1895. Cardamine latifolia, — from the Pyrenees and Southern Italy, is a robust plant with rather lu rosy-lilac flowers. eiie de mastersianum, native of Java, was sent to Kew by Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. Albans. It isan ‘unusually handsome species both in a and flowers. Cala- | denia carnea, var. alba, a terrestrial orchid from Eastern 2 and Tasmania, was received from Mr. J. O'Brien, of Harrow-on —— The disk of the recurved lip is furnished with two or : ore rows of stalked, capitate glands, Fritillaria pluriflora, u otidir ornamental species from Norther. ee whence . bulbs were sent to Kew cx Mr. Carl cma of Ukiah, has rose- | coloured flowers an inch long, and about two inches wide; arranged | in a loose raceme. 1 Magazine for January.—Acalypha hispida (A. anc t is the handsome subject of the first plate of the new - ough so recently introduced into European gardens, — its peus as : highly ornamental pant for stove cultivation has become well established. The specimen figured was receive from Messrs. Sander, of St. Alban re having been sent ' them by their collector from = Bismarck Archipelago, in 1896. Lewisia Tweedyi is a native f the Wenatchee mountains, Washington State t lan with flowers three inches in diameter ; the petals are straw-colour becoming bright pink at the tips and edges. The Kew plant W? acquired by purchase. The very pretty Lilium salailun was escribed early last year from material received from M Bunting, of Chelmsford. It is a native of Japan, and FU io japonicum, but the flowers are smaller and pink. lthe trichoph ylla is a diminutive species from the Himalaya an estern China. The Kew plants were received from the Hon. Charles Ellis, of Frensham Hall, Haslemere. Ve: heterophylla, from California, i is the only American species : of the . genus. The plant figured was raised from seed received from | . Californian nurseryman. nre ~ "$ 21 Kirk's Studént’s Flora of New Zealand.—The death of Professor T. Kirk, of New Zealand, was announced in the Aew Bulletin (1898, p. 51), tof, also, reference was made to his unfinished work bearing the above title. Since then Sir James Hector, Director of the Geologic a fhe of New Zealand, and of the New Zealand Institute, has sent Sir Joseph Hooker “ clean sheets ” of the work, so far as it has been printed off ; and they have been Bent by him to Kew. It is gratifying to learn from the me source that this fragment will be published, and that pa botanist will probably be commissioned to write a Flora of the country on a less : comprehensive plan, Kirk’s Flora is, as far as completed, admirable in nee. and, as far as possible, exhaustive in treatment. It is a ma of deep regret that the author did not li with Kirk’s local, botanical, and literary skill. But what is more imperatively required, in the first place, is a handy und cheap ook, in which the plants are described in familiar language, without any attempt on the part of the author to See d ; that is to say, to discriminate critical forms, or for complete d of rare species in order to. be TUR to fully describe the The aiii of Kirk's Flora comprises ihe orders Ranunculacez to Ooa oita. covering 363 large octavo pages ; or, more space than the whole of the flowering plants and ferns occupy in Hooker’s Handbook. It is true that the wire includes namaa introduced plants; but many of peer a so abundant and so widely spread that they form portant, or at least a conspicuous part of the aviation in certain districts. Some, indeed, pervade the whole country, and it is as d ry for ihe student to have means of re them as the rarer aboriginal Lie To the beginner they are as much natives as the others. In Kirk's work the names and descriptions of the introduced plants are printed. in different type from the rest. The Ferns of North-Western India.—Mr. C. W. Hope, late of = ee Works Department, Government of India, who devoted of his leisure time while in India to the study of joie: has, die his retirement, continued his studies at Kew, and is eve of publishing a detailed account of all the species inhabiting the North-Western Provinces and adjoining territories. This partially descriptive enumeration will shortly appear n the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, and will be illustrated by a number of plates Para Rubber in Penang.—A brief reference to the experimental production of this rubber was given in the Kew Bulletin for 1898, p- 273. Two samples have since been received from ‚Curtis, the. Assistant Superintendent of Forests, both of which- were 22 taken from a tree growing in the Botanie Garden, the quantity collected amounting to three pounds. One sample had been coagulated with, and the other without, alum, but both were dried by fire heat. Accompanying the samples was a bag of chips or shavings of the wood of the rubber tree, containing a quantity of the coagulated juice; it was thought that they might prove a marketable article for the extraction of the rubber. All the samples were submitted to Messrs. Hecht, Levis, and Kahn, the well-known rubber brokers of Mincing Lane, who er furnished the following report under date February 3rd, “Phe rubber shavings are almost valueless, containing as one do only small traces of rubber. We estimate the value of these meen Fr "$ c B ex c "i "d e 5% B [2 - > ® o ect BD’ ®© "1 et 2 © un B "3 m [o] un pr] © © Eh ®© PA [e] ® B ae t ^ the two small cakes you have sent us. The treatment of No. 1 with alum does not in any way interfere with the quality.’ lah, ge oe ak RP acl NA ern Para Rubber in Perak.—The experimental cultivation of Para 4 Rubber in the d l1 has been discussed in the Kew — - Bulletin, - 1898, pp. 2 4. The following a gives a higher valuation for the produce of the trees grown in Perak than that already quoted. THE SS ME Ser GOVERNMENT Dore Cue PERAK, to E SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, PER Government Plantations Office Taiping, October x 1898. 1 "have the honour to forward herewith a copy of the corre- spondence in connection with a parcel of Para Rubber (208 pounds sheet, and 8 qe scrap), prepared at Kuala Kangsar, and sent home for sale The correspondence is interesting, as it shows market value - of Para Rubber grown in Malaya. The parcel realised $293.90, exclusive of charges. E The Rubber was valued at about 3s. 5d. per pound, but sold for I 3s. 1d. owing to the cost of analysis The analysis showed a loss of 26] per cent. in washing, but the manufacturers think that if sent home in bulk, the loss would | per cent as a large quantity could not be sent home so dry. I have, &e., Sign ed) R. DER i: Superintendent of PE em Mauritius Tea.—The cultivation of tea in Mauritius, has. pe _ discussed in the Kew Bulletin for February, 1887, p. 7 ; and Ee 23 pp. me ane following is the most recent information with regard to pemacr from og Annual Report on Mauritius and Rodrigues for 1897, p. 2 The cultivation a has been extended, and produce of excellent quality has nee put on the market in limited supplies. ile the quality is sufficiently good to enable it to nn on the English market, the scale on which it has been produced has not been sufficiently Jarge to show whether the cost of spp os will permit of exporting it profitably. Coffee-leaf Disease in Zanzibar.—T'he occurrence of this fungus- parasite in German East Africa was recorded in the Kew Bulletin for 1894 (p. 412). According to The Shamba: Journal of Agri- culture for Zanzibar, September, 1898, it has now made its appearance in Zanzibar. The statement, though not improbable, has not -— verified, as far as is known, by a scientific examination * Some of the en coffee trees at Mbweni bear the unmis- takable stamp of the well-known coffee-leaf disease (Hemileia vastatrix). The disease is a fungus which first attacks the under side of the leaves causing spots or blotches at first yellow but subsequently turning black. These blotches are, on examination, found to be covered with a pale, orange-coloured dust or powder which easily rubs off. The blotches gradually increase in size till at last they have deine over the leaves, which then drop off, leaving the trees in a short time quite bare, i in which state they at whi may from Ceylon, but as "a we know this is the first actual appearance of the disease in teilten. The Liberian species is not supposed to be subject to its attacks, and this makes its appearance at Mbweni all the more interesting. Otherwise the trees nere show a most robust and healthy growth in spite of dry weath Fungus-gamboge.-Zopf gives this name (Bot. Zig., 1889, p. 53), to a yellow substance obtained from Polyporus hispidus, "Prise, readily soluble in ether and alcohol; it is dissolved with the formation of a red colour in concentr. trated nitrie or sulphuric acid, t addition of water. The colouring matter is abundant in the cell- walls, cell-contents, and also as an excretion on the surface of the xc ime Polyporus hispidus is a common fungus, and could obtained in Mbit ue should fungus-gamboge prove to possess um economie value, 24 ee Hummel, of the Dyeing School, Leeds, was kind. nough to examine the colouring matter, and furnished the Pollo ise oe report :— PROF. HUMMEL TO ROYAL Lacu KEW. Clothworkers' Departm : The Yorkshire ore Leeds, DEAR SIR, November, 1897. HEREWITH enclosed I send you two pieces of calico Dora with iron and aluminium in a stripe pattern, and dyed with (a) Old Fustie (Morus tinctoria), (b) Poli hr hispidus, received from you The experiment shows that P. hispidus contains a yellow mordant-colouring-matter in moderate quantity, but the colours obtained are not bright enough, nor is the fungus mers up in colouring matter to render it of commercial value in Euro If you will be good enough to procure about 10 Ibs. weicht of. the fungus, it will be worth while making d chemical examina- tion to determine what the colouring matter Yours truly, (Signed) 3 7. HUMMEL. W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, Esq., F.R.S., Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. * ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULGE TIN MISCELLANEOUS. INFORMATION. Nos. 147-148.] MARCH and APRIL. (1899. DCXXXIX.—PLANT DISEASES-I. TREE ROOT-ROT. (Agaricus [Armillaria] melleus, Vahl.) (With Plate.) Notwithstanding the existence of numerous excellent treatises and handbooks on the diseases of plants produced by parasitic fungi, there appears to be still a need of descriptions of the more common ones in moderately popular language, accompanied by characteristic portraits of the organisms and of the mischief they effect. Some semi-official correspondence has taken place between Kew and the Board of Agriculture on the subject. It en m pde to publish a series of articles in this —€ from time in the Kew Bulletin. They may possibly be spine eventually into a volume, which will be sold run Agaricus melleus is one of the most generally distributed and destructive of “ toadstools," attacking all kinds of fruit trees, many broad-leaved tores trees, also all European and many imported conifers. Hartig records having recognised its mycelium i in fossil wood of Cupressinox. ylon. As a saprophyte it occurs in dense clusters at the base of stumps, and also on posts and Worked timber. The cap or pileus is 2 to 3 inches across when expanded, pale honey-colour, and ornamented with numerous minute scales; stem 4 to 6 inches long, coloured like the pileus; gills white, with just a suspicion of pink, and, when young, hidden by a membrane stretching from the stem to the edge of the pileus. As the latter expands this membrane breaks away ved the edge of the pileus and forms a ring or collar round the he spores are white, and settle on objeets under the gills hi the form of a dense white powder. 3282—1375—7/99 Wt92 D&S 29 26 The fruit of the fungus is usually not formed until the tree has been killed, or nearly so, by its mycelium; nevertheless, the accumulation of extruded resin round the collar. he spores of the fungus dispersed by wind and carried by the fur of animals, &c., germinate and first form a delicate, white cobweb-like my celium, which soon produces blackish, cord- like, radiating strands of mycelium called rhizomorphs. These bodies, which vary in thickness from that of thick thread to moderately thick Desi continue to inerease in length, travelling a few inches underground, until they come in contact with the root of a tree, when the cortex is pierced and a firm white sheet of mycelium is formed between the cortex and the wood. This feli gradually passes up the trunk for some distance between the bark of the o n roots and the collar, entering the cortex at various points. Delicate — of mycelium extend from the felt formed under - the cortex into the wood, principally along the medullary rays, — and eh de apis the vessels, which soon become choked with a dense mass of m In conifers the ee fills the resin-canals and destroys the — - cells forming their walls, the resin exuding through the bark in | large quantities and collecting round the am hence the name * resin-flux " sometimes given to this dis 1 Ata itor stage of the disease the irf of the roots and collar | are covered with a white felt of mycelium, which exhibits a pale - go ee Sh light in the dark 4 Afte the dea th of the tree, numerous stout, branching, black . ood a Preventive ddr —There are two methods b hick: a tree — may become infected :—(1) spores; (2) underground rhizomorphs. - Infection by means of spores may be prevented by destroying all 4 fungi growing in the neighbourhood of valuable trees. The fungi should be ji dens: and bur kicking over and E ned ; ER trampling under foot simply disperses the spores and does more harm than good. a tree 27 Description of Figures. —Fig. 1, a med of Agaricus (Armil- laria) melleus, Vahl, nat. size; 2, sect of a fungus, showing the gills running for some distance down the stem (decurrent) and producing at the base of the stem black cord-like strands of mycelium or rhizomorphs ; nat. size DCXL.—ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF INDIA- RUBBER. India-rubber, or caoutchouc, is chemically a hydrocarbon. But what is called pm molecular constitution is unknow All that has been ascertained is that when decomposed by heat (distillation in elosed vess ssels) it is broken up into simpler hydrocarbons, amongst which is isoprene Caoutchouc is found in a considerable number of plants in no way related by botanical affinity. But they are for the most part natives of tropical countries, As is well known, it occurs in the latex, a milky juice contained in the laticiferous vessels. It is not dissolved in the latex but is merely suspended in All chemical substances of vegetable origin sooner or later yield to the art of the synthetic chemist, and admit, therefore, of being built up from simplercompounds. The methods of accomplishing this in individual cases may or may not lead to commercial results. In many cases they remain merely of theoretical interest as, though PIERDE they are too cumbrous and expensive to be of actual uti The itid production of every organic compound is, then, a scientific problem which may have commercial results. It is always a matter of interest to note and place on record the first step towards its solution, although the commercial application may be remote. Such a first step has been achieved by Dr. Tilden, F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry in the Royal College of Science, South Kensington, in the case of india-rubber. He has kindly permitted ^M republication of his results in these pages with some more ecent revisions. They have also been republished in the Chemical News. * Note on the Spontaneous Conversion of Isoprene into Caoutchouc. * [Read before the Mio res Philosophical Society, y 18th, 1892.] = wears isa hydrocarbon ek was discovered by Greville Williams many years ago among the qp of the destructive distillation e iy abhor eda in 1884 (Trans. Chem. Soc vol. 45, p. 410), it was observed by myself among the more vola tile compounds obtained by the action of a moderate heat upon oil of turpentine and other terpenes. It isa very volatile 3282 A2 28 liquid, POM es about 36°. Its molecular formula is C; Hs, and it —— mide, C; Hg prac but nó metallic derivatives like 3 the two Mis EET of Aoc Ap * Bouchardat (Compt. rend. di 81, p. 654, and. vol. 89, pp. 261 and 1117) observed that when isoprene is heated to a iemperature near 300°, it gradually polymerises into a terpene, which he called diisoprene, b but which is now called dipentene. This compound — : 1 ; is ad 1 a to uh elastic solid, Which hai een Bee by G. "geb enda and by myself. Tt appears to be true india- rubber K Specimens of isoprene were made from several terpenes in the eourse of my work on those compounds, and some of nm I have preserved. I was surprised a few weeks ago at finding the — contents of the ido containing isoprene from turpentine entirely changed in appearance. In place of a limpid colourless | liquid, the bottle contained a dense syrup in which was floating seve voral large masses of a solid of a sites nb Slade Upon g pbi. be that a small quantity of acetic or formic acid had been produce by the oxidising action of the air, and that the presence of this compound had been the means of transforming the rest. liquid was acid to test paper, and yielded a small portion of | unchanged isoprene. *'lhe artificial india-rubber, like natural rubber, appears to consist of two substances, one of which is more soluble in benzene or carbon bisulphide than the other eo “The artificial dans unites with sulphur in the same way 4 ordinary rubber, forming a tough elastic compoun * The constitutional formula of i isoprene is now known to be :— xs hese iat lene, CH, = CCH; — CH = CH;. “It obvious that compounds such as these, or Johi inkad carbon, may polymerise in a variety of ways; and in the present condition of our know ledge even of oorh it would be idle to speculate as to which out of the numero possible arrangements would cor arene to the constitution ©) caoutchouc.” —(Proc. Birm. Phil. Soc. viii., Pt. 1.) In a recent letter Professor Tilden states :—* As you may imagine, I have tried everything I can think of as likely to promote this change, but withoat success. The polymerisation etre slowly, occupying, according to my experience, veral years, and all attempts to hurry it result in the produc ton not of rubber but of ‘colophene,’ a thick sticky oil q ut useless for all the purposes to which rubber is applied." 29 DCXLI.-LAGOS RUBBER INDUSTRY. In the Kew eee ote due (pp. 241—247) an account is given of the important commer ich had resulted in Lagos from the be short-lived, owing to the reckless way in which the rubber trees is been exhausted by the rubber collectors reports given in the ud PY correspondence Mee a "S of things which, unless arrested , only lead to the extinction of the iod MET. These porté m highly creditable to the two young Africans, Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu, by whom they were drawn up. As stated in the Kew Bulletin (1893, p. 365), they have had the advantage of training in the Botanical Department of Jamaica and subsequently at ew. The Ire tree, or, as it is uud called, "s “female Ire tree,” is Kickxia ricana, a an Apocynaceous tree. The * male Ire tree " appears to be Holarrhena ins cana ote: Apocynaceous. In the Kew Bulletin for 1895 (p. 245) it is described by an oversight as Rubiaceous. It yields rubber oil apparently of little commercial value. The Ficus referred to in the reports is probably Ficus on discussed in the Kew Bulletin for 1888 (pp. 253-261) and 1890 (pp. 89-93), the extraction of rubber from which appears to have met with little success. It was first indicated as a source of rubber in the Kew Re port for 1878, p. 39. GOVERNOR MCCALLUM TO MR. CHAMBERLAIN. nn Hou SIR, Lag 5, 24th. Ji une, 1897. IN despatch “Interior,” dated 9th Februar 1897, para- 6, Captain Denton referred to the wholesale destruction of rubber trees in the Hinterland, and the consequent injury to a most important industry of the Colony d that he had sent Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu of the Botanical Deine to Ibadan, with a view to the protection of this industry, and he recommended the establishment of a small Forest Department. 2. I have now the honour of forwarding copy of report received from Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu, from which you will observe that Captain Denton's fears have been e than realised, and that the destruction is very widespread, prre to the Ekiti- Parapo Confederacy as well as to Ibadan and Jebu. I also enclose return for the last six months from the Acting Collector of Customs, showing that there is a falling off in export of rubber amounting to 33 per cent. compared with 1896. 3. This falling off is serious, for—ceteris paribus—it bruni a corresponding diminution of impo orts, and t cs ore 0 Mini I do not, however, anticipate any serious reduc of fe rev for, from other causes, the total amount wbich Hh a éóllected for five months is not below that estimated. 30 4. I, moreover, entertain hopes that the present visit, for the first time in history, of kings and chiefs of the Hinterland, with their numerous followers, will be of the greatest benefit to the Colony, and be the means of securing a marked increase of trade with the interior. 5. It is important, however, to take steps which will protect the forests from being ruthlessly destroyed, and which will allow young rubber trees to mature before they are tapped by irrespon- sible collectors. I therefore cordially endorse Captain Dentons recommendation as to the necessity of a Forest Department. = Li 5 7. I hope also to organise some system by which the native chiefs will exercise more control over the collectors, but this can scarcely do until I visit the country myself, and see what promises to be the best means of securing permanence of supply. 8. In the meanwhile, I have thought it desirable to give you some idea as to how the question stands, for you will probably have its importance represented to you by the merchants of Liverpool and Manchester, who will suffer from the falling off in the supply of rubber which has taken place during the current year 9. Had the collection been entrusted to the chiefs of Yoruba and their men, it is probable that our controlling influence would have checked the destruction which has taken place, but Fantees from the Gold Coast have not had permanency of supply in their minds when they have destroyed trees in all directions, and imperilled the constant supply of a material for which there 18 now so much demand. I have, &c., (Signed) HENRY MCCALLUM, Governor. The Right Honourable Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., Secretary of State for the Colonies. [ Enclosure. ] SIR, Ife, May 25th, 1897. WE beg respectfully to report to you our work and progress since we left Ibadan. e should state that before leaving Ibadan we had an interview 3 with His Excellency the Acting Governor. : In this interview we informed His Excellency of the ruined state and condition of the Jebu and Ibadan forests which we had then just visited ; and also conveyed to him the information we had gathered from those interested in the industry to the effect that there was no rubber forest in the neighbourhood of these tw0 — 3 countries that has not been spoiled by overworking. d We were then instructed by His Excellency to go to the Ekiti country, where, we told him, as we were informed ourselves 31 t we regret to say that all the rubber forests through which we have passed and visited during the whole tour have all been spoilt by over FARM consequently, we thought it our best plan to make it understood to the kings and chiefs of the different towns we visited, that it is the wish of His Excellency the - Governor to improve the quality of the rubber, and to make the industry a permanent one: that His Excellency desires this, not only in the interest of trade, but also for the lasting benefit ot themselves and children ; and that for this purpose we had been sent out by the Government. In order to effect the wish of His ie etra four important things were impressed on their minds Consi idering the present state of the forests, we strongly advised ihem to leave off tapping for two years, when all the trees in their forests which have been almost stripped of their barks shall have DIM up, and be in a fit state for extracting fresh supply of j 2. 'That guna the trees shall have healed up the process of tapping should only have one season in a year, and this should be during the rainy season. We explained that by so doing the trees would be allowed ample time to heal up and thus be in a good state for the next year’s tapping. . That in tapping the trees the rubber collector should be very particular in making his lateral incisions ; these should be 2 feet apart. This we S HDD is very important as on it depends the life of the pe . In plac uice is available we have seized the opportunity of et Ei who are interested in this industry the proper mode of preparing rubber. ur present plan is to go round to the ata: forests to teach these facts as has been done in the other distric We are, &e., (Signed) F. G. R. LEIGH and T. B. DAWODU. The Acting Resident, Ibadan. ACTING GOVERNOR CAPTAIN G. C. DENTON TO R. CHAMBERLAIN. Government Hou SIR, Lagos, 28th June, 1898. IH the honour to forward a report by Messrs. Leigh and Divai. Assistant Curators of the Botanic Station, giving the results of their mission to the interior upon which they were sent by me in February, 1897. 2. I im hold to the view I expressed in my despatch of the 9th February, 1897, on the subject of a Forestry Department, and I think that, though i may not be possible to en in force a drastic Forestry Ordinance, much may yet be done to preserv the rubber and other weed dr the Goverment, icing dE the authorities of the country, will take upon themselves the super- vision of all the forests. 32 3. I beg to suggest that Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu's report be transmitted to the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. Fears DE SL ET Duy I have, &c., (Signed) GEORGE C. DENTON, Acting Governor. The Right Honourable Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., Secretary of State for the Colonies. le ATU sS bep e pr S, Mrs raton NO TUE T NADIE [ Enclosure. ] Botanic Station, Ebute Meta, SIR, July 28, 1897. WE have the honour to submit for the information of His Excelleney a general report of the work done during our absence in the interior. ; Leaving Lagos on the 8th February we proceeded to Ibadan, vid Epe, where we arrived on the 13th instant. Here we received definite instructions as to the exact nature of our mission. uring our stay at Ibadan, and before we received instructions to proceed further up country, we took the opportunity of visiting the Ibadan and Jebu forests, which are so rich in rubber an timber trees. We regretted to find that though both forests was still going on. We found the forests of all these countries to abound, more or less, in Ire rubber trees ; but we discove that all rubber-working had practically ceased even in these far off countries, a consequence due entirely to the overworking of the trees. As far as we could inspect them all the trees had been over- tapped, and consequently many of them were dying, as is the We thought it therefore our best plan, seeing the condition of their forests, to call together the kings, chiefs, and townspeopl of the different towns we visited, and conveyed to them the wishes of the Lagos Government with regard to the rubber industry. "m . We called their attention to the ruined condition of all the rubber trees in their forests, and pointed out to them the folly and. short-sightedness of the system of “killing the goose for golden eggs." — P 33 We made them to understand that it is the en wish of the 0 ke bee up to them, but that it is impossible for the industry to last en ae years with the present system of working the us and that we would strongly advise them, therefore, in ecordance en the wishes of the ee to stop all rubber- pour ing in their forests for the next two or three zn the surviving trees might have sufficient ins to recov selves with Dark, and to allow young ba (in which ibeir poen, abound) to attain tapable sizes. After this period of time every proprietor should then begin to wis his bush on quite a different system. That in this way the industry would be permanent, and they would derive yearly income from their forests. We pointed out to them the great commercial value of this tree, and its financial superiority is cola and palm trees, and there- fore sonrt urged them to devote as much, if not greater attention to the rearing and ee of this tree as they do to the latter ones. They were made to understand that by doing thisthey would not only be carrying out the wishes of the Lagos Government, which moting the interest of trade and be benefiting themselves and children. Finally we told them that it is their duty to stop all intruders in their forests, as it was en who had ruined their forests more than the inhabitants themselv We regret to report that all over i-Yoruiidla nd, beginning from Iwo, and as far as we went in this direction, the forests are sparse and there are more fields than anything else. Consequently there are few rubber trees in those parts, and a good deal of what there are are what the natives call the male Ire tree [Holarrhena vd ; it produces a similar juice to the female Ire tree, but oagulates only to the consistency of the soft Ire rubber (Landolphia Sp. ; this deserves investigation as it is very plentiful in some parts and yields abundance of juice). The only parts where good bits of forest were found were Osogbo, Ila-Oke, Ilobu, Ejigbo. E. 3 Yorubaland, prete we strongly urged the ve take to planting Ire as they do kola and palm trees een siitable dici are avaiable. explaining kor they should be planted, and what a great rend of income such an undertaking will be to them in the fut We are pleased to report that the gin seemed to fall in sani) with this suggestion. furthermore impressed on them that the process of apping should only be aos once a year, and during the rainy season, at sufficient time be allowed the trees to rebark ee g Pe the next PAE 2 feet bobween the are la ateral grooves: this is j just the point where the native tappers destroy the trees; ar do not allow more than from 6 to 9 inches between the lateral grooves, thus 34 leaving a very limited amount of bark between the grooves, subsequently the trees all wither (especially during the dry season) and die. The mode adopted by the Fantees, who are to be found in good numbers at Owo and its vicinity, for extracting the juice is the one most suitable and convenient. The first point is for the tapper to make a vertical groove (3 to 3 in. wide) from the bottom to the top of the tree, and in such a way as to gouge out a bit o the true bark ; after this is done, and as the tapper is descending, two series of oblique lateral grooves converging towards the main vertical groove are made, of the same width; thus all the exudation of the lateral grooves flows into the main groove which, together with its own exudation, finds its way down to the base of the tree where a receptacle of some kind is placed to receive the milk. The method the natives adopt for ccagulating the juice is a very dirty and improper one, but a better and simpler way of produc- ing a whiter and superior quality was shown them. This is done by adding twice the quantity of water as there is juice (strained), and then gradually heating; by so doing the rubber becomes coagulated, and does not burn up as in the case with the native system. This kird of rubber comes out milky white, and when pressed (to get rid of water), has an agreeable smell and a superior quality. We pointed out to them the advantage gained in taking a little trouble in the preparation, as on it depends the value of their produce. As there was no more rubber milk to be obtained in several rubber supply is obtained, although in some parts about the Ekiti orests we observed other rubber-yielding trees, such as species of Landolphia, Ficus, &c. The species of Landolphia yielding the soft rubber is found plentifully in the Ekiti forests, but owing to its softness, and the low prices offered by merchants, the people do not consider it remunerative enough. The other species of Landolphia (probably L. owariensis) which produces the harder and superior rubber is much preferred, but as it is very scarce and not so common in the interior as the soft one, very few balls have been brought down and sold at very lucrative prices. During all our tour the only place where it was observed to exist (but not in a very large quantity) is in the Isoya forests. We advised them to search for this particular species, which is commonly known under the native name of Ibo Akitipa, and to collect rubber of it, which, we assured them, will be readily sold at as good a price, if not better, than that offered for the rerubber. The tapping of this species of Landolphia will not take so much time as the Ire. The operation is simple enough, and can be successfully done by intelligent and careful natives. The stem of the vine (which is as thick as a man’s arm) 18 detached from all its supports and stretched out on the ground, 3 but its roots are not at all disturbed, so that the vine is supported by its roots. After stretching out the vine on the Wg ie Sse :35 ground, incisions of 6 in. x 2 in. are made at distances of from 6 to 8 ft. apart, under these incisions vessels are placed to receive the milk, which easily and readily coagulates, and is then balled or wound up. This kind of rubber has no water whatever in it. The species of Ficus noticed are several, but owing to the insignificance and inferiority of its rubber (specimens have been sent to England and seien d at a very low price) we did not ee these to n whole we are compelled to say that the Government was rather too late in taking up this matter, and that unless our olony only three days off Benin) which, we understood, is the limit of our Protectorate on that side. * * * E We have, &c., (Signed) EOR meg T. B. Daw Foie Curators. EXTRACT from LAGOS ANNUAL REPORT for 1897. * As was anticipated, the falling off in the production of rubber, due to the reckless way in which it was collected, has come to pass, the amount shipped in 1897 being 4,458,327 lbs. as against 6,484,365 lbs. in 1896. It is early to talk pessimistically of the x extinction of the industry,’ inasmuch as the opening up of fresh country to peaceful commerce cannot fail to revive the production. At the same time the greed and guile of the small minority that collects and adulterates she coupled with the apathy of the large majority that only looks on, must inevitably deal a severe blow to the trade. Steps are, however, being taken to encourage ubbe l the native chiefs to have the rubber collected in a thrifty and systematic ma nner, wie it is hoped, will show good results in the near future ” (pp. 6 ; 1). DCXLIL—MADAGASCAR INDIA-RUBBER. Enquiries are frequently made about the Zi eit ab igen plants of Madagascar. This island has long be ondibieuspty ot of pera gee to Near gains (See Kew Bulletin, 2 70.) Hitherto it has b upposed to be yielded exclusively by species of re the “pubber-vines” which are so widely distributed in Tropical Africa. Within the last few years it has been obtained, and apparently in abundance, from a En of other plants. 36 About 1892 an immense development of the rubber-trade took place in Southern Madagascar. The following account is borrowed from the Zndia-rubber and ı Gutta Percha and Electrical Trades Journal (Nov. 3, 1893, p. 107) :— The French Vice-Resident, writin’ from Nossi Vé (not to be confounded with Nossi Pol, s TB report elu in the Moniteur Officiel du Commerce of November 2nd —says :—‘* Caoutchouc has only been exploited in the southern fomir since the first months of 1892, and the first operations, conducted with discretion, have abroad ; a veritable caoutchouc fever has raged with everyone, especially the natives. Everything has been neglected for the rich product, leading to great modifications in wages, in the recruitment of workers, and in the prices of food and goods, &c. But the exploitation of caoutchouc has been carried out with veritable vandalism ; the trees and shrubs producing it have been savagely destroyed ; hence the diminution in the yield, as well as in the quality, because the natives have mixed other substances with the caoutchouc to increase the size and weight of the balls." Some further information which has attracted a good deal of — appeared in a letter from Mr. Abraham Kingdon which ten in the Standard of Dec. 22, 1896 call your attention to the arid district of St. Mary's, the NU part of Madagascar, from which district an enormous amount of india-rubber has been procured during the last few years. The india-rubber is procured from an almost leafless shrub with a large bulbous root. The discovery that this shrub produced india-rubber was made by a “fluke.” Up to the time of the discovery, india-rubber had only been ee from Landolphia, which grows freely in all the low-lying parts of Madagascar, north of the arid district of St. Mary's. One day, however, a young native (who did not believe that india-rubber could be procured from a thing but the Landolphia) brought two balls of india-rubber to Mr. Mare hal, of Fort Dauphin. He said, “] have brought you two balls of something which looks like india-rubber ; but I do not think it can be india-rubber, because it was not procured from the vahy ( Landolphia ); but if you wil = buy some of it I will bring it to you." He added, “I saw some —— boys playing with these balls. They were made from the juice of a shrub, which coagulates as soon as it is exposed to the air.’ Mr. Marchal said that he was not a chemist, and em he did not know whether it would turn out right in the process of manu- — facture he did not care to risk much. The natives ege to sell ce Av dollars one Bound) per hundred lbs, and Mr. Marchal n credit. He e was able to load a mah ifs er took he cargo (four pounds) pe Ibs. For ry eleven months Mr. Marchal i ae een, and during this period he cleared 91 twenty-six thousand pounds net profit. The same kind of india- rubber is now sold at Fort Dauphin at forty-five and fifty dollars per hundred lbs. Unfortunately the natives destroy the shrub in the operation of collecting the india-rubber ; ER in order to take the milk from the bulb, they root up the shru For the most recent information Kew is indebted to the follow- ing communication from the Foreign Office :— FOREIGN OFFICE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. SIR, Foreign Office, en 3, 1898. I AM directed by the Secretary of State € Foreign Affairs to transmit to you the accompanying copy of a en extracted from the Depeche Coloniale respecting the $éitivation of India- rubber in Madagascar. I am, &e., The Director, (Signed) F. H. VILLIERS. Royal Gardens, Kew. EXTRACT from the Depeche Coloniale, August 28, 1898. The Exploitation of India-rubber in Madagascar. The cape ae for the eultivation of india-rubber in Madagascar are numerous, especially on the coast and lower levels of the binis: It may be expected that the efforts which may be made in this coeton will fully succeed if, in establishing plantations, the Hane perly studied. The best known rubber-trees are : "e Hevea, Manihot, Castilloa, Landolphia, Willughbeia and Ficu ; Besides the =. s met igne ee the epos of mt south, there exists t with on the east side of the Island which the natives Aita labia. This tree, which furnishes an abundant and much-prized latex, appears destined to a an important role in the future. There are two varieties one, the most important, with large leaves, the other with small pubem They belong to the familv of the ove een held Alstonie®. The barabanja is abundant in the region comprised between Vohemar and the Bay of Antongil. The tree is r found wild up to an altitude of 1,300 to 1,600 feet. It prefers the glades and borders f forests, and may attain to a height of 50 feet, with a cireum- ference of 5 feet. Specimens of this size are, however, rare, for, about the age of eight or kive years, the natives make excessive incisions, and very often even cut down the tree in order to gather the latex The tree propagates itself readily from suckers, and it is to this that the Bnet abundance of the tree is due. Very fine specimens are reported fr "m the neighbourhood of Antalaha, Sahambava and -acvinacdrien The cultivation of neret trees has already been tried in different parts of the are The preference seems to have been given to plants of Hevea, from Para, which appears likely to er» satisfactory results, 38 With regard to the production of india-rubber, certain regions of Madagascar have been specially favoured. In ‘the province of Fort Dauphin, for example, where an increasing production has been most observed, there were only 12 to 15 tonsa year of rubber taken up to 1890 from Landolphia vines (Vahea) and from Mee of Ficus. But the discovery of the Euphorbiaceous plant, com- monly called * in£isy," which gives a superior latex, has wee an important commercial movement towards this district; the harvest has been collected more energetically, and this has resulted in the zone of the rubber production being reduced to a consider- able extent. For the last few months natives of the west of the province of Fort Dauphin have begun to bring a little rubber to the coast; but a European could not at present devote himself to regularly and ites coped working the substance owing to the bad state of e "uL n in the interior of the country. Duri uring the journey from the forest to Fort Dauphin, the cni carried on the back, in loads of 65 Ibs., loses from the heat of the sun a certain part of its weight. At the present moment, the production, together with the loss and cost of transport, comes to 1:05 fes. per Ib. If to this we add the expenses of packing, carriage to the sea, shipping charges, export dues à 0-10 fes. per 1b., the total price per Ib. reaches 1°25 fes. deliv s on board the vessel in the Fort Dauphin Road. From Fort Dauphin Harbour alone there were exported in— 1898 = .. .. 167,857 kilos. (369,285 lbs.) Hte lee Dum 0. (141,288 5. ) eee, See a In the Bene of Majunga, the idu bs is one of the articles of export which occupy the largest place in the local commerce, and its importance increases each day. The rubber a — ajunga comes from Morarano for the most part, from the bay of — Mahajamba, from Namakia, Soalala, Marambitsy, and especially — | Maintirano and Morondava. Ge aed the rubbers from the west coast are produced from * vines," which the natives incise without any > cutting even the roots in order to obtain the largest amount of sap. The most sought after is the “ pink rubber,” but one Kin finds the * ambongo,” * godroa " and * vea.” In the north the caoutchouc is generally prepared by the pon with sulphuric — aes lemon, salt, or juice of the tamarind ; in the south, on the — conirary, it is co agulated with salt only. The value of the latter | in Ser is inferior to that of the he ubber prepared with sulphuric acid is worth at the moment from 350 fes. to 360 per 100 kilos. (220 Ibs. ), whilst "hol rubbers hardly fetch 300 fes. per 100 kilos. There were exported— From Majunga, in 1896, 19,445 kilos.; in 1897, 41,448 kilos. From Nossi Bé, in n 1896, 11,340 kilos.; in 1897, 40, 766 kilos. From Nossi Vé,i in 1896, 122,313 kilos.; in 1897, 122, 129 kilos. As soon as roads become more numerous in Madagasca r, the 3 colonists ‘who wish to devote themselves to a rational cultivation and working of rubber will obtain good results; but they must act with judgment, and not take from the plant more latex than it can reasonably produce EN A e er Sr rri 39 The botanical identity of the Madagascar rubber-yielding pane is obscure. It is much to be M Mr that the French botanist do not investigate it "aid clear it M. Henri Ries has devotel- a ‘chapter to the subject in his " Der Pun d Caoutchouc et à Gutta dans les Colonies Finot” "pb. 104 -116 (1898). Of the “ vines ” hestates that the most valuable is the Vahy (Landolphia madagascariensis). Other forms of the native name are no doubt the Vahea and Vea men- tioned ahove. It appears to yield * pink rubber. Intisy isa small leafless Euphorbiaceous tree. It is certainly the shrub described by Mr. Kingdon. tens he terms the “ large bulbous root” is probably the fleshy ste Little appears to be known about the hindaja except that it isa tree of fifty feet in height. It may be conjectured that it is an undescribed Tabernæmontana. The late M. Raoul sent to Kew a specimen of what he described as the “ bei rubber-yielding plant in South Madagascar,” which appeared to = new species of that genus, or possibly a MM! 'enhasi he Godot is a small tree, perhaps also Apocynaceous, DCXLIII.—SKIRRET. (Sium Sisarum, Linn.) Enquiries have been adäressed to Kew as to the cultivation in China and Japan, for the manufacture of sugar, of the skirret (Sium M m The skirret, which was commonly grown asa Mis Sarees in Tri in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, is now but o be seen, the potato having in a very large measure Ne j^ ges contributed chiefly to its neglect. It is a member of the Natural related parsnip and carrot, which is added a slight Piedi A heir allied Ptol the celery. Sugar, which gives this sweetness to the skirret, occurs in the roots of other species of Sium. S. Ninsi, a plant found in Japan, sweet roots used medicinally, and the roots of S. latifolium of Europe and North America contain much sugar, here associa with a poisonous resin (see Porter in Pharmaceutical Journal, ser. 9, vii., p. 174). he sweetness of the roots of Kium Si en has obtained for e moor him d these first Mepdelmitite * a sugar resembling 40 the best yellowish St. Thomas, known as Moscovade.” He extracted sugar by two processes : the first consisted in drying the roots and powdering them, and then extracting with alcohol ; by which method he obtained from } 1b. of dried white beet 4 drach described above produced ; after obtaining the sugar from the skirret roots he allowed the liquor left to ferment, getting an alcohol; and by allowing the starch to settle he obtained a powder, such as was then used for powdering the hair. Marggraf recognised that the white beet gave more sugar than tke skirret, but the skirret more than the red beet. From, the parsnip and the wild earrot he failed to obtain sugar. When, in 1799, Achard, at the request of the Prussian Government, repeated Marggraf's work, it was with the white beet that he experimented, pa thereby the practical foundation of the modern industry. wo analyses of skirret roots have been made. Parmoniage (nde D’O rbigny, Dictionnaire @Histoire naturelle, * Sium” ) obtained 8 per cent. of sugar ; Saee ( Bulletin de la S ociété d' Aceli- matation, ii., 1855, p. 561) obtained 6*6 per cent. Sacc’s analysis gave the eine realia 1— In 100 parts. 62-41 Pu and TE Lad ui zt i 1:91 Starch 5 ios hen EF A 18:09 Cane-sugar rs = a za 6°60 Proteids ... a a ie a 2:09 Soluble salts = ET had E Laz Pectie acid yi si Pes n. T Gum me = a 2 0:53 Sacc advocated the ee Mn of the P He obtained roots rue $ lb. to 33 lbs., the average being a little below 1$ lbs. As calculated (Dupuis, Revue Horticole, ser. iv., v., p. 305), this yield should give 76 tons to the acre; but, as Sace’ 8 plants were grown in very favourable cond tions, such an amount is probably considerably above what may be e The skirret is steadily going out of cultivation. In Great Britain, under the name of “ visis ioc it persisted in the extreme north ot | Seotland, after ceasing to be grown in England. In Scan dinavia Schuebeler (Die Phaneinivelt Norwegens, Christiania, 1873-5, P- 280) says that he had only seen it near Christiania, and that sparingly. In France, as Paillieux and Bois, authors of Potage! a d'un curieux tell us, in the north and about Paris skirret is only known as a name, and M. H. L. de Vilmorin writes that he is not — | aware that it is grown for market anywhere in France, but that it may be found in old-fashioned gardens, chiefly in the west and — south of France from Tours to Nimes and Avignon. In Gerd and Austria it seems to be but little eultivated, the seed to main- : tain it in the few gardens, where it now exists, being, rin to Herr Ludwig Móller, importea yearly from Fran + Thus is the vegetable which in 1682 was Maid to be “the : sweetest, whitest, and most pleasant of roots” Daher Spe Horticulture, P. 185) fast disappearing from garden ens, ` 41 The history of its introduction into cultivation is very obscure. It is commonly stated that it came from China, but this is pro- bably incorrect. No one except Loureiro ren to have seen Chinese specimens, and there is reason to think that this botanist, Japan, and then apparently as a ee iy plant. Maximowicz (Melanges biologiques, ix., decas xiii., p. 17) accepts it as wild in ltai Mountains and Nort keth rsia. To Marco Polo has been attributed the credit of bringing it from Central Asia to Europe, but without sufficient evidence. More recently medecin: (Botanisches Centralblatt, 25, p. v: has given reason for th g that, besides inhabiting entra a, it occurs wild in Podole sid Volhynia in S.W. Russia. FE this region, he thinks, it was introduced into Qu many by some Micha ; as early almost as the Norman conquest of England. There is no great improbability aboutthis. Certainly, of the names Gore da to it in various European languages, all, with two exceptions, appear akin to its German names, and may well be the result of carrying those names with it as it travelled from a German starting-point. 1y by such statements as that of ves coii uy Serr T a Br the irret came into France from Ger nis that of Simon te (1613), who, according Bosipfinski, says that it was roduced into Galicia from Mai gorp up the evidence, which language affords, upon the migration of the epee we commence with an old German name * Gerle " or “ Girel," ged, according to pede n 1160. This transferred to the Sack language has bec = Girole, " and by the addition of moren (Móhre — a carr ren i esculent root) became “ Gritzelmóren " in Hesse, and “ Kritzelmore " or t * Krotzelmore " in other parts of ie German Empire. Thence it is easy to trace the Polish * Krucmorka” or * Kucmerka," and the Russian * Kuczmerka.” The Germans, however, originated, amongst others, a descriptive name, “ Zucke rwurzel," and this gave rise, it seems, directly or indirectly to the Danish * Sokerot, ud the Dutch * Suikerwortel, " and our English * Skirwort" or the tran incoming Skirret. From this second French name would come the Spanish * Chirivia." Thus have we three sets of names; the first derived from Girel, and common to the Russian, Polish, Seien and French languages ; the second er, of rman origin, and common to the Anglo-Saxon races; the third apparently of French origin, and common wu French and Spanish. Without dragging this form of evidence into too great prominence, we may still see in it some indication of the way in which the plant eiie. discussion has wandered through Europe. The least widely spread names are likely to be the most modern, and the most obscure in meaning and cause of application the most ancient, And thus this points towards a German centre of persal Whether the French word “Berle” has any common origin with “ Ge ” does not seem to have been discussed ; nor has the origin of the Scotch word “ Crummock ” been clearly traced, 39282 N B AN 42 Some writers have thought with the early botanists, such as Fuchifos and Mattioli, that the Romans grew this plant. But if of Podolian = Asiatic origin, and introduced to pom about 1100 A then the *Siler" which served the Rom as vegetable, and a a superior form of which the Emperor "Tiberius eaused to be brought as an annual tribute from the Rhine (Pliny, Historia Naturalis liber xix., cap. 5), is not the skirret; and, indeed, the statement that the roots needed dishing up with honey to counteract their bitter taste almost proves this. = either Columella’s nor Pliny’s plant appe - to be Sium Sisaru England and France do not seem to have received the. ‘skirret until the sixteenth century, ag once introduced into these countries it was for more than a century in considerable favour - either fried or boiled, or as a salad with penes odorata. Italso seems to have had a medicinal use , just as Sium Ninsi is said to have in the far East, as S. nodi iflorum — had in the London Pharmacopeeia, and as S. latifolium in Franc en tells us a. every German iretur in his day contained — ; but we have seen, this country, which appears to have | didtriboted it to Wein Europe, now hardly grows it. DOXLIV.—CACAO IN ECUADOR. (4 Kew is indebted to a correspondent for the following interesting — ei ane of the production of Cacao in Ecuador. The par ies EC given wit spect to Cacao blanco (Theobroma bicolor) à eee for though it has not found its way into ioci the richne cá = beans in fat may some day lead to their being turned to nt. Trees have produced pods in the Botanie Gardens at Trinidad, and Tes have been reared from the seeds. SNR. J. V. SIGVALD MÜLLER to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. cjo Sucesores de Rafael Valdez, uayaquil, Ecuado September 17, "1898. DEAR pun By sample post I forward to-day beans of Cacao Machala (fine) and of C FE blanco, which also comes from Machala 0 the coast south here. 1, Guayaquil will this os SEDET above 3,500,000 Ibs. ot Cacao, ires makes 200, 000 b 2. All this i yi done with great care, and sometimes three to four days are used in the process. But it is said that only one day is often used. for the Cacao S from Balaoand Machala. Anyhow, it we 43 fermenting—which some German writer has called the rotting process—that kills the seeds and develops the colour which the nibs show when the seeds or beans are sliced lengthways. The colour should be chocolate brown and perfectly even. Badly fermented beans show the cotyledons greenish or bluish in part. If the seeds are not fermented, they will sprout in the sacks and destroy everything. It seems that the southern growers only think about getting the vitality "erui while the * Arriba " planters take very great care while doing 4. The harvest is over with the end of July, but hat is only the main crop. All the year round the gathering of the fruits goes on, but only the top price is pure! attained for the main erop. Then * Arriba" is $2 to $3 above —— and Machala, and not only el (equal 25d.), as now, between the three sorts. "A September last Cacao Arriba stood at $29. Balao at $28, an Machala at $27 per — of 100 Mean: (equal 1015 Erelich pounds about). (In this land of the metre, Spanis 8. anc English two-foot i X Spanish ee are really in use, the yard being “ una rara.' ) 9. Just below the foot of the western slopes of the Western Cordilleras of Los Andes, the Cacao grows wild in dense bush. Monkeys are known to have enlarged such natural gathering grounds or formed new ones god them. The tree is inclined to grow with many stems, but to be productive the stems are here reduced to two or three. When planted they must have some shade trees or bananas among them, but otherwise they are left to themselves, except as to cutting out stems, In Trinidad (ex- porting about half against Ecuador) the trees are topped and kept low and wide apart. 6. There is no doubt the whole Guayaquil crop of red Caca comes from one species, and this is the same that is zn u and there planted in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. In (North Ecuador) a is at least one other variety, w mild vum or nearly roundish fruits, but I have never succeeded in getting specimens. "The beans are sold with those of the common n The drawing of leaf and flowers and fruits in Treasury of Botany exactly represents the Ecuadorean or Guayaquil ee (but the bean is ov: . sample of * Machala ” Cacao forwarded is so good in quality that i it irri comes up to “ Arriba," which also proves that it originates from the same tree. Fine “ Arriba” is nearly bright red. Ge ge * Machala C and inferior * Arriba" dark brown to very dark umber. (The beans are finally dried here on the streets or quays along the river The Cacao ws only succ ecessfully on certain stretches of the immense delta of the River Guayas and the more southern rivers. It requires an alluvial yellow loam as a subsoil, as far as I can see. here grass will grow Cacao will not be a success. It is a forest tree from the si (but not generally flooded) borders of great rivers under the tropics. Eho plantations on the Cacao estates are in larger or smaller patc The * Arriba" Cacao rs mostly from the province “ Los Rios,” Guayaquil being in the Province * Guayas," and Los Rios being the delta higher up, “before the main river Guayas i is formed, 3282 : B 2 44 Whether the original home of the Cacao-tree is the Amazo Valley or Ecuador, from Esmeraldas to the arid coast of Peru, is a question. There are two Cordilleras with * Paramos," or snow carried across eastwards and thus into the Orinoco delta and on to Trinidad, etc.; Caracas being a centre, the one nearest to Guayaquil. or plant, as Sigsigbamha (Sigsig=a flowering reed, if I remember rightly ; Bamha=a plain). 9. Amongst the Cacao from Machala comes what is called “ Cacao blanco ” (Theobroma bicolor). It is very rare among the ^ Arriba." The seeds or beans are very similar and the pod somewhat similar, but the leaf is different. The cotyledons of * Cacao blanco " are white, and when fresh taste like an almond, and are very oily. These seeds are, as far as possible, picked out market. There is an additional reason for this. Neither rats or other animals eat the Cacao bean, as far as I know, but rats are very eager to get at the * Cacao blanco " bean sack to get at a single bean. But in Spain, and I suppose in v B E 4 E m [e] u d o d e er of the abundant oil in the bean. Whether the admixture of this spurious Cacao tree in the southern plantations is the result of negligence or ignorance, or whether it has been made to meet the : Spanish taste, I have not as yet formed an opinion, but the = odern. Wh E Quito was first occupied by the Shirris, a coast tribe from Puna . (the island in the Gulf of Guayas) perhaps, they got to Quito from — Bahia (not the Brazilian de San Salvador), due west of Quito. De la Condamine in 1738 went also from Guayaquil up the coast, and, I believe, as far as I can understand it, got to Quito by the track from Esmeraldas, which he struck coming from ia. The present route vid Los Rios (called vid Bahahay) was made use of by his companions who had preceded him, but the delta must then hardly have been fit for cultivation of any sort. i Anyhow, the “Cacao blanco" cannot be indigenous to that present great centre for the cultivation of Cacao, As far as E know, the “Cacao blanco" is never shipped by itself. The workmen and employés eat most of them. zd The Cacao comes to Guayaquil taken out of the pods and fermented and partly dried, This last is better done in Guayaquil, 45 which for months has no rain at all. As it comes down it is Yous ids (Signed) J. V. SIGVALD MÜLLER The Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. DCXLV.—IMPROVEMENT OF SUGAR-CANE BY CHEMICAL SELECTION. the Kew Bulletin for 1894 (pp. 86-96), 1897 (p. 318), and 1898 (pp. 331-334), account was given of the method pursued at Calumet Plantation, Louisian na, and subsequently in Queensland This is based on the known variability of cultivated pana and the consequent Ponin of enhancing any de sired character by the continued selection of the plants in which that ee is pe marked. As long ago as 1886 it had been pointed out in a letter to the Colonial Office from Kew that the saccharine contents of the sugar-cane could be improved by d gues selection quite ne of reproduction by se ovell’s results at Barbados nave attracted the attention of ation in East Java. He has lately favoured us with the following interesting letter, viduas is printed for the information of those working on the subject DIRECTOR, E TNR EXPERIMENT orice EAST JAVA, o ROYAL GARDENS, KEW Pasoeroean, March 26, 1899. DEAR SIR, IN the * Report of the results obtained on the reg fields at Dodd’s Reformatory, 1897,” I see that you suggested t Wien to try the selection of sugar-cane by chemical indi si of ‘the Nearly three years ago I proposed the same to the principals of the experimental station at une oean. As I myself was appointed Director in the same year a | commenced after my and of nearly the same age might show a difference in available sugar of from 7 to 8) per cent. I concluded therefrom that it necessary to select cane-clumps. When the juice of a whole cane-clump, except the ge has a great amount of available sugar 46 every cane of the clump must have it also, and the chance that its descendants are rich in sugar is greater than when some canes are very rich and others of the same clump are very poor, and the cuttings of these rich canes used for selection. After I had arrived at this conclusion, I analysed 5,000 cane-clumps belonging to five varieties, and selected 10 per cent of the highest and 10 per Since then I have reaped the canes grown from these cuttings, and found that the descendants of the rich canes contained 1} per cent. more available sugar than the descendants of the poor canes (average of 3,200 analyses). I was astonished to find that the rich canes’ descendants were heavier than the descendants of the poor canes. I continued the selection with canes from other varieties or other fields (5,700 analyses), and found as a general rule that the ich canes were the heaviest, and also that the heaviest canes were the richest in available sugar. I concluded from this that both a high content of available sugar and a heavy weight are inherited by the descendants. I selected 30,000 kgs. rich canes and 10,000 kgs. poor canes for cuttings, and these showed again the same properties. mention these investigations which, perhaps, escaped your attention, as the pamphlets are written in Dutch. But you would er them worth making known to sugar growers in the West ndies. I am, &c., ; (Signed) J. D. KOBUS. The Director, oyal Gardens, Kew. DCXLVL—A BUDGET FROM YUNNAN—continued. The following letters are in continuation of those printed in the Kew Bulletin for 1898, pp. 289-297 :— EXTRACT from letter from Dr. A. Henry, F.L.S., to Royal Gardens, Kew, dated Szemao, par Laokay, Tongking, November 29, 1898. | Collecting goes on apace; and I think the Szemao collection . | will fully equal that of Mengtze, and it will be considerably: different, wonderfully so when one considers that the two places many species are common). Here (6-10 species) Castanopsis (3 Spp.), 47 (3 spp.), Anneslea, are quite strange to one coming from Mengize. I have just found Quereus lamellosa, a splendid tree, with enormous beautiful acorns and very pretty foliage. The seeds of the Castanopsis are edible, fairly so, and I daresay if as much of the tree brings the seeds down in zen e ae small we are provided with a mallet for this purpose. I came across a Buddleia the other day (of which you grita aie cimens trom Mengtze). It has very thick coriaceous leaves, covered with white own underneath ; and, growing as it does in masses on the highest parts of the mountains, it is very effective. The curious Pyrus Delavayi is very common here, and occurs also high up. It has large fruits, very like an apple, and fairly edible ; indeed, it is the best wild Pyrus I have tasted. The ovules are four in ea ach ren thus establishing a passage to the quince. Of these last two send seeds. fus Ses o Era u now are three species Desmodium, which a The Cyrtandree are numerous, an quite distinct Yon Kos of Mengtze. Of one era little one, with orange flowers, I have obtained a lot of seed. The natural orders here are represented very peculiarly. I haven’t seen a Crucifer ; and Compositæ will, I think, rank in number of species uite below many orders. One, a Ver nonia, is a dee sized tree. nd of icus, of course, is strongly B dicitis and i every ki habi One h inflorescences borne on long peu pr which start m the root and lower part of the branch and stretch over the ground for 20, 30, or more feet. haven't seen a rose, but, as usual, I have two or three very gene Rubi. Ardisia is very MIR Be ; and, very curiously, all occur together, 7.¢., all in ravines, and they flower ve at the same time ; so tiefe does not seem to be any competition h i e frui remain on for several months, red or black, as the case may be. Just now the most S Md ard thing is the occurrence of so many kinds of white berries of a consistency like jelly. ie is common in Cyrtandree, certain Rubiaceæ, and even the nutlets of some woody Labiatæ are of this curious en e, not to speak of Mesa, Chloranthus, &c. None of these occurred at Mengtze, so far as I saw, although, of course, some were collected for me in the more distant PUMA Rhododendron only two species, but very beautiful shru By a glance at the newly-described d you will see that quite a number came from Mi-Le, which is considerably north of engtze ; and I think the north-east of Yunnan and Kweichow mere scratch of an exploration. Hundreds of such trips can be made in Szechwan, Hupeh, Kweichow, and Shensi, and you may quote this opinion to people who wish to get out the seed- e rsen E I advocated. In fact, iene the great region nort , of the Himalayas is explored, people 48 will have no idea of the richness of the world in beautiful plants. I look upon this region as the central point from which the Temperate Flora has originated, or has been broken up into numberless species I note what you say about fluviatile shrubs; but here I am quite confined to my office and cannot get away on trips, and so I am unable to make observations in quantity. I am also spending a lot of time at the study of the Lolo language, as I think it a pity to leave such an interesting field unexplored. I have completed a good-sized dictionary, and translated a number of booklets. There is much to be done Nc in the study of living plants, but, alas! I haven't the time. I am dependent, sed for the great richness of my collections in alarge measure on the excellent native, old Ho, who is working for me here as he did at Mengtze. The handling of the collec- tions, labelling, packing, keeping free from insects and mould takes up a good deal of time indeed. My Yunnan numbers now reach 3.700, i.e., 1,200 new ones since the Mengtze collection. I scarcely find. the Hasan surroundings so interesting as Mengtze, s the forests are very uniform, and high mountains don't occ I hope that the turn of the Service wheel may he way p^ which the flora changes as one goes westward from — Kwangsi ores deni and from Mengtze to Szemao. m 9 pıcking in with the Szemao set a number of plants sent me from Lungchow by Mr. Morse; but two packets of duplicates 2 € et ges sent by him were destroyed i fire 7? the Manhao; a very annoying accident He found T pilice een Hance, which is a wonderfully Beautiful tree. I hope you will succeed in growing San-ch’i. It should re tried in the shade; and er will be of benefit, this is done by the ‘cultivators. This plant is mainly cultivated by the Yao aborigines who live in the mountains from Kwangsi east to near here. These = eople are a at sub-genus Er ress i addicted to little cultures, such as of indigo, San-ch'i, &c. Their language is unlike that of any of the other aborigines ; ; and they merit a study. : I am too far north for Benzoin. You ought to write in connection with it to the Consul of Chiengmai, in Siam. ‘a EXTRACT from letter from Dr. A. Henry, F.LS., to R oyal jardens, Kew, dated Szemao, par Laokay, Tongking, a December 20, 1898. Collecting still goes on, and I have two boxes of Szemao plants ready for Kew. There will be quite a large number of pete hitherto supposed to be Indian only. I have just found Clematis 49 smilacifolia, which is a very grand plant indeed. e is into flower now in the shade of the woods an Hdge- worthia, which, I think, is new, as the leaves are iliret and are also persistent. Like most of the plants which grow in shade only, the flowers are white. As at Men ngtze, this is the best season for plant collecting; the we oat ard emake dry, and there are almost as many plants in the spring, t.e., in the forests. In the dry, étpolédi hills "he grass is withered brown, and eee is some appearance of winter effects; but in the protection of the ravines there is, as it were, spring. The temperature this morning was 4° C. only. You remarked in your last letter that the Ginseng plant did not Marce with you. You ought to try in the case of the low toda over which leaves are sprea ad as a roof, so that the plants only get a glimmering light. After the first year the plants are always transplanted, and still kept growing under the sheds just mentioned. In a similar way Coptis Teeta is cultivated. These plants cannot apparently bear any direct sunlight. Some of Morse's Lungchow plants will go forward with my next Ben He found Lysidice, a remarkable Cwsalpiniacea, which must be a en beautiful tree, also a species of Aden m a Malpighiac genus not hitherto recorded from China, etc. He is now at t Pakhoi, ind I hope to receive some plants from there from him. I hope the revolving iin of the Service may send me to of rivalling Delavay's collections from the mountains near Tali. I am, of course, satisfied with Szemao, as it is really very interest- ing in many ways; but I ee a away on trips, and my short excursions are limited to forests which are very uniform in character. Andina mountainous country one likes to have two or three distinct floras to wo My Lolo studies are se on. I have found out many curious things in their writings. The occurrence of Taboo is interesting, I think—in the way it occurs. Each s urname, as a rule, nee a tree or animal name, and the bearers of the surname can’t touch in any way the tree or anita belonging to them. This jase or animal is, however, not considered sacred or an object of worship. ases are—nearly all—explained as the visitation of evil the word which e expresses the thing exactly. This ditag omen—Slo-taæ in Lolo, is some uncanny occurrence cow, e.g., getting on the rout of a house is sure to bring trouble in the way of illness ; and the s/o-ta here concerned rhust be averted by reading an appropriate ritual. The Lolos have a rigid enough set of morals; but they are entirely devoid, A think, of the idea of s/n. "They are very severe on theft, and a man, e.g., cutting down a tree which blocks the path is Moose to do wrong, but a man getting drunk, that is not considered a wrong. In other words, they have the concep- ion of wrongs, done by one person to another—infractions against 50 tribal rules, &c.---but of sin in the individual, hurting the individual himself, there is no trace, I think any idea of sin as an offence against spirits or gods. "There are good and bad spirits—but they all seem really to be obnoxious, ùe., causing disease and calamity; and they are worshipped by sacrifice and ritual, or by sacrifice and exorcism (a more suitable term, perhaps). Here the Buddhist doctrine of transmigration and a Hades has affected the Lolos ; but one can see it is a late ee and has no bearing on their lives. They have no idols; and their only priests are the Pé-mo or Exorcists, who are a in virtue f the fact that they can read the appropriate rituals, 2.e., Pé-mo = priest = exorcist = literatus. The priest and the scholar are not as yet differentiated. Witches, of course, occur. They have also an ordeal which is curious. It is also very difficult to account for their legends of the deluge, of Cyclopean men with one eye, &c DCXLVIL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Mr. Isaac HENRY BURKILL, M.A., late Temporary Assistant in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed Principal Assistant in the Director's Office, Mr. Burkill was a scholar of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and Assistant Curator of the University Herbarium. He received the Walsingham medal in 1894, Mr. HENRY HAROLD WELCH PEARSON has been appointed by the Secretary of State for India in Council, Assistant (for agr in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, in succession tapf, promoted to be a Principal Assistant. Mr. Pearson i Assistant Curator of the University Herbarium, Cente Smart Student, Gonville and Caius College, and, as Wort Travelling Student, visited Ceylon in 1897. Mr. THOMAS WILLIAM BROWN, a member of the Gardening Staff of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Acting Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, Gold Coast, during the absence on leave of the Curator, Mr. W. H. Johnson. Mr. J. R. WIGMAN, son of the Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg, Java, entered Kew for a course of training in d has been appointed Curator a anp en Gardens, Para- , in Dutch Guiana. He “I am forming je den on the site of an a Pe plantatton: half an 51 hour’s walk from Paramaribo. It is almost overgrown again with forest, and it lies so low that it gets mea during the rains. am at present occupied in clearing and draining, making roads of the felled trees, s opening ditches to carry off the water. Along the roads I am planting Cassia florida, Peltophorum arboreum, Albizzia PU wn and Eucalyptus alba." Botanical Magazine for February.—Gentiana Burseri is a robus allied to G. punctata. The specimen rd was sent to Kew by the Rev. Canon C. J. Parker, of Mol ses Cheyney, Bristol. Eleagnus macrophylla, native of Japan and Formosa, is note- wort. y chie y on acc ount of its bright rose-red fruits, which mature in May The drawing was made from a specimen received from re Veitch’s ee Wood Nurseries. The pretty Burmese Dendrobium capillipes was sent to Kew more than a quarter of a century ago by the late Rev. C. Parish. Ceanothus integerrimus, from California, is an ornamental shrub with small white or pale-blue flowers crowded together in a large terminal panicle. "The species has been in cultivation at Kew for many years. Epilobium obcordatum, also from California, is a beautiful plant for the rock-garden. it grows about 8 inches high and bears rather large, bright rose-coloured flowers, in the axils of the upper leaves. A living plant was sent to Kew by H. Selfe Leonard, Esq., of Hitherbury, Guildford, in 1894. Botanical Magazine for March.— Dryandra calophylla is a dwarf shrubby plant, resembling some of the species of Banksia, to which genus andra is closely related. All the species of Dryandra are endemic to Western Australia, the one figured being from King George's Sound, whence seeds were obtained by Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea, who communicated them to Kew in 1893. Passiflora pruinosa is a handsome new species from British — The m en Tarnished the specimen drawn was raised from seed reċeived from Everard $ im Thurn, Esq., S Cape Colony, whence it was intr trodu ced fito cultivation by Mr. Max Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden. The Kew plant was dtes from the Cambridge Botanic Garden in 1897, and flowered for first time in the Bóndends House in April, 1898. Gynapleura humilis is an interesting annual belonging to the Passiflorace Seeds were sent to Kew from the Botanic Gardens of Gilde. 1 in Chili, of which country the species is a native. Rosa acicularis, var. nippone wie id solitary flowers with long narrow calyx lobes, which e ually converge and surmount the mature fruit, and deep m el petals. The variety differs from the type in having glandular nn on the young branches and pamaus Seeds were received from the Botanic Garden, Sophie in Sri from which the plant figured was raised. 52 Karoo plants.—Visitors to No. VII. House at Kew, which is mainly devoted to South African species, will have noticed a collection of plants of the most singular aspect. Nature seems to have aimed, and with entire success, at obtaining the maximum of bulk with the minimum of surface from which water could be the Zwarteberg w ebted for them e unceasing ae ar of its old in Professor uc iy d as PS rnment Botanist of Cape Colony. he following iterating letter relates to some recent Eve el i of peculiar interest :— PROFESSOR MACOWAN to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Matjesfontein, My DEAR FRIEND, October 5, 1898. BY way of rustication, I aa myself for a few a here in the Karoo, a dry and thirsty land where no water is, unless you pump it up from the boasi of the earth. There has, therefore, been opportunity to find for you the Crassula p whined alas for which =~ were sighing in a not very ancient letter. Being taken in a very dry time, and after the flowering se 'ason, there is all the better chance of the specimens sent reaching you in condition. I have found in practice at the Botanic Garden that every plant which we succeeded in flowering invariably died off after that piece of pbysiologie work. Hence it will be well to give your trouble to the smaller specimens, and not to bother about the few sent with the dry flower-heads still adhering to the stem apex. With these are a good many of the common and uncommon objects of the Karoo: two species of Pelargonium of the humpty- dumpty sort, and another, not previously seen by me, with a string of succulent stem-joints, large white ne and pale creamy yellowish-white flowers—a pretty little thing. Euphorbia Hystrix i is here—a very comical plant. When the tufts are elliptical in shape it looks exactly like a great green hedge-hog, more like that evil beast than like the legitimate rad “ iron-pig," or les cii after which = a ge ret name. There seems to be underground e caudex, from which, by copious branching, all "eripi. "Model huddled ramuli take their rise. The plant -I gathered among the rocks above Wapperthal for E. Hystrix differed from this, in that the caudex was distinctly above ground. Perhaps it may be another species, but if it were buried three-quarters under ground it would present exactly the above hedge-hog aspect. I have some 25 ramuli of the Matjesfontein one, ready for exsiccation when I return to town. The Arthrothamnus section of Euphorbia should be cultivated so as to have them properly described, when ? when you get to them. They cannot be described from exsiccata. Moreover, the Ecklon and Zeyher exsiccata of Euphorbia that I have are tuo bad for words. send one common species, which I got out, in such condition that I think it may survive the travel home. Some others, great fles on fellows, are far too big for sending in this little parcel way. The worst of it is, they alter incredibly in aspect when cultivated in the duro atmosphere 53 of Cape Town. A plant with thick corpulent fleshy ramuli will, in culture, make a perfect fool of itself on starting growth after a year’s stay in Cape Town, and, instead of keeping to the old chubby pattern, slims off, which z distinctly unfair to = u horticultural father who has maintaine im. Som figures of E. Caput-Meduse in En lish works, and ii whats are vitiated thus; they make us Capensians lau hope you will e ep to rea wes Mem is > written erg an aged pen, which s to hav n years of s the Karoo, and ink dde burg of etd var of tmt lead and sour beer Now I must give over; the pen is restive. Faithfully, (Signed) Y. MACOWAN. Medallion of Sir wee Hooker.—An addition "né da large collection of portraits of eminent botanists and travellers has recently been made he kind consideration of sie President o of the Linnean Society of London, who e presented a framed cast in bronze of the original model of Sir Joseph Hooker, G.C.S.I., C.B., P.-P.R.S., executed by Mr. Frank Bowcher. It is an excellent portrait of Sir Joseph at the age of 80, and records the completion of the “ Flora of British India” and of a period of sixty years service to science. It has been placed in the Museum. A gold medal, specially Struck for the occasion for which the medallion was 'des signed, was presented to Sir Joseph Hooker at the Anniversary Meeting of the Linnean Society on May 24, 1898. “Congo Sticks.”—We are indebted to Messrs. Henry Howell and Co., of 180, Old Street, for a further contribution to the series of umbrella sticks and walking canes which have from time to time been presented by them to the Museums of the Royal Gardens. The specimens now received are the rough and finished sticks known in the trade as Congo sticks. The word “ Congo” is a purely commercial name, the sticks being saplings of the Chestnut Sentit me um which apparently offers advantages over other woods for manipulation while growing. The sticks are valued are produced by lacerating the bark through to the wood while growing. They were formerly obtained from the north of mde but are no w almot exclusively produced in Austria-Hungary, the m eia district being near Carlstadt, in roatia, Karité Tree.—Messrs. uem Irvine and Co. wrote from Liverpool, 25th August, 1897 “Some months ago I iot to you about a bean which Felix Dubois referred to in his book on *Timbuctoo, and you then stated your conviction that it was the Shea Butter NU ded permum Parkii, Kotschy). 54 The account of it in Dubois’ book whetted my appetite, as its description met a want which I knew to exist in a particular branch of business, and I wrote to him to the care of his publisher, and yesterday I received a most interesting letter from him from the Niger. A copy of it, as far as it refers to the Karité bean, I send for your information ; I daresay the whole of it is already known to you, but it may not be, and, in any event, will be interesting.” [ Enclosure. | Copy of letter from M. Felix Dubois to Mr. James Irvine, dated Dienne, July 2nd, 1897. My publisher forwarded your letter of May 10th, which reaches me here while on a fresh journey in the Niger country It is with the greatest pleasure that I send "you some information respecting the Karité tree. I can do so better from here than elsewhere. At this moment the Karité nuts are ripe— they resemble small green apples. 'lhe green skin is very agreeable to eat ; unfortunately on each fruit there is only a very small capi ee natives likeit very much. Under this skin is a large nut, in size and appearance like the Indian Chestnut (ZEsculus indica, gu ulePe with a thin light brown covering, and inside a whit It is this ne nut Mig gives the Karité butter. It Ep in faet just like chocolate. 'lo our European scent it is even nasty. In fact, this fruit is p. really known in Eu: 2n ont the very slightly scented butter which is produced On the other hand, the travellers (Mungo Park b p who were the first to notice it, probably were never present at the process of making the Karité butter, but contented themselves with the natives' account of the manufacture. Otherwise, certainly that smell of chocolate would have struck them. In order to be rid of that smell the nut must be taken out of the skin and dri When the dried nut is put in boiling water the smell of the chocolate leaves it, and the liquid takes the colour of chocolate. Also, I am told that certain of our officers in the Sondan have the uut roasted and ground, and then use it as chocolat (Signed) inate DUBOIS. Dr. Schweinfurth, in “ The Heart of Africa” hes 1,1 P. = refers in the following words to this useful tree, he sa fruit is as large as a good sized apricot, and is e in a green rind. This envelope can be kept till it is as enjoyable as a Medlar, and is considered one of the chief fruits of the country. From the kernels of this widely known tree an oil is expressed, which, — bed pave of * but za of Galam, is a recognised article of co in Gambia ; it has an unpleasant flavour which a it L not. at Can a lehio anti to the table, and 80, for «d it has but an insignificant value. Its most valuable ope: that at a temperature: of 68° Fahr. it beco mes as solid as tallow. . “The tree ige is very handsome, having a bark which is regularly mar y polygonal rifts in its surface, and which permits it to to bel likened to an oak," 55 A full account of what was known at the time of the Shea Butter Tree, together par details gathered from Mungo Park's Travels. will be found in the Pharmaceutical Journal (Vol. IX. [ser. 3], es p. 81 Fas In Museum No. 1 e 69, are specimens fully illustrating cs indiistrial ae ‘of this tree, together with examples of t seeds as they appear in commerce. It may be well to set EN: that the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens contains a specimen of a variety collected at Borgu, by Mr. Barter, which is small-leaved, and flowers three weeks before the ordinary tree. Stapelia gigantea, N. E. Brown. Recent discoveries point to the fact that in size and distribution this plant is the most remarkable of the whole tribe of Stapelieæ. Not only has it very much larger flowers, but its geographical range is vastly more extensive than any other known species, as the plants of this tribe are notably somewhat local or restricted in their distribution. S. gigantea was originally discovered by Mr. R. W. Plant, whilst collecting in Zululand, and at his death a living ud was brought, with the rest of his belongings, by his Caffir servants to Durban, Natal, where it is recorded as having flowered in 1860; and a por- on the en Range, à nd near the Nylstroom River, in the Transvaal. In 1887 a specimen and a living plant were sent to Kew by Professor MacO wan, collected at Walfisch Bay, in Great Namaqualand, quite the other side of the Continent. And; lastly, specimens were sent to Kew, in 1897, from British Central Africa, y Mr. Kenneth J. Cameron, who states that it is “found growing wild at Namasi," in Nyasaland. This species has a ra nge, erue fore, through about thirteen degrees of latitude and se degrees of longitude, being found within and without qe ee and on both sides of the Continent of Africa. N. E. BROWN. Serenoa serrulata as a remedy.—The Desine letter draws attention to the therapeutical value of the se f the “Saw Palmetto,” which is abundant in the sandy piers of the Southern United States. A previous and more detailed MET will be found in the Planters’ Gazette (May 31st, 1879, 123). A tanning extract is obtained from ng leaf-stalks ; see ae tical Journal, July 6th, 1895, p. 4 PROFESSOR C. S. SARGENT TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. A | Harvard University, maica Plain, Mass., February 4th, 1899. My DEAR DYER, We are sending you by express a small box area various seeds fe a supply of fruit of Serenoa serrulata for the Economic Museum. This fruit is now very largely used in this country in 56 the preparation of fluid extracts, about two hundred and fifty tons ns . highly prized for the treatment of all diseases of the mucous membrane, and especially for the alleviation of troubles of the prostate gland. Faithfully yours, (Signed) C. S. SARGENT. Sir William Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G., Royal Gardens, Kew Chinese Nora Fungus. — The ONE communication relates to a fungus, apparently new’ to science, no account of which, or of its supposed virtues, appears » exist in the literature of Chinese medicira It will be désaribed as Paxillus Osteopwon, Mass. Mrs. E. L. KEMP TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Beechwood, Rochda August "fih, 1897. SIR, I MUST apologise for troubling you, but my daughter has sent home the enclosed Mongolian mushrooms from China, and is anxious to know, if possible, what species they are largely used there as medicine for diseases of the bone, and with good results. If you can give me any information about them I shall feel very much obliged. Yours Iu e (Signed) EwmiLY L. KEMP. ah ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. No. 149-150.] MAY and JUNE. [1899. DCXLVIII.—CAMPHOR. (Cinnamomum Camphora, Nees.) Enquiries continue to be made as to the cultivation of the tree producing this substance. A brief note was given in the Kew anapara ety small. A new lication is, however, likely to increase its consumption, edite: indefinitely. This is described in thefollowing words by Sir Frederick Abel, in a letter printed in the Bulletin :— *'lhis substance has been used extensively for many years NDA which is applied to the manufacture of imitation ivory, tortoise-shell, horn, and a great variety of purposes. An excellent account one pave gig history and economic applinatione of the cam was issued in 1897 by = Division of Botany of ihe "United States Department of Agr culture, Circular No. 19. It is — n with some slight condensation :— * DESCRIPTION. “ The camphor tree is an evergreen, related to the bay and to the sassafras of the United States. In its native habitat it attains a helgat of 60 to 100 feet, with wide-spreading branches and a trunk 20 to 40 inches in diameter. The leaves are broadly lanceo- late in form, acuminate at both base and apex, of a light green colour, smooth and shining above and whitish or glaucous on the under surface. The lower pair of lateral veins are more prominent than the others, but the leaves are not as distinctly 3-nerved as 5412—1375—799 Wt 92 D&S 29 58. those of the cinnamon and many other species of the genus. The small white or. greenish-white flowers are borne in axillary n, and are followed in October by berry-like, one-seeded fruits about three-eighths of an inch in diameter. The fruiting pedicels ter- minate in a saucer-shaped disk, persisting after the mature fruit has fallen. “NATIVE RANGE. * The camphor tree is native in the coast countries of Eastern Asia from Cochin China nearly to the mouth of the Yang-tse- kiang, and on the adjacent islands from the southern part of the Japanese Empire, including Formosa and the Loochoo Islands, to Hainan, off the coast of Cochin China. Its range also extends into the interior of China as far as the province of Hupeh, about 500 miles from the coast on the Yang-tse-kiang, in latitude 30? north. This area, extending from 10° to 34° north latitude and from 105° to 130? east longitude, is all embraced in the eastern monsoon region, which is remarkable for abundant rains in summer. : “The camphor trees growing wild in the native range are freezing. The tree is an evergreen, changing its leaves generally in April, aud therefore the winter temperature is a factor of more importance than would be the case with a deciduous tree. * RANGE UNDER CULTIVATION. naturalized in Madagascar. It flourishes at Buenos Ayres. It thrives in Egypt, in the Canary Islands, in south-eastern France, and in the San Joaquin Valley in California, where the summers are hot and dry. Large trees, at least two hundred years old, are growing in the temple courts at Tokyo, where they are subject to a winter of seventy to eighty nights of frost, with an occasional minimum temperature as low as 12? to 16° F. The most northern localities in the United States, where the camphor tree has been grown successfully out of doors, are Charleston and Summerville, in South Carolina, Augusta, Ga., and Oakland, Cal. * At Charleston, Sommerville, and Augusta the trees have with- tood a minimum temperature of 15? F., but they have been protected by surrounding trees and buildings. At Mobile, Ala., the trees have grown and fruited in protected situations, while in exposed places they have been repeatedly destroyed by frosts. While the camphor tree will grow on almost any soil that is not too wet, it does best on a well-drained sandy or loamy soil, and it responds remarkably well to the application of fertilizers. Its growth is comparatively slow on sterile soils, but under favorable — conditions it sometimes grows very rapidly. instance i$ . recorded of a camphor tree in Italy a foot in diameter and 90 feet high, eight years from the seed. Under ordinary conditions, 59 however, such a Bu is not often attained in less than twenty- five years, and such a height is ae et attained in a century. Under favorable conditions an average of 30 feet in height, with trunks 6 to 8 inches in diameter at tlie base, may be expected in trees ten years from the seed. * USES OF THE TREE AND ITS PRODUCTS. * The principal commercial uses of the camphor tree are for the production of camphor and camphor oil. Camphor is employed extensively in medicine. It enters into the composition of many inds of liniments for external application. For Dt it is iod especially in combination with olive oil. It is taken inter- nally for hysteria, nervousness, nervous headaches, Vierte, and me affecting the alimentary canal. It is a specific in cases of typhoid fever ad cholera. Camphor fumes have been used with success in cases of asthma. It pal been used very extensively to rs etc. n camphor oil are used in lac cqu er WGE, The oil is somewhat pee to turpentine, and could doubtless be used b. D n varnishes and shellacs. It is now used in the manufactur toilet soaps. In Japan n and China it d been used for TH iéating ee but it produces a smoky flam “Among the secondary uses of ho amphor tree the most important is for ornamental planting. Its bright evergreen E South America for ornamental purposes. “The wood, with its ee grain, yellow colour, and suscepti- bility to polish, taking a kind of gatin-like finish, is rae ma valua c in cabinetwork, especially for making draw rs, chests, and cupboards proof against inse The leaves add young Brian although they ve pui a slight odour of camphor, are packed with clothing or scattered about unused rooms to guard against insects. “The tree produces an abundance of berry-like fruits, which are used in Japan and China to make a kind of tallow. The fruits are greedily eaten by chickens and birds. * CONDITIONS OF SUCCESSFUL CULTIVATION. * For most of the secondary purposes, the camphor tree my well be cultivated wherever it can be made to live; but commercial distillation, and for the production of wood lor cabinet purposes, it "y st be grown under the most favorable conditions. The minimum winter temperature should not be elow 20? F., and this minimum should be of rare rare occurrence. t rains. Fifty inches of water during warm growing season is desirable, and much more may well be used where the air is very dry. 3412 | A 2 60 * An abundance of plant food, rich in nitrogen, is required for rapid growth, but the kind of ferti lizer that can be most profitably applied will vary according to the character of the soil in each — locality. In the absence of defi ite information in this regard the kind of fertilizer producing most rapid growth of wood in the orange or in other fruit trees may be taken as an index * PROPAGATION. ER VH oct NEW ind uere STE ALIE TET CAE REA is * Camphor trees may be grown either from seed or from cuttings. They are usually grown from seed, as the trees fruit abundantly, and seedlings can be grown more easily than cuttings. The seeds are collected at maturity in October and November, and after drying are packed in sharp white sand or some similar — - : material to keep them fresh until the time of planting in spring. About = last of March they are sown in drills in the seed bed. soil of the seed bed should be a good sandy loam mixed er abe one-third leaf mould. The seed bed should be kept moist, but not too wet, and should be shaded from the direct rays of the sun if the weather is warm. The best soil temperature tor — germinating camphor seeds is from 70? to 75? F. The temperature — . of the atmosphere may be ten degrees higher. The seedlings wil = grow well at higher temperatures, but are likely to lack vigour and hardiness. *'lhe seedlings may be grown in pots, which will facilitate transplanting at any time, or they may be transplanted in nursery rows early in April Mes one year old. Plants two years old are — gehopitiy s regarded as best for final planting. At this age they vary from 20 to 40 inches in height. Ben, RE d : "pe " Pa tr ater Ae I Eo N I a A RE, * PLANTING AND CULTIVATION. “In Japan, where the law requires that a new tree shall be set out for every one cut, they are not generally set in straight orchard ; rows, but cultivation there is performed almost ~ by hand labour. There are no records showing results of regular | orchard planting, eed ee distances at which one should be _ planted must be determined by the size and form of the trees . and the methods of Elan and of procuring the gum. They may be set closely in rows about 10 feet apart, and alternate rows = and reset every five years, thus producing bush-like plants 0 n years’ growth. They may be planted in checks 10 feet square, e alternate trees cut every ten or twelve years, or they may planted in larger checks, and all of the trees be cut at the age of fifteen or twenty years. z here are not sufficient data obtainable upon which to base =. deitate statements as to the best methods of planting, or the age me at which the trees may be cut with greatest profit. A recent | English consular report from Japan states that * although hitherto the youngest wood from which camphor was extracted was about 1 seventy to eighty years old, it is expected that under the eem = than twenty years old, 1 pound of erude e ded from 17 Tonnis of leaves and twigs. 61 oe The trees will endure severe pruning with little apparent injury. One-third of the leaves and young shoots ma * DISTILLATION. “ In the native forests in Formosa, Fukien, and Japan, camphor is distilled almost exclusively from the wood of the trunks, roots, and larger branches. The work is performed by hand labour, and the methods employed seem rather crude. Different methods of distillation are employed in different districts, but those in use in the province of Tosa, in Japan, appear to be the most skilful. The camphor trees are felled, and the trunk, larger limbs, an sometimes the roots, are cut into chips by hand labour with a sharp concave adze. [1j stream which runs out of a hole in one side. The smaller one is inverted with its edges below the water, forming an air-tight chamber. This air chamber is kept cool by the water falling on the top and running down over the sides. The upper part of the air chamber is sometimes filled with clean rice straw, on whic the camphor crystallizes, while the oil drips down and collects on the surface of the water. In some cases the camphor and oil are allowed to collect together on the surface of the water and are afterward separated by filtration through rice straw or by ressure. “About twelve hours are required for distilling a tubful by. this method. Then the chips are removed and dried for use in not too great, producing a steady supply of steam ; (2) the steam L t t ; im 2 ; ; = $ 62 “SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS. * Many improvements upon the methods described can doubt- less be made, tending both to a reduction in cost and an increase in the proportion of crude material obtained. Instead of an adze wielded by hand labor a machine similar to the ‘hog’ used for s up waste slabs in sawmills may be used to reduce r limbs to the requisite fineness for distillation. Better distilling apparatus can probably be devised. Thermometers may be introduced to determine the heat in the distilling tub, and the furnace aed be so arranged as to permit better control and greater economy in fuel. Camphor and camphor oil are both slightly soluble in Mtas and the condensing chamber should be improved 80 as to recover the product that is being Bed Carried off in the running stream which cools the cha mber “OUTLOOK FOR FUTURE MARKET. “The consumption of camphor in the United States, as measured by the importations, has been decreasing during the . past ten years, while the price has been increasing. e tariff act approved July 27, 1897, imposes a duty of 6 ae per pound on refined camphor ‘and leaves crude camphor on ihe free list, as heretofore. ere has been an increase in importations of refined camphor, = to improved methods of refining and packing in Japan and to changes in the tariff, but this increase has been much more than counter-balanced by the decrease in importations of crude camphor. e decrease may be attributed to the following causes: (1) the exhaustion of the supply of the available camphor trees near the shipping ports ; (2) the ee restrictions on the trade in camphor in Formosa; (3) government taxes on the exportation of camphor from Formo osa ; m hostilities and wanton destruction of camphor stills by the natives in Formosa ; (5) disturbances in the camphor-producing district of China; (6) the China-Japan wars ; (Tj attempts by speculators to corner the market. * These causes have inereased the price of camphor, and this in turn has led to the introduction of substitutes. Ment thol and ot ther r pe ppermint eism desee or Aes ame carbolic acid and its alin argin of profit at present prices. It is therefore apparent that if "the production of camphor from the trees is to be carried on with profit in this country, and the industry increased to any considerable extent, the price of camphor must be co uced to l : all related to the ordinary iste or Abad but only two bue T rneo camphor and Blumea camphor, are of any importance commercially. _ “Borneo camphor is obtained from the camphor tree of Borneo and Suma obalanops aromatica. It is deposited in clefts and hellows in the wood, and Yes simply to be taken out. ker 63 camphor is iu open iei rare, and the supply is consumed almost exclusively in China, where it is valued at from thirty to ninety times as much as Wut pero “ Blumea camphor is obtained by distillation from Blumea balsamifera, a shrub growing in Burma and the Malay Peninsula is is usually refined in Canton, ence abo 10,000 pounds are exported annuall ce of this supply is abundant, and as the industry develops it is to enter more into en m ordinary ca or ither of thes plants can be grow the United States, except possibly in southern ida, without ge against cold. “LYSTER H. DEW * Assistant in Division of Botany: * Washington, D. C., * August 12, 1897. T ere a brief note on Borneo camphor wood in the Kew Bulletin for 1887 (September, p. 15), and a full account of Blumea camphor in the volume for 1895 (pp. 275-277, with plate, and also 1896, p. 73). PRODUCTION IN CHINA. Dr. Henry, the well-known Chinese Botanist, gives the follow- ing account in the Pharmaceutical Jowrnal (March 6, 1897, p. 201) :— The camphor tree, Cinnamomum Camphora, Nees, is indi- genous to Japan, Formosa, and the central and southern provinces of China. It has been known to the Chinese from ancient times, but ^pperenuy until 300 or 400 years ago only as a valuable timber The d first in use was undoubtedly the Borneo camphor, and, as Hanbury says (* Pharmacographia," p. 512), “at what period and at whose instigation the Chinese began to manufacture camphor from the camphor laurel is not known.” Hanbury is, «“«K omm aroun Pakhoi, but not —— (Playfair). E oeil č Dr. Henry states that the wood is much used in Central China, but no camphor is extracted.” Until * dee years ago, then, no camphor was pro- duced on the mainland of China, but it is crecer to note that the camphor industry has been started in China and that there are signs that it nen become important. This 3 all the more 64 roduction of camphor in Formosa, and has, no doubt, in con- templation the creation of a large revenue by enhanced prices in the future. For a history of the vicissitudes of the camphor trade in Formosa itself the reader is referred to the Chinese I.M. Custom * Decennial Reports for 1882-91" (pp. 439, 466). En passait this is a most valuable work for all questions connected with Chinese commerce, the history of the treaty ports, etc. t is replete with en of all kinds, and is illustrated with maps, plans, and diagram The growth of the phot industry on the mainland of China is shown by the following facts, taken from various China Customs’ Yellow-books. From the List of Chinese Medicines (Misc. Series, No. 17), which gives details of the trade in drugs of all kinds for the year 1885, it appears that camphor was unknown as a product of the mainland, except in the single province of Chekiang, there being the small export that year from ingpo of 25 pieuls. Ningpo exported 32 piculs in 1889, 40 piculs in 1890, and none since apparently. The Customs’ Trade pei for the mphor duction in other parts. wloon exported 88 pica in 1888, 106 piculs in 1892, 87 picals in 1883. This was conveyed in junks, and its provenance is doubtful, but it was perhaps from the province of mr Ca vases exported 122 piculs in 1893, 37 pieuls in 1894, and 237 piculs in 1895. This is Kwangsi camphor. The Pakhoi Trade Renae? for 1894 states that the first record of the article was in 1892; in 1893 the export was 23 piculs, _— increased to 128 piculs in 1894, and “it comes from Lu-chuan, near Yu-linchou, and is likely to grow in importance, as plantations in that and other places in the neigh- bourhood are coming to the be earing age." In the Pakhoi Trade Report for 1895, the export is given as 596 piculs, and the writer says that this gratifyi ing increase is due to the extended cultiva- tion in Kwangsi. In Formosa on nly old and enormous camphor trees are utilised, and I am lag to doubt of the existence of camphor plantations in Kwangsi ; the camphor produced is more likely to be from old forest trees. The Chinese, at any rate, did not plant any trees with a view to the manufacture of camphor. In 1895 the exports of camphor from different Chinese ports were :—Foochow, 187 piculs ; an piculs; Canton, 237 piculs: Kowloon, 63 pieuls, and Pakhoi, 596 pieuls. In the Fukien province there are large forests, aid cbe trees abound. Some years ago a party of Japanese went into the interior of Fukien to manufacture camphor, but nothing came of this attempt. e Foochow export is probably the product 7 this province, but that of Amoy is doubtful, asit may be Formosan camphor smuggled over to the mainland in junks. The export "of the other three ports is produced in the Kwangsi province, and this will pro robably grow into large figures if camphor continues hih enough in price to encourage the Chinese in its manufactu To sum up, the production of cc on the mainland of 22 China is an affair of the last few years. It began in Chekiang, but has practically ceased in that province. In Kwangsi it com — menced a short time ago, and p develop into imp The Fukien product is only trifling £ so far. b 65 PRODUCTION IN FORMOSA. The following is extracted from the Foreign Office Report on Trade in Japan for 1897. (Misc. Series, 440, pp. 71-72.) The trade in camphor will probably undergo some modification. Camphor trees are not found in that part of the island (of Formosa) qup by Chinese settlers. They occur only in the country of e aborigines, or upon th e UE dep and up to the present dito the destruction of trees has been carried on gps the most money to the savage chiefs for permission to cut down het The stills were erected at the expense of the foreigners, who paid a tax of 8 dol. a still to the epar authorities, and a local tax of 10 dol. on éách picul (133 lbs.) of camphor produced. When the pix was ceded to the nn ho privileges which foreigners had oyed under Chi rule, of having these camphor ee diis in the tee seemed likely to be withdrawn by the Japanese Government. The Chinese treaty, much more than the Japanese, gives freedom of travel and trade to the foreigner ; and if the limitations zn c our treaty with Japan vee en strictly enforced in Formosa, foreigners would have had t to the treaty ports. They would have been debarred from distilling or purchasing camphor in the interior, and they would suffered heavy losses in abandoning the capital Auer sunk eg Considering that the present treaty had only two more years to run, the Japanese Government has consented to let matters remain in statu quo; and when hier the new treaty, geb quu obtain a right to settle anywhere in the interior, they wi able to distil as much as they like. But there is also a probability that the preparation of camphor will be made a Government monopoly. With the Formosan supply under its control the Japanese Govern- ment could almost secure a monopoly of the camphor trade, for E and Formosa are almost the only ee of supply ; and advantage may be taken of this to put For s finances on à satisfactory basis. The lands where the ee see grow not privately owned as is the best portion of Formosa’s fertile plains, so the Government could appropriate the a. pro- ducing distriets without rn with vested interests The following further information isgiven in the Report on the Trade of Tainan for 1897 (Foreign Office Annual, 2149, pp. 5-6) :— The camphor trade has, so far as concerns foreign er in South Formosa, almost kra stopped, owing, other causes, to the disturbed state of the country and the diffculty and danger of sending money into the camphor pues The roads continued throughout the year to be infested wi robbers who, on the approach of the military or polis. fled | to the hills (where it was, apparently, impossible to pursue eger only to reappear at the first favourable opportunity. Robberies became of such frequent occurrence that no foreign or native echan would venture to send money into the interior. e Japanese expedire on their part, did not see their hind to allow the tax to n the treaty port on arrival of the camphor, and busi- ness was Goa tensity brought to a standstill, 66 In the raids and skirmishes, too, which have taken place in the camphor-producing districts, numbers of stills have been destroyed. Their destruction was, perhaps, Rear butas they were almost entirely erected with money advanced or loaned by foreign merchants in South Formosa, the Mosel invi by the latter have been very considerable. It is estimated that not one-third of the stills in existence two years ago, in which foreigners in South Formosa are interested, ie now available for camphor production. The hope expressed by Her Majesty's Consul in last year's report, that the camphor trade might revive and assume large ete has us been Eee in ee far from this being the e, the camphor export busin s far as South Formosa is ee has now (April, 1898) almost stopped. These remarks, of course, apply exclusively to the export of camphor by foreign merchants in this district (South Formosa) who have in the past invested considerable sums of money in the business. The production of camphor in the districts of Rinkipo and Shu Shu (Hunlin and Chip Chip), the principal districts whence the drug came to South Formosa, still, I am informed, versis though to nothing like the same extent as formerly ; all the camphor so produced finds its way vià the port of Rokko (Lokkang) to Tamsui, whence it is shipped to Hong Kong and Japan. The roads north of Rokko are said to be perfectly safe, so that dealers can Senet the neighbourho od of Chip Chip and buy up any camphor that, under other circumstances, should and would go to the foreign firms in Tainan, with whose money the business was first started. Things may remedy themselves in course of time, but ee outlook at presen is certainly not very bright. The following table shows the export of camphor from this port since, practically, the commencement of the trade :— Tan Number of Boxes s Exported. 1892 ud > es = 4, 315 1893 Ts a = ie 6,691 1894 (ut a ise E 1» 157 1895 ds is is x 10, Er 1896 PUR die s s 1897 ie dem me pe 3 (t NoTk.—One box contains about one picul (133) lbs.) of camphor. PRODUCTION. IN CEYLON. The cultivation of the camphor tree has attracted some Rn in Ceylon. But, as will be seen from the following ndence which has appeared in the Ceylon Observer, both it and the production of the drug are in the experimental = 67 SUPERINTENDENT, HAKGALA BOTANIC GARDENS, TO EDITOR “CEYLON OBSERVER." Botanic Gardens, Hakgala April 6th, 1898. DEAR SIR, FERRING to your question as to what is being done with camphor cultivation in Ceylon, I may add the following to what rote you on the llth of February last. Wishing to satisfy FEART that solid camphor exists in the leaves and twigs of even very young plants, I sent a small bundle of prunings, from pase planted out at the end of 1895, to Mr. S. A. Owen, of W. Jordan & Co., of Land as who had very kindly RE BER n 3 make the experiment for I am pleased to n that he has been very successful in ina am solid camphor from them ; and as this is of general interest to planters, I shall be ch obliged if you will be good enough to publish Mr. Owen's letter in an early issue of your paper The prunings from an aromas plant 28 months’ old, as grown here, oigh from 10 to 12 Ib e a good many plants that want pruning, and if applied to before 1 the end of this month, April, I shall be very glad to supply 10 or 20, or 35 Ib. M dd to any person wishing to make the experiment for himse I am, &e., W. NOCK. MR. S. A. OWEN to SUPERINTENDENT, HAKGALA BOTANIC GARDENS Talawakele, March 30, 1898. DEAR MR. NOCK, THANKS for the parcel of camphor prunings duly received. I have Rp several experi ienis The following is the account of method employed and resu idis x »* * * * A gallon iron kettle was packed with 13 lb. of leaves and small twigs, together with about two pints of water. The cover of the kettle was luted on and the spout fitted with a cork, while a long glass tube proceeded from the cork to a condenser. Applied heat gradually, and kept it up for five hours. At the end of this time the sides of the condenser were coated with camphor, and small lumps were floating in the water which distilled over. All the r was erigi. carefully and dried between bibulous paper (to absorb most of the adhering oil) It then weighed 55 Larane, which is er to 12 ounces to the cwt. or 15 1b. to 1 chink the results Moke encouraging, as the leaves and yot parts of the camphor tree contain but a very small Bodo ‘Of camphor "compared with the trunk-wood. Indeed, I believe that in Formosa and other camphor-producing countries, itis customary to Mit othor discard the branches and leaves and use the main- wood only. 68 I should think that planters who have young camphor trees cominz on here in Ceylon would find it well worth their while to utilise their prunings—especially if firewood is available and cheap, as this latter item would be practically the only expense, beyond the small amount of labour required and the initial expense of a still, which latter could be easily extemporised out of almost any kind of large iron vessel to which heat could be applied. As the camphor tree is a long while coming to maturity, con- go debes of this kind ought to be borne in mind. I have pleasure in erclosing a small sample of the camphor obtained. As you will see, it has a rather dirty appearance, due to unavoidable impurity and the sample smells of camphor oil, = these are easily got rid of in the process of refinement. enclose a small sample of the same camphor partly purified: b sublimation. You are, of course, very welcome to make what use you like of this account of these small experiments, whether by publication or otherwise. No doubt it would be encouraging to those who that there is T in our locally grown trees. I have heard of one or two misgivings as to whether the soil and climate here would favour the formation of camphor in the tree. Yours faithfully, (Signed) - S. A. OWEN. DCXLIX.—PERUVIAN RUBBER. Up to the present = little or nothing has been known botanically with respect to Peruvian rubber. Our knowledge, in point of fact, was Rest well limited to the following statement reprinted in the Kew Bulletin for 1892, p. 69, from a valuable article in The India-rubber and Gutta Percha and Electrical Trades Journal :— “There comes from Peru, at the sources of the Amazon and its tributaries, a rubber resembling the Nicaragua Sheet, and called Caucho. This rubber is very > and consequently shrinks very much, which is a serious drawback. It is considered a go strong rubber, and it is utilised = a considerable extent by the boot and shoe manufacturers.” The following correspondence supplies the first information as to the actual source of Peruvian rubber. FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. THE Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs presents his compliments to the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, and is directed by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to transmit to him the accompanying paper noted in the margin, respecting atree which grows in Peru and produces the quality of India- rubber known as “ Caucho.” Foreign Office, May 17, 1899. 69 MR. CONSUL CHURCHILL to FOREIGN OFFICE. Her Majesty's Consulate, og My Lorp, April 28, 1899. IT may interest those concerned to know that the tree which produces the quality of India-rubber exported from Peru, through Pará, under the name of Caucho, has recently been deter- mined by Monsieur Aras a botanist, who is on the scientific staff u = Museum o ur Huber lately visited ane zu region in Peru, and diera that the tree was a e will shortly be able to or Te comparison, whether it is the same as the Castilloa elastica of Central America, or a species of the same genus. It had been surmised previously "n the tree might be a Castilloa, but I believe Monsieur Huber is the first authority who has settled the point. With this kuosiedio it results that the distribution of € Castilloa is wider than was previously thought to be the cas “Caucho” is also produced in T apr iege of the Bolivian tributaries of the River Amazon, and = > near the said tributaries that pass through Brazilian ierrit A sample of “ Caucho" exists, in the Museum of this City, that It is said that * Caucho" is also produced near Macapa and Mazagao, on the north bank of the River Amazon, near its estuary. A recent statistical return on the exports of the State of Para reports that this produce was exported in small quantities rosse about 10 tons) from A veiros (River Tapajos), Santarem Alemquer and Obidos on the River Amazon. The total shipm ments of“ Cacho " from Amazonian ports amount to about 2,000 tons annually. Monsieur Huber describes the process of tapping as follows :— “ The trunk is almost severed in two at a distance of about 3 feet from the ground, and the tree is lied to fall in such a manner that it is supported in an inclined position by iis branches, and still d on to the part that de left standing. The sap is collected d red into a hole made in the ground, and is coagulated by means of the juice of certain lowi lianas. The natives state that this is the best method of tapping, and that if the trees were Hev n be treated in the same manner as the eas they would soon — by insects which would er them where the bark ould be injured by incision. This may be only an excuse for re destruction which might ue avoided. However, it must be considered that'as these trees grow far apart from each other in their native state it must be inconvenient, if not oe to attend to more than one tree at a time. Trees that have been tapped in the manner described do not sardiee vio operation. In the course of time their places are, no doubt, taken by young trees that grow from seeds. The Amazonian Castilloas are found on elevated land that is beyond the reach of floods, whereas the Heveas thrive best in the lowlands that are periodically inundated by the River Amazon. I have, &c. (Bignod) WM. A. CHURCHILL. The — ogg of f Salisbury; K.G., &c., &e 10 ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, to FOREIGN OFFICE Royal Gardens, Kew, SIR, May 23, 1899. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of May 17, transmitting a copy of Consul Churchill’s report on a kind of India-rubber exported from Peru, through Pará, pee the name of Caucho. 2. Caucho, of which Caoutchouc is probably an expanded form, has been hitherto identified with “ India-rubber ” par excellence, the produce of one or more species of Hevea indigenous to the basin of the Amazons, and exported from Pará. According to Castilloa. One or more species of this genus produces the india- rubber of Central America. In South America Castilloa has been known to extend as far as Ecuador, where it is called Jebe, other- wise Jeve or Heve. According to Aublet this latter name was given in Northern Ecuador to a species of Hevea, and in founding that genus he derived its name poco y. In the pore basin the name for the species of Hevea Moca ae and in Central America for those of Castilloa * Ule " or “Tunu” (see Kew Bulletin, 1898, pp. 141, 142). Perhaps in P abor South America the names Caucho and Jebe are applied indiscriminately to rubber-producing tree 3. According to a bri by Mr. D. B. Adamson, H.B.M. Consul at Iquitos, dated December 24, 1898, and published in the Trans- actions of the Liverpool Geographical Society for the same year, eru has two kinds of rubber-producing trees: Caucho, which rer to SPORE." e A ag and Jebe to Hevea (pp. 39-40). Both Mr. Adam d Mr. Churchill agree that the rubber is extracted from ihe es cho tree by felling. "The Jebe is always . tapped. the former process ier n a VS t „being * worked .' In consequence, accordin r. Adam * many of the f Oaah" [or rubber c distent à are working on Brazilian rivers, where the supply is yet more plentiful." 4. It is not, however, necessary Li fell the Castilloa trees to collect the rubber. The method of tapping s minutely described in a report by the United States Consul-General Beaupré, published in the United States Consular Reports for May, at pp. 147-151. The estimated yield per tree is mach s maller that given in Sir Henry De inek. report, as to which I a some enquiries to the Foreign Öffice in Hed letter of April 14, 1897. I am, Sir, Your ei Servant, The Under Secretary er State AU. THISELTON-DYER. for sh nm Affair Foreign Office, Downing Street, S.W. EXTRACT from Report by Consul D. B. Adamson in Transactions Liverpool Geographical Sociely, 1898, pp. 39-40. “As you are aware, rubber is the chief article of export, and hitherto has been practically the only one of any importance. Its extraction from the trees and preparation e the market is 71 "meds ta in the hands of Peravians, assisted by Indian labour. work is rough, and the hardships connected with gathering Ed very great. The kind exported from here in past years me been chiefly Caucho, the gatherers of which are Caucheros. The wasteful method adopted is, however, beginning to tell it ae i as far as this particular class of rubber is concerned. This can be understood when it is explained that Caucho is gathered by cutting down the trees to collect the sap. As it is said that it takes from 15 to 20 years to arrive at a fit state to be worth cutting down, it can easily | be seen that pres in accessible positions are continually growing scarcer. As none are planted to supply the loss, when a district has been worked thoroughly, nothing can be done till nature re-asserts herself. Of course the young trees are constantly growing, and places that have been worked out will, in course of time, yield again in quantity, but meanwhile the yield in them is so small that it is not worth while to collect. It must be remembered that it is only possible to collect near the rivers, on account of the diffieulties of transport overland. In the interior, or rather Caucho yielding trees still, for there are vast tracts of land un, unexplored. These, however, are either inaccessible r wo remunerative to work. * Tt is much to be desired that some more economical method of gathering Caucho could be introduced, one which would allow the sap to be got without destroying the trees, as the timber is worthless. This is done in other parts of the world where more economical conditions prevail. At present many of the Caucheros the i ee likely to any large extent, or gathering the other chief kind of rubber, known as Jebe. “This is of considerably higher value than Caucho, being worth from 70 per cent. to 90 per cent. more, according to ruling prices here. The method of gathering it, however, has not been so well P by the native labourers, or they have not found the so much to their taste. « In gathering Jebe the tree is simply tapped, the sap being collected in small pans, which are emptied daily or periodically. This class of rubber collecting is euren rrei by settlers, as distinguished from the wandering Caucher To complete the available information on the des et the following extract from Mr. Consul en n’s Report the Trade of Iquitos is reprinted from the gn Office Report on the Trade and Finances of Peru (1898, p. 3, E 2,298) : * Rubber forms the cbief article of export. Most of it goes to rope, and very little attention is given to other productions of the district. The chief classes are Caucho and Jebe resent prices of which may be taken as 30 and 50 soles per arroba of 15 kilos. respectively. lt may be stated that these figures show a marked increase during the year. The average for 1898 is given as 26 soles per arroba for Caucho and 49 soles per arroba 12 for Jebe. A slightly lower grade of this may be named as about 2 soles lower in price. There is also Sernamoi or scrap rubber, both of Jebe and Caucho, the average price of which during the year is given as 37 soles per ed Sis total value of all classes during the year is given as £202,916, as core pars with £206,047 the I before, the quantities che 1,140,523 kilos. in 1897, and 829,935 kilos. in 1898. "This falling-off may be accounted for by the i increasing inaccessibility of the Caucho bearing trees, those within easy reach having become scarce owing to the wasteful method of gathering the gum. The process has been to cut down the tree instead of merely tapping it. “ The trees are all wild, and it will take some years to allow them to grow sufficiently to gather from again. Another reason for the falling-off last year, and one of perhaps : equal weight with the former, is that a large number of the Caucheros, or rubber gatherers, have gone to the Jurua and other Brazilian rivers, whence, however, there are grounds for saying the bulk of them will return. As ar i the Caucheros are not familiar with the collection of Jebe, or fine rubber, but they are learning, and when they return. = Peru will probably devote more attention “The ra of this to Caucho has — increased lately. J = s gathered by tapping the trees, a certain number of which a rs ced under the control of a gatherer, ahi visits them daily de collect the yields.’ DCL.— EUCALYPTUS TIMBER FROM WEST AUSTRALIA. use of Jarrah timber (Hucalyptus marginata) and Karri (E e diversicolor) for wood-pavement has been noticed on several eese in the Kew Bulletin (1890, p. 188 ; 1893, p. 338 ; 1897, p 219). Tha: following correspondence, which refers to the various pur- poses to which these and other West Australian woods can be applied, is published for general information :— COLONIAL OFFICE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Downing Street, Se ptember 14, 1898. SIR, I AM directed by the perdiet of State for the Colonies to transmit for your information a copy of a despatch from the Governor of Western Australia, anstédiié a oe upon the Sixth Annual Conference of Producers of the Colony I am, ete, (Signed) H. BERTRAM COX, The Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. 73 GOVERNOR OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA TO COLONIAL OFFICE. Government House, Perth, June 30, 1898. % * * * SIR, 3. During the months of last year from August to November I thought it desirable to visit the principal ea districts of the Colony that I might du vert to give you, as I promised mpm ah the value and importance of feeling assured that, apart from the gold industry, the Colony has a future before it of no uncertain character in the development of the natural resources of the soil. * * * Li 5. I need only add a few words about the timber industry, which did not come within the scope of my address, ed = prospects of which did not escape my attention during my tra Jarrah and Karri timber are the principal ebd of this character. The forests i both Varieties i in the South and South- West of the Colony are v ensive, and have not been fully explored. It is said Mur es inedhawenle. but, judging by what I have seen, I am by no means of this opinion. In those Ver I have seen, in which timber E being felled and exporte home or foreign use, = waste is almost more than the mind* of man can conceive. Ic A een that it ng c pay to lead bad timber to market, but greater care might be en in exami- nation before felling timber indiscriminately, 2 simply on the chance of its being good enough for market. It is said that where one tree is felled there a dozen spring up to take its Pu This is true, but the time taken before the young trees mature suffi- iently for market purposes robs any such statement M. all its impotites and sufficiency. 6. So far asthe values are concerned of these two timbers, Jarrah and Karri, I understand both are being largely exported to the United Kingdom for wood pavements, and the former especially for railway sleepers, dock staging and wharfs. think the Western Australian Jarrah has a great future peg it. It fillsall the essential conditions which are necessary to o make it a first class railway sleeper, and as the ever-increasing weight gor te speed of trains in the United Kingdom will require a heavier rigid road in proportion to the increased weight of steel rails, it is likely to find a lively market in the near future. At the same time it is not superior to the South Australian Red Gum. The durability of both will be, even on the heaviest gradients and at the highest rates of go with ordinary train loads, from 15 to 21 years against 7 to 10 years of the English sleepers commonly used hitherto. For piles aie staging, and wharf and dock gates, Jarrah seems impervious under dor to all attacks of wind and weather and marine life. and I should not hesitate to use it with as great readi- ness as Greenheart. 1 feel some doubt as to its suitability for wood pavement. The cleavage with the grain is so easy t that I think the cost of maintenance and repairs will be heavy, and the 3112 ; B 74 dust in dry weather, owing to the large amount of acetic acid in this timber, will be found to be peculiarly painful and irritating to the eyes. 7. Karri timber below water is DE useless, rotting very readily, and if used for wood pav nt in a damp climate like England, is foredoomed to f b "ibo the water is constantly swept off it. Used above water for structural S tod te en is, free from contact with the ground, its life see o be eternal, being practically impervious to ants and wo sie pes. prie so inflammable as Jarrah. For structural Dipin in large buildings I should regard it as quite equal to the best old seasoned English oa . There are other valuable woods, such as the Jam-wood (unrivalled for fencing) and Sandal-wood ; but the supply of both is limited, and of the latter almost exhausted by the demands of the Chinese market. . I am glad to be able to add, in conclusion, that we are having, 80 far, an abundance of rain, and the agricultural prospects were never better. In view of the recent largely increased settlement disappointment to a large number of new settlers, who look to the next harvest to reap the first return they have had for their labour and capital. I have, &c., The Right Honourable (Signed) GERARD SMITH. J. Chamberlain, M.P, &c. &c. &c, ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, TO COLONIAL OFFICE. Royal Gardens, K Sep semp 20th, 1898. I HAVE the honour acknowledge the sn of your letter of inset 14th (17240), transmitting a despatch from the Governor of Western Australia, dealing prisoipedis with Jarrah and Karri timber. I propose to publish for general information in > FE Bulletin so much of the despatch as relates to this subje SIR he facts in our possession do not, however, entirely con- firm the rg of the ag as to the difference in the qualities of the two woods. — a memorandum on the subject from the Kop = the eased 3. The Timber Museum of the Royal Gardens contains a magnificent log of Jerks) weighing nearly five tons, which was shown at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition. It also contains à log of Karri exposed between high and low ee in Western Australia for forty-two years, and still in good condit 4. I enclose sopisi = the numbers of the Kew Bulletin, in which the use of Jarrah and Karri for wood-paving is discuss These would PE interest the Governor if transmitted to him. Iam, & (Signed) W. T. THISELTON-DYER. H. Bertram Cox, Esq., Colonial Office, Downing Street, S.W. 75 [ Enclosure. ] JARRA AND KARRI TIMBERS. The woods of Jarrah (Hucalyptus marginata) and Karri (E. diversicolor) are both much used, and advertised by rival firms, for road-paving, but Jarrah See xe be most in demand. he cleavage with the grain” of Jarrah, spoken of in para- graph 6 of Governor Smith’s letter, does not appear to be possible judging from the blocks contained in the Museum, which are typical of ordinary road blocks used in London. Nor do I remember having seen this objection raised ; indeed, Ru seems to be but little m in the twisted grain of either of the ut Jarrah and Kar uth Annus liad Red Gum, referred to also in paragraph 6 of the above letter, is apparently Mucalyptus rostrata, the dura- bility of Meere Maiden deseribes as ** perhaps having a rival only in E. margina 19th October, 1898. J. R. J. DCLL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. MR. ALEC ARTHUR, à member of the gardening staff of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed by the Municipal Council of Shanghai, Superintendent of Parks, Recreation Grounds, etc., in that town. He leaves for China on May 18th. MR. JOHN GOSSWEILER, recently a member of the gardening staff of the Royal Gardens, has been engaged by the es Government for the earatoeskip of a Botanic Station in Loanda, Angola. He leaves for Africa in May. Linnean Medal.—The President and Council of the Linnean See aed repe the Linnean Medal (which is given bi-annually) o MR. J. G. BAKER, F.R.S., late Keeper of the Herbarium and bear oe the Royal Botanic Gardens, *for his services to Botany during a lo ies of years, especially his writings on ferns and petaloid sectideótylódUnm, serviceable alike to botanists and cultivators.” The presentation took place at the Anniversary Meeting on May 24th. Rescue from Drowning.—A gallant feat which has not been noticed in its place must not pass unreco orded. On Fe ebruary front of the Palm-house. Fortunately two young gardeners were I wage at the time on their return to work after the dinner hour 3412 2 B2 16 The man had already sunk beneath the surface, when one of the young gardeners, W. C. Fishlock, jumped in, swam out and succeeded in bringing the man to land. C. ird ham, hee had received instruetion in a St. John's Ambulance class, w: able to induce artificial respiration, and the man was eventas sent to his home. The circumstances having been reported to the Royal Humane Society by Her Majesty's First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, the certificates of the Society were awarded to the young men, and presented to them by the Director on March 16th. Botanical Magazine for April.—The variety of the familiar Impatiens Roi ylei which is the subject of plate 7647 appeared in the shrubberies of Sir J. D. Hooker's garden at Sunningdale, three or four years ago. Sir Joseph is unable to explain how was introduced into his garden, and whence it came. It i coloured flowers, is a native of the Himalayas. The spe ecimen four inches in diameter. ilene Se from ina and Formosa, ne superficially the Ly ychnis Flos-cuculi of our meadows. The seed from which the specimen figured was raised was collected in Shensi by Father Piccoli, of the Jesuit Mission in Hankow, and were received at Kew through G. Murray, Esq., F.R.S., Keeper z the Bonia Department of the British Museum. A plant of Yucca elata, a native of the South-Western - United States, was see in 189 )3,and flowered in 1896. This speeimen has now a trunk about a yard long. The flowers are two inches long, and white. pude villea variabilis, from Western China, has elegant foliage and loose racemes of bright rose-purple flowers. Seeds of this plant were sent to Kew by Mr. W. Thompson, of Ipswich. Botanical Magazine for May.— Nicotiana sylvestris is a robust species from Argentina, quite recently introduced into cultivation. The large leaves resemble those of N. tomentosa, and the flowers those of the well-known N. alata, (N. affinis). The Kew plants were raised from seed communicated by Messrs. Dammann & Co., of Naples. Cyrtanthus parviflorus is allied to C. ang ustifoliib having, however, smaller, more brightly coloured flowers. Bulbs of this plant, which is a native of the Cape, were presented to Kew y . Woodall, Esq., of Scarborough. Alnus nitida occurs at elevations of 4 ‚000 to 9,000 feet in the Western Himala aya. This, and A. is, a species as yet not introduced into English are the only representatives of the genus in the Indian A gargens, flora. - Seeds of the former were sent to Kew by the late R. Ellis, Esq. in 1882, Dahlia maximiliana is a little-known species, Ti though it was exhibited at a show of the Royal RU UM Society in 1879. Its. beautiful, mauve-coloure produced during the winter months. The specimen apati Vis furnished by Thomas Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S., from his magnificent garden at La Mortola. Veronica Disponbachii, from the Chatham Islands, is allied to V. miei and V. macroura. The drawing was made from a speci communicated by R. Lindsay, Esq., of Kaimes Lodge, niani Field, Midlothian. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.—'l'he last part of the sixth volume 1 , in March, 1899. Plates 2,572 to 2,574, illustrating the genus Hevea, belong to the previous part, t the e original i impression having been totally destroyed by fire. They illustrate the floral structure and the seeds, both dormant and germinating, of some of the piine cipal speci s. One more new species of Hevea is figured in this number, supplemented by a plate of drawings selected from Jolia, Lam. (plate 2,578), is a handsome species cultivated i in Italy and Egypt, the origin of which is uncertain. Three more plates represent as many species of Hryngium, Bite of Central America, where the genus exhibits a great and widely different variety of forms. Plate 2,584 represents the male flowers and inflorescence of the singular pandanaceous genus Sararanga, prepared from material collected in Solomon Islands by the Rev. R. omins. veis monilifera is another interesting plant from the same source. This number also contains some of the high-level ye uf recent discovery in Tibet and British New Guinea, and further illustrations of the marvellously rich flora of Western China. A kind of sarsaparilla cultivated in Jamaica is figured ee the name of Smilax utilis. K n the Colonial Office List.—At the request of the Editors, the following brief account of Kew has been furnished for this publication. It appears on page 19 of the issue for the current r * ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. “Kew as a scientific establishment dates from 1759, when a Botanic, or, as it was then called, a Physic, Garden was established 7 > Princess is of Saxe- Gotha, Dowager Princess of ale “Tt was energetically maintained by her son, George III., with the scientific assistance of Sir Joseph Banks, who was virtually for the greater part of his life Director. Under his advice collectors were sent to all parts of the world. The first New Holland plants were introduced during Cook's voyages, 1768-1780. At Sir Joseph Banks’ instance the system of inter-colonial ex- was commenced, which has been maintained ever since. The most memorable undertaking of this kind was the voyaze of 78 the ‘Bounty’ (1787) for the purpose of introducing the bread- fruit tree from the South Seas into the West Indies. Nelson, the Kew collector, was amongst pnd sent adrift by the mutineers, and eventually died of the exposure. Another Kew gardener, James Hooper, who had been staked to Lord Amherst’s Embassy to China, remained in Java, and was from 1817-30 Hortulanus of the celebrated Dutch Colonial Botanic Garden at Buitenzorg, which he helped to create. “ Both George III. and Sir Joseph Banks died in 1820, and the colonial and other work of os w languished, though it was not absolutely abandoned, duri the reign of George IV. and William IV. In 1838 the abolition of the whole establishment was contemplated by the Government. Public opposition led to the appointment of a Tr reasury Committee, the report of which was presented to Parliament in 1840. The following paragraphs briefly defined the functions of the reorganised establishment :— ‘A national garden ought to be the centre round which all minor establishments of the same nature should be arranged From a garden of this kind Government would be able to obtain required Sika: its Pipe necessary, as now, to apply to the officers of private establishments for advice and assistance.’ me Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S., was appoi inted Director in 1841 carry them out. A ‘close ei between Kew and the Colonial Office immediately sprang up. A scheme for a complete horticultural school. Special attention is given to the preparation of gardener s for Colonial service. Some 60 men trained at Kew are now in official employment in different parts of the Empire. * Relations with the botanical institutions of the pelf oo ae Colonies are maintained by semi-official correspondence. those of Colonies more a under the control of the Colonial Office, the connection is clos a scientifie Director; those of the second class by a skilled Superintendent; the third class consists of Botanic Stations. These last are small and inexpensive gardens, devised in 1885, in order to afford sor instruction in the cultivation of tropical crops,and were intended to develope the agricultural resources, at first, of the smaller West Indian Islands, and subsequently (1887) of British Possessions in Tropical Africa. Each is in charge of a Curator, who is a gardener trained at Kew. “ The principal members of the Kew staff are :— “Director : Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G., C.LE. wy PRS, *: Keeper of the Herbarium and Library: W. B. Hemsley, F.R.S. * Honorary Keeper of the Jodrell Laboratory : D. H. Scott, Ph.D., M.A., e Keeper of Museums : J. R. Jackson, A.L.S. 19 he most nn Colonial botanical institutions in intimate relation with Kew - Ceylon. rode of Royal Botanic Gardens : J. C. Willis, Straits ig —Director of Gardens and Forest Departme : H.N. Ridley, * Jamaica. Sophos of Public Gardens and Plantations : William Fawcett, B.Sc. “ In 1898, in accordance with the recommendations of the West India Commission, a Special Department of Agriculture was created for Barbados, the Leeward and the Winds Islands, and was placed under the charge of a Commissioner, with headquarters at Barbados LONG NT. FAX Agriculture at Barbados: D. Morris, d = the Temperate House. —On Bank Holiday, May 1, the Nor ing, the last uncompleted portion Great rp a n was thrown open to the publie. The com- pletion of the South Wing was announced in the Kew Bulletin for oe (p p. 333, 334). The Building News for February 12 and 19, 1897, contained a full account of it, with detailed draw Uum Some particulars may now be given of the structure as a whole, and of the history of its erection. The first scheme of the house was projected by Sir William Hooker, in 1855. The design, as now practically completed, was made by Decimus Burton, who also designed the Palm House. The Builder for January 12, 1861, contains a ground plan and elevation, with detailed particulars of the whole structure. In 1860 Her Majesty's Office of Works entered into a (CÓ with Messrs. Cubitt ** to construct the centre of the new Temperat House in Kew Gardens and the octagons for the sum of £28, 858.” The pie cost appears to have been approximately about pee 000. The oof is of w wrought-iron, the columns of cast-iron. At present 1861 the octagons at either end were finished. Taking MR er measurements for these fas "s all other portions of the structure) their diameter is > = In 1862 the central part of e bui lding was completed : 216 feet long by 140 feet Vide. and (inside) 60 feet RR A raised terrace ind keny for ie building, and space provided on it for the two Their erection was, however, indefinitely postponed in 1863, pite, the foundations had been partially laid ; part of the iron-work lay in the contractor’s yard for many years, and on Actores broken up. In 1894, thirty-one years later, the erection of the South Wing was piede "ana 1 n 1897 that of the North. The former was completed in that year and the latter in the present. A period of thirty-nine years has, therefore, ela tween the commencement of the structure and its completion. 80 While the general features of Didun Burton’s design have been followed, the construction of the North Wing is much lighter than that of the South. The material used is rolled steel. The e was erected with rapidity and thorough precision in the workmanship by Messrs. Mackenzi e and Moncur, of Edinburgh, le, The : ivers, Esq., the Surveyor of Her Majesty’s Office of Works in charge of Kew Each wing is 116 feet long by 64 feet wide and (inside) 38 feet high. Four lobbies, each 12 feet long by 7 feet wide, two at either end, connect the octagons to the wings and the central part to the octagons. Beyond the wings are entrance porches, each 12 feet by 8 feet. e total exireme length of the building is thus 628 feet, and, including the porches at either side, the greatest width is 164 feet. The cost of each wing has been about £7,000. The total cost of the whole building has been, therefore, £43,000. This includes the isa of spacious under-ground tanks for the collection of rain-wa - - óriginnl scheme of the house, Sir William Hooker had in view the completion of ~ representation of the woody ale of the world. mA the Mv ies was provided for in the Palm House, and that he Cool Temperate Zone in the Arboretum. The object of s este o House was to provide accommodation for the plants of intermediate climates which would not tolerate an fcn winter. Sir William Hooker explains, in his Report for 1859, that “as the contents of this structure will be of the same character as those h ardy plants which constitute the * Arboretum, it is the intention to erect it rige the so-called Arboretum or Pleasure Ground," as that was — In his Report for 1866, Sir Joseph Hooker, in again urging * the completion of this grand structure, by far the finest in Europe," suggested * devoting one of the ‘contemplated wings to the plants of our northern colonies and possessions, and the other to those of the southern.” In the centre block Australian and New Zealand vegetation is predominant. As explained in the Kew Bulletin for 1897 (p. 334), the contents of the South Wing have largely a Mexican character. In other words, it is devoted to plants of warm temperate countries, which in cultivation require a * warm greenhouse’ treatment. The North Wing, on the other hand, has been devoted to Himalayan, Chinese, and Japanese plants, which, while for the most part able to resist an English winter, are unable to tolerate the rigour of an English spring. The plan of laying out the ground in the interior is the same as that of the South Wing. This has been described in the Kew Bulletin (l.e., p. 334). The beds contain a complete collection of yan rhododendrons, together with some of their most stetur te tender ne camellias, etc. The centre walk is lined with clumps of the Japanese Phyllostachys mitis, obtained from Algeria. At the north end there is a rock pool on either side. SI The North Wing, when given up by the contractors, was furnished with great basi largely due to the generosity of D. H. Shilson, Esq., of Tremough, Cornwall. This county is the natural home of these et platte in England, and now repaid its debt to Kew, from which it vi d e received them when introduced by Sir Joseph Hooker. The late Mr. Shilson, father of the present owner of Tremough, was = of the first to take up their cultivation. “ Several of the plants” transported from Cornwall to Kew are said to have “required a separate rail- way truck each, and were nearly two tons in weight.” A prominent feature is a large camellia 15 feet high, removed from Kensington Palace Gardens, where it had been ee RA Mrs. Falk, who presented it with other plants to the Ro The fine and lofty specimen of Z'rachyca: dui Re (Chamz- rops excelsa) was the gift of the Right Honourable Joseph Chamberlain, M, P., F.R.S., from whose conservatory at Highbury, Birmingham, i was Te e lt is a happy memorial of the exertions of this distinguished Fark in securing theassent of two successive Governments to the completion of this great undertaking. It only remains to say that the contents of the two octagons have been re-arranged. They are not well suited for the cultivation of a miscellaneous collection. "The southern is now devote n orangery which - ee been a desideratum at Kew ; the northern to standard Bays, Space in each is afforded for ‘the display d trained plants of Clematis, &c., in the summer, and of chrysa themums in the autum An excellent detailed account of the completed structure, with illustrations, is contained in the Gardeners’ Magazine for May 1899, pp. 310-312. It may be added that the area of the whole structure is 13 acres, more than three times that of the great conservatory at Chatsworth. Queen's Cottage Grounds.—In accordance with the announcement made in the Kew Bulletin for 1898 (pp. 200, 201), the Queen's entrance is near the Isleworth Ferry Gate, and a railed path has been carried through terminating near the path through the Pinetum leading to the Lion Gate. This allows the Cottage, the expanse of wild hyacinths, pe the sylvan features of the grounds to be fully seen by visitors without unnecessarily disturbing perhaps the only “sanctuary of all bird life" which remains in the immediate proximity of London. Bulbs from Asia Minor.—Kew owes its unique display of early flowering spring bulbs in great avem to the constant liberality ward Whittall of Smyrna. A brief er of his con- tributions appears in the "Kew Bulletin for 1893 (p.147). We owe to him the sheets of white Galanthus Elwesii and of blue Chionodoxa which each year produce more and more striking effects. 82 The following letter gives some idea of the scale on which Mr. Whittall works as well as of the important industry which he has incidentally created :— MR. EDWARD WHITTALL TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Smyrna, Apri! 28, 1899. DEAR SIR, OUR winter has been, comparatively speaking, just as mild as yours in England. You would have been surprised to see my garden at Christmas with the rose trees, geraniums, and even cannas in full bloom, the arums in the ponds full of buds and the camellias Dee up by the white Roman hyacinths wm covered wit wers. It was a pretty sight, and one I n witnessed before, Now of course it is wearing its spring pus and you could cut roses by the thousand. The water lilies are showing their first flowers and the beds are gay with bright colours. I will send you later on a few photographs to give you an idea of an Oriental garden with an admixture of English and Italian idas i in the plan note your requirements of small bulbs, and will be only too happy to v you all I can on the old conditions. I suppose this will mean some 300,000 o 400 ,000 of all varieties. By the bye, what did you t think of or new 'snowdrop I sent you? I flowered it in my garden and certainly it appears to carry out my first description. I bum glad m see the bulb trade developing so much with England. n I commenced it, I only hoped to give a few werd work Wii rae deserving pcor in our village. Now I employ hundreds of families, and the blessings you British flower-lovers receive should lighten your slumbers as the saying goes in this ss n beautiful, tenet nd expressions. I am now opening outa rade in vated bulbous plants, such a hyacinths, &c., ana Mons shóry ae | bip nota few. As you well know, most of er plants came originally from this country ad do well. I am roud to see around me the increase in the consumption of flowers, nd to feel that it is the result of my efforts to develop the love of ihem. Some few years back you scarcely saw a plant outside a few European gardens ; now even the smallest cottage plot is bright in Spring with flowers. This is the aera I get out of my hobby, and, now that my collecting expenses are covered by European shipments, I cannot even complain of the cost being too heavy. I was not carried off by brigands, but a nephew of mine. Thank God all is well that ends well. Believe me, &c., (Signed) EDWARD WHITTALL. Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, ew, London. Jyree Tea.—By the kindness of Mr. G. S. Peterson, of Weston- super-Mare, we have received a sample of this so-called tea, and find that it 5 made of leaflets apparently belonging to ‘some spec of Acacia. Mixed with the leaflets are setae which may 83 well be those of a Cassia, and a little ordinary tea had been added to one sample, but Mr. Peterson says that such is not always the case. Jyree tea is the name under which this mixture has been offered for sale in Britain. It is of Indian origin, probably from Madras, and cannot as yet be -= to have any extensive use. * Jyree," we are informed, is a name =. ae that of the native servant of an Anglo-Indian. who claims to have discovered its virtu ues. “ay ree" oil is said to bea cure for ars and sprains : * J'yree " soap is said to soften the skin, and *Jyree " may = used, too, for softening leather. Moseleya.—In a recent number of Hooker’s Icones nn a very rare plant, which was originally described as Hornemannia — Did. "and subsequently rn d by the same botanist he genus Sibthoi ‘pia, is figured (t. 2 992) under the name of Mosele ya pinnala, Hemsl. Excellent specimens received from China: seemed to warrant restoring this interesting plant. to generic rank, and as the name gli ea was already in use, the genus en dedicated to the memory of the late Professor H.N. Moseley. Shortly after this publicis, Mr. N. E. Brown recognised in it the Hilisiophyllum reptans, Maxim., founded on Japanese specimens jh 1871, and descri bed by the author as “inter Polemoniaceas et Hydrophyllaceas.” So few specimens existed in herbaria that nobody appears to have identified agg d pe Japanese plant with that deseribed by Bentham rom India, though the late Dr. Baillon (Bull. Soc. Linn. Par., 1890, p. 817) lend it to the Scrophulariacez, and the vicinity of Littorella. As there is no doubt of the identity, BERN yllum is the name to retain, and it is to be hoped that name of Moseley may yet be connected with a pla a reels undescribed. Catalogue of the Kew Library.--This has been printed for the con- venience of the staff and of botanists working in the establishment. The preface, by the Director, re-produc ced below, gives an historical account of the origin, formation, n, and development of the library. The catalogue is printed on one side of the paper throughout. I will be useful, therefore, as a basis for the library catalogues of an establishments. A limited au of impressions e n struck off, and these may be obtained, price 7s. 6d. (exclus of postage) on ‘application to the rumen Royal Botanic Garde: Kew = a. of books of reference is a necessary adjunct to a Botanie Garden in order to illustrate its contents and verify their nomenelatur ure. For a large herbarium it must be ev en more op en een pepi upon to afford information to the public and the Gov on every subject connected with the vegetable 84 “The foundation of Kew as a a. establishment dates from 1759, in which year the Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Dowager Princess of Wales (who si at Kew till her death in 1772), established a Botanic, or, as it was then called, a Physic Garden. In the development of the collections the Dowager Princess of Wales had the assistance of John Stuart, third Earl of Bute, who had been Lord of the Bedehamber to the Prince. He was the possessor of a fine collection of botanical books and used a house ewe the Royal Gardens, now known as Church House, as a libra “The Earl ans Bale fell out of favour with George III., and retired to his house near Christchurch, in Hampshire, where he died from the effects of a fall while collecting a plant, in 1792. * His place as scientific adviser at Kew, and, in point of fact, as honorary director, was taken by Sir Joseph Banks, the president of the Royal Society and a personal friend of the King. was the possessor of one of the finest libraries of botanical books => has ever been er The celebrated Robert Brown was his librarian, and of his duties was to afford scientific assistance to the min of the Royal Botanie Gardens at Kew nks bequeathed his library a few months before his death to the trustees of the British Museum, where it is still preserved. But he left Brown the use of it during his lifetime, and an annuity, on condition that he continued his scientific aid to Kew. “ Besides this, the official residence of the Superintendent, now used as the business offices of the establishment, contained a room which was used as a library. In 1841 the — of Kew M transferred from the Crown to the public char The books in his care disponit being regarded probably: eiit as the ans re property of the superintendent, or as that of the Crown. * During the reign of George IV. Sir Everard Home, who appears to have succeeded to the honorary position occupied by Banks (Kew Bulletin, 1891, p. 319), suggested the establishment of a library at Kew. "The charge was to be entrusted to the well- nown botanical artist, Francis Bauer. According to a statement in Loudon's Gardener's M Seg iei xvii., 1841, p. 187) * The house now belonging to the King of Hanover was purchased for this purpose ; the shelves were prepared, all is botanical books in the King's library were to be removed there, and some had, in fact, been sent down, when, unfortunate iden dispute arose respecting the land, to which the Woods and Forsite laid claim.’ “This statement is not absolutely exact. The house never belonged to the King of vec though it was for a time occupied by him. It was known as Hu er Er. having nn the property of a successful ica of business, Robert Hun who had settled at Kew. It was pap shay in 1818 by George Sits at the instance of Sir Joseph Banks, and for the purpose—to whic it has long since been devoted—-of a library. Sir Everard Home simply endeavoured, therefore, to carry into effect Banks’s scheme. In 1823 George IV. sold the house and grounds to the nation, i use as a library having, apparently, as stated above, abandoned. In 1830 William IV. granted it to the Duchess of 85 Cumberland for her life. It was "> on the Duke’s accession to the u ne of Hanover that it became known as the * King of Hanover’s House.” He resided in it ai but after his death 1 it quero unoccupied. “ When, therefore, in 1841, Sir William Hooker was appointed Director of the reorganized Botanic Garden, he found himself destitute of even an official commencement of the two essential The part, agreed to rent a neighbouring house, een s known as est Park, for their accommodation, and as a residence for the Director, “there being no suitable house belonging to the Crown vacant at the time. Jn 1852, though still en his nn roperty, the Director's herbarium and part of his library wer removed to the present building. Its np for the ech of the library and herbarium dates from “In the same year the een of an official library at Kew was made by the gift, by Miss Bromfield, of the botanical books of her ires brother, Dr. W. A. Bromfield ; ; its especial feature was the number of fine copies, chosen with fastidious taste, of the earlier Boites authors. nm was followed in 1854 by the gift c. late George Bent , Esq., C.M.G., F.R.S., from the 1861 to 1874 President of the yide Society, of his fine botanical library, which was very complete in ‘what may be ealled ‘ working books.’ * [n 1867 (after his death) the Treasury sanctioned the purchase of such of Sir W. Hooker's books as were wanting in the library, and which, though the establishment had had the use of them, were not its property. "These included many scarce and costly books which rarely come into the market, and had been procured with much trouble and expense on the continent ; there was also à valuable collection of travels. At the date of his decease Sir W. Hooker was the possessor of the finest private botanical library in existence, the result of nearly sixty years' assiduous collecting. Through this ee the Kew library was more than doubled in extent. . “These three important acquisitions formed the backbone of the present library. Gaps have been gradually filled up by subsequent gifts and bequests. A number of volumes mostly relating to Cryptogamic Botany were ibo in 1887 from the late Rev. M. J. Berkeley, F.R.S. The most important bequest i the was rich in works elige to the European er and in Son copies of books mainly collected in Italy. * In 1892 Thomas Hanbury, Esq., of La Mortola, Ventimiglia, Italy, Wem e an important dtc of books from the library of his rother, Daniel Hanbury, F.R.S., the well-known pharmaco. mad * In 1877 the interior of Hunter House was remodelled in order to give more convenient accommodation for the library. 86 di gem purchase of new books has been provided for pare 1849 by a small annual piesa from the Government. Anc s has been poeni pe nted more recently by the grant er; free binding by H.M. S tatio onery Office. A large number of serials and Se erT in which the library i is especially rich are acquired by exchange with the Kew Bulletin. The Bentham Trustees from time to time use the funds at their disposal, in Berne with the testamentary dispositions of the late aeorg entham in the purchase of books beyond the means of the a uad orci: ment grant. The library being also available for "S scientifie researches of botanists of all nations, is constantly in receipt of valuable contributions from foreign governments, universities, societies, and independent workers. The liberality of she United States and French Governments deserve especial mentio “On the whole it is probable that no official mem ‘of such ge. Te utility has ever been got together at so small a cost the publie. Its primary eg is necessarily the routine work of the establishment. ur t to the requirements of this it is freely available for the use of inde oponami scientific workers, a privilege which is lugar taken ak = of. But it is not available for merely literary purposes “The manuscript catalogue having soar “unmanageable, the Treasury sanctioned in 1896 the employment o Daydon Jackson, Esq., Secretary to the Linnean un to prepare, with the assistance of the scientific staff, anew one, which should be based on a fresh collation of the books. It was further decided that this should be printed and published. It is is hoped that apart from its immediate purpose it will be found of service as à hen big te and for use in other seientifie and technical i “The present catalogue has been brought down to 1898. Annual lists of future Md dirtiotis will be published in the Kew Bulletin. ; TL THISELTON-DYER, Director, Royal Botanie Gardens, Kew. March, 1899. Curacao meg —This drug was formerly supposed to be derived from the same plant as po d aloes ler and Hanbury, ene en 2nd ed., p. 679). e latter is yielded by Aloe ver s A es Lam: » Of the ied yielding the former, Be E. mes authentic specimens through Professor ES bia of Hon (Pharm. Journ., September 13 1890, p. 205). They were unhesitatingly referred by Mr. J. G. to Aloe es = Baker (Bot. Mag., 6,301), of which the native country is unkno Mr. rer sande: :— “It would appear that the Curaçao aloe plant is nearly allied but yet specifically distinct from A. vera, L. (A. barbadensis, a .), 80 that the specific difference might go far towards ng the characteristic odour and appearance ne zu Moo as compared with the Barbados aloes of commerce oe 87 Mr. Consul Jesurun, in his Report on the Trade of Curaçao and its Dependencies for 1898, p. 7, gives the following account of the present state of the industry :— exu uud eri of aloes came from the Island of Aruba, and has been re-shipped to New York, the only market where anything near the cost ts of manufacturing could be obtained for the indifferent quality. Aruba, Bonaire, and Curagao could produce very clean and high grade aloes were the price for such quality any better than that obtainable at present on foreign markets, where buyers give preference to the dirty or low grades on account of cheapness, and because those who handle this article abroad are able to obtain, by means of suitable machinery and processes, the exact grade desired at a far lower cost than is po ible in these islands. The low prices for this article have been yielding less, owing to the BE ga levied by this Government, and the producers and exporters have suffered greatly. In ‘the Island of ety where there are large tracts of land planted only with aloes, the producers are unable to export any qu pits) for the above Medo and the same is to be said as to this Assam Rubber in Egypt.—A short note in the Kew Ed vd mentary letters show the Een that Mr. Floyer has met with in continuing the experime MR. E. A. FLOYER TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Cairo, July 17, 1898. SIR, THANK you for sending me the Bulletin about our india- rubber. This year we are trying the yield of each tree. Mr. Luiji Heinschneider, of the Gezira Palace, has placed some trees ars ped. s gave 23 Ibs.; No. 2, 5$ lbs. The tapping is condueted with a view of getting another yield next year from the same trees. The year's crop of ee will be about 7,000 only. We are still unsuccessful with see Yours trul y (Signed) ERNEST A. FLOYER. Cairo, June 12, 1899. DEAR SIR Geant wa THE thre e trees, Ficus elastica, which I 2 ry year, and mes yielded 10} Ibs. of rubber, sold at 3s. 3d. per Ib., have been tapped again this spring. They yielded 51 TR of Tubbér the erii es Eom off being in tree No. 2, which is much over- grown by tr 0. I have pat oat this spring See A 000 Ficus, and hope in due time a rubber industry may be s ps y, (Signed) - ce A, FLOYER. 88 Peony disease. Bee have shared in the revived popularity of herbaceous gardening. Frequent complaints are, however, made of their liability p» disease. Characteristic Specimens have b Glasnevin. The following report was furnished upon them, which is published for general information :— The Peeonies are suffering from * oe disease," caused by a minute fungus called Sclerotinia Peon Spraying at intervals of four days with a re of potassium sulphide (1 oz. of potassium sulphide dissolved in 3 gallons of water) will check the spread of the disease. To prevent a recurrence next season, diseased leaves should be removed promptly, to prevent the formation of sclerotia in the diseased tissue. During autumn, the soil should be removed from the crown and € the root, and replaced by fresh soil mixed with quicklim next season = intervals of a week, with potassium sulphide solution, commencing first when the leaves appear above ground. : G. M. May 5th, 1899. Cultivation of Turnsole.— The Parisian daily paper Le petit Journal of December 11, 1898, contained the following account of the cultivation of Chrozophora un ia at Grand Gallargues in the department of Gard, South France “ This year’s harvest, "which has best | a fairly good one, is for the most part as usual absorbed by the Dutch cheese industry. Our soil is peculiarly suited to the cultivation of Chrozophora tinctoria (Croton tinctorius ; Croton des Passi or Turnsole), village to ferment. Paraicntülion brings about the Min odi necessary for the development of the fine red dye, which for centuries has been employed by the Dutch cheese-makers. Year by year for several centuries has a Dutch ship put into Cette and ken off a cargo of Croton stems and leaves prepared as just described. “To give them their red colour, the cheese manufacturers of Holland wrap ‘ther reg in the Croton leaves and take them d eru nas of interest may be added to the above. Not until 1808, was it shown clearly that turnsole could be cultivated from seed. Before this ge the people of Grand ee which, then, a8 now, was the re of the indu ustry, har ested their entire crop from wild ie a u ear by year in the mo rt of July, August, and Septemb er, Bows scattered throug’: the depart of the So e—Bouches du Rhóne, Var, Gard, Hérault, Pyrénées aioa and Vaucluse —zathering the plaats where . abundant, and fer.nenting them on the spot. TEA & COFFEE DISEASES. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BU ds td OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, Nos. 151-152.] JULY and AUGUST. (1899. DCLIL—TEA AND COFFEE DISEASES. (With Plate.) BROWN BLIGHT OF TEA. The “ blights " which affect tea in Assam were pter cna and described in the Kew Bulletin for last year (pp. -112). Another and different one has made its appearance in Oi lon, and has been transmitted to Kew for investigation by Mr. J. C. Willis, M.A., F.L.S., Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, PERADENIYA, CEYLON, TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEw. Royal Botanic Gardens, dec d Al SIR, il 10, 1899. By parcel post this week I send you a tin prev some eg n x i blight which is causing considerable injury to te of the planting districts of Ceylon. It resembles tiò “ wey blight ” of Assam (which is also common here) in its action on the leaf, and I have recommended similar measures for its eradication to those used for that pest. The specimens enclosed show the conidial fructification of the fungus, and I am sending them in the hope that you may be able to give me the name of the fungus to enable me to round off my inves- tigations into its ravages and life history. In the event of your publishing any account of this disease, I have to request that the name of the estate mentioned on the specimens be withheld from publication. Notes upon the disease are given below. am, &c., (Signed) JOHN C, WILLIS. The Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. 3435—1375—8/99 Wt92 D&S 29 90 [ Enclosure. ] “pasione from Maskeliya district, 4,000 feet above sea level, sent to Kew. Fructifying specimens pinned. Collected 7th April, 1899. Disease like grey blight in appearance and effect, but charac- terised by chocolate-brown colour of fully ee ‘spots on the leaves attacked. Common in the Central Provi Shows first on upper side of leaf, and soon afterwards on lower also. Appears as yellowish-brown patches, which rapidly Vm and darken to a chocolate or almost black colour, and as they extend their central parts dry up, die, and often fall out if the leaf is roughly shaken. teser; the leaf = held up to the light, a yellowish band, 1-3 mm. wide, is seen round the infected area, due to the spreading of t the mycelium into the still artta area of the leaf, which loses its green colour Fructifications not often seen ; on the accompany ing specimens they show in typical form, as pinkish spots, more or less concen- trically grouped. The spores are oval-oblong, unicellular, hyaline. The blight spreads very rapidiy, and does much damage. Measures of treatment recommended are the same as for grey blight. J. C. W. 10th April, 1899. The specimens were examined by Mr. Massee, the Principal Assistant for Cryptograms in the werde of the Royal cinia He furnished the following report e fungus per = be undescribed, acit may be known as corem es Cam All the many known n species of Medien inui are parasites, and’ sacs are destructive to important econom Sp with Bordeaux tern, or with dion aont solution of Renee d of copper has proved effective in checking the spread tea, having glabrous leaves, success mainly depends on the fine- ness of the spray, which should hang like a fog. A coarse spray . causes the solution to form drops which roll off the polished surface of the leaves. In addition to spraying, all diseased leaves should be collected and burned, as Colletotrichwin is a form-genus (=the conidial bens of. an ascigerous fungus), and if the ates are allowed o fall and remain on the ground under the trees, the higher form of fruit would form on the decaying leaves and inoculate the new leaves the following season. G.M 3rd May, 1899. The nr description has now been prepared by Mr. Mas The Sere present on the leaves proves to be a species of Colletotrichum, a genus perhaps too closely allied to Glaosporium, differing en! in the presence of a variable number of coloured 91 spines being intermixed with the conidiophores. Numer species belonging to these genera are known a ei parasites, attacking more especially leaves and frui The leaves of the tea plant are er le in the first instance by fisting spores settling on their upper surface when p. range of mycelium in the tissues. Eventually the SESA porin of the p changes to a dull grey Bee nd becomes studded with nu us very minute black spots, which are HORS ed in een circles. These correspond to the clusters of spores which rupture the epidermis of the leaf and become free it adhere to such floating fragments, it is not difficult to understand why the disease spreads so quickly when once established in a plantation. As the species proves to be undescribed, the following diagnosis is given :— ee ze Massee (sp. nov.) Macule amphigene effuso -indeterminate, ee avo - brunnez, dein nigrescentes, denique erum arescentes, postremo frustulatim decidusz ac folium perforatum relinquentes. Acervuli centro macule laxe insidentes, e ee li. Conidia cylindraceo- elongata, continua, utrinque obtu wi tren episporio levi donata, 15-17 x 4-5 p. Cystidia Veterem t ta, septata, olivacea, 100-135 x 7-8 u. CEYLON. Central Province. On living leaves of Camellia Thea. Preventive measures. Bordeaux mixture has been proved t arrest the spread of disease caused by other en = Polietotri- chum, as C. lindemuthianum on scarlet-runners French beans, C. Althea, on reger &c., and would BaS prove nn in the present instance. Care should be taken to experi- ment at firs A a very dilute solution until its action on the leaves is aco Diseased leaves shui be picked before the spores are mature ; that is, as soon as the first indications of the presence of the fungus are weno d. If this practice was universally followed vite the infected area, the disease could be readily exter- minated. CENTRAL AMERICAN COFFEE-DISEASE, : This disease has attracted attention for rather more than the last t twenty years But it is, perhaps, only of late that it has attained serious dimension ns. Apparently, the first notice is con- tained in the Kew Report for 1876 (p. 21), where it is noticed as * Mancha de hierro" or * Iron stain." Berkeley attributed it to a minute fungus, Depazea maculosa, which was the only organism he could find on the diseased leaves. Dr. Ernst, however, in his Estudios sobre pe : deformaciones, Enfermededas y enemigos del arbol de Cafe en Venezuela, Saraci, 1878, was unable to accept uus as the cause of the mala “ Berkeley (ns que la De paved es causa de la ‘Mancha de hierro, sin duda porque las hojas que le fueron ieee us * 92 vinieron con esta denominacion. No queremos contradecir el aserto de tan respetable autoridad, pero tendremos más adelante ocasion de comprobar que la enfermedad llamada así es general- mente de otro origen" (p. 17). “ Coffee-leaf Miner," Cemiostoma coffeellum. An account of this will be found in the Kew Bulletin for 1894 (pp. 130-133). de aspecto semejante, pero debidas 4 la vegetacion de un hongo, mariposa nocturna, que en | Cemiostoma coffeellum, Stainton” (p. 17). This opinion is important as showing that at the date (1878) when it was written the injury done by the fungus was incon- siderable. What appears to be the same disease was the subject of a note in Nature by Dr. Ernst (July 29, 1880, p. 292). He says :— “ There appear on the leaves small spots of a lightish green colour, which in two or three days turn brownish.” Hence the name of * [ron stain.” : Dr. Cooke detected upon these patches a fungus of an entirely different kind, which he described in Grevillea (vol. xi., p. 11) as Stilbum flavidum. He further discussed the whole subject in the Jowrnal of the Linnean Society (Botany, vol xviii, pp. 461-467). SR Spegazzini has recently suggested the name of Pistillaria Jlavida for the fungus on the assumption that it belongs to th Basidiomycetes. This view is not, however, supported by a microscopic examination of authentic specimens. Of late years the ravages of th gus have assumed more serious dimensions. It has proved very destructive in coffee plantations in Costa Rica, Venezuela, New Grenada, and Guatemala ; it is also said to have occurred in some of the West Indian Islands. prohibited countries” for the importation of seeds and plants. A lengthy correspondence has taken place with the Foreign - Office on the subject, of which the following is the most material portion :— MR. CONSUL-GENERAL JENNER TO FOREIGN OFFICE. My LORD, Guatemala, February 7, 1899. WITH reference to your Lordship’s despatch, pae commercial, of the 4th of November, I have the honour to aa ose herewith copy of a despatch from Mr. Consul Harrison, RER a short report by Mr. H. Pittier on the diseases which un different times appeared in the coffee plantations in Costa Rica. 93 The samples of the dried leaves are being sent to your Lordship by parcels post. I have, &c., (Signed) G. JENNER. The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G., &c., &oc., &c. ee ] REPORT of Mr. Henri Pittier on the diseases which have at different times appeared in the offen plantations of Costa Rica. During the existence of the Instituto Fisico Geografico several coffee diseases were submitted for study to the botanical dopant: Firstly, the so-called “ Maya,” E UE 2 dried zones of dead tissues on the leaves, black rotten spots on the fruit, an the MN EE: falling off of Both. “The fungus which idee the destruction of the tissues has been identified independently by two ash Messrs. Rolfs, of the Florida State Agricultural Pha. and Spegazzini, of the “Facultad de Agronomia " of La with the Stilbum flavidum, Cooke (Pistillaria flavida Sp or azz Secondly, the * Hollin" or *Fumagina," which appears as a kind of a soot covering the leaves of the coffee tree, and which is also a fungus s (Capnodiu m trichostomum, ae but in this case the fungus is only a secondary symptom it grows on a honey-like nn. = Po insect (Coccus, scale eat mealy bug) which settles on t Thirdly, several ds of distinct appearance, one due to the invasion of a of caterpillars of a moth, the name of which I do not no ember, and others which were ascribed to over- cropping, ^ rot diem s een drainage, or to the presence of foul wood in the soil. These last were all a. or less localised = disappeared after x time, but the two first are rather common in the neighbourhood San Jose, where der re-appear every Fear with a gradually more epidemic tendency. However, so far they cannot be said to have assumed a very alarming character, and the majority of the planters have not paid ae o them Owing to i dw excessive drought I have not been able to find any trace of the -o on the cati leaves ; but these are sure to appear with the first rains in April and May, and if not too late for you, I shall gladly een to en some good samples for you. (Signed) H. PITTIER. MR. CoNsUL HARRISON TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. ritish Consula te, San José, Costa R SIR, February 98, "1809. In ee An acircular I received from Her Majesty’ 5 Minister in Central America, I sent His Excellency for despatch to the Royal ee Gardens, Kew, some pamphlets and notes on the diseases which have appeared in the coffee trees in this Republic. 94 I also forwarded some samples of =" affected by the disease which the Government obtained for I now under separate cover tna xol direct some samples of diseased leaves, collected for me by Monsieur Pittier, and two phot ographs of trees affected. These trees have recovered, but in some instances look sickly. I send these direct as Monsieur Pittier tells me SP less they travel the better, as the fungus is s to be rubbed o , &e. (Signed) ’ PERCY C. HARRISON. W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, C.M.G., 5 Director, Royal aa eg Kew, The leaves are most ESL attacked, and within a short time become dry and fall to the ground, so that the tree is soon completely ibid of fone The growing berries also dry up and fall before uri M. New leaves are formed after some months of rest, Tepr nii be again attacked in a similar manner, and after the ohisecutivs loss of taiao for two or three years, the tree dies. Diseased er are at once known by the presence of one—or usually several—more or less circular pale green, then brown, and finally whitish patches, which extend quite through the substance, appearing equally marked on both sides of the leaf. Grouped on these bleached spots, on the upper surface of the leaf, are several clear yellow drum-stick-like bodies standing erect. Each of these bodies, which are only about one-twelfth of an inch high, is a perfect fungus, bearing myriads of reproductive bodies or conidia on its globose head. One or more similar circular bleached spots bearing fungi also often occur on the berries. On young twigs the bleached spots are elongated, varying from half to one inch in length. If the er — completely iot the twig, the portion above the eventive measures. —Those er. = the arrest of instance al Cleanliness is of It i impossible for e. dingas to appear u oe of the fungus are present in neighbourhood, and the most effective means otographs. received from Costa Rica showing coffee trees completely defoliated by ho "digaane also show the fallen leaves lying in heaps under the Diseased twigs should Y "Rural otherwise, should sclerotia be formed, and the mycelium become perennial in the tissues, a yearly crop of conidia would be produced. Description of Figures. Fig. 1, coffee leaf showing the disease; nat. size. 2, single patch of disease ; slightly magn. 3,two specimens of Stilbum flavidum; highly magn. 4, Goff ee berry showing one diseased patch; nat. size. A clu n conidiophores of "mes Stilbum, bearing a pustule of iur Si emen a, a, conidia; b, ¥ 95 ae Tages OF BRITISH NEW GUINEA. need the Bulletin (1897, p. 112), Sir William Macürague te a small collection of dried plants, — b Mr. iulianetti on Mount Scratchley. e has since pre- sented zortio collection made by the same rer and Mr. A. C. English, chiefly in the Vanapa Valley and the Wharton nge. The collection from Mount Scratchley consists of about 120 species of flowering plants, nine species of, ferns, one Zsoetes, 2 i i i 8 8 ,900 x seed of vascular plants (flowering-plants and ferns) have already been recorded from New Guinea, this collection is numerically small ; pen n Tap great altitude at ipis most of the plants were found, it a highly LN one; and it contains a relatively large n radiber of novelties. It is i trn that only two new generic types are insluded. among them ; but many generic novelties were not expected from such elevat tions, where the vegetation is of an alpine or ipea character, 'and largely composed of genera having a wide ran Beginning with the cellular eryptogams, the lichens are only represented by quite common species. ‘There are two new species —T'rachylejeunia Giulianettii and Cololejeunea hirta—among the liverworts. On the other hand, nearly half of the mosses are new. They belong mostly to genera characteristic of humid mountainous regions within the tropics. Two out of the nine ferns are new, as well as one of the four Selagine llacew—Isoetes neoguineensis, As will be seen from the following enumeration, the flowering wn to exist elsewhere. Better specimens of many of the undetermined eee would doubiless considerably augment the number fs described. The smaller Vatiitin Valley and Wharton Range collection, iive“ in 1898, includes a remarkable new species Elwo- carpus-—E. aberrans—and a new species of Triplostegia, a small genus of the Dipsacex, previously only known to inhabit the mountains of Northern India and Western China. There is also a considerable number of specimens of Veronica, which have all been Enge referred to V. Lendenfeldit, but it is possible that m an one species is concerned. It is an instance of one very ee en, or several very closely allied species. Ferns relatively numerous, and, though there are two new species of Davallia, they are mostly common Malayan types. One of these, D. lanceolata, differs widely from all previously described Species, in having small lanceolate fronds two to four inches lon In dealing with a fragment of a flora it is not safe to generalise ; pat apart from the fact that most of the endemic species belong wide distribution, their affinities are with those inh bine the mountains of Celebes and Borneo. Indeed, some of the species are identical, and not known beyond the Archi- pelago ; whilst others, endemic respectively in, say, Kinabalu, rneo, and Mount Scratchley, British New Guinea, are very closely allied. Specially interesting among the new plants of this 96 collection are: Oreomyrrhis linearis, Dolianthus vaccinioides, ~~ Gentiana mie di ee. G. Giulianettii, Havilandia papuana, ` and Giulianettia ten Besides the foregoing, the grasses are particularly nee bolsifteally : ; all the species being regarded RANUNCULACER. Ranunculus amerophyllus, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2., p. 1. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Ranunculus sp. R. lappaceo, Sm., var. multiscapo, Hook. f., affinis. Wharton Range, 11100 ft. VIOLACEA, Schuurmansia Henningsii, K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 50. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. PITTOSPORACE A. Pittosporum berberidoides, Burkill; species drach — a P. cornifolio, A. Cunn., distinguenda, cui forsan affini Rami recti, crassiusculi, cortice glabri rufescentes ái setate cinerascentes, inter foliorum circulos cicatrieibus, pedicellorum defectorum signis, notati. Folia obovata, admodum coriacea, per- sistentia, glabra, basi cuneata, apice abrupte cuspidata, 3-14 poll. onga, 3-4 poll. lata, attrita, suavissima, venis numerosissimis conspicuislateralibus in margine integro rigido conjunctis, primaria in apicem firmum excurrentia ; petiolus 4 poll, longus, rigidus. Pedicelli uniflori, 4 poll. longi. Flores desunt. Fructus sub- globosus, glaber, 2-carpellaris, rugosus, a. 4 lin. longus, stylo 4 lin. longo. Semina matura 2, nigra, 4 lin. longa. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. The pleasant scent of the leaves is derived from the resin of the canals which accompany the veins. The petiole contains 5 or 7 of these arranged in a crescent, the central ones being very large. Pittosporum pullifolium, viec species ex affinitate P. bico- loris, Hook., foliis facile distin Rami juniores parce pubescent, es glabescentes et siccitate Folia nigrescentes, crassiusculi. acea, petiola ata, O gar obovata, glabra, siccitate supra en ureo-nigrescentia, infra SeHidibra, basi rotundata, apice cuspidata, 14-2 poll. jor; 7-9 lin. lata, nervo primario conspicuo, nervis lateralibus utrinque in se pro qe meme integrum arcuatim conjunctis ; petiolus rigidus, a4 lin. 1 ongus. Flores ad apices ramorum in umbellas (n specimine unico nobis communicato 13-floras) dispositi ; bractez fere glabre, 2-5 lin. longe, 1-1} lin. late ; pedicelli ji pilis 97 mollibus os tecti, 5-6 lin. longi. Sepala glabra, bracteis colore et contextu et — s XU ovata, acuta, 3 lin. longa, basi crassa quin eee rvia. Petala d Lucr er ari-lanceolata, 5-6 lin. longa, glabra, apice rotundata. ‘Star m filamenta 3 lin. longa, glabra varium pilis fulvis diner: serie 2 lin. longum, # lin. dans, 2-carpellare, placenta utraque 14-15-ovulata ; stylus 2 lin. longus, glaber; stigma bilabiatum, labiis incurvis. Fructus deest. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. HYPERICACEE, Hypericum Macgregorii, F. Muell in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2., p. 2. Mount Seratchley, 12200 ft. TERNSTREMIACER. Trematanthera sp. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Saurauja rufa, Burkill; S. bifide, Warb., affinis, foliis subtus rufo-tomentosis prima scrutatione jam dignose enda. Rami dense squamis sparse aculeis parvis tecti, cortice atro- brunnei ; aculei curvati, 1 lin. longi vel paullo longiores. Folia elliptica, basi et apice rotundata, margine leviter eee imer plerisque sub apice aculeum parvum gerentibus, fer glabra (aculeis nee s in nervis majoribus insidentibus) "tenti subtus densissime rufo-tomentosa, 2-3] p ga, 14-13 lata; petiolus 2.5 lin. longus, cea imbris tis Sti Pedunculi solitarii, 3-flori, 2-2} poll. longi, squamas modo ramorum gerentes; pedicelli 2 Ün. longi ; bracteæ late ovatæ, } poll. longæ, dorso squamatæ ; bracteolæ duæ angustæ, alabastrum te ad margi ere basifix®, internæ faciei tubi filamentis brevibus affixæ, emos ntulum versatiles. Ovarium beds Siösalere, vulis numerosissimis ; styli 5, dis feriam Mount Scratchley, ie en ft. MALVACEE. Urena lobata, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Austral. i., p. 206; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 55. Neneba, eae Scratchley, about 4000 ft. TILIACEA. Eleocarpus aberrans, — ; ab omnibus speciebus affinibus differt floribus tetrameri 98 Partes novelle minute puberule. Folia tenuiter coriacea, obovato-elliptica, Pene sed nn obtusa vel subacuta, venis secundariis utri e 6-8 arcuatis ramosis intra marginem anastomosantibus. Spala 4, 6 lin. longa, Eb eL utrinque puberula, re triangulari-lanceolata nervo medio vix conspicuo. Petal 8 lin. longa, plana, ovali oblonga, apice vix latiora, er 7-9-dentata, utrinque puberula pilis intus rectis non reflexis ; en i longitudinales plures, venis obliquis juncti. Stamina 50-60, o plani tte carnoso demum multiporoso inserta, aris sta a am du unió superante, ee quam antheris paullo brevioribus. Ovarium minder velutinu 3—4-loculare, dissepimentis a apicem een incompletis, stylo "v minutissime 3-fido. Fructus i ignotu Mount Scratchley, 2000-4000 ft. All the other species of this section, which will be defined in Sir Dietrich Brandis’ forthcoming monograph of the genus, come from Madagascar. GERANIACEA. Geranium dissectum, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Austral. i., p. 296 (G. pilosum, Forst. ; DC. Prod. i, p. 642. Wharton Range, 11000 ft. Impatiens Herzogii, K. Schwm. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 56. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. MELIACER. Dysoxylum sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. LEGUMINOSJE. = enge — Blume ex Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind., ii. p Sicil Ex Scratchley, about 4000 ft. ROSACEA. Pygeum costatum, Hemsley; foliis P. oocarpo, Stapf, simillimum, sed racemis elongatis multifloris facile distinguitur. Frutex vel arbor parva, dense ramosa, preter inflorescentiam glabra vel cito ee ramulis ultimis crassiusculis nigres- centibus, internodiis brevissimis. Folia rete crassa, coriacea, ovata vel elliptica vel tedi obovata, 1-2} poll. longa, utrinque rotundata vel apice emarginata, supra costa a venis insigniter impressis, subtus costa crassa valde elevata, venis lateralibus is utrinque 6-8 ; petiolus crassus, 2-3 lin. longus. Flores longiores dim 3-4 = diametro, in racemos u folia we 99 centis lobi parvi, ovati; tubus intus glaber. Petala majora, fere orbicularia, dense tomentosa. Stamina circa 20, glabra. Ovarium omnino glabrum, stigmate magno capitato. Fructus ignotus. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Pygeum papuanum, Hemsley ; foliis P. brevistylo, K. Schum., simillimum, sed ab hac specie recedit racemis plus quam duplo longioribus, ne STIS ibus, calyce non circumscisso intus omnino glabro Arbor — ramosa, preter inflorescentiam glabra vel cito glabrescens, ramulis ultimis graciliu seculis, internodiis circiter pollicaribus. Folia breviter petiolata coriacea, ovato-lanceolata, 4-7 poll. longa, acuminata, costa supra impressa, subtus elevata, venis lateralibus Sie > 6-7 subtus Bönäpiekis prope marginem inter 8 exis. Racemi mte gas ce 3-4 poll. longi, eos er 3— lin F 9-meri, pubescentes, 2-24 lin. diametro. Cal yc is pe oblongi, obtusi, tubum equantes. Petala similia, sed paullo majora Stamina circiter 20, filamentis filiformi bus petala longe excedentibus glabris. Ovarium undique glabrum, stigmate capitato. Fructus non visus. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Rubus Ferdinandi-Muelleri, Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver. Brem. xiii., p. 165. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11000 ft. Rubus erben Linn.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 1, p. 382; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii., p. 430. Neneba, Mount SN TA about 4000 ft. Rubus rT E PI. 4c. juni iii, t. 60 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. ii, p. 431; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. ii., p. 29. Neneba, Muni Soruabier. er 4000 ft. P ee microphylla, D. Don; Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver. rem. 4 p. 164. Moon dosuldar. 10000-13000 ft. Potentilla papuana, Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver. Brem. xiii., p. 162. (P. leuconota, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, ) D. Don). "p.5. Non Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Potentilla parvula, Hook. J: ex wu in Hook. Ic. Pi, V. 2294, et in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. 2, iv., p. 147 Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 £ft, and Wharton Range, 11000 ft. Potentilla sp. P. papuane, Focke, affinis. Mount Scratchley, 10000—13000 ft. 100 Potentilla sp. P. parvule, Hook. f., affinis. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. MYRTACEE. Rhodomyrtus ? Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. MELASTOMACE Æ. Osheckia sp. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Otanthera bracteata, Korth.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 87; Benth. Fl. Austral. iii., p. 292. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, Sa 4000 ft. Medinilla spp. 2. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. ONAGRACE A. Epilobium pedunculare, A. Cunn.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. meet. Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Jussiea suffruticosa, Linn. ; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i., p. 60; Benth. Fl. Austral. iii., p. 307. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. BEGONIACE A. Begonia sp Mount Berai os, 10000-13000 ft. UMBELLIFERÆ. Trachymene saniculæfolia, € in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2308, et in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. Mount Seratchley, ae R Falcaria laciniata, DO. Prod. iv., p. 110. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Oreomyrrhis linearis, Hemsley; a speciebus hactenus cognitis foliis linearibus indivisis gramineis differt. Zcones Plantarum, t. 2590. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. ARALIACEJE. Mackinlaya sp — Mounk Seratchley, about 4000 ft. 101 Osmoxylon sp. Without locality. RUBIACER. Argostemma sp. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Mussenda ferruginea, K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh, Land p. 129. Oriomo River, opposite Daru Island. Psychotria sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Cephaelis Mount Saratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Cephaelis sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Saprosma buxifolia, = x Wright; a speciebus reliquis foliis parvis operati rece Rami tenues, Rance Folia oblanceolata, obtusa, lsh ' lin. longa, 4 lin. lata; petiolus llin. longus; stipule ovate, membranacez, decidue. Flores solitarii, axillares ; ; brac- teolz 2, connate, calycis tubo approximate. Calyx 1 lin. longus, glaber, minute 5-dentatus, persistens. Corolle tubus infundibuli- formis, extus glaber, e pubes veg : lin. longus ; lobi 5-6, ligulati, E 1-13 lin. longi. Stamina 5-6; filamenta } lin. longa, coroll: faucibus affixa ; anthers Valise: filamentis ied long. OBER 2-loculare; ovula solitaria, basilaria ; stylus corolle tubo ab ae ramis duobus 1 lin. longis. Fructus 4 lin. longus, 4—6-cos Mount Scratchley, TU 10000 ft. Coprosma sp. C. Hookeri, Stapf, affinis. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. DIPSACEJE. Triplostegia repens, er de ; a speciebus hactenus cognitis habitu gracilitateque di Herba perennis (?), pO repentibus radicantibus gracillimis (an speciminis depauperati ?) puberulis. Folia a. non visa, caulina o opposita, longe graciliterque petiolata, membranacea, pilis paucissimis conspersa, oblonga, pinnatifida, cum petiolis circiter pollicaria, lobis ovatis sepius 7 aristulatis. Flores cymosi, ci, 6-9 aggregati. Involucellum dense nigro-glandulosum. Wharton Range, 11100 ft. This genus was previously only known to inhabit the mountains of Northern India and Western China 109 COMPOSITE. Myriactis bellidiformis, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 12. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Myriactis radicans, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 13. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Vittadinia Aline, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2; p. Li. en eh 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range 11100 f Vittadinia macra, F. Muell.? in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 11. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Microglossa esos DO.; Martelli in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. xv. (1883), p. 290. Neneba, Mount: Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Anaphalis Marie, F. Muell in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. t. 2, p. 8. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Ischnea elachoglossa, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 13. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Hieracium sp. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. VACCINTACER. Agapetes costata, C. H. Wright; calycis tubo valde costato facile recognoscenda. snag teres, hirsuti. vici on ae be rotundata, en esas Be 4 lin. longa; anther 4 lin. Ter babies d 6 lin. longis. Stylus staminibus paullo longior. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Vaccinium acutissimum, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i, pt. 2, p. 15. . Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. 103 A Macbainii, F. Mueli. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Vaccinium oblongum, C. = nahe. V. Macbainii, F. Muell., accedit, foliis oblongis differ Caulis fruticosus. Folia o eee eoe subtus sparse punctata czterum glabra, 1 poll. longa, 5 lin. lata, nervis supra Racemi breves, prope caulis apicem enati ; bractew deltoidea, 1 Tin long. Qalybis tubus globosus, glaber; lobi rotundati, breviter acuminati, 1 lin. lati. Corolla 3 lin. longa; ud brevis; lobi apice concavi, costa crassa. Stamina 10, corollae zequilonga ; filamenta 1 lin. longa, plana, pilosa; anthere subtus acute et antice filamentis libere», tubis terminalibus leviter adherentibus antice magniporosis. Stylus staminibus paullo longior. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Vaccinium sp. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. ERICACER. Gaultheria mundula, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 21. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11000 ft. Rhododendron comptum, C. H. Wright ; R. retuso, Benn., accedit, sed foliis non emarginatis, coroll: tubo latiore campanulato, lobis suborbicularibus patulis differt Rami tenues, plus minusve furfuracei. hien obovato-oblonga, obtusa vel subacuta, minutissime crenulata, supra fere glabra, subtus acidi lepidota, 9-12 lin. longa, j£ Yin, lata, costa supra insculpta subtus elevata, nervis lateralibus celatis ; petiolus crassus, 1 lin. longus. Bractee scarioss, ovate, 9 lin. longs, decidusm. Flores 3-À-ni ad apices ramorum ositi ; re 9 lin. longi, minute pubescentes. Calyx me obliquu , lobo uno sspe subulato, reliquis ML em Mas tubus dies ulatus, 6 lin. longus, apice 3 lin. dia xtus pelas. lepidotus, in. Semi pilosus ; lobi me ep mu 5 lin. diam, Stamina 10; e n glabra ; antherz 1 lin . long», poris 2 magnis introrsis, D lepidotum ; stylus glaber ; Stigma leviter dilatatum. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Rhododendron nodosum, C. H. Wright; R. Loche, F. Muell., affine, sed foliis basi acutis coroll: tubo longiore, lobis basi multo constrictis distinetum Caulis yu cain. nodis inerassatus, scrobiculatus. Folia petiolus 3-4 lin. longus. Flores 3—4-ni ad apices ramorum positi, Pedicelli 6-9 lin. longi, tenues, lepidoti. Corolle tubus curvatus, 104 12-14 lin. longus, extus sparse lepidotus, intus pilosus; lohi plus minusve orbiculares. Stamina 10, paullo exserta ; filamenta infra pilosa ; antherz 14-2 lin. longs, poris terminal ibus. Ovarium et styli basis pilose ; "sigma obliquum, leviter dilatatum. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. Rhododendron papuanum, Becc.? Malesia, i., p. 200. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. ee x ide F. Muell.? in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2., 3. Without Se Rhododendron sp. R. longifloro, Lindl., affine. Without locality. Rhododendron sp. Mount Scratchley, 12200. EPACRIDACER. Decatoca Spencerii, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2., p. 2 Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft Leucopogon nece Sond. in Linnaea, xxvi., p. 248; Benth. Fl, Austral. iv., Mount Série: en ft. Leucopogon papuanus, C. H. Wright; L. melaleucoidi, A. Cunn., distinctus =. longiore, corolla profunde divisa, lobis acutis intus ense pilo Frutex ramosus. Ramuli hispidi. Folia oblonga, "usd glabra, integra, siccitate longitudinaliter striata, 5 lin. longa, 13 lin. lata ; petiolus 4 lin. longus. Flores » axillares, braciei plaribus parvis imbricatis brunneo-marginatis. Calyx profunde 5-partitus, llin. longus ; lobi ovati, glabri. Corolla cylindrica, fauce breviter pilosa, 24 lin. longa ; = — obtusi. Antherarum loculi basi divaricati. Ovari nicu Mount Seratchley, 10000-18000 E MYRSINACEJE. Myrsine capitellata, Wall.? in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, ii., + 295. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. | Myrsine ] uana, Hemsley; ex affinitate M. quy Stapf, sed minor, gracilior, foliis apice retusis diversa 105 Frutex parva, ut videtur, undique glaber, ramulis ultim gracilibus, internodiis brevissim mis. Folia co ne islas eng olata, crassa, coriacea, obovato- nd 6-12 lin. longa, retusa, p pra medium obscure paucicrenata, deorsum attenuata, subtus i inconspicue nigro-lineata, vat immersis obsoletis. Pedi- celli brevissimi, recurvi. Fructus subglobosus, vix sesquilineam longus, pauciglandulosus, € 4 minutis ovato-oblongis vel fere orbicularibus persistentibus Mount Scratchley, 10000-1 3000 ft. STYRACEA. Symplocos Englishii, Hemsley; species ex affinitate V. buxi- Jolie, Stapf, a qua differt gracilitate, foliis minoribus, er brevissime pedicellatis, calycis lobis in margine glandulos dense ramosus undique glaberrimus, en sub- angulatis, internodiis quam foliis brevioribus. Folia brevissime petiolata, crassa, er ovata, tree obovata, vel interdum fere orbicularia, 3-5 lin. longa, basi rotundata vel cuneata, apice rotundata vel obträndete, supra medium sæpius 5-7-dentata vel erenata, dentibus callosis, venis primariis lateralibus utrinque 2 subtus sat conspicuis. Flores ins m vim 9-meri, cum pedicello brevi folia vix equa basi bracteis 4 calycis lobis simillimis calyculum (acti od sabinas. Calycis lobi rotundato-deltoidei, ii lin. m far glandulosi. Petala brevissime connata vel omnino soluta, eg u 3 lin. longa, obtusa. Btaitiin ı 15-20, v max quam petala breviora, filam nei aada aiil ee intet d re et cum petalis. leviter sonder don Stylus crassus, quam stamina longiora brevior. Fructus auguste ovoideus, 5-6 lin. longus, calycis lobis coronatus Mount Éoomtchiey, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Symplocos iaae Hemsley ; inter species papuanenses foliis rotundatis distin Frutex dense ramosus, fere undique glaber, ramulis rigidis, monia quam foliis multo brevioribus. Folia brevissime petiolata, crassa, coriacea, lutescentia, orbicularia vel interdum late elliptic obsolete remoteque crenulata, 6-15 lin. lata, venis subtus spicuis. Flores racemosi, brevissime seque pedicel Sent glabri, 6-7 lin. diametro; racemi axillares, rigidi, furfuracei, folia æquantes vel paullo superantes, brac teis obsoletis vel koe 'de ciduis. Calycis lobi semiorbiculares, circiter lineam lati, margine minute gen etala ima basi tantum "gp jte i api ve 1 fere o bicularia, concava, circiter 2 nga. Sta 2 3539.1 ee inter se et cum petalis ee Po raus ovoideus, 4—5 lin. longus. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. Symploeos sp. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. 3435 B 106 APOCYNACEJE. Alstonia scholaris, Aè. Br. F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 10; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 312. Daru Island. Tabernemontana pubescens, R.Br.; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 91; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 311. Without locality. LOGANIACE A. Dolianthus, C. H. Wright, (gen. nov.); Hymenocnemidi, Hook. f. proximus. Flores axillares, solitarii. Calyx sequaliter 4-lobatus, sine dentibus intermediis. Coro/le tubus infundi- buliformis; lobi 4, valvati. Stamina 4, ad corolle fauces subsessilia. Ovarium Lege 2 Joculare ; stylus filiformis ; stigma incrassatum, minute 2-lobatum ; ovula solitaria, erecta. —Arbuscula habitu Gorom foliis coriaceis. D. vaccinioides, C. H. Wright; (sp. unica). Rami lignosi, 1-2 lin. diam., primum pubescentes, demum glabri. Folia opposita, lanceolata, subobtusa, glabra, ' sempervirentes (?), penninervia, 5 lin. longa, 2 lin. lata; petioli 4 lin. longi ; stipule ovate, cadues. Pedicelli 1} lin. longi. Calyx cupularis, glaber ; lobi triangulares, obtusi. aoua tubus, 6 lin. longus, extus glaber, intus minute pubescens ; lobi oblongi, acuti, 2? lin. longi. Antheræ sagittatæ, 1 lin. longæ ; filamenta antheris æquilonga. Ovarium globosum ; stylus corollæ æquilongus Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft Fagrea sp. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. GENTIANACEJE. Gentiana Ettingshauseni, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Sec. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 27. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Gentiana (Chondrophyllum) taps Hemsley ; ex affinitate G. Ettingshauseni, F. Muell, a qua differt caulibus simplicibus, corollz lobis latis brevibus Caules erecti, a graciles, 1-2 poll. alti, atque folia omnino glabri. Folia tenuiter cartilaginea, sessilia, Sn ppt oblongo-ovata, circiter 2 lin. longa, apice aristata. Flores 1 apicibus caulium vel ramorum solitarii, sessiles, circiter 4 lin. longi. Calyx cartilagineus, quam corolla paullo brevior, dentibus erectis subulatis vel fere aciculatis tubo brevioribus. Corolla guste infundibuliformis, lobis brevissimis ovatis apiculatis . eum plicaturis fere dieere alternantibus. Genitalia inclusa. Capsula deest. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. 107 Gentiana Briss pini Macgregorii, Hemsl. ; inter species affines foliis ramorum arctissime quadrifariam imbricatis insignis. Planta perennis (?), minima, glaberrima, caulibus erectis vix polliearibus vel interdum procumbentibus longioribus ramulos erectos gerentibus. Folia sessilia, imbricata, sepe confertissima, cartilaginea, subulata, concavo-convexa, maxim a 24-3 lin. longa, sed sepius breviora, apice aristulata. Flores terminales, solitarii, sessiles, erecti, circiter 7 lin. longi. Calyx cartilagineus, lo bis erectis subulatis tubum equantibus. Corolla outs cylindrica, calycem tertia parte excedens, lobis brevibus erectis acutis cum plicaturis rotundatis fere obs olete den alternantibus. Stamina inclusa, filamentis deorsum leviter dilatatis. Ovarium clavatum vix a einen stylo brevissimo, stigmatibus 2 sphæroideis. Capsula Mount Scratchley, 15500 ft. BORAGINACER. Myosotis ? Without locality. Havilandia papuana, Hemsley ; minor quam H. borneensis, Stapf, foliis deorsum vix attenuatis pedicellis cum floribus fere sequantibus rba parva, perennis, procumbens, plus minusve setuloso- strigosa, caulibus ramulisque gracillimis. Folia spathulato- oblonga, maxima circiter 4 lin. longa, precipue margine subtus secus costam setulosa. Flores axillares, solitarii, vix 3 lin. diametro. Calyx setulosus, es 5-lobatus, lobis oblongis. Corolle lobi orbiculares, undulati. Squame parve, rotundate. Stamina ac stylus inclusi. Nucule Great Hf. leves, nitidz. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. SOLANACEA. Solanum aviculare, Forst. f. Prod., p. 18; hagas Fl. Austral. ts iv., p Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Solanum dallmannianum, Warb.? in Eng. Bot. Jahrb. xiii., 41 Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Solanum torvum, Sw.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 117. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. ` SCROPHULARIACEJE. Peer is imeem Benth; F. Muell. Papuan Pl., i, p. 90; h. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 496. ae, m Sasichier, about 4000 ft. 3435 B2 108 Veronica Lendenfeldii, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. een Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. and Wharton Range, 1110 Veronica sp. Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft. GESNERACEE. Dichrotrichum sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. ACANTHACE. Ptyssiglottis ? Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Graptophyllum hortense, Nees; F. Muell. Papuan PI. ii., p. 33. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. VERBENACEE. Callicarpa longifolia, Lam.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 119; Benth. Fl. Austral. v., p. 57. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Callicarpa sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. LABIATE. Plectranthus ? Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. POLYGONACEE. Polygonum chinense, Linn.; DC. Prod. xiv., p. 130. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. NEPENTHACEA. Nepenthes spp. 2. Without locality. PIPERACEE. Piper excelsum, Forst. f. Prod., p. >. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4,000 ft. 109 MYRISTICACER. Myristica lepidota, Blume; Mig. Ann. Bot. ii., p. 46. Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft. THYMELZEACEJE. m. ericoides, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 895; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 4. ri Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. LORANTHACE. Loranthus (Heteranthus) pachypus, Burkill ; serrer ug Zi pendulo, Sieber, affinis, sed pese crassis diversi ssim Rami crassiusculi, glabri, tice cinerei. Folia spout anguste obovata, apice rotu ER ie in petiolum 2-3 lin. longum angustata, 13-13 poll. longa, 7-9 lin. lata, d ee nervis lateralibus utrinque duobus tribusve pri p indistinctis infra nullo modo visibilibus. Inflorescentia foliis tubus cupuliformis, margine minute 4-dentatus. Perianthii elite (matura non visa) Li mmatura facile aéptébitié glabra. Stamina prope basin segmentorum perianthii immaturorum affixa. Ovarium ellipsoideum, in. longum; stylus, segmentis perianthii delapsis, 8 lin. longus. Mount Scratchley, 10000—13000 ft. One notices at once the swollen joints of the inflorescence which, when in bud or after the fall of perianth, give it the appearance of a small Opuntia, whose last and shortest joint is in this case the bud or the ovary. These joints are narrowed at their insertion, and readily break off at this point. EUPHORBIACEE. Aporosa ? Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. URTICACEJE. Elatostema sp. . Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. CONIFER. Librocedrus papuana, F. Muell.; Warb. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xvi., p. 12. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. 110 Podocarpus cupressina, R. Br. ex Mirb. in Mém. Mus. Par., xiii, p. 75; Bece. Malesia, i, p. 179. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. HYDROCHARIDACEA. Ottelia - alismoides, Pers. Syn. Pl. i, p. 400; Benth. Fl. Austral. vi, p. 527. Iaro River, near Magibiri, in the Astrolabe Range. ORCHIDACEZE. Dendrobium (Stachyobium) rigidifolium, Rolfe; ad D. mirbeli- anum, Gaud., accedit, recedit petalis latis sepalis sequalibus, labello minore. Pseudobulbi teretes, $ ped. E polyphylli. Folia ovata, subobtusa, sessilia, coriacea, 1-13 poll. longa. Racemi terminales, 2-2} poll. longi, basi Mer tables imbricatis obtectz. Bractew ovato-oblongs, obtuse, 4-6 lin. longs. Pedicelli 14 poll. longi. Sepalum posticum M ODIGBP UNE breviter cuspidato-acuminatum, 10-12 lin. longum; lateralia triangulari-falcata, acuta, carinata, longa, 4j lin. vus Labellum integrum, elliptico-oblongum, obtusum, recurv 6-7 lin. longum, lateribus erectis paullo undulatis, disco etib bicarinato. Columna lata, 1 lin. longa. Mentum breviter conicum, obtusum, 4 lin. Tongimi: Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. This species evidently belongs to the group siete D. mir- belianum, Gaud., and D. veratrifolium, Lindl., among which it is remarkable for its broad flat petals not longer uen the sepals. Dendrobium (Pedilonum) brevicaule, Rolfe ; affinitate D. Cuthbertsoni, F. Muell.,a quo differt floribus si fori pas labello cuneato-oblongo abrupte acuminato. Pseudobulbi brevissimi, cespitosi, oblongi, 4-1 poll. longi, a u. rnit lanceolata, subacuta, 24 poll. longa, 2—4 lin. lata es ni terminales, breves, 2 3.flori. Bractee late ovate, acute væ, imbricate, 2-5 lin. longs. Pedicelli 3-1 poll. longi, trialati. Sepalum posticum oblongo-lanceolatum, acutum, 4-7 lin. longum ; lateralia triangulari-ovata, acuta vel acuminata, carinata, 2-3} lin. lata, basi cum columnæ pede in mentum longum extensa. Potala elliptico-lanceolata, acuta, 3-6 lin. longa. Labellum cuneato-oblongum, abrupte acuminatum, 7-11 lin. longum, 14-3 lin. latum, disco levi. Colwmna lata, 2-3 lin. lo Mentum ee iu 'acütum, paululo incurvatum, 8-12 lin. lon ngum Mount ck eel , 12200 tt. is on a sm. 1 pseudobulbs, the other known species bei ng D. cerasinum, Rid ; D. ponca Ridl., and D. E . Muell., all natives o New Guinea d LH varia, os javanicum, Blume Bijdr. p. 353; Hook. in Bot. Mag ; Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, p. 354. eet I Bide, at about 4000 ft. Glomera papuana, Rolfe; ad G. erythrosmam, Blume, accedit, foliorum vaginis verrucosis, laminis triplo vel quadruplo minoribus differt. Caules graciles vel crassiusculi, erecti, 4-6 poll. alti, poly- phylli. Folia oblongo = Meg ri-lanceolata, oblique et inzqual- iter bidentata, 1- poll ^ me lin. lata; vaginee tuberculato- verrucose. Capitula T- 9 Im: a, 5-8-flora. JBractec late ovate, subacute , Py te Aen. lin. Pick, Yee 2-3 lin. longi. epalum m pos osticum ovatum, subacutum, concavum, 1} lin. longum ; lateralia late ovata, subacuta, concava, hast obliqua. Petala ovata, ubacuta, concava, in Lae em basi ample saccatum, obtusum, 2 lin. long PEDEM . latum ; lamina patens, ovato-oblonga, obtusa, $ lin. Tilia: intact Bite ee slick: -reflexis, disco quinque- carinato. Columna clavata, 14 lin. agen alis oblo ee obtusis. Mentum saccato-oblongum, obtusum, 2 lin. lougum Oriomo River. n interesting addition to the genus, the two previously known G. An species being G. er eo Blume, from Java, and G. montana, Reichb. f., from Fij Giulianettia, Rolfe (gen. nov.). Kepala heathens Wise erc. lateralia basi ultra insertionem oblique extensa, connata, pone labelli calcarem iiti liberam breviter rre abr tes Petala sepalis angustiora. Labellum basi columns affixum et cum ea in tubum brevem connatum, basi longe calcaratum ; lamina erecta, integra, late cordato-ovata, concava, uasa is medio rassiuscula. Colwmna brevissima, crassa; clinandrium cavum, amplum, crenulatum. Anthera terminalis, fem tn adores ns, convexa, 2-locularis ; pollinianon visa.—Herba epiphytica, humilis. Flores terminales, solitarii, e medio bractearum ar paleaceo-scariosarum horizontale ad apices ramorum enascen Giulianettia tenuis, Rolfe (sp. unica). Icones Plantarum, t. 2616. Mount Se 12200 ft. A very interesting monotype, er voe be Ceratoslylis, € differing in dis large solitary flowers, in the ulate bases of t n l sepals united "into a ese | limb t behind. the spur of the lip, t forming a mentum with the foot of the column, and in the long spur of the lip, isch is about three times as E as the limb. The pollinia were missing from the flower examin Calanthe Englishii, Rolfe; ad C. clavatam, A accedit, differt labello integro, calcare oblongo et duplo bre Rhizoma repens. Vau lineari - lanceolata, ns in petiolum attenuata, 1-1} ped. alta, 7-9 lin. lata. Scapus 2 ped. iim vaginis oblongis paucis obtectus. —/vacemus brevis, pauci- flor actee decidusm. Pedicel i 6-7 lin. longi. Sepala eo Ublongs, 4—5 lin. m posticum obtusum, Jateralia 113 apiculata. Petala elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa. Labellum ad apicem colt E affixum, integrum, late obovatum, obtusum, concavum, 3-4 lin. longum, basi venis 2 paullo incrass- atis; calcar elliptico- -oblongum, obtusum, 2 lin. longum. Columna clavata, 1j lin. longa. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, at about 4000 ft. The bracts fall before the flowers expand, as in other species of this affinity Podochilus densiflorus, Blume in ET iv., p. 44, tt. 192, fig. 5, 200, fig. B. ; Mig. "Ann. Bot. i . 687. Vanapa Valla 2000—4000 ft. Pterostylis papuana, Rolfe; ad P. cucullatam, R. Br., accedit, sed foliis angus tioribus, Si aries petalisque longioribus, labello angustiore facile distingui Caulis aaa circa ; i altus. Folia ee petiolata, ovato-oblonga, subacuta, 1-14 poll. longa, 5-6 lin. lata ; petiolus 6-9 lin. longus ; folia caulina sessilia, lanceolata, Sant concava, 10-12 lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Flos solitarius. Bractea lanceolata, l longa. Petala ee ee acuta, 13 poll. longa, Labellum anguste lanceolatum, acuminatum, 9-10 lin longum ; appendix uncata, 2 lin. longa, apice penicillata. Columna 9 lin. longa ; ale dolabriformes, utrinque icd in dentem filiformem extensa, basi in lobum oblongum extens Mount Scratchley, 12200 p This discovery extends the range of the genus to New Guinea, it having previously been known only from Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia SCITAMINEE. Alpinia sp., A. macranthæ, Scheff., affinis. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. Alpinia sp. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. IRIDACER. Libertia pulchella, Spreng. Syst. i., p. 169; Benth. Fl. Austral. ri, p. 413 we Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. LILIACEA. Cordyline M Kunth; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 915 Benth. Fi. Austra ak < J Neneba, Mount vind about 4000 ft. 113 T ERE gig R. Br.? F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., p.35; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 11. Pea Art 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Dianella memorosa, Lam. (D. ensifolia, Red.) : K. Schum. FI. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 14 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 16 Neneba, Mount Seratchley, about 4000 ft. COMMELINACER. Pollia sp. Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. PALME. Areca sp. Without locality. Adelonenga sp. Without locality. Orania sp., O. regali, Zipp., affinis. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Korthalsia sp. Without locality. n each case the s of the palms are only sufficient to Dionis the genus PANDANACEE. Pandanus sp. Without locality. NAIADACEJE. Aponogeton monostachyon, Linn. f.; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., 8. Magibiri, Astrolabe Range, 2000 ft. ERIOCAULACE &. Eriocaulon sp. Mount Seratchley, 12200 ft. ÜYPERACEE. Cyperus pedunculosus, F. Muell.; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., - 245 Viis Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Scirpus fluitans, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 326. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft 114 ypolytrum Parvibractea, C. B. Clarke; H. prolifero, ae: ehem. differt spicis rubro-brunneis, culmi vaginis aphylli Culmus gracilis, 2 ped. longus, aphyllus; nodi 3, distantes ; ine in nodis sitze, 2 poll. longer, zubro-bruupei , apice unilater- aliter acutate. Folia basalia longa, } poll. lata, j-nervia, in marginibus modice spinulosa. Panic ula composita, 15 poll. alta, 3 a lata, in pseudo-umbellam fere depressa, omnino rufo- runnea, bracteis 4-4 poll. longis ovatis acutis. Spice longe, ellipsoide:e, brunnem. Stylus 2-fidus. Nucis rostrum conicum, nuci subequilongum Mount Scratchley,- 12250 ft. Carpha alpina, R. Br.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 35; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 381. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Schenus curvulus, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. é Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Costularia paludosa, C. B. Clarke; (Schoenus paludosus, Poir. Encyc. Suppl., ii, p. 251; Tricostularia paludosa, Benth. Fl. Austral., vii., p. 382). The generie name Costularia is published in Dur. et Schinz o Fl. Afr., v., p. 658, with list of species and of distribution mbers Gahnia gc Moritzi; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soe. Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 36. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Carex vulgaris, Fries, var., gaudichaudiana, Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 442. Without locality. Carex sp., C. lindleyanc, Nees, affinis Wharton Range, 11100 ft. GRAMINE A. Microlena Giulianettii, Stapf; affinis M. avenacee, Hook. f., sed foliis pikie —— panicula angustissima stricta, spiculis rigidioribus dive Gramen tesi glabrum Culmi, internodiis (summo ad 2 pue ens excepto) omnibus brevissimis vel subnullis, foliis superati, tota longitudine vaginati. Folia omnia bas alia; vaginæ infimee ad squamas ee 1. N d Iıhna i orsistentes, vagina summa panicula basin amplectens ; eae brevissime, truncate, membranaceg ; lamin oe eviter lineares, basi attenuate, sensim in vaginam abeuntes, apice breviter 115 acute, 4-6 poll. longæ, 2—4 lin. late, erecta, firme, rigide, subtus superne ren ve. foli glabre. Panicule stricte, angustis- lin , folia equantes vel paullo exserte; rami solitarii, remoti, pres. ut rhachis compressa several parce remoteque ramulosi; pedicelli 2-5 lin. longi, filiformes, apice clavati leviusculi. Spicule lineares, pallide, cum arista 10-11 lin. longe. Gluwm@ minute, ovate, obtuse, scariose, inferior 3-1 lin. superior 3-1 lin. longe. Valve steriles subcoriacee, in ong valvam subsquans, utraque vie re valva fertilis admodum compressa, oblongo-linearis, subacuta, 35 lin. longa, tenuiter chartacea, 7-nervis ; palea hyalina, eke: E lin.longa. Stamina Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Muehlenbergia sp. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft. Deyeuxia en Stapf ; nulli void e affinis, glumis valvaque rigidis, arista e sinu orta distincta, potius sectionem novam Scler STe ra sistens. cones Plantor um, t. 2605. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. The glumes are as rigid as those of Ammophila, and the valve, though thiar, is still firmer than in any other De yeuzia : fog lea seen. The leaves are in structure very li the of Ammophila arenaria, but the blades are more ten Prid The awn springs from the sinus of the valve, whilst it is, E believe, always dorsal in the true Deyeuxias and reduced to a subterminal mucro or quite absent in Ammophila. This insertion of the awn in connection with the dir side lobes and the shortly excurrent side nerves would bring the species near to Fenlapogon, but in that genus the rhachilla i is glabrous and the top of the ovary con- spicuously appendaged. he great similarity of the structure of the blades of De euzia sclerophylla and of the other grasses of Giulianetti's collection from Mount Scratchley, with the exception of Microlena, is very Heres and indicative of great (probably periodical) dry ness of the air Danthonia oreoboloides, Stapf; affinis D. erigue, Stapf (D. pauc en u Buch., non R. Br.; Triodie exigue, Kirk), sed minor, tenuior, spiculis minoribus, valvis exsertis integris udin distincta. | Zcones Plantarum, t. 2606. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. I have no doubt that this is the grass which Sir Ferdinand von Mueller described in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 38 and named peosiépnaly- Festuca oreoboloides. eee gracile, Brongn. ; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, 2 Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. 116 Poa € Stapf; affinis P. papuane, Stapf, sed. foliis e. simis ad laminz basin callosis, valvis minus acuminatis 5-ner bus, paleis in carinis scaberulis quam valvis brevioribus distincta Gramen dense cespitosum. Culmi erecti, graciles, 5 poll. longi, sub panicula scaberuli, csterum leves, vix ad mediu dense vaginate internodiis summo excepto brevissimis are Folia ad basin dense congesta, flabellatim er pepe. e g setacez, lateraliter compressa, canaliculatz, apice en et oblique acutate, 2 poll. long, rigide, erectze. Panicula paupera, linearis, 9— 10 lin. longa, stricta ; rami inferiores geminati, rhachi appresai, 2-1-spiculati, filiformes, scaberuli ; pedicelli ramis similes, crassiusculi, katerales circa 1 lin. longi. Spieule 2-1-flor®, oblong&, fere 2 lin. longs, pallide. Glume oblongo- breviores, carinis asperulis. Zodiceule insequaliter 2-lobe. Anthere i lin. longs. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Poa minimiflora, Stapf ; affinis P. epileuce, Stapf (Deyeuxiw epileucæ, Stapf), sed foliis tenuiter setaceis, paniculis up spiculis minoribus diversa. Icones Plantarum, t. 2608. Mount Seratehley, 12200 ft. Poa papuana, Stapf; affinis P. minimiflore, Stapf, sed foliis minus tenuibus rigidioribus scaberulis, spiculis paullo majoribus, valvis acute acuminatis quam palea levi paululo brevioribus diversa. Icones Pinte: t. 2607. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Poa papuana, P. callosa, P. minimiflora and P. epileuca form a small natural group, the affinity of which lies evidently with Poa kerguelensis, Hook. f. and P. antarctica, Stapf (Triodia antaretica, Hook. ees = my paper on the flora of Kinabalu (Trans. Linn. Soc . iv., p. 247), I have pointed out that the grass which I then denied = Deyeuxia epileuca was “a very marked species the affinity of which lies rather with some Australian species (of Deyeuxia) than with any others, though it is far from being closely connected” and that “the spikelets come, perhaps, nearer to those of D. gunniana, Benth.” ; but I was then “still doubtful as to the true systematic position " of the grass (l.c. 105). The Menit of Poa papuana and P. minimi- Jlora has now given me the key to it in the dieoduam indicated above. This group of Pow is well marked off from the rest by the minute 1-2-flowered spikelets and e firmer texture of the glumes and valves and will probably have to stand as a section of Poa. Deyeuxia gunniana, Benth., and = closely allied D. ee 117 the base point to a different genus. P. papuana, and, perhaps, also = nun yore are evidently the grasses which Sir Ferdinand Mueller ORDER as Festuca pusilla (Trans. Roy. Soc 7. e 1. , Pt. 2, p. 38). Festuca monantha, Stap/ ; affinis F. papuane, Stapf, sed culmis alte vaginatis foliis brevioribus, vaginis inferioribus brevibus, spiculis 1-floribus m glumis valvam equantibus, ovario apice pilosulo divers Gramen dense er innovationibus intravaginalibus. Culmi graciles, erecti, levissim i, 4 ped. alti, tota piene vaginati. Folia Sra Xp ge ta ; vagi inse lateraliter com press obtuse carinate, firm 1—9-nerves, persistentes, basales 3 job. longe ; ligule ioannis; obtuse subaur riculate ; lamin:e erecte, setace®, eite plicatze, subacute, 4 poll. pede rigide, v vix costata, eves. "Panicula linear ris, ne 2 poll. longa, erecta ; rami distantes, Kinplicee, rhachi angulate scabra appresse, 3-2-spicu late, versi aim longiores circiter 3 poll. longs ; pedicelli crassiusculi, 1-fü ramis similes, laterales ad 1 lin. longi. Spicule orm, fere 211 in. toita; virides; rhachillæ processus a scaberulus. Glume lanceolate, acuminate mbranaceo-marginate, cæterum herbaces, inferior 2 lin. pa udo cane ite d nervis, superior emn en latior 3-nervis. Valva lineari-lanceolata (a neis am tenuem subequilongam abeuns, supern Saar, » -nervis, glumam superiorem æquans vel ea subbrevior. Palea va — æquans, carinis superne scabris. Lodicule fimbriate. Anthere 4-% lin. longe. | Ovarium sont minute pilosulum. Caryopsis ‘oblonga; hilum medium exceden Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Festuca a ih affinis F. tige riens Lam., inter species antarcticas, F. ovine, Linn., su ubsp. 7 . frigide, Hack., isl species ceci ve eteris ; £ ab Tiüfte ’ foli iis longis, valvarum nerv magis conspicuis; ab illa preterea vaginis fere ad os inte egris, ab a pre c ra oe panicula longiore, AD Ms paullo majori- bus dive Gramen E es innovationibus ee rade crebris. Culmi erecti 1-2 ped. alti, levissimi, vix ad mediu vaginati. Folia numerosa ad basin subtlabellatim arcte émet : vagina lateraliter Vis oie ql Vera carinatz, fere ad os integra, exteriores 5-7- interiores 3- es, Ls No penas ; ligule brevis- sime, obtuse s übanricnlate lamine erect®, setacese, arcte plicatz, fere lev Eee carte, So poll. longa ; rahis angulata, scabrida, stricta ; rami iT rhachi appressi, subsimplices, inferiores ad 1j p et 5-8-spi p filiformes, scaberuli ; pedicelli i iem. dites les = = lin. longi. Spicule 3—4-florz, 34 lin. longe, purpur vel nigro-fuscescentes vel bas valvarum virides. Giz ino paullo inzquales, o Shlonptlancéclates, carinate, 3-nerves, leves vel superne obscure asperuls, inferior circiter 2 lin., superior 91 "lin. longa. Valve dissite, lanceolate in aristam breve m abeuntes, superne scaberule vel subleves, ulae, 5-nerves, nervis prominulis. Palec valvas sequantes, 115 carinis scaberulis. Lodicule insqualiter 2-lobe, fimbriatule. Anthere 3 lin. longe. Ovarium glabrum. Caryopsis lineari- oblonga, a dorso compressa, 14 lin. longa, antice vix sulcata ; hilum ultra medium productum lineare. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. This is, no doubt, the plant enumerated by Sir Ferdinand von Mueller as F. ovina in ant Roy. Soc, Victoria i., pt. 2, p. 38. FILICES. Gleichenia flagellaris, Spreng. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 14; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. ii., p. 35. Without locality. Hymenophyllum demissum, Sw.; Hook & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 61. Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft ss ag a AE D Sw.; Hook. & etes Syn. Fil., p. 62; F.M n Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126. CE Vale 2000. Hymenophyllum tunbridgense, Sm.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 40; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 706. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Trichomanes apiifolium, Ps Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86 ; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34 ; nth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 703. Vanapa Valley, En, 5 Trichomanes ver cum WM: Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 83 ; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 33; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 702. Vanapa Sin on ft. Trichomanes maximum, Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft. Trichomanes ne cedit Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 81; F. Muell. in n. Rep. Bri . N. Guin. 1894, p. 126 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., T “703. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Trichomanes rigidum, Bi Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 38 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 702. Vanapa Valley, ant ft. Trichomanes trichophyllum, Moore ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 466 ; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34. Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft. 119 Davallia (Humata) bipinnatifida, Baker speciebus reliquis hujus subgeneris recedit frondibus re deltoideis bipin- natifidis Rhizoma gracile, longe repens, paleis lanceolatis appressis membranaceis pallide brunneis. Lamina lanceolato- deltoidea, bipinnatifida, 5-6 poll. longa, deorsum 2 poll. lata, coriacea, glabra, rhachi primaria gracili nuda; pinnæ sessiles, inferiores reliquis RAP es, steriles oblonge, obtuse, deorsum parce br eviter pinnati- perspicus; petiolus ricis nudus, 3-4 poll. longus. Sori ad i = ; Werke haw: 2000-4000 ft. Davallia blumeana, vase Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 93; F. Muell. Papuan Pl., DM ' Vanapa Valley, 2 2000-4000 ft. Davallia hirta, Kaulf.; Hook. & Baker Syn. Fil., p. 100. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Davallia rege lanceolata, Baker ; Ls reliquis hujus subgeneris recedit frondibus parvis bool a Rhizoma pen breviter repens. Lamina Tac bipin- nata, 2- 4p onga, 6-8 lin. lata, glabra, viridia ; rhachis nuda, b : persistens, glabrum, Hide: Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Davallia pinnata, Cav.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 98. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Da a er Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 93 ; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 36. Mount sek E 12400 ft., and Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Lindsaya cultrata, Sw. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 105; Bece. Malesia iii., p. 36 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vil; p. 719. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Lindsaya lobata, du Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 111; F. Muell. Papuan Pli p. 78; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. ; p. 720. Vanapa Valley, 200-4000 ft. As splenium amboinense, Willd; Seem. Fl. Vit, p. 353; Bece. Malesia iii., p. 39. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. 120 Asplenium cuneatum, Lam.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 214; F. Muell. Papuan PI. ii., p. 37. : Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Asplenium falcatum, Lan.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 208; F, Muell. Papuan Pl., i., p. 16; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. px "746. Mount Scratchley, 16600:18000 ft. Asplenium longissimum, Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p.199; F. Muell. Papuan Fy. Ue De Ol, Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft Asplenium tenerum, en Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 901 ; Mett. in. Miq. An n. Bot. i + p. 204. Vanapa Valley, "9000-4000 ft. Didymochlena lunulata, Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 248. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Aspidium murem. Sw.; Hook, & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 255; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 757. Vanapa Pind 2000-4000 ft. Nephrodium albo-punetatum, Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 264. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft. a ee dissitifolium, Baker; ad N. elongatum, Hook. et Grev., accedit ; differt pinnulis haud contiguis, indusio haud Peta en it. Lumina tn ae tripinnata, 15-2 ped. longa, sub- coriacea, glabra ; rhachis , gracilis, pallide brunnea; pinne inferiores majores, eer eis breviter petiolate, 4—5 poll. ‘lon ngs ; pinnuls UM sessiles, obtuse, basi cuneate, pinnatifide: vel basi pinnate; segmenta tertiaria oblonga, obtusa, erecto- patentia ; pekala sn nitidus, pallide brunneus; ven» segmentis tertiariis pinna ori uirinque costam pinnularum cente haud contigui. a ee reniforme, glabrum, cito eciduu Modni è Beki. 10000-13000 ft. Nephrodium patens, Desv. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 262; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 43. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Nephrolepis deer Presl; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 301; Bece. Malesia iii., p. "44, Vanapa valley, 2000-4000 ft. Polypodium cucullatum, Nees ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 324 Bece. Malesia iii., p. 47. Wharton Range, 11100 ft. 121 Polypodium undosum, Baker in Journ. ES 1890, p. 108; Muell. in Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126. Mount Scratchley, 10601-14000 ft. Polypodium Vp emp Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 338 ; F. Muell. in Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126. Without ene Polypodium vic ap a saa inn.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 364 ; F. Muell. Papuan PI. i., p. 48 ; Bei ith. Fl. Austral, vii., p. 769. Neneba, Mount deis about 4000 ft. Gymnogramme quinata, Hook.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 387 ; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 49. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft. Acrostichum blumeanum, Hook. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 423; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 51. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Acrostichum conforme, Sıw.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 401 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 718. With out locality. Acrostichum ige Linn. ; Hook. & Baker, Si er Fil., p. 424 ; Bece. Malesia iii., p. 51; Ber ith. Fl. Austral. vii. p. 780. Without icti Todea (Leptopteris) alpina, Baker; ad T. Fraseri, Hook. et rev., accedit ; differt frondibus deorsum angustatis, pinnulis profunde pinnatifidis. Lamina oblongo-lanceolata, 13-2 ped. longa, medio 8-9 poll. lata, ad basin sensim attenuata, membranacea, nigrescentia, glabra, rhachi nuda ; pinne lanceolate, sessiles, centrales 1 poll. longe l poll. late, rhachi anguste alata, inferiores sensim minores de pinnatifide ; segmenta tertiaria linearia, integra, uninervata ; eee radni; brevis. Sori pauci, prerani sparsi. Mount Scratchley, 10000-18900 ft. Marattia fraxinea, Sm., var., sambucina, (Blume); Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., pp. 440, 441. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Ophioglossum pendulum, Linn. ; Hook. Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 446. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. LYCOPODIACEÆ, Lycopodium cernuum, Linn. ; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 23. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. 3435 c 192 3 Lycopodium Phlegmaria, Linn.; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 22. Locality uncertain. Lycopodium scariosum, Forst.; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 29. Without locality. SELAGINELLACEJE. Selaginella caulescens, Spring; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 94. Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Selaginella viridangula, Spring ? ; Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft Selaginella Wallichii, Spring; Baker, Fern Allies, 90. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft Baker, Fern Allies, p. 92. Isoetes neoguineenis, vocat ad sectionem S' ticas pertinet ; ad I, Muelleri, A. Br., et J. Kirkii, A. Br., accedit ; differt macro- sporis levibus, velo IN: Cormus 3-4-lobus. Folia densa, numerosa, atroviridia 2-3 pol longa, sursum subteretia deorsum applanata, basi abrupte dino. o bosæ, albæ, inter costas elevatas læve Berger oblonge, pallide brunnez, minute tuberculate. Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft. MUSCI. Acanthocladium ig Broth. & Geheeb in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, 1v., p. 100. Wharton Range, ‘2100. ft. Acanthocladium complanatulum, Broth. en someone: tulum, C. Müll. in Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vi, p. 8 Without locality. Acrocladium politum, Witt. in Journ. Linn. Soc., xii., Wharton Range, 11100 ft Dal gens m Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Holsinafors, lv., p. 9. Mount Scott 12200 ft. Ectropothecium (Vesicularia) angustirete, Broth. in Ófvers. Finsk. Vel, "wem Förh. Helsingfors, \v., p. 96. Astrolabe Range, 2000 ft. thecium ena Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. re elsingfors, lv., p. 98. Without locality. p. 531. 123 Ectropothecium pr m Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 96. Without locality. Ectropothecium nn, Broth. & Geheeb in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, 1v., p. 97. Without locality. ten ei Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv. Without quie nbi dia nn Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, p. 92. Without Pos d Leptostomum intermedium, Broth. in Ófvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Fórh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 86. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Leucophanes Giulianettii, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 72. Without locality. Macromitrium erg Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 80. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Microthamnium macrocarpum, Jaeg. Adum. ii., p. 497. Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft Mniodendron fusco-aciculare, Broth. (Hypnodendron fusco- aciculare, C. Müll. in Uhlworm & Haenl. Bibl. Bot., ii., Heft 13, Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft. Neckera (Nanocarpidium) Giulianettii, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 24. Without locality. Papillaria floribunda C. Müll, in Linnea, xl., p 267. Without locality. Pterobryum piliferum, Broth. d Geheeb in Öfvers. Finsk, Ve Soe. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 93. Without locality. Schistomitrium breviapiculatum, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.- Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 72. Without locality. 3435 C2 124 Schl a a Sas Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soe, Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 82. Without aly: Schlotheimia pilicalyx, Broth. & Geheeb in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.- Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, xxxiv., p. 61. Wharton Range, 11100 ft. Symblepharis obliqua, Brotherus un obliquum, Salinon in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxiii, p. ); species distinctis- sima, a S, perichetiali, Wils., statura PObadH oS et theca asym- metrica ssepe curvatula facile Koben da. Planta robusta, ok nint. ceespitibus compactis 3-4 cm. altis utescentib erectis fastigiatis. Folia sicca crispata, humida erecto-patentia, e basi oblonga sensim longe lanceolato-subulata, acuta, marginibus erectis integris vel summo apice parcissime denticulatis, nervo basi circa 15 mm. lato cum apice evanido ; cellule incrassate, subquadrate, basilares lineares, alares numerose, magne, fusco- aures, Vene eves. Bractece perichetii in cylindrum exsertum convolute, basi longe vaginante longe subulate, subula subintegra. n eta 2 cm. alta, flexuosula, tenuis, lutea vel lutescenti- rubra. Theca erecta, asymmetrica, recta vel curvatula, cylindrica, fusca, levissima; peristomium simplex; exostomii dentes 16, r papillosis, purpurei; operculum e basi conica an oblique rostratum. Spore 017-020 mm., oliad, papillos Wharton Range, 11100 ft. oae tae adpressus, Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 78. Without bodatty: Syrrhopodon croceus, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc., iii., Suppl., p. 41. Oriomo River. Tetraplodon mnioides, Bruch & Schpr. Bryol. Eur., t. 289. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. Fran cymbifolium, Dozy & .Molkenb. Bryol. Javan. ii., p: 11 221 Without locality. Thuidium glaucinum, Bosch & Lac. in Dozy & Molkenb. Bryol. Javan, ii., p. 117, t. 222. Without locality. Trichosteleum hamatum Jaeg. Adum. ii., p. 486. Without locality. 135 Trichosteleum papillatum, Paris in Actes Sor. Linn. Bordeaux, li., p. 349. Oriomo River. Zygodon Reinwardtii, A. Br. in Bryol. Eur. iii., Zygodon, p. 9. Without locality. HEPATICJE. Cololejeunea hirta, Steph. sp. n. Planta dioica, uen in sicco flavicans, foliis vivis irrepens et subceespitans aulis tenuis, divaricatim multiramosus. Folia pro planta mái) plana, contigua, recte patula, juniora erecta, falcato- decurva, e basi eonico angustata falcato-ovata, i.e. margi * singula centrali ornate. Lobulus valde inflatus, folio subtriplo brevior, e basi angusta oblongus, hens levi arcuata levi sinu in folium excu ei apice epp truncatus, angulo acuto decurvo plus duplo longiora quam lata, post fructus emissi tibus, ad m perianthii de ntibus, o 8 conice dentatis, rostro oralia perianthio Eee breviora, mde te accra ut caulina dentata, lobulo duplo teas Vie Valley, 2000-4000 ft. Frullania nobilis, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1894, p. 154. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft Herberta Wichura, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1895, p. 45. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft Lepidozia Neesii, Lindenbg. in Gott. Sp. Hepat., p. 212. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. — beecheyana, Tayl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot., 1846, p. Without locality. Lophocolea ciliolata, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v., p. 99. Without locality. Plagiochila brauniana, Nees in Lindenbg. & Gott, Sp. Hepat., p. 117, t. 24. Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft. 126 Thysanolejeunea lanceolata, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1896, p. 139. Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft. Trachylejeunea Englishii, Steph. sp. n. Planta dioica, minor, fusco-viridis, in filicis fronde repens. Caulis pro planta validus, viridis, regulariter pinnatus, pinnulis subbrevibus. Folia contigua, subrecte patula, parum concava, late ovata, subacuta, basi antica longe soluta caulique vix incum- bentia. Cellule marginales parve (8 p), irregulariter papilloso- l prominulæ ideoque optime crenatæ, medianæ p, basales 25 x 25 u, trigonæ minimæ. „Fobulus bullatim inflatus, folio triplo brevior, carina valde arcuata, in sinu angusto abrupte in desinens, e lata basi sensim ‘ste status, apice oblique truncatus, gulo obtuso, sepe ad plicam parvam reductus vel omnino nullus. Amphigastria caule eus latiora, a caule recte patula, subro- aon integerrima, transverse inserta; cellule 12 p, angulares magne pellucide 17 x 34 p, trigonis nullis, ad 4 bifida, lobis late conicis acutis. Perianthia in ramulis pseudo-lateralia, breviter amphigastrium florale o ut lobuli integerrimum, ad i aie sinu er "Tobis late conicis acutis. Reliqua desun TREE Valley, 2000-4000 ft. LICHENES. From Mount Scratchley. Alectoria ochroleuca Nyl. Prod. Lich., p. 47. Cetraria sanguinea, Müll.-Arg. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxix., p. 218. Cladonia sp. Spherophoron australe, Zaur.? in Linnea, ii., p. 44. Stereocaulon alpinum, Laur. ex E. Fries, Lichenogr. Eur., p. 204. Stictina hirsuta, Nyl. Lich. Scand., p. 95. Stictina multifida, Ny/. Syn. Lich., p. 363, in obs. DCLIV.—NEW ORCHIDS.—DECADES 23 and 24. With the exception of the Habs species E nn at the end, the orchids described below are from North-east Celebes, an and were collected and presented by y Dr. S. H. Koo rders, of the en Administration of Java. A rough jist of orchids is published i 127 his book entitled : one eener Botanische Dienstreis door de Minahasa, pp. -32 and the localities here given were extracted therefrom ; the pee numbers being cited as are attached to the specimens. 221. Microstylis repens, Rolfe; ad M. commelynifoliam, Zoll., accedit, sed foliis subdistantibus longe peti € ee lineari- oblongis, et labelli auriculis multo brevioribus diff Rhizoma repens. Folia nr dE ; limbus late ovatus vel cordato-ovatus, acutus , 4-8 lin. longus, 3-7 lin. latus; petiolus circa 6 gus, argin b ; in v tubulosam caulem amplectentem dilatatu mre graciles, circa 5 poll. longi ; racemi 1-121 poll. Per laxiflori ; bracteæ ovato- lanceolatz, acute, reflexe, 3-1 lin. longs; D edi celli n 2-21 lin. longi. Sepala ovato- oblonga, obtusa, 1l l 4 Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 1} lin. longa. Labellum 1j lin. bid ; Columna 1 lin. lon NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa, Koorders, 29531. 222. en. cordifolia, Rolfe; affinis M. a a der Zoll., ua di oliis majoribus, petalis oblongo-lanceolatis, labelli- lobo ea angusto et multo longiore, iacent bet latioribus uua repens. Folia eel ee — late cordatus, acutus vel breviter acuminatus, 2-1 poll. lo ongus, 4-3 poll. latus ; petiolus 6-9 poll. longus, basi in vaginam tubulosa. am caulem amplectentem dilatatus. Scapi graciles, circa 9 poll. longi; racemi longi, multiflori ; bracteze lanceolate, acuminate, reflex, 1—13 His: ; pedicelli graciles, 1 lin. longi. Sepala ovata, subobtusa a, 1-1 . longa. tenes 1j lin. longum, trilobum, basi biauricu- latum ; lobi latera = gets apice profunde fimbriati ; intermedius oblongus, bidenta g subobtusze 4 lin. longe. ma 1 lin. longa. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa, Koorders, 29539 223. Dendrobium (Sarcopodium) parvulum, Rolfe; species minuta, a D. pusillo, m. segmentis acutis et labello non undulato disingtqida Rhizoma repens, validum. Pseudobulbi d ovoidei, 2 lin. ee diphylli. Folia sessilia, se vel ovat pe acuta vel apiculata, 3-5-nervia, 3-5 lin ga, 13-2} lin. lata. Pedicelli 5 lin. longi, lateraliter acute a vel mace ti. Sepalum sti vato-lanceolatum, acutum, 34 lin. 1 ; lateralia sub- 0 similia, leviter falcata, obtuse carinata, basi in mentum oblongum levit ier incurvum obtusum extensa. Petala oblongo-lanceolata, 138 acuta, concava, 3 ant longa. eG oblongo- lanceolatum, apice acuminatum, recurvum, 33 lin. longum, margine incurvum ; discus tricarinatus. omm: 1 lin. longa. Mentum 3 lin. longum. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa, Koorders, 29565. Remarkable for its very dwarf habit. 224. Cirrhopetalum Koordersii, Rolfe; C. Thouarsii, Lindl. simile, sed foliis multo latioribus et petalis obtusis distinctum Rhizoma repens, validum. Pseudobulbi subdistantes, , tetragoni, 1 poll. longi. Folia breviter en elliptico-oblon ; 53 poll. longa, 13 poll. lata. Pedicelli 7 lin. longi. E iem posticum elliptico-oblongum, obtusum E lin. ongum, margine m, integrum vel minutissime serr ulatum, apice seta filiformi 2j lin. longa instructum ; lateralia supra basin fere ad apicem fü: ; n. longa, falcato-oblonga, obtusa, serrulata et longe ciliata, 2 lin. longa. Columna lata, 14 lin. longa, doté falcato-lineares, acuminati, in. longi. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Oerwoud Totok, Minahassa, Koorders, 29566. Very nearly allied to the Mascarene and Polynesian C. Thou- arsii, Lindl., though apparently distinct. The specimen is not quite complete 25. Eria (Eriura) tricuspidata, Rolfe; ad E. iridıfoliam, Hook. f., accedit, differt foliis angustis, labello lato subequaliter tricuspidato-tri lo bo. Folia teen. apice ob iqua, acuta ve us ema e 41-8 poll. longa, 3-7 lin. lata. Racemi "Bisnis graciles, cinereo-pubescentes, 5-64 poll. longi, multiflori ; bractes late ongi, ut flores cinereo-pubescentes. Sepalum postieum ovatum, subobtusum, concavum, 14-13 lin. UMS lateralia late ovata, subobtusa, cum basi columns in mentum saccatum extensa Petala m Fatt Mao apiculata, joii branabss, 11-13 li n. longa. Labellum 14-1} lin. longum, 2 lin. latum, subse equaliter tricus- vidutc-tiobun basi callis 2 oblongis Eiche instructum ; lobi laterales rotundato-oblongi, obtusi; intermedius apice callo magno obtuso instructus. Columna brevissima, in pedem longum extensa. Mentum saccato-oblongum, obtusum, 1 lin. longum. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Sapoetan Mountains, at 4200-5000 ft., Minahassa, Koorders, 29564. 226. Eria (Hymeneria) celebica, Rolfe; affinis Æ. florib Lindl., sed racemis et floribus minus pubescent bl et fabelli fae lateralibus angustis dissimilis. Pseudobulbi subteretes, apice foliati, poll. longi. Folia lanceolata vel crepitu di cand acuta, 4-7 poll. longa, 2-13 poll. 129 lata. Racemi graciles, 5 poll. longi, multiflori, b ete et flores minutissime puberuli ; bractez ovato-oblon + E Pi ern "E ["m latissime triangularia, obtusa, obliqua, basi cum column pede in mentum oblongum extensum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, 1} lin. longa. Labellum 21-25 lin. longum, trilobum ; lobi laterales lineares, subacuti, erecti, lin. longi; intermedius reflexus, ovatus, obtusus vel emarginatus, convexus, $ lin. longus; discus levis. Columna lata, 4 lin. longa. Mentum 1i lin. longum. H-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa, DP. 29563. 227. Phreatia Koordersii, Rolfe; P. eleganti, Lindl., similis, differt bracteis brevioribus et floribus minoribus. Caules abbreviati, circa 6-phylli. Folia elongato-linearia, obtusa, 45-6 poll. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Scapus gracilis, 9 poll. longus, vaginis lanceolatis paucis obtectus ; racemus 4 poll. longus, multi- 3] o æ: edicelli . longi. j j elliptico-ovata, obtusa, sepalis fere duplo minora. Labellum sepalis P ongius, basi late unguiculatum, apice — dilatatum, 4 lin. latum, discus trinervis. Columna brevissim NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Summit of Mt. u, Mina- hassa, Koorders, 29493. 228. Phreatia celebica, Rolfe; species ex affinitate P. prorepentis, mer > a qua differt petalis lanceolato-ovatis, labello flabellato- dilata Rhizoma aoe Lj redit d uae parvi, 3—4 lin. longi, cue , 24- phylli. Folia lin lan a, 0 3 poll. longa, 3-33 li Fre, i oil : ne Ar: 2 poll Dur multiflorus ; bract lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 lin. longs; pedicelli 1 lin. longi. i edi a. ovata, acuta vel apiculata, 4 lin. longa; postieum paullo minus. Petala lanceolato-ovata, subacuta, sepalo postico. Padal Labellum 1 lin. : basi unguiculatum, apice flabellato-dilatatum, apicülaidni, i lin. latum ; discus trinervis. Columna brevissima. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Sapoetan mountains, at 3600 ft., Mina- hassa, Koorders, 29494. 229. Calanthe celebica, Rolfe; ad C. purpuream, Lindl., accedit, recedit floribus minoribus, 1 abelli lobis lateralibus multo brevi iori- bus, intermedio latiore, et calcare multo breviore. Folia petiolata, elliptico-oblonga, acuta, puberula, 4-6 poll. longa vel ultra; petiolus 14-4 poll. longus. Scapus erectus, pubescens, 6 poll. longus vel ultra, pauciflorus ; bractese anguste lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin. longs ; pedicelli 6-9 lin. longi Sepala ovato-lanceolata, acuta, 6-7 lin. longa. Petala elliptico- oblonga, acuta vel apiculata, 5-6 lin. longa. Labellum 6-7 lin. 130 longum, basi columns adnatum, trilobum ; lobi laterales auriculati, $ lin. ik intermedius obovato-flabellatus, emar- M esie crenulatu 4-5 lin. latus; discus basi trilamellatus, OSUS ; alear es UN 6 lin. longum. Columna eere 1j lin. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Summit of Mt. Masarang, Minahassa, Koorders, 29520. From an old petiole attached to the specimen, it is evident that the eem and scape may exceed the dimensions given above 230. Trichoglottis "omar Rolfe ; inter species affines foliis oblongis et forma labelli i Caulis validus, n. vaginis striatis verrucosis obtectus. Folia oblonga, subsqualiter et brevissime biloba, 24-3} poll. in pedem latum producta; auricule Ue Ua atin pee recurve, villos®, 13 lin. longe. Capsula oblonga, 23 poll. longa. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Near Kajoewatoe, Minahassa, Koorders, 9506. 231. Trichoglottis celebica, Rolfe ; ad en accedit, sed foliis latioribus et obtusis, floribus majoribus differt Caulis Simia, polyphyllus. Folia anguste oblonga, s sub- sa, C 2-23 poll. longa, 5-7 lin. lata; vagin: striate, rugulose, 310. Jin. long, apice auriculate. Flores fasciculati, pauci; bractee desunt; pedicelli 2 lin. longi. Sepala patentia ; n. intermedius carnosulus ; calcar saccato-oblongum, obtusum, ri- catum, 14 lin. longum, postico lamina oblonga elie fere jn longa instructum. Columna crassa, 1 lin. longa, angulis alat un URS CELEBES. Ranoeketan, Minahassa, Koorders, 9505. ho 232. Trichoglottis Koordersii, Rolfe ; = affinitate T. lanceolaria, Blume, sed partibus omnibus duplo majoribus Caulis elongatus, polyphyllus. Folia oblongo-ancentt sub- acuta, coriacea, 3-4 poll. longa, 4-5 lin. lata oe striate, 8-9 lin. iua. Flores fasciculati, numerosi ; Br nee ovate, subacute, minute; pedicelli 13-2 lin. ck pocos 131 posticum lineari-oblongum, subacutum, 2 lin. longum ; lateralia oblonga, subacuta, bicarinata, 13 lin. longa, basi pedi column: adnata. Petala lineun-oblongt, subacuta, 2 lin. longa. Labellum 13 lin. longum, basi saccatum ; lamina glabra, triloba ; lobus inter- medius late oblongus, sabe sus; l les triangulares, b- obtusi, parvi ; discus peo callo carnoso erecto bilobo instructus ; calcar saccato-oblongum, j lin. ee ongum, postico callo parvo in- structum. Columna brevissim RTH-EAST CELEBES. Lolo mboelan, and near Totok and Bitatotok. Minahassa, Koorders, 29504, 29507. 233. Vanda celebica, Rolfe « ad V. concolorem, Blume, accedit, recedit labelli lobo intermedio carnoso lateraliter compresso. $ Caules oo polyphylli. Folia ligulata, apice inequaliter biloba, 12-13 poll. longa, 10-12 lin. A ee penne Scapus us 3-3} lin. longus, lateribus omnino compresso-reflexis, basi utrinque dente oblongo reflexo instructus, apice truncatus et lobis 2 oblongis obtusis carnosis erectis instructus ; discus tricarinatus ; calcar conicum, obtusum, compressum, 34-4 lin. longum. Columna 3 lin. longa NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Minahassa, without precise locality, Koorders, 29502. . Oleisostoma Koordersii, Rolfe; C. latifolio, Lindl., simile, sed flor ibus amend eee ance labelli lobis lateralibus multo iatineibte distine Caulis abbreviatus. Folia approximata, lineari- -oblonga, emar- ginata vel brevissime inequaliter biloba, 5-6 poll. longa, 11-15 lin. lata, crasso-coriacea. Inflorescentice pedunculus circa ra oblonga, obtusa, 23-3 lin. longa, subpatentia. Zabellum trilobum ; lobi laterales latissime triangulari-ovati, subobtusi, lin. longi; intermedius latissime ovatus, subobtusus, peo carnosus, 4 lin. longus; calcar saccato-oblongum, obtusu ‚132 lin. longum ; callus late oblongus, submembranaceus, apice bilobus, 3 lin. longus. Columna latissima. NORTH-EAST CELEBES. I Ratatotok, and Amoerang, T hassa, Koorders, 29500, 29501 235. pm celebicum, Rolfe; ad T. obtusum, Blume, accedit, differt bracteis Lue ximatis nec. imbricatis, labello ecalearato subaeuto eden Caulis brevissimus. ae gracillimi, glabri, 1-13 poll. longi; : racemi 3-4 lin. longi; bractez disti cha, approximate, squarrose, ` 132 late ovato-oblongs, obtuse, conduplicat&, subscabride, 3 lin longe ; pedicelli graciles, 2-91 lin. longi. Sepala et petala lineari-lanceolata, subacuta, 14 lin. longa. Labellwm ovatum, apice acuminatum et Maps > fa 13 lin —n ecallosum, basi Ka CELEBES. Near Kajoevatos Mice Koorders, 29499. This species is somewhat kniotralodb in the genus by reason of the absence of a spur. 236. Appendicula longipedunculata, Rolfe; A. cristate, oo proxima, sed foliis elliptico-oblongis, labello ecristato diver Caules one dear A slight frost then killed. all the eve and the ends of the ran Uganda Clover.—Mr. aa speed ae e, F.L. es Curator of the Botanic Station, Uganda, has se o Kew a supply of seed of a clover which Mr. Scott Elliot Tokod tein at Kikuya, at 5-6,000 ft. It was originally discovered by Sir Harry Johnston 3435 D 138 on Kilima N'jaro, at 10,000 ft., in 1885, and was described E Prof. Oliver (Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot., 2nd ser., vol. ii., p. 331) as ee de ia Johnstoni. lt is a near ally of the widely d S giai ar a which it closely resembles. Mr. Whyte wrote:— her refoil of clover growing in the marvellously fa attoniti vits of "Kiküyk: A splendid plant to introduce into hill pastures of other tropical countries.” Seeds have been distributed for trial in the Colonies and elsewhere. Penguins.—Mr. Albert Linney, the Head Gardener at Govern- ment House in the Falkland Islands, who was za in the employ of Kew, has, on recently returning home on leave, brought with him three Penguins d the collection of aquatic birds in the Royal Botanic Gardens. Tw e specimens of Aptenodytes papua and the third, the aller hase dead), is Spheniscus magellanicus. Use of Orchid-bark for Ornament.—In — s et otes on Mie in the Jungle" (Orchid Review, 1893, 82), the late Major-General E. S. Berkeley described pce use € the e fibre ^ of Dendrobium secundum for making the string or “connector” with which the aborigines of N. Andaman attaeh the, head to the shaft of their arrows. The employment of orchids for any useful purpose is rare, and the present seemed so exceptional that application was made to Mr. E. H. Man, C.S.I., Deputy Superin- tendent of the [Tu eei for specimens illustrating it for the ew Museum. Mr. Man very kindly forwarded to Kew an interesting letter (dated December 6, 1893), from Mr. M. V. Portman, Officer-in- Charge of the Andamanese, which corrected General Berkeley's account in many particulars :--- he connector attaching the head to the shaft of the ‘ Bla,’ uie arrow used for shooting pig, is made of the fibre of Anoden- dron paniculatum (* Yölba’), and Dihi bark is never used in its manufacture “Orchid bark (Rá) is, however, worked into the Yólba fibre binding the heads of the fish arrow (Táulbod), and also in the head of the Ela, but as an ornament only, owing to its bright yellow colour. It i is prepared as follows The orchid is roasted over embers, until the bark becomes of a straw colour, and the k is then stripped off by a shell-knife. It is very brittle, owing to the baking it has received, has no toughness at any time, and is absolutely valueless — ally." Mr. Man has been good enough to send to "Kev an interesting series of objects consisting of catering alex a waist-belt, an head ornament, made of shells fastened to a coarse cord which is covered with the bright yellow skin or bark exactly corr espond- pu Pt that which covers the pseudobulbs of Dinti obium E a farther letter, dated June 18, 1894, Mr. M. V. Porras says :—“ The Ongés of the Lit ttle Andaman "Island make more use. of the bark than the aborigines of the Great reer “their 139 ornaments being composed of it . The people of the western tribe of Torres Straits, who ‘in their customs greatly resemble the Andamanese, make a similar use of o decis bark ; “Serene are p in the British Museum. (See a paper by Professor A. C. Had the Journal of the ee ee an, November 96. 1889, pp. 385, 386)." New Products from the Upper Congo—Through the kindness of M. Emile Laurent, Professor of Botany at the State eue of Agriculture, Gembloux, en the Kew Museum has received an interesting series of s mples of caoutchoue obtained ‘tro species of Landolphia ictus in the Belgian possessions on the Upper Congo. Several of the forms in which they are propasel are such as are not seen in English commerce, and one sample, prepared in block form is of remarkably fine uality, being singularly free from impurities, and equalling in appearance fine Para rubber In a note accompanying the samples Professor Laurent says that the juice of Costus lucanasianus is used to coagulate the rubber. Accompanying these specimens is also a section of a stem of a new iion yielding tree with the resin in situ, together with some separate lumps. In appearance this resin comes nearest to that of Inhambane copal from Copaifera gorskiana, Benth., samples E bind were received and reported upon by Messrs. R. Ingham, Clark & Co., in 1888 (Kew Bulletin, 1888, pp. 281-83). It "y has some resemblance to Ogea gum, the produce of a tree of the Gold Coast, and supposed to be a species of Daniellia The Meer yielding this newly discovered copal from the Congo has been named Trachylobium dewevrianum. A sample of this new copal has been submitted to Messrs Ingham, Clark & Co., who report upon it, under date August 10th, 1897, as follows :— “We have had the ur of u enis at the works. In appearance it resembles Accra, but we think it a very recent gum. It has a melting point of "about 300°- 330°, ignites very freely under heat, and is extremely ‘stringy’ when melting, which is not a good point, and in this respect it resembles soft Manila. “ We attribute it, however, to the sample being, as we say, o recent exudation, and probably much older and harder qualities can be found below the surface of the groun “The commercial value would be about £40 per ton. It is, however, impossible to judge the value of a ‘find’ of this kind without having a considerable bulk sample.’ Hibiscus lunariifolius.— In a toe to the Secretary d State, dated Feb. 25, 1899, Mr. Low, the Acting Governor of the Gold re stated that the Onde of the Botanic Station was “ tesi ng e specimens of a fibre which he has procured from a long twig-like tree by soaking the twigs in water and then removing the outer covering.” He added :—“ He will prepare and take 140 to England samples of this fibre. The tree grows about two days journey from Aburi.” The plant yielding the tibre has been identified as Hibiscus uae 'folius. Kew is indebted to Messrs. Ide and Christie — the following report upon the commercial value of the fibre MESSRS. IDE AND CHRISTIE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. 72, Mark Lane, London, E.C. DEAR SIR, Your favour of the 16th and mp del to hand. Hibiscus lunariifolius.—This is a -lute, good colour, and hard, similar to that received from China ; will sell freely at £12 to £13 per ton. Yours faithfully (Signed) IDE & CHRISTIE. | SPORES OF TILLETIA. E Weller & Grahams L= Litho Londen, 72.7 59 — Los ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN MISCELLANEOUS |. INFORMATION. Nos. 153-154.] SEPTEMBER and OCTOBER. (1899, DCLVI—A REVISION OF THE GENUS TILLETIA. (With Plate.) GEO. MASSEE. All species included in the genus, as at present defined, are ne en obligate parasites, and out of a total of twenty-six species, all are parasitic on plants belonging to the Graminese, with the siii on = re pam Rostr., and T. Sphagni, Nawas- chin. The for of thes s parasitic on Carex festiva, Dewey, and the latter di the Notice d of Sphagnum squarrosum, Pers. The infested pg croton are somewhat dwarfed, and form ed what ere known rosporangia by bryologists, while the Ares spores they retirees were called microspore In the Uredinez what vat be termed biological species have been proved to exist; that is to say, of a species one or more forms not mortipfogiédibe u may exist, that are distinguishable only by the fact that they are confined to one particular host-plant. Professor Eriksson, our best authority on grain-rusts, has the following remarks* on this phase of the subject :—“ Between certain of these forms which constitute a species, for instance, "as three forms of black rust—Puccinia graminis, Pers,—we hav not succeeded in discovering, even with the aid of a iaisraicapis c ch as However there is a difference 3 betw ween them with regard to thei nner hog in that «d of no little raona interak The difference sped S in that every form is almost exclusively confined to its part Fioulat cereal, ud that consequently it is able to infect no cereal but that one." * Eriksson in Bot, Gaz. xxv. (1898), p. 29, 3790—1375—10/99 Wt92 D&S 29 142 In the genus Tilletia the signed of such idis are has not been demonstrated, but the species enumerated the following pages are founded on füctbholdgici “pape nation of a large amount of material has led to the con- clusion that the host-plant is absolutely worthless as a factor in the discrimination of morphologically defined species. For this reason the es as here understood, do not a o those of many previous workers, where the host was an important, and . not tifreqtiently the only feature relied uis for E Aiari between ee distinct but allied th regard to geographical distribution, the genus is very widely distr. whereas the species are restricted in their range, each being confine d to a portion of one Continent, with the exception of those species that are parasitic on cultivated cereals, the explanation of which is obvious. Of these Tilletia Caries occurs in Europe, Africa, Australia, United States, South America; T. levis in Europe, Australia, United States ; 7. Hordei in Europe, Asia, Africa. The following table shows the distribution of the species :— Europe, 13 species.—/evis, de Baryana, ice Lolii, controversa, separata, Caries, Rauwenho Hordei, endoph ylla, Seslerie, Berk eleyi, Sphagni, (Fise heri ?). ia, 2 species.—controversa, Hordei, ( Vulpie ?). Africa, 2 species. —Verrucosa, ; Cries, Hordei, Mauritius, 1 species.—4 yv: Australia, 4 species. levis, aed. epiphylla, Caries. United States, 9 speci —levis, rotundata, miata, rugis- pora, cerebri ina, p and Caries, Elymi, fusca. Antilles, 1 species. —magnus South America, 3 species. d Be ‘a, Caries, zonata. TILLETIA, Tulasne in Ann. Sci. Nat, ser. 3, vol. vii, p. 112 (1847) ; Sace., Syll. vii. (1888), p. 481. Endophytie Mee parasites. Spore-mass pulyerulent, black or blackish-olive at maturity, often foetid, especially when moistened. Siporés 8 free, produced singly at the tips of somewhat gelatinous, swollen, fertile hyphe, at first covered by the epidermis of the host, forming a blackish powdery mass at maturity. On germination, the spore gives origin toa promycelium, which bears a terminal whorl of slender, elongated secondary-spores at its apex. Secondary-spores usually conjugating in pairs, and on germination producing slender, elongated conidia.— Ustilago, Link, in Berl. Mag. der Gesellsch. der Nat. Freunde, iii. (1809) ; Lév., in Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 2, xi. (1839), 116. Tulasne separated the species included under Pilletia, from the heterogeneous assemblage of species er included under Ustilago, Uredo, Erysibe, &c., of old authors, taking as his rincipal generic character, the peculiar ‘ines of germination and production of secondary-spores as observed in Tilletia Caries (7. Tritiei, Winter). 'The principal distinctive features of Tilletia, as defined by systematist are poto adem free (not rn in groups), E ins 143 a dry pulverulent mass at maturity, and pieducidg on germination whorl or cluster of secondary-spores at the apex of the BFUTYGe elium Entyloma agrees in the free spores, and in the mode of pro- duction of the secondary-spores, hut differs in the spore-mass not being pulverulent at maturity. Urocystis agrees with Tilletia in the spore-mass being dry and pulverulent when mature, also in the method of cpm and formation of secondary-spores, but differs in the spores being produced in groups, the central ones of the group being fertile, the peripheral ones sterile. The mode of spore-germination is up to the present unknown the genus depending on the two remaining features nig above—spores free, forming a palton. mass at maturity ; now these characters are also common to the eins U: nne di and "the means of distinguishing between the two genera in the absence of evidence afforded 5 germination, and absence of knowledge as to the origin of the pores, turns o n the relatively much larger spores in 7'/letia, mises (with one ieccptiehs T. levis) have the Ee reticulated or w Neovossia was originally separated from Tilletia on some slight deren nce in the structure of the epispore. It has recently been studied by Brefeld, and although the spore-structure does not indicate a generic distinction, this author retains the genus as valid; the ‘distinction from Tilletia advanced being a negative character—the secondary spores are produced in a tuft at the apex of the ee ae as in Tilletia, but do not conjugate in pairs as in the las med genus. co attitude is somewhat surprising, dirir ‘that Brefeld does not admit of any sexual signifi- cance ina junction by a CHEM band of adjoining pairs of seco ee Key to the species, es A. Epispore smooth fig d scl, Z levis, Serien B. Epispore warted or echinulate, ied produced in the ovar 20-25 u; epispore with acute pyramidal warts ... 2. T, verrucosa. Spores 20-25 "i wp uem aee with minute warts Vie i^ 3. T. rotundata. Spore a € "n "3 ni : p 16-18, "i : epispore very spiet warted .. 4. T, mizta, Spores pada nE d under the microscope, 13-16 hi - » epispore very m y war 5. T, Ayresii. Spores yellow Droit un ie the microscope, 12-15 r; j : pispore densely and minutel dea ec T. magnusiana ing up i" the epispore, interstices paler . 7. T, rugispora, Spores produ lm Spores 10-18 a re covered with minute, dark, fl pped wa rts formed Lt the breaking u p of the epis pore, 8. Z de Baryana, Spores Mack bees der ‘the microscope ; $ 'epispore minutely papillose 9, T. arctica, Spores 35-38 p; — with scattered exceedingly minute warts . 10. 7, epiphylla. 3790 A2 144 Series C. Epispore reticulated. Spores produced in the ovary. Spores sub - hy Dia or very pale brown under the ppa x 3i "i almost ver convi we vele with sub- c ribs united by transverse bar ll. 7. hyalospora, Spore E Is pallid; = with a ih: small- eshed netw: . 12. 7. Lolii. potet 18-25 p, pale brown ; epispore with a shallow, E large-meshed network... . 18. T.eontroversa, : Spores dark brown aidat ‘the microsco : more or les: med of coalesced 8. Spores 23-28 u; epispore with ridges forming a 2 en "but Sect: g many free ends. 14. 7. cerebrina. : Spores 16-21 p ; ridges of the epispore poer the reticulation N formed of confluent warts 1 spin 15. T. bweMoeana, —. — Reticulation of the epispore formed of plates o or r ridges E 8 i Spores 20-27 p : network of epispore, large- meshed 16. 7. y their. Spores 17-22 y ; network of epispore, small-meshed 17. 7. Curie Spore-mass no tid. Spores 24-28 y, dark olive- nn: retieulation of f | c epispore shallow and sma l-mes shed . 18. 7. Elymi, =, be in. — g 33 ni dd of epis- i igh ; es polygonal, lar . 19. 7. inolens, ^. bees "25-30 in otis mia len ot epis- E ; pore rather deep, large-meshed .. . 20. T.Rauwenhofü. — — Spores 16-25 p, dark brown; reticulation of ¢ epispore E large-meshed, mesh v er irregular in for . 21, T, fused, ery Spores oped p; brown; reticulation os epispore small m . 22, T. Hordei. Spores 15-18 NL : reticulation of 'epispore small-m 23. T. zonata. Spores produced on ‘he I leaves or cu Spores 18-25 u, b , border re Stt coloured ; reti- E eulation of ip me small meshed... . 24. T. endophylla. Spores 25-28 p, dark brown; reticulation of 'epispore Bre ow and small-meshed 25. T. Sesleri@ 5-18 y ; reticulation of epispore very small-meshed 26. 7; Berkeleyi. Bpitos i eo in the capsules of Sphagnum 27; T. Sphagni. 1. Tilletia levis, Kühn in Rabenh. Fung. —-— (1873), 1697.— ed eep br : Spore-mass produced in the ovary, with an olive. tinge, foetid ; spores globose, angularly Rd P KC, very variable in form and size, averaging 17-21 a, or 15-26 X 10-15 p, wall about 2, p thick, pale olive-brown or someka ii almost cream-colour, epispore perfectly pape .—Fischer de Wald., Aperçu (1877), 47; Wint. in Rabenh. Krypt. Flora, Pilze, 1. (1884), 109; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1776. T. fetens, Arthu ts Bull. Agric. Exper. Stat. ER no. 28 (1889), ex Journ Myc. v. 165. .Ustilago fetens, Berk. & Curt. in Grevillea, ii (1874), 59. ; Host. giier vulgare, Linn. HAB.—England, France, ee Italy, Austria, Hungary, Russia, United States, Victori Ersicc.—Rabenh. Fungi wie 1697; Roum. Fung. Sel. EXS., 5217; Sace. Myc. Ven., 373; Ellis, N. "Amer. Fungi, 1 ; Rav Fung. Carol., 100; Thümen, Myc. Univ., 1115; Flor. Exs. Austro- Hung. 352 (nixed with 7. Caries); Thümen, Fung. Austr. a 145 The specimen in Rabenh. Fung. Eur., 1607, communicated by Kiihn, and also Berkeley’s type, examined Fig. 19, spore of 7. levis. 2. Tilletia verrucosa, Cooke & necs in Grevillea xvii. Ma 16.—Spores-mass occupying the ovary, pale a en. pores globose or € lobose, pale ye Siow brown, 20-25 a diam., Sees with larg , acute, pyramidal warts about 3 5 high. — Saec. Syll. ix. (1891), no. 1177. Hosts.—Panicum coloratum, Linn.: Ehrharta calycina, Sm. HAB.—Africa. Mozambique Distr., Portuguese East Africa, rider “Zambesi, between Lupata and 3 e, Kin 'k. Cape Colony, in ovary of Ehrharta in herb. Thunber. Readily distinguished amongst us ce warted spores by the pale yellowish brown or amber colour of the spores, and the large, pointed, pyramidal warts on the epispore. Type in herb. Kew. Fig. 22, spore of T. verrucosa. 3. Tilletia rotundata, M«ssee.—Spore-mass occupying "e ovary, dark brown; spores globose or angularly globose, 20-25 iam., El He translucent, wall thick, epispore densely covered with m te warts — Ustilago rotundata, Arthur in Bull. Iowa Agric. "Coll. 1884, 1 Host.—Panicum virgatum, Linn. HAB.—United States ; Connecticut, South Manchester. Exrsicc.—Ellis & Everh., N. Amer. Fung., ser. 2, 1894. pe id dieser v e by germination, it is impossible to ith e the generie position of this species; morpliolopidally de. eu "characters indicate Tilletia 4. pec mixta, Massee.—Spore-mass blackish brown, formed in the ovary; spores globose, angularly globose; or broa elliptic, arani g 16-18 » diam., margin about 2 u broad, deep chestnut brown, ee nulated or very dpt He vod —T. fusca, Ellis & Everh. in exsiec. not in Journ. Myc. ii HosT.—Eriochloa annulata, Kunth; Festuca microstachya, D Wis — Australia ; pa Per Bennett. United States ; Idaho, Boise City, Ellis & Everha E.xsicc.—Ellis & Everh., N. Ane. Fung. ser. 2, 1895. ' Allied to Tilletia de Baryana in spore-structure, but quite ers gy in the rich chestnut colour of the spore, the much smaller or granulations on the epispore, and in being produced in the wary: Fig. 10, spore of T. mixta. 146 5. Tilletia Arie Berk., MS. in herb. Kew.—Spore-mass buff, Ae et in the ovary ; spores globose or broadly elliptic, 13-16 p r 12-13 x 16 p, border 1:5-2 u broad, very pale straw-colour, diii Govard with very minute warts. 1 HosT.—Panicum maximum, Nees. HaB.—Mauritius; Hills above Port Louis, Ayres, 4754 in — — herb. Berköley, 1 Readily recognised by the small, almost colourless, warted spores. "Type in herb. Kew. Spore-mass produced in the ovary, blackis h; spores globose, ovoid, flattened or A get 10-14 p diam., or up to 12 x 16 p, clear yellow-brown, epispore very Mishusoly granulose or almost papillose.—Sacc. Syll. vii. (1883), no. 1777. HosT.—Panicum geniculatum, Willd. HAB.—Antilles. Distinguished among species developing in the ovary of the host by the very finely papillose epispore. Not examined. 6. Tilletia magnusiana, Fischer de Waldh., Aperçu (1887), 47.— | ; i 7. Tilletia rugispora, Ellis in Journ. Myc. vii. (1893), 275, figs. 8 : and 9.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, s Vertiges He spores ihe e tations poe d he growth of the spore, : eritis gee —Sacc. Syll. xi. (1 895), no. 1337. E Hosts.—Paspalum undulatum, Poir. HAB.—United States, Brazos Co., Texas. Exsicc.—Ellis & Everh. N. Amer. Fung., 2704. e ornamentation of the epispore is described by Ellis a5 — «tiberetilose-PliUaiMko, the reticulations about 1 p high and 15 7 — broad. The surface of the epispore is cracked in a tesselated manner, the top of the warts being dark, and the cracks separating adja- cent warts paler, presenting, on a surface view the a appearance “as Mg in fig.8. Authentic specimen from Ellis, and also specimen n N. Amer. Fungi, 2704, examined. Fig. 8, surface of spore ; fig. 9, spore of T. rugispora. 8. Tilletia de opus Fischer de Waldh. in. Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, xl. (1867), 251.—Spore-mass blackish brown, forming ongated streaks on the leaves of the host plant; spores globose, fom irregularly globose or broadly elliptic, brown, 10-18 p diams — border not obvious, epispore densely covered with minute dares topped warts formed by the breaking up of the opisporo S Fill 147 de Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 48. 7. “A ieformis, Wint. in Rabenh Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 108. ; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1774. T^ Milii, Fuckel, Symb. Myc. (1869), 40 ; "Fischer de 5 Aperçu (1877), 48. T. Calamagrostis, Fuckel, Symb. Myc. (1869. 40; Fischer de Wald., Apercu (1877), 49; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1775. T. serpens, ’ Karsten, Fung. Fenn. (1883), no. 599, with description. T. aculeata, Ule in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Branden urg, 1884, 213, and in Hedwigia, 1886, 112; Bice, gm vii. (1888), i i æ.” . «lop t. Ver 84, 6, 113; gem Syll. v i. (1888), n 0. 1787, under “species minus T. Briza, Úle in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Brandenburg, 1884, 214, and in Hedwigia, 1886, 113; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 17 86, under * species minus note," Uredo strieformis, Westend. in a Acad. Belg. 1851, 406. Ustilago Salveti, Berk. and Broome in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, v. (1850), 463. Ustilago panne: A, Duas Crypt. France, sér. i. (1850), no. 2127. Hosts.—A variety of grasses. Students of this genus have Separated the forms chiens by the hosts. There is no real differ- ence, as faras I am aware ; but for convenience of reference I class the hosts and forms caper: As T, de Baryana (typical form), on sum odoratum, Linn., Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv., Festuca ovina, Linn., Holcus lanatus, Linn., H. mollis, fou and Lolium perenne, Lin nn. As T.síriaforinis, on Agi velir alba, Linn., A. vulgaris, With., Arrhenatherum avenaceum, Beau Briza media, Linn., Bromus inermis, Leyss., Dactylis glomeı ph inn, Deyeuzia "haller iana, Vaisey, Festuca elatior, Linn., F. ovina, Linn., Holcus lanatus, Linn., H. mollis, Linn., Lolium perenne, Linn., Mitium effusum, Linn, Phleum pi 'atense, Linn., Poa į pratensis, Linn. As U. Salveii, on Dac tylis glomerata, Linn., Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv. and a other grass. As 7. Milii, on Miliwn effusum, Linn. As T. ORTES, on Agropyron repens, Beauv., Calamagrostis halleriana, DC. and C. lanceolata, Roth se pens, on Dactylis glomer ata, Linn. As T. aiit, on Agropw? ‘on repens, Beauv. As T. alopecurivor ire on erate us p pi Linn. As 7. Brize, on Briza media, Lin B.—Europe, except Russia and the Mediterranean region ; United States. Exsicc,.—Under name of Ustilago Salveii, Cooke, Fung. Brit., 57 ; Westend., Herb. Crypt. Belg. 1164, Thümen, Fung. Aust., 840 ; Desma mp Cry ypt : A Ber. a jt oy tobias cau x 3 ; ung., 1498. Under T. de Denan Rabih., Poe Eur., 1097, bx 3393; Westend., Crypt. Belg., 677 ; amet Fung. Austr, 1230, and dpi pepi 1020 ; ae Mye. March., eV > As T. E17 lii, 148 The types of most of these names have been seen. Berkeley’s as is with his own specimens at Kew. Specimens illustrative - Desmaziére's, Westendorp's, Fischer de Waldheim's, Fuckel's, Ule's and Karsten's names authenticated by these writers have been seen. Sydow’s Myc. March., 2120, if correctly named, determines T. mb a to be a form of T. de Bar aryana, Lastly, Ule's very unsatisfactory account of T, Brizæ makes this appear another form of the same species. Fig. 6, sori ; fig. 7, spore of T. de Baryana. 9. Tilletia arctica, Rostr. in Bot. Tidssk., 1886, 230.—Spore-mass forming black, very long, parallel streaks on the leaves and culms ; spores globose or ovoid, blackish-brown, 13-19 » diam., mI very minutely papi illose. —Sace., Syll vii. (1888), o. 1781. HosT.—Carer festiva, Dewey. HAB.—Finland. Appears to be allied to Tilletia de Baryana : not examined. ucent ; «a ees with exceedingly minute wa —Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1783. HosT.—Zea Mays, Linn. HaB.— Queensland, Bailey, 228. Berkeley and Broome describe the spores as smooth, but when carefully examined under a magnification of 400 diameters, the a ia EE PRA QU Ear = oes x yea Me dE LX M Ep acram ar E ME cer EE S Vd adu EP aU pe Lr eia nocere No fada dy dada pete X de Ky minute warts. The gregarious, small, linear pustules resemble a Puccinia superficially, Type specimen examined. 11. Tilletia avere Massee,—Spore-mass pale wood-colour, | occupying the ov ary. Spores globose or subglobose, 20-24 p diam., border 2-25 « wide; surface reticulated ; usuall ly 3-5 more or less parallel, simple or forked promi ridges, connected by thinner and lower transverse bars Host.—Piptochetium sp. Rear oa Andes, near Sorata, about 11,500 ft. Mandon, | Characterised by the type of ornamentation of the epispore. A primary band appears as if wound in an oblique spiral round — the spore, as in the carpogonium of a Chara, the more or less | parallel lines formed by this band being connected by tan 149 transverse bars. The e specimen occurred in the ovary of a species of Piptochaetium in Mandon's Plante Andinz Boliviane. Type in herb. Kew. Fig. 1, spore of T. hyalospora. 12. Tilletia e Auersw. in Klotzsch, Herb. Myo (1854), 1999. —Spore-mass formed in the ovary, pale dull brown, foetid ; OS n globose or E A broadly elliptic, pallid, sso 20-2 diam., border 2:5-3 , wide ; epispore furnished with thin ridges combined to form a shallow, small-meshed retieulation ; mesh avenging about 2 » diam.—Fischer de Waldh., Apergu (1871), 50 ; Wint. Rabenh., Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i . (1884), 109 ; Sace., Syll. vii. ? 1888), no. 1764. Hosts.—Lolium perenne, Linn. ; Lolium temulentum, Linn. HAB.—Germany. , Exsice.—Klotzsch-Rabenh., Herb. Myc., 1999. Distinguished by the pale colour of the — and the pale ochraceous or almost colourless spores when viewed by transmitted light, the thin ridges, and sane shallow network. Specimen from quoted exsiccata examined. Fig. 21, spore of T. Lolii. 13. Tilletia conire reri, Kühn in Rabenh. Fung. Eur. (1874), no. 1896, with description. Spore-mass blackish, produced in the ovary, foetid ; spores almost itoak globose, pale ike 18-35 diam., margin > p wide, not paler, epispore furnished with ridges anastomosing a form a rather large-meshed network, mesh averaging 3-3°5 » diam. Mycelium perennial in the rhizome of the host-plant.—Fischer de Wald., Apercu (1877), 49; Wint. in a , Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 110 ; Saec., Syll. vii. (1888), 1765. 7. calospora, Passerini in Grevillea, v. (1876), 47 Fischer de Waldh., Apercu (1877), 48; Wint. in Rabenh Flora, Pilze, i. ( 1884) 110; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1767. Hosts.—Agropyron repens, Beauv.; Agropyron glaucum, Roem. & Schult.; Alopecurus agrestis, Linn. ; Elymus — Regel, HAB.— Italy, Germany, Austria, Turkestan. Ersicc.—Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 1896; Roum., Fang. Sel. 4624; Flor. Exs. A ustro-Hung., 351; Kunze, Fung. Sel., 210. Th ümen, Mye. Univ., 1217 ; Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 2492 ; Roum. a Fung. Gall. 1699. Differs from Bosse graa ylla and from 7' Caries, in the ag reticulatio T. Rar —— differs, on the other hand, from the ME po ecies in the much larger Ripe and in the pet and almost anyets order of the s 150 The specimen of T. controver sa in Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 1896, is authentic material and was communicated by Kühn. Ana uthentic specimen of T. ee Passer., from the author also examined. Fig. 18, spore of T. controversa. 14. Tilletia cerebrina, Ellis «nd Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii. cum 6.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, dark brown or black spores globose or sub-globose 23-28 » and up to 30 p long Ln oe an ier brown, border about 2:5 p thick, paler; epi- mented with thickish ridges which are more or less x pede ry branched, the branches not unfrequently combining here and there to form an irregular Be but free ends of the ridges are usually present in considera numbers ; mesh varying from 2-5 „ diam.—Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1768. Host.—Deschampsia cespitosa, Beauv. HaB.—United States; Rocky Mountain region. Characterised by the bands on the epispore being irregularly branched and as a rule having numerous free ends, although in some spores the reticulation is fairly uniform and free ends rare or absent. Authentic specimen from Ellis examined. Fig. 12, spore of T. cerebrina. 15. Tilletia buchloeana, Keller & Swingle in Journ. Myc. v. (1889), 11.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, dirty brown ; spores globose or very slightly oval, 16:5-18 x 20-21 y, brownish ; epispore marked with scattered regular spines or faint reticula- tions (formed by ale of the spines :5-1:5 p high, covered by the outer hyaline layer, which is 1:5-4 p thick. iion Syll. ix. (1891), no. 1178. Host.—Buchloe dactyloides, Engelm. HAB.—United States ; Kansas. The fungus is borne on the male plants. In its presence often all or nearly all the staminate spikelets produce the ovaries, all of which are infested. The few female plants collected in the — same localities were free from the fungus (Keller & Swingle). Judging from the figures the spores are reticulated at maturity. Not examined. 3 16. Tilletia separata, Kunze, in Josh. Kunze, Fung. Select. Eas. : (1874), 29.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, blackish brown, — foetid ; spores oe ih, parre = angularly globose, or broadly _ elliptic, clear brown, 20--27 p diam., border a boot 3 p wide, not 4 appreciably sales | ; epispore ioa raised eta anastomosing io | form an irregular, small-meshed network, mesh a veraging 15-250 — diameter.—Wint. in Rabenh., m t -Flora, Pilze i. (1884), 11153 Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no, 1760. T. decipiens, Wint. in Rabenh., 151 Krypt. Flora, Pilze i. (1884), 1 Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1762. T. Secalis, Kühn in Fischer de Wa ldh., ar. (1877), 50 ; Wint. in Raben h., Krypt. Flora, Pilze i. (188 4), 110 ; Sacc., Syll vii. (1888), no. 1763. Erysibe en a Agr ostidis, Wallr., Flora Germ. Crypt. iv. (1833), 2 Uredo decipiens a, see in Wetterau Gesell. Ann. ii. si, Lb ey Seals Corda in Hlubek, (Econom. Neuigk, EU Rs t. segetum var. decipiens, Pers., Syn. Fung. (1801), 225. Urodo (Usi lago) spherococca, Rabenh., Krypt. Fiore Pilze ii. (1846), 2 Hosts.—Secale cereale, Linn.; Apera Spica-venti, Bea Agrostis alba, Linn. ; Agr ostis vulgaris, With. (Agrostis Bene Linn., is a form of A. vulgaris dwarfed by the Tilletia). HAB.— Britain, France, Germany, Switzerland, Russia. Exsicc.—Rabenh Jao Eur., 2191; Zopf & Sydow, Myc. March. 19; Flor. Gall. et Germ. Exs , 186 ; Roum., Fung. Sel. Exs. 5,706 ; Josh. Riso. jme Sel. Exs. j 29. Distinguished from Tilletia Caries by the wider border of the spore and the smaller reticulations. The spores of Tilletia endo- phylla resemble those of T. separ sera As first named, however, differs in forming the spore-mass the leaves and not the ovary ost. Examination ot nalen] in the exsiccata quoted above has been made. Figs. 17 and 20, spores of 7'. separata, in one case germinating. 17. Tilletia Caries, Tul. in Ann. Sei. Nat., vis: 3, vii. (1847), 113, t. 5, figs. sige spine indi produced in the ovary, Fe with an olive sheen, foetid ; spores globose, brown, 17-22 p diam., border i 5 p, not ‘paler ; ; epispore furnished wi ith his anasto- mosing to form a rather large-meshed network; mesh often variable in size and form, averaging about 3-3°5 u.—Fischer de Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 49. T. Tritici, Wint. in Rabenh., Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 110; Sacc., Syll, vii. (1888), no. 1760. Lycoperdon Tritiei, Bjerk. in Act. Suec., 1775, 326; Uredo Caries, DC., Fl. France, vi. (1815), 78. Ur ng Ba Ditm. in pum Deutchl. Flora, Abt. 3, pt. 1 (1817), 6 STS. — Triticum ere tinh Vill; Triticum Spelta, Linn.; Triticum monococcum, Lin HAB.—Britain, France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland, Russia, Finland, Algeria, Queensland, Victoria, United States, Chile. Exsice.—Rabenh. Fung. Eur., sae. Cooke, Brit. Fungi, 53 ; Cooke, Fung. Brit., e ed. 2, 429; "Briosi e Cavara, Fung. Parasit., Thümen, fan. Austr. 303; "AE Leiner u. Sitzenb., pt. -Badens, 401 ; Sace., yc. en. 1153 (mixed with Tilletia levis Kühn); ; Holl, Schmidt und Kunze, Deutschl. Schwamme, 190, 152 Remarkable for the narrow coloured border of the i Somewhat resembling in spore-characters Tilletia endopiit he spores of the latter are, however, larger, darker in colour, with a wider border, and altogether larger in size; moreover, Ti endophy ylla forms Sie blackish streaks on leaves, and is not produced in the o Fig. 13, T. Caries in an ear of wheat; fig. 14, spore; fig. 15, two sporidia after conjugation. 18. Tilletia Elymi, Diete! and Holway in Bot. Gaz., sx (1894), 205.— Spore-masses black, u ing the ovaries ; spores globose, dark oltre brown, "24-98 p meter. Epispore WO with ge a high and Jon P p apart.—Saec. Syll. xi. (1895), Host. —Elymus sp. HAB.—United States; Skamania co. Washington State, W. N. Suksdorf. Appears to be iuge allied to Tilletia controversa, Kühn, which has also been recorded as occurring in the ovary of a species of Elymus. Not examined. 9. Tilletia inolens, McAlpine n Agric. Gaz. of N. S. Wales. vii. tage) 154, figs. 30-33.—Produced in inflorescence and o upper leaves, black, powdery, without smell. Mycelium septate, hyaline, 4-5 p thick. Spores globose, dark brown, 28-36 p diam., average 33 p; ridges of epispore 4 „ high, yellowish brown ; meshes polygonal, about 4-5 p diameter. HosT.—Deyeuxia Forsteri, Kunth. HAB.—Victoria, Ardmona. Not examined. Appears to be most closely allied to 7. Rau- wenhoffii, Fischer de Waldh. 20. Tilletia Rauwenhoffii, Fischer de Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 50.— Spore-mass produced in the ovary, ek ish ; spores almost con- stantly globose, olive-brown, 25-30 u d ; Bonar almost colour- less, 3-4 » wide; epispore ee ith prominent ribs anastomosing es form a network of large bionda hexagonal reticulations ; mesh averaging 3°5-4 » diameter.—Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), n o. 1769. Pol eem Holei, Westend. in Bull. Acad. Belg., ser. 2, xi. (1889) 66 660, fig. Hosts.—Holeus lanatus, Linn., Holeus mollis, Linn. HAB.—Belgium, England, Ireland. d Exsicc.—Rabenh.-Wint., Fung. Eur., 3104; Roum., Fung. Gall, — ' Readil distinguished by the very large size of the network on the — ur ub: 4-6 areole being present on a 153 hemisphere ; also by the very wide, almost colourless, border. a specimens from Westendorp and Fischer de Waldheim exam ‘ a r spore of T. Rauwenhoffii ; fig. 5, the fungus on Holcus mollis. 21. Tilletia fusca, Ellis & Everh. in Journ. Mye. iii. (1887), .—Spore-mass occupying the e dark olive-brown ; spores globose or sub-globose, 16-25 p diam., brown border about 2 u broad, paler; the epispore en A? raised iocus anasto- mising to form an irregula ar networ esh a g du diameter.—Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 171. "T. ates "folia, Ellis and Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii. (1887), 55 ; Sace., Syll. vii. (1 no. 1772. T. montana, Ellis and Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii, (1887), 55 ; Sace. Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1773. Hosts.—Festuca microstachya, Desv. (?) : eee asperi- folius, Nees and Meyen ; Sporobolus Vixit Vase HAB.—United States, Rocky Mountain region. Allied to Tilletia Caries, but distinguished by the spore-mass not being foetid, the larger spores, larger and more irregular reticulations, and border paler than the remainder of the spore. Specimens illustrating the species and its two synonyms enumer- d above were received from is. The specimen from the author called 7. fusca, agrees exactly with the original description of this species in Journ. Myc. iii. (1887), 55. On the other hand, further material «— A the name of Tilletia pee (Ellis and Everh., N. Amer. Fung. ser. 2, 1895, in ovary of Festuca microstachya, from Boise City, Idaho) does not at all agree with iagnosis of the species as quoted above, but has the epispore dene and minutely warted, and is identical with Tilletia mixta, The priority of the specific m. fusca turns on this name standing first in order on the same page where montana and asperi ifolia are also described. Fig. 11, spore of T. fusca. 92. Tilletia Hordei, Korn. in Hedwigia, 1877, 30. Spore-mass formed in the s blackish-brown ; spores globose or broadly elliptic, brown 19:5-20:5 p diam., or 19 x 21 a. border about : 5 a thick, epispore covere fed with a me: meshed network ; mesh averaging 2p diameter.—Sace. Syll. (1888), no. 1770, 1. Trabuti, Jueves 1 in Bull. Soc. Mye. Patios ix. (1893), 50 Hosts.—Hordeum fragile, Boiss. ; Hordeum murinum, Linn. HAB.—Turkey, Assyria, Algeria, Closely resembling Tilletia Caries in spore-structure ; the border is a little wider in the present species. Specimen from Algiers examined. Fig. 24, spore of T, Hordei, 154 ne Tilletia zonata, Brefeld, Unters. Mykol. xii. (1895), 161, t. , figs —Spor np — in the tlower-bud, blackish ; PNE globose, 15-18 » diam., with a thin external gelatinous layer; epispore brom, rari with slightly raised ridges anastomosing to form a network.— Hedwigia, Beibl. (Elench. Fung. nov.), , 1896, ik Host.—Sporobolus ligularis, Hackel. HAB.—Eeuador. The above is vaguely and briefly described by Brefeld in the work quoted ; the mode of germination is however given in detail, and beautifully illustrated. Apparently closely allied to Tilletia fusca. 24. ree endophylla, de Bary in Rabenh., Herb. Myc., ed. 2, 500.— e-mass um blackish-brown streaks on the leaves of the [es 1-3 em. long; spores globose, angularly globose, or broadly ellipsoid, 18-25 „ diam., border about 2 u wide, altogether brown; epispore ornamented with a edd singh MÀ = lation, the walls of which are thickish ; veragin 2 „ diameter.—Fischer de Waldh., poc (EN 49; 7. od A in Rabenh., Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i i. (1881), 107 ; Sace., Syll. yp 1), 1 i. (1888), no. 1761 ; Uredo olida, Riess, in Klotzsch- Rabenh., Herb; Myc., 1695. HOSTS. — Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv.; Brachypodium sylvaticum, Beauv HAB.—Austria, Beriahy KExsicc.—Klotzsch-Rabenh., Herb. Myc., 1695; Rabenh., Herb. . Myc., ed. 2, 500; Rabenh., Fung. Eur, 2293; Rabenh. -Wint., : Fong. Eur., 703. 3 only species with reticulated spores that forms long sori, or indien on leaves. The reticulations are smaller and more numerous than in Tilletia Caries. Specimens from the exsiccata quoted above, examined. Fig. 16, spore of T. endophylla. 25. Tilletia Seslerie, Juel? in "me = Kongl. Vet. Akad. Fore = handl. Stockholm, 1894, 494.—Spore-mass forming very long, thin black streaks on the leaves; spores irregular ly globose, "dark brown, 25-28 „ diam., epispore furnished with ridges which anastomose to form a network Host.—Sesleria cerulea, Ard. HaB.—Gothland. The author compares this species with Tilletia endophylla, - Wint., from which it differs more especially in the larger spores: _ Not examined. 26. Tilletia Berkeleyi, Massee.—Spore-mass forming blackish streaks on the culm, up to 1 cm. long, not foetid when er spores constantly globose, brown, 15-18 » diam., border 1 u wits 155 epispore furnished with very thin, slightly raised ridges, which anastomose to form a very small-meshed network ; mesh averaging 15 » diameter. Host.—Triticum vulgare, Vill. HAB.—England ; King’s Cliffe, Northamptonshire, Berkeley. A very distinet species, included by Berkeley eresi Tilletia Caries, in his herbarium. Differs from the last-named, and from all other described species in the small-sized spores, ee in the very small mesh formed by the thin, slightly raised ridges on the epispore. Forming blackish lines on the culm ‘5-1 cm. long. x Fig. 23, spore of T. Berkeleyi. 2T. en Sphagni, Nawaschin in Bot. Centralbl. 43 (1890), 289. —Spore-mass brown, filling the en of Sphagnum ; spores globose, 11-12 » diam. ; epispore clear with a polygonal network.—Sace. Syll. ix. (1891), no. 1180. Host.—Sphagnum squarrosum, Pers. HAB.—Russia. This species is probably widely diffused, although only definitely recorded from Russia. The Tilletia spores are t those bodies which have previously been spoken of as the microspores of iridis o and the capsules in which they are produced were known as microsporangia. Not examined. Doubtful Species. Tilletia ips Ule in Hedwigia, 1886, 113; Sacc. Syll. a (1888), no. 1784. There is no Be description of this species. 29. Tilletia Fischeri, Karsten in Finska his etre ee sins 1879, 10; Mye. Fenn. iv. p. 10. Maines bee, formed in black ; spores globose or sub-globose, ame about 14 x gi or 16 x 12 u .—Sace., Syll. vii. (1888), no. HosT.—Carez canescens, Linn. HAB.—Finland. The brief and incomplete diagnosis prevents placing this Species in any one section employed in the present paper, and s is not wise to trust to the host for the discrimination of a speci 30. Tilletia Vulpie, P. Magnus in Verhandl. d. Zool.-Bot, Gesell. m. xm (1899), 89, t. 2, figs. 7-12. Spore-mass produced in the vary, , blackish, 192 x 16:9 p; epispore with a raised ne his : 156 Host.—Festuca Myurus, Linn. HAB.—Kurdistan. Not examined. The diagnosis is too vague to admit of indi- cating its affinities. Excluded Species. 31. Tilletia corona, Scribner in Bot. Gaz. xxiii. (1896), 210. Hosts.—Infesting the ovary in Leersia oryzoides, Swartz; L. virginicus, Willd. ; L. lenticularis, Michx.; Panicum virgatum, Linn.; P. sanguinale, Linn. ; and Oryza sativa, Linn. HAB.—United States. Exsicc.—Ellis, N. Amer. Fung., 1896. This is obviously a species of Neovossia, and will s tand as Neovossia corona. The specimen in Ellis, N. Amer. Feng: 1896, ined. 32. Tilletia (?) glomerulata, Coce. et Mor., Enum. Funghi Cent. ii., 6, tab. 1, figs. 1-3; Sace., Syll. vii. (1888), no, 1782. Judging from the ee and figures, this is certainly not a species of Tilletia Ps ng ? irregularis, Pazschke in Rabenh.-Wint.-Pazschke E Fung. Eur. et Extra-Europ., 4004 vem description) ; Hedwigia, Beibl. (Elench. Fung. nov.), 1896, x Host.—On living leaves of Andropogon sp. HaAB.—Brazil ; Sta. Catharina. amination of material from the exsiccata quoted above shows 2 Exa very clearly that the fungus is not a Tilletia, but some Hypho- mycetous form with dark olive spores arranged in lines, and distinctly springing from a pseudoparenchymatous stroma — immersed in the substance of the leaf. 34. diee ned Wint. in Rabenh. Kerne Flora, Pilze, i. 4 S 884), 109; Sacc., Syll vii. pea no. 1778. Neovossid — " ; linie, Korn. in Oester. Bot. Zeitschr. xxix. (1879), 217; Brefeld, Unters. Mykol. xii., 210, t 8-98. vos Molinie, — x., fig. Thümen in Oester. Bot. Zeitschr. xxix. (1879), 1 HosT.—In ovary of Molinia cerulea, Moench. - HAB.—Carniolia. Exsicc.—Roum., Fung. Sel, 4922 (comm. Voss); Flor. Ex. Austro-H in. 353 ( (comm . Voss) ; Thiimen, Fung. Austr., 1216. Ts N P L^ in "E 151 This species differs from Tilletia in the mode of spore- germination, and must bene rcr return to Neovossia ; Vossia, the name originally given by Thümen, being a already ‘used for a genus of grasses. Portion of the iy e specimen Thümen to Herb. Kew, also the material in the quoted exsiccata, examined. Figs. 2 and 3, spores of Neovossia Molinia. 35. Tilletia iius Pat. in Bull. Soc. xd France, iii. muet. im t. x., fig. 2.—Spores globose or ovoi p. diam., olive warted, unite der a hard blackish green mass, eia. with sle nder ne pene with an irregular outline.—Sacc., Syll. ix (1891). no. 1179. Host.—Attacks the fruit of rice, Oryza sativa, Linn., which becomes enlarged, black, and hard like a sclerotium. HAB.—Japan ; Environs of Yokosha, Island of Nippon. The Id proves that this fungus is not a Tilletia, in fact it forms the type of a new genus—U. He no PEDE by Brefeld, who cannot indicate its affinities. There are two species, U. ze and U. Setarie. Perhaps it would dela bémi wiser not to zc established a new genus bier it could have been diagnosed er features than spore-germination alone. Every myco- ee is deeply indebted to Brefeld dor his marvellous researches on spore-germination, but as to whether mycologists have accepted the idea that everything systematic rests on this one feature, or whether it is really to be regarded as the fundamental and only feature of value, remains yet to be decided. 36. Tilletia sterilis, Ule in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Brandenburg, 1884, 214 ; Hedwigia, 1886, 114; Sacce., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1788, under s Species minus no ote.” Host.—Festuca ovina, Linn. ; Keleria cristata, Pers. HaB.—Germany. Exsicc.—Rabenh.-Wint., Fung. Eur., 3605 (comm. Ule). The different oe of this hypothetical species, as given by Sone but lacking satisfactory evidence called the species sterilis, bly as a reproach for its sterility. The specimen furnished by y Ule to Rabenhorst's exsiecata eo AHi with the jp name, and "e so far as the Kew copy is concerned, be described as sterilis 37. Tilletia pte eee Beck in Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, 1885, 361.—Spore-mass ochraceous, produced in the ovules ; spores globose or rarely subglobose, ochraceous, ee 14:7-17:5 p diam. ; epispore densely verruculose-aculeate 3790 B ‚Host. — Thlaspi alpestre, Linn. HAB.— Austria. amined. Developing in ovules of scarcely age fruit of Thlaspi dging ihe description, the alpestre. Not ex 158 present ‘fungus i is nota Tilletia but a Sor 'osporiwum. INDEX. Specific names in italics are those not retained. ERYSIBE herococca a Agrostidis, Wallr. LYCOPERDON ca, Rostr. = ... a asperifol = Ellis and Everh. æ, Ul i Ayresii, J n Berkeley: T Pos Brize, | buchloean: a, Keller and. Swingle Calamagrostis, "m ckel T Caries. Tul. serebrina, Ellis and Beer ch. controversa. €— ihn corona, Scri ibne aryana, Fi Ee de Wald. . deripions, Elymi, Dictel and Howay y endophylla, de Bar sea Lu Berk and Br vonie a 'erulat. ata, Ape r lævis, Kühn er vas Lolii, Awersw, Description of the Figures on Plate. Si of Ti ms hyalospora, x 750. Neo magnusiana, Fischer de M oer ae Fuckel ixta, 7 Molin: notani Enis ‘and "Everh. olida, Win Orize Pat Rauwenhoft, Fischer de Waldi, , DC. deci piens a, Strauss olida, Riess Secali is, Cor Segetum var. deei eipiens, Pers. .- Ditm e sitophila, Salveii, Berk. ibd Broome x VOSSIA Molinie, Thümen 159 eh E Tilletia de Baryand, x 150. Por of surface of spore of Tilletia rugispora, sot ng the dark epispore cracked into irregularly polygonal — : Bor white lines correspond to the hyaline epispore 000. p ^ Spore of Tilletia vuditiólids x 750. 50. en sS PEA - 2 mixta, x 7 n de AN » fusca, x 750. 51 erebrina 2. 50. a da: Portion of an ear of wheat infected with Tilletia Caries, na » 14. Spore of Tilletia Cari €— „ 15. Two sporidia of Tilletia Caries that have conjugated and produced sporidiola ei Tulasne), x about 460. » 16. Spore of Tilletia endophylla, „ 17. Spore of Tilletia separata pontilantitg (after Brefeld), CH US ELE Bof of Tilletia controversa, x 150. 19 levi. 5 » 19, 5 "s evis, u. " 5 separata, x 750. jj el. i Lolii, x 150. » me. - - verrucosa, x 150. » de. u v US x 750. » 94. $s s: -Horden x 150. DCLVII.—CENTRAL AMERICAN RUBBER. (Castilloa elastica, Cerv.) Some account of Castilloa rubber, and of the species producing it, was given in the Kew Bulletin for 1887, pp. 13-16. Since then attention in Mexico and the West Indies. It has not, however, been easy to obtain any trustworthy data as to the practical States Consular Reports (May, 1899, pp. 147-151). It appears to have been drawn up EU man conversant with the subject and with a good deal of care : * Consul-General Beaupré sends from Guatemala, under date of January 28, 1899, a translation of an artiele on rubber prepared by Mr. José Horta, 'of the city -- Guatemala. Mr. Horta, adds the the subject ably. Extracts from his report are given “In Guatemala ee elastica, Cerv., is Qon in the wild state, and co an immense zone in Central America ; the rubber which this. tree produces is one of the best and most | valuable for the indust “The Castilloa elastica is a tall, weéllahsped tree, with smooth, greenish-white bark. At a he eight of from 15 to 20 yards from the ground there start from the trunk (of spongy "ud porous 3790 B2 160 wood) — and almost horizontal branches, from which han s of leaves, long, oval in shape, and smooth edged (ud toia. “The milk of the rubber tree, or its mercantile product, is contained principally in the fibres between the woody portion of the tree and the bark. This fibrous part is a vital portion of the tree. For this reason, in making incisions in the bark to obtain the milk, it is necessary to proceed Me great caution and according to the method described Eora “The milk contains more or less water, "isecrdigt to the time of its extraction; on an average it can be caleulated to hold about 60 per cent. water and other substances, and 40 percent. - saleable product ; of this, erue 33 per cent. is rubber of — superior quality. he climate most appropriate for eg is the hot or coastal, with a temperature of from 25? to 35? Celsius (93? to 103? F.) and the altitude above sea level up to 1,500 feet. The ground should be moist, deep, and loose; neither clay nor stone. Rubber should not be planted in iss sun, We found our opinion upon the following reasons : «(1.) The nazure of the rubber tree * (2.) The trials made in Guatemala. since 1872. E “(3.) The consideration that, planting in the shade, there is absolute certainty of a satisfactory result. : “If the wild tree pori Be the shade of trees of greater E growth in the natural forests, it is because, by the help of these, - its sap remains in the state Pape by nature as a condition of its proper growth and production. It is 3 OT RN t il ze should also not be lost sight of that on the Pacific Coast we oa a dry season for six consecutive months, very prejudice antations in the sun. Allow the rubber tree a e. u and et yield. It is a mistake to wish to cultivate plants, 1 h tions, soil, per atmospheres, with the desire of obtaining goo yields in ‘poth. The result is that neither one nor the Oo finds the requirements necessary for proper development. 1 would appear much more feasible to conduct the cultivation © vanilla simultaneously with that of rubber, utilizing the trees for shade. - Advocating the planting in the shade is equivalent, in ; country like Guatemala, still possessing so much virgin forest, to planting in the woods. There are thousands of acres of land tion, the latter a condition of the greatest importance. The and un N. eut down. could be be nas. over the qom 161 prevent the growth of weeds, as well as to serve as manure. In planting the rubber tree the ground should be perfectly cleaned for a circle at least a yard in diameter and the tree placed in the 1 centre incomparably better results will be Kis pie than by planting by seed. The nursery is formed in damp ground, shaded and well worked, and the seed (which is apicem imi in "March and April) planted. at intervals of about a foot. The seed is planted just as gathered, with gum and all ; washing rami injure the later growth and may even ni sprouting. After a year in the nursery the ei are taken out with great care (it is best if the earih adheres to the roots) and transplanted. “The least distance at =e rubber trees should be set out is st 8 th covering the ground as has previously been explained. In the third and fourth years, two to three cleanings per year should be made; and from the fifth year, one cleaning annually will suffice em the Sec of the tree impedes the further development of weeds ore beginning to exploit, he: trunk of the tree should intone T least 12 inches in diameter, and from 12 to 15 yards in height, for which from nine to ten years is necessary. “The milk may be extracted from the trees twice each year, during pom rainy season ; about two months after its commence- ment and towards the termination, > most propitious time being when the tree has dropped its lea * A tree planted and cultivated dide good conditions will give an annual product, after nine or ten years, of 1 pound of rubber, or, say 24 to 3 pounds o of milk. With proper study of the nature of the rubber tree, the progress of its sap, and the fertilizers that might be best for it, it is very probable that this yield would be greatly increased, * EXTRACTION OF RUBBER. * Until now, the machete has been used in Guatemala to make the incisions in the u incisions in the form of small canals about three-fourths of an inch wide, which receive the milk. I other countries (as in the ‘East Indies) there is employed a kind of knife, which allows the making of an incision which is cleaner and better directed. “To extract a good quantity of milk it is not sufficient to make only one incision at the foot of the tree. Care should be taken that the bark of the tree remains intact in 02 continuous strip the entire height of one side of the tree; if the entire eircumference of the trunk were cut (even by ineisions situated at en en = tree would die within a few days, To avoid this we have seen the foto wike modes em e ed :— "1. 5 From a certain height above the roots, incisions are mad in the trunk every metre or metre and a quarter approxi mately, until within two metres of the first branches, Each incision L4 162 consists of two symmetrical cuts, which together will cover two- thirds of the circumference of the tree, and will form an angle of 45°, in order that the milk ae. run pul to the lowest point. The points of all the incisions m n à perpendicular line, 80 that the milk from the highest i ein, “after concentrating in the angle formed by the two cuts, may run to the lowest point of the next lower incision, and from there on to the following, etc., until reaching the lowest, where it is collected, as explained ‘further on. “ (2.) The incision is extended to the same height of the trunk as indicated in the first method, but is continuous, and consists of cuts, one ecke to the other, always ta iking care never to cut into more than two-thirds of the tree's circumference, thus leaving one-third of the bark intact. “Tt is useless and even dangerous to make the incisions so deep as to penetrate the woody part of the tree. On the contrary, great - caution should be exercised to preserve the fibres closest to the woo “ From the o of the incision nearest the ground the milk is conducted by nal to a receptaele of clay or wood. When collected us. ds. milk must be coagulated to obtain the solid marketable product. This part of the process merits a serious study, as the best mode of obtaining the finest and most abundant product has not been decided. We pm ourselves to indicating the principal processes we have seen “The most rudimentary ud in collecting the milk in à trough, or even a hole excavated in the ground (which detracts from its value), aad employing in its dor ihe juice of the vine, here called * alter te’ (an infusion of the leaves of the vine). Alum can also be employed, and er a very rapid action on the milk. The water contained in the milk may be evaporated by indirectly applied heat, initio care that the receptacle does not communicate a bad colour to the rubber; or, the milk may be mixed with water, which is poured off intervals, until all Pes des are ROTO WE: _ The clean rubber, e e * COST AND PROBABLE PRODUCTION OF A PLANTATION. “ This calculation must naturally be Arr se as the cost will depend in great part on the price of the lands, on the greater OT less facilities for obisinta workmen pus mode of paying them (by day, by task, with advances, etc. » on the distance apart that trees are to be e planted, whether the land is to be — exclusively for rubber or not, and on many other consideratio “ The figures expressed herewith, therefore, do ane pretend to a rigorous exactitude, but will serve as a guide for the agricul- turist.” “We will pee that the trees are to be planted - = varas (1 vara = 33 English inches) distance, so that each will have an approximate "né (with space oceupied by shade T9099) of 648 sie are. E Na D ELE Pe SN dea i EI. NI nee ee eet Ming PG Ted cep. gm eee MORS EC: varas, which we believe necessary for their proper development, 163 thus allowing approximately 10,000 trees to the caballeria a acres); € E at $400 ($175. 60 in United States curren per cabal a price somewhat high, as some coast land (hos) adequate em this cultivation can be purchased in Guatemala for less ; but we have adopted this figure, as, according - pt laws, it is the average cost of public lands in the Republi Guatemalan United States currency. currency. $ $ Cost May E DS e EA E Fen 10.00 .. 439 Nursery, t "$10: — 1 “000, y, for 159 plan 1.59 69 Propane add of ground and arranging natural shade, per manzana $e 8.00 . 3.91 Planting 159 trees to the manzana ... 5.00 . 1.32 Cleaning by ER four in first year IE = FR Three cleanings i in second year wi. ee c. - UT Two cleanings in third year... $.00 r Bek One cleaning — eg "frt fourth to sixth, inclus LAUD. 0934 Interest on veed capital, at 10 per cent. for ten years . 68.78 -ags 3019 Management, etc. sve vas ves A38 — =: LOZ Total cost in Guatemala er per cent. premium is ruling raie on gold to-day)of 159 Mont occupy- ing a manzana of teme. and 10 years old ... c LOO. Ae. 5600 * From the foregoing e e it may be seen that a plantation of, say, 100,000 trees requires 10 caballerias of ground (besides that which may be er 7 fof buildings, huts, etc.), and would cost, after ten years, xv $95,000 ($41,700). “Tf the nual yield of each tree after ten years is 1 pound of rubber of good slats, 100.000 trees would give 1,000 centals per I of A Mag At present price of the article, these 1,000 in Guatemalan money at vate È : exchange $262,500 (115. 1238) There is to be deducted from th Guatemalan United States curren iid : $ E Cost of extraction and collection of the milk and manufacture of p duct A together may be cal- culated at 30 cents per pound of Piba for 1,000 centals ... 4 SOU . 13,170 * The value of the Central American peso, or dollar, was vogue by the United States Director of the Mint, January Ist, 1899, at 43.9 cen T Square of 100 varas, or 275 feet, Guatemalan United States currency. currency. $ $ rought forward zi 90,000 7.2:12, E Expense of transportation to point of shipment (which varies in each case, but can be calculated in lands situated on the Pacific coast at $1.50 to $2 per as for 1,000 centals nc 0 e 168 Expense for embarking, more or less, " cents m cental, or, for 1,000 entals 355 ioiii freight, insurance, commission on sales, and other expenses, ap- Soc. $e. € 2.40,000- —.. 17,500 Toa ove =” (714909... 91,899 “ Deducting the tg cor $72,559 ($31,853) from the income, leaves _ 83,385 a balance of $189,941 * According to these calculations, one crop, after ten years, will produce double the amount expended during that time. Even reducing these figures (which are not too high) to: one-half, in 4 order to be free from any exaggeration, and supposing a yield per tree of 6 ounces of good product, the net annual product will be 1 | incomparably niore remunerative than that which coffee under a, 1 the best and most favourable cireumstances can yiel DCLVIIL—FUNGI EXOTICI, II. Persia. - UREDINEÆ. er incrassate, medio septate plereque vix constricte usc, 90-55 x 28-32 u, » episporio leves, basi in pedicellum ball T oductze : T oe montanum, C. A. Mey., Border, 5138. cet resembling P. Prenanthis, Fuckel, in habit an fel lentoxpore s aia but differing in the structure of te eutosp = 165 Russian Asta. BASIDIOMYCETES. Paxillus Osteopson, — (sp. nov.) Pileus carnoso-lentus vel sub-coriaceus, planus vel depressus, er arcte involuto sericeo glabratove, pinta albidus, 3-4 em. diam. Lamelle RE Aee hreh tok. confertæ, passim er anastomosantes. Spore subgloboss 4-5 fi diam. Stipes curtus, solidus, glaber, fuscescens.—Kew Bulletin, 1899, p. 56. MONGOLIA. Mrs. Growing almost bur ied i in loose sand ; said to be used exten- ri and with beneficial results in the treatment of diseased bones TIBET. BASIDIOMYCETES. Clavaria fusiformis, papery; Eng. Fungi (1799) t. 224. S. TIBET. Yatung, Hobs J APAN. UREDINEÆ. Puccinia Polygoni, Pers. Syn. (1801) p. 227 (P. Polygoni- amphibii, Pers., l.c ESSO Abashiri, on Polygonum sachalinense, F. Schmidt, Faurie, 13, 856. Innia, BASIDIOMYCETES. Pleurotus cretaceus, Massee (sp. cene Pileus carnoso-lentus, sicco rigidus, subrotundus, uno latere productus, margine involuto, plano-convexus, Spe kai glaber, albidus, 6-9 m. di Lamelle confert®, attenuato-decurrentes, postice m, anastomosantes, albide. Spore rs hyaline, glabrz, 3x4 oz excentricus, sepe fere lateralis, glaber, albidus, 3-5 cm. longus, 2-3 cm. crassus, deorsum attenuatus, siccitate Qo act renamed rugulosus. | PUNI. eshawar, on wood, Watt, 1 5 A very bis fungus, entirely creamy white. "Very rigid when dry, and looking exactly like a ee of Paris model, Allied to P. sapidus, Kalchbr. Dr. Watt’s note accompanying the specimen is as follows : “ It comes from Peshawar, where it is 166 known as ‘Dhingri.’ It is said to be sold by the shopkeepers — much broken. The average rate at which it is sold is about Rs.25 a seer. Before cooking it is soaked in fresh water for about eight hours. It then swells and becomes pulpy. It is said to be eaten with E relish and sent as a rarity in presents to friends E all over India Volvaria woodrowiana, Massee (sp. nov.) Pıleus carnosulus, ; campanulatus, dein explanatus, siccus, margine striatus, glaber- rimus, griseo-lividus vel cinereus, 8-12 cm. diam. Lam elle postice liberæ, a confer ertæ, salmonicolores, acie integra Spore sphæroideo-ellipsoideæ, ey 10 x- S Stipes solidus, m. lo E j subsqualis, glaber, 9-15 c ongus, l cm. circiter crassus, albus. - Volva amplissima, libera, ee limbo lobata, albida. On the ground, Poona, Woodrow, 13. Allied to V. volvacea, Bull. Hydnum Gleadonii, Massee (sp. nov.) Pilei subcoriacei, sessiles, dimidiati, cod ae strigoso-spongiosi, ex albo flavi di, margine avi, 4-7 cm. lati. Aculei ex albo flavidi, usque ad 1 cm. longi, decurrentes, apice integri acuti. Spore hyaline, subglobos®, — 5 S E VINCES, On dead wood, Dehra Dun, Gamble, 264 Aib C ool T. Gleadon very beautiful species, quite distinct in colour, and in th ee strigose covering of the pileus, which a. in E r that of Trametes Hystrix, Cooke. Geaster oan ae eas (sp. nov.). Peridium globosum, subum- | bonatum, cm, diam. ; exope eridium r due , carnosum, stellatim — g ostiolum minutum ; columella pectus ens. Spore globose, brunneo-lilacinze, verrucosze, 10-12 p. diam. UE 2 PROVINCES. On the ground, Dehra Dun, Gamble, 26,46 all species somewhat resembling G. hy ygrometricus, Pers. but readily distinguished from this and every other known species by the very large size of the spores. In the mass the ipis are dark brown with a lilac tinge. HYPHOMYCETES. Helminthosporium obelavatum, eas (sp. nov). Hyp hæ rigidulæ, res fasciculares, fusc®, opace, s iem attenuate, 390-400 x 12-14 maculas atrae velut formantes: Conidia. elongato-obelavata, 1—11-septata, pallide "Ol vecti 80-1 p. DW. PRO Siwalik Hills, Gamble, 26,477. P mbling A. veluti tinum, rn: in habit and colour, but differing i in the larger pal e conidia . Coniosporium Arundin is, Sacc. in Michelia ii, (1882) p. 124. -N. W. PROVINCES. On uis s of Thi aak e agai Ne Dehra Dun, diner erc VINCES. On branches of Helicteres Isora, Lint» — 167 Trichosporium delete Massee (sp. nov.). Hyphe steriles i t repentes, pluries vage ramos, septate, hyaline, "m Conidia elle levia, fusco- -purpurea, x ia in pendrin brevibus subglobosis inserta, acrogena. "i W. PROVINCES. On dead wood; Dehra Dun, Gamble, 69. Formin ng se patches 10-15 cm. across. Spores dark purple in the m Trichosporium aterrimum, Massee (sp. nov.). a steriles repentes, pallide, septate, 3-5-4 p crasse, vage ramos ; hyphæ fertiles subsimplices, hyaline. Conidia elliptica, gini, brunneo- olivacea, acrogena, 7- PUNJAB. On Morus indica, Linn., Changa Manga, Gamble, 6,476. First attacking the cambium, which is destroyed, and then in dense jet-black pulverulent patches the fungus appears on both surfaces of the loose bark. In acting thus, the fungus eventually kills the tree. Hymenopsis u. M (sp. nov.). Sporodochia convexula, superficialia, atra, 2-4 diam., gregaria, epiphylla, maculas pallidas incrassatas nie Conidia ovoidea, glabra, olivacea, 3 conidiophoris cylindricis suffult N.W. evinces. On living leaves of pores javanensis, Trecul, Dehra Dun, Gamble, 26, 473. The fungus i isa true parasite forming black cimi patches, crowded on thickened yellowish blotches 1-3 em. Sphacelia Oryz®, Massee (sp. nov.). Sporodochia effusa, olivacea, suffulta hypostromate aurantiaco duro. Conidiophora brevia, simplicia, hyalina, bacillaria, 5-6 x 15 a. Conidia solitaria, EMT globosa, verruculosa, sub lente pallide olivacea, 3:5—4 pe di Aula. On the glumes of cultivated rice, North Lushai, Watt, 10,179. This parasite isin all see a conidial condition of some undescribed species of Clavice, Srraits SETTLEMENTS. BASIDIOMYCETES, Mycena pelliculosa, Sace. Syll. v. ie no. 295. PERAK. pe rotten wood, Ridley Mycena repertitia, Massee sad nov.) Pileus membranaceus, cylindrieus, obtusus, glaber, striatus, striis e margine ad umbonem productis, albo-roseus, ad umbonem eee 5-8 mm. diam, Lamelle subdistantes r1. m adnato-annexs, albide. Spore elliptiez, albo-rosez, 7 x on fattore, equalis, albidus, glaber, 2-4 cm. longus, 2 mk crassu 168 PERAK. On rotten wood, Ridley, 21. Distinguished by the |. rose-coloured cylindrical pileus, striate from the margin to the © minute umbo. Allied to M. codoniceps, Cooke. Mycena — Massee (sp. nov.). | Pileus ee conico- - campanulatus, dein es se nee td ot striatus, glaber, e flavido — pallidus albidusv ve, 2-3 cm. latus. Lamelle conferees angustis, — postice albide, setate lutescentes, venoso-conjuncte. . Spore ead elliptiez, 8 x 5 u. Stipes solidus, obesus, lee : compactus, glaber, albo-flavus, sursum subattenuatus, 4-5 cm. - longus, 7-8 mm. ne SELANGOR. On stumps, Ridley, 65. Remarkable for the ‘thick, solid stem. Allied to M. rugosa, Fries. rigida ie d A ms "ra a Tte ees er. le NIENTE ak ae Wer Een al e TS AEQ a a a ai. Mycena gigantospora, Massee o (sp. nov.) Pileus momon E campanulatus, dein expanso-umbonatus, ad umbone m striatus, P cinereo-fuses. Spore ovate, hyaline, glabre, 12-14 x 8-9 pm | Stipes fistulosus, re zqualis, sursum pallidus, deorsum brun- — neus, basi albo-lanatus, 4-5 em. 1 PER On the enden Ridle ey, * Distinguished from all known species by the brown colour of | every part, and by the large spores. Omphalia tenera, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus submembranaceus, — griseus, e convexo campanulato-umbilicatus, glaber, margine striatus, 5-9 mm. diam. Lamelle distantes, decurrentes, albide. - Spore globose, glabre, hyalinæ, 7 p diam. Stipes cavus, glaber, albidus, 3-3°5 cm. longus, 2 mm. crassus P PERAK. On bis wood, Ridley, 9. Allied to O. grisea, Fries, from which it differs in the globose spores, and the umbilicate pileus. : Marasmius excentricus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus, excentricus, convexo-campanulatus, plus minus Fm sul- di catus, albus, margine szpe crispatus, 3-5 cm. diam. melle E valde distantes, ventricose, adnate, albidsz, acie integra. 2 rig quem Een glabre, 7 x 5 p. age e Anus. albidus, — basi lute s, 1:5-2 cm, lon ngus, 3 m PE nik. Oni growing on dea Food, Ridley, 18. Whole fungus tough and elastic. Allied in many respects to u. | Hookeri, Berk., but distinguished by the vios excentric stem. Marasmius Rotula, Fries, Epicr. (1836) p. 385. SELANGOR. On dead and fallen branches, Ridley, 74. Marasmius ota Berk. & Curt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) = (1875) p SELANGOR. pet dead bark and wood, Ridley, 18. Lentinus sericeus, Massee (sp. nov. Pileus mem mbranaceus, lentus, sericeus, nitens, cinereus, zonis fuscis evanidis praeditus, dein fulvescens, margine pallidior interdum fimbriatus, 2-3 cm. diam. Lamelle rigidæ, subconfertæ, brunneolæ, rn es dentata. Spore n gehe, rn 6 p diam 169 SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 33. The substance of the pileus is much thinner, more silky, and more shining than in L. tricolor, Berk., to which the present species is allied. Schizophyllum flabellare, Fries, E, es — p. 403. SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 9 Claudopus esie Toma (sp. nov.). Pileus sessilis, carnoso- lentus, conchiformis ovatusve, interdum uno latere productus, griseus, sæpe cue 8, 3-5 cm. diam. Lamelle anguste, distantes, venoso- -connexe, prism, gopr æ ellipsoideæ, asper rulæ, albæ, roseo tinctæ, 8 x 5 u. Cistidia numerosa, fusoidea, apice fuscidulo- granulata, 65—70 x 14- 5, PERAK. On dead wood, Ridley, 11. Superficially closely resemhling C. bi yssisedus, Pers., but differing in the elliptic spores, and numerous cistidi Inocybe violacea, Massee Gp. nov.) JPileus carnosus. prim campanulatus, dein e expansus et late umbonatu us, squ RES margine fimbriato-villosus, ET versus marginem pallidior, acie fimbriata, ex al roseo orc elliptice, glabre, 7 x 4 p, racem. Cistidia Fusoldes Stipes solidus MA ge, subfibrillosus, carneo-roseus, apice albus furfuraceusque, 2-% ngus, 2 mm ssus . cra ERAK. On lawns, Ridley, 2 A pretty little species, allied to Inocybe incarnata, Bres. Bolbitius ong US Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus, e conico-campanulato subexpansus, umbone leve prominente præ- re Mm ee integer, glaber, laete ae vel luteo-fuscus, em. dia Lamelle subconferte, anguste, postice uncinato- annexe, aurantio-brunnes. Spore o oblongo -ovate, flavo-ferrugine glabree, q7-18 € 411-13 ime: = cavus, albus, aber. zequalis, 7-8 cm. longus, 1:5-2 m SELANGOR. On the ota, "Ridle y, 124. on to B. titubans, Berk. Readily distinguished from ever own species of Bolbitius = the even, acutely umbonate pileus, sil slender, elongated st lammula ornata, Massee ce nov.). Pileus convexo-explanatus, umbonatus, flavus, squamulis secedentibus purpureis pr:wditus, setate glabrescens, 2-3 cm. diam. Lamelle subconfertz, postice sinuato-annexse, flavee, pe a ferrügineo-maeu ate. Spore sub- globose, intus minute granu et 2-3 guttulis majoribus præditæ T x 6 u. Stipes solidus, ues baa attenuatus, 3 em. lon ngus, 4—5 mm. crassus. SELANGOR, On the ground, Ridley, 23. . Not closely allied to any terrestrial species «d Flammula. Distinguished by the purple squamules on the pileu . Crepidotus Ridleyi, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus ssubmembranaceus, dimidiatus, reniformis, margine interdum lobatus, albidus, glaber, 4-7 mm. latus. Lamelle ventricosæ, subconfertæ, brunneæ, acie integra. „Stipes rudimentarius, albus. Spore ovato-oblonga, glabree, ochraceo-brunnes, 5 x 3-4 p. . 9-4 em. longus, 3 mm. crassu l TE 17. 170 SELANGOR. On a dead fern-rhachis, pees 110. Gregarious. Allied to C. turbidulus, Berk Psathyra cyclospora, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosulus, - griseus, inexpansus conico-campanulatus, expansus subgibbosus, primo evis pruina albida conspersus, mox gla abrescens, et dein i margine pellucido striatus, 15-2 cm. diam. Lamelle® subconferte, — ventricose, postice annex, pileo concolores, dein nigro-maculatz. - Spore nigro-fusce, subglobose, utrinque apiculate, glabra, 12-14 p. Stipes sequalis, na u glaber, albus, basi albo-fibrillosus, 4-5 em. longus, 3 mm. PERAK. Onr Gli Wood, Ridley, 7. Allied to Psathyra semi vestita, Berk. & Broome. $ Pis c osi xri n Te ML 4. Psathyra rei atin Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus submembra- — naceus, campanulato-expansus, flavo-brunneus, disco brunneus, glaber, striatus, 2-35 cm. diam. Lamelle conferte, angus&e, postice attenuato-annexs, e carneo-purpureo fuscescentes, acie integra. Spore ellipticz, glabra, carneo-fusce, 6-7 x 4 p. Stipes - fistulosus, sursum subattenuatus, albus, glaber, basi albo-tomen- — tosus, 6-8 em longus, 4-5 mm. crassus : SELANGOR. On the ground, = 'dley, 108. 3 Gregarious. Allied to o P. con piled, Fries, but distinguished by — the striate pileüs and smaller ne z Psathyrella albida, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus, - digitaliformis, obtusus, striatus, glaber, albidus, 5-8 mm. latus. lle confertæ, postice uncinis decurrentes, 2 DAD. augustm. - Spore ellipsoidez, pallide brunnex, glabr& Stipes fistulosus, hyalino-pellucidus, basi Lecce altus 15 em -— longus, 1 mm. crassus. SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 55. Growing in dense clusters. Allied to P. disseminata, Pers. Coprinus coffeicola, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus tenerrimus, cam- i panulato-explanatus, griseus, immaturus furfuraceus, dein ex- | a subdepressus, 6-9 mm. diam. Lamelle lineares, subconfertm, à nun E nigro-maculate, acie albida. Spore ellipsoid 3 nigr æ, glabre, 8 x 5 u. Cistidea fusoidea. Stipes fili- — formis, vix T mm. crassus, glaber, albidus, 3-4 cm. longus. E. SELANGOR. On coffee pulp, Ridley, 6 67. P Notiroui subglobose yellowish sclerotia, about 3 m T diameter, are present on the matrix, and these in all probabilis, belong to the fungus; but as the mann union between the two was not observed, this is not quite certain. Allied to C. plica- - tilis, .. : differing i in the smaller spores and more furfuraceous — pileu jm Brass leviceps, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus membranaceus - levis, glaber, convexo-campanulatus dein explanatus, umbilicatus, | cinereus, 1:5-29:5 cm. diam. Lamelle conferte, augusti te: ostice rotundato-liberz. Spore globose, at tro-brunne, glabra, — 1-8 p diam. Cistidia non vi Stipes fistulosus, d igegecions on a dead stump of Areca | 171 Allied to C. deliquescens, Bull., but readily distinguished from this and every other known species of Coprinus by the perfectly . even pileus and globose spores. Lenzites platyphylla, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 3, ii. (1844) 173 “SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 91. Polyporus albellus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus dimidiatus, semi- orbicularis seu reniformis, tenuis, applanatus, glaber, margine expanso interdum lobatus, albidus, 4-5 cm. diam, Pori ampli, oblongi aut angulati, stramineo- albi, postice decurrentes. Stipes lateralis, brevis, subaqualis, concolor, 1 cm. longus. SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 80. Allied to P. Gunnii, Berk. Polyporus arcularius, Fries, Syst. M? yes i. (1821) p. 342. SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, Polystictus membranaceus, Sacc., Syll., vi. (1888) no. 287. SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley E Polystictus latus, Sacc., Syll., vi. d no. 291. SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, or danget POLEN Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus coriaceo- xo-applanatus, levis vel leviter lineis con- ee Be Se orbicularis, attenuato-substipitatus, minu- tissime Mes oL sed dein glaber, e cinnamomeo pallidus, 1:5-2 em. dia Pori minutissimi, subrotundi, a vel in setate vel triti lividi ` Spore hyalinæ, ellipsoideæ, 6 x “SINGAPORE. On rotton wood, Botanic Gardens, Ridley, 55. Allied to P. squamiformis, Berk., but differing in the smaller spores and paler colour of the pileus Hydnum eng rm Massee (sp. nov.). iir ae resupinatus, tenuis, ochraceus, albo-flocculosus, 1-2 cm. latus. Aculei cylin- draceo-filiformes, elongati, acutiusculi, pallide —. evum albidi. Spore subglobose, verruculos&, hyalinz, 5-6 u SELANGOR. On dead bark, Ridley, 107. poiat scattered patches ; the spines up to 6 mm. long, slender and hair-like, but not crowded. Hydnum tapienum, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus sessilis, imbricatus, carnosus, lentus, siccatate rigidus margine forte involutus, subreni- formis vel flabelliformis, virgatus, 5-8 cm. diam. Aculei conferti, acutiusculi, glabri vel minutissime aperui pallide ochracei circa .longi. Spore globos», hyaline, glabr&, 5-6 u SELANGOR. On fallen trunks, Ridley, 19. Allied to H. flavum, Berk. Stereum aterrimum, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileoli vel simplices vel 2-4 lateraliter connati et imbricatim dispositi, puncta laterali affixi, 3-5 em. circiter diam., conchiformes, superne radia Braune, rigi- dissimi, fuligineo- rufescentes, dein nigricantes. Hymeni sca- Ter y nigrum, rimosum. Spore oblongo-elliptice, hyalina: x 4 p. 172 SINGAPORE. On dead wood, Botanic Gardens, Ridley, 48. Readily distinc uid by its extreme rigidity, and by vr black. colour of every par Cladoderris cartilaginea, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus coriaceo- v lentus, erectus, flabelliformis vel obovatus, margine repandus vel lobatus, is, glaber, dt brunneus, expallens, 5-8 cm. altus, í cm. latus. Hymenium glabrum, longitudinaliter radiato- a rugosum, concolor. Spore ellipsoideæ, hyalinæ, basi oblique api culatæ, 10 x 5 — SINGAPORE. Ón dem ped wood, buried in the ground, Botanic Gardens, Ridley, Distinguished by the thin substance of the pileus, which is cartilaginous when dry. Clavaria — cde Ep: nov.). Caulis crassus, brevis, 1 cm. circiter diam., umbrin T ; rami subconferti , teretes, leves, dichotomo - nalen i, unt - rufescentes, apicibus Iunula furcatis. Caro alba. Spo: vitia. subglobose, glabrie, 7 x du; basidia veg 35 x 124 PER n the ground at the base of trunks, Ridley, 19. E A very Voskod ignes characterised by the short, stout -— a and umber colou Clavaria Candee, Massee (sp. nov.). Caulis tenuis, 1-2 em. longus, 2 mm. c s, basi albo-villosus ; rami 2-4, ramulos rare gere ntes ; ramu ali ultimi eis: =m verticillati, vix vel haud caule tenuiores, i in sicco sulcato-rugosi ; rami ramulique juniores. pallide aw dein vette Morón hyalinz, glabra, sub- - globose, 4-5°5 u SELANGOR. Oe ds ro mei wood, Ridley, 37. Allied to C. epichnoa, Fries. lea ae Berk. et Broome in Journ. Linn. Soc, xiv (1875) p. 5 BE On dead wood, Ridley, 30. Laschia c&spitosa, Sacc., Syll. vi. eem no. 407. SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 3 hyaline, 6-7 Ee SELANGOR. v rotten wood, LE ey, 72. : Differs from all known species in the bright orange colour very E superficial rene nce Guepinia spathularia, Fries. The spines on the hymenium are very minute, and almost inconspicuous when d : Tremella eo. Massee (sp. nov.). e eset cartilagine gelatinosa, corrugata, sessilia, brunne cm. lata obovata, cruciatim partita. ee en el TE leviter eurvatie, 11-12 x 3-4 u = aoe On dd wood, Ridley, 27. . Allied . corrugata ta, Schweinitz ; differing in the absence a T tinge, = in not nn squa mulose when n dry. 173 eee porphyrea, Fries, Fung. MUS 1. (1848) p. 27. NGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley Geaster un Massee (sp. lex: Peridium globosum, um- bonatum rinum, stratis duobus distinctis. compositum exteriore Hada carnoso stellatim cure interiore „globoso- depresso papyraceo ; ostiolum fimbria Gleba aterrima, ak iens evanescente. Spore globose, es een diam p diam. SINGAPORE. On the ground, Ridley, 30. Characterised by the black gleba. Tulostoma Ridleyi, Massee (sp. nov.). Peridium stipitatum, depresso-globosum, verrucis Dm. en exasperatum, 1:5-2 cm. latum ; os ad apic ammæ positum, mox lacerato- ovata Stipes c cavus, son ualie, basi Buibösnn, bulbo apice marginato, squamulosus, dein glabrescens, 3 cm. longus 4 mm. > 2 lete ochracea. Spore globose, flavidee, asperule, -T ud Pax "On the ground near ee Ridley, 8. Allied to T. exasperatum, Mont ASCOMYCETES. —n €— Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma erectum, cylindri- ,9-4 m in stipitem filiformem deorsum abrupte cen ini pibe in stylum longiuseulum productum, griseo- brunneum, scabriusculum.. mirth immersa, ovoidea, 250 u diam., ostiolo papillato ornata. Asc eylindrici, stipitati, apice capitati, 150 x 7p. Spore octone, rrt di ign basi et apice acutius- culz, primo Dow ee. dein pluri-septate, 110 x SELANGOR. Onana , Ridley, 89. Springing in ideale numbers from the head, thorax, abdomen, and limbs, and some imperfect stromata also occur on the antenne. Allied to C. hen: Berk. & Broome Co T vicine ieza (sp. nov.). Capitulum cylindraceo- clavatum, urum, nigrum, 2-3 cm. longum, 3 mm latum. in en epit disi »quilongum nigrum deorsum abrupte attenuatum. Perithecia ovata, immersa, ostiolis minutis- simis prominulis. Asc a longissimi, octospori. Spore aciculares, hyaline, multiseta 80 x 2 SELANGOR, On rott ah, Ridley, Al. A very interesting fari, t the only known species of Cordyceps growing on wood, the others being either entomogenous or rg stem oda glabrous, longer than tlie fertile port [eria scutata, Sace. in Michelia i, (1819) p. 580. RAK. On living leaves of an unde nad: tree, Ridley, 16. The species was founded on Specimens from Singapore growing on the living leaves of Myristica sp. Hypocrella Panici, Massee (sp. nov.) Strom a carnosulum, elongatum, nigrum, Perithecia ovoidea, in stromate immersa, 3790 C 174 3 ostiolo papillato. Asci cylindraceo-clavati, longe stipitati, - x : J^ a. Spore filiformes, hyaline, multiseptate, - 100 x m E diei GOR. Disortng the lateral branches of a species of | ken Ridley, 88. The stroma is 33° m. long, curved, half encircling the branch. _ Allied to H. semiamplexa, Hypocrella Zingiberis, Massee (sp. nov.). snis oma carnosum, pulvinatum, aurantiacum dein pallescens, 3-4 mm. diam. Peri- E thecia stromate immersa. Asci anguste Um ndraceo- clavati, 140-150 x 8 u, Fr Spore filiformes, ascis subaequales, E multiseptatee, 120 x 15 4 PERAK. On petioles of a Zing iver, nie ite 10. Allied to H. Bambuse, Sacc. ; differ ing in the longer spores — and the bright orange-coloured stroma. Xylaria IM iren (sp. nov.). Stroma globosum, ^ nigrum, intus suberosum, pallidum, stipitatum, 3-5 mm. diam. 2 Posi bre filiformis, rectus vel subflexuosus, sursum patenti- hirs , 6-8 cm. longus, 1 mm. crassus. Asc elongato- clavati, sen, En l-seriatz, ellipsoides, basi et apice subacute, brunnes, 12 x 6-7 u j SINGAPORE. inserto da on dead leaves, Bukit Manda, Ridley, — 24. Xylaria aspera, Massee (sp. nov). Capitulum cs vel. . obovatum, obtusum, nigrum, asperatum, 1-15 c altum, m — stipitem curtum deorsum attenuatum. Per TE peripherica, um immersa, globosa, ostiolis minutis exsertis. Asci cylindracei, substipitati, 125 x Spore octone, oblique monostiche, elliptice, cymbiformes, | nigre, 10 x 5 u. SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ri idley, 71. Clubs sometimes deformed ; distinguished by the corrugated surface and the small spore Xylaria acicularis, Cooke in Grevillea xi. (1883) p. 85. SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 63. Xylaria ianthino-velutina, Mont. , Syll. Crypt. (1856) no. e ERAK. On rotten wood, Larut, King, 22 225 Hitherto only pees from South Wuterica- Diatrype excitans, Cooke in Ann. N. York Acad. i. (1878) p. 185. SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 44. ; Peziza rc Berk. & Broome in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) - xiv. (1875) p. : : PERAK. "s hà ground, Ridley, 12, A very fine and distinet species, only previously recorded from Ceylon. A i SENSE, Mont. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ii. (1834) 77, t. 4 fig. 2. eme i On dma — Fre 36. 175 Whe n quite young the outside and margin bristles with long pino uns hairs, each composed of a fascicle of hyphae. As the plant becomes mature, the majority of these hairs fall away, = in old specimens the "surface is often quite glabrous. The as are remarkable for being abruptly narrowed at the base mto a long, very slender pedic el P. Hindsii, Berk., is in every respect identical with the present species. Peziza mdr. Massee (sp. nov.). ea ata gregaria, sub- sessilia, Poe dein applanata, 2:5-3°5 cm. lata, extus puberula pallida, disco obscure coccinea. sci cyiiiidetel, deorsum in stipitem élonyéta attenuati, 375-380 x 20-22 y, tome rue H- Spore elliptice, hyslinss glabro, oblique nen 30 x 1 Paraphyses filiformes, apice clavate, septate SELANGOR. On the ground, Ridley, Dis istingu ished amongst t the crimson species s of Peziza by the ae size of the asci and spor Hypothecium and excipulum mposed of slender interwoven hyphe. Asci not tinged blue bi iodine. Peziza tomentosa, Massee (sp. nov.). V ritu sessilia, convexa dein MN subcarnosa, extus albo-tomentosa, disco flavida, 1-1:5 em. lata. sci eylindraei obiadki i, deorsum in stipitem obliqu um attenuat , iodo non tincti, ostospori, 150-160 x 13-14 p. Spore elliptice, ütrinqué Subada utæ, hyaline, — 15-16 x 10 u. araphyses filiformes, septate, apice subcla GOR. On the ground, ‘Ridley, 70. Allied to P. fibrillosa, Curr. Mollisia cinnabarina, Massee (sp. nov.) Ascomata sessilia, subcarnosa, er ata, extus nn. dein glabra, ru us pallide o cin rina, margin tineti, octospori, 160 x 11 ae elliptice, utrinque ob hyalinse, eun. oblique, monostiche, 18 x 9-10 au. Paraph yses numerose, guttulate, zequales, 3 p SELANGOR. On dead branches, Ridlo ey, 95. Allied to M. albo-flava, Massee, while resembling G@eopyzis coccinea in colour MN. Merken Massee (sp. ni = Ascomata sessilia, carnosa, explanato-concava, glabra, extus albida, gine sæ- pissime üridulatoss repando pallida, disco eitrina, 4-7 mm. lata. Asci he ei obtusi, iodo hand tincti, 100-120 x 9-10 a, octospori. Spore hy ralinee, ign eto: 9x 6p. Para- phis numerose , apice duh ms ssatie, liformes SELAN ! Scattered or gregarious ; allied to .M. personata, Sace. Mollisia rosea, Massee (sp. nov.) Sis carnosa, ex hemi- spherico expansa, sessilia vel subradicato-producta, extus leviter tomentosa, albida, 5-10 mm. LE disco c a roseo depallente. Asci cylindracei, iodo hand t , basi non vel vix attenuati, x 12 u. Spore elliptice, te Dotate, hyalinæ, glabræ, buiitupbe. 14 x 8 SELANGOR. On dead branches, Ridley, 82. 3790 C2 176 Readily distinguished amongst the known species by the clear, rose-coloured disc. Allied to the species above, M. albo-flava, assee. Trichopeziza chrysotricha, Sacc., Syll. viii. (1889) p. 411. SELANGOR. On rotten twigs, Ridley , 41. HYPHOMYCETES. Isaria Sphingum, iier Syn. Fung. Car. (1822) p. 126. SELANGOR. Parasitic on a green elephant hawk -mot Ridley, 59. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. BASIDIOMYCETES. Lenzites applanata, Fries, Epicr. d p. 644. Luzon, Manilla. On dead wood, Loher Fomes Senex, Sacc., Syll. vi. Men p. 164. Luzon. On dead wood, Lohe Polystictus sanguineus, Fries in Nov. Act. Soc. Sc. Upsal. i. Cet) 14. UZON. On rotten wood, Loher. Polystictus Xanthopus, Fries in Nov. Act. Soc. Sc. Upsal. i. (1851) p. 74. p. UZON. On rotten wood, Loher. Hexagonia apiaria, Pers. in Freyc., ae (1826) p. 160, t. 2, fig. 5. Luzon. Manilla, On dead wood, Loh Hexagonia rigida, Berk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ( Bot.) xvi. (1878) p. 54. Luzon. Manila. On rotten wood, Loher. Favolus purpureus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, e cam- pe expansus, orbicularis, ex involuto expansus, interdum ine undulatus, purpureus, glaber, 1-2 cm. latus. Alveoli : erc e subhexagoni, radiatim elongati, majusculi, purpurei, in sicco fulvescentes. St tipes centralis, sursum attenuatus, penne purpureus, basi fuscescens, 3-4 cm. longus. Caro flavida, Spore Ive elongatz, meri biguttulate, 8x 4yu Luz On the ground, Loher vrbes us Hocogtieed by the purple colour of every part. USTILAGINEJE. Ustilago virens, Cooke in Grevillea vii. (1878) p. 15. LUZON. Manila. In ovaries of Oryza sativa, ne; Loher. HYPHOMYCETES. Isaria Sphingum, Schweinitz, Syn. Fung. = en p. 126. Luzon, Manila. On undetermined larvae, mW NE 177 British New Gunea. ASCOMYCETES. Phyllachora ulcerata, oe ep: nov.) Stroma na prominens, tuberculiforme loculis mammillatum, atrum, 3-5 m. latum. FEAET ovati, amat: in stromate nidulantes. Asci cylindraceo-pedicellati, 65— 70 x 10 p, octospori. Spore distiche, hyalina, pre eplonge, glabre, 10-12 x 5 m Paraphyses mosse, filifor Ge the upper © Attn of a coriaceous leaf, Bailey. Allied to P. incarcerata, Sacc. Aulographum maximum, Massee (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria, lineari-elonga nigra, rima augustissima dehiscentia. Asci cylindraceo-clavati, aparaphysati, octospori, 90-100 x 12-14 y. Spore hyaline, allantoidew, curvule, circa apicem 1-septate, 17-18 x 5-6 y. On Wr pes of Imperata arundinacea, Cyr., Bailey. Allied to A. Quim entm. Sacc., but distinguished ur the much larger UR, and spor QuEENSLAND. ASCOMYCETES. Phyllosticta flavidula, Sacc. in Michelia, i. (1879) p. 521. BRISBANE. On living leaves of a Callistemon, eius 1115. Stigmatea seminata, Sacc. a as i. (1882) no BRISBANE. On the of Desmodium a DC., Bailey, 1117. SPH ZROPSIDEA. Gleosporium kurzeanum, Niessl in Rabenh. Fung. Eur. Exsicc., no. 2411. BRISBANE. On living leaves of Lathyrus latifolius, Linn., Bailey, 1118. Tasmania. BASIDIOMYCETES. Clitocybe Tuba, Fries, Epier. (1836) p. 72. Rodway, 293. Collybia Eucalypti, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, tenuis, e convexo explanatus, interdum subumbonatus, margine imprimis incurvus, levis, glaber, eburneus, disco griseo-tinctus, 2-3 cm 178 latus. Lamelle annexe, demum libere, Sees nes albidæ, acie serrulata. „Stipes fistulosus, sursum attenuatus, incurvatus, fibrosus, pallide brunneus, 4-6 em. longus. Spore hyaline, obovate p. On a Eucalyptus trunk, Rodway, 73. Clustered, tough. In old, large specimens the whole dec of 80 pileus and stem i is ah, with glands or exudations, but no in other cases. (Rodwa Hygrophorus ne: Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, e convexo plano-umbonatus, vel gibbosus, viscidulus, albellus, vel cremoricolor, glaber, 4-5 cm. latus. L eu distantes ad latera decurrentes, ex albido pil ncolores. Stipes solidus, sursum incrassatus, concolor, sabübrilloso-ziebse NR ) em. longus, apice 7-10 mm. crassus. Spore subglobose, rugu- lose, apiculate, She 7-8 u diam. On the ground, Allied to H. irn, Bull, but differing in the structure of the stem. Xerotus atrovirens, Massee (sp. ee E membranaceus, resupinatus, pruinosus, atro-virens, latus. Lamelle angusts, anastomosantes, pileo edidi es pallida. Spore hyaline, globose, 4 p diam. Stipes excentricus, incurvus, pruinosus, 2-3 mm. longus. n dead twigs of a Billardiera, Rodway, 610. Allied to X. Berterii, Mont., but distinguished by the blackish green tinge of every par rt. Pluteus mem Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus tenuis, e convexo expansus, obtuse umbonatus, glaber, atro-cyaneus, 2-4 cm. latus. Lamelle 6onforti, postice rotundato-liberw, e cssio incarnato- grises. Spore angulate, 8-10 „ diam. Stipes farctus, ern superne subdilatatus, chalybeus, basi excepta glaber, 5-6 cm longus, 2-3 mm. crassus. On dead wood, Rodway, 562. Resembling Leptonia bizzozeriana, Sacc., which differs from the present in the scurfy pileus and elliptic spores. Leptonia obscura, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosulus, e con- vexo plano-umbonatus, margine primo LEM nigro-chalybeus, junior totus dense villosus, dein bene evolutus squamulis par- vulis "oett. 2-4 cm. latus. Zamelle subeonferte, latze, adnate, fuliginose, demum carneo tincte. Spore angulosw, apiculate, d 1 oa um A Stipes farctus, equalis, concolor, 5-6 cm. longus, 3 inu o On the podad i in woods, pen 307. Affinity with L. chalybea, Frie Flammula eoan Massee in Grevillea, xx. (1891) p. 25. Rodway, 4 "This S irem was E referred to Flammula veluticeps, 3 pin : Cooke and Mass., by McAlpi | Psilocybe cdipus, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus carnogag, : e con- = vexo plano-depressus, margine levis, glaber, siccus, obscure, rufo- brunneüs, a em. — re confert», emis deer. ® 179 e flavo-brunneo fuscescentes. Spore ellipsoidee, fuligines, 6-7 x Au. Stipes fistulosus, equalis, basi bulbosus, lamellis con- eolor, 4—5 cm. longus. On the ground, Hobart, Rodway, 320. Allied to P sarcocephala, Fries. Boletus Rodwayi, Massee (sp. nov... Pileus pulvinatus, dein convexo-planus, viscosus, glaber, vinosus, margine flavescens, 3-5 em. latus. Caro alba, sapore grato. Tubuli circa stipitem depressi, elongati; pori angulati, ‘05 mm. lati, incarnati vel subrubentes. Spore eylindrico-fusoides, uniguttulate, rubro- 1 brunnescentes, 9-10 x 4 a. Stipes solidus, Aur uec due, basi o curvatus vel AEEA 1-8 us, rassus. "On the gio ound, Rodway, 266, with a figure Distinguished amongst species having flesh-coloured tubes by the viscid pileus and somewhat slender, equal, incurved stem. Flesh of pileus comparatively thin Polyporus soles Fries, Syst. Mi Yer i. (1821) p. 59. On wood, Rodway, 194. Polyporus ae: Massee CU nov.) FPileus carnosus, tur- binatus, plano-depressus, ochroleucus vel pallide alutaceus, glaber, 6-7 cm. latus. Pori e inzequales, dee straminei, marginibus fimbriati, cirea 1 mm. lati. o m lenta. Spore hyaline, leves, oblongo-ellipsoidex, d 135 x 6-1 Stipes uen solidus, subreticulatus, 2-2:5 x l5 round, Rodway, 138. Bestel “affinity with P. ovinus, Fries. Hydnum Caput-meduse, Fries, Syst. Myc. i. (1821) p. 409. = dead wood, Rodway Y, 234. mall fo cm. in diameter, and in this respect differing fre: the typical European form, with which it, however, agrees in all essential featur Hymenochete Mougeotii, Massee in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxvii. (1891) p On dead re Rodwaı y, 448. Hymenochzte corrugata, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, v. (1846) p. 192. On dead wood, Rodway, 337. > gee tenuissima, Berk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) x. (1869) p. On dead ood Rodway, 336. Peniophora Berkeleyi, Cooke in Grevillea, viii. (1879) p. 20. On dead bark, Rodway, 542. Myxomycidium, Massee (nov. gen.) Receptacula pendula, stipitata, tremelloso-gelatinosa, hyalina. ee clavata, sterig- matibus quaternis. Spore weit hyalin remarkab: us without very ende nt affinities. "The watery, gelatinous substance es ests the Tremellinezx, but the oiy clavate basidia, surmounted by four slender sterigmata, 180 are opposed to this view. The general form of the e is that ef the Clavarieze, where the chain consistency i unknown. Myxomycidium pendulum, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptacula pendula, aquoso-gelatinosa,~ stipitata, on apice acu hyalina vel basi ochraceo tincta, 1- em. longa. Basidia clavata, meii 6-7 u. Spore ovate, iin hyaline, glabra, 3-9 On rotten Act Rodway, 605. * Always 8 pendulous and in ed much more watery than any Clavaria we have.” (Rodway.) sanae candida, Pers., Disp. (1797), p. 6. rotten wood; Rodway, 5 arts of the specimen the plants are closely compacted pue and indistinguishable from neiffia SAHEN, Berk. & Curt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) x ised On ah = Rodway, 468. Tremella vinosa, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptaculum gelatinosum, molle, gyroso-plicatum, glabrum, vinosum, 1-2 cm. latum e globosa, 4-sterigmatica, Spore subglobosm, hyaline, Te, p ° On dead wood, Rodway, 594. Allied to 7. corrugata, Schweinitz. | Gyrocephalus luteus, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptacula gelatinosa, Basidia stipitata, spathulato-con mvoluta, flavida, 1-1-5 em. lata. globosa, cruciatim partita, sterigmatibus quaternis elongatis E I ir ls ‘@ hyaline, continue, glabre, oblongo-curvate 3 x On dead ied, Rodway, 598. ANS Gunnii, Berk. ez Cooke, Hanab. Austr. Fung. (1892) ` : “On the ground, Rodway, 291. Tylostoma mammosum, Fries, Syst. Myc. iii. (1829 p. 42. On the ground, Rodway, 535. - g t gases glaucum, Cooke d Massee in Grevillea, xv. (1887) — : In the ground on dry hill-sides, Rodway, 534. Mr. Rodway points out that the central woody nucleus is P absent in this species, which ne lacks one of the essential E features of the genus Diploderm Hymenogaster nanus, Massee et gv y (sp. nov.). Peridium | globosum, gibbosum, vix visc idum, 3X9 cm. latum, griseo- . radiantes; septa crassa, brunnea. eon re elliptice, err. = : subacute, verruculoss, flavo-brunnes, pellucidw, 14-15 Underground, Hobart, Rodway, 609 __ “I have only found the one Era: ‚It seems very close to forms of m iie Gunnii ? het the apos are woor a be Rodway). as large.” don eR Prem, 181 Hysterangium neglectum, Massee et Rodway (sp. nov.). Peridium subglobosum, extus pallidum, rugulosum, nec a gleba separabile, 1-15 cm. latum. Gleba subgelatinosa, ge Bruhn: absque basi sterili; cellule irregulares, gyros Spore. ellipsoideo- oblonge, utrinque obtuse, ruguloss, Sent flavo-brunnez, 12-13 x 8 y. Dndererennd: Hobart, Rodway, 614. Allied to H. affine, Massee & Rod way. ASCOMYCETES. fyri rufa, Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. (1849) p. 383. On rotten wood, Rodway, 555. Xylaria cupressiformis, Becc. in Erb. Critt. Ital. no. 1278. On dead bark, Rodway, 554. Hypoxylon annulatum, Mont., Syll. Crypt. (1856) p. 213. On dead wood, Rodway, 224. Nectria tephrothele, Berk. in Hook. f., Flor. Tasm. ii. (1860) ` Parasitic on Hypoxylon annulatum, Mont., Rodway, 224. Parodiella Banksiæ, Sacc. et Bizz. in Sacc., Syll. ix. (1895), no. vus e under surface of living leaves of Banksia marginata, PUR Rodway, 540. Coccomyces trigonus, Karsten., Myc. Fenn. i. (1871) p. 257. On dead leaf of Hucal, yptus obliqua, L'Hérit., Rodway, 542. Lembosia geographica, Massee (sp. nov.). Perithecia dense gregaria, in maculis rotundis nigricantibus nidulantia, elongato- flexuosa, contextu parenchymatica. Asci subelavati, breviter pedicellati, octospori. Spore oblonge, medio 1-septat s, ad septum demum subconstricte, flavo-brunnes, 20 x 6-7 u On phyllodes of Hucalyptus obli ict re iste. Y, '5AL. Spots black, usually circular, ave m. across; often running into each other and forming Be KR men ovina, Cesati et De Notar. Schema Sfer. Ital. on p. 2 n bark, pcne with Sordaria caudata, Sacc., Rodway, 584. ura caudata, Sacc., Syll. i. (1882) no. 858. n bark, along with Lasiospheria ovina, Cesati & De — fon 584. Dothidiella inzqualis, Cooke in Grevillea, xx. (1891) p. 5. On leaves of Eucalyptus obliqua, L'Hérit., Rodway, 538. Exoascus deformans, Fuckel, Symb. Mycol. (1869) p. 252. On living peach leaves, Rodway , 455. ** Seems to differ in habit from the — plant by always growing on the upper surface of the leaf,and in the ascigerous stage being immediately followed. = wer that form a close, pale brown, velvety surface.” (Rodway). — 10-12 y. 182 Barlea miltina, Sacc., m viii. (1889) no. 424. On sandy soil, Rodway, 139. ‚Lachnea nt Gillet, Disc. France (1819), p. 76. - On cow dung, Rodwa y, 552. The justam e funus is is a trifle smaller in every part than the typical European form. The stellate hairs are well developed c on the exterior of the ascophore. Umbrophila aurantiaca, Massee (sp. nov.) iren e sub explanata, marginibus revoluto-convexis, substipitata, usque 1 cm. lata, subochracea, glabra, disco leete ochracea vel aurantiaca. Asci cylindracei, basi elongato-attenuati, apice iodo intense cæruleo- tincti. pore monostichæ, hyaline, ellipsoidee, plerumque biguttulatæ, 10-12 x 7-8 u, c oniinn, Paraphyses numerosæ, filiformes, apice vix incrassatæ, septatæ. n trunk of Dicksonia antarctica, Labill., Hobart, Rodway, Distinguished from every known species of Umbrophila by the clear ochraceous colour of all parts SPHÆROPSIDEÆ. Ceuthospora innumera, Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma pustuliforme, nigrum, pluriloculare, loculis distinctis sine ordine dispositis, ostiolis prominulis, subcutaneo-erumpens, 0:5-1 mm. latum. Sporule hyaline, cylindraceæ, rectæ, 25 x 2-5-3 p On . oe leaf of prises did Rodway, 616. Den crowded, usually confined to one surface of the leaf ; allied to T. po Kalchbr. & Cooke. New ZEALAND, SPH ZROPSIDEA. Phoma Podocarpi, _— (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria, atra, subepidermica, ostiolo descubren qiue obtusa, contextu parenchy- matica, cellulis minutiss 250 u lata. Basidia filiformia. . Spore ‘hyaline, eyHdelec-elir alien, utrinque obtusate, 2-guttu- late, 9-10 x 2 On leaves of Podocarpus ferruginea, G. Benn., Otago, Hector, 80. Allied to P. Saxifragarum, West Soromon IsraNps. ASCOMYCETES. _ Apospheria Alpini, Massee (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria vel _ Spársa, sübeu cat EM globosa-depressa, atra, papillata, — 5 mm. lata. Basidia filiform x Spore hyali eontinuse, igidon vel obovate, episporio glabre, 183 ° In a collection chiefly from New Georgia, on the branches of the inflorescence and also on the WU and corolla of an ere a, Officers of H.M.S.‘ Penguin,’ 1894-1895 New CALEDONIA. SPHJEROPSIDE.E. Gleosporium Araucarie, ipea (sp. nov.) Acervuli Serre erumpentes, convexuli, sparsi, pallidi, 5-1 mm. lati, epidermi irregulariter lacerata cincti. "Ha sidia filiformia, hyalina, 10-15 5 longa. Conidia elongato-subfusoidea, hyalina, 18-91 On the female cones of Araucaria stmt. T. Muell, Ve SUA Allied to G. Coniferum, Sacc. & Roumeg. Sırrra Leone, ASCOMYCETES. Clypeolum sparsum, ren (sp. nov.). 1 vritheci ia hine inde in folii superficie sparsa, ne in maculis en insidentia, superficialia, 2 00 di epiphy 2 en a atr ra, astom - p diam. sci cylindri obtusissime rotu anda. deorsum ne. sitenmato stiitati, paraphysibus obvallati, octospori, 45-50 x istiche, oblongo-elliptice, medio 1-septate, non vel vix constr er basi et apice en hyalins, 7-8 x Paraphyses filiformes, ascis longiore On living leaves of an know. tree (? Excætaria), in bush near Mofari, Scott-Elliot, 4431. British East Arrica. USTILAGINEJE. Ustilago goniospora, Massee (sp. nov.) Sori ign yeast. tns "provecta brunneo-violacei, in. ovariis evoluti. xis rregulares, spheroideo-angulate, 10-12 diam., epispori crassiusculo chines mox secedentes et dein pulverem ins violaceum efforma In the ova ries ut an undetermined Aristida, Ukamba, Scott- Elliot, 6491. | SPHMROPSIDEM. Phoma Euphorbis, Sacc. in Michelia ii. (1882) p. 333. - 3 On stem of Tragia, Mbuyuni, Scott- Elliot, 6200. 184 HYPHOMYCETES. Cladosporium Herbarum, Link, Obs. Mycol. ii. (1791), p On leaves of Cluytia richardiana, Muell. Arg., Uie, Scott- Elliott, 2334. British CENTRAL AFRICA. UREDINEÆ. Uredo Euphorbiicola, Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888) p. On Euphorbia hochstetteriana, ? DL ihe le North Nyasaland. Whyte. SPHÆROPSIDEÆ. Diplodia Tragiæ, Massee (sp: nov.). Perithecia subcutaneo- erumpentia, atra, glabra, poc. globoso-depressa, circa 200 p. diam., sparsa ver subsolita Basidia filiformia. Sporule elliptico-oblonge, utrinque pie l-septatz, episporio glabra, PS 18-20 x 10 y. On stem of Tragia sp. pe between Kondowe to Karonga, North alent 2000-6000 ft., Whyte Allied to D. Humuli, "Fuckel, but readily distinguished from this and every other species by the dingy violet spores. Bermupa. BASIDIOMYCETES. Psathyra conopilea, Sace., Syll. v. (1887) no. 1060. On the ground, St. George' 8, Cummins. TN u Hypholoma bermudiense, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus, centro | eei es submembranaceus, e subgloboso expansus, glaber, levis, pallide ochraceus, versus marginem zruginascens, viscidus, 3—4 cm dh. Lamelle sat Mercede und rotundato-annexe, e pallido fuscescentes, acie eee Spore amygdaliformes, violaceo- . por fuscæ, T x 5p. Stipe s equalis, solidus, albidus 8, supra a: on ‘the ground, St. George's, Cummir Allied to H. eruginosum, Curt., but etg oihdd by the thin : : pileus and the coarsely serrated gills. USTILAGINEJE. Ustilago Stenotaphri, Massee (sp. nov.) Sori ex olivaceo — brunnei, atri, pulverulenti, ovaria habitantes. Spore irr rregulares, "n a oblonge, sphæro ideo-angulaße,. 5-7 p diam., epis pore = levissim: i 3 185 UREDINE®. Puccinia Virg-aurem, Libert, Crypt. Arduenn., fasc. iv, no. 393. aca living leaf of Solidago sempervirens, Linn., St. George's, ummins, Costa Rica. ASCOMYCETES. A 41 B la, Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma erumpens, diate: atrum, 1-2 mm. latum. Perithecia subglobosa, ostiolo vix visibile. Asci eee on -fusiformi. Spore uw te hyaline, elongato-elliptice, utrinque acute, continue, glabra 17-20 x 4-5 u. Paraph yn filiformes n dead leaves of Anthurium gracile, Lindbl.: Atino, Prov. DM at 2100 ft., Donnell Smith, 6813. CHILE. PERONOSPOREE. Cystopus Portulace, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 3, viii. (1847) 371: "On living leaves of Calandrinia axilliflora, Barn., Santiago Philippi. DCLIX.--MANGABEIRA RUBBER. (Hancornia speciosa, Gomez.) we Nowe tua: tcu die pp. 67 and 69; 1898, pp. 179, 180) no account of this r has been given in the pages of the Kew Bulletin. The dar ill, short Sates appeared in the Kew Reports :— Hancornia speciosa.—Our attention having been drawn to this plant as the source of Mangabeira rubber, steps were taken to « own .—. Report on er pp. 23, 24). The rubber appears o be of good quality, and the tree has also the merit of producing = excellent fruit shout the ve ege an Orleans plum, and yellow in colour, speckled with red. The fruit, in fact, in Pernambuco, is more valued than the caoutchouc. I extract the following information from Consul Bonham's Report on the Trade of Pernambuco (1819) :— beira rubber is obtained from the trees of that name, which are to be found in large numbers in the bacio of this, as well as of the other northern provinces. The reports which I 186 A a : hear have been received from Liverpool of dee eg ee of this article are far from favourable ; the price went o 2. TE per Ib., but has fallen again, and it would appear that i per lb. is about. the price obtainable in England in ordinary times. idea of the great value of he article having got abroad here, the price rose to an absurd figure, having during t this last season varied from 8,000 reis, or los. to 26,000 reis, or 52s. per 15 kilos., or 33 Ibs. The method employed in the e preparation of the rubber is very primitive, and, I think, may easily account for the article not being well received; if the milk were treated in a more careful manner, there seems no reason why the rubber should not lumps of rubber are then placed in the sun, after which it is sent to the market; from this defective mode of preparation a great loss of weight afterwards occurs, frequently as much as 40 to 50 per cent., some say even more.” (1880, pp. 47, 48.) A quantity of good seeds of Ene plant (Hancornia speciosa) were sent to Kew by Mr. C. Craven, of aay nambuco, and we distributed among the oe. Bolas Sea :—Brisbane, | Calcutta, Ceylon, Demerara, Sin re, Juv , and Jamaica. The o seeds sown at Kew germinated tecly, bur owing to damp the plantlets all perished. Apparently this plant prefers a dry atmosphere and a sandy soil. (1882, p. 24.) The following detailed account of the plant, and of the rubber _ obtained from it, is translated from a paper by Professor O. — Warburg, in Der Tropenflanzer, Zeitschrift für Tropische Land- — wirthschaft, iii., p. 147 :— * Mangabeira rubber is the product of Hancornia speciosa, à tree of the Natural Order Apocynacex, found in those dry regions of Brazil which lie to the south of the — of the Amazon. It occurs on the so-called Campos cerrados, in the Provinces of Pernambuco, Bahia, Goyaz, Minas Sone, Matto Grosso I and Sao ulo n rovinces of Ba and Pernambuco the rubber is chiefly obtained. The tree is abundant in the Provinces of Goya inas Geraes, and, according to Edwall,* in such amount as a Fae PRIME plant of their Campos o be = cerrados. In the eed ing Province of São Paulo, the range —— of Hancornia crosses its nn limi the Rio Grande, and . o the n the native campo, it can be grown in a more moist climate to à - luxuriant extent. Towards the west it spreads through Matto E Grosso to the eui aue of e In Paraguay, at Jacuati, to iha south-east of Concepcion, Balansa has collected a plant which, if not iem same, is a very near kt Pe l| .* Gustavo Edwall, * Die Mangabeira,” in Deutsche Zeitung 8. Paulo, No. 99, 187 In the Gran E and in Paraguay, an abundant tree, known on the Gua as Manga-icé, and probably identical, yields. an excellent pears oa which is collected in considerable quantity by a primitive method about Villa San Pedro DESCRIPTION, e Mangabeira > of the ee attains the size of an coe tree, i.e., a height of 16 to 23 feet, but in the Province of Säo Paulo fails at n 12 feet. it ae freely, forming a wh height of the Its many rather pendulous branches bear short lateral brehicdéts and are leafy only at the extremities. The te tie are brownish and smooth, the old branches encased in a corky bark. The opposite paired leaves are elliptic or long- elliptic i in shape, are contracted towar rds the rounded a e X; —4 in. long and j-1j in. broad. The leaf-stalks are short— veins parallel to one another, and sometimes forked to support the margin, close to which they e nd. The flowers are Aceon wee about 1? in. long, and grouped as Many as sev ogether n the e nds of the branches. The calyx is small, eas yp in. oh, glabrous or hairy, with "i94 small, ovate, obtuse teeth. The corolla is 14-1} in. long, with a long, narrow cylindric tube blocked by hairs at the middle, and wit ve small lanceolate somewhat reflexed lobes, half as long as the tube. "The five stamens are inserted on and enclosed within the corolla-tube, and have lanceolate acute anthers. The style is filiform, long, and bears at its apex a two-lobed stigma. The ovary is two-celled, with many ovules in each cell, e which but one cell and a few ovules mature in the ripening fru This fruit is of the size of a plum, fleshy, with pe agreeable taste, and contains the few matured seeds embedded 1n the flesh. When ripe it is yellow, with blotches and streaks of red. It keeps but a short time, yet is much prized as a food, being eaten fresh and cooked in many ways. While the Portuguese call it Mangába, the natives use the name Tembiu-catu, which means “ good to eat." A drink as well as a conserve is made from it. CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS. According to information from Mr. S. Woldern, British Vice- Consul in Ceara, the tree grows wild in all wooded districts, on sandy soil. a its culture sandy soil in the plains, especially toward the coast, is most suited. The statement that the ed grows from 3,000 or even 4,000 to 5,000 feet above the s according to o Marval Irmaos, of Bahi ia, incorrect, the putes on which it occurs being but of 500 to 600 feet elevation. CULTIVATION. But little positive information is to hand under this head. In most.of the great gardens of Asia and the West Indies the tree seems not to be grown, although in 1880 steps were taken by 188 the Botanic Gardens of Kew to cultivate it. Seeds were received and Conn raised at Kew, but of the result we have no | inform x At an A the tree needs no shade. Experiments are needed as to the best method of propagating it, which in the Province of Sao Paulo is done both by cuttings and from seed. YIELD. Equally is little certain at prosent about the yield. When four or five years old, or, according t omer Saee authorities, when Six years o old, the tree is CU ough. to o be tapped. This s done by cutting a spiral groove st is preferable, oblique PETER in the bark at some distance ES one another, eight of such, perhaps, in the whole length of the trunk. Below the maton by the use of a little moist 7, a trough is made to tch the juice as it runs out. At nem of a quarter to half an en the supply is exhausted. This y be 2 lbs. and upw though in the rich parts of Säo Pdl tha terra-roxa (red earth) district, celebrated for its coffee—as much as 11 lbs. of juice may be obtained. A zn matter in the bark gives to the fresh into larger vessels, and mixed with alum (Stauss’ rwn This produces coagulation in two or three minutes. Two teaspoonsful of alu lution are suffieient for milk enough to fill two or three bottles. The caoutchoue is then pressed by hand, and hung on sticks in the sun for eight days to allow the water to exude and drain off. The product thus prepared is in the form of large t" called biscuits ; it still contains much water, and belongs o the class of caoutchoues known as moist rubbers ET is obvious that the Tank of the rubber into thin “ sheets,” instead of biscuits, is of advantage, for it gives facilities for drying, and consequently adds to its value. This mode of method of collecting and preparing Mangabeira rubber be found which will yield more nearly such a product as the trade desires ? TRADE, * Pernambuco biscuits” are large rectangular cakes of a reddish- brown colour outside, but bright rose-coloured inside, with a peculiar sweet scent, full of cavities containing a solution of alum and usually with marks of its exudation on the surface, In the working up of the rubber, a loss, sometimes of as much as 40 to 60 per cent., occurs. The caoutchouc is but little elastic, hardens with age, breaks and tears—faults attributed to the presence of the alum. The demand for such rubber is small, and due chiefly to its pleasing soleus and the price in consequence is but half that — of rub : . Recently, eng zs price of Mangabeira rubber has advanced by reason of the improvement in the purity, and on account M its rp suitabiliy, when pure, for certain pep 189 In consequence, the en the price of er best sorts and that of Para rubber is much diminished. the end of last year, a kilogramme (2 Ibs. 3 ozs.) of the bait Mii ga bola rubber sold for upwards of 12 milreis EFÈT -i shillin ngs): a price not far short of that of Para rubber. additional cause of the UM in vie is ` þe —— in vm Sarti in making up the rubber; for ing to the constant wateh which is necessary to guard hei ep » addition i iron or stones put in to make weight, pieces of rubber only 4-3 in. thick and 2 ft. long by 10 ins. broad, the so-called “sheets " “4 mde. are welcome in the trade. Of recent years, the adem of this source of rubber has taken a considerable extension. And, while the intelligent collectors, bi. start from Ba ie and work toward the interior, have only tapped mature trees, improvident nds collectors, making hei: own profit out of the pressing demand of the time, have in many places mischievously E o on the supply and threatened its continuance. he chief centres for export of Mangabeira rubber are Bahia and Pernambuco. A large supply is brought down the river Sao Francisco, and so to Bahia ; and from this town, in 1889, 134 tons were exported ; in 1892, 4,362 bales, to the value of £22,826 ; and in 1893, 3,293 bales, to the value of £20,362. From Pernambuco were exported, in in 1896, 54 tons, to the value of £1,800.* A small mount of caoutchouc from the Province of Matto Grosso (prob- ably Mangabeira rubber) is exported down the Parana through Paraguay, and fee b pei from Minas Geraes are shipped through Rio de Jan Recently, the Poraa of São Paulo has begun to demand a place in es consideration of rubber export. Regions here, such as that t opt: which the Mogyana railway runs, are exploited, i ia for t one-third of the clear profits. A worker can collect about 63 Ibs. of rubber per diem, and receives on the spot 75 milreis (£2 9s. approximately) per arroba (324 Ibs.). The arroba is sold in London for 200 milreis. In the first. half of the year 1898, no less than 16,498 kilogrammes (approximately 78 tons) of rubber were passed over this railwa , and yet the railways of Paulista and Sorocaba equally traverse the country where the Mangabeira tree grows. In consequence of the increasing trade, Santos has become an important centre for rubber, and there, as at the town of Sao Paulo, now exist mercantile houses whose principal concern lies in this bustin ét In this Province, an idea of the importance of ae bs e tre rs are t hard to procure. The Government hoping, by means of the duty on rubber (now E at 13 per cent. ad val eed to recuperate its finances, which have become disordered by the depreciation of coffee, has instructed Dr. A. Uchoa Cavalcanti, Acting Director of the Agricultural Institute at Campinas, to inspect the territory * Probably an error for £18,000. 190 in question ; and further, the Congress of the State has decreed that the Mangabeira tree shall be protected, and its cultivation extended, as is advisable This decree, in brief, runs as follows :— ; Article 1. $i. A premium of 25 contos of reis (25,000 milreis, or about. £784) shall be pu to him who, within four years from the passing of this decree, ees show that within a distance of 60 kilometres (27 miles) of a railway, he has planted and cultivated, for 2 Taste at least, the greatest — number of Mangabeira trees, preserving between the trees i enough room for their free developme : Sii. A premium of 15 contos (nearly £410) to him who shall = have planted the second greatest number. a ar A premium of 15 contos to him who shall have fulfilled E all the conditions of the first paragraph, excepting t he requirement with regard to the distance from a railway. ee Sv. A on m of 25 contos to him who, within the same — space of time, Sati within the prescribed 60 kilometres of a railway, shall have cultivated, for two years’ at least, the greatest number of Man gabeira trees, provided that at a same time he shall have rondlolill the ground, and remov all other trees §v. A premium ‘of 15 contos to rient shall have cultivated, | etc., the second greatest amo ok $vi. x premium of 15 contos i: oe stern shall have fulfilled — all the conditions of the fourth paragraph, except the — requirement with regard to the distance from a railway. ^ (vii. A premi of 10 contos (about £313) to whoever r have — ed in a manner profitable from the agricultural s mW any other species of rubber B eg., Manihot Glaziovi Article 2. A premium of 15 contos of reis to whoever E show that within the same time he has devised the best = method of extracting the latex. D Although but little is known so far of the cultivation of Mangabeira, it may be said that there is a considerable probab EC of it EEE zn important tree in rubber-culture. 4° German RR of Atrion [eem and Togoland | nae suc! for instance, as occur at Misa Bie. | ii the latter these soils it promises to be considerably eng ted p^ the. Ceara rubber plant (Manihot Glaziovii), and the Para rubbers (Hevea), and will probably give better b "han Castilloa, than Which it is more hardy, earlier maturing, and smaller." -191 DCLX.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. MR. WILLIAM tape a sub-foreman in the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed on the recommendation of Kew Curator, to the A Mee nen Physic Garden, MR. ALBERT HOWARD, B.A., Scholar of St. John’s College, Cambridge, has €: appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Agricultural Science in Barbac 08. The news of the sudden death at the early age of 56, of HENRI LEVEQUE DE VILMORIN, on August 24th, at his country seat, Verrieres, near Paris, was received at Kew with the e profoundest regret. De Vilmorin had worthily continued the traditions of the great house of Vilmorin Andrieux et Cie., in which he une several generations of his family. Its business of seedsmen i no doubt the most widely extended and possibly the ae in the world. Its affairs constantly brought him to England, and he rarely failed on such occasions to visit Kew, to which he never ceased to extend the warmest friendship. He could not in facı ve shown more interest in or regard for its work had it been an institution of his own country. But it was not as a mere man of business that De Vilmorin will be remembered. He brought a keen scientific intelligence to bear e pages owe to them the interesting uet te AB. an pp. 3118) of the eg in — he had so large by which the sugar beet has en to its er len as a ne Meo d so of few men A better known throughout Europe ; B. might "ras pd said throughout the civilised world. A man dignified presence, with singular charm of manner, and an alert and sympathetic mind stored with the most varied but precise warmer cli British Isles ; and when one asked De Vilmorin to do a thing, on could rely upon its Pn as effectively accomplished as if one had done it oneself. A loveable nature, a Seg enthusiasm, and a sterling integrity inspired a noble charac Botanical Magazine for August.—A quarto a is given to Aloe Schweinfur thii, a magnificent species discovered by Dr. furt e a scandent habit. The Kew plant, which was received from 3790 D2 192 3 J. Medley Wood, Esq., A.L.S., Curator of the Natal Botanie Garden, in 1885, flowers annually in the Succulent House during the pner, The flowers are white, or pert slightly pink, and fragra Aster Piccolii, a new spec was raised from 3 collected i in North China by Father Piccoli, of the Jesuit Mission, j ) 4, of the @ wi kai ras eaten e account of the absence of. pappus. Ephedra altissima was dra from material also sent by Thomas Hanbury, Esq. Its abunda bright-red fruits render it a striking object in the gardens at La Mortola. It is a native of North Africa, and is not hardy in Great Britain. Mussenda capsulifera is a pretty white-flowered species from Socotra, whence seeds were brought by the late Mr. G. Theodore Bent, in 1897. EIER TUE MMC NIRE EON DUC IME IT I S Te a Botanical egy m for September.—Coleus thyrsoideus is a free- growing species from British Central Africa, me Herbarium specimens ber fertile seeds were sent to Kew by A. Whyte, sq. F.L.S. The flowers are rather jargo, bright blae, and are borne in long terminal panicles. Begonia sinensis is a tuberous- rooted species with small pale rose-coloured flowers. See from which the x. plants were raised were received from i who collected them in Y Calathea picta is one Bull’s oem introductions from Brazil, and has been e under the name Maranta picta. Its leaves are dark velvety green above, ike d with Do of pale green, and purple below. Asparagus scandens is the representative of the genus figured in the Magazine. This pod _was introduced into England from the Cape by Mr. Francis Masson — — at the end of the last century. The specimen drawn was sent — to Kew by Mr. Leech, of the gardens at Woodhall, Dulwich. writhing eg is a curious species from Somaliland, where vered by Mrs. Lort Phillips and Miss Edith Cole, who a the Sat from which the drawing was made to the Botanic . Garden, Cambridge. In habit it closely resembles D. arabica, — "E cU ‚of which a figure appeared in Hooker's Icones Plantarum, k = .. Flora amens 3 of vol. vii., edited by the Director, was published in September. It contains a further instalment of the elaboration of the Graminec by Dr. O, Stapf. Flora of Tropical Africa—Part 1 of vol. v., edited by the Director, was published in September. It contains the first instalment of the examination of the Acanthacee, a family largely represented in the tropics of both worlds, and but scantily in -temperate regions. This = been undertaken by Messrs. I. H. Burkill, S., and C. B. Clarke, F.R.S. The latter gentleman brought to bear upon the aim a unique knowledge of the Indian 193 en of the family. The discrimination of genera and spec it is both intricate and difficult, and Mr. C. B. Clarke was u thisble e complete his work without a visit of some duration to Bu to study the African species described by German botanists. Botanie Station, St. x —]t has been Sepe insisted upon in the Kew Bulletin that the only chance for some im- provement in the present distrossód condition of Ws West Indies is to multiply as much as possible the cultural industries. Administrator King Harman’s Report on St. Lucia for 1897 (pp. 18- -20) : affords an interesting example of what has already been done in this direction in that Island. BOTANIC STATION. * Much activity has prevailed in connection with the Botanic Station, in which an increasing interest is shown by the general publie. Plants were distributed throughout the Island to the number of 21,138, exclusive of 9,000 ginger sets given gratis to purchasers of Crown lands, and an impetus has been given to the eultivation of Liberian coffee, cocoa, nutmegs and kola, the umber of see — by sale, exchange or free gift being as follow | Sale and | —— | Exohange. | Free. Total | | or ems coffee iui Au sek 10,942 5,994 16,936 C Ho 44 1,302 1,346 Nutmeg A e ud m 444 463 907 Kola ^ es as 214 704 918 The following table, shewing the number of economic plants eni ibuted during the last three years, affords satisfactory vidence that the station is increasing in favour with the public, e that its sphere of usefulness is being constantly enlarged :— Y ve hec Plants E tributed. 1895 4,380 1896 » | 19,504 1897 22,179 In addition to the assistance given to the planting community at the station itself, the Curator is paying periodical visits to the several districts of the Island for the purpose of giv ing lectures and practical ae Sa upon agricultural topics, in the hope of enco ing an extended cultivation of the most useful and valuable Bono plants upon rational'and scientific principles. 194 The site of the t pgs station leaves unfortunately much to be desired, and w more suitable land the advantages n now offers’ will be brought home with greater force to the general public COCOA. The > for 1897 was a small one, owing to the heavy rain- fall and wind experienced during the flo owering period of May and June. The cultivation is slowly increasing, and it is hoped that the excellent dee obtained by the few planters who apply pov EAE ie he treatment of their crop may, together the sound re tender ed by the Curator of the Botanic Station Pte on his lecturing tours, induce the petty proprietors to improve on the primitive system to which they obstinately ling. COFFEE. Liberian coffee is proving to be — Ap iem to ei soil and climate of St. Lucia, and its culture 8 being exten he demand for seeds and plants is Bere ng, and impe machinery for curing the crop is being imported. KOLA. x cultivation of kola is being slowly ded and one ship- ment has been made to the London market, where good prices were obtained. GINGER. The dili oni: of this spice is at present being tried by one or two planters ut a shipment which was made in the month June ali sed. 0— hundred weight, ad the profitable of re 70/— per nature of the undertaking is being brought to the kno wledge of the people. The estimated acreage of the Bee cultivated in the Colony . is given in the following return | | E . d d 3 a E 33 — Steg |g bel Bae 2 oe d S > E] E ISB B ES t x DÉ e Eo eg aa eS, E eo | Oo) Oo ta, = 5 | & o Bes Acres ae .« „e 15,234 |3,940 | 104 | 11 [3,944 | 323 | 12,234 | 25,790 — ue The estimated acreage of the Colony is 152,3 F 195 Chelsea Physic Garden.— The following account of the re- organisation of this old Botanic Garden is extracted from the Times of April 18, 1899 :— “ The garden was established by the Society of Apothecaries in 1673. In the first instance, the ground was apparently leased by them from Lord Cheyne as a site in which to keep the ornamental barge that was a usual appanage of a City Company at that period, but at least a portion of it was almost immediately devoted to the culture of herbs for the use of the Society’s laboratory. From the beginning the Apothecaries evidently felt its expenses a serious burden on their resources. Some 40 years after it was established, they approached Sir Hans Sloane, who had purchased the manor of Chelsea from Lord Cheyne in 1712, with the desire of obtaining his assistance, and the outcome was that i n 1722 he granted them the land for ever in consideration of a yoxiy rent of 425 to the end that * The said gardens may at all times hereafter ** be continued as a Physie Garden, and for the better encouraging * and enabling the said Society to support the charge thereof, for * the manifestation of the power, wisdom and glory of God in * the works of the Creation, and that their apprentices and others * may better distinguish good and useful plants from those that * bear resemblance to them and yet are hurtful, and other the “like good purposes." The grant further — that, if the conditions were not fulfilled, or if the Society should at any time convert the garden into buildings for habitation, or to any other uses save such as were necessary for a Physie Garden, it should be lawful for Sir Hans Sloane, his heirs and assigns to enter upon the premises and hold them for the use and benefit of and in trust for the Ro oyal E or if that body refused ico — the duties entailed, then in trust for the College of Physicians of London, subject to the same vendidos as those aliy charged on the Apothe- caries. In spite of these very clearly-expressed intentions on the part of Sir Hans Sloane, who may in a sense be regarded as the “pious founder" of the garden, on several occasions the alienation of the place to other ses has been distinctly contemplated. r purpo In 1893 the Apothecaries formally applied to the Charity Com- missioners with the intention of getting their trusteeship dis- continued. In the absence of any Sore Some Ll aes rises to the garden (with the ee of two bequests of £200 and £100 respectively) the cost of m stia fell heavily on their corporate revenues. Moreover, it was ur on their behalf that, as a botanic Cei the place er neither merit nor attraction, a nd that it was impossible to galvanize it into a state of active A: Ver taion re Thes had carried it on of recent years, they said, only in the hope that it might be utilized for other purposes, and because of its potential value, the latter being the reason why rather than relinquish it they would prefer to a Be it to become a wilderness. In this connection, it may be mentioned that the value of the site, which extends to about 3} acres, is estimated at fully £50,000 as a freehold property. 196 After the Society's application proceedings were delayed for a few years pending the report of the Gresham University Com- mission, but in 1897 the whole question was thoroughly thrashed out by a Treasury committee, consisting of Sir Henry Longley, purposes of its original foundation, and the extent to which those purposes are within the range of the scientific requirements of the present day. They came to the conclusion that the place is still fitted for botanical uses. With an airy and open position, it is well set up to the south, and, if the ground shows signs 0 8 soil, they were informed, is distinctly superior for botanical purposes to that of Kew Gardens, which, by the way, it is be devoted to serious scientific and educational purposes, and not given up to the perambulators of the nursemaid or the fantasies to make any permanent appropriation of funds for such an object, they foresaw that the fact of its being maintained out of local tion were undertaken by a Government Department, Parliamentary would not only be free from popular influences likely to impair the educational value of the garden, but would also represent both the Imperial and local elements of the original trust. E e arrangement proposed on these lines by the committee was considerably modified because the trustees of the London parochial — charities found themselves able to take a much larger share in the administration of the garden than was at first expected. In the 197 scheme sanctioned by ihe Charity Commission the trustees of the o trustees of the London parochial charities, and one each by the Treasury, the Lord President of ihe Council, the Technical Education Board of the County Council, the Royal Society, the Phaensecutiosl Society, the University of London, and the Society the promotion of the study of botany, with special vetu ce to the requirements of general education, scientific instruction and research in botany Se ern vegetable physiology) and instruc- tion in technical arm cology a as far as the culture of medicinal ed for th and experimental teaching with the aid of botanical as ns, while a physiological laboratory with appliances um demonstration and Serco may also be provided. In ge ort of the een the trustees are to contribute out of the income of the City Parochial Foundation an annual sum not poly £800, together with such an amount of capital for the equipment of the garden and buildings as may be agreed upon with the Charity Commis- sioners. In return the students of institutions receiving aid from the London parochial charities are eligible for admission without . So long, too, as not less than £150 is „paid annually to the trustees out of moneys el provided by Parliament, the same privilege is se to the Royal College of Science, and its students, professors and chee are to be entitled to use for purposes of teaching or research the garden, botanical collections, d lecture rooms for not less than three hours on each day between April 1 and et 31, and on two days of the week during p rest of the year. In other cases the Pul for admission and the fees (if any) to pé charged are within the discretion of the en of management, subject to the approval of the Charity Commissioners." Uganda — —The following note deserves recording, if only to commemorate the late Capt. B. L. Sclater, Eu who Pees a : "d promise in opening up the access to Uganda from the coast, and added one more name to the band of distinguished men who have perished in the work of African pioneering. The promised specimens were never destined to reach Kew. But there is little doubt that the Juniper referred to is Juniperus rocera, Hochst. Roth says of it on the label of an Abyssinian specimen in the Kew Herbarium :—* Arbor (i atimia; sylvas ang unica e familia Coniferarum. Lignum usitatissi- mü The other Conifer is most probably a Podocarpus. i 198 EXTRACT from Captain B. L. Sclater's letter, dated Eldoma, Mau Escarpment, British East Africa, April 9th, 1896, to. Mr. P. L. Sclater, F.R.§ * [ think 1 told y you about the Juniper forests on the top of the Kedony Escarpment. The forests to the north of Lake Naivasha are of the same Juniper, and we are building the bridge over the Morendal with it. 1t is also — n M and I have seen large trees 200 feet high, and a t 8 feet in diameter at the base. There is also another a ar ge demie more like a pine, which grows to a good size. There are plenty of young junipers here, but I have not yet been able to find cones of either sort. Please let me know if t they are known at Kew, as I can easily send — — ' of the wood and leaves. I will get the cones if Ic Mr. Alexander Whyte, F.L.S., Curator of the Botanic Station, Uganda, writes, January 20th, 1899 .— “The juniper is a most excellent timber, and will prove a source of revenue now that the railway is nearly up to the Nirobi forests. Sclater’s bridges are made of it, and they are as good as the day they were erected." Soudan Products. RM little is Ban at present as to the available resources of the Soudan. The following pre- liminary account appears in the "Board of rade Journal for July of the present year (pp. 30, 31) :— The Foreign Office net ers through H.M. Agent and Consul-General at Cai ort by Sir William Garstin, K.C.M.G., on the MD ond: of. which the following i8 an extract ER very > posable source of future wealth to the Soudan lies in the = forests which line the banks of the Upper Blue Nile and extend, in an easterly direction, to the Abyssinian frontier. In the "Bahr-el- Ghazal Province also, particularly in the Bongo country, weis forest tracts exist. ony tree (Dalbergia —— is met with south of €— on the Blue Nile, and again in the vicinity of the Sobat K This tree does not , in these attddés, attain to a very ih. girth, 9 inches being apparently its maximum dia- eter. It must, however, be very common in these forests, a8 most of the principal houses in Omdurman are roofed with it. The value of Acacia arabica, from which the white and red gum is obtained, is well known ; ; while the other kinds of acacia, such as Acacia nilotica (in Arabie, “ Sant”), are the chief source of the fuel supply. o mboo is met with in the ranges of hills to the south of Famaka, and, according to some, “mahogany ” is found in a good and Sree timber tree can 199 discovered in the Blue 2e forests ed can be floated down the river to Egypt, a large source of revenue will undoubtedly have een foun Extensive dini might be erected at Assouan, utilising the power available at the dam, n nder construc- e m, now u ion, and an important timber trade might one day arise. - n the White Nile, in the Bongo and Rohl districts, the india-rubber creeper (Landolphia florida) is found eat profusion. If the rubber yielded by this creeper be not of quite tree (Ficus elastica), it is still of sufficient value to be counted as an important asset in the future trade of the Soudan. This plant, which has large Jie an ed leaves, and a white flower resembling a jasmine, requires several m to mature before yielding rubber in any quantity. The natives obtain what they permit of ee tapping, its yield is so valuable (about 3/. per tree per annum) that its introduction into the country is Itis very much to be hoped that a — examination of the vam forests Sega ere long be c carried out under the super- n expert n In render good s e by advising the Government as to the best method p Diese the valable fuel supply which at present exists on the banks of both rivers. This supply, although pparently inexhaustible, must "gpeedily diminish, unless the eutting and felling of the areas is carried out upon some sees 8 i i it o ey replaciug those cut down. It is, of course, inevitable at pre- sent that the felling should be carried out in a wasteful manner. Fatigue parties are landed from the boats, and are required to cut be a C amount of wood in the shortest possible time. The n have no idea of the value of the trees, and naturally delest those which are nearest to the water and easiest cut. Should this practice be continued, it is certain that a few years must see a great diminution in the belt adjacent to the river. On the Blue Nile even the valuable gum-producing acacias are being felled for fuel.” Cochin China Gutta-Percha.—Enquiries having been made as to oan product and the plant producing ' it, the following = is roduced from th Kos Repent or 1881 (pp. 45, 4 er L. Pierre, [late] Director of the Botanic Garden, Saigon, gives in the Excursions eat E un ii. = published by the French Colonial Government at Saigon resting account of the gutta-percha desvod from Dichopsis. ee Pierre in 200 Beauvis, Contr. Gutta-Percha 60, t. 1), which appears d be a source of one of the inferior qualities met with in commer As the LU og appears difficult of access in Europe, I qud his remarks “ This tree furnishes a large quantity of a milky juice, which yields a ene of inferior quality, judging from experiments made by experts in Paris. It must be remarked, however, that the sample experimented on was obtained by the defective method used by the Cambodians in the manufacture of torches and had become resinous. The Cambodians sell it to the Chinese, who export it to Singapore, where it is sold as an inferior kind of gutta. The product, in fact, en varies in its texture according to its mode of preparation. milky juice left to itself and adii yields a whitish atendido which is not resinous nor glutinous. 'The absence of the last character is an essential por of good gutta. When on the contrary the milk is coagu ulated with hot water, it hasa glutinous texture highly injurious to its commercial value. In this state it is useless, except to mix with gutta of better quality. To prepare it properly it should be pour ured into earthern vessels and allowed to slowly evaporate without the application of any artificial heat. The process is slow, but it is that which is varta in Malaya in the od esee ted of the best sorts of gutta." (p. 227 M. Pierre very obligingly nie. a specimen of his Cochin China plant to the Kew Herbariu Mr. C. B. Clarke remarks upon it :—“ Seems very near a icles I have made, * Dichopsis Helferi, on a Tenasserim tree, of which the fruit is * not known. The leaves do not quite match either in shape or * in number of nerves, nor are the sepals exactly the same. They * may be one tree nevertheless.” Rattan Industry of Rheims.—The following account is extracted = om the iren States Consular Reports for January, 1898. The f and rattans is to some extent displacing that of villows for Bat work. The suggestion has been made that the species of Calamus which yield rattans and canes might be intro- duced into the forests E. Vix dE ee Africa, where a few species of the genus already occu * Rattan is the name em to more than one hundred species of climbing eer of the genus Calamus, natives of. inter-tropical Asia and Africa, most ir “all of which are perennial, simple or — x unbranched, oyna jointed, very tough and strong, from the size of a goose quill to the size of the human wrist, and from 50 to 100 feet in length. In the regions where it grows wild, rattan renders forests in- accessible by reason of its long, tough, and thorny stems, running from tree to tree and on the ground. "These stems are used in the manufacture of numerous articles, the principal among which are riding sticks, cables, and very strong ropes, and when split in thin strips, are used for making seats of chairs, baskets, withes | : and thongs, and all sorts of wicker ware. ; 301 One species of rattan—the Calamus Draco—from which is extracted a red, resinous substance, is employed for medicinal pur Poni India is taken the rattan used in making walking sticks ; its stem is very long, a little A er 0:29 inch in thickness, with joints 19:68 to 39:37 inches apar From Cochin China and ir Sunda Islands uS annually ex- joel i large quantities of Calamus rudentum, one of the largest kinds of m used for cables and ropes. Its dist is very lon and 0°78 inch thick near the middle, and from 1:37 to 1:96 inches in the lower part, its joints being often 7874 inches distant from each other. These natural cables are so resistant and strong that, from the Mieres Draco, the joints of the latter being from 5 62 nn apar From the Sunda and Philippine mete = taken : (1) the Calamus equestris, used in the manufac riding sticks, a vae from 196 to 221 feet in length > no ans than 0:39 inch n thickness, with its joints 7°87. inches apart; (2) the Calamus viminalis, a es slimmer than the latter, which is used for wicker w The mtüfaptitors of rattan in the consular district of Rhei buy their raw material in Germany and Holland, whither iti is First of all, the bark is taken off and is used for making seats of chairs. The core of the stem is then split into settee thin pieces and rounded off, when it is ready for making To whatever use the rattan is put, it must be first E owani and scraped. If it is desired to bend or plait it, it is softened in Thi k rat hot water, to Rigor is eee muriatic acid. ic tan is bent with light saw cuts, as is done with. piene mouldings. The output t of the tactorlós of this region is men consumed in the neighbouring territory and sold to wicker workers residing therein; the balance is purchased by Paris and a few London firms ms. There are only two important and well-known rattan factories in this consular district which uo a very Lao aE eck Raw rattan, taken on board vessels in Fre sells as follows : First quality, $15.44, sent seed MAS d: 51, per 100 kilograms (220.46 pounds.) HENRY P. DU BELLET, Rheims, November 27, 1897. Consul. . Sugar-cane in Sandwich Islands.—In the competition between the sugar-cane and the bounty-fed Se root it can hardly be doubted that with the increased amount of solar energy available = the tropics, the sugar-cane ought to: hold its own, if the same ientific resources were brought to bear on its improvement and out vat él. In other words, the s sugar-cane industry will have to e reorgani nised. What has been done in this direction in Queens- land is touched upon in the Kew Bulletin for 1897, p. 96. The 202 following extract from Mr. Acting Consul- rime ei s Report on the Trade o of the Hawaiian Islands for the y 1897 (Foreign Office, Annual Series, 2193, pp. 7 » 8), € gives an feereting account of the state of their sugar industry “The sugar industry of the Islands prospered during ‘the year 1897, all the plantations paying large dividends. Although the financial success of the sugar business 1s largely due to the treaty of reciprocity with the United States, there can be no doubt that a considerable measure of it is also due to the intelligent systems which have been adopted by the planting apes n SN and to the iseedisntion of improved methods of agricultu es manufactur A fe s ago the sugar ee of the Islands formed them- selves iioc s association, and established a laboratory and experimental station, from whic h much benefit has been derived. The director of this association makes periodical visits to the plantations, and prescribes such fertilisers as may be required, zer a — ANIM: s > soils has been made by the chemists f the asso nalyses of all fertilisers used by the is ey us = en, by the manufacturers, who are not — D paid until their goods pass the tests made for the buyers. In this way fraud and careless manufacture are checked, and the planters ed. After much experimenting it Has bee REG decided that the — the most effective machine for the extraction of the juice from the cane is the * nine-roll-mill," which is made up of pem three-roll- mills, so that the cane is pressed six times,and on its passage from one mill to the next it is subjected to “ eine d means of a stream of hot water, which assists in forcing the cane to yield its juice. The rollers of these mills vary in size, but the 5 n r i vids though er mills in use and now being erected have y the National Shredders are used in several factories in front of the mills, and they are ir en to do good work in the prepara- s tion of the cane for the r Clarification of juice Na the Deming apparatus is gradually E extending, and crystallisation in motion is now pede the attention Sa those interested in the introduction of what amo ont the an velties of sugar-maki ` Amongst the advantages claimed for the Deming system by those acquainted with its "ON are, that it economises from | 203 25 to 33 per cent. over the open vienne and secures better results, that it is nearly automatie, one man easily operating all its parts, and that the saving in labour osi exceeds 10 per cent. on a sum twice greater than the total cost of the system. Chemical control in the sugar houses is still somewhat ghee although there are marked indications of a desire on the part of mill managers to have resident chemists to check all losses,” Ceroxylon andicola.—Mr. R. B. White, an old correspondent of Kew, sends the following interesting account of what appears to be a well-marked local variety of this palm :— MR. R. B. WHITE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. Tulua, Department of Cau Republic of Oslomkis; DEAR SIR, December 1st, 1897. I SEND you by parcel post some seeds of what I believe to be an interesting variety of Ceroxi Lt andicola. This palm, as Bas know, is found only in the Cent ndes. = inferior limit s 7,000 ft. with a mean Re of 60°, but it is most abundant at 8 ,000 to 9,000 ft. with a temperature of 55° to 57°. m of which 1 send you s seed is found in the Western Ande s 60 piles south of Cali, in the valley of Cajamarca on the Pacific watershed. It is most abundant at an elevation of 5,500 ft. a mean beh a of 67° to 68°. Good sugar-cane grows alongside of it The flo owers, fruit, hoe are similar to those of C. andicola, but the tree is very distin It has no base of fasciculated rootlets as andicola has, but rin clear feo om the ground. The stem is slighter and not so tall as andicola, and I should say that 150 ft. _ is the average height. The leaves are 20-25 ft. long, but much _ slighter and lighter than andicola, and there is only just sufficient white scale on the underside of the pinnz to give them a whitish colour. Whilst the leaf is not fully formed and hardened the pinne are joined together at the points by a slender thread, as in some Attaleas and iere and I have not noticed this peculiarity in undicola. The wax which coats the stem is as abundant as in andicola, but rien different in composition ; it has an agree- able à when rubbed or burned which the wax of andicola has n it is more brittle, ien would seem to indicate a larger Proportion of resin. I send you a small sample, = if ite nd it to be worth experimen dng upon I can send mor The resinous und fatty matters ought, I think, to be Gitna separately. The fact of this paim growing in a warmer climate ought to make its acclimatisation easier, and it may turn out to be more > le t andicola. I should mention that the farinaceous pulp within the rind covering the seeds is slightly bitter, but the hogs do not mind this and avidly devour the whole ms and fatten well upon it. A palm yields here about 800 1 8. of fruit in two flowerings annually. In other countries it sing only flower once, producing, 204 say, 400 Ibs. Being equal to maize for fattening pigs, these 400 Ibs are worth $3.20, supposing ee to be worth 80 cents per 100 Iba. The hogs pick up the fallen fru The palms may be climbed as i they climb coco palms, and the wax scraped off. Here the 2E s down the palms, and each one yields from 15 to 25 Ibs. of w When mixed with tallow and made into candles the wax of andicola gives a bad smell to the smoke, which I do not think would happen with the wax of the Cajamarca palm It may be that the prehistoric aborigines acclimatised andicola in the Western Cordillera and so produced this v a new pocion, a fair name for it would be Da GIL andicola occidenta I shall Eis to hear what you think = ie palm. n, &c. ( Bigned)- ROBERT B. WHITE. The ion, Royal Gardens, Kew. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, Nos. 155-156.] NOVEMBER and DECEMBER. (1899. DCLXI—JARRAH AND KARRI. THE use of the two ot Australian woods, Jarrah and Karri especially for w ood paving, has agr the subject of several articles in the Kew Bulletin (1890, p 188-190; 1893, pp. 338, 339; 1897, pp. eg age ge Ar 72-75 5). he deman timbers has continuously increased. They are not re aban in the Colony of Western Australia, and the extent of the forests producing them and the consequent available supply are matters of some interest. These points were fully discussed by Mr. J. Ednie-Brown, the Conservator of Forests for the somar (whose death has, unhappily, recently occurred), in his Report upon the Forests Ad —- Australia, The first edition published in 1896 havi exhausted, a second was issued in 1899. As it is not ma ma me in this country, the following accounts of Jarrah and Karri are extracted from it (pp. 10-15). It may be noted that the Timber Museum of the Royal Botanic Gardens (No. III.) contains a magnificent log of Jarrah, weighing nearly five tons, which was shown at the d and Indian Exhibition, It also contains a log of Karri exposed between high and low-water mark in Western Australia for E 49 years, and still in good condition. This is noteworthy, as it will be seen there is some doubt as to its capacity for resisting decay under such conditions. * Within the last three years the Colony, from an indefinite and comparatively little-known market, has bounded into . m = export timber trade with most parts of the world. very large exporters of timber ^ America, India, the Kontinent of Europe, and, of course, to Great Britain ; and there are signs ken before long we shall "rie considerable dealings in this way progressive China an ‘fon nearly all the ma d more particularly in England, there has arisen a wonderful demand for * Australian Hard Woods," which, to a large extent, means those of Jarrah and Karri; and 3857—1375—10/99 Wt44 D&S 29 A 206 as the trees of these kinds are purely endemic to this Colony, it follows that most of the quotations bearing this name refer only to the timbers of Western Australia. This fact is most satisfactory, and points emphatically to the valu ue of our forests, and how necessary it is that they should be properly weet after by systematic conservation in order to ensure their permanency. Our ti s from some cause seem to meet the requirements of e u Australia, apart altogether from the fact of their undoubted excellence, is that large quantities of the same kind of tree can be obtained from considerable areas without any material inter- mixture of other kinds. This fact is, of course, of very great advantage to timber getters, in that it tends to very materially lessen the working expenses of moving machinery, and all the other expenses incurred in rb diti with the securing of large quantities of one particular kind of timber. Our timber trees are chiefly gregarious. This is, fortunately, particularly the case with the two principal kinds, Jarrah and Karri, although, as a rule, the former is always found torming a sort of fringe to the latter, but never the latter to the former. This peculiarity of specially marked habitats for specific trees is a distinctive feature of the forests of Western Australia, and, as I have already indicated, ig one of the points of strength i in the disposal of her timbers Something over one million acres of forest land have now been leased from the Government for the purpose of acquiring the timber upon them. This is chiefly Jarrah country, and embraces some of the finest forests of that pa mee kind of tree. li has been taken up in blocks ranging in Pose one to over one hundred thousand acres, and, althoug x pue mall portion — of the whole is as yet being worked, the probabilities in this — respect in the near future are immense, and will soon reach — fabulous figures. At present there are only some forty saw mills — at full work in our forests, but even in connection with these os following interesting figures have been collected :—Stre power of mills, two er five hundred and fifty-four horse! z power ; number of all persons employed in connection with the working of the mills, two thousand five hundred and eighty ; number of horses and bull res focis ed upon the works, one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven; and length of private tramways and railways on the various properties, two — hundred and fifty miles. Altogether it is calculated that, including — | their families, there is something like one-thirtieth of the popula- deb tion of the Colony dependent upon the timber industry for = d support. This is gradually increasing, so that it will be seen - that forests play a very important part in the welfare of ge E A Department of Woods and Forests has now been pretty well E. id: and its general usefulness as regards the control and 2 management of this enormous natural wealth of the tim | the is begin ized 207 JARRAH. (Eucalyptus marginata, Sm.) This is without ike the principa! timber tree in the Western Australi forests. It is predominant above all others in its extent of forest, the various a to whieh it is or can be applied, the part which it is now taking in the des vod export of the Colony, and the esteem in which it is held in the country. Jarrah and Western Australia are aliod s syHofynichs words, and, as this has been the case from the earliest days of the foundation of the Colony, so it will remain as ne as a Jarrah forest exists. lea emphasise the fact that Jarrah is the mm iis eie timber of this part of the Australian Contin There are other timbers in our forests which are equally. if dd more, pores for peers wn special purposes, but for general constructive works, neces- ee Salnt with soil and water, the timber of this tree Bands foremost. au specific name (marginata) refers to the thickened margin of the leaves, and the vernacular is the name given to the species by the aborigines. In some districts the tree is known to the settlers as the * mahogany gum Taken as a whole, there is ei particularly picturesque about the appearance of a Jarrah tree or general eftect of the species edi masse is dull, sombr d u interesting tothe eye. Except in special spots and localities, ai trees are rugged and decidedly inclined to be straggling and bran nchy. In this respect they differ very materially from the Karri, which is almost invariably a fine straight tree and com- paratively free from branches except at the top. In general colonies as the “stringy-bark.” Its likeness to the species of Eucalyptus so-called is very marked. The bark is persistent, fibrous, and of a dark grey vie although more deeply indented in its longitudinal furrows than a true stringy-bark. It is not uncommon to find considerable areas of Jarrah forest where many of the matured trees attain heights of from 90 feet to 120 feet, with good stems 3 feet to 5 feet in diameter, and 50 feet to 60 ace to the first branch. Such > would be described as first-class Jarrah forest. Taking verage, how ever, of ia fures, I think a Jarrah tree SER a BOUE healthy stamp, and one representing a fair specimen of its kind, would run about 90 feet to 100 feet in height, and from 24 feet to 34 feet in diameter at the base. Under such conditons and in fairly favourable situations, trees of this size might be expected to sound and convertible into good marketable timber without much waste. Of course, in places there are individual trees to be met with the measurements of which run into figures far in excess of those just mentioned, and one or two of these may be cited as indicative of the possibilities of the tree as regards size and wealth of timber. One, about three miles west of the old * Wellington 3857 A 2 208 Mill," upon the * Ferguson River," measured 22 feet in circum- ference at 5 feet up from the ground, and 80 feet to the first ranch. It is a fine, straight, handsome tree, apparently perfectly sound, and would turn out at least 20 loads of good sawn timber. Another large specimen on the * Ferguson " area was 21 feet in circumference at 4 feet from the Deka and 75 feetto the first branch. nd yet another, this time in the “ Ironpot ” area, measured 22 feet in nn at 4 e up, and 60 feet to the first limb. These few insta of the actual measurements of large Jarrah trees will show p Wilke an er size the species will sometimes attain, under what must, of course, be favourable circumstances. As regards the age of the tree siu it has attained a diameter of about 2 feet, or has reached that stage when it may be con- sidered fit for the saw mill, I have gone carefully into this question by having pet cut down and their concentric r rings counted, and have come to the conclusion that in good situations it will attain this size when about 40 or 50 years of age. o far as my observations have extended, the Jarrah is con- fined in its distribution to what is known as the South-western Division of the Colony, and this, I understand, is practically its eographical limits. This district lies along the western coast of the Colony, between latitudes 31 degrees and 35 degrees south, and longitude 115 degrees and 119 degrees east. This means a stretch of country extending nearly 350 miles running north and south, and from 50 to 100 miles east and west, and embraces all that portion of the country upon which the heaviest rains of the season fall, which measure 40 inches in the south and 35 inches in the north. An average of 10 years shows the rainfall of this, the atare . of the Colony, as 38 inches The J s purely a semi-coastal tree, by Which I mean that it is not be as nywhere strictly beyond the influence of the sea, and yet is not at all partial to the direct effects of the rn Perhaps the best forests of the species are found from 20 to 30 miles off the coastal line. Whether this fact is only co- Meus with the heavy rainfall district, and whether, with an equal rain- fall more inland, the result of growth would be equally as good as ye the coast, I am not prepared to say. The principal habitat of the tree is therefore along the table- lands and slopes of the Darling Range, which runs through nearly the whole of the en pex et the best areas of Jarrah lie along that portion of this e from the Blackwood River north to the filia: River, with t the oie portions mid- | way between these two points. In all cases it delights in an ironstone formation, and it would almost appear as though the rougher Se site and the more it is composed of ironstone rocks | ba of almost any other vegetation, the better the tree will grow. ti is certainly beyond a doubt that, under such circum- stances, the timber attains its greatest degree of soundness, strength, and general durability. "There are, it is Mbps some fine belts and patches of Jarrah forest to be found upon many of the lower-lying portions of the district referred to, where the geo- logical formation of these is composed of ironstone, as, for instance, in the country lying between — and ur the timber r is good in every respect. tour 209 It is indeed —— by some and denied by others that the timber grown on the flats is superior in its lasting qualities to that grown on the hills, but = wants further verification before being accepted as a fact. I may, however, state that I have seen ome specimens of the rer ‘which had been cut from trees grown on the flats, which were in an apparently sound condition after having been in the ground and water for over 40 years. It is very noticeable that as soon as a granite formation comes in, the Jarrah forest will fall off to a mere scrub, if it does not disappear altogether. This is a well-known fact to those who have travelled through these forests. The late Baron Sir F. von Mueller, the great and well-known botanist of Victoria, said “the Jarrah is famed for its indestructible wood, which is neither attacked by the borings of the Chelura, Teredo nor Termite.” Its resistance to white ants is remarkable, and houses built of the wood when thoroughly seasoned are almost | and have been known to exist in perfect preservation for nearly 100 years. It gets extremely hard with age, and then becomes almost unworkable, even strong nails for outside works. Should any decay or destruction have occurred in the timber after having been years in use, it will always be found that this is Eee to the sap-wood, which therefore ought en to be avoided in the construction of houses or in other orks of a permanent character. Unfortunately, sufficient atten- Gori is not always paid to the seasoning of the timber, and henc it should be specially d ‘otherwise there will be much warping, buckling, and satisfactory floor altogether; = seasoned before basig laid, howetén a better floor could n exist. The weight of the wood, when a cut, is a little over is Ibs. per cubic foot, which is reduc o 60 Ibs. when thoro ughly seasoned. It is red in colour, pollos well, and is comparatively easily worked. Some of the principal uses to which it is as yet applied are as follows :—wood- Bonie arise jetties, bridges, boat-building, posts, furniture and railway sleepers. It makes the best charcoal of any timber in the eed Its adaptability for all kinds of out-door work is well known, and hence it is considered the staple timber of Western Australia. The ny of is A oan or there are specimens which have been obtained from piles and girders 60 years old. These were driven and used in local har- bours and bridges. When obtained for the department, the timber appeared to be perfectly sound and free from any signs of decay whatever ; if anything, the wood seemed to be harder, more solid, and apparently more durable than fioeti y «ut timber. At all events, it Fr capable of standing wear en r for 100 years 210 into cups, card cases and other articles, and the polish which they have taken on is equal to,if it does not surpass, the finest old mahogany. The records of this timber having lasted in the ground as fence-posts are almost without number, and need not therefore be particularised here. There are instances of railway sleepers which were laid down 18 years ago and still appear as sound as ver. KARRI. (Eucalyptus diversicolor, F. Muell.) This is the giant tree of Western Australia, if not of the whole Aust a ee The latter remark is, however, disputed, but the a on is made without much en of contradiction. It is not en seien MEGA n a8 the Jarrah, owing to the limited field of its — and the, at present, comparative inaccessibility of its haun ate Baron von Mueller was ze first to give this tree its Sack ‘appellation (diversicolor), and this we are told by him nce to the paleness of the leaves upon their lower Sn ee ed Wb eucalypts generally. The common or cular name is the aboriginal designation of the tree. des its young stage it can hardly be beaten as a highly ornamental tree, being regular in its growth, straight and umbrageous, it8 leaves changing in a few years from oval to the long broad ones which mark its more matured condition. "There is no doubt that this is the finest and most graceful tree in the Australian forests. hen mature, and attained to large dimensions, its appearance is grand in the extreme, and in this respect at least puts the Mun far into the shade. The trees are almost always of straight growth, and tower skywards for great heights without having even the semblance of a branch. So marked are they in these respects that they look like a mass of upright candles. The bark ellow-white in appearance, but not persistent like the Jarrah, It therefore peels off in flakes each year, and thus the tree has always a clean bright appearance. In consequence of this it is frequently spoken of as a “white gum,” although generally Aus as the mi an average tree may be put down at 200 feet in height, 4 feet in diameter at 3 to 4 feet from the ground, and about 120 to 150 feet to the vg branch. "Trees of this size are Vendi sound in every respect, and may be expected to turn oui timber free from the usual A y r ot dry rot, gum veins, &c., to which large trees are usually subject. Trees of this size are what one usually meets with in the Karri forests, but much larger specimens are, of course, run against now and a again. For instance, on the Warren River, it is not unusual to meet with trees 300 feet = extreme height, g 180 feet in height to the first limb, and 3 from 20 to ircumference at the base. Of course, these : are exceptional casos, but rures udi 211 The finest tree of this kind which I came across was at Karridale M. C. Davies & Co.) This is called “King Karri,” and the following are some measurements taken in connection with this great specimen : 34 feet in circumference at 3 feet from the ground. 160 feet to the first branch. 14 feet in prac tloenee at the first limb. Over 200 feet in extreme height. From these figures it will be seen that the bole of this tree from the bottom to the first limb contains nearly 6,000 cubic feet of timber. This means a weight of over 40 tons in all; that it would take one of our ordinary mills at least four days to convert it into sawn stuff; and it would form about a quarter i f our present eo timber trade. These figures speak for themselves. I question if there could be found appliances in the Colony at = ones moment to deal with this forest monarc The Karr a very rapid grower and soon attains a great height and considerable dimensions of timber. I had several cut aas with the object of counting the aaie rings in the wood, and of iaki some measurements and observations in regar rd to the e irem generally. The following may be taken as an average of thes A tree on the Ai from Giblet's to the Vasse road was felled. It looked like a sapling in comparison with the surrounding members of the forest. The measurements, however, were :— Height of whole tre we A09 Ib. Height to top of availafte timber... c OUT Thickness of bar 4 in. any 2 2 ft. 7 in. from the ground .. 1 ft. 114 in. Age of tree, judging from the concentric rings, 35 years. Contents of tree, say 175 cubic feet of timber. We thus see that a forest of marketable Karri can be produced in E scs term of from o 40 years. It is certainly a matter of local record that some years ago a a on the “ Warren” lived and partially raised a small family in the hollow of one of these fallen monarchs. It appears that the tree was hollow and a and was afterwards further worked out and lined by the enterprising settler as a dwelling for his family until such time as he was in a position to build the modern edifice which now a not far from the site or remains of the primitive habitation. The old tree was destroyed by a recent bush fire. This specimen was said = be over 300 feet in length some 12 feet in diameter at the I The is strietly confined in its range to ‘the south-western portions of the great South-Western Division of the Colony, or that part lying between Cape Hamelin on the west and the Torbay Estate near Albany on the east. Its nn area lies within longitudes es 115 degrees and 118 degrees east, and ne 34 degrees and 35 degrees south. This part of the untry comprises the more humid portions of the temperate re of 212 Western Australia, where the annual rainfall is from 35 to 40 eim 80 that one en safely say the tree u in plenty of moisture. The region is purely coastal, and is very distinet in its general physica features been anything e is in this way in the Col Here we find i nse forests of trees of straight and Nonderfil vd petiit Lo of a rich soil, Sees and spongy. The country is sufficiently undulating to make it in some parts what may be termed hilly, but not difficult of nee PE by road or iram. In some instances we find the tree fairly close to the sea- coast, but in such cases it is scraggy, stag-horned, and branchy, and therefore not desirable for the saw-mill, or readily convertible into timber for marketable purposes. Still it is, undoubtedly, denial, a coastal tree, but yet shy of actual contact with strong direct sea breezes. In this respect it perhaps also resembles the arrah, if not the Hucalyptus genus genera From aneroid readings, I found that the best Karri forests (that is, as regards size, soundness, and health of individual specimens) to be found at elevations of from 300 to 600 feet above the level of the sea. This I found a fairly correct observation applicable to the whole area. The timber is red in colour, and has very much the appearance of Jarrah ; indeed, so like are the two, that it takes a good judge to distinguish them. It is hard, heavy, elastic, and tough, but cannot be wrought so easily. For underground or water works the timber is certainly inferior to some other kinds, espe to Jarrah ; there can be no doubt about this fact, which has bee ieitimiAAensn dine after‘ time in the Colony. Still, it is only fair to say that instances have been brought under my notice where posts and slabs of the timber = been known to have san at in regard to this tim However, as may be seen tensile, mime and breaking strength, it is a timber of a very high order. We must, therefore, pending other and more general experiments, look upon the Karri timber as one best suited for superstructural works. For bridge pax. "inia spokes, felloes, and large planking of any sort, flooring, general waggon work, beams, it is unequalled in this Colony. In Fe strength it is very much stronger than Jarrah ; and for works requiring the bearing of considerable es such as bridges, eds rafters, beams of various TN it is of great value. In our railway sheds the wood is no uch in use for the ee of TRES. P. all sorts. Tt uiuis laterally, but not to any great degree a longitudinal direction. Altogether the timber is a most uin one. For street blocking it is most valuable, and for this purpose seems to be equal to, if not better than, the not render it so slippery for the horses' feet. this timber is now largely exported for the London street paving. It is also finding a ready sale in South Africa for mining purposes. 213 DCLXIL—MAROMBA VINE DISEASE IN PORTUGAL. The following E relates to a disease which as made its appearance in the North of Port tugal. It is undoubted serious, but it should’ pó possible to keep it in check if Petite attacked :— FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. THE Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs presents his compliments to the Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew, and is directed by the Secretary of State for Fore eign Affairs to transmit = him the accompanying paper respecting the vine disease in ortugal. Foreign Office, July 14, 1899. (Enclosure.) HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY, LISBON, to FOREIGN OFFICE. My Lor Lisbon, July 7, 1899. I NN ‘the honour to report that most disquieting news comes from the vine districts of the North of Portugal in consequence of the ravages of the “ Maromba,” which has appeared in nearly every vineyard of the Douro region. The * Maromba " is a parasitic disease, the course of which was noted some four years ago by Monsieur Alfred Lecocq, when it first made its appearance in Portugal in a mild form As yet no definite remedy has been hit upon to counteract the evil or prevent its extension, but experiments are being actively made in the district, particularly on the estates belonging to the Crown. f the most troublesome features of this disease is that it attacks all classes of vines, including the American, while in some localities it has even affected the chestnut and almond plantations. l endeavour to obtain more detailed information from competent experts. I have, &c., H. G. MACDONELL. The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G., &c. &c., &c. HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY, LISBON, to FOREIGN OFFICE. My Lorp, Lisbon, August 30, 1899. WITH reference to my despatch, No. 30, Commercial, of the 7th ultimo, and to Your Lordship’s despatch, No. 13, Commercial, of the 22nd ultimo, I Ne the honour to report that the Director of the Portuguese Boyal Association of Agriculture has been 214 able to procure some specimens illustrating the vine disease * Mar ouia " that has been prevalent in the Douro district for some tim These specimens have been forwarded to-day by the steamship “Arab” to Southampton, to be transmitted direct to Kew Gardens, and I have informed the Director of their despatch. any experiments have recently been made in this country in the hope of discovering a remedy for this disease. The most successful appears to be the use of sulphate of copper, sulphur, and lime, for powdering the vines, but there is great uncertainty as to the best method of treatment. Should, therefore, Fes scs reach Kew Gardens in good condition, it is hoped the Curators will be able to make some experiments, as their pido on the disease would, I am sure, be greatly valued by the Portuguese Agricultural Society. I have, &oc., H. G. MACDONELL. The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G., e., &c., &c. REPORT. he living vine, forwarded to Kew for investigation, arrived in esta Mgr and enabled a thorough nn exami- nation, also cultures from various parts to be undertake The result of moli examination proves conclusively ‘that the disease is caused by a parasitic fungus, which in the first instance attacks the younger root branches, extendin pes thence into the thicker branches, and finally attacking the collar of the stem. The mycelium first appears in the vessels of the root, which not unfrequently become filled with a dense weft of slender colour- less hyphae. From thence the mycelium extends to the adjacent tissues, eis the cells and causing a brown colouration of the attacked parts. The contents of cells attacked by the mycia assume a Vides form, being at first nee. finally clear brown. These spheres become ruby red when treated with an alcoholic rient of alkannin, and blackish brown wid a one per cent. solution — acid, thus proving the oleaginous nature of their se Portions of the. vet placed in a damp chamber soon became covered with white cottony mycelium, which gradually changed to a brown colour and pussed into slender cord-like strands or op Numerous fasciculate conidiophores bearing very minu ute — ees conidia were also Circe from blackish micro- rotia immersed in the bark of the root. "The kicker form of fruit has not been observed, as this is pro- duced only on old and very a decayed portions of diseased th i Lee hence the name of ungus cannot be given with - nevertheless the general habit and morphology of the | facis BÀ its location in the root, the a of radiati action = cvs — and tis — eoi er 215 not identical with, Rosellinia necatrix phora necatrix, Hartig), a parasitic fungus too well known ^ the cause of a root disease in German and French vineyards. indicate that the fungus under consideration is closely allied to, if d (Demato- Rosellinia necatrix possesses the power, periph to the Maromba fungus, of attacking the roots of almost every kind of plant with which its mycelium comes into sone and, when of the underground rhizomorphs, which radiate in all directions in the soil from each root that is attacked. Preventive measures.—Carbon bisulphide has proved to be a most effective remedy in preventing the spread of subterranean mycelium. Holes are made in the soil about 1 ft. deep, 1 it. distant from the stem of the vine, and 2 ft. apart laterally ; half an ounce of carbon bisulphide is poured into each hole and closed immediately with the foot. The holes are made with an iron rod. This PEOATEGIA in da ae is the most effective agent known e dis isolated by means of a trench bont 1 ft. wide aud 9i . deep. Carbon bisulphide e might be used at intervals as feito ‘above, on the presumed uninfected side of the trench, as a preventive to the extension of mycelium that may not have been included by the trench. Weeds should not be allowed to remain, as their roots supply the fungus with food and aid the extension of its mycelium in the 80 = ased vines, cue other arcus should be promptly removed and peer if allowed to remain and decay in situ, preventive measures are practically of no eis as mycelium and conidia are being oe produced and diffused from such centres of infect Finally good drainage is of p importance ; the under- ground mycelium extending most rapidl ly and provi ng mos deiner when stagnant water is pues in the soil. G. M. The following peace gives additional information on the subject of root-dis Root Diseases caused by Fungi. Kew Bulletin, 1896, pp. 1-5, pi. x P. Viala, ne du pourridié des Vignes, &c. G. Masson, Boulevard Saint-Germain, 120, Pori J. Dufour, Dema iophðtá necatrix. Chron. Agr. Cant. Vaud., 12 (1899), No. 4, pp. 87-90. . Massee, A Text-book of Plant Diseases. Duckworth & Co., "London, 1899. 216 DCLXIIL—CHINESE PRINTING BLOCKS. The Re of Chinese printing blocks has for some rn time — M attention of this establishment, the useums hav cently Penner possessed of =. examples through the E of Mr. W. R. Carles, Her Majesty's Conse at Foochow, it has been thought of sufficient interest to review the question in the Bulletin of the Royal Gardens, and hopes are entertained that specimens of all the woods and blocks prepared therefrom for this industry, together with dried specimens of the plants to cde aa determine their botanical origin, may be forwarded to Kew Application was first made to the Foreign Office early in April, 1884, for imeem f blocks prepared from the wood of the well- known Tallow-tree eram ibia Roxb.), which was supposed to be used for that purpose, and though the matter was kindly taken up by Mr. Baber, then Chinese Secretary of Her Majesty’s Legation at Peking, who issued a memorandum for circulation amongst various of Her Majesty’s Case in China, no specimens came to hand; later, Dr. A. Henry, to whom the Royal Gardens have become indebt ed for many interesting and unique donations, drew further attention to the subject in his * Notes on the Economie Botany of China," p. 9, under the heading of “ Queries from w." Such in brief i is the record of an interesting economie subject of — full particulars are detailed in the following correspondence : EXTRACT from letter from Royal Gardens, Kew, to Foreign Office, dated April 2nd, 1884. “ The wood of the well-known Tallow-tree (Sapium sebiferum, Roxb. Stillingia sebifera, Michx.) is one of those sai b used by the Chinese y printing blocks, and Sir J. D. Hooker would be ata if one of Her Majesty's Consular Officers in China could procure specimens of such blocks for the Kew Museum. He would also like w procure printing blocks in which any other kinds of wood have been used if only the nature of these can be authentically determined. * Sir J ooker has no means of indicating in what parts of China application for these specimens might be most conveniently ad has no doubt that Mr. Baber would assist with his advice as he so kindly did in the case of the enquiries which Earl Granville was Looney to direct should be made in the case of Chinese White Wax FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. April 24th, 1884. son letter of the 2nd instant upon the subject of ihe woods used in China for printing blocks was referred to Mr. E. C. Baber for his observations and oe a xm I am now directed by Earl Granville to transmit mpanying draft instruc- tions to certain of Her Malco 8 er in China which has been — drawn up by that em vs 217 I am to request that you will lay this draft before Sir J. Hooker and move him to inform Lord Granville whether it meets with his concurrence. I am, &c., (Signed) PHILIP W. CURRIE. Copy OF INSTRUCTIONS addressed to Her Majesty’s Consuls at Canton, Kiungchow, Fuchow, Tamsui, Shanghai, Hankow, Chungkiang, and Tientsin. SIR, THE Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew being kya of obtaining some accurate information in regard to the ods used in China for printing blocks, I am directed by Karl east te request that you will furnish his Lor ordship with such information on the subject as you may be able to obtain in your Consular District aud will forward specimens of blocks for examination. The wood of the well-known Tallow-tree Sapium Vei b ) Chines urp to secure the latter object, it would be well to obtain, siad possible, dried specimens of the trees themselves € grs the woods, and I am to instruct you to do this where you A copy of printed instructions issued by Kew Ataona for the guidance of collectors is transmitted herewith for your u I have, &c., . (Signed) E. C. BABER, EXTRACT from letter from W. R. Carles, Esq. to Royal ardens, Kew, dated Her Majesty’s Consulate, Hankow, February 15, 1896 :— Dr. Henry, in his “ Notes on the Economic Botany of China,” refers to your wish to obtain specimens of the woods used in China for printing blocks. The name which the neighbouring city of Wuchang enjoys for the excellence of its printing work has led me to inquire into the woods used there, and I am sending you specimens of them by parcel post. The wood which is considered the best is the teng li mu, which has been identified as the P; dier betule folia, Bunge., and which grows in this Province. = abs of this wood 1 ft. x 6 ins. x 13 in. A ral the tu chung mu. Eucommia a Oliv., has been deter- mined to be md tu chung mu. The tu chung here gadet is a native of this Province A wood u "i in Kiangsu is the yin hsing mu, which is one of the names of the Salisburia adiantifolia. Boxwood, huang yang mu, is obtained from Szechuen , but s in small pieces, which are mainly used for cutting the mps used for private seals on letters ait documents, 218 In the third pee of the Japanese work, the “So Moku Sei Fu," a drawing is given of the huang yang, together with a gnotation fon the Chinese aA Medica, which speaks of the tree as growing an inch a year, except in these years which have an intercalary moon, when it grows backwards, From this it would appear to be a slow growing tree. W. R. CARLES, ESQ., to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, dated Her E Majesty's Consulate, eee July 25t h, 1896. DEAR MR. THISELTON-DY I AM glad to learn cess your Marian of the 12th May, that the specimens of woods which I sent to you were of interest I am sending you by post some een dios of the two w oods (Pyrus and Eucommia), and a little stamp in box-woo The blocks have been given me by the Agent of the National Bible Society of Scotland. I think that the block for an illustra- tion of an engine gives a very good idea of the usefulness of the wood. If you would like to have these seen further supple- Joi; I shall be very glad to do what rs, &c., (Signed) W., R. CARLES. W. R. CARLES, ESQ., to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, dated Her Britannic Majesty’s Consulate, Foochow, July Lith, 1897. DEAR MR. THISELTON-DYER sendi ing you by post another small parcel of woods used n printers' blocks. 'T'wo of them came from Chinkiang, and are, I believe, from a species of Euonymus and Zizyphus vu The others are from this ipe and judging from their names are species of Pyrus. Later on I hope to be able to procure specimens of the flower and leaf of these two, 2 the others, I am afraid, I have no chance of determining Yours, &c., W. R. CARLES. The EA TET referred to in Mr. Carles’ letter, dated Hankow, February 15th, 1896, and received at Kew on April 8th folios consisted of sections of the woods of T'eng li mu ( AM Home A Tu chung shu (Hucommia wlmoides, Oliv) and aetas ang mu or Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens, Linn.) ey 8 ee mens received from Mr. Carles, September 95th, E 1896, and described in his letter dated Hankow, July 25th, con- ther specimen of the wood of Teng li mu (Pyrus hetulesfolia, Bunge), together with two engraved blocks of the same wood under the name of Huang li, also an engraved block of Eucommia ulmoides sent as Tu chung, and a small engraved of Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens, Linn.) "The blocks accompanying Mr. Carles’ letter, dated Foochow, July llth last, and received at Kew, August 20th, were pors :—Two blocks of a species of Suess e from Chinkiang, for engraying and the other ieh ready for use, — 219 also a small block of Zizyphus vulgaris, ed the same locality, and two other engraved blocks from Fukien, namely, huang li or Red Pear, which is probably Purus betulefolia, and pai li or White Pear, which so far cannot be identified. It is improbable that it is furnished by a ws of Pyr » and may, perhaps, be furnished by a species of Tilia. With the exception of the small Non, seal, it is interesting to note that all the other examples ved or prepared for engraving either on the tangential a Sd pides of the wood. With European engravers ex transverse surface is always the one engraved. The Museum contains several Indian stamps. or designs for printing cotton Er each of which is cut on the transverse surface. None of the Chinese blocks seem to be of specially selected wood, a excepting perhaps the Boxwood, to be adapted for fine engraving. he Chinese word mu Ne wood: shu means tree. The tu chung determined by Professor Oliver to be Hucommia ulmoides is a native of mountainous distriets in Hupeh and Szechuan. Th same name is applied apparently to a tree of the plains which is anaes gore! a Euonymus. It is very improbable that the ood of Eucommia is used for printing blocks at all: the identification i is probably a gos E from the name tu chung being applied to two different tr The engraved block sent by of Euonymus. It is possibly identical with pai ch’a used largely at Ningpo for carving (see Kew Report, 1878, pp. 41, 42), which is now identified with Euonymus hamiltonianus, Wa U. 1i possible also that the wood supposed to belong to Sapium sebi- ferum is the same thing. DCLXIV.—LUNGAN PULP. Mr. Consul nnd in his Report on the Trade of Tainan, Formosa, for the year 1896 [ Foreign Office Report, Annual Series, No. 2,021] draws attention to this substance in the following words :—* per is the fruit popularly known as the * dragon's “eye.” It is prepared in the form of a pulp by E and “ stoning de fruit and una and baking it,and is u he * Chinese as tea.” Specimens of the fruit of the qu n or Longan (Nephelium Angan Cambess.) were already in the meer collection, but the fruit pulp prepared in the way Tainan prepared pulp. This was accordingly done, specimens being received on September 9th, 1898, from Mr. Ernest A. Griffiths, Acting Consul, Tainan, together with a memorandum on the subject by the Rev. William Racial, F.R.G.S., Presbyterian M at Tainan, written at the request of Mr. Griffiths, and which the following notes are gathered : — u dried Lung-ngan or Geng-Geng, which is largely exported from An-péng, the port of Tainan, is described as the longan fruit (Nephelium Longana). On page 105 of Douglas’ Amoy-Vernacular 220 Dictionary, góng-géne is described as the dragon’s eye or lun ngan fruit, geng-a-koa being the dried lung-ngan (Mandarin e of characters, as geng-geng is the local with us in Formosa), which is the article of export Natives state that the “lichi ” (Nephelium Litchi, zz is not very common in Formosa. It is larger than the lung-ngan or géng-géng, has a thinner and much rahi alas husk, and contains more edible matter The country of Kagi is a region where much of the géng-géng yearly production is prepared for exportation. he work of first heating the fruit so as to cause the soft part inside © shrink, of peeling the husk, and then of dryi pud a abstracted soft part over a slow fire, is carried on chiefly by w and girls, who earn each about 60 or 80 cash (6-8 cents) a a besides getting the husks and hard inner nut for use as fuel, The work usually begins about the middle of the eighth month Lungan pulp consists of the fleshy arillus which surrounds the seed ; it is of a black colour and leathery consistency, and has a sweetish smoky flavour and is of an uninviting appearance. DCLXV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. MR. HAROLD MAXWELL LEFROY, B.A., of King's College, Cambridge, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Economic | ores ul in connection with the Agricultural Department, West Indies. His services will be generally available for the Shae Indian VA apo and his headquarters will be a t Barbados. ook First Class Honours in the Natural Sciences Tripos i in 1398. Mr. WILLIAM R. BUTTENSHAW, M.A., B.Sc., Aberdeen, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the ‘Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Agriculture for Jamaica. hes as an of Agrieulture of the University of Aberdeen three years ago, and Mr. Buttenshaw was the first zed adent o iti the B.Sc. degree in it. Mr. F. A. LODGE, a Deputy herren in the Madras Forest Department, has been selected by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, with the sanction of the Spar of State for India, to — = Trinidad and furnish a full report and recommendations . on the qun s of forest conservancy. fap ee M 221 Mn. THOMAS WILLIAM BROWN, formerly a we pure: of the Gardening Staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens and late Acting Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, Gold Coast t (Kow Bulletin, 1899, p. 50), has been ipone Assistant Curato MR. BERNARD | ÜAVANAGH) a member of the ey Staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed, on the recom- mendation of Kew , Superintendent of the Gardens of the Agri- Juke o geen Society, Madras, in succession to Mr. J. M. Gleeson, d. . awarded the Wacken, old Medal of the Dal eni of | i y! PROFESSOR FRANCIS GUTHRIE, LL.B., B.A.—The death of this distinguished South African ep e science, on October 19 last, at Cape Town, deserves a brief r University. He was called to the Bar and lon eee okay mee In 1861 he was appointed to the Chair of Mithesnaticn n Graaf-Reinet College, which he resigned in 1876 for a similar Chair i in the South African College. He retired in 1898. A pupil of the celebrated Lindley, he devoted himself to the study of the flora of his adopted country. He had latterly been engaged with the well-known South African botanist, Harry Bolus, in an elaboration of the Ericacee for the fourth volume of the Flora Capensis, of which the continuation is now in course of preparation at Kew Sir Rawson WILLIAM Rawson, K.C.M.G., C.B.—Sir Rawson Rawson, who died on November 50, 1899, at the age of 88, was one of the many Colonial Governors who have done good service to Kew and botanical science. He was, perhaps, eminent as a statistician and geographer than a botanist, bar a was joint author, with Dr. L. Pappe, of a Synopsis Filicum Africe Australis, published at Cape Town in 1858. He had, before pro- ceeding to South Africa, made a study of ferns. Sir R. Rawson i ta years later Governor of the Bahamas, and subsequently of the Windward Islands, retiring in 1869. During his residence at the ape he was in frequent correspondence with the late Sir ee Hooker, chiefly on questions relating to the ferns of that Colony (of which he sent specimens to Kew), but also with a tin to contributions of museum objects, living plants, and seeds. 3857 B 222 Perhaps his greatest per vice was the share he took in promoting the Flora Capensis of Harvey and Sonder. This is dor E by Professor Harvey in us nf to the third volum “Nor can the authors close this preface without a tribui of gratitude to Rawson W. Rawson, Esq., late Colonial Secretary and now Governor of the Bahamas. To the active interest which from the first Mr. Rawson took in their undertaking, and to his powerful advocacy in the Colonial Parliament, are greatly due the very existence of the Flora. Nor was his assistance limited to the greater acts of patronage which became his station, but ex e cs the smallest details, ens as the forwarding of parcels, &c. : every detail and on every occasion he was estere kind Mec considerate." Sir Rawson Rawson is commemorated in systematic botany by Rawsonia, a genus of Bixacee. Botanical Magazine for October. ae hildebrandiana is — a magnificent species from the Shan Hills and Munnepore, having been discovered in the latter locality by De George Watt in 1882. It has also been met with in Dr. A. Henry’s recent collections from Yunnan. It am flowered in the British Islands in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, but the drawing was made fea a plant which De ed at Kew and which was raised from E sent 4 A. H. Hildebrand, Es 5q., C.I.E., in 1894. Kalanchoe are bright yellow, arrange a dense erect Han panicle. zn interesting Stylidium be BU was lag from seeds to Kew m South-western Australia by Quartermaster- Servain B. T. Goadby, of the West Au M. Engineers It is distinguished by long radical leaves and an inflorescence, some- times 2 ft. long, of rose-coloured flowers. Berlandiera tomentosa, a pretty Composite from the Southern United States, was also raised from seeds, these having been received from the Rev. L. H. wu of Jacksonville, Florid da. Its flower-heads are 14 to ins. in diameter; the ray florets broad, and deep yellow. Rhododendron dilatatum, a Japanese species, is very closely allied to R. rhombicum. The Kew plant was procured from the d Yokohama Gardeners’ Association. Botanical Magazine for November.—Cyphomandra betacea commonly called the Tree Tomato, is a native of New Grenada — — and Peru, while as a cultivated plant valued for its edible fruit it — is met with in various tropical and sub-tropical countries. P. been included in the Kew collection probably from the ker of its introduction into England in 1808, and a fine specim in the Temperate House now produces an abundant crop ‘of Ee —— fruits, Carludovica laucheana, also a native Ob 223 New Grenada, was distributed as Salmia laucheana by its | Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. Albans, from whom the Kew plant was received. Its spadix has a curious appearance, due to the enn. white, filiform staminodes, four of which are present in each of the numerous female flowers. Hidalgoa meter chiefly differs from the only two species hitherto known in the more compound leaves. In its climbing habit and brilliantly coloured flowers, it- resembles some Mut tisias; but it is really closely allied to Dahlia. Kew received the plant fig n Lewis Childs, of: New York, who recently introduced it pe cultivation from Costa Rica. Begoni discovered by enry in Yunnan. It is a new species and is remarkable in being the only known representative of the genus in the Old World with palmatipartite leaves. - Rhödodendro modestum is an exceedingly pretty new-species from the Sikkim Himalaya. It appeared at Kew amongst some young. plants, raised from seed received from Calcutta as R. pendulum; but it is quite non reati from that species, a is probably nearest allied to: R. barbatum - New Works.—During the past year the important although not showy task of putting the working departments of the establish- ment into efficient order has been vigorously prosecuted b vas taken in the preceding year, and the results were recorded in the Kew Bulletin (1898, pp. 338, 339). The following is a list of what has since been accomplished :— I. Melon Ground.—This derives its name from its former use when the frame ground of the Royal. Kitchen Garden, which was abandoned by Her pape: in 1846 and annexed to the. Royal Botanic Garden. It i w the principal propagating depart- ment. No. XVIII, +5 boy entirely rebuilt on the present Kew system of steel and wood Venere It was originally a Peach House, and a section of it is figured in Philippar’s Voyage Agronomique en ds lee (1830, ib. xvi., ide 2, p. 141). The lean-to roof has now been converted into a three-quarter span. Although FOR dilapidated, much of the massive timber used in its construction was still perfectly sound. Some cf the Memel Pine (yellow deal) was still perfectly sound, although it had probably been in position eet less than a century. pine of this kind and of great age is not now procurable. tan house is divided into three compartments: one serves hospital for restoring to health stove plants out of condition ; vb other two are forcing houses for supplying the Conservatory No.I Besides this the Mess-room and Tool-sheds used by the labourers bos: in the northern part of the establishment have been moved from the back of Museum No. III.,a position € remote he the working centre for economy of labour A commodious office for the Gera of the decorative department | ite been erected. Minorappliances are an unheated span frame (84 feet long), a dil he artificial manures, another for trucks and barrows, and bins for different kinds of soi 3857 B2 224 II. Works’ Depót.—This has been removed from its incon- venient and contracted position on the south side of Kew Green adjoining Cambridge Cottage to the side of Kew Palace. Com- modious workshops have been provided partly by the conversion of existing Seide peu aa! belonging to the Palace, partly by the erection of new o 311. Mas niin Yard.—This has been re-arranged. new entrance has been made, and a proper equipment of bins for soil, a water-tank, de have been provided. IV. e nen n Yard.— A new north frame for alpines, 140 feet long, has been provided to take the place of others which were pendia dilapidated. V. South Nursery.—Two new pits have been provided :—o single and 48 feet long; the other a span, 67 feet long, ue AL Water Supply.—The severe effect on Kew of the recent series of dry sammers was described in the Kew Bulletin for 1897 (pp. — It has been found necessary to even further extend the system of service- inet for distributing water through- Sak the establish ent. Further additions have in consequence been made, more gener ally in the Herbaceous Ground, the obs Dell, and the Arboretum In order to reinforce the power at the umping station, a new high-pressure boiler has been fitted in the engine-house. VII. The ll Houses (Nos. XI. and XII.) which were erected i in Sos e been re-constructed on the mixed steel and res n nciple. "The roofs have also been furnished with a antern Cydonia sinensis.—This quince D. AE figured and fully described by A. Thouin (Anna Tes Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, xix. p. rd 8 et 9) in 1812, from trees cultivated in the Jardin des Pianta According to Thouin, this tree was introduced from China into England and Holland at some time during the last decade of the ee: ‚century, and the individuals cultivated in Paris were obtained by seeds, produced in the Mee of London; but he only figures a flowering specimen. He describes it as a handsome, hardy, small tree, but goes on to say that it is damaged by spring. [ro frosts. Don and Loudon (1832 and 1838) seem to have had no personal knowledge of this species of Cydonia ; me latter merely | copying the description of the former. When it disappeareo = from English gardens, if it has done so Peine is uncertain ; 225 but it must be long since it was in en at Kew. On vr Continent, and especially in the Mediterranean region, it ap to have held its own from Thouin's dine down to the dern day ; and specimens of the fruit brought by the Director from the garden of Commendatore Hanbury at La Mortola, near Mee e. Age the fact that the quince long cultivated at Kew under the me d ydonia sinensis is not the true plant, which is Tn sed by having darti age? leaves furnished with pari teeth and glandular hairs on the petioles, and a cylindric fruit, 5 > ‘ ee in length, Besides the original figure, cited abov re is one in Duhamel's Traité des Arbres et Ar Mite: vi. 3 n 75 (1808-1835) ; another in the Herbier Général de l' Amateur, ii., t. 99 (1817), and a third i = the sete aa hei (ues p. 228, In the last both flowers and fruit ar colou there stated that the climate of Paris is rarely Bein * bs the fruit to maturity ; it is not surprising, therefore, that it has disappeared from the neighbourhood of London. When compiling the Enumeration of Chinese Plants (Journal of the Linnean Society, xxiii., p. 256) in 1887, with very imperfect material before us, we took it for granted that the plant cultivated at Kew was a variety o of Cydonia sinensis, although, as there noted, it had much narrower, less hairy leaves than jm originally described and cultivated. Following Bentham Genera Plantarum, Cydonia was reduced o yrus, and C. sinensis was named Pi yrus ne Hemsl., because the names sinensis and chinensis had been applied to at least three or four species of Pyrus proper. On thé whole it seems better, in accordance with the views of many conte emporary botanists, to yc restore Cydonia to generic rank, and the species under considera- tion is then correctly designated Cydonia sinensis, iwi (syn. rus sinensis, Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl., iv., p. 452, non Lindl. nec Auct. alior. Bike: ; and Pyrus ca cathayensis, Hone: loc. cit. pro parte). Thouin, ande his original description, cites the names Pyrus sinensis, Mus. Par. and P. Cydonia sinensis, Wiegers, as synonyms. The plant cultivated at Kew under the erroneous name of C. sinensis may be called C. cathayensis, Hemsl. Dr. A. Henry has sent den of the same species direct from China, and a figure and description of it will appear in Hooker’s Icones Plantarum, Re 2,657 and 2,658. W. B. H, Oxalis esculenta.—Under this name there appeared in JD». Neubert's wa te tede 1898, 196, a figure of the tubers of an Oxalis which was recommended for ‘cultivation in lands which had become no longer eer for potato-growing. A quantity was rebate: - grown in the open ground at Kew ; the species proved t old and well-known garden perg viz., O tetra- ras Deed (0. Deppei, Schlecht.), a native of Mex e tubers should be planted in spring, from 3 to 5 uaa pi kai nup in November and stored in dry sand in a cool ..226 place free from frost. They should be cooked in salt water and served with melted butter and cream. The writer in the publi- cation above quoted says they are ** as good as artichokes.” . . Wissadula rostrata—This is a malvaceous acuta ap. mative, originally, of the West Indies and South America, and occurrin also in Tropical mh G (perhaps nebat A and naturis in India. Roxburgh (Flora indica) says :—“ the bark. of this abounds in serviceable flaxen fibres, and .as it gate quic. into long single twigs, particularly if cut near the earth, it an for procuring the fibre of a good length for a factories.” Under the zarpar kisera name of Abutilon per ee it has been. made the of experiment by Mr. Hart, the Super- intendent of the Royal. Botanic Gardens, Trinidad. Tis following correspondence gives the resu SUPERINTENDENT, Royal. Botanic Sanden Trinidad,. to ROYAL GARDENS, Kew Botanical Department, Trinidad, October 10, 1899. AMONG our experiments is one made with Abutilon peri- fiiium: to determine if possible whether it can be profitably ; ‘bre plant. . I send a case of specimens, part of which I should be acr if you would utilise for your Museums, and part I should be glad = ds would submit to some of your friends for Mpeg both rippings and when retted. Two stems are sent to show re straight they grow, and how easily the. stripping can be performed. Seed sown March 15th, 1899, ue cut April 28, 1899. eld per acre, raw strippings, dried (as sent), 1,089. ions. Yield per acre of clean. bast fibre, 9} Cleaned material retted four days, then scraped and dried. Clean material, 42 per.cent. of raw. strippings. fn ees - Iam, &c., : Te (Signed) J. H. HART. ‘The- Director, Royal Gardens, Kew... .. Messrs. IDE AND CHRISTIE to ROYAL GARDENS, Kew. 72, Mark Lane, London, E.C., November ‚8, 1899. REPORT, Wr have. examined the undernoted a and find a as follows = p 3 -Abutilon periplocifolium from Trinidad 3 `: - POR EAT Sume. cs in ui qu ded P ad EE RA peat Mae ene MEME LEM Ur V patna. SE A. 227 Fibre from above :—Length very good ; colour good, white ; strength poor ; ae imperfect ; similar to China Jute but softer ; value per ton, £15 16s. Will sell fairly well. Suggest trial 50 tons Be (Signed) IDE & CHRISTIE, Brokers. Musa Ensete.—James Bruce's kp in 1768 to Aida to discover the sources of ne Nile, led to the discovery of a f remarkable plants, of which ie gave exceedingly end figures, though he décitted to accept the views of his botanical friends on their affinities. Among them was Musa Ensete, whic describes under the name now adopted as specific (and subsequent hu as Ansett), and adds: “Some who have seen my drawing o s plant, and at the same time found the banana in many udis “of the East, have thought the Ensete to be a species of Musa. apa how yore I imagine, is without any sort of reason,” In 1852, and again in 1853, Mr. Walter Plowden, then H.B.M. Consul ne inen atit plants of this Musa to Kew, but they r Botanical Magazine for January, 1861 (tt. 5223-5224). In five years, in one case, in ee in three, these plants attained a height of nearly 40 feet to the summit of the fo liage ; the blades of the leaves es 17 to 18 feet long. From the description in the Botanical Ewa it would appear gar ripe fruit and perfect seeds were produced at Kew; but it more probable that that part of the doner pega was made From the material supplied by Mr. Plowden. At all events the fruit is very little known in this country, and it is also a d and described in the monograph of the genus. Indee we w of no illustration of a fully developed ee and Hany all the published figures of the habit and flowers have been copied from the Botanical Magazine. But what gave rise to this note was an application to Kew from several persons for the name of the fruit of a Musa cultivated in the Azores. Only and certainty. Subsequently, Mr. J. B. Thomas, of le rg sent an entire cluster of fruit, from the ‚same sour is i teet 6 inches in circumference, borne on a pedun mid about 6 inches in diameter. The weight, after ee a fortnight in a very dry chamber, was 20 pounds. The largest of ihe udi lom fruits were 3 inches long, and nearly an inch and alf i diameter in the thickest part. Very few of them Saai ne seeds ; the total number in the cluster being between 500 and pericarp is not coriaceous, as it has sometimes been described, but tender, soft, watery and tasteless, and in colour and d by Bruce himself. It is quite uneatable (see H. H. Johnston, aja Exped., p.332). On the other hand, it may be mentioned, the interior or 228 axis of the plant, before the flowering period, is one of the best of all vegetables, and is, or was, an important article of food in Abyssinia. A figure of Mr. Thomas’s specimen was given in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1900 (xxvii., p. 69, fig. 22). but the summit of which till late years had remained emen 1842. Since then various travellers have been there; some for scientific sitio es; others for the commercial exploration of its singular and varied natural productions. In 1884 another explor- ing expedition, in which Everard im Thurn, Esq., C.M.G., took part, spent some time in investigating the botany and zoology of this remarkable sandstone monument, which he was the first to ascend; and the botanical results were published by Prof. D. Oliver in zen T'ransactions of the Linnean Society, Botany 2nd series, ii., pp. 249-300, tt. 37-56. i this Auer three new genera and upward 8 of 50 new species are described. It was hardly to be expected "that UE ie Beten man should T so fruitful in novelties ; yet Messrs. F. V. Mc Connell and J J. Quelch, who were there in 1894 akd 1898, brought home a collection of dried plants hardly less rich in novelties, which are now being worked out at Kew, and will be published in the Transactions of the Enan Soviets y, illustrated at the expense of Mr. Mc Connell. This compact little collection consists of about 360 species, in- cluding one new genus of Composi ie ous 70 new species. Among the most interesting are new species of the genera Pass iflora, idymopanax, Sciadophyllum, Didymochiamys, Heterothalamus, Stiff tia, pucri and Lisianthus The Flora of St. Vincent, West Indies. —In the Bulletin for ale, who was a A of the late Sir William Hooker. It is supposed that he was born in St. Vincent, and from a letter in the Kew correspondence, written by his brother John, it appears that he died in Bermuda on the 22nd of October, 1831, E the early age of 33. He was evidently an ardent naturalist and a skilful draughtsman and colourist. A number ‘of his kawa were reproduced by Sir William Hooker in the . Botanical Magazine and other publications. Noteworthy among- them are the admirable figures of the Bread fruit n Mag» 229 tt. 2869-2871). Another may be mentoned, namely, Guildingia psidioides (Hooker’s Bot. Miscel., i., p. 122, t. 30), now reduced to Mouriria. L. Guilding was also the author of a number of papers on various brano es of natural history, and he had collected i P and made drawings with the intention of publishing a Fauna of St. Vincent. Indeed, from the corre- Bpondetios preserved at Kew, he must have made very extensive collections, which his widow 'subsequently broaght to London for disposal. His brother, in the letter referred to above, states that he valued his museum at £10,000. So far as we know, the whole of his collection of dried plants was acquired by Sir William Hooker, and they now form part of the Kew Herbarium. After the lapse of 70 years, two large volumes of his botanical drawings have come to light, and have been purchased from a grandson, and presented to Kew by the Bentham Trustees. They ead pud of economic plants, including a number of varieties of read- fruit, and are Varas pese There are also among ihem the original dra of vie the Botanic Garden of in St. Vincent, which served: o illastrato lindo) Guilding's guide to the garden The New Territorial ee in the Pacific.—Consequent on the agreement betwee = Governments of the United States of North America, of bun any, and of England, there are some important changes in the respective spheres of influence in the Pacific. England renounces all claims on the Samoan or Navigators' Islands, and, in exchange, has obtained roit rights over the Tonga or Sao! Islands, and two additional islands, Choiseul and Ysa of the Solomon grou id „Dr: F. Reinecke e sce Mr. WO B. Hemsley in a Flora of the Samoan Islands ur ict Botanische Jahrbücher, xxiii., pp. 237- 368, and xxv., pp. 578-708), the latter being engaged on the same subject when the irae part of Dr. Reinecke’s work appeared. From comparisons made, Kew probably possesses a number of plants not included by Dr. Reinecke; on the other hand, his enumeration contains some evidently not ee in the Kew Erin ginn Kew collections from the Samoan group, were, to a large extent, made some 20 years ago by the Rev. Thos. Por s Shore excellent specimens are accompanied by copious notes. Tt is unfortunate that the general work of the Herbarium prevented the earlier elaboration of the results of his exertions. However, e are few plants peculiar to this group of Islands. The same may be said of the Tonga group; an account of the Flora of which, i Mr. W. B. Hemsley, will be found in the Journal of the Linnean ag Y, xxx. (1894), pp. 158-217. Shortly after this paper in print, Kew purchased a collection of plants made in ie pee of Vavau by C. S. Crosby, Esq. M.A., Cantab. This has been partially elaborated by Mr. I. H. Burkill; but — pressing work enumeration contains 290 species o: — | indigenous vascular e isl Mr. "Crosby ’s collection adds a dede number of species undoubtedly. indigenous to the Friendly Islands, and at least 230 half-a-dozen that have been regarded as previously undescribed. Widely different is the Flora of the Solomon Islands, which is rich in singular endemic species, and also contains some of the specially pm em iypes only known to exist elsewhere in such distant parts as the Society Islands. For what is known of this interesting Flora, Kew is principally indebted to H. B. Guppy, Esq., M.B.. author of The Solomon Islands and their Natives, in which work will be found, pp. 280-307, an interesting account of the vegetation and veget etable products, and a izl furnished by Kew, of the plants collected by the author, Sin thet date (1887), many interesting additions have eh made x the flora by some of the officers, Lieutenants B. T. Somerville and S. Weigall, of H.M.S. * Penguin," and the Rev. R. B. Comins, who, in spite of arduous missionary Faller has made many noteworthy botanical discoveries. ome of the principal novelties will be found described in the Bulletin, 1894, pp. 211-215 ; 1895, pp. Ded in the Journal of the Li innean Sociely, XiX., pp. 293 3-297 ; pp. 163-165, and 211-217; in the An nals of Boki E pp. 501-508, and vi., pp. 203-210, and the Journal of the Linnean Society, xxxii., pp. 419—489. Most of the articles are illustrated. Jamaiea Botanical Department.—A detailed account of the history and organisation = this important Department » given in Dr. Morris's * Report on the Economie Resources of the West Indies” (Kew Bulletin, votes Series, I., pp. 137 248). The following account of the recent work of the Department is taken from the last report of the Jamaican Government presented to both Houses of Parliament :— ExTRACT from Colonial Reports, Annual, No. 283, Jamaica, Report for 1898-9, pp 31 32, The Botanical Department did useful work during the year in experimental cultivation, in the distribution of plants and seeds, and in affording information by means of bulletins ia private correspondence with planters. e Department distributed during the year no less than x din ,139 plants, of which the greater proportion were economic pia Advice was given during the year to orange growers as to remedies for sickly plants, to cocoa planters by leaflets and demonstrations by the Agricultural Instructor of a Department, to viticulturists "roh the Instructor, whos vice given during the last few years has resulted in gemunerativ cultiva- tion o e a dry district of s for t o rket d St. Elizabeth, hitherto considered of little iius for agricultu el ged to sugar planters by distributing the best varieties (the No. 95” variety having afforded a planter more than double the yield of the kind hitherto grown on his estate), to tobacco eultivators by obtaining the best kinds of the famous Vuelta | Abajo tobacco, with which the Hon. Evelyn Ellis a planted out 60 de poet xs tobacco which realised s 231 = in SN York. This has induced him to lay out 130 acres e Department has also had under training two lads en the a of Lagos, and has trained as agriculturists eat lads from the Hope induserial School. A. Scheme for starting an experimental agricultural station was formulated during the year by the Botanical Director, the Agri- cultural Inspector, and the Principal of the High School at Hope for the employment and instruction of industrial school boys, ker of boys whose parents are willing to pay for their maintena The scheme was approved hy the Government, but er at dre be carried out for want of funds reat rise in the beginning of 1899 i in the price of quinine and end bark led to an enquiry into the present condition of the einchona depuis and the pues d of manufacturing quinine locally as in India. As a result it das arum doubtful, unless prices rise sull further, whether bark can be harvested for sale, or quinine manufactured locally, as a a of profit Grape Fruit.—A brief notice of this fruit which has become an important article of e eb fro m = West Indies to the United States, where it is very popul s given under the head of Bahamas in the Kew Bulletin for 1898 (p. 180). The following hs enamel are taken from Dr. Morr * Report on the Economic Resources of the West Indies " (Kew Bulletin, Additional. Seri ies, L., p. 150) :— “The grape-fruit is a member of the orange tribe that has lately come into great favour in the United States. It is a fruit allied to the shaddock (Citrus decumana), but smaller, and with a finer flavour. It is regarded as very wholesome and refreshing, nd possessing valuable tonic properti Fortunately trees yielding this fruit were already plentiful in Jamaica, and island was at once able to meet the d ear the value emand. y of the exports was nearly £6,000. It is probable that it may eh be more profitable to grow the grape-fruit than the range. À question has arisen as to whether the grape-fruit, being apparantly only a cultivated race, would come true seed. The following letter seems conclusive on this point :— ER. AE Esq., M.B., C.M., Barbados, to a F AGRICULTURE FOR THE WEST IND Culloden, St. Michael Dear DR. MoRR October 21, 1899. IT H reference en our conversation about grape-fruit, my cows is as follo When in je some years ago I tasted some most delicious ones at Mrs. Jacobson Hill’s, grown in her own garden. I very much desired a plant, and she gave me some of the fruit so that 232 I could plant the seeds, but I told her very likely they would not come true. I planted the seeds here, and have five trees which have borne fruit twice or more, and to my delight they come true to the parent plant They are as fine or finer than any grape-fruit I have ever ted. I got no fruit last year on account of the storm, and for some reason they are not bearing this year, but should they give any fruit next year you shall taste for yourself. I am, &c., (Signed) F. B. ARCHER, a ae 233 INDEX. A. Abutilon periplocifolium, 226. Acacia sphzeroc P 134. Acalypha hispida, Acnida australis, 135. s.a costata, C. H. Wright, 102 Agarieus melleus (with plate), 29. Alnus nitida, 76. Aloe Sch weinfurthii, 191; 86. Annual, a gigantic, 135. Aposphzeria Alpinize, Massee, 182. Appendicula longipedunculata, Rolfe, 132. Appointments, 18, 50, 75, 133, 191, 220. Arthur, A., 75. Asia Mas. bulbs from, 81. Asparagus scandens, 192. Assam rubber in Egypt, 87. Aster Piccolii, 192. Aulographum maximum, Mas- see, 177 B. Baker, C. H., a gigantic annual, 135. —, J. G., awarded Linnean Medal, 75. — — —, retirement of, 17. Barnard, Mrs., death of, 19. Begonia "hemsleyana, 293. — sinensis, — venosa, balie, tomentosa, 222. Bolbitius longipes, Massee, 169. Boletus Rodwayi, Mussee, 179. Botanic Station, St. Lucia, 193. 20: Department, Jamaica, SA Botanical Magazine, 20, 51, 76, 134, 191, 192, 222, Botryospheria ^ Anthuriicola, Massee, 185 British New "Guinea, flora of, Brown blight of Tea (with plate), —, T. W., 50, 221. Budget from. Yunnan, 46. Bulbs from Asia Minor, 81. Burkill, I. H., 50. Buttenshaw, W. R., 220. C. Cacao blanco, 42. — disease in Trinidad (with plate), 1 ‘ — in en 42. — St. Lucia, 194. Caladenia re var. alba, 20. Calanthe celebica, un 129. — Englishii, Rolfe, 111 Calathea picta, Camphor, 57. Cape Flora, 192. Cardamine latifolia, 20. Carludovica laucheana, 222. Castilloa elastica, 159. Cavanagh, Ceanothus integerrimus, 51 Central American rubber, 159. Cereus paxtonianus, 76. Ceroxylon andicola, 203. Ceuthospora innumera, Massee, Ceylon, production of camphor in, 66. Chelsea Physie Garden, 195. ran production of camphor Obikese medicinal fungus, 56. — printing blocks, 216 Chrozophora tinctoria, 88. Chrysanthemum nipponicum, 234 Cinnamomum Camphora, 57. Cirrhopetalum Roordersii, Rolfe, 128. Cladoderris cartilaginea, Massee, | — 172. Claudopus priscum. Massee, 169. Clavaria Candelabra, Massee, 53112. ! — Ridleyi, Massee, 172. Cleisostoma Koordersii, olfe, 131. Clover, Uganda, 137. Clypeolum sparsum, petet 83. Coccid pests on Sugar-cane, 6. Cochin China pea acai ig 199. Coffee, Liberian, in St. Lucia, 194. C papse Sere Ameri- n (with plate), 9 Coffce-leaf denn in peces 23 Coleus thyrsoideus, 192. Colletotrichum Camellia, Pores: (with plate), 89. llybia Eucaly pti, Massee, 177. Collajeanes hirta, Steph., 125. Congo stic —, e ipn "products from, Copal, new, 139. : Coprinus coffeicola, Massee, 170. ceps, Massee, 170. Cordyceps quee ua Massee, 173. idleyi, Massee, 173. Craseala pyramidalis, 135. Crepidotus Ridleyi, Massee, 169. Curacao aloes, 86. Mie ai eathayensis, 229. — sinensis, 224. ren ue betacea, 222. Cyrtanthus parviflorus, 76. Ð, Dactylopius sacchari, 7. Dahlia maximiliana, 76. Danthonia oreoboloides, Stapf, HS ees) bipinnatifida, Baker, lanceolata, Dendrobium (Pedilonum) brevi- (Sarcopodium) parvulum, Rolfe, 127. — (Stachyobium) rigidifolium, Rolfe, 110. De Vilmorin, H.L., death of, 191. Deyeuxia sclerophylla, Stapf, 119. Diplodia Tragise, Massee, 184. Disease, Cacao, in Trinidad (with plate), 1. —, Coffee, Central American (with plate), —, Coffee-leaf, in “Zanzibar, 29. —, Peony, m brown blight of (with = plate , 89: —. Tree root-rot (with plate), 25. —, Vine, Maromba, 213. Dolianthus, Go. Wright, gen. nov., 106. — vaccinioides, CO. H. Wright, 106 Dorstenia Phillipsiz, 192. Dryandra calophylla, 51. E. Ecuador, Cacao in, 42. Egypt, Assam rubber i in, 87. Eleagnus macrophylla, 51. Eleocarpus aberrans, Brandis, 9t. Ephedra altissima, 192. Epilobium obcordatum Eria ee Rolfe, 1 — (rura) tricuspidata, Rolfe, "OB celebica, Eucalyptus timber from W. Australia, 72, 205. F. Favolus purpureus, Massee, 176. Ferns of North-western India - 235 Festuca monantha, ut d 111, — papuana, Stapf, 117 Fibre, Hibiscus lunariifolius, 199, —, Wissadula rostrata, 226. Fissidens Nicholsonii, 17. mmula ornata, Massee, 169. Flora Capensis, : —, Moss, of the Royal Gardens, — of British New Guinea, 95. New Zealand, Kirk’s ~ Student's, 21. — — St. Vincent, 228. — Tropical Africa, 192. Formosa, produetion of cam- phor in, Fritillaria pluriflora ra, 20. Fungus, Chinese medicinal, 56. Fungus-gamboge, G. Gamboge, fungus-, 23. Gavltheria trichophylla, zs Geaster lilacinus, Massee, 166. Mauru sei Fia. Gentinà- ne — ode pdt Giulian- ettii, Hemsley, 106. — (Qhondrophyllum) Maegre- ey, 107 Ginger in St. Lucia, 194. Giulianettia, Rolfe, gen. nov., HE — E Rolfe, 111. ET cee Araucarie,Massee, Glomera papuana, Rolfe, 111. Gossweiler, J., 75. Grape Fruit, 231. Guatemala, Central American rubber in, 159. Guthrie, Professor, 221. ehe Cochin China, Gynopleura humilis, 51. Gyrocephalus luteus, Massee, ? H. Hales, W., 191. Hancornia speciosa, 185. Havilandia papuana, Hemsley, 107. Heliophila scandens, 191 Hm obclavatum, Masse Hemileia didi in Zanzibar, Hemsley, W. B., 18. Henry, Dr. A.,a budget from Falken, 46.. Hibiscus lunariifolius, 139. Hidalgoa Wercklei, 293. Hooker, Sir J. D., medallion of, Hooker's Icones Plantarum, 77, Hope, C. W., Ferns of N.W. India, 21. Howard, A., 191. Hydnum crinigerum, Massee, 173, Gleadonii, Massee, 166. — tapienum, Massee, 171. Hygrophorus Rodwayi, Massee, 178. Massee Hymenopsis "Cudraniz, Massee, 166. Hyp Ser bermudiense, Massee, 184. roder Panici, Massee, 173. — Zingiberis, Massee, 174. aa hg Parvibractea, C. B. Clarke. recorte Tis neglectum, Massee et Rodway, 181. I. pi montan 6. seychellarum, 7. Impatiens Roylei, var., 76. Inearvillea variabilis, 76. India, N.W., Ferns of, 21. Du re, see Rubber, 236 Inocybe violacea, Massee, 169. Insect Ada Coecids on Sugar- can Iris Dilesigi 134. Isoetes neoguineensis, Baker, 122. J. Jamaica Botanical Department, Jarrah from W. Australia, 72, Jordan, A. J., 134. Juniper, Uganda, 197. Jyree tea, 82. K. Kalanchoe thyrsiflora, 222. a. from W. Australia, 72, Kemp, Mrs., Chinese medicinal fungus, 56. Kew, Assistant for India, 50. — in Colonial Office List, 77. —, Keeper of Herbarium and ibra —, Karoo plants at, 52. — libra rary, catalogue of, 83. m —, supplement to, Appx. —, Moss Flora of, 7, --, new beri 229. —, penguins 8. —, dire yim (Office), Im — (Phanerogams), 19 —, ; Queen’ s Cottage Grounds, —, rescue from drowning at, 9. —, retirement of J. G. Baker, —, Temperate House, comple- tiono itors during 1898, 19. Kies Student's Tints ‘of New RL Kleinia pendula, 134, Kniphofia Tuckii, 51. Kobus, J. D., mprovement of Sugar-cane by chemical selec- tion, Kola in St. Lucia, 194. Koorders, Dr. S. H., Celebes orchids, 126. L. Lagos rubber industry, 29. Lefroy, H. M., 220. Lembosia geographica, Massee, 181. Lentinus sericeus, Massee, 168. Leptonia obscura, Massee, 178. Leslie, Leucopogon papuanus, C. H. Wright, 104. Lewisia Tweedyi, 20. Library to, Appx. Lilium rubellum, 20. meer Medal awarded to J.G. Baker, 75. LM ‘AS Penguins for Kew, Let, F. A., 220. Lonicera hildebrandiana, 135, 222. Loranthus (Heteranthus) pachy- pus, Burkill, 109. Lungan pulp, 219. M. Ma adagascar india-rubber, 25. Mangabeira rubber, 185. Marasmius excentricus, Massel, 168. Maromba Vine Disease in Portugal, 213. Masdevallia muscosa, 134, = Be EN EDDIE catalogue, supplement V. z 237 Mauritius tea, 22. McNeill, M., 134. Meconopsis heterophylla, Microlena Giulianettii, Bar Microstylis cordifolia, Rolfe, 127. repens, Rolfe, 127. Mollisia albo-flava, Massee, 175. — cinnabarina, Massee ER gis Morea sulphurea, 134. Moseleya, 83. Moss Flora of the Royal Gar- — repertitia, Massee, Myrsine papuana, Hemsley, 104. Myxomycidium, Massee, gen. noy., 1 — pendulum, Massee, 180. N. Nectria Bainii (with plate), 5. Nephelium Longana, 219. Nephrodium (Lastrea) dissiti- olium, Baker New Orchids, 126. — Territorial arrangements in Pacific, 229. — works, — Zealand, Kirk’s Student's Flora of, Klara sylvestris, 76. O. Obituary notices, 19, 191, 221. Omphalia tenera, Massee, 168 Orchi de bark, use of, for orna- men Pe new, 126. Oxalis esculenta, 225. — tetraphylla, 225. 3857 2 Pacific, New Territorialarrange- ments in, sony diseas Paphiopedilum mastersianum, Pec rubber in Penang, 21. k, 22. — — — Pe Passiflora pruinosa, 51. Paxillus ehm Massee, 56, 165. Pearson, H. H. W., 50, 221. Penang, Para rubber i in, 21. ee Perak, Para rubber in, 2 Peristylus a opna Rol P 132. Peruvian ru Peziza sire Massee, 175. — tomentosa pong Ty i Phoma Podocarpi, Massee, 182. Phreatia CHIEDI. Ye, pt oordersii, Rolfe, 1 Phyliachora S ada ge Physic Garden, Chelsea, 195. Phytophthora omnivora (with plate), 4. Pittosporum berberidoides, Burkill, 96. — pullifolium, Burkill, 96. Pleurotus cretaceus, Massee, Pluteus p Massee, 118. Poa callosa, , 116. Polyporus Aris dd Massee, 111. — een 23. — tasmanicus, Masse: Polystictus qa ain Massee, (ae 1 Portugal, Maromba vine disease Printing blocks, Chinese, 216. Psathyra campanulata, Massee,- — cyc clos ospora, Massee, 170. Psathyrella albida, JE 170. Psilocybe cedipus, ’ Massee, 178. Pterostylis papuana, Rolfe, 112. Puccinia decipiens, Massee, 164. Pulvinaria gasteralp Pygeum costatum, Hemsley y, — papuanum, Hemsley, 99. Cc 238 Q. Queen's Cottage grounds, open- ing of, 81. R. Rattan industry of Rheims, 200. wson, Sir Rawson William, Rescne from drowning at Kew, 75 Rheims, rattan industry of, 200. Rhododendron comptum, C. H. 223. nodosum, C. H. Wright, 103. Root-rot, tree, 25. — xanthina, 135. "m artificial production of, d E in Egypt, 87. —, Cen tral American, 159. — ‘industry, Lagos, 29, — in Soudan, 199. — , Madagascar, 35. —, Mangabeira, 185. —, Para, in dero 21. — — — Pe —, Peruvian, 68. S. St. Lucia ee EN 193, — Vincent, Flo Salmia Much. p" 3. Salmon, E. S., Moss Flora of the Royal Gardens, Kew, 7. Sands, W. N., 133. Sandwic h Islands, sugar-cane ae 201 buxifolia, C. H, Wright t, 101. Saurauja rufa, ‘Burkill, 97. Sclerotinia Pæoniæ, 88. Serenoa serrulata as a remedy, 55 Silene Fortunei, 76, Sium — 39. Skirre Soden products, 198. Sphacelia Oryzee, Massee, 167 Stapelia gigantea, 5 tapf, Dr. O., 19. Stereum aterrimum, Massee, in. Stilbum flavidum (with plate), Stylidium crassifolium, 222. as id pests on, 6. vement of, b chemical solautieil; 45. in Sandwich Islands, Symblepharis obliqua, Broth- Boris 'Englishii, Hemsley, — orbicularis, Hemsley, 105. E Tæniophyllum celebicum, Rolfe, 131. Tea, brown blight of (with —, Mauritius, 22. Temperate House, Kew, com- (with plate), Todea (Leptopteris) Baker, Englishii, alpina, Trachylejeunea Steph., Trachylobium dewevrianum, 139. Tree root-rot rn plate), 25. Tremella picea 172. vinosa, assee, : Tremellodon aurantiacum, Massee, 172. : Trichoglottis celebica, Rolfe, 190. | rsii, Rolfe, — oblongifolia, Rolfe, 130. "Trichosporium eum, Massee, 166. aterrimum, — purpur Trifolium Johnston 37. ‘Trinidad, Cacao dise in (with plate), Triplostegia repens, Hemsley, 101 Tropical Africa, Flora of, 192. Tulostoma Ridleyi, Massee, 113. "Turnsole, cultivation of, 88. Ue: Uganda Clover, 137. — Juniper Umbrophila aurantiaca, Massee, 182. Upper Congo, new products 9. Ustilago goniospora, Massee, 183. — Stenotaphri, Massee, 1 i, Vaccinium oblongum, C. H. Wright, Vanda celebica, Rolfe, 131. ‘Vanilla fimbriata, Rolfe, 133. pd e c Visitors during 1898, Volvaria woodrowi wiana, Massee, ee, 166. 239 W. West Australia, Eucalyptus timber from, 72, 205. White, R. B., Ceroxylon andi- cola, 203. Whittall, E., bulbs from Asia Minor, 81. Wlan, J. R., 50. Wissadula rostrata, 226. » Xerotus atrovirens, Massee, 178. Xylaria aspera, , 174 — hypsipoda, S 174. X. Yucca elata, 76. hipplei, 134. Tunnin, budget from, 46. Z. Zanzibar, Coffee-leaf disease in, 23. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX I.—1899. LIST OF SEEDS OF HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS AND OF TREES AND SHRUBS. The following is a list of seeds of Hardy Herbaceous Annual and Perennial Plants and of Hardy Trees and Shrubs which, for the most part, have ripened at Kew during the year 1898. These seeds are not sold to the general public, but are available for exchange with Colonial, ae and Foreign Botanic Gardens, as well as with regular correspondents of Kew. No «dem gei except from sea colonial possessions, can be entertained afte the end of March. HERBACEOUS PLANTS. Acaena glabra, J. Buch. Achillea, cont. macrostemon, Hook. f. leptophylla, Bieb. TN, DS ligustica, All. myriophylla, Zi magna, Novae-Zealandiae, Kirk. Millefolium, L. ovalifolia, Ruiz & Pav moschata, Jacq. pinnatifida, Ruiz & Pav. nobilis, L. Sanguisorbae, Vahl. Ptarmica, L sarmentosa, Carmich, ptarmicoides, E sericea, Jacq. rupestris, Hu D ; Santolina, Acanthus longifolius, Poir. setacea, Wa ae Kit. taygetea, Boiss. & Heldr. Achillea Ageratum, L. umbellata, Sib. & Sm. Willd. decolorans, Schrad.- Aconitum heterophyllum, filipendulina, Lam. Wall. 958—1375—11/98 Wt90 D&S 29 Aconitum, cont. Lycoctonum, Z. Napellus nde, Mill. uncinatum, Actinolepis coronaria, A. Gray. Actinomeris squarrosa, Nutt. Adenophora liliifolia, Bess. Adesmia muricata, DC. Adonis aestivalis, L. autumnalis, L. ie DO. Aethionema cappadocicum, Spreng. gracile, DC. saxatile, AR. Br. Aethusa Cynapium, L. Agrimonia Eupatoria, L. leucantha, Kunze. odorata, Mill. BRATEN DN Roem. & S * caninum, Beauv dasyanthum, Ledeb. desertorum, ae an lt. divergens pungens, item: & Schult. repens, Beauv ehanit Schrad. tenerum, Vasey. villosum, Link. Agrostis alba, L. alpina, Scop vulgitin With. Alchemilla vids L. a a fissa, Sch openlist, "Chr ist, vulgaris, L. Alisma Plantago, L. Allium angulos atropurpureum, adl. & it pur Allium, cont. Bidwillie, S. Wats. cardiostemon, Fisch. & Mey. carinatum, L., cyaneum, Regel Cy =e , Schott & Kotschy y. fistu E tein, Regel. globosum, Red. hirtifolium, Boıss. hymenorrhizum, Ledeb. karataviense, Regel. margaritaceum,Sibth. & Sm. oly, narcissiflorum, Vill. eg odoru orcophilun, = A. Mey. orientale, am, "Kan & Kir. Porrum, L. pulchellum, Don durer d xim pe roseum, L - Schoenoprasum, L — var. sibiricum, (L. ). scorzoneræfolium, Red. senescens, L sphaerocephalum, Z subhirsut triquetrum, ursinum, L. Alonsoa incisifolia, Ruiz & Pav. Warscewiczii, Regel. Alopecurus ique L. ratensis, L. Althaea armeniaca, Tenor can vites L. var. s, Po ourr. ficifolia, Cav. kurdica, Schlecht. Ludwigii, L officinalis, SS Waldst. & Kit. Ca nihal v. Paar sesto DC. Alyssum argenteum, Vitm. | corymbosum, Boiss. creticum, L. mere cont. emonense me grandiflorutn, Hort. Kew. olicum, Bess. pyrenaicum, Lap. xatile, L. Amaranthus caudatus, L. pochondriacus, L. xus, L. speciosus, Sims. Amethystea caerulea, L. Ammi majus, L. Ammobium alatum, R. Br. Ammophila arundinacea, Host. Amsonia Tabernaemontana, Walt. Anacyclus radiatus, Loisel. Anagallis arvensis, L. linifolia, Z. Anchusa capensis, Thunb. officinalis, L. Andropogon cirratus, Hack. provincialis, Lam Androsace filiformis, Petz. macrantha, Boiss. & Huet. na, Horn. Andryala ragusina, L. varia, Lowe. Anemone decapetala, L. sis, L. multifida, Poir. morosa, L. pennsylvanica, L. Pulsatilla, Z. ME Buch-Ham. sylve Angelica dios Mazim. Anoda hastata, Cav. Wrightii, Gray. Antennaria dioica, Gaertn, var. tomentosa, Hort, 958 3 | Anthemis aetnensis, Schouw. arvensis, Chia, L. cinerea, Panc. Cotula, L. cupaniana, Tod. montana, L. you L. ar. discoidalis, Hort. styriaca Vest. tinctoria, L. — Liliago, I. — var. algeriense, B. & R. Eme b i Anthoxanthum odoratum, L. | Anthyllis Vulneraria, L. var. Dillenii. | Antirrhinum Asarina, L. ’ Orontium, L. rupestre, Boiss. & Reut. . Apera interrupta, Beauv. | a: Greenei, A. Gray, r mo llis, A. Gray EM ianen Torr. & (NS Aquilegia — L. 3 det ay. eid aree Hise sibirica, Lam. vulgaris, L. Arabis albida, Stev "eov Lp * hirsuta d p Hornem. pumila, Soyeri, Rout, & Huet. Aralia cordata, Thunb. Archangelica officinalis, Hoffm. Arctium majus, Bernh. minus, Bern Arenaria aretioides, Portenschl. balearica, L. capillaris, Poir. — — gothica, en RR Schrad. —- var. multiflora. A2 Arenaria, cont. oed pee L. pinifolia, Bie purpurascens, S Ramon: serpyllifolia, Argemone mexicana, L. Arisarum proboscidium, Savi. Armeria argyrocephala, Wallr. Wi Welwitschii, Boiss. Arnica Chamissonis, gm sachalinensis, 4. Gra Arrhenatherum avenaceum, Artemisia Absinthium, L. annua, L. canadensis, Micha. rupestris, L Arum italicum, Mill, Asarum europaeum, L. Hartwegii, Wats. Asparagus officinalis, L. Asperella hystrix, Willd. Asperula azurea, = aub. & Spach, galioides, Biel tinctoria, L. Asphodeline liburnica, Reichb. Asphodelus albus, Willd. Aster acuminatus, Micha. 8, L. en Mom . Novi-Belgii, t Aster, co EN Willd. ptarmicoides, Torr. & Gray. puniceus, Z. — var. lucidulus, Gray. spectabilis, A? tanacetifolius, H. B&B. trinervius, umbellatus, Mill. Vahlii, Hook, & Arn. Astilbe rivularis, Buch-Ham. Thunbergii, Miq. Astragalus adsurgens, Pall. alopecuroides, L. rade L. chinensis, L. chlorostachy S, Lindl. Cie denken Retz. frigidus, A. Gray. glycyphyllus, L. graecus, Boiss. kahiricus, DC. monspessulanus, L. lottis, L. ponticus, Pall. reflexistipulus, Miq. tibetanus, Benth. Astrantia major, L. —var. carinthiaca,. (Hoppe.) . Astrocarpus Clusii, Gay. Athamanta Matthioli, Wulf. Atriplex hastata, L. ortensis, L. littoralis, L. rosea, L. sibirica, L. Atropa Belladonna, L. Aubrietia deltoidea, DC. gracilis, Sprun. Avena distichophylla, Vil. A vena, cont. sect Huds. mpervirens, Mec Pago Schre Baeria prem Fisch. & doni. A. Gray. gracilis, A. Gray. Ballota hispanica, Benth. Baptisia australis, PR. Br. Basella rubra, Z. Beckmannia erucaeformis, Host. Berkheya Adlami, Hook. J. » purpurea, Benth. & JS: Hook Beta maritima, L irigyn a, Waldst. & Kit. a, Bidens cernua, L. frondosa, L. . grandiflora, Balb. leucantha, Willd. tripartita, L. Biscutella auriculata, L. ciliata, D didyma, r Blumenbachia insignis, Schrad. Bocconia cordata, Willd. microcarpa, Maxim. Boltonia ea ge L’ Herit. incisa indica, Do Borago officinalis, L. Bouteloua oligostachya, Torr. racemosa, A. Rich. Boykinia rotundifolia, Parry. Brachy Deere distachyum. pinnatum, Beauv. sylvaticum, R. & S. Pon anges tiir chinensis (L. J: glau EU van. Brassica, cont. oleracea, * Briza media, L. minor, L : rer — Sm. , imei cay S. Wats. . uniflora, Baker. Bromus adoénsis, Hochst. breviaristatus, Buch. brizaeformis, Fisch. & Mey. car rinatus, Hook. & Arn. Laman Des tectorum, unioloides, H. B EK; Browallia viscosa, H. B. Ea Bryonia dioica, Jacq. Bulbine annua, Willd. Bulbinella Hookeri, Benth. & Hook. f. Bunias Erucago, L. orientalis, L. Buphthalmum grandiflorum, In - speciosum, Schreb. Bupleurum aureum, Fisch. Candollei, Lr croceum, ile, ae, longifolium protra ctum, Hw; & Lk. rotundifolium, £L. stellatum, Butomus en L. Cakile maritima, Scop. Calamagrostis confinis, Nutt. epigeios, Roth. lanceolata, Roth. ia, Beauv. Calamintha Acinos, Clairv. i / officinalis, Moench. Calandrinia grandiflora, Lindl. Menziesii, Torr. & Gray. pilosiuscula, DC. umbellata, DC. Calceolaria mexicana, Benth. Calendula arvensis, L. rophylla, Lange. en alis, L. suffruticosa, Vahl. Callirhée pedata, A. Gray. POOR Meme Cass, Caltha palustris, L. a ino re HIE. Camassia Cusickii, S. Wats. nta, Li Fraseri, T'orr. Camelina sativa, Crantz. Campanula alliariaefolia, Willd. barbata, L. bononiensis, L. carpatica, Jacq. — var. alba. cervicaria, L. tea v colorata, Wal danti i Sibth. & Sm. — var. alba. — var. attica, (Boiss. d He det Erinus, L. bee "Schleich. lomera à lactiflora, Bieb. latifolia, L. sch.). — var. macran — var. VER: (Sibth. d Sm.). _latiloba, DO. | — cont. reyi, Pollini. mucrosty a, Boiss. pyrami idalis, L. Eomae, Sibth. & Sm rapunculoides, reuteriana, Boiss. & Bal. Scheuchzeri, "Vill. sibirica, -— var. divergens, dec jt thyrsoides, L. Trachelium, L. 2 Cannabis sativa, L. Carbenia benedicta, Adans. Cardamine chenopodifolia, Pers.’ graeca, L. latifolia, Vahl. Carduus crispus, L. nutans, L. stenolepis, Benth. Carex adusta, Boo alopecoidea, Tucker m. arenari y ats se Good. iar rvis, Sn Lan Cris cored "Shuttl. decomposita, Muhl. depauperata, Good. divu ood. RN a var. lepidocarpa, — (Pause ch.). — var. Ocderi uomo — var. fusca, Ll. : hi hordeistichos, Vil. leporina, 4 paniculata, dr ndula, pe : punctata, Gaud. Carex, cont. rariflora, Sm. sparganioides, Muhl. stellulata, Good. rigosa, Huds. teretiuscula, Goo od. tribuloides, Wahlenb. vulpin vulpin eee, Miche. Carrichtera Vellae, DC. mes flavescens, Willd. atus, leucocaulos, Sibth. & Sm. tinctorius, L. Carum Carvi, L copticum, ` Benth. & Petroselinum, Benth. & Hook. f. Catananche caerulea, L. Cedronella mexicana, Benth. var. ana, Hook. Celsia pontica, Boiss. Cenchrus tribuloides, L. Cenia turbinata, Pers. Centaurea axillaris, Willd. cynaroides, Link. diluta, Dryand. eriophora, L. Fontanesii, Spach. glastifolia, L. gymnocarpa, Moris. ea, Z, melitensis, L mont: L , nigra, L. AUN UE gee (Bernh >) — var, olivieriana, (DC.). Verutum, L. Centranthus Calcitrapa, Dufr. macrosiphon, Boiss. ruber, Cephalaria alpina, Schrad. eucantha, Schrad. radiata, rush. & Schenk. syriaca, Schrad. tatarica, Schrad. transsylvanica, L. Cerastium alpinum, Z. var. lan- a — var. villosum, error nA Adams. Cerinthe alpina, Kit. aspera, Roth. _ major, L. retorta, Sibth. & Syme. Chaenostoma foetida, Benth, Chaerophyllum aromaticum, L. Charieis heterophylla, Cass. Cheiranthus Cheiri, L. Chelidonium majus, Z. — var. laciniatum. Chelone Lyoni, Pursh. nemorosa, Dougl. obliqua, L. EN album L. brosoides, L. Toina-Hépticuh. L. Botrys, ficifolium, Sm. graveolens, Wild. Chionodoxa Luciliae, Boiss. — var. sardensis. Chlorogalum pomeridianum, Kunth. Chorispora tenella, DC. Chrysanthemum anserinae- folium, | Hausskn. 4 Bornm eu coccineum, Wi coronarium, ax ond. macrophyllum, Waldst. & molowa, Desf. pallens, J. Gay. Parthenium, Bernh. UM viscosum, Chrysopogon Gryllus, Trin. Cichorium Intybus, L. Cimicifuga cordifolia, Pursh. acemosa, Nutt Circaea lutetiana, L. Cladium Mariscus, Br. Clarkia elegans, Bug: pulchella mm aa Dougl. Claytonia perfoliata, Donn. sibirica, L. Cleome violacea, L. Cleonia lusitanica, L. Clintonia uniflora, Kunth. Clypeola cyclodontea, Delile. Cnicus Acarna, L. altissimus, Willd. Br seers Spreng. oleraceus, Lt. Cnieus, con rei og syriacus, tataricus, Willd. Cochlearia danica, L. glastifolia, L. officinalis, L. Codonopsis ovata, Benth. Coix Lacryma-Jobi, L. Collinsia arvensis, Greene. - Parryi, A. Gray. sparsiflora, Fisch. & Mey. verna, Nutt. Collomia coccinea, Lehm. gilioides, Bent grandiflora, Dougl. linearis, Nutt. Commelina coelestis, Willd. Conium maculatum, Z. Conringia orientalis, Dum. Convolvulus pentapetaloides, L. iculus, tricolor, L undulatus, Cav. Corchorus olitorius, Willd. - Coreopsis auriculata, L. ondi, Torr. & Gray. grandiflora, Nutt lanceolata, L tinctoria, Nutt. Corispermum hyssopifolium, L. Coronila atlantica, Boiss. & eut. wei rana e Willd. elegans, Par vaginalis, jt varia, L. Corrigiola littoralis, L. Cortusa Matthioli, L. Corydalis eapnoides, Wahlenb. claviculata, DC. Corydalis, cont. glauca, Pursh. lutea, A racemosa, Pers. sibiriea, Pers. Corynephorus canescens, Beauv. Cosmidium burridgeanum, Hort. Cosmos bipinnatus, Cav. Cotula coronopifolia, L. Cotyledon lusitanicus, Lam. Umbilicus, L. ` Crambe hispanica, L. Crepis alpina, L. urea, Reichb. blattarioides, Vill. grandiflora, Tausch. hyoseridifolia, Reichb. paludosa, Moench. taraxacifolia, Thuill. tectorum, L. Crocus biflorus, Mill. cancellatus, Herb. var. cili- E ; us, Ker-Gaul. bonis a initan, Herb. AH, zonatus, Gay. Crucianella aegyptiaca, L. Crupina vulgaris, Cass. Cryptostemma calendulaceum, R.Br. Cucubalus baceiferus, L. Cucurbita Pepo, L. Cuminum Cyminum, L. eae Llavea, Lindl. etorum, Benth Cuphea, con procu o ti Cav. Tapas, Morr. Cyclanthera explodens, Naud. Cynara Cardunculus, L. Scolymus, L. Cynodon Dactylon, Pers. Cynoglossum furcatum, Wall. nervosum, Benth. petiolatum, 4. D pictum, Att. Cynosurus cristatus, L. ee esculentus, L. ongus vage Willd. Dactylis glomerata, L. . Dahlia coccinea, Cav. Me rckii, Lehm. Datura Stramonium, L. Tatula, L. oti Carota, L. mifer, Lain. EUR Micha. Delphinium Aes Reichb. Royle. m . Mey. decorum, Fisch. & Mey. dictyocarpum, DC. elatum, — var. alpinum, ( Waldst. d Kit. formosum, Boiss. & Huet. , Bie = var. turkestanicum. -Staphisagria, tatsienense, Franch. vestitum, Wall. Demazeria loliacea, N'ym. sicula, Du? Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv. Desmodium canadense, DC. Dianthus arenarius, L. Armeria, L. vage All, barbatus, L. — var. -latifolius, ( Willd.). caesius, capitatus "DC. carthusianorum, L. Caryophyllus, P chinensis, L. ciliatus, Guss. deltoides, L. fragrans, Bieb giganteus, quem hirtus, Vill. monspessulanus, L. petraeus, s Waldst & Kit. plumarius, pungen aL. Requieni Gren. & Godr. Seguieri, Vill. sylv aor , Wulf. Waldsteinii, Sternb. Dictamnus albus, L. Dierama pulcherrimum, Baker. Digitalis ambigua, Murr aevigata, Waldst. 4 K it. lanata, Ehrh. lutea, T. purpurea, L. Thapsi, L. Dimorphotheca annua, Less. hybrida, DC. pluvialis, Moench. Dipeadi serotinum, Medic. Diplachne fusca, Beauv. Diplotaxis siifolia, Kunze. tenuifolia, DC. Dipsacus asper, Wall. atratus, EA J. & Thoms. ferox, € fullon A i pa Miq. laciniatu plumosus, Franch. sylvestris, Mill. Dischisma arenarium, E. Mey. . spicatum, Chois. Doronicum scorpioides, Lam. Dorycnium herbaceum, Vill. Downingia elegans, Torr. Draba aizoides, L. carinthiaca, H: Toppe. rigida, Sau hirt a; L. hispida, Willd. incana, L. — var. stylaris. Kotschyi, Stur. lactea, Adams. rigida, Willd stellata, Jacq. Dracocephalum grandiflorum, heterophyllum, Benth. Moldavica, L. parviflorum, Nutt. peregrinu Dryas ibis E L. Drymaria cordata, Willd. Drypis spinosa, L. Dulichium spathaceum, Rich. Eatonia obtusata, A. Gray. Ecballium Elaterium, A. Rich. Echinodorus ranunculoides, En- gelm. Echinops bannaticus, Rochel. obifer, or Y 8 oo halus, à alb bidus, (Boiss. & ran. 5) Echium rosulatum, Lange. v Eclipta alba, Hassk. Eleusine coracana, Gaertn. icta, Roxb. Elsholtzia cristata, Willd. Elymus arenarius, L. canadensis, L. 11 wenna cont. . glaucifolius, 4. edd Vahl. ne irginicus, L. Emilia flammea, Cass. Encelia subaristata, A. Gray. se IE Li — var. à billapdicria dit, Sev Dodonaei, Vill. atan T. Forst. Pursh. anum, L. mao c eU Cunn. roseum, Schi rosmarinifolium, Haenke. tetragonum, L. dues nd Host. a, Nees pilosa LL Purshii, wir tenuis, A. Gra Eranthis hyemalis, Salisb. Eremostachys laciniata, Bunge. Eremurus kaufmanniana, Regel. robustus, Regel. Erigeron bellidifolius, Muht. compositus, Pursh glabellus, Nutt. ar. asper. macranthus, Nutt. mucronatus, : multiradiatus, Benth. & Hook. f. speciosus, DC. strigosus, Muhl. uniflorus, L. Erinus alpinus, L. Eriophorum Roth. angustifolium, Erodium alsinefolium, Delil. chium, Wi ciconium, illd. cicutarium, D Herit. moleum, Eruca sativa, Mill. er alpinum, L methystinum, L. Boni ati, Goua brómslietoliiin, ‘Delar. aritimum, L. oliverianum, Delar. lanum, L. vesieulosum, Labill. Erysimum asperum, DC. boryanum, Boiss. hieracifolium per rowskianum, Fisch. & Mey. Erythraea Centaurium, Pers. inariifolia, dad ramosissima, — zen D aespitosa, Brew Eucharidium Breweri, Gray. concinnum, Fisch. & Mey. — var. grandiflorum. Eupatorium ageratoides, L. cannabinum. purpureu m, L. serotinum, E ichz. sessilifolium, L. Euphorbia coralloides, L. dentata, Micha. re ae Fisch. L. exigua, L. hierosolymitana, Boiss. e, Myrsinites, L. 12 Euphorbia, cont. Funkia ovata, Spreng pilosa, L. sieboldiana, Hook. portlandica, L. segetalis, E a Gahnia xanthocarpa, Hook. dps L. Gaillardia aristata, Pursh. stricta, L. Yisaor Waldst. & Kit. Galanthus Elwesii, Hook. f. Fagopyrum esculentum, | Galega officinalis, L. oench. orientalis, Lam. Fedia Cornucopiae, Gaertn. Galeopsis M ges Bartl. Felicia fragilis, Cass. $ Ferula communis, L. d brachystephana, F egel glanen 1 parviflora, Cav. sheng jen Heldr. Galium A parine, L. Ce, Boi. boreale, L nodiflora, be . Mollugo, L. persica, Willd. recurvum, Req. tingitana, L. en i Aa Bieb. Festuca sente Vil. UI oe brom aie tole Gastridium australe, Beauv. ca 0 Du deis eus "M a ue Gaudinia fragilis, Beawv. elatior, Lu ; ; ; ; var. pratensis, (Huds). Gaura ie ET E Engelm. & gigantea, ed Hs parviflora, Dougl. heterophylla, Lam. Gentiana asclepiadea, L. montana, ME var. altis- cruciata, L. sima, lutea, L. vem Lo septemfida, Pall. rigida, Ku tibetica, King. Pek eats Se hrad. 5 Geranium albanum, Bieb. Foeniculum vulgare, Mil. anemonaefolium, D Herit. Fragaria indica, Andr. bike Mites Li“ Fritillaria Mi aere Boiss. non ge h. ae EE Kar eriostemon, Fisch. na er. - einen N itt, j ; Malena L Londesii, Fisch. palliditlora, Se hrenk. i dh pu pratense, Li Froelichia floridana, Moq. pusillum, Burm. f. Ric soni, Fisch. & Fumaria anatolica, Boiss. Trautv. .J capreolata, L. rivulare, Vill. officinalis, L. rotundifolium, L. oe cont. sanguineum, L. sylvaticum, L. wallichianum, E Don. Wilfordi, Maxi wlassovianum, Pise h. Gerbera kunzeana, A. Br. & Asch. Geum chiloense Balb. Heldreichii, Hort. hispidum, Fries. inclinatum, Schleich. macrophyllum, Willd. L Ar triflorum, Pursh. urbanum Gilia achilleaefolia, Benth. andr Steud qua iseto, Bent Gillenia trifoliata, Moench. Gladiolus anatolicus, Hort. atroviolaceus, Boiss. Glaucium ir iru Curt. lavum, var. fulvum, (Sm. ) leptopodum, Mazim. Glyceria aquatica, Sm. Glycine Soja, Sieb. d Zuce. Glycyrrhiza echinata, L. lepidota, Pursh. Gnaphalium indicum, Z. luteo-album, ZL. Gratiola officinalis, L. Grindelia inuloides, Willd. Guizotia abyssinica, Cass. Gunnfra chilensis, Lam. anicata, Linden Gypsophila libanotica, Boiss. muralis, L. ; paniculata, L. Rokejeka, "Delile. Steveni, Fisch. Hablitzia tamnoides, Bieb. Hastingia alba, S. Wats. Hebenstreitia comosa, Hochst. tenuifolia, Schrad. Hedysarum coronarium, L. esculentum, Ledeb. flexuosum, microcalyx, Baker. neglectum, Ledeb. obscurum spinosissimum, L. Helenium autumnale, L. Bolanderi, A. Gray. quadridentatum, Labill. Heleochloa schoenoides, Host. Helianthella quinquenervis, Gray. ; uniflora, Torr. & Gray. Helianthemum ledifolium, Mill. sa I7) villosum, Phib. Helianthus annuus, L. Spur Me Torr. & Gray. debilis Nut laetiflorus, or Helichrysum bracteatum, Andr. natum, DC. serotinum, Boiss. Heliophila amplexicaulis, L. f. Heliopsis laevis, Pers. .| Heliotropium europaeum, L. Helipterum anthemoides, DC. humboldtian C. Manglesii, "P. Miel. roseum, Benth * Helleborus encor Regel. orientalis, Lan Felonisa bier: L. ar. latifolia. Hemerocallis flava, L. fulva, L. Heracleum ben Bieb. , Willd. lanatum, Mi ichz. Leichtlini, Hort. pyrenaicum, Lam. Sphondylium, L. villosum, Fisch. Herniaria glabra, L. irsuta, L Hesperis matronalis, L. Heterospermum pinnatum, Cav. Heterotheca Lamarckii, Cass. Hen cylindrica, Dougl. rummondi, Hort. m Willd. pilosissima, Fisch. & N: sanguinea, Engelm HibiscusTrionum, Z. Hieracium alpinum, L. eg L. ran iacum a natum, : Waldst. & Kit, lactucaefolium, Arv. T'ouv. „All. stolonifiorum, Waldst. & umbellatum, L. Hieracium, cont. osum, Jacq. qapa Fries. Hilaria rigida, Vasey. Hippocrepis multisiliquosa, L. Hippuris vulgaris, L. Holcus lanatus, L. Hordeum bulbosum, L. num, quand Si chreb. Horminum pyrenaicum, Z. Hosackia purshiana, Benth. Humulus japonicus,Sieb.d Zuce. — var. variegatus. Hutchinsia petraea, Br. Hyacinthus amethystinus, L. romanus Hydrocotyle repanda, Pers. v : Hyoscyamus muticus, L. niger, L. Hypecoum — M Benth. procumbens, Hypericum atomarium, Boiss. Coris, L. Gebleri, C. A. Mey. polyphy Nam. Boiss. pulchrum, in pyramidatum, Ait. quadrangulum, Z rhodopeum, Friv, tomentosum, Z. | Hypochoeris aetnensis, Ces. Passer. glabra, L. Hyssopus officinalis, Z —var. oe (Jord.). Iberis amara, L. ectinata, Boiss. k abelis ta, —var. carnea. Impatiens amphorata, Hdgw. Roylei, Walp. scabrida, DC. Inula barbata, Wall. bifrons, L. Conyza, DO. ensifolia, L. glandulosa, Puschk. grandiflora, Willd. E x dis Ead. C. B. Clarke. ao „Do. salic een Spreng. Ionopsidium albiflorum, Dur. Ipomoea purpurea, Lam. sinuata, Orteg. lris foetidissima, L. graminea, L —var. latifolia, Spach. laevigata, Fisch. sibirica spuria, L. —var. notha, (Bieb.). Isatis glauca, Auch. inctoria, L. Villarsii, Gawd. Isopyrum fumarioides, L. Iva xanthifolia, Nutt. Jasione montana, L. perennis, Lam. Jasonia tuberosa, L. Juncus alpinus, Vill. 8, L. Gharama, Kunth. compressus, Jacq. effusus, ZL. 15 | Juncus, cont. | per Sib la amprocarpus, ‘Ehrh. maritimus, tenuis, Willd. Jurinea alata, Cass. cyanoides, DC. Kitaibelia vitifolia, Willd. Kochia scoparia, Schrad. Koeleria albescens, DO. cristata, Pers. phleoides, Pers. setacea, Pers. var, valesiaca, (Gaud.). Lactuca brevirostris, Champ. ae E. Mey. peren Plumieri, Gren. & Godr. igna, L. sativa, L. Scariola, L. virosa, L. Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser. Lallemantia canescens, Fisch. & ey. iberica, Fisch. & Mey. peltata, Fisch. & Mey. Lamarckia aurea, Moench. Lapsana communis, L. Lasiospermum radiatum, Trevir. Lasthenia glabrata, Lindl. Lathraea Squamaria, L. Lathyrus angulatus, L. annuus, L. Aphaca, L. articulatus, L. maritimus, a montanus, rnh. niger. E eiie Lathyrus, cont. Nissolia, L un DC. palustris, L. rotundifolius, Willd. undulatus variegatus, Gren & Godr. venosus, Muh Lavatera cachemiriana,Cambess. thuringiaca, L. ‘trimestris, L. an es Hook. & Arn. elegans, Torr. & Gray. platyglossa, A. Gray. Lens esculenta, Moench. Leontodon autuinnalis, E. crispus, Vill. hrenbergii, Hort. Kew. hastilis, L. Leontopodium alpinum, Cass. . Leonurus Cardiaca, L. sibiricus, L. Lepidium Draba, L. graminifolium, L. i h sativum, L. virginicum, L. Leptosyne Douglasii, DC. maritima, A. Gray. Lepturus cylindricus, Trin. Leucojum vernum, L. Leuzea conifera, DC, Liatris spicata, Willd. ee un Spreng. pyr m, Gouan. sal, Kor h. ee C. B. Olarke. 16. | Limnanthes alba, Hartw, , Hartwg. rosea Linaria albifrons, Spreng. genistifolia, Mill. heterophylla, Desf. hirta, Moench. maroccana, Hook. f. minor, Desf. multipunctata, Hoffmgg. & ink. peloponnesiaca, Boiss. & Heldr. purpurea, L. reticulata, Desf. sapphyrina, Hoffmg. & Lk. saxatilis, "Hofmgg. & Link. rdi Hoffmgg. & Link. stri ‚triornihophora, Willd. triphylla, tristis, Mill. vulgaris, Mill, Lindelophia spectabilis, Lehm. Linum angustifolium, Huds. nervosum, "Waldst. & Kit. usitatissimum, L. Loasa muralis, Griseb. vulcanica, Andre. Lobelia cardinalis, L. rinus, L. tenuior, R. Br, triquetra, L Lolium multiflorum, Lam. perenne, L Lonas inodora, Gaertn. Lopezia coronata, Andr. Lotus esit L. maj ornithopodioides, L. siliqu 17 Lotus, « | Malva Alcea, L. ita Waldst, & Kit. | i Tetragonolobus, Z. Duriaei, Hort. Kew. : moschata, L. Lunaria annua, L. oxyloba, Boiss. unum — Agardh. parviflora, angustifolius, L. rotundifolia, L. ar —— Sims. sylvestris, L. Cosentini, Guss. densiflorus, Benth. elegans, . 4 K. Marrubium astracanieum, Jacq. leptophylla, Ji Benth. pannonicum, Reichb, us, Dougl. mutabilis oe Matricaria glabra, Ball. inodora, L. Malvastrum limense, Ball, nanu à Dos E RaT Lindl. pubescens, Benth. Matthiola incana, R. Br. pulchellus, Sweet. sinuata, R. Br. tricolor, Hort. tricuspidata, R. Di. Luzula maxima, DC. tristis, nivea, DC. Mazus rugosus, Lour. Lychnis eigen L. Coeli-rosea, Backh. — var, elegans, Hort. — “Desr. Meconopsis cambrica, Vig. Wallichi, Hook. — var. oculata. Mpa apiculata, Willd. diua, falcata, L. Flos-cı wen Desr os-cuculi, L a, fulgens, Fisch ae ens y Githago, maculata, Sibth grandiflora, Jacq. marina, haageana, Lemaire. se : gasc , len ates mle All, i i sativ: TM f auatelbat a AU Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill tiber cuiii Willd. Lycopus europaeus, L. Melica altissima, L. > =. ciliata, Lycurus phleoides, H. B. & K. — War, penicillaris, (Boiss. paoe atropurpurea, L. rystach E Bunge. git auca F. Schultz var. It Lythrum Graefferi, Tenore. hyssopifolia, L. Salicaria, L. Madia elegans, D. Don. sativa, Molina. Malcolmia africana, R. Br. u Sibth. maritima, R. Br. 958 nebrodensis, (Parl.). rr Retz. Melilotus ue Desr, indiea, A tn Lam. Mentha Pulegium, L. sylvestris, L. viridis, L. Mercurialis annua, L. Mesembryanthemum pomeridi- anum, L. pyropeum, Haw. Meum Athamanticum, Jacq. Mimulus cardinalis, Doug. luteus, L. moschatus, Dougl. Mirabilis divaricata, Lowe. Jalapa, longiflora, L. Modiola multifida, Moench. Molinia caerulea, Moench. Molopospermum cicutarium, DC. Momordica Charantia, L. Monolepis trifida, Schrad. Moricandia arvensis, DC, Moscharia pinnatifida. Ruiz & Pav. : Muehle nbergia glomerata, Trin. na, Trin sylvatica, Torr. & Gray. Willdenovii, Trin. Muscari Argaei, Hort. niacum, Baker bilganni Boiss. i Reut. omosum, Mill. Heldreichii, Boiss. . ill. szovitsianum, Baker. — arvensis, Lam. dissitiflora, Baker. "sed Lam. sylvatica, Hoffm. Myosurus minimus, Z. Myriactis nepalensis, Less. Myrrhis odorata. Scop. Narcissus Pgendo-narcisssug, L, 18 Nasturtium montanum, Wall, Nemesia floribunda, oe pubescens, Ben versicolor, E. ia Wy. - pa pa ia insignis, Fuge: ta, ben Mennen, Hook. . & Arn. parviflora, Dougl. Nepeta azurea, R B" Cataria, L. toti ii Boiss. & Heldr. Y E spicata, Benth. suavis, Stapf. Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn. Nicotiana acuminata, Hook. alata, Link & 200. u, Wat dorffii, Si hrank: sylvestris. Tabacum, L. Nigella damascena, L. hispanica, L orientalis, L. sativa, L Nolana prostrata, L. Nonnea lutea, Reichb. Nothoscordum fragrans, Kunth. Oenanthe crocata, L. pimpinelloides, L. Oenothera amoena, Lehm. berteriana, Spach. biennis, — var. grandiflora, Torr. & G ray. densiflora, Lindl. odorata, Ji aeq. Oenothera, cont. pumila, L. riparia, Nuit. ea, Ai sinuata, L. speciosa, Nutt. tenella tetraptera, Cav. Omphalodes linifolia, Moench. Onobrychis sativa, Lam. Ononis arvensis, L. rotundifolia, L. spinosa, Onopordon Acanthium, L. sibthorpianum, Boiss. Opoponax Chironium, Koch. Orchis foliosa, Soland. inearnata, L. latifolia, L. maculata, L. Origanum vulgare, L. Ornithogalum arcuatum, Stev. Ornithopus en L. sativus, Orobanche elatior, Sutt. He minor, ramosa, L. Oryzopsis multiflorum, Benth. & Hook. f. Oxalis corniculata, L. Oxybaphus albidus, Sweet. nyctagineus, Sweet. Oxytropis ochroleuca, Bunge. Palaua dissecta, Bent. Pallenis spinosa, Cass. Panicum bulbosum, H. B. & K. capillare, 958 19 Panicum, cont. apulum, ie IP orientale, L. — var. bracteatum, (Lindl.). pavoninum, pilosum, Sibth. ` &Sm. Rh oeas, — var. latifolium, P ain. rupifragum, Boiss, eut. — var. atlanticum, Ball. somniferum, Paracaryum heliocarpum, Kern. Parietaria officinalis, L. Parnassia nubicola, Wall. palustris, Peganum Harmala, L. Pennisetum macrourum, Trin. Pentstemon barbatus, Roth. mpanulatus, Willd, confertus, Pongi diffusus, Doug ee: re "var. steno- lus, A. Gray. Haresvágti; Benth. laevigatus, Soland. var. Digitalus, A. Gray. ovatus, Doug pubescens, [o land. Petunia nyctaginiflora, Juss. aegopodioides, coriaceum, Reichb. f. gallicum, Latour, B2 Peucedanum ae cont. ns, Benth. offici sativum, “Benth, & Hook. f. a, Kurz. vérticillare, Spreng. dies bipinnatifolia, Miche. mpa ula ray. i, Torr, veru et Benth. viscida, 7' Whitlavia, “A. Gray. Phaenosperma globosa, Munro. Phalaris canariensis, L. tuberosa, L. Phaseolus multiflorus, a illd. ricciardianus, 7' tuberosus, Lours se vulgaris, L. Phleum asperum, Jacq. Boehmeri, W7bel. pratense, L. Phlomis agraria, Bunge. etigera ; tuberosa, L. umbrosa, Turez, viscosa, Poir. Phygelius capensis, X. Mey. Physalis gr L. Francheti, Masi ee L. Physochlaina orientalis, G. Don. Physostegia virginiana, Benth. Phyteuma canescens, Waldst. d: Kit. Halleri, All, nee eei orb: 6; Bene. All. spicatum «rp Phytolacea acinosa, Roxb, m e.n cont, ecandra, L. oc he ndra, L Picridium tingitanum, Desf. Picris echioides, L ieracioides, L. pauciflora, Willd. Pimpinella magna, L. Pisum arvense, L. elatius, Bieb. sativum, L. S Plantago arenaria, Waldst. Candollei, Rafin. Coronopus, L. C 3 ynops, Lagopus, L. mar itima, L. patagonica, Jac q. Platycodon grandifiorum,4.DC. Platystemon californicus, Benth. Pleurospermum angelicoides, Benth. Plumbago micrantha, Ledeb. Poa abyssinica, Jacq. alpina, L. arachnifera, Torr. nevadensis, Vasey. palustris, Roth. trivialis, L. violacea, Bell. Podolepis acuminata, R. Br. Podophyllum Emodi, Wa. Folemoninm Ser enit L. ride adiing Baker. Polemonium, cont. m anum, Ce; pa sncifloram, S. Wats. reptans Polygonatum biflorum, Kl. verticillatum, All. Polygonum aviculare, L. Bi L Convolvulus ee: Pers a, 4, Weyrichii, F. Schmidt. Polypogon maritimus, Willd. monspeliensis, Desf. - Polypteris texana, A. Gray. Portulaca grandiflora, Hook. o ‘ Potentilla alchemilloides, na (Tenore). : Mn Da sh. argyrophylla, Wall. ly 1, Boi iss. & Bal. Comarum, Nesil. collina, Wibel. etommasii, Tenore. digitata x flabellata. glandulosa, Lindi. gracilis, Dowgl. heptaphylla, a ill, hippiana, Lehn irta, kotschy ana, Penat- kurdica, Boi montenegrina, Pantoc. mooniana, Wight. ultifida, L. nevadensis, Boiss. pyrenaica, Ramond. ta, L , . — var. laciniata. — var. macrantha. — var. palmata. 21 ee cont, Nutt. eru n" 8 rupes re gear. Regel. TM Hort. var. mille- Sibbaldia, Hall. f. Visianii, Pa Bero ing "Fisch. d Mey. Poterium alpinum, S Kew. Sanguisorba, L. Pratia angulata, Hook. f. Preslia cervina, Fresen. Primula en L. denticulata, Si elatior, Hill. japonica, A. Gray. obeonica, Hance. a Poissoni, Franch. rosea, Royle. verticillata, Forsk. haee Huds. r. coerulea, ise a eme Jacq. r. laciniata, Hof. Bere reis; "M vulgaris, L. Psoralea macrostachya, DU. physodes, Hook. Pulicaria dysenterica, Gaertn. Pycnanthemum lanceolatum, Pursh. Pyrrhopappus carolinianus, DC. Queria hispanica, L. Ramondia pyrenaica, Wich. er as L. veni. id brutins, "Tenore. cauca easieus, Bieb. sch Find In are cont. Cy bee, Pursh. L. lanuginosus, L. ingua, muricatus, L. opo Oaol us. Vil. parviflorus, trilobus, Desf. Raphanus maritimus, Si. sativus, L. Rapistrum rugosum, Berger. Relhania sessiliflora, Thunbg. Reseda alba, L. Luteola, L odorata, L. capa "Boiss. & Reut. Rhagadiolus stellatus, Gaertn. Rheum collinianum, Baill. E Wall. modi al Franzenbachii, Muent. webbianum, Royle, Ricinus communis, L. Roemeria hybrida, DC. Rubia peregrina, L. tinctorum, L. Rudbeckia amplexicaulis, Vahl. digit: j hirta, L iniata, L. speciosa, Wender. Rumex alpinus, L. ucephalophorus, L. conglomeratus, Murr. crispu nepalensis, Spreng. 22 Rumex, cont. salicifolius, Wein. sanguineus, scutatus, L. vesicarius, L. Ruta graveolens, L. Sagina glabra, Fenzl. — var. pilifera, (Fenzt). Salpiglossis re is, Hook. var. grandiflor: sinuata, fonat & Pav. Salsola vex L. var Tragus, Salvia ee a, L. Beckeri, Trautv. cadmica, Boi. Co lumbariae, "Benth. Sa, 8 racteis violaceis. interrupta, "etg nubicola, a, Trautv, sehen, Stapf, Scla vi ». “= sylvestris, L. tiliaefolia, Vahl, vets Hance. Verbenaca, L Véssifis, L. virgata, Ait. viscosa, Jacq. Samolus Valerandi, L. Sanvitalia procumbens, Lan. grapes calabrica, Guss. cam lis E Ves . Saracha Jaltomata, Schlecht. Satureja montana, Ja. Saussurea Biber Hook. f. & T'hoi discolor: DC. laximowiczii, Herd. Sei sie Aizoon, t Gai (Br uegg.). c ar iner — var. rota z caesia, L. caespitosa, L. cartilaginea, Willd. cochlearis, Reichb. Cotyledon, L, pyramidalis, inmanni, (Tausch). erosa, Pursh — var. altissima, (Kern.). — var. macnabiana, Hort. hypn ds — I. ta, Be r. lantoscana, (Boiss. & Rais, mertensiana, Bongard. pelis Torr. & Gra y. rotundifolia, L. — var. hirsut sarmento ^ Sibthorpii, Boiss. trifurcata, Schrad. umbrosa, L. — var. gracilis. Scabiosa amoena, Jacq. arvensis, L. war tag 2, australis, Wulf. banatica, Waldst. & p^ brachiata, Sibth. & S en L. gramuntia, L. Btegrifulis L. isetensis, £L. 33 Scabiosa, cont. lancifolia, Zernat. macedonica, Vis. icra Desf. palaestina, L. Portae, Huter. prolifera, L. oe L. triniefolia, Rit ivald. vestina, Seandix Balansae, Reut. Schizanthus pinnatus, Ruiz & Pav, Schizopetalum Walkeri, Sis. Scilla amoena, L. bifolia, L. festalis, Salisb. hispanica, Mill. peruviana, sibirica, And CWS. verna, Huds. Scirpus de in E Miche. Holo € L mariti poly shyllnk Vahl. triqueter, L. | |! Scleranthus annuus, L. | Sclerocarpus uniserialis, Benth. & Hook. f. | Scopolia lurida, Dun. | Scorpiurus vermiculata, L. | Scorzonera hirsuta, L. villosa, Scop. re, Ea Gilib. here y. aquatica. chrysantha, Jaub. & Spach. nodosa, L. pere regrina, Z Scorodonia, L. sylvatica, "Boi ss. & Heldr. vernalis, L. | Scutellaria albida, L. alpina, L. Scutellaria, cont. altissima, baicalensis, Georgi. galericulata, L. Securigera Coronilla, ZL. Sedum FER L. album ae L. caeruleum, Vahl. hispanicum, Z. hybridum, Mis maximum, Su — Var, eect S roseum, Scop. beter L. villos wallichianum, Hook. f. & Thoi Selinum Gmelini, Bray. tenuifolium, Wali. Sempervivum arvernense, Lecoq on otte, Boissieri, Hort bogaan Billot & Gren ee; Fisch mettenianum, Schnittsp. Hort. Pomellii, Lamotte. Royeni . speciosum, Taine tectorum, L. — var. Ticinum Hort. Verloti, Lamotte. Senecio adonidifolius, Loisel. ineraria " P diversifolius, Wall. Ss f japonicus, Sch. Bip. Kaempferi, macrophyllus, Bieb. nemorensis, L. ualidus, Z. suaveolens, EN, viscosu s L. v- jhi etes coronat Ad. Gmelinii, Ledeb. bs "ande Desf. mee Bieb. tinctoria, Sesamum indicum, L. Seseli annuum, L. elatum, L. osseum, Crantz. Setaria glauca, Beauv. verticillata, Beauv. viridis, Beauv. Sida Napaea, Cav. Sidalcea candida, A. Gray. Sideritis scordioides, L. Siegesbeckia orientalis, L. Silene alpestris, Jacq. Armeria, L. chloraefolia, Sim. var. swer- tifolia. chromodonta, Boiss. & eut, ciliata, Pourr eretic echina longiflora, Ehrh. peine dn Vis. Muscipula, noctiflora, L nutans, L. obtusifolia, Willd. pendula, L. T Silene, cont. cote L. T diete verecunda, S. Wats. vesiculifera, J. Gay. Siler trilobum, Scop. Silphium perfoliatum, L. imum, EU. . sea trifoliatum, L — var. ternatum, Retz. Silybum eburneum, Coss. Marianum, Gaertn. Sisymbrium assoanum, Losc. & Pard. austriacum, Jacq. multifidum, Willd. polyceratium, L. Sophia strictissimum, Z. Sisyrinchium Mill. striatum, Si. Sium latifolium, $. nipponicum, Maxim. mE racemosa, Desf. ta, Desf. Puymianm — L. perfoliatum, L. lien; Mill. Solanum etuberosum, Lindl. guineense, Lain. * i 4 m, z villosum, Willd. Solenanthes lanatus, 4.DC. angustifolium, 35 Solidago eir Ait. canadensi Drum mondi, Torr. & Gray Ws S, Ai lomerata, Michx. fithospormifpiti. Willd. Virgaurea, L. Sonchus oleraceus, L. palustris, L Sorghum vulgare, Pes. Sparganium simplex, Huds, Spartina polystachya, Willd. Specularia see d A DC. hybrida, DC. f. Spergula arvensis, £L. Sphaeralcea rivularis, Torr. Spinacea oleracea, L. Spiraea Aruncus, L. Filipendula, L. TEFA ze gt ds. -— intermedia. aint, E arvensi Betonica, Benth. grandiflora, Benth. setifera , C. A. Mey. sylvatica, L. Statice bellidifolia, Gouan. Bor idu estib. Limon te, "Gir ard. sinuata, subpu bera, Hort. Suworowi, . Regel. Thouini, Viv. | Stevia serrata, Cav. Stipa Aristella, L. pala Ody», Wahlenb. a, L. rin. viridula, 7'rin. Swertia cordata, Wall. perennis, L. Symphyandra Hofmanni, Pant. pendula, A. Wanneri, Heu ff. Symphytum peregrinum, Ledeb. Synthyris reniformis, Benth. Tagetes erecta, L. patula, L. pusilla, H.B «€ K. Tamus communis, L. Tanacetum vulgare, L Taraxacum gymnanthum, DC. Teesdalia nudicaulis, Br. regularis, Sm. Telephium Imperati, L. Tellima grandiflora, R Br. io nn L'Herit. expansa, Mu Teucrium Arduini, L. ureum, Schreb. Botrys, L. canadense, L. Chamaedrys, L. montanum, L. multiflorum, L. Scorodonia, L. Thalictrum angustifolium, L. minus, "aed collinum, ( Wallr.) elatum, (Jacq Bee flexuosum, (Bern. — var.pubescens,(Schleie E 26 Thalictr d £ po, purpurascens, por men ji): cages Gren, & Godr. squarrosum, Stephan. Thaspium trifoliatum, A. Gray. Thelesperma filifolium,A. Gray. Thermopsis caroliniana, M. A. Curtis. Thladiantha dubia, Bunge. Thlaspi arvense, L. kot I Boiss. latifolium, perfoliatum, L. Tinantia fugax, Scheidw. | Tolmiea Menziesii, Torr. & | Gray. Tolpis barbata, Gaertn. Trachelium caeruleum, Z. Trachymene pilosa, Sm. Tragopogon major, L. pratensis, L. Tragus racemosus, Hall. Tricholepis furcata, DC. Tridax trilobata, Hems/. Trifolium agrarium, Z. | hybridum, Z. | incarnatum, Z. | lappaceum, Z. | leucanthum, Bieb. maritimum, Huds. | medium | multistriatum, Koch. | pannon | Portat nodd, | Godr. l pratense, L. procumbens, L. 28 ren. Trifolium, cont. purpureum, Loisel idum, Greene repens, L. resupinatum, L. r L Ins dA ne Lindl. Triglochin maritimum, Z. P b ese ea L. a eg: Bois Foenu in-graecum, L. ridi Bois polycerata, fy Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb. Tripteris cheiranthifolia, Schultz. Trisetum flavescens, Beauv. Triticum Aegilops, Beauv. monococcum, wiper Hor nem. vulgare, Vill Tritonia Pottsii, Benth. reine aduncum, Sin. majus minus, 5 Troximon chilensis, Benth. d Hoo grandiflorum, A. Gray. laciniatum, A. Gray. T — baise Sc T axifraga, Scop Typha angustifolia, L. latifolia, L. stenophylla, Fisch. & Mey. Uniola latifolia, Mich. Urospermum picroides, Desf. 21 Ursinia pulchra, N, E. Br. Urtica membranacea, Poir. pilulifera, — var. balearica, (zs). — var, Dodarti, (L.) thunbergiana, Sieb. & Zuce. — haac ug xaltata, Gitan). pies. sambu cifolia, (Mikan). Phu, Z. Valerianella carinata, Loisel. coronata, D a, Poll. vesicaria, Moench, Vella annua, L. Venidium perfoliatum, Less. Verairum nigrum, L. Verbascum Chaixii, Vill. Lychnitis, Z phlomoides, L. pulverulentum, Vill. sinuatum, L. Thapsus, L: Verbena a Miche. Aublet i = B. bonariensis, L. caroliniana, Mich.r inalis, ‘urticifolia, L. Verbesina helianthoides, Michx. Veronica aphylla, L. austriaca, L. Bidwillii, Hook. f. al Maud. Veronica, cond. saxatilis, Scop. picata, dee virgin ic a, Ir — var. EUER (Steud.). Vesicaria grandiflora, Hook. Vicia amphicarpa, Dorth. ar eyr. nod ater Des Crae disperma, DC. denn — equina, (Steud.). julgens, Batand, gigantea, Hook. melanops, RER d Sm. narbonen š pratensis, "Mort. pyrenaica, Pourr. L. ca, L. uga, Lu Braun. VUE Roth Vincetoxicum Reichb. f. nigrum, Moench. officinale, Moench. Viola cornuta, L. elatior, Fries. fuscatum, 28 Viola, cont. hirta, L. Jooi, Janka. utea, Huds. odorata, L. palustris, Z. mene Mert. & Koch. pubese Ait rotnndifoli, Mi iche. tricolor, L. Volutarella Lippii, Cass muricata, Benth. d Hook. f: Wahlenbergia dalmatica, A. DU. lobelioides, Link. serpyllifolia, Hort. Kew. tenuifolia, A.DC. Waitzia aurea, Steetz. Xanthisma texanum, DC. Xanthium spinosum, Z. strumarium, L. Dop eeen gymnosper- oides, Benth. & Hk. f. Xeranthemum annuum, L. Zaluzianskya capensis, Walp. Zauschneria californica, Presl. - Ziziphora tenuior, L. Zygadenus elegans, Pursh. TREES Acanthopanax Seem. Acer gg 5 — var. aetn — var. dolis. Wallr. circinatum, Pursh. cori tet "Tausc. h. m, Fisch. & Mey. insigne, Bois, & Buhse. japonicum, Thunb. Lobelii, 7enore. AND sessiliflorum, SHRUBS. Acer, ce er cdi Pursh. miei 2: tione tatari Ailantus Se oo Desf. Alnus cordifolia, A e. glutinosa, G^; subcordata, C. A. Mey. viridis, DC. Amelanchier n Nutt. canadensis, Torr. & Gray. vulgaris, Moench. Amorpha canescens, Nutt, fruticosa, L. Andromeda polifolia, L. Arbutus pa S L. esii, Pur sh. Brake, L. Arctostaphylos preng. — var. californica. Aucuba japonica, Thunb. Berberis aetnensis, Presl. angu Wall. Aquifolium, Pur. — var. P p TUR Nichols. — var. murrayana, Hor — var. umbellata. iie iir Lain nadensis, Puy ‘sh. concinna, 4m d Sieboldii, Mig. — var. foliis purpureis. wallichiana, DC. Betula alba, Z — var. pubescens, Loud. U va-Ursi, 29 Betula, cont corylifolia, Regel & Maxim. davurica, Pall. thing he eg Pall gr ben] Regel, Nimis, Schrenk. lenta, L. lutea, Mich. nana, pa yrifera, Marsh. popim Marsh. pumila, L. var. gg eepe Sieb. & Zuce Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Reichb. Buddleia interpa, Carr, japonica, Hemsl variabilis, Hem sl. Buxus sempervirens, 7;. latifolia. — var. prostrata. Calluna vulgaris, Salisb. Calophaca wolgarica, Fisch. Calycanthus occidentalis, Hook. & Arn, Caragana arborescens, Lam. — var. Redowskii. aurantiaca, Koehne. brevispina, Royle. rutescens, microphylla, Lam. pygmaea, DC. Carmichaelia australis, R. Br. Carpinus Betulus, E: — var. inci caroliniana, Walt. orientalis, Mill. Cassandra calyeulata, D. Don, Cassinia fulvida, Hook. f. leptophylla, Hort. Catalpa cordifolia, Jaume. Ceanothus americanus, L. Arnoldi, Hort. azureus, Desf. grandiflorus, Hort, Ceanothus, cont, integerrimus, Hk. & Arn. papillosus, Torr. & Gray. Celastrus articulatus, Thunb. Celtis sericis L occidentalis, L. To hielo Lam. Cistus hirsutus, Lam. laurifolius, Z. salvifolius, £L. vaginatus, Ait. Cladrastis amurensis, Benth. Clematis aethusifolia, Turez. campaniflora, Brot. fusca, Tu? lanuginosa, "Lindt. orientalis, las songorica, Bunge. Vitalba, L. Viticella, L. var. alba. ; rubra. Clethra acuminata, Michx. alnifolia, L. — var. Michauxii. apes arborescens, L. d d. ple rg Boiss, Conyza ivaefolia, Less. Coriaria japonica, A. Gray. Cornus alba, L. pean re op Am um, Paileyi i, Cott, 1 Evans. en Benth. 8, L. pubescens, Nutt. er M icha. Coronilla Emerus, L, Corylus rostrata, Ait. Pitcheri, Torr. & Gr ay. var. asiosty lis. 30 Crataegus — L; | Cotoneaster affinis, Lindl. bacillaris, Wall. — var. floribunda, Hort. i lucida, Schlecht. microphylla, Wall. Nummularia, 2 s um & Mey. pannosa, Fra rotundifolia, Walt. Simonsii, Baker. thymifolia, Baker. Carriérei, Vauvel. chlorosarca, Ma. rin. coccinea, —var. macracantha, Dudley. cordata, Crus-Galli, b. — var. splendens, Lodd. Douglasii, Lindl. flava, Ait heterophylla, is ok monogyna, Jac nigra, Waldst. p? Kit. orientalis, Pall. — var. sanguinea. oxyacanthoides, Thuill. pentagyna, Kit. pinnatifida, a 93 punctata, Jac Pyrac antha, Po A eu ae all. a, Boi. tanacetifolia, Pers. mentosa, re Muench. Cryptomeria japonica, D. Don Cupressus lawsoniana, Murr. nootkatensis, Lam alosa, D. Don. — var, corneyana, Cytisus albus, L. biflor im T Her it. capitatus, Jacq. rivales Degen, nigrican pra sulphureus. aan L. Daboécia polifolia, D. Don. Desmodium viridiflorum, Beck. Deutzia crenata, Sieb. & Zucc. Diervilla hortensis, S. & Z. sessilifolia, Buckl. — var. splendens. Dorycnium suffruticosum, Vill. Eecremocarpus scaber, Ruiz 4 Pav. Elaeagnus angantos; L. multiflora, Thunb. umbellata, Thunb. Erica cinerea, L. Š > Escallonia exoniensis, Hort. punctata, DC. ubra, Pers. Euonymus rb onte L. — var. ureus, ee Boa: nan s, Bie boe Nutt. Exochorda Alberti, Regel. Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. Ornus, L. Gaultheria procumbens, L pyrolaefolia, Hook. f. Shallon, Pursh, 31 Gaylussacia resinosa, Torr. d Gray. Genista aethnensis, DC. pilosa, L. sagittalis, 8, L. tinctoria, L. var. elatior. virgata, Halesia corymbosa, Nichols. tet Hedera Helix, L. Hedysarum multijuga, Maxim. Helianthemum canum, Dunal, ormosum, Dunal. halimifolium, Willk. —. var. mutab — var. rhodanthum. Hippophaé rhamnoides, L. Hydrangea arborescens, L. H irae var, acumi- nata, A. G paniculata, Sieb. E Luce. petiolaris, Sieb. & Zuce. pubescens, Decne. radiata, Walt. Hymenanthera crassifolia, Hook. f. Hypericum Androsae mam, L. 4 L. densiflorum, Pursh. elatum, Ait. ei Thunb. hircinum — var. hookerianum, Wight & Arn. Jacq pat prolifieum, L. Ilex Aquifolium, L. verticillata, A. Gray. — var. fructu luteo. Indigofera gerardiana, Wall. hebepetala, Benth. Jasminum fruticans, L. humile, Z. Juniperus chinensis, L. i 1 4 excelsa, Bieb. Sabin ‚4 sphaerica, Lindi. Kalmia angustifolia, L. — var. nana. latifolia, L. Laburnum alpinum, J — var. biferum, Hort. — vulgare, J. S. Pre. -— beh ions Trautv, ropaea, DU. leptolepis, Mia. Ledum gie Ait. palustre, L. Lespedeza goei Turez. Stuvei, Nut Leucothoe Catesbaei, A. Gray. —. Torr. racemosa, A. Gray. a. formosa, Wall. Ligustrum Ibota, Sieb. —var. regelianum. sinense, Lour. vulgare Lindera Benzoin, Blume. Liriodendron tulipifera, L. ae alpigena, L. gustifolia, T Wall, Caprifolium, L, . S. Presl. nee cont. santha, Turez. japonica, Thunb. aximowiczii, Maxim. Morrowii, A. Gray. nigra, L. obovata, Royle. rn tat Periclymenum, L. — var. minc es Pau ori Lavallée Sullivan Gr syringantha, M. a: din tatar arica, d. Xylosteum, L. Lupinus arboreus, L. Lyonia paniculata, Nutt. Magnolia tripetala, L. Menispermum canadense, L. Menziesia globularis, Salisb. Microglossa albescens, C. B. Clarke. Morus nigra, L. Myrica carolinensis, Mill. cerifera, L. Gale, L. Myricaria germanica, Desv. Neillia amurensis, Benth. € Hoo opulifolia, cardi & Hook. Torreyi, Wa Olearia Haastii, Hook. f. macrodonta, Baker. Ononis aragonensis, Asso. rotundifolia, L. Oxydendron arboreum, DC. Pernettya mucronata, Gaudich. Petteria ramentacea, Presl. oo acuminatus, inge. coronarius, L, Philadelphus, cont. — var. to omentosus, Hook. ` f. & Thoms. gordonianus, Lindl. grandiflorus, Willd. Lewisii, Pursh. Satsumi, Siebold. Photinia variabilis, Hemsl. Picea Glehni, F. Schmidt. sitchensis, Trautv. & Mey. Pieris d D. D mariana, Benth. 4 gy dee Cembra, L. monticola, Dougl. euke A pondero a, Dougl. nunbedil Parl. Piptanthus nepalensis, Sweet. Platanus acerifolia, Willd. occidentalis, L. orientalis, L. Populus deltoidea, Marsh. nigra, L. Potentilla fruticosa, L. salesoviana, Steph. Prunus acida, Borkh. var. sem- perflorens. — "sh. Amygdalus, Stokes. tiaca, Chair. cerasifera, rh, demissa, Walp. Lauroe ocerasus, L. var. col- ica. emere. L. f. Mahaleb, L. maritima, Wangenh. nigra pan Be Ehr h. : Ptelea trifoliata, L. eo. Pus a key arbutifolia, a 958 33 Pyrus, cont. Aria, L. — var. graeca, Boiss. Aucuparia, Gaertn. baccata, L. betulaefolia, Bunge. canescens, ‘ communis, Cydonia, decaisneana, 3 ichols. a ents german a Hook, intermedia, Ehrh. japonica, Thunb. lobata, Nichols. longipes, Coss. & Durieu. , Jacq. , pinna atifida, Ehrh. prunifolia, Willd. Ringo, Maxim. rotundifolia, Bechst. sikkimensis, Hook. Rhamnus Alaternus, L. — var angustifolius. catharticus, L. crenata, Sieb. & Zuce. Frangula, L libanoticus, Boiss. -purshianus, DC. Rhododendron cinnabarinum, Hook. ferrugineum, L. myrtifolia, Lodd. ponticum, L. — var, cheiranthifolium. — lancifo Hum. punctatum, A Rhodotypus kerrioides, Sieb. & Zucc. Rhus Cotinus, L. Rhus, cont. glabra, L. Toxicodendron, L. typhina, L. Ribes nn L ar. pumilum, Hort. ren Pursh. — var. aurantiacum minus, ei : var. tenuiflorum, Torr. cereum, Dougl. divaricatum , Dou fasciculatum, Si b. A Zucc. Gross a, L. lern Waldst. & Kit. petraeum, Wulf. robustum, Hort. ru "d 78 — var. Sei eis enge Pur. urn, Hort. — var. carneum. Robinia Pseudacacia, L. Rosa acicularis, Lindl. agrestis, Savi. lba, L. alpina, L. — var. pyrenaica, Gouan. arkansana, beggeriana, Schrenk, var. ped: blanda, bin i carolina, L. — var. a A momea, L damascena, Mill. Fendleri, Crépin. ferox, Bieb. ferruginea, Vill. foliolosa, Nutt. gallice uL hibersius; a. hispida, Sim humilis, Marek; — var. triloba. involuta, Sm. var. Wilsoni, 4 undzilli, Besser. 34 Rosa, cont. lucida, Ehrh. lutea, Mill. macrophylla Lüsn iflora rubiginosa, L. rugosa, Sieb. & Zuce. — var. calocarpa. sericea, Lindl. spinosissima, L. webbiana, Wal wichuraiana, Ordpin. Rubus affinis, Weihe d: Nees balfourianus pe bt a Bunge. fu glandulosns, Bell. Guentheri, Weihe & Nees. hystrix, Weihe & Nees. Koehleri, W. & N. laciniatus, Willd. Rubus, cont. melanolasius, Focke. en L. ratus, varvitolfos phoenicolasius, Maxim. pubescens, Auct. Angl. ramosus, Blox. een W. & N. scaber, Weihe d: Nees. spectabilis, Pursh. Sprengelii, Weihe : Nees. suberectus, Ander. thyrsiflorus, Weihe & Nees. Imifolius, Schott villicaulis, W. & villosus, A i. xanthocarpus, Franch. Ruta graveolens, L. Sambucus canadensis, L. glauca melanocarpa, A. Gray. nigra, L. racemosa, L. — var. serratifolia. Smilax rotundifolia, L. Spartium junceum, L. Spiraea enn ud Pall. expan: eem EY. labrata, Nichols. lindleyans, Wall. notha, Zabel. 35 Spiraea, cont. salicifolia, L. sorbifolia, L. tomentosa, L. Staphylea pinnata, L. A ge Sue Heyeri, Dippel. p var. ciliatus, Bh s ao racemosus, Michx rotenditoltok, A. Gray. "A ape Wall. . rosea, Cornu. pennak, Rupr. persica, L. Tamarix tetrandra, Pall. Taxus baccata, L. cuspidata, Sieb. & Zucc. Tecoma radicans, Juss. Thuja gigantea, Nutt. ni orientalis, L. Tilia argentea, Desf. cordata, Mill. piiois DC. platyphyllus, Scop. vulgaris, Hayne. Ulex europaeus, L. nanus, Forst. Ulmus campestris, L. T sponser: c ram corymbos — var. 8i in A. Gray. um, Michz. ovatum, Pursh. pensylvanicum, Lam. Viburnum acerifolium, L burejaeticum, Regel & erd. cassinoides, L. dentatum, Z. 36 Viburnum, cont. Vitis, cont. dilatatum, Thunb. — Mi iq. ntana, L. ’ Labrusca, L. molle, Michz. riparia, “Mi cha: nudum, L. vinifera, L. var. laciniosa. Opulus, L. prunifolium, L. Widdringtonia Whytei, Rendle. Tinus, L. Y Bi er obia specio on Vitis aestivalis, Michx. Euer và ee, amurensis, Ruprecht. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX II.—1899. NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1898. e number of garden plants annually described in botanical and horticultural er both English and foreign, is now so considerable that it has been thought desirable to m a complete list of Qiii in the Kew Bulletin each y The following list comprises all the new itkcilnetiods we er during 1898. These s sís are indispensable to the maintenance ith a sosmily provided with horticultural ae, Such a buted from it in the Forth irem of hiene with other botanic gardens The present list includes not only plants brought into cultivation for the first time during 1898, but the most noteworthy of those which.have been re-introduced after being lost from cultivation. Other plants included in the list may have been in gardens for several years, but either were ad Catan or their names had ` not been authenticated until rec In addition to species and odia varieties, all hybrids, Whether introduced or of garden origin, with botanical names, and described for the first time in 1898, are included. It has not been wo gap desirable, however, to give authorities E the names of garden hybrids in such genera as Cypripedium, &c. Mere garden varieties of such plants as Coleus, seed or Narcissus are omitted for obvious reasons. In every case the pent. is cited under its published name, although some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where, however, a correction has persil desirable, this is m The name of the e person in whose ess the plant was first noticed or described is given where kno 4202—1375—11/99 Wt92 D&S 29 4 38 An asterisk is Lice idm to all those plants of which examples are in cultivation at Kev The publications fon which this list is compiled, with the abbreviation used to indicate them, are as follows :—5D. D.— Bulletin de L'Herbier Boissier. . N.—Bulletin du Museum i - M— Botanical Magazine. B. T.O. ana di Orticultura. Gard.— c DER Eo J. B.—Journal de Botanique. J. H.— Journal of Horticulture. = HE: ee de la Société nudi le d'hortieulture de Frane K. B.—Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Ga iE Kew. ZL.—Lindenia. Lem. lles. M. D. G.—Mitteilungen der D M. K. —Monatss schrift für O. R.—Orchid Review. AR. H. BER vue e R. H. B.— Revue de er Belge. — Cat.—L. Späth, General Nursery Catalog ZL—L maine Horticole. W. G.— S. Wiener Illustrirte asm Zettdhg. The een in the descriptions rd € plants are :— diam.— Diameter. ft.—Foot or Feet. G. iste use, H.—Hardy. H. H.—Half- ds in.—Inches. $.—Sto *Acalypha godseffiana, M.T.M c3 Us 1898, CG. CU. 1898, xiii, 241, f. 87.) Mc: 1 of milar v argo Alocasia Fpäuiablib. xxiv. 293.) A to St 3: c Duy: sme; y ae yellow. new naiita, (F. Sander 0.) A, 41 n Ch. t 61 9) Orchidacew. his differs from the t in having the lateral lobes of the lip and the outside of the sepals white. Malayan hi- pelago. c Horticulture Internationale, Redken os an 839 Acer Negundo californicum au- reum. (2. H.1898, go 2i pag sige A form of the rnian Box Elder with golden em prendre & Son, Ussy, Calvados, France.) * Aceras bolleana, Siehe. (G. t. 1898, iii., 365, f. 133.) Orchidacer k and r Asia Minor, "W. Siehe, Meine) Asanmers ore Rendle. ios g xxiv Iridaceæ siis with utet tabe 4 e 5 2 long ; perianth white or faintly-tinged Th rose purple ; stamens half as long as Bem So i- land, (Cam T B. G HE metallie green, vei and grey, the underside dark purple. "s Veitch & Sons Alocasia wavriniana, M. T. Masters. (@. C. 1898, di; du, f. 89.) e stalks purplish spotted with Celebes. (F, Sander & Co.) a p Baker. ves d7in.wide, . d A: long inal tr nra freely . rl coral . . Hanbury, G. C. f sub- Amomum Aumispharleum, J Be (B. 7592.) Scitamin wide, green above, claret red benea . Peduncle stout, 8 in. long, erect, ne: ing direct from the ‚runs sheathed and bearing a glo and yellow flowers arround by large dull- m bracts, Java. (Kew.) "Ànemopsgma carrerense, Armi- NS. flourns: ef AS I9 188.) Bign ing shrub, wi DES citron Bello k flowers, nearly related to 4. racemosum, Mart. Trinidad, oo ee (e. e ke 33.) eg in habit een reniforme, but aged much thicker, stalks 1 to 3 in. long, blade brittle, or across, glaucous green, — inct tema [Scolapendriun per *Adenophora Potanini. (Gf. 1891, 584, f. 118.) Campanulacez. ranching aces with PN bell - shaped, (Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.) dantem homaioyatim, (&. C. 1898, x 124.) Filices. S. Sone pM of A, euneatum. (H. B. May.) Zichmea —— x in 1898, t. rip Bro species near i "Eae - rosea `~ and Æ. he but with violet-blue racts, &c., soft rose Brazil. (Breslau u B. G.) Aerides ledouxianum. c. C. 1898, xxiv. 134.) Orchi Said to similar to 4. rper No des- cription, (R. Le Doux.) Alocasia plumbea. ie C. 1898, xxiii., 254.) voco S. es large e, dark Ib. EH vam lish petioles, b.? De oet DEM, Ghent.) Anthurium erystallinum illustre. (G. C. 1898, xxiv., 293 ; 417, f. 119.) races, ives blotched with VEMM: Apparently the same as var. e ems introduced in 1893. (R. Gulzow.) p balfouriana. 250 raliace (G. C 1005 æ. S. Leav th white edges. "F. Sander & Co.) 39 * Areca Ilsemanni. (e. . C, 1898, xxiii., ea rich green, Pacific Isles. p; Sander & Co.) B. 1898, y es allied A. speciosum, A. €— and A. eostatum, but in the very long-tai D spathe. (Berlin B. G) Arum Eggeri. Cex. . Nearly allied to or identical with A. spectabile or A. Dios- coridis, (Krelage & Son, Haarlem.) asisas Lackneri. (X. 86.) Araceæ. 8. species (S. H. 1898, 395) . Mi iefor Asparagus Sprengeri Laeta. 8 (@. €. 1898, xxiv., 445.) Differs from the e type Aut in T dw habit, never exceeding 18 in. in sas May.) (H. B. Aspen Sprengeri Yaa C. 1898, xxiii., 250.) A form with silvery variegated phylloclades. M, Rigout, Ghent.) boten og enger v @. 5 "t 43.) Liliacex te borne on a stem destit e of scales, Cilicia and Cappadocia, (W. Siehe.) * Asphodeline — Siehe. (6. C. 1898, xxiii., 111 "n with cii ri rats “Mount St. Basil, gsarem, Siehe.) "Me dammeriana, Siehe. C. 1898, xxiii., 111. H. quem Se vem ‘inflorescence bearing white flowers and Cappadocia, (W. Siehe ber Re isthmocarpa, F 1898, xxiii., un, has à f. 44.) oF stricted in the middle. "ient 5 fi "Cilicia and Cappadocia, (W.S * Asplenium Mayi. S C. 1898, xxiii, SA f. 140) Filices. Described A2 as a pretty fern, with dark g am shining, pinnate, dentate ehe hard texture. (H. B. May.) ee — cae ce ae (G. ; 35 un ke with’ Sie: ne portion of the fronds lobed or pinna- tifid and ch is reproduced tru from spores. N, Queensland, (Kew.) "e MEET murem c Gf. 1 5 153 meliacez, S. ye en highs 1 een 2. nutans and Saundersii, | (Georg Kittel, Hokersdort, Silesia.) Boucerosia munbyana es were (J. B. 1898, 251.) Asclepiadac A form with narrow corolla- lobes, Caravaca, Spain, (A. de Coincy.) coa oo gans. (0. R.1898,30.) Orchidacex, hybrid betw a Brassia l indleyana and Laosai, ya elegans, (Sir Trevor Lawrence.) M rium Perte à (K. B. s , 193 fe R. 1898, 303.) Orchidac w species allied to B. wen um En ovoid, in. long ; leaf elliptic, leathery, 2 in long; scape ; g one pale een, own-spotted flower 2 in across, the sepals ovate, concave, the petals longer, narr nd recurved, p fleshy recurved, with reflexed toothed margins. Assam. (Glasnevin.) ee mA R.Br. (B. M.t. 30.) Orchidace G, A small ter- ustralia and Tasmania (Kew.) u. fusi (a. - un. xxiii., 50) P “A pinnate leaved rior a with smite spines.” Hab.? (F. Sander & Co.) "Calandrinia Tweed A, Gray (Gard. 1898, liii., 420.) Portulacacem. ufted Pam nt, with thick fleshy leaves. The flowers are quen red in bud, flesh dem edged w bronze when fully expanded. Orage. Calanthe labrosior. (0, R. 1898, 374.) Orchidace», S “A new hybrid 40 with white er oa with blush on the lip a e primrose base." (Sir T er . a Hook. f, (B. M. nose. S. Allied to a Vise phate but with larger leaflets and a looser habit. It forms a bush with spreading b m, brown bark and bipinnate leav pinne linear oblong, red-brown win you Flowers in dense heads 2} in. diam., bright erie: Mexico. "(Kew w.) pt Rin Purdyi. (G. C. 1898, ioi 395, f. 147.) Liliaces. H. s with silvery (R. Wallace & Co.) an Ks, Endl. GA C. 1898, xxiv., 33.) volvulacee. H, “ Re- aphical form of our C. sepium.” Norfolk Island. (Cambridge B. G.) eget entrants C. Koch. (@ , 424.) Campanu- sin wat plant wi with creamy white flowers, Armenia, (Max Leichilin.) soon MAE Angie 7 bell- xand fovit petals folded, giving ae appearance of a small club, Brazil, (Kew.) sary ^ am (Gf. ets 481, t, 54.) be onsite ig À garden ybr id æmpferi ce CURAS (i Späth. SA oe Cattleya aurea. (Z. tt. 598, ei S, Orchidaceæ. In the work quoted t the following forms are fi auran- tiaca, chotekiana, grandi; redit musaiea, splendens, (L. Linden Mortebeek, Belgium.) Cattleya dowiana imschootiana. (0. R, 1898, 334.) 8. sepals and petals white (W. S. McMillan. parh hardyana fanyauiaas. > EB X eire genen = wei of a sa p Co., Mortebeek, eisium, ) Cattleya luddemanniana Menu 98, 538.) S. flowered variety with a d throated lip, striped with es = and bordered with yellow. (Piret, Argenteuil.) x dr Á€—— (R. H, 95.) garden a n p ossiæ Y C. Forbesi. (G. antin, Orleans ay aes E Maroni. (0. E 1898, 351 ; 98. A C. 1898, xxiv., 332, 8. ved hybrid be vnda C. velutina and dowiana aurea. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.) Se Het. arden os eos as M nde is in ndicated by name. (Cappe « et fils Vésinet, Hoa Bh une am in 70.) A sets dm TTE rn oi Ch. t. with the sepals, petals ni a of the li bee the aie rend of end lip wavy k pale rong ais e. Qi fetten Tate a ende, Brus- re |. amabilis. (0. 169.) 8. A Me — flow -— ud dica Bd and deep or in the throat. (J. Veitch & Sons.) *Ceratolobus M nimm e A with long spines ; linear oblong, fa scioled. Hab. ? (CF. Sander & Co.) heu leptopodum, Prain. C. 1898, = iv. 33.) Papaverace®. specie Ad any habit bearing numerous m sized flowers ina Chonarorhyacha —— Rolfe. (K. 1898, 303.) eur stellata. (6. €. 1898, 239 Com posite : reeling fo form of C. eruenta. (Sutton & Sons.) z nn gro high, the leaves king to long and broad, e yes = z aw yaar ap (W. Siehe.) —À Mer rni dir: aine m (L. 10.) Mr cud — sad R. 1898, nk larger rand more ne deepiy-ccloured x And rid between flowers than the type. C Ind, and E^ amethys- ge (T. W. Thornton.) Cologyne are T (K. B. Cattl 1898, 194; O. R. 1898, 303.) Orchidace. a gs eese (Qr. t. 612.) B. S. A new species "i llied to MA ee The wing varieties are here cr ge n. long ; fated, pho osea, bicolor, cincta. ves 6 in. 1 ide ; Me (L. Linden & Co., Brussels) ur flowers erae Pen white with a brown blotoh on the ity. Cattleya Trianw samyana. (Z.t. | Trop. Asia. (J. W. Moore) rm with very light- dos tbt apii and petals; | E o i fe pete Baker. (G. C. lip viole i oe ear | xxiii., Labi u, X en ef samen ienee CL. t ea ith lilac ; disk Won w striped with gold stad | Kreml: red. Co., Brussels.) CASOS). Ordi eed vett (8. = 8,215.) Ore tween as Ges por jy iced cochleatum. yt Mantin, Orleans.) Linden & ins | green leaves 2) in. wide and terminal hice spikes of bright blue flowers, roduced in winter. Brit. Cent. t. Africa. (Kew w.) bern — CG. C. 1898 liacex. G. Apparently ae = c george leaves dar qnid ally recurved. (J. Vei & Sons, Ltd.) Correvonia bellaerensis. (S.H. 1898, 346.) Orchidacem. 8. A garden hybrid between Brassovola Perrini picta and Cattleya guttata. (G. Man- tin, Orleans.) [ Brasso-cattleya. | osite. H. “ey peat. Deu with small fern like foliage. New H. Correvon, Geneva a.) = ey cn) Hook. f. (G. C. 50.) *Cotula squalida, Hook. be (G. 1898, xxiii. = Sag H. arf and creeping, w foliage inar Asplenium aun. New Z r= at. Correvon.) oo argues punc- CJ. 8, 43.) Orchi- "ed ers dà m hybrid — C. pig Wallacei and C. spie anum. (Peeters, Brussels.) (S. H. 1 ) A garden hybrid bien C. rothschildianum and C. Morganie. 0.) ae ig pics E rege (0. ee 374.) S. A garden hy M een the species in yt t . ir T. Lawrenoe. m ipedium — am abe rents of is hybrid’ are ilegal! br the name, Qt. Alfred Bleu, Paris.) ae a — (J. H. F. garden ona are - E iu su Curtisii. [M. Bert, caper an (Seine) j rare ere oe O'Brien. 18 A news . ies CC FF harlesworthii in form and C. pA Sandere in colour of flower. Shan States. (J. Charl Ww 0.) eA exoptatum. (J. H. A garden hybrid TA H Bern TARM an A isnin, (M. Bleu, Paris.) Cypripedium Gautieri. (J. H. F. 1898, 1105.) S. A garden hybrid betwee n C. callosum Mu C. leeanum. (Dr. F ss Neuilly-sur-Seine.) Cypripedium germinyanum su- perbum. (J. H. F. 1898,169.) 8. A i h; wn het C. hirsutis- simum and C, villosum, (Cappe et - fils, Vesinet.) - si a Cypripedium lawrenceanum gra- EE: 0. = 217.) 8. new form in f hyeanum, = E and Bauch “flushed with red. (S. Gratr Cypripedium leeano-chamberlaini- m. (4. = F. 1898, 50.) S. Said to be the firs t hybrid raised from C. vin y eg (M. Page, Bougival, France.) We cap wy Leonis. (J. = F. 1898, 961.) A garden hybrid between C. Ponatii and C. leeanum. (Cappe fils, Vésinet, France.) MEN are (I-H. E 1898, rden hybrid 'be- ween rà ipie ianum pm C. villosum. (Opoix, Paris.) uc rece po d (3 04.) uppos natural hybrid between C. d Bet C. rothsehildianum. Borneo. Cow E & Co.) 2 eue roseum. (J.H. F. 1898, A garden hybrid between € ee, asi C. Sallieri hyeanum, (Peeters, Brussels.) BET rothschildianum pla- tytoenium. (Z.t.623.) S. A form 1a Le gee petals, and more deeply- flowers than the type. CL. Lade & Co., Brussels.) sh a seer rn (J. He F, a 351.) arden eem be- ween C. s Sir a er C. chamber- ee, (Cappe et fils, Vesinet.) Cypripedium Bhipways. (S. H. 1898, 503.) ural hybrid between C. pe a - C. dayanwm. Borneo. (Col. Shipway.) Cypripedium md M. HF. 1898, 289. hybrid between Č. Moral and C insigne. M. Martin-Cahuza Cypripedium ee. anum. (S H. 1898, 114) S. A garden hybrid between n the two species indicated byt the name. (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, ce.) ipedium wiertzianum. (J. t. Orid S. A garden hybrid between C. rothschildianum En C. lawrence- n. (L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels.) "DEM j— CL. A garden hybrid pog and C. hay- € pA r risum superbum iculture Inter- naldia (L’Hort ee Brussel 8. (0. R. ,1898, ween (R. J. Oypripodium be cns 3.) S. A g n hybrid C. iet Se ee un c callosum. es.) Doe crm MENOR Engl. 7617 tuber ancle high oblong-lanceolate spadix much shorter than ane A oylindric, dark violet- purp Upper Guinea. (Kew.) *Dasystachys we Er (B. M. t. 7580 æ. 8. Clo raceme, 4 white flowers ih yellow Brit. Cent. Africa. (Kew.) Davallia EE effusa. (G. C. 1898, xxiii., ‚332 118.) Filices. 8. A robust var iety ‘with fronds 5 ft. long. (H. B. May.) Delphiniam — (1.1898, Ranuncu A rennial re inflorescence of bright blue flowers. Caucasus. (Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.) g of small anthers. Sopa cymbiforme, Rolfe. K. B. 1898, 192; 0. R. 1898, 302.) idacex. 8. dne allied erect D. hamatum, wit terete slender pseudobulbs 6-12 in. long, Np and flowered of flowers 1 in. straw - ee striped w ae pp dri tra. (L. Kienast, b) nn "imm sal- um. 1898, 0. S. Dusting? in A salmon pink instead of VEN. blotches on the labellum. 0.) (Low Dendrobium formoso-Lowii. 1808, 374) S. the species indica nee; (Sir T. Lawrence.) 43 gemein TRIN erm ds = € s dr ‘all i D. Appi. Stems terete, fleshy, a foot long ; lea PM 2 A n" .—n 4 lon bear coloured rer ellow "With streaks ed on the sides of the lip. ? Burma. (H. Grose-Smith.) Dendrobium gy ashworthia- num. O0. R. 8, 120.) An albino variety. (E. isnot th.) Dendrobium nobile Robson®. (0. variety with large brightly coloured. (J. Rob ee ge — ge £ «0. cribed by es and D. sculptu ite wers with an orange blotch on the tip (Low & Co. *Deutzia ee rosea. (lem Ont xifr € gar betw patti (male) aid D. Hisor ee (Lemoine, Nancy.) — — venusta. a HE B: eret nn D. gracilis — po D. discolor purpurascens, (Lemoine.) *Dianthus u sinensis. (Gere. — liv., 404. s ryophyllacez. ty uiia oft, high, with be Nea d orescence, and heavily fringed si lish - mauve flowers. China, tony dere mirabilis, Baillon. (@. C. ii f. 42. , 110, f. 42.) ? Sapindacez. S. ew genus of anomalous charac- ter. It has a succulent stem, suggest- ing Euphorbia, bearing long needle-like 8 an rrow fleshy leaves, The flowers said be produ in pendulous tufts nsist of three of alternate rose-coloured leaflets, agascar. (M. A. Grandidier.) Dieffenbachia eee ter (S. E 1898, xxiii., 254.) A Aracex. S. Sim to D. Me mani, but with leaves a es large and wi th spots confluent, (De Smet-Duvivier, Ghent.) RAE Hendersoni, Ae Gray. . 1898, liii., 246.) Primulacex. 4 ae dwarf i about 6 ge high bearing bri crimson flowers with a yellow rin 209008 JEUNE. (B. T. 0.1898, Ose. oa a in of ‘the widely culti- vated D. Lablab. (Angioli Pucci, Feat) *Dorstenia arabica, pe 1898, xxiii, 354.) Urt CG. 6. S. irm eshy, iur = pe vate wrinkled leaves, greyish green ; iiot- escence dise-like, an i e with ray- like yim Arabia. (Cambridge, Kew.) — cv eios p €. 1898, , 238.) S. XX A bro ad le aa en p^ p wu with yellow. (H. Low & Co 0.) Echinocactus denudatus, Link and Otto. x K. 1898, 36.) Cactacez. G. e are described the following variation :—andersohnianus, brunnowi- anus, etianus, heuschhelianus, meiblejohnianus, scheidelianus, wag- s, wieditzianus, (Ferd. Haage, ES — m ec 1898, xxiii., soi a) Osetia E garden hybrid tween Cattleya ya bowringiana and Epidendr "- radia- tum. (J. Veitch & Sons.) M pecie ÖFESREHEN: Rolfe. (K. 1898 19 1898, 303.) G. ri new species allied to Æ. cala marium, but dwarfer, the whole plant being less than 3° in. high. pu urple. Brazil. CE. Sander & Co.) rue Poo su (0. 1898, 198.) G. saina hy brid b between the two pte Ew by the name, (J. Veitch & Son ee e" (0. R. 1898, en). ino S. arden hybri eis Ss (Charles and E Soldendb ck radicans. worth & Co.) n name. Epilælia faleato-tenebrosa. (S. 7. 1898, 26.) S. A garden hybrid betwee: the species indicated by the (G. Mantin, Orleans.) 44 m en labra Eos: d M. S. asly allied “Psou do bu fleshy } in. long, p lip canary yellow fom purple. Borneo. (Kew.) ee I) Omelia s brac e spinose an scel Blake Nevada. CH. Correvon.) enter Douglasi, Laer 424 e& Schmidt Erfurt,) "apio Rn Lam. (@ 18.) Bnplorbinos, 8 *Feijoa sellowiana, Berg. (P. M : XXİV., 451, f. 125 7620; @. C. 1898, Myrtacem. S. idium-like plant, forming a shrub or Ema ee with numerous branches, ovate wers, ide , hairy ; corolla of 5 orbienlar, outside, blood red inside ; stam ve numerous, forming a pu rush-like matic, i zil Uruguay. (M. Ennis, Golf Y ie *Felicia vein 2% C. 1898, xxiii., 308.) À shrub with xe veg Leod ddp A. v cem. (M. 1898, 14.) Olea k wat bietet rigid, rather thorny bush with inconspicuous ry flowers and blue-black berri rica, *Furcrea mens (G. C. i xxiii, 242, f, 90.) Amaryllidacem. — Habit of F. gigantea; leaves bluish green banded with cream yellow Hab.? (Kew, iid F. Sander & DET ics T Aene — ii. (6. C. 1898, xiv., 467.) Amarylli- 'Ad distinct early penh ng ran Eni Mat flowers. sia ) Minor. (Whittall *Geonoma oid ea CG. (1898, xxiii, 258, f. 98.) Palme. S. Leaves dense sely t ufted, spi dak: "with short stalks, bilobed, Reve de ren | ribbed, bright gr CE. Sader & Co. ) tis: Tee eA T. diffusa.) Geranium maree kam (G. 284.) nia purple, streak New Zealand. (H. € — Em ern (@. C. 1898, cem, A similar veterem but with — Md leaves. Flowers Br orange yellow. Caucasus, (H. Correvon.) regen quartinianus superbus. wo type, yellow flushed with crimson. (Tillett.) Gunnera i Ape iet Oerst. E C. 1898, xxiv., 32.) oragida This species is here mentio "oe as pP ing = p Cambridge Botanic Garden. u, Gypsophila Bopi ter 1898, rennial Moser leaves iue small panicles of ther large light rose - colour flowers. Siberia. (H. Correvon, neva.) ee mem en pim, > lli- ae tree nd (F. Sangar & Co.) 898, xxi improved form." "Hemanthus Basen Baker A (K. B. 1898, 310. es *Hamamelis mollis, Vade e C 1898, Xxiv., 364 amelidacez. H. This large broad leaves densely clothed beneath with elt-ike mass of stellate hair Veitch & Sons, L TIS Saale d ^ i ositz, owers Helianthus, California, (Kew) BE Davyi, ranis = B. 226.) Liliace G. ew 8E closely allied d H. yucca, afolia ong te. California? ip Beiere ar: aati. California. "ELT De — OR 1005 79.) Com arf- habit d the well-known Sanvitalia procumbens. nia. [The correct name o of this ty ) ee Fe) A.Gray.] (Dammann & vi citatum (B. M. t. 129) differing only in having the margins of ower Pierii plain. Seape 2 ft high, bearing an umbel of flowers, each 4 in. long, 2j wide, white, band ith cri Monte Video. *Huernia somalica, E. B (K. B. 1898, 309; G. C. 1898, xxi, 354.) sclepiadac s xn species allied to H. oculata. Ste in. long, rdg th acute th ; flowe tee pedice long cam mulate, “A in. nt en brown- pape with yellow spots on the Somaliland. (Cambridge, "Hyacinthus azureus, Baker var. gigan nteus. (G. C. 1898, xxiv., 190, f. 52.) Liliacee. H. A large form from Moun uris in Northern Cilicia. (W. Siehe.) *Incarvillea grandiflora. (6. C. 1898, xxiv., 8.) Bignoniacex. G A new species similar to Z. vene but | with shorter leaves and lea and a men rich rose red. China. (Kew.) | Iochroma flavum, E. André. ce H. Solanacez. ae A bushy axi lla ary mri ie ‚2. yellow kabaler flowers. Easte lopes of the Cordilleras of Cabot bia, CE. André, France.) *Iris Aitchisoni, Baker. Seep 1898, liv., 102, t. 1182.) Iridaces. One the so-ca radiating purple veins on a cream, w ground, blade rich deep purple iride crest. Punjab. (M. Foster.) = DN Neck. (Gard. — 4L) H. As e iri SW flowers, Bosnia, a Wallace & Co) Ischaru eximium, Schott & MK. (G. C. dene — ‚126, E => Aracee, with b ese leaves ste is dark edri upper side, and green spotted h red on s ‘under side. Western "Cilicia. (W. Sie — = Skan. (XK. B. 98, 225.) Oleaceæ . A stove climber "ud thin one simple lanceolate green 9 3 = er nd few- flowered f Ense white Es: din. T redi Admiralty Islands. (W, Bull.) “Kempferia Ethele, J. M. (G. C. 1898, xxiii., 94, f. 34.) Scitami- A new species in the way Stem 8 in. high, after- rose-purple with a blotch of —€— on the lip-like lower segments. Natal. (Kew, &c.) mpferia macrosiphon, Baker. e C. 1898, xxiv., =. S. Allied irkii; leaves tufted, green, lanceolate a foot long; : flowers numer- ncles ; -tube ang fura iiber an inch] long. blue, the lower one an inch wide. German East Africa. (Kew.) Kentia kersteniana. (4. C. 1898, xxiv. 391, f. 113.) Palme. S. “A striking looking palm with leaves widely pinnate, the wedge-shaped leaflets curiously erose, and of a dark green tint.” (F. Sander & Co.) [Pro- ably a Ptychosperma. | Lelia cinnabrosa. (0. R.1898, 189.) etwe brosa. (Charlesworth & Co | -— doe ied CL. t. ae | Lelia prestans Luciani. 43.) w of the fall is | hite-flowered for: (L'Hort Md Internationale, Brussels a CL. t. ith warm purple- Ke SL id petals, up per part of lip deep red-purp Lelia gn nobilis. Mi t. 626.) brightly-coloured fo (L'Hor- ticulture Internationale, Be Lelia repu prep ge (0. R. 1898, A fine form wi blush white Seem and petals and | the front of the p. ve ge with purple and rose. (J.C an.) Lelia PER pUTAsO-grandis. (J. H. F. IS garden hybrid between L. pur urata and L. grandis. (G. Mens. Orleans.) en d arts (J. H. F. 1898, A garden eerte between L Iu ast L. cinnabarina. ( Ragot, Villenoy, Ment Lelia splendens. (S. H. 1898, 404.) S rden hybrid between L. crispa (Ingram.) oe Boroli; pio H. 1898, 43.) Orchi en hy- brid between es ya E vn iana and Lelia —— Maron, Brunoy, Fran a A 3 and L, purpurata. Lelio - cattleya MUS ure (J. 5 A garden hybrid betwee Cattleya Gigas gape y Brunoy, France.) —G — CL. 8. hybrid between ie ola ern 08d. ru Catiioya Warneri. ei eg ee of v na.) (L. Linden Lelio-cattleya dominiana | (0. R 1898, 349.) 8. garden hybrid betw purata and Cattleya asia: (J. Veitch & Sons, Ltd.) wn li pt nn (S. H. J. H. F.1898,536) 8. A ten hybrid ate. Lelia pur- ze and Cattleya luddemanniana. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.) Lelio-cattleya "pe 1898, I aa: garden wind tween Ca attleya peser and m ape: purata. (C. Maron, Brunoy, (J. H. F ADHI TREND (0. » uppos eer hybrid much like Z. Hi iplo. (T. B. Hay wood.) ore ea en Pose iei (Lt. Sue == ——— hybrid ee Lat ia Levi and Cattleya gutióte. Brazil. CL Hortcnltue Inter- nationale, Brussels.) brid ; supposed parentage not given. nA L'Hor- ticulture Internationale.) IN, 185) 8 tem ei Ra H. wo ar im gu eg Cu (0. R, 1898. 255.) G. wers 8 in. across, very er in m ^d. Veitch & Sons.) Lelio-cattleya eee cae €: nt R.1898, 169.) G en hybrid een Cattleya — and Lelia X (Charlesworth & Co. po le de bl — (0. R. 1898, brid between ine ^r m “aaa "relia harpo- phylla, (J. Veitch & Sons.) Lelio-cattleya e (R. H. aaie wie S. A garden hybrid be- lia purpurata and Cattleya 8.) Perder (G. Mantin, Orlean Lelio-cattleya perparatoiens (J. H. F. 1898, 777.) 8. A garden hybri mentioned in the list of New senem for 1897 under name of Lelio- a e (C. Maron, Bru Bon j—M radiata. (J. H. F. A garden rs between L alia purpurata and Cattleya no- bilior. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France ce.) Lelio-cattleya emen armain- villier prs (L. t A betw: Gs elia pur- purata asa Cattleya Neila, (Baron Edmond de Rothschild.) Lois cate a din. CS. H 3 ybrid between Talia ea 3 ime ^ a Loddi- gesii. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France. ———— — in- 8 heck hyb eid b ine "olia da and Cattleya Loddigeait (G. Mantin Orleans Malio- Pate sie wakas 1898, 124.) G. A garden (o between — cinnabarina and some other species It is a like L. "Hoel yta, ies Bae go emer (0. 8, 5.) arden hybrid rom Lelia go abont and Cat- tleya Mee e (C. Loddigesii.) (T. W. anion.) Lelio-cattleya wellsiana e A (0. R. 1898, 159.) pme hybrid between Cattleya e Lelia purpurata, (J. Veitch & & Sons. Leea rehrsiana. (46. C. 1898, xxiii., 242, f. anh Ampelidacem. S. Stout shrub, wi pinnate leaves 16 in. long ; leaflets "olo long. ronzy-green when young, glaucescent when mature. Stem spotted with Malaya. (F. Sander & Co.) en. : L, sambucina var. Lepidium - — I irk. (G. C. 1898, xxiii., 284 d epp col d arf re " d x liage. New Zealand, (H: la oe — G. s 4 ee xxiii., pnm cm n tinct little *Ligustrum W lkeri, Decne. = u toe exiv., 283, f. 82.) Oleaceæ. G. A shrub or small tree with thin glabrous Mu an De leaves tapering to a cute apex. Ceylon and Nilgiris. iw.) dem € Baker. (G. C. aes stag f.128.) Liliacez, r L. japonicum, from which it t differs Wy = ne oad speciosum- like leaves and s tuse verae SUME (R. Wallace & Co.) “Linospadix petrickiana. (c6. c. 1898, xxiv., 298, f. 87.) alme. S. vii Areca-like palm with elegant innate leaves. New Guinea, (F. Baader & Co.) nn a (0. R. 1898, 266.) O æ. S. A species with rica. sa, Chateau de Pamoa viie, Pine) *Livistona Heh teat pe Im - ni 8. xxiii, 177.) P -st (spinous Di i eng orbicular, 18 in. *Lobelia ee Baker. (K. B. “hae 157; B. no. 15.) Campanu- lace nual, 6 in. high with | thin tufted Bier stems, orbicular toothed A Bees with purple beneath ; oose terminal racem eet nen ic Ins OR blue and whites Brit. Cent. Africa. (Kew.) Lycaste M cgo VE & 639.) Ore a Sinn =i d oci ir ios “Gon Miu E Internationale, Brit 8.) er A iu eg f. (0. È. to à Agen IO~ flow te ' grasshopper gener flowers with sepals 2} in. long, lip fringed. hide ort umbels of subglobose o pem flowers. Brazil (F. eter & 0, 48 Mammillaria gigantea, Hildm. x K.1898, 126.) Cactacex. G. A species, with greenish- yellow flowers, allied to M. centricirrha, Lem. ico. €— — Heres men pro- Aes a Fe pons the flowers of vidit are so far unknown. a “ae phe a Zeissold. (M. troduced plant m aot hs ERR E eese Mex Masdevallia angulata, Reichb. f. shorter scapes and perianth, the free parts of the sepals an being much lessattenuate. Ecuador. (J. O'Brien.) Maxillaria (pocket een R. 1898, 94.) Orchidac Allied to Pa sanderi iana, paving white petals and sepals and a broad yellow lip with some pagi markings. (Glas- evin.) mer cer _ 304.) sii species ail ie om ven mista. Leaves oblong lanceolate 1 ft. — 6 in, long, c d othed w iiu beati. ing . CK. B. A owers 3 in. across abe te and brown- Bern x c purple. Peru. (F. Sander & Co.) Mikania Sanderi. fe y. Iu xxiii. 3 Compositæ. ith mi purple leaves; flowers n : er 0.) with a across. (J, live Laysin, A p rmm Leder Car. et 425. = wit eg gue ht Seale ree poem throated lonan, Olioni. (Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.) €— m qi ut 1898, 8.) S. like M. ee in rn but we purple flowers. (Sir T. Lawrence.) *Musa Bakeri, Bach LO GLA 7627.) Scitaminex. S. Anew species uu . sapientum group. Stem 10 ft. high, à in, diam. Leaves 7 ft. long 2 ft. wide, petiole 2 ft. long. Spike short; drooping flower bracts oblong, 6in. long, deep u. inside, intensely glaucous outsi ale clusters of 9 to “2. Immature fruit trigonous, dropping off before ripening. ? Cochin China, (Kew.) cone E var. (@. C. 1898, 22. Amaryllidacee. H. A yellow vii of rae species is here mentioned. (M. Foster), "Nepenthes ventricosa, Blanco. narrow, glabrous ; pitchers green, Mos a es peristome, kr u con- he middle, . long. .) Philippines. (Kew oce d a E EC 7. naceao North America, (Kew AME Marre albiflora, H. H. (Gf. 1898, 131, f. 39.) = forms di ffering from the e type in its re eh slightly. veh =. ne white (Da & Naples *Nicotiana Ben Spegaz. & omes, n 898, 131, f. 138 ; [^e 1898, H. obnuanieaital QUE While Höwered species with large grey-green leaves. Argentina. (Dammann & Co., Naples.) Nidularium amazonicum xai anum. (G. C. 1898, xxiii, 254.) Bromeliacew. S. A beautiful pim; leaves yellow Rak gr on the upper surface, end oan eo green Ine erneath. (M. Duprat, Bor ux ee Adriane charlesi- G. the type in kasing rosie ‘spotted flowers. Madoux, Brussels, ) EM vire craw- shayanum. (Z ‚6. puel hybrid between O erispum and O hunnewellianum. ^d. Linden & Co., Brussels.) 49 Se ae armainvillierense, 1210.) hybrid 0. tare ‘and O. erispum. (Baron de Rothschild, NM sta, ) el Sarde oa ici 185. pposed klei hybrid baio d O. ge ae and O, cordatum. (E, Ashworth.) penne oy aspersum spots at the base; li (L. Linden & Oo., Mortebeek, Belgium.) es gg ET cordal oriana: 8, 188. o bea am les 0. pickin: (J. Hye- Tay, Ghent. Odontoglossum crispo-harryanum. . A garden dm brid between the two a: indi- cated in the name, (C. Vuylsteke, Ghent.) pe deisel fU pede Cypherii. (0. R 55.) ep .. and full VUE Met blotches and speckles. (J. F Cypher). —M zw ce AM. CL. with la ae Wd Thee Th ot reddish purple. (L. Linden & Co., Brussels edes agen ee moore- L. t. a yellow disk, (L. Linden * Co., lip ith an irregular blotch of. plow. CF. Sander & Co.) Odontoglossum hybridum ash- wort. = enti "CE. As shworth.) | Appears be i aspersum en: Ofontoglouenm rates rur ie ibri "perd n O, crispum and O. Mmi Bets "CO. Vuylsteke, Ghent.) Odontoglossum en Ste- vensii. (0, R. ween O. — and O, Pescatorei, (J. Stevens.) dan toe rochfordianum, 0, R. 1898, 127, 186 6) G of 0. ER hybrid pres 0. orispum and O. Aunnewellianum, (See O. Adriane.) It has broad segments 0. uoce leopardinum in rd.) (T. Roch Odontoglossum Rolfeæ. (0, R. v 270) G. A Hber hybrid be- O, Pusatore | . harry- aytis Loochristy, mu colour, ere are a Papa (0. R. 1898, d istinet and pretty pi um n dark spotting. at Lindon xt Co., Brussels.) C— amp d t. form of able acral hybri id O. yp TE Linden & Co., Brussels.) RU wilskeanum Lin- den L.t.6 ents are O. crispum and O: Ister pureum, (L. Linden & Co., Brussels.) (Enothera Johnsoni, — (GA. 1898, e 1:82: Onag H, tal with large ncutron-yellow flowers, By « western (Dammann & Co., Naples.) Oncidium albo-verrucosum. 1898, 2043 6. (0. R. sup- cies with Hess yellow aedis “the eee barr brown, and the warted crest waits (Sir T, Lawrence.) Oncidium gracillimum, Rolfe. (X. B. 1898, 197; O. R. 1898, 304.) G. A. new species, allied to 0. — Pseudobulbs — 3 in. long ; eaves — in. long ; panicle large, much 3 ft. long flowers ger yellow vi a few M ` brown marks about the base of the ' segments. Peru, (F, Sander & Co.) 50 Opeldium maoranthum Townsendi, 8, lowers excoptionall ad and tichly coloured, (E. Beckett.) naate, thibaultianum. (Z. t. 04,) pposed to be a ME hyboid b between O. erispum s inire (M. E. Thibault, biet s “Opuntia. fae MDE su EC e , 939, ) actacem. "on ^ r hort, + = mamil- e, ards wrinkled; spines, a sub-erect, flat, thin, paper-white appen- dages from 1 to3 in. long ; flowers not own, Argentina, (Kew.) Opuntia xanthosoma elegans. (Späth Cat. 1898, 102, 152) H. A form with soft rose-coloured flowers, Oelorado. (Spáth, Berlin.) IN monophylla, Hook. f. big o frs Pachystoma thomsonianum punc- tulatum. (R. H. 1898, er t; 0. R. 1898, 6.) A form principally differing from M AD ates having the white sepals an m Roland - aerate Villefranche - sur - Mer, Ee "istrochilus thom- sonianus, is, Rolfe, v Panax — CG. C 1898, xxiii. 242, f. 88.) Araliace® S. Stem erect, ing long, elegant, pinnate leaves 3 ft. long, w ith pinkish stalks, spotted with white ; the rhachis forked ; leaflets 10 in. long, pale green, with omon Takata; (F. San- der & Co.) Pandanus PME ie €. 1898, xxiii, 243, f. 94.) danaces, S. abit l^ "genera a mici o 7. Stepps. but variegated w with cream yellow of white. Hab, ? (F. SR sm & Co.) Paphiopedium Armee: (0. R 1898, 112) Ore hybrid between ulpa and P, eiliolare, “Ww. M. Appleton.) Eaphinpedinm Mahleræ, (0. R. 898, 271. A garden hybrid tween JP. rothachitda num an lawrenceanum, (R. H., Measures.) FEpUpadium Rowans. (0. R. 1898, A garden hybrid bet Fu Shambara nana and P. alates lum, (R, H. Mea esphiopediom u ayes ome (0. , 33 a). wey Soe e = id be oe P. eine and P. Ho okere (Syn. Cypripedium Shipwa y@). Borneo, (Col. Shipway.) Fapiiepedium | yesionienas (0. R. arden hybrid e: me Toses: ane P: barbatum W. armer, very simi to P, siamense. (W.M.A d iren de e dear iade eg (0. R. S. arden hybrid iud "P de ea uen and ee (Linden, Brussels.) ie id sd ia ii, M. T. Maste (@. 8, — Lore f.114) Passi. fio species, near P.g ul se broadly oblong, acute, leathery, glabrous above, setu- lose below. erect, 4 in. wide, bright let, the petals smaller, rose colou al hi I Thurn calls it “the red and white Passionflower," Guiana. Phaius x (LL. t. 618.) press je A garden hybrid betw ce steh and P. tuberculosis. oN. C. Cookson.) [P. “Norman.” } Phalenopsis Schredere. (0. R. 1898. 2 Orchidacex. S. A hybrid between P. leucorrhoda and P. inter- apte "Portei. (Low & Co. rai inis ci - Mannii. (0. 57.) S rden hybrid l Mines sien D, stuartiana. (J. Veitch & Son ns.) Philodendron Martineti. xxiii., 254. == we Ca. 6 8, Seo eav um sagittate, dark n above, dnt) below, (De Bas Devivier, NON triumphans. € = Carderi, i, bat a a ese grower, ‘with large. (M. De 8 ves twi met- Duvivier, ) 51 Phlebodium Mayii. (G. C. 1898, iii, 332, f, 121.) Fili S. A variety of Polypodium aureum, having undulated serrated fron a silve metallio lustre and veins with (H. B. May.) *Phlomis cashmiriana, ee. u^ C. 1898, xxiv., 421.) Labiato. pecies with whitish beatin d pi (Max Leichtlin.) Esel ud Mitford. (@. a 6, f£. 68.) Graminex the colouring of Ph yllo- d n. pi with the graceful habit of u fring and P, boryana. Japan, (A. B. Mitford.) Pilocereus marschalleckianus, Zeis Zeis- sold. (M. | from an imported specimen, Mexico. m — Welw, > 898, xxiii., Filices, S. n well marked ex quite distin m P. @thiopieum, with which ri ovdi: with felt-like hairs. (Kew.) EE d is) x x H6, « 2. bu ee 3 "rid linear acute, 10 in. ng; n. long, many flowered. (Gitenevi A wo bw ix (K, B. 192 ; 8, 302.) tne eaves in. long, raceme short, fleshy ; $ ‘all brown-red with a purple lip. Maxine “Podotheca iue — =. na golden yello ow flow Pimelia, Western Miiat, i co 5 59 bees genni oer xg a | Rhamnus- uns intermedia l um. xxiii. 254,) Filices. . rn wi d niece, Ghent.) IS a0) — CN. B. aces. S. Nearly = os p hii, Rolfe, but differs n = numerous leaves and always branched inflorescences. German East Africa. (Berlin B. G.) Prunus Laurocerasus schipkaensis c ga mn Made Cat. No. 102, 111.7 ROB orm with spreading Geitioliok and shortly oval eaves, (Spath, PEREI Prunus realen schipkaensis lia zabe & Cat. No. 102, 110, with willow-like e. lanceolate leaves (Spüth Berlin.) ‘Pteris c iere urreenee = (ec f. 139) Filices. S die aste eA on the well n P. cretica Wimsettii. (H. B. May.) dide — (@. €.1898, xxiv., A robust crested form of P p Garden origin. (T. Rochford.) bsp ae pers m (G. C. 1898, xxiv., 330, 435, f. 126.) Pal w 8 tem 10 to ft. high, slender, nodes 3 in. apart ; leaves 4 ft. lon apering femal E panics: fruit 4 in. long, Bra hE right red; seed 5-grooved. Young plants very elegant. New Guinea. (F. Sander & Co.) *Ptychosperma Warleti. (@. 1898, xxiii, 242, f. 91.) S. La small state. cuneate, erose at the margin, silvery beneath. Hab.? (F.Sander & Co.) PN E Keir Wie Mee A. pori CAM. H. A dwarf shrub resembling P viltis. Small yellowish- white flowers are numerous d have an our of inna N, W. America. cinnamon, | Koehne, (Späth Cat. bue 102, ne ' Rhamnacex nte tween the indi vui R poster and the narrow-leaved R. californica, California. (Spüth, Berlin.) Ero mee ctm rubiginosum, Franch Veitch & punctatum fro untai North MÀ slim, ke. ‚but dites in its muc rg rms Yunnan. (J. Veitch r Sot “Rhododendron RE Franch. (B. M. t. 7614) H. An erect - growing eae with . white flowers, 2 in. across, spotted with blood-red towards the of the upper corolla-lobes. Yunnan, . (J. Sons.) —— pubens, var. maxim sse. =. 1898, 592.) Capriali ri H. is is apparently S. cana soi. (H. Hesse, Weener, orit J *Sareanthus Ede aer Mur flowers coloured pale lilac with the column and front of the lip bright purple. Hong Kong. (Kew.) Br to significant, Falkland Isles. A. K. Bulley.) Senecio hanburianus, Dinter. (G.C. wers in loose Cs pale yellow. ? South Africa. (T. Hanbury, Mortola.) Sievekingia Li agree Rolfe. (B. M. t. 7576.) 8. Habit of a small ren ca, having Sa clustered, pear- -shaped, ri pseudo- —— . bulbs 1 long, each bearing scorsi nee aee mes irme leaf with mottled e etiole. Flowers dd. 6 in a pendu - in tals n and NER a Es the labellum, ei me with deep lat blotched with red. Ecuador. (Siz Trevor Lawrence.) i iri Fortunei, Vis. (6. C. 1898, of the Note Hii Catch-fl y, laciniate pink petals. China. (Kew.) ie rut RUN CK. D. 1898, Orchidacez. x eo eie ani ed to S. swaveo- i t. high ; kara oblong brown between the eels. Trop. America. (P. Ralli.) Sobralia Rn St H. 1898, 314.) S. Asup brid of which S. xantholeuca ^ one E p parents. irem large, soft yellow shaded with (Sir F. Wigan.) a agi pee ds Din ^ R. , 270.) Orchidae garden hybrid between Ca epa hari na and Sophronitis grandiflora (Hon. J J. Chambi ain.) — rn. Er ^ xxii Diefenback rin plant b with p m ovate, dark green leaves, spotted with yellow. (De Smet- Durivier, Ghent.) age ao impressa, Rolfe. (K. B. 1898, 196; O. H.1898, 803.) Orchid- aceæ new _- ied to 8. inodora. - Pseudob leaves Sig oblong, 1 ft. iur. scape long, bearing 4 flowers Wah bed ovate bracts elliptic oblong , 2 in. long, a 3-lo ERI * Stanhopea madouxiana, Cogniaux. (G. C. 1898, xxiv., 134, f.34.) S. A new species. with ovoid peeudobulbs ; léaves 20 to 30 in. long, 5 to 9 im. , across ; le pen: bearing one or two fragrant flowers 6 in. across, a. creamy whi spotted with pink; lip tinged with a rk purple ; nva with . rather large wings. Colom *Stanhopea — (G.-C. 1898, xxiv., 14 A new - owers, 6 in. ac le; colu purple; m dex purple with «i ivory white and numerous red spots on the nacti. (Sir T. Lawrence.) *Stanleya pomi Nutt. (Gf. 1898, 222, f. 67.) Crucifer®. A har dy perennial, with gisbrots glaucous leaves and many-flowe racemes of ye allow flowers. Colorado, (W. Thompson, Ipswich.) —.. ier Hessei. EE D. € 36.) Sapindacex. H. : ybi betw em ay colehica NM. erii and S. pinnata. (Hesse, Weener Hanover.) ES C EO Girard. (G. C. , 284.) Plumbaginacex. db in le species 3 ft. high with meig — and yellow corollas. China. (Kew.) Eos oe lacera, Brandegee. (4. C. 1898, xxiii, 355, f. 135.) G. A sub-s nial, with small clear ora or yellow flowers. California. (Col. John Ross.) RE UT — Rolfe. (K. 1898, 304.) p yellow, wi ve Colombia. (Sir T. Lawrence.) Ulmus a it = er 26.) rtieac metrical u pig d we ot great vigour.” (Gaujard - Rome fils, Chateauroux, Sent on Di effenbachii, Benth. (6. 41. 898, xxiv., 155, ) Serophu- ls e A alee or half-hardy shrub, about 2 ft. high, bearing long Islands. Toona Lindsayi. ; 291, T 91) G. Be é "hybrid between V. april and V. pimeleoides. (R. Lindsay.) C6. = 1898, ae sheen dene (Jard. 1898, 202.) orm of the omg pem CY. e , L. var.), vicium pale aint flowers, .. ‘Chenault, leans.) y Bloki. (4. 5 1898, xxiii., 254) Bromeliacee. a synonym for Tülandsi sia Regina (Ghent Exhibition. ) MN Martelli. (@. C. 1898, xxiii., 54) 8. r ally of Mere n "a leaves & are narrower whitish at the base; flowers balhs red. (Ghent Exhibition.) VM monsiana. (G. C. 1898, xxiii., 54.) S. A near ally of Tillandsia Regina. Plant 5 ft. high; leaves 4 in- cream (Ghent Eehibition n.) margin IM AU (R. H. 1898, 395; 898, 281, ae S. A garden hybrid eae asiana and Hec. M. Duval, Versailles.) orig hres mom zu E leni three-lobed. Maul w.) ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. APPENDIX III.—1899. LIST of the STAFFS of the ROYAL GARDENS, Kew, and of Botanical Departments and Establishments at Home, and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with Kew. * Trained at Kew. T Recommended by Kew. Royal Gardens, Kew :— Director - z - - Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G, CI F.R.S., ELD Ph.D, M A , F.L.S Private Secretary - - - Stephen T. Dunn B.A., I Assistant ed SH Burkill, M.A., F.L.S. Assist - *John Aikman - *William Nicholls Winn. » » Keeper of Herbarium and Library *William Botting Hemsley, F.R.S., Principal Assistant(Phanerogams) Otto Stapf, "Ph.D., A.L.S. ptogams) - George Massee, Assistant era - - Nicholas Edward Brown, *Robert Allen Rolfe, A.L.S. Charles Henry Wright, A.L.S. *Sidney Alfred Skan. i r L 1 t [] ' J LI L ; for India - H. H. W. Pearson, B.A. 4886—1375—12/99 Wt92 D&S 29 56 exea m $ ere nd l HY Henry Scott, boratory - F.R.S., M.A., Ph.D., F.L.S. Keeper of Museums - - - John Reader = A.LS. Assistant eee ds - - John Masters Hillie Preparer - - George Badderly. Curator of the Gardens - - George Nicholson, F.L.S. een Curator - - - William Watson. Forem fg tum - - *William J. Bean. Herbaceous Departme ent - - *Walter Irving. up emis and Ornamental Frank Garrett. Depart Hanna - - - *William Dallimore. Cambridge.—University Botanic Garden :— | Professor - - - Harry Marshall Ward, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., F.L.S. Secretary to en A. ©. Seward, M.A., arden Syo acato F Dustor - - *Richard Irwin Lynch, A.L.S. Dublin.—Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin :— Keeper - - - Frederick W. Moore, A.L.S. Trinity College Botanie Gardens :— Professor - - - E. Perceval Wright, M. x F.L.S., Sec. R.I Curator - - 2 W. Flags M.A., F.L.S. Edinburgh.—Royal Botanic Garden :— Regius Keeper - - Isaac Bayley Balfour, M.D., D.Sc., F.R.S., FLS. Head Gardener - = Assistant Gardener - *R. L. Harro Glasgow.—Botanic Gardens :— University Professor- F. O. Bower, D.Sc., F.R.S, F L.S. Curator - - - *Daniel Dewar. Oxford.—-University Botanic Garden :— Professor - - - er Vines, D.Sc., F.R.S., F.L.S. Curator > - - "William Baker, - 57 COLONIES. Antigua.—Botanic Ku :— Cura uperintendent Assistant Superinten- - - *W. N. Sands. Barbados.—Dodd's ues Botanic Statio S John R. Bovell; F.C.S., C. E. Stoute. ent. Lecturer in Agricultural TAlber: Howard, B.A. ience. Bermuda.—Botanic Station Supe dinodai - TG. A. Bishop. ymse rn. Africa.—Scientifie Department :— - He ad of Department - J. MeClounie. Government Botanist *John Mahon. prism ee —Botanic Gardens :— Geo - Superintendent and Government Bo- tanist. Head "Garden er *George S. Jenman, F.L.S. - tJohn F. Waby. d Agricultural Assistant *Robert Ward. Promenade en :— ; : Head — - Berbice - - Keeper - : William Jackson Richard Hunt. British Honduras.— Botanic Station :— Curator - - - Canada.— Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist - Assistan : Director a Govern- xperi- mental Farms. Director’s —€— and uperi tendent of Bo- tanic Garden Botanist M Ento- mologis Montreal- - Director, "University Botanic Garden. Cape Colony.— Government Botanist Eugene Campbell. Prof. John Macoun, MA, E.R... F.L.S. de M. Macoun. Wm. Saunders, Es R.S. C., F.L.S. W. T. Macoun. James Fletcher, F.L.S. Prof. D. P. Penhallow, B.Sc. Prof. MacO wan, F.L.S. Ceylon.— Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :— Director - - Government Entomo- Per adeniya =- Qurator - = ^ Clerk E - $ Draughtsman - - - tJohn C. Willis, M.A., F.L.S. E. E. Green. *Hugh MeMillan. J. Ferdinandus. W. de Alwis. 58 Hakgala - - Superintendent - Clerk and Foreman - Henaratgoda - Conductor - Anuradhapura : Re Badulla - E - - Dominica.—Botanic sation :— Cura daslogttnesd School :— Officer in Charge Agricultura Instruc- - *William Nock. M. G. Perera. S. de Silva, Arachchi. - D. F. de Silva. - D. A. Guneratne. *Joseph Jones. G. F. Branch. - *D. Tannock. East Africa Protectorate.—Botanic Station :— Uganda Curator - - - tAlexander Whyte, M.A. F.L.S. Falkland Islands.—Government House Garden :— Head Gardener - Fiji.—Botanic Station :— Curator - : Gambia.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - Gold Coast.—Botanic Station :— Curator - Assistant Curator Grenada.—Botanic Garden :— urator - - - *Albert Linney. - *Daniel Yeoward. - *William H. Johnson. 4. "T W. Brown. - *Walter E. Broad way. Hong Kong.—Botanic and Afforestation Department :— Superintendent - - TCharles Ford, F.L.S. —_— Superinten- *W. J. Tut cher. den Jamaica.— Department of Public Gardens and Plantations :— Director - - {William Fawcett, B.Sc., F.L.S. Hope € Gardens - Superintendent - - *William Cradwick. Assistant Superinten- *Thomas J. Harris. dent. Castleton Garden Superintendent - *William J. Thompson. Cinchona (Hill — » - *William Harris.. Garden). Kingston Parade * - John Campbell. Garden. King's House Assistant Superinten- William R. Walker. Garden. dent. - - Overseer - - - A. H. Groves. Lecturer in Agricultural [W. R. Buttenshaw, - __ Seience. . BSc. | Lagos.—8Botanic Station :— urator - - E ———- Assistant - - - *F. G, R Leigh. =. ie - - - *T. B. Dawodu. Malta.—Argotti Botanic Garden :— Direetor - - Dr. Francesco Debono. Mauritius.—Department of Forests and Botanic Gardens :— Pamplemousses - Director - - J. Vankeirsbilck. = Assistant - - Paul Koenig. - - - f. E. Pougnet. cese. : - - J. Powell. Curepipe - - Overseer - : - .F. Bijoux. Reduit - E = : - - W. A. Kennedy. Montserrat.—Botanic Station :— Curator - = - —— Agricultural Instruc- * A. J. Jordan. tor. Natal.—Botanic Gardens :— Durban - . Curator = -— - John. Medley Wood, Head Gardener - - *James Wylie. Pietermaritzburg Curator - - ~ G. Mitchell. New South Wales.—Botanic Gardens :— Sydney - - Director and Govern- J. H. Maiden, F.L.S. ment Botanist. Boneriaten endent - George Harwood. Botanical Assistant - E. Betche. Technological Museum :— . - Curator - - - R. T. Baker, F.L.S. New Zealand :— Wellington.—Colonial Botanic Garden :— Head Gardener - - G. Gibb. Dunedin - - Superintendent- - J. McBean. Napier - - = . "=" W. Barton. Invercargill - Head Gardener- - Thomas Waugh. Auckland - -BRanger - - - William Goldie. Christchurch - Head Gardener- - "Ambrose Taylor. Niger Coast men. — .Botanie Garden :— Old Calabar - Curato: . *John H. Holland. Assistant Curator - —— _ Perak (Taiping) — Government Gardens and Plantations : :— Superintendent - - *Robert Derry. 60 Queensland.—Botanic Department :— Brisbane - - Colonial Botanist - F. M. Bailey, F.L.S. Botanic Gardens :— Curator - - - *Philip MacMahon. Overseer - - - J. Tobin. ee = Society’s Gardens: ae = Manager . Edward Grimley. Over - James Mitchell. Rockhampton - an - - J. S. Edgar. St. Kitts-Nevis. —Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *William Lunt. St. Lucia.—Botanic Station :— Curator *John Chisnall — Agricultural Instruo- George S. Hudso St. er Station :— Cur *Henry Powell. Agricultura Insirno- *M. McNeill. Sierra Leone.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *Walter Haydon. South Australia.—Botanic Gardens :— Adelaide - - Director - - - Maurice Holtze, F.L.S. Port Darwin - Curator - - - Nicholas Holtze. Straits Settlements.—Gardens and Forest Department :— Singapore - Director - - a 7E Ridley, M.A., L.S. Assistant Superinten- “Walter Fox. dent. Penang - - Assistant Superinten- TCharles Curtis, F.L.S. dent. Tasmania.—Botanic Gardens :— Hobart Town - Superintendent- - F. Abbott. Tobago.— Botanic Station :— urator - - - *Henry Millen. Cacao Instructor - W.C. Caines. Trinidad.—Royal Botanic Gardens :— Superintendent- - tJohn H. Hart, F.L.S. Assistant „ - *W. Leslie. Victoria.—Botanic Gardens :— . . Melbourne - - Curator - E - W.R.Guilfoyle. National cmi — Curator - E - J.G.Luehmann, F.L.S. 61 West Indies.—Imperial Department of Agriculture :— Barbados - - Commissioner - - D. Morris, O.M.G. L.S ren Superin- G. W. Sm tenden ee - - tH. M. Lefroy, B.A. HE “Conslting Prof. J. B. Harrison, hem M. Ua F.0.8. = » Prof. J. P. d'Albuquer- que M.A. F.LC., F.C.S. Western PERESS ERASE of ern — Perth- E - Alexander Morrison. vem Botanist - F. Turner, F.L.S. Sydney). Zanzibar.— Director of Agricul- R. N. Lyne. ture. INDIA. ' Botanical Survey.—Director, Major D. Prain, M.B, IMS. F.L.S., .E Bengal, Assam, Burma; the Andamans and Nicobars ; North- East Frontier Expeditions .— Superintendent | Major D. Prain, M.B., the Royal Botanic LMS F.L.S., F.R.S.E. Gardens, Calcutta Bombay, including Sin Peka xot Botany, College d G. A. Gammie. Science, Poona - Madras: the State of Hyderabad and the State of Mysore :— overnment Botanist fC. era Barber, M.A., North-Western Provinces and Oudh; the Punjab; the Central en Central India ; Rajputana ; North-West Frontier Expeditions :— Director of the Bo- Lei agio tJ. F. Duthie, B.A., Saharanpur, PLS. N.W.P. - Bengal :— Reporter on Econo- mic Products to the Government T. SEE se. of India, Indian Museum, Calcutta 62 Bengal.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :— Calcutta Superintendent - (Seebpore) Curator barium em x5 Garden - Assis » T Pies - of .. | Major D. Prain, M.B., 1.M.S., ELS F.R.S.E. Lieutenant Gage, I. M.S. *G. T. Lan * Albert E. T. uu Caleutta.—Agri-Horticultural Society of India :— Secretary - - Mungpoo E 1 - chona Plantations as Go- vernm Ci Deputy dica Assistant" 2nd So h 3 Darjeeling. Lloyd Botanic Garden :— Curator - E - on .—Maharajah’s Garden :— Superintendeni - Bombay.— Poona - ee Professor of Botany Ghorpuri.—Botanie Garden :— Superintendent - Bombay.—Municipal Garden :— Superintendent - Karachi Marian Garden :— Superintendent Central Provinces.— |. Nagpur - Publie Gardens. Madras.—Botanie Department :— Ootacumund Director of Gove ment P. Lancaster. Major D. Prain, M.B., LM.S, F.L.S., F.R.S.E. *R. Pantling. *Joseph Parkes. * Amos Hartless. *Oliver T. Hemsley. *George H. Cave. Herbert ‘horn. G. A. Gammie. P. G. Kanitkar. C. D. Mahaluxmivala. - Superintendent of *J. Horne Stephen. - Government Botanist fC. A. Barber, M.A., L.S. Oihan W. M. Standen. ee ns. Curator of Gardens *Robert L. Proudlock. and Parks. 63 Madras.—Agri-Horticultural Society :— Hon. Secretary - - Dr. A. G. Bourne. Superintendent - *B. Cavanagh. Native States.— Mysore(Bangalore) Superintendent - *J. Cameron, F.L.S. Baroda - - "i - *G. H. Krumbiegel. Gwalior - - = - tC. Maries, F.L.S. Morvi - - - *Joseph Beck. Travancore (Tina), = - Udaipur - = ^ - T. H. Storey. North-West Provinces— Agra(Taj Garden) Superintendent - F. J. Bullen. Allahabad - - 5 - *H. J. Davies. Cawnpur - » - G. H. T. Mayer. Kumaon (Ramghar) » - *F. W. Seers. Lucknow - » - *Matthew Ridley. Saharanpur and Branch Garden, is - William Gollan. Mussoorie. Punjab.— Lahore - - Superintendent - H. G. Hein. 4386 b ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX IV.—1899. N OT E. IN the preface to the Catalogue of the Library of the Royal Botanic Gardens, which was issued as Volume III. of the Additional Series of the Kew Bulletin, it was stated that annual lists of future additions would be published in the Bulletin. The present instalment contains the additions made to the Library by gift or purchase during the year 1898, with the exception of such current periodicals and annuals as continue sets already catalogued. Like the Catalogue, the List is printed on one side of the page, to allow of its being cut up. It is probable that many persons and institutions will make the Kew Catalogue the basis of their own, and will use the lists of additicns to supply printed slips for fresh titles. 3323—1375—7/99 Wt92 D&S 29 We oda mj ji nie CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY. Additions received during 1898. $ 1—GENERAL. Abercrombie, John. The Gardeners daily Assistant in the modern praetice of English Gardening. London, 1786. 12mo. mem a Georg. Species genera et ordines Algarum, etc. Vol. i s. 3. Lundae, 1898. 8vo. aena Charles Cardale. The British Rubi. London, 1869. mo. : Baldacci, Antonio. Il mio settimo viaggio nel Montenegro. Roma, 1898. 8vo Ball, John. The Alpine Guide. The Western Alps. New edition by W. A. B. COOLIDGE. London, 1898. 8vo. Bartholinus, Thomas. Dispensatorium Hafniense, jussu superi- orum a medicis hafniensibus adornatum. Hafniae, 1658.- sm. 4to. Beal, Wiliam J. Report of the Botanical Department of the in Agricultural College [Michigan]. June, 1897. [Lansing, T]: 8vo Beauvisage, Georges E. C. Notice sur le R. P. Montrouzier. (Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, xxii.) Paris, 1898. 8vo. Beckwith, zu & Mary E. —À (assisted by JOSEPH B. FULLER). Plants of Monroe County, New York, and adjacent territory (Proc. Rochester Acad. Sc. iii.). Poi, 1896. 8vo. Beroaldus, Phillipus, the Elder. See vetu G. Bischoff, Gottlieb Wilhelm. Arten-Register zu den Tafeln des dere der hen Terminologie. Nürnberg, 1849. 4to. ae Bishop, George A. A report on the diseases affecting the Lily in == muda, their cause, treatment, prevention. (Bermuda), 1898. vo. 8323 A2 67 [Bloomfield, Edwin Newson.) The natural history of Hastings and St. Leonards and the vicinity, "Third supplementary list. St. Emon. Sea, 1898. 8vo. Boulger, George Simonds. Presidential address [to the South- Eastern Union of Scientific ara 1895. (Trans. South-East. Union Se. Soc., 1898). 8vo [Bourne, Alfred Gibbs.] List of the plants of Southern India [from M. A. LAWSON'S herbarium. Madras, 1897]. fol. Bower, Frederick Orpen. Address to the Botanical Section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Bristol, 1898. (London, 1898). 8vo. Bretschneider, Emil. History of European botanical discoveries in China. London, 1898. 2 vols. Britten, James. Popular British Fungi. London (sa.) 8vo. Britton, ee Lord, & Addison Brown. An illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada, and the British Possessions. Vol. iii. Now York, 1898. 8vo. Brotherus, Victor Ferdinand. Some new species of Australian Mosses. (Öfversigt af Finska Vet. Soc. Fórh.lv.). 1898. 8vo Brown, Robert, Farmer of Markle. A treatise on agriculture and rural affairs. Edinburgh, 1811. 2 vols. 8vo. Bruchmann, H. Ueber die Prothallien und die —— E mehrerer parokiacher Lyeopodien. Gotha, 1898. 8vo Buchenau, Franz. Luzula campestris und verwandte Arten. (Oesterr. bot. Zeitschr., 1898). Wien, 1898. Svo. Buc'hoz, Pierre Joseph. Collection précieuse et enluminée des fleurs les plus belles et les plus curieuses, etc. Partie 1 et 2. Paris (1776). fol. unbury, Frances Joanna. Life, letters, and journals of Sir Charles J. F. Bunbury, Bart., edited by his wife F. J. B. (8. 1. e.a.) 3 vols. 8vo. min George C. The cultivation of American Ginse ennsylvania. (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Dep. er Ball 21). 1897. 8vo [Cambridge.] Report (Annual) of the Botanic Garden Syndi- cate, May 31,1898. Cambridge, 1898. fol. Camerarius, Joachim I. F. Icones accurate nune primum delineate stirpium, quarum descriptiones tam in Horto qu: ma Hercynia suis locis habentur. Francofurti ad Menum, sm. 4to. 68 Öarrington, Benjamin. British Hepatice. [Part 4]. London, 8.2. 8vo. Cato, M. See Merula, G. Cause, D. H. De koninglycke Hovenier aanwyzende de mid- delen om Boomen, etc. Amsterdam (1676). fol. Ceylon. Handbook and Directory, 1885-86, edited by A. M. & J. FERGUSON. Colombo, 1886? 8vo. Cobbett, William. The English Gardener. London, 1829. 8vo. Coe, Charles C. Nature versus natural selection. London, 1895. 8vo. Coincy, Auguste de. Ecloga tertia plantarum hispanicarum. Paris, 1897. 4to. — Ecloga quarta plantarum hispanicarum. Paris, 1899 [1898]. 4to. Coleman, W. S. Our woodlands, heaths, and hedges. London, 1859. 8vo. Colgan, N. See Moore, D. Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 11. Columella, L. J. M. See Merula, G. Commelyn, Jan. Nederlantze Hesperides, dat is, oeffening en gebruik van de Limoen en Oranje-Boomen. Amsterdam, 1676. fol. Contributions from the Shaw School of Botany. 10. SCHRENK, H. VON. The trees of St. Louis as influenced by the tornado of 1896. ll. SCHRENK, H. VON. On the mode of dissemination of Usnea barbata. [St. Louis, 1898.] Coolidge, W. A. B. See Ball, J. Curaçao. Tweede jaarlijksch Verslag van het Geschied-, Taal-, Land- en Volkenkundig Genootschap. Amsterdam, 1898. 8vo. [Curtis, William.] A catalogue of the Plants growing wild in the environs of London. London, 1774. 8vo. Darbishire, Otto Vernon. Ueber Bangia pumila, Aresch. (Wissenschaft. Meeresuntersuchung. Neue Folge, iii.) [ Kiel], 1898. 4to. De Vries, Hugo. L’unité dans la variation. Considérations sur l'hérédité, (Revue de l'Université de Bruxelles, iii) Bruxelles, 1898. De Wildeman, Em., & Théophile Durand. Prodrome de la Flore Belge, 1-7. Bruxelles, 1897-98. 8vo. 69 De Wildeman, Ém. & mp gens Durand. aor Bite b de la flore du Congo (Ann nales du Musée du Congo. Série I. Tome i. Fas aoe ) Bruxelles, 1898. 4o Diels, Ludwig. Die Flora von China. (Naturwissensch. Wochenschr. xiii.) 1898. fol. Dixon, Henry H. & J. Joly. On some minute organisms found in the surface-water of Dublin and Killiney Bays. (Scientific Proc. Roy. Dubl. Soc. viii. (N. S.) (Dublin, 1898). 8vo. Draper, Walter. Le Jardinage en Égypte. Traduit par E. M. BENSILUM. Le Caire, 1898. 8vo. rayton, Edward. The Grenada Handbook, Directory and Micke for the year 1898. London, 1598. 8vo. Druce, George Claridge. Notes on Mr. Britten's review of * The Flora of Berkshire," etc. London, 1898. 8vo Durand, Théophile, & Hans Schinz. d dan Flore Africe. Vol v. and Vol. i, 2me partie. Bruxelles, 1895 and 1898. 8vo Durand Théophile. See De Wildeman, Em. Engler, Adolf, & Oscar Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde. ii. Grun ndzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung i in den Karpathen, von F. PAX. Bandi. Leipzig, 1898. 8vo. English forests and forest trees. London, 1853. 8vo. Estienne (latinized Stephanus), Charles. Seminarium sive plan- TOR earum arborum, que post ortos conseri solent etc. Lugduni, 537. 8vo. ——— Arbustum. Fonticulus, Spinetum. Parisiis, 1538. 8vo. —— De re hortensi libellus, etc. Lugduni, 1539. 8vo. (This differs from the Paris edition.) Farlow, William Gilson. The conception of Species as affected by recent investigations of ems (Address to Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sc.) Boston, 1898. 8vo Farrer, W. The making and improvement of Wheats for Australian conditions. (Dep. Agric. Sydney, Misc. Publication, 206.) Sydney, 1898. 8vo. Fedtschenko, Boris (Fedchenko) Poyezdka b zapadnsii Tyan- n dlya izucheniya dednikov Talassakago Alatau. (Izvyestii, $e) S. S ebore, 1898. 8vo. (Predvaritelnuii otchet) 7.e., Preliminary Re Feilden, Henry Wemyss. The flowering plants of duis Zemlya, ete. (Journ. Bot., 1898.) London [1898]. 8vo 10 Ferguson, A. M., & J. See Ceylon. Fischer, Eduard. Beitrüge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz. Band i. Heft 1.—Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen über Rostpilze, Bern, 1898. 8vo. Fliehe, Paul. Note sur la flore des lignites des tufs et des tourbes quaternaires ou actuels du Nord-est de la France. (Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr. III. xxv.) Paris, 1897. Svo. s naturalisations forestiéres en France et la paléon- tologie. Besancon, 1898. 8vo. ote sur les bois fossiles de Mételin. (Ann. des Mines, 1898.) Dar, 1898. 8vo. —— Note sur les tufs du Brabant a) et les variations du noisetier commun. Paris [1898?] 8vo Florist. The Complete Florist, or the Lady and Gentleman’s Recreation in the Flower Garden, ete. London [1730?] 8vo. Fuchs, Leonhard. Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck van = ver int welcke bescreven is niet alleen die gantse historie n de cruyden, maer oock gefigureert ende geconterfeyt. Basel, iunc 1543. fol. Fuller, Joseph B. See Beckwith, F. Gallardo, Angel. Algunos casos de teratologica vegetal. Fasciación, proliferación y sinantia. — Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, VI.) Buenos Aires, 1898. 8vo Gardener’s New Kalendar. See Hill, J. 1758. Gardiner, Walter. Methods for the demonstration of “ con- necting threads” in the cell wall. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. IX.) [ Cambridge, 1898.] 8vo. Gautier, Gaston. gia oid raisonné de la flore des Pyrénées- Orientales. Paris, 18 Geiger, Hermann. Beiträge zur pharmakognostischen und — Kenntnis der Jaborandiblátter. Berlin [1898 ?] vo, [Gilbert, Sir Joseph Henry.] Memoranda of the origin, plan, and results of the field and e ke c eds a on = farm and in the laboratory hn Benn is ee etc. 1880, 1389, i890, 1892. ae "1892; 1895-96. —— History, and present — of the Rothamsted investi- gations. London, 1890. 8vo 71 (Gilbert, Sir Joseph Henry.] Observations on rainfall, per- colation, and evaporation, etc. (Proc. Inst. Civ. Engin., cv.) London, 1891. Goebel, Karl. Organographie der Pflanzen insbesondere der Archegoniaten und Samenpflanzen, 1-2. Jena, 1898. 8vo. Ueber Studium und Auffassung der boe cpm cid sohehiungen bei Pflanzen. München, 1898. 4to Goldney, Grace. Illustrated guide to the Royal Gardens, Kew. London, 1898. obl. 8vo. Graves, George. A monograph of the British grasses. N. 1-6. London, 1822-23. 8vo Guerke, M. See Richter, K. Hackel, Eduard. The true grasses. Translated by F. LAMSON- SCRIBNER and EFFIE A. SOUTHWOOD. Westminster, 1896. Svo. Hallier, Hans Gottfried. Zwei Convolvulaceensammlungen des botanischen Museums zu Ha are (Jahrb. Hamb. Wissensch. Anstalt. xv.) Hamburg, 1898. Handley, John. Catalogue of T growing in the Sedbergh District, ete. Leeds, 1898. 8vo Hart, Henry Chichester. Flora of the County Donegal. Dublin and London, 1898. $8vo. [Hartless, Amos C.] The art of medicine amongst the natives of the remus District. (Indian Gardening, 1898?) [Calcutta, 1898 ?] 8vo Heiberg, Peter Andreas Christian. Conspectus criticus Diato- macearum danicarum. Kjöbenhavn, 1863. Henniker, Frederick Chandos. Annual note on crop experiments in Assam for 1897-98. Shillong, 1898. fol. Henry, Augustine. A list of plants from stage a with some preliminary remarks on the Geography, etc., of the Island. (Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan, xxiv. SutpL) [1898 ?] 8vo. En John.) The Gardener’s New Kalendar, ege NE to npe weeks ; the system of Linnsu is = explained ‘ . and illustrated, etc. "London, 1158. 8vo. Hirasé, Sakugoró. Études sur la fécondation et l'embryogénie x Ginkgo biloba. (Journ. Coll. Sc. Tokyo, xii.) Tokyo, 1898. Hoermann, Georg. Studien über die Protoplasmastrómung bei en Characeen. Jena, 1898. 8vo 12 Hoffmann, Moritz. Flore Altdorffine delicie hortenses sive catalogus plantarum Horti Medici. Altdorffii, 1660. 4to. Flore Altdorffine deliciz sylvestres sive catalogus plant- um in agro Altdorffino locisque vicinis sponte nascentium, etc. Altdorffi. 1662. 4to Hooker, Sir ee Jackson. Museum of economie botany, or a popular guide the . . Museum of the Royal Gardens of Kew. Enden 1858. 8vo. Ikeno, Seiitsiró. Untersuchungen ueber die Entwicklung der Geschlechtsorgane und den Vorgang der Befruchtung bei Cycas revoluta. hic Coll. Sc. Tokyo, vii.) Tokyo, 1898. 4to. India am. Agricultural onen Bulletin, n. 1, 2, 5. Shillong T 1896, 1898. 8vo - Bengal. Department of Land Records and Agriculture. Bulletin, n. 1, 3, 4. Caleutta, 1896-98. 8vo. Jackson, Edith. Annals of Ealing from the twelfth century to the present time. With introductory preface by W. E. OLIVER, Viear of Ealing. London, 1898. 4to. Joly, J. See Dixon, H. H., & J. J. Jumelle, Henri. Les plantes à caoutchouc et à gutta dans les Colonies françaises. Paris, 1898. 8vo ung, H. R., & Schroeder, W. Das Heidelberger Schloss und seine Gärten i in alter und neuer Zeit. Berlin, 1898. 8vo. Kew. Museum [Guide], 1858. See Hooker, Sir W. J. Kosutany, rege Untersuchungen über die Entstehung des Pflanzen weisses. ath. u. Naturwiss. Ber. aus Ungarn, xiv.) Berlin and Bere 1898. 8vo Lawes, Sir J ee s ipee Upon some propane of soils, kieg have grown a c for many years in successio (Agric. Stud. Gas: 1895). (Cirencester, 1895.) 8vo. Lawes, Sir John Bennet, & Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert. The sources of the nitrogen of our leguminous E ourn. Agric. Soc. Engl, Ser. 3, ii.) London, 1892. 8vo —— Allotments and small zes (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl., Sor. 2 3, iii.) London, 1892. 8vo — — ——- Home produce, are consumption, and price of whea 1859-3 to 1891-2. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl., Ser. 3. iv) London, 1893. 8vo. Rotation of crops. (Journ. Agric. Soe, Engl. Ser. 3, 3, v) 1 London, 1894. 8vo. 13 Lawes, Sir John Bennet, & Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert. The feeding of animals for the production of meat, milk, and no etc. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl, Ser. 3, vi.) London, . 8vo. —— —— The depression of corn prices and the d d wheat in some of the chief rz pes countries, ete. (Int Agric. Congress, Budapest, 1896, and Journ. Agric. Soc. Eng d Ser. 3, vii.) London, 1897. 8vo —— ——— The Royal Commission on agricultural depression and the valuation of unexhausted manures. (Journ. Agric. Soc., Engl., Ser. 3, London, 1898. 8vo. en e growth of sugar beet and the manufacture of sugar in United Kingdom. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl., Ser. 3, ix.) London, 1898. 8vo. — The valuation of the manures obtained by the consumption of foods for the production of milk. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Eng., Ser. 3, ix.) London, 1898. 8vo. € fes wheat supply. (The Times, Dec. 2, 1898.) London. 1898. Lee, James. Rules for collecting and preserving seeds from Botany Bay. fol. Legré, Ludovic. La Botanique en Provence au xvie Siècle. Pierre Pena et Mathias de Lobel. Marseille, 1899 [1898]. svo. : Levier, Emile. Le cas du Docteur Otto Kuntze. Florence, 1898. vo. Lindley, John. Library. See London. Royal Horticultural Society. § 3. Lisboa, José Camillo. List of Bombay grasses and their uses. Bombay, 1896. 8vo Li Shi chen, otherwise Tung pi, and Pin hu. Pen ts’ao Kang mu. [In 52 parts, and 4 of appendix, in 3 cases.] [1658 ?] Svo. Lloyd, Curtis Gates. A Free of the Volvz of the United States, Cincinnati, 1898. 8vo — an Notes. Cincinnati, 1898. vo. e —— Fourth report on the Lloyd Mycological Museum. [Cin- cinnati, 1898 ?] àv vo. Lowe, John. The Yew-trees of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1897. 8vo. . McAlpine, D. Additions to the Fungi on the vine in Australia. (Assisted by GERALD H. ROBINSON.) Melbourne [1898?]. 8vo. 5323 B 74 Macauley, Mary E. See Beckwith, F. Maiden, Joseph Henry. A manual of the Grasses of New South Wales. Sydney, 1898. 8vo. Manchester. Botanic Garden. (With illustration of the entrance.) (The Mirror, 1832.) $8vo. Merula, Re E Begins. GEORGIUS Alexandrinus Petro PRIOLO. M. filio [Marci CATONIS, Marci Terentii VARRONIS, Lutii Junii Moderati COLUMELLA, erue Rutilii Taurii Aemiliani, de re rustica opera. Colophon. Impressa Regii opera et impensis Bartholomei BRUSCHI Hire BoTONI [vel Bottoni al. Brusci] regiensis, 1482 nonis Junii. Ends with one page, Registrum]. fol. Opera Agricolationum : COLUMELLAE: VARRONIS : CATONISQ : necnon PALLADII: cum exscriptionibus and com- métariis. D. Philippi BEROALDI ; Verso of title begins. Georgius ALEXANDRINUS Petro PRIOLO. M. filio Veneto. S. [cum Beroaldi epistola. Colophon. Impressa Regii impésis DIOYSIl BERTOCHI Regien. Imp. ante divo Hercule Este. 1496. 14 Kalen. Octobris. Registrum on verso; D. VGERII pontremulensis legum scholastici ad lectorum carmen ; and printer’s monogram.) fol. Meschinelli, Luigi (latinized Be Contributo alla —€— fossile. Su alcun i funghi terziarii del Piemonte. ti R. Ist Veneto di Bojana. Ser. VIL, Tome ix.) Venezia, 1898. 8vo. —— Fungorum fossilium omnium hueusque cognitorum icono- graphia. Vol. i. Vicetis, 1898. 4to. —— Monografia del genere Acicularia d’Archiac. (Atti R. Ist. Ve Veneto di Scienze. Ser. VIL, Tome ix.) Venezia, 1898. 8vo. Micheli, Mare. L'exposition quinquennale de Gand. Bull. Soc. d’Hort. Genève, Mai, 1898. Suppl.) Genève, 1898. Svo. Montrouzier, Xavier. See Beauvisage, G. E. C. Moore, David, & Alexander Goodman More. Contributions towards a Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 2, founded on the papers of the late A. G. MORE, by NATHANIEL COLGAN and REGINALD W. SCULLY. Dublin, 1898. 8vo Moore, Thomas. A popular history of the British Ferns and the allied plants, London, 1851. Svo. —— British wild flowers. London, 1867. 8vo. More, A. G. See Moore, D., & A. G. M. Mott, F. T. Two papers on the origin of organie color. (Science, 1893.) Leicester, 1898. 8vo. Newhall, Charles S. The Shrubs of Northeastern America. New York, 1893. 8vo. 3323 B2 75 Niedenzu, Franz. Index lectionum in lyceo regio hosiano brunsbergensi . . anni 1898 instituendarum. Precidit dissert. De genere Bunchosia. Brunsbergæ, 1898. 4to. Obach, Eugene Frederick Spree Cantor lectures on gutta percha. London, 1898. 8vo Oskamp, Dietrich Leonhard. Afbeeldingen der Artseny-Gewassen, etc. Verfolg. Eerste Deel (by ADOLPHUS YPEY). jpg cpu 1813. 8vo. Palladius, R. T. A. See Merula, G. Pax,F. See Engler, A., & O. Drude. 1898. Peradeniya. Botanic Gardens. See Willis, J. C. Petermann, Wilhelm Ludwig. Deutschlands Flora. Leipzig, 1849. 4to. 2 Pharmacopeia. British Pharmacopeia, ete. London, 1898. vo. Plants. Religious Tract Society. (s.l e.a.) l2mo. Prodromus flore batave. Vol. ii, pars 2. Ed. 2. Nijmegen; 898. Svo. Reid, Clement. Memorandum respecting the survey of some recent deposits. [With introductory note by SIR A. GEIKIE]. (London, 1898). 8vo. Richter, Karl. Plante Europe». Emendavit eere gi M. Guerke. Tomus ii. Fasc. 1. Leipzig, 1897. Rigler, Gustav von. Die ——. und nun. Eigenschaften des Donauwassers. (Math. u. Naturwiss. Ber. a Ungarn, xiv.). Berlin and Budapest, 1898. 8vo Risquez, Francisco A. Farmacopwa Venezolana. Caracas, 1898. 8vo. Robinson, Gerald H. See McAlpine, D. Robinson, William. The English flower garden. Ed. 6. London, 1898. 8vo. Rochester, Report of the Board of Park Commissioners of the city of Rochester, N. Y. 1888-98. [Rochester, 1898]. 8vo. Rodrigues, João Barbosa. Plante mattogrossenses ou relacäo de plantas novas, etc. Rio de Janeiro, 1898. 4to. —— Plantas novas cultivados no Jardim botanico do Rio de Janeiro. vi. Rio de Janeiro, 1898. 4to. 76 Rothamsted. The Rothamsted experiments. Plans and sum- nov mne = eS reference in the fields. 1896-98. (London), 1896-98. 8vo. — Rothamsted experiments. Manures and manuring. Extr. 8vo Rusby, Henry Hurd. A comparison of the English and German works on the genera of plants, with special reference to the United States Pharmacopeia. [Baltimore ? 1898]. 8vo. Sadebeck, Richard. Die Kulturgewüchse der deutschen Kolonien und ihre Erzeugnisse. Jena, 1899 [1898]. 8vo. Saunders, William. Possibilities of agriculture in the Yukon district. (Dep. Agric. Ottawa). [Ottawa, 1898]. vo. —— Horticulture in Canada. Boston, 1898. 8vo. Schiffner, Vietor. Conspectus Hepaticarum Archipelagi Indici. Batavia, 1898. 8vo. Schimper, A. F. Wilhelm. rcm auf physiolo- gischer Grundlage. Jena, 1898. 8vo Schinz, Hans. Der botanische Garten und das botanische Museum der Universitit Zürich im Jahre 1897. Zürich, 1898. 8vo —— Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universitát ürich. Herausg. von H. S. v.-vii. (Bull l'Herb. Boiss. vi, denies, 1898. 8vo. —— See Durand, T., & H. S. Schlotterbeck, Julius Otto. Beiträge zur mec hen Spas pharmakognostisch wichtiger Samen. Bern, 1896. 8vo Schunck, Edward. Alkoholische Gährung ohne Hefezellen. (Ber. deutsch. Chem. Gesellsch. xxxi.) Berlin, 1898. 8vo. Schwendener, Simon. Gesammelte botanische Mittheilungen. Berlin, 1898. 2 vols. 8vo. Scully, R. W. See Moore, D. Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 2. Seward, Albert Charles. On Zncephalartos Ghellinckit, Lem., à rare Cycad. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. ix.) [Cambridge, 1897.] Shannon, W. C. See Smith, J. Donnell. 1898. Smith, Erwin F. Wakker’s Hyacinth Bacterium. (Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sc. xlvi. ) 1897. 8vo. 17 Smith, Erwin F. Botany at the anniversary meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. (Science, N.S. Vol. viii.) [Washington, 1898]. 4to. — Notes on the Michigan disease known as “ Little Peach.” (* Fennville Herald," Oct. 15, 1898.) Fennville, 1898. 8vo. — Potato as a culture medium with some notes on a synthe- sized : substitute. Some little-used culture media which have proved valuable for differentiation of species, Notes on Stewart’s sweet-corn germ, Pseudomonas Stewarti, n. sp. (Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sc. xlvii.) [1898]. 8vo ——— Some bacterial diseases of truck crops. (Trans. Peninsula Hort. Soc., 1898.) (1898). 8vo. ——— The spread of plant diseases. Boston, 1898. Svo. Smith, J ed Donnell. An enumeration of the plants collected in Central Am ca by Dr. W. C. Shannon. (Intercontinental Rail- bes Gon maio, Vol. i, Pt. 2.» App. 3.. Washington, 1898. to. Somerville, Alexander. County and Vice-County Divisions of the British Isles. (For Biological purposes.) [Glasgow, 1898.] fol. Somerville, William. Eradication of charlock in corn crops. (Technical Education in Northu abes Cireular €.) [New- castle-upon-Tyne, 1898.] 8vo. Stubbs, William C. Sugar Cane. Vol.i. The History, Botany and Agriculture of Sugar Cane. - [Baton Rouge, 1897.] vo. Suksdorf, Wilhelm N. Flora washingtonensis. A catalogue of the Phenogamia, etc., of the State of Washington. (White Salmon ?, 1892.) Tonduz, x Informe sobre la Enfermedad del Cafeto. San José, 1893. Trail,J. W. H. See White, F. B. W. Tschernich, Franz. Deutscher Volksnamen der Pflanzen aus dem Nórdlichen Bóhmen. (Jahresber. K. K. Akad. Gymnas. Wien, 1896-97.) Wien, 1897. 8vo Turner, Frederick. Brentford : Literary and historical sketches. London, 1898. 8vo Tusser, Thomas. Five hundred points of good husbandry. London, 1672. 4to. United States. Department of Agriculture. Division of Bio- logical Survey. Bulletin, n. 9-11. Washington, 1898. 8vo. 18 United States. Department of Agriculture. Div. Entomology. hr of . . . American Economic Entomolo ; e by S ÉRNSHAW. Parts Iv.-v. Continued by N. BANKS. Part VI. Washington, 1895-98. 8vo. port of the Secretary of Agriculture, 1898. Washington, 1898” 8vo. Urban, Ignatz. Symbole Antillane seu Fundamenta Flore Indiz Occidentalis. i. Fasc. 1. Berolini, ete., 1898. 8vo. Varro, M. T. See Merula, G. Velenovsky, Sene. Flora bulgarica, ete. Supplementum 1. Prag, 1898. Warington, Robert. On the distribution of the nitrifying gren in the soil. (Journ. Chem. Soc. li. London, 1887. vo. — The amount = ae acid in the rain-water at Rothamsted, etc. (Journ. Chem. Soc. lv.) London, 1889. 8vo. —— On Nitrification. Part I [A report of experiments made in the Rothamsted ae | (Journ. Chem. Soc. lix.) [London, 1891.] 8vo. White, Francis Buchanan White. Flora of Perthshire, edited, with an introduction and life of the author, by J. W. H. TRAIL Edinburgh, 1898. 8vo. Whymper, Edward. How to use the aneroid barometer. London, 1891. 8vo Williams, Frederie Newton. Provisional and tentative list : the Orders and Families of British Flowering Plants. 2nd Editio [ Brentford, 1898.] Willis, John Christopher. Official hand-guide to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya. Ed. 5. Colombo, 1898. 8vo. Ypey, A. See Oskamp, D. L. $ 3.—PERIODICALS. Including the Publications of Societies. Ames, Iowa. Iowa Agricultural S Experiment Station. Bulletin, 34, 36. Ames, Iowa, 1897. 8vo Bulletin agricole de la Martinique, pos sous le patronage du 1398]. consultatif du Jardin Botanique, n. 1-2. Saint-Pierre 8vo 79 London. The London Botanical er Club. Reports, 1896-97. London er e 1898. 8vo Royal Geographical Society. Year-Book and Record, 1898. Lol endi 8vo. —— Royal Horticultural ees Catalogue of the Lindley Library. London, 1898. 8vo Madison, Wis. Tenth annual report of the Wis eda Experiment Station of the University of Wisconsin. Madis 94. Michigan. Michigan State Agricultural College Experiment Station. Botanical Department. Bulletin, n. 1-4. [Lansing ?], 1897-98. 8vo Mittheilungen über Düngungsversuche. n. 10. Gemüse, n. 1. [Leopoldshall-Stassfurt, 1898.] 4to. New York New York Agricultural por Station. Bulletin, n. 136-144. Geneva, N.Y., 1897-98. 8vo Siena. Bulletino del Laboratorio [ed Orto] Botanico della R. Università di Siena redatto dal FL. TAssr. Annol. Fasc. 1-3. Siena, 1897—98. Tökyö. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo. Vol. xii.. Part 2 (1898), see Hirase, S. ; Part 3., see Ikeno, 8. onto. University of Toronto studies. Biological Series cm by R. RAMSAY WRIGHT. N.1. Toronto, 1898. 8vo. $ 4.—MANUSCRIPTS. á Baker, John Gilbert. Catalogue of Madagascar plants. 4 vols. vo. Hale, J. G. Drawings (coloured) of British Fungi. c. 1789. sm. fol. Parish, Charles Samuel Pollock. Drawings (coloured) of Orchidee (executed chiefly at Moulmein between the years 1856 and 1874). 2 vols. large fol. Kev. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 1900. LOND PRINTED FOR HIS XS STATIONERY —Ó—— Nos DARLING & SON, Lr»., 34-40, Bacon STREET, And to be purchased, either directly or hr Bookseller, from MAN anp SON 4 Ferrer Lanz, E.C., or OLIVER & & BOYD, EDINBURGH ; ew PONSONBY, 116, 16, Gnarron Samar, "Dosts. CONTENTS .Date. Article. Subject. Page. 1900. I. Botanical Museums in France - - 1 ib Madar (Calotropis gigantea) with plate 8 II. Botanic Garden, Durban - - -| 12 IV. Miscellaneous Notes - - - 1:18 Appendix 1. - — got! of seeds of — herbaceous plants 1 of trees and shrubs, p ne — New garden plants of the year 1899 - | 37 » UL- _ Catalogue of the Library. Additions | 53 received darin 1899. &» Me — Botanical Departments at home and in | 83 India and the Colonies. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. SULLEN MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, Nos. 157-168. 1900. I.—BOTANICAL MUSEUMS IN FRANCE. During the Autumn of 1897, Mr. J. M. Hillier, Assistant in the Museums of the Royal Botanic Gardens, was instructed to visit the principal botanical museums in Belgium and Holland, with the view of noting deficiences in the Kew Museums and of observing © the general arrangements of the collections and the methods adopted in mounting and preserving museum objects [Kew Bulletin, April and May, 1898]. Asa result of this visit, many interesting and valuable products have been obtained and added to the museums, and useful hints gathered on practical museum Work. In view of the efforts made by Kew in developing the natural resources of our W. African possessions, and of French enterprise in that portion of the African Continent, Mr. Hillier was further instructed, in July of 1899, to proceed to France, for the purpose of studying, more particularly, the vegetable products of French Colonial possessions in a few of the more important museum collections. The Museum of the French Colonies in Marseilles, in particular, has afforded much desirable information. The following report has been furnished by Mr. Hillier. JARDIN DES PLANTES, ROUEN. The gardens are situated on the outskirts of the city. The plants are classified according to the system of A. Brongniart, and are for the use of the School of Botany, at Rouen. There is no museum connected with the gardens. MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, ROUEN. , This collection is in a new building, which, at the time of my visit, was not yet opened to the public, as the specimens were in 1375 Wt 89 3/1906 D&S 29 23698 & 2 course of arrangement. The director, Prof. Pennetier, readily conducted me through the museum. The botanical section is not a feature of the establishment, but the director intends to develop this branch in course of time. When a King ames the museum will be very useful and instructive, as it contain ri attractive exhibits. Amongst the botanical specimens I to find anything to call for special mention in sedition with the Museums of the Royal Botanfe Gardens. Adjoining this museum, but distinct from it, is an ancient building, in use as a Museum of Archeology. COMMERCIAL MUSEUM, ROUEN. This museum consists of a very erg, collection, which must be of great value to the commerce of the City of Rouen. Fibres, fabrics, together with French abd Algerian pend Sp form the bulk of the specimens. Cotton is particularly well repre- sented, a retrospective series of printed fabrics of this Eu together with some beautiful printing blocks in wood a l eing of special interest. English, Canadian, and er cotton materials, and Engli sh lace, as imported into Mexico, Cochin n illustrating the Rhea industry, and various materials employed for brush-making, are also to be seen. Tan addition to the above i8 alarge number of portfolios filled with patterns of iei fabries, and there is also a small library attached to the muse JARDIN DES PLANTES, PARIS, The botanical section of the Museum of Natural History in these gardens is scientific rug than economic. The collection, reet chiefly of fruits arranged under their respective ae benii in lofty orale and table cases, is employed for ing purposes. Several special cases contain good models illustrating the life history of the cocoa-nut and coco-de-mer (Lodoicea sechellarum, Lab.), and also models of the “ Cambare of Java (Amorphophallus campanulatus, Bl.) and a model of the upper portion of e stem of Cycas circinalis, L., bearing a cone and leaves. There are also other interesting models, of dps workmanship, s for special mention, such, for instance, as ihe large series of gourds an füng i, four special cases being utilised for the display of the latter, many of the illustrations ing in section. Another group - models well displayed an admirable for teaching g purposes consists of a considerable col- lection of exotic fruits together with the foliage, the work of M. de Rob illard "d'Argenielle, prepared in Bourbon between the years 1802 and 1826, the majority of them being in excellent preservation. Many paintings of economie plants are along the tops of the cases. Pis extensive paleontological series of — is arranged separate cases in the bays of the Museum. The entrance hall to the collections contains trunks of tree ferns, pass &es and a 3 fine gnarled base of the stem of Corylus Colurna, L., the wood of which is used for turning fancy articles and = cabinet work. Notes were taken of various specimens required for Kew, an also of a method of mounting specimens Pris iN different from that followed at Kew. her part of the gardens in an old and somewhat dilapidated building is a large and varied collection of economic specimens which formed part of the old Natural History Museum of Paris. This collection contains many products of considerable age and interest, having been collected during the reign of Lois ec . Cornu and M. Bureau afforded me every facility for studying the olleutiuns under their charge, with the result that I was enabled to take notes of many very Pee: products M. Cornu informed me that it is intended to erect as soon possible a building to receive this eollestion: which will be Kept distinct from the arranged museum of the gardens. In con- sideration of the importance of the trade in so-called African mahogany, it may be well to record ihe fact that M. Cornu has at the present eei under cultivation in the gardens plants of the bon mahogany of commerce, = so far he has been enabled to identify map a oe of Burse L'ÉCOLE SUPÉRIEURE DE PHARMACIE, PARIS. In _— to suggesting that I should visit this institution, M. Cornu very kindly accompanied me n i: after per- sonally | faked ding me and explaining my mi o M. Plan- chon, the Ra assisted me with details of genita bearing upon the collectio e Museum consist of several large and separate ae ne of den ugs. One series is arranged according to the classificatio of Durand, prs individual specimen bearing a number w. ich corresponds to the Herbarium collection. Another collection is arranged geographically, and a further collection consists of specimens classified according to the qr of the plants employed under the heads of stems, bark, roo The original collection made by Guibourt is preserved in the Museum. The specimens in the upright cases are for the most part contained in gat eet jars, very few being in fluid; those in the table cases are placed in glass trays on stands, affo rding every facility for eee examination by the students. M. Planchon explained the arrangement t of the Museum, and readily gave me permission to examine the collections. Many of the specimens are unique and of historical interest, and, generally speaking, the useum afforded much valuable information, Under the above- described system of arrange ement, the Museum contain n Specimens in duplicate, which Bed pg altogether advisable in a limited space, but it is only j record the fact that each Specimen is distinctly labelled i in green order. JARDIN DES PLANTES, DIJON. This is a very prett pute and evidently very old. It tains many social fast ren 4 i d shrubs, and a fairly large gaiis: tion of economic plants decer according to natural orders. 23698 A 2 A At the entrance to the garden isa Museum of Natural History containing niany interesting specimens, but only a few illustra- nical order, but does not appear to have been adde1 to for some time. - Adjoining the museum is a sinall herbarium. JARDIN BOTANIQUE, LYONS. This is by far t the most beautiful garden that I visited. It is situated in the Parc de la Téte-d’Or, which covers 280 acres, and contains a large collection of economic plants, scientifically arranged and dintinedy labelled. Many exotic plants are sunk in pots in the beds, aquatics are grown in shallow cement pans sunk i e The houses contain many striking and interesting plants, those of economic value bear cast iron enamelled labels illustrating their geographical distribution ; examples of these labels are preserved in the Kew Museu m for refe A group of plants, consisting chiefly of Cacti, is grow permanent bed in theopen. It is er in the form of a tiers, the whole being enclosed in a span-shaped iron frame covered with wire netting of small Tisch. The Delia is a list of the larger plants established in the palm house : Caryota rumphiana, Mart Caryota excelsa, Hort. ex. H. Wendl. ` Rhopalostylis Baueri, W.&D Rhopalostylis sapida, "W.&D. Livistona ge Mar Livistona australis, renga manillensis, Wendl, Cocos Datil, Drude & Griseb. Acanthophæniz rubra, Wendl. Astrocaryum rostratum, Hook, f. Acanthorhiza War enge Wendl. Gaussia sp amt eghti, ^ rans, Rer-Gawl. Strelitzia Beste Thb. Pandanus Candelabr um, Beauv. There is no museum in the gardens, PRIVATE COLLECTION OF ECONOMIC BOTANY, LYONS. It occurred to me that I might obtain some information upon the bs Sg ae dyes employed in the silk trade at Lyons from M. Cesa antre, a resident in that city, and an ardent economic botas. who has eir pit = T times, many valuable products to the Kew Mus I was surprised to find that, notwithstanding the rank of fte asa patentee oe e, it does not possess a museum of any importance. M. Chantre very kindly furnished me with the list of silk dyes which is "d below, and also invited me to view his private collections of drugs and other products. In the course of business, M. vei has recently resided for a considerable period in the East, and during a six months sojourn in Shanghai, parihased, in the markets, a splendid : collection of Chinese ine which he allowed me to go through 5, 5 and take at en he also gave me several specimens for the Kew Museum VEGETABLE DYES EMPLOYED IN THE SILK INDUSTRY, LYONS, Gambier (Uncaria edis idi Roxb.) This is the principal vegetable dye in Sumac (Rhus De rd. Turkey Nut Galls (Quercus lusitanica, var. infectoria, Chinese Gall ; Japanes Sails | (Rhus semialata, Murr.). Safflower (Carthamus stg A L.). Turmeric (Curcuma lo Js Orchella Weeds (Roccella ge, Je Indigo (Indigofera tinctoria, L., and I. Anil, L.). In addition to the above very large quantities of extract from Sweet Chestnut bark (Castanea sativa, Mill.) are employed. BOTANIC GARDEN, MARSEILLES. This garden is very pleasantly situated in the Borély Park, on the outskirts of the city, and in close proximity to the sea. It is approached from the city by fine roads planted with avenues of Oriental Planes. The classified collection of plants is not very large, and is for the use of a School of Botany in the garden. A Chateau lonis by, in a Park proper, is utilised as a museum, the cimens consisting chiefly of Archeological antiquities and a few Ethnological erdum but nothing of botanical interest. COLONIAL MUSEUM, MARSEILLES. This very important institution is under the control of the Minister of the Colonies, and is situated in the immediate vicinity f the Docks. The pro oduets are arranged geogr graphically in wall and table cases made of oak. Each specimen is very distinctly labelled with native and scientific names, and, in many instances, notes on its properties and uses are added. Through the courtesy irecto : through the museum, ich I found to be very rich in the products of the French re I took notes of a large number 9f products unrepresented at Kew, and also gained much M rine information with regard to the native names an add to specimens already in the Kew Museums. A oóitéitiol of Herbarium Specimens is contained in drawers under the table cases. M. dieses readily agreed to my suggestion to exchange ea THE DOCKS, MARSEILLES. Great activity prevails Siena in the wig ig of the docks, and the visitor une fail to realize the importance of illes as a port. Enorm Een of Mey ter are to be seen everywhere. The followi wing notes refer to those vegetable products which I was able to BEE 6 It was striking to observe the quantities of copra Cocos — ma in heaps and sacks, shipped chiefly trom Singapore mbique. This port is the centre of the ground nut vem. ge a ais I visited two large sheds con- nn enormous heaps of ground nuts in the husk. Workmen were engaged in sifting and weighing this product into small bags. The Hote are from three to four feet in diameter, suspended oil cake, square and circular in shape, which I found, upon enquiry, to be the residue of the ground nut after the extraction of the oil. I also noticed on several occasions oil cake of various pes and colour being carted to the docks for export. In er riet to copra and ground = were other oil seeds, including rape, mustard, linseed, and castor oil. Many miscellaneous pro- ducts may be added to the list, si as rice in sacks, wheat which was being unshipped from Bom mbay, liquorice root in oblong cumbersome bales wrapped i atting made of Tilia bast, large casks of olive oil from Tunis, Bilas of cotton, sandalw ood. chips in sacks, long cese packages of Chinese matting, bales o Chinese coir, crin vegetal (green and black), bales of jute, esparto, and orchella weed, aka latter packed in matting of palm leaf, peel held together with bands of iron hooping. I also observed one occasion what appeared to be teazled esparto being lhere were ME of castor oil, Backs of peas (Pisum sativum, L.), bags of bine root for the manufacture of tobacco pipes, a and very neatly and closely ES bales of liquorice root and bales of virgin cork awaiting expor arge quantities of timber stacked in she is similar to those of the London Docks, but with less care and unifo were also noted. I was enabled to identify with a fair amount of certainty the following :—Fine butts and burrs of walnut from Batoum and ea a scab of various ee ed chiefly boxwood in 6, 7, and 8 feet lengths and about 10 inches in "acr from Batou m, Macassar, and Mozambique, m D . omp, of the Jardin des Plantes, Faris, is derived from a species of Bursera, planks apparently of a coniferous wood | “Saigon usine,” a light-coloured wood shipped from Hull which I took to be ash, and very large quantities of oak staves for casks, = addition to - set I noticed on eals whole trunks of a a pine of about 1 foot in dinde whi probably pit props used in mining. MISCELLANEOUS NOTES, In Paris, Lyons, and Meme a : e the pods of Arachis hypogea, L., are commonly hawked about the streets under the name of Pistacios. Pistachio Nut is the common 7 name for the fruit er Pistacia vera, L., a small tree of Western Asia in the Levan I any instances, at Lyons and Marseilles, I observed semi- vinis tubs at the entrance to grocers rs Shops, containing ripe Olives (black) preserved in oil, and the green unripe fruits pickled in brine. I also noticed, in one instance, at Lyons, roasted Barley exposed for sale, which, upon enquiry, I was given to understan is employed by the poorer classes as a substitute = coffe x vo mixing with it. It may be of interest to record some of the to which Esparto (Stipa tenacissima, L.) is put, pértisubiri yl in "the neighbourhood of Marseilles. Strong, serviceable baskets of this material are very generally used on the quays for unloading charcoal, coal, and other sub- stances, iiie baskets are also employed on bu Ulins for hoisting stone, bricks, &c., they are also carried by street scavengers for clearing up rubbish with the "eee of : ee broom formed tou “stan for mooring vessels to the quays. Peaches and ari were very cheap, and in one instance, at Marseilles, I saw a fine basket of ripe Mangoes exposed for sale ; they were stated to come from Ceylon In the pena markets at Marseilles plants and cut flowers were in great variety, pot plants from Mignonette to Tree Ferns and Cycads could be obtained at a very seep rate. In one of the open markets in this city Garlic (all roped) was in = em abundance, and it was quite a common occurrence to m an individual coming from the market with a rope or two of ( Garlic thrown over the shoulder, carrying a beau zer — bushy plant of Sweet Basil pinna Sea. L.) und erh arm. This plant > aromatic properties, and is in Korida as a flavouring agen and also for dubie purposes, and diy be bought for wan 2] pence. or quantities of og Tilia tlowers, in baskets and sacks, were exposed for sale in the markets and shops, an infusion of them is bu sit drank as an antiperiodic after meals. Tilia euro, L., T. argentea, Desf., and T. peduncularis, Delile, are indiscriminately used for this purpose. I also noticed that Walnut leaves (Juglans "en L.) were in quantity. An infusion of them is employed asa popular remedy for scrofula. Among other vegetable products ated bise Mallow plants and flowers. These ha ve mucilaginous properties, and are used as pot-herbs, and, in medicine, as Pe. ents. ' Fruiting spikes of a Plantago were also in abundan The seeds are extremely mucilaginous and are valued for their demulcent properties. petals and Orange leaves are also to be found in the markets, the latter are employed medicinally in infusion, or as a distillate, as a substitute for Orange flowers On several occasions I notic ed, in Marseilles, women plaiting Esparto into bands about 3 inches wide. It is evidently used in is form for making baskets. I also observed a large quantity of à these bands in one of the Dock warehouses of the city. J. M. HILLIER. IL.—MADAR. (Calotropis gigantea, R. Br.) With Plate. Calotropis gigantea and C. procera are easily distinguished though, from a practical point of view, their properties are Kew, and are figured in the Botanical Magazine for 1886 (tt. 6862 and 6859). The former figure is reproduced to illustrate this article. C. gigantea is a much larger coarser plant than C. procera. Both are widely spread in India. But outside it their distribution, as Sir Joseph Hooker points out, is contrasted. (C. gigantea It is an erect spreading perennial bush which chiefly frequents pana arca. Roxburgh placed it in the genus Asclepias, and demigods of Rudra. The ancient Arabs also appear to have had superstitious beliefs regarding it, since they associated it with sun-worship. Itis the ushar of the Arabs and the khark of the ersians, but the former seems to be a generic word for milk- yielding plants, and was probably restricted to Calotropis at a comparatively late date. Abu Hanifeh was perhaps the first Arab writer to give an explicit account of it, but much useful informa- tion will be found in the writings of Ebn Baithar (Transl. by 3). This plant may be said to yield GUTTA-PERCHA from the milky sap; a strong FIBRE from the bark; a useful FLOSS from the seeds; anda MEDICINE from the root-bark. Space cannot, however, be afforded to do more than review even these properties very briefly, and there are many minor ones. * 9 THE GUTTA-PERCHA. The inspissated and sun-dried sap (milk) drawn from the stems constitutes the madar gutta often mentioned by writers on India. It is, in fact, the most hopeful of the many gutta-yielding plants that do not belong to Sapotacee, ee MM ily which affords the true gutta-percha of commerce. There are large tracts of the sandy deserts of Rajputana and Central Ses as also of Sind, in pera this plant is not only the most prevalent but almost the only form of vegetation met with. In many instances also it has been observed to be the pioneer in the reclamation of sterile tracts. collectively of the products of this plant, much good might result to India. Its production could be fostered, and by selection and cultivation the quality and quantity of the produce Nasce until the plant assumed the condition of a regular crop for poo soils. But unless some method could be designed for extracting the milk from shoots cut on ent of their fibre, it is feare that it would not pay to tap this plant specially for its gutta. The stems and twigs are too small, and the yield from each too little, to justify the opinion that methodic tapping would prove remunerative as an industry by itself. Moreover, it has been found by chemical experiments that un gutta, being a fairly good en of electricity, is not suited for te) purposes, and is thus very possibly sen: from one of the most profitable Deka for this class of product. BARK FIBRE. - The bast fibre has attracted considerable attention and been spoken of as one = the best of Indian fibres. The great diffi- culty appears to consist in the inability to separate it a, and cheaply. Unfortunately the fibre cannot be prepared by retting the stems, since it is reported to rot when so treated, and yet the cleaned fibre when made into fishing lines ind nets (as is the case in Karachi) seems quite durable and Mu re u po A when used in sea-water. Mr. Liotard, after many experiments per- formed in Caleutta with Bine machinery generally, arrived at the unfortunate conclusion that the hopes formerly entertained by himself and others regarding this particular fibre were never likely to be realised :—1si, because of the small percentage of fibre (1°56) to weight of stems, and 2nd, the shortness of the ultimate fibre. But in recent experiments con- ducted at the Imperial Institute with a sample procured from Madras, Professor Wyndham R. Dunstan found that the staple measured full lly 12 inches (Agri. Ledger No. 2 of 1899, p. 8). en er Dodge (Useful Fibre Plants of the World, 108) re of ground ıplanted 4 by 4 des with this plant will yield 10 ne of green stems and 582 lbs. of fibre; this would mean a yield of roughly 2*6 per cent. He then adds that the fibre possesses many of the qualities of flax, though somewhat finer. Its ne tenacity; lustre, and softness in fact fit it for many industrial purposes. Cross and Bevan found that when nitrated it a hardly be distinguished from silk, and long years ago T showed that a rope of this fibre broke with a 10 weight of 407 lbs., when a similar rope of cotton gave way with à dip en coir with 224 lbs. Iti is, however, quite incorrect to s ha n done by Wiesner (Rohst. anz. Reh. II. 37 et Dodev and others, e this fibre is widely used in India. Although prepared to a small extent by certain persons for very A ecial eri ge the greatest possible difficulty was experienced n procuring the few pounds en by the Imperial Institute für the Erreicht just mention Mr. G. W. Strettell (New cin. of Revenue to India) advocates the value of this plant as a paper material. It may thus be Loin concluded that, were it stent possible to utilize the gutta an additional source of revenue, the fibre, either for textile pirposes or paper-making, might, in apts of all that has been said to the contrary, prove worthy of special consideration. (Zhe Agri. Ledger No. 2 of 1899). FLOSS. The coma of hairs or floss from the seeds constitutes one of the so-called vegetable silks or silk-cottons. This was chemically examined by Mr. Cross (see The Agri . Ledger No. 17 of 1897, p. fibre to be blown away. “Tt is, eg, a Soft, very white floss, wu s a beautiful silky gloss, has been repeatedly spun xp ea ge Aa and the textile produced much admired. Re a sample of the floss submitted to him i the dem Institute, i in 1897, Mr. C. E. Collyer observed that some years previously the floss had been in gens d for fancy textile purposes, but that it had dropped out of use owing to the diffi- culties arising from variation in the quality of the parcels sent and the intermitteney of the supply when requirements arose. He thought that the Er might be revived if a moderate but con- aran i i but the floss left in its natural condition, unopened and discoloured portions removed. N otwithstanding all this, no progress has been made in the utilization of the fibre. In India it is largely employed for stuffing quilts, its lightness being of great advantage, and in upholstery it holds a recognised position, since pillows and cushions stuffed with it are held to be very cool and refreshing. : is rar di to some extent, regularly spun and made into fishing ines an Such tig isall that can be said of the utilization of this floss at the present day. But there would appear to be little doubt that a few centuries ago this fibre was regularly spun and woven into some of the most beautiful textiles for which India was then fam a uman labour was of much less value than at the present time. Modern advances, coupled with the import of cheap Euro- pean gi ‚seem to have destroyed the old industry. It would appear fairy certain that the madar floss was the “ grass,” the “cloth of herbes," * herba," &c., of early European travellers and 11 traders in Bengal, more especially Orissa. Further, that the traffic hey allude to gave to the English language the expression * Grass-cloth," which later on became associated with a textile derived from China. Thus Cesar Frederike (1563-7) speaks of “ Cloth of herbes,’—“a kind of silke which groweth amongst the woodes without any labour of man. And when the bole thereof is growen round as bigge as an orenge, then they take care onely to gather them." Rhea never could have been found e: * wild plant in Orissa, and the allusion to the “bole” or fruit, from which the fibre was obtained, precludes rhea from secre sitom altogether. The passage most unquestionably denotes Calotropis gigantea. This view is confirmed by Fitch (1585) who gave an account of his explorations of the eee including Orissa (Orixa as he calls it) where there was “great store of | the cloth which is made from the Grasse which they nias That v ernacular er ds oy ihi. to Linschoten, under Rehmeria nivea, because all modern writers, whom I have been able to consult, quote the above passages, ed several itio to the same effect under Rhea, in place of Calotropis, to which they most un- doubtedly belong. Coming to more deer dates, Capt. A. Hamilton ( of New Account of E. Indis, pub. 4) who, in 1627, visited Bengal, and passed up the utr to Benares and tna, describes Bala as produc ing manufactures of eme silk, Sore mixed silk and cotton, and of * herba (a sort of toug of which they make gighams, pinaseos, and several other goods for exportation. ” Even so late as md Milburn mentions, among his Bengal piece goods, ** herba toffatie Though it is certainly most sure that this ancient industry in silk-cotton textiles should have died out completely, and been all but forgotten, it is a useful object lesson of the possibilities of the future, which manufacturers would do well to consider. MEDICINE. would take man es to indicate even a tithe of the the flowers, the E and the root-bark. The late Dr. Kanny Lall Dey, C.I.E., regarded madar as a useful medicine when given during remission of intermittent fevers, and especially if these were associated with eczema. ‘The majority of Indian medical writers extol the merits er the root-bark in the treatment of irem ntery. In order to verify these emere the study of was taken up by the Central Indigenous Drugs Committee of India. Authentie parcels of the root-bark were procured and made up in the É of both a powder and liquid extract. These preparations were issued to a selected number of Hospitals and Dispensaries ehe India, with the suggestion that they should be used as alteratives and alterative tonies. By chemical tests it n previously ascertained that the bark of mature plants was preferable to that of immature ones, since they con- tained a higher percentage of the acid and bitter resinous matter on which the property depended. Asa substitute for ipecac 12 it is not so satisfactory as its reputation would seem to imply. In fact, in acute-dysentery and chronic diarrhoea, it is found un- In small doses vs say, 3 to 5 grains of the aan stimulant, hence the Kar was often expressed that it might, with advantage be combined with cinchona in the treatment of certain fevers. Mis an emetic the powder, in doses of 30 to 40 grains, was found very effectual. GEORGE WATT. IIIL.-BOTANIC GARDEN, DURBAN. Under the skilful administration of the Director, Mr. John Medley Wood, A:L.S., the Botanic Garden , Durban, or, as it was On the 23th May, 1883, Dr. Sutherland, the Surveyor-General, addressed to the Natal Government an interesting report on the history and state of the Garden at the time. This is a historical document of considerable interest, which it is desirable to repro- duce "is convenience of reference, as it is apparently not otherwise accessi THE SURVEYOR-GENERAL TO COLONIAL SECRETARY. 28th May, 1883. The Botanie Garden at Durban took its rise from a grant of 50 acres of ground that was made to the Trustees of the Natal Agricultural and Hortic ultural Society from the town lands of Durban about 30 years ago. A subsidy of £50 a year was granted them in aid of the Society out of Colonial revenue. From time to time that subsidy was increased proportionate to the increase of the revenue until now it stands at £350. The Society was established with the view to the promotion of various agriculi tural industries, and the subsidy was granted with the same object. At the outset the en (vod considerable support to the Society, = evinced great interest in the efforts that were el forth by the Trustees and the anak, The latter opened c mae with kindred institutions in various British Calnaion pecially with the Royal Gardens, Kew, Seeds of our Colonial flora were collected, and live plants in War were sent in exchange for seeds and plants believed 2 be suitable for industrial or pedis: purposes. The ann 8 exhibited a large array of exotics under sul saepe some of which give promise of great SRI and as fast as plants were suffieiently grown for distribution, they were Pesce up with avidity and soon took firm hold in apu Colony. 13 Plantains, anaia Pine sumens and fruit trees in great variety were thus plentifu ally disseminate as the Cocoa N ut, Mim ‘alinbat complete fai lur inchona, as represented by various species, "and almost every known plant. yielding rubber or gutta-pe ar oo been tried for which even the climate of this Colony may not be a The Botanie Garden at Durban is on the lower dye ot the Berea. The lowest portion of the ground is com sand, impregnated with traces of undecayed mould, derived from the disintegration of various species of rush, dwarf Cyperus, and which Durban stands at an average level, above the sea, of about 90 feet, With the ascent of the Berea to the uttermost limits eg so that only trees of vigorous growth, and far se ing 8, continue to thrive in it, and being very loose, open, and wah t clay, the effects of manure soon pass off. I make these observations in extenuation of s little success that has attended the sirenuous efforts of the various Curators, who were placed in the Garden under the control of is Trustees. The reports sent in, w any i there were losses owing to the tentative or angie e nature of the Curator’s work. But these very losses were not out profit, for the reason that the public were thus prevented ren away any of their efforts in the same direction. In the endeavour to show what has been done in South Africa, ing dich raisti ex a oa years the gro thes exotics became a prominent feature in the Colony. Every ! had its plantation, which embraced numerons speoies of 14 valuable timber trees of the coniferous order. On Mr. Corduke's estate, at the Settlement of York, there are many hundreds, if not thousands, of indigenous and exotic trees yielding valuable timber. The exertions, later on, of Messrs. DIPS Blackbarrow, Topham, Wilkinson, Todd, Risley, Pepworth, Smith, Baynes, Sutton, Henderson, and many others, in the pae aia of forest plantations, si resulted in the occupation of tracts of land with forest wth far in excess of the denudation, or deforestation, of natural steals caused by the demand for timber for purposes of Colonial industry. The artificial forests thus created have great advantage in their greater accessibily than the natural forests, the latter, as a rule, being on dee, ss mountain slopes, with a West or Sout Western exposure. The growth, also, of timber in the planted forests is considerably in excess of that in the natur al. One acre of land, suitable for the gums or wattles will,in ten years, yield elose upon two hundred tons of timber. In little more than half the same period Pinus insignis has been known to attain a diameter at the butt of fully a foot, and a height of 50 feet. Gums and Acacias, with a little care at the outset, have been known to drain most thoroughly swamp land, the only mode of escape for the lodgment of water c Ens the foliage of the plantation. Several professional nurserymen are in full employees near the City of Pietermaritzburg, at elevations of 2000 to 3000 feet above the sea level. The tree and plant lists produced by these s growth. Moreover, the Botanic Society of Pietermaritzburg, and its grounds near the City, may take rank in the growth and diffusion of highly useful and ornamental trees. With the exception of the experimental efforts applied in the Gardens at Durban, all that has hitherto been done has been directly gels as supplying a great Be necessity. No doubt many will n begin to ramify into rese Roche: when there will be no little bad of doubt, and, perhaps, loss. Already consider- able advance has been made in tea plantations, [Introduced from ew. See Kew Bulletin, 1887, September, p. 12] which have succeeded in producing a good and marketable article, Acum standing that our climate does not bear comparison with that of China or India. That the ee which should be taken in Botanical Enterprise in this Colony is not what it should be, for the benefit of Colonists themselves, there is no room for doubt, but, at the same time, there is proof of some interest in the operations of the several nurserymen now fairly established in the Colony, and in the annual reports of the Botanic Societies of Durban and Pieterm aritzburg, of the Horticultural Society of Pietermaritzburg, and of various Agricultural Societies throughout the Colony, all of which are liberally subsidised by grants from the Colonial exon Ms and maintained by the contributions of individual members. No small share of interest has bsen shown in Botanical een in the enactment of rigorous — and the une of Proclamations from time to time, when there danger of the introduction of diseases, by means of imported ecd which might severely affect the prospects of the planters, | 15 When doubts arose touching the safety of imported plants, and their immunity from disease, steps were immediately taken for the protection of the NM even if they involved the destruction of the plants in ques The interest of the Gorani has further been evinced by the appointment of a Commission to enquire into the condition of the natural forests. The Report of that Commission has, for some time, been under the consideration of the Legislature, with the view, probably, to the creation of a Department of Forestr try. (Signed) P, Œ SUTHERLAND, - Surveyor General. IV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Visitors during 1899.—The number of persons who visited the Royal Botanie Gardens during the year 1899 was 1 dp that for 1898 was 1,277,215. The average for 1889-98 w. The total number on gei was 503,08), and on n soit dio 694476. The maximum number on any one day was 59,561 on August 1, and the pes "50 on December 5. 'The detailed monthly returns are given below :— January... (s is sv m FE Yd ER wae idis ... 21,020 j'ai in We i Ts sio 48,789 April 3 116,405 May... y 153,327 June pi 192,941 July E 208,880 August .. 264,115 September .. 111,633 October . 33,413 November ... 19,317 December ... 10,288 recommendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for "Foreign Affairs, Forester in the British Central Africa Protectorate. Mr. STANLEY ARDEN, a member of the gardening staff of the Royal Botanie Gardens, has been appointed, on the recommenda- tion of Kew, by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Superintendent of Experimental Plantations in the Federa Malay States, 16 r. ISAAC HENRY BURKILL, M.A., F.L.S., a Principal cuna. in the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed, on the recom- mendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for India in er Assistant Reporter on Economic Products to the Government of India ADRIEN RENÉ FRANCHET.— By the sudden death of this botanist on February 14, 1900, France has lost her most eminent and most esser umi phytographer, and the students of the botany of Easte n Asia, more especially, one of the most amiable and the most hososmble o ellow-workers. A. R. Franchet was in his sixty-sixth year, an nd 4 the last twenty-five years of. his life were principally devoted to the study of the flora of China and Japan, beginning with the Enumeratio Plantarum in Japonia sponte Crescentium (1875-9), which he compiled in conjunction with Dr. L. Savatier, who resided in Japan for some years. One of the merits of the Enumeratio for botanical and horticultural purposes consists in the references to the illustrations in the Japanese classical works Honzo Zufu, Somoku Zusetsu, snd Kwa-wi. Dr. Savatier had previously published a translation i Ex letterpress of the Kwa-wi, but the figures have not bee roduced. The earliest contribution to botanical literata be Mt. en that has come under our notice is the foundation of Bruniera in 1864 ( Billotia, i., p. 25,t.1) on Lemna arrhiza, L., but he had been anticipated by Hor kel and "Schleiden | inregarding it as generically distinct. Amen ng his other early papers were a on the genus Verbascum, a“ a descriptive mono- of the Central European species. But his Flore de Loir-et- rre (1885) is his most ipo uit contribution to European botany, being a fully descriptive, historical, and geographical account of the hn nts of the Department. In the midst of his Chinese labours, Franchet found time to elaborate the piano collected by the * Mission Révoil" in ‘Somaliland, 1882; the plants of the * Mission Capus" in Turkestan (Ann. Se. Nat., 83-4); and the flowering plants of the French “ Mission Scientifique du Cape Horn,” 1882-3. Returning to the botany of astern Asia, it may be safely asserted that since the death of e. J. Maximowiez there was no botanist who could pretend to possess the same critical and detailed knowledge of the plants of that region as the late A. R. Franchet. "The titles to his various niger ee would fill a page of the Bulletin. They are enge f pee and Societies’ publications, but m of d em were iss rately as well, and some of them = gg illustrated, specials those that originally appeared n the Nou Herden Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de the latter are :— Plante Davidiane (the separate hrysosplenium ; and Les Carex de l'Asie Orientale. Of the Plante Delavayane, an inde ependent octavo illustrated work, only three pars appeared, the last in 1890. p at dde Franchet described at least 1100 new Chinese species, besides a considerable gambr of new genera. Prominent among the genera, of which escribed rx ew species, are :—Carez, Gentiana, Life 17 Primula, Quercus, Rhododendron, Saussurea, and Senecio. His last paper, “Sur les Swertia et quelques autres Gentianées de la Chine ” (Bulletin ri la Société Botanique de la France, Fev., 1900), has reached Kew since his death. Mr. Franchet held no lucrative post ; no professorship. He for many years attached as botanist to the Muséum VHistoire Naturelle, of Paris, but received the very smallest pittance for his services. This may account for his having accomplished so much wo He seems to have been universally respected and esteemed ; was for many years an active member of the Botanical Society of spondent. Ernst.—The Botanisches pite igne p. 256 re, 1, ^ i900) announces the death of Dr. A. Ernst, who was for any years Professor of Natural History in the deii Simi Director of f the N ational Museum at Caracas, Venezuela. Dr. Ernst corresponded with Kew and conte bute to the collections, eser to the economie side. His time, apart from teaching, was pri pally devoted to the investigation of the vegetable Beet gir of Venezuela, both of wild and cultivated plants, and to the diseases of plants, especially those due to, or accompanied by, fungus parasi One of his earliest contributions T pera of Botany, 1865, p Hi 143, 977, 306) is on the plants used medieinally at Caracas, Venezuela, and their vernacular names. followed by many others of a similar character, and of great useful to give the title wu Mar potioXon Nacional de na en 1883, Obra — de orden del Ilustre Americano, General Guzman Blanco, por A. Ernst. Publicacion del Minisierw del Fomento. Orhi as. Imprenta de “La Opinion Nacioral,” 1884. e also wrote reports on the partic ipation of Ve nezuela in the exhibitions at Vienna, in 1873, and Philadelphia, in 1876. Presentations to the Library ag d 1899.—The second part of M Evans's work—JDescriplions and Figures of essrs. W and Naiat a MER Plants (See Kno Bulletin, 1898, p. 206), has B 18 been received. Amongst the hey plates included in this part are three of new species, namely :—Oncinotis gius Moraea en. ige Chlorophytum Bayyorthit From the author, Prof. A. Gravis, of Liége, has been received an Slabdrate quarto work entitled : : Rams Eolo anatomiques et Le gerne be igs sur le T descantia virginica, L.; also Archiv es de U Institut Botanique de l'Université de Liége, vol. 1. From Mr. Ti iei ck the final part of his work on the Gramineae, which includes descriptions and figures of the ce reda and cultivated grasses of France d pter Britain, and Switzerland. Dr. J. P. Lotsy has sent a copy Mededeelingen den ws Gabrabhric der Gouvernements K iraola neming, No. 1, containing his work—De Localisatie van Alcaloid in Cinchona Calisay ya rip meer en in Cinchona succi- rubra. Aninteresting volume entitle = Textrinum Antiquorum, an account of the Art of Havin among the Ancients, by James Yates, London, 1843, has oe received from R. B. Prosser, Amongst other presentations may be mentioned Mr. A. Jaezewski's Monographie du genre Sphaeronema, Fries, from the author; Transactions of the Jenner Institute of Preventive Medicine, second cie ne the Council; Icones Selectae Horti Thenensis, from Mr. van den Bossche ; Die Entwickelung der Pflanzengeographie is din let ien hundert Jahren, from the author, Prof. A. Engler ; Tentamen Florae Rossiae Orientalis, by of about 20 serial publieations presented by the Bentham Trustees. Plants presented to the Herbarium during 1899. — Five fascicles of excellent specimens of Hieracia, from France and Spain, distributed by Messrs. G. Arvet-Touvet and G. Gautier. Dr. F. Arnold has sent the continuation of his Lichenes Exsiccati. A set of Sieber's plants, collected on his “ Iter alpinum delpi- nense,” from Dr. J. Briquet. Austrian “Kryptogamae Exsic- catae," Century IV, from Dr. A. Za visse * Flora Exeiccalà has om Dr. Sven Hedin's plants, also from Tibet, from Professor F. W. C. Areschoug. The chief Chinese collection received was a set of Oaks from Shensi, presented by Dr. E. Baroni, of Florence. Indian and Malayan plants have been contributed by Dr. D. Prain, J. F. Duthie, Esq., H. N. Ridley, Esq., Dr. Treub, and C. Curtis, Esq., and numerous specimens, frequently of his new species, from British New Guinea, and Queensland, by F. Manson Bailey, Esq. J. H. Maiden, Esq., and R. T. Baker, Esq., have sent new or rare plants from New South Wales, and Maurice Holtze, Esq., of Adelaide, a set of Mr. Max Koch’s plants from the Mount Lynd- — Distric t, South Australia. Two small collections from the hbourhood of Albany, Western Australia, have been received an Sergeant B. T. Goadby. Amongst the African collections received is one made Sine Ae cem M. S. Wellby, during his travels in Southern Abyssi ral small ones from K. J. Cameron, ger made at. fied; "British Central Africa, and. — E J, 19 Lugard's, from the Kwebe Hills, Ngamiland. Dr. L. Pierre has contributed a number of specimens of critical species from Western Tropical Africa. A collection, consisting chiefly of ferns, from Zanzibar Island, has been received from J. T. Last, Esq., and Natal. Professor W. G. Farlow has presented 42 Cryptogams, chiefly American, new to the Kew Herbarium. J. Macoun, Esq. continues to send collections from Canada and the islands of the Behring Sea. Specimens from Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming, have been sent by Professor Pammel, from the Bahamas, by Mri Northrop, from Jamaica, by W. Fa weett, Esq., from Mexico, by Mr. Michele, and from British Guiana, y G. S. Jenman, Esq. C. B. Clarke, Esq. = p Dr. Ule's Cyperacex, from Brazil, and Mr. C. Lindman's Cyperaces», from Brazil and Paraguay ; Dr. Briquet a set of Héneik and Czermak’s Central Brazilian plants; Dr. Fischer von Waldheim, petaloid Monocotyledons and Cyperaces, collected chiefly by Riedel, in Brazil, and Mr. P. M of Stockholm, a collection from Temperate South Am Exceedingly interesting specimens of South American high-level plants have been communicated r4 Edward Whymper, Esq. Sir W. Martin Conway, and E. FitzGerald, Esq. pp i to the lakes Rakas-tal and Manasarowar in Western Tibet, undertaken in September, 1848, by a survivor (Lieut. -General Sir R. Strachey), more than fift years after the event, is an journey in questi Gi by Mr. J. E. Winterbottom, and, among other results, was an excellent collection of dried plants from a —— previously unknown. It is referred to in Hooker a omson lora Indica, Introductory Essay, p. 66,as the most valuable tor its size that had ever been dist ributed Hate India, and as com- this catalogue is incorporated in a pa Journ. Linn. + ext. (1894), ons 125) by M e B. He Peter: n two small Collections of Tibetan Plants. " The mu. catalogue, it may be added, Was published in E. I. Atkinson's Economic Products © the North- West Provinces, pp. 402-670 (1876). d After completing the arrangements of their joint collections, J. E. es mel went to Egypt. "This was in Jan wary, MESE 98698 | B2 20 with diarrhoea and was put on shore at Rhodes, where he died on ei 1854. From that time till the beginning of the present , his own set of dried plants had lain by untouched. Then E collection came into the possession of Mrs. Pain and Mrs. Gnosspelius, cousins of the deceased, who offered to me it to Kew, an offer which was gladly accepted, because it not only supplements the Kew set. but also contains Winterbottom's aean notes. Fortun: — the specimens are no worse for their fifty years’ seclusion aeg ee —It is pretty well known that Petiver's Herbarium proprium is in the Sloane Collection at the British Woden. 7 but Mr. J. G. Er neni. the Curator of the National Herbarium at Melbourne, recently discovered in the Sonder Col- ne ns there a small number of specimens which he correctly rmised to be of the same origin. He sent them to Kew, and they have been compared with, and found to in with those in the British Museum. Some of them have been returned to : fe et and the others retained at Ex They are highly interesting as samples of one of the Pee English herbaria, and also as examples of neatness of labelling. These particular specimens are described in the Philosophical Ty ansactions of the Royal Society of London, between 1700 and 1703. Flora Capensis.—The final part of Volume VII. has been issued, with the following preface to the whole volume by the Director :— It was considered advisable to commence the continuation of the Flora Capensis with Volume VI., which was almost exclusively devoted to the orders which furnish what are familiarly known as “Cape Bulbs." These are perhaps now more largely cultivated in Europe than any other South African plants, and a systematic description of s species it was felt would meet a long- m wan Several pun meres suggested the ya of next attack- ing the seventh and concluding volume of the work in advance of the fourth and fifth, which are sull unpublished. What per- aps more weighed with me is the fact that the orders contained in it admittedly present more difficulties than are likely to be encountered in any other part of the work. It has, however, been my good fortune to be able to enlist the aid of contributors who, in each case, have had the advantage of a special previous study of the groups they have undertaken Amongst these I must enumerate :—Arthur Bennett, Feda z F.L.S, who has peris devoted his attention to N aiadaece ; Dr. Masters, F.R.S., who is an acknowledged Sd e rity on the an C. B. Cl: arke, Esq., F.R.S., who has long been occupied with a comprehensive memoir on the Cyperacee ; and finally Dr. Stapf, A.L.S., who had previously collaborated with volume, and this portion of it at Pags will, I ur rg usefulness in a country which is largely pastoral, 21 For the limits of the regions under which the localities in which the species have been fou nd = occur are cited, reference may be made to the preface to Volum I have again to acknowledge the poen I ew received from Mr. C. H. Wright, A.L.8., and Mr. N. E. Bro ALS, Assistants in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden the former in reading the proofs, and the latter in yG out the geographical distribution. Besides the maps already : in the preface to Volume VI., the following have also been used Natal. By Alexander Mair, 1875. Kaffraria und die östlichen reo Distrikte die Cap-Kolonie. By H. C. Schunke in Dr. A. Petermann’s Mitteilungen, 1885, t. 9 Spezial-Karte von Afrika. Qd: Justus Perthes, To the South African correspondents enumerated in the preface to Volume VL, I have again to tender my acknowledgments for the contribution of specim I must further record my obligations to others, and especially to those whose aid in various ways has been of the greatest value in the preparation of the volume :— ilhelm Brehmer, of Lübeck, has lent E study set of Drége's Restiacee and Graminec, without which it wovld have been impossible to arrive at a correct knowledge of some of the species. Dr. A. Fischer von Waldheim, Director of the Imperial Botanic Gardens, St. Petersburg, has lent the specimens of Danthonia and Pentaschistis collected by Ecklon and br Dr. Theodor Magnus Fries, Professor of Botany in the Uni- versity of Upsala, has lent Thunberg's sein of grasses, which have afforded valuable help in wer correct identification of & some of the species of the earlier auth Leo Hartley Grindon, Esq., or i éotributed a small collection from the Orange Free State. Professor Eduard Hackel, of St. Pólten, Austria, has kindly lent some type-specimens of grasses. Major Wolley Dod, R.A., Sai contributed a very large collection of plants made by himself in the Cape Peninsula, which is My rich in new species. y remains again to add that er expense of preparation and ron of the present volume has been aided by grants from the Governments of Cape ee and Natal. W T T I Kew, March, 1900. List sd published names of plants introduced to cultiva 1876-1896.— This has been issued as Additional Series, Vol. IV. of t ine 2 Bulletin. The m. preface by the Di rector explains the history and object of the work :— The activity of private Misc and nurserymen is con- . tinually enriching our gardens with plants which are either t aight of cultivation or have ben reintroduce ing lost 22 Every corner of the world, which affords any prospect of rewarding a collector, is systematically ws is It would be difficult to estimate the expenditure of mo and labour upon this kind of enterprise, which has not iud duni attended with the sacrifice of life. Unfortunately its results are too often launched upon commerce or otherwise distributed under names which have perii been inaccurately determined or are purely fanciful. These names cannot be wholly ren lg A inasmuch as they re current in horticultural literature. It constantly, therefore, ERP . necessary to trace them to their earliest publication in order obtain information as to the native country of the plants to lich they belong and other particulars relating to them. The task is, however, by no means an easy one, as the notices have to be sought in numerous and widely- scattered horticultural periodicals. To obviate this diffic ulty a list of new garden plants was published in the Gardeners’ Year Book and Almanack as long o as 1860, and this list was continued annually until the Year Book and Almanack of 1886, which "odhtétiied the new plants of 1885. The new plants of 1886 to October were published by instalments in the er of the Journal of Horticulture during the months of January to May, 1887. The publication was not aain in the following year, 'and it was believed that it was = longer — to be undertaken by private enterprise. Such an annual list was, however, found to be so indispensable, even for the work of Kew itself, that it was desided to undertake its compilation by the Kew Staff. Accordingly the list for 1887 was published in the Kew Bulletin for 1888. Tt was accompanied by the following prefatory remark :— “As the publication of a list of new garden plants is of the iS sheng? eier to botanical establishments everywhere, and as “such a would give information respecting many new plan ‘ grown E ew, and distributed, in course of exchanges, to s% rasis Egi in all parts of the world, it has been determined " to continue the list as one of the regular issues of the Kew “ Bulletin. It is believed that such a publication will be of * service to the horticultural world generally." This expectation has been amply fulfilled, and the publication of the lists has been continued annually. From 1890 t this has f t up lists and post up their contents in the form of a iiin. ons mise iiti catalogue. It is obvious that, for the purpose © ing down a name, a search through a lon ng series of annual lists becomes increasingly tedious. It was therefore felt that it would be a boon to others besides Kew to combine the lists for, at any rate, a considerable period in one volume. The Kew Library contains copies of the lists published in the deners’ Year Book for the years 1862 to 1878 and 1 ie to -from public libraries) is that in A possession of the proprietors of the Journal of Horticulture, and this has been most obligingly lent to Kew for transcription. 23 The new plants of 1876 to 1885 were catalogued for the Gardeners’ Year Book by Mr. N. E. Brown, A.L.S., an Assistant in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens—as unofficial work. He proceeded on a definite plan which has been continued since. It was therefore considered advisable in preparing the present list to start with the new plants of 1876. The lists published in the Kew Bulletin are now prepared as routine work by the In addition to species and well-marked varieties, hybrids, whether introduced or of garden origin, have. been included where they ET been described with formal botanical names. Mere cultural forms of well-known garden plants are oinitted for obvious reasons, n every case the plant is cited under its published name. These are largely provisional and often wildly incorrect. When first introduced into cultivation the merit of many new garden plants depends solely on their foliage. Their true jo ebd affinities cannot be ascertained till they flower, and in some cages many years may elapse before this takes place. A striking instance is put d by Talisia Pr inceps, now known to belong to Sapindacex ; it had previously passed in gardens under the names of Thaophrasta pinnata (Myrsinacee) and Brownea Princeps and ecta (Leguminose wheats definite botanical determinations. are possible, or synonymous names exist, these are given in square brackets. Only names are cited which agree in form, at any rate, with. the usual Latin binominal nomenclature. The porponta Napa? for such names has, however, been uniformly omitted, as it was found in too many cases impossible to et it with certainty. The reference given is to the publication in which the plant is first ke d or figured; to this is added, when available, a reference which supplies further information. The natural order is given in the case of the first species cited of each genus. This is followed by abbreviations intended to indicate the appropriate cultural conditions. = briet notice of the habit and most striking pnt of each plant vi c ; but it has not been considered r er s otherwise the list would exceed the limits within’ which it is necessary to confine it. The native country is added at the end. The total number of plants catalogued for the 21 years, which is covered, amounts to 7,600. The majority of the actually new plants included have been derived from the United States of areas known to be rich in species and still imperfectly explored bu. The orders oM ee diclo up are all Monocotyledonous ; i they are Orch æ, Liliace d Aracee. This is. however, only si, icant iq 6 resentin re present drift of horti icultural Bof taste, Th T c enting th popular in the British Isles for ‘ me ake o of their po and the latter on the Continent for their 24 The genera most largely represented are the following :— Odontoglossum as .. about 350 entries. Cypripedium i m B 99 gee Cattleya ae 2 uo NI Dendrobium s FA Rages «| o» i s n in Ei ae Fh Masdevallia ... ju in s EO y neidium ... cO . 4 Croton, Iris ... in 100: each; With r egard to Odontoglossum a grodt number of forms and even of species previously undescribed have been introduced fact, about doubled during the period covered by the list. None of the forms enumerated in the list has originated in cultivation. The art of the gardener has added to botanical science the aas of a considerable number of bigeneric hybrids, i.e., of osses between species rate to distinct and even not very closely allied genera. I at one time supposed that such crosses Miis either imposible, or, if possible, were a proof that the genera were not really distinct. Darwin had long, however, clearly bow that the limitations and Sobie. of cross- fertilisation do not run inquid wi et unie affinities, t e., with e place occupied the par natural classification. It by may be grey io; "x the Nlewing list of bigeneric hybrids ineluded in the lis Aloe x Gasteri Aphelandra x Biensiudsiinn: Bertolonia x Sonerila. Epilelia = Epidendrum x Le Bra ag a = Vii bogus qe x ger Gloxinia x Tapeinotes. ee = Lelia x Cattleya. Phaio-calanthe = Phaius x Calanthe. Sophro-cattleya = Sophronitis x Cattleya. Sophro-lelia = Pophronitis x Lelia, Spiræa x Astilbe. Urceocharis = Urceolina x Euchari Zygocolax — Zygopetalum x braste. An even more remarkable Pu or presented by the at present unique case of a trigeneric hybrid :—Sophro-catlleya Veitchii, a garden hee between Dale onlin ya elegans and Sophronitis yrandiflora The number of names enumerated under Croton largely repre- sents mere forms cultivated for ihe beauty of their foliage of I aun formerly known as Croton pictus. In point of fact the two genera are widely distinct, and — NE two Lo prae of — 25 The publications from which the list has been et MN with the abbreviations used to indicate them, are as follow; Acta Hort. Veces —Acta Horti Petropolitani. American Flori B.H.—La ne erg, B. /3 — Botanical Maga B. T. O.—Bulletino della | Società Toscana di Orticoltura. Bull Mee —W. Bull, Catalogue of New, Beautiful, and Rare Plan Bull. Mus. Paris.—Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, aris. Cat. Comp. Cont. d'Hort. eens aye de la Compagnie Continentale d’Horticultu Cat. Nat. Arb. Zös arya des National-Arhoretums zu Zöschen. Damm. Cat.—Dammann, General Price List and Catalogue of Bulbs. Engros-Cat. des vats Arb. BERN Catalogue des National-Arboretums zu Zösche Fl. and P.—Florist e Pomologist. Zu des S.—Flore pare erre F. M.—¥ ioral — G.a nd F —Gard p rand Forest. Gard. —The Gar Gard. World. re World. Garten -Zeitun: G. —Gardeners’ Chronicle. Gl. — Gartenflora G. EL K < Sx M. — Gardeners Magazine. 7. G.—Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung. cones Plantarum.—Hooker's Icones Plantarum. Ill. H.— per sucer Horticole. Jard.—Le Jar dH wich de ia Société Nationale d’Horticulture de France. J. O.—Journal des Orchidées. J. of H.—Journal of Horticulture. Journ. Bot.—The Journal of Botany. Journ. de Bot.—Journal de Botanique. Journ. Linn. Soc.—Journal of the Linnean Society. d: R H: een of the Royal Hortieultural Society. K. B.—Kew Bulleti L.—Lindenia. Lemoine Cat.—Lemoine, Catalogue et Prix-courant. L'Hort. Int. Cat.—L'Horticulture v sure Catalogue. Lind. Cat.—Linden, Catalogue des Plante M. D. G.—Mitteilungen der Deulsliun Dendrologischen Gesellschaft. M. G. Z.—Moller's Deutsche Garten- alee ` M. K.—Monatschrift für Kakteenku Nat. Arb. Züsch.—Neuh« sites Offerte ‘des Nationale-Arbo- e Tetum ms zu Zöschen N. B.—Notizblatt der ee Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu | Berli 2 26 N. G. M.—Dr. Neubert's Garten-Magazin. O.—L'Orchidophile. nn Bot. Zeitsehn »ift.— Oesterreichische botanische Zeit- rift. O. R. oil Revie Pre: ROHS) la Enida of the Royal Horticultural Society. R.—Reichenbachia Regel, etd — Regel, en Plantarum. R. vue Ar ticole. RHEB edel’ a ase Belge. Sand. ae nee s Catalogu Späth Cat.—Späth’s General ale — Veitch Cat.—Veitch’s Catalogue of Plan Veitch Man.—Veitch’s Manual of dee Planis Sat née —Cattleya and Lelia; Cypr.—Cypripedium ; Dend Dendrobium ; Masdev —Masdevallia Ver. Zool.- Bot Ges. Wien. — Verhandlungen der meris "Kóniglichen Zoologisch Vilmorin Cat. E ange de Vilmorin-Andrieux et Cie. arner Orchid. Plants. — Warner, Select Orchidaceous Plan W.G. bononiensis, L. collina, Bieb. colorata, Wall. drabaefolia, Sibth. & Sm. — var. attica, (Boiss. & Heldr glom * lactiflora, Bieb. latifolia ite — var. ma rantha, (Fisch.). — var. on o (Sibth. d Sm latiloba, DC. persicifolia, L. punctata, Lam. ae. Haenke. pyramidalis, L. ne: Sibth. d Sin. rapunculoides, L. reuteriana, Boiss. & Bal. rhomboidalis, L. 0 = rmatica, Scheuchzeri, "Vul. sibirica, — var. divergens, ( Willd.). Campanula, cont. Steveni, Bieb. thyrsoides, L. Trachelium, Z. Cannabis sativa, L. Carbenia benedicta, Adans. Cardamine chenopodifolia, Pers. g latifolia, Vahl. Carduus n L. s, Benth. nutans, L. naoi Benth. Carex adusta, Boo alopec coidea, Tucker m. axillaris, Good RE MM Good. lepidocarpa, (Tausch.). — var. Oederi, (Ehrh.). os Carey. hirta, L. re, Vil. leporina, Novae- Selandiae, Boeck. paniculata, L. pendula, Hu ds. sparganioides, Muhl. stellulata, Good. tribuloides, Wahlenb. vulpina, L. vulpinoidea, Micha. Carlina acaulis, L. Carthamus flavescens, Willd. lanatus, L. leucocaulos, Sibth. & Sm. tinctorius, L Carum buriaticum, Turez. „Zr Carvi Carum, cont. copticum, Benth. & ook. f. Petroselinum, Benth. & Hook. f. Catabrosa aquatica, Beauv. Catananche caerulea, L. Cedronella mexicana, Benth. var. ook. Velsia pontica, Boiss. Cenchrus tribuloides, L. Cenia turbinata, Pers. Centaurea axillaris, Willd. Cyanus, L. cynaroides, Link. diluta, Dryand. eriophora, Fontanesii, Spach. gra, L. nigrescens, Will —var. Sohnes (Ber nh.). antica, L. salonitana, Vis. Scabiosa, Verutum, L. Centranthus Calcitrapa, Dufr. macrosiphon, Boiss. ru . AR ve don proe cantha, er Griseb. n Syriaca, Schr tatarica, Sc hrad. transsylvanica, L. Schenk. Cerastium alpinum, L. var. lan- atum, (Lam. — var. villosum, (Baumg.). arvense, L. macranthum, Boiss. Cerastium, cont. perfoliatum, L. purpurascens, Adams. tomentosum, Z. Cerinthe alpina, Kit. major, L. retorta, Sibth. & Syme. Chaenostoma foetida, Benth. rye res aromaticum, L. PAg, Crantz. Charieis — Cass. Cheiranthus Cheiri, L. Marshallii, Star k. Chelidonium franchetianum, Prain. majus, L. — var. laciniatum. Chelone Ly = Pursh. ER Dougl. obliqua, L. Chenopodium ambrosoides, L. Bonus-Henricus, L. Botrys, ficifolium, Sm. graveolens, Willd. Quinoa l urbicum, L. virgatum, Thunb. Vulvaria, L. Chionodoxa Luciliae, Boiss. — var. sardensis. Chlorogalum pomeridianum, Kunth. Chorispora tenella, DC. anserinae- di Chrysanthemum folium, Hausskn eoronarium, Chrysanthemum, cont. corymbosum, L lacustre, Br. ee Leucanthem macro vp liim. ' Waldst & Kit. multicaule, Desf. Myco pelieni T G y. Parkoni, Bernh. segetum. setabense, Dufour. viscosum, Desf. Chrysopogon Gryllus, Trin. Cicer arietinum, L. Cichorium Intybus, L. Cimicifuga — Pursh. racemosa, Nut Circaea lutetiana, L. Cladium Mariscus, Br. Clarkia elegans, Dougl. pulchella, Pursh. rhomboidea, Dougl. Claytonia perfoliata, Donn. ibirica, L. Cleome violacea, L. Cleonia lusitanica, L. Clintonia uniflora, Kunth. Clypeola cyclodontea, Delile. Cnicus Acarna, L. arachnoideus, Bieb, canus, Roth. Diacantha, Desf. eriophorus, Roth. lanceolatus, Willd. ochroleucus, Spreng. oleraceus, H tataricus, Willd. Cochlearia danica, L. glastifolia, L. Codonopsis ovata, Benth, Coix Lacryma-Jobi, L. Collinsia bartsiaefolia, Benth. Par . Gra sparsiflora 4 Fisch. & Mey. verna, Nutt Collomia coccinea, Lehm. gran iflora, Dougl. linearis, Nutt. Commelina coelestis, Willd. Conium maculatum, L. Conringia orientalis, Dum. Convolvulus siculus, L. undulatus, Cav. Der et Drummondi, Torr. & Gra UA lane renters N utt. Coriandrum sativum, L. Corispermum hyssopifolium, L. Cornucopiae cucullatum, L. Coronilla atlantica, Boiss. & Reut. cappadocica, Willd. coronata, L. elegans, Pa nc. scorpioides, Koch. vaginalis, Lam. varia, L. Corrigiola littoralis, L. Corydalis capnoides, Wahlenb. claviculata, DC. racemosa, Pers. sibirica, Pers. Corynephorus canescens, Beauv. Cosmidium burridgeanum, Hort. Cosmos bipinnatus, Cav. - Cotula coronopifolia, L. Crambe hispanica, L. maritima, L. Crepis alpina, L. blattarioides, Vill. hyoseridifolia, Reichb. cra Moench. a, L. aeie A Thuill. virens Crocus Balansae, F. Gay. bifl r cancellatus, Herb. var. cili- sian tommasinianus, Herb. vernus, All. zonatus, Gay. Crucianella aegyptiaca, L. Crupina vulgaris, Cass. Cryptostemma calendulaceum, R.Br. Cucubalus bacciferus, L. Cucurbita Pepo, L. Cuminum Cyminum, L. Cuphea Llavea, Lindl. pinetorum, Benth. procumbeus, Cav. Zimapani, Morr. Cyclamen neapolitanum, 7'enore. Cyclanthera explodens, Naud. Cynara Cardunculus, L. Cynodon Dactylon, Pers. Cynoglossum fureatum, Wall. enth. officinale, Z. petiolatum, A. DC. Cynosurus cristatus, L. Cyperus esculentus, L. vegetus, Willd. Dactylis glomerata, L. Dahlia coccinea, Cav. Merckii, Lehm. Datura Stramonium, L. Tatula, L. Daucus Carota gummi ifer, Lam. Delphinium Ajacis, Reichb. shmirianum, Foyle. er a DO. elatum, Z. a dem sedora (Waldst. & Kit. formosum, Boiss. & Huet. speciosum, Bieb. — var. turkestanicum. Staphisagria, tatsienense, Franch. vestitum, Wall. Demazeria loliacea, Nym. sicula, Dum. Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv Desmodium canadense, DO. Dianthus arenarius, L. rmeria, L. atrorubens, All. caesius, Sm. chinensis, L. ciliatus, Guss. cruentus, Griseb Dianthus, cont. 8, Bieb. monspessulanus, L. petraeus, Waldst. & Kit. pinifolius, Sibth. & Sm er pungens, L. Retuienif, Brat & Godr. Seguieri, Vill. tener, Balb. Waldsteinii, Sternb. Diarrhena americana, Beauv. Dicentra eximia, Torr. Dictamnus albus, L. Digitalis ambigua, Murr. lutea, L. purpurea, L. Dimorphotheca annua, Less. hybrida, DC. pluvialis, Moench. Dipeadi serotinum, Medic. Diplachne imbricata, Scribner. Diplotaxis coy Kunze. tenuifolia, Dipsacus a Wall. japonicus, Mig. laciniatus, L. plumosus, , Franch. sylvestris, Mill. Dischisma spicatum, Chois, Doronicum scorpioides, Lam. Dorycnium Rid Vill. rectum, Ser Downingia elegans, Torr. Draba aizoides, L. Aizoon, Wahlnb. arabisans, Michz. ~ ai & Thoms. Draba, cont. a rigida, Willd. stellata, Jacq. Dracocephalum heterophyllum, Ben i ica, L. parviflorum, Nutt. peregrinum, Dryas octopetala, L. Drymaria cordata, Willd. Drypis spinosa, L. Dulichium spathaceum, Rich. Ecballium Elaterium, A. Rich. Echinaria capitata, Desf. Echinodorus ranunculoides, En- gelm. Echinops bannaticus, Rochel. lobifer, Janka. niveus, Wall. sphaerocephalus By Js HE albidus, (Boiss. & Sprun.). Echium rosulatum, Zange. vulgare, L. Eleusine coracana, Gaertn. icta, Foxrb. Elsholtzia cristata, Willd. Elymus arenarius, L. aden canadensis, L. — var. glaucifolius, 4. virginicus, L. Emilia flammea, Cass. Encelia subaristata, A. Gray. calva, A. Gray. Epilobium mem o L. billardierianum, Ser. Doing hirsutum, L Epilobium, cont. Lamyi, Schultz. linnaeoides, Hook. f. uteum, Pursh. montanum, Z. nummularifolium,A .Cunn roseum, Schreb eines ru ac Haenke. tetragonum, L. Eragrostis minor, Host. pectinacea, Nees. Purshii, Schrad. Eranthis hyemalis, Salisb. Eremostachys laciniata, Bunge. Erigeron ET Muhi. glabe “a utt. Er asper ma cranthus Nutt. mucron eee Hook. speciosus, DC. strigosus, Muhl. ‘Benth. & Erinus alpinus, Z. Erodium chium, iie tmoleum, Reut. Eruca sativa, Mill. Eryngium alpinum, Z. amethystinum, L. Bourgati, Gouan. — Delar. mpestre ebrasteakunn, Lam. oliverianum, Delar. panicu ulatum, Cav. & Mns 5 planum ` Serra, Erin & Schlecht. vesiculosum, Labill. Erysimum hieracifolium, L. boryanum, Boiss. hieracifolium perowskianum, “Fisch. : & Mey. Erythraea Centaurium, Pers. linariifolia, Pers. ramosissima, Pers. Erythronium revolutum, Sm. Eschscholzia californica, Cham. tenuifolia, Benth. Eucharidium Breweri, Gray. concinnum, Fisch. & Mey. — var. grandiflorum. Eupatorium ageratoides, L. cannabinum purpureum, L. serotinum, Miche. Euphorbia altissima, Boiss. dentata, Micha. dictyosperma, Fisch. Esula, exigua. green Sp "eng. Lathyris, L. spinosa, L. virgata, Waldst. & Kit. Fagopyrum esculentum, Moench. Fedia Cornucopiae, Gaertn. Felicia fragilis, Cass. Ferula communis, L. syriaca, Hort. tingitana, L. Festuca UAE Vill. bro capitis, Dufour. duriuscula, Z Festuca, cont. gi gantea, Vill. Haller SAU: eier Lam. yuros, L. oa, Kunth. rigida, Kun aa Se had. Foeniculum vulgare, Mill. Fritillaria acmopetala, Boiss. ar pluriflora, Torr. Froelichia floridana, Mog. Fumaria capreolata, L. officinalis, L. uns caerulea, Sweet. ovata, Spren sieboldiana, Hook. Gaillardia aristata, Pursh. Galanthus Elwesii, Hook. f. Galega officinalis, L. orientalis, Lam. Galeopsis ochroleuca, Lam. pyrenaica, Baril. Tetrahit, L. Galinsoga brachystephana, Regel. parviflora, Cav. Galium Aparine, L. boreale, L. tricorne, Stokes Gastridium australe, Beauv. Gaudinia fragilis, Beauv. Gaura Lindheimeri, Engelm. & ay. — parviflora, Dougl. 12 Gentiana asclepiadea, L. cruciata, lutea, septemfida, Pall. tibetica, King. Geranium albanum, Bieb e pratense, L pusillum, monaefolium, Z/ Hérit. Burm. si Richardsoni, Fisch. & sphundifglivis, Ei sanguineum, L. sylvaticum, L. wallichianum, @. Don. Wilfordi, Maxim. Gerbera kunzeana, A. Br. & Asch. Geum n Hort. hispidum „Fri Tr hie cies, Schleich, macrophyllum, Willd. montanum, L parvifloru um, Sm. Aie s Mill. riva été urbanum, Ait. Gilia achilleaefolia, Bent. androsacea, Steud laciniata, Ruiz & Pav. Benth. micrantha, Steud. squarro tricolor, Hook. & Arn. enth. Gladiolus anatolicus, Hort. atroviolaceus, Boiss. Glaucium corniculatum, Curt. vum, Crantz. leptopodum, Maxim. Glyceria aquatica, Sm. distans, Wahlnb. Glycine Soja, Sieb. & Zuce. tee echinata, L. lepidota, Pursh. alt indicum, L uteo-album, L. Gratiola officinalis, L. Grindelia inuloides, Willd. Guizotia abyssinica, Cass. Gunnera chilensis, Lam. manicata, Linden. Gypsophila muralis, L. paniculata, L. Rokojeka, "Delile. Steveni, Fisch. Hablitzia tamnoides, Bieb. Halenia elliptica, D. Don. Hastingia alba, S. Wats. Hebenstreitia comosa, Hochst. tenuifolia, Schrad. Hedysarum coronarium, L. m, Ledeb. flexuosum, L. microcalyx, Baker. neglectum, Ledeb. Helenium quadridentatum, abill. tenuifolium, Nutt. Heleochloa schoenoides, Host. o heh quinquenervis, "y. uina: Torr. & Gray. Helianthemum —— Mill. icifolium, villosum, Thi be an annuus, Z. hyllus, Torr. & Ga “ay. debilis 8, Nos tt. laetiflorus, Pursh. Helichrysum bracteatum, A serotinum, Boiss. Heliophila amplexicaulis, Z. f. Heliopsis laevis, Pers, pitcheriana, Hort. Heliotropium europaeum, L. Helipterum humboldtianum, Manglesii, F. Muell. roseum, Benth. Helleborus WE es huis orientalis, La Helonias bullata, L. atifolia. Hemerocallis flava, L. Heracleum asperum, Bieb. gummiferum j lanatum, Michx lehmannianum, Bunge. Leichtlini, Hort. mantegazzianum, Levier & Somm pyrenaicum, Lam. Sphondylium, Z villosum, Fisch. Herniaria glabra, L. hirsuta, L Hesperis matronalis, L. Heterospermum pinnatum, Cav. Heuchera cylindrica, eyes Drummondi, Hor glabra, Pilosissima, Fisch. & Me y. sanguinea, Engelm. Hibiscus Trionum, L. Hieracium amplexicaule, L. aurantiacum, L. bupleuroides, C. C. Gmel. Hieracium, cont. compositum, Lapeyr. c ries. crocatum, Fries. ewari, Boswell. glaucum, All. — en Griseb. humile, juranum, ra. lanatum, Waldst. & Kit. lactucaefolium, Arv.-Touv. ne Schrank. norvegicum, Fries. alida. ‘Biv. pannosum, Boiss. rigidum, Harim. rupestre, All. stoloniflorum, Waldst. Kit. umbellatum, L. villosum, Jacq. vulgatum, Fries. Hippuris vulgaris, L. Holcus lanatus, L. Hordeum bulbosum, L. rien, Boiss. ubatum maritimum, With. num, prajit Se hreb. Horminum pyrenaicum, L. Hosackia purshiana, Benth. Humulus japonicus, Sieb.d Zuce. ar. variegatus Hutchinsia petraea, A. Br. Hyacinthus amethystinus, L. on L Hydrocotyle repanda, Pers. vulgaris, Hyoscyamus albus, L. uticus, L niger, Hypecoum grandiflorum, Benth. procumbens, L. . Hypericum montanum, L. olympicum, L. & 14 Hypericum, cont. orientale, L. var. decussa- Kunze perforatum ee polyphyllum, Boiss. ch L. rhodopeum, Friv. Hypochoeris aetnensis, Benth. & Hook. f. glabra, L. Hyssopus officinalis, L —var. aristatus, (Jord.). Iberis amara, L. pectinata, Boiss. umbellata, Impatiens amphorata, Zdgw. balsamina, L fulva, Nutt. Roylei, Walp. scabrida, DC. Inearvillea Delavayi, Franch. variabilis, Batalin Inula barbata, Wall. bifrons, L. DC. Conyza, ensifolia, L. glandulosa, Puschk. grandiflora, Willd. er nium, L. hirt sokon C. B. Clarke. Roylei, DC. salicina, L. thapsoides, Spreng. Ionopsidium acaule, Reichh. Ipomoea purpurea, Lam. Iris a Sl Baker. n : a, foetidissima, L. M ieb.). ar ih E Isatis glauca, Auch. tinctoria, L. Villarsii, Gaud. Isopyrum fumarioides, L. Isotoma axillaris, Lindl. Iva xanthifolia, Nutt. Jasione montana, L. perennis, Lam. Jasonia tuberosa, L. Juncus alpinus, Vill. balticus, Willd. bufonius, Chamissonis, Kunth. l maritimus, tenuis, Willd. Jurinea in, Cass. cyanoides, DC. Kitaibelia vitifolia, Willd. Kochia scoparia, Schrad. Koeleria cristata, Pers. phleoides, Pers. Lactuca brevirostris, Champ. muralis, E. Mey. perennis, Plumieri, Gren. & Godr. virosa, L. Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser. Lallemantia canescens, Fisch. & 5 bein: Fisch. & Mey. peltata, Fisch. & Mey. Lamarckia aurea, Moench. Lapsana communis, L. Laserpitium hispidum, Bieb. latifolium, L. 15 Lasiospermum radiatum, Lathraea Squamaria, LZ. Lathyrus angulatus, L. annuus, L. articulatus, L. macrorr hizus, Wi m m. palustris, L. ‘undo Willd. » L. violaceus, Greene. avatera cachemiriana, Cambess. LI d LI n thuringiaca, L. trimestris, L. Layia ae Torr. & Gray. platyglossa, 4. Gray. Lens esculenta, Moench. eene asperrimus, Boiss. nane xum Brake, Hort. Kew hastilis, L. Leontopodium alpinum, Cass. Leonurus Cardiaca, L. sibiricus, L. Lepidium Draba, L. min nifolium, L. incisum, Roth. Lepidium, cont. latifolium, L. Menziesii, DC. nebr rodense, Guss. sativum, L. Leptosyne Douglas DC. maritima, A. Gray. Lepturus cylindricus, Trin. Leucojum vernum, L. Leuzea conifera, DC. Levisticum officinale, Koch. Liatris spicata, Willd. Ligusticum alatum, Spreng. pyrenai Koch Thomsoni, C. B. Clarke. Limnanthes alba, Hartw. rosea, Hartwg. Linaria albifrons, Spreng. alpina hirta, Moen maroccana, Hook, f. a, Mill. anticaria, Boiss. & Reut. minor, Desf. multipunctata, Hoffmgg. d Link. peloponnesiaca, Boiss. He en purpurea, L. reticulata, D & esf. xatilis, Hoffmgg. & Link. Sparten, Hoffmgg. & Link. striata, DC triormithoptures itn Ud. vulgaris, Mill. Lindelophia spectabilis, Lehm. Linum angustifolium, Huds. gran 16 Loasa vulcanica, Andre. Lobelia cardinalis, L. triquetra, L. Lolium multiflorum, Lam. perenne, L. temulentum, L. Lonas inodora, Gaertn. Lopezia coronata, Andr. Lotus corniculatus, Z. edulis, L. eee gies, In siliquosus, L. "Tottecoüclobhs. L. Lunaria annua, L. Lupinus affinis, Agardh. angustifolius, L. reno Dougl. Schuhe Lindl. pubescens, i tricolor, Hort. Luzula maxima, DC. nivea, DC Lychnis chalcedonica, L. Coeli-rosea, Back. Githago, Scop. haageana, Lemaire. cae, 00 pyrenaica, Berger. Viscaria, L. ndi : monogynum, Forst. narbonense, L rsicum esculentum, Mill, nervosum, Waldst. & Kit. > E: mut usitatissimum, L. Lycopus europaeus, L. Lycurus phleoides, H. B. & K. Lythrum hy ssopifolia, L. Salicaria, LZ. Madia elegans, D. Don. sativa, Molina. Malcolmia flexuosa, Sibth. maritima, R. Br. Malva Alcea, L. crispa, Duriaei, Hort. Kew. moschata, L. oxyloba, Boiss. parviflora, L. rotundifolia, L. sylvestris, Z. Malvastrum limense, Ball. Mandragora officinarum, L. Marrubium astracanicum, Jacq. b. pannonicum, Reich Matricaria glabra, Ball. inodora, L. Tehihatchewii, Hort. Kew. ons m e Br. te napi R. Br. tristis, R. Br. Mazus rugosus, Lour. Meconopsis heterophylla, Benth. Medicago apiculata, Willd. falcata, L, ispida, Gaertn. littoralis, Rhode. maculata, Sibth marina, minima, i Murex, Willd. ro age a AN, a, Di eMe rd AI. tuberculata, Willd. turbinata, Willd. Melica altissima, L. ciliata, L. — var, Magnoli, (Gren. & Godr.). 8391 17 Melica, cont. glauca, F. Schultz var. nebrodensis, (Par/.). nutans, L. uniflora, Retz. Melilotus alba, Desr. officinalis, Lam. Mentha sylvestris, L. viridis, L. Mercurialis annua, L. Mesembryanthemum pomeridi- um, L. pyropeum, Haw. Meum Athamanticum, Jacg. Mibora verna, Beauv. Microseris attenuata, Greene. Mimulus cardinalis, Dougl. luteus, L. moschatus, Dougt, Mirabilis divaricata, Lowe. Jalapa, L. longiflora, L. Modiola multifida, Moench. Molopospermum cicutarium, DC. Momordica Charantia, L. Monolepis trifida, Schrad. Moricandia arvensis, DC. Moscharia pinnatifida. Ruiz & Pav. Muehlenbergia mexicana, Trin. sylvatica, Torr. & Gray. Willdenovii, Trin, Muscari Argaei, Hi armeniacum, ake atlanticum, Boiss. fi Reut, neglectum, szovitsianum, Baar B Myosotis arvensis, Zan. palustris, Lam. sylvatica, Hoffm. Myosurus minimus, L. Myriactis nepalensis, Less. Myrrhis odorata. Scop. Nemesia floribunda, Lehm. pubescens, Benth. versicolor, Æ. Mey. Nemophila insignis, Dowg/. maculata, Benth. Menziesii, Hook. & Arn. parviflora, Dougl. Nepeta azurea, A. Br. caesarea, Boiss. Catari concolor, Boiss. & Heldr. ecd inde Heldr. rantha, Fisch. Tee Spr eng. Nepetella, L. da, L spicata, Benth. suavis, Stapf. Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn. Nicotiana acuminata, Hook. alata, Link & Otto. pan Wats. sdorffii, Schrank. Br LA rustica, L. sylvestris. Tabacum, Z. Nigella ee L. hispa Be L. sativa, L. Nolana prostrata, L. Nonnea lutea, Reichd. Nothoscordum fragrans, Kunth. Oenanthe crocata, L. visitoinelofi ok L. Oenothera amoena, Lehm. berteriana, Spach. — biennis, L. IR con petii Torr. & ray. densiflora, Lindi. dentata, Cav. tetraptera, Cav Williamsoni, S. Wats. Omphalodes linifolia, Moench. Onobrychis sativa, Lam. Ononis arvensis, £L. rotundifolia, L. spinosa, L. Onopordon Acanthium, 7. illyricum, Z. Opoponax Chironium, Koch. Orchis foliosa, Soland. atifoli maculata, L. Origanum vulgare, L. Ornithogalum arcuatum, Stev. exscapum, Tenore. fimbriatum, Willd. nutans, Ornithopus perpusillus, Z. sativus, Brot. Orobanche elatior, Sutt, Hederae, Duby. minor, Sutt. ramosa, Oryzopsis multiflora, Benth. & Hook. f. Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Sweet. Oxytropis ochroleuca, Bunge. 1 Paeonia Emodi, Wall. Broteri, Boiss. Browni, Dougl. Palaua dissecta, Benth. Pallenis spinosa, Cass. Panicum bulbosum, HD. c K. L virgatum, 9 | PON. e$ aber, Purs glaucus, Gra. var. steno- sepalus, A. Gray. humilis, Nutt laevigatus, Soland. var. Digitalus, A. Gray. Menziesii, Hook at l ovatus, Dougl. pubescens, Soland. Perezia multiflora, Less. Petunia nyctaginiflora, Juss. Peucedanum aegopodioides, Vi a Papaver aculeatum, Thunb. apulum, Tenore. arenarium, Bieb. Argemone. L dubium, Z. glaucum, Boiss. d Hausskn. | | | | | — var. Eruckeaktım ‚(Lindl.). pavoninum, Mey. pilosum, Sibth. & Sm. Rhoeas, L. — var. latifolium, Prain. rupifragum, Boiss. & Reut. — var. atlanticum, Bail. somniferum, L. Parietaria officinalis, L. Parnassia I Wall. palustris, L. Patrinia villosa, Juss. rupestris, Bunge. Peganum Harmala, L. Peltaria alliacea, Jacq. Pennisetum macrourum, Prin. typhoideum, Rich. Pentstemon azureus, Benth. bar oth. coriaceum, Zteichb. f. raveolens, Benth. Seine sativum, Bah & Hook. f. Schottii, eke Sowa, Kur Copy tit vipa toll nm mpanularia, A. G7 Meeta A. Gray. loasaefolia, FMT: Parryi, Tor tanacetifolia Benth. viscida, Whitlavia, de Gray. Phaenosperma globosa, Munro. Phalaris um ge L. intermedia, Bor. s = tuberosa, E Phaseolus oc Willd. ricciardianus, e, tuberosus, Fo vulgaris, L Phleum asperum, Jacq Boehmeri, Wibel. pratense, Z. Phlomis agraria, Bunge. setigera, Falc. tuberosa, L. umbrosa, Turcz. viscosa, Poir. Phygelius capensis, E. Mey. B2 20 Physalis Alkekengi, L. ncheti, Mast, peruviana, Physochlaina orientalis, G. Don. Physostegia virginiana, Benth. Phyteuma canescens, Waldst. & Halleri, All. Scheuchzeri, All scorzonerifolium, Vill. spicatum, L. Phytolacca acinosa, Roxb. decandra, L. Picridium tingitanum, Desf. Picris echioides, L. hieracioides, L. pauciflora, Willd. Pimpinella gracilis, Benth. Hook. f. ; magna, L. Pisum arvense, L. elatius, Bieb. sativum, Plantago arenaria, Waldst. Kit: Candollei, Rafin. virginica, L. Din, v Platystemon californicus, Benth. ,A.DC. M Pleurospermum angelicoides, Benth. Plumbago micrantha, Ledeb. Poa abyssinica, Jacq. alpina, L. caesia a, Sm caespitosa, “Forst. Chaixii, V? = nemo ralia nevadensis, “Vase y. violacea, Bell. Podolepis acuminata, R. Br. Podophyllum Emodi, Wall. Polemonium caeruleum, Z. flavum, Greene. ua Baker. mexicanum, Cerv pauciflorum, S. Wats. reptans, Polycarpaea latifolia, Poir. Polygonatum biflorum, ÆU. verticillatum, A/l, Polygonum Bistorta, L. caria, Weyrichii, F. Schmidt. Polypogon maritimus, Willd. monspeliensis, Desf. Portulaca grandiflora, Hook. Potentilla alchemilloides, Lapeyr. alpestris, Hall. f. argentea, L. — var. calabra, (Tenore). arguta, Pursh. argyrophylla, Wall. aurea, L. calycina, Boiss. & Bal. chinensis, Ser. mmasii, Tenor glandulosa, Lindl. Potentilla, cont. montenegrina, Pantoc. Wight. PD Ramon recta, £L. — var. laciniata. — var. ee rivalis, Nun. var. is ats. rupestris, L. mig 0. F. + m. pt i nda Hort sericea, L. Sibbaldi, Hall. f. tanacetifolia, Willd. tridentata, UM. Visianii wran spel ee Fisch. & Mey. Poterium alpinum, Hort.Kew. cinale; A. Gray Sanguisorba, L. Pratia angulata, Hook. f. Preslia cervina, Fresen. Primula denticulata, Sm. i. ose yle. Ben al, A. Gray. verticillata, Forsk. vulgaris, Hi ids. — var. coerulea. Prunella grandiflora, Jacq. — var. laciniata, Hort. vulgaris, L. Psoralea macrostachya, DC. physodes, Hook. mille- Pulicaria dysenterica, Gaertn. vulgaris, Gaertn. Pyenanthemum lanceolatum, Pursh. Queria hispanica, L. Ramondia pyrenaica, Rich. Ranunculus acris, L. brutius, Tenore. Chius, DC. Cymbalaria, Pursh. lanuginosus, L. Lingua, L muricatus, L. parviflorus, L. sardous, Crantz. trilobus, Desf. Raphanus maritimus, Sm. sativus, L. Rapistrum rugosum, Berger. Reseda alba, L. g L eo Boiu. & Reut. Rhagadiolus stellatus, Gaertn. Rheum collinianum, Baill. vebbianiti; Royle. Richardsonia pilosa, HB. EK. Ricinus communis, Z. Roemeria hybrida, DC. Rubia cordifolia, L, peregrina, tinctorum, E Rudbeckia AS eia, Vahl. igitata, hirta. E laciniata, L. speciosa, Wender. Rumex alpinus, L. biformis, Lange. buc cephalophorus, d \ ee LI Murr erispus maxim us, ‘Sch reb. nepalensis, Spreng. scutatus, L. vesicarius, L. Ruta graveolens, L. — sole Fen r pilifera, "Reneh, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Z. Salsola Kali, L. var. Tragus, Nym. Salvia argentea, L. Beckeri, Trautv. r. bracteis RUN interrupta, eee japonica, nubicola, Wall. officinalis, L. pratensis, L. regeliana, Trautv. schiedeana, Stapf. Sclarea, L. sylvestris, L. Miet ELS Vahl. rati verticillata, L. viscosa, Jacq. Sambucus Ebulus, L. Samolus Valerandi, L. Saponaria orientalis. L. officinalis, L. Vaccaria, L. Saracha Jaltomata, Schlecht. “aneres. albemenn Hook. f. & discolor, DO. aximo wiezii, Herd. Yakla, C. B: Clarke. xor regm Aizoon — var. Ga Sr b (Bruegg.) — var. incrusta — var. hirta. cartilaginea, Willd. cernua siehe Reichb. Cotyledon var. E eyr.). MR Vest. decipiens, Zhrh. var. Steinmanni, (Tausch). erosa, Pursh. pyramidalis, Geum, L. granu ulata, L. Hostii, Tau u — var. altissima, (Kern.). — var. macnabiana, Hort. hypnoides, L. mers ta, Bell. ar. lantoscana, (Boiss. & = aS mertensiana, Bongard. poltat Torr. & Gray. rotundifolia, . furcata, S Saxifragra, cont. umbrosa, — var. gracilis. Scabiosa arvensis, L. atropurpurea, L. australis, Wulf. banatica, Waldst. d Kit. isetensis, RTS Lo "nat. longifolia, Waldst. & Kit. macedonica, Vis. i L Pterocephala, L. suecisa, L. triniaefolia, Frivald. ucranica, L. vestina, Face. Scandix Balansae, Reut. Schizanthus pinnatus, Ruiz 4 Pav. Schizopetalum Walkeri, Sims. Schkuhria senecioides, Nees. Scilla eg L. bifolia festalis, "Salisb hispanica, Mill. ee L. sibirica, nk verna, Hu Seirpus Eriophorum, Michx. oe reine Em d EB polyphyllus Vahl. riqueter, L. Scleranthus annuus, L. Sclerocarpus uniserialis, Benth. & Hook. f. 23 — Scolymus maculatus, 7. Scopolia lurida, Dun. Scorpiurus vermiculata, L. Scorzonera hirsuta, L. villosa, Scop. Scrophularia alata, Gilib. aquatica, chrysantha, Jaub. & Spach. odosa, L. peregrina L. Scorodonia, L. sylvatica, "Boiss. & Heldr. vernalis, L. Scutellaria albida, Z. ce altissima, L baicalensis, Georgi. galericulata, L. scordiifolia, Fisch. | Securigera Coronilla, Z. | Sedum Aizoon, L. | album, L. t: — var. atropurpureum. populifolium, Pall. p Micha. roseum, ruben EL spathulifolium, Hook. Telephi Sapp Se Hook. f. & Thoms. Selinum Gmelini, Bray. Sempervivum arvernense, Lecog & Lamotte. Boissieri, Hort. boutignyanum, Billot & flagelliforme, Fisch. mettenianum, Schnittsp. montanum, obscurum, Hor t. Pilosella, Hort. Sempervivum, cont. Pome lii M aM Ro oyeni speciosum, ua bee m, L. rl Hort. Verloti, Lamotte. Senecio adonidifolius, Zoisel. x chenopodifolius Cineraria, DC. diversifolius, Wall. L. japonicus, Sch. Bip. Kaempferi, DC. macrophyllus, Bieb. sis "OE basis L. G i, Ledeb. quinque Bieb. tinctoria, L. Sesamum indicum, L. mer annuum, L. atum, L. ee Crantz. Setaria italica, Beauv. macrochaeta, Spreng. verticillata, Beauv viridis, Beauv. Sherardia arvensis, L. Sida Napaea, Cav. Sidalcea candida, A. Gray. diploscypha, A. G7 ay. H wegii, A. Gray Mariana, Hort. . Sideritis scordioides, L. Siegesbeckia orientalis, L. Silene alpestris, Jacq. rmeria chloraefolia, Sm. ciliata, ohiak J ga colorata, Poir Fortune linie cola, C. O. Gmel. longicilia, Otth. ede > Ehrh. a, With. melandriðides, Mane. m, Vis. Masci pali; T noctiflora, L. "um Bs sey E Willd. Otites, Sim. wolgensis, Zawadskii, Her bich. Silphium perfoliatum, Z. 1p. tar m, Eu. Silphium, cont. trifoliatum, L. — var. ternatum, Retz. Silybum eburneum, Coss. Marianum, Gaertn. Sisymbrium assoanum, Lose. & Pard. austriacum, Jac multifidum, Wi ic. polyceratium, L. Sophia, strictissimum, L. Thalianum, F. Gay. Sisyrinchium angustifolium, Mill. graminifolium, Lindl. randiflorum, Lindl. a, Sm Sium latifolium, Z. Smyrnium Olusatrum, L. rotundifolium, Mill. Solanum etuberosum, Lindl. nigrum, L. villosum, Willd. Solenanthes lanatus, A.DC. Solidago canadensis, L. Drummondi, Torr. & Gray. elliptica, Ait. Sonchus ee L. palustris, L. Sorghum vulgare, Pers. Sparganium simplex, Huds. Spartina polystachya, Willd. Specularia en A.DC. Aus nd = penta Dertoliaia, a DC. Speculum, A.DC. Spergula arvensis, L. Sphaeralcea rivularis, Torr. = Spilanthes Acmella, Murr. & 25 Spinacea oleracea, L. Spiraea Aruncus, L. Filipendula, L. Ulmaria, L. Stachys alpina, L — var. intermedia. grandiflora, Benth. graeca, Boiss & Heldr. sylvatica, L. are ae Lestib. s, (Fuss. ximia, Sch renk. era Desf. imon ittis Bire: mas L. peciosa, L. crisi Hort. Suworowi, Regel. Stevia Eupatoria, Willd. serrata, Cav. Stipa Aristella, L. arundin nacea, Benth. Cafamiigrostin, Wahlenb. capillata, papposa, Nees. nnata, L. sibirica, er . gpartea, viridula, Tri in. Swertia Hookeri, C. B. Clarke. perenni | Symphytum peregrinum, Ledeb Synthyris reniformis, Benth. Syrenia sessilifolia, Ledeb. Tagetes er L. Lemmoni, A. Gray. a is Tamus communis, Z. Tanacetum vulgare, L. Taraxacum gymnanthum, DC. Teesdalia nudicaulis, Br. Telephium Imperati, Z. Tellima grandiflora, R. Br. Tetragonia crystallina, Z’Herit. expansa, Murr. Teucrium Arduini, L. Botrys, L. canadense, Chamaedrys, I. Scorodonia, L. Thalictrum angustifolium, L. m, glaucum, Desf. minus, —var. ‘collinum, (Wallr.) — var. elatum, (Jacg.). —- var. flexuosum, (Bor nh.). —var. pubescens, (Schleich. » rasce | | | | ns, - (Geor; 1 gi). oratum, Gren. & Godr. squarrosum, Stephan. Thelesperma filifolium,A. Gray. Thermopsis caroliniana, M. A. Curtis. Thladiantha dubia, Bunge. Thlaspi arvense, L. perfoliatum, L. Tinantia fugax, Scheidw. Tolmiea Menziesii, Torr. Gray. Tolpis barbata, Gaertn. Trachymene pilosa, Sm. ae major, L. pratensis, L. Tragus racemosus, Hall. Tribulus terrestris, L. Tricholepis furcata, DC. Tridax trilobata, Hems/. Trifolium agrarium, L. a L. angustifolium, L armenium, Willd. arvense, L. ee Boiss. clypea m, b: di E Ehrh. iforme, L. maritimum, Huds. medium, Z. multistriatum, Koch. pannonicum, Perreymondi, ` Gren. od. um | squarrosum, Z. stellatum, L * striatum, suffocatum, L. - tridentatum, Lindl. 4 Triglochin maritimum, L. palustre, L. Trigonella corniculata, L. caerulea, Ser. cretica, Boiss Fo oenum-graccum, L. nn Bois olycerata a eg Lindl. Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb. Tripteris cheiranthifolia, Schultz. Trisetum flavescens, Beauv. Triticum Aegilops, Beauv. Spelta, L. violaceum, Hornem. vulgare, Vill Tritonia Pottsii, Benth. Tropaeolum aduncum, Sn. majus, L. minus, L. nn chilense, Benth. d grandina, A. Ww laciniatum, 4. Tunica olympica, Boiss. prolifera, Scop. Saxifraga, Scop. Typha angustifolia, L. latifolia, stenophylla, Fisch. & Mey. Uniola latifolia, Micha. Urospermum picroides, Desf. Ursinia pulchra, N. E. Br. Urtica pilulifera, L. — var. balearica, (L.). thunbergiana, Sieb. & Zuce. ern! officinalis, exaltata, riran). sambucifolia, 21 Valerianella carinata, Loisel. co Poll. vesicaria, Moench. Velezia rigida, L, Vella annua, L. Venidium perfoliatum, Less. Veratrum nigrum, L. Verbascum Lychnitis, is nigrum. olympicum, Boiss. ee Bieb phlomoides, L. irerkakten, Vill. Verbena angustifolia, Michz. Au urticifolia, L. Verbesina helianthoides, Michx. TT Bidwillii, Hook. f. glauca, pc ^ Sm. longifolia, L. officinalis, L. orientalis, Mill. virginica, L. — var. Spon: (Steud.) noa pd Dorth. ropurpurea, Desf. ta, Desf. Cracca, D. n Agra DC. a — var. equina, and. * fulgens, B gigantea, Hooi graminea, sai Vicia, ae hirs a, S. F. Gray. lut i melanops, a & Sm. Orobus pyrenaica, Tiar a, L. Mee L. juga, A. Vat idibus Roth. Vincetoxicum Reichb. nigrum, Mo ench. officinale, Moench. fuscatum, Viola cornuta, L. odo p palustris, L. pitono Mert. & Koch. striata, Ait. syrtica, Sünd. tricolor, L. Volutarella Lippii, Cass. muricata, Benth. & Hook. f. Wahlenbergia gracilis, A. DC. Kitaibelii, A. DC. lobelioides, Link. Waitzia aurea, Steetz. Xanthisma texanum, DC. Xanthium roe aa Ae DC. spino Wine e L. Xanthocephalum gymnospe moides, Benth. & Hook. P Xeranthemum annuum, L. Zaluzianskya capensis, Walp. Zauschneria californica, Presi. Zea Mays, L. Zinnia haageana, Regel. Ziziphora tenuior, L. Zygadenus elegans, Pursh. TREES Acer campestre, L. — var. aetnense. — var. collina, Wallr. cireinatum, Pur cissifolium, K. Koch. coriaceum, Tausch. hyrcanum Fisch. & Mey insigne, Boiss. & Buhse. japonicum, Thunbg. Lobelii, Tenore macrophyllum, — var. violaceum. opulifolium, Vil. — var. ee AND SHRUBS. Acer, cont. pennsylvanicum, L. unb. noides, Pseudo- Platanus, L. var. purpnreum. tatarioun, L. — var. Gi nnala. Ailanthus glandulosa, Desf. Alnus cordifolia, Tenore. lutinosa, in. g utin incana, Wil lld. japonica, Sieb. & Zuce. maritima, Mucha Alnus, cont. serrulata, Willd. subco ordata, C. A. Mey. viridis, DC. Amelanchier alnifolia, Nutz. canadensis, Torr. & Gray. vulgaris, Moench. Amorpha canescens, Nutt. fruticosa, L. Andromeda polifolia, Z. Aplopappus ericoides, DC. Aralia chinensis, L. var. cane- eim spinosa, L. Aucuba japonica, Thunb. Berberis aetnensis, Presl. Sa, Aquifolium, Pur sh. — var. fascicularis, Nichols. — var. murrayana, Hort. sinensis, Desf. Thunbergi, DC. virescens, Hook. f. vu garis, € r. foliis purpureis. wallichiaitl DC, Betula ra L. pubescens, Loud. corylifolia, Regel & Maxim. ica, Pall Ermani, Cham. fruticosa, Pall. — var. — tinm humilis, Schrenk. lenta E Betula, cont. papyrifera, Ma; "sh. dide i Marsh. ila, L. var. Va ovem ulmifolia, ps & Zuce utilis, D. D»; Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Reichb. Buddleia intermedia, Carr. japonica, Hemsl. variabilis, Hemsl. Buxus sempervirens, L. — var. latifolia. — var. prostrata. Calluna vulgaris, Salisb. Calophaca wolgarica, Fisch. Calycanthus occidentalis, Hook. & Arn, Caragana arborescens, Lam. Redowskii aurantiaca, Koehne. brevispina, Royle. frutescens, D disiro piia. Lam. pygmaea, DC. Carmichaelia australis, R. Br. Carpinus eo L. ar. car Bim "Walt. orientalis, Mill. Cassandra calyculata, D. Don. Cassinia fulvida, Hook. f. leptophylla, Hort. Ceanothus americanus, L. Arnoldi t integerrimus, Hk. & Arn. papillosus, Torr. & Gray. Celastrus articulatus, Thunb. reir tese deem is, L urnefortii, Lam. Cistus corbariensis, Pourr. hi L villosus, L, Cladrastis amurensis, Benth. — var. Buergeri. Clematis aethusifolia, Turcz. alpina, Mill. campaniflora, Brot. Uurcz Hendersonii, en lanuginosa, montana orientalis Pi mn tcheri, Torr. & Gray. var. lasiostylis. Vitalba, L. Viticella, L. var. alba. — var. rubra. Clethra acuminata, Mich. alnifolia, L. — var. Michauxii. Colutea arborescens, L. cruenta, Ait. melanocalyx, Boiss. Conyza ivaefolia, Less. Coriaria japonica, A. Gray. terminalis, Hemsl. Cornue alba, L. alternifolia, b f. Am ill. Baileyi, ‘Coult. & Evans. candidissima, Marsh. glabrata, Benth. Mas, L. pubescens, Nutt. sanguinea, L. stolonifera, Michx. Coronilla Emerus, L. Cotoneaster acuminata, Lindi, Lindl. buxifolia, Wall. 30 Cotoneaster, cont. frigida, Wall. horizontalis, Decne. mier seer Wall. Numm ee iens & Mey. pannosa, Fra rotundifolia, Wall. Simonsii, Baker. thymifolia, Baker. Crataegus ambigua, Becker. Azarolus, Carrierei, Vauvel. chlorosarca, Mazim. coccinea, —var. macracantha, Dudley. cordata, Att. Orus-Galli, ; 6 r. splendens, Lodd. Donglasi Lindl. | flava, Ait | heterophylla, Fluegg. hiemalis, Lange — anguinea. oxyacanthoides, Tharill. — var. fructu luteo. pentagyna, Kit. pinnatifida, Bunge. punctata, Jacq. acantha, Pers. Arians uti. sanguinea, Pall. D ica sorbifolia, Lange. tanacetifolia, Pers. mentosa, L. uniflora, Muenchh. viridi ; Capana sees ee x Urr. katensis, Lamb och. Cytisus albus, L biflorus, L’Herit. capitatus, Jacq. ou, cont. frivaldskyanus, Degen, . sulphureus. sessilifolius, L. Daboécia polifolia, D. Don. Daphne Mezereum, L. Desmodium viridiflorum, Beck. Deutzia crenata, Sieb. & Zuce. Diervilla hortensis, S. & Z. sessilifolia, Buckl. — var. splendens. Dorycnium suffruticosum, Vill. ` Eeeremocarpus scaber, Ruiz d edem angustifolia, L. arg . umbellata, Thunb. Erica cinerea, L. diterranea, L. Escallonia exoniensis, Hort. punetata, Euonymus europaeus, L. latifolius, Scop. nanus, Bie Exochorda Alberti, Regel. Fraxinus nigra, Marsh. Ornus, L. Gaultheria procumbens, L. Shallon, Pursh. : al Genista aethnensis, DC. hispanica, L. pilosa, L. radiata, Scop. sagittalis, L. tinctoria, L. var. elatior. virgata, Halesia corymbosa, Nichols. tetraptera Haliraodendron argenteum, DC. Hedera Helix, L. Hedysarum multijugum Maxim. er "n Dunal sum, Dun halimifolium, Will. tabile. — VAT. ` rhodanthum. Hippophaé rhamnoides, Z. pubescens, radiata, Walt. Hypericum Androsaemum, L. Ascyron, L. aureum, dg calycinum, densiflorum, ete. Ait idet. ae Ilex Aquifolium, L. decidu a glabra, A. Gray. paca, Ait verticillata, A. Gray. — var. fructu luteo. Indigofera gerardiana, Wall. hebepetala, Benth. Jamesia americana, Torr. & Gray. Jasminum fruticans, L. humile, L. Juniperus chinensis, L. com 18, L. excelsa, Bieb. Sabina, L. sphaerica, Lindl. zn en L. = var. ide glau it. latifolia. L. Laburnum alpinum, J. S. Presi. — var. biferum, Hort. vulgare, J. S. Presl. Larix europaea, DC. leptolepis, Endl. — var. murrayana. Ledum latifolium, Ait. palustre, L. Lespedeza bicolor, Turcz. Leucothoe Catesbaei, A. Gray. racemosa, A. Gray. Leycesteria formosa, Wall. Ligustrum Ibota, Sieb. sinense, Lour. vul ; Lindera Benzoin, Blume, Liriodendron tulipifera, L. Lonicera alpigena kh angustifolia, Wall. Caprifolium, L. Lonicera, cont. chrysantha, Turez. depressa, ida glauca, japonica, Thun b. Morrowii, A. Gray. : a. segreziensis, Lavall. Sullivantii, A. Gray. syringantha, Maxim. tatarica, Xylosteum, L. Lupinus arboreus, L. Lyonia paniculata, Nutt. Magnolia soulangeana, Hort. tripetala, L. Menispermum canadense, L. Microglossa albescens, C. B. Clarke. Morus nigra, L. Myrica carolinensis, Miller. Gale, L. Myricaria germanica, Desv. Neillia — Benth. € f. opulifolia, a. & Hook. f. Torreyi, S. Wat Notospartium d Hook. f. Olearia Haastii, Hook. f. macrodonta, baker. Ononis aragonensis, Asso, fruticosa, rotundifolia, L. Pernettya mucronata, Gaudich. Petteria ramentacea, Presl. Philadelphus acuminatus, La nge. coronarius, L. Philadelphus, cont. — var. tom FK. & Thoms. gordonianus, Lindl. grandiflorus, Willd. Satsumi, Siebold. Pieris mariana, Benth. & Hook. Pinus Cembra, L. monticola, Dowg/. Peuke, Gri ponderosa, Dougl. Thunbergii, Parl. Piptanthus nepalensis, Sweet. Platanus acerifolia, Willd. occidentalis, orientalis, L. Populus deltoidea, Marsh. igra, L. Sieboldii, Miq. Potentilla fruticosa, L. salesoviana, Steph. Prunus acida, Borkh. var. sem- Puddum, Roxb. serotina, Ehrh. Ptelea trifoliata, L. Pyrus alpina, Willd. ican C. arbutifolia, L. etn L. Boiss. Aucuparia, Gaertn. ta, L. botulsetilie: Bunge. canescens, Spach. 3891 mentosus, Hook. 33 Pyrus, cont. comm lobata, Nichols. longipes, Coss. & Durieu. Ringo, Maxim rotundifolia, Bechst. spuria, : Toringo, Sieb. — er L. angustifolius. E nAi Eschsch. catharticus, crenata, Sieb. & Zuce. Frangula, emend Boiss. purshianus, DC Hi zo kecihum; k. f. ies e L. flavum, G. Don. Fortunei, Lindl. mene E Lodd. ponticum, L. — var. cheitanthifoliam. — — lancifolium. punctatum, Andr. Rhodotypus kerrioides, Sieb. & Luce. Rhus Cotinus, L. gla AE — var. laciniata, Carr. =o Rhus, cont. Osbeckii, DC. Toxicodendron, L. typhina Ribes cue L. r. pumilum, Hort. canes, Pursh. — var. aurantiacum minus, Hort. — var. tenuiflorum, Torr. Dougl. divaricatum, Dougl. fasciculatum, Sieb. & Zucc. Grossula alifar, Waldst. & Kit. — var. Schlechtendalii. sanguineum, Pursh. saxatile, Pall. Robinia neo-mexicana, A. Gray. = Pseudaeacia, L. viscosa, Vent. Rosa acicularis, Lindl. agrestis, Savi. ba, 5 alpina — var. pyrenaica, Gouan. arkansana, beggeriana, Schr enk. hibernica, Sm. humilis, Marsh. — var. triloba. involuta, Sm. var. Wilsoni, aker. Jundzilli, Besser. lutea, Mill. Rosa, con inacrophylla, 7 Lindi. Malyi, Ker spinosa: Fx altaica var. . hispida, Baker. aby Ton. Desv. v irginiana, Mill. ar. grandiflora. bb, Wall. wichuraiana, Crépin. Rubus affinis, Weine & Nees. balfourianus, Blow. Bellardii, Weihe. biflorus, Buch.-Ham. caesius, PX Colemani, Blox. corylifolius, Sim. Herde dt. Jona. dumetorum, Weihe & Nees. Don fuscus, Weihe * Nees. Sea eri, Weihe & Nees. hy vim Weihe d: Nees. Idaeus, da Koehleri, Weihe. laciniatus, Willd. leucodermis, Dougl. leucostachys, Sn. lindleyanus, Lees. longithyrsiger, Lee B macrophyllus, Weihe é Nees ci Bd. Mio M Pest Rubus, co ebd Focke. Godr. kanus, Mor. parvifo us, L. ramosus, s, A PA Weihe = Nees. thyrsoideus, Wim vade e Schott. eucocarpus. Yilliauli Koehl. villosus, Ai 14 Exito Epl, Franch. Ruta graveolens, L. Salix A Ehrh. apre cinerea-repens, Willd. myrtilloi —- var. derss. Tee Lh An- bra, Huds. Smithiana, Willd. Sambucus canadensis, L. glauca, Nutt. melanocarpa, A. Gray. nigra, racemosa, L. — var. serratifolia. Smilax rotundifolia, L. Spartium junceum, L. Spiraea betulifolia, Pall. racteata, Zabel. expansa, Wall 35 Spiraea, cont. japonica, L. f. — var. glabrata, Nichols. Wall. tomentosa, L. Staphylea colchica, Stev. pinnata, L. trifolia, L. Symphoricarpus oa Dippel. mollis, Nutt. var. ciliatus, itt. wie Lt emosus, Michx Modius. A. Gray UR Symplocos crataegoides, Buch- Ham. rap“ nn Wall, rosea, Cornu. piede, Decne. Josikaea, ods vulgaris, Tamarix tetrandra, Pall. Taxus baccata, L cuspidata, Sieb. & Zucc. Thuja gigantea, Nutt. occidentalis, L. — var. Dicksoni. orientalis, L. Tilia (e tab ata, platyphyllos, Se = vulgaris, Hayne. Ulex europaeus, L. nanus, Forst. Ulmus campestris, L. Vaccinium corymbosum, L — var. amoenum, A. Gray. ery rpum, Miche. ovatum, Pursh. 36 Veronica Traversii, Hk. f. Vitis een Micha s, Ruprecht. Viburnum acerifolium, L. heterophylla, T. hunb. burejaeticum, Regel & inconstans, R Labrusca d y riparia a, Mi = dentatum, L. serianaefolia, Maxim. due. Thunb. vinifera, L. Lantana, L. — var. laciniosa. molle, Michz. Opulus, L. Widdringtonia Whytei, Rendle. prunifolium, L. Tinus, L. Zenobia speciosa, D. Don. stellulatum, Wall. — var. pulverulenta. ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. APPENDIX II.—1900. NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1899. The number of garden plants annually described in botanical and horticultural publications, both English and foreign, is now 80 considerable that it has been thought desirable to publish a complete list of them in the Kew Bulletin each year. The owing list comprises all the new introductions recorded during 9. These lists are indispensable to the maintenance of a cultivation at this establishment, many of which will be distri- uted from it in the regular course of exchange with other botanic gardens. The present list rper ie not only plants brought into cultivation for the first time during 1899, but the most noteworthy of those which have been rodhirodnobd after being lost from cultivation. Other plants included in the list may have been in gardens several years, but either were not described or their names had not been authenticated until recently. In addition to rites: and well-marked varieties, hybrids, whether introduced or of garden origin, have been included where they have Dub: described with formal botanical names. Mere cultural forms of well-known garden plants are omitted for obvious reasons. In every case the plant is cited under its published name, although some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where, however, a correction has appeared desirable, this is made, The name of the person in whose A the plant was first noticed or described is given where known 5340—1375—3/1900 Wt81 D&S 29 A 38 An asterisk is prefixed to all those plants of which examples are in cultivation at Kew The publications from which this list is compiled, Aso the abbreviations used B. M.— Botanical Magazine. Toscana di Ortieultura. G . C.—Gardeners' Chronicle World. Jard e Ja r — Kew. L.—Linden ste los Review. R. culture Belge. Späth Cat.— S. H.—la Garten-Zeitung. to indicate them, Mus. Paris.—Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire natur E ctia. Pari —Bulletino o de ella R. Sociotà are as follow rdin. Journ.de Bot.—Journal de Botanique. Journ. Bot.—J ond of Botany. J. of Journal de la Société nationale d'horticulture K. B. —Bulletin = er, Information, Roya H.—Journal of Horti- at.—Lemoine, Cata- D. d. Mikkeilungen dez Deutschen Dendrologischen M. K.—Monatsschrift für — B. —Notizblatt des Königl. botanischen Garten Berlin. N. G. M.—Dr. Neubert’s Garten- ee H.—Revue Horticole. ; i . B. —Revue de l'Horti- R. . Spath, General Nursery Catalogue. Semaine Horticole. W. G.—Wiener Illustrirte The ees in the Se ans of the plants are: —Greenhou diam.— Diam A. Halt herd, Avon Sawitzii. Ut C. 1899, ins Malvacez. “A p foley plant, the iain baia Ps and white." (Lord Leigh.) Acer monspessulanum Bieder- m and speckled with gold. mann, Ostpriegnitz, Germ Acineta colossea. i^ R. 1899, 169.) Orchidacex. 8. lants distri- buted under this nase xt Me ssrs. F. Sander Co. are iden with s. A Aryana, K eet I iss iS 1882, xviii, *Esculus rubicunda ne let Ange Cat. xe 104, 73.) Sapi H. Leaf, flower-stalks ont yong i shoots dark bro flowers deeper in colour than the t type. (L. Spüth, Berlin.) ..(@. C. 1899, 8. A glaucous green colour b with creamy white. (Kew.) r. ft.—Foot or Fee eae ind use. H.—Har E ove. i gp aperte. Con d. 10; s pude tator p" flowers. yria and Armenia. (Max Leiohilin, Baden Baden.) iun — fa a % 7654.) Cupu- e Alder from Werten Winsines, pond ovate-acumi- nate bright green leaves 4 or 5 in. long. (Kew.) aie nomasini, (6. 142 m xxvi. 30.) An ies in, vem at the See gradually narrowed point, the vasi am clothed uk “rad-tipped gree r Flower- spike branched 18 in high? ; flow dull red, an inch long. idet ar (Kew.) GA. 1899 t. za 4 * Vir- Ampelopsis eem in shade 1462.) wm ginian develops a poer Pha ine ; it differs also, Prod Virginian its ereeper, in leaves NUM IR) Im e: Coe ou l aon ‘a. Späth, Berlin.) rg blanda cypriana, See 99; lv, 280; 1717280) 1243.) ra la 2 form, the flowers of which are white on th pper surface - e beneath [The plant r this name is A. blanda toythiniea ne Gard. 1899, ` Ivi, 366.] (Divers.) ^ zip li uem (o. R. E $5 ZEV, f. Debido . A gar aded hybria between A. sesquipedale and A. super- bum. (J. Veitch & Sons.) 1899, green ns $6. (I. = a Orch Lea eds Bises. with bots E fight yellowish-green on eac of the midrib. (F, Bender EU} utr Siesmayeri. (Jard. cies with brown- ish eve self-coloured leaves. San- sinuous silvery-white lines. Sander & Co.) * Anthurium a ce. C. 1899, xxvi, 58. rden hybrid M. n A, craifoliun > A, pe pecene (M. vansay Angers,) Anharinm Rigoutsi. (S. H. 1899, 57.) A garden hybrid between A erftalinum and A. írilobum. Pam Ghent.) Anubias nana. (y. B. ue iam S. A dwarf-grow with the habit of ^ Chasse ibo. Cameroons, (Berlin B. G.) Aralia Lowe. a (@. ee) habit, with pinnate dark een leaves," (H. Low & Co,) i *Arundo Donax macro nid xxvi 95. G 5840 39 N: en larger in all its parts ae tesa glaucous, 2} in. rer.) i (A. Wi — Datschi. gg, 1899, 33.) Compos H A wi te AR ee recommended as late autumn and winter wet r a cool house *Aster — ale C. 1899, xxv, 330 20. much- branched ae about 2 ok high, with numerous flowers. e rays are pale lilac, while the disk-florets are yellow. orth-western China. ( *Aster Piccolii. (2. M.t. 7669.) H. A stout ety plant, growing from 2 to 3 ft. high. Tl LT pene flower-heads, which diameter, are numerous d o Dh bosely arranged. Northern ‘China, (Kew.) Begonia ry ed B. gemmata, erum issima. Gantt Cat. 1899, 18.) oniaceae. Three hybrids between B. decora Ber varieties f escri vem names, (F. Sander & Co.) — hemsleyana. RC species wi a anand y es borne on short erect un sinensis. (B. M. t. 7673.) llied to B. eransiana, but smaller stalks 2 in. long, pi Japan. (Kew.) NORMA venosa. (B. M. 1899, t. 657.) S. A new species with stout eio mer (R. H. 1899, UM, evergreen (Jardin Thuret, Antibes.) A2 *Berlandiera tomentosa. (B. M. 7680.) Composite. G. A slender Oe T - heads across, S. Uni ited States. eu) n Bi — P g tern (af. 1899, t. S. A garden hybrid Lun ar ser and C?) B. vitatta, (Utrecht B.G.) Me verint ue C. 1899, xxvi, 12.) llidace en hybai rid RS B. ge and B. bulliana. (Kew.) oS en (e C. 1899, xxvi, 09.) Seedlings of this were oai plant, peeuliar to Pio Let te Australia, have been raised i Royal Botanie Gar- den, Edinburgh. errs oe en Cat. 1899, 18.) Aracex. to be a hybri id between “C. RN a ee and C. albomaculata,” s hi chardias. (F. Sander & Co.) Campanula Mayi. (4. 0.1 126, f. rex H.H. Apparently the result of a cross between C. isophylla and C. Ber (H. B. May.) — gorge Ce ok n 1899, lvi, t growing pig 1 fe high vi. smi doublé blue Cattleya erge” E H. 1899, 69.) den hybrid between posses Js. rem P] Gigas. (C. Nar. Brunoy, France.) om latin. (G. C. 1899, xxvi, 478.) A mae: hybrid between C. sohi lleriana pae mic (C. L. x. Ingram.) pr ree — unda H.1899, $9) A garde mies n C. Tria s C. no (C. Mare. tind France, Cattleya gaskellisas formosa. (@. c 1899, xxvi, 17.) with a faint flush »* rose ; lip emai yellow tinged with rose. u, Veitch & Sons.) Cattleya a stein J. H. F. 1899, 940.) G. A garden hybrid between Cattleya Schraedere and C, pues Leopoldi. (Dallemagne & Co., Ram bouillet, Seine-et-Aise.) Cattleya harrisoniana alba. (0. R. 1899, 252.) G. A variety with pure white flowers. (Rev. F. Paynter). —: rien din ds H. 1899, 76.) d between C law- oe wer iacta ear Ernesti. Cattleya MN prtetvaliangs. HI 24.1899, HE dee between the plans A o rer by the nam , Brunoy, France.) ein, Jab T lilacina. (Z. 1899, with lilac-coloured Sopas ana ‘petals, lip deep purple "Horticulture ee BE Brüssel ) Vr mollis. (0. R. 1899, 286.) arden hybrid between C. superba y č een jai (Sir F. Wigan.) ORTE Mossi® sar ene (4. 99, xxvi, 17.) A Larabee ote white form, ids variety known as W: agneri, but with a pencilling of rose on the lip. (Sir T. Lawrence.) (6. Maron, Treue» Seine-et-Ai "T — CL. bright th i tip margin white. (L’Horticole eng n 63.) A f rm with rw Coloniale, — weedoniensis. (0. R.1899, S. A garden hybrid ween C Pendoli and C. granulosa. Thornton.) Ora ais ork, 1899, lv, 393.) crophula A dwarf species e yellow flowers ng p axils of the leaves, Pelopon- nesus, (A. K. Bulley.) Centaurea wi HA (Gf. 1899, >. Composi ian hy- gg C. ee (Herb ys > Walle, Naples) rs Marie. (er. 1899, 23.) arden hybrid between C. pur- und C. me (Herb & Walle, maples 3 *Ceropegia pores (Sand. Cat. 1899, 2 aa agers æ. S. A free owering clim rapid growth ; owers in clusters, pate green | with dull red. (F. Sander & Co.) Tur Wercklei. (G. €. 1899, xxvi, 12.) See Hidalgoa Wercklei. germ rd qus zd 1899, 278.) labrous climb- em re or ait iu with long- stalked cordate-ob 2 E leaves with long acuminate apices. ameroons, B. G.) (Berlin rige miniata citrina. (G. C. 1899, v, 228 ; ard. 1899, lvi, 338, t. 1246.) natural variety, resembling a ng form of the in xcept as colour of *Cornus alba flaviramea. (Späth Cat, No. 104, 85.) Co rnacea. form with br o greenish-yellow k. erica Cornus aprem = (Jard. 1899, 309.) H. es with opposite, lanceolate-ovate, above, glaucous be: ish-blue. China. (Paris B. G-) *Cornus Hessei. A small species habit, ed to C.tatarica. (H. Hesse, Weener, gree (6/1.1899,840.) H. . dwa mpact Cornus Purpusi. H. The old twi (GA. 1899, 338.) have reenish- comes neares bores of Lake Rrio tadt t B.G.) mexicana x Purshia (M. D. G. 1899, 99.) A na gem hehe found elevation . (Darms *Cowania pen. eed ween "roll ao on Morey Peak, Manin co. Darmstadt.) dracon yee Dardarı. UE A 1899, 403.) Rosaceæ. A graft M rid between the Ei um and the Mos) thorn. (Simon-Louis Pisos, "Metz 41 Crategus DE S pao (Späth Cat. No, 104, 89.) A form with the leaves marbled ith white and tender rose colour. (L. Spath, Berlin.) Cra rabegas Oxyacantha inermis. UR At art dtd Be A. poer common trito thori Cn a Prod Orleans.) from Oo: (Berlin rn codec ne 1899, Cycadacez. only 2 born — lps 1899, lv, 414.) Primulace». new = ith Lem erg un- l , silver-zoned a 3 flowers are bright pale rose in colour. Lebanon. rm Me = Ur g M. 1899, form with pnis Sy a on ere as turning to white when expanded. LFróbel, Zurich. Cydonia Maulei atrosanguinea. CN. 6. M.1899, 138.) H. Differs from he type in its blood-red coloured medish (Fröbel, Zurich.) *Cyd Sar a Le Cat. Cy sin X ge x m t red flow Cymbidium gammieanum. (G. C. 1899, xxvi, 409.) G. wr new species, escribed and figured in Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleutta, viii, t. 257. It has the habit of C. giganteum, but the flower spike is more lax . xps smaller. segmen! long, tawny yellow, gt vag pem spotted with purple. Himalaya. (F. fonder & Co.) i Cymbidium Sparkesii. al. R. o ai iab dd ER. duum Jas pe the li broadly margined with purple round a ela disc.” (J. Sparkes.) *Cyperus fertilis. (@. C. 1898, xxiv, Calabar, Cypripedium Angele. (J. H. F. 1899, $55). Orchidacew. Sie gar- den hyb rid be e: um e C. Sallieri. rapie] (Cap et fils, Vésinet, Seine-et-O barbato - diis . Lumsden.) Cypripedium cerner Choteke. e sie : iae . A form with light [ Paphiopedilum.] CL Hordedla Colonials Brussels.) Cypripedium He vider 1899, 291. S. a between E, harrisianum. J, Keeling.) (0. R. [ Páphiopedilum.] (A. Cypripedium brunnianum. (J. H. F. Hina T . A garden hybrid be- een C. num and €. Bozallii. Paphiopedilum (Cardoso, Paris.) Cypri icm — CB. = 1899, 510.) ween C. na Thari ees rthii. Lupi opeliin: * Duval et fils, Ver- Cypripedium elmireanum. (R. H. dens 5107" 8. epe) n C Charlesworthii and C. ins [Pay hiberna: (Duval et fils, Fer. sailles s.) pripedium Sheep (Garten- s m. vid f. 2 A garden = um I C. xmi M Paphiopedilum.] ten um gillianum. (0. 2.1 v ) 8. A garden hybrid be ome C. Bozallii atratum and C, leeanum rcd f Paphiopedilum] - TERNI. | Haumonti. Gr B) garden hybrid be a : diane and (? gene ec (Paphiope "- n "t E) (L’Horticol e Colo- e, Bru me ne (J. F. 189 ai S. A garden rrisianı ^ and [ Paphiopedilum, 1 (Opi, Palais du Luxembourg et fils, oE Su (R. H.1899,278.) arden hybrid between C. cham- AS rd. im and C. leeanum. EE io- pedilum.] (R. Lebaudy, Fran ype puni eur 1899 C. C. Bows bu m. (0. R: M den hybrid between ii atra and C. nitens ET, C Paphtopedidue. ] (C. Parker.) Cypripediam. ara ur. (Garten- welt 1899, 8. rarden hybrid i ias an and C. icit (^ Paphiopedilum. ] Cypripedium er en Curtisi. (S. H. EN 504.) S. A garden vo betwee: e ies indi by agi Lion] (Mrs. joo U.S Cypr mtm er Amer welt 1 RAUS 2.) S. gu hybri nd villosum. e Paphiopedilu n. 1 Cypripedium sampaianum, (J. F. 1899, 44. > er add betwee: Chan Je 28 i C. Sallieri Hyemmum. [ Paphiopedilum. ] (Cardoso, Pari E, asa), inition (0. R = A garden hybri rid, pp ty be een C. cien and C ‘othe Kitaka Vh C, Mahlere. n SER "Capt. Law Schoficl Sr emis — ere. 1899, rden d between C. Salieri i and C. yide, 1 ePaphiopedi- lum.] (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, France.) Lyn Var uu iSt. B.1899, H. the com- ei Cock’s-foot (D. ` glomerata) but iff der spike! lets, as in y, &c. (Berlin B. Davallia Dga A C. 1899, xxvi, 17) A hands ome fern with Pls ek fronds, 3 ft. by e y cut and very dark brown." (J. Veitch & Sons.) *Davallia intermedia. ce. C. 1899, Veitch Cat. 1899 A between D. mooreana (J. Veitch & Sons.) a hybrid and D. decora. Delphinium reger macran- thum. (Gar 1899, Jri, 92 Ran- uncula pow t y4 to 5 x ide high, wit distan. (Max | Lelohtlin, Baden aden. Y i fe Berkeley. (d R. 1899, 6.) . A garden hy- brid be ud je "oun D. war dianum, Otkan [^ne s e ) nm a. tota (O.R. 89.) den hybrid boten the d indiosted in the name. (J. Veitch & Sons.) Dendrobium — M (0. R 1899, A gar n hybrid between D Sch, er; D. splen- didissimum grandiflorum. (W. P. Burkinshaw.) Dendrobium Hollrungii sosirii- ense. (Journ. Bot. 1899, 339.) S flowers of this are one-third aber than in the type, dead-w ya aga with greer. en G. Beto. pestrotium icc uut G. C. 1899, 491, Lon xxvi, own by the a y mphia under Latouria spectabilis, but only now in into cultivation. It ed resembles D. wae “ph yllum, but is aed in all piri sA whilst the flowers are 3 in. oss, the sub- equal — ee wavy, and eurled, yellow with purple lines; lip with erect side lobes an elonga wavy front lobe, white veined with urple New Salata! (F. Sander & Co.) Dendrobium thompsonianum. (0.2 99.) S. A gard en hybrid between D: nobile Cypheri and D. cheltenham- (W. Thompson.) CMM RE. e ^. B. 1899, ear D. 275.) Cru B digi- tata, but differing from oe sepa i in having sessile leaves at the base of the inflo and in rhizome scales, (Berlin B.G.) 2 Denisia RN. qe (Lemoine Cat. ix.) Saxifra (Lemoine, Nancy.) *Deutzia gracilis campanulata. eg Cat. No. 143, u A garden hybrid between D. cilis (seed bearer) and D. ues: eh: (Lemoine, Nancy.) *Dianthus BIA igi T 1899, xxvi, A species & var authorities. Eastern Europe. (Kew.) Bierville Wagneri. € LER. po t. 461.) © eg H. arden hyb rid D. florida Bi D. Middendor E. (F. Wagner, Tuk- kum, Russia). ur ego Agreed «Gr. 1899, cadac y es = which thescales of the Mosis cone are more roughly woolly than in the type. (Rathke und brea Dante; ) *Dorstenia eng Mos M. t Urt spec thick margin giving off tor aninch long. Somaliland. (Cambridge B. G.) i elegans. (G. C. 1899, xxv. 3, 1) OCrucifere species AO dis ing D. br uniefolia. Taurus. Cilician (W. Siehe, Mersina.) Draba pan Xs n ge oe ü A plant 2 labro lea and spikes of golden s dm Nove. Levant. (W. Siehe, Mersina). pees Mw UE Em 7, £.) Gmi, Aes n with s 15 to an inch wide, gracefully (J. Veitch & Sons.) ng, edu green ME cro dee urueev d 6. 1899, xxvi 17.) Veitch & Sons. US ATUM (B. x k ead, 3 in. ac olden yellow flowers. King George's ouis. ( ew. —— — AH. B.1899, intr oduced Matto Grosso, Brazil, (Berlin B. G.) Echinocactus grahlianus. (X. B. 1899, ie G. Allied to E. pees Lem. and E. gracillimus, Lem. uay. Haage junr., Erfurt.) Echinops giganteus. hohe È f CAR Composite. een Æ. spiel and Td , Nordhausen, A Gartenwelt, A garden Epidendrum Berkeleyi. 1899, 135.) Orchidacex. $. A garden hy- brid between E. stamfordianum and Æ. o’brienianum. (General Berkeley.) EE Burtoni. (0. R. 2 99, 7%.) .B rden hybrid betw E. Raine E. ) an [miei (F. M. Burton. — aive g (0. S: tes is ragra c duae Lindl. (Fol. Dich, Fpi- dend. 39) for which the above name is e. red lines on the lip. Guatemala. (Edin- burgh B. G.) Epidendrum elegantissimum. (2. H. 1899, 218.) G. A garden hybrid een Wallisii and E. Endresii. (Lesueur, Boulogne.) *Epilobium obcordatum. Pris 7641.) O H. dcn perennial 6 to 8 in. high, with h opposite eaves an coloured flowers. California CH. Selfe Leonard.) *Epipactis gants. (B. M.t. 7690) Orchidaceæ. m tall, stout an leafy. iud s d pink Mv are borne loosely on a glabrous raceme. Western orth America and Temperate 44 an u. >. ES e 1899, ei ith racem n fo = ot getan flowers addis and leaves each 5 or 6 in long. Queensland. (J. Sparkes.) "Eri enia Veget mer es 1899; lv, 0) U A small ers leaves. North America. (Kew pie ER ieu CG. C. 189 4.) A owers 3 in. across, “ bell-s Sir E cA nce.) *Eucommia ulmoides. pem rendus Aca Paris, e , 558. Trochodendr á ious deciduous shrub with stalked leaves (fone plantarum, tt. ina. (Vilmorin, Paris *Evodia ing are: Cat. 1899, n Aralia-like om meh ie dinde habit ; with thin smooth petioles an nd a trifoliate blade, the divisions es w Gaines “CF. Renda & chs de sylvatica foliis argenteo- atis. on h Cat. No, 104, Siete lifere. H. A form wi the ge foliage speckled and | wicked h white. (L. Späth, Berlin.) *Fouquieria columnaris. (@. C. 1899. Tamaricacex. mall. Mexico. (Kew. Galtonia princeps X candicans. e C. 1899, xxvi, 188.) Liliace®. G. A garde n hybri ween the two species i indi cated. (Cambridge R.G.) a besar chon (B. M.t ec o smallest Mee md ‘of ses shortly ind pepe , pink, solitary, bon Ves. aya an Weste rn China. (Hon, Charles Ellis.) Eee 1899, 442, A prostr ate erennial wi rp ee pedes s and pale yellow ct ern Natal. (C. Spren- ger, Naples.) ms = Com “nt evs garni T (B. M. t. 5.) . A low- growing with gel qp Chili. (Kew.) Habothamnus — Sone A She 142 pint rid n H. fas Sauer and H x Now al, peoga eatru ms CV. Lemoine & Sons, Nancy.) pases panie vi, Amaryllidaceæ. G. ey ' ite yere plant, with globose bulbs 1 in. long, narrow linear leaves preceded by Dus yellow wen inch wide. Montevideo. (Kew.) (G. C. 1899, A beera. Natalni. ge C. 1899, osit A n m size of those giganteus. ocky Mountains, eg E (Rev. C. Wolley Dod.) Con rer e C. 1899, xxv, 65.) Scitam Allied to H. ns A. B. T rn App. ii. m. but less robust ar “the variegation of the leaves marbled instead of re gute a Neither plant belon, as genu Heliconia, sep pee. peor "deer their presen Bi con- venience. ‘New alien, (F. Sander & Co.) Feiner, Kei ken (B. M. t. 7684.) mposit®. G. E with A new ies Fen climbing s sup t tendril-like petioles of the bi-pinnati- fid bri e smooth ves ; d Ferd of a singl in range scarlet da with a a brash.like tuft of ye yellow disc- (Kew.) x flowers. Costa Rica. Hoffmannia phænicopoda. 2 1889, 296.) Rubiacex. S. A speci with te n inconspicuous Centr America ? B. G.) (Berlin Mem here i (e. C. 1899, xxvi, marylli S. Described w species f Brazil, with iudi ib ft. long, 2 3 tn wile: scape 45 in 8in. long, with nar orsley). . high, bearing two flowers, each rrow white segments. Hinete rte 1899, 4 Rema = te dor js — Costus, i ong; flowers white, bie llidacez. or more, perianth segments 2 > long, iaa pm tip [? H. moritzi- ana.] Ven TT. 1123 4*3 filaments are very stout and wi the base, forming an irregular cup a ing as if torn. Brazil (A. Worsley.) Ban sparansiyana. PA 1899,665.) P S. adr = plant a Bolg w in the list of new plants for 1898 under Geonoma ynertiana. X no (B. M. t the rose-purple flowers are in erect racemes. West China. ns eee d d ated 18.) the stan ke the falls od brown (Max Leichtlin, Baden Baden.) Iris sindjarensis > X persica. (G. C. ded xxv, 226.) H. A garden hybrid = the above deg with inter- bs dia c (Van Tubergen junr., cry 2^ C. 1899, xxvi, *Iris sofa rana. j H. A new e Sige a ad is, terspe 3 d. prem (Van Tubergen junr., Haarlem — s Strauss ted = lvi, LO 4 B. 5 © grows a 3 in. u ith narrow leaves m. - coloured flowers. Sultanabad, P (Max Leichtlin, Baden Baden po ANIMAM. (@. 0.1899, xxv, species allied T- caneasica, ‘and z or yo den The nd three- stand a toothed, while the falls: areof a bright, m a colour an Tubergen junr. arlem.) on ek — u^ m = Ani act dense growing "var species E y* ave been introduced from Tibet. CE. Sander & Co.) — Bgl ole no 1899, 58.) ea "Erb bri (G. C. iE A “beren Po assula & plans i is patties ‘eagle gensis. Kickxia =, (N. B. 1899, 353, 1) Apocynac S. A rubber- producing tree froid West Africa. *Kleinia "dicet (B. M. Composit S. A flesby glabrous plant with vermiform me A, m- m heat to 8 i leafy, pale purplish ; leaves ae eae. fles 1 2 to 3 in. long, short- stalked; peduncle terminal, erect, 10 in. . branched above and bear ing hemispheric heads, 2 in. across, of bright scarlet flowers. East tropical Africa. (Kew.) *Kleinia pendula. (B. M. t. 7659.) y remarkable plant with : serpent ine pes eshy branching stems; ong, terete, en eg n. long, g of. crimson owers an ine Somaliland and Arabia, Ua quite, (Sarg. 1999, 48.) cem. 7 ft. high, thickly ge at with compara mall white frati with long ritatis stamens South Africa. (Max Leichtlin, Baden Baden.) Kuhnia a anie f cap. 135.) Com e: ent with narrow rn eds my- ane flower-heads. North nate (Dam mann & Co., Naples.) HA DENM. Ch. E 1899, 69.) — S S. n hybrid Kayana er L. between tenebrosa. To! Brunoy, rance. randis. 46 * n» dade m LAGARDE Le. (L. 1899, mediate between the eh re he candi pag ndalba. (L'Horti- culture Pri t a AR Brussels.) jns A, (0. R. 1899, 287.) arde Vip ig between L. boothi- "Pes purpu (F. Sander & an a Lelio - e Pd (0. R. 1899, dacex. G. tene- brosa and eya — Warscewiezii. (H. S. Leon.) Oe ua Cappei. (0. R.1899, 46.) arden h; rura between Lelia e ond ina a : scewiezii. (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, eines Oise. Lelio-cattleya duvaliana. u eu (o 2 A garden hybr a pui — .. isa 4 Ineddemanntana (C. M , Brunoy, France.) Lelio-cattleya Ernesti. m JH. 1899, 42.) d between Cattle ey Pei Set and iue fiara. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.) uno MORES Gemma. (R.H. 1599, arden hybrid between Cutie na seme $ viana and Lelia wan- thina. (Duval et fils, Verseilles.) Lens “eee geben (0. R 3.) hybrid d be- tween s a T a Lelia tene- brosa. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.) — OE pees (0. H.1 40) G. o be a natural hybrid intormalen d to be synonymous with, eese amanda, (F.W. à vds Ya bool hiana. and XA a (0. R. 85.) den hybrid be- ev ot yn Jurpurta and L, domini- ana, (Sir F. Wig Lelio-cattleya niigi, (0. R. 1899, TT G. A garden hybrid be- ween Lelia anceps and Cattleya mc ren (0. O. Wrigley.) — prvi sca dero e JN serrated and undula with strongly marked ihe on the young leaves, white veins. The leaves sometimes attain pmo amen sions.’ New Guinea. (F.San & Co.) ud A 33.) es Behr i rtulac labrous taitoa (rarely two-) flowered pounds oloured, passing into bright pink in the tips and ihe. North-western United States. (Kew.) pde ee ef ae 12.) and shining lila i (Max L E A Baden-Baden.) oe Grefi. Co. 1899, È spec 60.) chidaceæ ad allie to L. Kram, Reic hb. b. f. ut differing mark n the form of the middle lobe of the lip and in its larger flowers. "Tropical Africa. cope Se Beca we d 76.) A. Se He n p MG D. Ai Rivoirei eis corallina. (Parc de la "Tete-d’Or, Lyons.) uuu seen fe R.1899, 360.) rden hybrid Ben Wen X nn neri d ua L. rossiana. Mrs. J. Ross, Florence.) "Meconopsis he mod li UE N: 2 leaves are pinnati- partite, while the orange red ers, k urple at the base of the petals, are borne on . slender peduncles, California, (Kew ordata. (R. = 1899, 308, t.) amira H. lobata, Ce A. t. Maso Marion (M. Micheli, Geneva » d M.t 7658.) *Moræa ee O Iri 1 es, with a ans etch. orange and South Africa, (Kew Mulgedium oscalitefolium. (e. C. 1899, xxv, 100.) Compositæ. H. A perennial with erect stems, 4 to 5 ft- = of small blue high, bearing os flowers. Cauca (H. Correvon, Geneva.) *Mussenda — MM Gr AM. t. 7671.) Rubiacex. A small shrub with wiry branches, ee leaves 24 in. 1 terminal corymb cymes e 8 like white flowers. Socotra. (Kew.) en ade iiy C. — hybri nd. de ient Me m erba and J. mastersiana, both of which are hybrids of garden origin. (J. Veitch & Sons.) Bw a. to: C. 1899, xxv, Nym Described imam small iic vito stigmas parted, with yellow or auction lobes. East Fin ihe tay on File. G. A E a. bybri via: 3 ipn not s DROBIOEIBERN ge _ Craw- sha O. R. 1899, 253.) din hybrid between 0. Hallii ant e s oe lilacinum. (De Barri andes x ze oe. 1899, 151.) G. hybri origin not given. Odontoglossum crispum funam-. bulum. (7.1899, t.662.) G. A form with lar u. en red blo tches on sopals, Odontoglossum crispum tigrinum. (2.1899, 1899, 651.) G. A form with large brown Lapo on se and petals. (L. Linden & Co.) Odontoglossum eximium. (Jerd 1899, 151.) G. A garden hybrid : origin not given ee ge Pen. (Jard 1899, garden hybrid: nes =; Odontoglossum harryano-crispum en ie Mgt aei G. A hy- ag oy ied oy the mate. (Sir F. Wigan.) (Jard. Odontoglossum hirsutum. 2 garden hybrid: ped 151.) gin not give Odontoglossum magnificens. (Jard. 1899, 151.) G. A garden hybrid: origin not stated. Odontoglossum salmoneum. (Jard. i Su G. A garden hybrid: origin Odontoglossum sportabile, (0. R. 1899, 135 2 e Ag n hybrid between and © harryanwm, de- scribed 1 . erispo-harry- anum. x. Vorl Ghent.) Odontoglossum vivicans. (Jard. 1899, 151) G rden hybrid twee O. harryanum and O. crispum (C. Vuylsteko, Ghent.) arae ies re 1899, lvi, 12.) On H. arf plant rs 3h in. in (Max Leichtlin, Baden a dit es ro White fov owers diameter. Baden.) *Olearia pc gu ma (8. C. Com H. A solitary heads of white flower cg Zealand. (J. Veitch & Sons.) Xem ampliatum SEDI: R. 1899 S INO Orch S. Vitter from the type in ‘as Diem w sony clear citron yellow without spots. (H. Low & Co.) Opuntia — M UM A (Späth Cat. No. 104, 153.) TE sim growing cd with I sen — thin bluish grey-green joints long bri ight brown spines. Bde, (L. Späth, Berlin.) — rg erg rosea. (Späth ii No.104,153.) H. “A small-jointed arf s spreadi ng form which is pro- bably a hybrid between O. fragilis m O. zanthostema.” Colorado. (L. Spa Opuntia rhodantha brevispina. zug Cat. No. 104, 153.) H. A fine red large-flowe with rather lar, thick obovate joints, "dark grey-green ais colour beset with spines which egere when young. Colorado. (b. Spüth,: Berlin.) 48 rhodantha h Cat. No. 104, 153. flavispina. pd adis Spiit H. This wesen which ung joints are yellow with a pace point. Colorado. (L. Spáth, Berlin.) (Späth Cat. deci ect H. dwarf species n "dt "broadly whit rias dul. eng (L. Späth, Berlin.) i asi ceu yen ah pm (Späth Cat. Th Cida (L. "Späth, Berlin.) "Panax aureum. (Sand. Cat. 22.) Araliacee. S. The habit is Nike that of the P. Victoria, but the varie- f whi P. fruticosum. West Indies. (F. Sander & Co 2) MAE Balfouri. inr. Cat. 1899, 2} elegant plan with the habit we T ra qe cin tha orbicular leaflets blotched m u. Bere with c eruere Caledonia. (F. Sander & 0o.) Papaver radicatum. te, C. 1899, A small orm o nudicaule. idi (H. Correvon, Geneva.) Paphiopedilum e: 1 R. 1899, ud Orchi a p m ybrid reti gp hindi ond deer ap uec 1899 a een ER Ein (A.S. Hi re rl z ween yg iar Ud and P. D issimum. (Baron Ollendorf, Heaven Hamm.) nD 1:1 32.42 C 0 R. - 1899, MB garden hybrid betwen P. villosum Pai P. cham oer ianum. (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, Sein et-Oise.) Paphiopedilum Richmanii, (0. R. 1899, 13.) A garden hybrid between P. barbatum and P. bellatulum, previously ium barbato-bellum. Merton p (9. € 1899, xxv, 100. - ad i i Si. Hale ena, ce it pte on rocky cliffs. It has thi ck fleshy branched dark-brown stems, ater ovate-peltate dark-green leaves and white flowers not unlike those of P. zonale. (Kew Phaius doloeyanus. je R.1899, 127.) chid arden hybrid be “eon P. ee and P. amabilis. CF. Sander & Co.) Phalsnopsis I— (G. €. 1899, hidacex vi, 82,) A new rect anh a roadly o oblong eed green ibi * foot long and 4 in. wide peduncle oot or more long, bearing Pn x: Sonen flowers which are nearly 2 i ;greenish yellow with brown ER spots ; lip white, with pe and yellow markings. Philip- pines. (F, Denis.) dorre Wiganiæ. (0. R.1899, S. supposed hybrid betw ween P ont e P. schilleriana. (H. Low & Co Phaio-calanthe Ipspereis 1899, 287.) Orchidac "hybri tween Plates A olius and Calanthe Masuca. (J. 60. Ri A a gra Tech Philodendron ] Bohr. iu. B. 1899, Aracex tately speries allied to P, bip ae Schott, and P. Selloum, razil. B. G.) .Koch. B (Berlin, Philodendron pinnatifidum x Wend- landii. . B. 1899, 390) S. A garden hybrid. (Berlin, Plantago uniflora: (e C. 1899, xxv, 100.) H. A small Mec wi ma d ted on and inconspicuous udo ers New Zealand, (H. Correvon, Geneva.) tufted with racemes of Phe oaks white arc Eco eil ecu (R. H. Sous. e la Téte- d'Or, Lyons.) Pontederia montevidensis. (R. H. 1899, 403.) Pontederiacee. H., A paged blue-flowered aqua a for ê & Schmidt, Puya thomasiana. & H. 1899, 452, t.) A tall-grow- ing species with ehren flowers. rehe erar "Colombia. (Delahaye et Dalliére, Tours.) Pyrethrum "opened 899, xxv "ee in (G. C. H. A white tose vid 1 greai high, with deeply par leaves, and ngi heads of owers. Caucasus. (H. Correvon, Geneva.) x ded Conwentzii. (N. B. 1899, 275.) H. A hybrid between ae and P. suecica. Pomerania, (Berlin B. G.) Ranunculus n Apani: 1899, lv, 418.) anunculace ge S. arge did poi (Max Leichtlin, Baden Rheum hybridum Florentini. Caf. 1899, 71.) Polygonaceæ A den hybrid Fra R. collinianum and R. officina ‘Rhododendron di ka pe (B. 1 right rose-purple flowers ee — ies was intro- y Messrs. tch previous to 1885, d t it 'apparenüy bo not been pr viously r orded as introduced (Kew.) *Rhododendron kingianum. (4. c. 1899. 7 xxvi, 306, f. 102) PUTA gn G. new species, closely allied t R. ken, (og which it differs E eaves crowded on ee modestum. (7. M. t.7 ; Himalaya. *Rhododendron isis ‚ca. €. 1899, xxv, 331.) H. rowing evergreen ah ies it a 50 ved onc raceme of from 12 to 2 | femen Bg, peepee = ulate white flowers. Kan w.) China. (Kew BRIPOPRNTOR NEN. (M. 2.) A for R. p v. (H. ^ bel, Gotha, Germany.) Bhynohanthus ene o 1899, 38, t. 1464.) Zingiberace A. Canna-like plant iere a height of about a foot. Spike few-flowered ; segments of flower carmine-red ment broad, white. Burma? Ribes ren on pe eo. Cat. No. 119.) Saxifra Shaik with I ln wigs and small greenish fruit small, Black-z6d, acid. (L. Spáth, "Berlin n.) pendulous t - flowers : Colorado. Ribes n ie 1899, 338.) B. g, and nearly alied to: p» Magn E Doel Colorado. (L. Späth, Berlin.) Richardia sofum. is C. 1899 Aracesm. G. , XXV, p ant shewn eeting of the Royal garde mee: Nonne appeared to erely a robust form of R. mela sea eue, Romanowia —— (J. H. F. 1899, ed wit below. Native country not mentioned. (F. Sander & Co.) a — — Se R. 1899, 304.) Orchid . S. Desc resem 'a Rena leaves fleshy, Hrsg: 7in n. across. New Guinea. (Kew.) Saintpaulia ee fag albescens. A sy d md Beige 2 Gesnerace®. Ec with ite flowers ations d with "light blush- pink. d. Veitch & Sons.) Saxifraga corbariensis. NU a 1899, xxv, ite ) Saxifrag: H. A S i wee m rcg eranioides. ^ GL. Correvon Genera.) Cat. 1.) ee oe hybrid weinen ibo owe speci nn in the name. (J. Vei ns.) *Solanum mm. (E. H. 1899, 495.) Solanac rub with ovate-acumi Basis obscurely omes deep green leaves and ro unded ribbed fruit .in ad. which. und ripe becoming an in scarlet West Tropiodl rica, (Montpelier B. G.) Sophro-cattleya hardyana. 899, a f. 13.) Orchidace rden hybrid between Sophronitis ee and Cattleya Aclandie. C ) — — (0. 62) G rm of S. Grandifere met large ful "over of a yello colour. (Sir T. Lawrence.) (0. B. G. Sorbus Aucuparia dulcis koban. ne 1899, 271 , f. 1.) Rosae . À natural eis Paiste: Ne Aucuparia moravica |. (Prince Lobkowitz, Eisen- berg, Bohemia.) he one cespitosa. = D. G. 1899, R H. dels D ashe batted perennial with a leaves n the short tft branc P. silky vs both flowers white, in dense Mercer spikes. . Rocky Mountains, Stanhopea Fuerstenbergis. et A ata. Origin no Mar Pe re ng aiid, F Beylidtam ee P uc M., t. 7679.) Stylidiacew. tall rigid ; leaves y és Gir ees ) red in bud, when open. rning to brig (Fröbel, Zurich 5 zn. =. uif: C. 1899, , 484, Sa id to vg espe ve T.i T. man bet; ignis, but the latter (F. Bander & & Co.) cata wes. more likely. ne oe = = 1899, seb cross wè iem * ideni TER ar Linden superba. (Duval et fils ‘Versailles, ) Tulipa ises dirty 1899, lvi, 155.)- Lilia species with leaves of a - ule w ‘green colour and bright lilac Bou 2 segments of — ae — e base with a ght mer iens nin. Syria. (Mare Micheli, Geneva.) I pe (0. R. 1899, 02.) S. Stems leafless ; “San r^ dn. pee ; sepals an ls ndia. (Sir T Law nn Sargenti. (Gf. 41.) = aprifoliac — S A Guelder- Ro ose v native V. Open but with reni m flowers an plish anthers. China. *Viola vilmoriniana. m H. 1899, 478.) Viola en for the plant m nad i of 1898 as V. sljer a, Cariot. hie atantes. e 2 F. 1899, 064.) Bro en hy- brid asc 2 an ut 5 Pelnani, (Opoix, Jardin a Leeecabouniy Paris.) Vriesia erage (R. H. 310.) S. arden hybrid : par not given. am "d fils, Versailles ) and the up of the (€ 1 in bright Sl ers ERBEN J. “al x 1899, 524.) A gar hybri n V. kit- ta o T. eonferta. Den et fils, Versai Vriesia M RUE: 22 H. F. 1899, 5.) æ. species wit penus So icem d uiid. with white. (F. Sande Co.) T wii tipi (I. H. F. Sir 930.) A gar hybrid betw n F. m Mm na ang V. Rex o (Duy et fils, Versailles.) orem ec (R. H. 1899, 310.) arden hybrid between V. glori seid = V. Rex. (Duval et fils, Versailles.) ge Ajax. (Gf. 649, | t. 1469. Amaryllidace Said | to be a garden wur "bete ween Z. candicans and Z. citrina. (C. Sprenger, f ) | a^ Mare ru — ii. (o. x 899, 46; 9, xxv, 99, f. 40.) cae oa S à rate He hybrid of gar origin, the result o sing Zygopetalum erinitum with Ru mannia Colleyi. (Linden, Brussels.) Zygo-colax — 19 £ 1899, xxvi, 478.) Orchidacex A hybrid between Zyopetalun UA ehren and Colax jugos (F. Sander & Co.) Z (— repite (J. H. Y 34.) A gard 1899, 1 en hyb brid be tween Z. ori un and Z. Mackay. (C. Maron, Brunoy, Seine et- Oise.) ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX III.—1900. N O T E. IN the preface to the Catalogue of the Library of the Royal Botanic Gardens, which was issued as Volume III. of the Additional Series of the Kew Bulletin, it was stated that annual lists of future additions would be published in the Bulletin. The present instalment contains the additions made to the Library by gift or purchase during the year 1899, with the exception of such current periodicals and annuals as continue sets already catalogued. Like the Catalogue, the List is printed on one side of the page, to allow of its being cut up. It is probable that many persons and institutions will make the Kew Catalogue the basis of their own, and will use the lists of additions to supply printed slips for fresh titles. - 5727—1375—4/1900 Wt81 D&S 29 CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY. Additions received during 1899. $ 1—GENERAL. Abercrombie, as — The complete forcing - gardener, etc. London, 1781. —— The propagation and botanical arrangements of plants and trees, etc. London, 1784. 2 vols. 8vo —— The gardener's pocket journal and daily assistant in the nom practice of English gardening. Ed. 10. London, 1807. Abromeit, Johannes. Botanische Ergebnisse der Grönlands- expedition. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 42. 1897. Agardh, Jacob Georg. Analecta algologica. v. (Act. Soc. Phys. Lund, x.) Lundae, 1899. 4to. Agustin, Miguel. Libro de los secretos de Agricultura, casa de campo, y pastoril. Traducido de lengua Catalana en Castellano. Zaragoza, 1625. 8vo. Alcock, Alfred William. Report on the natural history results of the Pamir Boundary Commission, with a list of the plants by J. F. DUTHIE. Calcutta, 1898. fol. Althof, Ludwig Christoph. See Murray, J. A. Ambrosi, Francesco. Biography. See Saccardo, P. A. 1898. the [Annesley, Hugh, 5th Earl of.] A list of plants hardy in t garden at Castlewellan, co. Down. [Ed. 3.] 1900. [Dublin ? 1899.] Arnold, "iret C. G. William NYLANDER. 1899 ?] Atkinson, George F. Studies and illustrations of Mushrooms. ii. (Cornell Univ. here Exper. Stat., Bull. n. 168.) Ithaca, 1899. 8vo. A3 [München, 5727 55 f= Atlases. Bartholomew, J. G. & A. J. Herbertson. Bartholomew's Physical Atlas. Vol. iii. Atlas of Meteorology, Westminster, 1899. fol. Bailey, Frederiek Manson. Descriptive catalogue of Queensland Grasses. (Greater Britain eei Earl's Court, 1899. Queens- land Court.) London, 1899. 8vo Bailey, J: F. Notes on some Queensland Orchids. ([Brisbane, 1899 ?] 8vo. Bailey, Liberty Hyde. The survival of the unlike. New York, 1896. Bvo. —— Sketch of the Evolution of our native fruits. New York, 1898. 8vo e E. -book. A monograph of = pruning of plants as applied to American conditions. Kd. New York, 1899. 8vo. - Bailliére et Fils, J. B. Bibliographie botanique, v. Paris, 1898. 8vo. Baldacci Antonio. Considerazioni preliminari sulla fitogeografia yes Albania settentrionale. (Boll. Soc. Geogr. Ital. 1898.) Roma, 1898. 0. Balfour, John Hutton. The plants of the Bible. Trees and shrubs. London, 1857. 8vo. Ball, John. Hints and notes . . . for travellers in the Alps being a revision of the en introduction to the * Alpine Guide. E New edition by W. A. B. COOLIDGE. London, 1899. 8vo Ballet, Jules. La Guadeloupe Renseignements sur l'Histoire, la Flore, etc. Tome i. 1-3. Basse-Terre, 1894-96. 8vo. Baroni, Eugenio. Supplemento generale al *Prodromo della Flora toscana’ di T. CARUEL. Fasc. ii. & iii. Firenze, 1898-99. 8vo. Baroni, E. See Mattirolo, O. 1898. Bartholomaeus Anglieus. Liber de proprietatibus rerum. Im- pressus per ANTONIUM KOBURGER. Nurenberge, 1483. sm. fol. Baskerville, Thomas. Affinities of plants: with some observations upon progressive development. London, 1839. 8vo. Bassagaiio, ae! Flora médico-farmacéutica abreviada, etc. Barcelona, 1859. Bauhin. Johann. De thermis aquisque medicatis Europe præ- ao Opus succintum atque utiliss. Montisbelgardi, 1660. sm. to. 56 Beddome, Richard Henry. Shad are to the Ferns of British India, etc. Calcutta, 1892. 8vo Bennett, Alfred William. The Flora of the Alps. (Natural Science, 1899). Edinburgh and London, 1899. 8vo. Ber engeren, Sven. Musci et Hepaticae spetsbergenses. Bericht- (Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. xiii.) Stockholm, 1875. 4to. Berkhout, A. H. Voordracht over de cada ned der Caout- chouc- en Getahpertja- -eultuur. (Nederl.-Ind. Maatschap. van Nijverheid en Landbouw. Verslag, 6 October, 1899.) Amster- dam, 1899. 3vo Bertrand, Charles Eugéne. See Hovelacque, M. 1899. Bertani, nn Nuovo dizionario di botanica. Mantova, 1817-18. 3 vols. Berthelot, Marcellin. Chimie végétale et agricole. Paris, 1899, 4 vols. 0. - Bsttfreund, Carlos. Flora Argentina. Recolecciön y descrip- ción de plantas vivas. Dibujadas del natural y litografiadas por F. BURMEISTER. Toınoi. Buenos Aires, [1898]. 8vo. Bettink, H. Wefers. See Greshoff, M. Bibliotheca Botanica. Herausg. von C. LUERSSEN und B. FRANK. Stuttgart, 1897-09. 4to. Heft 42, Botanische Ergebnisse der . . Grónlandsexpe- dition na ach C. Vanhoeffen's Sammlungen bearbeitet, von J. ABROMEIT, etc., 1897. Heft 44, Weitere Beiträge zur Moo sflora von New-Guinea, von A. GEHEEB, 1898 ; Heft 45, Monographia Roccelleorum, von O. V. DARBISHIRE, 1898 ; Heft 46, Beitrüge zur anatomischen und guess Han Kenntnis Wasser-secernie- render Organe, von N MINDEN, 1899; Heft 47, Unter- suchungen iiber die Kopien vim und Physiologie des Blüte von Victoria regia, von E. KNOCH, 1899 ; Heft 48, Beitráge zur Blütenbiologie, von E. FISCH, 1899 ; Heft 49, Ueber die weiblichen Conceptakeln von Sporolithon, von F. HEYDRICH, 1899. Bingley, wen me A practical introduction to Botany, etc. London, 1817. 12m Bitter, rd Durchbrechungen der unteren Gewebeschicht verschiedenen Laub- und Strauchflechten. See bei Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. ackley, William Lewery, & Carl Martin Friedlander. A practical Blac dictionary of the German and English languages. — &c., en 896. 8vo. 57 A Boerlage, F. G. Catalogus plantarum phanerogamarum que in horto botanico bogoriensi coluntur herbaceis exceptis. Fasc. 1. Batavie, 1899. —— Handleiding tot de kennis der Flora van Nederlandsch Indië. Tweede deel. Tweede stuk. Leiden, 1899. 8vo Bois, Desiré. See Paillieux, A. Bolton, Herbert. The Paleontology of the Manx Slates of the Isle of Man (Mem. & Proc. Manch. Lit. Phil. Soc. xliii.) Man- chester (1899). 8vo. Boulay, Abbé. Flore fossile de gu Ms Mars de-Döme). (Ann. Soc. Sc. Bruxelles, xxiii. yo Paria, 1899. Bradley, Richard. A complete body of Husbandry, etc. London, 1727. 8vo —— — Ten practical discourses concerning earth and water, fire ada air, as they relate to the growth of plants. Westminster, 1721. 8vo. Brandis, Sir Dietrich. Indian Forestry. Woking, 1897. 8vo. Bretschneider, Emil Map of China. St. gks 1896. Obl. fol. —Supplementary maps i-v. Ib., 1898. obl. fol. Briquet, John. Les ressources botaniques de Genève (Suisse Universitaire, 2™ année). Genève, 1897. 12mo. ——— Observations critiques sur les VA tie. actuelles de espéce végétale, etc. (Fl. Alpes Maritimes, iii. fasc en, (1899). 8vo. Britten, James, & George m. Boulger. A re aem index of "British and lrish botanis First supplement. (Journ Bot. 1898-99.) London, 1599. : Breck, Van den. See Hovelacque, M., 1599. Brotherus, Victor Ferdinand. Contributions to the potins lora of Southern India. (Records Bot. Surv. Ind. i. n. 12.) Calcutta, 1899. Brundin, J. A. Z. Bidrag till Künnedomen om de Svenska Fanerogama Örternas Skottutveckling och Öfvervintring. Upsala, 8. 8v Brushfield, T. N. Raleghana. Part ii. (Trans. Devon. Assoc. Adv. Se. 1898.) [Plymouth, 1898.] 8vo. Buchenau, Franz. Spornbildung bei .. major. (Versamml. deutsch. Philol. u. Amber, 45. Festschrift.) zn 1899. 8vo. | 58 Buchenau, Franz. Die Ulmen im Bremer Walde bei Axstedt. (Versamml. deutsch. Philol. u. Schulmänner, 45. Festschrift.) Bremen, 1899. 8vo. Burchell, William John. Hints on emigration to the Cape of Good Hope. London, 1819. 8vo. , R. E. C. Agricultural essays. (Land Agents' Record, 18965. "Bhaftesbüey and London, (1899). 8vo. Burkill, Isaac Henry. See Gosse, P. H. Burmeister, F. See Bettfreund, C. Burt, Edward A. The resistance of plants to parasitic Fungi. (Trans. Mass. Hort. Soc., 1898.) Boston, 1899. Burtt, Arthur H. Ueber den Habitus der Coniferen. Tuebingen, 1899. 8vo. Bussato, Marco. Giardino d'Agricoltura di M. B. da Ravenna. Venetia, 1612. 8vo. Butterworth, John. Further research on the structure of Psaronius, a tree fern of the Coal-Measures. On the leaf-sheath DE the nodes of some of the Calamites of the Lancashire 1-Measures. en & Proc. Manch. Lit. Phil. Soc. xliii.) ae (1899). 8vo Calvel, Etienne. Traite iint sur les Pépiniéres, etc. Ed. 2. Paris, [c. 1805]. 3 vols. Candolle, Anne Casimir Pyramus de. Nouvelles recherches sur les Pipéracé ées. (Mém. Soc. Phys. Gen. xxvii.) Geneve, 1882. 4to Candolle, Wem, meras Pyramus de. Notice sur les progrés de la eg Ubi ndant l'année 1832. (Bibl. Univ. Gen.) Genève, 3. 8v (Carmody, P.] Seedling cane crop of 1899. Report of the petere Analyst. (Council paper, n. 108, of 1899.) Trinidad, 99. fol Cato, Marcus Porcius, & Marcus Terentius Varro. De re rustica libri xii. Lugduni, 1541. 8vo i Cazzuola, Ferdinando. Dizionario di Botanica. Pisa, 1876. vo. Chamberlayne, John. A family herbal, or, the treasure of health. Ed. 2. London, 1689. 12mo. China, Map of. See Bretschneider, E. 59 Chodat, Robert. Études de ie Lie et de physiologie Be faites au Laboratoire de Botanique [de l'Université de Genève]. i-ii. (Journ. de Bot.xii-xiii.) (Paris, 1898-99.) 8vo. Clos, Dominique. LAMARCK botaniste. Sa contribution à la méthode dite naturelle, etc. (Mém. Acad. Sc. Toulouse, 9° série, viii.) (Toulouse, 1896.) 8vo. aoe ee Franz, Gummi, Guttapercha und Balata. Leipzig, 1899. 8 Cleve, Astrid. Studier öfver nigra Svenska Växters Groningstid och Förstärkningsstadium. Upsala, 1898. 8vo SSR Kan Eg and Christmas Islands. Report for 1898. (Col. p.—Ann.n. 216.) London, 1899. vo. Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus. De re rustica libri xii. Lugduni, 1541. 8vo Comes, Orazio. Monographie du genre Nicotiana comprenant le classement botanique des tabacs industriels. Naples, 1899. 4to. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, 12-17, n.s. 12. FERNALD, M. L. A systematic study of Pectis, & Some rare and undescribed plants collected by Dr. EDWARD PALMER, at me tee Mexico; 13. ROBINSON, B. L. ce of the North "Am n and Mexican use ss Mimosa, of the North American colnet of Neptunia; 14. GREENMAN, M on of . Galium and Suüonten, & Diagnose of Mexican "phan erogams ; 15. FERNALD M. Eleocharis ovata & Scirpus EPPO 16 & 17. BORD. MAN. Revision of . $ wis viaa etc., & Beleknentärr notes upon Calea, ete. (Proc. Am. 2 Acad. xxxiii-iv. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xxix.) Boston, Masi., 1 ; 897-99. aeneis from the Shaw School of Botany. 13. SCHRENK, H. von. A sclerotioid disease of beech roots. (Trans. Acad. St. Louis, x.) (St. Louis, 1899.) $8vo. Constantine. See Geoponica. Conwentz, Hugo Wilhelm. Neue Beobachtungen iiber die Eibe, besonders in der deutschen Volkskunde. (Danziger Zeitung, 1899.) Danzig, (1899). 8vo Coolidge, W. A. B. See Ball,J. 1899. Cornarius, Janus. See Geoponica. : Correns, Carl Untersuchungen über die Vermehrung der Laubmoose durch Brutorgane und Stecklinge. Jena, 1899. 8vo. —— Scheitelwachsthum des Laubmoosstimmchens, | See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift, 1899, — "t 60 Cowell, John. The curious and profitable Gardener. London, 1730. 8vo. Curtiss, Allen H. Mrs. Floretta A. CURTISS. A biographical sketch by her son, A. H. C. Jacksonville, 1899. fol. : Czullik, August. Wiener Garten im Jahre 1900. Wien, 1891. ol. Dalgado, D. G. Flora de Goa e Savantvadi. Lisboa, 1898. Svo. Dalla Torre, Karl Wilhelm von. Die Alpenflora der öster- Rn Alpenländer, Südbaierns und der Schweiz. München, 99. 8vo. Darbishire, Otto Vernon. Monographia Roccelleorum. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 45. 1898. Dawson, Sir John iie. David Pearce Penhallow, & rie Canadian Pleistocene Flora and Fauna. (British Assoc. Adv. Report, Bristol, 1898.) gene 1898.) Decombes. L'école du jardin potager. Paris, 1752. 2 vols. 12mo. De Notaris, Guiseppe. Repertorium Flore Ligusticae. (Mém. Accad. Tor. lI. viii-ix.) [Taurini, 1846-48.] 4to. Desbois, F. Cypripedium, Selenipedium & Uropedium. Mono- graphie, etc. Gand, 1898, 8vo. De Wildeman, Ém. Prodrome de la Flore algologique des Indes Néerlandaises. Supplément et tableaux statistiques. Batavia, 1899. Svo. Icones selectae horti thenensis. Ipae S 2 denm ayant fleuri dans les collections de M. VAN DEN BOSSC à Tirlemont. Tomei. Fasc.l. Bruxelles, (1899). on De ees Em, & — — Contributions á la Flore du Cong Tome i. Fasc. l. (Ann. Mas. Congo. Botanique.) Bruxelles, "1899. 4to Diels, Ludwig. See Bicie, A. 1899. Doell, Johannes Christoph. Flora des Grossherzogthums Baden. Carlsruhe, 1857-62. 3 vols. 8vo Drude, Oscar. ee über die Fortschritte in der pg Pe der Pflanzen. [1893-97.] (Geogr. Jahrb. xix-xxi.) [Gotha 1899 ?] à | Duff, Sir Mountstuart "n Grant-. See Warren, J. B. L, Flora of Cheshire. | 61 Duggar, Benjamin M. Three important fungous diseases of the sugar beet. (Cornell Univ. Agr. Exper. Stat, Bull. n. 163.) Ithaca, 1899. 8vo. Duhamel du Monceau, Henri Louis. La fisica degli alberi in cui - tratta dell’ anatomia delle piante e dell economia vegetabile c. 1&2. Venezia, 1774. 2 vols. 4to. Durand, due rs of us Pittier. oe "ec costaricensis. [continued by H. IER.] Tom Fasc. 1. Polypetalae (pars). Fasc. 2. ee re ion J. “Doman SMITH. (An. Inst. Fisc. -Geogr. Nac. viii.) San José, 1898. 8vo. Dusén, Per. Ueber die tertiäre Flora der Magellanslánder. des Ergebn. Schwed. Expl. Magellansl) Stockholm, 1899, vo. Duss, (le R. P.). Flore phanérogamique des Antilles francaises. See Marseille. Institut Colonial. Annales. Vol. iii. 1396 Dussuc, Elie. Les ennemis de la Vigne et les moyens de les comtala Paris, 1894. 12mo. Duthie, John Firminger. See Alcock, A. W. 1898. École du jardin potager. See Decombes. Edwards, Francis. Catalogue of books relating to Australasia, Malaysia, Polynesia, etc. London, 1899. 8vo. [Engler, Adolf. Der Kénigl. botanische Garten und das botan- ische Museum zu Berlin im Etatsjahr, 1898-99. Halle, 1899. vo. — — Die Entwickelung der Pflanzengeographie in den letzten hundert Jahren und weitere Aufgaben derselben. (Humboldt- Casto obli des Gesellsch. Erdk. Berlin, 1899.) (Berlin, 1899.) 8vo —— Beitrige zur Kenntnis der Araceae. ix. (Engl. Bot. Jahrb., sag Leipzig, 1899. 8vo. ——- Monographieen afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und- _ Gattungen. Herausg. von A. B. 1. Moraceae, von A. ENGLER, Leipzig, 1898, 4to.—2. Melastomaceae, von E. Gira. Ib. 1898. 4to.—3 Combretaceae—Combretum, von A. ENGLER und L. DIELS. Ib., 1899. 4to. Engler, Adolf, & Oscar Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde, iii. Grundzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung in den Kaukasusländern, etc., n G. RADDE. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo. Evans, Maurice 8. See Wood, J. M, & M. pE - Evelyn, John. See - Mens J. de. 5727 62 Ewing, Peter. The Glasgow catalogue of native and established plants, etc. Ed. 2. Glasgow, 1899. 8vo. Falqui, Giuseppe. Contributo alla Flora del Bacino del Liri. ae Accad. Sc. Napoli, II. ix.) Napoli, 1899. fol. (in mene Olga A, & Bor A. Materialui dlya Florui Ufimskoi Ghubernii (ie, Materials for the Flora of the Govern- oy Daty Moskva, 1894. 8vo. Msc Marsiglio. Das buoch des lebens Marsilius Ficinus von Flor zu dem gesunden und langem leben der rechté en von latin erst nüw zu tütsch gemacht, etc. Colophon : Gedruckt und vollendet ist diss loblich werck zu ET dum a. GRÜNINGER off sat Adolffs tag. Imiar, MDXV sm. fo sch, Ernst. Beiträge zur Blütenbiologie. See Bibliotheca rim Heft 48. 1899. Fisher, William Rogers. Lecture on Forastry given before the Royal Dublin Society, March 3, 1899. (Econ. Proc. Roy. Dubl. Bo 1. Dublin, 1892. 8vo Fliche, Paul. Note sur les bois silicifiés de Ronchamp (Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr., III. xxv.) Paris, 1897. 8vo. —— ur un bois de Vigne des ee du Cantal. (Bnli. es Gol Fr., IIT. xxvii.) Paris, 1899. Fragoso, Juan. Discursos de las cosas aromaticas, arboles y frutales, etc. Madrid, 1572. sm. 8vo. Franchet, Adrien Les Carex de l'Asie Orientale. (Nouv. Arch. us. Hist. Nat., II. viii.-x.) Paris, 1896-98. dto Friedlànder, Carl Martin. See Blackley, W. L., & C. M. F. Fries, Thore Magnus. Bidrag till en Lefnadsteckning öfver Carl von Linné. vii. Resp. J. H. E. SCHUCK. (Upsala, 1898.) 8vo. —— viii. Ib., 8vo. —— Caroli Linn®i Hortus Uplandicus med inledning och fórklaringar. Inbjudningsskrift. Resp. J. A. H. HAMMAR. (Upsala, 1899.) 8vo. Fritsch, wrk I Kerner von Marilaun, À. Schedae ad floram austro-hungaric Fuenfstueck, Moritz. Die Fettabscheidungen der Kalkflechten. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. . Gaeta, Giuse Catalogo sistematico delle Conifere esistenti nel giardino e us parco di me etc. Firenze, 1899. 8vo. 5727. cis s 53. 63 Gardening, or, practical and economical training for the manage- ment of a school or cottage garden. hese Manuals of Sate n. 2. Ed. 3.) London, 1850. 12m Geheeb, Adalbert. Weitere Beitráge zur Moosflora von Neu- Guinea. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 44. 1898. Gent. Handelingen van het tweede vlaamsch natuur—en geneeskundig congres g den te Gent den 28 Augustus 1898. Gent, 1898. 8vo. Geoponiea. Constantine IV., surnamed Pogonatus, Emperor of Constantinople. Constantini Cesaris selectarum prae ea e agricultura libri viginti, JANO CORNARIO medico physic interprete, recens in lucem emissi. Venetiis, 1538. 8vo. Giesenhagen, Karl. Anpassungserscheinungen einiger epiphy- tischer Farne. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899. Gifford, Isabella. The marine Botanist; an introduction to the study of the British sea-weeds. Ed. 3. Brighton, 1853. 2 (Gilbert, Samuel] The Florists’ Vade-mecum, etc. [s.a. e. l.]. vo. Gilg, Ernst. See Thoms, H. — See Engler, A. 1898, Glueck, Hugo. Entwurf zu einer vergleichenden Morphologie der Flechten-Spermogonien. Heidelberg, 1899. 8vo. Good, Peter P. The family Flora and Materia Medica botanica. New edition. Cambridge, Mass., (s. a.). 2 vols. 8vo Goodchild, J. G. See Hodgson, W. Gosse, Philip Henry. Notes on the a. History of the Aconcagua Valleys. Botany by I. H. BURKILL. (FitzGerald, E. A., The Highest Andes, pp. 338-376.) (Londini), [1899]. 8vo. Grant-Duff, Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone. See Warren, J. B. L. Flora of Cheshire Gravis, Auguste. Recherches anatomiques et pay oionn sur le Tradescantia virginica, L., etc. (Mém. des Sav. etrang. publiés par. l'Acad. roy. des Sciences << ug pelyique, 1898.) Bruxelles, 1898. 4to. . . Green, Joseph wem The soluble Ferments and Fermentation. Cambridge, 1899. 8vo Green, Samuel B. Forestry in Minnesota. Delano, 1898. 8vo. u Paul. Origine ee des Caoutchoucs et Gutta- perc Paris & Nanc o ivi a | 64 Greshoff, M. Indische Vergiftrapporten. Met eene duced van H. WEFERS BETTINK, 1. 'S-Graverhage, 1899. 8vo Gruess, Johannes. Enzymologie. See Schwendener, 8. Fest- schrift. 1899. Guerke, Max. See Richter, K. Guimpel, Friedrich. Abbildung und EET aller in der Pharmacopoea borussica aufgefü ührten Gewaechse. Text von D. F. L. v. SCHLECHTENDAL. Berlin, 1830-1837. 3 vols. 4to. Guyettant, C. Memento botanique contenant onze mille trois cents noms T et tous les noms italiens des plantes, etc. Paris. 1899. Haberlandt, Gottlieb. Hervorrufung eines neuen Organes bei Conocephalus ovatus. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Hallier, Hans Gottfried. Ueber Bombycospermum Presl, eine Dicotylongattung von bisher noch zweifelhafter Stellung. (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo. ` —— 58 SIETE eine neue Section der kl eue etn Rivea. (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo — — Zur Convolvulaceenflora Amerika's. (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo —- Dipteropeltis, eine neue Poraneengattung aus Kamerun. (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo. Hamilton, A. List of the genera and species of New Zealand D um Wellington, 1899. 8vo Hammar, J. A. H. See Fries, Th. M. Hanbury, Frederick Janson, > Edward Shearburn Marshall. Flora of Kent. London, 1899. 8vo _ Walter. Essays on Husbandry. Ed. 2. London, 1770. 8vo ; (Hartless, Amos C.] Notes on the Agriculture of the Darjeeling District. (Indian Gardening, 1899?) [Calcutta, 1899 ?] 8vo. Heinig, R. L. Glossary of the botanic terms used in describing flowering plants. Calcutta, 1899. 8vo. Heinricher, Emil. Regenerationsfähigkeit . . von Cystopteris. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Henslow, Goor Medical works of the fourteenth century, etc. London, 1899. Hensman, R. See Johnson, T. 1899. 65 Hereman, Samuel. See Paxton, Sir J. Héribaud Joseph (le frére). Les Muscinées d'Auvergne. (Mém. Acad. Sc. Clermont-Ferrand. 2"* ser. Fasc. 4.) Clermont-Ferrand, 1899. 8vo. Herrera, Gabriel Alonso d'. Agricoltura tratta da diversi antichi moderni scrittori dal SIG. G. A. D'H. et tradotta di lingua spagnuola in italiana da MAMBRINO Bonn. Venetia, 1577. 8vo. Heuzé, Gustave. Les plantes industrielles. Ed. 3. Paris, 1893-95. 4 vols. sm. 8vo. —— Les plantes alimentaires des pays chauds et des colonies. Ed. 2. Paris, 1899. 12mo Heydrich, F. Ueber die weiblichen Conceptakeln von Sporo- lithon. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 49. 1899. Hillhouse, William. See Strasburger, E. 1887. Hitchcock, Albert S. Flora of Kansas. Manhattan, 1899. 8vo. Hochreutiner, Georges. Une famille de Botanistes—Les Candolle. (Suisse Universitaire, 1898.) Genéve, 1898. 8vo. evue de Botanique ue l'année 1898. (Suisse Universi- 8vo taire, lie. 18995 Genéve, 1899. Hodgson, William. Flora of Cumberland With an introductory chapter on the soils of Cumberland, by J. G. GOODCHILD. Carlisle, 1898. Hollrung, M. See Jahresbericht. § 3. Holmes, Edward Morel. Myrrh and Bdellium. (Pharm. Journ. Nov. 1898.) [London, 1898.] 8vo. —— The arrangement of herbaria. (Repcrt Mus. Assoc. 1898.) Blasen and Edinburgh, 1899. $8vo. —— West Indian sandal wood oil. (Pharm. Journ. Jan. 1899.) [London, 1899.] 8vo —— enna Nomenclature. (Pharm. Journ. 1899.) [London, 1899.] 8v Holtermann, Carl. Pilzbauende Formian: See Mund, 8. Festschrift. 1899. Home, Francis. Ler prd de Teen et de la Végétation. (With Mémoire su le Froment, ned and Mémoire pour Servir à indiquer Pr plan pour nir & connoitre ce qui produit le bled noir ded is bleds, etc.) ) Paris, 1761. 8vo. 66 Hovelacque, Maurice. Discours prononcés sur la tombe de M. H. le 20 Mai 1898. Paroles par C. Ec. BERTRAND, EMM. D MARGERIE et VAN DEN BR@CK. Son œuvre scientifique. Sa vie, par C. Ec. BERTRAND. [Paris, 1899.] 4to. Huie, T H. Further study of en hd apes in Dro Part ii. (Quart. Journ. Mier. Sc. lii.) odes, 1899. ] 8vo Hulth, J. M. Ueber einige Kalktuffe aus Westergótland. (Bull. Geol. Inst. Upsala, iv.) Upsala, 1899. vo. Humphrey, — — The Saprolegniacee of the United States, with no her species. (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. 8. xvii.) Philadelphia, 1 1893. 4to. India. Botanical Survey. Report, 1898-99. [Simla], 1899. fol Irmisch, Thilo. Zur Morphologie der monokotylischen Knollen- und Zwiebelgewächse. Berlin, 1850. 8vo. Jackson, Robert Tracy. Localised stages in development in plants and animals. (Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. v.) Boston, 1899. dto. Jaczewski, ghee Louis. Monographie du genre Spheronema oras (Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xv.) Moscou, 1898. to. Jaederholm, Elof. Anatomiska Studier öfver sydamerikanska Peperomier. Upsala, 1898. 8vo. Jahn, E. Comatricha obtusata. See Schwendener, S. Fest- schrift. 1899. Jeffrey, Edward C. The development, structure, and affinities o B t f the genus Equisetum. (Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. v.) Boston, 1899. 4to. (Johnson, Thomas.) The sources of Rubber. [Dublin, 1899.] 4to. Johnson, Thomas, & R. Hensman. A list of Irish Compares: (Scient. Proc. Roy. Dubl. Soc. ix.) [Dublin], 1899. 8vo Karsten, Georg. Die Diatomeen der Kieler Bucht. (Wiss. Me rer Abtheilung Kiel. Neue Folge. Bd. 4.) Kiel, 1899. 4to Kerner von Marilaun, Anton. cod Antheil Oesterreichs an der ` naturwissenschaftlichen Erforschung Amerikas. (Mittheilung. k.-k. Geogr. Gesellsch. Wien. 1893.) Win, 1893. 8vo. —— Ueber das Vorkommen der Manna-Flechte (Lecanor culenta) in Griechenland. (Akad. Anzeig. Wien, 1806). : Dies, 1896.] 8 3 67 Kerner von Marilaun, Anton. Beitrag zur Flora von Ostafrika. (Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1897.) [Wien, 1897.] 8vo. —— Schede ad floram exsiecatam austro-hungaricam vi.—vii. Auctore A. KERNER. viii. Auctore C. FRITSCH. Vindobone, 1893-99. $8vo. : Klebahn, Heinrich. Befruchtung von Sphaeroplea annulina. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Knoch, Eduard. Untersuchungen über die Morphologie jw Blüte von Victoria regia. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 41. Knuth, Paul Erich Otto Wilhelm. Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Léped, 1898-09. 3 vols. 8vo. Kolkwitz, Richard. Chlorophyllbinder von Spirogyra. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Korshinsky, S. J. Tentamen Flore Rossis Orientalis, etc. (Mém. Tons Imp. Se. St. Pétersbourg, VIII. vii.) St. Pétersbourg, 1898. Krafft, Guido. Illustriertes re Lexikon. Dritte, neubearbeitete Auflage. Berlin, 1900 [18 8vo. Kratz, Carl. Pflanzenheilverfahren. (1). Kritische Beiträge. (2). Praxis der Krüuterkuren. (3). Geschichte der Krüuterkuren. Berlin, 1897-98. 3 vols. 8vo. Krause, Ernst H. L. Nova Meri Ruborum Germaniae et Virginiae. Pars 1. Saarlouis, 1899. 4to Krueger, Wilhelm. Das Zuckerrohr und seine Kultur, etc. Magdeburg & Wien, 1899. 8vo. Kuckuck, Paul. Ueber Polymorphie bei einigen Phzosporeen. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre Monnet, Chevalier de. See Clos, D. La Quintinye, Jean de. The compleat Gard'ner, etc., made English by JOHN EVELYN. London, 1693. sm. fol. Laurence, John. A new system of Agriculture being a complete body of Husbandry and Gardening, ete. London, 172€. fol. ecomte Henri. Les arbres à L gutta-percha. Leur culture. Paris, 1899. 8vo 8 —— Le café, Caliaie manipulation, production. Paris, 1899, vo. : : = = 68 Legré, Ludovic. La Botanique en Provence au XVIe. siècle. --HUGUES DE SOLIER. Marseille, 1899. 8vo Leitgeb, Hubert. Zur Kenntniss des Wachsthumes von Fissi- dens. (Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wein. lix.) (Wien, 1874.) 8vo. s Wachsthum von ex (Mittheil. Naturwiss. Ver. 1 18) Graz, 1874. 8vo Le Jolis, Auguste. Deux points de nomenclature.— Ranu culus acer.—Sonchus oleraceus. (Mém. Soc. Sc. Cherb. ck) (Cherbourg, 1899.) 8vo. Lemstróm, Selim. Experiments on the influence of electricity on growing vegetables ur plants. (Electrical Review, 1898.) [London, 1898 ?]. 4to. T CERIS Gustav. Gyrophora. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. Linden, Jean Jules. Hortus lindenianus. Recueil icono- graphique des plantes nouvelles introduites par l'établissement de J. L. Bruxelles, 1859. 8vo. un John. An introduction to the natural system of otany. First American Dg es with an appendix by JOHN TORREY. New York, 1831. 8vo — — Ladies’ Botany ; or, a familiar introduction to the Study -Ai the natural system of Botany. New edition. London, 1841. Linné, de von. Genera plantarum, etc. Ed. 6. Holmie, 1764. Svo s de an Curtis Gates. Mycological notes. n. 1-3 [Cincinnati, ] London. Greater Bram Exhibition, Earl’s Court, 1899. Queens- land Conrt. See Bailey, F. M. Lorentz, Paul Guenther. Moosstudien. Herausg. von P. G. L. Leipzig, 1864. 4to. : Lorenz von Liburnau (sen.), Joseph, Ritter. Eine fossile Halimeda aus dem Flysch von Muntigl (monticulus) t bei Salzburg. (Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien. evi.) Wein, 1897. 8vo Lotsy,J.P. See Mededeelingen von de Laboratoria der Gouverne- ment's Kinaonderneming. $ iii. Loudon, Jane Wells. The ladies" companion to the flower-garden, Ed, 6. einge 1853. 8vo 69 e d John Claudius. The suburban Horticulturist. London, 8 Luehmann, J. George. A short dichotomous key to the hitherto known species of Eucalyptus. (Austral. Assoc. Adv. Sc., Sydney, 1898.) (Sydney, 1898.) 8vo. Lundstrém, Axel Nikolaus. Frin Svenska Barrskogar. For- klaringar och Bilder till Sagverks—och ee nn utställning i Stockholm, 1897. Utgivna af A. N. Sto holm, 1897. 8vo. Macer Floridus, Aemilius. be virtutibus herbarum noviter inventus ac impressus. Colophon. De virtutibus herbarum & qualitatibus speciebus finit eier, Venetiis impressus per Bernardinu Venetum de Vitalibus. Anno Domini, 1506. to. Macfarlane, John Muirhead. A short history of the garden [of the University of Pennsylvania]. Philadelphia, 1899. 8vo. MacMillan, Conway. Minnesota plantlife. (Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. , Report. Bot. Series, iii.) Saint Paul, Minn., 1899. 8vo Macoun, James Melville. Notes on some Ottawa violets. (The Ottawa Naturalist, xii.) (Ottawa, 1899.) 8vo. — "The cryptogamic Flora of Ottawa. (The Ottawa Naturalist, TENE (Ottawa, 1897-98.) 8vo. Macoun, W. T. Orchard and forest tree culture. Evidence of before the select standing Committee on Agriculture and Colonization. Ottawa, 1899. Svo. [MacOwan, Peter] Report of the Government Botanist and Curator of the Cape Government Herbarium for the year 1898. Cape Town, 1899. 8vo. Makino, Tomitaró. Phanerogame et Pteridophyte Japonicse iconibus illustrate. 1899. Tokyo, 1899. 8vo. Margerie, Emm. de. See Hovelacque, M. (Markham, Gervase.] Markham's — to iens or, the enriching of all sorts of barren unds in our king- dome, etc. London, 1649. 8vo. Marloth, Rudolf. Die Blattscheiden von Watsonia Meriana. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Marshall Edward Shearburn. See Hanbury, F. J., & E. S. M. Massart, J sert. (Extension de l'Univ. libre. de Bruxelles, 1898-00. ) l“ pruxelles, eg oro, wmm E US TO Massart, Jean. La dissémination des plantes alpines. (Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belge, xxxvii.) Gand, 1898. Svo. —— Sur des fleurs bicalearées de Corydalis solida. (Mém. Soc. Beles di Microscopie.) [Bruxelles, 1899 ?] 8vo Massee, George Edward. A text-book of plant diseases caused by cryptogamic parasites. London, 1899. 8vo. Matsumura, Jingo, & Manabu Miyoshi. Cryptogama Japonics iconibus illustrates, 1839. Tokyo, 1899. 8vo. Mattirolo, Oreste. L’opera botanica di Ulisse ALDROVANDI. Bologna, 1897. 8vo —— Enumeratio seminum in R. Horto Botanico Florentino anno 1898 denn accedunt nonnullae plantarum sinensium novarum diagnoses auctore E. BARONI. Florentiae, 1898. Svo. —— [Illustrazione del primo volume dell’ Erbario di ULISSE ALDROVANDI. Genova, 1899. 8vo Measures, Robert Herbert. Collection of Cypripediums [at] “The Woodlands,” Streatham. (London), 1893. Oblong 24mo. Another edition. (London), 1899. Oblong 24mo. Meehan, Thomas. Pinus pungens ; the Table Mountain pine. ee Rep. Penn. Fruit Growers’ Soc. 1877.) Harrisburg, 1879. ——— Investigations in the bark of trees. (Common wealth of Pennsylvania. Dep. Agric. Bull.n. 29.) [Harrisburg], 1897. 8vo. Minden, Max von. Beiträge zur anatomischen und physic- logischen. Kenntnis Wasser-secernierender Organe. See Bib- liotheca Dotunios, Heft 46. 1899. Miyoshi, M. See Matsumura, J. & M. M. Moebius, Martin. Bewegungsorgane an Blattstielen. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. . Molendo, Ludwig. See Lorentz, P. G. Moosstudien, 1864. Moore, Spencer Le Marchant. See Warren, J. B. L. Flora of Cheshire. Murray, Johann Andreas. Apparatus medicaminum tam simpli- cium quam praeparatorum et compositorum in praxeos adjumen- tum consideratus. Editio altera. Curante LUDWIG CRISTOPH ALTHOF. Goettingae, 1784-94. 6 vols. 8vo. eumy, Richard Paget. The flora of Somerset. Taunton, > _ ert . 8vo x ar | | bec iras E os s 11 Nelson, Elias. Revision of the Western North American Phloxes. Laramie, 1899. 8vo Newton, Edwin Tulley, & J.J. H. Teall. Notes on a collection of rocks and fossils from Franz Josef Land, made by the Jackson- Harmsworth expedition ird 2 ~ (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1897.) [London, 1897.] ——— Additional notes. (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1898.) (Ib. 1898 8vo Nicol, Walter. The Scotch forcing and kitchen Gardener; being a second edition . . . of the Scotch forcing Gardener. Edin- burgh, 1798. 8vo. Nylander, William. Life. See Arnold, F. C. G. Obach, Eugene Frederick Augustus. Die Guttapercha. Mit einem Vor wort von K. SCHUMANN. Dresden-Blasewitz, 1899. Oosten, Henry van. The Dutch Gardener: or, the compleat Florist. Ed.2. London, 1711. 8v5. Ormerod, Eleanor A. Handbook of insects injurious to orchard and bush fruits with means of prevention and remedy. London, 1898. 8vo. Report of observations of injuriousinsects . . . during the voi year 1893. London, 1899. 8vo. See Tegetmeier, W.B. Ortega, Casimiro Gomez. Tablas — en que se explican sumariamente las clases de plantas que trae TOURNE- FORT en sus Instiiudfonon. Madrid, 1783. un 8vo rtega, Casimiro Gomez, & Antonio Palau y Verdera. Curso Ort elemental de Botánica, dispuesto para la enseñanza del real jardin botánico de Madrid. Madri d, 1785. 2 vols. sm. 8vo und registern. Colophon: Getruckt und Pycha ehen | : durch Joannem Priiss buchtrucker zum Thiergarten | Burger zu Strassburg. Geendet uff sant Johannis enthauptung tage | In de jare da man zalt n ic geburt | J Christi | Tusent fiinf hundert und syben. Sm. errata Auguste & Desiré Bois. Le potager d'un curieux. istoi de 200 p ees oe peu eonnues ou emen Ed. 2. Paris, i Palau y Verdera, A. See Ortega, C. G. & A. Palau y Verdera. - Palibin,Ivan. Plantae Sinico-Mongolicae in itinere chinganensi | anno 1891 collectae. (Acta Horti Petrop. xiv) (Peiropoli | Sox | : 12 Palibin, Ivan. Conspectus Florae Koreae. Pars prima. (Acta Horti Petrop. xvii.) Petropoli, 1898. 8vo Paxton, Sir J oseph. Paxton’s botanical Dictionary of all plants known in Britain. Revised and corrected by SAMUEL HEREMAN. London, (1868). 8vo. Peach. A treatise upon the culture of peach trees. (Translated from the French.) London, 1768. 8vo. Pearson, William Henry. The Hepaticae of the British Isles. Parts 1-2. London, 1899. 8vo Penhallow, David Pearce. See Dawson, Sir J. W. & D. P. P. Plemper van Balen, B. A. Iets over geleidelijke Vervorming bij Planten en Bloemen. (Wageningen, 1899.) 8vo. Pospichal, Eduard. Flora des oesterreichischen Küstenlandes. Bd. ii. Leipzig und Wien, 1898-99. 8vo. Potonié, Henry. Lehrbuch der Pflanzenpalaeontologie, etc. Berlin, 1897-99. 8vo Prag. Kräl’s Bacteriologisches Laboratorium. Der gegen- würtige Bestand der Kral’schen Summlung von Mikroorganismen. October, 1899. Prag, (1899). 8vo. Pratesi, Pietro. Tavole di botanica elementare. [Pavia], 1804. 0. Queensland. Department of Agriculture. Catalogue of wheats grown at State Farm, Hermitage, during season of 1898. Brisbane, 99. 8vo Queensland Guide. See Rutlidge, C. 8. Radde, Gustav. See Engler, A., & O. Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde. iii. Raunkier, Christen. De danske Blomsterplanters Naturhistorie. Fórste Bind. Enkimbladede. For stérste delen tegnede af I. RAUNKLER og C. R. Kjöbenhavn, 1895- 99. 8vo. Reiche, Carlos. Flora de Chile. Entrega 3-4. Santiago de Chile, 1897-98. 8vo. Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav. See Fischer, G. A. 1884. $2. „Reid, Clement. The Origin of the British Flora. London, 1899. Reid, John. The Boobs Gardner XR is unid i = the Gard'n ners Calender. Ue c Eüiiburgh, 1721 13 Reinhardt, M. a Tol Studien. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899 inke, Johannes. Gedanken über das Wesen der Organisation. (Bieloriseh. Centralbl. xix.) Leipzig, 1899. 8vo Rendle, Alfred Barton. Catalogue of the African plants col- lected by F. WELWITSCH in 1853-61. ii. Part 1. (Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms). London, 1899. 8vo. Richter, Karl. Plant» Europe. Emendavit ediditque M. GUERKE. Tomus ii. Fasc. 2. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo. Rilliet, Albert. Rapport du président de la Société de Physique td Histoire naturelle de Genéve. (Mém. Soc. Phy. Gen. xxxiii.) cs 1899. Ato. ey drigues, Joáo Barbosa. Palmae novae paraguayenses, etc. o de Janeiro, 1899. 4to. Rolland, Eugène. Flore populaire, etc. ii, Paris, 1899. 8vo. Rostowzew, S. J. Botanicheski Sad pri moskovskom sel' istvennom Institut. Der botanische Garten bei dem skokhozy land wirthschaftlichen Institut zu Moskau. Moskau, 1899. 8vo Rouy, Georges, & Julien Foucaud. Flore de France, etc., Con- tinuée par G. Rouy. Tome v. Asnières et Paris, 1899. 8vo. se idi Giuseppe M. en delle piante coltivate nell' I. R. Orto Botanico in Vene : Supplimento primo al catalogo 1847. [ Venezia, 1847. 3 8vo T e veo Charles Schaefer. Guide to Queensland. London, 9]. 8vo Saccardo, Pier Andrea. Francesco AMBROSI. Cenni biografici. (Bull. Soc. Ven. Trent. Sc. Nat. vi.) Padova, 1898. 8vo. Sahut, Félix. Charles NAUDIN. Notice séeoiegiqué et biographique. Montpellier, 1899. 8vo. —— Un épisode rétrospectif à propos de la découverte du P hyllozéra. Montpellier, 1899. 8vo. Sargent, Charles Sprague. The Silva of North America. Vol. xii. Boston and New York, 1898. 4to. Schellenberg, H. C. Entwickelungsgeschichte des Stammes von Aristolochia sipho. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. ? Schinz, Hans. Die morphologish biologische Anlage und das System des botanischen Gartens in Zürich. 189. Zürich, 1899. e 74 Schinz, Hans. Der botanische Garten und das botanische Museum der Universität Zürich im Jahre 1898, und Verzeichnis as Tausch abgebbarer Pflanzen, ete. 1898-99. Zürich, 1899. vo. —— Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universität ürich. von H. S. viii. (Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii.) eee 1899. 8vo Schlechtendal, Diedrich Franz Leonard von. See Guimpel, F. Sehleichert, F. PME OR Experimente im Winter. (Naturwiss. Wochenschr: [1899 ?]. Berlin, 1899. 8vo. Schrader, ser — De Asperifoliis Linnei commentatio. Gottingae, 1820. Schreiber, Paul. Die Einwirkung des Waldes auf Klima und Witterung. Dresden, 1899. 8vo. Schueck, J. H. E. Resp. See Fries, Th. M. 1898. Behulz, August. Grundzüge einer Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pflanzenwelt Mitteleuropas seit dem Ausgange der Tertiärzeit. Jena, 1894. 8vo. Schulze, Max. Die Orchidaceen Deutschlands, Deutsch-Oester- reichs und der Schweiz. Gera-Untermhaus, [1892]-94. 8vo. nun Karl. Morphologische Studien. Heft 2. Leipzig, 99. 8 —— Die Verbreitung der Cactaceae im Verhältniss zu ihrer asilconatiaclien Gliederung. (Abhandl. k. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Be rlin. Anhang, 1899.) Berlin, 1899. 4to. Die epiphytischen Kakteen. See Schwendener, S. Fest- schrift, 1899. Schwendener, Simon. Botanische Untersuchungen zum 10 Februar 1899 daten Festschrift. By various authors. | Berlin, 1899. 8vo Scoffern, J. Outlines of Botany. London, [s. a.] 8vo. Sébire, A. Les plantes utiles du Sénégal. Paris, 1899. 8vo. ard, Albert Charles. Notes on the Binney collection of Coal mensure plants. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. x.) [Cambridge, 9] 8v Sexby, John James. The municipal pota menm. and open spaces of London. London, 1898. 8vo Es Shirley, John. Intervationel pan IURE of ss literature, a 7 Rue ensland volume, Brisbane, 1899. 8vo. 15 Smith, John Donnell. See Durand, Th., & H. Pittier. Solereder, Hans. P e Anatomie der Dicotyledonen. Bauen. 1599. [1898-99]. 8vo Solomon Islands, British. Report for 1898-99. (Col. Rep.— Ann. n. 275.) London, 1899. o. Sowerby, James. Flora luxurians; or the Florist's delight. n. 1-3. (all published). London, (1789-91). fol. Sprecchis, Pompejus. Antabsinthium Clavenae, idest quo Absinthium Umbelliferum in Monte Seruae Belluni, et aliis Italiae montibus ortum sit idem cum Absinthio alpino umbellifero Caroli Clusii, Venetiis, 1611. sm. 4to. Steinbrinck, C. Ueber den hygroskopischen Mechanismus von Staubbeuteln. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. i Stockholm. Forestry Exhibition, etc. See Lundstrém, A. N. 897. Strasburger, Eduard. Handbook of practical botany, for the botanical laboratory and private student. en from the German by W. HILLHOUSE. London, 1887. —— Histologische Beiträge, etc. Heft. V. Jena, 1893. Heft V VI. Ib. 1900 [1899]. 8vo. Stuckert, Teodóro. Una Leguminosa nueva [Prosopis Barba- tigridis | de la Flora —— (Com. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, i.). [Buenos Aires, 1899.] 8vo Swartz, Olof. Genera et Species Orchidearum systematice coordinatarum (Schrad. Neues Journ.i.) [Erfurtiae.] 1805. Sydow, ees Deutscher Botaniker-Kalender für 1599. Berlin, [1898]. 12m Taylor, Joseph. Nature the best physician; or, a pp domestic herbal. London, 1818. 12mo. : Teall, J. J. Harris. See Newton, E. T., & J. J. H. T. Tegetmeier, William B. The house sparrow, ete. With an appendix by E. A. ORMEROD. London, 1899. 8vo. : Thoms, Hermann. Einführung in die praktische Nahrungs- mittelehemie. Mit einem Anhange botanisch-mikroskopischer Teil von E. GILG. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo. Tiflis: Botanic Garden. Trudui p botanicheskago 5 : © soda, iii. Tiflis, 1899. 8vo. —— ens John. Seo Lindley, John. 16 Trowell, Samuel. A new treatise of Husbandry, Gardening, and ed curious matters relating to country affairs. London, 1739. Tschirch, Alexander. Harzbildung bei den Pflanzen. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Tubeuf, Karl, Freiherr von. Pflanzenkrankheiten durch krypto- game Parasiten verursacht. Berlin, 1895. 8vo United States. Department of Agriculture. Report n. 59. Curing and fermentation of cigar leaf tobacco by OSCAR LOEW. Washington, 1899. Svo. Valco — de. Résumé de trente années d'observations e rum Cannes. Tours, 1898. Svo. Vanhoeffen, C. Botanische Ergebnisse der Grónlandsexpedi- tion Pena hdon. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 42. 1897. Varro, Marcus Terentius. See Cato, M. P., & M. T. V. Vegetable Substances used for the food of man. London, 1846. vols. 12mo. [Based on the work so named which was published in the “ Library of Entertaining Knowledge."] Virchow, Rudolf. The Huxley lecture on recent advances in Science and their bearing on Medicine and Surgery. (Brit. Med. Journ. 1898.) London, 1898. 8vo. Voechting, Hermann. Ueber Bliithen-Anomalien. (Jahrb. wiss. Bot. xxxi.) Berlin, 1898. 8vo. ur Physiologie der Knollengewüchse. (Jahrb. wiss. Bot. x3 aes Leipzig, 1899. 8vo. Volkens, Georg. Bestäubung einiger Loranthaceen. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. Wallis, John. ore : a which are fact „Strating that tre . . derive their notstiaent independently of the earth, eie. Laois. 1833. Ward, R. Halsted. Plant organisation. A review of the struc- ture and m orphology of = s by the written method. Ed. 2. Boston i m ], 1890. 4to, en Johannes Eugen Bülow. Familien Podostemacex 189 . RER (Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. ix.) Kjöbenhavn, 9. 4to Warren, John Byrne Leicester, 3rd Baron de Tabley. The Flora of Cheshire. Edited by S. LE M. MOORE, with a biographical. =~ notice of the author by. SIR MOUNTETUART GRANT bvrr. m 1899. _ 8vo 77 Weiss, Frederick Ernest. Life. karua ín Ann. Rep. Manch. Mier. Soc. 1898.) [Manchester, 1899.] Weisse, Arthur. Entwickelungsgeschichte der Onagraceen- Blüthe. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899. Wendland, Johann M gener Hortus nn seu plantae rariores quae in horto regio Herrenhusano . . coluntur. Fasc. 1-4. Eco 1798-1801. fol. Westermaier, Max. Spaltöffnungen und ihre nebenapparate. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 99. [Weston, Richard.) Tracts on practical Agriculture and Gardening. London, 1769.—Ed. 2, ib., 1773. Wettstein von Westersheim, Richard, Ritter von. Der botanische Garte n und das botanische Institut der k.-k. deutschen Univer- sität in Prag. (Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1899.) Wien, 1899. 8vo. Die Lehrkanzel für systematische Botanik an der kd. d. deutschen Universität in Prag. Prag, 1899. 8vo. Whately, Thomas. Observations on modern Gardening illus- trated by descriptions. Ed.4. London, 1777. 8vo. Wille, N. Ueber die Wanderung der Anorganischen Nührstoffe bei den Laminariaceen. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899. Wishart, John. The Botanist's Vade-mecum : being a synopsis ofthe divisions . . of the Vegetable Kingdom. Edinburgh, (1898). sm. 8vo. Withers, W. A letter to Sir Walter SCOTT, Bart., expos certain PR ETE errors in his late essay on irap tri London, 1828. 8vo. Wittmack, Louis. Die Wiesen auf den Moordämmen in der Kénigl. Oberförsterei Zehdenick. Vierter bis neunter Bericht. (Landw. Jahrb. 1894-99.) Berlin, 1824-99. 8vo. Woenig, Franz. Die Pusztenflora der grossen ungarischen Tiefebene. Nach des Verfassers Tode herausgegeben von E. S. ZUERN. Leipzig, 1899. vo. Wood, Horatio C. A contribution to the History of the fresh- water Àlge of North America. (Smithsonian Contributions to ne 241.) [Washington, D.C. ] 1872. 4to. Wood, John Medley, & Maurice S. Evans. Natal plants. Descriptions and f qus indigenous plants, with notes on ptions and figures o one: 99. “Ho. i * ‘their —n ete. Vol. i 18 Yates, James. Textrinum antiquorum : an account of the art of une among the ancients. Part1. (All published.) London, 3. Gvo. Zopf, Wilhelm. Untersuchungen über die durch p Pilze hervorgerufenen Krankheiten der Flechten. (Nov. Nat. Cur., lxx.) Halle, 1897-98. 4to. $ 2.—TRAVELS. Battye, A. Trevor-. See Trevor-Battye, A. Burton, Sir Richard Francis. Account of the ascent of the Cameroons mountain. [London,1862.] fol. Conway, Sir William Martin. The Alps from end to end. Westminster, 1895. 8vo Crawfurd, John. Journal of an Embassy from the Governor- General of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China, etc. Ed. 2. London, 1830. 2 vols. 8vo. Fischer, Gustav Adolf. Bericht über die im Auftrage der geo- graphischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg unternommene Reise in es Masai-Land. Bericht über G. A. FISCHER’ 8 Herbarium von H. G REICHENBACH. (Mitth. Geogr. Ges. Hamb.) (Hamburg, 1884.] vo. FitzGerald, Edward A. Climbs in the New Zealand Alps. "APR contributions by SIR MARTIN Conway, T. G. BONNEY, & C. L. ' BARROW. London, 1896. 8vo —— See Gosse, P. H. $1. Johnston, Charles. Travels in Southern Abyssinia, through the conntry of Adal to the kingdom of Shoa. London, 1844. 2 vols. Jordan, W. See Rohlfs, G. 1876. Jouan, Henri. Notes sur l'Archipel Hawaiien (Iles Sandwich). (Mém. Soc. Sc. Cherb. xvii.) Cherbourg, 1892. 8vo. Krieger, Maximilian. Neu-Guinea, mit Beiträgen von A. oe VON DANCKELMAN, F. VON LUSCHAN, P. MATSCHIE d O. WARBURG. (Bibliothek d. Länderkunde, Bd. v-vi.) Berlin, (1899). 8vo. Me. Maiden, Joseph Henry. Mount Seaview and the way thither. i es Gaz. N. S. Wales, 1898.) ange 1898. 8vo. — 19 Markham, Sir Clements Robert. Antartic exploration: a plea fora national expedition. London, 1893. Svo. Massart, Jean. Un voyage botanique au Sahara. (Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. xxxvii) Gand, 1898. Svo. Michaux, André. Journal of A. M., 1787-1796. With an intro- duetion and notes by C. S. SAR RGENT. (Proc. Amer. Phil. Se xxvi.) [rm 1889 ?] 8vo. Mueller, Karl. Das Buch der Pflanzen welt. Botanische Reise um die Welt. Leipzig, 1857. 2 vols. Nansen, Fridtjof. Farthest North, being the record of a voyage of exploration of the ship Fram, 1893- 96, ete. Westminster, 1897. 2 vols. 8vo. Niederlein, Gustavo. The Republic of Guatemala. Philadelphia, 1898. 8vo. Philippar, Francois. id age agronomique en Angleterre fait en 1829. Paris, 1830. 8vo eun, Gerhard. hen tton zur Erforschung der libyschen ¥ 1873-74 ausgeführt. Bd. ii. Physische, Geographie und sinon bearbeitet von W. JORDAN. Cassel, 1876. 4to Russell Frank. Explorations in the Far North. Iowa, 1898. 0. Sargent, Charles Sprague. See Michaux, A. Squier, Ephraim George. Travels in Central America, par- ticularly in Nicaragua: with a description of its aboriginal monu- ments, scenery and people, etc. New York, 1853. 2 vols. 8vo. decet Aubyn. Ice-bound on Kolguev. Westminster, 1895. : Warburg, Otto. See Krieger, M $ 8. PERIODICALS. Including the Publications of Societies. Allgemeine botanische Zeiischrift : s herausg. von A KNEUCKER. Beiheft. Karlsruhe, [1899]. 8vo. Annales de Géographie. S"* Année. n. 41. Bibliographie de be. Publiée ion we direction de L. RAVENEAU. Paris, » (18 > | 80 Berlin. Deutsche Land wirtschafts-Gesella2haft. Jahresbericht des Sonderausschusses für Pflanzenschutz, 1898. Zusammen- gestellt von B. FRANK und P. SORAUER. Berlin, 1899. 8vo. Boletín de Agricultura, Mineria é Industrias publicado por la Secretario de Fomento de la Repüblica Mexicana. Ano viii. n. 6, 10, 11, 12. Mexico, 1899. on tin de Agricultura ree Año 1. n. 1-2. San José e Costa Rica, 1899. 8vo Brussels. Academie royale de Belgique. Tables générales du u des Bulletins. 3"* serie. ‘Tomes i-xxx. Bruxelles, 1898. 8v Buitenzorg. 's Lands plantentuin. Bulletin de I’Iustitut botanique. n. 1. Buitenzorg, 1893. 8vo. Bulletin de l'Académie Internationale de Géographie botanique. Eon of Le Monde des Plantes.) 1899. Le Mans, 1898. Bulletin of erg Information. (Royal er bero Additional Ser Selected papers from the Kew Bu Vegetable Pibros: London, 1898. 8vo.; iii. be mes x sl Library of the Royal "Botanic Gardens, Kew. Ib., 1899. Calcutta. Asiatic Society of Bengal. Proceedings, 1865-98. Calcutta, 1866-99. 8vo. Cambridge, m. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Memoirs, New Series, ix-xii. Cambridge & Boston. 1867-98. 4to. Germany. Gesellschaft deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte. Amtliche Berichte über die Sammlungen, Berlin, 1828. Berlin, 1829. 4to. Hamburg, 1830. Hamburg, 1331. Ato. Hertford. Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural reed Society and Field Club (selected).' ix., 1897. Contains: JACKSON, B. DAYDON, On some overlooked records of Hertfordshire Plants ; ABBEY, h On the destruction of an elm-tree by Fungi at St. Albans; , Notes on some plants collected in Hertfordshire by Man rm M.—x., 1898-99. REID, C., The Paleolithic deposits at Hitchin and their relation to the Glacial Epoch ; ass hy ne parasitic flowering plants, etc. ; — do Repo e Mycetozoa of the South Midlands for ; 1895-1898. a & Hertford, 1897-99. 8vo. . International Sugar Journal. (Continuation of Sugar Cane) | m Yet i. Manchester, 1899. 8vo. - . : | | 81 Jahresbericht über die Neuerungen und Leistungen auf dem Gebiete des Pflanzenschutzes. Herausg. von M. HOLLRUNG. i. Berlin, 1899. 8vo. - Liege. Archives de l'Institut botanique de l'Université de Liége. Vol.i. Bruxelles, 1897. 8vo. Liverpool. Geographical Society. Transactions and seventh annual report of the Council. Liverpool, 1899. 8vo. London. Jenner Institute of Preventive Medicine. (Formerly British Institute of Preventive Medicine.) "Transactions. Second series. London, 1899. Svo. en van de Laboratoria der Gouvernement’s Kina- ondern . 1. De Localisatie van het Alcaloid in Cin- chona, em; 20 gekleurde Platen door J. P. Lorsr. Batavia, 1898. "Bee ` Plates to. Naples. Società Africana d'Italia. Voto al R. Governo per l'impianto dei giardini sperimentali . nell’ Eritrea. (Boll. = Soc. Afric. d’Ital. xviii.) (Napoli, 1899.) 8vo Palermo. R. Istituto botanico. Contribuzioni alla biologia - vegetale edite da A. BORZI. Vol. i. Palermo & Torino, 1894. Vol. ii. fasc. 3. Palermo, 1899. 8vo. Pará. Boletim de museu paraoa de historia natural e ethno- graphia. iii. Pará, 1894-98. i Vivis Institut de France. Annuaire pour 1899. Paris, 1899. 0. . Philadelphia. University of Pennsylvania. Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory. Vol. i. n. 3. Philadelphia, 1897. 8vo. Vol. ii.n.1. Ib. 1898. 8vo. Rhodora. Journal of the New England Botanical Club. B. L. RoBINSON, Editor-in-Chief. 1899. Boston and Providence, 1899. 0. Singapore. Royal Asiatic Society. Journal of the Straits Branch. Singapore, 1894-96, 1898-99. 8vo. [Nothing was pub- lished in 1892-93.] Stockholm. Meddelanden frän Stockholms Högskolas Botaniahn Institut. Band i. 1898. (Stockholm), 1898. 8vo. = Sugar Cane. Continued as International Sugar Journal, which Bee, : : = au o ë Ue pru. P E 82 Washington. Academy of Sciences. Proceedings. Washing- ton, 1899. 8vo. Watford. See Hertford. $ 4.—MANUSOCRIPTS. Theatrum] ar 0g 5 gine seu ape tere vivum. [Two small folio, volumes of named, chiefly native, European Plants, arranged sometime y eiie the eighteenth centai, after 1732.] ROYAL GARDENS, KEW. HULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX IV.—1900. LIST of the STAFFS of the ROYAL GARDENS, Kew, and of Botanical Departments and Establishments at Home, and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with Kew. * Trained at Kev. T Recommended by Kew. Royal Gardens, Kew :— Director - - «+ Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, KCMG, CLE, FRE, Private Secretary - E - Stephen T. Dunn, BA, erp ne Assistant (Office) Teds Burkill, M.A, F.L.S. Assista 5 - *John Aikman. - *William Nicholls Winn. » 33 Keeper of Herbarium and Library *William Botting Hemsley, L.S Principal Assistant(Pl ) Otto Stapf, Ph.D., A.L.S. (Cr ryptogams) - George Massee, Assistant (Herbarium) - = Nicholas Edward Brown, A.L.S. *Robert Allen. Rolfe, A.L.S. Charles Henry Wright, A.L.S. ee ee Eo. € i » *Sidney Alfred Skan. ” » Thomas Archibald Sprague, - Se. » forIndia - =- - H. H.W. Pearson, M.A. 6171—1375—6/1900 Wt81 D&S 2 7 — 84 Honorary ga i. €— € Dukinfield Henry a boratory - F.R.S., M.A., Ph.D., F.L. Keeper of Museums - - - John Reader Jackson, A.L.S. Assistant —À— - - - John Masters Hillier. Preparer - - - - George Badderly. Curator of the Gardens - - George Nicholson, F.L.S. Assistant Curator - - - William Watson. (Arboretum) - *William J. Bean. ,9 ” Foremen :— Herbaceous Department - - *Walter Irving. Greenhouse and Ornamental Frank Garrett. Department. Temperate House - - - *William Dallimore. Cambridge.—University Botanie Garden :— Professor - - - Harry Marshall Ward, Ir D.Sc., F.R.S., LS. Secretary to Botanic D A. a Seward, M.A., Garden Syafii F.R.S. Curator *Richard Irwin Lynch, A.L.S. Dublin.—Royal Botanie Gardens, Glasnevin :— Keeper - E - Frederick W. Moore, Trinity College Botanie Gardens :— Professor - - - E. Perceval Wright, Curator - - - *F, W. Burbidge, M.A. F.L.S. Edinburgh.—Royal Botanie Garden :— Regius Keeper - - Isaac Bayley Balfour, a}. F.L.S. Head Gardener - - A. D. Richardson. Assistant Gardener - *R. L. Harrow. Glasgow.—Botanie Gardens :— University Professor - F. O. Bower, M.A., D. Curator - - - *Daniel Dew: Oxford.— University Botanie Garden :— E Profesor - - - SydneyH. Vines, M.A., ee D.Sc., F.R.S., de Curator -- - - "William Baker. : 85 COLONIES. ee Dian :— t - - - *W. N. Sands. Barbados.—Dodd's Reformatory, Botanic Station Superintendent - John R. Bovell, FLS, Assistant Superinten- C. E. Stoute. dent. Lecturer in Agricultural tAlbert Howard, B.A., ience. i ECS > Bermuda.—Botanic Statio Su poristeadeni - TG. A. Bishop. se nn ae — Scientific Department :— of Dn J. MeClounie. cse E *J. M. Purves. British Guiana.—Botanic Gardens :— Georgetown - Superintendentand ) + * nei Bo- Eon S. Jenman, tanist. qs Head Garden - TJohn F. Waby. Agricultural i ssiptont *Robert Ward. Promenade Garden :— Head Gardener - William Jackson. Berbice - - Keeper - - - Richard Hunt. British Honduras. —Botanic Station :— Curator - - - Eugene Campbell. Canada.— Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist - Prof. John Macoun, MA, FRSO F.L.S. Assistant ,, - Jas. M. Macoun Director of Govern- Prof. Wm. Saunders, ment (€ LED, FRSC mental Far F.L.S. —€— 8 Joke Superin- tendent of Bo- W. T. Maconn. tanic Garde Botanist aud Ento- James Fletcher, F.L.S. mologist. Montreal - - Director, University Prof. D. P. Penhallow, Botanic Garden. B.Sc. Cape Colony.— Government Botanist Prof. MacOwan, F.L.S. - Ceylon.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens Director - - - Ho a o. Willis, M.A., F Mycologist and Assis- J. B. Carruthers, tant Dire een Messias: E. E. Green logist. 86 Peradeniya - Curator - - - *Hugh McMillan. Clerk - - - J. Ferdinandus. Draughtsman - W. de Alwis. Hakgala - - Superintendent - - *William Nock. i Clerk and Foreman - A. Perera. Henaratgoda - Conductor E - S. de Silva, Arachchi. Anuradhapura ers, =, F. de SiNi Badulla - - $ E E - D. D. Fernando. Dominica.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *Joseph Jones. Agricultural Instruc- G. F. Branch. or. inci ons oe School :— O rin Charge - *D. Tannock. East AEn "c foc s Dotinie Station :— Uga r - - TAlexander Whyte, M.A., F.L.S. Falkland — en — Garde d Garden *Albert Psy Federated ae Sol di ivatinane Plantations :— Superintendent - *Stanley Arden. Perak (Taiping). geo veroment ade and Plantations :— perintendent - *Ro seri Derry. Fiji.—Botanic naa :— Curator - - - *Daniel Yeoward. Gambia.—Botanic € :— Cura Gold Coast.—Botanic — :— Cur: - *William H. Johnson. visae i Ouratör - *T. W. Brown. Grenada.—Botanic Garden :— Curator - E - *Walter E. Broadway. Hong Kong.—Botanic and Afforestation Department :— Superintendent - - TCharles Ford, F.L.S. ae Superinten- *W. J. Tut cher. den Sr of Public — and Plantations :— Director - - TWilli: tt, am Fawce SEALS Hope Gardens - Superintendent - - *William Cradwick. Castleton Garden en - *William J. Thompson. Cinchona (Hill s ; - *William Harris. Garden). Kingston Parade i - John Campbell. Garden. King's House - "Thomas J. Harris. 87 Bath- - -OOverseer - - - A. H. Groves. Lecturer in Agricultural Science - TW. R. Buttenshaw, M.A., B.Sc. Lagos.—Botanic Station :— urator - - - ——- Assistant - - - *F. G. R. Leigh. ” ~ > - E B. Dawodu. Malta. —Argotti Botanic Garden :— Director - ; - Dr. Francesco Debono. Mauritius.—Department of Forests and Botanic Gardens :— Pamplemousses - Director - - «ida EE Ist Assistant - - Paul Koe 9n s - - E Poulet. Overseer - - - J. Powell. Curepipe - - Overseer - > - F. Bijoux. Reduit E E » - - - W. A. Kennedy. Montserrat.—Botanic Station :— Curator -- - - — Agricultural Instruc- *A. J. Jordan. tor. N ~~ inae Gardens :— Dur - - Curator - - - John Medley Wood, Head Gardener - B * James Wylie. Pietermaritzburg Curator - - - G. Mitchell. New South Wales.—Botanic Gardens :— Sydney - - Director and Govern- J. H. Maiden, F.L.S. ment Botanist. een - George Harwood. tanical Assistant - E. Betche. - Technological Museum :— Curator - - - R. T. Baker, FLS. New Zealand :— Wellington.—Colonial Botanic Garden :— Head Gardener - - G. Gibb. Dunedin - - Superintendent - - J. McBean. Napier - - W. Barton. EN - Send Gardener - - Thomas Waugh. Auckland - - Ranger - - William Goldie. Christchurch - Head Be, - - *Ambrose Taylor. 88 Queensland.—Botanie Department :— Brisbane - - Colonial Botanist - F.M. Bailey, F.LS. Botanic Gardens :— Curator - E E Eee MacMahon. Overseer - - . Tobin. Acclimatisation Society's Gardens :— we we Manager c Grimley. Overs Jam s Mitchell. Rockhampton - a > e JN Visa St. Kitts-Nevis.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *William Lunt. St. Lucia.— Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *John Chisnall Moore. Agricultural Instruc- George S. Hudson. tor. St. a ee VE — *Henry Powell. Agricultura lista *M. McNeill. or. ‘Sierra Leone.— Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *Walter Haydon. South Australia.—Botanie Gardens :— Adelaide - - Director - E - Maurice Holtze, F.L.S. Port Darwin - Curator - - - Nicholas Holtze. Southern Nigeria.—Botanic Garden :— Old Calabar - Curator E - *John H. Holland. Assistant Curator - ———— Straits Settlements.—Gardens and Forest Department :— Singapore - - Director - - pst N. Ridley, M.A., F.L.S. Assistant Superinten- *Walter Fox. dent. Penang - - ee Superinten- tCharles Curtis, F.L.S den Tasmania.—Botanic Gardens :— Hobart Town - Superintendent . - F. Abbott. Tobago.—Botanie Station :— Curator - - - *Henry Mites, Cacao Instructor . W.C. Cai Trinidad.—Royal Botanic Gardens :— | Deere teen. - tJohn H. Hart, FLES — — Assistant ,, = *W. Leslie. ee 89 Victoria.—Botanic Gardens :— Melbourne - - Curator - - - W.R.Guilfoyle. National Herbarium :— Curator - - - J.G.Luehmann, F.L.S. West Indies.—Imperial Department of Agriculture :— Barbados - - Commissioner - - D. Morris, C.M.G.. c., M.A., F.L.S D.S Travelling Superin- G. W. Smith. ndent. Technical Assistant - W. er Freeman, B.Sc., L.S. Entomologist - - TH. 1 Lefroy, B.A. nz Consulting Prof. J. B. Harrison, Chem M.A., F.I.C., F.C.S. = 5 Prof. J. `P, Qu que, M.A., F.C.S. en u —Department of en — - - Botanist Alexander Morrison. Coumlung Bolanist - F. Turner, F.L.S (Sydney). Zanzibar.— Director of Agricul- R. N. Lyne, F.L.S. ture Assistant Director - Victoria Gardens :— Curator - - - W. Buzzacctt. INDIA. Botanical Survey.—Director, Major D. Prain, M.B., LM.S., F.L.S., ERSE. Bengal, Assam, Burma ; he Andamans and Nicobars ; North- ; Frontier Expedition Superi Gnomon of the Royal Botanic s sjon = Lae F. PIU Gardens, Calcutta Bombay, including Sind :— Professor of Botany, of} G. A. Gammie. Science, Poona - “Madras: the State of Hyderabad and the State of Mysore :— Government Botanist, } FC. A. Barber, M.A. M Fi FIO. 90 North-Western Provinces and Oudh ; the Punjab; the Central Provinces ; Cent tral India ; Rajputana ; : Norih-West Frontier Expeditions Director of the Bo- Me MSN UH P. Duis BA, : F.L.S. Saharanpur, ZW. -J Bengal :— Reporter on Econo- } mie Produets to | fGeorge Watt, M.B., the Government C.M., C.LE., F.L.S of India, Indian Museum, Calcutta J Bengal.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :— Calcutta Superintendent - Major D. Prain, (Seebpore) M.B., I.M.S., FLS, F.R.S.E. uw of Ben { Lieutenant Gage, I.M.S. bari ee of Garden - - "G. T. Lane. 5 E. Gill. Probationer - *H.F. Green. Caleutta.—Agri-Horticultural Society of India :— Secretary - - P.Laneaster. Mungpoo - Superintendent, Go- | Major D. Prain, ernmen Cin- M.B, 1.M.S., ELS, chona Plantations \ F.R.S.E. eputy a *R. Pantling. Ist Assistant *Joseph Parkes. Ad — . * Amos bius ord » - *Georg e H. Cav 4h . *Oliver m. Banker. Darjeeling.—Lloyd Botanic Garden :— Curator - - - *W. A. Kennedy. Darbhangah.—Maharajah's Garden :— Superintendent - Herbert Thorn. Bombay.— Poona - > Professor of Botany G. A. Gammie. Ghorpuri.—Botanic Garden :— Superintendent - P. G. Kanitkar. Bombay.—Municipal Garden :— Superintendent - C. D. Mahaluxmivala. ruie —Municipal Garden siapetiutendüllk | 9] Central Provinces.— Nagpur - - Superintendent of *J. Horne Stephen. Public Gardens. Madras.—Botanic Department :— Ootacumund - Government Botanist tC. A. Barber, M.A., KLEA : puedes: of Govern- cce W. M. Standen. Plantatio Curator of. e *Robert L. Proudlock. and Parks. Madras.—Agri-Horticultural Society :— Hon. Secretary - ~ A.: G. Bourne, D.Be, Superintendent - -B Cavanagh. Native States.— Mysore (Bangalore) Superintendent - *J. Cameron, F.L.S. Baroda - - » - *G. H. Krumbiegel. Gwalior - - * - tC. Maries, F.L S. Morvi - d - *Joseph Beck. Travancore isivindrum) x - u Udaipur : - » . TT. H. Storey. — North-West Provinces.— Agra(Taj Garden) Superintendent - * A. E. P. Griessen. d. Allahabad - - 3 - *H. J. Davies. Cawnpur - à - G. H. T. Mayer. Kumaon indo! 7 - *F, W. Seers. Lucknow - - = - *Matthew Ridley. Saharanpur and ranch Garden, n - William Gollan. Mussoorie. | Punjab.— Lahore - - Superintendent - H. G. Hein.